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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/31974-h.zip b/31974-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..e0af89e --- /dev/null +++ b/31974-h.zip diff --git a/31974-h/31974-h.htm b/31974-h/31974-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..80d0b6c --- /dev/null +++ b/31974-h/31974-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,688 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of Last Days of the Rebellion, by Alanson M. Randol. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + + p {margin-top: .75em; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: .75em;} + + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center; clear: both;} + + hr {width: 33%; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; clear: both;} + + body {margin-left: 12%; margin-right: 12%;} + + .pagenum {position: absolute; left: 92%; font-size: smaller; text-align: right; font-style: normal;} + + .center {text-align: center;} + + .figcenter {margin: auto; text-align: center;} + + ins.correction {text-decoration:none; border-bottom: thin solid gray;} + + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +Project Gutenberg's Last Days of the Rebellion, by Alanson M. Randol + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Last Days of the Rebellion + The Second New York Cavalry (Harris' Light) at Appomattox + Station and Appomattox Court House, April 8 and 9, 1865 + +Author: Alanson M. Randol + +Release Date: April 13, 2010 [EBook #31974] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LAST DAYS OF THE REBELLION *** + + + + +Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Archive/American +Libraries.) + + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<h1>LAST DAYS OF THE REBELLION.</h1> +<p> </p> +<h3>THE SECOND NEW YORK CAVALRY<br /> +(HARRIS’ LIGHT)<br /> +AT APPOMATTOX STATION AND APPOMATTOX COURT<br /> +HOUSE, APRIL 8 and 9, 1865.</h3> +<p> </p> +<h4>BY</h4> +<h3>ALANSON M. RANDOL</h3> +<p class="center"><i>Major First U. S. Artillery (late Colonel Second New York</i><br /> +<i>Cavalry), Bvt. Brig-General, U. S. Vols.</i></p> +<p> </p><p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/title.png" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p><p> </p> +<h4>ALCATRAZ ISLAND, CAL.,<br />1886.</h4> + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p> +<h2>LAST DAYS OF THE REBELLION.</h2> + +<p>During the winter of 1864-5 the Second New York (Harris’ Light) Cavalry +was in winter quarters near Winchester, Va., on the Romney pike. Alanson +M. Randol, Captain First United States Artillery, was colonel of the +regiment, which, with the First Connecticut, Second Ohio, and Third New +Jersey, constituted the first brigade, third division, cavalry corps. The +division was commanded by General George A. Custer; the brigade by A. C. +M. Pennington, Captain Second United States Artillery, Colonel Third New +Jersey Cavalry. On the 27th of February, 1865, the divisions of Merritt +and Custer, with the batteries of Miller (Fourth United States Artillery) +and Woodruff (Second United States Artillery), all under command of +General Sheridan, left their winter quarters in and around Winchester, +and, after a series of splendid victories, and unsurpassed marches and +fortunes, joined the Army of the Potomac in front of Petersburg on the +27th of March. The Second New York Cavalry shared largely in the glories +and miseries of this great and successful raid. At Five Forks, Deep Creek, +and Sailors Creek, it not only maintained its gallant and meritorious +record, but added to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span> its great renown. At the gentle and joyous passage +of arms at Appomattox Station, on the 8th of April, it reached the climax +of its glory, and, by its deeds of daring, touched the pinnacle of fame. +On that day it performed prodigies of valor, and achieved successes as +pregnant with good results as any single action of the war. By forcing a +passage through the rebel lines and heading off Lee’s army, it contributed +largely to the result that followed the next day—the surrender of the +Confederate Army of Northern Virginia.</p> + +<hr style='width: 15%;' /> + +<p>On the night of the 7th of April we camped on Buffalo River. Moving at an +early hour on the 8th, we crossed the Lynchburg Railroad at Prospect +Station, and headed for Appomattox Station, where it was expected we would +strike, if not intercept, Lee’s retreating, disintegrating army. The trail +was fresh and the chase hot. Joy beamed in every eye, for all felt that +the end was drawing near, and we earnestly hoped that ours might be the +glorious opportunity of striking the final blow. About noon the regiment +was detached to capture a force of the enemy said to be at one of the +crossings of the Appomattox. Some few hundreds, unarmed, half-starved, +stragglers, with no fight in them, were found, and turned over to the +Provost Marshall. Resuming its place in the column, I received orders to +report with the regiment to General Custer, who was at its head. Reporting +in compliance with this order, General Custer informed me that his scouts +had reported three large trains of cars at Appomattox Station, loaded with +supplies for the rebel army; that he<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span> expected to have made a junction +with Merritt’s division near this point; that his orders were to wait here +till Merritt joined him; that he had not heard from him since morning, and +had sent an officer to communicate with him, but if he did not hear from +him in half an hour, he wished me to take my regiment and capture the +trains of cars, and, if possible, reach and hold the pike to Lynchburg. +While talking, the whistle of the locomotive was distinctly but faintly +heard, and the column was at once moved forward, the Second New York in +advance. As we neared the station the whistles became more and more +distinct, and a scout reported the trains rapidly unloading, and that the +advance of the rebel army was passing through Appomattox Court House. +Although Custer’s orders were to make a junction with Merritt before +coming in contact with the enemy, here was a chance to strike a decisive +blow, which, if successful, would add to his renown and glory, and if not, +Merritt would soon be up to help him out of the scrape. Our excitement was +intense, but subdued. All saw the vital importance of heading off the +enemy. Another whistle, nearer and clearer, and another scout decided the +question. I was ordered to move rapidly to Appomattox Station, seize the +trains there, and, if possible, get possession of the Lynchburg pike. +General Custer rode up alongside of me and, laying his hand on my +shoulder, said, “Go in, old fellow, don’t let anything stop you; now is +the chance for your stars. Whoop ’em up; I’ll be after you.” The regiment +left the column at a slow trot, which became faster and faster until we +caught sight of the cars, which were preparing to move away, when, with a +cheer, we charged down on the station, capturing in an instant the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span> three +trains of cars, with the force guarding them. I called for engineers and +firemen to take charge of the trains, when at least a dozen of my men +around me offered their services. I chose the number required, and ordered +the trains to be run to the rear, where I afterwards learned they were +claimed as captures by General Ord’s corps. The cars were loaded with +commissary stores, a portion of which had been unloaded, on which the +rebel advance were regaling themselves when we pounced so unexpectedly +down on them.</p> + +<p>While the regiment was rallying after the charge, the enemy opened on it a +fierce fire from all kinds of guns—field and siege—which, however, did +but little damage, as the regiment was screened from the enemy’s sight by +a dense woods. I at once sent notification to General Custer and Colonel +Pennington of my success, moved forward—my advance busily +skirmishing—and followed with the regiment in line of battle, mounted. +The advance was soon checked by the enemy formed behind hastily +constructed intrenchments in a dense wood of the second growth of pine. +Flushed with success and eager to gain the Lynchburg pike, along which +immense wagon and siege trains were rapidly moving, the regiment was +ordered to charge. Three times did it try to break through the enemy’s +lines, but failed. Colonel Pennington arrived on the field with the rest +of the brigade, when, altogether, a rush was made, but it failed. Then +Custer, with the whole division, tried it, but he, too, failed. Charge and +charge again, was now the order, but it was done in driblets, without +organization and in great disorder. General Custer was here, there, and +everywhere, urging the men forward with cheers and oaths.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span> The great prize +was so nearly in his grasp that it seemed a pity to lose it; but the rebel +infantry held on hard and fast, while his artillery belched out death and +destruction on every side of us. Merritt and night were fast coming on, so +as soon as a force, however small, was organized, it was hurled forward, +only to recoil in confusion and loss. Confident that this mode of fighting +would not bring us success, and fearful lest the enemy should assume the +offensive, which, in our disorganized state, must result in disaster, I +went to General Custer soon after dark, and said to him that if he would +let me get my regiment together, I could break through the rebel line. He +excitedly replied, “Never mind your regiment; take anything and everything +you can find, horse-holders and all, and break through: we must get hold +of the pike to-night.” Acting on this order, a force was soon organized by +me, composed chiefly of the Second New York, but in part of other +regiments, undistinguishable in the darkness. With this I made a charge +down a narrow lane, which led to an open field where the rebel artillery +was posted. As the charging column debouched from the woods, six bright +lights suddenly flashed directly before us. A toronado of canister-shot +swept over our heads, and the next instant we were in the battery. The +line was broken, and the enemy routed. Custer, with the whole division, +now pressed through the gap pell-mell, in hot pursuit, halting for neither +prisoners nor guns, until the road to Lynchburg, <ins class="correction" title="original reads 'crowed'">crowded</ins> with wagons and +artillery, was in our possession. We then turned short to the right and +headed for the Appomattox Court House; but just before reaching it we +discovered the thousands of camp fires of the rebel army, and the pursuit +was checked. The enemy<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> had gone into camp, in fancied security that his +route to Lynchburg was still open before him; and he little dreamed that +our cavalry had planted itself directly across his path, until some of our +men dashed into Appomattox Court House, where, unfortunately, Lieutenant +Colonel Root, of the Fifteenth New York Cavalry, was instantly killed by a +picket guard. After we had seized the road, we were joined by other +divisions of the cavalry corps which came to our assistance, but too late +to take part in the fight.</p> + +<p>Owing to the night attack, our regiments were so mixed up that it took +hours to reorganize them. When this was effected, we marched near to the +railroad station and bivouacked.</p> + +<p>That night was passed in great anxiety. We threw ourselves on the ground +to rest, but not to sleep. We knew that the infantry was hastening to our +assistance, but unless they joined us before sunrise, our cavalry line +would be brushed away, and the rebels would escape after all our hard work +to head them off from Lynchburg. About daybreak I was aroused by loud +hurrahs, and was told that Ord’s corps was coming up rapidly, and forming +in rear of our cavalry. Soon after we were in the saddle and moving +towards the Appomattox Court House road, where the firing was growing +lively; but suddenly our direction was changed, and the whole cavalry +corps rode at a gallop to the right of our line, passing between the +position of the rebels and the rapidly forming masses of our infantry, who +greeted us with cheers and shouts of joy as we galloped along their front. +At several places we had to “run the gauntlet” of fire from the enemy’s +guns posted around the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span> Court House, but this only added to the interest +of the scene, for we felt it to be the last expiring effort of the enemy +to put <ins class="correction" title="original reads 'on on'">on</ins> a bold front; we knew that we had them this time, and that at +last Lee’s proud army of Northern Virginia was at our mercy. While moving +at almost a charging gait we were suddenly brought to a halt by reports of +a surrender. General Sheridan and his staff rode up, and left in hot haste +for the Court House; but just after leaving us, they were fired into by a +party of rebel cavalry, who also opened fire on us, to which we promptly +replied, and soon put them to flight. Our lines were then formed for a +charge on the rebel infantry; but while the bugles were sounding the +charge, an officer with a white flag rode out from the rebel lines, and we +halted. It was fortunate for us that we halted when we did, for had we +charged we would have been swept into eternity, as directly in our front +was a creek, on the other side of which was a rebel brigade, entrenched, +with batteries in position, the guns double shotted with canister. To have +charged this formidable array, mounted, would have resulted in almost +total annihilation. After we had halted, we were informed that +preliminaries were being arranged for the surrender of Lee’s whole army. +At this news, cheer after cheer rent the air for a few moments, when soon +all became as quiet as if nothing <ins class="correction" title="original reads 'unusal'">unusual</ins> had occurred. I rode forward +between the lines with Custer and Pennington, and met several old friends +among the rebels, who came out to see us. Among them, I remember Lee +(Gimlet), of Virginia, and Cowan, of North Carolina. I saw General Cadmus +Wilcox just across the creek, walking to and fro with his eyes on the +ground, just as was his wont when he was instructor at West Point.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> I +called to him, but he paid no attention, except to glance at me in a +hostile manner.</p> + +<p>While we were thus discussing the probable terms of the surrender, General +Lee, in full uniform, accompanied by one of his staff, and General +Babcock, of General Grant’s staff, rode from the Court House towards our +lines. As he passed us, we all raised our caps in salute, which he +gracefully returned.</p> + +<p>Later in the day loud and continuous cheering was heard among the rebels, +which was taken up and echoed by our lines until the air was rent with +cheers, when all as suddenly subsided. The surrender was a fixed fact, and +the rebels were overjoyed at the very liberal terms they had received. Our +men, without arms, approached the rebel lines, and divided their rations +with the half-starved foe, and engaged in quiet, friendly conversation. +There was no bluster nor braggadocia,—nothing but quiet contentment that +the rebellion was crushed, and the war ended. In fact, many of the rebels +seemed as much pleased as we were. Now and then one would meet a surly, +dissatisfied look; but, as a general thing, we met smiling faces and hands +eager and ready to grasp our own, especially if they contained anything to +eat or drink. After the surrender, I rode over to the Court House with +Colonel Pennington and others and visited the house in which the surrender +had taken place, in search of some memento of the occasion. We found that +everything had been appropriated before our arrival. Mr. Wilmer McLean, in +whose house the surrender took place, informed us that on his farm at +Manassas the first battle of Bull Run was fought. I asked him to write his +name in my diary, for which, much to his<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span> surprise. I gave him a dollar. +Others did the same, and I was told that he thus received quite a golden +harvest.</p> + +<p>While all of the regiments of the division shared largely in the glories +of these two days, none excelled the Second New York Cavalry in its record +of great and glorious deeds. Well might its officers and men carry their +heads high, and feel elated with pride as they received the +congratulations and commendations showered on them from all sides. They +felt they had done their duty, and given the “tottering giant” a blow that +laid him prostrate at their feet, never, it is to be hoped, to rise again.</p> +<p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/end.png" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Last Days of the Rebellion, by Alanson M. 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Randol + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Last Days of the Rebellion + The Second New York Cavalry (Harris' Light) at Appomattox + Station and Appomattox Court House, April 8 and 9, 1865 + +Author: Alanson M. Randol + +Release Date: April 13, 2010 [EBook #31974] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LAST DAYS OF THE REBELLION *** + + + + +Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Archive/American +Libraries.) + + + + + + + + + + LAST DAYS OF THE REBELLION. + + THE SECOND NEW YORK CAVALRY + (HARRIS' LIGHT) + AT APPOMATTOX STATION AND APPOMATTOX COURT + HOUSE, APRIL 8 and 9, 1865. + + + BY + ALANSON M. RANDOL + + _Major First U. S. Artillery (late Colonel Second New York + Cavalry), Bvt. Brig-General, U. S. Vols._ + + + ALCATRAZ ISLAND, CAL., + 1886. + + + + +LAST DAYS OF THE REBELLION. + + +During the winter of 1864-5 the Second New York (Harris' Light) Cavalry +was in winter quarters near Winchester, Va., on the Romney pike. Alanson +M. Randol, Captain First United States Artillery, was colonel of the +regiment, which, with the First Connecticut, Second Ohio, and Third New +Jersey, constituted the first brigade, third division, cavalry corps. The +division was commanded by General George A. Custer; the brigade by A. C. +M. Pennington, Captain Second United States Artillery, Colonel Third New +Jersey Cavalry. On the 27th of February, 1865, the divisions of Merritt +and Custer, with the batteries of Miller (Fourth United States Artillery) +and Woodruff (Second United States Artillery), all under command of +General Sheridan, left their winter quarters in and around Winchester, +and, after a series of splendid victories, and unsurpassed marches and +fortunes, joined the Army of the Potomac in front of Petersburg on the +27th of March. The Second New York Cavalry shared largely in the glories +and miseries of this great and successful raid. At Five Forks, Deep Creek, +and Sailors Creek, it not only maintained its gallant and meritorious +record, but added to its great renown. At the gentle and joyous passage +of arms at Appomattox Station, on the 8th of April, it reached the climax +of its glory, and, by its deeds of daring, touched the pinnacle of fame. +On that day it performed prodigies of valor, and achieved successes as +pregnant with good results as any single action of the war. By forcing a +passage through the rebel lines and heading off Lee's army, it contributed +largely to the result that followed the next day--the surrender of the +Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. + + * * * * * + +On the night of the 7th of April we camped on Buffalo River. Moving at an +early hour on the 8th, we crossed the Lynchburg Railroad at Prospect +Station, and headed for Appomattox Station, where it was expected we would +strike, if not intercept, Lee's retreating, disintegrating army. The trail +was fresh and the chase hot. Joy beamed in every eye, for all felt that +the end was drawing near, and we earnestly hoped that ours might be the +glorious opportunity of striking the final blow. About noon the regiment +was detached to capture a force of the enemy said to be at one of the +crossings of the Appomattox. Some few hundreds, unarmed, half-starved, +stragglers, with no fight in them, were found, and turned over to the +Provost Marshall. Resuming its place in the column, I received orders to +report with the regiment to General Custer, who was at its head. Reporting +in compliance with this order, General Custer informed me that his scouts +had reported three large trains of cars at Appomattox Station, loaded with +supplies for the rebel army; that he expected to have made a junction +with Merritt's division near this point; that his orders were to wait here +till Merritt joined him; that he had not heard from him since morning, and +had sent an officer to communicate with him, but if he did not hear from +him in half an hour, he wished me to take my regiment and capture the +trains of cars, and, if possible, reach and hold the pike to Lynchburg. +While talking, the whistle of the locomotive was distinctly but faintly +heard, and the column was at once moved forward, the Second New York in +advance. As we neared the station the whistles became more and more +distinct, and a scout reported the trains rapidly unloading, and that the +advance of the rebel army was passing through Appomattox Court House. +Although Custer's orders were to make a junction with Merritt before +coming in contact with the enemy, here was a chance to strike a decisive +blow, which, if successful, would add to his renown and glory, and if not, +Merritt would soon be up to help him out of the scrape. Our excitement was +intense, but subdued. All saw the vital importance of heading off the +enemy. Another whistle, nearer and clearer, and another scout decided the +question. I was ordered to move rapidly to Appomattox Station, seize the +trains there, and, if possible, get possession of the Lynchburg pike. +General Custer rode up alongside of me and, laying his hand on my +shoulder, said, "Go in, old fellow, don't let anything stop you; now is +the chance for your stars. Whoop 'em up; I'll be after you." The regiment +left the column at a slow trot, which became faster and faster until we +caught sight of the cars, which were preparing to move away, when, with a +cheer, we charged down on the station, capturing in an instant the three +trains of cars, with the force guarding them. I called for engineers and +firemen to take charge of the trains, when at least a dozen of my men +around me offered their services. I chose the number required, and ordered +the trains to be run to the rear, where I afterwards learned they were +claimed as captures by General Ord's corps. The cars were loaded with +commissary stores, a portion of which had been unloaded, on which the +rebel advance were regaling themselves when we pounced so unexpectedly +down on them. + +While the regiment was rallying after the charge, the enemy opened on it a +fierce fire from all kinds of guns--field and siege--which, however, did +but little damage, as the regiment was screened from the enemy's sight by +a dense woods. I at once sent notification to General Custer and Colonel +Pennington of my success, moved forward--my advance busily +skirmishing--and followed with the regiment in line of battle, mounted. +The advance was soon checked by the enemy formed behind hastily +constructed intrenchments in a dense wood of the second growth of pine. +Flushed with success and eager to gain the Lynchburg pike, along which +immense wagon and siege trains were rapidly moving, the regiment was +ordered to charge. Three times did it try to break through the enemy's +lines, but failed. Colonel Pennington arrived on the field with the rest +of the brigade, when, altogether, a rush was made, but it failed. Then +Custer, with the whole division, tried it, but he, too, failed. Charge and +charge again, was now the order, but it was done in driblets, without +organization and in great disorder. General Custer was here, there, and +everywhere, urging the men forward with cheers and oaths. The great prize +was so nearly in his grasp that it seemed a pity to lose it; but the rebel +infantry held on hard and fast, while his artillery belched out death and +destruction on every side of us. Merritt and night were fast coming on, so +as soon as a force, however small, was organized, it was hurled forward, +only to recoil in confusion and loss. Confident that this mode of fighting +would not bring us success, and fearful lest the enemy should assume the +offensive, which, in our disorganized state, must result in disaster, I +went to General Custer soon after dark, and said to him that if he would +let me get my regiment together, I could break through the rebel line. He +excitedly replied, "Never mind your regiment; take anything and everything +you can find, horse-holders and all, and break through: we must get hold +of the pike to-night." Acting on this order, a force was soon organized by +me, composed chiefly of the Second New York, but in part of other +regiments, undistinguishable in the darkness. With this I made a charge +down a narrow lane, which led to an open field where the rebel artillery +was posted. As the charging column debouched from the woods, six bright +lights suddenly flashed directly before us. A toronado of canister-shot +swept over our heads, and the next instant we were in the battery. The +line was broken, and the enemy routed. Custer, with the whole division, +now pressed through the gap pell-mell, in hot pursuit, halting for neither +prisoners nor guns, until the road to Lynchburg, crowded with wagons and +artillery, was in our possession. We then turned short to the right and +headed for the Appomattox Court House; but just before reaching it we +discovered the thousands of camp fires of the rebel army, and the pursuit +was checked. The enemy had gone into camp, in fancied security that his +route to Lynchburg was still open before him; and he little dreamed that +our cavalry had planted itself directly across his path, until some of our +men dashed into Appomattox Court House, where, unfortunately, Lieutenant +Colonel Root, of the Fifteenth New York Cavalry, was instantly killed by a +picket guard. After we had seized the road, we were joined by other +divisions of the cavalry corps which came to our assistance, but too late +to take part in the fight. + +Owing to the night attack, our regiments were so mixed up that it took +hours to reorganize them. When this was effected, we marched near to the +railroad station and bivouacked. + +That night was passed in great anxiety. We threw ourselves on the ground +to rest, but not to sleep. We knew that the infantry was hastening to our +assistance, but unless they joined us before sunrise, our cavalry line +would be brushed away, and the rebels would escape after all our hard work +to head them off from Lynchburg. About daybreak I was aroused by loud +hurrahs, and was told that Ord's corps was coming up rapidly, and forming +in rear of our cavalry. Soon after we were in the saddle and moving +towards the Appomattox Court House road, where the firing was growing +lively; but suddenly our direction was changed, and the whole cavalry +corps rode at a gallop to the right of our line, passing between the +position of the rebels and the rapidly forming masses of our infantry, who +greeted us with cheers and shouts of joy as we galloped along their front. +At several places we had to "run the gauntlet" of fire from the enemy's +guns posted around the Court House, but this only added to the interest +of the scene, for we felt it to be the last expiring effort of the enemy +to put on a bold front; we knew that we had them this time, and that at +last Lee's proud army of Northern Virginia was at our mercy. While moving +at almost a charging gait we were suddenly brought to a halt by reports of +a surrender. General Sheridan and his staff rode up, and left in hot haste +for the Court House; but just after leaving us, they were fired into by a +party of rebel cavalry, who also opened fire on us, to which we promptly +replied, and soon put them to flight. Our lines were then formed for a +charge on the rebel infantry; but while the bugles were sounding the +charge, an officer with a white flag rode out from the rebel lines, and we +halted. It was fortunate for us that we halted when we did, for had we +charged we would have been swept into eternity, as directly in our front +was a creek, on the other side of which was a rebel brigade, entrenched, +with batteries in position, the guns double shotted with canister. To have +charged this formidable array, mounted, would have resulted in almost +total annihilation. After we had halted, we were informed that +preliminaries were being arranged for the surrender of Lee's whole army. +At this news, cheer after cheer rent the air for a few moments, when soon +all became as quiet as if nothing unusual had occurred. I rode forward +between the lines with Custer and Pennington, and met several old friends +among the rebels, who came out to see us. Among them, I remember Lee +(Gimlet), of Virginia, and Cowan, of North Carolina. I saw General Cadmus +Wilcox just across the creek, walking to and fro with his eyes on the +ground, just as was his wont when he was instructor at West Point. I +called to him, but he paid no attention, except to glance at me in a +hostile manner. + +While we were thus discussing the probable terms of the surrender, General +Lee, in full uniform, accompanied by one of his staff, and General +Babcock, of General Grant's staff, rode from the Court House towards our +lines. As he passed us, we all raised our caps in salute, which he +gracefully returned. + +Later in the day loud and continuous cheering was heard among the rebels, +which was taken up and echoed by our lines until the air was rent with +cheers, when all as suddenly subsided. The surrender was a fixed fact, and +the rebels were overjoyed at the very liberal terms they had received. Our +men, without arms, approached the rebel lines, and divided their rations +with the half-starved foe, and engaged in quiet, friendly conversation. +There was no bluster nor braggadocia,--nothing but quiet contentment that +the rebellion was crushed, and the war ended. In fact, many of the rebels +seemed as much pleased as we were. Now and then one would meet a surly, +dissatisfied look; but, as a general thing, we met smiling faces and hands +eager and ready to grasp our own, especially if they contained anything to +eat or drink. After the surrender, I rode over to the Court House with +Colonel Pennington and others and visited the house in which the surrender +had taken place, in search of some memento of the occasion. We found that +everything had been appropriated before our arrival. Mr. Wilmer McLean, in +whose house the surrender took place, informed us that on his farm at +Manassas the first battle of Bull Run was fought. I asked him to write his +name in my diary, for which, much to his surprise. I gave him a dollar. +Others did the same, and I was told that he thus received quite a golden +harvest. + +While all of the regiments of the division shared largely in the glories +of these two days, none excelled the Second New York Cavalry in its record +of great and glorious deeds. Well might its officers and men carry their +heads high, and feel elated with pride as they received the +congratulations and commendations showered on them from all sides. They +felt they had done their duty, and given the "tottering giant" a blow that +laid him prostrate at their feet, never, it is to be hoped, to rise again. + + + + +Transcriber's Note: + +The following misprints have been corrected: + "crowed" corrected to "crowded" (page 7) + "on on" corrected to "on" (page 9) + "unusal" corrected to "unusual" (page 9) + + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Last Days of the Rebellion, by Alanson M. 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