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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/26501-h.zip b/26501-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..04e299e --- /dev/null +++ b/26501-h.zip diff --git a/26501-h/26501-h.htm b/26501-h/26501-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..225ae3c --- /dev/null +++ b/26501-h/26501-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,3328 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Speeches of His Majesty Kamehameha IV., by Kamehameha IV. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + p { margin-top: .75em; + text-align: justify; + margin-bottom: .75em; + } + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { + text-align: center; /* all headings centered */ + clear: both; + } + + table + div.centered {text-align: center;} /* work around for IE centering with CSS problem part 1 */ + div.centered table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;} /* work around for IE centering with CSS problem part 2 */ + + td.tdl {text-align: left; padding-right: .5em;} + td.tdr {text-align: right; padding-left: 22.5em;} + td.page {font-size: 90%;} + + .author {text-align: right; margin-right: 5%;} + + body{margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + + .pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */ + /* visibility: hidden; */ + position: absolute; + left: 92%; + font-size: smaller; + text-align: right; + } /* page numbers */ + + .blockquot{margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 10%;} + .center {text-align: center;} + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + .footnotes {border: dashed 1px;} + .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + .footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} + .fnanchor {vertical-align: super; font-size: .8em; text-decoration: none;} + + .transnote { background-color: #ADD8E6; color: inherit; margin: 2em 10% 1em 10%; font-size: 80%; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em;} + .transnote p { text-align: left;} + + a.correction {text-decoration: none; border-bottom: thin dotted red; color: inherit; background-color: inherit;} + a.correction:hover {text-decoration: none;} + + + // --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Speeches of His Majesty Kamehameha IV. To +the Hawaiian Legislature, by Kamehameha IV + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Speeches of His Majesty Kamehameha IV. To the Hawaiian Legislature + +Author: Kamehameha IV + +Release Date: August 31, 2008 [EBook #26501] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SPEECHES OF KAMEHAMEHA IV *** + + + + +Produced by Carla Foust and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was +produced from scanned images of public domain material +from the Google Print project.) + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class="transnote"> + +<h3>Transcriber's note</h3> +<p> Minor punctuation errors have been corrected + without notice. Several words were spelled in two different ways + and not corrected; they are listed at the end of this book. A few obvious typographical errors have + been corrected, and they are indicated with + a <a class="correction" title="like this" href="#tnotes">mouse-hover</a> + and are also listed at the + <a href="#tnotes">end</a>. +</p> +</div> + +<p><br /></p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> + +<h1>SPEECHES</h1> + +<h4>OF HIS</h4> + +<h1>MAJESTY KAMEHAMEHA IV.</h1> + +<h4>TO THE</h4> + +<h2>HAWAIIAN LEGISLATURE,</h2> + +<h4>WITH HIS MAJESTY'S</h4> + +<p><br /></p> + +<h3>REPLIES TO THE REPRESENTATIVES OF FOREIGN NATIONS AND TO</h3> +<h3>PUBLIC BODIES; ALSO WITH SUNDRY PROCLAMATIONS AND</h3> +<h3>OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING TO HIS ADVENT TO</h3> +<h3>THE THRONE, <span class="smcap">Etc.</span>, WITH THE LAST PROCLAMATION</h3> +<h3>AND AN OBITUARY OF HIS</h3> +<h3>LATE MAJESTY</h3> + +<p><br /></p> + +<h2>KING KAMEHAMEHA III.</h2> + +<p><br /></p> + +<h3>PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN</h3> +<h3>AFFAIRS.</h3> + +<p><br /></p> + +<h3>HONOLULU:</h3> +<h4>PRINTED AT THE GOVERNMENT PRESS.</h4> +<h4>1861.</h4> + +<p><br /></p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p> + +<p><br /></p> + +<h2>SPEECHES</h2> +<h4>OF HIS</h4> +<h2>MAJESTY KAMEHAMEHA IV.,</h2> +<h3>AND OTHER DOCUMENTS.</h3> + +<p><br /></p> + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em" class="smcap">December 8, 1854.</span><br /> +</p> + +<p><i>The last Public Proclamation made by His late Majesty King Kamehameha +III.</i><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><h4>PROCLAMATION.</h4> + +<p>Whereas, It has come to my knowledge from the highest official +sources, that my Government has been recently threatened with +overthrow by lawless violence; and whereas the representatives +at my Court, of the United States, Great Britain and France, +being cognizant of these threats, have offered me the prompt +assistance of the Naval forces of their respective countries, +I hereby publicly proclaim my acceptance of the aid thus +proffered in support of my Sovereignty. My independence is +more firmly established than ever before.</p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;">KAMEHAMEHA.</span> +</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2.5em" class="smcap">Keoni Ana.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2.5em" class="smcap">Palace</span>, 8th December, 1854.<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 5.5em;">By the King and Kuhina Nui.</span> +</p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: .5em;"> R. C. WYLLIE</span><br /><br /><br /><br /> +</p> +</div> + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">December 15th, 1854.</span></span> +<br /> +</p> + +<p><i>Public Proclamation of the Succession To the Throne of His Majesty +Kamehameha IV.</i><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><h4>PROCLAMATION.</h4> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p> + +<p>Whereas, It has pleased Almighty God to remove from this world +our beloved Sovereign, His late Majesty, Kamehameha III.; and +whereas, by the will of His late Majesty, and by the +appointment and Proclamation of His Majesty and of the House +of Nobles, His Royal Highness, Prince Liholiho, was declared +to be His Majesty's Successor. Therefore, Public Proclamation +is hereby made, that Prince Alexander Liholiho is KING of the +Hawaiian Islands, under the style of <span class="smcap">Kamehameha IV</span>. God +preserve the King.</p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 3.0em;">KEONI ANA,</span><br /> +<span style="padding-right: 2em;">Kuhina Nui.</span> +</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2.5em" class="smcap">December 15th, 1854</span>. +<br /><br /><br /><br /> +</p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">December 16th, 1854.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Address to His Privy Council of State in reply to their +Condolences over the Death of His late Majesty Kamehameha III.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Chiefs:</span>—I have become by the Will of God, your Father, as I +have been your Child. You must help me, for I stand in need of +help.</p> + +<p>To you Ministers, and other high officers of State of Our late +King, I return my sincere thanks for the expressions of +condolence with which you have this morning comforted me. I +request of you to continue your labors, in the several +positions you have hitherto held, until when my grief shall +have allowed me time for reflection, I make such new +arrangements as shall seem proper.</p> + +<p>I thank the Members of this Council, in general for their +condolence, who will, also, I hope, assist me with their +advice, as though they had been appointed by myself.</p><br /><br /><br /></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">January 11, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Address on the occasion of taking the Oath prescribed by +the Constitution. Extr. from</i> Polynesian, <i>Jan. 13, 1855.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I solemnly swear, in the presence of Almighty God, to maintain +the Constitution of the Kingdom whole and inviolate, and to +govern in conformity with that and the laws.</p></div> + +<p>Immediately afterwards, His Highness the Kuhina Nui repeated the words +"God preserve the King," which were re-echoed everywhere throughout the +Church with loud cheers; His Majesty's Royal Standard and the National +Ensign were hoisted and a royal salute fired from the fort.</p> + +<p>Afterwards it pleased the King to make a solemn and eloquent address, in +native, to His subjects, which was received by them with great +enthusiasm, a translation of which is as follows:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><i>Give ear Hawaii o Keawe! Maui o Kama! Oahu o Kuihewa! Kauai o +Mano!</i></p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p> +<p>In the providence of God, and by the will of his late Majesty +Kamehameha III., this day read in your hearing, I have been called to the +high and responsible position of the Chief Ruler of this +nation. I am deeply sensible of the importance and sacredness +of the great trust committed to my hands, and in the discharge +of this trust, I shall abide by the Constitution and laws +which I have just sworn to maintain and support. It is not my +wish to entertain you on the present occasion with pleasant +promises for the future; but I trust that the close of my +career will show that I have not been raised to the head of +this nation to oppress and curse it, but on the contrary to +cheer and bless it, and that when I come to my end, I may, +like the beloved Chief whose funeral we yesterday celebrated, +pass from earth amid the bitter lamentation of my people.</p> + +<p>The good, the generous, the kind hearted Kamehameha is now no +more. Our great Chief has fallen! But though dead he still +lives. He lives in the hearts of his people! He lives in the +liberal, the just, and the beneficent measures which it was +always his pleasure to adopt. His monuments rise to greet us +on every side. They may be seen in the church, in the school +house, and the hall of justice; in the security of our persons +and property; in the peace, the law, the order and general +prosperity that prevail throughout the islands. He was the +friend of the Makaainana, the father of his people, and so +long as a Hawaiian lives his memory will be cherished!</p> + +<p>By the death of Kamehameha III., the chain that carried us +back to the ancient days of Kamehameha I. has been broken. He +was the last child of that great Chieftain, but how unlike the +father from whom he sprung. Kamehameha I. was born for the age +in which he lived, the age of war and of conquest. Nobly did +he fulfill the destiny for which he was created, that of +reducing the islands from a state of anarchy and constant +warfare to one of peace and unity under the rule of one king. +With the accession of Kamehameha II. to the throne the tabus +were broken, the wild orgies of heathenism abolished, the +idols thrown drown, and in their place was set up the worship +of the only living and true God. His was the era of the +introduction of Christianity and all its peaceful influences. +He was born to commence the great moral revolution which began +with his reign, and he performed his cycle. The age of +Kamehameha III. was that of progress and of liberty—of +schools and of civilization. He gave us a Constitution and +fixed laws; he secured the people in the title to their lands, +and removed the last chain of oppression. He gave them a voice +in his councils and in the making of the laws by which they +are governed. He was a great national benefactor, and has left +the impress of his mild and amiable disposition on the age for +which he was born.</p> + +<p>To-day we begin a new era. Let it be one of increased +civilization—one of decided progress, industry, temperance, +morality, and all those virtues which mark a nation's advance. +This is beyond doubt a critical period in the history of our +country, but I see no reason to despair. We have seen the tomb +close over our Sovereign, but it does not bury our hopes. If +we are united as <i>one individual</i> in seeking the peace, the +prosperity and independence of our country, we shall not be +overthrown. The importance of this unity is what I most wish +to impress upon your minds. Let us be one and we shall not +fall!</p></div><p> +<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"> +<p>On <i>my</i> part I shall endeavor to give you a mild, and liberal +government, but at the same time one sufficiently vigorous to +maintain the laws, secure you in all your rights of persons +and property, and not too feeble to withstand the assaults of +faction. On <i>your</i> part I shall expect you to contribute your +best endeavors to aid me in maintaining the Constitution, +supporting the laws, and upholding our Independence.</p></div> + +<p>It further pleased His Majesty, in accordance with a suggestion made to +him, to make the following <i>impromptu</i> remarks, in English, to +foreigners owing allegiance to him, and others residing in his +dominions:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>A few remarks addressed on this occasion, to you, the foreign +portion of the assembly present, may not be inappropriate.</p> + +<p>You have all been witnesses this day to the solemn oath I have +taken in the presence of Almighty God and this assembly, to +preserve inviolate the Constitution. This is no idle ceremony. +The Constitution which I have sworn to maintain has its +foundation laid in the deep and immutable principles of +Liberty, Justice and Equality, and by these, and none other, I +hope to be guided in the administration of my Government. As +the ruler of this people, I shall endeavor, with the blessing +of God, to seek the welfare of my subjects, and at the same +time to consult their wishes. In these endeavors I shall +expect the hearty co-operation of all classes—foreigners as +well as natives.</p> + +<p>His Majesty Kamehameha III., now no more, was preeminently the +friend of the foreigner; and I am happy in knowing he enjoyed +your confidence and affection. He opened his heart and hand +with a royal liberality, and gave till he had little to bestow +and you but little to ask. In this respect I cannot hope to +equal him, but though I may fall far behind I shall follow in +his footsteps.</p> + +<p>To be kind and generous to the foreigner, to trust and confide +in him, is no new thing in the history of our race. It is an +inheritance transmitted to us by our forefathers. The founder +of our dynasty was ever glad to receive assistance and advice +from foreigners. His successor, not deviating from the policy +of his father, listened not only to the voice of a missionary, +and turned with his people to the light of Christianity, but +against the wishes of the nation left his native land to seek +for advice and permanent protection at a foreign Court. +Although he never returned alive, his visit shows plainly what +were his feelings towards the people of foreign countries. I +cannot fail to heed the example of my ancestors. I therefore +say to the foreigner that he is welcome. He is welcome to our +shores—welcome so long as he comes with the laudable motive +of promoting his own interests and at the same time respecting +those of his neighbor. But if he comes here with no more +exalted motive than that of building up his own interests at +the expense of the native—to seek our confidence only to +betray it—with no higher ambition than that of overthrowing +our Government, and introducing anarchy, confusion and +bloodshed—then is he most unwelcome!</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p> + +<p>The duties we owe to each other are reciprocal. For my part I +shall use my best endeavors, in humble reliance on the Great +Ruler of all, to give you a just, liberal and satisfactory +Government. At the same time I shall expect you in return to assist me in +sustaining the Peace, the Law, the Order and the Independence +of my Kingdom.</p></div> + +<p>The preceding is the address, as it was taken down at the time, by a +practised stenographer.</p> + +<p>His Majesty afterwards, from the portico of the church, addressed, in +native, a crowd of several thousand, who had not been able to find room +in the church, and who had congregated in front thereof, outside the +military. The crowd listened in breathless silence, and when the King +concluded, cheered His Majesty most rapturously.</p> + +<p>The whole solemn proceedings were conducted with admirable order, and +His Majesty throughout appeared calm, collected and dignified.<br /><br /><br /></p> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">January 6th, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Extract from the</i> Polynesian <i>of January 6, 1855.</i><br /></p> + + + +<h4>OBITUARY.</h4> + +<h4>[UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORITY.]</h4> + +<p>His late Majesty, Kauikeouli Kaleiopapa Kuakamanolani, Mahinalani, +Kalaninuiwaiakua, Keaweawealaokalani, whose royal style was Kamehameha +III., was born on the 17th March, 1813, in Keauhou, District of Kona, +Hawaii. His father was the renowned king and conqueror, Kamehameha I. +His mother was Keopuolani, daughter of Kiwaloa, son of Kalaiopuu, of +Kau, Hawaii. On the day before her death, while conversing with the +celebrated chief Kalaimoku, respecting her children, she said, "I wish +that my two children Kauikeouli, and Nahienaena (her daughter), should +know God and serve him, and be instructed in Christianity. I wish you to +take care of these my two children,—see that they walk in the right +way, counsel them, let them not associate with bad companions." But +after her death, the chief who had the immediate charge of the young +Prince's person was Kaikeoewa. When he retired to Lanai, Kaahumanu +placed the Prince under the immediate charge of Boki. The earliest +education which the infant Prince received, was at Kailua, from the Rev. +A. Thurston, and Thomas Hopu, a native who had been educated in the +United States. In Honolulu the Prince became the pupil of the Rev. Hiram +Bingham.</p> + +<p>The young Prince had the misfortune to lose his father Kamehameha, on +the 8th of May, 1819, and his mother Keopuolani, on the 16th<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> of +September, 1823. Towards the end of that year King Kamehameha II. +(Liholiho), embarked for England, where he died in 1824. The royal +remains were conveyed back to the islands in the British frigate +"Blonde," commanded by Lord Byron, in 1825. Soon afterwards, say in May, +1825, the reign of Kamehameha III. commenced, but under the political +guidance of a supreme ruler, or "Kuhina Nui," till March, 1833, when he +declared to the chiefs his wish to take into his own hands the lands for +which his father had toiled, the powers of life and death, and the +undivided sovereignty,—and confirmed Kinau (Kaahumanu II.) as his +"Kuhina Nui." He then took into his own hands the reins of sovereign +power, in the twentieth year of his age. How he has exercised that +power, during the twenty-one years that intervened between its +assumption and the 15th December last, when Death released him of all +royal and other earthly cares, it will be the duty of his future +biographer to show. His memory is, and must ever be, dear to his +subjects, for the free constitutions which he voluntarily granted to +them in 1840 and in 1852; for his support of religion and patronage of +education; for his conferring upon them, and upon foreigners, the right +to hold lands in fee simple, and for his willing abandonment of all the +arbitrary powers and right of universal seignorial land-lordship, which +he had inherited. There is scarcely in history, ancient or modern, any +king to whom so many public reforms and benefits can be ascribed, as the +achievements of only twenty-one years of his reign. Yet what king has +had to contend with so many difficulties, arising from ignorance, +prejudice, scanty revenue, inexperience and ineptitude, as his late +Majesty King Kamehameha III.? It was only in 1844 that His Majesty had +the assistance of a responsible legal counsellor, and of a Secretary of +State; only in 1845 that a proper separation of the departments of +government was attempted, and a cabinet formed. The political principles +then established by His Majesty were the following, viz:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>"That monarchy in the Sandwich Islands is indispensable to the +preservation of the King, the chiefs and the natives. That it +is the duty of the Ministers, in all their measures, to have a +single eye to the preservation of the King, the chiefs and the +natives.</p> + +<p>"That the existence of the King, chiefs and the natives, can +only be preserved by having a government efficient for the +administration of enlightened justice, both to natives and the +subjects of foreign powers residing in the islands, and that +chiefly through missionary efforts the natives have made such +progress in education and knowledge, as to justify the belief +that by further training, they may be rendered capable of +conducting efficiently the affairs of government; but that +they are not at present so far advanced.</p></div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"> +<p>"That the best means of bringing them to that desired state, +are the careful study of proper books, and the practical +knowledge of business, to be acquired by ascending through the +different gradations of office, under foreign ministers.</p> + +<p>"That such foreign ministers hold their commissions only by +the grace of the King, and agree to surrender them at the will +of His Majesty in favor of native subjects, whenever they +become properly qualified.</p> + +<p>"That the King being recognized as Sovereign by Great Britain, +France, the United States and Belgium, has to maintain his +position and rank as such, and that all his ministers and +officers are to assist him in doing so, by deporting +themselves towards him with that respect and consideration to +which all sovereigns are entitled; and to discharge their +duties so as to do honor to his appointment and credit to +themselves.</p> + +<p>"That it is the duty of the ministry to discourage all +republican tendencies and specious attempts to degrade the +King to the rank of a mere superior chief, as calculated to +undermine his influence and authority, and place the islands +in subjection to white men.</p> + +<p>"That the subjection of the islands to white men, would lead +to the extinction of the native race.</p> + +<p>"That the ministers ought to promote the numerical increase of +the natives, and their happiness, and wealth, by encouraging +religion, education, the arts and sciences.</p> + +<p>"That the co-operation of Christian missionaries should be +admitted towards these objects, but that they shall not +interfere in the purely political concerns of the King's +Government.</p> + +<p>"That equal rights and privileges should be allowed to all +foreign nations.</p> + +<p>"That the revenue necessary to support the King's Government, +religion, schools, and to reward public services, should be +raised without such oppressive taxes as would oppress the +natives, and shackle their industry.</p> + +<p>"That the faith of all treaties, conventions, contracts, +engagements, and even promises, should be religiously +observed.</p> + +<p>"That a constitution and code of laws be provided, adapted to +the genius of the nation, to the climate and soil, and to the +wealth, the manners, and the customs, and the numbers of the +people."</p></div> + +<p>These principles, so far as they could be applied to the good of his +people, were faithfully adhered to by the late King, as will be seen by +his recommendations to the Legislature, embodied in his speeches for the +last nine years, which have been published together. The annual reports +of his Ministers, and of his Chancellor and Chief Justice, best show +whether those principles have been <i>mere profession</i>, or have had an +<i>operative effect</i>, in promoting that progress which, for the last +<i>decade</i> of his late Majesty's reign, has unquestionably surpassed that +of any other nation during the same period of time. All the reforms +effected have been achieved without the creation of a national debt, and +without one violent convulsion. The inference is irresistible,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> that +monarchs may spring from the Hawaiian race, capable of well performing +all the duties of constitutional sovereignty, and of fulfilling all the +requirements of the government of an enlightened, independent nation, +both in its internal and foreign relations.</p> + +<p>Revolutionary violence, therefore, has no excuse except in the selfish +rapacity which prompts it. It cannot plead the example of any country +bordering on the Pacific, where life and property are more secure than +they have been here, under the reign of the late King; where foreigners +enjoy greater privileges, and where, like this Kingdom, foreign commerce +(excepting spirituous liquors) pays a contribution to the State of <i>only +5 per cent. ad valorem</i>.</p> + +<p>In private life, the late King was mild, kind, affable, generous and +forgiving. He was never more happy than when free from the cares and +trappings of state. He could enjoy himself sociably with his friends, +who were much attached to him. Having associated much, while a boy, with +foreigners, he continued to the last to be fond of their company. +Without his personal influence, the law to allow them to hold lands in +fee simple could never have been enacted; neither could conflicting +claims to land have been settled and registered by that most useful +institution, the Board of Land Commissioners. It is hardly possible to +conceive any King more generally beloved than was his late Majesty; more +universally obeyed, or more completely sovereign in the essential +respect of independent sovereignty, that of governing his subjects free +from any influence or control coming from beyond the limits of his own +jurisdiction.</p> + +<p>The sister of the late King, the Princess Nahienaena, died on the 30th +December, 1836.</p> + +<p>On the 4th of February, 1837, the late King was married to Kalama, +daughter of Naihekukui, who has survived his Majesty, and is now the +Queen Dowager. The King had by her two children, Keaweaweula and +Keaweaweula 2d, who died in their infancy.</p> + +<p>Being childless, the late King adopted as his son and heir <span class="smcap">Alexander +Liholiho</span>, who was born on the 9th of February, 1834, and who now happily +reigns as <span class="smcap">King Kamehameha IV</span>. +<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span><br /><br /><br /></p> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">January 16, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Replies made by His Majesty to the Congratulations of the +Representatives and Consuls of Foreign Nations and the Commanders of +Foreign Ships of War in port.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<p>It pleased His Majesty to make the following replies:</p> + +<p>To the Diplomatic Corps:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—You cannot desire your remarks to be more +gratifying than I feel them to be. In reply, I thank you, and +hope that the amicable feelings which have hitherto existed +between the several countries you represent and my own, may +never be impaired. For my part I shall lose no opportunity to +improve and strengthen them. Gentlemen, I thank you.</p></div> + +<p>To the Consular Corps:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—Your remarks are also very gratifying to me. The +geographical position of my islands is indeed such as to point +out plainly enough our policy—to make our ports what +Providence destined them to be; places of safety, refuge and +refreshment for the ships and merchants of all countries. +Nothing more bespeaks the prosperity of a people than the +extent of its intercourse with foreign countries. My utmost +exertions shall be given to foster that intercourse between +the countries, whose commercial interests here are placed in +your hands, and my islands. This I shall do the more heartily +from a pleasant remembrance of the harmony of our relations +heretofore.</p></div> + +<p>To the officers of men-of-war:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—The feelings expressed by you on this occasion +afford me sincere pleasure. The ports of my islands will +always be open to receive the vessels and ships of war of the +three nations which you represent—the three greatest maritime +powers of the earth—the three greatest supporters of the +independence of my kingdom.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">January 16th, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Address made by His Majesty to His Ministers and High Officers of State +on receiving their Portfolios.</i><br /><br /></p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—On calling you to the high posts you respectively +fill, I propose to make a few remarks, with the request that +you will bear them constantly in mind. First, let me impress +upon you the importance of unity of purpose and action, for I +consider it impossible for the business of government to be +effectively carried out, unless there exist a great unanimity +of feeling among its officers. I have chosen you, because, I +thought that being actuated by one common policy, your +deliberations would be free from suspicious reserve, and your +actions all tend to one end. In a Cabinet divided into +factions, differing on fundamental points of policy, I could +place no confidence; and should I find mine thus divided, I +should feel it my duty to reorganize +it. I am determined that my Government, if any power vested in +me can attain that object, shall be respected for its honesty +and efficiency. Unsupported by these two pillars, no kingdom +is safe. I desire every part of the machinery of government to +move in unison; to subserve the great purposes for which it +was intended; and to be conducted with the strictest economy. +Though young, with the help of God, I shall endeavor to be +firm and faithful in the execution of the high trust devolved +upon me, and never let my feelings, as a man, overcome my +duties as a King. From all my counsellors I desire frank and +faithful advice, and those who advise me honestly, have +nothing to fear; while those who may abuse my confidence and +advise me more from personal interests than regard for the +public good, have nothing to hope.</p></div> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>One word in regard to the nominations for office which +according to law it becomes your duty to make, and I have +done. Let your subordinates be recommended by at least these +qualifications—honesty, temperance, industry and adaptation +to the places they are to fill; and let them be men in whom +you see good grounds for placing confidence.</p> + +<p>May success crown your efforts and after years approve my +judgment in calling you to office.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">April 7, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Speech in English and Hawaiian at the Opening of the +Legislature, April 7, 1855.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—It has pleased the Almighty to +gather to his forefathers my beloved Predecessor. This +bereavement has been to me the source of the deepest sorrow; +but my grief has been assuaged by the sympathy of this whole +nation, in whom I see innumerable and ever-gathering proofs of +the love and gratitude they bore their departed Chief.</p> + +<p>You meet this day in conformity with the Constitution he gave +you. Had his suggestions, on the many occasions he addressed +you from the place I now occupy, been matured by your +deliberations, and carried into effect, there would, perhaps, +be little for me to recommend, or for you to perform. The +measures he initiated reflect lustre upon his name, and if by +any endeavor of mine those measures shall be perfected, I +shall consider it indeed an honor.</p> + +<p>In the exercise of my prerogative, I have availed myself of an +Act passed during your last session, and since approved by me, +by virtue of which I have separated the offices of Kuhina Nui +and Minister of the Interior. To the former post I have called +her Royal Highness, Princess Victoria Kamamalu. The Ministry +of the Interior remains in the same hands as heretofore, as do +the other portfolios of my Government; for, young and newly +come to this responsible position, I have gladly availed +myself of the wisdom and experience of the counsellors of our +deceased King.</p></div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have instructed the high officers of my government to lay +before you reports of their several departments.</p> + +<p>For a history of the Judiciary Department during the last +year, and for certain changes proposed in our laws, I would +refer you to the report of my Chancellor. His recommendations, +especially those suggesting remedies for the great evils which +are so speedily destroying our race, meet my most hearty +approval, and are worthy of your serious consideration.</p> + +<p>I trust you will be able to devise such wise and salutary +measures as shall effectually check licentiousness and +intemperance.</p> + +<p>The doors of Justice are open to all, and so far as I am +informed, its administration in the higher courts has been +prompt, efficient and satisfactory. Of the inferior +magistrates, there has been some complaint, no doubt in many +instances with reason; but the character of district justices +has greatly improved within the past few years, and it is to +be hoped it will continue to improve. Weak as we are, and +imperfect as our Government may be, it will not be doubted, I +think, that there is no country in which there is more entire +security for life, liberty, person and property.</p> + +<p>His Royal Highness, Prince Kamehameha, on whom has devolved +the chief military command, will exhibit to you in his report, +which is embodied in that of the Secretary at War, the plans +he has in contemplation to render efficient the important +service intrusted to his care. I have to request that you will +give this subject the grave attention it deserves. His late +Majesty urged the matter upon you frequently, but the +appropriations have hitherto been insufficient for any +permanent or efficient organization of that important +department. I indulge a strong hope that you will remedy this +deficiency, and place the Department of War upon a firm and +better footing.</p> + +<p>Deeply imbued with a sense of the responsibility that rests +upon my Government, not only to foster, but to lead the way in +all that tends to the general good, I would invite your +earnest attention to the recommendations that will be laid +before you by my Minister of the Interior, and particularly to +that portion of his report relating to the proposed +improvements in the harbor of Honolulu. The facilities that +would be afforded in the loading and unloading of vessels, +native as well as foreign; the extra inducements that these +new accommodations would hold out to those parties who +contemplate making this port a place where ocean steamers may +seek refreshments, and take in coal and water; the general +impetus that would be given to trade by providing, at the +water's edge, a site for the erection of warehouses; and the +hundred other conveniences proper to a maritime city;—all +these considerations prove to my mind the propriety of +proceeding energetically with a work so national in its +character that no part of the islands can fail to share in +many of its advantages. To your wisdom it belongs to consider +in what way the funds necessary to effect this great +improvement may be best procured.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span></p> + +<p>It is gratifying to me, on commencing my reign, to be able to +inform you, that my relations with all the great Powers, +between whom and myself exist treaties of amity, are of the +most satisfactory nature. I have received from all of them, +assurances that leave no room to doubt that my rights and +sovereignty will be respected. My policy, as regards all +foreign nations, being that of peace, impartiality and +neutrality, in the spirit of the Proclamation by the late +King, of the 16th May last, and of the Resolutions of the +Privy Council of the 15th June and 17th July, I have given to +the President of the United States, at his request, my solemn +adhesion to the rule, and to the principles establishing the +rights of neutrals during war, contained in the Convention +between his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, and the +United States, concluded in Washington on the 22d July last.</p> + +<p>I have exchanged my ratification for that, by my great and +good friend, His Majesty Oscar, King of Sweden and Norway, of +the treaty concluded at my Court on the 1st day of July, 1852.</p> + +<p>I have ordered my Minister of Foreign Relations to inform you +of all treaties with foreign nations negotiated under the late +reign, of the progressive steps by which the sovereignty and +independence of this Kingdom have become so generally +acknowledged, and of the transactions generally of the +Department under his charge.</p> + +<p>I have committed an important mission to the Honorable William +L. Lee, Chancellor of the Kingdom and Chief Justice of the +Supreme Court, and have accredited him as my Envoy +Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, from which mission +I anticipate important results for the benefit of you all, +which will be made known to you hereafter. In the meanwhile, I +recommend you to vote such a sum as, in your wisdom, you may +deem adequate for the expenses of that mission.</p> + +<p>My Minister of Finance will submit, for your considerations, +certain important measures relating to the National finances; +and you cannot fail to be impressed with the necessity of +devising some means of enlarging them. Without more extended +means we must remain in the position of having the will, +without the power, to stimulate agriculture and commerce, and +to provide generally for the physical, mental and moral +improvement of the nation. As a preparatory step towards +increasing the sources of revenue, we must increase the +revenue to be drawn from such sources as already exist. But, +restricted as we are, by treaty, from exercising a right +common to all free communities, we are unable to impose +discriminating duties on foreign imports, which, whilst +supplying the Treasury with additional means, would enhance +the price of articles of luxury only. To regain the right of +which we have, for the present, divested ourselves, it may be +necessary that you reconsider the act by which the duty on +spirituous liquors is now regulated. The Minister of Finance +laid this subject before you last year in a clear and able +manner, and his views have been confirmed by the experience of +another year. Whether it would be wise to assist the revenue +by a tax on property, is for you to determine.</p> + +<p>To foster education and widen every channel that leads to +knowledge, is one of our most imperative duties. It will be +for you to determine what obstacles, if any, exist, to the +general enlightenment of my people. On this subject there will +be submitted for your consideration, certain proposed changes +in the Department of Public Instruction. It is of the highest +importance, in my opinion, that education in the English +language should become more general, for it is my firm +conviction that unless my subjects become educated in this +tongue, their hope of intellectual progress, and of meeting +the foreigners on terms of equality, is a vain one.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span></p> + +<p>It is a melancholy fact that agriculture, as now practiced, is +not a business of so prosperous and lucrative a nature as to +induce men of means to engage in it; and capital is absolutely necessary to +the successful production of our great staples, sugar, coffee +and tobacco. I beg you, therefore, to consider whether there +exist any restrictions, the removal of which would give new +life to this important source of national prosperity, and tend +to create a juster balance between our imports and exports. I +need hardly mention the obligation that weighs upon you, to +open wide our ports to commerce. Without commerce our +agricultural produce might moulder in our warehouses; roads, +and interisland communication almost cease to exist; the +making of wharves become a work of supererogation, and the +opening and closing of stores an idle ceremony. As the +legislators of a young commercial nation, we should be liberal +in our measures, and far-sighted in our views.</p> + +<p>A subject of deeper importance, in my opinion, than any I have +hitherto mentioned, is that of the decrease of our population. +It is a subject, in comparison with which all others sink into +insignificance; for, our first and great duty is that of +self-preservation. Our acts are in vain unless we can stay the +wasting hand that is destroying our people. I feel a heavy, +and special responsibility resting upon me in this matter; but +it is one in which you all must share; nor shall we be +acquitted by man, or our Maker, of a neglect of duty, if we +fail to act speedily and effectually in the cause of those who +are every day dying before our eyes.</p> + +<p>I think this decrease in our numbers may be stayed; and happy +should I be if, during the first year of my reign, such laws +should be passed as to effect this result. I would commend to +your special consideration the subject of establishing public +Hospitals; and it might, at first, perhaps, be wise to confine +these hospitals to diseases of one class; and that the most +fatal with which our population is afflicted.</p> + +<p>Intimately connected with this subject is that of preventing +the introduction of fatal diseases and epidemics from abroad. +Visited as we are by vessels from all parts of the world, this +is no easy matter; but I trust your wisdom will devise some +simple and practical remedy.</p> + +<p>It affords me unfeigned pleasure to be able to state that, +according to the returns from most of the districts, the +births during the past year have exceeded the deaths.</p> + +<p>It is to be +<a name="corr1" id="corr1"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn1" title="changed from 'regreted'">regretted</a> +that the Chinese coolie emigrants, to +whom has been given a trial of sufficient length for testing +their fitness to supply our want of labor and population, have +not realized the hopes of those who incurred the expense of +their introduction. They are not so kind and tractable as it +was anticipated they would be; and they seem to have no +affinities, attractions or tendencies to blend with this, or +any other race. In view of this failure it becomes a question +of some moment whether a class of persons more nearly +assimilated with the Hawaiian race, could not be induced to +settle on our shores. It does not seem improbable that a +portion of the inhabitants of other Polynesian groups might be +disposed to come here, were suitable efforts made to lead them +to such a step. In a few days they would speak our language +with ease; they would be acclimated almost before they left +the ships that conveyed them hither; and they might bring with +them their wives, whose fecundity is said to be much greater +than that of Hawaiian females. Such immigrants, besides +supplying the present demand for labor, would pave the way for a future population +of native born Hawaiians, between whom, and those of +aboriginal parents, no distinguishable difference would exist.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p> + +<p>May the issue of your deliberations be crowned with those +successful results which the will of the Almighty only can +bestow.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">June 16, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Speech and Proclamation on the occasion of Dissolving the +Legislature.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—The Legislative Session of 1855 +is now about to close.</p> + +<p>For some of your acts I thank you in common with the meanest +of my subjects, for they embrace the interests of all.</p> + +<p>Newly admitted elements of action have operated upon you, and +given to certain of your measures a vitality that authorizes +me to hope much for the future.</p> + +<p>For the relief you have given to the estate of my Predecessor, +for the feeling of respect and love evinced by you in assuming +with alacrity, the expenses of his obsequies; and for the +loyalty you have shown towards me, and my family, I thank you.</p> + +<p>Mixed with many circumstances that will +<a name="corr2" id="corr2"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn2" title="changed from 'alway'">always</a> +make the +session of 1855 pleasant to reflect upon, there is one that +must overshadow it forever in the minds of us all. The death +of His Excellency, A. Paki, has stamped this year, and, +indeed, removed a pillar of the State. From your own feelings +on the loss of that High Chief and staunch Hawaiian, you may +judge of mine. May the Almighty have us in his keeping, and +bless, and perpetuate the Hawaiian Nation.</p> + +<p>Nobles and Representatives, I regret that you have not been +able to agree upon the details of the Appropriation Bill.</p> + +<p>Therefore, in the exercise of my constitutional prerogative in +such a case, I feel it my duty to dissolve you, and you are +hereby dissolved.</p></div> + + +<div class="blockquot"><h4>PROCLAMATION.</h4> + +<p><span class="smcap">To all Our Loyal Subjects</span>, <i>Greeting</i>:</p> + +<p>We hereby Proclaim that We have this day dissolved the +Legislature of Our Kingdom, by virtue of the power vested in +Us by the Constitution. The exigency contemplated by that +sacred instrument has arisen, by the disagreement of the two +Houses on the Bill of Supplies, which are necessary to carry +on Our Government; and furthermore, the House of +Representatives framed an Appropriation Bill exceeding Our +Revenues, as estimated by Our Minister of Finance, to the +extent of about $200,000, which Bill We could not sanction.</p> + +<p>There seemed no prospect of agreement, inasmuch as the House +of Nobles had made repeated efforts at conciliation with the +House of Representatives, without success, and finally, the +House of Repre<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span>sentatives refused to confer with the House of +Nobles respecting the said Appropriation Bill in its last +stages, and We deemed it Our duty to exercise Our +constitutional prerogative of dissolving the Legislature, and +therefore there are no Representatives of the people in the +Kingdom.</p> + +<p>Therefore, We further proclaim Our Will and Pleasure, that Our +Loyal subjects, in all Our Islands, proceed immediately to +elect new Representatives, according to law, on the 10th day +of July next. And We convoke the Representatives who may be so +elected, to meet in Parliament in Our City of Honolulu, on +Monday, the 30th day of July, of this year, for the special +and only purpose of voting the Supplies necessary to the +administration of Our Government, without oppressing Our +faithful Subjects with unreasonable taxes.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Done in Our Palace of Honolulu, this sixteenth day of June,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">1855, and the first year of Our reign.</span><br /> +</p> + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;">KAMEHAMEHA.</span> +</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Victoria K. Kamamalu.</span></span> +<br /><br /><br /> +</p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">July 30, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Speech at the Opening of the Extraordinary Session of the +Legislature.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—By virtue of the power which the +Constitution declares to be vested in me, I have convoked you +to this Extraordinary Session of the Legislature. Neither the +late dissolution, nor, of course, this Session, would have +occurred under any but extraordinary circumstances. The only +public business of emergency left unfinished at the close of +the late Session, was the passage of the Appropriation +Bill—the most important measure of every Session. It is +solely to pass the Bill I mention that you are now brought +together. I trust that whilst your memories are so freshly +charged with the circumstances that prevented unanimity +between your two Houses in regard to the Bill of Supplies, +upon which you were deliberating when lately I dissolved you, +there will be a desire on the part of all to restrict the +amount appropriated for the current year within the probable +limits of the year's receipts. It is useless to make +appropriations for appearance sake, knowing that they will +not, because they cannot, be acted on. My desire therefore is, +that you will reject at once, in your deliberations, every +item that is not of immediate necessity, since the means at +your disposal will barely suffice for those outlays that are +indispensable. By acting on this suggestion you will save time +and render less likely the recurrence of differences on +questions not of public interest.</p> + +<p>Nobles and Representatives, I hope the Session now opened will +be a very short one, and that you will all cordially unite in +appropriating our small means to the best advantage for the +general good.</p></div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span></p> +<p><br /><br /><br /></p> + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">August 13, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Messages from His Majesty to the House of Nobles and House of +Representatives, Proroguing the Extraordinary Session.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles:</span>—The Extraordinary Session to which I convoked you +having terminated with the completion of the special business +which I recommended to my Parliament, I now thank you for +concurring with the Honorable Representatives of My People, in +voting the supplies indispensable to the administration of My +Government.</p> + +<p>I now free you from further attendance, and prorogue you till +the Session of next year.</p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;">KAMEHAMEHA.</span><br /><br /> +</p> + + +<p><span class="smcap">Honorable Representatives of My People:</span>—Having concluded the +special business for which I convoked you to an Extraordinary +Session, it only remains for me to thank you for the regard +you have shown to the safety and welfare of my Kingdom in +voting the supplies necessary to carry on the business of My +Government, and to free you from further attendance in +Parliament.</p> + +<p>I therefore prorogue you.</p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;">KAMEHAMEHA.</span><br /><br /><br /> +</p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">February 15, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Letter to Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of +Great Britain and Ireland.</i> +<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> +<br /><br /></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Great and Good Friend:</span>—Believing that Your Majesty takes a +sincere interest in every thing which concerns the Hawaiian +nation, I doubt not but that You will partake in my sorrow for +the loss of my Predecessor, Kamehameha III., who died on the +15th of December last.</p> + +<p>In accordance with the will of the late King, and the +Constitution of my Realm, I have succeeded to the throne of my +forefathers. My anxious endeavor will be to rule for the good +of my subjects, and of all foreigners residing within my +jurisdiction; and, in so doing, I shall rely, under God, upon +the sympathy and good will of Your Majesty, and of the British +nation.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 5em;">Your Good Friend,</span><br /> +</p> + +<table summary="signature"> +<tr><td class="tdl">(Signed,)</td> +<td class="tdr">KAMEHAMEHA</td></tr> +</table> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 3.5em">By the King.</span> +</p> + +<table summary="signature"> +<tr><td class="tdl">(Signed,)</td> +<td class="tdr"><span class="smcap"> R. C. Wyllie</span>.</td></tr> +</table> + +</div> + +<p><br /></p> + + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> The same letter, <i>mutatis mutandis</i>, was sent to their +Majesties the Emperor of the French, the Emperor of Russia, Kings of +Denmark, Prussia, Sweden and Norway, Presidents of the United States, of +Hamburg, Bremen, Chile, and Peru. +<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> +</p></div> + + +<p><br /><br /><br /></p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">September 18, 1855.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Reply by His Majesty to the Address of Hon. D. L. Gregg, Commissioner +of the United States, on Presentation of the Letter of the President of +the United States, condoling with His Majesty on the Death of His +Predecessor, and congratulating Him on His Accession to the Throne.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I trust it is almost unnecessary for me to assure you, Mr. +Gregg, that the letter you have just delivered to me from the +President of the Great American Republic could not have +reached me through a more agreeable channel than the hands of +the United States' Commissioner.</p> + +<p>I will not do my own feelings the injustice of attempting to +disguise the fact that, at the present moment this +communication from the Head of your Government, according to +my appreciation of it, loses entirely its formal character, +and appears to express only the sentiments of a Friend, who +has proved himself worthy of that high name. The Treaty +recently negotiated between my Envoy at Washington and Mr. +Marcy, on the part of the Government of the United States, is +indeed but one link in the chain that binds the two countries +in relations of the most happy kind. But it is a convention of +the greatest importance not only to those who are numbered +among my subjects, but to every American citizen who has any +interests upon these islands. I do not doubt but that its +effect will be to call hither more of your enterprising +countrymen, and direct towards the now partially developed +resources of this archipelago, the attention of your +judicious, but ever ready capitalists. Under this treaty we +may expect to see American citizens raising the produce which +American ships will carry to an American market. But their +prosperity will be ours. Indeed, the mutual interests of the +two countries are so interwoven in this regard, that it would +be a difficult task to define a line between them.</p> + +<p>Whatever may be the future in store for these +<a name="corr3" id="corr3"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn3" title="changed from 'island'">islands</a>, +it will +be impossible for any Hawaiian while the nation exists to +forget or undervalue the fostering care which your Great +Country, as a Parent, has extended towards them; and among the +names of individual Americans that will stand out prominently, +I +<a name="corr4" id="corr4"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn4" title="changed from 'forsee'">foresee</a> +a high place assigned to those of Mr. President +Pierce, and the gentleman I have the pleasure to address.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">December 10, 1855.</span></span> +<br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><h4>PROCLAMATION BY THE KING.</h4> + +<p>We hereby proclaim Our pleasure that Tuesday, the first of +January next, be kept as a day of solemn Thanksgiving to +Almighty God for His numberless blessings to Our kingdom and +people.</p> + +<table summary="signature"> +<tr><td class="tdl">(Signed,)</td> +<td class="tdr">KAMEHAMEHA</td></tr> +</table> + +</div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span></p> +<p><br /><br /><br /></p> + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">January 5, 1856.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Notes of an Address by His Majesty, at the Formation of the Hawaiian +Agricultural Society, reported to the</i> Polynesian <i>.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<p>In due course of time His Majesty addressed the meeting. The difficulty +of taking short-hand notes in English of what is being said in the +native dialect, the construction of which is peculiar, a sentence often +beginning at the end and ending in the middle, must be our apology for +doing so little justice to the eloquent language and sound common-sense +ideas expressed by the President.</p> + +<p>After an opening sentence or two, the King spoke to the following +effect:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Convinced of the importance of this undertaking, I consented +to address you to-day. I should not however, have done so, had +I not been fearful that a refusal on my part might have +induced others of more information and better acquainted with +the particular object we have united to foster, to decline in +like manner. At the same time I cannot help thinking and +hoping that my few remarks will be eclipsed by the weight and +breadth of those of other speakers who are to stand before you +on the closing day of this month and other specified days, +according to a resolution passed at our last meeting.</p></div> + +<p>We also caught the following sentence, which, although it may appear a +little disjointed here, was neatly introduced, and bore upon the +argument then being used:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>One of the greatest prospective advantages that we see in the +assiduous pursuit of agriculture, is the reformation it would +work amongst the people. It is not in the ranks of modern +farmers that you must look for the most ignorant or the most +immoral men. We all know that when an individual enters upon +an undertaking of the mode to accomplish which he is ignorant, +he applies for information where it may be found, having +learnt that a man unqualified for his task must fail in it. +Having acquired this much experience, and being solicitous for +the prosperity and happiness of his children, he will on no +account omit sending them to school, so that they may not be +trammelled in after years by ignorance as their father was. +Thus the rising generation is prepared for its work. The +children find themselves on starting in life possessed of the +information necessary to success, whereas their father had to +struggle on his way in the midst of darkness and +misapprehension. Suppose a step similar to the one I have +described were made by the young people from one end of the +islands to the other. Would not ignorance give way to +intelligence? Would not darkness become light? Would not +inexpertness succumb to proficiency? The general result could +only be a largely increased sum of individual and national +prosperity.</p></div> + +<p>The King, who has of late been residing a few miles from Honolulu +superintending some agricultural operations of his own, we believe up<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span>on +the very spot which his great predecessor, Kamehameha I., cultivated +before him, spoke with animation of our natural advantages:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Who ever heard of winter upon our shores? When was it so cold +that the laborer could not go to his field. Where amongst us +shall we find the numberless drawbacks which in less favored +countries the working classes have to contend with? They have +no place in our beautiful group, which rests on the swelling +bosom of the Pacific like a water-lily. With a tranquil heaven +above our heads, and a sun that keeps his jealous eye upon us +every day, whilst his rays are so tempered that they never +wither prematurely what they have warmed into life, we ought +to be agriculturists in heart as well as practice.</p></div> + +<p>The following sentence contains a truth to which thousands can testify:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I wish to allude to a bad custom which prevails amongst us. I +mean the foolish hospitality extended everywhere towards the +lazy and good-for-nothing equally with those who are worthy of +it. A young man, able bodied and fit for work, lies in the +house upon which he confers the honor of a visit, whilst his +friends go out to labor. When they come back they share with +him their scanty meal, and he is not ashamed to eat of it. Is +that as it should be? Is it not a thing which we ought to feel +as a disgrace—a custom that reflects upon the heads of the +old and the hearts of the young? I am well aware that the +sharing of food with every stranger and visitor that comes +along is dignified with the name of ancient Hawaiian +hospitality. I now tell you it is not true hospitality. Can +that hospitality be correct in theory or practice which sends +old men and sick men to work under a hot sun, whilst lusty +young people lie in the house playing at cards.</p></div> + +<p>There is a very wholesome tone in this remark:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>At present we are a poor people, for the surplus produced by +the few who work is consumed by the many who claim at their +hands the rights of your boasted hospitality. Never close your +doors on those who are hungry through sickness, misfortune, or +the wrongs they have received; but on the other hand never +help those who are too lazy to help themselves.</p></div> + +<p>Another nail is most decidedly hit on the head in the following:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I will allude to another bad feature in the native mind; I +mean the idea in which too many of you indulge, that a fortune +if not made in a day, ought to be acquired in a very short +space of time. If a man does not get rich in the first few +months of his endeavoring to do so, he suddenly relaxes in his +exertions, subsides into his native indolence, and becomes a +laughing stock to those whose ideas are in advance of his own. +You say commonly, everything a foreigner touches he turns into +money. But the fact is that if you worked and persevered as +the foreigners do, then you would grow rich like them. There +are three essentials to success in cultivating the soil. The +first is a place to cultivate—the second, the hands to work +with—and the third, perseverance. You have all your patches +granted you by law; your hands are not tied either by natural +or artificial bonds—but as cultivators you do not succeed, +because you have no perseverance.</p></div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span></p> + +<p>The concluding sentence was almost word for word as under:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The great sources of poverty amongst Hawaiians are laziness +and the want of perseverance. I know that what I now say is a +matter of which you and I also have cause to be ashamed. But +placed in the position I occupy, and as a Father to my people, +I cannot hide the fact.</p></div> + +<p>The King's address was listened to with great earnestness, and every now +and then we heard subdued expressions of <i>Oiaio no</i> (True, true,) from +different parts of the house. At present we see no cause to doubt that +much good will result from the new society, and to those who interest +themselves in it we hope to see the honor given which they undoubtedly +deserve.<br /><br /><br /></p> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">March 3, 1856.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Remarks to the Hon. W. L. Lee, on his being officially +presented and resuming his Seat in the Privy Council, after his return +from the Embassy to the United States.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I take great pleasure, Judge Lee, in your return to my +islands, and I extend to you on behalf of myself and Chiefs a +hearty welcome. Your valuable services in the United States +have been such as to merit our warmest thanks and approval, +and I trust the success of your mission may strengthen the +friendly relations existing between the United States and my +Kingdom. It is my desire that you should resume the duties of +your department as head of the Judiciary, as soon as +convenient, but that in so doing you should make your labors +secondary to the improvement of your health.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">April 5, 1856.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Speech on the Occasion of the Opening of the Session of +the Hawaiian Legislature of 1856.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p> +<span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—I have convoked you to meet this +day under the provision of our Constitution now in force, +which provides for an Annual Session of the Legislative Body; +and with humble thankfulness to the Ruler of Nations, I +felicitate you upon the prosperity which has attended us, as a +people, during the past year.</p> + +<p>I am happy to inform you that since your last meeting I have +received from the Heads of nearly all the first class Powers +of the present century, assurances of friendship, accompanied, +in some instances, with promises of assistance should occasion +require it. Never did I consider our hope of stability as a +nation so well founded as they are at this moment.</p></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>One of the most important features in my Foreign Relations +during the past year, is that of the Mission upon which my Special +Envoy, the Honorable William L. Lee, proceeded to Washington, +where he was most cordially received, and whose exertions have +been attended with the happiest results. They have opened, in +the minds of our agriculturists and those who study the +progress of our people as producers, hopes, which only need +the confirmation of the Senate of the United States to become +permanently realized, and greatly conducive to our prosperity.</p> + +<p>Negotiations have, for some time past, been in progress +between my Ministers of Foreign Relations and Finance, and the +Commissioner of the Emperor of France, for a new Treaty +between that Sovereign and myself. For farther particulars +regarding my Relations abroad, I refer you to the Report of my +Minister of that Department.</p> + +<p>My Minister of War will furnish you a Report showing the +appropriation, necessary to be made for the support of the +Military during the ensuing year.</p> + +<p>The administration of Justice, during the past year, +especially in the higher Courts of Judicature, has been such +as to give general satisfaction.</p> + +<p>Respecting the business of the Judiciary Department, I would +refer you to the Report of my Chancellor. The measures he +proposes are worthy of being seriously deliberated upon, and I +earnestly recommend to your early consideration that for the +suppression of intoxication. It is painful to notice the +increase of this evil in Honolulu, arising principally from +the sale of cheap and noxious compounds. In connection with +this subject, I would call your attention to the evil arising +from the sale of opium to Chinese Coolies, which, unless +speedily checked, I fear may spread among our own race.</p> + +<p>In the Report of my Minister of the Interior you will not fail +to observe a valuable suggestion proposing a fundamental +change in the appointment of the officers intrusted with the +making and preserving of our public roads. It is to the effect +that persons chosen for their ability be appointed by the +executive, in lieu of the Superintendents elected at present +by the tax payers of each district, a system the experience of +several years has proved to be accompanied with many abuses.</p> + +<p>I recommend to your notice the several other points contained +in that Report, especially that asking for an authorization to +grant Title Deeds to persons who have proved their claims +before the Land Commission, but received no Patents, in +consequence of surveys not having been made of the Kuleanas to +which they were entitled, and to Konohikis whose lands are +described in the Book of Division, but who have not received +their Awards. Also, the continuation of the Inter-island Mail +Carrier service, and, above all, an appropriation for the +purchase of a proper steamer, to assist intercourse between +the Islands of this group, and encourage industry.</p> + +<p>You will perceive by the detailed Report of my Minister of +Finance that the liabilities of my Treasury have been promptly +discharged and the public credit fully sustained, +notwithstanding the large expenditure made for important +public improvements. The law for the more just and equal +collection of Taxes, passed at your last Session, has operated +favorably on the national finances, although I am of opinion +that some alterations in its provisions would still further +improve it.</p></div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>In addition to the ordinary expenses of the Government, you +will see the necessity of appropriations sufficient to +complete the public works already commenced, even though it +should be necessary to resort to the loan authorized by the +law of the last Session.</p> + +<p>My Minister of Finance has also called your attention to the +important subject of a Usury law, which I commend to your +favorable consideration.</p> + +<p>He has likewise alluded to a proposed mode of payment for the +steamer before mentioned, which may, I trust, preclude all +embarrassment to my Treasury.</p> + +<p>You cannot, at present, regard the law imposing duties on +imports passed at your last Session, as a basis for +appropriations, because it is uncertain whether it will go +into effect.</p> + +<p>The state and progress of Education among my people during the +past year, you will learn from the Report of the President of +the Board of Education. The change in that Department, by an +Act of the last Legislature, has proved, thus far, to be +beneficial. It is particularly gratifying to know that +instruction in the English language is prosecuted with so much +success among my native subjects. I recommend you to make as +liberal a provision for the support of this class of schools +as the state of my Treasury will admit.</p> + +<p>I feel so keenly the necessity of some new stimulus to +agriculture, in all its branches, that I very seriously call +your attention to that point, and shall be happy if in your +wisdom you can devise any measures to promote so important an +object. The Native Hawaiian Agricultural Society, lately +instituted, needs your fostering care in the form in which you +have manifested it towards the sister Association. The +decrease of our population, and the means of staying it, +occupy many of my thoughts; and a subject so important cannot +fail to receive your serious consideration. Intimately +connected with the subject last alluded to, is the still +unaccomplished wish of all the true friends of the nation to +see +<a name="corr5" id="corr5"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn5" title="changed from 'an'">a</a> +Hospital established, and I sincerely hope that those +who have foretold difficulties opposed to the success of such +an institution, will at last allow the experiment to be made. +Fearful, as we all must be, of the introduction of any new +diseases to decimate us again, I beg of you to consider by +what means, under Providence, such a calamity may be averted.</p> + +<p>I sincerely trust that the Ruler of all will guide your +deliberations to a result beneficial to the nation.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 24, 1856.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Reply by His Majesty to the Congratulations offered by the House of +Representatives upon His approaching Marriage.</i><br /><br /></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>It is with much pleasure that I receive the congratulations of +the Representatives of my People, upon the contemplated event +of my marriage. Your voice is that of the Nation speaking +through its Representatives, and it is a great satisfaction to +me to have your approval of the important step I am about to +take.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p> + +<p>You express the hope that the union may be the means of +perpetuating our Sovereignty and promoting the welfare of the nation, and I +sincerely unite with you in that hope.</p> + +<p>In conclusion, I thank you, Representatives, for the kind, +prompt and unanimous manner in which you have responded to my +Message.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">June 11, 1856.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Speech upon Proroguing the Session of the Legislature of +1856.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles And Representatives:</span>—At the close of a Session which +has been marked by so much unanimity as that about to +terminate, and during which so much that displays the wisdom +essential to success in legislation has been observable, I +cannot but feel a gratification in meeting you.</p> + +<p>The appropriations you have made for the expenses of my +Government during the next two years, and the zeal you have +displayed to render especially efficient the Bureau of Public +Works, meet with my sincere approval.</p> + +<p>In the matter of one appropriation only, do I entertain any +doubts; but if by any possibility the military establishment +can be maintained upon such a scale as to ensure a promise of +security, no exertions will be wanting on the part of my +Government to do so, without overstepping the amount by you +provided.</p> + +<p>To the members of the House of Representatives I would express +my sincere acknowledgments for the readiness with which they +have interpreted the public feeling, and provided for my +establishment under the new relations which I am about to +assume.</p> + +<p>I have no expectations that any necessity will arise for +calling you together before the stated session of 1858, and I +trust that the interim will be full of prosperity to you and +the nation, the blessing of God making fruitful those +exertions from which I now release you by proroguing the +session.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">November 3, 1856.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><h4>THANKSGIVING.</h4> + +<h4>PROCLAMATION BY THE KING.</h4> + +<p>We, Kamehameha, King of the Hawaiian Islands, hereby issue our +Proclamation agreeably to former custom, that:</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p> + +<p>Whereas, during the year now drawing to a close, we have +enjoyed, as a people, numerous and great blessings; peace and +tranquility have prevailed throughout our islands; we have +been not only free from dangers from abroad, but have +continued to enjoy the most friendly assurances of protection +in our independence from the most powerful governments in the +world; although the times have been hard through the scarcity +of money, and our people have suffered from a drought almost +unparalleled, neither our agriculture nor commerce +has entirely failed; both begin to revive; the crops in most +places have been good; perhaps we have never enjoyed a year of +more general health; our laws have been sustained; religion +and education have been free and prosperous: For all of which +numerous and invaluable blessings we owe, as a nation, a +formal, general and heartfelt tribute of thanksgiving to the +Almighty, on whose favor all prosperity, whether individual or +national, depends.</p> + +<p>We do, therefore, with the advice and consent of our Privy +Council of State, designate and recommend Thursday, the 25th +day of December next, as a day of general and public +Thanksgiving to God, our Heavenly Father, throughout our +islands; and we earnestly invite all good people to a sincere +and prayerful observance of the same.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;">Done at our Palace this 3d day of November, A. D., 1856.</span> +<br /></p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;">KAMEHAMEHA.</span> +</p></div> + +<p><br /><br /><br /></p> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">December 9, 1856.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Address at the Stone Church, before the Meeting of the +Native Agricultural Society, from the</i> Polynesian <i>of Dec. 13</i>.<br /><br /></p> + + +<p>Our reporter caught only some of the more prominent ideas embodied in +the King's address, which was delivered in the pure idiom of the elder +chiefs, by which device he connected, as it were, modern science with +ancient feeling. His train of discourse was nearly as follows:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>It were useless, his Majesty said, to make further +suggestions, for to hear is not always to obey. If only a +tenth part of all the practical hints that had been given from +time to time, by persons standing where he then stood, had +been systematically pursued, the usefulness of the Society +would have been more apparent. Not but that the Society had +done much good, and awakened an interest, in the minds of many +besides its members, which might be considered as the dawn of +a brighter day. His intention was briefly to examine the +actual condition of agriculture science and practice; to show, +not what we might be, but what we are.</p></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>His Majesty spoke of the short-comings of the people as an +agricultural population, and though he set down naught in +malice it is equally certain that he extenuated nothing. This +plain speaking tells with the Hawaiians, especially when it +falls from the lips of their hereditary rulers. In the first +place allusion was made to the almost universal want of +perseverance which marks the character of the laboring classes +more than that of any other. The King showed in few words how +necessary it is to make agriculture an absorbing pursuit, the +only pursuit in fact of the man who engages in it, proving +that the intermission of a day may often render nugatory the +labor of a month. No man in fact having put his hand to the +plough ought to look back, till the last process of all +dependent upon ploughing has been brought to the best possible +issue. In the next place, the want of capital was touched on, +and spoken of as a very serious draw-back, though not +an insurmountable objection to the pursuit of agriculture. In +a country like this where the necessaries of life are so +easily supplied, one man's steady labor will always produce +very much more than one man's sustenance, and the overplus +with ordinary thrift—or what would be considered such in +other lands—becomes so much capital with which to increase +the scope of an individual's exertions, and provide those +means and appliances which by reducing labor add to profit. A +carelessness to observe and communicate the results of +observation as to seasons and localities, was another +peculiarity common amongst the Hawaiians. The natives are too +much inclined to make an attempt without first gaining all the +information procurable in regard to the particular plant or +vegetable they intend to cultivate. Slight variations in the +altitude of different fields above the level of the sea, and +differences in the quality of the soil, produce oftentimes no +less results than failure on the one hand and success on the +other. But the Hawaiians are too apt to make an essay without +previous enquiry, and afterwards to keep to themselves the +result of the experiment. This should not be in a country +which is visited weekly in its whole length and breadth by a +newspaper intended, more than for any other purpose, to spread +a knowledge of practical agriculture and afford a medium for +intercommunication upon points interesting to persons engaged +in the original pursuit of our race. The King enforced this +idea with great earnestness, begging his hearers to look upon +themselves as links in the chain of improvement, dependent +upon the past, as future laborers would depend upon them for +such experience as to seasons, methods and localities as might +be worthy of record and transmission to another generation.</p> + +<p>The absence of methodical habits in the tillers of the soil +was adverted to. Whilst on this subject, the King spoke of the +utter disregard showed for any regularity in the hours of +commencing and leaving off work. This desultory system is +greatly aided by the want of stated hours for taking food and +retiring to rest. If there were a common hour for breakfast +and dinner, the hours for labor would be regulated and +understood. The want of economy, not of time only, but of +material, too, and labor, was then touched on. His Majesty +seemed to be hinting at the old saying that "a stitch in time +saves nine," a fact usually disregarded by the natives of this +country. One gap in a fence is generally a prelude to its +total destruction, whereas half a day's work might save it for +years to come, and prevent the outlay at some future day of +the labor and material necessary to build a new one. But we +cannot follow the line of illustration used to enforce this +point; suffice it to say that the matter was made intelligible +and the value of economy fully vindicated. After some remarks +on roads and means of communication by water, in which steam +was spoken of as one of the agents to which our agriculturists +must look for a helping hand up the hill that leads to +competency and opulence, the King strongly recommended the +planting of fruit trees, and went into some practical details +of the method now pursued by the natives of Kona, Hawaii, who +as a class bid fair not long hence to be, perhaps, more +comfortably off than the people of any other district. Coffee, +oranges, lemons and grape-vines were more particularly +recommended to the fostering care of the audience. Allusion +was also made to Dr. Hillebrand's very able remarks on the +advantages of shade trees. His Majesty then brought his address to a close +with a few general remarks that told home, breathing as they +did the spirit of his often repeated exhortation to his people +to remember that none will help those who will not help +themselves—that responsible men must not, like children at +their games, sit down to "open their mouths and shut their +eyes," and "see what God will send them."<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 26, 1857.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Reply to the Address of S. N. Castle, Esq., on Presenting +a Bible on behalf of the "American Bible Society."</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The volume you present me in behalf of the American Bible +Society, and the letter with which it is accompanied, I +receive with a mingled feeling of pleasure and reverence. When +I remember the moral illumination and the sense of social +propriety which have spread throughout these islands, in +proportion as the Holy Scriptures have been circulated, I +cannot but admire and respect the human agency through which +Providence has effected its benign purpose. But of all the +members of the institution, there is none with whom I could +more gladly find myself in communication than the Secretary, +whose labors have won for him a name among Christian +philanthropists which might excite a world to emulation.</p> + +<p>I will not attempt to echo the tone of fervent admiration and +gratitude with which you allude to the happy changes effected +by the dissemination of God's Holy Word. But from the position +I occupy, the facts meet me whichever way I turn my eyes. I +see them every day and every hour. I see principles taking +root among my people that were unknown and unintelligible to +them at that dark period of our religious history to which you +have referred. They have now a standard by which to judge of +themselves and of each other as members of society. Without +that standard no law but the law of autocratic power could +have ruled them. Its absence would have rendered the gift of +free institutions, such as they now enjoy, a worse than +useless act of magnanimity on the part of my predecessors. The +commerce and intercourse with other countries to which we owe +our present prosperity would have been checked by numberless +difficulties. In one word, we see through all our relations +the effect of those aspirations and principles inculcated by +this sacred volume.</p> + +<p>I should be wanting to myself did I not express the +gratification I feel at seeing here present some of those who +were the first to labor in the vineyard. Although they look +for their reward elsewhere, they will not reject my passing +tribute of respect. Their labor has been long and their +anxiety great, but their constancy and patience have equaled +the emergency. The result of their life's work may even +disappoint them if they judge it by the anticipation of their +more sanguine years. Yet, in their decline of life, they see +some of the fruits they prayed for, and they will not complain +when they remember that the measure of their success is from +above.</p></div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Allow me to thank you for your personal share in the +presentation, and through you to express my kindest +acknowledgments to the American Bible Society.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">December 10, 1857.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><h4>BY ORDER OF THE KING.</h4> + +<p>It is hereby proclaimed that Thursday, the 31st of December +ensuing, be kept as a day of solemn fasting and humiliation +for sin, and of thanksgiving to Almighty God for numberless +unmerited mercies and blessings received during the year that +expires on that day.</p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;">L. KAMEHAMEHA.</span></p></div> + +<p><br /><br /><br /></p> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">January 21, 1858.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Reply to the Address of Capt. Davis, of the U. S. Sloop</i> +St. Marys, <i>upon the eve of her Departure for San Francisco.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I can heartily assure you, Captain Davis, that it would have +been a source of unfeigned regret to me, had circumstances +prevented my having this last interview with you before your +departure from these waters. When I say last, I mean the last +during the visit of the <i>St. Marys</i>, for I sincerely hope to +see you here again, and when you do return, I hope you will +bring with you the same officers whose sojourn here with you +has contributed so much to the social enjoyment of the last +few months.</p> + +<p>Your desire to increase the good understanding existing +between my Government and your own has been so conspicuous +that I cannot but congratulate the latter upon the happy +circumstances that in sending a ship here, for the +preservation of safety and order, the command of that vessel +devolved upon no other than you. That you have been successful +in your object, must be a matter of pride to you, and I do not +think you will hear with indifference from my lips the simple +announcement, that I and every member of my Government have +appreciated those exertions, but no one more so than I, whose +opportunities of judging of your intentions have, I am happy +to say, been more numerous than those of some others. +</p></div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span> +<br /><br /></p> + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 21, 1858.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Replies by His Majesty to the Congratulatory Addresses on the Birth of +a Son and Heir to His Throne, by A. P. Everett, Esq., for himself and +other Foreign Consuls; by H. R. H. Prince General Kamehameha; by the +Rev. Mr. Damon and other Clergymen; and by the U. S. Consul, A. Pratt, +Esq., for Foreign Residents generally.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<p>His Majesty replied as follows:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—I very kindly thank you for the congratulations +you have just offered to the Queen and myself, and for the +kind wishes you have expressed for the prosperity and +happiness of the infant Prince. I also thank you for the many +expressions of sympathy and good will which you have employed +towards my people and Government, and for the prosperity of +both. I assure you that the prosperity and happiness of my +country, and of all who live within my rule, are subjects dear +to my heart. And there is no greater encouragement afforded me +that the hopes so often expressed by the friends of the +Hawaiian people will be fulfilled, than the knowledge that I +have the support and sympathy of the great and powerful +nations whose officers I rejoice to see before me on this, to +me, particularly happy day.</p></div> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Prince and Soldiers:</span>—The expressions of loyalty you have just +uttered are very welcome to me. There is no tie between the +head of a government and his troops like that of mutual good +wishes and a common object. Such exists between us, and may it +never cease to exist. So long as it does we have nothing to +fear of one another, but every thing to hope. In the Queen's +name and that of our infant son I thank you kindly for your +generous wishes.</p></div> + +<p>Turning to Mr. Damon and the other reverend gentlemen present His +Majesty observed:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—For your valuable present allow me to thank you in +the name of my son, whose advent into this life has been +greeted so kindly, so heartily, by the community at large, but +by none more sincerely, or with more ardent wishes for his +real happiness than by yourselves—of that I am sure. The +birth of the young Prince has placed me in a relationship to +which I have hitherto been a stranger, and it has imposed upon +me new responsibilities. I trust that in my conduct towards +him throughout my life, I may remember the particular offering +which your affection deemed most proper, and that as this +Bible is one of my boy's first possessions, so its contents +may be the longest remembered. In the Queen's name and my own +I thank you, and it shall be the task of both of us to teach +our first-born child to kindly regard you.</p></div> + +<p>Then addressing himself more particularly to Mr. Consul Pratt, and from +him to the assembly in general, His Majesty added:</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen And Friends:</span>—I receive your congratulations on this +occasion with mixed feelings of pleasure and pride. I take +pleasure in knowing that the event which has given so much +happiness in my own domestic circle, has caused a pleasure in this whole +community and brought to my house these unmistakable marks of +sympathy and good will; and I cannot but feel pride, at such a +time as this, in knowing that my first-born child, the +destined heir to the position I now occupy, enters the world +amidst your hearty acclamations. I thank you for those +expressions towards the Queen and myself, which are +reiterations of feelings often expressed, and more often +manifested than expressed, but which come doubly welcome at a +time when every parent's heart has a yearning for sympathy. +Gentlemen, you see me a proud father, and by these +manifestations of your love for me and mine you make me a +proud King. Such occasions as these make a throne worthy of +any man's envy, whilst the feelings uppermost in my heart will +establish and seal from this time forth a new tie between me +and every man who, like myself, can say he has a child.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 22, 1858.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Reply by His Majesty to the Address presented to Him by the Lodge of +Free Masons and the Royal Arch Chapter of Honolulu.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Most Excellent High Priest, Companions and Brethren:</span></p> + +<p>Bound together as we are in a holy league of brotherhood, I +should not be doing justice to the feelings which actuate me +in my relationship with yourselves, and operate amongst us +all, did I deny that I almost expected you would seek a +special occasion to felicitate me in the character in which we +now appear. For all your kind wishes I thank you from the +bottom of my heart, and among the many blessings for which I +have, at this time, especial reason to be thankful to our +Supreme Grand Master, I do not reckon this the least, that I +enjoy the sympathy of a Fraternity whose objects are so pure, +and whose friendships so true as those of our Order. I will +not multiply words, but believe me, that when I look upon my +infant son, whose birth has been the cause of so much joy to +me, and of so much interest to yourselves, the thought already +crosses my mind that perhaps one day he may wear these dearly +prized badges, and that his intercourse with his fellow men, +like his father's, may be rendered more pleasant, and, +perhaps, more profitable, by his espousing those solemn tenets +which make the name of a Freemason honorable throughout the +world.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 25, 1858.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Replies by His Majesty to the Hon. D. L. Gregg, Commissioner of the +United States, and to the Hon. James W. Borden, his Successor, upon his +Presentation as the new Commissioner.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<p>His Majesty, turning to Mr. Gregg, replied:</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>From the renewed assurances of sympathy and good will towards +this Kingdom which, on the part of the President of the United +States of America, you have just expressed, I cannot but +derive the liveliest gratification, reminding me as they do of +the long course of years during which the successive Heads of +your Government have offered, through their Representatives +here, similar professions of amity, without one interruption +having occurred to mar the retrospect. I should be sorry were +the President, or you, to suppose for one instant that I +regard these professions merely as a civil form of words +called for by the occasion.</p> + +<p>The Government of the United States has never flattered me or +my Predecessors with expectations of more than it intended to +perform; the action has always followed true to the word, and +we know by experience the value of such assurances as those to +which I have just listened with so much satisfaction.</p> + +<p>It is, indeed, a fact worthy of notice and of remembrance, +that the relations existing between the two countries were +never more happy, or more calculated to inspire the smaller +nation with a sense of independence and an appreciation of the +fact that its future is in its own hands, than at this very +moment, when, after having faithfully watched the interests +intrusted to your care for more than four years, you are +resigning that honorable duty into other hands. You have shown +that strength of purpose may be united with courtesy of +manner, and have justified your appointment by proving that +their rights are best guarded, whose representative, being +honest in his own intentions, does not without cause doubt the +faith of the Government to which he is accredited.</p> + +<p>Although I am afraid you over-estimate the actual value of the +marks of courtesy and attempts to make agreeable your +residence and that of your family upon these islands, which we +have sought to offer, I thank you for the kind expression of +your acknowledgments, and trust that you will always believe +that my object, and that of every member of my Government, was +but poorly carried out by any manifestations which it has been +in our power to make. But, Mr. Gregg, not to seem to claim +more credit than we deserve, allow me to add that the attempt +was by no means a disinterested one, for in all the relations +of society, those persons are most welcome who ornament it +most and are themselves the most courteous.</p> + +<p>I have too much confidence in the good will and sympathy of +the Government of the United States, and faith in the wisdom +of the President, to allow of a single doubt as to the course +which your successor will pursue. It shall be my endeavor, and +that of my Government, to regard him as the honored +Representative of a great nation, and a good Friend. I believe +that his dealings with us will be generous, that he will +pursue the policy which in the hands of his predecessors has +so largely helped to make this nation what it is to-day, and +that if, coming after you, he cannot increase the feelings of +kindness, and on one side of gratitude, which already exist +here and in the United States, he will at least maintain them.</p></div> + +<p>Then addressing himself to Mr. Borden, the King spoke as follows:</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>In welcoming you as the Representative of the United States, +allow me to say, Mr. Borden, that I anticipate nothing but the most +satisfactory intercourse between you and my Government. The +country from which you are accredited has afforded too many +tokens of good will, and manifested too lively an interest in +all that concerns this archipelago, and that for too long a +succession of years, to leave any question possible as to its +future policy.</p> + +<p>So long as such feelings exist on your side, and we retain +gratitude enough to remember with acknowledgments the benefits +we have already received from the Government and people of the +United States, and can appreciate the advantages continually +derived from the friendship and countenance of such a nation, +there is little chance that the harmony now happily existing +will be disturbed. I thank you for the kind terms in which you +have alluded to the birth of the Prince, my son—an event +which has filled me with the greatest pleasure and gives rise +to many hopeful anticipations.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 29, 1858.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Published by Authority in the</i> Polynesian, <i>May 29, 1858.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><h4>ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.</h4> + +<p>Know all men that we, Kamehameha, by the Grace of God, of the +Hawaiian Islands King, by virtue of the power and authority in +us vested as Sovereign of these realms, and in accordance with +Article XXXVII, of the Constitution of our Kingdom, have +decreed, and do, by these our Royal Letters Patent, +constitute, establish and declare the following to be the +style and title of our infant Son, born on the twentieth day +of May, instant, the Hereditary Heir Apparent of Our Throne, +viz:</p> + + +<h4> +"<span class="smcap">His Royal Highness The Prince Of Hawaii</span>."<br /> +</h4> + + +<p>He, Our said infant son, from now and henceforth to assume, +and to receive the aforesaid style and title for himself, and, +in the event of his succeeding Us in the Throne, and having +male issue of his body lawfully begotten, then, the said style +and title shall descend to, and be the style and title of his +first-born son, as being the nearest hereditary and +Constitutional Heir to the Throne of the Hawaiian Islands.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;">Done at the Palace, in Honolulu, this twentieth day of May,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">A. D. 1858, and in the 4th year of Our Reign.</span><br /></p> + +<table summary="signature"> +<tr><td class="tdl">(Signed,)</td> +<td class="tdr">KAMEHAMEHA</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p><br /><br /><br /></p> + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">June 11, 1858.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Speech at the Opening of the Session of the Hawaiian +Legislature of 1858.</i><br /><br /></p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles And Representatives:</span>—Since the Legislature was last in +session, it has pleased Almighty God to bless me with a son. +The birth of an Heir to the Throne is an event which you, now +congregated to pass measures, not for the temporary only, but +for the permanent prosperity of the Hawaiian Islands, under a +Constitutional Monarchy, cannot but regard with solemn +interest. Not only the continuance of his life, but the +characteristics which the Prince may +<a name="corr6" id="corr6"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn6" title="changed from 'develope'">develop</a> +as he grows to +manhood, and the education to be imparted to him, are matters +in no small degree inseparable from the future of our +country's history—from that distant part of it in which I, +and many, if not all of you, will take no share. Gentlemen, +the child is +<a name="corr7" id="corr7"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn7" title="changed from 'your's'">yours</a> +as well as mine; the circumstances that +attend his birth deprive me of an undivided interest in him, +for if such be the will of Divine Providence, he will one day +be to your sons what I am to their fathers. Destined as he is +to exercise a paramount influence in years to come, I +consecrate him to my people, and with God's help, I will leave +unused no faculty with which I am indued to make him worthy of +your love and loyalty, and an ornament to the Throne of his +great Predecessor who only did battle to establish peace and +lay the foundations of order.</p> + +<p>I have called you together according to the requirements of +the Constitution. Having thus fulfilled the duty imposed upon +me, I would suggest to you, Nobles and Representatives, the +propriety, under existing circumstances, of confining the +business of the present session to providing, by a Joint +Resolution, or otherwise, for the financial necessities of the +Government, and appointing a Joint Committee to report after +an adjournment and as soon as practicable, to their respective +Houses, upon the New Code, or such portions of it as may be +ready for presentation by the Commission appointed by the +Legislature of 1856 to prepare it.</p> + +<p>The reasons for such a course will appear in the fact that the +Commissioners selected to revise, codify and amend the laws +now in force, partly on account of the ill health of one of +the members, now deceased, and partly from the laborious +nature of the task imposed upon persons whose time was already +occupied by the duties of office, have been unable to perfect +their work within the time, which before the undertaking was +commenced, was deemed sufficient. The Joint Committee could +only receive and proceed to review such portions of the +Revision as are already prepared, and receive more as the +Commissioners progressed. By means of a little inquiry, the +time when their report upon the whole would probably be +forthcoming might be ascertained, when the two Houses could +meet again to review the Report and proceed with the general +business of the country.</p> + +<p>The suggestion I have made demands further consideration from +the fact that a new Treaty, negotiated between me and the +Emperor of the French, has lately been returned from Paris, +accompanied by the formal ratification of the Emperor. It now +awaits a similar concurrence, on my part, to render it +effective. In accordance with the provision of our +Constitution, this Treaty is now under consideration by me, in +my Privy Council of State. The provisional Act, therefore, +which a former Legislature passed, will become operative or +otherwise, according to the result of those deliberations I +refer to, and until that result becomes known the Minister of +Finance cannot make to you a satisfactory showing of the +probable receipts of the Government for this and the next +fiscal year; and without such data to go by you will hardly be able to +dispose of the strictly financial +business of the country.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span></p> + +<p>So, too, in regard to the Civil Acts, the passage of which +draws so largely upon the time of your two Houses. It would be +nothing less than a waste of labor to alter, by separate +enactments, those laws which the Revised Code will amend, or +to sanction new provisions, in that Compendium already +provided for, and which temporary enactments would, therefore, +become valueless almost as soon as they should have been +promulgated.</p> + +<p>Believing, gentlemen, that you will coincide with me in seeing +the necessity for a speedy adjournment, after having made the +provisions I have pointed out, I forbear to call your +attention to the general business and details to which I +should otherwise direct your notice.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">March 31, 1859.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<h4><i>Special Message of His Majesty sent to the Legislature of 1859.</i></h4> + + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—I deem it my duty, as Chief +Magistrate of the Kingdom, to submit to the Legislature +certain points in regard to which the organic law seems to +require revision.</p> + +<p>Experience has conclusively shown that the Constitution of +1852 does not, in many important respects, meet the +expectations of its framers, or of my Predecessor, by whom it +was voluntarily conceded.</p> + +<p>It is the part of wisdom to derive lessons from experience, +and to regulate our future policy in conformity with its +suggestions.</p> + +<p>The 105th Article of the Constitution prescribes the ordinary +mode of amendment. Without reference to a different manner of +revision, clearly founded on the inherent rights of the +different Estates of my Kingdom, I am, at this time, content +to appeal to the Legislature for such action as will provide +an adequate remedy for all existing difficulties.</p> + +<p>I am satisfied that it would result in great public advantage +to allow to my Executive Ministers the privilege of election +to the House of Representatives, except when constituted +Members of the House of Nobles by Royal Patent. It would also, +in my opinion, be politic to permit additions to be made to +the House of Nobles for a term of years as well as for life. +These changes are earnestly recommended and urged upon your +favorable consideration.</p> + +<p>I further recommend that the House of Representatives be +limited, as to its members, to a number not exceeding twenty; +and that a suitable property qualification for eligibility be +established. The compensation of such members ought also to be +definitely fixed for the entire period of their service, so as +to avoid all inducements to protracted sessions beyond the +requirement of the public good.</p> + +<p>Relying on your wisdom and patriotic disposition, I place +these suggestions before you, in the full confidence that they +cannot fail to meet your sanction. I entertain no doubt that +if the Constitution should be amended in conformity thereto, a +beneficial reform of the Legislative Department would be effected, +and the general advantage of my +Kingdom thereby greatly promoted.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span></p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;">KAMEHAMEHA.</span><br /><br /><br /> +</p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 4, 1859.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Speech +<a name="corr8" id="corr8"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn8" title="changed from 'Prorogueing'">Proroguing</a> +the Legislature of 1859.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—I congratulate you upon having +concluded the labors of a Session protracted beyond my +expectation, and, I imagine, that of the country at large. I +trust that after all the attention which has been expended on +the revised Civil Code, the result will prove a compilation +sound in its principles and convenient in its arrangement. If +it have no other effect than to encourage a decrease of +litigation, by exposing in its proper place the law applicable +to every civil regulation which legislation makes the +frame-work of our national system, your time, and the expenses +of the session, will not have been consumed in vain.</p> + +<p>I have heard with satisfaction that the amendments of the +Constitution which I suggested and laid open to your +consideration, have been acted upon, and I do not doubt that +the next session will see them confirmed and made effective. I +think they will initiate a more wholesome system of +legislation, prevent unnecessary delays and expenses, and +place the Executive Government in a position better calculated +for giving explanations and receiving instructions from that +House which originates every fiscal measure.</p> + +<p>I thank you, Representatives, for the provision you have made +for myself and those nearest to me; and, while alluding to the +Bill of Appropriations, I cheerfully notice the fact, that in +making distribution of the revenue, you have, for the first +time, proposed for the country a system of expenditure +strictly proportioned to the estimated receipts.</p> + +<p>I confess that the act of your two Houses which I regard with +most complacency, is that in which you commit the public +Treasury to the aid of Hospitals. You, Representatives, +amongst whose constituents are those very persons for whom +these places of refuge are principally designed, have +expressed a kind and grateful feeling for the personal share +which I and the Queen have taken in the labor of securing the +necessary means for the establishment of +<a name="corr9" id="corr9"></a><a class="correction" href="#cn9" title="changed from 'an'">a</a> +Hospital in +Honolulu. Whilst acknowledging your courtesy, I wish to take +this first public occasion to express the almost unspeakable +satisfaction with which I have found my efforts successful +beyond my hopes. It is due to the subscribers as a body, that +I should bear witness to the readiness, not less than the +liberality, with which they have met my advances. When you +return to your several places, let the fact be made known, +that in Honolulu the sick man has a friend in everybody. Nor +do I believe that He who made us all, and to whose keeping I +commend in now dismissing you, has seen with indifference how +the claims of a common humanity have drawn together, in the +subscription list, names representative of almost every race +of men under the sun.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 20, 1859.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Replies by His Majesty to the Felicitations of the Commissioners of +France and of the United States, and to the Captain of the Honolulu +Rifle Corps, on behalf of its Members, on the first Anniversary of the +Birth of H. R. H. the Prince of Hawaii.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—I receive with unfeigned satisfaction the +congratulations which you offer on this the first anniversary +of the birth of the Heir to the Throne. As the Representatives +of nations so pre-eminently called upon, by virtue of their +physical and intellectual resources, to watch and foster the +progress of the human race at large, I rejoice in those +aspirations with which you have connected the future career of +my infant son. To you, gentlemen, and to the Governments of +which you are the honored organs, the best thanks of the +Father and Mother of the Prince of Hawaii are cordially +tendered.</p> + + +<p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen of the Honolulu Rifles:</span>—For the loyal and generous +expressions your Captain has offered in your behalf I thank +you in the name of the Prince of Hawaii, who doubtless will +one day hear in what manner your good wishes were made known +on this occasion. For in families it is not uncommon for +certain incidents and expressions to become traditional, and I +know that neither I nor the Queen can ever cease to cherish +the remembrance of the many tokens of good will and sympathy +this day manifested, or fail to tell our Son in time to come +how the anniversary of his first birth-day was welcomed by the +"Honolulu Rifles."<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">October 3d, 1859.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Speech of His Majesty at the Extraordinary Session of the House of +Nobles held at the Palace October 3d, 1859.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen of the House of Nobles:</span>—I have thought proper to +convene you in special session in order to consult on a +matter, which in my judgment relates to the highest welfare of +the nation. In contemplation of a vacancy in the chief +executive office, at all times liable to occur, it is +important that the succession to the crown should be +definitely established in a constitutional manner. To this +subject I invite your attention, in the full confidence that +the recommendation I am about to make will receive at your +hands a hearty concurrence.</p> + +<p>The Constitution points out the mode of procedure to be +adopted, and I avail myself of the authority thus vested in me +to designate my infant son, the Prince of Hawaii, as my heir +and successor to the Throne. Your assent and co-operation in +the measure are required, but I do not doubt your ready and +loyal support, not only on grounds relating to the stability +of the existing dynasty, but from motives intimately connected +with the public good.</p></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><h4>PROCLAMATION.</h4> + + +<p><span class="smcap">Kamehameha IV.</span>, of the Hawaiian Islands, King, to all Our +loving subjects, and others to whom these Presents shall come, +Greeting:—</p> + +<p>Be it known that We, in concurrence with Our House of Nobles, +hereby appoint and proclaim Our Son, His Royal Highness the +Prince of Hawaii, to be Our Successor and Heir to the Hawaiian +Throne.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;">Done at Our Palace, at Honolulu, this third day of October,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">in the year of Our Lord 1859, and the fifth year of Our</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Reign.</span> +</p> + +<table summary="signature"> +<tr><td class="tdl">(Signed,)</td> +<td class="tdr">KAMEHAMEHA</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 3.0em;">(Signed) <span class="smcap"> Kaahumanu</span></span>.<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2.3em;">By the King and Kuhina Nui.</span> +</p> + +<table summary="signature"> +<tr><td class="tdl">(Signed,)</td> +<td class="tdr"><span class="smcap">L. Kamehameha</span>.</td></tr> +</table> + +<p><br /><br /><br /></p> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 23d, 1860.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<h4><i>The King's Speech to the Legislature of 1860.</i></h4> + + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—In accordance with the +Constitution, I have called you together in Legislative +assembly.</p> + +<p>It is with pleasure that I make known to you that my relations +with Foreign Powers are in an amicable and satisfactory +position, and to the Report of my Minister of Foreign Affairs +I direct your attention for information in relation to the +Department under his care.</p> + +<p>The Chief Justice in his Report has given a general view of +the administration of the department of law. There are some +portions of the report to which I desire to call your special +attention. By reference to the comparative view of convictions +contained therein, you will observe that two classes of +offences against the laws constitute nearly two-thirds of the +whole number of convictions. The inevitable effect of these +offences is to demoralize and destroy the people, and I would +designate as well worthy of your careful consideration and +adoption, the recommendations of the Chief Justice in relation +to such amendments or alterations of the existing laws as will +tend to eradicate or diminish these evils.</p> + +<p>The Report of the Minister of the Interior will furnish you +with full information in relation to the affairs of his +department for the last two years. The financial prospects of +the country, as exhibited in the Report of the Minister of +Finance, are satisfactory, and I would particularly direct to +your favorable consideration his suggestion that provision be +made for paying off outstanding liabilities as they become +due. I would also call to your attention for careful +consideration, his suggestions in relation to the assessments +and collection of taxes, and in relation to the transit +duties; also to the proposed alteration in the mode of +remunerating District Justices.</p> + +<p>The all-important subject of Education now occupies the public +mind with more than usual interest, and I particularly +recommend to your favorable notice the suggestions of the +President of the Board of Education, with reference to +substituting English for Hawaiian schools, in so far as may be practicable, +and also in relation to the +granting of Government aid towards independent schools for the +education and moral training of females.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span></p> + +<p>Through the laudable efforts of a number of private +individuals—whom I take this first public opportunity of +thanking—several establishments of this latter description +have been instituted during the past year; and although thus +far little more than a commencement in the good work has been +made, their progress has been satisfactory. I dwell on this +subject, Nobles and Representatives, because our very +existence as a people depends on the youthful training of the +future mothers of our land, and that must not be jeopardized +through lack of effort on our part.</p> + +<p>To your careful consideration I recommend the proposed +amendments to the Constitution, as passed by the last +Legislature.</p> + +<p>The "Queen's Hospital," at Honolulu, instituted for the relief +of the sick and indigent, has now been in operation for nine +months, and to this praiseworthy institution I direct your +attention, that suitable provision in aid thereof may be made +in the biennial estimates, with a view also that branch +Dispensaries may be established at other places in the +Kingdom.</p> + +<p>In conclusion, Nobles and Representatives, I trust that in +your deliberations on the necessary business that may come +before you, that you will combine care with dispatch, and I +will join with you in supplicating the Ruler of all nations +for that wisdom which will best direct your efforts.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">May 30, 1860.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Reply to Rev. W. P. Alexander, on behalf of the "Hawaiian +Evangelical Association."</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I assure you, gentlemen, that no expression of good will +towards myself or my people is necessary on your part; that is +well known. Nor need I say that the same confidence and +friendly regard which was ever cherished towards you by my +predecessors is entertained by myself. The feeling with me is +not only personal but hereditary.</p> + +<p>In regard to those portions of my speech to the Legislature to +which you are pleased to refer, I shall certainly rely upon +the co-operation of the clergy in carrying into effect any +measures that may be adopted for the suppression of those +great evils referred to, and I am confident that I shall have +it not only in this but in every other good work.</p> + +<p>Gentlemen and ladies, I am always happy to see you, while on +these yearly visits to the metropolis.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">August 14, 1860.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Special Message to the House of Nobles and +Representatives, delivered by the Royal Commissioners.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Kamehameha IV.</span>, by the Grace of God King of the Hawaiian +Islands:</p> + +<p><i>To His Excellency</i> <span class="smcap">M. Kekuanaoa</span>, <i>Our Governor of Oahu, and +the Honorable</i> <span class="smcap">Elisha H. Allen</span>, Our Chancellor:</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Greeting:</span>—We hereby commission you in Our place and stead, to +deliver to the Nobles and Representatives, Our Message, +touching certain alterations proposed to be made in the +Constitution of Our Kingdom: And for so doing this shall be +your sufficient warrant.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;">Given at Our Palace in Honolulu, this Fourteenth day of August,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">in the year of our Lord 1860, and in the sixth year of</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Our reign.</span><br /></p> + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;">KAMEHAMEHA.</span><br /> +<br /> +</p> + +<p> +<span class="smcap">Kaahumanu.</span><br /> +<br /></p></div> + + +<p>At the request of the President, Mr. R. Armstrong read the Royal Message +in Hawaiian, after which the Chancellor read the same in English. The +following is the English version:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—I called the attention of the +last Legislature to the amendments of the Constitution. +Experience of the practical operation of that instrument has +impressed me with their importance, and in this view that body +coincided. But from some omission the publication was not made +in conformity to the provision of the Constitution, and hence +you have very properly expressed your constitutional inability +to pass finally upon the amendments as adopted by them.</p> + +<p>Therefore, it has become my duty to call your attention to +some of those amendments, as well as others, which a more +mature reflection has suggested.</p> + +<p>I regard favorably the eligibility of the Ministers to the +House of Representatives. The experience of monarchical +governments has illustrated the importance of their services +to the popular branch. It is a power of selection which may be +wisely entrusted to the people to exercise. A property +qualification of a limited amount will tend to make the +selection from the more substantial men of the Kingdom, and +the payment by a salary for their services, I regard as more +just than a per diem allowance as now provided. A limited +number of appointments to the House of Nobles for a term of +years may afford that body valuable aid.</p> + +<p>When the Constitution was adopted, its provisions in reference +to a successor to the throne, were made with especial +reference to my Predecessor, who had no lineal heirs. +Additional provisions now seem to be necessary as a protection +to the Heir Apparent to the Throne, and so secure beyond +reasonable contingencies the stable administration of the +sovereignty.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span></p> + +<p>I regard a regency by the Queen, in cases of temporary vacancy +of the Throne, or during a minority of the Heir Apparent, as +the best means to secure a wise and safe exercise of regal authority, +with proper regard to the rights of all persons. It would be a +safe depository of power, for no one can feel a more sincere +interest for the honor and prosperity of the Kingdom than the +Queen Consort, and the mother of the Heir Apparent. Amendments +which will secure these objects, you will regard as the part +of wisdom to adopt.</p> + +<p>There are some minor amendments which will be submitted, to +which I do not regard it as essential more particularly to +advert. Of their wisdom and propriety I am fully impressed.</p> + +<p>Relying upon your wisdom and your devotion to the integrity +and prosperity of my Kingdom, I have the most entire +confidence that the amendments proposed will receive your most +careful consideration.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">August 28, 1860.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Speech at the Prorogation of the Legislature of 1860.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Nobles and Representatives:</span>—In meeting you to-day at the +close of your session, I have first to ask you to join with me +in returning thanks to the Ruler of all nations for His +beneficent providence in restoring to health one of your +number from that dangerous illness with which he has been +afflicted, whose loss would have been a grievous calamity to +the welfare of my Kingdom.<a name="FNanchor_B_2" id="FNanchor_B_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_2" class="fnanchor">[B]</a></p> + +<p>I beg to congratulate you on the termination of your labors, +and trust that the new enactments passed by your joint wisdom +may prove to be for the advantage and welfare of my people.</p> + +<p>I have to thank you, Gentlemen of the House of +Representatives, for the provisions you have made for the +expenses of the State during the current biennial period.</p> + +<p>While I regret with you, Nobles and Representatives, that, +owing to the near approach to the termination of this session, +you have been unable to take final action on the Amendments to +the Constitution submitted to you with my late Message, I +fully concur in the wisdom of your course—as made known to me +by your Joint Committee—in deferring that important subject +for that more mature consideration it requires.</p> + +<p>Nobles and Representatives, in conformity with the +Constitution, I now and hereby do declare this session of the +Legislature to be prorogued.</p></div> + +<p><br /></p> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_B_2" id="Footnote_B_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_B_2"><span class="label">[B]</span></a> +The King here refers to H. R. H. Prince Kamehameha, who had been dangerously ill.</p></div> + +<p><br /></p> + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">November 28, 1860.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>Replies of His Majesty to the Addresses of the Diplomatic and Consular +Corps, on the occasion of the Anniversary of the Joint Declaration by +Great Britain and France of the 28th of November, 1843, Recognizing this +Kingdom as an Independent State.</i><br /><br /></p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span></p> + + +<p>His Majesty, in reply to Mr. Perrin, H. I. M.'s Commissioner, expressed +himself deeply gratified with the repeated kind offices of the two Governments, +whose congratulations had been so happily tendered by +His Excellency, and his confidence in the continuation of the same +friendly relations.</p> + +<p>And to Mr. Green, who had addressed His Majesty on behalf of himself as +H. B. M. Acting Commissioner and Consul General, and of the Consular +Corps, His Majesty replied:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>For the congratulations you have just offered in so genuine a +form, that any doubt as to their sincerity would be +impossible, I offer you my kind thanks. The Consular corps has +always sympathized with me and my people in everything that +regards the real and physical prosperity of these islands. +Indeed it could not be otherwise, for commerce makes our +interests identical. It is with great pleasure that I see on +this occasion the officers of a ship of war of that nation +which concurred in the initiation of the declaration of the +independence of these islands, the anniversary of which +gracious act we this day celebrate.<br /><br /><br /></p></div> + + + + +<p class="author"> +<span style="padding-right: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">February 9, 1861.</span></span><br /> +<br /></p> + +<p><i>His Majesty's Replies To the Addresses of the Diplomatic Corps, and to +the Consuls of Foreign Nations, Congratulating Him on the Anniversary of +His 27th Birth-day.</i><br /><br /></p> + + +<p>His Majesty replied to M. Perrin and the members of the Diplomatic Corps +in the following gracious terms:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—For the congratulations you have just offered me +on the recurrence of the anniversary of my birthday, I thank +you very kindly indeed. I do indeed hope that further +experience may offer me new lights by which to be directed in +my endeavors to secure prosperity to all who dwell within this +Kingdom. But let me assure you that your felicitations on this +occasion cannot fail to stimulate and encourage me, for they +show that at least up to this very day the large and +predominating powers you represent, are good enough to survey +with satisfaction, and through you, Gentlemen, to express +their satisfaction for the present, and their hopes for the +future, in the conduct of my Government, and with God's help, +I will not disappoint them. In justice to myself and your kind +expressions connected with the names of the Queen and our son, +I must express the peculiar pleasure with which that portion +of your address has filled me.</p></div> + +<p>To Mr. Reiners and all other Consuls of foreign nations, his Majesty +made the following gracious answer:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Gentlemen:</span>—To congratulations so warm and so flatteringly +addressed, it is difficult to reply so as to be satisfied that +I have done justice to your feelings as they have this moment +been expressed. I and my house have, indeed, a great deal for +which to be thankful to Divine Providence, and on this +twenty-seventh anniversary of my birthday, I cannot but be +sensible of the debt I owe to the King of Kings. Any occasion +which is converted into an opportunity for +the expression of satisfaction and cordiality on the part of +those who represent great external interests, must be +gratifying to one whose position is a difficult one, even when +things are at the very best, if due allowance be made for the +number of conflicting interests to be respected, and more than +that, fostered.</p></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>At a time when our commerce is drooping from causes beyond the +control of any Government, it is a source of high satisfaction +to me to receive so many well wishes for the continuance of my +rule from gentlemen so perfectly adapted as yourselves to +judge of the benefits which my reign is likely to bestow. On +the part of the Queen and the Prince of Hawaii, I thank you, +most kindly and sincerely, for your prayers in their behalf.</p></div> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<div class="transnote"> +<h3><a name="tnotes" id="tnotes"></a> +Transcriber's note</h3> +<p>Minor punctuation errors have been corrected without notice. The +following words were spelled in two different ways and were not changed:<br /></p> + +<p> +birthday, birth-day<br /> + +preeminently, pre-eminently<br /> + +interisland, inter-island</p> + +<p>A few obvious typographical errors have been corrected and are listed +below.</p> + +<p>Page 15: "to be regreted" changed to "to be +<a name="cn1" id="cn1"></a><a href="#corr1">regretted</a>".</p> + +<p>Page 16: "circumstances that will alway" changed to +"circumstances that will +<a name="cn2" id="cn2"></a><a href="#corr2">always</a>".</p> + +<p>Page 19: "these island" changed to +"these <a name="cn3" id="cn3"></a><a href="#corr3">islands</a>".</p> + +<p>Page 19: "I forsee a high" changed to "I +<a name="cn4" id="cn4"></a><a href="#corr4">foresee</a> a high".</p> + +<p>Page 24: "an Hospital established" changed to +"<a name="cn5" id="cn5"></a><a href="#corr5">a</a> Hospital established".</p> + +<p>Page 34: "Prince may develope" changed to "Prince may +<a name="cn6" id="cn6"></a><a href="#corr6">develop</a>".</p> + +<p>Page 34: "child is your's" changed to "child is +<a name="cn7" id="cn7"></a><a href="#corr7">yours</a>".</p> + +<p>Page 36: "Prorogueing the Legislature" changed to +"<a name="cn8" id="cn8"></a><a href="#corr8">Proroguing</a> the Legislature".</p> + +<p>Page 36: "an Hospital in Honolulu" changed to +"<a name="cn9" id="cn9"></a><a href="#corr9">a</a> Hospital in Honolulu".</p> + + +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Speeches of His Majesty Kamehameha IV. +To the Hawaiian Legislature, by Kamehameha IV + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SPEECHES OF KAMEHAMEHA IV *** + +***** This file should be named 26501-h.htm or 26501-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/6/5/0/26501/ + +Produced by Carla Foust and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was +produced from scanned images of public domain material +from the Google Print project.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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diff --git a/26501-page-images/p0043.png b/26501-page-images/p0043.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..8524999 --- /dev/null +++ b/26501-page-images/p0043.png diff --git a/26501.txt b/26501.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..154a7fe --- /dev/null +++ b/26501.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2976 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Speeches of His Majesty Kamehameha IV. To +the Hawaiian Legislature, by Kamehameha IV + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Speeches of His Majesty Kamehameha IV. To the Hawaiian Legislature + +Author: Kamehameha IV + +Release Date: August 31, 2008 [EBook #26501] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SPEECHES OF KAMEHAMEHA IV *** + + + + +Produced by Carla Foust and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was +produced from scanned images of public domain material +from the Google Print project.) + + + + + + + + + +Transcriber's note + + +Minor punctuation errors have been corrected without notice. Several +words were spelled in two different ways and not corrected; they +are listed at the end of this book. A few obvious typographical errors +have been corrected, and they are also listed at the end. + + + + +SPEECHES + +OF HIS + +MAJESTY KAMEHAMEHA IV. + +TO THE + +HAWAIIAN LEGISLATURE, + +WITH HIS MAJESTY'S + +REPLIES TO THE REPRESENTATIVES OF FOREIGN NATIONS AND TO +PUBLIC BODIES; ALSO WITH SUNDRY PROCLAMATIONS AND +OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING TO HIS ADVENT TO +THE THRONE, ETC., WITH THE LAST PROCLAMATION +AND AN OBITUARY OF HIS +LATE MAJESTY + +KING KAMEHAMEHA III. + +PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN +AFFAIRS. + +HONOLULU: +PRINTED AT THE GOVERNMENT PRESS. +1861. + + + + +SPEECHES +OF HIS +MAJESTY KAMEHAMEHA IV., +AND OTHER DOCUMENTS. + + + + + DECEMBER 8, 1854. + +_The last Public Proclamation made by His late Majesty King Kamehameha +III._ + + + PROCLAMATION. + + Whereas, It has come to my knowledge from the highest official + sources, that my Government has been recently threatened with + overthrow by lawless violence; and whereas the representatives + at my Court, of the United States, Great Britain and France, + being cognizant of these threats, have offered me the prompt + assistance of the Naval forces of their respective countries, + I hereby publicly proclaim my acceptance of the aid thus + proffered in support of my Sovereignty. My independence is + more firmly established than ever before. + + KAMEHAMEHA. + + KEONI ANA. + PALACE, 8th December, 1854. + By the King and Kuhina Nui. + + R. C. WYLLIE. + + + + + DECEMBER 15TH, 1854. + +_Public Proclamation of the Succession To the Throne of His Majesty +Kamehameha IV._ + + + PROCLAMATION. + + Whereas, It has pleased Almighty God to remove from this world + our beloved Sovereign, His late Majesty, Kamehameha III.; and + whereas, by the will of His late Majesty, and by the + appointment and Proclamation of His Majesty and of the House + of Nobles, His Royal Highness, Prince Liholiho, was declared + to be His Majesty's Successor. Therefore, Public Proclamation + is hereby made, that Prince Alexander Liholiho is KING of the + Hawaiian Islands, under the style of KAMEHAMEHA IV. God + preserve the King. + + KEONI ANA, + Kuhina Nui. + + DECEMBER 15TH, 1854. + + + + + DECEMBER 16TH, 1854. + +_His Majesty's Address to His Privy Council of State in reply to their +Condolences over the Death of His late Majesty Kamehameha III._ + + + CHIEFS:--I have become by the Will of God, your Father, as I + have been your Child. You must help me, for I stand in need of + help. + + To you Ministers, and other high officers of State of Our late + King, I return my sincere thanks for the expressions of + condolence with which you have this morning comforted me. I + request of you to continue your labors, in the several + positions you have hitherto held, until when my grief shall + have allowed me time for reflection, I make such new + arrangements as shall seem proper. + + I thank the Members of this Council, in general for their + condolence, who will, also, I hope, assist me with their + advice, as though they had been appointed by myself. + + + + + JANUARY 11, 1855. + +_His Majesty's Address on the occasion of taking the Oath prescribed by +the Constitution. Extr. from =Polynesian=, Jan. 13, 1855._ + + + I solemnly swear, in the presence of Almighty God, to maintain + the Constitution of the Kingdom whole and inviolate, and to + govern in conformity with that and the laws. + +Immediately afterwards, His Highness the Kuhina Nui repeated the words +"God preserve the King," which were re-echoed everywhere throughout the +Church with loud cheers; His Majesty's Royal Standard and the National +Ensign were hoisted and a royal salute fired from the fort. + +Afterwards it pleased the King to make a solemn and eloquent address, in +native, to His subjects, which was received by them with great +enthusiasm, a translation of which is as follows: + + _Give ear Hawaii o Keawe! Maui o Kama! Oahu o Kuihewa! Kauai o + Mano!_ + + In the providence of God, and by the will of his late Majesty + Kamehameha III., this day read in your hearing, I have been + called to the high and responsible position of the Chief Ruler + of this nation. I am deeply sensible of the importance and + sacredness of the great trust committed to my hands, and in + the discharge of this trust, I shall abide by the Constitution + and laws which I have just sworn to maintain and support. It + is not my wish to entertain you on the present occasion with + pleasant promises for the future; but I trust that the close + of my career will show that I have not been raised to the head + of this nation to oppress and curse it, but on the contrary to + cheer and bless it, and that when I come to my end, I may, + like the beloved Chief whose funeral we yesterday celebrated, + pass from earth amid the bitter lamentation of my people. + + The good, the generous, the kind hearted Kamehameha is now no + more. Our great Chief has fallen! But though dead he still + lives. He lives in the hearts of his people! He lives in the + liberal, the just, and the beneficent measures which it was + always his pleasure to adopt. His monuments rise to greet us + on every side. They may be seen in the church, in the school + house, and the hall of justice; in the security of our persons + and property; in the peace, the law, the order and general + prosperity that prevail throughout the islands. He was the + friend of the Makaainana, the father of his people, and so + long as a Hawaiian lives his memory will be cherished! + + By the death of Kamehameha III., the chain that carried us + back to the ancient days of Kamehameha I. has been broken. He + was the last child of that great Chieftain, but how unlike the + father from whom he sprung. Kamehameha I. was born for the age + in which he lived, the age of war and of conquest. Nobly did + he fulfill the destiny for which he was created, that of + reducing the islands from a state of anarchy and constant + warfare to one of peace and unity under the rule of one king. + With the accession of Kamehameha II. to the throne the tabus + were broken, the wild orgies of heathenism abolished, the + idols thrown drown, and in their place was set up the worship + of the only living and true God. His was the era of the + introduction of Christianity and all its peaceful influences. + He was born to commence the great moral revolution which began + with his reign, and he performed his cycle. The age of + Kamehameha III. was that of progress and of liberty--of + schools and of civilization. He gave us a Constitution and + fixed laws; he secured the people in the title to their lands, + and removed the last chain of oppression. He gave them a voice + in his councils and in the making of the laws by which they + are governed. He was a great national benefactor, and has left + the impress of his mild and amiable disposition on the age for + which he was born. + + To-day we begin a new era. Let it be one of increased + civilization--one of decided progress, industry, temperance, + morality, and all those virtues which mark a nation's advance. + This is beyond doubt a critical period in the history of our + country, but I see no reason to despair. We have seen the tomb + close over our Sovereign, but it does not bury our hopes. If + we are united as _one individual_ in seeking the peace, the + prosperity and independence of our country, we shall not be + overthrown. The importance of this unity is what I most wish + to impress upon your minds. Let us be one and we shall not + fall! + + On _my_ part I shall endeavor to give you a mild, and liberal + government, but at the same time one sufficiently vigorous to + maintain the laws, secure you in all your rights of persons + and property, and not too feeble to withstand the assaults of + faction. On _your_ part I shall expect you to contribute your + best endeavors to aid me in maintaining the Constitution, + supporting the laws, and upholding our Independence. + +It further pleased His Majesty, in accordance with a suggestion made to +him, to make the following _impromptu_ remarks, in English, to +foreigners owing allegiance to him, and others residing in his +dominions: + + A few remarks addressed on this occasion, to you, the foreign + portion of the assembly present, may not be inappropriate. + + You have all been witnesses this day to the solemn oath I have + taken in the presence of Almighty God and this assembly, to + preserve inviolate the Constitution. This is no idle ceremony. + The Constitution which I have sworn to maintain has its + foundation laid in the deep and immutable principles of + Liberty, Justice and Equality, and by these, and none other, I + hope to be guided in the administration of my Government. As + the ruler of this people, I shall endeavor, with the blessing + of God, to seek the welfare of my subjects, and at the same + time to consult their wishes. In these endeavors I shall + expect the hearty co-operation of all classes--foreigners as + well as natives. + + His Majesty Kamehameha III., now no more, was preeminently the + friend of the foreigner; and I am happy in knowing he enjoyed + your confidence and affection. He opened his heart and hand + with a royal liberality, and gave till he had little to bestow + and you but little to ask. In this respect I cannot hope to + equal him, but though I may fall far behind I shall follow in + his footsteps. + + To be kind and generous to the foreigner, to trust and confide + in him, is no new thing in the history of our race. It is an + inheritance transmitted to us by our forefathers. The founder + of our dynasty was ever glad to receive assistance and advice + from foreigners. His successor, not deviating from the policy + of his father, listened not only to the voice of a missionary, + and turned with his people to the light of Christianity, but + against the wishes of the nation left his native land to seek + for advice and permanent protection at a foreign Court. + Although he never returned alive, his visit shows plainly what + were his feelings towards the people of foreign countries. I + cannot fail to heed the example of my ancestors. I therefore + say to the foreigner that he is welcome. He is welcome to our + shores--welcome so long as he comes with the laudable motive + of promoting his own interests and at the same time respecting + those of his neighbor. But if he comes here with no more + exalted motive than that of building up his own interests at + the expense of the native--to seek our confidence only to + betray it--with no higher ambition than that of overthrowing + our Government, and introducing anarchy, confusion and + bloodshed--then is he most unwelcome! + + The duties we owe to each other are reciprocal. For my part I + shall use my best endeavors, in humble reliance on the Great + Ruler of all, to give you a just, liberal and satisfactory + Government. At the same time I shall expect you in return to + assist me in sustaining the Peace, the Law, the Order and the + Independence of my Kingdom. + +The preceding is the address, as it was taken down at the time, by a +practised stenographer. + +His Majesty afterwards, from the portico of the church, addressed, in +native, a crowd of several thousand, who had not been able to find room +in the church, and who had congregated in front thereof, outside the +military. The crowd listened in breathless silence, and when the King +concluded, cheered His Majesty most rapturously. + +The whole solemn proceedings were conducted with admirable order, and +His Majesty throughout appeared calm, collected and dignified. + + + + + JANUARY 6TH, 1855. + +_Extract from the =Polynesian= of January 6, 1855._ + + + OBITUARY. + + [UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORITY.] + +His late Majesty, Kauikeouli Kaleiopapa Kuakamanolani, Mahinalani, +Kalaninuiwaiakua, Keaweawealaokalani, whose royal style was Kamehameha +III., was born on the 17th March, 1813, in Keauhou, District of Kona, +Hawaii. His father was the renowned king and conqueror, Kamehameha I. +His mother was Keopuolani, daughter of Kiwaloa, son of Kalaiopuu, of +Kau, Hawaii. On the day before her death, while conversing with the +celebrated chief Kalaimoku, respecting her children, she said, "I wish +that my two children Kauikeouli, and Nahienaena (her daughter), should +know God and serve him, and be instructed in Christianity. I wish you to +take care of these my two children,--see that they walk in the right +way, counsel them, let them not associate with bad companions." But +after her death, the chief who had the immediate charge of the young +Prince's person was Kaikeoewa. When he retired to Lanai, Kaahumanu +placed the Prince under the immediate charge of Boki. The earliest +education which the infant Prince received, was at Kailua, from the Rev. +A. Thurston, and Thomas Hopu, a native who had been educated in the +United States. In Honolulu the Prince became the pupil of the Rev. Hiram +Bingham. + +The young Prince had the misfortune to lose his father Kamehameha, on +the 8th of May, 1819, and his mother Keopuolani, on the 16th of +September, 1823. Towards the end of that year King Kamehameha II. +(Liholiho), embarked for England, where he died in 1824. The royal +remains were conveyed back to the islands in the British frigate +"Blonde," commanded by Lord Byron, in 1825. Soon afterwards, say in May, +1825, the reign of Kamehameha III. commenced, but under the political +guidance of a supreme ruler, or "Kuhina Nui," till March, 1833, when he +declared to the chiefs his wish to take into his own hands the lands for +which his father had toiled, the powers of life and death, and the +undivided sovereignty,--and confirmed Kinau (Kaahumanu II.) as his +"Kuhina Nui." He then took into his own hands the reins of sovereign +power, in the twentieth year of his age. How he has exercised that +power, during the twenty-one years that intervened between its +assumption and the 15th December last, when Death released him of all +royal and other earthly cares, it will be the duty of his future +biographer to show. His memory is, and must ever be, dear to his +subjects, for the free constitutions which he voluntarily granted to +them in 1840 and in 1852; for his support of religion and patronage of +education; for his conferring upon them, and upon foreigners, the right +to hold lands in fee simple, and for his willing abandonment of all the +arbitrary powers and right of universal seignorial land-lordship, which +he had inherited. There is scarcely in history, ancient or modern, any +king to whom so many public reforms and benefits can be ascribed, as the +achievements of only twenty-one years of his reign. Yet what king has +had to contend with so many difficulties, arising from ignorance, +prejudice, scanty revenue, inexperience and ineptitude, as his late +Majesty King Kamehameha III.? It was only in 1844 that His Majesty had +the assistance of a responsible legal counsellor, and of a Secretary of +State; only in 1845 that a proper separation of the departments of +government was attempted, and a cabinet formed. The political principles +then established by His Majesty were the following, viz: + + "That monarchy in the Sandwich Islands is indispensable to the + preservation of the King, the chiefs and the natives. That it + is the duty of the Ministers, in all their measures, to have a + single eye to the preservation of the King, the chiefs and the + natives. + + "That the existence of the King, chiefs and the natives, can + only be preserved by having a government efficient for the + administration of enlightened justice, both to natives and the + subjects of foreign powers residing in the islands, and that + chiefly through missionary efforts the natives have made such + progress in education and knowledge, as to justify the belief + that by further training, they may be rendered capable of + conducting efficiently the affairs of government; but that + they are not at present so far advanced. + + "That the best means of bringing them to that desired state, + are the careful study of proper books, and the practical + knowledge of business, to be acquired by ascending through the + different gradations of office, under foreign ministers. + + "That such foreign ministers hold their commissions only by + the grace of the King, and agree to surrender them at the will + of His Majesty in favor of native subjects, whenever they + become properly qualified. + + "That the King being recognized as Sovereign by Great Britain, + France, the United States and Belgium, has to maintain his + position and rank as such, and that all his ministers and + officers are to assist him in doing so, by deporting + themselves towards him with that respect and consideration to + which all sovereigns are entitled; and to discharge their + duties so as to do honor to his appointment and credit to + themselves. + + "That it is the duty of the ministry to discourage all + republican tendencies and specious attempts to degrade the + King to the rank of a mere superior chief, as calculated to + undermine his influence and authority, and place the islands + in subjection to white men. + + "That the subjection of the islands to white men, would lead + to the extinction of the native race. + + "That the ministers ought to promote the numerical increase of + the natives, and their happiness, and wealth, by encouraging + religion, education, the arts and sciences. + + "That the co-operation of Christian missionaries should be + admitted towards these objects, but that they shall not + interfere in the purely political concerns of the King's + Government. + + "That equal rights and privileges should be allowed to all + foreign nations. + + "That the revenue necessary to support the King's Government, + religion, schools, and to reward public services, should be + raised without such oppressive taxes as would oppress the + natives, and shackle their industry. + + "That the faith of all treaties, conventions, contracts, + engagements, and even promises, should be religiously + observed. + + "That a constitution and code of laws be provided, adapted to + the genius of the nation, to the climate and soil, and to the + wealth, the manners, and the customs, and the numbers of the + people." + +These principles, so far as they could be applied to the good of his +people, were faithfully adhered to by the late King, as will be seen by +his recommendations to the Legislature, embodied in his speeches for the +last nine years, which have been published together. The annual reports +of his Ministers, and of his Chancellor and Chief Justice, best show +whether those principles have been _mere profession_, or have had an +_operative effect_, in promoting that progress which, for the last +_decade_ of his late Majesty's reign, has unquestionably surpassed that +of any other nation during the same period of time. All the reforms +effected have been achieved without the creation of a national debt, and +without one violent convulsion. The inference is irresistible, that +monarchs may spring from the Hawaiian race, capable of well performing +all the duties of constitutional sovereignty, and of fulfilling all the +requirements of the government of an enlightened, independent nation, +both in its internal and foreign relations. + +Revolutionary violence, therefore, has no excuse except in the selfish +rapacity which prompts it. It cannot plead the example of any country +bordering on the Pacific, where life and property are more secure than +they have been here, under the reign of the late King; where foreigners +enjoy greater privileges, and where, like this Kingdom, foreign commerce +(excepting spirituous liquors) pays a contribution to the State of _only +5 per cent. ad valorem_. + +In private life, the late King was mild, kind, affable, generous and +forgiving. He was never more happy than when free from the cares and +trappings of state. He could enjoy himself sociably with his friends, +who were much attached to him. Having associated much, while a boy, with +foreigners, he continued to the last to be fond of their company. +Without his personal influence, the law to allow them to hold lands in +fee simple could never have been enacted; neither could conflicting +claims to land have been settled and registered by that most useful +institution, the Board of Land Commissioners. It is hardly possible to +conceive any King more generally beloved than was his late Majesty; more +universally obeyed, or more completely sovereign in the essential +respect of independent sovereignty, that of governing his subjects free +from any influence or control coming from beyond the limits of his own +jurisdiction. + +The sister of the late King, the Princess Nahienaena, died on the 30th +December, 1836. + +On the 4th of February, 1837, the late King was married to Kalama, +daughter of Naihekukui, who has survived his Majesty, and is now the +Queen Dowager. The King had by her two children, Keaweaweula and +Keaweaweula 2d, who died in their infancy. + +Being childless, the late King adopted as his son and heir ALEXANDER +LIHOLIHO, who was born on the 9th of February, 1834, and who now happily +reigns as KING KAMEHAMEHA IV. + + + + + JANUARY 16, 1855. + +_Replies made by His Majesty to the Congratulations of the +Representatives and Consuls of Foreign Nations and the Commanders of +Foreign Ships of War in port._ + + +It pleased His Majesty to make the following replies: + +To the Diplomatic Corps: + + GENTLEMEN:--You cannot desire your remarks to be more + gratifying than I feel them to be. In reply, I thank you, and + hope that the amicable feelings which have hitherto existed + between the several countries you represent and my own, may + never be impaired. For my part I shall lose no opportunity to + improve and strengthen them. Gentlemen, I thank you. + +To the Consular Corps: + + GENTLEMEN:--Your remarks are also very gratifying to me. The + geographical position of my islands is indeed such as to point + out plainly enough our policy--to make our ports what + Providence destined them to be; places of safety, refuge and + refreshment for the ships and merchants of all countries. + Nothing more bespeaks the prosperity of a people than the + extent of its intercourse with foreign countries. My utmost + exertions shall be given to foster that intercourse between + the countries, whose commercial interests here are placed in + your hands, and my islands. This I shall do the more heartily + from a pleasant remembrance of the harmony of our relations + heretofore. + +To the officers of men-of-war: + + GENTLEMEN:--The feelings expressed by you on this occasion + afford me sincere pleasure. The ports of my islands will + always be open to receive the vessels and ships of war of the + three nations which you represent--the three greatest maritime + powers of the earth--the three greatest supporters of the + independence of my kingdom. + + + + + JANUARY 16TH, 1855. + +_Address made by His Majesty to His Ministers and High Officers of State +on receiving their Portfolios._ + + + GENTLEMEN:--On calling you to the high posts you respectively + fill, I propose to make a few remarks, with the request that + you will bear them constantly in mind. First, let me impress + upon you the importance of unity of purpose and action, for I + consider it impossible for the business of government to be + effectively carried out, unless there exist a great unanimity + of feeling among its officers. I have chosen you, because, I + thought that being actuated by one common policy, your + deliberations would be free from suspicious reserve, and your + actions all tend to one end. In a Cabinet divided into + factions, differing on fundamental points of policy, I could + place no confidence; and should I find mine thus divided, I + should feel it my duty to reorganize it. I am determined that + my Government, if any power vested in me can attain that + object, shall be respected for its honesty and efficiency. + Unsupported by these two pillars, no kingdom is safe. I desire + every part of the machinery of government to move in unison; + to subserve the great purposes for which it was intended; and + to be conducted with the strictest economy. Though young, with + the help of God, I shall endeavor to be firm and faithful in + the execution of the high trust devolved upon me, and never + let my feelings, as a man, overcome my duties as a King. From + all my counsellors I desire frank and faithful advice, and + those who advise me honestly, have nothing to fear; while + those who may abuse my confidence and advise me more from + personal interests than regard for the public good, have + nothing to hope. + + One word in regard to the nominations for office which + according to law it becomes your duty to make, and I have + done. Let your subordinates be recommended by at least these + qualifications--honesty, temperance, industry and adaptation + to the places they are to fill; and let them be men in whom + you see good grounds for placing confidence. + + May success crown your efforts and after years approve my + judgment in calling you to office. + + + + + APRIL 7, 1855. + +_His Majesty's Speech in English and Hawaiian at the Opening of the +Legislature, April 7, 1855._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--It has pleased the Almighty to + gather to his forefathers my beloved Predecessor. This + bereavement has been to me the source of the deepest sorrow; + but my grief has been assuaged by the sympathy of this whole + nation, in whom I see innumerable and ever-gathering proofs of + the love and gratitude they bore their departed Chief. + + You meet this day in conformity with the Constitution he gave + you. Had his suggestions, on the many occasions he addressed + you from the place I now occupy, been matured by your + deliberations, and carried into effect, there would, perhaps, + be little for me to recommend, or for you to perform. The + measures he initiated reflect lustre upon his name, and if by + any endeavor of mine those measures shall be perfected, I + shall consider it indeed an honor. + + In the exercise of my prerogative, I have availed myself of an + Act passed during your last session, and since approved by me, + by virtue of which I have separated the offices of Kuhina Nui + and Minister of the Interior. To the former post I have called + her Royal Highness, Princess Victoria Kamamalu. The Ministry + of the Interior remains in the same hands as heretofore, as do + the other portfolios of my Government; for, young and newly + come to this responsible position, I have gladly availed + myself of the wisdom and experience of the counsellors of our + deceased King. + + I have instructed the high officers of my government to lay + before you reports of their several departments. + + For a history of the Judiciary Department during the last + year, and for certain changes proposed in our laws, I would + refer you to the report of my Chancellor. His recommendations, + especially those suggesting remedies for the great evils which + are so speedily destroying our race, meet my most hearty + approval, and are worthy of your serious consideration. + + I trust you will be able to devise such wise and salutary + measures as shall effectually check licentiousness and + intemperance. + + The doors of Justice are open to all, and so far as I am + informed, its administration in the higher courts has been + prompt, efficient and satisfactory. Of the inferior + magistrates, there has been some complaint, no doubt in many + instances with reason; but the character of district justices + has greatly improved within the past few years, and it is to + be hoped it will continue to improve. Weak as we are, and + imperfect as our Government may be, it will not be doubted, I + think, that there is no country in which there is more entire + security for life, liberty, person and property. + + His Royal Highness, Prince Kamehameha, on whom has devolved + the chief military command, will exhibit to you in his report, + which is embodied in that of the Secretary at War, the plans + he has in contemplation to render efficient the important + service intrusted to his care. I have to request that you will + give this subject the grave attention it deserves. His late + Majesty urged the matter upon you frequently, but the + appropriations have hitherto been insufficient for any + permanent or efficient organization of that important + department. I indulge a strong hope that you will remedy this + deficiency, and place the Department of War upon a firm and + better footing. + + Deeply imbued with a sense of the responsibility that rests + upon my Government, not only to foster, but to lead the way in + all that tends to the general good, I would invite your + earnest attention to the recommendations that will be laid + before you by my Minister of the Interior, and particularly to + that portion of his report relating to the proposed + improvements in the harbor of Honolulu. The facilities that + would be afforded in the loading and unloading of vessels, + native as well as foreign; the extra inducements that these + new accommodations would hold out to those parties who + contemplate making this port a place where ocean steamers may + seek refreshments, and take in coal and water; the general + impetus that would be given to trade by providing, at the + water's edge, a site for the erection of warehouses; and the + hundred other conveniences proper to a maritime city;--all + these considerations prove to my mind the propriety of + proceeding energetically with a work so national in its + character that no part of the islands can fail to share in + many of its advantages. To your wisdom it belongs to consider + in what way the funds necessary to effect this great + improvement may be best procured. + + It is gratifying to me, on commencing my reign, to be able to + inform you, that my relations with all the great Powers, + between whom and myself exist treaties of amity, are of the + most satisfactory nature. I have received from all of them, + assurances that leave no room to doubt that my rights and + sovereignty will be respected. My policy, as regards all + foreign nations, being that of peace, impartiality and + neutrality, in the spirit of the Proclamation by the late + King, of the 16th May last, and of the Resolutions of the + Privy Council of the 15th June and 17th July, I have given to + the President of the United States, at his request, my solemn + adhesion to the rule, and to the principles establishing the + rights of neutrals during war, contained in the Convention + between his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, and the + United States, concluded in Washington on the 22d July last. + + I have exchanged my ratification for that, by my great and + good friend, His Majesty Oscar, King of Sweden and Norway, of + the treaty concluded at my Court on the 1st day of July, 1852. + + I have ordered my Minister of Foreign Relations to inform you + of all treaties with foreign nations negotiated under the late + reign, of the progressive steps by which the sovereignty and + independence of this Kingdom have become so generally + acknowledged, and of the transactions generally of the + Department under his charge. + + I have committed an important mission to the Honorable William + L. Lee, Chancellor of the Kingdom and Chief Justice of the + Supreme Court, and have accredited him as my Envoy + Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, from which mission + I anticipate important results for the benefit of you all, + which will be made known to you hereafter. In the meanwhile, I + recommend you to vote such a sum as, in your wisdom, you may + deem adequate for the expenses of that mission. + + My Minister of Finance will submit, for your considerations, + certain important measures relating to the National finances; + and you cannot fail to be impressed with the necessity of + devising some means of enlarging them. Without more extended + means we must remain in the position of having the will, + without the power, to stimulate agriculture and commerce, and + to provide generally for the physical, mental and moral + improvement of the nation. As a preparatory step towards + increasing the sources of revenue, we must increase the + revenue to be drawn from such sources as already exist. But, + restricted as we are, by treaty, from exercising a right + common to all free communities, we are unable to impose + discriminating duties on foreign imports, which, whilst + supplying the Treasury with additional means, would enhance + the price of articles of luxury only. To regain the right of + which we have, for the present, divested ourselves, it may be + necessary that you reconsider the act by which the duty on + spirituous liquors is now regulated. The Minister of Finance + laid this subject before you last year in a clear and able + manner, and his views have been confirmed by the experience of + another year. Whether it would be wise to assist the revenue + by a tax on property, is for you to determine. + + To foster education and widen every channel that leads to + knowledge, is one of our most imperative duties. It will be + for you to determine what obstacles, if any, exist, to the + general enlightenment of my people. On this subject there will + be submitted for your consideration, certain proposed changes + in the Department of Public Instruction. It is of the highest + importance, in my opinion, that education in the English + language should become more general, for it is my firm + conviction that unless my subjects become educated in this + tongue, their hope of intellectual progress, and of meeting + the foreigners on terms of equality, is a vain one. + + It is a melancholy fact that agriculture, as now practiced, is + not a business of so prosperous and lucrative a nature as to + induce men of means to engage in it; and capital is absolutely + necessary to the successful production of our great staples, + sugar, coffee and tobacco. I beg you, therefore, to consider + whether there exist any restrictions, the removal of which + would give new life to this important source of national + prosperity, and tend to create a juster balance between our + imports and exports. I need hardly mention the obligation that + weighs upon you, to open wide our ports to commerce. Without + commerce our agricultural produce might moulder in our + warehouses; roads, and interisland communication almost cease + to exist; the making of wharves become a work of + supererogation, and the opening and closing of stores an idle + ceremony. As the legislators of a young commercial nation, we + should be liberal in our measures, and far-sighted in our + views. + + A subject of deeper importance, in my opinion, than any I have + hitherto mentioned, is that of the decrease of our population. + It is a subject, in comparison with which all others sink into + insignificance; for, our first and great duty is that of + self-preservation. Our acts are in vain unless we can stay the + wasting hand that is destroying our people. I feel a heavy, + and special responsibility resting upon me in this matter; but + it is one in which you all must share; nor shall we be + acquitted by man, or our Maker, of a neglect of duty, if we + fail to act speedily and effectually in the cause of those who + are every day dying before our eyes. + + I think this decrease in our numbers may be stayed; and happy + should I be if, during the first year of my reign, such laws + should be passed as to effect this result. I would commend to + your special consideration the subject of establishing public + Hospitals; and it might, at first, perhaps, be wise to confine + these hospitals to diseases of one class; and that the most + fatal with which our population is afflicted. + + Intimately connected with this subject is that of preventing + the introduction of fatal diseases and epidemics from abroad. + Visited as we are by vessels from all parts of the world, this + is no easy matter; but I trust your wisdom will devise some + simple and practical remedy. + + It affords me unfeigned pleasure to be able to state that, + according to the returns from most of the districts, the + births during the past year have exceeded the deaths. + + It is to be regretted that the Chinese coolie emigrants, to + whom has been given a trial of sufficient length for testing + their fitness to supply our want of labor and population, have + not realized the hopes of those who incurred the expense of + their introduction. They are not so kind and tractable as it + was anticipated they would be; and they seem to have no + affinities, attractions or tendencies to blend with this, or + any other race. In view of this failure it becomes a question + of some moment whether a class of persons more nearly + assimilated with the Hawaiian race, could not be induced to + settle on our shores. It does not seem improbable that a + portion of the inhabitants of other Polynesian groups might be + disposed to come here, were suitable efforts made to lead them + to such a step. In a few days they would speak our language + with ease; they would be acclimated almost before they left + the ships that conveyed them hither; and they might bring with + them their wives, whose fecundity is said to be much greater + than that of Hawaiian females. Such immigrants, besides + supplying the present demand for labor, would pave the way for + a future population of native born Hawaiians, between whom, + and those of aboriginal parents, no distinguishable difference + would exist. + + May the issue of your deliberations be crowned with those + successful results which the will of the Almighty only can + bestow. + + + + + JUNE 16, 1855. + +_His Majesty's Speech and Proclamation on the occasion of Dissolving the +Legislature._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--The Legislative Session of 1855 + is now about to close. + + For some of your acts I thank you in common with the meanest + of my subjects, for they embrace the interests of all. + + Newly admitted elements of action have operated upon you, and + given to certain of your measures a vitality that authorizes + me to hope much for the future. + + For the relief you have given to the estate of my Predecessor, + for the feeling of respect and love evinced by you in assuming + with alacrity, the expenses of his obsequies; and for the + loyalty you have shown towards me, and my family, I thank you. + + Mixed with many circumstances that will always make the + session of 1855 pleasant to reflect upon, there is one that + must overshadow it forever in the minds of us all. The death + of His Excellency, A. Paki, has stamped this year, and, + indeed, removed a pillar of the State. From your own feelings + on the loss of that High Chief and staunch Hawaiian, you may + judge of mine. May the Almighty have us in his keeping, and + bless, and perpetuate the Hawaiian Nation. + + Nobles and Representatives, I regret that you have not been + able to agree upon the details of the Appropriation Bill. + + Therefore, in the exercise of my constitutional prerogative in + such a case, I feel it my duty to dissolve you, and you are + hereby dissolved. + + + PROCLAMATION. + + TO ALL OUR LOYAL SUBJECTS, _Greeting_: + + We hereby Proclaim that We have this day dissolved the + Legislature of Our Kingdom, by virtue of the power vested in + Us by the Constitution. The exigency contemplated by that + sacred instrument has arisen, by the disagreement of the two + Houses on the Bill of Supplies, which are necessary to carry + on Our Government; and furthermore, the House of + Representatives framed an Appropriation Bill exceeding Our + Revenues, as estimated by Our Minister of Finance, to the + extent of about $200,000, which Bill We could not sanction. + + There seemed no prospect of agreement, inasmuch as the House + of Nobles had made repeated efforts at conciliation with the + House of Representatives, without success, and finally, the + House of Representatives refused to confer with the House of + Nobles respecting the said Appropriation Bill in its last + stages, and We deemed it Our duty to exercise Our + constitutional prerogative of dissolving the Legislature, and + therefore there are no Representatives of the people in the + Kingdom. + + Therefore, We further proclaim Our Will and Pleasure, that Our + Loyal subjects, in all Our Islands, proceed immediately to + elect new Representatives, according to law, on the 10th day + of July next. And We convoke the Representatives who may be so + elected, to meet in Parliament in Our City of Honolulu, on + Monday, the 30th day of July, of this year, for the special + and only purpose of voting the Supplies necessary to the + administration of Our Government, without oppressing Our + faithful Subjects with unreasonable taxes. + + Done in Our Palace of Honolulu, this sixteenth day of June, + 1855, and the first year of Our reign. + KAMEHAMEHA. + VICTORIA K. KAMAMALU. + + + + + JULY 30, 1855. + +_His Majesty's Speech at the Opening of the Extraordinary Session of the +Legislature._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--By virtue of the power which the + Constitution declares to be vested in me, I have convoked you + to this Extraordinary Session of the Legislature. Neither the + late dissolution, nor, of course, this Session, would have + occurred under any but extraordinary circumstances. The only + public business of emergency left unfinished at the close of + the late Session, was the passage of the Appropriation + Bill--the most important measure of every Session. It is + solely to pass the Bill I mention that you are now brought + together. I trust that whilst your memories are so freshly + charged with the circumstances that prevented unanimity + between your two Houses in regard to the Bill of Supplies, + upon which you were deliberating when lately I dissolved you, + there will be a desire on the part of all to restrict the + amount appropriated for the current year within the probable + limits of the year's receipts. It is useless to make + appropriations for appearance sake, knowing that they will + not, because they cannot, be acted on. My desire therefore is, + that you will reject at once, in your deliberations, every + item that is not of immediate necessity, since the means at + your disposal will barely suffice for those outlays that are + indispensable. By acting on this suggestion you will save time + and render less likely the recurrence of differences on + questions not of public interest. + + Nobles and Representatives, I hope the Session now opened will + be a very short one, and that you will all cordially unite in + appropriating our small means to the best advantage for the + general good. + + + + + AUGUST 13, 1855. + +_Messages from His Majesty to the House of Nobles and House of +Representatives, Proroguing the Extraordinary Session._ + + + NOBLES:--The Extraordinary Session to which I convoked you + having terminated with the completion of the special business + which I recommended to my Parliament, I now thank you for + concurring with the Honorable Representatives of My People, in + voting the supplies indispensable to the administration of My + Government. + + I now free you from further attendance, and prorogue you till + the Session of next year. + + KAMEHAMEHA. + + + HONORABLE REPRESENTATIVES OF MY PEOPLE:--Having concluded the + special business for which I convoked you to an Extraordinary + Session, it only remains for me to thank you for the regard + you have shown to the safety and welfare of my Kingdom in + voting the supplies necessary to carry on the business of My + Government, and to free you from further attendance in + Parliament. + + I therefore prorogue you. + + KAMEHAMEHA. + + + + + FEBRUARY 15, 1855. + +_His Majesty's Letter to Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of +Great Britain and Ireland._[A] + + GREAT AND GOOD FRIEND:--Believing that Your Majesty takes a + sincere interest in every thing which concerns the Hawaiian + nation, I doubt not but that You will partake in my sorrow for + the loss of my Predecessor, Kamehameha III., who died on the + 15th of December last. + + In accordance with the will of the late King, and the + Constitution of my Realm, I have succeeded to the throne of my + forefathers. My anxious endeavor will be to rule for the good + of my subjects, and of all foreigners residing within my + jurisdiction; and, in so doing, I shall rely, under God, upon + the sympathy and good will of Your Majesty, and of the British + nation. + + Your Good Friend, + (Signed,) KAMEHAMEHA. + By the King. + (Signed,) R. C. WYLLIE. + +[Footnote A: The same letter, _mutatis mutandis_, was sent to their +Majesties the Emperor of the French, the Emperor of Russia, Kings of +Denmark, Prussia, Sweden and Norway, Presidents of the United States, of +Hamburg, Bremen, Chile, and Peru.] + + + + + SEPTEMBER 18, 1855. + +_Reply by His Majesty to the Address of Hon. D. L. Gregg, Commissioner +of the United States, on Presentation of the Letter of the President of +the United States, condoling with His Majesty on the Death of His +Predecessor, and congratulating Him on His Accession to the Throne._ + + + I trust it is almost unnecessary for me to assure you, Mr. + Gregg, that the letter you have just delivered to me from the + President of the Great American Republic could not have + reached me through a more agreeable channel than the hands of + the United States' Commissioner. + + I will not do my own feelings the injustice of attempting to + disguise the fact that, at the present moment this + communication from the Head of your Government, according to + my appreciation of it, loses entirely its formal character, + and appears to express only the sentiments of a Friend, who + has proved himself worthy of that high name. The Treaty + recently negotiated between my Envoy at Washington and Mr. + Marcy, on the part of the Government of the United States, is + indeed but one link in the chain that binds the two countries + in relations of the most happy kind. But it is a convention of + the greatest importance not only to those who are numbered + among my subjects, but to every American citizen who has any + interests upon these islands. I do not doubt but that its + effect will be to call hither more of your enterprising + countrymen, and direct towards the now partially developed + resources of this archipelago, the attention of your + judicious, but ever ready capitalists. Under this treaty we + may expect to see American citizens raising the produce which + American ships will carry to an American market. But their + prosperity will be ours. Indeed, the mutual interests of the + two countries are so interwoven in this regard, that it would + be a difficult task to define a line between them. + + Whatever may be the future in store for these islands, it will + be impossible for any Hawaiian while the nation exists to + forget or undervalue the fostering care which your Great + Country, as a Parent, has extended towards them; and among the + names of individual Americans that will stand out prominently, + I foresee a high place assigned to those of Mr. President + Pierce, and the gentleman I have the pleasure to address. + + + + + DECEMBER 10, 1855. + + + PROCLAMATION BY THE KING. + + We hereby proclaim Our pleasure that Tuesday, the first of + January next, be kept as a day of solemn Thanksgiving to + Almighty God for His numberless blessings to Our kingdom and + people. + + (Signed,) KAMEHAMEHA. + + + + + JANUARY 5, 1856. + +_Notes of an Address by His Majesty, at the Formation of the Hawaiian +Agricultural Society, reported to the =Polynesian=._ + + +In due course of time His Majesty addressed the meeting. The difficulty +of taking short-hand notes in English of what is being said in the +native dialect, the construction of which is peculiar, a sentence often +beginning at the end and ending in the middle, must be our apology for +doing so little justice to the eloquent language and sound common-sense +ideas expressed by the President. + +After an opening sentence or two, the King spoke to the following +effect: + + Convinced of the importance of this undertaking, I consented + to address you to-day. I should not however, have done so, had + I not been fearful that a refusal on my part might have + induced others of more information and better acquainted with + the particular object we have united to foster, to decline in + like manner. At the same time I cannot help thinking and + hoping that my few remarks will be eclipsed by the weight and + breadth of those of other speakers who are to stand before you + on the closing day of this month and other specified days, + according to a resolution passed at our last meeting. + +We also caught the following sentence, which, although it may appear a +little disjointed here, was neatly introduced, and bore upon the +argument then being used: + + One of the greatest prospective advantages that we see in the + assiduous pursuit of agriculture, is the reformation it would + work amongst the people. It is not in the ranks of modern + farmers that you must look for the most ignorant or the most + immoral men. We all know that when an individual enters upon + an undertaking of the mode to accomplish which he is ignorant, + he applies for information where it may be found, having + learnt that a man unqualified for his task must fail in it. + Having acquired this much experience, and being solicitous for + the prosperity and happiness of his children, he will on no + account omit sending them to school, so that they may not be + trammelled in after years by ignorance as their father was. + Thus the rising generation is prepared for its work. The + children find themselves on starting in life possessed of the + information necessary to success, whereas their father had to + struggle on his way in the midst of darkness and + misapprehension. Suppose a step similar to the one I have + described were made by the young people from one end of the + islands to the other. Would not ignorance give way to + intelligence? Would not darkness become light? Would not + inexpertness succumb to proficiency? The general result could + only be a largely increased sum of individual and national + prosperity. + +The King, who has of late been residing a few miles from Honolulu +superintending some agricultural operations of his own, we believe upon +the very spot which his great predecessor, Kamehameha I., cultivated +before him, spoke with animation of our natural advantages: + + Who ever heard of winter upon our shores? When was it so cold + that the laborer could not go to his field. Where amongst us + shall we find the numberless drawbacks which in less favored + countries the working classes have to contend with? They have + no place in our beautiful group, which rests on the swelling + bosom of the Pacific like a water-lily. With a tranquil heaven + above our heads, and a sun that keeps his jealous eye upon us + every day, whilst his rays are so tempered that they never + wither prematurely what they have warmed into life, we ought + to be agriculturists in heart as well as practice. + +The following sentence contains a truth to which thousands can testify: + + I wish to allude to a bad custom which prevails amongst us. I + mean the foolish hospitality extended everywhere towards the + lazy and good-for-nothing equally with those who are worthy of + it. A young man, able bodied and fit for work, lies in the + house upon which he confers the honor of a visit, whilst his + friends go out to labor. When they come back they share with + him their scanty meal, and he is not ashamed to eat of it. Is + that as it should be? Is it not a thing which we ought to feel + as a disgrace--a custom that reflects upon the heads of the + old and the hearts of the young? I am well aware that the + sharing of food with every stranger and visitor that comes + along is dignified with the name of ancient Hawaiian + hospitality. I now tell you it is not true hospitality. Can + that hospitality be correct in theory or practice which sends + old men and sick men to work under a hot sun, whilst lusty + young people lie in the house playing at cards. + +There is a very wholesome tone in this remark: + + At present we are a poor people, for the surplus produced by + the few who work is consumed by the many who claim at their + hands the rights of your boasted hospitality. Never close your + doors on those who are hungry through sickness, misfortune, or + the wrongs they have received; but on the other hand never + help those who are too lazy to help themselves. + +Another nail is most decidedly hit on the head in the following: + + I will allude to another bad feature in the native mind; I + mean the idea in which too many of you indulge, that a fortune + if not made in a day, ought to be acquired in a very short + space of time. If a man does not get rich in the first few + months of his endeavoring to do so, he suddenly relaxes in his + exertions, subsides into his native indolence, and becomes a + laughing stock to those whose ideas are in advance of his own. + You say commonly, everything a foreigner touches he turns into + money. But the fact is that if you worked and persevered as + the foreigners do, then you would grow rich like them. There + are three essentials to success in cultivating the soil. The + first is a place to cultivate--the second, the hands to work + with--and the third, perseverance. You have all your patches + granted you by law; your hands are not tied either by natural + or artificial bonds--but as cultivators you do not succeed, + because you have no perseverance. + +The concluding sentence was almost word for word as under: + + The great sources of poverty amongst Hawaiians are laziness + and the want of perseverance. I know that what I now say is a + matter of which you and I also have cause to be ashamed. But + placed in the position I occupy, and as a Father to my people, + I cannot hide the fact. + +The King's address was listened to with great earnestness, and every now +and then we heard subdued expressions of _Oiaio no_ (True, true,) from +different parts of the house. At present we see no cause to doubt that +much good will result from the new society, and to those who interest +themselves in it we hope to see the honor given which they undoubtedly +deserve. + + + + + MARCH 3, 1856. + +_His Majesty's Remarks to the Hon. W. L. Lee, on his being officially +presented and resuming his Seat in the Privy Council, after his return +from the Embassy to the United States._ + + + I take great pleasure, Judge Lee, in your return to my + islands, and I extend to you on behalf of myself and Chiefs a + hearty welcome. Your valuable services in the United States + have been such as to merit our warmest thanks and approval, + and I trust the success of your mission may strengthen the + friendly relations existing between the United States and my + Kingdom. It is my desire that you should resume the duties of + your department as head of the Judiciary, as soon as + convenient, but that in so doing you should make your labors + secondary to the improvement of your health. + + + + + APRIL 5, 1856. + +_His Majesty's Speech on the Occasion of the Opening of the Session of +the Hawaiian Legislature of 1856._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--I have convoked you to meet this + day under the provision of our Constitution now in force, + which provides for an Annual Session of the Legislative Body; + and with humble thankfulness to the Ruler of Nations, I + felicitate you upon the prosperity which has attended us, as a + people, during the past year. + + I am happy to inform you that since your last meeting I have + received from the Heads of nearly all the first class Powers + of the present century, assurances of friendship, accompanied, + in some instances, with promises of assistance should occasion + require it. Never did I consider our hope of stability as a + nation so well founded as they are at this moment. + + One of the most important features in my Foreign Relations + during the past year, is that of the Mission upon which my + Special Envoy, the Honorable William L. Lee, proceeded to + Washington, where he was most cordially received, and whose + exertions have been attended with the happiest results. They + have opened, in the minds of our agriculturists and those who + study the progress of our people as producers, hopes, which + only need the confirmation of the Senate of the United States + to become permanently realized, and greatly conducive to our + prosperity. + + Negotiations have, for some time past, been in progress + between my Ministers of Foreign Relations and Finance, and the + Commissioner of the Emperor of France, for a new Treaty + between that Sovereign and myself. For farther particulars + regarding my Relations abroad, I refer you to the Report of my + Minister of that Department. + + My Minister of War will furnish you a Report showing the + appropriation, necessary to be made for the support of the + Military during the ensuing year. + + The administration of Justice, during the past year, + especially in the higher Courts of Judicature, has been such + as to give general satisfaction. + + Respecting the business of the Judiciary Department, I would + refer you to the Report of my Chancellor. The measures he + proposes are worthy of being seriously deliberated upon, and I + earnestly recommend to your early consideration that for the + suppression of intoxication. It is painful to notice the + increase of this evil in Honolulu, arising principally from + the sale of cheap and noxious compounds. In connection with + this subject, I would call your attention to the evil arising + from the sale of opium to Chinese Coolies, which, unless + speedily checked, I fear may spread among our own race. + + In the Report of my Minister of the Interior you will not fail + to observe a valuable suggestion proposing a fundamental + change in the appointment of the officers intrusted with the + making and preserving of our public roads. It is to the effect + that persons chosen for their ability be appointed by the + executive, in lieu of the Superintendents elected at present + by the tax payers of each district, a system the experience of + several years has proved to be accompanied with many abuses. + + I recommend to your notice the several other points contained + in that Report, especially that asking for an authorization to + grant Title Deeds to persons who have proved their claims + before the Land Commission, but received no Patents, in + consequence of surveys not having been made of the Kuleanas to + which they were entitled, and to Konohikis whose lands are + described in the Book of Division, but who have not received + their Awards. Also, the continuation of the Inter-island Mail + Carrier service, and, above all, an appropriation for the + purchase of a proper steamer, to assist intercourse between + the Islands of this group, and encourage industry. + + You will perceive by the detailed Report of my Minister of + Finance that the liabilities of my Treasury have been promptly + discharged and the public credit fully sustained, + notwithstanding the large expenditure made for important + public improvements. The law for the more just and equal + collection of Taxes, passed at your last Session, has operated + favorably on the national finances, although I am of opinion + that some alterations in its provisions would still further + improve it. + + In addition to the ordinary expenses of the Government, you + will see the necessity of appropriations sufficient to + complete the public works already commenced, even though it + should be necessary to resort to the loan authorized by the + law of the last Session. + + My Minister of Finance has also called your attention to the + important subject of a Usury law, which I commend to your + favorable consideration. + + He has likewise alluded to a proposed mode of payment for the + steamer before mentioned, which may, I trust, preclude all + embarrassment to my Treasury. + + You cannot, at present, regard the law imposing duties on + imports passed at your last Session, as a basis for + appropriations, because it is uncertain whether it will go + into effect. + + The state and progress of Education among my people during the + past year, you will learn from the Report of the President of + the Board of Education. The change in that Department, by an + Act of the last Legislature, has proved, thus far, to be + beneficial. It is particularly gratifying to know that + instruction in the English language is prosecuted with so much + success among my native subjects. I recommend you to make as + liberal a provision for the support of this class of schools + as the state of my Treasury will admit. + + I feel so keenly the necessity of some new stimulus to + agriculture, in all its branches, that I very seriously call + your attention to that point, and shall be happy if in your + wisdom you can devise any measures to promote so important an + object. The Native Hawaiian Agricultural Society, lately + instituted, needs your fostering care in the form in which you + have manifested it towards the sister Association. The + decrease of our population, and the means of staying it, + occupy many of my thoughts; and a subject so important cannot + fail to receive your serious consideration. Intimately + connected with the subject last alluded to, is the still + unaccomplished wish of all the true friends of the nation to + see a Hospital established, and I sincerely hope that those + who have foretold difficulties opposed to the success of such + an institution, will at last allow the experiment to be made. + Fearful, as we all must be, of the introduction of any new + diseases to decimate us again, I beg of you to consider by + what means, under Providence, such a calamity may be averted. + + I sincerely trust that the Ruler of all will guide your + deliberations to a result beneficial to the nation. + + + + + MAY 24, 1856. + +_Reply by His Majesty to the Congratulations offered by the House of +Representatives upon His approaching Marriage._ + + + It is with much pleasure that I receive the congratulations of + the Representatives of my People, upon the contemplated event + of my marriage. Your voice is that of the Nation speaking + through its Representatives, and it is a great satisfaction to + me to have your approval of the important step I am about to + take. + + You express the hope that the union may be the means of + perpetuating our Sovereignty and promoting the welfare of the + nation, and I sincerely unite with you in that hope. + + In conclusion, I thank you, Representatives, for the kind, + prompt and unanimous manner in which you have responded to my + Message. + + + + + JUNE 11, 1856. + +_His Majesty's Speech upon Proroguing the Session of the Legislature of +1856._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--At the close of a Session which + has been marked by so much unanimity as that about to + terminate, and during which so much that displays the wisdom + essential to success in legislation has been observable, I + cannot but feel a gratification in meeting you. + + The appropriations you have made for the expenses of my + Government during the next two years, and the zeal you have + displayed to render especially efficient the Bureau of Public + Works, meet with my sincere approval. + + In the matter of one appropriation only, do I entertain any + doubts; but if by any possibility the military establishment + can be maintained upon such a scale as to ensure a promise of + security, no exertions will be wanting on the part of my + Government to do so, without overstepping the amount by you + provided. + + To the members of the House of Representatives I would express + my sincere acknowledgments for the readiness with which they + have interpreted the public feeling, and provided for my + establishment under the new relations which I am about to + assume. + + I have no expectations that any necessity will arise for + calling you together before the stated session of 1858, and I + trust that the interim will be full of prosperity to you and + the nation, the blessing of God making fruitful those + exertions from which I now release you by proroguing the + session. + + + + + NOVEMBER 3, 1856. + + + THANKSGIVING. + + PROCLAMATION BY THE KING. + + We, Kamehameha, King of the Hawaiian Islands, hereby issue our + Proclamation agreeably to former custom, that: + + Whereas, during the year now drawing to a close, we have + enjoyed, as a people, numerous and great blessings; peace and + tranquility have prevailed throughout our islands; we have + been not only free from dangers from abroad, but have + continued to enjoy the most friendly assurances of protection + in our independence from the most powerful governments in the + world; although the times have been hard through the scarcity + of money, and our people have suffered from a drought almost + unparalleled, neither our agriculture nor commerce has + entirely failed; both begin to revive; the crops in most + places have been good; perhaps we have never enjoyed a year of + more general health; our laws have been sustained; religion + and education have been free and prosperous: For all of which + numerous and invaluable blessings we owe, as a nation, a + formal, general and heartfelt tribute of thanksgiving to the + Almighty, on whose favor all prosperity, whether individual or + national, depends. + + We do, therefore, with the advice and consent of our Privy + Council of State, designate and recommend Thursday, the 25th + day of December next, as a day of general and public + Thanksgiving to God, our Heavenly Father, throughout our + islands; and we earnestly invite all good people to a sincere + and prayerful observance of the same. + + Done at our Palace this 3d day of November, A. D., 1856. + KAMEHAMEHA. + + + + + DECEMBER 9, 1856. + +_His Majesty's Address at the Stone Church, before the Meeting of the +Native Agricultural Society, from the_ =Polynesian= _of Dec. 13._ + + +Our reporter caught only some of the more prominent ideas embodied in +the King's address, which was delivered in the pure idiom of the elder +chiefs, by which device he connected, as it were, modern science with +ancient feeling. His train of discourse was nearly as follows: + + It were useless, his Majesty said, to make further + suggestions, for to hear is not always to obey. If only a + tenth part of all the practical hints that had been given from + time to time, by persons standing where he then stood, had + been systematically pursued, the usefulness of the Society + would have been more apparent. Not but that the Society had + done much good, and awakened an interest, in the minds of many + besides its members, which might be considered as the dawn of + a brighter day. His intention was briefly to examine the + actual condition of agriculture science and practice; to show, + not what we might be, but what we are. + + His Majesty spoke of the short-comings of the people as an + agricultural population, and though he set down naught in + malice it is equally certain that he extenuated nothing. This + plain speaking tells with the Hawaiians, especially when it + falls from the lips of their hereditary rulers. In the first + place allusion was made to the almost universal want of + perseverance which marks the character of the laboring classes + more than that of any other. The King showed in few words how + necessary it is to make agriculture an absorbing pursuit, the + only pursuit in fact of the man who engages in it, proving + that the intermission of a day may often render nugatory the + labor of a month. No man in fact having put his hand to the + plough ought to look back, till the last process of all + dependent upon ploughing has been brought to the best possible + issue. In the next place, the want of capital was touched on, + and spoken of as a very serious draw-back, though not an + insurmountable objection to the pursuit of agriculture. In + a country like this where the necessaries of life are so + easily supplied, one man's steady labor will always produce + very much more than one man's sustenance, and the overplus + with ordinary thrift--or what would be considered such in + other lands--becomes so much capital with which to increase + the scope of an individual's exertions, and provide those + means and appliances which by reducing labor add to profit. A + carelessness to observe and communicate the results of + observation as to seasons and localities, was another + peculiarity common amongst the Hawaiians. The natives are too + much inclined to make an attempt without first gaining all the + information procurable in regard to the particular plant or + vegetable they intend to cultivate. Slight variations in the + altitude of different fields above the level of the sea, and + differences in the quality of the soil, produce oftentimes no + less results than failure on the one hand and success on the + other. But the Hawaiians are too apt to make an essay without + previous enquiry, and afterwards to keep to themselves the + result of the experiment. This should not be in a country + which is visited weekly in its whole length and breadth by a + newspaper intended, more than for any other purpose, to spread + a knowledge of practical agriculture and afford a medium for + intercommunication upon points interesting to persons engaged + in the original pursuit of our race. The King enforced this + idea with great earnestness, begging his hearers to look upon + themselves as links in the chain of improvement, dependent + upon the past, as future laborers would depend upon them for + such experience as to seasons, methods and localities as might + be worthy of record and transmission to another generation. + + The absence of methodical habits in the tillers of the soil + was adverted to. Whilst on this subject, the King spoke of the + utter disregard showed for any regularity in the hours of + commencing and leaving off work. This desultory system is + greatly aided by the want of stated hours for taking food and + retiring to rest. If there were a common hour for breakfast + and dinner, the hours for labor would be regulated and + understood. The want of economy, not of time only, but of + material, too, and labor, was then touched on. His Majesty + seemed to be hinting at the old saying that "a stitch in time + saves nine," a fact usually disregarded by the natives of this + country. One gap in a fence is generally a prelude to its + total destruction, whereas half a day's work might save it for + years to come, and prevent the outlay at some future day of + the labor and material necessary to build a new one. But we + cannot follow the line of illustration used to enforce this + point; suffice it to say that the matter was made intelligible + and the value of economy fully vindicated. After some remarks + on roads and means of communication by water, in which steam + was spoken of as one of the agents to which our agriculturists + must look for a helping hand up the hill that leads to + competency and opulence, the King strongly recommended the + planting of fruit trees, and went into some practical details + of the method now pursued by the natives of Kona, Hawaii, who + as a class bid fair not long hence to be, perhaps, more + comfortably off than the people of any other district. Coffee, + oranges, lemons and grape-vines were more particularly + recommended to the fostering care of the audience. Allusion + was also made to Dr. Hillebrand's very able remarks on the + advantages of shade trees. His Majesty then brought his + address to a close with a few general remarks that told home, + breathing as they did the spirit of his often repeated + exhortation to his people to remember that none will help + those who will not help themselves--that responsible men must + not, like children at their games, sit down to "open their + mouths and shut their eyes," and "see what God will send + them." + + + + + MAY 26, 1857. + +_His Majesty's Reply to the Address of S. N. Castle, Esq., on Presenting +a Bible on behalf of the "American Bible Society."_ + + + The volume you present me in behalf of the American Bible + Society, and the letter with which it is accompanied, I + receive with a mingled feeling of pleasure and reverence. When + I remember the moral illumination and the sense of social + propriety which have spread throughout these islands, in + proportion as the Holy Scriptures have been circulated, I + cannot but admire and respect the human agency through which + Providence has effected its benign purpose. But of all the + members of the institution, there is none with whom I could + more gladly find myself in communication than the Secretary, + whose labors have won for him a name among Christian + philanthropists which might excite a world to emulation. + + I will not attempt to echo the tone of fervent admiration and + gratitude with which you allude to the happy changes effected + by the dissemination of God's Holy Word. But from the position + I occupy, the facts meet me whichever way I turn my eyes. I + see them every day and every hour. I see principles taking + root among my people that were unknown and unintelligible to + them at that dark period of our religious history to which you + have referred. They have now a standard by which to judge of + themselves and of each other as members of society. Without + that standard no law but the law of autocratic power could + have ruled them. Its absence would have rendered the gift of + free institutions, such as they now enjoy, a worse than + useless act of magnanimity on the part of my predecessors. The + commerce and intercourse with other countries to which we owe + our present prosperity would have been checked by numberless + difficulties. In one word, we see through all our relations + the effect of those aspirations and principles inculcated by + this sacred volume. + + I should be wanting to myself did I not express the + gratification I feel at seeing here present some of those who + were the first to labor in the vineyard. Although they look + for their reward elsewhere, they will not reject my passing + tribute of respect. Their labor has been long and their + anxiety great, but their constancy and patience have equaled + the emergency. The result of their life's work may even + disappoint them if they judge it by the anticipation of their + more sanguine years. Yet, in their decline of life, they see + some of the fruits they prayed for, and they will not complain + when they remember that the measure of their success is from + above. + + Allow me to thank you for your personal share in the + presentation, and through you to express my kindest + acknowledgments to the American Bible Society. + + + + + DECEMBER 10, 1857. + + BY ORDER OF THE KING. + + It is hereby proclaimed that Thursday, the 31st of December + ensuing, be kept as a day of solemn fasting and humiliation + for sin, and of thanksgiving to Almighty God for numberless + unmerited mercies and blessings received during the year that + expires on that day. + + L. KAMEHAMEHA. + + + + + JANUARY 21, 1858. + +_His Majesty's Reply to the Address of Capt. Davis, of the U. S. Sloop_ +=St. Marys=, _upon the eve of her Departure for San Francisco._ + + + I can heartily assure you, Captain Davis, that it would have + been a source of unfeigned regret to me, had circumstances + prevented my having this last interview with you before your + departure from these waters. When I say last, I mean the last + during the visit of the _St. Marys_, for I sincerely hope to + see you here again, and when you do return, I hope you will + bring with you the same officers whose sojourn here with you + has contributed so much to the social enjoyment of the last + few months. + + Your desire to increase the good understanding existing + between my Government and your own has been so conspicuous + that I cannot but congratulate the latter upon the happy + circumstances that in sending a ship here, for the + preservation of safety and order, the command of that vessel + devolved upon no other than you. That you have been successful + in your object, must be a matter of pride to you, and I do not + think you will hear with indifference from my lips the simple + announcement, that I and every member of my Government have + appreciated those exertions, but no one more so than I, whose + opportunities of judging of your intentions have, I am happy + to say, been more numerous than those of some others. + + + + + MAY 21, 1858. + +_Replies by His Majesty to the Congratulatory Addresses on the Birth of +a Son and Heir to His Throne, by A. P. Everett, Esq., for himself and +other Foreign Consuls; by H. R. H. Prince General Kamehameha; by the +Rev. Mr. Damon and other Clergymen; and by the U. S. Consul, A. Pratt, +Esq., for Foreign Residents generally._ + + +His Majesty replied as follows: + + GENTLEMEN:--I very kindly thank you for the congratulations + you have just offered to the Queen and myself, and for the + kind wishes you have expressed for the prosperity and + happiness of the infant Prince. I also thank you for the many + expressions of sympathy and good will which you have employed + towards my people and Government, and for the prosperity of + both. I assure you that the prosperity and happiness of my + country, and of all who live within my rule, are subjects dear + to my heart. And there is no greater encouragement afforded me + that the hopes so often expressed by the friends of the + Hawaiian people will be fulfilled, than the knowledge that I + have the support and sympathy of the great and powerful + nations whose officers I rejoice to see before me on this, to + me, particularly happy day. + + PRINCE AND SOLDIERS:--The expressions of loyalty you have just + uttered are very welcome to me. There is no tie between the + head of a government and his troops like that of mutual good + wishes and a common object. Such exists between us, and may it + never cease to exist. So long as it does we have nothing to + fear of one another, but every thing to hope. In the Queen's + name and that of our infant son I thank you kindly for your + generous wishes. + +Turning to Mr. Damon and the other reverend gentlemen present His +Majesty observed: + + GENTLEMEN:--For your valuable present allow me to thank you in + the name of my son, whose advent into this life has been + greeted so kindly, so heartily, by the community at large, but + by none more sincerely, or with more ardent wishes for his + real happiness than by yourselves--of that I am sure. The + birth of the young Prince has placed me in a relationship to + which I have hitherto been a stranger, and it has imposed upon + me new responsibilities. I trust that in my conduct towards + him throughout my life, I may remember the particular offering + which your affection deemed most proper, and that as this + Bible is one of my boy's first possessions, so its contents + may be the longest remembered. In the Queen's name and my own + I thank you, and it shall be the task of both of us to teach + our first-born child to kindly regard you. + +Then addressing himself more particularly to Mr. Consul Pratt, and from +him to the assembly in general, His Majesty added: + + GENTLEMEN AND FRIENDS:--I receive your congratulations on this + occasion with mixed feelings of pleasure and pride. I take + pleasure in knowing that the event which has given so much + happiness in my own domestic circle, has caused a pleasure in + this whole community and brought to my house these unmistakable + marks of sympathy and good will; and I cannot but feel pride, + at such a time as this, in knowing that my first-born child, + the destined heir to the position I now occupy, enters the + world amidst your hearty acclamations. I thank you for those + expressions towards the Queen and myself, which are + reiterations of feelings often expressed, and more often + manifested than expressed, but which come doubly welcome at a + time when every parent's heart has a yearning for sympathy. + Gentlemen, you see me a proud father, and by these + manifestations of your love for me and mine you make me a + proud King. Such occasions as these make a throne worthy of + any man's envy, whilst the feelings uppermost in my heart will + establish and seal from this time forth a new tie between me + and every man who, like myself, can say he has a child. + + + + + MAY 22, 1858. + +_Reply by His Majesty to the Address presented to Him by the Lodge of +Free Masons and the Royal Arch Chapter of Honolulu._ + + + MOST EXCELLENT HIGH PRIEST, COMPANIONS AND BRETHREN: + + Bound together as we are in a holy league of brotherhood, I + should not be doing justice to the feelings which actuate me + in my relationship with yourselves, and operate amongst us + all, did I deny that I almost expected you would seek a + special occasion to felicitate me in the character in which we + now appear. For all your kind wishes I thank you from the + bottom of my heart, and among the many blessings for which I + have, at this time, especial reason to be thankful to our + Supreme Grand Master, I do not reckon this the least, that I + enjoy the sympathy of a Fraternity whose objects are so pure, + and whose friendships so true as those of our Order. I will + not multiply words, but believe me, that when I look upon my + infant son, whose birth has been the cause of so much joy to + me, and of so much interest to yourselves, the thought already + crosses my mind that perhaps one day he may wear these dearly + prized badges, and that his intercourse with his fellow men, + like his father's, may be rendered more pleasant, and, + perhaps, more profitable, by his espousing those solemn tenets + which make the name of a Freemason honorable throughout the + world. + + + + + MAY 25, 1858. + +_Replies by His Majesty to the Hon. D. L. Gregg, Commissioner of the +United States, and to the Hon. James W. Borden, his Successor, upon his +Presentation as the new Commissioner._ + + +His Majesty, turning to Mr. Gregg, replied: + + From the renewed assurances of sympathy and good will towards + this Kingdom which, on the part of the President of the United + States of America, you have just expressed, I cannot but + derive the liveliest gratification, reminding me as they do of + the long course of years during which the successive Heads of + your Government have offered, through their Representatives + here, similar professions of amity, without one interruption + having occurred to mar the retrospect. I should be sorry were + the President, or you, to suppose for one instant that I + regard these professions merely as a civil form of words + called for by the occasion. + + The Government of the United States has never flattered me or + my Predecessors with expectations of more than it intended to + perform; the action has always followed true to the word, and + we know by experience the value of such assurances as those to + which I have just listened with so much satisfaction. + + It is, indeed, a fact worthy of notice and of remembrance, + that the relations existing between the two countries were + never more happy, or more calculated to inspire the smaller + nation with a sense of independence and an appreciation of the + fact that its future is in its own hands, than at this very + moment, when, after having faithfully watched the interests + intrusted to your care for more than four years, you are + resigning that honorable duty into other hands. You have shown + that strength of purpose may be united with courtesy of + manner, and have justified your appointment by proving that + their rights are best guarded, whose representative, being + honest in his own intentions, does not without cause doubt the + faith of the Government to which he is accredited. + + Although I am afraid you over-estimate the actual value of the + marks of courtesy and attempts to make agreeable your + residence and that of your family upon these islands, which we + have sought to offer, I thank you for the kind expression of + your acknowledgments, and trust that you will always believe + that my object, and that of every member of my Government, was + but poorly carried out by any manifestations which it has been + in our power to make. But, Mr. Gregg, not to seem to claim + more credit than we deserve, allow me to add that the attempt + was by no means a disinterested one, for in all the relations + of society, those persons are most welcome who ornament it + most and are themselves the most courteous. + + I have too much confidence in the good will and sympathy of + the Government of the United States, and faith in the wisdom + of the President, to allow of a single doubt as to the course + which your successor will pursue. It shall be my endeavor, and + that of my Government, to regard him as the honored + Representative of a great nation, and a good Friend. I believe + that his dealings with us will be generous, that he will + pursue the policy which in the hands of his predecessors has + so largely helped to make this nation what it is to-day, and + that if, coming after you, he cannot increase the feelings of + kindness, and on one side of gratitude, which already exist + here and in the United States, he will at least maintain them. + +Then addressing himself to Mr. Borden, the King spoke as follows: + + In welcoming you as the Representative of the United States, + allow me to say, Mr. Borden, that I anticipate nothing but the + most satisfactory intercourse between you and my Government. + The country from which you are accredited has afforded too + many tokens of good will, and manifested too lively an interest + in all that concerns this archipelago, and that for too long a + succession of years, to leave any question possible as to its + future policy. + + So long as such feelings exist on your side, and we retain + gratitude enough to remember with acknowledgments the benefits + we have already received from the Government and people of the + United States, and can appreciate the advantages continually + derived from the friendship and countenance of such a nation, + there is little chance that the harmony now happily existing + will be disturbed. I thank you for the kind terms in which you + have alluded to the birth of the Prince, my son--an event + which has filled me with the greatest pleasure and gives rise + to many hopeful anticipations. + + + + + MAY 29, 1858. + +_Published by Authority in the_ =Polynesian=, _May 29, 1858._ + + + ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. + + Know all men that we, Kamehameha, by the Grace of God, of the + Hawaiian Islands King, by virtue of the power and authority in + us vested as Sovereign of these realms, and in accordance with + Article XXXVII, of the Constitution of our Kingdom, have + decreed, and do, by these our Royal Letters Patent, + constitute, establish and declare the following to be the + style and title of our infant Son, born on the twentieth day + of May, instant, the Hereditary Heir Apparent of Our Throne, + viz: + + + "HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE OF HAWAII." + + He, Our said infant son, from now and henceforth to assume, + and to receive the aforesaid style and title for himself, and, + in the event of his succeeding Us in the Throne, and having + male issue of his body lawfully begotten, then, the said style + and title shall descend to, and be the style and title of his + first-born son, as being the nearest hereditary and + Constitutional Heir to the Throne of the Hawaiian Islands. + Done at the Palace, in Honolulu, this twentieth day of May, + A. D. 1858, and in the 4th year of Our Reign. + (Signed,) KAMEHAMEHA. + + + + + JUNE 11, 1858. + +_His Majesty's Speech at the Opening of the Session of the Hawaiian +Legislature of 1858._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--Since the Legislature was last in + session, it has pleased Almighty God to bless me with a son. The + birth of an Heir to the Throne is an event which you, now + congregated to pass measures, not for the temporary only, but + for the permanent prosperity of the Hawaiian Islands, under a + Constitutional Monarchy, cannot but regard with solemn + interest. Not only the continuance of his life, but the + characteristics which the Prince may develop as he grows to + manhood, and the education to be imparted to him, are matters + in no small degree inseparable from the future of our + country's history--from that distant part of it in which I, + and many, if not all of you, will take no share. Gentlemen, + the child is yours as well as mine; the circumstances that + attend his birth deprive me of an undivided interest in him, + for if such be the will of Divine Providence, he will one day + be to your sons what I am to their fathers. Destined as he is + to exercise a paramount influence in years to come, I + consecrate him to my people, and with God's help, I will leave + unused no faculty with which I am indued to make him worthy of + your love and loyalty, and an ornament to the Throne of his + great Predecessor who only did battle to establish peace and + lay the foundations of order. + + I have called you together according to the requirements of + the Constitution. Having thus fulfilled the duty imposed upon + me, I would suggest to you, Nobles and Representatives, the + propriety, under existing circumstances, of confining the + business of the present session to providing, by a Joint + Resolution, or otherwise, for the financial necessities of the + Government, and appointing a Joint Committee to report after + an adjournment and as soon as practicable, to their respective + Houses, upon the New Code, or such portions of it as may be + ready for presentation by the Commission appointed by the + Legislature of 1856 to prepare it. + + The reasons for such a course will appear in the fact that the + Commissioners selected to revise, codify and amend the laws + now in force, partly on account of the ill health of one of + the members, now deceased, and partly from the laborious + nature of the task imposed upon persons whose time was already + occupied by the duties of office, have been unable to perfect + their work within the time, which before the undertaking was + commenced, was deemed sufficient. The Joint Committee could + only receive and proceed to review such portions of the + Revision as are already prepared, and receive more as the + Commissioners progressed. By means of a little inquiry, the + time when their report upon the whole would probably be + forthcoming might be ascertained, when the two Houses could + meet again to review the Report and proceed with the general + business of the country. + + The suggestion I have made demands further consideration from + the fact that a new Treaty, negotiated between me and the + Emperor of the French, has lately been returned from Paris, + accompanied by the formal ratification of the Emperor. It now + awaits a similar concurrence, on my part, to render it + effective. In accordance with the provision of our + Constitution, this Treaty is now under consideration by me, in + my Privy Council of State. The provisional Act, therefore, + which a former Legislature passed, will become operative or + otherwise, according to the result of those deliberations I + refer to, and until that result becomes known the Minister of + Finance cannot make to you a satisfactory showing of the + probable receipts of the Government for this and the next + fiscal year; and without such data to go by you will hardly + be able to dispose of the strictly financial business of the + country. + + So, too, in regard to the Civil Acts, the passage of which + draws so largely upon the time of your two Houses. It would be + nothing less than a waste of labor to alter, by separate + enactments, those laws which the Revised Code will amend, or + to sanction new provisions, in that Compendium already + provided for, and which temporary enactments would, therefore, + become valueless almost as soon as they should have been + promulgated. + + Believing, gentlemen, that you will coincide with me in seeing + the necessity for a speedy adjournment, after having made the + provisions I have pointed out, I forbear to call your + attention to the general business and details to which I + should otherwise direct your notice. + + + + + MARCH 31, 1859. + +_Special Message of His Majesty sent to the Legislature of 1859._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--I deem it my duty, as Chief + Magistrate of the Kingdom, to submit to the Legislature + certain points in regard to which the organic law seems to + require revision. + + Experience has conclusively shown that the Constitution of + 1852 does not, in many important respects, meet the + expectations of its framers, or of my Predecessor, by whom it + was voluntarily conceded. + + It is the part of wisdom to derive lessons from experience, + and to regulate our future policy in conformity with its + suggestions. + + The 105th Article of the Constitution prescribes the ordinary + mode of amendment. Without reference to a different manner of + revision, clearly founded on the inherent rights of the + different Estates of my Kingdom, I am, at this time, content + to appeal to the Legislature for such action as will provide + an adequate remedy for all existing difficulties. + + I am satisfied that it would result in great public advantage + to allow to my Executive Ministers the privilege of election + to the House of Representatives, except when constituted + Members of the House of Nobles by Royal Patent. It would also, + in my opinion, be politic to permit additions to be made to + the House of Nobles for a term of years as well as for life. + These changes are earnestly recommended and urged upon your + favorable consideration. + + I further recommend that the House of Representatives be + limited, as to its members, to a number not exceeding twenty; + and that a suitable property qualification for eligibility be + established. The compensation of such members ought also to be + definitely fixed for the entire period of their service, so as + to avoid all inducements to protracted sessions beyond the + requirement of the public good. + + Relying on your wisdom and patriotic disposition, I place + these suggestions before you, in the full confidence that they + cannot fail to meet your sanction. I entertain no doubt that + if the Constitution should be amended in conformity thereto, a + beneficial reform of the Legislative Department would be + effected, and the general advantage of my Kingdom thereby + greatly promoted. + + KAMEHAMEHA. + + + + + MAY 4, 1859. + +_His Majesty's Speech Proroguing the Legislature of 1859._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--I congratulate you upon having + concluded the labors of a Session protracted beyond my + expectation, and, I imagine, that of the country at large. I + trust that after all the attention which has been expended on + the revised Civil Code, the result will prove a compilation + sound in its principles and convenient in its arrangement. If + it have no other effect than to encourage a decrease of + litigation, by exposing in its proper place the law applicable + to every civil regulation which legislation makes the + frame-work of our national system, your time, and the expenses + of the session, will not have been consumed in vain. + + I have heard with satisfaction that the amendments of the + Constitution which I suggested and laid open to your + consideration, have been acted upon, and I do not doubt that + the next session will see them confirmed and made effective. I + think they will initiate a more wholesome system of + legislation, prevent unnecessary delays and expenses, and + place the Executive Government in a position better calculated + for giving explanations and receiving instructions from that + House which originates every fiscal measure. + + I thank you, Representatives, for the provision you have made + for myself and those nearest to me; and, while alluding to the + Bill of Appropriations, I cheerfully notice the fact, that in + making distribution of the revenue, you have, for the first + time, proposed for the country a system of expenditure + strictly proportioned to the estimated receipts. + + I confess that the act of your two Houses which I regard with + most complacency, is that in which you commit the public + Treasury to the aid of Hospitals. You, Representatives, + amongst whose constituents are those very persons for whom + these places of refuge are principally designed, have + expressed a kind and grateful feeling for the personal share + which I and the Queen have taken in the labor of securing the + necessary means for the establishment of a Hospital in + Honolulu. Whilst acknowledging your courtesy, I wish to take + this first public occasion to express the almost unspeakable + satisfaction with which I have found my efforts successful + beyond my hopes. It is due to the subscribers as a body, that + I should bear witness to the readiness, not less than the + liberality, with which they have met my advances. When you + return to your several places, let the fact be made known, + that in Honolulu the sick man has a friend in everybody. Nor + do I believe that He who made us all, and to whose keeping I + commend in now dismissing you, has seen with indifference how + the claims of a common humanity have drawn together, in the + subscription list, names representative of almost every race + of men under the sun. + + + + + MAY 20, 1859. + +_Replies by His Majesty to the Felicitations of the Commissioners of +France and of the United States, and to the Captain of the Honolulu +Rifle Corps, on behalf of its Members, on the first Anniversary of the +Birth of H. R. H. the Prince of Hawaii._ + + + GENTLEMEN:--I receive with unfeigned satisfaction the + congratulations which you offer on this the first anniversary + of the birth of the Heir to the Throne. As the Representatives + of nations so pre-eminently called upon, by virtue of their + physical and intellectual resources, to watch and foster the + progress of the human race at large, I rejoice in those + aspirations with which you have connected the future career of + my infant son. To you, gentlemen, and to the Governments of + which you are the honored organs, the best thanks of the + Father and Mother of the Prince of Hawaii are cordially + tendered. + + + GENTLEMEN OF THE HONOLULU RIFLES:--For the loyal and generous + expressions your Captain has offered in your behalf I thank + you in the name of the Prince of Hawaii, who doubtless will + one day hear in what manner your good wishes were made known + on this occasion. For in families it is not uncommon for + certain incidents and expressions to become traditional, and I + know that neither I nor the Queen can ever cease to cherish + the remembrance of the many tokens of good will and sympathy + this day manifested, or fail to tell our Son in time to come + how the anniversary of his first birth-day was welcomed by the + "Honolulu Rifles." + + + + + OCTOBER 3D, 1859. + +_Speech of His Majesty at the Extraordinary Session of the House of +Nobles held at the Palace October 3d, 1859._ + + + GENTLEMEN OF THE HOUSE OF NOBLES:--I have thought proper to + convene you in special session in order to consult on a + matter, which in my judgment relates to the highest welfare of + the nation. In contemplation of a vacancy in the chief + executive office, at all times liable to occur, it is + important that the succession to the crown should be + definitely established in a constitutional manner. To this + subject I invite your attention, in the full confidence that + the recommendation I am about to make will receive at your + hands a hearty concurrence. + + The Constitution points out the mode of procedure to be + adopted, and I avail myself of the authority thus vested in me + to designate my infant son, the Prince of Hawaii, as my heir + and successor to the Throne. Your assent and co-operation in + the measure are required, but I do not doubt your ready and + loyal support, not only on grounds relating to the stability + of the existing dynasty, but from motives intimately connected + with the public good. + + + PROCLAMATION. + + KAMEHAMEHA IV., of the Hawaiian Islands, King, to all Our + loving subjects, and others to whom these Presents shall come, + Greeting:-- + + Be it known that We, in concurrence with Our House of Nobles, + hereby appoint and proclaim Our Son, His Royal Highness the + Prince of Hawaii, to be Our Successor and Heir to the Hawaiian + Throne. + + Done at Our Palace, at Honolulu, this third day of October, + in the year of Our Lord 1859, and the fifth year of Our + Reign. + + (Signed,) KAMEHAMEHA. + + (Signed) KAAHUMANU. + + By the King and Kuhina Nui. + (Signed,) L. KAMEHAMEHA. + + + + + MAY 23D, 1860. + + _The King's Speech to the Legislature of 1860._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--In accordance with the + Constitution, I have called you together in Legislative + assembly. + + It is with pleasure that I make known to you that my relations + with Foreign Powers are in an amicable and satisfactory + position, and to the Report of my Minister of Foreign Affairs + I direct your attention for information in relation to the + Department under his care. + + The Chief Justice in his Report has given a general view of + the administration of the department of law. There are some + portions of the report to which I desire to call your special + attention. By reference to the comparative view of convictions + contained therein, you will observe that two classes of + offences against the laws constitute nearly two-thirds of the + whole number of convictions. The inevitable effect of these + offences is to demoralize and destroy the people, and I would + designate as well worthy of your careful consideration and + adoption, the recommendations of the Chief Justice in relation + to such amendments or alterations of the existing laws as will + tend to eradicate or diminish these evils. + + The Report of the Minister of the Interior will furnish you + with full information in relation to the affairs of his + department for the last two years. The financial prospects of + the country, as exhibited in the Report of the Minister of + Finance, are satisfactory, and I would particularly direct to + your favorable consideration his suggestion that provision be + made for paying off outstanding liabilities as they become + due. I would also call to your attention for careful + consideration, his suggestions in relation to the assessments + and collection of taxes, and in relation to the transit + duties; also to the proposed alteration in the mode of + remunerating District Justices. + + The all-important subject of Education now occupies the public + mind with more than usual interest, and I particularly + recommend to your favorable notice the suggestions of the + President of the Board of Education, with reference to + substituting English for Hawaiian schools, in so far as may be + practicable, and also in relation to the granting of Government + aid towards independent schools for the education and moral + training of females. + + Through the laudable efforts of a number of private + individuals--whom I take this first public opportunity of + thanking--several establishments of this latter description + have been instituted during the past year; and although thus + far little more than a commencement in the good work has been + made, their progress has been satisfactory. I dwell on this + subject, Nobles and Representatives, because our very + existence as a people depends on the youthful training of the + future mothers of our land, and that must not be jeopardized + through lack of effort on our part. + + To your careful consideration I recommend the proposed + amendments to the Constitution, as passed by the last + Legislature. + + The "Queen's Hospital," at Honolulu, instituted for the relief + of the sick and indigent, has now been in operation for nine + months, and to this praiseworthy institution I direct your + attention, that suitable provision in aid thereof may be made + in the biennial estimates, with a view also that branch + Dispensaries may be established at other places in the + Kingdom. + + In conclusion, Nobles and Representatives, I trust that in + your deliberations on the necessary business that may come + before you, that you will combine care with dispatch, and I + will join with you in supplicating the Ruler of all nations + for that wisdom which will best direct your efforts. + + + + + MAY 30, 1860. + +_His Majesty's Reply to Rev. W. P. Alexander, on behalf of the "Hawaiian +Evangelical Association."_ + + + I assure you, gentlemen, that no expression of good will + towards myself or my people is necessary on your part; that is + well known. Nor need I say that the same confidence and + friendly regard which was ever cherished towards you by my + predecessors is entertained by myself. The feeling with me is + not only personal but hereditary. + + In regard to those portions of my speech to the Legislature to + which you are pleased to refer, I shall certainly rely upon + the co-operation of the clergy in carrying into effect any + measures that may be adopted for the suppression of those + great evils referred to, and I am confident that I shall have + it not only in this but in every other good work. + + Gentlemen and ladies, I am always happy to see you, while on + these yearly visits to the metropolis. + + + + + AUGUST 14, 1860. + +_His Majesty's Special Message to the House of Nobles and +Representatives, delivered by the Royal Commissioners._ + + + KAMEHAMEHA IV., by the Grace of God King of the Hawaiian + Islands: + + _To His Excellency_ M. KEKUANAOA, _Our Governor of Oahu, and + the Honorable_ ELISHA H. ALLEN, Our Chancellor: + + GREETING:--We hereby commission you in Our place and stead, to + deliver to the Nobles and Representatives, Our Message, + touching certain alterations proposed to be made in the + Constitution of Our Kingdom: And for so doing this shall be + your sufficient warrant. + Given at Our Palace in Honolulu, this Fourteenth day of August, + in the year of our Lord 1860, and in the sixth year of + Our reign. + KAMEHAMEHA. + + KAAHUMANU. + + +At the request of the President, Mr. R. Armstrong read the Royal Message +in Hawaiian, after which the Chancellor read the same in English. The +following is the English version: + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--I called the attention of the + last Legislature to the amendments of the Constitution. + Experience of the practical operation of that instrument has + impressed me with their importance, and in this view that body + coincided. But from some omission the publication was not made + in conformity to the provision of the Constitution, and hence + you have very properly expressed your constitutional inability + to pass finally upon the amendments as adopted by them. + + Therefore, it has become my duty to call your attention to + some of those amendments, as well as others, which a more + mature reflection has suggested. + + I regard favorably the eligibility of the Ministers to the + House of Representatives. The experience of monarchical + governments has illustrated the importance of their services + to the popular branch. It is a power of selection which may be + wisely entrusted to the people to exercise. A property + qualification of a limited amount will tend to make the + selection from the more substantial men of the Kingdom, and + the payment by a salary for their services, I regard as more + just than a per diem allowance as now provided. A limited + number of appointments to the House of Nobles for a term of + years may afford that body valuable aid. + + When the Constitution was adopted, its provisions in reference + to a successor to the throne, were made with especial + reference to my Predecessor, who had no lineal heirs. + Additional provisions now seem to be necessary as a protection + to the Heir Apparent to the Throne, and so secure beyond + reasonable contingencies the stable administration of the + sovereignty. + + I regard a regency by the Queen, in cases of temporary vacancy + of the Throne, or during a minority of the Heir Apparent, as + the best means to secure a wise and safe exercise of regal + authority, with proper regard to the rights of all persons. It + would be a safe depository of power, for no one can feel a + more sincere interest for the honor and prosperity of the + Kingdom than the Queen Consort, and the mother of the Heir + Apparent. Amendments which will secure these objects, you will + regard as the part of wisdom to adopt. + + There are some minor amendments which will be submitted, to + which I do not regard it as essential more particularly to + advert. Of their wisdom and propriety I am fully impressed. + + Relying upon your wisdom and your devotion to the integrity + and prosperity of my Kingdom, I have the most entire + confidence that the amendments proposed will receive your most + careful consideration. + + + + + AUGUST 28, 1860. + +_His Majesty's Speech at the Prorogation of the Legislature of 1860._ + + + NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES:--In meeting you to-day at the + close of your session, I have first to ask you to join with me + in returning thanks to the Ruler of all nations for His + beneficent providence in restoring to health one of your + number from that dangerous illness with which he has been + afflicted, whose loss would have been a grievous calamity to + the welfare of my Kingdom.[B] + + I beg to congratulate you on the termination of your labors, + and trust that the new enactments passed by your joint wisdom + may prove to be for the advantage and welfare of my people. + + I have to thank you, Gentlemen of the House of + Representatives, for the provisions you have made for the + expenses of the State during the current biennial period. + + While I regret with you, Nobles and Representatives, that, + owing to the near approach to the termination of this session, + you have been unable to take final action on the Amendments to + the Constitution submitted to you with my late Message, I + fully concur in the wisdom of your course--as made known to me + by your Joint Committee--in deferring that important subject + for that more mature consideration it requires. + + Nobles and Representatives, in conformity with the + Constitution, I now and hereby do declare this session of the + Legislature to be prorogued. + +[Footnote B: The King here refers to H. R. H. Prince Kamehameha, who had +been dangerously ill.] + + + + + NOVEMBER 28, 1860. + +_Replies of His Majesty to the Addresses of the Diplomatic and Consular +Corps, on the occasion of the Anniversary of the Joint Declaration by +Great Britain and France of the 28th of November, 1843, Recognizing this +Kingdom as an Independent State._ + + +His Majesty, in reply to Mr. Perrin, H. I. M.'s Commissioner, expressed +himself deeply gratified with the repeated kind offices of the two +Governments, whose congratulations had been so happily tendered by His +Excellency, and his confidence in the continuation of the same friendly +relations. + +And to Mr. Green, who had addressed His Majesty on behalf of himself as +H. B. M. Acting Commissioner and Consul General, and of the Consular +Corps, His Majesty replied: + + For the congratulations you have just offered in so genuine a + form, that any doubt as to their sincerity would be + impossible, I offer you my kind thanks. The Consular corps has + always sympathized with me and my people in everything that + regards the real and physical prosperity of these islands. + Indeed it could not be otherwise, for commerce makes our + interests identical. It is with great pleasure that I see on + this occasion the officers of a ship of war of that nation + which concurred in the initiation of the declaration of the + independence of these islands, the anniversary of which + gracious act we this day celebrate. + + + + + FEBRUARY 9, 1861. + +_His Majesty's Replies To the Addresses of the Diplomatic Corps, and to +the Consuls of Foreign Nations, Congratulating Him on the Anniversary of +His 27th Birth-day._ + + +His Majesty replied to M. Perrin and the members of the Diplomatic Corps +in the following gracious terms: + + GENTLEMEN:--For the congratulations you have just offered me + on the recurrence of the anniversary of my birthday, I thank + you very kindly indeed. I do indeed hope that further + experience may offer me new lights by which to be directed in + my endeavors to secure prosperity to all who dwell within this + Kingdom. But let me assure you that your felicitations on this + occasion cannot fail to stimulate and encourage me, for they + show that at least up to this very day the large and + predominating powers you represent, are good enough to survey + with satisfaction, and through you, Gentlemen, to express + their satisfaction for the present, and their hopes for the + future, in the conduct of my Government, and with God's help, + I will not disappoint them. In justice to myself and your kind + expressions connected with the names of the Queen and our son, + I must express the peculiar pleasure with which that portion + of your address has filled me. + +To Mr. Reiners and all other Consuls of foreign nations, his Majesty +made the following gracious answer: + + GENTLEMEN:--To congratulations so warm and so flatteringly + addressed, it is difficult to reply so as to be satisfied that + I have done justice to your feelings as they have this moment + been expressed. I and my house have, indeed, a great deal for + which to be thankful to Divine Providence, and on this + twenty-seventh anniversary of my birthday, I cannot but be + sensible of the debt I owe to the King of Kings. Any occasion + which is converted into an opportunity for the expression of + satisfaction and cordiality on the part of those who represent + great external interests, must be gratifying to one whose + position is a difficult one, even when things are at the very + best, if due allowance be made for the number of conflicting + interests to be respected, and more than that, fostered. + + At a time when our commerce is drooping from causes beyond the + control of any Government, it is a source of high satisfaction + to me to receive so many well wishes for the continuance of my + rule from gentlemen so perfectly adapted as yourselves to + judge of the benefits which my reign is likely to bestow. On + the part of the Queen and the Prince of Hawaii, I thank you, + most kindly and sincerely, for your prayers in their behalf. + + + + +Transcriber's note + + +Minor punctuation errors have been corrected without notice. The +following words were spelled in two different ways and were not changed: + +birthday, birth-day + +preeminently, pre-eminently + +interisland, inter-island + +A few obvious typographical errors have been corrected and are listed +below. + +Page 15: "to be regreted" changed to "to be regretted". + +Page 16: "circumstances that will alway" changed to "circumstances that + will always". + +Page 19: "these island" changed to "these islands". + +Page 19: "I forsee a high" changed to "I foresee a high". + +Page 24: "an Hospital established" changed to "a Hospital established". + +Page 34: "Prince may develope" changed to "Prince may develop". + +Page 34: "child is your's" changed to "child is yours". + +Page 36: "Prorogueing the Legislature" changed to "Proroguing the + Legislature". + +Page 36: "an Hospital in Honolulu" changed to "a Hospital in Honolulu". + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Speeches of His Majesty Kamehameha IV. +To the Hawaiian Legislature, by Kamehameha IV + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SPEECHES OF KAMEHAMEHA IV *** + +***** This file should be named 26501.txt or 26501.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/6/5/0/26501/ + +Produced by Carla Foust and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was +produced from scanned images of public domain material +from the Google Print project.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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