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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Glimpses of King William IV. and Queen
+Adelaide, by Mary Clitherow
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Glimpses of King William IV. and Queen Adelaide
+       In Letters of the Late Miss Clitherow, of Boston House,
+       Middlesex. With a Brief Account of Boston House and the
+       Clitherow Family
+
+Author: Mary Clitherow
+
+Editor: G. Cecil White
+
+Release Date: January 26, 2011 [EBook #35086]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GLIMPSES OF KING WILLIAM IV. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David McClamrock
+
+
+
+
+GLIMPSES OF KING WILLIAM IV. AND QUEEN ADELAIDE
+
+IN LETTERS OF THE LATE MISS CLITHEROW, OF BOSTON HOUSE, MIDDLESEX. WITH
+A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF BOSTON HOUSE AND THE CLITHEROW FAMILY
+
+BY REV. G. CECIL WHITE, M.A., F.S.S., RECTOR OF NURSLING, HANTS
+
+LONDON. MDCCCCII R. BRIMLEY JOHNSON
+
+
+
+PREFACE
+
+THE following pages are mainly compiled from certain letters by Miss
+Mary Clitherow, which have come into the editor's possession. They
+afford glimpses of the Court at that time, with reference not so much
+to public functions as to their Majesties' more private relations with
+persons honoured with their friendship. The reader will meet with few,
+if any, references in them to leaders in political or philanthropic
+movements or in the realms of literature or fashion; but it is not to
+be inferred that these were regarded with disfavour or treated with
+coldness by their Majesties, whose kindly interest in the well-being of
+their people is notorious. There were in this short reign many
+commanding personalities whose names must live in our history, and ever
+be remembered With respect and gratitude. To name only a few: the Duke
+of Wellington, Lords Grey, Melbourne, Brougham, Palmerston and
+Shaftesbury, Sir Robert Peel, William Wilberforce, Sir Walter Scott,
+Robert Southey, Thomas Campbell, S. T. Coleridge, Henry Hallam, Bulwer
+Lytton and William Thackeray were among the leading spirits of the time.
+
+With such, however, these pages have no direct concern. They treat of
+personal friends whose interests lay neither in the Court nor in the
+Senate, and whose aims had no taint of self-seeking. The knowledge that
+William IV.'s intimate friends were high-minded, independent,
+kind-hearted English gentlefolk assures us that the King's well-known
+simplicity of taste was joined to a kindliness of heart, a sincerity of
+character, and a devotion to duty which enabled him to maintain his
+heritage of royal responsibility, and to hand it on to his successor
+with its honour restored, its resources enlarged, and its security
+confirmed.
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+I. A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF BOSTON HOUSE AND THE CLITHEROW FAMILY
+
+II. DEFEAT OF THE MINISTRY--DINNER AT ST. JAMES's, 1830
+
+III. A WEEK-END VISIT TO WINDSOR, 1831
+
+IV. CHOLERA AT BRENTFORD--FALSE RUMOURS ABOUT THE QUEEN--DISMISSAL OF
+EARL HOWE--DEATH OF THE PRINCESS LOUISE--AT WINDSOR AGAIN--AN AFTERNOON
+ON VIRGINIA WATER, 1832
+
+V. THE ROYAL BIRTHDAY FÊTES, 1833
+
+VI. DINNER TO THEIR MAJESTIES AT BOSTON HOUSE, 1834
+
+VII. LUNCHEON AT WINDSOR--VISITS TO WINDSOR AND ST. JAMES'S, 1835
+
+VIII. DINNER AT KEW--FÊTES AT SYON HOUSE--QUEEN ADELAIDE'S FUND
+
+IX. DEATH OF THE KING, 1837
+
+X. AN APPRECIATION OF WILLIAM IV. AND HIS REIGN
+
+
+
+GLIMPSES OF KING WILLIAM IV. AND QUEEN ADELAIDE
+
+
+
+I
+
+A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF BOSTON HOUSE AND THE CLITHEROW FAMILY
+
+IT seems almost incredible that in the twentieth century a station on
+the Metropolitan Railway should stand amidst quite rural surroundings.
+About Brentford,[*] however, there are still several fine properties
+which have hitherto escaped the grip of the speculative builder--e.g.,
+Osterley Park, the seat of the Earl of Jersey, and Syon Hill, the seat
+of the Duke of Northumberland--and the immediate neighbourhood of
+Boston Road is not yet covered with semi-detached villas, or sordid
+streets of jerry-built cottages. It is nearly a quarter of a mile's
+walk along the road leading from Hanwell to Brentford before one comes
+to the first house on the right. Though not a mansion of the first
+rank, it is of sufficient size and antiquity to arrest attention. This
+is Boston House. It stands a little back from the high road, and the
+handsome iron gates allow the passer-by a glimpse of its quaint gables
+and narrow stone porch. It was built in 1622, and is a brick house of
+three stories, with three gables in front, and a long range of offices,
+etc., stretching from it on the north side.
+
+[*] In a paper reprinted from _Home Counties Magazine_ for October,
+1901, occur the following remarks in 'Royalty in the Parish': 'Edmund
+the Atheling, also called Ironside, in 1016 was murdered at night in a
+house at Brentford by his brother-in-law, Edric Steone. Henry VI. in
+1445 held a chapter of the Garter at the Red Lion Inn, Brentford.
+Charles I. witnessed the Battle of Brentford between his troops and
+those of the Parliament in 1642 from the grounds of Boston House. But
+it is not generally known that King William IV. and Queen Adelaide
+dined at that house in 1834.'
+
+The hall, which is not large, is surrounded by shields bearing the arms
+of former owners of the manor. The first of these to the north of the
+entrance is that of Edward I., who granted the manor to St. Helen's
+Hospital in the City of London. Then follow those of Edward VI., who
+granted it to the Duke of Somerset; Elizabeth, who granted it to
+Robert, Earl of Leicester; Charles II. and William IV., who visited
+Boston on several occasions. In addition to these are seen in order
+those of other holders of the manor: Rollesby, who devised it to St.
+Helens; St. Helen's; Edward, Duke of Somerset; Robert, Earl of
+Leicester; Sir Thomas Gresham, who also owned Osterley; Sir W. Read; I.
+Goldsmith. These are on the south side. On the north are Clitherow and
+Hewett; Clitherow and Campbell; Clitherow and Barker; Clitherow and
+Paule; Clitherow and Gale; Clitherow and Jodrell; Clitherow and Powell;
+Clitherow and Kemeys; Clitherow and Pole; Clitherow and Snow.
+
+The drawing-room, which is on the first floor, has a very fine moulded
+ceiling with many beautiful medallions. These contain allegorical
+representations of Peace and War, the five senses, the four elements,
+the three Christian graces, etc. The mouldings and borders are picked
+out in red, and the Latin names of the subjects are in gilt letters.
+The walls of this room, as well as those of the dining-room and
+library, are hung with many portraits of the Clitherow family by
+leading artists of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Among
+these should be specially noted a pastile by Zoffany of Mr. and Mrs.
+and Miss Child, taken in the porch at Osterley. Mrs. Child (_née_
+Jodrell) was the sister of Mrs. Clitherow, and afterwards married
+(1791) the third Lord Ducie. Miss Child married the tenth Earl of
+Westmoreland, and became the mother of the Countess of Jersey. Here are
+also to be seen examples of Rubens, Van Dyke, C. Lorraine, Sir P. Lely,
+Sir G. Kneller, Romney, Zuccharo, Van Somers, Zoffany, and many others.
+Behind the drawing-room is a State bedroom, the ceiling of which is
+also moulded and coloured.
+
+The grounds are extensive, and well planted with shrubs, roses, etc.
+There are several fine trees on the lawn. A yew-tree with long branches
+trailing near the house covers a circle of ground over seventy yards in
+circumference, and a cedar, which was sown in 1754, is an exceptionally
+fine specimen. To the east of the broad terrace lies the orchard, where
+in June, 1834, the neighbours stared at the Royal party and got Queen
+Adelaide's 'dress by heart,' while the haymakers cheered her Majesty
+and quaffed their allowance of beer. [See Chapter VI.]
+
+To the west of the lawn shady paths lead through a pretty wilderness to
+the river Brent, beyond whose winding course there lies undulating and
+well-timbered, park-like land, adjoining the grounds of Osterley--a
+homely bit of characteristic English scenery.
+
+This beautiful place, which is at present owned by the Rev. W. J.
+Stracey Clitherow, formerly Fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge, has
+been in possession of the family since it was purchased by James
+Clitherow in 1670. The family, though never ennobled, is an ancient
+one, with a very honourable record. In the fourteenth and fifteenth
+centuries they resided at Goldmerstone, in the parish of Ash, near
+Sandwich. The remains of several of the family lie in the parish church
+there, and the brasses of two remain, though one is sadly mutilated.
+This last is to the memory of Richard Clitherow, who was Sheriff of the
+county of Kent in 1403, and 'Admiral of the seas from the Thames
+eastward.' He married the daughter of Sir John Oldcastle, who, in right
+of his wife, assumed the title of Lord Cobham,[*] and died for the
+faith of Christ on Christmas Day, 1417, among the Lollard martyrs at
+the gate of St. Giles' Hospital. The family was represented at
+Agincourt in 1415; one sat for the county of Kent in Parliament in
+1407, and another was Lord Mayor of London in 1635.
+
+[*] From Sir John Oldcastle the Clitherows derive both their arms and
+crest.  In the reign of George IV. the head of the family was Colonel
+James Clitherow, born in 1766, who married Miss Jane Snow, of Langton,
+Dorset. A portrait of him hangs in the library, painted by Romney in
+the year 1785. He was a high-minded, accomplished, and conscientious
+English gentleman, who took an active interest in many good works, both
+of local and wider importance. He was actively interested in the
+establishment of the Hanwell Lunatic Asylum, in the Board Room of which
+his portrait by Pickersgill may still be seen. He was Chairman of the
+Visiting Justices of the institution from its opening in 1832 till
+April, 1839, and in 1835 he founded the charity (still in existence)
+known as Queen Adelaide's Fund.
+
+Colonel and Mrs. Clitherow's home at Boston House was shared by his
+sister Mary, who was two years his senior. About the year 1824 they
+became acquainted with the Duke of Clarence, afterwards King William
+IV., who then resided at Bushey, of which park he was Ranger; and they
+were admitted to an unusual degree of intimacy with their Royal
+neighbours, observing in their intercourse with them an honesty not
+usually found in courtiers, but quite in keeping with the family motto,
+'Loyal, yet true.' So close did this intimacy become that, after his
+accession, the King nicknamed Miss Clitherow 'Princess Augusta,' in
+allusion to her being the old maid of the family as the Princess was in
+his own, and when inquiring for her of Colonel or Mrs. Clitherow would
+say, 'How is _your_ Princess Augusta?' her of Colonel or Mrs. Clitherow
+would say, 'How is _your_ Princess Augusta?'
+
+Although, however, the Clitherows were frequent guests at Windsor and
+St. James's, they were not courtiers in the common acceptation of that
+term. They sought neither place nor preferment, and received no signal
+mark of Royal favour. Miss Clitherow never even attended a Drawing
+Room, and the Colonel and his wife only appear to have done so on one
+occasion, when the Queen remarked: 'I knew Miss Clitherow would not
+come; it is too public. She had almost left off going out till we made
+her come to St. James's.' Miss Clitherow was naturally of a quiet and
+retiring disposition, while her own account of her introduction to the
+Court, and of the independent spirit which pervaded the family, is
+interesting not only in itself but as illustrating the kindly sincerity
+of the King and Queen. Writing to an old friend in November, 1830, she
+says:
+
+'I can hardly believe that I feel as much at home in the Royal presence
+as in any other first society, but it is the fact. It is seven years
+that my brother and Mr. [sic] Clitherow have been noticed, but I am
+only just _come out_ now. For many years my health did not allow of my
+dining out, and I got so out of the habit that I avoided it, and quite
+escaped being asked to Bushey till the Duke became King. Before George
+IV. was buried they were invited; no party but the Royal brothers and
+sisters and the Fitz-Clarences. They did me the honour to talk of me,
+the King calling me my brother's Princess Augusta, in allusion to my
+being the old maid of the family, and then added: "I can't see why she
+does not some out; you must dine here Tuesday, and bring her." So the
+deed was done. Refuse I could not. I dined at Bushey, then twice at St.
+James's, then on the Queen's birthday at Bushey, and then went to
+Windsor Castle on Friday and stayed till after church on Sunday, and
+now to dinner at St. James's last Monday. So that actually [in less
+than five months] the little old maid of Boston House has dined seven
+times with King William IV., and honestly I have liked it. There is a
+kindness and ease in their manner towards us that must be gratifying
+. . . and when we come home what a feeling of comfort we have in not
+being obliged to live in that circle, with all the insincerity so often
+belonging to courtiers! I am very sure my dear Jane's honest manner and
+the sound judgment which she ventures to express to Her Majesty makes
+her such a favourite. Much as we are noticed, we do not court them, and
+never have asked the slightest favour. When they first went to Windsor
+our friends said: "You must drive over and put your names down." "No,"
+Mrs. Clitherow said, "we were asked to the Queen's birthday; I will not
+go before the King's, it will look like pushing to be asked." And we
+received our invitation to Windsor before we had called. When we came
+away, the King expressed a hope to see us at Brighton, as he knew we
+frequently went into Sussex. Our friends all were for sending us
+thither, but it did not suit us. Don't you like independence? As soon
+as they came to town we did put our names down. Miss Fitz-Clarence
+writes herself to Mrs. Clitherow to inform her of her intended marriage
+with Lord Falkland, and Mrs. Henry is employed to write and invite us
+to dinner to meet our own friends. So I think we rather go the right
+way to please them.'
+
+Surely few families have taken their motto more faithfully as a guide
+to their conduct!
+
+
+
+II
+
+DEFEAT OF THE MINISTRY--DINNER AT ST. JAMES'S
+
+THOUGH the reign of William IV. was free from any serious war, the
+political condition of the country was such as to cause the King much
+anxiety. The establishment of a popular Government in France under
+Louis Philippe gave a great impulse to the enthusiasm which had been
+growing in England for Parliamentary reform, which, through the growth
+of large manufacturing centres since 1790, had become a more urgent
+necessity every year. In 1795 Lord Grey brought forward a motion on the
+subject, which was opposed by Burke and Pitt, and thrown out by a large
+majority. The attention of the country was somewhat diverted from
+reform during the war with France, which was brought to a close after
+the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Its advocacy in Parliament was renewed
+in 1817 by Sir Francis Burdett, while William Cobbett's pamphlets, and
+large public meetings, often attended by riots, voiced the popular
+feeling, which Parliament endeavoured to stifle, thereby only adding to
+the discontent. Lord John Russell, in 1819, proposed resolutions in its
+favour, but failed to carry them. Lord Liverpool's ministry, which
+lasted till his death in 1827, was strenuously opposed to it, and
+Canning's death in the same year was a further check to political
+progress.
+
+The General Election, consequent on the accession of William IV., was
+favou[r]able to the supporters of reform, and the Duke of Wellington,
+who had been Prime Minister for more than two years, roused a great
+deal of feeling by declaring his unqualified disagreement with their
+views. Before, however, any resolution was brought forward, the
+Government was defeated on a motion connected with the Civil List, and
+the Duke immediately resigned. On the night of his defeat, the
+Clitherows were dining at St. James's, and the following extract from a
+letter dated November 20, 1830, tells us of the reception of the news
+at the Palace:
+
+'We were at St. James's the night of the Duke's defeat in the House.
+The King had a note, which he opened, and left the room, but soon
+returned. Colonel Fred Fitz-Clarence came in, and told the Queen[*] of
+it in German. Miss Wilson was sitting by me, and exclaimed, "Good God!"
+in a low tone. I looked at her; she put up her finger, and afterwards
+whispered what was said in German, but nothing transpired--not a
+comment. It's the great secret at Court to smile and be cheerful and
+attentive to the circle round you when the heart is sad, and it was
+exemplified that evening.'
+
+[*] Queen Adelaide was the eldest daughter of George Frederick, Duke of
+Saxe-Meiningen, born 1792. By her marriage in 1818 to William IV. she
+had two children, both of whom died in infancy.
+
+The news appears from this to have fallen like a thunderbolt upon the
+party, and the inference as to the Clitherows' views is that they were
+supporters of the Duke. The letter proceeds to touch of matters of less
+public importance, but illustrative of the King and Queen's interest in
+local affairs and English industries:
+
+'We had dined there, and it seems almost like vain boasting, but it was
+a party made for us. When the King told Mrs. Henry to write and invite
+us, he said: "I shall only ask Colonel Clitherow's friends that I have
+met at Boston House." And it was the Duke of Dorset,[*] Lord[**] and
+Lady Mayo, the Archbishop and Mrs. Howley, the rest of the company his
+own family, the Duke of Sussex,[***] and a few of the
+Household-in-waiting. There could not be a greater compliment. The Queen
+shows a decided partiality for Mrs. Clitherow. In the evening she sat down
+to a French table, and called to her to sit by her. The King came in and
+sat down on the other side of Mrs. Clitherow. She rose to retire, but he
+said: "Sit down, ma'am--sit down." Two boxes were placed before him,
+and he said to Miss Fitz-Clarence[****]: "Amelia, I want pen and ink."
+Away she went, and brought a beautiful gold inkstand, and he signed his
+name, I am sure, a hundred times, passed the papers to Mrs. Clitherow,
+and she to the Queen, who put them on the blotting-paper, then folded
+them neatly and put them in their little case to enable them to pack
+into the boxes again, conversation going on all the time. When the
+business was over, the King took my brother to a sofa, and chatted a
+long time, inquiring into the state of things in our neighbourhood,
+policemen, etc. The Queen's new band was playing beautifully all the
+evening, which she said she had ordered to have my brother's opinion.
+The late King's private band cost the King £18,000 a year. It was
+dismissed, and a small band is formed--I believe I may say all English,
+and many of the juvenile performers whom she patronizes. Her dress was
+particularly elegant, white, and all English manufacture. She made us
+observe her blend was as handsome as Lady Mayo's French blend. "I hope
+all the ladies will patronize the English blend of silk," she said. She
+is a very pretty figure, and her dress so moderate, sleeves and
+head-dress much less than the hideous fashion.'
+
+[*] Charles Sackville Germain, fifth Duke of Dorset, K.G., was a son of
+the first Viscount Sackville, and born 1767. He became Viscount
+Sackville 1785, and succeeded his cousin, the fourth Duke of Dorset, in
+1815.
+
+[**] John Bourke, fourth Earl of Mayo, born 1766, succeeded his father
+1794. Married Arabella, fourth daughter of W. M. Praed, Esq. His
+brothers were Bishop of Waterford and Dean of Ossory.
+
+[***] H.R.H. was the sixth son of H.M. George III., born 1773, and was
+unmarried.
+
+[****] The King's youngest daughter, by Mrs. Jordan; born 1807,
+married, 1830, the ninth Viscount Falkland.
+
+
+
+III
+
+A WEEK-END VISIT TO WINDSOR
+
+THE following long letter bears testimony to the King's conscientious
+discharge of duty, to his anxiety with regard to public affairs, to the
+Queen's devout religious spirit, and to her non-interference in
+politics:
+
+'April 13, 1831.
+
+'How very odd it was that I should find your letter on the table
+requesting to hear a little about Royalty on my return home from a
+three days' visit to Windsor Castle, the beauty, splendour, and comfort
+of which is not to be described! We were twenty-nine in the Castle, and
+dined from thirty-four to thirty-six each day, and Sunday forty. The
+King asked all the clergy who received him in the room before we went
+into the Royal pews. I am sorry to say that service wants _reform_. We
+were two hours and a half, the service very ill read, the quantity of
+chanting not well done, and, to close all, we could not hear the
+sermon. Mr. Digby, I think, was the preacher, and the text was
+recommending mercy, but beyond that I never caught a sentence. The
+Queen says when she is in church she likes to be serious, and to keep
+her mind on religious thoughts. She cannot hear, her mind will wander,
+so she reads a sermon, which she holds low out of sight. They generally
+have the Dean, and he is dreadfully mumbling.
+
+'On a Sunday they only have a carriage or two for those who cannot
+walk. She never has her riding party, and often goes to the evening
+service; but she dedicated the time to us to show us her walks,
+flower-garden, a cottage that is building for her, her beautiful dairy,
+with a little neat country body like our Betty at the farm, and her
+labourers' cottages, whence out came the children running to her. One
+had a kind word, another a pat on the head.
+
+'Then we saw the farmyard, pigs, cows, etc. Then she took us all over
+Frogmore Garden, which is extensive and very pretty, and then back by
+dairy and slopes. We were absolutely _three hours_, walking a good
+pace. We numbered about fourteen, but, with the usual thought, two
+carriages were at Frogmore to convey home the tired ones. Only two gave
+in. The day was very lovely, and her animation and spirits quite
+delightful. And this is our Queen--not an atom of pride or finery, yet
+dignified in the highest degree when necessary to be Majesty. God grant
+her peace and comfort may not be broke in upon!
+
+'The King is ten years older since he wore the crown. Princess
+Augusta[*] assured us the Queen and themselves never name politics.
+They say he is so harassed with business they try to draw his mind to
+trifles--to the farm, the improvements, anything but State affairs. She
+added: "The Queen is like my good mother--never interferes or even
+gives any opinion. We _may_ think, we _must_ think, we _do_ think, but
+we need not speak."
+
+[*] H.R.H. was second daughter of H.M. George III.; born 1768, died
+1840.
+
+'Their Majesties are not seen till three o'clock. They breakfast and
+lunch in their private apartments. Then she comes out and arranges the
+morning excursions--all sorts of carriages and saddle-horses. She is a
+beautiful horse-woman, and rides about three hours, a good, merry pace.
+She sets forth with Maids of Honour and Ladies attendant, and generally
+returns surrounded by the gentlemen only, for it is understood she
+dispenses with their attendance the moment they get fatigued, and so
+they sneak off one by one. There are plenty of grooms to attend.
+
+'Mrs. Clitherow got a quiet ride with my brother and the Duke of
+Dorset, whom the Queen always asks to meet us, as she always met him
+here in former times. Jane returned for the gentlemen to attend the
+Queen, and Jane and I went a long drive about the park with the
+Princess Augusta, who was most chatty and good-humoured.
+
+'On Sunday between church and luncheon we were summoned to the Queen's
+own apartment to present to her a picture of Bushey House. We have a
+young friend who has made a very pretty picture of old Boston House,
+and the happy thought of getting Bushey struck my brother. The Queen is
+so fond of Bushey! She looked some time at it, then turned to Jane and
+said, "I shall value it. You know how I love dear Bushey; but I value
+more the kind thought of having it painted for me." Jane told her when
+she became Queen her happiest days were past, and she often reminds her
+of it. She perpetually asks her questions, and says, "You are so
+honest; you tell me true." She draws extremely well. She took a
+likeness one evening of one of her beauties, Miss Bagot, and when she
+was showing her portfolio everyone exclaimed it was so very like.
+
+'Poor Mrs. Kennedy Erskine[*] was there. She lived in her own
+apartments. Mrs. Fox,[**] her sister, and Miss Wilson took it by turns
+to dine with her. She was only married four years, was doatingly fond
+of her husband, and is left with three children.[***] The King went
+every evening when he came from the dinner-room and sat half an hour
+with her. On his return to the drawing-room the Queen had taken her
+work and Jane Clitherow into the music-room, while I remained at her
+table with the Princess Augusta. The King came up. "Ah, my two
+Princesses Augusta, this is very comfortable; now to business.' She had
+the official boxes, pen and ink all ready. He unlocked a box and set to
+work signing, the Princess rubbing them on the blotting-book and
+returning them into their cases. He signed seventy. Three times he was
+obliged to stop and put his hand in hot water, he had the cramp so
+severe in his fingers. When he signed the last he exclaimed, "Thank
+God, 'tis done!" He looked at me and said: "My dear madame, when I
+began signing I had 48,000 signatures my poor brother should have
+signed. I did them all, but I made a determination never to lay my head
+on my pillow till I had signed everything I ought on the day, cost me
+what it might. It is cruel suffering, but, thank God! 'tis only cramp;
+my health never was better." The Queen was all attention, came and
+stood by him, but neither she nor the Princess said anything. When he
+is in pain he likes perfect quiet and to be left alone.
+
+[*] The King's fourth daughter, Augusta, born 1803, married, first,
+1827, Hon. John Kennedy Erskine--he died 1831; secondly, 1836, Lord
+Frederick Gordon.
+
+[**] The King's second daughter, Mary; born 1798, married, 1824,
+Colonel C. R. Fox, A.D.C. to the Queen.
+
+[***] As her four children are subsequently mentioned, it may be noted
+that a posthumous child was born two or three months after this letter
+was written.
+
+'On Monday morning all left the Castle, and the great square full of
+carriages being packed was most amusing. The Queen stood at the Window
+with us. There were three fours of the King's, and nineteen pair of
+post-horses, besides the out-riders, guard of honour, etc., etc.
+
+'My paper makes me end, or I could go on till to-morrow. Adieu, my good
+friend! If I have amused you for a few minutes I am well repaid.
+
+'My best remembrances to your trio.
+
+'Yours truly, 'M. C.'
+
+
+
+IV
+
+CHOLERA AT BRENTFORD--FALSE RUMOURS ABOUT THE QUEEN--DISMISSAL OF EARL
+HOWE--DEATH OF THE PRINCESS LOUISE--AT WINDSOR AGAIN--AN AFTERNOON ON
+VIRGINIA WATER
+
+IN 1832 the cholera made its appearance in many parts of the country,
+and claimed many victims. At Brentford the people disputed hotly about
+it, some alleging it was not Asiatic cholera, fearing that the
+prevalence of that epidemic would be detrimental to the little trade of
+the town. At the parish meetings feeling ran so high that the
+disputants almost came to blows, and Colonel Clitherow 'never had so
+much difficulty in keeping them in decent order.'
+
+In the autumn of the previous year Earl Howe[*] had been dismissed, at
+the request of Lord Grey, from the post of Chamberlain to the Queen. As
+this office had always been regarded as independent of the Ministry of
+the day, the incident attracted a good deal of attention at the time,
+and formed the subject of a question by Mr. Trevor in the House of
+Commons, to which the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord Althorp,
+returned a diplomatic reply. Yet, however unusual the action taken by
+the Government may have been, there can be little doubt that,
+considering the feeling of the country respecting reform, their
+decision was a wise one. Earl Howe had twice voted against the Reform
+Bill, and it might have been inferred that he had been influenced in
+this action by the Queen against the King's wish. His dismissal did
+not, apparently, prevent rumours to this effect becoming current, and
+the Queen and her friends were much annoyed at the imputations thus
+implied and expressed. That these somewhat natural inferences had no
+substantial foundation is made clear by a letter written from Boston
+House, April 11, 1832:
+
+[*] Richard William Penn Curzon-Howe, second Viscount Curzon; born
+1796, created Earl Howe 1821, his maternal grandfather, the celebrated
+Admiral, having previously borne that title.
+
+'We are often annoyed at the unaccountable falsehoods put about of our
+dear Queen. The world now says she and the King are on such bad terms
+that she is going to Germany. My brother called on Lady Mary Taylour[*]
+(she is Princess Augusta's Lady of the Bedchamber), who said she had
+that morning read a letter from the Queen to the Princess, in which she
+said she had been very unwell, her anxiety was so great about the
+Princess Louise; her mother was ill, and her sister not coming, but,
+she added, "My comfort and consolation is the extreme kindness of the
+King. Nothing can exceed it.' This is from one you may believe. When we
+were at the Pavilion, early in December, she was too ill to come out of
+her room, but sent for Mrs. Clitherow after dinner, and she had a
+_tête-à-tête_ with her for an hour. She spoke much of the insult to her
+of dismissing Lord Howe, but what hurt her most was her fear lest the
+King should be blamed, for she was sure he never would have done it
+could he have helped himself. I think now, if you hear the report, you
+may contradict it on sure grounds. I do believe her excellent and good.'
+
+[*] Eldest daughter of the first Marquis of Headfort, born 1782.
+
+Within a week or two after this, Colonel and Mrs. Clitherow again
+visited Windsor by the Royal commands, and Miss Clitherow, in her
+minute chronicle, shows that, while they cherished no pride of pomp or
+station, they fully appreciated the honour of the King's friendship:
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'May 13, 1832.
+
+'Thank God the cholera does seem subsiding! And in what mercy has that
+scourge visited England compared to other countries! Yet, such is the
+fatal blindness of the multitude, they see none of God's mercies, and
+only provoke Him more and more by increasing wickedness. The downfall
+of our Church seems the first object. But you know as much as I know,
+and a truce with the subject.
+
+'I will tell you of our Courtly doings, and how thankful we are that we
+just take the cream, free and independent, without rank or place--no
+troubles, turmoils, or jealousies. We receive the most flattering
+notice--and it can be from no other motive than liking us--a rare
+occurrence at Court, and of which we have a right to be proud.
+
+'Lately a command came to my brother and Mrs. Clitherow to come to
+Windsor Castle on the Monday and stay till the Wednesday. There were no
+other visitors. Nobody breakfasts with the Queen or takes luncheon
+unless sent for. You have your breakfast in your own sitting-room, or
+at the general breakfast, as you prefer. We always take the latter, but
+this visit Jane was with her at every meal, the King the only gentleman
+admitted at breakfast, and only his sons, or very few, at luncheon.
+Each evening the Queen called Jane to her sofa and work-table, where,
+also, no one approaches but by her invitation, and on the Tuesday
+morning the King took my brother all round the Castle with Wyattville,
+giving orders and directions. I fear greatly the _improving mania_ is
+coming upon His Majesty, which, in these times, will be very
+unfortunate.
+
+'The Queen took my brother and Jane a long drive in her barouche.
+
+'Now, in this kind of social visit you get at much of a person's mind
+and opinions. The Queen seemed to enjoy a freedom of speech with
+friends. Poor thing! how seldom can she feel that! She terms Jane her
+"friend who tells her true." I can safely say, in contradiction to the
+abominable reports circulated to her disadvantage, that she and the
+King are on the best terms possible. In all her conversation, her
+anxiety was on his account, lest he should get blamed. She has strong
+sense and good judgment. She said: "I must have my own opinion, but I
+do not talk to the King about it. It would only make him unhappy, and
+could do no good."
+
+'After the drive she took them into her room, and clasped a bracelet
+round Jane's arm, begging her to wear it for her sake, and, as the
+stone was an amethyst, the A would remind her of Adelaide, and then she
+kissed her cheek. To my brother she presented a silver medallion of the
+King, telling him her name was on the back, and he must keep it for her
+sake. She always has something obliging and kind to say. She sent a
+ticket for her box at Drury Lane. It was "Admit Colonel and Mrs.
+Clitherow." Jane asked her if that meant two places. "No, no; the whole
+box, to be sure. It holds eight. But, when I name one of you, I cannot
+help naming both."
+
+'King William IV. forgot little me when he sent his commands. On their
+going in he said: "Where is Miss Clitherow? I hope illness has not
+prevented her.' On an explanation, "Then next Monday meet us at dinner
+at Bushey, and bring your sister with you.' And we did meet them. The
+King came over with Wyattville to inspect Hampton Court Palace. The
+Queen followed, to dine with him at their dear Bushey. They returned to
+Windsor at ten, the Princess Augusta to town. Only Lady Falkland and
+Miss Wilson attended the Queen. The company were the inmates of Hampton
+Court, where we have never visited, and therefore to me the dinner was
+dull.'
+
+At this time there was a grave political crisis through the action of
+the House of Lords respecting the Reform Bill. The Cabinet advised the
+King to create a batch of peers to form a Whig majority, as had been
+done by Harley in 1711. This, however, the King refused to do, and Lord
+Grey consequently resigned. The letters which passed between Lord Grey
+and the King at this time are of considerable interest, and show that
+the King exercised a greater influence and tact as a ruler than has
+generally been ascribed to him. The Duke of Wellington was summoned,
+but could not meet with sufficient support to accept office. Earl Grey,
+therefore, returned to power, and the deadlock was removed by the King
+persuading the Duke of Wellington and some of the peers who supported
+him to absent themselves from the division on the Reform Bill, and thus
+allow it to pass.[*] Miss Clitherow touches but lightly on this
+subject, but it seemed desirable to put the facts before the reader.
+Her letter proceeds:
+
+[*] There are several letters on this subject towards the end of vol.
+ii. of 'The Correspondence of the Late Earl Grey with H.M. King William
+IV., and with Sir Hubert Taylor,' edited by his son, and published by
+John Murray in 1867. Anyone desiring to have a clear idea of the
+political anxieties which Miss Clitherow tells us harassed the King
+would do well to consult this interesting work.
+
+'The Thursday after we went to see Lady Falkland, who is on a visit to
+papa King. We found her, her widowed sister Lady Augusta Kennedy, and
+Miss Wilson very comfortably at work. They were the two Fitz-Clarences;
+we saw a good deal of them when they lived at Bushey.
+
+'A page soon came to conduct my brother to the King, another to desire
+we would take luncheon in the Queen's room. On entering the King called
+Jane by him, the Queen me; she rose up and shook hands with both. My
+brother went down to the general luncheon. Nothing could be more
+good-humoured and pleasant than they were. The King was cheerful but
+silent; 'twas the day after Lord Grey's resignation. The Queen
+certainly in particular good spirits; the King's firmness respecting
+the making no peers had delighted her. They went to his apartments, and
+we to Lady Falkland's, and were preparing to depart, when a message
+came. The Queen had not taken leave of us, and hoped we were in no
+hurry, but would stay and Walk with her. Of course we did. The party
+consisted of the Queen, Miss Eden (Maid of Honour), Miss Wilson, Lord
+Howe, Mr. Ashley, Mr. Hudson, Sir Andrew Barnard, and our three selves.
+She took us through the slopes to her Adelaide Cottage and her
+flower-garden to see Prince George of Cambridge at gymnastics, with
+half a dozen young nobility from Eton, who came once a week to play
+with him. We were walking nearly two hours. The Queen is very animated,
+and Mr. Ashley and Mr. Hudson full of fun and tricks, and amused us all
+much. In short, I have but one fear when with her--forgetting in Whose
+presence I am; her manner is so very kind, but there is dignity with it
+that keeps us in order.'
+
+Before Miss Clitherow wrote again to her old friend, the Queen's little
+niece, Whose illness has been already alluded to, had passed away. Her
+Majesty was tenderly attached to the young Princess, and had shown her
+every possible attention during her illness. She was greatly grieved at
+her death, and the sorrow and anxiety seem to have affected her health
+for some little time.
+
+'WINDSOR CASTLE, 'September 3, 1832.
+
+'Here I am writing with Royal pens, ink, and paper, which last I
+dislike of all things, it being glazed.
+
+'We have not seen our dear, amiable Queen since the Ascot week, and,
+poor thing! she has gone through a great deal, but her conduct through
+the whole was beautiful. Princess Augusta gave us the account of the
+closing scene, and with tears in her eyes described the feeling and
+resignation of the Queen, and the extreme kindness and attention of the
+King to all her little wishes at the time of the funeral, which, by all
+accounts, was the best managed and most affecting thing possible. She
+has very much recovered her spirits, which are naturally very cheerful,
+but she is still most miserably thin.
+
+'The King is particularly well.
+
+'The visitors here besides ourselves are the Duke and Duchess of
+Gloucester[*]--she is too unwell to appear--Prince George of Cambridge;
+the Duke of Dorset; Mademoiselle d'Esté; Sir Henry and Lady Wheatley,
+with two daughters; Lady Isabella Wemyss (Lady of the Bed-chamber), a
+most pleasing, lovely woman, sister to Lord Errol; Miss Johnson (Maid
+of Honour); Miss Wilson (Bed-chamber-woman); Mademoiselle Marienne,
+Lord and Lady Falkland, Sir Herbert and Lady Taylor, Sir Andrew
+Barnard, Sir Frederick Watson, Colonel Bowater, Mr. Hudson, Mr.
+Shifner, and Mr. Wood.[**] Princess Augusta and Lady Mary Taylour came
+every day from Frogmore, which, with the household medical man, Mr.
+Davis, makes a party of thirty, reckoned _here_ a small party.
+
+[*] H.R.H. was the King's cousin, and the Duchess was the King's fourth
+sister, Princess Mary.
+
+[**] Many of these are obviously members of the household rather than
+visitors.
+
+'The dinners are always princely, gold plate, quantities of wax-lights,
+and servants innumerable, yet very agreeable and with less of form than
+you could suppose possible.
+
+'Yesterday threatened much rain, but after luncheon it cleared, and we
+started, four carriages, four in each and a number on horseback, and
+went to the Fishing Temple by the Virginia Water to see a model of a
+vessel to be moved by clockwork. After seeing it exhibited we all took
+boat, and in parties rowed about that beautiful lake. We had the
+six-oared boat and various little boats. Prince George and Mr. Hudson
+rowed Her Majesty about, and the whole had so much ease and good-humour
+it was very delightful.
+
+'Our evenings are always the same, the band playing most beautifully,
+work-tables and cards for those who chuse.
+
+'The first evening the Queen called us both to her table; the second
+she sat with the Duchess of Gloucester till her bedtime, so that we had
+not much of her company. She is always about some elegant work, which
+she does remarkably well, and has a great deal of cheerful conversation.
+
+'This is our third day, and we leave on Monday. Our invitations say
+when we are to come and when to go, which is very agreeable. We have
+our time to ourselves in our own sitting-room from breakfast till
+luncheon at two.
+
+'So I have scribbled to you, though no post goes till to-morrow. A trio
+of kind regards.
+
+'Yours truly, 'M. CLITHEROW.'
+
+
+
+V
+
+THE ROYAL BIRTHDAY FÊTES
+
+THE following year found Colonel Clitherow's time greatly occupied with
+the treasurership of the Sons of the Clergy Corporation, and with a
+visitation of their estates in various parts of the country, which he
+found in such woeful condition that they would cost 'some thousands to
+repair and rebuild, or their ruin was certain.' This visitation, which
+took him and his party by slow stages as far as Yorkshire, probably
+accounts for our finding but one letter about the Court this year. It
+was written from Rise Park, the seat of their cousin, Mr. Bethell,
+M.P., on October 1, 1833. After an account of their journeys, and a
+description of Mr. Bethell's well-kept grounds, Miss Clitherow proceeds:
+
+'Now, from the Fens I will take you to the Forest. The cottage where
+George IV. lived so much has been pulled down, except a banquetting
+room, the conservatory, and a few small rooms for the gardener. Here
+the preparations were made for a morning fête on the Queen's birthday
+[August 13], and, as a surprise to her, the magnificent Burmese tents,
+which she had never seen, were put up. I never saw anything prettier
+than the whole scene, and the day was lovely. The tents the most
+brilliant scarlet, ornamented with gold and silver, silver poles, and a
+silvered velvet carpet, embroidered with gold and silver. The hangings,
+sofas, and seats were all of Eastern splendour, and at the end was a
+large glass. The company was very select, and the morning dresses
+becoming and elegant. Two bands of music (Guards) played alternately. A
+guard of honour and numbers of officers were present. Everybody seemed
+gay and in their best fashion. The King and Queen, with about forty
+guests, dined in the room, about as many more in a long, canvas room.
+The tables had fruit, flowers, ornaments, confectionery, a few pyramids
+of cold tongue, ham, chicken, and raised pies. Then you had handed to
+you soups, fish, turtle, venison, and every sort of meat. Toasts were
+given, cannon fired, and both bands united in the appropriate national
+airs. Altogether it was a sort of enchantment. At seven fifteen of the
+King's carriages and many private carriages took the party to the
+Castle to dress for an evening assembly, where about two hundred were
+asked. We were the envy of many in being allowed to go home, having had
+the cream of the day. Nothing could be a greater compliment than our
+being asked in the morning. We were the only untitled people. The King
+had filled the Castle, Round Tower, and Cumberland Lodge, and had not a
+bed to offer. So he invited us, saying: "Come at three. We dine at
+four. And then go away at seven, and be home by daylight, for we cannot
+give you beds."
+
+'To his own birthday [August 21] we had the general invitation for the
+evening, and the old trio went from Boston House at seven, and got back
+by two. The noble Castle, so lit up, was a magnificent sight. The Queen
+was quite the Queen, for it was very mixed society--too much so for
+Royal presence. The good-humoured King asks everybody, and it was a
+crowd! But she sat with the Royal Duchesses only, attended by her
+ladies, and she was dressed much finer than her usual style. She twice
+conversed with us, and when she left the room came up to us, shook each
+by the hand, and was so sorry we had to go home so far.
+
+'My brother and Mrs. Clitherow called at Windsor to take leave before
+we left home for so many weeks, and after luncheon with her and the
+King, she took them into her own room to see a bust of the little niece
+that she nursed with such motherly affection, Princess Louise, and then
+gave them two prints of herself and two of Prince George of Cambridge,
+the best likeness I have seen of her. She said, "One for Miss
+Clitherow, the other for you two, because you are as one." All she does
+in such a gracious, pretty manner.'
+
+In the winter the Clitherows spent three days at Brighton, dining each
+day at the Pavilion. The King was remarkably well, but the Queen
+unfortunately was confined to her room, and was only able to see Mrs.
+Clitherow on one evening. 'Then,' Miss Clitherow adds:
+
+'She could really enjoy her society, which in the drawing-room is
+impossible. Grandees must come in your way. Lady Falkland only was with
+her, which made a trio.
+
+'I hope you and your belongings are well, and, with our united, kind
+regards,
+
+'Believe me, 'Sincerely yours, 'MARY CLITHEROW.'
+
+
+
+VI
+
+DINNER TO THEIR MAJESTIES AT BOSTON HOUSE
+
+OUR next glimpse of their Majesties is not _from_, but _at_ Boston
+House. This unsought honour was rather deprecated, though thoroughly
+appreciated by their hosts, who, in spite of their intimacy with the
+King and Queen, never made any pretension to be more than simple
+gentlefolk. Colonel Clitherow was the first commoner whom William IV.
+so honoured, probably the only one, and instances of other monarchs
+doing the like must be few and far between. In this case, doubtless,
+both their Majesties regarded it as an act of simple friendship, and
+not in any way as one of condescension.
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'July 10, 1834.
+
+'On June 28, 1884, their Majesties honoured old Boston House with their
+company to dinner. They came by Gunnersby and through our farm at our
+suggestion; it is so much more gentlemanly an approach than through Old
+Brentford.
+
+'The people were collected in numbers and Dr. Morris's school, and they
+gave them a good cheer. We then let the boys through the garden into
+the orchard by the flower-garden, where my brother had given leave for
+the neighbours to be, and it seemed as if two hundred were collected.
+
+'We had our haymakers the opposite side of the garden, and kept the
+people, hay-carts, etc., for effect, and it was cheerful and pretty.
+The weather was perfect, and the old place never looked better.
+
+'They arrived at seven, and we sat down to dinner at half-past. During
+that half hour the Queen walked about the garden, even down to the
+bottom of the wood. The haymakers cheered her, and had a pail of beer,
+and when she came round to the house, instead of turning in she most
+good-humouredly walked on to the flower-garden, and stood five minutes
+chatting to the party, which gave the natives time to get her dress by
+heart. It was very simple--all white, little bonnet and feathers.
+
+'The King had a slight touch of hay asthma, the Princess Augusta a
+slight cold, and therefore they declined going out, which separated the
+party, and was a great disappointment to the people. We had police
+about to keep order, the bells rang merrily, and all went well. We
+received them in our new-furnished library.
+
+'When dinner was announced the King took Jane, my brother the Queen,
+and they sat on opposite sides, the Duchess of Northumberland[*] the
+other side of the King, Lord Prudhoe[**] the other side of the Queen,
+General Clitherow and General Sir Edward Kerrison top and bottom, and
+the rest as they chose--Princess Augusta, Lord and Lady Howe, Lady
+Brownlow,[***] Lady Clinton,[****] Lady Isabella Wemyss, Colonel
+Wemyss, Miss Clitherow, Miss Wynyard, Mrs. Bullock, and Mr. Holmes.
+That makes nineteen. The Duke of Cumberland[*****] was to have been the
+twentieth, but Mr. Holmes brought a very polite apology just as we were
+going in to dinner. The House of Lords detained him.
+
+[*] Wife of Hugh, third Duke, and daughter of the first Earl Powis. She
+was governess to H.R.H. the Princess Victoria, our late gracious Queen.
+
+[**] Algernon Percy, second surviving son of the second Duke of
+Northumberland, F.R.S., and Captain R.N.; born 1792. Created Baron
+Prudhoe 1816. On the death of his brother he succeeded to the dukedom,
+which, on his death in 1865, passed to his cousin, the second Earl of
+Beverley.
+
+[***] Emma Sophia, daughter of the second Earl of Mount Edgecumbe; born
+1791, married, 1828, the first Earl Brownlow. She was Lady of the
+Bedchamber to Queen Adelaide.
+
+[****] Widow of the seventeenth Baron Clinton, Lady of the Bedchamber
+to Queen Adelaide. In 1835 she married Sir Horace Beauchamp Seymour,
+K.C.H.
+
+[*****] He became King of Hanover on the death of William IV.
+
+'As to the dinner, it was so perfect that it was impossible to know a
+single thing on the table, and that, you know, must be termed a proper
+dinner for such a party. My brother gave a _carte blanche_ to Sir
+Edward Kerrison's Englishman cook, and, to give him his due, he gave us
+as elegant a dinner as ever I saw. Our waiting was particularly well
+done--so quiet, no in and out of the room. Everything was brought to
+the door, and there were sideboards all round the room, with everything
+laid out to prevent clatter of knives, forks, and plates. Etiquette
+allows the lady's own footman in livery, and we had ten out of livery,
+the King and Queen's pages, seven gentlemen borrowed of our friends,
+and our own butler. They all continued waiting till the ladies left the
+room.
+
+'We were well lit, wax on the table and lamps on the sideboards, and
+many a face I saw taking a peep in at the windows. The room was cool,
+for the Queen asked to have the top sashes down.
+
+'The King was not in his usual spirits. He said had it been the day
+before he must have sent his excuses. The Queen was all animation, and
+the rest of the party most chatty and agreeable. The King bowed to the
+Queen when the ladies were to move.
+
+'Our evening was short, as they went at half-past ten. The Princess
+played on the piano, and my brother and Mrs. Bullock sang one of
+Ariole's duets at the Queen's request. When they went the sweep was
+full of people to see them go, and their Majesties were cheered out of
+the grounds.
+
+'We had with us our little nephew Salkeld,[*] whom my brother puts to
+Dr. Morris's school. He came in to dessert, a day the child can never
+forget. The King asked him many questions, which he answered
+distinctly, with a profound bow, and then backed away. He looked so
+pretty, for the awe of Royalty brought all the colour to his cheeks. I
+felt rather proud of him, he did it so gracefully. The Queen told him
+she hoped he would make as good a man as his excellent uncle. After
+dinner the Princess Augusta called him to her in the drawing-room,
+saying, "I like that little fellow's countenance; he is quite a
+Clitherow." She talked to him of cricket, football, and hockey, telling
+him when she was a little girl she played at all these games with her
+brother, and played cricket particularly well.
+
+[*] He became a hero in the Indian Mutiny, losing his life in
+volunteering to blow up the Cashmere Gate at Delhi in 1857.
+
+'That we are proud of this day we cordially own, for my brother is the
+first commoner their Majesties have so honoured; but we feel we ought
+not to have done it. When Jane, with her honesty, told the Queen we
+were not in a situation to receive such an honour, her answer was:
+"Mrs. Clitherow, you are making me speeches. If it is wrong I take the
+blame, but I was determined to dine once again at Boston House with
+you.'
+
+'The absurd conjecture of people at the expence of the day to my
+brother induces me to tell you what it actually was, as we should be
+ashamed at the sum guessed at. I have made the closest calculation I
+possibly can, which includes fees to borrowed servants, ringers,
+police, carriage of things from and to London, and I have got to £44.
+Never was less wine drank at a dinner, and that I cannot estimate, but
+£6, I think, must cover that. We had two men cooks, for he brought his
+friend, and we got all they asked for. Really, I think we were let off
+very well at £50.
+
+'And now a word of our delights at the Abbey. The good Bishop of
+Landaff, Copleston, gave us six reserve tickets, and we bought three.
+Mrs. Bullock, Jane, and myself went twice, my brother three times, and
+we all four went to the first rehearsal. We did enjoy it most
+thoroughly!
+
+'I delight in the thought of you surrounded by your family party, and
+wish I could peep in. Remember us most kindly to them.
+
+'Ever yours affectionately, 'MARY CLITHEROW.'
+
+
+
+VII
+
+LUNCHEON AT WINDSOR--VISITS TO WINDSOR AND ST. JAMES'S
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'August 28 [1834],
+
+WE have been absent a week visiting different friends, and on our
+return this morning took a Royal luncheon at the Castle. Our dear Queen
+received us most kindly, and we sat with her for half an hour before
+luncheon. Her conversation was most interesting. I wish I could give it
+you word for word. It showed such a feeling, religious, good mind. It
+was about her loss in one whom she termed a faithful servant, indeed a
+friend--old Barton (only sixty-four, but he had a paralytic stroke two
+years since, which had aged him very much), her treasurer. He was their
+factotum at Bushey. The painful part of it, she said, was feeling that
+she in a manner had been the cause; for the good old man was so
+over-excited with joy at witnessing the enthusiastic reception she met
+with on her return, he went out to meet her. The fatigue and excitement
+were too much for him, and, after he got home, he had a stroke. He lost
+all power of speech, but retained his senses, and, by pointing to
+letters, made himself understood, and a dutiful and affectionate
+message to the King and Queen was written and sent. The dear Queen
+immediately wrote to him herself a letter, which was beautiful, so
+kind, so pious. He answered his hour was come, and he was resigned.
+Now, had you heard the manner in which she, in her pretty English,
+described all this, you never would have forgotten it.
+
+'I never saw her or the King look better. He had all his daughters with
+him but Lady Mary Fox, who is abroad, and a swarm of grandchildren
+running about the corridor, and Her Majesty playing with them, and
+making them all happy and at ease.'
+
+From the above we clearly see that Queen Adelaide had the power of
+feeling and inspiring sympathy with dependents as well as friends, with
+young as well as old. The following month the Clitherows again stayed
+at the Castle in quite homely fashion.
+
+'WINDSOR CASTLE, 'September 27, 1834.
+
+'There is no company but ourselves and the Duke of Dorset;
+consequently, we really enjoy the Queen. We set at her work-table in
+the evening with the King, Princess Augusta, and the Duke of Dorset,
+and really the cheerful, good-humoured conversation that goes on is
+most agreeable. The Ladies-in-Waiting have two work-tables. The
+gentlemen sit and chat with them, and there are generally four at
+whist, the Queen's beautiful band playing in the anteroom.
+
+'We came on Thursday. Friday we were on Virginia Water, with the
+Guards' band playing in a barge moored. The weather was actual summer,
+and we were rowed about for two hours--the King, Queen, and ten of us.
+
+'To-day the Queen, Lady Isabella Wemyss, Mrs. Clitherow, and myself in
+a barouche, my brother, with Miss Hope Jolynson, in a phaeton, drove
+out for two hours in Windsor Park and Forest. The evening was lovely,
+though we had heavy rain in the night and morning. The scenery is quite
+magnificent, and the dear Queen's conversation was so interesting,
+giving an account of her journey and adventures abroad. It was a drive
+to be envied.
+
+'We do not think the Queen looking well, though it is uncourtly to say
+so. She is most miserably thin, and has a sad, wearing cough. However,
+she assures us she is better. The oppression on her chest is removed by
+a German medicine, which she has great faith in. I dread Brighton for
+her, which never agrees.
+
+'The King is uncommonly well. He is out all the morning inspecting his
+farms, which they say he is getting into beautiful order, and to-day he
+returned to them after luncheon, instead of driving out with the party,
+as he generally does.
+
+'Lady Augusta Kennedy and her four children are here. Lady Sophia
+Sydney[*] and her three children live here. Sir Philip is backwards and
+forwards. He is going on slowly at Penshurst, feeling, I suspect, that
+it will be time eno' to live there should anything happen to prevent
+their all living on "papa." Lady Augusta has a house at Isleworth near
+us, which "papa" gave her, but lives a great deal here. Lady Falkland
+is sadly out of health, and in town for advice. Her fine boy is left
+here, and the King and Queen have all the children in the corridor
+after luncheon to run about. It is so pretty to hear them lisp, "Dear
+Queeny," "Dear King." She plays with them with such good-humour.
+
+[*] The King's eldest daughter; born 1800, married, 1825, Sir Philip
+Sidney, who was created Lord de Lisle and Dudley in 1835, his father
+having in 1824 claimed that barony, though without success.
+
+'Mademoiselle d'Esté is here. Lord Hill is coming to-day. We are to
+leave on Monday.'
+
+The next letter reminds us that, about this time, there were several
+political crises, more or less acute. The tide of enthusiasm, which had
+carried many measures of social importance, was beginning to abate, and
+the first signs of the reaction that was setting in showed themselves
+in differences among the Ministers. Mr. Stanley (afterwards Lord
+Derby), Sir J. Graham, and two others disagreed with Lord Grey as to
+the Act to compensate the Irish clergy, while Lord Althorp opposed Lord
+Grey on the question of coercion in Ireland. Lord Grey, who was an old
+man, retired in July, and Lord Melbourne succeeded to his place. These
+dissensions led the King to believe that there was a Conservative
+reaction, so he determined to dismiss the Ministry and send for the
+Duke of Wellington. In the end, on the Duke's advice, Sir Robert Peel
+became Premier, but only held office till April, 1835, when Lord
+Melbourne was recalled to power. Again rumour was busy with the Queen's
+name, and many suspected that the dismissal of the Whigs was due
+largely to her influence. The following letter deals plainly with this,
+and incidentally mentions the constitutional practice of the King
+respecting even the Court appointments:
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'November 23, 1834.
+
+'How do you feel on the sudden change in the political world? I
+rejoice, but cannot envy the party who have taken the reins in these
+ungovernable times.
+
+'It is very sad they will not let the dear Queen alone. I believe from
+my heart she has no more to do with it than you or I. Mrs. Clitherow
+sat half an hour with her at St. James's, and she, who, is truth
+itself, declared the first she knew of it was the King coming to her
+room and telling her the Duke of Wellington was to dine with them, for
+there was going to be a change of Ministers.
+
+'She has not named a single person for any appointment, and will not,
+she is determined. Jane expressed her hope that the Duke of Dorset
+would again be Master of the Horse. The Queen replied: "There never was
+a better; but, in the present state of the country, favouritism must be
+quite out of the question." They must select the most influential men
+in a political point of view. She regretted extremely that the King's
+children, instead of rallying round the throne, were the first to send
+in their resignations and to show such strong opposition to their
+father's wishes. And we do hear from every quarter their conduct is
+abominable, and the manner in which they speak of the Queen
+unpardonable. Lord Erroll[*] went on so bad in a public coffee-room
+that a gentleman cried out: "Shame! shame!" As far as we have ever
+seen, she has shown them nothing but kindness, and their return is
+ingratitude. Poor soul! her cough continues to wear her sadly, and she
+is hardly stout enough to contend with all her annoyances,
+notwithstanding the support of a clear conscience.
+
+[*] William George, the Seventeenth Earl, had married Lady Elizabeth
+Fitz-Clarence, the King's third daughter, and was Master of the Royal
+Buckhounds.
+
+'The Bishop of London and Mrs. and Miss Blomfield dine here to-morrow.
+I mean to get this franked.
+
+'I hope you are not annoyed with your winter cough, and that your
+family are all well. Accept a trio of best wishes, and believe me,
+
+'Yours sincerely, 'MARY CLITHEROW.'
+
+
+
+VIII
+
+DINNER AT KEW--FÊTES AT SYON HOUSE--QUEEN ADELAIDE'S FUND
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'July 13 [1835].
+
+'WE were invited on Saturday to dine at Kew with their Majesties. It
+was quite a social party, no company but ourselves and the Landgravine;
+the rest were the ladies in attendance, the household, and the King's
+family. We mustered thirty at dinner. They came down early in the day
+to thoroughly enjoy the country. They walked about till luncheon; then
+the Queen had her horse to ride, and little carriages, and they all
+went to Richmond Park, and returned to dress for seven o'clock dinner.
+They both seemed remarkably well. I had not been seen by the King for a
+long time, and when I went in he expressed himself most glad to see me
+quite well, and at dinner drank wine with me.
+
+'When we went in to dinner, the Queen said: "Mrs. Clitherow, you must
+sit by Lord Howe." The fact was she was expecting her sister to land
+Sunday morning, and would have been at the water-side to receive her,
+but she felt she ought to go to church with the King. Lord Howe told
+her certainly; she could drive and meet her sister after church. Still,
+her wish was to go to Deptford early, and she wanted somebody to second
+that wish. She bid Lord Howe ask Mrs. Clitherow--"She will _say
+honest_." The Queen is so quick, she discovered when they were
+conversing on the subject, though they were at the very bottom of the
+table, and addressed Mrs. Clitherow, "Are you for me, or against me?"
+"I must agree with Lord Howe," was her answer. Now, I suppose there are
+few women but my Jane who would not have advised according to the
+Queen's wishes, and I am certain it is her honesty, so unlike a
+courtier, that makes the Queen so partial to her. After dinner she
+called Mrs. Clitherow to sit by her, and they conversed together the
+whole evening. Her ideas and right way of thinking are quite delightful.
+
+'I had a very amusing evening, for the good-humoured Landgravine called
+me to her, and was full of fun and chat. She has a sweet countenance,
+but her figure is extraordinary. "My dear," she said, "Augusta charged
+me to tell you a charade--
+
+'"Three shakes and a grin, Shake your tail and you're in."
+
+She was in such a hurry to tell me I had not time to find it out; but
+you may take your time, I shan't tell you. She laughed so hearty. She
+seems to enjoy herself most exceedingly in her native land, and must be
+in excellent health to go about as she does. Yet her figure looks as if
+she was dropsical. She cannot stand long, and walks with difficulty; at
+the Drawing Room she sits.
+
+'The whole party left Kew for London at ten.
+
+'We have been wondrous gay at both the fêtes at Syon House. As to the
+first fête, I think it was the most perfect thing of the kind that
+possibly could be. We were invited to a breakfast at three o'clock to
+meet their Majesties, and we went according to orders; but the
+breakfast proved a good dinner at seven. The day was lovely, the
+company of the very first order, and the dresses most elegant morning
+costume.
+
+'The King did not come; he was overfatigued at the Waterloo dinner. The
+Queen came at five. She and the Duchess of Northumberland led the way
+to the famous conservatory, and all the party followed. I believe it is
+reckoned the finest in Europe. The flower-garden, filled with all the
+smart and the pretty, was really a sight of sights. There were chairs
+and benches innumerable on the lawn, the Blues band of music, and
+people amused themselves till dinner was announced. It was certainly
+the most elegant party I ever was in, for the whole 524 guests followed
+each other into the tent as quiet and orderly as into the dinner-room
+at Windsor. The dinner was sumptuous. Three turkeys were drest, and
+eight men cooks employed. A seat for everyone, a napkin, three china
+plates, three silver forks, knife, and spoon. The waiters had only to
+remove your plate. And such quantities of waiters! yet so quiet, no
+bustle or clatter. We all came out of the tent together, when the house
+was lit up, and you went in or staid out as you pleased. The great
+drawing-room for tea and coffee, tables each side. And so the time
+passed till it was dark enough for the fireworks, which were most
+magnificent.
+
+'The Queen was then ushered into the tent, which, like magic, had been
+prepared for dancing. A very good floor, as clean as if no soul had
+dined in the room. The tables were laid round the room on the floor to
+make a platform to raise the sitters to look at the dancing. There were
+two tiers of benches, so that really the room seemed hardly full. There
+was a noble space for the dancers 180 feet long. Weippert's beautiful
+band. I quite longed to dance. It was lit the whole length by large
+handsome glass lanthorns, and round the tent was a broad border of
+growing flowers and coloured lamps in festoons. Nothing could be
+prettier. They had waltzes, quadrilles, gallopade, and reels. The Queen
+went at eleven, and everybody was gone by one. Refreshments of all
+sorts were provided at each end of the tent.
+
+'The second fête rather failed, as the day it was to have been held was
+so wet it was obliged to be put off; and then Royalty had gone to
+Windsor, and thought it too far to come. Numbers also were engaged. We
+were only asked in the evening, but everything was in as good style as
+the first, only a different style of company. The fireworks equally
+good, and the dancing, but the night was cold.
+
+'The papers will have told you of my brother's success in Queen
+Adelaide's Fund. It is most particularly gratifying to him. Ever since
+the lunatic asylum was finished he has been wishing to establish this
+fund, and was brought about by the Queen signifying to him that she
+wished to subscribe to the lunatic asylum, about which he interested
+himself so much. He told her it was a county asylum, not supported by
+subscriptions, and then named this plan, which she eagerly acceded to,
+and gave £100 and her name as patroness. He has got near £700, and does
+not mean to be satisfied till he has £1,000, and as much more as he
+can. I must conclude, as the man has called. Lucky for you.
+
+'Your affectionate friend, 'M. C.'
+
+The fund mentioned at the close of this letter was founded to assist
+patients at the Hancock Asylum on their discharge, and is still in
+existence. As this was due to Colonel Clitherow's initiation, it may be
+well to mention here that another trace of his influence also remains
+in the system of employing patients in occupations with which they were
+previously acquainted, which was established during his chairmanship,
+with very successful results.
+
+
+
+IX
+
+DEATH OF THE KING
+
+AFTER a short illness, William IV. died at Windsor Castle on June 20,
+1837. On July 17 Miss Clitherow wrote as follows:
+
+'Thank you very much for writing to me. I always enjoy your letters,
+and delight to hear from you. I feel I did not deserve it, so much time
+has elapsed since I wrote to you. But I dislike writing when the
+spirits are below par, and how could they be otherwise with the
+afflicting event which has befallen the country? Great were our
+apprehensions for the dear Queen when she was so ill and could attend
+none of the State entertainments, but the King's death never entered
+our ideas. On June 3 my brother went by command to Windsor. He sat with
+the King while he ate his early dinner. He was cheerful and chatty, and
+had only sent for him for the pleasure of seeing and conversing freely
+with him, which he did for above an hour, and the last thing his
+Majesty said was, "Thank you for coming; it always does me good to see
+you, and very soon you and Mrs. Clitherow must come to Windsor for a
+few days and your sister.' How little he thought his days were
+numbered, and that he should never see him more! He then appeared so
+little ill my brother returned home quite in spirits, and on the
+twentieth he was dead--only seventeen days.
+
+'Since the Queen Dowager got to Bushey Lady Gore has written to us. The
+description of her resigned pious mind is beautiful, and Lady Gore[*]
+assures us she really hopes her health has not materially suffered from
+all she has gone through, particularly the last sad ceremony.
+
+[*] Wife of General Hon. Sir Charles Gore, G.C.B., K.H., third son of
+the second Earl of Arran, a Waterloo officer.
+
+'My brother was deputed to present the address of condolence from the
+magistrates to the Dowager Queen. He dreaded it, but he wrote to Lord
+Howe to know how and when, and was answered--Queen Adelaide receives no
+addresses; but those she received on the throne from the City, etc.,
+those she must receive. We are delighted at this, as it was too much to
+impose upon her. Addresses are pouring in from all quarters, and Lord
+Howe is to receive them.'
+
+As Queen Adelaide received no visitors, except such as she could not
+refuse, in her widowhood, the King's death closed her intimate
+intercourse with the Clitherows. It seems, however, just to the memory
+of both the King and Queen to insert the following testimony to her
+tender affection for her husband, and her delicacy of feeling
+respecting his previous relations with Mrs. Jordan.
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'September 23, 1837.
+
+'I dare say you look to me for some true account of our dear Queen
+Adelaide. We have not seen her, but have been much gratified by her
+recollection of us. She sent a most kind message by Mr. Wood, with the
+little book he wrote at her command of William IV.'s last days--a copy
+to my brother and one to me.
+
+'Very lately we began to doubt whether we ought not to go to Bushey as
+we used to visit her Majesty at Windsor, and Mrs. Clitherow wrote to
+consult Lady Denbigh. She acted most kindly to us, for she waited an
+opportunity of showing the note to the Queen. Her Majesty's answer was,
+it would be a 'real comfort to her to see Mrs. Clitherow, but it would
+open the door to so many; she could not without giving great offence.
+Lady Denbigh added Her Majesty had received no one yet, except those
+whom she was obliged to admit.
+
+'Mrs. Clitherow dined in company with Miss Hudson, one of the Dowager's
+Maids of Honour, whom we know very well. She gave a delightful account
+of the dear Queen, her mind so peaceful, always occupied, much
+interested with her sister and her children, constantly doing
+charitable acts, and for ever talking of the King, and hoping she had
+thoroughly done her duty. Miss Hudson was in waiting for five weeks,
+and the first three she was very uneasy about Her Majesty's health, and
+thought her sadly altered; but the last two her cough had almost
+entirely ceased, and she had slept remarkably well.
+
+'You have no doubt seen the book I allude to, for 'tis now to be had
+for sixpence. Could anything be so extraordinary as the conduct of the
+Bishop of Worcester? Her Majesty sent him a copy, and he sent it to the
+editor of a newspaper. When the Queen read it in a public paper she was
+very indignant, and the gentleman who was told by her to discover who
+"the high dignitary in the Church" was, told us Carr, Bishop of
+Worcester. The man who has been quite the _Court Bishop_ should have
+known better.
+
+'One act of the Queen Dowager I must tell you: the Queen sent a message
+by Colonel Wood and Sir Henry Wheatley requesting she would take
+anything she chose from the Castle; she selected two--a favourite cup
+of the King's, in which she had given him everything during his last
+illness, and the picture from his own room of all his family. It was a
+singular picture, all the Fitz-Clarences grouped, and in the room Mrs.
+Jordan hanging a picture on the wall, the King's bust on a pedestal,
+and all strikingly like. I think it shows a delicacy of feeling to her
+King which was beautiful. It was a picture better out of sight for his
+memory. Now, this you may believe, for Colonel Wood told us. He
+transacted the business, and Queen Adelaide has the picture.
+
+'Believe me, 'Yours very truly, 'MARY CLITHEROW.'
+
+Neither Queen Adelaide nor the three friends long survived the kindly
+monarch they loved so well. Colonel Clitherow died in 1841; his sister,
+who became totally blind, early in 1847; and his true and honest wife,
+the last of the Boston House trio, died in March of the same year.
+
+
+
+X
+
+AN APPRECIATION OF KING WILLIAM IV. AND HIS REIGN
+
+TO the letters already given, which cover the seven years of William
+IV.'s reign, it seems appropriate to add two public utterances on the
+occasion of his death. The cuttings containing them are pasted in a MS.
+book belonging to Miss Clitherow's correspondent, himself a writer of
+repute,[*] and are preceded by the following notes:
+
+[*] The Rev. Edward Nares, D.D., Rector of Biddenden, Kent, and Regius
+Professor of Modern History in the University of Oxford.
+
+'No King ever departed this life with less of blame attached to him as
+a King, or with more credit as a well-meaning, good-natured,
+high-minded man. No King ever more truly acted upon the noble
+principles of Louis XII. in forgiving, as King, all offences committed
+against him while Duke of Orleans. When the Duke of Wellington was the
+Minister of George IV., he saw fit, with a view to retrenchment in the
+public interest of unnecessary expenditure, to remove H.R.H. the Duke
+of Clarence from the office of Lord High Admiral. When H.R.H. succeeded
+to the Crown, not only was this not resented, but nothing could exceed
+the attentions the Duke of Wellington was in the way of receiving from
+His Majesty on all anniversaries of the Battle of Waterloo. He
+constantly honoured the Duke with his company at dinner, and lamented
+the necessity of being absent on June 18, 1837, only two days before he
+died.
+
+'This striking instance of a greatness of mind highly becoming a King
+of Great Britain was alluded to by the Duke of Wellington in the House
+of Peers on the first day of their meeting after the King's demise.
+There is extant in print what I believe to be a very authentic relation
+of the magnanimity with which His Majesty, as King, forgave a bold
+attack upon him as Duke of Clarence in his presence in the House of
+Lords by the present Chief Justice of England, Lord Denman. I allude to
+a memorable speech of the latter at the Queen's trial in 1820.
+
+'Praises and commendations of Kings and Queens are so liable to the
+suspicion of flattery that it cannot but be pleasant to a mind
+constitutionally loyal to be able to produce testimony to that effect
+of indisputable authority. In the course of a speech at the nomination
+of candidates for North Lancashire, Lord Stanley, not long since a
+member of a Whig Cabinet, said: "The country had just lost a Sovereign
+whose virtues and transcendent attributes had earned for him an
+immortal name. Those who knew least of His late Majesty did not
+hesitate to ascribe to him an ever anxious delight in being kind and
+affectionate to his people, attached to their wishes, and determined to
+administer to their comforts. He thought little of himself when
+promoting the happiness of those around him. Those who had ever an
+opportunity of coming into immediate contact with the late Sovereign
+could justly appreciate his excellent qualities. His attention to
+business, his candour of manner in listening to the arguments of his
+advisers, manifested a full knowledge of his constitutional duties. He
+(Lord Stanley) had witnessed how His late Majesty had declined
+asserting his prerogative when it in the slightest degree seemed to
+interfere with public officers in the discharge of their public duties.
+In the discharge of his duties as a Minister of the Crown it had
+happened on three occasions that His Majesty had felt a deep interest
+in the appointment of three individuals to office, and it did so happen
+that he could not meet the private wishes of the Sovereign in making
+those appointments, and he intimated to His Majesty the public grounds
+on which he would rather they were not made. His Majesty immediately
+with pleasure declined pressing his own views, which, he said, were
+secondary compared with the public business of the country."'
+
+This eulogium is confirmed by several passages in Miss Clitherow's
+letters. The next extract is prefaced in her correspondent's MS. as
+follows:
+
+'Of the King's last moments nobody had a better account to give than
+the Archbishop of Canterbury, who was with him, and who had it in his
+power to bear undeniable testimony to the affectionate and unwearying
+attentions of the Queen to the very last. Before His Majesty's funeral
+I had this confirmed to me by the Archbishop himself, who also told me
+that he had already seen the young Queen preside in three Councils with
+singular propriety, dignity, and decorum, adding much in praise of the
+good education she had received.'
+
+Extract from the speech of the Archbishop (Howley) of Canterbury at a
+meeting of the Metropolitan Churches' Fund:
+
+'I attended on our late Sovereign during the last few days of his life,
+and, truly, it was an edifying sight to witness the patience with which
+he endured sufferings the most oppressive, his thankfulness to the
+Almighty for any alleviations under his most painful disorder, his
+sense of every attention paid to him, the absence of all expressions of
+impatience, his anxiety to discharge every public duty to the utmost of
+his power, his attention to every paper that was brought to him, the
+serious state of his mind, and the devotion manifested in his religious
+duties preparatory to his departure for that happy world where we may
+humbly hope he has now been called. Three different times was I
+summoned to his presence the day before his dissolution. He received
+the sacrament first; on my second summons I read the Church Service to
+him, and the third time I appeared the oppression under which he
+laboured prevented him from joining outwardly, though he appeared
+sensible of the consolation I offered him. For three weeks prior to the
+dissolution the Queen had sat by his bedside, performing for him every
+office which a sick man could require, and depriving herself of all
+rest and refection. She underwent labours which I thought no ordinary
+woman could endure. No language can do justice to her meekness and to
+the calmness of mind which she sought to keep up before the King while
+sorrow was preying on her heart. Such constancy of affection, I think,
+was one of the most interesting spectacles that could be presented to a
+mind desirous of being satisfied with the sight of human excellence.'
+
+William IV.--a good husband, a good father, a good King, a good
+friend--was indeed a happy contrast to the selfish, if more gifted,
+brother who preceded him on the throne. He was an eminently
+constitutional monarch, popular and patriotic. His reign was short,
+and, though not free from riot and disturbance, was mainly
+characterized by peace, retrenchment, and reform. Its social
+legislation included the Reform Bill, the abolition of slavery, the
+Factory Acts, the New Poor Law, and the Tithe Commutation Act, while
+the modest grant of £20,000 per annum was the first recognition by the
+State of its duty respecting the education of the people. At the same
+time, the Empire was expanding, the colony of South Australia was
+established, and its capital bore the name of the King's devoted and
+sympathetic consort.
+
+Thus the first steps were taken in many important movements for the
+welfare of the people and the Empire, which, under his great and good
+successor, were supported and developed, and the way was made plain for
+the young Queen, to whom the nation looked with such well-founded hope,
+whose long and glorious reign has been so abundantly blest, and whose
+memory will ever be cherished with honour and respect.
+
+GOD SAVE THE KING!
+
+THE END
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Glimpses of King William IV. and Queen
+Adelaide, by Mary Clitherow
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Glimpses of King William IV. and Queen
+Adelaide, by Mary Clitherow
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Glimpses of King William IV. and Queen Adelaide
+       In Letters of the Late Miss Clitherow, of Boston House,
+       Middlesex. With a Brief Account of Boston House and the
+       Clitherow Family
+
+Author: Mary Clitherow
+
+Editor: G. Cecil White
+
+Release Date: January 26, 2011 [EBook #35086]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GLIMPSES OF KING WILLIAM IV. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David McClamrock
+
+
+
+
+GLIMPSES OF KING WILLIAM IV. AND QUEEN ADELAIDE
+
+IN LETTERS OF THE LATE MISS CLITHEROW, OF BOSTON HOUSE, MIDDLESEX. WITH
+A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF BOSTON HOUSE AND THE CLITHEROW FAMILY
+
+BY REV. G. CECIL WHITE, M.A., F.S.S., RECTOR OF NURSLING, HANTS
+
+LONDON. MDCCCCII R. BRIMLEY JOHNSON
+
+
+
+PREFACE
+
+THE following pages are mainly compiled from certain letters by Miss
+Mary Clitherow, which have come into the editor's possession. They
+afford glimpses of the Court at that time, with reference not so much
+to public functions as to their Majesties' more private relations with
+persons honoured with their friendship. The reader will meet with few,
+if any, references in them to leaders in political or philanthropic
+movements or in the realms of literature or fashion; but it is not to
+be inferred that these were regarded with disfavour or treated with
+coldness by their Majesties, whose kindly interest in the well-being of
+their people is notorious. There were in this short reign many
+commanding personalities whose names must live in our history, and ever
+be remembered With respect and gratitude. To name only a few: the Duke
+of Wellington, Lords Grey, Melbourne, Brougham, Palmerston and
+Shaftesbury, Sir Robert Peel, William Wilberforce, Sir Walter Scott,
+Robert Southey, Thomas Campbell, S. T. Coleridge, Henry Hallam, Bulwer
+Lytton and William Thackeray were among the leading spirits of the time.
+
+With such, however, these pages have no direct concern. They treat of
+personal friends whose interests lay neither in the Court nor in the
+Senate, and whose aims had no taint of self-seeking. The knowledge that
+William IV.'s intimate friends were high-minded, independent,
+kind-hearted English gentlefolk assures us that the King's well-known
+simplicity of taste was joined to a kindliness of heart, a sincerity of
+character, and a devotion to duty which enabled him to maintain his
+heritage of royal responsibility, and to hand it on to his successor
+with its honour restored, its resources enlarged, and its security
+confirmed.
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+I. A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF BOSTON HOUSE AND THE CLITHEROW FAMILY
+
+II. DEFEAT OF THE MINISTRY--DINNER AT ST. JAMES's, 1830
+
+III. A WEEK-END VISIT TO WINDSOR, 1831
+
+IV. CHOLERA AT BRENTFORD--FALSE RUMOURS ABOUT THE QUEEN--DISMISSAL OF
+EARL HOWE--DEATH OF THE PRINCESS LOUISE--AT WINDSOR AGAIN--AN AFTERNOON
+ON VIRGINIA WATER, 1832
+
+V. THE ROYAL BIRTHDAY FETES, 1833
+
+VI. DINNER TO THEIR MAJESTIES AT BOSTON HOUSE, 1834
+
+VII. LUNCHEON AT WINDSOR--VISITS TO WINDSOR AND ST. JAMES'S, 1835
+
+VIII. DINNER AT KEW--FETES AT SYON HOUSE--QUEEN ADELAIDE'S FUND
+
+IX. DEATH OF THE KING, 1837
+
+X. AN APPRECIATION OF WILLIAM IV. AND HIS REIGN
+
+
+
+GLIMPSES OF KING WILLIAM IV. AND QUEEN ADELAIDE
+
+
+
+I
+
+A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF BOSTON HOUSE AND THE CLITHEROW FAMILY
+
+IT seems almost incredible that in the twentieth century a station on
+the Metropolitan Railway should stand amidst quite rural surroundings.
+About Brentford,[*] however, there are still several fine properties
+which have hitherto escaped the grip of the speculative builder--e.g.,
+Osterley Park, the seat of the Earl of Jersey, and Syon Hill, the seat
+of the Duke of Northumberland--and the immediate neighbourhood of
+Boston Road is not yet covered with semi-detached villas, or sordid
+streets of jerry-built cottages. It is nearly a quarter of a mile's
+walk along the road leading from Hanwell to Brentford before one comes
+to the first house on the right. Though not a mansion of the first
+rank, it is of sufficient size and antiquity to arrest attention. This
+is Boston House. It stands a little back from the high road, and the
+handsome iron gates allow the passer-by a glimpse of its quaint gables
+and narrow stone porch. It was built in 1622, and is a brick house of
+three stories, with three gables in front, and a long range of offices,
+etc., stretching from it on the north side.
+
+[*] In a paper reprinted from _Home Counties Magazine_ for October,
+1901, occur the following remarks in 'Royalty in the Parish': 'Edmund
+the Atheling, also called Ironside, in 1016 was murdered at night in a
+house at Brentford by his brother-in-law, Edric Steone. Henry VI. in
+1445 held a chapter of the Garter at the Red Lion Inn, Brentford.
+Charles I. witnessed the Battle of Brentford between his troops and
+those of the Parliament in 1642 from the grounds of Boston House. But
+it is not generally known that King William IV. and Queen Adelaide
+dined at that house in 1834.'
+
+The hall, which is not large, is surrounded by shields bearing the arms
+of former owners of the manor. The first of these to the north of the
+entrance is that of Edward I., who granted the manor to St. Helen's
+Hospital in the City of London. Then follow those of Edward VI., who
+granted it to the Duke of Somerset; Elizabeth, who granted it to
+Robert, Earl of Leicester; Charles II. and William IV., who visited
+Boston on several occasions. In addition to these are seen in order
+those of other holders of the manor: Rollesby, who devised it to St.
+Helens; St. Helen's; Edward, Duke of Somerset; Robert, Earl of
+Leicester; Sir Thomas Gresham, who also owned Osterley; Sir W. Read; I.
+Goldsmith. These are on the south side. On the north are Clitherow and
+Hewett; Clitherow and Campbell; Clitherow and Barker; Clitherow and
+Paule; Clitherow and Gale; Clitherow and Jodrell; Clitherow and Powell;
+Clitherow and Kemeys; Clitherow and Pole; Clitherow and Snow.
+
+The drawing-room, which is on the first floor, has a very fine moulded
+ceiling with many beautiful medallions. These contain allegorical
+representations of Peace and War, the five senses, the four elements,
+the three Christian graces, etc. The mouldings and borders are picked
+out in red, and the Latin names of the subjects are in gilt letters.
+The walls of this room, as well as those of the dining-room and
+library, are hung with many portraits of the Clitherow family by
+leading artists of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Among
+these should be specially noted a pastile by Zoffany of Mr. and Mrs.
+and Miss Child, taken in the porch at Osterley. Mrs. Child (_nee_
+Jodrell) was the sister of Mrs. Clitherow, and afterwards married
+(1791) the third Lord Ducie. Miss Child married the tenth Earl of
+Westmoreland, and became the mother of the Countess of Jersey. Here are
+also to be seen examples of Rubens, Van Dyke, C. Lorraine, Sir P. Lely,
+Sir G. Kneller, Romney, Zuccharo, Van Somers, Zoffany, and many others.
+Behind the drawing-room is a State bedroom, the ceiling of which is
+also moulded and coloured.
+
+The grounds are extensive, and well planted with shrubs, roses, etc.
+There are several fine trees on the lawn. A yew-tree with long branches
+trailing near the house covers a circle of ground over seventy yards in
+circumference, and a cedar, which was sown in 1754, is an exceptionally
+fine specimen. To the east of the broad terrace lies the orchard, where
+in June, 1834, the neighbours stared at the Royal party and got Queen
+Adelaide's 'dress by heart,' while the haymakers cheered her Majesty
+and quaffed their allowance of beer. [See Chapter VI.]
+
+To the west of the lawn shady paths lead through a pretty wilderness to
+the river Brent, beyond whose winding course there lies undulating and
+well-timbered, park-like land, adjoining the grounds of Osterley--a
+homely bit of characteristic English scenery.
+
+This beautiful place, which is at present owned by the Rev. W. J.
+Stracey Clitherow, formerly Fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge, has
+been in possession of the family since it was purchased by James
+Clitherow in 1670. The family, though never ennobled, is an ancient
+one, with a very honourable record. In the fourteenth and fifteenth
+centuries they resided at Goldmerstone, in the parish of Ash, near
+Sandwich. The remains of several of the family lie in the parish church
+there, and the brasses of two remain, though one is sadly mutilated.
+This last is to the memory of Richard Clitherow, who was Sheriff of the
+county of Kent in 1403, and 'Admiral of the seas from the Thames
+eastward.' He married the daughter of Sir John Oldcastle, who, in right
+of his wife, assumed the title of Lord Cobham,[*] and died for the
+faith of Christ on Christmas Day, 1417, among the Lollard martyrs at
+the gate of St. Giles' Hospital. The family was represented at
+Agincourt in 1415; one sat for the county of Kent in Parliament in
+1407, and another was Lord Mayor of London in 1635.
+
+[*] From Sir John Oldcastle the Clitherows derive both their arms and
+crest.  In the reign of George IV. the head of the family was Colonel
+James Clitherow, born in 1766, who married Miss Jane Snow, of Langton,
+Dorset. A portrait of him hangs in the library, painted by Romney in
+the year 1785. He was a high-minded, accomplished, and conscientious
+English gentleman, who took an active interest in many good works, both
+of local and wider importance. He was actively interested in the
+establishment of the Hanwell Lunatic Asylum, in the Board Room of which
+his portrait by Pickersgill may still be seen. He was Chairman of the
+Visiting Justices of the institution from its opening in 1832 till
+April, 1839, and in 1835 he founded the charity (still in existence)
+known as Queen Adelaide's Fund.
+
+Colonel and Mrs. Clitherow's home at Boston House was shared by his
+sister Mary, who was two years his senior. About the year 1824 they
+became acquainted with the Duke of Clarence, afterwards King William
+IV., who then resided at Bushey, of which park he was Ranger; and they
+were admitted to an unusual degree of intimacy with their Royal
+neighbours, observing in their intercourse with them an honesty not
+usually found in courtiers, but quite in keeping with the family motto,
+'Loyal, yet true.' So close did this intimacy become that, after his
+accession, the King nicknamed Miss Clitherow 'Princess Augusta,' in
+allusion to her being the old maid of the family as the Princess was in
+his own, and when inquiring for her of Colonel or Mrs. Clitherow would
+say, 'How is _your_ Princess Augusta?' her of Colonel or Mrs. Clitherow
+would say, 'How is _your_ Princess Augusta?'
+
+Although, however, the Clitherows were frequent guests at Windsor and
+St. James's, they were not courtiers in the common acceptation of that
+term. They sought neither place nor preferment, and received no signal
+mark of Royal favour. Miss Clitherow never even attended a Drawing
+Room, and the Colonel and his wife only appear to have done so on one
+occasion, when the Queen remarked: 'I knew Miss Clitherow would not
+come; it is too public. She had almost left off going out till we made
+her come to St. James's.' Miss Clitherow was naturally of a quiet and
+retiring disposition, while her own account of her introduction to the
+Court, and of the independent spirit which pervaded the family, is
+interesting not only in itself but as illustrating the kindly sincerity
+of the King and Queen. Writing to an old friend in November, 1830, she
+says:
+
+'I can hardly believe that I feel as much at home in the Royal presence
+as in any other first society, but it is the fact. It is seven years
+that my brother and Mr. [sic] Clitherow have been noticed, but I am
+only just _come out_ now. For many years my health did not allow of my
+dining out, and I got so out of the habit that I avoided it, and quite
+escaped being asked to Bushey till the Duke became King. Before George
+IV. was buried they were invited; no party but the Royal brothers and
+sisters and the Fitz-Clarences. They did me the honour to talk of me,
+the King calling me my brother's Princess Augusta, in allusion to my
+being the old maid of the family, and then added: "I can't see why she
+does not some out; you must dine here Tuesday, and bring her." So the
+deed was done. Refuse I could not. I dined at Bushey, then twice at St.
+James's, then on the Queen's birthday at Bushey, and then went to
+Windsor Castle on Friday and stayed till after church on Sunday, and
+now to dinner at St. James's last Monday. So that actually [in less
+than five months] the little old maid of Boston House has dined seven
+times with King William IV., and honestly I have liked it. There is a
+kindness and ease in their manner towards us that must be gratifying
+. . . and when we come home what a feeling of comfort we have in not
+being obliged to live in that circle, with all the insincerity so often
+belonging to courtiers! I am very sure my dear Jane's honest manner and
+the sound judgment which she ventures to express to Her Majesty makes
+her such a favourite. Much as we are noticed, we do not court them, and
+never have asked the slightest favour. When they first went to Windsor
+our friends said: "You must drive over and put your names down." "No,"
+Mrs. Clitherow said, "we were asked to the Queen's birthday; I will not
+go before the King's, it will look like pushing to be asked." And we
+received our invitation to Windsor before we had called. When we came
+away, the King expressed a hope to see us at Brighton, as he knew we
+frequently went into Sussex. Our friends all were for sending us
+thither, but it did not suit us. Don't you like independence? As soon
+as they came to town we did put our names down. Miss Fitz-Clarence
+writes herself to Mrs. Clitherow to inform her of her intended marriage
+with Lord Falkland, and Mrs. Henry is employed to write and invite us
+to dinner to meet our own friends. So I think we rather go the right
+way to please them.'
+
+Surely few families have taken their motto more faithfully as a guide
+to their conduct!
+
+
+
+II
+
+DEFEAT OF THE MINISTRY--DINNER AT ST. JAMES'S
+
+THOUGH the reign of William IV. was free from any serious war, the
+political condition of the country was such as to cause the King much
+anxiety. The establishment of a popular Government in France under
+Louis Philippe gave a great impulse to the enthusiasm which had been
+growing in England for Parliamentary reform, which, through the growth
+of large manufacturing centres since 1790, had become a more urgent
+necessity every year. In 1795 Lord Grey brought forward a motion on the
+subject, which was opposed by Burke and Pitt, and thrown out by a large
+majority. The attention of the country was somewhat diverted from
+reform during the war with France, which was brought to a close after
+the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Its advocacy in Parliament was renewed
+in 1817 by Sir Francis Burdett, while William Cobbett's pamphlets, and
+large public meetings, often attended by riots, voiced the popular
+feeling, which Parliament endeavoured to stifle, thereby only adding to
+the discontent. Lord John Russell, in 1819, proposed resolutions in its
+favour, but failed to carry them. Lord Liverpool's ministry, which
+lasted till his death in 1827, was strenuously opposed to it, and
+Canning's death in the same year was a further check to political
+progress.
+
+The General Election, consequent on the accession of William IV., was
+favou[r]able to the supporters of reform, and the Duke of Wellington,
+who had been Prime Minister for more than two years, roused a great
+deal of feeling by declaring his unqualified disagreement with their
+views. Before, however, any resolution was brought forward, the
+Government was defeated on a motion connected with the Civil List, and
+the Duke immediately resigned. On the night of his defeat, the
+Clitherows were dining at St. James's, and the following extract from a
+letter dated November 20, 1830, tells us of the reception of the news
+at the Palace:
+
+'We were at St. James's the night of the Duke's defeat in the House.
+The King had a note, which he opened, and left the room, but soon
+returned. Colonel Fred Fitz-Clarence came in, and told the Queen[*] of
+it in German. Miss Wilson was sitting by me, and exclaimed, "Good God!"
+in a low tone. I looked at her; she put up her finger, and afterwards
+whispered what was said in German, but nothing transpired--not a
+comment. It's the great secret at Court to smile and be cheerful and
+attentive to the circle round you when the heart is sad, and it was
+exemplified that evening.'
+
+[*] Queen Adelaide was the eldest daughter of George Frederick, Duke of
+Saxe-Meiningen, born 1792. By her marriage in 1818 to William IV. she
+had two children, both of whom died in infancy.
+
+The news appears from this to have fallen like a thunderbolt upon the
+party, and the inference as to the Clitherows' views is that they were
+supporters of the Duke. The letter proceeds to touch of matters of less
+public importance, but illustrative of the King and Queen's interest in
+local affairs and English industries:
+
+'We had dined there, and it seems almost like vain boasting, but it was
+a party made for us. When the King told Mrs. Henry to write and invite
+us, he said: "I shall only ask Colonel Clitherow's friends that I have
+met at Boston House." And it was the Duke of Dorset,[*] Lord[**] and
+Lady Mayo, the Archbishop and Mrs. Howley, the rest of the company his
+own family, the Duke of Sussex,[***] and a few of the
+Household-in-waiting. There could not be a greater compliment. The Queen
+shows a decided partiality for Mrs. Clitherow. In the evening she sat down
+to a French table, and called to her to sit by her. The King came in and
+sat down on the other side of Mrs. Clitherow. She rose to retire, but he
+said: "Sit down, ma'am--sit down." Two boxes were placed before him,
+and he said to Miss Fitz-Clarence[****]: "Amelia, I want pen and ink."
+Away she went, and brought a beautiful gold inkstand, and he signed his
+name, I am sure, a hundred times, passed the papers to Mrs. Clitherow,
+and she to the Queen, who put them on the blotting-paper, then folded
+them neatly and put them in their little case to enable them to pack
+into the boxes again, conversation going on all the time. When the
+business was over, the King took my brother to a sofa, and chatted a
+long time, inquiring into the state of things in our neighbourhood,
+policemen, etc. The Queen's new band was playing beautifully all the
+evening, which she said she had ordered to have my brother's opinion.
+The late King's private band cost the King L18,000 a year. It was
+dismissed, and a small band is formed--I believe I may say all English,
+and many of the juvenile performers whom she patronizes. Her dress was
+particularly elegant, white, and all English manufacture. She made us
+observe her blend was as handsome as Lady Mayo's French blend. "I hope
+all the ladies will patronize the English blend of silk," she said. She
+is a very pretty figure, and her dress so moderate, sleeves and
+head-dress much less than the hideous fashion.'
+
+[*] Charles Sackville Germain, fifth Duke of Dorset, K.G., was a son of
+the first Viscount Sackville, and born 1767. He became Viscount
+Sackville 1785, and succeeded his cousin, the fourth Duke of Dorset, in
+1815.
+
+[**] John Bourke, fourth Earl of Mayo, born 1766, succeeded his father
+1794. Married Arabella, fourth daughter of W. M. Praed, Esq. His
+brothers were Bishop of Waterford and Dean of Ossory.
+
+[***] H.R.H. was the sixth son of H.M. George III., born 1773, and was
+unmarried.
+
+[****] The King's youngest daughter, by Mrs. Jordan; born 1807,
+married, 1830, the ninth Viscount Falkland.
+
+
+
+III
+
+A WEEK-END VISIT TO WINDSOR
+
+THE following long letter bears testimony to the King's conscientious
+discharge of duty, to his anxiety with regard to public affairs, to the
+Queen's devout religious spirit, and to her non-interference in
+politics:
+
+'April 13, 1831.
+
+'How very odd it was that I should find your letter on the table
+requesting to hear a little about Royalty on my return home from a
+three days' visit to Windsor Castle, the beauty, splendour, and comfort
+of which is not to be described! We were twenty-nine in the Castle, and
+dined from thirty-four to thirty-six each day, and Sunday forty. The
+King asked all the clergy who received him in the room before we went
+into the Royal pews. I am sorry to say that service wants _reform_. We
+were two hours and a half, the service very ill read, the quantity of
+chanting not well done, and, to close all, we could not hear the
+sermon. Mr. Digby, I think, was the preacher, and the text was
+recommending mercy, but beyond that I never caught a sentence. The
+Queen says when she is in church she likes to be serious, and to keep
+her mind on religious thoughts. She cannot hear, her mind will wander,
+so she reads a sermon, which she holds low out of sight. They generally
+have the Dean, and he is dreadfully mumbling.
+
+'On a Sunday they only have a carriage or two for those who cannot
+walk. She never has her riding party, and often goes to the evening
+service; but she dedicated the time to us to show us her walks,
+flower-garden, a cottage that is building for her, her beautiful dairy,
+with a little neat country body like our Betty at the farm, and her
+labourers' cottages, whence out came the children running to her. One
+had a kind word, another a pat on the head.
+
+'Then we saw the farmyard, pigs, cows, etc. Then she took us all over
+Frogmore Garden, which is extensive and very pretty, and then back by
+dairy and slopes. We were absolutely _three hours_, walking a good
+pace. We numbered about fourteen, but, with the usual thought, two
+carriages were at Frogmore to convey home the tired ones. Only two gave
+in. The day was very lovely, and her animation and spirits quite
+delightful. And this is our Queen--not an atom of pride or finery, yet
+dignified in the highest degree when necessary to be Majesty. God grant
+her peace and comfort may not be broke in upon!
+
+'The King is ten years older since he wore the crown. Princess
+Augusta[*] assured us the Queen and themselves never name politics.
+They say he is so harassed with business they try to draw his mind to
+trifles--to the farm, the improvements, anything but State affairs. She
+added: "The Queen is like my good mother--never interferes or even
+gives any opinion. We _may_ think, we _must_ think, we _do_ think, but
+we need not speak."
+
+[*] H.R.H. was second daughter of H.M. George III.; born 1768, died
+1840.
+
+'Their Majesties are not seen till three o'clock. They breakfast and
+lunch in their private apartments. Then she comes out and arranges the
+morning excursions--all sorts of carriages and saddle-horses. She is a
+beautiful horse-woman, and rides about three hours, a good, merry pace.
+She sets forth with Maids of Honour and Ladies attendant, and generally
+returns surrounded by the gentlemen only, for it is understood she
+dispenses with their attendance the moment they get fatigued, and so
+they sneak off one by one. There are plenty of grooms to attend.
+
+'Mrs. Clitherow got a quiet ride with my brother and the Duke of
+Dorset, whom the Queen always asks to meet us, as she always met him
+here in former times. Jane returned for the gentlemen to attend the
+Queen, and Jane and I went a long drive about the park with the
+Princess Augusta, who was most chatty and good-humoured.
+
+'On Sunday between church and luncheon we were summoned to the Queen's
+own apartment to present to her a picture of Bushey House. We have a
+young friend who has made a very pretty picture of old Boston House,
+and the happy thought of getting Bushey struck my brother. The Queen is
+so fond of Bushey! She looked some time at it, then turned to Jane and
+said, "I shall value it. You know how I love dear Bushey; but I value
+more the kind thought of having it painted for me." Jane told her when
+she became Queen her happiest days were past, and she often reminds her
+of it. She perpetually asks her questions, and says, "You are so
+honest; you tell me true." She draws extremely well. She took a
+likeness one evening of one of her beauties, Miss Bagot, and when she
+was showing her portfolio everyone exclaimed it was so very like.
+
+'Poor Mrs. Kennedy Erskine[*] was there. She lived in her own
+apartments. Mrs. Fox,[**] her sister, and Miss Wilson took it by turns
+to dine with her. She was only married four years, was doatingly fond
+of her husband, and is left with three children.[***] The King went
+every evening when he came from the dinner-room and sat half an hour
+with her. On his return to the drawing-room the Queen had taken her
+work and Jane Clitherow into the music-room, while I remained at her
+table with the Princess Augusta. The King came up. "Ah, my two
+Princesses Augusta, this is very comfortable; now to business.' She had
+the official boxes, pen and ink all ready. He unlocked a box and set to
+work signing, the Princess rubbing them on the blotting-book and
+returning them into their cases. He signed seventy. Three times he was
+obliged to stop and put his hand in hot water, he had the cramp so
+severe in his fingers. When he signed the last he exclaimed, "Thank
+God, 'tis done!" He looked at me and said: "My dear madame, when I
+began signing I had 48,000 signatures my poor brother should have
+signed. I did them all, but I made a determination never to lay my head
+on my pillow till I had signed everything I ought on the day, cost me
+what it might. It is cruel suffering, but, thank God! 'tis only cramp;
+my health never was better." The Queen was all attention, came and
+stood by him, but neither she nor the Princess said anything. When he
+is in pain he likes perfect quiet and to be left alone.
+
+[*] The King's fourth daughter, Augusta, born 1803, married, first,
+1827, Hon. John Kennedy Erskine--he died 1831; secondly, 1836, Lord
+Frederick Gordon.
+
+[**] The King's second daughter, Mary; born 1798, married, 1824,
+Colonel C. R. Fox, A.D.C. to the Queen.
+
+[***] As her four children are subsequently mentioned, it may be noted
+that a posthumous child was born two or three months after this letter
+was written.
+
+'On Monday morning all left the Castle, and the great square full of
+carriages being packed was most amusing. The Queen stood at the Window
+with us. There were three fours of the King's, and nineteen pair of
+post-horses, besides the out-riders, guard of honour, etc., etc.
+
+'My paper makes me end, or I could go on till to-morrow. Adieu, my good
+friend! If I have amused you for a few minutes I am well repaid.
+
+'My best remembrances to your trio.
+
+'Yours truly, 'M. C.'
+
+
+
+IV
+
+CHOLERA AT BRENTFORD--FALSE RUMOURS ABOUT THE QUEEN--DISMISSAL OF EARL
+HOWE--DEATH OF THE PRINCESS LOUISE--AT WINDSOR AGAIN--AN AFTERNOON ON
+VIRGINIA WATER
+
+IN 1832 the cholera made its appearance in many parts of the country,
+and claimed many victims. At Brentford the people disputed hotly about
+it, some alleging it was not Asiatic cholera, fearing that the
+prevalence of that epidemic would be detrimental to the little trade of
+the town. At the parish meetings feeling ran so high that the
+disputants almost came to blows, and Colonel Clitherow 'never had so
+much difficulty in keeping them in decent order.'
+
+In the autumn of the previous year Earl Howe[*] had been dismissed, at
+the request of Lord Grey, from the post of Chamberlain to the Queen. As
+this office had always been regarded as independent of the Ministry of
+the day, the incident attracted a good deal of attention at the time,
+and formed the subject of a question by Mr. Trevor in the House of
+Commons, to which the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord Althorp,
+returned a diplomatic reply. Yet, however unusual the action taken by
+the Government may have been, there can be little doubt that,
+considering the feeling of the country respecting reform, their
+decision was a wise one. Earl Howe had twice voted against the Reform
+Bill, and it might have been inferred that he had been influenced in
+this action by the Queen against the King's wish. His dismissal did
+not, apparently, prevent rumours to this effect becoming current, and
+the Queen and her friends were much annoyed at the imputations thus
+implied and expressed. That these somewhat natural inferences had no
+substantial foundation is made clear by a letter written from Boston
+House, April 11, 1832:
+
+[*] Richard William Penn Curzon-Howe, second Viscount Curzon; born
+1796, created Earl Howe 1821, his maternal grandfather, the celebrated
+Admiral, having previously borne that title.
+
+'We are often annoyed at the unaccountable falsehoods put about of our
+dear Queen. The world now says she and the King are on such bad terms
+that she is going to Germany. My brother called on Lady Mary Taylour[*]
+(she is Princess Augusta's Lady of the Bedchamber), who said she had
+that morning read a letter from the Queen to the Princess, in which she
+said she had been very unwell, her anxiety was so great about the
+Princess Louise; her mother was ill, and her sister not coming, but,
+she added, "My comfort and consolation is the extreme kindness of the
+King. Nothing can exceed it.' This is from one you may believe. When we
+were at the Pavilion, early in December, she was too ill to come out of
+her room, but sent for Mrs. Clitherow after dinner, and she had a
+_tete-a-tete_ with her for an hour. She spoke much of the insult to her
+of dismissing Lord Howe, but what hurt her most was her fear lest the
+King should be blamed, for she was sure he never would have done it
+could he have helped himself. I think now, if you hear the report, you
+may contradict it on sure grounds. I do believe her excellent and good.'
+
+[*] Eldest daughter of the first Marquis of Headfort, born 1782.
+
+Within a week or two after this, Colonel and Mrs. Clitherow again
+visited Windsor by the Royal commands, and Miss Clitherow, in her
+minute chronicle, shows that, while they cherished no pride of pomp or
+station, they fully appreciated the honour of the King's friendship:
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'May 13, 1832.
+
+'Thank God the cholera does seem subsiding! And in what mercy has that
+scourge visited England compared to other countries! Yet, such is the
+fatal blindness of the multitude, they see none of God's mercies, and
+only provoke Him more and more by increasing wickedness. The downfall
+of our Church seems the first object. But you know as much as I know,
+and a truce with the subject.
+
+'I will tell you of our Courtly doings, and how thankful we are that we
+just take the cream, free and independent, without rank or place--no
+troubles, turmoils, or jealousies. We receive the most flattering
+notice--and it can be from no other motive than liking us--a rare
+occurrence at Court, and of which we have a right to be proud.
+
+'Lately a command came to my brother and Mrs. Clitherow to come to
+Windsor Castle on the Monday and stay till the Wednesday. There were no
+other visitors. Nobody breakfasts with the Queen or takes luncheon
+unless sent for. You have your breakfast in your own sitting-room, or
+at the general breakfast, as you prefer. We always take the latter, but
+this visit Jane was with her at every meal, the King the only gentleman
+admitted at breakfast, and only his sons, or very few, at luncheon.
+Each evening the Queen called Jane to her sofa and work-table, where,
+also, no one approaches but by her invitation, and on the Tuesday
+morning the King took my brother all round the Castle with Wyattville,
+giving orders and directions. I fear greatly the _improving mania_ is
+coming upon His Majesty, which, in these times, will be very
+unfortunate.
+
+'The Queen took my brother and Jane a long drive in her barouche.
+
+'Now, in this kind of social visit you get at much of a person's mind
+and opinions. The Queen seemed to enjoy a freedom of speech with
+friends. Poor thing! how seldom can she feel that! She terms Jane her
+"friend who tells her true." I can safely say, in contradiction to the
+abominable reports circulated to her disadvantage, that she and the
+King are on the best terms possible. In all her conversation, her
+anxiety was on his account, lest he should get blamed. She has strong
+sense and good judgment. She said: "I must have my own opinion, but I
+do not talk to the King about it. It would only make him unhappy, and
+could do no good."
+
+'After the drive she took them into her room, and clasped a bracelet
+round Jane's arm, begging her to wear it for her sake, and, as the
+stone was an amethyst, the A would remind her of Adelaide, and then she
+kissed her cheek. To my brother she presented a silver medallion of the
+King, telling him her name was on the back, and he must keep it for her
+sake. She always has something obliging and kind to say. She sent a
+ticket for her box at Drury Lane. It was "Admit Colonel and Mrs.
+Clitherow." Jane asked her if that meant two places. "No, no; the whole
+box, to be sure. It holds eight. But, when I name one of you, I cannot
+help naming both."
+
+'King William IV. forgot little me when he sent his commands. On their
+going in he said: "Where is Miss Clitherow? I hope illness has not
+prevented her.' On an explanation, "Then next Monday meet us at dinner
+at Bushey, and bring your sister with you.' And we did meet them. The
+King came over with Wyattville to inspect Hampton Court Palace. The
+Queen followed, to dine with him at their dear Bushey. They returned to
+Windsor at ten, the Princess Augusta to town. Only Lady Falkland and
+Miss Wilson attended the Queen. The company were the inmates of Hampton
+Court, where we have never visited, and therefore to me the dinner was
+dull.'
+
+At this time there was a grave political crisis through the action of
+the House of Lords respecting the Reform Bill. The Cabinet advised the
+King to create a batch of peers to form a Whig majority, as had been
+done by Harley in 1711. This, however, the King refused to do, and Lord
+Grey consequently resigned. The letters which passed between Lord Grey
+and the King at this time are of considerable interest, and show that
+the King exercised a greater influence and tact as a ruler than has
+generally been ascribed to him. The Duke of Wellington was summoned,
+but could not meet with sufficient support to accept office. Earl Grey,
+therefore, returned to power, and the deadlock was removed by the King
+persuading the Duke of Wellington and some of the peers who supported
+him to absent themselves from the division on the Reform Bill, and thus
+allow it to pass.[*] Miss Clitherow touches but lightly on this
+subject, but it seemed desirable to put the facts before the reader.
+Her letter proceeds:
+
+[*] There are several letters on this subject towards the end of vol.
+ii. of 'The Correspondence of the Late Earl Grey with H.M. King William
+IV., and with Sir Hubert Taylor,' edited by his son, and published by
+John Murray in 1867. Anyone desiring to have a clear idea of the
+political anxieties which Miss Clitherow tells us harassed the King
+would do well to consult this interesting work.
+
+'The Thursday after we went to see Lady Falkland, who is on a visit to
+papa King. We found her, her widowed sister Lady Augusta Kennedy, and
+Miss Wilson very comfortably at work. They were the two Fitz-Clarences;
+we saw a good deal of them when they lived at Bushey.
+
+'A page soon came to conduct my brother to the King, another to desire
+we would take luncheon in the Queen's room. On entering the King called
+Jane by him, the Queen me; she rose up and shook hands with both. My
+brother went down to the general luncheon. Nothing could be more
+good-humoured and pleasant than they were. The King was cheerful but
+silent; 'twas the day after Lord Grey's resignation. The Queen
+certainly in particular good spirits; the King's firmness respecting
+the making no peers had delighted her. They went to his apartments, and
+we to Lady Falkland's, and were preparing to depart, when a message
+came. The Queen had not taken leave of us, and hoped we were in no
+hurry, but would stay and Walk with her. Of course we did. The party
+consisted of the Queen, Miss Eden (Maid of Honour), Miss Wilson, Lord
+Howe, Mr. Ashley, Mr. Hudson, Sir Andrew Barnard, and our three selves.
+She took us through the slopes to her Adelaide Cottage and her
+flower-garden to see Prince George of Cambridge at gymnastics, with
+half a dozen young nobility from Eton, who came once a week to play
+with him. We were walking nearly two hours. The Queen is very animated,
+and Mr. Ashley and Mr. Hudson full of fun and tricks, and amused us all
+much. In short, I have but one fear when with her--forgetting in Whose
+presence I am; her manner is so very kind, but there is dignity with it
+that keeps us in order.'
+
+Before Miss Clitherow wrote again to her old friend, the Queen's little
+niece, Whose illness has been already alluded to, had passed away. Her
+Majesty was tenderly attached to the young Princess, and had shown her
+every possible attention during her illness. She was greatly grieved at
+her death, and the sorrow and anxiety seem to have affected her health
+for some little time.
+
+'WINDSOR CASTLE, 'September 3, 1832.
+
+'Here I am writing with Royal pens, ink, and paper, which last I
+dislike of all things, it being glazed.
+
+'We have not seen our dear, amiable Queen since the Ascot week, and,
+poor thing! she has gone through a great deal, but her conduct through
+the whole was beautiful. Princess Augusta gave us the account of the
+closing scene, and with tears in her eyes described the feeling and
+resignation of the Queen, and the extreme kindness and attention of the
+King to all her little wishes at the time of the funeral, which, by all
+accounts, was the best managed and most affecting thing possible. She
+has very much recovered her spirits, which are naturally very cheerful,
+but she is still most miserably thin.
+
+'The King is particularly well.
+
+'The visitors here besides ourselves are the Duke and Duchess of
+Gloucester[*]--she is too unwell to appear--Prince George of Cambridge;
+the Duke of Dorset; Mademoiselle d'Este; Sir Henry and Lady Wheatley,
+with two daughters; Lady Isabella Wemyss (Lady of the Bed-chamber), a
+most pleasing, lovely woman, sister to Lord Errol; Miss Johnson (Maid
+of Honour); Miss Wilson (Bed-chamber-woman); Mademoiselle Marienne,
+Lord and Lady Falkland, Sir Herbert and Lady Taylor, Sir Andrew
+Barnard, Sir Frederick Watson, Colonel Bowater, Mr. Hudson, Mr.
+Shifner, and Mr. Wood.[**] Princess Augusta and Lady Mary Taylour came
+every day from Frogmore, which, with the household medical man, Mr.
+Davis, makes a party of thirty, reckoned _here_ a small party.
+
+[*] H.R.H. was the King's cousin, and the Duchess was the King's fourth
+sister, Princess Mary.
+
+[**] Many of these are obviously members of the household rather than
+visitors.
+
+'The dinners are always princely, gold plate, quantities of wax-lights,
+and servants innumerable, yet very agreeable and with less of form than
+you could suppose possible.
+
+'Yesterday threatened much rain, but after luncheon it cleared, and we
+started, four carriages, four in each and a number on horseback, and
+went to the Fishing Temple by the Virginia Water to see a model of a
+vessel to be moved by clockwork. After seeing it exhibited we all took
+boat, and in parties rowed about that beautiful lake. We had the
+six-oared boat and various little boats. Prince George and Mr. Hudson
+rowed Her Majesty about, and the whole had so much ease and good-humour
+it was very delightful.
+
+'Our evenings are always the same, the band playing most beautifully,
+work-tables and cards for those who chuse.
+
+'The first evening the Queen called us both to her table; the second
+she sat with the Duchess of Gloucester till her bedtime, so that we had
+not much of her company. She is always about some elegant work, which
+she does remarkably well, and has a great deal of cheerful conversation.
+
+'This is our third day, and we leave on Monday. Our invitations say
+when we are to come and when to go, which is very agreeable. We have
+our time to ourselves in our own sitting-room from breakfast till
+luncheon at two.
+
+'So I have scribbled to you, though no post goes till to-morrow. A trio
+of kind regards.
+
+'Yours truly, 'M. CLITHEROW.'
+
+
+
+V
+
+THE ROYAL BIRTHDAY FETES
+
+THE following year found Colonel Clitherow's time greatly occupied with
+the treasurership of the Sons of the Clergy Corporation, and with a
+visitation of their estates in various parts of the country, which he
+found in such woeful condition that they would cost 'some thousands to
+repair and rebuild, or their ruin was certain.' This visitation, which
+took him and his party by slow stages as far as Yorkshire, probably
+accounts for our finding but one letter about the Court this year. It
+was written from Rise Park, the seat of their cousin, Mr. Bethell,
+M.P., on October 1, 1833. After an account of their journeys, and a
+description of Mr. Bethell's well-kept grounds, Miss Clitherow proceeds:
+
+'Now, from the Fens I will take you to the Forest. The cottage where
+George IV. lived so much has been pulled down, except a banquetting
+room, the conservatory, and a few small rooms for the gardener. Here
+the preparations were made for a morning fete on the Queen's birthday
+[August 13], and, as a surprise to her, the magnificent Burmese tents,
+which she had never seen, were put up. I never saw anything prettier
+than the whole scene, and the day was lovely. The tents the most
+brilliant scarlet, ornamented with gold and silver, silver poles, and a
+silvered velvet carpet, embroidered with gold and silver. The hangings,
+sofas, and seats were all of Eastern splendour, and at the end was a
+large glass. The company was very select, and the morning dresses
+becoming and elegant. Two bands of music (Guards) played alternately. A
+guard of honour and numbers of officers were present. Everybody seemed
+gay and in their best fashion. The King and Queen, with about forty
+guests, dined in the room, about as many more in a long, canvas room.
+The tables had fruit, flowers, ornaments, confectionery, a few pyramids
+of cold tongue, ham, chicken, and raised pies. Then you had handed to
+you soups, fish, turtle, venison, and every sort of meat. Toasts were
+given, cannon fired, and both bands united in the appropriate national
+airs. Altogether it was a sort of enchantment. At seven fifteen of the
+King's carriages and many private carriages took the party to the
+Castle to dress for an evening assembly, where about two hundred were
+asked. We were the envy of many in being allowed to go home, having had
+the cream of the day. Nothing could be a greater compliment than our
+being asked in the morning. We were the only untitled people. The King
+had filled the Castle, Round Tower, and Cumberland Lodge, and had not a
+bed to offer. So he invited us, saying: "Come at three. We dine at
+four. And then go away at seven, and be home by daylight, for we cannot
+give you beds."
+
+'To his own birthday [August 21] we had the general invitation for the
+evening, and the old trio went from Boston House at seven, and got back
+by two. The noble Castle, so lit up, was a magnificent sight. The Queen
+was quite the Queen, for it was very mixed society--too much so for
+Royal presence. The good-humoured King asks everybody, and it was a
+crowd! But she sat with the Royal Duchesses only, attended by her
+ladies, and she was dressed much finer than her usual style. She twice
+conversed with us, and when she left the room came up to us, shook each
+by the hand, and was so sorry we had to go home so far.
+
+'My brother and Mrs. Clitherow called at Windsor to take leave before
+we left home for so many weeks, and after luncheon with her and the
+King, she took them into her own room to see a bust of the little niece
+that she nursed with such motherly affection, Princess Louise, and then
+gave them two prints of herself and two of Prince George of Cambridge,
+the best likeness I have seen of her. She said, "One for Miss
+Clitherow, the other for you two, because you are as one." All she does
+in such a gracious, pretty manner.'
+
+In the winter the Clitherows spent three days at Brighton, dining each
+day at the Pavilion. The King was remarkably well, but the Queen
+unfortunately was confined to her room, and was only able to see Mrs.
+Clitherow on one evening. 'Then,' Miss Clitherow adds:
+
+'She could really enjoy her society, which in the drawing-room is
+impossible. Grandees must come in your way. Lady Falkland only was with
+her, which made a trio.
+
+'I hope you and your belongings are well, and, with our united, kind
+regards,
+
+'Believe me, 'Sincerely yours, 'MARY CLITHEROW.'
+
+
+
+VI
+
+DINNER TO THEIR MAJESTIES AT BOSTON HOUSE
+
+OUR next glimpse of their Majesties is not _from_, but _at_ Boston
+House. This unsought honour was rather deprecated, though thoroughly
+appreciated by their hosts, who, in spite of their intimacy with the
+King and Queen, never made any pretension to be more than simple
+gentlefolk. Colonel Clitherow was the first commoner whom William IV.
+so honoured, probably the only one, and instances of other monarchs
+doing the like must be few and far between. In this case, doubtless,
+both their Majesties regarded it as an act of simple friendship, and
+not in any way as one of condescension.
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'July 10, 1834.
+
+'On June 28, 1884, their Majesties honoured old Boston House with their
+company to dinner. They came by Gunnersby and through our farm at our
+suggestion; it is so much more gentlemanly an approach than through Old
+Brentford.
+
+'The people were collected in numbers and Dr. Morris's school, and they
+gave them a good cheer. We then let the boys through the garden into
+the orchard by the flower-garden, where my brother had given leave for
+the neighbours to be, and it seemed as if two hundred were collected.
+
+'We had our haymakers the opposite side of the garden, and kept the
+people, hay-carts, etc., for effect, and it was cheerful and pretty.
+The weather was perfect, and the old place never looked better.
+
+'They arrived at seven, and we sat down to dinner at half-past. During
+that half hour the Queen walked about the garden, even down to the
+bottom of the wood. The haymakers cheered her, and had a pail of beer,
+and when she came round to the house, instead of turning in she most
+good-humouredly walked on to the flower-garden, and stood five minutes
+chatting to the party, which gave the natives time to get her dress by
+heart. It was very simple--all white, little bonnet and feathers.
+
+'The King had a slight touch of hay asthma, the Princess Augusta a
+slight cold, and therefore they declined going out, which separated the
+party, and was a great disappointment to the people. We had police
+about to keep order, the bells rang merrily, and all went well. We
+received them in our new-furnished library.
+
+'When dinner was announced the King took Jane, my brother the Queen,
+and they sat on opposite sides, the Duchess of Northumberland[*] the
+other side of the King, Lord Prudhoe[**] the other side of the Queen,
+General Clitherow and General Sir Edward Kerrison top and bottom, and
+the rest as they chose--Princess Augusta, Lord and Lady Howe, Lady
+Brownlow,[***] Lady Clinton,[****] Lady Isabella Wemyss, Colonel
+Wemyss, Miss Clitherow, Miss Wynyard, Mrs. Bullock, and Mr. Holmes.
+That makes nineteen. The Duke of Cumberland[*****] was to have been the
+twentieth, but Mr. Holmes brought a very polite apology just as we were
+going in to dinner. The House of Lords detained him.
+
+[*] Wife of Hugh, third Duke, and daughter of the first Earl Powis. She
+was governess to H.R.H. the Princess Victoria, our late gracious Queen.
+
+[**] Algernon Percy, second surviving son of the second Duke of
+Northumberland, F.R.S., and Captain R.N.; born 1792. Created Baron
+Prudhoe 1816. On the death of his brother he succeeded to the dukedom,
+which, on his death in 1865, passed to his cousin, the second Earl of
+Beverley.
+
+[***] Emma Sophia, daughter of the second Earl of Mount Edgecumbe; born
+1791, married, 1828, the first Earl Brownlow. She was Lady of the
+Bedchamber to Queen Adelaide.
+
+[****] Widow of the seventeenth Baron Clinton, Lady of the Bedchamber
+to Queen Adelaide. In 1835 she married Sir Horace Beauchamp Seymour,
+K.C.H.
+
+[*****] He became King of Hanover on the death of William IV.
+
+'As to the dinner, it was so perfect that it was impossible to know a
+single thing on the table, and that, you know, must be termed a proper
+dinner for such a party. My brother gave a _carte blanche_ to Sir
+Edward Kerrison's Englishman cook, and, to give him his due, he gave us
+as elegant a dinner as ever I saw. Our waiting was particularly well
+done--so quiet, no in and out of the room. Everything was brought to
+the door, and there were sideboards all round the room, with everything
+laid out to prevent clatter of knives, forks, and plates. Etiquette
+allows the lady's own footman in livery, and we had ten out of livery,
+the King and Queen's pages, seven gentlemen borrowed of our friends,
+and our own butler. They all continued waiting till the ladies left the
+room.
+
+'We were well lit, wax on the table and lamps on the sideboards, and
+many a face I saw taking a peep in at the windows. The room was cool,
+for the Queen asked to have the top sashes down.
+
+'The King was not in his usual spirits. He said had it been the day
+before he must have sent his excuses. The Queen was all animation, and
+the rest of the party most chatty and agreeable. The King bowed to the
+Queen when the ladies were to move.
+
+'Our evening was short, as they went at half-past ten. The Princess
+played on the piano, and my brother and Mrs. Bullock sang one of
+Ariole's duets at the Queen's request. When they went the sweep was
+full of people to see them go, and their Majesties were cheered out of
+the grounds.
+
+'We had with us our little nephew Salkeld,[*] whom my brother puts to
+Dr. Morris's school. He came in to dessert, a day the child can never
+forget. The King asked him many questions, which he answered
+distinctly, with a profound bow, and then backed away. He looked so
+pretty, for the awe of Royalty brought all the colour to his cheeks. I
+felt rather proud of him, he did it so gracefully. The Queen told him
+she hoped he would make as good a man as his excellent uncle. After
+dinner the Princess Augusta called him to her in the drawing-room,
+saying, "I like that little fellow's countenance; he is quite a
+Clitherow." She talked to him of cricket, football, and hockey, telling
+him when she was a little girl she played at all these games with her
+brother, and played cricket particularly well.
+
+[*] He became a hero in the Indian Mutiny, losing his life in
+volunteering to blow up the Cashmere Gate at Delhi in 1857.
+
+'That we are proud of this day we cordially own, for my brother is the
+first commoner their Majesties have so honoured; but we feel we ought
+not to have done it. When Jane, with her honesty, told the Queen we
+were not in a situation to receive such an honour, her answer was:
+"Mrs. Clitherow, you are making me speeches. If it is wrong I take the
+blame, but I was determined to dine once again at Boston House with
+you.'
+
+'The absurd conjecture of people at the expence of the day to my
+brother induces me to tell you what it actually was, as we should be
+ashamed at the sum guessed at. I have made the closest calculation I
+possibly can, which includes fees to borrowed servants, ringers,
+police, carriage of things from and to London, and I have got to L44.
+Never was less wine drank at a dinner, and that I cannot estimate, but
+L6, I think, must cover that. We had two men cooks, for he brought his
+friend, and we got all they asked for. Really, I think we were let off
+very well at L50.
+
+'And now a word of our delights at the Abbey. The good Bishop of
+Landaff, Copleston, gave us six reserve tickets, and we bought three.
+Mrs. Bullock, Jane, and myself went twice, my brother three times, and
+we all four went to the first rehearsal. We did enjoy it most
+thoroughly!
+
+'I delight in the thought of you surrounded by your family party, and
+wish I could peep in. Remember us most kindly to them.
+
+'Ever yours affectionately, 'MARY CLITHEROW.'
+
+
+
+VII
+
+LUNCHEON AT WINDSOR--VISITS TO WINDSOR AND ST. JAMES'S
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'August 28 [1834],
+
+WE have been absent a week visiting different friends, and on our
+return this morning took a Royal luncheon at the Castle. Our dear Queen
+received us most kindly, and we sat with her for half an hour before
+luncheon. Her conversation was most interesting. I wish I could give it
+you word for word. It showed such a feeling, religious, good mind. It
+was about her loss in one whom she termed a faithful servant, indeed a
+friend--old Barton (only sixty-four, but he had a paralytic stroke two
+years since, which had aged him very much), her treasurer. He was their
+factotum at Bushey. The painful part of it, she said, was feeling that
+she in a manner had been the cause; for the good old man was so
+over-excited with joy at witnessing the enthusiastic reception she met
+with on her return, he went out to meet her. The fatigue and excitement
+were too much for him, and, after he got home, he had a stroke. He lost
+all power of speech, but retained his senses, and, by pointing to
+letters, made himself understood, and a dutiful and affectionate
+message to the King and Queen was written and sent. The dear Queen
+immediately wrote to him herself a letter, which was beautiful, so
+kind, so pious. He answered his hour was come, and he was resigned.
+Now, had you heard the manner in which she, in her pretty English,
+described all this, you never would have forgotten it.
+
+'I never saw her or the King look better. He had all his daughters with
+him but Lady Mary Fox, who is abroad, and a swarm of grandchildren
+running about the corridor, and Her Majesty playing with them, and
+making them all happy and at ease.'
+
+From the above we clearly see that Queen Adelaide had the power of
+feeling and inspiring sympathy with dependents as well as friends, with
+young as well as old. The following month the Clitherows again stayed
+at the Castle in quite homely fashion.
+
+'WINDSOR CASTLE, 'September 27, 1834.
+
+'There is no company but ourselves and the Duke of Dorset;
+consequently, we really enjoy the Queen. We set at her work-table in
+the evening with the King, Princess Augusta, and the Duke of Dorset,
+and really the cheerful, good-humoured conversation that goes on is
+most agreeable. The Ladies-in-Waiting have two work-tables. The
+gentlemen sit and chat with them, and there are generally four at
+whist, the Queen's beautiful band playing in the anteroom.
+
+'We came on Thursday. Friday we were on Virginia Water, with the
+Guards' band playing in a barge moored. The weather was actual summer,
+and we were rowed about for two hours--the King, Queen, and ten of us.
+
+'To-day the Queen, Lady Isabella Wemyss, Mrs. Clitherow, and myself in
+a barouche, my brother, with Miss Hope Jolynson, in a phaeton, drove
+out for two hours in Windsor Park and Forest. The evening was lovely,
+though we had heavy rain in the night and morning. The scenery is quite
+magnificent, and the dear Queen's conversation was so interesting,
+giving an account of her journey and adventures abroad. It was a drive
+to be envied.
+
+'We do not think the Queen looking well, though it is uncourtly to say
+so. She is most miserably thin, and has a sad, wearing cough. However,
+she assures us she is better. The oppression on her chest is removed by
+a German medicine, which she has great faith in. I dread Brighton for
+her, which never agrees.
+
+'The King is uncommonly well. He is out all the morning inspecting his
+farms, which they say he is getting into beautiful order, and to-day he
+returned to them after luncheon, instead of driving out with the party,
+as he generally does.
+
+'Lady Augusta Kennedy and her four children are here. Lady Sophia
+Sydney[*] and her three children live here. Sir Philip is backwards and
+forwards. He is going on slowly at Penshurst, feeling, I suspect, that
+it will be time eno' to live there should anything happen to prevent
+their all living on "papa." Lady Augusta has a house at Isleworth near
+us, which "papa" gave her, but lives a great deal here. Lady Falkland
+is sadly out of health, and in town for advice. Her fine boy is left
+here, and the King and Queen have all the children in the corridor
+after luncheon to run about. It is so pretty to hear them lisp, "Dear
+Queeny," "Dear King." She plays with them with such good-humour.
+
+[*] The King's eldest daughter; born 1800, married, 1825, Sir Philip
+Sidney, who was created Lord de Lisle and Dudley in 1835, his father
+having in 1824 claimed that barony, though without success.
+
+'Mademoiselle d'Este is here. Lord Hill is coming to-day. We are to
+leave on Monday.'
+
+The next letter reminds us that, about this time, there were several
+political crises, more or less acute. The tide of enthusiasm, which had
+carried many measures of social importance, was beginning to abate, and
+the first signs of the reaction that was setting in showed themselves
+in differences among the Ministers. Mr. Stanley (afterwards Lord
+Derby), Sir J. Graham, and two others disagreed with Lord Grey as to
+the Act to compensate the Irish clergy, while Lord Althorp opposed Lord
+Grey on the question of coercion in Ireland. Lord Grey, who was an old
+man, retired in July, and Lord Melbourne succeeded to his place. These
+dissensions led the King to believe that there was a Conservative
+reaction, so he determined to dismiss the Ministry and send for the
+Duke of Wellington. In the end, on the Duke's advice, Sir Robert Peel
+became Premier, but only held office till April, 1835, when Lord
+Melbourne was recalled to power. Again rumour was busy with the Queen's
+name, and many suspected that the dismissal of the Whigs was due
+largely to her influence. The following letter deals plainly with this,
+and incidentally mentions the constitutional practice of the King
+respecting even the Court appointments:
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'November 23, 1834.
+
+'How do you feel on the sudden change in the political world? I
+rejoice, but cannot envy the party who have taken the reins in these
+ungovernable times.
+
+'It is very sad they will not let the dear Queen alone. I believe from
+my heart she has no more to do with it than you or I. Mrs. Clitherow
+sat half an hour with her at St. James's, and she, who, is truth
+itself, declared the first she knew of it was the King coming to her
+room and telling her the Duke of Wellington was to dine with them, for
+there was going to be a change of Ministers.
+
+'She has not named a single person for any appointment, and will not,
+she is determined. Jane expressed her hope that the Duke of Dorset
+would again be Master of the Horse. The Queen replied: "There never was
+a better; but, in the present state of the country, favouritism must be
+quite out of the question." They must select the most influential men
+in a political point of view. She regretted extremely that the King's
+children, instead of rallying round the throne, were the first to send
+in their resignations and to show such strong opposition to their
+father's wishes. And we do hear from every quarter their conduct is
+abominable, and the manner in which they speak of the Queen
+unpardonable. Lord Erroll[*] went on so bad in a public coffee-room
+that a gentleman cried out: "Shame! shame!" As far as we have ever
+seen, she has shown them nothing but kindness, and their return is
+ingratitude. Poor soul! her cough continues to wear her sadly, and she
+is hardly stout enough to contend with all her annoyances,
+notwithstanding the support of a clear conscience.
+
+[*] William George, the Seventeenth Earl, had married Lady Elizabeth
+Fitz-Clarence, the King's third daughter, and was Master of the Royal
+Buckhounds.
+
+'The Bishop of London and Mrs. and Miss Blomfield dine here to-morrow.
+I mean to get this franked.
+
+'I hope you are not annoyed with your winter cough, and that your
+family are all well. Accept a trio of best wishes, and believe me,
+
+'Yours sincerely, 'MARY CLITHEROW.'
+
+
+
+VIII
+
+DINNER AT KEW--FETES AT SYON HOUSE--QUEEN ADELAIDE'S FUND
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'July 13 [1835].
+
+'WE were invited on Saturday to dine at Kew with their Majesties. It
+was quite a social party, no company but ourselves and the Landgravine;
+the rest were the ladies in attendance, the household, and the King's
+family. We mustered thirty at dinner. They came down early in the day
+to thoroughly enjoy the country. They walked about till luncheon; then
+the Queen had her horse to ride, and little carriages, and they all
+went to Richmond Park, and returned to dress for seven o'clock dinner.
+They both seemed remarkably well. I had not been seen by the King for a
+long time, and when I went in he expressed himself most glad to see me
+quite well, and at dinner drank wine with me.
+
+'When we went in to dinner, the Queen said: "Mrs. Clitherow, you must
+sit by Lord Howe." The fact was she was expecting her sister to land
+Sunday morning, and would have been at the water-side to receive her,
+but she felt she ought to go to church with the King. Lord Howe told
+her certainly; she could drive and meet her sister after church. Still,
+her wish was to go to Deptford early, and she wanted somebody to second
+that wish. She bid Lord Howe ask Mrs. Clitherow--"She will _say
+honest_." The Queen is so quick, she discovered when they were
+conversing on the subject, though they were at the very bottom of the
+table, and addressed Mrs. Clitherow, "Are you for me, or against me?"
+"I must agree with Lord Howe," was her answer. Now, I suppose there are
+few women but my Jane who would not have advised according to the
+Queen's wishes, and I am certain it is her honesty, so unlike a
+courtier, that makes the Queen so partial to her. After dinner she
+called Mrs. Clitherow to sit by her, and they conversed together the
+whole evening. Her ideas and right way of thinking are quite delightful.
+
+'I had a very amusing evening, for the good-humoured Landgravine called
+me to her, and was full of fun and chat. She has a sweet countenance,
+but her figure is extraordinary. "My dear," she said, "Augusta charged
+me to tell you a charade--
+
+'"Three shakes and a grin, Shake your tail and you're in."
+
+She was in such a hurry to tell me I had not time to find it out; but
+you may take your time, I shan't tell you. She laughed so hearty. She
+seems to enjoy herself most exceedingly in her native land, and must be
+in excellent health to go about as she does. Yet her figure looks as if
+she was dropsical. She cannot stand long, and walks with difficulty; at
+the Drawing Room she sits.
+
+'The whole party left Kew for London at ten.
+
+'We have been wondrous gay at both the fetes at Syon House. As to the
+first fete, I think it was the most perfect thing of the kind that
+possibly could be. We were invited to a breakfast at three o'clock to
+meet their Majesties, and we went according to orders; but the
+breakfast proved a good dinner at seven. The day was lovely, the
+company of the very first order, and the dresses most elegant morning
+costume.
+
+'The King did not come; he was overfatigued at the Waterloo dinner. The
+Queen came at five. She and the Duchess of Northumberland led the way
+to the famous conservatory, and all the party followed. I believe it is
+reckoned the finest in Europe. The flower-garden, filled with all the
+smart and the pretty, was really a sight of sights. There were chairs
+and benches innumerable on the lawn, the Blues band of music, and
+people amused themselves till dinner was announced. It was certainly
+the most elegant party I ever was in, for the whole 524 guests followed
+each other into the tent as quiet and orderly as into the dinner-room
+at Windsor. The dinner was sumptuous. Three turkeys were drest, and
+eight men cooks employed. A seat for everyone, a napkin, three china
+plates, three silver forks, knife, and spoon. The waiters had only to
+remove your plate. And such quantities of waiters! yet so quiet, no
+bustle or clatter. We all came out of the tent together, when the house
+was lit up, and you went in or staid out as you pleased. The great
+drawing-room for tea and coffee, tables each side. And so the time
+passed till it was dark enough for the fireworks, which were most
+magnificent.
+
+'The Queen was then ushered into the tent, which, like magic, had been
+prepared for dancing. A very good floor, as clean as if no soul had
+dined in the room. The tables were laid round the room on the floor to
+make a platform to raise the sitters to look at the dancing. There were
+two tiers of benches, so that really the room seemed hardly full. There
+was a noble space for the dancers 180 feet long. Weippert's beautiful
+band. I quite longed to dance. It was lit the whole length by large
+handsome glass lanthorns, and round the tent was a broad border of
+growing flowers and coloured lamps in festoons. Nothing could be
+prettier. They had waltzes, quadrilles, gallopade, and reels. The Queen
+went at eleven, and everybody was gone by one. Refreshments of all
+sorts were provided at each end of the tent.
+
+'The second fete rather failed, as the day it was to have been held was
+so wet it was obliged to be put off; and then Royalty had gone to
+Windsor, and thought it too far to come. Numbers also were engaged. We
+were only asked in the evening, but everything was in as good style as
+the first, only a different style of company. The fireworks equally
+good, and the dancing, but the night was cold.
+
+'The papers will have told you of my brother's success in Queen
+Adelaide's Fund. It is most particularly gratifying to him. Ever since
+the lunatic asylum was finished he has been wishing to establish this
+fund, and was brought about by the Queen signifying to him that she
+wished to subscribe to the lunatic asylum, about which he interested
+himself so much. He told her it was a county asylum, not supported by
+subscriptions, and then named this plan, which she eagerly acceded to,
+and gave L100 and her name as patroness. He has got near L700, and does
+not mean to be satisfied till he has L1,000, and as much more as he
+can. I must conclude, as the man has called. Lucky for you.
+
+'Your affectionate friend, 'M. C.'
+
+The fund mentioned at the close of this letter was founded to assist
+patients at the Hancock Asylum on their discharge, and is still in
+existence. As this was due to Colonel Clitherow's initiation, it may be
+well to mention here that another trace of his influence also remains
+in the system of employing patients in occupations with which they were
+previously acquainted, which was established during his chairmanship,
+with very successful results.
+
+
+
+IX
+
+DEATH OF THE KING
+
+AFTER a short illness, William IV. died at Windsor Castle on June 20,
+1837. On July 17 Miss Clitherow wrote as follows:
+
+'Thank you very much for writing to me. I always enjoy your letters,
+and delight to hear from you. I feel I did not deserve it, so much time
+has elapsed since I wrote to you. But I dislike writing when the
+spirits are below par, and how could they be otherwise with the
+afflicting event which has befallen the country? Great were our
+apprehensions for the dear Queen when she was so ill and could attend
+none of the State entertainments, but the King's death never entered
+our ideas. On June 3 my brother went by command to Windsor. He sat with
+the King while he ate his early dinner. He was cheerful and chatty, and
+had only sent for him for the pleasure of seeing and conversing freely
+with him, which he did for above an hour, and the last thing his
+Majesty said was, "Thank you for coming; it always does me good to see
+you, and very soon you and Mrs. Clitherow must come to Windsor for a
+few days and your sister.' How little he thought his days were
+numbered, and that he should never see him more! He then appeared so
+little ill my brother returned home quite in spirits, and on the
+twentieth he was dead--only seventeen days.
+
+'Since the Queen Dowager got to Bushey Lady Gore has written to us. The
+description of her resigned pious mind is beautiful, and Lady Gore[*]
+assures us she really hopes her health has not materially suffered from
+all she has gone through, particularly the last sad ceremony.
+
+[*] Wife of General Hon. Sir Charles Gore, G.C.B., K.H., third son of
+the second Earl of Arran, a Waterloo officer.
+
+'My brother was deputed to present the address of condolence from the
+magistrates to the Dowager Queen. He dreaded it, but he wrote to Lord
+Howe to know how and when, and was answered--Queen Adelaide receives no
+addresses; but those she received on the throne from the City, etc.,
+those she must receive. We are delighted at this, as it was too much to
+impose upon her. Addresses are pouring in from all quarters, and Lord
+Howe is to receive them.'
+
+As Queen Adelaide received no visitors, except such as she could not
+refuse, in her widowhood, the King's death closed her intimate
+intercourse with the Clitherows. It seems, however, just to the memory
+of both the King and Queen to insert the following testimony to her
+tender affection for her husband, and her delicacy of feeling
+respecting his previous relations with Mrs. Jordan.
+
+'BOSTON HOUSE, 'September 23, 1837.
+
+'I dare say you look to me for some true account of our dear Queen
+Adelaide. We have not seen her, but have been much gratified by her
+recollection of us. She sent a most kind message by Mr. Wood, with the
+little book he wrote at her command of William IV.'s last days--a copy
+to my brother and one to me.
+
+'Very lately we began to doubt whether we ought not to go to Bushey as
+we used to visit her Majesty at Windsor, and Mrs. Clitherow wrote to
+consult Lady Denbigh. She acted most kindly to us, for she waited an
+opportunity of showing the note to the Queen. Her Majesty's answer was,
+it would be a 'real comfort to her to see Mrs. Clitherow, but it would
+open the door to so many; she could not without giving great offence.
+Lady Denbigh added Her Majesty had received no one yet, except those
+whom she was obliged to admit.
+
+'Mrs. Clitherow dined in company with Miss Hudson, one of the Dowager's
+Maids of Honour, whom we know very well. She gave a delightful account
+of the dear Queen, her mind so peaceful, always occupied, much
+interested with her sister and her children, constantly doing
+charitable acts, and for ever talking of the King, and hoping she had
+thoroughly done her duty. Miss Hudson was in waiting for five weeks,
+and the first three she was very uneasy about Her Majesty's health, and
+thought her sadly altered; but the last two her cough had almost
+entirely ceased, and she had slept remarkably well.
+
+'You have no doubt seen the book I allude to, for 'tis now to be had
+for sixpence. Could anything be so extraordinary as the conduct of the
+Bishop of Worcester? Her Majesty sent him a copy, and he sent it to the
+editor of a newspaper. When the Queen read it in a public paper she was
+very indignant, and the gentleman who was told by her to discover who
+"the high dignitary in the Church" was, told us Carr, Bishop of
+Worcester. The man who has been quite the _Court Bishop_ should have
+known better.
+
+'One act of the Queen Dowager I must tell you: the Queen sent a message
+by Colonel Wood and Sir Henry Wheatley requesting she would take
+anything she chose from the Castle; she selected two--a favourite cup
+of the King's, in which she had given him everything during his last
+illness, and the picture from his own room of all his family. It was a
+singular picture, all the Fitz-Clarences grouped, and in the room Mrs.
+Jordan hanging a picture on the wall, the King's bust on a pedestal,
+and all strikingly like. I think it shows a delicacy of feeling to her
+King which was beautiful. It was a picture better out of sight for his
+memory. Now, this you may believe, for Colonel Wood told us. He
+transacted the business, and Queen Adelaide has the picture.
+
+'Believe me, 'Yours very truly, 'MARY CLITHEROW.'
+
+Neither Queen Adelaide nor the three friends long survived the kindly
+monarch they loved so well. Colonel Clitherow died in 1841; his sister,
+who became totally blind, early in 1847; and his true and honest wife,
+the last of the Boston House trio, died in March of the same year.
+
+
+
+X
+
+AN APPRECIATION OF KING WILLIAM IV. AND HIS REIGN
+
+TO the letters already given, which cover the seven years of William
+IV.'s reign, it seems appropriate to add two public utterances on the
+occasion of his death. The cuttings containing them are pasted in a MS.
+book belonging to Miss Clitherow's correspondent, himself a writer of
+repute,[*] and are preceded by the following notes:
+
+[*] The Rev. Edward Nares, D.D., Rector of Biddenden, Kent, and Regius
+Professor of Modern History in the University of Oxford.
+
+'No King ever departed this life with less of blame attached to him as
+a King, or with more credit as a well-meaning, good-natured,
+high-minded man. No King ever more truly acted upon the noble
+principles of Louis XII. in forgiving, as King, all offences committed
+against him while Duke of Orleans. When the Duke of Wellington was the
+Minister of George IV., he saw fit, with a view to retrenchment in the
+public interest of unnecessary expenditure, to remove H.R.H. the Duke
+of Clarence from the office of Lord High Admiral. When H.R.H. succeeded
+to the Crown, not only was this not resented, but nothing could exceed
+the attentions the Duke of Wellington was in the way of receiving from
+His Majesty on all anniversaries of the Battle of Waterloo. He
+constantly honoured the Duke with his company at dinner, and lamented
+the necessity of being absent on June 18, 1837, only two days before he
+died.
+
+'This striking instance of a greatness of mind highly becoming a King
+of Great Britain was alluded to by the Duke of Wellington in the House
+of Peers on the first day of their meeting after the King's demise.
+There is extant in print what I believe to be a very authentic relation
+of the magnanimity with which His Majesty, as King, forgave a bold
+attack upon him as Duke of Clarence in his presence in the House of
+Lords by the present Chief Justice of England, Lord Denman. I allude to
+a memorable speech of the latter at the Queen's trial in 1820.
+
+'Praises and commendations of Kings and Queens are so liable to the
+suspicion of flattery that it cannot but be pleasant to a mind
+constitutionally loyal to be able to produce testimony to that effect
+of indisputable authority. In the course of a speech at the nomination
+of candidates for North Lancashire, Lord Stanley, not long since a
+member of a Whig Cabinet, said: "The country had just lost a Sovereign
+whose virtues and transcendent attributes had earned for him an
+immortal name. Those who knew least of His late Majesty did not
+hesitate to ascribe to him an ever anxious delight in being kind and
+affectionate to his people, attached to their wishes, and determined to
+administer to their comforts. He thought little of himself when
+promoting the happiness of those around him. Those who had ever an
+opportunity of coming into immediate contact with the late Sovereign
+could justly appreciate his excellent qualities. His attention to
+business, his candour of manner in listening to the arguments of his
+advisers, manifested a full knowledge of his constitutional duties. He
+(Lord Stanley) had witnessed how His late Majesty had declined
+asserting his prerogative when it in the slightest degree seemed to
+interfere with public officers in the discharge of their public duties.
+In the discharge of his duties as a Minister of the Crown it had
+happened on three occasions that His Majesty had felt a deep interest
+in the appointment of three individuals to office, and it did so happen
+that he could not meet the private wishes of the Sovereign in making
+those appointments, and he intimated to His Majesty the public grounds
+on which he would rather they were not made. His Majesty immediately
+with pleasure declined pressing his own views, which, he said, were
+secondary compared with the public business of the country."'
+
+This eulogium is confirmed by several passages in Miss Clitherow's
+letters. The next extract is prefaced in her correspondent's MS. as
+follows:
+
+'Of the King's last moments nobody had a better account to give than
+the Archbishop of Canterbury, who was with him, and who had it in his
+power to bear undeniable testimony to the affectionate and unwearying
+attentions of the Queen to the very last. Before His Majesty's funeral
+I had this confirmed to me by the Archbishop himself, who also told me
+that he had already seen the young Queen preside in three Councils with
+singular propriety, dignity, and decorum, adding much in praise of the
+good education she had received.'
+
+Extract from the speech of the Archbishop (Howley) of Canterbury at a
+meeting of the Metropolitan Churches' Fund:
+
+'I attended on our late Sovereign during the last few days of his life,
+and, truly, it was an edifying sight to witness the patience with which
+he endured sufferings the most oppressive, his thankfulness to the
+Almighty for any alleviations under his most painful disorder, his
+sense of every attention paid to him, the absence of all expressions of
+impatience, his anxiety to discharge every public duty to the utmost of
+his power, his attention to every paper that was brought to him, the
+serious state of his mind, and the devotion manifested in his religious
+duties preparatory to his departure for that happy world where we may
+humbly hope he has now been called. Three different times was I
+summoned to his presence the day before his dissolution. He received
+the sacrament first; on my second summons I read the Church Service to
+him, and the third time I appeared the oppression under which he
+laboured prevented him from joining outwardly, though he appeared
+sensible of the consolation I offered him. For three weeks prior to the
+dissolution the Queen had sat by his bedside, performing for him every
+office which a sick man could require, and depriving herself of all
+rest and refection. She underwent labours which I thought no ordinary
+woman could endure. No language can do justice to her meekness and to
+the calmness of mind which she sought to keep up before the King while
+sorrow was preying on her heart. Such constancy of affection, I think,
+was one of the most interesting spectacles that could be presented to a
+mind desirous of being satisfied with the sight of human excellence.'
+
+William IV.--a good husband, a good father, a good King, a good
+friend--was indeed a happy contrast to the selfish, if more gifted,
+brother who preceded him on the throne. He was an eminently
+constitutional monarch, popular and patriotic. His reign was short,
+and, though not free from riot and disturbance, was mainly
+characterized by peace, retrenchment, and reform. Its social
+legislation included the Reform Bill, the abolition of slavery, the
+Factory Acts, the New Poor Law, and the Tithe Commutation Act, while
+the modest grant of L20,000 per annum was the first recognition by the
+State of its duty respecting the education of the people. At the same
+time, the Empire was expanding, the colony of South Australia was
+established, and its capital bore the name of the King's devoted and
+sympathetic consort.
+
+Thus the first steps were taken in many important movements for the
+welfare of the people and the Empire, which, under his great and good
+successor, were supported and developed, and the way was made plain for
+the young Queen, to whom the nation looked with such well-founded hope,
+whose long and glorious reign has been so abundantly blest, and whose
+memory will ever be cherished with honour and respect.
+
+GOD SAVE THE KING!
+
+THE END
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Glimpses of King William IV. and Queen
+Adelaide, by Mary Clitherow
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