From 8b132f2a9735ba6607150988ff62338ffabfc0ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: nfenwick Date: Fri, 7 Mar 2025 21:52:16 -0800 Subject: Add files from /home/DONE/42783.zip --- 42783-8.txt | 2949 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 42783-8.zip | Bin 0 -> 56834 bytes 42783-h.zip | Bin 0 -> 60804 bytes 42783-h/42783-h.htm | 3457 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 42783.txt | 2949 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 42783.zip | Bin 0 -> 56722 bytes 6 files changed, 9355 insertions(+) create mode 100644 42783-8.txt create mode 100644 42783-8.zip create mode 100644 42783-h.zip create mode 100644 42783-h/42783-h.htm create mode 100644 42783.txt create mode 100644 42783.zip diff --git a/42783-8.txt b/42783-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..da1324f --- /dev/null +++ b/42783-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2949 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 168, January 15, +1853, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 168, January 15, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: May 24, 2013 [EBook #42783] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NUMBER *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian +Libraries) + + + + + +{57} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 168.] +SATURDAY, JANUARY 15. 1853 +[With Index, price 10d. Stamped Edition 11d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Inedited Poem by Pope 57 + + Southey's "Doctor:" St. Matthias' Day in Leap-year, by + P. J. Yarrum 58 + + Oxfordshire Legend in Stone, by B. H. Cowper 58 + + Lady Nevell's Music-Book 59 + + Bishop Burnet, by Wm. L. Nichols 59 + + A Monastic Kitchener's Account 60 + + The Fairies in New Ross, by Patrick Cody 61 + + MINOR NOTES:--The Duke of Wellington and Marshal Ney: + Parallel Passage in the Life of Washington and Major + André--St. Bernard _versus_ Fulke Greville--St. + Munoki's Day--Epitaph in Chesham Churchyard--Gentlemen + Pensioners--Marlborough: curious Case of Municipal + Opposition to County Magistracy--Wet Season in + 1348--General Wolfe 62 + + QUERIES:-- + + Pope and the Marquis Maffei 64 + + The Church Catechism, by C. J. Armistead 64 + + A Countess of Southampton 64 + + MINOR QUERIES:--Hardening Steel Bars--Pierrepoint--Ceylon-- + Flemish and Dutch Schools of Painting--"To talk like a + Dutch Uncle"--Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Belgium-- + Charter of Waterford--Inscription on Penny of George + III.--"Shob" or "Shub," a Kentish Word--Bishop Pursglove + (Suffragan) of Hull--Stewarts of Holland--Robert Wauchope, + Archbishop of Armagh, 1543--Plum-pudding--"Whene'er I + asked"--Immoral Works--Arms at Bristol--Passage in + Thomson--"For God will be your King to-day"--"See where + the startled wild fowl"--Ascension-day--The Grogog + of a Castle 65 + + REPLIES:-- + + Canongate Marriages 67 + + Lady Katherine Grey 68 + + Howlett the Engraver, by B. Hudson 69 + + Chaucer 69 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES:--Pyrogallic Acid-- + Stereoscopic Pictures with One Camera--Mr. Crookes' + Wax-paper Process--India Rubber a Substitute for Yellow + Glass--Dr. Diamond's Paper Processes 70 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Ancient Timber Town-halls-- + Magnetic Intensity--Monument at Wadstena--David Routh, + R. C. Bishop of Ossory--Cardinal Erskine--"Ne'er to these + chambers," &c.--The Budget--"Catching a Tartar"--The + Termination "-itis" 71 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 73 + + Notices to Correspondents 73 + + Advertisements 74 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +INEDITED POEM BY POPE. + +In an original letter from James Boaden to Northcote the artist, I find the +following passage; and I add to it the verses to which allusion is therein +made: + + "60. Warren Street, Fitzroy Square. + "28th August, 1827. + + "My dear friend, + +"The verses annexed are so fine, that you should put them into your copy of +Pope, among the Miscellanies. Dr. Warburton received them too late for his +edition of our poet, and I find them only in a letter from the prelate to +Dr. Hurd, dated 'Prior Park, June 24th, 1765.' + +"I have used the freedom to mark a few of the finest touches with a pencil, +to show you _my_ feeling. These you can rub out easily, and afterwards +indulge your own. The style of interrogation seems to have revived in +Gray's Elegy. Hurd would send the verses to Mason as soon as he got them; +and Mason and Gray, as you know, were _one_ in all their studies. + + "I do not forget the Fables. + "Yours, my dear friend, always, + "J. BOADEN. + "J. Northcote, Esq." + +Not having by me any modern edition of Pope's _Works_, may I ask whether +these verses, thus transcribed for Northcote by his friend Boaden, have yet +been introduced to the public? + + _Verses by Mr. Pope, on the late Dean of Carlisle's (Dr. Bolton) having + written and published a Paper to the Memory of Mrs. Butler, of Sussex, + Mother to old Lady Blount of Twickenham._ + + [They are supposed to be spoken by the deceased lady to the author of + that paper, which drew her character.] + + "Stript to the naked soul, escaped from clay, + From doubts unfetter'd, and dissolved in day; + Unwarm'd by vanity, unreach'd by strife, + And all my hopes and fears thrown off with life; + Why am I charm'd by Friendship's fond essays, + And tho' unbodied, conscious of thy praise? + {58} + Has pride a portion in the parted soul? + Does passion still the formless mind control? + Can gratitude outpant the silent breath, + Or a friend's sorrow pierce the glooms of death? + No, 'tis a spirit's nobler taste of bliss, + That feels the worth it left, in proofs like this; + That not its own applause but thine approves, + Whose practice praises, and whose virtue loves; + Who liv'st to crown departed friends with fame; + Then dying, late, shalt all thou gav'st reclaim. + MR. POPE." + +A. F. W. + + * * * * * + +SOUTHEY'S "DOCTOR;" ST. MATTHIAS' DAY IN LEAP-YEAR. + +In looking over the 1848 edition of Southey's book, _The Doctor_, I observe +an error which has escaped the care and revision of the editor, the Rev. J. +W. Warter, B.D. At p. 199., where Southey is referring to the advantages of +almanacs, he writes: + + "Who is there that has not sometimes had occasion to consult the + almanac? Maximilian I., by neglecting to do this, failed in an + enterprise against Bruges. It had been concerted with his adherents in + that turbulent city, that he should appear before it at a certain time, + and they would be ready to rise in his behalf, and open the gates for + him. He forgot that it was leap-year, and came a day too soon; and this + error on his part cost many of the most zealous of his friends their + lives. It is remarkable that neither the historian who relates this, + nor the writers who have followed him, should have looked into the + almanac to guard against any inaccuracy in the relation; _for they have + fixed the appointed day on the eve of St. Matthias, which being the + 23rd of February, could not be put out of its course by leap-year_." + +The words in Italics show Southey's mistake. This historian was quite +correct: as, according to the calendar of the Roman Catholic Church, +although the regular festival of St. Matthias is celebrated upon the 24th +of February, yet, "in anno bissextili Februarius est dierum 29, et Festum +S. Mathiæ celebratur 25 Februarii." Thus it will be seen, that the year +when Maximilian was to have appeared before Bruges being leap-year, and the +day appointed being the eve of St. Matthias, he should have come upon the +24th, not the 23rd of February: the leap-year making all the difference. + +P. J. YARRUM. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + +OXFORDSHIRE LEGEND IN STONE. + +A few miles from Chipping-Norton, by the side of a road which divides +Oxfordshire from Warwickshire, and on the brow of a hill overlooking Long +Compton, stand the remains of a Druidical temple. Leland speaks of them as +"Rollright stones," from their being in the parish of Rollright. The temple +consists of a single circle of stones, from fifty to sixty in number, of +various sizes and in different positions, but all of them rough, time-worn, +and mutilated. The peasantry say that it is impossible to count these +stones, and certainly it is a difficult task, though not because there is +any witchcraft in the matter, but owing to the peculiar position of some of +them. You will hear of a certain baker who resolved not to be outwitted, so +hied to the spot with a basketful of small loaves, one of which he placed +on every stone. In vain he tried; either his loaves were not sufficiently +numerous, or some sorcery displaced them, and he gave up in despair. Of +course no one expects to succeed now. + +In a field adjoining are the remains of a cromlech, the altar where, at a +distance from the people, the priests performed their mystic rites. The +superimposed stone has slipped off, and rests against the others. These are +the "Whispering Knights," and this their history:--In days of yore, when +rival princes debated their claims to England's crown by dint of arms, the +hostile forces were encamped hard by. Certain traitor-knights went forth to +parley with others from the foe. While thus plotting, a great magician, +whose power they unaccountably overlooked, transformed them all into stone, +and there they stand to this day. + +Not far from the temple, but on the opposite side of the road, is a +solitary stone, probably the last of two rows which flanked the approach to +the sacred circle. This stone was once a prince who claimed the British +throne. On this spot he inquired of the magician above named what would be +his destiny: + + "If Long Compton you can see, + King of England you shall be," + +answered the wise man. But he could not see it, and at once shared the fate +of the "Whispering Knights." This is called the "King's stone," and so +stands that, while you cannot see Long Compton from it, you can if you go +forward a very little way. On some future day an armed warrior will issue +from this very stone, to conquer and govern our land! + +It is said that a farmer, who wished to bridge over a small stream at the +foot of the hill, resolved to press the "Whispering Knights" into the +service; but it was almost too much for all the horse power at his command +to bring them down. At length they were placed, but all they could do was +not sufficient to keep them in their place. It was therefore resolved to +restore them to their original post, when, lo! they who required so much to +bring them down, and defied all attempts to keep them quiet, were taken +back almost without an effort by a single horse! So there they stand, {59} +till they and the rest (for I believe the large circle was once composed of +living men) shall return to their proper manhood. + +Other legends respecting this curious relic might, I doubt not, be obtained +on the spot. I obtained the above in answer to inquiries, when making a +pilgrimage to the place. + +B. H. COWPER. + + * * * * * + +LADY NEVELL'S MUSIC-BOOK. + +The following contents of the Lady Nevell's music-book (1591) may be +interesting to many of your readers: + + "1. My Ladye Nevell's Grownde. + 2. Que passe, for my Ladye Nevell. + 3. The March before the Battell. + 4. The Battell. + The March of Footemen. + The March of Horsemen. + The Trumpetts. + The Irishe Marche. + The Bagpipe and Drone. + The Flute and Dromme. + The Marche to Fight. + Tantara. + The Battells be ioyned. + The Retreat. + 5. The Galliarde for the Victorie. + 6. The Barley Breake. + 7. The Galliarde Gygg. + 8. The Hunt's upp. + 9. Ut re mi fa sol la. + 10. The first Pauian. + 11. The Galliard to the same. + 12. The seconde Pauian. + 13. The Galliarde to the same. + 14. The third Pauian. + 15. The Galliarde to the same. + 16. The fourth Pauian. + 17. The Galliarde to the same. + 18. The fifte Pauian. + 19. The Galliarde to the same. + 20. The sixte Pauian. + 21. The Galliarde to the same. + 22. The seventh Pauian. + 23. The eighte Pauian. + The passinge mesurs is, + 24. The nynthe Pauian. + 25. The Galliarde to the same. + 26. The Voluntarie Lesson. + 27. Will you walk the Woods soe wylde. + 28. The Mayden's Song. + 29. A Lesson of Voluntarie. + 30. The second Grownde. + 31. Have w^t you to Walsingame. + 32. All in a Garden greene. + 33. The lo. Willobie's welcome home. + 34. The Carman's Whistle. + 35. Hughe Ashton's Grownde. + 36. A Fancie, for my Ladye Nevell. + 37. Sellinger's Rownde. + 38. Munser's Almaine. + 39. The tenth Pauian, Mr. W. Peter. + 40. The Galliarde to the same. + 41. A Fancie. + 42. A Voluntarie. + Finis. + + Ffinished and ended the Leventh of September, in the yeare of our Lorde + God 1591, and in the 33 yeare of the raigne of our sofferaine ladie + Elizabeth, by the grace of God Queen of England, &c., by me, Jo. + Baldwine of Windsore. + + Laudes Deo." + +The songs have no words to them. Most of the airs are signed "Mr. William +Birde." + +A modern MS. note in the book states that the book is "Lady Nevell's +Music-book," and that she seems "to have been the scholar of Birde, who +professedly composed several of the pieces for her ladyship's use;" and +that sixteen of the forty-two pieces are "in the Virginal Book of Queen +Elizabeth," and that "Jo. Baldwine was a singing-man at Windsor." The music +is written on four-staved paper of six lines, in large bold characters, +with great neatness. The notes are lozenge-shape. Can any of your +correspondents furnish rules for transposing these six-line staves into the +five-line staves of modern notations? + +L. B. L. + + * * * * * + +BISHOP BURNET. + +Having but recently become acquainted with your useful and learned work +(for _scire ubi aliquid invenire possis, magna pars eruditionis est_), I +have been much interested in looking over the earlier volumes. Allow me to +add a couple of links to your _catena_ on Bishop Burnet. The first is the +opinion of Hampton, the translator of Polybius; the other is especially +valuable, it being nothing less than the portrait of Burnet drawn by +himself, but certainly not with any idea of its being suspended beside the +worthies of his "Own Time," for the edification of posterity. + +Hampton's testimony is as follows: + + "His personal resentments put him upon writing history. He relates the + actions of a persecutor and benefactor; and it is easy to believe that + a man in such circumstances must violate the laws of truth. The + remembrance of his injuries is always present, and gives venom to his + pen. Let us add to this, that intemperate and malicious curiosity which + penetrates into the most private recesses of vice. The greatest of his + triumphs is to draw the veil of secret infamy, and expose to view + transactions that were before concealed from the world; though they + serve not in the least either to embellish the style or connect the + series of his history, and will never obtain more credit than, perhaps, + to suspend the judgment of the reader, since they are supported only by + one single, _suspected_ testimony."--_Reflections on Ancient and Modern + History_, 4to.: Oxford, 1746. + +Let me now refer you to a document, written with his own hand, which sets +the question of {60} Burnet's truthfulness and impartiality in his +delineations of character completely at rest. + +From the Napier charter-chest, "by a species of retributive justice," there +has recently risen up in judgment against him _a letter of his own, proving +his own character_. It is, I regret, too long for insertion in your pages +_in extenso_, but no abstract can give an adequate idea of its contents. It +is, in fact, so mean and abject as almost to overpass belief. I must refer +your readers to Mr. Mark Napier's _Montrose and the Covenanters_, vol. i. +pp. 13-21. All the reflections of the Whig historian Dalrymple, all the +severe remarks of Swift and Lord Dartmouth, as to Burnet's dishonesty and +malice, would now seem well bestowed upon a writer so despicable and +faithless, and the credit of whose statements, when resting _on his own +sole authority_, must be totally destroyed. This curious epistle was +written, in an agony of fear, on a Sunday morning, during the memorable +crisis of the Rye-House plot, and while Lord Russell was on the eve of his +execution. Addressed to Lord Halifax, it was intended to meet the eye of +the King. It evidently proves the writer's want of veracity in divers +subsequent statements in his history. The future bishop also protests that +he never will accept of any preferment, promises never more to oppose the +Court, and intimates an intention to paint the King in the fairest +light--"if I ever live to finish what I am about;" _i.e._ the _History of +his Own Time_, in which the villanous portrait of Charles afterwards +appeared. + + "Here, then," says Mr. Napier, "is Burnet _Redivivus_; and now the + bishop may call Montrose a coward or what he likes, and persuade the + world of his own super-eminent moral courage, if he can. For our own + part, after reading the above letter, we do not believe one malicious + word of what Burnet has uttered in the _History of his Own Time_ + against Charles I. and Montrose; and he has therein said nothing about + them that is not malicious. We do not believe that the apology for + Hamilton, which he has given to the world in the memoirs of that House, + is by any means so truthful an exposition of the character of that + mysterious marquis as the letters and papers entrusted to the bishop + enabled him to give. We feel thoroughly persuaded that Bishop Burnet, + in that work, as well as in the _History of his Own Time_, reversed the + golden maxim of Cicero, '_Ne quid falsi dicere audeat, ne quid veri non + audeat_.' The marvellous of himself, and the malicious of others, we + henceforth altogether disbelieve, when resting on the sole authority of + the bishop's historical record, and will never listen to when retailed + traditionally and at second-hand from him. Finally, we do believe the + truth of the anecdote, that the bishop, 'after a debate in the House of + Lords, usually went home and altered everybody's character as they had + pleased or displeased him that day;' and that he kept weaving in secret + this chronicle of his times, not to enlighten posterity or for the + cause of truth, but as a means of indulging in safety his own + interested or malicious feelings towards the individuals that pleased + or offended him. So much for Bishop Burnet, whose authority must + henceforth always be received _cum nota_." + +WM. L. NICHOLS. + +Lansdown Place, Bath. + + * * * * * + +A MONASTIC KITCHENER'S ACCOUNT. + +(From a volume of memoranda touching the monastery of Whalley, temp. Henry +VIII., among the records of the Court of Augmentation.) + + "Dyv'se somes of money leid oute by me Jamys More, monke and kechyner + to the late Abbot of Whalley, for and conc'nynge dyv'se caitts bought + by the seid Jamys of dyv'se [p=]sons, as hereaft' dothe [p=]ticlerly + appire by [p=]cells whiche came to thuse of the seid house, and spent + yn the seid house from the last daye of December until the ---- daye of + Marche then next folowynge yn the xxviij^{th} yere of the reign of + Kynge Henry the viij^{th}, whiche somes of money the said Jamys asketh + allowance. + + First payde to Edmunde Taillor Fischer + for ---- salt salmons, spent in the seyd + late abbott kechyn syns the tyme of his + accompt xxv^s + + Itm. Payde to the seid Edmunde for xj + freshe salmons, bought of the said Edmunde + to thuse, &c. of the seid house, + there spent by the seid tyme xxv^s + + Itm. Payde to Will'm Newbbet for fresh + fische iij^s iij^d + + Itm. Payde for vj capons, bought at Fastyngeseven + of dyv'se [p=]sons ij^s + + Itm. Payde for xxxv hennes, bought of + dyv'se [p=]sons v^s x^d + + Itm. Payde for eggs, butter, chese, bought + of dyv'se [p=]sons betwixt Cristmas and + Fastyngsevyn, spent yn the seid house xxiiij^s + + Itm. Payde for mustersede v^s + + Itm. Bought of Will'm Fische viij potts + hony-pric x^s + + Itm. Bought of Anthony Watson vij gallons + hony ix^s iiij^d + + Itm. Bought of John Colthirst ij gallons + hony ij^s iiij^d + + Itm. Payde to Richard Jackson for xvij^c + sparlyngs ix^s viii^d + + Sum of the payments vj^{li} xviij^d (sic in orig.) + + Itm. The same Jamys askyth allowance of xiiij^s, whiche + the seid late abbott dyd owe hym at the tyme of his + last accompt, whiche endyd at Cristmas last past, as + yt dothe appire by the accompt of the seid Jamys + More. + + Itm. The late abbott of Whalley dyd owe unto the + seid Jamys More, for a grey stagg that the seid + late abbott dyd by of the same Jamys by the space + of a yere syns x^s + + By me JAMES MOR." + +The advowson of the parish church of Whalley having been bequeathed to the +White Monks of Stanlawe (Cheshire), they removed their abbey {61} there +A.D. 1206; it being dedicated to the Virgin Mary ("Locus Benedictus de +Whalley"), and having about sixty indwellers. (Tanner's _Notitia_.) + +ANON. + + * * * * * + +THE FAIRIES IN NEW ROSS. + + "When moonlight + Near midnight + Tips the rock and waving wood; + When moonlight + Near midnight + Silvers o'er the sleeping flood; + When yew tops + With dew-drops + Sparkle o'er deserted graves; + 'Tis then we fly + Through welkin high, + Then we sail o'er yellow waves." + + _Book of Irish Ballads._ + +There lived, some thirty years since, in the eastern part of the suburbs of +New Ross, in the county of Wexford, denominated the "Maudlins," a hedge +carpenter named Davy Hanlan, better known to his neighbours by the +sobriquet of "Milleadh Maide," or "Speilstick." Davy plied his trade with +all the assiduity of an industrious man, "and laboured in all kinds of +weather" to maintain his little family; and as his art consisted +principally in manufacturing carts, ploughs, and harrows (iron ploughs not +being then in use) for the surrounding farmers, and doctoring their old +ones, the sphere of Davy's avocations was confined to no mean limits. + +It was a dry, sharp night, in the month of November, and darkness had set +in long before Davy left Mount Hanover, two miles distant from his home. At +length he started forward, and had already reached the bridge of the +Maudlins, when he stopped to rest; for besides his tools he carried a +bundle of wheaten straw, which he intended for a more than usually +comfortable "shake-down" for his dear rib Winny. The moon had by this time +ascended above the horizon, and by its silvery radiance depicted in +delicate outline the hills rising in the distance, while the tender rays +mixing with, and faintly illumining the gloom of the intermediate valleys, +formed a mass of light and shade so exquisitely blended as to appear the +work of enchantment. As Davy leaned on the parapet of the bridge, a thrill +of alarm involuntarily disturbed his feelings: he was about to depart when +he heard a clamorous sound, as of voices, proceeding from that part of the +valley on which he still gazed. Curiosity now tempted him to listen still +longer, when suddenly he saw a group of dwarfish beings emerging from the +gloom, and coming rapidly towards him, along the green marsh that borders +the Maudlin stream. Poor Davy was terror-stricken at this unusual sight; in +vain he attempted to escape: he was, as it were, spellbound. Instantly the +whole company gained the road beside him, and after a moment's consultation +they simultaneously cried out, "Where is my horse? give me my horse!" &c. +In the twinkling of an eye they were all mounted. Davy's feelings may be +more easily imagined than described, and in a fit of unconsciousness his +tongue, as it were mechanically, articulated "Where is my horse?" +Immediately he found himself astride on a rude piece of timber, somewhat in +shape of a plough-beam, by which he was raised aloft in the air. Away he +went, as he himself related, at the rate of nine knots an hour, gliding +smoothly through the liquid air. No aeronaut ever performed his expedition +with more intrepidity; and after about two hours' journeying the whole +cavalcade alighted in the midst of a large city, just as + + "The iron tongue of midnight had told twelve." + +One of the party, who appeared to be a leader, conducted them from door to +door, Davy following in the rear; and at the first door he passed them the +word, "We cannot enter, the dust of the floor lies not behind the door."[1] +Other impediments prevented their ingress to the next two or three doors. + +At length, having come to a door which was not guarded by any of these +insuperable sentinels which defy the force of fairy assault, he joyfully +cried out "We can enter here:" and immediately, as if by enchantment, the +door flew open, the party entered, and Davy, much astonished, found himself +within the walls of a spacious wine-store. Instantly the heads of wine +vessels were broken; bungs flew out; the carousing commenced; each boon +companion pledged his friend, as he bedewed his whiskers in the sparkling +beverage; and the wassail sounds float round the walls and hollow roof. +Davy, not yet recovered from his surprise, stood looking on, but could not +contrive to come at a drop: at length he asked a rather agreeable fairy who +was close to him to help him to some. "When I shall have done," said the +fairy, "I will give you this goblet, and you can drink." Very {62} soon +after he handed the goblet to Davy, who was about to drink, when the leader +gave the word of command: + + "Away, away, my good fairies, away! + Let's revel in moonlight, and shun the dull day." + +The horses were ready, the party mounted, and Davy was carried back to the +Maudlin bridge, bearing in his hand the silver goblet, as witness of his +exploit. Half dead he made his way home to Winny, who anxiously awaited +him; got to bed about four in the morning, to which he was confined by +illness for months afterwards. And as Davy "lived from hand to mouth," his +means were soon exhausted. Winny took the goblet and pledged it with Mr. +Alexander Whitney, the watchmaker, for five shillings. In a few days after +a gentleman who lived not twenty miles from Creywell Cremony came in to Mr. +Whitney's, saw the goblet, and recognised it as being once in his +possession, and marked with the initials "M. R.," and on examining it found +it to be the identical one which he had bestowed, some years before, on a +Spanish merchant. Davy, when able to get out, deposed on oath before the +Mayor of Ross (who is still living) to the facts narrated above. The +Spanish gentleman was written to, and in reply corroborated Davy's +statement, saying that on a certain night his wine-store was broken open, +vessels much injured, and his wine spilled and drunk, and the silver goblet +stolen. Davy was exonerated from any imputation of guilt in the affair, and +was careful, during his life, never again to rest at night on the Maudlin +bridge. + +PATRICK CODY. + +Mullinavat, county of Kilkenny. + +[Footnote 1: Every good housewife is supposed to sweep the kitchen floor +previously to her going to bed; and the old women who are best skilled in +"fairy lore" affirm, that if, through any inadvertence, she should leave +the dust thus collected behind the door at night, this dust or sweepings +will have the power of opening the door to the fairies, should they come +the way. It is also believed that, if the broom should be left behind the +door, without being placed standing on its handle, it will possess the +power of admitting the fairies. Should the water in which the family had +washed their feet, before going to bed, be left in the vessel, on the +kitchen floor, without having a coal of fire put into it, if not thrown out +in the yard, it will act as porter to the fairies or good people.] + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_The Duke of Wellington and Marshal Ney. Parallel Passage in the Life of +Washington and Major André._--J. R. of Cork (Vol. vi., p. 480.) tells how +Wellington was in his youth smitten with the charms of a lady, who, in +after-life having appealed to him to save the life of Ney, was not simply +unsuccessful in her object but was ordered to quit Paris forthwith. J. B. +Burke, in the _Patrician_, vol. vi. p. 372., tells how Washington +endeavoured to win the love of Mary Phillipse, and how he failed: how years +rolled on, and the rejected lover as Commander-in-Chief of the American +forces was supplicated by the same Mary, then the wife of Roger Morris, to +spare the life of Andre. The appeal failed, and one of the General's aides +was ordered to conduct the lady beyond the lines. + +ST. JOHNS. + +_St. Bernard versus Fulke Greville._--On lately reading over the fine +philosophical poem _Of Humane Learning_, by Fulke Greville, Lord Brooke, I +was struck at finding that the 144th stanza was a literal transcript from +St. Bernard. Some of your readers may possibly be amused or interested by +the discovery: + + "Yet some seeke knowledge, meerely to be knowne, + And idle curiositie that is; + Some but to sell, not freely to bestow, + These gaine and spend both time and health amisse; + Embasing arts, by basely deeming so, + Some to build others, which is charity, + But those to build themselves, who wise men be." + _Workes_, p. 50.: Lond. 1633, 8vo. + + "Sunt namque qui scire volunt eo fine tantum, ut sciant: et turpis + curiositas est. Et sunt item qui scire volunt, ut scientiam suam + vendant, verbi causa pro pecunia, pro honoribus: et turpis quæstus est. + Sed sunt quoque qui scire volunt, ut ædificentur: et prudentia + est."--S. Bernardi _In Cantica Serm._ xxxvi. Sect 3. _Opp._, vol. i. p. + 1404. Parisiis, 1719, fol. + +It is no mean eulogy upon Lord Brooke's poem just referred to, to say that +it stood high in the estimation of the late Rev. Hugh James Rose, and was +quoted approvingly by him in his lectures before the Durham University. My +acquaintance with it was first derived from that source, and I am confident +that many others of your readers sympathise with the wishes of MR. +CROSSLEY, for "a collected edition of the works of the two noble Grevilles" +("N. & Q.," Vol. iv., p. 139.). The facts upon which the tragedy of +_Mustapha_ is founded are graphically summed up by Knolles in his _Historie +of the Turkes_, pp. 757-65.: London, 1633, fol. + +RT. + +Warmington. + +_St. Munoki's Day._--Professor Craik, in his _Romance of the Peerage_, vol. +ii. p. 337., with reference to the date of the death of Margaret Tudor, +Queen Dowager of Scotland, gives two authorities, namely, 24th November, +1541, from the _Diurnal of Remarkable Occurrents_, and _St. Munoki's_ Day, +from the _Chronicle of Perth_, and then says: "I find no saint with a name +resembling _Munok_ in the common lists." Now this Note of mine has +originated in the belief that I _have found_ such a name in the _Calendar +of Saints_, or at any rate one very closely resembling it, if not the +identical _Munok_. "St. Marnok, B. patron of Killmarnock in Scotland, +honoured on the 25th October in the Scots Calendar." Now "Marnok" is most +probably _Munok_, the latter, perhaps, misspelt by a careless scribe in the +_Chronicle of Perth_. There is a discrepancy of a month certainly in these +two dates, 25th October and 24th November; but that is not very wonderful, +as a doubt of the exact day of Queen Margaret's decease evidently exists +among historians, for Pinkerton (vol. ii. p. 371.) conjectures June. The +above extract regarding St. Marnok is from a {63} curious old work in my +possession, published in 1761 in London, and entitled _A Memorial of +Ancient British Piety, or a British Martyrology_. It gives also the names +of St. Moroc, C., Nov. 8; St. Munnu, Ab., Oct. 21, both saints in the +Scottish calendar. + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_Epitaph in Chesham Churchyard._-- + + "As an + Encouragement + to Regularity, Integrity, + and good Conduct, + This Stone + was erected at the general Expense + of the Inhabitants of + this Town and Parish + to perpetuate the Memory of + MATTHEW ARCHER, + who served the Office of Clerk with + the utmost Punctuality and Decorum + for upwards of Thirty Years. + He died 15th December, 1793." + +F. B. RELTON. + +_Gentlemen Pensioners._-- + + "On Saturday last, the Secretary to the Band of Gentleman Pensioners + did, by order of the Duke of Montague their Captain, dispatch circular + letters to the said gentlemen, signifying his Grace's pleasure to + revive the ancient rules and orders that were practised at the time of + the first institution of the Band in the reign of King Henry VII., viz. + that five of the said Gentleman Pensioners shall attend constantly + every day in the antechamber of the palace where His Majesty shall be + resident, from ten in the forenoon till three in the afternoon, the + usual time of His Majesty's retiring to go to dinner; and on every + Drawing Room night from eight to twelve."--_Weekly Journal_, Jan. 4, + 1735. + +E. + +_Marlborough; Curious Case of Municipal Opposition to County +Magistracy._--Shortly after the invasion of the elder Pretender, the +corporation of Marlborough so far defied the royal authority as to drive +the quarterly county sessions from the town; and high legal opinions were +not wanting to fortify the position thus assumed by the borough, on the +ground, namely, of its municipal charter, which secured to the town a court +of its own. + +Now, we all know that in early times a borough's court-leet exempted the +burgesses from the jurisdiction of the sheriff's "tourn," and that up till +the period of the Municipal Reform bill, many charters still existed, +verbally sustaining such right of exemption; but the Queries which I wish +to put are the following. First, Though the crown's representative had no +jurisdiction, had he not a right to enter, and sit on cases foreign to the +borough? Secondly, What are the earliest instances of county quarter +sessions sitting in independent boroughs? Thirdly, Were the cases numerous +of similar acts of resistance at the period alluded to, viz. the reign of +George I.? + +I take this occasion to state that I am drawing to conclusion a history of +Silkely Hundred, which includes Marlborough and Lord Ailesbury's seat; and +shall feel grateful for any information relating to the Pretender's +influence in that district. That it must have been considerable may be +argued from the Ailesbury alliance by marriage with the young Pretender. + +J. WAYLEN. + +Devizes. + +_Wet Season in 1348._--Accidentally looking into Holinshed a few days ago, +I found that our present unusually wet season is not without a parellel, +indeed much exceeded; as on that occasion the harvest must have been a +complete failure, and dearth and disease consequently ensued. Providence, +however, has kindly blessed us with an average harvest; and, exclusive of +the disasters attendant upon storms and floods, I trust we shall escape any +further visitation. I annex an extract of the passage in Holinshed: + + "In this 22 yeare [of Edward III., A.D. 1348], from Midsummer to + Christmasse, for the more part it continuallie rained, so that there + was not one day and night drie togither, by reason whereof great flouds + insued, and the ground therewith was sore corrupted, and manie + inconueniences insued, as great sickenes, and other, insomuch that in + the yeare following, in France, the people died wonderfullie in diverse + places. In Italie also, and in manie other countries, as well in the + lands of the infidels as in Christendome, this grieuous mortalitie + reigned, to the great destruction of people. About the end of August, + the like dearth began in diuerse places of England, and especiallie in + London, continuing so for the space of twelue moneths following. And + vpon that insued great barrennesse, as well of the sea as the land, + neither of them yielding such plentie of things as before they had + done. Wherevpon vittels and corne became scant and hard to come + by."--_The Chronicles of Raphaell Holinshed_, fol., vol. iii. p. 378 + (black letter). + +[Phi]. + +_General Wolfe._--It may interest many of your readers to know that a +portrait of General Wolfe, by Ramsay, 1758, is to be sold by Messrs. +Christie and Manson, at their rooms, 8. King Street, St. James's Square, on +Saturday, February 12. + +The picture is marked No. 300 in the catalogue of the first two days' sale. +It formed part of the collection of a gentleman lately deceased, whom I had +the pleasure of knowing. + +C. FORBES. + +Temple. + +{64} + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +POPE AND THE MARQUIS MAFFEI. + +I would beg the insertion of the following Note, which occurs at p. 338. of +Walker's _Historical Memoir on Italian Tragedy_; with a view to +ascertaining whether any light has been thrown on the subject since the +publication of the work in question. I fear there is little chance of such +being the case, but still I would be glad to learn from any of your +correspondents, whether there is other evidence than the passage given from +the Marquis's letter to Voltaire, to prove that Pope was actually engaged +in the translation of his tragedy; or whether there is any allusion in the +cotemporary literature of the day, to such a work having been undertaken by +the bard of Twickenham. + + "It seems to have escaped the notice of all Pope's biographers, that + when the Marquis Maffei visited Twickenham, in company with Lord + Burlington and Dr. Mead, he found the English bard employed on a + translation of his _Merope_: yet the public have been in possession of + this anecdote about fifty years. The Marquis, in his answer to the + celebrated letter addressed to him by Voltaire, says: 'Avendomi Mylord + Conte di Burlington, e il Sig. Dottore Mead, l'uno e l'altro talenti + rari, ed à quali quant' io debba non posso dire, condotto alla villa + del Sig. Pope, ch' è il Voltaire dell Inghilterra, come voi siete il + Pope della Francia, quel bravo Poeta mi fece vedere, che lavorava alla + versione della mia Tragedia in versi Inglesi: se la terminasse, e che + ne sia divenuto, non so.'--_La Merope_, ver. 1745, p. 180. With the + fate of this version we are, and probably shall ever remain, + unacquainted: it may, however, be safely presumed, that it was never + finished to the satisfaction of the translator, and therefore committed + to the flames." + +T. C. S. + + * * * * * + +THE CHURCH CATECHISM. + +Allow me to make the following inquiries through the pages of "N. & Q.," +which may possibly elicit valuable information from some of your many +correspondents. In the Archbishop of York's questions put to candidates for +Holy Orders, Feb. 1850, occurred this Query: "The Church Catechism ... by +whom was the latter part added and put into its present form; and whence is +it chiefly derived?" The former part of this is readily answered; being, as +any one at all read in the history of the Prayer-Book well knows, added at +the Hampton Court Conference, 1603; and was drawn up by Bishop Overall, at +that time Dean of St. Paul's: but _whence is it chiefly derived?_ That is +the question for which I have hitherto sought in vain a satisfactory +solution, and fear his grace, or his examining chaplain, must have looked +in vain for a correct reply from any of his _quasi_ clergymen, college +education though they may have had. It is a point which seems to be passed +over entirely unnoticed by all of our liturgical writers and church +historians, as I have been at no little pains in searching works at all +likely to clear it up, but, hitherto, without success. It may be +conjectured that the part referred to, viz., on the Sacraments, was taken +from Dean Nowell's Catechism; or, at all events, that Overall borrowed some +of the expressions while he changed its meaning, as Nowell's was purely +Calvinistic in tendency. He may have had before him the fourth part of +Peter Lombard's _Liber Sententiarum_, or some such work. But all this is +mere supposition; and what I want to arrive at, is some correct data or +authoritative statement which would settle the point. Another interesting +matter upon which I am desirous of information, is, as to the protestation +after the rubrics at the end of the Communion Service. In our _present_ +Prayer-Book it is in marks of quotation, which we do not find in the second +book of King Edward VI., where it originally appears--and the expressions +there admit the real presence. It was altogether left out in Elizabeth's +Prayer-Book, but again inserted in the last review in 1661, when the +inverted commas first appear: the sense being somewhat different, allowing +the spiritual but not the actual or bodily presence of Christ. Why are the +_commas_ or marks of quotation, if such they be, then inserted? I have +written to a well-known Archdeacon, eminent for his works on the +Sacraments, but his answer does not convey what is sought by + +C. J. ARMISTEAD. + +Springfield Mount, Leeds. + + * * * * * + +A COUNTESS OF SOUTHAMPTON. + +I have just been reading, in the _Revue des deux Mondes_, an interesting +article upon the recently-published _Memoirs of Mademoiselle de +Koenigsmark_, in which I meet with the following passage: + + "Ce fut à Venise que Charles-Jean de Koenigsmark rencontra la belle + Comtesse de Southampton, cette vaillante amoureuse qui, plantant la + fortune et famille, le suivit désormais par le monde déguisée en page: + romanesque anecdote que la princesse Palatine a consignée dans ses + mémoires avec cette brusque rondeur de style qui ne marchande pas les + expressions. 'Il doit être assez dans le caractère de quelques dames + anglaises de suivre leurs amans. J'ai connu un Comte de Koenigsmark + qu'une dame anglaise avait suivi en habit de page. Elle était avec lui + à Chambord, et comme, faute de place, il ne pouvait loger au Château, + il avait fait dresser dans la forêt une tente où il logeât. Il me + raconta son aventure à la Masse; j'eu la curiosité de voir le + soi-disant page. Je n'ai jamais rien vu de plus beau que cette figure: + les plus beaux yeux du monde, une bouche charmante, une prodigieuse + quantité de cheveux du plus beau brun, qui tombèrent en grosses boucles + sur ses épaules. Elle sourit en me voyant, se doutant bien que je + savais son secret. {65} Lorsqu'il partit de Chambord pour l'Italie, le + Comte Koenigsmark se trouva dans une auberge, et en sortit le matin + pour faire un tour de promenade. L'hotesse de cette maison courut après + lui et lui cria: 'Montez vite là-haut, Monsieur, votre page accouche!' + Le page accoucha en effet d'une fille: on mit la mère et l'enfant dans + un couvent à Paris." + +He afterwards went to England, where-- + + "Les frères, cousins, et petits cousins de lady Southampton + l'attendaient, et les duels se mirent à lui pleuvoir dessus. Comme son + épée aimait assez à luire au soleil, il la tira volontiers, et avec une + chance telle que ses ennemis, ne pouvant le vaincre par le fer, + jugèrent à propos d'essayer du poison. Dégouté de perdre son temps à de + pareilles misères, &c. &c. Tant que le comte a vecu il en a eu grand + soin; mais il mourut en Morée, et le page fidèle ne lui survécut pas + long-temps. Elle est morte comme une sainte." + +Can you, or any of your correspondents, say _who_ this interesting +_Countess of Southampton_ was? She lived at the end of the seventeenth +century. In addition to these particulars, which are so nicely told that I +would not venture to alter them, as Orsino asks Viola, "What was her +history?" + +W. R. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Hardening Steel Bars._--Can any of your readers inform me how thin, flat, +steel bars (say three feet long) can be prevented from "running" crooked +when hardened in water? + +J. H. A. + +_Pierrepont._--Who was John Pierrepont of Wadworth, near Doncaster, who +died July, 1653, aged 75. + +A. F. B. + +Diss. + +_Ceylon._--I should be much obliged to SIR JAMES TENNENT, if he would +kindly inform me where the best map of Ceylon is to be got? such as are to +be found in the atlases within my reach are only good enough to try a man's +temper, and no more. + +May I also take the liberty of asking how soon we may expect the appearance +of SIR JAMES TENNENT'S book on the history, &c. of Ceylon? a work which +will be a great work indeed, if we have at all a fair specimen of its +author's learning and powers in the _Christianity in Ceylon_. + +AJAX. + +_Flemish and Dutch Schools of Painting._--Would any of your correspondents +direct me to some work giving me some information about the painters of the +Dutch and Flemish schools, their biographers, their peculiarities, +chefs-d'oeuvre, &c.? + +AJAX. + +"_To talk like a Dutch Uncle._"--In some parts of America, when a person +has determined to give another a regular lecture, he will often be heard to +say, "I will talk to him like a Dutch uncle;" that is, he shall not escape +this time. + +As the emigrants to America from different countries have brought their +national sayings with them, and as the one I am now writing about was +doubtless introduced by the Knickerbockers, may I ask if a similar +expression is now known or used in Holland? + +W. W. + +Malta. + +_Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Belgium_.--I want some work on this subject: +can any one tell me of one? + +N.B.--A big book does not frighten me. + +AJAX. + +_Charter of Waterford._--I have a copy of the English translation of this +charter, published in Kilkenny, with the following note, written in an old +hand, on the title-page: + + "This was first translated by William Cunningham Cunningham (_sic_), a + native of Carrick-on-Suir, born on Ballyrichard Road: his father and + brother were blacksmiths; his grand-nephew Cunningham lives now a + cowper (_sic_) in New Street in do. town." + +I wish to know if this note is worth anything, and if the statement +contained in it is true? + +R. H. + +_Inscription on Penny of George III._--On an old penny of George III., on +the reverse, I find the following inscription: + + "STABIT QVOCVNQVE IECERIS." + +What does this precisely mean; or why and when was it adopted? + +J. M. A. + +_"Shob," or "Shub," a Kentish Word._--Your correspondent on the Kentish +word _sheets_ (Vol. vi., p. 338.) may possibly be able to give some account +of another Kentish word, which I have met with in the country about +Horton-Kirby, Dartford, Crayford, &c., and the which I cannot find in +Halliwell, or any other dictionary in my possession,--viz. to _shob_ or +_shub_. It is applied to the trimming up elm-trees in the hedge-rows, by +cutting away all the branches except at the head: "to shob the trees" is +the expression. Now, in German we have _schaben_, v. r. to shave; but in +the Anglo-Saxon I find nothing nearer than _scaf_, part. _scof_, to shave. + +A. C. M. + +Exeter. + +_Bishop Pursglove (Suffragan) of Hull._--This prelate is buried in +Tideswell Church, Devonshire, and a copy of his monumental brass is given +in _Illustrations of Monumental Brasses_, published in 1842 by the +Cambridge Camden Society. Perhaps some reader of "N. & Q." who has access +to that work will send the inscription for insertion in your columns. Any +information also as {66} to his consecration, character, and period of +decease, would be acceptable. What is the best work on English Suffragan +bishops? I believe Wharton's _Suffragans_ (which, however, I do not possess +to refer to) is far from being complete or correct. It would be interesting +to have a complete list of such bishops, with the names of their sees, and +dates of consecration and demise. I find no Suffragan bishop after Bishop +John Sterne, consecrated for Colchester 12th November, 1592, and this from +the valuable list in Percival's _Apol. for Ap. Suc._ + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_Stewarts of Holland._--In the year 1739 there lived in Holland a +Lieutenant Dougal Stewart, of the Dutch service, who was married to Susan, +daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Fairfowl, of Bracindam. He was descended +from the ancient Scottish family of Stewarts of Appin, in Argyleshire; and +this Query is to inquire whether anything is known regarding him or his +descendants, if he had such? This might find a reply in _De Navorscher_ +perhaps. + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_Robert Wauchope, Archbishop of Armagh, 1543._--Is there any detailed +account of this prelate extant? The few particulars I have been able to +glean respecting him are merely that he was a native of Scotland, and +Doctor in Divinity of the University of Paris, where he probably studied +theology, as was common with Scottish ecclesiastics of that day. He arrived +in Ireland about the year 1541, and is memorable for the glory, or shame, +of being the first who introduced the Jesuit order into that country. Pope +Paul III. nominated him to the primatial see of Armagh, after the death of +Archbishop Cromer in 1543, and during the lifetime of Archbishop Dowdal, +who was a Catholic also, but being appointed Archbishop of Armagh in +November 1543, by King Henry VIII., was not acknowledged at Rome as such. +_Waucup_, as his name is also spelt, and Latinized "Venantius," never +appears, however, to have been able to obtain regular possession of the see +of Armagh and primacy of Ireland, being merely titular archbishop. Some +accounts state that he was blind from his childhood, but others say, and +probably more correctly, that he was only short-sighted. He was present at +the Council of Trent in 1545-47, being one of the four Irish prelates who +attended there; and, in _Hist. del Concil. Trid._, l. ii. p. 144., he is +alluded to as having been esteemed the _best at riding post in the +world!_--"Huomo di brevissima vista era commendato di questa, di correr +alla posta meglio d'huomo del mondo." I should like much to ascertain the +date and place of his birth, consecration, and death. + +A. S. A. + +_Plum-pudding._--Can any of your readers inform me of the origin of the +following custom, and whether the ceremony is still continued? I can find +no mention of it in any topographical dictionary or history of Devon, but +it was copied from an old newspaper, bearing date June 7, 1809: + + "At Paignton Fair, near Exeter, the ancient custom of drawing through + the town a plum-pudding of an immense size, and afterwards distributing + it to the populace, _was revived_ on Tuesday last. The ingredients + which composed this enormous pudding were as follows: 400 lbs. of + flour, 170 lbs. of beef suet, 140 lbs. of raisins, and 240 eggs. It was + kept constantly boiling in a brewer's copper from Saturday morning to + the Tuesday following, when it was placed on a car decorated with + ribbons, evergreens, &c., and drawn along the street by eight oxen." + +EVERARD HORNE COLEMAN. + +"_Whene'er I asked._"--I shall be very glad to know the author and the +exact whereabouts of the following lines, which I find quoted in a MS. +letter written from London to America, and dated 22nd October, 1767: + + "Whene'er I ask'd for blessings on your head, + Nothing was cold or formal that I said; + My warmest vows to Heaven were made for thee, + And love still mingled with my piety." + +W. B. R. + +Philadelphia, U. S. + +_Immoral Works._--What ought to be done with works of this class? It is +easy to answer, "destroy them:" but you and I know, and Mr. Macaulay has +acknowledged, that it is often necessary to rake into the filthiest +channels for historical and biographical evidence. I, personally, doubt +whether we are justified in destroying _any_ evidence, however loathsome +and offensive it may be. What, then, are we to do with it? It is impossible +to keep such works in a private library, even under lock and key, for death +opens locks more certainly than Mr. Hobbs himself. I think such ought to be +preserved in the British Museum, entered in its catalogue, but only +permitted to be seen on good reasons formally assigned in writing, and not +then allowed to pass into the reading-room. What is the rule at the Museum? + +I ask these questions because I have, by accident, become possessed of a +poem (about 1500 lines) which professes to be written by Lord Byron, is +addressed to Thomas Moore, and was printed abroad many years since. It +begins,-- + + "Thou ermin'd judge, pull off that sable cap." + +More specific reference will not be necessary for those who have seen the +work. Is the writer known? I am somewhat surprised that not one of Byron's +friends has, so far as I know, hinted a denial of the authorship; for, +scarce as {67} the work may be, I suppose some of them must have seen it; +and, under existing circumstances, it is possible that a copy might get +into the hands of a desperate creature who would hope to make a profit, by +republishing it with Byron's and Moore's names in the title-page. + +I. W. + +_Arms at Bristol._--In a window now repairing in Bristol Cathedral is this +coat:--Arg. on a chevron or (_false heraldry_), three stags' heads +caboshed. Whose coat is this? It is engraved in Lysons' _Gloucestershire +Antiquities_ without name. + +E. D. + +_Passage in Thomson._--In Thomson's "Hymn to the Seasons," line 28, occurs +the following passage: + + "But wandering oft, with brute, unconscious gaze, + Man marks not Thee; marks not the mighty hand + That, ever busy, wheels the silent spheres; + Works in the secret deep; shoots, _steaming_, thence + The fair profusion that o'erspreads the spring," &c. + +Can any of your readers oblige by saying whether the word _steaming_, in +the fourth line of the quotation, is the correct reading? If so, in what +sense it can be understood? if not, whether _teeming_ is not probably the +correct word? + +W. M. P. + +"_For God will be your King to-day._"-- + + "For God will be your King to-day, + And I'll be general under." + +My grandmother, who was a native of Somersetshire, and born in 1750, used +to recite a ballad to my mother, when a child, of which the above lines are +the only ones remembered. + +Do they refer to the rising under the Duke of Monmouth? And where can the +whole of the ballad be found? + +M. A. S. + +35. Dover Road. + +"_See where the startled wild fowl._"--Where are the following lines to be +found? I copy them from the print of Landseer's, called "The Sanctuary." + + "See where the startled wild fowl screaming rise, + And seek in martial flight those golden skies. + Yon wearied swimmer scarce can win the land, + His limbs yet falter on the wat'ry strand. + Poor hunted hart! the painful struggle o'er, + How blest the shelter of that island shore! + There, while he sobs his panting heart to rest, + Nor hound nor hunter shall his lair molest." + +G. B. W. + +_Ascension-day._--Was "Ascension-day" ever kept a close holiday the same as +Good Friday and Christmas-day? And, if so, when was such custom disused? + +H. A. HAMMOND. + +_The Grogog of a Castle._--It appears by a record of the Irish Exchequer of +3 Edw. II., that one Walter Haket, constable of Maginnegan's Castle in the +co. of Dublin, confined one of the King's officers in the _Grogog_ thereof. +Will you permit me to inquire, whether this term has been applied to the +prison of castles in England? + +J. F. F. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +CANONGATE MARRIAGES. + +(Vol. v., p. 320.) + +I had hoped that the inquiry of R. S. F. would have drawn out some of your +Edinburgh correspondents; but, as they are silent upon a subject they might +have invested with interest, allow me to say a word upon these Canongate +marriages. I need not, I think, tell R. S. F. how loosely our countrymen, +at the period alluded to, and long subsequent thereto, looked upon the +marriage tie; as almost every one who has had occasion to touch upon our +_domestic_ manners and customs has pointed at, what appeared to them, and +what really was, an anomaly in the character of a nation somewhat boastful +of their better order and greater sense of propriety and decorum. + +Besides the incidental notices of travellers, the legal records of Scotland +are rife with examples of litigation arising out of these irregular +marriages; and upon a review of the whole history of such in the north, it +cannot be denied that, among our staid forefathers, "matrimony was more a +matter of merriment"[2] than a solemn and religious engagement. + +The Courts in Scotland usually _frowned_ upon cases submitted to them where +there was a strong presumption that either party had been victimised by the +other; but, unfortunately, the requirements were so simple, and the +facility of procuring witnesses so great, that many a poor frolicksome +fellow paid dearly for his joke by finding himself suddenly transformed, +from a bachelor, to a spick and span Benedict; and that too upon evidences +which would not in these days have sent a fortune-telling impostor to the +tread-mill: the lords of the justiciary being content that some one had +heard him use the endearing term of wife to the pursuer, or had witnessed a +mock form at an obscure public-house, or that the parties were by habit and +repute man and wife. How truly then may it have been said, that a man in +the Northern Capital, so open to imposition, scarcely knew whether he was +married or not. + +In cases where the ceremony was performed, it {68} did not follow that the +priest of Hymen should be of the clerical profession: + + "To tie the knot," says John Hope, "there needed none; + He'd find a clown, in brown, or gray, + Booted and spurr'd, should preach and pray; + And, without stir, grimace, or docket, + Lug out a pray'r-book from his pocket; + And tho' he blest in wond'rous haste, + Should tie them most securely fast." + _Thoughts_, 1780. + +In Chambers's _Traditions of Edinburgh_, there is a slight allusion to +these Canongate marriages: + + "The White Horse Inn," says he, "in a close in the Canongate, is an + exceedingly interesting old house of entertainment. It was also + remarkable for the runaway couples from England, who were married in + its large room." + +The White Hart, in the Grass-market, appears to have been another of these +Gretna Green houses. + +A curious fellow, well known in Edinburgh at the period referred to, was +the high priest of the Canongate hymeneal altar. I need hardly say this was +the famous "Claudero, the son of Nimrod the Mighty Hunter," as he +grandiloquently styled himself: otherwise James Wilson, a disgraced +schoolmaster, and poet-laureate to the Edinburgh _canaille_. In the large +rooms of the above inns, this comical fellow usually presided, and +administered relief to gallant swains and love-sick damsels, and a most +lucrative trade he is said to have made of it:-- + + "Claudero's skull is ever dull, + Without the sterling shilling:" + +in allusion to their being called half-merk or shilling marriages. + +Chambers gives an illustrative anecdote of our subjects' matrimonial +practices in that of a soldier and a countryman seeking from Wilson a cast +of his office: from the first Claudero took his shilling, but demanded from +the last a fee of five, observing-- + + "I'll hae this sodger ance a week a' the times he's in Edinburgh, and + you (the countryman) I winna see again." + +The Scottish poetical antiquary is familiar with this eccentric character; +but it may not be uninteresting to your general readers to add, that when +public excitement in Edinburgh ran high against the Kirk, the lawyers, +meal-mongers, or other _rogues_ in _grain_, Claudero was the vehicle +through which the democratic voice found vent in squibs and broadsides +fired at the offending party or obnoxious measure from his lair in the +Canongate. + +In his _Miscellanies_, Edin. 1766, now before me, Claudero's cotemporary, +Geordie Boick, in a poetical welcome to London, thus compliments Wilson, +and bewails the condition of the modern Athens under its bereavement of the +poet: + + "The ballad-singers and the printers, + Must surely now have starving winters; + Their press they may break a' in splinters, + I'm told they swear, + Claudero's Muse, alas! we've tint her + For ever mair." + +For want of Claudero's _lash_, his eulogist goes on to say: + + "Now Vice may rear her hydra head, + And strike defenceless Virtue dead; + Religion's heart may melt and bleed, + With grief and sorrow, + Since Satire from your streets is fled, + Poor Edenburrow!" + +Claudero was, notwithstanding, a sorry poet, a lax moralist, and a sordid +parson; but peace to the manes of the man, or his successor in the latter +office, who gave me in that same long room of the White Horse in the +Canongate of Edinburgh the best parents son was ever blest with! + +J. O. + +[Footnote 2: _Letters from Edinburgh_, London, 1776. See also, _Letters +from a Gentleman in Scotland to his Friend in England_ (commonly called +_Burt's Letters_): London, 1754.] + + * * * * * + +LADY KATHERINE GREY. + +(Vol. vi., p. 578.) + +There appears to be some doubt if the alleged marriage ever did take place, +for I find, in Baker's _Chronicles_, p. 334., that in 1563 "divers great +persons were questioned and condemned, but had their lives spared," and +among them-- + + "Lady Katherine Grey, daughter to Henry Grey Duke of Suffolk, by the + eldest daughter of Charles Brandon, having formerly been married to the + Earl of Pembroke's eldest son, and from him soon after lawfully + divorced, was some years after found to be with child by Edward Seymour + Earl of Hartford, who, being at that time in France, was presently sent + for: and being examined before the Archbishop of Canterbury, and + affirming they were lawfully married, but not being able within a + limited time to produce witnesses of their marriage, they were both + committed to the Tower." + +After some further particulars of the birth of a second child in the Tower, +the discharge of the Lieutenant, Sir Edward Warner, and the fining of the +Earl by the Star Chamber, to the extent of 5000l., the narrative proceeds: + + "Though in pleading of his case, one John Hales argued they were lawful + man and wife _by virtue of their own bare consent, without any + ecclesiastical ceremony_." + +Collins, in his _Peerage_ (1735), states: + + "The validity of this marriage being afterwards tried at Common Law, + the minister who married them being present, and other circumstances + agreeing, the jury (whereof John Digby, Esq., was foreman) found it a + good marriage." + +{69} + +Sharpe, in his _Peerage_ (1833), under the title "Stamford," says: + + "'The manner of her departing' _in the Tower_, which Mr. Ellis has + printed from a MS. so entitled in the Harleian Collection, although + less terrible, is scarcely less affecting than that of her heroic + sister," &c. + +Perhaps your correspondent A. S. A. may be enabled to consult this work, +and so ascertain further particulars. + +BROCTUNA. + +Bury, Lancashire. + + * * * * * + +HOWLETT THE ENGRAVER. + +(Vol. i., p. 321.) + +In your first Volume, an inquiry is made for information respecting the +above person. As I find on referring to the subsequent volumes of "N. & Q." +that the Query never received any reply, I beg to forward a cutting from +the Obituary of the _New Monthly Magazine_ for June, 1828, referring to +Howlett; concerning whom, however, I cannot give any further information. + + "MR. BARTHOLOMEW HOWLETT. + + "Lately in Newington, Surrey, aged sixty, Mr. Bartholomew Howlett, + antiquarian, draughtsman, and engraver. This artist was a pupil of Mr. + Heath, and for many years devoted his talents to the embellishment of + works on topography and antiquities. His principal publication, and + which will carry his name down to posterity with respect as an artist, + was _A Selection of Views in the County of Lincoln; comprising the + Principal Towns and Churches, the Remains of Castles and Religious + Houses, and Seats of the Nobility and Gentry; with Topographical and + Historical Accounts of each View_. This handsome work was completed in + 4to. in 1805. The drawings are chiefly by T. Girtin, Nattes, Nash, + Corbould, &c., and the engravings are highly creditable to the burin of + Mr. Howlett. Mr. Howlett was much employed by the late Mr. Wilkinson on + his _Londina Illustrata_; by Mr. Stevenson in his second edition of + Bentham's _Ely_; by Mr. Frost, in his recent _Notices of Hull_; and in + numerous other topographical works. He executed six plans and views for + Major Anderson's _Account of the Abbey of St. Denis_; and occasionally + contributed to the _Gentleman's Magazine_, and engraved several plates + for it. In 1817, Mr. Howlett issued proposals for _A Topographical + Account of Clapham, in the County of Surrey, illustrated by + Engravings_. These were to have been executed from drawings by himself, + of which he made several, and also formed considerable collections; but + we believe he only published one number, consisting of three plates and + no letter-press. We hope the manuscripts he has left may form a + groundwork for a future topographer. They form part of the large + collections for Surrey, in the hands of Mr. Tytam. In 1826, whilst the + Royal Hospital and Collegiate Church of St. Katharine, near the Tower, + was pulling down, he made a series of drawings on the spot, which it + was his intention to have engraved and published. But the greatest + effort of his pencil was in the service of his kind patron and friend, + John Caley, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A., keeper of the records in the + Augmentation Office. For this gentleman Mr. Howlett made finished + drawings from upwards of a thousand original seals of the monastic and + religious houses of this kingdom." + +B. HUDSON. + +Congleton, Cheshire. + + * * * * * + +CHAUCER. + +(Vol. vi., p. 603.) + +In reference to the question raised by J. N. B., what authority there is +for asserting that Chaucer pursued the study of the law at the Temple, I +send you the following extract from a sketch of his life by one of his +latest biographers, Sir Harris Nicolas: + + "It has been said that Chaucer was originally intended for the law, and + that, from some cause which has not reached us, and on which it would + be idle to speculate, the design was abandoned. The acquaintance he + possessed with the classics, with divinity, with astronomy, with so + much as was then known of chemistry, and indeed with every other branch + of the scholastic learning of the age, proves that his education had + been particularly attended to; and his attainments render it impossible + to believe that he quitted college at the early period at which persons + destined for a military life usually began their career. It was not + then the custom for men to pursue learning for its own sake; and the + most rational manner of accounting for the extent of Chaucer's + acquirements, is to suppose that he was educated for a learned + profession. The knowledge he displays of divinity would make it more + likely that he was intended for the church than for the bar, were it + not that the writings of the Fathers were generally read by all classes + of students. One writer says that Chaucer was a member of the Inner + Temple, and that while there he was fined two shillings for beating a + Franciscan friar in Fleet Street[3]; and another (Leland) observes, + that after he had travelled in France, 'collegia leguleiorum + frequentavit.' Nothing, however, is positively known of Chaucer until + the autumn of 1359, when he himself says he was in the army with which + Edward III. invaded France, and that he served for the first time on + that occasion." + +The following remarks are from the _Life of Chaucer_, by William Godwin, +Lond. 1803, vol. i. p. 357.: + + "The authority which of late has been principally relied upon with + respect to Chaucer's legal education is that of Mr. Speght, who, in his + _Life of Chaucer_, says, 'Not many yeeres since, Master Buckley did see + a record in the same house [the Inner Temple], where Geoffrey Chaucer + was fined two shillings for beating a Franciscane fryar in + Fleet-streete.' This certainly {70} would be excellent evidence, were + it not for the dark and ambiguous manner in which it is produced. I + should have been glad that Mr. Speght had himself seen the record, + instead of Master Buckley, of whom I suppose no one knows who he is: + why did he not? I should have been better satisfied if the authority + had not been introduced with so hesitating and questionable a phrase as + 'not many yeeres since;' and I also think that it would have been + better if Master Buckley had given us the date annexed to the record; + as we should then at least have had the satisfaction of knowing whether + it did not belong to some period before our author was born, or after + he had been committed to the grave. Much stress, therefore, cannot be + laid upon the supposition of Chaucer having belonged to the Society of + the Inner Temple." + +TYRO. + +Dublin. + +[Footnote 3: "Speght, who states that a Mr. Buckley had seen a record of +the Inner Temple to that effect."--_Note by Sir H. N._] + + * * * * * + +PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES. + +_Pyrogallic Acid_ (Vol. vi., p. 612.).--In answer to the Query of your +correspondent E. S., I beg to give the following method of preparing +pyrogallic acid (first published by Dr. Stenhouse), which I have tried and +found perfectly successful. + +Make a strong aqueous infusion of powdered galls; pour it off from the +undissolved residue, and carefully evaporate to dryness by a gentle heat: +towards the conclusion of the process the extract is very liable to burn; +this is best prevented by continued stirring with a glass or porcelain +spatula. Next, procure a flat-bottomed iron pan, about ten inches diameter +and five inches deep. Make a hat of cartridge paper pasted together, about +seven inches high, to slip over and accurately fit the top of the iron pan. +Strew the bottom of the pan with the gall extract to the depth of +three-quarters of an inch; over the top stretch and tie a piece of bibulous +paper pierced with numerous pin-holes; over this place the hat, and tie it +also tightly round the top of the pan. + +The whole apparatus is now to be placed in a sand-bath, and heat cautiously +applied. It is convenient to place a glass thermometer in the sand-bath as +near the iron pan as possible. The heat is to be continued about an hour, +and to be kept as near 420° Fah. as possible; on no account is it to exceed +450°. The vapour of the acid condenses in the hat, and the crystals are +prevented from falling back into the pan by the bibulous paper diaphragm. +When it is supposed that the whole of the acid is sublimed, the strings are +to be untied, and the hat and diaphragm cautiously taken off together; the +crystals will be found in considerable quantity, and should be removed into +a stoppered bottle; they should be very brilliant and perfectly white; if +there is any yellow tinge, the heat has been too great. + +I believe that close attention to the above details will ensure success to +any one who chooses to try the process, but at the same time I must remind +your correspondents that scarcely any operation in chemistry is perfectly +successful the first time of trial. + +J. G. H. + +Clapham. + +_Stereoscopic Pictures with One Camera_ (Vol. vi., p. 587.).--In reply to +the inquiry of RAMUS, allow me to say the matter is not difficult. My plan +is as follows:--Suppose a piece of still-life to be the subject. Set up the +camera at such a distance as will give a picture of the size intended, +suppose it sixteen feet from the principal and central object; by means of +a measuring tape or a piece of string, measure the exact distance from the +principal object to the front of the camera. Take and complete the first +picture; if it prove successful, remove the camera about two feet either to +the right or left of its first station (_i.e._ according to the judgment +formed as to which will afford the most artistic view of the subject), +taking care by help of the tape or string to preserve the same distance +between the principal object and the camera, and that the adjustment of +focus is not disturbed. In other words, the camera must be moved to another +part of the arc of a circle, of which the principal object is the centre, +and the measured distance the radius. If the arc through which the camera +is moved to its second station be too large, the stereoscopic picture will +be unnaturally and unpleasingly distorted. The second picture is now to be +taken. + +If the subject be a sitter, it is of the utmost importance to proceed as +quickly as possible, as the identical position must be retained movelessly +till both pictures are completed. This (in my experience) is scarcely +practicable with collodion pictures, unless by the aid of an assistant and +two levelled developing-stands in the dark closet; for the time occupied by +starting the first picture on its development, and preparing the second +glass plate (scarcely less than three or four minutes), will be a heavy tax +on the quiescent powers of the sitter. This difficulty is avoided by +adopting the Daguerreotype process, as the plates can be prepared +beforehand, and need not be developed before both pictures are taken. In +this case the only delay between the pictures is in the shifting the +position of the camera. This is readily done by providing a table of +suitable height (instead of the ordinary tripod), on which an arc of a +circle is painted, having for its centre the place of the sitter. If the +sitter be at the distance of eleven or twelve feet (my usual distance with +a 3¼ inch Voightlander), the camera need not be moved more than ten or +twelve inches; and even this distance produces some visible distortion to +an accurate observer. + +The second levelling stand is required when using the collodion process, +because the second {71} picture will be ready for development before the +developing and fixing of the first has set its stand at liberty. + +COKELY. + +_Mr. Crookes' Wax-paper Process_ (Vol. vi., p. 613.).--R. E. wishes to know +the exact meaning of the sentence, "With the addition of as _much free +iodine_ as will give it a sherry colour." After adding the iodide of +potassium to the water, a small quantity of iodine (this can be proctored +at any operative chemist's) is to be dissolved in the mixture until it be +of the proper colour. + +The paper is decidedly more sensitive if exposed wet, but it should not be +washed; and I think it is advisable to have a double quantity of nitrate of +silver in the exciting bath. I have not yet tried any other salt than +iodide of potassium for the first bath; but I hope before the summer to lay +before your readers a simpler, and I think superior wax-paper process, upon +which I am at present experimenting. + +WILLIAM CROOKES. + +Hammersmith. + +P.S.--I see that in the tables R. E. has given, he has nearly doubled the +strength of my iodine bath. It should be twenty-four grains to the ounce, +instead of forty-four; and he has entirely left out the iodine. + +_India Rubber a Substitute for Yellow Glass._--I think that I have made a +discovery which may be useful to photographers. It is known that some kinds +of yellow glass effectually obstruct the passage of the chemical rays, and +that other kinds do not, according to the manner in which the glass is +prepared. + +I have never heard or read of India rubber being used for this purpose; but +I believe it will be found perfectly efficient, and will therefore state +how I arrived at this conclusion. + +Having occasion to remove a slate from the side of my roof, to make an +opening for my camera, I thought of a sheet of India rubber to supply the +place of the slate, and thus obtain a flexible waterproof covering to +exclude the wet, and to open and shut at pleasure. This succeeded +admirably, but I found that I had also obtained a deep rich yellow window, +which perfectly lighted a large closet, previously quite dark, and in which +for the last ten days I have excited and developed the most sensitive +iodized collodion on glass. I therefore simply announce the fact, as it may +be of some importance, if verified by others and by further experiment. I +have not yet tested it with a lens and the solution of sulphite of quinine, +as I wished the sun to shine on the sheet of India rubber at the time, +which would decide the question. However, sheet India rubber can be +obtained of any size and thickness required: mine is about one-sixteenth of +an inch thick, and one foot square; and the advantages over glass would be +great in some cases, especially for a dark tent in the open air, as any +amount of light might be obtained by stitching a sheet of India rubber into +the side, which would fold up without injury. It is possible that gutta +percha windows would answer the same purpose. + +H. Y. W. N. + +Brompton. + +_Dr. Diamond's Paper Processes._--We have been requested to call attention +to, and to correct several errors of the press overlooked by us in DR. +DIAMOND'S article, in the hurry of preparing our enlarged Number (No. +166.). The most important is in the account of the _exciting_ fluid,--the +omission, at p. 21. col. 1. l. 47. (after directions to take one drachm of +aceto-nitrate of silver), of the words "_one drachm of saturated solution +of gallic acid_." The passage should run thus: "Of this solution take one +drachm, and one drachm of saturated solution of gallic acid, and add to it +two ounces and a half of distilled water." + +In the same page, col. 2. l. 13., "solvent" should be "saturated;" and in +the same article, _passim_, "hyposulphate" should be "hyposulphite," and +"solari_s_e" should be "solari_z_e." + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Ancient Timber Town-halls._--Since my account of ancient town-halls (Vol. +v., p. 470.) was written, one of these fabrics of the olden time noticed +therein has ceased to exist, that of Kington, co. Hereford, it having been +taken down early in November last, but for what reason I have not learned. +Another, formerly standing in the small town of Church Stretton, in the co. +of Salop, which was erected upon wooden pillars, and constructed entirely +of timber, must have been a truly picturesque building, was taken down in +September, 1840. A woodcut of the latter is now before me. Of the old +market-house at Leominster I possess a very beautiful original drawing, +done by Mr. Carter upwards of half a century ago. + +J. B. WHITBORNE. + +_Magnetic Intensity_ (Vol. vi., p. 578.).--The magnetic intensity is +greatest at the poles; the ratio may roughly be said to be 1.3, but more +accurately 1 to 2.906. This is found by observation of the oscillations of +a vertical or horizontal needle. A needle which made 245 oscillations in +ten minutes at Paris, made only 211 at 7° 1' south lat. in Peru. The +intensity and variations to which it is subject is strictly noted at all +the magnetic observatories, and I believe the disturbances of intensity +which sometimes occur have been found to be simultaneous by a comparison of +observations at different latitudes. + +For the fullest information on magnetic intensity, ADSUM is referred to +Sabine's _Report on_ {72} _Magnetic Intensity_, also Sabine's +_Contributions to Terrestrial Magnetism_, 1843, No. V. + +T. B. + +_Monument at Wadstena_ (Vol. vi., pp. 388. 518.).--I have received the +following (which I translate) from my friend in Denmark, whom I mentioned +in my last communication on this monument: + + "It is only about a month since I saw Queen Philippa's tombstone in the + church of Vadstena Monastery. It is a very large stone, on which the + device and inscription are cut in outline, but there is no _brass_ + about it. King Erik Menved's and Queen Ingeberg's monument in Ringsted + Church is the finest brass I ever saw, and I have seen many." + +There is a good engraving of the brass alluded to, which is a very rich +one, in _Antiquariske Annaler_, vol. iii.: Copenhagen, 1820. The +inscriptions are curious, and the date 1319. + +W. C. TREVELYAN. + +Wallington. + +_David Routh, R. C. Bishop of Ossory_ (Vol. iii., p. 169.).--In the article +on a Cardinal's Monument, by MR. J. GRAVES, of Kilkenny, allusion is made +to the monument of the above Catholic Bishop Routh or Rothe, as being in +the Cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny, with his arms "surmounted by a +_cardinal's hat_," and that he died some years after 1643. If MR. GRAVES +would give the date of this prelate's decease, or rather a copy of the full +inscription on his monument, with a notice of the sculptured armorial +bearings thereupon, he would be conferring a favour on a distant inquirer; +and as MR. GRAVES is, apparently, a resident at Kilkenny, no obstacle +exists to prevent his complying with this request. + +Any notices procurable regarding Bishop Routh are well deserving of +insertion in "N. & Q.," for he was a man of deep learning and research, and +is well known to have assisted the celebrated Archbishop Ussher of Armagh +in the compilation of his _Primordia_, for which he had high compliments +paid him by that eminent prelate, notwithstanding their being of different +religions. + +Bishop Routh was also himself the author of a work on _Irish Ecclesiastical +History_, now very rare, and seldom procurable complete. He published it +anonymously, in two volumes 8vo., in the year 1617, at "Coloniæ, apud +Steph. Rolinum," with the following rather long title: + + "Analecta Sacra, Nova, et Mira, de Rebus Catholicorum in Hibernia: + Divisa in tres partes, quarum I, Continet semestrem gravaminam + relationem, secundâ hac editione novis adauctam additamentis, et Notis + illustratam. II. Parænesin ad Martyres designatos. III. Processum + Martyrialem quorundam Fidei Pugilium; Collectore et Relatore, T. N. + Philadelpho." + +I fear this has degenerated from a Note into a Query; however, I may state +in conclusion, that MR. GRAVES is in error in styling the hat on Bishop +Routh's monument a cardinal's, for all Catholic prelates, and abbots also, +have their armorial bearings surmounted by a hat, exactly similar to a +cardinal's hat, with this difference only, that the number of tassels +depending from it varies according to the rank of the prelate, from the +_cardinal's_ with fifteen tassels in five rows, down to that of a _prior_ +with three only on each side in two rows. + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_Cardinal Erskine_ (Vol. ii., p. 406.; Vol. iii., p. 13.).--Several notices +of this ecclesiastic have appeared in "N. & Q.," but as none of them give +the exact information required, I now do so, though perhaps tardily. He was +born 13th February, 1753, at Rome, where his father, Colin Erskine, a +Jacobite, and exiled scion of the noble Scottish house of Erskine, Earls of +Kellie, had taken up his residence. "Monsignor Charles Erskine," having +embraced the ecclesiastical life at an early age, and passed through +several gradations in the Church of Rome, was, in 1785, "Promotore della +Fede," an office of the Congregation of Rites; in 1794 auditor to Pope Pius +VI., and raised to the purple by Pope Pius VII., who created him a +_Cardinal_-Deacon of the Holy Roman Church, 25th February, 1801. Cardinal +Erskine accompanied the latter pontiff in his exile from Rome in the year +1809, and died at Paris, 19th March, 1811, in the fifty-eighth year of his +age, and eleventh of his cardinalate. + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_"Ne'er to these chambers," &c._ (Vol. vii., p. 14.).--In reply to ARAM'S +Query: "Where do these lines come from?" they come from Tickell's sublime +and pathetic "Elegy on the Death of Addison." ARAM ("Wits have short +memories," &c.) has _misquoted_ them. In a poem of so high a mood, to +_displace_ a word is to destroy a beauty. ARAM has _interpolated_ several +words. The following is the _true_ version: + + "Ne'er to these chambers, where the mighty rest, + Since their foundation, came a nobler guest, + Nor e'er was to the bowers of bliss convey'd + A fairer spirit, or more welcome shade." + +GEORGE DANIEL. + +Canonbury. + +These lines are taken from the "Elegy on the Death of Addison," written by +Tickell. They are, if I remember rightly, inscribed on the gravestone +recently placed over his remains by the Earl of Ellesmere, in the north +aisle of Henry VII.'s Chapel. The last two lines which your correspondent +quotes should be as follows: + + "Nor _e'er was to the bowers of bliss convey'd_ + A _fairer_ spirit, or more welcome shade." + +J. K. R. W. + +{73} + +_The Budget_ (Vol. vi., p. 604.).--It may be useful to inform +PRESTONIENSIS, that, in a recent work on political economy, M. Ch. Coquelin +says, that the word _budget_, in its present signification, has passed into +France from England: the latter country having first borrowed it from the +old French language--_bougette_ signifying (and particularly in old Norman) +a leather purse. It was the custom in England to put into a leather bag the +estimates of receipts and expenditure presented to parliament: and hence, +as Coquelin observes, the term passed from the containant to the contained, +and, with this new signification, returned from this country into France; +where it was first used in an official manner in the _arrêtés_ of the +Consul's 4th Themidor, year X, and 17th Germinal, year XI. + +F. H. + +"_Catching a Tartar_" (Vol. vi., p. 317.).--This common and expressive +saying is thus explained in Arvine's _Cyclopædia_: + + "In some battle between the Russians and the Tartars, who are a wild + sort of people in the north of Asia, a private soldier called out, + 'Captain, halloo there! I've caught a Tartar!' 'Fetch him along then,' + said the Captain. 'Ay, but he won't let me,' said the man. And the fact + was the Tartar had caught him. So when a man thinks to take another in, + and gets himself bit, they say he's caught a Tartar." + +Grose says that this saying originated with an Irish soldier who was in the +"Imperial," that is, I suppose he means the Austrian service. This is +hardly probable; the Irish are made to father many sayings which do not +rightly belong to them, and this I think may be safely written as one among +the number. + +EIRIONNACH has now two references before him, Grose's _Glossary_ and +Arvine's _Cyclopædia_, in which his Query is partly explained, if he can +but find the dates of their publication. In this search I regret I cannot +assist him, as neither of these works are to be found in the libraries of +this island; at least thus far I have not been able to meet with them. + +W. W. + +Malta. + +_The Termination "-itis"_ (Vol. vii., p. 13.).--ADSUM asks: "What is the +derivation of the term _-itis_, used principally in medical words, and +these signifying, inflammation?" If "N. & Q." were a medical journal, the +question might be answered at length, to the great advantage of the +profession; for, of late years, this termination has been tacked on by +medical writers, especially foreigners, to words of all kinds, in utter +defiance of the rules of language: as if a Greek affix were quite a natural +ending to a Latin or French noun. _-itis_ can with propriety be appended +only to those Greek nouns whose adjectives end in [Greek: -itês]: _e.g._ +[Greek: pleura, pleuritês]; [Greek: keras, keratitês], &c. [Greek: +Pleuritis] is used by Hippocrates. [Greek: Pleura] means the membrane +lining the side of the chest: [Greek: pleuritis] ([Greek: nodos] +understood) is morbus lateralis, the side-disease, or pleurisy. In the same +manner _keratitis_ is a very legitimate synonym for disease of the horny +coat (cornea) of the eye. But medical writers, disregarding the rules of +language, have, for some years past, revelled in the use of their favourite +_-itis_ to a most ludicrous extent. Thus, from _cornea_, they make +"corneitis," and describe an inflammation of the crystalline lens as +_lentitis_. Nay, some French and German writers on diseases of the eyes +have coined the monstrous word "Descemetitis," on the ground that one +Monsieur Descemet discovered a structure in the eye, which, out of +compliment to him, was called "the membrane of Descemet." + +JAYDEE. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +DEFENCE OF USURY, by BENTHAM. (A Tract.) + +TREATISE ON LAW, by MACKINLOCH. + +TWO DISCOURSES OF PURGATORY AND PRAYERS FOR THE DEAD, by WM. WAKE. 1687. + +WHAT THE CHARTISTS ARE. A Letter to English Working Men, by a +Fellow-Labourer. 12mo. London, 1848. + +LETTER OF CHURCH RATES, by RALPH BARNES. 8vo. London, 1837. + +COLMAN'S TRANSLATION OF HORACE DE ARTE POETICA. 4to. 1783. + +CASAUBON'S TREATISE ON GREEK AND ROMAN SATIRE. + +BOSCAWEN'S TREATISE ON SATIRE. London, 1797. + +JOHNSON'S LIVES (Walker's Classics). Vol. I. + +TITMARSH'S PARIS SKETCH-BOOK. Post 8vo. Vol. I. Macrone, 1840. + +ARCHBISHOP LEIGHTON'S WORKS. Vol. IV. 8vo Edition. 1819. + +FIELDING'S WORKS. Vol. XI. (being second of "Amelia.") 12mo. 1808. + +HOLCROFT'S LAVATER. Vol. I. 8vo. 1789. + +OTWAY. Vols. I. and II. 8vo. 1768. + +EDMONDSON'S HERALDRY. Vol. II. Folio, 1780. + +SERMONS AND TRACTS, by W. ADAMS, D.D. + +THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE for January 1851. + +BEN JONSON'S WORKS. (London, 1716. 6 Vols.) Vol. II. wanted. + +THE PURSUIT OF KNOWLEDGE. (Original Edition.) Vol. I. + +RAPIN'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 8vo. Vols. I., III. and V. of the CONTINUATION +by TINDAL. 1744. + +SHARPE'S PROSE WRITERS. Vol. IV. 21 Vols. 1819. Piccadilly. + +INCHBALD'S BRITISH THEATRE. Vol. XXIV. 25 Vols. Longman. + +MEYRICK'S ANCIENT ARMOUR, by SKELTON. Part XVI. + +*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send +their names._ + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet street. + + * * * * * + +Notices to Correspondents. + +_Owing to the necessity of infringing on the present Number for the +Title-page of our Sixth Volume, we are compelled to omit many interesting +communications, and also our usual_ NOTES ON BOOKS, _&c._ + +B. H. C._'s communication on the subject of "Proclamations" has been +forwarded to_ MR. BRUCE. {74} + +A. S. T. _The line is from Prior_: + + "Fine by degrees and beautifully less." + +T. M. G. (Worcester) _is thanked_. _As the entire document would not occupy +any great space, we shall be obliged by the opportunity of inserting it._ + +NOTES ON OLD LONDON _have only been thrust aside_. _They are intended for +early insertion._ + +M. B. C. _We fear this cannot be avoided. The only consolation is, the +additional interest with which the volumes will be regarded a century +hence._ + +N. C. L., _who writes respecting Shaw's_ Stafford MSS., _is requested to +say how a communication may be forwarded to him_. + +A READER, _who writes respecting the "Arnold Family," the same_. + +W. S.'s (Sheffield) _communications are at press, and shall have early +attention_. + +J. E. L. _is thanked_. _We can assure him that the present result of much +consideration and many communications, both by letter and personally, is to +impress us with the feeling that the majority approve. The book-men shall, +however, be no losers._ + +NEW ORDINARY OF ARMS. _The anonymous Correspondent on this subject will +obtain the information of which he is in search on reference to its Editor, +Mr. J. W. Papworth, 14 A. Great Marlborough Street, London._ + +ALDIBORONTOPHOSKOPHORNIO--WORLD WITHOUT A SUN. _The many Correspondents who +have replied to these Queries are thanked._ + +C. (Pontefract) _is requested to forward copies of the Queries in +question_. + +REV. E. B. (B***) _is requested to state the subject of his communication. +In his last very extraordinary letter he has omitted this important piece +of information._ + +C. E. F. _who complains of the disappearance of a portion of the collodion +film at the spot where the hyposulphite of soda is applied, is informed +that this is by no means an uncommon occurrence, and indicates the feeble +action of the light at the present time of year. By using the glass a +little larger than is required, as has been before recommended, and pouring +the hyposulphite of soda on the portion which is to be cut off, and +allowing it to flow over the picture, the defect will generally be avoided. +A much stronger solution of the hyposulphite of soda may be used--say, one +ounce to two ounces of water; and then, by preserving the solution, and +using it over and over again, a more agreeable picture is produced. The +solution, when it becomes weak, may be refreshed by a few crystals of the +fresh salt added to it._ + +F. W. _If the bath of nitrate of silver produces the semi-opaque appearance +upon the collodion, in all probability there is no hyposulphite of soda in +the bath: three or four drops of tincture of iodine added to each ounce of +the solution of nitrate of silver in the bath, often acts very +beneficially. All doubtful solutions of nitrate of silver it is well to +precipitate by means of common salt, collect the chloride, and reduce it +again to its metallic state. The paper process described by DR. DIAMOND in +our 166th Number is calculated both for positives and negatives._ + +"Notes and Queries" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country +Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcel, and deliver them to +their Subscribers on the Saturday_. + + * * * * * + + +THE ECLECTIC REVIEW for JANUARY, price 1s. 6d., or by post 2s. (commencing +a new volume), contains: + + I. The Hungarian Struggle and Arthur Görgey. + II. Scottish Preachers and Preaching. + III. Thackeray's History of Colonel Esmond. + IV. British South Africa. + V. Solwan; or Waters of Comfort. + VI. Religious Persecutions in Tuscany. + VII. The Distribution of the Representation. + VIII. Review of the Month, &c. &.c + +This day is published, No. IX., price 1s. (80 pp.), + +THE HOMILIST; and Bi-Monthly Pulpit Review. + + CONTENTS: + + HOMILY:--The Historic Forms of Anti-Theism. + + GERMS OF THOUGHT. + + THE GENIUS OF THE GOSPEL:--The Temptation of Christ; or, the Typal + Battle of the Good. + + GLANCES AT SOME OF THE GREAT PREACHERS OF ENGLAND:--Hugh Latimer. + + THEOLOGICAL AND PULPIT LITERATURE:--Schleiermacher. Wellington and the + Pulpit. + +No. X. will be published on the 1st of March. + + WARD & CO., 27. Paternoster Row. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, 1 vol. 8vo., price 9s. + +ANCIENT IRISH MINSTRELSY, by REV. W. HAMILTON DRUMMOND, D.D., M.R.S.A. + + "A graceful addition to the lover of Ancient Minstrelsy, whether he be + Irishman or not. A man need not be English to enjoy the Chevy Chace, + nor Scotch to value the Border Minstrelsy. The extracts we have given + from Dr. Drummond's work, so full of force and beauty, will satisfy + him, we trust, he need not be Irish to enjoy the fruits of Dr. D.'s + labours."--_The Dublin Advocate._ + +Dublin: HODGES & SMITH, Grafton Street. London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO., +4. Stationers' Hall Court. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, Vol. I., 2l. 12s. 6d. + +DETAILS OF GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE, measured and drawn from existing Examples, +by J. K. COLLING, Architect. + +No. XXV. of Vol. II. contains: + + West Doorway of North Aisle, Kingsbury Church, Warwick. South Doorway, + Ebony Chapel, Kent. + + Corbel from the Mayor's Chapel, Bristol. + + Sedilia and Piscina in the Chantry Chapel, Bitton Church, + Gloucestershire. + + Ditto, Ditto, Section and Details. + + Naves, Piers, and Arches, Wittersham Church, Kent. Ditto, Fishtoft + Church, Lincoln, Ditto, St. Mary's Church, Scarborough. + +Also, + +GOTHIC ORNAMENTS, + +Being a Series of Examples of enriched Details and Accessories of the +Architecture of Great Britain. Drawn from existing Authorities by JAMES K. +COLLING, Architect. 2 vols. 4to., 7l. 10s., cloth. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street, and DAVID BOGUE. + + * * * * * + + +To Members of Learned Societies, Authors, &c. + +ASHBEE & DANGERFIELD, LITHOGRAPHERS, DRAUGHTSMEN, AND PRINTERS, 18. Broad +Court, Long Acre. + +A. & D. respectfully beg to announce that they devote particular attention +to the execution of ANCIENT AND MODERN FAC-SIMILES, comprising Autograph +Letters, Deeds, Charters, Title-pages, Engravings, Woodcuts, &c., which +they produce from any description of copies with the utmost accuracy, and +without the slightest injury to the originals. + +Among the many purposes to which the art of Lithography is most +successfully applied, may be specified,--ARCHÆOLOGICAL DRAWINGS, +Architecture, Landscapes, Marine Views, Portraits from Life or Copies, +Illuminated MSS., Monumental Brasses, Decorations, Stained Glass Windows, +Maps, Plans, Diagrams, and every variety of illustrations requisite for +Scientific and Artistic Publications. + +PHOTOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS lithographed with the greatest care and exactness. + +LITHOGRAPHIC OFFICES, 18. Broad Court, Long Acre, London. + + * * * * * + + + Twenty-five Letters of Nelson, near One Hundred interesting Letters of + the Duke of Wellington, Important State Papers illustrative of the + Reign of George III., and other very valuable Autographs. + +PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by +AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on TUESDAY, January 24, and +Two following Days, a Valuable Assemblage of Autograph Letters, in the +finest preservation; including the Joint Collections of S. J. PRATT and DR. +MAVOR; amongst which will be found many Letters of great Rarity and +Interest, Selections from the Fairfax and Rupert Correspondence, &c. + +Catalogues will be sent on Application (if in the Country, on receipt of +Six Stamps). + + * * * * * + + + Theology, Voyages and Travels, American History and Literature, and the + celebrated Copy of the Scriptures known as "The Bowyer Bible." + +PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by +AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on SATURDAY, Feb. 26, and +Five following Days, an Extensive and Valuable Collection of Curious and +Interesting Voyages and Travels, many of which relate to America, the East +and West Indies, &c.: also valuable Theological Books, including a large +Collection of the Works of Puritan Writers; to which is added, the +Celebrated Copy of the Holy Scriptures, known as + +"THE BOWYER BIBLE," + +the most extensively Illustrated Book extant formed at a cost of several +Thousand Pounds; the elaborately Carved Oak Case to contain the same, &c. + +Catalogues are preparing, and may shortly be had. + + * * * * * + + +Recently published, price 2d. + +DEATH THE LEVELLER. A Sermon preached in Ecclesfield Parish Church, by the +REV. ALFRED GATTY, M.A., Vicar, on the 21st of November, 1852, the Sunday +after the Funeral of the Duke of Wellington. + +Published by Request. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +{75} + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from ls. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, + +65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +MR. HENRI VAN LAUN assists Gentlemen in obtaining a critical knowledge of +the French, German, and Dutch languages. From his acquaintance with the +ancient as well as the modern literature of these three languages, and also +with the best English authors, he can render his lessons valuable to +gentlemen pursuing antiquarian or literary researches. He also undertakes +the translation of Manuscripts. Communications to be addressed, pre-paid. +ANDREW'S Library, 167. New Bond Street. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + _Directors._ + H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq. + William Cabell, Esq. + T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. + G. Henry Drew, Esq. + William Evans, Esq. + William Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. Henry Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + James Hunt, Esq. + J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + James Lys Seager, Esq. + J. Basley White, Esq. + Joseph Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._ + W. 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Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age £ s. d. + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICALS of absolute Purity, especially prepared for this +Art, may be procured from R.W. THOMAS, Operative Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, +whose well-known Preparation of Xylo-Iodide of Silver is pronounced by the +most eminent scientific men of the day to excel every other Photographic +Compound in sensitiveness, and in the marvellous vigour uniformly preserved +in the middle tints of pictures produced by it. MR. R. W. THOMAS cautions +Photographers against unprincipled persons who (from the fact of Xyloidin +and Collodion being synonymous terms) would lead them to imagine that the +inferior compound sold by them at half the price is identical with his +preparation. In some cases, even the name of MR. T.'s Xylo-Iodide of Silver +has been assumed. In order to prevent such dishonourable practice, each +bottle sent from his Establishment is stamped with a red label bearing his +signature, to counterfeit which is felony. + +Prepared solely by R. W. THOMAS, Chemist, &c., 10. Pall Mall. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions may +be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured +Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of +Photography in all its Branches. + +Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope. + + BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument + Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS and VIEWS by the Collodion and Waxed Paper Process. +Apparatus, Materials, and Pure Chemical Preparation for the above +processes, Superior Iodized Collodion, known by the name of Collodio-iodide +or Xylo-iodide of Silver, 9d. per oz. Pyro-gallic Acid, 4s. per drachm. +Acetic Acid, suited for Collodion Pictures, 8d. per oz. Crystallizable and +perfectly pure, on which the success of the Calo-typist so much depends, +1s. per oz. Canson Frère's Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive do., 4s. 6d.; La +Croix, 3s.; Turner, 3s. Whatman's Negative and Positive, 3s. per quire. +Iodized Waxed Paper, 10s. 6d. per quire. Sensitive Paper ready for the +Camera, and warranted to keep from fourteen to twenty days, with directions +for use, 11 x 9, 9s. per doz.; Iodized, only 6s. per doz. + + GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS (sole Agents for Voightlander & Sons' celebrated + Lenses), Foster Lane, London. + + * * * * * + + +TO PHOTOGRAPHERS.--MR. PHILIP DELAMOTTE begs to announce that he has now +made arrangements for printing Calotypes in large or small quantities, +either from Paper or Glass Negatives. Gentlemen who are desirous of having +good impressions of their works, may see specimens of Mr. Delamotte's +Printing at his own residence, 38. Chepstow Place, Bayswater, or at + +MR. GEORGE BELL'S, 186 Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, +Sanford's, and Canson Frère's make. Waxed-Paper for Le Grey's Process. +Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. + +Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. +Paternoster Row, London. + + * * * * * + + +GENERAL CORNWALLIS. + +An original Portrait for Sale, by COTES. + +Address H. W., care of Samuel Edwards, Esq., 16. Harpur Street, Red Lion +Square. + + * * * * * + + +CHEAP BOOKS.--Just Published, a Catalogue of Second-Hand Books (many +curious), on Sale for Ready Money, by J. CROZIER. No. 5. New Turnstile +(near Lincoln's Inn Fields), Holborn. + + * * * * * + + +ARCHER'S PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.--This very useful apparatus for working the +various Photographic Processes in the open air, without the aid of any tent +or dark chamber, can only be obtained of MR. ARCHER, 105. Great Russell +Street, Bloomsbury. These Cameras are made either folding or otherwise. +Also a portable folding Tripod Stand, so constructed that the Camera can be +raised or lowered, at pleasure. Achromatic Fluid and other Lenses from 2l. +2s. to 6l. 6s. Iodized Collodion, 10s. per lb., 9d. per oz.; and all +Chemicals of the best quality. + +Practical Instruction given in the Art. + + * * * * * + + +TO PHOTOGRAPHERS.--Pure Chemicals, with every requisite for the practice of +photography, according to the instructions of Hunt, Le Grey, Brébisson, &c. +&c., may be obtained of WILLIAM BOLTON, Manufacturer of pure chemicals for +Photographic and other purposes. + +Lists of Prices to be had on application. + +146. Holborn Bars. + + * * * * * + + +RALPH'S SERMON PAPER,--This approved Paper is particularly deserving the +notice of the Clergy, as, from its particular form (each page measuring 5¾ +by 9 inches), it will contain more matter than the size in ordinary use: +and, from the width being narrower, is much more easy to read: adapted for +expeditious writing with either the quill or metallic pen; price 5s. per +ream. Sample on application. + +ENVELOPE PAPER.--To identify the contents with the address and postmark, +important in all business communications; it admits of three clear pages +(each measuring 5½ by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves time and is +more economical. Price 9s. 6d. per ream. + +F. W. RALPH Manufacturing Stationer, 36. Throgmorton Street, Bank. + + * * * * * + + +KERR & STRANG, Perfumers and Wig-Makers, 124. Leadenhall Street, London, +respectfully inform the Nobility and Public that they have invented and +brought to the greatest perfection the following leading articles, besides +numerous others:--Their Ventilating Natural Curl; Ladies and Gentlemen's +PERUKES, either Crops or Full Dress, with Partings and Crowns so natural as +to defy detection, and with or without their improved Metallic Springs; +Ventilating Fronts, Bandeaux, Borders, Nattes, Bands à la Reine, &c.; also +their instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the only dye that really answers for +all colours, and never fades nor acquires that unnatural red or purple tint +common to all other dyes; it is permanent, free of any smell, and perfectly +harmless. Any lady or gentleman, sceptical of its effects in dyeing any +shade of colour, can have it applied, free of any charge, at KERR & +STRANG'S, 124. Leadenhall Street. + +Sold in Cases at 7s. 6d., 15s., and 20s. Samples, 3s. 6d., sent to all +parts on receipt of Post-office Order or Stamps. + + * * * * * + + +{76} + +Now ready, in Seven Volumes, medium 4to., cloth, pp. 4,167, Price Fourteen +Guineas, + +THE ANNALS OF IRELAND; + + From the Original of the Four Masters, from the earliest Historic + Period to the Conclusion in 1616; consisting of the Irish Text from the + Original MSS., and an English Translation, with copious Explanatory + Notes, an Index of Names, and an Index of Places, by JOHN O'DONOVAN, + Esq., LL.D., Barrister at Law; Professor of the Celtic Language, + Queen's College, Belfast. + +_Extract from the_ DUBLIN REVIEW. + +"We can but hope, within the limited space at our disposal, to render a +scanty and imperfect measure of justice to a work of such vast extent and +varied erudition.... We would beg the reader, if he be disposed to doubt +our opinion, to examine almost every single page out of the four thousand +of which the work consists, in order that he may learn the true nature and +extent of Mr. O'Donovan's editorial labours. Let him see the numberless +minute verbal criticisms; the elaborate topographical annotations with +which each page is loaded; the historical, genealogical, and biographical +notices; the lucid and ingenious illustrations, drawn from the ancient +laws, customs, traditions, and institutions of Ireland; the parallelisms +and discrepancies of the narrative with that of other annalists, both +native and foreign; the countless authorities which are examined and +adjusted; the errors which are corrected; the omissions and deficiencies +supplied; in a word, the curious and various learning which is everywhere +displayed. 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+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 168, January 15,
+1853, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 168, January 15, 1853
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+              Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: May 24, 2013 [EBook #42783]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NUMBER ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian
+Libraries)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +

{57}

+ +

NOTES AND QUERIES:

+ +

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

+ +

"When found, make a note of."—Captain Cuttle.

+ +
+ + + + + + + + +
No. 168.Saturday, January 15. 1853.With Index, price 10d.
+Stamped Edition 11d.
+ +
+ +

CONTENTS.

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Notes:—Page
Inedited Poem by Pope57
Southey's "Doctor:" St. Matthias' Day in Leap-year, by P. J. Yarrum58
Oxfordshire Legend in Stone, by B. H. Cowper58
Lady Nevell's Music-Book59
Bishop Burnet, by Wm. L. Nichols59
A Monastic Kitchener's Account60
The Fairies in New Ross, by Patrick Cody61
Minor Notes:—The Duke of Wellington and Marshal Ney: Parallel Passage in the Life of Washington and Major André—St. Bernard versus Fulke Greville—St. Munoki's Day—Epitaph in Chesham Churchyard—Gentlemen Pensioners—Marlborough: curious Case of Municipal Opposition to County Magistracy—Wet Season in 1348—General Wolfe62
Queries:—
Pope and the Marquis Maffei64
The Church Catechism, by C. J. Armistead64
A Countess of Southampton64
Minor Queries:—Hardening Steel Bars—Pierrepoint—Ceylon—Flemish and Dutch Schools of Painting—"To talk like a Dutch Uncle"—Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Belgium—Charter of Waterford—Inscription on Penny of George III.—"Shob" or "Shub," a Kentish Word—Bishop Pursglove (Suffragan) of Hull—Stewarts of Holland—Robert Wauchope, Archbishop of Armagh, 1543—Plum-pudding—"Whene'er I asked"—Immoral Works—Arms at Bristol—Passage in Thomson—"For God will be your King to-day"—"See where the startled wild fowl"—Ascension-day—The Grogog of a Castle65
Replies:—
Canongate Marriages67
Lady Katherine Grey68
Howlett the Engraver, by B. Hudson69
Chaucer69
Photographic Notes and Queries:—Pyrogallic Acid—Stereoscopic Pictures with One Camera—Mr. Crookes' Wax-paper Process—India Rubber a Substitute for Yellow Glass—Dr. Diamond's Paper Processes70
Replies to Minor Queries:—Ancient Timber Town-halls—Magnetic Intensity—Monument at Wadstena—David Routh, R. C. Bishop of Ossory—Cardinal Erskine—"Ne'er to these chambers," &c.—The Budget—"Catching a Tartar"—The Termination "-itis"71
Miscellaneous:—
Books and Odd Volumes wanted73
Notices to Correspondents73
Advertisements74
+ +
+ +

Notes.

+ +

INEDITED POEM BY POPE.

+ +

In an original letter from James Boaden to Northcote the artist, I + find the following passage; and I add to it the verses to which allusion + is therein made:

+ +

"60. Warren Street, Fitzroy Square.
"28th August, 1827.

+ +
+
+

"My dear friend,

+
+
+ +

"The verses annexed are so fine, that you should put them into your + copy of Pope, among the Miscellanies. Dr. Warburton received them too + late for his edition of our poet, and I find them only in a letter from + the prelate to Dr. Hurd, dated 'Prior Park, June 24th, 1765.'

+ +

"I have used the freedom to mark a few of the finest touches with a + pencil, to show you my feeling. These you can rub out easily, and + afterwards indulge your own. The style of interrogation seems to have + revived in Gray's Elegy. Hurd would send the verses to Mason as soon as + he got them; and Mason and Gray, as you know, were one in all + their studies.

+ +
+
+

"I do not forget the Fables.

+

"Yours, my dear friend, always,

+

"J. Boaden.

+

"J. Northcote, Esq."

+
+
+ +

Not having by me any modern edition of Pope's Works, may I ask + whether these verses, thus transcribed for Northcote by his friend + Boaden, have yet been introduced to the public?

+ +
+ +

Verses by Mr. Pope, on the late Dean of Carlisle's (Dr. Bolton) + having written and published a Paper to the Memory of Mrs. Butler, of + Sussex, Mother to old Lady Blount of Twickenham.

+ +
+ +
+ +

[They are supposed to be spoken by the deceased lady to the author of + that paper, which drew her character.]

+ +
+ +
+
+

"Stript to the naked soul, escaped from clay,

+

From doubts unfetter'd, and dissolved in day;

+

Unwarm'd by vanity, unreach'd by strife,

+

And all my hopes and fears thrown off with life;

+

Why am I charm'd by Friendship's fond essays,

+

And tho' unbodied, conscious of thy praise?

+{58} +

Has pride a portion in the parted soul?

+

Does passion still the formless mind control?

+

Can gratitude outpant the silent breath,

+

Or a friend's sorrow pierce the glooms of death?

+

No, 'tis a spirit's nobler taste of bliss,

+

That feels the worth it left, in proofs like this;

+

That not its own applause but thine approves,

+

Whose practice praises, and whose virtue loves;

+

Who liv'st to crown departed friends with fame;

+

Then dying, late, shalt all thou gav'st reclaim.

+

Mr. Pope."

+
+
+ +

A. F. W.

+ +
+ +

SOUTHEY'S "DOCTOR;" ST. MATTHIAS' DAY IN LEAP-YEAR.

+ +

In looking over the 1848 edition of Southey's book, The Doctor, + I observe an error which has escaped the care and revision of the editor, + the Rev. J. W. Warter, B.D. At p. 199., where Southey is referring to the + advantages of almanacs, he writes:

+ +
+ +

"Who is there that has not sometimes had occasion to consult the + almanac? Maximilian I., by neglecting to do this, failed in an enterprise + against Bruges. It had been concerted with his adherents in that + turbulent city, that he should appear before it at a certain time, and + they would be ready to rise in his behalf, and open the gates for him. He + forgot that it was leap-year, and came a day too soon; and this error on + his part cost many of the most zealous of his friends their lives. It is + remarkable that neither the historian who relates this, nor the writers + who have followed him, should have looked into the almanac to guard + against any inaccuracy in the relation; for they have fixed the + appointed day on the eve of St. Matthias, which being the 23rd of + February, could not be put out of its course by leap-year."

+ +
+ +

The words in Italics show Southey's mistake. This historian was quite + correct: as, according to the calendar of the Roman Catholic Church, + although the regular festival of St. Matthias is celebrated upon the 24th + of February, yet, "in anno bissextili Februarius est dierum 29, et Festum + S. Mathiæ celebratur 25 Februarii." Thus it will be seen, that the year + when Maximilian was to have appeared before Bruges being leap-year, and + the day appointed being the eve of St. Matthias, he should have come upon + the 24th, not the 23rd of February: the leap-year making all the + difference.

+ +

P. J. Yarrum.

+ +

Dublin.

+ +
+ +

OXFORDSHIRE LEGEND IN STONE.

+ +

A few miles from Chipping-Norton, by the side of a road which divides + Oxfordshire from Warwickshire, and on the brow of a hill overlooking Long + Compton, stand the remains of a Druidical temple. Leland speaks of them + as "Rollright stones," from their being in the parish of Rollright. The + temple consists of a single circle of stones, from fifty to sixty in + number, of various sizes and in different positions, but all of them + rough, time-worn, and mutilated. The peasantry say that it is impossible + to count these stones, and certainly it is a difficult task, though not + because there is any witchcraft in the matter, but owing to the peculiar + position of some of them. You will hear of a certain baker who resolved + not to be outwitted, so hied to the spot with a basketful of small + loaves, one of which he placed on every stone. In vain he tried; either + his loaves were not sufficiently numerous, or some sorcery displaced + them, and he gave up in despair. Of course no one expects to succeed + now.

+ +

In a field adjoining are the remains of a cromlech, the altar where, + at a distance from the people, the priests performed their mystic rites. + The superimposed stone has slipped off, and rests against the others. + These are the "Whispering Knights," and this their history:—In days + of yore, when rival princes debated their claims to England's crown by + dint of arms, the hostile forces were encamped hard by. Certain + traitor-knights went forth to parley with others from the foe. While thus + plotting, a great magician, whose power they unaccountably overlooked, + transformed them all into stone, and there they stand to this day.

+ +

Not far from the temple, but on the opposite side of the road, is a + solitary stone, probably the last of two rows which flanked the approach + to the sacred circle. This stone was once a prince who claimed the + British throne. On this spot he inquired of the magician above named what + would be his destiny:

+ +
+
+

"If Long Compton you can see,

+

King of England you shall be,"

+
+
+ +

answered the wise man. But he could not see it, and at once shared the + fate of the "Whispering Knights." This is called the "King's stone," and + so stands that, while you cannot see Long Compton from it, you can if you + go forward a very little way. On some future day an armed warrior will + issue from this very stone, to conquer and govern our land!

+ +

It is said that a farmer, who wished to bridge over a small stream at + the foot of the hill, resolved to press the "Whispering Knights" into the + service; but it was almost too much for all the horse power at his + command to bring them down. At length they were placed, but all they + could do was not sufficient to keep them in their place. It was therefore + resolved to restore them to their original post, when, lo! they who + required so much to bring them down, and defied all attempts to keep them + quiet, were taken back almost without an effort by a single horse! So + there they stand, {59}till they and the rest (for I believe the + large circle was once composed of living men) shall return to their + proper manhood.

+ +

Other legends respecting this curious relic might, I doubt not, be + obtained on the spot. I obtained the above in answer to inquiries, when + making a pilgrimage to the place.

+ +

B. H. Cowper.

+ +
+ +

LADY NEVELL'S MUSIC-BOOK.

+ +

The following contents of the Lady Nevell's music-book (1591) may be + interesting to many of your readers:

+ +
+ +
+
+

"1. My Ladye Nevell's Grownde.

+

02. Que passe, for my Ladye Nevell.

+

03. The March before the Battell.

+

04. The Battell.

+

00. The March of Footemen.

+

00. The March of Horsemen.

+

00. The Trumpetts.

+

00. The Irishe Marche.

+

00. The Bagpipe and Drone.

+

00. The Flute and Dromme.

+

00. The Marche to Fight.

+

00. Tantara.

+

00. The Battells be ioyned.

+

00. The Retreat.

+

05. The Galliarde for the Victorie.

+

06. The Barley Breake.

+

07. The Galliarde Gygg.

+

08. The Hunt's upp.

+

09. Ut re mi fa sol la.

+

10. The first Pauian.

+

11. The Galliard to the same.

+

12. The seconde Pauian.

+

13. The Galliarde to the same.

+

14. The third Pauian.

+

15. The Galliarde to the same.

+

16. The fourth Pauian.

+

17. The Galliarde to the same.

+

18. The fifte Pauian.

+

19. The Galliarde to the same.

+

20. The sixte Pauian.

+

21. The Galliarde to the same.

+

22. The seventh Pauian.

+

23. The eighte Pauian.

+

The passinge mesurs is,

+

24. The nynthe Pauian.

+

25. The Galliarde to the same.

+

26. The Voluntarie Lesson.

+

27. Will you walk the Woods soe wylde.

+

28. The Mayden's Song.

+

29. A Lesson of Voluntarie.

+

30. The second Grownde.

+

31. Have wt you to Walsingame.

+

32. All in a Garden greene.

+

33. The lo. Willobie's welcome home.

+

34. The Carman's Whistle.

+

35. Hughe Ashton's Grownde.

+

36. A Fancie, for my Ladye Nevell.

+

37. Sellinger's Rownde.

+

38. Munser's Almaine.

+

39. The tenth Pauian, Mr. W. Peter.

+

40. The Galliarde to the same.

+

41. A Fancie.

+

42. A Voluntarie.

+

Finis.

+
+
+ +

Ffinished and ended the Leventh of September, in the yeare of our + Lorde God 1591, and in the 33 yeare of the raigne of our sofferaine ladie + Elizabeth, by the grace of God Queen of England, &c., by me, Jo. + Baldwine of Windsore.

+ +
+
+

Laudes Deo."

+
+
+ +
+ +

The songs have no words to them. Most of the airs are signed "Mr. + William Birde."

+ +

A modern MS. note in the book states that the book is "Lady Nevell's + Music-book," and that she seems "to have been the scholar of Birde, who + professedly composed several of the pieces for her ladyship's use;" and + that sixteen of the forty-two pieces are "in the Virginal Book of Queen + Elizabeth," and that "Jo. Baldwine was a singing-man at Windsor." The + music is written on four-staved paper of six lines, in large bold + characters, with great neatness. The notes are lozenge-shape. Can any of + your correspondents furnish rules for transposing these six-line staves + into the five-line staves of modern notations?

+ +

L. B. L.

+ +
+ +

BISHOP BURNET.

+ +

Having but recently become acquainted with your useful and learned + work (for scire ubi aliquid invenire possis, magna pars eruditionis + est), I have been much interested in looking over the earlier + volumes. Allow me to add a couple of links to your catena on + Bishop Burnet. The first is the opinion of Hampton, the translator of + Polybius; the other is especially valuable, it being nothing less than + the portrait of Burnet drawn by himself, but certainly not with any idea + of its being suspended beside the worthies of his "Own Time," for the + edification of posterity.

+ +

Hampton's testimony is as follows:

+ +
+ +

"His personal resentments put him upon writing history. He relates the + actions of a persecutor and benefactor; and it is easy to believe that a + man in such circumstances must violate the laws of truth. The remembrance + of his injuries is always present, and gives venom to his pen. Let us add + to this, that intemperate and malicious curiosity which penetrates into + the most private recesses of vice. The greatest of his triumphs is to + draw the veil of secret infamy, and expose to view transactions that were + before concealed from the world; though they serve not in the least + either to embellish the style or connect the series of his history, and + will never obtain more credit than, perhaps, to suspend the judgment of + the reader, since they are supported only by one single, suspected + testimony."—Reflections on Ancient and Modern History, 4to.: + Oxford, 1746.

+ +
+ +

Let me now refer you to a document, written with his own hand, which + sets the question of {60}Burnet's truthfulness and impartiality in + his delineations of character completely at rest.

+ +

From the Napier charter-chest, "by a species of retributive justice," + there has recently risen up in judgment against him a letter of his + own, proving his own character. It is, I regret, too long for + insertion in your pages in extenso, but no abstract can give an + adequate idea of its contents. It is, in fact, so mean and abject as + almost to overpass belief. I must refer your readers to Mr. Mark Napier's + Montrose and the Covenanters, vol. i. pp. 13-21. All the + reflections of the Whig historian Dalrymple, all the severe remarks of + Swift and Lord Dartmouth, as to Burnet's dishonesty and malice, would now + seem well bestowed upon a writer so despicable and faithless, and the + credit of whose statements, when resting on his own sole + authority, must be totally destroyed. This curious epistle was + written, in an agony of fear, on a Sunday morning, during the memorable + crisis of the Rye-House plot, and while Lord Russell was on the eve of + his execution. Addressed to Lord Halifax, it was intended to meet the eye + of the King. It evidently proves the writer's want of veracity in divers + subsequent statements in his history. The future bishop also protests + that he never will accept of any preferment, promises never more to + oppose the Court, and intimates an intention to paint the King in the + fairest light—"if I ever live to finish what I am about;" + i.e. the History of his Own Time, in which the villanous + portrait of Charles afterwards appeared.

+ +
+ +

"Here, then," says Mr. Napier, "is Burnet Redivivus; and now + the bishop may call Montrose a coward or what he likes, and persuade the + world of his own super-eminent moral courage, if he can. For our own + part, after reading the above letter, we do not believe one malicious + word of what Burnet has uttered in the History of his Own Time + against Charles I. and Montrose; and he has therein said nothing about + them that is not malicious. We do not believe that the apology for + Hamilton, which he has given to the world in the memoirs of that House, + is by any means so truthful an exposition of the character of that + mysterious marquis as the letters and papers entrusted to the bishop + enabled him to give. We feel thoroughly persuaded that Bishop Burnet, in + that work, as well as in the History of his Own Time, reversed the + golden maxim of Cicero, 'Ne quid falsi dicere audeat, ne quid veri non + audeat.' The marvellous of himself, and the malicious of others, we + henceforth altogether disbelieve, when resting on the sole authority of + the bishop's historical record, and will never listen to when retailed + traditionally and at second-hand from him. Finally, we do believe the + truth of the anecdote, that the bishop, 'after a debate in the House of + Lords, usually went home and altered everybody's character as they had + pleased or displeased him that day;' and that he kept weaving in secret + this chronicle of his times, not to enlighten posterity or for the cause + of truth, but as a means of indulging in safety his own interested or + malicious feelings towards the individuals that pleased or offended him. + So much for Bishop Burnet, whose authority must henceforth always be + received cum nota."

+ +
+ +

Wm. L. Nichols.

+ +

Lansdown Place, Bath.

+ +
+ +

A MONASTIC KITCHENER'S ACCOUNT.

+ +

(From a volume of memoranda touching the monastery of Whalley, temp. + Henry VIII., among the records of the Court of Augmentation.)

+ +
+ +

"Dyv'se somes of money leid oute by me Jamys More, monke and kechyner + to the late Abbot of Whalley, for and conc'nynge dyv'se caitts bought by + the seid Jamys of dyv'se p¯sons, as hereaft' dothe p¯ticlerly appire by p¯cells whiche came to + thuse of the seid house, and spent yn the seid house from the last daye + of December until the —— daye of Marche then next folowynge + yn the xxviijth yere of the reign of Kynge Henry the + viijth, whiche somes of money the said Jamys asketh + allowance.

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
First payde to Edmunde Taillor Fischer
+for —— salt salmons, spent in the seyd
+late abbott kechyn syns the tyme of his
+accompt 		xxvs
Itm. Payde to the seid Edmunde for xj
+freshe salmons, bought of the said Edmunde
+to thuse, &c. of the seid house,
+there spent by the seid tyme 		xxvs
Itm. Payde to Will'm Newbbet for fresh
+fische 		iijs iiijd
Itm. Payde for vj capons, bought at Fastyngeseven
+of dyv'se p¯sons 		ijs
Itm. Payde for xxxv hennes, bought of
+dyv'se p¯sons 		vs xd
Itm. Payde for eggs, butter, chese, bought
+of dyv'se p¯sons betwixt Cristmas and
+Fastyngsevyn, spent yn the seid house 		xxiiijs
Itm. Payde for mustersede vs
Itm. Bought of Will'm Fische viij potts
+hony-pric 		xs
Itm. Bought of Anthony Watson vij gallons
+hony 		ixs iiijd
Itm. Bought of John Colthirst ij gallons
+hony 		ijs iiijd
Itm. Payde to Richard Jackson for xvijc
+sparlyngs 		ixs viiid
Sum of the paymentsvjli xviijd (sic in orig.)
Itm. The same Jamys askyth allowance of xiiijs, whiche
+the seid late abbott dyd owe hym at the tyme of his
+last accompt, whiche endyd at Cristmas last past, as
+yt dothe appire by the accompt of the seid Jamys
+More.
Itm. The late abbott of Whalley dyd owe unto the
+seid Jamys More, for a grey stagg that the seid
+late abbott dyd by of the same Jamys by the space
+of a yere syns 		xs
By me James Mor."
+ +

The advowson of the parish church of Whalley having been bequeathed to + the White Monks of Stanlawe (Cheshire), they removed their abbey {61}there + A.D. 1206; it being dedicated to the Virgin Mary + ("Locus Benedictus de Whalley"), and having about sixty indwellers. + (Tanner's Notitia.)

+ +

Anon.

+ +
+ +

THE FAIRIES IN NEW ROSS.

+ +
+
+

"When moonlight

+

Near midnight

+

Tips the rock and waving wood;

+

When moonlight

+

Near midnight

+

Silvers o'er the sleeping flood;

+

When yew tops

+

With dew-drops

+

Sparkle o'er deserted graves;

+

'Tis then we fly

+

Through welkin high,

+

Then we sail o'er yellow waves."

+
+ +
+

Book of Irish Ballads.

+
+
+ +

There lived, some thirty years since, in the eastern part of the + suburbs of New Ross, in the county of Wexford, denominated the + "Maudlins," a hedge carpenter named Davy Hanlan, better known to his + neighbours by the sobriquet of "Milleadh Maide," or "Speilstick." Davy + plied his trade with all the assiduity of an industrious man, "and + laboured in all kinds of weather" to maintain his little family; and as + his art consisted principally in manufacturing carts, ploughs, and + harrows (iron ploughs not being then in use) for the surrounding farmers, + and doctoring their old ones, the sphere of Davy's avocations was + confined to no mean limits.

+ +

It was a dry, sharp night, in the month of November, and darkness had + set in long before Davy left Mount Hanover, two miles distant from his + home. At length he started forward, and had already reached the bridge of + the Maudlins, when he stopped to rest; for besides his tools he carried a + bundle of wheaten straw, which he intended for a more than usually + comfortable "shake-down" for his dear rib Winny. The moon had by this + time ascended above the horizon, and by its silvery radiance depicted in + delicate outline the hills rising in the distance, while the tender rays + mixing with, and faintly illumining the gloom of the intermediate + valleys, formed a mass of light and shade so exquisitely blended as to + appear the work of enchantment. As Davy leaned on the parapet of the + bridge, a thrill of alarm involuntarily disturbed his feelings: he was + about to depart when he heard a clamorous sound, as of voices, proceeding + from that part of the valley on which he still gazed. Curiosity now + tempted him to listen still longer, when suddenly he saw a group of + dwarfish beings emerging from the gloom, and coming rapidly towards him, + along the green marsh that borders the Maudlin stream. Poor Davy was + terror-stricken at this unusual sight; in vain he attempted to escape: he + was, as it were, spellbound. Instantly the whole company gained the road + beside him, and after a moment's consultation they simultaneously cried + out, "Where is my horse? give me my horse!" &c. In the twinkling of + an eye they were all mounted. Davy's feelings may be more easily imagined + than described, and in a fit of unconsciousness his tongue, as it were + mechanically, articulated "Where is my horse?" Immediately he found + himself astride on a rude piece of timber, somewhat in shape of a + plough-beam, by which he was raised aloft in the air. Away he went, as he + himself related, at the rate of nine knots an hour, gliding smoothly + through the liquid air. No aeronaut ever performed his expedition with + more intrepidity; and after about two hours' journeying the whole + cavalcade alighted in the midst of a large city, just as

+ +
+
+

"The iron tongue of midnight had told twelve."

+
+
+ +

One of the party, who appeared to be a leader, conducted them from + door to door, Davy following in the rear; and at the first door he passed + them the word, "We cannot enter, the dust of the floor lies not behind + the door."[1] + Other impediments prevented their ingress to the next two or three + doors.

+ +

At length, having come to a door which was not guarded by any of these + insuperable sentinels which defy the force of fairy assault, he joyfully + cried out "We can enter here:" and immediately, as if by enchantment, the + door flew open, the party entered, and Davy, much astonished, found + himself within the walls of a spacious wine-store. Instantly the heads of + wine vessels were broken; bungs flew out; the carousing commenced; each + boon companion pledged his friend, as he bedewed his whiskers in the + sparkling beverage; and the wassail sounds float round the walls and + hollow roof. Davy, not yet recovered from his surprise, stood looking on, + but could not contrive to come at a drop: at length he asked a rather + agreeable fairy who was close to him to help him to some. "When I shall + have done," said the fairy, "I will give you this goblet, and you can + drink." Very {62}soon after he handed the goblet to Davy, who + was about to drink, when the leader gave the word of command:

+ +
+
+

"Away, away, my good fairies, away!

+

Let's revel in moonlight, and shun the dull day."

+
+
+ +

The horses were ready, the party mounted, and Davy was carried back to + the Maudlin bridge, bearing in his hand the silver goblet, as witness of + his exploit. Half dead he made his way home to Winny, who anxiously + awaited him; got to bed about four in the morning, to which he was + confined by illness for months afterwards. And as Davy "lived from hand + to mouth," his means were soon exhausted. Winny took the goblet and + pledged it with Mr. Alexander Whitney, the watchmaker, for five + shillings. In a few days after a gentleman who lived not twenty miles + from Creywell Cremony came in to Mr. Whitney's, saw the goblet, and + recognised it as being once in his possession, and marked with the + initials "M. R.," and on examining it found it to be the identical one + which he had bestowed, some years before, on a Spanish merchant. Davy, + when able to get out, deposed on oath before the Mayor of Ross (who is + still living) to the facts narrated above. The Spanish gentleman was + written to, and in reply corroborated Davy's statement, saying that on a + certain night his wine-store was broken open, vessels much injured, and + his wine spilled and drunk, and the silver goblet stolen. Davy was + exonerated from any imputation of guilt in the affair, and was careful, + during his life, never again to rest at night on the Maudlin bridge.

+ +

Patrick Cody.

+ +

Mullinavat, county of Kilkenny.

+ +
+ Footnote 1:(return) +

Every good housewife is supposed to sweep the kitchen floor previously + to her going to bed; and the old women who are best skilled in "fairy + lore" affirm, that if, through any inadvertence, she should leave the + dust thus collected behind the door at night, this dust or sweepings will + have the power of opening the door to the fairies, should they come the + way. It is also believed that, if the broom should be left behind the + door, without being placed standing on its handle, it will possess the + power of admitting the fairies. Should the water in which the family had + washed their feet, before going to bed, be left in the vessel, on the + kitchen floor, without having a coal of fire put into it, if not thrown + out in the yard, it will act as porter to the fairies or good people.

+ +
+
+ +

Minor Notes.

+ +

The Duke of Wellington and Marshal Ney. Parallel Passage in the + Life of Washington and Major André.—J. R. of Cork (Vol. vi., p. + 480.) tells how Wellington was in his youth smitten with the charms of a + lady, who, in after-life having appealed to him to save the life of Ney, + was not simply unsuccessful in her object but was ordered to quit Paris + forthwith. J. B. Burke, in the Patrician, vol. vi. p. 372., tells + how Washington endeavoured to win the love of Mary Phillipse, and how he + failed: how years rolled on, and the rejected lover as Commander-in-Chief + of the American forces was supplicated by the same Mary, then the wife of + Roger Morris, to spare the life of Andre. The appeal failed, and one of + the General's aides was ordered to conduct the lady beyond the lines.

+ +

St. Johns.

+ +

St. Bernard versus Fulke Greville.—On lately reading over + the fine philosophical poem Of Humane Learning, by Fulke Greville, + Lord Brooke, I was struck at finding that the 144th stanza was a literal + transcript from St. Bernard. Some of your readers may possibly be amused + or interested by the discovery:

+ +
+ +
+
+

"Yet some seeke knowledge, meerely to be knowne,

+

And idle curiositie that is;

+

Some but to sell, not freely to bestow,

+

These gaine and spend both time and health amisse;

+

Embasing arts, by basely deeming so,

+

Some to build others, which is charity,

+

But those to build themselves, who wise men be."

+

Workes, p. 50.: Lond. 1633, 8vo.

+
+
+ +

"Sunt namque qui scire volunt eo fine tantum, ut sciant: et turpis + curiositas est. Et sunt item qui scire volunt, ut scientiam suam vendant, + verbi causa pro pecunia, pro honoribus: et turpis quæstus est. Sed sunt + quoque qui scire volunt, ut ædificentur: et prudentia est."—S. + Bernardi In Cantica Serm. xxxvi. Sect 3. Opp., vol. i. p. + 1404. Parisiis, 1719, fol.

+ +
+ +

It is no mean eulogy upon Lord Brooke's poem just referred to, to say + that it stood high in the estimation of the late Rev. Hugh James Rose, + and was quoted approvingly by him in his lectures before the Durham + University. My acquaintance with it was first derived from that source, + and I am confident that many others of your readers sympathise with the + wishes of Mr. Crossley, for "a collected edition + of the works of the two noble Grevilles" ("N. & Q.," Vol. iv., p. + 139.). The facts upon which the tragedy of Mustapha is founded are + graphically summed up by Knolles in his Historie of the Turkes, + pp. 757-65.: London, 1633, fol.

+ +

Rt.

+ +

Warmington.

+ +

St. Munoki's Day.—Professor Craik, in his Romance of + the Peerage, vol. ii. p. 337., with reference to the date of the + death of Margaret Tudor, Queen Dowager of Scotland, gives two + authorities, namely, 24th November, 1541, from the Diurnal of + Remarkable Occurrents, and St. Munoki's Day, from the + Chronicle of Perth, and then says: "I find no saint with a name + resembling Munok in the common lists." Now this Note of mine has + originated in the belief that I have found such a name in the + Calendar of Saints, or at any rate one very closely resembling it, + if not the identical Munok. "St. Marnok, B. patron of Killmarnock + in Scotland, honoured on the 25th October in the Scots Calendar." Now + "Marnok" is most probably Munok, the latter, perhaps, misspelt by + a careless scribe in the Chronicle of Perth. There is a + discrepancy of a month certainly in these two dates, 25th October and + 24th November; but that is not very wonderful, as a doubt of the exact + day of Queen Margaret's decease evidently exists among historians, for + Pinkerton (vol. ii. p. 371.) conjectures June. The above extract + regarding St. Marnok is from a {63}curious old work in my possession, published + in 1761 in London, and entitled A Memorial of Ancient British Piety, + or a British Martyrology. It gives also the names of St. Moroc, C., + Nov. 8; St. Munnu, Ab., Oct. 21, both saints in the Scottish + calendar.

+ +

A. S. A.

+ +

Punjaub.

+ +

Epitaph in Chesham Churchyard.—

+ +
+
+

"As an

+

Encouragement

+

to Regularity, Integrity,

+

and good Conduct,

+

This Stone

+

was erected at the general Expense

+

of the Inhabitants of

+

this Town and Parish

+

to perpetuate the Memory of

+

Matthew Archer,

+

who served the Office of Clerk with

+

the utmost Punctuality and Decorum

+

for upwards of Thirty Years.

+

He died 15th December, 1793."

+
+
+ +

F. B. Relton.

+ +

Gentlemen Pensioners.—

+ +
+ +

"On Saturday last, the Secretary to the Band of Gentleman Pensioners + did, by order of the Duke of Montague their Captain, dispatch circular + letters to the said gentlemen, signifying his Grace's pleasure to revive + the ancient rules and orders that were practised at the time of the first + institution of the Band in the reign of King Henry VII., viz. that five + of the said Gentleman Pensioners shall attend constantly every day in the + antechamber of the palace where His Majesty shall be resident, from ten + in the forenoon till three in the afternoon, the usual time of His + Majesty's retiring to go to dinner; and on every Drawing Room night from + eight to twelve."—Weekly Journal, Jan. 4, 1735.

+ +
+ +

E.

+ +

Marlborough; Curious Case of Municipal Opposition to County + Magistracy.—Shortly after the invasion of the elder Pretender, + the corporation of Marlborough so far defied the royal authority as to + drive the quarterly county sessions from the town; and high legal + opinions were not wanting to fortify the position thus assumed by the + borough, on the ground, namely, of its municipal charter, which secured + to the town a court of its own.

+ +

Now, we all know that in early times a borough's court-leet exempted + the burgesses from the jurisdiction of the sheriff's "tourn," and that up + till the period of the Municipal Reform bill, many charters still + existed, verbally sustaining such right of exemption; but the Queries + which I wish to put are the following. First, Though the crown's + representative had no jurisdiction, had he not a right to enter, and sit + on cases foreign to the borough? Secondly, What are the earliest + instances of county quarter sessions sitting in independent boroughs? + Thirdly, Were the cases numerous of similar acts of resistance at the + period alluded to, viz. the reign of George I.?

+ +

I take this occasion to state that I am drawing to conclusion a + history of Silkely Hundred, which includes Marlborough and Lord + Ailesbury's seat; and shall feel grateful for any information relating to + the Pretender's influence in that district. That it must have been + considerable may be argued from the Ailesbury alliance by marriage with + the young Pretender.

+ +

J. Waylen.

+ +

Devizes.

+ +

Wet Season in 1348.—Accidentally looking into Holinshed a + few days ago, I found that our present unusually wet season is not + without a parellel, indeed much exceeded; as on that occasion the harvest + must have been a complete failure, and dearth and disease consequently + ensued. Providence, however, has kindly blessed us with an average + harvest; and, exclusive of the disasters attendant upon storms and + floods, I trust we shall escape any further visitation. I annex an + extract of the passage in Holinshed:

+ +
+ +

"In this 22 yeare [of Edward III., A.D. 1348], + from Midsummer to Christmasse, for the more part it continuallie rained, + so that there was not one day and night drie togither, by reason whereof + great flouds insued, and the ground therewith was sore corrupted, and + manie inconueniences insued, as great sickenes, and other, insomuch that + in the yeare following, in France, the people died wonderfullie in + diverse places. In Italie also, and in manie other countries, as well in + the lands of the infidels as in Christendome, this grieuous mortalitie + reigned, to the great destruction of people. About the end of August, the + like dearth began in diuerse places of England, and especiallie in + London, continuing so for the space of twelue moneths following. And vpon + that insued great barrennesse, as well of the sea as the land, neither of + them yielding such plentie of things as before they had done. Wherevpon + vittels and corne became scant and hard to come by."—The + Chronicles of Raphaell Holinshed, fol., vol. iii. p. 378 (black + letter).

+ +
+ +

Φ.

+ +

General Wolfe.—It may interest many of your readers to + know that a portrait of General Wolfe, by Ramsay, 1758, is to be sold by + Messrs. Christie and Manson, at their rooms, 8. King Street, St. James's + Square, on Saturday, February 12.

+ +

The picture is marked No. 300 in the catalogue of the first two days' + sale. It formed part of the collection of a gentleman lately deceased, + whom I had the pleasure of knowing.

+ +

C. Forbes.

+ +

Temple.

+ +

{64}

+ +
+ +

Queries.

+ +

POPE AND THE MARQUIS MAFFEI.

+ +

I would beg the insertion of the following Note, which occurs at p. + 338. of Walker's Historical Memoir on Italian Tragedy; with a view + to ascertaining whether any light has been thrown on the subject since + the publication of the work in question. I fear there is little chance of + such being the case, but still I would be glad to learn from any of your + correspondents, whether there is other evidence than the passage given + from the Marquis's letter to Voltaire, to prove that Pope was actually + engaged in the translation of his tragedy; or whether there is any + allusion in the cotemporary literature of the day, to such a work having + been undertaken by the bard of Twickenham.

+ +
+ +

"It seems to have escaped the notice of all Pope's biographers, that + when the Marquis Maffei visited Twickenham, in company with Lord + Burlington and Dr. Mead, he found the English bard employed on a + translation of his Merope: yet the public have been in possession + of this anecdote about fifty years. The Marquis, in his answer to the + celebrated letter addressed to him by Voltaire, says: 'Avendomi Mylord + Conte di Burlington, e il Sig. Dottore Mead, l'uno e l'altro talenti + rari, ed à quali quant' io debba non posso dire, condotto alla villa del + Sig. Pope, ch' è il Voltaire dell Inghilterra, come voi siete il Pope + della Francia, quel bravo Poeta mi fece vedere, che lavorava alla + versione della mia Tragedia in versi Inglesi: se la terminasse, e che ne + sia divenuto, non so.'—La Merope, ver. 1745, p. 180. With + the fate of this version we are, and probably shall ever remain, + unacquainted: it may, however, be safely presumed, that it was never + finished to the satisfaction of the translator, and therefore committed + to the flames."

+ +
+ +

T. C. S.

+ +
+ +

THE CHURCH CATECHISM.

+ +

Allow me to make the following inquiries through the pages of "N. + & Q.," which may possibly elicit valuable information from some of + your many correspondents. In the Archbishop of York's questions put to + candidates for Holy Orders, Feb. 1850, occurred this Query: "The Church + Catechism ... by whom was the latter part added and put into its present + form; and whence is it chiefly derived?" The former part of this is + readily answered; being, as any one at all read in the history of the + Prayer-Book well knows, added at the Hampton Court Conference, 1603; and + was drawn up by Bishop Overall, at that time Dean of St. Paul's: but + whence is it chiefly derived? That is the question for which I + have hitherto sought in vain a satisfactory solution, and fear his grace, + or his examining chaplain, must have looked in vain for a correct reply + from any of his quasi clergymen, college education though they may + have had. It is a point which seems to be passed over entirely unnoticed + by all of our liturgical writers and church historians, as I have been at + no little pains in searching works at all likely to clear it up, but, + hitherto, without success. It may be conjectured that the part referred + to, viz., on the Sacraments, was taken from Dean Nowell's Catechism; or, + at all events, that Overall borrowed some of the expressions while he + changed its meaning, as Nowell's was purely Calvinistic in tendency. He + may have had before him the fourth part of Peter Lombard's Liber + Sententiarum, or some such work. But all this is mere supposition; + and what I want to arrive at, is some correct data or authoritative + statement which would settle the point. Another interesting matter upon + which I am desirous of information, is, as to the protestation after the + rubrics at the end of the Communion Service. In our present + Prayer-Book it is in marks of quotation, which we do not find in the + second book of King Edward VI., where it originally appears—and the + expressions there admit the real presence. It was altogether left out in + Elizabeth's Prayer-Book, but again inserted in the last review in 1661, + when the inverted commas first appear: the sense being somewhat + different, allowing the spiritual but not the actual or bodily presence + of Christ. Why are the commas or marks of quotation, if such they + be, then inserted? I have written to a well-known Archdeacon, eminent for + his works on the Sacraments, but his answer does not convey what is + sought by

+ +

C. J. Armistead.

+ +

Springfield Mount, Leeds.

+ +
+ +

A COUNTESS OF SOUTHAMPTON.

+ +

I have just been reading, in the Revue des deux Mondes, an + interesting article upon the recently-published Memoirs of + Mademoiselle de Kœnigsmark, in which I meet with the following + passage:

+ +
+ +

"Ce fut à Venise que Charles-Jean de Kœnigsmark rencontra la + belle Comtesse de Southampton, cette vaillante amoureuse qui, plantant la + fortune et famille, le suivit désormais par le monde déguisée en page: + romanesque anecdote que la princesse Palatine a consignée dans ses + mémoires avec cette brusque rondeur de style qui ne marchande pas les + expressions. 'Il doit être assez dans le caractère de quelques dames + anglaises de suivre leurs amans. J'ai connu un Comte de Kœnigsmark + qu'une dame anglaise avait suivi en habit de page. Elle était avec lui à + Chambord, et comme, faute de place, il ne pouvait loger au Château, il + avait fait dresser dans la forêt une tente où il logeât. Il me raconta + son aventure à la Masse; j'eu la curiosité de voir le soi-disant page. Je + n'ai jamais rien vu de plus beau que cette figure: les plus beaux yeux du + monde, une bouche charmante, une prodigieuse quantité de cheveux du plus + beau brun, qui tombèrent en grosses boucles sur ses épaules. Elle sourit + en me voyant, se doutant bien que je savais son secret. {65}Lorsqu'il partit + de Chambord pour l'Italie, le Comte Kœnigsmark se trouva dans une + auberge, et en sortit le matin pour faire un tour de promenade. L'hotesse + de cette maison courut après lui et lui cria: 'Montez vite là-haut, + Monsieur, votre page accouche!' Le page accoucha en effet d'une fille: on + mit la mère et l'enfant dans un couvent à Paris."

+ +
+ +

He afterwards went to England, where—

+ +
+ +

"Les frères, cousins, et petits cousins de lady Southampton + l'attendaient, et les duels se mirent à lui pleuvoir dessus. Comme son + épée aimait assez à luire au soleil, il la tira volontiers, et avec une + chance telle que ses ennemis, ne pouvant le vaincre par le fer, jugèrent + à propos d'essayer du poison. Dégouté de perdre son temps à de pareilles + misères, &c. &c. Tant que le comte a vecu il en a eu grand soin; + mais il mourut en Morée, et le page fidèle ne lui survécut pas + long-temps. Elle est morte comme une sainte."

+ +
+ +

Can you, or any of your correspondents, say who this + interesting Countess of Southampton was? She lived at the end of + the seventeenth century. In addition to these particulars, which are so + nicely told that I would not venture to alter them, as Orsino asks Viola, + "What was her history?"

+ +

W. R.

+ +
+ +

Minor Queries.

+ +

Hardening Steel Bars.—Can any of your readers inform me + how thin, flat, steel bars (say three feet long) can be prevented from + "running" crooked when hardened in water?

+ +

J. H. A.

+ +

Pierrepont.—Who was John Pierrepont of Wadworth, near + Doncaster, who died July, 1653, aged 75.

+ +

A. F. B.

+ +

Diss.

+ +

Ceylon.—I should be much obliged to Sir + James Tennent, if he would kindly inform me where the best map of + Ceylon is to be got? such as are to be found in the atlases within my + reach are only good enough to try a man's temper, and no more.

+ +

May I also take the liberty of asking how soon we may expect the + appearance of Sir James Tennent's book on the + history, &c. of Ceylon? a work which will be a great work indeed, if + we have at all a fair specimen of its author's learning and powers in the + Christianity in Ceylon.

+ +

Ajax.

+ +

Flemish and Dutch Schools of Painting.—Would any of your + correspondents direct me to some work giving me some information about + the painters of the Dutch and Flemish schools, their biographers, their + peculiarities, chefs-d'œuvre, &c.?

+ +

Ajax.

+ +

"To talk like a Dutch Uncle."—In some parts of America, + when a person has determined to give another a regular lecture, he will + often be heard to say, "I will talk to him like a Dutch uncle;" that is, + he shall not escape this time.

+ +

As the emigrants to America from different countries have brought + their national sayings with them, and as the one I am now writing about + was doubtless introduced by the Knickerbockers, may I ask if a similar + expression is now known or used in Holland?

+ +

W. W.

+ +

Malta.

+ +

Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Belgium.—I want some work + on this subject: can any one tell me of one?

+ +

N.B.—A big book does not frighten me.

+ +

Ajax.

+ +

Charter of Waterford.—I have a copy of the English + translation of this charter, published in Kilkenny, with the following + note, written in an old hand, on the title-page:

+ +
+ +

"This was first translated by William Cunningham Cunningham + (sic), a native of Carrick-on-Suir, born on Ballyrichard Road: his + father and brother were blacksmiths; his grand-nephew Cunningham lives + now a cowper (sic) in New Street in do. town."

+ +
+ +

I wish to know if this note is worth anything, and if the statement + contained in it is true?

+ +

R. H.

+ +

Inscription on Penny of George III.—On an old penny of + George III., on the reverse, I find the following inscription:

+ +
+
+

"STABIT QVOCVNQVE IECERIS."

+
+
+ +

What does this precisely mean; or why and when was it adopted?

+ +

J. M. A.

+ +

"Shob," or "Shub," a Kentish Word.—Your correspondent on + the Kentish word sheets (Vol. vi., p. 338.) may possibly be able + to give some account of another Kentish word, which I have met with in + the country about Horton-Kirby, Dartford, Crayford, &c., and the + which I cannot find in Halliwell, or any other dictionary in my + possession,—viz. to shob or shub. It is applied to + the trimming up elm-trees in the hedge-rows, by cutting away all the + branches except at the head: "to shob the trees" is the expression. Now, + in German we have schaben, v. r. to shave; but in the Anglo-Saxon + I find nothing nearer than scaf, part. scof, to shave.

+ +

A. C. M.

+ +

Exeter.

+ +

Bishop Pursglove (Suffragan) of Hull.—This prelate is + buried in Tideswell Church, Devonshire, and a copy of his monumental + brass is given in Illustrations of Monumental Brasses, published + in 1842 by the Cambridge Camden Society. Perhaps some reader of "N. & + Q." who has access to that work will send the inscription for insertion + in your columns. Any information also as {66}to his consecration, + character, and period of decease, would be acceptable. What is the best + work on English Suffragan bishops? I believe Wharton's Suffragans + (which, however, I do not possess to refer to) is far from being complete + or correct. It would be interesting to have a complete list of such + bishops, with the names of their sees, and dates of consecration and + demise. I find no Suffragan bishop after Bishop John Sterne, consecrated + for Colchester 12th November, 1592, and this from the valuable list in + Percival's Apol. for Ap. Suc.

+ +

A. S. A.

+ +

Punjaub.

+ +

Stewarts of Holland.—In the year 1739 there lived in + Holland a Lieutenant Dougal Stewart, of the Dutch service, who was + married to Susan, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Fairfowl, of Bracindam. + He was descended from the ancient Scottish family of Stewarts of Appin, + in Argyleshire; and this Query is to inquire whether anything is known + regarding him or his descendants, if he had such? This might find a reply + in De Navorscher perhaps.

+ +

A. S. A.

+ +

Punjaub.

+ +

Robert Wauchope, Archbishop of Armagh, 1543.—Is there any + detailed account of this prelate extant? The few particulars I have been + able to glean respecting him are merely that he was a native of Scotland, + and Doctor in Divinity of the University of Paris, where he probably + studied theology, as was common with Scottish ecclesiastics of that day. + He arrived in Ireland about the year 1541, and is memorable for the + glory, or shame, of being the first who introduced the Jesuit order into + that country. Pope Paul III. nominated him to the primatial see of + Armagh, after the death of Archbishop Cromer in 1543, and during the + lifetime of Archbishop Dowdal, who was a Catholic also, but being + appointed Archbishop of Armagh in November 1543, by King Henry VIII., was + not acknowledged at Rome as such. Waucup, as his name is also + spelt, and Latinized "Venantius," never appears, however, to have been + able to obtain regular possession of the see of Armagh and primacy of + Ireland, being merely titular archbishop. Some accounts state that he was + blind from his childhood, but others say, and probably more correctly, + that he was only short-sighted. He was present at the Council of Trent in + 1545-47, being one of the four Irish prelates who attended there; and, in + Hist. del Concil. Trid., l. ii. p. 144., he is alluded to as + having been esteemed the best at riding post in the + world!—"Huomo di brevissima vista era commendato di questa, di + correr alla posta meglio d'huomo del mondo." I should like much to + ascertain the date and place of his birth, consecration, and death.

+ +

A. S. A.

+ +

Plum-pudding.—Can any of your readers inform me of the + origin of the following custom, and whether the ceremony is still + continued? I can find no mention of it in any topographical dictionary or + history of Devon, but it was copied from an old newspaper, bearing date + June 7, 1809:

+ +
+ +

"At Paignton Fair, near Exeter, the ancient custom of drawing through + the town a plum-pudding of an immense size, and afterwards distributing + it to the populace, was revived on Tuesday last. The ingredients + which composed this enormous pudding were as follows: 400 lbs. of flour, + 170 lbs. of beef suet, 140 lbs. of raisins, and 240 eggs. It was kept + constantly boiling in a brewer's copper from Saturday morning to the + Tuesday following, when it was placed on a car decorated with ribbons, + evergreens, &c., and drawn along the street by eight oxen."

+ +
+ +

Everard Horne Coleman.

+ +

"Whene'er I asked."—I shall be very glad to know the + author and the exact whereabouts of the following lines, which I find + quoted in a MS. letter written from London to America, and dated 22nd + October, 1767:

+ +
+
+

"Whene'er I ask'd for blessings on your head,

+

Nothing was cold or formal that I said;

+

My warmest vows to Heaven were made for thee,

+

And love still mingled with my piety."

+
+
+ +

W. B. R.

+ +

Philadelphia, U. S.

+ +

Immoral Works.—What ought to be done with works of this + class? It is easy to answer, "destroy them:" but you and I know, and Mr. + Macaulay has acknowledged, that it is often necessary to rake into the + filthiest channels for historical and biographical evidence. I, + personally, doubt whether we are justified in destroying any + evidence, however loathsome and offensive it may be. What, then, are we + to do with it? It is impossible to keep such works in a private library, + even under lock and key, for death opens locks more certainly than Mr. + Hobbs himself. I think such ought to be preserved in the British Museum, + entered in its catalogue, but only permitted to be seen on good reasons + formally assigned in writing, and not then allowed to pass into the + reading-room. What is the rule at the Museum?

+ +

I ask these questions because I have, by accident, become possessed of + a poem (about 1500 lines) which professes to be written by Lord Byron, is + addressed to Thomas Moore, and was printed abroad many years since. It + begins,—

+ +
+
+

"Thou ermin'd judge, pull off that sable cap."

+
+
+ +

More specific reference will not be necessary for those who have seen + the work. Is the writer known? I am somewhat surprised that not one of + Byron's friends has, so far as I know, hinted a denial of the authorship; + for, scarce as {67}the work may be, I suppose some of them must + have seen it; and, under existing circumstances, it is possible that a + copy might get into the hands of a desperate creature who would hope to + make a profit, by republishing it with Byron's and Moore's names in the + title-page.

+ +

I. W.

+ +

Arms at Bristol.—In a window now repairing in Bristol + Cathedral is this coat:—Arg. on a chevron or (false + heraldry), three stags' heads caboshed. Whose coat is this? It is + engraved in Lysons' Gloucestershire Antiquities without name.

+ +

E. D.

+ +

Passage in Thomson.—In Thomson's "Hymn to the Seasons," + line 28, occurs the following passage:

+ +
+
+

"But wandering oft, with brute, unconscious gaze,

+

Man marks not Thee; marks not the mighty hand

+

That, ever busy, wheels the silent spheres;

+

Works in the secret deep; shoots, steaming, thence

+

The fair profusion that o'erspreads the spring," &c.

+
+
+ +

Can any of your readers oblige by saying whether the word + steaming, in the fourth line of the quotation, is the correct + reading? If so, in what sense it can be understood? if not, whether + teeming is not probably the correct word?

+ +

W. M. P.

+ +

"For God will be your King to-day."—

+ +
+
+

"For God will be your King to-day,

+

And I'll be general under."

+
+
+ +

My grandmother, who was a native of Somersetshire, and born in 1750, + used to recite a ballad to my mother, when a child, of which the above + lines are the only ones remembered.

+ +

Do they refer to the rising under the Duke of Monmouth? And where can + the whole of the ballad be found?

+ +

M. A. S.

+ +

35. Dover Road.

+ +

"See where the startled wild fowl."—Where are the + following lines to be found? I copy them from the print of Landseer's, + called "The Sanctuary."

+ +
+
+

"See where the startled wild fowl screaming rise,

+

And seek in martial flight those golden skies.

+

Yon wearied swimmer scarce can win the land,

+

His limbs yet falter on the wat'ry strand.

+

Poor hunted hart! the painful struggle o'er,

+

How blest the shelter of that island shore!

+

There, while he sobs his panting heart to rest,

+

Nor hound nor hunter shall his lair molest."

+
+
+ +

G. B. W.

+ +

Ascension-day.—Was "Ascension-day" ever kept a close + holiday the same as Good Friday and Christmas-day? And, if so, when was + such custom disused?

+ +

H. A. Hammond.

+ +

The Grogog of a Castle.—It appears by a record of the + Irish Exchequer of 3 Edw. II., that one Walter Haket, constable of + Maginnegan's Castle in the co. of Dublin, confined one of the King's + officers in the Grogog thereof. Will you permit me to inquire, + whether this term has been applied to the prison of castles in + England?

+ +

J. F. F.

+ +

Dublin.

+ +
+ +

Replies.

+ +

CANONGATE MARRIAGES.

+ +

(Vol. v., p. 320.)

+ +

I had hoped that the inquiry of R. S. F. would have drawn out some of + your Edinburgh correspondents; but, as they are silent upon a subject + they might have invested with interest, allow me to say a word upon these + Canongate marriages. I need not, I think, tell R. S. F. how loosely our + countrymen, at the period alluded to, and long subsequent thereto, looked + upon the marriage tie; as almost every one who has had occasion to touch + upon our domestic manners and customs has pointed at, what + appeared to them, and what really was, an anomaly in the character of a + nation somewhat boastful of their better order and greater sense of + propriety and decorum.

+ +

Besides the incidental notices of travellers, the legal records of + Scotland are rife with examples of litigation arising out of these + irregular marriages; and upon a review of the whole history of such in + the north, it cannot be denied that, among our staid forefathers, + "matrimony was more a matter of merriment"[2] than a solemn and religious + engagement.

+ +

The Courts in Scotland usually frowned upon cases submitted to + them where there was a strong presumption that either party had been + victimised by the other; but, unfortunately, the requirements were so + simple, and the facility of procuring witnesses so great, that many a + poor frolicksome fellow paid dearly for his joke by finding himself + suddenly transformed, from a bachelor, to a spick and span Benedict; and + that too upon evidences which would not in these days have sent a + fortune-telling impostor to the tread-mill: the lords of the justiciary + being content that some one had heard him use the endearing term of wife + to the pursuer, or had witnessed a mock form at an obscure public-house, + or that the parties were by habit and repute man and wife. How truly then + may it have been said, that a man in the Northern Capital, so open to + imposition, scarcely knew whether he was married or not.

+ +

In cases where the ceremony was performed, it {68}did not follow that the + priest of Hymen should be of the clerical profession:

+ +
+
+

"To tie the knot," says John Hope, "there needed none;

+

He'd find a clown, in brown, or gray,

+

Booted and spurr'd, should preach and pray;

+

And, without stir, grimace, or docket,

+

Lug out a pray'r-book from his pocket;

+

And tho' he blest in wond'rous haste,

+

Should tie them most securely fast."

+

Thoughts, 1780.

+
+
+ +

In Chambers's Traditions of Edinburgh, there is a slight + allusion to these Canongate marriages:

+ +
+ +

"The White Horse Inn," says he, "in a close in the Canongate, is an + exceedingly interesting old house of entertainment. It was also + remarkable for the runaway couples from England, who were married in its + large room."

+ +
+ +

The White Hart, in the Grass-market, appears to have been another of + these Gretna Green houses.

+ +

A curious fellow, well known in Edinburgh at the period referred to, + was the high priest of the Canongate hymeneal altar. I need hardly say + this was the famous "Claudero, the son of Nimrod the Mighty Hunter," as + he grandiloquently styled himself: otherwise James Wilson, a disgraced + schoolmaster, and poet-laureate to the Edinburgh canaille. In the + large rooms of the above inns, this comical fellow usually presided, and + administered relief to gallant swains and love-sick damsels, and a most + lucrative trade he is said to have made of it:—

+ +
+
+

"Claudero's skull is ever dull,

+

Without the sterling shilling:"

+
+
+ +

in allusion to their being called half-merk or shilling marriages.

+ +

Chambers gives an illustrative anecdote of our subjects' matrimonial + practices in that of a soldier and a countryman seeking from Wilson a + cast of his office: from the first Claudero took his shilling, but + demanded from the last a fee of five, observing—

+ +
+ +

"I'll hae this sodger ance a week a' the times he's in Edinburgh, and + you (the countryman) I winna see again."

+ +
+ +

The Scottish poetical antiquary is familiar with this eccentric + character; but it may not be uninteresting to your general readers to + add, that when public excitement in Edinburgh ran high against the Kirk, + the lawyers, meal-mongers, or other rogues in grain, + Claudero was the vehicle through which the democratic voice found vent in + squibs and broadsides fired at the offending party or obnoxious measure + from his lair in the Canongate.

+ +

In his Miscellanies, Edin. 1766, now before me, Claudero's + cotemporary, Geordie Boick, in a poetical welcome to London, thus + compliments Wilson, and bewails the condition of the modern Athens under + its bereavement of the poet:

+ +
+
+

"The ballad-singers and the printers,

+

Must surely now have starving winters;

+

Their press they may break a' in splinters,

+

I'm told they swear,

+

Claudero's Muse, alas! we've tint her

+

For ever mair."

+
+
+ +

For want of Claudero's lash, his eulogist goes on to say:

+ +
+
+

"Now Vice may rear her hydra head,

+

And strike defenceless Virtue dead;

+

Religion's heart may melt and bleed,

+

With grief and sorrow,

+

Since Satire from your streets is fled,

+

Poor Edenburrow!"

+
+
+ +

Claudero was, notwithstanding, a sorry poet, a lax moralist, and a + sordid parson; but peace to the manes of the man, or his successor in the + latter office, who gave me in that same long room of the White Horse in + the Canongate of Edinburgh the best parents son was ever blest with!

+ +

J. O.

+ +
+ Footnote 2:(return) +

Letters from Edinburgh, London, 1776. See also, Letters from + a Gentleman in Scotland to his Friend in England (commonly called + Burt's Letters): London, 1754.

+ +
+
+ +

LADY KATHERINE GREY.

+ +

(Vol. vi., p. 578.)

+ +

There appears to be some doubt if the alleged marriage ever did take + place, for I find, in Baker's Chronicles, p. 334., that in 1563 + "divers great persons were questioned and condemned, but had their lives + spared," and among them—

+ +
+ +

"Lady Katherine Grey, daughter to Henry Grey Duke of Suffolk, by the + eldest daughter of Charles Brandon, having formerly been married to the + Earl of Pembroke's eldest son, and from him soon after lawfully divorced, + was some years after found to be with child by Edward Seymour Earl of + Hartford, who, being at that time in France, was presently sent for: and + being examined before the Archbishop of Canterbury, and affirming they + were lawfully married, but not being able within a limited time to + produce witnesses of their marriage, they were both committed to the + Tower."

+ +
+ +

After some further particulars of the birth of a second child in the + Tower, the discharge of the Lieutenant, Sir Edward Warner, and the fining + of the Earl by the Star Chamber, to the extent of 5000l., the + narrative proceeds:

+ +
+ +

"Though in pleading of his case, one John Hales argued they were + lawful man and wife by virtue of their own bare consent, without any + ecclesiastical ceremony."

+ +
+ +

Collins, in his Peerage (1735), states:

+ +
+ +

"The validity of this marriage being afterwards tried at Common Law, + the minister who married them being present, and other circumstances + agreeing, the jury (whereof John Digby, Esq., was foreman) found it a + good marriage."

+ +
+ +

{69}

+ +

Sharpe, in his Peerage (1833), under the title "Stamford," + says:

+ +
+ +

"'The manner of her departing' in the Tower, which Mr. Ellis + has printed from a MS. so entitled in the Harleian Collection, although + less terrible, is scarcely less affecting than that of her heroic + sister," &c.

+ +
+ +

Perhaps your correspondent A. S. A. may be enabled to consult this + work, and so ascertain further particulars.

+ +

Broctuna.

+ +

Bury, Lancashire.

+ +
+ +

HOWLETT THE ENGRAVER.

+ +

(Vol. i., p. 321.)

+ +

In your first Volume, an inquiry is made for information respecting + the above person. As I find on referring to the subsequent volumes of "N. + & Q." that the Query never received any reply, I beg to forward a + cutting from the Obituary of the New Monthly Magazine for June, + 1828, referring to Howlett; concerning whom, however, I cannot give any + further information.

+ +
+ +

"MR. BARTHOLOMEW HOWLETT.

+ +

"Lately in Newington, Surrey, aged sixty, Mr. Bartholomew Howlett, + antiquarian, draughtsman, and engraver. This artist was a pupil of Mr. + Heath, and for many years devoted his talents to the embellishment of + works on topography and antiquities. His principal publication, and which + will carry his name down to posterity with respect as an artist, was A + Selection of Views in the County of Lincoln; comprising the Principal + Towns and Churches, the Remains of Castles and Religious Houses, and + Seats of the Nobility and Gentry; with Topographical and Historical + Accounts of each View. This handsome work was completed in 4to. in + 1805. The drawings are chiefly by T. Girtin, Nattes, Nash, Corbould, + &c., and the engravings are highly creditable to the burin of Mr. + Howlett. Mr. Howlett was much employed by the late Mr. Wilkinson on his + Londina Illustrata; by Mr. Stevenson in his second edition of + Bentham's Ely; by Mr. Frost, in his recent Notices of Hull; + and in numerous other topographical works. He executed six plans and + views for Major Anderson's Account of the Abbey of St. Denis; and + occasionally contributed to the Gentleman's Magazine, and engraved + several plates for it. In 1817, Mr. Howlett issued proposals for A + Topographical Account of Clapham, in the County of Surrey, illustrated by + Engravings. These were to have been executed from drawings by + himself, of which he made several, and also formed considerable + collections; but we believe he only published one number, consisting of + three plates and no letter-press. We hope the manuscripts he has left may + form a groundwork for a future topographer. They form part of the large + collections for Surrey, in the hands of Mr. Tytam. In 1826, whilst the + Royal Hospital and Collegiate Church of St. Katharine, near the Tower, + was pulling down, he made a series of drawings on the spot, which it was + his intention to have engraved and published. But the greatest effort of + his pencil was in the service of his kind patron and friend, John Caley, + Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A., keeper of the records in the Augmentation Office. + For this gentleman Mr. Howlett made finished drawings from upwards of a + thousand original seals of the monastic and religious houses of this + kingdom."

+ +
+ +

B. Hudson.

+ +

Congleton, Cheshire.

+ +
+ +

CHAUCER.

+ +

(Vol. vi., p. 603.)

+ +

In reference to the question raised by J. N. B., what authority there + is for asserting that Chaucer pursued the study of the law at the Temple, + I send you the following extract from a sketch of his life by one of his + latest biographers, Sir Harris Nicolas:

+ +
+ +

"It has been said that Chaucer was originally intended for the law, + and that, from some cause which has not reached us, and on which it would + be idle to speculate, the design was abandoned. The acquaintance he + possessed with the classics, with divinity, with astronomy, with so much + as was then known of chemistry, and indeed with every other branch of the + scholastic learning of the age, proves that his education had been + particularly attended to; and his attainments render it impossible to + believe that he quitted college at the early period at which persons + destined for a military life usually began their career. It was not then + the custom for men to pursue learning for its own sake; and the most + rational manner of accounting for the extent of Chaucer's acquirements, + is to suppose that he was educated for a learned profession. The + knowledge he displays of divinity would make it more likely that he was + intended for the church than for the bar, were it not that the writings + of the Fathers were generally read by all classes of students. One writer + says that Chaucer was a member of the Inner Temple, and that while there + he was fined two shillings for beating a Franciscan friar in Fleet + Street[3]; and + another (Leland) observes, that after he had travelled in France, + 'collegia leguleiorum frequentavit.' Nothing, however, is positively + known of Chaucer until the autumn of 1359, when he himself says he was in + the army with which Edward III. invaded France, and that he served for + the first time on that occasion."

+ +
+ +

The following remarks are from the Life of Chaucer, by William + Godwin, Lond. 1803, vol. i. p. 357.:

+ +
+ +

"The authority which of late has been principally relied upon with + respect to Chaucer's legal education is that of Mr. Speght, who, in his + Life of Chaucer, says, 'Not many yeeres since, Master Buckley did + see a record in the same house [the Inner Temple], where Geoffrey Chaucer + was fined two shillings for beating a Franciscane fryar in + Fleet-streete.' This certainly {70}would be excellent evidence, were it not for + the dark and ambiguous manner in which it is produced. I should have been + glad that Mr. Speght had himself seen the record, instead of Master + Buckley, of whom I suppose no one knows who he is: why did he not? I + should have been better satisfied if the authority had not been + introduced with so hesitating and questionable a phrase as 'not many + yeeres since;' and I also think that it would have been better if Master + Buckley had given us the date annexed to the record; as we should then at + least have had the satisfaction of knowing whether it did not belong to + some period before our author was born, or after he had been committed to + the grave. Much stress, therefore, cannot be laid upon the supposition of + Chaucer having belonged to the Society of the Inner Temple."

+ +
+ +

Tyro.

+ +

Dublin.

+ +
+ Footnote 3:(return) +

"Speght, who states that a Mr. Buckley had seen a record of the Inner + Temple to that effect."—Note by Sir H. N.

+ +
+
+ +

PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES.

+ +

Pyrogallic Acid (Vol. vi., p. 612.).—In answer to the + Query of your correspondent E. S., I beg to give the following method of + preparing pyrogallic acid (first published by Dr. Stenhouse), which I + have tried and found perfectly successful.

+ +

Make a strong aqueous infusion of powdered galls; pour it off from the + undissolved residue, and carefully evaporate to dryness by a gentle heat: + towards the conclusion of the process the extract is very liable to burn; + this is best prevented by continued stirring with a glass or porcelain + spatula. Next, procure a flat-bottomed iron pan, about ten inches + diameter and five inches deep. Make a hat of cartridge paper pasted + together, about seven inches high, to slip over and accurately fit the + top of the iron pan. Strew the bottom of the pan with the gall extract to + the depth of three-quarters of an inch; over the top stretch and tie a + piece of bibulous paper pierced with numerous pin-holes; over this place + the hat, and tie it also tightly round the top of the pan.

+ +

The whole apparatus is now to be placed in a sand-bath, and heat + cautiously applied. It is convenient to place a glass thermometer in the + sand-bath as near the iron pan as possible. The heat is to be continued + about an hour, and to be kept as near 420° Fah. as possible; on no + account is it to exceed 450°. The vapour of the acid condenses in the + hat, and the crystals are prevented from falling back into the pan by the + bibulous paper diaphragm. When it is supposed that the whole of the acid + is sublimed, the strings are to be untied, and the hat and diaphragm + cautiously taken off together; the crystals will be found in considerable + quantity, and should be removed into a stoppered bottle; they should be + very brilliant and perfectly white; if there is any yellow tinge, the + heat has been too great.

+ +

I believe that close attention to the above details will ensure + success to any one who chooses to try the process, but at the same time I + must remind your correspondents that scarcely any operation in chemistry + is perfectly successful the first time of trial.

+ +

J. G. H.

+ +

Clapham.

+ +

Stereoscopic Pictures with One Camera (Vol. vi., p. + 587.).—In reply to the inquiry of Ramus, + allow me to say the matter is not difficult. My plan is as + follows:—Suppose a piece of still-life to be the subject. Set up + the camera at such a distance as will give a picture of the size + intended, suppose it sixteen feet from the principal and central object; + by means of a measuring tape or a piece of string, measure the exact + distance from the principal object to the front of the camera. Take and + complete the first picture; if it prove successful, remove the camera + about two feet either to the right or left of its first station + (i.e. according to the judgment formed as to which will afford the + most artistic view of the subject), taking care by help of the tape or + string to preserve the same distance between the principal object and the + camera, and that the adjustment of focus is not disturbed. In other + words, the camera must be moved to another part of the arc of a circle, + of which the principal object is the centre, and the measured distance + the radius. If the arc through which the camera is moved to its second + station be too large, the stereoscopic picture will be unnaturally and + unpleasingly distorted. The second picture is now to be taken.

+ +

If the subject be a sitter, it is of the utmost importance to proceed + as quickly as possible, as the identical position must be retained + movelessly till both pictures are completed. This (in my experience) is + scarcely practicable with collodion pictures, unless by the aid of an + assistant and two levelled developing-stands in the dark closet; for the + time occupied by starting the first picture on its development, and + preparing the second glass plate (scarcely less than three or four + minutes), will be a heavy tax on the quiescent powers of the sitter. This + difficulty is avoided by adopting the Daguerreotype process, as the + plates can be prepared beforehand, and need not be developed before both + pictures are taken. In this case the only delay between the pictures is + in the shifting the position of the camera. This is readily done by + providing a table of suitable height (instead of the ordinary tripod), on + which an arc of a circle is painted, having for its centre the place of + the sitter. If the sitter be at the distance of eleven or twelve feet (my + usual distance with a 3¼ inch Voightlander), the camera need not be moved + more than ten or twelve inches; and even this distance produces some + visible distortion to an accurate observer.

+ +

The second levelling stand is required when using the collodion + process, because the second {71}picture will be ready for development before + the developing and fixing of the first has set its stand at liberty.

+ +

Cokely.

+ +

Mr. Crookes' Wax-paper Process (Vol. vi., p. 613.).—R. E. + wishes to know the exact meaning of the sentence, "With the addition of + as much free iodine as will give it a sherry colour." After adding + the iodide of potassium to the water, a small quantity of iodine (this + can be proctored at any operative chemist's) is to be dissolved in the + mixture until it be of the proper colour.

+ +

The paper is decidedly more sensitive if exposed wet, but it should + not be washed; and I think it is advisable to have a double quantity of + nitrate of silver in the exciting bath. I have not yet tried any other + salt than iodide of potassium for the first bath; but I hope before the + summer to lay before your readers a simpler, and I think superior + wax-paper process, upon which I am at present experimenting.

+ +

William Crookes.

+ +

Hammersmith.

+ +

P.S.—I see that in the tables R. E. has given, he has nearly + doubled the strength of my iodine bath. It should be twenty-four grains + to the ounce, instead of forty-four; and he has entirely left out the + iodine.

+ +

India Rubber a Substitute for Yellow Glass.—I think that + I have made a discovery which may be useful to photographers. It is known + that some kinds of yellow glass effectually obstruct the passage of the + chemical rays, and that other kinds do not, according to the manner in + which the glass is prepared.

+ +

I have never heard or read of India rubber being used for this + purpose; but I believe it will be found perfectly efficient, and will + therefore state how I arrived at this conclusion.

+ +

Having occasion to remove a slate from the side of my roof, to make an + opening for my camera, I thought of a sheet of India rubber to supply the + place of the slate, and thus obtain a flexible waterproof covering to + exclude the wet, and to open and shut at pleasure. This succeeded + admirably, but I found that I had also obtained a deep rich yellow + window, which perfectly lighted a large closet, previously quite dark, + and in which for the last ten days I have excited and developed the most + sensitive iodized collodion on glass. I therefore simply announce the + fact, as it may be of some importance, if verified by others and by + further experiment. I have not yet tested it with a lens and the solution + of sulphite of quinine, as I wished the sun to shine on the sheet of + India rubber at the time, which would decide the question. However, sheet + India rubber can be obtained of any size and thickness required: mine is + about one-sixteenth of an inch thick, and one foot square; and the + advantages over glass would be great in some cases, especially for a dark + tent in the open air, as any amount of light might be obtained by + stitching a sheet of India rubber into the side, which would fold up + without injury. It is possible that gutta percha windows would answer the + same purpose.

+ +

H. Y. W. N.

+ +

Brompton.

+ +

Dr. Diamond's Paper Processes.—We have been requested to + call attention to, and to correct several errors of the press overlooked + by us in Dr. Diamond's article, in the hurry of + preparing our enlarged Number (No. 166.). The most important is in the + account of the exciting fluid,—the omission, at p. 21. col. + 1. l. 47. (after directions to take one drachm of aceto-nitrate of + silver), of the words "one drachm of saturated solution of gallic + acid." The passage should run thus: "Of this solution take one + drachm, and one drachm of saturated solution of gallic acid, and add to + it two ounces and a half of distilled water."

+ +

In the same page, col. 2. l. 13., "solvent" should be "saturated;" and + in the same article, passim, "hyposulphate" should be + "hyposulphite," and "solarise" should be "solarize."

+ +
+ +

Replies to Minor Queries.

+ +

Ancient Timber Town-halls.—Since my account of ancient + town-halls (Vol. v., p. 470.) was written, one of these fabrics of the + olden time noticed therein has ceased to exist, that of Kington, co. + Hereford, it having been taken down early in November last, but for what + reason I have not learned. Another, formerly standing in the small town + of Church Stretton, in the co. of Salop, which was erected upon wooden + pillars, and constructed entirely of timber, must have been a truly + picturesque building, was taken down in September, 1840. A woodcut of the + latter is now before me. Of the old market-house at Leominster I possess + a very beautiful original drawing, done by Mr. Carter upwards of half a + century ago.

+ +

J. B. Whitborne.

+ +

Magnetic Intensity (Vol. vi., p. 578.).—The magnetic + intensity is greatest at the poles; the ratio may roughly be said to be + 1.3, but more accurately 1 to 2.906. This is found by observation of the + oscillations of a vertical or horizontal needle. A needle which made 245 + oscillations in ten minutes at Paris, made only 211 at 7° 1′ south lat. in Peru. The intensity and + variations to which it is subject is strictly noted at all the magnetic + observatories, and I believe the disturbances of intensity which + sometimes occur have been found to be simultaneous by a comparison of + observations at different latitudes.

+ +

For the fullest information on magnetic intensity, Adsum is referred to Sabine's Report on {72}Magnetic Intensity, also Sabine's + Contributions to Terrestrial Magnetism, 1843, No. V.

+ +

T. B.

+ +

Monument at Wadstena (Vol. vi., pp. 388. 518.).—I have + received the following (which I translate) from my friend in Denmark, + whom I mentioned in my last communication on this monument:

+ +
+ +

"It is only about a month since I saw Queen Philippa's tombstone in + the church of Vadstena Monastery. It is a very large stone, on which the + device and inscription are cut in outline, but there is no brass + about it. King Erik Menved's and Queen Ingeberg's monument in Ringsted + Church is the finest brass I ever saw, and I have seen many."

+ +
+ +

There is a good engraving of the brass alluded to, which is a very + rich one, in Antiquariske Annaler, vol. iii.: Copenhagen, 1820. + The inscriptions are curious, and the date 1319.

+ +

W. C. Trevelyan.

+ +

Wallington.

+ +

David Routh, R. C. Bishop of Ossory (Vol. iii., p. + 169.).—In the article on a Cardinal's Monument, by Mr. J. Graves, of Kilkenny, allusion is made to the + monument of the above Catholic Bishop Routh or Rothe, as being in the + Cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny, with his arms "surmounted by a + cardinal's hat," and that he died some years after 1643. If Mr. Graves would give the date of this prelate's + decease, or rather a copy of the full inscription on his monument, with a + notice of the sculptured armorial bearings thereupon, he would be + conferring a favour on a distant inquirer; and as Mr. + Graves is, apparently, a resident at Kilkenny, no obstacle exists + to prevent his complying with this request.

+ +

Any notices procurable regarding Bishop Routh are well deserving of + insertion in "N. & Q.," for he was a man of deep learning and + research, and is well known to have assisted the celebrated Archbishop + Ussher of Armagh in the compilation of his Primordia, for which he + had high compliments paid him by that eminent prelate, notwithstanding + their being of different religions.

+ +

Bishop Routh was also himself the author of a work on Irish + Ecclesiastical History, now very rare, and seldom procurable + complete. He published it anonymously, in two volumes 8vo., in the year + 1617, at "Coloniæ, apud Steph. Rolinum," with the following rather long + title:

+ +
+ +

"Analecta Sacra, Nova, et Mira, de Rebus Catholicorum in Hibernia: + Divisa in tres partes, quarum I, Continet semestrem gravaminam + relationem, secundâ hac editione novis adauctam additamentis, et Notis + illustratam. II. Parænesin ad Martyres designatos. III. Processum + Martyrialem quorundam Fidei Pugilium; Collectore et Relatore, T. N. + Philadelpho."

+ +
+ +

I fear this has degenerated from a Note into a Query; however, I may + state in conclusion, that Mr. Graves is in error + in styling the hat on Bishop Routh's monument a cardinal's, for all + Catholic prelates, and abbots also, have their armorial bearings + surmounted by a hat, exactly similar to a cardinal's hat, with this + difference only, that the number of tassels depending from it varies + according to the rank of the prelate, from the cardinal's with + fifteen tassels in five rows, down to that of a prior with three + only on each side in two rows.

+ +

A. S. A.

+ +

Punjaub.

+ +

Cardinal Erskine (Vol. ii., p. 406.; Vol. iii., p. + 13.).—Several notices of this ecclesiastic have appeared in "N. + & Q.," but as none of them give the exact information required, I now + do so, though perhaps tardily. He was born 13th February, 1753, at Rome, + where his father, Colin Erskine, a Jacobite, and exiled scion of the + noble Scottish house of Erskine, Earls of Kellie, had taken up his + residence. "Monsignor Charles Erskine," having embraced the + ecclesiastical life at an early age, and passed through several + gradations in the Church of Rome, was, in 1785, "Promotore della Fede," + an office of the Congregation of Rites; in 1794 auditor to Pope Pius VI., + and raised to the purple by Pope Pius VII., who created him a + Cardinal-Deacon of the Holy Roman Church, + 25th February, 1801. Cardinal Erskine accompanied the latter pontiff in + his exile from Rome in the year 1809, and died at Paris, 19th March, + 1811, in the fifty-eighth year of his age, and eleventh of his + cardinalate.

+ +

A. S. A.

+ +

Punjaub.

+ +

"Ne'er to these chambers," &c. (Vol. vii., p. + 14.).—In reply to Aram's Query: "Where do + these lines come from?" they come from Tickell's sublime and pathetic + "Elegy on the Death of Addison." Aram ("Wits have + short memories," &c.) has misquoted them. In a poem of so high + a mood, to displace a word is to destroy a beauty. Aram has interpolated several words. The + following is the true version:

+ +
+
+

"Ne'er to these chambers, where the mighty rest,

+

Since their foundation, came a nobler guest,

+

Nor e'er was to the bowers of bliss convey'd

+

A fairer spirit, or more welcome shade."

+
+
+ +

George Daniel.

+ +

Canonbury.

+ +

These lines are taken from the "Elegy on the Death of Addison," + written by Tickell. They are, if I remember rightly, inscribed on the + gravestone recently placed over his remains by the Earl of Ellesmere, in + the north aisle of Henry VII.'s Chapel. The last two lines which your + correspondent quotes should be as follows:

+ +
+
+

"Nor e'er was to the bowers of bliss convey'd

+

A fairer spirit, or more welcome shade."

+
+
+ +

J. K. R. W.

+ +

{73}

+ +

The Budget (Vol. vi., p. 604.).—It may be useful to + inform Prestoniensis, that, in a recent work on + political economy, M. Ch. Coquelin says, that the word budget, in + its present signification, has passed into France from England: the + latter country having first borrowed it from the old French + language—bougette signifying (and particularly in old + Norman) a leather purse. It was the custom in England to put into a + leather bag the estimates of receipts and expenditure presented to + parliament: and hence, as Coquelin observes, the term passed from the + containant to the contained, and, with this new signification, returned + from this country into France; where it was first used in an official + manner in the arrêtés of the Consul's 4th Themidor, year X, and + 17th Germinal, year XI.

+ +

F. H.

+ +

"Catching a Tartar" (Vol. vi., p. 317.).—This common and + expressive saying is thus explained in Arvine's Cyclopædia:

+ +
+ +

"In some battle between the Russians and the Tartars, who are a wild + sort of people in the north of Asia, a private soldier called out, + 'Captain, halloo there! I've caught a Tartar!' 'Fetch him along then,' + said the Captain. 'Ay, but he won't let me,' said the man. And the fact + was the Tartar had caught him. So when a man thinks to take another in, + and gets himself bit, they say he's caught a Tartar."

+ +
+ +

Grose says that this saying originated with an Irish soldier who was + in the "Imperial," that is, I suppose he means the Austrian service. This + is hardly probable; the Irish are made to father many sayings which do + not rightly belong to them, and this I think may be safely written as one + among the number.

+ +

Eirionnach has now two references before him, + Grose's Glossary and Arvine's Cyclopædia, in which his + Query is partly explained, if he can but find the dates of their + publication. In this search I regret I cannot assist him, as neither of + these works are to be found in the libraries of this island; at least + thus far I have not been able to meet with them.

+ +

W. W.

+ +

Malta.

+ +

The Termination "-itis" (Vol. vii., p. 13.).—Adsum asks: "What is the derivation of the term + -itis, used principally in medical words, + and these signifying, inflammation?" If "N. & Q." were a medical + journal, the question might be answered at length, to the great advantage + of the profession; for, of late years, this termination has been tacked + on by medical writers, especially foreigners, to words of all kinds, in + utter defiance of the rules of language: as if a Greek affix were quite a + natural ending to a Latin or French noun. -itis can with propriety be appended only to those + Greek nouns whose adjectives end in -ιτης: e.g. πλευρα, + πλευριτης; κερας, + κερατιτης, &c. + Πλευριτις is + used by Hippocrates. Πλευρα means the membrane + lining the side of the chest: πλευριτις + (νοδος understood) is morbus + lateralis, the side-disease, or pleurisy. In the same manner + keratitis is a very legitimate synonym for disease of the horny + coat (cornea) of the eye. But medical writers, disregarding the rules of + language, have, for some years past, revelled in the use of their + favourite -itis to a most ludicrous + extent. Thus, from cornea, they make "corneitis," and describe an + inflammation of the crystalline lens as lentitis. Nay, some French + and German writers on diseases of the eyes have coined the monstrous word + "Descemetitis," on the ground that one Monsieur Descemet discovered a + structure in the eye, which, out of compliment to him, was called "the + membrane of Descemet."

+ +

Jaydee.

+ +
+ +

Miscellaneous.

+ +

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES

+ +

WANTED TO PURCHASE.

+ +

Defence of Usury, by Bentham. (A Tract.)

+ +

Treatise on Law, by Mackinloch.

+ +

Two Discourses of Purgatory and Prayers for the + Dead, by Wm. Wake. 1687.

+ +

What the Chartists are. A Letter to English + Working Men, by a Fellow-Labourer. 12mo. London, 1848.

+ +

Letter of Church Rates, by Ralph Barnes. 8vo. London, 1837.

+ +

Colman's Translation of Horace De Arte + Poetica. 4to. 1783.

+ +

Casaubon's Treatise on Greek and Roman + Satire.

+ +

Boscawen's Treatise on Satire. London, + 1797.

+ +

Johnson's Lives (Walker's Classics). Vol. + I.

+ +

Titmarsh's Paris Sketch-book. Post 8vo. Vol. + I. Macrone, 1840.

+ +

Archbishop Leighton's Works. Vol. IV. 8vo + Edition. 1819.

+ +

Fielding's Works. Vol. XI. (being second of + "Amelia.") 12mo. 1808.

+ +

Holcroft's Lavater. Vol. I. 8vo. 1789.

+ +

Otway. Vols. I. and II. 8vo. 1768.

+ +

Edmondson's Heraldry. Vol. II. Folio, + 1780.

+ +

Sermons and Tracts, by W. + Adams, D.D.

+ +

The Gentleman's Magazine for January 1851.

+ +

Ben Jonson's Works. (London, 1716. 6 Vols.) + Vol. II. wanted.

+ +

The Pursuit of Knowledge. (Original Edition.) + Vol. I.

+ +

Rapin's History of England, 8vo. Vols. I., + III. and V. of the Continuation by Tindal. 1744.

+ +

Sharpe's Prose Writers. Vol. IV. 21 Vols. + 1819. Piccadilly.

+ +

Inchbald's British Theatre. Vol. XXIV. 25 + Vols. Longman.

+ +

Meyrick's Ancient Armour, by Skelton. Part XVI.

+ +

*** Correspondents sending Lists + of Books Wanted are requested to send their names.

+ +

*** Letters, stating particulars and + lowest price, carriage free, to be sent to Mr. + Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet street.

+ +
+ +

Notices to Correspondents.

+ +

Owing to the necessity of infringing on the present Number for the + Title-page of our Sixth Volume, we are compelled to omit many interesting + communications, and also our usual Notes on + Books, &c.

+ +

B. H. C.'s communication on the subject of "Proclamations" has been + forwarded to Mr. Bruce. {74}

+ +

A. S. T. The line is from Prior:

+ +
+
+

"Fine by degrees and beautifully less."

+
+
+ +

T. M. G. (Worcester) is thanked. As the entire document + would not occupy any great space, we shall be obliged by the opportunity + of inserting it.

+ +

Notes on Old London have only been thrust + aside. They are intended for early insertion.

+ +

M. B. C. We fear this cannot be avoided. The only consolation is, + the additional interest with which the volumes will be regarded a century + hence.

+ +

N. C. L., who writes respecting Shaw's Stafford MSS., is + requested to say how a communication may be forwarded to him.

+ +

A Reader, who writes respecting the "Arnold + Family," the same.

+ +

W. S.'s (Sheffield) communications are at press, and shall have + early attention.

+ +

J. E. L. is thanked. We can assure him that the present + result of much consideration and many communications, both by letter and + personally, is to impress us with the feeling that the majority approve. + The book-men shall, however, be no losers.

+ +

New Ordinary of Arms. The anonymous + Correspondent on this subject will obtain the information of which he is + in search on reference to its Editor, Mr. J. W. Papworth, 14 A. Great Marlborough Street, London.

+ +

Aldiborontophoskophornio—World without a + Sun. The many Correspondents who have replied to these Queries + are thanked.

+ +

C. (Pontefract) is requested to forward copies of the Queries in + question.

+ +

Rev. E. B. (B***) is requested to state the + subject of his communication. In his last very extraordinary letter he + has omitted this important piece of information.

+ +

C. E. F. who complains of the disappearance of a portion of the + collodion film at the spot where the hyposulphite of soda is applied, is + informed that this is by no means an uncommon occurrence, and indicates + the feeble action of the light at the present time of year. By using the + glass a little larger than is required, as has been before recommended, + and pouring the hyposulphite of soda on the portion which is to be cut + off, and allowing it to flow over the picture, the defect will generally + be avoided. A much stronger solution of the hyposulphite of soda may be + used—say, one ounce to two ounces of water; and then, by preserving + the solution, and using it over and over again, a more agreeable picture + is produced. The solution, when it becomes weak, may be refreshed by a + few crystals of the fresh salt added to it.

+ +

F. W. If the bath of nitrate of silver produces the semi-opaque + appearance upon the collodion, in all probability there is no + hyposulphite of soda in the bath: three or four drops of tincture of + iodine added to each ounce of the solution of nitrate of silver in the + bath, often acts very beneficially. All doubtful solutions of nitrate of + silver it is well to precipitate by means of common salt, collect the + chloride, and reduce it again to its metallic state. The paper process + described by Dr. Diamond in our 166th Number is + calculated both for positives and negatives.

+ +

"Notes and Queries" is published at noon on Friday, so that the + Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcel, and + deliver them to their Subscribers on the Saturday.

+ +
+ +

THE ECLECTIC REVIEW for JANUARY, price 1s. 6d., or by + post 2s. (commencing a new volume), contains:

+ +
+
+

VIII. The Hungarian Struggle and Arthur Görgey.

+

VIII. Scottish Preachers and Preaching.

+

VIII. Thackeray's History of Colonel Esmond.

+

IIIV. British South Africa.

+

IIIV. Solwan; or Waters of Comfort.

+

IIVI. Religious Persecutions in Tuscany.

+

IVII. The Distribution of the Representation.

+

VIII. Review of the Month, &c. &.c

+
+
+ +

This day is published, No. IX., price 1s. (80 pp.),

+ +

THE HOMILIST; and Bi-Monthly Pulpit Review.

+ +
+ +

Contents:

+ +

HOMILY:—The Historic Forms of Anti-Theism.

+ +

GERMS OF THOUGHT.

+ +

THE GENIUS OF THE GOSPEL:—The Temptation of Christ; or, the + Typal Battle of the Good.

+ +

GLANCES AT SOME OF THE GREAT PREACHERS OF ENGLAND:—Hugh + Latimer.

+ +

THEOLOGICAL AND PULPIT LITERATURE:—Schleiermacher. Wellington + and the Pulpit.

+ +
+ +

No. X. will be published on the 1st of March.

+ +
+ +

WARD & CO., 27. Paternoster Row.

+ +
+ +
+ +

Just published, 1 vol. 8vo., price 9s.

+ +

ANCIENT IRISH MINSTRELSY, +by REV. W. HAMILTON +DRUMMOND, D.D., M.R.S.A.

+ +
+ +

"A graceful addition to the lover of Ancient Minstrelsy, whether he be + Irishman or not. A man need not be English to enjoy the Chevy Chace, nor + Scotch to value the Border Minstrelsy. The extracts we have given from + Dr. Drummond's work, so full of force and beauty, will satisfy him, we + trust, he need not be Irish to enjoy the fruits of Dr. D.'s + labours."—The Dublin Advocate.

+ +
+ +

Dublin: HODGES & SMITH, Grafton +Street. London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, +& CO., 4. Stationers' Hall Court.

+ +
+ +

Just published, Vol. I., 2l. 12s. 6d.

+ +

DETAILS OF GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE, +measured and drawn +from existing Examples, by J. K. COLLING, +Architect.

+ +

No. XXV. of Vol. II. contains:

+ +
+ +

West Doorway of North Aisle, Kingsbury Church, Warwick. South Doorway, + Ebony Chapel, Kent.

+ +

Corbel from the Mayor's Chapel, Bristol.

+ +

Sedilia and Piscina in the Chantry Chapel, Bitton Church, + Gloucestershire.

+ +

Ditto, Ditto, Section and Details.

+ +

Naves, Piers, and Arches, Wittersham Church, Kent. Ditto, Fishtoft + Church, Lincoln, Ditto, St. Mary's Church, Scarborough.

+ +
+ +

Also,

+ +

GOTHIC ORNAMENTS,

+ +

Being a Series of Examples of enriched Details and Accessories of the + Architecture of Great Britain. Drawn from existing Authorities by JAMES + K. COLLING, Architect. 2 vols. 4to., 7l. 10s., cloth.

+ +

London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street, +and DAVID BOGUE.

+ +
+ +

To Members of Learned Societies, Authors, &c.

+ +

ASHBEE & DANGERFIELD, LITHOGRAPHERS, DRAUGHTSMEN, AND PRINTERS, + 18. Broad Court, Long Acre.

+ +

A. & D. respectfully beg to announce that they devote particular + attention to the execution of ANCIENT AND MODERN FAC-SIMILES, comprising + Autograph Letters, Deeds, Charters, Title-pages, Engravings, Woodcuts, + &c., which they produce from any description of copies with the + utmost accuracy, and without the slightest injury to the originals.

+ +

Among the many purposes to which the art of Lithography is most + successfully applied, may be specified,—ARCHÆOLOGICAL DRAWINGS, + Architecture, Landscapes, Marine Views, Portraits from Life or Copies, + Illuminated MSS., Monumental Brasses, Decorations, Stained Glass Windows, + Maps, Plans, Diagrams, and every variety of illustrations requisite for + Scientific and Artistic Publications.

+ +

PHOTOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS lithographed with the greatest care and + exactness.

+ +

LITHOGRAPHIC OFFICES, 18. Broad +Court, Long Acre, London.

+ +
+ +
+ +

Twenty-five Letters of Nelson, near One Hundred interesting Letters of + the Duke of Wellington, Important State Papers illustrative of the Reign + of George III., and other very valuable Autographs.

+ +
+ +

PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by + AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on TUESDAY, January 24, + and Two following Days, a Valuable Assemblage of Autograph Letters, in + the finest preservation; including the Joint Collections of S. J. PRATT + and DR. MAVOR; amongst which will be found many Letters of great Rarity + and Interest, Selections from the Fairfax and Rupert Correspondence, + &c.

+ +

Catalogues will be sent on Application (if in the Country, on receipt + of Six Stamps).

+ +
+ +
+ +

Theology, Voyages and Travels, American History and Literature, and + the celebrated Copy of the Scriptures known as "The Bowyer Bible."

+ +
+ +

PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by + AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on SATURDAY, Feb. 26, and + Five following Days, an Extensive and Valuable Collection of Curious and + Interesting Voyages and Travels, many of which relate to America, the + East and West Indies, &c.: also valuable Theological Books, including + a large Collection of the Works of Puritan Writers; to which is added, + the Celebrated Copy of the Holy Scriptures, known as

+ +

"THE BOWYER BIBLE,"

+ +

the most extensively Illustrated Book extant formed at a cost of + several Thousand Pounds; the elaborately Carved Oak Case to contain the + same, &c.

+ +

Catalogues are preparing, and may shortly be had.

+ +
+ +

Recently published, price 2d.

+ +

DEATH THE LEVELLER. A Sermon preached in Ecclesfield Parish Church, by + the REV. ALFRED GATTY, M.A., Vicar, on the 21st of November, 1852, the + Sunday after the Funeral of the Duke of Wellington.

+ +

Published by Request.

+ +

London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.

+ +
+ +

{75}

+ +

BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class + X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all + Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold + London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver + Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, + 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior + Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's + Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch + skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, + 2l., 3l., and 4l. Thermometers from ls. + each.

+ +

BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, + the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,

+ +

65. CHEAPSIDE.

+ +
+ +

MR. HENRI VAN LAUN assists Gentlemen in obtaining a critical knowledge + of the French, German, and Dutch languages. From his acquaintance with + the ancient as well as the modern literature of these three languages, + and also with the best English authors, he can render his lessons + valuable to gentlemen pursuing antiquarian or literary researches. He + also undertakes the translation of Manuscripts. Communications to be + addressed, pre-paid. ANDREW'S Library, 167. New Bond Street.

+ +
+ +

WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY,

+ +

3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.

+ +

Founded A.D. 1842.

+ +
+Directors.
+H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq.
+William Cabell, Esq.
+T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.
+G. Henry Drew, Esq.
+William Evans, Esq.
+William Freeman, Esq.
+F. Fuller, Esq.
+J. Henry Goodhart, Esq.
+T. Grissell, Esq.
+James Hunt, Esq.
+J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq.
+E. Lucas, Esq.
+James Lys Seager, Esq.
+J. Basley White, Esq.
+Joseph Carter Wood, Esq.
+
+Trustees.
+W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.;
+L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.;
+George Drew, Esq. +
+ +

Consulting Counsel.—Sir Wm. P. Wood, M.P.

+ +

Physician.—William Rich. Basham, M.D.

+ +

Bankers.—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.

+ +

VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.

+ +

POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary + difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application + to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed + on the Prospectus.

+ +

Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:—

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Age£s.d.Age£s.d.
  171144  322108
  221188  372186
  27245  42382
+ +

ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.

+ +

Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on + BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land + Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building + Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and + Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life + Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.

+ +
+ +

PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining + Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, + according to light.

+ +

Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the + choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their + Establishment.

+ +

Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used + in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.

+ +
+ +

PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICALS of absolute Purity, especially prepared for + this Art, may be procured from R.W. THOMAS, Operative Chemist, 10. Pall + Mall, whose well-known Preparation of Xylo-Iodide of Silver is pronounced + by the most eminent scientific men of the day to excel every other + Photographic Compound in sensitiveness, and in the marvellous vigour + uniformly preserved in the middle tints of pictures produced by it. MR. + R. W. THOMAS cautions Photographers against unprincipled persons who + (from the fact of Xyloidin and Collodion being synonymous terms) would + lead them to imagine that the inferior compound sold by them at half the + price is identical with his preparation. In some cases, even the name of + MR. T.'s Xylo-Iodide of Silver has been assumed. In order to prevent such + dishonourable practice, each bottle sent from his Establishment is + stamped with a red label bearing his signature, to counterfeit which is + felony.

+ +

Prepared solely by R. W. THOMAS,
+Chemist, &c., 10. Pall Mall.

+ +
+ +

PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.—A Selection of the above beautiful + Productions may be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where + may also be procured Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals + for the practice of Photography in all its Branches.

+ +

Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.

+ +
+ +

BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical + Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.

+ +
+ +
+ +

PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS and VIEWS by the Collodion and Waxed Paper + Process. Apparatus, Materials, and Pure Chemical Preparation for the + above processes, Superior Iodized Collodion, known by the name of + Collodio-iodide or Xylo-iodide of Silver, 9d. per oz. Pyro-gallic + Acid, 4s. per drachm. Acetic Acid, suited for Collodion Pictures, + 8d. per oz. Crystallizable and perfectly pure, on which the + success of the Calo-typist so much depends, 1s. per oz. Canson + Frère's Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive do., 4s. 6d.; + La Croix, 3s.; Turner, 3s. Whatman's Negative and Positive, + 3s. per quire. Iodized Waxed Paper, 10s. 6d. per + quire. Sensitive Paper ready for the Camera, and warranted to keep from + fourteen to twenty days, with directions for use, 11 x 9, 9s. per + doz.; Iodized, only 6s. per doz.

+ +
+ +

GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS (sole Agents for Voightlander & Sons' + celebrated Lenses), Foster Lane, London.

+ +
+ +
+ +

TO PHOTOGRAPHERS.—MR. PHILIP DELAMOTTE begs to announce that he + has now made arrangements for printing Calotypes in large or small + quantities, either from Paper or Glass Negatives. Gentlemen who are + desirous of having good impressions of their works, may see specimens of + Mr. Delamotte's Printing at his own residence, 38. Chepstow Place, + Bayswater, or at

+ +

MR. GEORGE BELL'S, 186 Fleet Street.

+ +
+ +

PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.—Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, + Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frère's make. Waxed-Paper for Le Grey's + Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.

+ +

Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. + Paternoster Row, London.

+ +
+ +

GENERAL CORNWALLIS.

+ +

An original Portrait for Sale, by COTES.

+ +

Address H. W., care of Samuel Edwards, Esq.,
+16. Harpur Street, Red Lion Square.

+ +
+ +

CHEAP BOOKS.—Just Published, a Catalogue of Second-Hand Books + (many curious), on Sale for Ready Money, by J. CROZIER. No. 5. New + Turnstile (near Lincoln's Inn Fields), Holborn.

+ +
+ +

ARCHER'S PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.—This very useful apparatus for + working the various Photographic Processes in the open air, without the + aid of any tent or dark chamber, can only be obtained of MR. ARCHER, 105. + Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury. These Cameras are made either folding + or otherwise. Also a portable folding Tripod Stand, so constructed that + the Camera can be raised or lowered, at pleasure. Achromatic Fluid and + other Lenses from 2l. 2s. to 6l. 6s. Iodized + Collodion, 10s. per lb., 9d. per oz.; and all Chemicals of + the best quality.

+ +

Practical Instruction given in the Art.

+ +
+ +

TO PHOTOGRAPHERS.—Pure Chemicals, with every requisite for the + practice of photography, according to the instructions of Hunt, Le Grey, + Brébisson, &c. &c., may be obtained of WILLIAM BOLTON, + Manufacturer of pure chemicals for Photographic and other purposes.

+ +

Lists of Prices to be had on application.

+ +

146. Holborn Bars.

+ +
+ +

RALPH'S SERMON PAPER,—This approved Paper is particularly + deserving the notice of the Clergy, as, from its particular form (each + page measuring 5¾ by 9 inches), it will contain more matter than the size + in ordinary use: and, from the width being narrower, is much more easy to + read: adapted for expeditious writing with either the quill or metallic + pen; price 5s. per ream. Sample on application.

+ +

ENVELOPE PAPER.—To identify the contents with the address and + postmark, important in all business communications; it admits of three + clear pages (each measuring 5½ by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves + time and is more economical. Price 9s. 6d. per ream.

+ +

F. W. RALPH Manufacturing Stationer,
+36. Throgmorton Street, Bank.

+ +
+ +

KERR & STRANG, Perfumers and Wig-Makers, 124. Leadenhall Street, + London, respectfully inform the Nobility and Public that they have + invented and brought to the greatest perfection the following leading + articles, besides numerous others:—Their Ventilating Natural Curl; + Ladies and Gentlemen's PERUKES, either Crops or Full Dress, with Partings + and Crowns so natural as to defy detection, and with or without their + improved Metallic Springs; Ventilating Fronts, Bandeaux, Borders, Nattes, + Bands à la Reine, &c.; also their instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the + only dye that really answers for all colours, and never fades nor + acquires that unnatural red or purple tint common to all other dyes; it + is permanent, free of any smell, and perfectly harmless. Any lady or + gentleman, sceptical of its effects in dyeing any shade of colour, can + have it applied, free of any charge, at KERR & STRANG'S, 124. + Leadenhall Street.

+ +

Sold in Cases at 7s. 6d., 15s., and 20s. + Samples, 3s. 6d., sent to all parts on receipt of + Post-office Order or Stamps.

+ +
+ +

{76}

+ +

Now ready, in Seven Volumes, medium 4to., cloth, pp. 4,167, Price Fourteen Guineas,

+ +

THE ANNALS OF IRELAND;

+ +
+ +

From the Original of the Four Masters, from the earliest Historic + Period to the Conclusion in 1616; consisting of the Irish Text from the + Original MSS., and an English Translation, with copious Explanatory + Notes, an Index of Names, and an Index of Places, by JOHN O'DONOVAN, + Esq., LL.D., Barrister at Law; Professor of the Celtic Language, Queen's + College, Belfast.

+ +
+ +

Extract from the Dublin Review.

+ +

"We can but hope, within the limited space at our disposal, to render + a scanty and imperfect measure of justice to a work of such vast extent + and varied erudition.... We would beg the reader, if he be disposed to + doubt our opinion, to examine almost every single page out of the four + thousand of which the work consists, in order that he may learn the true + nature and extent of Mr. O'Donovan's editorial labours. Let him see the + numberless minute verbal criticisms; the elaborate topographical + annotations with which each page is loaded; the historical, genealogical, + and biographical notices; the lucid and ingenious illustrations, drawn + from the ancient laws, customs, traditions, and institutions of Ireland; + the parallelisms and discrepancies of the narrative with that of other + annalists, both native and foreign; the countless authorities which are + examined and adjusted; the errors which are corrected; the omissions and + deficiencies supplied; in a word, the curious and various learning which + is everywhere displayed. Let him remember the mines from which all those + treasures have been drawn are, for the most part, unexplored; that the + materials thus laudably applied to the illustration of the text are in + great part manuscripts which Ussher and Ware, even Waddy and Colgen, no + to speak of Lynch and Lanigan, had never seen or left unexamined; many of + them in a language which is to a great extent obsolete."

+ +

A Prospectus of the Work will be forwarded gratis to any application made to the Publishers.

+ +

Dublin: HODGES & SMITH, Grafton Street, Booksellers to the University.

+ +

London: LONGMAN & Co.; and SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & Co.

+ +
+ +

Now ready, small 4to., handsomely bound in cloth, 2l. 2s. 6d.; morocco, 2l. 12s. 6d.

+ +

POETRY OF THE YEAR,

+ +

PASSAGES FROM THE POETS

+ +

DESCRIPTIVE OF THE SEASONS.

+ +

WITH TWENTY-TWO COLOURED ILLUSTRATIONS FROM DRAWINGS BY THE FOLLOWING + EMINENT ARTISTS.

+ +
+
+

T. CRESWICK, R.A.

+

C. DAVIDSON.

+

W. LEE.

+

J. MULLER.

+

E. DUNCAN.

+

BIRKET FOSTER.

+

D. COX.

+

H. LE JEUNE.

+

W. HEMSLEY.

+

C. BRANWHITE.

+

J. WOLF.

+

C. WEIGALL.

+

HARRISON WEIR.

+

R. R.

+

E. V. B.

+

LUCETTE E. BARKER.

+
+
+ +
+ +

"Christmas has seldom produced a gift-book more creditable to all + concerned in it than this beautiful volume. The poetry is well chosen; + the passages being for the most part bits of real description, excellent + in their kind, from the writings of our poets, from the time of Lord + Surrey to that of Tennyson, with two or three beautiful bits from + American authors. Now and then a poem is inserted, which, if not + descriptive, is in spirit and feeling akin to the season to which it is + referred; and this gives variety to what might otherwise be too great a + mass of description. As a book of extracts merely, it would be an + intelligent and creditable selection, made upon a distinct and coherent + plan. But the drawings of Messrs. Foster, Davidson, Weir, Creswick, Cox, + Duncan, and Branwhite, are a great addition to the volume; and the + coloured engravings have been happy in catching the spirit and character + of the artist themselves.

+ +

"Though on a small scale, the feeling of some of the designs is + admirable, specially those devoted to the illustration of spring and + summer—the seasons which, both in poetry and painting, have the + greatest amount of honour in this volume. The publisher is entitled to + the praise of great care and attention to the appearance of the book; the + colour and texture of the paper, the type, and the binding are + unexceptionable. It is a book to do credit to any + publisher."—Guardian.

+ +
+ +

GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.

+ +
+ +

Printed by Thomas Clark Shaw, of No. 8. New + Street Square, at No. 5 New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in + the City of London; and published by George Bell, + of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in + the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street + aforesaid.—Saturday, January 15. 1853.

+ + + + + + + + +
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 168, January
+15, 1853, by Various
+
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+ + + diff --git a/42783.txt b/42783.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..50139a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/42783.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2949 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 168, January 15, +1853, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 168, January 15, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: May 24, 2013 [EBook #42783] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian +Libraries) + + + + + +{57} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 168.] +SATURDAY, JANUARY 15. 1853 +[With Index, price 10d. Stamped Edition 11d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Inedited Poem by Pope 57 + + Southey's "Doctor:" St. Matthias' Day in Leap-year, by + P. J. Yarrum 58 + + Oxfordshire Legend in Stone, by B. H. Cowper 58 + + Lady Nevell's Music-Book 59 + + Bishop Burnet, by Wm. L. Nichols 59 + + A Monastic Kitchener's Account 60 + + The Fairies in New Ross, by Patrick Cody 61 + + MINOR NOTES:--The Duke of Wellington and Marshal Ney: + Parallel Passage in the Life of Washington and Major + Andre--St. Bernard _versus_ Fulke Greville--St. + Munoki's Day--Epitaph in Chesham Churchyard--Gentlemen + Pensioners--Marlborough: curious Case of Municipal + Opposition to County Magistracy--Wet Season in + 1348--General Wolfe 62 + + QUERIES:-- + + Pope and the Marquis Maffei 64 + + The Church Catechism, by C. J. Armistead 64 + + A Countess of Southampton 64 + + MINOR QUERIES:--Hardening Steel Bars--Pierrepoint--Ceylon-- + Flemish and Dutch Schools of Painting--"To talk like a + Dutch Uncle"--Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Belgium-- + Charter of Waterford--Inscription on Penny of George + III.--"Shob" or "Shub," a Kentish Word--Bishop Pursglove + (Suffragan) of Hull--Stewarts of Holland--Robert Wauchope, + Archbishop of Armagh, 1543--Plum-pudding--"Whene'er I + asked"--Immoral Works--Arms at Bristol--Passage in + Thomson--"For God will be your King to-day"--"See where + the startled wild fowl"--Ascension-day--The Grogog + of a Castle 65 + + REPLIES:-- + + Canongate Marriages 67 + + Lady Katherine Grey 68 + + Howlett the Engraver, by B. Hudson 69 + + Chaucer 69 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES:--Pyrogallic Acid-- + Stereoscopic Pictures with One Camera--Mr. Crookes' + Wax-paper Process--India Rubber a Substitute for Yellow + Glass--Dr. Diamond's Paper Processes 70 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Ancient Timber Town-halls-- + Magnetic Intensity--Monument at Wadstena--David Routh, + R. C. Bishop of Ossory--Cardinal Erskine--"Ne'er to these + chambers," &c.--The Budget--"Catching a Tartar"--The + Termination "-itis" 71 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 73 + + Notices to Correspondents 73 + + Advertisements 74 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +INEDITED POEM BY POPE. + +In an original letter from James Boaden to Northcote the artist, I find the +following passage; and I add to it the verses to which allusion is therein +made: + + "60. Warren Street, Fitzroy Square. + "28th August, 1827. + + "My dear friend, + +"The verses annexed are so fine, that you should put them into your copy of +Pope, among the Miscellanies. Dr. Warburton received them too late for his +edition of our poet, and I find them only in a letter from the prelate to +Dr. Hurd, dated 'Prior Park, June 24th, 1765.' + +"I have used the freedom to mark a few of the finest touches with a pencil, +to show you _my_ feeling. These you can rub out easily, and afterwards +indulge your own. The style of interrogation seems to have revived in +Gray's Elegy. Hurd would send the verses to Mason as soon as he got them; +and Mason and Gray, as you know, were _one_ in all their studies. + + "I do not forget the Fables. + "Yours, my dear friend, always, + "J. BOADEN. + "J. Northcote, Esq." + +Not having by me any modern edition of Pope's _Works_, may I ask whether +these verses, thus transcribed for Northcote by his friend Boaden, have yet +been introduced to the public? + + _Verses by Mr. Pope, on the late Dean of Carlisle's (Dr. Bolton) having + written and published a Paper to the Memory of Mrs. Butler, of Sussex, + Mother to old Lady Blount of Twickenham._ + + [They are supposed to be spoken by the deceased lady to the author of + that paper, which drew her character.] + + "Stript to the naked soul, escaped from clay, + From doubts unfetter'd, and dissolved in day; + Unwarm'd by vanity, unreach'd by strife, + And all my hopes and fears thrown off with life; + Why am I charm'd by Friendship's fond essays, + And tho' unbodied, conscious of thy praise? + {58} + Has pride a portion in the parted soul? + Does passion still the formless mind control? + Can gratitude outpant the silent breath, + Or a friend's sorrow pierce the glooms of death? + No, 'tis a spirit's nobler taste of bliss, + That feels the worth it left, in proofs like this; + That not its own applause but thine approves, + Whose practice praises, and whose virtue loves; + Who liv'st to crown departed friends with fame; + Then dying, late, shalt all thou gav'st reclaim. + MR. POPE." + +A. F. W. + + * * * * * + +SOUTHEY'S "DOCTOR;" ST. MATTHIAS' DAY IN LEAP-YEAR. + +In looking over the 1848 edition of Southey's book, _The Doctor_, I observe +an error which has escaped the care and revision of the editor, the Rev. J. +W. Warter, B.D. At p. 199., where Southey is referring to the advantages of +almanacs, he writes: + + "Who is there that has not sometimes had occasion to consult the + almanac? Maximilian I., by neglecting to do this, failed in an + enterprise against Bruges. It had been concerted with his adherents in + that turbulent city, that he should appear before it at a certain time, + and they would be ready to rise in his behalf, and open the gates for + him. He forgot that it was leap-year, and came a day too soon; and this + error on his part cost many of the most zealous of his friends their + lives. It is remarkable that neither the historian who relates this, + nor the writers who have followed him, should have looked into the + almanac to guard against any inaccuracy in the relation; _for they have + fixed the appointed day on the eve of St. Matthias, which being the + 23rd of February, could not be put out of its course by leap-year_." + +The words in Italics show Southey's mistake. This historian was quite +correct: as, according to the calendar of the Roman Catholic Church, +although the regular festival of St. Matthias is celebrated upon the 24th +of February, yet, "in anno bissextili Februarius est dierum 29, et Festum +S. Mathiae celebratur 25 Februarii." Thus it will be seen, that the year +when Maximilian was to have appeared before Bruges being leap-year, and the +day appointed being the eve of St. Matthias, he should have come upon the +24th, not the 23rd of February: the leap-year making all the difference. + +P. J. YARRUM. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + +OXFORDSHIRE LEGEND IN STONE. + +A few miles from Chipping-Norton, by the side of a road which divides +Oxfordshire from Warwickshire, and on the brow of a hill overlooking Long +Compton, stand the remains of a Druidical temple. Leland speaks of them as +"Rollright stones," from their being in the parish of Rollright. The temple +consists of a single circle of stones, from fifty to sixty in number, of +various sizes and in different positions, but all of them rough, time-worn, +and mutilated. The peasantry say that it is impossible to count these +stones, and certainly it is a difficult task, though not because there is +any witchcraft in the matter, but owing to the peculiar position of some of +them. You will hear of a certain baker who resolved not to be outwitted, so +hied to the spot with a basketful of small loaves, one of which he placed +on every stone. In vain he tried; either his loaves were not sufficiently +numerous, or some sorcery displaced them, and he gave up in despair. Of +course no one expects to succeed now. + +In a field adjoining are the remains of a cromlech, the altar where, at a +distance from the people, the priests performed their mystic rites. The +superimposed stone has slipped off, and rests against the others. These are +the "Whispering Knights," and this their history:--In days of yore, when +rival princes debated their claims to England's crown by dint of arms, the +hostile forces were encamped hard by. Certain traitor-knights went forth to +parley with others from the foe. While thus plotting, a great magician, +whose power they unaccountably overlooked, transformed them all into stone, +and there they stand to this day. + +Not far from the temple, but on the opposite side of the road, is a +solitary stone, probably the last of two rows which flanked the approach to +the sacred circle. This stone was once a prince who claimed the British +throne. On this spot he inquired of the magician above named what would be +his destiny: + + "If Long Compton you can see, + King of England you shall be," + +answered the wise man. But he could not see it, and at once shared the fate +of the "Whispering Knights." This is called the "King's stone," and so +stands that, while you cannot see Long Compton from it, you can if you go +forward a very little way. On some future day an armed warrior will issue +from this very stone, to conquer and govern our land! + +It is said that a farmer, who wished to bridge over a small stream at the +foot of the hill, resolved to press the "Whispering Knights" into the +service; but it was almost too much for all the horse power at his command +to bring them down. At length they were placed, but all they could do was +not sufficient to keep them in their place. It was therefore resolved to +restore them to their original post, when, lo! they who required so much to +bring them down, and defied all attempts to keep them quiet, were taken +back almost without an effort by a single horse! So there they stand, {59} +till they and the rest (for I believe the large circle was once composed of +living men) shall return to their proper manhood. + +Other legends respecting this curious relic might, I doubt not, be obtained +on the spot. I obtained the above in answer to inquiries, when making a +pilgrimage to the place. + +B. H. COWPER. + + * * * * * + +LADY NEVELL'S MUSIC-BOOK. + +The following contents of the Lady Nevell's music-book (1591) may be +interesting to many of your readers: + + "1. My Ladye Nevell's Grownde. + 2. Que passe, for my Ladye Nevell. + 3. The March before the Battell. + 4. The Battell. + The March of Footemen. + The March of Horsemen. + The Trumpetts. + The Irishe Marche. + The Bagpipe and Drone. + The Flute and Dromme. + The Marche to Fight. + Tantara. + The Battells be ioyned. + The Retreat. + 5. The Galliarde for the Victorie. + 6. The Barley Breake. + 7. The Galliarde Gygg. + 8. The Hunt's upp. + 9. Ut re mi fa sol la. + 10. The first Pauian. + 11. The Galliard to the same. + 12. The seconde Pauian. + 13. The Galliarde to the same. + 14. The third Pauian. + 15. The Galliarde to the same. + 16. The fourth Pauian. + 17. The Galliarde to the same. + 18. The fifte Pauian. + 19. The Galliarde to the same. + 20. The sixte Pauian. + 21. The Galliarde to the same. + 22. The seventh Pauian. + 23. The eighte Pauian. + The passinge mesurs is, + 24. The nynthe Pauian. + 25. The Galliarde to the same. + 26. The Voluntarie Lesson. + 27. Will you walk the Woods soe wylde. + 28. The Mayden's Song. + 29. A Lesson of Voluntarie. + 30. The second Grownde. + 31. Have w^t you to Walsingame. + 32. All in a Garden greene. + 33. The lo. Willobie's welcome home. + 34. The Carman's Whistle. + 35. Hughe Ashton's Grownde. + 36. A Fancie, for my Ladye Nevell. + 37. Sellinger's Rownde. + 38. Munser's Almaine. + 39. The tenth Pauian, Mr. W. Peter. + 40. The Galliarde to the same. + 41. A Fancie. + 42. A Voluntarie. + Finis. + + Ffinished and ended the Leventh of September, in the yeare of our Lorde + God 1591, and in the 33 yeare of the raigne of our sofferaine ladie + Elizabeth, by the grace of God Queen of England, &c., by me, Jo. + Baldwine of Windsore. + + Laudes Deo." + +The songs have no words to them. Most of the airs are signed "Mr. William +Birde." + +A modern MS. note in the book states that the book is "Lady Nevell's +Music-book," and that she seems "to have been the scholar of Birde, who +professedly composed several of the pieces for her ladyship's use;" and +that sixteen of the forty-two pieces are "in the Virginal Book of Queen +Elizabeth," and that "Jo. Baldwine was a singing-man at Windsor." The music +is written on four-staved paper of six lines, in large bold characters, +with great neatness. The notes are lozenge-shape. Can any of your +correspondents furnish rules for transposing these six-line staves into the +five-line staves of modern notations? + +L. B. L. + + * * * * * + +BISHOP BURNET. + +Having but recently become acquainted with your useful and learned work +(for _scire ubi aliquid invenire possis, magna pars eruditionis est_), I +have been much interested in looking over the earlier volumes. Allow me to +add a couple of links to your _catena_ on Bishop Burnet. The first is the +opinion of Hampton, the translator of Polybius; the other is especially +valuable, it being nothing less than the portrait of Burnet drawn by +himself, but certainly not with any idea of its being suspended beside the +worthies of his "Own Time," for the edification of posterity. + +Hampton's testimony is as follows: + + "His personal resentments put him upon writing history. He relates the + actions of a persecutor and benefactor; and it is easy to believe that + a man in such circumstances must violate the laws of truth. The + remembrance of his injuries is always present, and gives venom to his + pen. Let us add to this, that intemperate and malicious curiosity which + penetrates into the most private recesses of vice. The greatest of his + triumphs is to draw the veil of secret infamy, and expose to view + transactions that were before concealed from the world; though they + serve not in the least either to embellish the style or connect the + series of his history, and will never obtain more credit than, perhaps, + to suspend the judgment of the reader, since they are supported only by + one single, _suspected_ testimony."--_Reflections on Ancient and Modern + History_, 4to.: Oxford, 1746. + +Let me now refer you to a document, written with his own hand, which sets +the question of {60} Burnet's truthfulness and impartiality in his +delineations of character completely at rest. + +From the Napier charter-chest, "by a species of retributive justice," there +has recently risen up in judgment against him _a letter of his own, proving +his own character_. It is, I regret, too long for insertion in your pages +_in extenso_, but no abstract can give an adequate idea of its contents. It +is, in fact, so mean and abject as almost to overpass belief. I must refer +your readers to Mr. Mark Napier's _Montrose and the Covenanters_, vol. i. +pp. 13-21. All the reflections of the Whig historian Dalrymple, all the +severe remarks of Swift and Lord Dartmouth, as to Burnet's dishonesty and +malice, would now seem well bestowed upon a writer so despicable and +faithless, and the credit of whose statements, when resting _on his own +sole authority_, must be totally destroyed. This curious epistle was +written, in an agony of fear, on a Sunday morning, during the memorable +crisis of the Rye-House plot, and while Lord Russell was on the eve of his +execution. Addressed to Lord Halifax, it was intended to meet the eye of +the King. It evidently proves the writer's want of veracity in divers +subsequent statements in his history. The future bishop also protests that +he never will accept of any preferment, promises never more to oppose the +Court, and intimates an intention to paint the King in the fairest +light--"if I ever live to finish what I am about;" _i.e._ the _History of +his Own Time_, in which the villanous portrait of Charles afterwards +appeared. + + "Here, then," says Mr. Napier, "is Burnet _Redivivus_; and now the + bishop may call Montrose a coward or what he likes, and persuade the + world of his own super-eminent moral courage, if he can. For our own + part, after reading the above letter, we do not believe one malicious + word of what Burnet has uttered in the _History of his Own Time_ + against Charles I. and Montrose; and he has therein said nothing about + them that is not malicious. We do not believe that the apology for + Hamilton, which he has given to the world in the memoirs of that House, + is by any means so truthful an exposition of the character of that + mysterious marquis as the letters and papers entrusted to the bishop + enabled him to give. We feel thoroughly persuaded that Bishop Burnet, + in that work, as well as in the _History of his Own Time_, reversed the + golden maxim of Cicero, '_Ne quid falsi dicere audeat, ne quid veri non + audeat_.' The marvellous of himself, and the malicious of others, we + henceforth altogether disbelieve, when resting on the sole authority of + the bishop's historical record, and will never listen to when retailed + traditionally and at second-hand from him. Finally, we do believe the + truth of the anecdote, that the bishop, 'after a debate in the House of + Lords, usually went home and altered everybody's character as they had + pleased or displeased him that day;' and that he kept weaving in secret + this chronicle of his times, not to enlighten posterity or for the + cause of truth, but as a means of indulging in safety his own + interested or malicious feelings towards the individuals that pleased + or offended him. So much for Bishop Burnet, whose authority must + henceforth always be received _cum nota_." + +WM. L. NICHOLS. + +Lansdown Place, Bath. + + * * * * * + +A MONASTIC KITCHENER'S ACCOUNT. + +(From a volume of memoranda touching the monastery of Whalley, temp. Henry +VIII., among the records of the Court of Augmentation.) + + "Dyv'se somes of money leid oute by me Jamys More, monke and kechyner + to the late Abbot of Whalley, for and conc'nynge dyv'se caitts bought + by the seid Jamys of dyv'se [p=]sons, as hereaft' dothe [p=]ticlerly + appire by [p=]cells whiche came to thuse of the seid house, and spent + yn the seid house from the last daye of December until the ---- daye of + Marche then next folowynge yn the xxviij^{th} yere of the reign of + Kynge Henry the viij^{th}, whiche somes of money the said Jamys asketh + allowance. + + First payde to Edmunde Taillor Fischer + for ---- salt salmons, spent in the seyd + late abbott kechyn syns the tyme of his + accompt xxv^s + + Itm. Payde to the seid Edmunde for xj + freshe salmons, bought of the said Edmunde + to thuse, &c. of the seid house, + there spent by the seid tyme xxv^s + + Itm. Payde to Will'm Newbbet for fresh + fische iij^s iij^d + + Itm. Payde for vj capons, bought at Fastyngeseven + of dyv'se [p=]sons ij^s + + Itm. Payde for xxxv hennes, bought of + dyv'se [p=]sons v^s x^d + + Itm. Payde for eggs, butter, chese, bought + of dyv'se [p=]sons betwixt Cristmas and + Fastyngsevyn, spent yn the seid house xxiiij^s + + Itm. Payde for mustersede v^s + + Itm. Bought of Will'm Fische viij potts + hony-pric x^s + + Itm. Bought of Anthony Watson vij gallons + hony ix^s iiij^d + + Itm. Bought of John Colthirst ij gallons + hony ij^s iiij^d + + Itm. Payde to Richard Jackson for xvij^c + sparlyngs ix^s viii^d + + Sum of the payments vj^{li} xviij^d (sic in orig.) + + Itm. The same Jamys askyth allowance of xiiij^s, whiche + the seid late abbott dyd owe hym at the tyme of his + last accompt, whiche endyd at Cristmas last past, as + yt dothe appire by the accompt of the seid Jamys + More. + + Itm. The late abbott of Whalley dyd owe unto the + seid Jamys More, for a grey stagg that the seid + late abbott dyd by of the same Jamys by the space + of a yere syns x^s + + By me JAMES MOR." + +The advowson of the parish church of Whalley having been bequeathed to the +White Monks of Stanlawe (Cheshire), they removed their abbey {61} there +A.D. 1206; it being dedicated to the Virgin Mary ("Locus Benedictus de +Whalley"), and having about sixty indwellers. (Tanner's _Notitia_.) + +ANON. + + * * * * * + +THE FAIRIES IN NEW ROSS. + + "When moonlight + Near midnight + Tips the rock and waving wood; + When moonlight + Near midnight + Silvers o'er the sleeping flood; + When yew tops + With dew-drops + Sparkle o'er deserted graves; + 'Tis then we fly + Through welkin high, + Then we sail o'er yellow waves." + + _Book of Irish Ballads._ + +There lived, some thirty years since, in the eastern part of the suburbs of +New Ross, in the county of Wexford, denominated the "Maudlins," a hedge +carpenter named Davy Hanlan, better known to his neighbours by the +sobriquet of "Milleadh Maide," or "Speilstick." Davy plied his trade with +all the assiduity of an industrious man, "and laboured in all kinds of +weather" to maintain his little family; and as his art consisted +principally in manufacturing carts, ploughs, and harrows (iron ploughs not +being then in use) for the surrounding farmers, and doctoring their old +ones, the sphere of Davy's avocations was confined to no mean limits. + +It was a dry, sharp night, in the month of November, and darkness had set +in long before Davy left Mount Hanover, two miles distant from his home. At +length he started forward, and had already reached the bridge of the +Maudlins, when he stopped to rest; for besides his tools he carried a +bundle of wheaten straw, which he intended for a more than usually +comfortable "shake-down" for his dear rib Winny. The moon had by this time +ascended above the horizon, and by its silvery radiance depicted in +delicate outline the hills rising in the distance, while the tender rays +mixing with, and faintly illumining the gloom of the intermediate valleys, +formed a mass of light and shade so exquisitely blended as to appear the +work of enchantment. As Davy leaned on the parapet of the bridge, a thrill +of alarm involuntarily disturbed his feelings: he was about to depart when +he heard a clamorous sound, as of voices, proceeding from that part of the +valley on which he still gazed. Curiosity now tempted him to listen still +longer, when suddenly he saw a group of dwarfish beings emerging from the +gloom, and coming rapidly towards him, along the green marsh that borders +the Maudlin stream. Poor Davy was terror-stricken at this unusual sight; in +vain he attempted to escape: he was, as it were, spellbound. Instantly the +whole company gained the road beside him, and after a moment's consultation +they simultaneously cried out, "Where is my horse? give me my horse!" &c. +In the twinkling of an eye they were all mounted. Davy's feelings may be +more easily imagined than described, and in a fit of unconsciousness his +tongue, as it were mechanically, articulated "Where is my horse?" +Immediately he found himself astride on a rude piece of timber, somewhat in +shape of a plough-beam, by which he was raised aloft in the air. Away he +went, as he himself related, at the rate of nine knots an hour, gliding +smoothly through the liquid air. No aeronaut ever performed his expedition +with more intrepidity; and after about two hours' journeying the whole +cavalcade alighted in the midst of a large city, just as + + "The iron tongue of midnight had told twelve." + +One of the party, who appeared to be a leader, conducted them from door to +door, Davy following in the rear; and at the first door he passed them the +word, "We cannot enter, the dust of the floor lies not behind the door."[1] +Other impediments prevented their ingress to the next two or three doors. + +At length, having come to a door which was not guarded by any of these +insuperable sentinels which defy the force of fairy assault, he joyfully +cried out "We can enter here:" and immediately, as if by enchantment, the +door flew open, the party entered, and Davy, much astonished, found himself +within the walls of a spacious wine-store. Instantly the heads of wine +vessels were broken; bungs flew out; the carousing commenced; each boon +companion pledged his friend, as he bedewed his whiskers in the sparkling +beverage; and the wassail sounds float round the walls and hollow roof. +Davy, not yet recovered from his surprise, stood looking on, but could not +contrive to come at a drop: at length he asked a rather agreeable fairy who +was close to him to help him to some. "When I shall have done," said the +fairy, "I will give you this goblet, and you can drink." Very {62} soon +after he handed the goblet to Davy, who was about to drink, when the leader +gave the word of command: + + "Away, away, my good fairies, away! + Let's revel in moonlight, and shun the dull day." + +The horses were ready, the party mounted, and Davy was carried back to the +Maudlin bridge, bearing in his hand the silver goblet, as witness of his +exploit. Half dead he made his way home to Winny, who anxiously awaited +him; got to bed about four in the morning, to which he was confined by +illness for months afterwards. And as Davy "lived from hand to mouth," his +means were soon exhausted. Winny took the goblet and pledged it with Mr. +Alexander Whitney, the watchmaker, for five shillings. In a few days after +a gentleman who lived not twenty miles from Creywell Cremony came in to Mr. +Whitney's, saw the goblet, and recognised it as being once in his +possession, and marked with the initials "M. R.," and on examining it found +it to be the identical one which he had bestowed, some years before, on a +Spanish merchant. Davy, when able to get out, deposed on oath before the +Mayor of Ross (who is still living) to the facts narrated above. The +Spanish gentleman was written to, and in reply corroborated Davy's +statement, saying that on a certain night his wine-store was broken open, +vessels much injured, and his wine spilled and drunk, and the silver goblet +stolen. Davy was exonerated from any imputation of guilt in the affair, and +was careful, during his life, never again to rest at night on the Maudlin +bridge. + +PATRICK CODY. + +Mullinavat, county of Kilkenny. + +[Footnote 1: Every good housewife is supposed to sweep the kitchen floor +previously to her going to bed; and the old women who are best skilled in +"fairy lore" affirm, that if, through any inadvertence, she should leave +the dust thus collected behind the door at night, this dust or sweepings +will have the power of opening the door to the fairies, should they come +the way. It is also believed that, if the broom should be left behind the +door, without being placed standing on its handle, it will possess the +power of admitting the fairies. Should the water in which the family had +washed their feet, before going to bed, be left in the vessel, on the +kitchen floor, without having a coal of fire put into it, if not thrown out +in the yard, it will act as porter to the fairies or good people.] + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_The Duke of Wellington and Marshal Ney. Parallel Passage in the Life of +Washington and Major Andre._--J. R. of Cork (Vol. vi., p. 480.) tells how +Wellington was in his youth smitten with the charms of a lady, who, in +after-life having appealed to him to save the life of Ney, was not simply +unsuccessful in her object but was ordered to quit Paris forthwith. J. B. +Burke, in the _Patrician_, vol. vi. p. 372., tells how Washington +endeavoured to win the love of Mary Phillipse, and how he failed: how years +rolled on, and the rejected lover as Commander-in-Chief of the American +forces was supplicated by the same Mary, then the wife of Roger Morris, to +spare the life of Andre. The appeal failed, and one of the General's aides +was ordered to conduct the lady beyond the lines. + +ST. JOHNS. + +_St. Bernard versus Fulke Greville._--On lately reading over the fine +philosophical poem _Of Humane Learning_, by Fulke Greville, Lord Brooke, I +was struck at finding that the 144th stanza was a literal transcript from +St. Bernard. Some of your readers may possibly be amused or interested by +the discovery: + + "Yet some seeke knowledge, meerely to be knowne, + And idle curiositie that is; + Some but to sell, not freely to bestow, + These gaine and spend both time and health amisse; + Embasing arts, by basely deeming so, + Some to build others, which is charity, + But those to build themselves, who wise men be." + _Workes_, p. 50.: Lond. 1633, 8vo. + + "Sunt namque qui scire volunt eo fine tantum, ut sciant: et turpis + curiositas est. Et sunt item qui scire volunt, ut scientiam suam + vendant, verbi causa pro pecunia, pro honoribus: et turpis quaestus + est. Sed sunt quoque qui scire volunt, ut aedificentur: et prudentia + est."--S. Bernardi _In Cantica Serm._ xxxvi. Sect 3. _Opp._, vol. i. p. + 1404. Parisiis, 1719, fol. + +It is no mean eulogy upon Lord Brooke's poem just referred to, to say that +it stood high in the estimation of the late Rev. Hugh James Rose, and was +quoted approvingly by him in his lectures before the Durham University. My +acquaintance with it was first derived from that source, and I am confident +that many others of your readers sympathise with the wishes of MR. +CROSSLEY, for "a collected edition of the works of the two noble Grevilles" +("N. & Q.," Vol. iv., p. 139.). The facts upon which the tragedy of +_Mustapha_ is founded are graphically summed up by Knolles in his _Historie +of the Turkes_, pp. 757-65.: London, 1633, fol. + +RT. + +Warmington. + +_St. Munoki's Day._--Professor Craik, in his _Romance of the Peerage_, vol. +ii. p. 337., with reference to the date of the death of Margaret Tudor, +Queen Dowager of Scotland, gives two authorities, namely, 24th November, +1541, from the _Diurnal of Remarkable Occurrents_, and _St. Munoki's_ Day, +from the _Chronicle of Perth_, and then says: "I find no saint with a name +resembling _Munok_ in the common lists." Now this Note of mine has +originated in the belief that I _have found_ such a name in the _Calendar +of Saints_, or at any rate one very closely resembling it, if not the +identical _Munok_. "St. Marnok, B. patron of Killmarnock in Scotland, +honoured on the 25th October in the Scots Calendar." Now "Marnok" is most +probably _Munok_, the latter, perhaps, misspelt by a careless scribe in the +_Chronicle of Perth_. There is a discrepancy of a month certainly in these +two dates, 25th October and 24th November; but that is not very wonderful, +as a doubt of the exact day of Queen Margaret's decease evidently exists +among historians, for Pinkerton (vol. ii. p. 371.) conjectures June. The +above extract regarding St. Marnok is from a {63} curious old work in my +possession, published in 1761 in London, and entitled _A Memorial of +Ancient British Piety, or a British Martyrology_. It gives also the names +of St. Moroc, C., Nov. 8; St. Munnu, Ab., Oct. 21, both saints in the +Scottish calendar. + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_Epitaph in Chesham Churchyard._-- + + "As an + Encouragement + to Regularity, Integrity, + and good Conduct, + This Stone + was erected at the general Expense + of the Inhabitants of + this Town and Parish + to perpetuate the Memory of + MATTHEW ARCHER, + who served the Office of Clerk with + the utmost Punctuality and Decorum + for upwards of Thirty Years. + He died 15th December, 1793." + +F. B. RELTON. + +_Gentlemen Pensioners._-- + + "On Saturday last, the Secretary to the Band of Gentleman Pensioners + did, by order of the Duke of Montague their Captain, dispatch circular + letters to the said gentlemen, signifying his Grace's pleasure to + revive the ancient rules and orders that were practised at the time of + the first institution of the Band in the reign of King Henry VII., viz. + that five of the said Gentleman Pensioners shall attend constantly + every day in the antechamber of the palace where His Majesty shall be + resident, from ten in the forenoon till three in the afternoon, the + usual time of His Majesty's retiring to go to dinner; and on every + Drawing Room night from eight to twelve."--_Weekly Journal_, Jan. 4, + 1735. + +E. + +_Marlborough; Curious Case of Municipal Opposition to County +Magistracy._--Shortly after the invasion of the elder Pretender, the +corporation of Marlborough so far defied the royal authority as to drive +the quarterly county sessions from the town; and high legal opinions were +not wanting to fortify the position thus assumed by the borough, on the +ground, namely, of its municipal charter, which secured to the town a court +of its own. + +Now, we all know that in early times a borough's court-leet exempted the +burgesses from the jurisdiction of the sheriff's "tourn," and that up till +the period of the Municipal Reform bill, many charters still existed, +verbally sustaining such right of exemption; but the Queries which I wish +to put are the following. First, Though the crown's representative had no +jurisdiction, had he not a right to enter, and sit on cases foreign to the +borough? Secondly, What are the earliest instances of county quarter +sessions sitting in independent boroughs? Thirdly, Were the cases numerous +of similar acts of resistance at the period alluded to, viz. the reign of +George I.? + +I take this occasion to state that I am drawing to conclusion a history of +Silkely Hundred, which includes Marlborough and Lord Ailesbury's seat; and +shall feel grateful for any information relating to the Pretender's +influence in that district. That it must have been considerable may be +argued from the Ailesbury alliance by marriage with the young Pretender. + +J. WAYLEN. + +Devizes. + +_Wet Season in 1348._--Accidentally looking into Holinshed a few days ago, +I found that our present unusually wet season is not without a parellel, +indeed much exceeded; as on that occasion the harvest must have been a +complete failure, and dearth and disease consequently ensued. Providence, +however, has kindly blessed us with an average harvest; and, exclusive of +the disasters attendant upon storms and floods, I trust we shall escape any +further visitation. I annex an extract of the passage in Holinshed: + + "In this 22 yeare [of Edward III., A.D. 1348], from Midsummer to + Christmasse, for the more part it continuallie rained, so that there + was not one day and night drie togither, by reason whereof great flouds + insued, and the ground therewith was sore corrupted, and manie + inconueniences insued, as great sickenes, and other, insomuch that in + the yeare following, in France, the people died wonderfullie in diverse + places. In Italie also, and in manie other countries, as well in the + lands of the infidels as in Christendome, this grieuous mortalitie + reigned, to the great destruction of people. About the end of August, + the like dearth began in diuerse places of England, and especiallie in + London, continuing so for the space of twelue moneths following. And + vpon that insued great barrennesse, as well of the sea as the land, + neither of them yielding such plentie of things as before they had + done. Wherevpon vittels and corne became scant and hard to come + by."--_The Chronicles of Raphaell Holinshed_, fol., vol. iii. p. 378 + (black letter). + +[Phi]. + +_General Wolfe._--It may interest many of your readers to know that a +portrait of General Wolfe, by Ramsay, 1758, is to be sold by Messrs. +Christie and Manson, at their rooms, 8. King Street, St. James's Square, on +Saturday, February 12. + +The picture is marked No. 300 in the catalogue of the first two days' sale. +It formed part of the collection of a gentleman lately deceased, whom I had +the pleasure of knowing. + +C. FORBES. + +Temple. + +{64} + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +POPE AND THE MARQUIS MAFFEI. + +I would beg the insertion of the following Note, which occurs at p. 338. of +Walker's _Historical Memoir on Italian Tragedy_; with a view to +ascertaining whether any light has been thrown on the subject since the +publication of the work in question. I fear there is little chance of such +being the case, but still I would be glad to learn from any of your +correspondents, whether there is other evidence than the passage given from +the Marquis's letter to Voltaire, to prove that Pope was actually engaged +in the translation of his tragedy; or whether there is any allusion in the +cotemporary literature of the day, to such a work having been undertaken by +the bard of Twickenham. + + "It seems to have escaped the notice of all Pope's biographers, that + when the Marquis Maffei visited Twickenham, in company with Lord + Burlington and Dr. Mead, he found the English bard employed on a + translation of his _Merope_: yet the public have been in possession of + this anecdote about fifty years. The Marquis, in his answer to the + celebrated letter addressed to him by Voltaire, says: 'Avendomi Mylord + Conte di Burlington, e il Sig. Dottore Mead, l'uno e l'altro talenti + rari, ed a quali quant' io debba non posso dire, condotto alla villa + del Sig. Pope, ch' e il Voltaire dell Inghilterra, come voi siete il + Pope della Francia, quel bravo Poeta mi fece vedere, che lavorava alla + versione della mia Tragedia in versi Inglesi: se la terminasse, e che + ne sia divenuto, non so.'--_La Merope_, ver. 1745, p. 180. With the + fate of this version we are, and probably shall ever remain, + unacquainted: it may, however, be safely presumed, that it was never + finished to the satisfaction of the translator, and therefore committed + to the flames." + +T. C. S. + + * * * * * + +THE CHURCH CATECHISM. + +Allow me to make the following inquiries through the pages of "N. & Q.," +which may possibly elicit valuable information from some of your many +correspondents. In the Archbishop of York's questions put to candidates for +Holy Orders, Feb. 1850, occurred this Query: "The Church Catechism ... by +whom was the latter part added and put into its present form; and whence is +it chiefly derived?" The former part of this is readily answered; being, as +any one at all read in the history of the Prayer-Book well knows, added at +the Hampton Court Conference, 1603; and was drawn up by Bishop Overall, at +that time Dean of St. Paul's: but _whence is it chiefly derived?_ That is +the question for which I have hitherto sought in vain a satisfactory +solution, and fear his grace, or his examining chaplain, must have looked +in vain for a correct reply from any of his _quasi_ clergymen, college +education though they may have had. It is a point which seems to be passed +over entirely unnoticed by all of our liturgical writers and church +historians, as I have been at no little pains in searching works at all +likely to clear it up, but, hitherto, without success. It may be +conjectured that the part referred to, viz., on the Sacraments, was taken +from Dean Nowell's Catechism; or, at all events, that Overall borrowed some +of the expressions while he changed its meaning, as Nowell's was purely +Calvinistic in tendency. He may have had before him the fourth part of +Peter Lombard's _Liber Sententiarum_, or some such work. But all this is +mere supposition; and what I want to arrive at, is some correct data or +authoritative statement which would settle the point. Another interesting +matter upon which I am desirous of information, is, as to the protestation +after the rubrics at the end of the Communion Service. In our _present_ +Prayer-Book it is in marks of quotation, which we do not find in the second +book of King Edward VI., where it originally appears--and the expressions +there admit the real presence. It was altogether left out in Elizabeth's +Prayer-Book, but again inserted in the last review in 1661, when the +inverted commas first appear: the sense being somewhat different, allowing +the spiritual but not the actual or bodily presence of Christ. Why are the +_commas_ or marks of quotation, if such they be, then inserted? I have +written to a well-known Archdeacon, eminent for his works on the +Sacraments, but his answer does not convey what is sought by + +C. J. ARMISTEAD. + +Springfield Mount, Leeds. + + * * * * * + +A COUNTESS OF SOUTHAMPTON. + +I have just been reading, in the _Revue des deux Mondes_, an interesting +article upon the recently-published _Memoirs of Mademoiselle de +Koenigsmark_, in which I meet with the following passage: + + "Ce fut a Venise que Charles-Jean de Koenigsmark rencontra la belle + Comtesse de Southampton, cette vaillante amoureuse qui, plantant la + fortune et famille, le suivit desormais par le monde deguisee en page: + romanesque anecdote que la princesse Palatine a consignee dans ses + memoires avec cette brusque rondeur de style qui ne marchande pas les + expressions. 'Il doit etre assez dans le caractere de quelques dames + anglaises de suivre leurs amans. J'ai connu un Comte de Koenigsmark + qu'une dame anglaise avait suivi en habit de page. Elle etait avec lui + a Chambord, et comme, faute de place, il ne pouvait loger au Chateau, + il avait fait dresser dans la foret une tente ou il logeat. Il me + raconta son aventure a la Masse; j'eu la curiosite de voir le + soi-disant page. Je n'ai jamais rien vu de plus beau que cette figure: + les plus beaux yeux du monde, une bouche charmante, une prodigieuse + quantite de cheveux du plus beau brun, qui tomberent en grosses boucles + sur ses epaules. Elle sourit en me voyant, se doutant bien que je + savais son secret. {65} Lorsqu'il partit de Chambord pour l'Italie, le + Comte Koenigsmark se trouva dans une auberge, et en sortit le matin + pour faire un tour de promenade. L'hotesse de cette maison courut apres + lui et lui cria: 'Montez vite la-haut, Monsieur, votre page accouche!' + Le page accoucha en effet d'une fille: on mit la mere et l'enfant dans + un couvent a Paris." + +He afterwards went to England, where-- + + "Les freres, cousins, et petits cousins de lady Southampton + l'attendaient, et les duels se mirent a lui pleuvoir dessus. Comme son + epee aimait assez a luire au soleil, il la tira volontiers, et avec une + chance telle que ses ennemis, ne pouvant le vaincre par le fer, + jugerent a propos d'essayer du poison. Degoute de perdre son temps a de + pareilles miseres, &c. &c. Tant que le comte a vecu il en a eu grand + soin; mais il mourut en Moree, et le page fidele ne lui survecut pas + long-temps. Elle est morte comme une sainte." + +Can you, or any of your correspondents, say _who_ this interesting +_Countess of Southampton_ was? She lived at the end of the seventeenth +century. In addition to these particulars, which are so nicely told that I +would not venture to alter them, as Orsino asks Viola, "What was her +history?" + +W. R. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Hardening Steel Bars._--Can any of your readers inform me how thin, flat, +steel bars (say three feet long) can be prevented from "running" crooked +when hardened in water? + +J. H. A. + +_Pierrepont._--Who was John Pierrepont of Wadworth, near Doncaster, who +died July, 1653, aged 75. + +A. F. B. + +Diss. + +_Ceylon._--I should be much obliged to SIR JAMES TENNENT, if he would +kindly inform me where the best map of Ceylon is to be got? such as are to +be found in the atlases within my reach are only good enough to try a man's +temper, and no more. + +May I also take the liberty of asking how soon we may expect the appearance +of SIR JAMES TENNENT'S book on the history, &c. of Ceylon? a work which +will be a great work indeed, if we have at all a fair specimen of its +author's learning and powers in the _Christianity in Ceylon_. + +AJAX. + +_Flemish and Dutch Schools of Painting._--Would any of your correspondents +direct me to some work giving me some information about the painters of the +Dutch and Flemish schools, their biographers, their peculiarities, +chefs-d'oeuvre, &c.? + +AJAX. + +"_To talk like a Dutch Uncle._"--In some parts of America, when a person +has determined to give another a regular lecture, he will often be heard to +say, "I will talk to him like a Dutch uncle;" that is, he shall not escape +this time. + +As the emigrants to America from different countries have brought their +national sayings with them, and as the one I am now writing about was +doubtless introduced by the Knickerbockers, may I ask if a similar +expression is now known or used in Holland? + +W. W. + +Malta. + +_Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Belgium_.--I want some work on this subject: +can any one tell me of one? + +N.B.--A big book does not frighten me. + +AJAX. + +_Charter of Waterford._--I have a copy of the English translation of this +charter, published in Kilkenny, with the following note, written in an old +hand, on the title-page: + + "This was first translated by William Cunningham Cunningham (_sic_), a + native of Carrick-on-Suir, born on Ballyrichard Road: his father and + brother were blacksmiths; his grand-nephew Cunningham lives now a + cowper (_sic_) in New Street in do. town." + +I wish to know if this note is worth anything, and if the statement +contained in it is true? + +R. H. + +_Inscription on Penny of George III._--On an old penny of George III., on +the reverse, I find the following inscription: + + "STABIT QVOCVNQVE IECERIS." + +What does this precisely mean; or why and when was it adopted? + +J. M. A. + +_"Shob," or "Shub," a Kentish Word._--Your correspondent on the Kentish +word _sheets_ (Vol. vi., p. 338.) may possibly be able to give some account +of another Kentish word, which I have met with in the country about +Horton-Kirby, Dartford, Crayford, &c., and the which I cannot find in +Halliwell, or any other dictionary in my possession,--viz. to _shob_ or +_shub_. It is applied to the trimming up elm-trees in the hedge-rows, by +cutting away all the branches except at the head: "to shob the trees" is +the expression. Now, in German we have _schaben_, v. r. to shave; but in +the Anglo-Saxon I find nothing nearer than _scaf_, part. _scof_, to shave. + +A. C. M. + +Exeter. + +_Bishop Pursglove (Suffragan) of Hull._--This prelate is buried in +Tideswell Church, Devonshire, and a copy of his monumental brass is given +in _Illustrations of Monumental Brasses_, published in 1842 by the +Cambridge Camden Society. Perhaps some reader of "N. & Q." who has access +to that work will send the inscription for insertion in your columns. Any +information also as {66} to his consecration, character, and period of +decease, would be acceptable. What is the best work on English Suffragan +bishops? I believe Wharton's _Suffragans_ (which, however, I do not possess +to refer to) is far from being complete or correct. It would be interesting +to have a complete list of such bishops, with the names of their sees, and +dates of consecration and demise. I find no Suffragan bishop after Bishop +John Sterne, consecrated for Colchester 12th November, 1592, and this from +the valuable list in Percival's _Apol. for Ap. Suc._ + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_Stewarts of Holland._--In the year 1739 there lived in Holland a +Lieutenant Dougal Stewart, of the Dutch service, who was married to Susan, +daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Fairfowl, of Bracindam. He was descended +from the ancient Scottish family of Stewarts of Appin, in Argyleshire; and +this Query is to inquire whether anything is known regarding him or his +descendants, if he had such? This might find a reply in _De Navorscher_ +perhaps. + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_Robert Wauchope, Archbishop of Armagh, 1543._--Is there any detailed +account of this prelate extant? The few particulars I have been able to +glean respecting him are merely that he was a native of Scotland, and +Doctor in Divinity of the University of Paris, where he probably studied +theology, as was common with Scottish ecclesiastics of that day. He arrived +in Ireland about the year 1541, and is memorable for the glory, or shame, +of being the first who introduced the Jesuit order into that country. Pope +Paul III. nominated him to the primatial see of Armagh, after the death of +Archbishop Cromer in 1543, and during the lifetime of Archbishop Dowdal, +who was a Catholic also, but being appointed Archbishop of Armagh in +November 1543, by King Henry VIII., was not acknowledged at Rome as such. +_Waucup_, as his name is also spelt, and Latinized "Venantius," never +appears, however, to have been able to obtain regular possession of the see +of Armagh and primacy of Ireland, being merely titular archbishop. Some +accounts state that he was blind from his childhood, but others say, and +probably more correctly, that he was only short-sighted. He was present at +the Council of Trent in 1545-47, being one of the four Irish prelates who +attended there; and, in _Hist. del Concil. Trid._, l. ii. p. 144., he is +alluded to as having been esteemed the _best at riding post in the +world!_--"Huomo di brevissima vista era commendato di questa, di correr +alla posta meglio d'huomo del mondo." I should like much to ascertain the +date and place of his birth, consecration, and death. + +A. S. A. + +_Plum-pudding._--Can any of your readers inform me of the origin of the +following custom, and whether the ceremony is still continued? I can find +no mention of it in any topographical dictionary or history of Devon, but +it was copied from an old newspaper, bearing date June 7, 1809: + + "At Paignton Fair, near Exeter, the ancient custom of drawing through + the town a plum-pudding of an immense size, and afterwards distributing + it to the populace, _was revived_ on Tuesday last. The ingredients + which composed this enormous pudding were as follows: 400 lbs. of + flour, 170 lbs. of beef suet, 140 lbs. of raisins, and 240 eggs. It was + kept constantly boiling in a brewer's copper from Saturday morning to + the Tuesday following, when it was placed on a car decorated with + ribbons, evergreens, &c., and drawn along the street by eight oxen." + +EVERARD HORNE COLEMAN. + +"_Whene'er I asked._"--I shall be very glad to know the author and the +exact whereabouts of the following lines, which I find quoted in a MS. +letter written from London to America, and dated 22nd October, 1767: + + "Whene'er I ask'd for blessings on your head, + Nothing was cold or formal that I said; + My warmest vows to Heaven were made for thee, + And love still mingled with my piety." + +W. B. R. + +Philadelphia, U. S. + +_Immoral Works._--What ought to be done with works of this class? It is +easy to answer, "destroy them:" but you and I know, and Mr. Macaulay has +acknowledged, that it is often necessary to rake into the filthiest +channels for historical and biographical evidence. I, personally, doubt +whether we are justified in destroying _any_ evidence, however loathsome +and offensive it may be. What, then, are we to do with it? It is impossible +to keep such works in a private library, even under lock and key, for death +opens locks more certainly than Mr. Hobbs himself. I think such ought to be +preserved in the British Museum, entered in its catalogue, but only +permitted to be seen on good reasons formally assigned in writing, and not +then allowed to pass into the reading-room. What is the rule at the Museum? + +I ask these questions because I have, by accident, become possessed of a +poem (about 1500 lines) which professes to be written by Lord Byron, is +addressed to Thomas Moore, and was printed abroad many years since. It +begins,-- + + "Thou ermin'd judge, pull off that sable cap." + +More specific reference will not be necessary for those who have seen the +work. Is the writer known? I am somewhat surprised that not one of Byron's +friends has, so far as I know, hinted a denial of the authorship; for, +scarce as {67} the work may be, I suppose some of them must have seen it; +and, under existing circumstances, it is possible that a copy might get +into the hands of a desperate creature who would hope to make a profit, by +republishing it with Byron's and Moore's names in the title-page. + +I. W. + +_Arms at Bristol._--In a window now repairing in Bristol Cathedral is this +coat:--Arg. on a chevron or (_false heraldry_), three stags' heads +caboshed. Whose coat is this? It is engraved in Lysons' _Gloucestershire +Antiquities_ without name. + +E. D. + +_Passage in Thomson._--In Thomson's "Hymn to the Seasons," line 28, occurs +the following passage: + + "But wandering oft, with brute, unconscious gaze, + Man marks not Thee; marks not the mighty hand + That, ever busy, wheels the silent spheres; + Works in the secret deep; shoots, _steaming_, thence + The fair profusion that o'erspreads the spring," &c. + +Can any of your readers oblige by saying whether the word _steaming_, in +the fourth line of the quotation, is the correct reading? If so, in what +sense it can be understood? if not, whether _teeming_ is not probably the +correct word? + +W. M. P. + +"_For God will be your King to-day._"-- + + "For God will be your King to-day, + And I'll be general under." + +My grandmother, who was a native of Somersetshire, and born in 1750, used +to recite a ballad to my mother, when a child, of which the above lines are +the only ones remembered. + +Do they refer to the rising under the Duke of Monmouth? And where can the +whole of the ballad be found? + +M. A. S. + +35. Dover Road. + +"_See where the startled wild fowl._"--Where are the following lines to be +found? I copy them from the print of Landseer's, called "The Sanctuary." + + "See where the startled wild fowl screaming rise, + And seek in martial flight those golden skies. + Yon wearied swimmer scarce can win the land, + His limbs yet falter on the wat'ry strand. + Poor hunted hart! the painful struggle o'er, + How blest the shelter of that island shore! + There, while he sobs his panting heart to rest, + Nor hound nor hunter shall his lair molest." + +G. B. W. + +_Ascension-day._--Was "Ascension-day" ever kept a close holiday the same as +Good Friday and Christmas-day? And, if so, when was such custom disused? + +H. A. HAMMOND. + +_The Grogog of a Castle._--It appears by a record of the Irish Exchequer of +3 Edw. II., that one Walter Haket, constable of Maginnegan's Castle in the +co. of Dublin, confined one of the King's officers in the _Grogog_ thereof. +Will you permit me to inquire, whether this term has been applied to the +prison of castles in England? + +J. F. F. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +CANONGATE MARRIAGES. + +(Vol. v., p. 320.) + +I had hoped that the inquiry of R. S. F. would have drawn out some of your +Edinburgh correspondents; but, as they are silent upon a subject they might +have invested with interest, allow me to say a word upon these Canongate +marriages. I need not, I think, tell R. S. F. how loosely our countrymen, +at the period alluded to, and long subsequent thereto, looked upon the +marriage tie; as almost every one who has had occasion to touch upon our +_domestic_ manners and customs has pointed at, what appeared to them, and +what really was, an anomaly in the character of a nation somewhat boastful +of their better order and greater sense of propriety and decorum. + +Besides the incidental notices of travellers, the legal records of Scotland +are rife with examples of litigation arising out of these irregular +marriages; and upon a review of the whole history of such in the north, it +cannot be denied that, among our staid forefathers, "matrimony was more a +matter of merriment"[2] than a solemn and religious engagement. + +The Courts in Scotland usually _frowned_ upon cases submitted to them where +there was a strong presumption that either party had been victimised by the +other; but, unfortunately, the requirements were so simple, and the +facility of procuring witnesses so great, that many a poor frolicksome +fellow paid dearly for his joke by finding himself suddenly transformed, +from a bachelor, to a spick and span Benedict; and that too upon evidences +which would not in these days have sent a fortune-telling impostor to the +tread-mill: the lords of the justiciary being content that some one had +heard him use the endearing term of wife to the pursuer, or had witnessed a +mock form at an obscure public-house, or that the parties were by habit and +repute man and wife. How truly then may it have been said, that a man in +the Northern Capital, so open to imposition, scarcely knew whether he was +married or not. + +In cases where the ceremony was performed, it {68} did not follow that the +priest of Hymen should be of the clerical profession: + + "To tie the knot," says John Hope, "there needed none; + He'd find a clown, in brown, or gray, + Booted and spurr'd, should preach and pray; + And, without stir, grimace, or docket, + Lug out a pray'r-book from his pocket; + And tho' he blest in wond'rous haste, + Should tie them most securely fast." + _Thoughts_, 1780. + +In Chambers's _Traditions of Edinburgh_, there is a slight allusion to +these Canongate marriages: + + "The White Horse Inn," says he, "in a close in the Canongate, is an + exceedingly interesting old house of entertainment. It was also + remarkable for the runaway couples from England, who were married in + its large room." + +The White Hart, in the Grass-market, appears to have been another of these +Gretna Green houses. + +A curious fellow, well known in Edinburgh at the period referred to, was +the high priest of the Canongate hymeneal altar. I need hardly say this was +the famous "Claudero, the son of Nimrod the Mighty Hunter," as he +grandiloquently styled himself: otherwise James Wilson, a disgraced +schoolmaster, and poet-laureate to the Edinburgh _canaille_. In the large +rooms of the above inns, this comical fellow usually presided, and +administered relief to gallant swains and love-sick damsels, and a most +lucrative trade he is said to have made of it:-- + + "Claudero's skull is ever dull, + Without the sterling shilling:" + +in allusion to their being called half-merk or shilling marriages. + +Chambers gives an illustrative anecdote of our subjects' matrimonial +practices in that of a soldier and a countryman seeking from Wilson a cast +of his office: from the first Claudero took his shilling, but demanded from +the last a fee of five, observing-- + + "I'll hae this sodger ance a week a' the times he's in Edinburgh, and + you (the countryman) I winna see again." + +The Scottish poetical antiquary is familiar with this eccentric character; +but it may not be uninteresting to your general readers to add, that when +public excitement in Edinburgh ran high against the Kirk, the lawyers, +meal-mongers, or other _rogues_ in _grain_, Claudero was the vehicle +through which the democratic voice found vent in squibs and broadsides +fired at the offending party or obnoxious measure from his lair in the +Canongate. + +In his _Miscellanies_, Edin. 1766, now before me, Claudero's cotemporary, +Geordie Boick, in a poetical welcome to London, thus compliments Wilson, +and bewails the condition of the modern Athens under its bereavement of the +poet: + + "The ballad-singers and the printers, + Must surely now have starving winters; + Their press they may break a' in splinters, + I'm told they swear, + Claudero's Muse, alas! we've tint her + For ever mair." + +For want of Claudero's _lash_, his eulogist goes on to say: + + "Now Vice may rear her hydra head, + And strike defenceless Virtue dead; + Religion's heart may melt and bleed, + With grief and sorrow, + Since Satire from your streets is fled, + Poor Edenburrow!" + +Claudero was, notwithstanding, a sorry poet, a lax moralist, and a sordid +parson; but peace to the manes of the man, or his successor in the latter +office, who gave me in that same long room of the White Horse in the +Canongate of Edinburgh the best parents son was ever blest with! + +J. O. + +[Footnote 2: _Letters from Edinburgh_, London, 1776. See also, _Letters +from a Gentleman in Scotland to his Friend in England_ (commonly called +_Burt's Letters_): London, 1754.] + + * * * * * + +LADY KATHERINE GREY. + +(Vol. vi., p. 578.) + +There appears to be some doubt if the alleged marriage ever did take place, +for I find, in Baker's _Chronicles_, p. 334., that in 1563 "divers great +persons were questioned and condemned, but had their lives spared," and +among them-- + + "Lady Katherine Grey, daughter to Henry Grey Duke of Suffolk, by the + eldest daughter of Charles Brandon, having formerly been married to the + Earl of Pembroke's eldest son, and from him soon after lawfully + divorced, was some years after found to be with child by Edward Seymour + Earl of Hartford, who, being at that time in France, was presently sent + for: and being examined before the Archbishop of Canterbury, and + affirming they were lawfully married, but not being able within a + limited time to produce witnesses of their marriage, they were both + committed to the Tower." + +After some further particulars of the birth of a second child in the Tower, +the discharge of the Lieutenant, Sir Edward Warner, and the fining of the +Earl by the Star Chamber, to the extent of 5000l., the narrative proceeds: + + "Though in pleading of his case, one John Hales argued they were lawful + man and wife _by virtue of their own bare consent, without any + ecclesiastical ceremony_." + +Collins, in his _Peerage_ (1735), states: + + "The validity of this marriage being afterwards tried at Common Law, + the minister who married them being present, and other circumstances + agreeing, the jury (whereof John Digby, Esq., was foreman) found it a + good marriage." + +{69} + +Sharpe, in his _Peerage_ (1833), under the title "Stamford," says: + + "'The manner of her departing' _in the Tower_, which Mr. Ellis has + printed from a MS. so entitled in the Harleian Collection, although + less terrible, is scarcely less affecting than that of her heroic + sister," &c. + +Perhaps your correspondent A. S. A. may be enabled to consult this work, +and so ascertain further particulars. + +BROCTUNA. + +Bury, Lancashire. + + * * * * * + +HOWLETT THE ENGRAVER. + +(Vol. i., p. 321.) + +In your first Volume, an inquiry is made for information respecting the +above person. As I find on referring to the subsequent volumes of "N. & Q." +that the Query never received any reply, I beg to forward a cutting from +the Obituary of the _New Monthly Magazine_ for June, 1828, referring to +Howlett; concerning whom, however, I cannot give any further information. + + "MR. BARTHOLOMEW HOWLETT. + + "Lately in Newington, Surrey, aged sixty, Mr. Bartholomew Howlett, + antiquarian, draughtsman, and engraver. This artist was a pupil of Mr. + Heath, and for many years devoted his talents to the embellishment of + works on topography and antiquities. His principal publication, and + which will carry his name down to posterity with respect as an artist, + was _A Selection of Views in the County of Lincoln; comprising the + Principal Towns and Churches, the Remains of Castles and Religious + Houses, and Seats of the Nobility and Gentry; with Topographical and + Historical Accounts of each View_. This handsome work was completed in + 4to. in 1805. The drawings are chiefly by T. Girtin, Nattes, Nash, + Corbould, &c., and the engravings are highly creditable to the burin of + Mr. Howlett. Mr. Howlett was much employed by the late Mr. Wilkinson on + his _Londina Illustrata_; by Mr. Stevenson in his second edition of + Bentham's _Ely_; by Mr. Frost, in his recent _Notices of Hull_; and in + numerous other topographical works. He executed six plans and views for + Major Anderson's _Account of the Abbey of St. Denis_; and occasionally + contributed to the _Gentleman's Magazine_, and engraved several plates + for it. In 1817, Mr. Howlett issued proposals for _A Topographical + Account of Clapham, in the County of Surrey, illustrated by + Engravings_. These were to have been executed from drawings by himself, + of which he made several, and also formed considerable collections; but + we believe he only published one number, consisting of three plates and + no letter-press. We hope the manuscripts he has left may form a + groundwork for a future topographer. They form part of the large + collections for Surrey, in the hands of Mr. Tytam. In 1826, whilst the + Royal Hospital and Collegiate Church of St. Katharine, near the Tower, + was pulling down, he made a series of drawings on the spot, which it + was his intention to have engraved and published. But the greatest + effort of his pencil was in the service of his kind patron and friend, + John Caley, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A., keeper of the records in the + Augmentation Office. For this gentleman Mr. Howlett made finished + drawings from upwards of a thousand original seals of the monastic and + religious houses of this kingdom." + +B. HUDSON. + +Congleton, Cheshire. + + * * * * * + +CHAUCER. + +(Vol. vi., p. 603.) + +In reference to the question raised by J. N. B., what authority there is +for asserting that Chaucer pursued the study of the law at the Temple, I +send you the following extract from a sketch of his life by one of his +latest biographers, Sir Harris Nicolas: + + "It has been said that Chaucer was originally intended for the law, and + that, from some cause which has not reached us, and on which it would + be idle to speculate, the design was abandoned. The acquaintance he + possessed with the classics, with divinity, with astronomy, with so + much as was then known of chemistry, and indeed with every other branch + of the scholastic learning of the age, proves that his education had + been particularly attended to; and his attainments render it impossible + to believe that he quitted college at the early period at which persons + destined for a military life usually began their career. It was not + then the custom for men to pursue learning for its own sake; and the + most rational manner of accounting for the extent of Chaucer's + acquirements, is to suppose that he was educated for a learned + profession. The knowledge he displays of divinity would make it more + likely that he was intended for the church than for the bar, were it + not that the writings of the Fathers were generally read by all classes + of students. One writer says that Chaucer was a member of the Inner + Temple, and that while there he was fined two shillings for beating a + Franciscan friar in Fleet Street[3]; and another (Leland) observes, + that after he had travelled in France, 'collegia leguleiorum + frequentavit.' Nothing, however, is positively known of Chaucer until + the autumn of 1359, when he himself says he was in the army with which + Edward III. invaded France, and that he served for the first time on + that occasion." + +The following remarks are from the _Life of Chaucer_, by William Godwin, +Lond. 1803, vol. i. p. 357.: + + "The authority which of late has been principally relied upon with + respect to Chaucer's legal education is that of Mr. Speght, who, in his + _Life of Chaucer_, says, 'Not many yeeres since, Master Buckley did see + a record in the same house [the Inner Temple], where Geoffrey Chaucer + was fined two shillings for beating a Franciscane fryar in + Fleet-streete.' This certainly {70} would be excellent evidence, were + it not for the dark and ambiguous manner in which it is produced. I + should have been glad that Mr. Speght had himself seen the record, + instead of Master Buckley, of whom I suppose no one knows who he is: + why did he not? I should have been better satisfied if the authority + had not been introduced with so hesitating and questionable a phrase as + 'not many yeeres since;' and I also think that it would have been + better if Master Buckley had given us the date annexed to the record; + as we should then at least have had the satisfaction of knowing whether + it did not belong to some period before our author was born, or after + he had been committed to the grave. Much stress, therefore, cannot be + laid upon the supposition of Chaucer having belonged to the Society of + the Inner Temple." + +TYRO. + +Dublin. + +[Footnote 3: "Speght, who states that a Mr. Buckley had seen a record of +the Inner Temple to that effect."--_Note by Sir H. N._] + + * * * * * + +PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES. + +_Pyrogallic Acid_ (Vol. vi., p. 612.).--In answer to the Query of your +correspondent E. S., I beg to give the following method of preparing +pyrogallic acid (first published by Dr. Stenhouse), which I have tried and +found perfectly successful. + +Make a strong aqueous infusion of powdered galls; pour it off from the +undissolved residue, and carefully evaporate to dryness by a gentle heat: +towards the conclusion of the process the extract is very liable to burn; +this is best prevented by continued stirring with a glass or porcelain +spatula. Next, procure a flat-bottomed iron pan, about ten inches diameter +and five inches deep. Make a hat of cartridge paper pasted together, about +seven inches high, to slip over and accurately fit the top of the iron pan. +Strew the bottom of the pan with the gall extract to the depth of +three-quarters of an inch; over the top stretch and tie a piece of bibulous +paper pierced with numerous pin-holes; over this place the hat, and tie it +also tightly round the top of the pan. + +The whole apparatus is now to be placed in a sand-bath, and heat cautiously +applied. It is convenient to place a glass thermometer in the sand-bath as +near the iron pan as possible. The heat is to be continued about an hour, +and to be kept as near 420deg Fah. as possible; on no account is it to +exceed 450deg. The vapour of the acid condenses in the hat, and the +crystals are prevented from falling back into the pan by the bibulous paper +diaphragm. When it is supposed that the whole of the acid is sublimed, the +strings are to be untied, and the hat and diaphragm cautiously taken off +together; the crystals will be found in considerable quantity, and should +be removed into a stoppered bottle; they should be very brilliant and +perfectly white; if there is any yellow tinge, the heat has been too great. + +I believe that close attention to the above details will ensure success to +any one who chooses to try the process, but at the same time I must remind +your correspondents that scarcely any operation in chemistry is perfectly +successful the first time of trial. + +J. G. H. + +Clapham. + +_Stereoscopic Pictures with One Camera_ (Vol. vi., p. 587.).--In reply to +the inquiry of RAMUS, allow me to say the matter is not difficult. My plan +is as follows:--Suppose a piece of still-life to be the subject. Set up the +camera at such a distance as will give a picture of the size intended, +suppose it sixteen feet from the principal and central object; by means of +a measuring tape or a piece of string, measure the exact distance from the +principal object to the front of the camera. Take and complete the first +picture; if it prove successful, remove the camera about two feet either to +the right or left of its first station (_i.e._ according to the judgment +formed as to which will afford the most artistic view of the subject), +taking care by help of the tape or string to preserve the same distance +between the principal object and the camera, and that the adjustment of +focus is not disturbed. In other words, the camera must be moved to another +part of the arc of a circle, of which the principal object is the centre, +and the measured distance the radius. If the arc through which the camera +is moved to its second station be too large, the stereoscopic picture will +be unnaturally and unpleasingly distorted. The second picture is now to be +taken. + +If the subject be a sitter, it is of the utmost importance to proceed as +quickly as possible, as the identical position must be retained movelessly +till both pictures are completed. This (in my experience) is scarcely +practicable with collodion pictures, unless by the aid of an assistant and +two levelled developing-stands in the dark closet; for the time occupied by +starting the first picture on its development, and preparing the second +glass plate (scarcely less than three or four minutes), will be a heavy tax +on the quiescent powers of the sitter. This difficulty is avoided by +adopting the Daguerreotype process, as the plates can be prepared +beforehand, and need not be developed before both pictures are taken. In +this case the only delay between the pictures is in the shifting the +position of the camera. This is readily done by providing a table of +suitable height (instead of the ordinary tripod), on which an arc of a +circle is painted, having for its centre the place of the sitter. If the +sitter be at the distance of eleven or twelve feet (my usual distance with +a 3-1/4 inch Voightlander), the camera need not be moved more than ten or +twelve inches; and even this distance produces some visible distortion to +an accurate observer. + +The second levelling stand is required when using the collodion process, +because the second {71} picture will be ready for development before the +developing and fixing of the first has set its stand at liberty. + +COKELY. + +_Mr. Crookes' Wax-paper Process_ (Vol. vi., p. 613.).--R. E. wishes to know +the exact meaning of the sentence, "With the addition of as _much free +iodine_ as will give it a sherry colour." After adding the iodide of +potassium to the water, a small quantity of iodine (this can be proctored +at any operative chemist's) is to be dissolved in the mixture until it be +of the proper colour. + +The paper is decidedly more sensitive if exposed wet, but it should not be +washed; and I think it is advisable to have a double quantity of nitrate of +silver in the exciting bath. I have not yet tried any other salt than +iodide of potassium for the first bath; but I hope before the summer to lay +before your readers a simpler, and I think superior wax-paper process, upon +which I am at present experimenting. + +WILLIAM CROOKES. + +Hammersmith. + +P.S.--I see that in the tables R. E. has given, he has nearly doubled the +strength of my iodine bath. It should be twenty-four grains to the ounce, +instead of forty-four; and he has entirely left out the iodine. + +_India Rubber a Substitute for Yellow Glass._--I think that I have made a +discovery which may be useful to photographers. It is known that some kinds +of yellow glass effectually obstruct the passage of the chemical rays, and +that other kinds do not, according to the manner in which the glass is +prepared. + +I have never heard or read of India rubber being used for this purpose; but +I believe it will be found perfectly efficient, and will therefore state +how I arrived at this conclusion. + +Having occasion to remove a slate from the side of my roof, to make an +opening for my camera, I thought of a sheet of India rubber to supply the +place of the slate, and thus obtain a flexible waterproof covering to +exclude the wet, and to open and shut at pleasure. This succeeded +admirably, but I found that I had also obtained a deep rich yellow window, +which perfectly lighted a large closet, previously quite dark, and in which +for the last ten days I have excited and developed the most sensitive +iodized collodion on glass. I therefore simply announce the fact, as it may +be of some importance, if verified by others and by further experiment. I +have not yet tested it with a lens and the solution of sulphite of quinine, +as I wished the sun to shine on the sheet of India rubber at the time, +which would decide the question. However, sheet India rubber can be +obtained of any size and thickness required: mine is about one-sixteenth of +an inch thick, and one foot square; and the advantages over glass would be +great in some cases, especially for a dark tent in the open air, as any +amount of light might be obtained by stitching a sheet of India rubber into +the side, which would fold up without injury. It is possible that gutta +percha windows would answer the same purpose. + +H. Y. W. N. + +Brompton. + +_Dr. Diamond's Paper Processes._--We have been requested to call attention +to, and to correct several errors of the press overlooked by us in DR. +DIAMOND'S article, in the hurry of preparing our enlarged Number (No. +166.). The most important is in the account of the _exciting_ fluid,--the +omission, at p. 21. col. 1. l. 47. (after directions to take one drachm of +aceto-nitrate of silver), of the words "_one drachm of saturated solution +of gallic acid_." The passage should run thus: "Of this solution take one +drachm, and one drachm of saturated solution of gallic acid, and add to it +two ounces and a half of distilled water." + +In the same page, col. 2. l. 13., "solvent" should be "saturated;" and in +the same article, _passim_, "hyposulphate" should be "hyposulphite," and +"solari_s_e" should be "solari_z_e." + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Ancient Timber Town-halls._--Since my account of ancient town-halls (Vol. +v., p. 470.) was written, one of these fabrics of the olden time noticed +therein has ceased to exist, that of Kington, co. Hereford, it having been +taken down early in November last, but for what reason I have not learned. +Another, formerly standing in the small town of Church Stretton, in the co. +of Salop, which was erected upon wooden pillars, and constructed entirely +of timber, must have been a truly picturesque building, was taken down in +September, 1840. A woodcut of the latter is now before me. Of the old +market-house at Leominster I possess a very beautiful original drawing, +done by Mr. Carter upwards of half a century ago. + +J. B. WHITBORNE. + +_Magnetic Intensity_ (Vol. vi., p. 578.).--The magnetic intensity is +greatest at the poles; the ratio may roughly be said to be 1.3, but more +accurately 1 to 2.906. This is found by observation of the oscillations of +a vertical or horizontal needle. A needle which made 245 oscillations in +ten minutes at Paris, made only 211 at 7deg 1' south lat. in Peru. The +intensity and variations to which it is subject is strictly noted at all +the magnetic observatories, and I believe the disturbances of intensity +which sometimes occur have been found to be simultaneous by a comparison of +observations at different latitudes. + +For the fullest information on magnetic intensity, ADSUM is referred to +Sabine's _Report on_ {72} _Magnetic Intensity_, also Sabine's +_Contributions to Terrestrial Magnetism_, 1843, No. V. + +T. B. + +_Monument at Wadstena_ (Vol. vi., pp. 388. 518.).--I have received the +following (which I translate) from my friend in Denmark, whom I mentioned +in my last communication on this monument: + + "It is only about a month since I saw Queen Philippa's tombstone in the + church of Vadstena Monastery. It is a very large stone, on which the + device and inscription are cut in outline, but there is no _brass_ + about it. King Erik Menved's and Queen Ingeberg's monument in Ringsted + Church is the finest brass I ever saw, and I have seen many." + +There is a good engraving of the brass alluded to, which is a very rich +one, in _Antiquariske Annaler_, vol. iii.: Copenhagen, 1820. The +inscriptions are curious, and the date 1319. + +W. C. TREVELYAN. + +Wallington. + +_David Routh, R. C. Bishop of Ossory_ (Vol. iii., p. 169.).--In the article +on a Cardinal's Monument, by MR. J. GRAVES, of Kilkenny, allusion is made +to the monument of the above Catholic Bishop Routh or Rothe, as being in +the Cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny, with his arms "surmounted by a +_cardinal's hat_," and that he died some years after 1643. If MR. GRAVES +would give the date of this prelate's decease, or rather a copy of the full +inscription on his monument, with a notice of the sculptured armorial +bearings thereupon, he would be conferring a favour on a distant inquirer; +and as MR. GRAVES is, apparently, a resident at Kilkenny, no obstacle +exists to prevent his complying with this request. + +Any notices procurable regarding Bishop Routh are well deserving of +insertion in "N. & Q.," for he was a man of deep learning and research, and +is well known to have assisted the celebrated Archbishop Ussher of Armagh +in the compilation of his _Primordia_, for which he had high compliments +paid him by that eminent prelate, notwithstanding their being of different +religions. + +Bishop Routh was also himself the author of a work on _Irish Ecclesiastical +History_, now very rare, and seldom procurable complete. He published it +anonymously, in two volumes 8vo., in the year 1617, at "Coloniae, apud +Steph. Rolinum," with the following rather long title: + + "Analecta Sacra, Nova, et Mira, de Rebus Catholicorum in Hibernia: + Divisa in tres partes, quarum I, Continet semestrem gravaminam + relationem, secunda hac editione novis adauctam additamentis, et Notis + illustratam. II. Paraenesin ad Martyres designatos. III. Processum + Martyrialem quorundam Fidei Pugilium; Collectore et Relatore, T. N. + Philadelpho." + +I fear this has degenerated from a Note into a Query; however, I may state +in conclusion, that MR. GRAVES is in error in styling the hat on Bishop +Routh's monument a cardinal's, for all Catholic prelates, and abbots also, +have their armorial bearings surmounted by a hat, exactly similar to a +cardinal's hat, with this difference only, that the number of tassels +depending from it varies according to the rank of the prelate, from the +_cardinal's_ with fifteen tassels in five rows, down to that of a _prior_ +with three only on each side in two rows. + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_Cardinal Erskine_ (Vol. ii., p. 406.; Vol. iii., p. 13.).--Several notices +of this ecclesiastic have appeared in "N. & Q.," but as none of them give +the exact information required, I now do so, though perhaps tardily. He was +born 13th February, 1753, at Rome, where his father, Colin Erskine, a +Jacobite, and exiled scion of the noble Scottish house of Erskine, Earls of +Kellie, had taken up his residence. "Monsignor Charles Erskine," having +embraced the ecclesiastical life at an early age, and passed through +several gradations in the Church of Rome, was, in 1785, "Promotore della +Fede," an office of the Congregation of Rites; in 1794 auditor to Pope Pius +VI., and raised to the purple by Pope Pius VII., who created him a +_Cardinal_-Deacon of the Holy Roman Church, 25th February, 1801. Cardinal +Erskine accompanied the latter pontiff in his exile from Rome in the year +1809, and died at Paris, 19th March, 1811, in the fifty-eighth year of his +age, and eleventh of his cardinalate. + +A. S. A. + +Punjaub. + +_"Ne'er to these chambers," &c._ (Vol. vii., p. 14.).--In reply to ARAM'S +Query: "Where do these lines come from?" they come from Tickell's sublime +and pathetic "Elegy on the Death of Addison." ARAM ("Wits have short +memories," &c.) has _misquoted_ them. In a poem of so high a mood, to +_displace_ a word is to destroy a beauty. ARAM has _interpolated_ several +words. The following is the _true_ version: + + "Ne'er to these chambers, where the mighty rest, + Since their foundation, came a nobler guest, + Nor e'er was to the bowers of bliss convey'd + A fairer spirit, or more welcome shade." + +GEORGE DANIEL. + +Canonbury. + +These lines are taken from the "Elegy on the Death of Addison," written by +Tickell. They are, if I remember rightly, inscribed on the gravestone +recently placed over his remains by the Earl of Ellesmere, in the north +aisle of Henry VII.'s Chapel. The last two lines which your correspondent +quotes should be as follows: + + "Nor _e'er was to the bowers of bliss convey'd_ + A _fairer_ spirit, or more welcome shade." + +J. K. R. W. + +{73} + +_The Budget_ (Vol. vi., p. 604.).--It may be useful to inform +PRESTONIENSIS, that, in a recent work on political economy, M. Ch. Coquelin +says, that the word _budget_, in its present signification, has passed into +France from England: the latter country having first borrowed it from the +old French language--_bougette_ signifying (and particularly in old Norman) +a leather purse. It was the custom in England to put into a leather bag the +estimates of receipts and expenditure presented to parliament: and hence, +as Coquelin observes, the term passed from the containant to the contained, +and, with this new signification, returned from this country into France; +where it was first used in an official manner in the _arretes_ of the +Consul's 4th Themidor, year X, and 17th Germinal, year XI. + +F. H. + +"_Catching a Tartar_" (Vol. vi., p. 317.).--This common and expressive +saying is thus explained in Arvine's _Cyclopaedia_: + + "In some battle between the Russians and the Tartars, who are a wild + sort of people in the north of Asia, a private soldier called out, + 'Captain, halloo there! I've caught a Tartar!' 'Fetch him along then,' + said the Captain. 'Ay, but he won't let me,' said the man. And the fact + was the Tartar had caught him. So when a man thinks to take another in, + and gets himself bit, they say he's caught a Tartar." + +Grose says that this saying originated with an Irish soldier who was in the +"Imperial," that is, I suppose he means the Austrian service. This is +hardly probable; the Irish are made to father many sayings which do not +rightly belong to them, and this I think may be safely written as one among +the number. + +EIRIONNACH has now two references before him, Grose's _Glossary_ and +Arvine's _Cyclopaedia_, in which his Query is partly explained, if he can +but find the dates of their publication. In this search I regret I cannot +assist him, as neither of these works are to be found in the libraries of +this island; at least thus far I have not been able to meet with them. + +W. W. + +Malta. + +_The Termination "-itis"_ (Vol. vii., p. 13.).--ADSUM asks: "What is the +derivation of the term _-itis_, used principally in medical words, and +these signifying, inflammation?" If "N. & Q." were a medical journal, the +question might be answered at length, to the great advantage of the +profession; for, of late years, this termination has been tacked on by +medical writers, especially foreigners, to words of all kinds, in utter +defiance of the rules of language: as if a Greek affix were quite a natural +ending to a Latin or French noun. _-itis_ can with propriety be appended +only to those Greek nouns whose adjectives end in [Greek: -ites]: _e.g._ +[Greek: pleura, pleurites]; [Greek: keras, keratites], &c. [Greek: +Pleuritis] is used by Hippocrates. [Greek: Pleura] means the membrane +lining the side of the chest: [Greek: pleuritis] ([Greek: nodos] +understood) is morbus lateralis, the side-disease, or pleurisy. In the same +manner _keratitis_ is a very legitimate synonym for disease of the horny +coat (cornea) of the eye. But medical writers, disregarding the rules of +language, have, for some years past, revelled in the use of their favourite +_-itis_ to a most ludicrous extent. Thus, from _cornea_, they make +"corneitis," and describe an inflammation of the crystalline lens as +_lentitis_. Nay, some French and German writers on diseases of the eyes +have coined the monstrous word "Descemetitis," on the ground that one +Monsieur Descemet discovered a structure in the eye, which, out of +compliment to him, was called "the membrane of Descemet." + +JAYDEE. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +DEFENCE OF USURY, by BENTHAM. (A Tract.) + +TREATISE ON LAW, by MACKINLOCH. + +TWO DISCOURSES OF PURGATORY AND PRAYERS FOR THE DEAD, by WM. WAKE. 1687. + +WHAT THE CHARTISTS ARE. A Letter to English Working Men, by a +Fellow-Labourer. 12mo. London, 1848. + +LETTER OF CHURCH RATES, by RALPH BARNES. 8vo. London, 1837. + +COLMAN'S TRANSLATION OF HORACE DE ARTE POETICA. 4to. 1783. + +CASAUBON'S TREATISE ON GREEK AND ROMAN SATIRE. + +BOSCAWEN'S TREATISE ON SATIRE. London, 1797. + +JOHNSON'S LIVES (Walker's Classics). Vol. I. + +TITMARSH'S PARIS SKETCH-BOOK. Post 8vo. Vol. I. Macrone, 1840. + +ARCHBISHOP LEIGHTON'S WORKS. Vol. IV. 8vo Edition. 1819. + +FIELDING'S WORKS. Vol. XI. (being second of "Amelia.") 12mo. 1808. + +HOLCROFT'S LAVATER. Vol. I. 8vo. 1789. + +OTWAY. Vols. I. and II. 8vo. 1768. + +EDMONDSON'S HERALDRY. Vol. II. Folio, 1780. + +SERMONS AND TRACTS, by W. ADAMS, D.D. + +THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE for January 1851. + +BEN JONSON'S WORKS. (London, 1716. 6 Vols.) Vol. II. wanted. + +THE PURSUIT OF KNOWLEDGE. (Original Edition.) Vol. I. + +RAPIN'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 8vo. Vols. I., III. and V. of the CONTINUATION +by TINDAL. 1744. + +SHARPE'S PROSE WRITERS. Vol. IV. 21 Vols. 1819. Piccadilly. + +INCHBALD'S BRITISH THEATRE. Vol. XXIV. 25 Vols. Longman. + +MEYRICK'S ANCIENT ARMOUR, by SKELTON. Part XVI. + +*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send +their names._ + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet street. + + * * * * * + +Notices to Correspondents. + +_Owing to the necessity of infringing on the present Number for the +Title-page of our Sixth Volume, we are compelled to omit many interesting +communications, and also our usual_ NOTES ON BOOKS, _&c._ + +B. H. C._'s communication on the subject of "Proclamations" has been +forwarded to_ MR. BRUCE. {74} + +A. S. T. _The line is from Prior_: + + "Fine by degrees and beautifully less." + +T. M. G. (Worcester) _is thanked_. _As the entire document would not occupy +any great space, we shall be obliged by the opportunity of inserting it._ + +NOTES ON OLD LONDON _have only been thrust aside_. _They are intended for +early insertion._ + +M. B. C. _We fear this cannot be avoided. The only consolation is, the +additional interest with which the volumes will be regarded a century +hence._ + +N. C. L., _who writes respecting Shaw's_ Stafford MSS., _is requested to +say how a communication may be forwarded to him_. + +A READER, _who writes respecting the "Arnold Family," the same_. + +W. S.'s (Sheffield) _communications are at press, and shall have early +attention_. + +J. E. L. _is thanked_. _We can assure him that the present result of much +consideration and many communications, both by letter and personally, is to +impress us with the feeling that the majority approve. The book-men shall, +however, be no losers._ + +NEW ORDINARY OF ARMS. _The anonymous Correspondent on this subject will +obtain the information of which he is in search on reference to its Editor, +Mr. J. W. Papworth, 14 A. Great Marlborough Street, London._ + +ALDIBORONTOPHOSKOPHORNIO--WORLD WITHOUT A SUN. _The many Correspondents who +have replied to these Queries are thanked._ + +C. (Pontefract) _is requested to forward copies of the Queries in +question_. + +REV. E. B. (B***) _is requested to state the subject of his communication. +In his last very extraordinary letter he has omitted this important piece +of information._ + +C. E. F. _who complains of the disappearance of a portion of the collodion +film at the spot where the hyposulphite of soda is applied, is informed +that this is by no means an uncommon occurrence, and indicates the feeble +action of the light at the present time of year. By using the glass a +little larger than is required, as has been before recommended, and pouring +the hyposulphite of soda on the portion which is to be cut off, and +allowing it to flow over the picture, the defect will generally be avoided. +A much stronger solution of the hyposulphite of soda may be used--say, one +ounce to two ounces of water; and then, by preserving the solution, and +using it over and over again, a more agreeable picture is produced. The +solution, when it becomes weak, may be refreshed by a few crystals of the +fresh salt added to it._ + +F. W. _If the bath of nitrate of silver produces the semi-opaque appearance +upon the collodion, in all probability there is no hyposulphite of soda in +the bath: three or four drops of tincture of iodine added to each ounce of +the solution of nitrate of silver in the bath, often acts very +beneficially. All doubtful solutions of nitrate of silver it is well to +precipitate by means of common salt, collect the chloride, and reduce it +again to its metallic state. The paper process described by DR. DIAMOND in +our 166th Number is calculated both for positives and negatives._ + +"Notes and Queries" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country +Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcel, and deliver them to +their Subscribers on the Saturday_. + + * * * * * + + +THE ECLECTIC REVIEW for JANUARY, price 1s. 6d., or by post 2s. (commencing +a new volume), contains: + + I. The Hungarian Struggle and Arthur Goergey. + II. Scottish Preachers and Preaching. + III. Thackeray's History of Colonel Esmond. + IV. British South Africa. + V. Solwan; or Waters of Comfort. + VI. Religious Persecutions in Tuscany. + VII. The Distribution of the Representation. + VIII. Review of the Month, &c. &.c + +This day is published, No. IX., price 1s. (80 pp.), + +THE HOMILIST; and Bi-Monthly Pulpit Review. + + CONTENTS: + + HOMILY:--The Historic Forms of Anti-Theism. + + GERMS OF THOUGHT. + + THE GENIUS OF THE GOSPEL:--The Temptation of Christ; or, the Typal + Battle of the Good. + + GLANCES AT SOME OF THE GREAT PREACHERS OF ENGLAND:--Hugh Latimer. + + THEOLOGICAL AND PULPIT LITERATURE:--Schleiermacher. Wellington and the + Pulpit. + +No. X. will be published on the 1st of March. + + WARD & CO., 27. Paternoster Row. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, 1 vol. 8vo., price 9s. + +ANCIENT IRISH MINSTRELSY, by REV. W. HAMILTON DRUMMOND, D.D., M.R.S.A. + + "A graceful addition to the lover of Ancient Minstrelsy, whether he be + Irishman or not. A man need not be English to enjoy the Chevy Chace, + nor Scotch to value the Border Minstrelsy. The extracts we have given + from Dr. Drummond's work, so full of force and beauty, will satisfy + him, we trust, he need not be Irish to enjoy the fruits of Dr. D.'s + labours."--_The Dublin Advocate._ + +Dublin: HODGES & SMITH, Grafton Street. London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO., +4. Stationers' Hall Court. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, Vol. I., 2l. 12s. 6d. + +DETAILS OF GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE, measured and drawn from existing Examples, +by J. K. COLLING, Architect. + +No. XXV. of Vol. II. contains: + + West Doorway of North Aisle, Kingsbury Church, Warwick. South Doorway, + Ebony Chapel, Kent. + + Corbel from the Mayor's Chapel, Bristol. + + Sedilia and Piscina in the Chantry Chapel, Bitton Church, + Gloucestershire. + + Ditto, Ditto, Section and Details. + + Naves, Piers, and Arches, Wittersham Church, Kent. Ditto, Fishtoft + Church, Lincoln, Ditto, St. Mary's Church, Scarborough. + +Also, + +GOTHIC ORNAMENTS, + +Being a Series of Examples of enriched Details and Accessories of the +Architecture of Great Britain. Drawn from existing Authorities by JAMES K. +COLLING, Architect. 2 vols. 4to., 7l. 10s., cloth. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street, and DAVID BOGUE. + + * * * * * + + +To Members of Learned Societies, Authors, &c. + +ASHBEE & DANGERFIELD, LITHOGRAPHERS, DRAUGHTSMEN, AND PRINTERS, 18. Broad +Court, Long Acre. + +A. & D. respectfully beg to announce that they devote particular attention +to the execution of ANCIENT AND MODERN FAC-SIMILES, comprising Autograph +Letters, Deeds, Charters, Title-pages, Engravings, Woodcuts, &c., which +they produce from any description of copies with the utmost accuracy, and +without the slightest injury to the originals. + +Among the many purposes to which the art of Lithography is most +successfully applied, may be specified,--ARCHAEOLOGICAL DRAWINGS, +Architecture, Landscapes, Marine Views, Portraits from Life or Copies, +Illuminated MSS., Monumental Brasses, Decorations, Stained Glass Windows, +Maps, Plans, Diagrams, and every variety of illustrations requisite for +Scientific and Artistic Publications. + +PHOTOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS lithographed with the greatest care and exactness. + +LITHOGRAPHIC OFFICES, 18. Broad Court, Long Acre, London. + + * * * * * + + + Twenty-five Letters of Nelson, near One Hundred interesting Letters of + the Duke of Wellington, Important State Papers illustrative of the + Reign of George III., and other very valuable Autographs. + +PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by +AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on TUESDAY, January 24, and +Two following Days, a Valuable Assemblage of Autograph Letters, in the +finest preservation; including the Joint Collections of S. J. PRATT and DR. +MAVOR; amongst which will be found many Letters of great Rarity and +Interest, Selections from the Fairfax and Rupert Correspondence, &c. + +Catalogues will be sent on Application (if in the Country, on receipt of +Six Stamps). + + * * * * * + + + Theology, Voyages and Travels, American History and Literature, and the + celebrated Copy of the Scriptures known as "The Bowyer Bible." + +PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by +AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on SATURDAY, Feb. 26, and +Five following Days, an Extensive and Valuable Collection of Curious and +Interesting Voyages and Travels, many of which relate to America, the East +and West Indies, &c.: also valuable Theological Books, including a large +Collection of the Works of Puritan Writers; to which is added, the +Celebrated Copy of the Holy Scriptures, known as + +"THE BOWYER BIBLE," + +the most extensively Illustrated Book extant formed at a cost of several +Thousand Pounds; the elaborately Carved Oak Case to contain the same, &c. + +Catalogues are preparing, and may shortly be had. + + * * * * * + + +Recently published, price 2d. + +DEATH THE LEVELLER. A Sermon preached in Ecclesfield Parish Church, by the +REV. ALFRED GATTY, M.A., Vicar, on the 21st of November, 1852, the Sunday +after the Funeral of the Duke of Wellington. + +Published by Request. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. 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HENRI VAN LAUN assists Gentlemen in obtaining a critical knowledge of +the French, German, and Dutch languages. From his acquaintance with the +ancient as well as the modern literature of these three languages, and also +with the best English authors, he can render his lessons valuable to +gentlemen pursuing antiquarian or literary researches. He also undertakes +the translation of Manuscripts. Communications to be addressed, pre-paid. +ANDREW'S Library, 167. New Bond Street. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + _Directors._ + H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq. + William Cabell, Esq. + T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. + G. Henry Drew, Esq. + William Evans, Esq. + William Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. Henry Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + James Hunt, Esq. + J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + James Lys Seager, Esq. + J. Basley White, Esq. + Joseph Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._ + W. 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Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age L s. d. + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICALS of absolute Purity, especially prepared for this +Art, may be procured from R.W. THOMAS, Operative Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, +whose well-known Preparation of Xylo-Iodide of Silver is pronounced by the +most eminent scientific men of the day to excel every other Photographic +Compound in sensitiveness, and in the marvellous vigour uniformly preserved +in the middle tints of pictures produced by it. MR. R. W. THOMAS cautions +Photographers against unprincipled persons who (from the fact of Xyloidin +and Collodion being synonymous terms) would lead them to imagine that the +inferior compound sold by them at half the price is identical with his +preparation. In some cases, even the name of MR. T.'s Xylo-Iodide of Silver +has been assumed. In order to prevent such dishonourable practice, each +bottle sent from his Establishment is stamped with a red label bearing his +signature, to counterfeit which is felony. + +Prepared solely by R. W. THOMAS, Chemist, &c., 10. Pall Mall. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions may +be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured +Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of +Photography in all its Branches. + +Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope. + + BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument + Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS and VIEWS by the Collodion and Waxed Paper Process. +Apparatus, Materials, and Pure Chemical Preparation for the above +processes, Superior Iodized Collodion, known by the name of Collodio-iodide +or Xylo-iodide of Silver, 9d. per oz. Pyro-gallic Acid, 4s. per drachm. +Acetic Acid, suited for Collodion Pictures, 8d. per oz. Crystallizable and +perfectly pure, on which the success of the Calo-typist so much depends, +1s. per oz. Canson Frere's Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive do., 4s. 6d.; La +Croix, 3s.; Turner, 3s. Whatman's Negative and Positive, 3s. per quire. +Iodized Waxed Paper, 10s. 6d. per quire. Sensitive Paper ready for the +Camera, and warranted to keep from fourteen to twenty days, with directions +for use, 11 x 9, 9s. per doz.; Iodized, only 6s. per doz. + + GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS (sole Agents for Voightlander & Sons' celebrated + Lenses), Foster Lane, London. + + * * * * * + + +TO PHOTOGRAPHERS.--MR. PHILIP DELAMOTTE begs to announce that he has now +made arrangements for printing Calotypes in large or small quantities, +either from Paper or Glass Negatives. Gentlemen who are desirous of having +good impressions of their works, may see specimens of Mr. Delamotte's +Printing at his own residence, 38. Chepstow Place, Bayswater, or at + +MR. GEORGE BELL'S, 186 Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, +Sanford's, and Canson Frere's make. Waxed-Paper for Le Grey's Process. +Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. + +Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. +Paternoster Row, London. + + * * * * * + + +GENERAL CORNWALLIS. + +An original Portrait for Sale, by COTES. + +Address H. W., care of Samuel Edwards, Esq., 16. Harpur Street, Red Lion +Square. + + * * * * * + + +CHEAP BOOKS.--Just Published, a Catalogue of Second-Hand Books (many +curious), on Sale for Ready Money, by J. CROZIER. No. 5. New Turnstile +(near Lincoln's Inn Fields), Holborn. + + * * * * * + + +ARCHER'S PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.--This very useful apparatus for working the +various Photographic Processes in the open air, without the aid of any tent +or dark chamber, can only be obtained of MR. ARCHER, 105. Great Russell +Street, Bloomsbury. These Cameras are made either folding or otherwise. +Also a portable folding Tripod Stand, so constructed that the Camera can be +raised or lowered, at pleasure. Achromatic Fluid and other Lenses from 2l. +2s. to 6l. 6s. Iodized Collodion, 10s. per lb., 9d. per oz.; and all +Chemicals of the best quality. + +Practical Instruction given in the Art. + + * * * * * + + +TO PHOTOGRAPHERS.--Pure Chemicals, with every requisite for the practice of +photography, according to the instructions of Hunt, Le Grey, Brebisson, &c. +&c., may be obtained of WILLIAM BOLTON, Manufacturer of pure chemicals for +Photographic and other purposes. + +Lists of Prices to be had on application. + +146. Holborn Bars. + + * * * * * + + +RALPH'S SERMON PAPER,--This approved Paper is particularly deserving the +notice of the Clergy, as, from its particular form (each page measuring +5-3/4 by 9 inches), it will contain more matter than the size in ordinary +use: and, from the width being narrower, is much more easy to read: adapted +for expeditious writing with either the quill or metallic pen; price 5s. +per ream. Sample on application. + +ENVELOPE PAPER.--To identify the contents with the address and postmark, +important in all business communications; it admits of three clear pages +(each measuring 5-1/2 by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves time and +is more economical. Price 9s. 6d. per ream. + +F. W. RALPH Manufacturing Stationer, 36. Throgmorton Street, Bank. + + * * * * * + + +KERR & STRANG, Perfumers and Wig-Makers, 124. Leadenhall Street, London, +respectfully inform the Nobility and Public that they have invented and +brought to the greatest perfection the following leading articles, besides +numerous others:--Their Ventilating Natural Curl; Ladies and Gentlemen's +PERUKES, either Crops or Full Dress, with Partings and Crowns so natural as +to defy detection, and with or without their improved Metallic Springs; +Ventilating Fronts, Bandeaux, Borders, Nattes, Bands a la Reine, &c.; also +their instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the only dye that really answers for +all colours, and never fades nor acquires that unnatural red or purple tint +common to all other dyes; it is permanent, free of any smell, and perfectly +harmless. Any lady or gentleman, sceptical of its effects in dyeing any +shade of colour, can have it applied, free of any charge, at KERR & +STRANG'S, 124. Leadenhall Street. + +Sold in Cases at 7s. 6d., 15s., and 20s. Samples, 3s. 6d., sent to all +parts on receipt of Post-office Order or Stamps. + + * * * * * + + +{76} + +Now ready, in Seven Volumes, medium 4to., cloth, pp. 4,167, Price Fourteen +Guineas, + +THE ANNALS OF IRELAND; + + From the Original of the Four Masters, from the earliest Historic + Period to the Conclusion in 1616; consisting of the Irish Text from the + Original MSS., and an English Translation, with copious Explanatory + Notes, an Index of Names, and an Index of Places, by JOHN O'DONOVAN, + Esq., LL.D., Barrister at Law; Professor of the Celtic Language, + Queen's College, Belfast. + +_Extract from the_ DUBLIN REVIEW. + +"We can but hope, within the limited space at our disposal, to render a +scanty and imperfect measure of justice to a work of such vast extent and +varied erudition.... We would beg the reader, if he be disposed to doubt +our opinion, to examine almost every single page out of the four thousand +of which the work consists, in order that he may learn the true nature and +extent of Mr. O'Donovan's editorial labours. Let him see the numberless +minute verbal criticisms; the elaborate topographical annotations with +which each page is loaded; the historical, genealogical, and biographical +notices; the lucid and ingenious illustrations, drawn from the ancient +laws, customs, traditions, and institutions of Ireland; the parallelisms +and discrepancies of the narrative with that of other annalists, both +native and foreign; the countless authorities which are examined and +adjusted; the errors which are corrected; the omissions and deficiencies +supplied; in a word, the curious and various learning which is everywhere +displayed. Let him remember the mines from which all those treasures have +been drawn are, for the most part, unexplored; that the materials thus +laudably applied to the illustration of the text are in great part +manuscripts which Ussher and Ware, even Waddy and Colgen, no to speak of +Lynch and Lanigan, had never seen or left unexamined; many of them in a +language which is to a great extent obsolete." + +A Prospectus of the Work will be forwarded gratis to any application made +to the Publishers. + +Dublin: HODGES & SMITH, Grafton Street, Booksellers to the University. + +London: LONGMAN & Co.; and SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & Co. + + * * * * * + + +Now ready, small 4to., handsomely bound in cloth, 2l. 2s. 6d.; morocco, 2l. +12s. 6d. + +POETRY OF THE YEAR, + +PASSAGES FROM THE POETS + +DESCRIPTIVE OF THE SEASONS. + +WITH TWENTY-TWO COLOURED ILLUSTRATIONS FROM DRAWINGS BY THE FOLLOWING +EMINENT ARTISTS. + + T. CRESWICK, R.A. + C. DAVIDSON. + W. LEE. + J. MULLER. + E. DUNCAN. + BIRKET FOSTER. + D. COX. + H. LE JEUNE. + W. HEMSLEY. + C. BRANWHITE. + J. WOLF. + C. WEIGALL. + HARRISON WEIR. + R. R. + E. V. B. + LUCETTE E. BARKER. + + "Christmas has seldom produced a gift-book more creditable to all + concerned in it than this beautiful volume. The poetry is well chosen; + the passages being for the most part bits of real description, + excellent in their kind, from the writings of our poets, from the time + of Lord Surrey to that of Tennyson, with two or three beautiful bits + from American authors. Now and then a poem is inserted, which, if not + descriptive, is in spirit and feeling akin to the season to which it is + referred; and this gives variety to what might otherwise be too great a + mass of description. As a book of extracts merely, it would be an + intelligent and creditable selection, made upon a distinct and coherent + plan. But the drawings of Messrs. Foster, Davidson, Weir, Creswick, + Cox, Duncan, and Branwhite, are a great addition to the volume; and the + coloured engravings have been happy in catching the spirit and + character of the artist themselves. + + "Though on a small scale, the feeling of some of the designs is + admirable, specially those devoted to the illustration of spring and + summer--the seasons which, both in poetry and painting, have the + greatest amount of honour in this volume. The publisher is entitled to + the praise of great care and attention to the appearance of the book; + the colour and texture of the paper, the type, and the binding are + unexceptionable. It is a book to do credit to any + publisher."--_Guardian._ + +GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, January 15. 1853. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 168, January +15, 1853, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 42783.txt or 42783.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/4/2/7/8/42783/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian +Libraries) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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