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+Project Gutenberg's Log-book of Timothy Boardman, by Samuel W Boardman
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Log-book of Timothy Boardman
+       Kept On Board The Privateer Oliver Cromwell, During A
+       Cruise From New London, Ct., to Charleston, S. C., And
+       Return, In 1778; Also, A Biographical Sketch of The Author.
+
+Author: Samuel W Boardman
+
+Release Date: July 12, 2008 [EBook #26040]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LOG-BOOK OF TIMOTHY BOARDMAN ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Robert Cicconetti, Anne Storer and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+book was produced from scanned images of public domain
+material from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Transcriber's Notes:
+ 1) Characters following ^ are supercripted-in the case of
+    ^oClock, it is just the "o".
+ 2) Inconsistent spellings and hyphenations have been left
+    as printed.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+ LOG-BOOK
+ OF
+ TIMOTHY BOARDMAN;
+
+ KEPT ON BOARD THE PRIVATEER OLIVER CROMWELL,
+ DURING A CRUISE FROM NEW LONDON, CT.,
+ TO CHARLESTON, S. C., AND RETURN, IN 1778;
+
+
+ ALSO,
+
+ A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
+ OF THE AUTHOR.
+
+ BY THE REV. SAMUEL W. BOARDMAN, D.D.
+
+
+ ISSUED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE RUTLAND
+ COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
+
+
+ ALBANY, N. Y.:
+ JOEL MUNSELL'S SONS.
+ 1885.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+Under the auspices of the Rutland County Historical Society, is
+published the Log-Book of Timothy Boardman, one of the pioneer settlers
+of the town of Rutland, Vermont. This journal was kept on board the
+privateer, Oliver Cromwell, during two cruises; the second one from New
+London, Conn., to Charleston, S. C.; the third from Charleston to New
+London, in the year 1778. It seems that the Log-Book of the first cruise
+was either lost, never kept, or Mr. Boardman was not one of the crew to
+keep it. It was kept as a private diary without any view to its ever
+being published.
+
+When this manuscript, on coarse, unruled paper, was brought to light, it
+came to the knowledge of the officers of the county historical society,
+who, at once, decided that it was a document of considerable value and
+should be published. Correspondence was accordingly opened with the
+Rev. Samuel W. Boardman, D.D., of Stanhope, New Jersey, a grandson of
+Timothy, to whom this document properly belonged, asking his permission
+to allow the society to publish it. The Reverend Doctor immediately gave
+his consent; and in his own words: "Supposed it was largely dry details.
+Still these may throw side lights of value, on the history of the
+times." At the same time he also consented to furnish a biographical
+sketch of his grandfather to be published with the Log-Book. Accordingly
+the sketch was prepared, but it proves to be not only a sketch, but a
+valuable genealogy of that branch of the Boardman family. This sketch
+was collected from many sources, mostly from manuscripts.
+
+The Boardmans in Rutland county are all known as a strictly industrious,
+upright, religious, scholarly race; and they are so interwoven with the
+early history, business and educational interests of the county, that
+this document must meet with general favor and interest.
+
+                           JOHN M. CURRIER,
+                    _Sec. of the Rutland County_
+                        _Historical Society._
+
+
+
+
+ BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
+ OF
+ DEA. TIMOTHY BOARDMAN.
+
+ BY
+ REV. SAMUEL W. BOARDMAN, D.D.
+
+ Stanhope, New Jersey.
+
+
+
+
+BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.
+
+
+There is still preserved a letter from England, written in a fine hand,
+with red ink, dated Obeydon? Feb. 5, 1641, and directed,
+
+    "to her very loveing sonne
+          SAMUEL BOREMAN,
+      Ipswich in New England
+          give this with
+              haste."
+
+The letter is as follows:
+
+"Good sonne, I have receaved your letter: whereby I understand that you
+are in good health, for which I give God thanks, as we are all--Praised
+be God for the same. Whereas you desire to see your brother Christopher
+with you, he is not ready for so great a journey, nor do I think he dare
+take upon him so dangerous a voyage. Your five sisters are all alive and
+in good health and remember their love to you. Your father hath been
+dead almost this two years, and thus troubleing you no further at this
+time, I rest, praying to God to bless you and your wife, unto whome we
+all kindly remember our loves.
+
+    Your ever loving mother,
+                 "JULIAN BORMAN."
+
+This letter exhibits many of the characteristics of the Puritans to whom
+the Bormans belonged. They were intensely religious; this short letter
+contains the name of God three times and speaks of both prayer and
+praise. The Puritans were an intelligent people, reading and writing;
+this letter is a specimen of the correspondence carried on between the
+earliest settlers and their kindred whom they had left in England. They
+were an affectionate people, "remembering their loves" to one another;
+and praying, for one another, as this mother did for her son and his
+wife. This short letter has the word "love" four times.
+
+They were a persistent people, those who came hither did not shrink from
+the hardships around them. They came to stay, and sent back for their
+friends. Samuel desired Christopher to follow him. Many of their
+families were large, there were at least nine members of this Puritan
+household. Samuel was born probably about 1610; he had emigrated from
+England in 1635 or 1636. His name is found at Ipswich, Mass., about 1637
+where land was assigned to him. Ipswich had been organized in 1635 with
+some of the most intelligent and wealthy colonists. His father died
+after Samuel's emigration to America, in 1639. His wife's name was Mary;
+their oldest child, so far as we have record, was Isaac, born at
+Wethersfield, Ct., Feb. 3, 1642. He probably journeyed through the
+wilderness from Ipswich, Mass., which is twenty-six miles north of
+Boston, to Wethersfield, Ct., about one hundred and fifty miles, in 1639
+or 1640.
+
+Between 1630 and 1640 many of the best families in England sent
+representatives to America. It is said that Oliver Cromwell was at one
+time on the point of coming. Between February and August, 1630,
+seventeen ships loaded with families, bringing their cattle, furniture
+and other worldly goods, arrived. One ship of four hundred tons brought
+one hundred and forty passengers, others perhaps a larger number. Among
+them were Matthew and Priscilla Grant, from whom Gen. Grant was of the
+eighth generation in descent. Bancroft says, "Many of them had been
+accustomed to ease and affluence; an unusual proportion were graduates
+of Cambridge and Oxford. The same rising tide of strong English sense
+and piety, which soon overthrew tyranny forever in the British Isles,
+under Cromwell, was forcing the best blood in England to these shores."
+The shores of New England says George P. Marsh, were then sown with the
+finest of wheat; Plymouth Rock had but just received the pilgrims; the
+oldest cottages and log-cabins on the coast were yet new, when Samuel
+Boreman first saw them. The Puritans were a people full of religion,
+ministers came with their people; they improved the time on the voyage,
+Roger Clap's diary, kept on shipboard 1630, says, "So we came by the
+good hand of our God through the deep _comfortably_, having preaching
+and expounding of the word of God _every day for ten weeks_ together by
+our ministers." Mr. Blaine says that the same spirit which kept
+Cromwell's soldiers at home to fight for liberty after 1640, impelled
+men to America before that time, so that there was probably never an
+emigration, in the history of the world, so influential as that to New
+England from 1620 to 1643.
+
+It is possible that Christopher Boreman fought and perhaps fell in the
+army of the commonwealth. But why did so many of the early settlers,
+quickly leave the Atlantic coast for the Connecticut valley? Their first
+historians say there was even then "a hankering for new land." They
+wished also to secure it from occupation by the Dutch who were entering
+it. Reports of its marvelous fertility, says Bancroft, had the same
+effect on their imagination, as those concerning the Genesee and Miami
+have since exerted, inducing the "western fever," "Young man go West."
+The richness of the soil of the Wethersfield meadows has been celebrated
+as widely as the aroma of its onions. It is only three miles from
+Hartford and was for two centuries one of the most prominent communities
+in Connecticut. There was scarcely a more cultured society anywhere. "It
+were a sin," said the early colonists "to leave so fertile a land
+unimproved." The Pequod war had annihilated a powerful and hostile tribe
+on the Thames in 1637. Six hundred Indians perished, only two whites
+were killed. Connecticut was long after that comparatively safe from
+Indians. In 1639, the people formed themselves into a body politic by a
+voluntary association. The elective franchise belonged to all the
+members of the towns who had taken the oath of allegiance to the
+commonwealth. It was the most perfect democracy which had ever been
+organized. It rested on free labor. "No jurisdiction of the English
+monarch was recognized; the laws of honest justice were the basis of
+their commonwealth. They were near to nature. These humble emigrants
+invented an admirable system. After two centuries and a half, the people
+of Connecticut desire no essential change from the government
+established by their Puritan fathers." (Bancroft).
+
+The first emigration of Puritans to the Connecticut river is supposed to
+have been to "Pyquag," now Wethersfield, in 1634. The next year 1635,
+witnessed the first to Windsor and Hartford; while in the following year
+1636, Rev. Thomas Hooker and his famous colony made the forest resound
+with psalms of praise, as in June, they made their pilgrimage from the
+seaside "to the delightful banks" of the Connecticut. Hooker was
+esteemed, "The light of the western churches," and a lay associate, John
+Haynes, had been governor of Massachusetts. The church at Wethersfield
+was organized while Mrs. Boreman's letter given above, was on its way,
+Feb. 28, 1641; Samuel and Mary Boreman were undoubtedly among its
+earliest members. His first pastor there was Rev. Richard Denton,
+whom Cotton Mather describes, as "a little man with a great soul, an
+accomplished mind in a lesser body, an Iliad in a nutshell; blind of an
+eye, but a great seer; seeing much of what eye hath not seen." In the
+deep forests, amid the cabins of settlers, and the wigwams of savages,
+he composed a system of Divinity entitled "Soliloquia Sacra." Rev. John
+Sherman, born in Dedham, England, Dec. 26, 1613, educated at Cambridge,
+who came to America in 1634, also preached here for a short time. He
+was afterwards settled at Watertown Mass., had twenty-two children and
+died in 1685. The colony at New Haven, which was soon united with them,
+was founded in 1638, under Rev. John Davenport and Gov. Theophilus
+Eaton. They first met under an oak and afterward in a barn. After a day
+of fasting and prayer they established their first civil government on a
+simple plantation covenant "to obey the Scriptures." Only church members
+had the franchise; the minister gave a public charge to the governor to
+judge righteously, with the text: "The cause that is too hard for you
+bring it unto me, and I will hear it," "Thus," says Bancroft, "New Haven
+made the Bible its statute book, and the elect its freemen." The very
+atmosphere of New Haven is still full of the Divine favor distilled
+from the honor thus put upon God's word in the foundation of its
+institutions. There were five capital qualities which greatly
+distinguished the early New England Puritans. I. Good intellectual
+endowments; they were of the party of Milton and Cromwell. II. Intense
+religiousness; the names Pilgrim and Puritan, are synonymous with
+zealous piety. III. Education; many were graduates of colleges; they
+founded Harvard in 1636. IV. Business thrift; godliness has the promise
+of the world that now is, as well as of that which is to come. V. Public
+spirit; they immediately built churches, schools, court houses, and
+state houses.
+
+The newly married son to whom Julian Borman, the Puritan widow, with
+seven children, wrote from England in 1641, obviously partook of these
+common characteristics. He was soon recognized as a young man to be
+relied upon. "Few of the first settlers of Connecticut," says Hinman,
+author of the genealogy of the Puritans, "came here with a better
+reputation, or sustained it more uniformly through life."
+
+In 1646-7-8. He was a juror.
+
+1649. Appointed by the Gen. Court, sealer of weights and measures.
+
+1657-8-9-60-61-62-63, and many years afterward, representative of
+Wethersfield in the Legislature of Connecticut, styled "Deputy to the
+General Court."
+
+Hinman says, few men, if any, in the colony, represented their own town
+for so many sessions.
+
+1660. On the grand jury of the colony.
+
+1670. Nominated assistant.
+
+1662. Distributor of William's estate.
+
+1662. Appointed by Gen. Court on committee to pay certain taxes.
+
+1665. Chairman of a committee appointed by the Legislature, to settle
+with the Indians the difficulty about the bounds of land near
+Middletown, "in an equitable way."
+
+1660. On a similar committee to purchase of the Indians Thirty Mile
+Island.
+
+1665. Chairman of a committee of the Legislature to report on land,
+petitioned for by G. Higby.
+
+1663. Appointed chairman of committee to lay out the bounds of
+Middletown.
+
+He died just two hundred and twelve years ago in April, 1673. His estate
+was appraised by the selectmen of Wethersfield, May 2, 1673 at £742,
+15_s_, about $4,000. His son Isaac then 31 years old is not named in the
+settlement of the estate, and had perhaps received his patrimony. He had
+ten children, seven sons and three daughters, of whom the youngest was
+six years old; he had three grandchildren, the children of his oldest
+son, Isaac. All his children received scriptural names, as was common in
+Puritan families. His descendants are now doubtless several thousands in
+number. Only a very small part, after two hundred and fifty years, of a
+man's descendants bear his name. His daughters and their descendants,
+his sons' daughters and their descendants, one-half, three-quarters,
+seven-eights, diverge from the ancestral name, etc., till but a
+thousandth part, after a few centuries retain the ancestral name, and
+those who retain it owe to a hundred others as much of their lineage as
+to him. Such is God's plan; the race are endlessly interwoven together;
+no man liveth unto himself. But a few comparatively, of the descendants
+of Samuel Borman can now be traced. His own name, however, has been
+carried by them into the United States Senate; into the lower house of
+Congress; into many State Legislatures; to the bar and to the bench;
+into many pulpits, and into several chairs of collegiate and
+professional instruction. Yet these can represent but a few of his
+descendants who have been equally useful. Probably a larger number of
+them are still to be found in Connecticut than in any other state. Among
+them is the family of Rev. Noah Porter, D. D., LL. D., the President of
+Yale College, who married a daughter of Rev. Dr. N. W. Taylor. The
+prayers of Julian Borman for "her good sonne"--"her very loving sonne,
+Samuel Boreman" already reach, under the covenant promise of Him who
+remembers mercy to a thousand generations, a widely scattered family.
+
+In the above letter the name is spelled both with and without the letter
+"_e_" after "_r_;" the letter "_d_" is not found until 1712. The letter
+"_a_," was not inserted until 1750; so that the descendants of Samuel,
+may still bear all these names, Borman, Boreman, Bordman or Boardman,
+according to the generation at which the line traced, reaches the parent
+stock. It is said that the name, however spelled, is still pronounced
+"Borman," at Wethersfield. The rise of Cromwell in England, the long
+Parliament, the Westminster Assembly, the execution of Charles the
+First, the establishment of the commonwealth, its power by sea and land,
+the death of the Protector, the restoration of Charles the Second, were
+events of which Samuel must have heard by letter from his brother and
+sisters, as well as in other ways. He doubtless had numerous kinsmen on
+the side of both his father and his mother, who were involved in these
+movements of the times in England. Perhaps Richard Boardman, one of the
+first two "Traveling Methodist Preachers on the continent," who came
+here from England in 1769, was among the descendants.
+
+At the same time the pioneer legislator in the Colonial General Court
+just established in the wilds of America, was aiding to lay Scriptural
+foundations for institutions of civil and religious liberty in the New
+World. He left a Thomas Boreman, perhaps an uncle, in Ipswich, Mass.
+During the thirty-seven years of his life, after his emigration, he saw
+new colonies planted at many points along the Atlantic coast. He saw the
+older colonies constantly strengthened by fresh arrivals, and by the
+natural increase of the population. Several other Boremans came to
+New England very early, some of whom may have been his kindred. He
+accumulated and left a considerable estate for that day, derived in part
+undoubtedly, from the increase in the value of the new lands, which he
+had at first occupied, and which he afterward sold at an advanced price.
+Some in every generation, of his descendants have done likewise; going
+first north, and east, and then further and further west. One of the
+descendants of his youngest son Nathaniel, now living, a man of
+distinguished ability, Hon. E. J. H. Boardman of Marshalltown, Iowa,
+is said to have amassed in this manner a large fortune.
+
+Samuel Boreman died far from his early home and kindred. He was not
+buried beside father or mother, or by the graves of ancestors who had
+for centuries lived and died and been buried there; but on a continent
+separated from them by a great ocean. He was doubtless buried on the
+summit of the hill in the old cemetery at Wethersfield, in a spot which
+overlooks the broad and fertile meadows of the Connecticut river. In the
+same plot his children and grandchildren lie, with monuments, though
+no monument marks his own grave. In his childhood, he may have seen
+Shakespeare and Bacon. He lived cotemporary with Cromwell; and Milton,
+who died, a year after he was buried at Wethersfield. His wife Mary, the
+mother of us all, died eleven years later, in 1684, leaving an estate
+of $1,300. As his body was lowered into the grave, his widow and ten
+children may have stood around it, the oldest, Isaac, aged 31, with his
+two or three little children; the second, Mary, Mrs. Robbins, at the age
+of twenty-nine; Samuel, Jr., twenty-five; Joseph twenty-three; John
+twenty-one; Sarah, eighteen; Daniel, fifteen; Jonathan, thirteen;
+Nathaniel, ten; Martha, seven. Most of these children lived to have
+families, and left children, whose descendants now doubtless number
+thousands. Isaac had three sons and one daughter and died in 1719, at
+the age of seventy-seven. Samuel had two sons and three daughters, and
+died in 1720, at seventy-two years of age. Daniel, then fifteen; from
+whom Timothy Boardman, the author of the Log-Book, was descended; had
+twelve children, nine sons and three daughters, and died in 1724, at the
+age of seventy-six. Jonathan had two sons and three daughters, and died
+September 21, 1712, at the age of fifty-one. Nathaniel married in
+Windsor, at the age of forty-four, and had but one son, Nathaniel, and
+died two months after his next older brother Jonathan, perhaps of a
+contagious disease, November 29, 1712; at the age of forty-nine. The
+descendants of Nathaniel are now found in Norwich, Vt., and elsewhere;
+and those of Samuel in Sheffield, Mass., and elsewhere. But the later
+descendants of the other sons, except Samuel, Daniel and Nathaniel, and
+of the daughters, I have no means of tracing. They are scattered in
+Connecticut and widely in other states. During the lives of this second
+generation occurred King Phillip's war, which decimated the New England
+Colonies, and doubtless affected this family with others. Within their
+time also, Yale College was founded, and went into operation first at
+Wethersfield, close by the original Borman homestead.
+
+The writer of this has made sermons in the old study of Rector Williams,
+the president of the college, near the old Boardman house, which was
+standing in 1856, the oldest house in Wethersfield. The second
+generation of Boardmans, of course occupied more "new lands." Daniel,
+the fifth son of Samuel, owned land in Litchfield and New Milford, then
+new settlements, as well as in Wethersfield. Jonathan married in
+Hatfield, Mass.
+
+The third generation, the grandchildren of Samuel, the names of
+twenty-nine of whom (seventeen grandsons and twelve grand-daughters),
+all children of Samuel's five sons, are preserved; went out to occupy
+territory still further from home. We have little account however,
+except of the nine sons of Daniel, the seventh child of Samuel. Daniel
+the great-grandfather of Timothy, the author of the Log-Book, was
+married to Hannah Wright just a hundred years before the marriage of
+that great-grandson, June 8, 1683, while the war-whoop of King Phillip's
+Narraganset savages was still resounding through the forest. Of his
+twelve children, two sons, John and Charles, died before reaching full
+maturity, John at the age of nineteen, near the death of two of his
+uncles, Jonathan and Nathaniel, in 1712; and Charles the youngest child,
+at the age of seventeen, very near the time of his father's death, in
+1724. One son died in infancy. Of his daughters, Mabel, married Josiah
+Nichols, and for her second husband John Griswold of New Milford; Hannah
+married John Abbe of Enfield; and Martha married Samuel Churchill of
+Wethersfield. Of his six surviving sons, Richard was settled at
+Wethersfield; he married in Milford, and had three children. His second
+son Daniel, born July 12, 1687, was graduated at Yale College in 1709,
+became the first minister of New Milford in 1712 and died in the
+ministry with his people, August 25, 1744. Hinman says: "He gave
+character and tone to the new settlement, by his devotion and active
+service."
+
+He was a man of deep piety, and of great force of character. It is
+related that an Indian medicine man, and this Puritan pastor met by the
+sick-bed of the same poor savage. The Indian raised his horrid clamor
+and din, which was intended to exorcise according to their customs the
+evil spirit of the disease. At the same time Mr. Boardman lifted up his
+voice in prayer to Him who alone can heal the sick. The conflict of
+rival voices waxed long and loud to see which should drown out the
+other. Mr. Boardman was blessed with unusual power of lungs like his
+nephew Rev. Benjamin Boardman, tutor at Yale and pastor in Hartford, who
+for his immense volume of voice, while a chaplain in the Revolutionary
+army was called by the patriots the "Great gun of the gospel." The
+defeated charmer, acknowledged himself outdone and bounding from the
+bedside hid his defeat in the forest. Mr. Boardman died about the time
+his parishioners and neighbors were on the famous expedition to Cape
+Breton and the capture of Louisburg and when Whitfield's preaching was
+arousing the church. He was twice married and had six children. His
+second wife, the mother of all but his oldest child was a widow, Mrs.
+Jerusha Seeley, one of nine daughters of Deacon David Sherman of
+Poquonnoch. Their children were:
+
+I. Penelopy, Mrs. Dr. Carrington.
+
+II. Tamar, wife of Mr. Boardman's successor in the pastorate at New
+Milford, Rev. Nathaniel Taylor; mother of Major-General Augustine
+Taylor, of the war of 1812; and grandmother of Prof. Nathaniel W.
+Taylor, D.D., of New Haven.
+
+III. Mercy, the wife of Gillead Sperry, and grandmother of Rev. Dr.
+Wheaton of Hartford.
+
+IV. Jerusha, wife of Rev. Daniel Farrand of Canaan, Ct., and mother of
+Hon. Daniel Farrand (Yale, 1781), Judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont.
+This judge had nine daughters, one of whom married Hon. Stephen Jacobs,
+of Windsor, also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont.
+
+Rev. Daniel Boardman left but one son, the Hon. Sherman Boardman, who
+was but sixteen years old at the time of his father's death. From the
+age of twenty-one he was for forty-seven years constantly in civil or
+military office. He was for twenty-one sessions a member of the General
+Assembly of Connecticut, of which his great-grandfather Samuel, had been
+so long a member. His four sons, Major Daniel (Yale, 1781), Elijah,
+Homer, and David Sherman (Yale, 1793), were all members of the
+Connecticut Legislature, in one or both branches, for many years. Elijah
+was also elected a United States Senator, from Connecticut in 1821. He
+founded Boardman, Ohio, and died while on a visit there Aug. 18, 1823.
+His son, William W. Boardman (Yale, 1812), was speaker of the house of
+the Connecticut Legislature, and elected to Congress in 1840. He left
+an ample fortune, and his large and comely monument stands near the
+centre of the old historic cemetery of New Haven, Ct., in which city he
+resided. This branch of the family, second cousins of the author of the
+Log-Book, though descended from the Puritan pastor Daniel Boardman, are
+now associated with the Protestant Episcopal church.
+
+The brothers of the pastor, grandsons of Samuel, were scattered in
+various places. Richard settled in Wethersfield, as already noticed.
+Israel settled at Stratford, and had two sons and one daughter. Joshua,
+received by his father's will the homestead, but afterward removed to
+Springfield, Mass. Benjamin settled at Sharon, and received from his
+father lands in Litchfield and New Milford, lands which the family had
+probably purchased while the son and brother was preaching there.
+Timothy, the ninth child of Daniel, only twelve years old when his
+brother became pastor at New Milford, died only a few days before the
+birth of his namesake, and first grandchild, the author of the Log-Book.
+He lived and died in Wethersfield. His enterprise however, like that of
+his grandfather who emigrated from England, and that of his father who
+acquired lands in Litchfield and New Milford, went out, as that of many
+of their descendants does to-day, in the west, for "more land." He and
+his brother Joshua, and other thrifty citizens of Wethersfield, fixed
+upon the province of Maine as the field of their enterprise. Timothy and
+Joshua owned the tract of land, thirty miles from north to south, and
+twenty-eight from east to west, which now, apparently, constitutes
+Lincoln Co. They had a clear title to eight hundred and forty square
+miles, about twenty-two townships, along or near the Atlantic coast. By
+the census of 1880, the assessed valuation of real estate in this county
+was $4,737,807; of personal property $1,896,886. Total $6,634,693. It
+embraces 3,213 farms; 146,480 acres of improved land, valued, including
+buildings and fences at $4,403,985; affording an annual production,
+valued at $759,560. The population was 24,326 of whom 23,756 were
+natives of Maine.
+
+This tract which should have been called "Boardman county," had been
+originally purchased of the Indians by one John Brown, probably as early
+as the close of King Phillip's war. It was purchased by the Boardman
+brothers in 1732, from the great-grandchildren of John Brown, requiring
+a considerable number of deeds which are now on record in the county
+clerk's office at York, Maine. These deeds were from Wm. Huxley, Eleazar
+Stockwell, and many others, heirs of John Brown, and of Richard Pearse
+his son-in-law. Two of them show $2,000 each as the sums paid for their
+purchase.
+
+William Frazier, a grandson of Timothy, and an own cousin of the
+author of the Log-Book, received something more than two townships, and
+although German intruders early settled upon these lands, many of whose
+descendants are now among the leading citizens of that county, yet there
+seems to be little reason to doubt that if, after the close of the
+Revolutionary war, the author of the Log-Book and other heirs had gone
+in quest of those ample possessions, something handsome, perhaps half of
+the county, might have been secured. There is a tradition that the true
+owners were betrayed as non-resident owners of unimproved lands often
+are, by their legal agents, who accepted of bribes to defraud those
+whose interests they had promised to secure.
+
+Timothy Boardman 1st, died in mid-life, at the age of fifty-three, and
+this noble inheritance was lost to his heirs. The county became thickly
+settled, and the Boardman titles though acknowledged valid, were it is
+said, confiscated by the Legislature of Massachusetts in favor of the
+actual occupants of the soil, as the shortest though unjust settlement
+of the difficulty.
+
+The fourth generation, the great-grandsons of Samuel included several
+men of prominence, some of whom have been already noticed. Hon. Sherman
+Boardman of New Milford; Rev. Benjamin Boardman, the army chaplain, of
+Hartford, and others. The majority of the family, however, were plain
+and undistinguished men of sterling Puritan qualities, and of great
+usefulness in their several spheres, in the church and in society. Many
+were deacons and elders in their churches, these were too numerous for
+further especial mention, except in a single line. The third child of
+Timothy, the Maine land proprietor, only four years old when Lincoln
+Co., Me. was purchased by his father, became a carpenter, ship-builder
+and cabinet maker, and settled in Middletown, Ct., which his
+great-grandfather Samuel had surveyed nearly a century before. He
+married Jemima Johnson, Nov. 14, 1751, and his oldest child, born Jan.
+20, 1754, was the author of the Log-Book. The preaching of Whitfield,
+and the "Great Awakening" of the American churches, North, South and
+Central, at this time, and for a whole generation, immediately preceding
+the Revolutionary war, had very much quickened the religious life even
+of the children of the New England Puritans. The Boardman family
+obviously felt the influence of this great revival. The country was
+anew pervaded with intense religious influences.
+
+Many letters and other papers remain from different branches of the
+family of this and of more recent dates, exhibiting a deeply religious
+spirit. The boy Timothy grew up in an atmosphere filled with such
+influences. Many of the habits and feelings brought by the Puritans from
+England still prevailed. To the day of his death he retained much of the
+spirit of those early associations. He left a double portion to his
+oldest son. He inherited the traits of the Puritans; intelligence;
+appreciation of education; deference for different ages and relations in
+society; piety, industry, economy and thrift. His advantages at school
+in the flourishing village of Middletown must have been exceptionally
+good; he early learned to write in an even, correct and handsome hand,
+which he retained for nearly three-quarters of a century; his school
+book on Navigation is before me.
+
+More attention was paid to a correct and handsome chirography, at that
+time, the boyhood of Washington, Jefferson, Sherman and Putnam, than at
+a later day when a larger range of studies had been introduced. "The
+Young Secretary's Guide," a volume of model letters, business forms,
+etc., is preserved; it bears on the first leaf "Timothy Boardman, his
+Book, A.D. 1765." The hand is copy-like, and very handsome, and
+extraordinary if it is his, as it seems to be; though he was then but
+eleven years old. A large manuscript volume of Examples in Navigation,
+obviously in his handwriting, doubtless made in his youth, is also
+before me. The writing and diagrams are like copper-plate. No descendant
+of his, so far as known to the writer could have exceeded it in
+neatness and skill. In his early boyhood the French and Indian war
+filled the public mind with excitement; reports of the exploits of Col.
+Israel Putnam were circulated, as they occurred. The conquest of Canada
+under Gen. Wolf filled the colonies with pride and patriotism. But
+already disaffection between the mother country and the colonies had
+arisen. Resistance to the tea tax and other offensive measures were
+discussed at every fireside. The writer before he was seven years old
+caught from the author of the Log-Book, then over eighty, something of
+the indignant feeling toward England which the latter had acquired at
+the very time when the tea was thrown overboard into Boston harbor.
+Timothy Boardman was ripe for participation in armed resistance when
+the war came. He was just twenty-one as the first blood was shed at
+Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775. Putnam who had left his plow in
+the furrow, was with his Connecticut soldiers, in action, if not in
+chief command at Bunker hill. Timothy Boardman joined the army which
+invested Boston, under Washington in the winter of 1775-1776. He was
+stationed, doubtless with a Connecticut regiment, on Dorchester Heights,
+now South Boston.
+
+After completing this service, in the great uprising of the people to
+oppose the southward progress of Burgoyne, he was called out and marched
+toward Saratoga, but the surrender took place before his regiment
+arrived. With his father he had worked at finishing houses, and the
+inside of vessels built on the Connecticut river, on which Middletown
+is situated. In the winter he was employed largely in cabinet work, in
+the shop; I have the chest which he made and used on the _Oliver
+Cromwell_.
+
+Congress early adopted the policy of sending out privateers or armed
+vessels to capture British merchant vessels. These vessels became prizes
+for the captors. The _Oliver Cromwell_ was chartered by Connecticut,
+with letters of marque and reprisal from the United States. Captain
+Parker was in command. The _Defence_ accompanied the _Oliver Cromwell_;
+they sailed from New London; Timothy Boardman then twenty-four years of
+age enlisted and went on board; he commenced keeping the Log-Book April
+11, 1778; he seems to have been head carpenter on board the ship, and to
+have had severe labors. His assistants appear to have deserted him
+before the close of the voyage. It was his duty to make any needful
+repairs after a storm, or in an engagement and to perform any such
+service necessary even at the time of greatest danger. In a terrific
+storm it was decided to cut away the mast. His hat fell from his head,
+but he scarcely felt it worth while to pick it up, as all were liable so
+soon to go to the bottom. In action, his place was below deck, to be in
+readiness with his tools and material to stop instantly, if possible,
+any leak caused by the enemies' shot. At one time the rigging above him
+was torn and fell upon him, some were killed; blood spattered over him,
+and it was shouted "Boardman is killed." He, however, and another man on
+board, a Mr. Post, father of the late Alpha Post of Rutland, were
+spared to make their homes for half a century among the peaceful hills
+of Vermont.
+
+In the following year 1779, he seems to have sailed down the Atlantic
+coast on an American merchant vessel. He was captured off Charleston, S.
+Carolina, by the British, but after a few days' detention, on board his
+Majesty's vessel, it was thought cheaper to send the prisoners on shore
+than to feed them, and he and his companions were given a boat and set
+at liberty. They reached Charleston in safety. The city was under
+martial law, and the new-comers were for about six weeks put upon
+garrison duty. About this time Lord Cornwallis was gaining signal
+advantages in that vicinity, while Gen. Gates, who had received the
+surrender of Burgoyne, three years before, was badly defeated. After
+completing this service the author of the Log-Book, started to walk home
+to Connecticut. He proceeded on foot to North Carolina, where Andrew
+Jackson was, then a poor boy of twelve years. Jackson's father, a young
+Irish emigrant died within two years after entering those forests, and
+his widow soon to become the mother of a President, was "hauled" through
+their clearing, from their deserted shanty, to his grave, among the
+stumps, in the same lumber wagon with the corpse of her husband. He had
+been dead twelve years when the pilgrim from Connecticut passed that
+way. Overcome, probably by fatigue and by malaria, his progress was
+arrested in North Carolina by fever, and he lay sick all winter among
+strangers.
+
+In the spring of 1780, unable probably, to proceed on foot, he embarked
+from some port, on a merchant ship bound for St. Eustatia, a Dutch
+island, in the West Indies. He was again captured and taken prisoner by
+the British.
+
+He was, however, transferred to a British merchant vessel on which he
+rendered a little service by way of commutation, when he was set at
+liberty on St. Eustatia. The island has an area of 189 square miles,
+population 13,700; latitude 17°, 30', North. Climate generally healthy,
+but with terrific hurricanes and earthquakes, soil very fertile and
+highly cultivated by the thrifty Hollanders, with slave labor. It has
+belonged successively to the Spanish, French, English and Dutch. Having
+been enfeebled by his fever of the winter before, Timothy Boardman now
+twenty-six years old, worked for several months at his trade with good
+wages. I have heard him say that there the tropical sun shone directly
+down the chimney. He used to relate also, how fat the young negroes
+would become in sugaring time, when the sweets of the canefield flowed
+as freely as water. He returned home to Connecticut probably late in
+the year 1780. Vermont was then the open field for emigration. It was
+rapidly receiving settlers from Connecticut. I have no knowledge that he
+ever made any account of the immense tract in Maine, purchased and held
+by deeds, still on record at York, Me., by his grandfather, and in which
+he, as the oldest grandson, born a few days after his grandfather's
+death and named for him, might have been expected to be interested.
+
+He was now twenty-seven. A large family of younger children had long
+occupied his father's house. He sought a home of his own. His younger
+brothers Elisha and Oliver were married and settled before him. He seems
+to have inherited something of the ancestral enterprise of the Puritans,
+"hankering for new land." All his brothers and sisters settled in
+Connecticut, but he made his way in 1781 to Vermont. For a year
+1781-1782, he worked at his trade in Bennington. During this time, he
+purchased a farm in Addison, it is supposed of Ira Allen, a brother of
+the redoubtable Ethan Allen; but the title proved, as so often happened,
+with the early settlers to be defective. He recovered, many years
+afterward, through the fidelity and skill of his lawyer, the Hon. Daniel
+Chipman of Middlebury, the hard earned money which he had paid for the
+farm at Chimney Point. It shows how thrifty he must have been, and how
+resolute in his purpose to follow a pioneer life in Vermont, that after
+this great loss he still had money, and a disposition to buy another
+farm among the Green Mountains. Having put his hand to the plow, he did
+not turn back. He did not perhaps like to have his Connecticut kindred
+and friends think he had failed in what he had undertaken. He had saved
+a good portion of his wages for six or seven years. He had received, as
+the most faithful man in the crew, a double share in the prizes taken by
+the _Oliver Cromwell_. He had perhaps received some aid from his father.
+Though he had paid for and lost one unimproved farm, he was able to buy,
+and did purchase another. He came to Rutland, Vt., in 1782 and bought
+one hundred acres of heavily timbered land from the estate of Rev.
+Benajah Roots, whose blood has long flowed in the same veins, with his
+own. He perhaps thought that if he bought of a minister, he would get a
+good title. He may have known Mr. Roots, at least by reputation, in
+Connecticut, for he had been settled at Simsbury, Ct., before coming to
+a home missionary field in Rutland. The owner of the land was in doubt
+whether to sell it.
+
+The would-be purchaser had brought the specie with which to buy it, in a
+strong linen bag, still it is supposed preserved in the family, near the
+same spot. "Bring in your money," said a friend, "and throw it down on a
+table, so that it will jingle well." The device was successful, the
+joyful sound, where silver was so scarce, brought the desired effect.
+The deed was soon secured, for the land which he owned for nearly sixty
+years.
+
+A clearing was soon made on this land at a point which lies about
+one-half mile south of Centre Rutland, and a-half mile west of Otter
+creek on the slope of a high hill. It was then expected that Centre
+Rutland would be the capital of Vermont. In 1783, he erected amid the
+deep forests, broken only here and there by small clearings, a small
+framed house. He never occupied a log-house; as he was himself a
+skillful carpenter, house-joiner and cabinet maker and had been reared
+in a large village, a city, just as he left it, his taste did not allow
+him to dispense with so many of the comforts of his earlier life as many
+were compelled to relinquish.
+
+He returned to Middletown, and was married, Sept. 28th, 1783, to Mary,
+the eighth child and fifth daughter of Capt. Samuel Ward of Middletown,
+who had twelve children. The Ward family were of equal standing with his
+own. The newly married couple were each a helpmeet unto the other, and
+had probably known each other from early life in the same church and
+perhaps in the same public school. They were both always strongly
+attached to Middletown, their native place; it cost something to tear
+themselves away and betake themselves to a new settlement, which they
+knew must long want many of the advantages which they were leaving. I
+remember the pride and exhileration with which, in his extreme old age,
+he used to speak of Middletown, as he pointed out on his two maps, one
+of them elaborate, in his native city, the old familiar places. He
+revisited it from time to time during his long life, the last time in
+1837, only a year and a-half before his death.
+
+In his journeys between Rutland and Middletown, which he visited with
+his wife, the second year after their marriage, he must have met many
+kindred by the way. His Uncle Daniel Boardman lived in Dalton, and his
+Uncle John in Hancock, Mass., while three brothers of his wife, and a
+sister, Mrs. Charles Goodrich, resided in Pittsfield. Mrs. Ward, his
+mother-in-law, lived also in Pittsfield with her children, till 1815,
+when she was ninety-six years old, her oldest son seventy-six, and her
+eighth child, Mrs. Boardman, over sixty. She and her son-in-law, Judge
+Goodrich, the founder of Pittsfield, who was of about her own age,
+lived, it is said to be the oldest persons in Berkshire Co. He had also
+a cousin Mrs. Francis at Pittsfield, and a favorite cousin Elder John
+Boardman, at Albany and another cousin, Capt. George Boardman in
+Schenectady. These three cousins were children of his uncle Charles of
+Wethersfield. His grandmother Boardman, the widow of the Maine land
+proprietor, also spent her last days in Dalton, and died there at her
+son Daniel's, about the time when Timothy first went to Vermont.
+
+His youngest brother William, distinctly remembered my grandfather's
+playing with him, and bantering him when a little child, and also the
+September morning when with his father and mother he rode over in a
+chaise to Capt. Ward's to attend Timothy's wedding. He told me that when
+Timothy was there last, he shed some tears, as he cut for himself a
+memorial cane, by the river's bank, where he used to play in boyhood,
+and said he should never see the place again. William, whom he used to
+call "Bill," named a son for him, Timothy.
+
+The spot where he built his first house, and called on the name of the
+Lord, and where his first two or three children were born, is now off
+the road, at a considerable distance, about a-half mile north-east of
+the house, occupied by his grandson, Samuel Boardman, Esq., of West
+Rutland. It is near a brook, in a pasture, cold, wet, bunchy and stony,
+and does not look as if it had ever been plowed. He had better land
+which he cultivated afterward, and which yielded abundantly. But at
+first he must have wrung a subsistence from a reluctant soil. Yet
+the leaf-mould and ashes from burned timber on fields protected by
+surrounding forests would produce good wheat, corn and vegetables. Near
+that spot still stands one very old apple tree and another lies fallen
+and decaying near by. So tenacious are the memorials of man's occupancy,
+even for a short time.
+
+After a few years he removed this small framed house, fifty rods
+westward and dug and walled for it a cellar which still remains, a
+pit filled with stones, water and growing alders. He then made some
+additions to the house as demanded by his growing family. He also built
+near it a barn. His house was still on the cold, bushy land which slopes
+to the north-east, and is now only occupied for pasturage. Here seven
+young children occupied with him his pioneer home.
+
+The tradition used to be, that at first he incurred somewhat the
+derision of his neighbors, better skilled in backwoodsman's lore than
+himself, by hacking all around a tree, in order to get it down. It is
+said that some imagined his land would soon be in the market, and sold
+cheap; that the city bred farmer, better taught in navigation and
+surveying, than in clearing forests and in agriculture, would become
+tired and discouraged and abandon his undertaking. But he remained and
+persevered, and his good Puritan qualities, industry, frugality, good
+management, and persistency for the first ten or fifteen years,
+determined his whole subsequent career and that of his family. He was
+never rich, but he secured a good home, dealt well with his children,
+and became independent for the remainder of his life. Indeed, like most
+New England Puritans, of resolute and conscientious industry, and of
+moderate expenditures, he was always independent after he was of age.
+
+A man of such character, and of so fair an education would, of course,
+soon be valued in any community, and be especially useful in a new
+settlement where skill with the pen and the compass are rarer than in
+older places.
+
+He was appreciated and was soon made town clerk of Rutland, and county
+surveyor for Rutland county. He was also in time made captain of the
+militia, in recognition perhaps, in part, of his Revolutionary services.
+He was also made clerk of the Congregational church, I have some of his
+church records. On Nov. 20th, 1805, he was elected a deacon. He was
+also on the committee to revise the Articles of Faith and Rules of
+Discipline. About 1792, he bought fifty acres of good land lying west of
+his first purchase, and on this ground, one hundred rods west of his
+previous home, and about half a mile south-west of the spot first
+occupied, he erected in 1799, a good two-story house, which is still in
+excellent preservation, where till his death, he lived in a home as
+ample and commodious as the better class of those with which he had been
+familiar in his native state.
+
+In sixteen years after coming to the unbroken forest on what has since
+been called "Boardman hill," he had won a good position in society and
+in the church, and a comfortable property. He was afflicted in the
+death of his oldest daughter and child, Hannah, October 26, 1803. But
+this was the only death that occurred in his family for more than
+fifty-three years. His six remaining children lived to an average age
+of about eighty.
+
+The Congregational church in West Rutland, one of the oldest in Vermont,
+had been formed in 1773, nine years before his arrival. He became a
+member in 1785, and his wife in 1803. Not long after his coming, Rev.
+Mr. Roots, the pastor, died, and the widely known Rev. Samuel Haynes, a
+devout, able and witty man, became their pastor, and so continued for
+thirty years, until his dismission in 1818. Timothy Boardman's children
+were early taken to church, were trained and all came into the church
+under, the ministry of Rev. Mr. Haynes.
+
+He said that he would sooner do without bread than without preaching,
+and he was always a conscientious and liberal supporter of the church.
+He appreciated and co-operated with his pastor. In the great revival of
+1808, five of his children were gathered into the church. One of them,
+perhaps all of them, were previously regarded by their parents as
+religious.
+
+In politics he was a Federalist. In respect to the war with Great
+Britain 1812-1815, his views did not entirely coincide with those of
+some others, including his associate in the diaconate, Dea. Chatterton,
+who was a rigid Democrat. This eminently devout and useful man, was so
+burdened with Dea. Boardman's lukewarmness in promoting the second
+war with Great Britain, against whose armies both had fought in the
+Revolution, that he felt constrained to take up a labor with him, hoping
+to correct his political errors by wholesome church discipline. It must
+have been a scene for a painter.
+
+Perhaps no better man or one more effective for good, ever lived in West
+Rutland than Dea. Chatterton. In both politics and religion he was
+practical and fervid. The church meeting was crowded.
+
+The occasion compelled my grandfather, as Paul was driven, in his
+epistle to the Corinthians, and as Demosthenes was forced in his oration
+for the crown, to enter somewhat upon his own past record. Though a very
+modest and unpretentious man, yet it is said that the author of the
+Log-Book, on this memorable occasion straightened himself up, and boldly
+referred his hearers to the glorious days of the war for Independence,
+which had tried men's souls, and when he had forever sealed the
+genuineness of his own patriotism, by hazarding his life both by sea
+and land for his country.
+
+Weighed in the balances on his own record, so far from being found
+wanting, his patriotism was proved to be of the finest gold; and his
+place like that of Paul, not a whit behind that of the chiefest apostle.
+Though he did not feel it to be his duty to fall in behind the tap of
+the drum, and volunteer to fight, beside the aged democratic veteran who
+served with him at the communion table; yet he showed that the older was
+not a better soldier; that with diversities of politics, there was the
+same loyalty, and that his own patriotism was no less than his
+brother's.
+
+The tremendous strain which the struggle for American Independence put
+upon the generation who encountered it, was touchingly illustrated in
+the lives of these two men, a generation, or two generations after the
+struggle had been successfully closed. Amid the quiet hills of Vermont,
+the minds of both were affected for a time, with at least partial
+derangement. Dea. Boardman labored temporarily under the hallucination,
+that he was somehow liable to arrest, and prepared a chamber for his
+defence. He was obliged, for a time to be watched, though he was never
+confined. A journey to Connecticut, on horseback, with his son Samuel,
+when he was perhaps sixty years old, effected an entire cure. Dea.
+Chatterton in his extreme old age, after a life of remarkable piety,
+became a maniac and was obliged to be confined. He had suffered peculiar
+hardships, perhaps on the prison-ships, in the Revolution; and his
+incoherent expressions, in his insanity, sixty years afterward, and just
+before his death, were full of charges against the "British."
+
+Timothy Boardman's supreme interest in life, however, was in his loyalty
+to Christ, and his intense desires were for the extension and full
+triumph of Christ's kingdom. The revivals which prevailed in the early
+part of the century and the consequent great expansion of aggressive
+Christian work, were in answer to his life-long prayers, as well as
+those of all other Christians; and he entered heartily, from the first,
+into all measures undertaken for the more rapid spread of the gospel. He
+was greatly interested in the formation of the American Board of
+Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and read the _Missionary Herald_,
+with interest from its first publication, until his death. The formation
+of the Bible Society, Tract Society, Seaman's Friend Society, Sunday
+School Society, American Home Missionary Society, etc., engaged his
+interest, and received his support. He made himself an honorary member
+of the A. B. C. F. M. near the close of his life, in accordance with the
+suggestion of his sister Sarah, whom he greatly valued, the wife of Rev.
+Joseph Washburn, and afterward of Dea. Porter, both of Farmington, Ct.,
+by the contribution to Foreign Missions, at one time, of one hundred
+dollars.
+
+In social and domestic life, he was a son of the Puritans and of the
+Connecticut type. He exacted obedience, and somewhat of reverence
+from his children. They did not dare, to the last, to treat him with
+unrestrained familiarity. His wife and children stood, waiting at their
+chairs, until he was first seated at the table. He gave his children a
+good education for the time, sending them to "Master Southard." His
+habitual temper of mind was one of deep reverence toward God. He sat in
+awe during a thunder storm, and a cyclone which passed over his home
+deeply impressed him. His letters abound in affectionate and in
+religious sentiments. He was scrupulous in the observance of the
+Sabbath; required it of his children, and he expected it of the stranger
+within his gates. The family altar probably never failed from the day he
+first entered with his newly married wife, into their pioneer home, amid
+the forests, till his death. He was solemn, earnest and felicitous in
+prayer. The atmosphere of his home was eminently that of a christian
+household. Two of his four sons became officers in their churches, and
+also both his sons-in-law. Four of his grandsons entered the Christian
+ministry, and a granddaughter is the wife of a clergyman. Those who
+regard the Puritans in general, as too severe in industry, in frugality,
+in morals and in religious exercises, would have regarded him as too
+exacting in all these directions. He certainly could not on one hundred
+and fifty acres of land, which he found wild, and not all of it very
+good, have reared a large family, and supported public institutions as
+he did; have given each of his sons at settlement in life, six hundred
+dollars, and left to each at his death, eight hundred, if he had not
+practiced through life, a resolute industry, and a somewhat rigid
+economy.
+
+It is worthy of notice that like his grandfather, Timothy Boardman of
+Wethersfield, he owned, what by a little change of circumstances, might
+have brought, not a competence merely but wealth to his heirs. Early in
+his residence at Rutland, he became possessed, with many others of a
+small lot in what was called the "Cedar Swamp." These lots were valued
+almost exclusively for the enduring material for fences which they
+afforded. Their cedar posts supplied the town. They obtained also on the
+rocky portions of these lands a white sand, which was employed for
+scouring purposes, and also for sprinkling, by way of ornamentation,
+according to the fashion of the times, the faultlessly clean, white
+floors of the "spare rooms." Timothy Boardman's cedar lot, is now one of
+the largest marble quarries in Rutland, a town which is said to furnish
+one-half of all the marble produced in the United States. It brought to
+one of his sons, a handsome addition to farm profits, but was disposed
+of just before its great value was appreciated and lost, as in case of
+the Maine lands.
+
+His grandfather Timothy Boardman, is said to have been "a short, stocky
+man;" his monument, and until recently that of his father Daniel, son of
+the emigrant from England, might both be seen, near together in the old
+cemetery at Wethersfield.
+
+The author of the Log-Book, was a little below the average height, of
+rather full face, with a peach-bloom tinge of red on each cheek in old
+age, and of light complexion, and light hair. His motions were quick,
+and his constitution healthful, though he was never strong. He had
+undoubtedly a mind of fair ability; inclined perhaps to conservative
+views, and acting as spontaneously, it may be in criticism, as in any
+other exercise of its energies. I remember to have received reproof and
+instruction in manners, from him when I was five or six years of age.
+He was careful of his possessions, and articles belonging to him, were
+very generally marked "T. B."
+
+It is a tradition among the older kindred, that the writer, though he
+does not remember it, finding at the age of five or six, on grandpa's
+premises, some loose tufts of scattered wool, and being told that they
+were his, expressed the candid judgment, that it could not be so,
+"because they were not marked T. B."
+
+I am not aware that he was much given to humor, yet he would seem not to
+have been entirely destitute of it from the philosophical account he
+gave of the advantages of his position, when some one ventured to
+condole with him on the steep hill of nearly a mile which lay between
+his house and the church. He said it afforded him two privileges, first
+that of dropping down quickly to meeting, when he had a late start; and
+secondly, that of abundant time for reflection on the sermon while he
+was going home.
+
+His wife, undoubtedly his equal in every respect, to whom much of his
+prosperity, usefulness, and good repute, as well as that of his family
+was due, after a married life of fifty-three years and three months,
+died in Dec., 1836. She had long been feeble. Her children watched
+around her bedside on the last night in silence till one of her sons,
+laying his hand upon her heart, and finding it still, said "we have no
+longer a mother." I remember the hush of the next morning, throughout
+the house, when we young children awoke. It was lonely and cold in
+grandma's room, and only a white sheet covered a silent form.
+
+At eighty-three he was alone, and he deeply felt, as was natural, that
+loneliness. Yet he had affectionate children, and with his youngest son,
+who had four daughters, to him kind and pleasant granddaughters, he made
+his home for the remainder of his life. With the oldest of these he made
+in 1837, as already noticed, his last visit to Connecticut, going as far
+as New Haven and the city of New York. On this journey he went in his
+own carriage. He visited us, once at least in Castleton, at the house
+where the Log-Book was so long concealed. I remember his figure there,
+as that of a "short and stocky man," who seemed to me very old. He died
+while on a visit to Middlebury, where two of his children had been
+settled for more than twenty years, at the house of his youngest
+daughter and youngest child, Betsey, then the widow of Dea. Martin Foot.
+She and her six daughters did everything possible for his comfort. A
+swelling made its appearance upon his shoulder, and the disease advanced
+steadily to a fatal termination. His appointed time had come. From his
+death-bed he sent to his children a final letter of affectionate
+greeting and counsel. The feeble hand, whose lines had been so fair and
+even for nearly three-quarters of a century, wanders unsteadily across
+the pages, expressive of a mind perhaps already wandering with disease.
+And so the fingers that had traced the neat lines of the Log-Book, on
+board the _Oliver Cromwell_, in 1778, "forgot" sixty years afterwards
+"their cunning," and wrote no more. He was buried beside his wife, in
+the cemetery at West Rutland, near the church where he had worshipped
+nearly sixty years.
+
+On the death of his wife, he had ordered two monumental stones to be
+prepared just alike, except the inscriptions; one of which was to be for
+her, and the other for himself. They may be seen from the road, by one
+passing, of bluish stone standing not very far from the fence, and about
+half way from the northern to the southern side of the lot. On these
+stones was inscribed at his direction, where they may now be read, the
+words, contained in Rev. 14: 13, divided between the two stones; on the
+one: "I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, write Blessed are the
+dead, which die in the Lord from henceforth;" and on the other: "Yea
+saith the Spirit that they may rest from their labors and their works do
+follow them:"
+
+His children were:
+
+Hannah, born July 23, 1784; died Oct. 26, 1803.
+
+Timothy, born March 11, 1786; settled in Middlebury, and died there
+April, 1857.
+
+Mary, born Jan. 27, 1788; married Dea. Robert Barney of East Rutland
+1824; died at her son's house, in Wisconsin, 1871.
+
+Dea. Samuel Ward, born Nov. 27, 1789; died in Pittsford, Vt., May 13,
+1870.
+
+Dea. Elijah, born March 9, 1792; died Sept. 24, 1873.
+
+Capt. Charles Goodrich, born Feb. 19, 1794; died Dec. 17, 1875.
+
+Betsey, born, 1796; married Dea. Martin Foot of Middlebury; died April
+26, 1873.
+
+The proclivity of the Puritans for education is illustrated in the fact,
+that only five years after the foundation of Yale College one of this
+family, Daniel a grandson of Samuel, the emigrant from England, became a
+student there and was graduated in 1709, and that wherever different
+branches of the family have since been settled they have generally sent
+sons to the nearest colleges, not only many to Yale, but several to
+Dartmouth, Williams, Middlebury, Union, and others. The eighth and ninth
+generations are now in the process of education, in various institutions
+east and west. The descendants of Timothy Boardman who have entered
+professional life, are:
+
+Hon. Carlos Boardman (grad. Middlebury College 1842), a lawyer and
+judge, in Linnaeus, Mo., oldest son of Capt. Charles. G. Boardman, of
+West Rutland.
+
+Rev. George Nye Boardman, D.D. (Middlebury College 1847). Prof. of
+Systematic Theology, in Chicago Theological Seminary, Chicago, Ill.
+
+Rev. Samuel W. Boardman, D.D. (Midd. Col., 1851). Pastor of the First
+Presbyterian Church, Stanhope, N.J.
+
+Rev. Simeon Gilbert Boardman (Midd. Col., 1855). Pastor of the
+Presbyterian Church, Champlain, N.Y.
+
+Charles Boardman, a member of the class of 1850, in Middlebury College,
+and who died of typhoid fever in the sophomore year, doubtless had in
+view the Christian ministry.
+
+These four were sons of Dea. S. W. Boardman, of Castleton.
+
+Horace Elijah Boardman, M.D. (Midd. Col., 1857), in practice at Monroe,
+Wis., youngest son of Dea. Elijah Boardman, of West Rutland.
+
+Harland S. Boardman M.D., (Midd., 1874), a grandson of Timothy 4th, and
+son of Timothy 5th, of Middlebury, was graduated at the Homeopathic
+Hospital College of Cleveland, Ohio, 1877. He is now practicing at
+Ludlow, Vt.
+
+William Gilbert Boardman, in practice of dentistry in or near Memphis,
+Tenn., a grandson of Dea. Elijah Boardman.
+
+Edgar William Boardman, M.D., son of Dr. Horace E., now practicing at
+Janesville, Wis.; both he and his father were graduated at the "Hahneman
+Medical College and Hospital, of Chicago."
+
+---- [space]Webster, M.D., grandson of Mary, Mrs. Dea. Robert Barney, in
+practice in Schuylerville, N.Y.
+
+Dea. Martin Foote, the husband of Betsey, was a student in Middlebury
+College for two years, it is believed, in the distinguished class of
+1813, but by reason of impaired health, he was unable to complete the
+course.
+
+A few words in regard to the Log-Book may not be inappropriate. It seems
+to be a mere waif that has floated on the current, and among a thousand
+things that have perished, to have been, as it were by accident,
+preserved. A portion of the volume seems to be a kind of a private
+journal kept by my grandfather, for a few weeks in 1778. He does not
+appear to have valued it greatly, as on the blank leaves, he has made
+some entries of his business, as town clerk, and some as county
+surveyor, and afterward, a few notes of account with his son Elijah, who
+took a part of his farm. His last entry in it, as if it were in part a
+waste blank book, was made forty-eight years after he left the _Oliver
+Cromwell_, in 1826.
+
+It must have come into my father's hands with some other papers, on the
+division of his father's effects in 1839. Both seem to have been
+reluctant to destroy anything, though they did not much value it. My
+father, at last, weary of keeping it, would seem to have given it to me
+merely for its blank pages, as scribbling paper. Six leaves, apparently
+blank, were torn out. Several pages are covered with mere vacant
+scrawling by my boyish hand; whether I threw it away in utter contempt,
+or concealed it back of the old chimney, in curious conjecture whether
+some unborn generations, would not at some distant day discover it, and
+puzzle over it, I cannot tell. I have no recollection of it whatever;
+except that I had a general impression that we used to have more of
+grandfather's writings than we possessed in later years. Whether we had
+still others I know not. How little of such writing survives for a
+century! It was lost for forty years, till a quarter of a century after
+we had sold and left the house. It was found in 1884, in a dark recess,
+back of the chimney, in the garret, by Master Fred. Jones, the son of an
+esteemed friend, who in her childhood, about the time of the loss of
+this manuscript, was a member of my father's household. Many years
+afterwards, she became the worthy mistress of the house, and this lad,
+exploring things in general, came across this old Log-Book. If it is of
+any interest or value; to him and to Dr. J. M. Currier, the accomplished
+secretary of the Rutland County Historical Society, and to James
+Brennan, Esq., an old schoolmate who took an interest in the manuscript,
+is due all the credit of its publication.
+
+
+
+
+ JOURNAL
+ AND
+ SAILING DIRECTIONS
+ OF THE
+ OLIVER CROMWELL
+ SECOND CRUISE.
+
+
+
+
+JOURNAL OF THE SECOND CRUISE.
+
+
+April 7th the Defence had Five Men Broke out With the Small Pox.
+
+9th they Lost a Man w^th the Small Pox.
+
+10th Exersis^d Cannon & Musquetry.
+
+11th Saw a Sail the Defence Spoke with her She was a Frenchman from
+Bourdeaux Bound to the West Indies.
+
+13th Cros^d the Tropick Shav^d & Duck About 60 Men.
+
+14th at four Oclock Afternoon Saw a Sail Bearing E S E. We Gave Chase to
+her & Came Up With her at 8 Oclock She was a Large French Ship we Sent
+the Boat on Board of her She Informed us of two English Ships which She
+Left Sight of at the time we Saw her.
+
+15th at Day Break We saw two Sail Bareing SEbS Distance 2 Leagues We
+Gave Chase Under a Moderate Sail at 9 oClock P. M. Came Up with them
+they at First Shew French Colours to Decoy us when we Came in About half
+a Mile of us the Ups with English Colours We had Continental Colours
+Flying We Engaged the Ship Admiral Kepple as Follows When We Came in
+About 20 Rods of her We Gave her a Bow Gun She Soon Returned us a Stern
+Chaise & then a Broad Side of Grape & Round Shot Cap^t Orders Not to
+fire till we Can See the white of their Eyes We Got Close Under their
+Larbard Quarter they Began Another Broad Side & then We Began & hel^d
+Tuff & Tuff for About 2 Glasses & Then she Struck to Us at the Same time
+the Defence Engaged the Cyrus who as the Kepple Struck Wore Round Under
+our Stern We Wore Ship & Gave her a Stern Chase at which She Immediately
+Struck. The Loss on our Side was One Kill^d & Six Wounded one Mortally
+Who Soon Died Our Ship was hull^d 9 Times with Six Pound Shott Three
+of which Went through Our Birth one of which wounded the Boatswains
+yoeman the Loss on their Side was two Kill^d & Six wounded their
+Larbourd quarter was well fill^d with Shott one Nine Pounder went
+through her Main Mast. Imploy^d in the After-noon Takeing out the Men
+& Maning the Prise The Kepple Mounted 20 Guns 18 Six Pounders & two
+Wooden D^o with about 45 Men, the Cyrus Mounted 16 Six Pounders with
+35 Men Letters of Marque Bound from Bristol to Jamaica Laden with Dry
+Goods Paints & C.
+
+18th Cap^t Day Died.
+
+19th Cap^t Brown of The Ship Adm^l Kepple & Cap^t Dike of the
+Cyrus with Three Ladies & 8 Men Sett off in a Long Boat for S^t Kitts
+O^r Cap^tns Parker & Smedleys Permition.
+
+20th Imploy^d in taking things out of the Prise Viz. One Chist of
+Holland a Quantity of Hatts & Shoes Cheeses Porter & Some Crockery Ware
+Small Arms Pistols Hangers two Brass Barrel Blunderbusses a Quantity of
+Riggen & C.
+
+21^st At Three oClock Afternoon we wore Ship to the Southward The
+Prises Made Sail to the Northward we Lost Sight of them at Six.
+
+May 2^nd Sprung Our Foretopmast Struck it & Ship^d Another in its
+Room.
+
+8^th Saw a Sail over Our Starboard bow We Gave Chase to her She was a
+French Guineaman Bound to the Mole With 612 Slaves on Board Our Cap^t
+Put 6 Prisoners on Board of Her Left her Just at Dark.
+
+11^th At 5 o'Clock in the Morning Saw a Sail at the Windward two
+Leagues Distance Bearing Down Upon Us we Lay too for her till She Came
+in half Gun Shott of us the Man at Mast head Cry^d out 4 Sail to the
+Leeward Our Officers Concluded to Make Sail from her Supposing her to be
+a Frigate of 36 Guns after we Made Sail We Left as Fast as we wanted She
+Gave Over Chase at two oClock Afternoon She was the Seaford of 28 Guns.
+
+22^nd Sprung our Maintop sail Yard.
+
+28^th Made the Land at Port Royal.
+
+29^th the Ship Struck Bottom Thrice.
+
+30^th Came over the Bar this Morning & Arriv^d in this Harbour In
+Company with the Ship Defence Com^ed by Sam^ll Smedly. Charlestown,
+S^th. C^na. May y^e 30^th 1778.
+
+
+SAILING DIRECTIONS OF THE SECOND CRUISE.
+
+ +--------+--------+-----------+---------+
+ |April   |    H   |   Course  | Nth Latt|
+ +--------+--------+-----------+---------+
+ |   1    |    1   |   SW      |  31.18  |
+ |        |    4   |   SE      |         |
+ |   2    |   10   |   EbS     |  31.20  |
+ |   3    |        |   ESE     |  30.58  |
+ |   4    |        |   SE      |  30.21  |
+ |   5    |        |   ESE     |  29.44  |
+ |   6    |        |   SEbE    |  29.22  |
+ |   7    |        |   SE      |  29.54  |
+ |   8    |        |   ESE     |  28.7   |
+ |   9    |        |   SSbS    |  26.29  |
+ |  10    |        |   SW      |  25.6   |
+ |  11    |        |   SSW     |  No Obs |
+ |  12    |        |   South   |  22.35  |
+ |  13    |        |   SSW     |  No Obs |
+ |  14    |        |   SSW     |  20.17  |
+ |  15    |    7   |   South   |  19.18  |
+ |        |   12   |   West    |         |
+ |  16    |        |   East    |  19.16  |
+ |  17    |        |   WNW     |  19.14  |
+ |  18    |        |   NNW     |  19.35  |
+ |  19    |        |   NW      |  19.46  |
+ |  20    |        |   NbW     |  No Obs |
+ |  21    |        |   NNW     |  20.20  |
+ |  22    |        |   SbE     |  19.15  |
+ |  23    |        |   SbE     |  18.10  |
+ |  24    |        |   SbE     |  16.30  |
+ |  25    |        |   South   |  14.30  |
+ |  26    |        |   South   |  12.54  |
+ |  27    |        |   NbW     |  13.8   |
+ |  28    |    1   |   SbE   } |         |
+ |        |   11   |   NbW   } |  12.35  |
+ |  29    |    1   |   NbW     |  13.16  |
+ |        |        |   Calm    |         |
+ |  30    |        |   NNW     |  15.00  |
+ | May    |        |           |         |
+ |   1    |        |   NNW   } |         |
+ |   2    |    1   |   NNW   } |  16.53  |
+ |        |    8   |   South   |  16.21  |
+ |   3    |    1   |   NNW   } |         |
+ |        |    8   |   South } |  16.56  |
+ |   4    |        |   North   |  17.21  |
+ |   5    |    7   |   North } |         |
+ |        |    9   |   SbW   } |  17.8   |
+ |   6    |    1   |   SSW   } |         |
+ |        |    9   |   North } |  17.20  |
+ |   7    |    1   |   SbW   } |  17.27  |
+ |        |    6   |   North } |         |
+ |   8    |    1   |   NbE   } |         |
+ |        |    9   |   South } |         |
+ |        |   11   |   NbE   } |  17.39  |
+ |   9    |    1   |   SW    } |         |
+ |        |   12   |   NW    } |  17.30  |
+ |  10    |        |   East    |  18.20  |
+ |  11    |        |   WNW     |  19.32  |
+ |  12    |    1   |   North } |         |
+ |        |    8   |   NW    } |  21.7   |
+ |  13    |    1   |   NW      |         |
+ |        |        |   West    |  21.50  |
+ |  14    |        |   SE      |  No Obs |
+ |  15    |        |   SW      |  No Obs |
+ |  16    |        |   West  } |         |
+ |        |        |   NW    } |  22.25  |
+ |  17    |        |   West  } |         |
+ |        |        |   North } |  22.29  |
+ |  18    |        |   West    |  22.22  |
+ |  19    |        |   West    |  No Obs |
+ |  20    |        |   West  } |         |
+ |        |        |   NW    } |  23.38  |
+ |  21    |        |   NW      |  25.8   |
+ |  22    |        |   NbW     |  27.45  |
+ |  23    |        |   NW      |  No Obs |
+ |  24    |        |   NW      |  30.18  |
+ |  25    |        |   West    |  30.10  |
+ |  26    |        |   West    |  30.31  |
+ |  27    |        |   West    |  No Obs |
+ |  28    |        |   NW      |  32.7   |
+ |  29    |        |   West    |  32.23  |
+ |  30    |        |   West    |  No Obs |
+ +--------+--------+-----------+---------+
+
+
+An Account of the Months, Days And Knots Run, by the Ship Oliver
+Cromwell in her Second Cruise.
+
+ +-------------+------------+--------------+
+ | Months      |    Days    |    Knots     |
+ +-------------+------------+--------------+
+ | March   | 1 |        9   |      1148    |
+ | April   | 1 |       30   |      2084    |
+ | May     | 1 |       30   |      3086    |
+ +-------------+------------+--------------+
+ | Total     3 |       69   |     63.18    |
+ +-------------+------------+--------------+
+
+
+
+
+ CONTRACT
+ BETWEEN
+ TIMOTHY BOARDMAN
+ AND
+ CAPT. PARKER.
+
+ FOR THE THIRD CRUISE.
+
+
+
+
+Charlestown, July 6^th, 1778.
+
+Conversation Between Cap^t Parker & My Self this Day.
+
+
+P^r. What are you Doing a Shore.
+
+My Sf. I wanted to See You Sir.
+
+P^r. Verry well.
+
+My Sf. The Term of my Inlistment is up & I would be glad of a Discharge
+Sir.
+
+P^r. I cannot Give you One, the Ship is in Distress Plumb has been
+trying to Get You away.
+
+My Sf. No Sir, I can have Good Wages here & I think it Better than
+Privatiering I can^t Think of Going for a Single Share I had a hard
+task Last Cruise & they all Left me.
+
+P^r. You have had a hard task of it & I will Consider you. & You Shall
+have as Much again as You Expect. Ranny & those that Leave me without a
+Discharge will Never Get anything you Better go aboard Boardman. I will
+Consider you & you,ll _Lose Nothing by it_.
+
+My Sf. I am Oblig^d to you Sir. & So went on Board.
+
+
+
+
+ JOURNAL
+ AND
+ SAILING DIRECTIONS
+ OF THE
+ OLIVER CROMWELL
+ THIRD CRUISE.
+
+
+
+
+JOURNAL OF THE THIRD CRUISE.
+
+
+July 24 Weigh^d Anchor at 5 Fathom hole & Came Over the Bar In
+Comp^y with the Notredame a 16 Gun Brig & two Sloops. Mett a French
+Ship of 28 Guns on the Bar Bound in.
+
+25^th A Smooth Sea.
+
+29^th Saw A Sail Gave Chace.
+
+30^th Saw A Sail Gave Chace.
+
+31^st Saw two Sail Gave Chace. Light winds.
+
+August 6th at half after Six Afternoon Saw a Sail & Gave Chace, at 11
+Gave her a Bow Gun which Brought her too She was a Big from New Orleans
+in Missippi Bound to Cape Francois a Spainard Went on Board Kept her All
+Night & Lett her Go at 10 ^oClock the Next Day her Cargo was Furr &
+Lumber She had Some Englismen on Board the Occasion of our Detaining her
+So Long.
+
+7^th At 5 OClock Afternoon Made the Land the Island of Abaco.
+
+8^th at 10 ^oClock Harbour Island Bore East Dis^t 2 Leagues.
+
+9^th Hard Gales of wind.
+
+10^th Fresh Gales of wind & Heavy Squals.
+
+11^th Fresh Breeses & a Rough Sea.
+
+12 at Six Afternoon Caught a Great Turtle which was Kook^d the Next
+Day for the Entertainment of the Gentlemen of the Fleet No Less than 13
+Came on Board to Dine.
+
+14 At 2 oClock P M Harbour Island Bore SbW 1 League Dis^t Sent the
+Yoll on Shore The Brig Sent her Boat a Shore too.
+
+15^th The two Boats Returned with a two Mast Boat & 4 Men Belonging to
+New Providence Squally Night & Smart Thunder & Lightning.
+
+16^th Cros^d the Bahama Banks from 8 Fathom of water to 3-3/4 Came
+to Anchor at Night on the Bank.
+
+17^th Arriv^d at the Abimenes Fill^d our Water Cask & Hogg^d
+Ship & Boot Top^t the Ship.
+
+18^th At Day Break Weigh^d Anchor together with the Rice Thumper
+Fleet at Noon Parted with Them & Fired 13 Guns the Other fir,d their
+Guns Which was a 16 Gun Brigg the Notredame Command by Cap^t Hall A 10
+Gun Sloop Com^d by Cap^t Robberts A 12 Gun Sloop Com^d by John
+Crappo or Petweet & Stood to the westward a cross^d the Gulf.
+
+19^th at Day the Cape of Floriday bore west we stood for it a
+Cross^d the Gulf we Came out of the Gulf in five fathom of Water &
+Within 30 Rods of a Rieff in the Space of 15 Minutes in About a League
+of the Shore Which Surpris^d the Capt. & Other Officers we have the
+Ship in Stays & beat off the wind being moderate.
+
+20^th Saw a Sail & Gave her Chace & Came Up She was a Saniard a
+Palacca from Havanna Bound to Spain She Inform^d us of the Jamaica
+Fleet that they Pass^d the Havanna ten Days Back Which made us Give
+over the Hopes of Seeing them.
+
+22 Saw this Spaniard about a League to the Windward.
+
+23 a Sunday, Saw a Ships Mast in Forenoon & Just at Night A Large
+Jamaica Puncheon Floating we hoisted out our Boat^e & went in Persuit
+of it but Could not Get it we Suppos^d it was full of Rum this
+Afternoon a Large Swell brok & Soon after A fine Breese Which
+Increas^d harder in the Morn^g.
+
+24^th Sun about two hours high we Saw white water in About a Mile
+Under our Lee Bow we Saw the Breakers which was on the Bahama Banks
+which Surpris^d our Officers & Men Greatly we Put our Ship About & had
+the Good Fortune to Clear them the wind Blew harder we Struck Top
+Gallant Yards & Lanch^d Top Gallant Masts Lay too Under one Leach of
+the Four Sail Got 6 Nine Pounders Down in the Lower hold & Cleard the
+Decks of unecessary Lumber The Wind Continued verry hard The air was
+Verry Thick Just before Night the Sea Came in Over our Larboard Nettens
+on the Gangway. All the officers Advis^d to Cut away the Main Mast
+which we Did, Just at Dusk, All the hope we had was that it would not
+Blow harder, but it Continued harder till After Midnight About one
+oClock it Seemd to Blow in whirlwinds which oblig^d us to Cut away our
+Four Mast & Missen Mast. Soon after the Wind Chang^d to the Eastward
+which Greatly Encourag^d us Being Much Affraid of the Bahama Banks the
+fore Mast fell to the windward & Knock^d our Anchor off the Bow So
+that we Cut it away for fear it would Make a hole in the Bow of the Ship
+our Fore Mast Lay along Side for two hours After it fell, it Being
+Impossible to Get Clear of it We Bent our Cables for fear of the Banks
+that we Might try to Ride it out if we Got on.
+
+25 Moderated Some But Verry Rough So that we Could Do no work.
+
+26 Got a Jury Mast Up on the Main Mast.
+
+27 Got up Jury Masts on the Fore & Mison Masts.
+
+30 at 8 oClock in the Morning Saw a Brigg over our weather Bow 2 Leagues
+Dis^t We Kept our Course She Stood the Same way Just at Night we gave
+her two Guns but She kept on at Night we Lost Sight of her.
+
+31^st at 5 in the Morning Saw the Brigg a Head Gave her Chace Came up
+with her about Noon we hoisted our Colours She hoisted English Colours,
+we Gave her one gun which made them come Tumbling Down.
+
+Sep^tr 1^st We Saw a Sail a Head Giving us Chace She hoisted Englis
+Colours & we & the Brigg hoisted English Colours She Came Down towards
+us we Put the Ship about & She Came Close too us we up Parts & Our
+Colours She put about & we Gave her about 12 Guns Bow Chaces & She Got
+Clear She was a Small Sloop of 6 or 8 Guns.
+
+Sep^t 2^nd Got Soundings of Cape May 45 Fath^m.
+
+Sep^t 3^rd at Night Lost Sight of The Prise.
+
+Sep^t 4^th Saw a Sail A Privatier Schoner She kept Round us all Day
+& hoisted English Colours we hoisted English Colours but She thought
+Best Not to Speak with.
+
+Sep^t 5^th Made the Land at 9 oClock in the Morning the South Side
+of Long Island against South Hampton & Came to Anchor Under Fishes
+Island at 12 oClock at Night Saw five Sail at 2 Afternoon Standing to
+the Westward two of them Ships.
+
+Sep^t 6^th 1778 New London. Arriv^d in this Harbour.
+
+
+SAILING DIRECTIONS OF THE THIRD CRUISE.
+
+ +--------+-------+----------+----------+
+ | Days   |   H   | Course   |  Obser'n |
+ +--------+-------+----------+----------+
+ |July    |       |          |  No Latt |
+ |  25    |       |  SW      |   32.19  |
+ |  26    |       |  SSW     |          |
+ |  27    |       |  EbS     |   32.07  |
+ |  28    |       |  WSW     |   31.33  |
+ |  29    |       |  SE      |   31.29  |
+ |  30    |       |  SSE     |   30.20  |
+ |  31    |       |  SEbS    |   30.30  |
+ |======================================|
+ |              August                  |
+ |======================================|
+ |   1    |       |  SE      |   30.15  |
+ |   2    |       |  Calm    |   30.05  |
+ |   3    |       |  SE      |   29.44  |
+ |   4    |       |  SSW     |   28.38  |
+ |   5    |       |  SSW     |   27.02  |
+ |   6    |       |  South   |   26.20  |
+ |   7    |       |  SW      |  No Obsn |
+ |   8    |       |  NNE     |  No Obsn |
+ |   9    |       |  East    |   26.15  |
+ |  10    |  {1   |  East}   |   26.32  |
+ |        |  {9   |  West}   |          |
+ |  11    |       |  SE      |   26.24  |
+ |  12    |       |  WNW     |  No Obsn |
+ |  13    |       |  WNW     |  No Obsn |
+ |  14    | Stood | Off & on |   25.38  |
+ |  15    |       |  WSW     |   25.50  |
+ |  16    |       |  West    |  No Obsn |
+ |  17    |       |  West    |  No Obsn |
+ |  18    |       |  Abimenes|          |
+ |  19    |       |  West    |   25.30  |
+ |  20    |       |  East    |  No Obsn |
+ |  21    |       |          |  No Obsn |
+ |  22    |       |  NW      |    26.04 |
+ |  23    |       |  NE      |    27.40 |
+ |  24    |       |  West    | {  28.14 |
+ |        |       |          | { L78.54 |
+ |  25    |       |  West    | {No Obsn |
+ |        |       |          | { L78.39 |
+ |  26    |       |  NE      | {  30.02 |
+ |        |       |          | { L77.42 |
+ |  27    |       |  NE      |   {30.36 |
+ |        |       |          |  {L77.11 |
+ |  28    |       |  NE      |   {32.02 |
+ |        |       |          |  {L75.39 |
+ |  29    |       |  NE      |    34.08 |
+ |        |       |          |   L74.51 |
+ |  30    |       |  {NE     |    36.02 |
+ |        |       |  {NbE    |   L73.01 |
+ |        |       |  {North  |          |
+ |  31    |       |  {NbW    |    38.10 |
+ |        |       |  {East   |   L72.53 |
+ |======================================|
+ |             September                |
+ |======================================|
+ |   1    |       | {North   |    38.38 |
+ |        |       | {SE      |   L72.52 |
+ |   2    |       | {SE      |    38.46 |
+ |        |       | {NbE     |   L72.18 |
+ |   3    |       | {NW      |    38.35 |
+ |        |       | {EbS     |   L72.01 |
+ |   4    |       | {NWbW    |    38.25 |
+ |        |       | {EbS     |   L72.18 |
+ |   5    |       |          |    39.25 |
+ |        |       |          |   L72.06 |
+ +--------+-------+----------+----------+
+
+
+An Account of the Months, Days, & Knots the Ship Olv^r Cromwell Run
+the Third Cruise.
+
+ +---------------+---------+------------+
+ | Months        |   Days  |   Knots    |
+ +---------------+---------+------------+
+ | July      | 1 |     7   |     211    |
+ | August    | 1 |    31   |     860    |
+ | September | 1 |     6   |     151    |
+ +---------------+---------+------------+
+ | Total       3 |    44   |    1222    |
+ +---------------+---------+------------+
+
+
+
+
+GUNNER'S REMARKS.
+
+
+
+
+REMARKS OF OUR GUNNER ON CHARLESTOWN, IN S. C.
+
+
+Charlestown is Pleasantly Situated on Ashley River on verry low Land it
+was Extreamly well Built but the Fire which happen^d in January last
+has Spoiled the Beauty of the Place, it may if times alter be as
+pleasant & Beautifull with Regard to y^e Buildings as ever. But I
+Cannot Behold such a Number of my fellow beings (altho Differing in
+Complexion) Dragged from the Place of their Nativity, brought into a
+Country not to be taught the Principles of Religion & the Rights of
+Freeman, but to Be Slaves to Masters, who having Nothing but Interest in
+View without ever Weting their own Shoes, Drive these fellows to the
+Most Severe Services, I say I cannot behold these things without Pain.
+And Expressing my Sorrow that are Enlighten^d People, a People
+Professing Christianity Should treat any of God's creatures in Such a
+Manner as I have Seen them treated Since my arrival at this Place. & I
+thank God who Gave me a Disposition to Prefer Freedom to Slavery.
+
+I have Just mentioned a People Professing Christianity. I believe there
+is a few who now & then go to Church but by all the Observation I have
+been able to make I find that Horse Racing, Frolicking Rioting Gaming
+of all Kinds Open Markets, and Traffick, to be the Chief Business of
+their Sabbaths. I am far from Supposing there is not a few Righteous
+there But was it to have the chance which Soddom had, that if there was
+five Righteous men it Should Save the City. I believe there would be
+only a Lot & Family, & his wife I should be afraid would Look Back.
+
+Another remark that I shall make is this, Marriage in Most Countrys is
+Deemed Sacred, and here there are many honourable and I believe happy
+Matches, But to see among the Commonalty a Man take a Woman without so
+much Ceremony as Jumping over a Broom Stick at the time of their
+Agreement, to see her Content herself to be his Slave to work hard to
+maintain him & his Babs & then to Content herself with a flogging if she
+only says a word out of Doors at the End of it, and then take his other
+Doxy who Perhaps has Served him well--and so one Lover to another,
+Succeeds another and another after that the last fool is as welcome as
+the former, till having liv,d hour out he Gives Place & Mingles with the
+herd who went Before him. These things may to some People who are
+unacquainted with such Transactions appear Strange and Odd, but how
+shall I express myself--what Feelings have I had within myself to behold
+one of these Slaves or Rather whole Tribes of them belonging to one
+Master who Perhaps has the happiness of an Ofspring of beautifull
+Virgins whose Eyes must be continually assaulted with a Spectacle which
+Modesty forbids me to Mention. I have Seen at a Tea table a Number of
+the fair Sex, which a Man of Sentiments would have almost Ador,d and a
+man of Modesty would not have been so Indecent as to have Unbutton^d
+his knee to adjust his Garter--Yet have I Seen a Servant of both Sexes
+Enter in Such Dishabitable as to be oblig^d to Display those Parts
+which ought to be Concealed. To see Men Approach the Room where those
+Angelick Creatures meet & View those Beautifull Countenances & Sparkling
+Eyes, which would almost tell You that they abhor,d the Cruel imposition
+of their Parents, who Perhaps Loaded with a Plentifull fortune, would
+not afford a decent Dress to their Servants to hide their Shame from
+such Sight I have turn^d my Eyes. I would not mean to be two Severe
+nor have it thought but there are great numbers who have a Sence of the
+Necessity of a Due decorum keep their Servants in a Verry Genteel manner
+and do honor to their keepers but those who have Viewed such scenes as
+well as myself will testify to this Truth & Say with me that Droll
+appearances would Present themselves to view that in Spite of all that I
+could Do would Oblige me to give a total grin, the Particular above
+mentioned altho they appear a Little forecast are absolutely matters of
+fact & not Indeed to Convey any I^ll Idea to y^e mind.
+
+In a Commertial way by what little opportunity I have had to make any
+Remarks on them. I find that in Casting up their accounts that there are
+a Number which Deservs to be Put on y^e C^r Side. But money getting
+being Mankinds Universal harvest I find as many Reapers as one would
+wish to see in Such an Open Field for every one to have a fare Sweep
+with the Sickle which as frequently cuts your purse Strings as anything
+Else, their Rakes are Most Excellent nothing is lost for want of
+geathering & you may depend on it their Bins are so Close that But a
+trifle of what they Put in ever Comes out of the Cracks. Sometimes you
+will see a small Trifle peep its Nose out on a Billiard Table, now &
+then the four knaves will tempt a Small Parcell to walk on the Table, &
+I believe Black Gammon, Shuffle Board, horse Racing, & that Noble Game
+of Roleing two Bullets on the Sandy Ground Where if there Should be
+y^e Least Breath air it would Blind you all those would help a little
+of it to Move & if I added Whoreing and Drinking they would Not Deny the
+Charge. If the things Mentioned above are to be Deemed Vices. I think no
+Person that Comes to Carolina will find any Scarcity, Provided they have
+such articles as Suits such a Market. I cannot from my hart Approve of
+their Method of Living--not but that their Provision is Wholesome but In
+Genral they Dont Coock it well. Rice bares the Sway, in Room of Bread,
+with any kind of victuals and Ever in Families of Fashion you will see a
+Rice Pudding (If it Deserves the Name) to be Eat as we do our Bread, I
+am affraid of Being too cencorious or I would Remark Numberless things
+which to a Person unacquainted with Place would even Look Childish to
+mention but as I only make this Obs^n for my own amusement never
+Intending they Shall be ever seen but by Particular friends. I shall
+omit any niceities of Expressions and Shall write a few more Simple
+facts I have seen Gamblers, Men Pretended Friends to you that would hug
+you in their Bosoms till they were Certain they had Gotten what they
+could from you, & then for a Shilling would Cut Your Throat. I would not
+Mean by this to Convey the Idea of their being a Savage people in
+General. There are Gentlemen of Charracter & who Ritchly Deserve
+the Name--but as there are Near Seven Blacks to one White Man, the
+Austerities used to the Slaves in their Possessions, is the Reason as I
+immagion of their looking on & Behaving to a White Man who Differs from
+them in their Manners and not bred in their Country in a Way Not much
+Different from which they treats their Blacks. I Have been told that the
+Place is Much alterd from what it was Before the Present Dispute & that
+a Number of the Best Part of People are Moved out of Charlestown for the
+honour of Charlestown. I will believe it and wish it may be Restor^d
+to its Primitive Lusture. However let me not look all on the Dark Side
+there are Many things well worth Praise, there Publick Buildings are
+well finish^d & Calculated for the Convenience of Publick & Private
+Affairs, their Churches make a verry fine Appearance and are finish^d
+Agreeable to the Rules of Architecture. I do not Mean that they are the
+Most elegant I ever Saw, but so well Perform^d as would Declare those
+who Reared them Good Artissts, the Streets are well Laid out & a verry
+good Brick Walk on Each Side for foot Passengers, their Streets are not
+Pav^d but Verry Sandy, and the heat of the Climate is Such that the
+Sand is Generally verry Disagreeable & Occasions a number of Insects
+Commonly Call^d Sand flies, the Lowness of the Land and the Dead water
+in Different Places in the Town & out of it Occasions another Breed of
+Insects well Known by the Name of Musketoes. These Creatures are well
+disciplined for they do Not Scout in private Places nor in Small
+Companies as tho Affraid to attack but Joining in as many Different
+Colloums as there are Openings to Your Dwellings they make a Desperate
+push and Seldom fail to Annoy their Enemy in Such a Manner that they
+leave their Adversary in a Scratching humor the Next Morning thro^o
+Vexation. It would be endless to mention the advantages & Disadvantages
+of the Place but this I am fully Assur^d of. If the White People would
+be so Industrous as to till the Land themselves and see every thing Done
+so as to have less of those Miserable Slaves in the Country the Place to
+me would have a verry Different Appearance. I have heard it Alleg^d as
+a Pretext for keeping so many Slaves that white People cannot Endure the
+heat of the Climate & that there can be but verry little done without
+these Slaves, that there could be but a verry little done is to me a
+Matter of Doubt, but that there would be but Verry little If the People
+Retain their Luxury & Love of all kinds of Sport is to me Beyond all
+doubt. I have Seen more Persons than a few worry themselves at Gaming In
+an Excessive hot Day in Such a Manner that a Moderate Days work would be
+a Pleasure to it. These things have convinc^d me of the Foolish wicked
+and Absurd Notions which People seem to have Adopted in General that
+Because these Issacars are like Issacars of Old. Strong Asser Couching
+Down between two Burthens and have not Got the means of Preserving their
+Liberty were they Ever So Desirous of it and are kept in Such a
+miserable manner as never to know the Blessings of it. I say these
+things have Convinc^d me of the Notorious Violation of the Rights of
+Mankind and which I think no Rational Man will Ever try to Justify.
+America my Earnest Prayer is that thou mayst preserve thy Own Freedom
+from any Insolvent Invaders who may attempt to Rob the of the Same--but
+be Sure to let Slavery of all kinds ever be Banish^d from thy
+habbittations.
+
+Fins Camsiocelo.
+
+
+
+
+SONGS.
+
+
+
+
+A SEAMAN'S SONG.
+
+
+1
+
+    Come all you Joval Seaman, with Courage Stout & bold
+    that Value more your Honour, than Mysers do their Gold
+    When we Receive Our Orders, we are Oblig^d to go
+    O'er the Main to Proud Spain, Let the Winds Blow high or Low.
+
+
+2
+
+    It was the fifteenth of September, from Spithead we Sat Sail
+    we had Rumbla in our Company, Blest with a Pleasant Gale
+    we Sailed away together, for the Bay of Biscay, o
+    Going along Storms Come on, and the winds Began to Blow.
+
+
+3
+
+    The winds and Storms increas^d the Bumbla Bore away
+    and left the Cantaborough, for No Longer Could She Stay
+    & when they Came to Gibralter, they told the People So
+    that they thought we were Lost, in the Bay of Biscay, O.
+
+
+4
+
+    But as Providence would have it, it was not quite so Bad
+    But first we lost our Missen Mast, and then went off our Flag
+    the Next we Lost our Main Mast, one of our Guns also
+    With five Men, Drowned then, in the Bay of Biscay, O.
+
+
+5
+
+    The Next we Lost our foremast, which was a Dreadfull Stroke
+    and in our Larboar Quarter, a Great hole there was Broke
+    and then the Seas come Roleing in, our Gun Room it Did flow
+    Thus we Rold and we told, in the Bay of Biscay, O.
+
+
+6
+
+    It was Dark and Stormy Weather, Sad and Gloomy Night
+    Our Captain on the Quarter Deck, that Day was kill^d Outrite
+    the Rings that on his fingers were, in Pieces burst Also
+    Thus we were in Dispare, in the Bay of Biscay, O.
+
+
+7
+
+    But when we Came to Gibralter, and lay in our New Hold
+    the People they Came flocking Down, our Ship for to Behold
+    they Said it was the Dismalest Sight, that Ever they Did know
+    We never Pind, But Drunk Wine, till we Drowned all our Woe.
+
+
+
+
+A COUNTRY SONG.
+
+
+1
+
+    On the Sweet Month of May we'll Repair to the Mountain
+    And Set we Down there by a Clear Crystial fountain
+    Where the Cows sweetly Lowing In a Dewy Morning
+    Where Phebus oer the Hills and Meddow are Adorning.
+
+
+2
+
+    A Sweet Country Life is Delightfull and Charming
+    Walking abroad in a Clear Summer's Morning
+    O your Towns and Your Cities Your Lofty high Towers
+    Are not to be Compar,d with Shades & Green Bowers.
+
+
+3
+
+    O Little I regard your Robes and fine Dresses
+    Your Velvets & Scarlets and Other Excesses
+    My own Country Fashions to me is More Endearing
+    Than your Pretty Prisemantle or your Bantle Cloth Wearing.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's Log-book of Timothy Boardman, by Samuel W Boardman
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+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+    <title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Log-book of Timothy Boardman, by The Rev. Samuel W. Boardman, D.D..
+    </title>
+    <style type="text/css">
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+
+<pre>
+
+Project Gutenberg's Log-book of Timothy Boardman, by Samuel W Boardman
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Log-book of Timothy Boardman
+       Kept On Board The Privateer Oliver Cromwell, During A
+              Cruise From New London, Ct., to Charleston, S. C., And
+              Return, In 1778; Also, A Biographical Sketch of The Author.
+
+Author: Samuel W Boardman
+
+Release Date: July 12, 2008 [EBook #26040]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LOG-BOOK OF TIMOTHY BOARDMAN ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Robert Cicconetti, Anne Storer and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+book was produced from scanned images of public domain
+material from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<p class="notes">Transcriber&#8217;s Note:<br />
+Inconsistent spellings and hyphenations<br />
+have been left as printed.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 95%;" />
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p>
+<h1>LOG-BOOK</h1>
+
+<h3>OF</h3>
+
+<h1>TIMOTHY BOARDMAN;</h1>
+
+<p class="center">
+<span class="smcap"><strong>Kept on Board the Privateer Oliver Cromwell, during a<br />
+Cruise from New London, Ct., to Charleston,<br />
+S. C., and Return,<br />
+in 1778;</strong></span></p>
+
+<h3>ALSO,</h3>
+
+<h1>A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH</h1>
+
+<h2>OF THE AUTHOR.</h2>
+
+<h2>BY THE REV. SAMUEL W. BOARDMAN, D.D.</h2>
+
+<hr style="width: 15%;" />
+
+<h5>ISSUED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE RUTLAND<br />
+COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY.</h5>
+
+<hr style="width: 15%;" />
+
+<p class="center"><strong>ALBANY, N. Y.:<br />
+JOEL MUNSELL&#8217;S SONS.</strong><br />
+1885.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img1.png" width="500" height="110" alt="Page header" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h2>PREFACE.</h2>
+
+
+<p>Under the auspices of the Rutland County Historical Society, is
+published the Log-Book of Timothy Boardman, one of the pioneer settlers
+of the town of Rutland, Vermont. This journal was kept on board the
+privateer, Oliver Cromwell, during two cruises; the second one from New
+London, Conn., to Charleston, S. C.; the third from Charleston to New
+London, in the year 1778. It seems that the Log-Book of the first cruise
+was either lost, never kept, or Mr. Boardman was not one of the crew to
+keep it. It was kept as a private diary without any view to its ever
+being published.</p>
+
+<p>When this manuscript, on coarse, unruled paper, was brought to light, it
+came to the knowledge of the officers of the county historical society,
+who, at once, decided that it was a document of considerable value and
+should be published. Correspondence was accordingly
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span> opened with the
+Rev. Samuel W. Boardman, D.D., of Stanhope, New Jersey, a grandson of
+Timothy, to whom this document properly belonged, asking his permission
+to allow the society to publish it. The Reverend Doctor immediately gave
+his consent; and in his own words: &ldquo;Supposed it was largely dry details.
+Still these may throw side lights of value, on the history of the
+times.&rdquo; At the same time he also consented to furnish a biographical
+sketch of his grandfather to be published with the Log-Book. Accordingly
+the sketch was prepared, but it proves to be not only a sketch, but a
+valuable genealogy of that branch of the Boardman family. This sketch
+was collected from many sources, mostly from manuscripts.</p>
+
+<p>The Boardmans in Rutland county are all known as a strictly industrious,
+upright, religious, scholarly race; and they are so interwoven with the
+early history, business and educational interests of the county, that
+this document must meet with general favor and interest.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 35em;">
+<span class="smcap">John M. Currier,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: -1.5em;"><em>Sec. of the Rutland County</em></span><br />
+<em>Historical Society.</em></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
+<h2>BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH</h2>
+
+<h4>OF</h4>
+
+<h1>DEA. TIMOTHY BOARDMAN.</h1>
+
+<h4>BY</h4>
+
+<h3><span class="smcap">Rev. Samuel W. Boardman,</span> D.D.</h3>
+
+<h3>Stanhope, New Jersey.</h3>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img2.png" width="500" height="85" alt="Page header" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h2>BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.</h2>
+
+
+<p>There is still preserved a letter from England, written in a fine hand,
+with red ink, dated Obeydon? Feb. 5, 1641, and directed,</p>
+
+<p class="center">
+    &ldquo;to her very loveing sonne<br />
+          <span class="smcap">Samuel Boreman,</span><br />
+      Ipswich in New England<br />
+          give this with<br />
+              haste.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The letter is as follows:</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Good sonne, I have receaved your letter: whereby I understand that you
+are in good health, for which I give God thanks, as we are all&mdash;Praised
+be God for the same. Whereas you desire to see your brother Christopher
+with you, he is not ready for so great a journey, nor do I think he dare
+take upon him so dangerous a voyage. Your five sisters are all alive and
+in good health and remember their love to you. Your father hath been
+dead almost this two years, and thus troubleing you no further at this
+time, I rest, praying to God to bless you and your wife, unto whome we
+all kindly remember our loves.<br />
+
+<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Your ever loving mother,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 30em;" class="smcap">&ldquo;Julian Borman.&rdquo;</span></p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span>
+This letter exhibits many of the characteristics of the Puritans to whom
+the Bormans belonged. They were intensely religious; this short letter
+contains the name of God three times and speaks of both prayer and
+praise. The Puritans were an intelligent people, reading and writing;
+this letter is a specimen of the correspondence carried on between the
+earliest settlers and their kindred whom they had left in England. They
+were an affectionate people, &ldquo;remembering their loves&rdquo; to one another;
+and praying, for one another, as this mother did for her son and his
+wife. This short letter has the word &ldquo;love&rdquo; four times.</p>
+
+<p>They were a persistent people, those who came hither did not shrink from
+the hardships around them. They came to stay, and sent back for their
+friends. Samuel desired Christopher to follow him. Many of their
+families were large, there were at least nine members of this Puritan
+household. Samuel was born probably about 1610; he had emigrated from
+England in 1635 or 1636. His name is found at Ipswich, Mass., about 1637
+where land was assigned to him. Ipswich had been organized in 1635 with
+some of the most intelligent and wealthy colonists. His father died
+after Samuel&#8217;s emigration to America, in 1639. His wife&#8217;s name was Mary;
+their oldest child, so far as we have record, was Isaac, born at
+Wethersfield, Ct., Feb. 3, 1642. He probably journeyed through the
+wilderness from Ipswich, Mass., which is twenty-six miles north of
+Boston, to Wethersfield, Ct., about one hundred and fifty miles, in 1639
+or 1640.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span>
+Between 1630 and 1640 many of the best families in England sent
+representatives to America. It is said that Oliver Cromwell was at one
+time on the point of coming. Between February and August, 1630,
+seventeen ships loaded with families, bringing their cattle, furniture
+and other worldly goods, arrived. One ship of four hundred tons brought
+one hundred and forty passengers, others perhaps a larger number. Among
+them were Matthew and Priscilla Grant, from whom Gen. Grant was of the
+eighth generation in descent. Bancroft says, &ldquo;Many of them had been
+accustomed to ease and affluence; an unusual proportion were graduates
+of Cambridge and Oxford. The same rising tide of strong English sense
+and piety, which soon overthrew tyranny forever in the British Isles,
+under Cromwell, was forcing the best blood in England to these shores.&rdquo;
+The shores of New England says George P. Marsh, were then sown with the
+finest of wheat; Plymouth Rock had but just received the pilgrims; the
+oldest cottages and log-cabins on the coast were yet new, when Samuel
+Boreman first saw them. The Puritans were a people full of religion,
+ministers came with their people; they improved the time on the voyage,
+Roger Clap&#8217;s diary, kept on shipboard 1630, says, &ldquo;So we came by the
+good hand of our God through the deep <em>comfortably</em>, having preaching
+and expounding of the word of God <em>every day for ten weeks</em> together by
+our ministers.&rdquo; Mr. Blaine says that the same spirit which kept
+Cromwell&#8217;s soldiers at home to fight for liberty after 1640, impelled
+men to America before that time, so that there was probably never an
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span>
+emigration, in the history of the world, so influential as that to New
+England from 1620 to 1643.</p>
+
+<p>It is possible that Christopher Boreman fought and perhaps fell in the
+army of the commonwealth. But why did so many of the early settlers,
+quickly leave the Atlantic coast for the Connecticut valley? Their first
+historians say there was even then &ldquo;a hankering for new land.&rdquo; They
+wished also to secure it from occupation by the Dutch who were entering
+it. Reports of its marvelous fertility, says Bancroft, had the same
+effect on their imagination, as those concerning the Genesee and Miami
+have since exerted, inducing the &ldquo;western fever,&rdquo; &ldquo;Young man go West.&rdquo;
+The richness of the soil of the Wethersfield meadows has been celebrated
+as widely as the aroma of its onions. It is only three miles from
+Hartford and was for two centuries one of the most prominent communities
+in Connecticut. There was scarcely a more cultured society anywhere. &ldquo;It
+were a sin,&rdquo; said the early colonists &ldquo;to leave so fertile a land
+unimproved.&rdquo; The Pequod war had annihilated a powerful and hostile tribe
+on the Thames in 1637. Six hundred Indians perished, only two whites
+were killed. Connecticut was long after that comparatively safe from
+Indians. In 1639, the people formed themselves into a body politic by a
+voluntary association. The elective franchise belonged to all the
+members of the towns who had taken the oath of allegiance to the
+commonwealth. It was the most perfect democracy which had ever been
+organized. It rested on free labor. &ldquo;No jurisdiction of the English
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span>
+monarch was recognized; the laws of honest justice were the basis of
+their commonwealth. They were near to nature. These humble emigrants
+invented an admirable system. After two centuries and a half, the people
+of Connecticut desire no essential change from the government
+established by their Puritan fathers.&rdquo; (Bancroft).</p>
+
+<p>The first emigration of Puritans to the Connecticut river is supposed to
+have been to &ldquo;Pyquag,&rdquo; now Wethersfield, in 1634. The next year 1635,
+witnessed the first to Windsor and Hartford; while in the following year
+1636, Rev. Thomas Hooker and his famous colony made the forest resound
+with psalms of praise, as in June, they made their pilgrimage from the
+seaside &ldquo;to the delightful banks&rdquo; of the Connecticut. Hooker was
+esteemed, &ldquo;The light of the western churches,&rdquo; and a lay associate, John
+Haynes, had been governor of Massachusetts. The church at Wethersfield
+was organized while Mrs. Boreman&#8217;s letter given above, was on its way,
+Feb. 28, 1641; Samuel and Mary Boreman were undoubtedly among its
+earliest members. His first pastor there was Rev. Richard Denton, whom
+Cotton Mather describes, as &ldquo;a little man with a great soul, an
+accomplished mind in a lesser body, an Iliad in a nutshell; blind of an
+eye, but a great seer; seeing much of what eye hath not seen.&rdquo; In the
+deep forests, amid the cabins of settlers, and the wigwams of savages,
+he composed a system of Divinity entitled &ldquo;Soliloquia Sacra.&rdquo; Rev. John
+Sherman, born in Dedham, England, Dec. 26, 1613, educated at Cambridge,
+who<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span>
+came to America in 1634, also preached here for a short time. He
+was afterwards settled at Watertown Mass., had twenty-two children and
+died in 1685. The colony at New Haven, which was soon united with them,
+was founded in 1638, under Rev. John Davenport and Gov. Theophilus
+Eaton. They first met under an oak and afterward in a barn. After a day
+of fasting and prayer they established their first civil government on a
+simple plantation covenant &ldquo;to obey the Scriptures.&rdquo; Only church members
+had the franchise; the minister gave a public charge to the governor to
+judge righteously, with the text: &ldquo;The cause that is too hard for you
+bring it unto me, and I will hear it,&rdquo; &ldquo;Thus,&rdquo; says Bancroft, &ldquo;New Haven
+made the Bible its statute book, and the elect its freemen.&rdquo; The very
+atmosphere of New Haven is still full of the Divine favor distilled from
+the honor thus put upon God&#8217;s word in the foundation of its
+institutions. There were five capital qualities which greatly
+distinguished the early New England Puritans. I. Good intellectual
+endowments; they were of the party of Milton and Cromwell. II. Intense
+religiousness; the names Pilgrim and Puritan, are synonymous with
+zealous piety. III. Education; many were graduates of colleges; they
+founded Harvard in 1636. IV. Business thrift; godliness has the promise
+of the world that now is, as well as of that which is to come. V. Public
+spirit; they immediately built churches, schools, court houses, and
+state houses.</p>
+
+<p>The newly married son to whom Julian Borman, the Puritan widow, with
+seven children, wrote from
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span>
+England in 1641, obviously partook of these
+common characteristics. He was soon recognized as a young man to be
+relied upon. &ldquo;Few of the first settlers of Connecticut,&rdquo; says Hinman,
+author of the genealogy of the Puritans, &ldquo;came here with a better
+reputation, or sustained it more uniformly through life.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>In 1646-7-8. He was a juror.</p>
+
+<p>1649. Appointed by the Gen. Court, sealer of weights and measures.</p>
+
+<p>1657-8-9-60-61-62-63, and many years afterward, representative of
+Wethersfield in the Legislature of Connecticut, styled &ldquo;Deputy to the
+General Court.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Hinman says, few men, if any, in the colony, represented their own town
+for so many sessions.</p>
+
+<p>1660. On the grand jury of the colony.</p>
+
+<p>1670. Nominated assistant.</p>
+
+<p>1662. Distributor of William&#8217;s estate.</p>
+
+<p>1662. Appointed by Gen. Court on committee to pay certain taxes.</p>
+
+<p>1665. Chairman of a committee appointed by the Legislature, to settle
+with the Indians the difficulty about the bounds of land near
+Middletown, &ldquo;in an equitable way.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>1660. On a similar committee to purchase of the Indians Thirty Mile
+Island.</p>
+
+<p>1665. Chairman of a committee of the Legislature to report on land,
+petitioned for by G. Higby.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span>
+1663. Appointed chairman of committee to lay out the bounds of
+Middletown.</p>
+
+<p>He died just two hundred and twelve years ago in April, 1673. His estate
+was appraised by the selectmen of Wethersfield, May 2, 1673 at &pound;742,
+15<em>s</em>, about $4,000. His son Isaac then 31 years old is not named in the
+settlement of the estate, and had perhaps received his patrimony. He had
+ten children, seven sons and three daughters, of whom the youngest was
+six years old; he had three grandchildren, the children of his oldest
+son, Isaac. All his children received scriptural names, as was common in
+Puritan families. His descendants are now doubtless several thousands in
+number. Only a very small part, after two hundred and fifty years, of a
+man&#8217;s descendants bear his name. His daughters and their descendants,
+his sons&#8217; daughters and their descendants, one-half, three-quarters,
+seven-eights, diverge from the ancestral name, etc., till but a
+thousandth part, after a few centuries retain the ancestral name, and
+those who retain it owe to a hundred others as much of their lineage as
+to him. Such is God&#8217;s plan; the race are endlessly interwoven together;
+no man liveth unto himself. But a few comparatively, of the descendants
+of Samuel Borman can now be traced. His own name, however, has been
+carried by them into the United States Senate; into the lower house of
+Congress; into many State Legislatures; to the bar and to the bench;
+into many pulpits, and into several chairs of collegiate and
+professional instruction. Yet these can represent but a few of his
+descendants who have
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span>
+been equally useful. Probably a larger number of
+them are still to be found in Connecticut than in any other state. Among
+them is the family of Rev. Noah Porter, D. D., LL. D., the President of
+Yale College, who married a daughter of Rev. Dr. N. W. Taylor. The
+prayers of Julian Borman for &ldquo;her good sonne&rdquo;&mdash;&ldquo;her very loving sonne,
+Samuel Boreman&rdquo; already reach, under the covenant promise of Him who
+remembers mercy to a thousand generations, a widely scattered family.</p>
+
+<p>In the above letter the name is spelled both with and without the letter
+&ldquo;<em>e</em>&rdquo; after &ldquo;<em>r</em>;&rdquo; the letter &ldquo;<em>d</em>&rdquo; is not found until 1712. The letter
+&ldquo;<em>a</em>,&rdquo; was not inserted until 1750; so that the descendants of Samuel,
+may still bear all these names, Borman, Boreman, Bordman or Boardman,
+according to the generation at which the line traced, reaches the parent
+stock. It is said that the name, however spelled, is still pronounced
+&ldquo;Borman,&rdquo; at Wethersfield. The rise of Cromwell in England, the long
+Parliament, the Westminster Assembly, the execution of Charles the
+First, the establishment of the commonwealth, its power by sea and land,
+the death of the Protector, the restoration of Charles the Second, were
+events of which Samuel must have heard by letter from his brother and
+sisters, as well as in other ways. He doubtless had numerous kinsmen on
+the side of both his father and his mother, who were involved in these
+movements of the times in England. Perhaps Richard Boardman, one of the
+first two &ldquo;Traveling Methodist Preachers on the
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span>
+continent,&rdquo; who came
+here from England in 1769, was among the descendants.</p>
+
+<p>At the same time the pioneer legislator in the Colonial General Court
+just established in the wilds of America, was aiding to lay Scriptural
+foundations for institutions of civil and religious liberty in the New
+World. He left a Thomas Boreman, perhaps an uncle, in Ipswich, Mass.
+During the thirty-seven years of his life, after his emigration, he saw
+new colonies planted at many points along the Atlantic coast. He saw the
+older colonies constantly strengthened by fresh arrivals, and by the
+natural increase of the population. Several other Boremans came to New
+England very early, some of whom may have been his kindred. He
+accumulated and left a considerable estate for that day, derived in part
+undoubtedly, from the increase in the value of the new lands, which he
+had at first occupied, and which he afterward sold at an advanced price.
+Some in every generation, of his descendants have done likewise; going
+first north, and east, and then further and further west. One of the
+descendants of his youngest son Nathaniel, now living, a man of
+distinguished ability, Hon. E. J. H. Boardman of Marshalltown, Iowa, is
+said to have amassed in this manner a large fortune.</p>
+
+<p>Samuel Boreman died far from his early home and kindred. He was not
+buried beside father or mother, or by the graves of ancestors who had
+for centuries lived and died and been buried there; but on a continent
+separated from them by a great ocean. He was
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span>
+doubtless buried on the
+summit of the hill in the old cemetery at Wethersfield, in a spot which
+overlooks the broad and fertile meadows of the Connecticut river. In the
+same plot his children and grandchildren lie, with monuments, though no
+monument marks his own grave. In his childhood, he may have seen
+Shakespeare and Bacon. He lived cotemporary with Cromwell; and Milton,
+who died, a year after he was buried at Wethersfield. His wife Mary, the
+mother of us all, died eleven years later, in 1684, leaving an estate of
+$1,300. As his body was lowered into the grave, his widow and ten
+children may have stood around it, the oldest, Isaac, aged 31, with his
+two or three little children; the second, Mary, Mrs. Robbins, at the age
+of twenty-nine; Samuel, Jr., twenty-five; Joseph twenty-three; John
+twenty-one; Sarah, eighteen; Daniel, fifteen; Jonathan, thirteen;
+Nathaniel, ten; Martha, seven. Most of these children lived to have
+families, and left children, whose descendants now doubtless number
+thousands. Isaac had three sons and one daughter and died in 1719, at
+the age of seventy-seven. Samuel had two sons and three daughters, and
+died in 1720, at seventy-two years of age. Daniel, then fifteen; from
+whom Timothy Boardman, the author of the Log-Book, was descended; had
+twelve children, nine sons and three daughters, and died in 1724, at the
+age of seventy-six. Jonathan had two sons and three daughters, and died
+September 21, 1712, at the age of fifty-one. Nathaniel married in
+Windsor, at the age of forty-four, and had but one son, Nathaniel, and
+died two months after his next older
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span>
+brother Jonathan, perhaps of a
+contagious disease, November 29, 1712; at the age of forty-nine. The
+descendants of Nathaniel are now found in Norwich, Vt., and elsewhere;
+and those of Samuel in Sheffield, Mass., and elsewhere. But the later
+descendants of the other sons, except Samuel, Daniel and Nathaniel, and
+of the daughters, I have no means of tracing. They are scattered in
+Connecticut and widely in other states. During the lives of this second
+generation occurred King Phillip&#8217;s war, which decimated the New England
+Colonies, and doubtless affected this family with others. Within their
+time also, Yale College was founded, and went into operation first at
+Wethersfield, close by the original Borman homestead.</p>
+
+<p>The writer of this has made sermons in the old study of Rector Williams,
+the president of the college, near the old Boardman house, which was
+standing in 1856, the oldest house in Wethersfield. The second
+generation of Boardmans, of course occupied more &ldquo;new lands.&rdquo; Daniel,
+the fifth son of Samuel, owned land in Litchfield and New Milford, then
+new settlements, as well as in Wethersfield. Jonathan married in
+Hatfield, Mass.</p>
+
+<p>The third generation, the grandchildren of Samuel, the names of
+twenty-nine of whom (seventeen grandsons and twelve grand-daughters),
+all children of Samuel&#8217;s five sons, are preserved; went out to occupy
+territory still further from home. We have little account however,
+except of the nine sons of Daniel, the seventh child of Samuel. Daniel
+the <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span>
+great-grandfather of Timothy, the author of the Log-Book, was
+married to Hannah Wright just a hundred years before the marriage of
+that great-grandson, June 8, 1683, while the war-whoop of King Phillip&#8217;s
+Narraganset savages was still resounding through the forest. Of his
+twelve children, two sons, John and Charles, died before reaching full
+maturity, John at the age of nineteen, near the death of two of his
+uncles, Jonathan and Nathaniel, in 1712; and Charles the youngest child,
+at the age of seventeen, very near the time of his father&#8217;s death, in
+1724. One son died in infancy. Of his daughters, Mabel, married Josiah
+Nichols, and for her second husband John Griswold of New Milford; Hannah
+married John Abbe of Enfield; and Martha married Samuel Churchill of
+Wethersfield. Of his six surviving sons, Richard was settled at
+Wethersfield; he married in Milford, and had three children. His second
+son Daniel, born July 12, 1687, was graduated at Yale College in 1709,
+became the first minister of New Milford in 1712 and died in the
+ministry with his people, August 25, 1744. Hinman says: &ldquo;He gave
+character and tone to the new settlement, by his devotion and active
+service.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>He was a man of deep piety, and of great force of character. It is
+related that an Indian medicine man, and this Puritan pastor met by the
+sick-bed of the same poor savage. The Indian raised his horrid clamor
+and din, which was intended to exorcise according to their customs the
+evil spirit of the disease. At the same time Mr. Boardman lifted up his
+voice in prayer to
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span>
+Him who alone can heal the sick. The conflict of
+rival voices waxed long and loud to see which should drown out the
+other. Mr. Boardman was blessed with unusual power of lungs like his
+nephew Rev. Benjamin Boardman, tutor at Yale and pastor in Hartford, who
+for his immense volume of voice, while a chaplain in the Revolutionary
+army was called by the patriots the &ldquo;Great gun of the gospel.&rdquo; The
+defeated charmer, acknowledged himself outdone and bounding from the
+bedside hid his defeat in the forest. Mr. Boardman died about the time
+his parishioners and neighbors were on the famous expedition to Cape
+Breton and the capture of Louisburg and when Whitfield&#8217;s preaching was
+arousing the church. He was twice married and had six children. His
+second wife, the mother of all but his oldest child was a widow, Mrs.
+Jerusha Seeley, one of nine daughters of Deacon David Sherman of
+Poquonnoch. Their children were:</p>
+
+<p>I. Penelopy, Mrs. Dr. Carrington.</p>
+
+<p>II. Tamar, wife of Mr. Boardman&#8217;s successor in the pastorate at New
+Milford, Rev. Nathaniel Taylor; mother of Major-General Augustine
+Taylor, of the war of 1812; and grandmother of Prof. Nathaniel W.
+Taylor, D.D., of New Haven.</p>
+
+<p>III. Mercy, the wife of Gillead Sperry, and grandmother of Rev. Dr.
+Wheaton of Hartford.</p>
+
+<p>IV. Jerusha, wife of Rev. Daniel Farrand of Canaan, Ct., and mother of
+Hon. Daniel Farrand (Yale, 1781), Judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont.
+This judge<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span>
+had nine daughters, one of whom married Hon. Stephen Jacobs,
+of Windsor, also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont.</p>
+
+<p>Rev. Daniel Boardman left but one son, the Hon. Sherman Boardman, who
+was but sixteen years old at the time of his father&#8217;s death. From the
+age of twenty-one he was for forty-seven years constantly in civil or
+military office. He was for twenty-one sessions a member of the General
+Assembly of Connecticut, of which his great-grandfather Samuel, had been
+so long a member. His four sons, Major Daniel (Yale, 1781), Elijah,
+Homer, and David Sherman (Yale, 1793), were all members of the
+Connecticut Legislature, in one or both branches, for many years. Elijah
+was also elected a United States Senator, from Connecticut in 1821. He
+founded Boardman, Ohio, and died while on a visit there Aug. 18, 1823.
+His son, William W. Boardman (Yale, 1812), was speaker of the house of
+the Connecticut Legislature, and elected to Congress in 1840. He left an
+ample fortune, and his large and comely monument stands near the centre
+of the old historic cemetery of New Haven, Ct., in which city he
+resided. This branch of the family, second cousins of the author of the
+Log-Book, though descended from the Puritan pastor Daniel Boardman, are
+now associated with the Protestant Episcopal church.</p>
+
+<p>The brothers of the pastor, grandsons of Samuel, were scattered in
+various places. Richard settled in Wethersfield, as already noticed.
+Israel settled at Stratford, and
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span>
+had two sons and one daughter. Joshua,
+received by his father&#8217;s will the homestead, but afterward removed to
+Springfield, Mass. Benjamin settled at Sharon, and received from his
+father lands in Litchfield and New Milford, lands which the family had
+probably purchased while the son and brother was preaching there.
+Timothy, the ninth child of Daniel, only twelve years old when his
+brother became pastor at New Milford, died only a few days before the
+birth of his namesake, and first grandchild, the author of the Log-Book.
+He lived and died in Wethersfield. His enterprise however, like that of
+his grandfather who emigrated from England, and that of his father who
+acquired lands in Litchfield and New Milford, went out, as that of many
+of their descendants does to-day, in the west, for &ldquo;more land.&rdquo; He and
+his brother Joshua, and other thrifty citizens of Wethersfield, fixed
+upon the province of Maine as the field of their enterprise. Timothy and
+Joshua owned the tract of land, thirty miles from north to south, and
+twenty-eight from east to west, which now, apparently, constitutes
+Lincoln Co. They had a clear title to eight hundred and forty square
+miles, about twenty-two townships, along or near the Atlantic coast. By
+the census of 1880, the assessed valuation of real estate in this county
+was $4,737,807; of personal property $1,896,886. Total $6,634,693. It
+embraces 3,213 farms; 146,480 acres of improved land, valued, including
+buildings and fences at $4,403,985; affording an annual production,
+valued at $759,560. The population was 24,326 of whom 23,756 were
+natives of Maine.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span>
+This tract which should have been called &ldquo;Boardman county,&rdquo; had been
+originally purchased of the Indians by one John Brown, probably as early
+as the close of King Phillip&#8217;s war. It was purchased by the Boardman
+brothers in 1732, from the great-grandchildren of John Brown, requiring
+a considerable number of deeds which are now on record in the county
+clerk&#8217;s office at York, Maine. These deeds were from Wm. Huxley, Eleazar
+Stockwell, and many others, heirs of John Brown, and of Richard Pearse
+his son-in-law. Two of them show $2,000 each as the sums paid for their
+purchase.</p>
+
+<p>William Frazier, a grandson of Timothy, and an own cousin of the author
+of the Log-Book, received something more than two townships, and
+although German intruders early settled upon these lands, many of whose
+descendants are now among the leading citizens of that county, yet there
+seems to be little reason to doubt that if, after the close of the
+Revolutionary war, the author of the Log-Book and other heirs had gone
+in quest of those ample possessions, something handsome, perhaps half of
+the county, might have been secured. There is a tradition that the true
+owners were betrayed as non-resident owners of unimproved lands often
+are, by their legal agents, who accepted of bribes to defraud those
+whose interests they had promised to secure.</p>
+
+<p>Timothy Boardman 1st, died in mid-life, at the age of fifty-three, and
+this noble inheritance was lost to his heirs. The county became thickly
+settled, and the Boardman titles though acknowledged valid, were it is
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span>
+said, confiscated by the Legislature of Massachusetts in favor of the
+actual occupants of the soil, as the shortest though unjust settlement
+of the difficulty.</p>
+
+<p>The fourth generation, the great-grandsons of Samuel included several
+men of prominence, some of whom have been already noticed. Hon. Sherman
+Boardman of New Milford; Rev. Benjamin Boardman, the army chaplain, of
+Hartford, and others. The majority of the family, however, were plain
+and undistinguished men of sterling Puritan qualities, and of great
+usefulness in their several spheres, in the church and in society. Many
+were deacons and elders in their churches, these were too numerous for
+further especial mention, except in a single line. The third child of
+Timothy, the Maine land proprietor, only four years old when Lincoln
+Co., Me. was purchased by his father, became a carpenter, ship-builder
+and cabinet maker, and settled in Middletown, Ct., which his
+great-grandfather Samuel had surveyed nearly a century before. He
+married Jemima Johnson, Nov. 14, 1751, and his oldest child, born Jan.
+20, 1754, was the author of the Log-Book. The preaching of Whitfield,
+and the &ldquo;Great Awakening&rdquo; of the American churches, North, South and
+Central, at this time, and for a whole generation, immediately preceding
+the Revolutionary war, had very much quickened the religious life even
+of the children of the New England Puritans. The Boardman family
+obviously felt the influence of this great revival. The country was anew
+pervaded with intense religious influences.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span>
+Many letters and other papers remain from different branches of the
+family of this and of more recent dates, exhibiting a deeply religious
+spirit. The boy Timothy grew up in an atmosphere filled with such
+influences. Many of the habits and feelings brought by the Puritans from
+England still prevailed. To the day of his death he retained much of the
+spirit of those early associations. He left a double portion to his
+oldest son. He inherited the traits of the Puritans; intelligence;
+appreciation of education; deference for different ages and relations in
+society; piety, industry, economy and thrift. His advantages at school
+in the flourishing village of Middletown must have been exceptionally
+good; he early learned to write in an even, correct and handsome hand,
+which he retained for nearly three-quarters of a century; his school
+book on Navigation is before me.</p>
+
+<p>More attention was paid to a correct and handsome chirography, at that
+time, the boyhood of Washington, Jefferson, Sherman and Putnam, than at
+a later day when a larger range of studies had been introduced. &ldquo;The
+Young Secretary&#8217;s Guide,&rdquo; a volume of model letters, business forms,
+etc., is preserved; it bears on the first leaf &ldquo;Timothy Boardman, his
+Book, A.D. 1765.&rdquo; The hand is copy-like, and very handsome, and
+extraordinary if it is his, as it seems to be; though he was then but
+eleven years old. A large manuscript volume of Examples in Navigation,
+obviously in his handwriting, doubtless made in his youth, is also
+before me. The writing and diagrams are like copper-plate. No descendant
+of his, so far as known to the writer could
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span>
+have exceeded it in
+neatness and skill. In his early boyhood the French and Indian war
+filled the public mind with excitement; reports of the exploits of Col.
+Israel Putnam were circulated, as they occurred. The conquest of Canada
+under Gen. Wolf filled the colonies with pride and patriotism. But
+already disaffection between the mother country and the colonies had
+arisen. Resistance to the tea tax and other offensive measures were
+discussed at every fireside. The writer before he was seven years old
+caught from the author of the Log-Book, then over eighty, something of
+the indignant feeling toward England which the latter had acquired at
+the very time when the tea was thrown overboard into Boston harbor.
+Timothy Boardman was ripe for participation in armed resistance when the
+war came. He was just twenty-one as the first blood was shed at
+Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775. Putnam who had left his plow in
+the furrow, was with his Connecticut soldiers, in action, if not in
+chief command at Bunker hill. Timothy Boardman joined the army which
+invested Boston, under Washington in the winter of 1775-1776. He was
+stationed, doubtless with a Connecticut regiment, on Dorchester Heights,
+now South Boston.</p>
+
+<p>After completing this service, in the great uprising of the people to
+oppose the southward progress of Burgoyne, he was called out and marched
+toward Saratoga, but the surrender took place before his regiment
+arrived. With his father he had worked at finishing houses, and the
+inside of vessels built on the Connecticut river, on
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span>
+which Middletown
+is situated. In the winter he was employed largely in cabinet work, in
+the shop; I have the chest which he made and used on the <em>Oliver
+Cromwell</em>.</p>
+
+<p>Congress early adopted the policy of sending out privateers or armed
+vessels to capture British merchant vessels. These vessels became prizes
+for the captors. The <em>Oliver Cromwell</em> was chartered by Connecticut,
+with letters of marque and reprisal from the United States. Captain
+Parker was in command. The <em>Defence</em> accompanied the <em>Oliver Cromwell</em>;
+they sailed from New London; Timothy Boardman then twenty-four years of
+age enlisted and went on board; he commenced keeping the Log-Book April
+11, 1778; he seems to have been head carpenter on board the ship, and to
+have had severe labors. His assistants appear to have deserted him
+before the close of the voyage. It was his duty to make any needful
+repairs after a storm, or in an engagement and to perform any such
+service necessary even at the time of greatest danger. In a terrific
+storm it was decided to cut away the mast. His hat fell from his head,
+but he scarcely felt it worth while to pick it up, as all were liable so
+soon to go to the bottom. In action, his place was below deck, to be in
+readiness with his tools and material to stop instantly, if possible,
+any leak caused by the enemies&#8217; shot. At one time the rigging above him
+was torn and fell upon him, some were killed; blood spattered over him,
+and it was shouted &ldquo;Boardman is killed.&rdquo; He, however, and another man on
+board, a Mr. Post, father of the late
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span>
+Alpha Post of Rutland, were
+spared to make their homes for half a century among the peaceful hills
+of Vermont.</p>
+
+<p>In the following year 1779, he seems to have sailed down the Atlantic
+coast on an American merchant vessel. He was captured off Charleston, S.
+Carolina, by the British, but after a few days&#8217; detention, on board his
+Majesty&#8217;s vessel, it was thought cheaper to send the prisoners on shore
+than to feed them, and he and his companions were given a boat and set
+at liberty. They reached Charleston in safety. The city was under
+martial law, and the new-comers were for about six weeks put upon
+garrison duty. About this time Lord Cornwallis was gaining signal
+advantages in that vicinity, while Gen. Gates, who had received the
+surrender of Burgoyne, three years before, was badly defeated. After
+completing this service the author of the Log-Book, started to walk home
+to Connecticut. He proceeded on foot to North Carolina, where Andrew
+Jackson was, then a poor boy of twelve years. Jackson&#8217;s father, a young
+Irish emigrant died within two years after entering those forests, and
+his widow soon to become the mother of a President, was &ldquo;hauled&rdquo; through
+their clearing, from their deserted shanty, to his grave, among the
+stumps, in the same lumber wagon with the corpse of her husband. He had
+been dead twelve years when the pilgrim from Connecticut passed that
+way. Overcome, probably by fatigue and by malaria, his progress was
+arrested in North Carolina by fever, and he lay sick all winter among
+strangers.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span>
+In the spring of 1780, unable probably, to proceed on foot, he embarked
+from some port, on a merchant ship bound for St. Eustatia, a Dutch
+island, in the West Indies. He was again captured and taken prisoner by
+the British.</p>
+
+<p>He was, however, transferred to a British merchant vessel on which he
+rendered a little service by way of commutation, when he was set at
+liberty on St. Eustatia. The island has an area of 189 square miles,
+population 13,700; latitude 17&deg;, 30', North. Climate generally healthy,
+but with terrific hurricanes and earthquakes, soil very fertile and
+highly cultivated by the thrifty Hollanders, with slave labor. It has
+belonged successively to the Spanish, French, English and Dutch. Having
+been enfeebled by his fever of the winter before, Timothy Boardman now
+twenty-six years old, worked for several months at his trade with good
+wages. I have heard him say that there the tropical sun shone directly
+down the chimney. He used to relate also, how fat the young negroes
+would become in sugaring time, when the sweets of the canefield flowed
+as freely as water. He returned home to Connecticut probably late in the
+year 1780. Vermont was then the open field for emigration. It was
+rapidly receiving settlers from Connecticut. I have no knowledge that he
+ever made any account of the immense tract in Maine, purchased and held
+by deeds, still on record at York, Me., by his grandfather, and in which
+he, as the oldest grandson, born a few days after his grandfather&#8217;s
+death and named for him, might have been expected to be interested.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span>
+He was now twenty-seven. A large family of younger children had long
+occupied his father&#8217;s house. He sought a home of his own. His younger
+brothers Elisha and Oliver were married and settled before him. He seems
+to have inherited something of the ancestral enterprise of the Puritans,
+&ldquo;hankering for new land.&rdquo; All his brothers and sisters settled in
+Connecticut, but he made his way in 1781 to Vermont. For a year
+1781-1782, he worked at his trade in Bennington. During this time, he
+purchased a farm in Addison, it is supposed of Ira Allen, a brother of
+the redoubtable Ethan Allen; but the title proved, as so often happened,
+with the early settlers to be defective. He recovered, many years
+afterward, through the fidelity and skill of his lawyer, the Hon. Daniel
+Chipman of Middlebury, the hard earned money which he had paid for the
+farm at Chimney Point. It shows how thrifty he must have been, and how
+resolute in his purpose to follow a pioneer life in Vermont, that after
+this great loss he still had money, and a disposition to buy another
+farm among the Green Mountains. Having put his hand to the plow, he did
+not turn back. He did not perhaps like to have his Connecticut kindred
+and friends think he had failed in what he had undertaken. He had saved
+a good portion of his wages for six or seven years. He had received, as
+the most faithful man in the crew, a double share in the prizes taken by
+the <em>Oliver Cromwell</em>. He had perhaps received some aid from his father.
+Though he had paid for and lost one unimproved farm, he was able to buy,
+and did purchase another. He came to Rutland, Vt., in 1782 and
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span> bought
+one hundred acres of heavily timbered land from the estate of Rev.
+Benajah Roots, whose blood has long flowed in the same veins, with his
+own. He perhaps thought that if he bought of a minister, he would get a
+good title. He may have known Mr. Roots, at least by reputation, in
+Connecticut, for he had been settled at Simsbury, Ct., before coming to
+a home missionary field in Rutland. The owner of the land was in doubt
+whether to sell it.</p>
+
+<p>The would-be purchaser had brought the specie with which to buy it, in a
+strong linen bag, still it is supposed preserved in the family, near the
+same spot. &ldquo;Bring in your money,&rdquo; said a friend, &ldquo;and throw it down on a
+table, so that it will jingle well.&rdquo; The device was successful, the
+joyful sound, where silver was so scarce, brought the desired effect.
+The deed was soon secured, for the land which he owned for nearly sixty
+years.</p>
+
+<p>A clearing was soon made on this land at a point which lies about
+one-half mile south of Centre Rutland, and a-half mile west of Otter
+creek on the slope of a high hill. It was then expected that Centre
+Rutland would be the capital of Vermont. In 1783, he erected amid the
+deep forests, broken only here and there by small clearings, a small
+framed house. He never occupied a log-house; as he was himself a
+skillful carpenter, house-joiner and cabinet maker and had been reared
+in a large village, a city, just as he left it, his taste did not allow
+him to dispense with so many of the comforts of his earlier life as many
+were compelled to relinquish.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span>
+He returned to Middletown, and was married, Sept. 28th, 1783, to Mary,
+the eighth child and fifth daughter of Capt. Samuel Ward of Middletown,
+who had twelve children. The Ward family were of equal standing with his
+own. The newly married couple were each a helpmeet unto the other, and
+had probably known each other from early life in the same church and
+perhaps in the same public school. They were both always strongly
+attached to Middletown, their native place; it cost something to tear
+themselves away and betake themselves to a new settlement, which they
+knew must long want many of the advantages which they were leaving. I
+remember the pride and exhileration with which, in his extreme old age,
+he used to speak of Middletown, as he pointed out on his two maps, one
+of them elaborate, in his native city, the old familiar places. He
+revisited it from time to time during his long life, the last time in
+1837, only a year and a-half before his death.</p>
+
+<p>In his journeys between Rutland and Middletown, which he visited with
+his wife, the second year after their marriage, he must have met many
+kindred by the way. His Uncle Daniel Boardman lived in Dalton, and his
+Uncle John in Hancock, Mass., while three brothers of his wife, and a
+sister, Mrs. Charles Goodrich, resided in Pittsfield. Mrs. Ward, his
+mother-in-law, lived also in Pittsfield with her children, till 1815,
+when she was ninety-six years old, her oldest son seventy-six, and her
+eighth child, Mrs. Boardman, over sixty. She and her son-in-law, Judge
+Goodrich, the founder of
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span>
+Pittsfield, who was of about her own age,
+lived, it is said to be the oldest persons in Berkshire Co. He had also
+a cousin Mrs. Francis at Pittsfield, and a favorite cousin Elder John
+Boardman, at Albany and another cousin, Capt. George Boardman in
+Schenectady. These three cousins were children of his uncle Charles of
+Wethersfield. His grandmother Boardman, the widow of the Maine land
+proprietor, also spent her last days in Dalton, and died there at her
+son Daniel&#8217;s, about the time when Timothy first went to Vermont.</p>
+
+<p>His youngest brother William, distinctly remembered my grandfather&#8217;s
+playing with him, and bantering him when a little child, and also the
+September morning when with his father and mother he rode over in a
+chaise to Capt. Ward&#8217;s to attend Timothy&#8217;s wedding. He told me that when
+Timothy was there last, he shed some tears, as he cut for himself a
+memorial cane, by the river&#8217;s bank, where he used to play in boyhood,
+and said he should never see the place again. William, whom he used to
+call &ldquo;Bill,&rdquo; named a son for him, Timothy.</p>
+
+<p>The spot where he built his first house, and called on the name of the
+Lord, and where his first two or three children were born, is now off
+the road, at a considerable distance, about a-half mile north-east of
+the house, occupied by his grandson, Samuel Boardman, Esq., of West
+Rutland. It is near a brook, in a pasture, cold, wet, bunchy and stony,
+and does not look as if it had ever been plowed. He had better land
+which he cultivated afterward, and which yielded abundantly. But at
+first<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span>
+he must have wrung a subsistence from a reluctant soil. Yet the
+leaf-mould and ashes from burned timber on fields protected by
+surrounding forests would produce good wheat, corn and vegetables. Near
+that spot still stands one very old apple tree and another lies fallen
+and decaying near by. So tenacious are the memorials of man&#8217;s occupancy,
+even for a short time.</p>
+
+<p>After a few years he removed this small framed house, fifty rods
+westward and dug and walled for it a cellar which still remains, a pit
+filled with stones, water and growing alders. He then made some
+additions to the house as demanded by his growing family. He also built
+near it a barn. His house was still on the cold, bushy land which slopes
+to the north-east, and is now only occupied for pasturage. Here seven
+young children occupied with him his pioneer home.</p>
+
+<p>The tradition used to be, that at first he incurred somewhat the
+derision of his neighbors, better skilled in backwoodsman&#8217;s lore than
+himself, by hacking all around a tree, in order to get it down. It is
+said that some imagined his land would soon be in the market, and sold
+cheap; that the city bred farmer, better taught in navigation and
+surveying, than in clearing forests and in agriculture, would become
+tired and discouraged and abandon his undertaking. But he remained and
+persevered, and his good Puritan qualities, industry, frugality, good
+management, and persistency for the first ten or fifteen years,
+determined his whole subsequent career and that of his family. He was
+never rich, but he secured a good home, dealt well with his
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span> children,
+and became independent for the remainder of his life. Indeed, like most
+New England Puritans, of resolute and conscientious industry, and of
+moderate expenditures, he was always independent after he was of age.</p>
+
+<p>A man of such character, and of so fair an education would, of course,
+soon be valued in any community, and be especially useful in a new
+settlement where skill with the pen and the compass are rarer than in
+older places.</p>
+
+<p>He was appreciated and was soon made town clerk of Rutland, and county
+surveyor for Rutland county. He was also in time made captain of the
+militia, in recognition perhaps, in part, of his Revolutionary services.
+He was also made clerk of the Congregational church, I have some of his
+church records. On Nov. 20th, 1805, he was elected a deacon. He was also
+on the committee to revise the Articles of Faith and Rules of
+Discipline. About 1792, he bought fifty acres of good land lying west of
+his first purchase, and on this ground, one hundred rods west of his
+previous home, and about half a mile south-west of the spot first
+occupied, he erected in 1799, a good two-story house, which is still in
+excellent preservation, where till his death, he lived in a home as
+ample and commodious as the better class of those with which he had been
+familiar in his native state.</p>
+
+<p>In sixteen years after coming to the unbroken forest on what has since
+been called &ldquo;Boardman hill,&rdquo; he had won a good position in society and
+in the church,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span>
+and a comfortable property. He was afflicted in the
+death of his oldest daughter and child, Hannah, October 26, 1803. But
+this was the only death that occurred in his family for more than
+fifty-three years. His six remaining children lived to an average age of
+about eighty.</p>
+
+<p>The Congregational church in West Rutland, one of the oldest in Vermont,
+had been formed in 1773, nine years before his arrival. He became a
+member in 1785, and his wife in 1803. Not long after his coming, Rev.
+Mr. Roots, the pastor, died, and the widely known Rev. Samuel Haynes, a
+devout, able and witty man, became their pastor, and so continued for
+thirty years, until his dismission in 1818. Timothy Boardman&#8217;s children
+were early taken to church, were trained and all came into the church
+under, the ministry of Rev. Mr. Haynes.</p>
+
+<p>He said that he would sooner do without bread than without preaching,
+and he was always a conscientious and liberal supporter of the church.
+He appreciated and co-operated with his pastor. In the great revival of
+1808, five of his children were gathered into the church. One of them,
+perhaps all of them, were previously regarded by their parents as
+religious.</p>
+
+<p>In politics he was a Federalist. In respect to the war with Great
+Britain 1812-1815, his views did not entirely coincide with those of
+some others, including his associate in the diaconate, Dea. Chatterton,
+who was a rigid Democrat. This eminently devout and useful man, was so
+burdened with Dea. Boardman&#8217;s
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span>
+lukewarmness in promoting the second war
+with Great Britain, against whose armies both had fought in the
+Revolution, that he felt constrained to take up a labor with him, hoping
+to correct his political errors by wholesome church discipline. It must
+have been a scene for a painter.</p>
+
+<p>Perhaps no better man or one more effective for good, ever lived in West
+Rutland than Dea. Chatterton. In both politics and religion he was
+practical and fervid. The church meeting was crowded.</p>
+
+<p>The occasion compelled my grandfather, as Paul was driven, in his
+epistle to the Corinthians, and as Demosthenes was forced in his oration
+for the crown, to enter somewhat upon his own past record. Though a very
+modest and unpretentious man, yet it is said that the author of the
+Log-Book, on this memorable occasion straightened himself up, and boldly
+referred his hearers to the glorious days of the war for Independence,
+which had tried men&#8217;s souls, and when he had forever sealed the
+genuineness of his own patriotism, by hazarding his life both by sea and
+land for his country.</p>
+
+<p>Weighed in the balances on his own record, so far from being found
+wanting, his patriotism was proved to be of the finest gold; and his
+place like that of Paul, not a whit behind that of the chiefest apostle.
+Though he did not feel it to be his duty to fall in behind the tap of
+the drum, and volunteer to fight, beside the aged democratic veteran who
+served with him at the communion table; yet he showed that the older was
+not a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span>
+better soldier; that with diversities of politics, there was the
+same loyalty, and that his own patriotism was no less than his
+brother&#8217;s.</p>
+
+<p>The tremendous strain which the struggle for American Independence put
+upon the generation who encountered it, was touchingly illustrated in
+the lives of these two men, a generation, or two generations after the
+struggle had been successfully closed. Amid the quiet hills of Vermont,
+the minds of both were affected for a time, with at least partial
+derangement. Dea. Boardman labored temporarily under the hallucination,
+that he was somehow liable to arrest, and prepared a chamber for his
+defence. He was obliged, for a time to be watched, though he was never
+confined. A journey to Connecticut, on horseback, with his son Samuel,
+when he was perhaps sixty years old, effected an entire cure. Dea.
+Chatterton in his extreme old age, after a life of remarkable piety,
+became a maniac and was obliged to be confined. He had suffered peculiar
+hardships, perhaps on the prison-ships, in the Revolution; and his
+incoherent expressions, in his insanity, sixty years afterward, and just
+before his death, were full of charges against the &ldquo;British.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Timothy Boardman&#8217;s supreme interest in life, however, was in his loyalty
+to Christ, and his intense desires were for the extension and full
+triumph of Christ&#8217;s kingdom. The revivals which prevailed in the early
+part of the century and the consequent great expansion of aggressive
+Christian work, were in answer to his life-long prayers, as well as
+those of all other
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span>
+Christians; and he entered heartily, from the first,
+into all measures undertaken for the more rapid spread of the gospel. He
+was greatly interested in the formation of the American Board of
+Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and read the <em>Missionary Herald</em>,
+with interest from its first publication, until his death. The formation
+of the Bible Society, Tract Society, Seaman&#8217;s Friend Society, Sunday
+School Society, American Home Missionary Society, etc., engaged his
+interest, and received his support. He made himself an honorary member
+of the A. B. C. F. M. near the close of his life, in accordance with the
+suggestion of his sister Sarah, whom he greatly valued, the wife of Rev.
+Joseph Washburn, and afterward of Dea. Porter, both of Farmington, Ct.,
+by the contribution to Foreign Missions, at one time, of one hundred
+dollars.</p>
+
+<p>In social and domestic life, he was a son of the Puritans and of the
+Connecticut type. He exacted obedience, and somewhat of reverence from
+his children. They did not dare, to the last, to treat him with
+unrestrained familiarity. His wife and children stood, waiting at their
+chairs, until he was first seated at the table. He gave his children a
+good education for the time, sending them to &ldquo;Master Southard.&rdquo; His
+habitual temper of mind was one of deep reverence toward God. He sat in
+awe during a thunder storm, and a cyclone which passed over his home
+deeply impressed him. His letters abound in affectionate and in
+religious sentiments. He was scrupulous in
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span>
+the observance of the
+Sabbath; required it of his children, and he expected it of the stranger
+within his gates. The family altar probably never failed from the day he
+first entered with his newly married wife, into their pioneer home, amid
+the forests, till his death. He was solemn, earnest and felicitous in
+prayer. The atmosphere of his home was eminently that of a christian
+household. Two of his four sons became officers in their churches, and
+also both his sons-in-law. Four of his grandsons entered the Christian
+ministry, and a granddaughter is the wife of a clergyman. Those who
+regard the Puritans in general, as too severe in industry, in frugality,
+in morals and in religious exercises, would have regarded him as too
+exacting in all these directions. He certainly could not on one hundred
+and fifty acres of land, which he found wild, and not all of it very
+good, have reared a large family, and supported public institutions as
+he did; have given each of his sons at settlement in life, six hundred
+dollars, and left to each at his death, eight hundred, if he had not
+practiced through life, a resolute industry, and a somewhat rigid
+economy.</p>
+
+<p>It is worthy of notice that like his grandfather, Timothy Boardman of
+Wethersfield, he owned, what by a little change of circumstances, might
+have brought, not a competence merely but wealth to his heirs. Early in
+his residence at Rutland, he became possessed, with many others of a
+small lot in what was called the &ldquo;Cedar Swamp.&rdquo; These lots were valued
+almost<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span>
+exclusively for the enduring material for fences which they
+afforded. Their cedar posts supplied the town. They obtained also on the
+rocky portions of these lands a white sand, which was employed for
+scouring purposes, and also for sprinkling, by way of ornamentation,
+according to the fashion of the times, the faultlessly clean, white
+floors of the &ldquo;spare rooms.&rdquo; Timothy Boardman&#8217;s cedar lot, is now one of
+the largest marble quarries in Rutland, a town which is said to furnish
+one-half of all the marble produced in the United States. It brought to
+one of his sons, a handsome addition to farm profits, but was disposed
+of just before its great value was appreciated and lost, as in case of
+the Maine lands.</p>
+
+<p>His grandfather Timothy Boardman, is said to have been &ldquo;a short, stocky
+man;&rdquo; his monument, and until recently that of his father Daniel, son of
+the emigrant from England, might both be seen, near together in the old
+cemetery at Wethersfield.</p>
+
+<p>The author of the Log-Book, was a little below the average height, of
+rather full face, with a peach-bloom tinge of red on each cheek in old
+age, and of light complexion, and light hair. His motions were quick,
+and his constitution healthful, though he was never strong. He had
+undoubtedly a mind of fair ability; inclined perhaps to conservative
+views, and acting as spontaneously, it may be in criticism, as in any
+other exercise of its energies. I remember to have received reproof and
+instruction in manners, from him when I was five
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span>
+or six years of age.
+He was careful of his possessions, and articles belonging to him, were
+very generally marked &ldquo;T. B.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>It is a tradition among the older kindred, that the writer, though he
+does not remember it, finding at the age of five or six, on grandpa&#8217;s
+premises, some loose tufts of scattered wool, and being told that they
+were his, expressed the candid judgment, that it could not be so,
+&ldquo;because they were not marked T. B.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>I am not aware that he was much given to humor, yet he would seem not to
+have been entirely destitute of it from the philosophical account he
+gave of the advantages of his position, when some one ventured to
+condole with him on the steep hill of nearly a mile which lay between
+his house and the church. He said it afforded him two privileges, first
+that of dropping down quickly to meeting, when he had a late start; and
+secondly, that of abundant time for reflection on the sermon while he
+was going home.</p>
+
+<p>His wife, undoubtedly his equal in every respect, to whom much of his
+prosperity, usefulness, and good repute, as well as that of his family
+was due, after a married life of fifty-three years and three months,
+died in Dec., 1836. She had long been feeble. Her children watched
+around her bedside on the last night in silence till one of her sons,
+laying his hand upon her heart, and finding it still, said &ldquo;we have no
+longer a mother.&rdquo; I remember the hush of the next morning, throughout
+the house, when we young children awoke. It was
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span>
+lonely and cold in
+grandma&#8217;s room, and only a white sheet covered a silent form.</p>
+
+<p>At eighty-three he was alone, and he deeply felt, as was natural, that
+loneliness. Yet he had affectionate children, and with his youngest son,
+who had four daughters, to him kind and pleasant granddaughters, he made
+his home for the remainder of his life. With the oldest of these he made
+in 1837, as already noticed, his last visit to Connecticut, going as far
+as New Haven and the city of New York. On this journey he went in his
+own carriage. He visited us, once at least in Castleton, at the house
+where the Log-Book was so long concealed. I remember his figure there,
+as that of a &ldquo;short and stocky man,&rdquo; who seemed to me very old. He died
+while on a visit to Middlebury, where two of his children had been
+settled for more than twenty years, at the house of his youngest
+daughter and youngest child, Betsey, then the widow of Dea. Martin Foot.
+She and her six daughters did everything possible for his comfort. A
+swelling made its appearance upon his shoulder, and the disease advanced
+steadily to a fatal termination. His appointed time had come. From his
+death-bed he sent to his children a final letter of affectionate
+greeting and counsel. The feeble hand, whose lines had been so fair and
+even for nearly three-quarters of a century, wanders unsteadily across
+the pages, expressive of a mind perhaps already wandering with disease.
+And so the fingers that had traced the neat lines of the Log-Book, on
+board the <em>Oliver Cromwell</em>, in 1778, &ldquo;forgot&rdquo; sixty years afterwards
+&ldquo;their<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span>
+cunning,&rdquo; and wrote no more. He was buried beside his wife, in
+the cemetery at West Rutland, near the church where he had worshipped
+nearly sixty years.</p>
+
+<p>On the death of his wife, he had ordered two monumental stones to be
+prepared just alike, except the inscriptions; one of which was to be for
+her, and the other for himself. They may be seen from the road, by one
+passing, of bluish stone standing not very far from the fence, and about
+half way from the northern to the southern side of the lot. On these
+stones was inscribed at his direction, where they may now be read, the
+words, contained in Rev. 14: 13, divided between the two stones; on the
+one: &ldquo;I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, write Blessed are the
+dead, which die in the Lord from henceforth;&rdquo; and on the other: &ldquo;Yea
+saith the Spirit that they may rest from their labors and their works do
+follow them:&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>His children were:</p>
+
+<p>Hannah, born July 23, 1784; died Oct. 26, 1803.</p>
+
+<p>Timothy, born March 11, 1786; settled in Middlebury, and died there
+April, 1857.</p>
+
+<p>Mary, born Jan. 27, 1788; married Dea. Robert Barney of East Rutland
+1824; died at her son&#8217;s house, in Wisconsin, 1871.</p>
+
+<p>Dea. Samuel Ward, born Nov. 27, 1789; died in Pittsford, Vt., May 13,
+1870.</p>
+
+<p>Dea. Elijah, born March 9, 1792; died Sept. 24, 1873.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span>
+Capt. Charles Goodrich, born Feb. 19, 1794; died Dec. 17, 1875.</p>
+
+<p>Betsey, born, 1796; married Dea. Martin Foot of Middlebury; died April
+26, 1873.</p>
+
+<p>The proclivity of the Puritans for education is illustrated in the fact,
+that only five years after the foundation of Yale College one of this
+family, Daniel a grandson of Samuel, the emigrant from England, became a
+student there and was graduated in 1709, and that wherever different
+branches of the family have since been settled they have generally sent
+sons to the nearest colleges, not only many to Yale, but several to
+Dartmouth, Williams, Middlebury, Union, and others. The eighth and ninth
+generations are now in the process of education, in various institutions
+east and west. The descendants of Timothy Boardman who have entered
+professional life, are:</p>
+
+<p>Hon. Carlos Boardman (grad. Middlebury College 1842), a lawyer and
+judge, in Linnaeus, Mo., oldest son of Capt. Charles. G. Boardman, of
+West Rutland.</p>
+
+<p>Rev. George Nye Boardman, D.D. (Middlebury College 1847). Prof. of
+Systematic Theology, in Chicago Theological Seminary, Chicago, Ill.</p>
+
+<p>Rev. Samuel W. Boardman, D.D. (Midd. Col., 1851). Pastor of the First
+Presbyterian Church, Stanhope, N.J.</p>
+
+<p>Rev. Simeon Gilbert Boardman (Midd. Col., 1855). Pastor of the
+Presbyterian Church, Champlain, N.Y.</p>
+
+<p>Charles Boardman, a member of the class of 1850, in Middlebury College,
+and who died of typhoid fever in
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span>
+the sophomore year, doubtless had in view the Christian ministry.</p>
+
+<p>These four were sons of Dea. S. W. Boardman, of Castleton.</p>
+
+<p>Horace Elijah Boardman, M.D. (Midd. Col., 1857), in practice at Monroe,
+Wis., youngest son of Dea. Elijah Boardman, of West Rutland.</p>
+
+<p>Harland S. Boardman M.D., (Midd., 1874), a grandson of Timothy 4th, and
+son of Timothy 5th, of Middlebury, was graduated at the Homeopathic
+Hospital College of Cleveland, Ohio, 1877. He is now practicing at
+Ludlow, Vt.</p>
+
+<p>William Gilbert Boardman, in practice of dentistry in or near Memphis,
+Tenn., a grandson of Dea. Elijah Boardman.</p>
+
+<p>Edgar William Boardman, M.D., son of Dr. Horace E., now practicing at
+Janesville, Wis.; both he and his father were graduated at the &ldquo;Hahneman
+Medical College and Hospital, of Chicago.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&mdash;&mdash; Webster, M.D., grandson of Mary, Mrs. Dea. Robert Barney, in
+practice in Schuylerville, N.Y.</p>
+
+<p>Dea. Martin Foote, the husband of Betsey, was a student in Middlebury
+College for two years, it is believed, in the distinguished class of
+1813, but by reason of impaired health, he was unable to complete the
+course.</p>
+
+<p>A few words in regard to the Log-Book may not be inappropriate. It seems
+to be a mere waif that has floated on the current, and among a thousand
+things that have perished, to have been, as it were by accident,
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span>
+preserved. A portion of the volume seems to be a kind of a private
+journal kept by my grandfather, for a few weeks in 1778. He does not
+appear to have valued it greatly, as on the blank leaves, he has made
+some entries of his business, as town clerk, and some as county
+surveyor, and afterward, a few notes of account with his son Elijah, who
+took a part of his farm. His last entry in it, as if it were in part a
+waste blank book, was made forty-eight years after he left the <em>Oliver
+Cromwell</em>, in 1826.</p>
+
+<p>It must have come into my father&#8217;s hands with some other papers, on the
+division of his father&#8217;s effects in 1839. Both seem to have been
+reluctant to destroy anything, though they did not much value it. My
+father, at last, weary of keeping it, would seem to have given it to me
+merely for its blank pages, as scribbling paper. Six leaves, apparently
+blank, were torn out. Several pages are covered with mere vacant
+scrawling by my boyish hand; whether I threw it away in utter contempt,
+or concealed it back of the old chimney, in curious conjecture whether
+some unborn generations, would not at some distant day discover it, and
+puzzle over it, I cannot tell. I have no recollection of it whatever;
+except that I had a general impression that we used to have more of
+grandfather&#8217;s writings than we possessed in later years. Whether we had
+still others I know not. How little of such writing survives for a
+century! It was lost for forty years, till a quarter of a century after
+we had sold and left the house. It was found in 1884, in a dark recess,
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span>
+back of the chimney, in the garret, by Master Fred. Jones, the son of an
+esteemed friend, who in her childhood, about the time of the loss of
+this manuscript, was a member of my father&#8217;s household. Many years
+afterwards, she became the worthy mistress of the house, and this lad,
+exploring things in general, came across this old Log-Book. If it is of
+any interest or value; to him and to Dr. J. M. Currier, the accomplished
+secretary of the Rutland County Historical Society, and to James
+Brennan, Esq., an old schoolmate who took an interest in the manuscript,
+is due all the credit of its publication.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span></p>
+
+<h1>JOURNAL</h1>
+
+<h4>AND</h4>
+
+<h1>SAILING DIRECTIONS</h1>
+
+<h4>OF THE</h4>
+
+<h2>OLIVER CROMWELL</h2>
+
+<h3>SECOND CRUISE.</h3>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img3.png" width="500" height="131" alt="Page header" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h2>JOURNAL OF THE SECOND CRUISE.</h2>
+
+
+<p>April 7th the Defence had Five Men Broke out With the Small Pox.</p>
+
+<p>9th they Lost a Man w<sup>th</sup> the Small Pox.</p>
+
+<p>10th Exersis<sup>d</sup> Cannon &amp; Musquetry.</p>
+
+<p>11th Saw a Sail the Defence Spoke with her She was a Frenchman from
+Bourdeaux Bound to the West Indies.</p>
+
+<p>13th Cros<sup>d</sup> the Tropick Shav<sup>d</sup> &amp; Duck About 60 Men.</p>
+
+<p>14th at four Oclock Afternoon Saw a Sail Bearing E S E. We Gave Chase to
+her &amp; Came Up With her at 8 Oclock She was a Large French Ship we Sent
+the Boat on Board of her She Informed us of two English Ships which She
+Left Sight of at the time we Saw her.</p>
+
+<p>15th at Day Break We saw two Sail Bareing SEbS Distance 2 Leagues We
+Gave Chase Under a Moderate Sail at 9 oClock P. M. Came Up with them
+they at First Shew French Colours to Decoy us when we Came in About half
+a Mile of us the Ups with English Colours
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span>
+We had Continental Colours
+Flying We Engaged the Ship Admiral Kepple as Follows When We Came in
+About 20 Rods of her We Gave her a Bow Gun She Soon Returned us a Stern
+Chaise &amp; then a Broad Side of Grape &amp; Round Shot Cap<sup>t</sup> Orders Not to
+fire till we Can See the white of their Eyes We Got Close Under their
+Larbard Quarter they Began Another Broad Side &amp; then We Began &amp; hel<sup>d</sup>
+Tuff &amp; Tuff for About 2 Glasses &amp; Then she Struck to Us at the Same time
+the Defence Engaged the Cyrus who as the Kepple Struck Wore Round Under
+our Stern We Wore Ship &amp; Gave her a Stern Chase at which She Immediately
+Struck. The Loss on our Side was One Kill<sup>d</sup> &amp; Six Wounded one Mortally
+Who Soon Died Our Ship was hull<sup>d</sup> 9 Times with Six Pound Shott Three
+of which Went through Our Birth one of which wounded the Boatswains
+yoeman the Loss on their Side was two Kill<sup>d</sup> &amp; Six wounded their
+Larbourd quarter was well fill<sup>d</sup> with Shott one Nine Pounder went
+through her Main Mast. Imploy<sup>d</sup> in the After-noon Takeing out the Men
+&amp; Maning the Prise The Kepple Mounted 20 Guns 18 Six Pounders &amp; two
+Wooden D<sup>o</sup> with about 45 Men, the Cyrus Mounted 16 Six Pounders with
+35 Men Letters of Marque Bound from Bristol to Jamaica Laden with Dry
+Goods Paints &amp; C.</p>
+
+<p>18th Cap<sup>t</sup> Day Died.</p>
+
+<p>19th Cap<sup>t</sup> Brown of The Ship Adm<sup>l</sup> Kepple &amp; Cap<sup>t</sup> Dike of the
+Cyrus with Three Ladies &amp; 8 Men Sett off in a Long Boat for S<sup>t</sup> Kitts
+O<sup>r</sup> Cap<sup>tns</sup> Parker &amp; Smedleys Permition.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span>
+20th Imploy<sup>d</sup> in taking things out of the Prise Viz. One Chist of
+Holland a Quantity of Hatts &amp; Shoes Cheeses Porter &amp; Some Crockery Ware
+Small Arms Pistols Hangers two Brass Barrel Blunderbusses a Quantity of
+Riggen &amp; C.</p>
+
+<p>21<sup>st</sup> At Three oClock Afternoon we wore Ship to the Southward The
+Prises Made Sail to the Northward we Lost Sight of them at Six.</p>
+
+<p>May 2<sup>nd</sup> Sprung Our Foretopmast Struck it &amp; Ship<sup>d</sup> Another in its
+Room.</p>
+
+<p>8<sup>th</sup> Saw a Sail over Our Starboard bow We Gave Chase to her She was a
+French Guineaman Bound to the Mole With 612 Slaves on Board Our Cap<sup>t</sup>
+Put 6 Prisoners on Board of Her Left her Just at Dark.</p>
+
+<p>11<sup>th</sup> At 5 o&#8217;Clock in the Morning Saw a Sail at the Windward two
+Leagues Distance Bearing Down Upon Us we Lay too for her till She Came
+in half Gun Shott of us the Man at Mast head Cry<sup>d</sup> out 4 Sail to the
+Leeward Our Officers Concluded to Make Sail from her Supposing her to be
+a Frigate of 36 Guns after we Made Sail We Left as Fast as we wanted She
+Gave Over Chase at two oClock Afternoon She was the Seaford of 28 Guns.</p>
+
+<p>22<sup>nd</sup> Sprung our Maintop sail Yard.</p>
+
+<p>28<sup>th</sup> Made the Land at Port Royal.</p>
+
+<p>29<sup>th</sup> the Ship Struck Bottom Thrice.</p>
+
+<p>30<sup>th</sup> Came over the Bar this Morning &amp; Arriv<sup>d</sup> in this Harbour In
+Company with the Ship Defence Com<sup>ed</sup> by Sam<sup>ll</sup> Smedly. Charlestown,
+S<sup>th</sup>. C<sup>na</sup>. May y<sup>e</sup> 30<sup>th</sup> 1778.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 40%;" />
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span></p>
+<h2>SAILING DIRECTIONS OF THE SECOND CRUISE.</h2>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img54.png" width="500" height="648" alt="table" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span></p>
+<p class="center"><strong>An Account of the Months, Days And Knots Run, by the Ship Oliver
+Cromwell in her Second Cruise.</strong></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/img55.png" width="400" height="224" alt="table" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>CONTRACT</h2>
+
+<h4>BETWEEN</h4>
+
+<h1>TIMOTHY BOARDMAN</h1>
+
+<h4>AND</h4>
+
+<h1>CAPT. PARKER.</h1>
+
+<h4>FOR THE THIRD CRUISE.</h4>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img4.png" width="500" height="94" alt="Page header" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+
+<p>Charlestown, July 6<sup>th</sup>, 1778.</p>
+
+<p>Conversation Between Cap<sup>t</sup> Parker &amp; My Self this Day.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 15%;" />
+
+<p>P<sup>r</sup>. What are you Doing a Shore.</p>
+
+<p>My Sf. I wanted to See You Sir.</p>
+
+<p>P<sup>r</sup>. Verry well.</p>
+
+<p>My Sf. The Term of my Inlistment is up &amp; I would be glad of a Discharge
+Sir.</p>
+
+<p>P<sup>r</sup>. I cannot Give you One, the Ship is in Distress Plumb has been
+trying to Get You away.</p>
+
+<p>My Sf. No Sir, I can have Good Wages here &amp; I think it Better than
+Privatiering I can<sup>t</sup> Think of Going for a Single Share I had a hard
+task Last Cruise &amp; they all Left me.</p>
+
+<p>P<sup>r</sup>. You have had a hard task of it &amp; I will Consider you. &amp; You Shall
+have as Much again as You Expect. Ranny &amp; those that Leave me without a
+Discharge will Never Get anything you Better go aboard Boardman. I will
+Consider you &amp; you,ll <em>Lose Nothing by it</em>.</p>
+
+<p>My Sf. I am Oblig<sup>d</sup> to you Sir. &amp; So went on Board.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>JOURNAL</h2>
+
+<h4>AND</h4>
+
+<h1>SAILING DIRECTIONS</h1>
+
+<h4>OF THE</h4>
+
+<h2>OLIVER CROMWELL</h2>
+
+<h3>THIRD CRUISE.</h3>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img5.png" width="500" height="125" alt="Page header" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h2>JOURNAL OF THE THIRD CRUISE.</h2>
+
+
+<p>July 24 Weigh<sup>d</sup> Anchor at 5 Fathom hole &amp; Came Over the Bar In
+Comp<sup>y</sup> with the Notredame a 16 Gun Brig &amp; two Sloops. Mett a French
+Ship of 28 Guns on the Bar Bound in.</p>
+
+<p>25<sup>th</sup> A Smooth Sea.</p>
+
+<p>29<sup>th</sup> Saw A Sail Gave Chace.</p>
+
+<p>30<sup>th</sup> Saw A Sail Gave Chace.</p>
+
+<p>31<sup>st</sup> Saw two Sail Gave Chace. Light winds.</p>
+
+<p>August 6th at half after Six Afternoon Saw a Sail &amp; Gave Chace, at 11
+Gave her a Bow Gun which Brought her too She was a Big from New Orleans
+in Missippi Bound to Cape Francois a Spainard Went on Board Kept her All
+Night &amp; Lett her Go at 10 <sup>o</sup>Clock the Next Day her Cargo was Furr &amp;
+Lumber She had Some Englismen on Board the Occasion of our Detaining her
+So Long.</p>
+
+<p>7<sup>th</sup> At 5 OClock Afternoon Made the Land the Island of Abaco.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span>
+8<sup>th</sup> at 10 <sup>o</sup>Clock Harbour Island Bore East Dis<sup>t</sup> 2 Leagues.</p>
+
+<p>9<sup>th</sup> Hard Gales of wind.</p>
+
+<p>10<sup>th</sup> Fresh Gales of wind &amp; Heavy Squals.</p>
+
+<p>11<sup>th</sup> Fresh Breeses &amp; a Rough Sea.</p>
+
+<p>12 at Six Afternoon Caught a Great Turtle which was Kook<sup>d</sup> the Next
+Day for the Entertainment of the Gentlemen of the Fleet No Less than 13
+Came on Board to Dine.</p>
+
+<p>14 At 2 oClock P M Harbour Island Bore SbW 1 League Dis<sup>t</sup> Sent the
+Yoll on Shore The Brig Sent her Boat a Shore too.</p>
+
+<p>15<sup>th</sup> The two Boats Returned with a two Mast Boat &amp; 4 Men Belonging to
+New Providence Squally Night &amp; Smart Thunder &amp; Lightning.</p>
+
+<p>16<sup>th</sup> Cros<sup>d</sup> the Bahama Banks from 8 Fathom of water to 3&frac34; Came
+to Anchor at Night on the Bank.</p>
+
+<p>17<sup>th</sup> Arriv<sup>d</sup> at the Abimenes Fill<sup>d</sup> our Water Cask &amp; Hogg<sup>d</sup>
+Ship &amp; Boot Top<sup>t</sup> the Ship.</p>
+
+<p>18<sup>th</sup> At Day Break Weigh<sup>d</sup> Anchor together with the Rice Thumper
+Fleet at Noon Parted with Them &amp; Fired 13 Guns the Other fir,d their
+Guns Which was a 16 Gun Brigg the Notredame Command by Cap<sup>t</sup> Hall A 10
+Gun Sloop Com<sup>d</sup> by Cap<sup>t</sup> Robberts A 12 Gun Sloop Com<sup>d</sup> by John
+Crappo or Petweet &amp; Stood to the westward a cross<sup>d</sup> the Gulf.</p>
+
+<p>19<sup>th</sup> at Day the Cape of Floriday bore west we stood for it a
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span>Cross<sup>d</sup> the Gulf we Came out of the Gulf in five fathom of Water &amp;
+Within 30 Rods of a Rieff in the Space of 15 Minutes in About a League
+of the Shore Which Surpris<sup>d</sup> the Capt. &amp; Other Officers we have the
+Ship in Stays &amp; beat off the wind being moderate.</p>
+
+<p>20<sup>th</sup> Saw a Sail &amp; Gave her Chace &amp; Came Up She was a Saniard a
+Palacca from Havanna Bound to Spain She Inform<sup>d</sup> us of the Jamaica
+Fleet that they Pass<sup>d</sup> the Havanna ten Days Back Which made us Give
+over the Hopes of Seeing them.</p>
+
+<p>22 Saw this Spaniard about a League to the Windward.</p>
+
+<p>23 a Sunday, Saw a Ships Mast in Forenoon &amp; Just at Night A Large
+Jamaica Puncheon Floating we hoisted out our Boat<sup>e</sup> &amp; went in Persuit
+of it but Could not Get it we Suppos<sup>d</sup> it was full of Rum this
+Afternoon a Large Swell brok &amp; Soon after A fine Breese Which
+Increas<sup>d</sup> harder in the Morn<sup>g</sup>.</p>
+
+<p>24<sup>th</sup> Sun about two hours high we Saw white water in About a Mile
+Under our Lee Bow we Saw the Breakers which was on the Bahama Banks
+which Surpris<sup>d</sup> our Officers &amp; Men Greatly we Put our Ship About &amp; had
+the Good Fortune to Clear them the wind Blew harder we Struck Top
+Gallant Yards &amp; Lanch<sup>d</sup> Top Gallant Masts Lay too Under one Leach of
+the Four Sail Got 6 Nine Pounders Down in the Lower hold &amp; Cleard the
+Decks of unecessary Lumber The Wind Continued verry hard The air was
+Verry Thick Just before Night the Sea Came in Over our Larboard Nettens
+on the Gangway. All the officers Advis<sup>d</sup> to Cut away the Main Mast
+which we Did, Just<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span>
+at Dusk, All the hope we had was that it would not
+Blow harder, but it Continued harder till After Midnight About one
+oClock it Seemd to Blow in whirlwinds which oblig<sup>d</sup> us to Cut away our
+Four Mast &amp; Missen Mast. Soon after the Wind Chang<sup>d</sup> to the Eastward
+which Greatly Encourag<sup>d</sup> us Being Much Affraid of the Bahama Banks the
+fore Mast fell to the windward &amp; Knock<sup>d</sup> our Anchor off the Bow So
+that we Cut it away for fear it would Make a hole in the Bow of the Ship
+our Fore Mast Lay along Side for two hours After it fell, it Being
+Impossible to Get Clear of it We Bent our Cables for fear of the Banks
+that we Might try to Ride it out if we Got on.</p>
+
+<p>25 Moderated Some But Verry Rough So that we Could Do no work.</p>
+
+<p>26 Got a Jury Mast Up on the Main Mast.</p>
+
+<p>27 Got up Jury Masts on the Fore &amp; Mison Masts.</p>
+
+<p>30 at 8 oClock in the Morning Saw a Brigg over our weather Bow 2 Leagues
+Dis<sup>t</sup> We Kept our Course She Stood the Same way Just at Night we gave
+her two Guns but She kept on at Night we Lost Sight of her.</p>
+
+<p>31<sup>st</sup> at 5 in the Morning Saw the Brigg a Head Gave her Chace Came up
+with her about Noon we hoisted our Colours She hoisted English Colours,
+we Gave her one gun which made them come Tumbling Down.</p>
+
+<p>Sep<sup>tr</sup> 1<sup>st</sup> We Saw a Sail a Head Giving us Chace She hoisted Englis
+Colours &amp; we &amp; the Brigg hoisted English Colours She Came Down towards
+us we Put the Ship about &amp; She Came Close too us we up Parts &amp; Our
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span>
+Colours She put about &amp; we Gave her about 12 Guns Bow Chaces &amp; She Got
+Clear She was a Small Sloop of 6 or 8 Guns.</p>
+
+<p>Sep<sup>t</sup> 2<sup>nd</sup> Got Soundings of Cape May 45 Fath<sup>m</sup>.</p>
+
+<p>Sep<sup>t</sup> 3<sup>rd</sup> at Night Lost Sight of The Prise.</p>
+
+<p>Sep<sup>t</sup> 4<sup>th</sup> Saw a Sail A Privatier Schoner She kept Round us all Day
+&amp; hoisted English Colours we hoisted English Colours but She thought
+Best Not to Speak with.</p>
+
+<p>Sep<sup>t</sup> 5<sup>th</sup> Made the Land at 9 oClock in the Morning the South Side
+of Long Island against South Hampton &amp; Came to Anchor Under Fishes
+Island at 12 oClock at Night Saw five Sail at 2 Afternoon Standing to
+the Westward two of them Ships.</p>
+
+<p>Sep<sup>t</sup> 6<sup>th</sup> 1778 New London. Arriv<sup>d</sup> in this Harbour.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 55%;" />
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span></p>
+<h2>SAILING DIRECTIONS OF THE THIRD CRUISE.</h2>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img68.png" width="500" height="523" alt="table" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</a></span></p>
+<p class="center"><strong>An Account of the Months, Days, &amp; Knots the Ship Olv<sup>r</sup> Cromwell Run
+the Third Cruise.</strong></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/img69.png" width="400" height="227" alt="table" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</a></span></p>
+<h1>GUNNER&#8217;S REMARKS.</h1>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img6.png" width="500" height="86" alt="Page header" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h2>REMARKS OF OUR GUNNER ON CHARLESTOWN, IN S. C.</h2>
+
+
+<p>Charlestown is Pleasantly Situated on Ashley River on verry low Land it
+was Extreamly well Built but the Fire which happen<sup>d</sup> in January last
+has Spoiled the Beauty of the Place, it may if times alter be as
+pleasant &amp; Beautifull with Regard to y<sup>e</sup> Buildings as ever. But I
+Cannot Behold such a Number of my fellow beings (altho Differing in
+Complexion) Dragged from the Place of their Nativity, brought into a
+Country not to be taught the Principles of Religion &amp; the Rights of
+Freeman, but to Be Slaves to Masters, who having Nothing but Interest in
+View without ever Weting their own Shoes, Drive these fellows to the
+Most Severe Services, I say I cannot behold these things without Pain.
+And Expressing my Sorrow that are Enlighten<sup>d</sup> People, a People
+Professing Christianity Should treat any of God&#8217;s creatures in Such a
+Manner as I have Seen them treated Since my arrival at this Place. &amp; I
+thank God who Gave me a Disposition to Prefer Freedom to Slavery.</p>
+
+<p>I have Just mentioned a People Professing Christianity. I believe there
+is a few who now &amp; then go to Church but by all the Observation I have
+been able to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span>
+make I find that Horse Racing, Frolicking Rioting Gaming
+of all Kinds Open Markets, and Traffick, to be the Chief Business of
+their Sabbaths. I am far from Supposing there is not a few Righteous
+there But was it to have the chance which Soddom had, that if there was
+five Righteous men it Should Save the City. I believe there would be
+only a Lot &amp; Family, &amp; his wife I should be afraid would Look Back.</p>
+
+<p>Another remark that I shall make is this, Marriage in Most Countrys is
+Deemed Sacred, and here there are many honourable and I believe happy
+Matches, But to see among the Commonalty a Man take a Woman without so
+much Ceremony as Jumping over a Broom Stick at the time of their
+Agreement, to see her Content herself to be his Slave to work hard to
+maintain him &amp; his Babs &amp; then to Content herself with a flogging if she
+only says a word out of Doors at the End of it, and then take his other
+Doxy who Perhaps has Served him well&mdash;and so one Lover to another,
+Succeeds another and another after that the last fool is as welcome as
+the former, till having liv,d hour out he Gives Place &amp; Mingles with the
+herd who went Before him. These things may to some People who are
+unacquainted with such Transactions appear Strange and Odd, but how
+shall I express myself&mdash;what Feelings have I had within myself to behold
+one of these Slaves or Rather whole Tribes of them belonging to one
+Master who Perhaps has the happiness of an Ofspring of beautifull
+Virgins whose Eyes must be continually assaulted with a Spectacle which
+Modesty forbids me to Mention. I
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</a></span>
+have Seen at a Tea table a Number of
+the fair Sex, which a Man of Sentiments would have almost Ador,d and a
+man of Modesty would not have been so Indecent as to have Unbutton<sup>d</sup>
+his knee to adjust his Garter&mdash;Yet have I Seen a Servant of both Sexes
+Enter in Such Dishabitable as to be oblig<sup>d</sup> to Display those Parts
+which ought to be Concealed. To see Men Approach the Room where those
+Angelick Creatures meet &amp; View those Beautifull Countenances &amp; Sparkling
+Eyes, which would almost tell You that they abhor,d the Cruel imposition
+of their Parents, who Perhaps Loaded with a Plentifull fortune, would
+not afford a decent Dress to their Servants to hide their Shame from
+such Sight I have turn<sup>d</sup> my Eyes. I would not mean to be two Severe
+nor have it thought but there are great numbers who have a Sence of the
+Necessity of a Due decorum keep their Servants in a Verry Genteel manner
+and do honor to their keepers but those who have Viewed such scenes as
+well as myself will testify to this Truth &amp; Say with me that Droll
+appearances would Present themselves to view that in Spite of all that I
+could Do would Oblige me to give a total grin, the Particular above
+mentioned altho they appear a Little forecast are absolutely matters of
+fact &amp; not Indeed to Convey any I<sup>ll</sup> Idea to y<sup>e</sup> mind.</p>
+
+<p>In a Commertial way by what little opportunity I have had to make any
+Remarks on them. I find that in Casting up their accounts that there are
+a Number which Deservs to be Put on y<sup>e</sup> C<sup>r</sup> Side. But money getting
+being Mankinds Universal harvest I find as
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</a></span>
+many Reapers as one would
+wish to see in Such an Open Field for every one to have a fare Sweep
+with the Sickle which as frequently cuts your purse Strings as anything
+Else, their Rakes are Most Excellent nothing is lost for want of
+geathering &amp; you may depend on it their Bins are so Close that But a
+trifle of what they Put in ever Comes out of the Cracks. Sometimes you
+will see a small Trifle peep its Nose out on a Billiard Table, now &amp;
+then the four knaves will tempt a Small Parcell to walk on the Table, &amp;
+I believe Black Gammon, Shuffle Board, horse Racing, &amp; that Noble Game
+of Roleing two Bullets on the Sandy Ground Where if there Should be
+y<sup>e</sup> Least Breath air it would Blind you all those would help a little
+of it to Move &amp; if I added Whoreing and Drinking they would Not Deny the
+Charge. If the things Mentioned above are to be Deemed Vices. I think no
+Person that Comes to Carolina will find any Scarcity, Provided they have
+such articles as Suits such a Market. I cannot from my hart Approve of
+their Method of Living&mdash;not but that their Provision is Wholesome but In
+Genral they Dont Coock it well. Rice bares the Sway, in Room of Bread,
+with any kind of victuals and Ever in Families of Fashion you will see a
+Rice Pudding (If it Deserves the Name) to be Eat as we do our Bread, I
+am affraid of Being too cencorious or I would Remark Numberless things
+which to a Person unacquainted with Place would even Look Childish to
+mention but as I only make this Obs<sup>n</sup> for my own amusement never
+Intending they Shall be ever seen but by Particular friends. I shall
+omit any niceities of Expressions and
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</a></span>
+Shall write a few more Simple
+facts I have seen Gamblers, Men Pretended Friends to you that would hug
+you in their Bosoms till they were Certain they had Gotten what they
+could from you, &amp; then for a Shilling would Cut Your Throat. I would not
+Mean by this to Convey the Idea of their being a Savage people in
+General. There are Gentlemen of Charracter &amp; who Ritchly Deserve the
+Name&mdash;but as there are Near Seven Blacks to one White Man, the
+Austerities used to the Slaves in their Possessions, is the Reason as I
+immagion of their looking on &amp; Behaving to a White Man who Differs from
+them in their Manners and not bred in their Country in a Way Not much
+Different from which they treats their Blacks. I Have been told that the
+Place is Much alterd from what it was Before the Present Dispute &amp; that
+a Number of the Best Part of People are Moved out of Charlestown for the
+honour of Charlestown. I will believe it and wish it may be Restor<sup>d</sup>
+to its Primitive Lusture. However let me not look all on the Dark Side
+there are Many things well worth Praise, there Publick Buildings are
+well finish<sup>d</sup> &amp; Calculated for the Convenience of Publick &amp; Private
+Affairs, their Churches make a verry fine Appearance and are finish<sup>d</sup>
+Agreeable to the Rules of Architecture. I do not Mean that they are the
+Most elegant I ever Saw, but so well Perform<sup>d</sup> as would Declare those
+who Reared them Good Artissts, the Streets are well Laid out &amp; a verry
+good Brick Walk on Each Side for foot Passengers, their Streets are not
+Pav<sup>d</sup> but Verry Sandy, and the heat of the Climate is Such that the
+Sand is Generally verry Disagreeable
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</a></span>&amp; Occasions
+a number of Insects
+Commonly Call<sup>d</sup> Sand flies, the Lowness of the Land and the Dead water
+in Different Places in the Town &amp; out of it Occasions another Breed of
+Insects well Known by the Name of Musketoes. These Creatures are well
+disciplined for they do Not Scout in private Places nor in Small
+Companies as tho Affraid to attack but Joining in as many Different
+Colloums as there are Openings to Your Dwellings they make a Desperate
+push and Seldom fail to Annoy their Enemy in Such a Manner that they
+leave their Adversary in a Scratching humor the Next Morning thro<sup>o</sup>
+Vexation. It would be endless to mention the advantages &amp; Disadvantages
+of the Place but this I am fully Assur<sup>d</sup> of. If the White People would
+be so Industrous as to till the Land themselves and see every thing Done
+so as to have less of those Miserable Slaves in the Country the Place to
+me would have a verry Different Appearance. I have heard it Alleg<sup>d</sup> as
+a Pretext for keeping so many Slaves that white People cannot Endure the
+heat of the Climate &amp; that there can be but verry little done without
+these Slaves, that there could be but a verry little done is to me a
+Matter of Doubt, but that there would be but Verry little If the People
+Retain their Luxury &amp; Love of all kinds of Sport is to me Beyond all
+doubt. I have Seen more Persons than a few worry themselves at Gaming In
+an Excessive hot Day in Such a Manner that a Moderate Days work would be
+a Pleasure to it. These things have convinc<sup>d</sup> me of the Foolish wicked
+and Absurd Notions which People seem to have Adopted in General that
+Because these Issacars are
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</a></span>
+like Issacars of Old. Strong Asser Couching
+Down between two Burthens and have not Got the means of Preserving their
+Liberty were they Ever So Desirous of it and are kept in Such a
+miserable manner as never to know the Blessings of it. I say these
+things have Convinc<sup>d</sup> me of the Notorious Violation of the Rights of
+Mankind and which I think no Rational Man will Ever try to Justify.
+America my Earnest Prayer is that thou mayst preserve thy Own Freedom
+from any Insolvent Invaders who may attempt to Rob the of the Same&mdash;but
+be Sure to let Slavery of all kinds ever be Banish<sup>d</sup> from thy
+habbittations.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 25em;">Fins Camsiocelo.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</a></span></p>
+<h1>SONGS.</h1>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/img7.png" width="500" height="161" alt="Page header" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h2>A SEAMAN&#8217;S SONG.</h2>
+
+<div class="box">
+
+<p class="center">1</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    Come all you Joval Seaman, with Courage Stout &amp; bold<br />
+    that Value more your Honour, than Mysers do their Gold<br />
+    When we Receive Our Orders, we are Oblig<sup>d</sup> to go<br />
+    O&#8217;er the Main to Proud Spain, Let the Winds Blow high or Low.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">2</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    It was the fifteenth of September, from Spithead we Sat Sail<br />
+    we had Rumbla in our Company, Blest with a Pleasant Gale<br />
+    we Sailed away together, for the Bay of Biscay, o<br />
+    Going along Storms Come on, and the winds Began to Blow.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">3</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    The winds and Storms increas<sup>d</sup> the Bumbla Bore away<br />
+    and left the Cantaborough, for No Longer Could She Stay<br />
+    &amp; when they Came to Gibralter, they told the People So<br />
+    that they thought we were Lost, in the Bay of Biscay, O.</p>
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</a></span></p>
+<p class="center">4</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    But as Providence would have it, it was not quite so Bad<br />
+    But first we lost our Missen Mast, and then went off our Flag<br />
+    the Next we Lost our Main Mast, one of our Guns also<br />
+    With five Men, Drowned then, in the Bay of Biscay, O.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">5</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    The Next we Lost our foremast, which was a Dreadfull Stroke<br />
+    and in our Larboar Quarter, a Great hole there was Broke<br />
+    and then the Seas come Roleing in, our Gun Room it Did flow<br />
+    Thus we Rold and we told, in the Bay of Biscay, O.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">6</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    It was Dark and Stormy Weather, Sad and Gloomy Night<br />
+    Our Captain on the Quarter Deck, that Day was kill<sup>d</sup> Outrite<br />
+    the Rings that on his fingers were, in Pieces burst Also<br />
+    Thus we were in Dispare, in the Bay of Biscay, O.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">7</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    But when we Came to Gibralter, and lay in our New Hold<br />
+    the People they Came flocking Down, our Ship for to Behold<br />
+    they Said it was the Dismalest Sight, that Ever they Did know<br />
+    We never Pind, But Drunk Wine, till we Drowned all our Woe.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</a></span></p>
+<h2>A COUNTRY SONG.</h2>
+
+<div class="box">
+<p class="center">1</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    On the Sweet Month of May we&#8217;ll Repair to the Mountain<br />
+    And Set we Down there by a Clear Crystial fountain<br />
+    Where the Cows sweetly Lowing In a Dewy Morning<br />
+    Where Phebus oer the Hills and Meddow are Adorning.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">2</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    A Sweet Country Life is Delightfull and Charming<br />
+    Walking abroad in a Clear Summer&#8217;s Morning<br />
+    O your Towns and Your Cities Your Lofty high Towers<br />
+    Are not to be Compar,d with Shades &amp; Green Bowers.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">3</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 11em;">
+    O Little I regard your Robes and fine Dresses<br />
+    Your Velvets &amp; Scarlets and Other Excesses<br />
+    My own Country Fashions to me is More Endearing<br />
+    Than your Pretty Prisemantle or your Bantle Cloth Wearing.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's Log-book of Timothy Boardman, by Samuel W Boardman
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+Project Gutenberg's Log-book of Timothy Boardman, by Samuel W Boardman
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Log-book of Timothy Boardman
+       Kept On Board The Privateer Oliver Cromwell, During A
+       Cruise From New London, Ct., to Charleston, S. C., And
+       Return, In 1778; Also, A Biographical Sketch of The Author.
+
+Author: Samuel W Boardman
+
+Release Date: July 12, 2008 [EBook #26040]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LOG-BOOK OF TIMOTHY BOARDMAN ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Robert Cicconetti, Anne Storer and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+book was produced from scanned images of public domain
+material from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Transcriber's Notes:
+ 1) Characters following ^ are supercripted-in the case of
+    ^oClock, it is just the "o".
+ 2) Inconsistent spellings and hyphenations have been left
+    as printed.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+ LOG-BOOK
+ OF
+ TIMOTHY BOARDMAN;
+
+ KEPT ON BOARD THE PRIVATEER OLIVER CROMWELL,
+ DURING A CRUISE FROM NEW LONDON, CT.,
+ TO CHARLESTON, S. C., AND RETURN, IN 1778;
+
+
+ ALSO,
+
+ A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
+ OF THE AUTHOR.
+
+ BY THE REV. SAMUEL W. BOARDMAN, D.D.
+
+
+ ISSUED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE RUTLAND
+ COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
+
+
+ ALBANY, N. Y.:
+ JOEL MUNSELL'S SONS.
+ 1885.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+Under the auspices of the Rutland County Historical Society, is
+published the Log-Book of Timothy Boardman, one of the pioneer settlers
+of the town of Rutland, Vermont. This journal was kept on board the
+privateer, Oliver Cromwell, during two cruises; the second one from New
+London, Conn., to Charleston, S. C.; the third from Charleston to New
+London, in the year 1778. It seems that the Log-Book of the first cruise
+was either lost, never kept, or Mr. Boardman was not one of the crew to
+keep it. It was kept as a private diary without any view to its ever
+being published.
+
+When this manuscript, on coarse, unruled paper, was brought to light, it
+came to the knowledge of the officers of the county historical society,
+who, at once, decided that it was a document of considerable value and
+should be published. Correspondence was accordingly opened with the
+Rev. Samuel W. Boardman, D.D., of Stanhope, New Jersey, a grandson of
+Timothy, to whom this document properly belonged, asking his permission
+to allow the society to publish it. The Reverend Doctor immediately gave
+his consent; and in his own words: "Supposed it was largely dry details.
+Still these may throw side lights of value, on the history of the
+times." At the same time he also consented to furnish a biographical
+sketch of his grandfather to be published with the Log-Book. Accordingly
+the sketch was prepared, but it proves to be not only a sketch, but a
+valuable genealogy of that branch of the Boardman family. This sketch
+was collected from many sources, mostly from manuscripts.
+
+The Boardmans in Rutland county are all known as a strictly industrious,
+upright, religious, scholarly race; and they are so interwoven with the
+early history, business and educational interests of the county, that
+this document must meet with general favor and interest.
+
+                           JOHN M. CURRIER,
+                    _Sec. of the Rutland County_
+                        _Historical Society._
+
+
+
+
+ BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
+ OF
+ DEA. TIMOTHY BOARDMAN.
+
+ BY
+ REV. SAMUEL W. BOARDMAN, D.D.
+
+ Stanhope, New Jersey.
+
+
+
+
+BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.
+
+
+There is still preserved a letter from England, written in a fine hand,
+with red ink, dated Obeydon? Feb. 5, 1641, and directed,
+
+    "to her very loveing sonne
+          SAMUEL BOREMAN,
+      Ipswich in New England
+          give this with
+              haste."
+
+The letter is as follows:
+
+"Good sonne, I have receaved your letter: whereby I understand that you
+are in good health, for which I give God thanks, as we are all--Praised
+be God for the same. Whereas you desire to see your brother Christopher
+with you, he is not ready for so great a journey, nor do I think he dare
+take upon him so dangerous a voyage. Your five sisters are all alive and
+in good health and remember their love to you. Your father hath been
+dead almost this two years, and thus troubleing you no further at this
+time, I rest, praying to God to bless you and your wife, unto whome we
+all kindly remember our loves.
+
+    Your ever loving mother,
+                 "JULIAN BORMAN."
+
+This letter exhibits many of the characteristics of the Puritans to whom
+the Bormans belonged. They were intensely religious; this short letter
+contains the name of God three times and speaks of both prayer and
+praise. The Puritans were an intelligent people, reading and writing;
+this letter is a specimen of the correspondence carried on between the
+earliest settlers and their kindred whom they had left in England. They
+were an affectionate people, "remembering their loves" to one another;
+and praying, for one another, as this mother did for her son and his
+wife. This short letter has the word "love" four times.
+
+They were a persistent people, those who came hither did not shrink from
+the hardships around them. They came to stay, and sent back for their
+friends. Samuel desired Christopher to follow him. Many of their
+families were large, there were at least nine members of this Puritan
+household. Samuel was born probably about 1610; he had emigrated from
+England in 1635 or 1636. His name is found at Ipswich, Mass., about 1637
+where land was assigned to him. Ipswich had been organized in 1635 with
+some of the most intelligent and wealthy colonists. His father died
+after Samuel's emigration to America, in 1639. His wife's name was Mary;
+their oldest child, so far as we have record, was Isaac, born at
+Wethersfield, Ct., Feb. 3, 1642. He probably journeyed through the
+wilderness from Ipswich, Mass., which is twenty-six miles north of
+Boston, to Wethersfield, Ct., about one hundred and fifty miles, in 1639
+or 1640.
+
+Between 1630 and 1640 many of the best families in England sent
+representatives to America. It is said that Oliver Cromwell was at one
+time on the point of coming. Between February and August, 1630,
+seventeen ships loaded with families, bringing their cattle, furniture
+and other worldly goods, arrived. One ship of four hundred tons brought
+one hundred and forty passengers, others perhaps a larger number. Among
+them were Matthew and Priscilla Grant, from whom Gen. Grant was of the
+eighth generation in descent. Bancroft says, "Many of them had been
+accustomed to ease and affluence; an unusual proportion were graduates
+of Cambridge and Oxford. The same rising tide of strong English sense
+and piety, which soon overthrew tyranny forever in the British Isles,
+under Cromwell, was forcing the best blood in England to these shores."
+The shores of New England says George P. Marsh, were then sown with the
+finest of wheat; Plymouth Rock had but just received the pilgrims; the
+oldest cottages and log-cabins on the coast were yet new, when Samuel
+Boreman first saw them. The Puritans were a people full of religion,
+ministers came with their people; they improved the time on the voyage,
+Roger Clap's diary, kept on shipboard 1630, says, "So we came by the
+good hand of our God through the deep _comfortably_, having preaching
+and expounding of the word of God _every day for ten weeks_ together by
+our ministers." Mr. Blaine says that the same spirit which kept
+Cromwell's soldiers at home to fight for liberty after 1640, impelled
+men to America before that time, so that there was probably never an
+emigration, in the history of the world, so influential as that to New
+England from 1620 to 1643.
+
+It is possible that Christopher Boreman fought and perhaps fell in the
+army of the commonwealth. But why did so many of the early settlers,
+quickly leave the Atlantic coast for the Connecticut valley? Their first
+historians say there was even then "a hankering for new land." They
+wished also to secure it from occupation by the Dutch who were entering
+it. Reports of its marvelous fertility, says Bancroft, had the same
+effect on their imagination, as those concerning the Genesee and Miami
+have since exerted, inducing the "western fever," "Young man go West."
+The richness of the soil of the Wethersfield meadows has been celebrated
+as widely as the aroma of its onions. It is only three miles from
+Hartford and was for two centuries one of the most prominent communities
+in Connecticut. There was scarcely a more cultured society anywhere. "It
+were a sin," said the early colonists "to leave so fertile a land
+unimproved." The Pequod war had annihilated a powerful and hostile tribe
+on the Thames in 1637. Six hundred Indians perished, only two whites
+were killed. Connecticut was long after that comparatively safe from
+Indians. In 1639, the people formed themselves into a body politic by a
+voluntary association. The elective franchise belonged to all the
+members of the towns who had taken the oath of allegiance to the
+commonwealth. It was the most perfect democracy which had ever been
+organized. It rested on free labor. "No jurisdiction of the English
+monarch was recognized; the laws of honest justice were the basis of
+their commonwealth. They were near to nature. These humble emigrants
+invented an admirable system. After two centuries and a half, the people
+of Connecticut desire no essential change from the government
+established by their Puritan fathers." (Bancroft).
+
+The first emigration of Puritans to the Connecticut river is supposed to
+have been to "Pyquag," now Wethersfield, in 1634. The next year 1635,
+witnessed the first to Windsor and Hartford; while in the following year
+1636, Rev. Thomas Hooker and his famous colony made the forest resound
+with psalms of praise, as in June, they made their pilgrimage from the
+seaside "to the delightful banks" of the Connecticut. Hooker was
+esteemed, "The light of the western churches," and a lay associate, John
+Haynes, had been governor of Massachusetts. The church at Wethersfield
+was organized while Mrs. Boreman's letter given above, was on its way,
+Feb. 28, 1641; Samuel and Mary Boreman were undoubtedly among its
+earliest members. His first pastor there was Rev. Richard Denton,
+whom Cotton Mather describes, as "a little man with a great soul, an
+accomplished mind in a lesser body, an Iliad in a nutshell; blind of an
+eye, but a great seer; seeing much of what eye hath not seen." In the
+deep forests, amid the cabins of settlers, and the wigwams of savages,
+he composed a system of Divinity entitled "Soliloquia Sacra." Rev. John
+Sherman, born in Dedham, England, Dec. 26, 1613, educated at Cambridge,
+who came to America in 1634, also preached here for a short time. He
+was afterwards settled at Watertown Mass., had twenty-two children and
+died in 1685. The colony at New Haven, which was soon united with them,
+was founded in 1638, under Rev. John Davenport and Gov. Theophilus
+Eaton. They first met under an oak and afterward in a barn. After a day
+of fasting and prayer they established their first civil government on a
+simple plantation covenant "to obey the Scriptures." Only church members
+had the franchise; the minister gave a public charge to the governor to
+judge righteously, with the text: "The cause that is too hard for you
+bring it unto me, and I will hear it," "Thus," says Bancroft, "New Haven
+made the Bible its statute book, and the elect its freemen." The very
+atmosphere of New Haven is still full of the Divine favor distilled
+from the honor thus put upon God's word in the foundation of its
+institutions. There were five capital qualities which greatly
+distinguished the early New England Puritans. I. Good intellectual
+endowments; they were of the party of Milton and Cromwell. II. Intense
+religiousness; the names Pilgrim and Puritan, are synonymous with
+zealous piety. III. Education; many were graduates of colleges; they
+founded Harvard in 1636. IV. Business thrift; godliness has the promise
+of the world that now is, as well as of that which is to come. V. Public
+spirit; they immediately built churches, schools, court houses, and
+state houses.
+
+The newly married son to whom Julian Borman, the Puritan widow, with
+seven children, wrote from England in 1641, obviously partook of these
+common characteristics. He was soon recognized as a young man to be
+relied upon. "Few of the first settlers of Connecticut," says Hinman,
+author of the genealogy of the Puritans, "came here with a better
+reputation, or sustained it more uniformly through life."
+
+In 1646-7-8. He was a juror.
+
+1649. Appointed by the Gen. Court, sealer of weights and measures.
+
+1657-8-9-60-61-62-63, and many years afterward, representative of
+Wethersfield in the Legislature of Connecticut, styled "Deputy to the
+General Court."
+
+Hinman says, few men, if any, in the colony, represented their own town
+for so many sessions.
+
+1660. On the grand jury of the colony.
+
+1670. Nominated assistant.
+
+1662. Distributor of William's estate.
+
+1662. Appointed by Gen. Court on committee to pay certain taxes.
+
+1665. Chairman of a committee appointed by the Legislature, to settle
+with the Indians the difficulty about the bounds of land near
+Middletown, "in an equitable way."
+
+1660. On a similar committee to purchase of the Indians Thirty Mile
+Island.
+
+1665. Chairman of a committee of the Legislature to report on land,
+petitioned for by G. Higby.
+
+1663. Appointed chairman of committee to lay out the bounds of
+Middletown.
+
+He died just two hundred and twelve years ago in April, 1673. His estate
+was appraised by the selectmen of Wethersfield, May 2, 1673 at L742,
+15_s_, about $4,000. His son Isaac then 31 years old is not named in the
+settlement of the estate, and had perhaps received his patrimony. He had
+ten children, seven sons and three daughters, of whom the youngest was
+six years old; he had three grandchildren, the children of his oldest
+son, Isaac. All his children received scriptural names, as was common in
+Puritan families. His descendants are now doubtless several thousands in
+number. Only a very small part, after two hundred and fifty years, of a
+man's descendants bear his name. His daughters and their descendants,
+his sons' daughters and their descendants, one-half, three-quarters,
+seven-eights, diverge from the ancestral name, etc., till but a
+thousandth part, after a few centuries retain the ancestral name, and
+those who retain it owe to a hundred others as much of their lineage as
+to him. Such is God's plan; the race are endlessly interwoven together;
+no man liveth unto himself. But a few comparatively, of the descendants
+of Samuel Borman can now be traced. His own name, however, has been
+carried by them into the United States Senate; into the lower house of
+Congress; into many State Legislatures; to the bar and to the bench;
+into many pulpits, and into several chairs of collegiate and
+professional instruction. Yet these can represent but a few of his
+descendants who have been equally useful. Probably a larger number of
+them are still to be found in Connecticut than in any other state. Among
+them is the family of Rev. Noah Porter, D. D., LL. D., the President of
+Yale College, who married a daughter of Rev. Dr. N. W. Taylor. The
+prayers of Julian Borman for "her good sonne"--"her very loving sonne,
+Samuel Boreman" already reach, under the covenant promise of Him who
+remembers mercy to a thousand generations, a widely scattered family.
+
+In the above letter the name is spelled both with and without the letter
+"_e_" after "_r_;" the letter "_d_" is not found until 1712. The letter
+"_a_," was not inserted until 1750; so that the descendants of Samuel,
+may still bear all these names, Borman, Boreman, Bordman or Boardman,
+according to the generation at which the line traced, reaches the parent
+stock. It is said that the name, however spelled, is still pronounced
+"Borman," at Wethersfield. The rise of Cromwell in England, the long
+Parliament, the Westminster Assembly, the execution of Charles the
+First, the establishment of the commonwealth, its power by sea and land,
+the death of the Protector, the restoration of Charles the Second, were
+events of which Samuel must have heard by letter from his brother and
+sisters, as well as in other ways. He doubtless had numerous kinsmen on
+the side of both his father and his mother, who were involved in these
+movements of the times in England. Perhaps Richard Boardman, one of the
+first two "Traveling Methodist Preachers on the continent," who came
+here from England in 1769, was among the descendants.
+
+At the same time the pioneer legislator in the Colonial General Court
+just established in the wilds of America, was aiding to lay Scriptural
+foundations for institutions of civil and religious liberty in the New
+World. He left a Thomas Boreman, perhaps an uncle, in Ipswich, Mass.
+During the thirty-seven years of his life, after his emigration, he saw
+new colonies planted at many points along the Atlantic coast. He saw the
+older colonies constantly strengthened by fresh arrivals, and by the
+natural increase of the population. Several other Boremans came to
+New England very early, some of whom may have been his kindred. He
+accumulated and left a considerable estate for that day, derived in part
+undoubtedly, from the increase in the value of the new lands, which he
+had at first occupied, and which he afterward sold at an advanced price.
+Some in every generation, of his descendants have done likewise; going
+first north, and east, and then further and further west. One of the
+descendants of his youngest son Nathaniel, now living, a man of
+distinguished ability, Hon. E. J. H. Boardman of Marshalltown, Iowa,
+is said to have amassed in this manner a large fortune.
+
+Samuel Boreman died far from his early home and kindred. He was not
+buried beside father or mother, or by the graves of ancestors who had
+for centuries lived and died and been buried there; but on a continent
+separated from them by a great ocean. He was doubtless buried on the
+summit of the hill in the old cemetery at Wethersfield, in a spot which
+overlooks the broad and fertile meadows of the Connecticut river. In the
+same plot his children and grandchildren lie, with monuments, though
+no monument marks his own grave. In his childhood, he may have seen
+Shakespeare and Bacon. He lived cotemporary with Cromwell; and Milton,
+who died, a year after he was buried at Wethersfield. His wife Mary, the
+mother of us all, died eleven years later, in 1684, leaving an estate
+of $1,300. As his body was lowered into the grave, his widow and ten
+children may have stood around it, the oldest, Isaac, aged 31, with his
+two or three little children; the second, Mary, Mrs. Robbins, at the age
+of twenty-nine; Samuel, Jr., twenty-five; Joseph twenty-three; John
+twenty-one; Sarah, eighteen; Daniel, fifteen; Jonathan, thirteen;
+Nathaniel, ten; Martha, seven. Most of these children lived to have
+families, and left children, whose descendants now doubtless number
+thousands. Isaac had three sons and one daughter and died in 1719, at
+the age of seventy-seven. Samuel had two sons and three daughters, and
+died in 1720, at seventy-two years of age. Daniel, then fifteen; from
+whom Timothy Boardman, the author of the Log-Book, was descended; had
+twelve children, nine sons and three daughters, and died in 1724, at the
+age of seventy-six. Jonathan had two sons and three daughters, and died
+September 21, 1712, at the age of fifty-one. Nathaniel married in
+Windsor, at the age of forty-four, and had but one son, Nathaniel, and
+died two months after his next older brother Jonathan, perhaps of a
+contagious disease, November 29, 1712; at the age of forty-nine. The
+descendants of Nathaniel are now found in Norwich, Vt., and elsewhere;
+and those of Samuel in Sheffield, Mass., and elsewhere. But the later
+descendants of the other sons, except Samuel, Daniel and Nathaniel, and
+of the daughters, I have no means of tracing. They are scattered in
+Connecticut and widely in other states. During the lives of this second
+generation occurred King Phillip's war, which decimated the New England
+Colonies, and doubtless affected this family with others. Within their
+time also, Yale College was founded, and went into operation first at
+Wethersfield, close by the original Borman homestead.
+
+The writer of this has made sermons in the old study of Rector Williams,
+the president of the college, near the old Boardman house, which was
+standing in 1856, the oldest house in Wethersfield. The second
+generation of Boardmans, of course occupied more "new lands." Daniel,
+the fifth son of Samuel, owned land in Litchfield and New Milford, then
+new settlements, as well as in Wethersfield. Jonathan married in
+Hatfield, Mass.
+
+The third generation, the grandchildren of Samuel, the names of
+twenty-nine of whom (seventeen grandsons and twelve grand-daughters),
+all children of Samuel's five sons, are preserved; went out to occupy
+territory still further from home. We have little account however,
+except of the nine sons of Daniel, the seventh child of Samuel. Daniel
+the great-grandfather of Timothy, the author of the Log-Book, was
+married to Hannah Wright just a hundred years before the marriage of
+that great-grandson, June 8, 1683, while the war-whoop of King Phillip's
+Narraganset savages was still resounding through the forest. Of his
+twelve children, two sons, John and Charles, died before reaching full
+maturity, John at the age of nineteen, near the death of two of his
+uncles, Jonathan and Nathaniel, in 1712; and Charles the youngest child,
+at the age of seventeen, very near the time of his father's death, in
+1724. One son died in infancy. Of his daughters, Mabel, married Josiah
+Nichols, and for her second husband John Griswold of New Milford; Hannah
+married John Abbe of Enfield; and Martha married Samuel Churchill of
+Wethersfield. Of his six surviving sons, Richard was settled at
+Wethersfield; he married in Milford, and had three children. His second
+son Daniel, born July 12, 1687, was graduated at Yale College in 1709,
+became the first minister of New Milford in 1712 and died in the
+ministry with his people, August 25, 1744. Hinman says: "He gave
+character and tone to the new settlement, by his devotion and active
+service."
+
+He was a man of deep piety, and of great force of character. It is
+related that an Indian medicine man, and this Puritan pastor met by the
+sick-bed of the same poor savage. The Indian raised his horrid clamor
+and din, which was intended to exorcise according to their customs the
+evil spirit of the disease. At the same time Mr. Boardman lifted up his
+voice in prayer to Him who alone can heal the sick. The conflict of
+rival voices waxed long and loud to see which should drown out the
+other. Mr. Boardman was blessed with unusual power of lungs like his
+nephew Rev. Benjamin Boardman, tutor at Yale and pastor in Hartford, who
+for his immense volume of voice, while a chaplain in the Revolutionary
+army was called by the patriots the "Great gun of the gospel." The
+defeated charmer, acknowledged himself outdone and bounding from the
+bedside hid his defeat in the forest. Mr. Boardman died about the time
+his parishioners and neighbors were on the famous expedition to Cape
+Breton and the capture of Louisburg and when Whitfield's preaching was
+arousing the church. He was twice married and had six children. His
+second wife, the mother of all but his oldest child was a widow, Mrs.
+Jerusha Seeley, one of nine daughters of Deacon David Sherman of
+Poquonnoch. Their children were:
+
+I. Penelopy, Mrs. Dr. Carrington.
+
+II. Tamar, wife of Mr. Boardman's successor in the pastorate at New
+Milford, Rev. Nathaniel Taylor; mother of Major-General Augustine
+Taylor, of the war of 1812; and grandmother of Prof. Nathaniel W.
+Taylor, D.D., of New Haven.
+
+III. Mercy, the wife of Gillead Sperry, and grandmother of Rev. Dr.
+Wheaton of Hartford.
+
+IV. Jerusha, wife of Rev. Daniel Farrand of Canaan, Ct., and mother of
+Hon. Daniel Farrand (Yale, 1781), Judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont.
+This judge had nine daughters, one of whom married Hon. Stephen Jacobs,
+of Windsor, also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont.
+
+Rev. Daniel Boardman left but one son, the Hon. Sherman Boardman, who
+was but sixteen years old at the time of his father's death. From the
+age of twenty-one he was for forty-seven years constantly in civil or
+military office. He was for twenty-one sessions a member of the General
+Assembly of Connecticut, of which his great-grandfather Samuel, had been
+so long a member. His four sons, Major Daniel (Yale, 1781), Elijah,
+Homer, and David Sherman (Yale, 1793), were all members of the
+Connecticut Legislature, in one or both branches, for many years. Elijah
+was also elected a United States Senator, from Connecticut in 1821. He
+founded Boardman, Ohio, and died while on a visit there Aug. 18, 1823.
+His son, William W. Boardman (Yale, 1812), was speaker of the house of
+the Connecticut Legislature, and elected to Congress in 1840. He left
+an ample fortune, and his large and comely monument stands near the
+centre of the old historic cemetery of New Haven, Ct., in which city he
+resided. This branch of the family, second cousins of the author of the
+Log-Book, though descended from the Puritan pastor Daniel Boardman, are
+now associated with the Protestant Episcopal church.
+
+The brothers of the pastor, grandsons of Samuel, were scattered in
+various places. Richard settled in Wethersfield, as already noticed.
+Israel settled at Stratford, and had two sons and one daughter. Joshua,
+received by his father's will the homestead, but afterward removed to
+Springfield, Mass. Benjamin settled at Sharon, and received from his
+father lands in Litchfield and New Milford, lands which the family had
+probably purchased while the son and brother was preaching there.
+Timothy, the ninth child of Daniel, only twelve years old when his
+brother became pastor at New Milford, died only a few days before the
+birth of his namesake, and first grandchild, the author of the Log-Book.
+He lived and died in Wethersfield. His enterprise however, like that of
+his grandfather who emigrated from England, and that of his father who
+acquired lands in Litchfield and New Milford, went out, as that of many
+of their descendants does to-day, in the west, for "more land." He and
+his brother Joshua, and other thrifty citizens of Wethersfield, fixed
+upon the province of Maine as the field of their enterprise. Timothy and
+Joshua owned the tract of land, thirty miles from north to south, and
+twenty-eight from east to west, which now, apparently, constitutes
+Lincoln Co. They had a clear title to eight hundred and forty square
+miles, about twenty-two townships, along or near the Atlantic coast. By
+the census of 1880, the assessed valuation of real estate in this county
+was $4,737,807; of personal property $1,896,886. Total $6,634,693. It
+embraces 3,213 farms; 146,480 acres of improved land, valued, including
+buildings and fences at $4,403,985; affording an annual production,
+valued at $759,560. The population was 24,326 of whom 23,756 were
+natives of Maine.
+
+This tract which should have been called "Boardman county," had been
+originally purchased of the Indians by one John Brown, probably as early
+as the close of King Phillip's war. It was purchased by the Boardman
+brothers in 1732, from the great-grandchildren of John Brown, requiring
+a considerable number of deeds which are now on record in the county
+clerk's office at York, Maine. These deeds were from Wm. Huxley, Eleazar
+Stockwell, and many others, heirs of John Brown, and of Richard Pearse
+his son-in-law. Two of them show $2,000 each as the sums paid for their
+purchase.
+
+William Frazier, a grandson of Timothy, and an own cousin of the
+author of the Log-Book, received something more than two townships, and
+although German intruders early settled upon these lands, many of whose
+descendants are now among the leading citizens of that county, yet there
+seems to be little reason to doubt that if, after the close of the
+Revolutionary war, the author of the Log-Book and other heirs had gone
+in quest of those ample possessions, something handsome, perhaps half of
+the county, might have been secured. There is a tradition that the true
+owners were betrayed as non-resident owners of unimproved lands often
+are, by their legal agents, who accepted of bribes to defraud those
+whose interests they had promised to secure.
+
+Timothy Boardman 1st, died in mid-life, at the age of fifty-three, and
+this noble inheritance was lost to his heirs. The county became thickly
+settled, and the Boardman titles though acknowledged valid, were it is
+said, confiscated by the Legislature of Massachusetts in favor of the
+actual occupants of the soil, as the shortest though unjust settlement
+of the difficulty.
+
+The fourth generation, the great-grandsons of Samuel included several
+men of prominence, some of whom have been already noticed. Hon. Sherman
+Boardman of New Milford; Rev. Benjamin Boardman, the army chaplain, of
+Hartford, and others. The majority of the family, however, were plain
+and undistinguished men of sterling Puritan qualities, and of great
+usefulness in their several spheres, in the church and in society. Many
+were deacons and elders in their churches, these were too numerous for
+further especial mention, except in a single line. The third child of
+Timothy, the Maine land proprietor, only four years old when Lincoln
+Co., Me. was purchased by his father, became a carpenter, ship-builder
+and cabinet maker, and settled in Middletown, Ct., which his
+great-grandfather Samuel had surveyed nearly a century before. He
+married Jemima Johnson, Nov. 14, 1751, and his oldest child, born Jan.
+20, 1754, was the author of the Log-Book. The preaching of Whitfield,
+and the "Great Awakening" of the American churches, North, South and
+Central, at this time, and for a whole generation, immediately preceding
+the Revolutionary war, had very much quickened the religious life even
+of the children of the New England Puritans. The Boardman family
+obviously felt the influence of this great revival. The country was
+anew pervaded with intense religious influences.
+
+Many letters and other papers remain from different branches of the
+family of this and of more recent dates, exhibiting a deeply religious
+spirit. The boy Timothy grew up in an atmosphere filled with such
+influences. Many of the habits and feelings brought by the Puritans from
+England still prevailed. To the day of his death he retained much of the
+spirit of those early associations. He left a double portion to his
+oldest son. He inherited the traits of the Puritans; intelligence;
+appreciation of education; deference for different ages and relations in
+society; piety, industry, economy and thrift. His advantages at school
+in the flourishing village of Middletown must have been exceptionally
+good; he early learned to write in an even, correct and handsome hand,
+which he retained for nearly three-quarters of a century; his school
+book on Navigation is before me.
+
+More attention was paid to a correct and handsome chirography, at that
+time, the boyhood of Washington, Jefferson, Sherman and Putnam, than at
+a later day when a larger range of studies had been introduced. "The
+Young Secretary's Guide," a volume of model letters, business forms,
+etc., is preserved; it bears on the first leaf "Timothy Boardman, his
+Book, A.D. 1765." The hand is copy-like, and very handsome, and
+extraordinary if it is his, as it seems to be; though he was then but
+eleven years old. A large manuscript volume of Examples in Navigation,
+obviously in his handwriting, doubtless made in his youth, is also
+before me. The writing and diagrams are like copper-plate. No descendant
+of his, so far as known to the writer could have exceeded it in
+neatness and skill. In his early boyhood the French and Indian war
+filled the public mind with excitement; reports of the exploits of Col.
+Israel Putnam were circulated, as they occurred. The conquest of Canada
+under Gen. Wolf filled the colonies with pride and patriotism. But
+already disaffection between the mother country and the colonies had
+arisen. Resistance to the tea tax and other offensive measures were
+discussed at every fireside. The writer before he was seven years old
+caught from the author of the Log-Book, then over eighty, something of
+the indignant feeling toward England which the latter had acquired at
+the very time when the tea was thrown overboard into Boston harbor.
+Timothy Boardman was ripe for participation in armed resistance when
+the war came. He was just twenty-one as the first blood was shed at
+Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775. Putnam who had left his plow in
+the furrow, was with his Connecticut soldiers, in action, if not in
+chief command at Bunker hill. Timothy Boardman joined the army which
+invested Boston, under Washington in the winter of 1775-1776. He was
+stationed, doubtless with a Connecticut regiment, on Dorchester Heights,
+now South Boston.
+
+After completing this service, in the great uprising of the people to
+oppose the southward progress of Burgoyne, he was called out and marched
+toward Saratoga, but the surrender took place before his regiment
+arrived. With his father he had worked at finishing houses, and the
+inside of vessels built on the Connecticut river, on which Middletown
+is situated. In the winter he was employed largely in cabinet work, in
+the shop; I have the chest which he made and used on the _Oliver
+Cromwell_.
+
+Congress early adopted the policy of sending out privateers or armed
+vessels to capture British merchant vessels. These vessels became prizes
+for the captors. The _Oliver Cromwell_ was chartered by Connecticut,
+with letters of marque and reprisal from the United States. Captain
+Parker was in command. The _Defence_ accompanied the _Oliver Cromwell_;
+they sailed from New London; Timothy Boardman then twenty-four years of
+age enlisted and went on board; he commenced keeping the Log-Book April
+11, 1778; he seems to have been head carpenter on board the ship, and to
+have had severe labors. His assistants appear to have deserted him
+before the close of the voyage. It was his duty to make any needful
+repairs after a storm, or in an engagement and to perform any such
+service necessary even at the time of greatest danger. In a terrific
+storm it was decided to cut away the mast. His hat fell from his head,
+but he scarcely felt it worth while to pick it up, as all were liable so
+soon to go to the bottom. In action, his place was below deck, to be in
+readiness with his tools and material to stop instantly, if possible,
+any leak caused by the enemies' shot. At one time the rigging above him
+was torn and fell upon him, some were killed; blood spattered over him,
+and it was shouted "Boardman is killed." He, however, and another man on
+board, a Mr. Post, father of the late Alpha Post of Rutland, were
+spared to make their homes for half a century among the peaceful hills
+of Vermont.
+
+In the following year 1779, he seems to have sailed down the Atlantic
+coast on an American merchant vessel. He was captured off Charleston, S.
+Carolina, by the British, but after a few days' detention, on board his
+Majesty's vessel, it was thought cheaper to send the prisoners on shore
+than to feed them, and he and his companions were given a boat and set
+at liberty. They reached Charleston in safety. The city was under
+martial law, and the new-comers were for about six weeks put upon
+garrison duty. About this time Lord Cornwallis was gaining signal
+advantages in that vicinity, while Gen. Gates, who had received the
+surrender of Burgoyne, three years before, was badly defeated. After
+completing this service the author of the Log-Book, started to walk home
+to Connecticut. He proceeded on foot to North Carolina, where Andrew
+Jackson was, then a poor boy of twelve years. Jackson's father, a young
+Irish emigrant died within two years after entering those forests, and
+his widow soon to become the mother of a President, was "hauled" through
+their clearing, from their deserted shanty, to his grave, among the
+stumps, in the same lumber wagon with the corpse of her husband. He had
+been dead twelve years when the pilgrim from Connecticut passed that
+way. Overcome, probably by fatigue and by malaria, his progress was
+arrested in North Carolina by fever, and he lay sick all winter among
+strangers.
+
+In the spring of 1780, unable probably, to proceed on foot, he embarked
+from some port, on a merchant ship bound for St. Eustatia, a Dutch
+island, in the West Indies. He was again captured and taken prisoner by
+the British.
+
+He was, however, transferred to a British merchant vessel on which he
+rendered a little service by way of commutation, when he was set at
+liberty on St. Eustatia. The island has an area of 189 square miles,
+population 13,700; latitude 17 deg., 30', North. Climate generally healthy,
+but with terrific hurricanes and earthquakes, soil very fertile and
+highly cultivated by the thrifty Hollanders, with slave labor. It has
+belonged successively to the Spanish, French, English and Dutch. Having
+been enfeebled by his fever of the winter before, Timothy Boardman now
+twenty-six years old, worked for several months at his trade with good
+wages. I have heard him say that there the tropical sun shone directly
+down the chimney. He used to relate also, how fat the young negroes
+would become in sugaring time, when the sweets of the canefield flowed
+as freely as water. He returned home to Connecticut probably late in
+the year 1780. Vermont was then the open field for emigration. It was
+rapidly receiving settlers from Connecticut. I have no knowledge that he
+ever made any account of the immense tract in Maine, purchased and held
+by deeds, still on record at York, Me., by his grandfather, and in which
+he, as the oldest grandson, born a few days after his grandfather's
+death and named for him, might have been expected to be interested.
+
+He was now twenty-seven. A large family of younger children had long
+occupied his father's house. He sought a home of his own. His younger
+brothers Elisha and Oliver were married and settled before him. He seems
+to have inherited something of the ancestral enterprise of the Puritans,
+"hankering for new land." All his brothers and sisters settled in
+Connecticut, but he made his way in 1781 to Vermont. For a year
+1781-1782, he worked at his trade in Bennington. During this time, he
+purchased a farm in Addison, it is supposed of Ira Allen, a brother of
+the redoubtable Ethan Allen; but the title proved, as so often happened,
+with the early settlers to be defective. He recovered, many years
+afterward, through the fidelity and skill of his lawyer, the Hon. Daniel
+Chipman of Middlebury, the hard earned money which he had paid for the
+farm at Chimney Point. It shows how thrifty he must have been, and how
+resolute in his purpose to follow a pioneer life in Vermont, that after
+this great loss he still had money, and a disposition to buy another
+farm among the Green Mountains. Having put his hand to the plow, he did
+not turn back. He did not perhaps like to have his Connecticut kindred
+and friends think he had failed in what he had undertaken. He had saved
+a good portion of his wages for six or seven years. He had received, as
+the most faithful man in the crew, a double share in the prizes taken by
+the _Oliver Cromwell_. He had perhaps received some aid from his father.
+Though he had paid for and lost one unimproved farm, he was able to buy,
+and did purchase another. He came to Rutland, Vt., in 1782 and bought
+one hundred acres of heavily timbered land from the estate of Rev.
+Benajah Roots, whose blood has long flowed in the same veins, with his
+own. He perhaps thought that if he bought of a minister, he would get a
+good title. He may have known Mr. Roots, at least by reputation, in
+Connecticut, for he had been settled at Simsbury, Ct., before coming to
+a home missionary field in Rutland. The owner of the land was in doubt
+whether to sell it.
+
+The would-be purchaser had brought the specie with which to buy it, in a
+strong linen bag, still it is supposed preserved in the family, near the
+same spot. "Bring in your money," said a friend, "and throw it down on a
+table, so that it will jingle well." The device was successful, the
+joyful sound, where silver was so scarce, brought the desired effect.
+The deed was soon secured, for the land which he owned for nearly sixty
+years.
+
+A clearing was soon made on this land at a point which lies about
+one-half mile south of Centre Rutland, and a-half mile west of Otter
+creek on the slope of a high hill. It was then expected that Centre
+Rutland would be the capital of Vermont. In 1783, he erected amid the
+deep forests, broken only here and there by small clearings, a small
+framed house. He never occupied a log-house; as he was himself a
+skillful carpenter, house-joiner and cabinet maker and had been reared
+in a large village, a city, just as he left it, his taste did not allow
+him to dispense with so many of the comforts of his earlier life as many
+were compelled to relinquish.
+
+He returned to Middletown, and was married, Sept. 28th, 1783, to Mary,
+the eighth child and fifth daughter of Capt. Samuel Ward of Middletown,
+who had twelve children. The Ward family were of equal standing with his
+own. The newly married couple were each a helpmeet unto the other, and
+had probably known each other from early life in the same church and
+perhaps in the same public school. They were both always strongly
+attached to Middletown, their native place; it cost something to tear
+themselves away and betake themselves to a new settlement, which they
+knew must long want many of the advantages which they were leaving. I
+remember the pride and exhileration with which, in his extreme old age,
+he used to speak of Middletown, as he pointed out on his two maps, one
+of them elaborate, in his native city, the old familiar places. He
+revisited it from time to time during his long life, the last time in
+1837, only a year and a-half before his death.
+
+In his journeys between Rutland and Middletown, which he visited with
+his wife, the second year after their marriage, he must have met many
+kindred by the way. His Uncle Daniel Boardman lived in Dalton, and his
+Uncle John in Hancock, Mass., while three brothers of his wife, and a
+sister, Mrs. Charles Goodrich, resided in Pittsfield. Mrs. Ward, his
+mother-in-law, lived also in Pittsfield with her children, till 1815,
+when she was ninety-six years old, her oldest son seventy-six, and her
+eighth child, Mrs. Boardman, over sixty. She and her son-in-law, Judge
+Goodrich, the founder of Pittsfield, who was of about her own age,
+lived, it is said to be the oldest persons in Berkshire Co. He had also
+a cousin Mrs. Francis at Pittsfield, and a favorite cousin Elder John
+Boardman, at Albany and another cousin, Capt. George Boardman in
+Schenectady. These three cousins were children of his uncle Charles of
+Wethersfield. His grandmother Boardman, the widow of the Maine land
+proprietor, also spent her last days in Dalton, and died there at her
+son Daniel's, about the time when Timothy first went to Vermont.
+
+His youngest brother William, distinctly remembered my grandfather's
+playing with him, and bantering him when a little child, and also the
+September morning when with his father and mother he rode over in a
+chaise to Capt. Ward's to attend Timothy's wedding. He told me that when
+Timothy was there last, he shed some tears, as he cut for himself a
+memorial cane, by the river's bank, where he used to play in boyhood,
+and said he should never see the place again. William, whom he used to
+call "Bill," named a son for him, Timothy.
+
+The spot where he built his first house, and called on the name of the
+Lord, and where his first two or three children were born, is now off
+the road, at a considerable distance, about a-half mile north-east of
+the house, occupied by his grandson, Samuel Boardman, Esq., of West
+Rutland. It is near a brook, in a pasture, cold, wet, bunchy and stony,
+and does not look as if it had ever been plowed. He had better land
+which he cultivated afterward, and which yielded abundantly. But at
+first he must have wrung a subsistence from a reluctant soil. Yet
+the leaf-mould and ashes from burned timber on fields protected by
+surrounding forests would produce good wheat, corn and vegetables. Near
+that spot still stands one very old apple tree and another lies fallen
+and decaying near by. So tenacious are the memorials of man's occupancy,
+even for a short time.
+
+After a few years he removed this small framed house, fifty rods
+westward and dug and walled for it a cellar which still remains, a
+pit filled with stones, water and growing alders. He then made some
+additions to the house as demanded by his growing family. He also built
+near it a barn. His house was still on the cold, bushy land which slopes
+to the north-east, and is now only occupied for pasturage. Here seven
+young children occupied with him his pioneer home.
+
+The tradition used to be, that at first he incurred somewhat the
+derision of his neighbors, better skilled in backwoodsman's lore than
+himself, by hacking all around a tree, in order to get it down. It is
+said that some imagined his land would soon be in the market, and sold
+cheap; that the city bred farmer, better taught in navigation and
+surveying, than in clearing forests and in agriculture, would become
+tired and discouraged and abandon his undertaking. But he remained and
+persevered, and his good Puritan qualities, industry, frugality, good
+management, and persistency for the first ten or fifteen years,
+determined his whole subsequent career and that of his family. He was
+never rich, but he secured a good home, dealt well with his children,
+and became independent for the remainder of his life. Indeed, like most
+New England Puritans, of resolute and conscientious industry, and of
+moderate expenditures, he was always independent after he was of age.
+
+A man of such character, and of so fair an education would, of course,
+soon be valued in any community, and be especially useful in a new
+settlement where skill with the pen and the compass are rarer than in
+older places.
+
+He was appreciated and was soon made town clerk of Rutland, and county
+surveyor for Rutland county. He was also in time made captain of the
+militia, in recognition perhaps, in part, of his Revolutionary services.
+He was also made clerk of the Congregational church, I have some of his
+church records. On Nov. 20th, 1805, he was elected a deacon. He was
+also on the committee to revise the Articles of Faith and Rules of
+Discipline. About 1792, he bought fifty acres of good land lying west of
+his first purchase, and on this ground, one hundred rods west of his
+previous home, and about half a mile south-west of the spot first
+occupied, he erected in 1799, a good two-story house, which is still in
+excellent preservation, where till his death, he lived in a home as
+ample and commodious as the better class of those with which he had been
+familiar in his native state.
+
+In sixteen years after coming to the unbroken forest on what has since
+been called "Boardman hill," he had won a good position in society and
+in the church, and a comfortable property. He was afflicted in the
+death of his oldest daughter and child, Hannah, October 26, 1803. But
+this was the only death that occurred in his family for more than
+fifty-three years. His six remaining children lived to an average age
+of about eighty.
+
+The Congregational church in West Rutland, one of the oldest in Vermont,
+had been formed in 1773, nine years before his arrival. He became a
+member in 1785, and his wife in 1803. Not long after his coming, Rev.
+Mr. Roots, the pastor, died, and the widely known Rev. Samuel Haynes, a
+devout, able and witty man, became their pastor, and so continued for
+thirty years, until his dismission in 1818. Timothy Boardman's children
+were early taken to church, were trained and all came into the church
+under, the ministry of Rev. Mr. Haynes.
+
+He said that he would sooner do without bread than without preaching,
+and he was always a conscientious and liberal supporter of the church.
+He appreciated and co-operated with his pastor. In the great revival of
+1808, five of his children were gathered into the church. One of them,
+perhaps all of them, were previously regarded by their parents as
+religious.
+
+In politics he was a Federalist. In respect to the war with Great
+Britain 1812-1815, his views did not entirely coincide with those of
+some others, including his associate in the diaconate, Dea. Chatterton,
+who was a rigid Democrat. This eminently devout and useful man, was so
+burdened with Dea. Boardman's lukewarmness in promoting the second
+war with Great Britain, against whose armies both had fought in the
+Revolution, that he felt constrained to take up a labor with him, hoping
+to correct his political errors by wholesome church discipline. It must
+have been a scene for a painter.
+
+Perhaps no better man or one more effective for good, ever lived in West
+Rutland than Dea. Chatterton. In both politics and religion he was
+practical and fervid. The church meeting was crowded.
+
+The occasion compelled my grandfather, as Paul was driven, in his
+epistle to the Corinthians, and as Demosthenes was forced in his oration
+for the crown, to enter somewhat upon his own past record. Though a very
+modest and unpretentious man, yet it is said that the author of the
+Log-Book, on this memorable occasion straightened himself up, and boldly
+referred his hearers to the glorious days of the war for Independence,
+which had tried men's souls, and when he had forever sealed the
+genuineness of his own patriotism, by hazarding his life both by sea
+and land for his country.
+
+Weighed in the balances on his own record, so far from being found
+wanting, his patriotism was proved to be of the finest gold; and his
+place like that of Paul, not a whit behind that of the chiefest apostle.
+Though he did not feel it to be his duty to fall in behind the tap of
+the drum, and volunteer to fight, beside the aged democratic veteran who
+served with him at the communion table; yet he showed that the older was
+not a better soldier; that with diversities of politics, there was the
+same loyalty, and that his own patriotism was no less than his
+brother's.
+
+The tremendous strain which the struggle for American Independence put
+upon the generation who encountered it, was touchingly illustrated in
+the lives of these two men, a generation, or two generations after the
+struggle had been successfully closed. Amid the quiet hills of Vermont,
+the minds of both were affected for a time, with at least partial
+derangement. Dea. Boardman labored temporarily under the hallucination,
+that he was somehow liable to arrest, and prepared a chamber for his
+defence. He was obliged, for a time to be watched, though he was never
+confined. A journey to Connecticut, on horseback, with his son Samuel,
+when he was perhaps sixty years old, effected an entire cure. Dea.
+Chatterton in his extreme old age, after a life of remarkable piety,
+became a maniac and was obliged to be confined. He had suffered peculiar
+hardships, perhaps on the prison-ships, in the Revolution; and his
+incoherent expressions, in his insanity, sixty years afterward, and just
+before his death, were full of charges against the "British."
+
+Timothy Boardman's supreme interest in life, however, was in his loyalty
+to Christ, and his intense desires were for the extension and full
+triumph of Christ's kingdom. The revivals which prevailed in the early
+part of the century and the consequent great expansion of aggressive
+Christian work, were in answer to his life-long prayers, as well as
+those of all other Christians; and he entered heartily, from the first,
+into all measures undertaken for the more rapid spread of the gospel. He
+was greatly interested in the formation of the American Board of
+Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and read the _Missionary Herald_,
+with interest from its first publication, until his death. The formation
+of the Bible Society, Tract Society, Seaman's Friend Society, Sunday
+School Society, American Home Missionary Society, etc., engaged his
+interest, and received his support. He made himself an honorary member
+of the A. B. C. F. M. near the close of his life, in accordance with the
+suggestion of his sister Sarah, whom he greatly valued, the wife of Rev.
+Joseph Washburn, and afterward of Dea. Porter, both of Farmington, Ct.,
+by the contribution to Foreign Missions, at one time, of one hundred
+dollars.
+
+In social and domestic life, he was a son of the Puritans and of the
+Connecticut type. He exacted obedience, and somewhat of reverence
+from his children. They did not dare, to the last, to treat him with
+unrestrained familiarity. His wife and children stood, waiting at their
+chairs, until he was first seated at the table. He gave his children a
+good education for the time, sending them to "Master Southard." His
+habitual temper of mind was one of deep reverence toward God. He sat in
+awe during a thunder storm, and a cyclone which passed over his home
+deeply impressed him. His letters abound in affectionate and in
+religious sentiments. He was scrupulous in the observance of the
+Sabbath; required it of his children, and he expected it of the stranger
+within his gates. The family altar probably never failed from the day he
+first entered with his newly married wife, into their pioneer home, amid
+the forests, till his death. He was solemn, earnest and felicitous in
+prayer. The atmosphere of his home was eminently that of a christian
+household. Two of his four sons became officers in their churches, and
+also both his sons-in-law. Four of his grandsons entered the Christian
+ministry, and a granddaughter is the wife of a clergyman. Those who
+regard the Puritans in general, as too severe in industry, in frugality,
+in morals and in religious exercises, would have regarded him as too
+exacting in all these directions. He certainly could not on one hundred
+and fifty acres of land, which he found wild, and not all of it very
+good, have reared a large family, and supported public institutions as
+he did; have given each of his sons at settlement in life, six hundred
+dollars, and left to each at his death, eight hundred, if he had not
+practiced through life, a resolute industry, and a somewhat rigid
+economy.
+
+It is worthy of notice that like his grandfather, Timothy Boardman of
+Wethersfield, he owned, what by a little change of circumstances, might
+have brought, not a competence merely but wealth to his heirs. Early in
+his residence at Rutland, he became possessed, with many others of a
+small lot in what was called the "Cedar Swamp." These lots were valued
+almost exclusively for the enduring material for fences which they
+afforded. Their cedar posts supplied the town. They obtained also on the
+rocky portions of these lands a white sand, which was employed for
+scouring purposes, and also for sprinkling, by way of ornamentation,
+according to the fashion of the times, the faultlessly clean, white
+floors of the "spare rooms." Timothy Boardman's cedar lot, is now one of
+the largest marble quarries in Rutland, a town which is said to furnish
+one-half of all the marble produced in the United States. It brought to
+one of his sons, a handsome addition to farm profits, but was disposed
+of just before its great value was appreciated and lost, as in case of
+the Maine lands.
+
+His grandfather Timothy Boardman, is said to have been "a short, stocky
+man;" his monument, and until recently that of his father Daniel, son of
+the emigrant from England, might both be seen, near together in the old
+cemetery at Wethersfield.
+
+The author of the Log-Book, was a little below the average height, of
+rather full face, with a peach-bloom tinge of red on each cheek in old
+age, and of light complexion, and light hair. His motions were quick,
+and his constitution healthful, though he was never strong. He had
+undoubtedly a mind of fair ability; inclined perhaps to conservative
+views, and acting as spontaneously, it may be in criticism, as in any
+other exercise of its energies. I remember to have received reproof and
+instruction in manners, from him when I was five or six years of age.
+He was careful of his possessions, and articles belonging to him, were
+very generally marked "T. B."
+
+It is a tradition among the older kindred, that the writer, though he
+does not remember it, finding at the age of five or six, on grandpa's
+premises, some loose tufts of scattered wool, and being told that they
+were his, expressed the candid judgment, that it could not be so,
+"because they were not marked T. B."
+
+I am not aware that he was much given to humor, yet he would seem not to
+have been entirely destitute of it from the philosophical account he
+gave of the advantages of his position, when some one ventured to
+condole with him on the steep hill of nearly a mile which lay between
+his house and the church. He said it afforded him two privileges, first
+that of dropping down quickly to meeting, when he had a late start; and
+secondly, that of abundant time for reflection on the sermon while he
+was going home.
+
+His wife, undoubtedly his equal in every respect, to whom much of his
+prosperity, usefulness, and good repute, as well as that of his family
+was due, after a married life of fifty-three years and three months,
+died in Dec., 1836. She had long been feeble. Her children watched
+around her bedside on the last night in silence till one of her sons,
+laying his hand upon her heart, and finding it still, said "we have no
+longer a mother." I remember the hush of the next morning, throughout
+the house, when we young children awoke. It was lonely and cold in
+grandma's room, and only a white sheet covered a silent form.
+
+At eighty-three he was alone, and he deeply felt, as was natural, that
+loneliness. Yet he had affectionate children, and with his youngest son,
+who had four daughters, to him kind and pleasant granddaughters, he made
+his home for the remainder of his life. With the oldest of these he made
+in 1837, as already noticed, his last visit to Connecticut, going as far
+as New Haven and the city of New York. On this journey he went in his
+own carriage. He visited us, once at least in Castleton, at the house
+where the Log-Book was so long concealed. I remember his figure there,
+as that of a "short and stocky man," who seemed to me very old. He died
+while on a visit to Middlebury, where two of his children had been
+settled for more than twenty years, at the house of his youngest
+daughter and youngest child, Betsey, then the widow of Dea. Martin Foot.
+She and her six daughters did everything possible for his comfort. A
+swelling made its appearance upon his shoulder, and the disease advanced
+steadily to a fatal termination. His appointed time had come. From his
+death-bed he sent to his children a final letter of affectionate
+greeting and counsel. The feeble hand, whose lines had been so fair and
+even for nearly three-quarters of a century, wanders unsteadily across
+the pages, expressive of a mind perhaps already wandering with disease.
+And so the fingers that had traced the neat lines of the Log-Book, on
+board the _Oliver Cromwell_, in 1778, "forgot" sixty years afterwards
+"their cunning," and wrote no more. He was buried beside his wife, in
+the cemetery at West Rutland, near the church where he had worshipped
+nearly sixty years.
+
+On the death of his wife, he had ordered two monumental stones to be
+prepared just alike, except the inscriptions; one of which was to be for
+her, and the other for himself. They may be seen from the road, by one
+passing, of bluish stone standing not very far from the fence, and about
+half way from the northern to the southern side of the lot. On these
+stones was inscribed at his direction, where they may now be read, the
+words, contained in Rev. 14: 13, divided between the two stones; on the
+one: "I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, write Blessed are the
+dead, which die in the Lord from henceforth;" and on the other: "Yea
+saith the Spirit that they may rest from their labors and their works do
+follow them:"
+
+His children were:
+
+Hannah, born July 23, 1784; died Oct. 26, 1803.
+
+Timothy, born March 11, 1786; settled in Middlebury, and died there
+April, 1857.
+
+Mary, born Jan. 27, 1788; married Dea. Robert Barney of East Rutland
+1824; died at her son's house, in Wisconsin, 1871.
+
+Dea. Samuel Ward, born Nov. 27, 1789; died in Pittsford, Vt., May 13,
+1870.
+
+Dea. Elijah, born March 9, 1792; died Sept. 24, 1873.
+
+Capt. Charles Goodrich, born Feb. 19, 1794; died Dec. 17, 1875.
+
+Betsey, born, 1796; married Dea. Martin Foot of Middlebury; died April
+26, 1873.
+
+The proclivity of the Puritans for education is illustrated in the fact,
+that only five years after the foundation of Yale College one of this
+family, Daniel a grandson of Samuel, the emigrant from England, became a
+student there and was graduated in 1709, and that wherever different
+branches of the family have since been settled they have generally sent
+sons to the nearest colleges, not only many to Yale, but several to
+Dartmouth, Williams, Middlebury, Union, and others. The eighth and ninth
+generations are now in the process of education, in various institutions
+east and west. The descendants of Timothy Boardman who have entered
+professional life, are:
+
+Hon. Carlos Boardman (grad. Middlebury College 1842), a lawyer and
+judge, in Linnaeus, Mo., oldest son of Capt. Charles. G. Boardman, of
+West Rutland.
+
+Rev. George Nye Boardman, D.D. (Middlebury College 1847). Prof. of
+Systematic Theology, in Chicago Theological Seminary, Chicago, Ill.
+
+Rev. Samuel W. Boardman, D.D. (Midd. Col., 1851). Pastor of the First
+Presbyterian Church, Stanhope, N.J.
+
+Rev. Simeon Gilbert Boardman (Midd. Col., 1855). Pastor of the
+Presbyterian Church, Champlain, N.Y.
+
+Charles Boardman, a member of the class of 1850, in Middlebury College,
+and who died of typhoid fever in the sophomore year, doubtless had in
+view the Christian ministry.
+
+These four were sons of Dea. S. W. Boardman, of Castleton.
+
+Horace Elijah Boardman, M.D. (Midd. Col., 1857), in practice at Monroe,
+Wis., youngest son of Dea. Elijah Boardman, of West Rutland.
+
+Harland S. Boardman M.D., (Midd., 1874), a grandson of Timothy 4th, and
+son of Timothy 5th, of Middlebury, was graduated at the Homeopathic
+Hospital College of Cleveland, Ohio, 1877. He is now practicing at
+Ludlow, Vt.
+
+William Gilbert Boardman, in practice of dentistry in or near Memphis,
+Tenn., a grandson of Dea. Elijah Boardman.
+
+Edgar William Boardman, M.D., son of Dr. Horace E., now practicing at
+Janesville, Wis.; both he and his father were graduated at the "Hahneman
+Medical College and Hospital, of Chicago."
+
+---- [space]Webster, M.D., grandson of Mary, Mrs. Dea. Robert Barney, in
+practice in Schuylerville, N.Y.
+
+Dea. Martin Foote, the husband of Betsey, was a student in Middlebury
+College for two years, it is believed, in the distinguished class of
+1813, but by reason of impaired health, he was unable to complete the
+course.
+
+A few words in regard to the Log-Book may not be inappropriate. It seems
+to be a mere waif that has floated on the current, and among a thousand
+things that have perished, to have been, as it were by accident,
+preserved. A portion of the volume seems to be a kind of a private
+journal kept by my grandfather, for a few weeks in 1778. He does not
+appear to have valued it greatly, as on the blank leaves, he has made
+some entries of his business, as town clerk, and some as county
+surveyor, and afterward, a few notes of account with his son Elijah, who
+took a part of his farm. His last entry in it, as if it were in part a
+waste blank book, was made forty-eight years after he left the _Oliver
+Cromwell_, in 1826.
+
+It must have come into my father's hands with some other papers, on the
+division of his father's effects in 1839. Both seem to have been
+reluctant to destroy anything, though they did not much value it. My
+father, at last, weary of keeping it, would seem to have given it to me
+merely for its blank pages, as scribbling paper. Six leaves, apparently
+blank, were torn out. Several pages are covered with mere vacant
+scrawling by my boyish hand; whether I threw it away in utter contempt,
+or concealed it back of the old chimney, in curious conjecture whether
+some unborn generations, would not at some distant day discover it, and
+puzzle over it, I cannot tell. I have no recollection of it whatever;
+except that I had a general impression that we used to have more of
+grandfather's writings than we possessed in later years. Whether we had
+still others I know not. How little of such writing survives for a
+century! It was lost for forty years, till a quarter of a century after
+we had sold and left the house. It was found in 1884, in a dark recess,
+back of the chimney, in the garret, by Master Fred. Jones, the son of an
+esteemed friend, who in her childhood, about the time of the loss of
+this manuscript, was a member of my father's household. Many years
+afterwards, she became the worthy mistress of the house, and this lad,
+exploring things in general, came across this old Log-Book. If it is of
+any interest or value; to him and to Dr. J. M. Currier, the accomplished
+secretary of the Rutland County Historical Society, and to James
+Brennan, Esq., an old schoolmate who took an interest in the manuscript,
+is due all the credit of its publication.
+
+
+
+
+ JOURNAL
+ AND
+ SAILING DIRECTIONS
+ OF THE
+ OLIVER CROMWELL
+ SECOND CRUISE.
+
+
+
+
+JOURNAL OF THE SECOND CRUISE.
+
+
+April 7th the Defence had Five Men Broke out With the Small Pox.
+
+9th they Lost a Man w^th the Small Pox.
+
+10th Exersis^d Cannon & Musquetry.
+
+11th Saw a Sail the Defence Spoke with her She was a Frenchman from
+Bourdeaux Bound to the West Indies.
+
+13th Cros^d the Tropick Shav^d & Duck About 60 Men.
+
+14th at four Oclock Afternoon Saw a Sail Bearing E S E. We Gave Chase to
+her & Came Up With her at 8 Oclock She was a Large French Ship we Sent
+the Boat on Board of her She Informed us of two English Ships which She
+Left Sight of at the time we Saw her.
+
+15th at Day Break We saw two Sail Bareing SEbS Distance 2 Leagues We
+Gave Chase Under a Moderate Sail at 9 oClock P. M. Came Up with them
+they at First Shew French Colours to Decoy us when we Came in About half
+a Mile of us the Ups with English Colours We had Continental Colours
+Flying We Engaged the Ship Admiral Kepple as Follows When We Came in
+About 20 Rods of her We Gave her a Bow Gun She Soon Returned us a Stern
+Chaise & then a Broad Side of Grape & Round Shot Cap^t Orders Not to
+fire till we Can See the white of their Eyes We Got Close Under their
+Larbard Quarter they Began Another Broad Side & then We Began & hel^d
+Tuff & Tuff for About 2 Glasses & Then she Struck to Us at the Same time
+the Defence Engaged the Cyrus who as the Kepple Struck Wore Round Under
+our Stern We Wore Ship & Gave her a Stern Chase at which She Immediately
+Struck. The Loss on our Side was One Kill^d & Six Wounded one Mortally
+Who Soon Died Our Ship was hull^d 9 Times with Six Pound Shott Three
+of which Went through Our Birth one of which wounded the Boatswains
+yoeman the Loss on their Side was two Kill^d & Six wounded their
+Larbourd quarter was well fill^d with Shott one Nine Pounder went
+through her Main Mast. Imploy^d in the After-noon Takeing out the Men
+& Maning the Prise The Kepple Mounted 20 Guns 18 Six Pounders & two
+Wooden D^o with about 45 Men, the Cyrus Mounted 16 Six Pounders with
+35 Men Letters of Marque Bound from Bristol to Jamaica Laden with Dry
+Goods Paints & C.
+
+18th Cap^t Day Died.
+
+19th Cap^t Brown of The Ship Adm^l Kepple & Cap^t Dike of the
+Cyrus with Three Ladies & 8 Men Sett off in a Long Boat for S^t Kitts
+O^r Cap^tns Parker & Smedleys Permition.
+
+20th Imploy^d in taking things out of the Prise Viz. One Chist of
+Holland a Quantity of Hatts & Shoes Cheeses Porter & Some Crockery Ware
+Small Arms Pistols Hangers two Brass Barrel Blunderbusses a Quantity of
+Riggen & C.
+
+21^st At Three oClock Afternoon we wore Ship to the Southward The
+Prises Made Sail to the Northward we Lost Sight of them at Six.
+
+May 2^nd Sprung Our Foretopmast Struck it & Ship^d Another in its
+Room.
+
+8^th Saw a Sail over Our Starboard bow We Gave Chase to her She was a
+French Guineaman Bound to the Mole With 612 Slaves on Board Our Cap^t
+Put 6 Prisoners on Board of Her Left her Just at Dark.
+
+11^th At 5 o'Clock in the Morning Saw a Sail at the Windward two
+Leagues Distance Bearing Down Upon Us we Lay too for her till She Came
+in half Gun Shott of us the Man at Mast head Cry^d out 4 Sail to the
+Leeward Our Officers Concluded to Make Sail from her Supposing her to be
+a Frigate of 36 Guns after we Made Sail We Left as Fast as we wanted She
+Gave Over Chase at two oClock Afternoon She was the Seaford of 28 Guns.
+
+22^nd Sprung our Maintop sail Yard.
+
+28^th Made the Land at Port Royal.
+
+29^th the Ship Struck Bottom Thrice.
+
+30^th Came over the Bar this Morning & Arriv^d in this Harbour In
+Company with the Ship Defence Com^ed by Sam^ll Smedly. Charlestown,
+S^th. C^na. May y^e 30^th 1778.
+
+
+SAILING DIRECTIONS OF THE SECOND CRUISE.
+
+ +--------+--------+-----------+---------+
+ |April   |    H   |   Course  | Nth Latt|
+ +--------+--------+-----------+---------+
+ |   1    |    1   |   SW      |  31.18  |
+ |        |    4   |   SE      |         |
+ |   2    |   10   |   EbS     |  31.20  |
+ |   3    |        |   ESE     |  30.58  |
+ |   4    |        |   SE      |  30.21  |
+ |   5    |        |   ESE     |  29.44  |
+ |   6    |        |   SEbE    |  29.22  |
+ |   7    |        |   SE      |  29.54  |
+ |   8    |        |   ESE     |  28.7   |
+ |   9    |        |   SSbS    |  26.29  |
+ |  10    |        |   SW      |  25.6   |
+ |  11    |        |   SSW     |  No Obs |
+ |  12    |        |   South   |  22.35  |
+ |  13    |        |   SSW     |  No Obs |
+ |  14    |        |   SSW     |  20.17  |
+ |  15    |    7   |   South   |  19.18  |
+ |        |   12   |   West    |         |
+ |  16    |        |   East    |  19.16  |
+ |  17    |        |   WNW     |  19.14  |
+ |  18    |        |   NNW     |  19.35  |
+ |  19    |        |   NW      |  19.46  |
+ |  20    |        |   NbW     |  No Obs |
+ |  21    |        |   NNW     |  20.20  |
+ |  22    |        |   SbE     |  19.15  |
+ |  23    |        |   SbE     |  18.10  |
+ |  24    |        |   SbE     |  16.30  |
+ |  25    |        |   South   |  14.30  |
+ |  26    |        |   South   |  12.54  |
+ |  27    |        |   NbW     |  13.8   |
+ |  28    |    1   |   SbE   } |         |
+ |        |   11   |   NbW   } |  12.35  |
+ |  29    |    1   |   NbW     |  13.16  |
+ |        |        |   Calm    |         |
+ |  30    |        |   NNW     |  15.00  |
+ | May    |        |           |         |
+ |   1    |        |   NNW   } |         |
+ |   2    |    1   |   NNW   } |  16.53  |
+ |        |    8   |   South   |  16.21  |
+ |   3    |    1   |   NNW   } |         |
+ |        |    8   |   South } |  16.56  |
+ |   4    |        |   North   |  17.21  |
+ |   5    |    7   |   North } |         |
+ |        |    9   |   SbW   } |  17.8   |
+ |   6    |    1   |   SSW   } |         |
+ |        |    9   |   North } |  17.20  |
+ |   7    |    1   |   SbW   } |  17.27  |
+ |        |    6   |   North } |         |
+ |   8    |    1   |   NbE   } |         |
+ |        |    9   |   South } |         |
+ |        |   11   |   NbE   } |  17.39  |
+ |   9    |    1   |   SW    } |         |
+ |        |   12   |   NW    } |  17.30  |
+ |  10    |        |   East    |  18.20  |
+ |  11    |        |   WNW     |  19.32  |
+ |  12    |    1   |   North } |         |
+ |        |    8   |   NW    } |  21.7   |
+ |  13    |    1   |   NW      |         |
+ |        |        |   West    |  21.50  |
+ |  14    |        |   SE      |  No Obs |
+ |  15    |        |   SW      |  No Obs |
+ |  16    |        |   West  } |         |
+ |        |        |   NW    } |  22.25  |
+ |  17    |        |   West  } |         |
+ |        |        |   North } |  22.29  |
+ |  18    |        |   West    |  22.22  |
+ |  19    |        |   West    |  No Obs |
+ |  20    |        |   West  } |         |
+ |        |        |   NW    } |  23.38  |
+ |  21    |        |   NW      |  25.8   |
+ |  22    |        |   NbW     |  27.45  |
+ |  23    |        |   NW      |  No Obs |
+ |  24    |        |   NW      |  30.18  |
+ |  25    |        |   West    |  30.10  |
+ |  26    |        |   West    |  30.31  |
+ |  27    |        |   West    |  No Obs |
+ |  28    |        |   NW      |  32.7   |
+ |  29    |        |   West    |  32.23  |
+ |  30    |        |   West    |  No Obs |
+ +--------+--------+-----------+---------+
+
+
+An Account of the Months, Days And Knots Run, by the Ship Oliver
+Cromwell in her Second Cruise.
+
+ +-------------+------------+--------------+
+ | Months      |    Days    |    Knots     |
+ +-------------+------------+--------------+
+ | March   | 1 |        9   |      1148    |
+ | April   | 1 |       30   |      2084    |
+ | May     | 1 |       30   |      3086    |
+ +-------------+------------+--------------+
+ | Total     3 |       69   |     63.18    |
+ +-------------+------------+--------------+
+
+
+
+
+ CONTRACT
+ BETWEEN
+ TIMOTHY BOARDMAN
+ AND
+ CAPT. PARKER.
+
+ FOR THE THIRD CRUISE.
+
+
+
+
+Charlestown, July 6^th, 1778.
+
+Conversation Between Cap^t Parker & My Self this Day.
+
+
+P^r. What are you Doing a Shore.
+
+My Sf. I wanted to See You Sir.
+
+P^r. Verry well.
+
+My Sf. The Term of my Inlistment is up & I would be glad of a Discharge
+Sir.
+
+P^r. I cannot Give you One, the Ship is in Distress Plumb has been
+trying to Get You away.
+
+My Sf. No Sir, I can have Good Wages here & I think it Better than
+Privatiering I can^t Think of Going for a Single Share I had a hard
+task Last Cruise & they all Left me.
+
+P^r. You have had a hard task of it & I will Consider you. & You Shall
+have as Much again as You Expect. Ranny & those that Leave me without a
+Discharge will Never Get anything you Better go aboard Boardman. I will
+Consider you & you,ll _Lose Nothing by it_.
+
+My Sf. I am Oblig^d to you Sir. & So went on Board.
+
+
+
+
+ JOURNAL
+ AND
+ SAILING DIRECTIONS
+ OF THE
+ OLIVER CROMWELL
+ THIRD CRUISE.
+
+
+
+
+JOURNAL OF THE THIRD CRUISE.
+
+
+July 24 Weigh^d Anchor at 5 Fathom hole & Came Over the Bar In
+Comp^y with the Notredame a 16 Gun Brig & two Sloops. Mett a French
+Ship of 28 Guns on the Bar Bound in.
+
+25^th A Smooth Sea.
+
+29^th Saw A Sail Gave Chace.
+
+30^th Saw A Sail Gave Chace.
+
+31^st Saw two Sail Gave Chace. Light winds.
+
+August 6th at half after Six Afternoon Saw a Sail & Gave Chace, at 11
+Gave her a Bow Gun which Brought her too She was a Big from New Orleans
+in Missippi Bound to Cape Francois a Spainard Went on Board Kept her All
+Night & Lett her Go at 10 ^oClock the Next Day her Cargo was Furr &
+Lumber She had Some Englismen on Board the Occasion of our Detaining her
+So Long.
+
+7^th At 5 OClock Afternoon Made the Land the Island of Abaco.
+
+8^th at 10 ^oClock Harbour Island Bore East Dis^t 2 Leagues.
+
+9^th Hard Gales of wind.
+
+10^th Fresh Gales of wind & Heavy Squals.
+
+11^th Fresh Breeses & a Rough Sea.
+
+12 at Six Afternoon Caught a Great Turtle which was Kook^d the Next
+Day for the Entertainment of the Gentlemen of the Fleet No Less than 13
+Came on Board to Dine.
+
+14 At 2 oClock P M Harbour Island Bore SbW 1 League Dis^t Sent the
+Yoll on Shore The Brig Sent her Boat a Shore too.
+
+15^th The two Boats Returned with a two Mast Boat & 4 Men Belonging to
+New Providence Squally Night & Smart Thunder & Lightning.
+
+16^th Cros^d the Bahama Banks from 8 Fathom of water to 3-3/4 Came
+to Anchor at Night on the Bank.
+
+17^th Arriv^d at the Abimenes Fill^d our Water Cask & Hogg^d
+Ship & Boot Top^t the Ship.
+
+18^th At Day Break Weigh^d Anchor together with the Rice Thumper
+Fleet at Noon Parted with Them & Fired 13 Guns the Other fir,d their
+Guns Which was a 16 Gun Brigg the Notredame Command by Cap^t Hall A 10
+Gun Sloop Com^d by Cap^t Robberts A 12 Gun Sloop Com^d by John
+Crappo or Petweet & Stood to the westward a cross^d the Gulf.
+
+19^th at Day the Cape of Floriday bore west we stood for it a
+Cross^d the Gulf we Came out of the Gulf in five fathom of Water &
+Within 30 Rods of a Rieff in the Space of 15 Minutes in About a League
+of the Shore Which Surpris^d the Capt. & Other Officers we have the
+Ship in Stays & beat off the wind being moderate.
+
+20^th Saw a Sail & Gave her Chace & Came Up She was a Saniard a
+Palacca from Havanna Bound to Spain She Inform^d us of the Jamaica
+Fleet that they Pass^d the Havanna ten Days Back Which made us Give
+over the Hopes of Seeing them.
+
+22 Saw this Spaniard about a League to the Windward.
+
+23 a Sunday, Saw a Ships Mast in Forenoon & Just at Night A Large
+Jamaica Puncheon Floating we hoisted out our Boat^e & went in Persuit
+of it but Could not Get it we Suppos^d it was full of Rum this
+Afternoon a Large Swell brok & Soon after A fine Breese Which
+Increas^d harder in the Morn^g.
+
+24^th Sun about two hours high we Saw white water in About a Mile
+Under our Lee Bow we Saw the Breakers which was on the Bahama Banks
+which Surpris^d our Officers & Men Greatly we Put our Ship About & had
+the Good Fortune to Clear them the wind Blew harder we Struck Top
+Gallant Yards & Lanch^d Top Gallant Masts Lay too Under one Leach of
+the Four Sail Got 6 Nine Pounders Down in the Lower hold & Cleard the
+Decks of unecessary Lumber The Wind Continued verry hard The air was
+Verry Thick Just before Night the Sea Came in Over our Larboard Nettens
+on the Gangway. All the officers Advis^d to Cut away the Main Mast
+which we Did, Just at Dusk, All the hope we had was that it would not
+Blow harder, but it Continued harder till After Midnight About one
+oClock it Seemd to Blow in whirlwinds which oblig^d us to Cut away our
+Four Mast & Missen Mast. Soon after the Wind Chang^d to the Eastward
+which Greatly Encourag^d us Being Much Affraid of the Bahama Banks the
+fore Mast fell to the windward & Knock^d our Anchor off the Bow So
+that we Cut it away for fear it would Make a hole in the Bow of the Ship
+our Fore Mast Lay along Side for two hours After it fell, it Being
+Impossible to Get Clear of it We Bent our Cables for fear of the Banks
+that we Might try to Ride it out if we Got on.
+
+25 Moderated Some But Verry Rough So that we Could Do no work.
+
+26 Got a Jury Mast Up on the Main Mast.
+
+27 Got up Jury Masts on the Fore & Mison Masts.
+
+30 at 8 oClock in the Morning Saw a Brigg over our weather Bow 2 Leagues
+Dis^t We Kept our Course She Stood the Same way Just at Night we gave
+her two Guns but She kept on at Night we Lost Sight of her.
+
+31^st at 5 in the Morning Saw the Brigg a Head Gave her Chace Came up
+with her about Noon we hoisted our Colours She hoisted English Colours,
+we Gave her one gun which made them come Tumbling Down.
+
+Sep^tr 1^st We Saw a Sail a Head Giving us Chace She hoisted Englis
+Colours & we & the Brigg hoisted English Colours She Came Down towards
+us we Put the Ship about & She Came Close too us we up Parts & Our
+Colours She put about & we Gave her about 12 Guns Bow Chaces & She Got
+Clear She was a Small Sloop of 6 or 8 Guns.
+
+Sep^t 2^nd Got Soundings of Cape May 45 Fath^m.
+
+Sep^t 3^rd at Night Lost Sight of The Prise.
+
+Sep^t 4^th Saw a Sail A Privatier Schoner She kept Round us all Day
+& hoisted English Colours we hoisted English Colours but She thought
+Best Not to Speak with.
+
+Sep^t 5^th Made the Land at 9 oClock in the Morning the South Side
+of Long Island against South Hampton & Came to Anchor Under Fishes
+Island at 12 oClock at Night Saw five Sail at 2 Afternoon Standing to
+the Westward two of them Ships.
+
+Sep^t 6^th 1778 New London. Arriv^d in this Harbour.
+
+
+SAILING DIRECTIONS OF THE THIRD CRUISE.
+
+ +--------+-------+----------+----------+
+ | Days   |   H   | Course   |  Obser'n |
+ +--------+-------+----------+----------+
+ |July    |       |          |  No Latt |
+ |  25    |       |  SW      |   32.19  |
+ |  26    |       |  SSW     |          |
+ |  27    |       |  EbS     |   32.07  |
+ |  28    |       |  WSW     |   31.33  |
+ |  29    |       |  SE      |   31.29  |
+ |  30    |       |  SSE     |   30.20  |
+ |  31    |       |  SEbS    |   30.30  |
+ |======================================|
+ |              August                  |
+ |======================================|
+ |   1    |       |  SE      |   30.15  |
+ |   2    |       |  Calm    |   30.05  |
+ |   3    |       |  SE      |   29.44  |
+ |   4    |       |  SSW     |   28.38  |
+ |   5    |       |  SSW     |   27.02  |
+ |   6    |       |  South   |   26.20  |
+ |   7    |       |  SW      |  No Obsn |
+ |   8    |       |  NNE     |  No Obsn |
+ |   9    |       |  East    |   26.15  |
+ |  10    |  {1   |  East}   |   26.32  |
+ |        |  {9   |  West}   |          |
+ |  11    |       |  SE      |   26.24  |
+ |  12    |       |  WNW     |  No Obsn |
+ |  13    |       |  WNW     |  No Obsn |
+ |  14    | Stood | Off & on |   25.38  |
+ |  15    |       |  WSW     |   25.50  |
+ |  16    |       |  West    |  No Obsn |
+ |  17    |       |  West    |  No Obsn |
+ |  18    |       |  Abimenes|          |
+ |  19    |       |  West    |   25.30  |
+ |  20    |       |  East    |  No Obsn |
+ |  21    |       |          |  No Obsn |
+ |  22    |       |  NW      |    26.04 |
+ |  23    |       |  NE      |    27.40 |
+ |  24    |       |  West    | {  28.14 |
+ |        |       |          | { L78.54 |
+ |  25    |       |  West    | {No Obsn |
+ |        |       |          | { L78.39 |
+ |  26    |       |  NE      | {  30.02 |
+ |        |       |          | { L77.42 |
+ |  27    |       |  NE      |   {30.36 |
+ |        |       |          |  {L77.11 |
+ |  28    |       |  NE      |   {32.02 |
+ |        |       |          |  {L75.39 |
+ |  29    |       |  NE      |    34.08 |
+ |        |       |          |   L74.51 |
+ |  30    |       |  {NE     |    36.02 |
+ |        |       |  {NbE    |   L73.01 |
+ |        |       |  {North  |          |
+ |  31    |       |  {NbW    |    38.10 |
+ |        |       |  {East   |   L72.53 |
+ |======================================|
+ |             September                |
+ |======================================|
+ |   1    |       | {North   |    38.38 |
+ |        |       | {SE      |   L72.52 |
+ |   2    |       | {SE      |    38.46 |
+ |        |       | {NbE     |   L72.18 |
+ |   3    |       | {NW      |    38.35 |
+ |        |       | {EbS     |   L72.01 |
+ |   4    |       | {NWbW    |    38.25 |
+ |        |       | {EbS     |   L72.18 |
+ |   5    |       |          |    39.25 |
+ |        |       |          |   L72.06 |
+ +--------+-------+----------+----------+
+
+
+An Account of the Months, Days, & Knots the Ship Olv^r Cromwell Run
+the Third Cruise.
+
+ +---------------+---------+------------+
+ | Months        |   Days  |   Knots    |
+ +---------------+---------+------------+
+ | July      | 1 |     7   |     211    |
+ | August    | 1 |    31   |     860    |
+ | September | 1 |     6   |     151    |
+ +---------------+---------+------------+
+ | Total       3 |    44   |    1222    |
+ +---------------+---------+------------+
+
+
+
+
+GUNNER'S REMARKS.
+
+
+
+
+REMARKS OF OUR GUNNER ON CHARLESTOWN, IN S. C.
+
+
+Charlestown is Pleasantly Situated on Ashley River on verry low Land it
+was Extreamly well Built but the Fire which happen^d in January last
+has Spoiled the Beauty of the Place, it may if times alter be as
+pleasant & Beautifull with Regard to y^e Buildings as ever. But I
+Cannot Behold such a Number of my fellow beings (altho Differing in
+Complexion) Dragged from the Place of their Nativity, brought into a
+Country not to be taught the Principles of Religion & the Rights of
+Freeman, but to Be Slaves to Masters, who having Nothing but Interest in
+View without ever Weting their own Shoes, Drive these fellows to the
+Most Severe Services, I say I cannot behold these things without Pain.
+And Expressing my Sorrow that are Enlighten^d People, a People
+Professing Christianity Should treat any of God's creatures in Such a
+Manner as I have Seen them treated Since my arrival at this Place. & I
+thank God who Gave me a Disposition to Prefer Freedom to Slavery.
+
+I have Just mentioned a People Professing Christianity. I believe there
+is a few who now & then go to Church but by all the Observation I have
+been able to make I find that Horse Racing, Frolicking Rioting Gaming
+of all Kinds Open Markets, and Traffick, to be the Chief Business of
+their Sabbaths. I am far from Supposing there is not a few Righteous
+there But was it to have the chance which Soddom had, that if there was
+five Righteous men it Should Save the City. I believe there would be
+only a Lot & Family, & his wife I should be afraid would Look Back.
+
+Another remark that I shall make is this, Marriage in Most Countrys is
+Deemed Sacred, and here there are many honourable and I believe happy
+Matches, But to see among the Commonalty a Man take a Woman without so
+much Ceremony as Jumping over a Broom Stick at the time of their
+Agreement, to see her Content herself to be his Slave to work hard to
+maintain him & his Babs & then to Content herself with a flogging if she
+only says a word out of Doors at the End of it, and then take his other
+Doxy who Perhaps has Served him well--and so one Lover to another,
+Succeeds another and another after that the last fool is as welcome as
+the former, till having liv,d hour out he Gives Place & Mingles with the
+herd who went Before him. These things may to some People who are
+unacquainted with such Transactions appear Strange and Odd, but how
+shall I express myself--what Feelings have I had within myself to behold
+one of these Slaves or Rather whole Tribes of them belonging to one
+Master who Perhaps has the happiness of an Ofspring of beautifull
+Virgins whose Eyes must be continually assaulted with a Spectacle which
+Modesty forbids me to Mention. I have Seen at a Tea table a Number of
+the fair Sex, which a Man of Sentiments would have almost Ador,d and a
+man of Modesty would not have been so Indecent as to have Unbutton^d
+his knee to adjust his Garter--Yet have I Seen a Servant of both Sexes
+Enter in Such Dishabitable as to be oblig^d to Display those Parts
+which ought to be Concealed. To see Men Approach the Room where those
+Angelick Creatures meet & View those Beautifull Countenances & Sparkling
+Eyes, which would almost tell You that they abhor,d the Cruel imposition
+of their Parents, who Perhaps Loaded with a Plentifull fortune, would
+not afford a decent Dress to their Servants to hide their Shame from
+such Sight I have turn^d my Eyes. I would not mean to be two Severe
+nor have it thought but there are great numbers who have a Sence of the
+Necessity of a Due decorum keep their Servants in a Verry Genteel manner
+and do honor to their keepers but those who have Viewed such scenes as
+well as myself will testify to this Truth & Say with me that Droll
+appearances would Present themselves to view that in Spite of all that I
+could Do would Oblige me to give a total grin, the Particular above
+mentioned altho they appear a Little forecast are absolutely matters of
+fact & not Indeed to Convey any I^ll Idea to y^e mind.
+
+In a Commertial way by what little opportunity I have had to make any
+Remarks on them. I find that in Casting up their accounts that there are
+a Number which Deservs to be Put on y^e C^r Side. But money getting
+being Mankinds Universal harvest I find as many Reapers as one would
+wish to see in Such an Open Field for every one to have a fare Sweep
+with the Sickle which as frequently cuts your purse Strings as anything
+Else, their Rakes are Most Excellent nothing is lost for want of
+geathering & you may depend on it their Bins are so Close that But a
+trifle of what they Put in ever Comes out of the Cracks. Sometimes you
+will see a small Trifle peep its Nose out on a Billiard Table, now &
+then the four knaves will tempt a Small Parcell to walk on the Table, &
+I believe Black Gammon, Shuffle Board, horse Racing, & that Noble Game
+of Roleing two Bullets on the Sandy Ground Where if there Should be
+y^e Least Breath air it would Blind you all those would help a little
+of it to Move & if I added Whoreing and Drinking they would Not Deny the
+Charge. If the things Mentioned above are to be Deemed Vices. I think no
+Person that Comes to Carolina will find any Scarcity, Provided they have
+such articles as Suits such a Market. I cannot from my hart Approve of
+their Method of Living--not but that their Provision is Wholesome but In
+Genral they Dont Coock it well. Rice bares the Sway, in Room of Bread,
+with any kind of victuals and Ever in Families of Fashion you will see a
+Rice Pudding (If it Deserves the Name) to be Eat as we do our Bread, I
+am affraid of Being too cencorious or I would Remark Numberless things
+which to a Person unacquainted with Place would even Look Childish to
+mention but as I only make this Obs^n for my own amusement never
+Intending they Shall be ever seen but by Particular friends. I shall
+omit any niceities of Expressions and Shall write a few more Simple
+facts I have seen Gamblers, Men Pretended Friends to you that would hug
+you in their Bosoms till they were Certain they had Gotten what they
+could from you, & then for a Shilling would Cut Your Throat. I would not
+Mean by this to Convey the Idea of their being a Savage people in
+General. There are Gentlemen of Charracter & who Ritchly Deserve
+the Name--but as there are Near Seven Blacks to one White Man, the
+Austerities used to the Slaves in their Possessions, is the Reason as I
+immagion of their looking on & Behaving to a White Man who Differs from
+them in their Manners and not bred in their Country in a Way Not much
+Different from which they treats their Blacks. I Have been told that the
+Place is Much alterd from what it was Before the Present Dispute & that
+a Number of the Best Part of People are Moved out of Charlestown for the
+honour of Charlestown. I will believe it and wish it may be Restor^d
+to its Primitive Lusture. However let me not look all on the Dark Side
+there are Many things well worth Praise, there Publick Buildings are
+well finish^d & Calculated for the Convenience of Publick & Private
+Affairs, their Churches make a verry fine Appearance and are finish^d
+Agreeable to the Rules of Architecture. I do not Mean that they are the
+Most elegant I ever Saw, but so well Perform^d as would Declare those
+who Reared them Good Artissts, the Streets are well Laid out & a verry
+good Brick Walk on Each Side for foot Passengers, their Streets are not
+Pav^d but Verry Sandy, and the heat of the Climate is Such that the
+Sand is Generally verry Disagreeable & Occasions a number of Insects
+Commonly Call^d Sand flies, the Lowness of the Land and the Dead water
+in Different Places in the Town & out of it Occasions another Breed of
+Insects well Known by the Name of Musketoes. These Creatures are well
+disciplined for they do Not Scout in private Places nor in Small
+Companies as tho Affraid to attack but Joining in as many Different
+Colloums as there are Openings to Your Dwellings they make a Desperate
+push and Seldom fail to Annoy their Enemy in Such a Manner that they
+leave their Adversary in a Scratching humor the Next Morning thro^o
+Vexation. It would be endless to mention the advantages & Disadvantages
+of the Place but this I am fully Assur^d of. If the White People would
+be so Industrous as to till the Land themselves and see every thing Done
+so as to have less of those Miserable Slaves in the Country the Place to
+me would have a verry Different Appearance. I have heard it Alleg^d as
+a Pretext for keeping so many Slaves that white People cannot Endure the
+heat of the Climate & that there can be but verry little done without
+these Slaves, that there could be but a verry little done is to me a
+Matter of Doubt, but that there would be but Verry little If the People
+Retain their Luxury & Love of all kinds of Sport is to me Beyond all
+doubt. I have Seen more Persons than a few worry themselves at Gaming In
+an Excessive hot Day in Such a Manner that a Moderate Days work would be
+a Pleasure to it. These things have convinc^d me of the Foolish wicked
+and Absurd Notions which People seem to have Adopted in General that
+Because these Issacars are like Issacars of Old. Strong Asser Couching
+Down between two Burthens and have not Got the means of Preserving their
+Liberty were they Ever So Desirous of it and are kept in Such a
+miserable manner as never to know the Blessings of it. I say these
+things have Convinc^d me of the Notorious Violation of the Rights of
+Mankind and which I think no Rational Man will Ever try to Justify.
+America my Earnest Prayer is that thou mayst preserve thy Own Freedom
+from any Insolvent Invaders who may attempt to Rob the of the Same--but
+be Sure to let Slavery of all kinds ever be Banish^d from thy
+habbittations.
+
+Fins Camsiocelo.
+
+
+
+
+SONGS.
+
+
+
+
+A SEAMAN'S SONG.
+
+
+1
+
+    Come all you Joval Seaman, with Courage Stout & bold
+    that Value more your Honour, than Mysers do their Gold
+    When we Receive Our Orders, we are Oblig^d to go
+    O'er the Main to Proud Spain, Let the Winds Blow high or Low.
+
+
+2
+
+    It was the fifteenth of September, from Spithead we Sat Sail
+    we had Rumbla in our Company, Blest with a Pleasant Gale
+    we Sailed away together, for the Bay of Biscay, o
+    Going along Storms Come on, and the winds Began to Blow.
+
+
+3
+
+    The winds and Storms increas^d the Bumbla Bore away
+    and left the Cantaborough, for No Longer Could She Stay
+    & when they Came to Gibralter, they told the People So
+    that they thought we were Lost, in the Bay of Biscay, O.
+
+
+4
+
+    But as Providence would have it, it was not quite so Bad
+    But first we lost our Missen Mast, and then went off our Flag
+    the Next we Lost our Main Mast, one of our Guns also
+    With five Men, Drowned then, in the Bay of Biscay, O.
+
+
+5
+
+    The Next we Lost our foremast, which was a Dreadfull Stroke
+    and in our Larboar Quarter, a Great hole there was Broke
+    and then the Seas come Roleing in, our Gun Room it Did flow
+    Thus we Rold and we told, in the Bay of Biscay, O.
+
+
+6
+
+    It was Dark and Stormy Weather, Sad and Gloomy Night
+    Our Captain on the Quarter Deck, that Day was kill^d Outrite
+    the Rings that on his fingers were, in Pieces burst Also
+    Thus we were in Dispare, in the Bay of Biscay, O.
+
+
+7
+
+    But when we Came to Gibralter, and lay in our New Hold
+    the People they Came flocking Down, our Ship for to Behold
+    they Said it was the Dismalest Sight, that Ever they Did know
+    We never Pind, But Drunk Wine, till we Drowned all our Woe.
+
+
+
+
+A COUNTRY SONG.
+
+
+1
+
+    On the Sweet Month of May we'll Repair to the Mountain
+    And Set we Down there by a Clear Crystial fountain
+    Where the Cows sweetly Lowing In a Dewy Morning
+    Where Phebus oer the Hills and Meddow are Adorning.
+
+
+2
+
+    A Sweet Country Life is Delightfull and Charming
+    Walking abroad in a Clear Summer's Morning
+    O your Towns and Your Cities Your Lofty high Towers
+    Are not to be Compar,d with Shades & Green Bowers.
+
+
+3
+
+    O Little I regard your Robes and fine Dresses
+    Your Velvets & Scarlets and Other Excesses
+    My own Country Fashions to me is More Endearing
+    Than your Pretty Prisemantle or your Bantle Cloth Wearing.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's Log-book of Timothy Boardman, by Samuel W Boardman
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