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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Considerations on Religion and Public
+Education, by Hannah More
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Considerations on Religion and Public Education
+
+Author: Hannah More
+
+Release Date: October 17, 2011 [EBook #37774]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CONSIDERATIONS ON RELIGION ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Carla Foust, Joseph Cooper and
+the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+    CONSIDERATIONS
+    ON
+    RELIGION AND PUBLIC EDUCATION,
+    WITH
+    REMARKS
+    ON THE _SPEECH_ OF
+    _M. DUPONT_,
+    DELIVERED IN THE
+    NATIONAL CONVENTION
+    OF
+    FRANCE.
+    TOGETHER WITH
+    AN ADDRESS TO THE LADIES, &c.
+    OF
+    _GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND_.
+
+    [Decoration]
+
+    BY HANNAH MORE.
+
+    FIRST _AMERICAN_ EDITION.
+
+    PRINTED AT _BOSTON_,
+    BY WELD AND GREENOUGH.
+    SOLD at the MAGAZINE OFFICE, No. 49, State Street.
+    MDCCXCIV.
+
+
+
+
+[Decoration]
+
+A PREFATORY ADDRESS TO THE LADIES, &c. of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, IN
+BEHALF OF THE FRENCH EMIGRANT CLERGY.
+
+[Decoration]
+
+
+If it be allowed that there may arise occasions so extraordinary, that
+all the lesser motives of delicacy ought to vanish before them; it is
+presumed that the present emergency will in some measure justify the
+hardiness of an Address from a private individual, who, stimulated by
+the urgency of the case, sacrifices inferior considerations to the
+ardent desire of raising further supplies towards relieving a distress
+as pressing as it is unexampled.
+
+We are informed by public advertisement, that the large sums already so
+liberally subscribed for the Emigrant Clergy, are almost exhausted.
+Authentic information adds, that multitudes of distressed Exiles in the
+island of Jersey, are on the point of wanting bread.
+
+Very many to whom this address is made have already contributed. O let
+them not be weary in well-doing! Many are making generous exertions for
+the just and natural claims of the widows and children of our brave
+seamen and soldiers. Let it not be said, that the present is an
+_interfering_ claim. Those to whom I write, have bread enough, and to
+spare. You, who fare sumptuously every day, and yet complain you have
+little to bestow, let not this bounty be subtracted from another bounty,
+but rather from some superfluous expense.
+
+The beneficent and right minded want no arguments to be pressed upon
+them; but I write to those of every description. Luxurious habits of
+living, which really furnish the distressed with the fairest grounds for
+application, are too often urged as a motive for withholding assistance,
+and produced as a plea for having little to spare. Let her who indulges
+such habits, and pleads such excuses in consequence, reflect, that by
+retrenching _one_ costly dish from her abundant table, the superfluities
+of _one_ expensive desert, _one_ evening's public amusement, she may
+furnish at least a week's subsistence to more than one person,[A] as
+liberally bred perhaps as herself, and who, in his own country, may have
+often tasted how much more blessed it is to give than to receive--to a
+minister of God, who has been long accustomed to bestow the necessaries
+he is now reduced to solicit.
+
+Even your young daughters, whom maternal prudence has not yet furnished
+with the means of bestowing, may be cheaply taught the first rudiments
+of charity, together with an important lesson of economy: They may be
+taught to sacrifice a feather, a set of ribbons, an expensive ornament,
+an idle diversion. And if they are thus instructed, that there is no
+true charity without self denial, they will _gain_ more than they are
+called upon to _give_: For the suppression of one luxury for a
+charitable purpose, is the exercise of two virtues, and this without any
+pecuniary expense.
+
+Let the sick and afflicted remember how dreadful it must be, to be
+exposed to sufferings, without one of the alleviations which mitigate
+_their_ affliction. How dreadful it is to be without comforts, without
+necessaries, without a home--_without a country_! While the gay and
+prosperous would do well to recollect, how suddenly and terribly those
+for whom we plead, were, by the surprising vicissitudes of life, thrown
+from equal heights of gaiety and prosperity. And let those who have
+husbands, fathers, sons, brothers, or friends, reflect on the
+uncertainties of war, and the revolution of human affairs. It is only by
+imagining the possibility of those who are dear to us being placed in
+the same calamitous circumstances, that we can obtain an adequate
+feeling of the woes we are called upon to commiserate.
+
+In a distress so wide and comprehensive, many are prevented from giving
+by that common excuse--"That it is but a drop of water in the ocean."
+But let them reflect, that if all the individual drops were withheld,
+there would be no ocean at all; and the inability to give much ought
+not, on any occasion, to be converted into an excuse for giving nothing.
+Even moderate circumstances need not plead an exemption. The industrious
+tradesman will not, even in a political view, be eventually a loser by
+his small contribution. The money raised is neither carried out of our
+country, nor dissipated in luxuries, but returns again to the community;
+to our shops and to our markets, to procure the bare necessaries of
+life.
+
+Some have objected to the difference of _religion_ of those for whom we
+solicit. Such an objection hardly deserves a serious answer. Surely if
+the superstitious Tartar hopes to become possessed of the courage and
+talents of the enemy he slays, the Christian is not afraid of catching,
+or of propagating the error of the sufferer he relieves.--Christian
+charity is of no party. We plead not for their faith, but for their
+wants. And let the more scrupulous, who look for desert as well as
+distress in the objects of their bounty, bear in mind, that if these men
+could have sacrificed their conscience to their convenience, they had
+not now been in this country. Let us shew them the purity of _our_
+religion, by the beneficence of our actions.
+
+If you will permit me to press upon you such high motives (and it were
+to be wished that in every action we were to be influenced by the
+highest) perhaps no act of bounty to which you may be called out, can
+ever come so immediately under that solemn and affecting description,
+which will be recorded in the great day of account--_I was a stranger
+and ye took me in_.----
+
+
+
+
+[Decoration]
+
+_The following is an exact Translation from a_ SPEECH _made in the
+National Convention at Paris, on Friday the 14th of December, 1792, in a
+Debate on the Subject of establishing Public Schools for the Education
+of Youth, by Citizen_ DUPONT, _a Member of considerable Weight; and as
+the Doctrines contained in it were received with unanimous Applause,
+except from two or three of the Clergy, it may be fairly considered as
+an Exposition of the Creed of that Enlightened Assembly. Translated
+from_ Le Moniteur _of Sunday the 16th of December, 1792_.
+
+[Decoration]
+
+What! Thrones are overturned! Sceptres broken! Kings expire! And yet the
+Altars of GOD remain! (Here there is a murmur from some Members; and the
+Abbé ICHON demands that the person speaking may be called to order.)
+Tyrants, in outrage to nature, continue to burn an impious incense on
+those Altars! (Some murmurs arise, but they are lost in the applauses
+from the majority of the Assembly.) The Thrones that have been reversed,
+have left these Altars naked, unsupported, and tottering. A single
+breath of enlightened reason will now be sufficient to make them
+disappear; and if humanity is under obligations to the French nation for
+the first of these benefits, the fall of Kings, can it be doubted but
+that the French people, now sovereign, will be wise enough, in like
+manner, to overthrow those Altars and _those Idols_ to which those Kings
+have hitherto made them subject? _Nature_ and _Reason_, these ought to
+be the gods of men! These are my gods! (Here the Abbé AUDREIN cried out,
+"There is no bearing this;" and rushed out of the Assembly.--A great
+laugh.) Admire _nature_--cultivate _reason_. And you, Legislators, if
+you desire that the French people should be happy, make haste to
+propagate these principles, and to teach them in your primary schools,
+instead of those fanatical principles which have hitherto been taught.
+The tyranny of Kings was confined to make their people miserable in this
+life--but those other tyrants, the Priests, extend their dominion into
+another, of which they have no other idea than of eternal punishments; a
+doctrine which some men have hitherto had the good nature to believe.
+But the moment of the catastrophe is come--all these prejudices must
+fall at the same time. _We must destroy them, or they will destroy
+us._--For myself, I honestly avow to the Convention, _I am an atheist_!
+(Here there is some noise and tumult. But a great number of members cry
+out, "What is that to us--you are an honest man!") But I defy a single
+individual, among the twenty-four millions of Frenchmen, to make against
+me any well grounded reproach. I doubt whether the Christians, or the
+Catholics, of which the last speaker, and those of his opinion, have
+been talking to us, can make the same challenge.--(Great applauses.)
+There is another consideration--Paris has had great losses. It has been
+deprived of the commerce of luxury; of that factitious splendour which
+was found at courts, and invited strangers hither. Well! We must repair
+these losses.--Let me then represent to you the times, that are fast
+approaching, when our philosophers, whose names are celebrated
+throughout Europe, PETION, SYEYES, CONDORCET, and others--surrounded in
+our Pantheon, as the Greek philosophers where at Athens, with a crowd of
+disciples coming from all parts of Europe, walking like the
+Peripatetics, and teaching--this man, the system of the universe, and
+developing the progress of all human knowledge; that, perfectioning the
+social system, and shewing in our decree of the 17th of June, 1789, the
+seeds of the insurrections of the 14th of July and the 10th of August,
+and of all those insurrections which are spreading with such rapidity
+throughout Europe--So that these young strangers, on their return to
+their respective countries, may spread the same lights, and may operate,
+_for the happiness of Mankind_, similar revolutions throughout the
+world.
+
+(Numberless applauses arose, almost throughout the whole Assembly, and
+in the Galleries.)
+
+[Decoration]
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote A: Mr. Bowdler's letter states, that about Six Shillings a
+week included the expenses of each Priest at Winchester.]
+
+
+
+
+[Decoration]
+
+REMARKS
+
+ON THE
+
+SPEECH of Mr. DUPONT,
+
+ON THE SUBJECTS OF
+
+Religion and Public Education.
+
+[Decoration]
+
+
+It is presumed that it may not be thought unseasonable at this critical
+time to offer to the Public, and especially to the more religious part
+of it, a few slight observations, occasioned by the late famous Speech
+of Mr. Dupont, which exhibits the Confession of Faith of a considerable
+Member of the French National Convention. Though the Speech itself has
+been pretty generally read, yet it was thought necessary to perfix it to
+these Remarks, lest such as have not already perused it, might, from an
+honest reluctance to credit the existence of such principles, dispute
+its authenticity, and accuse the remarks, if unaccompanied by the
+Speech, of a spirit of invective and unfair exaggeration. At the same
+time it must be confessed, that its impiety is so monstrous, that many
+good men were of opinion it ought not to be made familiar to the minds
+of Englishmen; for there are crimes with which even the imagination
+should never come in contact.
+
+But as an ancient nation intoxicated their slaves, and then exposed them
+before their children, in order to increase their horror of
+intemperance; so it is hoped that this piece of impiety may be placed in
+such a light before the eyes of the Christian reader, that, in
+proportion as his detestation is raised, his faith, instead of being
+shaken, will be only so much the more strengthened.
+
+This celebrated Speech, though delivered in an assembly of Politicians,
+is not on a question of politics, but on one as superior as the soul is
+to the body, and eternity to time. The object here, is not to dethrone
+kings, but HIM by whom kings reign. It does not here excite the cry of
+indignation that _Louis_ reigns, but that _the Lord God omnipotent
+reigneth_.
+
+Nor is this the declaration of some obscure and anonymous person, but an
+exposition of the Creed of a public Leader. It is not a sentiment hinted
+in a journal, hazarded in a pamphlet, or thrown out at a disputing club:
+but it is the implied faith of the rulers of a great nation.
+
+Little notice would have been due to this famous Speech, if it had
+conveyed the sentiments of only _one_ vain orator; but it should be
+observed, that it was heard, received, _applauded_, with two or three
+exceptions only--a fact, which you, who have scarcely believed in the
+existence of atheism, will hardly credit, and which, for the honour of
+the eighteenth century, it is hoped that our posterity, being still more
+unacquainted with such corrupt opinions, will reject as totally
+incredible.
+
+A love of liberty, generous in its principle, inclines some good men
+still to savour the proceedings of the National Convention of France.
+They do not yet perceive that the licentious wildness which has been
+excited in that country, is destructive of all true happiness, and no
+more resemble liberty, than the tumultuous joys of the drunkard,
+resemble the cheerfulness of a sober and well regulated mind.
+
+To those who do not know of what strange inconsistences man is made up;
+who have not considered how some persons, having at first been hastily
+and heedlessly drawn in as approvers, by a sort of natural progression,
+soon become principals;--to those who have never observed by what a
+variety of strange associations in the mind, opinions that seem the most
+irreconcileable meet at some unsuspected turning, and come to be united
+in the same man;--to all such it may appear quite incredible, that well
+meaning and even pious people should continue to applaud the principles
+of a set of men who have publicly made known their intention of
+abolishing Christianity, as far as the demolition of altars, priests,
+temples, and institutions, _can_ abolish it; and as to the religion
+itself, this also they may traduce, and for their own part reject, but
+we know, from the comfortable promise of an authority still sacred in
+this country at least, that _the gates of hell shall not prevail against
+it_.
+
+Let me not be misunderstood by those to whom these slight remarks are
+principally addressed; that class of well intentioned people, who favour
+at least, if they do not adopt, the prevailing sentiments of the new
+Republic. You are not here accused of being the wilful abetters of
+infidelity. God forbid! "we are persuaded better things of you, and
+things which accompany salvation." But this _ignis fatuus_ of liberty
+and universal brotherhood, which the French are madly pursuing, with the
+insignia of freedom in one hand, and the bloody bayonet in the other,
+has bewitched your senses, and is in danger of misleading your steps.
+You are gazing at a meteor raised by the vapours of vanity, which these
+wild and infatuated wanderers are pursuing to their destruction; and
+though for a moment you mistake it for a heaven-born light, which leads
+to the perfection of human freedom, you will, should you join in the mad
+pursuit, soon discover that it will conduct you over dreary wilds and
+sinking bogs, only to plunge you in deep and inevitable ruin.
+
+Much, very much is to be said in vindication of your favouring in the
+first instance their political projects. The cause they took in hand
+seemed to be the great cause of human kind. Its very name insured its
+popularity. What English heart did not exult at the demolition of the
+Bastile? What lover of his species did not triumph in the warm hope,
+that one of the finest countries in the world would soon be one of the
+most free? Popery and despotism, though chained by the gentle influence
+of Louis XVIth, had actually slain their thousands. Little was it then
+imagined, that anarchy and atheism, the monsters who were about to
+succeed them, would soon slay their ten thousands. If we cannot regret
+the defeat of the two former tyrants, what must they be who can triumph
+in the mischiefs of the two latter? Who, I say, that had a head to
+reason, or a heart to feel, did not glow with hope, that from the ruins
+of tyranny, and the rubbish of popery, a beautiful and finely framed
+edifice would in time have been constructed, and that ours would not
+have been the only country in which the patriot's fair idea of well
+understood liberty, and of the most pure and reasonable, as well as the
+most sublime and exalted Christianity might be realized?
+
+But, alas! it frequently happens that the wise and good are not the most
+adventurous in attacking the mischiefs which they perceive and lament.
+With a timidity in some respects virtuous, they fear attempting any
+thing which may possible aggravate the evils they deplore, or put to
+hazard the blessings they already enjoy. They dread plucking up the
+wheat with the tares, and are rather apt, with a spirit of hopeless
+resignation,
+
+    "To bear the ills they have,
+    "Than fly to others that they know not of."
+
+While sober minded and considerate men, therefore, sat mourning over
+this complicated mass of error, and waited till God, in his own good
+time, should open the blind eyes; the vast scheme of reformation was
+left to that set of rash and presumptuous adventurers, who are generally
+watching how they may convert public grievances to their own personal
+account. It was undertaken, not upon the broad basis of a wise and well
+digested scheme, of which all the parts should contribute to the
+perfection of one consistent whole: It was carried on, not by those
+steady measures, founded on rational deliberation, which are calculated
+to accomplish so important an end; not with a temperance which indicated
+a sober love of law, or a sacred regard for religion; but with the most
+extravagant lust of power, and the most inordinate vanity which perhaps
+ever instigated human measures; a lust of power which threatens to
+extend its desolating influence over the whole globe; a vanity of the
+same destructive species with that which stimulated the celebrated
+incendiary of Ephesus, who being weary of his native obscurity and
+insignificance, and prefering infamy to oblivion, could contrive no
+other road to fame and immortality, than that of setting fire to the
+exquisite Temple of Diana. He was remembered indeed, as he desired to
+be, but only to be execrated; while the seventh wonder of the world lay
+prostrate through his crime.
+
+It is the same over ruling vanity which operates in their politics, and
+in their religion, which makes Kersaint[B] boast of carrying his
+destructive projects from the Tagus to the Brazils, and from Mexico to
+the shores of the Ganges; which makes him menace to outstrip the
+enterprises of the most extravagant hero of romance, and almost
+undertake with the marvelous celerity of the nimbly footed Puck,
+
+    "To put a girdle round about the earth
+    "In forty minutes."----
+
+It is the same vanity, still the master passion in the bosom of a
+Frenchman, which leads Dupont and Manuel to undertake in their orations
+to abolish the Sabbath, exterminate the Priesthood, erect a Pantheon for
+the World, restore the Peripatetic Philosophy, and in short revive every
+thing of ancient Greece, except the pure taste, the wisdom, the love of
+virtue, the veneration of the laws, and that degree of reverence which
+even virtuous Pagans professed for the Deity.
+
+It is surely to be charged to the inadequate and wretched hands into
+which the work of reformation fell, and not to the impossibility of
+amending the civil and religious institutions of France, that all has
+succeeded so ill. It cannot be denied, perhaps, that a reforming spirit
+was wanted in that country; their government was not more despotic, than
+their church was superstitious and corrupt.
+
+But though this is readily granted, and though it may be unfair to blame
+those who in the _first outset_ of the French Revolution, rejoiced even
+on religious motives; yet it is astonishing, how any pious person, even
+with all the blinding power of prejudice, can think without horror of
+the _present_ state of France. It is no less wonderful how any rational
+man could, even in the beginning of the Revolution; transfer that
+reasoning, however just it might be, when applied to France, to the case
+of England. For what can be more unreasonable, than to draw from
+different, and even opposite premises, the same conclusion? Must a
+revolution be equally necessary in the case of two sorts of Government,
+and two sorts of Religion, which are the very reverse of each other?
+opposite in their genius, unlike in their fundamental principles, and
+widely different in each of their component parts.
+
+That despotism, priestcraft, intolerance, and superstition, are terrible
+evils, no candid Christian it is presumed will deny; but, blessed be
+God, though these mischiefs are not yet entirely banished from the face
+of the earth, they have scarcely any existence in this country.
+
+To guard against a real danger, and to cure actual abuses, of which the
+existence has been first plainly proved, by the application of a
+suitable remedy, requires diligence as well as courage; observation as
+well as genius; patience and temperance as well as zeal and spirit. It
+requires the union of that clear head and sound heart which constitute
+the true patriot. But to conjure up fancied evils, or even greatly to
+aggravate real ones, and then to exhaust our labour in combating them,
+is the characteristic of a distempered imagination and an ungoverned
+spirit.
+
+Romantic crusades, the ordeal trial, drowning of witches, the torture,
+and the Inquisition, have been justly reprobated as the foulest stain of
+the respective periods, in which, to the disgrace of human reason, they
+existed; but would any man be rationally employed, who should now stand
+up gravely to declaim against these as the predominating mischiefs of
+the present century? Even the whimsical Knight of La Mancha himself,
+would not fight wind mills that were pulled down; yet I will venture to
+say, that the above named evils are at present little more chimerical
+than some of those now so bitterly complained of among us. It is not, as
+Dryden said, when one of his works was unmercifully abused, that the
+piece has not faults enough in it, but the critics have not had the wit
+to fix upon the right ones.
+
+It is allowed that, as a nation, we have faults enough, but our
+political critics err in the objects of their censure. They say little
+of those real and pressing evils resulting from our own corruption,
+which constitute the actual miseries of life; while they gloomily
+speculate upon a thousand imaginary political grievances, and fancy that
+the reformation of our rulers and our legislators is all that is wanting
+to make us a happy people.
+
+The principles of just and equitable government were, perhaps, never
+more fully established, nor public justice more exactly administered.
+Pure and undefiled religion was never laid more open to all, than at
+this day. I wish I could say we were a religious people; but this at
+least may be safely asserted, that the great truths of religion were
+never better understood; that Christianity was never more completely
+stripped from all its incumbrances and disguises, or more thoroughly
+purged from human infusions, and whatever is debasing in human
+institutions.
+
+Let us in this yet happy country, learn at least one great and important
+truth, from the errors of this distracted people. Their conduct has
+awfully illustrated a position, which is not the less sound for having
+been often controverted, That no degree of wit and learning; no progress
+in commerce; no advances in the knowledge of nature, or in the
+embellishments of art, can ever thoroughly tame that savage, the natural
+human heart, without RELIGION. The arts of social life may give a
+sweetness to the manners and language, and induce, in some degree, a
+love of justice, truth, and humanity; but attainments derived from such
+inferior causes are no more than the semblance and the shadow of the
+qualities derived from pure Christianity. Varnish is an extraneous
+ornament, but true polish is a proof of the solidity of the body; it
+depends greatly on the nature of the substance, is not superinduced by
+accidental causes, but in a good measure proceeding from internal
+soundness.
+
+The poets of that country, whose style, sentiments, manners, and
+religion the French so affectedly labour to imitate, have left keen and
+biting satires on the Roman vices. Against the late proceedings in
+France, no satirist need employ his pen; that of the historian will be
+quite sufficient. Fact will put fable out of countenance; and the crimes
+which are usually held up to our abhorrence in works of invention, will
+be regarded as flat and feeble by those who shall peruse the records of
+the tenth of August, of the second and third of September, and of the
+twenty first of January.
+
+If the same astonishing degeneracy in taste, principle, and practice,
+should ever come to flourish among us, Britons may still live to exult
+in the desolation of her cities, and in the destruction of her finest
+monuments of art; she may triumph in the peopling of the fortresses of
+her rocks and her forests; may exult in being once more restored to that
+glorious state of _liberty and equality_, when all subsisted by rapine
+and the chace; when all, O enviable privilege! were equally savage,
+equally indigent, and equally naked; may extol it as the restoration of
+reason, and the triumph of nature, that they are again brought to feed
+on acorns, instead of bread. Groves of consecrated misletoe may happily
+succeed to useless corn fields; and Thor and Woden may hope once more to
+be invested with all their bloody honours.
+
+Let not any serious readers feel indignation, as if pains were
+ungenerously taken to involve their religious, with their political
+opinions. Far be it from me to wound, unnecessarily, the feelings of
+people whom I so sincerely esteem; but it is much to be suspected, that
+certain opinions in politics have a tendency to lead to certain opinions
+in religion. Where so much is at stake, they will do well to keep their
+consciences tender, in order to do which they should try to keep their
+discernment acute. They will do well to observe, that the same restless
+spirit of innovation is busily operating under various, though seemingly
+unconnected forms. To observe, that the same impatience of restraint,
+the same contempt of order, peace, and subordination, which makes men
+bad citizens, makes them bad Christians; and that to this secret, but
+almost infallible connexion between religious and political sentiment,
+does France owe her present unparalleled anarchy and impiety.
+
+There are doubtless in that unhappy country multitudes of virtuous and
+reasonable men, who rather silently acquiesce in the authority of their
+present turbulent government, than embrace its principles or promote
+its projects from the sober conviction of their own judgment. These,
+together with those conscientious exiles whom this nation so honourably
+protects, may yet live to rejoice in the restoration of true liberty and
+solid peace to their native country, when light and order shall spring
+from the present darkness and confusion, and the reign of chaos shall be
+no more.
+
+May I be permitted a short digression on the subject of those exiles? It
+shall only be to remark, that all the boasted conquests of our Edwards
+and our Henrys over the French nation, do not confer such substantial
+glory on our own country, as she derives from having received,
+protected, and supported, among multitudes of other sufferers, at a time
+and under circumstances so peculiarly disadvantageous to herself, _three
+thousand priests_, of a nation habitually her enemy, and of a religion
+intolerant and hostile to her own. This is the solid triumph of true
+Christianity; and it is worth remarking, that the deeds which poets and
+historians celebrate as rare and splendid actions, and sublime instances
+of greatness of soul, in the heroes of the Pagan world, are but the
+ordinary and habitual virtues which occur in the common course of action
+among Christians; quietly performed without effort or exertion, and with
+no view to renown; but resulting naturally and necessarily from the
+religion they profess.
+
+So predominating is the power of an example we have once admired, and
+set up as a standard of imitation, and so fascinating has been the
+ascendency of the Convention over the minds of those whose approbation
+of French politics commenced in the earlier periods of the Revolution,
+that it extends to the most trivial circumstances. I cannot forbear to
+notice this in an instance, which, though inconsiderable in itself, yet
+ceases to be so when we view it in the light of a symptom of the
+reigning disease.
+
+While the fantastic phraseology of the new Republic is such, as to be
+almost as disgusting to sound taste, as their doctrines are to sound
+morals, it is curious to observe how deeply the addresses, which have
+been sent to it from the Clubs[C] in this country, have been infected
+with it, as far at least as phrases and terms are objects of imitation.
+In other respects, it is but justice to the French Convention to
+confess, that they are hitherto without rivals and without imitators;
+for who can aspire to emulate that compound of anarchy and atheism which
+in their debates is mixed up with the pedantry of school boys, the
+jargon of a cabal, and the vulgarity and ill-breeding of a mob? One
+instance of the prevailing cant may suffice, where an hundred might be
+adduced; and it is not the most exceptionable.--To demolish every
+existing law and establishment; to destroy the fortunes and ruin the
+principles of every country into which they are carrying their
+destructive arms and their frantic doctrines; to untie or cut asunder
+every bond which holds society together; to impose their own arbitrary
+shackles where they succeed, and to demolish every thing where they
+fail.--This desolating system, by a most unaccountable perversion of
+language, they are pleased to call by the endearing name of
+_fraternization_; and fraternization is one of the favourite terms which
+their admirers have adopted. Little would a simple stranger, uninitiated
+in this new and surprising dialect, imagine that the peaceful terms of
+fellow-citizen and of brother, the winning offer of freedom and
+happiness, and the warm embrace of fraternity, were only watch-words by
+which they in effect,
+
+                  Cry havoc,
+    And let slip the dogs of war.
+
+In numberless other instances, the fashionable language of France at
+this day would be as unintelligible to the correct writers of the age of
+Louis the XIVth, as their fashionable notions of liberty would be
+irreconcileable with those of the true Revolution Patriots of his great
+contemporary and victorious rival, William the Third.
+
+Such is indeed their puerile rage for novelty in the invention of new
+words, and the perversion of their taste in the use of old ones, that
+the celebrated Vossius, whom Christine of Sweden oddly complimented by
+saying, that he was so learned as not only to know whence all words
+came, but whither they were going, would, _were he admitted to the
+honours of a sitting_, be obliged to confess, that he was equally
+puzzled to tell the one, or to foretel the other.
+
+If it shall please the Almighty in his anger to let loose this
+infatuated people, as a scourge for the iniquities of the human race; if
+they are delegated by infinite justice to act, as storm and tempest
+fulfilling his word; if they are commissioned to perform the errand of
+the destroying lightning or the avenging thunder-bolt, let us try at
+least to extract personal benefit from national calamity; let every one
+of us, high and low, rich and poor, enter upon this serious and humbling
+inquiry, how much his own individual offences have contributed to that
+awful aggregate of public guilt, which has required such a visitation.
+Let us carefully examine in what proportion we have separately added to
+that common stock of abounding iniquity, the description of which formed
+the character of an ancient nation, and is so peculiarly applicable to
+our own--_Pride, fulness of bread, and abundance of idleness_. Let every
+one of us humbly inquire, in the self-suspecting language of the
+disciples to their Divine Master--_Lord, is it I?_ Let us learn to fear
+the fleets and armies of the enemy, much less than those iniquities at
+home which this alarming dispensation may be intended to chastize.
+
+The war which the French have declared against us, is of a kind
+altogether unexampled in every respect; insomuch that human wisdom is
+baffled when it would pretend to conjecture what may be the event. But
+this at least we may safely say, that it is not so much the force of
+French bayonets, as the contamination of French principles, that ought
+to excite our apprehensions. We trust, that through the blessing of GOD
+we shall be defended from their open hostilities, by the temperate
+wisdom of our Rulers, and the bravery of our fleets and armies; but the
+domestic danger arising from licentious and irreligious principles among
+ourselves, can only be guarded against by the personal care and
+vigilance of every one of us who values religion and the good order of
+society.
+
+GOD grant that those who go forth to fight our battles, instead of being
+intimidated by the number of their enemies, may bear in mind, that
+"there is no restraint with GOD to save by many or by few." And let the
+meanest of us who remains at home remember also, that even he may
+contribute to the internal safety of his country, by the integrity of
+his private life, and to the success of her defenders, by following them
+with his fervent prayers. And in what war can the sincere Christian ever
+have stronger inducements to pray for the success of his country, than
+in this? Without entering far into any political principles, the
+discussion of which would be in a great measure foreign to the design of
+this little tract, it may be remarked, that the unchristian principle of
+revenge is not our motive to this war; conquest is not our object; nor
+have we had recourse to hostility, in order to effect a change in the
+internal government of France[D]. The present war is undoubtedly
+undertaken entirely on defensive principles. It is in defence of our
+King, our Constitution, our Religion, our Laws, and consequently our
+_Liberty_, in the sound and rational sense of that term. It is to defend
+ourselves from the savage violence of a crusade, made against all
+Religion, as well as all Government. If ever therefore a war was
+undertaken on the ground of self-defence and necessity--if ever men
+might be literally said to fight _pro_ ARIS _et focis_, this seems to
+be the occasion.
+
+The ambition of conquerors has been the source of great and extensive
+evils: Religious fanaticism of still greater. But little as I am
+disposed to become the apologist of either the one principle or the
+other, there is no extravagance in asserting, that they have seemed
+incapable of producing, even in ages, that extent of mischief, that
+comprehensive desolation, which _philosophy, falsely so called_, has
+produced in three years.
+
+Christians! it is not a small thing--it is _your life_. The pestilence
+of irreligion which you detest, will insinuate itself imperceptibly with
+those manners, phrases, and principles which you admire and adopt. It is
+the humble wisdom of a Christian, to shrink from the most distant
+approaches to sin, to abstain from the very appearance of evil. If we
+would fly from the deadly contagion of Atheism, let us fly from those
+seemingly remote, but not very indirect paths which lead to it. Let
+France choose this day whom she will serve; _but, as for us and our
+houses, we will serve the Lord_.
+
+And, O gracious and long suffering God! before that awful period
+arrives, which shall exhibit the dreadful effects of such an education
+as the French nation are instituting; before a race of men can be
+trained up, not only without the knowledge of THEE, but in the contempt
+of THY most holy law, do THOU, in great mercy, change the heart of this
+people as the heart of one man. Give them not finally over to their own
+corrupt imaginations, to their own heart's lusts. But after having made
+them a fearful example to all the nations of the earth, what a people
+_can_ do, who have cast off the fear of THEE, do THOU graciously bring
+them back to a sense of that law which they have violated, and to
+participation of that mercy which they have abused; so that they may
+happily find, while the discovery can be attended with consolation, that
+_doubtless there is a reward for the righteous; verify, there is a_ GOD
+_who judgeth the earth_.
+
+
+THE END.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote B: See his Speech, enumerating their intended projects.]
+
+[Footnote C: See the Collection of Addresses from England, &c.
+Published by Mr. Mc. KENZIE, _College Green_, DUBLIN.]
+
+[Footnote D: See the Report of Mr. Pitt's Speech in the House of
+Commons on Feb. 12, 1793.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Transcriber's note
+
+
+Printer errors have been changed and are listed below. All other
+inconsistencies are as in the original.
+
+Characters that could not be displayed directly in Latin-1 are
+transcribed as follows:
+
+_ - italics
+
+
+The following changes have been made to the text:
+
+Page 18: Changed "involve their religous" to "involve their religious".
+
+Page 18: Changed "in order to which they" to "in order to do which
+they".
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Considerations on Religion and Public
+Education, by Hannah More
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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Considerations on Religion and Public Education by Hannah More.
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Considerations on Religion and Public
+Education, by Hannah More
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Considerations on Religion and Public Education
+
+Author: Hannah More
+
+Release Date: October 17, 2011 [EBook #37774]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CONSIDERATIONS ON RELIGION ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Carla Foust, Joseph Cooper and
+the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+
+<h1>CONSIDERATIONS<br />
+ON<br />
+RELIGION <span class="smcap">and Public</span> EDUCATION,</h1>
+<p class="fm4">WITH</p>
+<p class="fm2">REMARKS</p>
+<p class="fm3">ON THE <i>SPEECH</i> OF</p>
+<p class="fm2"><i>M. DUPONT</i>,</p>
+<p class="fm4">DELIVERED IN THE</p>
+<p class="fm3">NATIONAL CONVENTION</p>
+<p class="fm4">OF</p>
+<p class="fm2">FRANCE.</p>
+<p class="fm4">TOGETHER WITH</p>
+<p class="fm3"><span class="smcap">an</span> ADDRESS <span class="smcap">to the</span> LADIES, &amp;c.</p>
+<p class="fm4">OF</p>
+<p class="fm3"><i>GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND</i>.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/i_001a.png" width="500" height="42" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p class="fm2"><span class="smcap">By</span> HANNAH MORE.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/i_001a.png" width="500" height="42" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p class="fm3">FIRST <i>AMERICAN</i> EDITION.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 40%;" />
+<p class="fm3"><span class="smcap">PRINTED at <i>BOSTON</i></span>,</p>
+<p class="fm2"><span class="smcap">by</span> WELD <span class="smcap">and</span> GREENOUGH.</p>
+<p class="fm4"><span class="smcap">Sold</span> at the <span class="smcap">Magazine Office</span>, No. 49, State Street.<br />
+MDCCXCIV.</p>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_003a.png" width="600" height="236" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h2>A PREFATORY ADDRESS TO THE LADIES, &amp;c. of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, IN
+BEHALF OF THE FRENCH EMIGRANT CLERGY.</h2>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 292px;">
+<img src="images/i_003b.png" width="292" height="42" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p>If it be allowed that there may arise occasions so extraordinary, that
+all the lesser motives of delicacy ought to vanish before them; it is
+presumed that the present emergency will in some measure justify the
+hardiness of an Address from a private individual, who, stimulated by
+the urgency of the case, sacrifices inferior considerations to the
+ardent desire of raising further supplies towards relieving a distress
+as pressing as it is unexampled.</p>
+
+<p>We are informed by public advertisement, that the large sums already so
+liberally subscribed for the Emigrant Clergy, are almost exhausted.
+Authentic information adds, that multitudes of distressed Exiles in the
+island of Jersey, are on the point of wanting bread.</p>
+
+<p>Very many to whom this address is made have already contributed. O let
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span>them not be weary in well-doing! Many are making generous exertions for
+the just and natural claims of the widows and children of our brave
+seamen and soldiers. Let it not be said, that the present is an
+<i>interfering</i> claim. Those to whom I write, have bread enough, and to
+spare. You, who fare sumptuously every day, and yet complain you have
+little to bestow, let not this bounty be subtracted from another bounty,
+but rather from some superfluous expense.</p>
+
+<p>The beneficent and right minded want no arguments to be pressed upon
+them; but I write to those of every description. Luxurious habits of
+living, which really furnish the distressed with the fairest grounds for
+application, are too often urged as a motive for withholding assistance,
+and produced as a plea for having little to spare. Let her who indulges
+such habits, and pleads such excuses in consequence, reflect, that by
+retrenching <i>one</i> costly dish from her abundant table, the superfluities
+of <i>one</i> expensive desert, <i>one</i> evening's public amusement, she may
+furnish at least a week's subsistence to more than one person,<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> as
+liberally bred perhaps as herself, and who, in his own country, may have
+often tasted how much more blessed it is to give than to receive&mdash;to a
+minister of God, who has been long accustomed to bestow the necessaries
+he is now reduced to solicit.</p>
+
+<p>Even your young daughters, whom maternal prudence has not yet furnished
+with the means of bestowing, may be cheaply taught the first rudiments
+of charity, together with an important lesson of economy: They may be
+taught to sacrifice a feather, a set of ribbons, an expensive ornament,
+an idle diversion. And if they are thus instructed, that there is no
+true charity without self denial, they will <i>gain</i> more than they are
+called upon to <i>give</i>: For the suppression of one luxury for a
+charitable purpose, is the exercise of two virtues, and this without any
+pecuniary expense.</p>
+
+<p>Let the sick and afflicted remember how dreadful it must be, to be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span>
+exposed to sufferings, without one of the alleviations which mitigate
+<i>their</i> affliction. How dreadful it is to be without comforts, without
+necessaries, without a home&mdash;<i>without a country</i>! While the gay and
+prosperous would do well to recollect, how suddenly and terribly those
+for whom we plead, were, by the surprising vicissitudes of life, thrown
+from equal heights of gaiety and prosperity. And let those who have
+husbands, fathers, sons, brothers, or friends, reflect on the
+uncertainties of war, and the revolution of human affairs. It is only by
+imagining the possibility of those who are dear to us being placed in
+the same calamitous circumstances, that we can obtain an adequate
+feeling of the woes we are called upon to commiserate.</p>
+
+<p>In a distress so wide and comprehensive, many are prevented from giving
+by that common excuse&mdash;"That it is but a drop of water in the ocean."
+But let them reflect, that if all the individual drops were withheld,
+there would be no ocean at all; and the inability to give much ought
+not, on any occasion, to be converted into an excuse for giving nothing.
+Even moderate circumstances need not plead an exemption. The industrious
+tradesman will not, even in a political view, be eventually a loser by
+his small contribution. The money raised is neither carried out of our
+country, nor dissipated in luxuries, but returns again to the community;
+to our shops and to our markets, to procure the bare necessaries of
+life.</p>
+
+<p>Some have objected to the difference of <i>religion</i> of those for whom we
+solicit. Such an objection hardly deserves a serious answer. Surely if
+the superstitious Tartar hopes to become possessed of the courage and
+talents of the enemy he slays, the Christian is not afraid of catching,
+or of propagating the error of the sufferer he relieves.&mdash;Christian
+charity is of no party. We plead not for their faith, but for their
+wants. And let the more scrupulous, who look for desert as well as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span>
+distress in the objects of their bounty, bear in mind, that if these men
+could have sacrificed their conscience to their convenience, they had
+not now been in this country. Let us shew them the purity of <i>our</i>
+religion, by the beneficence of our actions.</p>
+
+<p>If you will permit me to press upon you such high motives (and it were
+to be wished that in every action we were to be influenced by the
+highest) perhaps no act of bounty to which you may be called out, can
+ever come so immediately under that solemn and affecting description,
+which will be recorded in the great day of account&mdash;<i>I was a stranger
+and ye took me in</i>.&mdash;&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 292px;">
+<img src="images/i_006.png" width="292" height="53" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_007a.png" width="600" height="205" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><i>The following is an exact Translation from a</i> SPEECH <i>made in the
+National Convention at Paris, on Friday the 14th of December, 1792, in a
+Debate on the Subject of establishing Public Schools for the Education
+of Youth, by Citizen</i> <span class="smcap">Dupont</span>, <i>a Member of considerable Weight; and as
+the Doctrines contained in it were received with unanimous Applause,
+except from two or three of the Clergy, it may be fairly considered as
+an Exposition of the Creed of that Enlightened Assembly. Translated
+from</i> Le Moniteur <i>of Sunday the 16th of December, 1792</i>.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 292px;">
+<img src="images/i_007b.png" width="292" height="58" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>What! Thrones are overturned! Sceptres broken! Kings expire! And yet the
+Altars of <span class="smcap">God</span> remain! (Here there is a murmur from some Members; and the
+Abbé <span class="smcap">Ichon</span> demands that the person speaking may be called to order.)
+Tyrants, in outrage to nature, continue to burn an impious incense on
+those Altars! (Some murmurs arise, but they are lost in the applauses
+from the majority of the Assembly.) The Thrones that have been reversed,
+have left these Altars naked, unsupported, and tottering. A single
+breath of enlightened reason will now be sufficient to make them
+disappear; and if humanity is under obligations to the French nation for
+the first of these benefits, the fall of Kings, can it be doubted but
+that the French people, now sovereign, will be wise enough, in like
+manner, to overthrow those Altars and <i>those Idols</i> to which those Kings
+have hitherto made them subject? <i>Nature</i> and <i>Reason</i>, these<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span> ought to
+be the gods of men! These are my gods! (Here the Abbé <span class="smcap">Audrein</span> cried out,
+"There is no bearing this;" and rushed out of the Assembly.&mdash;A great
+laugh.) Admire <i>nature</i>&mdash;cultivate <i>reason</i>. And you, Legislators, if
+you desire that the French people should be happy, make haste to
+propagate these principles, and to teach them in your primary schools,
+instead of those fanatical principles which have hitherto been taught.
+The tyranny of Kings was confined to make their people miserable in this
+life&mdash;but those other tyrants, the Priests, extend their dominion into
+another, of which they have no other idea than of eternal punishments; a
+doctrine which some men have hitherto had the good nature to believe.
+But the moment of the catastrophe is come&mdash;all these prejudices must
+fall at the same time. <i>We must destroy them, or they will destroy
+us.</i>&mdash;For myself, I honestly avow to the Convention, <i>I am an atheist</i>!
+(Here there is some noise and tumult. But a great number of members cry
+out, "What is that to us&mdash;you are an honest man!") But I defy a single
+individual, among the twenty-four millions of Frenchmen, to make against
+me any well grounded reproach. I doubt whether the Christians, or the
+Catholics, of which the last speaker, and those of his opinion, have
+been talking to us, can make the same challenge.&mdash;(Great applauses.)
+There is another consideration&mdash;Paris has had great losses. It has been
+deprived of the commerce of luxury; of that factitious splendour which
+was found at courts, and invited strangers hither. Well! We must repair
+these losses.&mdash;Let me then represent to you the times, that are fast
+approaching, when our philosophers, whose names are celebrated
+throughout Europe, <span class="smcap">Petion</span>, <span class="smcap">Syeyes</span>, <span class="smcap">Condorcet</span>, and others&mdash;surrounded in
+our Pantheon, as the Greek philosophers where at Athens, with a crowd of
+disciples coming from all parts of Europe, walking like the
+Peripatetics, and teaching&mdash;this man, the system of the universe, and
+developing the progress of all human knowledge; that, perfectioning<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span> the
+social system, and shewing in our decree of the 17th of June, 1789, the
+seeds of the insurrections of the 14th of July and the 10th of August,
+and of all those insurrections which are spreading with such rapidity
+throughout Europe&mdash;So that these young strangers, on their return to
+their respective countries, may spread the same lights, and may operate,
+<i>for the happiness of Mankind</i>, similar revolutions throughout the
+world.</p>
+
+<p>(Numberless applauses arose, almost throughout the whole Assembly, and
+in the Galleries.)</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 294px;">
+<img src="images/i_009.png" width="294" height="77" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> Mr. Bowdler's letter states, that about Six Shillings a
+week included the expenses of each Priest at Winchester.</p></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_010a.png" width="600" height="223" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h2>REMARKS</h2>
+
+<h2>ON THE</h2>
+
+<h2>SPEECH of Mr. DUPONT,</h2>
+
+<h2>ON THE SUBJECTS OF</h2>
+
+<h2>Religion and Public Education.</h2>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 292px;">
+<img src="images/i_010b.png" width="292" height="48" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p>It is presumed that it may not be thought unseasonable at this critical
+time to offer to the Public, and especially to the more religious part
+of it, a few slight observations, occasioned by the late famous Speech
+of Mr. Dupont, which exhibits the Confession of Faith of a considerable
+Member of the French National Convention. Though the Speech itself has
+been pretty generally read, yet it was thought necessary to perfix it to
+these Remarks, lest such as have not already perused it, might, from an
+honest reluctance to credit the existence of such principles, dispute
+its authenticity, and accuse the remarks, if unaccompanied by the
+Speech, of a spirit of invective and unfair exaggeration. At the same
+time it must be confessed, that its impiety is so monstrous, that many
+good men were of opinion it ought not to be made familiar to the minds
+of Englishmen; for there are crimes with which even the imagination
+should never come in contact.</p>
+
+<p>But as an ancient nation intoxicated their slaves, and then exposed them<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span>
+before their children, in order to increase their horror of
+intemperance; so it is hoped that this piece of impiety may be placed in
+such a light before the eyes of the Christian reader, that, in
+proportion as his detestation is raised, his faith, instead of being
+shaken, will be only so much the more strengthened.</p>
+
+<p>This celebrated Speech, though delivered in an assembly of Politicians,
+is not on a question of politics, but on one as superior as the soul is
+to the body, and eternity to time. The object here, is not to dethrone
+kings, but HIM by whom kings reign. It does not here excite the cry of
+indignation that <i>Louis</i> reigns, but that <i>the Lord God omnipotent
+reigneth</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Nor is this the declaration of some obscure and anonymous person, but an
+exposition of the Creed of a public Leader. It is not a sentiment hinted
+in a journal, hazarded in a pamphlet, or thrown out at a disputing club:
+but it is the implied faith of the rulers of a great nation.</p>
+
+<p>Little notice would have been due to this famous Speech, if it had
+conveyed the sentiments of only <i>one</i> vain orator; but it should be
+observed, that it was heard, received, <i>applauded</i>, with two or three
+exceptions only&mdash;a fact, which you, who have scarcely believed in the
+existence of atheism, will hardly credit, and which, for the honour of
+the eighteenth century, it is hoped that our posterity, being still more
+unacquainted with such corrupt opinions, will reject as totally
+incredible.</p>
+
+<p>A love of liberty, generous in its principle, inclines some good men
+still to savour the proceedings of the National Convention of France.
+They do not yet perceive that the licentious wildness which has been
+excited in that country, is destructive of all true happiness, and no
+more resemble liberty, than the tumultuous joys of the drunkard,
+resemble the cheerfulness of a sober and well regulated mind.</p>
+
+<p>To those who do not know of what strange inconsistences man is made up;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span>
+who have not considered how some persons, having at first been hastily
+and heedlessly drawn in as approvers, by a sort of natural progression,
+soon become principals;&mdash;to those who have never observed by what a
+variety of strange associations in the mind, opinions that seem the most
+irreconcileable meet at some unsuspected turning, and come to be united
+in the same man;&mdash;to all such it may appear quite incredible, that well
+meaning and even pious people should continue to applaud the principles
+of a set of men who have publicly made known their intention of
+abolishing Christianity, as far as the demolition of altars, priests,
+temples, and institutions, <i>can</i> abolish it; and as to the religion
+itself, this also they may traduce, and for their own part reject, but
+we know, from the comfortable promise of an authority still sacred in
+this country at least, that <i>the gates of hell shall not prevail against
+it</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Let me not be misunderstood by those to whom these slight remarks are
+principally addressed; that class of well intentioned people, who favour
+at least, if they do not adopt, the prevailing sentiments of the new
+Republic. You are not here accused of being the wilful abetters of
+infidelity. God forbid! "we are persuaded better things of you, and
+things which accompany salvation." But this <i>ignis fatuus</i> of liberty
+and universal brotherhood, which the French are madly pursuing, with the
+insignia of freedom in one hand, and the bloody bayonet in the other,
+has bewitched your senses, and is in danger of misleading your steps.
+You are gazing at a meteor raised by the vapours of vanity, which these
+wild and infatuated wanderers are pursuing to their destruction; and
+though for a moment you mistake it for a heaven-born light, which leads
+to the perfection of human freedom, you will, should you join in the mad
+pursuit, soon discover that it will conduct you over dreary wilds and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>
+sinking bogs, only to plunge you in deep and inevitable ruin.</p>
+
+<p>Much, very much is to be said in vindication of your favouring in the
+first instance their political projects. The cause they took in hand
+seemed to be the great cause of human kind. Its very name insured its
+popularity. What English heart did not exult at the demolition of the
+Bastile? What lover of his species did not triumph in the warm hope,
+that one of the finest countries in the world would soon be one of the
+most free? Popery and despotism, though chained by the gentle influence
+of Louis XVIth, had actually slain their thousands. Little was it then
+imagined, that anarchy and atheism, the monsters who were about to
+succeed them, would soon slay their ten thousands. If we cannot regret
+the defeat of the two former tyrants, what must they be who can triumph
+in the mischiefs of the two latter? Who, I say, that had a head to
+reason, or a heart to feel, did not glow with hope, that from the ruins
+of tyranny, and the rubbish of popery, a beautiful and finely framed
+edifice would in time have been constructed, and that ours would not
+have been the only country in which the patriot's fair idea of well
+understood liberty, and of the most pure and reasonable, as well as the
+most sublime and exalted Christianity might be realized?</p>
+
+<p>But, alas! it frequently happens that the wise and good are not the most
+adventurous in attacking the mischiefs which they perceive and lament.
+With a timidity in some respects virtuous, they fear attempting any
+thing which may possible aggravate the evils they deplore, or put to
+hazard the blessings they already enjoy. They dread plucking up the
+wheat with the tares, and are rather apt, with a spirit of hopeless
+resignation,</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"To bear the ills they have,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">"Than fly to others that they know not of."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>While sober minded and considerate men, therefore, sat mourning over
+this complicated mass of er<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span>ror, and waited till God, in his own good
+time, should open the blind eyes; the vast scheme of reformation was
+left to that set of rash and presumptuous adventurers, who are generally
+watching how they may convert public grievances to their own personal
+account. It was undertaken, not upon the broad basis of a wise and well
+digested scheme, of which all the parts should contribute to the
+perfection of one consistent whole: It was carried on, not by those
+steady measures, founded on rational deliberation, which are calculated
+to accomplish so important an end; not with a temperance which indicated
+a sober love of law, or a sacred regard for religion; but with the most
+extravagant lust of power, and the most inordinate vanity which perhaps
+ever instigated human measures; a lust of power which threatens to
+extend its desolating influence over the whole globe; a vanity of the
+same destructive species with that which stimulated the celebrated
+incendiary of Ephesus, who being weary of his native obscurity and
+insignificance, and prefering infamy to oblivion, could contrive no
+other road to fame and immortality, than that of setting fire to the
+exquisite Temple of Diana. He was remembered indeed, as he desired to
+be, but only to be execrated; while the seventh wonder of the world lay
+prostrate through his crime.</p>
+
+<p>It is the same over ruling vanity which operates in their politics, and
+in their religion, which makes Kersaint<a name="FNanchor_B_2" id="FNanchor_B_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_2" class="fnanchor">[B]</a> boast of carrying his
+destructive projects from the Tagus to the Brazils, and from Mexico to
+the shores of the Ganges; which makes him menace to outstrip the
+enterprises of the most extravagant hero of romance, and almost
+undertake with the marvelous celerity of the nimbly footed Puck,</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"To put a girdle round about the earth<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">"In forty minutes."&mdash;&mdash;<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>It is the same vanity, still the master passion in the bosom of a
+Frenchman, which leads Dupont and <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span>Manuel to undertake in their orations
+to abolish the Sabbath, exterminate the Priesthood, erect a Pantheon for
+the World, restore the Peripatetic Philosophy, and in short revive every
+thing of ancient Greece, except the pure taste, the wisdom, the love of
+virtue, the veneration of the laws, and that degree of reverence which
+even virtuous Pagans professed for the Deity.</p>
+
+<p>It is surely to be charged to the inadequate and wretched hands into
+which the work of reformation fell, and not to the impossibility of
+amending the civil and religious institutions of France, that all has
+succeeded so ill. It cannot be denied, perhaps, that a reforming spirit
+was wanted in that country; their government was not more despotic, than
+their church was superstitious and corrupt.</p>
+
+<p>But though this is readily granted, and though it may be unfair to blame
+those who in the <i>first outset</i> of the French Revolution, rejoiced even
+on religious motives; yet it is astonishing, how any pious person, even
+with all the blinding power of prejudice, can think without horror of
+the <i>present</i> state of France. It is no less wonderful how any rational
+man could, even in the beginning of the Revolution; transfer that
+reasoning, however just it might be, when applied to France, to the case
+of England. For what can be more unreasonable, than to draw from
+different, and even opposite premises, the same conclusion? Must a
+revolution be equally necessary in the case of two sorts of Government,
+and two sorts of Religion, which are the very reverse of each other?
+opposite in their genius, unlike in their fundamental principles, and
+widely different in each of their component parts.</p>
+
+<p>That despotism, priestcraft, intolerance, and superstition, are terrible
+evils, no candid Christian it is presumed will deny; but, blessed be
+God, though these mischiefs are not yet entirely banished from the face
+of the earth, they have scarcely any existence in this country.</p>
+
+<p>To guard against a real danger, and to cure actual abuses, of which the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>
+existence has been first plainly proved, by the application of a
+suitable remedy, requires diligence as well as courage; observation as
+well as genius; patience and temperance as well as zeal and spirit. It
+requires the union of that clear head and sound heart which constitute
+the true patriot. But to conjure up fancied evils, or even greatly to
+aggravate real ones, and then to exhaust our labour in combating them,
+is the characteristic of a distempered imagination and an ungoverned
+spirit.</p>
+
+<p>Romantic crusades, the ordeal trial, drowning of witches, the torture,
+and the Inquisition, have been justly reprobated as the foulest stain of
+the respective periods, in which, to the disgrace of human reason, they
+existed; but would any man be rationally employed, who should now stand
+up gravely to declaim against these as the predominating mischiefs of
+the present century? Even the whimsical Knight of La Mancha himself,
+would not fight wind mills that were pulled down; yet I will venture to
+say, that the above named evils are at present little more chimerical
+than some of those now so bitterly complained of among us. It is not, as
+Dryden said, when one of his works was unmercifully abused, that the
+piece has not faults enough in it, but the critics have not had the wit
+to fix upon the right ones.</p>
+
+<p>It is allowed that, as a nation, we have faults enough, but our
+political critics err in the objects of their censure. They say little
+of those real and pressing evils resulting from our own corruption,
+which constitute the actual miseries of life; while they gloomily
+speculate upon a thousand imaginary political grievances, and fancy that
+the reformation of our rulers and our legislators is all that is wanting
+to make us a happy people.</p>
+
+<p>The principles of just and equitable government were, perhaps, never
+more fully established, nor public justice more exactly administered.
+Pure and un<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span>defiled religion was never laid more open to all, than at
+this day. I wish I could say we were a religious people; but this at
+least may be safely asserted, that the great truths of religion were
+never better understood; that Christianity was never more completely
+stripped from all its incumbrances and disguises, or more thoroughly
+purged from human infusions, and whatever is debasing in human
+institutions.</p>
+
+<p>Let us in this yet happy country, learn at least one great and important
+truth, from the errors of this distracted people. Their conduct has
+awfully illustrated a position, which is not the less sound for having
+been often controverted, That no degree of wit and learning; no progress
+in commerce; no advances in the knowledge of nature, or in the
+embellishments of art, can ever thoroughly tame that savage, the natural
+human heart, without <span class="smcap">RELIGION</span>. The arts of social life may give a
+sweetness to the manners and language, and induce, in some degree, a
+love of justice, truth, and humanity; but attainments derived from such
+inferior causes are no more than the semblance and the shadow of the
+qualities derived from pure Christianity. Varnish is an extraneous
+ornament, but true polish is a proof of the solidity of the body; it
+depends greatly on the nature of the substance, is not superinduced by
+accidental causes, but in a good measure proceeding from internal
+soundness.</p>
+
+<p>The poets of that country, whose style, sentiments, manners, and
+religion the French so affectedly labour to imitate, have left keen and
+biting satires on the Roman vices. Against the late proceedings in
+France, no satirist need employ his pen; that of the historian will be
+quite sufficient. Fact will put fable out of countenance; and the crimes
+which are usually held up to our abhorrence in works of invention, will
+be regarded as flat and feeble by those who shall peruse the records of
+the tenth of August, of the second and third of September, and of the
+twenty first of January.</p>
+
+<p>If the same astonishing degeneracy in taste, principle, and practice,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span>
+should ever come to flourish among us, Britons may still live to exult
+in the desolation of her cities, and in the destruction of her finest
+monuments of art; she may triumph in the peopling of the fortresses of
+her rocks and her forests; may exult in being once more restored to that
+glorious state of <i>liberty and equality</i>, when all subsisted by rapine
+and the chace; when all, O enviable privilege! were equally savage,
+equally indigent, and equally naked; may extol it as the restoration of
+reason, and the triumph of nature, that they are again brought to feed
+on acorns, instead of bread. Groves of consecrated misletoe may happily
+succeed to useless corn fields; and Thor and Woden may hope once more to
+be invested with all their bloody honours.</p>
+
+<p>Let not any serious readers feel indignation, as if pains were
+ungenerously taken to involve their religious, with their political
+opinions. Far be it from me to wound, unnecessarily, the feelings of
+people whom I so sincerely esteem; but it is much to be suspected, that
+certain opinions in politics have a tendency to lead to certain opinions
+in religion. Where so much is at stake, they will do well to keep their
+consciences tender, in order to do which they should try to keep their
+discernment acute. They will do well to observe, that the same restless
+spirit of innovation is busily operating under various, though seemingly
+unconnected forms. To observe, that the same impatience of restraint,
+the same contempt of order, peace, and subordination, which makes men
+bad citizens, makes them bad Christians; and that to this secret, but
+almost infallible connexion between religious and political sentiment,
+does France owe her present unparalleled anarchy and impiety.</p>
+
+<p>There are doubtless in that unhappy country multitudes of virtuous and
+reasonable men, who rather silently acquiesce in the authority of their
+present turbulent government, than embrace its principles or<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span> promote
+its projects from the sober conviction of their own judgment. These,
+together with those conscientious exiles whom this nation so honourably
+protects, may yet live to rejoice in the restoration of true liberty and
+solid peace to their native country, when light and order shall spring
+from the present darkness and confusion, and the reign of chaos shall be
+no more.</p>
+
+<p>May I be permitted a short digression on the subject of those exiles? It
+shall only be to remark, that all the boasted conquests of our Edwards
+and our Henrys over the French nation, do not confer such substantial
+glory on our own country, as she derives from having received,
+protected, and supported, among multitudes of other sufferers, at a time
+and under circumstances so peculiarly disadvantageous to herself, <i>three
+thousand priests</i>, of a nation habitually her enemy, and of a religion
+intolerant and hostile to her own. This is the solid triumph of true
+Christianity; and it is worth remarking, that the deeds which poets and
+historians celebrate as rare and splendid actions, and sublime instances
+of greatness of soul, in the heroes of the Pagan world, are but the
+ordinary and habitual virtues which occur in the common course of action
+among Christians; quietly performed without effort or exertion, and with
+no view to renown; but resulting naturally and necessarily from the
+religion they profess.</p>
+
+<p>So predominating is the power of an example we have once admired, and
+set up as a standard of imitation, and so fascinating has been the
+ascendency of the Convention over the minds of those whose approbation
+of French politics commenced in the earlier periods of the Revolution,
+that it extends to the most trivial circumstances. I cannot forbear to
+notice this in an instance, which, though inconsiderable in itself, yet
+ceases to be so when we view it in the light of a symptom of the
+reigning disease.</p>
+
+<p>While the fantastic phraseology of the new Republic is such, as to be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span>
+almost as disgusting to sound taste, as their doctrines are to sound
+morals, it is curious to observe how deeply the addresses, which have
+been sent to it from the Clubs<a name="FNanchor_C_3" id="FNanchor_C_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_C_3" class="fnanchor">[C]</a> in this country, have been infected
+with it, as far at least as phrases and terms are objects of imitation.
+In other respects, it is but justice to the French Convention to
+confess, that they are hitherto without rivals and without imitators;
+for who can aspire to emulate that compound of anarchy and atheism which
+in their debates is mixed up with the pedantry of school boys, the
+jargon of a cabal, and the vulgarity and ill-breeding of a mob? One
+instance of the prevailing cant may suffice, where an hundred might be
+adduced; and it is not the most exceptionable.&mdash;To demolish every
+existing law and establishment; to destroy the fortunes and ruin the
+principles of every country into which they are carrying their
+destructive arms and their frantic doctrines; to untie or cut asunder
+every bond which holds society together; to impose their own arbitrary
+shackles where they succeed, and to demolish every thing where they
+fail.&mdash;This desolating system, by a most unaccountable perversion of
+language, they are pleased to call by the endearing name of
+<i>fraternization</i>; and fraternization is one of the favourite terms which
+their admirers have adopted. Little would a simple stranger, uninitiated
+in this new and surprising dialect, imagine that the peaceful terms of
+fellow-citizen and of brother, the winning offer of freedom and
+happiness, and the warm embrace of fraternity, were only watch-words by
+which they in effect,</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i5">Cry havoc,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And let slip the dogs of war.<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>In numberless other instances, the fashionable language of France at
+this day would be as unintelligible to the correct writers of the age of
+Louis the XIVth, as their fashionable notions of liberty would be
+irreconcileable <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span>with those of the true Revolution Patriots of his great
+contemporary and victorious rival, William the Third.</p>
+
+<p>Such is indeed their puerile rage for novelty in the invention of new
+words, and the perversion of their taste in the use of old ones, that
+the celebrated Vossius, whom Christine of Sweden oddly complimented by
+saying, that he was so learned as not only to know whence all words
+came, but whither they were going, would, <i>were he admitted to the
+honours of a sitting</i>, be obliged to confess, that he was equally
+puzzled to tell the one, or to foretel the other.</p>
+
+<p>If it shall please the Almighty in his anger to let loose this
+infatuated people, as a scourge for the iniquities of the human race; if
+they are delegated by infinite justice to act, as storm and tempest
+fulfilling his word; if they are commissioned to perform the errand of
+the destroying lightning or the avenging thunder-bolt, let us try at
+least to extract personal benefit from national calamity; let every one
+of us, high and low, rich and poor, enter upon this serious and humbling
+inquiry, how much his own individual offences have contributed to that
+awful aggregate of public guilt, which has required such a visitation.
+Let us carefully examine in what proportion we have separately added to
+that common stock of abounding iniquity, the description of which formed
+the character of an ancient nation, and is so peculiarly applicable to
+our own&mdash;<i>Pride, fulness of bread, and abundance of idleness</i>. Let every
+one of us humbly inquire, in the self-suspecting language of the
+disciples to their Divine Master&mdash;<i>Lord, is it I?</i> Let us learn to fear
+the fleets and armies of the enemy, much less than those iniquities at
+home which this alarming dispensation may be intended to chastize.</p>
+
+<p>The war which the French have declared against us, is of a kind
+altogether unexampled in every respect; insomuch that human wisdom is
+baffled when it would pretend to conjecture what may be the event.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> But
+this at least we may safely say, that it is not so much the force of
+French bayonets, as the contamination of French principles, that ought
+to excite our apprehensions. We trust, that through the blessing of <span class="smcap">God</span>
+we shall be defended from their open hostilities, by the temperate
+wisdom of our Rulers, and the bravery of our fleets and armies; but the
+domestic danger arising from licentious and irreligious principles among
+ourselves, can only be guarded against by the personal care and
+vigilance of every one of us who values religion and the good order of
+society.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">God</span> grant that those who go forth to fight our battles, instead of being
+intimidated by the number of their enemies, may bear in mind, that
+"there is no restraint with <span class="smcap">God</span> to save by many or by few." And let the
+meanest of us who remains at home remember also, that even he may
+contribute to the internal safety of his country, by the integrity of
+his private life, and to the success of her defenders, by following them
+with his fervent prayers. And in what war can the sincere Christian ever
+have stronger inducements to pray for the success of his country, than
+in this? Without entering far into any political principles, the
+discussion of which would be in a great measure foreign to the design of
+this little tract, it may be remarked, that the unchristian principle of
+revenge is not our motive to this war; conquest is not our object; nor
+have we had recourse to hostility, in order to effect a change in the
+internal government of France<a name="FNanchor_D_4" id="FNanchor_D_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_D_4" class="fnanchor">[D]</a>. The present war is undoubtedly
+undertaken entirely on defensive principles. It is in defence of our
+King, our Constitution, our Religion, our Laws, and consequently our
+<i>Liberty</i>, in the sound and rational sense of that term. It is to defend
+ourselves from the savage violence of a crusade, made against all
+Religion, as well as all Government. If ever therefore a war was
+undertaken on the ground of self-defence and necessity&mdash;if ever men
+might be literally<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span> said to fight <i>pro</i> ARIS <i>et focis</i>, this seems to
+be the occasion.</p>
+
+<p>The ambition of conquerors has been the source of great and extensive
+evils: Religious fanaticism of still greater. But little as I am
+disposed to become the apologist of either the one principle or the
+other, there is no extravagance in asserting, that they have seemed
+incapable of producing, even in ages, that extent of mischief, that
+comprehensive desolation, which <i>philosophy, falsely so called</i>, has
+produced in three years.</p>
+
+<p>Christians! it is not a small thing&mdash;it is <i>your life</i>. The pestilence
+of irreligion which you detest, will insinuate itself imperceptibly with
+those manners, phrases, and principles which you admire and adopt. It is
+the humble wisdom of a Christian, to shrink from the most distant
+approaches to sin, to abstain from the very appearance of evil. If we
+would fly from the deadly contagion of Atheism, let us fly from those
+seemingly remote, but not very indirect paths which lead to it. Let
+France choose this day whom she will serve; <i>but, as for us and our
+houses, we will serve the Lord</i>.</p>
+
+<p>And, O gracious and long suffering God! before that awful period
+arrives, which shall exhibit the dreadful effects of such an education
+as the French nation are instituting; before a race of men can be
+trained up, not only without the knowledge of <span class="smcap">THEE</span>, but in the contempt
+of <span class="smcap">THY</span> most holy law, do <span class="smcap">THOU</span>, in great mercy, change the heart of this
+people as the heart of one man. Give them not finally over to their own
+corrupt imaginations, to their own heart's lusts. But after having made
+them a fearful example to all the nations of the earth, what a people
+<i>can</i> do, who have cast off the fear of <span class="smcap">THEE</span>, do <span class="smcap">THOU</span> graciously bring
+them back to a sense of that law which they have violated, and to
+participation of that mercy which they have abused; so that they may
+happily find, while the discovery can be attended with consolation, that
+<i>doubtless there is a reward for the righteous; verify, there is a</i> <span class="smcap">God</span>
+<i>who judgeth the earth</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h3>THE END.</h3>
+
+<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_B_2" id="Footnote_B_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_B_2"><span class="label">[B]</span></a> See his Speech, enumerating their intended projects.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_C_3" id="Footnote_C_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_C_3"><span class="label">[C]</span></a> See the Collection of Addresses from England, &amp;c.
+Published by Mr. Mc. KENZIE, <i>College Green</i>, <span class="smcap">Dublin</span>.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_D_4" id="Footnote_D_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_D_4"><span class="label">[D]</span></a> See the Report of Mr. Pitt's Speech in the House of
+Commons on Feb. 12, 1793.</p></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<div class="transnote">
+<h3>Transcriber's note<a name="tnotes" id="tnotes"></a></h3>
+<p>Printer errors have been changed and are listed below. All other
+inconsistencies are as in the original.</p>
+
+
+The following changes have been made to the text:
+
+<p>Page 18: Changed "involve their religous" to "involve their religious".</p>
+
+<p>Page 18: Changed "in order to which they" to "in order to do which
+they".</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Considerations on Religion and Public
+Education, by Hannah More
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+</body>
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@@ -0,0 +1,1097 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Considerations on Religion and Public
+Education, by Hannah More
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Considerations on Religion and Public Education
+
+Author: Hannah More
+
+Release Date: October 17, 2011 [EBook #37774]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CONSIDERATIONS ON RELIGION ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Carla Foust, Joseph Cooper and
+the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+    CONSIDERATIONS
+    ON
+    RELIGION AND PUBLIC EDUCATION,
+    WITH
+    REMARKS
+    ON THE _SPEECH_ OF
+    _M. DUPONT_,
+    DELIVERED IN THE
+    NATIONAL CONVENTION
+    OF
+    FRANCE.
+    TOGETHER WITH
+    AN ADDRESS TO THE LADIES, &c.
+    OF
+    _GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND_.
+
+    [Decoration]
+
+    BY HANNAH MORE.
+
+    FIRST _AMERICAN_ EDITION.
+
+    PRINTED AT _BOSTON_,
+    BY WELD AND GREENOUGH.
+    SOLD at the MAGAZINE OFFICE, No. 49, State Street.
+    MDCCXCIV.
+
+
+
+
+[Decoration]
+
+A PREFATORY ADDRESS TO THE LADIES, &c. of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, IN
+BEHALF OF THE FRENCH EMIGRANT CLERGY.
+
+[Decoration]
+
+
+If it be allowed that there may arise occasions so extraordinary, that
+all the lesser motives of delicacy ought to vanish before them; it is
+presumed that the present emergency will in some measure justify the
+hardiness of an Address from a private individual, who, stimulated by
+the urgency of the case, sacrifices inferior considerations to the
+ardent desire of raising further supplies towards relieving a distress
+as pressing as it is unexampled.
+
+We are informed by public advertisement, that the large sums already so
+liberally subscribed for the Emigrant Clergy, are almost exhausted.
+Authentic information adds, that multitudes of distressed Exiles in the
+island of Jersey, are on the point of wanting bread.
+
+Very many to whom this address is made have already contributed. O let
+them not be weary in well-doing! Many are making generous exertions for
+the just and natural claims of the widows and children of our brave
+seamen and soldiers. Let it not be said, that the present is an
+_interfering_ claim. Those to whom I write, have bread enough, and to
+spare. You, who fare sumptuously every day, and yet complain you have
+little to bestow, let not this bounty be subtracted from another bounty,
+but rather from some superfluous expense.
+
+The beneficent and right minded want no arguments to be pressed upon
+them; but I write to those of every description. Luxurious habits of
+living, which really furnish the distressed with the fairest grounds for
+application, are too often urged as a motive for withholding assistance,
+and produced as a plea for having little to spare. Let her who indulges
+such habits, and pleads such excuses in consequence, reflect, that by
+retrenching _one_ costly dish from her abundant table, the superfluities
+of _one_ expensive desert, _one_ evening's public amusement, she may
+furnish at least a week's subsistence to more than one person,[A] as
+liberally bred perhaps as herself, and who, in his own country, may have
+often tasted how much more blessed it is to give than to receive--to a
+minister of God, who has been long accustomed to bestow the necessaries
+he is now reduced to solicit.
+
+Even your young daughters, whom maternal prudence has not yet furnished
+with the means of bestowing, may be cheaply taught the first rudiments
+of charity, together with an important lesson of economy: They may be
+taught to sacrifice a feather, a set of ribbons, an expensive ornament,
+an idle diversion. And if they are thus instructed, that there is no
+true charity without self denial, they will _gain_ more than they are
+called upon to _give_: For the suppression of one luxury for a
+charitable purpose, is the exercise of two virtues, and this without any
+pecuniary expense.
+
+Let the sick and afflicted remember how dreadful it must be, to be
+exposed to sufferings, without one of the alleviations which mitigate
+_their_ affliction. How dreadful it is to be without comforts, without
+necessaries, without a home--_without a country_! While the gay and
+prosperous would do well to recollect, how suddenly and terribly those
+for whom we plead, were, by the surprising vicissitudes of life, thrown
+from equal heights of gaiety and prosperity. And let those who have
+husbands, fathers, sons, brothers, or friends, reflect on the
+uncertainties of war, and the revolution of human affairs. It is only by
+imagining the possibility of those who are dear to us being placed in
+the same calamitous circumstances, that we can obtain an adequate
+feeling of the woes we are called upon to commiserate.
+
+In a distress so wide and comprehensive, many are prevented from giving
+by that common excuse--"That it is but a drop of water in the ocean."
+But let them reflect, that if all the individual drops were withheld,
+there would be no ocean at all; and the inability to give much ought
+not, on any occasion, to be converted into an excuse for giving nothing.
+Even moderate circumstances need not plead an exemption. The industrious
+tradesman will not, even in a political view, be eventually a loser by
+his small contribution. The money raised is neither carried out of our
+country, nor dissipated in luxuries, but returns again to the community;
+to our shops and to our markets, to procure the bare necessaries of
+life.
+
+Some have objected to the difference of _religion_ of those for whom we
+solicit. Such an objection hardly deserves a serious answer. Surely if
+the superstitious Tartar hopes to become possessed of the courage and
+talents of the enemy he slays, the Christian is not afraid of catching,
+or of propagating the error of the sufferer he relieves.--Christian
+charity is of no party. We plead not for their faith, but for their
+wants. And let the more scrupulous, who look for desert as well as
+distress in the objects of their bounty, bear in mind, that if these men
+could have sacrificed their conscience to their convenience, they had
+not now been in this country. Let us shew them the purity of _our_
+religion, by the beneficence of our actions.
+
+If you will permit me to press upon you such high motives (and it were
+to be wished that in every action we were to be influenced by the
+highest) perhaps no act of bounty to which you may be called out, can
+ever come so immediately under that solemn and affecting description,
+which will be recorded in the great day of account--_I was a stranger
+and ye took me in_.----
+
+
+
+
+[Decoration]
+
+_The following is an exact Translation from a_ SPEECH _made in the
+National Convention at Paris, on Friday the 14th of December, 1792, in a
+Debate on the Subject of establishing Public Schools for the Education
+of Youth, by Citizen_ DUPONT, _a Member of considerable Weight; and as
+the Doctrines contained in it were received with unanimous Applause,
+except from two or three of the Clergy, it may be fairly considered as
+an Exposition of the Creed of that Enlightened Assembly. Translated
+from_ Le Moniteur _of Sunday the 16th of December, 1792_.
+
+[Decoration]
+
+What! Thrones are overturned! Sceptres broken! Kings expire! And yet the
+Altars of GOD remain! (Here there is a murmur from some Members; and the
+Abbe ICHON demands that the person speaking may be called to order.)
+Tyrants, in outrage to nature, continue to burn an impious incense on
+those Altars! (Some murmurs arise, but they are lost in the applauses
+from the majority of the Assembly.) The Thrones that have been reversed,
+have left these Altars naked, unsupported, and tottering. A single
+breath of enlightened reason will now be sufficient to make them
+disappear; and if humanity is under obligations to the French nation for
+the first of these benefits, the fall of Kings, can it be doubted but
+that the French people, now sovereign, will be wise enough, in like
+manner, to overthrow those Altars and _those Idols_ to which those Kings
+have hitherto made them subject? _Nature_ and _Reason_, these ought to
+be the gods of men! These are my gods! (Here the Abbe AUDREIN cried out,
+"There is no bearing this;" and rushed out of the Assembly.--A great
+laugh.) Admire _nature_--cultivate _reason_. And you, Legislators, if
+you desire that the French people should be happy, make haste to
+propagate these principles, and to teach them in your primary schools,
+instead of those fanatical principles which have hitherto been taught.
+The tyranny of Kings was confined to make their people miserable in this
+life--but those other tyrants, the Priests, extend their dominion into
+another, of which they have no other idea than of eternal punishments; a
+doctrine which some men have hitherto had the good nature to believe.
+But the moment of the catastrophe is come--all these prejudices must
+fall at the same time. _We must destroy them, or they will destroy
+us._--For myself, I honestly avow to the Convention, _I am an atheist_!
+(Here there is some noise and tumult. But a great number of members cry
+out, "What is that to us--you are an honest man!") But I defy a single
+individual, among the twenty-four millions of Frenchmen, to make against
+me any well grounded reproach. I doubt whether the Christians, or the
+Catholics, of which the last speaker, and those of his opinion, have
+been talking to us, can make the same challenge.--(Great applauses.)
+There is another consideration--Paris has had great losses. It has been
+deprived of the commerce of luxury; of that factitious splendour which
+was found at courts, and invited strangers hither. Well! We must repair
+these losses.--Let me then represent to you the times, that are fast
+approaching, when our philosophers, whose names are celebrated
+throughout Europe, PETION, SYEYES, CONDORCET, and others--surrounded in
+our Pantheon, as the Greek philosophers where at Athens, with a crowd of
+disciples coming from all parts of Europe, walking like the
+Peripatetics, and teaching--this man, the system of the universe, and
+developing the progress of all human knowledge; that, perfectioning the
+social system, and shewing in our decree of the 17th of June, 1789, the
+seeds of the insurrections of the 14th of July and the 10th of August,
+and of all those insurrections which are spreading with such rapidity
+throughout Europe--So that these young strangers, on their return to
+their respective countries, may spread the same lights, and may operate,
+_for the happiness of Mankind_, similar revolutions throughout the
+world.
+
+(Numberless applauses arose, almost throughout the whole Assembly, and
+in the Galleries.)
+
+[Decoration]
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote A: Mr. Bowdler's letter states, that about Six Shillings a
+week included the expenses of each Priest at Winchester.]
+
+
+
+
+[Decoration]
+
+REMARKS
+
+ON THE
+
+SPEECH of Mr. DUPONT,
+
+ON THE SUBJECTS OF
+
+Religion and Public Education.
+
+[Decoration]
+
+
+It is presumed that it may not be thought unseasonable at this critical
+time to offer to the Public, and especially to the more religious part
+of it, a few slight observations, occasioned by the late famous Speech
+of Mr. Dupont, which exhibits the Confession of Faith of a considerable
+Member of the French National Convention. Though the Speech itself has
+been pretty generally read, yet it was thought necessary to perfix it to
+these Remarks, lest such as have not already perused it, might, from an
+honest reluctance to credit the existence of such principles, dispute
+its authenticity, and accuse the remarks, if unaccompanied by the
+Speech, of a spirit of invective and unfair exaggeration. At the same
+time it must be confessed, that its impiety is so monstrous, that many
+good men were of opinion it ought not to be made familiar to the minds
+of Englishmen; for there are crimes with which even the imagination
+should never come in contact.
+
+But as an ancient nation intoxicated their slaves, and then exposed them
+before their children, in order to increase their horror of
+intemperance; so it is hoped that this piece of impiety may be placed in
+such a light before the eyes of the Christian reader, that, in
+proportion as his detestation is raised, his faith, instead of being
+shaken, will be only so much the more strengthened.
+
+This celebrated Speech, though delivered in an assembly of Politicians,
+is not on a question of politics, but on one as superior as the soul is
+to the body, and eternity to time. The object here, is not to dethrone
+kings, but HIM by whom kings reign. It does not here excite the cry of
+indignation that _Louis_ reigns, but that _the Lord God omnipotent
+reigneth_.
+
+Nor is this the declaration of some obscure and anonymous person, but an
+exposition of the Creed of a public Leader. It is not a sentiment hinted
+in a journal, hazarded in a pamphlet, or thrown out at a disputing club:
+but it is the implied faith of the rulers of a great nation.
+
+Little notice would have been due to this famous Speech, if it had
+conveyed the sentiments of only _one_ vain orator; but it should be
+observed, that it was heard, received, _applauded_, with two or three
+exceptions only--a fact, which you, who have scarcely believed in the
+existence of atheism, will hardly credit, and which, for the honour of
+the eighteenth century, it is hoped that our posterity, being still more
+unacquainted with such corrupt opinions, will reject as totally
+incredible.
+
+A love of liberty, generous in its principle, inclines some good men
+still to savour the proceedings of the National Convention of France.
+They do not yet perceive that the licentious wildness which has been
+excited in that country, is destructive of all true happiness, and no
+more resemble liberty, than the tumultuous joys of the drunkard,
+resemble the cheerfulness of a sober and well regulated mind.
+
+To those who do not know of what strange inconsistences man is made up;
+who have not considered how some persons, having at first been hastily
+and heedlessly drawn in as approvers, by a sort of natural progression,
+soon become principals;--to those who have never observed by what a
+variety of strange associations in the mind, opinions that seem the most
+irreconcileable meet at some unsuspected turning, and come to be united
+in the same man;--to all such it may appear quite incredible, that well
+meaning and even pious people should continue to applaud the principles
+of a set of men who have publicly made known their intention of
+abolishing Christianity, as far as the demolition of altars, priests,
+temples, and institutions, _can_ abolish it; and as to the religion
+itself, this also they may traduce, and for their own part reject, but
+we know, from the comfortable promise of an authority still sacred in
+this country at least, that _the gates of hell shall not prevail against
+it_.
+
+Let me not be misunderstood by those to whom these slight remarks are
+principally addressed; that class of well intentioned people, who favour
+at least, if they do not adopt, the prevailing sentiments of the new
+Republic. You are not here accused of being the wilful abetters of
+infidelity. God forbid! "we are persuaded better things of you, and
+things which accompany salvation." But this _ignis fatuus_ of liberty
+and universal brotherhood, which the French are madly pursuing, with the
+insignia of freedom in one hand, and the bloody bayonet in the other,
+has bewitched your senses, and is in danger of misleading your steps.
+You are gazing at a meteor raised by the vapours of vanity, which these
+wild and infatuated wanderers are pursuing to their destruction; and
+though for a moment you mistake it for a heaven-born light, which leads
+to the perfection of human freedom, you will, should you join in the mad
+pursuit, soon discover that it will conduct you over dreary wilds and
+sinking bogs, only to plunge you in deep and inevitable ruin.
+
+Much, very much is to be said in vindication of your favouring in the
+first instance their political projects. The cause they took in hand
+seemed to be the great cause of human kind. Its very name insured its
+popularity. What English heart did not exult at the demolition of the
+Bastile? What lover of his species did not triumph in the warm hope,
+that one of the finest countries in the world would soon be one of the
+most free? Popery and despotism, though chained by the gentle influence
+of Louis XVIth, had actually slain their thousands. Little was it then
+imagined, that anarchy and atheism, the monsters who were about to
+succeed them, would soon slay their ten thousands. If we cannot regret
+the defeat of the two former tyrants, what must they be who can triumph
+in the mischiefs of the two latter? Who, I say, that had a head to
+reason, or a heart to feel, did not glow with hope, that from the ruins
+of tyranny, and the rubbish of popery, a beautiful and finely framed
+edifice would in time have been constructed, and that ours would not
+have been the only country in which the patriot's fair idea of well
+understood liberty, and of the most pure and reasonable, as well as the
+most sublime and exalted Christianity might be realized?
+
+But, alas! it frequently happens that the wise and good are not the most
+adventurous in attacking the mischiefs which they perceive and lament.
+With a timidity in some respects virtuous, they fear attempting any
+thing which may possible aggravate the evils they deplore, or put to
+hazard the blessings they already enjoy. They dread plucking up the
+wheat with the tares, and are rather apt, with a spirit of hopeless
+resignation,
+
+    "To bear the ills they have,
+    "Than fly to others that they know not of."
+
+While sober minded and considerate men, therefore, sat mourning over
+this complicated mass of error, and waited till God, in his own good
+time, should open the blind eyes; the vast scheme of reformation was
+left to that set of rash and presumptuous adventurers, who are generally
+watching how they may convert public grievances to their own personal
+account. It was undertaken, not upon the broad basis of a wise and well
+digested scheme, of which all the parts should contribute to the
+perfection of one consistent whole: It was carried on, not by those
+steady measures, founded on rational deliberation, which are calculated
+to accomplish so important an end; not with a temperance which indicated
+a sober love of law, or a sacred regard for religion; but with the most
+extravagant lust of power, and the most inordinate vanity which perhaps
+ever instigated human measures; a lust of power which threatens to
+extend its desolating influence over the whole globe; a vanity of the
+same destructive species with that which stimulated the celebrated
+incendiary of Ephesus, who being weary of his native obscurity and
+insignificance, and prefering infamy to oblivion, could contrive no
+other road to fame and immortality, than that of setting fire to the
+exquisite Temple of Diana. He was remembered indeed, as he desired to
+be, but only to be execrated; while the seventh wonder of the world lay
+prostrate through his crime.
+
+It is the same over ruling vanity which operates in their politics, and
+in their religion, which makes Kersaint[B] boast of carrying his
+destructive projects from the Tagus to the Brazils, and from Mexico to
+the shores of the Ganges; which makes him menace to outstrip the
+enterprises of the most extravagant hero of romance, and almost
+undertake with the marvelous celerity of the nimbly footed Puck,
+
+    "To put a girdle round about the earth
+    "In forty minutes."----
+
+It is the same vanity, still the master passion in the bosom of a
+Frenchman, which leads Dupont and Manuel to undertake in their orations
+to abolish the Sabbath, exterminate the Priesthood, erect a Pantheon for
+the World, restore the Peripatetic Philosophy, and in short revive every
+thing of ancient Greece, except the pure taste, the wisdom, the love of
+virtue, the veneration of the laws, and that degree of reverence which
+even virtuous Pagans professed for the Deity.
+
+It is surely to be charged to the inadequate and wretched hands into
+which the work of reformation fell, and not to the impossibility of
+amending the civil and religious institutions of France, that all has
+succeeded so ill. It cannot be denied, perhaps, that a reforming spirit
+was wanted in that country; their government was not more despotic, than
+their church was superstitious and corrupt.
+
+But though this is readily granted, and though it may be unfair to blame
+those who in the _first outset_ of the French Revolution, rejoiced even
+on religious motives; yet it is astonishing, how any pious person, even
+with all the blinding power of prejudice, can think without horror of
+the _present_ state of France. It is no less wonderful how any rational
+man could, even in the beginning of the Revolution; transfer that
+reasoning, however just it might be, when applied to France, to the case
+of England. For what can be more unreasonable, than to draw from
+different, and even opposite premises, the same conclusion? Must a
+revolution be equally necessary in the case of two sorts of Government,
+and two sorts of Religion, which are the very reverse of each other?
+opposite in their genius, unlike in their fundamental principles, and
+widely different in each of their component parts.
+
+That despotism, priestcraft, intolerance, and superstition, are terrible
+evils, no candid Christian it is presumed will deny; but, blessed be
+God, though these mischiefs are not yet entirely banished from the face
+of the earth, they have scarcely any existence in this country.
+
+To guard against a real danger, and to cure actual abuses, of which the
+existence has been first plainly proved, by the application of a
+suitable remedy, requires diligence as well as courage; observation as
+well as genius; patience and temperance as well as zeal and spirit. It
+requires the union of that clear head and sound heart which constitute
+the true patriot. But to conjure up fancied evils, or even greatly to
+aggravate real ones, and then to exhaust our labour in combating them,
+is the characteristic of a distempered imagination and an ungoverned
+spirit.
+
+Romantic crusades, the ordeal trial, drowning of witches, the torture,
+and the Inquisition, have been justly reprobated as the foulest stain of
+the respective periods, in which, to the disgrace of human reason, they
+existed; but would any man be rationally employed, who should now stand
+up gravely to declaim against these as the predominating mischiefs of
+the present century? Even the whimsical Knight of La Mancha himself,
+would not fight wind mills that were pulled down; yet I will venture to
+say, that the above named evils are at present little more chimerical
+than some of those now so bitterly complained of among us. It is not, as
+Dryden said, when one of his works was unmercifully abused, that the
+piece has not faults enough in it, but the critics have not had the wit
+to fix upon the right ones.
+
+It is allowed that, as a nation, we have faults enough, but our
+political critics err in the objects of their censure. They say little
+of those real and pressing evils resulting from our own corruption,
+which constitute the actual miseries of life; while they gloomily
+speculate upon a thousand imaginary political grievances, and fancy that
+the reformation of our rulers and our legislators is all that is wanting
+to make us a happy people.
+
+The principles of just and equitable government were, perhaps, never
+more fully established, nor public justice more exactly administered.
+Pure and undefiled religion was never laid more open to all, than at
+this day. I wish I could say we were a religious people; but this at
+least may be safely asserted, that the great truths of religion were
+never better understood; that Christianity was never more completely
+stripped from all its incumbrances and disguises, or more thoroughly
+purged from human infusions, and whatever is debasing in human
+institutions.
+
+Let us in this yet happy country, learn at least one great and important
+truth, from the errors of this distracted people. Their conduct has
+awfully illustrated a position, which is not the less sound for having
+been often controverted, That no degree of wit and learning; no progress
+in commerce; no advances in the knowledge of nature, or in the
+embellishments of art, can ever thoroughly tame that savage, the natural
+human heart, without RELIGION. The arts of social life may give a
+sweetness to the manners and language, and induce, in some degree, a
+love of justice, truth, and humanity; but attainments derived from such
+inferior causes are no more than the semblance and the shadow of the
+qualities derived from pure Christianity. Varnish is an extraneous
+ornament, but true polish is a proof of the solidity of the body; it
+depends greatly on the nature of the substance, is not superinduced by
+accidental causes, but in a good measure proceeding from internal
+soundness.
+
+The poets of that country, whose style, sentiments, manners, and
+religion the French so affectedly labour to imitate, have left keen and
+biting satires on the Roman vices. Against the late proceedings in
+France, no satirist need employ his pen; that of the historian will be
+quite sufficient. Fact will put fable out of countenance; and the crimes
+which are usually held up to our abhorrence in works of invention, will
+be regarded as flat and feeble by those who shall peruse the records of
+the tenth of August, of the second and third of September, and of the
+twenty first of January.
+
+If the same astonishing degeneracy in taste, principle, and practice,
+should ever come to flourish among us, Britons may still live to exult
+in the desolation of her cities, and in the destruction of her finest
+monuments of art; she may triumph in the peopling of the fortresses of
+her rocks and her forests; may exult in being once more restored to that
+glorious state of _liberty and equality_, when all subsisted by rapine
+and the chace; when all, O enviable privilege! were equally savage,
+equally indigent, and equally naked; may extol it as the restoration of
+reason, and the triumph of nature, that they are again brought to feed
+on acorns, instead of bread. Groves of consecrated misletoe may happily
+succeed to useless corn fields; and Thor and Woden may hope once more to
+be invested with all their bloody honours.
+
+Let not any serious readers feel indignation, as if pains were
+ungenerously taken to involve their religious, with their political
+opinions. Far be it from me to wound, unnecessarily, the feelings of
+people whom I so sincerely esteem; but it is much to be suspected, that
+certain opinions in politics have a tendency to lead to certain opinions
+in religion. Where so much is at stake, they will do well to keep their
+consciences tender, in order to do which they should try to keep their
+discernment acute. They will do well to observe, that the same restless
+spirit of innovation is busily operating under various, though seemingly
+unconnected forms. To observe, that the same impatience of restraint,
+the same contempt of order, peace, and subordination, which makes men
+bad citizens, makes them bad Christians; and that to this secret, but
+almost infallible connexion between religious and political sentiment,
+does France owe her present unparalleled anarchy and impiety.
+
+There are doubtless in that unhappy country multitudes of virtuous and
+reasonable men, who rather silently acquiesce in the authority of their
+present turbulent government, than embrace its principles or promote
+its projects from the sober conviction of their own judgment. These,
+together with those conscientious exiles whom this nation so honourably
+protects, may yet live to rejoice in the restoration of true liberty and
+solid peace to their native country, when light and order shall spring
+from the present darkness and confusion, and the reign of chaos shall be
+no more.
+
+May I be permitted a short digression on the subject of those exiles? It
+shall only be to remark, that all the boasted conquests of our Edwards
+and our Henrys over the French nation, do not confer such substantial
+glory on our own country, as she derives from having received,
+protected, and supported, among multitudes of other sufferers, at a time
+and under circumstances so peculiarly disadvantageous to herself, _three
+thousand priests_, of a nation habitually her enemy, and of a religion
+intolerant and hostile to her own. This is the solid triumph of true
+Christianity; and it is worth remarking, that the deeds which poets and
+historians celebrate as rare and splendid actions, and sublime instances
+of greatness of soul, in the heroes of the Pagan world, are but the
+ordinary and habitual virtues which occur in the common course of action
+among Christians; quietly performed without effort or exertion, and with
+no view to renown; but resulting naturally and necessarily from the
+religion they profess.
+
+So predominating is the power of an example we have once admired, and
+set up as a standard of imitation, and so fascinating has been the
+ascendency of the Convention over the minds of those whose approbation
+of French politics commenced in the earlier periods of the Revolution,
+that it extends to the most trivial circumstances. I cannot forbear to
+notice this in an instance, which, though inconsiderable in itself, yet
+ceases to be so when we view it in the light of a symptom of the
+reigning disease.
+
+While the fantastic phraseology of the new Republic is such, as to be
+almost as disgusting to sound taste, as their doctrines are to sound
+morals, it is curious to observe how deeply the addresses, which have
+been sent to it from the Clubs[C] in this country, have been infected
+with it, as far at least as phrases and terms are objects of imitation.
+In other respects, it is but justice to the French Convention to
+confess, that they are hitherto without rivals and without imitators;
+for who can aspire to emulate that compound of anarchy and atheism which
+in their debates is mixed up with the pedantry of school boys, the
+jargon of a cabal, and the vulgarity and ill-breeding of a mob? One
+instance of the prevailing cant may suffice, where an hundred might be
+adduced; and it is not the most exceptionable.--To demolish every
+existing law and establishment; to destroy the fortunes and ruin the
+principles of every country into which they are carrying their
+destructive arms and their frantic doctrines; to untie or cut asunder
+every bond which holds society together; to impose their own arbitrary
+shackles where they succeed, and to demolish every thing where they
+fail.--This desolating system, by a most unaccountable perversion of
+language, they are pleased to call by the endearing name of
+_fraternization_; and fraternization is one of the favourite terms which
+their admirers have adopted. Little would a simple stranger, uninitiated
+in this new and surprising dialect, imagine that the peaceful terms of
+fellow-citizen and of brother, the winning offer of freedom and
+happiness, and the warm embrace of fraternity, were only watch-words by
+which they in effect,
+
+                  Cry havoc,
+    And let slip the dogs of war.
+
+In numberless other instances, the fashionable language of France at
+this day would be as unintelligible to the correct writers of the age of
+Louis the XIVth, as their fashionable notions of liberty would be
+irreconcileable with those of the true Revolution Patriots of his great
+contemporary and victorious rival, William the Third.
+
+Such is indeed their puerile rage for novelty in the invention of new
+words, and the perversion of their taste in the use of old ones, that
+the celebrated Vossius, whom Christine of Sweden oddly complimented by
+saying, that he was so learned as not only to know whence all words
+came, but whither they were going, would, _were he admitted to the
+honours of a sitting_, be obliged to confess, that he was equally
+puzzled to tell the one, or to foretel the other.
+
+If it shall please the Almighty in his anger to let loose this
+infatuated people, as a scourge for the iniquities of the human race; if
+they are delegated by infinite justice to act, as storm and tempest
+fulfilling his word; if they are commissioned to perform the errand of
+the destroying lightning or the avenging thunder-bolt, let us try at
+least to extract personal benefit from national calamity; let every one
+of us, high and low, rich and poor, enter upon this serious and humbling
+inquiry, how much his own individual offences have contributed to that
+awful aggregate of public guilt, which has required such a visitation.
+Let us carefully examine in what proportion we have separately added to
+that common stock of abounding iniquity, the description of which formed
+the character of an ancient nation, and is so peculiarly applicable to
+our own--_Pride, fulness of bread, and abundance of idleness_. Let every
+one of us humbly inquire, in the self-suspecting language of the
+disciples to their Divine Master--_Lord, is it I?_ Let us learn to fear
+the fleets and armies of the enemy, much less than those iniquities at
+home which this alarming dispensation may be intended to chastize.
+
+The war which the French have declared against us, is of a kind
+altogether unexampled in every respect; insomuch that human wisdom is
+baffled when it would pretend to conjecture what may be the event. But
+this at least we may safely say, that it is not so much the force of
+French bayonets, as the contamination of French principles, that ought
+to excite our apprehensions. We trust, that through the blessing of GOD
+we shall be defended from their open hostilities, by the temperate
+wisdom of our Rulers, and the bravery of our fleets and armies; but the
+domestic danger arising from licentious and irreligious principles among
+ourselves, can only be guarded against by the personal care and
+vigilance of every one of us who values religion and the good order of
+society.
+
+GOD grant that those who go forth to fight our battles, instead of being
+intimidated by the number of their enemies, may bear in mind, that
+"there is no restraint with GOD to save by many or by few." And let the
+meanest of us who remains at home remember also, that even he may
+contribute to the internal safety of his country, by the integrity of
+his private life, and to the success of her defenders, by following them
+with his fervent prayers. And in what war can the sincere Christian ever
+have stronger inducements to pray for the success of his country, than
+in this? Without entering far into any political principles, the
+discussion of which would be in a great measure foreign to the design of
+this little tract, it may be remarked, that the unchristian principle of
+revenge is not our motive to this war; conquest is not our object; nor
+have we had recourse to hostility, in order to effect a change in the
+internal government of France[D]. The present war is undoubtedly
+undertaken entirely on defensive principles. It is in defence of our
+King, our Constitution, our Religion, our Laws, and consequently our
+_Liberty_, in the sound and rational sense of that term. It is to defend
+ourselves from the savage violence of a crusade, made against all
+Religion, as well as all Government. If ever therefore a war was
+undertaken on the ground of self-defence and necessity--if ever men
+might be literally said to fight _pro_ ARIS _et focis_, this seems to
+be the occasion.
+
+The ambition of conquerors has been the source of great and extensive
+evils: Religious fanaticism of still greater. But little as I am
+disposed to become the apologist of either the one principle or the
+other, there is no extravagance in asserting, that they have seemed
+incapable of producing, even in ages, that extent of mischief, that
+comprehensive desolation, which _philosophy, falsely so called_, has
+produced in three years.
+
+Christians! it is not a small thing--it is _your life_. The pestilence
+of irreligion which you detest, will insinuate itself imperceptibly with
+those manners, phrases, and principles which you admire and adopt. It is
+the humble wisdom of a Christian, to shrink from the most distant
+approaches to sin, to abstain from the very appearance of evil. If we
+would fly from the deadly contagion of Atheism, let us fly from those
+seemingly remote, but not very indirect paths which lead to it. Let
+France choose this day whom she will serve; _but, as for us and our
+houses, we will serve the Lord_.
+
+And, O gracious and long suffering God! before that awful period
+arrives, which shall exhibit the dreadful effects of such an education
+as the French nation are instituting; before a race of men can be
+trained up, not only without the knowledge of THEE, but in the contempt
+of THY most holy law, do THOU, in great mercy, change the heart of this
+people as the heart of one man. Give them not finally over to their own
+corrupt imaginations, to their own heart's lusts. But after having made
+them a fearful example to all the nations of the earth, what a people
+_can_ do, who have cast off the fear of THEE, do THOU graciously bring
+them back to a sense of that law which they have violated, and to
+participation of that mercy which they have abused; so that they may
+happily find, while the discovery can be attended with consolation, that
+_doubtless there is a reward for the righteous; verify, there is a_ GOD
+_who judgeth the earth_.
+
+
+THE END.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[Footnote B: See his Speech, enumerating their intended projects.]
+
+[Footnote C: See the Collection of Addresses from England, &c.
+Published by Mr. Mc. KENZIE, _College Green_, DUBLIN.]
+
+[Footnote D: See the Report of Mr. Pitt's Speech in the House of
+Commons on Feb. 12, 1793.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Transcriber's note
+
+
+Printer errors have been changed and are listed below. All other
+inconsistencies are as in the original.
+
+Characters that could not be displayed directly in Latin-1 are
+transcribed as follows:
+
+_ - italics
+
+
+The following changes have been made to the text:
+
+Page 18: Changed "involve their religous" to "involve their religious".
+
+Page 18: Changed "in order to which they" to "in order to do which
+they".
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Considerations on Religion and Public
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