diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 20144-8.txt | 2017 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 20144-8.zip | bin | 0 -> 39737 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 20144-h.zip | bin | 0 -> 41885 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 20144-h/20144-h.htm | 2168 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 20144.txt | 2017 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 20144.zip | bin | 0 -> 39696 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 |
9 files changed, 6218 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/20144-8.txt b/20144-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c504bf6 --- /dev/null +++ b/20144-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2017 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and the +Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad, by Virgil and Voltaire + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and the Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad + +Author: Virgil and Voltaire + +Translator: Anonymous + +Release Date: December 20, 2006 [EBook #20144] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VIRGIL AND VOLTAIRE *** + + + + +Produced by Zoran Stefanovic, Rénald Lévesque and the +Online Distributed Proofreaders Europe at +http://dp.rastko.net. This file was produced from images +generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale +de France (BnF/Gallica) + + + + + + + + + + + THE FOURTH BOOK + of + VIRGIL'S ÆNEID, + and + THE NINTH BOOK + of + VOLTAIRE'S HENRIAD. + + Translated into English verse with a view of comparison + between the Latin, French, and English poetry. + + By the Translator of the HENRIAD. + + + + PARIS: + PRINTED BY CH. CRAPELET. + + 1804. + + + + +TO +MONSIEUR DELILLE. + + +SIR, + +After reading with infinite pleasure your masterly translations of +Virgil, I have been led into a train of reflection on the mechanism of +words, and on the manners, the ideas, and pursuits of Nations in as much +as they frequently give rise to the difference of character which we +remark in their language. Few literary discussions would I think be more +curious than an impartial comparative enquiry of this kind. + +Not only have the easy elegance and courtly air of your verses displayed +the French tongue in these respects worthy of your original; but have +inclined me to think that they have raised it near the highest pitch of +perfection of which it is at present capable, in the translation of a +Latin poet. After two brillant ages of literature the French language +did not, till you appeared, possess one translation of the great +masterpieces of antiquity, which might fairly be said to have attained +the rank of a classical work: while the English had been long enriched +with such translations of most of them, as will like yours, in all +probability share the immortality of their originals. In the cloud of +critics which superior lustre necessarily attracts, many perhaps were +not sufficiently aware of the peculiar difficulties of your undertaking, +from the nature of the materials which you had to employ, and some not +candid enough to compare the work which you have raised out of them, +with what they had hitherto been made to produce. + +That the English language might be so managed as to surpass the French +in expression of strong sentiments, in boldness of imagery, in harmony +and variety of versification I will not be sufficiently hardy to assert. +The universality of the latter must be admitted as a strong presumption +of its general excellency. Yet I cannot help wishing, that some pen +worthy to be compared with Monsieur Delille's would give the world an +opportunity of judging whether the former may not have some pretensions +to superiority in the instances which I have mentioned. + +Besides the length of time which has elapsed since the production of +Dryden's translation, you will recollect with a sigh, as I do, his own +expression: «What Virgil wrote in the vigor of age, in plenty and at +ease, I have undertaken to translate,» says Dryden, «in my declining +years, struggling with want, oppressed with sickness, curbed in my +genius, liable to be misunderstood in all I write.--What I now offer is +the wretched remainder of a sickly age, worn out by study and oppressed +by Fortune»! + +It might not therefore be deemed sufficient to compare a work, produced +under such disadvantages, in the seventeenth century, (notwithstanding +the extraordinary powers of its author) with what is now becoming the +admiration of the nineteenth. Much less, sir, will it be just or candid +to suppose me capable of publishing my feeble attempt with any view of +comparison as to the merit of the performance.--Should it be asked, +what then could have been my inducement?--First, if I am fortunate +enough to excite others more capable than myself to try again the +comparative force of English language in a new translation, as you have +just shown how much can be done in French, I shall have obtained the +utmost bounds of my ambition. + +Secondly, I am happy to acknowledge the pleasure which I felt an +employing some long moments of leisure, on a subject wherein your genius +had taken such delight: I hove chosen the fourth book as that which I +have had the good fortune of hearing in your own verses, with all the +charms of your own recitation; and have pursued this occupation. + + Non ita certandi cupidus, quam propter amorem + Quod te imitari aveo---- + +I have the honor to be with great respect, +Your most obedient humble servant, + +P. L. + + + + + PREFACE. + + +The motives and design of this attempt are sufficiently explained in the +foregoing address, the ideas which gave rise to it have been confirmed +and enlarged in its progress. As some apology for them, it may not be +improper to observe here, that the English language seems to owe a great +portion of that energy for which it is remarked, to the old Anglo Saxon +idiom, which still forms its basis. It was enriched and softened by the +introduction of the French, though some are of opinion that most of its +foreign words, were adopted immediately from the Latin and not from any +modern tongue: and this opinion is corroborated by the observation, +that, during more than a century after the conquest, very little mixture +of French is perceivable in the style of English authors. Be that as it +may, it is certain that the constant attention of its earliest writers +to the Greek and Latin models, though sometimes carried to excess, has +added grace, variety, and extent to its construction. Sir Thomas Brown +who wrote his _Pseudodoxia Epidemica_, or Enquiry into Vulgar Errors, +about the middle of the seventeenth century, and whose style is still +much commended, says in his preface to that interesting work: «I confess +that the quality of the subject, will sometimes carry us into +expressions beyond meer English apprehensions. And indeed if elegancy of +style proceedeth, and English pens maintain that stream we have of late +observed to flow from many, we shall, in a few years, be fain to learn +Latin to understand English, and a work will prove of equal facility in +either». Milton, both in his verse and prose, has carried this +affectation to such a degree, as not only to be frequently beyond a meer +English apprehension, but even beyond that of an ordinary proficient in +the learned languages. Yet, so far were these innovations from being +considered as prejudicial, that one of the most admired writers of our +days, Dr. Johnson, did not scruple to confess, that he formed his style +upon the model of Sir Thomas Brown. The great number of excellent +translations which were constantly appearing through all its progressive +stages of improvement, must naturally have given the language a +classical turn. It is scarcely possible that a work so extensive, and so +universally read, as Pope's admirable translation of Homer, should not +leave some gloss of grecism upon the idiom into which so many of its +greatest beauties had been transfused. At the same time the early and +proud independence of the middle orders of people in England, prevented +them from conforming their language, their manners, or their sentiments +to the model of a court. Whereby if their expression did not acquire +politeness from that quarter, it did not loose any of its strength. +While the energy which their language is allowed to possess is the old +inheritance of their Anglo Saxon ancestors, whatever elegance it may +have acquired, is derived rather from Athens and Rome than from St. +James's.--The varied and extended occupations of a maritime and +commercial people have increased the fund from which imagery in +discourse is drawn, and as all occupations in such a nation are deemed +honorable, no metaphor is rejected as ignoble that is apt and +expressive. + +A number of ideas conveyed by monosyllables gives great force and +conciseness, but leaves the poet frequently to struggle with the +harshness of sound; nevertheless those who are conversant with English +poetry will have perceived that this difficulty is not always +insuperable. The different accentuation of the old Anglo Saxon words, +with those adopted from other tongues, affords uncommon variety and +emphasis to the numbers of English verse. The measure commonly used in +poetry of a higher style is of ten syllables, as that in French is of +twelve. Three English verses of ten syllables generally contain nearly +the same number of syllables as two Latin or Greek hexameters, but are +in most instances capable of conveying more ideas, especially in +translating from Greek which abounds so much in what seem to us +expletive particles. The _cæsura_, or pause is not invariably fixed on +the same syllable of the verse, as in French; in the choice and variety +of its position, consists the chief art of appropriate harmony. +Accentuation of syllables, which seems, to answer the idea of long and +short syllables in the dead languages, is the foundation of English, +metre.--Tripple rhymes used with judgment have been admitted by the best +English poets, and now and then the introduction of an Alexandrine, or +verse of six feet. + +Though blank verse has still many admirers, the English ear is grown +remarkably delicate as to the consonance of rhymes; Dryden and Pope have +used many, which would not now be received. Masculine and feminine +rhymes are unknown in English. As the character of a language appears to +be the result of all the affections of the people who speak it, it did +not seem foreign to this design to compare the manner in which two such +great genius's as Virgil and Voltaire, have treated the same subject, +and to place the loves of Henry and Gabrielle in comparison with those +of Æneas and Dido. The elegance, the delicacies, the nicest touches of +refined gallantry come admirably forward with the brillant colouring, +the light and graceful pencil of Voltaire. The verse seems to flow from +his pen without effort into its natural channel, and some of his +descriptions would not loose by a comparison; but perhaps he has let it +be seen, that it would not be so easy a task to convey in the same +language the exquisite and deep strokes of passion, which the Roman +master has left to the admiration of the universe. To which of these +styles the English and the French languages are most fitted, and how far +they may be made to succeed in both, is one of the objects of an inquiry +which this undertaking was intended to promote. + +Whatever can be said by way of comment on the fourth book of the Æneid +has been so often repeated, and is so easily to be met with, that it was +thought needless to add any notes to this new translation. The few +instances in which there may appear some difference in the +interpretation of the original are scarce worth noticing. One perhaps +may appear to require some apology; most of the translators of Virgil +have represented Dido under the most violent impression of rage in her +first speech to Æneas. Whereas it would seem that the situation of her +mind is meant to be described before she addresses him, rather as wild +and frantic with doubt and fear, than actuated by rage. Whatever anger +she may feel, is yet so much tempered by love and hope, that she breaks +out, not into the language of rage, but of the most tender +expostulation, the most lively interest in his own welfare, the most +pathetic painting of her feelings and situation. It is a beautiful +appeal to love, to honor, and to pity. Not till after his cold answer, +does she burst into all the violence of rage, of contempt, and of +despair. This gradation has often been remarked as a principal beauty. +As some excuse for the coldness of Æneas which takes away so much of the +interest of the poem, Virgil is careful to recoil continually to our +attention, that he is acting under the impulse of the divinity. Such has +been the constant practice of the ancients to prevent our disgust, for +the action which they represent. In Orestes and Phoedra it is the excuse +of the violence of passion, in Æneas of that coldness which we find it +so difficult to forgive, but which in this point of view we shall be +inclined to pity. + +While these sheets were in the press MONSIEUR DELILLE has given the +world another proof of the powers of his mind, and displayed the French +language to vast advantage, in a more arduous strain of poetry that it +had yet attempted. The perspicuity for which it has always been +remarked, and to which it owes its charms in conversation as perhaps +also the dificulty with which it is adapted to works of poetical +imagination, is strongly exemplified in his translation of Paradise +Lost. If he has not always been able to make the french idiom bear him +through the ætherial regions in which the daring wing of Milton's muse +soars with so sublime a flight, he has descended not without dignity to +the sphere of human understanding. And I believe it may be safely +advanced, that it will be easier for ordinary capacities, even among +English readers, to understand the work of Milton, in this translation +than in the original. + + * * * * * + + +ARGUMENT. + + +Æneas, after escaping from the destruction of Troy and a long series of +adventures by sea and land, is driven by a storm raised by the hatred of +Juno on the coast of Affrica, where he is received by Dido, in the new +town of Carthage, which she was building, after her flight from the +cruelty of her brother in law Pigmalion, who had murdered her husband +Sicheus.--Venus dreading for her son Æneas, the influence of Juno upon +the mind of Dido, makes Cupid assume the forme of his child Julus or +Ascanius, and raise in the bosom of the Queen the most ungovernable +passion for Æneas. The fourth book begins by Dido's confessing her +weakness to her sister Anna, who gives her many plausible reasons for +indulging it, and advices her to make her peace with heaven and marry +her lover. Juno, finding herself outwitted by Venus and her favourite +Dido irrecoverably in love, accosts Venus first in a sarcastic tone but +afterwards in very persuasive language, endeavours in her turn to +deceive her, by obtaining her content to the marriage, by which means to +frustrate the fates which promised the empire of the world to the +descendants of Æneas in Italy. Venus, aware of the deceit, appears in a +very complimentary style to give into it, and consents to her projects. +While the Tyrian princess and the Trojan are hunting in a forest Juno +sends down a violent storm, and the Queen and Æneas take shelter alone +in a dark cavern.--There Juno performed the nuptial rite and the passion +of Dido was reconciled to her conscience.--Fame soon spreads the report +of this alliance.--Iarba, one of Dido's suitors, hears of it and +addresses an angry prayer to Jupiter Ammon from whom he was descended. +Jove sends down Mercury to order Æneas to leave Carthage. Dido +endeavours to make him alter this terrible resolution, falls into the +most violent paroxism of rage at his cold refusal, again melts into +tenderness, employs her sister to prevail upon Æneas, at least, to wait +till the wintry storms were past. All is in vain, and Dido resolved to +die, deceives her sister with an idea of magic rites to get rid of her +passion--and persuades her to raise a funeral pyle in her palace, Æneas +a second time admonished by Mercury sets sail; when Dido, at the break +of day, beholds his vessels out of reach she again bursts into a violent +fit of passion, but soon sinks into despair.--Accuses her sister's fatal +kindness, upbraids herself with her infidelity to the memory of Sicheus, +vents the most dreadful imprecations against Æneas and the Romans, who +were to be his ascendants, bequeaths all her hatred to her subjects, +than relaxes into a momentary tenderness at the sight of the nuptial +bed, the cloaths and pictures of Æneas which she had placed on the +funeral pyre, and at last puts an end to her life with the sword of her +faithless lover. + + + + + THE FOURTH BOOK + OF + VIRGIL'S ÆNEID, + TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH VERSE. + + + While Dido, now with rising cares opprest, + Indulg'd the pain; the flame within her breast + In silence prey'd, and burn'd in every vein. + Fix'd in her heart, his voice, his form remain; + 5 Still would her thought the Hero's fame retrace, + Her fancy feed upon his heav'nly race: + Care to her wearied frame gives no repose, + Her anxious night no balmy slumber knows; + And scarce the morn, in purple beams array'd, + 10 Chas'd from the humid pole the ling'ring shade, + Her sister, fond companion of her thought, + Thus in the anguish of her soul she sought. + Dear Anna, tell me, why this broken rest? + What mean these boding thoughts? who is this guest, + 15 This lovely stranger that adorns our court? + How great his mein! and what a godlike port! + It must be true, no idle voice of Fame, + From heav'n, I'm sure, such forms, such virtue came. + } Degenerate spirits are by fear betray'd, + 20 } His soul, alas, what fortunes have essay'd; + } What feats of war!--and in what words convey'd! + Were it not fix'd, determin'd in my mind, + That me no more the nuptial tye shall bind, + Since Death deceiv'd the first fond flame I knew: + 25 Were Hymen's rites less odious to my view, + To this one fault perhaps I might give way; + For must I own it? Anna since the day + Sicheus fell, (that day a brother's guilt, + A brother's blood upon our altars spilt); + 30 He, none but he, my feelings could awake, + Or with one doubt my wav'ring bosom shake. + Yes! these are symptoms of my former flame; + But sooner thro' her very inmost frame, + May gaping Earth my sinking feet betray; + 35 Jove's light'ning blast me from this vital ray + To Hell's pale shade, and Night's eternal reign, + Ere, sacred Honor, I thy rite profane. + Oh, no! to whom my virgin faith I gave, + "Twas his, and his remains within the grave". + + 40 She ceas'd--but down her bosom gush'd her tears. + "O dearer than the genial ray that cheers", + Her sister cry'd, shall lonely grief consume, + Lost to the joys of love your beauties bloom, + Lost to the joys, maternal feelings share? + 45 Do shades for this, do buried ashes care? + That new in grief no lover should succeed, + Tyrians in vain, in vain Iarba plead; + That every chief of Afric's wide domain, + In triumphs proud, should learn to sue in vain; + 50 'Twas well; but why a mutual flame withstand? + Can you forget who owns this hostile land? + Unconquer'd Getulans your walls surround, + The Syri untam'd, the wild Numidian bound. + Thro' the wide desert fierce Barceans roam: + 55 Why need I mention from our former home, + The deadly war, a brother's threats prepare? + For me, I think, that Juno's fost'ring care, + Some god auspicious, rais'd the winds that bore + Those Phrygian vessels to our Lybian shore. + 60 Their godlike chief should happy Dido wed, + How would her walls ascend, her empire spread? + Join'd by the arms of Troy, with such allies, + Think to what height will Punic glory rise. + Win but the gods, their sacred off'rings pay; + 65 Detain your guest; invent some fond delay. + See low'ring tempests o'er the ocean ply, + The shatter'd vessels, the inclement sky». + + Each word that dropt inflam'd her burning mind, + And all her wav'ring soul to love inclin'd; + 70 New gleams of hope in Dido's bosom play, + And Honor's bright idea fades away. + + Fain would the sisters now, by gift and pray'r, + With heav'n seduc'd, the conscious error share. + At ev'ry shrine, the fav'ring gods to gain, + 75 In order due are proper victims slain; + To Ceres, Bacchus, and the God of Light, + And Juno most, who tends the nuptial rite. + Herself the goblet lovely Dido bears, + Her graceful arm the sacred vessel rears; + 80 And where the horns above the forehead join, + Upon the snow-white heifer pours the wine: + Before the god with awful grace she bows, + Moves round the altar rich with daily vows, + Hangs o'er the victim, in its bosom pries, + 85 And through the breathing entrail darts her eyes. + Vain cares, alas! and rites too fondly paid! + The tortur'd soul, can vows, can altars aid? + Weak boast of priests, and ineffectual pray'rs! + In her own heart, unknown, her fate she bears. + 90 The pleasing flame upon her vitals feeds, + The silent wound within her bosom bleeds. + + She raves, she burns, and with uncertain mind, + Roams o'er the town; roams like the wounded hind, + Whom in the woods, unconscious of his deed, + 95 The hunter pierc'd, and left the trembling reed; + O'er woods, o'er quaries, from the pain she springs, + While in her flank the deadly arrow clings. + } So with Æneas love-sick Dido strays, +100 } Points to her town, her Tyrian wealth displays, + } While ev'ry look her longing soul betrays; + And fain her lips would tell the fond desire, + But scarce begun--the trembling words expire: + --When later hours convivial pleasure bring, + Then back to Troy, her thoughts impatient spring, +105 The well known story still enchants her ears, + She hangs enamour'd on each word she hears: + But when the moon with paler splendor glows, + When stars descending counsel sweet repose, + In the deserted hall, alone she mourns; +110 Each word, each look, upon her soul returns, + She sees him absent, hears him o'er again, + Presses the happy couch where he had lain; + Or with the father's rising form beguil'd, + Deludes her flame, and clasps the lovely child. +115 Each other care her burning thoughts refuse, + In arms no more her Tyrian youth she views; + No spreading moles the boistrous tide command; + The tow'rs, the forts, begun, unfinish'd stand: + The mighty structure threat'ning from on high +120 Hangs interrupted--all inactive lie + Unbrac'd,--the vast machines that thro' the air, + Lab'ring, the pond'rous mass, aloft, suspended bear. + + When Juno view'd the tumult in her breast, + That Fame with Passion could no more contest, + She sought the Cyprian queen, «What praise, what fame» +126 She cried, «what glorious triumph you may claim, + What high renown, for you and for your son! + Two mighty gods--one woman have undone! + I'm not deceiv'd, I know what jealous hate +130 Our rising walls and Punic pow'r create; + To what extreme, what purpose will it tend? + Why may not peace and nuptial union end + This dire debate?----You've gain'd your utmost aim; + Thro' every fibre Dido feels the flame; +135 She doats, she burns;--then let the nuptial rite, + At once the people, and the chiefs, unite, + And both the nations be alike our care; + The sceptre let the Phrygian husband bear, + And take my Tyrians for the nuptial dow'r». + +140 Venus who saw how much the Latian pow'r; + The promised empire in the Trojan line + Alarm'd the goddess, felt her false design, + But smiling said, «Who madly would refuse + Such offers--and eternal warfare choose? +145 Would Fortune friendly on our project wait. + But doubts within my mind arise, if Fate + And Jove allow, that, with the sons of Troy, + The Tyrian race one empire should enjoy, + The people mingled, and their rites combin'd. +150 'Tis yours; his queen, to try the thund'rer's mind; + Mine to obey»--«Be that my care,» replied + Jove's sister Queen--«Now hear what I provide: + To-morrow, when the rising lamp of day + Shoots o'er the humid orb its golden ray, +155 Unhappy Dido and her guest of Troy + Together in the woods the chase enjoy, + When ev'ry mind is on the sport intent, + From gather'd clouds with livid light'ning rent, + Of rain and pelting hail, a horrid show'r, +160 With peals of thunder on their heads I'll poor: + All fly the storm, and in one dark retreat, + The Trojan hero, and the Queen shall meet; + There will I be; there if unchang'd your mind, + Shall Hymen's chain at once the lovers bind». + +165 The Queen of love perceiv'd her false intent, + Smil'd at the smooth deceit, and bow'd assent. + + Aurora now her wat'ry couch forsakes, + The chosen youth her earliest beam awakes, + The bounding steed, the highly scented hound, +170 Nets, toils, and spears, the palace court surround. + A favour'd band within the royal gate, + The Queen who still delay'd, respectful wait. + In purple trapping, burnish'd gold array'd, + Proud on the foaming bit, her courser play'd; +175 She comes; the court her graceful steps surround; + Her Tyrian vest, embroider'd fringes bound; + Her quiver gold, with gold her hair enlac'd, + A golden clasp her flowing mantle brac'd. + Next with his Phrygian youth Iulus came +180 On wings of joy; but charms divine proclaim + Cythereas offspring as he join'd the train. + + Thus when young Phoebus leaves the wintry plain, + From Lycia and the Xanthian flood, retires + To native Delos, and his sacred choirs; +185 Mingled in carols loud around his shrine, + Cretans and Greeks, and painted Scythians join. + Graceful on high the god o'er Cynthio glides, + His wanton locks with pliant gold divides, + With tender foliage crowns his radiant hair; +190 Wide sounds the dart bu spreading shoulders bear. + + Æneas moves not with inferior grace, + Such heav'nly beauty beam'd upon his face. + O'er hills and rocks, and thro' the pathless wood, + From their old haunts they rouse the savage brood; +195 Here downward springs the shaggy goat, and here, + From the steep cliff down rush the bounding deep, + Dart from the hills, in panting herds unite, + Stretch o'er the plain and spread their dusty flight. + As thro' the vale Iulus winds his steed, +200 Leads on the chase, and passes all in speed, + A nobler prey his youthful vows implore, + The tawny lion or the foaming boar. + + But murky clouds are gath'ring round the pole-, + In hollow murmur distant thunders roll; +205 The hail, the rain a mingled tempest pour, + Whole rivers swelling down the mountain roar, + The trembling youths of Troy, the Tyrian train, + Cytherea's grandson, scatter'd o'er the plain, + All fly the storm, and in one dark retreat +210 The Tyrian Queen and Trojan Hero meet. + Strait nuptial Juno, gives the fatal sign; + Pale flames the torch, and trembling Earth the shrine: + Night spread the veil;--and to the vow they swore + The murmuring air, ill omen'd witness bore. +215 The frighted Nymphs along the mountain height, + In doleful cries proclaim the genial rite. + That hour her death and all her sorrows wrought; + Then fame and honor vanish'd from her thought; + No more she struggles with a secret flame, +220 The crime is veil'd in wedlock's specious name. + + Soon thro' the Lybian towns, Fame blew the deed; + Fame, that outstrips all other ills in speed, + That feeds on motion, strengthens as she flies, +225 Weak, timid first, but soon of monstrous size, + Her feet on earth, amid the clouds her head. + + With Heav'n incens'd, her mother Earth 'tis said, + This sister added to the Giant brood, + With wings, with feet, with dreadful speed endu'd. + Huge horrid monster!----Ev'ry plume she wears +230 A watching eye conceal'd beneath it bears, + And strange to tell--on ev'ry feather hung + A gaping ear--a never ceasing tongue. + Sleep never enter'd yet those glaring eyes; + All night 'twixt earth and heav'n she buzzing flies; +235 All day sits watchful on the turrets height, + Or palace roof, the babbling town to fright. + Falsehood and truth, she spreads with equal real, + To gaping crouds rejoicing to reveal + What is, what was, and what has never been. +240 Æneas fled from Troy;--The Tyrian queen, + Her bed, her sceptre, with an exile shares; + And now forgetful of all other cares, + With shameful passion blindly led astray, + In love and joy they waste the hours away. + +245 This, all around Fame glories to diffuse, + And to Iarba next her flight pursues, + To fan the flame that in his bosom glows. + To Jove himself, his birth the monarch owes; + A nymph his mother, by a forc'd embrace; +250 And to the God, the author of his race, + Their lofty domes an hundred temples raise, + An hundred shrines with flames perpetual blaze, + Hung round with wreaths: through all his vast domain, + The soil was rich with blood of victims skin. +255 He, by the dire report, to madness fir'd, + Vents his dark soul by jealous rage inspir'd, + Before the gods, while curling incense blaz'd, + His suppliant hands to Jove almighty rais'd. + «All potent Jove! those eyes that view the Moor +260 From painted coaches full libations pour, + See they not this? Or when thy thunder rolls + Do causeless fears, O Father, shake our souls? + Is there no vengeance in the bolt you poise? + Is all but fancied horror, empty noise? +265 A woman, wand'ring outcast on our shore, + Bargains a petty spot and owns no more, + Accepts a portion of our coast to till, + Ev'n from our pity; from our royal will; + And she--the offer of our hand disdains, +270 And she--Æneas in her court detains! + + That Paris, with that woman crew, that wear + Those Phrygian bonnets on their scented hair, + Enjoys the spoil.--while I--thy power proclaim, + Adorn thy shrine, and feed on empty fame». +275 Thus, while he pray'd and bow'd before the shrine: + Th' Almighty hearing, throws his eyes divine + On Lybia's coast; there views the lovelest pair + Forgetting fame and ev'ry nobler care, + And quick commands the herald of the sky. +280 «Go, call the zephyrs, spread your pinnions, fly, + Fly to the Dardan chief who ling'ring waits + Mindless in Carthage of the promis'd fates; + Swift as the rushing wind, my order bear. + Not such a man--unworthy of her care, +285 His mother promis'd, when her powerful charms, + Twice, made me save him from the Grecian arms. + No--For Hesperia's realm a future king, + Thro' whom, from Teucer's blood untam'd to spring + A warlike race, the pregnant seeds to lay, +290 Of boundless empire, universal sway. + If he, unmov'd, such' proferr'd greatness sees, + Renouncing glory for ignoble ease. + } Julus too, must he forego his claim? + } Spoil'd by a father of his birthright fame, +295 } The pow'r, the glory, of the Roman name. + What mean these structures in a hostile place? + What hopes deceitful from his mind efface + Th' Ausonian offspring, the Lavinian land? + But let him sail--no more--bear my command». +300 Jove spoke--His son obey'd:--and to his feet + Bound the light wings of gold--wings ever fleet, + Which over earth and sea, through yielding air, + Swift as the wind the rapid herald bear; +305 And took the rod that calls the trembling ghost + To light, or binds it to the Stygian coast, + Gives balmy slumber, breaks the sweet repose, + Weighs down the lid of dying eyes that close. + Thro' storms and dripping clouds with this he glides; + Now o'er the summit and the hoary sides +310 Of Atlas hangs, pois'd on whose shoulders rest + The Heav'ns: his head eternal storms infest, + Crown'd with dark pines, inwrap'd with gloomy clouds; + Primeval snow his shaggy bosom shrouds, + Furrow'd with streams that down his chin descend, +315 And chains of ice from his broad beard that pend. + Here light the God--Balanc'd his equal wings, + And darting forward to the ocean flings. + Through misty air as nearer earth he drew, + Cutting the winds and whirling sands, he flew +320 Like birds, that hov'ring o'er the fishy main, + Drop from the sky', and skim the watry plain. + So from the height his mighty grandsire props, + Down on the pinion light Cyllenius drops; + And scarce his winged feet had touch'd the ground, +325 Æneas with the busy crew he found, + Planning new structures for the rising town. + Bright with a radiant gem his sword hung down, + A mantle graceful o'er his shoulder thrown + With sparkling gold and Tyrian purple shone. +330 'Twas Dido's present: thro' the blushing thread + The docile gold her taper fingers led. + The god accosts him.--«With uxorious care + The walls of Carthage does Æneas rear, + Himself forgotten and his future state? +335 But he that reigns--the pow'r who next to Fate, + Roles Earth and Heav'n, and moves them with a nod, + Thro' skies unclouded, he--the ruling God, + This to your ear commands me to convey; + Why on the Lybian shore this fond delay? +340 These rising tow'rs--If satisfied with these, + You barter glory for ignoble ease, + Your injur'd heir--your young Ascanius view, + Rome and th' Italian reign to him are due.» + While thus the God convey'd what Jove resolv'd, +345 From human eyes in air his form dissolved. + + Æneas stood with sacred terror chill'd; + His hair erect, his lips with horror seal'd; + Aw'd by the present God, the high command, + He burns to fly, and leave the much lov'd land. +350 But how alas!--What words, what soothing art? + How meet the Queen, the sad design impart? + Now here, now there, his wav'ring soul inclin'd; + He bends on ev'ry side his anxious mind: + And thus at length his doubting councils end. +355 He bids Cleanthus and the chiefs attend, + The crews assemble and the ships prepare, + In silence hid the object of their care; + While Dido yet the faithless dream deludes, + And not one doubt upon her bliss intrudes: +360 That he, mean while, the fittest time would seek, + The fittest place the sad reverse to speak. + + In secret they, the pleasing task pursue; + But soon--(what can escape a lovers view) + Soon Dido saw the change, her boding mind +365 Fancied, foresaw, or felt what they desgn'd. + Trembling, alive to all she sees or hears, + Suspecting ev'ry thing, she doubts, she fears, + While Fame that wounded feeling never spar'd, + The crews on board announced, the fleet prepar'd: +379 Till mad'ning flames within her bosom rise; + Distracted, furious, o'er the town she flies, + Wild as the Woodnymph when the frantic rite + And Bacchanalian shout, to rage excite + Madder and louder as the God invades, +375 She hears him bounding thro' the midnight shades. + + Dido, herself, at length, Æneas sought; + Could you, false man, conceive the cruel thought, + To hide a crime so great--unseen to go,-- + Silent, unnotic'd--Would you leave me so? +380 Has love no charm, has plighted faith no tie? + Nor Dido doom'd a cruel death to dye. + And for yourself--unfeeling!--when die skies + With tempest low'r--when wintry blasts arise, + You tempt the dang'rous ocean--to explore +385 A distant, strange, unhospitable shore. + Had Troy herself existed, who would brave + For Troy herself, the treach'rous wintry wave. + 'Tis me you fly--Oh, by your sacred vow, + By these sad tears, (they're all that's left me now +390 To move your heart); by all our solemn ties, + By what I've suffer'd, by our shortliv'd joys, + If gratitude has giv'n me any right, + If any charm in me once gave delight, + Do not desert the wreck yourself have made, +395 Nor from my falling state withdraw your aid. + If yet there's any pow'r in pray'rs like mine, + Oh pity me; recal that sad design-- + See Africa pow'rs, my feeble realm pursue, + My Tyrians hearts are gone,--'Tis all for you, +400 To you I've sacrific'd my brightest claim, + My sacred honor--all my former fame: + Since the dear name of husband is forgot, + Think, cruel guest, of wretched Dido's lot. + What prospect in her ruin'd state remains? +405 Pygmalions vengeance--proud Iarba's chains. + Of you--of all that's dear in life bereft, + Oh were some pledge of mutual passion left: + Some young Æneas, in whose face alone + His father's dear resemblance I might own, +410 With infant grace my lonely court to cheer, + Not lost, not widow'd quite I should appear». + + She ceas'd.--With eyes unmov'd,--o'er aw'd by Jove + He stood, and with contending passions strove. + At length he spoke. «For ever I confess +415 I owe you all that words could e'er express, + And in this grateful heart Eliza reigns, + While life itself, and memory remains. + Ne'er did I hope my voyage to conceal; + Never, (my words are few for all I feel), +420 Be not deceiv'd, no, never did I join + These nuptial ties, nor this alliance sign. + Had Fate, alas, allow'd me to dispose, + To end these troubles in the way I chose, + The ruins of my friends, the wreck of Troy, +425 Should all my care, and all my hope employ. + Then, sailing back to Asia's fertile shore, + For them, should Priam's city rise once more. + But now 'tis Italy Apollo shows, + 'Tis Italy the Lycian fates propose, +430 My country's there, there all cry vows unite. + Far from your native soil, if you delight + In Afric's coast, these walls if you enjoy; + Allow Ansonia to the sons of Troy. + We too, in foreign lands a state may raise. +435 As oft as Night her humid veil displays, + Oft as the stars, in solemn glory rise, + My father's murm'ring ghost before my eyes + Brings young Ascanius, and upbraiding stands, + And claims th' Hesperian crown, the promised lands; +440 And even now--(on both their heads I swear) + From Joves high throne above, thro' flitting air, + } The thund'rer's will, the herald God declar'd; + } These eyes beheld him, and these ears have heard; + } He past these walls, and in broad day appear'd. +445 Then cease the wounding accent of complaint-- + I follow not my will, but Heav'n's constraint». + + She heard his words--but turning from his view, + Now here, now there, her eyes indignant threw. + She fix'd him with a scornful silent cast, +450 All over view'd him--and burst forth at last. + + «No, faithless monster, no! Nor race divine, + Nor Dardan sire, nor Goddess mother thine! + Form'd in the flinty womb of rocks accurst, +455 Begot by Caucasus, by tygers nurst. + What need I more? why doubt of what is plain? + One sigh, one look, did all my tears obtain. + How name his crimes? did loves extremest woe, + Move that hard heart, or cause one tear to flow! + But will Jove's Queen who guards the nuptial vow, +460 Will mighty Jove himself, such deeds allow? + Whom now confide in? Cast upon my shore, + Shipwreck'd, distress'd, a friendly aid I bore: + Himself, his fleet, his friends, from ruin drew, + Nay, foolish woman! shar'd my kingdom too, +465 Now,--my rage to very madness tends: + Now Lycian fates, now Phæbus he pretends, + } Nay mighty Jove himself, thro' flitting air + } Sends down a god his dread command to bear. + } A worthy object, truly, for his care! +470 A mighty thing, to break the God's repose! + But go, such fates no longer I oppose; + Go, seek Ausonia in the hollow wind, + And in the frothy surge a kingdom find. + Yes may you find--just Heav'n my wishes serve! +475 Dash'd on some rock, the fate that you deserve. + Then, when you call on injure! Dido's name, + I'll follow glaring in the light'ning's flame; + When Death's cold hand this wretched soul shall free, + My ghost shall haunt you, wheresoe'er you be. +480 Yes wretch--be sure--the vengeance will be paid. + 'Twill reach my ear--'twill sooth my angry shade». + While yet she spoke, she trembling turn'd away, + Broke from his sight, and shun'd the light of day. + +485 She left him struck with fear, with grief opprest; + Opposing thoughts revolv'd within his breast. + Her languid step her maids supporting led, + And plac'd her fainting on the nuptial bed. + + Much as he wish'd the mourner to console, + To speak soft comfort to her wounded soul, +490 To grief, to doubt, to pow'rful love a prey, + Jove's sov'reign will, the hero must obey, + He views the fleet, his brave companions cheers, + Hauls down the bark and to the ocean veers; + The sides well calk'd, the briny wave defy, +495 The living woods, their shapeless limbs supply, + From the green oar the bleeding leaf they tear, + They run, they toil, they press the phasing care. + + In gath'ring numbers from the town they pour, + Wind o'er the plain, and spread along the shore +500 Like ants, that forage for a future day, 500 + And to their stores the plunder'd wheat convey; + In narrow columns move the sable train; + These with main strength roll on the pond'rous grain; + These press the march, and these the loit'rers drive; +505 They go, they come, their path seems all alive. + + Ill fated Queen! what pangs your bosom tore, + What sighs you heav'd, as on the moving shore, + The busy crews, assembling in your sight, + With dashing waves, their horrid shouts unite. +510 Love, in our heart! how boundless is thy force! + To tears again, to pray'r she has recourse; + Love bends her soul each suppliant art to try, + Each humble suit, ere she resolve, to die. + «See, Anna, see, the crowded beach they hide, +515 See how they spread, they swarm from ev'ry side; + Their open sails already court the wind, + The stern with wreaths the joyful sailors bind. + Oh had I thought such ills could e'er ensue + Perhaps I should have learn'd to bear them too? +520 Now grant me, Anna, grant this one request! + False man! his friendship you alone possest; + To you his heart was open, none but you, + The soft access, the pliant moment knew. + Go sister then, my haughty foe intreat, +525 Tell him to Troy I sent no hostile fleet; + Nor yet, at Aulis, was I one that swore, + United vengeance to the Dardan shore. + Have I disturb'd his father's sacred shade, + That to be heard--not mere--in vain I've pray'd? +530 Tho' clos'd his ears to me, can be deny + This last, this least request! where would he fly? + Bid him remain till wintry storms subside, + Till kinder breezes, smooth the ruffled tide. +535 The nuptial vow, which he so vainly swore, + His plighted faith no longer I implore, + Nor yet his Latian kingdom to forego: + Some fruitless space, some breathing time for woe, + 'Till fate have thought the wretch subdu'd to grieve, + Is all I beg--Obtain this last reprieve-- +540 For pity gain it,--and the short delay + With all her parting soul, will Dido pay». + So pray'd the Queen, and o'er and o'er again, + Pray'rs, sighs, and tears her sister urg'd in vain; + Unmov'd he stands by tears, by pray'rs by sighs, +545 The fates oppose, the God his ear denies. + Thus from the rock, the patient work of years, + His knotted strength an oak majestic rears, + When Alpine storms on ev'ry side contend, + Now here, now there his rooted mass to bend, +550 Each labour'd limb resounds, and from his head + The rustling spoils in heaps the ground o'erspread. + He grasps the rock unmov'd, and proudly shoots + As high to heav'n his head, as down to hell his roots. + With storms as fierce the lab'ring Hero torn, +555 Now here now there by swelling passion borne + Sunk in his soul a mighty load of woe, + His mind unshook--tears unavailing flow. + + 'Twas then that Dido, sinking with her fate, + In all its horror view'd her wretched state. +560 The light of heav'n grew odious to her sight, + She call'd on Death, and each religions rite + With horrid omens urg'd the dark design: + The milky juice flowed black upon the shrine; + And dire to tell, the sacred wine she bore +565 Fell from the cup in fleaks of clotted gore. + These horrid sighs, to her alone reveal'd, + Ev'n from her sister's friendship she conceal'd. + But more--a temple in the palace stood + With snow-white fleeces hang, with garlands strew'd, +570 Where to her former husband's honor'd shade + Assiduous worship, daily vows she paid: + There, when the night, unroll'd her sable pall + She hears his voice in doleful murmurs call, + While from the roof the fated owl alone +575 In deep complaint prolongs the funeral tone. + Beside, what ills had been foretold before, + Now on her mind, a dread impression bore. + Her aching eyes did broken slumbers close, + Æneas like a vengeful fury rose: +580 Alone--forsaken--distant from her home, + Driv'n o'er the desert--she appears to roam + With sinking steps,--abandoned--left behind, + Thro' burning sands her native Tyre to find. + So mad Pentheus saw two suns arise, +585 Two Thebes appear before his haggard eyes. + So wild Orestes flies his mother's rage, + With snakes, with torches arm'd across the stage, + To 'scape her vengeance whereso'er he goes, + Pale furies meet him and his flight oppose. + +590 Now when despair had settled on her mind, + What way to meet the death that she design'd + Fill'd all her thoughts. Her sister she addrest + While treach'rous smiles beguil'd her soul distrest. + «Rejoice, my friend, while I the means impart, +595 To gain his love or drive him from my heart: + A place there is where Æthiopia ends, + And into ocean's lap the sun descends; + Where Atlas on his spreading shoulders bears, + And turns the shining glory of the spheres. +600 Thence comes a priestess, in Massyla rear'd, + Who for the watchful Dragon food prepar'd; + Th' Hesperian temple 'twas her charge to keep, + The drowsy flow'rs in liquid honey steep, + And watch the golden branches on the tree. +605 She, at her will, the lab'ring mind can free, + With mystic verse,--or deadly cares enforce, + Repell the stars--arrest the rivers course; + Raise the dead shade, the trembling mountain rend, + And make the wood with horrid sound descend. +610 By heav'n and thee, thou nearest to my heart, + Against my will I fly to magic art. + But in the inmost court, in open air, + A lofty pile thou, dearest friend, prepare, + There let his arms, my nuptial couch that grac'd, +615 There ev'ry thing he faithless left be plac'd; + And fast that bed--sad witness of my fall; + The priestess orders to destroy them all. + Of the sad deed be left no conscious trace--» + She ceas'd and smil'd,--but death was in her face. +620 Anna obey'd; prepar'd the pyre; her mind + Conceiv'd no fear of all the Queen design'd, + Nor with such deep despair, her spirit fraught, + Nor worse than when Sicheus fell she thought. + In open air, but in a court inclos'd, +625 Rich pine and cloven oak the pyre compos'd; + The Queen herself the lofty sides around, + With flow'rs of death, funereal fillets bound; + Then o'er the pyre, upon the nuptial bed, + His sword, his portrait, all he left, she spread; +630 Her spirit labour'd with the dread design; + All round were altars rais'd for rites divine. + There stands the priestess with dishevell'd hair; + (Her voice like thunder shakes the trembling air) + Thrice on the hundred gods aloud she calls, +635 Deep night and chaos, thrice her Voice appalls; + The triple form that Virgin Dian wears, + Infernal Hecate's threefold nature hears. + For stygian waters that surround the dead, + Enchanted juice, a baleful vapour shed. +640 Black drops of venom--potent herbs she steep'd, + With brazen scythes, by trembling Moonlight reap'd. + And from the filly's infant forehead shorn + A powerful philter from the mother torn. + The Queen her sacred off'ring in her hands, +645 With one foot bar'd, before the altar stands; + Her zone unbound releas'd her flowing vest; + The conscious gods her dying words attest, + The start that bear our fate, and if above + A pow'r remains, that pities injur'd love. + +650 'Twas night when o'er the earth in soft repose, + All that exist, the load of life depose; + When woods are hush'd, and murmuring billows done, + When stars descending half their course have run; + In silence all--The beasts, the feather'd brood, +655 That swim the lake, or haunt the thicket wood, + All thro' the silent night, in balmy sleep + Their hearts reliev'd in sweet oblivion steep. + Not wretched Dido--night descends in vain + Her eyes unclos'd, and unrepriev'd her pain; +660 Rest flies her soul, and sleep her couch forsakes; + Care through the livelong night incessant wakes; + Now love, now rage, in midnight silence nurst, + Back on her soal with doubted fury burst. + From wave to wave of boiling passion borne, +665 «What now remains, she cries--despis'd, forlorn, + Must Dido now, poor suppliant wretch, implore, + And court the husband she disdain'd before; + Or must I on their fleet submissive wait; + And from those Dardan lords expect my fate? +670 Oh! yes!--by former favours I may guess + What gratitude they'll feel in my distress. + But if--which way! what means?--What pow'r have I? + How will their pride my humble suit deny? + Oh senseless being! have I yet to know, +675 How far, that perjur'd, Trojan race can go? + And then--alone attend their joyful crew, + Or with my Tyrian force their fleet pursue? + Yes,--and the men I scarce from home could tear, +680 Will they for me again the ocean dare. + No--meet the death you merit.--Let the sword-- + 'Tis all that's left, this sad relief afford. + Oh, sister, to my tears so weakly kind, + You nurst this fatal error in my mind, + } You wrought my fate, you gave me to my foe; +685 } As Nature free, unshar'd my days might flow, + } No guilty joy, no faithless partner know, + No pangs like these I bear,--and not to you, + Dear injur'd shade, Sicheus not untrue». + Long as the gloomy shades o'erhung the pole, +690 Such cares revolving prey'd upon her soul. + + Meanwhile Æneas in his fleet repos'd, + His doubts remov'd, and all for flight dispos'd. + To him the form divine he'd seen before, + Appear'd in sleep--again his mandate bore; +695 The graceful limbs of youth, the flaxen hair, + The voice, the rosy hue, Jove's son declare. + «O goddess born! can sleep weigh down your eyes, + Clos'd to the dangers which around you vise? + Senseless!--the zephyrs waste their fav'ring breath, +700 While brooding in a soul resolv'd on death + Some black design, matures, some treach'rous blow, + Haste then and fly, while yet you've pow'r to go. + You'll see, if here you wait the morning ray, + The port block'd up, the shore to flames a prey. +705 Woman's a thing so variable and light! + Haste then away. He spoke and mix'd with night. + + Æneas trembling as the phantom flew, + Started from sleep, and rous'd the slumb'ring crew. + «Rise, rise, companions, each one to his oar; +710 Hoist ev'ry sail--a god sent down once more, + Impels our flight--Be quick--stand out to sea, + The cables cut. Great God, whoe'er you be + Thy words again exulting we obey. + Be present, rule our stars--direct our way +715 Propitious». He spoke, his whirling falchion drew, + The halser cut, the bark impatient flew, + All felt the impulse--dashing thro' the tide + They quit the shore, their barks the ocean hide; + The boiling wave their oars alternate sweep, +720 They bend, they pull, they cut the sounding deep. + + Now rising from Tithonius golden bed + Fresh beams of rosy light Aurora shed; + And as the scatter'd shades were pierc'd with grey, + The Queen from high beheld them under way, +725 Their swelling sail the fav'ring breezes bent, + The shore, the port, a lonely space present. + Oh then her lovely bosom in despair + She beat. Oh then she tore her flaxen hair. + «He's gone--Almighty heav'n, he's gone! she cries, +730 That wand'ring exile all my pow'r defies. + Arm, arm, my warriors--sally from the town; + Pursue the wretches--haul my gallies down; + Bring flaming brands, with sails with oars pursue. + --What have I said, alas! what would I do? +735 Where am I--and my mind what phrenzy leads! + Now Dido, now, you feel your impious deeds. + Then was the time, your sceptre when you shar'd. + O thou for faith, for piety rever'd! + This, this is he whose pious shoulders bore +740 His gods, his father, from the Trojan shore! + Why did I not those limbs to pieces tear, + Behold the waves, the bloody fragments bear, + Cut off his friends and sever'd with the sword, + Serve up Ascanius at his father's board! +745 His fortune might prevail--and so it might! + What has despair to fear--in Fortune's spite + I'd fire the fleet, the town, the son, the sire, + The race extinguish, and with joy expire. + «O Sun, whose beams all earthy deeds reveal, +750 Juno who know and witness what I feel, + Hecate whose howl the midnight hour affrights, + Gods of my parting soul--avenging sprites, + Accept my vow, my pray'r expiring hear; + The ills I bear are worthy of your ear». + +755 «If so the fates decree, if Jove command, + That, he accurst, shall reach th' Italian land, + There may he meet in arms, a warlike race, + There helpless rove, torn from his son's embrace, + His friends untimely end there let him feel; +760 For succour there to strangers meanly kneel; + And when for peace, ingloriously he sues, + His crown, his life, untimely may he lose, + And lie unburied on the naked shore; +765 With the last breath of life this pray'r I pour. + And you, my Tyrian friends--thro' times extent + On that curst race eternal hatred vent. + These gifts, these honors, let my ashes reap, + No peace, no treaty with that people keep. +770 Rise, rise some vast avenger from my tomb, + With fire with sword that Dardan breed consume. + Now and as long as Fate the pow'r shall lend, + May shore with shore--may wave with wave contend, + So prays my soul--let arms with arms engage, + And children's children war eternal wage. + +775 So Dido pray'd, while her distracted thought + To shun light's hated beams, impatient sought. + To Barce then, her husband's nurse, she said, + (Her own at Tyre, within the tomb was laid). + Go, Barce, go my sister hither bring +780 With water sprinkled from the sacred spring; + Bid her the victims lead, the rites prepare, + And you yourself a sacred fillet wear: + The rite began to Stygian Jove we'll end, + My cares shall vanish as the flames ascend, +785 His image wasting as the pyre consumes»; + She spoke--the step of age officious haste assumes. + + But now the ripen'd project chill'd her soul; + Thro' starting blood her eyeballs burning roll; + Her cheek convuls'd with spots of livid red, +790 All pale and ghastly, Death approaching spread. + Strait to the court with darting stop she bends, + With frantic haste the funeral pyle ascends, + And from the scabbard draws the Dardan blade. + (Sad gift, alas, for no such purpose made), +795 But when the bed, and Trojan vest she view'd; + That well known bed--she paus'd--and pensive stood. + Tears found their way--once more that bed she prest + As these last words her parting breath exprest. + «Dear pledges! yes!--while heaven allow'd it so? +800 Now take this soul---relieve me from this woe; + I've liv'd, whatever fortune gave is o'er; + No common shade I seek the dreary shore, + My walls arise, I leave a glorious state; + --Not unreveng'd I view'd my husband's fate; +805 Alas, too happy--had the envious gales, + To Lybia's coast, ne'er bent the Phrygian sails». + She ceas'd--and kiss'd again the fatal bed: + «--And must I die--and none avenge me dead? + Yes, yes! I die, since fate will have it so, + Thus, even thus, well pleas'd beneath the shades I go; +810 These rising flames his cruel eye shall meet, + A dreadful omen to attend his fleet»! + + With this they saw her falling on the sword; + Her blood along the reeking weapon pour'd, +815 Ran trickling down her hands.--Now horrid cries + Through all the palace all the town arise-- + Fame blows the deed--loud shouts from heav'n rebound, + And groans and yells and female shrieks resound, + As loud and shrill as if to foes a prey, +820 Carthage or ancient Tyre abandon'd lay, + And thro' the temples and abodes of man, + Fierce flames with undistinguish'd fury ran. + Her sister hears the tumult of despair, + She starts--she tears her breast, she reads her hair, +825 And wildly bursting thro' the gathering crowd, + Calls on her dying sister's name aloud: + Dido--Dear sister--how am I betray'd! + For this, these flames--this pyre, these shrines I made. + Oh what complaints for me forlorn suffice! +850 Could you, resolv'd to die, your friend despise, + Was I unworthy deem'd to share your end? + One pang our souls should free, one fate attend. + I call'd our gods--my hands these rites prepar'd; + You go without me, and our fate unshar'd? +835 Oh, sister! this sad deed has ruin'd all; + With you, your state, your friends, your sister fall. + --But pour the stream--I'll wash the blood away, + And if some ling'ring breath of life delay, + These lips shall catch it.--On the pyre she prest +840 Her sister, just expiring, to her breast; + She wip'd the blood--and Dido heard her cries, + And strove to raise in rain her languid eyes, + They clos'd again,--and babbling in the wound + The frothy blood hiss'd forth a horrid sound. +845 Thrice on her hand she lean'd to raise her head, + And thrice sank down unable on her bed; + Her eyes half fix'd, she open'd to the day, + And groan'd that stil they felt the vivid ray. + Till Juno who beheld her ling'ring death, +850 The painful agony of parting breath, + Sent Iris down in pity from the sky, + To free her soul, and loose the stubborn tye. + For since unclaim'd by Fate, before her day, + She fell to love forlorn a guiltless prey, +855 } To cut the tress, the queen of night delay'd, + } The flaxen hair that on her forehead stray'd, + } Nor yet consign'd her to the Stygian shade. + + Then Iris, going from the sunbeam drew + A thousand colours, varying as she flew; +860 Her dewy wing in liquid azure spread, + Dropt down the sky, and hov'ring o'er her head + «Pluto, this fated lock I bear to thee, + And from this body set the spirit free», + She said--Her fingers cut the flaxen hair, +865 The heat dissolv'd--the soul exhal'd in air. + + + * * * * * + + + + + THE + HENRIAD. + + + CANTO IX. + + + + ARGUMENT. + +Description of the Palace of Love.--Discord implores his aid to bend the +unconquerable courage of Henry IV.--Description of Gabrielle d'Etree. +Henry, passionately enamoured with her; quits his army, and loses the +advantages of his victory at Ivry. Mornay seeks him in his retreat, +tears him from the arms of his mistress, and restores him to his army. + + + WHERE fam'd Idalia's happy plains extend, + As Europe's bounds begin and Asia's end, + Stands an old palace, long by time rever'd; + The first rude plan the hand of nature rear'd; + 5 But soon, disdaining Nature's simple taste, + Intruding art the modest fabric grac'd. + + There vernal breezes fann'd the myrtle shade, + Soft odour breath'd, and beams unclouded play'd. + No tyrant winter e'er despoil'd the grove, + 10 Bid feather'd warblers end the note of love, + Or bound the murm'ring rill in icy chains. + Eternal verdure crown'd the blissful plains; + No labour Earth requir'd, no season knew, + Unbid by man her smiling harvest grew; + 15 Round mellow fruit, the timid blossom twin'd, + Gay Flora's bloom to rich Pomona join'd. + + Not wanton Nature when her reign began, + Such blessings lavish'd on her fav'rite man; + The thoughtless joy which from abundance flows, + 20 Days without care, and nights of calm repose: + All to delude the mind, to charm the sense, + All Eden e'er could boast,--but innocence. + + Sweet music wafted on the balmy breeze, + Invited languor and voluptuous ease, + 25 While am'rous lays in dulcet note proclaim + The lovers triumph, and the fair one's shame. + There to the laughing god in flow'rs array'd, + The graceful throng their daily homage paid; + There in his temple learn'd the fatal art, + 30 To please, seduce, and captivate the heart. + Young Hope, in flatt'ring smiles for ever gay, + To Love's mysterious altar leads the way: + The graces round, half veil'd and half in sight, + Enticing motion with their voice unite; + 35 While Indolence, luxurious laid along, + Listless and loit'ring, hears the tender song. + There, silent Myst'ry, with the veil she wears, + And eyes conversing with the soul, appears, + Attentive tender cares, attracting smiles, + 40 Gay sport and mirth, and all that thought beguiles. + Lascivious pleasures group'd with wanton ease; + And soft desires that more than pleasure please. + + Such the delightful entrance of the dome: + But onward if with guardless step you roam, + 45 And thro' the deep recess audacious pry, + What alter'd scenes of horror strike your eye! + No pleasures form'd in playful groupes invite, + No dulcet sounds the ravish'd ear delight; + 50 No tender cares:--- But in their place appear, + Sullen Complaint, and cloy'd Disgust, and Fear; + There, fever'd Jealousy with livid hue, + And falt'ring steps unwinds Suspicion's clew; + Arm'd with the blood-stain'd instruments of death, + There, Rage and Hatred spread their poison'd breath; + 55 While Malice, brooding over secret guile, + Repays their labour with a treach'rous smile; + Remorse, that never sleeps, brings up the rear, + Hates his own deed, and drops a barren tear. + There, Love, capricious child, had chose to reign, + 60 And pains and pleasures were his motely train; + Cruel and kind by turns, but ever blind, + The dear delight, the torment of mankind, + Thro' ev'ry camp, thro' ev'ry senate glides, + Commands the warrior, o'er the judge presides; + 65 Still welcome to the heart, he still deceives, + Pants in each bosom, thro' all nature lives. + + High on a throne of endless conquest vain, + Love bids the monarch drag his servile chain; + And glorying less to please, than to destroy, + 70 In scenes of woe exults with savage joy. + + Him, Discord sought, by Rage relentless led, + The timid pleasures knew the fiend and fled; + Her eyes were fire, fresh blood her forehead dy'd, + Around she whirl'd her flaming torch, and cry'd: + 75 «Why sleeps my brother o'er the poison'd dart? + His pow'r forgetting o'er the human heart? + Did ever Love the flames of Discord waft, + Or Discord's venom tinge Love's deadly shaft? + Did I for Love, bid madd'ning worlds engage? + 80 Rise then--avenge my insult, serve my rage; + Behold a conqu'ring king my pow'r defy! + Crush'd by his hand, behold my serpents die! + See dove-ey'd Mercy smiling by his side, + Thro' fields of civil rage his faithful guide; + 85 See to his standard ev'ry heart return, + While I my falling empire vainly mourn: + Let him, with her, obtain one conquest more, + Paris is his, and Discord's reign is o'er: + Her smiles will gild the triumph which he gains, + 90 Then what is left for me but hopeless chains! + But Love shall wind this torrent from its course, + And soil his glories in their limpid sourse; + Spite of the virtues which adorn his mind, + In am'rous chains that haughty spirit bind. + 95 Can you forget what heroes once you charm'd, + Whom at her feet fair Omphale disarm'd? + Whose purple sail before Augustus flew, + Who lost the world for Egypt's queen and you? + To these proud trophies Henry's name unite, +100 Beneath your myrtle all his laurels blight: + You serve yourself, when you my throne maintain, + For Lore and Discord must together reign». + So spoke the monster, and the vault around + Trembling, threw back on Earth the deadly sound. + +105 Love heard, and answ'ring with a doubtful smile, + Where half was sweetness, half insidious guile, + His golden quiver o'er his shoulder threw, + And gliding soft thro' yielding azure flew. + Pleasure, the graces, and unthinking sport, +110 Born by the Zephyr, were his wanton court. + + Pois'd on his even wing, he look'd with joy + On Simois, and the plain where once was Troy; + A smile the triumph of his heart betray'd, + To view the mighty ruin Love had made. +115 On Venice, long were bent his partial eyes, + Thro' the blue main where gilded domes arise: + Old Neptune saw them pierce the curling wave, + Own'd the audacious conquest,--and forgave. + To fam'd Sicilia next his flight he bends, +120 Stoops on the purple pinion, and descends + Where he himself inspir'd the Mantuan swain, + And taught Theocritus his tender strain; + There, Fame reports, by ways unknown, he led + The am'rous stream to Arethusa's bed. +125 Then on the downy sail he sought Vaucluse, + Retreat of Petrarch's love and Petrarch's muse; + Fond Echo yet remember's Laura's name; + And what she gave in love repays in fame. + Eure's winding shores his fond attention draw, +130 Where Love's own work, Anet's proud dome he saw; + The fretted ceiling, Henry's cypher grac'd, + By Love himself with fair Diana's plac'd. + The graces dropt a crystal tear, and threw + Around her urn fresh roses as they flew. + +135 His wing at length on Ivry's plain he clos'd, + Where Bourbon's thunder for a lime repos'd; + But while the native of the wood he chas'd, + The manly sport war's dreadful image trac'd. + Love spread his chains, and sharp'ning ev'ry dart, +140 Inhuman pleasure bounded in his heart. + + «Arise ye winds,» he cried, «the storm prepare, + Collect the pregnant clouds, and dim the air; + The hanging torrent from their bosom pour, + Bid forked lightening fly, and thunders roar». +145 Too soon the blust'ring slaves his will obey'd + Their dusky pinions spread a moving shade; + } O'er the bright scene, dark low'ring mist they drove, + } The languid beam with night usurping strove, + } Pale Nature wept the change and knew the work of Love. + +150 Benighted and alone, the king pursu'd + A light that glimmer'd thro' the distant wood: + Love whirl'd his torch, and cast the treach'rous ray, + Like earth-born vapours glitt'ring to betray: + Which lead the trav'ller to the fatal brink, +155 Then leave him to his wretched doom and link. + + Fate so decreed it--in this lonely spot, + Retreat and calm, a noble fair one sought; + Far from the tumult of contending arms, + A solitary castle hid her charms, +160 Her tender form from all mankind conceal'd, + While war detain'd her father in the field. + But while his sov'reign's toil the vet'ren shar'd, + His lovely child the fost'ring graces rear'd. + D'Etree (that name the favour'd mortal bore), +165 Of ev'ry, charm exhausted Nature's store. + Not on Eurota's bank, so beauteous shone + The faithless partner of the Spartan throne; + Not she who conquer'd, whom the world obey'd, + On Cydnus when in pomp of charms array'd, +170 Mortals deceiv'd, in awful rapture gaz'd, + And incense to the present goddess blaz'd. + Scarce had she gain'd the charming dang'rous years, + A pow'r too sure, when rising passion bears. + Pure as heav'ns image in the crystal deep, +175 Ere clouds arise, when wanton zephyrs sleep, + Her breast for love and gen'rous feeling form'd, + No sigh had heav'd, no tender passion warm'd. + + In vain the treasures of the budding rose, + From am'rous gales their modest folds enclose; +180 As vernal suns each timid charm display, + They yield, and blushing, own the genial ray. + + Love, treacherous god, still fertile in deceit, + Long sought the maid, yet seem'd by chance to meet. + A shepherd's boy he came, in outward shew, +185 His back no quiver bore, his hand no bow: + Careless he cried,--but so that she might hear, + «See Ivry's hero thro' our grove appear! + See Henry comes!» The voice of Love conveys + A secret wish to see him, and to please: +190 A conscious blush diffus'd a livelier hue, + Love felt the charm, and glory'd in the view. + Sure of his triumph with such beauty's aid, + Full in the monarch's sight he plac'd the maid. + Around her dress he threw that careless air, +195 It seem'd what Nature's self would choose to wear; + Her auburn locks in easy tresses play'd, + Now hid her snowy neck, and now betray'd; + No muse can paint what playful zephyr show'd, + Nor tell the charm that modesty bestow'd: +200 Not the stiff airs that prudish virtue arm, + The foes of love, the bane of ev'ry charm: + Sweet, bashful grace, that bends the timid eye, + Spreads o'er the glowing cheek a heav'nly dye, + With soft respect extatic rapture blends, +205 And heavn's pure bliss to Love triumphant lends. + + But Love does more: for Love what pow'r can bound? + A charm invincible he calls around, + Their tender boughs enchanted myrtles spread, + Rise thro' the earth and wave their taper head: +210 Deluded mortals seek the tempting shades, + The secret charm their languid sense invades, + Around, a stream in lulling manner flows, + Of deep forgetfulness, of soft repose; + Bound in the chain no more they seek to move; +215 Fame, honor, duty, what are you to Love? + Here all alike the sweet delusion share, + And breathe delicious poison with the air. + All whispers love, the birds on ev'ry spray + Prolong the kiss, and swell the am'rous lay; +220 The hardy swain, who with the peep of dawn, + Jocund and careless sought the russet lawn, + Heaves as he goes involuntary sighs; + Unusual troubles in his breast arise, + Beat in his pulse, his loit'ring feet retain; +225 Neglected lye the treasures of the plain: + The same soft charm the trembling maid deceives, + The herd forgot, the sheaf unbound she leaves. + How could d'Etree with such a pow'r contest! + A god invincible her soul possest. +230 In vain, alas! that fatal day she strove, + With youth, with glory, with her heart and love. + In rain a rising voice in Henry's breast, + Back to his ranks the love-lost hero prest; + A pow'r unseen repell'd the gen'rous thought, +235 His virtue vainly in himself he sought; + His soul empassion'd, deaf to honor's call, + Could hear but love, d'Etree possess'd it all. + + Meanwhile his chiefs, impatient on the plain, + His absence mourn'd, and sought their king in vain; +240 A thousand dangers for his life appear'd, + For Henry's fame what danger could be fear'd? + No hope of victory the troops inspir'd, + Lost was their ardor when their chief retir'd. + Still the good genius of the realm was near, +245 To cheer their courage, to dispel their fear. + Summon'd by Lewis, from the realm of light + Downward the spirit shap'd his rapid flight, + Around this earthly planet cast his eyes, + To find below a mortal truly wise. +250 Not in the noisy school, or silent cell + Where pray'r, and meagre fast, and study dwell; + Amid the tumult of the martial train, + With rest and conquest flush'd, on Ivry's plain, + Where Calvin's banners to the sky were rear'd, +255 The man he sought, the real sage appear'd: + Mornay was he.--Heav'n form'd the man, to show + That Reason's light may guide us here below; + Plato her voice, and good Aurelius heard, + She led the Pagan right, when Christian's err'd. + +260 Such modest candour temper'd manly sense, + When Mornay censur'd, none could take offense; + For truth by him, in winning form convey'd, + Was but the virtue which his life display'd. + Still lean'd his heart the faults of men to bear, +265 While reason told him, all men had their share; + But mid surrounding vices ever pure, + Nor ease nor pleasure could his soul allure. + As thro' the bosom of the briny tide, + Thy limpid waters Arethusa glide, +270 And yet unsully'd by the neighb'ring deep, + Unmix'd and pure their spotless tenor keep. + + By friendship guided, gen'rous Mornay came + Where loiter'd Henry, mindless of his fame; +275 The artful god prolong'd the am'rous trance, + And in her hero rul'd the fate of France. + No sameness there the varied bliss destroy'd, + No languor chill'd, no forward pleasure cloy'd; + Each wish attain'd, another wish inspires; +280 Each new enjoyment led to new desires: + Such vary'd ways to please, love taught d'Etree, + Nor time nor habit stole one charm away. + The god with anger blushing as he view'd + Mornay and wisdom on his reign intrude: + Turn'd with revengeful instinct to his dart, +285 And aim'd the deadly shaft at Mornay's heart. + His anger and his arms the sage defy'd, + His breast the bounding arrow turn'd aside: + Impatient for the monarch's lonely hour, + He rov'd indignant thro' th' enchanted bow'r. + +290 Where silver streams a myrtle grove inclose, + The veil that timid love and mystry chose, + With all her charms d'Etree her lover blest: + Now flames consume, now languor fills his breast; + Soft drops of pleasure glisten'd in their eyes, +295 Voluptuous tear that love knows how to prize; + No coy reserve the burning bliss restrain'd, + Fond passion, prodigal of pleasure, reign'd; + While Love's mute eloquence their lips employ, + Short sighs and gentle murmurs speak their joy: +300 Their panting hearts with glowing transport swell, + Which love alone inspires, alone can tell. + + Young pleasures sporting in luxurious ease, + And infant Cupid's on his amour seize; + Some dragg'd the bloody cuirass o'er the ground, +305 Or from his thigh, the pond'rous blade unbound; + Some from the casque the crystal torrent pour'd, + To wash the crimson spot that stain'd the sword, + And laugh as in their feeble hand they wield + The crown's support, the terror of the field. +310 Discord, who view'd him with insulting spite, + In savage accents utter'd fierce delight; + Rous'd up the league, the happy moment prest, + Reviv'd her serpents drooping in her breast; + And while the monarch languished in repose, +315 Blew the shrill blast, that gathered all his foes. + + A conscious blush on Henry's forehead glow'd + As Mornay met him in the soft abode: + Silent at first, the mutual look they fear'd, + But in that silence all the mind appear'd: +320 And Mornay's eye to Henry's soul convey'd, + How wide from virtue and from fame he stray'd. + + The gentlest touch of blame we scarce endure, + How oft we loose the friend we mean to cure; + But Henry thus:--«My friend, be ever dear, +325 Who speaks of virtue most be welcome here; + Come to my heart, which yet for glory burns; + My fame, my spirit, with my friend returns; + Away the sweets of vile ignoble rest! + The soft delusion which my soul possest! +330 Far be the slave enamour'd of his chains; + The last great conquest o'er myself remains: + Glory beams forth--and love no more shall sway. + The blood of Spain shall wash the stain away». + + «There», Mornay cried,« the monarch's voice I own; +335 There spoke the guardian of the Gallic throne: + Love thus subdu'd, adds lustre to your state; + Blest who ne'er feels it,--but who conquers, great». + + As Henry's lip pronounc'd the last forewel, + What advers passions in his soul rebel? +340 Full of the beauty he adores and flies, + He blames the tear, yet tears still fill his eyes: + Now Mornay calls, now tender love retains; + He goes, returns, and going still remains: + But when she languish'd in his last embrace, +345 Colour and life forsook her lovely face, + A sudden night obsur'd her radiant eyes: + The God beheld--air echo'd with his cries; + He trembled that the envious shades of night + Should rob his empire of a nymph so bright, +350 And quench for ever 'mid th' unfeeling dead, + The flame those heav'nly eyes were form'd to spread; + He prest the drooping beauty in his arms; + With gentle sound recall'd her faded charms; + Her eyes half open'd, sought her love in vain, +355 His name she sigh'd, and dropp'd their lids again. + To life, to love, the god recall'd the fair, + And bid young Hope repeat the tender pray'r. + But Mornay's soul, nor grief, nor beauty move, + Virtue and glory triumph over love: +360 The vanquish'd God, with sullen shame withdrew, + And far from Anet's domes indignant flew. + + +FINIS. + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and +the Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad, by Virgil and Voltaire + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VIRGIL AND VOLTAIRE *** + +***** This file should be named 20144-8.txt or 20144-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/0/1/4/20144/ + +Produced by Zoran Stefanovic, Rénald Lévesque and the +Online Distributed Proofreaders Europe at +http://dp.rastko.net. This file was produced from images +generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale +de France (BnF/Gallica) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/20144-8.zip b/20144-8.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..d60f245 --- /dev/null +++ b/20144-8.zip diff --git a/20144-h.zip b/20144-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..99da83e --- /dev/null +++ b/20144-h.zip diff --git a/20144-h/20144-h.htm b/20144-h/20144-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8edc2df --- /dev/null +++ b/20144-h/20144-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2168 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> + +<!DOCTYPE html + PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd" > + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta content="pg2html (binary v0.17)" name="linkgenerator" /> + <title> + The Fourth Book of Virgil's Æneid, by The Translator of the Henriad. + </title> + <style type="text/css" xml:space="preserve"> + body { margin:5%; background:#faebd0; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .75em; margin-bottom: .75em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } + hr { width: 50%; text-align: center;} + .foot { margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 80%; font-style: italic;} + blockquote {font-size: 97%; font-style: italic; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + .mynote {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; padding: .5em; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 95%;} + .toc { margin-left: 10%; margin-bottom: .75em;} + .toc2 { margin-left: 20%;} + .xx-small {font-size: 60%;} + .x-small {font-size: 75%;} + .small {font-size: 85%;} + .large {font-size: 115%;} + .x-large {font-size: 130%;} + .indent5 { margin-left: 5%;} + .indent10 { margin-left: 10%;} + .indent15 { margin-left: 15%;} + .indent20 { margin-left: 20%;} + .indent25 { margin-left: 25%;} + .indent30 { margin-left: 30%;} + .indent35 { margin-left: 35%;} + .indent40 { margin-left: 40%;} + div.fig { display:block; margin:0 auto; text-align:center; } + div.middle { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; } + .figleft {float: left; margin-left: 0%; margin-right: 1%;} + .figright {float: right; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 1%;} + .pagenum {position: absolute; right: 1%; font-size: 0.6em; + font-variant: normal; font-style: normal; + text-align: right; background-color: #FFFACD; + border: 1px solid; padding: 0.3em;text-indent: 0em;} + .side { float: left; font-size: 75%; width: 15%; padding-left: 0.8em; + border-left: dashed thin; text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; + font-weight: bold; color: black; background: #eeeeee; border: solid 1px;} + .head { float: left; font-size: 90%; width: 98%; padding-left: 0.8em; + border-left: dashed thin; text-align: center; + text-indent: 0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; + font-weight: bold; color: black; background: #eeeeee; border: solid 1px;} + p.pfirst, p.noindent {text-indent: 0} + span.dropcap { float: left; margin: 0 0.1em 0 0; line-height: 0.8 } + pre { font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; font-size: 110%; margin-left: 10%;} +</style> + </head> + <body> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and the +Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad, by Virgil and Voltaire + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and the Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad + +Author: Virgil and Voltaire + +Translator: Anonymous + +Release Date: December 20, 2006 [EBook #20144] +Last Updated: September 4, 2018 + + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VIRGIL AND VOLTAIRE *** + + + + +Etext produced by Zoran Stefanovic, Rénald Lévesque and the +Online Distributed Proofreaders Europe at +http://dp.rastko.net. This file was produced from images +generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale +de France (BnF/Gallica) + +HTML file produced by David Widger + + + + +</pre> + <div style="height: 8em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h1> + THE FOURTH BOOK of VIRGIL'S ÆNEID, + </h1> + <h3> + and + </h3> + <h1> + THE NINTH BOOK of VOLTAIRE'S HENRIAD. + </h1> + <h4> + Translated into English verse with a view of comparison between the Latin, + French, and English poetry. + </h4> + <h2> + By the Translator of the HENRIAD. + </h2> + <h4> + PARIS: PRINTED BY CH. CRAPELET. + </h4> + <h3> + 1804. + </h3> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + <b>CONTENTS</b> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0001"> TO MONSIEUR DELILLE. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_PREF"> PREFACE. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0003"> ARGUMENT. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0004"> THE FOURTH BOOK OF VIRGIL'S ÆNEID, </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0005"> THE HENRIAD. CANTO IX. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2H_4_0006"> ARGUMENT. </a> + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0001" id="link2H_4_0001"> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + TO MONSIEUR DELILLE. + </h2> + <p> + SIR, + </p> + <p> + After reading with infinite pleasure your masterly translations of Virgil, + I have been led into a train of reflection on the mechanism of words, and + on the manners, the ideas, and pursuits of Nations in as much as they + frequently give rise to the difference of character which we remark in + their language. Few literary discussions would I think be more curious + than an impartial comparative enquiry of this kind. + </p> + <p> + Not only have the easy elegance and courtly air of your verses displayed + the French tongue in these respects worthy of your original; but have + inclined me to think that they have raised it near the highest pitch of + perfection of which it is at present capable, in the translation of a + Latin poet. After two brillant ages of literature the French language did + not, till you appeared, possess one translation of the great masterpieces + of antiquity, which might fairly be said to have attained the rank of a + classical work: while the English had been long enriched with such + translations of most of them, as will like yours, in all probability share + the immortality of their originals. In the cloud of critics which superior + lustre necessarily attracts, many perhaps were not sufficiently aware of + the peculiar difficulties of your undertaking, from the nature of the + materials which you had to employ, and some not candid enough to compare + the work which you have raised out of them, with what they had hitherto + been made to produce. + </p> + <p> + That the English language might be so managed as to surpass the French in + expression of strong sentiments, in boldness of imagery, in harmony and + variety of versification I will not be sufficiently hardy to assert. The + universality of the latter must be admitted as a strong presumption of its + general excellency. Yet I cannot help wishing, that some pen worthy to be + compared with Monsieur Delille's would give the world an opportunity of + judging whether the former may not have some pretensions to superiority in + the instances which I have mentioned. + </p> + <p> + Besides the length of time which has elapsed since the production of + Dryden's translation, you will recollect with a sigh, as I do, his own + expression: «What Virgil wrote in the vigor of age, in plenty and at ease, + I have undertaken to translate,» says Dryden, «in my declining years, + struggling with want, oppressed with sickness, curbed in my genius, liable + to be misunderstood in all I write.—What I now offer is the wretched + remainder of a sickly age, worn out by study and oppressed by Fortune»! + </p> + <p> + It might not therefore be deemed sufficient to compare a work, produced + under such disadvantages, in the seventeenth century, (notwithstanding the + extraordinary powers of its author) with what is now becoming the + admiration of the nineteenth. Much less, sir, will it be just or candid to + suppose me capable of publishing my feeble attempt with any view of + comparison as to the merit of the performance.—Should it be asked, + what then could have been my inducement?—First, if I am fortunate + enough to excite others more capable than myself to try again the + comparative force of English language in a new translation, as you have + just shown how much can be done in French, I shall have obtained the + utmost bounds of my ambition. + </p> + <p> + Secondly, I am happy to acknowledge the pleasure which I felt an employing + some long moments of leisure, on a subject wherein your genius had taken + such delight: I hove chosen the fourth book as that which I have had the + good fortune of hearing in your own verses, with all the charms of your + own recitation; and have pursued this occupation. + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + Non ita certandi cupidus, quam propter amorem + Quod te imitari aveo—— +</pre> + <p> + I have the honor to be with great respect, Your most obedient humble + servant, + </p> + <h3> + P. L. + </h3> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <a name="link2H_PREF" id="link2H_PREF"> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + PREFACE. + </h2> + <p> + The motives and design of this attempt are sufficiently explained in the + foregoing address, the ideas which gave rise to it have been confirmed and + enlarged in its progress. As some apology for them, it may not be improper + to observe here, that the English language seems to owe a great portion of + that energy for which it is remarked, to the old Anglo Saxon idiom, which + still forms its basis. It was enriched and softened by the introduction of + the French, though some are of opinion that most of its foreign words, + were adopted immediately from the Latin and not from any modern tongue: + and this opinion is corroborated by the observation, that, during more + than a century after the conquest, very little mixture of French is + perceivable in the style of English authors. Be that as it may, it is + certain that the constant attention of its earliest writers to the Greek + and Latin models, though sometimes carried to excess, has added grace, + variety, and extent to its construction. Sir Thomas Brown who wrote his <i>Pseudodoxia + Epidemica</i>, or Enquiry into Vulgar Errors, about the middle of the + seventeenth century, and whose style is still much commended, says in his + preface to that interesting work: «I confess that the quality of the + subject, will sometimes carry us into expressions beyond meer English + apprehensions. And indeed if elegancy of style proceedeth, and English + pens maintain that stream we have of late observed to flow from many, we + shall, in a few years, be fain to learn Latin to understand English, and a + work will prove of equal facility in either». Milton, both in his verse + and prose, has carried this affectation to such a degree, as not only to + be frequently beyond a meer English apprehension, but even beyond that of + an ordinary proficient in the learned languages. Yet, so far were these + innovations from being considered as prejudicial, that one of the most + admired writers of our days, Dr. Johnson, did not scruple to confess, that + he formed his style upon the model of Sir Thomas Brown. The great number + of excellent translations which were constantly appearing through all its + progressive stages of improvement, must naturally have given the language + a classical turn. It is scarcely possible that a work so extensive, and so + universally read, as Pope's admirable translation of Homer, should not + leave some gloss of grecism upon the idiom into which so many of its + greatest beauties had been transfused. At the same time the early and + proud independence of the middle orders of people in England, prevented + them from conforming their language, their manners, or their sentiments to + the model of a court. Whereby if their expression did not acquire + politeness from that quarter, it did not loose any of its strength. While + the energy which their language is allowed to possess is the old + inheritance of their Anglo Saxon ancestors, whatever elegance it may have + acquired, is derived rather from Athens and Rome than from St. James's.—The + varied and extended occupations of a maritime and commercial people have + increased the fund from which imagery in discourse is drawn, and as all + occupations in such a nation are deemed honorable, no metaphor is rejected + as ignoble that is apt and expressive. + </p> + <p> + A number of ideas conveyed by monosyllables gives great force and + conciseness, but leaves the poet frequently to struggle with the harshness + of sound; nevertheless those who are conversant with English poetry will + have perceived that this difficulty is not always insuperable. The + different accentuation of the old Anglo Saxon words, with those adopted + from other tongues, affords uncommon variety and emphasis to the numbers + of English verse. The measure commonly used in poetry of a higher style is + of ten syllables, as that in French is of twelve. Three English verses of + ten syllables generally contain nearly the same number of syllables as two + Latin or Greek hexameters, but are in most instances capable of conveying + more ideas, especially in translating from Greek which abounds so much in + what seem to us expletive particles. The <i>cæsura</i>, or pause is not + invariably fixed on the same syllable of the verse, as in French; in the + choice and variety of its position, consists the chief art of appropriate + harmony. Accentuation of syllables, which seems, to answer the idea of + long and short syllables in the dead languages, is the foundation of + English, metre.—Tripple rhymes used with judgment have been admitted + by the best English poets, and now and then the introduction of an + Alexandrine, or verse of six feet. + </p> + <p> + Though blank verse has still many admirers, the English ear is grown + remarkably delicate as to the consonance of rhymes; Dryden and Pope have + used many, which would not now be received. Masculine and feminine rhymes + are unknown in English. As the character of a language appears to be the + result of all the affections of the people who speak it, it did not seem + foreign to this design to compare the manner in which two such great + genius's as Virgil and Voltaire, have treated the same subject, and to + place the loves of Henry and Gabrielle in comparison with those of Æneas + and Dido. The elegance, the delicacies, the nicest touches of refined + gallantry come admirably forward with the brillant colouring, the light + and graceful pencil of Voltaire. The verse seems to flow from his pen + without effort into its natural channel, and some of his descriptions + would not loose by a comparison; but perhaps he has let it be seen, that + it would not be so easy a task to convey in the same language the + exquisite and deep strokes of passion, which the Roman master has left to + the admiration of the universe. To which of these styles the English and + the French languages are most fitted, and how far they may be made to + succeed in both, is one of the objects of an inquiry which this + undertaking was intended to promote. + </p> + <p> + Whatever can be said by way of comment on the fourth book of the Æneid has + been so often repeated, and is so easily to be met with, that it was + thought needless to add any notes to this new translation. The few + instances in which there may appear some difference in the interpretation + of the original are scarce worth noticing. One perhaps may appear to + require some apology; most of the translators of Virgil have represented + Dido under the most violent impression of rage in her first speech to + Æneas. Whereas it would seem that the situation of her mind is meant to be + described before she addresses him, rather as wild and frantic with doubt + and fear, than actuated by rage. Whatever anger she may feel, is yet so + much tempered by love and hope, that she breaks out, not into the language + of rage, but of the most tender expostulation, the most lively interest in + his own welfare, the most pathetic painting of her feelings and situation. + It is a beautiful appeal to love, to honor, and to pity. Not till after + his cold answer, does she burst into all the violence of rage, of + contempt, and of despair. This gradation has often been remarked as a + principal beauty. As some excuse for the coldness of Æneas which takes + away so much of the interest of the poem, Virgil is careful to recoil + continually to our attention, that he is acting under the impulse of the + divinity. Such has been the constant practice of the ancients to prevent + our disgust, for the action which they represent. In Orestes and Phoedra + it is the excuse of the violence of passion, in Æneas of that coldness + which we find it so difficult to forgive, but which in this point of view + we shall be inclined to pity. + </p> + <p> + While these sheets were in the press MONSIEUR DELILLE has given the world + another proof of the powers of his mind, and displayed the French language + to vast advantage, in a more arduous strain of poetry that it had yet + attempted. The perspicuity for which it has always been remarked, and to + which it owes its charms in conversation as perhaps also the dificulty + with which it is adapted to works of poetical imagination, is strongly + exemplified in his translation of Paradise Lost. If he has not always been + able to make the french idiom bear him through the ætherial regions in + which the daring wing of Milton's muse soars with so sublime a flight, he + has descended not without dignity to the sphere of human understanding. + And I believe it may be safely advanced, that it will be easier for + ordinary capacities, even among English readers, to understand the work of + Milton, in this translation than in the original. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0003" id="link2H_4_0003"> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ARGUMENT. + </h2> + <p> + Æneas, after escaping from the destruction of Troy and a long series of + adventures by sea and land, is driven by a storm raised by the hatred of + Juno on the coast of Affrica, where he is received by Dido, in the new + town of Carthage, which she was building, after her flight from the + cruelty of her brother in law Pigmalion, who had murdered her husband + Sicheus.—Venus dreading for her son Æneas, the influence of Juno + upon the mind of Dido, makes Cupid assume the forme of his child Julus or + Ascanius, and raise in the bosom of the Queen the most ungovernable + passion for Æneas. The fourth book begins by Dido's confessing her + weakness to her sister Anna, who gives her many plausible reasons for + indulging it, and advices her to make her peace with heaven and marry her + lover. Juno, finding herself outwitted by Venus and her favourite Dido + irrecoverably in love, accosts Venus first in a sarcastic tone but + afterwards in very persuasive language, endeavours in her turn to deceive + her, by obtaining her content to the marriage, by which means to frustrate + the fates which promised the empire of the world to the descendants of + Æneas in Italy. Venus, aware of the deceit, appears in a very + complimentary style to give into it, and consents to her projects. While + the Tyrian princess and the Trojan are hunting in a forest Juno sends down + a violent storm, and the Queen and Æneas take shelter alone in a dark + cavern.—There Juno performed the nuptial rite and the passion of + Dido was reconciled to her conscience.—Fame soon spreads the report + of this alliance.—Iarba, one of Dido's suitors, hears of it and + addresses an angry prayer to Jupiter Ammon from whom he was descended. + Jove sends down Mercury to order Æneas to leave Carthage. Dido endeavours + to make him alter this terrible resolution, falls into the most violent + paroxism of rage at his cold refusal, again melts into tenderness, employs + her sister to prevail upon Æneas, at least, to wait till the wintry storms + were past. All is in vain, and Dido resolved to die, deceives her sister + with an idea of magic rites to get rid of her passion—and persuades + her to raise a funeral pyle in her palace, Æneas a second time admonished + by Mercury sets sail; when Dido, at the break of day, beholds his vessels + out of reach she again bursts into a violent fit of passion, but soon + sinks into despair.—Accuses her sister's fatal kindness, upbraids + herself with her infidelity to the memory of Sicheus, vents the most + dreadful imprecations against Æneas and the Romans, who were to be his + ascendants, bequeaths all her hatred to her subjects, than relaxes into a + momentary tenderness at the sight of the nuptial bed, the cloaths and + pictures of Æneas which she had placed on the funeral pyre, and at last + puts an end to her life with the sword of her faithless lover. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0004" id="link2H_4_0004"> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + THE FOURTH BOOK OF VIRGIL'S ÆNEID, + </h2> + <h3> + TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH VERSE. + </h3> + <p> + <b> </b> + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + While Dido, now with rising cares opprest, + Indulg'd the pain; the flame within her breast + In silence prey'd, and burn'd in every vein. + Fix'd in her heart, his voice, his form remain; + 5 Still would her thought the Hero's fame retrace, + Her fancy feed upon his heav'nly race: + Care to her wearied frame gives no repose, + Her anxious night no balmy slumber knows; + And scarce the morn, in purple beams array'd, + 10 Chas'd from the humid pole the ling'ring shade, + Her sister, fond companion of her thought, + Thus in the anguish of her soul she sought. + Dear Anna, tell me, why this broken rest? + What mean these boding thoughts? who is this guest, + 15 This lovely stranger that adorns our court? + How great his mein! and what a godlike port! + It must be true, no idle voice of Fame, + From heav'n, I'm sure, such forms, such virtue came. + } Degenerate spirits are by fear betray'd, + 20 } His soul, alas, what fortunes have essay'd; + } What feats of war!—and in what words convey'd! + Were it not fix'd, determin'd in my mind, + That me no more the nuptial tye shall bind, + Since Death deceiv'd the first fond flame I knew: + 25 Were Hymen's rites less odious to my view, + To this one fault perhaps I might give way; + For must I own it? Anna since the day + Sicheus fell, (that day a brother's guilt, + A brother's blood upon our altars spilt); + 30 He, none but he, my feelings could awake, + Or with one doubt my wav'ring bosom shake. + Yes! these are symptoms of my former flame; + But sooner thro' her very inmost frame, + May gaping Earth my sinking feet betray; + 35 Jove's light'ning blast me from this vital ray + To Hell's pale shade, and Night's eternal reign, + Ere, sacred Honor, I thy rite profane. + Oh, no! to whom my virgin faith I gave, + "Twas his, and his remains within the grave". + + 40 She ceas'd—but down her bosom gush'd her tears. + "O dearer than the genial ray that cheers", + Her sister cry'd, shall lonely grief consume, + Lost to the joys of love your beauties bloom, + Lost to the joys, maternal feelings share? + 45 Do shades for this, do buried ashes care? + That new in grief no lover should succeed, + Tyrians in vain, in vain Iarba plead; + That every chief of Afric's wide domain, + In triumphs proud, should learn to sue in vain; + 50 'Twas well; but why a mutual flame withstand? + Can you forget who owns this hostile land? + Unconquer'd Getulans your walls surround, + The Syri untam'd, the wild Numidian bound. + Thro' the wide desert fierce Barceans roam: + 55 Why need I mention from our former home, + The deadly war, a brother's threats prepare? + For me, I think, that Juno's fost'ring care, + Some god auspicious, rais'd the winds that bore + Those Phrygian vessels to our Lybian shore. + 60 Their godlike chief should happy Dido wed, + How would her walls ascend, her empire spread? + Join'd by the arms of Troy, with such allies, + Think to what height will Punic glory rise. + Win but the gods, their sacred off'rings pay; + 65 Detain your guest; invent some fond delay. + See low'ring tempests o'er the ocean ply, + The shatter'd vessels, the inclement sky». + + Each word that dropt inflam'd her burning mind, + And all her wav'ring soul to love inclin'd; + 70 New gleams of hope in Dido's bosom play, + And Honor's bright idea fades away. + + Fain would the sisters now, by gift and pray'r, + With heav'n seduc'd, the conscious error share. + At ev'ry shrine, the fav'ring gods to gain, + 75 In order due are proper victims slain; + To Ceres, Bacchus, and the God of Light, + And Juno most, who tends the nuptial rite. + Herself the goblet lovely Dido bears, + Her graceful arm the sacred vessel rears; + 80 And where the horns above the forehead join, + Upon the snow-white heifer pours the wine: + Before the god with awful grace she bows, + Moves round the altar rich with daily vows, + Hangs o'er the victim, in its bosom pries, + 85 And through the breathing entrail darts her eyes. + Vain cares, alas! and rites too fondly paid! + The tortur'd soul, can vows, can altars aid? + Weak boast of priests, and ineffectual pray'rs! + In her own heart, unknown, her fate she bears. + 90 The pleasing flame upon her vitals feeds, + The silent wound within her bosom bleeds. + + She raves, she burns, and with uncertain mind, + Roams o'er the town; roams like the wounded hind, + Whom in the woods, unconscious of his deed, + 95 The hunter pierc'd, and left the trembling reed; + O'er woods, o'er quaries, from the pain she springs, + While in her flank the deadly arrow clings. + } So with Æneas love-sick Dido strays, + 100 } Points to her town, her Tyrian wealth displays, + } While ev'ry look her longing soul betrays; + And fain her lips would tell the fond desire, + But scarce begun—the trembling words expire: + —When later hours convivial pleasure bring, + Then back to Troy, her thoughts impatient spring, + 105 The well known story still enchants her ears, + She hangs enamour'd on each word she hears: + But when the moon with paler splendor glows, + When stars descending counsel sweet repose, + In the deserted hall, alone she mourns; + 110 Each word, each look, upon her soul returns, + She sees him absent, hears him o'er again, + Presses the happy couch where he had lain; + Or with the father's rising form beguil'd, + Deludes her flame, and clasps the lovely child. + 115 Each other care her burning thoughts refuse, + In arms no more her Tyrian youth she views; + No spreading moles the boistrous tide command; + The tow'rs, the forts, begun, unfinish'd stand: + The mighty structure threat'ning from on high + 120 Hangs interrupted—all inactive lie + Unbrac'd,—the vast machines that thro' the air, + Lab'ring, the pond'rous mass, aloft, suspended bear. + + When Juno view'd the tumult in her breast, + That Fame with Passion could no more contest, + She sought the Cyprian queen, «What praise, what fame» + 126 She cried, «what glorious triumph you may claim, + What high renown, for you and for your son! + Two mighty gods—one woman have undone! + I'm not deceiv'd, I know what jealous hate + 130 Our rising walls and Punic pow'r create; + To what extreme, what purpose will it tend? + Why may not peace and nuptial union end + This dire debate?——You've gain'd your utmost aim; + Thro' every fibre Dido feels the flame; + 135 She doats, she burns;—then let the nuptial rite, + At once the people, and the chiefs, unite, + And both the nations be alike our care; + The sceptre let the Phrygian husband bear, + And take my Tyrians for the nuptial dow'r». + + 140 Venus who saw how much the Latian pow'r; + The promised empire in the Trojan line + Alarm'd the goddess, felt her false design, + But smiling said, «Who madly would refuse + Such offers—and eternal warfare choose? + 145 Would Fortune friendly on our project wait. + But doubts within my mind arise, if Fate + And Jove allow, that, with the sons of Troy, + The Tyrian race one empire should enjoy, + The people mingled, and their rites combin'd. + 150 'Tis yours; his queen, to try the thund'rer's mind; + Mine to obey»—«Be that my care,» replied + Jove's sister Queen—«Now hear what I provide: + To-morrow, when the rising lamp of day + Shoots o'er the humid orb its golden ray, + 155 Unhappy Dido and her guest of Troy + Together in the woods the chase enjoy, + When ev'ry mind is on the sport intent, + From gather'd clouds with livid light'ning rent, + Of rain and pelting hail, a horrid show'r, + 160 With peals of thunder on their heads I'll poor: + All fly the storm, and in one dark retreat, + The Trojan hero, and the Queen shall meet; + There will I be; there if unchang'd your mind, + Shall Hymen's chain at once the lovers bind». + + 165 The Queen of love perceiv'd her false intent, + Smil'd at the smooth deceit, and bow'd assent. + + Aurora now her wat'ry couch forsakes, + The chosen youth her earliest beam awakes, + The bounding steed, the highly scented hound, + 170 Nets, toils, and spears, the palace court surround. + A favour'd band within the royal gate, + The Queen who still delay'd, respectful wait. + In purple trapping, burnish'd gold array'd, + Proud on the foaming bit, her courser play'd; + 175 She comes; the court her graceful steps surround; + Her Tyrian vest, embroider'd fringes bound; + Her quiver gold, with gold her hair enlac'd, + A golden clasp her flowing mantle brac'd. + Next with his Phrygian youth Iulus came + 180 On wings of joy; but charms divine proclaim + Cythereas offspring as he join'd the train. + + Thus when young Phoebus leaves the wintry plain, + From Lycia and the Xanthian flood, retires + To native Delos, and his sacred choirs; + 185 Mingled in carols loud around his shrine, + Cretans and Greeks, and painted Scythians join. + Graceful on high the god o'er Cynthio glides, + His wanton locks with pliant gold divides, + With tender foliage crowns his radiant hair; + 190 Wide sounds the dart bu spreading shoulders bear. + + Æneas moves not with inferior grace, + Such heav'nly beauty beam'd upon his face. + O'er hills and rocks, and thro' the pathless wood, + From their old haunts they rouse the savage brood; + 195 Here downward springs the shaggy goat, and here, + From the steep cliff down rush the bounding deep, + Dart from the hills, in panting herds unite, + Stretch o'er the plain and spread their dusty flight. + As thro' the vale Iulus winds his steed, + 200 Leads on the chase, and passes all in speed, + A nobler prey his youthful vows implore, + The tawny lion or the foaming boar. + + But murky clouds are gath'ring round the pole-, + In hollow murmur distant thunders roll; + 205 The hail, the rain a mingled tempest pour, + Whole rivers swelling down the mountain roar, + The trembling youths of Troy, the Tyrian train, + Cytherea's grandson, scatter'd o'er the plain, + All fly the storm, and in one dark retreat + 210 The Tyrian Queen and Trojan Hero meet. + Strait nuptial Juno, gives the fatal sign; + Pale flames the torch, and trembling Earth the shrine: + Night spread the veil;—and to the vow they swore + The murmuring air, ill omen'd witness bore. + 215 The frighted Nymphs along the mountain height, + In doleful cries proclaim the genial rite. + That hour her death and all her sorrows wrought; + Then fame and honor vanish'd from her thought; + No more she struggles with a secret flame, + 220 The crime is veil'd in wedlock's specious name. + + Soon thro' the Lybian towns, Fame blew the deed; + Fame, that outstrips all other ills in speed, + That feeds on motion, strengthens as she flies, + 225 Weak, timid first, but soon of monstrous size, + Her feet on earth, amid the clouds her head. + + With Heav'n incens'd, her mother Earth 'tis said, + This sister added to the Giant brood, + With wings, with feet, with dreadful speed endu'd. + Huge horrid monster!——Ev'ry plume she wears + 230 A watching eye conceal'd beneath it bears, + And strange to tell—on ev'ry feather hung + A gaping ear—a never ceasing tongue. + Sleep never enter'd yet those glaring eyes; + All night 'twixt earth and heav'n she buzzing flies; + 235 All day sits watchful on the turrets height, + Or palace roof, the babbling town to fright. + Falsehood and truth, she spreads with equal real, + To gaping crouds rejoicing to reveal + What is, what was, and what has never been. + 240 Æneas fled from Troy;—The Tyrian queen, + Her bed, her sceptre, with an exile shares; + And now forgetful of all other cares, + With shameful passion blindly led astray, + In love and joy they waste the hours away. + + 245 This, all around Fame glories to diffuse, + And to Iarba next her flight pursues, + To fan the flame that in his bosom glows. + To Jove himself, his birth the monarch owes; + A nymph his mother, by a forc'd embrace; + 250 And to the God, the author of his race, + Their lofty domes an hundred temples raise, + An hundred shrines with flames perpetual blaze, + Hung round with wreaths: through all his vast domain, + The soil was rich with blood of victims skin. + 255 He, by the dire report, to madness fir'd, + Vents his dark soul by jealous rage inspir'd, + Before the gods, while curling incense blaz'd, + His suppliant hands to Jove almighty rais'd. + «All potent Jove! those eyes that view the Moor + 260 From painted coaches full libations pour, + See they not this? Or when thy thunder rolls + Do causeless fears, O Father, shake our souls? + Is there no vengeance in the bolt you poise? + Is all but fancied horror, empty noise? + 265 A woman, wand'ring outcast on our shore, + Bargains a petty spot and owns no more, + Accepts a portion of our coast to till, + Ev'n from our pity; from our royal will; + And she—the offer of our hand disdains, + 270 And she—Æneas in her court detains! + + That Paris, with that woman crew, that wear + Those Phrygian bonnets on their scented hair, + Enjoys the spoil.—while I—thy power proclaim, + Adorn thy shrine, and feed on empty fame». + 275 Thus, while he pray'd and bow'd before the shrine: + Th' Almighty hearing, throws his eyes divine + On Lybia's coast; there views the lovelest pair + Forgetting fame and ev'ry nobler care, + And quick commands the herald of the sky. + 280 «Go, call the zephyrs, spread your pinnions, fly, + Fly to the Dardan chief who ling'ring waits + Mindless in Carthage of the promis'd fates; + Swift as the rushing wind, my order bear. + Not such a man—unworthy of her care, + 285 His mother promis'd, when her powerful charms, + Twice, made me save him from the Grecian arms. + No—For Hesperia's realm a future king, + Thro' whom, from Teucer's blood untam'd to spring + A warlike race, the pregnant seeds to lay, + 290 Of boundless empire, universal sway. + If he, unmov'd, such' proferr'd greatness sees, + Renouncing glory for ignoble ease. + } Julus too, must he forego his claim? + } Spoil'd by a father of his birthright fame, + 295 } The pow'r, the glory, of the Roman name. + What mean these structures in a hostile place? + What hopes deceitful from his mind efface + Th' Ausonian offspring, the Lavinian land? + But let him sail—no more—bear my command». + 300 Jove spoke—His son obey'd:—and to his feet + Bound the light wings of gold—wings ever fleet, + Which over earth and sea, through yielding air, + Swift as the wind the rapid herald bear; + 305 And took the rod that calls the trembling ghost + To light, or binds it to the Stygian coast, + Gives balmy slumber, breaks the sweet repose, + Weighs down the lid of dying eyes that close. + Thro' storms and dripping clouds with this he glides; + Now o'er the summit and the hoary sides + 310 Of Atlas hangs, pois'd on whose shoulders rest + The Heav'ns: his head eternal storms infest, + Crown'd with dark pines, inwrap'd with gloomy clouds; + Primeval snow his shaggy bosom shrouds, + Furrow'd with streams that down his chin descend, + 315 And chains of ice from his broad beard that pend. + Here light the God—Balanc'd his equal wings, + And darting forward to the ocean flings. + Through misty air as nearer earth he drew, + Cutting the winds and whirling sands, he flew + 320 Like birds, that hov'ring o'er the fishy main, + Drop from the sky', and skim the watry plain. + So from the height his mighty grandsire props, + Down on the pinion light Cyllenius drops; + And scarce his winged feet had touch'd the ground, + 325 Æneas with the busy crew he found, + Planning new structures for the rising town. + Bright with a radiant gem his sword hung down, + A mantle graceful o'er his shoulder thrown + With sparkling gold and Tyrian purple shone. + 330 'Twas Dido's present: thro' the blushing thread + The docile gold her taper fingers led. + The god accosts him.—«With uxorious care + The walls of Carthage does Æneas rear, + Himself forgotten and his future state? + 335 But he that reigns—the pow'r who next to Fate, + Roles Earth and Heav'n, and moves them with a nod, + Thro' skies unclouded, he—the ruling God, + This to your ear commands me to convey; + Why on the Lybian shore this fond delay? + 340 These rising tow'rs—If satisfied with these, + You barter glory for ignoble ease, + Your injur'd heir—your young Ascanius view, + Rome and th' Italian reign to him are due.» + While thus the God convey'd what Jove resolv'd, + 345 From human eyes in air his form dissolved. + + Æneas stood with sacred terror chill'd; + His hair erect, his lips with horror seal'd; + Aw'd by the present God, the high command, + He burns to fly, and leave the much lov'd land. + 350 But how alas!—What words, what soothing art? + How meet the Queen, the sad design impart? + Now here, now there, his wav'ring soul inclin'd; + He bends on ev'ry side his anxious mind: + And thus at length his doubting councils end. + 355 He bids Cleanthus and the chiefs attend, + The crews assemble and the ships prepare, + In silence hid the object of their care; + While Dido yet the faithless dream deludes, + And not one doubt upon her bliss intrudes: + 360 That he, mean while, the fittest time would seek, + The fittest place the sad reverse to speak. + + In secret they, the pleasing task pursue; + But soon—(what can escape a lovers view) + Soon Dido saw the change, her boding mind + 365 Fancied, foresaw, or felt what they desgn'd. + Trembling, alive to all she sees or hears, + Suspecting ev'ry thing, she doubts, she fears, + While Fame that wounded feeling never spar'd, + The crews on board announced, the fleet prepar'd: + 379 Till mad'ning flames within her bosom rise; + Distracted, furious, o'er the town she flies, + Wild as the Woodnymph when the frantic rite + And Bacchanalian shout, to rage excite + Madder and louder as the God invades, + 375 She hears him bounding thro' the midnight shades. + + Dido, herself, at length, Æneas sought; + Could you, false man, conceive the cruel thought, + To hide a crime so great—unseen to go,— + Silent, unnotic'd—Would you leave me so? + 380 Has love no charm, has plighted faith no tie? + Nor Dido doom'd a cruel death to dye. + And for yourself—unfeeling!—when die skies + With tempest low'r—when wintry blasts arise, + You tempt the dang'rous ocean—to explore + 385 A distant, strange, unhospitable shore. + Had Troy herself existed, who would brave + For Troy herself, the treach'rous wintry wave. + 'Tis me you fly—Oh, by your sacred vow, + By these sad tears, (they're all that's left me now + 390 To move your heart); by all our solemn ties, + By what I've suffer'd, by our shortliv'd joys, + If gratitude has giv'n me any right, + If any charm in me once gave delight, + Do not desert the wreck yourself have made, + 395 Nor from my falling state withdraw your aid. + If yet there's any pow'r in pray'rs like mine, + Oh pity me; recal that sad design— + See Africa pow'rs, my feeble realm pursue, + My Tyrians hearts are gone,—'Tis all for you, + 400 To you I've sacrific'd my brightest claim, + My sacred honor—all my former fame: + Since the dear name of husband is forgot, + Think, cruel guest, of wretched Dido's lot. + What prospect in her ruin'd state remains? + 405 Pygmalions vengeance—proud Iarba's chains. + Of you—of all that's dear in life bereft, + Oh were some pledge of mutual passion left: + Some young Æneas, in whose face alone + His father's dear resemblance I might own, + 410 With infant grace my lonely court to cheer, + Not lost, not widow'd quite I should appear». + + She ceas'd.—With eyes unmov'd,—o'er aw'd by Jove + He stood, and with contending passions strove. + At length he spoke. «For ever I confess + 415 I owe you all that words could e'er express, + And in this grateful heart Eliza reigns, + While life itself, and memory remains. + Ne'er did I hope my voyage to conceal; + Never, (my words are few for all I feel), + 420 Be not deceiv'd, no, never did I join + These nuptial ties, nor this alliance sign. + Had Fate, alas, allow'd me to dispose, + To end these troubles in the way I chose, + The ruins of my friends, the wreck of Troy, + 425 Should all my care, and all my hope employ. + Then, sailing back to Asia's fertile shore, + For them, should Priam's city rise once more. + But now 'tis Italy Apollo shows, + 'Tis Italy the Lycian fates propose, + 430 My country's there, there all cry vows unite. + Far from your native soil, if you delight + In Afric's coast, these walls if you enjoy; + Allow Ansonia to the sons of Troy. + We too, in foreign lands a state may raise. + 435 As oft as Night her humid veil displays, + Oft as the stars, in solemn glory rise, + My father's murm'ring ghost before my eyes + Brings young Ascanius, and upbraiding stands, + And claims th' Hesperian crown, the promised lands; + 440 And even now—(on both their heads I swear) + From Joves high throne above, thro' flitting air, + } The thund'rer's will, the herald God declar'd; + } These eyes beheld him, and these ears have heard; + } He past these walls, and in broad day appear'd. + 445 Then cease the wounding accent of complaint— + I follow not my will, but Heav'n's constraint». + + She heard his words—but turning from his view, + Now here, now there, her eyes indignant threw. + She fix'd him with a scornful silent cast, + 450 All over view'd him—and burst forth at last. + + «No, faithless monster, no! Nor race divine, + Nor Dardan sire, nor Goddess mother thine! + Form'd in the flinty womb of rocks accurst, + 455 Begot by Caucasus, by tygers nurst. + What need I more? why doubt of what is plain? + One sigh, one look, did all my tears obtain. + How name his crimes? did loves extremest woe, + Move that hard heart, or cause one tear to flow! + But will Jove's Queen who guards the nuptial vow, + 460 Will mighty Jove himself, such deeds allow? + Whom now confide in? Cast upon my shore, + Shipwreck'd, distress'd, a friendly aid I bore: + Himself, his fleet, his friends, from ruin drew, + Nay, foolish woman! shar'd my kingdom too, + 465 Now,—my rage to very madness tends: + Now Lycian fates, now Phæbus he pretends, + } Nay mighty Jove himself, thro' flitting air + } Sends down a god his dread command to bear. + } A worthy object, truly, for his care! + 470 A mighty thing, to break the God's repose! + But go, such fates no longer I oppose; + Go, seek Ausonia in the hollow wind, + And in the frothy surge a kingdom find. + Yes may you find—just Heav'n my wishes serve! + 475 Dash'd on some rock, the fate that you deserve. + Then, when you call on injure! Dido's name, + I'll follow glaring in the light'ning's flame; + When Death's cold hand this wretched soul shall free, + My ghost shall haunt you, wheresoe'er you be. + 480 Yes wretch—be sure—the vengeance will be paid. + 'Twill reach my ear—'twill sooth my angry shade». + While yet she spoke, she trembling turn'd away, + Broke from his sight, and shun'd the light of day. + + 485 She left him struck with fear, with grief opprest; + Opposing thoughts revolv'd within his breast. + Her languid step her maids supporting led, + And plac'd her fainting on the nuptial bed. + + Much as he wish'd the mourner to console, + To speak soft comfort to her wounded soul, + 490 To grief, to doubt, to pow'rful love a prey, + Jove's sov'reign will, the hero must obey, + He views the fleet, his brave companions cheers, + Hauls down the bark and to the ocean veers; + The sides well calk'd, the briny wave defy, + 495 The living woods, their shapeless limbs supply, + From the green oar the bleeding leaf they tear, + They run, they toil, they press the phasing care. + + In gath'ring numbers from the town they pour, + Wind o'er the plain, and spread along the shore + 500 Like ants, that forage for a future day, 500 + And to their stores the plunder'd wheat convey; + In narrow columns move the sable train; + These with main strength roll on the pond'rous grain; + These press the march, and these the loit'rers drive; + 505 They go, they come, their path seems all alive. + + Ill fated Queen! what pangs your bosom tore, + What sighs you heav'd, as on the moving shore, + The busy crews, assembling in your sight, + With dashing waves, their horrid shouts unite. + 510 Love, in our heart! how boundless is thy force! + To tears again, to pray'r she has recourse; + Love bends her soul each suppliant art to try, + Each humble suit, ere she resolve, to die. + «See, Anna, see, the crowded beach they hide, + 515 See how they spread, they swarm from ev'ry side; + Their open sails already court the wind, + The stern with wreaths the joyful sailors bind. + Oh had I thought such ills could e'er ensue + Perhaps I should have learn'd to bear them too? + 520 Now grant me, Anna, grant this one request! + False man! his friendship you alone possest; + To you his heart was open, none but you, + The soft access, the pliant moment knew. + Go sister then, my haughty foe intreat, + 525 Tell him to Troy I sent no hostile fleet; + Nor yet, at Aulis, was I one that swore, + United vengeance to the Dardan shore. + Have I disturb'd his father's sacred shade, + That to be heard—not mere—in vain I've pray'd? + 530 Tho' clos'd his ears to me, can be deny + This last, this least request! where would he fly? + Bid him remain till wintry storms subside, + Till kinder breezes, smooth the ruffled tide. + 535 The nuptial vow, which he so vainly swore, + His plighted faith no longer I implore, + Nor yet his Latian kingdom to forego: + Some fruitless space, some breathing time for woe, + 'Till fate have thought the wretch subdu'd to grieve, + Is all I beg—Obtain this last reprieve— + 540 For pity gain it,—and the short delay + With all her parting soul, will Dido pay». + So pray'd the Queen, and o'er and o'er again, + Pray'rs, sighs, and tears her sister urg'd in vain; + Unmov'd he stands by tears, by pray'rs by sighs, + 545 The fates oppose, the God his ear denies. + Thus from the rock, the patient work of years, + His knotted strength an oak majestic rears, + When Alpine storms on ev'ry side contend, + Now here, now there his rooted mass to bend, + 550 Each labour'd limb resounds, and from his head + The rustling spoils in heaps the ground o'erspread. + He grasps the rock unmov'd, and proudly shoots + As high to heav'n his head, as down to hell his roots. + With storms as fierce the lab'ring Hero torn, + 555 Now here now there by swelling passion borne + Sunk in his soul a mighty load of woe, + His mind unshook—tears unavailing flow. + + 'Twas then that Dido, sinking with her fate, + In all its horror view'd her wretched state. + 560 The light of heav'n grew odious to her sight, + She call'd on Death, and each religions rite + With horrid omens urg'd the dark design: + The milky juice flowed black upon the shrine; + And dire to tell, the sacred wine she bore + 565 Fell from the cup in fleaks of clotted gore. + These horrid sighs, to her alone reveal'd, + Ev'n from her sister's friendship she conceal'd. + But more—a temple in the palace stood + With snow-white fleeces hang, with garlands strew'd, + 570 Where to her former husband's honor'd shade + Assiduous worship, daily vows she paid: + There, when the night, unroll'd her sable pall + She hears his voice in doleful murmurs call, + While from the roof the fated owl alone + 575 In deep complaint prolongs the funeral tone. + Beside, what ills had been foretold before, + Now on her mind, a dread impression bore. + Her aching eyes did broken slumbers close, + Æneas like a vengeful fury rose: + 580 Alone—forsaken—distant from her home, + Driv'n o'er the desert—she appears to roam + With sinking steps,—abandoned—left behind, + Thro' burning sands her native Tyre to find. + So mad Pentheus saw two suns arise, + 585 Two Thebes appear before his haggard eyes. + So wild Orestes flies his mother's rage, + With snakes, with torches arm'd across the stage, + To 'scape her vengeance whereso'er he goes, + Pale furies meet him and his flight oppose. + + 590 Now when despair had settled on her mind, + What way to meet the death that she design'd + Fill'd all her thoughts. Her sister she addrest + While treach'rous smiles beguil'd her soul distrest. + «Rejoice, my friend, while I the means impart, + 595 To gain his love or drive him from my heart: + A place there is where Æthiopia ends, + And into ocean's lap the sun descends; + Where Atlas on his spreading shoulders bears, + And turns the shining glory of the spheres. + 600 Thence comes a priestess, in Massyla rear'd, + Who for the watchful Dragon food prepar'd; + Th' Hesperian temple 'twas her charge to keep, + The drowsy flow'rs in liquid honey steep, + And watch the golden branches on the tree. + 605 She, at her will, the lab'ring mind can free, + With mystic verse,—or deadly cares enforce, + Repell the stars—arrest the rivers course; + Raise the dead shade, the trembling mountain rend, + And make the wood with horrid sound descend. + 610 By heav'n and thee, thou nearest to my heart, + Against my will I fly to magic art. + But in the inmost court, in open air, + A lofty pile thou, dearest friend, prepare, + There let his arms, my nuptial couch that grac'd, + 615 There ev'ry thing he faithless left be plac'd; + And fast that bed—sad witness of my fall; + The priestess orders to destroy them all. + Of the sad deed be left no conscious trace—» + She ceas'd and smil'd,—but death was in her face. + 620 Anna obey'd; prepar'd the pyre; her mind + Conceiv'd no fear of all the Queen design'd, + Nor with such deep despair, her spirit fraught, + Nor worse than when Sicheus fell she thought. + In open air, but in a court inclos'd, + 625 Rich pine and cloven oak the pyre compos'd; + The Queen herself the lofty sides around, + With flow'rs of death, funereal fillets bound; + Then o'er the pyre, upon the nuptial bed, + His sword, his portrait, all he left, she spread; + 630 Her spirit labour'd with the dread design; + All round were altars rais'd for rites divine. + There stands the priestess with dishevell'd hair; + (Her voice like thunder shakes the trembling air) + Thrice on the hundred gods aloud she calls, + 635 Deep night and chaos, thrice her Voice appalls; + The triple form that Virgin Dian wears, + Infernal Hecate's threefold nature hears. + For stygian waters that surround the dead, + Enchanted juice, a baleful vapour shed. + 640 Black drops of venom—potent herbs she steep'd, + With brazen scythes, by trembling Moonlight reap'd. + And from the filly's infant forehead shorn + A powerful philter from the mother torn. + The Queen her sacred off'ring in her hands, + 645 With one foot bar'd, before the altar stands; + Her zone unbound releas'd her flowing vest; + The conscious gods her dying words attest, + The start that bear our fate, and if above + A pow'r remains, that pities injur'd love. + + 650 'Twas night when o'er the earth in soft repose, + All that exist, the load of life depose; + When woods are hush'd, and murmuring billows done, + When stars descending half their course have run; + In silence all—The beasts, the feather'd brood, + 655 That swim the lake, or haunt the thicket wood, + All thro' the silent night, in balmy sleep + Their hearts reliev'd in sweet oblivion steep. + Not wretched Dido—night descends in vain + Her eyes unclos'd, and unrepriev'd her pain; + 660 Rest flies her soul, and sleep her couch forsakes; + Care through the livelong night incessant wakes; + Now love, now rage, in midnight silence nurst, + Back on her soal with doubted fury burst. + From wave to wave of boiling passion borne, + 665 «What now remains, she cries—despis'd, forlorn, + Must Dido now, poor suppliant wretch, implore, + And court the husband she disdain'd before; + Or must I on their fleet submissive wait; + And from those Dardan lords expect my fate? + 670 Oh! yes!—by former favours I may guess + What gratitude they'll feel in my distress. + But if—which way! what means?—What pow'r have I? + How will their pride my humble suit deny? + Oh senseless being! have I yet to know, + 675 How far, that perjur'd, Trojan race can go? + And then—alone attend their joyful crew, + Or with my Tyrian force their fleet pursue? + Yes,—and the men I scarce from home could tear, + 680 Will they for me again the ocean dare. + No—meet the death you merit.—Let the sword— + 'Tis all that's left, this sad relief afford. + Oh, sister, to my tears so weakly kind, + You nurst this fatal error in my mind, + } You wrought my fate, you gave me to my foe; + 685 } As Nature free, unshar'd my days might flow, + } No guilty joy, no faithless partner know, + No pangs like these I bear,—and not to you, + Dear injur'd shade, Sicheus not untrue». + Long as the gloomy shades o'erhung the pole, + 690 Such cares revolving prey'd upon her soul. + + Meanwhile Æneas in his fleet repos'd, + His doubts remov'd, and all for flight dispos'd. + To him the form divine he'd seen before, + Appear'd in sleep—again his mandate bore; + 695 The graceful limbs of youth, the flaxen hair, + The voice, the rosy hue, Jove's son declare. + «O goddess born! can sleep weigh down your eyes, + Clos'd to the dangers which around you vise? + Senseless!—the zephyrs waste their fav'ring breath, + 700 While brooding in a soul resolv'd on death + Some black design, matures, some treach'rous blow, + Haste then and fly, while yet you've pow'r to go. + You'll see, if here you wait the morning ray, + The port block'd up, the shore to flames a prey. + 705 Woman's a thing so variable and light! + Haste then away. He spoke and mix'd with night. + + Æneas trembling as the phantom flew, + Started from sleep, and rous'd the slumb'ring crew. + «Rise, rise, companions, each one to his oar; + 710 Hoist ev'ry sail—a god sent down once more, + Impels our flight—Be quick—stand out to sea, + The cables cut. Great God, whoe'er you be + Thy words again exulting we obey. + Be present, rule our stars—direct our way + 715 Propitious». He spoke, his whirling falchion drew, + The halser cut, the bark impatient flew, + All felt the impulse—dashing thro' the tide + They quit the shore, their barks the ocean hide; + The boiling wave their oars alternate sweep, + 720 They bend, they pull, they cut the sounding deep. + + Now rising from Tithonius golden bed + Fresh beams of rosy light Aurora shed; + And as the scatter'd shades were pierc'd with grey, + The Queen from high beheld them under way, + 725 Their swelling sail the fav'ring breezes bent, + The shore, the port, a lonely space present. + Oh then her lovely bosom in despair + She beat. Oh then she tore her flaxen hair. + «He's gone—Almighty heav'n, he's gone! she cries, + 730 That wand'ring exile all my pow'r defies. + Arm, arm, my warriors—sally from the town; + Pursue the wretches—haul my gallies down; + Bring flaming brands, with sails with oars pursue. + —What have I said, alas! what would I do? + 735 Where am I—and my mind what phrenzy leads! + Now Dido, now, you feel your impious deeds. + Then was the time, your sceptre when you shar'd. + O thou for faith, for piety rever'd! + This, this is he whose pious shoulders bore + 740 His gods, his father, from the Trojan shore! + Why did I not those limbs to pieces tear, + Behold the waves, the bloody fragments bear, + Cut off his friends and sever'd with the sword, + Serve up Ascanius at his father's board! + 745 His fortune might prevail—and so it might! + What has despair to fear—in Fortune's spite + I'd fire the fleet, the town, the son, the sire, + The race extinguish, and with joy expire. + «O Sun, whose beams all earthy deeds reveal, + 750 Juno who know and witness what I feel, + Hecate whose howl the midnight hour affrights, + Gods of my parting soul—avenging sprites, + Accept my vow, my pray'r expiring hear; + The ills I bear are worthy of your ear». + + 755 «If so the fates decree, if Jove command, + That, he accurst, shall reach th' Italian land, + There may he meet in arms, a warlike race, + There helpless rove, torn from his son's embrace, + His friends untimely end there let him feel; + 760 For succour there to strangers meanly kneel; + And when for peace, ingloriously he sues, + His crown, his life, untimely may he lose, + And lie unburied on the naked shore; + 765 With the last breath of life this pray'r I pour. + And you, my Tyrian friends—thro' times extent + On that curst race eternal hatred vent. + These gifts, these honors, let my ashes reap, + No peace, no treaty with that people keep. + 770 Rise, rise some vast avenger from my tomb, + With fire with sword that Dardan breed consume. + Now and as long as Fate the pow'r shall lend, + May shore with shore—may wave with wave contend, + So prays my soul—let arms with arms engage, + And children's children war eternal wage. + + 775 So Dido pray'd, while her distracted thought + To shun light's hated beams, impatient sought. + To Barce then, her husband's nurse, she said, + (Her own at Tyre, within the tomb was laid). + Go, Barce, go my sister hither bring + 780 With water sprinkled from the sacred spring; + Bid her the victims lead, the rites prepare, + And you yourself a sacred fillet wear: + The rite began to Stygian Jove we'll end, + My cares shall vanish as the flames ascend, + 785 His image wasting as the pyre consumes»; + She spoke—the step of age officious haste assumes. + + But now the ripen'd project chill'd her soul; + Thro' starting blood her eyeballs burning roll; + Her cheek convuls'd with spots of livid red, + 790 All pale and ghastly, Death approaching spread. + Strait to the court with darting stop she bends, + With frantic haste the funeral pyle ascends, + And from the scabbard draws the Dardan blade. + (Sad gift, alas, for no such purpose made), + 795 But when the bed, and Trojan vest she view'd; + That well known bed—she paus'd—and pensive stood. + Tears found their way—once more that bed she prest + As these last words her parting breath exprest. + «Dear pledges! yes!—while heaven allow'd it so? + 800 Now take this soul—-relieve me from this woe; + I've liv'd, whatever fortune gave is o'er; + No common shade I seek the dreary shore, + My walls arise, I leave a glorious state; + —Not unreveng'd I view'd my husband's fate; + 805 Alas, too happy—had the envious gales, + To Lybia's coast, ne'er bent the Phrygian sails». + She ceas'd—and kiss'd again the fatal bed: + «—And must I die—and none avenge me dead? + Yes, yes! I die, since fate will have it so, + Thus, even thus, well pleas'd beneath the shades I go; + 810 These rising flames his cruel eye shall meet, + A dreadful omen to attend his fleet»! + + With this they saw her falling on the sword; + Her blood along the reeking weapon pour'd, + 815 Ran trickling down her hands.—Now horrid cries + Through all the palace all the town arise— + Fame blows the deed—loud shouts from heav'n rebound, + And groans and yells and female shrieks resound, + As loud and shrill as if to foes a prey, + 820 Carthage or ancient Tyre abandon'd lay, + And thro' the temples and abodes of man, + Fierce flames with undistinguish'd fury ran. + Her sister hears the tumult of despair, + She starts—she tears her breast, she reads her hair, + 825 And wildly bursting thro' the gathering crowd, + Calls on her dying sister's name aloud: + Dido—Dear sister—how am I betray'd! + For this, these flames—this pyre, these shrines I made. + Oh what complaints for me forlorn suffice! + 850 Could you, resolv'd to die, your friend despise, + Was I unworthy deem'd to share your end? + One pang our souls should free, one fate attend. + I call'd our gods—my hands these rites prepar'd; + You go without me, and our fate unshar'd? + 835 Oh, sister! this sad deed has ruin'd all; + With you, your state, your friends, your sister fall. + —But pour the stream—I'll wash the blood away, + And if some ling'ring breath of life delay, + These lips shall catch it.—On the pyre she prest + 840 Her sister, just expiring, to her breast; + She wip'd the blood—and Dido heard her cries, + And strove to raise in rain her languid eyes, + They clos'd again,—and babbling in the wound + The frothy blood hiss'd forth a horrid sound. + 845 Thrice on her hand she lean'd to raise her head, + And thrice sank down unable on her bed; + Her eyes half fix'd, she open'd to the day, + And groan'd that stil they felt the vivid ray. + Till Juno who beheld her ling'ring death, + 850 The painful agony of parting breath, + Sent Iris down in pity from the sky, + To free her soul, and loose the stubborn tye. + For since unclaim'd by Fate, before her day, + She fell to love forlorn a guiltless prey, + 855 } To cut the tress, the queen of night delay'd, + } The flaxen hair that on her forehead stray'd, + } Nor yet consign'd her to the Stygian shade. + + Then Iris, going from the sunbeam drew + A thousand colours, varying as she flew; + 860 Her dewy wing in liquid azure spread, + Dropt down the sky, and hov'ring o'er her head + «Pluto, this fated lock I bear to thee, + And from this body set the spirit free», + She said—Her fingers cut the flaxen hair, + 865 The heat dissolv'd—the soul exhal'd in air. +</pre> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0005" id="link2H_4_0005"> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + THE HENRIAD. CANTO IX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <a name="link2H_4_0006" id="link2H_4_0006"> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + ARGUMENT. + </h2> + <p> + Description of the Palace of Love.—Discord implores his aid to bend + the unconquerable courage of Henry IV.—Description of Gabrielle + d'Etree. Henry, passionately enamoured with her; quits his army, and loses + the advantages of his victory at Ivry. Mornay seeks him in his retreat, + tears him from the arms of his mistress, and restores him to his army. + </p> + <p> + <b> </b> + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + WHERE fam'd Idalia's happy plains extend, + As Europe's bounds begin and Asia's end, + Stands an old palace, long by time rever'd; + The first rude plan the hand of nature rear'd; + 5 But soon, disdaining Nature's simple taste, + Intruding art the modest fabric grac'd. + + There vernal breezes fann'd the myrtle shade, + Soft odour breath'd, and beams unclouded play'd. + No tyrant winter e'er despoil'd the grove, + 10 Bid feather'd warblers end the note of love, + Or bound the murm'ring rill in icy chains. + Eternal verdure crown'd the blissful plains; + No labour Earth requir'd, no season knew, + Unbid by man her smiling harvest grew; + 15 Round mellow fruit, the timid blossom twin'd, + Gay Flora's bloom to rich Pomona join'd. + + Not wanton Nature when her reign began, + Such blessings lavish'd on her fav'rite man; + The thoughtless joy which from abundance flows, + 20 Days without care, and nights of calm repose: + All to delude the mind, to charm the sense, + All Eden e'er could boast,—but innocence. + + Sweet music wafted on the balmy breeze, + Invited languor and voluptuous ease, + 25 While am'rous lays in dulcet note proclaim + The lovers triumph, and the fair one's shame. + There to the laughing god in flow'rs array'd, + The graceful throng their daily homage paid; + There in his temple learn'd the fatal art, + 30 To please, seduce, and captivate the heart. + Young Hope, in flatt'ring smiles for ever gay, + To Love's mysterious altar leads the way: + The graces round, half veil'd and half in sight, + Enticing motion with their voice unite; + 35 While Indolence, luxurious laid along, + Listless and loit'ring, hears the tender song. + There, silent Myst'ry, with the veil she wears, + And eyes conversing with the soul, appears, + Attentive tender cares, attracting smiles, + 40 Gay sport and mirth, and all that thought beguiles. + Lascivious pleasures group'd with wanton ease; + And soft desires that more than pleasure please. + + Such the delightful entrance of the dome: + But onward if with guardless step you roam, + 45 And thro' the deep recess audacious pry, + What alter'd scenes of horror strike your eye! + No pleasures form'd in playful groupes invite, + No dulcet sounds the ravish'd ear delight; + 50 No tender cares:—- But in their place appear, + Sullen Complaint, and cloy'd Disgust, and Fear; + There, fever'd Jealousy with livid hue, + And falt'ring steps unwinds Suspicion's clew; + Arm'd with the blood-stain'd instruments of death, + There, Rage and Hatred spread their poison'd breath; + 55 While Malice, brooding over secret guile, + Repays their labour with a treach'rous smile; + Remorse, that never sleeps, brings up the rear, + Hates his own deed, and drops a barren tear. + There, Love, capricious child, had chose to reign, + 60 And pains and pleasures were his motely train; + Cruel and kind by turns, but ever blind, + The dear delight, the torment of mankind, + Thro' ev'ry camp, thro' ev'ry senate glides, + Commands the warrior, o'er the judge presides; + 65 Still welcome to the heart, he still deceives, + Pants in each bosom, thro' all nature lives. + + High on a throne of endless conquest vain, + Love bids the monarch drag his servile chain; + And glorying less to please, than to destroy, + 70 In scenes of woe exults with savage joy. + + Him, Discord sought, by Rage relentless led, + The timid pleasures knew the fiend and fled; + Her eyes were fire, fresh blood her forehead dy'd, + Around she whirl'd her flaming torch, and cry'd: + 75 «Why sleeps my brother o'er the poison'd dart? + His pow'r forgetting o'er the human heart? + Did ever Love the flames of Discord waft, + Or Discord's venom tinge Love's deadly shaft? + Did I for Love, bid madd'ning worlds engage? + 80 Rise then—avenge my insult, serve my rage; + Behold a conqu'ring king my pow'r defy! + Crush'd by his hand, behold my serpents die! + See dove-ey'd Mercy smiling by his side, + Thro' fields of civil rage his faithful guide; + 85 See to his standard ev'ry heart return, + While I my falling empire vainly mourn: + Let him, with her, obtain one conquest more, + Paris is his, and Discord's reign is o'er: + Her smiles will gild the triumph which he gains, + 90 Then what is left for me but hopeless chains! + But Love shall wind this torrent from its course, + And soil his glories in their limpid sourse; + Spite of the virtues which adorn his mind, + In am'rous chains that haughty spirit bind. + 95 Can you forget what heroes once you charm'd, + Whom at her feet fair Omphale disarm'd? + Whose purple sail before Augustus flew, + Who lost the world for Egypt's queen and you? + To these proud trophies Henry's name unite, + 100 Beneath your myrtle all his laurels blight: + You serve yourself, when you my throne maintain, + For Lore and Discord must together reign». + So spoke the monster, and the vault around + Trembling, threw back on Earth the deadly sound. + + 105 Love heard, and answ'ring with a doubtful smile, + Where half was sweetness, half insidious guile, + His golden quiver o'er his shoulder threw, + And gliding soft thro' yielding azure flew. + Pleasure, the graces, and unthinking sport, + 110 Born by the Zephyr, were his wanton court. + + Pois'd on his even wing, he look'd with joy + On Simois, and the plain where once was Troy; + A smile the triumph of his heart betray'd, + To view the mighty ruin Love had made. + 115 On Venice, long were bent his partial eyes, + Thro' the blue main where gilded domes arise: + Old Neptune saw them pierce the curling wave, + Own'd the audacious conquest,—and forgave. + To fam'd Sicilia next his flight he bends, + 120 Stoops on the purple pinion, and descends + Where he himself inspir'd the Mantuan swain, + And taught Theocritus his tender strain; + There, Fame reports, by ways unknown, he led + The am'rous stream to Arethusa's bed. + 125 Then on the downy sail he sought Vaucluse, + Retreat of Petrarch's love and Petrarch's muse; + Fond Echo yet remember's Laura's name; + And what she gave in love repays in fame. + Eure's winding shores his fond attention draw, + 130 Where Love's own work, Anet's proud dome he saw; + The fretted ceiling, Henry's cypher grac'd, + By Love himself with fair Diana's plac'd. + The graces dropt a crystal tear, and threw + Around her urn fresh roses as they flew. + + 135 His wing at length on Ivry's plain he clos'd, + Where Bourbon's thunder for a lime repos'd; + But while the native of the wood he chas'd, + The manly sport war's dreadful image trac'd. + Love spread his chains, and sharp'ning ev'ry dart, + 140 Inhuman pleasure bounded in his heart. + + «Arise ye winds,» he cried, «the storm prepare, + Collect the pregnant clouds, and dim the air; + The hanging torrent from their bosom pour, + Bid forked lightening fly, and thunders roar». + 145 Too soon the blust'ring slaves his will obey'd + Their dusky pinions spread a moving shade; + } O'er the bright scene, dark low'ring mist they drove, + } The languid beam with night usurping strove, + } Pale Nature wept the change and knew the work of Love. + + 150 Benighted and alone, the king pursu'd + A light that glimmer'd thro' the distant wood: + Love whirl'd his torch, and cast the treach'rous ray, + Like earth-born vapours glitt'ring to betray: + Which lead the trav'ller to the fatal brink, + 155 Then leave him to his wretched doom and link. + + Fate so decreed it—in this lonely spot, + Retreat and calm, a noble fair one sought; + Far from the tumult of contending arms, + A solitary castle hid her charms, + 160 Her tender form from all mankind conceal'd, + While war detain'd her father in the field. + But while his sov'reign's toil the vet'ren shar'd, + His lovely child the fost'ring graces rear'd. + D'Etree (that name the favour'd mortal bore), + 165 Of ev'ry, charm exhausted Nature's store. + Not on Eurota's bank, so beauteous shone + The faithless partner of the Spartan throne; + Not she who conquer'd, whom the world obey'd, + On Cydnus when in pomp of charms array'd, + 170 Mortals deceiv'd, in awful rapture gaz'd, + And incense to the present goddess blaz'd. + Scarce had she gain'd the charming dang'rous years, + A pow'r too sure, when rising passion bears. + Pure as heav'ns image in the crystal deep, + 175 Ere clouds arise, when wanton zephyrs sleep, + Her breast for love and gen'rous feeling form'd, + No sigh had heav'd, no tender passion warm'd. + + In vain the treasures of the budding rose, + From am'rous gales their modest folds enclose; + 180 As vernal suns each timid charm display, + They yield, and blushing, own the genial ray. + + Love, treacherous god, still fertile in deceit, + Long sought the maid, yet seem'd by chance to meet. + A shepherd's boy he came, in outward shew, + 185 His back no quiver bore, his hand no bow: + Careless he cried,—but so that she might hear, + «See Ivry's hero thro' our grove appear! + See Henry comes!» The voice of Love conveys + A secret wish to see him, and to please: + 190 A conscious blush diffus'd a livelier hue, + Love felt the charm, and glory'd in the view. + Sure of his triumph with such beauty's aid, + Full in the monarch's sight he plac'd the maid. + Around her dress he threw that careless air, + 195 It seem'd what Nature's self would choose to wear; + Her auburn locks in easy tresses play'd, + Now hid her snowy neck, and now betray'd; + No muse can paint what playful zephyr show'd, + Nor tell the charm that modesty bestow'd: + 200 Not the stiff airs that prudish virtue arm, + The foes of love, the bane of ev'ry charm: + Sweet, bashful grace, that bends the timid eye, + Spreads o'er the glowing cheek a heav'nly dye, + With soft respect extatic rapture blends, + 205 And heavn's pure bliss to Love triumphant lends. + + But Love does more: for Love what pow'r can bound? + A charm invincible he calls around, + Their tender boughs enchanted myrtles spread, + Rise thro' the earth and wave their taper head: + 210 Deluded mortals seek the tempting shades, + The secret charm their languid sense invades, + Around, a stream in lulling manner flows, + Of deep forgetfulness, of soft repose; + Bound in the chain no more they seek to move; + 215 Fame, honor, duty, what are you to Love? + Here all alike the sweet delusion share, + And breathe delicious poison with the air. + All whispers love, the birds on ev'ry spray + Prolong the kiss, and swell the am'rous lay; + 220 The hardy swain, who with the peep of dawn, + Jocund and careless sought the russet lawn, + Heaves as he goes involuntary sighs; + Unusual troubles in his breast arise, + Beat in his pulse, his loit'ring feet retain; + 225 Neglected lye the treasures of the plain: + The same soft charm the trembling maid deceives, + The herd forgot, the sheaf unbound she leaves. + How could d'Etree with such a pow'r contest! + A god invincible her soul possest. + 230 In vain, alas! that fatal day she strove, + With youth, with glory, with her heart and love. + In rain a rising voice in Henry's breast, + Back to his ranks the love-lost hero prest; + A pow'r unseen repell'd the gen'rous thought, + 235 His virtue vainly in himself he sought; + His soul empassion'd, deaf to honor's call, + Could hear but love, d'Etree possess'd it all. + + Meanwhile his chiefs, impatient on the plain, + His absence mourn'd, and sought their king in vain; + 240 A thousand dangers for his life appear'd, + For Henry's fame what danger could be fear'd? + No hope of victory the troops inspir'd, + Lost was their ardor when their chief retir'd. + Still the good genius of the realm was near, + 245 To cheer their courage, to dispel their fear. + Summon'd by Lewis, from the realm of light + Downward the spirit shap'd his rapid flight, + Around this earthly planet cast his eyes, + To find below a mortal truly wise. + 250 Not in the noisy school, or silent cell + Where pray'r, and meagre fast, and study dwell; + Amid the tumult of the martial train, + With rest and conquest flush'd, on Ivry's plain, + Where Calvin's banners to the sky were rear'd, + 255 The man he sought, the real sage appear'd: + Mornay was he.—Heav'n form'd the man, to show + That Reason's light may guide us here below; + Plato her voice, and good Aurelius heard, + She led the Pagan right, when Christian's err'd. + + 260 Such modest candour temper'd manly sense, + When Mornay censur'd, none could take offense; + For truth by him, in winning form convey'd, + Was but the virtue which his life display'd. + Still lean'd his heart the faults of men to bear, + 265 While reason told him, all men had their share; + But mid surrounding vices ever pure, + Nor ease nor pleasure could his soul allure. + As thro' the bosom of the briny tide, + Thy limpid waters Arethusa glide, + 270 And yet unsully'd by the neighb'ring deep, + Unmix'd and pure their spotless tenor keep. + + By friendship guided, gen'rous Mornay came + Where loiter'd Henry, mindless of his fame; + 275 The artful god prolong'd the am'rous trance, + And in her hero rul'd the fate of France. + No sameness there the varied bliss destroy'd, + No languor chill'd, no forward pleasure cloy'd; + Each wish attain'd, another wish inspires; + 280 Each new enjoyment led to new desires: + Such vary'd ways to please, love taught d'Etree, + Nor time nor habit stole one charm away. + The god with anger blushing as he view'd + Mornay and wisdom on his reign intrude: + Turn'd with revengeful instinct to his dart, + 285 And aim'd the deadly shaft at Mornay's heart. + His anger and his arms the sage defy'd, + His breast the bounding arrow turn'd aside: + Impatient for the monarch's lonely hour, + He rov'd indignant thro' th' enchanted bow'r. + + 290 Where silver streams a myrtle grove inclose, + The veil that timid love and mystry chose, + With all her charms d'Etree her lover blest: + Now flames consume, now languor fills his breast; + Soft drops of pleasure glisten'd in their eyes, + 295 Voluptuous tear that love knows how to prize; + No coy reserve the burning bliss restrain'd, + Fond passion, prodigal of pleasure, reign'd; + While Love's mute eloquence their lips employ, + Short sighs and gentle murmurs speak their joy: + 300 Their panting hearts with glowing transport swell, + Which love alone inspires, alone can tell. + + Young pleasures sporting in luxurious ease, + And infant Cupid's on his amour seize; + Some dragg'd the bloody cuirass o'er the ground, + 305 Or from his thigh, the pond'rous blade unbound; + Some from the casque the crystal torrent pour'd, + To wash the crimson spot that stain'd the sword, + And laugh as in their feeble hand they wield + The crown's support, the terror of the field. + 310 Discord, who view'd him with insulting spite, + In savage accents utter'd fierce delight; + Rous'd up the league, the happy moment prest, + Reviv'd her serpents drooping in her breast; + And while the monarch languished in repose, + 315 Blew the shrill blast, that gathered all his foes. + + A conscious blush on Henry's forehead glow'd + As Mornay met him in the soft abode: + Silent at first, the mutual look they fear'd, + But in that silence all the mind appear'd: + 320 And Mornay's eye to Henry's soul convey'd, + How wide from virtue and from fame he stray'd. + + The gentlest touch of blame we scarce endure, + How oft we loose the friend we mean to cure; + But Henry thus:—«My friend, be ever dear, + 325 Who speaks of virtue most be welcome here; + Come to my heart, which yet for glory burns; + My fame, my spirit, with my friend returns; + Away the sweets of vile ignoble rest! + The soft delusion which my soul possest! + 330 Far be the slave enamour'd of his chains; + The last great conquest o'er myself remains: + Glory beams forth—and love no more shall sway. + The blood of Spain shall wash the stain away». + + «There», Mornay cried,« the monarch's voice I own; + 335 There spoke the guardian of the Gallic throne: + Love thus subdu'd, adds lustre to your state; + Blest who ne'er feels it,—but who conquers, great». + + As Henry's lip pronounc'd the last forewel, + What advers passions in his soul rebel? + 340 Full of the beauty he adores and flies, + He blames the tear, yet tears still fill his eyes: + Now Mornay calls, now tender love retains; + He goes, returns, and going still remains: + But when she languish'd in his last embrace, + 345 Colour and life forsook her lovely face, + A sudden night obsur'd her radiant eyes: + The God beheld—air echo'd with his cries; + He trembled that the envious shades of night + Should rob his empire of a nymph so bright, + 350 And quench for ever 'mid th' unfeeling dead, + The flame those heav'nly eyes were form'd to spread; + He prest the drooping beauty in his arms; + With gentle sound recall'd her faded charms; + Her eyes half open'd, sought her love in vain, + 355 His name she sigh'd, and dropp'd their lids again. + To life, to love, the god recall'd the fair, + And bid young Hope repeat the tender pray'r. + But Mornay's soul, nor grief, nor beauty move, + Virtue and glory triumph over love: + 360 The vanquish'd God, with sullen shame withdrew, + And far from Anet's domes indignant flew. +</pre> + <h3> + FINIS. + </h3> + <div style="height: 6em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and +the Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad, by Virgil and Voltaire + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VIRGIL AND VOLTAIRE *** + +***** This file should be named 20144-8.txt or 20144-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/0/1/4/20144/ + +Produced by Zoran Stefanovic, Rénald Lévesque and the +Online Distributed Proofreaders Europe at +http://dp.rastko.net. This file was produced from images +generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale +de France (BnF/Gallica) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + + +</pre> + </body> +</html> diff --git a/20144.txt b/20144.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cba7c54 --- /dev/null +++ b/20144.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2017 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and the +Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad, by Virgil and Voltaire + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and the Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad + +Author: Virgil and Voltaire + +Translator: Anonymous + +Release Date: December 20, 2006 [EBook #20144] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VIRGIL AND VOLTAIRE *** + + + + +Produced by Zoran Stefanovic, Renald Levesque and the +Online Distributed Proofreaders Europe at +http://dp.rastko.net. This file was produced from images +generously made available by the Bibliotheque nationale +de France (BnF/Gallica) + + + + + + + + + + + THE FOURTH BOOK + of + VIRGIL'S AENEID, + and + THE NINTH BOOK + of + VOLTAIRE'S HENRIAD. + + Translated into English verse with a view of comparison + between the Latin, French, and English poetry. + + By the Translator of the HENRIAD. + + + + PARIS: + PRINTED BY CH. CRAPELET. + + 1804. + + + + +TO +MONSIEUR DELILLE. + + +SIR, + +After reading with infinite pleasure your masterly translations of +Virgil, I have been led into a train of reflection on the mechanism of +words, and on the manners, the ideas, and pursuits of Nations in as much +as they frequently give rise to the difference of character which we +remark in their language. Few literary discussions would I think be more +curious than an impartial comparative enquiry of this kind. + +Not only have the easy elegance and courtly air of your verses displayed +the French tongue in these respects worthy of your original; but have +inclined me to think that they have raised it near the highest pitch of +perfection of which it is at present capable, in the translation of a +Latin poet. After two brillant ages of literature the French language +did not, till you appeared, possess one translation of the great +masterpieces of antiquity, which might fairly be said to have attained +the rank of a classical work: while the English had been long enriched +with such translations of most of them, as will like yours, in all +probability share the immortality of their originals. In the cloud of +critics which superior lustre necessarily attracts, many perhaps were +not sufficiently aware of the peculiar difficulties of your undertaking, +from the nature of the materials which you had to employ, and some not +candid enough to compare the work which you have raised out of them, +with what they had hitherto been made to produce. + +That the English language might be so managed as to surpass the French +in expression of strong sentiments, in boldness of imagery, in harmony +and variety of versification I will not be sufficiently hardy to assert. +The universality of the latter must be admitted as a strong presumption +of its general excellency. Yet I cannot help wishing, that some pen +worthy to be compared with Monsieur Delille's would give the world an +opportunity of judging whether the former may not have some pretensions +to superiority in the instances which I have mentioned. + +Besides the length of time which has elapsed since the production of +Dryden's translation, you will recollect with a sigh, as I do, his own +expression: "What Virgil wrote in the vigor of age, in plenty and at +ease, I have undertaken to translate," says Dryden, "in my declining +years, struggling with want, oppressed with sickness, curbed in my +genius, liable to be misunderstood in all I write.--What I now offer is +the wretched remainder of a sickly age, worn out by study and oppressed +by Fortune"! + +It might not therefore be deemed sufficient to compare a work, produced +under such disadvantages, in the seventeenth century, (notwithstanding +the extraordinary powers of its author) with what is now becoming the +admiration of the nineteenth. Much less, sir, will it be just or candid +to suppose me capable of publishing my feeble attempt with any view of +comparison as to the merit of the performance.--Should it be asked, +what then could have been my inducement?--First, if I am fortunate +enough to excite others more capable than myself to try again the +comparative force of English language in a new translation, as you have +just shown how much can be done in French, I shall have obtained the +utmost bounds of my ambition. + +Secondly, I am happy to acknowledge the pleasure which I felt an +employing some long moments of leisure, on a subject wherein your genius +had taken such delight: I hove chosen the fourth book as that which I +have had the good fortune of hearing in your own verses, with all the +charms of your own recitation; and have pursued this occupation. + + Non ita certandi cupidus, quam propter amorem + Quod te imitari aveo---- + +I have the honor to be with great respect, +Your most obedient humble servant, + +P. L. + + + + + PREFACE. + + +The motives and design of this attempt are sufficiently explained in the +foregoing address, the ideas which gave rise to it have been confirmed +and enlarged in its progress. As some apology for them, it may not be +improper to observe here, that the English language seems to owe a great +portion of that energy for which it is remarked, to the old Anglo Saxon +idiom, which still forms its basis. It was enriched and softened by the +introduction of the French, though some are of opinion that most of its +foreign words, were adopted immediately from the Latin and not from any +modern tongue: and this opinion is corroborated by the observation, +that, during more than a century after the conquest, very little mixture +of French is perceivable in the style of English authors. Be that as it +may, it is certain that the constant attention of its earliest writers +to the Greek and Latin models, though sometimes carried to excess, has +added grace, variety, and extent to its construction. Sir Thomas Brown +who wrote his _Pseudodoxia Epidemica_, or Enquiry into Vulgar Errors, +about the middle of the seventeenth century, and whose style is still +much commended, says in his preface to that interesting work: "I confess +that the quality of the subject, will sometimes carry us into +expressions beyond meer English apprehensions. And indeed if elegancy of +style proceedeth, and English pens maintain that stream we have of late +observed to flow from many, we shall, in a few years, be fain to learn +Latin to understand English, and a work will prove of equal facility in +either". Milton, both in his verse and prose, has carried this +affectation to such a degree, as not only to be frequently beyond a meer +English apprehension, but even beyond that of an ordinary proficient in +the learned languages. Yet, so far were these innovations from being +considered as prejudicial, that one of the most admired writers of our +days, Dr. Johnson, did not scruple to confess, that he formed his style +upon the model of Sir Thomas Brown. The great number of excellent +translations which were constantly appearing through all its progressive +stages of improvement, must naturally have given the language a +classical turn. It is scarcely possible that a work so extensive, and so +universally read, as Pope's admirable translation of Homer, should not +leave some gloss of grecism upon the idiom into which so many of its +greatest beauties had been transfused. At the same time the early and +proud independence of the middle orders of people in England, prevented +them from conforming their language, their manners, or their sentiments +to the model of a court. Whereby if their expression did not acquire +politeness from that quarter, it did not loose any of its strength. +While the energy which their language is allowed to possess is the old +inheritance of their Anglo Saxon ancestors, whatever elegance it may +have acquired, is derived rather from Athens and Rome than from St. +James's.--The varied and extended occupations of a maritime and +commercial people have increased the fund from which imagery in +discourse is drawn, and as all occupations in such a nation are deemed +honorable, no metaphor is rejected as ignoble that is apt and +expressive. + +A number of ideas conveyed by monosyllables gives great force and +conciseness, but leaves the poet frequently to struggle with the +harshness of sound; nevertheless those who are conversant with English +poetry will have perceived that this difficulty is not always +insuperable. The different accentuation of the old Anglo Saxon words, +with those adopted from other tongues, affords uncommon variety and +emphasis to the numbers of English verse. The measure commonly used in +poetry of a higher style is of ten syllables, as that in French is of +twelve. Three English verses of ten syllables generally contain nearly +the same number of syllables as two Latin or Greek hexameters, but are +in most instances capable of conveying more ideas, especially in +translating from Greek which abounds so much in what seem to us +expletive particles. The _caesura_, or pause is not invariably fixed on +the same syllable of the verse, as in French; in the choice and variety +of its position, consists the chief art of appropriate harmony. +Accentuation of syllables, which seems, to answer the idea of long and +short syllables in the dead languages, is the foundation of English, +metre.--Tripple rhymes used with judgment have been admitted by the best +English poets, and now and then the introduction of an Alexandrine, or +verse of six feet. + +Though blank verse has still many admirers, the English ear is grown +remarkably delicate as to the consonance of rhymes; Dryden and Pope have +used many, which would not now be received. Masculine and feminine +rhymes are unknown in English. As the character of a language appears to +be the result of all the affections of the people who speak it, it did +not seem foreign to this design to compare the manner in which two such +great genius's as Virgil and Voltaire, have treated the same subject, +and to place the loves of Henry and Gabrielle in comparison with those +of AEneas and Dido. The elegance, the delicacies, the nicest touches of +refined gallantry come admirably forward with the brillant colouring, +the light and graceful pencil of Voltaire. The verse seems to flow from +his pen without effort into its natural channel, and some of his +descriptions would not loose by a comparison; but perhaps he has let it +be seen, that it would not be so easy a task to convey in the same +language the exquisite and deep strokes of passion, which the Roman +master has left to the admiration of the universe. To which of these +styles the English and the French languages are most fitted, and how far +they may be made to succeed in both, is one of the objects of an inquiry +which this undertaking was intended to promote. + +Whatever can be said by way of comment on the fourth book of the AEneid +has been so often repeated, and is so easily to be met with, that it was +thought needless to add any notes to this new translation. The few +instances in which there may appear some difference in the +interpretation of the original are scarce worth noticing. One perhaps +may appear to require some apology; most of the translators of Virgil +have represented Dido under the most violent impression of rage in her +first speech to AEneas. Whereas it would seem that the situation of her +mind is meant to be described before she addresses him, rather as wild +and frantic with doubt and fear, than actuated by rage. Whatever anger +she may feel, is yet so much tempered by love and hope, that she breaks +out, not into the language of rage, but of the most tender +expostulation, the most lively interest in his own welfare, the most +pathetic painting of her feelings and situation. It is a beautiful +appeal to love, to honor, and to pity. Not till after his cold answer, +does she burst into all the violence of rage, of contempt, and of +despair. This gradation has often been remarked as a principal beauty. +As some excuse for the coldness of AEneas which takes away so much of the +interest of the poem, Virgil is careful to recoil continually to our +attention, that he is acting under the impulse of the divinity. Such has +been the constant practice of the ancients to prevent our disgust, for +the action which they represent. In Orestes and Phoedra it is the excuse +of the violence of passion, in AEneas of that coldness which we find it +so difficult to forgive, but which in this point of view we shall be +inclined to pity. + +While these sheets were in the press MONSIEUR DELILLE has given the +world another proof of the powers of his mind, and displayed the French +language to vast advantage, in a more arduous strain of poetry that it +had yet attempted. The perspicuity for which it has always been +remarked, and to which it owes its charms in conversation as perhaps +also the dificulty with which it is adapted to works of poetical +imagination, is strongly exemplified in his translation of Paradise +Lost. If he has not always been able to make the french idiom bear him +through the aetherial regions in which the daring wing of Milton's muse +soars with so sublime a flight, he has descended not without dignity to +the sphere of human understanding. And I believe it may be safely +advanced, that it will be easier for ordinary capacities, even among +English readers, to understand the work of Milton, in this translation +than in the original. + + * * * * * + + +ARGUMENT. + + +AEneas, after escaping from the destruction of Troy and a long series of +adventures by sea and land, is driven by a storm raised by the hatred of +Juno on the coast of Affrica, where he is received by Dido, in the new +town of Carthage, which she was building, after her flight from the +cruelty of her brother in law Pigmalion, who had murdered her husband +Sicheus.--Venus dreading for her son AEneas, the influence of Juno upon +the mind of Dido, makes Cupid assume the forme of his child Julus or +Ascanius, and raise in the bosom of the Queen the most ungovernable +passion for AEneas. The fourth book begins by Dido's confessing her +weakness to her sister Anna, who gives her many plausible reasons for +indulging it, and advices her to make her peace with heaven and marry +her lover. Juno, finding herself outwitted by Venus and her favourite +Dido irrecoverably in love, accosts Venus first in a sarcastic tone but +afterwards in very persuasive language, endeavours in her turn to +deceive her, by obtaining her content to the marriage, by which means to +frustrate the fates which promised the empire of the world to the +descendants of AEneas in Italy. Venus, aware of the deceit, appears in a +very complimentary style to give into it, and consents to her projects. +While the Tyrian princess and the Trojan are hunting in a forest Juno +sends down a violent storm, and the Queen and AEneas take shelter alone +in a dark cavern.--There Juno performed the nuptial rite and the passion +of Dido was reconciled to her conscience.--Fame soon spreads the report +of this alliance.--Iarba, one of Dido's suitors, hears of it and +addresses an angry prayer to Jupiter Ammon from whom he was descended. +Jove sends down Mercury to order AEneas to leave Carthage. Dido +endeavours to make him alter this terrible resolution, falls into the +most violent paroxism of rage at his cold refusal, again melts into +tenderness, employs her sister to prevail upon AEneas, at least, to wait +till the wintry storms were past. All is in vain, and Dido resolved to +die, deceives her sister with an idea of magic rites to get rid of her +passion--and persuades her to raise a funeral pyle in her palace, AEneas +a second time admonished by Mercury sets sail; when Dido, at the break +of day, beholds his vessels out of reach she again bursts into a violent +fit of passion, but soon sinks into despair.--Accuses her sister's fatal +kindness, upbraids herself with her infidelity to the memory of Sicheus, +vents the most dreadful imprecations against AEneas and the Romans, who +were to be his ascendants, bequeaths all her hatred to her subjects, +than relaxes into a momentary tenderness at the sight of the nuptial +bed, the cloaths and pictures of AEneas which she had placed on the +funeral pyre, and at last puts an end to her life with the sword of her +faithless lover. + + + + + THE FOURTH BOOK + OF + VIRGIL'S AENEID, + TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH VERSE. + + + While Dido, now with rising cares opprest, + Indulg'd the pain; the flame within her breast + In silence prey'd, and burn'd in every vein. + Fix'd in her heart, his voice, his form remain; + 5 Still would her thought the Hero's fame retrace, + Her fancy feed upon his heav'nly race: + Care to her wearied frame gives no repose, + Her anxious night no balmy slumber knows; + And scarce the morn, in purple beams array'd, + 10 Chas'd from the humid pole the ling'ring shade, + Her sister, fond companion of her thought, + Thus in the anguish of her soul she sought. + Dear Anna, tell me, why this broken rest? + What mean these boding thoughts? who is this guest, + 15 This lovely stranger that adorns our court? + How great his mein! and what a godlike port! + It must be true, no idle voice of Fame, + From heav'n, I'm sure, such forms, such virtue came. + } Degenerate spirits are by fear betray'd, + 20 } His soul, alas, what fortunes have essay'd; + } What feats of war!--and in what words convey'd! + Were it not fix'd, determin'd in my mind, + That me no more the nuptial tye shall bind, + Since Death deceiv'd the first fond flame I knew: + 25 Were Hymen's rites less odious to my view, + To this one fault perhaps I might give way; + For must I own it? Anna since the day + Sicheus fell, (that day a brother's guilt, + A brother's blood upon our altars spilt); + 30 He, none but he, my feelings could awake, + Or with one doubt my wav'ring bosom shake. + Yes! these are symptoms of my former flame; + But sooner thro' her very inmost frame, + May gaping Earth my sinking feet betray; + 35 Jove's light'ning blast me from this vital ray + To Hell's pale shade, and Night's eternal reign, + Ere, sacred Honor, I thy rite profane. + Oh, no! to whom my virgin faith I gave, + "Twas his, and his remains within the grave". + + 40 She ceas'd--but down her bosom gush'd her tears. + "O dearer than the genial ray that cheers", + Her sister cry'd, shall lonely grief consume, + Lost to the joys of love your beauties bloom, + Lost to the joys, maternal feelings share? + 45 Do shades for this, do buried ashes care? + That new in grief no lover should succeed, + Tyrians in vain, in vain Iarba plead; + That every chief of Afric's wide domain, + In triumphs proud, should learn to sue in vain; + 50 'Twas well; but why a mutual flame withstand? + Can you forget who owns this hostile land? + Unconquer'd Getulans your walls surround, + The Syri untam'd, the wild Numidian bound. + Thro' the wide desert fierce Barceans roam: + 55 Why need I mention from our former home, + The deadly war, a brother's threats prepare? + For me, I think, that Juno's fost'ring care, + Some god auspicious, rais'd the winds that bore + Those Phrygian vessels to our Lybian shore. + 60 Their godlike chief should happy Dido wed, + How would her walls ascend, her empire spread? + Join'd by the arms of Troy, with such allies, + Think to what height will Punic glory rise. + Win but the gods, their sacred off'rings pay; + 65 Detain your guest; invent some fond delay. + See low'ring tempests o'er the ocean ply, + The shatter'd vessels, the inclement sky". + + Each word that dropt inflam'd her burning mind, + And all her wav'ring soul to love inclin'd; + 70 New gleams of hope in Dido's bosom play, + And Honor's bright idea fades away. + + Fain would the sisters now, by gift and pray'r, + With heav'n seduc'd, the conscious error share. + At ev'ry shrine, the fav'ring gods to gain, + 75 In order due are proper victims slain; + To Ceres, Bacchus, and the God of Light, + And Juno most, who tends the nuptial rite. + Herself the goblet lovely Dido bears, + Her graceful arm the sacred vessel rears; + 80 And where the horns above the forehead join, + Upon the snow-white heifer pours the wine: + Before the god with awful grace she bows, + Moves round the altar rich with daily vows, + Hangs o'er the victim, in its bosom pries, + 85 And through the breathing entrail darts her eyes. + Vain cares, alas! and rites too fondly paid! + The tortur'd soul, can vows, can altars aid? + Weak boast of priests, and ineffectual pray'rs! + In her own heart, unknown, her fate she bears. + 90 The pleasing flame upon her vitals feeds, + The silent wound within her bosom bleeds. + + She raves, she burns, and with uncertain mind, + Roams o'er the town; roams like the wounded hind, + Whom in the woods, unconscious of his deed, + 95 The hunter pierc'd, and left the trembling reed; + O'er woods, o'er quaries, from the pain she springs, + While in her flank the deadly arrow clings. + } So with AEneas love-sick Dido strays, +100 } Points to her town, her Tyrian wealth displays, + } While ev'ry look her longing soul betrays; + And fain her lips would tell the fond desire, + But scarce begun--the trembling words expire: + --When later hours convivial pleasure bring, + Then back to Troy, her thoughts impatient spring, +105 The well known story still enchants her ears, + She hangs enamour'd on each word she hears: + But when the moon with paler splendor glows, + When stars descending counsel sweet repose, + In the deserted hall, alone she mourns; +110 Each word, each look, upon her soul returns, + She sees him absent, hears him o'er again, + Presses the happy couch where he had lain; + Or with the father's rising form beguil'd, + Deludes her flame, and clasps the lovely child. +115 Each other care her burning thoughts refuse, + In arms no more her Tyrian youth she views; + No spreading moles the boistrous tide command; + The tow'rs, the forts, begun, unfinish'd stand: + The mighty structure threat'ning from on high +120 Hangs interrupted--all inactive lie + Unbrac'd,--the vast machines that thro' the air, + Lab'ring, the pond'rous mass, aloft, suspended bear. + + When Juno view'd the tumult in her breast, + That Fame with Passion could no more contest, + She sought the Cyprian queen, "What praise, what fame" +126 She cried, "what glorious triumph you may claim, + What high renown, for you and for your son! + Two mighty gods--one woman have undone! + I'm not deceiv'd, I know what jealous hate +130 Our rising walls and Punic pow'r create; + To what extreme, what purpose will it tend? + Why may not peace and nuptial union end + This dire debate?----You've gain'd your utmost aim; + Thro' every fibre Dido feels the flame; +135 She doats, she burns;--then let the nuptial rite, + At once the people, and the chiefs, unite, + And both the nations be alike our care; + The sceptre let the Phrygian husband bear, + And take my Tyrians for the nuptial dow'r". + +140 Venus who saw how much the Latian pow'r; + The promised empire in the Trojan line + Alarm'd the goddess, felt her false design, + But smiling said, "Who madly would refuse + Such offers--and eternal warfare choose? +145 Would Fortune friendly on our project wait. + But doubts within my mind arise, if Fate + And Jove allow, that, with the sons of Troy, + The Tyrian race one empire should enjoy, + The people mingled, and their rites combin'd. +150 'Tis yours; his queen, to try the thund'rer's mind; + Mine to obey"--"Be that my care," replied + Jove's sister Queen--"Now hear what I provide: + To-morrow, when the rising lamp of day + Shoots o'er the humid orb its golden ray, +155 Unhappy Dido and her guest of Troy + Together in the woods the chase enjoy, + When ev'ry mind is on the sport intent, + From gather'd clouds with livid light'ning rent, + Of rain and pelting hail, a horrid show'r, +160 With peals of thunder on their heads I'll poor: + All fly the storm, and in one dark retreat, + The Trojan hero, and the Queen shall meet; + There will I be; there if unchang'd your mind, + Shall Hymen's chain at once the lovers bind". + +165 The Queen of love perceiv'd her false intent, + Smil'd at the smooth deceit, and bow'd assent. + + Aurora now her wat'ry couch forsakes, + The chosen youth her earliest beam awakes, + The bounding steed, the highly scented hound, +170 Nets, toils, and spears, the palace court surround. + A favour'd band within the royal gate, + The Queen who still delay'd, respectful wait. + In purple trapping, burnish'd gold array'd, + Proud on the foaming bit, her courser play'd; +175 She comes; the court her graceful steps surround; + Her Tyrian vest, embroider'd fringes bound; + Her quiver gold, with gold her hair enlac'd, + A golden clasp her flowing mantle brac'd. + Next with his Phrygian youth Iulus came +180 On wings of joy; but charms divine proclaim + Cythereas offspring as he join'd the train. + + Thus when young Phoebus leaves the wintry plain, + From Lycia and the Xanthian flood, retires + To native Delos, and his sacred choirs; +185 Mingled in carols loud around his shrine, + Cretans and Greeks, and painted Scythians join. + Graceful on high the god o'er Cynthio glides, + His wanton locks with pliant gold divides, + With tender foliage crowns his radiant hair; +190 Wide sounds the dart bu spreading shoulders bear. + + AEneas moves not with inferior grace, + Such heav'nly beauty beam'd upon his face. + O'er hills and rocks, and thro' the pathless wood, + From their old haunts they rouse the savage brood; +195 Here downward springs the shaggy goat, and here, + From the steep cliff down rush the bounding deep, + Dart from the hills, in panting herds unite, + Stretch o'er the plain and spread their dusty flight. + As thro' the vale Iulus winds his steed, +200 Leads on the chase, and passes all in speed, + A nobler prey his youthful vows implore, + The tawny lion or the foaming boar. + + But murky clouds are gath'ring round the pole-, + In hollow murmur distant thunders roll; +205 The hail, the rain a mingled tempest pour, + Whole rivers swelling down the mountain roar, + The trembling youths of Troy, the Tyrian train, + Cytherea's grandson, scatter'd o'er the plain, + All fly the storm, and in one dark retreat +210 The Tyrian Queen and Trojan Hero meet. + Strait nuptial Juno, gives the fatal sign; + Pale flames the torch, and trembling Earth the shrine: + Night spread the veil;--and to the vow they swore + The murmuring air, ill omen'd witness bore. +215 The frighted Nymphs along the mountain height, + In doleful cries proclaim the genial rite. + That hour her death and all her sorrows wrought; + Then fame and honor vanish'd from her thought; + No more she struggles with a secret flame, +220 The crime is veil'd in wedlock's specious name. + + Soon thro' the Lybian towns, Fame blew the deed; + Fame, that outstrips all other ills in speed, + That feeds on motion, strengthens as she flies, +225 Weak, timid first, but soon of monstrous size, + Her feet on earth, amid the clouds her head. + + With Heav'n incens'd, her mother Earth 'tis said, + This sister added to the Giant brood, + With wings, with feet, with dreadful speed endu'd. + Huge horrid monster!----Ev'ry plume she wears +230 A watching eye conceal'd beneath it bears, + And strange to tell--on ev'ry feather hung + A gaping ear--a never ceasing tongue. + Sleep never enter'd yet those glaring eyes; + All night 'twixt earth and heav'n she buzzing flies; +235 All day sits watchful on the turrets height, + Or palace roof, the babbling town to fright. + Falsehood and truth, she spreads with equal real, + To gaping crouds rejoicing to reveal + What is, what was, and what has never been. +240 AEneas fled from Troy;--The Tyrian queen, + Her bed, her sceptre, with an exile shares; + And now forgetful of all other cares, + With shameful passion blindly led astray, + In love and joy they waste the hours away. + +245 This, all around Fame glories to diffuse, + And to Iarba next her flight pursues, + To fan the flame that in his bosom glows. + To Jove himself, his birth the monarch owes; + A nymph his mother, by a forc'd embrace; +250 And to the God, the author of his race, + Their lofty domes an hundred temples raise, + An hundred shrines with flames perpetual blaze, + Hung round with wreaths: through all his vast domain, + The soil was rich with blood of victims skin. +255 He, by the dire report, to madness fir'd, + Vents his dark soul by jealous rage inspir'd, + Before the gods, while curling incense blaz'd, + His suppliant hands to Jove almighty rais'd. + "All potent Jove! those eyes that view the Moor +260 From painted coaches full libations pour, + See they not this? Or when thy thunder rolls + Do causeless fears, O Father, shake our souls? + Is there no vengeance in the bolt you poise? + Is all but fancied horror, empty noise? +265 A woman, wand'ring outcast on our shore, + Bargains a petty spot and owns no more, + Accepts a portion of our coast to till, + Ev'n from our pity; from our royal will; + And she--the offer of our hand disdains, +270 And she--AEneas in her court detains! + + That Paris, with that woman crew, that wear + Those Phrygian bonnets on their scented hair, + Enjoys the spoil.--while I--thy power proclaim, + Adorn thy shrine, and feed on empty fame". +275 Thus, while he pray'd and bow'd before the shrine: + Th' Almighty hearing, throws his eyes divine + On Lybia's coast; there views the lovelest pair + Forgetting fame and ev'ry nobler care, + And quick commands the herald of the sky. +280 "Go, call the zephyrs, spread your pinnions, fly, + Fly to the Dardan chief who ling'ring waits + Mindless in Carthage of the promis'd fates; + Swift as the rushing wind, my order bear. + Not such a man--unworthy of her care, +285 His mother promis'd, when her powerful charms, + Twice, made me save him from the Grecian arms. + No--For Hesperia's realm a future king, + Thro' whom, from Teucer's blood untam'd to spring + A warlike race, the pregnant seeds to lay, +290 Of boundless empire, universal sway. + If he, unmov'd, such' proferr'd greatness sees, + Renouncing glory for ignoble ease. + } Julus too, must he forego his claim? + } Spoil'd by a father of his birthright fame, +295 } The pow'r, the glory, of the Roman name. + What mean these structures in a hostile place? + What hopes deceitful from his mind efface + Th' Ausonian offspring, the Lavinian land? + But let him sail--no more--bear my command". +300 Jove spoke--His son obey'd:--and to his feet + Bound the light wings of gold--wings ever fleet, + Which over earth and sea, through yielding air, + Swift as the wind the rapid herald bear; +305 And took the rod that calls the trembling ghost + To light, or binds it to the Stygian coast, + Gives balmy slumber, breaks the sweet repose, + Weighs down the lid of dying eyes that close. + Thro' storms and dripping clouds with this he glides; + Now o'er the summit and the hoary sides +310 Of Atlas hangs, pois'd on whose shoulders rest + The Heav'ns: his head eternal storms infest, + Crown'd with dark pines, inwrap'd with gloomy clouds; + Primeval snow his shaggy bosom shrouds, + Furrow'd with streams that down his chin descend, +315 And chains of ice from his broad beard that pend. + Here light the God--Balanc'd his equal wings, + And darting forward to the ocean flings. + Through misty air as nearer earth he drew, + Cutting the winds and whirling sands, he flew +320 Like birds, that hov'ring o'er the fishy main, + Drop from the sky', and skim the watry plain. + So from the height his mighty grandsire props, + Down on the pinion light Cyllenius drops; + And scarce his winged feet had touch'd the ground, +325 AEneas with the busy crew he found, + Planning new structures for the rising town. + Bright with a radiant gem his sword hung down, + A mantle graceful o'er his shoulder thrown + With sparkling gold and Tyrian purple shone. +330 'Twas Dido's present: thro' the blushing thread + The docile gold her taper fingers led. + The god accosts him.--"With uxorious care + The walls of Carthage does AEneas rear, + Himself forgotten and his future state? +335 But he that reigns--the pow'r who next to Fate, + Roles Earth and Heav'n, and moves them with a nod, + Thro' skies unclouded, he--the ruling God, + This to your ear commands me to convey; + Why on the Lybian shore this fond delay? +340 These rising tow'rs--If satisfied with these, + You barter glory for ignoble ease, + Your injur'd heir--your young Ascanius view, + Rome and th' Italian reign to him are due." + While thus the God convey'd what Jove resolv'd, +345 From human eyes in air his form dissolved. + + AEneas stood with sacred terror chill'd; + His hair erect, his lips with horror seal'd; + Aw'd by the present God, the high command, + He burns to fly, and leave the much lov'd land. +350 But how alas!--What words, what soothing art? + How meet the Queen, the sad design impart? + Now here, now there, his wav'ring soul inclin'd; + He bends on ev'ry side his anxious mind: + And thus at length his doubting councils end. +355 He bids Cleanthus and the chiefs attend, + The crews assemble and the ships prepare, + In silence hid the object of their care; + While Dido yet the faithless dream deludes, + And not one doubt upon her bliss intrudes: +360 That he, mean while, the fittest time would seek, + The fittest place the sad reverse to speak. + + In secret they, the pleasing task pursue; + But soon--(what can escape a lovers view) + Soon Dido saw the change, her boding mind +365 Fancied, foresaw, or felt what they desgn'd. + Trembling, alive to all she sees or hears, + Suspecting ev'ry thing, she doubts, she fears, + While Fame that wounded feeling never spar'd, + The crews on board announced, the fleet prepar'd: +379 Till mad'ning flames within her bosom rise; + Distracted, furious, o'er the town she flies, + Wild as the Woodnymph when the frantic rite + And Bacchanalian shout, to rage excite + Madder and louder as the God invades, +375 She hears him bounding thro' the midnight shades. + + Dido, herself, at length, AEneas sought; + Could you, false man, conceive the cruel thought, + To hide a crime so great--unseen to go,-- + Silent, unnotic'd--Would you leave me so? +380 Has love no charm, has plighted faith no tie? + Nor Dido doom'd a cruel death to dye. + And for yourself--unfeeling!--when die skies + With tempest low'r--when wintry blasts arise, + You tempt the dang'rous ocean--to explore +385 A distant, strange, unhospitable shore. + Had Troy herself existed, who would brave + For Troy herself, the treach'rous wintry wave. + 'Tis me you fly--Oh, by your sacred vow, + By these sad tears, (they're all that's left me now +390 To move your heart); by all our solemn ties, + By what I've suffer'd, by our shortliv'd joys, + If gratitude has giv'n me any right, + If any charm in me once gave delight, + Do not desert the wreck yourself have made, +395 Nor from my falling state withdraw your aid. + If yet there's any pow'r in pray'rs like mine, + Oh pity me; recal that sad design-- + See Africa pow'rs, my feeble realm pursue, + My Tyrians hearts are gone,--'Tis all for you, +400 To you I've sacrific'd my brightest claim, + My sacred honor--all my former fame: + Since the dear name of husband is forgot, + Think, cruel guest, of wretched Dido's lot. + What prospect in her ruin'd state remains? +405 Pygmalions vengeance--proud Iarba's chains. + Of you--of all that's dear in life bereft, + Oh were some pledge of mutual passion left: + Some young AEneas, in whose face alone + His father's dear resemblance I might own, +410 With infant grace my lonely court to cheer, + Not lost, not widow'd quite I should appear". + + She ceas'd.--With eyes unmov'd,--o'er aw'd by Jove + He stood, and with contending passions strove. + At length he spoke. "For ever I confess +415 I owe you all that words could e'er express, + And in this grateful heart Eliza reigns, + While life itself, and memory remains. + Ne'er did I hope my voyage to conceal; + Never, (my words are few for all I feel), +420 Be not deceiv'd, no, never did I join + These nuptial ties, nor this alliance sign. + Had Fate, alas, allow'd me to dispose, + To end these troubles in the way I chose, + The ruins of my friends, the wreck of Troy, +425 Should all my care, and all my hope employ. + Then, sailing back to Asia's fertile shore, + For them, should Priam's city rise once more. + But now 'tis Italy Apollo shows, + 'Tis Italy the Lycian fates propose, +430 My country's there, there all cry vows unite. + Far from your native soil, if you delight + In Afric's coast, these walls if you enjoy; + Allow Ansonia to the sons of Troy. + We too, in foreign lands a state may raise. +435 As oft as Night her humid veil displays, + Oft as the stars, in solemn glory rise, + My father's murm'ring ghost before my eyes + Brings young Ascanius, and upbraiding stands, + And claims th' Hesperian crown, the promised lands; +440 And even now--(on both their heads I swear) + From Joves high throne above, thro' flitting air, + } The thund'rer's will, the herald God declar'd; + } These eyes beheld him, and these ears have heard; + } He past these walls, and in broad day appear'd. +445 Then cease the wounding accent of complaint-- + I follow not my will, but Heav'n's constraint". + + She heard his words--but turning from his view, + Now here, now there, her eyes indignant threw. + She fix'd him with a scornful silent cast, +450 All over view'd him--and burst forth at last. + + "No, faithless monster, no! Nor race divine, + Nor Dardan sire, nor Goddess mother thine! + Form'd in the flinty womb of rocks accurst, +455 Begot by Caucasus, by tygers nurst. + What need I more? why doubt of what is plain? + One sigh, one look, did all my tears obtain. + How name his crimes? did loves extremest woe, + Move that hard heart, or cause one tear to flow! + But will Jove's Queen who guards the nuptial vow, +460 Will mighty Jove himself, such deeds allow? + Whom now confide in? Cast upon my shore, + Shipwreck'd, distress'd, a friendly aid I bore: + Himself, his fleet, his friends, from ruin drew, + Nay, foolish woman! shar'd my kingdom too, +465 Now,--my rage to very madness tends: + Now Lycian fates, now Phaebus he pretends, + } Nay mighty Jove himself, thro' flitting air + } Sends down a god his dread command to bear. + } A worthy object, truly, for his care! +470 A mighty thing, to break the God's repose! + But go, such fates no longer I oppose; + Go, seek Ausonia in the hollow wind, + And in the frothy surge a kingdom find. + Yes may you find--just Heav'n my wishes serve! +475 Dash'd on some rock, the fate that you deserve. + Then, when you call on injure! Dido's name, + I'll follow glaring in the light'ning's flame; + When Death's cold hand this wretched soul shall free, + My ghost shall haunt you, wheresoe'er you be. +480 Yes wretch--be sure--the vengeance will be paid. + 'Twill reach my ear--'twill sooth my angry shade". + While yet she spoke, she trembling turn'd away, + Broke from his sight, and shun'd the light of day. + +485 She left him struck with fear, with grief opprest; + Opposing thoughts revolv'd within his breast. + Her languid step her maids supporting led, + And plac'd her fainting on the nuptial bed. + + Much as he wish'd the mourner to console, + To speak soft comfort to her wounded soul, +490 To grief, to doubt, to pow'rful love a prey, + Jove's sov'reign will, the hero must obey, + He views the fleet, his brave companions cheers, + Hauls down the bark and to the ocean veers; + The sides well calk'd, the briny wave defy, +495 The living woods, their shapeless limbs supply, + From the green oar the bleeding leaf they tear, + They run, they toil, they press the phasing care. + + In gath'ring numbers from the town they pour, + Wind o'er the plain, and spread along the shore +500 Like ants, that forage for a future day, 500 + And to their stores the plunder'd wheat convey; + In narrow columns move the sable train; + These with main strength roll on the pond'rous grain; + These press the march, and these the loit'rers drive; +505 They go, they come, their path seems all alive. + + Ill fated Queen! what pangs your bosom tore, + What sighs you heav'd, as on the moving shore, + The busy crews, assembling in your sight, + With dashing waves, their horrid shouts unite. +510 Love, in our heart! how boundless is thy force! + To tears again, to pray'r she has recourse; + Love bends her soul each suppliant art to try, + Each humble suit, ere she resolve, to die. + "See, Anna, see, the crowded beach they hide, +515 See how they spread, they swarm from ev'ry side; + Their open sails already court the wind, + The stern with wreaths the joyful sailors bind. + Oh had I thought such ills could e'er ensue + Perhaps I should have learn'd to bear them too? +520 Now grant me, Anna, grant this one request! + False man! his friendship you alone possest; + To you his heart was open, none but you, + The soft access, the pliant moment knew. + Go sister then, my haughty foe intreat, +525 Tell him to Troy I sent no hostile fleet; + Nor yet, at Aulis, was I one that swore, + United vengeance to the Dardan shore. + Have I disturb'd his father's sacred shade, + That to be heard--not mere--in vain I've pray'd? +530 Tho' clos'd his ears to me, can be deny + This last, this least request! where would he fly? + Bid him remain till wintry storms subside, + Till kinder breezes, smooth the ruffled tide. +535 The nuptial vow, which he so vainly swore, + His plighted faith no longer I implore, + Nor yet his Latian kingdom to forego: + Some fruitless space, some breathing time for woe, + 'Till fate have thought the wretch subdu'd to grieve, + Is all I beg--Obtain this last reprieve-- +540 For pity gain it,--and the short delay + With all her parting soul, will Dido pay". + So pray'd the Queen, and o'er and o'er again, + Pray'rs, sighs, and tears her sister urg'd in vain; + Unmov'd he stands by tears, by pray'rs by sighs, +545 The fates oppose, the God his ear denies. + Thus from the rock, the patient work of years, + His knotted strength an oak majestic rears, + When Alpine storms on ev'ry side contend, + Now here, now there his rooted mass to bend, +550 Each labour'd limb resounds, and from his head + The rustling spoils in heaps the ground o'erspread. + He grasps the rock unmov'd, and proudly shoots + As high to heav'n his head, as down to hell his roots. + With storms as fierce the lab'ring Hero torn, +555 Now here now there by swelling passion borne + Sunk in his soul a mighty load of woe, + His mind unshook--tears unavailing flow. + + 'Twas then that Dido, sinking with her fate, + In all its horror view'd her wretched state. +560 The light of heav'n grew odious to her sight, + She call'd on Death, and each religions rite + With horrid omens urg'd the dark design: + The milky juice flowed black upon the shrine; + And dire to tell, the sacred wine she bore +565 Fell from the cup in fleaks of clotted gore. + These horrid sighs, to her alone reveal'd, + Ev'n from her sister's friendship she conceal'd. + But more--a temple in the palace stood + With snow-white fleeces hang, with garlands strew'd, +570 Where to her former husband's honor'd shade + Assiduous worship, daily vows she paid: + There, when the night, unroll'd her sable pall + She hears his voice in doleful murmurs call, + While from the roof the fated owl alone +575 In deep complaint prolongs the funeral tone. + Beside, what ills had been foretold before, + Now on her mind, a dread impression bore. + Her aching eyes did broken slumbers close, + AEneas like a vengeful fury rose: +580 Alone--forsaken--distant from her home, + Driv'n o'er the desert--she appears to roam + With sinking steps,--abandoned--left behind, + Thro' burning sands her native Tyre to find. + So mad Pentheus saw two suns arise, +585 Two Thebes appear before his haggard eyes. + So wild Orestes flies his mother's rage, + With snakes, with torches arm'd across the stage, + To 'scape her vengeance whereso'er he goes, + Pale furies meet him and his flight oppose. + +590 Now when despair had settled on her mind, + What way to meet the death that she design'd + Fill'd all her thoughts. Her sister she addrest + While treach'rous smiles beguil'd her soul distrest. + "Rejoice, my friend, while I the means impart, +595 To gain his love or drive him from my heart: + A place there is where AEthiopia ends, + And into ocean's lap the sun descends; + Where Atlas on his spreading shoulders bears, + And turns the shining glory of the spheres. +600 Thence comes a priestess, in Massyla rear'd, + Who for the watchful Dragon food prepar'd; + Th' Hesperian temple 'twas her charge to keep, + The drowsy flow'rs in liquid honey steep, + And watch the golden branches on the tree. +605 She, at her will, the lab'ring mind can free, + With mystic verse,--or deadly cares enforce, + Repell the stars--arrest the rivers course; + Raise the dead shade, the trembling mountain rend, + And make the wood with horrid sound descend. +610 By heav'n and thee, thou nearest to my heart, + Against my will I fly to magic art. + But in the inmost court, in open air, + A lofty pile thou, dearest friend, prepare, + There let his arms, my nuptial couch that grac'd, +615 There ev'ry thing he faithless left be plac'd; + And fast that bed--sad witness of my fall; + The priestess orders to destroy them all. + Of the sad deed be left no conscious trace--" + She ceas'd and smil'd,--but death was in her face. +620 Anna obey'd; prepar'd the pyre; her mind + Conceiv'd no fear of all the Queen design'd, + Nor with such deep despair, her spirit fraught, + Nor worse than when Sicheus fell she thought. + In open air, but in a court inclos'd, +625 Rich pine and cloven oak the pyre compos'd; + The Queen herself the lofty sides around, + With flow'rs of death, funereal fillets bound; + Then o'er the pyre, upon the nuptial bed, + His sword, his portrait, all he left, she spread; +630 Her spirit labour'd with the dread design; + All round were altars rais'd for rites divine. + There stands the priestess with dishevell'd hair; + (Her voice like thunder shakes the trembling air) + Thrice on the hundred gods aloud she calls, +635 Deep night and chaos, thrice her Voice appalls; + The triple form that Virgin Dian wears, + Infernal Hecate's threefold nature hears. + For stygian waters that surround the dead, + Enchanted juice, a baleful vapour shed. +640 Black drops of venom--potent herbs she steep'd, + With brazen scythes, by trembling Moonlight reap'd. + And from the filly's infant forehead shorn + A powerful philter from the mother torn. + The Queen her sacred off'ring in her hands, +645 With one foot bar'd, before the altar stands; + Her zone unbound releas'd her flowing vest; + The conscious gods her dying words attest, + The start that bear our fate, and if above + A pow'r remains, that pities injur'd love. + +650 'Twas night when o'er the earth in soft repose, + All that exist, the load of life depose; + When woods are hush'd, and murmuring billows done, + When stars descending half their course have run; + In silence all--The beasts, the feather'd brood, +655 That swim the lake, or haunt the thicket wood, + All thro' the silent night, in balmy sleep + Their hearts reliev'd in sweet oblivion steep. + Not wretched Dido--night descends in vain + Her eyes unclos'd, and unrepriev'd her pain; +660 Rest flies her soul, and sleep her couch forsakes; + Care through the livelong night incessant wakes; + Now love, now rage, in midnight silence nurst, + Back on her soal with doubted fury burst. + From wave to wave of boiling passion borne, +665 "What now remains, she cries--despis'd, forlorn, + Must Dido now, poor suppliant wretch, implore, + And court the husband she disdain'd before; + Or must I on their fleet submissive wait; + And from those Dardan lords expect my fate? +670 Oh! yes!--by former favours I may guess + What gratitude they'll feel in my distress. + But if--which way! what means?--What pow'r have I? + How will their pride my humble suit deny? + Oh senseless being! have I yet to know, +675 How far, that perjur'd, Trojan race can go? + And then--alone attend their joyful crew, + Or with my Tyrian force their fleet pursue? + Yes,--and the men I scarce from home could tear, +680 Will they for me again the ocean dare. + No--meet the death you merit.--Let the sword-- + 'Tis all that's left, this sad relief afford. + Oh, sister, to my tears so weakly kind, + You nurst this fatal error in my mind, + } You wrought my fate, you gave me to my foe; +685 } As Nature free, unshar'd my days might flow, + } No guilty joy, no faithless partner know, + No pangs like these I bear,--and not to you, + Dear injur'd shade, Sicheus not untrue". + Long as the gloomy shades o'erhung the pole, +690 Such cares revolving prey'd upon her soul. + + Meanwhile AEneas in his fleet repos'd, + His doubts remov'd, and all for flight dispos'd. + To him the form divine he'd seen before, + Appear'd in sleep--again his mandate bore; +695 The graceful limbs of youth, the flaxen hair, + The voice, the rosy hue, Jove's son declare. + "O goddess born! can sleep weigh down your eyes, + Clos'd to the dangers which around you vise? + Senseless!--the zephyrs waste their fav'ring breath, +700 While brooding in a soul resolv'd on death + Some black design, matures, some treach'rous blow, + Haste then and fly, while yet you've pow'r to go. + You'll see, if here you wait the morning ray, + The port block'd up, the shore to flames a prey. +705 Woman's a thing so variable and light! + Haste then away. He spoke and mix'd with night. + + AEneas trembling as the phantom flew, + Started from sleep, and rous'd the slumb'ring crew. + "Rise, rise, companions, each one to his oar; +710 Hoist ev'ry sail--a god sent down once more, + Impels our flight--Be quick--stand out to sea, + The cables cut. Great God, whoe'er you be + Thy words again exulting we obey. + Be present, rule our stars--direct our way +715 Propitious". He spoke, his whirling falchion drew, + The halser cut, the bark impatient flew, + All felt the impulse--dashing thro' the tide + They quit the shore, their barks the ocean hide; + The boiling wave their oars alternate sweep, +720 They bend, they pull, they cut the sounding deep. + + Now rising from Tithonius golden bed + Fresh beams of rosy light Aurora shed; + And as the scatter'd shades were pierc'd with grey, + The Queen from high beheld them under way, +725 Their swelling sail the fav'ring breezes bent, + The shore, the port, a lonely space present. + Oh then her lovely bosom in despair + She beat. Oh then she tore her flaxen hair. + "He's gone--Almighty heav'n, he's gone! she cries, +730 That wand'ring exile all my pow'r defies. + Arm, arm, my warriors--sally from the town; + Pursue the wretches--haul my gallies down; + Bring flaming brands, with sails with oars pursue. + --What have I said, alas! what would I do? +735 Where am I--and my mind what phrenzy leads! + Now Dido, now, you feel your impious deeds. + Then was the time, your sceptre when you shar'd. + O thou for faith, for piety rever'd! + This, this is he whose pious shoulders bore +740 His gods, his father, from the Trojan shore! + Why did I not those limbs to pieces tear, + Behold the waves, the bloody fragments bear, + Cut off his friends and sever'd with the sword, + Serve up Ascanius at his father's board! +745 His fortune might prevail--and so it might! + What has despair to fear--in Fortune's spite + I'd fire the fleet, the town, the son, the sire, + The race extinguish, and with joy expire. + "O Sun, whose beams all earthy deeds reveal, +750 Juno who know and witness what I feel, + Hecate whose howl the midnight hour affrights, + Gods of my parting soul--avenging sprites, + Accept my vow, my pray'r expiring hear; + The ills I bear are worthy of your ear". + +755 "If so the fates decree, if Jove command, + That, he accurst, shall reach th' Italian land, + There may he meet in arms, a warlike race, + There helpless rove, torn from his son's embrace, + His friends untimely end there let him feel; +760 For succour there to strangers meanly kneel; + And when for peace, ingloriously he sues, + His crown, his life, untimely may he lose, + And lie unburied on the naked shore; +765 With the last breath of life this pray'r I pour. + And you, my Tyrian friends--thro' times extent + On that curst race eternal hatred vent. + These gifts, these honors, let my ashes reap, + No peace, no treaty with that people keep. +770 Rise, rise some vast avenger from my tomb, + With fire with sword that Dardan breed consume. + Now and as long as Fate the pow'r shall lend, + May shore with shore--may wave with wave contend, + So prays my soul--let arms with arms engage, + And children's children war eternal wage. + +775 So Dido pray'd, while her distracted thought + To shun light's hated beams, impatient sought. + To Barce then, her husband's nurse, she said, + (Her own at Tyre, within the tomb was laid). + Go, Barce, go my sister hither bring +780 With water sprinkled from the sacred spring; + Bid her the victims lead, the rites prepare, + And you yourself a sacred fillet wear: + The rite began to Stygian Jove we'll end, + My cares shall vanish as the flames ascend, +785 His image wasting as the pyre consumes"; + She spoke--the step of age officious haste assumes. + + But now the ripen'd project chill'd her soul; + Thro' starting blood her eyeballs burning roll; + Her cheek convuls'd with spots of livid red, +790 All pale and ghastly, Death approaching spread. + Strait to the court with darting stop she bends, + With frantic haste the funeral pyle ascends, + And from the scabbard draws the Dardan blade. + (Sad gift, alas, for no such purpose made), +795 But when the bed, and Trojan vest she view'd; + That well known bed--she paus'd--and pensive stood. + Tears found their way--once more that bed she prest + As these last words her parting breath exprest. + "Dear pledges! yes!--while heaven allow'd it so? +800 Now take this soul---relieve me from this woe; + I've liv'd, whatever fortune gave is o'er; + No common shade I seek the dreary shore, + My walls arise, I leave a glorious state; + --Not unreveng'd I view'd my husband's fate; +805 Alas, too happy--had the envious gales, + To Lybia's coast, ne'er bent the Phrygian sails". + She ceas'd--and kiss'd again the fatal bed: + "--And must I die--and none avenge me dead? + Yes, yes! I die, since fate will have it so, + Thus, even thus, well pleas'd beneath the shades I go; +810 These rising flames his cruel eye shall meet, + A dreadful omen to attend his fleet"! + + With this they saw her falling on the sword; + Her blood along the reeking weapon pour'd, +815 Ran trickling down her hands.--Now horrid cries + Through all the palace all the town arise-- + Fame blows the deed--loud shouts from heav'n rebound, + And groans and yells and female shrieks resound, + As loud and shrill as if to foes a prey, +820 Carthage or ancient Tyre abandon'd lay, + And thro' the temples and abodes of man, + Fierce flames with undistinguish'd fury ran. + Her sister hears the tumult of despair, + She starts--she tears her breast, she reads her hair, +825 And wildly bursting thro' the gathering crowd, + Calls on her dying sister's name aloud: + Dido--Dear sister--how am I betray'd! + For this, these flames--this pyre, these shrines I made. + Oh what complaints for me forlorn suffice! +850 Could you, resolv'd to die, your friend despise, + Was I unworthy deem'd to share your end? + One pang our souls should free, one fate attend. + I call'd our gods--my hands these rites prepar'd; + You go without me, and our fate unshar'd? +835 Oh, sister! this sad deed has ruin'd all; + With you, your state, your friends, your sister fall. + --But pour the stream--I'll wash the blood away, + And if some ling'ring breath of life delay, + These lips shall catch it.--On the pyre she prest +840 Her sister, just expiring, to her breast; + She wip'd the blood--and Dido heard her cries, + And strove to raise in rain her languid eyes, + They clos'd again,--and babbling in the wound + The frothy blood hiss'd forth a horrid sound. +845 Thrice on her hand she lean'd to raise her head, + And thrice sank down unable on her bed; + Her eyes half fix'd, she open'd to the day, + And groan'd that stil they felt the vivid ray. + Till Juno who beheld her ling'ring death, +850 The painful agony of parting breath, + Sent Iris down in pity from the sky, + To free her soul, and loose the stubborn tye. + For since unclaim'd by Fate, before her day, + She fell to love forlorn a guiltless prey, +855 } To cut the tress, the queen of night delay'd, + } The flaxen hair that on her forehead stray'd, + } Nor yet consign'd her to the Stygian shade. + + Then Iris, going from the sunbeam drew + A thousand colours, varying as she flew; +860 Her dewy wing in liquid azure spread, + Dropt down the sky, and hov'ring o'er her head + "Pluto, this fated lock I bear to thee, + And from this body set the spirit free", + She said--Her fingers cut the flaxen hair, +865 The heat dissolv'd--the soul exhal'd in air. + + + * * * * * + + + + + THE + HENRIAD. + + + CANTO IX. + + + + ARGUMENT. + +Description of the Palace of Love.--Discord implores his aid to bend the +unconquerable courage of Henry IV.--Description of Gabrielle d'Etree. +Henry, passionately enamoured with her; quits his army, and loses the +advantages of his victory at Ivry. Mornay seeks him in his retreat, +tears him from the arms of his mistress, and restores him to his army. + + + WHERE fam'd Idalia's happy plains extend, + As Europe's bounds begin and Asia's end, + Stands an old palace, long by time rever'd; + The first rude plan the hand of nature rear'd; + 5 But soon, disdaining Nature's simple taste, + Intruding art the modest fabric grac'd. + + There vernal breezes fann'd the myrtle shade, + Soft odour breath'd, and beams unclouded play'd. + No tyrant winter e'er despoil'd the grove, + 10 Bid feather'd warblers end the note of love, + Or bound the murm'ring rill in icy chains. + Eternal verdure crown'd the blissful plains; + No labour Earth requir'd, no season knew, + Unbid by man her smiling harvest grew; + 15 Round mellow fruit, the timid blossom twin'd, + Gay Flora's bloom to rich Pomona join'd. + + Not wanton Nature when her reign began, + Such blessings lavish'd on her fav'rite man; + The thoughtless joy which from abundance flows, + 20 Days without care, and nights of calm repose: + All to delude the mind, to charm the sense, + All Eden e'er could boast,--but innocence. + + Sweet music wafted on the balmy breeze, + Invited languor and voluptuous ease, + 25 While am'rous lays in dulcet note proclaim + The lovers triumph, and the fair one's shame. + There to the laughing god in flow'rs array'd, + The graceful throng their daily homage paid; + There in his temple learn'd the fatal art, + 30 To please, seduce, and captivate the heart. + Young Hope, in flatt'ring smiles for ever gay, + To Love's mysterious altar leads the way: + The graces round, half veil'd and half in sight, + Enticing motion with their voice unite; + 35 While Indolence, luxurious laid along, + Listless and loit'ring, hears the tender song. + There, silent Myst'ry, with the veil she wears, + And eyes conversing with the soul, appears, + Attentive tender cares, attracting smiles, + 40 Gay sport and mirth, and all that thought beguiles. + Lascivious pleasures group'd with wanton ease; + And soft desires that more than pleasure please. + + Such the delightful entrance of the dome: + But onward if with guardless step you roam, + 45 And thro' the deep recess audacious pry, + What alter'd scenes of horror strike your eye! + No pleasures form'd in playful groupes invite, + No dulcet sounds the ravish'd ear delight; + 50 No tender cares:--- But in their place appear, + Sullen Complaint, and cloy'd Disgust, and Fear; + There, fever'd Jealousy with livid hue, + And falt'ring steps unwinds Suspicion's clew; + Arm'd with the blood-stain'd instruments of death, + There, Rage and Hatred spread their poison'd breath; + 55 While Malice, brooding over secret guile, + Repays their labour with a treach'rous smile; + Remorse, that never sleeps, brings up the rear, + Hates his own deed, and drops a barren tear. + There, Love, capricious child, had chose to reign, + 60 And pains and pleasures were his motely train; + Cruel and kind by turns, but ever blind, + The dear delight, the torment of mankind, + Thro' ev'ry camp, thro' ev'ry senate glides, + Commands the warrior, o'er the judge presides; + 65 Still welcome to the heart, he still deceives, + Pants in each bosom, thro' all nature lives. + + High on a throne of endless conquest vain, + Love bids the monarch drag his servile chain; + And glorying less to please, than to destroy, + 70 In scenes of woe exults with savage joy. + + Him, Discord sought, by Rage relentless led, + The timid pleasures knew the fiend and fled; + Her eyes were fire, fresh blood her forehead dy'd, + Around she whirl'd her flaming torch, and cry'd: + 75 "Why sleeps my brother o'er the poison'd dart? + His pow'r forgetting o'er the human heart? + Did ever Love the flames of Discord waft, + Or Discord's venom tinge Love's deadly shaft? + Did I for Love, bid madd'ning worlds engage? + 80 Rise then--avenge my insult, serve my rage; + Behold a conqu'ring king my pow'r defy! + Crush'd by his hand, behold my serpents die! + See dove-ey'd Mercy smiling by his side, + Thro' fields of civil rage his faithful guide; + 85 See to his standard ev'ry heart return, + While I my falling empire vainly mourn: + Let him, with her, obtain one conquest more, + Paris is his, and Discord's reign is o'er: + Her smiles will gild the triumph which he gains, + 90 Then what is left for me but hopeless chains! + But Love shall wind this torrent from its course, + And soil his glories in their limpid sourse; + Spite of the virtues which adorn his mind, + In am'rous chains that haughty spirit bind. + 95 Can you forget what heroes once you charm'd, + Whom at her feet fair Omphale disarm'd? + Whose purple sail before Augustus flew, + Who lost the world for Egypt's queen and you? + To these proud trophies Henry's name unite, +100 Beneath your myrtle all his laurels blight: + You serve yourself, when you my throne maintain, + For Lore and Discord must together reign". + So spoke the monster, and the vault around + Trembling, threw back on Earth the deadly sound. + +105 Love heard, and answ'ring with a doubtful smile, + Where half was sweetness, half insidious guile, + His golden quiver o'er his shoulder threw, + And gliding soft thro' yielding azure flew. + Pleasure, the graces, and unthinking sport, +110 Born by the Zephyr, were his wanton court. + + Pois'd on his even wing, he look'd with joy + On Simois, and the plain where once was Troy; + A smile the triumph of his heart betray'd, + To view the mighty ruin Love had made. +115 On Venice, long were bent his partial eyes, + Thro' the blue main where gilded domes arise: + Old Neptune saw them pierce the curling wave, + Own'd the audacious conquest,--and forgave. + To fam'd Sicilia next his flight he bends, +120 Stoops on the purple pinion, and descends + Where he himself inspir'd the Mantuan swain, + And taught Theocritus his tender strain; + There, Fame reports, by ways unknown, he led + The am'rous stream to Arethusa's bed. +125 Then on the downy sail he sought Vaucluse, + Retreat of Petrarch's love and Petrarch's muse; + Fond Echo yet remember's Laura's name; + And what she gave in love repays in fame. + Eure's winding shores his fond attention draw, +130 Where Love's own work, Anet's proud dome he saw; + The fretted ceiling, Henry's cypher grac'd, + By Love himself with fair Diana's plac'd. + The graces dropt a crystal tear, and threw + Around her urn fresh roses as they flew. + +135 His wing at length on Ivry's plain he clos'd, + Where Bourbon's thunder for a lime repos'd; + But while the native of the wood he chas'd, + The manly sport war's dreadful image trac'd. + Love spread his chains, and sharp'ning ev'ry dart, +140 Inhuman pleasure bounded in his heart. + + "Arise ye winds," he cried, "the storm prepare, + Collect the pregnant clouds, and dim the air; + The hanging torrent from their bosom pour, + Bid forked lightening fly, and thunders roar". +145 Too soon the blust'ring slaves his will obey'd + Their dusky pinions spread a moving shade; + } O'er the bright scene, dark low'ring mist they drove, + } The languid beam with night usurping strove, + } Pale Nature wept the change and knew the work of Love. + +150 Benighted and alone, the king pursu'd + A light that glimmer'd thro' the distant wood: + Love whirl'd his torch, and cast the treach'rous ray, + Like earth-born vapours glitt'ring to betray: + Which lead the trav'ller to the fatal brink, +155 Then leave him to his wretched doom and link. + + Fate so decreed it--in this lonely spot, + Retreat and calm, a noble fair one sought; + Far from the tumult of contending arms, + A solitary castle hid her charms, +160 Her tender form from all mankind conceal'd, + While war detain'd her father in the field. + But while his sov'reign's toil the vet'ren shar'd, + His lovely child the fost'ring graces rear'd. + D'Etree (that name the favour'd mortal bore), +165 Of ev'ry, charm exhausted Nature's store. + Not on Eurota's bank, so beauteous shone + The faithless partner of the Spartan throne; + Not she who conquer'd, whom the world obey'd, + On Cydnus when in pomp of charms array'd, +170 Mortals deceiv'd, in awful rapture gaz'd, + And incense to the present goddess blaz'd. + Scarce had she gain'd the charming dang'rous years, + A pow'r too sure, when rising passion bears. + Pure as heav'ns image in the crystal deep, +175 Ere clouds arise, when wanton zephyrs sleep, + Her breast for love and gen'rous feeling form'd, + No sigh had heav'd, no tender passion warm'd. + + In vain the treasures of the budding rose, + From am'rous gales their modest folds enclose; +180 As vernal suns each timid charm display, + They yield, and blushing, own the genial ray. + + Love, treacherous god, still fertile in deceit, + Long sought the maid, yet seem'd by chance to meet. + A shepherd's boy he came, in outward shew, +185 His back no quiver bore, his hand no bow: + Careless he cried,--but so that she might hear, + "See Ivry's hero thro' our grove appear! + See Henry comes!" The voice of Love conveys + A secret wish to see him, and to please: +190 A conscious blush diffus'd a livelier hue, + Love felt the charm, and glory'd in the view. + Sure of his triumph with such beauty's aid, + Full in the monarch's sight he plac'd the maid. + Around her dress he threw that careless air, +195 It seem'd what Nature's self would choose to wear; + Her auburn locks in easy tresses play'd, + Now hid her snowy neck, and now betray'd; + No muse can paint what playful zephyr show'd, + Nor tell the charm that modesty bestow'd: +200 Not the stiff airs that prudish virtue arm, + The foes of love, the bane of ev'ry charm: + Sweet, bashful grace, that bends the timid eye, + Spreads o'er the glowing cheek a heav'nly dye, + With soft respect extatic rapture blends, +205 And heavn's pure bliss to Love triumphant lends. + + But Love does more: for Love what pow'r can bound? + A charm invincible he calls around, + Their tender boughs enchanted myrtles spread, + Rise thro' the earth and wave their taper head: +210 Deluded mortals seek the tempting shades, + The secret charm their languid sense invades, + Around, a stream in lulling manner flows, + Of deep forgetfulness, of soft repose; + Bound in the chain no more they seek to move; +215 Fame, honor, duty, what are you to Love? + Here all alike the sweet delusion share, + And breathe delicious poison with the air. + All whispers love, the birds on ev'ry spray + Prolong the kiss, and swell the am'rous lay; +220 The hardy swain, who with the peep of dawn, + Jocund and careless sought the russet lawn, + Heaves as he goes involuntary sighs; + Unusual troubles in his breast arise, + Beat in his pulse, his loit'ring feet retain; +225 Neglected lye the treasures of the plain: + The same soft charm the trembling maid deceives, + The herd forgot, the sheaf unbound she leaves. + How could d'Etree with such a pow'r contest! + A god invincible her soul possest. +230 In vain, alas! that fatal day she strove, + With youth, with glory, with her heart and love. + In rain a rising voice in Henry's breast, + Back to his ranks the love-lost hero prest; + A pow'r unseen repell'd the gen'rous thought, +235 His virtue vainly in himself he sought; + His soul empassion'd, deaf to honor's call, + Could hear but love, d'Etree possess'd it all. + + Meanwhile his chiefs, impatient on the plain, + His absence mourn'd, and sought their king in vain; +240 A thousand dangers for his life appear'd, + For Henry's fame what danger could be fear'd? + No hope of victory the troops inspir'd, + Lost was their ardor when their chief retir'd. + Still the good genius of the realm was near, +245 To cheer their courage, to dispel their fear. + Summon'd by Lewis, from the realm of light + Downward the spirit shap'd his rapid flight, + Around this earthly planet cast his eyes, + To find below a mortal truly wise. +250 Not in the noisy school, or silent cell + Where pray'r, and meagre fast, and study dwell; + Amid the tumult of the martial train, + With rest and conquest flush'd, on Ivry's plain, + Where Calvin's banners to the sky were rear'd, +255 The man he sought, the real sage appear'd: + Mornay was he.--Heav'n form'd the man, to show + That Reason's light may guide us here below; + Plato her voice, and good Aurelius heard, + She led the Pagan right, when Christian's err'd. + +260 Such modest candour temper'd manly sense, + When Mornay censur'd, none could take offense; + For truth by him, in winning form convey'd, + Was but the virtue which his life display'd. + Still lean'd his heart the faults of men to bear, +265 While reason told him, all men had their share; + But mid surrounding vices ever pure, + Nor ease nor pleasure could his soul allure. + As thro' the bosom of the briny tide, + Thy limpid waters Arethusa glide, +270 And yet unsully'd by the neighb'ring deep, + Unmix'd and pure their spotless tenor keep. + + By friendship guided, gen'rous Mornay came + Where loiter'd Henry, mindless of his fame; +275 The artful god prolong'd the am'rous trance, + And in her hero rul'd the fate of France. + No sameness there the varied bliss destroy'd, + No languor chill'd, no forward pleasure cloy'd; + Each wish attain'd, another wish inspires; +280 Each new enjoyment led to new desires: + Such vary'd ways to please, love taught d'Etree, + Nor time nor habit stole one charm away. + The god with anger blushing as he view'd + Mornay and wisdom on his reign intrude: + Turn'd with revengeful instinct to his dart, +285 And aim'd the deadly shaft at Mornay's heart. + His anger and his arms the sage defy'd, + His breast the bounding arrow turn'd aside: + Impatient for the monarch's lonely hour, + He rov'd indignant thro' th' enchanted bow'r. + +290 Where silver streams a myrtle grove inclose, + The veil that timid love and mystry chose, + With all her charms d'Etree her lover blest: + Now flames consume, now languor fills his breast; + Soft drops of pleasure glisten'd in their eyes, +295 Voluptuous tear that love knows how to prize; + No coy reserve the burning bliss restrain'd, + Fond passion, prodigal of pleasure, reign'd; + While Love's mute eloquence their lips employ, + Short sighs and gentle murmurs speak their joy: +300 Their panting hearts with glowing transport swell, + Which love alone inspires, alone can tell. + + Young pleasures sporting in luxurious ease, + And infant Cupid's on his amour seize; + Some dragg'd the bloody cuirass o'er the ground, +305 Or from his thigh, the pond'rous blade unbound; + Some from the casque the crystal torrent pour'd, + To wash the crimson spot that stain'd the sword, + And laugh as in their feeble hand they wield + The crown's support, the terror of the field. +310 Discord, who view'd him with insulting spite, + In savage accents utter'd fierce delight; + Rous'd up the league, the happy moment prest, + Reviv'd her serpents drooping in her breast; + And while the monarch languished in repose, +315 Blew the shrill blast, that gathered all his foes. + + A conscious blush on Henry's forehead glow'd + As Mornay met him in the soft abode: + Silent at first, the mutual look they fear'd, + But in that silence all the mind appear'd: +320 And Mornay's eye to Henry's soul convey'd, + How wide from virtue and from fame he stray'd. + + The gentlest touch of blame we scarce endure, + How oft we loose the friend we mean to cure; + But Henry thus:--"My friend, be ever dear, +325 Who speaks of virtue most be welcome here; + Come to my heart, which yet for glory burns; + My fame, my spirit, with my friend returns; + Away the sweets of vile ignoble rest! + The soft delusion which my soul possest! +330 Far be the slave enamour'd of his chains; + The last great conquest o'er myself remains: + Glory beams forth--and love no more shall sway. + The blood of Spain shall wash the stain away". + + "There", Mornay cried," the monarch's voice I own; +335 There spoke the guardian of the Gallic throne: + Love thus subdu'd, adds lustre to your state; + Blest who ne'er feels it,--but who conquers, great". + + As Henry's lip pronounc'd the last forewel, + What advers passions in his soul rebel? +340 Full of the beauty he adores and flies, + He blames the tear, yet tears still fill his eyes: + Now Mornay calls, now tender love retains; + He goes, returns, and going still remains: + But when she languish'd in his last embrace, +345 Colour and life forsook her lovely face, + A sudden night obsur'd her radiant eyes: + The God beheld--air echo'd with his cries; + He trembled that the envious shades of night + Should rob his empire of a nymph so bright, +350 And quench for ever 'mid th' unfeeling dead, + The flame those heav'nly eyes were form'd to spread; + He prest the drooping beauty in his arms; + With gentle sound recall'd her faded charms; + Her eyes half open'd, sought her love in vain, +355 His name she sigh'd, and dropp'd their lids again. + To life, to love, the god recall'd the fair, + And bid young Hope repeat the tender pray'r. + But Mornay's soul, nor grief, nor beauty move, + Virtue and glory triumph over love: +360 The vanquish'd God, with sullen shame withdrew, + And far from Anet's domes indignant flew. + + +FINIS. + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Fourth Book of Virgil's Aeneid and +the Ninth Book of Voltaire's Henriad, by Virgil and Voltaire + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VIRGIL AND VOLTAIRE *** + +***** This file should be named 20144.txt or 20144.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/0/1/4/20144/ + +Produced by Zoran Stefanovic, Renald Levesque and the +Online Distributed Proofreaders Europe at +http://dp.rastko.net. This file was produced from images +generously made available by the Bibliotheque nationale +de France (BnF/Gallica) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/20144.zip b/20144.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..d2cf87a --- /dev/null +++ b/20144.zip diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..df117fa --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #20144 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/20144) |