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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44629 ***
+
+                          =By E. Boyd Smith=
+
+
+    THE EARLY LIFE OF MR. MAN. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE STORY OF NOAH'S ARK. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE STORY OF POCAHONTAS AND CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE RAILROAD BOOK. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE SEASHORE BOOK. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE FARM BOOK. Illustrated in color.
+
+
+         Books specially illustrated in color by E. Boyd Smith
+
+    IVANHOE. By Sir Walter Scott.
+
+    TWO YEARS BEFORE THE MAST. By Richard Henry Dana, Jr.
+
+    ROBINSON CRUSOE. By Daniel Defoe.
+
+
+                       HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
+
+                          BOSTON AND NEW YORK
+
+
+
+
+                           THE SEASHORE BOOK
+
+                      BOB AND BETTY'S SUMMER WITH
+                             CAPTAIN HAWES
+
+                  STORY AND PICTURES BY E. BOYD SMITH
+
+                       HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
+
+                          BOSTON AND NEW YORK
+
+
+                            [Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                   COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY E. BOYD SMITH
+
+         ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, INCLUDING THE RIGHT TO REPRODUCE
+
+                THIS BOOK OR PARTS THEREOF IN ANY FORM
+
+                      _Published September 1912_
+
+
+                          The Riverside Press
+
+                        CAMBRIDGE MASSACHUSETTS
+
+                        PRINTED IN THE U. S. A.
+
+
+
+
+                           THE SEASHORE BOOK
+
+                            [Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE FIRST ROW
+
+
+Now I will tell you how Bob and Betty spent the summer at the seashore
+with Captain Ben Hawes. Captain Hawes was an old sailor. After forty
+years' service on the high seas he had settled down ashore at Quohaug.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Bluff and hearty, and with no end of sea yarns and stories of strange
+adventures, and of foreign ports and peoples, he was more interesting
+to the children than the most fascinating fairy book.
+
+His home was a little museum of odds and ends brought from different
+far-away lands, with everything arranged in shipshape order. The big
+green parrot, who could call "Ship ahoy!" "All aboard!" delighted the
+boy and girl. And the seashells, which gave the murmuring echo of the
+ocean when you put them to your ear. And the curiosities of strange
+sorts and shapes, from outlandish countries.
+
+As their first day was fine and the bay smooth, Captain Hawes took
+the children out for a row in his "sharpey." How delightful it was,
+skimming so easily over the shining water. The shore, the docks, and
+the vessels at the wharves were all so interesting from this view.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+He told them all about the different craft they passed, the fishermen,
+the coal barges, the tramp steamers, how they sailed and where they
+went to, and now, finding them such good listeners, for the Captain
+liked to tell about ships and the sea, he launched forth into a general
+history of things connected with sea life, from the first men, long,
+long ago, who began poling about on rafts, to the coracle, and the
+dugout. The dugouts were canoes hollowed out of tree trunks.
+
+"Down in the South Seas the savages still make them; I've seen them
+many a time," he explained; "and of course you've heard of our Indians'
+birchbark canoes."
+
+By and by the use of sails had developed, and boats and ships grew
+bigger, and now the day of the steamboat had come.
+
+"Now, I want you to know all about boats and ships," he added; "I'll
+take you to the yards to-morrow, if it's fine, and show you how they
+make them, so that when you go back home, where they don't know much
+about such things, you can just tell them."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE SHIPYARD
+
+
+The next day Captain Ben, true to his promise, took the children around
+to Stewart's Boat Shop where a fishing-boat was being built, and showed
+them just how the frame was made, the keel, the ribs, the stem, and
+sternpost, and how the planking was laid on. How everything was made as
+stiff and strong as possible so that the boat could stand the strain of
+being tossed about by heavy seas.
+
+Bob followed it all with enthusiasm, for he was fond of carpentering
+and working with tools. He made up his mind that he would build a boat
+some day.
+
+And now the Captain, having made everything clear with this small
+example which they could readily understand, proposed a visit to the
+shipyard, where a real life-sized ship was being built.
+
+Here they found a busy gang of men hard at work, some with "broad axes"
+cutting down the planks to a line, "scoring" and "beating off"; others
+with "adzes" "dubbing," and even whipsawyers ripping logs.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+On stagings about the great ship, which towered up as high as a house,
+more men were at work planking. The planks, hot from the steam boxes,
+carried up the "brow" staging on men's shoulders, to be clamped into
+place and bolted fast.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+And how big it all was! This made the children open their eyes in
+wonder. They had already seen such vessels in the water, but had never
+appreciated how huge the hulls were, almost like a block of houses, or
+so it seemed to them.
+
+Captain Hawes then showed them how this great ship was built on the
+same principle as the small boat they had just seen. And now if the
+children didn't really understand everything it wasn't the Captain's
+fault; the subject was rather a big one for beginners. But it was a
+great sight, and it wasn't everybody who had seen a ship being built,
+they knew that.
+
+On the way home they rowed past sloops with a strange contrivance
+out on the end of the bowsprit; this Captain Hawes said was called a
+"pulpit." These boats went sword-fishing, and in the pulpit a man was
+stationed with lance in hand, while aloft in the rigging a "lookout"
+sighted the fish. When the boat was near enough, the man with the lance
+stood ready, and speared the fish as it passed. He promised to show
+them these big fish the next time a catch was brought in.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             DIGGING CLAMS
+
+
+Though there were so many interesting things to see and learn by the
+seashore, it was also an ideal place for play, and just now it seemed
+to our boy and girl as though nothing else could compare with it.
+
+Clam-digging was such sport. Captain Hawes took them down at low tide
+to the soft mud and showed them how to dig the clams. And then the fun
+of roasting them in the driftwood fire, and the picnic clam-bakes, with
+the delicious chowder!
+
+It was here the children met a future playmate, Patsey Quinn. Captain
+Hawes jokingly called him a little water-rat, for Patsey had been
+brought up along the shore and knew all about things. He proved to be a
+most valuable companion to Bob and Betty, and the Captain could trust
+him to look after them, for of course he knew just what was safe and
+what wasn't.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+He took them on many expeditions along the beach, knew just where the
+best clams and mussels were to be found, and where the crabs lived,
+and how to catch them. Wading among the seaweed-covered rocks they had
+lively times, occasionally getting their toes or fingers nipped, for
+crabs object to being caught.
+
+Patsey taught his new friends how to fish, though they never got to be
+as good fishermen as he was. They seemed to catch more sculpins than
+anything else, and though sculpins were wonderful looking creatures
+they were not, Patsey explained, very good eating; flounders and eels
+were better. But Betty was afraid of eels. They squirmed so.
+
+The seaweeds and shells interested the children, and the many-colored
+pebbles, so nice and round, from being rolled by the sea, Patsey
+knowingly explained.
+
+He showed them how to throw flat stones along the surface of the water,
+until they, too, could make them skip a number of times before sinking.
+
+There was no end to the variety of amusements; every day seemed to
+bring forth new ones, and the sunburned, healthy children enjoyed it
+all to the full.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE SAIL LOFT
+
+
+Nights, especially dark nights, the children watched with unfailing
+interest the great flash-light from the lighthouse out on the point.
+Captain Hawes had explained the uses of lighthouses, how they showed
+the way to ships at night, like signs on street corners or crossroads,
+and also warned them to keep away from the rocks. One day he rowed them
+out, and the light-keeper took them up in the tower and proudly showed
+them the powerful lamp with its complicated reflectors, and explained
+it all. Betty admired the bright, shining appearance of things, and was
+surprised to learn that the man himself looked after all this: she had
+thought that only a housekeeper could keep up such a polish.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Another time Captain Hawes took the children to Barry's sail loft,
+where the sails for the new ship were being made. He had already told
+them something about sailmaking, but knew they would understand better
+by seeing the real things. The sail loft, like everything connected
+with ships, proved interesting,--the broad clean floor, the men on
+their low benches sewing the seams of the heavy canvas, forcing the
+needles through with the stout leather "palms," instead of thimbles.
+And all their neat tools, the "heavers," "stickers," "fids," "grummet
+stamps," and such odd-named things.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+On the wall in one corner of the loft was a varied collection of bright
+"clew irons" and "rings," "thimbles" and "cringles," which aroused the
+children's curiosity. These, it was explained, were to be sewed into
+the corners of the sails to hold the ropes for rigging. Here and there
+compact, heavy rolls of canvas, sails completed, were lying by, ready
+to be taken away and rigged to the tall masts and broad yards of the
+ship; sails which later would look so light and graceful when carrying
+the ship along.
+
+The summer days were passing quickly to the children, and Captain Hawes
+insisted that they must hurry and learn to swim, and with Patsey's help
+they were at it daily. After the first cautious wadings and splashing
+they enjoyed it immensely, and before the summer was really over
+they had learned to keep their heads above water: not to swim far,
+that would come with time and greater strength, but they had made a
+beginning, and felt justly proud of the accomplishment.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE LOG BOOM
+
+
+The two children, under the Captain's instruction, learned to row,
+after a fashion, though the oars of the sharpey were rather heavy
+for them, and sometimes would catch in the water with disconcerting
+results. The Captain called it "catching a crab." But it was all great
+fun, in spite of this.
+
+Often Captain Hawes took them sailing in his catboat, the Mary Ann, and
+one day ran up close to the log "boom" which belonged to the shipyard,
+and showed them where the lumber came from, for the building of the
+ship. He explained how it had been cut far up in the back forests and
+rafted down the rivers to the sea. The great raft was now held in place
+by a frame of logs outside the others fastened together with "dogs"
+and chains. Here the children saw the men picking out the special
+logs they needed, and doing various stunts, paddling and balancing
+with boathooks. Some would even paddle off to the shipyard on a log,
+balancing much like a tight-rope walker. But once in a while accidents
+would happen, and they would get more than wet feet, to the great glee
+of their comrades.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the logs reached the shipyard they were sawed into planks by the
+"whipsawyers," or the machine saws, cut into shape, as they had already
+seen, by axes and adzes, and fitted to their places in the building of
+the ship.
+
+You may be sure the children had to try this game of logging, and
+they built themselves a raft, of loose boards lying along the beach,
+and while Betty was the passenger Bob vigorously poled his raft about
+in the shallows. Patsey Quinn, more ambitious, and used to frequent
+wettings, boldly imitated the log-men in their balancing feats, not
+without coming to grief occasionally, though it worried him but little;
+being in the water to him was much the same as being out of it.
+
+These were busy, happy days for the children; there was always plenty
+to see or do. Patsey was curious to know about the things of the city,
+but Bob and Betty felt perfectly sure, at least just now, that the
+seashore was a much more interesting place.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE LAUNCHING
+
+
+The children were always hearing about lobster fishing, for that was
+an important industry at Quohaug, so Captain Hawes took them out in
+his boat to see the fishermen at work hauling in their traps. The
+fishing-beds were dotted with little buoys, each fisherman having his
+own, with his private mark. To each buoy a trap was attached by a long
+line. Down on the bottom the lobsters would crawl into the traps after
+the bait, and then could not get out.
+
+But Bob and Betty were disappointed to find these lobsters as they came
+out of the water a dull green instead of the beautiful bright red they
+expected. Captain Hawes explained that they would come out red after
+they were boiled.
+
+To-day was the day set for the launching of one of the new ships the
+children had seen almost finished in the shipyard on their first visit.
+High tide was the time set, and the whole village turned out to see the
+event. Captain Hawes had told them that they would soon see the ship
+floating out in the bay; but this was hard to believe; how would it be
+possible to move that big mass? "Just you wait and you'll see," the
+Captain assured them.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+At the yard everybody was eager and excited. Captain Hawes put the
+children up on a tall wooden "horse" where they could get a good view.
+
+The ship, all decked with gay, fluttering flags, had been wedged into
+her "cradle." The ways down which she was to slide were well greased,
+and the builder was waiting for the tide to be at its highest.
+
+At last the moment had come. The signal was given. Busy workmen with
+sledges, under the ship struck blow on blow, setting up the lifting
+wedges, and knocking away the few remaining props; then scampered back
+out of danger.
+
+Slowly at first, the great ship "came to life," then began to move.
+Slowly but steadily gaining speed, she began to slide down the ways.
+Fast and faster, gaining momentum, she rushed, as though really
+alive, gracefully sliding, into the sea. Then sped far out into the
+deep water, where she floated on an even keel. From being a mass of
+planks and beams she now seemed to be a great living creature, and
+the lookers-on cheered her and waved their hats, as she proudly took
+her place on the sea, where she would pass the rest of her life. Bob
+and Betty were so impressed that even the yacht race they saw that
+afternoon, though a fine sight, seemed tame after the launching.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                               THE WRECK
+
+
+To the children the restless sea with its many changes was a new sight.
+One day it would be flat and calm and shiny, like a big mirror. Again
+quickly changing with a breeze to blues of various shades. Again it
+would be broken with white-caps and spray, as the wind grew stronger.
+
+And it was so big! And Captain Hawes assured them that it was even
+bigger than it looked, telling them that if they went away out there to
+the distant edge by the sky, they would still see another just as far
+off, and so on for many, many days before they would get to the other
+side of the ocean.
+
+When the winds blew high and the waves dashed against the rocks and
+tossed up the white spray, he would take them down to the beach to
+watch the storm, and see the surf roll in. Of course this was a time
+for rubber boots, "oilskins," and "sou'westers," such as the seafaring
+people wear.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+One day during a gale, a "nor'easter," when they could hardly stand
+alone, they saw a schooner wrecked out on the rocks. Everybody on
+shore was greatly excited. And the life-boat with its hardy crew
+put off to the rescue of the sailors, who could be seen clinging to
+the rigging, waiting for help. They were all saved, but the vessel was
+lost, and dashed high up against the rocks.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+A few days later, when the storm had passed and the sea became calm
+again, Captain Hawes rowed the children out to the rocky point to see
+the wreck. Here the stranded schooner lay firmly wedged among the
+rocks. Her masts were gone, her back was broken, and her bow splintered
+in pieces, rigging and tatters of sails hung about in confusion. And
+the good craft, which such a short time before had been sailing so
+proudly, was now but a worthless hulk.
+
+Such was often the end of a good many stout vessels, the Captain told
+the children; this was the chance of the sea. And then, once started,
+he told them long and thrilling tales of his different voyages and
+adventures, and the wrecks he had known, and been in.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                              THE RIGGERS
+
+
+This life by the sea made an endless appeal to the children's
+imagination, and offered a never-failing amount of wonderful things to
+see and learn about.
+
+"Now," said Captain Hawes one day, "we'll go over to the wharf and see
+the riggers fitting up the new ship we saw launched."
+
+You may be sure the children were willing. Captain Hawes, who knew
+everybody and was welcome everywhere, took them on board and showed
+them everything, from the bow to the stern. And all about the ship was
+so neat and well made it was a constant marvel to the children. High up
+in the rigging men were swarming, "reeving" on "stays" and "shrouds,"
+and no end of "running" rigging, doing the most wonderful circus stunts
+in the most matter-of-fact way, far up on dizzy heights. The children
+fairly held their breath to watch them.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Out on the yards sailors were "bending on" the new sails, the sails
+Bob and Betty had seen being made at the sail loft. The whole work
+seemed to them a wonderful confusion of lines and ropes and pulleys and
+tackle. Captain Hawes tried to explain what each rope meant and how it
+was used. But there were too many; it was all too confusing. Each
+rope, he told them, had its own name; every sailor had to know them to
+be able to do his work.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The riggers built trim little rope ladders from the rail to the
+crosstrees by lashing small "ratlines" to the heavy "shrouds." The
+"stays" and "shrouds," of course, were to hold the great masts
+in place. The children wondered at it all, but didn't pretend to
+understand it, though Bob was especially interested, for climbing he
+understood, and such climbing was far ahead of anything the biggest boy
+in his school could do.
+
+They delighted in the cook's kitchen, the "galley." Such a compact,
+neat little room, where the most ingenious shelves and lockers were
+arranged, in which to hold everything needed in the way of dishes and
+pots and pans. The stove was chained down solidly so that no storm
+might upset it and cause fire, the cook explained.
+
+To Betty, the "galley" was the most interesting thing about the ship;
+it pleased her housekeeping instincts, though it did seem strange to
+see a sailor cook.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                                WHALING
+
+
+The city children never wearied of Captain Hawes's stories of his
+voyages, and the Captain, with such good listeners, never wearied
+telling of them,--a perfect combination.
+
+He told of how when a young man he used to go whaling. "Of course you
+know what whales are, big sea animals, you couldn't call them fish,
+often sixty or seventy feet long, 'as long as a big house,' huge
+creatures who lived in the northern or southern seas, though once in a
+while a stray one had been known to come into the Sound, not far from
+here."
+
+Now the children were really excited. "Oh, if only one should happen to
+come this summer!" The Captain said that would be just a chance; it was
+hardly a thing you could count on.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the ship reached the far-away seas where whales were to be found,
+"lookouts" were stationed aloft at the masthead to watch for them.
+When one was sighted the lookout shouted, "There she blows"; for the
+whales have a habit of blowing up spray when they come to the surface
+to breathe, then the boats were lowered and away the sailors went
+after the whale. When they came up with him they rowed as close as they
+dared, and the harpooner in the bow of the boat hurled his harpoon into
+the big creature's side.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The whale at once made a great commotion, slashing about and beating
+up the water, then diving deep down. The sailors "paid out" the rope
+attached to the harpoon as the whale went down. Sometimes they had to
+cut it to keep from being dragged under. But when this didn't happen
+the whale would come up after a while and start away dragging the boat
+along at a terrific speed. In time he would get tired and the boat
+would again be rowed near, and a lance thrust into his side until he
+was quite dead.
+
+It was all exciting and dangerous work, for sometimes the whale would
+attack the boat and splinter it to pieces with a blow of his tail, and
+the men, often badly hurt, be thrown into the sea, and sometimes lost.
+The dead whale was towed off to the ship, here he was moored to the
+side, and the body cut up. The great pieces of fat blubber "tried out,"
+that is, melted in pots over the fire on the deck, and the oil run off
+into barrels and stowed away in the hold.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                           LOADING THE SHIP
+
+
+Captain Hawes made the children a little toy schooner which they
+sailed in the coves along the beach. He showed them just how to "trim"
+the sails and set the rudder, so that the boat would "tack" and sail
+against the wind, "on the wind," he called it.
+
+About this time they heard that the new ship, now all rigged and with
+all sails in place, had been taken to the neighboring port and was
+taking on her cargo for a long voyage. As they wanted to see the ship
+again, the Captain took them on this little journey to see the work
+being done at the docks.
+
+Loading a ship is always a strenuous and hurly-burly affair, with much
+bustle, shouting, hauling, pushing, and pulling. The children, under
+Patsey's lead, found a good point of vantage on top of some boxes, and
+watched the work.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Busy "stevedores," who had charge, were hurrying the "longshoremen,"
+who rolled barrels, and carried bags up the gangplank into the ship, to
+be snugly stowed away between decks. Bales and boxes were being hoisted
+over the rail, to be lowered through the hatches into the hold. The
+donkey engine buzzed, the mate shouted orders, and everything, to
+the children, seemed confusion, but it was orderly confusion, for the
+work was rapidly going ahead. The great quantity of goods which went
+aboard astonished Bob and Betty; they had never seen so many boxes,
+barrels, bales, and bags before. And yet this was only the beginning,
+for the Captain told them that even at this rate it would still take
+many days to load the ship.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the first of the cargo went aboard, the vessel sat high out of
+the water, but when all should be in and stowed safely away, she
+would settle deep down to her "water line." This was where the green
+and black paint met. All this had been planned before she was built,
+Captain Hawes explained; the ship designer knew just how she should sit
+in the water when loaded; there was no guesswork about it.
+
+The ship was to go on an Eastern voyage. He had often been out there,
+away off in the China seas, where strange craft came about you: junks
+with their odd, high sails, their yellow sailors with "pigtails" down
+their backs, everything so different from our part of the world.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             BURNED AT SEA
+
+
+In the evenings, as Captain Hawes sat smoking his pipe, he would tell
+the children of strange lands he had visited in his voyages, and then
+suggest that they look up these places in their geographies, and this
+study, which before was a task, took on a new interest for Bob and
+Betty. China and Greenland now meant so much more.
+
+Telling about Iceland and Greenland, he said that up there in those
+parts, where almost everything that wasn't snow was ice, certain
+animals lived which couldn't be found anywhere else, like the big white
+polar bear, and the walrus.
+
+"Why, we know a polar bear," Betty broke in. Why, of course, he was an
+old acquaintance. They had often seen him in Central Park.
+
+"Well, now, that's good," said the Captain; "now you'll remember where
+he came from. I've been up his way more than once."
+
+Often whalers chased the "right" whale away up there; dangerous seas to
+work in, as icebergs were plenty and the risk of striking them in the
+fog was great.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+But the thing which sailors dreaded most was fire at sea. This seldom
+happened, but when it did it was bad. Once his ship was burned at night
+among the icebergs. There was nothing to do but take to the boats and
+escape to shore, which luckily was near. They lost everything but the
+clothes they wore, and a small amount of provisions. And there, while
+they looked on, the ship went up in a sheet of flame, and that was
+the last of her. The Captain said they felt pretty blue and lonely
+out there far away from the rest of the world, with no means to get
+away but the small boats. Fortunately they soon managed to reach an
+Eskimo village. These Eskimos are the natives who live there always,
+short people, dressed all in heavy, warm furs, who build themselves
+snow houses, where in the coldest weather they keep comfortably warm.
+They live by hunting and fishing. They spear seals from their skin
+canoes,--"kayaks,"--and fish through holes in the ice. These are the
+people you hear the explorers tell about when they go on expeditions to
+the North Pole. Captain Hawes thought they were the strangest people he
+had ever met. As whalers often put in up in these parts, the Captain
+and his mates did not have too hard a time, and were picked up by a
+passing ship and brought home.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                          THE SHIP SAILS AWAY
+
+
+Summer was passing quickly now, and it would soon be time for the "long
+vacation" to come to an end.
+
+Before they had to go the Sachem--that was the name of the new
+ship--was ready to put to sea. The children had admired her
+"figure-head," an Indian chief, gilded and painted in bright colors.
+The ship had taken on her whole cargo, the hatches were closed, and
+everything made tight and taut for her long voyage. She was bound for
+the Far East, the Captain told them. First she would touch at some
+South American ports, then go across the ocean to Africa, stopping at
+Cape Town, and other less important ports, then around the Cape and
+up the Indian Ocean to India; then to China and Japan. With the goods
+she had taken aboard she would trade with the different ports, either
+selling or exchanging what she had for the things made or raised in
+those far-away countries, which she would bring back home to sell in
+our markets. This was the way, Captain Hawes explained, that we got
+many good things that we couldn't raise in our own country.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The day the ship sailed, everybody turned out to wish her a good
+voyage.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+With all sails set she was a beautiful sight; a gentle land breeze
+filled her sails and slowly and gracefully she drew away, headed for
+the open sea. The steamers and the tugs in the bay whistled salutes.
+
+Captain Hawes, with a sigh, told the children that probably that was
+the last square-rigged ship they were likely to see leaving this
+port, as the old-style ship was now almost a thing of the past. The
+"fore-and-aft" rig was more practical and generally used where sailing
+vessels were still employed. But even they were all giving way before
+steam. Nowadays steamers, freighters, did nearly all the carrying trade.
+
+They watched the ship till far, far away, as the sun was setting, she
+showed as a small black spot on the horizon.
+
+And now it was time to leave Quohaug, for this summer vacation was
+ended. At home again they were just in time to see the review of the
+country's war fleet on the Hudson. This was the latest development
+of sea power, great, massive steel vessels, with no sails, driven by
+steam. They were grandly impressive, but just wait till you hear Bob
+and Betty tell of Quohaug and then you will know what ships with sails
+mean.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Seashore Book, by E. Boyd Smith
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44629 ***
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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Seashore Book: Bob and Betty's summer with Captain Hawes, by E. Boyd Smith.
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+
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+/* Footnotes */
+
+
+
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+/* Transcriber's notes */
+.transnote {background-color: #E6E6FA;
+    color: black;
+     font-size:smaller;
+     padding:0.5em;
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+<body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44629 ***</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/cover.jpg">
+<img src="images/cover_th.jpg" alt="cover" /></a></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/endpaper1.jpg">
+<img src="images/endpaper1_th.jpg" width="200" alt="endpaper" /></a>
+<a href="images/endpaper2.jpg">
+<img src="images/endpaper2_th.jpg" width="200" alt="endpaper" /></a></div>
+
+
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span>
+
+<br /><br /></p>
+
+
+<h3>By E. Boyd Smith</h3>
+
+
+<blockquote>
+
+<p>THE EARLY LIFE OF MR. MAN. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE STORY OF NOAH'S ARK. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE STORY OF POCAHONTAS AND CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE RAILROAD BOOK. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE SEASHORE BOOK. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE FARM BOOK. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+
+<p class="center">Books specially illustrated in color by E. Boyd Smith</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+
+<p>IVANHOE. By Sir Walter Scott.</p>
+
+<p>TWO YEARS BEFORE THE MAST. By Richard Henry Dana, Jr.</p>
+
+<p>ROBINSON CRUSOE. By Daniel Defoe.<br /></p>
+
+
+
+<p class="center">HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY</p>
+
+<p class="center"> <span class="smcap">Boston and New York</span>
+<br /><br /> </p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h1>THE SEASHORE BOOK<br />
+<small>BOB AND BETTY'S SUMMER WITH<br />
+CAPTAIN HAWES</small></h1>
+
+<p class="ph3">STORY AND PICTURES BY E. BOYD SMITH<br /><br /></p>
+
+
+
+<p class="center">HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY<br /></p>
+
+<p class="center">BOSTON AND NEW YORK</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/titlepage.jpg">
+<img src="images/titlepage_th.jpg" width="400" alt="titlepage" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<p class="center">
+COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY E. BOYD SMITH<br />
+</p>
+
+<p class="center">ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, INCLUDING THE RIGHT TO REPRODUCE<br />
+THIS BOOK OR PARTS THEREOF IN ANY FORM
+<br /><br /></p>
+
+<p class="center"><i>Published September 1912</i><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p class="center">The Riverside Press<br />
+
+CAMBRIDGE MASSACHUSETTS<br />
+
+PRINTED IN THE U. S. A.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>THE SEASHORE BOOK</h2>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i001.jpg">
+<img src="images/i001_th.jpg" alt="ship" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>THE FIRST ROW</h2>
+
+
+<p>Now I will tell you how Bob and Betty spent the summer at the seashore with
+Captain Ben Hawes. Captain Hawes was an old sailor. After forty years' service
+on the high seas he had settled down ashore at Quohaug.</p>
+
+<p>Bluff and hearty, and with no end of sea yarns and stories of strange adventures,
+and of foreign ports and peoples, he was more interesting to the children
+than the most fascinating fairy book.</p>
+
+<p>His home was a little museum of odds and ends brought from different far-away
+lands, with everything arranged in shipshape order. The big green parrot,
+who could call "Ship ahoy!" "All aboard!" delighted the boy and girl. And the
+seashells, which gave the murmuring echo of the ocean when you put them to your
+ear. And the curiosities of strange sorts and shapes, from outlandish countries.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i002.jpg">
+<img src="images/i002_th.jpg" alt="little museum" /></a></div>
+
+<p>As their first day was fine and the bay smooth, Captain Hawes took the
+children out for a row in his "sharpey." How delightful it was, skimming so
+easily over the shining water. The shore, the docks, and the vessels at the
+wharves were all so interesting from this view.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg6]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i003.jpg">
+<img src="images/i003_th.jpg" alt="The first row" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>He told them all about the different craft they passed, the fishermen, the coal
+barges, the tramp steamers, how they sailed and where they went to, and now,
+finding them such good listeners, for the Captain liked to tell about ships and the
+sea, he launched forth into a general history of things connected with sea life, from
+the first men, long, long ago, who began poling about on rafts, to the coracle, and
+the dugout. The dugouts were canoes hollowed out of tree trunks.</p>
+
+<p>"Down in the South Seas the savages still make them; I've seen them many a
+time," he explained; "and of course you've heard of our Indians' birchbark
+canoes."</p>
+
+<p>By and by the use of sails had developed, and boats and ships grew bigger, and
+now the day of the steamboat had come.</p>
+
+<p>"Now, I want you to know all about boats and ships," he added; "I'll take
+you to the yards to-morrow, if it's fine, and show you how they make them, so
+that when you go back home, where they don't know much about such things,
+you can just tell them."</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i004.jpg">
+<img src="images/i004_th.jpg" alt="I want you to know all about boats and ships" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2>THE SHIPYARD</h2>
+
+
+<p>The next day Captain Ben, true to his promise, took the children around to
+Stewart's Boat Shop where a fishing-boat was being built, and showed them just
+how the frame was made, the keel, the ribs, the stem, and sternpost, and how the
+planking was laid on. How everything was made as stiff and strong as possible so
+that the boat could stand the strain of being tossed about by heavy seas.</p>
+
+<p>Bob followed it all with enthusiasm, for he was fond of carpentering and working
+with tools. He made up his mind that he would build a boat some day.</p>
+
+<p>And now the Captain, having made everything clear with this small example
+which they could readily understand, proposed a visit to the shipyard, where a
+real life-sized ship was being built.</p>
+
+<p>Here they found a busy gang of men hard at work, some with "broad axes"
+cutting down the planks to a line, "scoring" and "beating off"; others with
+"adzes" "dubbing," and even whipsawyers ripping logs.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i005.jpg">
+<img src="images/i005_th.jpg" alt="Stewart's Boat Shop" /></a></div>
+
+<p>On stagings about the great ship, which towered up as high as a house, more
+men were at work planking. The planks, hot from the steam boxes, carried
+up the "brow" staging on men's shoulders, to be clamped into place and
+bolted fast.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i006.jpg">
+<img src="images/i006_th.jpg" alt="The shipyard" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>And how big it all was! This made the children open their eyes in wonder.
+They had already seen such vessels in the water, but had never appreciated how
+huge the hulls were, almost like a block of houses, or so it seemed to them.</p>
+
+<p>Captain Hawes then showed them how this great ship was built on the same
+principle as the small boat they had just seen. And now if the children didn't
+really understand everything it wasn't the Captain's fault; the subject was
+rather a big one for beginners. But it was a great sight, and it wasn't everybody
+who had seen a ship being built, they knew that.</p>
+
+<p>On the way home they rowed past sloops with a strange contrivance
+out on the end of the bowsprit; this Captain Hawes said was called a
+"pulpit." These boats went sword-fishing, and in the pulpit a man was
+stationed with lance in hand, while aloft in the rigging a "lookout"
+sighted the fish. When the boat was near enough, the man with the lance
+stood ready, and speared the fish as it passed. He promised to show
+them these big fish the next time a catch was brought in.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i007.jpg">
+<img src="images/i007_th.jpg" alt=" These boats went sword-fishing" /></a></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2>DIGGING CLAMS</h2>
+
+
+<p>Though there were so many interesting things to see and learn by the seashore,
+it was also an ideal place for play, and just now it seemed to our boy and girl as
+though nothing else could compare with it.</p>
+
+<p>Clam-digging was such sport. Captain Hawes took them down at low tide to
+the soft mud and showed them how to dig the clams. And then the fun of roasting
+them in the driftwood fire, and the picnic clam-bakes, with the delicious
+chowder!</p>
+
+<p>It was here the children met a future playmate, Patsey Quinn. Captain Hawes
+jokingly called him a little water-rat, for Patsey had been brought up along the
+shore and knew all about things. He proved to be a most valuable companion to
+Bob and Betty, and the Captain could trust him to look after them, for of
+course he knew just what was safe and what wasn't.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i008.jpg">
+<img src="images/i008_th.jpg" alt="a most valuable companion to Bob and Betty" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i009.jpg">
+<img src="images/i009_th.jpg" alt="Digging claims" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span><br /></p>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>He took them on many expeditions along the beach, knew just where the
+best clams and mussels were to be found, and where the crabs lived, and how
+to catch them. Wading among the seaweed-covered rocks they had lively times,
+occasionally getting their toes or fingers nipped, for crabs object to being caught.</p>
+
+<p>Patsey taught his new friends how to fish, though they never got to be as good
+fishermen as he was. They seemed to catch more sculpins than anything else,
+and though sculpins were wonderful looking creatures they were not, Patsey
+explained, very good eating; flounders and eels were better. But Betty was
+afraid of eels. They squirmed so.</p>
+
+<p>The seaweeds and shells interested the children, and the many-colored pebbles,
+so nice and round, from being rolled by the sea, Patsey knowingly explained.</p>
+
+<p>He showed them how to throw flat stones along the surface of the water, until
+they, too, could make them skip a number of times before sinking.</p>
+
+<p>There was no end to the variety of amusements; every day seemed to bring
+forth new ones, and the sunburned, healthy children enjoyed it all to the full.</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i010.jpg">
+<img src="images/i010_th.jpg" alt=" children enjoyed it all to the full" /></a></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE SAIL LOFT</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>Nights, especially dark nights, the children watched with unfailing interest
+the great flash-light from the lighthouse out on the point. Captain Hawes had
+explained the uses of lighthouses, how they showed the way to ships at night, like
+signs on street corners or crossroads, and also warned them to keep away from the
+rocks. One day he rowed them out, and the light-keeper took them up in the
+tower and proudly showed them the powerful lamp with its complicated reflectors,
+and explained it all. Betty admired the bright, shining appearance of
+things, and was surprised to learn that the man himself looked after all this: she
+had thought that only a housekeeper could keep up such a polish.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i011.jpg">
+<img src="images/i011_th.jpg" alt="lighthouse" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>Another time Captain Hawes took the children to Barry's sail loft, where the
+sails for the new ship were being made. He had already told them something
+about sailmaking, but knew they would understand better by seeing the real
+things. The sail loft, like everything connected with ships, proved interesting,&mdash;the
+broad clean floor, the men on their low benches sewing
+the seams of the heavy canvas, forcing the needles through
+with the stout leather "palms," instead of thimbles. And all their neat tools, the
+"heavers," "stickers," "fids," "grummet stamps," and such odd-named things.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i012.jpg">
+<img src="images/i012_th.jpg" alt=" The sail loft" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>On the wall in one corner of the loft was a varied collection of bright "clew
+irons" and "rings," "thimbles" and "cringles," which aroused the children's
+curiosity. These, it was explained, were to be sewed into the corners of the sails
+to hold the ropes for rigging. Here and there compact, heavy rolls of canvas,
+sails completed, were lying by, ready to be taken away and rigged to the tall
+masts and broad yards of the ship; sails which later would look so light and graceful
+when carrying the ship along.</p>
+
+<p>The summer days were passing quickly to the children, and Captain Hawes
+insisted that they must hurry and learn to swim, and with Patsey's help they
+were at it daily. After the first cautious wadings and splashing they enjoyed it
+immensely, and before the summer was really over they had learned to keep
+their heads above water: not to swim far, that would come with time and greater
+strength, but they had made a beginning, and felt justly proud of the accomplishment.</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i013.jpg">
+<img src="images/i013_th.jpg" alt="they had learned to keep their heads above water" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE LOG BOOM</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>The two children, under the Captain's instruction, learned to row, after a
+fashion, though the oars of the sharpey were rather heavy for them, and sometimes
+would catch in the water with disconcerting results. The Captain called it
+"catching a crab." But it was all great fun, in spite of this.</p>
+
+<p>Often Captain Hawes took them sailing in his catboat, the Mary Ann, and one
+day ran up close to the log "boom" which belonged to the shipyard, and showed
+them where the lumber came from, for the building of the ship. He explained how
+it had been cut far up in the back forests and rafted down the rivers to the sea.
+The great raft was now held in place by a frame of logs outside the others fastened
+together with "dogs" and chains. Here the children saw the men picking
+out the special logs they needed, and doing various stunts, paddling and balancing
+with boathooks. Some would even paddle off to the shipyard on a log, balancing
+much like a tight-rope walker. But once in a while accidents would happen,
+and they would get more than wet feet, to the great glee of their comrades.</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i014.jpg">
+<img src="images/i014_th.jpg" alt="Captain Hawes took them sailing in his catboat" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i015.jpg">
+<img src="images/i015_th.jpg" alt="The log boom" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>When the logs reached the shipyard they were sawed into planks by the
+"whipsawyers," or the machine saws, cut into shape, as they had already seen,
+by axes and adzes, and fitted to their places in the building of the ship.</p>
+
+<p>You may be sure the children had to try this game of logging, and they built
+themselves a raft, of loose boards lying along the beach, and while Betty was the
+passenger Bob vigorously poled his raft about in the shallows. Patsey Quinn,
+more ambitious, and used to frequent wettings, boldly imitated the log-men in
+their balancing feats, not without coming to grief occasionally, though it worried
+him but little; being in the water to him was much the same as being out
+of it.</p>
+
+<p>These were busy, happy days for the children; there was always plenty to see or
+do. Patsey was curious to know about the things of the city, but Bob and Betty
+felt perfectly sure, at least just now, that the seashore was a much more interesting
+place.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i016.jpg">
+<img src="images/i016_th.jpg" alt="they built themselves a raft" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE LAUNCHING</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>The children were always hearing about lobster fishing, for that was an important
+industry at Quohaug, so Captain Hawes took them out in his boat to see
+the fishermen at work hauling in their traps. The fishing-beds were dotted with
+little buoys, each fisherman having his own, with his private mark. To each buoy
+a trap was attached by a long line. Down on the bottom the lobsters would
+crawl into the traps after the bait, and then could not get out.</p>
+
+<p>But Bob and Betty were disappointed to find these lobsters as they came out
+of the water a dull green instead of the beautiful bright red they expected. Captain
+Hawes explained that they would come out red after they were boiled.</p>
+
+<p>To-day was the day set for the launching of one of the new ships the children
+had seen almost finished in the shipyard on their first visit. High tide was the
+time set, and the whole village turned out to see the event. Captain Hawes had
+told them that they would soon see the ship floating out in the bay; but this was
+hard to believe; how would it be possible to move that big mass? "Just you
+wait and you'll see," the Captain assured them.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i017.jpg">
+<img src="images/i017_th.jpg" alt=" lobster fishing" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i018.jpg">
+<img src="images/i018_th.jpg" alt="The launching" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>At the yard everybody was eager and excited. Captain Hawes put the children
+up on a tall wooden "horse" where they could get a good view.</p>
+
+<p>The ship, all decked with gay, fluttering flags, had been wedged into her
+"cradle." The ways down which she was to slide were well greased, and the
+builder was waiting for the tide to be at its highest.</p>
+
+<p>At last the moment had come. The signal was given. Busy workmen with
+sledges, under the ship struck blow on blow, setting up the lifting wedges, and
+knocking away the few remaining props; then scampered back out of danger.</p>
+
+<p>Slowly at first, the great ship "came to life," then began to move. Slowly but
+steadily gaining speed, she began to slide down the ways. Fast and faster, gaining
+momentum, she rushed, as though really alive, gracefully sliding, into the
+sea. Then sped far out into the deep water, where she floated on an even keel.
+From being a mass of planks and beams she now seemed to be a great living
+creature, and the lookers-on cheered her and waved their hats, as she proudly
+took her place on the sea, where she would pass the rest of her life. Bob and
+Betty were so impressed that even the yacht race they saw that afternoon,
+though a fine sight, seemed tame after the launching.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i019.jpg">
+<img src="images/i019_th.jpg" alt="the yacht race" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE WRECK</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>To the children the restless sea with its many changes was a new sight. One
+day it would be flat and calm and shiny, like a big mirror. Again quickly changing
+with a breeze to blues of various shades. Again it would be broken with
+white-caps and spray, as the wind grew stronger.</p>
+
+<p>And it was so big! And Captain Hawes assured them that it was even bigger
+than it looked, telling them that if they went away out there to the distant edge
+by the sky, they would still see another just as far off, and so on for many, many
+days before they would get to the other side of the ocean.</p>
+
+<p>When the winds blew high and the waves dashed against the rocks and tossed
+up the white spray, he would take them down to the beach to watch the storm,
+and see the surf roll in. Of course this was a time for rubber boots, "oilskins,"
+and "sou'westers," such as the seafaring people wear.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i020.jpg">
+<img src="images/i020_th.jpg" alt="this was a time for rubber boots" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>One day during a gale, a "nor'easter," when they could hardly stand alone,
+they saw a schooner wrecked out on the rocks. Everybody on shore was greatly
+excited. And the life-boat with its hardy crew put off to the rescue of the sailors,
+who could be seen clinging to the rigging, waiting for help. They were all saved,
+but the vessel was lost, and dashed high up against the rocks.</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i021.jpg">
+<img src="images/i021_th.jpg" alt="The wreck" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>A few days later, when the storm had passed and the sea became calm again,
+Captain Hawes rowed the children out to the rocky point to see the wreck. Here
+the stranded schooner lay firmly wedged among the rocks. Her masts were gone,
+her back was broken, and her bow splintered in pieces, rigging and tatters of
+sails hung about in confusion. And the good craft, which such a short time before
+had been sailing so proudly, was now but a worthless hulk.</p>
+
+<p>Such was often the end of a good many stout vessels, the Captain told the
+children; this was the chance of the sea. And then, once started, he told them
+long and thrilling tales of his different voyages and adventures, and the wrecks
+he had known, and been in.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i022.jpg">
+<img src="images/i022_th.jpg" alt="this was the chance of the sea" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE RIGGERS</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>This life by the sea made an endless appeal to the children's imagination, and
+offered a never-failing amount of wonderful things to see and learn about.</p>
+
+<p>"Now," said Captain Hawes one day, "we'll go over to the wharf and see the
+riggers fitting up the new ship we saw launched."</p>
+
+<p>You may be sure the children were willing. Captain Hawes, who knew everybody
+and was welcome everywhere, took them on board and showed them everything,
+from the bow to the stern. And all about the ship was so neat and well
+made it was a constant marvel to the children. High up in the rigging men were
+swarming, "reeving" on "stays" and "shrouds," and no end of "running" rigging,
+doing the most wonderful circus stunts in the most matter-of-fact way, far
+up on dizzy heights. The children fairly held their breath to watch them.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i023.jpg">
+<img src="images/i023_th.jpg" alt="Captain Hawes took them on board and showed them everything" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>Out on the yards sailors were "bending on" the new sails, the sails Bob and
+Betty had seen being made at the sail loft. The whole work seemed to them a
+wonderful confusion of lines and ropes and pulleys and tackle. Captain Hawes
+tried to explain what each rope meant and how it was used. But there were
+too many; it was all too confusing. Each rope, he told them, had its own
+name; every sailor had to know them to be able to do his work.</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i024.jpg">
+<img src="images/i024_th.jpg" alt="The riggers" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The riggers built trim little rope ladders from the rail to the crosstrees by
+lashing small "ratlines" to the heavy "shrouds." The "stays" and "shrouds,"
+of course, were to hold the great masts in place. The children wondered at it all,
+but didn't pretend to understand it, though Bob was especially interested, for
+climbing he understood, and such climbing was far ahead of anything the biggest
+boy in his school could do.</p>
+
+<p>They delighted in the cook's kitchen, the "galley." Such a compact, neat
+little room, where the most ingenious shelves and lockers were arranged, in
+which to hold everything needed in the way of dishes and pots and pans. The
+stove was chained down solidly so that no storm might upset it and cause fire,
+the cook explained.</p>
+
+<p>To Betty, the "galley" was the most interesting thing about the ship; it
+pleased her housekeeping instincts, though it did seem strange to see a sailor
+cook.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i025.jpg">
+<img src="images/i025_th.jpg" alt="They delighted in the cook's kitchen, the galley." /></a></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>WHALING</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>The city children never wearied of Captain Hawes's stories of his voyages, and
+the Captain, with such good listeners, never wearied telling of them,&mdash;a perfect
+combination.</p>
+
+<p>He told of how when a young man he used to go whaling. "Of course you
+know what whales are, big sea animals, you couldn't call them fish, often sixty
+or seventy feet long, 'as long as a big house,' huge creatures who lived
+in the northern or southern seas, though once in a while a stray one had
+been known to come into the Sound, not far from here."</p>
+
+<p>Now the children were really excited. "Oh, if only one should happen
+to come this summer!" The Captain said that would be just a chance; it
+was hardly a thing you could count on.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i026.jpg">
+<img src="images/i026_th.jpg" alt="lookouts were stationed aloft at the masthead" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>When the ship reached the far-away seas where whales were to
+be found, "lookouts" were stationed aloft at the masthead to watch
+for them. When one was sighted the lookout shouted, "There she
+blows"; for the whales have a habit of blowing up spray when they come
+to the surface to breathe, then the boats were lowered and away the
+sailors went after the whale. When they came up with him they rowed as
+close as they dared, and the harpooner in the bow of the boat hurled his harpoon
+into the big creature's side.</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i027.jpg">
+<img src="images/i027_th.jpg" alt="Whaling" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>The whale at once made a great commotion, slashing about and beating up the
+water, then diving deep down. The sailors "paid out" the rope attached to the
+harpoon as the whale went down. Sometimes they had to cut it to keep from being
+dragged under. But when this didn't happen the whale would come up after a
+while and start away dragging the boat along at a terrific speed. In time he
+would get tired and the boat would again be rowed near, and a lance thrust into
+his side until he was quite dead.</p>
+
+<p>It was all exciting and dangerous work, for sometimes the whale would attack
+the boat and splinter it to pieces with a blow of his tail, and the men, often badly
+hurt, be thrown into the sea, and sometimes lost. The dead whale was towed
+off to the ship, here he was moored to the side, and the body cut up. The great
+pieces of fat blubber "tried out," that is, melted in pots over the fire on the deck,
+and the oil run off into barrels and stowed away in the hold.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i028.jpg">
+<img src="images/i028_th.jpg" alt="the dead whale was towed off to the ship" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2><a>LOADING THE SHIP</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>Captain Hawes made the children a little toy schooner which they sailed in the
+coves along the beach. He showed them just how to "trim" the sails and set the
+rudder, so that the boat would "tack" and sail against the wind, "on the wind,"
+he called it.</p>
+
+<p>About this time they heard that the new ship, now all rigged and with all sails
+in place, had been taken to the neighboring port and was taking on her cargo for
+a long voyage. As they wanted to see the ship again, the Captain took them on
+this little journey to see the work being done at the docks.</p>
+
+<p>Loading a ship is always a strenuous and hurly-burly affair, with much bustle,
+shouting, hauling, pushing, and pulling. The children, under Patsey's lead,
+found a good point of vantage on top of some boxes, and watched the work.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i029.jpg">
+<img src="images/i029_th.jpg" alt="Captain Hawes made the children a little toy schooner" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>Busy "stevedores," who had charge, were hurrying the "longshoremen," who
+rolled barrels, and carried bags up the gangplank into the ship, to be snugly
+stowed away between decks. Bales and boxes were being hoisted over the rail,
+to be lowered through the hatches into the hold. The donkey engine buzzed, the
+mate shouted orders, and everything, to the children, seemed confusion, but it
+was orderly confusion, for the work was rapidly going ahead. The great quantity
+of goods which went aboard astonished Bob and Betty; they had never seen so
+many boxes, barrels, bales, and bags before. And yet this was only the beginning,
+for the Captain told them that even at this rate it would still take many days to
+load the ship.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i030.jpg">
+<img src="images/i030_th.jpg" alt="Loading the ship" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<p>When the first of the cargo went aboard, the vessel sat high out of the water,
+but when all should be in and stowed safely away, she would settle deep down to
+her "water line." This was where the green and black paint met. All this had
+been planned before she was built, Captain Hawes explained; the ship designer
+knew just how she should sit in the water when loaded; there was no guesswork
+about it.</p>
+
+<p>The ship was to go on an Eastern voyage. He had often been out there, away
+off in the China seas, where strange craft came about you: junks with their odd,
+high sails, their yellow sailors with "pigtails" down their backs, everything so
+different from our part of the world.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i031.jpg">
+<img src="images/i031_th.jpg" alt=" junks with their odd, high sails" /></a></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>BURNED AT SEA</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>In the evenings, as Captain Hawes sat smoking his pipe, he would tell the
+children of strange lands he had visited in his voyages, and then suggest that
+they look up these places in their geographies, and this study, which before was a
+task, took on a new interest for Bob and Betty. China and Greenland now meant
+so much more.</p>
+
+<p>Telling about Iceland and Greenland, he said that up there in those parts, where
+almost everything that wasn't snow was ice, certain animals lived which
+couldn't be found anywhere else, like the big white polar bear, and the walrus.</p>
+
+<p>"Why, we know a polar bear," Betty broke in. Why, of course, he was an old
+acquaintance. They had often seen him in Central Park.</p>
+
+<p>"Well, now, that's good," said the Captain; "now you'll remember where he
+came from. I've been up his way more than once."</p>
+
+<p>Often whalers chased the "right" whale away up there; dangerous seas to work
+in, as icebergs were plenty and the risk of striking them in the fog was great.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i032.jpg">
+<img src="images/i032_th.jpg" alt="telling about Iceland and Greenland" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i033.jpg">
+<img src="images/i033_th.jpg" alt="Burned at sea" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>But the thing which sailors dreaded most was fire at sea. This seldom happened,
+but when it did it was bad. Once his ship was burned at night among the
+icebergs. There was nothing to do but take to the boats and escape to shore,
+which luckily was near. They lost everything but the clothes they wore, and a
+small amount of provisions. And there, while they looked on, the ship went up
+in a sheet of flame, and that was the last of her. The Captain said they felt pretty
+blue and lonely out there far away from the rest of the world, with no means to
+get away but the small boats. Fortunately they soon managed to reach an
+Eskimo village. These Eskimos are the natives who live there always, short
+people, dressed all in heavy, warm furs, who build themselves snow houses, where
+in the coldest weather they keep comfortably warm. They live by hunting and
+fishing. They spear seals from their skin canoes,&mdash;"kayaks,"&mdash;and fish through
+holes in the ice. These are the people you hear the explorers tell about when they
+go on expeditions to the North Pole. Captain Hawes thought they were the
+strangest people he had ever met. As whalers often put in up in these parts, the
+Captain and his mates did not have too hard a time, and were picked up by a
+passing ship and brought home.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i034.jpg">
+<img src="images/i034_th.jpg" width="300" alt="Eskimos are the natives" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE SHIP SAILS AWAY</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>Summer was passing quickly now, and it would soon be time for the "long
+vacation" to come to an end.</p>
+
+<p>Before they had to go the Sachem&mdash;that was the name of the new ship&mdash;was
+ready to put to sea. The children had admired her "figure-head," an Indian
+chief, gilded and painted in bright colors. The ship had taken on her whole cargo,
+the hatches were closed, and everything made tight and taut for her long voyage.
+She was bound for the Far East, the Captain told them. First she would touch
+at some South American ports, then go across the ocean to Africa, stopping at
+Cape Town, and other less important ports, then around the Cape and up the
+Indian Ocean to India; then to China and Japan. With the goods she had taken
+aboard she would trade with the different ports, either selling or exchanging what
+she had for the things made or raised in those far-away countries, which she would
+bring back home to sell in our markets. This was the way, Captain Hawes
+explained, that we got many good things that we couldn't raise in our own
+country.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i035.jpg">
+<img src="images/i035_th.jpg" alt="the new ship was ready to put to sea" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>The day the ship sailed, everybody turned out to wish her a good voyage.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i036.jpg">
+<img src="images/i036_th.jpg" alt="The ship sails away" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>With all sails set she was a beautiful sight; a gentle land breeze filled her sails and
+slowly and gracefully she drew away, headed for the open sea. The steamers and
+the tugs in the bay whistled salutes.</p>
+
+<p>Captain Hawes, with a sigh, told the children that probably that was the last
+square-rigged ship they were likely to see leaving this port, as the old-style ship
+was now almost a thing of the past. The "fore-and-aft" rig was more practical
+and generally used where sailing vessels were still employed. But even they were
+all giving way before steam. Nowadays steamers, freighters, did nearly all the
+carrying trade.</p>
+
+<p>They watched the ship till far, far away, as the sun was setting, she showed as
+a small black spot on the horizon.</p>
+
+<p>And now it was time to leave Quohaug, for this summer vacation was ended.
+At home again they were just in time to see the review of the country's war fleet
+on the Hudson. This was the latest development of sea power, great, massive
+steel vessels, with no sails, driven by steam. They were grandly impressive, but
+just wait till you hear Bob and Betty tell of Quohaug and then you will know
+what ships with sails mean.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i037.jpg">
+<img src="images/i037_th.jpg" alt="Nowadays steamers, freighters, did nearly all the carrying trade." /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i038.jpg">
+<img src="images/i038_th.jpg" alt="a small black spot on the horizon" /></a></div>
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44629 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
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+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #44629 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44629)
diff --git a/old/44629-h.zip b/old/44629-h.zip
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+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
+    <title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Seashore Book: Bob and Betty's summer with Captain Hawes, by E. Boyd Smith.
+    </title>
+    <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" />
+    <style type="text/css">
+
+body {
+    margin-left: 10%;
+    margin-right: 10%;
+}
+
+    h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
+    text-align: center; /* all headings centered */
+    clear: both;
+}
+
+p {
+    margin-top: .51em;
+    text-align: justify;
+    margin-bottom: .49em;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+.pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */
+    /*  visibility: hidden;  */
+    position: absolute;
+    left: 92%;
+    font-size: smaller;
+    text-align: right;
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+
+
+
+
+
+
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+
+
+
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+
+
+
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+
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+
+/* Images */
+.figcenter   {
+    margin: auto;
+    text-align: center;
+}
+
+.ph3 { text-align: center; text-indent: 0em; font-weight: bold; }
+.ph3 { font-size: large; margin: .83em auto; }
+
+
+
+/* Footnotes */
+
+
+
+
+/* Transcriber's notes */
+.transnote {background-color: #E6E6FA;
+    color: black;
+     font-size:smaller;
+     padding:0.5em;
+     margin-bottom:5em;
+     font-family:sans-serif, serif; }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+
+
+
+<body>
+
+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Seashore Book, by E. Boyd Smith
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Seashore Book
+       Bob and Betty's Summer with Captain Hawes
+
+Author: E. Boyd Smith
+
+Illustrator: E. Boyd Smith
+
+Release Date: January 8, 2014 [EBook #44629]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE SEASHORE BOOK ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Edwards, haragos pál and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Archive)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/cover.jpg">
+<img src="images/cover_th.jpg" alt="cover" /></a></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/endpaper1.jpg">
+<img src="images/endpaper1_th.jpg" width="200" alt="endpaper" /></a>
+<a href="images/endpaper2.jpg">
+<img src="images/endpaper2_th.jpg" width="200" alt="endpaper" /></a></div>
+
+
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span>
+
+<br /><br /></p>
+
+
+<h3>By E. Boyd Smith</h3>
+
+
+<blockquote>
+
+<p>THE EARLY LIFE OF MR. MAN. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE STORY OF NOAH'S ARK. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE STORY OF POCAHONTAS AND CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE RAILROAD BOOK. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE SEASHORE BOOK. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+<p>THE FARM BOOK. Illustrated in color.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+
+<p class="center">Books specially illustrated in color by E. Boyd Smith</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+
+<p>IVANHOE. By Sir Walter Scott.</p>
+
+<p>TWO YEARS BEFORE THE MAST. By Richard Henry Dana, Jr.</p>
+
+<p>ROBINSON CRUSOE. By Daniel Defoe.<br /></p>
+
+
+
+<p class="center">HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY</p>
+
+<p class="center"> <span class="smcap">Boston and New York</span>
+<br /><br /> </p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h1>THE SEASHORE BOOK<br />
+<small>BOB AND BETTY'S SUMMER WITH<br />
+CAPTAIN HAWES</small></h1>
+
+<p class="ph3">STORY AND PICTURES BY E. BOYD SMITH<br /><br /></p>
+
+
+
+<p class="center">HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY<br /></p>
+
+<p class="center">BOSTON AND NEW YORK</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/titlepage.jpg">
+<img src="images/titlepage_th.jpg" width="400" alt="titlepage" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<p class="center">
+COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY E. BOYD SMITH<br />
+</p>
+
+<p class="center">ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, INCLUDING THE RIGHT TO REPRODUCE<br />
+THIS BOOK OR PARTS THEREOF IN ANY FORM
+<br /><br /></p>
+
+<p class="center"><i>Published September 1912</i><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p class="center">The Riverside Press<br />
+
+CAMBRIDGE MASSACHUSETTS<br />
+
+PRINTED IN THE U. S. A.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>THE SEASHORE BOOK</h2>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i001.jpg">
+<img src="images/i001_th.jpg" alt="ship" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>THE FIRST ROW</h2>
+
+
+<p>Now I will tell you how Bob and Betty spent the summer at the seashore with
+Captain Ben Hawes. Captain Hawes was an old sailor. After forty years' service
+on the high seas he had settled down ashore at Quohaug.</p>
+
+<p>Bluff and hearty, and with no end of sea yarns and stories of strange adventures,
+and of foreign ports and peoples, he was more interesting to the children
+than the most fascinating fairy book.</p>
+
+<p>His home was a little museum of odds and ends brought from different far-away
+lands, with everything arranged in shipshape order. The big green parrot,
+who could call "Ship ahoy!" "All aboard!" delighted the boy and girl. And the
+seashells, which gave the murmuring echo of the ocean when you put them to your
+ear. And the curiosities of strange sorts and shapes, from outlandish countries.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i002.jpg">
+<img src="images/i002_th.jpg" alt="little museum" /></a></div>
+
+<p>As their first day was fine and the bay smooth, Captain Hawes took the
+children out for a row in his "sharpey." How delightful it was, skimming so
+easily over the shining water. The shore, the docks, and the vessels at the
+wharves were all so interesting from this view.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg6]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i003.jpg">
+<img src="images/i003_th.jpg" alt="The first row" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>He told them all about the different craft they passed, the fishermen, the coal
+barges, the tramp steamers, how they sailed and where they went to, and now,
+finding them such good listeners, for the Captain liked to tell about ships and the
+sea, he launched forth into a general history of things connected with sea life, from
+the first men, long, long ago, who began poling about on rafts, to the coracle, and
+the dugout. The dugouts were canoes hollowed out of tree trunks.</p>
+
+<p>"Down in the South Seas the savages still make them; I've seen them many a
+time," he explained; "and of course you've heard of our Indians' birchbark
+canoes."</p>
+
+<p>By and by the use of sails had developed, and boats and ships grew bigger, and
+now the day of the steamboat had come.</p>
+
+<p>"Now, I want you to know all about boats and ships," he added; "I'll take
+you to the yards to-morrow, if it's fine, and show you how they make them, so
+that when you go back home, where they don't know much about such things,
+you can just tell them."</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i004.jpg">
+<img src="images/i004_th.jpg" alt="I want you to know all about boats and ships" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2>THE SHIPYARD</h2>
+
+
+<p>The next day Captain Ben, true to his promise, took the children around to
+Stewart's Boat Shop where a fishing-boat was being built, and showed them just
+how the frame was made, the keel, the ribs, the stem, and sternpost, and how the
+planking was laid on. How everything was made as stiff and strong as possible so
+that the boat could stand the strain of being tossed about by heavy seas.</p>
+
+<p>Bob followed it all with enthusiasm, for he was fond of carpentering and working
+with tools. He made up his mind that he would build a boat some day.</p>
+
+<p>And now the Captain, having made everything clear with this small example
+which they could readily understand, proposed a visit to the shipyard, where a
+real life-sized ship was being built.</p>
+
+<p>Here they found a busy gang of men hard at work, some with "broad axes"
+cutting down the planks to a line, "scoring" and "beating off"; others with
+"adzes" "dubbing," and even whipsawyers ripping logs.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i005.jpg">
+<img src="images/i005_th.jpg" alt="Stewart's Boat Shop" /></a></div>
+
+<p>On stagings about the great ship, which towered up as high as a house, more
+men were at work planking. The planks, hot from the steam boxes, carried
+up the "brow" staging on men's shoulders, to be clamped into place and
+bolted fast.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i006.jpg">
+<img src="images/i006_th.jpg" alt="The shipyard" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>And how big it all was! This made the children open their eyes in wonder.
+They had already seen such vessels in the water, but had never appreciated how
+huge the hulls were, almost like a block of houses, or so it seemed to them.</p>
+
+<p>Captain Hawes then showed them how this great ship was built on the same
+principle as the small boat they had just seen. And now if the children didn't
+really understand everything it wasn't the Captain's fault; the subject was
+rather a big one for beginners. But it was a great sight, and it wasn't everybody
+who had seen a ship being built, they knew that.</p>
+
+<p>On the way home they rowed past sloops with a strange contrivance
+out on the end of the bowsprit; this Captain Hawes said was called a
+"pulpit." These boats went sword-fishing, and in the pulpit a man was
+stationed with lance in hand, while aloft in the rigging a "lookout"
+sighted the fish. When the boat was near enough, the man with the lance
+stood ready, and speared the fish as it passed. He promised to show
+them these big fish the next time a catch was brought in.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i007.jpg">
+<img src="images/i007_th.jpg" alt=" These boats went sword-fishing" /></a></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2>DIGGING CLAMS</h2>
+
+
+<p>Though there were so many interesting things to see and learn by the seashore,
+it was also an ideal place for play, and just now it seemed to our boy and girl as
+though nothing else could compare with it.</p>
+
+<p>Clam-digging was such sport. Captain Hawes took them down at low tide to
+the soft mud and showed them how to dig the clams. And then the fun of roasting
+them in the driftwood fire, and the picnic clam-bakes, with the delicious
+chowder!</p>
+
+<p>It was here the children met a future playmate, Patsey Quinn. Captain Hawes
+jokingly called him a little water-rat, for Patsey had been brought up along the
+shore and knew all about things. He proved to be a most valuable companion to
+Bob and Betty, and the Captain could trust him to look after them, for of
+course he knew just what was safe and what wasn't.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i008.jpg">
+<img src="images/i008_th.jpg" alt="a most valuable companion to Bob and Betty" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i009.jpg">
+<img src="images/i009_th.jpg" alt="Digging claims" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span><br /></p>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>He took them on many expeditions along the beach, knew just where the
+best clams and mussels were to be found, and where the crabs lived, and how
+to catch them. Wading among the seaweed-covered rocks they had lively times,
+occasionally getting their toes or fingers nipped, for crabs object to being caught.</p>
+
+<p>Patsey taught his new friends how to fish, though they never got to be as good
+fishermen as he was. They seemed to catch more sculpins than anything else,
+and though sculpins were wonderful looking creatures they were not, Patsey
+explained, very good eating; flounders and eels were better. But Betty was
+afraid of eels. They squirmed so.</p>
+
+<p>The seaweeds and shells interested the children, and the many-colored pebbles,
+so nice and round, from being rolled by the sea, Patsey knowingly explained.</p>
+
+<p>He showed them how to throw flat stones along the surface of the water, until
+they, too, could make them skip a number of times before sinking.</p>
+
+<p>There was no end to the variety of amusements; every day seemed to bring
+forth new ones, and the sunburned, healthy children enjoyed it all to the full.</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i010.jpg">
+<img src="images/i010_th.jpg" alt=" children enjoyed it all to the full" /></a></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE SAIL LOFT</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>Nights, especially dark nights, the children watched with unfailing interest
+the great flash-light from the lighthouse out on the point. Captain Hawes had
+explained the uses of lighthouses, how they showed the way to ships at night, like
+signs on street corners or crossroads, and also warned them to keep away from the
+rocks. One day he rowed them out, and the light-keeper took them up in the
+tower and proudly showed them the powerful lamp with its complicated reflectors,
+and explained it all. Betty admired the bright, shining appearance of
+things, and was surprised to learn that the man himself looked after all this: she
+had thought that only a housekeeper could keep up such a polish.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i011.jpg">
+<img src="images/i011_th.jpg" alt="lighthouse" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>Another time Captain Hawes took the children to Barry's sail loft, where the
+sails for the new ship were being made. He had already told them something
+about sailmaking, but knew they would understand better by seeing the real
+things. The sail loft, like everything connected with ships, proved interesting,&mdash;the
+broad clean floor, the men on their low benches sewing
+the seams of the heavy canvas, forcing the needles through
+with the stout leather "palms," instead of thimbles. And all their neat tools, the
+"heavers," "stickers," "fids," "grummet stamps," and such odd-named things.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i012.jpg">
+<img src="images/i012_th.jpg" alt=" The sail loft" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>On the wall in one corner of the loft was a varied collection of bright "clew
+irons" and "rings," "thimbles" and "cringles," which aroused the children's
+curiosity. These, it was explained, were to be sewed into the corners of the sails
+to hold the ropes for rigging. Here and there compact, heavy rolls of canvas,
+sails completed, were lying by, ready to be taken away and rigged to the tall
+masts and broad yards of the ship; sails which later would look so light and graceful
+when carrying the ship along.</p>
+
+<p>The summer days were passing quickly to the children, and Captain Hawes
+insisted that they must hurry and learn to swim, and with Patsey's help they
+were at it daily. After the first cautious wadings and splashing they enjoyed it
+immensely, and before the summer was really over they had learned to keep
+their heads above water: not to swim far, that would come with time and greater
+strength, but they had made a beginning, and felt justly proud of the accomplishment.</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i013.jpg">
+<img src="images/i013_th.jpg" alt="they had learned to keep their heads above water" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE LOG BOOM</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>The two children, under the Captain's instruction, learned to row, after a
+fashion, though the oars of the sharpey were rather heavy for them, and sometimes
+would catch in the water with disconcerting results. The Captain called it
+"catching a crab." But it was all great fun, in spite of this.</p>
+
+<p>Often Captain Hawes took them sailing in his catboat, the Mary Ann, and one
+day ran up close to the log "boom" which belonged to the shipyard, and showed
+them where the lumber came from, for the building of the ship. He explained how
+it had been cut far up in the back forests and rafted down the rivers to the sea.
+The great raft was now held in place by a frame of logs outside the others fastened
+together with "dogs" and chains. Here the children saw the men picking
+out the special logs they needed, and doing various stunts, paddling and balancing
+with boathooks. Some would even paddle off to the shipyard on a log, balancing
+much like a tight-rope walker. But once in a while accidents would happen,
+and they would get more than wet feet, to the great glee of their comrades.</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i014.jpg">
+<img src="images/i014_th.jpg" alt="Captain Hawes took them sailing in his catboat" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i015.jpg">
+<img src="images/i015_th.jpg" alt="The log boom" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>When the logs reached the shipyard they were sawed into planks by the
+"whipsawyers," or the machine saws, cut into shape, as they had already seen,
+by axes and adzes, and fitted to their places in the building of the ship.</p>
+
+<p>You may be sure the children had to try this game of logging, and they built
+themselves a raft, of loose boards lying along the beach, and while Betty was the
+passenger Bob vigorously poled his raft about in the shallows. Patsey Quinn,
+more ambitious, and used to frequent wettings, boldly imitated the log-men in
+their balancing feats, not without coming to grief occasionally, though it worried
+him but little; being in the water to him was much the same as being out
+of it.</p>
+
+<p>These were busy, happy days for the children; there was always plenty to see or
+do. Patsey was curious to know about the things of the city, but Bob and Betty
+felt perfectly sure, at least just now, that the seashore was a much more interesting
+place.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i016.jpg">
+<img src="images/i016_th.jpg" alt="they built themselves a raft" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE LAUNCHING</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>The children were always hearing about lobster fishing, for that was an important
+industry at Quohaug, so Captain Hawes took them out in his boat to see
+the fishermen at work hauling in their traps. The fishing-beds were dotted with
+little buoys, each fisherman having his own, with his private mark. To each buoy
+a trap was attached by a long line. Down on the bottom the lobsters would
+crawl into the traps after the bait, and then could not get out.</p>
+
+<p>But Bob and Betty were disappointed to find these lobsters as they came out
+of the water a dull green instead of the beautiful bright red they expected. Captain
+Hawes explained that they would come out red after they were boiled.</p>
+
+<p>To-day was the day set for the launching of one of the new ships the children
+had seen almost finished in the shipyard on their first visit. High tide was the
+time set, and the whole village turned out to see the event. Captain Hawes had
+told them that they would soon see the ship floating out in the bay; but this was
+hard to believe; how would it be possible to move that big mass? "Just you
+wait and you'll see," the Captain assured them.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i017.jpg">
+<img src="images/i017_th.jpg" alt=" lobster fishing" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i018.jpg">
+<img src="images/i018_th.jpg" alt="The launching" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>At the yard everybody was eager and excited. Captain Hawes put the children
+up on a tall wooden "horse" where they could get a good view.</p>
+
+<p>The ship, all decked with gay, fluttering flags, had been wedged into her
+"cradle." The ways down which she was to slide were well greased, and the
+builder was waiting for the tide to be at its highest.</p>
+
+<p>At last the moment had come. The signal was given. Busy workmen with
+sledges, under the ship struck blow on blow, setting up the lifting wedges, and
+knocking away the few remaining props; then scampered back out of danger.</p>
+
+<p>Slowly at first, the great ship "came to life," then began to move. Slowly but
+steadily gaining speed, she began to slide down the ways. Fast and faster, gaining
+momentum, she rushed, as though really alive, gracefully sliding, into the
+sea. Then sped far out into the deep water, where she floated on an even keel.
+From being a mass of planks and beams she now seemed to be a great living
+creature, and the lookers-on cheered her and waved their hats, as she proudly
+took her place on the sea, where she would pass the rest of her life. Bob and
+Betty were so impressed that even the yacht race they saw that afternoon,
+though a fine sight, seemed tame after the launching.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i019.jpg">
+<img src="images/i019_th.jpg" alt="the yacht race" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE WRECK</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>To the children the restless sea with its many changes was a new sight. One
+day it would be flat and calm and shiny, like a big mirror. Again quickly changing
+with a breeze to blues of various shades. Again it would be broken with
+white-caps and spray, as the wind grew stronger.</p>
+
+<p>And it was so big! And Captain Hawes assured them that it was even bigger
+than it looked, telling them that if they went away out there to the distant edge
+by the sky, they would still see another just as far off, and so on for many, many
+days before they would get to the other side of the ocean.</p>
+
+<p>When the winds blew high and the waves dashed against the rocks and tossed
+up the white spray, he would take them down to the beach to watch the storm,
+and see the surf roll in. Of course this was a time for rubber boots, "oilskins,"
+and "sou'westers," such as the seafaring people wear.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i020.jpg">
+<img src="images/i020_th.jpg" alt="this was a time for rubber boots" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>One day during a gale, a "nor'easter," when they could hardly stand alone,
+they saw a schooner wrecked out on the rocks. Everybody on shore was greatly
+excited. And the life-boat with its hardy crew put off to the rescue of the sailors,
+who could be seen clinging to the rigging, waiting for help. They were all saved,
+but the vessel was lost, and dashed high up against the rocks.</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i021.jpg">
+<img src="images/i021_th.jpg" alt="The wreck" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>A few days later, when the storm had passed and the sea became calm again,
+Captain Hawes rowed the children out to the rocky point to see the wreck. Here
+the stranded schooner lay firmly wedged among the rocks. Her masts were gone,
+her back was broken, and her bow splintered in pieces, rigging and tatters of
+sails hung about in confusion. And the good craft, which such a short time before
+had been sailing so proudly, was now but a worthless hulk.</p>
+
+<p>Such was often the end of a good many stout vessels, the Captain told the
+children; this was the chance of the sea. And then, once started, he told them
+long and thrilling tales of his different voyages and adventures, and the wrecks
+he had known, and been in.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i022.jpg">
+<img src="images/i022_th.jpg" alt="this was the chance of the sea" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE RIGGERS</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>This life by the sea made an endless appeal to the children's imagination, and
+offered a never-failing amount of wonderful things to see and learn about.</p>
+
+<p>"Now," said Captain Hawes one day, "we'll go over to the wharf and see the
+riggers fitting up the new ship we saw launched."</p>
+
+<p>You may be sure the children were willing. Captain Hawes, who knew everybody
+and was welcome everywhere, took them on board and showed them everything,
+from the bow to the stern. And all about the ship was so neat and well
+made it was a constant marvel to the children. High up in the rigging men were
+swarming, "reeving" on "stays" and "shrouds," and no end of "running" rigging,
+doing the most wonderful circus stunts in the most matter-of-fact way, far
+up on dizzy heights. The children fairly held their breath to watch them.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i023.jpg">
+<img src="images/i023_th.jpg" alt="Captain Hawes took them on board and showed them everything" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>Out on the yards sailors were "bending on" the new sails, the sails Bob and
+Betty had seen being made at the sail loft. The whole work seemed to them a
+wonderful confusion of lines and ropes and pulleys and tackle. Captain Hawes
+tried to explain what each rope meant and how it was used. But there were
+too many; it was all too confusing. Each rope, he told them, had its own
+name; every sailor had to know them to be able to do his work.</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i024.jpg">
+<img src="images/i024_th.jpg" alt="The riggers" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The riggers built trim little rope ladders from the rail to the crosstrees by
+lashing small "ratlines" to the heavy "shrouds." The "stays" and "shrouds,"
+of course, were to hold the great masts in place. The children wondered at it all,
+but didn't pretend to understand it, though Bob was especially interested, for
+climbing he understood, and such climbing was far ahead of anything the biggest
+boy in his school could do.</p>
+
+<p>They delighted in the cook's kitchen, the "galley." Such a compact, neat
+little room, where the most ingenious shelves and lockers were arranged, in
+which to hold everything needed in the way of dishes and pots and pans. The
+stove was chained down solidly so that no storm might upset it and cause fire,
+the cook explained.</p>
+
+<p>To Betty, the "galley" was the most interesting thing about the ship; it
+pleased her housekeeping instincts, though it did seem strange to see a sailor
+cook.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i025.jpg">
+<img src="images/i025_th.jpg" alt="They delighted in the cook's kitchen, the galley." /></a></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>WHALING</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>The city children never wearied of Captain Hawes's stories of his voyages, and
+the Captain, with such good listeners, never wearied telling of them,&mdash;a perfect
+combination.</p>
+
+<p>He told of how when a young man he used to go whaling. "Of course you
+know what whales are, big sea animals, you couldn't call them fish, often sixty
+or seventy feet long, 'as long as a big house,' huge creatures who lived
+in the northern or southern seas, though once in a while a stray one had
+been known to come into the Sound, not far from here."</p>
+
+<p>Now the children were really excited. "Oh, if only one should happen
+to come this summer!" The Captain said that would be just a chance; it
+was hardly a thing you could count on.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i026.jpg">
+<img src="images/i026_th.jpg" alt="lookouts were stationed aloft at the masthead" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>When the ship reached the far-away seas where whales were to
+be found, "lookouts" were stationed aloft at the masthead to watch
+for them. When one was sighted the lookout shouted, "There she
+blows"; for the whales have a habit of blowing up spray when they come
+to the surface to breathe, then the boats were lowered and away the
+sailors went after the whale. When they came up with him they rowed as
+close as they dared, and the harpooner in the bow of the boat hurled his harpoon
+into the big creature's side.</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i027.jpg">
+<img src="images/i027_th.jpg" alt="Whaling" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>The whale at once made a great commotion, slashing about and beating up the
+water, then diving deep down. The sailors "paid out" the rope attached to the
+harpoon as the whale went down. Sometimes they had to cut it to keep from being
+dragged under. But when this didn't happen the whale would come up after a
+while and start away dragging the boat along at a terrific speed. In time he
+would get tired and the boat would again be rowed near, and a lance thrust into
+his side until he was quite dead.</p>
+
+<p>It was all exciting and dangerous work, for sometimes the whale would attack
+the boat and splinter it to pieces with a blow of his tail, and the men, often badly
+hurt, be thrown into the sea, and sometimes lost. The dead whale was towed
+off to the ship, here he was moored to the side, and the body cut up. The great
+pieces of fat blubber "tried out," that is, melted in pots over the fire on the deck,
+and the oil run off into barrels and stowed away in the hold.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i028.jpg">
+<img src="images/i028_th.jpg" alt="the dead whale was towed off to the ship" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2><a>LOADING THE SHIP</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>Captain Hawes made the children a little toy schooner which they sailed in the
+coves along the beach. He showed them just how to "trim" the sails and set the
+rudder, so that the boat would "tack" and sail against the wind, "on the wind,"
+he called it.</p>
+
+<p>About this time they heard that the new ship, now all rigged and with all sails
+in place, had been taken to the neighboring port and was taking on her cargo for
+a long voyage. As they wanted to see the ship again, the Captain took them on
+this little journey to see the work being done at the docks.</p>
+
+<p>Loading a ship is always a strenuous and hurly-burly affair, with much bustle,
+shouting, hauling, pushing, and pulling. The children, under Patsey's lead,
+found a good point of vantage on top of some boxes, and watched the work.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i029.jpg">
+<img src="images/i029_th.jpg" alt="Captain Hawes made the children a little toy schooner" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>Busy "stevedores," who had charge, were hurrying the "longshoremen," who
+rolled barrels, and carried bags up the gangplank into the ship, to be snugly
+stowed away between decks. Bales and boxes were being hoisted over the rail,
+to be lowered through the hatches into the hold. The donkey engine buzzed, the
+mate shouted orders, and everything, to the children, seemed confusion, but it
+was orderly confusion, for the work was rapidly going ahead. The great quantity
+of goods which went aboard astonished Bob and Betty; they had never seen so
+many boxes, barrels, bales, and bags before. And yet this was only the beginning,
+for the Captain told them that even at this rate it would still take many days to
+load the ship.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i030.jpg">
+<img src="images/i030_th.jpg" alt="Loading the ship" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<p>When the first of the cargo went aboard, the vessel sat high out of the water,
+but when all should be in and stowed safely away, she would settle deep down to
+her "water line." This was where the green and black paint met. All this had
+been planned before she was built, Captain Hawes explained; the ship designer
+knew just how she should sit in the water when loaded; there was no guesswork
+about it.</p>
+
+<p>The ship was to go on an Eastern voyage. He had often been out there, away
+off in the China seas, where strange craft came about you: junks with their odd,
+high sails, their yellow sailors with "pigtails" down their backs, everything so
+different from our part of the world.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i031.jpg">
+<img src="images/i031_th.jpg" alt=" junks with their odd, high sails" /></a></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>BURNED AT SEA</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>In the evenings, as Captain Hawes sat smoking his pipe, he would tell the
+children of strange lands he had visited in his voyages, and then suggest that
+they look up these places in their geographies, and this study, which before was a
+task, took on a new interest for Bob and Betty. China and Greenland now meant
+so much more.</p>
+
+<p>Telling about Iceland and Greenland, he said that up there in those parts, where
+almost everything that wasn't snow was ice, certain animals lived which
+couldn't be found anywhere else, like the big white polar bear, and the walrus.</p>
+
+<p>"Why, we know a polar bear," Betty broke in. Why, of course, he was an old
+acquaintance. They had often seen him in Central Park.</p>
+
+<p>"Well, now, that's good," said the Captain; "now you'll remember where he
+came from. I've been up his way more than once."</p>
+
+<p>Often whalers chased the "right" whale away up there; dangerous seas to work
+in, as icebergs were plenty and the risk of striking them in the fog was great.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i032.jpg">
+<img src="images/i032_th.jpg" alt="telling about Iceland and Greenland" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i033.jpg">
+<img src="images/i033_th.jpg" alt="Burned at sea" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>But the thing which sailors dreaded most was fire at sea. This seldom happened,
+but when it did it was bad. Once his ship was burned at night among the
+icebergs. There was nothing to do but take to the boats and escape to shore,
+which luckily was near. They lost everything but the clothes they wore, and a
+small amount of provisions. And there, while they looked on, the ship went up
+in a sheet of flame, and that was the last of her. The Captain said they felt pretty
+blue and lonely out there far away from the rest of the world, with no means to
+get away but the small boats. Fortunately they soon managed to reach an
+Eskimo village. These Eskimos are the natives who live there always, short
+people, dressed all in heavy, warm furs, who build themselves snow houses, where
+in the coldest weather they keep comfortably warm. They live by hunting and
+fishing. They spear seals from their skin canoes,&mdash;"kayaks,"&mdash;and fish through
+holes in the ice. These are the people you hear the explorers tell about when they
+go on expeditions to the North Pole. Captain Hawes thought they were the
+strangest people he had ever met. As whalers often put in up in these parts, the
+Captain and his mates did not have too hard a time, and were picked up by a
+passing ship and brought home.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i034.jpg">
+<img src="images/i034_th.jpg" width="300" alt="Eskimos are the natives" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><br /><br /><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a>THE SHIP SAILS AWAY</a></h2>
+
+
+<p>Summer was passing quickly now, and it would soon be time for the "long
+vacation" to come to an end.</p>
+
+<p>Before they had to go the Sachem&mdash;that was the name of the new ship&mdash;was
+ready to put to sea. The children had admired her "figure-head," an Indian
+chief, gilded and painted in bright colors. The ship had taken on her whole cargo,
+the hatches were closed, and everything made tight and taut for her long voyage.
+She was bound for the Far East, the Captain told them. First she would touch
+at some South American ports, then go across the ocean to Africa, stopping at
+Cape Town, and other less important ports, then around the Cape and up the
+Indian Ocean to India; then to China and Japan. With the goods she had taken
+aboard she would trade with the different ports, either selling or exchanging what
+she had for the things made or raised in those far-away countries, which she would
+bring back home to sell in our markets. This was the way, Captain Hawes
+explained, that we got many good things that we couldn't raise in our own
+country.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i035.jpg">
+<img src="images/i035_th.jpg" alt="the new ship was ready to put to sea" /></a></div>
+
+
+<p>The day the ship sailed, everybody turned out to wish her a good voyage.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i036.jpg">
+<img src="images/i036_th.jpg" alt="The ship sails away" /></a></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p>With all sails set she was a beautiful sight; a gentle land breeze filled her sails and
+slowly and gracefully she drew away, headed for the open sea. The steamers and
+the tugs in the bay whistled salutes.</p>
+
+<p>Captain Hawes, with a sigh, told the children that probably that was the last
+square-rigged ship they were likely to see leaving this port, as the old-style ship
+was now almost a thing of the past. The "fore-and-aft" rig was more practical
+and generally used where sailing vessels were still employed. But even they were
+all giving way before steam. Nowadays steamers, freighters, did nearly all the
+carrying trade.</p>
+
+<p>They watched the ship till far, far away, as the sun was setting, she showed as
+a small black spot on the horizon.</p>
+
+<p>And now it was time to leave Quohaug, for this summer vacation was ended.
+At home again they were just in time to see the review of the country's war fleet
+on the Hudson. This was the latest development of sea power, great, massive
+steel vessels, with no sails, driven by steam. They were grandly impressive, but
+just wait till you hear Bob and Betty tell of Quohaug and then you will know
+what ships with sails mean.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i037.jpg">
+<img src="images/i037_th.jpg" alt="Nowadays steamers, freighters, did nearly all the carrying trade." /></a></div>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="images/i038.jpg">
+<img src="images/i038_th.jpg" alt="a small black spot on the horizon" /></a></div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Seashore Book, by E. Boyd Smith
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+</body>
+</html>
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Seashore Book, by E. Boyd Smith
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Seashore Book
+       Bob and Betty's Summer with Captain Hawes
+
+Author: E. Boyd Smith
+
+Illustrator: E. Boyd Smith
+
+Release Date: January 8, 2014 [EBook #44629]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE SEASHORE BOOK ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Edwards, haragos pál and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Archive)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                          =By E. Boyd Smith=
+
+
+    THE EARLY LIFE OF MR. MAN. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE STORY OF NOAH'S ARK. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE STORY OF POCAHONTAS AND CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE RAILROAD BOOK. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE SEASHORE BOOK. Illustrated in color.
+
+    THE FARM BOOK. Illustrated in color.
+
+
+         Books specially illustrated in color by E. Boyd Smith
+
+    IVANHOE. By Sir Walter Scott.
+
+    TWO YEARS BEFORE THE MAST. By Richard Henry Dana, Jr.
+
+    ROBINSON CRUSOE. By Daniel Defoe.
+
+
+                       HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
+
+                          BOSTON AND NEW YORK
+
+
+
+
+                           THE SEASHORE BOOK
+
+                      BOB AND BETTY'S SUMMER WITH
+                             CAPTAIN HAWES
+
+                  STORY AND PICTURES BY E. BOYD SMITH
+
+                       HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
+
+                          BOSTON AND NEW YORK
+
+
+                            [Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                   COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY E. BOYD SMITH
+
+         ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, INCLUDING THE RIGHT TO REPRODUCE
+
+                THIS BOOK OR PARTS THEREOF IN ANY FORM
+
+                      _Published September 1912_
+
+
+                          The Riverside Press
+
+                        CAMBRIDGE MASSACHUSETTS
+
+                        PRINTED IN THE U. S. A.
+
+
+
+
+                           THE SEASHORE BOOK
+
+                            [Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE FIRST ROW
+
+
+Now I will tell you how Bob and Betty spent the summer at the seashore
+with Captain Ben Hawes. Captain Hawes was an old sailor. After forty
+years' service on the high seas he had settled down ashore at Quohaug.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Bluff and hearty, and with no end of sea yarns and stories of strange
+adventures, and of foreign ports and peoples, he was more interesting
+to the children than the most fascinating fairy book.
+
+His home was a little museum of odds and ends brought from different
+far-away lands, with everything arranged in shipshape order. The big
+green parrot, who could call "Ship ahoy!" "All aboard!" delighted the
+boy and girl. And the seashells, which gave the murmuring echo of the
+ocean when you put them to your ear. And the curiosities of strange
+sorts and shapes, from outlandish countries.
+
+As their first day was fine and the bay smooth, Captain Hawes took
+the children out for a row in his "sharpey." How delightful it was,
+skimming so easily over the shining water. The shore, the docks, and
+the vessels at the wharves were all so interesting from this view.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+He told them all about the different craft they passed, the fishermen,
+the coal barges, the tramp steamers, how they sailed and where they
+went to, and now, finding them such good listeners, for the Captain
+liked to tell about ships and the sea, he launched forth into a general
+history of things connected with sea life, from the first men, long,
+long ago, who began poling about on rafts, to the coracle, and the
+dugout. The dugouts were canoes hollowed out of tree trunks.
+
+"Down in the South Seas the savages still make them; I've seen them
+many a time," he explained; "and of course you've heard of our Indians'
+birchbark canoes."
+
+By and by the use of sails had developed, and boats and ships grew
+bigger, and now the day of the steamboat had come.
+
+"Now, I want you to know all about boats and ships," he added; "I'll
+take you to the yards to-morrow, if it's fine, and show you how they
+make them, so that when you go back home, where they don't know much
+about such things, you can just tell them."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE SHIPYARD
+
+
+The next day Captain Ben, true to his promise, took the children around
+to Stewart's Boat Shop where a fishing-boat was being built, and showed
+them just how the frame was made, the keel, the ribs, the stem, and
+sternpost, and how the planking was laid on. How everything was made as
+stiff and strong as possible so that the boat could stand the strain of
+being tossed about by heavy seas.
+
+Bob followed it all with enthusiasm, for he was fond of carpentering
+and working with tools. He made up his mind that he would build a boat
+some day.
+
+And now the Captain, having made everything clear with this small
+example which they could readily understand, proposed a visit to the
+shipyard, where a real life-sized ship was being built.
+
+Here they found a busy gang of men hard at work, some with "broad axes"
+cutting down the planks to a line, "scoring" and "beating off"; others
+with "adzes" "dubbing," and even whipsawyers ripping logs.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+On stagings about the great ship, which towered up as high as a house,
+more men were at work planking. The planks, hot from the steam boxes,
+carried up the "brow" staging on men's shoulders, to be clamped into
+place and bolted fast.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+And how big it all was! This made the children open their eyes in
+wonder. They had already seen such vessels in the water, but had never
+appreciated how huge the hulls were, almost like a block of houses, or
+so it seemed to them.
+
+Captain Hawes then showed them how this great ship was built on the
+same principle as the small boat they had just seen. And now if the
+children didn't really understand everything it wasn't the Captain's
+fault; the subject was rather a big one for beginners. But it was a
+great sight, and it wasn't everybody who had seen a ship being built,
+they knew that.
+
+On the way home they rowed past sloops with a strange contrivance
+out on the end of the bowsprit; this Captain Hawes said was called a
+"pulpit." These boats went sword-fishing, and in the pulpit a man was
+stationed with lance in hand, while aloft in the rigging a "lookout"
+sighted the fish. When the boat was near enough, the man with the lance
+stood ready, and speared the fish as it passed. He promised to show
+them these big fish the next time a catch was brought in.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             DIGGING CLAMS
+
+
+Though there were so many interesting things to see and learn by the
+seashore, it was also an ideal place for play, and just now it seemed
+to our boy and girl as though nothing else could compare with it.
+
+Clam-digging was such sport. Captain Hawes took them down at low tide
+to the soft mud and showed them how to dig the clams. And then the fun
+of roasting them in the driftwood fire, and the picnic clam-bakes, with
+the delicious chowder!
+
+It was here the children met a future playmate, Patsey Quinn. Captain
+Hawes jokingly called him a little water-rat, for Patsey had been
+brought up along the shore and knew all about things. He proved to be a
+most valuable companion to Bob and Betty, and the Captain could trust
+him to look after them, for of course he knew just what was safe and
+what wasn't.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+He took them on many expeditions along the beach, knew just where the
+best clams and mussels were to be found, and where the crabs lived,
+and how to catch them. Wading among the seaweed-covered rocks they had
+lively times, occasionally getting their toes or fingers nipped, for
+crabs object to being caught.
+
+Patsey taught his new friends how to fish, though they never got to be
+as good fishermen as he was. They seemed to catch more sculpins than
+anything else, and though sculpins were wonderful looking creatures
+they were not, Patsey explained, very good eating; flounders and eels
+were better. But Betty was afraid of eels. They squirmed so.
+
+The seaweeds and shells interested the children, and the many-colored
+pebbles, so nice and round, from being rolled by the sea, Patsey
+knowingly explained.
+
+He showed them how to throw flat stones along the surface of the water,
+until they, too, could make them skip a number of times before sinking.
+
+There was no end to the variety of amusements; every day seemed to
+bring forth new ones, and the sunburned, healthy children enjoyed it
+all to the full.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE SAIL LOFT
+
+
+Nights, especially dark nights, the children watched with unfailing
+interest the great flash-light from the lighthouse out on the point.
+Captain Hawes had explained the uses of lighthouses, how they showed
+the way to ships at night, like signs on street corners or crossroads,
+and also warned them to keep away from the rocks. One day he rowed them
+out, and the light-keeper took them up in the tower and proudly showed
+them the powerful lamp with its complicated reflectors, and explained
+it all. Betty admired the bright, shining appearance of things, and was
+surprised to learn that the man himself looked after all this: she had
+thought that only a housekeeper could keep up such a polish.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Another time Captain Hawes took the children to Barry's sail loft,
+where the sails for the new ship were being made. He had already told
+them something about sailmaking, but knew they would understand better
+by seeing the real things. The sail loft, like everything connected
+with ships, proved interesting,--the broad clean floor, the men on
+their low benches sewing the seams of the heavy canvas, forcing the
+needles through with the stout leather "palms," instead of thimbles.
+And all their neat tools, the "heavers," "stickers," "fids," "grummet
+stamps," and such odd-named things.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+On the wall in one corner of the loft was a varied collection of bright
+"clew irons" and "rings," "thimbles" and "cringles," which aroused the
+children's curiosity. These, it was explained, were to be sewed into
+the corners of the sails to hold the ropes for rigging. Here and there
+compact, heavy rolls of canvas, sails completed, were lying by, ready
+to be taken away and rigged to the tall masts and broad yards of the
+ship; sails which later would look so light and graceful when carrying
+the ship along.
+
+The summer days were passing quickly to the children, and Captain Hawes
+insisted that they must hurry and learn to swim, and with Patsey's help
+they were at it daily. After the first cautious wadings and splashing
+they enjoyed it immensely, and before the summer was really over
+they had learned to keep their heads above water: not to swim far,
+that would come with time and greater strength, but they had made a
+beginning, and felt justly proud of the accomplishment.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE LOG BOOM
+
+
+The two children, under the Captain's instruction, learned to row,
+after a fashion, though the oars of the sharpey were rather heavy
+for them, and sometimes would catch in the water with disconcerting
+results. The Captain called it "catching a crab." But it was all great
+fun, in spite of this.
+
+Often Captain Hawes took them sailing in his catboat, the Mary Ann, and
+one day ran up close to the log "boom" which belonged to the shipyard,
+and showed them where the lumber came from, for the building of the
+ship. He explained how it had been cut far up in the back forests and
+rafted down the rivers to the sea. The great raft was now held in place
+by a frame of logs outside the others fastened together with "dogs"
+and chains. Here the children saw the men picking out the special
+logs they needed, and doing various stunts, paddling and balancing
+with boathooks. Some would even paddle off to the shipyard on a log,
+balancing much like a tight-rope walker. But once in a while accidents
+would happen, and they would get more than wet feet, to the great glee
+of their comrades.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the logs reached the shipyard they were sawed into planks by the
+"whipsawyers," or the machine saws, cut into shape, as they had already
+seen, by axes and adzes, and fitted to their places in the building of
+the ship.
+
+You may be sure the children had to try this game of logging, and
+they built themselves a raft, of loose boards lying along the beach,
+and while Betty was the passenger Bob vigorously poled his raft about
+in the shallows. Patsey Quinn, more ambitious, and used to frequent
+wettings, boldly imitated the log-men in their balancing feats, not
+without coming to grief occasionally, though it worried him but little;
+being in the water to him was much the same as being out of it.
+
+These were busy, happy days for the children; there was always plenty
+to see or do. Patsey was curious to know about the things of the city,
+but Bob and Betty felt perfectly sure, at least just now, that the
+seashore was a much more interesting place.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             THE LAUNCHING
+
+
+The children were always hearing about lobster fishing, for that was
+an important industry at Quohaug, so Captain Hawes took them out in
+his boat to see the fishermen at work hauling in their traps. The
+fishing-beds were dotted with little buoys, each fisherman having his
+own, with his private mark. To each buoy a trap was attached by a long
+line. Down on the bottom the lobsters would crawl into the traps after
+the bait, and then could not get out.
+
+But Bob and Betty were disappointed to find these lobsters as they came
+out of the water a dull green instead of the beautiful bright red they
+expected. Captain Hawes explained that they would come out red after
+they were boiled.
+
+To-day was the day set for the launching of one of the new ships the
+children had seen almost finished in the shipyard on their first visit.
+High tide was the time set, and the whole village turned out to see the
+event. Captain Hawes had told them that they would soon see the ship
+floating out in the bay; but this was hard to believe; how would it be
+possible to move that big mass? "Just you wait and you'll see," the
+Captain assured them.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+At the yard everybody was eager and excited. Captain Hawes put the
+children up on a tall wooden "horse" where they could get a good view.
+
+The ship, all decked with gay, fluttering flags, had been wedged into
+her "cradle." The ways down which she was to slide were well greased,
+and the builder was waiting for the tide to be at its highest.
+
+At last the moment had come. The signal was given. Busy workmen with
+sledges, under the ship struck blow on blow, setting up the lifting
+wedges, and knocking away the few remaining props; then scampered back
+out of danger.
+
+Slowly at first, the great ship "came to life," then began to move.
+Slowly but steadily gaining speed, she began to slide down the ways.
+Fast and faster, gaining momentum, she rushed, as though really
+alive, gracefully sliding, into the sea. Then sped far out into the
+deep water, where she floated on an even keel. From being a mass of
+planks and beams she now seemed to be a great living creature, and
+the lookers-on cheered her and waved their hats, as she proudly took
+her place on the sea, where she would pass the rest of her life. Bob
+and Betty were so impressed that even the yacht race they saw that
+afternoon, though a fine sight, seemed tame after the launching.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                               THE WRECK
+
+
+To the children the restless sea with its many changes was a new sight.
+One day it would be flat and calm and shiny, like a big mirror. Again
+quickly changing with a breeze to blues of various shades. Again it
+would be broken with white-caps and spray, as the wind grew stronger.
+
+And it was so big! And Captain Hawes assured them that it was even
+bigger than it looked, telling them that if they went away out there to
+the distant edge by the sky, they would still see another just as far
+off, and so on for many, many days before they would get to the other
+side of the ocean.
+
+When the winds blew high and the waves dashed against the rocks and
+tossed up the white spray, he would take them down to the beach to
+watch the storm, and see the surf roll in. Of course this was a time
+for rubber boots, "oilskins," and "sou'westers," such as the seafaring
+people wear.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+One day during a gale, a "nor'easter," when they could hardly stand
+alone, they saw a schooner wrecked out on the rocks. Everybody on
+shore was greatly excited. And the life-boat with its hardy crew
+put off to the rescue of the sailors, who could be seen clinging to
+the rigging, waiting for help. They were all saved, but the vessel was
+lost, and dashed high up against the rocks.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+A few days later, when the storm had passed and the sea became calm
+again, Captain Hawes rowed the children out to the rocky point to see
+the wreck. Here the stranded schooner lay firmly wedged among the
+rocks. Her masts were gone, her back was broken, and her bow splintered
+in pieces, rigging and tatters of sails hung about in confusion. And
+the good craft, which such a short time before had been sailing so
+proudly, was now but a worthless hulk.
+
+Such was often the end of a good many stout vessels, the Captain told
+the children; this was the chance of the sea. And then, once started,
+he told them long and thrilling tales of his different voyages and
+adventures, and the wrecks he had known, and been in.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                              THE RIGGERS
+
+
+This life by the sea made an endless appeal to the children's
+imagination, and offered a never-failing amount of wonderful things to
+see and learn about.
+
+"Now," said Captain Hawes one day, "we'll go over to the wharf and see
+the riggers fitting up the new ship we saw launched."
+
+You may be sure the children were willing. Captain Hawes, who knew
+everybody and was welcome everywhere, took them on board and showed
+them everything, from the bow to the stern. And all about the ship was
+so neat and well made it was a constant marvel to the children. High up
+in the rigging men were swarming, "reeving" on "stays" and "shrouds,"
+and no end of "running" rigging, doing the most wonderful circus stunts
+in the most matter-of-fact way, far up on dizzy heights. The children
+fairly held their breath to watch them.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Out on the yards sailors were "bending on" the new sails, the sails
+Bob and Betty had seen being made at the sail loft. The whole work
+seemed to them a wonderful confusion of lines and ropes and pulleys and
+tackle. Captain Hawes tried to explain what each rope meant and how it
+was used. But there were too many; it was all too confusing. Each
+rope, he told them, had its own name; every sailor had to know them to
+be able to do his work.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The riggers built trim little rope ladders from the rail to the
+crosstrees by lashing small "ratlines" to the heavy "shrouds." The
+"stays" and "shrouds," of course, were to hold the great masts
+in place. The children wondered at it all, but didn't pretend to
+understand it, though Bob was especially interested, for climbing he
+understood, and such climbing was far ahead of anything the biggest boy
+in his school could do.
+
+They delighted in the cook's kitchen, the "galley." Such a compact,
+neat little room, where the most ingenious shelves and lockers were
+arranged, in which to hold everything needed in the way of dishes and
+pots and pans. The stove was chained down solidly so that no storm
+might upset it and cause fire, the cook explained.
+
+To Betty, the "galley" was the most interesting thing about the ship;
+it pleased her housekeeping instincts, though it did seem strange to
+see a sailor cook.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                                WHALING
+
+
+The city children never wearied of Captain Hawes's stories of his
+voyages, and the Captain, with such good listeners, never wearied
+telling of them,--a perfect combination.
+
+He told of how when a young man he used to go whaling. "Of course you
+know what whales are, big sea animals, you couldn't call them fish,
+often sixty or seventy feet long, 'as long as a big house,' huge
+creatures who lived in the northern or southern seas, though once in a
+while a stray one had been known to come into the Sound, not far from
+here."
+
+Now the children were really excited. "Oh, if only one should happen to
+come this summer!" The Captain said that would be just a chance; it was
+hardly a thing you could count on.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the ship reached the far-away seas where whales were to be found,
+"lookouts" were stationed aloft at the masthead to watch for them.
+When one was sighted the lookout shouted, "There she blows"; for the
+whales have a habit of blowing up spray when they come to the surface
+to breathe, then the boats were lowered and away the sailors went
+after the whale. When they came up with him they rowed as close as they
+dared, and the harpooner in the bow of the boat hurled his harpoon into
+the big creature's side.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The whale at once made a great commotion, slashing about and beating
+up the water, then diving deep down. The sailors "paid out" the rope
+attached to the harpoon as the whale went down. Sometimes they had to
+cut it to keep from being dragged under. But when this didn't happen
+the whale would come up after a while and start away dragging the boat
+along at a terrific speed. In time he would get tired and the boat
+would again be rowed near, and a lance thrust into his side until he
+was quite dead.
+
+It was all exciting and dangerous work, for sometimes the whale would
+attack the boat and splinter it to pieces with a blow of his tail, and
+the men, often badly hurt, be thrown into the sea, and sometimes lost.
+The dead whale was towed off to the ship, here he was moored to the
+side, and the body cut up. The great pieces of fat blubber "tried out,"
+that is, melted in pots over the fire on the deck, and the oil run off
+into barrels and stowed away in the hold.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                           LOADING THE SHIP
+
+
+Captain Hawes made the children a little toy schooner which they
+sailed in the coves along the beach. He showed them just how to "trim"
+the sails and set the rudder, so that the boat would "tack" and sail
+against the wind, "on the wind," he called it.
+
+About this time they heard that the new ship, now all rigged and with
+all sails in place, had been taken to the neighboring port and was
+taking on her cargo for a long voyage. As they wanted to see the ship
+again, the Captain took them on this little journey to see the work
+being done at the docks.
+
+Loading a ship is always a strenuous and hurly-burly affair, with much
+bustle, shouting, hauling, pushing, and pulling. The children, under
+Patsey's lead, found a good point of vantage on top of some boxes, and
+watched the work.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Busy "stevedores," who had charge, were hurrying the "longshoremen,"
+who rolled barrels, and carried bags up the gangplank into the ship, to
+be snugly stowed away between decks. Bales and boxes were being hoisted
+over the rail, to be lowered through the hatches into the hold. The
+donkey engine buzzed, the mate shouted orders, and everything, to
+the children, seemed confusion, but it was orderly confusion, for the
+work was rapidly going ahead. The great quantity of goods which went
+aboard astonished Bob and Betty; they had never seen so many boxes,
+barrels, bales, and bags before. And yet this was only the beginning,
+for the Captain told them that even at this rate it would still take
+many days to load the ship.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the first of the cargo went aboard, the vessel sat high out of
+the water, but when all should be in and stowed safely away, she
+would settle deep down to her "water line." This was where the green
+and black paint met. All this had been planned before she was built,
+Captain Hawes explained; the ship designer knew just how she should sit
+in the water when loaded; there was no guesswork about it.
+
+The ship was to go on an Eastern voyage. He had often been out there,
+away off in the China seas, where strange craft came about you: junks
+with their odd, high sails, their yellow sailors with "pigtails" down
+their backs, everything so different from our part of the world.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                             BURNED AT SEA
+
+
+In the evenings, as Captain Hawes sat smoking his pipe, he would tell
+the children of strange lands he had visited in his voyages, and then
+suggest that they look up these places in their geographies, and this
+study, which before was a task, took on a new interest for Bob and
+Betty. China and Greenland now meant so much more.
+
+Telling about Iceland and Greenland, he said that up there in those
+parts, where almost everything that wasn't snow was ice, certain
+animals lived which couldn't be found anywhere else, like the big white
+polar bear, and the walrus.
+
+"Why, we know a polar bear," Betty broke in. Why, of course, he was an
+old acquaintance. They had often seen him in Central Park.
+
+"Well, now, that's good," said the Captain; "now you'll remember where
+he came from. I've been up his way more than once."
+
+Often whalers chased the "right" whale away up there; dangerous seas to
+work in, as icebergs were plenty and the risk of striking them in the
+fog was great.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+But the thing which sailors dreaded most was fire at sea. This seldom
+happened, but when it did it was bad. Once his ship was burned at night
+among the icebergs. There was nothing to do but take to the boats and
+escape to shore, which luckily was near. They lost everything but the
+clothes they wore, and a small amount of provisions. And there, while
+they looked on, the ship went up in a sheet of flame, and that was
+the last of her. The Captain said they felt pretty blue and lonely
+out there far away from the rest of the world, with no means to get
+away but the small boats. Fortunately they soon managed to reach an
+Eskimo village. These Eskimos are the natives who live there always,
+short people, dressed all in heavy, warm furs, who build themselves
+snow houses, where in the coldest weather they keep comfortably warm.
+They live by hunting and fishing. They spear seals from their skin
+canoes,--"kayaks,"--and fish through holes in the ice. These are the
+people you hear the explorers tell about when they go on expeditions to
+the North Pole. Captain Hawes thought they were the strangest people he
+had ever met. As whalers often put in up in these parts, the Captain
+and his mates did not have too hard a time, and were picked up by a
+passing ship and brought home.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+                          THE SHIP SAILS AWAY
+
+
+Summer was passing quickly now, and it would soon be time for the "long
+vacation" to come to an end.
+
+Before they had to go the Sachem--that was the name of the new
+ship--was ready to put to sea. The children had admired her
+"figure-head," an Indian chief, gilded and painted in bright colors.
+The ship had taken on her whole cargo, the hatches were closed, and
+everything made tight and taut for her long voyage. She was bound for
+the Far East, the Captain told them. First she would touch at some
+South American ports, then go across the ocean to Africa, stopping at
+Cape Town, and other less important ports, then around the Cape and
+up the Indian Ocean to India; then to China and Japan. With the goods
+she had taken aboard she would trade with the different ports, either
+selling or exchanging what she had for the things made or raised in
+those far-away countries, which she would bring back home to sell in
+our markets. This was the way, Captain Hawes explained, that we got
+many good things that we couldn't raise in our own country.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The day the ship sailed, everybody turned out to wish her a good
+voyage.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+With all sails set she was a beautiful sight; a gentle land breeze
+filled her sails and slowly and gracefully she drew away, headed for
+the open sea. The steamers and the tugs in the bay whistled salutes.
+
+Captain Hawes, with a sigh, told the children that probably that was
+the last square-rigged ship they were likely to see leaving this
+port, as the old-style ship was now almost a thing of the past. The
+"fore-and-aft" rig was more practical and generally used where sailing
+vessels were still employed. But even they were all giving way before
+steam. Nowadays steamers, freighters, did nearly all the carrying trade.
+
+They watched the ship till far, far away, as the sun was setting, she
+showed as a small black spot on the horizon.
+
+And now it was time to leave Quohaug, for this summer vacation was
+ended. At home again they were just in time to see the review of the
+country's war fleet on the Hudson. This was the latest development
+of sea power, great, massive steel vessels, with no sails, driven by
+steam. They were grandly impressive, but just wait till you hear Bob
+and Betty tell of Quohaug and then you will know what ships with sails
+mean.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Seashore Book, by E. Boyd Smith
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE SEASHORE BOOK ***
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