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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, Mayfair, Belgravia, and Bayswater, by
+Geraldine Edith Mitton, Edited by Sir Walter Besant
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: Mayfair, Belgravia, and Bayswater
+       The Fascination of London
+
+
+Author: Geraldine Edith Mitton
+
+Editor: Sir Walter Besant
+
+Release Date: April 26, 2007  [eBook #21218]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND
+BAYSWATER***
+
+
+E-text prepared by Susan Skinner and the Project Gutenberg Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team (https://www.pgdp.net)
+
+
+
+Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
+      file which includes the original maps and illustration.
+      See 21218-h.htm or 21218-h.zip:
+      (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/1/2/1/21218/21218-h/21218-h.htm)
+      or
+      (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/1/2/1/21218/21218-h.zip)
+
+
+
+
+
+The Fascination of London
+
+MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_IN THIS SERIES._
+
+Cloth, price 1s. 6d. net; leather, price 2s. net each.
+
+
+THE STRAND DISTRICT.
+
+By SIR WALTER BESANT and G. E. MITTON.
+
+
+WESTMINSTER.
+
+By SIR WALTER BESANT and G. E. MITTON.
+
+
+HAMPSTEAD AND MARYLEBONE.
+
+By G. E. MITTON. Edited by SIR WALTER BESANT.
+
+
+CHELSEA.
+
+By G. E. MITTON. Edited by SIR WALTER BESANT.
+
+
+KENSINGTON.
+
+By G. E. MITTON. Edited by SIR WALTER BESANT.
+
+
+HOLBORN AND BLOOMSBURY.
+
+By SIR WALTER BESANT and G. E. MITTON.
+
+
+HAMMERSMITH, FULHAM, AND PUTNEY.
+
+By G. E. MITTON and J. C. GEIKIE.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+[Illustration: HYDE PARK CORNER]
+
+
+
+
+The Fascination of London
+
+MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA AND BAYSWATER
+
+by
+
+G. E. MITTON AND OTHERS
+
+Edited by Sir Walter Besant
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+London
+Adam & Charles Black
+1903
+
+
+
+
+PREFATORY NOTE
+
+
+A survey of London, a record of the greatest of all cities, that should
+preserve her history, her historical and literary associations, her
+mighty buildings, past and present, a book that should comprise all that
+Londoners love, all that they ought to know of their heritage from the
+past--this was the work on which Sir Walter Besant was engaged when he
+died.
+
+As he himself said of it: "This work fascinates me more than anything
+else I've ever done. Nothing at all like it has ever been attempted
+before. I've been walking about London for the last thirty years, and I
+find something fresh in it every day."
+
+Sir Walter's idea was that two of the volumes of his survey should
+contain a regular and systematic perambulation of London by different
+persons, so that the history of each parish should be complete in
+itself. This was a very original feature in the great scheme, and one in
+which he took the keenest interest. Enough has been done of this section
+to warrant its issue in the form originally intended, but in the
+meantime it is proposed to select some of the most interesting of the
+districts and publish them as a series of booklets, attractive alike to
+the local inhabitant and the student of London, because much of the
+interest and the history of London lie in these street associations.
+
+The difficulty of finding a general title for the series was very great,
+for the title desired was one that would express concisely the undying
+charm of London--that is to say, the continuity of her past history with
+the present times. In streets and stones, in names and palaces, her
+history is written for those who can read it, and the object of the
+series is to bring forward these associations, and to make them plain.
+The solution of the difficulty was found in the words of the man who
+loved London and planned the great scheme. The work "fascinated" him,
+and it was because of these associations that it did so. These links
+between past and present in themselves largely constitute The
+Fascination of London.
+
+G. E. M.
+
+    Some attempt has been made in this volume to indicate the quality
+    of the district described by inserting one or two names of present
+    occupiers; but these names are only representative, and must not be
+    considered as constituting in any sense exhaustive lists.
+
+
+
+
+MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER
+
+
+Mayfair is at the present time the most fashionable part of London, so
+much so that the name has come to be a synonym for wealth or pride of
+birth. Yet it was not always so, as he who runs may read, for the
+derivation is simple enough, and differs from most cases in that the
+obvious meaning is the right one. In James II.'s reign a permission was
+given for a fair to be held on the north side of Piccadilly, to begin on
+the first day of May, and to last for fifteen days. This fair, we are
+told, was "not for trade and merchandise, but for musick, showes,
+drinking, gaming, raffling, lotteries, stageplays and drolls." It was
+immensely popular, and was frequented by "all the nobility of the town,"
+wherein, perhaps, we see the germs of the Mayfair we know. It must be
+remembered that Grosvenor and Berkeley Squares, with their diverging
+streets, were not then begun, and that all this land now covered by a
+network of houses lay in fields on the outskirts of London, while Hyde
+Park Corner was still the end of the world so far as Londoners were
+concerned. It was about the end of the seventeenth century that the
+above-mentioned squares were built, and at once became fashionable, and
+as the May fair continued to flourish until 1708, it must have seen the
+growth of the district to which it was to give its name. Though
+suppressed, doubtless on account of disorders, it revived again, with
+booths for jugglers, prize-fighting contests, boxing matches, and the
+baiting of bears and bulls, and was not finally abolished until the end
+of the eighteenth century.
+
+But Mayfair is not the only district to be noticed; we have also its
+rival--Belgravia--lying south of Hyde Park Corner, which is equally
+included in the electoral district of St. George's, Hanover Square. This
+electoral district takes in the three most fashionable churches in the
+Metropolis, including the mother church, St. Paul's, Wilton Place, and
+St. Peter's, Eaton Square, besides many others, whose marriage registers
+cannot compete either in quantity or quality of names with these three.
+The district can also show streets as poor as some are rich; it includes
+not only Park Lane and Piccadilly, but also Pimlico and the dreary part
+to the south of Buckingham Palace Road. It is a long, narrow district,
+stretching from the river to Oxford Street. As a parish, St. George's
+was separated from St. Martin's in 1724, and it is now included in the
+city of Westminster, with which it has been associated from its earliest
+history. In the charter given by King Edgar to the monks at Westminster,
+their possessions were defined as reaching to the highroad we now call
+Oxford Street on the north, and to Tyburn Lane, or Park Lane, on the
+west. But of this the parishes of St. Margaret and St. John at
+Westminster were the City, and the rest lay in the "Liberties."
+
+The larger portion of the district is included in the ancient estate of
+Eia, 890 acres in extent, reaching from the Bayswater Road to the
+Thames, which was given by William the Conqueror to Geoffrey de
+Mandeville, who at his death bequeathed it to the Abbey of Westminster.
+In Domesday Book it is divided into three manors of Hyde, Ebury, and
+Neyte. Of these the first occupies the site of Hyde Park; Ebury, from
+Knightsbridge to Buckingham Palace Road; Neyte, nearer the river, was
+the favourite residence of the Abbots. Here John of Gaunt lived, and
+here, in 1448, John, son of Richard, Duke of York, was born. The monks
+remained in possession until dispossessed by Henry VIII. in 1536. Hyde
+then became a royal hunting-ground. Neyte, or Neat, and Ebury remained
+as farms, which in 1676 came into the possession of the Grosvenor family
+by the marriage of Mary, daughter and heiress of Alexander Davies of
+Ebury, with Sir Thomas Grosvenor, Bart. With her came also the
+Grosvenor Square property, extending from Oxford Street to Berkeley
+Square and Dorchester House, and from Park Lane to South Molton Lane and
+Avery Row. Other large landholders in the district are the Crown--Hyde
+Park, and Buckingham Palace; Lord Fitzhardinge, the Berkeley estate; the
+City of London, New Bond Street and parts of Conduit Street and Brook
+Street; Earl Howe, Curzon Street; Sir Richard Sutton, Piccadilly; the
+Dean and Chapter of Westminster, Knightsbridge; and the Lowndes family,
+Lowndes Street and Chesham Place.
+
+More than a quarter of the district is covered by Hyde Park, 394 acres
+in extent. Long before its acquisition by the Crown in 1536 it had been
+a favourite royal hunting-ground, and it so continued until Charles I.'s
+accession, when it was opened to the public. During this reign, and
+until 1736, the world of fashion centred round the Ring, a circular
+drive planted with trees, some of which are still carefully preserved on
+the high ground near the Ranger's house, though all trace of the roadway
+has long been obliterated. The Park was sold by auction during the
+Commonwealth, but resumed by the Crown at the Restoration, and in 1670
+was enclosed with a brick wall and restocked with deer, who have left
+their traces in the name of Buck Hill Walk and Gate, close to the east
+bank of the Serpentine. This prettily-laid-out area, formerly known as
+Buckden Hill or the Deer Paddock, is now tenanted only by peacocks,
+ducks and rabbits.
+
+The Serpentine, a noble stretch of water of 50 acres, has already been
+described in "Kensington."
+
+Hyde Park has always been noted for its springs. In 1725 the Chelsea
+Waterworks Company obtained a license to supply the surrounding
+districts, and built a reservoir and engine-house near Grosvenor Gate,
+which existed until 1835, when, on the recall of the license, the
+engine-house was demolished and the basin laid out with flower-beds and
+a fountain. The present reservoir stands in the centre of the Park,
+while opposite Stanhope Place on the north side is a Gothic drinking
+fountain, the gift of the Maharajah of Vizianagram. The oldest of the
+present roads in Hyde Park is Rotten Row, made by William III.; it is
+now reserved for riding only, while under the trees on either side rank
+and fashion have lounged and gossiped since the days of the Ring. The
+popular derivation of the name is from Route du Roi, since it was known
+first as the King's or Lamp Road; but possibly it has its origin in the
+soft soil of which the ride since 1734 has been composed. The south
+road, now the fashionable drive, was made by George II. about 1732, as a
+short way to Kensington Park. The road from Alexandra Gate to Victoria
+Gate crosses the Serpentine by a stone bridge built by Rennie in 1826,
+and is the only one open to hired vehicles, which were first forbidden
+the use of the Park in 1695. From the Serpentine a soft ride runs
+parallel to the roadway as far as the Marble Arch; from this point Hyde
+Park Corner is reached by a broad drive bordered with flower-beds and
+trees, which replace the famous double avenue of walnuts cut down in
+1811. It is much patronized by society, who congregate opposite Hyde
+Park Corner, near the Achilles statue, by Sir R. Westmacott, R.A., cast
+from captured French cannon, and erected at a cost of £10,000 by the
+women of England in 1820, "in honour of the Duke of Wellington and his
+brave companions in arms." It is copied from a Roman antique, but the
+name is a misnomer. The road along the north side of the Serpentine is
+now thronged every day with bicyclists, to whom the Park has been lately
+thrown open. Here also are held the annual meets of the Four-in-Hand and
+Coaching Club during the season. This road was widened in 1852. Of past
+and present buildings in Hyde Park the following may be noted: When the
+Serpentine was made, an old lodge was demolished which may have been the
+tavern known in the reign of James I. as the "Grave Maurice's Head," and
+which later became Price's Lodge. Up to 1836, on the bank of the
+Serpentine stood an old house called the Cake House, and close to it was
+the old receiving house of the Royal Humane Society, which was replaced
+in 1834 by the present building, designed by Decimus Burton. Among the
+trees behind it is an old farmhouse (Hyde Park Lodge), the residence of
+Major-General Bateson, Deputy Ranger, adjoining which are the old
+barracks, now a police-station and guard-room, the head-gardener's
+house, built in 1877, and the old magazine. The new magazine stands
+close to the Serpentine Bridge, and contains over 1,000,000 rounds of
+ammunition. Near Grosvenor Gate stood the Duke of Gloucester's
+riding-house, built in 1724, which, after serving as the headquarters of
+the Westminster Volunteer Cavalry, was demolished in 1824. The old
+Ranger's Lodge at Hyde Park Corner was pulled down when Apsley House was
+built.
+
+The principal entrance to Hyde Park is at Hyde Park Corner, and consists
+of a triple archway combined with a fluted Ionic screen, by Decimus
+Burton, completed in 1828. The iron gates are by Bramah. Cumberland
+Gate, the next in importance, was opened in 1744, with wooden gates.
+Here in 1643 was posted a court of guard to watch the Oxford Road, where
+the Court was residing, and here also military executions took place.
+The Marble Arch, an imitation by Nash of the Arch of Constantine at
+Rome, erected originally as an entrance to Buckingham Palace, was moved
+to this site in 1851. Albert Gate was made in 1841, on the site of the
+Cannon Brewery. The iron gates were set up in 1845, and the stone stags
+on either side were brought from the old Lodge in the Green Park.
+
+The remaining gates are Alexandra Gate and Prince of Wales's Gate,
+erected since 1851; Victoria Gate, Grosvenor Gate, made in 1724 by
+subscription of the neighbouring inhabitants; and Stanhope Gate, opened
+about 1760. There are also numerous entrances for foot passengers.
+
+The present Park railing was put up after the Reform Riots in 1866 to
+replace the one demolished by the mob, which had stood since 1825.
+
+In duelling days Hyde Park was a favourite battle-ground. Of many
+encounters the following may be recorded:
+
+1685. The Duke of Grafton and the Hon. John Talbot, the latter being
+killed.
+
+1712. The Duke of Hamilton and Lord Mohun, which took place near Price's
+Lodge. Both died on the ground, and Lord Mohun's second, General
+Macartney, was afterwards tried, on the accusation of Colonel Hamilton,
+for stabbing the Duke when on the ground; he was, however, acquitted.
+
+1763. John Wilkes was wounded by Mr. Samuel Martin, M.P.
+
+1770. Lord Thurlow and Mr. Andrew Stewart.
+
+1777. Charles James Fox and Mr. William Adam, M.P.
+
+1780. Colonel Fullarton, M.P., wounded the Earl of Shelburne.
+
+After 1803 the practice of duelling fell gradually into disuse.
+
+In troublous times military camps occupied the open ground, notably in
+1649 under Lord Essex, in 1665 during the Plague, and in 1715 and 1722
+to guard against Jacobite rebellion.
+
+Reviews have been held at intervals from 1569 until 1876, but are now of
+very rare occurrence.
+
+Hyde Park has also been the scene of some serious riots, notably those
+in 1821 on the occasion of the removal of Queen Caroline's body; in 1885
+against the Sunday Trading Bill; and in 1862 the Garibaldi disturbances.
+The most important riot, however, broke out in 1866, when the Reform
+Leaguers forcibly entered the Park by pulling down the railing. From the
+Reform League the Reformer's tree near the reservoir took its name;
+though the original one has been felled, the name is still applied to a
+neighbouring tree, and political demonstrations, which have been
+declared legal since 1866, are still held on the open space in the
+vicinity.
+
+Oxford Street, which forms the northern boundary of the district, has
+already been described in the book on "Marylebone," with which district
+it is closely identified. It is only necessary here to mention some of
+the notable houses on the south side which fall within our compass.
+
+The first is Camelford House (Lord Hillingdon), an unpretentious
+building in a courtyard, once the property of the Pitts, Earls of
+Camelford. George Grenville occupied it in 1805, and subsequently H.R.H.
+Princess Charlotte and her husband, afterwards Leopold I. of Belgium.
+Adjoining it is Hereford Gardens, a row of handsome private houses built
+in 1870 on the site of Hereford Street (1780).
+
+At the corner of Lumley Street (south side) is the Royal Association in
+Aid of the Deaf and Dumb. The building, erected in 1870 from designs by
+Sir A. Blomfield, of red brick, contains a reading-room, lecture-hall,
+and on the upper floor St. Saviour's Church, in early Pointed style.
+
+From Dering Street, on the south side of Oxford Street, the garden of
+Lord Carnarvon's house in Tenterden Street extended nearly to Harewood
+Place. On the site are a noticeable stone-fronted house, now a carriage
+warehouse, and the Royal Orthopædic Hospital, founded 1838 and removed
+here from Bloomsbury Square in 1856.
+
+Park Lane, up to 1769 called Tyburn Lane, was in the reign of Queen Anne
+a desolate by-road, but is now a favourite place of residence for the
+fashionable persons in the Metropolis. It is open to Hyde Park as far as
+Hamilton Place, whence it reaches Piccadilly by a narrow street. At its
+junction with the former stands an ornamental fountain by Thorneycroft,
+erected in 1875 at a cost of £5,000, the property of a lady who died
+intestate and without heirs. At the base are the muses of Tragedy,
+Comedy, and History in bronze, above Chaucer, Shakespeare and Milton in
+marble, the whole being surmounted by a bronze statue of Fame. The
+principal mansions in Park Lane are: Brook House, at the north corner of
+Upper Brook Street, designed by T. H. Wyatt, and the residence of the
+Earl of Tweedmouth, and next to it Dudley House. Dorchester House
+(Captain Holford) was built by Vulliamy in 1852 on the site of the town
+house of the Damers, Earls of Dorchester. The building, which stands in
+its own grounds, is rectangular, and constructed of Portland stone in
+Italian Renaissance style. On the narrow front is a carriage portico.
+The reception rooms and marble staircase have few rivals in London; they
+contain two libraries and a collection of pictures by old and modern
+masters. Here died in 1842 the Marquis of Hertford. Londonderry House,
+No. 18 (Marquis of Londonderry), was built in 1850 by S. and J. Wyatt on
+the site of the residence of the D'Arcys, Earls of Holdernesse. It
+contains a fine gallery of pictures and sculpture. Other inhabitants:
+the Duke of Somerset, in a house adjoining Camelford House, No. 35; Sir
+Moses Montefiore, d. 1885; Park Lane Chambers, Earl Sondes, Lord
+Monkbretton.
+
+At the corner of Upper Grosvenor Street (then No. 1, Grosvenor Gate)
+Benjamin Disraeli lived 1839-73. No. 24, Lord Brassey. No. 21, for many
+years the Marquis of Breadalbane, and afterwards Lady Palmerston, when
+left a widow in 1850; Earl of Scarborough. Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton at a
+house then numbered 1. In 23, Richard Sharp, 1822-24; Mrs. Fitzherbert,
+1785; Warren Hastings, 1790-97; Marquis Wellesley, 1796.
+
+Grosvenor Square and the surrounding streets have always been the centre
+of the aristocratic world; the Square, which includes about six acres,
+was built in 1695. The garden was laid out by Kent, and in the centre
+stood formerly an equestrian statue of George I., by Van Nost, placed
+there in 1726. On the site, in 1642, was erected a fort named Oliver's
+Mount, which stood as one of the defences against the Royalists until
+1647. Owing to the prejudices of the inhabitants, Grosvenor Square was
+not lit by gas until 1842.
+
+Inhabitants: Duchess of Kendal, d. 1743; Earl of Chesterfield, 1733-50;
+Bishop Warburton, 1757; Lord Chancellor Hardwicke, 1758-64; Lord
+Rockingham, d. 1782; Henry Thrale, d. 1781; Lord North, d. 1792; Thomas
+Raikes, 1832; Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles; 10, Lord Canning and Lord
+Granville, 1841; 22, William Beckford, 1800; 23, the Earl of Derby here
+married Miss Farren, actress, in 1797; his successors resided here until
+1832; Lord Stratford de Redclyffe, d. 1880; 24, the Earl of Shaftesbury;
+29, Sir John Beaumont; 30, John Wilkes, d. 1797; 39 (now 44), the Earl
+of Harrowby, 1820 (here the Cato Street conspirators proposed to murder
+the Ministry); 44, Countess of Pembroke. The houses have since been
+renumbered. To give a list of the present inhabitants of note would be
+impossible; it would be like copying a page out of the Red Book. Suffice
+to say there are living in the Square two Dukes, one Marquess, three
+Earls, six Barons, and five Baronets, beside many other persons of
+distinction.
+
+At the corner end of Park Street, and in South Street and Aldford
+Street, the old houses have been pulled down and have been replaced by
+large, red-brick, ornamented structures, such as have also been erected
+in Mount Street, Grosvenor Street, and North and South Audley Street.
+The spaces behind the houses are occupied by mews. Great improvements
+have also been effected since 1887 in the housing of the working
+classes, particularly in the neighbourhood of Oxford Street, and in
+Bourdon Street and Mount Row, by the erection of blocks of industrial
+dwellings by the St. George's and Improved Industrial Dwellings
+Companies, under the auspices of the Duke of Westminster.
+
+In Park Street, formerly called Hyde Park Street, lived Miss Nelly
+O'Brien, 1768; 7, Sir William Stirling Maxwell, M.P.; 26, Sir Humphry
+Davy, 1825, till his death; 113, Miss Lydia White, d. 1827; 123, Richard
+Ford, author of "The Handbook for Spain." In North Audley Street,
+opposite Green Street, is St. Mark's Church, built from designs by J. P.
+Deering in 1825-28, and reconstructed in Romanesque style in 1878.
+Adjoining is the Vicarage, built in 1887, and at the back the St. Mark's
+Institute, containing a church-room, mission-room, gymnasium, and a
+working men's club. Attached to the institute are the parish schools,
+built soon after 1830, and enlarged and repaired in 1894.
+
+Near the church lived the Countess of Suffolk, mistress of George II.;
+at 1, Maria Edgeworth; 26, the Misses Berry.
+
+South Audley Street takes its name from Hugh Audley (d. 1662), the owner
+of some land in the neighbourhood. It has several interesting houses.
+No. 8, Alington House (Lord Alington), was, in 1826, Cambridge House,
+the residence of the Duke of York, and afterwards, until 1876, belonged
+to the Curzons, Earls Howe. In 73, Bute House, lived, in 1769, the great
+Earl of Bute, and near him his friend Home, author of "Douglas."
+Chesterfield House, a large mansion standing in a courtyard at the
+corner of Curzon Street, was built by Ware in 1749 for the fourth Earl
+of Chesterfield, d. 1773, who wrote the "Letters" in the library. The
+portico and marble staircase, with bronze balustrade, were brought from
+Canons, the seat of the Duke of Chandos. In 1869 the house was sold to
+Mr. Magniac for £175,000, and he built over the gardens. It is now the
+town house of Lord Burton.
+
+Opposite Aldford Street is Grosvenor Chapel, erected in 1730; an ugly
+building, with sittings for 1,200. It is now a chapel of ease to St.
+George's. Here were buried Lord Chesterfield, 1773; Ambrose Phillips,
+poet, 1749; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, 1762; David Mallet, poet, 1765;
+William Whitehead, poet, 1785; John Wilkes, 1797; Elizabeth Carter,
+1806. The churchyard at the back was, in 1889, converted into a public
+garden. Just outside the gate is the Public Free Library, erected in
+1894 under the Free Libraries Act.
+
+Other inhabitants: General Paoli; Holcroft, dramatist, 1761; Sir William
+Jones; Lord John Russell; Lord Sydenham, 1841; 8, Archbishop Markham, d.
+1807; 14, Sir R. Westmacott, sculptor, d. 1856; 15, Baron Bunsen, 1841;
+72, Charles X., when in exile, and in 1816 the Duchesse d'Angoulême;
+Louis XVIII., in 1814, also lived in this street; 74, the Portuguese
+Embassy early in the eighteenth century; 77, Sir Matthew Wood; here
+Queen Caroline resided in 1820. In the enlargement of the street called
+Audley Square Spencer Perceval was born. North Row has no interest. In
+Green Street lived Sydney Smith, d. 1845; Lord Cochrane, d. 1814; 61 is
+Hampden House, residence of the Duke of Abercorn. At the corner of Park
+Street stood St. Mary's Church, pulled down in 1880.
+
+In Norfolk Street lived Lord William Russell, murdered by his valet in
+1840; at 27 the Earl of Dunraven, 1895. In Upper Brook Street lived Lord
+George Gordon, b. 1750, and George Grenville; 3, Sir Lucas Pepys and the
+Countess of Rothes; 18, Hon. Mrs. Damer, sculptor, d. 1828; 27, "Single
+Speech" Hamilton, d. 1796; 18, Sir William Farrer, F.R.G.S.; 32, Marquis
+of Ormonde.
+
+Upper Grosvenor Street contains Grosvenor House, the residence of the
+Duke of Westminster, a handsome building standing in a courtyard, with a
+garden at the back, skirting Park Lane as far as Mount Street. On its
+purchase in 1761 by the Duke of Gloucester, brother of George III., it
+was known as Gloucester House. The present screen and metal gates by
+Cundy were erected in 1842. The house contains a very fine collection of
+pictures.
+
+In this street lived: No. 2, Lord Erskine; 11, Mr. Francis Hale Rigby,
+1817; 16, the first Sir Robert Peel; 18, Lord Crewe, 1809.
+
+Among present inhabitants are:
+
+The Dowager Duchess of Northumberland; Dowager Countesses of Galloway
+and Wilton; Lord Templemore; Major-General Hon. H. F. Eaton; Prince
+Alexis Dolgorouki; Sir E. Chandos Leigh.
+
+Balfour Place has been lately rebuilt, and was so named in 1892 instead
+of Portugal Street.
+
+Mount Street (1740), called from the Fort of Oliver's Mount, was rebuilt
+with ornamental red-brick houses; it contains the Vestry Hall--now the
+Register Office for the district--built by Bolton in 1887, at a cost of
+£15,200, on the site of the old workhouse, now removed to the Fulham
+Road.
+
+Inhabitants: Lady Mary Coke, 1810; Martin Van Butchell, d. 1810; Sir
+Henry Holland, 1816; No. 102, Madame d'Arblay, 1832; 111, on the site of
+an old manor-house, was in 1891 occupied by a college of Jesuit priests;
+2, Sir Charles Hall, Q.C., M.P., d. 1900; 49, Earl of Selborne; 54, Lord
+Windsor; 105, Winston Churchill, M.P.; 113, Right Hon. Akers Douglas,
+M.P. In Carlos Place, so renamed in 1892 instead of Charles Street
+(1727), lives: No. 1, Sir George Chetwynd, Bt., 1896. Its prolongation,
+Duke Street, rebuilt in 1889 in red brick, dates from about 1770, and
+was named probably after the Duke of Cumberland. In that year a lying-in
+hospital stood in the street; opposite a small square is the King's
+Weigh House Congregational Chapel, a large building erected in 1891.
+Blocks of artisans' dwellings occupy the small streets round about.
+
+In Gilbert Street are St George's, Hanover Square, District Schools,
+which replaced the old schools in South Molton Street. The building was
+erected in 1888 by Caroe on a site given by the Duke of Westminster, and
+cost £5,000. These schools were incorporated in 1818 with General
+Stewart's schools in South Street.
+
+Davies Street is very narrow at its northern end, where it forms a
+prolongation of South Molton Lane, an old street known in 1708 as Shug
+Lane. It takes its name either from Miss Mary Davies, who is said to
+have lived in an old house still standing at the corner of Bourdon
+Street, or from Sir Thomas Davies, to whom Hugh Audley left his
+property. Here is the new church of St Anselm, built in Byzantine style,
+from designs by Balfour and Turner, at a cost of £20,000, and opened in
+February, 1896, to replace Hanover Chapel, Regent Street. At No. 8 are
+the Westminster Public Baths and Washhouses.
+
+In Bourdon Street is St. Mary's Church, a chapel of ease to St.
+George's, built for £12,000 by the Duke of Westminster in 1881 to
+replace St. Mary's Church in Park Street. The building, from designs by
+Blomfield, is in medieval style. Adjoining is St. George's Workmen's
+Dwellings Association.
+
+In Grosvenor Street (1726) lived: Countess of Hertford, 1740; Lord
+North, 1740; Sir Paul Methuen, 1740; Miss Vane, mistress of Frederick,
+Prince of Wales; Lord Crewe, 1784; Marquis Cornwallis, 1793-98; No. 13,
+William Sotheby; William Huskisson; at 16 was formerly the Royal
+Institution of British Architects; 17, Samuel Whitbread, 1800; 28, Sir
+Humphry Davy, 1818; 48, Earl St. Vincent, d. 1823; 72, Dr. Matthew
+Baillie, d. 1823; 6, Sir E. Ashmead Bartlett, M.P., d. 1902; 25, William
+Allingham, surgeon; 50, Earl Carrington; 59, Right Hon. James Lowther,
+M.P.; 72, Sir James Reid; and many others.
+
+Brook Street was first called Little Brook Street, and afterwards Lower
+Brook Street. It takes its name from the Tyburn, which flowed down the
+course of South Molton Lane and Avery Row, by Bruton Mews to the bottom
+of Hay Hill, and through the gardens of Lansdowne House to Shepherd's
+Market. It then crossed Piccadilly at Engine Street, and flowed through
+the Green Park to Buckingham Palace.
+
+In Brook Street is Claridge's (formerly Mivart's) Hotel. Here lived: No.
+25 (now 72), Edmund Burke; Sir Henry Holland, 1820-73; 63, Sir William
+Jenner; 74, Sir William Gull; 57 (now 25), Handel, the composer; Lord
+Lake, d. 1808; Welbore Ellis, Lord Mendip, d. 1802; Mrs. Delany; 20,
+Gerald Vandergucht, engraver, and his son Benjamin Vandergucht, painter;
+Thomas Barker, painter; 25, Rev. Sydney Smith; 30, Sir Charles Bell, d.
+1832; 34, Sir Thomas Troubridge, 1809; 63, Sir John Williams, physician;
+66, Sir B. Savory, Bart.; 74, Lord Balcarres; 84, Sir William Broadbent,
+physician; 86, Lord Davey, P.C., F.R.S.
+
+In South Molton Street, on the wall of No. 36, is an inscription: "This
+is South Molton Street, 1721." At No. 17 lived William Blake, poet and
+painter, in 1807. The St. George's Schools, at No. 53, were removed in
+1889 to Gilbert Street, and the building sold for £2,500.
+
+In Woodstock Street lived: Dr. Johnson, 1737; Prince Talleyrand, 1793;
+Dr. Parr, 1814. Running out of it are Sedley Place, so named in 1873
+instead of Hanover Place, and Blenheim Street, up to 1760 called Pedley
+Street.
+
+East of New Bond Street, Hanover Square, four acres in extent, was built
+as a fashionable place of residence in 1716-20. It was to have been
+called Oxford Square, but the name was changed in honour of the house
+of Hanover. A few of the old houses still remain, notably Nos. 17 and
+23, but most of them have been rebuilt at various times, and are not in
+any way remarkable. The centre is enclosed and planted with trees, and
+at the southern end stands a bronze statue of Pitt by Chantrey, erected
+in 1831 at the cost of £7,000. The principal houses are: No. 3, the
+offices of the Zoological Society, established in 1826, and removed here
+in 1846; those of the Anthropological Society; 4, a large handsome
+building erected in 1774 by Sir George Gallini, and opened by him as the
+Hanover Square Concert and Ball Rooms. Here J. C. Bach, son of Sebastian
+Bach, gave concerts from 1785-93. The concerts of Ancient Music and
+those of the Philharmonic Society also took place here. In 1862 the
+rooms were redecorated and styled the Queen's Concert Rooms, but were in
+1875 disposed of to the Hanover Square Club, established in that year.
+
+No. 10 was formerly the Brunswick Hotel, but has been rebuilt as
+chambers.
+
+No. 12, formerly the offices of the Royal Agricultural Society, now
+those of the Shire Horse Society and Kindred Associations.
+
+No. 13, Harewood House, was built by W. Adam for the Duke of Roxburghe,
+and purchased in 1795 by Lord Harewood, in whose family it remained
+until 1894, when it was sold to the Royal Agricultural Society,
+established in 1838 for the improvement of agriculture.
+
+No. 15 now forms part of the Orthopædic Hospital in Oxford Street.
+
+No. 16 in 1845 was occupied by the Royal College of Chemistry,
+established in that year, and afterwards removed first to Oxford Street,
+and in 1835 to the School of Mines, Jermyn Street.
+
+In No. 17 Mrs. Jordan is said to have lived under the protection of the
+Duke of Clarence, afterwards William IV. In 1864 it became the home of
+the Arts Club, established in that year for persons interested in art,
+literature, or science. The house contains a fine painted ceiling by
+Angelica Kaufmann, and some marble mantelpieces of Italian workmanship,
+but is soon to be demolished.
+
+No. 18 is the Oriental Club, founded in 1824 by Sir John Malcolm for
+persons who have resided or travelled in the East. The present house, on
+the site of one occupied by Lord Le Despenser 1771-81, was built in 1827
+by the Wyatts, and contains some good portraits of Lord Clive and other
+distinguished Anglo-Indians.
+
+No. 20 is the offices of the Royal Medical, Pathological, and Clinical
+Societies, established 1867.
+
+No. 21 was the site of Downshire House from 1793. It was before that
+date the property of the Earl of Hillsborough. Here, in 1835, lived
+Talleyrand, then French Ambassador; after him, Earl Grey. It has been
+rebuilt, and is now a bank, above which is the New County Club, located
+here in 1894.
+
+No. 32 was the home of the Naval and Military Club from 1863-65.
+
+At No. 23 lived Lord Palmerston, father of the Premier, in 1806, and the
+Duchess of Brunswick, daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales, d. 1813.
+
+Other inhabitants: the present No. 20, Field-Marshal Viscount Cobham,
+1736-48; George Granville, Lord Lansdowne, d. 1735; Ambrose Phillips,
+poet, d. 1749. At the present No. 10: Admiral Lord Rodney, 1792-96;
+Admiral Lord Anson, 1762; "Single Speech" Hamilton, 1765; Percival Pott,
+surgeon, 1777-88; Thomas Campbell, poet; Sir James Clark, physician,
+1841.
+
+The streets round Hanover Square are mainly broad, well built, and lined
+with shops. Hanover Street and Princes Street were built about 1736. In
+the latter Sir John Malcolm died in 1833. Swallow Place and Passage
+recall Swallow Street, which was cleared away to make Regent Street in
+1820.
+
+In Regent Street stood, until recently, Hanover Chapel, with two towers,
+designed by C. R. Cockerell, and built in 1824 at a cost of £16,180.
+The Ionic portico was imitated from that of Minerva Polias at Priene. In
+the interior was a painting of "Christ's Agony in the Garden," by
+Northcote, presented 1828 by the British Institution.
+
+Harewood Place was closed at its northern end by gates until 1893, when
+all gates and private bars were removed throughout the district. In
+Tenterden Street, No. 4 in 1776 became the residence of the Herberts,
+Earls of Carnarvon, who still own the property. It, with Nos. 5 and 6,
+is now occupied by the Royal Academy of music, founded in 1822 by the
+Earl of Westmoreland. Among eminent pupils have been Sterndale Bennett,
+Sir G. A. Macfarren, Sir J. Barnby, Mackenzie, Sir A. Sullivan, and
+Goring Thomas. At the end of Tenterden Street is Dering Street, so
+called in 1886 instead of Union Street.
+
+At the southern end of the Square George Street was built about 1719,
+and at first named Great George Street, in honour of George I. It is
+wide at the Square end, but grows narrower till Maddox Street is
+reached. Its chief feature is the Parish Church of St. George, designed
+by John James, begun in 1713 and consecrated in 1724, one of Queen
+Anne's fifty churches. The style is Classical, the body plain, but
+having a Corinthian portico of good proportions, and a clock-tower 100
+feet high. The interior contains a good Jesse window put in in 1841. In
+1895 the building was redecorated, repaired, and reseated, and the old
+organ by Snitzler, put up in 1761, was replaced by a Hope Jones electric
+instrument. This church has been long celebrated for fashionable
+marriages. Among those in the register are:
+
+1769. The Duke of Kingston to Miss Chudleigh, she being already married
+to Mr. Harvey, afterwards Earl of Bristol. She was afterwards tried and
+convicted of bigamy.
+
+1771. Richard Cosway, R.A., to Maria Hatfield.
+
+1793. H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex to Lady Augusta Murray. The marriage was
+declared void under the Royal Marriage Act.
+
+1791. Sir William Hamilton to Emma Harte (Nelson's Lady Hamilton).
+
+1797. The Earl of Derby to Miss Farren. The ceremony took place in
+Grosvenor Square.
+
+1849. Mr. Heath to Lola Montes.
+
+1880. Mr. J. W. Cross to George Eliot.
+
+Among the Rectors of St. George's were Charles Moss, D.D., 1759-74,
+afterwards Bishop of Bath and Wells; and Henry Courtenay, 1774-1803,
+made Bishop of Exeter in 1795.
+
+At the bottom of George Street is Limmer's Hotel, formerly a noted
+resort of sporting men, rebuilt and enlarged in 1876. No. 25 is a
+handsome stone-fronted mansion, built in 1864 for Earl Temple. In 1895
+it was in possession of the Duchess of Buckinghamshire. In a house on
+the same site lived John Copley, the painter, and his son, Lord
+Lyndhurst, d. 1863.
+
+Other inhabitants: No. 3, Madame de Staël; 7, Admiral Sir Edward Hawke;
+8, David Mallet, poet, 1758-63; Sir William Beechey, R.A.; Sir Thomas
+Phillips, R.A., d. 1845; 9, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, 1803; 13, Lord
+Chancellor Cowper, 1723; 15, Sir George Wombwell, afterwards for a short
+time the Junior Travellers' Club; Earl of Albemarle, 1726; Lord Stair,
+1726; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, d. 1762; Sir Thomas Clarges, 1726;
+Colonel Francis Charteris, 1729; Lord Shelburne, 1748.
+
+Maddox Street was built by the Earl of Burlington in 1721, and named
+after Sir Benjamin Maddox, the ground landlord (d. 1670). It contains a
+museum of building appliances established in 1866 in connection with the
+Institute of British Architects. Mill Street is so called from a mill
+which stood near the corner of Hanover Square; near it is Pollen Street;
+both are unimportant. Conduit Street, completed about 1713, is so called
+from the city conduit which carried water from the Tyburn to Cheapside.
+It was built for private residences, which have now been transformed
+into shops. On the south side, where is now a tailor's, stood, until
+1877, Trinity Chapel, a plain, red-brick building built by Archbishop
+Tenison, in 1716, to replace the old wooden chapel which James II. had
+originally set up on Hounslow Heath, but which was brought to, and left
+at the top of, Old Bond Street about 1691. Four-fifths of the income
+derived from the three houses on this site are devoted to the
+maintenance of the district churches in the parish, the remainder going
+to the parish of St. Martin's. The share of St. George's parish now
+amounts to a capital sum of £5,075, and an income of £1,600.
+
+At No. 9, once the town house of the Earls of Macclesfield, are the
+offices of the Royal Institute of British Architects, established 1835,
+and other kindred societies.
+
+At the Princess of Wales' Tavern, now demolished, David Williams started
+the Royal Literary Fund in 1772.
+
+In this street lived: Duke of Wharton, 1725; Charles James Fox, b. here
+1749; Boswell, 1772; Wilberforce, 1786; Delmé Radcliffe, d. 1832; Balfe,
+composer; No. 36, Sir William Farquhar, physician to William Pitt; 37,
+George Canning, 1802-03, after him Dr. Elliotson (the house has since
+been rebuilt); 39, Sir Astley Cooper, surgeon, d. 1841.
+
+Old and New Bond Street form a continuous thoroughfare, in which are
+situated some of the most fashionable shops in London. Though somewhat
+narrow, and architecturally uninteresting, it has always been a
+favourite society promenade, and when first built was "inhabited by the
+nobility and gentry" (Hatton). New Bond Street dates from about 1716,
+and occupies part of the site of Conduit Mead (twenty-seven acres), the
+property of the City of London. Of the houses the following are
+interesting:
+
+No. 135, the Grosvenor Gallery, the chief of the many picture-galleries
+in Bond Street. The house was erected in 1877 for Sir Coutts Lindsey,
+Bart., and contains a lending library and until recently the Grosvenor
+Club (proprietary, social and non-political). The doorway, by Palladio,
+was brought from Venice, and the front is by Soames.
+
+Nos. 15 and 16 are Long's Hotel, much frequented by Sir Walter Scott; it
+was rebuilt and enlarged in 1888.
+
+At No. 18, now a jeweller's, was Steven's Hotel, fashionable during the
+Regency, and afterwards a haunt of Lord Byron's.
+
+At No. 169, on the west side, was the Clarendon Hotel, formerly the town
+house of the Dukes of Grafton, and afterwards the residence, about 1741,
+of the elder Pitt. The hotel was closed in 1877, and replaced by a row
+of shops.
+
+Inhabitants: Swift, 1727; Mrs. Delany, 1731; Lords Craven, Abergavenny,
+and Coventry, 1732; George Selwyn, 1751; Dr. Johnson, 1767; Thomson,
+the poet; No. 141, Lord Nelson, 1797; 146, Sir Thomas Picton, 1797-1800;
+147, Mrs. and Miss Gunning, 1792; 148, Lord Camelford, 1803-04; 150,
+Lady Hamilton, 1813.
+
+Old Bond Street, and the adjoining Stafford Street, Albemarle and Dover
+Streets, occupy the site of old Clarendon House, the grounds of which
+covered nearly 30 acres, granted to Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, by Charles
+II. The house, described by Evelyn as a noble pile, was erected in 1664,
+and after being leased, in 1670, to the Duke of Ormonde, was sold in
+1675 to the second Duke of Albemarle, who parted with it to Sir Thomas
+Bond for £20,000. The latter, in 1686, built Bond Street, the west side
+of which was first called Albemarle Buildings. Residents: 1708, Lords
+Coningsby, Abingdon, and Anglesea; 1725, the Duke of St. Albans,
+Countess of Gainsborough; 1741, Duke of Kingston; 1753, Countess of
+Macclesfield; at the present No. 41, in 1768, died Laurence Sterne;
+Pascal Paoli, 1761; Boswell, 1769; No. 24, 1791, Sir Thomas Lawrence,
+R.A., afterwards the offices of the Artists' Benevolent Institution,
+founded 1814, the Artists' Orphan Fund, and the Arundel Society for
+promoting the knowledge of Art, established 1848. These have now been
+removed.
+
+Halfway down on the west side is the Royal Arcade, a short passage
+leading to Albemarle Street, containing shops, with a handsome entrance
+at each end. It was opened in 1883.
+
+In 1820, on the east side, stood another arcade, communicating with the
+Burlington Arcade, and named the Western Exchange. It failed, and was
+closed.
+
+In Stafford Street a stone let into the wall of a public-house had the
+inscription: "This is Stafford Street, 1686." At the corner of Albemarle
+Street, in 1852, was the Stafford Street Club, formed by Roman
+Catholics.
+
+Albemarle Street, Grafton Street, and Dover Street contain handsome
+houses, the residences still of many of the aristocracy. The former was
+built in 1684-1708 by Sir Thomas Bond, and named after the Duke of
+Albemarle. Its chief houses are: No. 21, the Royal Institution,
+established by Count Rumford in 1799, for "diffusing the Knowledge and
+facilitating the general introduction of useful mechanical inventions
+and improvements," etc.; has a stone front, with a row of half engaged
+Corinthian columns, designed by Louis Vulliamy, and erected in 1837. It
+contains a lecture-theatre, reading-room, and library of 50,000 volumes.
+Members are elected by ballot, and courses of lectures are delivered on
+science, philosophy, literature and art. Eminent men connected with the
+Institution: Faraday, 1830; Murchison, Lyell, Sedgewick, Whewell,
+Tyndall, Huxley, Lord Rayleigh, Professor Dewar. The President of the
+Society is the Duke of Northumberland.
+
+Opposite is St. George's (proprietary) Chapel, a plain building,
+celebrated for its musical services.
+
+No. 7 is the Royal Thames Yacht Club, instituted in 1823 for the
+encouragement of yacht building and sailing on the river Thames. It was
+formerly Grillion's Hotel. Here Louis XVIII. lodged in 1814, and
+Grillion's Club, formed 1813, had its meetings. The Roxburghe Club
+dinners also took place here.
+
+No. 13 is the Albemarle Club, established in 1875, admits both sexes as
+members. Messrs. R. and J. Adam lived here in 1792, and the house was
+afterwards the Pulteney Hotel.
+
+No. 22 is the office of the Royal Asiatic Society, founded in 1823, the
+British Association for the Advancement of Science (1831), the London
+Mathematical Society (1865), etc.
+
+No. 23 was in 1808 the Alfred Club, which was succeeded by the
+Westminster Club, which shortly failed.
+
+No. 41, the Amphitryon Club, was established 1870; it was celebrated for
+the excellence of its cuisine, and the high scale of its charges.
+
+No. 43, the Junior Conservative Club, was established in 1889.
+
+No. 50, the publishing house of John Murray, was removed here in 1812.
+His private house next door was, between 1812 and 1824, the resort of
+Byron and other literary celebrities.
+
+The noted opposition club, the Coterie, formed in 1763, also met in this
+street.
+
+Other inhabitants: Lords Portmore, Poulet, and Orkney, 1708; Duke of
+Rutland, Viscount St. John, 1725-41; Marquis of Granby, 1760; Lord Bute,
+1764; Zoffany, artist, 1780; C. J. Fox; Richard Glover, 1785; Byron,
+1807; No. 26, Sir James Mackintosh, 1811; 41, Hon. Hedworth Lambton;
+41a, Earl of Sandwich.
+
+Grafton Street was named after the Duke of Grafton, who, with Lord
+Grantham, bought the site in 1735. It was first called Ducking Pond Row,
+and in 1767 Evans Row.
+
+No. 4, the New Club (proprietary), social and non-political, was
+established with a view to providing a club conducted with economy in
+administration. Here lived Lord Brougham (1849) till his death. The Turf
+Club afterwards occupied it until 1877.
+
+No. 7 is the Grafton Galleries, where periodical exhibitions of pictures
+are held.
+
+No. 10 is the Green Park Club for ladies, established in 1894, and
+removed here in 1896.
+
+Other inhabitants: C. J. Fox, 1783; No. 24, Mrs. FitzHerbert, 1796; 11,
+Admiral Earl Howe, d. 1799; his daughter, the Marchioness of Sligo, and
+her husband; Lord Stowell, after 1813; 16, Lord Stowell up to 1813;
+Marquis Cornwallis, 1801; 20, Right Hon. George Tierney, 1809; 11, Sir
+Dyce Duckworth; 24, Viscount Cranborne, C.B., M.P.; 23, Oswald
+Partington, M.P.
+
+Dover Street, built in 1686, was called after Henry Jermyn, Earl of
+Dover, who died here 1708.
+
+At the top of Hay Hill was Ashburnham House (Earl of Ashburnham), a
+plain square building in a courtyard. It was occupied by the Russian
+Embassy in 1851. Now Nos. 28 and 29 are the premises of the Sesame Club
+for ladies.
+
+No. 37, a stone-fronted house, is the town house of the Bishops of Ely,
+built in 1772, and granted by Government in exchange for Ely Place.
+
+No. 34, the Bath Club, opened 1895, contains swimming and other baths
+for both sexes, gymnasium, etc. It has also an entrance in Berkeley
+Street.
+
+No. 35, the Empress Club for ladies, is on a scale of great
+magnificence.
+
+No. 36 was the Hogarth Club for gentlemen associated with the arts,
+founded as the Artists' Club at the Turk's Head, Gerrard Street; removed
+here from Henrietta Street, Cavendish Square, in 1888.
+
+The Literary Club met in 1785 at Le Telier's in this street.
+
+Other inhabitants: John Evelyn, 1699-1706; Marquis of Wharton; Harley,
+Earl of Oxford; Dr. Arbuthnot, 1714-21; Pope, 1729; Bolingbroke, 1730;
+Sir William Wyndham, 1731; Archdeacon Coxe, b. 1741; No. 23, Lady Byron,
+1841; 29, John Nash, Architect; 35, Samuel Whitbread, M.P., d. 1815; 33,
+Earl of Mexborough, 1895.
+
+The steep descent of Hay Hill was so called from a farm in the
+neighbourhood, which, perhaps, took its name from Tyburn (the "Ayburn,"
+the "Eia Burn"), which flowed at the foot. Here in 1554 Sir Thomas
+Wyatt's head was exposed, and three of his companions hung in chains. In
+1617 Hay Hill was granted to Hector Johnstone for services to the
+Elector Palatine. By Queen Anne it was granted to the Speaker of the
+House of Commons, who sold it for £200 and gave the proceeds to the
+poor. It afterwards came into the hands of the Pomfret family, and was
+sold prior to 1759 for £20,300.
+
+Berkeley Square was built about 1698 on the site of the gardens of
+Berkeley House, the residence of Sir John Berkeley, afterwards Lord
+Berkeley, of Stratton, to whose descendant, Earl Fitzhardinge, the
+property still belongs. It slopes somewhat steeply to the south, and has
+a well-wooded garden in the centre, planted about the end of the
+eighteenth century. The equestrian statue of George III., by Beaupré
+and Wilton, erected by Princess Amelia in 1766, was removed in 1827, and
+the pedestal is vacant, but a drinking-fountain, the gift of the Marquis
+of Lansdowne, stands at the south end. In 1805 the north side was
+occupied by small tradesmen's shops, which have been replaced; but some
+of the other houses are old, and still have the iron link extinguishers
+before the door, which may be seen at many houses in this district. No.
+25 is Thomas's Hotel, which dates from 1809. Charles James Fox lived
+here in 1803. No. 40 is noteworthy for the style of its architecture,
+but the finest house in the Square is Lansdowne House (Marquis of
+Lansdowne), standing in its own garden on the south side. It was built
+by Robert Adam for the Earl of Bute in 1765, and sold while still
+unfinished to the Earl of Shelburne, afterwards Marquis of Lansdowne,
+for £22,500. It contains a sculpture gallery commenced in 1778, with a
+collection of statuary by Gavin Hamilton. The pictures were collected by
+the third Marquis (1807-50), and comprise specimens by Raphael, Murillo,
+Velasquez, Hogarth, Reynolds, Landseer, and others. The library was
+added in 1790. Priestley was librarian when, in 1774, he discovered
+oxygen.
+
+No. 44, designed by Kent for Lady Isabella Finch, has a fine staircase
+and drawing-room.
+
+Other inhabitants: Corner of Bruton Street, No. 20, Colley Cibber,
+1753; 45, the residence of the Earl of Powis, has a name-plate on the
+door (here, in 1774, Lord Clive committed suicide); 10, Lord Clyde,
+1863; 11, Horace Walpole, 1774-97, Lady Waldegrave, 1800; 6, second Earl
+of Chatham; 13, Marquis of Hertford, Earl of Carnarvon; 17, Lord Rowton;
+18, Sir S. B. Bancroft, actor; 21, Lady Anne Barnard, authoress of "Auld
+Robin Gray," d. 1825; Lord Brougham and Vaux, 1842; 28, Earl Grey, Lord
+Brougham, 1830-34, Sidney Smirke, R.A., architect, 1842; 38, here, in
+1804, the Earl of Jersey married Lady Sophia Fane, daughter of the Earl
+of Westmoreland, d. 1867, Lord Londesborough, 1891. It has now been
+rebuilt in red brick by Lord Rosebery; 48, Lord Brougham, 1849; 52,
+Field-marshal Lord Strathnairn, d. 1894.
+
+Berkeley Street was built on the grounds of Berkeley House in 1684 by
+Lady Berkeley, under the direction of John Evelyn. It skirts the garden
+wall of Devonshire House, and is now chiefly occupied by stabling.
+
+Here lived: Richard Cosway, R.A., 1770-80; No. 4, Shackleton, painter;
+9, Pope's Martha Blount, 1731-63; General Bulkeley, d. 1815; Mrs.
+Howard, mistress of Louis Napoleon.
+
+Bruton Street, built _circa_ 1727, was named after Lord Berkeley's
+Dorsetshire estate. It contains large private houses, the most
+noticeable being No. 17, now Lord Stratheden and Campbell. At No. 22
+(now Earl Bathurst) was the Pioneer Club for ladies.
+
+Other inhabitants: The Duke of Argyle, d. 1743; Horace Walpole, 1749;
+William Pitt, 1760; General Lawrence, d. 1775; R. Brinsley Sheridan,
+1786; Mrs. Jamieson, 1851-54; General Sir G. Macdonald, d. 1850; 15,
+Right Hon. Lord Hobhouse, P.C.; 16, Lord Granville, d. 1846; Lord
+Chancellor Cottenham, 1847; 23, Sir W. H. Humphery, Bart.; 23A, Marquis
+of Granby, M.P., 1895; 24, George Canning, 1809; Countess of Longford;
+26, Sir Matthew Tierney, physician, 1841; 33, William Owen, R.A., d.
+1825; 36, Earl of Orford.
+
+The district west of Berkeley Square, bounded by Piccadilly and Park
+Lane, has already been mentioned; though the streets are narrow and
+cramped, and many of the houses small, it has always been a fashionable
+locality.
+
+In Hill Street (1743) lived: Lord Lyttelton, 1755-73; Admiral Byng,
+1756; Smollett's Lady Vane, d. 1788; Mrs. Montagu, 1795; Lord Chief
+Justice Camden, d. 1794; Earl of Carlisle, b. 1802; Sir J. F. Leicester,
+1829; No. 5, Mr. Henry Brougham (Lord Brougham), 1824, Lord
+Londesborough, 1835; 6 (a new house), Marquis of Tweeddale, 1895; 9,
+Admiral Sir Philip Durham, 1841; 8, The Mackintosh of Mackintosh; 20,
+Lord Barrymore; 21, William Grant, Earl of Malmesbury, d. 1820, Countess
+Darnley; 26, Lord Revelstoke; 27, Countess of Roden, 1895; 30, Lord
+Westbury; 33, Lord Hindlip; 34, Sir Charles G. Earle-Welby, Bart.; 41,
+Sir Evelyn Ruggles-Brise, Bart.
+
+In Farm Street (_circa_ 1750), named from a neighbouring farm, and now a
+mews, is the Jesuit Church of the Immaculate Conception, a handsome and
+lofty Gothic structure in Decorated style, designed by Scoles, and built
+in 1849. The front is a miniature reproduction of the cathedral at
+Beauvais. The high altar, designed by Pugin, was a gift by Miss Tempest,
+and cost £1,000. The church is lit by a clerestory.
+
+In South Street (_circa_ 1737), up to 1845, stood a Roman Catholic
+chapel, attached to the Portuguese Embassy. Here is a school endowed by
+General Stewart in 1726, and carried on in conjunction with the Hanover
+Branch Schools.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 10, Miss Florence Nightingale, 1895; 22, Beau Brummell;
+33, Lord Holland; 36, Mlle. d'Este, daughter of the Duke of Sussex,
+1835; 39, Lord Melbourne, 1837.
+
+Aldford Street (_circa_ 1734) was named Chapel Street (from Grosvenor
+Chapel) until 1886. Part of the north side has been lately pulled down,
+and with it No. 13, where Beau Brummell lived in 1816 and Sir Thomas
+Rivers Wilson in 1841.
+
+Other inhabitants: No. 23, Shelley, 1813; 5, Earl of Kilmorey.
+
+Deanery Street was built _circa_ 1737, and was first called Dean and
+Chapel Street, from the Chapter of Westminster, the ground landlords. In
+Tilney Street (_circa_ 1750) lived Soame Jenyns, d. 1787; No. 2,
+Viscount Esher; 5, Lord Brampton; 6, Mrs. Fitzherbert, wife of George
+IV.
+
+Great Stanhope Street, built _circa_ 1750 by Lord Chesterfield, is
+broad, and contained fifteen spacious houses, of which No. 7 was
+demolished to build a mansion in Park Lane for a millionaire.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 1, Lord Southampton, 1796, Duke of Bedford, 1810, Earl
+Bathurst, 1822, Duke of Manchester, 1890; No. 1, Viscount Clifden; 4,
+Earl of Mansfield, 1823, Marquis of Exeter, 1829, Lord Brougham, 1834;
+5, Lord Raglan, 1853; 6, Lord Reay; 9, Lord Palmerston, 1814-1843; 10,
+Bamber Gascoyne, grandfather of the present Marquis of Salisbury; 12,
+Colonel Barré, d. 1802; Sir Robert Peel, 1820-25; 15, Viscount Hardinge,
+d. 1856.
+
+Waverton Street was renamed in 1886, instead of Union Street, built
+_circa_ 1750. Charles Street is so called after Charles, Earl of
+Falmouth, brother of Lord Berkeley. At the corner of Hayes Street a
+public-house bears the sign of a running footman in the dress of the
+last century, with the inscription, "I am the only running footman."
+
+Inhabitants of Charles Street: No. 22, H.R.H. the Duke of Clarence
+(William IV.); Admiral Sir G. Osborn, d. 1792; Sir G. Bulwer Lytton; the
+Earl of Ellenborough, Viceroy of India; J. H. Scott, of Abbotsford;
+Thomas Baring, M.P.; Lady Grenville, widow of the Premier, 1806-07; 33,
+Admiral Sherard Osborn, 1795; Lady Margaret Fitzgerald, d. 1815; Sydney
+Smith, 1835; 37, Earl of Dartmouth; 39, Earl of Camperdown; 40, Earl of
+Cork and Orrery; 48, Lord Burghclere; 49, Lord Romilly.
+
+In John Street (_circa_ 1730) is Berkeley Chapel, the property of Lord
+Fitzhardinge, which dates from about 1750. It is a plain building both
+within and without. The interior was redecorated in 1874, and the east
+end and chancel in 1895, when a window was put up to the memory of the
+late Duke of Clarence. Sydney Smith and Rev. H. F. Cary (1812) are the
+best known among the incumbents.
+
+In Queen Street (_circa_ 1753) lived: No. 13, Dr. Merriman, 1796-1810;
+20, Thomas Duncombe, M.P., 1824; 22, Sir Robert Adair, d. 1855; 21, Duke
+of Hamilton, d. 1895; 25, R. Brinsley Sheridan, 1810.
+
+In Chesterfield Street lived George Selwyn, 1776; No. 3, Sir Ian
+Hamilton; 4, Beau Brummell till 1810; 1, Sir W. H. Bennett.
+
+Chesterfield Gardens contain fine red-brick houses built by Mr. Magniac
+on the site of the gardens of Chesterfield House.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 2, Lord Hothfield; 6, Duke of Grafton; 9, Lord
+Leconfield.
+
+Some fine houses with an outlet by steps to Pitt's Head Mews form
+Seamore Place (_circa_ 1761).
+
+Inhabitants: No. 8, Lady Blessington, 1832-36; 1, Alfred de Rothschild;
+2, Lord Blythswood; 7, Sir James Lyle Mackay; 9, Hon. A. de Tatton
+Egerton.
+
+Curzon Street was named after Curzon, Earl Howe, d. 1758, to whose
+family the property still belongs. It was known before that time as
+Mayfair Row.
+
+On the south side is Curzon or Mayfair Chapel, an ugly building, first
+erected in 1730, but since rebuilt. The Rev. Alex Keith was the first
+incumbent. Here he performed marriages without banns or license until
+his excommunication in 1742. He then established a chapel close by,
+where clandestine marriages were continued until the Marriage Act put an
+end to them in 1754. The most celebrated of these were: the Duke of
+Chandos and Mrs. Anne Jeffrey, 1744; Lord Strange and Mrs. Lucy Smith,
+1746; Lord Kensington and Rachel Hill, 1749; Sewellis Shirley and
+Margaret Rolle, widow of the second Earl of Oxford, 1751; Duke of
+Hamilton and Miss Gunning, 1752; Lord George Bentinck and Mary Davies,
+1753.
+
+Opposite the chapel is Wharncliffe House, a plain building with
+courtyard and garden. Here lived in 1708 Edward Shepherd, the builder of
+Shepherd's Market. It was sold for £500 in 1750 to Lord Carhampton, who
+rebuilt it. From 1776-92 it was occupied by Lady Fane, and by Lady Reade
+from 1793 to 1813. In 1818 it was bought by Mr. J. Stuart Wortley, M.P.,
+for £12,000, and is now in possession of the Earl of Wharncliffe.
+
+Other inhabitants: No. 1 (pulled down in 1849), Madame Vestris; 8, the
+Misses Berry, d. 1852; Baron Bunsen, 1841; 14, Richard Stonehewer, 1782,
+Earl of Crewe; 16, Sir Henry Halford, d. 1844; 19, Earl of Beaconsfield,
+d. 1882; 20, Viscount Curzon; 21, Earl Howe; 24, Sir Francis Chantrey
+when a young man; 30, Lord Macartney, d. 1806; 37, Sir C. M. Palmer,
+Bart.; 41, Prince Soltykoff; 64, Earl Percy.
+
+At the end of Curzon Street is Bolton Row (1728), until 1786 called
+Blicks Row.
+
+Inhabitants: Martha Blount, 1731-37; Horace Walpole, 1748; Angelo, the
+fencing master, 1800.
+
+A passage leads between the gardens of Lansdowne and Downshire Houses to
+Berkeley Street. The bars at each entrance were set up after the escape
+of a highwayman, who galloped through.
+
+Bolton Street was built in 1699, and was then the western limit of
+London. Here lived: Earl of Peterborough, 1710-24; George Grenville, d.
+1770; Madame d'Arblay, 1818; Lord Melbourne; Hon. Mrs. Norton, 1841.
+
+The Young Pretender is said to have lodged here secretly when in London.
+
+Clarges Street was built 1716-18 on the site of Clarges House, the
+residence of Sir Walter Clarges, nephew of Anne Clarges, wife of Monk,
+Duke of Albemarle. Hatton in 1708 described it as a stately new
+building, inhabited by the Venetian Ambassador.
+
+Here lived: Admiral Earl St. Vincent, 1717; Earl Ferrers, 1717; Lord
+Archibald Hamilton, 1717; Lord Forester, 1717; Sir John Cope, 1746; Miss
+O'Neil, actress; Mrs. Delany, 1742-44; Mrs. Vesey, 1780; No. 2, W. T.
+Brandes, chemist, 1822-23; 3, Macaulay, 1838-40; 9, Daniel O'Connell,
+1835; 10, Sir Nicholas Wraxall, 1792; 11, Lady Hamilton, 1804-06,
+Countess Stanhope, 1807-29; 12, Edmund Kean, 1816-24; 14, William
+Mitford, 1810-22; 43, Charles James Fox, 1803; 47, at the corner of
+Piccadilly, a dull, ugly building, was formerly the residence of the
+Dukes of Grafton. In 1876 the Turf Club, established 1866, moved here
+from Grafton Street. Formerly the Arlington Club, it is now a great
+whist centre, and one of the most select clubs in London.
+
+Half-Moon Street, so called from a public-house at the corner of
+Piccadilly, was built in 1730.
+
+Here lived: Boswell, 1768; Shelley, 1813; No. 5, Mrs. Pope, actress, d.
+1797; 26, Dr. Merriman; 27, Lola Montes, 1849; 29, John Galt, 1830; 40,
+William Hazlitt, 1827-29; 45, the widow of Charles James Fox, 1809.
+
+On either side of Mayfair Chapel are East and West Chapel Streets, built
+_circa_ 1785. In the latter, at No. 7, lived Chantrey in 1804. They lead
+to Shepherd's Market, a congeries of small streets, which occupy the
+site of Brook Field, so called from Tyburn, which flowed through it.
+Here was held the May Fair, from which the district derives its name.
+First held in 1688, it lasted with many vicissitudes till the reign of
+George III., when the Earl of Coventry, d. 1809, procured its abolition.
+The ground in 1722 was an irregular open space, but in 1735 Shepherd's
+Market was built by Edward Shepherd, the lower story consisting of
+butchers' shops, and the upper containing a theatre where plays were
+given during the fair time. The block was built in 1860, and now
+consists of small provision shops.
+
+Whitehorse Street, built about 1738, is so called from a public-house.
+In Carrington Street (1738) was the residence of Kitty Fisher and of
+Samuel Carte, the antiquary. Here also was the Dog and Duck tavern,
+behind which was a pond 200 feet square, where the sport of duck-hunting
+was pursued in the eighteenth century. The site is now marked by Ducking
+Pond Mews. In Carrington Mews are the Curzon Schools in connection with
+Christ Church, Down Street; they were built about 1826, and provide
+tuition for 85 boys, 90 girls, and 110 infants. In Derby Street, No. 5
+is the parish mission-house, used also for parochial meetings. Little
+Stanhope Street was built about 1761, and leads to Hertford Street
+(1764), now chiefly inhabited by doctors.
+
+Here lived: Lord Charlemont, 1766; Lord Goderich, 1782; Earl of
+Mornington, 1788-97; No. 10, General Burgoyne, d. 1792; R. Brinsley
+Sheridan, 1796-1800; Mr. Dent, d. 1819; 11, Earl of Sandwich, d. 1792;
+12, George Tierney, 1796-99; 14, Earl Grey, 1799, Sir W. Jenner; 23,
+Robert Dundas, 1810, Charles Bathurst, 1822; 26, Earl of Liverpool, d.
+1818; 36, Lord Langdale, 1829, Lord Lytton, 1831-34; 37, Granville Penn,
+1822-24.
+
+In this street also the Duke of Cumberland, brother of George III.,
+married Miss Horton, the actress. On the site of Down Street (1730)
+stood Mr. Deane's school, where Pope was educated. The north end was
+called Carrington Place (1774) until 1867. On the west side is Christ
+Church, a building of great beauty erected in 1863, with a one-sided
+transept. The east window was presented by the Hope family. The street
+has been lately rebuilt with red-brick flats and chambers.
+
+Inhabitants: William Hazlitt, 1823-27; No. 8, Rev. H. F. Cary,
+translator of Dante; 22, Sir W. G. Nicholson.
+
+Brick Street at its southern end was until 1878 called Engine Street,
+from a water-wheel by the Tyburn, which here crossed Piccadilly.
+
+Piccadilly enters our district at the end of Bond Street, and forms its
+boundary as far as Hyde Park Corner. The origin of the name is obscure;
+the street is first so called in Gerard's "Herbal," 1633, but as early
+as 1623 (and up to 1685) a gaming-house named Piccadilly Hall stood near
+Coventry Street. In 1617, and for some years afterwards, the name
+"Piccadill" was given to a fashionable collar, according to Gifford,
+derived from _picca_, a spearhead, owing to the spiky nature of the
+folds. Hence it may have been applied as a nickname to the hall and
+street, but there are numerous other conjectural derivations. The name
+was originally given to the part extending from the Haymarket to
+Sackville Street. From that point to Brick Street was styled Portugal
+Row, from Catharine of Braganza, wife of Charles II. The stone bridge
+over Tyburn gave its name to the short distance between Brick Street and
+Down Street; west of that was Hyde Park Road. As the houses were built
+the name Piccadilly spread westwards, until, soon after 1770, the whole
+street was so called. From the Park to Berkeley Street was also
+popularly known as Hyde Park Corner, now confined to the actual vicinity
+of the Park. In the sixteenth century Piccadilly was a lonely country
+road known as the "Way to Redinge." In 1700 the western portion was
+occupied by statuary yards, which soon after 1757 gave way to houses.
+The remainder contains many large private houses, and in recent years
+has been further changed by the erection of numerous handsome
+club-houses. In 1844 it was widened between Bolton Street and Park Lane
+by taking in a strip of the Green Park with a row of trees, near the
+entrance to Constitution Hill, and throwing it into the roadway; and
+again in 1902 by cutting off a part of the Park. The following are the
+principal buildings:
+
+At the corner of Albemarle Street the Albemarle Hotel. Hatchett's
+restaurant, formerly called the New White Horse Cellar. After the
+resuscitation of stage-coaching in 1886, Hatchett's was a favourite
+starting-place, but is now little patronized. The new White Horse Cellar
+was named after the White Horse Cellar (No. 55) on the south side, so
+called from the crest of the House of Hanover, which existed in 1720,
+and was widely renowned as a coaching centre. It is now closed.
+
+Adjoining Hatchett's is the Hotel Avondale, named after the Duke of
+Clarence and Avondale. The house was opened as a dining club, the
+"Cercle de Luxe," in 1892, after the failure of which it was reopened as
+an hotel in 1895.
+
+No. 75 is the site of the Three Kings' Inn, where stood up to 1864 two
+pillars taken from Clarendon House.
+
+At the corner of Berkeley Street is the Berkeley Hotel and Restaurant,
+formerly the St. James's Hotel, which stands on the site of the
+Gloucester coffee-house.
+
+Opposite, at the corner of the Green Park, is Walsingham House, an
+enormous block built by Lord Walsingham in 1887, and on which he is said
+to have spent £300,000. It has been used as an hotel, and is shortly to
+be pulled down and rebuilt. Part of it was occupied by the Isthmian
+Club, established in 1882 for gentlemen interested in cricket, rowing,
+and other sports, which removed here from Grafton Street in 1887.
+
+Opposite Berkeley Street stood the toll-gate, removed to Hyde Park
+Corner in 1725. No. 78, adjoining it, is Devonshire House, the residence
+of the Dukes of Devonshire, which stands in a courtyard concealed from
+the street by a high brick wall, in which are handsome iron gates. It is
+an unpretending brick building built by Kent in 1735, with a large
+garden at the back. The interior is handsome, and contains a gallery of
+pictures by old masters, a large collection of prints, and the famous
+Devonshire collection of gems. On this site stood Berkeley House, built
+about 1655 by Sir John Berkeley on a property called Hay Hill Farm, the
+grounds then covering the present Lansdowne House and Berkeley Square,
+as well as Berkeley and Stratton Street. It came into the possession of
+the Cavendish family before 1697, but was destroyed by fire in 1733.
+Queen Anne, when Princess of Denmark, lived here from 1692 to 1695.
+Stratton Street, a cul-de-sac, was built about 1693 by Lady Stratton. At
+No. 1 lived Mrs. Coutts (Miss Mellon), afterwards Duchess of St. Albans,
+d. 1837. It now belongs to her heir, the Baroness Burdett-Coutts.
+
+Other inhabitants: Lord Willoughby, of Brook, 1698; Hon. George
+Berkeley, 1735; No. 2, Thomas Campbell, 1802; 7, William Gifford, 1797,
+Right Hon. Arnold Morley; 11, Roger Wilbraham, 1822-29, Lord Welby; 12,
+General Lord Lynedoch, d. 1803; 17, Earl of Clonmell.
+
+At No. 80, Piccadilly, Sir Francis Burdett was arrested for treason in
+1810, when he was imprisoned in the Tower. He was succeeded by the Duke
+of St. Albans. In 1849 Lady Guilford occupied the house.
+
+At No. 81 in 1807 was established Watier's Gambling Club, which lasted
+until 1819; it was named after the Prince Regent's cook, the manager. It
+afterwards became a public gaming-house, and is now a private residence.
+
+No. 82, Bath House, at the corner of Bolton Street, was built for
+Pulteney, Earl of Bath, who died 1764. The gardens then extended nearly
+to Curzon Street. It was rebuilt in 1821 for Lord Ashburton.
+
+At No. 89, the east corner of Half-Moon Street, lived Madame d'Arblay.
+
+At No. 94, Cambridge House (Naval and Military Club), standing in a
+courtyard, occupies the site of Carpenter's Statue Yard, which was
+succeeded by an inn. It was built in 1760 for the Earl of Egremont. The
+Marquis of Cholmondeley lived here 1809-29, after which the Duke of
+Cambridge was the owner until 1850. Lord Palmerston occupied it from
+1855 till his death in 1865, when it was purchased by the Naval and
+Military Club, established 1862, for officers of the army and navy, who
+made extensive alterations in 1878. This was the first club located in
+Piccadilly.
+
+No. 97, at the corner of Whitehorse Street, is a square white building;
+the New Travellers' Club (social and non-political) was established
+here. It now houses the Junior Naval and Military Club.
+
+No. 100 is the Badminton Club (proprietary), built on the site of a
+mews, and established in 1876 for gentlemen interested in coaching and
+field sports. Next door is the palatial house of the Junior
+Constitutional Club for members professing Conservative principles. On
+the site stood the town house of the Earls of Mexborough.
+
+No. 105, on the site of Jan Van Nost's figure-yard, the Earl of
+Barrymore built a house in 1870, which remained unfinished at his death.
+After being partially burned down, it was completed and opened as the
+Old Pulteney Hotel. Here the Emperor of Russia and his sister, the Grand
+Duchess of Oldenburg, stayed in 1814. In 1823 the house came into the
+possession of the Marquis of Hertford, who partially rebuilt it in 1861.
+His son, Sir Richard Wallace, sold it to Sir Julian Goldsmid, M.P., who
+died 1896. It is now the Isthmian Club. Near here stood the Queen's
+Meadhouse.
+
+No. 106, at the corner of Brick Street, stands on the site of the
+Greyhound Inn, which was purchased by Sir Henry Hunlocke in 1761. He was
+succeeded in 1764 by the Earl of Coventry, who built the present house,
+which became in 1829 the Coventry House Club. In 1854 it became the
+home of the St. James's Club, established in that year as a centre for
+the members of the British and foreign diplomatic bodies. Next door is
+the Savile Club, until 1836 the residence of Nathan Meyer Rothschild,
+the head of the banking firm.
+
+No. 116, Hope House, at the corner of Down Street, a handsome structure,
+was built by Mr. Hope in 1849 at a cost of £30,600, and was sold by his
+widow to the members of the Junior Athenæum Club (social and
+non-political), established in 1866, which is now located there. The
+house was enlarged in 1887.
+
+The private houses west of Down Street were built about 1873.
+
+Two handsome houses, Nos. 127 and 128, were built about 1887. The first
+is the Cavalry Club, established in 1890 for officers of the cavalry and
+Yeomanry, and the second the Hyde Park Club.
+
+No. 137, Gloucester House, stands on the site of Dickinson's Statue
+Yard. It belonged to the Earl of Elgin in 1808, from whom it was
+purchased in 1811 by the Duke of Gloucester on his marriage with
+Princess Mary. He was succeeded by the present owner, the Duke of
+Cambridge.
+
+Other inhabitants of Piccadilly were: No. 96 (No. 15 Piccadilly west),
+Mr. Dumergue, with whom Sir Walter Scott resided in 1800; 99 (then 23),
+Sir William Hamilton, d. 1803; next door, Sir Thomas Lawrence; 114,
+Lord Palmerston, before 1855; 133, Kitty Frederick, mistress of the Duke
+of Queensberry, who built the house 1779; 139 (13, Piccadilly Terrace),
+Lord Byron, 1815; 138 and 139, the Duke of Queensberry, 1778-1810.
+
+Hamilton Place is a short but broad street, lined on the west with large
+and fashionable houses. The ground, then part of Hyde Park, was granted
+to Hamilton, Ranger of Hyde Park, 1660-84, who built a street of small
+houses, named Hamilton Street, a cul-de-sac. This was replaced in 1809
+by a street built by the Adams. In 1871, to relieve the congestion of
+the traffic, the roadway was carried through the Park Lane.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 1, Lord Montgomery, 1810 (Lord Chancellor Eldon built
+the present house); 2, Duke of Bedford, 1810-19, Earl Gower (Duke of
+Sutherland), Right Hon. Thomas Grenville, 1840-46, Duke of Argyle,
+1847-51; 3, Earl of Cork, 1810-50, Earl of Dalkeith, 1870; 4, Earl of
+Lucan, 1810, Duke of Wellington, 1814, Lord Grenville, 1822, Messrs.
+Labouchere, 1823-29, Henry Bevan, 1840-48, Earl of Northbrook, 1895; 5,
+Earl of Buckinghamshire, 1810-25, Marquis of Conyngham, 1870, Baron
+Leopold de Rothschild, 1895; 6, Right Hon. John Sullivan, 1810, Earl of
+Belmore, Lord Montagu, 1829, Earl of Home, 1843, Lord Southampton, 1847,
+W. Munro, 1848, Hon. B. J. Munro, 1870; 7, Earl of Shannon, 1810-22,
+William Miles, M.P., 1840-50. Nos. 7 and 8 are now the premises of the
+Bachelors' Club, established 1881, one of the most fashionable young
+men's clubs in London.
+
+The space between Hamilton Place and Apsley House is now occupied by six
+large houses.
+
+It was up to the middle of last century a row of mean buildings, many of
+them public-houses. Next to Apsley House stood, up to 1797, a noted inn,
+the Pillars of Hercules. In 1787 M. de Calonne built a mansion on the
+site now occupied by Nos. 146 and 147.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 142, Miss Alice de Rothschild, heiress of the late
+Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild; 145 was formerly Northampton House; 148,
+Nathaniel Meyer, first Baron Rothschild, G.C.V.O., P.C.
+
+Apsley House was built in 1778 by Lord Chancellor Apsley, Earl Bathurst,
+to whom the site was granted by George III. The ground was formerly
+occupied by the old Ranger's Lodge, and adjoining it was a tenement
+granted by George II. to Allen, a veteran of Dettingen, for a permanent
+apple-stall. In 1808 the house came into the possession of the Marquis
+Wellesley, and in 1816 into that of his brother, the Duke of Wellington,
+and it is now held by the fourth Duke.
+
+It was faced with stone, and enlarged by the Wyatts in 1828, and in 1830
+the Crown sold its interest in the building for £9,530. Further
+alterations were made in 1853. In the west gallery was held annually the
+Waterloo Banquet during the great Duke's life, and his study is still
+preserved intact. The house contains a good collection of pictures and
+many relics of the Napoleonic era.
+
+Hyde Park Corner was the entrance to London until 1825, when the
+turnpike was removed. Cottages existed here in 1655. It is now an open
+triangular space, much enlarged when a portion of Green Park was thrown
+into the roadway in 1888. In the centre, about 1828, was erected a
+triumphal arch, an imitation of the arch of Titus at Rome. This, in
+1846, was surmounted by a colossal equestrian statue of the Duke of
+Wellington by Matthew Wyatt, which, in 1888, was removed to Aldershot,
+and the arch shifted to the top of Constitution Hill. The vacant space
+is now occupied by an equestrian statue of Wellington by Boehm.
+
+In 1642 one of the forts for the defence of London against the Royalists
+was erected on the ground opposite the present Apsley House.
+
+The prolongation of Piccadilly to the westward is known generally as
+Knightsbridge, as far as the stone bridge which spanned the Westbourne
+at the present Albert Gate. Edward the Confessor granted the land to
+the Abbey of Westminster, and it was disafforested in 1218. After the
+Reformation Knightsbridge was preserved to the Abbey, and still belongs
+to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster. In 1725 the name was applied to
+the fields as far south as the King's Road (Eaton Square), but after the
+building of Belgravia it was restricted to the street fronting Hyde
+Park. Facing Hyde Park Corner is St. George's Hospital, established in
+1733; the residence of the Earls of Lanesborough previously occupied the
+site. The present building was erected from designs by William Wilkins,
+R.A., in 1828, and enlarged in 1831, 1859, and 1868. In the latter year
+the south-west wing was added. The question of the removal of the
+hospital is exciting much attention at present. In connection with the
+hospital is Atkinson Morley's Convalescent Hospital at Wimbledon. The
+following celebrated doctors have been attached to this hospital:
+Matthew Baillie, 1787-1800; John Hunter, 1768-93; Sir Benjamin Brodie,
+1808-40; Sir Prescott Hewett, 1848-91.
+
+Facing Hyde Park a row of well-built private houses now forms St.
+George's Place (1839), which, until lately, consisted of low brick
+buildings. One of these is now being pulled down to make way for the
+station of the new Piccadilly and Brompton Electric Railway. Close by is
+the Alexandra Hotel, built soon after the marriage of the present Queen,
+after whom it was named. Behind is Old Barrack Yard, which adjoined the
+old Guards Barracks, established about 1758. After being discontinued
+for troops, it was used as a depot until 1836, when the lease was sold
+and the building let out as tenements. The site is now occupied by St.
+Paul's Schools in Wilton Place. The houses beyond Wilton Place are being
+rebuilt further back to widen the roadway, which has hitherto been very
+narrow, and which during the afternoon in the season is often blocked by
+the traffic.
+
+Inhabitants: Dr. Parr; No. 14, Liston, actor, d. 1846.
+
+Park Side, the north side of Knightsbridge, is freehold of the Dean and
+Chapter, and rented by the descendants of Mr. Gamble of Trinity Chapel.
+Shops were erected here about 1810. At the east end stood the stocks in
+1805, and in 1835, close by, a watch-house and pound. The Queen's Head,
+an old inn dating from 1576, was pulled down in 1843. Trinity Chapel
+belonged to an ancient lazar-house or hospital, held by the family of
+Glassington under the Abbey of Westminster in 1595. The chapel was
+rebuilt in 1629 and 1699, and repaired in 1789. It was entirely
+restored and remodelled in 1861 at a cost of £3,300. A charity school,
+instituted about 1785, adjoined it until 1844, when it was removed and
+attached to St. Paul's. In Knightsbridge Chapel marriages were performed
+without banns or license in a manner similar to those at Mayfair Chapel.
+The most celebrated of these are: Sir Robert Walpole to Katherine
+Shorter, 1700; Henry Graham to the Countess of Derwentwater, daughter of
+Charles II., 1705.
+
+West of the chapel on the site of the hospital stood the Cannon Brewery,
+erected in 1804, and demolished in 1841 to make Albert Gate. The French
+Embassy, east of the gate, was built by Cubitt in 1852 for Hudson, the
+Railway King, and has lately been enlarged. The stone bridge was
+removed, and the stream arched over in 1841.
+
+[Illustration: MAYFAIR DISTRICT.
+
+Published by A. & C. Black, London.]
+
+In 1765 George II. attempted to buy the fields adjoining Buckingham
+Palace to the west, but as Granville refused to sanction the expenditure
+of £20,000 for the purpose, the property was bought by Lord Grosvenor
+for £30,000, and Grosvenor Place was built in 1767-70, overlooking the
+Palace gardens. It has always been a fashionable place of residence. The
+houses below St. George's Hospital were formerly small and plain. The
+best-known inhabitants were: No. 1, Dr. Lewes' School of Anatomy and
+Medicine; 4, Lord Egremont (the third); north corner of Halkin Street,
+the Earl of Carlisle, Byron's guardian.
+
+These houses were replaced in 1873-76 by five palatial stone houses
+built for the Duke of Grafton, Duke of Northumberland, Sir Anthony
+Rothschild, and Earl Stanhope.
+
+They are occupied now by: No. 1, the Wellington Club (proprietary),
+social and non-political; 2, Duke of Northumberland; 4 and 5, Lord
+Iveagh.
+
+At the south corner of Chapel Street stood the Lock Hospital,
+established in 1747, attached to which was a chapel, built 1764, and an
+asylum for penitent females, founded by the Rev. Thomas Scott in 1787.
+The chapel was celebrated for its preachers, which included Martin
+Madan, Thomas Scott, C. E. de Cöetlogon, Dr. Dodd, Rowland Hill, etc.
+The buildings, of red brick, and very plain, were pulled down in 1846,
+and the institution removed to Harrow Road. On the site were built
+Grosvenor Place Houses, renamed 18, 19, 20, Grosvenor Place in 1875. At
+No. 20 now lives Earl Stanhope.
+
+In Grosvenor Row, at the south end of Grosvenor Place, stood a court
+named Osnaburgh Row (1769), after the Duke of York, who was also Bishop
+of Osnaburgh. It was cleared away about 1843. Near it stood the Duke's
+Hospital for Invalid Guards, closed in 1846 and removed 1851. Adjoining
+it was an old inn, the Feathers.
+
+Other inhabitants: No. 6, Sir H. Campbell Bannerman; 15, Duke of Atholl,
+1773; 44, Hanoverian Embassy, 1859 (the King of Hanover stayed here in
+1853); 24, Bishop of Worcester, 1859; 46, Sir James Graham, 1868; 19,
+Sir Anthony Rothschild, 1859; 20, Earl Stanhope; 31, Earl Cathcart.
+
+The district bounded by Knightsbridge and Grosvenor Place, as far as
+Sloane Street and Ebury Street, is known as Belgravia, after Belgrave
+Square, which occupies the centre. Up to 1825 it was named the Five
+Fields, and was bare, swampy ground on which were a few market gardens.
+Only one road, the King's Road (Eaton Square), crossed it, though there
+were numerous footpaths, rendered insecure by the highwaymen and
+footpads who infested them. It was also a favourite duelling-ground. In
+1826 a special Act of Parliament empowered the owner, Lord Grosvenor, to
+drain the site, raise the level, etc., and in the course of the next few
+years Messrs. Cubitt and Seth Smith built the streets and squares which
+now rank as a fashionable centre with the neighbourhood of Grosvenor
+Square. The houses are mainly uniform in type--square, substantial,
+plaster-fronted structures, which give an aspect of monotony to the
+whole district.
+
+Belgrave Square, 10 acres in extent, is 684 feet long by 637 feet wide,
+and was designed by Basevi and built by Cubitt in 1825-28. The detached
+houses in the corners are by Philip Hardwick, R.A., and H. E. Kendall
+(west side). An enclosed garden occupies the centre.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 5, General Sir George Murray, d. 1846, Earl of
+Shaftesbury, d. 1886; 15, Duke of Bedford; 16, Sir Roderick Murchison,
+geologist, d. 1871; 12 (western corner house), the late Earl Brownlow,
+Earl of Ancaster; 18, Austro-Hungarian Embassy; 23, Viscountess
+Hambledon, widow of Right Hon. W. H. Smith; 32, Admiral Earl of
+Clanwilliam.
+
+The south corner house was built for Mr. Kemp of Kemptown. No. 24
+General Lord Hill occupied in 1837. After his death, Lord Ducie occupied
+it till 1853; 36, H.R.H. Duchess of Kent, 1840; 37, Earl of Sefton,
+1896; 45, Duchess of Montrose, d. 1895; 48, Viscount Combermere, d.
+1891; 49 was built in 1850 for Mr. Sidney Herbert, Duke of Richmond and
+Gordon; Earl of March.
+
+The principal approach to Belgrave Square is by Grosvenor Crescent, a
+broad and handsome street commenced in 1837, but not completed until
+about 1860. Where is now the south-west wing of St. George's Hospital
+stood Tattersall's famous auction mart for horses, etc., and
+betting-rooms. The establishment was started by Richard Tattersall,
+trainer to the last Duke of Kingston, about 1774, and was long popularly
+known as "the Corner." It was pulled down in 1866, and removed to
+Knightsbridge Green.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 5, Lord Ashbourne; 8, Right Hon. Sir George Trevelyan,
+Bart., M.P.; 11, Duke of Leeds; 14, C. Bulkeley Barrington, M.P.; 15,
+Grosvenor Crescent Club for Ladies. Behind the north-west side of the
+Square is Wilton Crescent, with a garden in the centre, and Wilton
+Place, both built by Seth Smith between 1824 and 1828.
+
+Inhabitants, Wilton Crescent: No. 16, Right Hon. James Lowther, M.P.;
+24, Henry Hallam, d. 1859; 20, Sir George Wombwell, Bart.; 26, Lord
+Lamington; 28, Lord De Ros; 30, Lord John Russell; 37, Lord Chewton, who
+was killed at the Battle of the Alma; 39, Rev. W. J. Bennett, 1850.
+
+Wilton Place stands on the site of a cow-yard, and is a broad street
+with fine houses on the east side. Here is St. Paul's Church, celebrated
+for the ritualistic tendencies of its successive vicars. It was built in
+1843 by subscription on the drill ground of the old barracks, and cost
+£11,000, the site being given by the Marquis of Westminster. The
+building by Cundy is handsome, in Early Perpendicular style, and has
+sittings for 1,800. It was enlarged and altered in 1889 and 1892, when
+a side-chapel, by Blomfield, was added. Adjoining is the Vicarage, and
+opposite are St. Paul's National Schools.
+
+Here lived: No. 4, Miss Reynolds, actress; 13, Hon. Thomas Stapleton,
+antiquary; 15, Sir James Macdonald, the defender of Hougoumont, d. 1857;
+21, Mr. Westmacott.
+
+In the adjoining Kinnerton Street (1826), so called from one of the
+Grosvenor estates, stood the dissecting school and anatomical museum of
+St. George's Hospital, removed to the new wing in 1868. At No. 75 is an
+institute for providing and promoting humane treatment of animals,
+founded by Lady Frances Trevanion _circa_ 1890. It is supported by
+voluntary contributions.
+
+Motcomb Street was built in 1828, and named after the property of the
+Dowager Marchioness of Westminster in Dorset.
+
+On the north side is the Pantechnicon, built _circa_ 1834 as a bazaar
+for the sale of carriages, furniture, etc.; it had also a wine and toy
+department. It was burnt down in 1874, but has been rebuilt, and is now
+used for storing furniture, etc.
+
+West Halkin Street and Halkin Place on the west side, and Halkin Street
+on the east side of the Square, are named after Halkin Castle, the Duke
+of Westminster's seat in Flintshire. The first contains a chapel of
+singular shape, the northern end being wider than the southern. It was
+built by Seth Smith as an Episcopal church, but is now Presbyterian.
+
+Halkin Street was commenced about 1807, but until 1826 it, as well as
+the other streets leading out of Grosvenor Place, terminated in a
+mud-bank, on the other side of which were the Five Fields. On the north
+side is Mortimer House, a plain brick building standing in a courtyard.
+It was the residence of the late Earl Fitzwilliam, but is now Lord
+Penrhyn's. Next to it is Belgrave Chapel (St. John's), a proprietary
+church in Grecian style, built in 1812, with accommodation for 800. The
+remaining houses are small and unpretending, as are those in Chapel
+Street, built 1775-1811, and so called from the Lock Hospital Chapel,
+which stood at the corner of Grosvenor Place. Here lived Mr. Richard
+Jones (Gentleman Jones). No. 24, General Sir W. K. Grant, d. 1825.
+
+On the other side of Belgrave Square, Chesham Place (1831) leads to a
+triangular space, with a small garden in the centre. Here lived: Madame
+Vestris, 1837; No. 37, Lord John Russell; 35, Sir Charles Wood, 1851;
+29, the Russian Embassy.
+
+The name is taken from the seat of the Lowndes family, the ground
+landlords. In Lowndes Street lived: No. 33, Colonel Gurwood, editor of
+"Wellington's Despatches"; 40, Mrs. Gore, novelist.
+
+In Chesham Street, at No. 7, lived Henry Parish, diplomatist.
+
+The feature of Lyall Street (1841) is Chesham House, at the corner, in
+which is the Russian Embassy, noted under Chesham Place. On the other
+side of Lyall Street is Lowndes Place, built about 1835. Eaton Place is
+a dull but broad and fashionable street.
+
+Inhabitants: General Caulfield; Sir Robert Gardiner, Sir H. Duncan, d.
+1836; Sir Thomas Troubridge, d. 1852; No. 5, Mr. Heywood, 1859; 14, Sir
+George Grey, 1859; 15, Lord Kelvin; 18, Dr. Lushington, 1859; 26, Sir
+Erskine Perry, 1859; 38, Mr. Justice Wightman, 1859; 80, Kossuth, 1851;
+84, Duke of Atholl; 87, Sir William Molesworth, d. 1853; 93, General Sir
+Archibald Alison, Bart.; and many others.
+
+Off Eaton Place is West Eaton Place, where lived General Sir Peregrine
+Maitland, d. 1852.
+
+Belgrave Place, so named in 1879 instead of Upper Eccleston Street; and
+Upper Belgrave Street, built _circa_ 1827, have the same general
+characteristics.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 2, Mrs. Gore; 3, Lord Charles Wellesley; 13, Earl of
+Munster, son of William IV., who shot himself in 1842. It is now Lord
+Harewood's residence.
+
+In Chester Street, commenced 1805, lived: No. 5, Right Hon. Sir
+Frederick Shaw, d. 1876; 7, Dr. Pettigrew, d. 1860; 12, Sir Douglas
+Galton, d. 1899; 13, Dr. Broughton, d. 1837; 27, Colonel Sibthorpe, d.
+1855.
+
+Wilton Street was begun in 1817. Here lived Mr. Spencer Perceval, son of
+the Minister.
+
+Grosvenor Place, Lower Grosvenor Place, Hobart Place, Eaton Square, and
+Clieveden Place occupy the site of the King's private road, which had
+existed before as a footpath, but was made a coach-road by Charles II.
+as a short-cut to Hampton Court. It ran along the north garden of Eaton
+Square, and crossed the Westbourne at Bloody Bridge, a name which dates
+as far back as 1590. On the north side, where is now Eaton Terrace, was
+a coppice which provided wood for the Abbey. Houses were first built on
+it about 1785, and in 1725 a turnpike existed at its junction with
+Grosvenor Place. Admission to the road was by ticket, but in 1830 it was
+thrown open to the public under the name of the King's Road. Part of
+Lower Grosvenor Place, however, was named Arabella Row in 1789, but
+became known by its present name in 1789. Here in a shabby house lived
+Lord Erskine after resigning the Lord Chancellorship in 1806.
+
+Hobart Place was first so called in 1836, but part of it was called
+Grosvenor Street West until 1869. It leads to Eaton Square, built by
+Cubitt in 1827-53. This is 1,637 feet long by 371 feet wide, 15 acres in
+extent, and contains six enclosed gardens. The houses are of the usual
+type. At the west end is St. Peter's Church, built in 1826 in Ionic
+style from designs by Hakewell at a cost of £21,515. An altar-piece by
+Hilton, R.A., was presented by the British Institution in 1828, but was
+removed in 1877, and is now in the South Kensington Museum. After being
+nearly burnt down in 1837, it was rebuilt by Gerrard, and in 1872 a
+chancel and transepts in Byzantine style, by Sir A. Blomfield, were
+added. The nave was remodelled in 1874, and further alterations have
+been made in the last ten years at a cost of £5,000. Here are buried
+Admiral Sir E. Codrington, d. 1851, and General Lord Robert Somerset,
+G.C.B. The Right Rev. G. H. Wilkinson, Bishop of St. Andrew's, was vicar
+from 1870-83.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 8, Sir R. T. Reid, K.C., M.P.; 16, Mr. Justice Willes,
+1859; 43, Lord Cottesloe; 60, Lord Sandhurst; 66a, Lord Walsingham,
+F.R.S.; 71, in 1809 the official residence of the Speaker; 74, Cardwell,
+1859; 75, Ralph Bernal, M.P., d. 1853, Mr. George Peabody, d. 1869,
+Viscount Knutsford; 76, Viscount Falkland; 83, Lord Chancellor Truro, d.
+1855; Lord Aberdare; 85, Sir Edward Malet, G.C.B., P.C.; 92, Admiral Sir
+Edward Codrington, d. 1851; 110, General Sir A. Codrington, 1859; 114,
+Lady Baden-Powell; 115, Earl of Ellenborough, 1859, Marquis of Hertford;
+Colonel Sibthorpe, d. 1855; Jacob Omnium (Mr. J. Higgins).
+
+Clieveden Place, first built over in 1826, was so named in 1890 from the
+Duke of Westminster's late estate near Cookham, instead of its original
+name, Westbourne Place.
+
+Between Clieveden Place and Pimlico Road the streets are narrow and
+unimportant. In Westbourne Street (1826), so called from the
+neighbouring Westbourne River, stood the York Hospital for invalid
+soldiers, removed to Chatham in 1819. On the east side is a Baptist
+chapel, a plain building, erected in 1825. Skinner Street (1842) and
+Whittaker Street (1836) lead to Holbein Place, built over the
+Westbourne, and called in 1877 "the Ditch." Leading from Whittaker
+Street are Passmore Street (1837) and Union Street, containing
+industrial dwellings.
+
+Inhabitants--Chester Place: Right Hon. Charles Buller, d. 1848. Chester
+Square: No. 19, Mantell, the geologist, d. 1852; 24, the poet Shelley's
+widow, d. 1851.
+
+The houses in Chester Square and the neighbourhood are not so
+pretentious as those in Belgravia, but it is still a fashionable place
+of residence. In South Eaton Place, near the south end, stood the Star
+and Garter Tavern, well known about 1760. The end of this street was
+called Burton Street (1826) until 1877. In Elizabeth Street, first
+called Eliza Street in 1820, and until 1866 divided into Upper Elizabeth
+Street, Elizabeth Street, and Elizabeth Street South, stood the Dwarf
+Tavern, noted about 1760. At the south end, near St. Philip's Parochial
+Hall and Parsonage, is St. Michael's Mission House, built in 1893.
+Gerald Road, 1834 until 1885 named Cottage Road, contains the station of
+the R Division of Police.
+
+Eccleston Street, with which in 1866 was incorporated Eccleston Street
+South, was so called from Ecclestone in Cheshire, where the Duke of
+Westminster has property. A house on the west side inhabited by Sir
+Frances Chantrey was pulled down during the construction of the
+underground railway. On the same side is the Royal Pimlico Dispensary,
+established in 1831. Part of the east side has been rebuilt. In
+Eccleston Place is the station of the Westminster Electric Supply
+Company, which supplies this district with electric light. In Lower
+Belgrave Street (1810), the lower end of which was till 1867 named
+Belgrave Street South, are St. Peter's National Schools, a large
+red-brick building with a playground, in connection with St. Peter's,
+Eaton Square.
+
+At the end of Grosvenor Place great improvements were made in 1868 by
+the building of Grosvenor Gardens, when Grosvenor Street West, and
+Upper and Lower Eaton Street were swept away.
+
+At No. 27, Upper Eaton Street, lived George Frederick Cooke, 1870; 25,
+Thomas Campbell, 1803; 19, Lower Eaton Street, Mrs. Abington, actress,
+1807, Mr. Pinkerton, 1802. The present houses are very large and
+handsome.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 1, Spanish Embassy; 46, Lord Herschell.
+
+On the west side, at the corner of Buckingham Palace Road, are Belgrave
+Mansions, built from designs by Cundy in 1868, a large block in French
+Renaissance style, with a frontage of nearly 300 feet. The ground-floor
+is occupied by shops, and above are five floors of flats. The centre of
+the open space is occupied by two triangular enclosed gardens, and is
+crossed by Ebury Street, once an open lane leading over the fields to
+Chelsea. Houses were built on it after 1750, and in 1779 the
+north-eastern end was named Upper Ranelagh Street and Ranelagh Street.
+The south-western end was Upper Ebury Street, but the whole was renamed
+Ebury Street in 1867. It is an uninteresting street of unpretending
+houses and shops. In Upper Ebury Street lived: Rodwell the composer;
+William Skelton, engraver, d. 1848; No. 174 is the Boys' School
+belonging to the parish of St. Barnabas.
+
+At the north-east end of Ebury Street is Victoria Square, a small square
+of plain houses built about 1837, out of which Albert Street leads to
+Grosvenor Place. In the square lived, at No. 8, Thomas Campbell,
+1841-43; 5, Earl of Mount Edgcumbe.
+
+At the other end, near Ebury Bridge, is Ebury Square, built about 1820
+on the site of Ebury Farm. This ancient property, which derives its name
+from the Saxon _ey_, water, and _burgh_, a fortified place, is mentioned
+in 1307, when permission was granted by Edward I. to John de Benstede to
+fortify it. In Queen Elizabeth's time it consisted of a farm of 430
+acres, let on lease for £21 per annum. In 1676 it came into the
+possession of the Grosvenor family, and in 1725 embraced a long narrow
+area, reaching from Buckingham House to the Thames between the
+Westbourne and the present Westmoreland Street.
+
+The square was partially destroyed in 1868, but the old houses remain on
+the north-west and south sides. In the centre is a garden, and the
+ground between it and Buckingham Palace Road is occupied by St.
+Michael's National Schools, opened in 1870, a spacious building,
+accommodating about a thousand scholars; there is a large playground.
+The site had been previously occupied by the Pimlico Literary
+Institution, built in 1830 from designs by J. P. Deering.
+
+On the remaining side a handsome block of industrial dwellings (Ebury
+Buildings) was built in 1872, when the old Flask Lane (1785) was swept
+away. The approaches on the north-west are Semley Place (1785), late
+Flask Row, and Little Ebury Street (1823). At the end of Avery Farm Row
+(probably a corruption of Ebury), opposite Ebury Bridge, is a
+drinking-fountain, erected in memory of the second Marquis of
+Westminster, d. 1869, by his widow.
+
+Buckingham Palace, which falls partly within St. George's district and
+partly within St. Margaret's, Westminster, has already been described in
+the volume on Westminster.
+
+The Royal Mews, the entrance to which is in Buckingham Palace Road,
+contains a large riding-school, a room for the state harness, stabling
+for the state and other horses, and houses for forty carriages. Here
+also are kept the old and new state coaches, the former of which was
+built in 1762 of English oak, with paintings by Cipriani, and cost
+£7,660.
+
+Buckingham Palace Road, now a broad street with large houses and shops,
+was in 1725 an open country road, known as the coach-road to Chelsea.
+The houses in it are rated under the name of Pimlico as late as 1786,
+but rows of houses under various names had been built earlier--Stafford
+Row in 1752, Queen's Row in 1766. These, with Victoria Road (1838),
+Stockbridge Terrace (1836), King's Road, Lower and Upper Belgrave Place
+and Belgrave Terrace (1826), were united under the name of Buckingham
+Palace Road in 1867, and in 1894 Union Place, Holden Terrace, and South
+Place were incorporated with it. The portion facing the Palace is named
+Buckingham Gate, and consists of seven large private houses. On this
+site, facing the Park, stood Tart Hall, the residence of Viscount
+Stafford (see "Westminster").
+
+Facing Grosvenor Gardens is the Grosvenor Hotel, opened in 1862 in
+connection with Victoria Station. The building, designed by Knowles, is
+272 feet long, 75 feet deep, and 150 feet high, and cost £100,000.
+
+Beyond, on the north side, a row of large red-brick houses has been
+built since 1883, containing Buckingham Palace Mansions (flats), the
+National Training School of Cookery, and the City of Westminster Public
+Baths. Here also is St. Peter's Institute, in connection with St.
+Peter's, Eaton Square, which cost £15,000. It consists of a club for 600
+men and 600 boys, with gymnasium, class-rooms, reading-room,
+concert-hall, etc.
+
+Buckingham Palace Gardens, also on the north side, is a row of large,
+ornamental, red-brick houses, newly erected, adjoining the Free Library
+built by Bolton and opened in 1894. On the first floor is a natural
+history collection presented by a parishioner. St. Philip's Church,
+built 1887-90, is a plain but spacious red-brick building, in Early
+English style by Brierley and Demaine, with seats (free) for 850.
+Adjoining is the Grosvenor Club and Grosvenor Hall, used for social
+entertainments, etc. Nearly the whole of the south side of the road has
+recently been demolished in view of the extension of Victoria Station.
+
+Inhabitants--Stafford Row: W. Ryland, engineer, executed for forgery
+1767; Mrs. Radcliffe, authoress of the "Mysteries of Udolpho"; Richard
+Yates, d. 1796. Lower Belgrave Place: No. 3, George Grote, historian
+(later 102, Buckingham Palace Road); 29 and 30, Sir Francis Chantrey,
+1814-41 (later 98, Buckingham Palace Road); 27, Allan Cunningham, poet,
+1824-42; 96, Henry Weekes, R.A. Buckingham Palace Road: E. B. Stephen,
+R.A., 1882.
+
+From the end of Buckingham Palace Road Chelsea was reached by the
+present Pimlico Road, so called in 1871, when the old names of Jews'
+Row, Grosvenor Row (1785), and Queen Street (1774) were abolished. The
+origin of the name Pimlico is uncertain. There was one also at Hoxton,
+where a certain Ben Pimlico kept a noted hostelry in Queen Elizabeth's
+time. It is now officially used to denote the whole district south of
+Knightsbridge, but is popularly confined to the part between Chester
+Square and the Thames. It began to be sparsely inhabited in 1680, after
+which date it is mentioned occasionally in the rate-books, and regularly
+after 1739.
+
+On the north side, near the east end, are two narrow streets--Clifford's
+Row (1785), and King Street (1785). At the corner of Ebury Street stood
+an old inn, the Goat and Compasses, now replaced by the Three Compasses
+public-house. Further on is the Chapel of St. John the Baptist, built
+about 1850 as a chapel of ease to St. Barnabas. Adjoining is the site of
+the Chelsea Bun House, in its best days kept by Richard Hand, "who has
+the honour to serve the Royal Family." It was celebrated by Swift in
+1711, and was taken down in 1839. Opposite stood Strombelo or Stromboli
+House, a minor place of amusement, at its height in 1788. Near here Nell
+Gwynne is said to have lived, and her name is kept up by the Nell Gwynne
+Tavern and a passage called Nell Gwynne Cottages.
+
+Between the Pimlico and Commercial Roads are several small streets. In
+Bloomfield Place stood St. John's School for girls, established in 1859
+under the auspices of the Sisterhood of St. John; adjoining, under the
+same management, St. Barnabas' Mission House and St. Barnabas'
+Orphanage, established in 1860. In Bloomfield Terrace lived at No. 1
+Captain Warner, inventor of the "long range," d. 1853.
+
+In Church Street (1846) stands the college of St. Barnabas, founded by
+Rev. W. J. Bennett. The buildings are of Kentish ragstone, were designed
+by Cundy, and contain a church, clergy house, and school-house with
+teacher's residence. The church, originally built as a chapel of ease to
+St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, is in Early Pointed style, and has a tower
+and spire of Caen stone 170 feet high, with ten bells. The edifice cost
+£15,000, and was at the opening signalized by ritualistic disturbances.
+The schools built on the site of the Orange Tavern and tea-gardens in
+the Pimlico Road were designed for 200 boys, 200 girls, and 200 infants,
+but a separate boys' school has been since built in Ebury Street.
+
+Ranelagh Grove occupies the site of The Avenue, which led from Ebury
+Bridge to old Ranelagh House, but now ends in the blank wall of Chelsea
+Barracks.
+
+In Ranelagh Terrace (now abolished), near Ebury Bridge, d. at No. 2 the
+Rev. T. Pennington, son of Elizabeth Carter, in 1852.
+
+Commercial Road (1842) is occupied by works and industrial dwellings
+(Gatcliff Buildings, 1867, and Wellington Buildings). On the west side
+is the wall of Chelsea Barracks.
+
+It leads by the Chelsea Bridge Road to the embankment at Victoria
+Bridge, a light and graceful suspension bridge designed by Page and
+opened in 1858. The structure, which cost £88,000, is built of iron, and
+rests on piers of English elm and concrete enclosed in iron casings. The
+piers are each nearly 90 feet in length by 20 feet in width, with curved
+cutwaters. The whole bridge is 915 feet long, 715 feet between
+abutments, the centre span 347 feet, side-spans each 185 feet, and there
+is a clear water-way of 21 feet above high-water mark. The roadway is
+made by two wrought-iron longitudinal girders extending the whole length
+of the bridge, suspended by rods from the chains. Toll-houses stand at
+each end, but it was purchased in 1879 for £75,000 as a free bridge.
+
+Near the end of the bridge stood the White House, a lonely habitation
+much used by anglers; opposite, on the Surrey side, was a similar
+building, the Red House. A short way to the east stood the Chelsea
+Waterworks, incorporated as a company in 1724, though waterworks seem to
+have existed here before that date. They extended, with the Grosvenor
+Canal and basin (now occupied by Victoria Station), over 89 acres, and
+supplied water to Chelsea, Knightsbridge, Belgravia, Pimlico, and part
+of Westminster. The company has now removed to Kingston, and the site is
+occupied by the western pumping-station of the main drainage system of
+London, built 1873-75 at a cost of £183,000.
+
+Graham Street (1827) incorporated with which in 1894 were Graham Street
+West and Gregory Street (1833), contains the Church of St. Mary the
+Virgin, a chapel of ease to St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, a red-brick
+building with a spire, built in 1872. Caroline Street (1834) is of no
+interest. Eaton Terrace (1826) was until 1884 named Coleshill Street. At
+the corner of Clieveden Place is an old proprietary chapel, Eaton
+Chapel, in Grecian style, built about 1800, with sittings for 1,200. A
+chapel existed here, however, before that date, known as the Five Fields
+Chapel.
+
+Chester Terrace was in 1878 amalgamated with Minera Street (1830), and
+in 1887 with Newland Street (1836).
+
+Chester Square is very long and narrow; it is five acres in extent, and
+was commenced about 1834. It has three enclosed gardens. At the west end
+is the handsome church of St. Michael, erected 1844-46 in the Decorated
+style from designs by Cundy. The tower has a lofty spire. The chancel
+was extended in 1874, and the building has on several occasions been
+enlarged and restored.
+
+Chester Place, at the east end of the square, was incorporated with it
+in 1874.
+
+The portion of our district lying between the Buckingham Palace Road
+and Grosvenor Canal and the eastern boundary forms an acute-angled
+triangle with the apex at Buckingham Palace. The streets north of
+Victoria Street, which lead into Buckingham Palace Road from the east,
+are narrow and unimportant. Here is Palace Street (1767), until 1881
+called Charlotte Street, after Queen Charlotte, the first royal occupant
+of the Palace. In it is St. Peter's Church, a plain building with seats
+for 200, which existed as Charlotte Chapel in 1770. Its most famous
+incumbent was Dr. Dodd, who was executed for forgery in 1777.
+Subsequently it was held by Dr. Dillon, who was suspended in 1840. It
+was then a proprietary chapel, but is now a chapel of ease to St.
+Peter's, Eaton Square; also St. Peter and St. Edward's Catholic Chapel.
+
+In Palace Place (until 1881 Little Charlotte Street) is St. Peter's
+Chapel School, established in 1830.
+
+The St. George's Union Workhouse, a large red-brick building, built in
+1884, stands in Wallis's Yard, off Princes Row (1767). Buckingham Palace
+(1840), Brewer Street (1811), and Allingham Street (1826) have no
+interest. The latter leads to Victoria Street, a broad thoroughfare
+opened in 1851, only the western end of which falls within the district.
+On the south side is the Victoria Station of the Metropolitan District
+Railway, commenced in 1863 and opened in 1868. The line runs in a curve
+underground from Sloane Square, crossing Ebury Street at Eaton Terrace,
+and Buckingham Palace Road at Grosvenor Gardens. From the Underground
+Station a subterranean passage leads to the Victoria terminus, the
+starting-point of the London, Brighton, and South Coast and London,
+Chatham, and Dover Railway Companies. The present station, which has no
+pretension to architectural beauty, is being greatly enlarged and partly
+rebuilt. It was built at a cost of £105,000, provided by the Victoria
+Station and Pimlico Railway Company, which, having acquired 91 acres of
+land, had built a temporary station and opened the line for the two
+companies' traffic in 1860. The bridge over the Thames was built about
+the same time by Fowler, and on it is the Grosvenor Road
+ticket-collecting station. The land occupied by the railways is freehold
+of the Victoria Company, and leased by the two lines. In 1863 the lines
+of the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway were widened to enable their
+trains to come into the station independently. The lines of the London,
+Brighton, and South Coast Railway are now being extended. The station of
+the latter is a West End branch, the headquarters being at London
+Bridge; but the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway have here their
+principal starting-point. The ground between Victoria Station and the
+river occupies the site of the old manor of Neyte, which belonged to the
+Abbey of Westminster until confiscated by Henry VIII. in 1536. It was a
+favourite residence of the Abbots, and here also lived John of Gaunt,
+and here John, son of Richard, Duke of York, was born in 1448. In 1592
+the manor became a farm and passed with the Ebury Estate into the
+possession of the Grosvenor family. The manor-house stood where is now
+St. George's Row, and in Pepys' time was a popular pleasure-garden.
+Between the Willow Walk (Warwick Street) and the river were the Neat
+House Gardens, which supplied a large part of London with vegetables.
+The name lingered until the present century among the houses on the
+river-bank, and is still commemorated by Neat House Buildings in
+Ranelagh Road. The whole area was low-lying and swampy, and the
+neighbourhood of Eccleston Square was occupied by a vast osier bed. In
+1827, however, Cubitt raised the level of the district by depositing the
+earth excavated from St. Katharine's Docks, and the present houses and
+squares were gradually completed. The whole district is singularly
+uninteresting, the streets of good breadth, and the houses faced with
+plaster of the type we have seen in Belgravia. North of Belgrave Road
+the streets are occupied by the poorer classes, but the squares and
+principal streets in this neighbourhood are tenanted by the wealthy. The
+southern portion is dully respectable, and most of the houses are let in
+lodgings. The eastern end of Warwick Street and Lupus Street contain the
+only shops, and those of no great size or importance. The streets, with
+their principal buildings, are as follows:
+
+The Vauxhall Bridge Road, commenced after 1816, but first mentioned
+under that name in 1827. The following terraces were incorporated with
+it in 1865: Bedford Place (1826), Trellick Place (1826), York Place
+(1839), Pembroke Place, Gloucester Place, Windsor Terrace, Shaftesbury
+Crescent (1826), Howick Place and Howick Terrace (1826).
+
+Wilton Road (1833), with which, in 1890, was incorporated Wilton
+Terrace, skirts the east side of Victoria Station. In it stands the
+Church of St. John the Evangelist, a chapel of ease to St. Peter's,
+Eaton Square. It is a handsome red-brick edifice, built by Blomfield in
+1875, and it accommodates about 900. Behind, in Hudson's Place, are St.
+Peter's Mission House and parish room.
+
+Gillingham Street (1826), Hindon Street (1826), Berwick Street (1830),
+and St. Leonard's Street (1830) are mean and uninteresting.
+
+Warwick Street occupies the site of the ancient Willow Walk, a low-lying
+footpath between the cuts of the Chelsea Waterworks, where lived the
+notorious Aberfield (Slender Billy) and the highwaymen Jerry Abershaw
+and Maclean. It is first mentioned in the rate-books in 1723.
+
+Belgrave Road (1830) is a broad, well-built street, with large houses.
+In 1865 Eccleston Terrace, North and South Warwick Terrace, Upper
+Eccleston Place, and Grosvenor Terrace, were incorporated with it.
+Nearly opposite Eccleston Square is Eccleston Square Chapel
+(Congregational), in Classical style, with seats for 1,100. The railway
+is crossed by Eccleston Bridge. Eccleston Square is 4 acres in extent,
+and is long and narrow, with an enclosed garden, built in 1835.
+
+Warwick Square, of 3 acres, is very similar, and was built in 1843. At
+the end stands St. Gabriel's Church, built by Cundy in Early English
+style, and consecrated in 1853.
+
+St. George's Road is a broad street joined to Buckingham Palace Road by
+Elizabeth Bridge.
+
+In Gloucester Street is the Belgrave Hospital for Children, founded in
+1866 by the late Rev. Brymer Belcher, Vicar of St. Gabriel's, 1853-85.
+The objects of this charitable institution are:
+
+1. The medical and surgical treatment of the children of the poor.
+
+2. The promotion of the study of children's diseases.
+
+3. The training of pupil nurses.
+
+Clarendon Street (1858) absorbed Warwick Place in 1870. Stanley Street
+(1851) was renamed Alderney Street in 1879, Winchester Street 1852,
+Cumberland Street 1852.
+
+Ebury Bridge is the oldest of the bridges over the railway and canal. It
+was known in early days as Chelsea, and afterwards as Waterworks Bridge,
+a wooden structure. A turnpike existed here until 1825. At the south end
+stood Jenny's Whim, a celebrated tavern and pleasure-garden, perhaps
+named from the name of the proprietress and the fantastic way it was
+laid out. It was in the height of its popularity about 1750, and came to
+an end _circa_ 1804. When the railway was widened in 1863 all vestiges
+of it were swept away.
+
+St. George's Row was built as Monster Row _circa_ 1785, and renamed in
+1833. Here was the site of the manor-house of Neyte. The Monster
+public-house commemorates the old Monster tavern and garden, the name
+being probably a corruption of monastery.
+
+At the corner of Warwick Street are the Pimlico Rooms, containing a hall
+for entertainments, etc., and occupied by the Ebury Mission and Pimlico
+day-school for boys, girls, and infants. Adjoining the railway is a
+double row of industrial dwellings, built by the trustees of the Peabody
+fund under the name of Peabody's Buildings.
+
+Westmoreland Street (1852) contains the Pimlico chapel for United Free
+Methodists.
+
+Lupus Street (1842) is named after Hugh Lupus, Earl of Chester, an
+ancestor of the Duke of Westminster. It contains a hospital for women
+and children.
+
+At the eastern end is St. George's Square (1850), a long narrow space
+reaching to the river with an enclosed garden in the centre. The houses
+are large. At No. 9 Sir J. Barnby d. 1896.
+
+At the north end is St. Saviour's Church, built in 1864 from designs by
+Cundy in a Decorated Gothic style. It has sittings for 1,834, and was
+restored in 1882. To the east are Pulford Street (1848) and Aylesford
+Street, in which is St. Saviour's Mission House, built by the Duke of
+Westminster at a cost of £4,000. It serves also for parochial meetings.
+Here also are the works of the Equitable Gas Company, established 1830.
+
+In Claverton Street (1852) is a Methodist Wesleyan chapel, in Classical
+style, with seats for 1,000.
+
+In Glasgow Terrace (1851), formerly Caledonia Street, are St. Saviour's
+and St. Gabriel's National Schools. This neighbourhood contains many
+works and offices, the largest of which is Taylor's repository for
+storing property. Along the river runs the Grosvenor Road, part of the
+Thames Embankment. The houses built on and near it were generally known
+in the last century as the Neat Houses. Terraces with various
+names--Albion Terrace, Pier Terrace, Erin Place (1826), Thames Parade
+(1827), Thames Bank (1828)--were incorporated with the road in recent
+years. Facing the river is All Saints' Church, a chapel of ease to St.
+Gabriel's, by Cundy, built _circa_ 1870 to replace a mission church;
+opposite it is the Pimlico Pier for river steamboats. Adjoining St.
+George's Square is the Army Clothing Factory, established in 1857 in the
+Vauxhall Bridge Road as an experiment to provide labour for women. The
+present establishment was opened in 1859, and has since been largely
+increased, occupying a space of about 7 acres. The east block is the
+Government store, the west the factory, the centre of which is occupied
+by a glass-roofed hall, three stories high, surrounded by spacious
+galleries.
+
+[Illustration: BELGRAVIA DISTRICT.
+
+Published by A. & C. Black, London.]
+
+
+
+
+PADDINGTON
+
+BY G. E. MITTON
+
+
+_Derivation._
+
+The origin of the word Paddington is very obscure. Mr. Edwards in his
+"Names of Places" gives "Pad, padi, A.S. equivalent to Paeda, King of
+Mercia; hence Paddington, the town of Paeda's descendants."
+
+Paddington is not mentioned in Domesday Book.
+
+The boundaries of the borough of Paddington are not quite coterminous
+with those of the parish. It is true that the alteration is not great.
+On the east Edgware Road and Maida Vale still mark the limits with a
+line as straight as that drawn by a ruler. On the south Bayswater Road
+serves a similar purpose as far as the Serpentine, where the boundary
+dips to include part of the Gardens; these are the same as the old
+boundaries. The present line, however, returns northward up the Broad
+Walk to Bayswater Road instead of up Kensington Palace Gardens. From
+Bayswater Road it follows Ossington Street, Chepstow Place, Westbourne
+Grove, Ledbury Road, St. Luke's Road, and crosses the railway lines
+northward to Kensal Road, having from the Bayswater Road been either a
+little within or without the parish line, doubtless so drawn for
+convenience' sake, as it follows streets and not an arbitrary division.
+From Kensal Hall the line follows the canal to Kensal Green Cemetery,
+and, going northward, returns east along Kilburn Lane, thus including a
+bit of ground previously owned by Chelsea. From Kilburn Lane the
+northern boundary dips down between Salisbury Crescent and Malvern Road,
+and up again by Kilburn Park Road; in this last part it remains
+unaltered.
+
+The Westbourne stream formerly ran right through the district. It rose
+in Hampstead, flowed through Kilburn, and followed the trend of the
+present Cambridge and Shirland Roads, though keeping on the east side of
+the place where these streets now stand. It crossed the Harrow Road, and
+ran on the west side of the present Gloucester Terrace until it reached
+the Uxbridge Road. It fed the Serpentine, and, crossing the road at
+Knightsbridge, formed the eastern boundary of the Chelsea parish.
+
+A stream somewhat similar in course was the Tyburn, which also rose at
+Hampstead, but flowed through the parish of Marylebone, the ancient
+Tyburnia. This was considerably to the east of Paddington, and has been
+treated in the Marylebone section. Oxford Street was the ancient Tyburn
+Road, and the gallows stood opposite the Marble Arch.
+
+In Rocque's map (1748) only the Westbourne is marked, but we see Tyburn
+Turnpike at the junction of the Edgware Road, and near by "the stone
+where soldiers are shot." These things do not belong properly to
+Paddington, but are too intimately connected with it to be passed over
+without comment. The Edgware Road itself is the old Watling Street,
+which was continued at first down Park Lane to the ford at Westminster,
+and which afterwards, when London Bridge was built, followed the course
+of Oxford Street and Holborn to the Bridge. Edgware was the name of the
+first town through which it passed after the forests of Middlesex.
+Newcourt says "the parish of Edgeware or Edgeworth consisteth of one
+main street ... ten miles north-westward from London."
+
+In Rocque's 1748 map the district is nearly all open ground; part of the
+Harrow Road is marked, and there are a few houses on it near the Edgware
+Road. The Green Lane, now Warwick Road, runs into it from the north. The
+Pest House is marked prominently about where the chapel stands in Craven
+Terrace in the south of the parish. Below is marked "Bayswatering."
+Queen's Road is Westbourne Green Lane, and the green itself is very
+nearly where Royal Oak Station now stands. About it there are a few
+scattered houses.
+
+
+_History._
+
+"King Edgar gave the Manor of Paddington to Westminster Abbey;" this
+Lysons affirms without any comment. Dart varies the tradition slightly
+by asserting that it was Dunstan and not the King who presented the
+manor to the Abbey. But later writers have thrown discredit on both
+statements. Paddington is not mentioned in the Conqueror's Survey, which
+points to the fact that it was not at that date a separate manor.
+Robins, on the authority of the Rev. Richard Widmore, for many years
+librarian to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, boldly states that the
+documents supposed to prove this gift are undoubted forgeries.
+
+Newcourt says, "the Manor and Rectory of Paddington (which of old did
+belong to the monastery of Westminster)," etc. The first authentic
+mention of the manor is in a document "in the thirty-first year of Henry
+II.," drawn up between "Walter Abbot of Westminster and Richard and
+William de Padinton, brothers, touching the entire tenement which they
+held in Padinton of the Church of Westminster," whereby they gave up
+their hold on the land in consideration of a sum of money. This Abbot
+Walter gave, we are told, the manor of Paddington for the celebration of
+the anniversary of the day on which he died.
+
+For this festival
+
+    "the manor of Paddington is put wholly into the hands of the
+    Almoner ... and whatsoever shall be the final overplus shall be
+    expended charitably in distribution to the poor. On the day of
+    celebration the Almoner is to find for the Convent fine manchets,
+    cakes, crumpets, cracknells, and wafers, and a gallon of wine for
+    each friar, with three good pittances, or doles, with good ale in
+    abundance at every table, and in the presence of the whole
+    brotherhood: in the same manner upon other occasions the cellarer
+    is bound to find beer at the usual feasts or anniversaries on the
+    great tankard of twenty-five quarts.
+
+    "He shall also provide most honourably and in all abundance for the
+    guests that dine in the refectory, bread, wine, beer, and two
+    dishes out of the kitchen besides the usual allowance. And for the
+    guests of higher rank who sit at the upper table under the bell,
+    with the president, ample provision shall be made as well as for
+    the Convent: and cheese shall be served on that day to both.
+
+    "Agreement shall likewise be made with the cook for vessels,
+    utensils, and other necessaries, and not less than two shillings
+    shall be given over above for his own gratification and indulgence.
+    The Almoner is likewise to find for all comers in general, from the
+    hour when the memorial of the anniversary is read to the end of the
+    following day, meat, drink, hay and provender of all sorts in
+    abundance: and no one either on foot or horseback during that time
+    shall be denied admittance at the gate."
+
+There are further provisions for allowances to the nuns at "Kilborne,"
+and 300 poor who were to have a "loaf of mixed corn" and a "pottle of
+ale." The above is taken from Dr. Vincent's translation of the MS. He
+was Dean of Westminster in 1804. Mr. Loftie says: "Westbourne was
+probably at a very early period separated from the original manor of the
+Church of St. Peter.... Of Paddington we only know that it was
+separated from the manor of Westminster at some time between Domesday
+Survey and the middle of the twelfth century. It was restored to its
+original owners ... by the above mentioned agreement between Abbot
+Walter and the brothers Padinton."
+
+Mr. Loftie says also that Westbourne and Paddington are named together
+in 1222 among the possessions of St. Margaret's. He is unable to
+ascertain how the manor of Westbourne came to belong to the Abbot of
+Westminster. In the reign of the second Edward several inquisitions of
+land were made which are quoted by Robins in his "Paddington, Past and
+Present." In one we find mentioned "that Walter de Wenlock [a second
+Abbot Walter] had acquired to himself and his house ... twelve acres of
+land in Padinton of William de Padinton, and three and a half acres of
+Hugh de Bakere of Eye, and thirteen acres of land in Westbourn of John
+le Taillour, and eleven acres of land there of Matilda Arnold, and two
+acres of land there of Juliana Baysevolle, after the publication of the
+statute edited concerning the nonplacing of lands in mortmain, and not
+before. And they (the commissioners) say that it is not to the damage
+nor prejudice of the Lord the King, nor of others, if the king grant to
+the Prior and Convent of Westminster that the Abbots of that place for
+the time being may recover and hold the aforesaid messuages and land to
+them and their successors for ever."
+
+But the Abbot had to pay the King a small yearly sum, and cause certain
+services of reaping and ploughing to be performed for him, which showed
+that he held the land in some sense subject to the Crown. In Henry
+VII.'s reign his mother, the Countess of Richmond, bought certain lands
+in Kensington, Willesden, Paddington, and Westbourne. She left the
+greater part of her possessions to Westminster, so that the Abbey lands
+in this vicinity must have been increased. The manor acquired by the
+Countess seems to have consisted chiefly of two farms--Notting Barns in
+Kensington, and "Westborne" in Paddington; the former is fully dealt
+with in the section devoted to Kensington. Besides the lands left to the
+Abbey, she bequeathed part of her possessions to the Universities of
+Oxford and Cambridge.
+
+In the account of the Church property which fell into Henry VIII.'s
+hands at the dissolution of the monasteries we find mentioned
+"Westborne."
+
+King Henry also held other lands here, which he had obtained by exchange
+or purchase. He made Paddington a part of the endowment of the new See
+of Westminster. After the abolition of that See Edward VI. gave "the
+mannor and rectory of Paddington" to Dr. Nicholas Ridley, then Bishop
+of London, "and his successors for ever" (Newcourt).
+
+Westbourne remained in the possession of the Dean and Chapter of
+Westminster; thus the two manors parted company. Paddington was
+confiscated during the Commonwealth, but was claimed by Bishop Sheldon
+at the Restoration. It was restored to him, and he let it to his nephew,
+Sir Joseph Sheldon, knight, and Daniel Sheldon. It was held by the
+Sheldon family until 1740, when it was let by Gibson, the Bishop of
+London, to Sir John Frederick, in whose family it remained for many
+generations.
+
+
+_Perambulations._
+
+A survey of London in 1827 shows us very few streets in the quarter to
+the south of Praed Street and east of Westbourne Terrace and Street.
+Connaught Square and Connaught Place are marked, and the curious
+rectangular piece of ground of about 5 acres belonging to St. George's,
+Hanover Square. This was bought by St. George's Vestry in 1764, when the
+land was surrounded by fields, and was suitable for a cemetery. Among
+others buried there was Laurence Sterne, whose body is said to have been
+exhumed by body-snatchers. But this ground does not belong to
+Paddington. In the above-mentioned survey Cambridge Street is Sovereign
+Street, and the oval piece with Southwick Crescent at one end is Polygon
+Crescent, a name now only retained in Polygon Mews.
+
+Hyde Park Gardens is marked "Intended Crescent," but except in the
+triangular corner, now bounded by Cambridge and Albion Streets, there
+are few houses.
+
+Cambridge Street and Oxford and Cambridge Terraces and Squares preserve
+in their names the memory of the gift of the Countess of Richmond to
+those universities.
+
+In Southwick Crescent stands St. John's Church, built originally in
+1826, and then known as Connaught Chapel. In 1832 a district was
+allotted to the chapel. In 1844 a portion of this was transferred to the
+new church of St. James. Four years later St. John's obtained a portion
+of the chapelry district, and in 1859 the district itself was made into
+a new parish. Part of the new parish was transferred to St. Michael and
+All Angels in 1864. The church is in a late Gothic style. It was
+completely renovated during 1895, when the present reredos was added.
+
+In Titchborne Road are St. John's Schools. In Junction Mews, off Sale
+Street, is a boatmen's chapel. In Market Street is one of the Dudley
+Stuart night refuges for the destitute. And to the north, in Praed
+Street, is a small Baptist tabernacle with painted front, and further
+westward the church and schools of St. Michael and All Angels. The
+church was built in 1862; it is in the Decorated style, and the
+architect was Mr. Hawkins. Its predecessor was a chapel of ease to St.
+John's, but in 1859 the district was made separate. The organ is by
+Hill.
+
+In Norfolk Square we find All Saints' Church. This has been lately
+rebuilt, having been burnt down on May 31, 1894. The old church was
+consecrated on All Saints' Day, 1847, and its architecture is described
+as having been "Gothic of the eleventh century." The first architect was
+Mr. Clutton. The building was restored and the chancel added in 1873
+from Mr. J. Brooks's designs.
+
+The new church is striking, being of red brick with terra-cotta
+mouldings over the doors and windows. The architect was Ralph Nevill,
+F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A. The old walls that remained have been engrafted into
+the new building. The organ is by Hill. The floor of the church is of
+mosaic, and stalls, screens, and nave seats are of Burmese wood, called
+padouk. The church is lit by electric light.
+
+In the 1827 map a spot at the extreme end of Stanhope Street, just where
+it touches Westbourne Street, is marked Archery Ground, and a little to
+the north, at the corner of Bathhurst Street, are "Bagnigge Wells,"
+probably named after the more famous Bagnigge Wells, near Gray's Inn
+Road.
+
+In Maitland's "History of London" we are told that in the year 1439 the
+Abbot of Westminster granted to the Mayor and citizens of London one
+head of water containing twenty-six perches in length and one in
+breadth, together with all its springs in the manor of Paddington, for
+which two peppercorns were to be paid annually. In these wells of water
+we have the origin of the latter part of the word Bayswater. Some
+writers affirm that the name originated in a public-house kept by a Mr.
+Bays, where horses were given water, hence the more ancient rendering
+"Bayswatering." Lysons says of it, "The springs at this place lie near
+the surface, and the water is very fine." He adds, "The conduit at
+Bayswater belongs to the City of London, and, being conveyed by brick
+drains, supplies the houses in and about Bond Street, which stand upon
+the City lands."
+
+Robins quotes an Act (49 George III.) in which "Byard's Watering Place"
+is mentioned in Tyburn.
+
+In George III.'s reign the mayor and citizens were empowered by an Act
+of Parliament to see their water rights at Bayswater, which was done for
+the sum of £2,500.
+
+Robins says that a Juliana Baysbolle held land in Westbourne, and
+conjectures that the former part of her name may have descended to the
+place. He adds: "At the end of the fourteenth century we find from
+Tanner's note, before quoted, that the head of water given by the Abbot
+was called Baynard's Watering Place; and although this may have been the
+name used in legal documents for the district surrounding it, yet
+Bayswatering has been the name used by the people."
+
+From the springs doubtless arose the names of Brook's Mews, Conduit
+Mews, Spring Street West, and Eastbourne Terraces.
+
+Bayswatering is marked on Rocque's 1748 map at a spot nearly due south
+of Christ Church. St. James's Church was built and made parochial in
+1845. Loftie says that then "the parish for the fourth time changed its
+patron and reverted to its former saint."
+
+The old parish church will be noticed at Paddington Green, on which it
+stands. The new church of St. James's, one of the finest modern churches
+in London, was rebuilt, with the exception of the tower and spire, in
+1882, the material used being flint, and the design was the last of G.
+E. Street's. The chancel is now at the west end, having been transformed
+at the time of rebuilding. There are some very fine stained-glass
+windows, and the organ is by Hill. The walls of the chancel and nave are
+faced with Devonshire marble, and the pulpit and font are of the same
+material. The reredos, of the Last Supper, is a marble bas-relief. The
+old registers are now held by St. James's, and contain some interesting
+entries, notably those referring to burials in the time of the Great
+Plague. Among other items there are the following, which, it must be
+remembered, really refer to the old church:
+
+"William Hogarth, esq., and Jane Thornhill of St. Paul's, Covent Garden,
+married March 23, 1729."
+
+"Joseph Francis Nollekens, buried Jan. 24, 1747." This was the father of
+the famous sculptor.
+
+"Sarah Siddons, buried June 11th, 1831."
+
+On the east side of Craven Terrace is a finely-built Congregational
+Church. This is in a decorated style, with a large wheel window and
+elaborately ornamented pinnacles. It was built between forty and fifty
+years ago, and contains seats for about 700 people. St. James's Schools
+are opposite. Craven Terrace and Hill, and Hill Gardens, recall the
+memory of the fine old Earl Craven, who remained in London during the
+1665 plague, when most of those able to do so had fled. He married the
+titular Queen of Bohemia, a daughter of James I., whom he had loved
+devotedly all his life.
+
+The pest-house marked so prominently on Rocque's map was almost on the
+site of the present Craven Terrace Chapel. Lord Craven gave a site at
+Soho for the purpose of a burial-ground, having seen the difficulty
+attending burial after the plague of 1665, and also for a cottage
+hospital for the suburbs. When this site was built over, he gave another
+site, presumably the pest-house marked by Rocque. Lysons says, "which if
+London should ever again be visited by the plague is still subject to
+the said use"--a sentence which reads quaintly in these days of the
+Intramural Burials Act.
+
+Lord Craven's own house was further westward. Lysons says: "Lord Craven
+has an estate in this parish, called Craven Hill, on which is a small
+hamlet very pleasantly situated." It was to Lord Craven's house Queen
+Anne first took her little son on account of his health, but, finding it
+too small for the numerous retinue, she afterwards removed to Campden
+House. Christ Church, in Lancaster Gate, is in a decorated style of
+Gothic. It was consecrated July 17, 1855, and the architects were
+Messrs. F. and H. Francis. It contains a very fine marble pulpit, and a
+fresco reredos, enclosed in a heavy stone setting. Though Paddington is
+of such modern date, the streets are not conveniently built; it is
+frequently necessary to walk the whole length of a street or terrace
+for lack of a cross-cut into a parallel one, and this is particularly
+noticeable just at this part. In Queen's Road there is a United
+Methodist Free Church, built in 1868 of white brick with stone facings.
+It has an open arcade on to the street. The interior is circular, and
+seats about 900 persons. In the Bayswater Road are many palatial houses
+facing Kensington Gardens. Orme Square, on the north side of the road,
+was built in 1815, and is therefore ancient for Paddington. It was
+doubtless named after Mr. Edward Orme, of Bayswater, who built a chapel
+at his own expense in Petersburgh Place 1818. In Petersburgh Place there
+is a large red-brick synagogue in the Byzantine style. It was opened in
+March, 1879. The walls are lined with slabs of alabaster set in marble,
+and the details of the fittings are rich in gilding. The pillars are of
+light-green marble from the quarries near Sion in the Rhone Valley.
+These decorations are the result of many separate memorial gifts.
+Further northward, on the west side of Petersburgh Place, is the fine
+church of St. Matthew, consecrated on May 20, 1882. The church contains
+1,550 seats, of which 355 are free. The church is in an Early English
+style, and has an immensely high spire. Westward is what was known as
+the Shaftesbury House Estate, through which Palace Court now runs.
+Lysons says "Little Shaftesbury House in this parish (near Kensington
+gravel pits), the seat of Ambrose Godfrey, Esq., is said to have been
+built by the Earl of Shaftesbury, author of the 'Characteristics,' or
+his father the Chancellor."
+
+The borough boundary turns out of Kensington Gardens in Palace Gardens,
+and, crossing the Bayswater Road, goes up northward between Ossington
+Street and Clanricarde Gardens. North of Moscow Road there is a Greek
+church of St. Sophia, built of red brick with a high central dome.
+
+There is a small Baptist chapel at the back of Porchester Gardens.
+Across the Queen's Road there are St. Matthew's Parochial Schools, built
+in 1831, enlarged 1861. Further northward in Queen's Road are the
+capacious buildings of the Paddington Public Baths and Washhouses,
+erected at a cost of £40,000.
+
+Holy Trinity Church, in Bishop's Road, was consecrated July 30, 1846,
+and considerably renovated in 1893. It is a very handsome church, of
+Kentish ragstone, in the Perpendicular style, with quatrefoil parapet,
+ornamental pinnacles and spire. The site on which it stands was formerly
+a deep hole, and consequently the cost of foundations alone came to
+£2,000.
+
+Almost on the spot where Royal Oak Station now is was once the rural
+Westbourne Green, companion to Paddington Green further eastward. In
+Rocque's time there were a few scattered houses here. At Westbourne
+Farm, which stood until about 1860, Mrs. Siddons lived for some time.
+Lysons says: "A capital messuage called Westbourne Place, with certain
+lands thereto belonging, was granted by Henry VIII. anno 1540 to Robert
+White. This estate was some years ago the property of Isaac Ware, the
+architect (editor of Palladio's works and other professional
+publications), who, with the materials brought from Lord Chesterfield's
+house in Mayfair (which he was employed to rebuild), erected the present
+mansion called Westbourne Place a little to the south of the old house,
+which was suffered to stand several years longer. Westbourne Place was
+sold by Ware's executors to Sir William Yorke, Bart., Lord Chief Justice
+of the Common Pleas in Ireland, who resided there a short time and
+afterwards let it to a Venetian Ambassador. In the year 1768 he sold it
+to Jukes Coulson, Esq., who expended a very considerable sum in
+enlarging the house and laying out the grounds. The library which he
+added to the house is said to have cost about £1,500. The situation is
+extremely pleasant, and so uncommonly retired that a person residing
+here could hardly conceive himself to be in a parish adjoining that of
+St. George's, Hanover Square." The vast meshes of the railway network at
+present on the spot are in eloquent contrast to the above. Further down
+in the Porchester Road is the Westbourne Park Chapel, a red-brick
+building in the Pointed or Gothic style, built in 1876.
+
+To the south, near Westbourne Grove, lies St. Thomas's Church, a
+temporary iron building. Close by is a Presbyterian church named St.
+Paul's. It is faced with Kentish ragstone, and was consecrated 1862. In
+the Artesian Road is a Roman Catholic church, St. Mary of the Angels,
+consecrated on July 2, 1857, but since enlarged three times. The
+architect of the latter portions was J. F. Bentley. There is in the
+interior a fine painting of St. Anthony of Padua, supposed to be a
+genuine Murillo. The schools in connection are on the south side. In
+Westbourne Park Road is St. Stephen's Church. The organ is by Hill. At
+the north end of Westbourne Park Road are national schools.
+
+St. Paul's Church and schools stand in Marlborough Street. The church
+was built in 1873, and is of earth-brick, without spire or tower. This
+part of Paddington is considerably cut up both by the railway and canal.
+Crossing the latter at the Lock Bridge, we see the Lock Hospital and
+Asylum standing on the west side of the road. The hospital was
+established in 1737, and the asylum in 1787. Adjoining the hospital is
+the workhouse, occupying with its infirmary about 5 acres. The
+workhouse has 623 beds, and the infirmary 280. All the wards are here
+and all the paupers except the school-children. Beyond the workhouse
+still remain some nursery gardens, and in the continuation of the Harrow
+Road is a Roman Catholic church, the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes and
+St. Vincent de Paul, of Kentish ragstone with a wheel window in the east
+end. The foundation-stone was laid in 1878, and it was opened in 1882 as
+a private chapel. In 1893 it was opened to the public. The altar and
+altar-rails are of white Carrara marble inlaid with malachite. In
+connection with the church next door is the St. Vincent's Home for boys.
+This was begun by a railway clerk, and passed into the hands of the
+Brotherhood of St. Vincent de Paul. Lord Douglas took up the work,
+established the home in its present position, and built the church. In
+1889 St. Joseph's Home, Enfield, was amalgamated with St. Vincent's. The
+home contains 100 boys, received between the years of twelve and
+sixteen, who are taught various trades by which to earn their own
+living. Further on in the Harrow Road, opposite Ashmore Road, is
+Emmanuel Church, built of brick in a plain Pointed style. The
+foundation-stone was laid in 1886. The schools in connection are next
+door.
+
+The new bit of Paddington at Kensal Green requires little comment;
+chapels, schools, and St. John's Church break the monotony of dreary
+streets. In fact, all this part of northern Paddington, though varying
+in the width of streets and the class of its houses, contains nothing of
+any interest. We must now return southward and eastward to what is known
+as Church Ward, which contains nearly all that is most interesting of
+old Paddington. The old parish church, named St. Mary's, stands to the
+north of the Harrow Road. It is a small building of earth-brick in the
+form of a Maltese cross, with a cupola in the centre, supposed to have
+been designed after a Greek model. The side fronting the road has a
+portico, and on the south and west walls there are curious niches formed
+by bricks. The interior is heavy and ugly, with a massive circular
+gallery running round three sides. The pulpit stands right over the
+central aisle, supported by the steps on one side and the reading-desk
+on the other, making thus a curious arch under which everyone must pass
+to reach the Communion rails; it is of mahogany which has been painted,
+and the figures of Dutch oak on the panels are supposed to be Flemish
+work. The church holds about 800 persons. There are many monuments and
+tablets on the walls, but only two worthy of note: one in memory of Mrs.
+Siddons, who is buried in the churchyard, on the north side of the
+chancel; one to Nollekens the sculptor, who died 1823, on the south
+side of the chancel. This is a bas-relief of a man seated by the side of
+a pallet or bench, on which rests a woman holding a baby; behind, an
+angel, representing Religion, points upward. The apparently irrelevant
+subject excited much comment until an explanation was suggested. In the
+Howard Chapel of Wetherall Church, in Cumberland, there is a sculptured
+monument in memory of one of the ladies of the Howard family who died in
+childbirth. The bas-relief over Nollekens' tomb is the facsimile of this
+sculpture, with the exception of the male figure in the foreground. The
+sculpture was executed by Nollekens himself, and is supposed to be one
+of his masterpieces. The monument to Nollekens is, therefore, obviously
+representative of the sculptor himself executing this great work. The
+present church was built in 1791, and stands on the site of a pond. Its
+predecessor was dedicated to St. James, a saint to whom the present
+parish church has returned, and stood a little to the northward on the
+site of the present right of way.
+
+But this itself was only the successor of a still more ancient building,
+of which Newcourt says: "As to the church here, I guess it was dedicated
+to St. Katharine, because, before the old church was pulled down, I
+observed the picture of St. Katharine to be set up in painted glass at
+the top of the middle panel of the east window in the chancel.... The
+church was but small, and being very old and ruinous, was, about the
+year 1678, pulled down, and new-built from the ground at the cost and
+charges of Sir Joseph Sheldon, knight, sometime Lord Mayor of the City
+of London, and his brother, Mr. Daniel Sheldon, then Lessees of the
+Mannor of Paddington."
+
+These Sheldons were the nephews of the Bishop Sheldon to whom the manor
+was restored at the Restoration in 1661. Newcourt tells us that before
+the Parliament had seized it the church was a donative or curacy in the
+gift of the Bishop of London; that the pension of the curate was but £28
+per annum. This was increased by Bishop Sheldon to £80, and the larger
+sum was fixed by Act of Parliament, and the lessee was bound by his
+lease to pay the Vicar £80 a year. The first curate mentioned is one
+"Griffin Edwards, A.B., licentiat., December 18, 1598." The churchyard
+proper only comprises about 1 acre of land, but the old burial-ground,
+including the site of the older church, adjoins to the northward and
+includes 3 acres. This was laid out as a public garden in 1885. The
+freehold rests with the Vicar of Paddington. On the east side, above the
+centre pathway, is a flat stone to the memory of Mrs. Siddons, who died
+1831, aged 76. On it are three glazed vases added later by the parish.
+In the same vault is buried Mrs. Martha Wilkinson, her dresser, who
+died in 1847, and was laid here by her own especial request. On the west
+side, below the centre path, is a flat stone to the memory of one John
+Hubbard, who lived from 1554 to 1665, and therefore reached the
+patriarchal age of 111 years. The churchyard also contains the remains
+of Collins, an artist, who painted English coast scenery; Dr. Geddes,
+translator of the historical books of the Old Testament; Banks, the
+sculptor, 1805; Nollekens; the Marquis of Lansdowne; Vivares, the
+engraver, 1780. The churchyard was enlarged in 1753, when Sherlock was
+Bishop of London, and further in 1810, when the piece of ground at the
+north-east corner, which is marked on a map of the beginning of the
+nineteenth century "Manor House," was enclosed. To the east of the
+church is the famous Paddington Green, now shrunk to very small
+dimensions. A statue of Mrs. Siddons in white marble has been erected on
+Paddington Green. The statue was designed by M. Chavalliand, and
+executed by Messrs. Brindley. The total cost was about £450.
+
+In Greville House, which stands on the north side of the Green, Emma,
+afterwards Lady Hamilton, lived for four years under the protection of
+the Hon. Charles Greville, to whom her mother was housekeeper. None of
+the other houses now standing are old enough to merit comment.
+Paddington House, "a handsome brick structure," built by Denis Chirac,
+who had been jeweller to Queen Anne, formerly stood on the east side of
+the Green, near to Harrow Road. He entered upon his residence here in
+1753. At the corner of Church Street, on the Green, stands the
+Children's Hospital, a large red-brick building. The origin of this was
+a Free Dispensary for Sick Children, opened in 1862 in Lisson Grove by
+two medical men. Relief was afforded to 20,000 children during the first
+six years of the work, which was carried on under the management of a
+medical committee. In 1869 a building fund was suggested. But it was in
+1881, by the earnest work of Mr. George Hanbury, that practical steps
+were taken for the establishment of a small hospital. In 1883 the
+freehold of the land at the corner of Church Street was purchased, and
+the buildings standing there were adapted for the purpose. Further
+ground was bought at the back in 1885, and an out-patient department
+established. In 1890, owing to the pressure of applications for
+in-patients, it was decided to build a new wing. However, for sanitary
+reasons, it was considered better to pull down the old building and
+entirely rebuild the hospital. The children then in the hospital were
+temporarily sent to Harrow, and the new building was commenced in 1894,
+and was reopened in June, 1895. An interesting old shop at the corner
+of Church Street was pulled down to make way for it. It contains all
+modern improvements, including electric light and cooking by gas. There
+is an isolation ward for any infectious illness which may break out, and
+two large, bright wards for the ordinary patients. The walls of these
+are lined with glazed bricks and tiles, and one of the wards contains
+large tile-work pictures representing well-known fairy tales. Boys are
+received up to the age of twelve, and girls to fourteen years. Babes of
+even three and four days are admitted. The out-patients' department is
+entirely free, no letter of any sort being required. The payment of a
+nominal fee of a penny to insure genuine cases is all that is exacted.
+Out-patients are selected by the medical staff to become in-patients.
+The children look bright and well cared for; the wards are models of
+cleanliness and comfort. The hospital is entirely supported by voluntary
+contributions and subscriptions. The temporary house at Harrow has been
+retained as a convalescent home.
+
+A house, No. 13, close by the hospital, is one of Dr. Stainer's Homes
+for Deaf and Dumb Children.
+
+The Paddington charities may be here described. But it must be
+remembered that amounts where mentioned are only given in general terms,
+and are liable to variation.
+
+The _Bread and Cheese Charity_ is of very ancient origin, and is said to
+have been founded by two maiden ladies. The bequest was in the form of
+land, though the name of the donors and the date of the gift are
+unknown. With the rents of the land bread and cheese were purchased, and
+thrown from the church tower to poor people on the Sunday before
+Christmas. The annual income arising from this source is now divided,
+being expended partly upon education, partly upon apprenticeship, and a
+certain amount upon coals and blankets to be distributed among the poor
+of the parish.
+
+_Johnson's Charity_ is a rent-charge of £1 a year, distributed in small
+sums among the poor of the parish. The date of this bequest is not
+known.
+
+_Lyon's Charity_ is of very ancient date--namely, 1578. It consists of
+an estate in Kilburn and an estate in Paddington, and is distributed
+among many different parishes. The greater part of the income, which, of
+course, varies in amount, goes to the repairing of roads.
+
+_Harvest's Charity_ in 1610 bequeathed an estate to the parishes of
+Paddington and Marylebone for repairing the highways. The income derived
+from this source is devoted to the above-mentioned purpose.
+
+_Dr. Compton's and Margaret Robertson's, or Robinson's Charity._--This
+is supposed to have been partly the gift of Dr. Compton, Bishop of
+London. The first grant was made in 1717, which was after Dr. Compton's
+death, but it is possible that he promised the gift which was granted by
+his successor, Dr. Robinson. Lysons says "the donation was confirmed by
+Dr. Robinson." "The first admission to the land, the property of
+Margaret Robertson's Charity, was on the 18th day of April, 1721"
+(Charity Commissioners' Report). The same persons are trustees for both
+charities. The gross total income, which amounts to about £535, is
+distributed as follows: £321 for education purposes, £107 for
+apprenticing, and the same as the latter sum to be given to the poor of
+the parish in kind.
+
+_The Almshouse Charity._--Paddington is singularly deficient in
+almshouses, the only houses of the kind having been pulled down between
+1860 and 1870. These stood opposite the Vestry Hall, and are mentioned
+below. The Almshouse Charity includes the charity of Frances King. It is
+described as having been mentioned first on the Court Rolls of the manor
+of Paddington in 1720, but Lysons, in referring to the same charity,
+says: "Several small almshouses were built at the parish expense in the
+year 1714." There were seventeen of these almshouses in all, inclusive
+of four built by Samuel Pepys Cockerell. Two of them were used as rooms
+by the master and mistress of the Charity School. Some of these houses
+must have been pulled down previous to the year 1853, for at that date
+the Vestry applied for permission to pull down the twelve almshouses in
+the Harrow Road, considering that the estate could be more
+advantageously administered. It was not until 1867, however, that the
+order of the Court of Chancery was finally obtained, and after the
+demolition part of the land was let on a building lease. Another part,
+with a frontage to the Harrow Road, was let also on a building lease
+1869. The houses erected on this are Nos. 111, 113, 115, 117, 119,
+Harrow Road. Frances King's Charity was £200, given by will in 1845 to
+be expended in coals for the inhabitants of the above-mentioned
+almshouses. The total income of the Almshouse Charity is somewhere about
+£200; of this amount the trustees pay a yearly sum of £50 to the
+trustees of St. Mary's School, and the remainder is applied to necessary
+expenses, and to pensions of £10 to £12 a year to deserving candidates
+in the parish.
+
+Denis Chirac left in 1777 a sum of £100 (Report Charity Commissioners;
+Lysons says £138) for the benefit of the poor children of the parish.
+This amount, together with £120 given by Baron Maseres, was applied to
+the building of a schoolroom. The old Charity School, still standing
+near the site of the almshouses, was built in 1822 upon copyhold land
+granted for the purpose by the Bishop. St. Mary's Schools at present
+stand near the spot in Church Place.
+
+_Abourne's Charity_ was left in 1767. It is at present £300 in stock,
+and produces an annual income of from £8 to £9, distributed in bread
+among the poor of the parish.
+
+_Simmonds' Charity_ consists of the dividends on £600 stock, from which
+an annual income of from £16 to £20 is distributed among poor women of
+the parish in sums of 10s. 6d.
+
+_Marion Mayne's Charity._--In 1854 Marion Mayne left a sum of money by
+her will for keeping in repair certain tombstones, tablets, etc.,
+including her own, and a sum for the maintenance of Paddington Green in
+good order, and a sum to be expended in annuities among the poor of the
+parish. The present income is derived from the dividends on £6,416 1s.
+7d. stock, the latest income of which is expended as directed.
+
+_Smith Charity._--Under Augustus Frederick Smith's will, proved March
+19, 1881, dividends on £9,985 3s. 8d. were left to the parish. The
+income is between £200 and £300. This is distributed amongst poor women
+about sixty years of age resident in Paddington, in pensions of not
+more than £20, or less than £10 per annum.
+
+Following St. Mary's Terrace northwards, we see on the east side a
+curious little passage leading to a small Welsh chapel, an iron
+building. Close by the chapel stands a genuine old cottage, whitewashed
+and thatched, a remnant of the time when Paddington was largely composed
+of open ground. This cottage is said by an antiquarian authority to be
+several centuries old. It was granted to the Welsh congregation by the
+Bishop of London in 1890. Not far from this, up another narrow opening,
+is an old brick house with quaint red-tiled roof. This is Claremont
+House. It is picturesque, but has no authentic history. Opening out of
+St. Mary's Terrace on the east side, Howley and Fulham Places and
+Porteus Road recall the ownership of the Bishops of London.
+
+We must now mention the Grand Junction Canal. When it was first opened
+it was the fashion to go excursions by the day on the water, a custom
+referred to in "Nollekens and his Times." In 1812 the Regent's Canal
+Company was incorporated and given authority to make and maintain a
+navigable canal from the Grand Junction Canal in the parish of
+Paddington to the river Thames in the parish of Limehouse. The canal to
+the Regent's Park basin was opened two years after this, but was only
+completed in 1820. About "Paddington Basin," as it is called, are
+clustered many poor houses. The streets between the Harrow Road on the
+one side, and the basin on the other, are miserable and squalid. At the
+corner of Green Street is a church formerly belonging to the Catholic
+Apostolic community, later purchased by the Baptists, and now belonging
+to the Salvation Army. This is a structure of Kentish ragstone in a
+Gothic style with small steeple. In the Edgware Road are one or two
+public-houses, which, if not actually old, stand on the sites and
+inherit the names of famous old predecessors. The White Lion, now
+amalgamated with a music-hall, bears date of foundation 1524. It is said
+that G. Morland, the animal painter, painted a sign for this. It is No.
+267. Northward, at the corner of Church Street, is the Wheatsheaf,
+which, says Robins, "has the credit of having frequently entertained
+honest and learned Ben Jonson."
+
+The Red Lion, No. 239, a little to the north of Praed Street, claims as
+ancient a date. Tradition says that Shakespeare acted in one of the old
+wooden rooms, now vanished, and the inn boasts a haunted chamber.
+
+In Cambridge Place is St. Mary's Hospital and Medical School. The
+suggestion of a hospital was discussed in 1840, but the foundation was
+not laid until 1843 by the late Prince Consort. The building was
+designed to hold 380 beds, but though it has been added to from time to
+time it still contains less than this, a supply totally inadequate to
+the demand for accommodation. The first wing was opened in 1857, and
+contained 150 beds. In 1865 the present King laid the foundation-stone
+of a further wing, and in 1892 the stone of the Clarence memorial wing.
+By 1886 all the building land acquired by the hospital had been used,
+and it was found necessary to purchase other land. In 1887 negotiations
+were made by which the Grand Junction Canal Company agreed to sell their
+interest in the required land. After five years' labour and the
+expenditure of £48,000, the desired result was achieved, and the
+Clarence wing was commenced. The hospital now faces Praed Street as well
+as Cambridge Place, the intervening houses having been pulled down. It
+is a great square red-brick building with stone facings. Behind the
+hospital are All Saints' Schools, and to the west of them the Great
+Western Railway Terminus. The Act for the extension of the Great Western
+line to Paddington, and for the erection of a station, was dated 1836.
+The first station was, however, only temporary. The present one was
+designed by I. K. Brunel, commenced 1849, and completed in 1854. It
+contains three passenger platforms, and the roof is divided by columns
+into three great spans, of which the centre one measures over 102 feet
+in width, and the outer ones 68 feet each. The station buildings and
+platforms at Paddington cover an area of 373,407 feet, but even this
+extent is insufficient for the railway purposes. Adjacent houses have
+consequently been adapted for the offices, and there is continual need
+for further accommodation. There are eight platform lines, and the
+platforms themselves are 780 feet in length. The daily passenger trains
+number from 250 to 300, and with the addition of excursion trains in the
+season the total daily average has reached 350. The diurnal number of
+passengers is estimated at 14,000, but high-water mark has been touched
+between 40,000 and 50,000. Twenty-five tons of news parcels are
+despatched from Paddington in one day, and nearly 3,000 mail-bags and
+parcels-post packages pass through the station in the same time, besides
+about 5,000 milk-churns. The above figures give some indication of the
+enormous traffic at this great terminus. The army of workers employed
+numbers 2,000, exclusive of the large clerical staff employed in the
+general department. The Great Western Hotel in a Renaissance style
+fronts Praed Street. It was built from 1850 to 1852, and its frontage is
+nearly 89 yards in length, and it is connected with the station by means
+of a covered way. Covered ways also connect the station with Praed
+Street and Bishop's Road Stations of the Metropolitan Railway.
+
+In No. 19, Warwick Crescent, Robert Browning lived for five-and-twenty
+years, a fact recorded by a tablet of the Society of Arts. He came here
+in 1862, broken down by the death of his wife, and remained until a
+threatened railway near the front of the house--an innovation never
+carried out--drove him away. We are now once more in the region where
+the name of Westbourne is freely used. There is Westbourne Terrace and
+Square, Westbourne Park Crescent and Terrace Road. Near to Park Crescent
+in Chichester Place is a Jewish synagogue of red brick, with ornate
+stone carving over doors and windows. Next door is a curiously built
+Primitive Methodist chapel, with bands of differently coloured bricks in
+relief. St. Mary Magdalene's Church and schools stand at the corner of
+Cirencester Street. A temporary church was first opened in 1865, and the
+real building in 1868. This was the work of G. E. Street, R.A., and is a
+compactly built church of dark-red brick, with apse and very high spire,
+202 feet in height. It stands in rather a peculiar situation at the
+junction of three or four roads, and suits the position well.
+
+On July 13, 1872, while workmen were still busy with the roofing, the
+church caught fire. The damage, however, was not great. The church was
+finally completed in 1878. The services are High Church. The patronage
+is held by Keble College, Oxford, and the population of the parish is
+about 10,000. The ward of Maida Vale is bounded by Church ward on the
+south, Westbourne and Harrow Road wards on the west, and the borough
+boundary north and east. Between the Maida Vale Road and St. Saviour's
+Church in the Warwick Road there is nothing to comment on. The church of
+St. Saviour is in a Decorated style of Gothic. It is ornately built,
+with a square tower buttressed and pinnacled. The church was consecrated
+in 1856, and in 1883 a very fine and solidly-built chancel was added.
+This is faced on the interior with Cosham stone. Carved stone niches run
+on the north and south and on both sides of the Communion table. Some of
+these contain life-size statues of saints and the Apostles. A very
+handsome set of sanctuary lamps, after a Florentine design, hang across
+the chancel. In Formosa Street are the Church schools of St. Saviour's,
+and in Amberley Road there is a Board School. At the north of Shirland
+Road is a dingy brick building like a large meeting-room. This is the
+Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church; in it the services are held in
+Welsh. Across Sutherland Avenue, at the corner of Shirland Road, is a
+very large brick building faced with red brick, which has two doorways
+with porticos supported by columns with ornamented capitals. This is a
+Wesleyan Methodist chapel, built in 1876. The schools in connection are
+beneath the chapel. Further northward in the Shirland Road is a large
+brick building with two entrances. This is the Wordsworth Ladies'
+College and a branch of the Kilburn Orphanage. It was built in the year
+1887 for both purposes, and there is no interior division between the
+college and home. The orphans are only kept here until nine years of
+age, when they are passed on to the Central Home. The Kilburn Sisters
+have patented a form of cot surrounded with wire to prevent the very
+little ones from falling out in their sleep. The room where there are
+rows upon rows of these cots with head curtains is a very curious
+spectacle, though it certainly suggests the desirability of further
+accommodation. The college has large class-rooms and a studio for art
+students. Some students board here, but the greater number attend daily.
+The terms are very low--fifteen shillings a week, including board,
+lodging, and tuition. The college is intended to assist girls desirous
+of passing the Government examinations as elementary school teachers.
+Almost immediately opposite the college is a small brick Baptist chapel,
+considerably below the level of the road. In Elgin Avenue there is a
+school of the Girls' Public Day School Company. On either side of Elgin
+Avenue are large spaces of open ground used by market-gardeners and
+others. To the north lies Paddington Recreation Ground, with cricket,
+football, and tennis grounds, running and cycling tracks. Beyond this,
+in the most northerly part of the borough, is the Kilburn Orphanage.
+This was begun in 1875 in two houses in the Kilburn Park Road, but funds
+were raised for building purposes, and in 1880 the present orphanage was
+completed. The Sisters themselves supplied quite half of the money
+required. The rule of the Sisterhood is that, though each retains
+control of her own capital, her income goes into the common fund. The
+orphanage is a large red-brick building standing in Randolph Gardens.
+The western wing, now connected with the main building, was added later,
+and the chapel last of all; it was not completed until about 1890. The
+chapel is well fitted up, and the whole building has an air of comfort
+and warmth in the interior. The passages are paved with tessellated
+pavement, and the floors of the large schoolrooms are of parquet. This
+is only one of the orphanage homes. There is a large establishment at
+Broadstairs, which is partly a home for convalescents and partly for
+orphans; and another at Margate; a relief home for little ones, already
+mentioned, in the Shirland Road; and homes for boys at Brondesbury,
+Oxford, and elsewhere. In Burwood Place there are printing-offices and
+workshops connected with the orphanage, entirely managed by the boys.
+During the last few years there has been much discussion on the methods
+of the orphanage, and several charges have been brought against the
+Sisters, of which the chief are: (1) Want of business method and
+properly audited accounts; (2) injudicious methods: advertising for
+illegitimate children without inquiry, to the encouragement of vice; (3)
+receiving payment with such children, when the foundation was intended
+for the absolutely destitute; (4) repudiation of all external control,
+evidenced by deposing the Archbishop of Canterbury from his post of
+patron when he attempted inquiry. These offences seem to have been
+chiefly the result of mismanagement, not deliberately wrought, and might
+be condoned. The orphanage receives children from the workhouse under
+five years of age, and also foundlings. The community comprises about
+160 Sisters, of which many are abroad. The orphan girls are trained in
+domestic work, and do all their own work in the home. They do not leave
+until they are nineteen or twenty years of age.
+
+Adjoining the orphanage is the large red-brick church of St. Augustine.
+This is a remarkable church both inside and out. It was designed by J.
+L. Pearson, who thereby obtained the distinction of adding the letters
+R.A. to his name. Through this building he also obtained the commission
+to build Truro Cathedral. The church, as above stated, is of red brick,
+in the first Pointed style, with long lancet windows. At the four
+corners are four Pointed towers enriched with stonework. The centre
+steeple has never been added, for want of funds, though the foundations
+for it are deeply laid. The interior is very picturesque. There is a
+triforium formed by the bays of the arches carried up from the centre
+aisle. The roof is groined, and the chancel-screen, pulpit, walls of the
+chancel, and the reredos are all stonework, with niches fitted with
+stone figures. In the transeptal chapels are some fine oil paintings
+executed on brick; that in the south chapel is the work of a prize pupil
+of the Royal Academy. The church was built entirely owing to the
+exertions of the present vicar, Mr. Kirkpatrick, who himself contributed
+largely. An iron church on the same site was erected in 1870, and was so
+constructed that the present building could be built over and enclose
+it; therefore service was never interrupted for one day during the
+process. In 1871 the greater part of the church was built, and in 1877
+the nave was opened. It was completed in 1880.
+
+There is very little of interest in the remaining part of the district.
+St. Peter's Church, Elgin Avenue, was consecrated on August 12, 1872.
+The church is built of Kentish ragstone, and is in a plain Early English
+style, with an apse at the east end. The square tower, surmounted by a
+short steeple, was added a few years later. The pillars are of polished
+Aberdeen granite. St. Peter's National Schools lie to the south in
+Chippenham Road. In Fernhead Road there is a Wesleyan chapel, built in
+an ornate style with two square towers. Further north, just within the
+borough boundary, is St. Luke's Church, built of brick, with schools
+attached. This was consecrated in January, 1877, and is in a severe
+Gothic style.
+
+[Illustration: BAYSWATER DISTRICT.
+
+Published by A. & C. Black, London.]
+
+
+
+
+INDEX
+
+
+Aberdare, Lord, 67
+
+Aberfield, 83
+
+Abergavenny, Lord, 28
+
+Abershaw, Jerry, 83
+
+Abingdon, Lord, 29
+
+Abington, Mrs., 70
+
+Adair, Sir R., 40
+
+Albemarle Club, 31
+
+Albemarle, Earl of, 26
+
+Albemarle Street, 30
+
+Aldford Street, 13, 17, 38
+
+Alington House, 14
+
+Alison, Sir A., 65
+
+Allingham, W., 19
+
+Ancaster, Earl of, 61
+
+Anglesea, Lord, 29
+
+Anne, Queen, 49
+
+Anson, Admiral, 23
+
+Anthropological Society, 21
+
+Apsley House, 54
+
+Arbuthnot, Dr., 34
+
+Argyle, Duke of, 37, 53
+
+Army Clothing Factory, 86
+
+Ashbourne, Lord, 62
+
+Ashburnham House, 33
+
+Atholl, Duke of, 60, 65
+
+Austro-Hungarian Embassy, 61
+
+Aylesford Street, 85
+
+
+Bach, J. C., 21
+
+Baden-Powell, Lady, 68
+
+Badminton Club, 61
+
+Baillie, Matthew, 19, 56
+
+Balcarres, Lord, 20
+
+Balfe, M. W., 27
+
+Balfour Place, 17
+
+Bancroft, Sir S., 36
+
+Baring, Thomas, 40
+
+Barker, Thomas, 20
+
+Barnard, Lady Anne, 36
+
+Barré, Colonel, 39
+
+Barrington, B., 62
+
+Barrymore, Lord, 38
+
+Barrymore, Earl of, 51
+
+Bartlett, Sir E. Ashmead, 19
+
+Bath Club, 33
+
+Bath House, 50
+
+Bathurst, C., 45
+
+Bathurst, Earl, 37, 39
+
+Bayswater, 97
+
+Bayswater Road, 101
+
+Beaconsfield, Earl of, 42
+
+Beau Brummell, 38, 39, 41
+
+Beaumont, Sir John, 13
+
+Beckford, W., 13
+
+Bedford, Duke of, 39, 53, 61
+
+Beechey, Sir W., 26
+
+Belgrave Hospital, 83
+
+Belgrave Place, 65
+
+Belgrave Road, 83
+
+Belgrave Square, 61
+
+Belgravia, 60
+
+Bell, Sir Charles, 20
+
+Belmore, Earl of, 53
+
+Bennett, Sir W. H., 41
+
+Bennett, W. J., 62
+
+Berkeley, Hon. G., 49
+
+Berkeley House, 49
+
+Berkeley Square, 34
+
+Berkeley Street, 36
+
+Bernal, R., 67
+
+Berry, the Misses, 14 42
+
+Bevan, Henry, 53
+
+Blake, W., 20
+
+Blessington, Lady, 41
+
+Bloomfield Terrace, 76
+
+Blount, Martha, 36, 42
+
+Blythswood, Lord, 41
+
+Bolingbroke, Viscount, 34
+
+Bolton Row, 42
+
+Bolton Street, 43
+
+Bond Street, 27
+
+Boswell, J., 27, 29, 44
+
+Boundaries of Paddington, 87
+
+Brampton, Lord, 39
+
+Brandes, W. T., 43
+
+Brassey, Lord, 12
+
+Breadalbane, Marquis of, 12
+
+Brick Street, 46
+
+Broadbent, Sir W., 20
+
+Brodie, Sir B., 56
+
+Brook House, 11
+
+Brook Street, 19
+
+Brougham and Vaux, Lord, 36, 37, 39
+
+Broughton, Dr., 66
+
+Browning, Robert, 120
+
+Brownlow, Earl, 61
+
+Brunswick, Duchess of, 23
+
+Bruton Street, 86
+
+Buckingham Gate, 73
+
+Buckingham Palace Gardens, 73
+
+Buckingham Palace Road, 73
+
+Buckinghamshire, Duchess of, 26
+
+Buckinghamshire, Earl of, 53
+
+Bulkeley, General, 36
+
+Buller, Charles, 68
+
+Bunsen, Baron, 16, 42
+
+Burdett, Sir F., 49
+
+Burdett-Coutts, Baroness, 49
+
+Burghclere, Lord, 40
+
+Burgoyne, General, 45
+
+Burke, Edmund, 20
+
+Burton, Lord, 15
+
+Bute House, 15
+
+Bute, Lord, 32
+
+Byng, Admiral, 37
+
+Byron, 32
+
+Byron, Lady, 34
+
+Byron, Lord, 28
+
+
+Cambridge, Duke of, 50, 52
+
+Cambridge House, 50
+
+Cambridge Terrace, 95
+
+Camden, Lord, 37
+
+Camelford House, 10
+
+Camelford, Lord, 29
+
+Campbell, Thomas, 23, 49, 70, 71
+
+Campbell-Bannerman, Sir H., 60
+
+Camperdown, Earl of, 40
+
+Canning, George, 27, 37
+
+Canning, Lord, 13
+
+Cardwell, 67
+
+Carlisle, Earl of, 37, 59
+
+Carlos Place, 17
+
+Carnarvon, Earl of, 36
+
+Carnarvon House, 10
+
+Caroline, Queen, 16
+
+Carrington, Earl, 19
+
+Carrington Street, 45
+
+Carte, Samuel, 45
+
+Carter, Elizabeth, 15
+
+Cary, Rev. H. F., 40, 46
+
+Cathcart, Earl, 60
+
+Caulfield, General, 65
+
+Cavalry Club, 52
+
+Chandos, Duke of, 41
+
+Chantrey, Sir F., 42, 44, 74
+
+Chapel Street, 64
+
+Charities, Paddington, 112-115
+
+Charlemont, Lord, 45
+
+Charles Street, 39, 40
+
+Charles X., 16
+
+Charlotte, Princess, 10
+
+Charteris, Colonel Francis, 26
+
+Chatham, Earl of, 36
+
+Chelsea Bun House, 75
+
+Chesham Place, 64
+
+Chesterfield, Earl of, 12, 15
+
+Chesterfield Gardens, 41
+
+Chesterfield House, 15
+
+Chesterfield Street, 41
+
+Chester Place, 68
+
+Chester Square, 68, 78
+
+Chester Street, 66
+
+Chetwynd, Sir G., 18
+
+Chewton, Lord, 62
+
+Children's Hospital, 110
+
+Cholmondeley, Marquis of, 50
+
+Churches:
+  All Saints', Norfolk Square, 96
+  Belgrave Chapel, 64
+  Berkeley Chapel, 40
+  St. Anselm's, 18
+  St. Augustine's, 124
+  St. Barnabas's, Pimlico, 76
+  Christ Church, Down Street, 46
+  Christ Church, Lancaster Gate, 100
+  Eaton Chapel, 78
+  Eccleston Square Chapel, 83
+  Emmanuel Church, 105
+  St. Gabriel's, 83
+  St. George's Chapel, 31
+  St. George's, Hanover Square, 25
+  Greek Church, 102
+  Grosvenor Chapel, 15
+  Hanover Chapel, 23
+  Holy Trinity, Bishop's Road, 102
+  St. James's, Paddington, 98
+  St. John's, Paddington, 95
+  St. John the Evangelist, 82
+  King's Weigh House Chapel, 18
+  St. Luke's, 126
+  St. Mark's, North Audley Street, 14
+  St. Mary Magdalene's, 120
+  St. Mary of the Angels, 104
+  St. Mary's, Bourdon Street, 19
+  St. Mary's (old parish), Paddington, 106
+  St. Mary the Virgin, 78
+  St. Matthew's, Petersburgh Place, 101
+  Mayfair Chapel, 41
+  St. Michael and All Angels, 96
+  St. Michael's, 78
+  Our Lady of Lourdes, 105
+  St. Paul's, Wilton Place, 62
+  St. Paul's, Paddington, 104
+  St. Paul's Presbyterian Church, 104
+  St. Peter's, Charlotte Street, 79
+  St. Peter's, Eaton Square, 67
+  St. Peter's, Elgin Avenue, 126
+  St. Philip's, 74
+  St. Saviour's, 10
+  St. Saviour's, Pimlico, 85
+  St. Saviour's Warwick Road, 121
+  St. Stephen's, 104
+  Westbourne Park Chapel 104
+
+Churchill, Winston, 17
+
+Cibber, Colley, 36
+
+Clanwilliam, Earl of, 61
+
+Clarence, Duke of, 40
+
+Clarendon House, 29
+
+Clarendon Street, 84
+
+Clarges, Sir T., 26
+
+Clarges Street, 43
+
+Claridge's Hotel, 19
+
+Clark, Sir James, 23
+
+Claverton Street, 85
+
+Clieveden Place, 68
+
+Clifden, Viscount, 39
+
+Clonmell, Earl of, 49
+
+Clyde, Lord, 36
+
+Cobham, Viscount, 23
+
+Cochrane, Lord, 16
+
+Codrington, Sir A., 67
+
+Codrington, Sir E., 67
+
+Coke, Lady Mary, 17
+
+Collins, 109
+
+Combermere, Viscount, 61
+
+Commercial Road, 76
+
+Conduit Street, 26
+
+Coningsby, Lord, 29
+
+Conyngham, Marquis of, 53
+
+Cooke, G. F., 70
+
+Cooper, Sir Astley, 27
+
+Cope, Sir J., 43
+
+Copley, J., 26
+
+Cork, Earl of, 40, 53
+
+Cornwallis, Marquis, 19, 33
+
+Cosway, Richard, 25, 36
+
+Cottenham, Lord, 37
+
+Cottesloe, Lord, 67
+
+Courtenay, Rev. H., 25
+
+Coventry, Lord, 28, 51
+
+Cowper, Lord Chancellor, 26
+
+Coxe, Archdeacon, 34
+
+Cranborne, Viscount, 33
+
+Craven, Earl, 99
+
+Craven, Lord, 28
+
+Craven Terrace, 99
+
+Crewe, Earl of, 42
+
+Crewe, Lord, 17, 19
+
+Cumberland, Duke of, 45
+
+Cunningham, Allan, 74
+
+Curzon Street, 41
+
+
+Darner, Hon. Mrs., 16
+
+D'Angoulême, Duchesse, 16
+
+D'Arblay, Madame, 17, 43, 50
+
+Darnley, Countess of, 38
+
+Dartmouth, Earl of, 40
+
+Davey, Lord, 20
+
+Davies Street, 18
+
+Davy, Sir Humphry, 14, 19
+
+Deanery Street, 39
+
+Delany, Mrs., 20, 28, 43
+
+Dent, Mr., 45
+
+Derby, Earl of, 13, 25
+
+Derby Street, 45
+
+De Ros, Lord, 62
+
+De Staël, Madame, 26
+
+D'Este, Mdlle., 38
+
+De Tabley, Lord, 38
+
+Devonshire House, 48
+
+Dillon, Dr., 79
+
+Disraeli, Benjamin, 12
+
+Dodd, Dr., 79
+
+Dolgorouki, Prince, 17
+
+Dorchester House, 11
+
+Dover, Earl of, 33
+
+Dover Street, 33
+
+Douglas, Right Hon. Akers, 17
+
+Downshire House, 22
+
+Ducie, Lord, 61
+
+Duckworth, Sir Dyce, 33
+
+Dudley House, 11
+
+Duels, 8
+
+Duke's Hospital, 59
+
+Dalkeith, Earl of, 53
+
+Dumergue, Mr., 52
+
+Duncan, Sir H., 65
+
+Duncombe, T., 40
+
+Dundas, R., 45
+
+Dunraven, Earl of, 16
+
+Durham, Sir P., 37
+
+
+Eaton, Major-General F., 17
+
+Eaton Place, 65
+
+Ebury Bridge, 84
+
+Ebury, Manor of, 3
+
+Ebury Square, 71
+
+Ebury Street, 70
+
+Eccleston Square, 81
+
+Eccleston Street, 69
+
+Edgeworth, Maria, 14
+
+Edgware Road, 89
+
+Egerton, Hon. Alan, 41
+
+Egremont, Earl of, 50
+
+Eia, Estate of, 3
+
+Elgin Avenue, 123
+
+Elgin, Earl of, 52
+
+Eliot, George, 25
+
+Elizabeth Street, 69
+
+Ellenborough, Earl of, 40, 68
+
+Elliotson, Dr., 27
+
+Ellis, Welbore, 20
+
+Ely, Bishops of, 33
+
+Empress Club, 33
+
+Erskine, Lord, 17
+
+Esher, Viscount, 39
+
+Evelyn, 34
+
+Exeter, Marquis of, 39
+
+
+Falkland, Viscount, 67
+
+Farm Street, 38
+
+Farquhar, Sir W., 27
+
+Farrer, Sir William, 16
+
+Ferrers, Earl, 43
+
+Finch, Lady Isabella, 85
+
+Fitzgerald, Lady M., 40
+
+Fitzherbert, Mrs., 12, 32, 89
+
+Fitzwilliam, Earl, 64
+
+Ford, Richard, 14
+
+Forester, Lord, 43
+
+Fox, C. J., 27, 32, 35, 43
+
+Free Library, 15, 74
+
+French Embassy, 58
+
+
+Galloway, Dowager Countess, 17
+
+Galt, John, 44
+
+Galton, Sir Douglas, 66
+
+Gainsborough, Countess of, 29
+
+Gardener, Sir Robert, 65
+
+Gascoyne, B., 39
+
+George Street, 24
+
+Gifford, W., 49
+
+Gilbert Street, 18
+
+Glasgow Terrace, 85
+
+Gloucester, Duke of, 52
+
+Gloucester House, 52
+
+Gloucester Street, 83
+
+Glover, Richard, 32
+
+Goderich, Lord, 45
+
+Goldsmid, Sir Julian, 51
+
+Gordon, Lord George, 16
+
+Gore, Mrs., 65
+
+Grafton, Duke of, 41, 59
+
+Grafton, Dukes of, 43
+
+Grafton Galleries, 32
+
+Grafton Street, 32
+
+Graham, Henry, 58
+
+Graham, James, 60
+
+Granby, Marquis of, 32, 37
+
+Grand Junction Canal, 116
+
+Grant, Sir W. K., 64
+
+Granville, Lord, 13, 37
+
+Great Stanhope Street, 39
+
+Green Park Club, 32
+
+Green Street, 16
+
+Grenville, G., 10, 16, 43
+
+Grenville, Lady, 40
+
+Grenville, Lord, 53
+
+Grenville, Thomas, 53
+
+Greville House, 109
+
+Grey, Earl, 36, 45
+
+Grey, Sir G., 65
+
+Grosvenor Club, 28, 74
+
+Grosvenor Crescent Club, 62
+
+Grosvenor Gallery, 28
+
+Grosvenor House, 16
+
+Grosvenor Place, 58, 66, 69
+
+Grosvenor property, 4
+
+Grosvenor Road, 85
+
+Grosvenor Square, 12
+
+Grosvenor Street, 19
+
+Grote, George, 74
+
+Guilford, Lady, 50
+
+Gull, Sir W., 20
+
+Gunning, Miss, 29
+
+Gurwood, Colonel, 64
+
+Gwynne, Nell, 75
+
+
+Half-moon Street, 44
+
+Halford, Sir H., 42
+
+Halkin Street, 64
+
+Hall, Sir Charles, 17
+
+Hallam, Henry, 62
+
+Hambledon, Viscountess, 61
+
+Hamilton, Duke of, 40, 42
+
+Hamilton, Lady, 29, 43, 109
+
+Hamilton, Lord A., 43
+
+Hamilton, Sir Ian, 41
+
+Hamilton Place, 53
+
+Hamilton, "Single Speech," 16, 23
+
+Hamilton, Sir W., 25, 52
+
+Hampden House, 16
+
+Handel, 20
+
+Hanoverian Embassy, 60
+
+Hanover Square, 20
+
+Hardinge, Viscount, 39
+
+Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor, 12
+
+Harewood House, 21
+
+Harewood Place, 24
+
+Harrowby, Earl of, 13
+
+Hastings, Warren, 12
+
+Hawke, Sir E., 26
+
+Hayes Street, 39
+
+Hay Hill, 34
+
+Hazlitt, W., 44, 46
+
+Heath, Mr., 25
+
+Hereford Gardens, 10
+
+Herschell, Lord, 70
+
+Hertford, Countess of, 19
+
+Hertford, Marquis of, 11, 36, 51, 68
+
+Hertford Street, 45
+
+Hewitt, Sir P., 56
+
+Heywood, Mr., 65
+
+Hill, Lord, 61
+
+Hill Street, 37
+
+Hindlip, Lord, 38
+
+History of Paddington, 90
+
+Hobart Place, 66
+
+Hobhouse, Lord, 37
+
+Hogarth, 99
+
+Hogarth Club, 33
+
+Holcroft, 15
+
+Holland, Lord, 38
+
+Holland, Sir H., 17, 20
+
+Home, Earl of, 53
+
+Home, Mr., 15
+
+Hope House, 52
+
+Hothfield, Lord, 41
+
+Howard, Mrs., 36
+
+Howe, Admiral Earl, 32, 42
+
+Humphery, Sir W., 37
+
+Hunlocke, Sir H., 51
+
+Hunter, John, 56
+
+Huskisson, W., 19
+
+Hyde, Manor of, 3
+
+Hyde Park, 4
+
+Hyde Park Club, 52
+
+Hyde Park Corner, 55
+
+Hyde Park Gardens, 95
+
+
+Isthmian Club, 51
+
+Iveagh, Lord, 59
+
+
+Jameson, Mrs., 37
+
+Jenner, Sir W., 20, 45
+
+Jenyns, Soame, 39
+
+Jersey, Earl of, 36
+
+John of Gaunt, 81
+
+Johnson, Dr., 20, 28
+
+John Street, 40
+
+Jones, Richard, 64
+
+Jones, Sir W., 15
+
+Jonson, Ben, 117
+
+Jordan, Mrs., 22
+
+Junior Athenæum, 52
+
+Junior Conservative Club, 31
+
+Junior Constitutional Club, 51
+
+Junior Naval and Military Club, 51
+
+
+Kean, Edmund, 43
+
+Kelvin, Lord, 65
+
+Kendal, Duchess of, 12
+
+Kensal Green, 105
+
+Kensington, Lord, 42
+
+Kent, Duchess of, 61
+
+Kilburn Orphanage, 123
+
+Kilmorey, Earl of, 39
+
+Kingston, Duke of, 25, 29
+
+Kinnerton Street, 63
+
+Knightsbridge, 55
+
+Knutsford, Viscount, 67
+
+Kossuth, 65
+
+
+Labouchere, Mr., 53
+
+Lake, Lord, 20
+
+Lambton, Hon. Hedworth, 32
+
+Lamington, Lord, 62
+
+Langdale, Lord, 45
+
+Lansdowne House, 35
+
+Lansdowne, Lord, 23
+
+Lansdowne, Marquis of, 109
+
+Lawrence, General, 37
+
+Lawrence, Sir T., 29, 53
+
+Leconfield, Lord, 41
+
+Leeds, Duke of, 62
+
+Leicester, Sir J. F., 37
+
+Leigh, Sir E. C., 17
+
+Limmer's Hotel, 25
+
+Liston, 57
+
+Literary Club, 33
+
+Liverpool, Earl of, 45
+
+Lock Hospital, 59, 104
+
+Londesborough, Lord, 36, 37
+
+Londonderry House, 11
+
+Longford, Countess of, 37
+
+Long's Hotel, 28
+
+Louis XVIII., 16, 31
+
+Lower Eaton Street, 70
+
+Lowndes Street, 64
+
+Lowther, James, 62
+
+Lowther, Right Hon. J., 19
+
+Lucan, Earl of, 53
+
+Lupus Street, 85
+
+Lushington, Dr., 65
+
+Lyall Street, 65
+
+Lyndhurst, Lord, 26
+
+Lynedoch, Lord, 49
+
+Lyttelton, Lord, 37
+
+Lytton, 12, 45
+
+Lytton, Sir G. B., 40
+
+
+Macartney, Lord, 42
+
+Macaulay, 43
+
+Macclesfield, Countess of, 29
+
+Macdonald, Sir G., 37
+
+Macdonald, Sir J., 63
+
+Mackay, Sir J. L., 41
+
+Mackintosh, Sir J., 32
+
+Mackintosh, The, 38
+
+Maddox Street, 26
+
+Maitland, Sir P., 65
+
+Malcolm, Sir J., 23
+
+Malet, Sir E., 67
+
+Mallet, David, 15, 26
+
+Malmesbury, Earl of, 38
+
+Manchester, Duke of, 39
+
+Mansfield, Earl of, 39
+
+Mantell, G. A., 68
+
+March, Earl of, 61
+
+Market Street, 95
+
+Markham, Archbishop, 15
+
+Marriages, 25
+
+Maxwell, Sir W. S., 14
+
+May Fair, The, 1, 44
+
+Melbourne, Lord, 38, 43
+
+Mendip, Lord, 20
+
+Merriman, Dr., 40, 44
+
+Methuen, Sir Paul, 19
+
+Mexborough, Earl of, 34
+
+Mexborough, Earls of, 51
+
+Miles, W., 54
+
+Mill Street, 26
+
+Mitford, W., 43
+
+Molesworth, Sir W., 65
+
+Monkbretton, Lord, 12
+
+Montagu, Lady M. Wortley, 15, 26
+
+Montagu, Lord, 53
+
+Montagu, Mrs., 37
+
+Montes, Lola, 44
+
+Montgomery, Lord, 53
+
+Montrose, Duchess of, 61
+
+Morley, Arnold, 49
+
+Mornington, Earl of, 45
+
+Mortimer House, 64
+
+Moss, Rev. Charles, 25
+
+Motcomb Street, 63
+
+Mount Edgcumbe, Earl of, 71
+
+Mount Street, 17
+
+Munro, Hon. B. J., 54
+
+Munro, W., 53
+
+Munster, Earl of, 65
+
+Murchison, Sir Roderick, 61
+
+Murray, General Sir G., 61
+
+
+Nash, John, 34
+
+Naval and Military Club, 50
+
+Neat House Gardens, 81
+
+Neat houses, 86
+
+Nelson, Lord, 29
+
+New County Club, 23
+
+New Travellers' Club, 50
+
+Neyte, Manor of, 3, 81
+
+Nicholson, Sir W. G., 46
+
+Nightingale, Florence, 38
+
+Nollekens, 99, 107, 109
+
+Norfolk Street, 16
+
+Northbrook, Earl of, 53
+
+North, Lord, 13, 19
+
+Northumberland, Duke of, 59
+
+Northumberland, Dowager Duchess of, 17
+
+Norton, Hon. Mrs., 43
+
+
+O'Brien, Nelly, 14
+
+O'Connell, D., 43
+
+Omnium, Jacob, 68
+
+O'Neil, Miss, 43
+
+Orford, Earl of, 37
+
+Oriental Club, 22
+
+Orkney, Lord, 32
+
+Orme Square, 101
+
+Ormonde, Marquis of, 16
+
+Osborn, Sir G., 40
+
+Osborne, Admiral, 40
+
+Osnaburgh Row, 59
+
+Owen, William, 87
+
+Oxford, Earl of, 34
+
+Oxford Street, 9
+
+Oxford Terrace, 95
+
+
+Paddington, 87
+
+Paddington Station, 118
+
+Palmerston, Lady, 12
+
+Palmerston, Lord, 23, 39, 50, 53
+
+Paoli, General, 15, 29
+
+Parish, H., 65
+
+Park Lane, 10
+
+Park Street, 14
+
+Parr, Dr., 20, 57
+
+Partington, O., 33
+
+Peabody, G., 67
+
+Peel, Sir Robert, 17, 39
+
+Pembroke, Countess of, 13
+
+Penn, Granville, 45
+
+Pennington, Rev. G., 76
+
+Penrhyn, Lord, 64
+
+Pepys, Sir Lucas, 16
+
+Perceval, Sir Spencer, 16
+
+Percy, Earl, 42
+
+Perry, Sir E., 65
+
+Peterborough, Earl of, 43
+
+Petersburgh Place, 101
+
+Pettigrew, Dr., 66
+
+Phillips, Ambrose, 15, 23
+
+Phillips, Sir T., 26
+
+Piccadilly, 46
+
+Picton, Sir T., 29
+
+Pillars of Hercules, 54
+
+Pimlico Road, 74
+
+Pinkerton, Mr., 70
+
+Pioneer Club, 37
+
+Pitt, William, 37
+
+Pope, 34, 45
+
+Pope, Mrs., 44
+
+Portmore, Lord, 32
+
+Portuguese Embassy, 16
+
+Pott, P., 23
+
+Poulet, Lord, 32
+
+Powis, Earl of, 36
+
+Pretender, the Young, 43
+
+Priestley, 35
+
+
+Queensberry, Duke of, 53
+
+Queen's Meadhouse, 51
+
+Queen's Road, 101
+
+Queen Street, 40
+
+
+Radcliffe, Delmé, 27
+
+Radcliffe, Mrs., 74
+
+Raffles, Sir T. S., 13
+
+Raglan, Lord, 39
+
+Raikes, Thomas, 13
+
+Ranelagh Grove, 76
+
+Ranelagh Terrace, 76
+
+Reay, Lord, 39
+
+Reid, Sir James, 19
+
+Reid, Sir R. T., 67
+
+Revelstoke, Lord, 38
+
+Reynolds, Miss, 63
+
+Richmond, Duke of, 61
+
+Rigby, Francis Hale, 17
+
+Rockingham, Lord, 12
+
+Roden, Countess of, 38
+
+Rodney, Admiral, 23
+
+Rodwell, G. H., 70
+
+Romilly, Lord, 40
+
+Rothes, Countess of, 16
+
+Rothschild, Alfred, 41
+
+Rothschild, Leopold, 53
+
+Rothschild, Lord, 54
+
+Rothschild, Miss Alice, 54
+
+Rothschild, N. M., 52
+
+Rothschild, Sir Anthony, 59
+
+Rowton, Lord, 36
+
+Royal Academy of Music, 24
+
+Royal Asiatic Society, 31
+
+Royal Association for Deaf and Dumb, 10
+
+Royal Institute of British Architects, 27
+
+Royal Institution, 30
+
+Royal Medical Society, 22
+
+Royal Mews, 72
+
+Royal Oak Station, 102
+
+Royal Orthopædic Hospital, 10
+
+Royal Thames Yacht Club, 31
+
+Ruggles-Brise, Sir E., 38
+
+Russell, Lord John, 15, 62, 64
+
+Russell, Lord William, 16
+
+Russia, Emperor of, 51
+
+Russian Embassy, 33, 64
+
+Rutland, Duke of, 32
+
+Ryland, W., 74
+
+
+St. Albans, Duchess of, 49
+
+St. Albans, Duke of, 29
+
+St. Andrews, Bishop of, 67
+
+St. George's Burial-ground, 94
+
+St. George's Hospital, 56
+
+St. George's Parish, 2
+
+St. George's Place, 56
+
+St. George's Road, 83
+
+St. George's Row, 84
+
+St. George's Square, 85
+
+St. George's Union, 79
+
+St. James's Club, 52
+
+St. John, Viscount, 32
+
+St. Mary's Hospital, 117
+
+St. Mary's Terrace, 116
+
+St. Peter's Institute, 73
+
+St. Vincent, Earl, 19, 43
+
+St. Vincent's Home, 105
+
+Sandhurst, Lord, 67
+
+Sandwich, Earl of, 82
+
+Sandwich, fourth Earl of, 45
+
+Savile Club, 52
+
+Savory, Sir B., 20
+
+Scarborough, Earl of, 12
+
+Scott, J. H., 40
+
+Scott, Sir Walter, 28, 52
+
+Seamore Place, 41
+
+Sefton, Earl of, 61
+
+Selborne, Earl of, 17
+
+Selwyn, George, 28
+
+Sesame Club, 33
+
+Shackleton, John, 36
+
+Shaftesbury, Earl of, 13, 61, 102
+
+Shakespeare, 117
+
+Shannon, Earl of, 54
+
+Sharp, Richard, 12
+
+Shaw, Sir Frederick, 66
+
+Shelburne, Lord, 26
+
+Shelley, 39, 44
+
+Shepherd's Market, 44
+
+Sheridan, 26, 37, 40, 45
+
+Shire Horse Society, 21
+
+Shirley, S., 42
+
+Sibthorpe, Colonel, 66, 68
+
+Siddons, Mrs., 99, 106, 108, 109
+
+Skelton, W., 70
+
+Sligo, Marchioness of, 32
+
+Smirke, Sidney, 36
+
+Smith, Sydney, 16, 20, 40
+
+Soltykoff, Prince, 42
+
+Somerset, Duke of, 12
+
+Sondes, Earl, 12
+
+Sotheby, W., 19
+
+Southampton, Lord, 39, 53
+
+South Audley Street, 14
+
+South Molton Street, 20
+
+South Street, 13, 38
+
+Southwick Crescent, 95
+
+Spanish Embassy, 70
+
+Stafford, Viscount, 73
+
+Stair, Lord, 26
+
+Stanhope, Countess, 43
+
+Stanhope, Earl, 59
+
+Stapleton, Hon. Thomas, 63
+
+Stephen, E. B., 74
+
+Sterne, Laurence, 29, 94
+
+Stonehewer, R., 42
+
+Stowell, Lord, 32
+
+Strange, Lord, 41
+
+Stratford de Redclyffe, Lord, 13
+
+Stratheden, Lord, 37
+
+Strathnairn, Lord, 36
+
+Stratton Street, 49
+
+Stromboli House, 75
+
+Suffolk, Countess of, 14
+
+Sullivan, John, 53
+
+Sussex, Duke of, 25
+
+Sutherland, Duke of, 53
+
+Swift, 28
+
+Sydenham, Lord, 15
+
+
+Talleyrand, Prince, 20
+
+Tattersall's, 61
+
+Templemore, Lord, 17
+
+Tenterden Street, 24
+
+Thomson, James, 29
+
+Thrale, Henry, 12
+
+Tierney, George, 33, 45
+
+Tierney, Sir M., 37
+
+Tilney Street, 39
+
+Titchborne Road, 95
+
+Trevelyan, Sir G., 62
+
+Trinity Chapel, 57
+
+Troubridge, Sir T., 20, 65
+
+Truro, Chancellor, 67
+
+Turf Club, 43
+
+Tweeddale, Marquis, 37
+
+Tyburn, The, 19, 88
+
+
+Upper Brook Street, 16
+
+Upper Eaton Street, 70
+
+Upper Grosvenor Street, 12, 16
+
+
+Van Butchell, Martin, 17
+
+Vandergucht, B., 20
+
+Vandergucht, Gerald, 20
+
+Vane, Lady, 37
+
+Vane, Miss, 19
+
+Vauxhall Bridge Road, 82
+
+Vesey, Mrs., 43
+
+Vestris, Madame, 42
+
+Victoria Bridge, 77
+
+Victoria Square, 71
+
+Victoria Station, 80
+
+Vivares, 109
+
+
+Waldegrave, Lady, 36
+
+Wallace, Sir R., 51
+
+Walpole, Horace, 36, 37, 42
+
+Walpole, Sir R., 58
+
+Walsingham, Lord, 67
+
+Warburton, Bishop, 12
+
+Warner, Captain, 76
+
+Warwick Crescent, 120
+
+Warwick Square, 83
+
+Warwick Street, 82
+
+Watier's Club, 50
+
+Waverton Street, 39
+
+Weekes, H., 74
+
+Welby, Sir C. G., 38
+
+Welby, Lord, 49
+
+Wellesley, Lord C., 65
+
+Wellesley, Marquis, 12, 54
+
+Wellington Club, 59
+
+Wellington, Duke of, 53, 54
+
+Westbourne, 91, 94
+
+Westbourne Green, 102
+
+Westbourne Place, 103
+
+Westbourne, the, 88
+
+Westbury, Lord, 38
+
+Westmacott, Mr., 63
+
+Westmacott, Sir R., 15
+
+Westminster, Duke of, 16
+
+Westmoreland Street, 85
+
+Wharncliffe House, 42
+
+Wharton, Duke of, 27
+
+Wharton, Marquis of, 34
+
+Whitbread, S., 19, 34
+
+Whitehead, W., 15
+
+White Horse Cellar, 47
+
+White Horse Street, 44
+
+White, Lydia, 14
+
+Wightman, Justice, 65
+
+Wilberforce, 27
+
+Wilbraham, Roger, 49
+
+Wilkes, John, 13, 15
+
+Willes, Justice, 67
+
+Williams, Sir J., 20
+
+Willoughby, Lord, 49
+
+Wilson, Sir T. R., 38
+
+Wilton, Dowager Countess, 17
+
+Wilton Crescent, 62
+
+Wilton Place, 62
+
+Wilton Road, 82
+
+Wilton Street, 66
+
+Windsor, Lord, 17
+
+Wombwell, Sir G., 26, 62
+
+Wood, Sir Charles, 64
+
+Wood, Sir Matthew, 16
+
+Woodstock Street, 20
+
+Worcester, Bishop of, 60
+
+Wordsworth Ladies College, 122
+
+Wraxall, Sir N., 43
+
+Wyndham, Sir W., 34
+
+
+Yates, Richard, 74
+
+York, Duke of, 14
+
+
+Zoffany, 32
+
+Zoological Society, 21
+
+
+THE END
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+BILLING AND SONS, LTD., PRINTERS, GUILDFORD
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note:
+
+The following errors in the original index have been corrected.
+
+   Radcliffe, Mrs., 74 was Redcliffe, Mrs., and appeared between
+   Reay and Reid.
+
+   Savile Club, 52 was Savill Club, 52
+
+   Stratford de Redclyffe, Lord, 13 was Stratford de Redcliffe,
+   Lord, 13
+
+   Stratheden, Lord, 37 was Strathden, Lord, 37
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER***
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+******* This file should be named 21218-8.txt or 21218-8.zip *******
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+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" />
+<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Mayfair, Belgravia, and Bayswater, by Geraldine Edith Mitton</title>
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+<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, Mayfair, Belgravia, and Bayswater, by
+Geraldine Edith Mitton, Edited by Sir Walter Besant</h1>
+<pre>
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at <a href = "http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></pre>
+<p>Title: Mayfair, Belgravia, and Bayswater</p>
+<p>       The Fascination of London</p>
+<p>Author: Geraldine Edith Mitton</p>
+<p>Editor: Sir Walter Besant</p>
+<p>Release Date: April 26, 2007  [eBook #21218]</p>
+<p>Language: English</p>
+<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p>
+<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER***</p>
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<h3>E-text prepared by Susan Skinner<br />
+    and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br />
+    (http://www.pgdp.net)</h3>
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<div class="figleft" style="width: 84px;">
+<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="84" height="600" alt="Spine" title="" />
+</div>
+<div class="figright" style="width: 422px;">
+<img src="images/image_001.jpg" width="422" height="600" alt="Front Cover" title="" />
+</div></div>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+
+<h1><i>THE FASCINATION<br />
+OF LONDON</i><br />
+<br />
+MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND<br />
+BAYSWATER</h1>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h3><i>IN THIS SERIES.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='center'>Cloth, price 1s. 6d. net; leather, price 2s. net each.</p>
+
+<p class='center'><b>THE STRAND DISTRICT.</b></p>
+
+<p class='center'>By <span class="smcap">Sir Walter Besant</span> and <span class="smcap">G. E. Mitton</span>.</p>
+
+<p class='center'><b>WESTMINSTER.</b></p>
+
+<p class='center'>By <span class="smcap">Sir Walter Besant</span> and <span class="smcap">G. E. Mitton</span>.</p>
+
+<p class='center'><b>HAMPSTEAD AND MARYLEBONE.</b></p>
+
+<p class='center'>By <span class="smcap">G. E. Mitton</span>. Edited by <span class="smcap">Sir Walter Besant</span>.</p>
+
+<p class='center'><b>CHELSEA.</b></p>
+
+<p class='center'>By <span class="smcap">G. E. Mitton</span>. Edited by <span class="smcap">Sir Walter Besant</span>.</p>
+
+<p class='center'><b>KENSINGTON.</b></p>
+
+<p class='center'>By <span class="smcap">G. E. Mitton</span>. Edited by <span class="smcap">Sir Walter Besant</span>.</p>
+
+<p class='center'><b>HOLBORN AND BLOOMSBURY.</b></p>
+
+<p class='center'>By <span class="smcap">Sir Walter Besant</span> and <span class="smcap">G. E. Mitton</span>.</p>
+
+<p class='center'><b>HAMMERSMITH, FULHAM, AND PUTNEY.</b></p>
+
+<p class='center'>By <span class="smcap">G. E. Mitton</span> and <span class="smcap">J. C. Geikie</span>.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 800px;">
+<img src="images/image_003.jpg" width="800" height="526" alt="HYDE PARK CORNER" title="" />
+<span class="caption">HYDE PARK CORNER</span>
+</div>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 384px;">
+<img src="images/image_004.jpg" width="384" height="600" alt="The Fascination of London
+MAYFAIR,
+BELGRAVIA AND
+BAYSWATER
+
+BY
+G. E. MITTON
+AND OTHERS
+
+EDITED BY
+SIR WALTER BESANT" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h2>The Fascination of London</h2>
+
+
+<h1>MAYFAIR,<br />
+BELGRAVIA AND<br />
+BAYSWATER</h1>
+
+<p class='center'>BY<br />
+<span style="font-size: x-large;">G. E. MITTON<br />
+AND OTHERS</span></p>
+
+<p class='center'>EDITED BY<br />
+<span style="font-size: x-large;">SIR WALTER BESANT</span></p>
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+
+<p class='center'>LONDON<br />
+ADAM &amp; CHARLES BLACK<br />
+1903</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[Pg&nbsp;vii]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PREFATORY_NOTE" id="PREFATORY_NOTE"></a>PREFATORY NOTE</h2>
+
+
+<p>A survey of London, a record of the greatest of all cities, that should
+preserve her history, her historical and literary associations, her
+mighty buildings, past and present, a book that should comprise all that
+Londoners love, all that they ought to know of their heritage from the
+past&mdash;this was the work on which Sir Walter Besant was engaged when he
+died.</p>
+
+<p>As he himself said of it: "This work fascinates me more than anything
+else I've ever done. Nothing at all like it has ever been attempted
+before. I've been walking about London for the last thirty years, and I
+find something fresh in it every day."</p>
+
+<p>Sir Walter's idea was that two of the volumes of his survey should
+contain a regular and systematic perambulation of London by different
+persons, so that the history of each parish should be complete in
+itself. This was a very original feature in the great scheme, and one in
+which he took the keenest interest. Enough has been done of this section
+to warrant its issue in the form originally intended, but in the
+meantime it<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[Pg&nbsp;viii]</a></span> is proposed to select some of the most interesting of the
+districts and publish them as a series of booklets, attractive alike to
+the local inhabitant and the student of London, because much of the
+interest and the history of London lie in these street associations.</p>
+
+<p>The difficulty of finding a general title for the series was very great,
+for the title desired was one that would express concisely the undying
+charm of London&mdash;that is to say, the continuity of her past history with
+the present times. In streets and stones, in names and palaces, her
+history is written for those who can read it, and the object of the
+series is to bring forward these associations, and to make them plain.
+The solution of the difficulty was found in the words of the man who
+loved London and planned the great scheme. The work "fascinated" him,
+and it was because of these associations that it did so. These links
+between past and present in themselves largely constitute The
+Fascination of London.</p>
+
+<p style="text-align: right;">
+G. E. M.<br />
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>Some attempt has been made in this volume to indicate the quality
+of the district described by inserting one or two names of present
+occupiers; but these names are only representative, and must not be
+considered as constituting in any sense exhaustive lists.</p></div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg&nbsp;1]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="MAYFAIR_BELGRAVIA_AND_BAYSWATER" id="MAYFAIR_BELGRAVIA_AND_BAYSWATER"></a>MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER</h2>
+
+
+<p>Mayfair is at the present time the most fashionable part of London, so
+much so that the name has come to be a synonym for wealth or pride of
+birth. Yet it was not always so, as he who runs may read, for the
+derivation is simple enough, and differs from most cases in that the
+obvious meaning is the right one. In James II.'s reign a permission was
+given for a fair to be held on the north side of Piccadilly, to begin on
+the first day of May, and to last for fifteen days. This fair, we are
+told, was "not for trade and merchandise, but for musick, showes,
+drinking, gaming, raffling, lotteries, stageplays and drolls." It was
+immensely popular, and was frequented by "all the nobility of the town,"
+wherein, perhaps, we see the germs of the Mayfair we know. It must be
+remembered that Grosvenor and Berkeley Squares, with their diverging
+streets, were not then begun, and that all this land now covered by a
+network of houses lay in fields on the outskirts of London,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg&nbsp;2]</a></span> while Hyde
+Park Corner was still the end of the world so far as Londoners were
+concerned. It was about the end of the seventeenth century that the
+above-mentioned squares were built, and at once became fashionable, and
+as the May fair continued to flourish until 1708, it must have seen the
+growth of the district to which it was to give its name. Though
+suppressed, doubtless on account of disorders, it revived again, with
+booths for jugglers, prize-fighting contests, boxing matches, and the
+baiting of bears and bulls, and was not finally abolished until the end
+of the eighteenth century.</p>
+
+<p>But Mayfair is not the only district to be noticed; we have also its
+rival&mdash;Belgravia&mdash;lying south of Hyde Park Corner, which is equally
+included in the electoral district of St. George's, Hanover Square. This
+electoral district takes in the three most fashionable churches in the
+Metropolis, including the mother church, St. Paul's, Wilton Place, and
+St. Peter's, Eaton Square, besides many others, whose marriage registers
+cannot compete either in quantity or quality of names with these three.
+The district can also show streets as poor as some are rich; it includes
+not only Park Lane and Piccadilly, but also Pimlico and the dreary part
+to the south of Buckingham Palace Road. It is a long, narrow district,
+stretching from the river to Oxford Street. As a parish, St. George's
+was separated from St. Martin's in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg&nbsp;3]</a></span> 1724, and it is now included in the
+city of Westminster, with which it has been associated from its earliest
+history. In the charter given by King Edgar to the monks at Westminster,
+their possessions were defined as reaching to the highroad we now call
+Oxford Street on the north, and to Tyburn Lane, or Park Lane, on the
+west. But of this the parishes of St. Margaret and St. John at
+Westminster were the City, and the rest lay in the "Liberties."</p>
+
+<p>The larger portion of the district is included in the ancient estate of
+Eia, 890 acres in extent, reaching from the Bayswater Road to the
+Thames, which was given by William the Conqueror to Geoffrey de
+Mandeville, who at his death bequeathed it to the Abbey of Westminster.
+In Domesday Book it is divided into three manors of Hyde, Ebury, and
+Neyte. Of these the first occupies the site of Hyde Park; Ebury, from
+Knightsbridge to Buckingham Palace Road; Neyte, nearer the river, was
+the favourite residence of the Abbots. Here John of Gaunt lived, and
+here, in 1448, John, son of Richard, Duke of York, was born. The monks
+remained in possession until dispossessed by Henry VIII. in 1536. Hyde
+then became a royal hunting-ground. Neyte, or Neat, and Ebury remained
+as farms, which in 1676 came into the possession of the Grosvenor family
+by the marriage of Mary, daughter and heiress of Alexander Davies of
+Ebury, with Sir<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg&nbsp;4]</a></span> Thomas Grosvenor, Bart. With her came also the
+Grosvenor Square property, extending from Oxford Street to Berkeley
+Square and Dorchester House, and from Park Lane to South Molton Lane and
+Avery Row. Other large landholders in the district are the Crown&mdash;Hyde
+Park, and Buckingham Palace; Lord Fitzhardinge, the Berkeley estate; the
+City of London, New Bond Street and parts of Conduit Street and Brook
+Street; Earl Howe, Curzon Street; Sir Richard Sutton, Piccadilly; the
+Dean and Chapter of Westminster, Knightsbridge; and the Lowndes family,
+Lowndes Street and Chesham Place.</p>
+
+<p>More than a quarter of the district is covered by Hyde Park, 394 acres
+in extent. Long before its acquisition by the Crown in 1536 it had been
+a favourite royal hunting-ground, and it so continued until Charles I.'s
+accession, when it was opened to the public. During this reign, and
+until 1736, the world of fashion centred round the Ring, a circular
+drive planted with trees, some of which are still carefully preserved on
+the high ground near the Ranger's house, though all trace of the roadway
+has long been obliterated. The Park was sold by auction during the
+Commonwealth, but resumed by the Crown at the Restoration, and in 1670
+was enclosed with a brick wall and restocked with deer, who have left
+their traces in the name of Buck Hill Walk and Gate, close to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg&nbsp;5]</a></span> the east
+bank of the Serpentine. This prettily-laid-out area, formerly known as
+Buckden Hill or the Deer Paddock, is now tenanted only by peacocks,
+ducks and rabbits.</p>
+
+<p>The Serpentine, a noble stretch of water of 50 acres, has already been
+described in "Kensington."</p>
+
+<p>Hyde Park has always been noted for its springs. In 1725 the Chelsea
+Waterworks Company obtained a license to supply the surrounding
+districts, and built a reservoir and engine-house near Grosvenor Gate,
+which existed until 1835, when, on the recall of the license, the
+engine-house was demolished and the basin laid out with flower-beds and
+a fountain. The present reservoir stands in the centre of the Park,
+while opposite Stanhope Place on the north side is a Gothic drinking
+fountain, the gift of the Maharajah of Vizianagram. The oldest of the
+present roads in Hyde Park is Rotten Row, made by William III.; it is
+now reserved for riding only, while under the trees on either side rank
+and fashion have lounged and gossiped since the days of the Ring. The
+popular derivation of the name is from Route du Roi, since it was known
+first as the King's or Lamp Road; but possibly it has its origin in the
+soft soil of which the ride since 1734 has been composed. The south
+road, now the fashionable drive, was made by George II. about 1732, as a
+short way to Kensington Park. The road from<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg&nbsp;6]</a></span> Alexandra Gate to Victoria
+Gate crosses the Serpentine by a stone bridge built by Rennie in 1826,
+and is the only one open to hired vehicles, which were first forbidden
+the use of the Park in 1695. From the Serpentine a soft ride runs
+parallel to the roadway as far as the Marble Arch; from this point Hyde
+Park Corner is reached by a broad drive bordered with flower-beds and
+trees, which replace the famous double avenue of walnuts cut down in
+1811. It is much patronized by society, who congregate opposite Hyde
+Park Corner, near the Achilles statue, by Sir R. Westmacott, R.A., cast
+from captured French cannon, and erected at a cost of &pound;10,000 by the
+women of England in 1820, "in honour of the Duke of Wellington and his
+brave companions in arms." It is copied from a Roman antique, but the
+name is a misnomer. The road along the north side of the Serpentine is
+now thronged every day with bicyclists, to whom the Park has been lately
+thrown open. Here also are held the annual meets of the Four-in-Hand and
+Coaching Club during the season. This road was widened in 1852. Of past
+and present buildings in Hyde Park the following may be noted: When the
+Serpentine was made, an old lodge was demolished which may have been the
+tavern known in the reign of James I. as the "Grave Maurice's Head," and
+which later became Price's Lodge. Up to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg&nbsp;7]</a></span> 1836, on the bank of the
+Serpentine stood an old house called the Cake House, and close to it was
+the old receiving house of the Royal Humane Society, which was replaced
+in 1834 by the present building, designed by Decimus Burton. Among the
+trees behind it is an old farmhouse (Hyde Park Lodge), the residence of
+Major-General Bateson, Deputy Ranger, adjoining which are the old
+barracks, now a police-station and guard-room, the head-gardener's
+house, built in 1877, and the old magazine. The new magazine stands
+close to the Serpentine Bridge, and contains over 1,000,000 rounds of
+ammunition. Near Grosvenor Gate stood the Duke of Gloucester's
+riding-house, built in 1724, which, after serving as the headquarters of
+the Westminster Volunteer Cavalry, was demolished in 1824. The old
+Ranger's Lodge at Hyde Park Corner was pulled down when Apsley House was
+built.</p>
+
+<p>The principal entrance to Hyde Park is at Hyde Park Corner, and consists
+of a triple archway combined with a fluted Ionic screen, by Decimus
+Burton, completed in 1828. The iron gates are by Bramah. Cumberland
+Gate, the next in importance, was opened in 1744, with wooden gates.
+Here in 1643 was posted a court of guard to watch the Oxford Road, where
+the Court was residing, and here also military executions took place.
+The Marble Arch, an imitation by Nash of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg&nbsp;8]</a></span> the Arch of Constantine at
+Rome, erected originally as an entrance to Buckingham Palace, was moved
+to this site in 1851. Albert Gate was made in 1841, on the site of the
+Cannon Brewery. The iron gates were set up in 1845, and the stone stags
+on either side were brought from the old Lodge in the Green Park.</p>
+
+<p>The remaining gates are Alexandra Gate and Prince of Wales's Gate,
+erected since 1851; Victoria Gate, Grosvenor Gate, made in 1724 by
+subscription of the neighbouring inhabitants; and Stanhope Gate, opened
+about 1760. There are also numerous entrances for foot passengers.</p>
+
+<p>The present Park railing was put up after the Reform Riots in 1866 to
+replace the one demolished by the mob, which had stood since 1825.</p>
+
+<p>In duelling days Hyde Park was a favourite battle-ground. Of many
+encounters the following may be recorded:</p>
+
+<p>1685. The Duke of Grafton and the Hon. John Talbot, the latter being
+killed.</p>
+
+<p>1712. The Duke of Hamilton and Lord Mohun, which took place near Price's
+Lodge. Both died on the ground, and Lord Mohun's second, General
+Macartney, was afterwards tried, on the accusation of Colonel Hamilton,
+for stabbing the Duke when on the ground; he was, however, acquitted.</p>
+
+<p>1763. John Wilkes was wounded by Mr. Samuel Martin, M.P.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg&nbsp;9]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>1770. Lord Thurlow and Mr. Andrew Stewart.</p>
+
+<p>1777. Charles James Fox and Mr. William Adam, M.P.</p>
+
+<p>1780. Colonel Fullarton, M.P., wounded the Earl of Shelburne.</p>
+
+<p>After 1803 the practice of duelling fell gradually into disuse.</p>
+
+<p>In troublous times military camps occupied the open ground, notably in
+1649 under Lord Essex, in 1665 during the Plague, and in 1715 and 1722
+to guard against Jacobite rebellion.</p>
+
+<p>Reviews have been held at intervals from 1569 until 1876, but are now of
+very rare occurrence.</p>
+
+<p>Hyde Park has also been the scene of some serious riots, notably those
+in 1821 on the occasion of the removal of Queen Caroline's body; in 1885
+against the Sunday Trading Bill; and in 1862 the Garibaldi disturbances.
+The most important riot, however, broke out in 1866, when the Reform
+Leaguers forcibly entered the Park by pulling down the railing. From the
+Reform League the Reformer's tree near the reservoir took its name;
+though the original one has been felled, the name is still applied to a
+neighbouring tree, and political demonstrations, which have been
+declared legal since 1866, are still held on the open space in the
+vicinity.</p>
+
+<p>Oxford Street, which forms the northern boundary of the district, has
+already been described<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg&nbsp;10]</a></span> in the book on "Marylebone," with which district
+it is closely identified. It is only necessary here to mention some of
+the notable houses on the south side which fall within our compass.</p>
+
+<p>The first is Camelford House (Lord Hillingdon), an unpretentious
+building in a courtyard, once the property of the Pitts, Earls of
+Camelford. George Grenville occupied it in 1805, and subsequently H.R.H.
+Princess Charlotte and her husband, afterwards Leopold I. of Belgium.
+Adjoining it is Hereford Gardens, a row of handsome private houses built
+in 1870 on the site of Hereford Street (1780).</p>
+
+<p>At the corner of Lumley Street (south side) is the Royal Association in
+Aid of the Deaf and Dumb. The building, erected in 1870 from designs by
+Sir A. Blomfield, of red brick, contains a reading-room, lecture-hall,
+and on the upper floor St. Saviour's Church, in early Pointed style.</p>
+
+<p>From Dering Street, on the south side of Oxford Street, the garden of
+Lord Carnarvon's house in Tenterden Street extended nearly to Harewood
+Place. On the site are a noticeable stone-fronted house, now a carriage
+warehouse, and the Royal Orthop&aelig;dic Hospital, founded 1838 and removed
+here from Bloomsbury Square in 1856.</p>
+
+<p>Park Lane, up to 1769 called Tyburn Lane, was in the reign of Queen Anne
+a desolate by-road, but is now a favourite place of residence for the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg&nbsp;11]</a></span>
+fashionable persons in the Metropolis. It is open to Hyde Park as far as
+Hamilton Place, whence it reaches Piccadilly by a narrow street. At its
+junction with the former stands an ornamental fountain by Thorneycroft,
+erected in 1875 at a cost of &pound;5,000, the property of a lady who died
+intestate and without heirs. At the base are the muses of Tragedy,
+Comedy, and History in bronze, above Chaucer, Shakespeare and Milton in
+marble, the whole being surmounted by a bronze statue of Fame. The
+principal mansions in Park Lane are: Brook House, at the north corner of
+Upper Brook Street, designed by T. H. Wyatt, and the residence of the
+Earl of Tweedmouth, and next to it Dudley House. Dorchester House
+(Captain Holford) was built by Vulliamy in 1852 on the site of the town
+house of the Damers, Earls of Dorchester. The building, which stands in
+its own grounds, is rectangular, and constructed of Portland stone in
+Italian Renaissance style. On the narrow front is a carriage portico.
+The reception rooms and marble staircase have few rivals in London; they
+contain two libraries and a collection of pictures by old and modern
+masters. Here died in 1842 the Marquis of Hertford. Londonderry House,
+No. 18 (Marquis of Londonderry), was built in 1850 by S. and J. Wyatt on
+the site of the residence of the D'Arcys, Earls of Holdernesse. It
+contains a fine gallery of pictures and sculpture.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg&nbsp;12]</a></span> Other inhabitants:
+the Duke of Somerset, in a house adjoining Camelford House, No. 35; Sir
+Moses Montefiore, d. 1885; Park Lane Chambers, Earl Sondes, Lord
+Monkbretton.</p>
+
+<p>At the corner of Upper Grosvenor Street (then No. 1, Grosvenor Gate)
+Benjamin Disraeli lived 1839-73. No. 24, Lord Brassey. No. 21, for many
+years the Marquis of Breadalbane, and afterwards Lady Palmerston, when
+left a widow in 1850; Earl of Scarborough. Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton at a
+house then numbered 1. In 23, Richard Sharp, 1822-24; Mrs. Fitzherbert,
+1785; Warren Hastings, 1790-97; Marquis Wellesley, 1796.</p>
+
+<p>Grosvenor Square and the surrounding streets have always been the centre
+of the aristocratic world; the Square, which includes about six acres,
+was built in 1695. The garden was laid out by Kent, and in the centre
+stood formerly an equestrian statue of George I., by Van Nost, placed
+there in 1726. On the site, in 1642, was erected a fort named Oliver's
+Mount, which stood as one of the defences against the Royalists until
+1647. Owing to the prejudices of the inhabitants, Grosvenor Square was
+not lit by gas until 1842.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: Duchess of Kendal, d. 1743; Earl of Chesterfield, 1733-50;
+Bishop Warburton, 1757; Lord Chancellor Hardwicke, 1758-64; Lord
+Rockingham, d. 1782; Henry Thrale,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg&nbsp;13]</a></span> d. 1781; Lord North, d. 1792; Thomas
+Raikes, 1832; Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles; 10, Lord Canning and Lord
+Granville, 1841; 22, William Beckford, 1800; 23, the Earl of Derby here
+married Miss Farren, actress, in 1797; his successors resided here until
+1832; Lord Stratford de Redclyffe, d. 1880; 24, the Earl of Shaftesbury;
+29, Sir John Beaumont; 30, John Wilkes, d. 1797; 39 (now 44), the Earl
+of Harrowby, 1820 (here the Cato Street conspirators proposed to murder
+the Ministry); 44, Countess of Pembroke. The houses have since been
+renumbered. To give a list of the present inhabitants of note would be
+impossible; it would be like copying a page out of the Red Book. Suffice
+to say there are living in the Square two Dukes, one Marquess, three
+Earls, six Barons, and five Baronets, beside many other persons of
+distinction.</p>
+
+<p>At the corner end of Park Street, and in South Street and Aldford
+Street, the old houses have been pulled down and have been replaced by
+large, red-brick, ornamented structures, such as have also been erected
+in Mount Street, Grosvenor Street, and North and South Audley Street.
+The spaces behind the houses are occupied by mews. Great improvements
+have also been effected since 1887 in the housing of the working
+classes, particularly in the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg&nbsp;14]</a></span> neighbourhood of Oxford Street, and in
+Bourdon Street and Mount Row, by the erection of blocks of industrial
+dwellings by the St. George's and Improved Industrial Dwellings
+Companies, under the auspices of the Duke of Westminster.</p>
+
+<p>In Park Street, formerly called Hyde Park Street, lived Miss Nelly
+O'Brien, 1768; 7, Sir William Stirling Maxwell, M.P.; 26, Sir Humphry
+Davy, 1825, till his death; 113, Miss Lydia White, d. 1827; 123, Richard
+Ford, author of "The Handbook for Spain." In North Audley Street,
+opposite Green Street, is St. Mark's Church, built from designs by J. P.
+Deering in 1825-28, and reconstructed in Romanesque style in 1878.
+Adjoining is the Vicarage, built in 1887, and at the back the St. Mark's
+Institute, containing a church-room, mission-room, gymnasium, and a
+working men's club. Attached to the institute are the parish schools,
+built soon after 1830, and enlarged and repaired in 1894.</p>
+
+<p>Near the church lived the Countess of Suffolk, mistress of George II.;
+at 1, Maria Edgeworth; 26, the Misses Berry.</p>
+
+<p>South Audley Street takes its name from Hugh Audley (d. 1662), the owner
+of some land in the neighbourhood. It has several interesting houses.
+No. 8, Alington House (Lord Alington), was, in 1826, Cambridge House,
+the residence of the Duke of York, and afterwards, until 1876,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg&nbsp;15]</a></span> belonged
+to the Curzons, Earls Howe. In 73, Bute House, lived, in 1769, the great
+Earl of Bute, and near him his friend Home, author of "Douglas."
+Chesterfield House, a large mansion standing in a courtyard at the
+corner of Curzon Street, was built by Ware in 1749 for the fourth Earl
+of Chesterfield, d. 1773, who wrote the "Letters" in the library. The
+portico and marble staircase, with bronze balustrade, were brought from
+Canons, the seat of the Duke of Chandos. In 1869 the house was sold to
+Mr. Magniac for &pound;175,000, and he built over the gardens. It is now the
+town house of Lord Burton.</p>
+
+<p>Opposite Aldford Street is Grosvenor Chapel, erected in 1730; an ugly
+building, with sittings for 1,200. It is now a chapel of ease to St.
+George's. Here were buried Lord Chesterfield, 1773; Ambrose Phillips,
+poet, 1749; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, 1762; David Mallet, poet, 1765;
+William Whitehead, poet, 1785; John Wilkes, 1797; Elizabeth Carter,
+1806. The churchyard at the back was, in 1889, converted into a public
+garden. Just outside the gate is the Public Free Library, erected in
+1894 under the Free Libraries Act.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: General Paoli; Holcroft, dramatist, 1761; Sir William
+Jones; Lord John Russell; Lord Sydenham, 1841; 8, Archbishop Markham, d.
+1807; 14, Sir R. Westmacott, sculptor,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg&nbsp;16]</a></span> d. 1856; 15, Baron Bunsen, 1841;
+72, Charles X., when in exile, and in 1816 the Duchesse d'Angoul&ecirc;me;
+Louis XVIII., in 1814, also lived in this street; 74, the Portuguese
+Embassy early in the eighteenth century; 77, Sir Matthew Wood; here
+Queen Caroline resided in 1820. In the enlargement of the street called
+Audley Square Spencer Perceval was born. North Row has no interest. In
+Green Street lived Sydney Smith, d. 1845; Lord Cochrane, d. 1814; 61 is
+Hampden House, residence of the Duke of Abercorn. At the corner of Park
+Street stood St. Mary's Church, pulled down in 1880.</p>
+
+<p>In Norfolk Street lived Lord William Russell, murdered by his valet in
+1840; at 27 the Earl of Dunraven, 1895. In Upper Brook Street lived Lord
+George Gordon, b. 1750, and George Grenville; 3, Sir Lucas Pepys and the
+Countess of Rothes; 18, Hon. Mrs. Damer, sculptor, d. 1828; 27, "Single
+Speech" Hamilton, d. 1796; 18, Sir William Farrer, F.R.G.S.; 32, Marquis
+of Ormonde.</p>
+
+<p>Upper Grosvenor Street contains Grosvenor House, the residence of the
+Duke of Westminster, a handsome building standing in a courtyard, with a
+garden at the back, skirting Park Lane as far as Mount Street. On its
+purchase in 1761 by the Duke of Gloucester, brother of George III., it
+was known as Gloucester House. The present<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg&nbsp;17]</a></span> screen and metal gates by
+Cundy were erected in 1842. The house contains a very fine collection of
+pictures.</p>
+
+<p>In this street lived: No. 2, Lord Erskine; 11, Mr. Francis Hale Rigby,
+1817; 16, the first Sir Robert Peel; 18, Lord Crewe, 1809.</p>
+
+<p>Among present inhabitants are:</p>
+
+<p>The Dowager Duchess of Northumberland; Dowager Countesses of Galloway
+and Wilton; Lord Templemore; Major-General Hon. H. F. Eaton; Prince
+Alexis Dolgorouki; Sir E. Chandos Leigh.</p>
+
+<p>Balfour Place has been lately rebuilt, and was so named in 1892 instead
+of Portugal Street.</p>
+
+<p>Mount Street (1740), called from the Fort of Oliver's Mount, was rebuilt
+with ornamental red-brick houses; it contains the Vestry Hall&mdash;now the
+Register Office for the district&mdash;built by Bolton in 1887, at a cost of
+&pound;15,200, on the site of the old workhouse, now removed to the Fulham
+Road.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: Lady Mary Coke, 1810; Martin Van Butchell, d. 1810; Sir
+Henry Holland, 1816; No. 102, Madame d'Arblay, 1832; 111, on the site of
+an old manor-house, was in 1891 occupied by a college of Jesuit priests;
+2, Sir Charles Hall, Q.C., M.P., d. 1900; 49, Earl of Selborne; 54, Lord
+Windsor; 105, Winston Churchill, M.P.; 113, Right Hon. Akers Douglas,
+M.P. In Carlos Place, so renamed in 1892 instead of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg&nbsp;18]</a></span> Charles Street
+(1727), lives: No. 1, Sir George Chetwynd, Bt., 1896. Its prolongation,
+Duke Street, rebuilt in 1889 in red brick, dates from about 1770, and
+was named probably after the Duke of Cumberland. In that year a lying-in
+hospital stood in the street; opposite a small square is the King's
+Weigh House Congregational Chapel, a large building erected in 1891.
+Blocks of artisans' dwellings occupy the small streets round about.</p>
+
+<p>In Gilbert Street are St George's, Hanover Square, District Schools,
+which replaced the old schools in South Molton Street. The building was
+erected in 1888 by Caroe on a site given by the Duke of Westminster, and
+cost &pound;5,000. These schools were incorporated in 1818 with General
+Stewart's schools in South Street.</p>
+
+<p>Davies Street is very narrow at its northern end, where it forms a
+prolongation of South Molton Lane, an old street known in 1708 as Shug
+Lane. It takes its name either from Miss Mary Davies, who is said to
+have lived in an old house still standing at the corner of Bourdon
+Street, or from Sir Thomas Davies, to whom Hugh Audley left his
+property. Here is the new church of St Anselm, built in Byzantine style,
+from designs by Balfour and Turner, at a cost of &pound;20,000, and opened in
+February, 1896, to replace Hanover Chapel, Regent Street. At No. 8 are
+the Westminster Public Baths and Washhouses.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg&nbsp;19]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>In Bourdon Street is St. Mary's Church, a chapel of ease to St.
+George's, built for &pound;12,000 by the Duke of Westminster in 1881 to
+replace St. Mary's Church in Park Street. The building, from designs by
+Blomfield, is in medieval style. Adjoining is St. George's Workmen's
+Dwellings Association.</p>
+
+<p>In Grosvenor Street (1726) lived: Countess of Hertford, 1740; Lord
+North, 1740; Sir Paul Methuen, 1740; Miss Vane, mistress of Frederick,
+Prince of Wales; Lord Crewe, 1784; Marquis Cornwallis, 1793-98; No. 13,
+William Sotheby; William Huskisson; at 16 was formerly the Royal
+Institution of British Architects; 17, Samuel Whitbread, 1800; 28, Sir
+Humphry Davy, 1818; 48, Earl St. Vincent, d. 1823; 72, Dr. Matthew
+Baillie, d. 1823; 6, Sir E. Ashmead Bartlett, M.P., d. 1902; 25, William
+Allingham, surgeon; 50, Earl Carrington; 59, Right Hon. James Lowther,
+M.P.; 72, Sir James Reid; and many others.</p>
+
+<p>Brook Street was first called Little Brook Street, and afterwards Lower
+Brook Street. It takes its name from the Tyburn, which flowed down the
+course of South Molton Lane and Avery Row, by Bruton Mews to the bottom
+of Hay Hill, and through the gardens of Lansdowne House to Shepherd's
+Market. It then crossed Piccadilly at Engine Street, and flowed through
+the Green Park to Buckingham Palace.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg&nbsp;20]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>In Brook Street is Claridge's (formerly Mivart's) Hotel. Here lived: No.
+25 (now 72), Edmund Burke; Sir Henry Holland, 1820-73; 63, Sir William
+Jenner; 74, Sir William Gull; 57 (now 25), Handel, the composer; Lord
+Lake, d. 1808; Welbore Ellis, Lord Mendip, d. 1802; Mrs. Delany; 20,
+Gerald Vandergucht, engraver, and his son Benjamin Vandergucht, painter;
+Thomas Barker, painter; 25, Rev. Sydney Smith; 30, Sir Charles Bell, d.
+1832; 34, Sir Thomas Troubridge, 1809; 63, Sir John Williams, physician;
+66, Sir B. Savory, Bart.; 74, Lord Balcarres; 84, Sir William Broadbent,
+physician; 86, Lord Davey, P.C., F.R.S.</p>
+
+<p>In South Molton Street, on the wall of No. 36, is an inscription: "This
+is South Molton Street, 1721." At No. 17 lived William Blake, poet and
+painter, in 1807. The St. George's Schools, at No. 53, were removed in
+1889 to Gilbert Street, and the building sold for &pound;2,500.</p>
+
+<p>In Woodstock Street lived: Dr. Johnson, 1737; Prince Talleyrand, 1793;
+Dr. Parr, 1814. Running out of it are Sedley Place, so named in 1873
+instead of Hanover Place, and Blenheim Street, up to 1760 called Pedley
+Street.</p>
+
+<p>East of New Bond Street, Hanover Square, four acres in extent, was built
+as a fashionable place of residence in 1716-20. It was to have been
+called Oxford Square, but the name was changed<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg&nbsp;21]</a></span> in honour of the house
+of Hanover. A few of the old houses still remain, notably Nos. 17 and
+23, but most of them have been rebuilt at various times, and are not in
+any way remarkable. The centre is enclosed and planted with trees, and
+at the southern end stands a bronze statue of Pitt by Chantrey, erected
+in 1831 at the cost of &pound;7,000. The principal houses are: No. 3, the
+offices of the Zoological Society, established in 1826, and removed here
+in 1846; those of the Anthropological Society; 4, a large handsome
+building erected in 1774 by Sir George Gallini, and opened by him as the
+Hanover Square Concert and Ball Rooms. Here J. C. Bach, son of Sebastian
+Bach, gave concerts from 1785-93. The concerts of Ancient Music and
+those of the Philharmonic Society also took place here. In 1862 the
+rooms were redecorated and styled the Queen's Concert Rooms, but were in
+1875 disposed of to the Hanover Square Club, established in that year.</p>
+
+<p>No. 10 was formerly the Brunswick Hotel, but has been rebuilt as
+chambers.</p>
+
+<p>No. 12, formerly the offices of the Royal Agricultural Society, now
+those of the Shire Horse Society and Kindred Associations.</p>
+
+<p>No. 13, Harewood House, was built by W. Adam for the Duke of Roxburghe,
+and purchased in 1795 by Lord Harewood, in whose family it remained
+until 1894, when it was sold to the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg&nbsp;22]</a></span> Royal Agricultural Society,
+established in 1838 for the improvement of agriculture.</p>
+
+<p>No. 15 now forms part of the Orthop&aelig;dic Hospital in Oxford Street.</p>
+
+<p>No. 16 in 1845 was occupied by the Royal College of Chemistry,
+established in that year, and afterwards removed first to Oxford Street,
+and in 1835 to the School of Mines, Jermyn Street.</p>
+
+<p>In No. 17 Mrs. Jordan is said to have lived under the protection of the
+Duke of Clarence, afterwards William IV. In 1864 it became the home of
+the Arts Club, established in that year for persons interested in art,
+literature, or science. The house contains a fine painted ceiling by
+Angelica Kaufmann, and some marble mantelpieces of Italian workmanship,
+but is soon to be demolished.</p>
+
+<p>No. 18 is the Oriental Club, founded in 1824 by Sir John Malcolm for
+persons who have resided or travelled in the East. The present house, on
+the site of one occupied by Lord Le Despenser 1771-81, was built in 1827
+by the Wyatts, and contains some good portraits of Lord Clive and other
+distinguished Anglo-Indians.</p>
+
+<p>No. 20 is the offices of the Royal Medical, Pathological, and Clinical
+Societies, established 1867.</p>
+
+<p>No. 21 was the site of Downshire House from 1793. It was before that
+date the property of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg&nbsp;23]</a></span> Earl of Hillsborough. Here, in 1835, lived
+Talleyrand, then French Ambassador; after him, Earl Grey. It has been
+rebuilt, and is now a bank, above which is the New County Club, located
+here in 1894.</p>
+
+<p>No. 32 was the home of the Naval and Military Club from 1863-65.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 23 lived Lord Palmerston, father of the Premier, in 1806, and the
+Duchess of Brunswick, daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales, d. 1813.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: the present No. 20, Field-Marshal Viscount Cobham,
+1736-48; George Granville, Lord Lansdowne, d. 1735; Ambrose Phillips,
+poet, d. 1749. At the present No. 10: Admiral Lord Rodney, 1792-96;
+Admiral Lord Anson, 1762; "Single Speech" Hamilton, 1765; Percival Pott,
+surgeon, 1777-88; Thomas Campbell, poet; Sir James Clark, physician,
+1841.</p>
+
+<p>The streets round Hanover Square are mainly broad, well built, and lined
+with shops. Hanover Street and Princes Street were built about 1736. In
+the latter Sir John Malcolm died in 1833. Swallow Place and Passage
+recall Swallow Street, which was cleared away to make Regent Street in
+1820.</p>
+
+<p>In Regent Street stood, until recently, Hanover Chapel, with two towers,
+designed by C. R. Cockerell, and built in 1824 at a cost of &pound;16,180.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg&nbsp;24]</a></span>
+The Ionic portico was imitated from that of Minerva Polias at Priene. In
+the interior was a painting of "Christ's Agony in the Garden," by
+Northcote, presented 1828 by the British Institution.</p>
+
+<p>Harewood Place was closed at its northern end by gates until 1893, when
+all gates and private bars were removed throughout the district. In
+Tenterden Street, No. 4 in 1776 became the residence of the Herberts,
+Earls of Carnarvon, who still own the property. It, with Nos. 5 and 6,
+is now occupied by the Royal Academy of music, founded in 1822 by the
+Earl of Westmoreland. Among eminent pupils have been Sterndale Bennett,
+Sir G. A. Macfarren, Sir J. Barnby, Mackenzie, Sir A. Sullivan, and
+Goring Thomas. At the end of Tenterden Street is Dering Street, so
+called in 1886 instead of Union Street.</p>
+
+<p>At the southern end of the Square George Street was built about 1719,
+and at first named Great George Street, in honour of George I. It is
+wide at the Square end, but grows narrower till Maddox Street is
+reached. Its chief feature is the Parish Church of St. George, designed
+by John James, begun in 1713 and consecrated in 1724, one of Queen
+Anne's fifty churches. The style is Classical, the body plain, but
+having a Corinthian portico of good proportions, and a clock-tower 100
+feet high. The interior contains a good Jesse<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg&nbsp;25]</a></span> window put in in 1841. In
+1895 the building was redecorated, repaired, and reseated, and the old
+organ by Snitzler, put up in 1761, was replaced by a Hope Jones electric
+instrument. This church has been long celebrated for fashionable
+marriages. Among those in the register are:</p>
+
+<p>1769. The Duke of Kingston to Miss Chudleigh, she being already married
+to Mr. Harvey, afterwards Earl of Bristol. She was afterwards tried and
+convicted of bigamy.</p>
+
+<p>1771. Richard Cosway, R.A., to Maria Hatfield.</p>
+
+<p>1793. H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex to Lady Augusta Murray. The marriage was
+declared void under the Royal Marriage Act.</p>
+
+<p>1791. Sir William Hamilton to Emma Harte (Nelson's Lady Hamilton).</p>
+
+<p>1797. The Earl of Derby to Miss Farren. The ceremony took place in
+Grosvenor Square.</p>
+
+<p>1849. Mr. Heath to Lola Montes.</p>
+
+<p>1880. Mr. J. W. Cross to George Eliot.</p>
+
+<p>Among the Rectors of St. George's were Charles Moss, D.D., 1759-74,
+afterwards Bishop of Bath and Wells; and Henry Courtenay, 1774-1803,
+made Bishop of Exeter in 1795.</p>
+
+<p>At the bottom of George Street is Limmer's Hotel, formerly a noted
+resort of sporting men, rebuilt and enlarged in 1876. No. 25 is a
+handsome stone-fronted mansion, built in 1864 for Earl Temple. In 1895
+it was in possession of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg&nbsp;26]</a></span> Duchess of Buckinghamshire. In a house on
+the same site lived John Copley, the painter, and his son, Lord
+Lyndhurst, d. 1863.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: No. 3, Madame de Sta&euml;l; 7, Admiral Sir Edward Hawke;
+8, David Mallet, poet, 1758-63; Sir William Beechey, R.A.; Sir Thomas
+Phillips, R.A., d. 1845; 9, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, 1803; 13, Lord
+Chancellor Cowper, 1723; 15, Sir George Wombwell, afterwards for a short
+time the Junior Travellers' Club; Earl of Albemarle, 1726; Lord Stair,
+1726; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, d. 1762; Sir Thomas Clarges, 1726;
+Colonel Francis Charteris, 1729; Lord Shelburne, 1748.</p>
+
+<p>Maddox Street was built by the Earl of Burlington in 1721, and named
+after Sir Benjamin Maddox, the ground landlord (d. 1670). It contains a
+museum of building appliances established in 1866 in connection with the
+Institute of British Architects. Mill Street is so called from a mill
+which stood near the corner of Hanover Square; near it is Pollen Street;
+both are unimportant. Conduit Street, completed about 1713, is so called
+from the city conduit which carried water from the Tyburn to Cheapside.
+It was built for private residences, which have now been transformed
+into shops. On the south side, where is now a tailor's, stood, until
+1877, Trinity Chapel, a plain, red-brick building built by Archbishop<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg&nbsp;27]</a></span>
+Tenison, in 1716, to replace the old wooden chapel which James II. had
+originally set up on Hounslow Heath, but which was brought to, and left
+at the top of, Old Bond Street about 1691. Four-fifths of the income
+derived from the three houses on this site are devoted to the
+maintenance of the district churches in the parish, the remainder going
+to the parish of St. Martin's. The share of St. George's parish now
+amounts to a capital sum of &pound;5,075, and an income of &pound;1,600.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 9, once the town house of the Earls of Macclesfield, are the
+offices of the Royal Institute of British Architects, established 1835,
+and other kindred societies.</p>
+
+<p>At the Princess of Wales' Tavern, now demolished, David Williams started
+the Royal Literary Fund in 1772.</p>
+
+<p>In this street lived: Duke of Wharton, 1725; Charles James Fox, b. here
+1749; Boswell, 1772; Wilberforce, 1786; Delm&eacute; Radcliffe, d. 1832; Balfe,
+composer; No. 36, Sir William Farquhar, physician to William Pitt; 37,
+George Canning, 1802-03, after him Dr. Elliotson (the house has since
+been rebuilt); 39, Sir Astley Cooper, surgeon, d. 1841.</p>
+
+<p>Old and New Bond Street form a continuous thoroughfare, in which are
+situated some of the most fashionable shops in London. Though somewhat
+narrow, and architecturally uninterest<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg&nbsp;28]</a></span>ing, it has always been a
+favourite society promenade, and when first built was "inhabited by the
+nobility and gentry" (Hatton). New Bond Street dates from about 1716,
+and occupies part of the site of Conduit Mead (twenty-seven acres), the
+property of the City of London. Of the houses the following are
+interesting:</p>
+
+<p>No. 135, the Grosvenor Gallery, the chief of the many picture-galleries
+in Bond Street. The house was erected in 1877 for Sir Coutts Lindsey,
+Bart., and contains a lending library and until recently the Grosvenor
+Club (proprietary, social and non-political). The doorway, by Palladio,
+was brought from Venice, and the front is by Soames.</p>
+
+<p>Nos. 15 and 16 are Long's Hotel, much frequented by Sir Walter Scott; it
+was rebuilt and enlarged in 1888.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 18, now a jeweller's, was Steven's Hotel, fashionable during the
+Regency, and afterwards a haunt of Lord Byron's.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 169, on the west side, was the Clarendon Hotel, formerly the town
+house of the Dukes of Grafton, and afterwards the residence, about 1741,
+of the elder Pitt. The hotel was closed in 1877, and replaced by a row
+of shops.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: Swift, 1727; Mrs. Delany, 1731; Lords Craven, Abergavenny,
+and Coventry, 1732; George Selwyn, 1751; Dr. Johnson, 1767;<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg&nbsp;29]</a></span> Thomson,
+the poet; No. 141, Lord Nelson, 1797; 146, Sir Thomas Picton, 1797-1800;
+147, Mrs. and Miss Gunning, 1792; 148, Lord Camelford, 1803-04; 150,
+Lady Hamilton, 1813.</p>
+
+<p>Old Bond Street, and the adjoining Stafford Street, Albemarle and Dover
+Streets, occupy the site of old Clarendon House, the grounds of which
+covered nearly 30 acres, granted to Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, by Charles
+II. The house, described by Evelyn as a noble pile, was erected in 1664,
+and after being leased, in 1670, to the Duke of Ormonde, was sold in
+1675 to the second Duke of Albemarle, who parted with it to Sir Thomas
+Bond for &pound;20,000. The latter, in 1686, built Bond Street, the west side
+of which was first called Albemarle Buildings. Residents: 1708, Lords
+Coningsby, Abingdon, and Anglesea; 1725, the Duke of St. Albans,
+Countess of Gainsborough; 1741, Duke of Kingston; 1753, Countess of
+Macclesfield; at the present No. 41, in 1768, died Laurence Sterne;
+Pascal Paoli, 1761; Boswell, 1769; No. 24, 1791, Sir Thomas Lawrence,
+R.A., afterwards the offices of the Artists' Benevolent Institution,
+founded 1814, the Artists' Orphan Fund, and the Arundel Society for
+promoting the knowledge of Art, established 1848. These have now been
+removed.</p>
+
+<p>Halfway down on the west side is the Royal Arcade, a short passage
+leading to Albemarle<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg&nbsp;30]</a></span> Street, containing shops, with a handsome entrance
+at each end. It was opened in 1883.</p>
+
+<p>In 1820, on the east side, stood another arcade, communicating with the
+Burlington Arcade, and named the Western Exchange. It failed, and was
+closed.</p>
+
+<p>In Stafford Street a stone let into the wall of a public-house had the
+inscription: "This is Stafford Street, 1686." At the corner of Albemarle
+Street, in 1852, was the Stafford Street Club, formed by Roman
+Catholics.</p>
+
+<p>Albemarle Street, Grafton Street, and Dover Street contain handsome
+houses, the residences still of many of the aristocracy. The former was
+built in 1684-1708 by Sir Thomas Bond, and named after the Duke of
+Albemarle. Its chief houses are: No. 21, the Royal Institution,
+established by Count Rumford in 1799, for "diffusing the Knowledge and
+facilitating the general introduction of useful mechanical inventions
+and improvements," etc.; has a stone front, with a row of half engaged
+Corinthian columns, designed by Louis Vulliamy, and erected in 1837. It
+contains a lecture-theatre, reading-room, and library of 50,000 volumes.
+Members are elected by ballot, and courses of lectures are delivered on
+science, philosophy, literature and art. Eminent men connected with the
+Institution: Faraday, 1830; Murchison, Lyell, Sedgewick, Whewell,
+Tyndall,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg&nbsp;31]</a></span> Huxley, Lord Rayleigh, Professor Dewar. The President of the
+Society is the Duke of Northumberland.</p>
+
+<p>Opposite is St. George's (proprietary) Chapel, a plain building,
+celebrated for its musical services.</p>
+
+<p>No. 7 is the Royal Thames Yacht Club, instituted in 1823 for the
+encouragement of yacht building and sailing on the river Thames. It was
+formerly Grillion's Hotel. Here Louis XVIII. lodged in 1814, and
+Grillion's Club, formed 1813, had its meetings. The Roxburghe Club
+dinners also took place here.</p>
+
+<p>No. 13 is the Albemarle Club, established in 1875, admits both sexes as
+members. Messrs. R. and J. Adam lived here in 1792, and the house was
+afterwards the Pulteney Hotel.</p>
+
+<p>No. 22 is the office of the Royal Asiatic Society, founded in 1823, the
+British Association for the Advancement of Science (1831), the London
+Mathematical Society (1865), etc.</p>
+
+<p>No. 23 was in 1808 the Alfred Club, which was succeeded by the
+Westminster Club, which shortly failed.</p>
+
+<p>No. 41, the Amphitryon Club, was established 1870; it was celebrated for
+the excellence of its cuisine, and the high scale of its charges.</p>
+
+<p>No. 43, the Junior Conservative Club, was established in 1889.</p>
+
+<p>No. 50, the publishing house of John Murray,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg&nbsp;32]</a></span> was removed here in 1812.
+His private house next door was, between 1812 and 1824, the resort of
+Byron and other literary celebrities.</p>
+
+<p>The noted opposition club, the Coterie, formed in 1763, also met in this
+street.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: Lords Portmore, Poulet, and Orkney, 1708; Duke of
+Rutland, Viscount St. John, 1725-41; Marquis of Granby, 1760; Lord Bute,
+1764; Zoffany, artist, 1780; C. J. Fox; Richard Glover, 1785; Byron,
+1807; No. 26, Sir James Mackintosh, 1811; 41, Hon. Hedworth Lambton;
+41<i>a</i>, Earl of Sandwich.</p>
+
+<p>Grafton Street was named after the Duke of Grafton, who, with Lord
+Grantham, bought the site in 1735. It was first called Ducking Pond Row,
+and in 1767 Evans Row.</p>
+
+<p>No. 4, the New Club (proprietary), social and non-political, was
+established with a view to providing a club conducted with economy in
+administration. Here lived Lord Brougham (1849) till his death. The Turf
+Club afterwards occupied it until 1877.</p>
+
+<p>No. 7 is the Grafton Galleries, where periodical exhibitions of pictures
+are held.</p>
+
+<p>No. 10 is the Green Park Club for ladies, established in 1894, and
+removed here in 1896.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: C. J. Fox, 1783; No. 24, Mrs. FitzHerbert, 1796; 11,
+Admiral Earl Howe, d. 1799; his daughter, the Marchioness of Sligo, and
+her husband; Lord Stowell, after 1813; 16,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg&nbsp;33]</a></span> Lord Stowell up to 1813;
+Marquis Cornwallis, 1801; 20, Right Hon. George Tierney, 1809; 11, Sir
+Dyce Duckworth; 24, Viscount Cranborne, C.B., M.P.; 23, Oswald
+Partington, M.P.</p>
+
+<p>Dover Street, built in 1686, was called after Henry Jermyn, Earl of
+Dover, who died here 1708.</p>
+
+<p>At the top of Hay Hill was Ashburnham House (Earl of Ashburnham), a
+plain square building in a courtyard. It was occupied by the Russian
+Embassy in 1851. Now Nos. 28 and 29 are the premises of the Sesame Club
+for ladies.</p>
+
+<p>No. 37, a stone-fronted house, is the town house of the Bishops of Ely,
+built in 1772, and granted by Government in exchange for Ely Place.</p>
+
+<p>No. 34, the Bath Club, opened 1895, contains swimming and other baths
+for both sexes, gymnasium, etc. It has also an entrance in Berkeley
+Street.</p>
+
+<p>No. 35, the Empress Club for ladies, is on a scale of great
+magnificence.</p>
+
+<p>No. 36 was the Hogarth Club for gentlemen associated with the arts,
+founded as the Artists' Club at the Turk's Head, Gerrard Street; removed
+here from Henrietta Street, Cavendish Square, in 1888.</p>
+
+<p>The Literary Club met in 1785 at Le Telier's in this street.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg&nbsp;34]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: John Evelyn, 1699-1706; Marquis of Wharton; Harley,
+Earl of Oxford; Dr. Arbuthnot, 1714-21; Pope, 1729; Bolingbroke, 1730;
+Sir William Wyndham, 1731; Archdeacon Coxe, b. 1741; No. 23, Lady Byron,
+1841; 29, John Nash, Architect; 35, Samuel Whitbread, M.P., d. 1815; 33,
+Earl of Mexborough, 1895.</p>
+
+<p>The steep descent of Hay Hill was so called from a farm in the
+neighbourhood, which, perhaps, took its name from Tyburn (the "Ayburn,"
+the "Eia Burn"), which flowed at the foot. Here in 1554 Sir Thomas
+Wyatt's head was exposed, and three of his companions hung in chains. In
+1617 Hay Hill was granted to Hector Johnstone for services to the
+Elector Palatine. By Queen Anne it was granted to the Speaker of the
+House of Commons, who sold it for &pound;200 and gave the proceeds to the
+poor. It afterwards came into the hands of the Pomfret family, and was
+sold prior to 1759 for &pound;20,300.</p>
+
+<p>Berkeley Square was built about 1698 on the site of the gardens of
+Berkeley House, the residence of Sir John Berkeley, afterwards Lord
+Berkeley, of Stratton, to whose descendant, Earl Fitzhardinge, the
+property still belongs. It slopes somewhat steeply to the south, and has
+a well-wooded garden in the centre, planted about the end of the
+eighteenth century. The<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg&nbsp;35]</a></span> equestrian statue of George III., by Beaupr&eacute;
+and Wilton, erected by Princess Amelia in 1766, was removed in 1827, and
+the pedestal is vacant, but a drinking-fountain, the gift of the Marquis
+of Lansdowne, stands at the south end. In 1805 the north side was
+occupied by small tradesmen's shops, which have been replaced; but some
+of the other houses are old, and still have the iron link extinguishers
+before the door, which may be seen at many houses in this district. No.
+25 is Thomas's Hotel, which dates from 1809. Charles James Fox lived
+here in 1803. No. 40 is noteworthy for the style of its architecture,
+but the finest house in the Square is Lansdowne House (Marquis of
+Lansdowne), standing in its own garden on the south side. It was built
+by Robert Adam for the Earl of Bute in 1765, and sold while still
+unfinished to the Earl of Shelburne, afterwards Marquis of Lansdowne,
+for &pound;22,500. It contains a sculpture gallery commenced in 1778, with a
+collection of statuary by Gavin Hamilton. The pictures were collected by
+the third Marquis (1807-50), and comprise specimens by Raphael, Murillo,
+Velasquez, Hogarth, Reynolds, Landseer, and others. The library was
+added in 1790. Priestley was librarian when, in 1774, he discovered
+oxygen.</p>
+
+<p>No. 44, designed by Kent for Lady Isabella Finch, has a fine staircase
+and drawing-room.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: Corner of Bruton Street,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg&nbsp;36]</a></span> No. 20, Colley Cibber,
+1753; 45, the residence of the Earl of Powis, has a name-plate on the
+door (here, in 1774, Lord Clive committed suicide); 10, Lord Clyde,
+1863; 11, Horace Walpole, 1774-97, Lady Waldegrave, 1800; 6, second Earl
+of Chatham; 13, Marquis of Hertford, Earl of Carnarvon; 17, Lord Rowton;
+18, Sir S. B. Bancroft, actor; 21, Lady Anne Barnard, authoress of "Auld
+Robin Gray," d. 1825; Lord Brougham and Vaux, 1842; 28, Earl Grey, Lord
+Brougham, 1830-34, Sidney Smirke, R.A., architect, 1842; 38, here, in
+1804, the Earl of Jersey married Lady Sophia Fane, daughter of the Earl
+of Westmoreland, d. 1867, Lord Londesborough, 1891. It has now been
+rebuilt in red brick by Lord Rosebery; 48, Lord Brougham, 1849; 52,
+Field-marshal Lord Strathnairn, d. 1894.</p>
+
+<p>Berkeley Street was built on the grounds of Berkeley House in 1684 by
+Lady Berkeley, under the direction of John Evelyn. It skirts the garden
+wall of Devonshire House, and is now chiefly occupied by stabling.</p>
+
+<p>Here lived: Richard Cosway, R.A., 1770-80; No. 4, Shackleton, painter;
+9, Pope's Martha Blount, 1731-63; General Bulkeley, d. 1815; Mrs.
+Howard, mistress of Louis Napoleon.</p>
+
+<p>Bruton Street, built <i>circa</i> 1727, was named after Lord Berkeley's
+Dorsetshire estate. It contains<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg&nbsp;37]</a></span> large private houses, the most
+noticeable being No. 17, now Lord Stratheden and Campbell. At No. 22
+(now Earl Bathurst) was the Pioneer Club for ladies.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: The Duke of Argyle, d. 1743; Horace Walpole, 1749;
+William Pitt, 1760; General Lawrence, d. 1775; R. Brinsley Sheridan,
+1786; Mrs. Jamieson, 1851-54; General Sir G. Macdonald, d. 1850; 15,
+Right Hon. Lord Hobhouse, P.C.; 16, Lord Granville, d. 1846; Lord
+Chancellor Cottenham, 1847; 23, Sir W. H. Humphery, Bart.; 23<span class="smcap">a</span>, Marquis
+of Granby, M.P., 1895; 24, George Canning, 1809; Countess of Longford;
+26, Sir Matthew Tierney, physician, 1841; 33, William Owen, R.A., d.
+1825; 36, Earl of Orford.</p>
+
+<p>The district west of Berkeley Square, bounded by Piccadilly and Park
+Lane, has already been mentioned; though the streets are narrow and
+cramped, and many of the houses small, it has always been a fashionable
+locality.</p>
+
+<p>In Hill Street (1743) lived: Lord Lyttelton, 1755-73; Admiral Byng,
+1756; Smollett's Lady Vane, d. 1788; Mrs. Montagu, 1795; Lord Chief
+Justice Camden, d. 1794; Earl of Carlisle, b. 1802; Sir J. F. Leicester,
+1829; No. 5, Mr. Henry Brougham (Lord Brougham), 1824, Lord
+Londesborough, 1835; 6 (a new house), Marquis of Tweeddale, 1895; 9,
+Admiral Sir Philip Durham,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg&nbsp;38]</a></span> 1841; 8, The Mackintosh of Mackintosh; 20,
+Lord Barrymore; 21, William Grant, Earl of Malmesbury, d. 1820, Countess
+Darnley; 26, Lord Revelstoke; 27, Countess of Roden, 1895; 30, Lord
+Westbury; 33, Lord Hindlip; 34, Sir Charles G. Earle-Welby, Bart.; 41,
+Sir Evelyn Ruggles-Brise, Bart.</p>
+
+<p>In Farm Street (<i>circa</i> 1750), named from a neighbouring farm, and now a
+mews, is the Jesuit Church of the Immaculate Conception, a handsome and
+lofty Gothic structure in Decorated style, designed by Scoles, and built
+in 1849. The front is a miniature reproduction of the cathedral at
+Beauvais. The high altar, designed by Pugin, was a gift by Miss Tempest,
+and cost &pound;1,000. The church is lit by a clerestory.</p>
+
+<p>In South Street (<i>circa</i> 1737), up to 1845, stood a Roman Catholic
+chapel, attached to the Portuguese Embassy. Here is a school endowed by
+General Stewart in 1726, and carried on in conjunction with the Hanover
+Branch Schools.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 10, Miss Florence Nightingale, 1895; 22, Beau Brummell;
+33, Lord Holland; 36, Mlle. d'Este, daughter of the Duke of Sussex,
+1835; 39, Lord Melbourne, 1837.</p>
+
+<p>Aldford Street (<i>circa</i> 1734) was named Chapel Street (from Grosvenor
+Chapel) until 1886. Part of the north side has been lately pulled down,
+and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg&nbsp;39]</a></span> with it No. 13, where Beau Brummell lived in 1816 and Sir Thomas
+Rivers Wilson in 1841.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: No. 23, Shelley, 1813; 5, Earl of Kilmorey.</p>
+
+<p>Deanery Street was built <i>circa</i> 1737, and was first called Dean and
+Chapel Street, from the Chapter of Westminster, the ground landlords. In
+Tilney Street (<i>circa</i> 1750) lived Soame Jenyns, d. 1787; No. 2,
+Viscount Esher; 5, Lord Brampton; 6, Mrs. Fitzherbert, wife of George
+IV.</p>
+
+<p>Great Stanhope Street, built <i>circa</i> 1750 by Lord Chesterfield, is
+broad, and contained fifteen spacious houses, of which No. 7 was
+demolished to build a mansion in Park Lane for a millionaire.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 1, Lord Southampton, 1796, Duke of Bedford, 1810, Earl
+Bathurst, 1822, Duke of Manchester, 1890; No. 1, Viscount Clifden; 4,
+Earl of Mansfield, 1823, Marquis of Exeter, 1829, Lord Brougham, 1834;
+5, Lord Raglan, 1853; 6, Lord Reay; 9, Lord Palmerston, 1814-1843; 10,
+Bamber Gascoyne, grandfather of the present Marquis of Salisbury; 12,
+Colonel Barr&eacute;, d. 1802; Sir Robert Peel, 1820-25; 15, Viscount Hardinge,
+d. 1856.</p>
+
+<p>Waverton Street was renamed in 1886, instead of Union Street, built
+<i>circa</i> 1750. Charles Street is so called after Charles, Earl of
+Falmouth, brother of Lord Berkeley. At the corner of Hayes Street<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg&nbsp;40]</a></span> a
+public-house bears the sign of a running footman in the dress of the
+last century, with the inscription, "I am the only running footman."</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants of Charles Street: No. 22, H.R.H. the Duke of Clarence
+(William IV.); Admiral Sir G. Osborn, d. 1792; Sir G. Bulwer Lytton; the
+Earl of Ellenborough, Viceroy of India; J. H. Scott, of Abbotsford;
+Thomas Baring, M.P.; Lady Grenville, widow of the Premier, 1806-07; 33,
+Admiral Sherard Osborn, 1795; Lady Margaret Fitzgerald, d. 1815; Sydney
+Smith, 1835; 37, Earl of Dartmouth; 39, Earl of Camperdown; 40, Earl of
+Cork and Orrery; 48, Lord Burghclere; 49, Lord Romilly.</p>
+
+<p>In John Street (<i>circa</i> 1730) is Berkeley Chapel, the property of Lord
+Fitzhardinge, which dates from about 1750. It is a plain building both
+within and without. The interior was redecorated in 1874, and the east
+end and chancel in 1895, when a window was put up to the memory of the
+late Duke of Clarence. Sydney Smith and Rev. H. F. Cary (1812) are the
+best known among the incumbents.</p>
+
+<p>In Queen Street (<i>circa</i> 1753) lived: No. 13, Dr. Merriman, 1796-1810;
+20, Thomas Duncombe, M.P., 1824; 22, Sir Robert Adair, d. 1855; 21, Duke
+of Hamilton, d. 1895; 25, R. Brinsley Sheridan, 1810.</p>
+
+<p>In Chesterfield Street lived George Selwyn,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg&nbsp;41]</a></span> 1776; No. 3, Sir Ian
+Hamilton; 4, Beau Brummell till 1810; 1, Sir W. H. Bennett.</p>
+
+<p>Chesterfield Gardens contain fine red-brick houses built by Mr. Magniac
+on the site of the gardens of Chesterfield House.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 2, Lord Hothfield; 6, Duke of Grafton; 9, Lord
+Leconfield.</p>
+
+<p>Some fine houses with an outlet by steps to Pitt's Head Mews form
+Seamore Place (<i>circa</i> 1761).</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 8, Lady Blessington, 1832-36; 1, Alfred de Rothschild;
+2, Lord Blythswood; 7, Sir James Lyle Mackay; 9, Hon. A. de Tatton
+Egerton.</p>
+
+<p>Curzon Street was named after Curzon, Earl Howe, d. 1758, to whose
+family the property still belongs. It was known before that time as
+Mayfair Row.</p>
+
+<p>On the south side is Curzon or Mayfair Chapel, an ugly building, first
+erected in 1730, but since rebuilt. The Rev. Alex Keith was the first
+incumbent. Here he performed marriages without banns or license until
+his excommunication in 1742. He then established a chapel close by,
+where clandestine marriages were continued until the Marriage Act put an
+end to them in 1754. The most celebrated of these were: the Duke of
+Chandos and Mrs. Anne Jeffrey, 1744; Lord Strange and Mrs. Lucy Smith,
+1746; Lord Kensington and Rachel Hill, 1749; Sewellis Shirley<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg&nbsp;42]</a></span> and
+Margaret Rolle, widow of the second Earl of Oxford, 1751; Duke of
+Hamilton and Miss Gunning, 1752; Lord George Bentinck and Mary Davies,
+1753.</p>
+
+<p>Opposite the chapel is Wharncliffe House, a plain building with
+courtyard and garden. Here lived in 1708 Edward Shepherd, the builder of
+Shepherd's Market. It was sold for &pound;500 in 1750 to Lord Carhampton, who
+rebuilt it. From 1776-92 it was occupied by Lady Fane, and by Lady Reade
+from 1793 to 1813. In 1818 it was bought by Mr. J. Stuart Wortley, M.P.,
+for &pound;12,000, and is now in possession of the Earl of Wharncliffe.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: No. 1 (pulled down in 1849), Madame Vestris; 8, the
+Misses Berry, d. 1852; Baron Bunsen, 1841; 14, Richard Stonehewer, 1782,
+Earl of Crewe; 16, Sir Henry Halford, d. 1844; 19, Earl of Beaconsfield,
+d. 1882; 20, Viscount Curzon; 21, Earl Howe; 24, Sir Francis Chantrey
+when a young man; 30, Lord Macartney, d. 1806; 37, Sir C. M. Palmer,
+Bart.; 41, Prince Soltykoff; 64, Earl Percy.</p>
+
+<p>At the end of Curzon Street is Bolton Row (1728), until 1786 called
+Blicks Row.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: Martha Blount, 1731-37; Horace Walpole, 1748; Angelo, the
+fencing master, 1800.</p>
+
+<p>A passage leads between the gardens of Lansdowne and Downshire Houses to
+Berkeley Street.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg&nbsp;43]</a></span> The bars at each entrance were set up after the escape
+of a highwayman, who galloped through.</p>
+
+<p>Bolton Street was built in 1699, and was then the western limit of
+London. Here lived: Earl of Peterborough, 1710-24; George Grenville, d.
+1770; Madame d'Arblay, 1818; Lord Melbourne; Hon. Mrs. Norton, 1841.</p>
+
+<p>The Young Pretender is said to have lodged here secretly when in London.</p>
+
+<p>Clarges Street was built 1716-18 on the site of Clarges House, the
+residence of Sir Walter Clarges, nephew of Anne Clarges, wife of Monk,
+Duke of Albemarle. Hatton in 1708 described it as a stately new
+building, inhabited by the Venetian Ambassador.</p>
+
+<p>Here lived: Admiral Earl St. Vincent, 1717; Earl Ferrers, 1717; Lord
+Archibald Hamilton, 1717; Lord Forester, 1717; Sir John Cope, 1746; Miss
+O'Neil, actress; Mrs. Delany, 1742-44; Mrs. Vesey, 1780; No. 2, W. T.
+Brandes, chemist, 1822-23; 3, Macaulay, 1838-40; 9, Daniel O'Connell,
+1835; 10, Sir Nicholas Wraxall, 1792; 11, Lady Hamilton, 1804-06,
+Countess Stanhope, 1807-29; 12, Edmund Kean, 1816-24; 14, William
+Mitford, 1810-22; 43, Charles James Fox, 1803; 47, at the corner of
+Piccadilly, a dull, ugly building, was formerly the residence of the
+Dukes of Grafton. In 1876 the Turf Club, established 1866, moved here
+from Grafton Street.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg&nbsp;44]</a></span> Formerly the Arlington Club, it is now a great
+whist centre, and one of the most select clubs in London.</p>
+
+<p>Half-Moon Street, so called from a public-house at the corner of
+Piccadilly, was built in 1730.</p>
+
+<p>Here lived: Boswell, 1768; Shelley, 1813; No. 5, Mrs. Pope, actress, d.
+1797; 26, Dr. Merriman; 27, Lola Montes, 1849; 29, John Galt, 1830; 40,
+William Hazlitt, 1827-29; 45, the widow of Charles James Fox, 1809.</p>
+
+<p>On either side of Mayfair Chapel are East and West Chapel Streets, built
+<i>circa</i> 1785. In the latter, at No. 7, lived Chantrey in 1804. They lead
+to Shepherd's Market, a congeries of small streets, which occupy the
+site of Brook Field, so called from Tyburn, which flowed through it.
+Here was held the May Fair, from which the district derives its name.
+First held in 1688, it lasted with many vicissitudes till the reign of
+George III., when the Earl of Coventry, d. 1809, procured its abolition.
+The ground in 1722 was an irregular open space, but in 1735 Shepherd's
+Market was built by Edward Shepherd, the lower story consisting of
+butchers' shops, and the upper containing a theatre where plays were
+given during the fair time. The block was built in 1860, and now
+consists of small provision shops.</p>
+
+<p>Whitehorse Street, built about 1738, is so called<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg&nbsp;45]</a></span> from a public-house.
+In Carrington Street (1738) was the residence of Kitty Fisher and of
+Samuel Carte, the antiquary. Here also was the Dog and Duck tavern,
+behind which was a pond 200 feet square, where the sport of duck-hunting
+was pursued in the eighteenth century. The site is now marked by Ducking
+Pond Mews. In Carrington Mews are the Curzon Schools in connection with
+Christ Church, Down Street; they were built about 1826, and provide
+tuition for 85 boys, 90 girls, and 110 infants. In Derby Street, No. 5
+is the parish mission-house, used also for parochial meetings. Little
+Stanhope Street was built about 1761, and leads to Hertford Street
+(1764), now chiefly inhabited by doctors.</p>
+
+<p>Here lived: Lord Charlemont, 1766; Lord Goderich, 1782; Earl of
+Mornington, 1788-97; No. 10, General Burgoyne, d. 1792; R. Brinsley
+Sheridan, 1796-1800; Mr. Dent, d. 1819; 11, Earl of Sandwich, d. 1792;
+12, George Tierney, 1796-99; 14, Earl Grey, 1799, Sir W. Jenner; 23,
+Robert Dundas, 1810, Charles Bathurst, 1822; 26, Earl of Liverpool, d.
+1818; 36, Lord Langdale, 1829, Lord Lytton, 1831-34; 37, Granville Penn,
+1822-24.</p>
+
+<p>In this street also the Duke of Cumberland, brother of George III.,
+married Miss Horton, the actress. On the site of Down Street (1730)
+stood Mr. Deane's school, where Pope was educated.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg&nbsp;46]</a></span> The north end was
+called Carrington Place (1774) until 1867. On the west side is Christ
+Church, a building of great beauty erected in 1863, with a one-sided
+transept. The east window was presented by the Hope family. The street
+has been lately rebuilt with red-brick flats and chambers.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: William Hazlitt, 1823-27; No. 8, Rev. H. F. Cary,
+translator of Dante; 22, Sir W. G. Nicholson.</p>
+
+<p>Brick Street at its southern end was until 1878 called Engine Street,
+from a water-wheel by the Tyburn, which here crossed Piccadilly.</p>
+
+<p>Piccadilly enters our district at the end of Bond Street, and forms its
+boundary as far as Hyde Park Corner. The origin of the name is obscure;
+the street is first so called in Gerard's "Herbal," 1633, but as early
+as 1623 (and up to 1685) a gaming-house named Piccadilly Hall stood near
+Coventry Street. In 1617, and for some years afterwards, the name
+"Piccadill" was given to a fashionable collar, according to Gifford,
+derived from <i>picca</i>, a spearhead, owing to the spiky nature of the
+folds. Hence it may have been applied as a nickname to the hall and
+street, but there are numerous other conjectural derivations. The name
+was originally given to the part extending from the Haymarket to
+Sackville Street. From that point to Brick Street was styled Portugal
+Row, from Catharine of Braganza, wife of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg&nbsp;47]</a></span> Charles II. The stone bridge
+over Tyburn gave its name to the short distance between Brick Street and
+Down Street; west of that was Hyde Park Road. As the houses were built
+the name Piccadilly spread westwards, until, soon after 1770, the whole
+street was so called. From the Park to Berkeley Street was also
+popularly known as Hyde Park Corner, now confined to the actual vicinity
+of the Park. In the sixteenth century Piccadilly was a lonely country
+road known as the "Way to Redinge." In 1700 the western portion was
+occupied by statuary yards, which soon after 1757 gave way to houses.
+The remainder contains many large private houses, and in recent years
+has been further changed by the erection of numerous handsome
+club-houses. In 1844 it was widened between Bolton Street and Park Lane
+by taking in a strip of the Green Park with a row of trees, near the
+entrance to Constitution Hill, and throwing it into the roadway; and
+again in 1902 by cutting off a part of the Park. The following are the
+principal buildings:</p>
+
+<p>At the corner of Albemarle Street the Albemarle Hotel. Hatchett's
+restaurant, formerly called the New White Horse Cellar. After the
+resuscitation of stage-coaching in 1886, Hatchett's was a favourite
+starting-place, but is now little patronized. The new White Horse Cellar
+was named after the White Horse Cellar (No. 55) on<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg&nbsp;48]</a></span> the south side, so
+called from the crest of the House of Hanover, which existed in 1720,
+and was widely renowned as a coaching centre. It is now closed.</p>
+
+<p>Adjoining Hatchett's is the Hotel Avondale, named after the Duke of
+Clarence and Avondale. The house was opened as a dining club, the
+"Cercle de Luxe," in 1892, after the failure of which it was reopened as
+an hotel in 1895.</p>
+
+<p>No. 75 is the site of the Three Kings' Inn, where stood up to 1864 two
+pillars taken from Clarendon House.</p>
+
+<p>At the corner of Berkeley Street is the Berkeley Hotel and Restaurant,
+formerly the St. James's Hotel, which stands on the site of the
+Gloucester coffee-house.</p>
+
+<p>Opposite, at the corner of the Green Park, is Walsingham House, an
+enormous block built by Lord Walsingham in 1887, and on which he is said
+to have spent &pound;300,000. It has been used as an hotel, and is shortly to
+be pulled down and rebuilt. Part of it was occupied by the Isthmian
+Club, established in 1882 for gentlemen interested in cricket, rowing,
+and other sports, which removed here from Grafton Street in 1887.</p>
+
+<p>Opposite Berkeley Street stood the toll-gate, removed to Hyde Park
+Corner in 1725. No. 78, adjoining it, is Devonshire House, the residence
+of the Dukes of Devonshire, which stands in a court<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg&nbsp;49]</a></span>yard concealed from
+the street by a high brick wall, in which are handsome iron gates. It is
+an unpretending brick building built by Kent in 1735, with a large
+garden at the back. The interior is handsome, and contains a gallery of
+pictures by old masters, a large collection of prints, and the famous
+Devonshire collection of gems. On this site stood Berkeley House, built
+about 1655 by Sir John Berkeley on a property called Hay Hill Farm, the
+grounds then covering the present Lansdowne House and Berkeley Square,
+as well as Berkeley and Stratton Street. It came into the possession of
+the Cavendish family before 1697, but was destroyed by fire in 1733.
+Queen Anne, when Princess of Denmark, lived here from 1692 to 1695.
+Stratton Street, a cul-de-sac, was built about 1693 by Lady Stratton. At
+No. 1 lived Mrs. Coutts (Miss Mellon), afterwards Duchess of St. Albans,
+d. 1837. It now belongs to her heir, the Baroness Burdett-Coutts.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: Lord Willoughby, of Brook, 1698; Hon. George
+Berkeley, 1735; No. 2, Thomas Campbell, 1802; 7, William Gifford, 1797,
+Right Hon. Arnold Morley; 11, Roger Wilbraham, 1822-29, Lord Welby; 12,
+General Lord Lynedoch, d. 1803; 17, Earl of Clonmell.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 80, Piccadilly, Sir Francis Burdett was arrested for treason in
+1810, when he was imprisoned in the Tower. He was succeeded by the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg&nbsp;50]</a></span> Duke
+of St. Albans. In 1849 Lady Guilford occupied the house.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 81 in 1807 was established Watier's Gambling Club, which lasted
+until 1819; it was named after the Prince Regent's cook, the manager. It
+afterwards became a public gaming-house, and is now a private residence.</p>
+
+<p>No. 82, Bath House, at the corner of Bolton Street, was built for
+Pulteney, Earl of Bath, who died 1764. The gardens then extended nearly
+to Curzon Street. It was rebuilt in 1821 for Lord Ashburton.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 89, the east corner of Half-Moon Street, lived Madame d'Arblay.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 94, Cambridge House (Naval and Military Club), standing in a
+courtyard, occupies the site of Carpenter's Statue Yard, which was
+succeeded by an inn. It was built in 1760 for the Earl of Egremont. The
+Marquis of Cholmondeley lived here 1809-29, after which the Duke of
+Cambridge was the owner until 1850. Lord Palmerston occupied it from
+1855 till his death in 1865, when it was purchased by the Naval and
+Military Club, established 1862, for officers of the army and navy, who
+made extensive alterations in 1878. This was the first club located in
+Piccadilly.</p>
+
+<p>No. 97, at the corner of Whitehorse Street, is a square white building;
+the New Travellers' Club<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg&nbsp;51]</a></span> (social and non-political) was established
+here. It now houses the Junior Naval and Military Club.</p>
+
+<p>No. 100 is the Badminton Club (proprietary), built on the site of a
+mews, and established in 1876 for gentlemen interested in coaching and
+field sports. Next door is the palatial house of the Junior
+Constitutional Club for members professing Conservative principles. On
+the site stood the town house of the Earls of Mexborough.</p>
+
+<p>No. 105, on the site of Jan Van Nost's figure-yard, the Earl of
+Barrymore built a house in 1870, which remained unfinished at his death.
+After being partially burned down, it was completed and opened as the
+Old Pulteney Hotel. Here the Emperor of Russia and his sister, the Grand
+Duchess of Oldenburg, stayed in 1814. In 1823 the house came into the
+possession of the Marquis of Hertford, who partially rebuilt it in 1861.
+His son, Sir Richard Wallace, sold it to Sir Julian Goldsmid, M.P., who
+died 1896. It is now the Isthmian Club. Near here stood the Queen's
+Meadhouse.</p>
+
+<p>No. 106, at the corner of Brick Street, stands on the site of the
+Greyhound Inn, which was purchased by Sir Henry Hunlocke in 1761. He was
+succeeded in 1764 by the Earl of Coventry, who built the present house,
+which became in 1829 the Coventry House Club. In 1854 it<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg&nbsp;52]</a></span> became the
+home of the St. James's Club, established in that year as a centre for
+the members of the British and foreign diplomatic bodies. Next door is
+the Savile Club, until 1836 the residence of Nathan Meyer Rothschild,
+the head of the banking firm.</p>
+
+<p>No. 116, Hope House, at the corner of Down Street, a handsome structure,
+was built by Mr. Hope in 1849 at a cost of &pound;30,600, and was sold by his
+widow to the members of the Junior Athen&aelig;um Club (social and
+non-political), established in 1866, which is now located there. The
+house was enlarged in 1887.</p>
+
+<p>The private houses west of Down Street were built about 1873.</p>
+
+<p>Two handsome houses, Nos. 127 and 128, were built about 1887. The first
+is the Cavalry Club, established in 1890 for officers of the cavalry and
+Yeomanry, and the second the Hyde Park Club.</p>
+
+<p>No. 137, Gloucester House, stands on the site of Dickinson's Statue
+Yard. It belonged to the Earl of Elgin in 1808, from whom it was
+purchased in 1811 by the Duke of Gloucester on his marriage with
+Princess Mary. He was succeeded by the present owner, the Duke of
+Cambridge.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants of Piccadilly were: No. 96 (No. 15 Piccadilly west),
+Mr. Dumergue, with whom Sir Walter Scott resided in 1800; 99 (then 23),
+Sir William Hamilton, d. 1803; next<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg&nbsp;53]</a></span> door, Sir Thomas Lawrence; 114,
+Lord Palmerston, before 1855; 133, Kitty Frederick, mistress of the Duke
+of Queensberry, who built the house 1779; 139 (13, Piccadilly Terrace),
+Lord Byron, 1815; 138 and 139, the Duke of Queensberry, 1778-1810.</p>
+
+<p>Hamilton Place is a short but broad street, lined on the west with large
+and fashionable houses. The ground, then part of Hyde Park, was granted
+to Hamilton, Ranger of Hyde Park, 1660-84, who built a street of small
+houses, named Hamilton Street, a cul-de-sac. This was replaced in 1809
+by a street built by the Adams. In 1871, to relieve the congestion of
+the traffic, the roadway was carried through the Park Lane.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 1, Lord Montgomery, 1810 (Lord Chancellor Eldon built
+the present house); 2, Duke of Bedford, 1810-19, Earl Gower (Duke of
+Sutherland), Right Hon. Thomas Grenville, 1840-46, Duke of Argyle,
+1847-51; 3, Earl of Cork, 1810-50, Earl of Dalkeith, 1870; 4, Earl of
+Lucan, 1810, Duke of Wellington, 1814, Lord Grenville, 1822, Messrs.
+Labouchere, 1823-29, Henry Bevan, 1840-48, Earl of Northbrook, 1895; 5,
+Earl of Buckinghamshire, 1810-25, Marquis of Conyngham, 1870, Baron
+Leopold de Rothschild, 1895; 6, Right Hon. John Sullivan, 1810, Earl of
+Belmore, Lord Montagu, 1829, Earl of Home, 1843, Lord Southampton, 1847,
+W. Munro, 1848,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg&nbsp;54]</a></span> Hon. B. J. Munro, 1870; 7, Earl of Shannon, 1810-22,
+William Miles, M.P., 1840-50. Nos. 7 and 8 are now the premises of the
+Bachelors' Club, established 1881, one of the most fashionable young
+men's clubs in London.</p>
+
+<p>The space between Hamilton Place and Apsley House is now occupied by six
+large houses.</p>
+
+<p>It was up to the middle of last century a row of mean buildings, many of
+them public-houses. Next to Apsley House stood, up to 1797, a noted inn,
+the Pillars of Hercules. In 1787 M. de Calonne built a mansion on the
+site now occupied by Nos. 146 and 147.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 142, Miss Alice de Rothschild, heiress of the late
+Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild; 145 was formerly Northampton House; 148,
+Nathaniel Meyer, first Baron Rothschild, G.C.V.O., P.C.</p>
+
+<p>Apsley House was built in 1778 by Lord Chancellor Apsley, Earl Bathurst,
+to whom the site was granted by George III. The ground was formerly
+occupied by the old Ranger's Lodge, and adjoining it was a tenement
+granted by George II. to Allen, a veteran of Dettingen, for a permanent
+apple-stall. In 1808 the house came into the possession of the Marquis
+Wellesley, and in 1816 into that of his brother, the Duke of Wellington,
+and it is now held by the fourth Duke.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg&nbsp;55]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>It was faced with stone, and enlarged by the Wyatts in 1828, and in 1830
+the Crown sold its interest in the building for &pound;9,530. Further
+alterations were made in 1853. In the west gallery was held annually the
+Waterloo Banquet during the great Duke's life, and his study is still
+preserved intact. The house contains a good collection of pictures and
+many relics of the Napoleonic era.</p>
+
+<p>Hyde Park Corner was the entrance to London until 1825, when the
+turnpike was removed. Cottages existed here in 1655. It is now an open
+triangular space, much enlarged when a portion of Green Park was thrown
+into the roadway in 1888. In the centre, about 1828, was erected a
+triumphal arch, an imitation of the arch of Titus at Rome. This, in
+1846, was surmounted by a colossal equestrian statue of the Duke of
+Wellington by Matthew Wyatt, which, in 1888, was removed to Aldershot,
+and the arch shifted to the top of Constitution Hill. The vacant space
+is now occupied by an equestrian statue of Wellington by Boehm.</p>
+
+<p>In 1642 one of the forts for the defence of London against the Royalists
+was erected on the ground opposite the present Apsley House.</p>
+
+<p>The prolongation of Piccadilly to the westward is known generally as
+Knightsbridge, as far as the stone bridge which spanned the Westbourne
+at<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg&nbsp;56]</a></span> the present Albert Gate. Edward the Confessor granted the land to
+the Abbey of Westminster, and it was disafforested in 1218. After the
+Reformation Knightsbridge was preserved to the Abbey, and still belongs
+to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster. In 1725 the name was applied to
+the fields as far south as the King's Road (Eaton Square), but after the
+building of Belgravia it was restricted to the street fronting Hyde
+Park. Facing Hyde Park Corner is St. George's Hospital, established in
+1733; the residence of the Earls of Lanesborough previously occupied the
+site. The present building was erected from designs by William Wilkins,
+R.A., in 1828, and enlarged in 1831, 1859, and 1868. In the latter year
+the south-west wing was added. The question of the removal of the
+hospital is exciting much attention at present. In connection with the
+hospital is Atkinson Morley's Convalescent Hospital at Wimbledon. The
+following celebrated doctors have been attached to this hospital:
+Matthew Baillie, 1787-1800; John Hunter, 1768-93; Sir Benjamin Brodie,
+1808-40; Sir Prescott Hewett, 1848-91.</p>
+
+<p>Facing Hyde Park a row of well-built private houses now forms St.
+George's Place (1839), which, until lately, consisted of low brick
+buildings. One of these is now being pulled down to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg&nbsp;57]</a></span> make way for the
+station of the new Piccadilly and Brompton Electric Railway. Close by is
+the Alexandra Hotel, built soon after the marriage of the present Queen,
+after whom it was named. Behind is Old Barrack Yard, which adjoined the
+old Guards Barracks, established about 1758. After being discontinued
+for troops, it was used as a depot until 1836, when the lease was sold
+and the building let out as tenements. The site is now occupied by St.
+Paul's Schools in Wilton Place. The houses beyond Wilton Place are being
+rebuilt further back to widen the roadway, which has hitherto been very
+narrow, and which during the afternoon in the season is often blocked by
+the traffic.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: Dr. Parr; No. 14, Liston, actor, d. 1846.</p>
+
+<p>Park Side, the north side of Knightsbridge, is freehold of the Dean and
+Chapter, and rented by the descendants of Mr. Gamble of Trinity Chapel.
+Shops were erected here about 1810. At the east end stood the stocks in
+1805, and in 1835, close by, a watch-house and pound. The Queen's Head,
+an old inn dating from 1576, was pulled down in 1843. Trinity Chapel
+belonged to an ancient lazar-house or hospital, held by the family of
+Glassington under the Abbey of Westminster in 1595. The chapel was
+rebuilt in 1629 and 1699, and repaired in 1789. It was entirely<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg&nbsp;58]</a></span>
+restored and remodelled in 1861 at a cost of &pound;3,300. A charity school,
+instituted about 1785, adjoined it until 1844, when it was removed and
+attached to St. Paul's. In Knightsbridge Chapel marriages were performed
+without banns or license in a manner similar to those at Mayfair Chapel.
+The most celebrated of these are: Sir Robert Walpole to Katherine
+Shorter, 1700; Henry Graham to the Countess of Derwentwater, daughter of
+Charles II., 1705.</p>
+
+<p>West of the chapel on the site of the hospital stood the Cannon Brewery,
+erected in 1804, and demolished in 1841 to make Albert Gate. The French
+Embassy, east of the gate, was built by Cubitt in 1852 for Hudson, the
+Railway King, and has lately been enlarged. The stone bridge was
+removed, and the stream arched over in 1841.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 706px;">
+<a href="images/image_005.jpg"><img src="images/thumb_image_005.jpg"
+width="706" height="600" alt="MAYFAIR DISTRICT." title="" /></a>
+<span class="caption">MAYFAIR DISTRICT.<br />
+
+Published by A. &amp; C. Black, London.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>In 1765 George II. attempted to buy the fields adjoining Buckingham
+Palace to the west, but as Granville refused to sanction the expenditure
+of &pound;20,000 for the purpose, the property was bought by Lord Grosvenor
+for &pound;30,000, and Grosvenor Place was built in 1767-70, overlooking the
+Palace gardens. It has always been a fashionable place of residence. The
+houses below St. George's Hospital were formerly small and plain. The
+best-known inhabitants were: No. 1, Dr. Lewes' School of Anatomy and
+Medicine; 4, Lord<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg&nbsp;59]</a></span> Egremont (the third); north corner of Halkin Street,
+the Earl of Carlisle, Byron's guardian.</p>
+
+<p>These houses were replaced in 1873-76 by five palatial stone houses
+built for the Duke of Grafton, Duke of Northumberland, Sir Anthony
+Rothschild, and Earl Stanhope.</p>
+
+<p>They are occupied now by: No. 1, the Wellington Club (proprietary),
+social and non-political; 2, Duke of Northumberland; 4 and 5, Lord
+Iveagh.</p>
+
+<p>At the south corner of Chapel Street stood the Lock Hospital,
+established in 1747, attached to which was a chapel, built 1764, and an
+asylum for penitent females, founded by the Rev. Thomas Scott in 1787.
+The chapel was celebrated for its preachers, which included Martin
+Madan, Thomas Scott, C. E. de C&ouml;etlogon, Dr. Dodd, Rowland Hill, etc.
+The buildings, of red brick, and very plain, were pulled down in 1846,
+and the institution removed to Harrow Road. On the site were built
+Grosvenor Place Houses, renamed 18, 19, 20, Grosvenor Place in 1875. At
+No. 20 now lives Earl Stanhope.</p>
+
+<p>In Grosvenor Row, at the south end of Grosvenor Place, stood a court
+named Osnaburgh Row (1769), after the Duke of York, who was also Bishop
+of Osnaburgh. It was cleared away about 1843. Near it stood the Duke's
+Hospital for Invalid Guards, closed in 1846 and re<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg&nbsp;60]</a></span>moved 1851. Adjoining
+it was an old inn, the Feathers.</p>
+
+<p>Other inhabitants: No. 6, Sir H. Campbell Bannerman; 15, Duke of Atholl,
+1773; 44, Hanoverian Embassy, 1859 (the King of Hanover stayed here in
+1853); 24, Bishop of Worcester, 1859; 46, Sir James Graham, 1868; 19,
+Sir Anthony Rothschild, 1859; 20, Earl Stanhope; 31, Earl Cathcart.</p>
+
+<p>The district bounded by Knightsbridge and Grosvenor Place, as far as
+Sloane Street and Ebury Street, is known as Belgravia, after Belgrave
+Square, which occupies the centre. Up to 1825 it was named the Five
+Fields, and was bare, swampy ground on which were a few market gardens.
+Only one road, the King's Road (Eaton Square), crossed it, though there
+were numerous footpaths, rendered insecure by the highwaymen and
+footpads who infested them. It was also a favourite duelling-ground. In
+1826 a special Act of Parliament empowered the owner, Lord Grosvenor, to
+drain the site, raise the level, etc., and in the course of the next few
+years Messrs. Cubitt and Seth Smith built the streets and squares which
+now rank as a fashionable centre with the neighbourhood of Grosvenor
+Square. The houses are mainly uniform in type&mdash;square, substantial,
+plaster-fronted structures, which give an aspect of monotony to the
+whole district.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg&nbsp;61]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Belgrave Square, 10 acres in extent, is 684 feet long by 637 feet wide,
+and was designed by Basevi and built by Cubitt in 1825-28. The detached
+houses in the corners are by Philip Hardwick, R.A., and H. E. Kendall
+(west side). An enclosed garden occupies the centre.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 5, General Sir George Murray, d. 1846, Earl of
+Shaftesbury, d. 1886; 15, Duke of Bedford; 16, Sir Roderick Murchison,
+geologist, d. 1871; 12 (western corner house), the late Earl Brownlow,
+Earl of Ancaster; 18, Austro-Hungarian Embassy; 23, Viscountess
+Hambledon, widow of Right Hon. W. H. Smith; 32, Admiral Earl of
+Clanwilliam.</p>
+
+<p>The south corner house was built for Mr. Kemp of Kemptown. No. 24
+General Lord Hill occupied in 1837. After his death, Lord Ducie occupied
+it till 1853; 36, H.R.H. Duchess of Kent, 1840; 37, Earl of Sefton,
+1896; 45, Duchess of Montrose, d. 1895; 48, Viscount Combermere, d.
+1891; 49 was built in 1850 for Mr. Sidney Herbert, Duke of Richmond and
+Gordon; Earl of March.</p>
+
+<p>The principal approach to Belgrave Square is by Grosvenor Crescent, a
+broad and handsome street commenced in 1837, but not completed until
+about 1860. Where is now the south-west wing of St. George's Hospital
+stood Tattersall's famous auction mart for horses, etc., and
+betting-<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg&nbsp;62]</a></span>rooms. The establishment was started by Richard Tattersall,
+trainer to the last Duke of Kingston, about 1774, and was long popularly
+known as "the Corner." It was pulled down in 1866, and removed to
+Knightsbridge Green.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 5, Lord Ashbourne; 8, Right Hon. Sir George Trevelyan,
+Bart., M.P.; 11, Duke of Leeds; 14, C. Bulkeley Barrington, M.P.; 15,
+Grosvenor Crescent Club for Ladies. Behind the north-west side of the
+Square is Wilton Crescent, with a garden in the centre, and Wilton
+Place, both built by Seth Smith between 1824 and 1828.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants, Wilton Crescent: No. 16, Right Hon. James Lowther, M.P.;
+24, Henry Hallam, d. 1859; 20, Sir George Wombwell, Bart.; 26, Lord
+Lamington; 28, Lord De Ros; 30, Lord John Russell; 37, Lord Chewton, who
+was killed at the Battle of the Alma; 39, Rev. W. J. Bennett, 1850.</p>
+
+<p>Wilton Place stands on the site of a cow-yard, and is a broad street
+with fine houses on the east side. Here is St. Paul's Church, celebrated
+for the ritualistic tendencies of its successive vicars. It was built in
+1843 by subscription on the drill ground of the old barracks, and cost
+&pound;11,000, the site being given by the Marquis of Westminster. The
+building by Cundy is handsome, in Early Perpendicular style, and has
+sittings for 1,800.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg&nbsp;63]</a></span> It was enlarged and altered in 1889 and 1892, when
+a side-chapel, by Blomfield, was added. Adjoining is the Vicarage, and
+opposite are St. Paul's National Schools.</p>
+
+<p>Here lived: No. 4, Miss Reynolds, actress; 13, Hon. Thomas Stapleton,
+antiquary; 15, Sir James Macdonald, the defender of Hougoumont, d. 1857;
+21, Mr. Westmacott.</p>
+
+<p>In the adjoining Kinnerton Street (1826), so called from one of the
+Grosvenor estates, stood the dissecting school and anatomical museum of
+St. George's Hospital, removed to the new wing in 1868. At No. 75 is an
+institute for providing and promoting humane treatment of animals,
+founded by Lady Frances Trevanion <i>circa</i> 1890. It is supported by
+voluntary contributions.</p>
+
+<p>Motcomb Street was built in 1828, and named after the property of the
+Dowager Marchioness of Westminster in Dorset.</p>
+
+<p>On the north side is the Pantechnicon, built <i>circa</i> 1834 as a bazaar
+for the sale of carriages, furniture, etc.; it had also a wine and toy
+department. It was burnt down in 1874, but has been rebuilt, and is now
+used for storing furniture, etc.</p>
+
+<p>West Halkin Street and Halkin Place on the west side, and Halkin Street
+on the east side of the Square, are named after Halkin Castle, the Duke
+of Westminster's seat in Flintshire. The<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg&nbsp;64]</a></span> first contains a chapel of
+singular shape, the northern end being wider than the southern. It was
+built by Seth Smith as an Episcopal church, but is now Presbyterian.</p>
+
+<p>Halkin Street was commenced about 1807, but until 1826 it, as well as
+the other streets leading out of Grosvenor Place, terminated in a
+mud-bank, on the other side of which were the Five Fields. On the north
+side is Mortimer House, a plain brick building standing in a courtyard.
+It was the residence of the late Earl Fitzwilliam, but is now Lord
+Penrhyn's. Next to it is Belgrave Chapel (St. John's), a proprietary
+church in Grecian style, built in 1812, with accommodation for 800. The
+remaining houses are small and unpretending, as are those in Chapel
+Street, built 1775-1811, and so called from the Lock Hospital Chapel,
+which stood at the corner of Grosvenor Place. Here lived Mr. Richard
+Jones (Gentleman Jones). No. 24, General Sir W. K. Grant, d. 1825.</p>
+
+<p>On the other side of Belgrave Square, Chesham Place (1831) leads to a
+triangular space, with a small garden in the centre. Here lived: Madame
+Vestris, 1837; No. 37, Lord John Russell; 35, Sir Charles Wood, 1851;
+29, the Russian Embassy.</p>
+
+<p>The name is taken from the seat of the Lowndes family, the ground
+landlords. In Lowndes Street lived: No. 33, Colonel Gurwood, editor of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg&nbsp;65]</a></span>
+"Wellington's Despatches"; 40, Mrs. Gore, novelist.</p>
+
+<p>In Chesham Street, at No. 7, lived Henry Parish, diplomatist.</p>
+
+<p>The feature of Lyall Street (1841) is Chesham House, at the corner, in
+which is the Russian Embassy, noted under Chesham Place. On the other
+side of Lyall Street is Lowndes Place, built about 1835. Eaton Place is
+a dull but broad and fashionable street.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: General Caulfield; Sir Robert Gardiner, Sir H. Duncan, d.
+1836; Sir Thomas Troubridge, d. 1852; No. 5, Mr. Heywood, 1859; 14, Sir
+George Grey, 1859; 15, Lord Kelvin; 18, Dr. Lushington, 1859; 26, Sir
+Erskine Perry, 1859; 38, Mr. Justice Wightman, 1859; 80, Kossuth, 1851;
+84, Duke of Atholl; 87, Sir William Molesworth, d. 1853; 93, General Sir
+Archibald Alison, Bart.; and many others.</p>
+
+<p>Off Eaton Place is West Eaton Place, where lived General Sir Peregrine
+Maitland, d. 1852.</p>
+
+<p>Belgrave Place, so named in 1879 instead of Upper Eccleston Street; and
+Upper Belgrave Street, built <i>circa</i> 1827, have the same general
+characteristics.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 2, Mrs. Gore; 3, Lord Charles Wellesley; 13, Earl of
+Munster, son of William IV., who shot himself in 1842. It is now Lord
+Harewood's residence.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg&nbsp;66]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>In Chester Street, commenced 1805, lived: No. 5, Right Hon. Sir
+Frederick Shaw, d. 1876; 7, Dr. Pettigrew, d. 1860; 12, Sir Douglas
+Galton, d. 1899; 13, Dr. Broughton, d. 1837; 27, Colonel Sibthorpe, d.
+1855.</p>
+
+<p>Wilton Street was begun in 1817. Here lived Mr. Spencer Perceval, son of
+the Minister.</p>
+
+<p>Grosvenor Place, Lower Grosvenor Place, Hobart Place, Eaton Square, and
+Clieveden Place occupy the site of the King's private road, which had
+existed before as a footpath, but was made a coach-road by Charles II.
+as a short-cut to Hampton Court. It ran along the north garden of Eaton
+Square, and crossed the Westbourne at Bloody Bridge, a name which dates
+as far back as 1590. On the north side, where is now Eaton Terrace, was
+a coppice which provided wood for the Abbey. Houses were first built on
+it about 1785, and in 1725 a turnpike existed at its junction with
+Grosvenor Place. Admission to the road was by ticket, but in 1830 it was
+thrown open to the public under the name of the King's Road. Part of
+Lower Grosvenor Place, however, was named Arabella Row in 1789, but
+became known by its present name in 1789. Here in a shabby house lived
+Lord Erskine after resigning the Lord Chancellorship in 1806.</p>
+
+<p>Hobart Place was first so called in 1836, but part of it was called
+Grosvenor Street West until<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg&nbsp;67]</a></span> 1869. It leads to Eaton Square, built by
+Cubitt in 1827-53. This is 1,637 feet long by 371 feet wide, 15 acres in
+extent, and contains six enclosed gardens. The houses are of the usual
+type. At the west end is St. Peter's Church, built in 1826 in Ionic
+style from designs by Hakewell at a cost of &pound;21,515. An altar-piece by
+Hilton, R.A., was presented by the British Institution in 1828, but was
+removed in 1877, and is now in the South Kensington Museum. After being
+nearly burnt down in 1837, it was rebuilt by Gerrard, and in 1872 a
+chancel and transepts in Byzantine style, by Sir A. Blomfield, were
+added. The nave was remodelled in 1874, and further alterations have
+been made in the last ten years at a cost of &pound;5,000. Here are buried
+Admiral Sir E. Codrington, d. 1851, and General Lord Robert Somerset,
+G.C.B. The Right Rev. G. H. Wilkinson, Bishop of St. Andrew's, was vicar
+from 1870-83.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 8, Sir R. T. Reid, K.C., M.P.; 16, Mr. Justice Willes,
+1859; 43, Lord Cottesloe; 60, Lord Sandhurst; 66<i>a</i>, Lord Walsingham,
+F.R.S.; 71, in 1809 the official residence of the Speaker; 74, Cardwell,
+1859; 75, Ralph Bernal, M.P., d. 1853, Mr. George Peabody, d. 1869,
+Viscount Knutsford; 76, Viscount Falkland; 83, Lord Chancellor Truro, d.
+1855; Lord Aberdare; 85, Sir Edward Malet, G.C.B., P.C.; 92, Admiral Sir
+Edward Codrington, d. 1851; 110,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg&nbsp;68]</a></span> General Sir A. Codrington, 1859; 114,
+Lady Baden-Powell; 115, Earl of Ellenborough, 1859, Marquis of Hertford;
+Colonel Sibthorpe, d. 1855; Jacob Omnium (Mr. J. Higgins).</p>
+
+<p>Clieveden Place, first built over in 1826, was so named in 1890 from the
+Duke of Westminster's late estate near Cookham, instead of its original
+name, Westbourne Place.</p>
+
+<p>Between Clieveden Place and Pimlico Road the streets are narrow and
+unimportant. In Westbourne Street (1826), so called from the
+neighbouring Westbourne River, stood the York Hospital for invalid
+soldiers, removed to Chatham in 1819. On the east side is a Baptist
+chapel, a plain building, erected in 1825. Skinner Street (1842) and
+Whittaker Street (1836) lead to Holbein Place, built over the
+Westbourne, and called in 1877 "the Ditch." Leading from Whittaker
+Street are Passmore Street (1837) and Union Street, containing
+industrial dwellings.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants&mdash;Chester Place: Right Hon. Charles Buller, d. 1848. Chester
+Square: No. 19, Mantell, the geologist, d. 1852; 24, the poet Shelley's
+widow, d. 1851.</p>
+
+<p>The houses in Chester Square and the neighbourhood are not so
+pretentious as those in Belgravia, but it is still a fashionable place
+of residence. In South Eaton Place, near the south end, stood the Star
+and Garter Tavern, well known<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg&nbsp;69]</a></span> about 1760. The end of this street was
+called Burton Street (1826) until 1877. In Elizabeth Street, first
+called Eliza Street in 1820, and until 1866 divided into Upper Elizabeth
+Street, Elizabeth Street, and Elizabeth Street South, stood the Dwarf
+Tavern, noted about 1760. At the south end, near St. Philip's Parochial
+Hall and Parsonage, is St. Michael's Mission House, built in 1893.
+Gerald Road, 1834 until 1885 named Cottage Road, contains the station of
+the R Division of Police.</p>
+
+<p>Eccleston Street, with which in 1866 was incorporated Eccleston Street
+South, was so called from Ecclestone in Cheshire, where the Duke of
+Westminster has property. A house on the west side inhabited by Sir
+Frances Chantrey was pulled down during the construction of the
+underground railway. On the same side is the Royal Pimlico Dispensary,
+established in 1831. Part of the east side has been rebuilt. In
+Eccleston Place is the station of the Westminster Electric Supply
+Company, which supplies this district with electric light. In Lower
+Belgrave Street (1810), the lower end of which was till 1867 named
+Belgrave Street South, are St. Peter's National Schools, a large
+red-brick building with a playground, in connection with St. Peter's,
+Eaton Square.</p>
+
+<p>At the end of Grosvenor Place great improvements were made in 1868 by
+the building<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[Pg&nbsp;70]</a></span> of Grosvenor Gardens, when Grosvenor Street West, and
+Upper and Lower Eaton Street were swept away.</p>
+
+<p>At No. 27, Upper Eaton Street, lived George Frederick Cooke, 1870; 25,
+Thomas Campbell, 1803; 19, Lower Eaton Street, Mrs. Abington, actress,
+1807, Mr. Pinkerton, 1802. The present houses are very large and
+handsome.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants: No. 1, Spanish Embassy; 46, Lord Herschell.</p>
+
+<p>On the west side, at the corner of Buckingham Palace Road, are Belgrave
+Mansions, built from designs by Cundy in 1868, a large block in French
+Renaissance style, with a frontage of nearly 300 feet. The ground-floor
+is occupied by shops, and above are five floors of flats. The centre of
+the open space is occupied by two triangular enclosed gardens, and is
+crossed by Ebury Street, once an open lane leading over the fields to
+Chelsea. Houses were built on it after 1750, and in 1779 the
+north-eastern end was named Upper Ranelagh Street and Ranelagh Street.
+The south-western end was Upper Ebury Street, but the whole was renamed
+Ebury Street in 1867. It is an uninteresting street of unpretending
+houses and shops. In Upper Ebury Street lived: Rodwell the composer;
+William Skelton, engraver, d. 1848; No. 174 is the Boys' School
+belonging to the parish of St. Barnabas.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg&nbsp;71]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>At the north-east end of Ebury Street is Victoria Square, a small square
+of plain houses built about 1837, out of which Albert Street leads to
+Grosvenor Place. In the square lived, at No. 8, Thomas Campbell,
+1841-43; 5, Earl of Mount Edgcumbe.</p>
+
+<p>At the other end, near Ebury Bridge, is Ebury Square, built about 1820
+on the site of Ebury Farm. This ancient property, which derives its name
+from the Saxon <i>ey</i>, water, and <i>burgh</i>, a fortified place, is mentioned
+in 1307, when permission was granted by Edward I. to John de Benstede to
+fortify it. In Queen Elizabeth's time it consisted of a farm of 430
+acres, let on lease for &pound;21 per annum. In 1676 it came into the
+possession of the Grosvenor family, and in 1725 embraced a long narrow
+area, reaching from Buckingham House to the Thames between the
+Westbourne and the present Westmoreland Street.</p>
+
+<p>The square was partially destroyed in 1868, but the old houses remain on
+the north-west and south sides. In the centre is a garden, and the
+ground between it and Buckingham Palace Road is occupied by St.
+Michael's National Schools, opened in 1870, a spacious building,
+accommodating about a thousand scholars; there is a large playground.
+The site had been previously occupied by the Pimlico Literary<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[Pg&nbsp;72]</a></span>
+Institution, built in 1830 from designs by J. P. Deering.</p>
+
+<p>On the remaining side a handsome block of industrial dwellings (Ebury
+Buildings) was built in 1872, when the old Flask Lane (1785) was swept
+away. The approaches on the north-west are Semley Place (1785), late
+Flask Row, and Little Ebury Street (1823). At the end of Avery Farm Row
+(probably a corruption of Ebury), opposite Ebury Bridge, is a
+drinking-fountain, erected in memory of the second Marquis of
+Westminster, d. 1869, by his widow.</p>
+
+<p>Buckingham Palace, which falls partly within St. George's district and
+partly within St. Margaret's, Westminster, has already been described in
+the volume on Westminster.</p>
+
+<p>The Royal Mews, the entrance to which is in Buckingham Palace Road,
+contains a large riding-school, a room for the state harness, stabling
+for the state and other horses, and houses for forty carriages. Here
+also are kept the old and new state coaches, the former of which was
+built in 1762 of English oak, with paintings by Cipriani, and cost
+&pound;7,660.</p>
+
+<p>Buckingham Palace Road, now a broad street with large houses and shops,
+was in 1725 an open country road, known as the coach-road to Chelsea.
+The houses in it are rated under the name of Pimlico as late as 1786,
+but rows of houses under<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[Pg&nbsp;73]</a></span> various names had been built earlier&mdash;Stafford
+Row in 1752, Queen's Row in 1766. These, with Victoria Road (1838),
+Stockbridge Terrace (1836), King's Road, Lower and Upper Belgrave Place
+and Belgrave Terrace (1826), were united under the name of Buckingham
+Palace Road in 1867, and in 1894 Union Place, Holden Terrace, and South
+Place were incorporated with it. The portion facing the Palace is named
+Buckingham Gate, and consists of seven large private houses. On this
+site, facing the Park, stood Tart Hall, the residence of Viscount
+Stafford (see "Westminster").</p>
+
+<p>Facing Grosvenor Gardens is the Grosvenor Hotel, opened in 1862 in
+connection with Victoria Station. The building, designed by Knowles, is
+272 feet long, 75 feet deep, and 150 feet high, and cost &pound;100,000.</p>
+
+<p>Beyond, on the north side, a row of large red-brick houses has been
+built since 1883, containing Buckingham Palace Mansions (flats), the
+National Training School of Cookery, and the City of Westminster Public
+Baths. Here also is St. Peter's Institute, in connection with St.
+Peter's, Eaton Square, which cost &pound;15,000. It consists of a club for 600
+men and 600 boys, with gymnasium, class-rooms, reading-room,
+concert-hall, etc.</p>
+
+<p>Buckingham Palace Gardens, also on the north side, is a row of large,
+ornamental, red-brick<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg&nbsp;74]</a></span> houses, newly erected, adjoining the Free Library
+built by Bolton and opened in 1894. On the first floor is a natural
+history collection presented by a parishioner. St. Philip's Church,
+built 1887-90, is a plain but spacious red-brick building, in Early
+English style by Brierley and Demaine, with seats (free) for 850.
+Adjoining is the Grosvenor Club and Grosvenor Hall, used for social
+entertainments, etc. Nearly the whole of the south side of the road has
+recently been demolished in view of the extension of Victoria Station.</p>
+
+<p>Inhabitants&mdash;Stafford Row: W. Ryland, engineer, executed for forgery
+1767; Mrs. Radcliffe, authoress of the "Mysteries of Udolpho"; Richard
+Yates, d. 1796. Lower Belgrave Place: No. 3, George Grote, historian
+(later 102, Buckingham Palace Road); 29 and 30, Sir Francis Chantrey,
+1814-41 (later 98, Buckingham Palace Road); 27, Allan Cunningham, poet,
+1824-42; 96, Henry Weekes, R.A. Buckingham Palace Road: E. B. Stephen,
+R.A., 1882.</p>
+
+<p>From the end of Buckingham Palace Road Chelsea was reached by the
+present Pimlico Road, so called in 1871, when the old names of Jews'
+Row, Grosvenor Row (1785), and Queen Street (1774) were abolished. The
+origin of the name Pimlico is uncertain. There was one also at Hoxton,
+where a certain Ben Pimlico kept a noted hostelry in Queen Elizabeth's
+time. It is<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[Pg&nbsp;75]</a></span> now officially used to denote the whole district south of
+Knightsbridge, but is popularly confined to the part between Chester
+Square and the Thames. It began to be sparsely inhabited in 1680, after
+which date it is mentioned occasionally in the rate-books, and regularly
+after 1739.</p>
+
+<p>On the north side, near the east end, are two narrow streets&mdash;Clifford's
+Row (1785), and King Street (1785). At the corner of Ebury Street stood
+an old inn, the Goat and Compasses, now replaced by the Three Compasses
+public-house. Further on is the Chapel of St. John the Baptist, built
+about 1850 as a chapel of ease to St. Barnabas. Adjoining is the site of
+the Chelsea Bun House, in its best days kept by Richard Hand, "who has
+the honour to serve the Royal Family." It was celebrated by Swift in
+1711, and was taken down in 1839. Opposite stood Strombelo or Stromboli
+House, a minor place of amusement, at its height in 1788. Near here Nell
+Gwynne is said to have lived, and her name is kept up by the Nell Gwynne
+Tavern and a passage called Nell Gwynne Cottages.</p>
+
+<p>Between the Pimlico and Commercial Roads are several small streets. In
+Bloomfield Place stood St. John's School for girls, established in 1859
+under the auspices of the Sisterhood of St. John; adjoining, under the
+same management, St. Barnabas' Mission House and St. Barnabas'<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[Pg&nbsp;76]</a></span>
+Orphanage, established in 1860. In Bloomfield Terrace lived at No. 1
+Captain Warner, inventor of the "long range," d. 1853.</p>
+
+<p>In Church Street (1846) stands the college of St. Barnabas, founded by
+Rev. W. J. Bennett. The buildings are of Kentish ragstone, were designed
+by Cundy, and contain a church, clergy house, and school-house with
+teacher's residence. The church, originally built as a chapel of ease to
+St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, is in Early Pointed style, and has a tower
+and spire of Caen stone 170 feet high, with ten bells. The edifice cost
+&pound;15,000, and was at the opening signalized by ritualistic disturbances.
+The schools built on the site of the Orange Tavern and tea-gardens in
+the Pimlico Road were designed for 200 boys, 200 girls, and 200 infants,
+but a separate boys' school has been since built in Ebury Street.</p>
+
+<p>Ranelagh Grove occupies the site of The Avenue, which led from Ebury
+Bridge to old Ranelagh House, but now ends in the blank wall of Chelsea
+Barracks.</p>
+
+<p>In Ranelagh Terrace (now abolished), near Ebury Bridge, d. at No. 2 the
+Rev. T. Pennington, son of Elizabeth Carter, in 1852.</p>
+
+<p>Commercial Road (1842) is occupied by works and industrial dwellings
+(Gatcliff Buildings, 1867, and Wellington Buildings). On the west side
+is the wall of Chelsea Barracks.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[Pg&nbsp;77]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>It leads by the Chelsea Bridge Road to the embankment at Victoria
+Bridge, a light and graceful suspension bridge designed by Page and
+opened in 1858. The structure, which cost &pound;88,000, is built of iron, and
+rests on piers of English elm and concrete enclosed in iron casings. The
+piers are each nearly 90 feet in length by 20 feet in width, with curved
+cutwaters. The whole bridge is 915 feet long, 715 feet between
+abutments, the centre span 347 feet, side-spans each 185 feet, and there
+is a clear water-way of 21 feet above high-water mark. The roadway is
+made by two wrought-iron longitudinal girders extending the whole length
+of the bridge, suspended by rods from the chains. Toll-houses stand at
+each end, but it was purchased in 1879 for &pound;75,000 as a free bridge.</p>
+
+<p>Near the end of the bridge stood the White House, a lonely habitation
+much used by anglers; opposite, on the Surrey side, was a similar
+building, the Red House. A short way to the east stood the Chelsea
+Waterworks, incorporated as a company in 1724, though waterworks seem to
+have existed here before that date. They extended, with the Grosvenor
+Canal and basin (now occupied by Victoria Station), over 89 acres, and
+supplied water to Chelsea, Knightsbridge, Belgravia, Pimlico, and part
+of Westminster. The company has now removed to Kingston, and the site is
+occupied by the western pumping-station<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[Pg&nbsp;78]</a></span> of the main drainage system of
+London, built 1873-75 at a cost of &pound;183,000.</p>
+
+<p>Graham Street (1827) incorporated with which in 1894 were Graham Street
+West and Gregory Street (1833), contains the Church of St. Mary the
+Virgin, a chapel of ease to St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, a red-brick
+building with a spire, built in 1872. Caroline Street (1834) is of no
+interest. Eaton Terrace (1826) was until 1884 named Coleshill Street. At
+the corner of Clieveden Place is an old proprietary chapel, Eaton
+Chapel, in Grecian style, built about 1800, with sittings for 1,200. A
+chapel existed here, however, before that date, known as the Five Fields
+Chapel.</p>
+
+<p>Chester Terrace was in 1878 amalgamated with Minera Street (1830), and
+in 1887 with Newland Street (1836).</p>
+
+<p>Chester Square is very long and narrow; it is five acres in extent, and
+was commenced about 1834. It has three enclosed gardens. At the west end
+is the handsome church of St. Michael, erected 1844-46 in the Decorated
+style from designs by Cundy. The tower has a lofty spire. The chancel
+was extended in 1874, and the building has on several occasions been
+enlarged and restored.</p>
+
+<p>Chester Place, at the east end of the square, was incorporated with it
+in 1874.</p>
+
+<p>The portion of our district lying between the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[Pg&nbsp;79]</a></span> Buckingham Palace Road
+and Grosvenor Canal and the eastern boundary forms an acute-angled
+triangle with the apex at Buckingham Palace. The streets north of
+Victoria Street, which lead into Buckingham Palace Road from the east,
+are narrow and unimportant. Here is Palace Street (1767), until 1881
+called Charlotte Street, after Queen Charlotte, the first royal occupant
+of the Palace. In it is St. Peter's Church, a plain building with seats
+for 200, which existed as Charlotte Chapel in 1770. Its most famous
+incumbent was Dr. Dodd, who was executed for forgery in 1777.
+Subsequently it was held by Dr. Dillon, who was suspended in 1840. It
+was then a proprietary chapel, but is now a chapel of ease to St.
+Peter's, Eaton Square; also St. Peter and St. Edward's Catholic Chapel.</p>
+
+<p>In Palace Place (until 1881 Little Charlotte Street) is St. Peter's
+Chapel School, established in 1830.</p>
+
+<p>The St. George's Union Workhouse, a large red-brick building, built in
+1884, stands in Wallis's Yard, off Princes Row (1767). Buckingham Palace
+(1840), Brewer Street (1811), and Allingham Street (1826) have no
+interest. The latter leads to Victoria Street, a broad thoroughfare
+opened in 1851, only the western end of which falls within the district.
+On the south side is the Victoria Station of the Metropolitan<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg&nbsp;80]</a></span> District
+Railway, commenced in 1863 and opened in 1868. The line runs in a curve
+underground from Sloane Square, crossing Ebury Street at Eaton Terrace,
+and Buckingham Palace Road at Grosvenor Gardens. From the Underground
+Station a subterranean passage leads to the Victoria terminus, the
+starting-point of the London, Brighton, and South Coast and London,
+Chatham, and Dover Railway Companies. The present station, which has no
+pretension to architectural beauty, is being greatly enlarged and partly
+rebuilt. It was built at a cost of &pound;105,000, provided by the Victoria
+Station and Pimlico Railway Company, which, having acquired 91 acres of
+land, had built a temporary station and opened the line for the two
+companies' traffic in 1860. The bridge over the Thames was built about
+the same time by Fowler, and on it is the Grosvenor Road
+ticket-collecting station. The land occupied by the railways is freehold
+of the Victoria Company, and leased by the two lines. In 1863 the lines
+of the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway were widened to enable their
+trains to come into the station independently. The lines of the London,
+Brighton, and South Coast Railway are now being extended. The station of
+the latter is a West End branch, the headquarters being at London
+Bridge; but the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway have here their
+principal start<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[Pg&nbsp;81]</a></span>ing-point. The ground between Victoria Station and the
+river occupies the site of the old manor of Neyte, which belonged to the
+Abbey of Westminster until confiscated by Henry VIII. in 1536. It was a
+favourite residence of the Abbots, and here also lived John of Gaunt,
+and here John, son of Richard, Duke of York, was born in 1448. In 1592
+the manor became a farm and passed with the Ebury Estate into the
+possession of the Grosvenor family. The manor-house stood where is now
+St. George's Row, and in Pepys' time was a popular pleasure-garden.
+Between the Willow Walk (Warwick Street) and the river were the Neat
+House Gardens, which supplied a large part of London with vegetables.
+The name lingered until the present century among the houses on the
+river-bank, and is still commemorated by Neat House Buildings in
+Ranelagh Road. The whole area was low-lying and swampy, and the
+neighbourhood of Eccleston Square was occupied by a vast osier bed. In
+1827, however, Cubitt raised the level of the district by depositing the
+earth excavated from St. Katharine's Docks, and the present houses and
+squares were gradually completed. The whole district is singularly
+uninteresting, the streets of good breadth, and the houses faced with
+plaster of the type we have seen in Belgravia. North of Belgrave Road
+the streets are occupied by the poorer classes, but the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[Pg&nbsp;82]</a></span> squares and
+principal streets in this neighbourhood are tenanted by the wealthy. The
+southern portion is dully respectable, and most of the houses are let in
+lodgings. The eastern end of Warwick Street and Lupus Street contain the
+only shops, and those of no great size or importance. The streets, with
+their principal buildings, are as follows:</p>
+
+<p>The Vauxhall Bridge Road, commenced after 1816, but first mentioned
+under that name in 1827. The following terraces were incorporated with
+it in 1865: Bedford Place (1826), Trellick Place (1826), York Place
+(1839), Pembroke Place, Gloucester Place, Windsor Terrace, Shaftesbury
+Crescent (1826), Howick Place and Howick Terrace (1826).</p>
+
+<p>Wilton Road (1833), with which, in 1890, was incorporated Wilton
+Terrace, skirts the east side of Victoria Station. In it stands the
+Church of St. John the Evangelist, a chapel of ease to St. Peter's,
+Eaton Square. It is a handsome red-brick edifice, built by Blomfield in
+1875, and it accommodates about 900. Behind, in Hudson's Place, are St.
+Peter's Mission House and parish room.</p>
+
+<p>Gillingham Street (1826), Hindon Street (1826), Berwick Street (1830),
+and St. Leonard's Street (1830) are mean and uninteresting.</p>
+
+<p>Warwick Street occupies the site of the ancient Willow Walk, a low-lying
+footpath between the cuts of the Chelsea Waterworks, where lived the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[Pg&nbsp;83]</a></span>
+notorious Aberfield (Slender Billy) and the highwaymen Jerry Abershaw
+and Maclean. It is first mentioned in the rate-books in 1723.</p>
+
+<p>Belgrave Road (1830) is a broad, well-built street, with large houses.
+In 1865 Eccleston Terrace, North and South Warwick Terrace, Upper
+Eccleston Place, and Grosvenor Terrace, were incorporated with it.
+Nearly opposite Eccleston Square is Eccleston Square Chapel
+(Congregational), in Classical style, with seats for 1,100. The railway
+is crossed by Eccleston Bridge. Eccleston Square is 4 acres in extent,
+and is long and narrow, with an enclosed garden, built in 1835.</p>
+
+<p>Warwick Square, of 3 acres, is very similar, and was built in 1843. At
+the end stands St. Gabriel's Church, built by Cundy in Early English
+style, and consecrated in 1853.</p>
+
+<p>St. George's Road is a broad street joined to Buckingham Palace Road by
+Elizabeth Bridge.</p>
+
+<p>In Gloucester Street is the Belgrave Hospital for Children, founded in
+1866 by the late Rev. Brymer Belcher, Vicar of St. Gabriel's, 1853-85.
+The objects of this charitable institution are:</p>
+
+<p>1. The medical and surgical treatment of the children of the poor.</p>
+
+<p>2. The promotion of the study of children's diseases.</p>
+
+<p>3. The training of pupil nurses.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[Pg&nbsp;84]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Clarendon Street (1858) absorbed Warwick Place in 1870. Stanley Street
+(1851) was renamed Alderney Street in 1879, Winchester Street 1852,
+Cumberland Street 1852.</p>
+
+<p>Ebury Bridge is the oldest of the bridges over the railway and canal. It
+was known in early days as Chelsea, and afterwards as Waterworks Bridge,
+a wooden structure. A turnpike existed here until 1825. At the south end
+stood Jenny's Whim, a celebrated tavern and pleasure-garden, perhaps
+named from the name of the proprietress and the fantastic way it was
+laid out. It was in the height of its popularity about 1750, and came to
+an end <i>circa</i> 1804. When the railway was widened in 1863 all vestiges
+of it were swept away.</p>
+
+<p>St. George's Row was built as Monster Row <i>circa</i> 1785, and renamed in
+1833. Here was the site of the manor-house of Neyte. The Monster
+public-house commemorates the old Monster tavern and garden, the name
+being probably a corruption of monastery.</p>
+
+<p>At the corner of Warwick Street are the Pimlico Rooms, containing a hall
+for entertainments, etc., and occupied by the Ebury Mission and Pimlico
+day-school for boys, girls, and infants. Adjoining the railway is a
+double row of industrial dwellings, built by the trustees of the Peabody
+fund under the name of Peabody's Buildings.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[Pg&nbsp;85]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Westmoreland Street (1852) contains the Pimlico chapel for United Free
+Methodists.</p>
+
+<p>Lupus Street (1842) is named after Hugh Lupus, Earl of Chester, an
+ancestor of the Duke of Westminster. It contains a hospital for women
+and children.</p>
+
+<p>At the eastern end is St. George's Square (1850), a long narrow space
+reaching to the river with an enclosed garden in the centre. The houses
+are large. At No. 9 Sir J. Barnby d. 1896.</p>
+
+<p>At the north end is St. Saviour's Church, built in 1864 from designs by
+Cundy in a Decorated Gothic style. It has sittings for 1,834, and was
+restored in 1882. To the east are Pulford Street (1848) and Aylesford
+Street, in which is St. Saviour's Mission House, built by the Duke of
+Westminster at a cost of &pound;4,000. It serves also for parochial meetings.
+Here also are the works of the Equitable Gas Company, established 1830.</p>
+
+<p>In Claverton Street (1852) is a Methodist Wesleyan chapel, in Classical
+style, with seats for 1,000.</p>
+
+<p>In Glasgow Terrace (1851), formerly Caledonia Street, are St. Saviour's
+and St. Gabriel's National Schools. This neighbourhood contains many
+works and offices, the largest of which is Taylor's repository for
+storing property. Along the river runs the Grosvenor Road, part of the
+Thames<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[Pg&nbsp;86]</a></span> Embankment. The houses built on and near it were generally known
+in the last century as the Neat Houses. Terraces with various
+names&mdash;Albion Terrace, Pier Terrace, Erin Place (1826), Thames Parade
+(1827), Thames Bank (1828)&mdash;were incorporated with the road in recent
+years. Facing the river is All Saints' Church, a chapel of ease to St.
+Gabriel's, by Cundy, built <i>circa</i> 1870 to replace a mission church;
+opposite it is the Pimlico Pier for river steamboats. Adjoining St.
+George's Square is the Army Clothing Factory, established in 1857 in the
+Vauxhall Bridge Road as an experiment to provide labour for women. The
+present establishment was opened in 1859, and has since been largely
+increased, occupying a space of about 7 acres. The east block is the
+Government store, the west the factory, the centre of which is occupied
+by a glass-roofed hall, three stories high, surrounded by spacious
+galleries.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 398px;">
+<a href="images/image_006.jpg"><img src="images/thumb_image_006.jpg" width="398" height="600" alt="BELGRAVIA DISTRICT." title="" /></a>
+<span class="caption">BELGRAVIA DISTRICT.
+<br />
+Published by A. &amp; C. Black, London.</span>
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[Pg&nbsp;87]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PADDINGTON" id="PADDINGTON"></a>PADDINGTON<br />
+<span class="smcap" style="font-size: 75%; font-weight: normal;">By G. E. Mitton</span></h2>
+
+
+<h3><i>Derivation.</i></h3>
+
+<p>The origin of the word Paddington is very obscure. Mr. Edwards in his
+"Names of Places" gives "Pad, padi, A.S. equivalent to Paeda, King of
+Mercia; hence Paddington, the town of Paeda's descendants."</p>
+
+<p>Paddington is not mentioned in Domesday Book.</p>
+
+<p>The boundaries of the borough of Paddington are not quite coterminous
+with those of the parish. It is true that the alteration is not great.
+On the east Edgware Road and Maida Vale still mark the limits with a
+line as straight as that drawn by a ruler. On the south Bayswater Road
+serves a similar purpose as far as the Serpentine, where the boundary
+dips to include part of the Gardens; these are the same as the old
+boundaries. The present line, however, returns northward up the Broad
+Walk to Bayswater Road instead of up Kensington Palace Gardens. From
+Bayswater Road it follows Ossington Street, Chepstow Place, Westbourne
+Grove, Ledbury Road, St. Luke's Road, and crosses the railway lines
+northward to Kensal Road, having from the Bayswater Road been either a
+little within or without<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[Pg&nbsp;88]</a></span> the parish line, doubtless so drawn for
+convenience' sake, as it follows streets and not an arbitrary division.
+From Kensal Hall the line follows the canal to Kensal Green Cemetery,
+and, going northward, returns east along Kilburn Lane, thus including a
+bit of ground previously owned by Chelsea. From Kilburn Lane the
+northern boundary dips down between Salisbury Crescent and Malvern Road,
+and up again by Kilburn Park Road; in this last part it remains
+unaltered.</p>
+
+<p>The Westbourne stream formerly ran right through the district. It rose
+in Hampstead, flowed through Kilburn, and followed the trend of the
+present Cambridge and Shirland Roads, though keeping on the east side of
+the place where these streets now stand. It crossed the Harrow Road, and
+ran on the west side of the present Gloucester Terrace until it reached
+the Uxbridge Road. It fed the Serpentine, and, crossing the road at
+Knightsbridge, formed the eastern boundary of the Chelsea parish.</p>
+
+<p>A stream somewhat similar in course was the Tyburn, which also rose at
+Hampstead, but flowed through the parish of Marylebone, the ancient
+Tyburnia. This was considerably to the east of Paddington, and has been
+treated in the Marylebone section. Oxford Street was the ancient Tyburn
+Road, and the gallows stood opposite the Marble Arch.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[Pg&nbsp;89]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>In Rocque's map (1748) only the Westbourne is marked, but we see Tyburn
+Turnpike at the junction of the Edgware Road, and near by "the stone
+where soldiers are shot." These things do not belong properly to
+Paddington, but are too intimately connected with it to be passed over
+without comment. The Edgware Road itself is the old Watling Street,
+which was continued at first down Park Lane to the ford at Westminster,
+and which afterwards, when London Bridge was built, followed the course
+of Oxford Street and Holborn to the Bridge. Edgware was the name of the
+first town through which it passed after the forests of Middlesex.
+Newcourt says "the parish of Edgeware or Edgeworth consisteth of one
+main street ... ten miles north-westward from London."</p>
+
+<p>In Rocque's 1748 map the district is nearly all open ground; part of the
+Harrow Road is marked, and there are a few houses on it near the Edgware
+Road. The Green Lane, now Warwick Road, runs into it from the north. The
+Pest House is marked prominently about where the chapel stands in Craven
+Terrace in the south of the parish. Below is marked "Bayswatering."
+Queen's Road is Westbourne Green Lane, and the green itself is very
+nearly where Royal Oak Station now stands. About it there are a few
+scattered houses.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[Pg&nbsp;90]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><i>History.</i></h3>
+
+<p>"King Edgar gave the Manor of Paddington to Westminster Abbey;" this
+Lysons affirms without any comment. Dart varies the tradition slightly
+by asserting that it was Dunstan and not the King who presented the
+manor to the Abbey. But later writers have thrown discredit on both
+statements. Paddington is not mentioned in the Conqueror's Survey, which
+points to the fact that it was not at that date a separate manor.
+Robins, on the authority of the Rev. Richard Widmore, for many years
+librarian to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, boldly states that the
+documents supposed to prove this gift are undoubted forgeries.</p>
+
+<p>Newcourt says, "the Manor and Rectory of Paddington (which of old did
+belong to the monastery of Westminster)," etc. The first authentic
+mention of the manor is in a document "in the thirty-first year of Henry
+II.," drawn up between "Walter Abbot of Westminster and Richard and
+William de Padinton, brothers, touching the entire tenement which they
+held in Padinton of the Church of Westminster," whereby they gave up
+their hold on the land in consideration of a sum of money. This Abbot
+Walter gave, we are told, the manor of Paddington for the celebration of
+the anniversary of the day on which he died.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[Pg&nbsp;91]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>For this festival</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"the manor of Paddington is put wholly into the hands of the
+Almoner ... and whatsoever shall be the final overplus shall be
+expended charitably in distribution to the poor. On the day of
+celebration the Almoner is to find for the Convent fine manchets,
+cakes, crumpets, cracknells, and wafers, and a gallon of wine for
+each friar, with three good pittances, or doles, with good ale in
+abundance at every table, and in the presence of the whole
+brotherhood: in the same manner upon other occasions the cellarer
+is bound to find beer at the usual feasts or anniversaries on the
+great tankard of twenty-five quarts.</p>
+
+<p>"He shall also provide most honourably and in all abundance for the
+guests that dine in the refectory, bread, wine, beer, and two
+dishes out of the kitchen besides the usual allowance. And for the
+guests of higher rank who sit at the upper table under the bell,
+with the president, ample provision shall be made as well as for
+the Convent: and cheese shall be served on that day to both.</p>
+
+<p>"Agreement shall likewise be made with the cook for vessels,
+utensils, and other necessaries, and not less than two shillings
+shall be given over above for his own gratification and indulgence.
+The Almoner is likewise to find for all comers in general, from the
+hour when the memorial of the anniversary is read to the end of the
+following day, meat, drink, hay and provender of all sorts in
+abundance: and no one either on foot or horseback during that time
+shall be denied admittance at the gate."</p></div>
+
+<p>There are further provisions for allowances to the nuns at "Kilborne,"
+and 300 poor who were to have a "loaf of mixed corn" and a "pottle of
+ale." The above is taken from Dr. Vincent's translation of the MS. He
+was Dean of Westminster in 1804. Mr. Loftie says: "Westbourne was
+probably at a very early period separated from the original manor of the
+Church of St. Peter.... Of Paddington we only know that it<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[Pg&nbsp;92]</a></span> was
+separated from the manor of Westminster at some time between Domesday
+Survey and the middle of the twelfth century. It was restored to its
+original owners ... by the above mentioned agreement between Abbot
+Walter and the brothers Padinton."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Loftie says also that Westbourne and Paddington are named together
+in 1222 among the possessions of St. Margaret's. He is unable to
+ascertain how the manor of Westbourne came to belong to the Abbot of
+Westminster. In the reign of the second Edward several inquisitions of
+land were made which are quoted by Robins in his "Paddington, Past and
+Present." In one we find mentioned "that Walter de Wenlock [a second
+Abbot Walter] had acquired to himself and his house ... twelve acres of
+land in Padinton of William de Padinton, and three and a half acres of
+Hugh de Bakere of Eye, and thirteen acres of land in Westbourn of John
+le Taillour, and eleven acres of land there of Matilda Arnold, and two
+acres of land there of Juliana Baysevolle, after the publication of the
+statute edited concerning the nonplacing of lands in mortmain, and not
+before. And they (the commissioners) say that it is not to the damage
+nor prejudice of the Lord the King, nor of others, if the king grant to
+the Prior and Convent of Westminster that the Abbots of that place for
+the time being may<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[Pg&nbsp;93]</a></span> recover and hold the aforesaid messuages and land to
+them and their successors for ever."</p>
+
+<p>But the Abbot had to pay the King a small yearly sum, and cause certain
+services of reaping and ploughing to be performed for him, which showed
+that he held the land in some sense subject to the Crown. In Henry
+VII.'s reign his mother, the Countess of Richmond, bought certain lands
+in Kensington, Willesden, Paddington, and Westbourne. She left the
+greater part of her possessions to Westminster, so that the Abbey lands
+in this vicinity must have been increased. The manor acquired by the
+Countess seems to have consisted chiefly of two farms&mdash;Notting Barns in
+Kensington, and "Westborne" in Paddington; the former is fully dealt
+with in the section devoted to Kensington. Besides the lands left to the
+Abbey, she bequeathed part of her possessions to the Universities of
+Oxford and Cambridge.</p>
+
+<p>In the account of the Church property which fell into Henry VIII.'s
+hands at the dissolution of the monasteries we find mentioned
+"Westborne."</p>
+
+<p>King Henry also held other lands here, which he had obtained by exchange
+or purchase. He made Paddington a part of the endowment of the new See
+of Westminster. After the abolition of that See Edward VI. gave "the
+mannor and rectory of Paddington" to Dr. Nicholas Ridley,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[Pg&nbsp;94]</a></span> then Bishop
+of London, "and his successors for ever" (Newcourt).</p>
+
+<p>Westbourne remained in the possession of the Dean and Chapter of
+Westminster; thus the two manors parted company. Paddington was
+confiscated during the Commonwealth, but was claimed by Bishop Sheldon
+at the Restoration. It was restored to him, and he let it to his nephew,
+Sir Joseph Sheldon, knight, and Daniel Sheldon. It was held by the
+Sheldon family until 1740, when it was let by Gibson, the Bishop of
+London, to Sir John Frederick, in whose family it remained for many
+generations.</p>
+
+
+<h3><i>Perambulations.</i></h3>
+
+<p>A survey of London in 1827 shows us very few streets in the quarter to
+the south of Praed Street and east of Westbourne Terrace and Street.
+Connaught Square and Connaught Place are marked, and the curious
+rectangular piece of ground of about 5 acres belonging to St. George's,
+Hanover Square. This was bought by St. George's Vestry in 1764, when the
+land was surrounded by fields, and was suitable for a cemetery. Among
+others buried there was Laurence Sterne, whose body is said to have been
+exhumed by body-snatchers. But this ground does not belong to
+Paddington. In the above-mentioned survey Cambridge Street is<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[Pg&nbsp;95]</a></span> Sovereign
+Street, and the oval piece with Southwick Crescent at one end is Polygon
+Crescent, a name now only retained in Polygon Mews.</p>
+
+<p>Hyde Park Gardens is marked "Intended Crescent," but except in the
+triangular corner, now bounded by Cambridge and Albion Streets, there
+are few houses.</p>
+
+<p>Cambridge Street and Oxford and Cambridge Terraces and Squares preserve
+in their names the memory of the gift of the Countess of Richmond to
+those universities.</p>
+
+<p>In Southwick Crescent stands St. John's Church, built originally in
+1826, and then known as Connaught Chapel. In 1832 a district was
+allotted to the chapel. In 1844 a portion of this was transferred to the
+new church of St. James. Four years later St. John's obtained a portion
+of the chapelry district, and in 1859 the district itself was made into
+a new parish. Part of the new parish was transferred to St. Michael and
+All Angels in 1864. The church is in a late Gothic style. It was
+completely renovated during 1895, when the present reredos was added.</p>
+
+<p>In Titchborne Road are St. John's Schools. In Junction Mews, off Sale
+Street, is a boatmen's chapel. In Market Street is one of the Dudley
+Stuart night refuges for the destitute. And to the north, in Praed
+Street, is a small Baptist tabernacle with painted front, and further
+west<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[Pg&nbsp;96]</a></span>ward the church and schools of St. Michael and All Angels. The
+church was built in 1862; it is in the Decorated style, and the
+architect was Mr. Hawkins. Its predecessor was a chapel of ease to St.
+John's, but in 1859 the district was made separate. The organ is by
+Hill.</p>
+
+<p>In Norfolk Square we find All Saints' Church. This has been lately
+rebuilt, having been burnt down on May 31, 1894. The old church was
+consecrated on All Saints' Day, 1847, and its architecture is described
+as having been "Gothic of the eleventh century." The first architect was
+Mr. Clutton. The building was restored and the chancel added in 1873
+from Mr. J. Brooks's designs.</p>
+
+<p>The new church is striking, being of red brick with terra-cotta
+mouldings over the doors and windows. The architect was Ralph Nevill,
+F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A. The old walls that remained have been engrafted into
+the new building. The organ is by Hill. The floor of the church is of
+mosaic, and stalls, screens, and nave seats are of Burmese wood, called
+padouk. The church is lit by electric light.</p>
+
+<p>In the 1827 map a spot at the extreme end of Stanhope Street, just where
+it touches Westbourne Street, is marked Archery Ground, and a little to
+the north, at the corner of Bathhurst Street, are "Bagnigge Wells,"
+probably named<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[Pg&nbsp;97]</a></span> after the more famous Bagnigge Wells, near Gray's Inn
+Road.</p>
+
+<p>In Maitland's "History of London" we are told that in the year 1439 the
+Abbot of Westminster granted to the Mayor and citizens of London one
+head of water containing twenty-six perches in length and one in
+breadth, together with all its springs in the manor of Paddington, for
+which two peppercorns were to be paid annually. In these wells of water
+we have the origin of the latter part of the word Bayswater. Some
+writers affirm that the name originated in a public-house kept by a Mr.
+Bays, where horses were given water, hence the more ancient rendering
+"Bayswatering." Lysons says of it, "The springs at this place lie near
+the surface, and the water is very fine." He adds, "The conduit at
+Bayswater belongs to the City of London, and, being conveyed by brick
+drains, supplies the houses in and about Bond Street, which stand upon
+the City lands."</p>
+
+<p>Robins quotes an Act (49 George III.) in which "Byard's Watering Place"
+is mentioned in Tyburn.</p>
+
+<p>In George III.'s reign the mayor and citizens were empowered by an Act
+of Parliament to see their water rights at Bayswater, which was done for
+the sum of &pound;2,500.</p>
+
+<p>Robins says that a Juliana Baysbolle held land in Westbourne, and
+conjectures that the former<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[Pg&nbsp;98]</a></span> part of her name may have descended to the
+place. He adds: "At the end of the fourteenth century we find from
+Tanner's note, before quoted, that the head of water given by the Abbot
+was called Baynard's Watering Place; and although this may have been the
+name used in legal documents for the district surrounding it, yet
+Bayswatering has been the name used by the people."</p>
+
+<p>From the springs doubtless arose the names of Brook's Mews, Conduit
+Mews, Spring Street West, and Eastbourne Terraces.</p>
+
+<p>Bayswatering is marked on Rocque's 1748 map at a spot nearly due south
+of Christ Church. St. James's Church was built and made parochial in
+1845. Loftie says that then "the parish for the fourth time changed its
+patron and reverted to its former saint."</p>
+
+<p>The old parish church will be noticed at Paddington Green, on which it
+stands. The new church of St. James's, one of the finest modern churches
+in London, was rebuilt, with the exception of the tower and spire, in
+1882, the material used being flint, and the design was the last of G.
+E. Street's. The chancel is now at the west end, having been transformed
+at the time of rebuilding. There are some very fine stained-glass
+windows, and the organ is by Hill. The walls of the chancel and nave are
+faced with<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[Pg&nbsp;99]</a></span> Devonshire marble, and the pulpit and font are of the same
+material. The reredos, of the Last Supper, is a marble bas-relief. The
+old registers are now held by St. James's, and contain some interesting
+entries, notably those referring to burials in the time of the Great
+Plague. Among other items there are the following, which, it must be
+remembered, really refer to the old church:</p>
+
+<p>"William Hogarth, esq., and Jane Thornhill of St. Paul's, Covent Garden,
+married March 23, 1729."</p>
+
+<p>"Joseph Francis Nollekens, buried Jan. 24, 1747." This was the father of
+the famous sculptor.</p>
+
+<p>"Sarah Siddons, buried June 11th, 1831."</p>
+
+<p>On the east side of Craven Terrace is a finely-built Congregational
+Church. This is in a decorated style, with a large wheel window and
+elaborately ornamented pinnacles. It was built between forty and fifty
+years ago, and contains seats for about 700 people. St. James's Schools
+are opposite. Craven Terrace and Hill, and Hill Gardens, recall the
+memory of the fine old Earl Craven, who remained in London during the
+1665 plague, when most of those able to do so had fled. He married the
+titular Queen of Bohemia, a daughter of James I., whom he had loved
+devotedly all his life.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[Pg&nbsp;100]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The pest-house marked so prominently on Rocque's map was almost on the
+site of the present Craven Terrace Chapel. Lord Craven gave a site at
+Soho for the purpose of a burial-ground, having seen the difficulty
+attending burial after the plague of 1665, and also for a cottage
+hospital for the suburbs. When this site was built over, he gave another
+site, presumably the pest-house marked by Rocque. Lysons says, "which if
+London should ever again be visited by the plague is still subject to
+the said use"&mdash;a sentence which reads quaintly in these days of the
+Intramural Burials Act.</p>
+
+<p>Lord Craven's own house was further westward. Lysons says: "Lord Craven
+has an estate in this parish, called Craven Hill, on which is a small
+hamlet very pleasantly situated." It was to Lord Craven's house Queen
+Anne first took her little son on account of his health, but, finding it
+too small for the numerous retinue, she afterwards removed to Campden
+House. Christ Church, in Lancaster Gate, is in a decorated style of
+Gothic. It was consecrated July 17, 1855, and the architects were
+Messrs. F. and H. Francis. It contains a very fine marble pulpit, and a
+fresco reredos, enclosed in a heavy stone setting. Though Paddington is
+of such modern date, the streets are not conveniently built; it is
+frequently necessary to walk the whole length<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[Pg&nbsp;101]</a></span> of a street or terrace
+for lack of a cross-cut into a parallel one, and this is particularly
+noticeable just at this part. In Queen's Road there is a United
+Methodist Free Church, built in 1868 of white brick with stone facings.
+It has an open arcade on to the street. The interior is circular, and
+seats about 900 persons. In the Bayswater Road are many palatial houses
+facing Kensington Gardens. Orme Square, on the north side of the road,
+was built in 1815, and is therefore ancient for Paddington. It was
+doubtless named after Mr. Edward Orme, of Bayswater, who built a chapel
+at his own expense in Petersburgh Place 1818. In Petersburgh Place there
+is a large red-brick synagogue in the Byzantine style. It was opened in
+March, 1879. The walls are lined with slabs of alabaster set in marble,
+and the details of the fittings are rich in gilding. The pillars are of
+light-green marble from the quarries near Sion in the Rhone Valley.
+These decorations are the result of many separate memorial gifts.
+Further northward, on the west side of Petersburgh Place, is the fine
+church of St. Matthew, consecrated on May 20, 1882. The church contains
+1,550 seats, of which 355 are free. The church is in an Early English
+style, and has an immensely high spire. Westward is what was known as
+the Shaftesbury House Estate, through which Palace Court now runs.
+Lysons says "Little Shaftesbury House in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[Pg&nbsp;102]</a></span> this parish (near Kensington
+gravel pits), the seat of Ambrose Godfrey, Esq., is said to have been
+built by the Earl of Shaftesbury, author of the 'Characteristics,' or
+his father the Chancellor."</p>
+
+<p>The borough boundary turns out of Kensington Gardens in Palace Gardens,
+and, crossing the Bayswater Road, goes up northward between Ossington
+Street and Clanricarde Gardens. North of Moscow Road there is a Greek
+church of St. Sophia, built of red brick with a high central dome.</p>
+
+<p>There is a small Baptist chapel at the back of Porchester Gardens.
+Across the Queen's Road there are St. Matthew's Parochial Schools, built
+in 1831, enlarged 1861. Further northward in Queen's Road are the
+capacious buildings of the Paddington Public Baths and Washhouses,
+erected at a cost of &pound;40,000.</p>
+
+<p>Holy Trinity Church, in Bishop's Road, was consecrated July 30, 1846,
+and considerably renovated in 1893. It is a very handsome church, of
+Kentish ragstone, in the Perpendicular style, with quatrefoil parapet,
+ornamental pinnacles and spire. The site on which it stands was formerly
+a deep hole, and consequently the cost of foundations alone came to
+&pound;2,000.</p>
+
+<p>Almost on the spot where Royal Oak Station now is was once the rural
+Westbourne Green, companion to Paddington Green further eastward.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[Pg&nbsp;103]</a></span> In
+Rocque's time there were a few scattered houses here. At Westbourne
+Farm, which stood until about 1860, Mrs. Siddons lived for some time.
+Lysons says: "A capital messuage called Westbourne Place, with certain
+lands thereto belonging, was granted by Henry VIII. anno 1540 to Robert
+White. This estate was some years ago the property of Isaac Ware, the
+architect (editor of Palladio's works and other professional
+publications), who, with the materials brought from Lord Chesterfield's
+house in Mayfair (which he was employed to rebuild), erected the present
+mansion called Westbourne Place a little to the south of the old house,
+which was suffered to stand several years longer. Westbourne Place was
+sold by Ware's executors to Sir William Yorke, Bart., Lord Chief Justice
+of the Common Pleas in Ireland, who resided there a short time and
+afterwards let it to a Venetian Ambassador. In the year 1768 he sold it
+to Jukes Coulson, Esq., who expended a very considerable sum in
+enlarging the house and laying out the grounds. The library which he
+added to the house is said to have cost about &pound;1,500. The situation is
+extremely pleasant, and so uncommonly retired that a person residing
+here could hardly conceive himself to be in a parish adjoining that of
+St. George's, Hanover Square." The vast meshes of the railway network at
+present on the spot are in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[Pg&nbsp;104]</a></span> eloquent contrast to the above. Further down
+in the Porchester Road is the Westbourne Park Chapel, a red-brick
+building in the Pointed or Gothic style, built in 1876.</p>
+
+<p>To the south, near Westbourne Grove, lies St. Thomas's Church, a
+temporary iron building. Close by is a Presbyterian church named St.
+Paul's. It is faced with Kentish ragstone, and was consecrated 1862. In
+the Artesian Road is a Roman Catholic church, St. Mary of the Angels,
+consecrated on July 2, 1857, but since enlarged three times. The
+architect of the latter portions was J. F. Bentley. There is in the
+interior a fine painting of St. Anthony of Padua, supposed to be a
+genuine Murillo. The schools in connection are on the south side. In
+Westbourne Park Road is St. Stephen's Church. The organ is by Hill. At
+the north end of Westbourne Park Road are national schools.</p>
+
+<p>St. Paul's Church and schools stand in Marlborough Street. The church
+was built in 1873, and is of earth-brick, without spire or tower. This
+part of Paddington is considerably cut up both by the railway and canal.
+Crossing the latter at the Lock Bridge, we see the Lock Hospital and
+Asylum standing on the west side of the road. The hospital was
+established in 1737, and the asylum in 1787. Adjoining the hospital is
+the workhouse, occupying with its infirmary about<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[Pg&nbsp;105]</a></span> 5 acres. The
+workhouse has 623 beds, and the infirmary 280. All the wards are here
+and all the paupers except the school-children. Beyond the workhouse
+still remain some nursery gardens, and in the continuation of the Harrow
+Road is a Roman Catholic church, the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes and
+St. Vincent de Paul, of Kentish ragstone with a wheel window in the east
+end. The foundation-stone was laid in 1878, and it was opened in 1882 as
+a private chapel. In 1893 it was opened to the public. The altar and
+altar-rails are of white Carrara marble inlaid with malachite. In
+connection with the church next door is the St. Vincent's Home for boys.
+This was begun by a railway clerk, and passed into the hands of the
+Brotherhood of St. Vincent de Paul. Lord Douglas took up the work,
+established the home in its present position, and built the church. In
+1889 St. Joseph's Home, Enfield, was amalgamated with St. Vincent's. The
+home contains 100 boys, received between the years of twelve and
+sixteen, who are taught various trades by which to earn their own
+living. Further on in the Harrow Road, opposite Ashmore Road, is
+Emmanuel Church, built of brick in a plain Pointed style. The
+foundation-stone was laid in 1886. The schools in connection are next
+door.</p>
+
+<p>The new bit of Paddington at Kensal Green requires little comment;
+chapels, schools, and St.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[Pg&nbsp;106]</a></span> John's Church break the monotony of dreary
+streets. In fact, all this part of northern Paddington, though varying
+in the width of streets and the class of its houses, contains nothing of
+any interest. We must now return southward and eastward to what is known
+as Church Ward, which contains nearly all that is most interesting of
+old Paddington. The old parish church, named St. Mary's, stands to the
+north of the Harrow Road. It is a small building of earth-brick in the
+form of a Maltese cross, with a cupola in the centre, supposed to have
+been designed after a Greek model. The side fronting the road has a
+portico, and on the south and west walls there are curious niches formed
+by bricks. The interior is heavy and ugly, with a massive circular
+gallery running round three sides. The pulpit stands right over the
+central aisle, supported by the steps on one side and the reading-desk
+on the other, making thus a curious arch under which everyone must pass
+to reach the Communion rails; it is of mahogany which has been painted,
+and the figures of Dutch oak on the panels are supposed to be Flemish
+work. The church holds about 800 persons. There are many monuments and
+tablets on the walls, but only two worthy of note: one in memory of Mrs.
+Siddons, who is buried in the churchyard, on the north side of the
+chancel; one to Nollekens the sculptor, who<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[Pg&nbsp;107]</a></span> died 1823, on the south
+side of the chancel. This is a bas-relief of a man seated by the side of
+a pallet or bench, on which rests a woman holding a baby; behind, an
+angel, representing Religion, points upward. The apparently irrelevant
+subject excited much comment until an explanation was suggested. In the
+Howard Chapel of Wetherall Church, in Cumberland, there is a sculptured
+monument in memory of one of the ladies of the Howard family who died in
+childbirth. The bas-relief over Nollekens' tomb is the facsimile of this
+sculpture, with the exception of the male figure in the foreground. The
+sculpture was executed by Nollekens himself, and is supposed to be one
+of his masterpieces. The monument to Nollekens is, therefore, obviously
+representative of the sculptor himself executing this great work. The
+present church was built in 1791, and stands on the site of a pond. Its
+predecessor was dedicated to St. James, a saint to whom the present
+parish church has returned, and stood a little to the northward on the
+site of the present right of way.</p>
+
+<p>But this itself was only the successor of a still more ancient building,
+of which Newcourt says: "As to the church here, I guess it was dedicated
+to St. Katharine, because, before the old church was pulled down, I
+observed the picture of St. Katharine to be set up in painted glass at
+the top of the middle panel of the east window in the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[Pg&nbsp;108]</a></span> chancel.... The
+church was but small, and being very old and ruinous, was, about the
+year 1678, pulled down, and new-built from the ground at the cost and
+charges of Sir Joseph Sheldon, knight, sometime Lord Mayor of the City
+of London, and his brother, Mr. Daniel Sheldon, then Lessees of the
+Mannor of Paddington."</p>
+
+<p>These Sheldons were the nephews of the Bishop Sheldon to whom the manor
+was restored at the Restoration in 1661. Newcourt tells us that before
+the Parliament had seized it the church was a donative or curacy in the
+gift of the Bishop of London; that the pension of the curate was but &pound;28
+per annum. This was increased by Bishop Sheldon to &pound;80, and the larger
+sum was fixed by Act of Parliament, and the lessee was bound by his
+lease to pay the Vicar &pound;80 a year. The first curate mentioned is one
+"Griffin Edwards, A.B., licentiat., December 18, 1598." The churchyard
+proper only comprises about 1 acre of land, but the old burial-ground,
+including the site of the older church, adjoins to the northward and
+includes 3 acres. This was laid out as a public garden in 1885. The
+freehold rests with the Vicar of Paddington. On the east side, above the
+centre pathway, is a flat stone to the memory of Mrs. Siddons, who died
+1831, aged 76. On it are three glazed vases added later by the parish.
+In the same vault is buried Mrs. Martha Wilkin<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[Pg&nbsp;109]</a></span>son, her dresser, who
+died in 1847, and was laid here by her own especial request. On the west
+side, below the centre path, is a flat stone to the memory of one John
+Hubbard, who lived from 1554 to 1665, and therefore reached the
+patriarchal age of 111 years. The churchyard also contains the remains
+of Collins, an artist, who painted English coast scenery; Dr. Geddes,
+translator of the historical books of the Old Testament; Banks, the
+sculptor, 1805; Nollekens; the Marquis of Lansdowne; Vivares, the
+engraver, 1780. The churchyard was enlarged in 1753, when Sherlock was
+Bishop of London, and further in 1810, when the piece of ground at the
+north-east corner, which is marked on a map of the beginning of the
+nineteenth century "Manor House," was enclosed. To the east of the
+church is the famous Paddington Green, now shrunk to very small
+dimensions. A statue of Mrs. Siddons in white marble has been erected on
+Paddington Green. The statue was designed by M. Chavalliand, and
+executed by Messrs. Brindley. The total cost was about &pound;450.</p>
+
+<p>In Greville House, which stands on the north side of the Green, Emma,
+afterwards Lady Hamilton, lived for four years under the protection of
+the Hon. Charles Greville, to whom her mother was housekeeper. None of
+the other houses now standing are old enough to merit com<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[Pg&nbsp;110]</a></span>ment.
+Paddington House, "a handsome brick structure," built by Denis Chirac,
+who had been jeweller to Queen Anne, formerly stood on the east side of
+the Green, near to Harrow Road. He entered upon his residence here in
+1753. At the corner of Church Street, on the Green, stands the
+Children's Hospital, a large red-brick building. The origin of this was
+a Free Dispensary for Sick Children, opened in 1862 in Lisson Grove by
+two medical men. Relief was afforded to 20,000 children during the first
+six years of the work, which was carried on under the management of a
+medical committee. In 1869 a building fund was suggested. But it was in
+1881, by the earnest work of Mr. George Hanbury, that practical steps
+were taken for the establishment of a small hospital. In 1883 the
+freehold of the land at the corner of Church Street was purchased, and
+the buildings standing there were adapted for the purpose. Further
+ground was bought at the back in 1885, and an out-patient department
+established. In 1890, owing to the pressure of applications for
+in-patients, it was decided to build a new wing. However, for sanitary
+reasons, it was considered better to pull down the old building and
+entirely rebuild the hospital. The children then in the hospital were
+temporarily sent to Harrow, and the new building was commenced in 1894,
+and was reopened in June, 1895. An interesting old<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[Pg&nbsp;111]</a></span> shop at the corner
+of Church Street was pulled down to make way for it. It contains all
+modern improvements, including electric light and cooking by gas. There
+is an isolation ward for any infectious illness which may break out, and
+two large, bright wards for the ordinary patients. The walls of these
+are lined with glazed bricks and tiles, and one of the wards contains
+large tile-work pictures representing well-known fairy tales. Boys are
+received up to the age of twelve, and girls to fourteen years. Babes of
+even three and four days are admitted. The out-patients' department is
+entirely free, no letter of any sort being required. The payment of a
+nominal fee of a penny to insure genuine cases is all that is exacted.
+Out-patients are selected by the medical staff to become in-patients.
+The children look bright and well cared for; the wards are models of
+cleanliness and comfort. The hospital is entirely supported by voluntary
+contributions and subscriptions. The temporary house at Harrow has been
+retained as a convalescent home.</p>
+
+<p>A house, No. 13, close by the hospital, is one of Dr. Stainer's Homes
+for Deaf and Dumb Children.</p>
+
+<p>The Paddington charities may be here described. But it must be
+remembered that amounts where mentioned are only given in general terms,
+and are liable to variation.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[Pg&nbsp;112]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The <i>Bread and Cheese Charity</i> is of very ancient origin, and is said to
+have been founded by two maiden ladies. The bequest was in the form of
+land, though the name of the donors and the date of the gift are
+unknown. With the rents of the land bread and cheese were purchased, and
+thrown from the church tower to poor people on the Sunday before
+Christmas. The annual income arising from this source is now divided,
+being expended partly upon education, partly upon apprenticeship, and a
+certain amount upon coals and blankets to be distributed among the poor
+of the parish.</p>
+
+<p><i>Johnson's Charity</i> is a rent-charge of &pound;1 a year, distributed in small
+sums among the poor of the parish. The date of this bequest is not
+known.</p>
+
+<p><i>Lyon's Charity</i> is of very ancient date&mdash;namely, 1578. It consists of
+an estate in Kilburn and an estate in Paddington, and is distributed
+among many different parishes. The greater part of the income, which, of
+course, varies in amount, goes to the repairing of roads.</p>
+
+<p><i>Harvest's Charity</i> in 1610 bequeathed an estate to the parishes of
+Paddington and Marylebone for repairing the highways. The income derived
+from this source is devoted to the above-mentioned purpose.</p>
+
+<p><i>Dr. Compton's and Margaret Robertson's, or<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[Pg&nbsp;113]</a></span> Robinson's Charity.</i>&mdash;This
+is supposed to have been partly the gift of Dr. Compton, Bishop of
+London. The first grant was made in 1717, which was after Dr. Compton's
+death, but it is possible that he promised the gift which was granted by
+his successor, Dr. Robinson. Lysons says "the donation was confirmed by
+Dr. Robinson." "The first admission to the land, the property of
+Margaret Robertson's Charity, was on the 18th day of April, 1721"
+(Charity Commissioners' Report). The same persons are trustees for both
+charities. The gross total income, which amounts to about &pound;535, is
+distributed as follows: &pound;321 for education purposes, &pound;107 for
+apprenticing, and the same as the latter sum to be given to the poor of
+the parish in kind.</p>
+
+<p><i>The Almshouse Charity.</i>&mdash;Paddington is singularly deficient in
+almshouses, the only houses of the kind having been pulled down between
+1860 and 1870. These stood opposite the Vestry Hall, and are mentioned
+below. The Almshouse Charity includes the charity of Frances King. It is
+described as having been mentioned first on the Court Rolls of the manor
+of Paddington in 1720, but Lysons, in referring to the same charity,
+says: "Several small almshouses were built at the parish expense in the
+year 1714." There were seventeen of these almshouses in all,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[Pg&nbsp;114]</a></span> inclusive
+of four built by Samuel Pepys Cockerell. Two of them were used as rooms
+by the master and mistress of the Charity School. Some of these houses
+must have been pulled down previous to the year 1853, for at that date
+the Vestry applied for permission to pull down the twelve almshouses in
+the Harrow Road, considering that the estate could be more
+advantageously administered. It was not until 1867, however, that the
+order of the Court of Chancery was finally obtained, and after the
+demolition part of the land was let on a building lease. Another part,
+with a frontage to the Harrow Road, was let also on a building lease
+1869. The houses erected on this are Nos. 111, 113, 115, 117, 119,
+Harrow Road. Frances King's Charity was &pound;200, given by will in 1845 to
+be expended in coals for the inhabitants of the above-mentioned
+almshouses. The total income of the Almshouse Charity is somewhere about
+&pound;200; of this amount the trustees pay a yearly sum of &pound;50 to the
+trustees of St. Mary's School, and the remainder is applied to necessary
+expenses, and to pensions of &pound;10 to &pound;12 a year to deserving candidates
+in the parish.</p>
+
+<p>Denis Chirac left in 1777 a sum of &pound;100 (Report Charity Commissioners;
+Lysons says &pound;138) for the benefit of the poor children of the parish.
+This amount, together with &pound;120 given by<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[Pg&nbsp;115]</a></span> Baron Maseres, was applied to
+the building of a schoolroom. The old Charity School, still standing
+near the site of the almshouses, was built in 1822 upon copyhold land
+granted for the purpose by the Bishop. St. Mary's Schools at present
+stand near the spot in Church Place.</p>
+
+<p><i>Abourne's Charity</i> was left in 1767. It is at present &pound;300 in stock,
+and produces an annual income of from &pound;8 to &pound;9, distributed in bread
+among the poor of the parish.</p>
+
+<p><i>Simmonds' Charity</i> consists of the dividends on &pound;600 stock, from which
+an annual income of from &pound;16 to &pound;20 is distributed among poor women of
+the parish in sums of 10s. 6d.</p>
+
+<p><i>Marion Mayne's Charity.</i>&mdash;In 1854 Marion Mayne left a sum of money by
+her will for keeping in repair certain tombstones, tablets, etc.,
+including her own, and a sum for the maintenance of Paddington Green in
+good order, and a sum to be expended in annuities among the poor of the
+parish. The present income is derived from the dividends on &pound;6,416 1s.
+7d. stock, the latest income of which is expended as directed.</p>
+
+<p><i>Smith Charity.</i>&mdash;Under Augustus Frederick Smith's will, proved March
+19, 1881, dividends on &pound;9,985 3s. 8d. were left to the parish. The
+income is between &pound;200 and &pound;300. This is distributed amongst poor women
+about sixty years<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[Pg&nbsp;116]</a></span> of age resident in Paddington, in pensions of not
+more than &pound;20, or less than &pound;10 per annum.</p>
+
+<p>Following St. Mary's Terrace northwards, we see on the east side a
+curious little passage leading to a small Welsh chapel, an iron
+building. Close by the chapel stands a genuine old cottage, whitewashed
+and thatched, a remnant of the time when Paddington was largely composed
+of open ground. This cottage is said by an antiquarian authority to be
+several centuries old. It was granted to the Welsh congregation by the
+Bishop of London in 1890. Not far from this, up another narrow opening,
+is an old brick house with quaint red-tiled roof. This is Claremont
+House. It is picturesque, but has no authentic history. Opening out of
+St. Mary's Terrace on the east side, Howley and Fulham Places and
+Porteus Road recall the ownership of the Bishops of London.</p>
+
+<p>We must now mention the Grand Junction Canal. When it was first opened
+it was the fashion to go excursions by the day on the water, a custom
+referred to in "Nollekens and his Times." In 1812 the Regent's Canal
+Company was incorporated and given authority to make and maintain a
+navigable canal from the Grand Junction Canal in the parish of
+Paddington to the river Thames in the parish of Limehouse. The canal to
+the Regent's Park basin was opened two years after this, but was only
+completed in 1820.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[Pg&nbsp;117]</a></span> About "Paddington Basin," as it is called, are
+clustered many poor houses. The streets between the Harrow Road on the
+one side, and the basin on the other, are miserable and squalid. At the
+corner of Green Street is a church formerly belonging to the Catholic
+Apostolic community, later purchased by the Baptists, and now belonging
+to the Salvation Army. This is a structure of Kentish ragstone in a
+Gothic style with small steeple. In the Edgware Road are one or two
+public-houses, which, if not actually old, stand on the sites and
+inherit the names of famous old predecessors. The White Lion, now
+amalgamated with a music-hall, bears date of foundation 1524. It is said
+that G. Morland, the animal painter, painted a sign for this. It is No.
+267. Northward, at the corner of Church Street, is the Wheatsheaf,
+which, says Robins, "has the credit of having frequently entertained
+honest and learned Ben Jonson."</p>
+
+<p>The Red Lion, No. 239, a little to the north of Praed Street, claims as
+ancient a date. Tradition says that Shakespeare acted in one of the old
+wooden rooms, now vanished, and the inn boasts a haunted chamber.</p>
+
+<p>In Cambridge Place is St. Mary's Hospital and Medical School. The
+suggestion of a hospital was discussed in 1840, but the foundation was
+not laid until 1843 by the late Prince Consort. The<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[Pg&nbsp;118]</a></span> building was
+designed to hold 380 beds, but though it has been added to from time to
+time it still contains less than this, a supply totally inadequate to
+the demand for accommodation. The first wing was opened in 1857, and
+contained 150 beds. In 1865 the present King laid the foundation-stone
+of a further wing, and in 1892 the stone of the Clarence memorial wing.
+By 1886 all the building land acquired by the hospital had been used,
+and it was found necessary to purchase other land. In 1887 negotiations
+were made by which the Grand Junction Canal Company agreed to sell their
+interest in the required land. After five years' labour and the
+expenditure of &pound;48,000, the desired result was achieved, and the
+Clarence wing was commenced. The hospital now faces Praed Street as well
+as Cambridge Place, the intervening houses having been pulled down. It
+is a great square red-brick building with stone facings. Behind the
+hospital are All Saints' Schools, and to the west of them the Great
+Western Railway Terminus. The Act for the extension of the Great Western
+line to Paddington, and for the erection of a station, was dated 1836.
+The first station was, however, only temporary. The present one was
+designed by I. K. Brunel, commenced 1849, and completed in 1854. It
+contains three passenger platforms, and the roof is divided by columns
+into three great<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[Pg&nbsp;119]</a></span> spans, of which the centre one measures over 102 feet
+in width, and the outer ones 68 feet each. The station buildings and
+platforms at Paddington cover an area of 373,407 feet, but even this
+extent is insufficient for the railway purposes. Adjacent houses have
+consequently been adapted for the offices, and there is continual need
+for further accommodation. There are eight platform lines, and the
+platforms themselves are 780 feet in length. The daily passenger trains
+number from 250 to 300, and with the addition of excursion trains in the
+season the total daily average has reached 350. The diurnal number of
+passengers is estimated at 14,000, but high-water mark has been touched
+between 40,000 and 50,000. Twenty-five tons of news parcels are
+despatched from Paddington in one day, and nearly 3,000 mail-bags and
+parcels-post packages pass through the station in the same time, besides
+about 5,000 milk-churns. The above figures give some indication of the
+enormous traffic at this great terminus. The army of workers employed
+numbers 2,000, exclusive of the large clerical staff employed in the
+general department. The Great Western Hotel in a Renaissance style
+fronts Praed Street. It was built from 1850 to 1852, and its frontage is
+nearly 89 yards in length, and it is connected with the station by means
+of a covered way. Covered ways also connect the station with<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[Pg&nbsp;120]</a></span> Praed
+Street and Bishop's Road Stations of the Metropolitan Railway.</p>
+
+<p>In No. 19, Warwick Crescent, Robert Browning lived for five-and-twenty
+years, a fact recorded by a tablet of the Society of Arts. He came here
+in 1862, broken down by the death of his wife, and remained until a
+threatened railway near the front of the house&mdash;an innovation never
+carried out&mdash;drove him away. We are now once more in the region where
+the name of Westbourne is freely used. There is Westbourne Terrace and
+Square, Westbourne Park Crescent and Terrace Road. Near to Park Crescent
+in Chichester Place is a Jewish synagogue of red brick, with ornate
+stone carving over doors and windows. Next door is a curiously built
+Primitive Methodist chapel, with bands of differently coloured bricks in
+relief. St. Mary Magdalene's Church and schools stand at the corner of
+Cirencester Street. A temporary church was first opened in 1865, and the
+real building in 1868. This was the work of G. E. Street, R.A., and is a
+compactly built church of dark-red brick, with apse and very high spire,
+202 feet in height. It stands in rather a peculiar situation at the
+junction of three or four roads, and suits the position well.</p>
+
+<p>On July 13, 1872, while workmen were still busy with the roofing, the
+church caught fire.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[Pg&nbsp;121]</a></span> The damage, however, was not great. The church was
+finally completed in 1878. The services are High Church. The patronage
+is held by Keble College, Oxford, and the population of the parish is
+about 10,000. The ward of Maida Vale is bounded by Church ward on the
+south, Westbourne and Harrow Road wards on the west, and the borough
+boundary north and east. Between the Maida Vale Road and St. Saviour's
+Church in the Warwick Road there is nothing to comment on. The church of
+St. Saviour is in a Decorated style of Gothic. It is ornately built,
+with a square tower buttressed and pinnacled. The church was consecrated
+in 1856, and in 1883 a very fine and solidly-built chancel was added.
+This is faced on the interior with Cosham stone. Carved stone niches run
+on the north and south and on both sides of the Communion table. Some of
+these contain life-size statues of saints and the Apostles. A very
+handsome set of sanctuary lamps, after a Florentine design, hang across
+the chancel. In Formosa Street are the Church schools of St. Saviour's,
+and in Amberley Road there is a Board School. At the north of Shirland
+Road is a dingy brick building like a large meeting-room. This is the
+Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church; in it the services are held in
+Welsh. Across Sutherland Avenue, at the corner of Shirland Road, is a
+very<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[Pg&nbsp;122]</a></span> large brick building faced with red brick, which has two doorways
+with porticos supported by columns with ornamented capitals. This is a
+Wesleyan Methodist chapel, built in 1876. The schools in connection are
+beneath the chapel. Further northward in the Shirland Road is a large
+brick building with two entrances. This is the Wordsworth Ladies'
+College and a branch of the Kilburn Orphanage. It was built in the year
+1887 for both purposes, and there is no interior division between the
+college and home. The orphans are only kept here until nine years of
+age, when they are passed on to the Central Home. The Kilburn Sisters
+have patented a form of cot surrounded with wire to prevent the very
+little ones from falling out in their sleep. The room where there are
+rows upon rows of these cots with head curtains is a very curious
+spectacle, though it certainly suggests the desirability of further
+accommodation. The college has large class-rooms and a studio for art
+students. Some students board here, but the greater number attend daily.
+The terms are very low&mdash;fifteen shillings a week, including board,
+lodging, and tuition. The college is intended to assist girls desirous
+of passing the Government examinations as elementary school teachers.
+Almost immediately opposite the college is a small brick Baptist chapel,
+considerably below the level of the road.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[Pg&nbsp;123]</a></span> In Elgin Avenue there is a
+school of the Girls' Public Day School Company. On either side of Elgin
+Avenue are large spaces of open ground used by market-gardeners and
+others. To the north lies Paddington Recreation Ground, with cricket,
+football, and tennis grounds, running and cycling tracks. Beyond this,
+in the most northerly part of the borough, is the Kilburn Orphanage.
+This was begun in 1875 in two houses in the Kilburn Park Road, but funds
+were raised for building purposes, and in 1880 the present orphanage was
+completed. The Sisters themselves supplied quite half of the money
+required. The rule of the Sisterhood is that, though each retains
+control of her own capital, her income goes into the common fund. The
+orphanage is a large red-brick building standing in Randolph Gardens.
+The western wing, now connected with the main building, was added later,
+and the chapel last of all; it was not completed until about 1890. The
+chapel is well fitted up, and the whole building has an air of comfort
+and warmth in the interior. The passages are paved with tessellated
+pavement, and the floors of the large schoolrooms are of parquet. This
+is only one of the orphanage homes. There is a large establishment at
+Broadstairs, which is partly a home for convalescents and partly for
+orphans; and another at Margate; a relief home for<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[Pg&nbsp;124]</a></span> little ones, already
+mentioned, in the Shirland Road; and homes for boys at Brondesbury,
+Oxford, and elsewhere. In Burwood Place there are printing-offices and
+workshops connected with the orphanage, entirely managed by the boys.
+During the last few years there has been much discussion on the methods
+of the orphanage, and several charges have been brought against the
+Sisters, of which the chief are: (1) Want of business method and
+properly audited accounts; (2) injudicious methods: advertising for
+illegitimate children without inquiry, to the encouragement of vice; (3)
+receiving payment with such children, when the foundation was intended
+for the absolutely destitute; (4) repudiation of all external control,
+evidenced by deposing the Archbishop of Canterbury from his post of
+patron when he attempted inquiry. These offences seem to have been
+chiefly the result of mismanagement, not deliberately wrought, and might
+be condoned. The orphanage receives children from the workhouse under
+five years of age, and also foundlings. The community comprises about
+160 Sisters, of which many are abroad. The orphan girls are trained in
+domestic work, and do all their own work in the home. They do not leave
+until they are nineteen or twenty years of age.</p>
+
+<p>Adjoining the orphanage is the large red-brick church of St. Augustine.
+This is a remarkable<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[Pg&nbsp;125]</a></span> church both inside and out. It was designed by J.
+L. Pearson, who thereby obtained the distinction of adding the letters
+R.A. to his name. Through this building he also obtained the commission
+to build Truro Cathedral. The church, as above stated, is of red brick,
+in the first Pointed style, with long lancet windows. At the four
+corners are four Pointed towers enriched with stonework. The centre
+steeple has never been added, for want of funds, though the foundations
+for it are deeply laid. The interior is very picturesque. There is a
+triforium formed by the bays of the arches carried up from the centre
+aisle. The roof is groined, and the chancel-screen, pulpit, walls of the
+chancel, and the reredos are all stonework, with niches fitted with
+stone figures. In the transeptal chapels are some fine oil paintings
+executed on brick; that in the south chapel is the work of a prize pupil
+of the Royal Academy. The church was built entirely owing to the
+exertions of the present vicar, Mr. Kirkpatrick, who himself contributed
+largely. An iron church on the same site was erected in 1870, and was so
+constructed that the present building could be built over and enclose
+it; therefore service was never interrupted for one day during the
+process. In 1871 the greater part of the church was built, and in 1877
+the nave was opened. It was completed in 1880.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[Pg&nbsp;126]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>There is very little of interest in the remaining part of the district.
+St. Peter's Church, Elgin Avenue, was consecrated on August 12, 1872.
+The church is built of Kentish ragstone, and is in a plain Early English
+style, with an apse at the east end. The square tower, surmounted by a
+short steeple, was added a few years later. The pillars are of polished
+Aberdeen granite. St. Peter's National Schools lie to the south in
+Chippenham Road. In Fernhead Road there is a Wesleyan chapel, built in
+an ornate style with two square towers. Further north, just within the
+borough boundary, is St. Luke's Church, built of brick, with schools
+attached. This was consecrated in January, 1877, and is in a severe
+Gothic style.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 728px;">
+<a href="images/image_007.jpg"><img src="images/thumb_image_007.jpg" width="728" height="600" alt="BAYSWATER DISTRICT." title="" /></a>
+<span class="caption">BAYSWATER DISTRICT.
+<br />
+Published by A. &amp; C. Black, London.</span>
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[Pg&nbsp;127]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="INDEX" id="INDEX"></a>INDEX</h2>
+
+
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Aberdare, Lord, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Aberfield, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li>
+<li>Abergavenny, Lord, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li>
+<li>Abershaw, Jerry, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li>
+<li>Abingdon, Lord, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Abington, Mrs., <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Adair, Sir R., <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Albemarle Club, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></li>
+<li>Albemarle, Earl of, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Albemarle Street, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></li>
+<li>Aldford Street, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Alington House, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>Alison, Sir A., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Allingham, W., <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Ancaster, Earl of, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Anglesea, Lord, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Anne, Queen, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Anson, Admiral, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Anthropological Society, <a href="#Page_21">21</a></li>
+<li>Apsley House, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li>
+<li>Arbuthnot, Dr., <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Argyle, Duke of, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Army Clothing Factory, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li>
+<li>Ashbourne, Lord, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Ashburnham House, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Atholl, Duke of, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Austro-Hungarian Embassy, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Aylesford Street, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Bach, J. C., <a href="#Page_21">21</a></li>
+<li>Baden-Powell, Lady, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>Badminton Club, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Baillie, Matthew, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li>
+<li>Balcarres, Lord, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Balfe, M. W., <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Balfour Place, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Bancroft, Sir S., <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Baring, Thomas, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Barker, Thomas, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Barnard, Lady Anne, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Barr&eacute;, Colonel, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Barrington, B., <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Barrymore, Lord, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Barrymore, Earl of, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Bartlett, Sir E. Ashmead, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Bath Club, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Bath House, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Bathurst, C., <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Bathurst, Earl, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Bayswater, <a href="#Page_97">97</a></li>
+<li>Bayswater Road, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li>
+<li>Beaconsfield, Earl of, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Beau Brummell, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Beaumont, Sir John, <a href="#Page_13">13</a></li>
+<li>Beckford, W., <a href="#Page_13">13</a></li>
+<li>Bedford, Duke of, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Beechey, Sir W., <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Belgrave Hospital, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li>
+<li>Belgrave Place, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Belgrave Road, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li>
+<li>Belgrave Square, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Belgravia, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></li>
+<li>Bell, Sir Charles, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Belmore, Earl of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Bennett, Sir W. H., <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Bennett, W. J., <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Berkeley, Hon. G., <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Berkeley House, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Berkeley Square, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Berkeley Street, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Bernal, R., <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Berry, the Misses, 14 42</li>
+<li>Bevan, Henry, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Blake, W., <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Blessington, Lady, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Bloomfield Terrace, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li>
+<li>Blount, Martha, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Blythswood, Lord, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Bolingbroke, Viscount, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Bolton Row, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Bolton Street, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Bond Street, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Boswell, J., <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Boundaries of Paddington, <a href="#Page_87">87</a></li>
+<li>Brampton, Lord, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Brandes, W. T., <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Brassey, Lord, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Breadalbane, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Brick Street, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></li>
+<li>Broadbent, Sir W., <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Brodie, Sir B., <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li>
+<li>Brook House, <a href="#Page_11">11</a></li>
+<li>Brook Street, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Brougham and Vaux, Lord, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Broughton, Dr., <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li>
+<li>Browning, Robert, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li>
+<li>Brownlow, Earl, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Brunswick, Duchess of, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Bruton Street, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li>
+<li>Buckingham Gate, <a href="#Page_73">73</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[Pg&nbsp;128]</a></span></li>
+<li>Buckingham Palace Gardens, <a href="#Page_73">73</a></li>
+<li>Buckingham Palace Road, <a href="#Page_73">73</a></li>
+<li>Buckinghamshire, Duchess of, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Buckinghamshire, Earl of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Bulkeley, General, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Buller, Charles, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>Bunsen, Baron, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Burdett, Sir F., <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Burdett-Coutts, Baroness, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Burghclere, Lord, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Burgoyne, General, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Burke, Edmund, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Burton, Lord, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Bute House, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Bute, Lord, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Byng, Admiral, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Byron, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Byron, Lady, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Byron, Lord, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Cambridge, Duke of, <a href="#Page_50">50</a>, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Cambridge House, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Cambridge Terrace, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li>
+<li>Camden, Lord, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Camelford House, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li>
+<li>Camelford, Lord, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Campbell, Thomas, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li>
+<li>Campbell-Bannerman, Sir H., <a href="#Page_60">60</a></li>
+<li>Camperdown, Earl of, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Canning, George, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Canning, Lord, <a href="#Page_13">13</a></li>
+<li>Cardwell, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Carlisle, Earl of, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li>
+<li>Carlos Place, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Carnarvon, Earl of, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Carnarvon House, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li>
+<li>Caroline, Queen, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Carrington, Earl, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Carrington Street, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Carte, Samuel, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Carter, Elizabeth, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Cary, Rev. H. F., <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></li>
+<li>Cathcart, Earl, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></li>
+<li>Caulfield, General, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Cavalry Club, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Chandos, Duke of, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Chantrey, Sir F., <a href="#Page_42">42</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>Chapel Street, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Charities, Paddington, <a href="#Page_112">112</a>-<a href="#Page_115">115</a></li>
+<li>Charlemont, Lord, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Charles Street, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Charles X., <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Charlotte, Princess, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li>
+<li>Charteris, Colonel Francis, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Chatham, Earl of, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Chelsea Bun House, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li>
+<li>Chesham Place, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Chesterfield, Earl of, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Chesterfield Gardens, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Chesterfield House, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Chesterfield Street, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Chester Place, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>Chester Square, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_78">78</a></li>
+<li>Chester Street, <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li>
+<li>Chetwynd, Sir G., <a href="#Page_18">18</a></li>
+<li>Chewton, Lord, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Children's Hospital, <a href="#Page_110">110</a></li>
+<li>Cholmondeley, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Churches:
+  <ul class="IX">
+  <li>All Saints', Norfolk Square, <a href="#Page_96">96</a></li>
+  <li>Belgrave Chapel, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+  <li>Berkeley Chapel, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+  <li>St. Anselm's, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></li>
+  <li>St. Augustine's, <a href="#Page_124">124</a></li>
+  <li>St. Barnabas's, Pimlico, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li>
+  <li>Christ Church, Down Street, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></li>
+  <li>Christ Church, Lancaster Gate, <a href="#Page_100">100</a></li>
+  <li>Eaton Chapel, <a href="#Page_78">78</a></li>
+  <li>Eccleston Square Chapel, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li>
+  <li>Emmanuel Church, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></li>
+  <li>St. Gabriel's, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li>
+  <li>St. George's Chapel, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></li>
+  <li>St. George's, Hanover Square, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+  <li>Greek Church, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li>
+  <li>Grosvenor Chapel, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+  <li>Hanover Chapel, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+  <li>Holy Trinity, Bishop's Road, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li>
+  <li>St. James's, Paddington, <a href="#Page_98">98</a></li>
+  <li>St. John's, Paddington, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li>
+  <li>St. John the Evangelist, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li>
+  <li>King's Weigh House Chapel, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></li>
+  <li>St. Luke's, <a href="#Page_126">126</a></li>
+  <li>St. Mark's, North Audley Street, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+  <li>St. Mary Magdalene's, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li>
+  <li>St. Mary of the Angels, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li>
+  <li>St. Mary's, Bourdon Street, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+  <li>St. Mary's (old parish), Paddington, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li>
+  <li>St. Mary the Virgin, <a href="#Page_78">78</a></li>
+  <li>St. Matthew's, Petersburgh Place, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li>
+  <li>Mayfair Chapel, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+  <li>St. Michael and All Angels, <a href="#Page_96">96</a></li>
+  <li>St. Michael's, <a href="#Page_78">78</a></li>
+  <li>Our Lady of Lourdes, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></li>
+  <li>St. Paul's, Wilton Place, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+  <li>St. Paul's, Paddington, <a href="#Page_104">104</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[Pg&nbsp;129]</a></span></li>
+  <li>St. Paul's Presbyterian Church, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li>
+  <li>St. Peter's, Charlotte Street, <a href="#Page_79">79</a></li>
+  <li>St. Peter's, Eaton Square, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+  <li>St. Peter's, Elgin Avenue, <a href="#Page_126">126</a></li>
+  <li>St. Philip's, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+  <li>St. Saviour's, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li>
+  <li>St. Saviour's, Pimlico, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li>
+  <li>St. Saviour's Warwick Road, <a href="#Page_121">121</a></li>
+  <li>St. Stephen's, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li>
+  <li>Westbourne Park Chapel 104</li>
+  </ul></li>
+<li>Churchill, Winston, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Cibber, Colley, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Clanwilliam, Earl of, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Clarence, Duke of, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Clarendon House, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Clarendon Street, <a href="#Page_84">84</a></li>
+<li>Clarges, Sir T., <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Clarges Street, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Claridge's Hotel, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Clark, Sir James, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Claverton Street, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li>
+<li>Clieveden Place, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>Clifden, Viscount, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Clonmell, Earl of, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Clyde, Lord, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Cobham, Viscount, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Cochrane, Lord, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Codrington, Sir A., <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Codrington, Sir E., <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Coke, Lady Mary, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Collins, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li>
+<li>Combermere, Viscount, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Commercial Road, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li>
+<li>Conduit Street, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Coningsby, Lord, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Conyngham, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Cooke, G. F., <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Cooper, Sir Astley, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Cope, Sir J., <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Copley, J., <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Cork, Earl of, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Cornwallis, Marquis, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Cosway, Richard, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Cottenham, Lord, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Cottesloe, Lord, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Courtenay, Rev. H., <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+<li>Coventry, Lord, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Cowper, Lord Chancellor, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Coxe, Archdeacon, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Cranborne, Viscount, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Craven, Earl, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li>
+<li>Craven, Lord, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li>
+<li>Craven Terrace, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li>
+<li>Crewe, Earl of, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Crewe, Lord, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Cumberland, Duke of, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Cunningham, Allan, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>Curzon Street, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Darner, Hon. Mrs., <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>D'Angoul&ecirc;me, Duchesse, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>D'Arblay, Madame, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Darnley, Countess of, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Dartmouth, Earl of, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Davey, Lord, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Davies Street, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></li>
+<li>Davy, Sir Humphry, <a href="#Page_14">14</a>, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Deanery Street, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Delany, Mrs., <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Dent, Mr., <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Derby, Earl of, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+<li>Derby Street, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>De Ros, Lord, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>De Sta&euml;l, Madame, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>D'Este, Mdlle., <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>De Tabley, Lord, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Devonshire House, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></li>
+<li>Dillon, Dr., <a href="#Page_79">79</a></li>
+<li>Disraeli, Benjamin, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Dodd, Dr., <a href="#Page_79">79</a></li>
+<li>Dolgorouki, Prince, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Dorchester House, <a href="#Page_11">11</a></li>
+<li>Dover, Earl of, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Dover Street, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Douglas, Right Hon. Akers, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Downshire House, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li>
+<li>Ducie, Lord, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Duckworth, Sir Dyce, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Dudley House, <a href="#Page_11">11</a></li>
+<li>Duels, <a href="#Page_8">8</a></li>
+<li>Duke's Hospital, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li>
+<li>Dalkeith, Earl of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Dumergue, Mr., <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Duncan, Sir H., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Duncombe, T., <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Dundas, R., <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Dunraven, Earl of, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Durham, Sir P., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Eaton, Major-General F., <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Eaton Place, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Ebury Bridge, <a href="#Page_84">84</a></li>
+<li>Ebury, Manor of, <a href="#Page_3">3</a></li>
+<li>Ebury Square, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li>
+<li>Ebury Street, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Eccleston Square, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></li>
+<li>Eccleston Street, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li>
+<li>Edgeworth, Maria, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>Edgware Road, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></li>
+<li>Egerton, Hon. Alan, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Egremont, Earl of, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Eia, Estate of, <a href="#Page_3">3</a></li>
+<li>Elgin Avenue, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li>
+<li>Elgin, Earl of, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Eliot, George, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+<li>Elizabeth Street, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li>
+<li>Ellenborough, Earl of, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>Elliotson, Dr., <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Ellis, Welbore, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Ely, Bishops of, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Empress Club, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Erskine, Lord, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Esher, Viscount, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Evelyn, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Exeter, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Falkland, Viscount, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Farm Street, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Farquhar, Sir W., <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Farrer, Sir William, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Ferrers, Earl, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Finch, Lady Isabella, <a href="#Page_85">85</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[Pg&nbsp;130]</a></span></li>
+<li>Fitzgerald, Lady M., <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Fitzherbert, Mrs., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></li>
+<li>Fitzwilliam, Earl, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Ford, Richard, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>Forester, Lord, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Fox, C. J., <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Free Library, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>French Embassy, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Galloway, Dowager Countess, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Galt, John, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Galton, Sir Douglas, <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li>
+<li>Gainsborough, Countess of, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Gardener, Sir Robert, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Gascoyne, B., <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>George Street, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></li>
+<li>Gifford, W., <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Gilbert Street, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></li>
+<li>Glasgow Terrace, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li>
+<li>Gloucester, Duke of, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Gloucester House, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Gloucester Street, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li>
+<li>Glover, Richard, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Goderich, Lord, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Goldsmid, Sir Julian, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Gordon, Lord George, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Gore, Mrs., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Grafton, Duke of, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li>
+<li>Grafton, Dukes of, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Grafton Galleries, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Grafton Street, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Graham, Henry, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li>
+<li>Graham, James, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></li>
+<li>Granby, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Grand Junction Canal, <a href="#Page_116">116</a></li>
+<li>Grant, Sir W. K., <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Granville, Lord, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Great Stanhope Street, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Green Park Club, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Green Street, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Grenville, G., <a href="#Page_10">10</a>, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Grenville, Lady, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Grenville, Lord, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Grenville, Thomas, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Greville House, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li>
+<li>Grey, Earl, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Grey, Sir G., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor Club, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor Crescent Club, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor Gallery, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor House, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor Place, <a href="#Page_58">58</a>, <a href="#Page_66">66</a>, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor property, <a href="#Page_4">4</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor Road, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor Square, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Grosvenor Street, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Grote, George, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>Guilford, Lady, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Gull, Sir W., <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Gunning, Miss, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Gurwood, Colonel, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Gwynne, Nell, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Half-moon Street, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Halford, Sir H., <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Halkin Street, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Hall, Sir Charles, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Hallam, Henry, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Hambledon, Viscountess, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Hamilton, Duke of, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Hamilton, Lady, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li>
+<li>Hamilton, Lord A., <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Hamilton, Sir Ian, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Hamilton Place, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Hamilton, "Single Speech," 16, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Hamilton, Sir W., <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Hampden House, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Handel, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Hanoverian Embassy, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></li>
+<li>Hanover Square, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Hardinge, Viscount, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Harewood House, <a href="#Page_21">21</a></li>
+<li>Harewood Place, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></li>
+<li>Harrowby, Earl of, <a href="#Page_13">13</a></li>
+<li>Hastings, Warren, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Hawke, Sir E., <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Hayes Street, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Hay Hill, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Hazlitt, W., <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></li>
+<li>Heath, Mr., <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+<li>Hereford Gardens, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li>
+<li>Herschell, Lord, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Hertford, Countess of, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Hertford, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_51">51</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>Hertford Street, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Hewitt, Sir P., <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li>
+<li>Heywood, Mr., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Hill, Lord, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Hill Street, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Hindlip, Lord, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>History of Paddington, <a href="#Page_90">90</a></li>
+<li>Hobart Place, <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li>
+<li>Hobhouse, Lord, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Hogarth, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li>
+<li>Hogarth Club, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Holcroft, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Holland, Lord, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Holland, Sir H., <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Home, Earl of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Home, Mr., <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Hope House, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Hothfield, Lord, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Howard, Mrs., <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Howe, Admiral Earl, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Humphery, Sir W., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Hunlocke, Sir H., <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Hunter, John, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li>
+<li>Huskisson, W., <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Hyde, Manor of, <a href="#Page_3">3</a></li>
+<li>Hyde Park, <a href="#Page_4">4</a></li>
+<li>Hyde Park Club, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Hyde Park Corner, <a href="#Page_55">55</a></li>
+<li>Hyde Park Gardens, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Isthmian Club, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Iveagh, Lord, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Jameson, Mrs., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Jenner, Sir W., <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Jenyns, Soame, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Jersey, Earl of, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>John of Gaunt, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></li>
+<li>Johnson, Dr., <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li>
+<li>John Street, <a href="#Page_40">40</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[Pg&nbsp;131]</a></span></li>
+<li>Jones, Richard, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Jones, Sir W., <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Jonson, Ben, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li>
+<li>Jordan, Mrs., <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li>
+<li>Junior Athen&aelig;um, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Junior Conservative Club, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></li>
+<li>Junior Constitutional Club, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Junior Naval and Military Club, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Kean, Edmund, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Kelvin, Lord, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Kendal, Duchess of, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Kensal Green, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></li>
+<li>Kensington, Lord, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Kent, Duchess of, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Kilburn Orphanage, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li>
+<li>Kilmorey, Earl of, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Kingston, Duke of, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Kinnerton Street, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li>
+<li>Knightsbridge, <a href="#Page_55">55</a></li>
+<li>Knutsford, Viscount, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Kossuth, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Labouchere, Mr., <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Lake, Lord, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Lambton, Hon. Hedworth, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Lamington, Lord, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Langdale, Lord, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Lansdowne House, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li>
+<li>Lansdowne, Lord, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Lansdowne, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li>
+<li>Lawrence, General, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Lawrence, Sir T., <a href="#Page_29">29</a>, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Leconfield, Lord, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Leeds, Duke of, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Leicester, Sir J. F., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Leigh, Sir E. C., <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Limmer's Hotel, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+<li>Liston, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li>
+<li>Literary Club, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Liverpool, Earl of, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Lock Hospital, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li>
+<li>Londesborough, Lord, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Londonderry House, <a href="#Page_11">11</a></li>
+<li>Longford, Countess of, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Long's Hotel, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li>
+<li>Louis XVIII., <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></li>
+<li>Lower Eaton Street, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Lowndes Street, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Lowther, James, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Lowther, Right Hon. J., <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Lucan, Earl of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Lupus Street, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li>
+<li>Lushington, Dr., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Lyall Street, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Lyndhurst, Lord, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Lynedoch, Lord, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Lyttelton, Lord, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Lytton, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Lytton, Sir G. B., <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Macartney, Lord, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Macaulay, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Macclesfield, Countess of, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Macdonald, Sir G., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Macdonald, Sir J., <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li>
+<li>Mackay, Sir J. L., <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Mackintosh, Sir J., <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Mackintosh, The, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Maddox Street, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Maitland, Sir P., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Malcolm, Sir J., <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Malet, Sir E., <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Mallet, David, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Malmesbury, Earl of, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Manchester, Duke of, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Mansfield, Earl of, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Mantell, G. A., <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>March, Earl of, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Market Street, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li>
+<li>Markham, Archbishop, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Marriages, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+<li>Maxwell, Sir W. S., <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>May Fair, The, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Melbourne, Lord, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Mendip, Lord, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Merriman, Dr., <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Methuen, Sir Paul, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Mexborough, Earl of, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Mexborough, Earls of, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Miles, W., <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li>
+<li>Mill Street, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Mitford, W., <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Molesworth, Sir W., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Monkbretton, Lord, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Montagu, Lady M. Wortley, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Montagu, Lord, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Montagu, Mrs., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Montes, Lola, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Montgomery, Lord, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Montrose, Duchess of, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Morley, Arnold, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Mornington, Earl of, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Mortimer House, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Moss, Rev. Charles, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+<li>Motcomb Street, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li>
+<li>Mount Edgcumbe, Earl of, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li>
+<li>Mount Street, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Munro, Hon. B. J., <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li>
+<li>Munro, W., <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Munster, Earl of, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Murchison, Sir Roderick, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Murray, General Sir G., <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Nash, John, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Naval and Military Club, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Neat House Gardens, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></li>
+<li>Neat houses, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li>
+<li>Nelson, Lord, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>New County Club, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>New Travellers' Club, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Neyte, Manor of, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></li>
+<li>Nicholson, Sir W. G., <a href="#Page_46">46</a></li>
+<li>Nightingale, Florence, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Nollekens, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_107">107</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li>
+<li>Norfolk Street, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Northbrook, Earl of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>North, Lord, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Northumberland, Duke of, <a href="#Page_59">59</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[Pg&nbsp;132]</a></span></li>
+<li>Northumberland, Dowager Duchess of, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Norton, Hon. Mrs., <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>O'Brien, Nelly, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>O'Connell, D., <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Omnium, Jacob, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>O'Neil, Miss, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Orford, Earl of, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Oriental Club, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li>
+<li>Orkney, Lord, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Orme Square, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li>
+<li>Ormonde, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Osborn, Sir G., <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Osborne, Admiral, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Osnaburgh Row, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li>
+<li>Owen, William, <a href="#Page_87">87</a></li>
+<li>Oxford, Earl of, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Oxford Street, <a href="#Page_9">9</a></li>
+<li>Oxford Terrace, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Paddington, <a href="#Page_87">87</a></li>
+<li>Paddington Station, <a href="#Page_118">118</a></li>
+<li>Palmerston, Lady, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Palmerston, Lord, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_50">50</a>, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Paoli, General, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Parish, H., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Park Lane, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li>
+<li>Park Street, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>Parr, Dr., <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li>
+<li>Partington, O., <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Peabody, G., <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Peel, Sir Robert, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Pembroke, Countess of, <a href="#Page_13">13</a></li>
+<li>Penn, Granville, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Pennington, Rev. G., <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li>
+<li>Penrhyn, Lord, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Pepys, Sir Lucas, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Perceval, Sir Spencer, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Percy, Earl, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Perry, Sir E., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Peterborough, Earl of, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Petersburgh Place, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li>
+<li>Pettigrew, Dr., <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li>
+<li>Phillips, Ambrose, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Phillips, Sir T., <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Piccadilly, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></li>
+<li>Picton, Sir T., <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Pillars of Hercules, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li>
+<li>Pimlico Road, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>Pinkerton, Mr., <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Pioneer Club, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Pitt, William, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Pope, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Pope, Mrs., <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Portmore, Lord, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Portuguese Embassy, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Pott, P., <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Poulet, Lord, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Powis, Earl of, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Pretender, the Young, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Priestley, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Queensberry, Duke of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Queen's Meadhouse, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Queen's Road, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li>
+<li>Queen Street, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Radcliffe, Delm&eacute;, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Radcliffe, Mrs., <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>Raffles, Sir T. S., <a href="#Page_13">13</a></li>
+<li>Raglan, Lord, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Raikes, Thomas, <a href="#Page_13">13</a></li>
+<li>Ranelagh Grove, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li>
+<li>Ranelagh Terrace, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li>
+<li>Reay, Lord, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Reid, Sir James, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Reid, Sir R. T., <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Revelstoke, Lord, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Reynolds, Miss, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li>
+<li>Richmond, Duke of, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Rigby, Francis Hale, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Rockingham, Lord, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Roden, Countess of, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Rodney, Admiral, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></li>
+<li>Rodwell, G. H., <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Romilly, Lord, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Rothes, Countess of, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Rothschild, Alfred, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Rothschild, Leopold, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Rothschild, Lord, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li>
+<li>Rothschild, Miss Alice, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li>
+<li>Rothschild, N. M., <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Rothschild, Sir Anthony, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li>
+<li>Rowton, Lord, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Royal Academy of Music, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></li>
+<li>Royal Asiatic Society, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></li>
+<li>Royal Association for Deaf and Dumb, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li>
+<li>Royal Institute of British Architects, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Royal Institution, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></li>
+<li>Royal Medical Society, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li>
+<li>Royal Mews, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></li>
+<li>Royal Oak Station, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li>
+<li>Royal Orthop&aelig;dic Hospital, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li>
+<li>Royal Thames Yacht Club, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></li>
+<li>Ruggles-Brise, Sir E., <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Russell, Lord John, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Russell, Lord William, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Russia, Emperor of, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Russian Embassy, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Rutland, Duke of, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Ryland, W., <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>St. Albans, Duchess of, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>St. Albans, Duke of, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>St. Andrews, Bishop of, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>St. George's Burial-ground, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li>
+<li>St. George's Hospital, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li>
+<li>St. George's Parish, <a href="#Page_2">2</a></li>
+<li>St. George's Place, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li>
+<li>St. George's Road, <a href="#Page_83">83</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[Pg&nbsp;133]</a></span></li>
+<li>St. George's Row, <a href="#Page_84">84</a></li>
+<li>St. George's Square, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li>
+<li>St. George's Union, <a href="#Page_79">79</a></li>
+<li>St. James's Club, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>St. John, Viscount, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>St. Mary's Hospital, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li>
+<li>St. Mary's Terrace, <a href="#Page_116">116</a></li>
+<li>St. Peter's Institute, <a href="#Page_73">73</a></li>
+<li>St. Vincent, Earl, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>St. Vincent's Home, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></li>
+<li>Sandhurst, Lord, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Sandwich, Earl of, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li>
+<li>Sandwich, fourth Earl of, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Savile Club, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Savory, Sir B., <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Scarborough, Earl of, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Scott, J. H., <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Scott, Sir Walter, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li>
+<li>Seamore Place, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Sefton, Earl of, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Selborne, Earl of, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Selwyn, George, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li>
+<li>Sesame Club, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li>
+<li>Shackleton, John, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Shaftesbury, Earl of, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li>
+<li>Shakespeare, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li>
+<li>Shannon, Earl of, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li>
+<li>Sharp, Richard, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Shaw, Sir Frederick, <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li>
+<li>Shelburne, Lord, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Shelley, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Shepherd's Market, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>Sheridan, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Shire Horse Society, <a href="#Page_21">21</a></li>
+<li>Shirley, S., <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Sibthorpe, Colonel, <a href="#Page_66">66</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li>
+<li>Siddons, Mrs., <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_106">106</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li>
+<li>Skelton, W., <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Sligo, Marchioness of, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Smirke, Sidney, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Smith, Sydney, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li>
+<li>Soltykoff, Prince, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Somerset, Duke of, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Sondes, Earl, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Sotheby, W., <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Southampton, Lord, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>South Audley Street, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>South Molton Street, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>South Street, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Southwick Crescent, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li>
+<li>Spanish Embassy, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Stafford, Viscount, <a href="#Page_73">73</a></li>
+<li>Stair, Lord, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></li>
+<li>Stanhope, Countess, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Stanhope, Earl, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li>
+<li>Stapleton, Hon. Thomas, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li>
+<li>Stephen, E. B., <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>Sterne, Laurence, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li>
+<li>Stonehewer, R., <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Stowell, Lord, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Strange, Lord, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li>
+<li>Stratford de Redclyffe, Lord, <a href="#Page_13">13</a></li>
+<li>Stratheden, Lord, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Strathnairn, Lord, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Stratton Street, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Stromboli House, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li>
+<li>Suffolk, Countess of, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>Sullivan, John, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Sussex, Duke of, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li>
+<li>Sutherland, Duke of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li>
+<li>Swift, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li>
+<li>Sydenham, Lord, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Talleyrand, Prince, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Tattersall's, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li>
+<li>Templemore, Lord, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Tenterden Street, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></li>
+<li>Thomson, James, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li>
+<li>Thrale, Henry, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Tierney, George, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li>
+<li>Tierney, Sir M., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Tilney Street, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Titchborne Road, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li>
+<li>Trevelyan, Sir G., <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Trinity Chapel, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li>
+<li>Troubridge, Sir T., <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Truro, Chancellor, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Turf Club, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Tweeddale, Marquis, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Tyburn, The, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_88">88</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Upper Brook Street, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Upper Eaton Street, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li>
+<li>Upper Grosvenor Street, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Van Butchell, Martin, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Vandergucht, B., <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Vandergucht, Gerald, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Vane, Lady, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li>
+<li>Vane, Miss, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li>
+<li>Vauxhall Bridge Road, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li>
+<li>Vesey, Mrs., <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Vestris, Madame, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Victoria Bridge, <a href="#Page_77">77</a></li>
+<li>Victoria Square, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li>
+<li>Victoria Station, <a href="#Page_80">80</a></li>
+<li>Vivares, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Waldegrave, Lady, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li>
+<li>Wallace, Sir R., <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li>
+<li>Walpole, Horace, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Walpole, Sir R., <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li>
+<li>Walsingham, Lord, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Warburton, Bishop, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li>
+<li>Warner, Captain, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li>
+<li>Warwick Crescent, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li>
+<li>Warwick Square, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li>
+<li>Warwick Street, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li>
+<li>Watier's Club, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li>
+<li>Waverton Street, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li>
+<li>Weekes, H., <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>Welby, Sir C. G., <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Welby, Lord, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Wellesley, Lord C., <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Wellesley, Marquis, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_54">54</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[Pg&nbsp;134]</a></span></li>
+<li>Wellington Club, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li>
+<li>Wellington, Duke of, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li>
+<li>Westbourne, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li>
+<li>Westbourne Green, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li>
+<li>Westbourne Place, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li>
+<li>Westbourne, the, <a href="#Page_88">88</a></li>
+<li>Westbury, Lord, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Westmacott, Mr., <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li>
+<li>Westmacott, Sir R., <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Westminster, Duke of, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Westmoreland Street, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li>
+<li>Wharncliffe House, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li>
+<li>Wharton, Duke of, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Wharton, Marquis of, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Whitbread, S., <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+<li>Whitehead, W., <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>White Horse Cellar, <a href="#Page_47">47</a></li>
+<li>White Horse Street, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li>
+<li>White, Lydia, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+<li>Wightman, Justice, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li>
+<li>Wilberforce, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li>
+<li>Wilbraham, Roger, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Wilkes, John, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_15">15</a></li>
+<li>Willes, Justice, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li>
+<li>Williams, Sir J., <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Willoughby, Lord, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li>
+<li>Wilson, Sir T. R., <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li>
+<li>Wilton, Dowager Countess, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Wilton Crescent, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Wilton Place, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Wilton Road, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li>
+<li>Wilton Street, <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li>
+<li>Windsor, Lord, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li>
+<li>Wombwell, Sir G., <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li>
+<li>Wood, Sir Charles, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li>
+<li>Wood, Sir Matthew, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li>
+<li>Woodstock Street, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li>
+<li>Worcester, Bishop of, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></li>
+<li>Wordsworth Ladies College, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></li>
+<li>Wraxall, Sir N., <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li>
+<li>Wyndham, Sir W., <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Yates, Richard, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li>
+<li>York, Duke of, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul class="IX">
+<li>Zoffany, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li>
+<li>Zoological Society, <a href="#Page_21">21</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+
+<h4>THE END</h4>
+
+<p class='center'>BILLING AND SONS, LTD., PRINTERS, GUILDFORD</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<div style="border: dashed 1px;"><h3>Transcriber's Note:</h3>
+
+<p>The following errors in the original index have been corrected.</p>
+
+<ul><li>Radcliffe, Mrs., 74 was Redcliffe, Mrs., and appeared between Reay and
+Reid.</li>
+
+<li>Savile Club, 52 was Savill Club, 52</li>
+
+<li>Stratford de Redclyffe, Lord, 13 was Stratford de Redcliffe, Lord, 13</li>
+
+<li>Stratheden, Lord, 37 was Strathden, Lord, 37</li></ul>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER***</p>
+<p>******* This file should be named 21218-h.txt or 21218-h.zip *******</p>
+<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br />
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+
+<pre>
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@@ -0,0 +1,5161 @@
+The Project Gutenberg eBook, Mayfair, Belgravia, and Bayswater, by
+Geraldine Edith Mitton, Edited by Sir Walter Besant
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: Mayfair, Belgravia, and Bayswater
+       The Fascination of London
+
+
+Author: Geraldine Edith Mitton
+
+Editor: Sir Walter Besant
+
+Release Date: April 26, 2007  [eBook #21218]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII)
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND
+BAYSWATER***
+
+
+E-text prepared by Susan Skinner and the Project Gutenberg Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team (https://www.pgdp.net)
+
+
+
+Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
+      file which includes the original maps and illustration.
+      See 21218-h.htm or 21218-h.zip:
+      (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/1/2/1/21218/21218-h/21218-h.htm)
+      or
+      (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/1/2/1/21218/21218-h.zip)
+
+
+
+
+
+The Fascination of London
+
+MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_IN THIS SERIES._
+
+Cloth, price 1s. 6d. net; leather, price 2s. net each.
+
+
+THE STRAND DISTRICT.
+
+By SIR WALTER BESANT and G. E. MITTON.
+
+
+WESTMINSTER.
+
+By SIR WALTER BESANT and G. E. MITTON.
+
+
+HAMPSTEAD AND MARYLEBONE.
+
+By G. E. MITTON. Edited by SIR WALTER BESANT.
+
+
+CHELSEA.
+
+By G. E. MITTON. Edited by SIR WALTER BESANT.
+
+
+KENSINGTON.
+
+By G. E. MITTON. Edited by SIR WALTER BESANT.
+
+
+HOLBORN AND BLOOMSBURY.
+
+By SIR WALTER BESANT and G. E. MITTON.
+
+
+HAMMERSMITH, FULHAM, AND PUTNEY.
+
+By G. E. MITTON and J. C. GEIKIE.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+[Illustration: HYDE PARK CORNER]
+
+
+
+
+The Fascination of London
+
+MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA AND BAYSWATER
+
+by
+
+G. E. MITTON AND OTHERS
+
+Edited by Sir Walter Besant
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+London
+Adam & Charles Black
+1903
+
+
+
+
+PREFATORY NOTE
+
+
+A survey of London, a record of the greatest of all cities, that should
+preserve her history, her historical and literary associations, her
+mighty buildings, past and present, a book that should comprise all that
+Londoners love, all that they ought to know of their heritage from the
+past--this was the work on which Sir Walter Besant was engaged when he
+died.
+
+As he himself said of it: "This work fascinates me more than anything
+else I've ever done. Nothing at all like it has ever been attempted
+before. I've been walking about London for the last thirty years, and I
+find something fresh in it every day."
+
+Sir Walter's idea was that two of the volumes of his survey should
+contain a regular and systematic perambulation of London by different
+persons, so that the history of each parish should be complete in
+itself. This was a very original feature in the great scheme, and one in
+which he took the keenest interest. Enough has been done of this section
+to warrant its issue in the form originally intended, but in the
+meantime it is proposed to select some of the most interesting of the
+districts and publish them as a series of booklets, attractive alike to
+the local inhabitant and the student of London, because much of the
+interest and the history of London lie in these street associations.
+
+The difficulty of finding a general title for the series was very great,
+for the title desired was one that would express concisely the undying
+charm of London--that is to say, the continuity of her past history with
+the present times. In streets and stones, in names and palaces, her
+history is written for those who can read it, and the object of the
+series is to bring forward these associations, and to make them plain.
+The solution of the difficulty was found in the words of the man who
+loved London and planned the great scheme. The work "fascinated" him,
+and it was because of these associations that it did so. These links
+between past and present in themselves largely constitute The
+Fascination of London.
+
+G. E. M.
+
+    Some attempt has been made in this volume to indicate the quality
+    of the district described by inserting one or two names of present
+    occupiers; but these names are only representative, and must not be
+    considered as constituting in any sense exhaustive lists.
+
+
+
+
+MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER
+
+
+Mayfair is at the present time the most fashionable part of London, so
+much so that the name has come to be a synonym for wealth or pride of
+birth. Yet it was not always so, as he who runs may read, for the
+derivation is simple enough, and differs from most cases in that the
+obvious meaning is the right one. In James II.'s reign a permission was
+given for a fair to be held on the north side of Piccadilly, to begin on
+the first day of May, and to last for fifteen days. This fair, we are
+told, was "not for trade and merchandise, but for musick, showes,
+drinking, gaming, raffling, lotteries, stageplays and drolls." It was
+immensely popular, and was frequented by "all the nobility of the town,"
+wherein, perhaps, we see the germs of the Mayfair we know. It must be
+remembered that Grosvenor and Berkeley Squares, with their diverging
+streets, were not then begun, and that all this land now covered by a
+network of houses lay in fields on the outskirts of London, while Hyde
+Park Corner was still the end of the world so far as Londoners were
+concerned. It was about the end of the seventeenth century that the
+above-mentioned squares were built, and at once became fashionable, and
+as the May fair continued to flourish until 1708, it must have seen the
+growth of the district to which it was to give its name. Though
+suppressed, doubtless on account of disorders, it revived again, with
+booths for jugglers, prize-fighting contests, boxing matches, and the
+baiting of bears and bulls, and was not finally abolished until the end
+of the eighteenth century.
+
+But Mayfair is not the only district to be noticed; we have also its
+rival--Belgravia--lying south of Hyde Park Corner, which is equally
+included in the electoral district of St. George's, Hanover Square. This
+electoral district takes in the three most fashionable churches in the
+Metropolis, including the mother church, St. Paul's, Wilton Place, and
+St. Peter's, Eaton Square, besides many others, whose marriage registers
+cannot compete either in quantity or quality of names with these three.
+The district can also show streets as poor as some are rich; it includes
+not only Park Lane and Piccadilly, but also Pimlico and the dreary part
+to the south of Buckingham Palace Road. It is a long, narrow district,
+stretching from the river to Oxford Street. As a parish, St. George's
+was separated from St. Martin's in 1724, and it is now included in the
+city of Westminster, with which it has been associated from its earliest
+history. In the charter given by King Edgar to the monks at Westminster,
+their possessions were defined as reaching to the highroad we now call
+Oxford Street on the north, and to Tyburn Lane, or Park Lane, on the
+west. But of this the parishes of St. Margaret and St. John at
+Westminster were the City, and the rest lay in the "Liberties."
+
+The larger portion of the district is included in the ancient estate of
+Eia, 890 acres in extent, reaching from the Bayswater Road to the
+Thames, which was given by William the Conqueror to Geoffrey de
+Mandeville, who at his death bequeathed it to the Abbey of Westminster.
+In Domesday Book it is divided into three manors of Hyde, Ebury, and
+Neyte. Of these the first occupies the site of Hyde Park; Ebury, from
+Knightsbridge to Buckingham Palace Road; Neyte, nearer the river, was
+the favourite residence of the Abbots. Here John of Gaunt lived, and
+here, in 1448, John, son of Richard, Duke of York, was born. The monks
+remained in possession until dispossessed by Henry VIII. in 1536. Hyde
+then became a royal hunting-ground. Neyte, or Neat, and Ebury remained
+as farms, which in 1676 came into the possession of the Grosvenor family
+by the marriage of Mary, daughter and heiress of Alexander Davies of
+Ebury, with Sir Thomas Grosvenor, Bart. With her came also the
+Grosvenor Square property, extending from Oxford Street to Berkeley
+Square and Dorchester House, and from Park Lane to South Molton Lane and
+Avery Row. Other large landholders in the district are the Crown--Hyde
+Park, and Buckingham Palace; Lord Fitzhardinge, the Berkeley estate; the
+City of London, New Bond Street and parts of Conduit Street and Brook
+Street; Earl Howe, Curzon Street; Sir Richard Sutton, Piccadilly; the
+Dean and Chapter of Westminster, Knightsbridge; and the Lowndes family,
+Lowndes Street and Chesham Place.
+
+More than a quarter of the district is covered by Hyde Park, 394 acres
+in extent. Long before its acquisition by the Crown in 1536 it had been
+a favourite royal hunting-ground, and it so continued until Charles I.'s
+accession, when it was opened to the public. During this reign, and
+until 1736, the world of fashion centred round the Ring, a circular
+drive planted with trees, some of which are still carefully preserved on
+the high ground near the Ranger's house, though all trace of the roadway
+has long been obliterated. The Park was sold by auction during the
+Commonwealth, but resumed by the Crown at the Restoration, and in 1670
+was enclosed with a brick wall and restocked with deer, who have left
+their traces in the name of Buck Hill Walk and Gate, close to the east
+bank of the Serpentine. This prettily-laid-out area, formerly known as
+Buckden Hill or the Deer Paddock, is now tenanted only by peacocks,
+ducks and rabbits.
+
+The Serpentine, a noble stretch of water of 50 acres, has already been
+described in "Kensington."
+
+Hyde Park has always been noted for its springs. In 1725 the Chelsea
+Waterworks Company obtained a license to supply the surrounding
+districts, and built a reservoir and engine-house near Grosvenor Gate,
+which existed until 1835, when, on the recall of the license, the
+engine-house was demolished and the basin laid out with flower-beds and
+a fountain. The present reservoir stands in the centre of the Park,
+while opposite Stanhope Place on the north side is a Gothic drinking
+fountain, the gift of the Maharajah of Vizianagram. The oldest of the
+present roads in Hyde Park is Rotten Row, made by William III.; it is
+now reserved for riding only, while under the trees on either side rank
+and fashion have lounged and gossiped since the days of the Ring. The
+popular derivation of the name is from Route du Roi, since it was known
+first as the King's or Lamp Road; but possibly it has its origin in the
+soft soil of which the ride since 1734 has been composed. The south
+road, now the fashionable drive, was made by George II. about 1732, as a
+short way to Kensington Park. The road from Alexandra Gate to Victoria
+Gate crosses the Serpentine by a stone bridge built by Rennie in 1826,
+and is the only one open to hired vehicles, which were first forbidden
+the use of the Park in 1695. From the Serpentine a soft ride runs
+parallel to the roadway as far as the Marble Arch; from this point Hyde
+Park Corner is reached by a broad drive bordered with flower-beds and
+trees, which replace the famous double avenue of walnuts cut down in
+1811. It is much patronized by society, who congregate opposite Hyde
+Park Corner, near the Achilles statue, by Sir R. Westmacott, R.A., cast
+from captured French cannon, and erected at a cost of L10,000 by the
+women of England in 1820, "in honour of the Duke of Wellington and his
+brave companions in arms." It is copied from a Roman antique, but the
+name is a misnomer. The road along the north side of the Serpentine is
+now thronged every day with bicyclists, to whom the Park has been lately
+thrown open. Here also are held the annual meets of the Four-in-Hand and
+Coaching Club during the season. This road was widened in 1852. Of past
+and present buildings in Hyde Park the following may be noted: When the
+Serpentine was made, an old lodge was demolished which may have been the
+tavern known in the reign of James I. as the "Grave Maurice's Head," and
+which later became Price's Lodge. Up to 1836, on the bank of the
+Serpentine stood an old house called the Cake House, and close to it was
+the old receiving house of the Royal Humane Society, which was replaced
+in 1834 by the present building, designed by Decimus Burton. Among the
+trees behind it is an old farmhouse (Hyde Park Lodge), the residence of
+Major-General Bateson, Deputy Ranger, adjoining which are the old
+barracks, now a police-station and guard-room, the head-gardener's
+house, built in 1877, and the old magazine. The new magazine stands
+close to the Serpentine Bridge, and contains over 1,000,000 rounds of
+ammunition. Near Grosvenor Gate stood the Duke of Gloucester's
+riding-house, built in 1724, which, after serving as the headquarters of
+the Westminster Volunteer Cavalry, was demolished in 1824. The old
+Ranger's Lodge at Hyde Park Corner was pulled down when Apsley House was
+built.
+
+The principal entrance to Hyde Park is at Hyde Park Corner, and consists
+of a triple archway combined with a fluted Ionic screen, by Decimus
+Burton, completed in 1828. The iron gates are by Bramah. Cumberland
+Gate, the next in importance, was opened in 1744, with wooden gates.
+Here in 1643 was posted a court of guard to watch the Oxford Road, where
+the Court was residing, and here also military executions took place.
+The Marble Arch, an imitation by Nash of the Arch of Constantine at
+Rome, erected originally as an entrance to Buckingham Palace, was moved
+to this site in 1851. Albert Gate was made in 1841, on the site of the
+Cannon Brewery. The iron gates were set up in 1845, and the stone stags
+on either side were brought from the old Lodge in the Green Park.
+
+The remaining gates are Alexandra Gate and Prince of Wales's Gate,
+erected since 1851; Victoria Gate, Grosvenor Gate, made in 1724 by
+subscription of the neighbouring inhabitants; and Stanhope Gate, opened
+about 1760. There are also numerous entrances for foot passengers.
+
+The present Park railing was put up after the Reform Riots in 1866 to
+replace the one demolished by the mob, which had stood since 1825.
+
+In duelling days Hyde Park was a favourite battle-ground. Of many
+encounters the following may be recorded:
+
+1685. The Duke of Grafton and the Hon. John Talbot, the latter being
+killed.
+
+1712. The Duke of Hamilton and Lord Mohun, which took place near Price's
+Lodge. Both died on the ground, and Lord Mohun's second, General
+Macartney, was afterwards tried, on the accusation of Colonel Hamilton,
+for stabbing the Duke when on the ground; he was, however, acquitted.
+
+1763. John Wilkes was wounded by Mr. Samuel Martin, M.P.
+
+1770. Lord Thurlow and Mr. Andrew Stewart.
+
+1777. Charles James Fox and Mr. William Adam, M.P.
+
+1780. Colonel Fullarton, M.P., wounded the Earl of Shelburne.
+
+After 1803 the practice of duelling fell gradually into disuse.
+
+In troublous times military camps occupied the open ground, notably in
+1649 under Lord Essex, in 1665 during the Plague, and in 1715 and 1722
+to guard against Jacobite rebellion.
+
+Reviews have been held at intervals from 1569 until 1876, but are now of
+very rare occurrence.
+
+Hyde Park has also been the scene of some serious riots, notably those
+in 1821 on the occasion of the removal of Queen Caroline's body; in 1885
+against the Sunday Trading Bill; and in 1862 the Garibaldi disturbances.
+The most important riot, however, broke out in 1866, when the Reform
+Leaguers forcibly entered the Park by pulling down the railing. From the
+Reform League the Reformer's tree near the reservoir took its name;
+though the original one has been felled, the name is still applied to a
+neighbouring tree, and political demonstrations, which have been
+declared legal since 1866, are still held on the open space in the
+vicinity.
+
+Oxford Street, which forms the northern boundary of the district, has
+already been described in the book on "Marylebone," with which district
+it is closely identified. It is only necessary here to mention some of
+the notable houses on the south side which fall within our compass.
+
+The first is Camelford House (Lord Hillingdon), an unpretentious
+building in a courtyard, once the property of the Pitts, Earls of
+Camelford. George Grenville occupied it in 1805, and subsequently H.R.H.
+Princess Charlotte and her husband, afterwards Leopold I. of Belgium.
+Adjoining it is Hereford Gardens, a row of handsome private houses built
+in 1870 on the site of Hereford Street (1780).
+
+At the corner of Lumley Street (south side) is the Royal Association in
+Aid of the Deaf and Dumb. The building, erected in 1870 from designs by
+Sir A. Blomfield, of red brick, contains a reading-room, lecture-hall,
+and on the upper floor St. Saviour's Church, in early Pointed style.
+
+From Dering Street, on the south side of Oxford Street, the garden of
+Lord Carnarvon's house in Tenterden Street extended nearly to Harewood
+Place. On the site are a noticeable stone-fronted house, now a carriage
+warehouse, and the Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, founded 1838 and removed
+here from Bloomsbury Square in 1856.
+
+Park Lane, up to 1769 called Tyburn Lane, was in the reign of Queen Anne
+a desolate by-road, but is now a favourite place of residence for the
+fashionable persons in the Metropolis. It is open to Hyde Park as far as
+Hamilton Place, whence it reaches Piccadilly by a narrow street. At its
+junction with the former stands an ornamental fountain by Thorneycroft,
+erected in 1875 at a cost of L5,000, the property of a lady who died
+intestate and without heirs. At the base are the muses of Tragedy,
+Comedy, and History in bronze, above Chaucer, Shakespeare and Milton in
+marble, the whole being surmounted by a bronze statue of Fame. The
+principal mansions in Park Lane are: Brook House, at the north corner of
+Upper Brook Street, designed by T. H. Wyatt, and the residence of the
+Earl of Tweedmouth, and next to it Dudley House. Dorchester House
+(Captain Holford) was built by Vulliamy in 1852 on the site of the town
+house of the Damers, Earls of Dorchester. The building, which stands in
+its own grounds, is rectangular, and constructed of Portland stone in
+Italian Renaissance style. On the narrow front is a carriage portico.
+The reception rooms and marble staircase have few rivals in London; they
+contain two libraries and a collection of pictures by old and modern
+masters. Here died in 1842 the Marquis of Hertford. Londonderry House,
+No. 18 (Marquis of Londonderry), was built in 1850 by S. and J. Wyatt on
+the site of the residence of the D'Arcys, Earls of Holdernesse. It
+contains a fine gallery of pictures and sculpture. Other inhabitants:
+the Duke of Somerset, in a house adjoining Camelford House, No. 35; Sir
+Moses Montefiore, d. 1885; Park Lane Chambers, Earl Sondes, Lord
+Monkbretton.
+
+At the corner of Upper Grosvenor Street (then No. 1, Grosvenor Gate)
+Benjamin Disraeli lived 1839-73. No. 24, Lord Brassey. No. 21, for many
+years the Marquis of Breadalbane, and afterwards Lady Palmerston, when
+left a widow in 1850; Earl of Scarborough. Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton at a
+house then numbered 1. In 23, Richard Sharp, 1822-24; Mrs. Fitzherbert,
+1785; Warren Hastings, 1790-97; Marquis Wellesley, 1796.
+
+Grosvenor Square and the surrounding streets have always been the centre
+of the aristocratic world; the Square, which includes about six acres,
+was built in 1695. The garden was laid out by Kent, and in the centre
+stood formerly an equestrian statue of George I., by Van Nost, placed
+there in 1726. On the site, in 1642, was erected a fort named Oliver's
+Mount, which stood as one of the defences against the Royalists until
+1647. Owing to the prejudices of the inhabitants, Grosvenor Square was
+not lit by gas until 1842.
+
+Inhabitants: Duchess of Kendal, d. 1743; Earl of Chesterfield, 1733-50;
+Bishop Warburton, 1757; Lord Chancellor Hardwicke, 1758-64; Lord
+Rockingham, d. 1782; Henry Thrale, d. 1781; Lord North, d. 1792; Thomas
+Raikes, 1832; Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles; 10, Lord Canning and Lord
+Granville, 1841; 22, William Beckford, 1800; 23, the Earl of Derby here
+married Miss Farren, actress, in 1797; his successors resided here until
+1832; Lord Stratford de Redclyffe, d. 1880; 24, the Earl of Shaftesbury;
+29, Sir John Beaumont; 30, John Wilkes, d. 1797; 39 (now 44), the Earl
+of Harrowby, 1820 (here the Cato Street conspirators proposed to murder
+the Ministry); 44, Countess of Pembroke. The houses have since been
+renumbered. To give a list of the present inhabitants of note would be
+impossible; it would be like copying a page out of the Red Book. Suffice
+to say there are living in the Square two Dukes, one Marquess, three
+Earls, six Barons, and five Baronets, beside many other persons of
+distinction.
+
+At the corner end of Park Street, and in South Street and Aldford
+Street, the old houses have been pulled down and have been replaced by
+large, red-brick, ornamented structures, such as have also been erected
+in Mount Street, Grosvenor Street, and North and South Audley Street.
+The spaces behind the houses are occupied by mews. Great improvements
+have also been effected since 1887 in the housing of the working
+classes, particularly in the neighbourhood of Oxford Street, and in
+Bourdon Street and Mount Row, by the erection of blocks of industrial
+dwellings by the St. George's and Improved Industrial Dwellings
+Companies, under the auspices of the Duke of Westminster.
+
+In Park Street, formerly called Hyde Park Street, lived Miss Nelly
+O'Brien, 1768; 7, Sir William Stirling Maxwell, M.P.; 26, Sir Humphry
+Davy, 1825, till his death; 113, Miss Lydia White, d. 1827; 123, Richard
+Ford, author of "The Handbook for Spain." In North Audley Street,
+opposite Green Street, is St. Mark's Church, built from designs by J. P.
+Deering in 1825-28, and reconstructed in Romanesque style in 1878.
+Adjoining is the Vicarage, built in 1887, and at the back the St. Mark's
+Institute, containing a church-room, mission-room, gymnasium, and a
+working men's club. Attached to the institute are the parish schools,
+built soon after 1830, and enlarged and repaired in 1894.
+
+Near the church lived the Countess of Suffolk, mistress of George II.;
+at 1, Maria Edgeworth; 26, the Misses Berry.
+
+South Audley Street takes its name from Hugh Audley (d. 1662), the owner
+of some land in the neighbourhood. It has several interesting houses.
+No. 8, Alington House (Lord Alington), was, in 1826, Cambridge House,
+the residence of the Duke of York, and afterwards, until 1876, belonged
+to the Curzons, Earls Howe. In 73, Bute House, lived, in 1769, the great
+Earl of Bute, and near him his friend Home, author of "Douglas."
+Chesterfield House, a large mansion standing in a courtyard at the
+corner of Curzon Street, was built by Ware in 1749 for the fourth Earl
+of Chesterfield, d. 1773, who wrote the "Letters" in the library. The
+portico and marble staircase, with bronze balustrade, were brought from
+Canons, the seat of the Duke of Chandos. In 1869 the house was sold to
+Mr. Magniac for L175,000, and he built over the gardens. It is now the
+town house of Lord Burton.
+
+Opposite Aldford Street is Grosvenor Chapel, erected in 1730; an ugly
+building, with sittings for 1,200. It is now a chapel of ease to St.
+George's. Here were buried Lord Chesterfield, 1773; Ambrose Phillips,
+poet, 1749; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, 1762; David Mallet, poet, 1765;
+William Whitehead, poet, 1785; John Wilkes, 1797; Elizabeth Carter,
+1806. The churchyard at the back was, in 1889, converted into a public
+garden. Just outside the gate is the Public Free Library, erected in
+1894 under the Free Libraries Act.
+
+Other inhabitants: General Paoli; Holcroft, dramatist, 1761; Sir William
+Jones; Lord John Russell; Lord Sydenham, 1841; 8, Archbishop Markham, d.
+1807; 14, Sir R. Westmacott, sculptor, d. 1856; 15, Baron Bunsen, 1841;
+72, Charles X., when in exile, and in 1816 the Duchesse d'Angouleme;
+Louis XVIII., in 1814, also lived in this street; 74, the Portuguese
+Embassy early in the eighteenth century; 77, Sir Matthew Wood; here
+Queen Caroline resided in 1820. In the enlargement of the street called
+Audley Square Spencer Perceval was born. North Row has no interest. In
+Green Street lived Sydney Smith, d. 1845; Lord Cochrane, d. 1814; 61 is
+Hampden House, residence of the Duke of Abercorn. At the corner of Park
+Street stood St. Mary's Church, pulled down in 1880.
+
+In Norfolk Street lived Lord William Russell, murdered by his valet in
+1840; at 27 the Earl of Dunraven, 1895. In Upper Brook Street lived Lord
+George Gordon, b. 1750, and George Grenville; 3, Sir Lucas Pepys and the
+Countess of Rothes; 18, Hon. Mrs. Damer, sculptor, d. 1828; 27, "Single
+Speech" Hamilton, d. 1796; 18, Sir William Farrer, F.R.G.S.; 32, Marquis
+of Ormonde.
+
+Upper Grosvenor Street contains Grosvenor House, the residence of the
+Duke of Westminster, a handsome building standing in a courtyard, with a
+garden at the back, skirting Park Lane as far as Mount Street. On its
+purchase in 1761 by the Duke of Gloucester, brother of George III., it
+was known as Gloucester House. The present screen and metal gates by
+Cundy were erected in 1842. The house contains a very fine collection of
+pictures.
+
+In this street lived: No. 2, Lord Erskine; 11, Mr. Francis Hale Rigby,
+1817; 16, the first Sir Robert Peel; 18, Lord Crewe, 1809.
+
+Among present inhabitants are:
+
+The Dowager Duchess of Northumberland; Dowager Countesses of Galloway
+and Wilton; Lord Templemore; Major-General Hon. H. F. Eaton; Prince
+Alexis Dolgorouki; Sir E. Chandos Leigh.
+
+Balfour Place has been lately rebuilt, and was so named in 1892 instead
+of Portugal Street.
+
+Mount Street (1740), called from the Fort of Oliver's Mount, was rebuilt
+with ornamental red-brick houses; it contains the Vestry Hall--now the
+Register Office for the district--built by Bolton in 1887, at a cost of
+L15,200, on the site of the old workhouse, now removed to the Fulham
+Road.
+
+Inhabitants: Lady Mary Coke, 1810; Martin Van Butchell, d. 1810; Sir
+Henry Holland, 1816; No. 102, Madame d'Arblay, 1832; 111, on the site of
+an old manor-house, was in 1891 occupied by a college of Jesuit priests;
+2, Sir Charles Hall, Q.C., M.P., d. 1900; 49, Earl of Selborne; 54, Lord
+Windsor; 105, Winston Churchill, M.P.; 113, Right Hon. Akers Douglas,
+M.P. In Carlos Place, so renamed in 1892 instead of Charles Street
+(1727), lives: No. 1, Sir George Chetwynd, Bt., 1896. Its prolongation,
+Duke Street, rebuilt in 1889 in red brick, dates from about 1770, and
+was named probably after the Duke of Cumberland. In that year a lying-in
+hospital stood in the street; opposite a small square is the King's
+Weigh House Congregational Chapel, a large building erected in 1891.
+Blocks of artisans' dwellings occupy the small streets round about.
+
+In Gilbert Street are St George's, Hanover Square, District Schools,
+which replaced the old schools in South Molton Street. The building was
+erected in 1888 by Caroe on a site given by the Duke of Westminster, and
+cost L5,000. These schools were incorporated in 1818 with General
+Stewart's schools in South Street.
+
+Davies Street is very narrow at its northern end, where it forms a
+prolongation of South Molton Lane, an old street known in 1708 as Shug
+Lane. It takes its name either from Miss Mary Davies, who is said to
+have lived in an old house still standing at the corner of Bourdon
+Street, or from Sir Thomas Davies, to whom Hugh Audley left his
+property. Here is the new church of St Anselm, built in Byzantine style,
+from designs by Balfour and Turner, at a cost of L20,000, and opened in
+February, 1896, to replace Hanover Chapel, Regent Street. At No. 8 are
+the Westminster Public Baths and Washhouses.
+
+In Bourdon Street is St. Mary's Church, a chapel of ease to St.
+George's, built for L12,000 by the Duke of Westminster in 1881 to
+replace St. Mary's Church in Park Street. The building, from designs by
+Blomfield, is in medieval style. Adjoining is St. George's Workmen's
+Dwellings Association.
+
+In Grosvenor Street (1726) lived: Countess of Hertford, 1740; Lord
+North, 1740; Sir Paul Methuen, 1740; Miss Vane, mistress of Frederick,
+Prince of Wales; Lord Crewe, 1784; Marquis Cornwallis, 1793-98; No. 13,
+William Sotheby; William Huskisson; at 16 was formerly the Royal
+Institution of British Architects; 17, Samuel Whitbread, 1800; 28, Sir
+Humphry Davy, 1818; 48, Earl St. Vincent, d. 1823; 72, Dr. Matthew
+Baillie, d. 1823; 6, Sir E. Ashmead Bartlett, M.P., d. 1902; 25, William
+Allingham, surgeon; 50, Earl Carrington; 59, Right Hon. James Lowther,
+M.P.; 72, Sir James Reid; and many others.
+
+Brook Street was first called Little Brook Street, and afterwards Lower
+Brook Street. It takes its name from the Tyburn, which flowed down the
+course of South Molton Lane and Avery Row, by Bruton Mews to the bottom
+of Hay Hill, and through the gardens of Lansdowne House to Shepherd's
+Market. It then crossed Piccadilly at Engine Street, and flowed through
+the Green Park to Buckingham Palace.
+
+In Brook Street is Claridge's (formerly Mivart's) Hotel. Here lived: No.
+25 (now 72), Edmund Burke; Sir Henry Holland, 1820-73; 63, Sir William
+Jenner; 74, Sir William Gull; 57 (now 25), Handel, the composer; Lord
+Lake, d. 1808; Welbore Ellis, Lord Mendip, d. 1802; Mrs. Delany; 20,
+Gerald Vandergucht, engraver, and his son Benjamin Vandergucht, painter;
+Thomas Barker, painter; 25, Rev. Sydney Smith; 30, Sir Charles Bell, d.
+1832; 34, Sir Thomas Troubridge, 1809; 63, Sir John Williams, physician;
+66, Sir B. Savory, Bart.; 74, Lord Balcarres; 84, Sir William Broadbent,
+physician; 86, Lord Davey, P.C., F.R.S.
+
+In South Molton Street, on the wall of No. 36, is an inscription: "This
+is South Molton Street, 1721." At No. 17 lived William Blake, poet and
+painter, in 1807. The St. George's Schools, at No. 53, were removed in
+1889 to Gilbert Street, and the building sold for L2,500.
+
+In Woodstock Street lived: Dr. Johnson, 1737; Prince Talleyrand, 1793;
+Dr. Parr, 1814. Running out of it are Sedley Place, so named in 1873
+instead of Hanover Place, and Blenheim Street, up to 1760 called Pedley
+Street.
+
+East of New Bond Street, Hanover Square, four acres in extent, was built
+as a fashionable place of residence in 1716-20. It was to have been
+called Oxford Square, but the name was changed in honour of the house
+of Hanover. A few of the old houses still remain, notably Nos. 17 and
+23, but most of them have been rebuilt at various times, and are not in
+any way remarkable. The centre is enclosed and planted with trees, and
+at the southern end stands a bronze statue of Pitt by Chantrey, erected
+in 1831 at the cost of L7,000. The principal houses are: No. 3, the
+offices of the Zoological Society, established in 1826, and removed here
+in 1846; those of the Anthropological Society; 4, a large handsome
+building erected in 1774 by Sir George Gallini, and opened by him as the
+Hanover Square Concert and Ball Rooms. Here J. C. Bach, son of Sebastian
+Bach, gave concerts from 1785-93. The concerts of Ancient Music and
+those of the Philharmonic Society also took place here. In 1862 the
+rooms were redecorated and styled the Queen's Concert Rooms, but were in
+1875 disposed of to the Hanover Square Club, established in that year.
+
+No. 10 was formerly the Brunswick Hotel, but has been rebuilt as
+chambers.
+
+No. 12, formerly the offices of the Royal Agricultural Society, now
+those of the Shire Horse Society and Kindred Associations.
+
+No. 13, Harewood House, was built by W. Adam for the Duke of Roxburghe,
+and purchased in 1795 by Lord Harewood, in whose family it remained
+until 1894, when it was sold to the Royal Agricultural Society,
+established in 1838 for the improvement of agriculture.
+
+No. 15 now forms part of the Orthopaedic Hospital in Oxford Street.
+
+No. 16 in 1845 was occupied by the Royal College of Chemistry,
+established in that year, and afterwards removed first to Oxford Street,
+and in 1835 to the School of Mines, Jermyn Street.
+
+In No. 17 Mrs. Jordan is said to have lived under the protection of the
+Duke of Clarence, afterwards William IV. In 1864 it became the home of
+the Arts Club, established in that year for persons interested in art,
+literature, or science. The house contains a fine painted ceiling by
+Angelica Kaufmann, and some marble mantelpieces of Italian workmanship,
+but is soon to be demolished.
+
+No. 18 is the Oriental Club, founded in 1824 by Sir John Malcolm for
+persons who have resided or travelled in the East. The present house, on
+the site of one occupied by Lord Le Despenser 1771-81, was built in 1827
+by the Wyatts, and contains some good portraits of Lord Clive and other
+distinguished Anglo-Indians.
+
+No. 20 is the offices of the Royal Medical, Pathological, and Clinical
+Societies, established 1867.
+
+No. 21 was the site of Downshire House from 1793. It was before that
+date the property of the Earl of Hillsborough. Here, in 1835, lived
+Talleyrand, then French Ambassador; after him, Earl Grey. It has been
+rebuilt, and is now a bank, above which is the New County Club, located
+here in 1894.
+
+No. 32 was the home of the Naval and Military Club from 1863-65.
+
+At No. 23 lived Lord Palmerston, father of the Premier, in 1806, and the
+Duchess of Brunswick, daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales, d. 1813.
+
+Other inhabitants: the present No. 20, Field-Marshal Viscount Cobham,
+1736-48; George Granville, Lord Lansdowne, d. 1735; Ambrose Phillips,
+poet, d. 1749. At the present No. 10: Admiral Lord Rodney, 1792-96;
+Admiral Lord Anson, 1762; "Single Speech" Hamilton, 1765; Percival Pott,
+surgeon, 1777-88; Thomas Campbell, poet; Sir James Clark, physician,
+1841.
+
+The streets round Hanover Square are mainly broad, well built, and lined
+with shops. Hanover Street and Princes Street were built about 1736. In
+the latter Sir John Malcolm died in 1833. Swallow Place and Passage
+recall Swallow Street, which was cleared away to make Regent Street in
+1820.
+
+In Regent Street stood, until recently, Hanover Chapel, with two towers,
+designed by C. R. Cockerell, and built in 1824 at a cost of L16,180.
+The Ionic portico was imitated from that of Minerva Polias at Priene. In
+the interior was a painting of "Christ's Agony in the Garden," by
+Northcote, presented 1828 by the British Institution.
+
+Harewood Place was closed at its northern end by gates until 1893, when
+all gates and private bars were removed throughout the district. In
+Tenterden Street, No. 4 in 1776 became the residence of the Herberts,
+Earls of Carnarvon, who still own the property. It, with Nos. 5 and 6,
+is now occupied by the Royal Academy of music, founded in 1822 by the
+Earl of Westmoreland. Among eminent pupils have been Sterndale Bennett,
+Sir G. A. Macfarren, Sir J. Barnby, Mackenzie, Sir A. Sullivan, and
+Goring Thomas. At the end of Tenterden Street is Dering Street, so
+called in 1886 instead of Union Street.
+
+At the southern end of the Square George Street was built about 1719,
+and at first named Great George Street, in honour of George I. It is
+wide at the Square end, but grows narrower till Maddox Street is
+reached. Its chief feature is the Parish Church of St. George, designed
+by John James, begun in 1713 and consecrated in 1724, one of Queen
+Anne's fifty churches. The style is Classical, the body plain, but
+having a Corinthian portico of good proportions, and a clock-tower 100
+feet high. The interior contains a good Jesse window put in in 1841. In
+1895 the building was redecorated, repaired, and reseated, and the old
+organ by Snitzler, put up in 1761, was replaced by a Hope Jones electric
+instrument. This church has been long celebrated for fashionable
+marriages. Among those in the register are:
+
+1769. The Duke of Kingston to Miss Chudleigh, she being already married
+to Mr. Harvey, afterwards Earl of Bristol. She was afterwards tried and
+convicted of bigamy.
+
+1771. Richard Cosway, R.A., to Maria Hatfield.
+
+1793. H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex to Lady Augusta Murray. The marriage was
+declared void under the Royal Marriage Act.
+
+1791. Sir William Hamilton to Emma Harte (Nelson's Lady Hamilton).
+
+1797. The Earl of Derby to Miss Farren. The ceremony took place in
+Grosvenor Square.
+
+1849. Mr. Heath to Lola Montes.
+
+1880. Mr. J. W. Cross to George Eliot.
+
+Among the Rectors of St. George's were Charles Moss, D.D., 1759-74,
+afterwards Bishop of Bath and Wells; and Henry Courtenay, 1774-1803,
+made Bishop of Exeter in 1795.
+
+At the bottom of George Street is Limmer's Hotel, formerly a noted
+resort of sporting men, rebuilt and enlarged in 1876. No. 25 is a
+handsome stone-fronted mansion, built in 1864 for Earl Temple. In 1895
+it was in possession of the Duchess of Buckinghamshire. In a house on
+the same site lived John Copley, the painter, and his son, Lord
+Lyndhurst, d. 1863.
+
+Other inhabitants: No. 3, Madame de Stael; 7, Admiral Sir Edward Hawke;
+8, David Mallet, poet, 1758-63; Sir William Beechey, R.A.; Sir Thomas
+Phillips, R.A., d. 1845; 9, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, 1803; 13, Lord
+Chancellor Cowper, 1723; 15, Sir George Wombwell, afterwards for a short
+time the Junior Travellers' Club; Earl of Albemarle, 1726; Lord Stair,
+1726; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, d. 1762; Sir Thomas Clarges, 1726;
+Colonel Francis Charteris, 1729; Lord Shelburne, 1748.
+
+Maddox Street was built by the Earl of Burlington in 1721, and named
+after Sir Benjamin Maddox, the ground landlord (d. 1670). It contains a
+museum of building appliances established in 1866 in connection with the
+Institute of British Architects. Mill Street is so called from a mill
+which stood near the corner of Hanover Square; near it is Pollen Street;
+both are unimportant. Conduit Street, completed about 1713, is so called
+from the city conduit which carried water from the Tyburn to Cheapside.
+It was built for private residences, which have now been transformed
+into shops. On the south side, where is now a tailor's, stood, until
+1877, Trinity Chapel, a plain, red-brick building built by Archbishop
+Tenison, in 1716, to replace the old wooden chapel which James II. had
+originally set up on Hounslow Heath, but which was brought to, and left
+at the top of, Old Bond Street about 1691. Four-fifths of the income
+derived from the three houses on this site are devoted to the
+maintenance of the district churches in the parish, the remainder going
+to the parish of St. Martin's. The share of St. George's parish now
+amounts to a capital sum of L5,075, and an income of L1,600.
+
+At No. 9, once the town house of the Earls of Macclesfield, are the
+offices of the Royal Institute of British Architects, established 1835,
+and other kindred societies.
+
+At the Princess of Wales' Tavern, now demolished, David Williams started
+the Royal Literary Fund in 1772.
+
+In this street lived: Duke of Wharton, 1725; Charles James Fox, b. here
+1749; Boswell, 1772; Wilberforce, 1786; Delme Radcliffe, d. 1832; Balfe,
+composer; No. 36, Sir William Farquhar, physician to William Pitt; 37,
+George Canning, 1802-03, after him Dr. Elliotson (the house has since
+been rebuilt); 39, Sir Astley Cooper, surgeon, d. 1841.
+
+Old and New Bond Street form a continuous thoroughfare, in which are
+situated some of the most fashionable shops in London. Though somewhat
+narrow, and architecturally uninteresting, it has always been a
+favourite society promenade, and when first built was "inhabited by the
+nobility and gentry" (Hatton). New Bond Street dates from about 1716,
+and occupies part of the site of Conduit Mead (twenty-seven acres), the
+property of the City of London. Of the houses the following are
+interesting:
+
+No. 135, the Grosvenor Gallery, the chief of the many picture-galleries
+in Bond Street. The house was erected in 1877 for Sir Coutts Lindsey,
+Bart., and contains a lending library and until recently the Grosvenor
+Club (proprietary, social and non-political). The doorway, by Palladio,
+was brought from Venice, and the front is by Soames.
+
+Nos. 15 and 16 are Long's Hotel, much frequented by Sir Walter Scott; it
+was rebuilt and enlarged in 1888.
+
+At No. 18, now a jeweller's, was Steven's Hotel, fashionable during the
+Regency, and afterwards a haunt of Lord Byron's.
+
+At No. 169, on the west side, was the Clarendon Hotel, formerly the town
+house of the Dukes of Grafton, and afterwards the residence, about 1741,
+of the elder Pitt. The hotel was closed in 1877, and replaced by a row
+of shops.
+
+Inhabitants: Swift, 1727; Mrs. Delany, 1731; Lords Craven, Abergavenny,
+and Coventry, 1732; George Selwyn, 1751; Dr. Johnson, 1767; Thomson,
+the poet; No. 141, Lord Nelson, 1797; 146, Sir Thomas Picton, 1797-1800;
+147, Mrs. and Miss Gunning, 1792; 148, Lord Camelford, 1803-04; 150,
+Lady Hamilton, 1813.
+
+Old Bond Street, and the adjoining Stafford Street, Albemarle and Dover
+Streets, occupy the site of old Clarendon House, the grounds of which
+covered nearly 30 acres, granted to Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, by Charles
+II. The house, described by Evelyn as a noble pile, was erected in 1664,
+and after being leased, in 1670, to the Duke of Ormonde, was sold in
+1675 to the second Duke of Albemarle, who parted with it to Sir Thomas
+Bond for L20,000. The latter, in 1686, built Bond Street, the west side
+of which was first called Albemarle Buildings. Residents: 1708, Lords
+Coningsby, Abingdon, and Anglesea; 1725, the Duke of St. Albans,
+Countess of Gainsborough; 1741, Duke of Kingston; 1753, Countess of
+Macclesfield; at the present No. 41, in 1768, died Laurence Sterne;
+Pascal Paoli, 1761; Boswell, 1769; No. 24, 1791, Sir Thomas Lawrence,
+R.A., afterwards the offices of the Artists' Benevolent Institution,
+founded 1814, the Artists' Orphan Fund, and the Arundel Society for
+promoting the knowledge of Art, established 1848. These have now been
+removed.
+
+Halfway down on the west side is the Royal Arcade, a short passage
+leading to Albemarle Street, containing shops, with a handsome entrance
+at each end. It was opened in 1883.
+
+In 1820, on the east side, stood another arcade, communicating with the
+Burlington Arcade, and named the Western Exchange. It failed, and was
+closed.
+
+In Stafford Street a stone let into the wall of a public-house had the
+inscription: "This is Stafford Street, 1686." At the corner of Albemarle
+Street, in 1852, was the Stafford Street Club, formed by Roman
+Catholics.
+
+Albemarle Street, Grafton Street, and Dover Street contain handsome
+houses, the residences still of many of the aristocracy. The former was
+built in 1684-1708 by Sir Thomas Bond, and named after the Duke of
+Albemarle. Its chief houses are: No. 21, the Royal Institution,
+established by Count Rumford in 1799, for "diffusing the Knowledge and
+facilitating the general introduction of useful mechanical inventions
+and improvements," etc.; has a stone front, with a row of half engaged
+Corinthian columns, designed by Louis Vulliamy, and erected in 1837. It
+contains a lecture-theatre, reading-room, and library of 50,000 volumes.
+Members are elected by ballot, and courses of lectures are delivered on
+science, philosophy, literature and art. Eminent men connected with the
+Institution: Faraday, 1830; Murchison, Lyell, Sedgewick, Whewell,
+Tyndall, Huxley, Lord Rayleigh, Professor Dewar. The President of the
+Society is the Duke of Northumberland.
+
+Opposite is St. George's (proprietary) Chapel, a plain building,
+celebrated for its musical services.
+
+No. 7 is the Royal Thames Yacht Club, instituted in 1823 for the
+encouragement of yacht building and sailing on the river Thames. It was
+formerly Grillion's Hotel. Here Louis XVIII. lodged in 1814, and
+Grillion's Club, formed 1813, had its meetings. The Roxburghe Club
+dinners also took place here.
+
+No. 13 is the Albemarle Club, established in 1875, admits both sexes as
+members. Messrs. R. and J. Adam lived here in 1792, and the house was
+afterwards the Pulteney Hotel.
+
+No. 22 is the office of the Royal Asiatic Society, founded in 1823, the
+British Association for the Advancement of Science (1831), the London
+Mathematical Society (1865), etc.
+
+No. 23 was in 1808 the Alfred Club, which was succeeded by the
+Westminster Club, which shortly failed.
+
+No. 41, the Amphitryon Club, was established 1870; it was celebrated for
+the excellence of its cuisine, and the high scale of its charges.
+
+No. 43, the Junior Conservative Club, was established in 1889.
+
+No. 50, the publishing house of John Murray, was removed here in 1812.
+His private house next door was, between 1812 and 1824, the resort of
+Byron and other literary celebrities.
+
+The noted opposition club, the Coterie, formed in 1763, also met in this
+street.
+
+Other inhabitants: Lords Portmore, Poulet, and Orkney, 1708; Duke of
+Rutland, Viscount St. John, 1725-41; Marquis of Granby, 1760; Lord Bute,
+1764; Zoffany, artist, 1780; C. J. Fox; Richard Glover, 1785; Byron,
+1807; No. 26, Sir James Mackintosh, 1811; 41, Hon. Hedworth Lambton;
+41a, Earl of Sandwich.
+
+Grafton Street was named after the Duke of Grafton, who, with Lord
+Grantham, bought the site in 1735. It was first called Ducking Pond Row,
+and in 1767 Evans Row.
+
+No. 4, the New Club (proprietary), social and non-political, was
+established with a view to providing a club conducted with economy in
+administration. Here lived Lord Brougham (1849) till his death. The Turf
+Club afterwards occupied it until 1877.
+
+No. 7 is the Grafton Galleries, where periodical exhibitions of pictures
+are held.
+
+No. 10 is the Green Park Club for ladies, established in 1894, and
+removed here in 1896.
+
+Other inhabitants: C. J. Fox, 1783; No. 24, Mrs. FitzHerbert, 1796; 11,
+Admiral Earl Howe, d. 1799; his daughter, the Marchioness of Sligo, and
+her husband; Lord Stowell, after 1813; 16, Lord Stowell up to 1813;
+Marquis Cornwallis, 1801; 20, Right Hon. George Tierney, 1809; 11, Sir
+Dyce Duckworth; 24, Viscount Cranborne, C.B., M.P.; 23, Oswald
+Partington, M.P.
+
+Dover Street, built in 1686, was called after Henry Jermyn, Earl of
+Dover, who died here 1708.
+
+At the top of Hay Hill was Ashburnham House (Earl of Ashburnham), a
+plain square building in a courtyard. It was occupied by the Russian
+Embassy in 1851. Now Nos. 28 and 29 are the premises of the Sesame Club
+for ladies.
+
+No. 37, a stone-fronted house, is the town house of the Bishops of Ely,
+built in 1772, and granted by Government in exchange for Ely Place.
+
+No. 34, the Bath Club, opened 1895, contains swimming and other baths
+for both sexes, gymnasium, etc. It has also an entrance in Berkeley
+Street.
+
+No. 35, the Empress Club for ladies, is on a scale of great
+magnificence.
+
+No. 36 was the Hogarth Club for gentlemen associated with the arts,
+founded as the Artists' Club at the Turk's Head, Gerrard Street; removed
+here from Henrietta Street, Cavendish Square, in 1888.
+
+The Literary Club met in 1785 at Le Telier's in this street.
+
+Other inhabitants: John Evelyn, 1699-1706; Marquis of Wharton; Harley,
+Earl of Oxford; Dr. Arbuthnot, 1714-21; Pope, 1729; Bolingbroke, 1730;
+Sir William Wyndham, 1731; Archdeacon Coxe, b. 1741; No. 23, Lady Byron,
+1841; 29, John Nash, Architect; 35, Samuel Whitbread, M.P., d. 1815; 33,
+Earl of Mexborough, 1895.
+
+The steep descent of Hay Hill was so called from a farm in the
+neighbourhood, which, perhaps, took its name from Tyburn (the "Ayburn,"
+the "Eia Burn"), which flowed at the foot. Here in 1554 Sir Thomas
+Wyatt's head was exposed, and three of his companions hung in chains. In
+1617 Hay Hill was granted to Hector Johnstone for services to the
+Elector Palatine. By Queen Anne it was granted to the Speaker of the
+House of Commons, who sold it for L200 and gave the proceeds to the
+poor. It afterwards came into the hands of the Pomfret family, and was
+sold prior to 1759 for L20,300.
+
+Berkeley Square was built about 1698 on the site of the gardens of
+Berkeley House, the residence of Sir John Berkeley, afterwards Lord
+Berkeley, of Stratton, to whose descendant, Earl Fitzhardinge, the
+property still belongs. It slopes somewhat steeply to the south, and has
+a well-wooded garden in the centre, planted about the end of the
+eighteenth century. The equestrian statue of George III., by Beaupre
+and Wilton, erected by Princess Amelia in 1766, was removed in 1827, and
+the pedestal is vacant, but a drinking-fountain, the gift of the Marquis
+of Lansdowne, stands at the south end. In 1805 the north side was
+occupied by small tradesmen's shops, which have been replaced; but some
+of the other houses are old, and still have the iron link extinguishers
+before the door, which may be seen at many houses in this district. No.
+25 is Thomas's Hotel, which dates from 1809. Charles James Fox lived
+here in 1803. No. 40 is noteworthy for the style of its architecture,
+but the finest house in the Square is Lansdowne House (Marquis of
+Lansdowne), standing in its own garden on the south side. It was built
+by Robert Adam for the Earl of Bute in 1765, and sold while still
+unfinished to the Earl of Shelburne, afterwards Marquis of Lansdowne,
+for L22,500. It contains a sculpture gallery commenced in 1778, with a
+collection of statuary by Gavin Hamilton. The pictures were collected by
+the third Marquis (1807-50), and comprise specimens by Raphael, Murillo,
+Velasquez, Hogarth, Reynolds, Landseer, and others. The library was
+added in 1790. Priestley was librarian when, in 1774, he discovered
+oxygen.
+
+No. 44, designed by Kent for Lady Isabella Finch, has a fine staircase
+and drawing-room.
+
+Other inhabitants: Corner of Bruton Street, No. 20, Colley Cibber,
+1753; 45, the residence of the Earl of Powis, has a name-plate on the
+door (here, in 1774, Lord Clive committed suicide); 10, Lord Clyde,
+1863; 11, Horace Walpole, 1774-97, Lady Waldegrave, 1800; 6, second Earl
+of Chatham; 13, Marquis of Hertford, Earl of Carnarvon; 17, Lord Rowton;
+18, Sir S. B. Bancroft, actor; 21, Lady Anne Barnard, authoress of "Auld
+Robin Gray," d. 1825; Lord Brougham and Vaux, 1842; 28, Earl Grey, Lord
+Brougham, 1830-34, Sidney Smirke, R.A., architect, 1842; 38, here, in
+1804, the Earl of Jersey married Lady Sophia Fane, daughter of the Earl
+of Westmoreland, d. 1867, Lord Londesborough, 1891. It has now been
+rebuilt in red brick by Lord Rosebery; 48, Lord Brougham, 1849; 52,
+Field-marshal Lord Strathnairn, d. 1894.
+
+Berkeley Street was built on the grounds of Berkeley House in 1684 by
+Lady Berkeley, under the direction of John Evelyn. It skirts the garden
+wall of Devonshire House, and is now chiefly occupied by stabling.
+
+Here lived: Richard Cosway, R.A., 1770-80; No. 4, Shackleton, painter;
+9, Pope's Martha Blount, 1731-63; General Bulkeley, d. 1815; Mrs.
+Howard, mistress of Louis Napoleon.
+
+Bruton Street, built _circa_ 1727, was named after Lord Berkeley's
+Dorsetshire estate. It contains large private houses, the most
+noticeable being No. 17, now Lord Stratheden and Campbell. At No. 22
+(now Earl Bathurst) was the Pioneer Club for ladies.
+
+Other inhabitants: The Duke of Argyle, d. 1743; Horace Walpole, 1749;
+William Pitt, 1760; General Lawrence, d. 1775; R. Brinsley Sheridan,
+1786; Mrs. Jamieson, 1851-54; General Sir G. Macdonald, d. 1850; 15,
+Right Hon. Lord Hobhouse, P.C.; 16, Lord Granville, d. 1846; Lord
+Chancellor Cottenham, 1847; 23, Sir W. H. Humphery, Bart.; 23A, Marquis
+of Granby, M.P., 1895; 24, George Canning, 1809; Countess of Longford;
+26, Sir Matthew Tierney, physician, 1841; 33, William Owen, R.A., d.
+1825; 36, Earl of Orford.
+
+The district west of Berkeley Square, bounded by Piccadilly and Park
+Lane, has already been mentioned; though the streets are narrow and
+cramped, and many of the houses small, it has always been a fashionable
+locality.
+
+In Hill Street (1743) lived: Lord Lyttelton, 1755-73; Admiral Byng,
+1756; Smollett's Lady Vane, d. 1788; Mrs. Montagu, 1795; Lord Chief
+Justice Camden, d. 1794; Earl of Carlisle, b. 1802; Sir J. F. Leicester,
+1829; No. 5, Mr. Henry Brougham (Lord Brougham), 1824, Lord
+Londesborough, 1835; 6 (a new house), Marquis of Tweeddale, 1895; 9,
+Admiral Sir Philip Durham, 1841; 8, The Mackintosh of Mackintosh; 20,
+Lord Barrymore; 21, William Grant, Earl of Malmesbury, d. 1820, Countess
+Darnley; 26, Lord Revelstoke; 27, Countess of Roden, 1895; 30, Lord
+Westbury; 33, Lord Hindlip; 34, Sir Charles G. Earle-Welby, Bart.; 41,
+Sir Evelyn Ruggles-Brise, Bart.
+
+In Farm Street (_circa_ 1750), named from a neighbouring farm, and now a
+mews, is the Jesuit Church of the Immaculate Conception, a handsome and
+lofty Gothic structure in Decorated style, designed by Scoles, and built
+in 1849. The front is a miniature reproduction of the cathedral at
+Beauvais. The high altar, designed by Pugin, was a gift by Miss Tempest,
+and cost L1,000. The church is lit by a clerestory.
+
+In South Street (_circa_ 1737), up to 1845, stood a Roman Catholic
+chapel, attached to the Portuguese Embassy. Here is a school endowed by
+General Stewart in 1726, and carried on in conjunction with the Hanover
+Branch Schools.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 10, Miss Florence Nightingale, 1895; 22, Beau Brummell;
+33, Lord Holland; 36, Mlle. d'Este, daughter of the Duke of Sussex,
+1835; 39, Lord Melbourne, 1837.
+
+Aldford Street (_circa_ 1734) was named Chapel Street (from Grosvenor
+Chapel) until 1886. Part of the north side has been lately pulled down,
+and with it No. 13, where Beau Brummell lived in 1816 and Sir Thomas
+Rivers Wilson in 1841.
+
+Other inhabitants: No. 23, Shelley, 1813; 5, Earl of Kilmorey.
+
+Deanery Street was built _circa_ 1737, and was first called Dean and
+Chapel Street, from the Chapter of Westminster, the ground landlords. In
+Tilney Street (_circa_ 1750) lived Soame Jenyns, d. 1787; No. 2,
+Viscount Esher; 5, Lord Brampton; 6, Mrs. Fitzherbert, wife of George
+IV.
+
+Great Stanhope Street, built _circa_ 1750 by Lord Chesterfield, is
+broad, and contained fifteen spacious houses, of which No. 7 was
+demolished to build a mansion in Park Lane for a millionaire.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 1, Lord Southampton, 1796, Duke of Bedford, 1810, Earl
+Bathurst, 1822, Duke of Manchester, 1890; No. 1, Viscount Clifden; 4,
+Earl of Mansfield, 1823, Marquis of Exeter, 1829, Lord Brougham, 1834;
+5, Lord Raglan, 1853; 6, Lord Reay; 9, Lord Palmerston, 1814-1843; 10,
+Bamber Gascoyne, grandfather of the present Marquis of Salisbury; 12,
+Colonel Barre, d. 1802; Sir Robert Peel, 1820-25; 15, Viscount Hardinge,
+d. 1856.
+
+Waverton Street was renamed in 1886, instead of Union Street, built
+_circa_ 1750. Charles Street is so called after Charles, Earl of
+Falmouth, brother of Lord Berkeley. At the corner of Hayes Street a
+public-house bears the sign of a running footman in the dress of the
+last century, with the inscription, "I am the only running footman."
+
+Inhabitants of Charles Street: No. 22, H.R.H. the Duke of Clarence
+(William IV.); Admiral Sir G. Osborn, d. 1792; Sir G. Bulwer Lytton; the
+Earl of Ellenborough, Viceroy of India; J. H. Scott, of Abbotsford;
+Thomas Baring, M.P.; Lady Grenville, widow of the Premier, 1806-07; 33,
+Admiral Sherard Osborn, 1795; Lady Margaret Fitzgerald, d. 1815; Sydney
+Smith, 1835; 37, Earl of Dartmouth; 39, Earl of Camperdown; 40, Earl of
+Cork and Orrery; 48, Lord Burghclere; 49, Lord Romilly.
+
+In John Street (_circa_ 1730) is Berkeley Chapel, the property of Lord
+Fitzhardinge, which dates from about 1750. It is a plain building both
+within and without. The interior was redecorated in 1874, and the east
+end and chancel in 1895, when a window was put up to the memory of the
+late Duke of Clarence. Sydney Smith and Rev. H. F. Cary (1812) are the
+best known among the incumbents.
+
+In Queen Street (_circa_ 1753) lived: No. 13, Dr. Merriman, 1796-1810;
+20, Thomas Duncombe, M.P., 1824; 22, Sir Robert Adair, d. 1855; 21, Duke
+of Hamilton, d. 1895; 25, R. Brinsley Sheridan, 1810.
+
+In Chesterfield Street lived George Selwyn, 1776; No. 3, Sir Ian
+Hamilton; 4, Beau Brummell till 1810; 1, Sir W. H. Bennett.
+
+Chesterfield Gardens contain fine red-brick houses built by Mr. Magniac
+on the site of the gardens of Chesterfield House.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 2, Lord Hothfield; 6, Duke of Grafton; 9, Lord
+Leconfield.
+
+Some fine houses with an outlet by steps to Pitt's Head Mews form
+Seamore Place (_circa_ 1761).
+
+Inhabitants: No. 8, Lady Blessington, 1832-36; 1, Alfred de Rothschild;
+2, Lord Blythswood; 7, Sir James Lyle Mackay; 9, Hon. A. de Tatton
+Egerton.
+
+Curzon Street was named after Curzon, Earl Howe, d. 1758, to whose
+family the property still belongs. It was known before that time as
+Mayfair Row.
+
+On the south side is Curzon or Mayfair Chapel, an ugly building, first
+erected in 1730, but since rebuilt. The Rev. Alex Keith was the first
+incumbent. Here he performed marriages without banns or license until
+his excommunication in 1742. He then established a chapel close by,
+where clandestine marriages were continued until the Marriage Act put an
+end to them in 1754. The most celebrated of these were: the Duke of
+Chandos and Mrs. Anne Jeffrey, 1744; Lord Strange and Mrs. Lucy Smith,
+1746; Lord Kensington and Rachel Hill, 1749; Sewellis Shirley and
+Margaret Rolle, widow of the second Earl of Oxford, 1751; Duke of
+Hamilton and Miss Gunning, 1752; Lord George Bentinck and Mary Davies,
+1753.
+
+Opposite the chapel is Wharncliffe House, a plain building with
+courtyard and garden. Here lived in 1708 Edward Shepherd, the builder of
+Shepherd's Market. It was sold for L500 in 1750 to Lord Carhampton, who
+rebuilt it. From 1776-92 it was occupied by Lady Fane, and by Lady Reade
+from 1793 to 1813. In 1818 it was bought by Mr. J. Stuart Wortley, M.P.,
+for L12,000, and is now in possession of the Earl of Wharncliffe.
+
+Other inhabitants: No. 1 (pulled down in 1849), Madame Vestris; 8, the
+Misses Berry, d. 1852; Baron Bunsen, 1841; 14, Richard Stonehewer, 1782,
+Earl of Crewe; 16, Sir Henry Halford, d. 1844; 19, Earl of Beaconsfield,
+d. 1882; 20, Viscount Curzon; 21, Earl Howe; 24, Sir Francis Chantrey
+when a young man; 30, Lord Macartney, d. 1806; 37, Sir C. M. Palmer,
+Bart.; 41, Prince Soltykoff; 64, Earl Percy.
+
+At the end of Curzon Street is Bolton Row (1728), until 1786 called
+Blicks Row.
+
+Inhabitants: Martha Blount, 1731-37; Horace Walpole, 1748; Angelo, the
+fencing master, 1800.
+
+A passage leads between the gardens of Lansdowne and Downshire Houses to
+Berkeley Street. The bars at each entrance were set up after the escape
+of a highwayman, who galloped through.
+
+Bolton Street was built in 1699, and was then the western limit of
+London. Here lived: Earl of Peterborough, 1710-24; George Grenville, d.
+1770; Madame d'Arblay, 1818; Lord Melbourne; Hon. Mrs. Norton, 1841.
+
+The Young Pretender is said to have lodged here secretly when in London.
+
+Clarges Street was built 1716-18 on the site of Clarges House, the
+residence of Sir Walter Clarges, nephew of Anne Clarges, wife of Monk,
+Duke of Albemarle. Hatton in 1708 described it as a stately new
+building, inhabited by the Venetian Ambassador.
+
+Here lived: Admiral Earl St. Vincent, 1717; Earl Ferrers, 1717; Lord
+Archibald Hamilton, 1717; Lord Forester, 1717; Sir John Cope, 1746; Miss
+O'Neil, actress; Mrs. Delany, 1742-44; Mrs. Vesey, 1780; No. 2, W. T.
+Brandes, chemist, 1822-23; 3, Macaulay, 1838-40; 9, Daniel O'Connell,
+1835; 10, Sir Nicholas Wraxall, 1792; 11, Lady Hamilton, 1804-06,
+Countess Stanhope, 1807-29; 12, Edmund Kean, 1816-24; 14, William
+Mitford, 1810-22; 43, Charles James Fox, 1803; 47, at the corner of
+Piccadilly, a dull, ugly building, was formerly the residence of the
+Dukes of Grafton. In 1876 the Turf Club, established 1866, moved here
+from Grafton Street. Formerly the Arlington Club, it is now a great
+whist centre, and one of the most select clubs in London.
+
+Half-Moon Street, so called from a public-house at the corner of
+Piccadilly, was built in 1730.
+
+Here lived: Boswell, 1768; Shelley, 1813; No. 5, Mrs. Pope, actress, d.
+1797; 26, Dr. Merriman; 27, Lola Montes, 1849; 29, John Galt, 1830; 40,
+William Hazlitt, 1827-29; 45, the widow of Charles James Fox, 1809.
+
+On either side of Mayfair Chapel are East and West Chapel Streets, built
+_circa_ 1785. In the latter, at No. 7, lived Chantrey in 1804. They lead
+to Shepherd's Market, a congeries of small streets, which occupy the
+site of Brook Field, so called from Tyburn, which flowed through it.
+Here was held the May Fair, from which the district derives its name.
+First held in 1688, it lasted with many vicissitudes till the reign of
+George III., when the Earl of Coventry, d. 1809, procured its abolition.
+The ground in 1722 was an irregular open space, but in 1735 Shepherd's
+Market was built by Edward Shepherd, the lower story consisting of
+butchers' shops, and the upper containing a theatre where plays were
+given during the fair time. The block was built in 1860, and now
+consists of small provision shops.
+
+Whitehorse Street, built about 1738, is so called from a public-house.
+In Carrington Street (1738) was the residence of Kitty Fisher and of
+Samuel Carte, the antiquary. Here also was the Dog and Duck tavern,
+behind which was a pond 200 feet square, where the sport of duck-hunting
+was pursued in the eighteenth century. The site is now marked by Ducking
+Pond Mews. In Carrington Mews are the Curzon Schools in connection with
+Christ Church, Down Street; they were built about 1826, and provide
+tuition for 85 boys, 90 girls, and 110 infants. In Derby Street, No. 5
+is the parish mission-house, used also for parochial meetings. Little
+Stanhope Street was built about 1761, and leads to Hertford Street
+(1764), now chiefly inhabited by doctors.
+
+Here lived: Lord Charlemont, 1766; Lord Goderich, 1782; Earl of
+Mornington, 1788-97; No. 10, General Burgoyne, d. 1792; R. Brinsley
+Sheridan, 1796-1800; Mr. Dent, d. 1819; 11, Earl of Sandwich, d. 1792;
+12, George Tierney, 1796-99; 14, Earl Grey, 1799, Sir W. Jenner; 23,
+Robert Dundas, 1810, Charles Bathurst, 1822; 26, Earl of Liverpool, d.
+1818; 36, Lord Langdale, 1829, Lord Lytton, 1831-34; 37, Granville Penn,
+1822-24.
+
+In this street also the Duke of Cumberland, brother of George III.,
+married Miss Horton, the actress. On the site of Down Street (1730)
+stood Mr. Deane's school, where Pope was educated. The north end was
+called Carrington Place (1774) until 1867. On the west side is Christ
+Church, a building of great beauty erected in 1863, with a one-sided
+transept. The east window was presented by the Hope family. The street
+has been lately rebuilt with red-brick flats and chambers.
+
+Inhabitants: William Hazlitt, 1823-27; No. 8, Rev. H. F. Cary,
+translator of Dante; 22, Sir W. G. Nicholson.
+
+Brick Street at its southern end was until 1878 called Engine Street,
+from a water-wheel by the Tyburn, which here crossed Piccadilly.
+
+Piccadilly enters our district at the end of Bond Street, and forms its
+boundary as far as Hyde Park Corner. The origin of the name is obscure;
+the street is first so called in Gerard's "Herbal," 1633, but as early
+as 1623 (and up to 1685) a gaming-house named Piccadilly Hall stood near
+Coventry Street. In 1617, and for some years afterwards, the name
+"Piccadill" was given to a fashionable collar, according to Gifford,
+derived from _picca_, a spearhead, owing to the spiky nature of the
+folds. Hence it may have been applied as a nickname to the hall and
+street, but there are numerous other conjectural derivations. The name
+was originally given to the part extending from the Haymarket to
+Sackville Street. From that point to Brick Street was styled Portugal
+Row, from Catharine of Braganza, wife of Charles II. The stone bridge
+over Tyburn gave its name to the short distance between Brick Street and
+Down Street; west of that was Hyde Park Road. As the houses were built
+the name Piccadilly spread westwards, until, soon after 1770, the whole
+street was so called. From the Park to Berkeley Street was also
+popularly known as Hyde Park Corner, now confined to the actual vicinity
+of the Park. In the sixteenth century Piccadilly was a lonely country
+road known as the "Way to Redinge." In 1700 the western portion was
+occupied by statuary yards, which soon after 1757 gave way to houses.
+The remainder contains many large private houses, and in recent years
+has been further changed by the erection of numerous handsome
+club-houses. In 1844 it was widened between Bolton Street and Park Lane
+by taking in a strip of the Green Park with a row of trees, near the
+entrance to Constitution Hill, and throwing it into the roadway; and
+again in 1902 by cutting off a part of the Park. The following are the
+principal buildings:
+
+At the corner of Albemarle Street the Albemarle Hotel. Hatchett's
+restaurant, formerly called the New White Horse Cellar. After the
+resuscitation of stage-coaching in 1886, Hatchett's was a favourite
+starting-place, but is now little patronized. The new White Horse Cellar
+was named after the White Horse Cellar (No. 55) on the south side, so
+called from the crest of the House of Hanover, which existed in 1720,
+and was widely renowned as a coaching centre. It is now closed.
+
+Adjoining Hatchett's is the Hotel Avondale, named after the Duke of
+Clarence and Avondale. The house was opened as a dining club, the
+"Cercle de Luxe," in 1892, after the failure of which it was reopened as
+an hotel in 1895.
+
+No. 75 is the site of the Three Kings' Inn, where stood up to 1864 two
+pillars taken from Clarendon House.
+
+At the corner of Berkeley Street is the Berkeley Hotel and Restaurant,
+formerly the St. James's Hotel, which stands on the site of the
+Gloucester coffee-house.
+
+Opposite, at the corner of the Green Park, is Walsingham House, an
+enormous block built by Lord Walsingham in 1887, and on which he is said
+to have spent L300,000. It has been used as an hotel, and is shortly to
+be pulled down and rebuilt. Part of it was occupied by the Isthmian
+Club, established in 1882 for gentlemen interested in cricket, rowing,
+and other sports, which removed here from Grafton Street in 1887.
+
+Opposite Berkeley Street stood the toll-gate, removed to Hyde Park
+Corner in 1725. No. 78, adjoining it, is Devonshire House, the residence
+of the Dukes of Devonshire, which stands in a courtyard concealed from
+the street by a high brick wall, in which are handsome iron gates. It is
+an unpretending brick building built by Kent in 1735, with a large
+garden at the back. The interior is handsome, and contains a gallery of
+pictures by old masters, a large collection of prints, and the famous
+Devonshire collection of gems. On this site stood Berkeley House, built
+about 1655 by Sir John Berkeley on a property called Hay Hill Farm, the
+grounds then covering the present Lansdowne House and Berkeley Square,
+as well as Berkeley and Stratton Street. It came into the possession of
+the Cavendish family before 1697, but was destroyed by fire in 1733.
+Queen Anne, when Princess of Denmark, lived here from 1692 to 1695.
+Stratton Street, a cul-de-sac, was built about 1693 by Lady Stratton. At
+No. 1 lived Mrs. Coutts (Miss Mellon), afterwards Duchess of St. Albans,
+d. 1837. It now belongs to her heir, the Baroness Burdett-Coutts.
+
+Other inhabitants: Lord Willoughby, of Brook, 1698; Hon. George
+Berkeley, 1735; No. 2, Thomas Campbell, 1802; 7, William Gifford, 1797,
+Right Hon. Arnold Morley; 11, Roger Wilbraham, 1822-29, Lord Welby; 12,
+General Lord Lynedoch, d. 1803; 17, Earl of Clonmell.
+
+At No. 80, Piccadilly, Sir Francis Burdett was arrested for treason in
+1810, when he was imprisoned in the Tower. He was succeeded by the Duke
+of St. Albans. In 1849 Lady Guilford occupied the house.
+
+At No. 81 in 1807 was established Watier's Gambling Club, which lasted
+until 1819; it was named after the Prince Regent's cook, the manager. It
+afterwards became a public gaming-house, and is now a private residence.
+
+No. 82, Bath House, at the corner of Bolton Street, was built for
+Pulteney, Earl of Bath, who died 1764. The gardens then extended nearly
+to Curzon Street. It was rebuilt in 1821 for Lord Ashburton.
+
+At No. 89, the east corner of Half-Moon Street, lived Madame d'Arblay.
+
+At No. 94, Cambridge House (Naval and Military Club), standing in a
+courtyard, occupies the site of Carpenter's Statue Yard, which was
+succeeded by an inn. It was built in 1760 for the Earl of Egremont. The
+Marquis of Cholmondeley lived here 1809-29, after which the Duke of
+Cambridge was the owner until 1850. Lord Palmerston occupied it from
+1855 till his death in 1865, when it was purchased by the Naval and
+Military Club, established 1862, for officers of the army and navy, who
+made extensive alterations in 1878. This was the first club located in
+Piccadilly.
+
+No. 97, at the corner of Whitehorse Street, is a square white building;
+the New Travellers' Club (social and non-political) was established
+here. It now houses the Junior Naval and Military Club.
+
+No. 100 is the Badminton Club (proprietary), built on the site of a
+mews, and established in 1876 for gentlemen interested in coaching and
+field sports. Next door is the palatial house of the Junior
+Constitutional Club for members professing Conservative principles. On
+the site stood the town house of the Earls of Mexborough.
+
+No. 105, on the site of Jan Van Nost's figure-yard, the Earl of
+Barrymore built a house in 1870, which remained unfinished at his death.
+After being partially burned down, it was completed and opened as the
+Old Pulteney Hotel. Here the Emperor of Russia and his sister, the Grand
+Duchess of Oldenburg, stayed in 1814. In 1823 the house came into the
+possession of the Marquis of Hertford, who partially rebuilt it in 1861.
+His son, Sir Richard Wallace, sold it to Sir Julian Goldsmid, M.P., who
+died 1896. It is now the Isthmian Club. Near here stood the Queen's
+Meadhouse.
+
+No. 106, at the corner of Brick Street, stands on the site of the
+Greyhound Inn, which was purchased by Sir Henry Hunlocke in 1761. He was
+succeeded in 1764 by the Earl of Coventry, who built the present house,
+which became in 1829 the Coventry House Club. In 1854 it became the
+home of the St. James's Club, established in that year as a centre for
+the members of the British and foreign diplomatic bodies. Next door is
+the Savile Club, until 1836 the residence of Nathan Meyer Rothschild,
+the head of the banking firm.
+
+No. 116, Hope House, at the corner of Down Street, a handsome structure,
+was built by Mr. Hope in 1849 at a cost of L30,600, and was sold by his
+widow to the members of the Junior Athenaeum Club (social and
+non-political), established in 1866, which is now located there. The
+house was enlarged in 1887.
+
+The private houses west of Down Street were built about 1873.
+
+Two handsome houses, Nos. 127 and 128, were built about 1887. The first
+is the Cavalry Club, established in 1890 for officers of the cavalry and
+Yeomanry, and the second the Hyde Park Club.
+
+No. 137, Gloucester House, stands on the site of Dickinson's Statue
+Yard. It belonged to the Earl of Elgin in 1808, from whom it was
+purchased in 1811 by the Duke of Gloucester on his marriage with
+Princess Mary. He was succeeded by the present owner, the Duke of
+Cambridge.
+
+Other inhabitants of Piccadilly were: No. 96 (No. 15 Piccadilly west),
+Mr. Dumergue, with whom Sir Walter Scott resided in 1800; 99 (then 23),
+Sir William Hamilton, d. 1803; next door, Sir Thomas Lawrence; 114,
+Lord Palmerston, before 1855; 133, Kitty Frederick, mistress of the Duke
+of Queensberry, who built the house 1779; 139 (13, Piccadilly Terrace),
+Lord Byron, 1815; 138 and 139, the Duke of Queensberry, 1778-1810.
+
+Hamilton Place is a short but broad street, lined on the west with large
+and fashionable houses. The ground, then part of Hyde Park, was granted
+to Hamilton, Ranger of Hyde Park, 1660-84, who built a street of small
+houses, named Hamilton Street, a cul-de-sac. This was replaced in 1809
+by a street built by the Adams. In 1871, to relieve the congestion of
+the traffic, the roadway was carried through the Park Lane.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 1, Lord Montgomery, 1810 (Lord Chancellor Eldon built
+the present house); 2, Duke of Bedford, 1810-19, Earl Gower (Duke of
+Sutherland), Right Hon. Thomas Grenville, 1840-46, Duke of Argyle,
+1847-51; 3, Earl of Cork, 1810-50, Earl of Dalkeith, 1870; 4, Earl of
+Lucan, 1810, Duke of Wellington, 1814, Lord Grenville, 1822, Messrs.
+Labouchere, 1823-29, Henry Bevan, 1840-48, Earl of Northbrook, 1895; 5,
+Earl of Buckinghamshire, 1810-25, Marquis of Conyngham, 1870, Baron
+Leopold de Rothschild, 1895; 6, Right Hon. John Sullivan, 1810, Earl of
+Belmore, Lord Montagu, 1829, Earl of Home, 1843, Lord Southampton, 1847,
+W. Munro, 1848, Hon. B. J. Munro, 1870; 7, Earl of Shannon, 1810-22,
+William Miles, M.P., 1840-50. Nos. 7 and 8 are now the premises of the
+Bachelors' Club, established 1881, one of the most fashionable young
+men's clubs in London.
+
+The space between Hamilton Place and Apsley House is now occupied by six
+large houses.
+
+It was up to the middle of last century a row of mean buildings, many of
+them public-houses. Next to Apsley House stood, up to 1797, a noted inn,
+the Pillars of Hercules. In 1787 M. de Calonne built a mansion on the
+site now occupied by Nos. 146 and 147.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 142, Miss Alice de Rothschild, heiress of the late
+Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild; 145 was formerly Northampton House; 148,
+Nathaniel Meyer, first Baron Rothschild, G.C.V.O., P.C.
+
+Apsley House was built in 1778 by Lord Chancellor Apsley, Earl Bathurst,
+to whom the site was granted by George III. The ground was formerly
+occupied by the old Ranger's Lodge, and adjoining it was a tenement
+granted by George II. to Allen, a veteran of Dettingen, for a permanent
+apple-stall. In 1808 the house came into the possession of the Marquis
+Wellesley, and in 1816 into that of his brother, the Duke of Wellington,
+and it is now held by the fourth Duke.
+
+It was faced with stone, and enlarged by the Wyatts in 1828, and in 1830
+the Crown sold its interest in the building for L9,530. Further
+alterations were made in 1853. In the west gallery was held annually the
+Waterloo Banquet during the great Duke's life, and his study is still
+preserved intact. The house contains a good collection of pictures and
+many relics of the Napoleonic era.
+
+Hyde Park Corner was the entrance to London until 1825, when the
+turnpike was removed. Cottages existed here in 1655. It is now an open
+triangular space, much enlarged when a portion of Green Park was thrown
+into the roadway in 1888. In the centre, about 1828, was erected a
+triumphal arch, an imitation of the arch of Titus at Rome. This, in
+1846, was surmounted by a colossal equestrian statue of the Duke of
+Wellington by Matthew Wyatt, which, in 1888, was removed to Aldershot,
+and the arch shifted to the top of Constitution Hill. The vacant space
+is now occupied by an equestrian statue of Wellington by Boehm.
+
+In 1642 one of the forts for the defence of London against the Royalists
+was erected on the ground opposite the present Apsley House.
+
+The prolongation of Piccadilly to the westward is known generally as
+Knightsbridge, as far as the stone bridge which spanned the Westbourne
+at the present Albert Gate. Edward the Confessor granted the land to
+the Abbey of Westminster, and it was disafforested in 1218. After the
+Reformation Knightsbridge was preserved to the Abbey, and still belongs
+to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster. In 1725 the name was applied to
+the fields as far south as the King's Road (Eaton Square), but after the
+building of Belgravia it was restricted to the street fronting Hyde
+Park. Facing Hyde Park Corner is St. George's Hospital, established in
+1733; the residence of the Earls of Lanesborough previously occupied the
+site. The present building was erected from designs by William Wilkins,
+R.A., in 1828, and enlarged in 1831, 1859, and 1868. In the latter year
+the south-west wing was added. The question of the removal of the
+hospital is exciting much attention at present. In connection with the
+hospital is Atkinson Morley's Convalescent Hospital at Wimbledon. The
+following celebrated doctors have been attached to this hospital:
+Matthew Baillie, 1787-1800; John Hunter, 1768-93; Sir Benjamin Brodie,
+1808-40; Sir Prescott Hewett, 1848-91.
+
+Facing Hyde Park a row of well-built private houses now forms St.
+George's Place (1839), which, until lately, consisted of low brick
+buildings. One of these is now being pulled down to make way for the
+station of the new Piccadilly and Brompton Electric Railway. Close by is
+the Alexandra Hotel, built soon after the marriage of the present Queen,
+after whom it was named. Behind is Old Barrack Yard, which adjoined the
+old Guards Barracks, established about 1758. After being discontinued
+for troops, it was used as a depot until 1836, when the lease was sold
+and the building let out as tenements. The site is now occupied by St.
+Paul's Schools in Wilton Place. The houses beyond Wilton Place are being
+rebuilt further back to widen the roadway, which has hitherto been very
+narrow, and which during the afternoon in the season is often blocked by
+the traffic.
+
+Inhabitants: Dr. Parr; No. 14, Liston, actor, d. 1846.
+
+Park Side, the north side of Knightsbridge, is freehold of the Dean and
+Chapter, and rented by the descendants of Mr. Gamble of Trinity Chapel.
+Shops were erected here about 1810. At the east end stood the stocks in
+1805, and in 1835, close by, a watch-house and pound. The Queen's Head,
+an old inn dating from 1576, was pulled down in 1843. Trinity Chapel
+belonged to an ancient lazar-house or hospital, held by the family of
+Glassington under the Abbey of Westminster in 1595. The chapel was
+rebuilt in 1629 and 1699, and repaired in 1789. It was entirely
+restored and remodelled in 1861 at a cost of L3,300. A charity school,
+instituted about 1785, adjoined it until 1844, when it was removed and
+attached to St. Paul's. In Knightsbridge Chapel marriages were performed
+without banns or license in a manner similar to those at Mayfair Chapel.
+The most celebrated of these are: Sir Robert Walpole to Katherine
+Shorter, 1700; Henry Graham to the Countess of Derwentwater, daughter of
+Charles II., 1705.
+
+West of the chapel on the site of the hospital stood the Cannon Brewery,
+erected in 1804, and demolished in 1841 to make Albert Gate. The French
+Embassy, east of the gate, was built by Cubitt in 1852 for Hudson, the
+Railway King, and has lately been enlarged. The stone bridge was
+removed, and the stream arched over in 1841.
+
+[Illustration: MAYFAIR DISTRICT.
+
+Published by A. & C. Black, London.]
+
+In 1765 George II. attempted to buy the fields adjoining Buckingham
+Palace to the west, but as Granville refused to sanction the expenditure
+of L20,000 for the purpose, the property was bought by Lord Grosvenor
+for L30,000, and Grosvenor Place was built in 1767-70, overlooking the
+Palace gardens. It has always been a fashionable place of residence. The
+houses below St. George's Hospital were formerly small and plain. The
+best-known inhabitants were: No. 1, Dr. Lewes' School of Anatomy and
+Medicine; 4, Lord Egremont (the third); north corner of Halkin Street,
+the Earl of Carlisle, Byron's guardian.
+
+These houses were replaced in 1873-76 by five palatial stone houses
+built for the Duke of Grafton, Duke of Northumberland, Sir Anthony
+Rothschild, and Earl Stanhope.
+
+They are occupied now by: No. 1, the Wellington Club (proprietary),
+social and non-political; 2, Duke of Northumberland; 4 and 5, Lord
+Iveagh.
+
+At the south corner of Chapel Street stood the Lock Hospital,
+established in 1747, attached to which was a chapel, built 1764, and an
+asylum for penitent females, founded by the Rev. Thomas Scott in 1787.
+The chapel was celebrated for its preachers, which included Martin
+Madan, Thomas Scott, C. E. de Coeetlogon, Dr. Dodd, Rowland Hill, etc.
+The buildings, of red brick, and very plain, were pulled down in 1846,
+and the institution removed to Harrow Road. On the site were built
+Grosvenor Place Houses, renamed 18, 19, 20, Grosvenor Place in 1875. At
+No. 20 now lives Earl Stanhope.
+
+In Grosvenor Row, at the south end of Grosvenor Place, stood a court
+named Osnaburgh Row (1769), after the Duke of York, who was also Bishop
+of Osnaburgh. It was cleared away about 1843. Near it stood the Duke's
+Hospital for Invalid Guards, closed in 1846 and removed 1851. Adjoining
+it was an old inn, the Feathers.
+
+Other inhabitants: No. 6, Sir H. Campbell Bannerman; 15, Duke of Atholl,
+1773; 44, Hanoverian Embassy, 1859 (the King of Hanover stayed here in
+1853); 24, Bishop of Worcester, 1859; 46, Sir James Graham, 1868; 19,
+Sir Anthony Rothschild, 1859; 20, Earl Stanhope; 31, Earl Cathcart.
+
+The district bounded by Knightsbridge and Grosvenor Place, as far as
+Sloane Street and Ebury Street, is known as Belgravia, after Belgrave
+Square, which occupies the centre. Up to 1825 it was named the Five
+Fields, and was bare, swampy ground on which were a few market gardens.
+Only one road, the King's Road (Eaton Square), crossed it, though there
+were numerous footpaths, rendered insecure by the highwaymen and
+footpads who infested them. It was also a favourite duelling-ground. In
+1826 a special Act of Parliament empowered the owner, Lord Grosvenor, to
+drain the site, raise the level, etc., and in the course of the next few
+years Messrs. Cubitt and Seth Smith built the streets and squares which
+now rank as a fashionable centre with the neighbourhood of Grosvenor
+Square. The houses are mainly uniform in type--square, substantial,
+plaster-fronted structures, which give an aspect of monotony to the
+whole district.
+
+Belgrave Square, 10 acres in extent, is 684 feet long by 637 feet wide,
+and was designed by Basevi and built by Cubitt in 1825-28. The detached
+houses in the corners are by Philip Hardwick, R.A., and H. E. Kendall
+(west side). An enclosed garden occupies the centre.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 5, General Sir George Murray, d. 1846, Earl of
+Shaftesbury, d. 1886; 15, Duke of Bedford; 16, Sir Roderick Murchison,
+geologist, d. 1871; 12 (western corner house), the late Earl Brownlow,
+Earl of Ancaster; 18, Austro-Hungarian Embassy; 23, Viscountess
+Hambledon, widow of Right Hon. W. H. Smith; 32, Admiral Earl of
+Clanwilliam.
+
+The south corner house was built for Mr. Kemp of Kemptown. No. 24
+General Lord Hill occupied in 1837. After his death, Lord Ducie occupied
+it till 1853; 36, H.R.H. Duchess of Kent, 1840; 37, Earl of Sefton,
+1896; 45, Duchess of Montrose, d. 1895; 48, Viscount Combermere, d.
+1891; 49 was built in 1850 for Mr. Sidney Herbert, Duke of Richmond and
+Gordon; Earl of March.
+
+The principal approach to Belgrave Square is by Grosvenor Crescent, a
+broad and handsome street commenced in 1837, but not completed until
+about 1860. Where is now the south-west wing of St. George's Hospital
+stood Tattersall's famous auction mart for horses, etc., and
+betting-rooms. The establishment was started by Richard Tattersall,
+trainer to the last Duke of Kingston, about 1774, and was long popularly
+known as "the Corner." It was pulled down in 1866, and removed to
+Knightsbridge Green.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 5, Lord Ashbourne; 8, Right Hon. Sir George Trevelyan,
+Bart., M.P.; 11, Duke of Leeds; 14, C. Bulkeley Barrington, M.P.; 15,
+Grosvenor Crescent Club for Ladies. Behind the north-west side of the
+Square is Wilton Crescent, with a garden in the centre, and Wilton
+Place, both built by Seth Smith between 1824 and 1828.
+
+Inhabitants, Wilton Crescent: No. 16, Right Hon. James Lowther, M.P.;
+24, Henry Hallam, d. 1859; 20, Sir George Wombwell, Bart.; 26, Lord
+Lamington; 28, Lord De Ros; 30, Lord John Russell; 37, Lord Chewton, who
+was killed at the Battle of the Alma; 39, Rev. W. J. Bennett, 1850.
+
+Wilton Place stands on the site of a cow-yard, and is a broad street
+with fine houses on the east side. Here is St. Paul's Church, celebrated
+for the ritualistic tendencies of its successive vicars. It was built in
+1843 by subscription on the drill ground of the old barracks, and cost
+L11,000, the site being given by the Marquis of Westminster. The
+building by Cundy is handsome, in Early Perpendicular style, and has
+sittings for 1,800. It was enlarged and altered in 1889 and 1892, when
+a side-chapel, by Blomfield, was added. Adjoining is the Vicarage, and
+opposite are St. Paul's National Schools.
+
+Here lived: No. 4, Miss Reynolds, actress; 13, Hon. Thomas Stapleton,
+antiquary; 15, Sir James Macdonald, the defender of Hougoumont, d. 1857;
+21, Mr. Westmacott.
+
+In the adjoining Kinnerton Street (1826), so called from one of the
+Grosvenor estates, stood the dissecting school and anatomical museum of
+St. George's Hospital, removed to the new wing in 1868. At No. 75 is an
+institute for providing and promoting humane treatment of animals,
+founded by Lady Frances Trevanion _circa_ 1890. It is supported by
+voluntary contributions.
+
+Motcomb Street was built in 1828, and named after the property of the
+Dowager Marchioness of Westminster in Dorset.
+
+On the north side is the Pantechnicon, built _circa_ 1834 as a bazaar
+for the sale of carriages, furniture, etc.; it had also a wine and toy
+department. It was burnt down in 1874, but has been rebuilt, and is now
+used for storing furniture, etc.
+
+West Halkin Street and Halkin Place on the west side, and Halkin Street
+on the east side of the Square, are named after Halkin Castle, the Duke
+of Westminster's seat in Flintshire. The first contains a chapel of
+singular shape, the northern end being wider than the southern. It was
+built by Seth Smith as an Episcopal church, but is now Presbyterian.
+
+Halkin Street was commenced about 1807, but until 1826 it, as well as
+the other streets leading out of Grosvenor Place, terminated in a
+mud-bank, on the other side of which were the Five Fields. On the north
+side is Mortimer House, a plain brick building standing in a courtyard.
+It was the residence of the late Earl Fitzwilliam, but is now Lord
+Penrhyn's. Next to it is Belgrave Chapel (St. John's), a proprietary
+church in Grecian style, built in 1812, with accommodation for 800. The
+remaining houses are small and unpretending, as are those in Chapel
+Street, built 1775-1811, and so called from the Lock Hospital Chapel,
+which stood at the corner of Grosvenor Place. Here lived Mr. Richard
+Jones (Gentleman Jones). No. 24, General Sir W. K. Grant, d. 1825.
+
+On the other side of Belgrave Square, Chesham Place (1831) leads to a
+triangular space, with a small garden in the centre. Here lived: Madame
+Vestris, 1837; No. 37, Lord John Russell; 35, Sir Charles Wood, 1851;
+29, the Russian Embassy.
+
+The name is taken from the seat of the Lowndes family, the ground
+landlords. In Lowndes Street lived: No. 33, Colonel Gurwood, editor of
+"Wellington's Despatches"; 40, Mrs. Gore, novelist.
+
+In Chesham Street, at No. 7, lived Henry Parish, diplomatist.
+
+The feature of Lyall Street (1841) is Chesham House, at the corner, in
+which is the Russian Embassy, noted under Chesham Place. On the other
+side of Lyall Street is Lowndes Place, built about 1835. Eaton Place is
+a dull but broad and fashionable street.
+
+Inhabitants: General Caulfield; Sir Robert Gardiner, Sir H. Duncan, d.
+1836; Sir Thomas Troubridge, d. 1852; No. 5, Mr. Heywood, 1859; 14, Sir
+George Grey, 1859; 15, Lord Kelvin; 18, Dr. Lushington, 1859; 26, Sir
+Erskine Perry, 1859; 38, Mr. Justice Wightman, 1859; 80, Kossuth, 1851;
+84, Duke of Atholl; 87, Sir William Molesworth, d. 1853; 93, General Sir
+Archibald Alison, Bart.; and many others.
+
+Off Eaton Place is West Eaton Place, where lived General Sir Peregrine
+Maitland, d. 1852.
+
+Belgrave Place, so named in 1879 instead of Upper Eccleston Street; and
+Upper Belgrave Street, built _circa_ 1827, have the same general
+characteristics.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 2, Mrs. Gore; 3, Lord Charles Wellesley; 13, Earl of
+Munster, son of William IV., who shot himself in 1842. It is now Lord
+Harewood's residence.
+
+In Chester Street, commenced 1805, lived: No. 5, Right Hon. Sir
+Frederick Shaw, d. 1876; 7, Dr. Pettigrew, d. 1860; 12, Sir Douglas
+Galton, d. 1899; 13, Dr. Broughton, d. 1837; 27, Colonel Sibthorpe, d.
+1855.
+
+Wilton Street was begun in 1817. Here lived Mr. Spencer Perceval, son of
+the Minister.
+
+Grosvenor Place, Lower Grosvenor Place, Hobart Place, Eaton Square, and
+Clieveden Place occupy the site of the King's private road, which had
+existed before as a footpath, but was made a coach-road by Charles II.
+as a short-cut to Hampton Court. It ran along the north garden of Eaton
+Square, and crossed the Westbourne at Bloody Bridge, a name which dates
+as far back as 1590. On the north side, where is now Eaton Terrace, was
+a coppice which provided wood for the Abbey. Houses were first built on
+it about 1785, and in 1725 a turnpike existed at its junction with
+Grosvenor Place. Admission to the road was by ticket, but in 1830 it was
+thrown open to the public under the name of the King's Road. Part of
+Lower Grosvenor Place, however, was named Arabella Row in 1789, but
+became known by its present name in 1789. Here in a shabby house lived
+Lord Erskine after resigning the Lord Chancellorship in 1806.
+
+Hobart Place was first so called in 1836, but part of it was called
+Grosvenor Street West until 1869. It leads to Eaton Square, built by
+Cubitt in 1827-53. This is 1,637 feet long by 371 feet wide, 15 acres in
+extent, and contains six enclosed gardens. The houses are of the usual
+type. At the west end is St. Peter's Church, built in 1826 in Ionic
+style from designs by Hakewell at a cost of L21,515. An altar-piece by
+Hilton, R.A., was presented by the British Institution in 1828, but was
+removed in 1877, and is now in the South Kensington Museum. After being
+nearly burnt down in 1837, it was rebuilt by Gerrard, and in 1872 a
+chancel and transepts in Byzantine style, by Sir A. Blomfield, were
+added. The nave was remodelled in 1874, and further alterations have
+been made in the last ten years at a cost of L5,000. Here are buried
+Admiral Sir E. Codrington, d. 1851, and General Lord Robert Somerset,
+G.C.B. The Right Rev. G. H. Wilkinson, Bishop of St. Andrew's, was vicar
+from 1870-83.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 8, Sir R. T. Reid, K.C., M.P.; 16, Mr. Justice Willes,
+1859; 43, Lord Cottesloe; 60, Lord Sandhurst; 66a, Lord Walsingham,
+F.R.S.; 71, in 1809 the official residence of the Speaker; 74, Cardwell,
+1859; 75, Ralph Bernal, M.P., d. 1853, Mr. George Peabody, d. 1869,
+Viscount Knutsford; 76, Viscount Falkland; 83, Lord Chancellor Truro, d.
+1855; Lord Aberdare; 85, Sir Edward Malet, G.C.B., P.C.; 92, Admiral Sir
+Edward Codrington, d. 1851; 110, General Sir A. Codrington, 1859; 114,
+Lady Baden-Powell; 115, Earl of Ellenborough, 1859, Marquis of Hertford;
+Colonel Sibthorpe, d. 1855; Jacob Omnium (Mr. J. Higgins).
+
+Clieveden Place, first built over in 1826, was so named in 1890 from the
+Duke of Westminster's late estate near Cookham, instead of its original
+name, Westbourne Place.
+
+Between Clieveden Place and Pimlico Road the streets are narrow and
+unimportant. In Westbourne Street (1826), so called from the
+neighbouring Westbourne River, stood the York Hospital for invalid
+soldiers, removed to Chatham in 1819. On the east side is a Baptist
+chapel, a plain building, erected in 1825. Skinner Street (1842) and
+Whittaker Street (1836) lead to Holbein Place, built over the
+Westbourne, and called in 1877 "the Ditch." Leading from Whittaker
+Street are Passmore Street (1837) and Union Street, containing
+industrial dwellings.
+
+Inhabitants--Chester Place: Right Hon. Charles Buller, d. 1848. Chester
+Square: No. 19, Mantell, the geologist, d. 1852; 24, the poet Shelley's
+widow, d. 1851.
+
+The houses in Chester Square and the neighbourhood are not so
+pretentious as those in Belgravia, but it is still a fashionable place
+of residence. In South Eaton Place, near the south end, stood the Star
+and Garter Tavern, well known about 1760. The end of this street was
+called Burton Street (1826) until 1877. In Elizabeth Street, first
+called Eliza Street in 1820, and until 1866 divided into Upper Elizabeth
+Street, Elizabeth Street, and Elizabeth Street South, stood the Dwarf
+Tavern, noted about 1760. At the south end, near St. Philip's Parochial
+Hall and Parsonage, is St. Michael's Mission House, built in 1893.
+Gerald Road, 1834 until 1885 named Cottage Road, contains the station of
+the R Division of Police.
+
+Eccleston Street, with which in 1866 was incorporated Eccleston Street
+South, was so called from Ecclestone in Cheshire, where the Duke of
+Westminster has property. A house on the west side inhabited by Sir
+Frances Chantrey was pulled down during the construction of the
+underground railway. On the same side is the Royal Pimlico Dispensary,
+established in 1831. Part of the east side has been rebuilt. In
+Eccleston Place is the station of the Westminster Electric Supply
+Company, which supplies this district with electric light. In Lower
+Belgrave Street (1810), the lower end of which was till 1867 named
+Belgrave Street South, are St. Peter's National Schools, a large
+red-brick building with a playground, in connection with St. Peter's,
+Eaton Square.
+
+At the end of Grosvenor Place great improvements were made in 1868 by
+the building of Grosvenor Gardens, when Grosvenor Street West, and
+Upper and Lower Eaton Street were swept away.
+
+At No. 27, Upper Eaton Street, lived George Frederick Cooke, 1870; 25,
+Thomas Campbell, 1803; 19, Lower Eaton Street, Mrs. Abington, actress,
+1807, Mr. Pinkerton, 1802. The present houses are very large and
+handsome.
+
+Inhabitants: No. 1, Spanish Embassy; 46, Lord Herschell.
+
+On the west side, at the corner of Buckingham Palace Road, are Belgrave
+Mansions, built from designs by Cundy in 1868, a large block in French
+Renaissance style, with a frontage of nearly 300 feet. The ground-floor
+is occupied by shops, and above are five floors of flats. The centre of
+the open space is occupied by two triangular enclosed gardens, and is
+crossed by Ebury Street, once an open lane leading over the fields to
+Chelsea. Houses were built on it after 1750, and in 1779 the
+north-eastern end was named Upper Ranelagh Street and Ranelagh Street.
+The south-western end was Upper Ebury Street, but the whole was renamed
+Ebury Street in 1867. It is an uninteresting street of unpretending
+houses and shops. In Upper Ebury Street lived: Rodwell the composer;
+William Skelton, engraver, d. 1848; No. 174 is the Boys' School
+belonging to the parish of St. Barnabas.
+
+At the north-east end of Ebury Street is Victoria Square, a small square
+of plain houses built about 1837, out of which Albert Street leads to
+Grosvenor Place. In the square lived, at No. 8, Thomas Campbell,
+1841-43; 5, Earl of Mount Edgcumbe.
+
+At the other end, near Ebury Bridge, is Ebury Square, built about 1820
+on the site of Ebury Farm. This ancient property, which derives its name
+from the Saxon _ey_, water, and _burgh_, a fortified place, is mentioned
+in 1307, when permission was granted by Edward I. to John de Benstede to
+fortify it. In Queen Elizabeth's time it consisted of a farm of 430
+acres, let on lease for L21 per annum. In 1676 it came into the
+possession of the Grosvenor family, and in 1725 embraced a long narrow
+area, reaching from Buckingham House to the Thames between the
+Westbourne and the present Westmoreland Street.
+
+The square was partially destroyed in 1868, but the old houses remain on
+the north-west and south sides. In the centre is a garden, and the
+ground between it and Buckingham Palace Road is occupied by St.
+Michael's National Schools, opened in 1870, a spacious building,
+accommodating about a thousand scholars; there is a large playground.
+The site had been previously occupied by the Pimlico Literary
+Institution, built in 1830 from designs by J. P. Deering.
+
+On the remaining side a handsome block of industrial dwellings (Ebury
+Buildings) was built in 1872, when the old Flask Lane (1785) was swept
+away. The approaches on the north-west are Semley Place (1785), late
+Flask Row, and Little Ebury Street (1823). At the end of Avery Farm Row
+(probably a corruption of Ebury), opposite Ebury Bridge, is a
+drinking-fountain, erected in memory of the second Marquis of
+Westminster, d. 1869, by his widow.
+
+Buckingham Palace, which falls partly within St. George's district and
+partly within St. Margaret's, Westminster, has already been described in
+the volume on Westminster.
+
+The Royal Mews, the entrance to which is in Buckingham Palace Road,
+contains a large riding-school, a room for the state harness, stabling
+for the state and other horses, and houses for forty carriages. Here
+also are kept the old and new state coaches, the former of which was
+built in 1762 of English oak, with paintings by Cipriani, and cost
+L7,660.
+
+Buckingham Palace Road, now a broad street with large houses and shops,
+was in 1725 an open country road, known as the coach-road to Chelsea.
+The houses in it are rated under the name of Pimlico as late as 1786,
+but rows of houses under various names had been built earlier--Stafford
+Row in 1752, Queen's Row in 1766. These, with Victoria Road (1838),
+Stockbridge Terrace (1836), King's Road, Lower and Upper Belgrave Place
+and Belgrave Terrace (1826), were united under the name of Buckingham
+Palace Road in 1867, and in 1894 Union Place, Holden Terrace, and South
+Place were incorporated with it. The portion facing the Palace is named
+Buckingham Gate, and consists of seven large private houses. On this
+site, facing the Park, stood Tart Hall, the residence of Viscount
+Stafford (see "Westminster").
+
+Facing Grosvenor Gardens is the Grosvenor Hotel, opened in 1862 in
+connection with Victoria Station. The building, designed by Knowles, is
+272 feet long, 75 feet deep, and 150 feet high, and cost L100,000.
+
+Beyond, on the north side, a row of large red-brick houses has been
+built since 1883, containing Buckingham Palace Mansions (flats), the
+National Training School of Cookery, and the City of Westminster Public
+Baths. Here also is St. Peter's Institute, in connection with St.
+Peter's, Eaton Square, which cost L15,000. It consists of a club for 600
+men and 600 boys, with gymnasium, class-rooms, reading-room,
+concert-hall, etc.
+
+Buckingham Palace Gardens, also on the north side, is a row of large,
+ornamental, red-brick houses, newly erected, adjoining the Free Library
+built by Bolton and opened in 1894. On the first floor is a natural
+history collection presented by a parishioner. St. Philip's Church,
+built 1887-90, is a plain but spacious red-brick building, in Early
+English style by Brierley and Demaine, with seats (free) for 850.
+Adjoining is the Grosvenor Club and Grosvenor Hall, used for social
+entertainments, etc. Nearly the whole of the south side of the road has
+recently been demolished in view of the extension of Victoria Station.
+
+Inhabitants--Stafford Row: W. Ryland, engineer, executed for forgery
+1767; Mrs. Radcliffe, authoress of the "Mysteries of Udolpho"; Richard
+Yates, d. 1796. Lower Belgrave Place: No. 3, George Grote, historian
+(later 102, Buckingham Palace Road); 29 and 30, Sir Francis Chantrey,
+1814-41 (later 98, Buckingham Palace Road); 27, Allan Cunningham, poet,
+1824-42; 96, Henry Weekes, R.A. Buckingham Palace Road: E. B. Stephen,
+R.A., 1882.
+
+From the end of Buckingham Palace Road Chelsea was reached by the
+present Pimlico Road, so called in 1871, when the old names of Jews'
+Row, Grosvenor Row (1785), and Queen Street (1774) were abolished. The
+origin of the name Pimlico is uncertain. There was one also at Hoxton,
+where a certain Ben Pimlico kept a noted hostelry in Queen Elizabeth's
+time. It is now officially used to denote the whole district south of
+Knightsbridge, but is popularly confined to the part between Chester
+Square and the Thames. It began to be sparsely inhabited in 1680, after
+which date it is mentioned occasionally in the rate-books, and regularly
+after 1739.
+
+On the north side, near the east end, are two narrow streets--Clifford's
+Row (1785), and King Street (1785). At the corner of Ebury Street stood
+an old inn, the Goat and Compasses, now replaced by the Three Compasses
+public-house. Further on is the Chapel of St. John the Baptist, built
+about 1850 as a chapel of ease to St. Barnabas. Adjoining is the site of
+the Chelsea Bun House, in its best days kept by Richard Hand, "who has
+the honour to serve the Royal Family." It was celebrated by Swift in
+1711, and was taken down in 1839. Opposite stood Strombelo or Stromboli
+House, a minor place of amusement, at its height in 1788. Near here Nell
+Gwynne is said to have lived, and her name is kept up by the Nell Gwynne
+Tavern and a passage called Nell Gwynne Cottages.
+
+Between the Pimlico and Commercial Roads are several small streets. In
+Bloomfield Place stood St. John's School for girls, established in 1859
+under the auspices of the Sisterhood of St. John; adjoining, under the
+same management, St. Barnabas' Mission House and St. Barnabas'
+Orphanage, established in 1860. In Bloomfield Terrace lived at No. 1
+Captain Warner, inventor of the "long range," d. 1853.
+
+In Church Street (1846) stands the college of St. Barnabas, founded by
+Rev. W. J. Bennett. The buildings are of Kentish ragstone, were designed
+by Cundy, and contain a church, clergy house, and school-house with
+teacher's residence. The church, originally built as a chapel of ease to
+St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, is in Early Pointed style, and has a tower
+and spire of Caen stone 170 feet high, with ten bells. The edifice cost
+L15,000, and was at the opening signalized by ritualistic disturbances.
+The schools built on the site of the Orange Tavern and tea-gardens in
+the Pimlico Road were designed for 200 boys, 200 girls, and 200 infants,
+but a separate boys' school has been since built in Ebury Street.
+
+Ranelagh Grove occupies the site of The Avenue, which led from Ebury
+Bridge to old Ranelagh House, but now ends in the blank wall of Chelsea
+Barracks.
+
+In Ranelagh Terrace (now abolished), near Ebury Bridge, d. at No. 2 the
+Rev. T. Pennington, son of Elizabeth Carter, in 1852.
+
+Commercial Road (1842) is occupied by works and industrial dwellings
+(Gatcliff Buildings, 1867, and Wellington Buildings). On the west side
+is the wall of Chelsea Barracks.
+
+It leads by the Chelsea Bridge Road to the embankment at Victoria
+Bridge, a light and graceful suspension bridge designed by Page and
+opened in 1858. The structure, which cost L88,000, is built of iron, and
+rests on piers of English elm and concrete enclosed in iron casings. The
+piers are each nearly 90 feet in length by 20 feet in width, with curved
+cutwaters. The whole bridge is 915 feet long, 715 feet between
+abutments, the centre span 347 feet, side-spans each 185 feet, and there
+is a clear water-way of 21 feet above high-water mark. The roadway is
+made by two wrought-iron longitudinal girders extending the whole length
+of the bridge, suspended by rods from the chains. Toll-houses stand at
+each end, but it was purchased in 1879 for L75,000 as a free bridge.
+
+Near the end of the bridge stood the White House, a lonely habitation
+much used by anglers; opposite, on the Surrey side, was a similar
+building, the Red House. A short way to the east stood the Chelsea
+Waterworks, incorporated as a company in 1724, though waterworks seem to
+have existed here before that date. They extended, with the Grosvenor
+Canal and basin (now occupied by Victoria Station), over 89 acres, and
+supplied water to Chelsea, Knightsbridge, Belgravia, Pimlico, and part
+of Westminster. The company has now removed to Kingston, and the site is
+occupied by the western pumping-station of the main drainage system of
+London, built 1873-75 at a cost of L183,000.
+
+Graham Street (1827) incorporated with which in 1894 were Graham Street
+West and Gregory Street (1833), contains the Church of St. Mary the
+Virgin, a chapel of ease to St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, a red-brick
+building with a spire, built in 1872. Caroline Street (1834) is of no
+interest. Eaton Terrace (1826) was until 1884 named Coleshill Street. At
+the corner of Clieveden Place is an old proprietary chapel, Eaton
+Chapel, in Grecian style, built about 1800, with sittings for 1,200. A
+chapel existed here, however, before that date, known as the Five Fields
+Chapel.
+
+Chester Terrace was in 1878 amalgamated with Minera Street (1830), and
+in 1887 with Newland Street (1836).
+
+Chester Square is very long and narrow; it is five acres in extent, and
+was commenced about 1834. It has three enclosed gardens. At the west end
+is the handsome church of St. Michael, erected 1844-46 in the Decorated
+style from designs by Cundy. The tower has a lofty spire. The chancel
+was extended in 1874, and the building has on several occasions been
+enlarged and restored.
+
+Chester Place, at the east end of the square, was incorporated with it
+in 1874.
+
+The portion of our district lying between the Buckingham Palace Road
+and Grosvenor Canal and the eastern boundary forms an acute-angled
+triangle with the apex at Buckingham Palace. The streets north of
+Victoria Street, which lead into Buckingham Palace Road from the east,
+are narrow and unimportant. Here is Palace Street (1767), until 1881
+called Charlotte Street, after Queen Charlotte, the first royal occupant
+of the Palace. In it is St. Peter's Church, a plain building with seats
+for 200, which existed as Charlotte Chapel in 1770. Its most famous
+incumbent was Dr. Dodd, who was executed for forgery in 1777.
+Subsequently it was held by Dr. Dillon, who was suspended in 1840. It
+was then a proprietary chapel, but is now a chapel of ease to St.
+Peter's, Eaton Square; also St. Peter and St. Edward's Catholic Chapel.
+
+In Palace Place (until 1881 Little Charlotte Street) is St. Peter's
+Chapel School, established in 1830.
+
+The St. George's Union Workhouse, a large red-brick building, built in
+1884, stands in Wallis's Yard, off Princes Row (1767). Buckingham Palace
+(1840), Brewer Street (1811), and Allingham Street (1826) have no
+interest. The latter leads to Victoria Street, a broad thoroughfare
+opened in 1851, only the western end of which falls within the district.
+On the south side is the Victoria Station of the Metropolitan District
+Railway, commenced in 1863 and opened in 1868. The line runs in a curve
+underground from Sloane Square, crossing Ebury Street at Eaton Terrace,
+and Buckingham Palace Road at Grosvenor Gardens. From the Underground
+Station a subterranean passage leads to the Victoria terminus, the
+starting-point of the London, Brighton, and South Coast and London,
+Chatham, and Dover Railway Companies. The present station, which has no
+pretension to architectural beauty, is being greatly enlarged and partly
+rebuilt. It was built at a cost of L105,000, provided by the Victoria
+Station and Pimlico Railway Company, which, having acquired 91 acres of
+land, had built a temporary station and opened the line for the two
+companies' traffic in 1860. The bridge over the Thames was built about
+the same time by Fowler, and on it is the Grosvenor Road
+ticket-collecting station. The land occupied by the railways is freehold
+of the Victoria Company, and leased by the two lines. In 1863 the lines
+of the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway were widened to enable their
+trains to come into the station independently. The lines of the London,
+Brighton, and South Coast Railway are now being extended. The station of
+the latter is a West End branch, the headquarters being at London
+Bridge; but the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway have here their
+principal starting-point. The ground between Victoria Station and the
+river occupies the site of the old manor of Neyte, which belonged to the
+Abbey of Westminster until confiscated by Henry VIII. in 1536. It was a
+favourite residence of the Abbots, and here also lived John of Gaunt,
+and here John, son of Richard, Duke of York, was born in 1448. In 1592
+the manor became a farm and passed with the Ebury Estate into the
+possession of the Grosvenor family. The manor-house stood where is now
+St. George's Row, and in Pepys' time was a popular pleasure-garden.
+Between the Willow Walk (Warwick Street) and the river were the Neat
+House Gardens, which supplied a large part of London with vegetables.
+The name lingered until the present century among the houses on the
+river-bank, and is still commemorated by Neat House Buildings in
+Ranelagh Road. The whole area was low-lying and swampy, and the
+neighbourhood of Eccleston Square was occupied by a vast osier bed. In
+1827, however, Cubitt raised the level of the district by depositing the
+earth excavated from St. Katharine's Docks, and the present houses and
+squares were gradually completed. The whole district is singularly
+uninteresting, the streets of good breadth, and the houses faced with
+plaster of the type we have seen in Belgravia. North of Belgrave Road
+the streets are occupied by the poorer classes, but the squares and
+principal streets in this neighbourhood are tenanted by the wealthy. The
+southern portion is dully respectable, and most of the houses are let in
+lodgings. The eastern end of Warwick Street and Lupus Street contain the
+only shops, and those of no great size or importance. The streets, with
+their principal buildings, are as follows:
+
+The Vauxhall Bridge Road, commenced after 1816, but first mentioned
+under that name in 1827. The following terraces were incorporated with
+it in 1865: Bedford Place (1826), Trellick Place (1826), York Place
+(1839), Pembroke Place, Gloucester Place, Windsor Terrace, Shaftesbury
+Crescent (1826), Howick Place and Howick Terrace (1826).
+
+Wilton Road (1833), with which, in 1890, was incorporated Wilton
+Terrace, skirts the east side of Victoria Station. In it stands the
+Church of St. John the Evangelist, a chapel of ease to St. Peter's,
+Eaton Square. It is a handsome red-brick edifice, built by Blomfield in
+1875, and it accommodates about 900. Behind, in Hudson's Place, are St.
+Peter's Mission House and parish room.
+
+Gillingham Street (1826), Hindon Street (1826), Berwick Street (1830),
+and St. Leonard's Street (1830) are mean and uninteresting.
+
+Warwick Street occupies the site of the ancient Willow Walk, a low-lying
+footpath between the cuts of the Chelsea Waterworks, where lived the
+notorious Aberfield (Slender Billy) and the highwaymen Jerry Abershaw
+and Maclean. It is first mentioned in the rate-books in 1723.
+
+Belgrave Road (1830) is a broad, well-built street, with large houses.
+In 1865 Eccleston Terrace, North and South Warwick Terrace, Upper
+Eccleston Place, and Grosvenor Terrace, were incorporated with it.
+Nearly opposite Eccleston Square is Eccleston Square Chapel
+(Congregational), in Classical style, with seats for 1,100. The railway
+is crossed by Eccleston Bridge. Eccleston Square is 4 acres in extent,
+and is long and narrow, with an enclosed garden, built in 1835.
+
+Warwick Square, of 3 acres, is very similar, and was built in 1843. At
+the end stands St. Gabriel's Church, built by Cundy in Early English
+style, and consecrated in 1853.
+
+St. George's Road is a broad street joined to Buckingham Palace Road by
+Elizabeth Bridge.
+
+In Gloucester Street is the Belgrave Hospital for Children, founded in
+1866 by the late Rev. Brymer Belcher, Vicar of St. Gabriel's, 1853-85.
+The objects of this charitable institution are:
+
+1. The medical and surgical treatment of the children of the poor.
+
+2. The promotion of the study of children's diseases.
+
+3. The training of pupil nurses.
+
+Clarendon Street (1858) absorbed Warwick Place in 1870. Stanley Street
+(1851) was renamed Alderney Street in 1879, Winchester Street 1852,
+Cumberland Street 1852.
+
+Ebury Bridge is the oldest of the bridges over the railway and canal. It
+was known in early days as Chelsea, and afterwards as Waterworks Bridge,
+a wooden structure. A turnpike existed here until 1825. At the south end
+stood Jenny's Whim, a celebrated tavern and pleasure-garden, perhaps
+named from the name of the proprietress and the fantastic way it was
+laid out. It was in the height of its popularity about 1750, and came to
+an end _circa_ 1804. When the railway was widened in 1863 all vestiges
+of it were swept away.
+
+St. George's Row was built as Monster Row _circa_ 1785, and renamed in
+1833. Here was the site of the manor-house of Neyte. The Monster
+public-house commemorates the old Monster tavern and garden, the name
+being probably a corruption of monastery.
+
+At the corner of Warwick Street are the Pimlico Rooms, containing a hall
+for entertainments, etc., and occupied by the Ebury Mission and Pimlico
+day-school for boys, girls, and infants. Adjoining the railway is a
+double row of industrial dwellings, built by the trustees of the Peabody
+fund under the name of Peabody's Buildings.
+
+Westmoreland Street (1852) contains the Pimlico chapel for United Free
+Methodists.
+
+Lupus Street (1842) is named after Hugh Lupus, Earl of Chester, an
+ancestor of the Duke of Westminster. It contains a hospital for women
+and children.
+
+At the eastern end is St. George's Square (1850), a long narrow space
+reaching to the river with an enclosed garden in the centre. The houses
+are large. At No. 9 Sir J. Barnby d. 1896.
+
+At the north end is St. Saviour's Church, built in 1864 from designs by
+Cundy in a Decorated Gothic style. It has sittings for 1,834, and was
+restored in 1882. To the east are Pulford Street (1848) and Aylesford
+Street, in which is St. Saviour's Mission House, built by the Duke of
+Westminster at a cost of L4,000. It serves also for parochial meetings.
+Here also are the works of the Equitable Gas Company, established 1830.
+
+In Claverton Street (1852) is a Methodist Wesleyan chapel, in Classical
+style, with seats for 1,000.
+
+In Glasgow Terrace (1851), formerly Caledonia Street, are St. Saviour's
+and St. Gabriel's National Schools. This neighbourhood contains many
+works and offices, the largest of which is Taylor's repository for
+storing property. Along the river runs the Grosvenor Road, part of the
+Thames Embankment. The houses built on and near it were generally known
+in the last century as the Neat Houses. Terraces with various
+names--Albion Terrace, Pier Terrace, Erin Place (1826), Thames Parade
+(1827), Thames Bank (1828)--were incorporated with the road in recent
+years. Facing the river is All Saints' Church, a chapel of ease to St.
+Gabriel's, by Cundy, built _circa_ 1870 to replace a mission church;
+opposite it is the Pimlico Pier for river steamboats. Adjoining St.
+George's Square is the Army Clothing Factory, established in 1857 in the
+Vauxhall Bridge Road as an experiment to provide labour for women. The
+present establishment was opened in 1859, and has since been largely
+increased, occupying a space of about 7 acres. The east block is the
+Government store, the west the factory, the centre of which is occupied
+by a glass-roofed hall, three stories high, surrounded by spacious
+galleries.
+
+[Illustration: BELGRAVIA DISTRICT.
+
+Published by A. & C. Black, London.]
+
+
+
+
+PADDINGTON
+
+BY G. E. MITTON
+
+
+_Derivation._
+
+The origin of the word Paddington is very obscure. Mr. Edwards in his
+"Names of Places" gives "Pad, padi, A.S. equivalent to Paeda, King of
+Mercia; hence Paddington, the town of Paeda's descendants."
+
+Paddington is not mentioned in Domesday Book.
+
+The boundaries of the borough of Paddington are not quite coterminous
+with those of the parish. It is true that the alteration is not great.
+On the east Edgware Road and Maida Vale still mark the limits with a
+line as straight as that drawn by a ruler. On the south Bayswater Road
+serves a similar purpose as far as the Serpentine, where the boundary
+dips to include part of the Gardens; these are the same as the old
+boundaries. The present line, however, returns northward up the Broad
+Walk to Bayswater Road instead of up Kensington Palace Gardens. From
+Bayswater Road it follows Ossington Street, Chepstow Place, Westbourne
+Grove, Ledbury Road, St. Luke's Road, and crosses the railway lines
+northward to Kensal Road, having from the Bayswater Road been either a
+little within or without the parish line, doubtless so drawn for
+convenience' sake, as it follows streets and not an arbitrary division.
+From Kensal Hall the line follows the canal to Kensal Green Cemetery,
+and, going northward, returns east along Kilburn Lane, thus including a
+bit of ground previously owned by Chelsea. From Kilburn Lane the
+northern boundary dips down between Salisbury Crescent and Malvern Road,
+and up again by Kilburn Park Road; in this last part it remains
+unaltered.
+
+The Westbourne stream formerly ran right through the district. It rose
+in Hampstead, flowed through Kilburn, and followed the trend of the
+present Cambridge and Shirland Roads, though keeping on the east side of
+the place where these streets now stand. It crossed the Harrow Road, and
+ran on the west side of the present Gloucester Terrace until it reached
+the Uxbridge Road. It fed the Serpentine, and, crossing the road at
+Knightsbridge, formed the eastern boundary of the Chelsea parish.
+
+A stream somewhat similar in course was the Tyburn, which also rose at
+Hampstead, but flowed through the parish of Marylebone, the ancient
+Tyburnia. This was considerably to the east of Paddington, and has been
+treated in the Marylebone section. Oxford Street was the ancient Tyburn
+Road, and the gallows stood opposite the Marble Arch.
+
+In Rocque's map (1748) only the Westbourne is marked, but we see Tyburn
+Turnpike at the junction of the Edgware Road, and near by "the stone
+where soldiers are shot." These things do not belong properly to
+Paddington, but are too intimately connected with it to be passed over
+without comment. The Edgware Road itself is the old Watling Street,
+which was continued at first down Park Lane to the ford at Westminster,
+and which afterwards, when London Bridge was built, followed the course
+of Oxford Street and Holborn to the Bridge. Edgware was the name of the
+first town through which it passed after the forests of Middlesex.
+Newcourt says "the parish of Edgeware or Edgeworth consisteth of one
+main street ... ten miles north-westward from London."
+
+In Rocque's 1748 map the district is nearly all open ground; part of the
+Harrow Road is marked, and there are a few houses on it near the Edgware
+Road. The Green Lane, now Warwick Road, runs into it from the north. The
+Pest House is marked prominently about where the chapel stands in Craven
+Terrace in the south of the parish. Below is marked "Bayswatering."
+Queen's Road is Westbourne Green Lane, and the green itself is very
+nearly where Royal Oak Station now stands. About it there are a few
+scattered houses.
+
+
+_History._
+
+"King Edgar gave the Manor of Paddington to Westminster Abbey;" this
+Lysons affirms without any comment. Dart varies the tradition slightly
+by asserting that it was Dunstan and not the King who presented the
+manor to the Abbey. But later writers have thrown discredit on both
+statements. Paddington is not mentioned in the Conqueror's Survey, which
+points to the fact that it was not at that date a separate manor.
+Robins, on the authority of the Rev. Richard Widmore, for many years
+librarian to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, boldly states that the
+documents supposed to prove this gift are undoubted forgeries.
+
+Newcourt says, "the Manor and Rectory of Paddington (which of old did
+belong to the monastery of Westminster)," etc. The first authentic
+mention of the manor is in a document "in the thirty-first year of Henry
+II.," drawn up between "Walter Abbot of Westminster and Richard and
+William de Padinton, brothers, touching the entire tenement which they
+held in Padinton of the Church of Westminster," whereby they gave up
+their hold on the land in consideration of a sum of money. This Abbot
+Walter gave, we are told, the manor of Paddington for the celebration of
+the anniversary of the day on which he died.
+
+For this festival
+
+    "the manor of Paddington is put wholly into the hands of the
+    Almoner ... and whatsoever shall be the final overplus shall be
+    expended charitably in distribution to the poor. On the day of
+    celebration the Almoner is to find for the Convent fine manchets,
+    cakes, crumpets, cracknells, and wafers, and a gallon of wine for
+    each friar, with three good pittances, or doles, with good ale in
+    abundance at every table, and in the presence of the whole
+    brotherhood: in the same manner upon other occasions the cellarer
+    is bound to find beer at the usual feasts or anniversaries on the
+    great tankard of twenty-five quarts.
+
+    "He shall also provide most honourably and in all abundance for the
+    guests that dine in the refectory, bread, wine, beer, and two
+    dishes out of the kitchen besides the usual allowance. And for the
+    guests of higher rank who sit at the upper table under the bell,
+    with the president, ample provision shall be made as well as for
+    the Convent: and cheese shall be served on that day to both.
+
+    "Agreement shall likewise be made with the cook for vessels,
+    utensils, and other necessaries, and not less than two shillings
+    shall be given over above for his own gratification and indulgence.
+    The Almoner is likewise to find for all comers in general, from the
+    hour when the memorial of the anniversary is read to the end of the
+    following day, meat, drink, hay and provender of all sorts in
+    abundance: and no one either on foot or horseback during that time
+    shall be denied admittance at the gate."
+
+There are further provisions for allowances to the nuns at "Kilborne,"
+and 300 poor who were to have a "loaf of mixed corn" and a "pottle of
+ale." The above is taken from Dr. Vincent's translation of the MS. He
+was Dean of Westminster in 1804. Mr. Loftie says: "Westbourne was
+probably at a very early period separated from the original manor of the
+Church of St. Peter.... Of Paddington we only know that it was
+separated from the manor of Westminster at some time between Domesday
+Survey and the middle of the twelfth century. It was restored to its
+original owners ... by the above mentioned agreement between Abbot
+Walter and the brothers Padinton."
+
+Mr. Loftie says also that Westbourne and Paddington are named together
+in 1222 among the possessions of St. Margaret's. He is unable to
+ascertain how the manor of Westbourne came to belong to the Abbot of
+Westminster. In the reign of the second Edward several inquisitions of
+land were made which are quoted by Robins in his "Paddington, Past and
+Present." In one we find mentioned "that Walter de Wenlock [a second
+Abbot Walter] had acquired to himself and his house ... twelve acres of
+land in Padinton of William de Padinton, and three and a half acres of
+Hugh de Bakere of Eye, and thirteen acres of land in Westbourn of John
+le Taillour, and eleven acres of land there of Matilda Arnold, and two
+acres of land there of Juliana Baysevolle, after the publication of the
+statute edited concerning the nonplacing of lands in mortmain, and not
+before. And they (the commissioners) say that it is not to the damage
+nor prejudice of the Lord the King, nor of others, if the king grant to
+the Prior and Convent of Westminster that the Abbots of that place for
+the time being may recover and hold the aforesaid messuages and land to
+them and their successors for ever."
+
+But the Abbot had to pay the King a small yearly sum, and cause certain
+services of reaping and ploughing to be performed for him, which showed
+that he held the land in some sense subject to the Crown. In Henry
+VII.'s reign his mother, the Countess of Richmond, bought certain lands
+in Kensington, Willesden, Paddington, and Westbourne. She left the
+greater part of her possessions to Westminster, so that the Abbey lands
+in this vicinity must have been increased. The manor acquired by the
+Countess seems to have consisted chiefly of two farms--Notting Barns in
+Kensington, and "Westborne" in Paddington; the former is fully dealt
+with in the section devoted to Kensington. Besides the lands left to the
+Abbey, she bequeathed part of her possessions to the Universities of
+Oxford and Cambridge.
+
+In the account of the Church property which fell into Henry VIII.'s
+hands at the dissolution of the monasteries we find mentioned
+"Westborne."
+
+King Henry also held other lands here, which he had obtained by exchange
+or purchase. He made Paddington a part of the endowment of the new See
+of Westminster. After the abolition of that See Edward VI. gave "the
+mannor and rectory of Paddington" to Dr. Nicholas Ridley, then Bishop
+of London, "and his successors for ever" (Newcourt).
+
+Westbourne remained in the possession of the Dean and Chapter of
+Westminster; thus the two manors parted company. Paddington was
+confiscated during the Commonwealth, but was claimed by Bishop Sheldon
+at the Restoration. It was restored to him, and he let it to his nephew,
+Sir Joseph Sheldon, knight, and Daniel Sheldon. It was held by the
+Sheldon family until 1740, when it was let by Gibson, the Bishop of
+London, to Sir John Frederick, in whose family it remained for many
+generations.
+
+
+_Perambulations._
+
+A survey of London in 1827 shows us very few streets in the quarter to
+the south of Praed Street and east of Westbourne Terrace and Street.
+Connaught Square and Connaught Place are marked, and the curious
+rectangular piece of ground of about 5 acres belonging to St. George's,
+Hanover Square. This was bought by St. George's Vestry in 1764, when the
+land was surrounded by fields, and was suitable for a cemetery. Among
+others buried there was Laurence Sterne, whose body is said to have been
+exhumed by body-snatchers. But this ground does not belong to
+Paddington. In the above-mentioned survey Cambridge Street is Sovereign
+Street, and the oval piece with Southwick Crescent at one end is Polygon
+Crescent, a name now only retained in Polygon Mews.
+
+Hyde Park Gardens is marked "Intended Crescent," but except in the
+triangular corner, now bounded by Cambridge and Albion Streets, there
+are few houses.
+
+Cambridge Street and Oxford and Cambridge Terraces and Squares preserve
+in their names the memory of the gift of the Countess of Richmond to
+those universities.
+
+In Southwick Crescent stands St. John's Church, built originally in
+1826, and then known as Connaught Chapel. In 1832 a district was
+allotted to the chapel. In 1844 a portion of this was transferred to the
+new church of St. James. Four years later St. John's obtained a portion
+of the chapelry district, and in 1859 the district itself was made into
+a new parish. Part of the new parish was transferred to St. Michael and
+All Angels in 1864. The church is in a late Gothic style. It was
+completely renovated during 1895, when the present reredos was added.
+
+In Titchborne Road are St. John's Schools. In Junction Mews, off Sale
+Street, is a boatmen's chapel. In Market Street is one of the Dudley
+Stuart night refuges for the destitute. And to the north, in Praed
+Street, is a small Baptist tabernacle with painted front, and further
+westward the church and schools of St. Michael and All Angels. The
+church was built in 1862; it is in the Decorated style, and the
+architect was Mr. Hawkins. Its predecessor was a chapel of ease to St.
+John's, but in 1859 the district was made separate. The organ is by
+Hill.
+
+In Norfolk Square we find All Saints' Church. This has been lately
+rebuilt, having been burnt down on May 31, 1894. The old church was
+consecrated on All Saints' Day, 1847, and its architecture is described
+as having been "Gothic of the eleventh century." The first architect was
+Mr. Clutton. The building was restored and the chancel added in 1873
+from Mr. J. Brooks's designs.
+
+The new church is striking, being of red brick with terra-cotta
+mouldings over the doors and windows. The architect was Ralph Nevill,
+F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A. The old walls that remained have been engrafted into
+the new building. The organ is by Hill. The floor of the church is of
+mosaic, and stalls, screens, and nave seats are of Burmese wood, called
+padouk. The church is lit by electric light.
+
+In the 1827 map a spot at the extreme end of Stanhope Street, just where
+it touches Westbourne Street, is marked Archery Ground, and a little to
+the north, at the corner of Bathhurst Street, are "Bagnigge Wells,"
+probably named after the more famous Bagnigge Wells, near Gray's Inn
+Road.
+
+In Maitland's "History of London" we are told that in the year 1439 the
+Abbot of Westminster granted to the Mayor and citizens of London one
+head of water containing twenty-six perches in length and one in
+breadth, together with all its springs in the manor of Paddington, for
+which two peppercorns were to be paid annually. In these wells of water
+we have the origin of the latter part of the word Bayswater. Some
+writers affirm that the name originated in a public-house kept by a Mr.
+Bays, where horses were given water, hence the more ancient rendering
+"Bayswatering." Lysons says of it, "The springs at this place lie near
+the surface, and the water is very fine." He adds, "The conduit at
+Bayswater belongs to the City of London, and, being conveyed by brick
+drains, supplies the houses in and about Bond Street, which stand upon
+the City lands."
+
+Robins quotes an Act (49 George III.) in which "Byard's Watering Place"
+is mentioned in Tyburn.
+
+In George III.'s reign the mayor and citizens were empowered by an Act
+of Parliament to see their water rights at Bayswater, which was done for
+the sum of L2,500.
+
+Robins says that a Juliana Baysbolle held land in Westbourne, and
+conjectures that the former part of her name may have descended to the
+place. He adds: "At the end of the fourteenth century we find from
+Tanner's note, before quoted, that the head of water given by the Abbot
+was called Baynard's Watering Place; and although this may have been the
+name used in legal documents for the district surrounding it, yet
+Bayswatering has been the name used by the people."
+
+From the springs doubtless arose the names of Brook's Mews, Conduit
+Mews, Spring Street West, and Eastbourne Terraces.
+
+Bayswatering is marked on Rocque's 1748 map at a spot nearly due south
+of Christ Church. St. James's Church was built and made parochial in
+1845. Loftie says that then "the parish for the fourth time changed its
+patron and reverted to its former saint."
+
+The old parish church will be noticed at Paddington Green, on which it
+stands. The new church of St. James's, one of the finest modern churches
+in London, was rebuilt, with the exception of the tower and spire, in
+1882, the material used being flint, and the design was the last of G.
+E. Street's. The chancel is now at the west end, having been transformed
+at the time of rebuilding. There are some very fine stained-glass
+windows, and the organ is by Hill. The walls of the chancel and nave are
+faced with Devonshire marble, and the pulpit and font are of the same
+material. The reredos, of the Last Supper, is a marble bas-relief. The
+old registers are now held by St. James's, and contain some interesting
+entries, notably those referring to burials in the time of the Great
+Plague. Among other items there are the following, which, it must be
+remembered, really refer to the old church:
+
+"William Hogarth, esq., and Jane Thornhill of St. Paul's, Covent Garden,
+married March 23, 1729."
+
+"Joseph Francis Nollekens, buried Jan. 24, 1747." This was the father of
+the famous sculptor.
+
+"Sarah Siddons, buried June 11th, 1831."
+
+On the east side of Craven Terrace is a finely-built Congregational
+Church. This is in a decorated style, with a large wheel window and
+elaborately ornamented pinnacles. It was built between forty and fifty
+years ago, and contains seats for about 700 people. St. James's Schools
+are opposite. Craven Terrace and Hill, and Hill Gardens, recall the
+memory of the fine old Earl Craven, who remained in London during the
+1665 plague, when most of those able to do so had fled. He married the
+titular Queen of Bohemia, a daughter of James I., whom he had loved
+devotedly all his life.
+
+The pest-house marked so prominently on Rocque's map was almost on the
+site of the present Craven Terrace Chapel. Lord Craven gave a site at
+Soho for the purpose of a burial-ground, having seen the difficulty
+attending burial after the plague of 1665, and also for a cottage
+hospital for the suburbs. When this site was built over, he gave another
+site, presumably the pest-house marked by Rocque. Lysons says, "which if
+London should ever again be visited by the plague is still subject to
+the said use"--a sentence which reads quaintly in these days of the
+Intramural Burials Act.
+
+Lord Craven's own house was further westward. Lysons says: "Lord Craven
+has an estate in this parish, called Craven Hill, on which is a small
+hamlet very pleasantly situated." It was to Lord Craven's house Queen
+Anne first took her little son on account of his health, but, finding it
+too small for the numerous retinue, she afterwards removed to Campden
+House. Christ Church, in Lancaster Gate, is in a decorated style of
+Gothic. It was consecrated July 17, 1855, and the architects were
+Messrs. F. and H. Francis. It contains a very fine marble pulpit, and a
+fresco reredos, enclosed in a heavy stone setting. Though Paddington is
+of such modern date, the streets are not conveniently built; it is
+frequently necessary to walk the whole length of a street or terrace
+for lack of a cross-cut into a parallel one, and this is particularly
+noticeable just at this part. In Queen's Road there is a United
+Methodist Free Church, built in 1868 of white brick with stone facings.
+It has an open arcade on to the street. The interior is circular, and
+seats about 900 persons. In the Bayswater Road are many palatial houses
+facing Kensington Gardens. Orme Square, on the north side of the road,
+was built in 1815, and is therefore ancient for Paddington. It was
+doubtless named after Mr. Edward Orme, of Bayswater, who built a chapel
+at his own expense in Petersburgh Place 1818. In Petersburgh Place there
+is a large red-brick synagogue in the Byzantine style. It was opened in
+March, 1879. The walls are lined with slabs of alabaster set in marble,
+and the details of the fittings are rich in gilding. The pillars are of
+light-green marble from the quarries near Sion in the Rhone Valley.
+These decorations are the result of many separate memorial gifts.
+Further northward, on the west side of Petersburgh Place, is the fine
+church of St. Matthew, consecrated on May 20, 1882. The church contains
+1,550 seats, of which 355 are free. The church is in an Early English
+style, and has an immensely high spire. Westward is what was known as
+the Shaftesbury House Estate, through which Palace Court now runs.
+Lysons says "Little Shaftesbury House in this parish (near Kensington
+gravel pits), the seat of Ambrose Godfrey, Esq., is said to have been
+built by the Earl of Shaftesbury, author of the 'Characteristics,' or
+his father the Chancellor."
+
+The borough boundary turns out of Kensington Gardens in Palace Gardens,
+and, crossing the Bayswater Road, goes up northward between Ossington
+Street and Clanricarde Gardens. North of Moscow Road there is a Greek
+church of St. Sophia, built of red brick with a high central dome.
+
+There is a small Baptist chapel at the back of Porchester Gardens.
+Across the Queen's Road there are St. Matthew's Parochial Schools, built
+in 1831, enlarged 1861. Further northward in Queen's Road are the
+capacious buildings of the Paddington Public Baths and Washhouses,
+erected at a cost of L40,000.
+
+Holy Trinity Church, in Bishop's Road, was consecrated July 30, 1846,
+and considerably renovated in 1893. It is a very handsome church, of
+Kentish ragstone, in the Perpendicular style, with quatrefoil parapet,
+ornamental pinnacles and spire. The site on which it stands was formerly
+a deep hole, and consequently the cost of foundations alone came to
+L2,000.
+
+Almost on the spot where Royal Oak Station now is was once the rural
+Westbourne Green, companion to Paddington Green further eastward. In
+Rocque's time there were a few scattered houses here. At Westbourne
+Farm, which stood until about 1860, Mrs. Siddons lived for some time.
+Lysons says: "A capital messuage called Westbourne Place, with certain
+lands thereto belonging, was granted by Henry VIII. anno 1540 to Robert
+White. This estate was some years ago the property of Isaac Ware, the
+architect (editor of Palladio's works and other professional
+publications), who, with the materials brought from Lord Chesterfield's
+house in Mayfair (which he was employed to rebuild), erected the present
+mansion called Westbourne Place a little to the south of the old house,
+which was suffered to stand several years longer. Westbourne Place was
+sold by Ware's executors to Sir William Yorke, Bart., Lord Chief Justice
+of the Common Pleas in Ireland, who resided there a short time and
+afterwards let it to a Venetian Ambassador. In the year 1768 he sold it
+to Jukes Coulson, Esq., who expended a very considerable sum in
+enlarging the house and laying out the grounds. The library which he
+added to the house is said to have cost about L1,500. The situation is
+extremely pleasant, and so uncommonly retired that a person residing
+here could hardly conceive himself to be in a parish adjoining that of
+St. George's, Hanover Square." The vast meshes of the railway network at
+present on the spot are in eloquent contrast to the above. Further down
+in the Porchester Road is the Westbourne Park Chapel, a red-brick
+building in the Pointed or Gothic style, built in 1876.
+
+To the south, near Westbourne Grove, lies St. Thomas's Church, a
+temporary iron building. Close by is a Presbyterian church named St.
+Paul's. It is faced with Kentish ragstone, and was consecrated 1862. In
+the Artesian Road is a Roman Catholic church, St. Mary of the Angels,
+consecrated on July 2, 1857, but since enlarged three times. The
+architect of the latter portions was J. F. Bentley. There is in the
+interior a fine painting of St. Anthony of Padua, supposed to be a
+genuine Murillo. The schools in connection are on the south side. In
+Westbourne Park Road is St. Stephen's Church. The organ is by Hill. At
+the north end of Westbourne Park Road are national schools.
+
+St. Paul's Church and schools stand in Marlborough Street. The church
+was built in 1873, and is of earth-brick, without spire or tower. This
+part of Paddington is considerably cut up both by the railway and canal.
+Crossing the latter at the Lock Bridge, we see the Lock Hospital and
+Asylum standing on the west side of the road. The hospital was
+established in 1737, and the asylum in 1787. Adjoining the hospital is
+the workhouse, occupying with its infirmary about 5 acres. The
+workhouse has 623 beds, and the infirmary 280. All the wards are here
+and all the paupers except the school-children. Beyond the workhouse
+still remain some nursery gardens, and in the continuation of the Harrow
+Road is a Roman Catholic church, the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes and
+St. Vincent de Paul, of Kentish ragstone with a wheel window in the east
+end. The foundation-stone was laid in 1878, and it was opened in 1882 as
+a private chapel. In 1893 it was opened to the public. The altar and
+altar-rails are of white Carrara marble inlaid with malachite. In
+connection with the church next door is the St. Vincent's Home for boys.
+This was begun by a railway clerk, and passed into the hands of the
+Brotherhood of St. Vincent de Paul. Lord Douglas took up the work,
+established the home in its present position, and built the church. In
+1889 St. Joseph's Home, Enfield, was amalgamated with St. Vincent's. The
+home contains 100 boys, received between the years of twelve and
+sixteen, who are taught various trades by which to earn their own
+living. Further on in the Harrow Road, opposite Ashmore Road, is
+Emmanuel Church, built of brick in a plain Pointed style. The
+foundation-stone was laid in 1886. The schools in connection are next
+door.
+
+The new bit of Paddington at Kensal Green requires little comment;
+chapels, schools, and St. John's Church break the monotony of dreary
+streets. In fact, all this part of northern Paddington, though varying
+in the width of streets and the class of its houses, contains nothing of
+any interest. We must now return southward and eastward to what is known
+as Church Ward, which contains nearly all that is most interesting of
+old Paddington. The old parish church, named St. Mary's, stands to the
+north of the Harrow Road. It is a small building of earth-brick in the
+form of a Maltese cross, with a cupola in the centre, supposed to have
+been designed after a Greek model. The side fronting the road has a
+portico, and on the south and west walls there are curious niches formed
+by bricks. The interior is heavy and ugly, with a massive circular
+gallery running round three sides. The pulpit stands right over the
+central aisle, supported by the steps on one side and the reading-desk
+on the other, making thus a curious arch under which everyone must pass
+to reach the Communion rails; it is of mahogany which has been painted,
+and the figures of Dutch oak on the panels are supposed to be Flemish
+work. The church holds about 800 persons. There are many monuments and
+tablets on the walls, but only two worthy of note: one in memory of Mrs.
+Siddons, who is buried in the churchyard, on the north side of the
+chancel; one to Nollekens the sculptor, who died 1823, on the south
+side of the chancel. This is a bas-relief of a man seated by the side of
+a pallet or bench, on which rests a woman holding a baby; behind, an
+angel, representing Religion, points upward. The apparently irrelevant
+subject excited much comment until an explanation was suggested. In the
+Howard Chapel of Wetherall Church, in Cumberland, there is a sculptured
+monument in memory of one of the ladies of the Howard family who died in
+childbirth. The bas-relief over Nollekens' tomb is the facsimile of this
+sculpture, with the exception of the male figure in the foreground. The
+sculpture was executed by Nollekens himself, and is supposed to be one
+of his masterpieces. The monument to Nollekens is, therefore, obviously
+representative of the sculptor himself executing this great work. The
+present church was built in 1791, and stands on the site of a pond. Its
+predecessor was dedicated to St. James, a saint to whom the present
+parish church has returned, and stood a little to the northward on the
+site of the present right of way.
+
+But this itself was only the successor of a still more ancient building,
+of which Newcourt says: "As to the church here, I guess it was dedicated
+to St. Katharine, because, before the old church was pulled down, I
+observed the picture of St. Katharine to be set up in painted glass at
+the top of the middle panel of the east window in the chancel.... The
+church was but small, and being very old and ruinous, was, about the
+year 1678, pulled down, and new-built from the ground at the cost and
+charges of Sir Joseph Sheldon, knight, sometime Lord Mayor of the City
+of London, and his brother, Mr. Daniel Sheldon, then Lessees of the
+Mannor of Paddington."
+
+These Sheldons were the nephews of the Bishop Sheldon to whom the manor
+was restored at the Restoration in 1661. Newcourt tells us that before
+the Parliament had seized it the church was a donative or curacy in the
+gift of the Bishop of London; that the pension of the curate was but L28
+per annum. This was increased by Bishop Sheldon to L80, and the larger
+sum was fixed by Act of Parliament, and the lessee was bound by his
+lease to pay the Vicar L80 a year. The first curate mentioned is one
+"Griffin Edwards, A.B., licentiat., December 18, 1598." The churchyard
+proper only comprises about 1 acre of land, but the old burial-ground,
+including the site of the older church, adjoins to the northward and
+includes 3 acres. This was laid out as a public garden in 1885. The
+freehold rests with the Vicar of Paddington. On the east side, above the
+centre pathway, is a flat stone to the memory of Mrs. Siddons, who died
+1831, aged 76. On it are three glazed vases added later by the parish.
+In the same vault is buried Mrs. Martha Wilkinson, her dresser, who
+died in 1847, and was laid here by her own especial request. On the west
+side, below the centre path, is a flat stone to the memory of one John
+Hubbard, who lived from 1554 to 1665, and therefore reached the
+patriarchal age of 111 years. The churchyard also contains the remains
+of Collins, an artist, who painted English coast scenery; Dr. Geddes,
+translator of the historical books of the Old Testament; Banks, the
+sculptor, 1805; Nollekens; the Marquis of Lansdowne; Vivares, the
+engraver, 1780. The churchyard was enlarged in 1753, when Sherlock was
+Bishop of London, and further in 1810, when the piece of ground at the
+north-east corner, which is marked on a map of the beginning of the
+nineteenth century "Manor House," was enclosed. To the east of the
+church is the famous Paddington Green, now shrunk to very small
+dimensions. A statue of Mrs. Siddons in white marble has been erected on
+Paddington Green. The statue was designed by M. Chavalliand, and
+executed by Messrs. Brindley. The total cost was about L450.
+
+In Greville House, which stands on the north side of the Green, Emma,
+afterwards Lady Hamilton, lived for four years under the protection of
+the Hon. Charles Greville, to whom her mother was housekeeper. None of
+the other houses now standing are old enough to merit comment.
+Paddington House, "a handsome brick structure," built by Denis Chirac,
+who had been jeweller to Queen Anne, formerly stood on the east side of
+the Green, near to Harrow Road. He entered upon his residence here in
+1753. At the corner of Church Street, on the Green, stands the
+Children's Hospital, a large red-brick building. The origin of this was
+a Free Dispensary for Sick Children, opened in 1862 in Lisson Grove by
+two medical men. Relief was afforded to 20,000 children during the first
+six years of the work, which was carried on under the management of a
+medical committee. In 1869 a building fund was suggested. But it was in
+1881, by the earnest work of Mr. George Hanbury, that practical steps
+were taken for the establishment of a small hospital. In 1883 the
+freehold of the land at the corner of Church Street was purchased, and
+the buildings standing there were adapted for the purpose. Further
+ground was bought at the back in 1885, and an out-patient department
+established. In 1890, owing to the pressure of applications for
+in-patients, it was decided to build a new wing. However, for sanitary
+reasons, it was considered better to pull down the old building and
+entirely rebuild the hospital. The children then in the hospital were
+temporarily sent to Harrow, and the new building was commenced in 1894,
+and was reopened in June, 1895. An interesting old shop at the corner
+of Church Street was pulled down to make way for it. It contains all
+modern improvements, including electric light and cooking by gas. There
+is an isolation ward for any infectious illness which may break out, and
+two large, bright wards for the ordinary patients. The walls of these
+are lined with glazed bricks and tiles, and one of the wards contains
+large tile-work pictures representing well-known fairy tales. Boys are
+received up to the age of twelve, and girls to fourteen years. Babes of
+even three and four days are admitted. The out-patients' department is
+entirely free, no letter of any sort being required. The payment of a
+nominal fee of a penny to insure genuine cases is all that is exacted.
+Out-patients are selected by the medical staff to become in-patients.
+The children look bright and well cared for; the wards are models of
+cleanliness and comfort. The hospital is entirely supported by voluntary
+contributions and subscriptions. The temporary house at Harrow has been
+retained as a convalescent home.
+
+A house, No. 13, close by the hospital, is one of Dr. Stainer's Homes
+for Deaf and Dumb Children.
+
+The Paddington charities may be here described. But it must be
+remembered that amounts where mentioned are only given in general terms,
+and are liable to variation.
+
+The _Bread and Cheese Charity_ is of very ancient origin, and is said to
+have been founded by two maiden ladies. The bequest was in the form of
+land, though the name of the donors and the date of the gift are
+unknown. With the rents of the land bread and cheese were purchased, and
+thrown from the church tower to poor people on the Sunday before
+Christmas. The annual income arising from this source is now divided,
+being expended partly upon education, partly upon apprenticeship, and a
+certain amount upon coals and blankets to be distributed among the poor
+of the parish.
+
+_Johnson's Charity_ is a rent-charge of L1 a year, distributed in small
+sums among the poor of the parish. The date of this bequest is not
+known.
+
+_Lyon's Charity_ is of very ancient date--namely, 1578. It consists of
+an estate in Kilburn and an estate in Paddington, and is distributed
+among many different parishes. The greater part of the income, which, of
+course, varies in amount, goes to the repairing of roads.
+
+_Harvest's Charity_ in 1610 bequeathed an estate to the parishes of
+Paddington and Marylebone for repairing the highways. The income derived
+from this source is devoted to the above-mentioned purpose.
+
+_Dr. Compton's and Margaret Robertson's, or Robinson's Charity._--This
+is supposed to have been partly the gift of Dr. Compton, Bishop of
+London. The first grant was made in 1717, which was after Dr. Compton's
+death, but it is possible that he promised the gift which was granted by
+his successor, Dr. Robinson. Lysons says "the donation was confirmed by
+Dr. Robinson." "The first admission to the land, the property of
+Margaret Robertson's Charity, was on the 18th day of April, 1721"
+(Charity Commissioners' Report). The same persons are trustees for both
+charities. The gross total income, which amounts to about L535, is
+distributed as follows: L321 for education purposes, L107 for
+apprenticing, and the same as the latter sum to be given to the poor of
+the parish in kind.
+
+_The Almshouse Charity._--Paddington is singularly deficient in
+almshouses, the only houses of the kind having been pulled down between
+1860 and 1870. These stood opposite the Vestry Hall, and are mentioned
+below. The Almshouse Charity includes the charity of Frances King. It is
+described as having been mentioned first on the Court Rolls of the manor
+of Paddington in 1720, but Lysons, in referring to the same charity,
+says: "Several small almshouses were built at the parish expense in the
+year 1714." There were seventeen of these almshouses in all, inclusive
+of four built by Samuel Pepys Cockerell. Two of them were used as rooms
+by the master and mistress of the Charity School. Some of these houses
+must have been pulled down previous to the year 1853, for at that date
+the Vestry applied for permission to pull down the twelve almshouses in
+the Harrow Road, considering that the estate could be more
+advantageously administered. It was not until 1867, however, that the
+order of the Court of Chancery was finally obtained, and after the
+demolition part of the land was let on a building lease. Another part,
+with a frontage to the Harrow Road, was let also on a building lease
+1869. The houses erected on this are Nos. 111, 113, 115, 117, 119,
+Harrow Road. Frances King's Charity was L200, given by will in 1845 to
+be expended in coals for the inhabitants of the above-mentioned
+almshouses. The total income of the Almshouse Charity is somewhere about
+L200; of this amount the trustees pay a yearly sum of L50 to the
+trustees of St. Mary's School, and the remainder is applied to necessary
+expenses, and to pensions of L10 to L12 a year to deserving candidates
+in the parish.
+
+Denis Chirac left in 1777 a sum of L100 (Report Charity Commissioners;
+Lysons says L138) for the benefit of the poor children of the parish.
+This amount, together with L120 given by Baron Maseres, was applied to
+the building of a schoolroom. The old Charity School, still standing
+near the site of the almshouses, was built in 1822 upon copyhold land
+granted for the purpose by the Bishop. St. Mary's Schools at present
+stand near the spot in Church Place.
+
+_Abourne's Charity_ was left in 1767. It is at present L300 in stock,
+and produces an annual income of from L8 to L9, distributed in bread
+among the poor of the parish.
+
+_Simmonds' Charity_ consists of the dividends on L600 stock, from which
+an annual income of from L16 to L20 is distributed among poor women of
+the parish in sums of 10s. 6d.
+
+_Marion Mayne's Charity._--In 1854 Marion Mayne left a sum of money by
+her will for keeping in repair certain tombstones, tablets, etc.,
+including her own, and a sum for the maintenance of Paddington Green in
+good order, and a sum to be expended in annuities among the poor of the
+parish. The present income is derived from the dividends on L6,416 1s.
+7d. stock, the latest income of which is expended as directed.
+
+_Smith Charity._--Under Augustus Frederick Smith's will, proved March
+19, 1881, dividends on L9,985 3s. 8d. were left to the parish. The
+income is between L200 and L300. This is distributed amongst poor women
+about sixty years of age resident in Paddington, in pensions of not
+more than L20, or less than L10 per annum.
+
+Following St. Mary's Terrace northwards, we see on the east side a
+curious little passage leading to a small Welsh chapel, an iron
+building. Close by the chapel stands a genuine old cottage, whitewashed
+and thatched, a remnant of the time when Paddington was largely composed
+of open ground. This cottage is said by an antiquarian authority to be
+several centuries old. It was granted to the Welsh congregation by the
+Bishop of London in 1890. Not far from this, up another narrow opening,
+is an old brick house with quaint red-tiled roof. This is Claremont
+House. It is picturesque, but has no authentic history. Opening out of
+St. Mary's Terrace on the east side, Howley and Fulham Places and
+Porteus Road recall the ownership of the Bishops of London.
+
+We must now mention the Grand Junction Canal. When it was first opened
+it was the fashion to go excursions by the day on the water, a custom
+referred to in "Nollekens and his Times." In 1812 the Regent's Canal
+Company was incorporated and given authority to make and maintain a
+navigable canal from the Grand Junction Canal in the parish of
+Paddington to the river Thames in the parish of Limehouse. The canal to
+the Regent's Park basin was opened two years after this, but was only
+completed in 1820. About "Paddington Basin," as it is called, are
+clustered many poor houses. The streets between the Harrow Road on the
+one side, and the basin on the other, are miserable and squalid. At the
+corner of Green Street is a church formerly belonging to the Catholic
+Apostolic community, later purchased by the Baptists, and now belonging
+to the Salvation Army. This is a structure of Kentish ragstone in a
+Gothic style with small steeple. In the Edgware Road are one or two
+public-houses, which, if not actually old, stand on the sites and
+inherit the names of famous old predecessors. The White Lion, now
+amalgamated with a music-hall, bears date of foundation 1524. It is said
+that G. Morland, the animal painter, painted a sign for this. It is No.
+267. Northward, at the corner of Church Street, is the Wheatsheaf,
+which, says Robins, "has the credit of having frequently entertained
+honest and learned Ben Jonson."
+
+The Red Lion, No. 239, a little to the north of Praed Street, claims as
+ancient a date. Tradition says that Shakespeare acted in one of the old
+wooden rooms, now vanished, and the inn boasts a haunted chamber.
+
+In Cambridge Place is St. Mary's Hospital and Medical School. The
+suggestion of a hospital was discussed in 1840, but the foundation was
+not laid until 1843 by the late Prince Consort. The building was
+designed to hold 380 beds, but though it has been added to from time to
+time it still contains less than this, a supply totally inadequate to
+the demand for accommodation. The first wing was opened in 1857, and
+contained 150 beds. In 1865 the present King laid the foundation-stone
+of a further wing, and in 1892 the stone of the Clarence memorial wing.
+By 1886 all the building land acquired by the hospital had been used,
+and it was found necessary to purchase other land. In 1887 negotiations
+were made by which the Grand Junction Canal Company agreed to sell their
+interest in the required land. After five years' labour and the
+expenditure of L48,000, the desired result was achieved, and the
+Clarence wing was commenced. The hospital now faces Praed Street as well
+as Cambridge Place, the intervening houses having been pulled down. It
+is a great square red-brick building with stone facings. Behind the
+hospital are All Saints' Schools, and to the west of them the Great
+Western Railway Terminus. The Act for the extension of the Great Western
+line to Paddington, and for the erection of a station, was dated 1836.
+The first station was, however, only temporary. The present one was
+designed by I. K. Brunel, commenced 1849, and completed in 1854. It
+contains three passenger platforms, and the roof is divided by columns
+into three great spans, of which the centre one measures over 102 feet
+in width, and the outer ones 68 feet each. The station buildings and
+platforms at Paddington cover an area of 373,407 feet, but even this
+extent is insufficient for the railway purposes. Adjacent houses have
+consequently been adapted for the offices, and there is continual need
+for further accommodation. There are eight platform lines, and the
+platforms themselves are 780 feet in length. The daily passenger trains
+number from 250 to 300, and with the addition of excursion trains in the
+season the total daily average has reached 350. The diurnal number of
+passengers is estimated at 14,000, but high-water mark has been touched
+between 40,000 and 50,000. Twenty-five tons of news parcels are
+despatched from Paddington in one day, and nearly 3,000 mail-bags and
+parcels-post packages pass through the station in the same time, besides
+about 5,000 milk-churns. The above figures give some indication of the
+enormous traffic at this great terminus. The army of workers employed
+numbers 2,000, exclusive of the large clerical staff employed in the
+general department. The Great Western Hotel in a Renaissance style
+fronts Praed Street. It was built from 1850 to 1852, and its frontage is
+nearly 89 yards in length, and it is connected with the station by means
+of a covered way. Covered ways also connect the station with Praed
+Street and Bishop's Road Stations of the Metropolitan Railway.
+
+In No. 19, Warwick Crescent, Robert Browning lived for five-and-twenty
+years, a fact recorded by a tablet of the Society of Arts. He came here
+in 1862, broken down by the death of his wife, and remained until a
+threatened railway near the front of the house--an innovation never
+carried out--drove him away. We are now once more in the region where
+the name of Westbourne is freely used. There is Westbourne Terrace and
+Square, Westbourne Park Crescent and Terrace Road. Near to Park Crescent
+in Chichester Place is a Jewish synagogue of red brick, with ornate
+stone carving over doors and windows. Next door is a curiously built
+Primitive Methodist chapel, with bands of differently coloured bricks in
+relief. St. Mary Magdalene's Church and schools stand at the corner of
+Cirencester Street. A temporary church was first opened in 1865, and the
+real building in 1868. This was the work of G. E. Street, R.A., and is a
+compactly built church of dark-red brick, with apse and very high spire,
+202 feet in height. It stands in rather a peculiar situation at the
+junction of three or four roads, and suits the position well.
+
+On July 13, 1872, while workmen were still busy with the roofing, the
+church caught fire. The damage, however, was not great. The church was
+finally completed in 1878. The services are High Church. The patronage
+is held by Keble College, Oxford, and the population of the parish is
+about 10,000. The ward of Maida Vale is bounded by Church ward on the
+south, Westbourne and Harrow Road wards on the west, and the borough
+boundary north and east. Between the Maida Vale Road and St. Saviour's
+Church in the Warwick Road there is nothing to comment on. The church of
+St. Saviour is in a Decorated style of Gothic. It is ornately built,
+with a square tower buttressed and pinnacled. The church was consecrated
+in 1856, and in 1883 a very fine and solidly-built chancel was added.
+This is faced on the interior with Cosham stone. Carved stone niches run
+on the north and south and on both sides of the Communion table. Some of
+these contain life-size statues of saints and the Apostles. A very
+handsome set of sanctuary lamps, after a Florentine design, hang across
+the chancel. In Formosa Street are the Church schools of St. Saviour's,
+and in Amberley Road there is a Board School. At the north of Shirland
+Road is a dingy brick building like a large meeting-room. This is the
+Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church; in it the services are held in
+Welsh. Across Sutherland Avenue, at the corner of Shirland Road, is a
+very large brick building faced with red brick, which has two doorways
+with porticos supported by columns with ornamented capitals. This is a
+Wesleyan Methodist chapel, built in 1876. The schools in connection are
+beneath the chapel. Further northward in the Shirland Road is a large
+brick building with two entrances. This is the Wordsworth Ladies'
+College and a branch of the Kilburn Orphanage. It was built in the year
+1887 for both purposes, and there is no interior division between the
+college and home. The orphans are only kept here until nine years of
+age, when they are passed on to the Central Home. The Kilburn Sisters
+have patented a form of cot surrounded with wire to prevent the very
+little ones from falling out in their sleep. The room where there are
+rows upon rows of these cots with head curtains is a very curious
+spectacle, though it certainly suggests the desirability of further
+accommodation. The college has large class-rooms and a studio for art
+students. Some students board here, but the greater number attend daily.
+The terms are very low--fifteen shillings a week, including board,
+lodging, and tuition. The college is intended to assist girls desirous
+of passing the Government examinations as elementary school teachers.
+Almost immediately opposite the college is a small brick Baptist chapel,
+considerably below the level of the road. In Elgin Avenue there is a
+school of the Girls' Public Day School Company. On either side of Elgin
+Avenue are large spaces of open ground used by market-gardeners and
+others. To the north lies Paddington Recreation Ground, with cricket,
+football, and tennis grounds, running and cycling tracks. Beyond this,
+in the most northerly part of the borough, is the Kilburn Orphanage.
+This was begun in 1875 in two houses in the Kilburn Park Road, but funds
+were raised for building purposes, and in 1880 the present orphanage was
+completed. The Sisters themselves supplied quite half of the money
+required. The rule of the Sisterhood is that, though each retains
+control of her own capital, her income goes into the common fund. The
+orphanage is a large red-brick building standing in Randolph Gardens.
+The western wing, now connected with the main building, was added later,
+and the chapel last of all; it was not completed until about 1890. The
+chapel is well fitted up, and the whole building has an air of comfort
+and warmth in the interior. The passages are paved with tessellated
+pavement, and the floors of the large schoolrooms are of parquet. This
+is only one of the orphanage homes. There is a large establishment at
+Broadstairs, which is partly a home for convalescents and partly for
+orphans; and another at Margate; a relief home for little ones, already
+mentioned, in the Shirland Road; and homes for boys at Brondesbury,
+Oxford, and elsewhere. In Burwood Place there are printing-offices and
+workshops connected with the orphanage, entirely managed by the boys.
+During the last few years there has been much discussion on the methods
+of the orphanage, and several charges have been brought against the
+Sisters, of which the chief are: (1) Want of business method and
+properly audited accounts; (2) injudicious methods: advertising for
+illegitimate children without inquiry, to the encouragement of vice; (3)
+receiving payment with such children, when the foundation was intended
+for the absolutely destitute; (4) repudiation of all external control,
+evidenced by deposing the Archbishop of Canterbury from his post of
+patron when he attempted inquiry. These offences seem to have been
+chiefly the result of mismanagement, not deliberately wrought, and might
+be condoned. The orphanage receives children from the workhouse under
+five years of age, and also foundlings. The community comprises about
+160 Sisters, of which many are abroad. The orphan girls are trained in
+domestic work, and do all their own work in the home. They do not leave
+until they are nineteen or twenty years of age.
+
+Adjoining the orphanage is the large red-brick church of St. Augustine.
+This is a remarkable church both inside and out. It was designed by J.
+L. Pearson, who thereby obtained the distinction of adding the letters
+R.A. to his name. Through this building he also obtained the commission
+to build Truro Cathedral. The church, as above stated, is of red brick,
+in the first Pointed style, with long lancet windows. At the four
+corners are four Pointed towers enriched with stonework. The centre
+steeple has never been added, for want of funds, though the foundations
+for it are deeply laid. The interior is very picturesque. There is a
+triforium formed by the bays of the arches carried up from the centre
+aisle. The roof is groined, and the chancel-screen, pulpit, walls of the
+chancel, and the reredos are all stonework, with niches fitted with
+stone figures. In the transeptal chapels are some fine oil paintings
+executed on brick; that in the south chapel is the work of a prize pupil
+of the Royal Academy. The church was built entirely owing to the
+exertions of the present vicar, Mr. Kirkpatrick, who himself contributed
+largely. An iron church on the same site was erected in 1870, and was so
+constructed that the present building could be built over and enclose
+it; therefore service was never interrupted for one day during the
+process. In 1871 the greater part of the church was built, and in 1877
+the nave was opened. It was completed in 1880.
+
+There is very little of interest in the remaining part of the district.
+St. Peter's Church, Elgin Avenue, was consecrated on August 12, 1872.
+The church is built of Kentish ragstone, and is in a plain Early English
+style, with an apse at the east end. The square tower, surmounted by a
+short steeple, was added a few years later. The pillars are of polished
+Aberdeen granite. St. Peter's National Schools lie to the south in
+Chippenham Road. In Fernhead Road there is a Wesleyan chapel, built in
+an ornate style with two square towers. Further north, just within the
+borough boundary, is St. Luke's Church, built of brick, with schools
+attached. This was consecrated in January, 1877, and is in a severe
+Gothic style.
+
+[Illustration: BAYSWATER DISTRICT.
+
+Published by A. & C. Black, London.]
+
+
+
+
+INDEX
+
+
+Aberdare, Lord, 67
+
+Aberfield, 83
+
+Abergavenny, Lord, 28
+
+Abershaw, Jerry, 83
+
+Abingdon, Lord, 29
+
+Abington, Mrs., 70
+
+Adair, Sir R., 40
+
+Albemarle Club, 31
+
+Albemarle, Earl of, 26
+
+Albemarle Street, 30
+
+Aldford Street, 13, 17, 38
+
+Alington House, 14
+
+Alison, Sir A., 65
+
+Allingham, W., 19
+
+Ancaster, Earl of, 61
+
+Anglesea, Lord, 29
+
+Anne, Queen, 49
+
+Anson, Admiral, 23
+
+Anthropological Society, 21
+
+Apsley House, 54
+
+Arbuthnot, Dr., 34
+
+Argyle, Duke of, 37, 53
+
+Army Clothing Factory, 86
+
+Ashbourne, Lord, 62
+
+Ashburnham House, 33
+
+Atholl, Duke of, 60, 65
+
+Austro-Hungarian Embassy, 61
+
+Aylesford Street, 85
+
+
+Bach, J. C., 21
+
+Baden-Powell, Lady, 68
+
+Badminton Club, 61
+
+Baillie, Matthew, 19, 56
+
+Balcarres, Lord, 20
+
+Balfe, M. W., 27
+
+Balfour Place, 17
+
+Bancroft, Sir S., 36
+
+Baring, Thomas, 40
+
+Barker, Thomas, 20
+
+Barnard, Lady Anne, 36
+
+Barre, Colonel, 39
+
+Barrington, B., 62
+
+Barrymore, Lord, 38
+
+Barrymore, Earl of, 51
+
+Bartlett, Sir E. Ashmead, 19
+
+Bath Club, 33
+
+Bath House, 50
+
+Bathurst, C., 45
+
+Bathurst, Earl, 37, 39
+
+Bayswater, 97
+
+Bayswater Road, 101
+
+Beaconsfield, Earl of, 42
+
+Beau Brummell, 38, 39, 41
+
+Beaumont, Sir John, 13
+
+Beckford, W., 13
+
+Bedford, Duke of, 39, 53, 61
+
+Beechey, Sir W., 26
+
+Belgrave Hospital, 83
+
+Belgrave Place, 65
+
+Belgrave Road, 83
+
+Belgrave Square, 61
+
+Belgravia, 60
+
+Bell, Sir Charles, 20
+
+Belmore, Earl of, 53
+
+Bennett, Sir W. H., 41
+
+Bennett, W. J., 62
+
+Berkeley, Hon. G., 49
+
+Berkeley House, 49
+
+Berkeley Square, 34
+
+Berkeley Street, 36
+
+Bernal, R., 67
+
+Berry, the Misses, 14 42
+
+Bevan, Henry, 53
+
+Blake, W., 20
+
+Blessington, Lady, 41
+
+Bloomfield Terrace, 76
+
+Blount, Martha, 36, 42
+
+Blythswood, Lord, 41
+
+Bolingbroke, Viscount, 34
+
+Bolton Row, 42
+
+Bolton Street, 43
+
+Bond Street, 27
+
+Boswell, J., 27, 29, 44
+
+Boundaries of Paddington, 87
+
+Brampton, Lord, 39
+
+Brandes, W. T., 43
+
+Brassey, Lord, 12
+
+Breadalbane, Marquis of, 12
+
+Brick Street, 46
+
+Broadbent, Sir W., 20
+
+Brodie, Sir B., 56
+
+Brook House, 11
+
+Brook Street, 19
+
+Brougham and Vaux, Lord, 36, 37, 39
+
+Broughton, Dr., 66
+
+Browning, Robert, 120
+
+Brownlow, Earl, 61
+
+Brunswick, Duchess of, 23
+
+Bruton Street, 86
+
+Buckingham Gate, 73
+
+Buckingham Palace Gardens, 73
+
+Buckingham Palace Road, 73
+
+Buckinghamshire, Duchess of, 26
+
+Buckinghamshire, Earl of, 53
+
+Bulkeley, General, 36
+
+Buller, Charles, 68
+
+Bunsen, Baron, 16, 42
+
+Burdett, Sir F., 49
+
+Burdett-Coutts, Baroness, 49
+
+Burghclere, Lord, 40
+
+Burgoyne, General, 45
+
+Burke, Edmund, 20
+
+Burton, Lord, 15
+
+Bute House, 15
+
+Bute, Lord, 32
+
+Byng, Admiral, 37
+
+Byron, 32
+
+Byron, Lady, 34
+
+Byron, Lord, 28
+
+
+Cambridge, Duke of, 50, 52
+
+Cambridge House, 50
+
+Cambridge Terrace, 95
+
+Camden, Lord, 37
+
+Camelford House, 10
+
+Camelford, Lord, 29
+
+Campbell, Thomas, 23, 49, 70, 71
+
+Campbell-Bannerman, Sir H., 60
+
+Camperdown, Earl of, 40
+
+Canning, George, 27, 37
+
+Canning, Lord, 13
+
+Cardwell, 67
+
+Carlisle, Earl of, 37, 59
+
+Carlos Place, 17
+
+Carnarvon, Earl of, 36
+
+Carnarvon House, 10
+
+Caroline, Queen, 16
+
+Carrington, Earl, 19
+
+Carrington Street, 45
+
+Carte, Samuel, 45
+
+Carter, Elizabeth, 15
+
+Cary, Rev. H. F., 40, 46
+
+Cathcart, Earl, 60
+
+Caulfield, General, 65
+
+Cavalry Club, 52
+
+Chandos, Duke of, 41
+
+Chantrey, Sir F., 42, 44, 74
+
+Chapel Street, 64
+
+Charities, Paddington, 112-115
+
+Charlemont, Lord, 45
+
+Charles Street, 39, 40
+
+Charles X., 16
+
+Charlotte, Princess, 10
+
+Charteris, Colonel Francis, 26
+
+Chatham, Earl of, 36
+
+Chelsea Bun House, 75
+
+Chesham Place, 64
+
+Chesterfield, Earl of, 12, 15
+
+Chesterfield Gardens, 41
+
+Chesterfield House, 15
+
+Chesterfield Street, 41
+
+Chester Place, 68
+
+Chester Square, 68, 78
+
+Chester Street, 66
+
+Chetwynd, Sir G., 18
+
+Chewton, Lord, 62
+
+Children's Hospital, 110
+
+Cholmondeley, Marquis of, 50
+
+Churches:
+  All Saints', Norfolk Square, 96
+  Belgrave Chapel, 64
+  Berkeley Chapel, 40
+  St. Anselm's, 18
+  St. Augustine's, 124
+  St. Barnabas's, Pimlico, 76
+  Christ Church, Down Street, 46
+  Christ Church, Lancaster Gate, 100
+  Eaton Chapel, 78
+  Eccleston Square Chapel, 83
+  Emmanuel Church, 105
+  St. Gabriel's, 83
+  St. George's Chapel, 31
+  St. George's, Hanover Square, 25
+  Greek Church, 102
+  Grosvenor Chapel, 15
+  Hanover Chapel, 23
+  Holy Trinity, Bishop's Road, 102
+  St. James's, Paddington, 98
+  St. John's, Paddington, 95
+  St. John the Evangelist, 82
+  King's Weigh House Chapel, 18
+  St. Luke's, 126
+  St. Mark's, North Audley Street, 14
+  St. Mary Magdalene's, 120
+  St. Mary of the Angels, 104
+  St. Mary's, Bourdon Street, 19
+  St. Mary's (old parish), Paddington, 106
+  St. Mary the Virgin, 78
+  St. Matthew's, Petersburgh Place, 101
+  Mayfair Chapel, 41
+  St. Michael and All Angels, 96
+  St. Michael's, 78
+  Our Lady of Lourdes, 105
+  St. Paul's, Wilton Place, 62
+  St. Paul's, Paddington, 104
+  St. Paul's Presbyterian Church, 104
+  St. Peter's, Charlotte Street, 79
+  St. Peter's, Eaton Square, 67
+  St. Peter's, Elgin Avenue, 126
+  St. Philip's, 74
+  St. Saviour's, 10
+  St. Saviour's, Pimlico, 85
+  St. Saviour's Warwick Road, 121
+  St. Stephen's, 104
+  Westbourne Park Chapel 104
+
+Churchill, Winston, 17
+
+Cibber, Colley, 36
+
+Clanwilliam, Earl of, 61
+
+Clarence, Duke of, 40
+
+Clarendon House, 29
+
+Clarendon Street, 84
+
+Clarges, Sir T., 26
+
+Clarges Street, 43
+
+Claridge's Hotel, 19
+
+Clark, Sir James, 23
+
+Claverton Street, 85
+
+Clieveden Place, 68
+
+Clifden, Viscount, 39
+
+Clonmell, Earl of, 49
+
+Clyde, Lord, 36
+
+Cobham, Viscount, 23
+
+Cochrane, Lord, 16
+
+Codrington, Sir A., 67
+
+Codrington, Sir E., 67
+
+Coke, Lady Mary, 17
+
+Collins, 109
+
+Combermere, Viscount, 61
+
+Commercial Road, 76
+
+Conduit Street, 26
+
+Coningsby, Lord, 29
+
+Conyngham, Marquis of, 53
+
+Cooke, G. F., 70
+
+Cooper, Sir Astley, 27
+
+Cope, Sir J., 43
+
+Copley, J., 26
+
+Cork, Earl of, 40, 53
+
+Cornwallis, Marquis, 19, 33
+
+Cosway, Richard, 25, 36
+
+Cottenham, Lord, 37
+
+Cottesloe, Lord, 67
+
+Courtenay, Rev. H., 25
+
+Coventry, Lord, 28, 51
+
+Cowper, Lord Chancellor, 26
+
+Coxe, Archdeacon, 34
+
+Cranborne, Viscount, 33
+
+Craven, Earl, 99
+
+Craven, Lord, 28
+
+Craven Terrace, 99
+
+Crewe, Earl of, 42
+
+Crewe, Lord, 17, 19
+
+Cumberland, Duke of, 45
+
+Cunningham, Allan, 74
+
+Curzon Street, 41
+
+
+Darner, Hon. Mrs., 16
+
+D'Angouleme, Duchesse, 16
+
+D'Arblay, Madame, 17, 43, 50
+
+Darnley, Countess of, 38
+
+Dartmouth, Earl of, 40
+
+Davey, Lord, 20
+
+Davies Street, 18
+
+Davy, Sir Humphry, 14, 19
+
+Deanery Street, 39
+
+Delany, Mrs., 20, 28, 43
+
+Dent, Mr., 45
+
+Derby, Earl of, 13, 25
+
+Derby Street, 45
+
+De Ros, Lord, 62
+
+De Stael, Madame, 26
+
+D'Este, Mdlle., 38
+
+De Tabley, Lord, 38
+
+Devonshire House, 48
+
+Dillon, Dr., 79
+
+Disraeli, Benjamin, 12
+
+Dodd, Dr., 79
+
+Dolgorouki, Prince, 17
+
+Dorchester House, 11
+
+Dover, Earl of, 33
+
+Dover Street, 33
+
+Douglas, Right Hon. Akers, 17
+
+Downshire House, 22
+
+Ducie, Lord, 61
+
+Duckworth, Sir Dyce, 33
+
+Dudley House, 11
+
+Duels, 8
+
+Duke's Hospital, 59
+
+Dalkeith, Earl of, 53
+
+Dumergue, Mr., 52
+
+Duncan, Sir H., 65
+
+Duncombe, T., 40
+
+Dundas, R., 45
+
+Dunraven, Earl of, 16
+
+Durham, Sir P., 37
+
+
+Eaton, Major-General F., 17
+
+Eaton Place, 65
+
+Ebury Bridge, 84
+
+Ebury, Manor of, 3
+
+Ebury Square, 71
+
+Ebury Street, 70
+
+Eccleston Square, 81
+
+Eccleston Street, 69
+
+Edgeworth, Maria, 14
+
+Edgware Road, 89
+
+Egerton, Hon. Alan, 41
+
+Egremont, Earl of, 50
+
+Eia, Estate of, 3
+
+Elgin Avenue, 123
+
+Elgin, Earl of, 52
+
+Eliot, George, 25
+
+Elizabeth Street, 69
+
+Ellenborough, Earl of, 40, 68
+
+Elliotson, Dr., 27
+
+Ellis, Welbore, 20
+
+Ely, Bishops of, 33
+
+Empress Club, 33
+
+Erskine, Lord, 17
+
+Esher, Viscount, 39
+
+Evelyn, 34
+
+Exeter, Marquis of, 39
+
+
+Falkland, Viscount, 67
+
+Farm Street, 38
+
+Farquhar, Sir W., 27
+
+Farrer, Sir William, 16
+
+Ferrers, Earl, 43
+
+Finch, Lady Isabella, 85
+
+Fitzgerald, Lady M., 40
+
+Fitzherbert, Mrs., 12, 32, 89
+
+Fitzwilliam, Earl, 64
+
+Ford, Richard, 14
+
+Forester, Lord, 43
+
+Fox, C. J., 27, 32, 35, 43
+
+Free Library, 15, 74
+
+French Embassy, 58
+
+
+Galloway, Dowager Countess, 17
+
+Galt, John, 44
+
+Galton, Sir Douglas, 66
+
+Gainsborough, Countess of, 29
+
+Gardener, Sir Robert, 65
+
+Gascoyne, B., 39
+
+George Street, 24
+
+Gifford, W., 49
+
+Gilbert Street, 18
+
+Glasgow Terrace, 85
+
+Gloucester, Duke of, 52
+
+Gloucester House, 52
+
+Gloucester Street, 83
+
+Glover, Richard, 32
+
+Goderich, Lord, 45
+
+Goldsmid, Sir Julian, 51
+
+Gordon, Lord George, 16
+
+Gore, Mrs., 65
+
+Grafton, Duke of, 41, 59
+
+Grafton, Dukes of, 43
+
+Grafton Galleries, 32
+
+Grafton Street, 32
+
+Graham, Henry, 58
+
+Graham, James, 60
+
+Granby, Marquis of, 32, 37
+
+Grand Junction Canal, 116
+
+Grant, Sir W. K., 64
+
+Granville, Lord, 13, 37
+
+Great Stanhope Street, 39
+
+Green Park Club, 32
+
+Green Street, 16
+
+Grenville, G., 10, 16, 43
+
+Grenville, Lady, 40
+
+Grenville, Lord, 53
+
+Grenville, Thomas, 53
+
+Greville House, 109
+
+Grey, Earl, 36, 45
+
+Grey, Sir G., 65
+
+Grosvenor Club, 28, 74
+
+Grosvenor Crescent Club, 62
+
+Grosvenor Gallery, 28
+
+Grosvenor House, 16
+
+Grosvenor Place, 58, 66, 69
+
+Grosvenor property, 4
+
+Grosvenor Road, 85
+
+Grosvenor Square, 12
+
+Grosvenor Street, 19
+
+Grote, George, 74
+
+Guilford, Lady, 50
+
+Gull, Sir W., 20
+
+Gunning, Miss, 29
+
+Gurwood, Colonel, 64
+
+Gwynne, Nell, 75
+
+
+Half-moon Street, 44
+
+Halford, Sir H., 42
+
+Halkin Street, 64
+
+Hall, Sir Charles, 17
+
+Hallam, Henry, 62
+
+Hambledon, Viscountess, 61
+
+Hamilton, Duke of, 40, 42
+
+Hamilton, Lady, 29, 43, 109
+
+Hamilton, Lord A., 43
+
+Hamilton, Sir Ian, 41
+
+Hamilton Place, 53
+
+Hamilton, "Single Speech," 16, 23
+
+Hamilton, Sir W., 25, 52
+
+Hampden House, 16
+
+Handel, 20
+
+Hanoverian Embassy, 60
+
+Hanover Square, 20
+
+Hardinge, Viscount, 39
+
+Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor, 12
+
+Harewood House, 21
+
+Harewood Place, 24
+
+Harrowby, Earl of, 13
+
+Hastings, Warren, 12
+
+Hawke, Sir E., 26
+
+Hayes Street, 39
+
+Hay Hill, 34
+
+Hazlitt, W., 44, 46
+
+Heath, Mr., 25
+
+Hereford Gardens, 10
+
+Herschell, Lord, 70
+
+Hertford, Countess of, 19
+
+Hertford, Marquis of, 11, 36, 51, 68
+
+Hertford Street, 45
+
+Hewitt, Sir P., 56
+
+Heywood, Mr., 65
+
+Hill, Lord, 61
+
+Hill Street, 37
+
+Hindlip, Lord, 38
+
+History of Paddington, 90
+
+Hobart Place, 66
+
+Hobhouse, Lord, 37
+
+Hogarth, 99
+
+Hogarth Club, 33
+
+Holcroft, 15
+
+Holland, Lord, 38
+
+Holland, Sir H., 17, 20
+
+Home, Earl of, 53
+
+Home, Mr., 15
+
+Hope House, 52
+
+Hothfield, Lord, 41
+
+Howard, Mrs., 36
+
+Howe, Admiral Earl, 32, 42
+
+Humphery, Sir W., 37
+
+Hunlocke, Sir H., 51
+
+Hunter, John, 56
+
+Huskisson, W., 19
+
+Hyde, Manor of, 3
+
+Hyde Park, 4
+
+Hyde Park Club, 52
+
+Hyde Park Corner, 55
+
+Hyde Park Gardens, 95
+
+
+Isthmian Club, 51
+
+Iveagh, Lord, 59
+
+
+Jameson, Mrs., 37
+
+Jenner, Sir W., 20, 45
+
+Jenyns, Soame, 39
+
+Jersey, Earl of, 36
+
+John of Gaunt, 81
+
+Johnson, Dr., 20, 28
+
+John Street, 40
+
+Jones, Richard, 64
+
+Jones, Sir W., 15
+
+Jonson, Ben, 117
+
+Jordan, Mrs., 22
+
+Junior Athenaeum, 52
+
+Junior Conservative Club, 31
+
+Junior Constitutional Club, 51
+
+Junior Naval and Military Club, 51
+
+
+Kean, Edmund, 43
+
+Kelvin, Lord, 65
+
+Kendal, Duchess of, 12
+
+Kensal Green, 105
+
+Kensington, Lord, 42
+
+Kent, Duchess of, 61
+
+Kilburn Orphanage, 123
+
+Kilmorey, Earl of, 39
+
+Kingston, Duke of, 25, 29
+
+Kinnerton Street, 63
+
+Knightsbridge, 55
+
+Knutsford, Viscount, 67
+
+Kossuth, 65
+
+
+Labouchere, Mr., 53
+
+Lake, Lord, 20
+
+Lambton, Hon. Hedworth, 32
+
+Lamington, Lord, 62
+
+Langdale, Lord, 45
+
+Lansdowne House, 35
+
+Lansdowne, Lord, 23
+
+Lansdowne, Marquis of, 109
+
+Lawrence, General, 37
+
+Lawrence, Sir T., 29, 53
+
+Leconfield, Lord, 41
+
+Leeds, Duke of, 62
+
+Leicester, Sir J. F., 37
+
+Leigh, Sir E. C., 17
+
+Limmer's Hotel, 25
+
+Liston, 57
+
+Literary Club, 33
+
+Liverpool, Earl of, 45
+
+Lock Hospital, 59, 104
+
+Londesborough, Lord, 36, 37
+
+Londonderry House, 11
+
+Longford, Countess of, 37
+
+Long's Hotel, 28
+
+Louis XVIII., 16, 31
+
+Lower Eaton Street, 70
+
+Lowndes Street, 64
+
+Lowther, James, 62
+
+Lowther, Right Hon. J., 19
+
+Lucan, Earl of, 53
+
+Lupus Street, 85
+
+Lushington, Dr., 65
+
+Lyall Street, 65
+
+Lyndhurst, Lord, 26
+
+Lynedoch, Lord, 49
+
+Lyttelton, Lord, 37
+
+Lytton, 12, 45
+
+Lytton, Sir G. B., 40
+
+
+Macartney, Lord, 42
+
+Macaulay, 43
+
+Macclesfield, Countess of, 29
+
+Macdonald, Sir G., 37
+
+Macdonald, Sir J., 63
+
+Mackay, Sir J. L., 41
+
+Mackintosh, Sir J., 32
+
+Mackintosh, The, 38
+
+Maddox Street, 26
+
+Maitland, Sir P., 65
+
+Malcolm, Sir J., 23
+
+Malet, Sir E., 67
+
+Mallet, David, 15, 26
+
+Malmesbury, Earl of, 38
+
+Manchester, Duke of, 39
+
+Mansfield, Earl of, 39
+
+Mantell, G. A., 68
+
+March, Earl of, 61
+
+Market Street, 95
+
+Markham, Archbishop, 15
+
+Marriages, 25
+
+Maxwell, Sir W. S., 14
+
+May Fair, The, 1, 44
+
+Melbourne, Lord, 38, 43
+
+Mendip, Lord, 20
+
+Merriman, Dr., 40, 44
+
+Methuen, Sir Paul, 19
+
+Mexborough, Earl of, 34
+
+Mexborough, Earls of, 51
+
+Miles, W., 54
+
+Mill Street, 26
+
+Mitford, W., 43
+
+Molesworth, Sir W., 65
+
+Monkbretton, Lord, 12
+
+Montagu, Lady M. Wortley, 15, 26
+
+Montagu, Lord, 53
+
+Montagu, Mrs., 37
+
+Montes, Lola, 44
+
+Montgomery, Lord, 53
+
+Montrose, Duchess of, 61
+
+Morley, Arnold, 49
+
+Mornington, Earl of, 45
+
+Mortimer House, 64
+
+Moss, Rev. Charles, 25
+
+Motcomb Street, 63
+
+Mount Edgcumbe, Earl of, 71
+
+Mount Street, 17
+
+Munro, Hon. B. J., 54
+
+Munro, W., 53
+
+Munster, Earl of, 65
+
+Murchison, Sir Roderick, 61
+
+Murray, General Sir G., 61
+
+
+Nash, John, 34
+
+Naval and Military Club, 50
+
+Neat House Gardens, 81
+
+Neat houses, 86
+
+Nelson, Lord, 29
+
+New County Club, 23
+
+New Travellers' Club, 50
+
+Neyte, Manor of, 3, 81
+
+Nicholson, Sir W. G., 46
+
+Nightingale, Florence, 38
+
+Nollekens, 99, 107, 109
+
+Norfolk Street, 16
+
+Northbrook, Earl of, 53
+
+North, Lord, 13, 19
+
+Northumberland, Duke of, 59
+
+Northumberland, Dowager Duchess of, 17
+
+Norton, Hon. Mrs., 43
+
+
+O'Brien, Nelly, 14
+
+O'Connell, D., 43
+
+Omnium, Jacob, 68
+
+O'Neil, Miss, 43
+
+Orford, Earl of, 37
+
+Oriental Club, 22
+
+Orkney, Lord, 32
+
+Orme Square, 101
+
+Ormonde, Marquis of, 16
+
+Osborn, Sir G., 40
+
+Osborne, Admiral, 40
+
+Osnaburgh Row, 59
+
+Owen, William, 87
+
+Oxford, Earl of, 34
+
+Oxford Street, 9
+
+Oxford Terrace, 95
+
+
+Paddington, 87
+
+Paddington Station, 118
+
+Palmerston, Lady, 12
+
+Palmerston, Lord, 23, 39, 50, 53
+
+Paoli, General, 15, 29
+
+Parish, H., 65
+
+Park Lane, 10
+
+Park Street, 14
+
+Parr, Dr., 20, 57
+
+Partington, O., 33
+
+Peabody, G., 67
+
+Peel, Sir Robert, 17, 39
+
+Pembroke, Countess of, 13
+
+Penn, Granville, 45
+
+Pennington, Rev. G., 76
+
+Penrhyn, Lord, 64
+
+Pepys, Sir Lucas, 16
+
+Perceval, Sir Spencer, 16
+
+Percy, Earl, 42
+
+Perry, Sir E., 65
+
+Peterborough, Earl of, 43
+
+Petersburgh Place, 101
+
+Pettigrew, Dr., 66
+
+Phillips, Ambrose, 15, 23
+
+Phillips, Sir T., 26
+
+Piccadilly, 46
+
+Picton, Sir T., 29
+
+Pillars of Hercules, 54
+
+Pimlico Road, 74
+
+Pinkerton, Mr., 70
+
+Pioneer Club, 37
+
+Pitt, William, 37
+
+Pope, 34, 45
+
+Pope, Mrs., 44
+
+Portmore, Lord, 32
+
+Portuguese Embassy, 16
+
+Pott, P., 23
+
+Poulet, Lord, 32
+
+Powis, Earl of, 36
+
+Pretender, the Young, 43
+
+Priestley, 35
+
+
+Queensberry, Duke of, 53
+
+Queen's Meadhouse, 51
+
+Queen's Road, 101
+
+Queen Street, 40
+
+
+Radcliffe, Delme, 27
+
+Radcliffe, Mrs., 74
+
+Raffles, Sir T. S., 13
+
+Raglan, Lord, 39
+
+Raikes, Thomas, 13
+
+Ranelagh Grove, 76
+
+Ranelagh Terrace, 76
+
+Reay, Lord, 39
+
+Reid, Sir James, 19
+
+Reid, Sir R. T., 67
+
+Revelstoke, Lord, 38
+
+Reynolds, Miss, 63
+
+Richmond, Duke of, 61
+
+Rigby, Francis Hale, 17
+
+Rockingham, Lord, 12
+
+Roden, Countess of, 38
+
+Rodney, Admiral, 23
+
+Rodwell, G. H., 70
+
+Romilly, Lord, 40
+
+Rothes, Countess of, 16
+
+Rothschild, Alfred, 41
+
+Rothschild, Leopold, 53
+
+Rothschild, Lord, 54
+
+Rothschild, Miss Alice, 54
+
+Rothschild, N. M., 52
+
+Rothschild, Sir Anthony, 59
+
+Rowton, Lord, 36
+
+Royal Academy of Music, 24
+
+Royal Asiatic Society, 31
+
+Royal Association for Deaf and Dumb, 10
+
+Royal Institute of British Architects, 27
+
+Royal Institution, 30
+
+Royal Medical Society, 22
+
+Royal Mews, 72
+
+Royal Oak Station, 102
+
+Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, 10
+
+Royal Thames Yacht Club, 31
+
+Ruggles-Brise, Sir E., 38
+
+Russell, Lord John, 15, 62, 64
+
+Russell, Lord William, 16
+
+Russia, Emperor of, 51
+
+Russian Embassy, 33, 64
+
+Rutland, Duke of, 32
+
+Ryland, W., 74
+
+
+St. Albans, Duchess of, 49
+
+St. Albans, Duke of, 29
+
+St. Andrews, Bishop of, 67
+
+St. George's Burial-ground, 94
+
+St. George's Hospital, 56
+
+St. George's Parish, 2
+
+St. George's Place, 56
+
+St. George's Road, 83
+
+St. George's Row, 84
+
+St. George's Square, 85
+
+St. George's Union, 79
+
+St. James's Club, 52
+
+St. John, Viscount, 32
+
+St. Mary's Hospital, 117
+
+St. Mary's Terrace, 116
+
+St. Peter's Institute, 73
+
+St. Vincent, Earl, 19, 43
+
+St. Vincent's Home, 105
+
+Sandhurst, Lord, 67
+
+Sandwich, Earl of, 82
+
+Sandwich, fourth Earl of, 45
+
+Savile Club, 52
+
+Savory, Sir B., 20
+
+Scarborough, Earl of, 12
+
+Scott, J. H., 40
+
+Scott, Sir Walter, 28, 52
+
+Seamore Place, 41
+
+Sefton, Earl of, 61
+
+Selborne, Earl of, 17
+
+Selwyn, George, 28
+
+Sesame Club, 33
+
+Shackleton, John, 36
+
+Shaftesbury, Earl of, 13, 61, 102
+
+Shakespeare, 117
+
+Shannon, Earl of, 54
+
+Sharp, Richard, 12
+
+Shaw, Sir Frederick, 66
+
+Shelburne, Lord, 26
+
+Shelley, 39, 44
+
+Shepherd's Market, 44
+
+Sheridan, 26, 37, 40, 45
+
+Shire Horse Society, 21
+
+Shirley, S., 42
+
+Sibthorpe, Colonel, 66, 68
+
+Siddons, Mrs., 99, 106, 108, 109
+
+Skelton, W., 70
+
+Sligo, Marchioness of, 32
+
+Smirke, Sidney, 36
+
+Smith, Sydney, 16, 20, 40
+
+Soltykoff, Prince, 42
+
+Somerset, Duke of, 12
+
+Sondes, Earl, 12
+
+Sotheby, W., 19
+
+Southampton, Lord, 39, 53
+
+South Audley Street, 14
+
+South Molton Street, 20
+
+South Street, 13, 38
+
+Southwick Crescent, 95
+
+Spanish Embassy, 70
+
+Stafford, Viscount, 73
+
+Stair, Lord, 26
+
+Stanhope, Countess, 43
+
+Stanhope, Earl, 59
+
+Stapleton, Hon. Thomas, 63
+
+Stephen, E. B., 74
+
+Sterne, Laurence, 29, 94
+
+Stonehewer, R., 42
+
+Stowell, Lord, 32
+
+Strange, Lord, 41
+
+Stratford de Redclyffe, Lord, 13
+
+Stratheden, Lord, 37
+
+Strathnairn, Lord, 36
+
+Stratton Street, 49
+
+Stromboli House, 75
+
+Suffolk, Countess of, 14
+
+Sullivan, John, 53
+
+Sussex, Duke of, 25
+
+Sutherland, Duke of, 53
+
+Swift, 28
+
+Sydenham, Lord, 15
+
+
+Talleyrand, Prince, 20
+
+Tattersall's, 61
+
+Templemore, Lord, 17
+
+Tenterden Street, 24
+
+Thomson, James, 29
+
+Thrale, Henry, 12
+
+Tierney, George, 33, 45
+
+Tierney, Sir M., 37
+
+Tilney Street, 39
+
+Titchborne Road, 95
+
+Trevelyan, Sir G., 62
+
+Trinity Chapel, 57
+
+Troubridge, Sir T., 20, 65
+
+Truro, Chancellor, 67
+
+Turf Club, 43
+
+Tweeddale, Marquis, 37
+
+Tyburn, The, 19, 88
+
+
+Upper Brook Street, 16
+
+Upper Eaton Street, 70
+
+Upper Grosvenor Street, 12, 16
+
+
+Van Butchell, Martin, 17
+
+Vandergucht, B., 20
+
+Vandergucht, Gerald, 20
+
+Vane, Lady, 37
+
+Vane, Miss, 19
+
+Vauxhall Bridge Road, 82
+
+Vesey, Mrs., 43
+
+Vestris, Madame, 42
+
+Victoria Bridge, 77
+
+Victoria Square, 71
+
+Victoria Station, 80
+
+Vivares, 109
+
+
+Waldegrave, Lady, 36
+
+Wallace, Sir R., 51
+
+Walpole, Horace, 36, 37, 42
+
+Walpole, Sir R., 58
+
+Walsingham, Lord, 67
+
+Warburton, Bishop, 12
+
+Warner, Captain, 76
+
+Warwick Crescent, 120
+
+Warwick Square, 83
+
+Warwick Street, 82
+
+Watier's Club, 50
+
+Waverton Street, 39
+
+Weekes, H., 74
+
+Welby, Sir C. G., 38
+
+Welby, Lord, 49
+
+Wellesley, Lord C., 65
+
+Wellesley, Marquis, 12, 54
+
+Wellington Club, 59
+
+Wellington, Duke of, 53, 54
+
+Westbourne, 91, 94
+
+Westbourne Green, 102
+
+Westbourne Place, 103
+
+Westbourne, the, 88
+
+Westbury, Lord, 38
+
+Westmacott, Mr., 63
+
+Westmacott, Sir R., 15
+
+Westminster, Duke of, 16
+
+Westmoreland Street, 85
+
+Wharncliffe House, 42
+
+Wharton, Duke of, 27
+
+Wharton, Marquis of, 34
+
+Whitbread, S., 19, 34
+
+Whitehead, W., 15
+
+White Horse Cellar, 47
+
+White Horse Street, 44
+
+White, Lydia, 14
+
+Wightman, Justice, 65
+
+Wilberforce, 27
+
+Wilbraham, Roger, 49
+
+Wilkes, John, 13, 15
+
+Willes, Justice, 67
+
+Williams, Sir J., 20
+
+Willoughby, Lord, 49
+
+Wilson, Sir T. R., 38
+
+Wilton, Dowager Countess, 17
+
+Wilton Crescent, 62
+
+Wilton Place, 62
+
+Wilton Road, 82
+
+Wilton Street, 66
+
+Windsor, Lord, 17
+
+Wombwell, Sir G., 26, 62
+
+Wood, Sir Charles, 64
+
+Wood, Sir Matthew, 16
+
+Woodstock Street, 20
+
+Worcester, Bishop of, 60
+
+Wordsworth Ladies College, 122
+
+Wraxall, Sir N., 43
+
+Wyndham, Sir W., 34
+
+
+Yates, Richard, 74
+
+York, Duke of, 14
+
+
+Zoffany, 32
+
+Zoological Society, 21
+
+
+THE END
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+BILLING AND SONS, LTD., PRINTERS, GUILDFORD
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note:
+
+The following errors in the original index have been corrected.
+
+   Radcliffe, Mrs., 74 was Redcliffe, Mrs., and appeared between
+   Reay and Reid.
+
+   Savile Club, 52 was Savill Club, 52
+
+   Stratford de Redclyffe, Lord, 13 was Stratford de Redcliffe,
+   Lord, 13
+
+   Stratheden, Lord, 37 was Strathden, Lord, 37
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MAYFAIR, BELGRAVIA, AND BAYSWATER***
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