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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44701 ***
+
+Transcriber's Note: Minor typographical errors have been corrected
+without note. Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have
+been retained as printed. Words printed in italics are noted with
+underscores: _italics_.
+
+
+The Daily Telegraph
+
+WAR BOOKS
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+
+Cloth
+
+1/- net each
+
+The Daily Telegraph
+
+WAR BOOKS
+
+Post free 1/3 each
+
+    HOW THE WAR BEGAN
+    By W. L. COURTNEY. LLD., and J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    THE FLEETS AT WAR
+    By ARCHIBALD HURD
+
+    THE CAMPAIGN OF SEDAN
+    By GEORGE HOOPER
+
+    THE CAMPAIGN ROUND LIEGE
+    By J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    IN THE FIRING LINE
+    By A. ST. JOHN ADCOCK
+
+    GREAT BATTLES OF THE WORLD
+    By STEPHEN CRANE
+    Author of "The Red Badge of Courage."
+
+    BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+    The story of their Battle Honour.
+
+    THE RED CROSS IN WAR
+    By Miss MARY FRANCES BILLINGTON
+
+    FORTY YEARS AFTER
+    The Story of the Franco-German War. By H. C. BAILEY.
+    With an Introduction by W. L. COURTNEY. LL.D.
+
+    A SCRAP OF PAPER
+    The Inner History of German Diplomacy.
+    By E. J. DILLON
+
+    HOW THE NATIONS WAGED WAR
+    A companion volume to "How the War Began," telling how the
+        world faced.
+    Armageddon and how the British Army answered the call to arms.
+    By J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    AIR-CRAFT IN WAR
+    By S. ERIC BRUCE
+
+    FAMOUS FIGHTS OF INDIAN NATIVE REGIMENTS
+    THE TRIUMPHANT RETREAT TO PARIS
+    THE RUSSIAN ADVANCE
+
+    _OTHER VOLUMES IN PREPARATION_
+
+
+PUBLISHED FOR THE DAILY TELEGRAPH
+
+BY HODDER & STOUGHTON, WARWICK SQUARE,
+LONDON, E.C.
+
+
+
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+THE STORY OF THEIR BATTLE HONOURS
+
+
+BY
+
+REGINALD HODDER
+
+
+HODDER AND STOUGHTON
+LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO
+MCMXIV
+
+
+
+
+The Author wishes to express his indebtedness to MR. J. NORVILL for his
+valuable assistance and suggestions.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+CHAPTER                                                          PAGE
+
+  INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER--NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY
+  WERE WON                                                          9
+
+    I. 5TH DRAGOON GUARDS                                          41
+
+  II. THE CARABINIERS                                              43
+
+  III. THE SCOTS GREYS                                             49
+
+   IV. 15TH HUSSARS                                                57
+
+    V. 18TH HUSSARS                                                61
+
+   VI. THE GRENADIER GUARDS                                        63
+
+  VII. THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS                                       71
+
+ VIII. THE ROYAL SCOTS                                             76
+
+   IX. THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"                                        84
+
+    X. THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT                                      89
+
+   XI. THE NORFOLKS                                                92
+
+  XII. THE BLACK WATCH                                            100
+
+ XIII. THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT                                    113
+
+  XIV. THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS                                     118
+
+   XV. THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS                                      139
+
+  XVI. THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS                      142
+
+ XVII. THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS                                       146
+
+XVIII. FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA                                156
+
+   XIX. BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN                                    178
+
+
+
+
+NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY WERE WON
+
+
+"The Rusty Buckles."
+
+The 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) got their name of "The Bays" in
+1767 when they were mounted on bay horses--a thing which distinguished
+them from other regiments, which, with the exception of the Scots
+Greys, had black horses. Their nickname, "The Rusty Buckles," though
+lending itself to a ready explanation, is doubtful as to its origin;
+but one thing is certain that the rust remained on the buckles only
+because the fighting was so strenuous and prolonged that there was no
+time to clean it off.
+
+
+"The Royal Irish."
+
+The 4th Dragoon Guards received this title in 1788, in recognition of
+its long service in Ireland since 1698. The regiment also has the name
+of the "Blue Horse" from the blue facings of the uniform.
+
+
+"The Green Horse."
+
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were given this name in 1717 when their facings
+were changed from buff to green. Some time later, after Salamanca, they
+were also called the "Green Dragoon Guards."
+
+
+"Tichborne's Own."
+
+The 6th Dragoon Guards, or Carabiniers, have been known as "Tichborne's
+Own" ever since the trial of Arthur Orton, as Sir Roger Tichborne had
+served for some time in the regiment. The name of "Carabiniers" has
+distinguished them ever since 1692, when they were armed with long
+pistols or "carabins." With these weapons they did signal work in
+Ireland in 1690-1.
+
+
+"Scots Greys."
+
+This regiment, the 2nd Dragoons, has been known by many names: "Second
+to None," "The Old Greys," "Royal Regiment of Scots Dragoons," (in
+1681, when they were commanded by the famous Claverhouse); "The Grey
+Dragoons" in 1700, the "Scots Regiment of White Horses," the "Royal
+Regiment of North British Dragoons" in 1707, the "2nd Dragoons" in
+1713, and the "2nd Royal North British Dragoons" in 1866.
+
+Associated with them and all their different names is the memorable cry
+of "Scotland for ever"--that wild shout they raised as they charged the
+French infantry at Waterloo. At Ramillies they captured the colours of
+the French Régiment du Roi and by this gained the right to wear
+grenadier caps instead of helmets. "Bubbly Jocks" is a nickname
+frequently used among themselves--a name derived from the fact that
+their dress in its general effect is not unlike that of the "Bubbly
+Jock" or turkey cock.
+
+
+"Lord Adam Gordon's Life Guards."
+
+The 3rd Hussars received this nickname from the fact that when Lord
+Adam Gordon commanded the regiment in Scotland he kept it there for
+such a long time--"for _life_" so to speak. When it was raised, in
+1685, the regiment was called "The Queen Consort's Regiment of
+Dragoons." In 1691 it was known as "Leveson's Dragoons." In the time of
+the George's it was called variously "King's Own Dragoons" and "Bland's
+Horse." In 1818 it was made a "Light Dragoon" regiment, and it was not
+until 1861 that it became Hussars.
+
+
+"Paget's Irregular Horse."
+
+The 4th Hussars received this title on its return from foreign service,
+when it was remarked that its drill was less regular than that of the
+other regiments. In 1685 it was called the "Princess Ann of Denmark's
+Regiment of Dragoons." Like the 3rd it was formed into a regiment of
+Hussars in 1861.
+
+
+"The Red Breasts."
+
+The 5th Lancers, or Royal Irish, are called "Red Breasts" because of
+their scarlet facings. In 1689 they were known as the "Royal Irish
+Dragoons," having been raised to assist at the siege of Londonderry in
+1688. They became the "5th Royal Irish Lancers" in 1858. This regiment
+has also been called the "Daily Advertisers," but the derivation of
+this name is somewhat obscure.
+
+
+"The Delhi Spearmen."
+
+The 9th Lancers received this name from the rebels of the Indian
+Mutiny, against whom they used their long lances with such deadly
+effect. In 1830 they were known as the "Queen's Royal Lancers," and
+"Wynne's Dragoons."
+
+
+"The Cherry Pickers."
+
+The 11th Hussars were dubbed "Cherry Pickers" because some of their men
+during the Peninsular War were taken prisoners in a fruit garden while
+supposed to be on outpost duty. They are known also as "Prince Albert's
+Own" from the fact that they formed part of the Prince's escort from
+Dover to Canterbury when he arrived in England in 1840 as the late
+Queen's chosen Consort. One hears them sometimes referred to as the
+"Cherubims," from their crimson overalls, busby bag, and crimson and
+white plume.
+
+
+"The Supple 12th."
+
+It was at Salamanca that the 12th Lancers received this honoured name,
+because of their dash and rapid movements.
+
+
+"The Fighting 15th."
+
+It was at Emsdorf that the 15th Hussars won this name, and their feat
+of arms on that field gained them the privilege to wear on their
+helmets the following inscription: "Five battalions of French defeated
+and taken by this Regiment with their colours and nine pieces of cannon
+at Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." In 1794, at Villiers-en-Couché, they
+charged with the Austrian Leopold Hussars against vastly superior
+numbers to protect the person of the Austrian Emperor. In recognition
+of this the then Kaiser presented each of the eight surviving officers
+with a medal. In 1799 they received the Royal honour of decking their
+helmets with scarlet feathers. The "Fighting 15th" are also known in
+history as "Elliot's Light Horse."
+
+
+"The Dumpies."
+
+The 20th Hussars, together with the 19th and 21st, received the name of
+"Dumpies" from the fact that the regiment when formed of volunteers
+from the disbanded Bengal European Cavalry of the East India Company
+were short and dumpy. Though nowadays there is many a giant among the
+20th, the name of "Dumpies" still survives.
+
+
+"The Mudlarks."
+
+The Royal Engineers received this name from the nature of their
+ordinary business in war. In 1722 they were called the "Soldier
+Artificers Corps"; and, in 1813, "The Royal Sappers and Miners."
+
+
+"The Gunners."
+
+The Royal Artillery have held this name from their regular formation in
+1793. Formerly, after the rebellion in Scotland, they were known as the
+"Royal Regiment of Artillery," and, though not in any way formed into a
+regiment, they date still further back, one might say even to the early
+days when guns were made of wood and leather. That was before 1543,
+when the first gun was cast in England. In 1660 the master gunner was
+called the "Chief Fire Master". The Honourable Artillery Company was
+founded in 1537 and is the oldest Volunteer Corps in Great Britain.
+
+
+"The Sandbags."
+
+The Grenadier Guards gained this peculiar name from their special
+privilege of working in plain clothes for wages at coal or gravel
+heaving, and for this same reason they were often called "Coalheavers."
+They seem to have got this name in Flanders, where they excelled at
+trench work. Another of their nicknames is "Old Eyes." In 1657 they
+were known as the "Royal Regiment of Guards," and in 1660 as the
+"King's Regiment of Guards."
+
+
+"The Coldstreamers."
+
+The Coldstream Guards received their name in 1666 when Monk marched
+them from Coldstream to assist Charles II to regain his throne. They
+have been called the "_Nulli Secundus Club_," in memory of the
+fact that Charles, before he hit on the name "Coldstream Guards,"
+wished to call them the "2nd Foot Guards," a thing to which they
+strongly objected, saying that they were "second to none."
+
+
+"The Jocks."
+
+The origin of this name for the Scots Guards is obvious. History is a
+little uncertain about their record, as their papers were burnt by
+accident in 1841; but this is certain, that they were raised as Scots
+Guards in 1639 and were called later the "Scots Fusilier Guards" and
+the "3rd Foot Guards," after which, in 1877, they resumed the name of
+"Scots Guards."
+
+
+"Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard."
+
+This strange nickname of the Royal Scots Regiment is based on an
+equally strange story. As long ago as 1637, when most other regiments
+were as yet unborn, a dispute arose between the Royal Scots and the
+Picardy Regiment on the point of priority in age. The Picardy Regiment
+claimed to have been on duty the night after the Crucifixion. But the
+Royal Scots met this with a withering volley. "Had we been on duty
+then," they said, "we should not have slept at our post." This incident
+caused some wag to dub the Royal Scots "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard,"
+and the name has stuck to them ever since. There is another tradition
+that this regiment represents the body of Scottish Archers, who for
+many centuries formed the guard of the French Kings. It fought in the
+seven years' war under Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, and was
+incorporated in the British Army in 1633. Since then, whenever war has
+been declared, every man of "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard" has been among
+the last to stay at home.
+
+
+"The Lions."
+
+The Royal Lancaster Regiment bears upon its colour the Lions of
+England, disposed, as in Trafalgar Square, one at each quarter. This
+distinction was given them by the Prince of Orange, as they were the
+first regiment to join him in 1688 when he landed at Torbay. They have
+also been called "Barrell's Blues" from their Commander and their blue
+facings. They received the title of "King's Own" from George I., in
+1715, and our late King Edward became their Colonel-in-Chief in 1903.
+Our present King is now the Colonel-in-Chief.
+
+
+"Kirke's Lambs."
+
+The Royal West Surrey Regiment (The Queen's) derived this name from
+Kirke and from the Paschal Lamb in each of the four corners of its
+colour. The name has also an ironical derivation from the fact that
+they were employed to enforce the cruelties of "Bloody Judge Jeffreys."
+Another nickname of theirs is the "First Tangerines," because they were
+raised in 1661 as the "Tangiers Regiment of Foot," for the purpose of
+garrisoning Tangiers, at that time a British possession. John
+Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, began his career in this Regiment.
+Another nickname, "Sleepy Queen's" is derived from a slight omission of
+theirs at Almeida, when, through some oversight, they allowed General
+Brennier to escape. But they have so far lived this down that now,
+_ut lucus a non lucendo_, they are called "sleepy" because they are
+always very wide awake.
+
+
+"The Shiners."
+
+The Northumberland Fusiliers deserve that name because they are always
+so spic-and-span. They also deserve the name of "Fighting Fifth"
+because they have many a time proved their right to it. At the battle
+of Kirch Denkern (1761) they captured a whole regiment of French
+infantry, and, in the following year, at Wilhelmsthal, they took twice
+their own number prisoners. They have also the name of "Lord
+Wellington's Body Guard" because, in 1811, they were attached to
+Headquarters. Another name is "The Old and Bold." On St. George's day
+the "Fighting Fifth" wear roses in their caps, but the origin of this
+is not clear, unless it may be that one of their badges is "St. George
+and the Dragon," and another "The Rose and Crown." They also wear the
+white feathers of the French Grenadiers on the anniversary of the
+battle of La Vigie, when Comte de Grasse attempted to relieve the
+Island of St. Lucia in the West Indies. On that occasion the "Old and
+Bold" took the white plumes from the caps of their defeated opponents,
+the French Grenadiers. To-day, the white in the red and white hackle
+now worn by them refers back to that terrible death-struggle. The 5th
+is the only foot regiment which has the distinction of a red and white
+pompon. It is worth recording here that they formed part of a force
+which repulsed overwhelming numbers of the enemy on the heights of El
+Bodon (1811) during the investment of Ciudad Rodrigo. The Iron Duke
+spoke of this achievement as "a memorable example of what can be done
+by steadiness, discipline and confidence."
+
+
+"The Elegant Extracts."
+
+The word sounds like a fashionable chemical compound, but its real
+meaning is derived from the fact that the officers of the Royal
+Fusiliers--except 2nd Lieutenants and Ensigns, of which at the time
+they had none--were "extracted" from other corps. In the eighteenth
+century they were known as the "Hanoverian White Horse." Those who have
+lived to remember the Crimean War will remember also that brave song,
+"Fighting with the 7th Royal Fusiliers"--a song which became so popular
+that the regiment could have been recruited four times over had it been
+necessary.
+
+
+"The Leather Hats."
+
+The King's (Liverpool) Regiment gained their name from their head-gear.
+They were raised by James II. in 1685. In the American War an officer
+and 40 men of the "Leather Hats" captured a fort held by 400 of the
+enemy. It is interesting to know that this regiment has an allied
+regiment of the Australian Commonwealth--the 8th Australian Infantry
+Regiment.
+
+
+"The Holy Boys."
+
+The Norfolk Regiment has had this name ever since the Peninsular War.
+In that campaign the Spaniards, seeing the figure of Britannia on the
+cross-belts of the 9th, thought that it was a representation of the
+Virgin Mary. There is another story to the effect that they derive
+their name from their reputed practice of selling their Bibles to buy
+drink during the Peninsular War. But this I do not believe. Another
+name for them is the "Fighting Ninth"--a title which no one can refuse
+to believe. Their bravery at the siege of St. Sebastian might alone
+justify it.
+
+
+"The Springers."
+
+The Lincolnshire Regiment received this nickname during the American
+War because they were remarkable in their readiness to spring into
+action when called upon. It was the first infantry regiment to enter
+Boer territory during the late South African War. Their other name of
+"Lincolnshire Poachers" has no satisfactory derivation.
+
+
+"The Bloody Eleventh."
+
+There are two stories to account for this nickname of the Devonshire
+Regiment. One is that at Salamanca they were in a very sanguinary
+condition after the battle. The other is that when they were in Dublin
+in 1690 the regiment's contractor supplied bad meat, on which they
+swore that if he did so again they would hang the butcher. There was no
+improvement in the meat, so they hanged the delinquent in front of his
+own shop on one of his own meat-hooks. It is no doubt the first story
+that is the true one. Another name for the Devonshires is "One and
+All." It was a man in this regiment who wounded Napoleon at Toulon in
+1793.
+
+
+"The Old Dozen."
+
+The Suffolk Regiment won glory for itself at the siege of Gibraltar. It
+also behaved with the greatest gallantry at Minden, and that is why on
+the 1st of August (Minden Day) the "Old Dozen" parade with a rose in
+the head-dress of each man. In connection with this they are also
+called the "Minden Boys."
+
+
+"The Peacemakers."
+
+The Bedfordshire Regiment were first known as the "Peacemakers" because
+at that time there were no battles on its colours. For the same reason
+no doubt they were also called "Bloodless Lambs." Another nickname of
+theirs is "The Old Bucks"--a title justified by their hard fighting in
+the Netherlands under William III. and also under Marlborough.
+
+
+"The Bengal Tigers."
+
+The Leicestershire Regiment gets its name from the Royal Green Tiger on
+its badge. This distinction was given it for a brilliant achievement in
+the Nepal War of 1814, when they captured a Standard bearing a tiger.
+They are also called "Lily Whites," from their white facings.
+
+
+"The Green Howards."
+
+The Yorkshire Regiment was commanded by Colonel Howard, and has green
+facings. They are also called "Howard's Garbage," and must not be
+confused with the 24th Foot, also once commanded by a Colonel Howard,
+and styled "Howard's Greens."
+
+
+"The Earl of Mar's Grey Breeks."
+
+The Royal Scots Fusiliers received this name from the colour of their
+breeches at the time the regiment was raised in 1678. "The Grey Breeks"
+wear a white plume in their head-dress--an honour bestowed in
+recognition of their services during the Boer War.
+
+
+"The Lightning Conductors."
+
+There is some doubt as to how the Cheshire Regiment acquired this name.
+But it may be connected in some way with the fact that at Dettingen,
+when George II. was attacked by the French Cavalry, they formed round
+him under an oak tree and drove the enemy off. In remembrance of this
+occasion the oak leaf is worn by them at all inspections and reviews in
+obedience to the wish of George II. when he plucked a leaf from the
+tree and handed it to the Commander. They are also known as the "Two
+Twos" from their number, the 22nd. Another of their names is "The Red
+Knights," because, when recruiting at Chelmsford in 1795, red jackets,
+breeches and waistcoats were served out to them instead of the proper
+uniform. This regiment, under the name of the "Soulsburg Grenadiers,"
+was under Wolfe when he was mortally wounded at Quebec.
+
+
+"The Nanny Goats."
+
+The Royal Welsh Fusiliers are known as "Nanny Goats" or "Royal Goats"
+because they always have a goat, with shields and garlands on its
+horns, marching bravely at the head of the drum. This has been their
+custom for over a hundred years. A glance at the back of their tunics
+reveals a small piece of silk known as a "flash." It has been there
+ever since the days when its office was to keep the powdered pigtail
+from soiling the tunic. The King is Colonel-in-Chief of the "Nanny
+Goats."
+
+
+"Howard's Greens."
+
+The South Wales Borderers were at one time commanded by a Colonel
+Howard. It was a company of this regiment which achieved immortal glory
+at Rorke's Drift, which they defended against 3,000 Zulus. In Africa
+they gained no less than eight V.C.'s. On the Queen's colour of each
+battalion may be seen a silver wreath. This was bestowed by Queen
+Victoria in memory of Lieutenants Melville and Coghill, who died to
+save the colours at Isandlhwana.
+
+
+"The Botherers."
+
+The King's Own Scottish Borderers--the only regiment that was allowed
+to beat up for recruits in Edinburgh without asking the Lord Provost's
+permission--were called "Botherers," partly on this account and partly
+by corruption from "Borderers." They bear also the name of "Leven's
+Regiment," from the remarkable fact that in 1689 they were raised by
+the Earl of Leven in Edinburgh, in the space of four hours. They are
+also known as the "K.O.B.s."
+
+
+"The Cameronians."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the Scottish Rifles are the descendants of the
+Glasgow Cameronian Guard which was raised during the Revolution of 1688
+from the Cameronians, a strict set of Presbyterians founded by
+Archibald Cameron, the martyr. The 2nd Battalion is known as "Sir
+Thomas Graham's Perthshire Grey Breeks." It received this name from the
+fact that when Lord Moira ordered the regiment to be equipped and
+trained as a Light Infantry Corps, their uniforms consisted of a red
+jacket faced with buff, over a red waistcoat, with buff tights and
+Hessians for the officers, and light grey pantaloons for the men. Both
+battalions now wear dark green doublets and tartan "trews."
+
+
+"The Slashers."
+
+The Gloucestershire Regiment derives its name of "Slashers" from its
+achievements in the battle of the White Plains in 1777. There is
+another story, however, that the name arose from a report that, on one
+occasion, a magistrate having refused shelter to the women of the
+regiment during a severe winter, some of the officers disguised
+themselves as Indians and slashed off both his ears. In Torres Straits
+there is a reef which is marked on the charts as the "Slashers' Reef"
+because, after the Khyber Pass disaster of 1842, the "Slashers" were on
+the way from Australia to India when the transport conveying them
+grounded on this reef. Their other name of the "Old Braggs" is derived
+from their Commander, General Braggs, of 1734. In regard to this there
+is the tradition of an order given by a wag of a Colonel when the "Old
+Braggs" were brigaded with other regiments with Royal Titles. The order
+runs:
+
+    "Neither Kings nor Queens nor Royal Marines,
+    But 28th Old Braggs;
+    Brass before and brass behind;
+    Ne'er feared a foe of any kind,--
+                Shoulder arms!"
+
+
+"The Vein Openers."
+
+The Worcestershire Regiment were dubbed "The Vein Openers" by the
+people of Boston, (U.S.A.) in 1770, because they were the first to draw
+blood in the preliminary disturbances before the war. After the
+Peninsular War they were called "Old and Bold." Another name for them
+is "Star of the Line," from the eight-pointed star on their pouches--a
+distinction peculiarly their own. The 2nd Battalion were known as the
+"Saucy Greens" from the colour of their facings and, presumably, their
+extreme sauciness.
+
+
+"The Young Buffs."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the East Surrey Regiment derived their nickname
+from a peculiar royal mistake. At the battle of Dettingen, King George
+II., mistaking them for the "3rd Buffs," called out "Bravo Old Buffs!"
+Being reminded that they were not the "Old Buffs" but the 31st, His
+Majesty at once corrected his cry to "Bravo, Young Buffs!" and the name
+has stuck to the battalion ever since. The 2nd Battalion was raised at
+Glasgow in 1756 and takes its name of "Glasgow Greys" from that and the
+facings of the uniform.
+
+
+"The Red Feathers."
+
+The 2nd Battalion of the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry gained their
+nickname by a signal act of defiant heroism. During the American War of
+Independence they learned that the enemy had marked them down as men to
+whom no quarter was to be given. On this the Light Company, wishing to
+restrict the full force of this threat to themselves, and to prevent
+others suffering by mistake, stained their plume feathers red as a
+distinguishing mark. For this fine act they were authorised to wear a
+red feather, and this honour is perpetuated in the red cloth of the
+helmet and cap badge and the red pughri worn on foreign service. Their
+other nickname "The Lacedæmonians" has a dash of grim humour in its
+origin. During the same war, at the time of all times when the men were
+under a withering fire, their Colonel made a long speech to them--all
+about the Lacedæmonians, a brave race enough, but terribly ignorant of
+rifle fire.
+
+
+"The Havercake Lads."
+
+The West Riding Regiment (The Duke of Wellington's) is said to have
+derived its nickname from the fact that the recruiting sergeants in the
+old days carried an oat cake on the points of their swords. There is a
+joke among "The Havercakes" as old as their first recruiting sergeant.
+This enterprising man was in the habit of addressing the Yorkshire
+crowd as follows: "Come, my lads; don't lose your time listening to
+what them foot sojers says about their ridgements. List in _my_
+ridgement and you'll be all right. Their ridgements are obliged to
+march on foot, but _my_ ridgement is the gallant 33rd, the First
+Yorkshire West _Riding_ Ridgement, and when ye join headquarters ye'll
+be all mounted on horses."
+
+The 2nd Battalion is known as "The Immortals," from the fact that in
+the Indian wars under Lord Lake every man bore the marks of wounds.
+They were also called "The Seven and Sixpennies" from their number
+(76th) and from the fact that seven and sixpence represented a
+lieutenant's pay.
+
+
+"The Orange Lilies."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment was named "The Orange
+Lilies" from their early facings, orange, a mark of favour from William
+III., in 1701, and the white plume taken from the Roussillon French
+Grenadiers at Quebec in 1759. They were originally called "The Belfast
+Regiment" then "The Prince of Orange's Own." The orange facings were
+replaced by blue in 1832, and the white plumes disappeared in 1810; but
+the white (Roussillon) plume is still a badge of the Royal Sussex.
+
+
+"The Pump and Tortoise."
+
+The 1st Battalion South Staffordshire Regiment earned half their
+nickname from their extreme sobriety and the other half from the slow
+way they set about their work when actually stationed at Malta. The 2nd
+Battalion is known as "The Staffordshire Knots."
+
+
+"Sankey's Horse."
+
+The 2nd Battalion Dorsetshire Regiment, under Colonel Sankey in 1707,
+arrived at Almanza during the battle mounted on mules, hence the term
+"Sankey's Horse," applied to a foot regiment. They were the first
+King's regiment to land in India, in memory of which they have for
+their motto "Primus in Indis." In 1742 the regiment was popularly known
+as "The Green Linnets" from the "sad green" facings of its uniform. The
+2nd Battalion acquired the name of "The Flamers" from their large share
+in the destruction of the town and stores of New London, together with
+twelve privateers, by fire in 1781.
+
+
+"The Excellers."
+
+This name was fastened upon the 1st Battalion South Lancashire Regiment
+from its number (XL the 40th). It is also known as "The Fighting
+Fortieth." Until its amalgamation with the 82nd it had the honour of
+being next to the Royal Scots in the number of battle honours on its
+colour.
+
+
+"The 1st Invalids."
+
+The 1st Battalion Welsh Regiment is set down in old Army Lists under
+this name because it was first raised as a regiment of Invalids, in
+1719. In George II's, time it was known as "Wardour's Regiment." The
+nickname of the 2nd Battalion is a curious play on words--or rather
+figures. They are called the "Ups and Downs" because their number
+(69th) reads the same when inverted. The 69th are also called "The Old
+Agamemnons," a fancy title bestowed on them by Lord Nelson at St.
+Vincent after the name of his ship, on which a detachment was serving
+as marines.
+
+
+"The Black Watch."
+
+The Royal Highlanders won this honoured name from the sombre colour of
+their tartan some ten years before their Highland Companies were formed
+into a regiment known as "The Highland Regiment." Its first Colonel,
+Lord Crawford, being a lowlander, had no family tartan, so, it is said,
+this special tartan was devised. The bright colours in the various
+tartans are said to have been extracted, leaving only the dark green
+ground. The French, under the impression that in their own mountainous
+country they ran wild and naked, called them "Sauvages d'Ecosse." The
+red hackle in their bonnets was won at Guildermalsen in 1794.
+
+
+"The Cauliflowers."
+
+The Loyal North Lancashire Regiment have this nickname from the former
+colour of the facings of the 1st Battalion. They are also called "The
+Lancashire Lads." After Quebec the 47th were nicknamed "Wolfe's Own"
+and to this day the officers of both battalions wear a black worm in
+their lace gold as a sign of sorrow for their general's death. This is
+the only regiment that is officially styled "Loyal," the 2nd Battalion
+having been known prior to 1881 as the 81st (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers).
+
+
+"The Steelbacks."
+
+This is the name applied to the Northamptonshire Regiment because of
+the unflinching way in which they took their floggings. While under
+Wellington in the Peninsular War one, Hovenden, a private, was flogged
+for breach of discipline. At the twentieth stroke he fainted and this
+so disgusted his comrades that on his recovery they cut him dead. Much
+annoyed at this Hovenden marched up to the Colonel and called him a
+fool, and for this he was ordered to be flogged again. That night the
+regiment was attacked by the French, and Hovenden, evading the guard,
+arrived on the battlefield in time to see his Colonel captured by the
+enemy. With his musket he shot down the captors and then liberated the
+Colonel and bound up his wounds. After this he returned to make sure of
+his flogging, but was struck by a bullet and killed.
+
+The Northamptonshires have also the honoured name, "Heroes of
+Talavera," because they turned the tide of battle on that victorious
+day.
+
+  [Illustration: THE "DIE HARDS" AT ALBUERA.
+                _From a Painting by R Caton Woodville_]
+
+
+"The Blind Half Hundred."
+
+The 1st Battalion Royal West Kent Regiment suffered greatly from
+ophthalmia in Egypt in 1801, hence this nickname. They were called also
+"The Dirty Half Hundred" because the men, when in action in hot
+weather, used to wipe their faces with their black cuffs, with obvious
+results. Another of their names is "The Devil's Royals," and yet
+another "The Gallant 50th"--this last because at Vimiera, in 1807, 900
+of them routed 5,307 of the enemy.
+
+
+"The Kolis."
+
+The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry derive their name of "Kolis"
+from their initials. The name often takes the corrupted form of
+"Coalies."
+
+
+"The Die-Hards."
+
+The 1st Battalion Duke of Cambridge's Own (Middlesex Regiment) were
+styled "Die Hards" from the memorable words of Inglis at Albuera: "Die
+hard, my men; die hard!"--words which were endorsed by Stanley at
+Inkerman when he said: "Die hard! Remember Albuera!" The 2nd Battalion
+are called "The Pothooks," from their number (77).
+
+
+"The Royal American Provincials."
+
+This distinguished popular name was bestowed on the King's Royal Rifle
+Corps because they were raised in America.
+
+
+"The Bloodsuckers."
+
+The Manchester Regiment appear to have acquired this name from general
+and warlike reasons. The 1st Battalion displayed great courage and
+steadiness in the defence of Ladysmith. The 2nd Battalion was formerly
+the "Minorca Regiment" and became part of the Line in 1804 as the 97th
+(Queen's German) Regiment, becoming later the 96th Foot.
+
+
+"The Strada Reale Highlanders."
+
+The Gordon Highlanders (92nd and 75th) would propound a riddle to you:
+What is the difference between the 92nd and the 75th? The answer is
+that the 92nd are real Highlanders, and the 75th are Real(e)
+Highlanders.
+
+
+"The Cia mar tha's."
+
+The Cameron Highlanders owe this nickname to Sir Allen Cameron, who
+raised the regiment. It was his word to everybody: "Cia mar tha!" (How
+d'ye do!)
+
+
+"The Garvies."
+
+The Connaught Rangers are called "Garvies" because their recruits, when
+first the regiment was raised, were both lean and raw. Now a "garvie"
+is a small herring.
+
+
+"The Blue Caps."
+
+At the time of the relief of Cawnpore, a despatch of Nana Sahib was
+intercepted, containing a reference to those "blue-capped English
+soldiers who fought like devils." These "Blue-Caps" were the Madras
+Fusiliers, then a "John Company" regiment, but now the 1st Battalion
+Royal Dublin Fusiliers. The name was later stamped in perpetuity by
+Havelock, at the bridge of Charbagh. The question was put to him by
+Outram as to who could possibly carry the bridge under so deadly a
+fire. "My Blue Caps!" replied Havelock, and his faith in them was
+justified, for they carried it against overwhelming odds. The Bombay
+Fusiliers (another "John Company" regiment) now the 2nd Battalion Royal
+Dublin Fusiliers, have an equally distinguished record. They have been
+known as "The Old Toughs."
+
+
+
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+
+
+
+THE 5TH DRAGOON GUARDS
+
+(CADOGAN'S HORSE).
+
+
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were raised by the Earl of Shrewsbury to support
+James against "King Monmouth" at Sedgmoor. For the same reasons that
+"Britons never, never will be slaves," they refused, on consideration,
+to support James, and sided with William, for whom they threw in their
+weight at the Boyne. They were also at a former siege of Namur, and
+bore themselves bravely at Blenheim.
+
+The story is told that, after that battle, a Sunday Church parade was
+called, in which the British army deployed to fire a volley of victory,
+and Marshal Tallard, who was a prisoner, was reluctantly present on
+that occasion. After the volley, the Duke of Marlborough turned to
+Tallard, and asked what he thought of the British army. "Well enough,"
+replied Tallard, shrugging his shoulders, "but the troops they
+defeated, why, those are the best soldiers in the world!" "If that is
+so," said the Duke, "what will the world think of the fellows who
+thrashed them?" All obvious enough, but the Duke would never have slept
+quietly in his bed if he had left it unstated.
+
+At Salamanca, with the 3rd and 4th Light Dragoons, the 5th Dragoon
+Guards carved their way through a treble thickness of French army
+columns, under a heavy fire. For this marvellous achievement
+"Salamanca" is writ large on their colours.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Vestigia nulla retrorsum."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Salamanca, Vittoria, Toulouse, Peninsula, Balaclava, Sevastopol,
+    S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, dark green facings, red and white plume.
+
+
+
+
+THE CARABINIERS
+
+("TICHBORNE'S OWN.")
+
+    "It is your sex that makes us go forth to fight....
+    It is your sex who cherish our memories."
+
+    _Nelson._
+
+
+There is not a woman in our vast Empire who has not good cause to
+regard with admiration and gratitude those noble protectors and
+terrible avengers of the honour of their sex--the Carabiniers. During
+the Indian Mutiny--but first a brief word as to their history.
+
+It dates from the time of Monmouth's rebellion, when they were raised
+by Lord Lumley to support King James. Owing to the fact, however, that
+Lord Lumley was no supporter of the king's tyrannies, the regiment
+seceded, and later, when the Prince of Orange landed, threw in their
+lot with him whole-heartedly. Their title, "The Carabiniers," was
+bestowed upon them in recognition of the great part they played in the
+battle of the Boyne, for William had in mind the famous carabiniers of
+Louis XIV.
+
+In the list of the glories of the Carabiniers is Aughrim. Macaulay says
+about this occasion: "St. Ruth laughed when he saw the Carabiniers and
+the Blues struggling through a morass under a fire which, at every
+moment, laid some gallant hat and feather on the earth." "What did they
+mean?" he asked, and then he swore it was a pity to see such fine
+fellows marching to certain destruction. Nevertheless, at the issue of
+that business, it was he, and his troops, that reaped the destruction.
+
+It was some little time later that the Carabiniers saved the situation
+for King William at Landen, by an obstinate stand against his pursuers,
+while he crossed the bridge. As Corporal Trim in "Tristram Shandy"
+says; "If it had not been for the regiments of Wyndham, (_i.e._, the
+Carabiniers) Lumley and Galway, which covered the retreat over the
+bridge at Neerspecken, the king himself could scarcely have gained it."
+
+In three continents the Carabiniers have fought their way to an exalted
+fame. At Ramillies they captured the standard of the Royal Regiment of
+Bombardiers of France. At Malplaquet they measured steel and courage
+with the formidable Household Brigade of France and came out
+victorious. And from that time onward their glorious career can be
+traced through Europe, Asia and Africa in such clear lines that the
+enemy who runs has read.
+
+But it was during the time of the Indian Mutiny that they performed
+feats of valour for which we British men, as well as the women, owe
+them heartfelt gratitude. They were among the reinforcements sent out
+to stay the terrible tide of massacre and rapine. How they struggled
+for life and empire at Delhi; repulsed the rebels outside Lucknow with
+fearful carnage, with loss of their leader; and, finally, when Lucknow
+had fallen, pursued the rebels with relentless wrath, dealing vengeance
+with a heavy hand--all this has been written by many pens. It has been
+the theme to make the driest book most vivid reading. It was the story
+of stern, ruthless punishment and revenge for the horrible crimes
+committed by the then unregenerate Sepoy against helpless women and
+children--crimes of torture, murder, wholesale massacre, and
+unconceivable outrage.
+
+One has only to remember the horrible atrocities of the Indian Mutiny
+to acquit the Carabiniers of any charge of undue ferocity; one has only
+to remember Cawnpore, and the women and the babies, in order to admire
+their offices of stern, relentless retribution. And all this happened
+at the very time when all London was celebrating the centenary of the
+sublime victory of Plassey, and the brilliant acquisition of the Indian
+Empire under the genius of Clive.
+
+When, at Meerut, on that never-to-be-forgotten Sunday, they pursued the
+fiends responsible for that awful massacre, the Carabiniers, together
+with the 60th Rifles drew a very determined line between righteous
+revenge and feeble long-sufferance; between just wrath, that
+ever-potential factor in heroic blood: primitive wrath, and its cognate
+barbarity of act. "Remember the women! Remember the babies!" ran
+through the ranks on that occasion; and, with one heart and mind, the
+Carabiniers and the 60th, an avenging host, pursued the rebels, and cut
+them to pieces, right up to the very gates of Delhi, imprecating as
+they slew. And well they might be forgiven for that. Never were the
+lives of the innocent and defenceless so quickly, terribly, yet justly
+avenged; never has a more awful nemesis from human hands fallen upon
+the destroyers of women and women's honour. And, remembering all this,
+we defend it and uphold it, for we know full well that, in this present
+war, the barbarities and atrocities committed by an unprincipled enemy
+must again meet with this righteous kind of vengeance. And, if it is
+the traditional and special aspiration of the Carabiniers of to-day to
+cry "Remember Louvain! Remember the women and babies of Belgium!" shall
+we say "Hold and spare!" No! shall we say, "Vengeance is God's: God
+will repay!" Yes, with all our heart and soul; and what better agency
+for repayment than that of our noble Carabiniers! They are not of the
+kind to repay barbarity with barbarity; but they are of the kind to use
+their swords with singular effect, and like English gentlemen, whose
+special office it is to wreak proper vengeance to-day as in the past on
+the destroyers of women and children.
+
+At Gungaree the Carabiniers lost three of their officers, but for this
+they took a heavy toll. Meeting the rebels three days later, they
+defeated them completely, taking their leaders prisoners. Again the
+terrible work began. Hotly they pursued the flying rebels, and put them
+to the sword without a show of quarter. Rebel blood flowed like water
+for the rebel deeds they had committed against right and honour.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Sevastopol, Delhi, Afghanistan 1879-80, S. Africa 1889-1902, Relief
+    of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, white facings, white plume.
+
+  [Illustration: CHARGE OF SCOTS GREYS AT WATERLOO.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+
+
+
+THE SCOTS GREYS
+
+("SECOND TO NONE")
+
+    "Greys, gallant Greys! I am 61 years old, but, if I were young
+    again, I should like to be one of you."--_Sir Colin Campbell at
+    Balaclava._
+
+
+The 2nd Dragoons (Royal Scots Greys), whose motto is "Second to None,"
+are pictured to British eyes and imaginations in that wonderful
+painting, "Scotland for Ever." The Charge of the Light Brigade, great
+and glorious as it was, is, and ever will be, is perpetually linked
+with the Charge of the Heavy Brigade, under Scarlett, when, faced with
+a vastly superior force of the enemy, it offered such heroic
+assistance, that, had it not been for this, the glory of the immortal
+six hundred might not have been sung in the same triumphant voice. It
+was a gallant feat on the part of the "Heavies"--a feat which, though
+somewhat overshadowed by the dazzling "Charge of the Six Hundred," was
+nevertheless greatly influential in turning the tide of battle.
+
+(Inseparately connected with the Scots Greys at the front to-day, is
+the Prince of Wales' Royal Lancers--the 12th. At Salamanca the "supple
+12th" joined in the final charge which routed the French cavalry. At
+Vittoria the Greys saw Joseph deprived of his crown, and were
+fortunately present at the conquest of San Sebastian. In Egypt they won
+honours under Abercromby, and to-day the emblazonment of the mystic
+sphinx on their standard bears witness to the most heroic deeds. What
+they have done, that they can do, and their gallant deeds in the
+present super-war show that while the Scots Greys are still second to
+none, the 12th Lancers are among the first in every glorious deed.)
+
+The charge of the Greys and Inniskillings has been graphically
+described by many writers. Perhaps the words "Up the hill, up the hill,
+up the hill," describe most vividly the terrific struggle. But Kinglake
+tells the story tensely:
+
+    "As lightning flashes through a cloud, the Greys and Inniskillings
+    pierced through the dark masses of the Russians. The shock was but
+    for a moment. There was a clash of steel, and a light play of sword
+    blades in the air, and then the Greys and the Red Coats disappeared
+    in the midst of the shaken and quivering columns. In another moment
+    we saw them marching in diminished numbers, and charging against
+    the second line.... The first line of Russians, which had been
+    utterly smashed by our charge, were coming back to swallow up our
+    handful of men. By sheer steel and sheer courage, Inniskilliner and
+    Scot were winning their desperate way right through the enemies'
+    squadrons."
+
+When we read to-day that the 5th British Cavalry Brigade, under General
+Chetwode, fought a brilliant action with German cavalry, in the course
+of which the 12th Lancers and Royal Scots Greys routed the enemy,
+spearing large numbers in flight, our thoughts fly back to the old
+days, when the 12th Lancers and the "Second to Nones" anticipated these
+feats of valour.
+
+It was at Ramillies that the Scots Greys galloped straight through a
+difficult morass, with an infantry battle raging round them. On they
+went, till they gained the approach to the heights beyond. Then they
+dashed up the steep acclivity to the heights, and down the other side,
+where they thundered like an avalanche on the enemy's Household
+Brigade. The impact of that sudden crash seemed to shake the
+battlefield. Says one who was there: "The crash of our meeting rose
+above the noise of battle; it was like sudden thunder." The French
+fought with the utmost desperation, but they were matched this time,
+not with nondescript and poorly trained Continental troops, but with
+picked British, and were literally swept away before the Scots Greys.
+Many battalions of infantry under their protection were cut to pieces
+by the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons, the predecessors of
+the 5th (Royal Irish) Lancers. Still the Greys pursued their
+devastating career through Autreglise, and, at a point beyond, overtook
+the French Régiment du Roi, and secured its surrender. All that night,
+like flying demons, they pursued the retreating enemy, and what they
+did is traditionally summed up in the fact that they returned with no
+less than sixteen standards--truly a noble achievement!
+
+Again, at Malplaquet, the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons came
+up against their old enemies the French Household Brigade. In three
+victorious charges they sustained the honour of their old victories
+over them, routing them utterly. Fate seems specially to have designed
+the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish to combat the French Household
+Brigade in days gone by, for, on many occasions when they have met, the
+pride of the latter has fallen before the valour of the former. Not
+only at Malplaquet, but also at Dettingen, the Greys, having cut their
+way through the French Cuirassiers, launched themselves irresistibly
+upon the French Household Cavalry. On this occasion, they swept them
+from the banks of the river, and wrested from them their crowning
+glory--their white standard of damask, embroidered with gold and
+silver, bearing in its centre a thunderbolt above their motto "Sensere
+Gigantes." So to-day it may be said that the giants who fell three
+times before the Scots Greys are now in the company of the Brobdignags.
+
+Some other battles in which the Greys multiplied their glories are as
+follow:--Drouet, Oudenarde, Bethune, St. Venant, Aire, Bouchain,
+Sheriffmuir, and Fontenoy.
+
+Apart, and not yet apart, from their glorious traditions of battle, the
+Greys have a peculiar romance centring round one of their number, who
+fought for long years in their midst before it was ultimately
+discovered that their comrade of many fights was a woman. How, why, and
+where Christian Davies (née Cavanagh) first entered the army is a
+matter of some doubt, but we first hear of her in the Netherlands as a
+private soldier, whither, as the story goes, she had gone to find her
+husband. Here she lived the life of the ordinary soldier, and
+maintained her disguise through everything, even flirting with the
+Dutch girls to such an extent that she was forced to fight a duel with
+a jealous sergeant, whom she wounded severely. On account of this she
+was obliged to leave the regiment, but immediately joined the Scots
+Greys. While living and fighting with these, she discovered her
+husband, but, being enamoured of the free soldier's life more than of
+him, she bade him wait till the conclusion of the war. Mean while, at
+her desire, he and she passed as brothers.
+
+It was during the charge of the Scots Greys at Ramillies that Christian
+Davies met with a serious wound at the hands of a French dragoon, and,
+being brought to hospital, she confessed, to the surprise and
+admiration of all, that she was a woman. On her recovery, she still
+accompanied the army, as a vivandière, in which capacity she was
+extremely popular. Ultimately, when the terrors of war had made her
+twice a widow, she returned to England, where Queen Anne graciously
+received her in audience, and presented her with a bounty of £50,
+together with a pension of 1s. a day. At her funeral in Chelsea, in
+1739, she was accorded full military honours, and all the Scots Greys,
+at least, know well that three full volleys were fired above her grave.
+
+It is worth noting that the Royal Scots Greys, who, in the past, have
+fought fiercely against the Russians, have now as their Colonel-in-Chief
+H.I.M. Nicolas II., Emperor of Russia, K.G.--no longer an enemy, but a
+friend and an ally.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Thistle within the Circle and Motto of the Order of
+    the Thistle. An Eagle.
+
+    MOTTO.--"1546."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Dettingen, Waterloo, Balaclava, Sevastopol, S. Africa 1899-1902,
+    Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, blue facings, white plume.
+
+
+
+
+15TH HUSSARS (THE KING'S)
+
+("ELLIOT'S LIGHT HORSE.")
+
+    "Merebimur."--_Their Motto._
+
+
+One of the most thrilling and romantic episodes in cavalry fighting is
+the historic achievement of the 15th Hussars at Emsdorf. It was in
+July, 1760, that Major Erskine halted his troopers near the German
+village of Emsdorf, and bade them pluck the fresh twigs from the
+overhanging oaks, with a word of exhortation to the effect that they
+would acquit themselves with the firmness and stubbornness which have
+always been ascribed to that symbolic tree. Not long after this, the
+15th formed part of the Prince of Brunswick's troops, which had
+surrounded six battalions of French infantry, together with some
+artillery, and a regiment of hussars. The enemy eventually broke
+through, and fled, pursued by the 15th, who were unassisted. So hot was
+the pursuit, and so terrible the punishment inflicted by our hussars,
+that the enemy was forced to surrender no less than 177 officers, 2,482
+men, nine guns, six pairs of colours, and all the rams and baggage.
+
+All England rang with this achievement of the 15th Light Dragoons, and
+never has a squadron received so whole-hearted a eulogy as that
+contained in the General Order issued by the Prince of Brunswick. For
+many a day "Elliott's Regiment" bore "Emsdorf" on its guidons and
+appointments, while upon their helmets was written, "Five battalions of
+French defeated and taken by this regiment, with their colours, and
+nine pieces of cannon. Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." Now, as the regiment
+has become Hussars, the helmet has given place to the busby with no
+inscription; the guidons have disappeared, but the name "Emsdorf" may
+still be seen on the drum-cloth.
+
+The 15th were prominent in all the achievements of our army during the
+next few years of that campaign. Many are the stories of dashing
+assault, grim fighting and heroic rescue, related of them during that
+time. When the Duke of Brunswick was surrounded by French Hussars at
+Friedburg, and it seemed impossible to prevent his capture, the 15th
+Hussars clapped spurs to their horses, and, with a terrific yell, swept
+down upon the French at full gallop. It was a body of determined men
+against overwhelming numbers; for, when they had driven back the
+hussars, they were still involved with the converging squadrons. But,
+with desperate valour they held their own until they had extricated
+their leader, and then they rode back, leaving double their number of
+the enemy dead on the field.
+
+The 15th Hussars were in the thick of the fight at Waterloo, and they
+bravely upheld that honour. After suffering great loss in the enemy's
+fire they made a dashing charge through storms of lead from both flanks
+against a superior force of cuirassiers, whom they drove back with
+heavy losses. The Official Record states: "From this period the
+regiment made furious charges ... at one moment it was cutting down the
+musketeers, at the next it was engaged with lancers, and, when these
+were driven back, it encountered cuirassiers." For this glorious
+exploit they paid honourably with three officers, two sergeants, and
+twenty-three privates killed; seven officers, three sergeants and forty
+privates wounded.
+
+The 15th Hussars rendered heroic service in the Afghan War of 1878-80,
+when the treacherous Shere Ali was discovered favouring Russian
+intrigue. Many were the brilliant achievements of the 15th during this
+war, from Ali Musjid up to the investment of the Sherpur Cantonments,
+the final relief by Gough's Brigade, and the complete victory at
+Kandahar.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The Crest of England within the Garter.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Merebimur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Emsdorf, Villers-en-Couché, Egmont-op-Zee,
+    Sahagun, Vittoria, Peninsula, Waterloo, Afghanistan 1878-80.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, scarlet busby-bag and plume.
+
+
+
+
+18TH HUSSARS
+
+(DROGHEDA LIGHT HORSE)
+
+
+The generic name of the 18th Hussars (Drogheda Light Horse) was
+bestowed specifically upon the corps raised in Ireland in 1759 by the
+Marquis of Drogheda, and numbered as the 19th Light Dragoons. It was
+renumbered as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1763, became a Hussar corps in
+1807, and was disbanded as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1821.
+
+The present 18th Hussars were raised at Leeds in 1858, and inherited
+the honours of the Drogheda Light Horse proper. The silver trumpets
+used by the Drogheda Light Horse, and now in the possession of the 18th
+Hussars, were provided out of the proceeds of the sale of the captured
+horses at the Battle of Waterloo. The motto of the 18th Hussars is "Pro
+Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria Conamur" (We fight for King, Law, and
+Country).
+
+There is a traditional romance in the annals of the 18th Hussars which
+has its confirmation in modern history. A beautiful Spanish lady,
+finding herself a refugee with Wellington's forces in the Peninsula,
+fell in love with a young English officer named Harry Smith, and
+married him. By statesmanship and prowess in war he rose to be Sir
+Harry Smith, who commanded the forces that defeated the Boers at
+Boomplatz. Subsequently, the town of Ladysmith was so named after his
+wife. In this way the Peninsula is linked with South Africa in the
+annals of the 18th Hussars, not only by equal deeds in each campaign,
+but by a never-to-be-forgotten romance of real life.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS. ETC.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Pro Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria conamur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1899-1902,
+    Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, blue bushy-bag, scarlet and white plume.
+
+
+
+
+THE GRENADIER GUARDS
+
+("THE OLD EYES")
+
+    "Though old in glory and honour
+      They have yet the vigour of youth."
+
+
+High in the estimation of every son and daughter of Britain stands that
+heroic band, the British Grenadiers. Their deeds have brought a fine
+thrill to every heart, and a stirring song to every voice; and, though
+there have been times when a pall of necessary silence, covering a
+"certain liveliness," has been imposed by the fog of a world-war, we
+have felt calmly assured that behind that fog our British Grenadiers
+were doing, or dying, in a way that must awaken the old thrill, and
+inspire a new song.
+
+It has always been one of the greatest aids to success in battle to sum
+up the daring deeds of the past; the successes against fearful odds;
+the forlorn hopes bravely led; the breaches filled with our British
+dead; the stubborn resistance, and sometimes complete annihilation of
+one part for the success of the whole; the lofty sacrifice of the
+foremost, so that the hindmost may turn the tide of battle; and the
+heroic dash to certain death, which has always given birth to victory.
+And this aid of tradition has been accorded by their own deeds, and by
+the nation's appreciation, to none more strongly than to the British
+Grenadiers.
+
+Yet it must be remembered that the Grenadier Guards, though they share
+the honour and glory of all Grenadiers, were never really Grenadiers
+proper. They won the name at Waterloo, where they vanquished the French
+Grenadiers. Sharing the name, they share and perpetuate the memory of
+the song, which in the first place referred to the Grenadiers who threw
+the grenades "from the glacis." But, as a good old British song may
+gain in volume as it rolls down the years, there is no reason why the
+well-known air in question should not attach to the Grenadier Guards.
+
+Well does the historian say that "their annals indeed may almost be
+said to be identical with those of the British Army, as in every
+campaign of importance--every campaign which has had a material bearing
+on the fortunes of the Commonwealth--their services have been called
+into requisition. They have shared in our greatest battles. Their
+serried ranks stood firm at Fontenoy; turned the tide of battle at
+Quatre Bras; withstood unshaken the assaults of Napoleon's brilliant
+chivalry at Waterloo, and ascended with stately movement the bristling
+heights of the Alma."
+
+Mr. J. J. Hart, who was with the Grenadiers in the Boer War, gives a
+graphic description of the battle near Senekal:
+
+    "With the advent of quick-firing guns," says he, "the ancient
+    magnificence of armies in battle array has disappeared for ever....
+    There is no shining armour; there are no waving plumes; and the
+    blare of the trumpet is unheard. Watch those grey-clad figures as
+    they silently scatter over the plain. They are the colour of the
+    withered grass of the veldt. No two will walk together lest they
+    should be a more conspicuous mark for those deadly guns. See them
+    as they walk with bent heads. You might compare them to poachers or
+    partridge-shooters travelling over a moor, only their advance is
+    more cautious....
+
+    "It was noon, and my battalion had halted on the plain. Far away
+    for miles on our right the battle was raging, and, we with our
+    grand fighting history, were left to act the inglorious part of
+    lying on the grass waiting to cut off a possible retreat of the
+    enemy. (Col.) Bunker stamped and swore and chewed his moustache....
+    Confusion to the General who crushed the flower of the British
+    infantry so; but it was orders, and soldiers must obey. The Boers,
+    however, were more generous to us than the General, and, in the
+    working out of a little plan of their own, they were destined to
+    cover us with wounds if not with glory. While we were lying musing
+    on our fate, and thinking if the news of our being left out of the
+    action should ever reach London, what we might expect at the hands
+    of our enemies the cabdrivers, a force of Boers, of whose presence
+    on a hill about half a mile in front we were blissfully ignorant,
+    were preparing to open fire on us. They began proceedings by
+    killing Bunker's horse with a percussion shell, which dropped right
+    under him, and blew the animal to bits. Our artillery soon limbered
+    up and replied to the shot, keeping up a continuous fire for about
+    an hour, when, as they were unable to silence the gun, we advanced
+    to take it by assault. We moved towards the hill in short rushes,
+    lying down every fifty yards to fire a volley. The Boer shells
+    which exploded between our extended line did little damage, and it
+    looked as if we were going to make an easy capture of the gun. If
+    there were any rifles on the hill they were certainly very careful
+    about reserving their fire. We had got within 500 yards of the base
+    of the hill, and had risen to make another rush when the rattling
+    noise of a thousand rifle bolts together came to our ears. The
+    whole of the front rank went down at the first volley; evidently
+    the marksmen on the hill had taken very careful aim; then there
+    followed a veritable hailstorm of lead, in the face of which no man
+    could advance and live. We remained lying down and firing in the
+    same position for about five hours.
+
+    "The shadows of night were falling, and still the firing was kept
+    up without intermission; when a new danger was observed to threaten
+    us. A shell had ignited the long grass in our rear and a light
+    breeze which was blowing soon turned the spark into a
+    conflagration. The Boers, observing this, extended their flanks on
+    our right and left, thus completely cutting off our retreat. Then
+    followed a scene of tumult which is hard to describe. Wounded men
+    who were unable to move ... gazed with wild staring eyes at the
+    flames, which, slowly but surely, crept towards them. Our left wing
+    made one desperate rush to charge the Boers, but had to fall before
+    the leaden hail. When the flames drew near many of our men made
+    heroic efforts to remove our wounded through the blinding smoke and
+    flame.... Others pulled their helmets over their faces and rushed
+    through the fire. In all this confusion I noticed one man who
+    showed rare presence of mind. He was badly wounded, and, being
+    unable to get out of reach of the flames, he took some matches from
+    his pocket and burnt the grass near him. He then crawled on to the
+    black ground, and thus secured for himself a comparatively safe
+    position when the fire approached him. The flames were now upon us,
+    and fighting had ceased. Two men picked me up where I lay wounded,
+    and, rushing with me through the flames, threw me down on the other
+    side, and ran.... The fire burned itself out at the foot of the
+    hill, and then all was darkness till the moon, shining out, showed
+    us the blackened bodies of the dead, and men writhing in pain on
+    the burned earth.
+
+    "Now the Boers came amongst us, and, passing from one wounded man
+    to another, gave us water from their bottles. Then we heard a
+    crackling of whips and a rumbling of wheels. The Boers left us, and
+    we knew the ambulance wagons were coming."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR COLOURS, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    THE KING'S COLOURS.--1st Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre the
+    Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired proper. 2nd Battn., Gules
+    (crimson): in the centre the Royal Cypher reversed and interlaced
+    or, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired
+    proper, in the dexter canton the Union. 3rd Battn.: as for 2nd
+    Battn., and for distinction, issuing from the Union in bend dexter,
+    a pile wavy or.
+
+    REGIMENTAL COLOURS.--The Union: in the centre a company badge
+    ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired proper.
+    The thirty company badges are borne in rotation, three at a time,
+    one on the regimental colour of each of the Battns.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Dettingen, Lincelles, Corunna, Barrosa, Peninsula, Waterloo, Alma,
+    Inkerman, Sevastopol, Egypt 1882, Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1885,
+    Khartoum, S. Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS
+
+("THE NULLI SECONDUS CLUB")
+
+    "Sire! this regiment refuses to be known as second to any in the
+    British Army."--_Monk_ (_to Charles II._)
+
+
+History tells again how, in 1661, Charles, distrusting the soldiers in
+his service, called the 1st Foot Guards back to England. Following upon
+this, he speedily dismissed his Commonwealth soldiers, and, of all the
+Puritan regiments, he retained but one--the Coldstream Guards. This was
+the regiment which Monk had marched from Coldstream to the King's aid;
+hence their retention. An interesting story is related about them. It
+is said that when they were ordered to lay down their arms in
+repudiation of the Commonwealth, and commanded to resume them again, as
+the 2nd Foot Guards, they stood obstinately defiant, on the verge of
+mutiny. King Charles was dumbfounded, but Monk was equal to the
+situation. "Sire," he said, "this regiment refuses to be known as
+second to any in the British Army." On this, Charles, who was quick to
+the occasion with unworded gratitude for their timely help in a
+critical situation, cried: "Coldstream Guards, take up your arms!" and
+from that time forward they have been the Coldstream Guards.
+
+Who can ever forget the glorious achievement of the Coldstream Guards
+at St. Amand in 1793? As soon as the Brigade of Guards gained contact
+with our then Allies-the Prussians and the Austrians--General
+Knobelsdorf, of the Prussian Army, welcomed them with, "I have reserved
+for the Coldstream Guards the honour, the especial glory, of dislodging
+the French from their entrenchments. As British troops you have only to
+show yourselves, and the enemy will retire."
+
+The Coldstreamers rather wondered at his flowery flattery. They did
+not know, and he omitted to tell them, that the honour he had
+reserved for them was one which had been offered three times to
+5,000 Austrians and three times missed by them, with a loss of 1,700
+men. The Coldstreamers, therefore, prepared for the battle in complete
+ignorance of the fact that they were expected to do, with 600 rank and
+file, what 5,000 Austrians had failed to accomplish in three attempts.
+Not that it would have made much difference, for the British soldier
+can always count on doing the impossible about fifty times in a
+century.
+
+The Coldstreamers, ready and eager, moved to the attack, and the
+Prussian General moved with them as far as safety would permit; then,
+desirous apparently that they should achieve this "especial glory"
+without any interference from him, he waved them on with his sword and
+magnanimously galloped away.
+
+Hell opened then on the Coldstream Guards. The wood before them spurted
+flame. Batteries from right and left lumbered up, and, under cover of
+the undergrowth, tore lanes through them at close range. Never, up to
+that time, in the history of battles, had there been such quick and
+fearful slaughter of our troops. In a few minutes two of the companies
+were reduced by one-half. Ensign Howard went down with the colours, and
+on every hand rank and file were blown to pieces. Sergeant-Major
+Darling, one of the many heroes of that awful fight, had one arm
+shattered by a cannon ball, but he fought on with the other with such
+tenacity that his deeds were afterwards described as "prodigies of
+valour." A French officer, seeing so many men go down before him,
+pressed forward and engaged him in a fierce combat. But Darling laid
+him low and continued his terrible work until another ball carried away
+one of his legs. Thus, bereft of a leg and an arm, he was taken
+prisoner. General Knobelsdorf, the Prussian, lived through that day,
+but many, too many, of the Coldstreamers went to their last account,
+fighting gloriously. You may, under some conditions, beat a
+Coldstreamer, but you will never, never convince him that you have done
+so.
+
+At Inkerman the Coldstream Guards, a few hundred strong, actually stood
+up to 4,000 Russians for a time, during which there was the bloodiest
+struggle ever witnessed. The fight was round the Sandbag Battery, where
+700 British had held their own until reinforced by the Guards, and it
+was of such a nature that each guard must needs be a small battalion on
+his own account to do any good at all. Back to back the Coldstreamers
+fought till their ammunition was exhausted. Then they took their
+muskets and clubbed the pressing hosts in such fashion that they made
+space enough to form into line. Thus, with levelled steel, they
+charged. The enemy was thrown into utter confusion by their terrific
+onslaught, and, taking advantage of this, the Coldstreamers regained
+their own lines, having inflicted tremendous loss.
+
+And the Russian in Germany to-day knows all about it. He has not
+forgotten the Coldstreamer of former days, any more than the
+Coldstreamer has forgotten the glorious deeds of the Russian; and, no
+doubt, if they could sit by the same camp-fire, many such a battle
+story would be told, through the interpreter, of those good old days
+"when we flew at each other's throats."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR COLOURS.
+
+    THE KING'S COLOURS.--1st Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre the
+    Star of the Order of the Garter proper, ensigned with the Imperial
+    Crown; in base the Sphinx superscribed Egypt. 2nd Battn., Gules
+    (crimson): in the centre a star of eight points argent within the
+    garter, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base the Sphinx
+    superscribed Egypt, in the "dexter" canton the Union. 3rd Battn.,
+    as for the 1st Battn., and for difference in the dexter canton, the
+    Union and issuing therefrom in bend dexter a pile wavy or.
+
+
+
+
+THE ROYAL SCOTS
+
+("PONTIUS PILATE'S BODY GUARD")
+
+    "A volley, my lads, and then the steel!"--_Their Captain at
+    Wepener._
+
+
+The Royal Scots (1st Foot, or Lothian Regiment) are old in story.
+Several hundreds of years before the battle of Blenheim, which is among
+the first of their honours, the Royal Scots had traced their earlier
+glories on the roll of fame. Few European battlefields could disclaim
+acquaintance with them, and there are few on which they have not been
+responsible for terrific slaughter, and a large share in the crux of
+victory. Their ancestors far back fought under Gustavus Adolphus: their
+lineal descendents fight now under King George; and the bridge between
+that time and this has been held by them heroically.
+
+It is interesting to trace their battles from the first. Long, long
+ago, fighting for Sweden, they captured and defended Rugenwald in
+Pomerania. Being wrecked on a hostile coast, with Adolphus eighty miles
+away, these Scots were led by Munro, with what might seem to us an
+absurd hope of victory. All day they waited in the caves by the sea
+shore, starving, wet, and cold--waited for the night, so that, under
+the cover of darkness, they might bring their desperate plan to
+fruition. Darkness fell; the moon rose, and these hungry Scots went
+forth to the attack. In one stroke they captured Rugenwald, and held it
+against repeated attempts on the part of the enemy to retake it. For
+nine weeks they gripped this place, and held on tooth and nail till
+Hepburn's men, fighting mile after mile to their relief, came up.
+
+Hepburn's men! They were Scots, every one of them. Men who, led by
+Hepburn himself, captured Frankfort on the Oder. He took them to the
+attack waist deep through the mud and water of the moat. At the great
+battle of Leipzig, "the battle of the Nations," Gustavus held these men
+in reserve. Then, when the issue was in danger, he flung them forward.
+The musketry fire galled them severely, but through it all the pikemen
+went cheering on, and put the enemy to an inglorious rout.
+
+Later, in 1632, Hepburn, who was somewhat a soldier of fortune, found
+himself on his way to aid the King of France. In 1634 he led his
+regiments against the Austrians and Spaniards. Here he was joined by
+Scots from France, and Scots from Sweden. Other Scots came up from the
+four quarters of the compass, as if by a gathering of the clans, and
+three years later there were 8,000 of them serving under the King of
+France. Those 8,000 are the martial sires of the present Royal Scots.
+
+As to the heroic achievements of the Royal Scots, we may instance the
+battle of Wynendale. General Webb (Thackeray's favourite General of
+"Colonel Esmond") won that battle with an army of 8,000 men against
+22,000 Frenchmen. It was his work to take supplies from Ostend to
+Marlborough's army in the field. Near the wood of Wynendale he detected
+the preponderating force of the enemy intent on intercepting his
+mission, but, in order to do this, they must traverse the wood. The
+odds were nearly three to one against Webb, but, relying on his men as
+much as on his own generalship, he decided to put up a fight of fights.
+The way of the enemy's approach was a great glade through the wood, and
+to right and left of this he placed detachments of his troops while he
+stationed the main body of his army at the point where they must
+debouch. Then he waited. That long wait for the oncoming host has been
+much described: how for a time they gazed up the long avenue through
+which the foe must come; how every man felt that tense expectancy,
+which lends to the simple sounds of nature a meaning of their own, and
+how 8,000 staunch hearts went back to the old folks at home with
+tenderness, and possible regret, before the descent of an avalanche
+which threatened to bereave their hearths.
+
+But at length the enemy teemed in at the further end of the glade. On
+they came, warily scanning the wood, but it was not till the Royal
+Scots poured a volley into them that the enemy actually realized what
+was happening. When the smoke cleared away, confusion reigned in their
+ranks; they rallied, and came on with greater determination, but again
+they were hurled into disorder and death by the British fire. Yet a
+third time they attempted it, and with all the bravery of the French,
+but a third time they met with that penetrating fire that none but the
+British, with their ugly bulldog pertinacity, can stand. They failed to
+forge their way through the storm of lead, and at last retired in
+confusion, leaving one third their number of British as victors of the
+field.
+
+The Royal Scots have more than once been helped out of a difficulty by
+other regiments. For instance, at Schellenberg in 1714, the ultimate
+victory, after three daring attempts on the part of the Royal Scots,
+who fought their way up against a heavy fire from the heights above,
+was made sure by the Scots Greys, who dismounted and rushed to their
+assistance. This engagement cost the French a valuable position, and 16
+guns.
+
+This help in the time of extreme peril was balanced by the Royal Scots
+at the battle of Lundy's Lane, where they arrived in the nick of time
+to make up 2,800 British against 5,000 Americans. After a hard fight
+the enemy was driven back, but they opened again with a devastating
+fire of musketry and artillery, following it up with a most determined
+charge. So desperate was their onslaught that the British guns were
+captured, and immediately following on this, the Royal Scots performed
+a deed which is underlined in history. They recaptured those guns, and
+left the enemy bewildered. This was the closest fight imaginable. In
+the thick of it, the opposing cannon almost spoke into each others'
+mouths. So close they were, that neither side could say, "This is my
+gun." In point of fact, in the heat of the moment a British limber
+carried off an American gun, and an American a British gun. On that
+field the contact between British and American was extremely close. In
+these days it is just as close, but not exactly in the same fierce
+spirit.
+
+One of the foremost of the exploits of the Royal Scots was the defence
+of Tangier against the Moors in 1678. In Port Henrietta some 160 of the
+Royal Scots had been isolated. In order to facilitate their escape
+their comrades in the town created a diversion by leading a general
+attack. In the midst of this the Scots got as far as the first trench
+surrounding the fort, but, at the outer one, which was 12 feet deep,
+they came into close grips with the enemy. There it was sheer
+knife-fighting, and many Royal Scots went to the bottom of the pit. One
+hundred and twenty of them filled it full, and over that bridge of
+silence forty survivors hewed their way through.
+
+The last charge at Wepener is described in the History of the Boer War
+as follows "The Royal Scots saw the Boers rushing and their warrior
+hearts beat quick with joy. Shortly, like a man in a dream, their
+Captain gave the word, 'Fix bayonets!' It was done in a trice. 'Ready!'
+The men loaded their rifles. 'A volley, my lads, and then the steel!
+Altogether--' The whistle blows, the flame flies along the parapet.
+Then, over the stone wall, sprang the Royal Scots. Once they shouted,
+once only. Then the slaying began.... Fifty thousand savage throats
+swelled the battle chorus. Ever since the siege began the black
+warriors had been gathered in their thousands on the heights, watching
+with fascinated interest the struggle of the white men. Like the
+spectators of a medieval tournament they had applauded the gallant
+deeds of the combatants, and, as they saw the British soldiers holding
+out day after day, night after night, against the assault of numerous
+odds, they came to have a profound trust and confidence in the 'big
+heart' of the Queen's soldiers. When, therefore, they saw the Royal
+Scots launch themselves like a living bolt at five times their number,
+they held their breath for a time, wondering what the end might be. But
+when they saw the bloody bayonets of the 1st Foot scatter and utterly
+destroy the hated Dutchman they opened their throats and yelled their
+applause across the river."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Royal Cypher within the Collar of the Order of the
+    Thistle with the Badge appendant. In each of the four corners the
+    Thistle within the Circle and motto of the Order, ensigned with the
+    Imperial Crown.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Blenheim,
+    Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Louisburg, St. Lucia,
+    Egmont-op-Zee, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, St. Sebastian,
+    Nive, Peninsula, Niagara, Waterloo, Nagpore, Maheidpore, Ava, Alma,
+    Inkerman, Sevastopol, Taku Forts, Pekin, S. Africa 1889-1902.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with blue facings.
+
+    [This distinguished corps is the oldest regiment in the Army, hence
+    its nickname of Pontius Pilate's Body Guard. There is a tradition
+    that it represents the body of Scottish Archers who for centuries
+    formed the guard of the French kings. It fought under Gustavus
+    Adolphus, King of Sweden, in the Seven Years' War, and was
+    incorporated in the British Army in 1633. Since that date it has
+    seen service in every part of the globe.]
+
+
+
+
+THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"
+
+("THE SHINERS")
+
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" (Northumberland Fusiliers) have a peculiar paradox
+in their history. They were first raised in 1674 by Prince William of
+Orange, the Dutchman, and, in the last Boer War, they were fighting
+against the Dutch themselves. But even stranger things than that have
+come to pass in these later days when we have good cause to call our
+old allies our enemies, and our old enemies our allies.
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" derived their regimental name, the Northumberland
+Fusiliers, from Hugh, Earl Percy, afterwards Duke of Northumberland,
+who commanded the regiment during the American War of Independence. For
+their fighting in the seventeenth century Prince William assembled them
+before the whole army, and publicly rewarded them for their services.
+It must be remembered that there were still services to come, for, when
+the Prince returned to England, fourteen years later, to deprive his
+father-in-law of his throne, the "Fighting Fifth" had not forgotten his
+kind offices. On this occasion they were regarded by the English with
+pride and admiration. "Even the peasants," says Macaulay, "whispered to
+one another as they marched by: 'There be our own lads; there be the
+brave fellows who hurled back the French on the field of Seneffe!'"
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" gained many laurels in Portugal and Spain, where,
+on more than one occasion, they drove the enemy before them in utter
+confusion. It is in this war that their fighting traditions are chiefly
+founded.
+
+At Ciudad Rodrigo it was the "Fighting Fifth" who stormed the approach.
+Afterwards they fought their way with fusil and steel through
+Salamanca, Nivelle, Vittoria, Orthes, and Toulouse, right up to Paris.
+
+One of their greatest achievements was the successful defence of
+Gibraltar, when the Spaniards made their first attempt to recover it.
+Since that time there is scarce a page of fighting history up to the
+time of the Napoleonic Wars that contains no deed of this bull-dog
+regiment.
+
+Their nickname is almost as old as their regiment. It was at the siege
+of Maestricht in 1676, when the regiment was only two years old, that a
+section of these men, only 200 strong, assaulted the Dauphin
+bastion--an affair out of which, after the most sanguinary combat, no
+more than fifty emerged. Yet maddened, rather than daunted, these
+fifty, with some few reinforcements, made a further attack on the
+bastion; and this time they took it, but only to meet with disaster.
+The place was mined, and a terrible explosion killed a large number,
+and covered others in wreckage. Many, however, emerged, and these
+proceeded to hold the position.
+
+The tale of how they entered Badajoz stirs the blood. The 2nd Battalion
+led the storming party. Their way led over a narrow bridge. Here, under
+a terrible fire, the foremost fell in heaps; but their comrades pressed
+forward over their prostrate bodies, and planted ladders against the
+beetling walls of the castle. For a time the "Fighting Fifth" suffered
+heavily. Again and again the desperate attackers reached the summit of
+the walls, only to be hurled back by the enemy. Here they swarmed up
+like bees, to be swept down again by a raking fire; there, another
+ladder broken, another overturned, with men everywhere falling and
+climbing, climbing and falling. The chance of scaling those walls
+seemed hopeless, and at length the Fifth paused, and looked at one
+another. Then, at that psychological moment, the cheering of the enemy
+above broke the spell. Their cheers were answered by a fierce shout
+from our men, who rushed to the attack with a never-give-in
+determination that finally gained the ramparts, and drove the garrison
+out of the castle, out of the town, and into the distance, not without
+great slaughter. It was at Badajoz that the Fifth lost their brave
+colonel, who struck in at that psychological moment, and led the final
+victorious onslaught. He fell, shot through the heart, at the very
+moment that victory was assured. "None that night," says Napier, "died
+with more glory; yet many died, and there was much glory." The taking
+of Badajoz was indeed a piece of work which required all the dogged
+tenacity of purpose to be found in such fearless heroes as the
+"Fighting Fifth."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--St. George and the Dragon. In each of the four corners the
+    united Red and White Rose slipped, ensigned with the Royal Crest.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Quo fata vocant."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Wilhelmsthal, Roleia, Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco,
+    Cuidad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Nivelle, Orthes,
+    Toulouse, Peninsula, Lucknow, Afghanistan 1878-80, Khartoum, S.
+    Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with gosling-green
+    facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT
+
+("THE LEATHER HATS")
+
+
+The Liverpool Regiment, like the 5th Dragoon Guards, was raised to help
+James, and, like them, it sided with the right against him. When James
+tried to place Roman Catholic officers over English regiments, with the
+help of the Liverpool Regiment, the colonel and five officers strongly
+objected. James sent his son, Fitzjames, Duke of Berwick, to
+Portsmouth, to correct them; but on this, and the issue of it, the
+country rose, saying unanimously that James was wrong, and the "six
+Portsmouth captains" were right. James had to flee from a country which
+entertained ideas so strange to his way of thinking. In memory of this
+protest against oppression, the portraits of those "six Portsmouth
+captains" are preserved to this day by the regiment. Once having
+definitely seceded, the Liverpool Regiment went further in the defence
+of liberty, and fought fiercely at the Boyne.
+
+But it was in the Netherlands that the "Leather Hats" performed their
+first great feat of valour. Lord Cutts, whom they dubbed "The
+Salamander"--because, where the fire was hottest, there was Cutts to be
+found--ordered them, against all sane strategy, to storm the fortress
+of Venloo. Everyone said it was impossible to take it, but the
+Liverpool Regiment, who were actually facing the matter, got a
+different view into their heads. They said nothing, but obeyed
+commands--and took it. "Over bastion, fausse, bray and raveline," says
+a graphic chronicler, "over trench, glacis and escarpment, Cutts led
+his dare-devils; the ditches were heaped with the dead, till the living
+walked over them, and--the enemy ran upon the farther side." It was a
+magnificent feat of arms, and a fitting preface to Blenheim, Dettingen,
+Lucknow, and their glorious deeds at the front to-day.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The White Horse within the Garter. In each of the four
+    corners the Royal Cypher.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Nec aspera terrent."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Blenheim,
+    Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen, Martinique, Niagara,
+    Delhi, Lucknow, Peiwar Kotal, Afghanistan 1878-80, Burma 1885-87,
+    S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE NORFOLKS
+
+("THE HOLY BOYS")
+
+    "Our country will, I believe, sooner forgive an officer for
+    attacking his enemy, than for omitting to do it....
+
+    "A Norfolk man is as good as two others."--_Nelson._
+
+
+Of the Norfolk Regiment, then known as the 9th (East Norfolk) Regiment,
+Napier said, with a happy mixture of blame and praise: "They were
+guilty of a fierce neglect of orders in taking a path leading
+immediately to the enemy." Indeed, that is exactly what they did at the
+battle of Roliça on the 17th August, 1808. Their intrepidity and fine
+carelessness in regard to their lives were on that day the subject of
+unstinted praise on the part of the whole French army, who, in those
+times it must be remembered, were our enemies. A brief description of
+the battle will show the stern stuff that the Norfolks are made of.
+
+The enemy, under Laborde, held a very strong position, and it was
+Wellington's object to drive them from it at the earliest opportunity.
+The Norfolks, under Brigadier Nightingale, came up with Wellington's
+army from Obidos, three columns strong. The 9th occupied the position
+in the centre, which fronted the enemy in possession of a natural
+fortress of gigantic crags, looming steep and forbidding against the
+sky. The only way of ascent was by means of some zigzag tracks, which,
+at many points, were open to the enemy's fire.
+
+Under these conditions, it would have been possible for our men to
+proceed by halt and rush, with a slow but sure caution; but the
+Norfolks, flinging all caution to the winds, hurled themselves forward
+to get at the enemy as quickly as possible. They swarmed up the
+heights, giving the foe a hot example of their musketry fire as they
+swung forward. It is said that their exploit was in full view of both
+armies as the smoke of their firing marked their passage from crag to
+crag. The rapidity of their advance was so great that the other
+regiments of the central column were left far behind. Laborde, taking
+advantage of their prominent position, proceeded to throw the greater
+part of his army against them, thinking to wipe them out before they
+could receive support. This was partially successful, for the enemy's
+fierce onslaught bore the 2nd battalion back. Fiercely; the Norfolks
+contested every inch of the way, and it was a wonder of wonders that
+they lost so little ground against overwhelming odds before the 1st
+battalion came to their assistance. Then, with scarce a breathing
+space, they re-formed their ranks, and, with a hearty British cheer,
+swept forward and upward again.
+
+That heroic and dashing encounter, in which the battle was to the
+swift--for it will be remembered that they had outstripped the rest of
+the army--is one that can never be forgotten in the annals of our
+history. Slowly, point by point, they gained the advantage, and finally
+drove the enemy from the summit. But, having taken the position, they
+had to hold it again and again against the furious efforts of the enemy
+to dislodge them. The reckless dash of their ascent could only be
+equalled by the stubborn resistance with which they held on, and, time
+after time, Laborde's battalions were driven back. Finally, the
+Northumberland Fusiliers came to their assistance, and the enemy was
+forced to retire. This was a victory set upon a hill, and, in the same
+spirit in which it was witnessed that day by thousands of opposing
+forces, so it is for ever pictured in our minds. With the battle of
+Roliça in their traditions, the Norfolk Regiment, as we write, are no
+doubt adding to the list of their brilliant achievements.
+
+In this battle a memorable act of heroism glorifies a page of
+history--a page written in the Norfolk blood of Sergeant-Major
+Richards. At the time when our skirmishers advanced rapidly, and the
+echo of their quick musketry fire hung reverberating in the ravine and
+hollow as they ran from cover to cover, two companies crept up two
+separate passes among the rocks and debouched upon the summit of the
+ridge. The foremost of the 9th, on emerging two or three at a time from
+their narrow passage, were ambushed by the enemy. Blake, their brave
+Colonel, was killed, and many of his men fell around him. When the
+ambuscade rushed forth to grips, Sergeant-Major Richards, though
+riddled with lead, and bleeding from a dozen bayonet wounds, stood over
+his beloved commander and fought to the death. This brave fellow, than
+whom there was never a braver, said, as he was dying, "I should not
+have cared so much if only our Colonel had been spared." In those few
+words, at such a moment, breathed the true spirit of the Norfolks, and
+that glorious simplicity of thought and singleness of eye--fine, grand,
+unconsciously sublime--runs through every line of our great Book of
+Battles. We are not glad that our enemy of to-day has not written such
+a book, nor do we trouble to wish he had: the fact is fixed that he has
+not. Indeed, he had never the material for such a book, for it is
+obvious that the same barbarous hand that struck out an innocent
+Louvain could not insert such an anachronism as the heroic death and
+noble sentiment of a Sergeant-Major Richards of the Norfolks.
+
+But Roliça, although the most prominent of their honours, is only one
+among many that have been set to their credit. They have more than once
+been in a position of extreme peril. When Ruffin's brigade at Barrosa
+realised that the Norfolks were cut off through an error on the part of
+our Spanish Allies, they turned the whole fury of their overwhelming
+odds upon that single regiment. Then it was a case of fighting, and
+dying, back to back. All fought like heroes, and, like heroes, most of
+them died. It was only when Brigadier Dilkes came to their assistance
+that the few survivors were extricated from their hazardous position.
+Needless to say, the handful that remained joined at once with Dilkes'
+column, and assaulted the enemy's heights. A grim battle ensued, and at
+length a brilliant victory was gained.
+
+In the history of the Norfolks is written one of the saddest incidents
+in the annals of our arms. It was they who, at Corunna, at dead of
+night, buried Sir John Moore, under the shadow of disaster--a sorrowful
+ending to an adverse passage which, although it concealed a marvellous
+achievement, few of us care to linger upon in days when victory is
+before us, and all thoughts of defeat forgotten.
+
+At Fuentes d'Onoro, a description of which battle will be found in
+another chapter, the Norfolks, in company with many other regiments of
+our present expeditionary force, fought with all their customary vim;
+and at Salamanca their assault on the enemy was as if they had been let
+go from a catapult. At a time when they were fully 500 yards in front
+of our main body of troops, Wellington saw the chance of making use of
+them to capture a particular post held by the enemy. He sent his
+aide-de-camp scouring up to them with the hurried message: "Ninth! you
+are the only regiment ready; advance!" They required no further
+indication to grasp what was to be done; in fact, they would probably
+have done it in the natural course of events, without the order; they
+charged on, and at the point of the irresistible bayonet the post was
+taken.
+
+Many a forlorn hope has been led by the Norfolks. One that remains
+indelibly stamped on our memory is that at San Sebastian, headed by a
+Scots lad, named Campbell. This poor fellow was terribly wounded in the
+first onslaught, receiving a bayonet thrust, and a heavy sabre gash.
+The young hero was not to die of his wounds however. Very much on the
+contrary, he lived to become Sir Colin Campbell, Commander-in-Chief in
+India; and, for his splendid services in suppressing the Indian Mutiny
+was created Baron Clyde.
+
+Having come through many terrible fights with honour and glory, and
+without a stain, it is naturally the great regret of this famous
+regiment that they were not at present at Waterloo. But, though absent
+from our greatest field of victory, they were doing good work at the
+time in Canada. Yet it has come to their share in these days to reap
+honours in fields not far from Waterloo, and we live to learn that, in
+the deeds of to-day, and to-morrow, a Norfolk man is indeed as good as
+at least two Germans.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The figure of Britannia.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Roliça, Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca,
+    Vittoria, St. Sebastian, Nive, Peninsula, Cabool 1842, Moodkee,
+    Ferozeshah, Sobraon, Sevastopol, Kabul 1879, Afghanistan 1870-80,
+    S. Africa 1900-02, Paardeberg.
+
+    HEROES OF PERTHSHIRE--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with
+    yellow facings.
+
+    [Raised in 1685. Received the title "East Norfolk Regiment" in
+    1782, and became the Norfolk Regiment in 1881. The badge of the
+    figure of Britannia was bestowed on the regiment in recognition of
+    its gallantry at the battle of Almanza (1707). This regiment was
+    the last of the British forces to embark at Corunna (1809), and was
+    entrusted with the burial of Sir John Moore, in memory of which
+    event the officers of the regiment wear a black line in their lace.]
+
+
+
+
+THE BLACK WATCH (ROYAL HIGHLANDERS)
+
+("HEROES OF PERTHSHIRE")
+
+    "We are but few, but of the right sort."--_Nelson._
+
+    "Highlanders, remember Egypt!"--_Sir John Moore at Corunna._
+
+
+These men need a book to themselves. It is impossible here to give more
+than a short account of one or two of their most brilliant fights, but,
+as from the peck you may judge of the barrel, so one will find the
+invincible temper of the Black Watch in every line and every word.
+
+It was at Fontenoy that the Black Watch first met a foreign foe, and
+their dealings with that foe were an emphatic earnest of their future
+honours. The fortune of war was not on their side; they were forced to
+retreat, covering it in such perfect order that Lord Crawford waved his
+hat to them, with the well-remembered approval that they had achieved
+as great honour as if they had gained an actual victory.
+
+The Black Watch have acquired great reputation in America. They
+distinguished themselves notably at Bushey Run, and it was in the War
+of Independence that they contributed their severest and most difficult
+work. A chronicler of the doings of this regiment writes on this
+passage in their history: "In every field the Black Watch maintained
+their hardly earned reputation," and many are the recorded deeds of
+individual courage and readiness. Here is one instance by the same
+chronicler:
+
+    "In a skirmish with the Americans in 1776, Major Murray, of the
+    42nd, being separated from his men, was attacked by three of the
+    enemy. His dirk slipped behind his back, and, being a big stout
+    man, he could not reach it, but defended himself as well as he
+    could with his fusil, and, watching his opportunity, seized the
+    sword of one of his assailants, and put the three to flight."
+
+The battle of Alexandria was perhaps one of the most brilliant in the
+whole career of the Black Watch. At a time when the two wings of their
+regiment stood some 200 yards apart, the Invincibles of France, valiant
+fighters, forced their way between, with one six-pounder. As soon as
+the Highlanders found that they had been, in a sense, caught napping, a
+roar of wrath rose from their ranks, and swiftly their right wing swung
+down on the interloping French, broke their ranks and captured their
+gun. The left wing, facing the other way, wheeled swiftly, and fell
+like mountain cats on the French rear. The enemy, who had thought to
+split the 42nd to some purpose, were thus themselves caught in a death
+trap. The Invincibles rushed helter-skelter for cover in the ruins near
+by, and after them, terrible in pursuit, went the Black Watch. The
+plaided ranks drew together, and charged again and again with fixed
+bayonets, while the pursued fled before those gleaming points until
+they were brought to bay in a position where they were forced to turn
+and fight. It was a brave and memorable fight then on both sides. The
+courage of despair was on the enemy's side, and the cool, relentless
+courage of the Caledonians was on ours. But in the end the enemy,
+having lost 700 of their men, were forced to yield.
+
+This temporary victory, however, afforded no respite for the Black
+Watch. Hot upon the action came a strong column of French infantry
+swiftly advancing, and it was a matter of the utmost importance that
+they should be attacked at once. The Black Watch, dishevelled as they
+were, their great chests still heaving with their exertions, were flung
+forward by Sir Ralph Abercromby, who, in the urgency of the critical
+moment, himself hallooed them on.
+
+It was a quick passage. After a clashing impact, the Black Watch broke
+the French column and scattered it in flight. Seeing the Highlanders
+eagerly pursuing, and in danger of being cut off by three squadrons of
+cavalry, General Moore ordered the pursuers to retire. It appears that,
+in the crash and roar of the battle, this order was lost upon the
+foremost pursuers, who were dealing death right and left, and they were
+not aware of what threatened until the French cavalry was thundering
+down upon them. It was so sudden that the Highlanders had barely time
+to retrieve their scattered state, and rally back to back. Thus,
+raising their fierce northern battle-cry, they fought against fearful
+odds, a small body of men surrounded on every hand. But even from this
+they emerged victorious, routing the very flower of the French cavalry.
+So it was that in one day this regiment won three brilliant victories,
+each one of which had seemed at first almost a forlorn hope.
+
+It must be remembered that the Royal Highlander has always been a
+perfect swordsman, terrible with his rifle, and deadly with his pistol.
+His strength is renowned in history. There have been men among them who
+have claimed no great superiority over their fellows from the fact of
+being able to twist a horseshoe, or drive a skeandhu up to the hilt in
+a pine log. Fatigue, hunger, thirst, the extremes of heat and cold--all
+these are with those men the mere commonplace foes of a Spartan
+existence--foes which have always found and left them silent, patiently
+contemptuous, where foes of flesh and blood would at once arouse them
+to anger of the grimmest kind.
+
+Perhaps no part of the world has seen the Black Watch in as true a
+light as the Peninsula. From all quarters of it their honours are
+drawn. They were with Moore at Corunna on that memorable occasion, when
+on a sudden he cried out to them: "Highlanders, remember Egypt!"
+
+With reference to this speech, and the moment it was delivered,
+tradition has clothed it with romance. At many a Highland fireside,
+when the eerie spirit sits in the glen and whispers round the lonely
+sheilings, it has been said by aged warriors, who had lived on in peace
+perhaps into the sixties, that, at those words, the men around him, who
+loved him best, saw, with the uncanny second sight of their race, a
+misty shimmering shroud enclosing their commander's form, portentous of
+his coming death.
+
+The words "Highlanders, remember Egypt!" referred to the occasion when,
+at Alexandria, Sir Ralph Abercromby being taken prisoner, and his
+captor being shot by a Royal Highlander, the regiment, though broken,
+continued to fight individually. It is no wonder that Sir John Moore,
+who had marvelled at their prowess, should exhort them, eight years
+later, at Corunna, to remember Egypt.
+
+At Toulouse, Pack, as he galloped swiftly up with General Clinton's
+orders, drew rein in silence before the Black Watch. Then he spoke
+calmly, but with elation: "General Clinton has been pleased to grant my
+request that the 42nd shall have the honour of leading the attack. The
+42nd will advance!" There were 500 who went in, and there were about
+ninety who came out alive. One can imagine then their terrible passage
+up to the fatal redoubt, and all the more clearly may be pictured the
+determination of it from the fact that, when they reached it, the enemy
+had fled.
+
+When they were before the heights of Alma, Sir Colin Campbell turned to
+them, and cried: "Men, the army is watching us. Make me proud of my
+Highland brigade!" From the future, near and far, the whole wide world
+watches them, and a great Empire has been made proud of them. Kinglake
+tells this part of the story with a fine touch. "Smoothly, easily, and
+swiftly," he says, "the Black Watch seemed to glide up the hill. A few
+instants before, and their tartans ranged dark in the valley; now their
+plumes waved on the crest." The enemy did not stay for the coming
+onslaught, for, as many said afterwards, they "did not like those men
+in the petticoats, with their red vulture plumes and their coloured
+tartans."
+
+At Ticonderoga, in 1758, they suffered heavily, in blood, though not in
+honour. Of that encounter an officer of the 55th, who was in the
+engagement, says: "It is with a mixture of esteem, grief, and envy,
+that I considered the great loss and immortal glory won by the Scots
+Highlanders in the late bloody affair." From all historical accounts it
+seems that the enemy was very strongly entrenched, in front by ditches,
+and on the battle side by barricades of felled trees. From this cover
+they sent volley upon volley into the ranks of the advancing
+Highlanders. "Yet," says one chronicler:
+
+    "The Scots hewed their way through the obstacles with their
+    broadswords, and--no ladders having been provided--made strenuous
+    efforts to carry the breastwork, partly by mounting on each other's
+    shoulders, and partly by placing their feet in holes which they dug
+    with their swords and bayonets in the face of the works. After a
+    desperate struggle, which lasted nearly four hours, General
+    Abercromby, seeing no possible chance of success, ordered a
+    retreat--an order which had to be _thrice repeated_ before the
+    Highlanders would withdraw from the unequal contest!"
+
+What the Black Watch would have done at Balaclava and Inkerman, had
+they been there, can be conjectured, but, sufficient to say that
+Sevastopol bears witness to their many deeds of outright bravery.
+
+The officers of the Black Watch have always been, needless to say, the
+soul of honour of the body of their men. In the following letter--a
+letter which might form part of a great poem--Colonel Macleod writes to
+the Sultan Tippoo:
+
+    "You, or your interpreter have said in your letter to me that I
+    have lied, or made a _mensonge_. Permit me to inform you, Prince,
+    that this thing is not good for you to give, or for me to receive,
+    and if I were alone with you in the desert, you would not dare to
+    say these words to me. An Englishman scorns to lie; this is an
+    irreparable affront to an English warrior. If you have courage
+    enough to meet me, take 100 of your _bravest_ men on foot; meet me
+    on the sea shore; I will fight you, and 100 men of mine will fight
+    yours."
+
+This has the true epic ring of all time, even back to the state and
+condition of the heroic savage who, instinct with honour, said:
+"Friend, if I had an axe, and thou hadst an axe, then we should see
+where the truth stands." But, alas! in some parts of the world where
+savagery is no longer heroic, the days of the true epic have gone by,
+its local death warrant being writ upon a "scrap of paper" crumpled in
+an Emperor's hand.
+
+But the Black Watch, though it has fed, as it were, upon the hearts of
+lions in its immortal traditions of the far past, can live more
+intimately in the atmosphere of recent glories. Evan McGregor, Robert
+Dick, Stewart of Garth, Gordon Drummond, Hope Grant--these are immortal
+names appended to half its story only. Its later history is lit by the
+fame of the Eighth Earl of Airlie, who was killed at Diamond Hill in
+1900. When he sailed from our shores for South Africa, almost his last
+words were: "Remember, if I am killed in action, whatever memorial you
+put for me, that you say on it I had died as I wished." And, in
+confirmation of this, after Magersfontein: "I like the Boers, and am
+very proud to be fighting against them.... I am very happy." A
+sentiment which we, in later years, can parallel with the fact that
+Botha's son (aged seventeen years) has enlisted to fight for Britain--a
+step approved by his heroic father.
+
+It was the old 73rd (now the 2nd Battalion Black Watch) which, under
+General Wauchope, their former colonel, fought so heroically in the
+Boer War, losing their brave commander at Magersfontein. The 73rd was,
+from 1809 to 1881, an ordinary line regiment, the Scottish dress and
+kilt having been abandoned. As such it fought at Waterloo, which, among
+others, it gives as an "honour" to the Black Watch. In 1881 it was made
+the 2nd Battalion Black Watch, and resumed the doublet, kilt and
+feather bonnet.
+
+The spirit of the Earl of Airlie is alive to-day--as much alive as it
+was in Scotland, when the "Heroes of Perthshire" laid their lives at
+the feet of him they believed to be their rightful king. Then, as
+since, they lived and died fighting; and, out of their brave deeds from
+that to this, there has arisen the peculiar significance of those three
+words--thrilling and dear to British hearts, chilling and terrible to
+Britain's foes--THE BLACK WATCH.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Royal Cypher within the Garter. The badge and motto of
+    the Order of the Thistle. In each of the four corners the Royal
+    Cypher, ensigned with the Royal Crown.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Mysore, Mangalore,
+    Seringapatam, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive,
+    Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1846-47, 1851-53,
+    Alma, Sevastopol, Lucknow, Ashantee, Egypt 1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir,
+    Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan, S. Africa 1899-1902, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Batts., scarlet and blue facings.
+
+    [The 1st Battn. was first formed from the independent companies
+    raised in 1729 from the Highland clans, and received the name of
+    Black Watch from the hue of its tartan. The newly-formed regiment
+    greatly distinguished itself at Fontenoy and against the French in
+    N. America. At Ticonderoga it lost 25 officers, 19 sergeants, and
+    603 rank and file in killed and wounded, and received the title of
+    Royal Highlanders in recognition of its bravery. The 2nd Battn.,
+    raised in 1780, became a separate regiment in 1786, and it was this
+    Battn. a detachment of which was in the wreck of the _Birkenhead_.
+    The Black Watch gained the red hackle during the campaign in
+    Flanders (1794-95). The 42nd was one of the four regiments
+    mentioned in dispatches after Waterloo. The 2nd Battn. was at
+    Magersfontein in 1899, where it lost 19 officers and over 300
+    killed and wounded. This regiment has a record which is only
+    equalled by one or two regiments in the British Army.]
+
+
+
+
+THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT
+
+("THE BLOODSUCKERS")
+
+    "Shew me a well authenticated instance of the troops of any other
+    nation gaining and holding an 'impossible' position against fearful
+    odds, and I will shew you a wavering in, or, at least, a
+    qualification of, our national faith that our allied British
+    infantry is the best in the world."--_French Daily Newspaper,
+    August, 1914._
+
+
+It was at Elandslaagte that the 1st Battalion of this gallant regiment,
+together with the Gordon Highlanders and the Light Horse, distinguished
+themselves in a terrible passage of arms. The following graphic account
+is taken down from the words of a soldier who went through that
+terrible affair:
+
+    "It was nearly five o'clock on that day," he said, "when it seemed
+    to be growing curiously dark. And we soon saw the reason. As our
+    men moved forward the heavens opened, and from the eastern sky
+    swept a sheet of rain. With the first stabbing drops the horses
+    turned their heads, and no whip or spur could bring them up to it.
+    It drove through our mackintoshes as if they were blotting-paper;
+    the air was filled with a hissing sound, and underfoot you could
+    see the solid earth pounded into mud, and the mud flowing away in
+    streams of slush. The rain blotted out hill and dale and enemy in
+    one great curtain of swooping water. You would have said that the
+    heavens had opened to drown the wrath of man.
+
+    "Through it the guns still thundered, and the khaki column pushed
+    doggedly on. The infantry got among the boulders and began to open
+    out. The supports and reserves followed. Then, in a twinkling, on
+    the stone-pitted hill-face, burst loose another storm--a storm of
+    lead and death. In the first line, down behind the rocks, the men
+    were firing fast, and the bullets came pelting round them. The men
+    stooped, and staggered, and dropped limply, as if a string that
+    held them upright had been cut. The line pushed on, and the colonel
+    fell, shot in the arm.
+
+    "The regiment pursued their way until they came to a rocky ledge
+    twenty feet high. Here they clung to cover, firing, then rose, and
+    were among the shrill bullets again. A major was left at the bottom
+    of the ridge with a pipe in his mouth, and a Mauser bullet through
+    his leg. His company rushed on. Onwards and upwards--down, fire
+    again--up again, and on. Another ridge won and passed, and only one
+    more hellish hail of bullets beyond. More men down. More men
+    hurried forward into the firing line--more death-piping bullets
+    than ever. The air was a sieve of them; they came with unceasing
+    ping, and beat on the boulders like a million hammers; they
+    ploughed the rocks and tore the turf like harrows. Another ridge
+    crowned, another whistling gust of perdition. More men down; more
+    men pushing into the firing line. Half the officers killed or
+    wounded--the men panted and stumbled on--another ridge taken! God!
+    would this cursed hill never end? It was sown with bleeding and
+    dead behind us; it was edged with stinging fire before. 'Fix
+    bayonets!' Staff officers rushed up, urging the men on. There was
+    now no line, only a surging wave. Devonshires, Gordon Highlanders,
+    Manchester, and Light Horse all mixed--subalterns commanding
+    regiments, soldiers yelling advice, officers firing carbines--all
+    stumbling, leaping, killing, falling--all drunk with battle. At
+    length we gained the ridge, and saw the Boer camp below. The Boers
+    were galloping out of it helter skelter, with Lancers and Dragoon
+    Guards spearing and stamping them into the ground. Suddenly we
+    heard the bugle call 'Cease fire!' and, wondering slightly at such
+    an order at such a time, we began to retire. But we were soon met
+    by a boy bugler rushing forward, who, in reply to our remarks about
+    the order, yelled, 'Cease fire be damned!' And then we discovered
+    that the Boers, who had learnt our bugle calls, had blown the
+    blast. On this, we turned about, charged again, and so made good
+    the battle of Elandslaagte."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Egmont-op-Zee, Martinique, Guadaloupe, Peninsula,
+    Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, New Zealand, Afghanistan 1879-80, Egypt
+    1882, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battn., scarlet with white facings.
+
+    [1st Battn. raised in 1685, 2nd Battn. in 1801. The 1st Battn. was
+    formerly a Battn. of the 8th Foot, and became the 63rd Regiment in
+    1758. It served as Mounted Infantry during the war of American
+    Independence, and won great distinction. The 2nd Battn. was
+    formerly the Minorca Regiment, and became part of the line in 1804
+    as the 97th (Queen's German) Regiment. In 1816 it became the 96th
+    (Queen's Own), and was disbanded in 1818. Raised again in 1824. The
+    1st Battn. displayed great courage and steadiness during the Siege
+    of Ladysmith (1899).]
+
+
+
+
+THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS
+
+("SCOTLAND FOR EVER")
+
+    "You have saved the day, Highlanders, but you must return to your
+    position. There is more work to be done."--_Sir Denis Pack at
+    Waterloo._
+
+
+Sir Denis Pack's words at Waterloo are as true to-day as they were
+then. The Gordons have always saved the day, and now they must return
+to their position. There is more work to be done and the Gordons are
+there to do it, as before.
+
+The following is an extract from a letter to Sir Walter Scott from
+Viscount Vanderfosse, first Advocate of the Superior Court of Justice
+of Brussels, dated January 5th, 1816:
+
+    "Since the arrival of the British troops on the Continent, their
+    discipline was remarked by all those who had any communication with
+    them. Among these respectable warriors the Scotch deserve to be
+    particularly commemorated, and this honourable mention is due to
+    their discipline, their patience, their humanity, and their bravery
+    almost without example. Constant and unheard of proofs were given
+    of devotion to their country quite extraordinary and sublime; nor
+    must we forget that these men, so terrible in the field of battle,
+    were mild and tranquil out of it."
+
+Such a testimonial from so high an authority is a treasured document in
+the hands of the Gordons, and many are the accounts received to-day
+from the front, which go to show that their cheery optimism has not
+been dimmed by the passage of a century.
+
+Perhaps there is no regiment that blends so nicely the simple humour
+characteristic of the Scot with the grim determination in which no
+section of our army is wanting. There are many points which soften to
+our hearts the fierce homicidal glory of the Gordon Highlanders. But
+first in importance is their grim and terrible side.
+
+On the eventful night of the Duchess of Richmond's ball on the eve of
+Waterloo, Colonel Cameron, and some of the N.C. officers of the Gordon
+Highlanders, had been invited to give the guests of different nations
+there assembled a display of the Highland dances. Poets have sung the
+sudden call to arms at the "Cannon's opening roar," but it was not
+until daybreak that the Gordons marched off through the Namur Gate
+towards the scene of action.
+
+On this occasion their panoply of war set everyone a-thrill. With their
+dark plumes waving in the breeze, and the bright sun shining on their
+polished accoutrements, they marched to the screel of the bagpipes.
+Never had the spectators beheld a prouder, braver, more athletic body
+of men; there was not a downcast look among them; only the fearless
+eye, the undaunted mien, the cheerful bearing-things which tell of
+strength.
+
+In this mood they marched as far as the forest of Soignies, near
+Waterloo. Thence, as the day advanced, they proceeded towards Quatre
+Bras. The heat was intense, the dust suffocating, but, after a
+wearisome march, they reached Genappe, where the people were waiting
+for the thirsty regiment with large tubs of water, and of milk, from
+which the Highlanders dipped and drank as they passed through the town.
+Hard on this refreshment, as they came into the plain beyond, was a
+further refreshment to the warlike spirit of the Highlanders; it was
+the sound of cannon that fell upon their ears "nearer, clearer than
+before." There was a general quickening of pace as the excitement of
+promised action ran quickly through the ranks, but Colonel Cameron
+checked their eagerness, and held them back, though with difficulty.
+
+It so chanced, by good luck, or good management, that the Gordons
+arrived at Quatre Bras just at the very moment they were needed.
+Wellington had come in with full information from Blücher as to the
+position of the Prussian army, and a fuller scorn of their tactics in
+selecting that position--a scorn which was justified by the event. "If
+they fight here," he said, in his terse and forcible way, "they will be
+damnably mauled." The Duke was a true prophet. They were, in two words,
+"mauled."
+
+The enemy's action began with a fierce cannonade, under cover of which
+a brigade of infantry and lancers were hurled forward, Our Belgian-Dutch
+allies fell back, and their retreat was converted into a rout by the
+enemy, who speedily became masters of the situation. Things were
+critical, but, at that moment, in came the Gordon Highlanders by the
+Namur road. Their march broke into a double, and their ranks opened and
+overflowed each side of the road, deploying for immediate action. At
+once came an answer from a battery of the enemy perched on one of the
+surrounding heights. By this time the Duke was amongst the Highlanders,
+giving orders to seek cover in the ditches and behind the banks of the
+road; he and his staff following their example. They had not long to
+wait, under a terrible fire, before the French cuirassiers came
+sweeping through the fields towards them. On they came, with furious
+cries, a formidable body; but the Highlanders under command of the
+Duke, waited in grim silence, reserving their fire. "Highlanders!" the
+Duke cried, "don't fight until I tell you," and so the Gordons lay,
+ready for the signal. It came when the charging cuirassiers were within
+thirty yards of them. Then a fierce volley rang out, and havoc lighted
+on the horsemen. Horses and steel-clad riders went down pell mell, and,
+in the confusion, the survivors turned and fled before the coming
+steel. Many, whose horses were shot beneath them, attempted to cope
+with the Scots, but all their valour was as nothing before the bayonets
+of the Gordons.
+
+At another stage of the battle, when the Duke of Brunswick's hussars
+were in flight before the red (Polish) lancers and French light
+infantry, Wellington, involved in the charge, and carried away in their
+mad career, was in great danger; but, seeing a way out, he headed his
+horse for a position that had been taken up by the Gordons. As he
+neared them, at full gallop, he ordered them to lie still; then he
+leapt the intervening fence clearing, at one jump, fence, trench, and
+men. With the Gordons now between him and the foe, he wheeled his horse
+to a standstill, and ordered the Highlanders to get ready. The
+Brunswickers had passed, severely handled by the French bayonets, and
+the grenadiers, on the right, retired to the road, leaving the Gordons
+an opportunity to fire obliquely upon the oncoming cavalry. These
+shared the same fate as the cuirassiers, being met at short distance
+with a volley which threw them into confusion. Those in front were cut
+off, by dead and wounded, from those in the rear, who retreated in
+disorder, while the front passed on in their headlong career, which was
+really a retreat, through the village. Meanwhile, the Gordons turned
+their attention to the rest, and put them to rout.
+
+Now Napoleon had impressed upon Ney to act in a manner that must prove
+decisive. The British had to be swept entirely off the field--the fate
+of France depended upon this. Ney's position was a difficult one,
+especially as he saw that reinforcements were coming up against him.
+Accordingly, he attacked again vigorously, and sent two columns of
+cavalry down upon the posts held by the Gordons. But these met with a
+similar fate to those who had tried that way before. But Ney still
+persisted and the Gordons were suffering heavily. How the day would
+have gone, and what would have happened to our Highlanders had not the
+Guards come up on their left soon afterwards, military experts alone
+can conjecture; but even with their assistance--and very welcome it
+was--the Gordons were yet to experience a severer trial.
+
+It came in this way. Two columns of French infantry advanced rapidly,
+by means of the Charleroi road, and the outskirts of the wood of Bossu,
+and occupied a roadside house, with a thick hedge running some distance
+into a field, a part of their number gaining the cover of a
+thickly-hedged garden on the other side of the road. The main body of
+these troops, some 14,000 strong, took up a position in the rear of
+this garden.
+
+Colonel Cameron with difficulty curbed his eagerness to let his men go,
+but the Duke, who foresaw a prolonged struggle, refused to allow it. He
+was, as usual, waiting for the right moment. When that moment came, and
+the order was given, Cameron leapt the ditch, at the head of his men,
+with old General Barnes at his side, crying, "Come on, my old 92nd!"
+Then, to the shrill piping of the pibrochs, the intrepid Gordons leapt
+from the ditch and fell upon the enemy with an impetus that was
+irresistible. The bayonet did its terrible work, and the opposing
+column fell back in confusion.
+
+Meanwhile other sections advanced upon the hedged garden, the house,
+and the field hedge, suffering heavily from these points. It was in
+this advance that the staff of the colour was split into six pieces by
+three bullets, and the staff of the king's colour by one. It was here,
+too, that Cameron himself was wounded. Being shot in the groin, he lost
+control of his horse, which galloped away with him, and finally stopped
+suddenly before his own groom, who was holding a second horse. There
+Cameron, in a fainting condition, was thrown out of the saddle
+violently on to the road.
+
+Colonel Cameron died of his wound late that night, but not before he
+had learnt that the British arms had conquered--a fact which forms the
+theme of Sir Walter Scott's immortal verse:
+
+    And Sunart rough, and wild Ardgour,
+      And Morven long shall tell,
+    And proud Ben Nevis hear with awe,
+    How, upon bloody Quatre-Bras,
+    Brave Cameron heard the wild hurrah
+      Of conquest as he fell.
+
+Meanwhile, the Gordons had fully avenged their leader's death. With
+repeated rushes upon the roadside house, they did deadly work with the
+bayonet, and, amid the hail of bullets from superior forces of the
+enemy, they still continued their fierce onslaughts under conditions
+that would have demoralized soldiers less cool and experienced.
+
+In the midst of the appalling fire, they separated and formed up in
+three parts, one part moving to the right of the house and garden,
+another part to the left, while a third prepared to assault the garden
+itself. At a given moment, when the whole battalion was ready, the
+order to charge was given. Then, with a resounding cheer, they rushed
+forward, "the bagpipes screaming out the notes of the 'Cameron's
+Gathering,' as they levelled their bayonets, and charged with the
+elastic step learnt on the hillside."
+
+The enemy stood firm for a little while against the oncoming array of
+determined men; then they broke and fled, showing their backs as
+targets for the Highlanders, who scattered the passage of their retreat
+thickly with their dead bodies. In this action many prisoners were
+taken.
+
+The British troops, though in the minority in guns, as well as men,
+stood like a rock against the searching assaults of the enemy. Ebb and
+flow was the order of battle, until at last the flow of our indomitable
+troops gained ground, and the enemy finally ebbed away.
+
+Our last victory in that furious battle was gained foot by foot, and
+when, in the end, the day was won, and the stars looked down upon
+10,000 slain, the piper of the Gordon Highlanders took his stand in
+front of the village of Quatre Bras to call the Highlanders in. "Loud
+and long blew Cameron," says one who heard that call of the highland
+mountain and the glen, "but his efforts could not gather above half of
+those whom his music had cheered on their march to the battlefield."
+
+Our Gordons had been through the thick of the fight; at the close of
+the day they were terribly hungry, and with the cool sang-froid which
+is the necessary complement to the bravery of such men, they took their
+supper cooked and served in the cuirasses which had shone in the
+enemy's forefront of battle some hours before.
+
+Various writers tell of the extreme kindness received by the Gordons
+after the battle from the inhabitants of Brussels and Antwerp. The
+"good and brave Scots" came in on drays and wagons, apparently none the
+worse for the fierce encounter, saving merely the loss of a leg, or an
+arm or two. "We're a' wantin' a leg or a' airm," cried one from the
+midst of a wagon-load of wounded, as if it were a kind of fraternal
+greeting. The good folk, seeing their plight, and not understanding the
+language, brought them wine in abundance, but the Highlanders did not
+understand the colour of it, and called for "guid sma' ale" as the next
+best thing to their own "white wine of the north."
+
+Tales of suffering in those days cannot vie in magnitude with the tales
+of to-day, but it is interesting to note that the endurance and
+patience of the Highlanders, as they lay on the wagons, or came in on
+foot, fainting with weariness and loss of blood, called forth the
+remark, as they passed through the street, "the men of your country
+must be made of iron."
+
+It remains to touch on the Highlanders' own account of this battle. It
+was simple and unpretentious in the extreme. One who had been severely
+wounded, and was lying on the paving stones, waiting to be attended to,
+was accosted by an English resident. "How you and your comrades
+fought!" he said. "Your bravery will be the talk of the world. There is
+no doubt, as the people here say, you and your countrymen are made of
+iron." "Hoots, man," replied the Highlander, "need ye mak' sic a din
+aboot the like o' that? What did we gang oot for but to fecht?"
+
+It goes without saying that false reports of any considerable
+engagement were spread through the countryside, even in those days. A
+chronicler states that Mercer, when making his way to the scene of
+action, happened on a Gordon Highlander, toiling painfully along the
+road, badly wounded in the knee. "Halt!" cried Mercer. "Have you any
+information? The Belgians tell me that our army has been forced to
+retreat." "Na, na," replied the Scot; "it's a damned lee! When I cam'
+awa' they were fechtin', an' they're aye fechtin' yet." With that, he
+sat down on the roadside and calmly lit his pipe, while a prentice
+surgeon probed for the bullet in his knee.
+
+Another incident preserved in the records of the Gordons is related by
+a Scotch lady who resided at that time in Antwerp. She had heard
+reports of a retreat from Quatre Bras, and other mis-statements
+concerning Mont St. Jean had also reached her ears, all to the effect
+that the British had suffered severe defeat; that Wellington was
+dangerously wounded, and that all of any account in our army were
+either killed or taken prisoners. Moreover, thousands of French troops
+had entered Brussels, and that on the heels of death and destruction
+came panic and dismay. Needless to say, this was not true, except in
+one point only--that 2,000 French _had_ entered Brussels; but it
+was in the rôle of prisoners, not victors! On the following day the
+Scotch lady went out in search of news, and was met by a long
+procession of vehicles laden with the wounded. Not a word of victory
+could she get on any hand, until she observed, in the very last wagon,
+a group of Gordon Highlanders, badly wounded, and heavily bandaged.
+They evidently knew something, for they were throwing their bonnets in
+the air, and shouting: "Bony's beat! Hurrah for Bonnie Scotland! Hurrah
+for Merrie England! Bony's beat!" Recognizing the Highland spirit, the
+lady sought to learn the cause of their excitement, and they told her,
+between their wild cries of joy, that a rider had just sped by,
+bringing the glad news of victory.
+
+It was not easy for the people of Brussels to gather the real import of
+this news either from the lady or the Highlanders, but it began to
+spread about, in what to them was an unknown tongue, though forcible in
+vociferation, that "Bony was beat and runnin' awa' to his ain country
+just as fast as he could gang." Yet there was no explaining it to them,
+and it was in vain that a brawny, bearded Highlander took a Belgian
+woman to task with the words, "Canna ye hear, ye auld witch? Are ye
+deaf? Bony's beat, I tell ye! I tell ye, Bony's beat, wumman!" It was
+no good! But the full significance of the fact was soon made known in
+the city, and then there was wild rejoicing on every hand.
+
+In those times the Belgian people conceived and fostered a great love
+for the Gordon Highlanders, and no doubt the tradition has been handed
+down to this day that they are the best of soldiers, sweet and gentle
+in peace, and terrible in war.
+
+The part played by the Gordons in the repulse of the Boer attack on
+Ladysmith, January 6th, 1900, is never to be forgotten. It was here
+that Lieutenant Colonel Dick-Cunyngham, V.C., fell at the head of his
+men. It was during the Afghan campaign that this hero of the Gordons
+received his V.C., when they were fighting outside Kabul in 1879.
+Staggered for a moment by a terrific onslaught on the part of the
+Afghans, the Gordons, their leading officer and colour-sergeant being
+killed, seemed to hesitate, when Dick-Cunyngham sprang forward, and, by
+his remarkable coolness and gallantry, saved the situation.
+
+In later days, the Gordon Highlanders have maintained and even added to
+the reputation thus bravely won. One signal instance is found in their
+attacks on the Dargai heights. On October 18th, 1897, the Gordons
+formed part of the flanking movement under Brigadier-General Kempster.
+The heights were won, but were shortly re-occupied by the enemy. On the
+following day, a second battle was joined about this position. Under
+Sir William Lockhart the Gordons displayed their usual fighting power.
+In the "Broad Arrow" of February, 18th, 1898, Sir William Lockhart
+himself described the part they played:
+
+    "The Gordon Highlanders went straight up the hill without check or
+    hesitation. Headed by their pipers, and led by Colonel Mathias,
+    with Major Macbean on his right, and Lieutenant A. F. Gordon on his
+    left, this splendid battalion marched across the open. It dashed
+    through a murderous fire, and in forty minutes had won the heights,
+    leaving three officers and thirty men killed or wounded on its way.
+    The first rush of the Highlanders was deserving of the highest
+    praise, for they had just undergone a very severe climb, and had
+    reached a point beyond which other troops had been unable to
+    advance for over three hours. The first rush was followed at short
+    intervals by a second and a third, each led by officers; and, as
+    the leading companies went up the path for the final assault, the
+    remainder of the troops streamed on in support, but few of the
+    enemy waited for the bayonet, many of them being shot down as they
+    fled in confusion."
+
+Supremely heroic on a point of romantic sentiment is our Gordon
+Highlander. When Cameron fell at Quatre Bras, he was not only mortally
+wounded, but pinned down by his horse. In this helpless condition he
+was recognised by one of the enemy, who swiftly rushed forward to
+bayonet him. But swifter still came the cold steel of Ewen Macmillan
+(the Colonel's foster brother) and pierced the would-be murderer to the
+heart. Ewen extricated his leader and bore him off; then, his master
+safe, he turned back with the set purpose of securing the saddle on
+which he had sat through many a victorious battle. In the thick of the
+fight the imperturbable Scot, amid a hail of bullets, secured that
+saddle and returned safely with it to his company, exhibiting it with a
+fine mingling of triumph and regret. "We must leave them the carcase,"
+he said, "but they shan't get the saddle where Fassiefern sat." That
+was what he had risked his life a thousand times a minute for--the
+saddle where Fassiefern had sat!
+
+And not only in stirring deeds of deathless glory have the Gordon
+Highlanders shone in the starry sky of Britain's fame. In the course of
+their long career they have been called upon to suffer and endure tests
+of hardship and privation, which prove the true mettle of the British
+soldier. They have played many parts in the theatre of war where the
+limelight did not fall. It was even their fate to take part in the
+terrible retreat to Bremen. Mr. W. Richards gives a grim description of
+some of these hardships:
+
+    "The high, keen wind carried the drifted snow and sand with such
+    violence that the human frame could scarcely resist its power; the
+    cold was intense; the water, which collected in the hollow eyes of
+    the men, congealed as it fell, and hung in icicles from their
+    eyelashes; the breath froze, and hung in icy incrustations about
+    their haggard faces, and on the blankets and coats which they
+    wrapped about them."
+
+But, with the Gordons, the hardy spirit in which they weathered all
+this was only a modification of that which carried them into their most
+glorious triumphs on the field of battle. Speaking of hardships and
+remembering the strong spirit of camaraderie which has always existed
+between our soldiers of all regiments, we cannot help reminding the
+Gordons that their 2nd Battalion owes the Coldstreamers one ration. It
+happened in this way. When the Gordons arrived at Fuentes d'Onoro both
+officers and men were literally starving, owing to a faulty
+commissariat; and no sooner did the Guards get wind of this than they
+volunteered a ration of biscuits, from their haversacks. Now, as the
+Coldstreamers will not be able to get those biscuits from the enemy,
+who appears to have "embarked without them," they may require them
+again from the Gordons and they should insist on having them well
+buttered.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. The Royal Tiger,
+    superscribed India.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Mysore, Seringapatam, Egmont-op-Zee, Mandora,
+    Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro, Almaraz, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nive,
+    Orthes, Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1835, Delhi, Lucknow,
+    Charasiah, Kabul 1879, Kandahar 1880, Afghanistan 1878-80, Egypt
+    1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir, Nile 1884-85, Chitral, Tirah, S. Africa
+    1889-1902, Paardeberg, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with yellow facings.
+
+    [To the first regiment (the 89th), raised in 1759, there belong the
+    romances of two notable men. One was the Duke's brother, Lord
+    William, who afterwards ran away with Lady Sarah Bunbury, and the
+    other was Lord George, the future rioter. A further romance belongs
+    to the Gordons proper. When, in 1794, the 4th D. of G. was
+    commissioned to raise a regiment for the King, with the Duke's son,
+    Lord Huntly, as its colonel, his wife Jane, "the Bonnie Duchess,"
+    acted as her son's recruiting sergeant. Day after day she rode in
+    among them at their gatherings, and with the King's shilling
+    between her teeth, kissed them into the army. "Now, lads; whose for
+    a soldier's life--and a kiss o' the Duchess Jean?" Her ambition for
+    her son in the way of masculine counterpoise to the brilliant
+    alliances of her daughters does not matter so much as that the
+    Gordons sprang into being at the touch of her lips--which is a
+    legend greatly treasured among Highlanders.]
+
+  [Illustration: THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS AT BADAJOZ.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+
+
+
+THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS
+
+("THE GARVIES")
+
+    "Rangers of Connaught, the eyes of all Ireland are on you this day.
+    On then, and at them, and if you do not give them the soundest
+    thrashing they have ever got in their lives, you needn't look me in
+    the face again in this world or the next."--_Colonel-in-Command
+    at the Front._
+
+
+Towards the close of the Transvaal War the 2nd Battalion of the
+Connaught Rangers performed a heroic feat, which tended to mitigate the
+peace-with-little-honour feeling which marked the peace negotiations of
+1879.
+
+Lydenberg was garrisoned by some seventy men, fifty-three of whom were
+Connaught Rangers, the whole being under the command of Lieut. Long, a
+mere stripling lad of twenty-two. Soon after Brunker's Spruit the Boers
+called upon Lydenberg to surrender, thinking that the lad of twenty-two
+would do as he was told like an obedient boy. But they soon found that
+they were mistaken. Long wisely temporised, and made use of a few days
+thus gained to strengthen his defences. Soon came the Boers' second
+demand of surrender, and this time it was scornfully flung back. So, on
+the 6th January, the Boers' bombarded the place, but the little
+garrison held out, and, for twelve weeks, the forces of siege,
+sickness, hunger and thirst failed to break the spirit of the gallant
+band. Then, when peace was declared, the 94th had no cause to feel
+ashamed, for in their hands Lydenberg had never surrendered. The
+British flag still fluttered above it. Worn and exhausted by terrible
+hardships and privations, but _still unconquered_, the survivors
+came forth in peace.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Harp and Crown. The Elephant. The Sphinx, superscribed
+    Egypt.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Quis Separabit."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Seringapatam, Talavera, Busaco, Fuentes d'Onoro,
+    Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Nivelle, Orthes,
+    Toulouse, Peninsula, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, Central India, S.
+    Africa 1877-79, 1899-1902, Relief of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with green facings.
+
+    [Raised in 1793 in Connaught. Both Battns. gained undying fame in
+    the Peninsula War, the regiment having the honour of forming the
+    forlorn hope at the storming of both Badajoz and Ciudad Rodrigo.
+    The regiment also fought with distinction in the Crimea and the
+    Indian Mutiny. During the Boer War of 1899 the 1st Battn. formed
+    part of the famous Irish Brigade in Natal, and in 1901 it became a
+    battn. of mounted infantry.]
+
+
+
+
+THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS
+
+("THE THIN RED LINE")
+
+    "Wherever they have lived and fought they have carried with them
+    the fearless picturesqueness of their indomitable mountains."
+
+
+At Sevastopol, as at few other battles in the history of wars, was
+displayed the most magnificent valour of the Highlander. The approaches
+to Balaclava were protected by six batteries manned by Turks, who, it
+will be remembered, were in those days our allies. On October 25th,
+1854, the Russians made a determined attack on these redoubts, speedily
+captured three of the batteries, and at once turned them on the 93rd
+Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, compelling them to seek cover
+behind a slight ridge. No sooner had they done so than a horde of
+Russian cavalry swept down upon them, whereat Sir Colin ordered his men
+to breast the ridge and hold it against them at all costs. "Men," he
+said, "there is no retreat from here; you must die where you stand."
+"Ay, ay, Sir Colin," was the cool response, "and we'll do that if needs
+be."
+
+The men were only two or three deep, but that "thin red line,"
+bristling with steel, was none the less formidable for that. Every
+heart was staunch and every hand was steady. Nearer and nearer came the
+rolling thunder of the Russian cavalry, quickening as it came. They
+were now at 600 yards. "Fire!" the order was given, and the lead went
+forth, but the Russians, though galled, still came on. At 200 yards a
+second volley rang out, and this time the enemy wavered and could only
+be rallied by the remarkable determination of their officers. Their
+swerve was headed into a flank attack, but the Highlanders stood firm
+as their native rocks, and met their last onrush with volley on volley.
+
+    "Then had you seen a gallant shock
+    When saddles were emptied and lances broke."
+
+The enemy, now in confusion, looked at the cold steel awaiting them,
+turned in dismay and fled in disorder to the shelter of their own guns.
+
+The 93rd were also at Lucknow, and the way they came to the rescue of
+the hard-pressed garrison of that city makes a thrilling episode.
+
+Well known is the story of Jessie, the Scotch nurse, who was within the
+fortifications of Lucknow when the final grip of despair was closing on
+the beleaguered garrison. Sitting musing on the hope of death as
+against the horrors of surrender, she suddenly raised her head and
+listened. Was she dreaming of the hills and glens of her native land,
+which she might never see again, or was that the sound of the pibrochs
+floating on the breeze from far away? She started up, declaring that
+she heard the wild music of her own country drawing nearer and nearer
+out of the distance. Others listened, but could hear nothing, and
+thought that Jessie was fey. But the simple-living Scotch folk are
+renowned for their second sight and clairaudience, and the event proved
+that Jessie was right; for at that moment, though far beyond the range
+of physical hearing, the Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, were
+marching swiftly towards Lucknow, with Cameron striding at their head,
+blowing his loudest.
+
+  [Illustration: THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS AT BALACLAVA.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+When they arrived at the city they made no pause, but swept down on the
+dastardly foe with irresistible force, while the bagpipes screamed and
+the men cheered wildly. Then ensued a running fight lasting some hours,
+after which post after post was seized and occupied until finally the
+siege was raised, and Sir Colin Campbell and Sir Henry Havelock met
+within the city and shook hands on a glorious relief.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--A Boar's Head within a wreath of myrtle. A Cat within a
+    wreath of broom, all over the label as represented in the arms of
+    the Princess Louise, and surmounted with H.R.H.'s coronet. In each
+    of the four corners the Princess Louise Cypher and Coronet.
+
+    MOTTOES.--"Ne obliviscaris." "Sans peur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Cape of Good Hope 1806, Rolica, Vimiera, Coronna,
+    Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Alma,
+    Balaclava, Sevastopol, Lucknow, S. Africa 1846-47, 1851-53, 1879,
+    1899-1902, Modder River, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with yellow facings.
+
+    [1st Battn. (Argyllshire Highlanders): raised in 1794 by the Duke
+    of Argyll. 2nd Battn. (Sutherland Highlanders): raised by the Duke
+    of Sutherland in 1800. The 1st Battn. formed the bulk of the heroes
+    of the wreck of the _Birkenhead_. The 2nd Battn. were the
+    celebrated "thin red line" at Balaclava. The regiment won great
+    distinction during the Indian Mutiny. It formed part of General
+    Wauchope's force at Magersfontein (1899).]
+
+
+
+
+THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS
+
+("THE OLD TOUGHS")
+
+
+The Dublin Fusiliers had a large share in writing the red history of
+India. Their prestige has been drawn mainly from the East. Indeed,
+although they have been in existence 246 years, they never set eyes on
+the white cliffs of Dover until the other day, so to speak, in 1871. On
+their colours stand the Royal Tiger of Bengal, and the Indian Elephant,
+together with the honours--Plassey, Mysore, The Carnatic, Buxar, and
+many others gained in India which are unknown to any other regiment. In
+the conquest of India they were Clive's men, Warren Hastings' men, and
+"their names are the names of the victories of England." It is scarcely
+too much to say that Indian territory was made British by the Dublin
+Fusiliers. The story of how India would have become part of the French
+Empire but for the daring genius of an obscure youth and the
+indomitable valour of the Dublin Fusiliers makes thrilling reading.
+
+The French had laid siege to Trichinopoly, knowing that, with its fall,
+fell India into their hands; but Clive, a young man of twenty-five
+years, a born genius, without any further acquirement in the way of
+special training, evolved as if by a heaven-sent inspiration--a sudden
+plan--the consummate daring of which has not been equalled in the
+history of any other nation. It was, in brief, to raise the siege of
+Trichinopoly by dealing a sledge-hammer stroke upon Arcot, the capital
+of the Carnatic--a city whose population was 100,000, and whose
+garrison consisted of 1,100 trained men. Clive proposed to subdue this
+strongly defended city with 200 Dublin Fusiliers and 300 Sepoys. This
+unheard-of intention must have had something unseen and undreamt of
+behind it, as the shadow of the coming event. The issue proved this.
+With his handful of men, tuned to his own pitch of enthusiasm, he
+marched boldly on Arcot during the night. He was not alone. His allies
+were the elements. As he neared the gates of the city, they broke
+loose. The lightning flashed, the thunder roared, and the rain
+descended in torrents. In the midst of this, he and his little band
+entered the city as if at the head of an unknown mighty army. These
+men, who came attended by the artillery of the storm gods, by the
+lightning's flash and search-light, seemed all too many for the
+garrison. Terrified, they fled in tumult and disorder, and Clive by
+this master-stroke, aided by That which has aided Britain many times in
+a moment of daring extremity, seized Arcot, and held it.
+
+But this master-stroke required confirmation before it was effective.
+It yet remained for Clive, and his brave band to display the endurance
+and patience necessary to hold what was won. The besiegers of
+Trichinopoly gathered reinforcements, and beleaguered Arcot. Ten
+thousand men enforced that place. In the course of days four officers,
+nearly 100 Dublin Fusiliers and over 100 Sepoys were lost. Says an
+eye-witness who describes the place, "The ramparts were too narrow to
+admit the guns, the battlements too low to protect the soldiers." In
+this siege, which lasted fifty days, elephants were used by the
+besieging hosts. With the battering-rams slung between them, they were
+pushed forward against the walls, but the "Dubs" sent such a fusilade
+against them that the beasts turned tail, and trampled hundreds of the
+enemy to death.
+
+The little body of Dublin Fusiliers and Sepoys--it was the first, but
+not the last time that Indian troops have fought bravely by our
+side--held out, and finally the enemy, after a fierce attack, in which
+they were worsted, retreated. Clive followed them up remorselessly. In
+that pursuit Pondicherry and Tanjore were taken, and now, at Plassey,
+were 100 British, and 2,000 Sepoys, who, in a decisive action, defeated
+60,000 of the enemy under Surajah Dowlah. This superiority of a cause
+which, reinforcing an inferiority of men, has proved, through thick
+blood and thin, to be at the behest of civilisation, is not without its
+far-off echo in the present day.
+
+It needs to be added that the whole of the honours of the Dublin
+Fusiliers, until "South Africa, 1899-1902," and "Relief of Ladysmith,"
+were won by the Madras Fusiliers and Bombay Fusiliers (East India
+Company's regiments). It was only in 1881 that they were given the name
+"Royal Dublin Fusiliers," and as such, our English, Scotch and Welsh
+have never a fault to find with them.
+
+It was at Arcot that Lieutenant Trewith, of the Madras Fusiliers, saved
+Clive's life at the expense of his own, and so, indirectly, yet
+practically, saved India. At a moment when Clive was unaware of danger
+Trewith saw one of the besiegers taking a long, steady aim at him
+through a small breach. There was no time to do anything in the way of
+warning. There was merely time to thrust his own body between the
+bullet and Clive's heart--between another Power and India. That was a
+moment as heroic for an individual as it was critical for a nation.
+
+From the battle of Plassey onwards, wherever there was fighting, there
+were the Dublin Fusiliers. At Condore and Wandiwash, at Buxar and
+Sholingur, they were present--not in numbers but in force. It has
+ceased to be a strange thing regarding the Dublin Fusiliers that their
+greatest victories were those in which the odds were against them.
+
+At Cuddalore the "Dubs" saw the first step of a romance which went far
+in a world of practical reality. It was there that they took no less a
+person than Bernadotte prisoner--Bernadotte, the born leader of men,
+who afterwards married Desirée Clary (the early love of Napoleon),
+became Field Marshal, and died King of Sweden. Little did those
+practical fighters think, when they treated the young Bernadotte kindly
+at their camp fire that they had actually captured the future father of
+King Oscar of Sweden--a monarch who received his name from his
+god-father Napoleon Bonaparte, after his favourite hero, Oscar of
+_Ossian_.
+
+As the almost impossible name of Nundy Droog has been glorified by the
+"Dubs," one may fairly reason that the glory of a place-name may be
+derived from what takes place there. Nundy Droog is a fortress set upon
+a great crag, nearly half a mile high. The story of the three weeks'
+siege of this difficult place has a sublime climax in the final and
+victorious assault of the Dublin Fusiliers. It was night, and the
+Indian moon shone full upon the giant crag, whose serried points seemed
+to pierce the sky, casting deep shadows on the rocky facets and gloomy
+ravines. From far above fell the bugle calls of the defenders, tossed
+by echo from precipice to precipice, to die away in the dark spaces.
+Then rang out an answering clarion note from below, sounding the
+assault, and the Dublin Fusiliers advanced up the sides of that
+precipitous height. "Then," says a chronicler, with a peculiar
+inversion of metaphorical allusion, "hell opened _above them_, cannon
+shot ploughed through them, musketry raked them, rockets blasted them,
+great boulders rolled down from above and carried many away." But,
+undaunted, the Dublin Fusiliers climbed on and up, until at last their
+final dash on the summit was so determined that the enemy fled
+dismayed.
+
+Later, standing in pools of blood where lay women of Cawnpore, while
+little baby-shoes floated about them, the Dublin Fusiliers--strong men,
+sobbing with grief--vowed vengeance on the perpetrators of the foulest
+deeds, and saw it carried out. The murderers were captured and blown
+from the guns, their hands smeared with the blood of their innocent
+victims, and, according to their own belief, their high-caste souls
+consequently damned for ever.
+
+The Dublin Fusiliers fought grandly in the Boer War, and nothing could
+hold them back. After Colenso they were found to be only 400 strong. In
+view of their terrible losses it was decided to send them off to Frere
+to keep the communications open. It was at parade that they were
+informed of this, and they one and all "nabbed the rust" and swore they
+would be in the fighting line or die. They were expostulated with, but
+all arguments were of no avail; the fighting spirit was too strong, and
+these heroic fellows were allowed to remain to have another cut at the
+enemy.
+
+During the battle of Colenso occurred a real "Irish" incident which is
+amusing. The "Dubs" were advancing on the enemy's left flank under a
+searching shell and rifle fire, when they paused for cover at a
+poorly-sheltered spot. Here two of the men had a private difference,
+and, with the battle raging round them, and the bullets whistling
+through their hair, they set about one another with their fists, their
+comrades gathering round and looking on with interest. When the matter
+was satisfactorily settled, and the best man had let the other up, the
+two shook hands, and, joining common cause against the enemy, coolly
+resumed the advance, and proceeded about the less personal business of
+the day.
+
+It was at Lucknow that Tommy Atkins, the sentry, when he saw the people
+flying for the Residency, refused to leave his post, and was killed by
+the Sepoys. This proud nickname, Tommy Atkins, has now come to mean any
+soldier in the British Army, and rightly so, for, be it said, they are
+all built on the same plan as the one who immortalized their present
+name.
+
+There are two true stories of the Dublin Fusiliers which will bear
+repeating; indeed, they are more than true: they are tender and true,
+and show the noblest form of self-sacrifice in the face of unconquering
+death. At Natal, when Captain Paton was severely wounded, one of his
+disabled men crept to his side in the cold, teeming rain, and lay with
+his arms about him all night long, trying to keep the necessary warmth
+in his body. And if you remind an old Dublin Fusilier of this touching
+story, he will most probably tell you another of eighty years ago,
+which is like unto it. There were, so the records tell, two
+foster-brothers in the Bombay Fusiliers (the 2nd "Dubs")--the younger
+an officer, and the elder a devil-may-care private. "Ye'll be lookin'
+after the lad," said their mother, when they left for the front. "I
+will," replied the reckless one; and he did. They were found, years
+later, upon a mountain-side in India, both dead, lying among dead and
+wounded. But--and here is the lump in the throat--the younger had been
+badly wounded, and the elder only slightly; but, dead from exposure,
+there he lay by his brother's side, stripped to the skin, all his
+clothes being piled upon his mother's younger son to keep his ebbing
+life-spark warm. Deep down in the devil-may-care Bombay Fusilier who
+did that deed was surely the spirit that conquers death, subjecting it
+to the higher glory of Britain.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+BADGES.--The Royal Tiger, superscribed, "Plassey," "Buxar." The
+Elephant, superscribed "Carnatic," "Mysore."
+
+MOTTO.--"Spectamur Agendo."
+
+BATTLE HONOURS.--Arcot, Condore, Wandiwash, Scholingur, Nundy Droog,
+Amboyna, Ternate, Banda, Pondicherry, Mahidpoor, Guzerat, Seringapatam,
+Kirkee, Beni Boo Ally, Aden, Punjaub, Mooltan, Goojerat, Ava, Pegu,
+Lucknow, S. Africa 1899-1902, Relief of Ladysmith.
+
+UNIFORM.--Scarlet with blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA
+
+    "A battle's never lost until it's won."--_Old British proverb._
+
+    "Nothing could stop that astonishing infantry."
+
+    _Napier._
+
+
+As at Balaclava and Inkerman, a great number of our Expeditionary
+regiments now contending side by side at the front were present at the
+victorious battle of Fuentes d'Onoro, and a new significance attaches
+to that name from the fact that these regiments were mainly responsible
+for the victory on that occasion. The battle is also very noteworthy in
+the annals of British pluck and endurance for the number of times the
+little village was taken and retaken in the course of the day.
+
+In September, 1810, Wellington, having beaten Regnier and Ney at
+Busaco, withdrew to his colossal defences at Torres Vedras. In the
+following spring he again assumed the offensive, and marched his army
+to Fuentes d'Onoro, where the battle of glorious incident was fought. A
+Highlander who was in the fight has described it in the following
+picturesque narrative, which as his description is taken from notes
+written in camp, contains no indication as to his regiment, and
+prudently refrains from mentioning the names of most of the other
+regiments, we may preface it with a list of the principal regiments
+engaged. They were as follow:
+
+    1st (Royal) Dragoons; 14th (King's) Hussars; 16th (Queen's)
+    Lancers; the Coldstream Guards and Scots Guards; King's Royal Rifle
+    Corps; the Rifle Brigade; 1st and 2nd Battalion Highland Light
+    Infantry; 2nd Battalion Gordon Highlanders; 1st Battalion Royal
+    Highlanders (Black Watch); 1st Battalion South Wales Borderers; 1st
+    Battalion Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders; Norfolk Regiment; 1st
+    Battalion Yorkshire Light Infantry; 1st Battalion Royal Irish
+    Rifles; 1st Battalion Connaught Rangers; 16th Lancers; and others.
+
+And here is his story, in the course of which the reader must make what
+he can of the curious fact that the cavalry on both sides were chiefly
+Germans!
+
+    "Our regiment was moved to the village of Fuentes d'Onoro, a few
+    miles nearer Almeida. A great part of the way we moved through a
+    wood of oak trees, in which the inhabitants of the surrounding
+    villages had herds of swine feeding; here the voice of the cuckoo
+    was never mute; night and day its simple notes were heard in every
+    quarter of the wood.
+
+    "The village we now occupied was in Spain.... The site of the
+    village was beautiful and romantic; it lay in a sort of ravine,
+    down which a small river brawled over an irregular rocky bed, in
+    some places forming precipitous falls of many feet; the acclivity
+    on each side was occasionally abrupt, covered with trees and thick
+    brush-wood. Three leagues to the left of our front lay the villages
+    of Gallegos and Espeja, in and about which our Light Division and
+    cavalry were quartered. Between this and Fuentes lay a large wood,
+    which, receding on the right, formed a plain, flanked by a deep
+    ravine, being a continuation of that in which the village lay. In
+    our rear was another plain, on which our army subsequently formed,
+    and behind that, in a valley, Villa Fermosa, the river Coa running
+    past it.
+
+    "We had not been many days here when we received intelligence that
+    the light troops were falling back upon our village, the enemy
+    having recrossed the Agueda in great force, for the purpose of
+    relieving Almeida, which we had blockaded. On the morning we
+    received this intelligence (3rd May, 1811), our regiment turned out
+    of the town, and took up their position with the rest of the
+    division on a plain some distance behind it. The morning was
+    uncommonly beautiful; the sun shone bright and warm; the various
+    odoriferous shrubs, which were scattered profusely around, perfumed
+    the air, and the woods rang with the song of birds.
+
+    "The Light Division and cavalry falling back, followed by the
+    columns of the French, the various divisions of the army assembling
+    on the plain from different quarters, their arms glittering in the
+    sun; bugles blowing, drums beating, the various staff officers
+    galloping about to different parts of the line giving orders,
+    formed a scene which realized to my mind all that I had ever read
+    of feats of arms, or the pomp of war--a scene which no one could
+    behold unmoved, or without feeling a portion of that enthusiasm
+    which always accompanies 'deeds of high daring'; a scene justly
+    conceived, and well described by Moore, in the beautiful song:--
+
+        Oh, the sight entrancing
+        When the morning's beam is glancing
+          O'er files array'd
+          With helm and blade
+        And plumes in the gay wind dancing!
+
+    "Our position was now taken up in such a way that our line ran
+    along the frontiers of Portugal, maintaining the blockade of
+    Almeida by our left, while our right kept open the communication
+    with Sabugal, the place where the last action was fought.
+
+    "The French advanced on our position in three columns, about three
+    o'clock in the afternoon, and detached a strong body of troops
+    against Fuentes, which was at this time occupied as an advance post
+    by the 60th Regiment (1st Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps), and
+    the light company of our division. The skirmishers were covered in
+    their advance by cavalry, in consequence of which ours were obliged
+    to fall back for greater safety to some stone fences on the
+    outskirts of the village, while a party of our German hussars
+    covered their retreat.
+
+    "The cavalry now commenced skirmishing, the infantry keeping up an
+    occasional fire. It was rather remarkable that the cavalry on both
+    sides happened to be Germans. When this was understood, volleys of
+    insulting language, as well as shot, were exchanged between them.
+    One of our hussars got so enraged at something one of his opponents
+    said, that, raising his sword, he dashed forward upon him into the
+    very centre of their line. The insulting hussar, seeing that he had
+    no mercy to expect from his enraged foe, wheeled about his horse,
+    and rode to the rear. The other, determined on revenge, still
+    continued to follow him. The whole attention, on both sides, was
+    drawn for a moment to these two, and a temporary cessation of
+    firing took place. The French stared in astonishment at our
+    hussar's temerity, while our men were cheering him on. The chase
+    continued for some way to the rear of their cavalry. At last, our
+    hussar, coming up with him, fetched a furious blow, and brought him
+    to the ground.
+
+    "Awakening now to a sense of the danger he had thrown himself into,
+    he set his horse at full speed to get back to his comrades, but the
+    French, who were confounded when he passed, had recovered their
+    surprise, and, determined on avenging the death of their comrade,
+    they joined in pursuit, firing their pistols at him. The poor
+    fellow was now in a hazardous plight; they were every moment
+    gaining upon him, and he had still a long way to ride. A band of
+    the enemy took a circuit for the purpose of intercepting him, and
+    before he could reach the line, he was surrounded, and would have
+    been cut to pieces, had not a party of his comrades, stimulated by
+    the wish to save so brave a fellow, rushed forward, and arrived
+    just in time, by making the attack general, to save his life, and
+    brought him off in triumph.
+
+    "The overwhelming force which the French now pushed forward on the
+    village could not be withstood by the small number of troops which
+    defended it; they were obliged to give way, and were fairly forced
+    to a rising ground on the other side, where stood a small chapel.
+    The French now thought they had gained their point, but they were
+    soon undeceived, for, being reinforced at this place by the
+    Portuguese cacadores, our lads came to the right-about, and
+    attacked them with such vigour that in a short time they were
+    driven back to their old ground. While retreating through the town,
+    one of our sergeants, who had run up the wrong street, being pushed
+    hard by the enemy, ran into one of the houses; they were close at
+    his heels, and he had just time to wrench open the door of a
+    cupboard in a recess and tumble himself into a large chest, when
+    they entered and commenced plundering the house, expressing their
+    wonder, at the same time, concerning the sudden disappearance of
+    the 'Anglois' whom they had seen run into the house. During the
+    time the poor sergeant lay sweating and half smothered they were
+    busy breaking open everything that came in their way, looking for
+    plunder, and they had just discovered the concealed door of his
+    hiding-place when the noise of our men cheering, as they charged
+    the enemy through the town, forced them to take flight. The
+    sergeant now got out, and having joined his company, assisted in
+    driving the French back.
+
+    "No other part of the line had as yet been attacked by the French;
+    they seemed bent on taking the village of Fuentes in the first
+    place, as a stepping-stone, and the main body of each army lay
+    looking at each other. Finding that the force they had sent down,
+    great as it was, could not keep possession of the place, they sent
+    forward two strong bodies of fresh troops to re-attack it, one of
+    which, composed of the Irish Legion, dressed in red uniform, was at
+    first taken for a British regiment, and they had time to form up,
+    and give us a volley before the mistake was discovered.
+
+    "The village was now vigorously attacked by the enemy at two
+    points, and with such a superior force, that, in spite of the
+    unparalleled bravery of our troops, they were driven back,
+    contesting every inch of the ground.
+
+    "On our retreat through the village, we were met by the 71st
+    Regiment, cheering and led on by Colonel Cadogan, which had been
+    detached from the line to our support. The chase was now turned,
+    and although the French were obstinately intent on keeping their
+    ground, and so eager that many of their cavalry had entered the
+    town and rushed furiously down the streets, all their efforts were
+    in vain; nothing could withstand the charge of the gallant 71st,
+    and in a short time, in spite of all resistance, they cleared the
+    village."
+
+[This regiment (1st Battalion Highland Light Infantry) was always
+remarkable for its gallantry. The brave Cadogan well knew the art of
+rendering his men invincible; he knew that the courage of the British
+soldier is best called forth by associating it with his country, and he
+also knew how to time the few words which produced such magical
+effects.]
+
+    "We were now once more in possession of the place, but our loss, as
+    well as that of the French, had been very great. In particular
+    places of the village, where a stand had been made, or the shot
+    brought to bear, the slaughter had been immense. The French,
+    enraged at being thus baffled in all their attempts to attack the
+    town, sent forward a force composed of the very flower of their
+    army, but they gained only a temporary advantage, for, being
+    reinforced by the 79th Regiment--although the contest remained
+    doubtful until night--we remained in possession of it, with the
+    exception of a few houses on the rise of the hill at the French
+    side. The light brigade of our division was now withdrawn, and the
+    71st and 79th Regiments remained as a picquet in it during the
+    night. Next morning it was again occupied as before. On the 4th
+    both sides were busily employed burying the dead and bringing in
+    the wounded, French and English promiscuously mixed, and assisted
+    each other in that melancholy duty, as if they had been intimate
+    friends.... During this day, the French generals reconnoitred our
+    position, and next morning (the 5th), they made a movement to their
+    left with two strong columns. This caused a corresponding movement
+    in our lines, and it was scarcely made, when they attacked our
+    right, composed of the 7th Division, with all their cavalry, and
+    succeeded in turning it, but they were gallantly met by some
+    squadrons of our dragoons, and repulsed. Their columns of infantry
+    still continued to advance on the same point, and were much galled
+    by the heavy fire kept up on them by the 7th Division, but in
+    consequence of this movement, our communication with Sabugal was
+    abandoned for a stronger position, and our army was now formed in
+    two lines, the Light Division and cavalry in reserve. This
+    manoeuvre paralysed their attack on our line, and their efforts
+    were chiefly confined to partial cannonading, and some charges with
+    their cavalry, which were received and repulsed by the 3rd Regiment
+    of Guards in one instance; but, as they were falling back, they did
+    not perceive the charge of a different body of the enemy's cavalry
+    in time to form, and many of them were killed, wounded, and taken
+    prisoners. Colonel Hill, who commanded the picquets, was among the
+    latter; the 42nd Regiment (The Black Watch) also, under Lord
+    Blantyre, gallantly repulsed another charge made by the enemy's
+    cavalry. The Frenchmen then attempted to push a strong body of
+    light infantry down the ravine to the right of the 1st Division,
+    but they were driven back by some companies of the Guards and 95th
+    Rifles (now the "Rifle Brigade.")
+
+    "While on the right this was going on, the village of Fuentes was
+    again attacked by a body of the Imperial Guard, and, as on the 3rd,
+    the village was taken and retaken several times. At one time they
+    had brought down such an overwhelming force that our troops were
+    fairly beat out of the town, and the French formed a close column
+    between it and us. Some guns which were posted on the rise in front
+    of our line, having opened upon them, made them change their
+    ground, and the 88th Regiment (Connaught Rangers) being detached
+    from our division, led on by the heroic General McKinnon (who
+    commanded our right brigade), charged them furiously, and drove
+    them back through the village with great slaughter.
+
+    "Some time previous to this, General Picton had had occasion to
+    check this regiment for some little plundering affair they had been
+    guilty of, and he was so offended at their conduct that, in
+    addressing them, he had told them they were the greatest
+    'blackguards' in the army. But, as he was always as ready to give
+    praise as censure, where it was due, when they were returning from
+    this gallant and effective charge, he exclaimed, 'Well done, the
+    brave 88th!' Some of them who had been stung at his former
+    reproaches cried out, 'Are we the greatest blackguards in the army
+    now?' The valiant Picton smiled, and replied: 'No, no, you are
+    brave and gallant soldiers; this day has redeemed your character.'
+
+    "At one time during the contest, when the enemy had gained a
+    partial position of the village, our light troops had retired into
+    a small wood above it, where they were huddled together without any
+    regularity (a French officer, while leading on his men, having been
+    killed in our front), a bugler of the 83rd Regiment (now 1st
+    Battalion Irish Rifles) starting out between the fire of both
+    parties, seized his gold watch; but he had scarcely returned, when
+    a cannon shot from the enemy came whistling past him, and he fell
+    lifeless on the spot. The blood spurted out of his nose and ears,
+    but with the exception of this, there was neither wound nor bruise
+    on his body--the shot had not touched him.
+
+    "The phenomenon here described has been the subject of much
+    discussion among medical men; some attribute it to the shot
+    becoming electrical, and parting with its electricity in passing
+    the body, while others maintain that the ball does strike the
+    individual obliquely, and although there is no appearance of injury
+    on the surface, there always exists serious derangement of the
+    system internally.
+
+    "We had regained possession of the village a short time after, and
+    got a little breathing time.... After the various takings and
+    retakings of the village, night again found us in possession of it.
+    On the 6th, no attempt was made to renew the attack, and, as on the
+    4th, the army on each side was employed burying the dead, and
+    looking after the wounded. On the 7th, we still remained quiet, but
+    on this day the whole French army were reviewed on the plain by
+    Massena. On the 8th, the French sentries were withdrawn at
+    daylight, the main body of the enemy having retired during the
+    night to the woods between Fuentes and Gallegos. On the 9th they
+    broke up, and retired from their position, and on the 10th they had
+    recrossed the Agueda without having accomplished the relief of
+    Almeida."
+
+Full of interest and significance as was the battle of Fuentes d'Onoro,
+it remains that the most sanguinary and glorious battle of the
+Peninsular War, as far as the soldiers were concerned, was that of
+Albuera where, on May 16th, the skilful Soult was defeated by
+Beresford, with tremendous slaughter.
+
+Just as the battle of Fuentes arose out of the determination of Massena
+to save Almeida, so that of Albuera was owing to Soult's desire to save
+Badajoz, which was in siege by Beresford. Wellington was returning
+victorious from the north to join Beresford, but, before he arrived,
+the bloodiest battle of the Peninsula was over.
+
+Before the siege of Badajoz was well compacted Soult came up with a
+superior force, and Beresford decided to raise the siege and stake the
+issue on a pitched battle. The Allies took up their position on the
+ridge of Albuera, some 28,000 strong, including 10,000 half-trained
+Spaniards, who were something between a hindrance and a help. Soult's
+force consisted of 19,000 picked infantry, 4,000 cavalry, and fifty
+guns.
+
+It is the very climax and turning point of this fight that interests us
+here. It came at a time when Houghton's Brigade, being practically
+worsted in an assault on the ridge, were failed by Beresford, but
+succored by Colonel Hardinge, who, on his own responsibility, ordered
+the advance of General Cole's Division against the enemy. This, the 4th
+Division, consisting mainly of British fusiliers, succeeded in turning
+the tide of battle. Cole himself led the fusiliers up the hill, on the
+crest of which the French with their artillery were stationed in force;
+and, as if that were not superiority enough, the whole of Soult's
+reserve was advancing in mass to support the columns on the ridge.
+Houghton's Brigade held on in what seemed a losing fight. The ground
+was heaped with dead, and the Polish lancers were beginning to gather
+round the British guns. The brigade saw defeat and destruction staring
+it in the face. But they endured for sheer tenacity's sake, not knowing
+that but a few moments more mattered everything. The Royal Welsh
+Fusiliers swept steadily upwards, attacked the savage lancers, charged
+their gathering hosts, and put the enemy to rout. It was Houghton's
+Brigade that had borne the brunt, but it was the Welsh Fusiliers that
+decided the victory.
+
+Napier has pictured this glorious passage of arms so vividly that it is
+no man's presumptuous task to describe it independently. "Such a
+gallant line," he says, "issuing from the midst of smoke, and rapidly
+separating itself from the confused and broken multitude, startled the
+enemy's heavy masses which were increasing and pressing onwards as to
+an assured victory. They wavered, hesitated, and then, vomiting forth a
+storm of fire, hastily endeavoured to enlarge their front, while a
+fearful discharge of grape from all their artillery whistled through
+the British ranks. Sir William Myers was killed. Cole, and the three
+Colonels: Ellis, Blakeney, and Hawkshawe, fell wounded, and the
+fusilier battalions, struck by the iron tempest, reeled and staggered
+like sinking ships. Suddenly and sternly recovering, they closed on
+their terrible enemies, and then was seen with what a strength and
+majesty the British soldier fights. In vain did Soult, by voice and
+gesture, animate his Frenchmen; in vain did the hardiest veterans,
+extricating themselves from the crowded columns, sacrifice their lives
+to gain time for the mass to open out on such a fair field; in vain did
+the mass itself bear up, and, fiercely arising, fire indiscriminately
+upon friends and foes, while the horsemen hovering on the flank,
+threatened to charge the advancing line. Nothing could stop that
+astonishing infantry. No sudden burst of undisciplined valour, no
+nervous enthusiasm weakened the stability of their order; their
+flashing eyes were bent on the dark columns in their front; their
+measured tread shook the ground; their dreadful volleys swept away the
+head of every formation; their deafening shouts overpowered the
+dissonant cries that broke from all parts of the tumultuous crowd as,
+foot by foot, and with a horrid carnage, it was driven by the incessant
+vigour of the attack to the farthest edge of the hill. In vain did the
+French reserves, joining with the struggling multitudes, endeavour to
+sustain the fight; their efforts only increased the irremediable
+confusion, and the mighty mass, giving way like a loosened cliff, went
+headlong down the ascent. The rain flowed after in streams discoloured
+with blood, and 1,500 unwounded men, the remnant of 6,000 unconquerable
+British soldiers, stood triumphant on the fatal hill."
+
+It must be added to this classic word-picture of the fight on the ridge
+that Marshal Beresford in his despatch to Lord Wellington, dated
+Albuera, 18th May, said, "It was observed that our dead, particularly
+the 57th Regiment (the "Die Hards" of Albuera), were lying as they had
+fought in the ranks, and that every wound was in front."
+
+
+
+
+BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN
+
+    "The Cavalry do as they like to the enemy until they are confronted
+    by thrice their numbers....
+
+    "Our Artillery has never been opposed to less than three or four
+    times their numbers."--_Sir John French at the Front._
+
+
+The majority of the Expeditionary Forces now at the front carry in
+their hearts if not on their standards the glorious legends of
+Balaclava and of Inkerman. At a time when it has become so evident that
+the tendency of the Prussian military system is to crush individual
+initiative, while that of the British system is to encourage it on
+equal terms with a free and unhesitating obedience to the will of the
+commander, the battles of Balaclava and Inkerman are of peculiar
+significance, for, while Balaclava contains a glorious instance of
+blind obedience, Inkerman stands alone as a sanguinary conflict in
+which, to quote an eye-witness, "every man was his own general." For
+this reason it has been called a "soldiers' battle," and as such it
+forms a useful example, not only of the fine behaviour of our soldiers
+when thrown on the limit of their own individual resources, but also of
+the self-reliant valour and do-or-die spirit that has brought them
+through so many desperately prolonged struggles before and since. The
+fact that Inkerman was fought and won in a thick fog makes it all the
+more wonderful and satisfactory that the units, and even individuals,
+of our army on that occasion co-operated well within the boundaries of
+a sound and discreet initiative. Many full descriptions have been given
+of Balaclava and Inkerman. Our space here will not allow of more than a
+brief account of some of the glorious deeds on those fields of victory.
+
+On October 25th, 1885, the Russians made a bold attempt to take
+Balaclava, and the tale of their defeat is the immortal tale of two of
+the finest cavalry charges ever known in the history of war.
+Immortalised in verse by Tennyson, the "Charge of the Light Brigade" is
+a deed bringing honour and glory for all time; yet the charge of the
+Heavy Brigade earlier on the same day was an affair even more deadly to
+the enemy and more responsible for the final victory.
+
+At the first attack of the Russians the 93rd (Sutherland) Highlanders
+were called upon to face them and defend the foremost approach. Eight
+Squadrons of General Scarlett's Heavy Brigade on the left wing were at
+once ordered to their assistance. Of these the Scots Greys and
+Inniskillings were diverted to check the advance of a body of Russian
+cavalry 3,000 strong, which was descending from the hill into the
+valley. It all happened on the spur of the moment. As soon as Scarlett
+became aware of the meaning of those 3,000 of the enemy he made up his
+mind in a flash. It was one of the intuitions that determine the
+fortune of war. "Left wheel into line!" and the Greys and Inniskillings
+were ready. They saw the cause and understood the intention. They
+wheeled into line, and as they formed up with quick, cool decision, the
+Russians paused, as if to calculate, some 500 paces away. "Charge!" And
+the Greys and Inniskillings, with Scarlett at their head, thundered
+forward on the enemy.
+
+It was a gallant and almost desperate undertaking, for the two
+squadrons were greatly out-numbered by the opposing force; but it was
+so sudden, unexpected and headlong, that the Russians were thrown into
+hesitation and scarcely knew on the spur of the moment the best way to
+meet it. After the terrible clash of meeting they could do no more than
+try to close in on the English, and in this, by dint of superior
+numbers, they must in the end have wiped our men out had it not been
+that in the very thick of it help came from several sides. First, small
+detachments of other "Heavies" came up rapidly and fell upon the
+enclosing Russians so fiercely that their plan was weakened. Then a
+whole squadron of Inniskillings from our right swept down on the
+enemy's left and completely frustrated its encircling movement.
+Finally, from different quarters, the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards and
+the Royals came up like a whirlwind, and the result of it all was a
+fight of the wildest and most terrible kind. In the thick of it were
+Scarlett and his two squadrons, and the enemy were cut up and swept
+away like chaff before the terrible onslaught within and without, until
+at last they broke and fled in utter confusion back over the crest of
+the hill. So, in glorious victory, ended the Charge of the Heavy
+Brigade, a splendid feat of generalship and valour which, though unsung
+by Laureates, nevertheless throws a tremendous weight of tradition into
+the spirit of the "Heavies" who, with three of their regiments--the
+Scots Greys, and the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards, are to-day repeating
+such deeds at the front without being aware that they are doing
+anything extraordinary.
+
+The Charge of the Light Brigade is a matter that all the world knows
+while all the world wonders--in one sense, that it was ever undertaken,
+and, in another, that mortal flesh and blood could dare so desperate
+and unwarlike a deed at the behest of discipline and still succeed in
+turning it to glorious account. What happened is household reading, but
+who could be restrained from relating it, and who can refrain from
+reading it yet once more?
+
+The Light Brigade, with the 13th Light Dragoons and the 17th Lancers in
+the first line, the 11th Hussars in the second, and the 4th Light
+Dragoons and the 8th Hussars in the third, was drawn up two deep as
+soon as the ambiguous order arrived. The Heavy Brigade was in readiness
+to support, with Lord Lucan commanding in person the Greys and Royals.
+A brief question as to the meaning of the order and a quick reply that
+it was no time to question, but merely to obey, and then the trumpet
+rang out for the charge. It had no uncertain sound and every man
+prepared to do and die as they went down the hill with Lord Cardigan at
+their head at a speed approaching twenty miles an hour. Sheets of
+flame, and a hail of lead, leapt out upon their flanks from the Russian
+infantry. Captain Nolan darted out across their front, shouting and
+waving his sword in the futile effort to explain that it was all a
+mistake. But their minds were made up and they did not heed or could
+not understand his gestures, at so swift a pace; and then, swifter
+still, a fragment of shell tore its way through Nolan's heart and his
+horse wheeled and bore him, dead, but still upright, through the
+advancing ranks before he fell.
+
+Meanwhile the brigade hurled forward, through the dense pall of smoke
+before the guns, into that dreadful impact which has shown the nations
+for ever what our heroes can do. Those who passed between the shot and
+shell passed also between the guns, sabring the gunners as they went,
+until they launched upon the squadron beyond. Then ensued a mighty
+conflict for the possession of the guns. While those in the first line
+fought fiercely with the enemy's cavalry the second and third lines
+thundered in and made their business plain. It was to silence the guns,
+and with all the courage of their kind they did it. Their tracks could
+be traced next day on the field by the lines of dead whose heads were
+not left upon their bodies, or were cloven "from the nave to the
+chaps." The fight was unequal, but they did not seem to realise it, for
+they fought their way back with a persistency that sent an undying
+thrill through all the world. These heroes fought on, and would have
+done so to the last drop had it not been for a timely charge of the
+French Chasseurs d'Afrique upon the pressing hosts of the enemy. Thus
+they were extricated--all that were left of them. "Then they rode
+back"--some 170 in formation.
+
+When they lined up in their original position and Lord Cardigan counted
+them in a glance, he said "Men, it was a mad-brained trick, but it was
+no fault of mine." Later, when the French General was asked his
+opinion, he replied, "It was magnificent, but it was not war." Later
+still, when Lord Cardigan came home, Queen Victoria asked him simply,
+"Where is my army?" Yet, though critics may speak of "absolute
+inutility," and calculating militarists of "sheer waste of life," it
+still remains that the crowning glory of the Light Brigade, born that
+day at Balaclava, has outlived all the survivors of that deathless
+fray, and will still live on when the sword of the conquered has been
+beaten once more into the ploughshare of peace. Ask any man of the 11th
+Hussars fighting at the front to-day what he thinks about the Charge of
+the Light Brigade, and, whatever he says, he will stand an inch higher
+while saying it. And so it is with the nation. In these days, from the
+Secretary for War to the latest recruit--even to the humblest
+non-combatant grimly enduring--we are greater, stronger, more
+whole-hearted for the memory of that glorious episode. It is far
+reaching. It is immortal.
+
+    "When can their glory fade?
+    Oh! the wild charge they made!
+      All the world wondered.
+    Honour the charge they made,
+    Honour the Light Brigade;
+      Noble Six Hundred!"
+
+Ten days had elapsed since their defeat at Balaclava when the Russians
+planned an over-whelming attack on our besieging army. Their objective
+was Mount Inkerman, their methods were secret, and their men 60,000.
+The event shows that they hoped, by sending a strong force to the west
+of Sevastopol and some 20,000 men to engage our army in the field, to
+carry Inkerman, and so compel us to raise the siege.
+
+Through the mists of the cold November morning the Russians, stirred to
+the highest enthusiasm by the priests, advanced on Inkerman, and a
+fight of the most desperate character ensued. Our Second Division, sore
+pressed by overwhelming numbers, was suffering heavily, when,
+notwithstanding the fog, the enemy's strategy became apparent, and the
+Rifle Brigade were sent hurrying up from the field to their assistance.
+The 50th followed, and the battle round Inkerman, now a trifle less
+unequal, eddied and swirled and locked, turning now in favour of one
+side and now the other. All sides belched flame and in turn were
+bespattered with lead. Here a heap of Russian slain, and there, through
+a rift of the mist, a fitful gleam of serried bayonets. The British
+broke ranks and formed squares, and, in this formation, every square
+found work of its own in repelling the fierce and sudden rushes of the
+enemy. A couple of 18-pounders were brought up and long gaps were hewn
+out of the deep ranks of the attacking host. Small groups found
+antagonists by instinct in the mist and fought to a finish on their
+own. Commanders became fighting-men, and every fighting-man his own
+commander. It rested with each and all who had in common, not only the
+fog, but a general purpose, to see that they kept their place between
+anything Russian and the summit of Inkerman; and, in the process of
+this, hand-to-hand combats as heroic as any in the Trojan War were
+joined. "A series of dreadful deeds of daring," says Davenport Adams,
+"of sanguinary hand-to-hand fights, of despairing rallies, of desperate
+assaults in glens and valleys, in brush-wood and glades and remote
+dales, from which the conquerors issued only to engage fresh foes, till
+the old supremacy, so readily assailed, was again triumphant and the
+battalions of the Czar gave way before our steady courage and the
+chivalrous fire of France."
+
+
+_Wyman & Sons Ltd., Printers, London and Reading._
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of British Regiments at the Front, The
+Story of Their Battle Honours, by Reginald Hodder
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44701 ***
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+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44701 ***</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img width="360" height="600" id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="cover"></div>
+
+<div class="box">
+<div class="figcenter"><img width="210" height="31" alt="The Daily Telegraph" src="images/000.jpg"></div>
+
+<p class="ctr">
+WAR BOOKS
+</p>
+</div>
+<br>
+<p class="ctrlarge">
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+</p>
+
+<br><br>
+<div class="widebox">
+<table summary="List heading">
+<tr>
+<td class="leftcenter">Cloth<br>1/- net<br>each</td>
+<td class="center"><img width="210" height="31" alt="The Daily Telegraph" src="images/000.jpg">
+<br>WAR BOOKS</td>
+<td class="rightcenter">Post<br>free<br>1/3<br>each</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<ul>
+<li>HOW THE WAR BEGAN</li>
+<li>By W. L. COURTNEY. LLD., and J. M. KENNEDY</li>
+<li>THE FLEETS AT WAR</li>
+<li>By ARCHIBALD HURD</li>
+<li>THE CAMPAIGN OF SEDAN</li>
+<li>By GEORGE HOOPER</li>
+<li>THE CAMPAIGN ROUND LIEGE</li>
+<li>By J. M. KENNEDY</li>
+<li>IN THE FIRING LINE</li>
+<li>By A. ST. JOHN ADCOCK</li>
+<li>GREAT BATTLES OF THE WORLD</li>
+<li>By STEPHEN CRANE</li>
+<li><small>Author of "The Red Badge of Courage."</small></li>
+<li>BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT</li>
+<li>The story of their Battle Honour.</li>
+<li>THE RED CROSS IN WAR</li>
+<li>By Miss MARY FRANCES BILLINGTON</li>
+<li>FORTY YEARS AFTER</li>
+<li><small>The Story of the Franco-German War. By H. C. BAILEY.</small></li>
+<li><small>With an Introduction by W. L. COURTNEY. LL.D.</small></li>
+<li>A SCRAP OF PAPER</li>
+<li><small>The Inner History of German Diplomacy.</small></li>
+<li>By E. J. DILLON</li>
+<li>HOW THE NATIONS WAGED WAR</li>
+<li><small>A companion volume to "How the War Began," telling how the world faced.</small></li>
+<li><small>Armageddon and how the British Army answered the call to arms.</small></li>
+<li>By J. M. KENNEDY</li>
+<li>AIR-CRAFT IN WAR</li>
+<li>By S. ERIC BRUCE</li>
+<li>FAMOUS FIGHTS OF INDIAN NATIVE REGIMENTS</li>
+<li>THE TRIUMPHANT RETREAT TO PARIS</li>
+<li>THE RUSSIAN ADVANCE</li>
+<li>&nbsp;</li>
+<li><i>OTHER VOLUMES IN PREPARATION</i></li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<p class="ctr">
+PUBLISHED FOR THE DAILY TELEGRAPH<br>
+BY HODDER &#38; STOUGHTON, WARWICK SQUARE,<br>
+LONDON, E.C.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<br><br>
+<h1>
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+<br>
+
+<span class="small">
+THE STORY OF THEIR BATTLE HONOURS</span>
+</h1>
+
+<br>
+<div class="titlepage">
+<p class="ctrsmaller">
+BY
+</p>
+
+<p class="ctr">
+REGINALD HODDER
+</p>
+
+<br><p class="ctr">
+HODDER AND STOUGHTON<br>
+LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO<br>
+<small>MCMXIV</small>
+</p>
+</div>
+<br>
+<p>
+The Author wishes to express his indebtedness to <span class="sc">Mr. J.
+Norvill</span> for his valuable assistance and suggestions.
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+CONTENTS
+</h2>
+
+<table summary="Contents">
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt"><small>CHAPTER</small></td>
+<td class="txt">&nbsp;</td>
+<td class="pg"><small>PAGE</small></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="txt" colspan="2">INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER&#8212;NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY WERE WON</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#intro">9</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">I.</td>
+<td class="txt">5TH DRAGOON GUARDS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#I">41</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">II.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE CARABINIERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#II">43</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">III.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE SCOTS GREYS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#III">49</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">IV.</td>
+<td class="txt">15TH HUSSARS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#IV">57</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">V.</td>
+<td class="txt">18TH HUSSARS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#V">61</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">VI.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE GRENADIER GUARDS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#VI">63</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">VII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#VII">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">VIII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE ROYAL SCOTS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#VIII">76</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">IX.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#IX">84</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">X.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#X">89</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XI.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE NORFOLKS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XI">92</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE BLACK WATCH</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XII">100</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XIII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XIII">113</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XIV.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XIV">118</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XV.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XV">139</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XVI.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XVI">142</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XVII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XVII">146</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XVIII.</td>
+<td class="txt">FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XVIII">156</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XIX.</td>
+<td class="txt">BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XIX">178</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="intro">&nbsp;</a>
+NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY WERE WON
+</h2>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Rusty Buckles."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) got their name of "The Bays" in
+1767 when they were mounted on bay horses&#8212;a thing which distinguished
+them from other regiments, which, with the exception of the Scots
+Greys, had black horses. Their nickname, "The Rusty Buckles," though
+lending itself to a ready explanation, is doubtful as to its origin;
+but one thing is certain that the rust remained on the buckles only
+because the fighting was so strenuous and prolonged that there was no
+time to clean it off.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Royal Irish."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 4th Dragoon Guards received this title in 1788, in recognition of
+its long service in Ireland since 1698. The regiment also has the name
+of the "Blue Horse" from the blue facings of the uniform.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Green Horse."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were given this name in 1717 when their facings
+were changed from buff to green. Some time later, after Salamanca, they
+were also called the "Green Dragoon Guards."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Tichborne's Own."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 6th Dragoon Guards, or Carabiniers, have been known as "Tichborne's
+Own" ever since the trial of Arthur Orton, as Sir Roger Tichborne had
+served for some time in the regiment. The name of "Carabiniers" has
+distinguished them ever since 1692, when they were armed with long
+pistols or "carabins." With these weapons they did signal work in
+Ireland in 1690-1.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Scots Greys."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This regiment, the 2nd Dragoons, has been known by many names: "Second
+to None," "The Old Greys," "Royal Regiment of Scots Dragoons," (in
+1681, when they were commanded by the famous Claverhouse); "The Grey
+Dragoons" in 1700, the "Scots Regiment of White Horses," the "Royal
+Regiment of North British Dragoons" in 1707, the "2nd Dragoons" in
+1713, and the "2nd Royal North British Dragoons" in 1866.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Associated with them and all their different names is the memorable cry
+of "Scotland for ever"&#8212;that wild shout they raised as they charged the
+French infantry at Waterloo. At Ramillies they captured the colours of
+the French R&#233;giment du Roi and by this gained the right to wear
+grenadier caps instead of helmets. "Bubbly Jocks" is a nickname
+frequently used among themselves&#8212;a name derived from the fact that
+their dress in its general effect is not unlike that of the "Bubbly
+Jock" or turkey cock.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Lord Adam Gordon's Life Guards."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 3rd Hussars received this nickname from the fact that when Lord
+Adam Gordon commanded the regiment in Scotland he kept it there for
+such a long time&#8212;"for <i>life</i>" so to speak. When it was raised, in
+1685, the regiment was called "The Queen Consort's Regiment of
+Dragoons." In 1691 it was known as "Leveson's Dragoons." In the time of
+the George's it was called variously "King's Own Dragoons" and "Bland's
+Horse." In 1818 it was made a "Light Dragoon" regiment, and it was not
+until 1861 that it became Hussars.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Paget's Irregular Horse."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 4th Hussars received this title on its return from foreign service,
+when it was remarked that its drill was less regular than that of the
+other regiments. In 1685 it was called the "Princess Ann of Denmark's
+Regiment of Dragoons." Like the 3rd it was formed into a regiment of
+Hussars in 1861.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Red Breasts."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 5th Lancers, or Royal Irish, are called "Red Breasts" because of
+their scarlet facings. In 1689 they were known as the "Royal Irish
+Dragoons," having been raised to assist at the siege of Londonderry in
+1688. They became the "5th Royal Irish Lancers" in 1858. This regiment
+has also been called the "Daily Advertisers," but the derivation of
+this name is somewhat obscure.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Delhi Spearmen."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 9th Lancers received this name from the rebels of the Indian
+Mutiny, against whom they used their long lances with such deadly
+effect. In 1830 they were known as the "Queen's Royal Lancers," and
+"Wynne's Dragoons."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Cherry Pickers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 11th Hussars were dubbed "Cherry Pickers" because some of their men
+during the Peninsular War were taken prisoners in a fruit garden while
+supposed to be on outpost duty. They are known also as "Prince Albert's
+Own" from the fact that they formed part of the Prince's escort from
+Dover to Canterbury when he arrived in England in 1840 as the late
+Queen's chosen Consort. One hears them sometimes referred to as the
+"Cherubims," from their crimson overalls, busby bag, and crimson and
+white plume.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Supple 12th."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Salamanca that the 12th Lancers received this honoured name,
+because of their dash and rapid movements.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Fighting 15th."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Emsdorf that the 15th Hussars won this name, and their feat
+of arms on that field gained them the privilege to wear on their
+helmets the following inscription: "Five battalions of French defeated
+and taken by this Regiment with their colours and nine pieces of cannon
+at Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." In 1794, at Villiers-en-Couch&#233;, they
+charged with the Austrian Leopold Hussars against vastly superior
+numbers to protect the person of the Austrian Emperor. In recognition
+of this the then Kaiser presented each of the eight surviving officers
+with a medal. In 1799 they received the Royal honour of decking their
+helmets with scarlet feathers. The "Fighting 15th" are also known in
+history as "Elliot's Light Horse."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Dumpies."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 20th Hussars, together with the 19th and 21st, received the name of
+"Dumpies" from the fact that the regiment when formed of volunteers
+from the disbanded Bengal European Cavalry of the East India Company
+were short and dumpy. Though nowadays there is many a giant among the
+20th, the name of "Dumpies" still survives.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Mudlarks."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Engineers received this name from the nature of their
+ordinary business in war. In 1722 they were called the "Soldier
+Artificers Corps"; and, in 1813, "The Royal Sappers and Miners."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Gunners."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Artillery have held this name from their regular formation in
+1793. Formerly, after the rebellion in Scotland, they were known as the
+"Royal Regiment of Artillery," and, though not in any way formed into a
+regiment, they date still further back, one might say even to the early
+days when guns were made of wood and leather. That was before 1543,
+when the first gun was cast in England. In 1660 the master gunner was
+called the "Chief Fire Master". The Honourable Artillery Company was
+founded in 1537 and is the oldest Volunteer Corps in Great Britain.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Sandbags."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Grenadier Guards gained this peculiar name from their special
+privilege of working in plain clothes for wages at coal or gravel
+heaving, and for this same reason they were often called "Coalheavers."
+They seem to have got this name in Flanders, where they excelled at
+trench work. Another of their nicknames is "Old Eyes." In 1657 they
+were known as the "Royal Regiment of Guards," and in 1660 as the
+"King's Regiment of Guards."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Coldstreamers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Coldstream Guards received their name in 1666 when Monk marched
+them from Coldstream to assist Charles II to regain his throne. They
+have been called the "<i>Nulli Secundus Club</i>," in memory of the
+fact that Charles, before he hit on the name "Coldstream Guards,"
+wished to call them the "2nd Foot Guards," a thing to which they
+strongly objected, saying that they were "second to none."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Jocks."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The origin of this name for the Scots Guards is obvious. History is a
+little uncertain about their record, as their papers were burnt by
+accident in 1841; but this is certain, that they were raised as Scots
+Guards in 1639 and were called later the "Scots Fusilier Guards" and
+the "3rd Foot Guards," after which, in 1877, they resumed the name of
+"Scots Guards."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This strange nickname of the Royal Scots Regiment is based on an
+equally strange story. As long ago as 1637, when most other regiments
+were as yet unborn, a dispute arose between the Royal Scots and the
+Picardy Regiment on the point of priority in age. The Picardy Regiment
+claimed to have been on duty the night after the Crucifixion. But the
+Royal Scots met this with a withering volley. "Had we been on duty
+then," they said, "we should not have slept at our post." This incident
+caused some wag to dub the Royal Scots "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard,"
+and the name has stuck to them ever since. There is another tradition
+that this regiment represents the body of Scottish Archers, who for
+many centuries formed the guard of the French Kings. It fought in the
+seven years' war under Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, and was
+incorporated in the British Army in 1633. Since then, whenever war has
+been declared, every man of "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard" has been among
+the last to stay at home.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Lions."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Lancaster Regiment bears upon its colour the Lions of
+England, disposed, as in Trafalgar Square, one at each quarter. This
+distinction was given them by the Prince of Orange, as they were the
+first regiment to join him in 1688 when he landed at Torbay. They have
+also been called "Barrell's Blues" from their Commander and their blue
+facings. They received the title of "King's Own" from George I., in
+1715, and our late King Edward became their Colonel-in-Chief in 1903.
+Our present King is now the Colonel-in-Chief.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Kirke's Lambs."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal West Surrey Regiment (The Queen's) derived this name from
+Kirke and from the Paschal Lamb in each of the four corners of its
+colour. The name has also an ironical derivation from the fact that
+they were employed to enforce the cruelties of "Bloody Judge Jeffreys."
+Another nickname of theirs is the "First Tangerines," because they were
+raised in 1661 as the "Tangiers Regiment of Foot," for the purpose of
+garrisoning Tangiers, at that time a British possession. John
+Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, began his career in this Regiment.
+Another nickname, "Sleepy Queen's" is derived from a slight omission of
+theirs at Almeida, when, through some oversight, they allowed General
+Brennier to escape. But they have so far lived this down that now,
+<i lang="la">ut lucus a non lucendo</i>, they are called "sleepy" because they
+are always very wide awake.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Shiners."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Northumberland Fusiliers deserve that name because they are always
+so spic-and-span. They also deserve the name of "Fighting Fifth"
+because they have many a time proved their right to it. At the battle
+of Kirch Denkern (1761) they captured a whole regiment of French
+infantry, and, in the following year, at Wilhelmsthal, they took twice
+their own number prisoners. They have also the name of "Lord
+Wellington's Body Guard" because, in 1811, they were attached to
+Headquarters. Another name is "The Old and Bold." On St. George's day
+the "Fighting Fifth" wear roses in their caps, but the origin of this
+is not clear, unless it may be that one of their badges is "St. George
+and the Dragon," and another "The Rose and Crown." They also wear the
+white feathers of the French Grenadiers on the anniversary of the
+battle of La Vigie, when Comte de Grasse attempted to relieve the
+Island of St. Lucia in the West Indies. On that occasion the "Old and
+Bold" took the white plumes from the caps of their defeated opponents,
+the French Grenadiers. To-day, the white in the red and white hackle
+now worn by them refers back to that terrible death-struggle. The 5th
+is the only foot regiment which has the distinction of a red and white
+pompon. It is worth recording here that they formed part of a force
+which repulsed overwhelming numbers of the enemy on the heights of El
+Bodon (1811) during the investment of Ciudad Rodrigo. The Iron Duke
+spoke of this achievement as "a memorable example of what can be done
+by steadiness, discipline and confidence."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Elegant Extracts."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The word sounds like a fashionable chemical compound, but its real
+meaning is derived from the fact that the officers of the Royal
+Fusiliers&#8212;except 2nd Lieutenants and Ensigns, of which at the time
+they had none&#8212;were "extracted" from other corps. In the eighteenth
+century they were known as the "Hanoverian White Horse." Those who have
+lived to remember the Crimean War will remember also that brave song,
+"Fighting with the 7th Royal Fusiliers"&#8212;a song which became so popular
+that the regiment could have been recruited four times over had it been
+necessary.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Leather Hats."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The King's (Liverpool) Regiment gained their name from their head-gear.
+They were raised by James II. in 1685. In the American War an officer
+and 40 men of the "Leather Hats" captured a fort held by 400 of the
+enemy. It is interesting to know that this regiment has an allied
+regiment of the Australian Commonwealth&#8212;the 8th Australian Infantry
+Regiment.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Holy Boys."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Norfolk Regiment has had this name ever since the Peninsular War.
+In that campaign the Spaniards, seeing the figure of Britannia on the
+cross-belts of the 9th, thought that it was a representation of the
+Virgin Mary. There is another story to the effect that they derive
+their name from their reputed practice of selling their Bibles to buy
+drink during the Peninsular War. But this I do not believe. Another
+name for them is the "Fighting Ninth"&#8212;a title which no one can refuse
+to believe. Their bravery at the siege of St. Sebastian might alone
+justify it.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Springers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Lincolnshire Regiment received this nickname during the American
+War because they were remarkable in their readiness to spring into
+action when called upon. It was the first infantry regiment to enter
+Boer territory during the late South African War. Their other name of
+"Lincolnshire Poachers" has no satisfactory derivation.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Bloody Eleventh."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There are two stories to account for this nickname of the Devonshire
+Regiment. One is that at Salamanca they were in a very sanguinary
+condition after the battle. The other is that when they were in Dublin
+in 1690 the regiment's contractor supplied bad meat, on which they
+swore that if he did so again they would hang the butcher. There was no
+improvement in the meat, so they hanged the delinquent in front of his
+own shop on one of his own meat-hooks. It is no doubt the first story
+that is the true one. Another name for the Devonshires is "One and
+All." It was a man in this regiment who wounded Napoleon at Toulon in
+1793.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Old Dozen."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Suffolk Regiment won glory for itself at the siege of Gibraltar. It
+also behaved with the greatest gallantry at Minden, and that is why on
+the 1st of August (Minden Day) the "Old Dozen" parade with a rose in
+the head-dress of each man. In connection with this they are also
+called the "Minden Boys."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Peacemakers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Bedfordshire Regiment were first known as the "Peacemakers" because
+at that time there were no battles on its colours. For the same reason
+no doubt they were also called "Bloodless Lambs." Another nickname of
+theirs is "The Old Bucks"&#8212;a title justified by their hard fighting in
+the Netherlands under William III. and also under Marlborough.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Bengal Tigers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Leicestershire Regiment gets its name from the Royal Green Tiger on
+its badge. This distinction was given it for a brilliant achievement in
+the Nepal War of 1814, when they captured a Standard bearing a tiger.
+They are also called "Lily Whites," from their white facings.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Green Howards."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Yorkshire Regiment was commanded by Colonel Howard, and has green
+facings. They are also called "Howard's Garbage," and must not be
+confused with the 24th Foot, also once commanded by a Colonel Howard,
+and styled "Howard's Greens."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Earl of Mar's Grey Breeks."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Scots Fusiliers received this name from the colour of their
+breeches at the time the regiment was raised in 1678. "The Grey Breeks"
+wear a white plume in their head-dress&#8212;an honour bestowed in
+recognition of their services during the Boer War.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Lightning Conductors."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There is some doubt as to how the Cheshire Regiment acquired this name.
+But it may be connected in some way with the fact that at Dettingen,
+when George II. was attacked by the French Cavalry, they formed round
+him under an oak tree and drove the enemy off. In remembrance of this
+occasion the oak leaf is worn by them at all inspections and reviews in
+obedience to the wish of George II. when he plucked a leaf from the
+tree and handed it to the Commander. They are also known as the "Two
+Twos" from their number, the 22nd. Another of their names is "The Red
+Knights," because, when recruiting at Chelmsford in 1795, red jackets,
+breeches and waistcoats were served out to them instead of the proper
+uniform. This regiment, under the name of the "Soulsburg Grenadiers,"
+was under Wolfe when he was mortally wounded at Quebec.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Nanny Goats."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Welsh Fusiliers are known as "Nanny Goats" or "Royal Goats"
+because they always have a goat, with shields and garlands on its
+horns, marching bravely at the head of the drum. This has been their
+custom for over a hundred years. A glance at the back of their tunics
+reveals a small piece of silk known as a "flash." It has been there
+ever since the days when its office was to keep the powdered pigtail
+from soiling the tunic. The King is Colonel-in-Chief of the "Nanny
+Goats."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Howard's Greens."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The South Wales Borderers were at one time commanded by a Colonel
+Howard. It was a company of this regiment which achieved immortal glory
+at Rorke's Drift, which they defended against 3,000 Zulus. In Africa
+they gained no less than eight V.C.'s. On the Queen's colour of each
+battalion may be seen a silver wreath. This was bestowed by Queen
+Victoria in memory of Lieutenants Melville and Coghill, who died to
+save the colours at Isandlhwana.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Botherers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The King's Own Scottish Borderers&#8212;the only regiment that was allowed
+to beat up for recruits in Edinburgh without asking the Lord Provost's
+permission&#8212;were called "Botherers," partly on this account and partly
+by corruption from "Borderers." They bear also the name of "Leven's
+Regiment," from the remarkable fact that in 1689 they were raised by
+the Earl of Leven in Edinburgh, in the space of four hours. They are
+also known as the "K.O.B.s."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Cameronians."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion of the Scottish Rifles are the descendants of the
+Glasgow Cameronian Guard which was raised during the Revolution of 1688
+from the Cameronians, a strict set of Presbyterians founded by
+Archibald Cameron, the martyr. The 2nd Battalion is known as "Sir
+Thomas Graham's Perthshire Grey Breeks." It received this name from the
+fact that when Lord Moira ordered the regiment to be equipped and
+trained as a Light Infantry Corps, their uniforms consisted of a red
+jacket faced with buff, over a red waistcoat, with buff tights and
+Hessians for the officers, and light grey pantaloons for the men. Both
+battalions now wear dark green doublets and tartan "trews."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Slashers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Gloucestershire Regiment derives its name of "Slashers" from its
+achievements in the battle of the White Plains in 1777. There is
+another story, however, that the name arose from a report that, on one
+occasion, a magistrate having refused shelter to the women of the
+regiment during a severe winter, some of the officers disguised
+themselves as Indians and slashed off both his ears. In Torres Straits
+there is a reef which is marked on the charts as the "Slashers' Reef"
+because, after the Khyber Pass disaster of 1842, the "Slashers" were on
+the way from Australia to India when the transport conveying them
+grounded on this reef. Their other name of the "Old Braggs" is derived
+from their Commander, General Braggs, of 1734. In regard to this there
+is the tradition of an order given by a wag of a Colonel when the "Old
+Braggs" were brigaded with other regiments with Royal Titles. The order
+runs:
+</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"Neither Kings nor Queens nor Royal Marines,</div>
+<div>But 28th Old Braggs;</div>
+<div>Brass before and brass behind;</div>
+<div>Ne'er feared a foe of any kind,&#8212;</div>
+<div class="i5">Shoulder arms!"</div></div></div></div>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Vein Openers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Worcestershire Regiment were dubbed "The Vein Openers" by the
+people of Boston, (U.S.A.) in 1770, because they were the first to draw
+blood in the preliminary disturbances before the war. After the
+Peninsular War they were called "Old and Bold." Another name for them
+is "Star of the Line," from the eight-pointed star on their pouches&#8212;a
+distinction peculiarly their own. The 2nd Battalion were known as the
+"Saucy Greens" from the colour of their facings and, presumably, their
+extreme sauciness.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Young Buffs."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion of the East Surrey Regiment derived their nickname
+from a peculiar royal mistake. At the battle of Dettingen, King George
+II., mistaking them for the "3rd Buffs," called out "Bravo Old Buffs!"
+Being reminded that they were not the "Old Buffs" but the 31st, His
+Majesty at once corrected his cry to "Bravo, Young Buffs!" and the name
+has stuck to the battalion ever since. The 2nd Battalion was raised at
+Glasgow in 1756 and takes its name of "Glasgow Greys" from that and the
+facings of the uniform.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Red Feathers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Battalion of the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry gained their
+nickname by a signal act of defiant heroism. During the American War of
+Independence they learned that the enemy had marked them down as men to
+whom no quarter was to be given. On this the Light Company, wishing to
+restrict the full force of this threat to themselves, and to prevent
+others suffering by mistake, stained their plume feathers red as a
+distinguishing mark. For this fine act they were authorised to wear a
+red feather, and this honour is perpetuated in the red cloth of the
+helmet and cap badge and the red pughri worn on foreign service. Their
+other nickname "The Laced&#230;monians" has a dash of grim humour in its
+origin. During the same war, at the time of all times when the men were
+under a withering fire, their Colonel made a long speech to them&#8212;all
+about the Laced&#230;monians, a brave race enough, but terribly ignorant of
+rifle fire.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Havercake Lads."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The West Riding Regiment (The Duke of Wellington's) is said to have
+derived its nickname from the fact that the recruiting sergeants in the
+old days carried an oat cake on the points of their swords. There is a
+joke among "The Havercakes" as old as their first recruiting sergeant.
+This enterprising man was in the habit of addressing the Yorkshire
+crowd as follows: "Come, my lads; don't lose your time listening to
+what them foot sojers says about their ridgements. List in <i>my</i>
+ridgement and you'll be all right. Their ridgements are obliged to
+march on foot, but <i>my</i> ridgement is the gallant 33rd, the First
+Yorkshire West <i>Riding</i> Ridgement, and when ye join headquarters
+ye'll be all mounted on horses."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Battalion is known as "The Immortals," from the fact that in
+the Indian wars under Lord Lake every man bore the marks of wounds.
+They were also called "The Seven and Sixpennies" from their number
+(76th) and from the fact that seven and sixpence represented a
+lieutenant's pay.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Orange Lilies."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment was named "The Orange
+Lilies" from their early facings, orange, a mark of favour from William
+III., in 1701, and the white plume taken from the Roussillon French
+Grenadiers at Quebec in 1759. They were originally called "The Belfast
+Regiment" then "The Prince of Orange's Own." The orange facings were
+replaced by blue in 1832, and the white plumes disappeared in 1810; but
+the white (Roussillon) plume is still a badge of the Royal Sussex.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Pump and Tortoise."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion South Staffordshire Regiment earned half their
+nickname from their extreme sobriety and the other half from the slow
+way they set about their work when actually stationed at Malta. The 2nd
+Battalion is known as "The Staffordshire Knots."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Sankey's Horse."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Battalion Dorsetshire Regiment, under Colonel Sankey in 1707,
+arrived at Almanza during the battle mounted on mules, hence the term
+"Sankey's Horse," applied to a foot regiment. They were the first
+King's regiment to land in India, in memory of which they have for
+their motto "Primus in Indis." In 1742 the regiment was popularly known
+as "The Green Linnets" from the "sad green" facings of its uniform. The
+2nd Battalion acquired the name of "The Flamers" from their large share
+in the destruction of the town and stores of New London, together with
+twelve privateers, by fire in 1781.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Excellers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This name was fastened upon the 1st Battalion South Lancashire Regiment
+from its number (XL the 40th). It is also known as "The Fighting
+Fortieth." Until its amalgamation with the 82nd it had the honour of
+being next to the Royal Scots in the number of battle honours on its
+colour.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The 1st Invalids."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion Welsh Regiment is set down in old Army Lists under
+this name because it was first raised as a regiment of Invalids, in
+1719. In George II's, time it was known as "Wardour's Regiment." The
+nickname of the 2nd Battalion is a curious play on words&#8212;or rather
+figures. They are called the "Ups and Downs" because their number
+(69th) reads the same when inverted. The 69th are also called "The Old
+Agamemnons," a fancy title bestowed on them by Lord Nelson at St.
+Vincent after the name of his ship, on which a detachment was serving
+as marines.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Black Watch."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Highlanders won this honoured name from the sombre colour of
+their tartan some ten years before their Highland Companies were formed
+into a regiment known as "The Highland Regiment." Its first Colonel,
+Lord Crawford, being a lowlander, had no family tartan, so, it is said,
+this special tartan was devised. The bright colours in the various
+tartans are said to have been extracted, leaving only the dark green
+ground. The French, under the impression that in their own mountainous
+country they ran wild and naked, called them "Sauvages d'Ecosse." The
+red hackle in their bonnets was won at Guildermalsen in 1794.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Cauliflowers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Loyal North Lancashire Regiment have this nickname from the former
+colour of the facings of the 1st Battalion. They are also called "The
+Lancashire Lads." After Quebec the 47th were nicknamed "Wolfe's Own"
+and to this day the officers of both battalions wear a black worm in
+their lace gold as a sign of sorrow for their general's death. This is
+the only regiment that is officially styled "Loyal," the 2nd Battalion
+having been known prior to 1881 as the 81st (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers).
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Steelbacks."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This is the name applied to the Northamptonshire Regiment because of
+the unflinching way in which they took their floggings. While under
+Wellington in the Peninsular War one, Hovenden, a private, was flogged
+for breach of discipline. At the twentieth stroke he fainted and this
+so disgusted his comrades that on his recovery they cut him dead. Much
+annoyed at this Hovenden marched up to the Colonel and called him a
+fool, and for this he was ordered to be flogged again. That night the
+regiment was attacked by the French, and Hovenden, evading the guard,
+arrived on the battlefield in time to see his Colonel captured by the
+enemy. With his musket he shot down the captors and then liberated the
+Colonel and bound up his wounds. After this he returned to make sure of
+his flogging, but was struck by a bullet and killed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Northamptonshires have also the honoured name, "Heroes of
+Talavera," because they turned the tide of battle on that victorious
+day.
+</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="image"><img width="500" height="271" src="images/001.jpg" alt="THE &quot;DIE HARDS&quot; AT ALBUERA.">
+<p class="caption">
+THE "DIE HARDS" AT ALBUERA.
+<br><i>From a Painting by R Caton Woodville</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Blind Half Hundred."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion Royal West Kent Regiment suffered greatly from
+ophthalmia in Egypt in 1801, hence this nickname. They were called also
+"The Dirty Half Hundred" because the men, when in action in hot
+weather, used to wipe their faces with their black cuffs, with obvious
+results. Another of their names is "The Devil's Royals," and yet
+another "The Gallant 50th"&#8212;this last because at Vimiera, in 1807, 900
+of them routed 5,307 of the enemy.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Kolis."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry derive their name of "Kolis"
+from their initials. The name often takes the corrupted form of
+"Coalies."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Die-Hards."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion Duke of Cambridge's Own (Middlesex Regiment) were
+styled "Die Hards" from the memorable words of Inglis at Albuera: "Die
+hard, my men; die hard!"&#8212;words which were endorsed by Stanley at
+Inkerman when he said: "Die hard! Remember Albuera!" The 2nd Battalion
+are called "The Pothooks," from their number (77).
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Royal American Provincials."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This distinguished popular name was bestowed on the King's Royal Rifle
+Corps because they were raised in America.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Bloodsuckers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Manchester Regiment appear to have acquired this name from general
+and warlike reasons. The 1st Battalion displayed great courage and
+steadiness in the defence of Ladysmith. The 2nd Battalion was formerly
+the "Minorca Regiment" and became part of the Line in 1804 as the 97th
+(Queen's German) Regiment, becoming later the 96th Foot.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Strada Reale Highlanders."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Gordon Highlanders (92nd and 75th) would propound a riddle to you:
+What is the difference between the 92nd and the 75th? The answer is
+that the 92nd are real Highlanders, and the 75th are Real(e)
+Highlanders.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Cia mar tha's."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Cameron Highlanders owe this nickname to Sir Allen Cameron, who
+raised the regiment. It was his word to everybody: "Cia mar tha!" (How
+d'ye do!)
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Garvies."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Connaught Rangers are called "Garvies" because their recruits, when
+first the regiment was raised, were both lean and raw. Now a "garvie"
+is a small herring.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Blue Caps."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the time of the relief of Cawnpore, a despatch of Nana Sahib was
+intercepted, containing a reference to those "blue-capped English
+soldiers who fought like devils." These "Blue-Caps" were the Madras
+Fusiliers, then a "John Company" regiment, but now the 1st Battalion
+Royal Dublin Fusiliers. The name was later stamped in perpetuity by
+Havelock, at the bridge of Charbagh. The question was put to him by
+Outram as to who could possibly carry the bridge under so deadly a
+fire. "My Blue Caps!" replied Havelock, and his faith in them was
+justified, for they carried it against overwhelming odds. The Bombay
+Fusiliers (another "John Company" regiment) now the 2nd Battalion Royal
+Dublin Fusiliers, have an equally distinguished record. They have been
+known as "The Old Toughs."
+</p>
+
+
+
+<br>
+<p class="booktitle">
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="I">&nbsp;</a>
+THE <span class="sc">5TH</span> DRAGOON GUARDS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+(<span class="sc">Cadogan's Horse</span>).
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were raised by the Earl of Shrewsbury to support
+James against "King Monmouth" at Sedgmoor. For the same reasons that
+"Britons never, never will be slaves," they refused, on consideration,
+to support James, and sided with William, for whom they threw in their
+weight at the Boyne. They were also at a former siege of Namur, and
+bore themselves bravely at Blenheim.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The story is told that, after that battle, a Sunday Church parade was
+called, in which the British army deployed to fire a volley of victory,
+and Marshal Tallard, who was a prisoner, was reluctantly present on
+that occasion. After the volley, the Duke of Marlborough turned to
+Tallard, and asked what he thought of the British army. "Well enough,"
+replied Tallard, shrugging his shoulders, "but the troops they
+defeated, why, those are the best soldiers in the world!" "If that is
+so," said the Duke, "what will the world think of the fellows who
+thrashed them?" All obvious enough, but the Duke would never have slept
+quietly in his bed if he had left it unstated.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Salamanca, with the 3rd and 4th Light Dragoons, the 5th Dragoon
+Guards carved their way through a treble thickness of French army
+columns, under a heavy fire. For this marvellous achievement
+"Salamanca" is writ large on their colours.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Vestigia nulla retrorsum."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde,
+Malplaquet, Salamanca, Vittoria, Toulouse, Peninsula, Balaclava,
+Sevastopol, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Scarlet, dark green facings, red and white plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="II">&nbsp;</a>
+THE CARABINIERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Tichborne's Own.</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"It is your sex that makes us go forth to fight&#8230;.</div>
+<div>It is your sex who cherish our memories."</div></div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<div class="i16"><i>Nelson.</i></div></div></div></div>
+<br>
+
+<p>
+There is not a woman in our vast Empire who has not good cause to
+regard with admiration and gratitude those noble protectors and
+terrible avengers of the honour of their sex&#8212;the Carabiniers. During
+the Indian Mutiny&#8212;but first a brief word as to their history.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It dates from the time of Monmouth's rebellion, when they were raised
+by Lord Lumley to support King James. Owing to the fact, however, that
+Lord Lumley was no supporter of the king's tyrannies, the regiment
+seceded, and later, when the Prince of Orange landed, threw in their
+lot with him whole-heartedly. Their title, "The Carabiniers," was
+bestowed upon them in recognition of the great part they played in the
+battle of the Boyne, for William had in mind the famous carabiniers of
+Louis XIV.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the list of the glories of the Carabiniers is Aughrim. Macaulay says
+about this occasion: "St. Ruth laughed when he saw the Carabiniers and
+the Blues struggling through a morass under a fire which, at every
+moment, laid some gallant hat and feather on the earth." "What did they
+mean?" he asked, and then he swore it was a pity to see such fine
+fellows marching to certain destruction. Nevertheless, at the issue of
+that business, it was he, and his troops, that reaped the destruction.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was some little time later that the Carabiniers saved the situation
+for King William at Landen, by an obstinate stand against his pursuers,
+while he crossed the bridge. As Corporal Trim in "Tristram Shandy"
+says; "If it had not been for the regiments of Wyndham, (<i>i.e.</i>,
+the Carabiniers) Lumley and Galway, which covered the retreat over the
+bridge at Neerspecken, the king himself could scarcely have gained it."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In three continents the Carabiniers have fought their way to an exalted
+fame. At Ramillies they captured the standard of the Royal Regiment of
+Bombardiers of France. At Malplaquet they measured steel and courage
+with the formidable Household Brigade of France and came out
+victorious. And from that time onward their glorious career can be
+traced through Europe, Asia and Africa in such clear lines that the
+enemy who runs has read.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But it was during the time of the Indian Mutiny that they performed
+feats of valour for which we British men, as well as the women, owe
+them heartfelt gratitude. They were among the reinforcements sent out
+to stay the terrible tide of massacre and rapine. How they struggled
+for life and empire at Delhi; repulsed the rebels outside Lucknow with
+fearful carnage, with loss of their leader; and, finally, when Lucknow
+had fallen, pursued the rebels with relentless wrath, dealing vengeance
+with a heavy hand&#8212;all this has been written by many pens. It has been
+the theme to make the driest book most vivid reading. It was the story
+of stern, ruthless punishment and revenge for the horrible crimes
+committed by the then unregenerate Sepoy against helpless women and
+children&#8212;crimes of torture, murder, wholesale massacre, and
+unconceivable outrage.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One has only to remember the horrible atrocities of the Indian Mutiny
+to acquit the Carabiniers of any charge of undue ferocity; one has only
+to remember Cawnpore, and the women and the babies, in order to admire
+their offices of stern, relentless retribution. And all this happened
+at the very time when all London was celebrating the centenary of the
+sublime victory of Plassey, and the brilliant acquisition of the Indian
+Empire under the genius of Clive.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When, at Meerut, on that never-to-be-forgotten Sunday, they pursued the
+fiends responsible for that awful massacre, the Carabiniers, together
+with the 60th Rifles drew a very determined line between righteous
+revenge and feeble long-sufferance; between just wrath, that
+ever-potential factor in heroic blood: primitive wrath, and its cognate
+barbarity of act. "Remember the women! Remember the babies!" ran
+through the ranks on that occasion; and, with one heart and mind, the
+Carabiniers and the 60th, an avenging host, pursued the rebels, and cut
+them to pieces, right up to the very gates of Delhi, imprecating as
+they slew. And well they might be forgiven for that. Never were the
+lives of the innocent and defenceless so quickly, terribly, yet justly
+avenged; never has a more awful nemesis from human hands fallen upon
+the destroyers of women and women's honour. And, remembering all this,
+we defend it and uphold it, for we know full well that, in this present
+war, the barbarities and atrocities committed by an unprincipled enemy
+must again meet with this righteous kind of vengeance. And, if it is
+the traditional and special aspiration of the Carabiniers of to-day to
+cry "Remember Louvain! Remember the women and babies of Belgium!" shall
+we say "Hold and spare!" No! shall we say, "Vengeance is God's: God
+will repay!" Yes, with all our heart and soul; and what better agency
+for repayment than that of our noble Carabiniers! They are not of the
+kind to repay barbarity with barbarity; but they are of the kind to use
+their swords with singular effect, and like English gentlemen, whose
+special office it is to wreak proper vengeance to-day as in the past on
+the destroyers of women and children.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Gungaree the Carabiniers lost three of their officers, but for this
+they took a heavy toll. Meeting the rebels three days later, they
+defeated them completely, taking their leaders prisoners. Again the
+terrible work began. Hotly they pursued the flying rebels, and put them
+to the sword without a show of quarter. Rebel blood flowed like water
+for the rebel deeds they had committed against right and honour.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde,
+Malplaquet, Sevastopol, Delhi, Afghanistan 1879-80, S. Africa
+1889-1902, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Blue, white facings, white plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="image"><img width="354" height="493" src="images/002.jpg" alt="CHARGE OF SCOTS GREYS AT WATERLOO.">
+<p class="caption">
+CHARGE OF SCOTS GREYS AT WATERLOO.
+<br><i>From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="III">&nbsp;</a>
+THE SCOTS GREYS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Second to None</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Greys, gallant Greys! I am 61 years old, but, if I were young
+again, I should like to be one of you."&#8212;<i>Sir Colin Campbell at
+Balaclava.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Dragoons (Royal Scots Greys), whose motto is "Second to None,"
+are pictured to British eyes and imaginations in that wonderful
+painting, "Scotland for Ever." The Charge of the Light Brigade, great
+and glorious as it was, is, and ever will be, is perpetually linked
+with the Charge of the Heavy Brigade, under Scarlett, when, faced with
+a vastly superior force of the enemy, it offered such heroic
+assistance, that, had it not been for this, the glory of the immortal
+six hundred might not have been sung in the same triumphant voice. It
+was a gallant feat on the part of the "Heavies"&#8212;a feat which, though
+somewhat overshadowed by the dazzling "Charge of the Six Hundred," was
+nevertheless greatly influential in turning the tide of battle.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+(Inseparately connected with the Scots Greys at the front to-day, is
+the Prince of Wales' Royal Lancers&#8212;the 12th. At Salamanca the "supple
+12th" joined in the final charge which routed the French cavalry. At
+Vittoria the Greys saw Joseph deprived of his crown, and were
+fortunately present at the conquest of San Sebastian. In Egypt they won
+honours under Abercromby, and to-day the emblazonment of the mystic
+sphinx on their standard bears witness to the most heroic deeds. What
+they have done, that they can do, and their gallant deeds in the
+present super-war show that while the Scots Greys are still second to
+none, the 12th Lancers are among the first in every glorious deed.)
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The charge of the Greys and Inniskillings has been graphically
+described by many writers. Perhaps the words "Up the hill, up the hill,
+up the hill," describe most vividly the terrific struggle. But Kinglake
+tells the story tensely:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"As lightning flashes through a cloud, the Greys and Inniskillings
+pierced through the dark masses of the Russians. The shock was but for a
+moment. There was a clash of steel, and a light play of sword blades in
+the air, and then the Greys and the Red Coats disappeared in the midst
+of the shaken and quivering columns. In another moment we saw them
+marching in diminished numbers, and charging against the second
+line&#8230;. The first line of Russians, which had been utterly smashed
+by our charge, were coming back to swallow up our handful of men. By
+sheer steel and sheer courage, Inniskilliner and Scot were winning their
+desperate way right through the enemies' squadrons."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+When we read to-day that the 5th British Cavalry Brigade, under General
+Chetwode, fought a brilliant action with German cavalry, in the course
+of which the 12th Lancers and Royal Scots Greys routed the enemy,
+spearing large numbers in flight, our thoughts fly back to the old
+days, when the 12th Lancers and the "Second to Nones" anticipated these
+feats of valour.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Ramillies that the Scots Greys galloped straight through a
+difficult morass, with an infantry battle raging round them. On they
+went, till they gained the approach to the heights beyond. Then they
+dashed up the steep acclivity to the heights, and down the other side,
+where they thundered like an avalanche on the enemy's Household
+Brigade. The impact of that sudden crash seemed to shake the
+battlefield. Says one who was there: "The crash of our meeting rose
+above the noise of battle; it was like sudden thunder." The French
+fought with the utmost desperation, but they were matched this time,
+not with nondescript and poorly trained Continental troops, but with
+picked British, and were literally swept away before the Scots Greys.
+Many battalions of infantry under their protection were cut to pieces
+by the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons, the predecessors of
+the 5th (Royal Irish) Lancers. Still the Greys pursued their
+devastating career through Autreglise, and, at a point beyond, overtook
+the French R&#233;giment du Roi, and secured its surrender. All that night,
+like flying demons, they pursued the retreating enemy, and what they
+did is traditionally summed up in the fact that they returned with no
+less than sixteen standards&#8212;truly a noble achievement!
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again, at Malplaquet, the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons came
+up against their old enemies the French Household Brigade. In three
+victorious charges they sustained the honour of their old victories
+over them, routing them utterly. Fate seems specially to have designed
+the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish to combat the French Household
+Brigade in days gone by, for, on many occasions when they have met, the
+pride of the latter has fallen before the valour of the former. Not
+only at Malplaquet, but also at Dettingen, the Greys, having cut their
+way through the French Cuirassiers, launched themselves irresistibly
+upon the French Household Cavalry. On this occasion, they swept them
+from the banks of the river, and wrested from them their crowning
+glory&#8212;their white standard of damask, embroidered with gold and
+silver, bearing in its centre a thunderbolt above their motto "Sensere
+Gigantes." So to-day it may be said that the giants who fell three
+times before the Scots Greys are now in the company of the Brobdignags.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Some other battles in which the Greys multiplied their glories are as
+follow:&#8212;Drouet, Oudenarde, Bethune, St. Venant, Aire, Bouchain,
+Sheriffmuir, and Fontenoy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Apart, and not yet apart, from their glorious traditions of battle, the
+Greys have a peculiar romance centring round one of their number, who
+fought for long years in their midst before it was ultimately
+discovered that their comrade of many fights was a woman. How, why, and
+where Christian Davies (n&#233;e Cavanagh) first entered the army is a
+matter of some doubt, but we first hear of her in the Netherlands as a
+private soldier, whither, as the story goes, she had gone to find her
+husband. Here she lived the life of the ordinary soldier, and
+maintained her disguise through everything, even flirting with the
+Dutch girls to such an extent that she was forced to fight a duel with
+a jealous sergeant, whom she wounded severely. On account of this she
+was obliged to leave the regiment, but immediately joined the Scots
+Greys. While living and fighting with these, she discovered her
+husband, but, being enamoured of the free soldier's life more than of
+him, she bade him wait till the conclusion of the war. Mean while, at
+her desire, he and she passed as brothers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was during the charge of the Scots Greys at Ramillies that Christian
+Davies met with a serious wound at the hands of a French dragoon, and,
+being brought to hospital, she confessed, to the surprise and
+admiration of all, that she was a woman. On her recovery, she still
+accompanied the army, as a vivandi&#232;re, in which capacity she was
+extremely popular. Ultimately, when the terrors of war had made her
+twice a widow, she returned to England, where Queen Anne graciously
+received her in audience, and presented her with a bounty of &#163;50,
+together with a pension of 1s. a day. At her funeral in Chelsea, in
+1739, she was accorded full military honours, and all the Scots Greys,
+at least, know well that three full volleys were fired above her grave.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is worth noting that the Royal Scots Greys, who, in the past, have
+fought fiercely against the Russians, have now as their Colonel-in-Chief
+H.I.M. Nicolas II., Emperor of Russia, K.G.&#8212;no longer an enemy, but a
+friend and an ally.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Thistle within the Circle and
+Motto of the Order of the Thistle. An Eagle.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"1546."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Blenheim, Ramillies,
+Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen, Waterloo, Balaclava, Sevastopol, S.
+Africa 1899-1902, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Scarlet, blue facings, white plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="IV">&nbsp;</a>
+15TH HUSSARS (THE KING'S)
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Elliot's Light Horse.</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p class="ctr">
+"Merebimur."&#8212;<i>Their Motto.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+One of the most thrilling and romantic episodes in cavalry fighting is
+the historic achievement of the 15th Hussars at Emsdorf. It was in
+July, 1760, that Major Erskine halted his troopers near the German
+village of Emsdorf, and bade them pluck the fresh twigs from the
+overhanging oaks, with a word of exhortation to the effect that they
+would acquit themselves with the firmness and stubbornness which have
+always been ascribed to that symbolic tree. Not long after this, the
+15th formed part of the Prince of Brunswick's troops, which had
+surrounded six battalions of French infantry, together with some
+artillery, and a regiment of hussars. The enemy eventually broke
+through, and fled, pursued by the 15th, who were unassisted. So hot was
+the pursuit, and so terrible the punishment inflicted by our hussars,
+that the enemy was forced to surrender no less than 177 officers, 2,482
+men, nine guns, six pairs of colours, and all the rams and baggage.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+All England rang with this achievement of the 15th Light Dragoons, and
+never has a squadron received so whole-hearted a eulogy as that
+contained in the General Order issued by the Prince of Brunswick. For
+many a day "Elliott's Regiment" bore "Emsdorf" on its guidons and
+appointments, while upon their helmets was written, "Five battalions of
+French defeated and taken by this regiment, with their colours, and
+nine pieces of cannon. Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." Now, as the regiment
+has become Hussars, the helmet has given place to the busby with no
+inscription; the guidons have disappeared, but the name "Emsdorf" may
+still be seen on the drum-cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 15th were prominent in all the achievements of our army during the
+next few years of that campaign. Many are the stories of dashing
+assault, grim fighting and heroic rescue, related of them during that
+time. When the Duke of Brunswick was surrounded by French Hussars at
+Friedburg, and it seemed impossible to prevent his capture, the 15th
+Hussars clapped spurs to their horses, and, with a terrific yell, swept
+down upon the French at full gallop. It was a body of determined men
+against overwhelming numbers; for, when they had driven back the
+hussars, they were still involved with the converging squadrons. But,
+with desperate valour they held their own until they had extricated
+their leader, and then they rode back, leaving double their number of
+the enemy dead on the field.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 15th Hussars were in the thick of the fight at Waterloo, and they
+bravely upheld that honour. After suffering great loss in the enemy's
+fire they made a dashing charge through storms of lead from both flanks
+against a superior force of cuirassiers, whom they drove back with
+heavy losses. The Official Record states: "From this period the
+regiment made furious charges &#8230; at one moment it was cutting down the
+musketeers, at the next it was engaged with lancers, and, when these
+were driven back, it encountered cuirassiers." For this glorious
+exploit they paid honourably with three officers, two sergeants, and
+twenty-three privates killed; seven officers, three sergeants and forty
+privates wounded.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 15th Hussars rendered heroic service in the Afghan War of 1878-80,
+when the treacherous Shere Ali was discovered favouring Russian
+intrigue. Many were the brilliant achievements of the 15th during this
+war, from Ali Musjid up to the investment of the Sherpur Cantonments,
+the final relief by Gough's Brigade, and the complete victory at
+Kandahar.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badge.</span>&#8212;The Crest of England within the Garter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Merebimur."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Emsdorf,
+Villers-en-Couch&#233;, Egmont-op-Zee, Sahagun, Vittoria, Peninsula,
+Waterloo, Afghanistan 1878-80.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Blue, scarlet busby-bag and plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="V">&nbsp;</a>
+<span class="sc">18th</span> HUSSARS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+(<span class="sc">Drogheda Light Horse</span>)
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The generic name of the 18th Hussars (Drogheda Light Horse) was
+bestowed specifically upon the corps raised in Ireland in 1759 by the
+Marquis of Drogheda, and numbered as the 19th Light Dragoons. It was
+renumbered as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1763, became a Hussar corps in
+1807, and was disbanded as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1821.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The present 18th Hussars were raised at Leeds in 1858, and inherited
+the honours of the Drogheda Light Horse proper. The silver trumpets
+used by the Drogheda Light Horse, and now in the possession of the 18th
+Hussars, were provided out of the proceeds of the sale of the captured
+horses at the Battle of Waterloo. The motto of the 18th Hussars is "Pro
+Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria Conamur" (We fight for King, Law, and
+Country).
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There is a traditional romance in the annals of the 18th Hussars which
+has its confirmation in modern history. A beautiful Spanish lady,
+finding herself a refugee with Wellington's forces in the Peninsula,
+fell in love with a young English officer named Harry Smith, and
+married him. By statesmanship and prowess in war he rose to be Sir
+Harry Smith, who commanded the forces that defeated the Boers at
+Boomplatz. Subsequently, the town of Ladysmith was so named after his
+wife. In this way the Peninsula is linked with South Africa in the
+annals of the 18th Hussars, not only by equal deeds in each campaign,
+but by a never-to-be-forgotten romance of real life.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BATTLE HONOURS. ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Pro Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria conamur."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Peninsula, Waterloo, S.
+Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Blue, blue bushy-bag, scarlet and
+white plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="VI">&nbsp;</a>
+THE GRENADIER GUARDS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Old Eyes</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"Though old in glory and honour</div>
+<div class="i1">They have yet the vigour of youth."</div></div></div></div>
+<br>
+
+<p>
+High in the estimation of every son and daughter of Britain stands that
+heroic band, the British Grenadiers. Their deeds have brought a fine
+thrill to every heart, and a stirring song to every voice; and, though
+there have been times when a pall of necessary silence, covering a
+"certain liveliness," has been imposed by the fog of a world-war, we
+have felt calmly assured that behind that fog our British Grenadiers
+were doing, or dying, in a way that must awaken the old thrill, and
+inspire a new song.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It has always been one of the greatest aids to success in battle to sum
+up the daring deeds of the past; the successes against fearful odds;
+the forlorn hopes bravely led; the breaches filled with our British
+dead; the stubborn resistance, and sometimes complete annihilation of
+one part for the success of the whole; the lofty sacrifice of the
+foremost, so that the hindmost may turn the tide of battle; and the
+heroic dash to certain death, which has always given birth to victory.
+And this aid of tradition has been accorded by their own deeds, and by
+the nation's appreciation, to none more strongly than to the British
+Grenadiers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Yet it must be remembered that the Grenadier Guards, though they share
+the honour and glory of all Grenadiers, were never really Grenadiers
+proper. They won the name at Waterloo, where they vanquished the French
+Grenadiers. Sharing the name, they share and perpetuate the memory of
+the song, which in the first place referred to the Grenadiers who threw
+the grenades "from the glacis." But, as a good old British song may
+gain in volume as it rolls down the years, there is no reason why the
+well-known air in question should not attach to the Grenadier Guards.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Well does the historian say that "their annals indeed may almost be
+said to be identical with those of the British Army, as in every
+campaign of importance&#8212;every campaign which has had a material bearing
+on the fortunes of the Commonwealth&#8212;their services have been called
+into requisition. They have shared in our greatest battles. Their
+serried ranks stood firm at Fontenoy; turned the tide of battle at
+Quatre Bras; withstood unshaken the assaults of Napoleon's brilliant
+chivalry at Waterloo, and ascended with stately movement the bristling
+heights of the Alma."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Mr. J. J. Hart, who was with the Grenadiers in the Boer War, gives a
+graphic description of the battle near Senekal:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"With the advent of quick-firing guns," says he, "the ancient
+magnificence of armies in battle array has disappeared for ever&#8230;.
+There is no shining armour; there are no waving plumes; and the blare of
+the trumpet is unheard. Watch those grey-clad figures as they silently
+scatter over the plain. They are the colour of the withered grass of the
+veldt. No two will walk together lest they should be a more conspicuous
+mark for those deadly guns. See them as they walk with bent heads. You
+might compare them to poachers or partridge-shooters travelling over a
+moor, only their advance is more cautious&#8230;.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"It was noon, and my battalion had halted on the plain. Far away for
+miles on our right the battle was raging, and, we with our grand
+fighting history, were left to act the inglorious part of lying on the
+grass waiting to cut off a possible retreat of the enemy. (Col.) Bunker
+stamped and swore and chewed his moustache&#8230;. Confusion to the
+General who crushed the flower of the British infantry so; but it was
+orders, and soldiers must obey. The Boers, however, were more generous
+to us than the General, and, in the working out of a little plan of
+their own, they were destined to cover us with wounds if not with glory.
+While we were lying musing on our fate, and thinking if the news of our
+being left out of the action should ever reach London, what we might
+expect at the hands of our enemies the cabdrivers, a force of Boers, of
+whose presence on a hill about half a mile in front we were blissfully
+ignorant, were preparing to open fire on us. They began proceedings by
+killing Bunker's horse with a percussion shell, which dropped right
+under him, and blew the animal to bits. Our artillery soon limbered up
+and replied to the shot, keeping up a continuous fire for about an hour,
+when, as they were unable to silence the gun, we advanced to take it by
+assault. We moved towards the hill in short rushes, lying down every
+fifty yards to fire a volley. The Boer shells which exploded between our
+extended line did little damage, and it looked as if we were going to
+make an easy capture of the gun. If there were any rifles on the hill
+they were certainly very careful about reserving their fire. We had got
+within 500 yards of the base of the hill, and had risen to make another
+rush when the rattling noise of a thousand rifle bolts together came to
+our ears. The whole of the front rank went down at the first volley;
+evidently the marksmen on the hill had taken very careful aim; then
+there followed a veritable hailstorm of lead, in the face of which no
+man could advance and live. We remained lying down and firing in the
+same position for about five hours.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The shadows of night were falling, and still the firing was kept up
+without intermission; when a new danger was observed to threaten us. A
+shell had ignited the long grass in our rear and a light breeze which
+was blowing soon turned the spark into a conflagration. The Boers,
+observing this, extended their flanks on our right and left, thus
+completely cutting off our retreat. Then followed a scene of tumult
+which is hard to describe. Wounded men who were unable to move &#8230;
+gazed with wild staring eyes at the flames, which, slowly but surely,
+crept towards them. Our left wing made one desperate rush to charge the
+Boers, but had to fall before the leaden hail. When the flames drew near
+many of our men made heroic efforts to remove our wounded through the
+blinding smoke and flame&#8230;. Others pulled their helmets over their
+faces and rushed through the fire. In all this confusion I noticed one
+man who showed rare presence of mind. He was badly wounded, and, being
+unable to get out of reach of the flames, he took some matches from his
+pocket and burnt the grass near him. He then crawled on to the black
+ground, and thus secured for himself a comparatively safe position when
+the fire approached him. The flames were now upon us, and fighting had
+ceased. Two men picked me up where I lay wounded, and, rushing with me
+through the flames, threw me down on the other side, and ran&#8230;. The
+fire burned itself out at the foot of the hill, and then all was
+darkness till the moon, shining out, showed us the blackened bodies of
+the dead, and men writhing in pain on the burned earth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Now the Boers came amongst us, and, passing from one wounded man to
+another, gave us water from their bottles. Then we heard a crackling of
+whips and a rumbling of wheels. The Boers left us, and we knew the
+ambulance wagons were coming."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR COLOURS, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">The King's Colours.</span>&#8212;1st Battn., Gules
+(crimson): in the centre the Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired
+proper. 2nd Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre the Royal Cypher
+reversed and interlaced or, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a
+grenade fired proper, in the dexter canton the Union. 3rd Battn.: as for
+2nd Battn., and for distinction, issuing from the Union in bend dexter,
+a pile wavy or.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Regimental Colours.</span>&#8212;The Union: in the
+centre a company badge ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a
+grenade fired proper. The thirty company badges are borne in rotation,
+three at a time, one on the regimental colour of each of the Battns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Blenheim, Ramillies,
+Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen, Lincelles, Corunna, Barrosa,
+Peninsula, Waterloo, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, Egypt 1882,
+Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1885, Khartoum, S. Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Scarlet, blue facings.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="VII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Nulli Secondus Club</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Sire! this regiment refuses to be known as second to any in the
+British Army."&#8212;<i>Monk</i> (<i>to Charles II.</i>)
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+History tells again how, in 1661, Charles, distrusting the soldiers in
+his service, called the 1st Foot Guards back to England. Following upon
+this, he speedily dismissed his Commonwealth soldiers, and, of all the
+Puritan regiments, he retained but one&#8212;the Coldstream Guards. This was
+the regiment which Monk had marched from Coldstream to the King's aid;
+hence their retention. An interesting story is related about them. It
+is said that when they were ordered to lay down their arms in
+repudiation of the Commonwealth, and commanded to resume them again, as
+the 2nd Foot Guards, they stood obstinately defiant, on the verge of
+mutiny. King Charles was dumbfounded, but Monk was equal to the
+situation. "Sire," he said, "this regiment refuses to be known as
+second to any in the British Army." On this, Charles, who was quick to
+the occasion with unworded gratitude for their timely help in a
+critical situation, cried: "Coldstream Guards, take up your arms!" and
+from that time forward they have been the Coldstream Guards.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Who can ever forget the glorious achievement of the Coldstream Guards
+at St. Amand in 1793? As soon as the Brigade of Guards gained contact
+with our then Allies-the Prussians and the Austrians&#8212;General
+Knobelsdorf, of the Prussian Army, welcomed them with, "I have reserved
+for the Coldstream Guards the honour, the especial glory, of dislodging
+the French from their entrenchments. As British troops you have only to
+show yourselves, and the enemy will retire."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Coldstreamers rather wondered at his flowery flattery. They did
+not know, and he omitted to tell them, that the honour he had
+reserved for them was one which had been offered three times to
+5,000 Austrians and three times missed by them, with a loss of 1,700
+men. The Coldstreamers, therefore, prepared for the battle in complete
+ignorance of the fact that they were expected to do, with 600 rank and
+file, what 5,000 Austrians had failed to accomplish in three attempts.
+Not that it would have made much difference, for the British soldier
+can always count on doing the impossible about fifty times in a
+century.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Coldstreamers, ready and eager, moved to the attack, and the
+Prussian General moved with them as far as safety would permit; then,
+desirous apparently that they should achieve this "especial glory"
+without any interference from him, he waved them on with his sword and
+magnanimously galloped away.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hell opened then on the Coldstream Guards. The wood before them spurted
+flame. Batteries from right and left lumbered up, and, under cover of
+the undergrowth, tore lanes through them at close range. Never, up to
+that time, in the history of battles, had there been such quick and
+fearful slaughter of our troops. In a few minutes two of the companies
+were reduced by one-half. Ensign Howard went down with the colours, and
+on every hand rank and file were blown to pieces. Sergeant-Major
+Darling, one of the many heroes of that awful fight, had one arm
+shattered by a cannon ball, but he fought on with the other with such
+tenacity that his deeds were afterwards described as "prodigies of
+valour." A French officer, seeing so many men go down before him,
+pressed forward and engaged him in a fierce combat. But Darling laid
+him low and continued his terrible work until another ball carried away
+one of his legs. Thus, bereft of a leg and an arm, he was taken
+prisoner. General Knobelsdorf, the Prussian, lived through that day,
+but many, too many, of the Coldstreamers went to their last account,
+fighting gloriously. You may, under some conditions, beat a
+Coldstreamer, but you will never, never convince him that you have done
+so.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Inkerman the Coldstream Guards, a few hundred strong, actually stood
+up to 4,000 Russians for a time, during which there was the bloodiest
+struggle ever witnessed. The fight was round the Sandbag Battery, where
+700 British had held their own until reinforced by the Guards, and it
+was of such a nature that each guard must needs be a small battalion on
+his own account to do any good at all. Back to back the Coldstreamers
+fought till their ammunition was exhausted. Then they took their
+muskets and clubbed the pressing hosts in such fashion that they made
+space enough to form into line. Thus, with levelled steel, they
+charged. The enemy was thrown into utter confusion by their terrific
+onslaught, and, taking advantage of this, the Coldstreamers regained
+their own lines, having inflicted tremendous loss.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And the Russian in Germany to-day knows all about it. He has not
+forgotten the Coldstreamer of former days, any more than the
+Coldstreamer has forgotten the glorious deeds of the Russian; and, no
+doubt, if they could sit by the same camp-fire, many such a battle
+story would be told, through the interpreter, of those good old days
+"when we flew at each other's throats."
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR COLOURS.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">The King's Colours.</span>&#8212;1st Battn., Gules
+(crimson): in the centre the Star of the Order of the Garter proper,
+ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base the Sphinx superscribed Egypt.
+2nd Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre a star of eight points argent
+within the garter, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base the Sphinx
+superscribed Egypt, in the "dexter" canton the Union. 3rd Battn., as for
+the 1st Battn., and for difference in the dexter canton, the Union and
+issuing therefrom in bend dexter a pile wavy or.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="VIII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE ROYAL SCOTS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Pontius Pilate's Body Guard</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"A volley, my lads, and then the steel!"&#8212;<i>Their Captain at
+Wepener.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Scots (1st Foot, or Lothian Regiment) are old in story.
+Several hundreds of years before the battle of Blenheim, which is among
+the first of their honours, the Royal Scots had traced their earlier
+glories on the roll of fame. Few European battlefields could disclaim
+acquaintance with them, and there are few on which they have not been
+responsible for terrific slaughter, and a large share in the crux of
+victory. Their ancestors far back fought under Gustavus Adolphus: their
+lineal descendents fight now under King George; and the bridge between
+that time and this has been held by them heroically.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is interesting to trace their battles from the first. Long, long
+ago, fighting for Sweden, they captured and defended Rugenwald in
+Pomerania. Being wrecked on a hostile coast, with Adolphus eighty miles
+away, these Scots were led by Munro, with what might seem to us an
+absurd hope of victory. All day they waited in the caves by the sea
+shore, starving, wet, and cold&#8212;waited for the night, so that, under
+the cover of darkness, they might bring their desperate plan to
+fruition. Darkness fell; the moon rose, and these hungry Scots went
+forth to the attack. In one stroke they captured Rugenwald, and held it
+against repeated attempts on the part of the enemy to retake it. For
+nine weeks they gripped this place, and held on tooth and nail till
+Hepburn's men, fighting mile after mile to their relief, came up.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hepburn's men! They were Scots, every one of them. Men who, led by
+Hepburn himself, captured Frankfort on the Oder. He took them to the
+attack waist deep through the mud and water of the moat. At the great
+battle of Leipzig, "the battle of the Nations," Gustavus held these men
+in reserve. Then, when the issue was in danger, he flung them forward.
+The musketry fire galled them severely, but through it all the pikemen
+went cheering on, and put the enemy to an inglorious rout.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Later, in 1632, Hepburn, who was somewhat a soldier of fortune, found
+himself on his way to aid the King of France. In 1634 he led his
+regiments against the Austrians and Spaniards. Here he was joined by
+Scots from France, and Scots from Sweden. Other Scots came up from the
+four quarters of the compass, as if by a gathering of the clans, and
+three years later there were 8,000 of them serving under the King of
+France. Those 8,000 are the martial sires of the present Royal Scots.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As to the heroic achievements of the Royal Scots, we may instance the
+battle of Wynendale. General Webb (Thackeray's favourite General of
+"Colonel Esmond") won that battle with an army of 8,000 men against
+22,000 Frenchmen. It was his work to take supplies from Ostend to
+Marlborough's army in the field. Near the wood of Wynendale he detected
+the preponderating force of the enemy intent on intercepting his
+mission, but, in order to do this, they must traverse the wood. The
+odds were nearly three to one against Webb, but, relying on his men as
+much as on his own generalship, he decided to put up a fight of fights.
+The way of the enemy's approach was a great glade through the wood, and
+to right and left of this he placed detachments of his troops while he
+stationed the main body of his army at the point where they must
+debouch. Then he waited. That long wait for the oncoming host has been
+much described: how for a time they gazed up the long avenue through
+which the foe must come; how every man felt that tense expectancy,
+which lends to the simple sounds of nature a meaning of their own, and
+how 8,000 staunch hearts went back to the old folks at home with
+tenderness, and possible regret, before the descent of an avalanche
+which threatened to bereave their hearths.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But at length the enemy teemed in at the further end of the glade. On
+they came, warily scanning the wood, but it was not till the Royal
+Scots poured a volley into them that the enemy actually realized what
+was happening. When the smoke cleared away, confusion reigned in their
+ranks; they rallied, and came on with greater determination, but again
+they were hurled into disorder and death by the British fire. Yet a
+third time they attempted it, and with all the bravery of the French,
+but a third time they met with that penetrating fire that none but the
+British, with their ugly bulldog pertinacity, can stand. They failed to
+forge their way through the storm of lead, and at last retired in
+confusion, leaving one third their number of British as victors of the
+field.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Scots have more than once been helped out of a difficulty by
+other regiments. For instance, at Schellenberg in 1714, the ultimate
+victory, after three daring attempts on the part of the Royal Scots,
+who fought their way up against a heavy fire from the heights above,
+was made sure by the Scots Greys, who dismounted and rushed to their
+assistance. This engagement cost the French a valuable position, and 16
+guns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This help in the time of extreme peril was balanced by the Royal Scots
+at the battle of Lundy's Lane, where they arrived in the nick of time
+to make up 2,800 British against 5,000 Americans. After a hard fight
+the enemy was driven back, but they opened again with a devastating
+fire of musketry and artillery, following it up with a most determined
+charge. So desperate was their onslaught that the British guns were
+captured, and immediately following on this, the Royal Scots performed
+a deed which is underlined in history. They recaptured those guns, and
+left the enemy bewildered. This was the closest fight imaginable. In
+the thick of it, the opposing cannon almost spoke into each others'
+mouths. So close they were, that neither side could say, "This is my
+gun." In point of fact, in the heat of the moment a British limber
+carried off an American gun, and an American a British gun. On that
+field the contact between British and American was extremely close. In
+these days it is just as close, but not exactly in the same fierce
+spirit.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One of the foremost of the exploits of the Royal Scots was the defence
+of Tangier against the Moors in 1678. In Port Henrietta some 160 of the
+Royal Scots had been isolated. In order to facilitate their escape
+their comrades in the town created a diversion by leading a general
+attack. In the midst of this the Scots got as far as the first trench
+surrounding the fort, but, at the outer one, which was 12 feet deep,
+they came into close grips with the enemy. There it was sheer
+knife-fighting, and many Royal Scots went to the bottom of the pit. One
+hundred and twenty of them filled it full, and over that bridge of
+silence forty survivors hewed their way through.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The last charge at Wepener is described in the History of the Boer War
+as follows "The Royal Scots saw the Boers rushing and their warrior
+hearts beat quick with joy. Shortly, like a man in a dream, their
+Captain gave the word, 'Fix bayonets!' It was done in a trice. 'Ready!'
+The men loaded their rifles. 'A volley, my lads, and then the steel!
+Altogether&#8212;' The whistle blows, the flame flies along the parapet.
+Then, over the stone wall, sprang the Royal Scots. Once they shouted,
+once only. Then the slaying began&#8230;. Fifty thousand savage throats
+swelled the battle chorus. Ever since the siege began the black
+warriors had been gathered in their thousands on the heights, watching
+with fascinated interest the struggle of the white men. Like the
+spectators of a medieval tournament they had applauded the gallant
+deeds of the combatants, and, as they saw the British soldiers holding
+out day after day, night after night, against the assault of numerous
+odds, they came to have a profound trust and confidence in the 'big
+heart' of the Queen's soldiers. When, therefore, they saw the Royal
+Scots launch themselves like a living bolt at five times their number,
+they held their breath for a time, wondering what the end might be. But
+when they saw the bloody bayonets of the 1st Foot scatter and utterly
+destroy the hated Dutchman they opened their throats and yelled their
+applause across the river."
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Royal Cypher within the Collar
+of the Order of the Thistle with the Badge appendant. In each of the
+four corners the Thistle within the Circle and motto of the Order,
+ensigned with the Imperial Crown.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed
+Egypt. Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Louisburg, St. Lucia,
+Egmont-op-Zee, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, St. Sebastian,
+Nive, Peninsula, Niagara, Waterloo, Nagpore, Maheidpore, Ava, Alma,
+Inkerman, Sevastopol, Taku Forts, Pekin, S. Africa 1889-1902.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with blue facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[This distinguished corps is the oldest regiment in the Army, hence its
+nickname of Pontius Pilate's Body Guard. There is a tradition that it
+represents the body of Scottish Archers who for centuries formed the
+guard of the French kings. It fought under Gustavus Adolphus, King of
+Sweden, in the Seven Years' War, and was incorporated in the British
+Army in 1633. Since that date it has seen service in every part of the
+globe.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="IX">&nbsp;</a>
+THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Shiners</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The "Fighting Fifth" (Northumberland Fusiliers) have a peculiar paradox
+in their history. They were first raised in 1674 by Prince William of
+Orange, the Dutchman, and, in the last Boer War, they were fighting
+against the Dutch themselves. But even stranger things than that have
+come to pass in these later days when we have good cause to call our
+old allies our enemies, and our old enemies our allies.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The "Fighting Fifth" derived their regimental name, the Northumberland
+Fusiliers, from Hugh, Earl Percy, afterwards Duke of Northumberland,
+who commanded the regiment during the American War of Independence. For
+their fighting in the seventeenth century Prince William assembled them
+before the whole army, and publicly rewarded them for their services.
+It must be remembered that there were still services to come, for, when
+the Prince returned to England, fourteen years later, to deprive his
+father-in-law of his throne, the "Fighting Fifth" had not forgotten his
+kind offices. On this occasion they were regarded by the English with
+pride and admiration. "Even the peasants," says Macaulay, "whispered to
+one another as they marched by: 'There be our own lads; there be the
+brave fellows who hurled back the French on the field of Seneffe!'"
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The "Fighting Fifth" gained many laurels in Portugal and Spain, where,
+on more than one occasion, they drove the enemy before them in utter
+confusion. It is in this war that their fighting traditions are chiefly
+founded.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Ciudad Rodrigo it was the "Fighting Fifth" who stormed the approach.
+Afterwards they fought their way with fusil and steel through
+Salamanca, Nivelle, Vittoria, Orthes, and Toulouse, right up to Paris.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One of their greatest achievements was the successful defence of
+Gibraltar, when the Spaniards made their first attempt to recover it.
+Since that time there is scarce a page of fighting history up to the
+time of the Napoleonic Wars that contains no deed of this bull-dog
+regiment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Their nickname is almost as old as their regiment. It was at the siege
+of Maestricht in 1676, when the regiment was only two years old, that a
+section of these men, only 200 strong, assaulted the Dauphin
+bastion&#8212;an affair out of which, after the most sanguinary combat, no
+more than fifty emerged. Yet maddened, rather than daunted, these
+fifty, with some few reinforcements, made a further attack on the
+bastion; and this time they took it, but only to meet with disaster.
+The place was mined, and a terrible explosion killed a large number,
+and covered others in wreckage. Many, however, emerged, and these
+proceeded to hold the position.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The tale of how they entered Badajoz stirs the blood. The 2nd Battalion
+led the storming party. Their way led over a narrow bridge. Here, under
+a terrible fire, the foremost fell in heaps; but their comrades pressed
+forward over their prostrate bodies, and planted ladders against the
+beetling walls of the castle. For a time the "Fighting Fifth" suffered
+heavily. Again and again the desperate attackers reached the summit of
+the walls, only to be hurled back by the enemy. Here they swarmed up
+like bees, to be swept down again by a raking fire; there, another
+ladder broken, another overturned, with men everywhere falling and
+climbing, climbing and falling. The chance of scaling those walls
+seemed hopeless, and at length the Fifth paused, and looked at one
+another. Then, at that psychological moment, the cheering of the enemy
+above broke the spell. Their cheers were answered by a fierce shout
+from our men, who rushed to the attack with a never-give-in
+determination that finally gained the ramparts, and drove the garrison
+out of the castle, out of the town, and into the distance, not without
+great slaughter. It was at Badajoz that the Fifth lost their brave
+colonel, who struck in at that psychological moment, and led the final
+victorious onslaught. He fell, shot through the heart, at the very
+moment that victory was assured. "None that night," says Napier, "died
+with more glory; yet many died, and there was much glory." The taking
+of Badajoz was indeed a piece of work which required all the dogged
+tenacity of purpose to be found in such fearless heroes as the
+"Fighting Fifth."
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;St. George and the Dragon. In each
+of the four corners the united Red and White Rose slipped, ensigned with
+the Royal Crest.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Quo fata vocant."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Wilhelmsthal, Roleia,
+Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco, Cuidad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria,
+Nivelle, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Lucknow, Afghanistan 1878-80,
+Khartoum, S. Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with gosling-green facings.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="X">&nbsp;</a>
+THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Leather Hats</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The Liverpool Regiment, like the 5th Dragoon Guards, was raised to help
+James, and, like them, it sided with the right against him. When James
+tried to place Roman Catholic officers over English regiments, with the
+help of the Liverpool Regiment, the colonel and five officers strongly
+objected. James sent his son, Fitzjames, Duke of Berwick, to
+Portsmouth, to correct them; but on this, and the issue of it, the
+country rose, saying unanimously that James was wrong, and the "six
+Portsmouth captains" were right. James had to flee from a country which
+entertained ideas so strange to his way of thinking. In memory of this
+protest against oppression, the portraits of those "six Portsmouth
+captains" are preserved to this day by the regiment. Once having
+definitely seceded, the Liverpool Regiment went further in the defence
+of liberty, and fought fiercely at the Boyne.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But it was in the Netherlands that the "Leather Hats" performed their
+first great feat of valour. Lord Cutts, whom they dubbed "The
+Salamander"&#8212;because, where the fire was hottest, there was Cutts to be
+found&#8212;ordered them, against all sane strategy, to storm the fortress
+of Venloo. Everyone said it was impossible to take it, but the
+Liverpool Regiment, who were actually facing the matter, got a
+different view into their heads. They said nothing, but obeyed
+commands&#8212;and took it. "Over bastion, fausse, bray and raveline," says
+a graphic chronicler, "over trench, glacis and escarpment, Cutts led
+his dare-devils; the ditches were heaped with the dead, till the living
+walked over them, and&#8212;the enemy ran upon the farther side." It was a
+magnificent feat of arms, and a fitting preface to Blenheim, Dettingen,
+Lucknow, and their glorious deeds at the front to-day.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badge.</span>&#8212;The White Horse within the Garter.
+In each of the four corners the Royal Cypher.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Nec aspera terrent."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed
+Egypt. Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen,
+Martinique, Niagara, Delhi, Lucknow, Peiwar Kotal, Afghanistan 1878-80,
+Burma 1885-87, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with blue facings.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XI">&nbsp;</a>
+THE NORFOLKS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Holy Boys</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Our country will, I believe, sooner forgive an officer for
+attacking his enemy, than for omitting to do it&#8230;.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"A Norfolk man is as good as two others."&#8212;<i>Nelson.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Of the Norfolk Regiment, then known as the 9th (East Norfolk) Regiment,
+Napier said, with a happy mixture of blame and praise: "They were
+guilty of a fierce neglect of orders in taking a path leading
+immediately to the enemy." Indeed, that is exactly what they did at the
+battle of Roli&#231;a on the 17th August, 1808. Their intrepidity and fine
+carelessness in regard to their lives were on that day the subject of
+unstinted praise on the part of the whole French army, who, in those
+times it must be remembered, were our enemies. A brief description of
+the battle will show the stern stuff that the Norfolks are made of.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The enemy, under Laborde, held a very strong position, and it was
+Wellington's object to drive them from it at the earliest opportunity.
+The Norfolks, under Brigadier Nightingale, came up with Wellington's
+army from Obidos, three columns strong. The 9th occupied the position
+in the centre, which fronted the enemy in possession of a natural
+fortress of gigantic crags, looming steep and forbidding against the
+sky. The only way of ascent was by means of some zigzag tracks, which,
+at many points, were open to the enemy's fire.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Under these conditions, it would have been possible for our men to
+proceed by halt and rush, with a slow but sure caution; but the
+Norfolks, flinging all caution to the winds, hurled themselves forward
+to get at the enemy as quickly as possible. They swarmed up the
+heights, giving the foe a hot example of their musketry fire as they
+swung forward. It is said that their exploit was in full view of both
+armies as the smoke of their firing marked their passage from crag to
+crag. The rapidity of their advance was so great that the other
+regiments of the central column were left far behind. Laborde, taking
+advantage of their prominent position, proceeded to throw the greater
+part of his army against them, thinking to wipe them out before they
+could receive support. This was partially successful, for the enemy's
+fierce onslaught bore the 2nd battalion back. Fiercely; the Norfolks
+contested every inch of the way, and it was a wonder of wonders that
+they lost so little ground against overwhelming odds before the 1st
+battalion came to their assistance. Then, with scarce a breathing
+space, they re-formed their ranks, and, with a hearty British cheer,
+swept forward and upward again.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+That heroic and dashing encounter, in which the battle was to the
+swift&#8212;for it will be remembered that they had outstripped the rest of
+the army&#8212;is one that can never be forgotten in the annals of our
+history. Slowly, point by point, they gained the advantage, and finally
+drove the enemy from the summit. But, having taken the position, they
+had to hold it again and again against the furious efforts of the enemy
+to dislodge them. The reckless dash of their ascent could only be
+equalled by the stubborn resistance with which they held on, and, time
+after time, Laborde's battalions were driven back. Finally, the
+Northumberland Fusiliers came to their assistance, and the enemy was
+forced to retire. This was a victory set upon a hill, and, in the same
+spirit in which it was witnessed that day by thousands of opposing
+forces, so it is for ever pictured in our minds. With the battle of
+Roli&#231;a in their traditions, the Norfolk Regiment, as we write, are no
+doubt adding to the list of their brilliant achievements.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In this battle a memorable act of heroism glorifies a page of
+history&#8212;a page written in the Norfolk blood of Sergeant-Major
+Richards. At the time when our skirmishers advanced rapidly, and the
+echo of their quick musketry fire hung reverberating in the ravine and
+hollow as they ran from cover to cover, two companies crept up two
+separate passes among the rocks and debouched upon the summit of the
+ridge. The foremost of the 9th, on emerging two or three at a time from
+their narrow passage, were ambushed by the enemy. Blake, their brave
+Colonel, was killed, and many of his men fell around him. When the
+ambuscade rushed forth to grips, Sergeant-Major Richards, though
+riddled with lead, and bleeding from a dozen bayonet wounds, stood over
+his beloved commander and fought to the death. This brave fellow, than
+whom there was never a braver, said, as he was dying, "I should not
+have cared so much if only our Colonel had been spared." In those few
+words, at such a moment, breathed the true spirit of the Norfolks, and
+that glorious simplicity of thought and singleness of eye&#8212;fine, grand,
+unconsciously sublime&#8212;runs through every line of our great Book of
+Battles. We are not glad that our enemy of to-day has not written such
+a book, nor do we trouble to wish he had: the fact is fixed that he has
+not. Indeed, he had never the material for such a book, for it is
+obvious that the same barbarous hand that struck out an innocent
+Louvain could not insert such an anachronism as the heroic death and
+noble sentiment of a Sergeant-Major Richards of the Norfolks.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But Roli&#231;a, although the most prominent of their honours, is only one
+among many that have been set to their credit. They have more than once
+been in a position of extreme peril. When Ruffin's brigade at Barrosa
+realised that the Norfolks were cut off through an error on the part of
+our Spanish Allies, they turned the whole fury of their overwhelming
+odds upon that single regiment. Then it was a case of fighting, and
+dying, back to back. All fought like heroes, and, like heroes, most of
+them died. It was only when Brigadier Dilkes came to their assistance
+that the few survivors were extricated from their hazardous position.
+Needless to say, the handful that remained joined at once with Dilkes'
+column, and assaulted the enemy's heights. A grim battle ensued, and at
+length a brilliant victory was gained.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the history of the Norfolks is written one of the saddest incidents
+in the annals of our arms. It was they who, at Corunna, at dead of
+night, buried Sir John Moore, under the shadow of disaster&#8212;a sorrowful
+ending to an adverse passage which, although it concealed a marvellous
+achievement, few of us care to linger upon in days when victory is
+before us, and all thoughts of defeat forgotten.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Fuentes d'Onoro, a description of which battle will be found in
+another chapter, the Norfolks, in company with many other regiments of
+our present expeditionary force, fought with all their customary vim;
+and at Salamanca their assault on the enemy was as if they had been let
+go from a catapult. At a time when they were fully 500 yards in front
+of our main body of troops, Wellington saw the chance of making use of
+them to capture a particular post held by the enemy. He sent his
+aide-de-camp scouring up to them with the hurried message: "Ninth! you
+are the only regiment ready; advance!" They required no further
+indication to grasp what was to be done; in fact, they would probably
+have done it in the natural course of events, without the order; they
+charged on, and at the point of the irresistible bayonet the post was
+taken.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Many a forlorn hope has been led by the Norfolks. One that remains
+indelibly stamped on our memory is that at San Sebastian, headed by a
+Scots lad, named Campbell. This poor fellow was terribly wounded in the
+first onslaught, receiving a bayonet thrust, and a heavy sabre gash.
+The young hero was not to die of his wounds however. Very much on the
+contrary, he lived to become Sir Colin Campbell, Commander-in-Chief in
+India; and, for his splendid services in suppressing the Indian Mutiny
+was created Baron Clyde.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Having come through many terrible fights with honour and glory, and
+without a stain, it is naturally the great regret of this famous
+regiment that they were not at present at Waterloo. But, though absent
+from our greatest field of victory, they were doing good work at the
+time in Canada. Yet it has come to their share in these days to reap
+honours in fields not far from Waterloo, and we live to learn that, in
+the deeds of to-day, and to-morrow, a Norfolk man is indeed as good as
+at least two Germans.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badge.</span>&#8212;The figure of Britannia.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Roli&#231;a, Vimiera,
+Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, St. Sebastian, Nive, Peninsula,
+Cabool 1842, Moodkee, Ferozeshah, Sobraon, Sevastopol, Kabul 1879,
+Afghanistan 1870-80, S. Africa 1900-02, Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with yellow facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[Raised in 1685. Received the title "East Norfolk Regiment" in 1782, and
+became the Norfolk Regiment in 1881. The badge of the figure of
+Britannia was bestowed on the regiment in recognition of its gallantry
+at the battle of Almanza (1707). This regiment was the last of the
+British forces to embark at Corunna (1809), and was entrusted with the
+burial of Sir John Moore, in memory of which event the officers of the
+regiment wear a black line in their lace.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE BLACK WATCH (ROYAL HIGHLANDERS)
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Heroes of Perthshire</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"We are but few, but of the right sort."&#8212;<i>Nelson.</i>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Highlanders, remember Egypt!"&#8212;<i>Sir John Moore at Corunna.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+These men need a book to themselves. It is impossible here to give more
+than a short account of one or two of their most brilliant fights, but,
+as from the peck you may judge of the barrel, so one will find the
+invincible temper of the Black Watch in every line and every word.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Fontenoy that the Black Watch first met a foreign foe, and
+their dealings with that foe were an emphatic earnest of their future
+honours. The fortune of war was not on their side; they were forced to
+retreat, covering it in such perfect order that Lord Crawford waved his
+hat to them, with the well-remembered approval that they had achieved
+as great honour as if they had gained an actual victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Black Watch have acquired great reputation in America. They
+distinguished themselves notably at Bushey Run, and it was in the War
+of Independence that they contributed their severest and most difficult
+work. A chronicler of the doings of this regiment writes on this
+passage in their history: "In every field the Black Watch maintained
+their hardly earned reputation," and many are the recorded deeds of
+individual courage and readiness. Here is one instance by the same
+chronicler:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"In a skirmish with the Americans in 1776, Major Murray, of the 42nd,
+being separated from his men, was attacked by three of the enemy. His
+dirk slipped behind his back, and, being a big stout man, he could not
+reach it, but defended himself as well as he could with his fusil, and,
+watching his opportunity, seized the sword of one of his assailants, and
+put the three to flight."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+The battle of Alexandria was perhaps one of the most brilliant in the
+whole career of the Black Watch. At a time when the two wings of their
+regiment stood some 200 yards apart, the Invincibles of France, valiant
+fighters, forced their way between, with one six-pounder. As soon as
+the Highlanders found that they had been, in a sense, caught napping, a
+roar of wrath rose from their ranks, and swiftly their right wing swung
+down on the interloping French, broke their ranks and captured their
+gun. The left wing, facing the other way, wheeled swiftly, and fell
+like mountain cats on the French rear. The enemy, who had thought to
+split the 42nd to some purpose, were thus themselves caught in a death
+trap. The Invincibles rushed helter-skelter for cover in the ruins near
+by, and after them, terrible in pursuit, went the Black Watch. The
+plaided ranks drew together, and charged again and again with fixed
+bayonets, while the pursued fled before those gleaming points until
+they were brought to bay in a position where they were forced to turn
+and fight. It was a brave and memorable fight then on both sides. The
+courage of despair was on the enemy's side, and the cool, relentless
+courage of the Caledonians was on ours. But in the end the enemy,
+having lost 700 of their men, were forced to yield.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This temporary victory, however, afforded no respite for the Black
+Watch. Hot upon the action came a strong column of French infantry
+swiftly advancing, and it was a matter of the utmost importance that
+they should be attacked at once. The Black Watch, dishevelled as they
+were, their great chests still heaving with their exertions, were flung
+forward by Sir Ralph Abercromby, who, in the urgency of the critical
+moment, himself hallooed them on.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was a quick passage. After a clashing impact, the Black Watch broke
+the French column and scattered it in flight. Seeing the Highlanders
+eagerly pursuing, and in danger of being cut off by three squadrons of
+cavalry, General Moore ordered the pursuers to retire. It appears that,
+in the crash and roar of the battle, this order was lost upon the
+foremost pursuers, who were dealing death right and left, and they were
+not aware of what threatened until the French cavalry was thundering
+down upon them. It was so sudden that the Highlanders had barely time
+to retrieve their scattered state, and rally back to back. Thus,
+raising their fierce northern battle-cry, they fought against fearful
+odds, a small body of men surrounded on every hand. But even from this
+they emerged victorious, routing the very flower of the French cavalry.
+So it was that in one day this regiment won three brilliant victories,
+each one of which had seemed at first almost a forlorn hope.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It must be remembered that the Royal Highlander has always been a
+perfect swordsman, terrible with his rifle, and deadly with his pistol.
+His strength is renowned in history. There have been men among them who
+have claimed no great superiority over their fellows from the fact of
+being able to twist a horseshoe, or drive a skeandhu up to the hilt in
+a pine log. Fatigue, hunger, thirst, the extremes of heat and cold&#8212;all
+these are with those men the mere commonplace foes of a Spartan
+existence&#8212;foes which have always found and left them silent, patiently
+contemptuous, where foes of flesh and blood would at once arouse them
+to anger of the grimmest kind.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perhaps no part of the world has seen the Black Watch in as true a
+light as the Peninsula. From all quarters of it their honours are
+drawn. They were with Moore at Corunna on that memorable occasion, when
+on a sudden he cried out to them: "Highlanders, remember Egypt!"
+</p>
+
+<p>
+With reference to this speech, and the moment it was delivered,
+tradition has clothed it with romance. At many a Highland fireside,
+when the eerie spirit sits in the glen and whispers round the lonely
+sheilings, it has been said by aged warriors, who had lived on in peace
+perhaps into the sixties, that, at those words, the men around him, who
+loved him best, saw, with the uncanny second sight of their race, a
+misty shimmering shroud enclosing their commander's form, portentous of
+his coming death.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The words "Highlanders, remember Egypt!" referred to the occasion when,
+at Alexandria, Sir Ralph Abercromby being taken prisoner, and his
+captor being shot by a Royal Highlander, the regiment, though broken,
+continued to fight individually. It is no wonder that Sir John Moore,
+who had marvelled at their prowess, should exhort them, eight years
+later, at Corunna, to remember Egypt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Toulouse, Pack, as he galloped swiftly up with General Clinton's
+orders, drew rein in silence before the Black Watch. Then he spoke
+calmly, but with elation: "General Clinton has been pleased to grant my
+request that the 42nd shall have the honour of leading the attack. The
+42nd will advance!" There were 500 who went in, and there were about
+ninety who came out alive. One can imagine then their terrible passage
+up to the fatal redoubt, and all the more clearly may be pictured the
+determination of it from the fact that, when they reached it, the enemy
+had fled.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When they were before the heights of Alma, Sir Colin Campbell turned to
+them, and cried: "Men, the army is watching us. Make me proud of my
+Highland brigade!" From the future, near and far, the whole wide world
+watches them, and a great Empire has been made proud of them. Kinglake
+tells this part of the story with a fine touch. "Smoothly, easily, and
+swiftly," he says, "the Black Watch seemed to glide up the hill. A few
+instants before, and their tartans ranged dark in the valley; now their
+plumes waved on the crest." The enemy did not stay for the coming
+onslaught, for, as many said afterwards, they "did not like those men
+in the petticoats, with their red vulture plumes and their coloured
+tartans."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Ticonderoga, in 1758, they suffered heavily, in blood, though not in
+honour. Of that encounter an officer of the 55th, who was in the
+engagement, says: "It is with a mixture of esteem, grief, and envy,
+that I considered the great loss and immortal glory won by the Scots
+Highlanders in the late bloody affair." From all historical accounts it
+seems that the enemy was very strongly entrenched, in front by ditches,
+and on the battle side by barricades of felled trees. From this cover
+they sent volley upon volley into the ranks of the advancing
+Highlanders. "Yet," says one chronicler:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"The Scots hewed their way through the obstacles with their broadswords,
+and&#8212;no ladders having been provided&#8212;made strenuous efforts
+to carry the breastwork, partly by mounting on each other's shoulders,
+and partly by placing their feet in holes which they dug with their
+swords and bayonets in the face of the works. After a desperate
+struggle, which lasted nearly four hours, General Abercromby, seeing no
+possible chance of success, ordered a retreat&#8212;an order which had
+to be <i>thrice repeated</i> before the Highlanders would withdraw from
+the unequal contest!"
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+What the Black Watch would have done at Balaclava and Inkerman, had
+they been there, can be conjectured, but, sufficient to say that
+Sevastopol bears witness to their many deeds of outright bravery.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The officers of the Black Watch have always been, needless to say, the
+soul of honour of the body of their men. In the following letter&#8212;a
+letter which might form part of a great poem&#8212;Colonel Macleod writes to
+the Sultan Tippoo:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"You, or your interpreter have said in your letter to me that I have
+lied, or made a <i>mensonge</i>. Permit me to inform you, Prince, that
+this thing is not good for you to give, or for me to receive, and if I
+were alone with you in the desert, you would not dare to say these words
+to me. An Englishman scorns to lie; this is an irreparable affront to an
+English warrior. If you have courage enough to meet me, take 100 of your
+<i>bravest</i> men on foot; meet me on the sea shore; I will fight you,
+and 100 men of mine will fight yours."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+This has the true epic ring of all time, even back to the state and
+condition of the heroic savage who, instinct with honour, said:
+"Friend, if I had an axe, and thou hadst an axe, then we should see
+where the truth stands." But, alas! in some parts of the world where
+savagery is no longer heroic, the days of the true epic have gone by,
+its local death warrant being writ upon a "scrap of paper" crumpled in
+an Emperor's hand.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But the Black Watch, though it has fed, as it were, upon the hearts of
+lions in its immortal traditions of the far past, can live more
+intimately in the atmosphere of recent glories. Evan McGregor, Robert
+Dick, Stewart of Garth, Gordon Drummond, Hope Grant&#8212;these are immortal
+names appended to half its story only. Its later history is lit by the
+fame of the Eighth Earl of Airlie, who was killed at Diamond Hill in
+1900. When he sailed from our shores for South Africa, almost his last
+words were: "Remember, if I am killed in action, whatever memorial you
+put for me, that you say on it I had died as I wished." And, in
+confirmation of this, after Magersfontein: "I like the Boers, and am
+very proud to be fighting against them&#8230;. I am very happy." A
+sentiment which we, in later years, can parallel with the fact that
+Botha's son (aged seventeen years) has enlisted to fight for Britain&#8212;a
+step approved by his heroic father.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was the old 73rd (now the 2nd Battalion Black Watch) which, under
+General Wauchope, their former colonel, fought so heroically in the
+Boer War, losing their brave commander at Magersfontein. The 73rd was,
+from 1809 to 1881, an ordinary line regiment, the Scottish dress and
+kilt having been abandoned. As such it fought at Waterloo, which, among
+others, it gives as an "honour" to the Black Watch. In 1881 it was made
+the 2nd Battalion Black Watch, and resumed the doublet, kilt and
+feather bonnet.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The spirit of the Earl of Airlie is alive to-day&#8212;as much alive as it
+was in Scotland, when the "Heroes of Perthshire" laid their lives at
+the feet of him they believed to be their rightful king. Then, as
+since, they lived and died fighting; and, out of their brave deeds from
+that to this, there has arisen the peculiar significance of those three
+words&#8212;thrilling and dear to British hearts, chilling and terrible to
+Britain's foes&#8212;<span class="sc">The Black Watch</span>.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Royal Cypher within the
+Garter. The badge and motto of the Order of the Thistle. In each of the
+four corners the Royal Cypher, ensigned with the Royal Crown.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed
+Egypt. Mysore, Mangalore, Seringapatam, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro,
+Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Waterloo, S.
+Africa 1846-47, 1851-53, Alma, Sevastopol, Lucknow, Ashantee, Egypt
+1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir, Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan, S. Africa 1899-1902,
+Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Batts.,
+scarlet and blue facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[The 1st Battn. was first formed from the independent companies raised
+in 1729 from the Highland clans, and received the name of Black Watch
+from the hue of its tartan. The newly-formed regiment greatly
+distinguished itself at Fontenoy and against the French in N. America.
+At Ticonderoga it lost 25 officers, 19 sergeants, and 603 rank and file
+in killed and wounded, and received the title of Royal Highlanders in
+recognition of its bravery. The 2nd Battn., raised in 1780, became a
+separate regiment in 1786, and it was this Battn. a detachment of which
+was in the wreck of the <i>Birkenhead</i>. The Black Watch gained the
+red hackle during the campaign in Flanders (1794-95). The 42nd was one
+of the four regiments mentioned in dispatches after Waterloo. The 2nd
+Battn. was at Magersfontein in 1899, where it lost 19 officers and over
+300 killed and wounded. This regiment has a record which is only
+equalled by one or two regiments in the British Army.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XIII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Bloodsuckers</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Shew me a well authenticated instance of the troops of any other nation
+gaining and holding an 'impossible' position against fearful odds, and I
+will shew you a wavering in, or, at least, a qualification of, our
+national faith that our allied British infantry is the best in the
+world."&#8212;<i>French Daily Newspaper, August, 1914.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+It was at Elandslaagte that the 1st Battalion of this gallant regiment,
+together with the Gordon Highlanders and the Light Horse, distinguished
+themselves in a terrible passage of arms. The following graphic account
+is taken down from the words of a soldier who went through that
+terrible affair:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"It was nearly five o'clock on that day," he said, "when it seemed to be
+growing curiously dark. And we soon saw the reason. As our men moved
+forward the heavens opened, and from the eastern sky swept a sheet of
+rain. With the first stabbing drops the horses turned their heads, and
+no whip or spur could bring them up to it. It drove through our
+mackintoshes as if they were blotting-paper; the air was filled with a
+hissing sound, and underfoot you could see the solid earth pounded into
+mud, and the mud flowing away in streams of slush. The rain blotted out
+hill and dale and enemy in one great curtain of swooping water. You
+would have said that the heavens had opened to drown the wrath of man.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Through it the guns still thundered, and the khaki column pushed
+doggedly on. The infantry got among the boulders and began to open out.
+The supports and reserves followed. Then, in a twinkling, on the
+stone-pitted hill-face, burst loose another storm&#8212;a storm of lead
+and death. In the first line, down behind the rocks, the men were firing
+fast, and the bullets came pelting round them. The men stooped, and
+staggered, and dropped limply, as if a string that held them upright had
+been cut. The line pushed on, and the colonel fell, shot in the arm.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The regiment pursued their way until they came to a rocky ledge twenty
+feet high. Here they clung to cover, firing, then rose, and were among
+the shrill bullets again. A major was left at the bottom of the ridge
+with a pipe in his mouth, and a Mauser bullet through his leg. His
+company rushed on. Onwards and upwards&#8212;down, fire again&#8212;up
+again, and on. Another ridge won and passed, and only one more hellish
+hail of bullets beyond. More men down. More men hurried forward into the
+firing line&#8212;more death-piping bullets than ever. The air was a
+sieve of them; they came with unceasing ping, and beat on the boulders
+like a million hammers; they ploughed the rocks and tore the turf like
+harrows. Another ridge crowned, another whistling gust of perdition.
+More men down; more men pushing into the firing line. Half the officers
+killed or wounded&#8212;the men panted and stumbled on&#8212;another
+ridge taken! God! would this cursed hill never end? It was sown with
+bleeding and dead behind us; it was edged with stinging fire before.
+'Fix bayonets!' Staff officers rushed up, urging the men on. There was
+now no line, only a surging wave. Devonshires, Gordon Highlanders,
+Manchester, and Light Horse all mixed&#8212;subalterns commanding
+regiments, soldiers yelling advice, officers firing carbines&#8212;all
+stumbling, leaping, killing, falling&#8212;all drunk with battle. At
+length we gained the ridge, and saw the Boer camp below. The Boers were
+galloping out of it helter skelter, with Lancers and Dragoon Guards
+spearing and stamping them into the ground. Suddenly we heard the bugle
+call 'Cease fire!' and, wondering slightly at such an order at such a
+time, we began to retire. But we were soon met by a boy bugler rushing
+forward, who, in reply to our remarks about the order, yelled, 'Cease
+fire be damned!' And then we discovered that the Boers, who had learnt
+our bugle calls, had blown the blast. On this, we turned about, charged
+again, and so made good the battle of Elandslaagte."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badge.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Egmont-op-Zee, Martinique,
+Guadaloupe, Peninsula, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, New Zealand,
+Afghanistan 1879-80, Egypt 1882, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of
+Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battn.,
+scarlet with white facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[1st Battn. raised in 1685, 2nd Battn. in 1801. The 1st Battn. was
+formerly a Battn. of the 8th Foot, and became the 63rd Regiment in 1758.
+It served as Mounted Infantry during the war of American Independence,
+and won great distinction. The 2nd Battn. was formerly the Minorca
+Regiment, and became part of the line in 1804 as the 97th (Queen's
+German) Regiment. In 1816 it became the 96th (Queen's Own), and was
+disbanded in 1818. Raised again in 1824. The 1st Battn. displayed great
+courage and steadiness during the Siege of Ladysmith (1899).]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XIV">&nbsp;</a>
+THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Scotland for Ever</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"You have saved the day, Highlanders, but you must return to your
+position. There is more work to be done."&#8212;<i>Sir Denis Pack at
+Waterloo.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Sir Denis Pack's words at Waterloo are as true to-day as they were
+then. The Gordons have always saved the day, and now they must return
+to their position. There is more work to be done and the Gordons are
+there to do it, as before.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The following is an extract from a letter to Sir Walter Scott from
+Viscount Vanderfosse, first Advocate of the Superior Court of Justice
+of Brussels, dated January 5th, 1816:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"Since the arrival of the British troops on the Continent, their
+discipline was remarked by all those who had any communication with
+them. Among these respectable warriors the Scotch deserve to be
+particularly commemorated, and this honourable mention is due to their
+discipline, their patience, their humanity, and their bravery almost
+without example. Constant and unheard of proofs were given of devotion
+to their country quite extraordinary and sublime; nor must we forget
+that these men, so terrible in the field of battle, were mild and
+tranquil out of it."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Such a testimonial from so high an authority is a treasured document in
+the hands of the Gordons, and many are the accounts received to-day
+from the front, which go to show that their cheery optimism has not
+been dimmed by the passage of a century.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perhaps there is no regiment that blends so nicely the simple humour
+characteristic of the Scot with the grim determination in which no
+section of our army is wanting. There are many points which soften to
+our hearts the fierce homicidal glory of the Gordon Highlanders. But
+first in importance is their grim and terrible side.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the eventful night of the Duchess of Richmond's ball on the eve of
+Waterloo, Colonel Cameron, and some of the N.C. officers of the Gordon
+Highlanders, had been invited to give the guests of different nations
+there assembled a display of the Highland dances. Poets have sung the
+sudden call to arms at the "Cannon's opening roar," but it was not
+until daybreak that the Gordons marched off through the Namur Gate
+towards the scene of action.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On this occasion their panoply of war set everyone a-thrill. With their
+dark plumes waving in the breeze, and the bright sun shining on their
+polished accoutrements, they marched to the screel of the bagpipes.
+Never had the spectators beheld a prouder, braver, more athletic body
+of men; there was not a downcast look among them; only the fearless
+eye, the undaunted mien, the cheerful bearing-things which tell of
+strength.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In this mood they marched as far as the forest of Soignies, near
+Waterloo. Thence, as the day advanced, they proceeded towards Quatre
+Bras. The heat was intense, the dust suffocating, but, after a
+wearisome march, they reached Genappe, where the people were waiting
+for the thirsty regiment with large tubs of water, and of milk, from
+which the Highlanders dipped and drank as they passed through the town.
+Hard on this refreshment, as they came into the plain beyond, was a
+further refreshment to the warlike spirit of the Highlanders; it was
+the sound of cannon that fell upon their ears "nearer, clearer than
+before." There was a general quickening of pace as the excitement of
+promised action ran quickly through the ranks, but Colonel Cameron
+checked their eagerness, and held them back, though with difficulty.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It so chanced, by good luck, or good management, that the Gordons
+arrived at Quatre Bras just at the very moment they were needed.
+Wellington had come in with full information from Bl&#252;cher as to the
+position of the Prussian army, and a fuller scorn of their tactics in
+selecting that position&#8212;a scorn which was justified by the event. "If
+they fight here," he said, in his terse and forcible way, "they will be
+damnably mauled." The Duke was a true prophet. They were, in two words,
+"mauled."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The enemy's action began with a fierce cannonade, under cover of which
+a brigade of infantry and lancers were hurled forward, Our
+Belgian-Dutch allies fell back, and their retreat was converted into a
+rout by the enemy, who speedily became masters of the situation. Things
+were critical, but, at that moment, in came the Gordon Highlanders by
+the Namur road. Their march broke into a double, and their ranks opened
+and overflowed each side of the road, deploying for immediate action.
+At once came an answer from a battery of the enemy perched on one of
+the surrounding heights. By this time the Duke was amongst the
+Highlanders, giving orders to seek cover in the ditches and behind the
+banks of the road; he and his staff following their example. They had
+not long to wait, under a terrible fire, before the French cuirassiers
+came sweeping through the fields towards them. On they came, with
+furious cries, a formidable body; but the Highlanders under command of
+the Duke, waited in grim silence, reserving their fire. "Highlanders!"
+the Duke cried, "don't fight until I tell you," and so the Gordons lay,
+ready for the signal. It came when the charging cuirassiers were within
+thirty yards of them. Then a fierce volley rang out, and havoc lighted
+on the horsemen. Horses and steel-clad riders went down pell mell, and,
+in the confusion, the survivors turned and fled before the coming
+steel. Many, whose horses were shot beneath them, attempted to cope
+with the Scots, but all their valour was as nothing before the bayonets
+of the Gordons.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At another stage of the battle, when the Duke of Brunswick's hussars
+were in flight before the red (Polish) lancers and French light
+infantry, Wellington, involved in the charge, and carried away in their
+mad career, was in great danger; but, seeing a way out, he headed his
+horse for a position that had been taken up by the Gordons. As he
+neared them, at full gallop, he ordered them to lie still; then he
+leapt the intervening fence clearing, at one jump, fence, trench, and
+men. With the Gordons now between him and the foe, he wheeled his horse
+to a standstill, and ordered the Highlanders to get ready. The
+Brunswickers had passed, severely handled by the French bayonets, and
+the grenadiers, on the right, retired to the road, leaving the Gordons
+an opportunity to fire obliquely upon the oncoming cavalry. These
+shared the same fate as the cuirassiers, being met at short distance
+with a volley which threw them into confusion. Those in front were cut
+off, by dead and wounded, from those in the rear, who retreated in
+disorder, while the front passed on in their headlong career, which was
+really a retreat, through the village. Meanwhile, the Gordons turned
+their attention to the rest, and put them to rout.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now Napoleon had impressed upon Ney to act in a manner that must prove
+decisive. The British had to be swept entirely off the field&#8212;the fate
+of France depended upon this. Ney's position was a difficult one,
+especially as he saw that reinforcements were coming up against him.
+Accordingly, he attacked again vigorously, and sent two columns of
+cavalry down upon the posts held by the Gordons. But these met with a
+similar fate to those who had tried that way before. But Ney still
+persisted and the Gordons were suffering heavily. How the day would
+have gone, and what would have happened to our Highlanders had not the
+Guards come up on their left soon afterwards, military experts alone
+can conjecture; but even with their assistance&#8212;and very welcome it
+was&#8212;the Gordons were yet to experience a severer trial.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It came in this way. Two columns of French infantry advanced rapidly,
+by means of the Charleroi road, and the outskirts of the wood of Bossu,
+and occupied a roadside house, with a thick hedge running some distance
+into a field, a part of their number gaining the cover of a
+thickly-hedged garden on the other side of the road. The main body of
+these troops, some 14,000 strong, took up a position in the rear of
+this garden.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Colonel Cameron with difficulty curbed his eagerness to let his men go,
+but the Duke, who foresaw a prolonged struggle, refused to allow it. He
+was, as usual, waiting for the right moment. When that moment came, and
+the order was given, Cameron leapt the ditch, at the head of his men,
+with old General Barnes at his side, crying, "Come on, my old 92nd!"
+Then, to the shrill piping of the pibrochs, the intrepid Gordons leapt
+from the ditch and fell upon the enemy with an impetus that was
+irresistible. The bayonet did its terrible work, and the opposing
+column fell back in confusion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile other sections advanced upon the hedged garden, the house,
+and the field hedge, suffering heavily from these points. It was in
+this advance that the staff of the colour was split into six pieces by
+three bullets, and the staff of the king's colour by one. It was here,
+too, that Cameron himself was wounded. Being shot in the groin, he lost
+control of his horse, which galloped away with him, and finally stopped
+suddenly before his own groom, who was holding a second horse. There
+Cameron, in a fainting condition, was thrown out of the saddle
+violently on to the road.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Colonel Cameron died of his wound late that night, but not before he
+had learnt that the British arms had conquered&#8212;a fact which forms the
+theme of Sir Walter Scott's immortal verse:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+And Sunart rough, and wild Ardgour, And Morven long shall tell, And
+proud Ben Nevis hear with awe, How, upon bloody Quatre-Bras, Brave
+Cameron heard the wild hurrah Of conquest as he fell.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile, the Gordons had fully avenged their leader's death. With
+repeated rushes upon the roadside house, they did deadly work with the
+bayonet, and, amid the hail of bullets from superior forces of the
+enemy, they still continued their fierce onslaughts under conditions
+that would have demoralized soldiers less cool and experienced.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the midst of the appalling fire, they separated and formed up in
+three parts, one part moving to the right of the house and garden,
+another part to the left, while a third prepared to assault the garden
+itself. At a given moment, when the whole battalion was ready, the
+order to charge was given. Then, with a resounding cheer, they rushed
+forward, "the bagpipes screaming out the notes of the 'Cameron's
+Gathering,' as they levelled their bayonets, and charged with the
+elastic step learnt on the hillside."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The enemy stood firm for a little while against the oncoming array of
+determined men; then they broke and fled, showing their backs as
+targets for the Highlanders, who scattered the passage of their retreat
+thickly with their dead bodies. In this action many prisoners were
+taken.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The British troops, though in the minority in guns, as well as men,
+stood like a rock against the searching assaults of the enemy. Ebb and
+flow was the order of battle, until at last the flow of our indomitable
+troops gained ground, and the enemy finally ebbed away.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Our last victory in that furious battle was gained foot by foot, and
+when, in the end, the day was won, and the stars looked down upon
+10,000 slain, the piper of the Gordon Highlanders took his stand in
+front of the village of Quatre Bras to call the Highlanders in. "Loud
+and long blew Cameron," says one who heard that call of the highland
+mountain and the glen, "but his efforts could not gather above half of
+those whom his music had cheered on their march to the battlefield."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Our Gordons had been through the thick of the fight; at the close of
+the day they were terribly hungry, and with the cool sang-froid which
+is the necessary complement to the bravery of such men, they took their
+supper cooked and served in the cuirasses which had shone in the
+enemy's forefront of battle some hours before.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Various writers tell of the extreme kindness received by the Gordons
+after the battle from the inhabitants of Brussels and Antwerp. The
+"good and brave Scots" came in on drays and wagons, apparently none the
+worse for the fierce encounter, saving merely the loss of a leg, or an
+arm or two. "We're a' wantin' a leg or a' airm," cried one from the
+midst of a wagon-load of wounded, as if it were a kind of fraternal
+greeting. The good folk, seeing their plight, and not understanding the
+language, brought them wine in abundance, but the Highlanders did not
+understand the colour of it, and called for "guid sma' ale" as the next
+best thing to their own "white wine of the north."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tales of suffering in those days cannot vie in magnitude with the tales
+of to-day, but it is interesting to note that the endurance and
+patience of the Highlanders, as they lay on the wagons, or came in on
+foot, fainting with weariness and loss of blood, called forth the
+remark, as they passed through the street, "the men of your country
+must be made of iron."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It remains to touch on the Highlanders' own account of this battle. It
+was simple and unpretentious in the extreme. One who had been severely
+wounded, and was lying on the paving stones, waiting to be attended to,
+was accosted by an English resident. "How you and your comrades
+fought!" he said. "Your bravery will be the talk of the world. There is
+no doubt, as the people here say, you and your countrymen are made of
+iron." "Hoots, man," replied the Highlander, "need ye mak' sic a din
+aboot the like o' that? What did we gang oot for but to fecht?"
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It goes without saying that false reports of any considerable
+engagement were spread through the countryside, even in those days. A
+chronicler states that Mercer, when making his way to the scene of
+action, happened on a Gordon Highlander, toiling painfully along the
+road, badly wounded in the knee. "Halt!" cried Mercer. "Have you any
+information? The Belgians tell me that our army has been forced to
+retreat." "Na, na," replied the Scot; "it's a damned lee! When I cam'
+awa' they were fechtin', an' they're aye fechtin' yet." With that, he
+sat down on the roadside and calmly lit his pipe, while a prentice
+surgeon probed for the bullet in his knee.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Another incident preserved in the records of the Gordons is related by
+a Scotch lady who resided at that time in Antwerp. She had heard
+reports of a retreat from Quatre Bras, and other mis-statements
+concerning Mont St. Jean had also reached her ears, all to the effect
+that the British had suffered severe defeat; that Wellington was
+dangerously wounded, and that all of any account in our army were
+either killed or taken prisoners. Moreover, thousands of French troops
+had entered Brussels, and that on the heels of death and destruction
+came panic and dismay. Needless to say, this was not true, except in
+one point only&#8212;that 2,000 French <i>had</i> entered Brussels; but it
+was in the r&#244;le of prisoners, not victors! On the following day the
+Scotch lady went out in search of news, and was met by a long
+procession of vehicles laden with the wounded. Not a word of victory
+could she get on any hand, until she observed, in the very last wagon,
+a group of Gordon Highlanders, badly wounded, and heavily bandaged.
+They evidently knew something, for they were throwing their bonnets in
+the air, and shouting: "Bony's beat! Hurrah for Bonnie Scotland! Hurrah
+for Merrie England! Bony's beat!" Recognizing the Highland spirit, the
+lady sought to learn the cause of their excitement, and they told her,
+between their wild cries of joy, that a rider had just sped by,
+bringing the glad news of victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was not easy for the people of Brussels to gather the real import of
+this news either from the lady or the Highlanders, but it began to
+spread about, in what to them was an unknown tongue, though forcible in
+vociferation, that "Bony was beat and runnin' awa' to his ain country
+just as fast as he could gang." Yet there was no explaining it to them,
+and it was in vain that a brawny, bearded Highlander took a Belgian
+woman to task with the words, "Canna ye hear, ye auld witch? Are ye
+deaf? Bony's beat, I tell ye! I tell ye, Bony's beat, wumman!" It was
+no good! But the full significance of the fact was soon made known in
+the city, and then there was wild rejoicing on every hand.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In those times the Belgian people conceived and fostered a great love
+for the Gordon Highlanders, and no doubt the tradition has been handed
+down to this day that they are the best of soldiers, sweet and gentle
+in peace, and terrible in war.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The part played by the Gordons in the repulse of the Boer attack on
+Ladysmith, January 6th, 1900, is never to be forgotten. It was here
+that Lieutenant Colonel Dick-Cunyngham, V.C., fell at the head of his
+men. It was during the Afghan campaign that this hero of the Gordons
+received his V.C., when they were fighting outside Kabul in 1879.
+Staggered for a moment by a terrific onslaught on the part of the
+Afghans, the Gordons, their leading officer and colour-sergeant being
+killed, seemed to hesitate, when Dick-Cunyngham sprang forward, and, by
+his remarkable coolness and gallantry, saved the situation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In later days, the Gordon Highlanders have maintained and even added to
+the reputation thus bravely won. One signal instance is found in their
+attacks on the Dargai heights. On October 18th, 1897, the Gordons
+formed part of the flanking movement under Brigadier-General Kempster.
+The heights were won, but were shortly re-occupied by the enemy. On the
+following day, a second battle was joined about this position. Under
+Sir William Lockhart the Gordons displayed their usual fighting power.
+In the "Broad Arrow" of February, 18th, 1898, Sir William Lockhart
+himself described the part they played:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"The Gordon Highlanders went straight up the hill without check or
+hesitation. Headed by their pipers, and led by Colonel Mathias, with
+Major Macbean on his right, and Lieutenant A. F. Gordon on his left,
+this splendid battalion marched across the open. It dashed through a
+murderous fire, and in forty minutes had won the heights, leaving three
+officers and thirty men killed or wounded on its way. The first rush of
+the Highlanders was deserving of the highest praise, for they had just
+undergone a very severe climb, and had reached a point beyond which
+other troops had been unable to advance for over three hours. The first
+rush was followed at short intervals by a second and a third, each led
+by officers; and, as the leading companies went up the path for the
+final assault, the remainder of the troops streamed on in support, but
+few of the enemy waited for the bayonet, many of them being shot down as
+they fled in confusion."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Supremely heroic on a point of romantic sentiment is our Gordon
+Highlander. When Cameron fell at Quatre Bras, he was not only mortally
+wounded, but pinned down by his horse. In this helpless condition he
+was recognised by one of the enemy, who swiftly rushed forward to
+bayonet him. But swifter still came the cold steel of Ewen Macmillan
+(the Colonel's foster brother) and pierced the would-be murderer to the
+heart. Ewen extricated his leader and bore him off; then, his master
+safe, he turned back with the set purpose of securing the saddle on
+which he had sat through many a victorious battle. In the thick of the
+fight the imperturbable Scot, amid a hail of bullets, secured that
+saddle and returned safely with it to his company, exhibiting it with a
+fine mingling of triumph and regret. "We must leave them the carcase,"
+he said, "but they shan't get the saddle where Fassiefern sat." That
+was what he had risked his life a thousand times a minute for&#8212;the
+saddle where Fassiefern had sat!
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And not only in stirring deeds of deathless glory have the Gordon
+Highlanders shone in the starry sky of Britain's fame. In the course of
+their long career they have been called upon to suffer and endure tests
+of hardship and privation, which prove the true mettle of the British
+soldier. They have played many parts in the theatre of war where the
+limelight did not fall. It was even their fate to take part in the
+terrible retreat to Bremen. Mr. W. Richards gives a grim description of
+some of these hardships:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"The high, keen wind carried the drifted snow and sand with such
+violence that the human frame could scarcely resist its power; the cold
+was intense; the water, which collected in the hollow eyes of the men,
+congealed as it fell, and hung in icicles from their eyelashes; the
+breath froze, and hung in icy incrustations about their haggard faces,
+and on the blankets and coats which they wrapped about them."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+But, with the Gordons, the hardy spirit in which they weathered all
+this was only a modification of that which carried them into their most
+glorious triumphs on the field of battle. Speaking of hardships and
+remembering the strong spirit of camaraderie which has always existed
+between our soldiers of all regiments, we cannot help reminding the
+Gordons that their 2nd Battalion owes the Coldstreamers one ration. It
+happened in this way. When the Gordons arrived at Fuentes d'Onoro both
+officers and men were literally starving, owing to a faulty
+commissariat; and no sooner did the Guards get wind of this than they
+volunteered a ration of biscuits, from their haversacks. Now, as the
+Coldstreamers will not be able to get those biscuits from the enemy,
+who appears to have "embarked without them," they may require them
+again from the Gordons and they should insist on having them well
+buttered.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+The Royal Tiger, superscribed India.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Mysore, Seringapatam,
+Egmont-op-Zee, Mandora, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro, Almaraz, Vittoria,
+Pyrenees, Nive, Orthes, Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1835, Delhi,
+Lucknow, Charasiah, Kabul 1879, Kandahar 1880, Afghanistan 1878-80,
+Egypt 1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir, Nile 1884-85, Chitral, Tirah, S. Africa
+1889-1902, Paardeberg, Defence of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with yellow facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[To the first regiment (the 89th), raised in 1759, there belong the
+romances of two notable men. One was the Duke's brother, Lord William,
+who afterwards ran away with Lady Sarah Bunbury, and the other was Lord
+George, the future rioter. A further romance belongs to the Gordons
+proper. When, in 1794, the 4th D. of G. was commissioned to raise a
+regiment for the King, with the Duke's son, Lord Huntly, as its colonel,
+his wife Jane, "the Bonnie Duchess," acted as her son's recruiting
+sergeant. Day after day she rode in among them at their gatherings, and
+with the King's shilling between her teeth, kissed them into the army.
+"Now, lads; whose for a soldier's life&#8212;and a kiss o' the Duchess
+Jean?" Her ambition for her son in the way of masculine counterpoise to
+the brilliant alliances of her daughters does not matter so much as that
+the Gordons sprang into being at the touch of her lips&#8212;which is a
+legend greatly treasured among Highlanders.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="image"><img width="500" height="298" src="images/003.jpg" alt="THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS AT BADAJOZ.">
+<p class="caption">THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS AT BADAJOZ.
+<br><i>From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XV">&nbsp;</a>
+THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Garvies</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Rangers of Connaught, the eyes of all Ireland are on you this day. On
+then, and at them, and if you do not give them the soundest thrashing
+they have ever got in their lives, you needn't look me in the face again
+in this world or the next."&#8212;<i>Colonel-in-Command at the Front.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Towards the close of the Transvaal War the 2nd Battalion of the
+Connaught Rangers performed a heroic feat, which tended to mitigate the
+peace-with-little-honour feeling which marked the peace negotiations of
+1879.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lydenberg was garrisoned by some seventy men, fifty-three of whom were
+Connaught Rangers, the whole being under the command of Lieut. Long, a
+mere stripling lad of twenty-two. Soon after Brunker's Spruit the Boers
+called upon Lydenberg to surrender, thinking that the lad of twenty-two
+would do as he was told like an obedient boy. But they soon found that
+they were mistaken. Long wisely temporised, and made use of a few days
+thus gained to strengthen his defences. Soon came the Boers' second
+demand of surrender, and this time it was scornfully flung back. So, on
+the 6th January, the Boers' bombarded the place, but the little
+garrison held out, and, for twelve weeks, the forces of siege,
+sickness, hunger and thirst failed to break the spirit of the gallant
+band. Then, when peace was declared, the 94th had no cause to feel
+ashamed, for in their hands Lydenberg had never surrendered. The
+British flag still fluttered above it. Worn and exhausted by terrible
+hardships and privations, but <i>still unconquered</i>, the survivors
+came forth in peace.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Harp and Crown. The Elephant.
+The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Quis Separabit."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Seringapatam, Talavera,
+Busaco, Fuentes d'Onoro, Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria,
+Nivelle, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol,
+Central India, S. Africa 1877-79, 1899-1902, Relief of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with green facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[Raised in 1793 in Connaught. Both Battns. gained undying fame in the
+Peninsula War, the regiment having the honour of forming the forlorn
+hope at the storming of both Badajoz and Ciudad Rodrigo. The regiment
+also fought with distinction in the Crimea and the Indian Mutiny. During
+the Boer War of 1899 the 1st Battn. formed part of the famous Irish
+Brigade in Natal, and in 1901 it became a battn. of mounted infantry.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XVI">&nbsp;</a>
+THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Thin Red Line</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Wherever they have lived and fought they have carried with them the
+fearless picturesqueness of their indomitable mountains."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+At Sevastopol, as at few other battles in the history of wars, was
+displayed the most magnificent valour of the Highlander. The approaches
+to Balaclava were protected by six batteries manned by Turks, who, it
+will be remembered, were in those days our allies. On October 25th,
+1854, the Russians made a determined attack on these redoubts, speedily
+captured three of the batteries, and at once turned them on the 93rd
+Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, compelling them to seek cover
+behind a slight ridge. No sooner had they done so than a horde of
+Russian cavalry swept down upon them, whereat Sir Colin ordered his men
+to breast the ridge and hold it against them at all costs. "Men," he
+said, "there is no retreat from here; you must die where you stand."
+"Ay, ay, Sir Colin," was the cool response, "and we'll do that if needs
+be."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The men were only two or three deep, but that "thin red line,"
+bristling with steel, was none the less formidable for that. Every
+heart was staunch and every hand was steady. Nearer and nearer came the
+rolling thunder of the Russian cavalry, quickening as it came. They
+were now at 600 yards. "Fire!" the order was given, and the lead went
+forth, but the Russians, though galled, still came on. At 200 yards a
+second volley rang out, and this time the enemy wavered and could only
+be rallied by the remarkable determination of their officers. Their
+swerve was headed into a flank attack, but the Highlanders stood firm
+as their native rocks, and met their last onrush with volley on volley.
+</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"Then had you seen a gallant shock</div>
+<div>When saddles were emptied and lances broke."</div></div></div></div>
+
+<p>
+The enemy, now in confusion, looked at the cold steel awaiting them,
+turned in dismay and fled in disorder to the shelter of their own guns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 93rd were also at Lucknow, and the way they came to the rescue of
+the hard-pressed garrison of that city makes a thrilling episode.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Well known is the story of Jessie, the Scotch nurse, who was within the
+fortifications of Lucknow when the final grip of despair was closing on
+the beleaguered garrison. Sitting musing on the hope of death as
+against the horrors of surrender, she suddenly raised her head and
+listened. Was she dreaming of the hills and glens of her native land,
+which she might never see again, or was that the sound of the pibrochs
+floating on the breeze from far away? She started up, declaring that
+she heard the wild music of her own country drawing nearer and nearer
+out of the distance. Others listened, but could hear nothing, and
+thought that Jessie was fey. But the simple-living Scotch folk are
+renowned for their second sight and clairaudience, and the event proved
+that Jessie was right; for at that moment, though far beyond the range
+of physical hearing, the Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, were
+marching swiftly towards Lucknow, with Cameron striding at their head,
+blowing his loudest.
+</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="image"><img width="500" height="294" src="images/004.jpg" alt="THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS AT BALACLAVA.">
+<p class="caption">THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS AT BALACLAVA.
+<br><i>From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+When they arrived at the city they made no pause, but swept down on the
+dastardly foe with irresistible force, while the bagpipes screamed and
+the men cheered wildly. Then ensued a running fight lasting some hours,
+after which post after post was seized and occupied until finally the
+siege was raised, and Sir Colin Campbell and Sir Henry Havelock met
+within the city and shook hands on a glorious relief.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;A Boar's Head within a wreath of
+myrtle. A Cat within a wreath of broom, all over the label as
+represented in the arms of the Princess Louise, and surmounted with
+H.R.H.'s coronet. In each of the four corners the Princess Louise Cypher
+and Coronet.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Mottoes.</span>&#8212;"Ne obliviscaris." "Sans peur."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Cape of Good Hope 1806,
+Rolica, Vimiera, Coronna, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse,
+Peninsula, Alma, Balaclava, Sevastopol, Lucknow, S. Africa 1846-47,
+1851-53, 1879, 1899-1902, Modder River, Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with yellow facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[1st Battn. (Argyllshire Highlanders): raised in 1794 by the Duke of
+Argyll. 2nd Battn. (Sutherland Highlanders): raised by the Duke of
+Sutherland in 1800. The 1st Battn. formed the bulk of the heroes of the
+wreck of the <i>Birkenhead</i>. The 2nd Battn. were the celebrated "thin
+red line" at Balaclava. The regiment won great distinction during the
+Indian Mutiny. It formed part of General Wauchope's force at
+Magersfontein (1899).]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XVII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Old Toughs</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The Dublin Fusiliers had a large share in writing the red history of
+India. Their prestige has been drawn mainly from the East. Indeed,
+although they have been in existence 246 years, they never set eyes on
+the white cliffs of Dover until the other day, so to speak, in 1871. On
+their colours stand the Royal Tiger of Bengal, and the Indian Elephant,
+together with the honours&#8212;Plassey, Mysore, The Carnatic, Buxar, and
+many others gained in India which are unknown to any other regiment. In
+the conquest of India they were Clive's men, Warren Hastings' men, and
+"their names are the names of the victories of England." It is scarcely
+too much to say that Indian territory was made British by the Dublin
+Fusiliers. The story of how India would have become part of the French
+Empire but for the daring genius of an obscure youth and the
+indomitable valour of the Dublin Fusiliers makes thrilling reading.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The French had laid siege to Trichinopoly, knowing that, with its fall,
+fell India into their hands; but Clive, a young man of twenty-five
+years, a born genius, without any further acquirement in the way of
+special training, evolved as if by a heaven-sent inspiration&#8212;a sudden
+plan&#8212;the consummate daring of which has not been equalled in the
+history of any other nation. It was, in brief, to raise the siege of
+Trichinopoly by dealing a sledge-hammer stroke upon Arcot, the capital
+of the Carnatic&#8212;a city whose population was 100,000, and whose
+garrison consisted of 1,100 trained men. Clive proposed to subdue this
+strongly defended city with 200 Dublin Fusiliers and 300 Sepoys. This
+unheard-of intention must have had something unseen and undreamt of
+behind it, as the shadow of the coming event. The issue proved this.
+With his handful of men, tuned to his own pitch of enthusiasm, he
+marched boldly on Arcot during the night. He was not alone. His allies
+were the elements. As he neared the gates of the city, they broke
+loose. The lightning flashed, the thunder roared, and the rain
+descended in torrents. In the midst of this, he and his little band
+entered the city as if at the head of an unknown mighty army. These
+men, who came attended by the artillery of the storm gods, by the
+lightning's flash and search-light, seemed all too many for the
+garrison. Terrified, they fled in tumult and disorder, and Clive by
+this master-stroke, aided by That which has aided Britain many times in
+a moment of daring extremity, seized Arcot, and held it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But this master-stroke required confirmation before it was effective.
+It yet remained for Clive, and his brave band to display the endurance
+and patience necessary to hold what was won. The besiegers of
+Trichinopoly gathered reinforcements, and beleaguered Arcot. Ten
+thousand men enforced that place. In the course of days four officers,
+nearly 100 Dublin Fusiliers and over 100 Sepoys were lost. Says an
+eye-witness who describes the place, "The ramparts were too narrow to
+admit the guns, the battlements too low to protect the soldiers." In
+this siege, which lasted fifty days, elephants were used by the
+besieging hosts. With the battering-rams slung between them, they were
+pushed forward against the walls, but the "Dubs" sent such a fusilade
+against them that the beasts turned tail, and trampled hundreds of the
+enemy to death.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The little body of Dublin Fusiliers and Sepoys&#8212;it was the first, but
+not the last time that Indian troops have fought bravely by our
+side&#8212;held out, and finally the enemy, after a fierce attack, in which
+they were worsted, retreated. Clive followed them up remorselessly. In
+that pursuit Pondicherry and Tanjore were taken, and now, at Plassey,
+were 100 British, and 2,000 Sepoys, who, in a decisive action, defeated
+60,000 of the enemy under Surajah Dowlah. This superiority of a cause
+which, reinforcing an inferiority of men, has proved, through thick
+blood and thin, to be at the behest of civilisation, is not without its
+far-off echo in the present day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It needs to be added that the whole of the honours of the Dublin
+Fusiliers, until "South Africa, 1899-1902," and "Relief of Ladysmith,"
+were won by the Madras Fusiliers and Bombay Fusiliers (East India
+Company's regiments). It was only in 1881 that they were given the name
+"Royal Dublin Fusiliers," and as such, our English, Scotch and Welsh
+have never a fault to find with them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Arcot that Lieutenant Trewith, of the Madras Fusiliers, saved
+Clive's life at the expense of his own, and so, indirectly, yet
+practically, saved India. At a moment when Clive was unaware of danger
+Trewith saw one of the besiegers taking a long, steady aim at him
+through a small breach. There was no time to do anything in the way of
+warning. There was merely time to thrust his own body between the
+bullet and Clive's heart&#8212;between another Power and India. That was a
+moment as heroic for an individual as it was critical for a nation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+From the battle of Plassey onwards, wherever there was fighting, there
+were the Dublin Fusiliers. At Condore and Wandiwash, at Buxar and
+Sholingur, they were present&#8212;not in numbers but in force. It has
+ceased to be a strange thing regarding the Dublin Fusiliers that their
+greatest victories were those in which the odds were against them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Cuddalore the "Dubs" saw the first step of a romance which went far
+in a world of practical reality. It was there that they took no less a
+person than Bernadotte prisoner&#8212;Bernadotte, the born leader of men,
+who afterwards married Desir&#233;e Clary (the early love of Napoleon),
+became Field Marshal, and died King of Sweden. Little did those
+practical fighters think, when they treated the young Bernadotte kindly
+at their camp fire that they had actually captured the future father of
+King Oscar of Sweden&#8212;a monarch who received his name from his
+god-father Napoleon Bonaparte, after his favourite hero, Oscar of
+<i>Ossian</i>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As the almost impossible name of Nundy Droog has been glorified by the
+"Dubs," one may fairly reason that the glory of a place-name may be
+derived from what takes place there. Nundy Droog is a fortress set upon
+a great crag, nearly half a mile high. The story of the three weeks'
+siege of this difficult place has a sublime climax in the final and
+victorious assault of the Dublin Fusiliers. It was night, and the
+Indian moon shone full upon the giant crag, whose serried points seemed
+to pierce the sky, casting deep shadows on the rocky facets and gloomy
+ravines. From far above fell the bugle calls of the defenders, tossed
+by echo from precipice to precipice, to die away in the dark spaces.
+Then rang out an answering clarion note from below, sounding the
+assault, and the Dublin Fusiliers advanced up the sides of that
+precipitous height. "Then," says a chronicler, with a peculiar
+inversion of metaphorical allusion, "hell opened <i>above them</i>,
+cannon shot ploughed through them, musketry raked them, rockets blasted
+them, great boulders rolled down from above and carried many away."
+But, undaunted, the Dublin Fusiliers climbed on and up, until at last
+their final dash on the summit was so determined that the enemy fled
+dismayed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Later, standing in pools of blood where lay women of Cawnpore, while
+little baby-shoes floated about them, the Dublin Fusiliers&#8212;strong men,
+sobbing with grief&#8212;vowed vengeance on the perpetrators of the foulest
+deeds, and saw it carried out. The murderers were captured and blown
+from the guns, their hands smeared with the blood of their innocent
+victims, and, according to their own belief, their high-caste souls
+consequently damned for ever.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Dublin Fusiliers fought grandly in the Boer War, and nothing could
+hold them back. After Colenso they were found to be only 400 strong. In
+view of their terrible losses it was decided to send them off to Frere
+to keep the communications open. It was at parade that they were
+informed of this, and they one and all "nabbed the rust" and swore they
+would be in the fighting line or die. They were expostulated with, but
+all arguments were of no avail; the fighting spirit was too strong, and
+these heroic fellows were allowed to remain to have another cut at the
+enemy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+During the battle of Colenso occurred a real "Irish" incident which is
+amusing. The "Dubs" were advancing on the enemy's left flank under a
+searching shell and rifle fire, when they paused for cover at a
+poorly-sheltered spot. Here two of the men had a private difference,
+and, with the battle raging round them, and the bullets whistling
+through their hair, they set about one another with their fists, their
+comrades gathering round and looking on with interest. When the matter
+was satisfactorily settled, and the best man had let the other up, the
+two shook hands, and, joining common cause against the enemy, coolly
+resumed the advance, and proceeded about the less personal business of
+the day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Lucknow that Tommy Atkins, the sentry, when he saw the people
+flying for the Residency, refused to leave his post, and was killed by
+the Sepoys. This proud nickname, Tommy Atkins, has now come to mean any
+soldier in the British Army, and rightly so, for, be it said, they are
+all built on the same plan as the one who immortalized their present
+name.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There are two true stories of the Dublin Fusiliers which will bear
+repeating; indeed, they are more than true: they are tender and true,
+and show the noblest form of self-sacrifice in the face of unconquering
+death. At Natal, when Captain Paton was severely wounded, one of his
+disabled men crept to his side in the cold, teeming rain, and lay with
+his arms about him all night long, trying to keep the necessary warmth
+in his body. And if you remind an old Dublin Fusilier of this touching
+story, he will most probably tell you another of eighty years ago,
+which is like unto it. There were, so the records tell, two
+foster-brothers in the Bombay Fusiliers (the 2nd "Dubs")&#8212;the younger
+an officer, and the elder a devil-may-care private. "Ye'll be lookin'
+after the lad," said their mother, when they left for the front. "I
+will," replied the reckless one; and he did. They were found, years
+later, upon a mountain-side in India, both dead, lying among dead and
+wounded. But&#8212;and here is the lump in the throat&#8212;the younger had been
+badly wounded, and the elder only slightly; but, dead from exposure,
+there he lay by his brother's side, stripped to the skin, all his
+clothes being piled upon his mother's younger son to keep his ebbing
+life-spark warm. Deep down in the devil-may-care Bombay Fusilier who
+did that deed was surely the spirit that conquers death, subjecting it
+to the higher glory of Britain.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Royal Tiger, superscribed,
+"Plassey," "Buxar." The Elephant, superscribed "Carnatic," "Mysore."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Spectamur Agendo."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Arcot, Condore, Wandiwash,
+Scholingur, Nundy Droog, Amboyna, Ternate, Banda, Pondicherry,
+Mahidpoor, Guzerat, Seringapatam, Kirkee, Beni Boo Ally, Aden, Punjaub,
+Mooltan, Goojerat, Ava, Pegu, Lucknow, S. Africa 1899-1902, Relief of
+Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Scarlet with blue facings.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XVIII">&nbsp;</a>
+FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"A battle's never lost until it's won."&#8212;<i>Old British
+proverb.</i>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Nothing could stop that astonishing infantry."
+</p>
+
+<p class="sig">
+<i>Napier.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+As at Balaclava and Inkerman, a great number of our Expeditionary
+regiments now contending side by side at the front were present at the
+victorious battle of Fuentes d'Onoro, and a new significance attaches
+to that name from the fact that these regiments were mainly responsible
+for the victory on that occasion. The battle is also very noteworthy in
+the annals of British pluck and endurance for the number of times the
+little village was taken and retaken in the course of the day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In September, 1810, Wellington, having beaten Regnier and Ney at
+Busaco, withdrew to his colossal defences at Torres Vedras. In the
+following spring he again assumed the offensive, and marched his army
+to Fuentes d'Onoro, where the battle of glorious incident was fought. A
+Highlander who was in the fight has described it in the following
+picturesque narrative, which as his description is taken from notes
+written in camp, contains no indication as to his regiment, and
+prudently refrains from mentioning the names of most of the other
+regiments, we may preface it with a list of the principal regiments
+engaged. They were as follow:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+1st (Royal) Dragoons; 14th (King's) Hussars; 16th (Queen's) Lancers; the
+Coldstream Guards and Scots Guards; King's Royal Rifle Corps; the Rifle
+Brigade; 1st and 2nd Battalion Highland Light Infantry; 2nd Battalion
+Gordon Highlanders; 1st Battalion Royal Highlanders (Black Watch); 1st
+Battalion South Wales Borderers; 1st Battalion Queen's Own Cameron
+Highlanders; Norfolk Regiment; 1st Battalion Yorkshire Light Infantry;
+1st Battalion Royal Irish Rifles; 1st Battalion Connaught Rangers; 16th
+Lancers; and others.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+And here is his story, in the course of which the reader must make what
+he can of the curious fact that the cavalry on both sides were chiefly
+Germans!
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"Our regiment was moved to the village of Fuentes d'Onoro, a few miles
+nearer Almeida. A great part of the way we moved through a wood of oak
+trees, in which the inhabitants of the surrounding villages had herds of
+swine feeding; here the voice of the cuckoo was never mute; night and
+day its simple notes were heard in every quarter of the wood.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The village we now occupied was in Spain&#8230;. The site of the
+village was beautiful and romantic; it lay in a sort of ravine, down
+which a small river brawled over an irregular rocky bed, in some places
+forming precipitous falls of many feet; the acclivity on each side was
+occasionally abrupt, covered with trees and thick brush-wood. Three
+leagues to the left of our front lay the villages of Gallegos and
+Espeja, in and about which our Light Division and cavalry were
+quartered. Between this and Fuentes lay a large wood, which, receding on
+the right, formed a plain, flanked by a deep ravine, being a
+continuation of that in which the village lay. In our rear was another
+plain, on which our army subsequently formed, and behind that, in a
+valley, Villa Fermosa, the river Coa running past it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"We had not been many days here when we received intelligence that the
+light troops were falling back upon our village, the enemy having
+recrossed the Agueda in great force, for the purpose of relieving
+Almeida, which we had blockaded. On the morning we received this
+intelligence (3rd May, 1811), our regiment turned out of the town, and
+took up their position with the rest of the division on a plain some
+distance behind it. The morning was uncommonly beautiful; the sun shone
+bright and warm; the various odoriferous shrubs, which were scattered
+profusely around, perfumed the air, and the woods rang with the song of
+birds.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The Light Division and cavalry falling back, followed by the columns of
+the French, the various divisions of the army assembling on the plain
+from different quarters, their arms glittering in the sun; bugles
+blowing, drums beating, the various staff officers galloping about to
+different parts of the line giving orders, formed a scene which realized
+to my mind all that I had ever read of feats of arms, or the pomp of
+war&#8212;a scene which no one could behold unmoved, or without feeling
+a portion of that enthusiasm which always accompanies 'deeds of high
+daring'; a scene justly conceived, and well described by Moore, in the
+beautiful song:&#8212;
+</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>Oh, the sight entrancing</div>
+<div>When the morning's beam is glancing</div>
+<div class="i1">O'er files array'd</div>
+<div class="i1">With helm and blade</div>
+<div>And plumes in the gay wind dancing!</div></div></div></div>
+
+<p>
+"Our position was now taken up in such a way that our line ran along the
+frontiers of Portugal, maintaining the blockade of Almeida by our left,
+while our right kept open the communication with Sabugal, the place
+where the last action was fought.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The French advanced on our position in three columns, about three
+o'clock in the afternoon, and detached a strong body of troops against
+Fuentes, which was at this time occupied as an advance post by the 60th
+Regiment (1st Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps), and the light company
+of our division. The skirmishers were covered in their advance by
+cavalry, in consequence of which ours were obliged to fall back for
+greater safety to some stone fences on the outskirts of the village,
+while a party of our German hussars covered their retreat.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The cavalry now commenced skirmishing, the infantry keeping up an
+occasional fire. It was rather remarkable that the cavalry on both sides
+happened to be Germans. When this was understood, volleys of insulting
+language, as well as shot, were exchanged between them. One of our
+hussars got so enraged at something one of his opponents said, that,
+raising his sword, he dashed forward upon him into the very centre of
+their line. The insulting hussar, seeing that he had no mercy to expect
+from his enraged foe, wheeled about his horse, and rode to the rear. The
+other, determined on revenge, still continued to follow him. The whole
+attention, on both sides, was drawn for a moment to these two, and a
+temporary cessation of firing took place. The French stared in
+astonishment at our hussar's temerity, while our men were cheering him
+on. The chase continued for some way to the rear of their cavalry. At
+last, our hussar, coming up with him, fetched a furious blow, and
+brought him to the ground.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Awakening now to a sense of the danger he had thrown himself into, he
+set his horse at full speed to get back to his comrades, but the French,
+who were confounded when he passed, had recovered their surprise, and,
+determined on avenging the death of their comrade, they joined in
+pursuit, firing their pistols at him. The poor fellow was now in a
+hazardous plight; they were every moment gaining upon him, and he had
+still a long way to ride. A band of the enemy took a circuit for the
+purpose of intercepting him, and before he could reach the line, he was
+surrounded, and would have been cut to pieces, had not a party of his
+comrades, stimulated by the wish to save so brave a fellow, rushed
+forward, and arrived just in time, by making the attack general, to save
+his life, and brought him off in triumph.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The overwhelming force which the French now pushed forward on the
+village could not be withstood by the small number of troops which
+defended it; they were obliged to give way, and were fairly forced to a
+rising ground on the other side, where stood a small chapel. The French
+now thought they had gained their point, but they were soon undeceived,
+for, being reinforced at this place by the Portuguese cacadores, our
+lads came to the right-about, and attacked them with such vigour that in
+a short time they were driven back to their old ground. While retreating
+through the town, one of our sergeants, who had run up the wrong street,
+being pushed hard by the enemy, ran into one of the houses; they were
+close at his heels, and he had just time to wrench open the door of a
+cupboard in a recess and tumble himself into a large chest, when they
+entered and commenced plundering the house, expressing their wonder, at
+the same time, concerning the sudden disappearance of the 'Anglois' whom
+they had seen run into the house. During the time the poor sergeant lay
+sweating and half smothered they were busy breaking open everything that
+came in their way, looking for plunder, and they had just discovered the
+concealed door of his hiding-place when the noise of our men cheering,
+as they charged the enemy through the town, forced them to take flight.
+The sergeant now got out, and having joined his company, assisted in
+driving the French back.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"No other part of the line had as yet been attacked by the French; they
+seemed bent on taking the village of Fuentes in the first place, as a
+stepping-stone, and the main body of each army lay looking at each
+other. Finding that the force they had sent down, great as it was, could
+not keep possession of the place, they sent forward two strong bodies of
+fresh troops to re-attack it, one of which, composed of the Irish
+Legion, dressed in red uniform, was at first taken for a British
+regiment, and they had time to form up, and give us a volley before the
+mistake was discovered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The village was now vigorously attacked by the enemy at two points, and
+with such a superior force, that, in spite of the unparalleled bravery
+of our troops, they were driven back, contesting every inch of the
+ground.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"On our retreat through the village, we were met by the 71st Regiment,
+cheering and led on by Colonel Cadogan, which had been detached from the
+line to our support. The chase was now turned, and although the French
+were obstinately intent on keeping their ground, and so eager that many
+of their cavalry had entered the town and rushed furiously down the
+streets, all their efforts were in vain; nothing could withstand the
+charge of the gallant 71st, and in a short time, in spite of all
+resistance, they cleared the village."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+[This regiment (1st Battalion Highland Light Infantry) was always
+remarkable for its gallantry. The brave Cadogan well knew the art of
+rendering his men invincible; he knew that the courage of the British
+soldier is best called forth by associating it with his country, and he
+also knew how to time the few words which produced such magical
+effects.]
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"We were now once more in possession of the place, but our loss, as well
+as that of the French, had been very great. In particular places of the
+village, where a stand had been made, or the shot brought to bear, the
+slaughter had been immense. The French, enraged at being thus baffled in
+all their attempts to attack the town, sent forward a force composed of
+the very flower of their army, but they gained only a temporary
+advantage, for, being reinforced by the 79th Regiment&#8212;although the
+contest remained doubtful until night&#8212;we remained in possession of
+it, with the exception of a few houses on the rise of the hill at the
+French side. The light brigade of our division was now withdrawn, and
+the 71st and 79th Regiments remained as a picquet in it during the
+night. Next morning it was again occupied as before. On the 4th both
+sides were busily employed burying the dead and bringing in the wounded,
+French and English promiscuously mixed, and assisted each other in that
+melancholy duty, as if they had been intimate friends&#8230;. During
+this day, the French generals reconnoitred our position, and next
+morning (the 5th), they made a movement to their left with two strong
+columns. This caused a corresponding movement in our lines, and it was
+scarcely made, when they attacked our right, composed of the 7th
+Division, with all their cavalry, and succeeded in turning it, but they
+were gallantly met by some squadrons of our dragoons, and repulsed.
+Their columns of infantry still continued to advance on the same point,
+and were much galled by the heavy fire kept up on them by the 7th
+Division, but in consequence of this movement, our communication with
+Sabugal was abandoned for a stronger position, and our army was now
+formed in two lines, the Light Division and cavalry in reserve. This
+man&#339;uvre paralysed their attack on our line, and their efforts were
+chiefly confined to partial cannonading, and some charges with their
+cavalry, which were received and repulsed by the 3rd Regiment of Guards
+in one instance; but, as they were falling back, they did not perceive
+the charge of a different body of the enemy's cavalry in time to form,
+and many of them were killed, wounded, and taken prisoners. Colonel
+Hill, who commanded the picquets, was among the latter; the 42nd
+Regiment (The Black Watch) also, under Lord Blantyre, gallantly repulsed
+another charge made by the enemy's cavalry. The Frenchmen then attempted
+to push a strong body of light infantry down the ravine to the right of
+the 1st Division, but they were driven back by some companies of the
+Guards and 95th Rifles (now the "Rifle Brigade.")
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"While on the right this was going on, the village of Fuentes was again
+attacked by a body of the Imperial Guard, and, as on the 3rd, the
+village was taken and retaken several times. At one time they had
+brought down such an overwhelming force that our troops were fairly beat
+out of the town, and the French formed a close column between it and us.
+Some guns which were posted on the rise in front of our line, having
+opened upon them, made them change their ground, and the 88th Regiment
+(Connaught Rangers) being detached from our division, led on by the
+heroic General McKinnon (who commanded our right brigade), charged them
+furiously, and drove them back through the village with great slaughter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Some time previous to this, General Picton had had occasion to check
+this regiment for some little plundering affair they had been guilty of,
+and he was so offended at their conduct that, in addressing them, he had
+told them they were the greatest 'blackguards' in the army. But, as he
+was always as ready to give praise as censure, where it was due, when
+they were returning from this gallant and effective charge, he
+exclaimed, 'Well done, the brave 88th!' Some of them who had been stung
+at his former reproaches cried out, 'Are we the greatest blackguards in
+the army now?' The valiant Picton smiled, and replied: 'No, no, you are
+brave and gallant soldiers; this day has redeemed your character.'
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"At one time during the contest, when the enemy had gained a partial
+position of the village, our light troops had retired into a small wood
+above it, where they were huddled together without any regularity (a
+French officer, while leading on his men, having been killed in our
+front), a bugler of the 83rd Regiment (now 1st Battalion Irish Rifles)
+starting out between the fire of both parties, seized his gold watch;
+but he had scarcely returned, when a cannon shot from the enemy came
+whistling past him, and he fell lifeless on the spot. The blood spurted
+out of his nose and ears, but with the exception of this, there was
+neither wound nor bruise on his body&#8212;the shot had not touched him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The phenomenon here described has been the subject of much discussion
+among medical men; some attribute it to the shot becoming electrical,
+and parting with its electricity in passing the body, while others
+maintain that the ball does strike the individual obliquely, and
+although there is no appearance of injury on the surface, there always
+exists serious derangement of the system internally.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"We had regained possession of the village a short time after, and got a
+little breathing time&#8230;. After the various takings and retakings of
+the village, night again found us in possession of it. On the 6th, no
+attempt was made to renew the attack, and, as on the 4th, the army on
+each side was employed burying the dead, and looking after the wounded.
+On the 7th, we still remained quiet, but on this day the whole French
+army were reviewed on the plain by Massena. On the 8th, the French
+sentries were withdrawn at daylight, the main body of the enemy having
+retired during the night to the woods between Fuentes and Gallegos. On
+the 9th they broke up, and retired from their position, and on the 10th
+they had recrossed the Agueda without having accomplished the relief of
+Almeida."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Full of interest and significance as was the battle of Fuentes d'Onoro,
+it remains that the most sanguinary and glorious battle of the
+Peninsular War, as far as the soldiers were concerned, was that of
+Albuera where, on May 16th, the skilful Soult was defeated by
+Beresford, with tremendous slaughter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Just as the battle of Fuentes arose out of the determination of Massena
+to save Almeida, so that of Albuera was owing to Soult's desire to save
+Badajoz, which was in siege by Beresford. Wellington was returning
+victorious from the north to join Beresford, but, before he arrived,
+the bloodiest battle of the Peninsula was over.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Before the siege of Badajoz was well compacted Soult came up with a
+superior force, and Beresford decided to raise the siege and stake the
+issue on a pitched battle. The Allies took up their position on the
+ridge of Albuera, some 28,000 strong, including 10,000 half-trained
+Spaniards, who were something between a hindrance and a help. Soult's
+force consisted of 19,000 picked infantry, 4,000 cavalry, and fifty
+guns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is the very climax and turning point of this fight that interests us
+here. It came at a time when Houghton's Brigade, being practically
+worsted in an assault on the ridge, were failed by Beresford, but
+succored by Colonel Hardinge, who, on his own responsibility, ordered
+the advance of General Cole's Division against the enemy. This, the 4th
+Division, consisting mainly of British fusiliers, succeeded in turning
+the tide of battle. Cole himself led the fusiliers up the hill, on the
+crest of which the French with their artillery were stationed in force;
+and, as if that were not superiority enough, the whole of Soult's
+reserve was advancing in mass to support the columns on the ridge.
+Houghton's Brigade held on in what seemed a losing fight. The ground
+was heaped with dead, and the Polish lancers were beginning to gather
+round the British guns. The brigade saw defeat and destruction staring
+it in the face. But they endured for sheer tenacity's sake, not knowing
+that but a few moments more mattered everything. The Royal Welsh
+Fusiliers swept steadily upwards, attacked the savage lancers, charged
+their gathering hosts, and put the enemy to rout. It was Houghton's
+Brigade that had borne the brunt, but it was the Welsh Fusiliers that
+decided the victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Napier has pictured this glorious passage of arms so vividly that it is
+no man's presumptuous task to describe it independently. "Such a
+gallant line," he says, "issuing from the midst of smoke, and rapidly
+separating itself from the confused and broken multitude, startled the
+enemy's heavy masses which were increasing and pressing onwards as to
+an assured victory. They wavered, hesitated, and then, vomiting forth a
+storm of fire, hastily endeavoured to enlarge their front, while a
+fearful discharge of grape from all their artillery whistled through
+the British ranks. Sir William Myers was killed. Cole, and the three
+Colonels: Ellis, Blakeney, and Hawkshawe, fell wounded, and the
+fusilier battalions, struck by the iron tempest, reeled and staggered
+like sinking ships. Suddenly and sternly recovering, they closed on
+their terrible enemies, and then was seen with what a strength and
+majesty the British soldier fights. In vain did Soult, by voice and
+gesture, animate his Frenchmen; in vain did the hardiest veterans,
+extricating themselves from the crowded columns, sacrifice their lives
+to gain time for the mass to open out on such a fair field; in vain did
+the mass itself bear up, and, fiercely arising, fire indiscriminately
+upon friends and foes, while the horsemen hovering on the flank,
+threatened to charge the advancing line. Nothing could stop that
+astonishing infantry. No sudden burst of undisciplined valour, no
+nervous enthusiasm weakened the stability of their order; their
+flashing eyes were bent on the dark columns in their front; their
+measured tread shook the ground; their dreadful volleys swept away the
+head of every formation; their deafening shouts overpowered the
+dissonant cries that broke from all parts of the tumultuous crowd as,
+foot by foot, and with a horrid carnage, it was driven by the incessant
+vigour of the attack to the farthest edge of the hill. In vain did the
+French reserves, joining with the struggling multitudes, endeavour to
+sustain the fight; their efforts only increased the irremediable
+confusion, and the mighty mass, giving way like a loosened cliff, went
+headlong down the ascent. The rain flowed after in streams discoloured
+with blood, and 1,500 unwounded men, the remnant of 6,000 unconquerable
+British soldiers, stood triumphant on the fatal hill."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It must be added to this classic word-picture of the fight on the ridge
+that Marshal Beresford in his despatch to Lord Wellington, dated
+Albuera, 18th May, said, "It was observed that our dead, particularly
+the 57th Regiment (the "Die Hards" of Albuera), were lying as they had
+fought in the ranks, and that every wound was in front."
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XIX">&nbsp;</a>
+BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"The Cavalry do as they like to the enemy until they are confronted
+by thrice their numbers&#8230;.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Our Artillery has never been opposed to less than three or four
+times their numbers."&#8212;<i>Sir John French at the Front.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+The majority of the Expeditionary Forces now at the front carry in
+their hearts if not on their standards the glorious legends of
+Balaclava and of Inkerman. At a time when it has become so evident that
+the tendency of the Prussian military system is to crush individual
+initiative, while that of the British system is to encourage it on
+equal terms with a free and unhesitating obedience to the will of the
+commander, the battles of Balaclava and Inkerman are of peculiar
+significance, for, while Balaclava contains a glorious instance of
+blind obedience, Inkerman stands alone as a sanguinary conflict in
+which, to quote an eye-witness, "every man was his own general." For
+this reason it has been called a "soldiers' battle," and as such it
+forms a useful example, not only of the fine behaviour of our soldiers
+when thrown on the limit of their own individual resources, but also of
+the self-reliant valour and do-or-die spirit that has brought them
+through so many desperately prolonged struggles before and since. The
+fact that Inkerman was fought and won in a thick fog makes it all the
+more wonderful and satisfactory that the units, and even individuals,
+of our army on that occasion co-operated well within the boundaries of
+a sound and discreet initiative. Many full descriptions have been given
+of Balaclava and Inkerman. Our space here will not allow of more than a
+brief account of some of the glorious deeds on those fields of victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On October 25th, 1885, the Russians made a bold attempt to take
+Balaclava, and the tale of their defeat is the immortal tale of two of
+the finest cavalry charges ever known in the history of war.
+Immortalised in verse by Tennyson, the "Charge of the Light Brigade" is
+a deed bringing honour and glory for all time; yet the charge of the
+Heavy Brigade earlier on the same day was an affair even more deadly to
+the enemy and more responsible for the final victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the first attack of the Russians the 93rd (Sutherland) Highlanders
+were called upon to face them and defend the foremost approach. Eight
+Squadrons of General Scarlett's Heavy Brigade on the left wing were at
+once ordered to their assistance. Of these the Scots Greys and
+Inniskillings were diverted to check the advance of a body of Russian
+cavalry 3,000 strong, which was descending from the hill into the
+valley. It all happened on the spur of the moment. As soon as Scarlett
+became aware of the meaning of those 3,000 of the enemy he made up his
+mind in a flash. It was one of the intuitions that determine the
+fortune of war. "Left wheel into line!" and the Greys and Inniskillings
+were ready. They saw the cause and understood the intention. They
+wheeled into line, and as they formed up with quick, cool decision, the
+Russians paused, as if to calculate, some 500 paces away. "Charge!" And
+the Greys and Inniskillings, with Scarlett at their head, thundered
+forward on the enemy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was a gallant and almost desperate undertaking, for the two
+squadrons were greatly out-numbered by the opposing force; but it was
+so sudden, unexpected and headlong, that the Russians were thrown into
+hesitation and scarcely knew on the spur of the moment the best way to
+meet it. After the terrible clash of meeting they could do no more than
+try to close in on the English, and in this, by dint of superior
+numbers, they must in the end have wiped our men out had it not been
+that in the very thick of it help came from several sides. First, small
+detachments of other "Heavies" came up rapidly and fell upon the
+enclosing Russians so fiercely that their plan was weakened. Then a
+whole squadron of Inniskillings from our right swept down on the
+enemy's left and completely frustrated its encircling movement.
+Finally, from different quarters, the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards and
+the Royals came up like a whirlwind, and the result of it all was a
+fight of the wildest and most terrible kind. In the thick of it were
+Scarlett and his two squadrons, and the enemy were cut up and swept
+away like chaff before the terrible onslaught within and without, until
+at last they broke and fled in utter confusion back over the crest of
+the hill. So, in glorious victory, ended the Charge of the Heavy
+Brigade, a splendid feat of generalship and valour which, though unsung
+by Laureates, nevertheless throws a tremendous weight of tradition into
+the spirit of the "Heavies" who, with three of their regiments&#8212;the
+Scots Greys, and the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards, are to-day repeating
+such deeds at the front without being aware that they are doing
+anything extraordinary.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Charge of the Light Brigade is a matter that all the world knows
+while all the world wonders&#8212;in one sense, that it was ever undertaken,
+and, in another, that mortal flesh and blood could dare so desperate
+and unwarlike a deed at the behest of discipline and still succeed in
+turning it to glorious account. What happened is household reading, but
+who could be restrained from relating it, and who can refrain from
+reading it yet once more?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Light Brigade, with the 13th Light Dragoons and the 17th Lancers in
+the first line, the 11th Hussars in the second, and the 4th Light
+Dragoons and the 8th Hussars in the third, was drawn up two deep as
+soon as the ambiguous order arrived. The Heavy Brigade was in readiness
+to support, with Lord Lucan commanding in person the Greys and Royals.
+A brief question as to the meaning of the order and a quick reply that
+it was no time to question, but merely to obey, and then the trumpet
+rang out for the charge. It had no uncertain sound and every man
+prepared to do and die as they went down the hill with Lord Cardigan at
+their head at a speed approaching twenty miles an hour. Sheets of
+flame, and a hail of lead, leapt out upon their flanks from the Russian
+infantry. Captain Nolan darted out across their front, shouting and
+waving his sword in the futile effort to explain that it was all a
+mistake. But their minds were made up and they did not heed or could
+not understand his gestures, at so swift a pace; and then, swifter
+still, a fragment of shell tore its way through Nolan's heart and his
+horse wheeled and bore him, dead, but still upright, through the
+advancing ranks before he fell.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile the brigade hurled forward, through the dense pall of smoke
+before the guns, into that dreadful impact which has shown the nations
+for ever what our heroes can do. Those who passed between the shot and
+shell passed also between the guns, sabring the gunners as they went,
+until they launched upon the squadron beyond. Then ensued a mighty
+conflict for the possession of the guns. While those in the first line
+fought fiercely with the enemy's cavalry the second and third lines
+thundered in and made their business plain. It was to silence the guns,
+and with all the courage of their kind they did it. Their tracks could
+be traced next day on the field by the lines of dead whose heads were
+not left upon their bodies, or were cloven "from the nave to the
+chaps." The fight was unequal, but they did not seem to realise it, for
+they fought their way back with a persistency that sent an undying
+thrill through all the world. These heroes fought on, and would have
+done so to the last drop had it not been for a timely charge of the
+French Chasseurs d'Afrique upon the pressing hosts of the enemy. Thus
+they were extricated&#8212;all that were left of them. "Then they rode
+back"&#8212;some 170 in formation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When they lined up in their original position and Lord Cardigan counted
+them in a glance, he said "Men, it was a mad-brained trick, but it was
+no fault of mine." Later, when the French General was asked his
+opinion, he replied, "It was magnificent, but it was not war." Later
+still, when Lord Cardigan came home, Queen Victoria asked him simply,
+"Where is my army?" Yet, though critics may speak of "absolute
+inutility," and calculating militarists of "sheer waste of life," it
+still remains that the crowning glory of the Light Brigade, born that
+day at Balaclava, has outlived all the survivors of that deathless
+fray, and will still live on when the sword of the conquered has been
+beaten once more into the ploughshare of peace. Ask any man of the 11th
+Hussars fighting at the front to-day what he thinks about the Charge of
+the Light Brigade, and, whatever he says, he will stand an inch higher
+while saying it. And so it is with the nation. In these days, from the
+Secretary for War to the latest recruit&#8212;even to the humblest
+non-combatant grimly enduring&#8212;we are greater, stronger, more
+whole-hearted for the memory of that glorious episode. It is far
+reaching. It is immortal.
+</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"When can their glory fade?</div>
+<div>Oh! the wild charge they made!</div>
+<div class="i1">All the world wondered.</div>
+<div>Honour the charge they made,</div>
+<div>Honour the Light Brigade;</div>
+<div class="i1">Noble Six Hundred!"</div></div></div></div>
+
+<p>
+Ten days had elapsed since their defeat at Balaclava when the Russians
+planned an over-whelming attack on our besieging army. Their objective
+was Mount Inkerman, their methods were secret, and their men 60,000.
+The event shows that they hoped, by sending a strong force to the west
+of Sevastopol and some 20,000 men to engage our army in the field, to
+carry Inkerman, and so compel us to raise the siege.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Through the mists of the cold November morning the Russians, stirred to
+the highest enthusiasm by the priests, advanced on Inkerman, and a
+fight of the most desperate character ensued. Our Second Division, sore
+pressed by overwhelming numbers, was suffering heavily, when,
+notwithstanding the fog, the enemy's strategy became apparent, and the
+Rifle Brigade were sent hurrying up from the field to their assistance.
+The 50th followed, and the battle round Inkerman, now a trifle less
+unequal, eddied and swirled and locked, turning now in favour of one
+side and now the other. All sides belched flame and in turn were
+bespattered with lead. Here a heap of Russian slain, and there, through
+a rift of the mist, a fitful gleam of serried bayonets. The British
+broke ranks and formed squares, and, in this formation, every square
+found work of its own in repelling the fierce and sudden rushes of the
+enemy. A couple of 18-pounders were brought up and long gaps were hewn
+out of the deep ranks of the attacking host. Small groups found
+antagonists by instinct in the mist and fought to a finish on their
+own. Commanders became fighting-men, and every fighting-man his own
+commander. It rested with each and all who had in common, not only the
+fog, but a general purpose, to see that they kept their place between
+anything Russian and the summit of Inkerman; and, in the process of
+this, hand-to-hand combats as heroic as any in the Trojan War were
+joined. "A series of dreadful deeds of daring," says Davenport Adams,
+"of sanguinary hand-to-hand fights, of despairing rallies, of desperate
+assaults in glens and valleys, in brush-wood and glades and remote
+dales, from which the conquerors issued only to engage fresh foes, till
+the old supremacy, so readily assailed, was again triumphant and the
+battalions of the Czar gave way before our steady courage and the
+chivalrous fire of France."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="ctrsmall">
+<i>Wyman &#38; Sons Ltd., Printers, London and Reading.</i>
+</p>
+
+<br>
+
+<div class="tn">
+<p class="ctr">
+Transcriber's Note:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Minor typographical errors have been corrected without note.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as
+printed.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44701 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+
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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #44701 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44701)
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of British Regiments at the Front, The Story
+of Their Battle Honours, by Reginald Hodder
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: British Regiments at the Front, The Story of Their Battle Honours
+
+Author: Reginald Hodder
+
+Release Date: January 18, 2014 [EBook #44701]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Brian Coe and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+created from images of public domain material made available
+by the University of Toronto Libraries
+(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note: Minor typographical errors have been corrected
+without note. Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have
+been retained as printed. Words printed in italics are noted with
+underscores: _italics_.
+
+
+The Daily Telegraph
+
+WAR BOOKS
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+
+Cloth
+
+1/- net each
+
+The Daily Telegraph
+
+WAR BOOKS
+
+Post free 1/3 each
+
+    HOW THE WAR BEGAN
+    By W. L. COURTNEY. LLD., and J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    THE FLEETS AT WAR
+    By ARCHIBALD HURD
+
+    THE CAMPAIGN OF SEDAN
+    By GEORGE HOOPER
+
+    THE CAMPAIGN ROUND LIEGE
+    By J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    IN THE FIRING LINE
+    By A. ST. JOHN ADCOCK
+
+    GREAT BATTLES OF THE WORLD
+    By STEPHEN CRANE
+    Author of "The Red Badge of Courage."
+
+    BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+    The story of their Battle Honour.
+
+    THE RED CROSS IN WAR
+    By Miss MARY FRANCES BILLINGTON
+
+    FORTY YEARS AFTER
+    The Story of the Franco-German War. By H. C. BAILEY.
+    With an Introduction by W. L. COURTNEY. LL.D.
+
+    A SCRAP OF PAPER
+    The Inner History of German Diplomacy.
+    By E. J. DILLON
+
+    HOW THE NATIONS WAGED WAR
+    A companion volume to "How the War Began," telling how the
+        world faced.
+    Armageddon and how the British Army answered the call to arms.
+    By J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    AIR-CRAFT IN WAR
+    By S. ERIC BRUCE
+
+    FAMOUS FIGHTS OF INDIAN NATIVE REGIMENTS
+    THE TRIUMPHANT RETREAT TO PARIS
+    THE RUSSIAN ADVANCE
+
+    _OTHER VOLUMES IN PREPARATION_
+
+
+PUBLISHED FOR THE DAILY TELEGRAPH
+
+BY HODDER & STOUGHTON, WARWICK SQUARE,
+LONDON, E.C.
+
+
+
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+THE STORY OF THEIR BATTLE HONOURS
+
+
+BY
+
+REGINALD HODDER
+
+
+HODDER AND STOUGHTON
+LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO
+MCMXIV
+
+
+
+
+The Author wishes to express his indebtedness to MR. J. NORVILL for his
+valuable assistance and suggestions.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+CHAPTER                                                          PAGE
+
+  INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER--NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY
+  WERE WON                                                          9
+
+    I. 5TH DRAGOON GUARDS                                          41
+
+  II. THE CARABINIERS                                              43
+
+  III. THE SCOTS GREYS                                             49
+
+   IV. 15TH HUSSARS                                                57
+
+    V. 18TH HUSSARS                                                61
+
+   VI. THE GRENADIER GUARDS                                        63
+
+  VII. THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS                                       71
+
+ VIII. THE ROYAL SCOTS                                             76
+
+   IX. THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"                                        84
+
+    X. THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT                                      89
+
+   XI. THE NORFOLKS                                                92
+
+  XII. THE BLACK WATCH                                            100
+
+ XIII. THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT                                    113
+
+  XIV. THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS                                     118
+
+   XV. THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS                                      139
+
+  XVI. THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS                      142
+
+ XVII. THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS                                       146
+
+XVIII. FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA                                156
+
+   XIX. BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN                                    178
+
+
+
+
+NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY WERE WON
+
+
+"The Rusty Buckles."
+
+The 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) got their name of "The Bays" in
+1767 when they were mounted on bay horses--a thing which distinguished
+them from other regiments, which, with the exception of the Scots
+Greys, had black horses. Their nickname, "The Rusty Buckles," though
+lending itself to a ready explanation, is doubtful as to its origin;
+but one thing is certain that the rust remained on the buckles only
+because the fighting was so strenuous and prolonged that there was no
+time to clean it off.
+
+
+"The Royal Irish."
+
+The 4th Dragoon Guards received this title in 1788, in recognition of
+its long service in Ireland since 1698. The regiment also has the name
+of the "Blue Horse" from the blue facings of the uniform.
+
+
+"The Green Horse."
+
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were given this name in 1717 when their facings
+were changed from buff to green. Some time later, after Salamanca, they
+were also called the "Green Dragoon Guards."
+
+
+"Tichborne's Own."
+
+The 6th Dragoon Guards, or Carabiniers, have been known as "Tichborne's
+Own" ever since the trial of Arthur Orton, as Sir Roger Tichborne had
+served for some time in the regiment. The name of "Carabiniers" has
+distinguished them ever since 1692, when they were armed with long
+pistols or "carabins." With these weapons they did signal work in
+Ireland in 1690-1.
+
+
+"Scots Greys."
+
+This regiment, the 2nd Dragoons, has been known by many names: "Second
+to None," "The Old Greys," "Royal Regiment of Scots Dragoons," (in
+1681, when they were commanded by the famous Claverhouse); "The Grey
+Dragoons" in 1700, the "Scots Regiment of White Horses," the "Royal
+Regiment of North British Dragoons" in 1707, the "2nd Dragoons" in
+1713, and the "2nd Royal North British Dragoons" in 1866.
+
+Associated with them and all their different names is the memorable cry
+of "Scotland for ever"--that wild shout they raised as they charged the
+French infantry at Waterloo. At Ramillies they captured the colours of
+the French Régiment du Roi and by this gained the right to wear
+grenadier caps instead of helmets. "Bubbly Jocks" is a nickname
+frequently used among themselves--a name derived from the fact that
+their dress in its general effect is not unlike that of the "Bubbly
+Jock" or turkey cock.
+
+
+"Lord Adam Gordon's Life Guards."
+
+The 3rd Hussars received this nickname from the fact that when Lord
+Adam Gordon commanded the regiment in Scotland he kept it there for
+such a long time--"for _life_" so to speak. When it was raised, in
+1685, the regiment was called "The Queen Consort's Regiment of
+Dragoons." In 1691 it was known as "Leveson's Dragoons." In the time of
+the George's it was called variously "King's Own Dragoons" and "Bland's
+Horse." In 1818 it was made a "Light Dragoon" regiment, and it was not
+until 1861 that it became Hussars.
+
+
+"Paget's Irregular Horse."
+
+The 4th Hussars received this title on its return from foreign service,
+when it was remarked that its drill was less regular than that of the
+other regiments. In 1685 it was called the "Princess Ann of Denmark's
+Regiment of Dragoons." Like the 3rd it was formed into a regiment of
+Hussars in 1861.
+
+
+"The Red Breasts."
+
+The 5th Lancers, or Royal Irish, are called "Red Breasts" because of
+their scarlet facings. In 1689 they were known as the "Royal Irish
+Dragoons," having been raised to assist at the siege of Londonderry in
+1688. They became the "5th Royal Irish Lancers" in 1858. This regiment
+has also been called the "Daily Advertisers," but the derivation of
+this name is somewhat obscure.
+
+
+"The Delhi Spearmen."
+
+The 9th Lancers received this name from the rebels of the Indian
+Mutiny, against whom they used their long lances with such deadly
+effect. In 1830 they were known as the "Queen's Royal Lancers," and
+"Wynne's Dragoons."
+
+
+"The Cherry Pickers."
+
+The 11th Hussars were dubbed "Cherry Pickers" because some of their men
+during the Peninsular War were taken prisoners in a fruit garden while
+supposed to be on outpost duty. They are known also as "Prince Albert's
+Own" from the fact that they formed part of the Prince's escort from
+Dover to Canterbury when he arrived in England in 1840 as the late
+Queen's chosen Consort. One hears them sometimes referred to as the
+"Cherubims," from their crimson overalls, busby bag, and crimson and
+white plume.
+
+
+"The Supple 12th."
+
+It was at Salamanca that the 12th Lancers received this honoured name,
+because of their dash and rapid movements.
+
+
+"The Fighting 15th."
+
+It was at Emsdorf that the 15th Hussars won this name, and their feat
+of arms on that field gained them the privilege to wear on their
+helmets the following inscription: "Five battalions of French defeated
+and taken by this Regiment with their colours and nine pieces of cannon
+at Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." In 1794, at Villiers-en-Couché, they
+charged with the Austrian Leopold Hussars against vastly superior
+numbers to protect the person of the Austrian Emperor. In recognition
+of this the then Kaiser presented each of the eight surviving officers
+with a medal. In 1799 they received the Royal honour of decking their
+helmets with scarlet feathers. The "Fighting 15th" are also known in
+history as "Elliot's Light Horse."
+
+
+"The Dumpies."
+
+The 20th Hussars, together with the 19th and 21st, received the name of
+"Dumpies" from the fact that the regiment when formed of volunteers
+from the disbanded Bengal European Cavalry of the East India Company
+were short and dumpy. Though nowadays there is many a giant among the
+20th, the name of "Dumpies" still survives.
+
+
+"The Mudlarks."
+
+The Royal Engineers received this name from the nature of their
+ordinary business in war. In 1722 they were called the "Soldier
+Artificers Corps"; and, in 1813, "The Royal Sappers and Miners."
+
+
+"The Gunners."
+
+The Royal Artillery have held this name from their regular formation in
+1793. Formerly, after the rebellion in Scotland, they were known as the
+"Royal Regiment of Artillery," and, though not in any way formed into a
+regiment, they date still further back, one might say even to the early
+days when guns were made of wood and leather. That was before 1543,
+when the first gun was cast in England. In 1660 the master gunner was
+called the "Chief Fire Master". The Honourable Artillery Company was
+founded in 1537 and is the oldest Volunteer Corps in Great Britain.
+
+
+"The Sandbags."
+
+The Grenadier Guards gained this peculiar name from their special
+privilege of working in plain clothes for wages at coal or gravel
+heaving, and for this same reason they were often called "Coalheavers."
+They seem to have got this name in Flanders, where they excelled at
+trench work. Another of their nicknames is "Old Eyes." In 1657 they
+were known as the "Royal Regiment of Guards," and in 1660 as the
+"King's Regiment of Guards."
+
+
+"The Coldstreamers."
+
+The Coldstream Guards received their name in 1666 when Monk marched
+them from Coldstream to assist Charles II to regain his throne. They
+have been called the "_Nulli Secundus Club_," in memory of the
+fact that Charles, before he hit on the name "Coldstream Guards,"
+wished to call them the "2nd Foot Guards," a thing to which they
+strongly objected, saying that they were "second to none."
+
+
+"The Jocks."
+
+The origin of this name for the Scots Guards is obvious. History is a
+little uncertain about their record, as their papers were burnt by
+accident in 1841; but this is certain, that they were raised as Scots
+Guards in 1639 and were called later the "Scots Fusilier Guards" and
+the "3rd Foot Guards," after which, in 1877, they resumed the name of
+"Scots Guards."
+
+
+"Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard."
+
+This strange nickname of the Royal Scots Regiment is based on an
+equally strange story. As long ago as 1637, when most other regiments
+were as yet unborn, a dispute arose between the Royal Scots and the
+Picardy Regiment on the point of priority in age. The Picardy Regiment
+claimed to have been on duty the night after the Crucifixion. But the
+Royal Scots met this with a withering volley. "Had we been on duty
+then," they said, "we should not have slept at our post." This incident
+caused some wag to dub the Royal Scots "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard,"
+and the name has stuck to them ever since. There is another tradition
+that this regiment represents the body of Scottish Archers, who for
+many centuries formed the guard of the French Kings. It fought in the
+seven years' war under Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, and was
+incorporated in the British Army in 1633. Since then, whenever war has
+been declared, every man of "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard" has been among
+the last to stay at home.
+
+
+"The Lions."
+
+The Royal Lancaster Regiment bears upon its colour the Lions of
+England, disposed, as in Trafalgar Square, one at each quarter. This
+distinction was given them by the Prince of Orange, as they were the
+first regiment to join him in 1688 when he landed at Torbay. They have
+also been called "Barrell's Blues" from their Commander and their blue
+facings. They received the title of "King's Own" from George I., in
+1715, and our late King Edward became their Colonel-in-Chief in 1903.
+Our present King is now the Colonel-in-Chief.
+
+
+"Kirke's Lambs."
+
+The Royal West Surrey Regiment (The Queen's) derived this name from
+Kirke and from the Paschal Lamb in each of the four corners of its
+colour. The name has also an ironical derivation from the fact that
+they were employed to enforce the cruelties of "Bloody Judge Jeffreys."
+Another nickname of theirs is the "First Tangerines," because they were
+raised in 1661 as the "Tangiers Regiment of Foot," for the purpose of
+garrisoning Tangiers, at that time a British possession. John
+Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, began his career in this Regiment.
+Another nickname, "Sleepy Queen's" is derived from a slight omission of
+theirs at Almeida, when, through some oversight, they allowed General
+Brennier to escape. But they have so far lived this down that now,
+_ut lucus a non lucendo_, they are called "sleepy" because they are
+always very wide awake.
+
+
+"The Shiners."
+
+The Northumberland Fusiliers deserve that name because they are always
+so spic-and-span. They also deserve the name of "Fighting Fifth"
+because they have many a time proved their right to it. At the battle
+of Kirch Denkern (1761) they captured a whole regiment of French
+infantry, and, in the following year, at Wilhelmsthal, they took twice
+their own number prisoners. They have also the name of "Lord
+Wellington's Body Guard" because, in 1811, they were attached to
+Headquarters. Another name is "The Old and Bold." On St. George's day
+the "Fighting Fifth" wear roses in their caps, but the origin of this
+is not clear, unless it may be that one of their badges is "St. George
+and the Dragon," and another "The Rose and Crown." They also wear the
+white feathers of the French Grenadiers on the anniversary of the
+battle of La Vigie, when Comte de Grasse attempted to relieve the
+Island of St. Lucia in the West Indies. On that occasion the "Old and
+Bold" took the white plumes from the caps of their defeated opponents,
+the French Grenadiers. To-day, the white in the red and white hackle
+now worn by them refers back to that terrible death-struggle. The 5th
+is the only foot regiment which has the distinction of a red and white
+pompon. It is worth recording here that they formed part of a force
+which repulsed overwhelming numbers of the enemy on the heights of El
+Bodon (1811) during the investment of Ciudad Rodrigo. The Iron Duke
+spoke of this achievement as "a memorable example of what can be done
+by steadiness, discipline and confidence."
+
+
+"The Elegant Extracts."
+
+The word sounds like a fashionable chemical compound, but its real
+meaning is derived from the fact that the officers of the Royal
+Fusiliers--except 2nd Lieutenants and Ensigns, of which at the time
+they had none--were "extracted" from other corps. In the eighteenth
+century they were known as the "Hanoverian White Horse." Those who have
+lived to remember the Crimean War will remember also that brave song,
+"Fighting with the 7th Royal Fusiliers"--a song which became so popular
+that the regiment could have been recruited four times over had it been
+necessary.
+
+
+"The Leather Hats."
+
+The King's (Liverpool) Regiment gained their name from their head-gear.
+They were raised by James II. in 1685. In the American War an officer
+and 40 men of the "Leather Hats" captured a fort held by 400 of the
+enemy. It is interesting to know that this regiment has an allied
+regiment of the Australian Commonwealth--the 8th Australian Infantry
+Regiment.
+
+
+"The Holy Boys."
+
+The Norfolk Regiment has had this name ever since the Peninsular War.
+In that campaign the Spaniards, seeing the figure of Britannia on the
+cross-belts of the 9th, thought that it was a representation of the
+Virgin Mary. There is another story to the effect that they derive
+their name from their reputed practice of selling their Bibles to buy
+drink during the Peninsular War. But this I do not believe. Another
+name for them is the "Fighting Ninth"--a title which no one can refuse
+to believe. Their bravery at the siege of St. Sebastian might alone
+justify it.
+
+
+"The Springers."
+
+The Lincolnshire Regiment received this nickname during the American
+War because they were remarkable in their readiness to spring into
+action when called upon. It was the first infantry regiment to enter
+Boer territory during the late South African War. Their other name of
+"Lincolnshire Poachers" has no satisfactory derivation.
+
+
+"The Bloody Eleventh."
+
+There are two stories to account for this nickname of the Devonshire
+Regiment. One is that at Salamanca they were in a very sanguinary
+condition after the battle. The other is that when they were in Dublin
+in 1690 the regiment's contractor supplied bad meat, on which they
+swore that if he did so again they would hang the butcher. There was no
+improvement in the meat, so they hanged the delinquent in front of his
+own shop on one of his own meat-hooks. It is no doubt the first story
+that is the true one. Another name for the Devonshires is "One and
+All." It was a man in this regiment who wounded Napoleon at Toulon in
+1793.
+
+
+"The Old Dozen."
+
+The Suffolk Regiment won glory for itself at the siege of Gibraltar. It
+also behaved with the greatest gallantry at Minden, and that is why on
+the 1st of August (Minden Day) the "Old Dozen" parade with a rose in
+the head-dress of each man. In connection with this they are also
+called the "Minden Boys."
+
+
+"The Peacemakers."
+
+The Bedfordshire Regiment were first known as the "Peacemakers" because
+at that time there were no battles on its colours. For the same reason
+no doubt they were also called "Bloodless Lambs." Another nickname of
+theirs is "The Old Bucks"--a title justified by their hard fighting in
+the Netherlands under William III. and also under Marlborough.
+
+
+"The Bengal Tigers."
+
+The Leicestershire Regiment gets its name from the Royal Green Tiger on
+its badge. This distinction was given it for a brilliant achievement in
+the Nepal War of 1814, when they captured a Standard bearing a tiger.
+They are also called "Lily Whites," from their white facings.
+
+
+"The Green Howards."
+
+The Yorkshire Regiment was commanded by Colonel Howard, and has green
+facings. They are also called "Howard's Garbage," and must not be
+confused with the 24th Foot, also once commanded by a Colonel Howard,
+and styled "Howard's Greens."
+
+
+"The Earl of Mar's Grey Breeks."
+
+The Royal Scots Fusiliers received this name from the colour of their
+breeches at the time the regiment was raised in 1678. "The Grey Breeks"
+wear a white plume in their head-dress--an honour bestowed in
+recognition of their services during the Boer War.
+
+
+"The Lightning Conductors."
+
+There is some doubt as to how the Cheshire Regiment acquired this name.
+But it may be connected in some way with the fact that at Dettingen,
+when George II. was attacked by the French Cavalry, they formed round
+him under an oak tree and drove the enemy off. In remembrance of this
+occasion the oak leaf is worn by them at all inspections and reviews in
+obedience to the wish of George II. when he plucked a leaf from the
+tree and handed it to the Commander. They are also known as the "Two
+Twos" from their number, the 22nd. Another of their names is "The Red
+Knights," because, when recruiting at Chelmsford in 1795, red jackets,
+breeches and waistcoats were served out to them instead of the proper
+uniform. This regiment, under the name of the "Soulsburg Grenadiers,"
+was under Wolfe when he was mortally wounded at Quebec.
+
+
+"The Nanny Goats."
+
+The Royal Welsh Fusiliers are known as "Nanny Goats" or "Royal Goats"
+because they always have a goat, with shields and garlands on its
+horns, marching bravely at the head of the drum. This has been their
+custom for over a hundred years. A glance at the back of their tunics
+reveals a small piece of silk known as a "flash." It has been there
+ever since the days when its office was to keep the powdered pigtail
+from soiling the tunic. The King is Colonel-in-Chief of the "Nanny
+Goats."
+
+
+"Howard's Greens."
+
+The South Wales Borderers were at one time commanded by a Colonel
+Howard. It was a company of this regiment which achieved immortal glory
+at Rorke's Drift, which they defended against 3,000 Zulus. In Africa
+they gained no less than eight V.C.'s. On the Queen's colour of each
+battalion may be seen a silver wreath. This was bestowed by Queen
+Victoria in memory of Lieutenants Melville and Coghill, who died to
+save the colours at Isandlhwana.
+
+
+"The Botherers."
+
+The King's Own Scottish Borderers--the only regiment that was allowed
+to beat up for recruits in Edinburgh without asking the Lord Provost's
+permission--were called "Botherers," partly on this account and partly
+by corruption from "Borderers." They bear also the name of "Leven's
+Regiment," from the remarkable fact that in 1689 they were raised by
+the Earl of Leven in Edinburgh, in the space of four hours. They are
+also known as the "K.O.B.s."
+
+
+"The Cameronians."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the Scottish Rifles are the descendants of the
+Glasgow Cameronian Guard which was raised during the Revolution of 1688
+from the Cameronians, a strict set of Presbyterians founded by
+Archibald Cameron, the martyr. The 2nd Battalion is known as "Sir
+Thomas Graham's Perthshire Grey Breeks." It received this name from the
+fact that when Lord Moira ordered the regiment to be equipped and
+trained as a Light Infantry Corps, their uniforms consisted of a red
+jacket faced with buff, over a red waistcoat, with buff tights and
+Hessians for the officers, and light grey pantaloons for the men. Both
+battalions now wear dark green doublets and tartan "trews."
+
+
+"The Slashers."
+
+The Gloucestershire Regiment derives its name of "Slashers" from its
+achievements in the battle of the White Plains in 1777. There is
+another story, however, that the name arose from a report that, on one
+occasion, a magistrate having refused shelter to the women of the
+regiment during a severe winter, some of the officers disguised
+themselves as Indians and slashed off both his ears. In Torres Straits
+there is a reef which is marked on the charts as the "Slashers' Reef"
+because, after the Khyber Pass disaster of 1842, the "Slashers" were on
+the way from Australia to India when the transport conveying them
+grounded on this reef. Their other name of the "Old Braggs" is derived
+from their Commander, General Braggs, of 1734. In regard to this there
+is the tradition of an order given by a wag of a Colonel when the "Old
+Braggs" were brigaded with other regiments with Royal Titles. The order
+runs:
+
+    "Neither Kings nor Queens nor Royal Marines,
+    But 28th Old Braggs;
+    Brass before and brass behind;
+    Ne'er feared a foe of any kind,--
+                Shoulder arms!"
+
+
+"The Vein Openers."
+
+The Worcestershire Regiment were dubbed "The Vein Openers" by the
+people of Boston, (U.S.A.) in 1770, because they were the first to draw
+blood in the preliminary disturbances before the war. After the
+Peninsular War they were called "Old and Bold." Another name for them
+is "Star of the Line," from the eight-pointed star on their pouches--a
+distinction peculiarly their own. The 2nd Battalion were known as the
+"Saucy Greens" from the colour of their facings and, presumably, their
+extreme sauciness.
+
+
+"The Young Buffs."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the East Surrey Regiment derived their nickname
+from a peculiar royal mistake. At the battle of Dettingen, King George
+II., mistaking them for the "3rd Buffs," called out "Bravo Old Buffs!"
+Being reminded that they were not the "Old Buffs" but the 31st, His
+Majesty at once corrected his cry to "Bravo, Young Buffs!" and the name
+has stuck to the battalion ever since. The 2nd Battalion was raised at
+Glasgow in 1756 and takes its name of "Glasgow Greys" from that and the
+facings of the uniform.
+
+
+"The Red Feathers."
+
+The 2nd Battalion of the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry gained their
+nickname by a signal act of defiant heroism. During the American War of
+Independence they learned that the enemy had marked them down as men to
+whom no quarter was to be given. On this the Light Company, wishing to
+restrict the full force of this threat to themselves, and to prevent
+others suffering by mistake, stained their plume feathers red as a
+distinguishing mark. For this fine act they were authorised to wear a
+red feather, and this honour is perpetuated in the red cloth of the
+helmet and cap badge and the red pughri worn on foreign service. Their
+other nickname "The Lacedæmonians" has a dash of grim humour in its
+origin. During the same war, at the time of all times when the men were
+under a withering fire, their Colonel made a long speech to them--all
+about the Lacedæmonians, a brave race enough, but terribly ignorant of
+rifle fire.
+
+
+"The Havercake Lads."
+
+The West Riding Regiment (The Duke of Wellington's) is said to have
+derived its nickname from the fact that the recruiting sergeants in the
+old days carried an oat cake on the points of their swords. There is a
+joke among "The Havercakes" as old as their first recruiting sergeant.
+This enterprising man was in the habit of addressing the Yorkshire
+crowd as follows: "Come, my lads; don't lose your time listening to
+what them foot sojers says about their ridgements. List in _my_
+ridgement and you'll be all right. Their ridgements are obliged to
+march on foot, but _my_ ridgement is the gallant 33rd, the First
+Yorkshire West _Riding_ Ridgement, and when ye join headquarters ye'll
+be all mounted on horses."
+
+The 2nd Battalion is known as "The Immortals," from the fact that in
+the Indian wars under Lord Lake every man bore the marks of wounds.
+They were also called "The Seven and Sixpennies" from their number
+(76th) and from the fact that seven and sixpence represented a
+lieutenant's pay.
+
+
+"The Orange Lilies."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment was named "The Orange
+Lilies" from their early facings, orange, a mark of favour from William
+III., in 1701, and the white plume taken from the Roussillon French
+Grenadiers at Quebec in 1759. They were originally called "The Belfast
+Regiment" then "The Prince of Orange's Own." The orange facings were
+replaced by blue in 1832, and the white plumes disappeared in 1810; but
+the white (Roussillon) plume is still a badge of the Royal Sussex.
+
+
+"The Pump and Tortoise."
+
+The 1st Battalion South Staffordshire Regiment earned half their
+nickname from their extreme sobriety and the other half from the slow
+way they set about their work when actually stationed at Malta. The 2nd
+Battalion is known as "The Staffordshire Knots."
+
+
+"Sankey's Horse."
+
+The 2nd Battalion Dorsetshire Regiment, under Colonel Sankey in 1707,
+arrived at Almanza during the battle mounted on mules, hence the term
+"Sankey's Horse," applied to a foot regiment. They were the first
+King's regiment to land in India, in memory of which they have for
+their motto "Primus in Indis." In 1742 the regiment was popularly known
+as "The Green Linnets" from the "sad green" facings of its uniform. The
+2nd Battalion acquired the name of "The Flamers" from their large share
+in the destruction of the town and stores of New London, together with
+twelve privateers, by fire in 1781.
+
+
+"The Excellers."
+
+This name was fastened upon the 1st Battalion South Lancashire Regiment
+from its number (XL the 40th). It is also known as "The Fighting
+Fortieth." Until its amalgamation with the 82nd it had the honour of
+being next to the Royal Scots in the number of battle honours on its
+colour.
+
+
+"The 1st Invalids."
+
+The 1st Battalion Welsh Regiment is set down in old Army Lists under
+this name because it was first raised as a regiment of Invalids, in
+1719. In George II's, time it was known as "Wardour's Regiment." The
+nickname of the 2nd Battalion is a curious play on words--or rather
+figures. They are called the "Ups and Downs" because their number
+(69th) reads the same when inverted. The 69th are also called "The Old
+Agamemnons," a fancy title bestowed on them by Lord Nelson at St.
+Vincent after the name of his ship, on which a detachment was serving
+as marines.
+
+
+"The Black Watch."
+
+The Royal Highlanders won this honoured name from the sombre colour of
+their tartan some ten years before their Highland Companies were formed
+into a regiment known as "The Highland Regiment." Its first Colonel,
+Lord Crawford, being a lowlander, had no family tartan, so, it is said,
+this special tartan was devised. The bright colours in the various
+tartans are said to have been extracted, leaving only the dark green
+ground. The French, under the impression that in their own mountainous
+country they ran wild and naked, called them "Sauvages d'Ecosse." The
+red hackle in their bonnets was won at Guildermalsen in 1794.
+
+
+"The Cauliflowers."
+
+The Loyal North Lancashire Regiment have this nickname from the former
+colour of the facings of the 1st Battalion. They are also called "The
+Lancashire Lads." After Quebec the 47th were nicknamed "Wolfe's Own"
+and to this day the officers of both battalions wear a black worm in
+their lace gold as a sign of sorrow for their general's death. This is
+the only regiment that is officially styled "Loyal," the 2nd Battalion
+having been known prior to 1881 as the 81st (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers).
+
+
+"The Steelbacks."
+
+This is the name applied to the Northamptonshire Regiment because of
+the unflinching way in which they took their floggings. While under
+Wellington in the Peninsular War one, Hovenden, a private, was flogged
+for breach of discipline. At the twentieth stroke he fainted and this
+so disgusted his comrades that on his recovery they cut him dead. Much
+annoyed at this Hovenden marched up to the Colonel and called him a
+fool, and for this he was ordered to be flogged again. That night the
+regiment was attacked by the French, and Hovenden, evading the guard,
+arrived on the battlefield in time to see his Colonel captured by the
+enemy. With his musket he shot down the captors and then liberated the
+Colonel and bound up his wounds. After this he returned to make sure of
+his flogging, but was struck by a bullet and killed.
+
+The Northamptonshires have also the honoured name, "Heroes of
+Talavera," because they turned the tide of battle on that victorious
+day.
+
+  [Illustration: THE "DIE HARDS" AT ALBUERA.
+                _From a Painting by R Caton Woodville_]
+
+
+"The Blind Half Hundred."
+
+The 1st Battalion Royal West Kent Regiment suffered greatly from
+ophthalmia in Egypt in 1801, hence this nickname. They were called also
+"The Dirty Half Hundred" because the men, when in action in hot
+weather, used to wipe their faces with their black cuffs, with obvious
+results. Another of their names is "The Devil's Royals," and yet
+another "The Gallant 50th"--this last because at Vimiera, in 1807, 900
+of them routed 5,307 of the enemy.
+
+
+"The Kolis."
+
+The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry derive their name of "Kolis"
+from their initials. The name often takes the corrupted form of
+"Coalies."
+
+
+"The Die-Hards."
+
+The 1st Battalion Duke of Cambridge's Own (Middlesex Regiment) were
+styled "Die Hards" from the memorable words of Inglis at Albuera: "Die
+hard, my men; die hard!"--words which were endorsed by Stanley at
+Inkerman when he said: "Die hard! Remember Albuera!" The 2nd Battalion
+are called "The Pothooks," from their number (77).
+
+
+"The Royal American Provincials."
+
+This distinguished popular name was bestowed on the King's Royal Rifle
+Corps because they were raised in America.
+
+
+"The Bloodsuckers."
+
+The Manchester Regiment appear to have acquired this name from general
+and warlike reasons. The 1st Battalion displayed great courage and
+steadiness in the defence of Ladysmith. The 2nd Battalion was formerly
+the "Minorca Regiment" and became part of the Line in 1804 as the 97th
+(Queen's German) Regiment, becoming later the 96th Foot.
+
+
+"The Strada Reale Highlanders."
+
+The Gordon Highlanders (92nd and 75th) would propound a riddle to you:
+What is the difference between the 92nd and the 75th? The answer is
+that the 92nd are real Highlanders, and the 75th are Real(e)
+Highlanders.
+
+
+"The Cia mar tha's."
+
+The Cameron Highlanders owe this nickname to Sir Allen Cameron, who
+raised the regiment. It was his word to everybody: "Cia mar tha!" (How
+d'ye do!)
+
+
+"The Garvies."
+
+The Connaught Rangers are called "Garvies" because their recruits, when
+first the regiment was raised, were both lean and raw. Now a "garvie"
+is a small herring.
+
+
+"The Blue Caps."
+
+At the time of the relief of Cawnpore, a despatch of Nana Sahib was
+intercepted, containing a reference to those "blue-capped English
+soldiers who fought like devils." These "Blue-Caps" were the Madras
+Fusiliers, then a "John Company" regiment, but now the 1st Battalion
+Royal Dublin Fusiliers. The name was later stamped in perpetuity by
+Havelock, at the bridge of Charbagh. The question was put to him by
+Outram as to who could possibly carry the bridge under so deadly a
+fire. "My Blue Caps!" replied Havelock, and his faith in them was
+justified, for they carried it against overwhelming odds. The Bombay
+Fusiliers (another "John Company" regiment) now the 2nd Battalion Royal
+Dublin Fusiliers, have an equally distinguished record. They have been
+known as "The Old Toughs."
+
+
+
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+
+
+
+THE 5TH DRAGOON GUARDS
+
+(CADOGAN'S HORSE).
+
+
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were raised by the Earl of Shrewsbury to support
+James against "King Monmouth" at Sedgmoor. For the same reasons that
+"Britons never, never will be slaves," they refused, on consideration,
+to support James, and sided with William, for whom they threw in their
+weight at the Boyne. They were also at a former siege of Namur, and
+bore themselves bravely at Blenheim.
+
+The story is told that, after that battle, a Sunday Church parade was
+called, in which the British army deployed to fire a volley of victory,
+and Marshal Tallard, who was a prisoner, was reluctantly present on
+that occasion. After the volley, the Duke of Marlborough turned to
+Tallard, and asked what he thought of the British army. "Well enough,"
+replied Tallard, shrugging his shoulders, "but the troops they
+defeated, why, those are the best soldiers in the world!" "If that is
+so," said the Duke, "what will the world think of the fellows who
+thrashed them?" All obvious enough, but the Duke would never have slept
+quietly in his bed if he had left it unstated.
+
+At Salamanca, with the 3rd and 4th Light Dragoons, the 5th Dragoon
+Guards carved their way through a treble thickness of French army
+columns, under a heavy fire. For this marvellous achievement
+"Salamanca" is writ large on their colours.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Vestigia nulla retrorsum."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Salamanca, Vittoria, Toulouse, Peninsula, Balaclava, Sevastopol,
+    S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, dark green facings, red and white plume.
+
+
+
+
+THE CARABINIERS
+
+("TICHBORNE'S OWN.")
+
+    "It is your sex that makes us go forth to fight....
+    It is your sex who cherish our memories."
+
+    _Nelson._
+
+
+There is not a woman in our vast Empire who has not good cause to
+regard with admiration and gratitude those noble protectors and
+terrible avengers of the honour of their sex--the Carabiniers. During
+the Indian Mutiny--but first a brief word as to their history.
+
+It dates from the time of Monmouth's rebellion, when they were raised
+by Lord Lumley to support King James. Owing to the fact, however, that
+Lord Lumley was no supporter of the king's tyrannies, the regiment
+seceded, and later, when the Prince of Orange landed, threw in their
+lot with him whole-heartedly. Their title, "The Carabiniers," was
+bestowed upon them in recognition of the great part they played in the
+battle of the Boyne, for William had in mind the famous carabiniers of
+Louis XIV.
+
+In the list of the glories of the Carabiniers is Aughrim. Macaulay says
+about this occasion: "St. Ruth laughed when he saw the Carabiniers and
+the Blues struggling through a morass under a fire which, at every
+moment, laid some gallant hat and feather on the earth." "What did they
+mean?" he asked, and then he swore it was a pity to see such fine
+fellows marching to certain destruction. Nevertheless, at the issue of
+that business, it was he, and his troops, that reaped the destruction.
+
+It was some little time later that the Carabiniers saved the situation
+for King William at Landen, by an obstinate stand against his pursuers,
+while he crossed the bridge. As Corporal Trim in "Tristram Shandy"
+says; "If it had not been for the regiments of Wyndham, (_i.e._, the
+Carabiniers) Lumley and Galway, which covered the retreat over the
+bridge at Neerspecken, the king himself could scarcely have gained it."
+
+In three continents the Carabiniers have fought their way to an exalted
+fame. At Ramillies they captured the standard of the Royal Regiment of
+Bombardiers of France. At Malplaquet they measured steel and courage
+with the formidable Household Brigade of France and came out
+victorious. And from that time onward their glorious career can be
+traced through Europe, Asia and Africa in such clear lines that the
+enemy who runs has read.
+
+But it was during the time of the Indian Mutiny that they performed
+feats of valour for which we British men, as well as the women, owe
+them heartfelt gratitude. They were among the reinforcements sent out
+to stay the terrible tide of massacre and rapine. How they struggled
+for life and empire at Delhi; repulsed the rebels outside Lucknow with
+fearful carnage, with loss of their leader; and, finally, when Lucknow
+had fallen, pursued the rebels with relentless wrath, dealing vengeance
+with a heavy hand--all this has been written by many pens. It has been
+the theme to make the driest book most vivid reading. It was the story
+of stern, ruthless punishment and revenge for the horrible crimes
+committed by the then unregenerate Sepoy against helpless women and
+children--crimes of torture, murder, wholesale massacre, and
+unconceivable outrage.
+
+One has only to remember the horrible atrocities of the Indian Mutiny
+to acquit the Carabiniers of any charge of undue ferocity; one has only
+to remember Cawnpore, and the women and the babies, in order to admire
+their offices of stern, relentless retribution. And all this happened
+at the very time when all London was celebrating the centenary of the
+sublime victory of Plassey, and the brilliant acquisition of the Indian
+Empire under the genius of Clive.
+
+When, at Meerut, on that never-to-be-forgotten Sunday, they pursued the
+fiends responsible for that awful massacre, the Carabiniers, together
+with the 60th Rifles drew a very determined line between righteous
+revenge and feeble long-sufferance; between just wrath, that
+ever-potential factor in heroic blood: primitive wrath, and its cognate
+barbarity of act. "Remember the women! Remember the babies!" ran
+through the ranks on that occasion; and, with one heart and mind, the
+Carabiniers and the 60th, an avenging host, pursued the rebels, and cut
+them to pieces, right up to the very gates of Delhi, imprecating as
+they slew. And well they might be forgiven for that. Never were the
+lives of the innocent and defenceless so quickly, terribly, yet justly
+avenged; never has a more awful nemesis from human hands fallen upon
+the destroyers of women and women's honour. And, remembering all this,
+we defend it and uphold it, for we know full well that, in this present
+war, the barbarities and atrocities committed by an unprincipled enemy
+must again meet with this righteous kind of vengeance. And, if it is
+the traditional and special aspiration of the Carabiniers of to-day to
+cry "Remember Louvain! Remember the women and babies of Belgium!" shall
+we say "Hold and spare!" No! shall we say, "Vengeance is God's: God
+will repay!" Yes, with all our heart and soul; and what better agency
+for repayment than that of our noble Carabiniers! They are not of the
+kind to repay barbarity with barbarity; but they are of the kind to use
+their swords with singular effect, and like English gentlemen, whose
+special office it is to wreak proper vengeance to-day as in the past on
+the destroyers of women and children.
+
+At Gungaree the Carabiniers lost three of their officers, but for this
+they took a heavy toll. Meeting the rebels three days later, they
+defeated them completely, taking their leaders prisoners. Again the
+terrible work began. Hotly they pursued the flying rebels, and put them
+to the sword without a show of quarter. Rebel blood flowed like water
+for the rebel deeds they had committed against right and honour.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Sevastopol, Delhi, Afghanistan 1879-80, S. Africa 1889-1902, Relief
+    of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, white facings, white plume.
+
+  [Illustration: CHARGE OF SCOTS GREYS AT WATERLOO.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+
+
+
+THE SCOTS GREYS
+
+("SECOND TO NONE")
+
+    "Greys, gallant Greys! I am 61 years old, but, if I were young
+    again, I should like to be one of you."--_Sir Colin Campbell at
+    Balaclava._
+
+
+The 2nd Dragoons (Royal Scots Greys), whose motto is "Second to None,"
+are pictured to British eyes and imaginations in that wonderful
+painting, "Scotland for Ever." The Charge of the Light Brigade, great
+and glorious as it was, is, and ever will be, is perpetually linked
+with the Charge of the Heavy Brigade, under Scarlett, when, faced with
+a vastly superior force of the enemy, it offered such heroic
+assistance, that, had it not been for this, the glory of the immortal
+six hundred might not have been sung in the same triumphant voice. It
+was a gallant feat on the part of the "Heavies"--a feat which, though
+somewhat overshadowed by the dazzling "Charge of the Six Hundred," was
+nevertheless greatly influential in turning the tide of battle.
+
+(Inseparately connected with the Scots Greys at the front to-day, is
+the Prince of Wales' Royal Lancers--the 12th. At Salamanca the "supple
+12th" joined in the final charge which routed the French cavalry. At
+Vittoria the Greys saw Joseph deprived of his crown, and were
+fortunately present at the conquest of San Sebastian. In Egypt they won
+honours under Abercromby, and to-day the emblazonment of the mystic
+sphinx on their standard bears witness to the most heroic deeds. What
+they have done, that they can do, and their gallant deeds in the
+present super-war show that while the Scots Greys are still second to
+none, the 12th Lancers are among the first in every glorious deed.)
+
+The charge of the Greys and Inniskillings has been graphically
+described by many writers. Perhaps the words "Up the hill, up the hill,
+up the hill," describe most vividly the terrific struggle. But Kinglake
+tells the story tensely:
+
+    "As lightning flashes through a cloud, the Greys and Inniskillings
+    pierced through the dark masses of the Russians. The shock was but
+    for a moment. There was a clash of steel, and a light play of sword
+    blades in the air, and then the Greys and the Red Coats disappeared
+    in the midst of the shaken and quivering columns. In another moment
+    we saw them marching in diminished numbers, and charging against
+    the second line.... The first line of Russians, which had been
+    utterly smashed by our charge, were coming back to swallow up our
+    handful of men. By sheer steel and sheer courage, Inniskilliner and
+    Scot were winning their desperate way right through the enemies'
+    squadrons."
+
+When we read to-day that the 5th British Cavalry Brigade, under General
+Chetwode, fought a brilliant action with German cavalry, in the course
+of which the 12th Lancers and Royal Scots Greys routed the enemy,
+spearing large numbers in flight, our thoughts fly back to the old
+days, when the 12th Lancers and the "Second to Nones" anticipated these
+feats of valour.
+
+It was at Ramillies that the Scots Greys galloped straight through a
+difficult morass, with an infantry battle raging round them. On they
+went, till they gained the approach to the heights beyond. Then they
+dashed up the steep acclivity to the heights, and down the other side,
+where they thundered like an avalanche on the enemy's Household
+Brigade. The impact of that sudden crash seemed to shake the
+battlefield. Says one who was there: "The crash of our meeting rose
+above the noise of battle; it was like sudden thunder." The French
+fought with the utmost desperation, but they were matched this time,
+not with nondescript and poorly trained Continental troops, but with
+picked British, and were literally swept away before the Scots Greys.
+Many battalions of infantry under their protection were cut to pieces
+by the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons, the predecessors of
+the 5th (Royal Irish) Lancers. Still the Greys pursued their
+devastating career through Autreglise, and, at a point beyond, overtook
+the French Régiment du Roi, and secured its surrender. All that night,
+like flying demons, they pursued the retreating enemy, and what they
+did is traditionally summed up in the fact that they returned with no
+less than sixteen standards--truly a noble achievement!
+
+Again, at Malplaquet, the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons came
+up against their old enemies the French Household Brigade. In three
+victorious charges they sustained the honour of their old victories
+over them, routing them utterly. Fate seems specially to have designed
+the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish to combat the French Household
+Brigade in days gone by, for, on many occasions when they have met, the
+pride of the latter has fallen before the valour of the former. Not
+only at Malplaquet, but also at Dettingen, the Greys, having cut their
+way through the French Cuirassiers, launched themselves irresistibly
+upon the French Household Cavalry. On this occasion, they swept them
+from the banks of the river, and wrested from them their crowning
+glory--their white standard of damask, embroidered with gold and
+silver, bearing in its centre a thunderbolt above their motto "Sensere
+Gigantes." So to-day it may be said that the giants who fell three
+times before the Scots Greys are now in the company of the Brobdignags.
+
+Some other battles in which the Greys multiplied their glories are as
+follow:--Drouet, Oudenarde, Bethune, St. Venant, Aire, Bouchain,
+Sheriffmuir, and Fontenoy.
+
+Apart, and not yet apart, from their glorious traditions of battle, the
+Greys have a peculiar romance centring round one of their number, who
+fought for long years in their midst before it was ultimately
+discovered that their comrade of many fights was a woman. How, why, and
+where Christian Davies (née Cavanagh) first entered the army is a
+matter of some doubt, but we first hear of her in the Netherlands as a
+private soldier, whither, as the story goes, she had gone to find her
+husband. Here she lived the life of the ordinary soldier, and
+maintained her disguise through everything, even flirting with the
+Dutch girls to such an extent that she was forced to fight a duel with
+a jealous sergeant, whom she wounded severely. On account of this she
+was obliged to leave the regiment, but immediately joined the Scots
+Greys. While living and fighting with these, she discovered her
+husband, but, being enamoured of the free soldier's life more than of
+him, she bade him wait till the conclusion of the war. Mean while, at
+her desire, he and she passed as brothers.
+
+It was during the charge of the Scots Greys at Ramillies that Christian
+Davies met with a serious wound at the hands of a French dragoon, and,
+being brought to hospital, she confessed, to the surprise and
+admiration of all, that she was a woman. On her recovery, she still
+accompanied the army, as a vivandière, in which capacity she was
+extremely popular. Ultimately, when the terrors of war had made her
+twice a widow, she returned to England, where Queen Anne graciously
+received her in audience, and presented her with a bounty of £50,
+together with a pension of 1s. a day. At her funeral in Chelsea, in
+1739, she was accorded full military honours, and all the Scots Greys,
+at least, know well that three full volleys were fired above her grave.
+
+It is worth noting that the Royal Scots Greys, who, in the past, have
+fought fiercely against the Russians, have now as their Colonel-in-Chief
+H.I.M. Nicolas II., Emperor of Russia, K.G.--no longer an enemy, but a
+friend and an ally.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Thistle within the Circle and Motto of the Order of
+    the Thistle. An Eagle.
+
+    MOTTO.--"1546."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Dettingen, Waterloo, Balaclava, Sevastopol, S. Africa 1899-1902,
+    Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, blue facings, white plume.
+
+
+
+
+15TH HUSSARS (THE KING'S)
+
+("ELLIOT'S LIGHT HORSE.")
+
+    "Merebimur."--_Their Motto._
+
+
+One of the most thrilling and romantic episodes in cavalry fighting is
+the historic achievement of the 15th Hussars at Emsdorf. It was in
+July, 1760, that Major Erskine halted his troopers near the German
+village of Emsdorf, and bade them pluck the fresh twigs from the
+overhanging oaks, with a word of exhortation to the effect that they
+would acquit themselves with the firmness and stubbornness which have
+always been ascribed to that symbolic tree. Not long after this, the
+15th formed part of the Prince of Brunswick's troops, which had
+surrounded six battalions of French infantry, together with some
+artillery, and a regiment of hussars. The enemy eventually broke
+through, and fled, pursued by the 15th, who were unassisted. So hot was
+the pursuit, and so terrible the punishment inflicted by our hussars,
+that the enemy was forced to surrender no less than 177 officers, 2,482
+men, nine guns, six pairs of colours, and all the rams and baggage.
+
+All England rang with this achievement of the 15th Light Dragoons, and
+never has a squadron received so whole-hearted a eulogy as that
+contained in the General Order issued by the Prince of Brunswick. For
+many a day "Elliott's Regiment" bore "Emsdorf" on its guidons and
+appointments, while upon their helmets was written, "Five battalions of
+French defeated and taken by this regiment, with their colours, and
+nine pieces of cannon. Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." Now, as the regiment
+has become Hussars, the helmet has given place to the busby with no
+inscription; the guidons have disappeared, but the name "Emsdorf" may
+still be seen on the drum-cloth.
+
+The 15th were prominent in all the achievements of our army during the
+next few years of that campaign. Many are the stories of dashing
+assault, grim fighting and heroic rescue, related of them during that
+time. When the Duke of Brunswick was surrounded by French Hussars at
+Friedburg, and it seemed impossible to prevent his capture, the 15th
+Hussars clapped spurs to their horses, and, with a terrific yell, swept
+down upon the French at full gallop. It was a body of determined men
+against overwhelming numbers; for, when they had driven back the
+hussars, they were still involved with the converging squadrons. But,
+with desperate valour they held their own until they had extricated
+their leader, and then they rode back, leaving double their number of
+the enemy dead on the field.
+
+The 15th Hussars were in the thick of the fight at Waterloo, and they
+bravely upheld that honour. After suffering great loss in the enemy's
+fire they made a dashing charge through storms of lead from both flanks
+against a superior force of cuirassiers, whom they drove back with
+heavy losses. The Official Record states: "From this period the
+regiment made furious charges ... at one moment it was cutting down the
+musketeers, at the next it was engaged with lancers, and, when these
+were driven back, it encountered cuirassiers." For this glorious
+exploit they paid honourably with three officers, two sergeants, and
+twenty-three privates killed; seven officers, three sergeants and forty
+privates wounded.
+
+The 15th Hussars rendered heroic service in the Afghan War of 1878-80,
+when the treacherous Shere Ali was discovered favouring Russian
+intrigue. Many were the brilliant achievements of the 15th during this
+war, from Ali Musjid up to the investment of the Sherpur Cantonments,
+the final relief by Gough's Brigade, and the complete victory at
+Kandahar.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The Crest of England within the Garter.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Merebimur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Emsdorf, Villers-en-Couché, Egmont-op-Zee,
+    Sahagun, Vittoria, Peninsula, Waterloo, Afghanistan 1878-80.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, scarlet busby-bag and plume.
+
+
+
+
+18TH HUSSARS
+
+(DROGHEDA LIGHT HORSE)
+
+
+The generic name of the 18th Hussars (Drogheda Light Horse) was
+bestowed specifically upon the corps raised in Ireland in 1759 by the
+Marquis of Drogheda, and numbered as the 19th Light Dragoons. It was
+renumbered as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1763, became a Hussar corps in
+1807, and was disbanded as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1821.
+
+The present 18th Hussars were raised at Leeds in 1858, and inherited
+the honours of the Drogheda Light Horse proper. The silver trumpets
+used by the Drogheda Light Horse, and now in the possession of the 18th
+Hussars, were provided out of the proceeds of the sale of the captured
+horses at the Battle of Waterloo. The motto of the 18th Hussars is "Pro
+Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria Conamur" (We fight for King, Law, and
+Country).
+
+There is a traditional romance in the annals of the 18th Hussars which
+has its confirmation in modern history. A beautiful Spanish lady,
+finding herself a refugee with Wellington's forces in the Peninsula,
+fell in love with a young English officer named Harry Smith, and
+married him. By statesmanship and prowess in war he rose to be Sir
+Harry Smith, who commanded the forces that defeated the Boers at
+Boomplatz. Subsequently, the town of Ladysmith was so named after his
+wife. In this way the Peninsula is linked with South Africa in the
+annals of the 18th Hussars, not only by equal deeds in each campaign,
+but by a never-to-be-forgotten romance of real life.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS. ETC.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Pro Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria conamur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1899-1902,
+    Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, blue bushy-bag, scarlet and white plume.
+
+
+
+
+THE GRENADIER GUARDS
+
+("THE OLD EYES")
+
+    "Though old in glory and honour
+      They have yet the vigour of youth."
+
+
+High in the estimation of every son and daughter of Britain stands that
+heroic band, the British Grenadiers. Their deeds have brought a fine
+thrill to every heart, and a stirring song to every voice; and, though
+there have been times when a pall of necessary silence, covering a
+"certain liveliness," has been imposed by the fog of a world-war, we
+have felt calmly assured that behind that fog our British Grenadiers
+were doing, or dying, in a way that must awaken the old thrill, and
+inspire a new song.
+
+It has always been one of the greatest aids to success in battle to sum
+up the daring deeds of the past; the successes against fearful odds;
+the forlorn hopes bravely led; the breaches filled with our British
+dead; the stubborn resistance, and sometimes complete annihilation of
+one part for the success of the whole; the lofty sacrifice of the
+foremost, so that the hindmost may turn the tide of battle; and the
+heroic dash to certain death, which has always given birth to victory.
+And this aid of tradition has been accorded by their own deeds, and by
+the nation's appreciation, to none more strongly than to the British
+Grenadiers.
+
+Yet it must be remembered that the Grenadier Guards, though they share
+the honour and glory of all Grenadiers, were never really Grenadiers
+proper. They won the name at Waterloo, where they vanquished the French
+Grenadiers. Sharing the name, they share and perpetuate the memory of
+the song, which in the first place referred to the Grenadiers who threw
+the grenades "from the glacis." But, as a good old British song may
+gain in volume as it rolls down the years, there is no reason why the
+well-known air in question should not attach to the Grenadier Guards.
+
+Well does the historian say that "their annals indeed may almost be
+said to be identical with those of the British Army, as in every
+campaign of importance--every campaign which has had a material bearing
+on the fortunes of the Commonwealth--their services have been called
+into requisition. They have shared in our greatest battles. Their
+serried ranks stood firm at Fontenoy; turned the tide of battle at
+Quatre Bras; withstood unshaken the assaults of Napoleon's brilliant
+chivalry at Waterloo, and ascended with stately movement the bristling
+heights of the Alma."
+
+Mr. J. J. Hart, who was with the Grenadiers in the Boer War, gives a
+graphic description of the battle near Senekal:
+
+    "With the advent of quick-firing guns," says he, "the ancient
+    magnificence of armies in battle array has disappeared for ever....
+    There is no shining armour; there are no waving plumes; and the
+    blare of the trumpet is unheard. Watch those grey-clad figures as
+    they silently scatter over the plain. They are the colour of the
+    withered grass of the veldt. No two will walk together lest they
+    should be a more conspicuous mark for those deadly guns. See them
+    as they walk with bent heads. You might compare them to poachers or
+    partridge-shooters travelling over a moor, only their advance is
+    more cautious....
+
+    "It was noon, and my battalion had halted on the plain. Far away
+    for miles on our right the battle was raging, and, we with our
+    grand fighting history, were left to act the inglorious part of
+    lying on the grass waiting to cut off a possible retreat of the
+    enemy. (Col.) Bunker stamped and swore and chewed his moustache....
+    Confusion to the General who crushed the flower of the British
+    infantry so; but it was orders, and soldiers must obey. The Boers,
+    however, were more generous to us than the General, and, in the
+    working out of a little plan of their own, they were destined to
+    cover us with wounds if not with glory. While we were lying musing
+    on our fate, and thinking if the news of our being left out of the
+    action should ever reach London, what we might expect at the hands
+    of our enemies the cabdrivers, a force of Boers, of whose presence
+    on a hill about half a mile in front we were blissfully ignorant,
+    were preparing to open fire on us. They began proceedings by
+    killing Bunker's horse with a percussion shell, which dropped right
+    under him, and blew the animal to bits. Our artillery soon limbered
+    up and replied to the shot, keeping up a continuous fire for about
+    an hour, when, as they were unable to silence the gun, we advanced
+    to take it by assault. We moved towards the hill in short rushes,
+    lying down every fifty yards to fire a volley. The Boer shells
+    which exploded between our extended line did little damage, and it
+    looked as if we were going to make an easy capture of the gun. If
+    there were any rifles on the hill they were certainly very careful
+    about reserving their fire. We had got within 500 yards of the base
+    of the hill, and had risen to make another rush when the rattling
+    noise of a thousand rifle bolts together came to our ears. The
+    whole of the front rank went down at the first volley; evidently
+    the marksmen on the hill had taken very careful aim; then there
+    followed a veritable hailstorm of lead, in the face of which no man
+    could advance and live. We remained lying down and firing in the
+    same position for about five hours.
+
+    "The shadows of night were falling, and still the firing was kept
+    up without intermission; when a new danger was observed to threaten
+    us. A shell had ignited the long grass in our rear and a light
+    breeze which was blowing soon turned the spark into a
+    conflagration. The Boers, observing this, extended their flanks on
+    our right and left, thus completely cutting off our retreat. Then
+    followed a scene of tumult which is hard to describe. Wounded men
+    who were unable to move ... gazed with wild staring eyes at the
+    flames, which, slowly but surely, crept towards them. Our left wing
+    made one desperate rush to charge the Boers, but had to fall before
+    the leaden hail. When the flames drew near many of our men made
+    heroic efforts to remove our wounded through the blinding smoke and
+    flame.... Others pulled their helmets over their faces and rushed
+    through the fire. In all this confusion I noticed one man who
+    showed rare presence of mind. He was badly wounded, and, being
+    unable to get out of reach of the flames, he took some matches from
+    his pocket and burnt the grass near him. He then crawled on to the
+    black ground, and thus secured for himself a comparatively safe
+    position when the fire approached him. The flames were now upon us,
+    and fighting had ceased. Two men picked me up where I lay wounded,
+    and, rushing with me through the flames, threw me down on the other
+    side, and ran.... The fire burned itself out at the foot of the
+    hill, and then all was darkness till the moon, shining out, showed
+    us the blackened bodies of the dead, and men writhing in pain on
+    the burned earth.
+
+    "Now the Boers came amongst us, and, passing from one wounded man
+    to another, gave us water from their bottles. Then we heard a
+    crackling of whips and a rumbling of wheels. The Boers left us, and
+    we knew the ambulance wagons were coming."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR COLOURS, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    THE KING'S COLOURS.--1st Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre the
+    Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired proper. 2nd Battn., Gules
+    (crimson): in the centre the Royal Cypher reversed and interlaced
+    or, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired
+    proper, in the dexter canton the Union. 3rd Battn.: as for 2nd
+    Battn., and for distinction, issuing from the Union in bend dexter,
+    a pile wavy or.
+
+    REGIMENTAL COLOURS.--The Union: in the centre a company badge
+    ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired proper.
+    The thirty company badges are borne in rotation, three at a time,
+    one on the regimental colour of each of the Battns.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Dettingen, Lincelles, Corunna, Barrosa, Peninsula, Waterloo, Alma,
+    Inkerman, Sevastopol, Egypt 1882, Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1885,
+    Khartoum, S. Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS
+
+("THE NULLI SECONDUS CLUB")
+
+    "Sire! this regiment refuses to be known as second to any in the
+    British Army."--_Monk_ (_to Charles II._)
+
+
+History tells again how, in 1661, Charles, distrusting the soldiers in
+his service, called the 1st Foot Guards back to England. Following upon
+this, he speedily dismissed his Commonwealth soldiers, and, of all the
+Puritan regiments, he retained but one--the Coldstream Guards. This was
+the regiment which Monk had marched from Coldstream to the King's aid;
+hence their retention. An interesting story is related about them. It
+is said that when they were ordered to lay down their arms in
+repudiation of the Commonwealth, and commanded to resume them again, as
+the 2nd Foot Guards, they stood obstinately defiant, on the verge of
+mutiny. King Charles was dumbfounded, but Monk was equal to the
+situation. "Sire," he said, "this regiment refuses to be known as
+second to any in the British Army." On this, Charles, who was quick to
+the occasion with unworded gratitude for their timely help in a
+critical situation, cried: "Coldstream Guards, take up your arms!" and
+from that time forward they have been the Coldstream Guards.
+
+Who can ever forget the glorious achievement of the Coldstream Guards
+at St. Amand in 1793? As soon as the Brigade of Guards gained contact
+with our then Allies-the Prussians and the Austrians--General
+Knobelsdorf, of the Prussian Army, welcomed them with, "I have reserved
+for the Coldstream Guards the honour, the especial glory, of dislodging
+the French from their entrenchments. As British troops you have only to
+show yourselves, and the enemy will retire."
+
+The Coldstreamers rather wondered at his flowery flattery. They did
+not know, and he omitted to tell them, that the honour he had
+reserved for them was one which had been offered three times to
+5,000 Austrians and three times missed by them, with a loss of 1,700
+men. The Coldstreamers, therefore, prepared for the battle in complete
+ignorance of the fact that they were expected to do, with 600 rank and
+file, what 5,000 Austrians had failed to accomplish in three attempts.
+Not that it would have made much difference, for the British soldier
+can always count on doing the impossible about fifty times in a
+century.
+
+The Coldstreamers, ready and eager, moved to the attack, and the
+Prussian General moved with them as far as safety would permit; then,
+desirous apparently that they should achieve this "especial glory"
+without any interference from him, he waved them on with his sword and
+magnanimously galloped away.
+
+Hell opened then on the Coldstream Guards. The wood before them spurted
+flame. Batteries from right and left lumbered up, and, under cover of
+the undergrowth, tore lanes through them at close range. Never, up to
+that time, in the history of battles, had there been such quick and
+fearful slaughter of our troops. In a few minutes two of the companies
+were reduced by one-half. Ensign Howard went down with the colours, and
+on every hand rank and file were blown to pieces. Sergeant-Major
+Darling, one of the many heroes of that awful fight, had one arm
+shattered by a cannon ball, but he fought on with the other with such
+tenacity that his deeds were afterwards described as "prodigies of
+valour." A French officer, seeing so many men go down before him,
+pressed forward and engaged him in a fierce combat. But Darling laid
+him low and continued his terrible work until another ball carried away
+one of his legs. Thus, bereft of a leg and an arm, he was taken
+prisoner. General Knobelsdorf, the Prussian, lived through that day,
+but many, too many, of the Coldstreamers went to their last account,
+fighting gloriously. You may, under some conditions, beat a
+Coldstreamer, but you will never, never convince him that you have done
+so.
+
+At Inkerman the Coldstream Guards, a few hundred strong, actually stood
+up to 4,000 Russians for a time, during which there was the bloodiest
+struggle ever witnessed. The fight was round the Sandbag Battery, where
+700 British had held their own until reinforced by the Guards, and it
+was of such a nature that each guard must needs be a small battalion on
+his own account to do any good at all. Back to back the Coldstreamers
+fought till their ammunition was exhausted. Then they took their
+muskets and clubbed the pressing hosts in such fashion that they made
+space enough to form into line. Thus, with levelled steel, they
+charged. The enemy was thrown into utter confusion by their terrific
+onslaught, and, taking advantage of this, the Coldstreamers regained
+their own lines, having inflicted tremendous loss.
+
+And the Russian in Germany to-day knows all about it. He has not
+forgotten the Coldstreamer of former days, any more than the
+Coldstreamer has forgotten the glorious deeds of the Russian; and, no
+doubt, if they could sit by the same camp-fire, many such a battle
+story would be told, through the interpreter, of those good old days
+"when we flew at each other's throats."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR COLOURS.
+
+    THE KING'S COLOURS.--1st Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre the
+    Star of the Order of the Garter proper, ensigned with the Imperial
+    Crown; in base the Sphinx superscribed Egypt. 2nd Battn., Gules
+    (crimson): in the centre a star of eight points argent within the
+    garter, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base the Sphinx
+    superscribed Egypt, in the "dexter" canton the Union. 3rd Battn.,
+    as for the 1st Battn., and for difference in the dexter canton, the
+    Union and issuing therefrom in bend dexter a pile wavy or.
+
+
+
+
+THE ROYAL SCOTS
+
+("PONTIUS PILATE'S BODY GUARD")
+
+    "A volley, my lads, and then the steel!"--_Their Captain at
+    Wepener._
+
+
+The Royal Scots (1st Foot, or Lothian Regiment) are old in story.
+Several hundreds of years before the battle of Blenheim, which is among
+the first of their honours, the Royal Scots had traced their earlier
+glories on the roll of fame. Few European battlefields could disclaim
+acquaintance with them, and there are few on which they have not been
+responsible for terrific slaughter, and a large share in the crux of
+victory. Their ancestors far back fought under Gustavus Adolphus: their
+lineal descendents fight now under King George; and the bridge between
+that time and this has been held by them heroically.
+
+It is interesting to trace their battles from the first. Long, long
+ago, fighting for Sweden, they captured and defended Rugenwald in
+Pomerania. Being wrecked on a hostile coast, with Adolphus eighty miles
+away, these Scots were led by Munro, with what might seem to us an
+absurd hope of victory. All day they waited in the caves by the sea
+shore, starving, wet, and cold--waited for the night, so that, under
+the cover of darkness, they might bring their desperate plan to
+fruition. Darkness fell; the moon rose, and these hungry Scots went
+forth to the attack. In one stroke they captured Rugenwald, and held it
+against repeated attempts on the part of the enemy to retake it. For
+nine weeks they gripped this place, and held on tooth and nail till
+Hepburn's men, fighting mile after mile to their relief, came up.
+
+Hepburn's men! They were Scots, every one of them. Men who, led by
+Hepburn himself, captured Frankfort on the Oder. He took them to the
+attack waist deep through the mud and water of the moat. At the great
+battle of Leipzig, "the battle of the Nations," Gustavus held these men
+in reserve. Then, when the issue was in danger, he flung them forward.
+The musketry fire galled them severely, but through it all the pikemen
+went cheering on, and put the enemy to an inglorious rout.
+
+Later, in 1632, Hepburn, who was somewhat a soldier of fortune, found
+himself on his way to aid the King of France. In 1634 he led his
+regiments against the Austrians and Spaniards. Here he was joined by
+Scots from France, and Scots from Sweden. Other Scots came up from the
+four quarters of the compass, as if by a gathering of the clans, and
+three years later there were 8,000 of them serving under the King of
+France. Those 8,000 are the martial sires of the present Royal Scots.
+
+As to the heroic achievements of the Royal Scots, we may instance the
+battle of Wynendale. General Webb (Thackeray's favourite General of
+"Colonel Esmond") won that battle with an army of 8,000 men against
+22,000 Frenchmen. It was his work to take supplies from Ostend to
+Marlborough's army in the field. Near the wood of Wynendale he detected
+the preponderating force of the enemy intent on intercepting his
+mission, but, in order to do this, they must traverse the wood. The
+odds were nearly three to one against Webb, but, relying on his men as
+much as on his own generalship, he decided to put up a fight of fights.
+The way of the enemy's approach was a great glade through the wood, and
+to right and left of this he placed detachments of his troops while he
+stationed the main body of his army at the point where they must
+debouch. Then he waited. That long wait for the oncoming host has been
+much described: how for a time they gazed up the long avenue through
+which the foe must come; how every man felt that tense expectancy,
+which lends to the simple sounds of nature a meaning of their own, and
+how 8,000 staunch hearts went back to the old folks at home with
+tenderness, and possible regret, before the descent of an avalanche
+which threatened to bereave their hearths.
+
+But at length the enemy teemed in at the further end of the glade. On
+they came, warily scanning the wood, but it was not till the Royal
+Scots poured a volley into them that the enemy actually realized what
+was happening. When the smoke cleared away, confusion reigned in their
+ranks; they rallied, and came on with greater determination, but again
+they were hurled into disorder and death by the British fire. Yet a
+third time they attempted it, and with all the bravery of the French,
+but a third time they met with that penetrating fire that none but the
+British, with their ugly bulldog pertinacity, can stand. They failed to
+forge their way through the storm of lead, and at last retired in
+confusion, leaving one third their number of British as victors of the
+field.
+
+The Royal Scots have more than once been helped out of a difficulty by
+other regiments. For instance, at Schellenberg in 1714, the ultimate
+victory, after three daring attempts on the part of the Royal Scots,
+who fought their way up against a heavy fire from the heights above,
+was made sure by the Scots Greys, who dismounted and rushed to their
+assistance. This engagement cost the French a valuable position, and 16
+guns.
+
+This help in the time of extreme peril was balanced by the Royal Scots
+at the battle of Lundy's Lane, where they arrived in the nick of time
+to make up 2,800 British against 5,000 Americans. After a hard fight
+the enemy was driven back, but they opened again with a devastating
+fire of musketry and artillery, following it up with a most determined
+charge. So desperate was their onslaught that the British guns were
+captured, and immediately following on this, the Royal Scots performed
+a deed which is underlined in history. They recaptured those guns, and
+left the enemy bewildered. This was the closest fight imaginable. In
+the thick of it, the opposing cannon almost spoke into each others'
+mouths. So close they were, that neither side could say, "This is my
+gun." In point of fact, in the heat of the moment a British limber
+carried off an American gun, and an American a British gun. On that
+field the contact between British and American was extremely close. In
+these days it is just as close, but not exactly in the same fierce
+spirit.
+
+One of the foremost of the exploits of the Royal Scots was the defence
+of Tangier against the Moors in 1678. In Port Henrietta some 160 of the
+Royal Scots had been isolated. In order to facilitate their escape
+their comrades in the town created a diversion by leading a general
+attack. In the midst of this the Scots got as far as the first trench
+surrounding the fort, but, at the outer one, which was 12 feet deep,
+they came into close grips with the enemy. There it was sheer
+knife-fighting, and many Royal Scots went to the bottom of the pit. One
+hundred and twenty of them filled it full, and over that bridge of
+silence forty survivors hewed their way through.
+
+The last charge at Wepener is described in the History of the Boer War
+as follows "The Royal Scots saw the Boers rushing and their warrior
+hearts beat quick with joy. Shortly, like a man in a dream, their
+Captain gave the word, 'Fix bayonets!' It was done in a trice. 'Ready!'
+The men loaded their rifles. 'A volley, my lads, and then the steel!
+Altogether--' The whistle blows, the flame flies along the parapet.
+Then, over the stone wall, sprang the Royal Scots. Once they shouted,
+once only. Then the slaying began.... Fifty thousand savage throats
+swelled the battle chorus. Ever since the siege began the black
+warriors had been gathered in their thousands on the heights, watching
+with fascinated interest the struggle of the white men. Like the
+spectators of a medieval tournament they had applauded the gallant
+deeds of the combatants, and, as they saw the British soldiers holding
+out day after day, night after night, against the assault of numerous
+odds, they came to have a profound trust and confidence in the 'big
+heart' of the Queen's soldiers. When, therefore, they saw the Royal
+Scots launch themselves like a living bolt at five times their number,
+they held their breath for a time, wondering what the end might be. But
+when they saw the bloody bayonets of the 1st Foot scatter and utterly
+destroy the hated Dutchman they opened their throats and yelled their
+applause across the river."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Royal Cypher within the Collar of the Order of the
+    Thistle with the Badge appendant. In each of the four corners the
+    Thistle within the Circle and motto of the Order, ensigned with the
+    Imperial Crown.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Blenheim,
+    Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Louisburg, St. Lucia,
+    Egmont-op-Zee, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, St. Sebastian,
+    Nive, Peninsula, Niagara, Waterloo, Nagpore, Maheidpore, Ava, Alma,
+    Inkerman, Sevastopol, Taku Forts, Pekin, S. Africa 1889-1902.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with blue facings.
+
+    [This distinguished corps is the oldest regiment in the Army, hence
+    its nickname of Pontius Pilate's Body Guard. There is a tradition
+    that it represents the body of Scottish Archers who for centuries
+    formed the guard of the French kings. It fought under Gustavus
+    Adolphus, King of Sweden, in the Seven Years' War, and was
+    incorporated in the British Army in 1633. Since that date it has
+    seen service in every part of the globe.]
+
+
+
+
+THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"
+
+("THE SHINERS")
+
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" (Northumberland Fusiliers) have a peculiar paradox
+in their history. They were first raised in 1674 by Prince William of
+Orange, the Dutchman, and, in the last Boer War, they were fighting
+against the Dutch themselves. But even stranger things than that have
+come to pass in these later days when we have good cause to call our
+old allies our enemies, and our old enemies our allies.
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" derived their regimental name, the Northumberland
+Fusiliers, from Hugh, Earl Percy, afterwards Duke of Northumberland,
+who commanded the regiment during the American War of Independence. For
+their fighting in the seventeenth century Prince William assembled them
+before the whole army, and publicly rewarded them for their services.
+It must be remembered that there were still services to come, for, when
+the Prince returned to England, fourteen years later, to deprive his
+father-in-law of his throne, the "Fighting Fifth" had not forgotten his
+kind offices. On this occasion they were regarded by the English with
+pride and admiration. "Even the peasants," says Macaulay, "whispered to
+one another as they marched by: 'There be our own lads; there be the
+brave fellows who hurled back the French on the field of Seneffe!'"
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" gained many laurels in Portugal and Spain, where,
+on more than one occasion, they drove the enemy before them in utter
+confusion. It is in this war that their fighting traditions are chiefly
+founded.
+
+At Ciudad Rodrigo it was the "Fighting Fifth" who stormed the approach.
+Afterwards they fought their way with fusil and steel through
+Salamanca, Nivelle, Vittoria, Orthes, and Toulouse, right up to Paris.
+
+One of their greatest achievements was the successful defence of
+Gibraltar, when the Spaniards made their first attempt to recover it.
+Since that time there is scarce a page of fighting history up to the
+time of the Napoleonic Wars that contains no deed of this bull-dog
+regiment.
+
+Their nickname is almost as old as their regiment. It was at the siege
+of Maestricht in 1676, when the regiment was only two years old, that a
+section of these men, only 200 strong, assaulted the Dauphin
+bastion--an affair out of which, after the most sanguinary combat, no
+more than fifty emerged. Yet maddened, rather than daunted, these
+fifty, with some few reinforcements, made a further attack on the
+bastion; and this time they took it, but only to meet with disaster.
+The place was mined, and a terrible explosion killed a large number,
+and covered others in wreckage. Many, however, emerged, and these
+proceeded to hold the position.
+
+The tale of how they entered Badajoz stirs the blood. The 2nd Battalion
+led the storming party. Their way led over a narrow bridge. Here, under
+a terrible fire, the foremost fell in heaps; but their comrades pressed
+forward over their prostrate bodies, and planted ladders against the
+beetling walls of the castle. For a time the "Fighting Fifth" suffered
+heavily. Again and again the desperate attackers reached the summit of
+the walls, only to be hurled back by the enemy. Here they swarmed up
+like bees, to be swept down again by a raking fire; there, another
+ladder broken, another overturned, with men everywhere falling and
+climbing, climbing and falling. The chance of scaling those walls
+seemed hopeless, and at length the Fifth paused, and looked at one
+another. Then, at that psychological moment, the cheering of the enemy
+above broke the spell. Their cheers were answered by a fierce shout
+from our men, who rushed to the attack with a never-give-in
+determination that finally gained the ramparts, and drove the garrison
+out of the castle, out of the town, and into the distance, not without
+great slaughter. It was at Badajoz that the Fifth lost their brave
+colonel, who struck in at that psychological moment, and led the final
+victorious onslaught. He fell, shot through the heart, at the very
+moment that victory was assured. "None that night," says Napier, "died
+with more glory; yet many died, and there was much glory." The taking
+of Badajoz was indeed a piece of work which required all the dogged
+tenacity of purpose to be found in such fearless heroes as the
+"Fighting Fifth."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--St. George and the Dragon. In each of the four corners the
+    united Red and White Rose slipped, ensigned with the Royal Crest.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Quo fata vocant."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Wilhelmsthal, Roleia, Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco,
+    Cuidad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Nivelle, Orthes,
+    Toulouse, Peninsula, Lucknow, Afghanistan 1878-80, Khartoum, S.
+    Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with gosling-green
+    facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT
+
+("THE LEATHER HATS")
+
+
+The Liverpool Regiment, like the 5th Dragoon Guards, was raised to help
+James, and, like them, it sided with the right against him. When James
+tried to place Roman Catholic officers over English regiments, with the
+help of the Liverpool Regiment, the colonel and five officers strongly
+objected. James sent his son, Fitzjames, Duke of Berwick, to
+Portsmouth, to correct them; but on this, and the issue of it, the
+country rose, saying unanimously that James was wrong, and the "six
+Portsmouth captains" were right. James had to flee from a country which
+entertained ideas so strange to his way of thinking. In memory of this
+protest against oppression, the portraits of those "six Portsmouth
+captains" are preserved to this day by the regiment. Once having
+definitely seceded, the Liverpool Regiment went further in the defence
+of liberty, and fought fiercely at the Boyne.
+
+But it was in the Netherlands that the "Leather Hats" performed their
+first great feat of valour. Lord Cutts, whom they dubbed "The
+Salamander"--because, where the fire was hottest, there was Cutts to be
+found--ordered them, against all sane strategy, to storm the fortress
+of Venloo. Everyone said it was impossible to take it, but the
+Liverpool Regiment, who were actually facing the matter, got a
+different view into their heads. They said nothing, but obeyed
+commands--and took it. "Over bastion, fausse, bray and raveline," says
+a graphic chronicler, "over trench, glacis and escarpment, Cutts led
+his dare-devils; the ditches were heaped with the dead, till the living
+walked over them, and--the enemy ran upon the farther side." It was a
+magnificent feat of arms, and a fitting preface to Blenheim, Dettingen,
+Lucknow, and their glorious deeds at the front to-day.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The White Horse within the Garter. In each of the four
+    corners the Royal Cypher.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Nec aspera terrent."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Blenheim,
+    Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen, Martinique, Niagara,
+    Delhi, Lucknow, Peiwar Kotal, Afghanistan 1878-80, Burma 1885-87,
+    S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE NORFOLKS
+
+("THE HOLY BOYS")
+
+    "Our country will, I believe, sooner forgive an officer for
+    attacking his enemy, than for omitting to do it....
+
+    "A Norfolk man is as good as two others."--_Nelson._
+
+
+Of the Norfolk Regiment, then known as the 9th (East Norfolk) Regiment,
+Napier said, with a happy mixture of blame and praise: "They were
+guilty of a fierce neglect of orders in taking a path leading
+immediately to the enemy." Indeed, that is exactly what they did at the
+battle of Roliça on the 17th August, 1808. Their intrepidity and fine
+carelessness in regard to their lives were on that day the subject of
+unstinted praise on the part of the whole French army, who, in those
+times it must be remembered, were our enemies. A brief description of
+the battle will show the stern stuff that the Norfolks are made of.
+
+The enemy, under Laborde, held a very strong position, and it was
+Wellington's object to drive them from it at the earliest opportunity.
+The Norfolks, under Brigadier Nightingale, came up with Wellington's
+army from Obidos, three columns strong. The 9th occupied the position
+in the centre, which fronted the enemy in possession of a natural
+fortress of gigantic crags, looming steep and forbidding against the
+sky. The only way of ascent was by means of some zigzag tracks, which,
+at many points, were open to the enemy's fire.
+
+Under these conditions, it would have been possible for our men to
+proceed by halt and rush, with a slow but sure caution; but the
+Norfolks, flinging all caution to the winds, hurled themselves forward
+to get at the enemy as quickly as possible. They swarmed up the
+heights, giving the foe a hot example of their musketry fire as they
+swung forward. It is said that their exploit was in full view of both
+armies as the smoke of their firing marked their passage from crag to
+crag. The rapidity of their advance was so great that the other
+regiments of the central column were left far behind. Laborde, taking
+advantage of their prominent position, proceeded to throw the greater
+part of his army against them, thinking to wipe them out before they
+could receive support. This was partially successful, for the enemy's
+fierce onslaught bore the 2nd battalion back. Fiercely; the Norfolks
+contested every inch of the way, and it was a wonder of wonders that
+they lost so little ground against overwhelming odds before the 1st
+battalion came to their assistance. Then, with scarce a breathing
+space, they re-formed their ranks, and, with a hearty British cheer,
+swept forward and upward again.
+
+That heroic and dashing encounter, in which the battle was to the
+swift--for it will be remembered that they had outstripped the rest of
+the army--is one that can never be forgotten in the annals of our
+history. Slowly, point by point, they gained the advantage, and finally
+drove the enemy from the summit. But, having taken the position, they
+had to hold it again and again against the furious efforts of the enemy
+to dislodge them. The reckless dash of their ascent could only be
+equalled by the stubborn resistance with which they held on, and, time
+after time, Laborde's battalions were driven back. Finally, the
+Northumberland Fusiliers came to their assistance, and the enemy was
+forced to retire. This was a victory set upon a hill, and, in the same
+spirit in which it was witnessed that day by thousands of opposing
+forces, so it is for ever pictured in our minds. With the battle of
+Roliça in their traditions, the Norfolk Regiment, as we write, are no
+doubt adding to the list of their brilliant achievements.
+
+In this battle a memorable act of heroism glorifies a page of
+history--a page written in the Norfolk blood of Sergeant-Major
+Richards. At the time when our skirmishers advanced rapidly, and the
+echo of their quick musketry fire hung reverberating in the ravine and
+hollow as they ran from cover to cover, two companies crept up two
+separate passes among the rocks and debouched upon the summit of the
+ridge. The foremost of the 9th, on emerging two or three at a time from
+their narrow passage, were ambushed by the enemy. Blake, their brave
+Colonel, was killed, and many of his men fell around him. When the
+ambuscade rushed forth to grips, Sergeant-Major Richards, though
+riddled with lead, and bleeding from a dozen bayonet wounds, stood over
+his beloved commander and fought to the death. This brave fellow, than
+whom there was never a braver, said, as he was dying, "I should not
+have cared so much if only our Colonel had been spared." In those few
+words, at such a moment, breathed the true spirit of the Norfolks, and
+that glorious simplicity of thought and singleness of eye--fine, grand,
+unconsciously sublime--runs through every line of our great Book of
+Battles. We are not glad that our enemy of to-day has not written such
+a book, nor do we trouble to wish he had: the fact is fixed that he has
+not. Indeed, he had never the material for such a book, for it is
+obvious that the same barbarous hand that struck out an innocent
+Louvain could not insert such an anachronism as the heroic death and
+noble sentiment of a Sergeant-Major Richards of the Norfolks.
+
+But Roliça, although the most prominent of their honours, is only one
+among many that have been set to their credit. They have more than once
+been in a position of extreme peril. When Ruffin's brigade at Barrosa
+realised that the Norfolks were cut off through an error on the part of
+our Spanish Allies, they turned the whole fury of their overwhelming
+odds upon that single regiment. Then it was a case of fighting, and
+dying, back to back. All fought like heroes, and, like heroes, most of
+them died. It was only when Brigadier Dilkes came to their assistance
+that the few survivors were extricated from their hazardous position.
+Needless to say, the handful that remained joined at once with Dilkes'
+column, and assaulted the enemy's heights. A grim battle ensued, and at
+length a brilliant victory was gained.
+
+In the history of the Norfolks is written one of the saddest incidents
+in the annals of our arms. It was they who, at Corunna, at dead of
+night, buried Sir John Moore, under the shadow of disaster--a sorrowful
+ending to an adverse passage which, although it concealed a marvellous
+achievement, few of us care to linger upon in days when victory is
+before us, and all thoughts of defeat forgotten.
+
+At Fuentes d'Onoro, a description of which battle will be found in
+another chapter, the Norfolks, in company with many other regiments of
+our present expeditionary force, fought with all their customary vim;
+and at Salamanca their assault on the enemy was as if they had been let
+go from a catapult. At a time when they were fully 500 yards in front
+of our main body of troops, Wellington saw the chance of making use of
+them to capture a particular post held by the enemy. He sent his
+aide-de-camp scouring up to them with the hurried message: "Ninth! you
+are the only regiment ready; advance!" They required no further
+indication to grasp what was to be done; in fact, they would probably
+have done it in the natural course of events, without the order; they
+charged on, and at the point of the irresistible bayonet the post was
+taken.
+
+Many a forlorn hope has been led by the Norfolks. One that remains
+indelibly stamped on our memory is that at San Sebastian, headed by a
+Scots lad, named Campbell. This poor fellow was terribly wounded in the
+first onslaught, receiving a bayonet thrust, and a heavy sabre gash.
+The young hero was not to die of his wounds however. Very much on the
+contrary, he lived to become Sir Colin Campbell, Commander-in-Chief in
+India; and, for his splendid services in suppressing the Indian Mutiny
+was created Baron Clyde.
+
+Having come through many terrible fights with honour and glory, and
+without a stain, it is naturally the great regret of this famous
+regiment that they were not at present at Waterloo. But, though absent
+from our greatest field of victory, they were doing good work at the
+time in Canada. Yet it has come to their share in these days to reap
+honours in fields not far from Waterloo, and we live to learn that, in
+the deeds of to-day, and to-morrow, a Norfolk man is indeed as good as
+at least two Germans.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The figure of Britannia.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Roliça, Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca,
+    Vittoria, St. Sebastian, Nive, Peninsula, Cabool 1842, Moodkee,
+    Ferozeshah, Sobraon, Sevastopol, Kabul 1879, Afghanistan 1870-80,
+    S. Africa 1900-02, Paardeberg.
+
+    HEROES OF PERTHSHIRE--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with
+    yellow facings.
+
+    [Raised in 1685. Received the title "East Norfolk Regiment" in
+    1782, and became the Norfolk Regiment in 1881. The badge of the
+    figure of Britannia was bestowed on the regiment in recognition of
+    its gallantry at the battle of Almanza (1707). This regiment was
+    the last of the British forces to embark at Corunna (1809), and was
+    entrusted with the burial of Sir John Moore, in memory of which
+    event the officers of the regiment wear a black line in their lace.]
+
+
+
+
+THE BLACK WATCH (ROYAL HIGHLANDERS)
+
+("HEROES OF PERTHSHIRE")
+
+    "We are but few, but of the right sort."--_Nelson._
+
+    "Highlanders, remember Egypt!"--_Sir John Moore at Corunna._
+
+
+These men need a book to themselves. It is impossible here to give more
+than a short account of one or two of their most brilliant fights, but,
+as from the peck you may judge of the barrel, so one will find the
+invincible temper of the Black Watch in every line and every word.
+
+It was at Fontenoy that the Black Watch first met a foreign foe, and
+their dealings with that foe were an emphatic earnest of their future
+honours. The fortune of war was not on their side; they were forced to
+retreat, covering it in such perfect order that Lord Crawford waved his
+hat to them, with the well-remembered approval that they had achieved
+as great honour as if they had gained an actual victory.
+
+The Black Watch have acquired great reputation in America. They
+distinguished themselves notably at Bushey Run, and it was in the War
+of Independence that they contributed their severest and most difficult
+work. A chronicler of the doings of this regiment writes on this
+passage in their history: "In every field the Black Watch maintained
+their hardly earned reputation," and many are the recorded deeds of
+individual courage and readiness. Here is one instance by the same
+chronicler:
+
+    "In a skirmish with the Americans in 1776, Major Murray, of the
+    42nd, being separated from his men, was attacked by three of the
+    enemy. His dirk slipped behind his back, and, being a big stout
+    man, he could not reach it, but defended himself as well as he
+    could with his fusil, and, watching his opportunity, seized the
+    sword of one of his assailants, and put the three to flight."
+
+The battle of Alexandria was perhaps one of the most brilliant in the
+whole career of the Black Watch. At a time when the two wings of their
+regiment stood some 200 yards apart, the Invincibles of France, valiant
+fighters, forced their way between, with one six-pounder. As soon as
+the Highlanders found that they had been, in a sense, caught napping, a
+roar of wrath rose from their ranks, and swiftly their right wing swung
+down on the interloping French, broke their ranks and captured their
+gun. The left wing, facing the other way, wheeled swiftly, and fell
+like mountain cats on the French rear. The enemy, who had thought to
+split the 42nd to some purpose, were thus themselves caught in a death
+trap. The Invincibles rushed helter-skelter for cover in the ruins near
+by, and after them, terrible in pursuit, went the Black Watch. The
+plaided ranks drew together, and charged again and again with fixed
+bayonets, while the pursued fled before those gleaming points until
+they were brought to bay in a position where they were forced to turn
+and fight. It was a brave and memorable fight then on both sides. The
+courage of despair was on the enemy's side, and the cool, relentless
+courage of the Caledonians was on ours. But in the end the enemy,
+having lost 700 of their men, were forced to yield.
+
+This temporary victory, however, afforded no respite for the Black
+Watch. Hot upon the action came a strong column of French infantry
+swiftly advancing, and it was a matter of the utmost importance that
+they should be attacked at once. The Black Watch, dishevelled as they
+were, their great chests still heaving with their exertions, were flung
+forward by Sir Ralph Abercromby, who, in the urgency of the critical
+moment, himself hallooed them on.
+
+It was a quick passage. After a clashing impact, the Black Watch broke
+the French column and scattered it in flight. Seeing the Highlanders
+eagerly pursuing, and in danger of being cut off by three squadrons of
+cavalry, General Moore ordered the pursuers to retire. It appears that,
+in the crash and roar of the battle, this order was lost upon the
+foremost pursuers, who were dealing death right and left, and they were
+not aware of what threatened until the French cavalry was thundering
+down upon them. It was so sudden that the Highlanders had barely time
+to retrieve their scattered state, and rally back to back. Thus,
+raising their fierce northern battle-cry, they fought against fearful
+odds, a small body of men surrounded on every hand. But even from this
+they emerged victorious, routing the very flower of the French cavalry.
+So it was that in one day this regiment won three brilliant victories,
+each one of which had seemed at first almost a forlorn hope.
+
+It must be remembered that the Royal Highlander has always been a
+perfect swordsman, terrible with his rifle, and deadly with his pistol.
+His strength is renowned in history. There have been men among them who
+have claimed no great superiority over their fellows from the fact of
+being able to twist a horseshoe, or drive a skeandhu up to the hilt in
+a pine log. Fatigue, hunger, thirst, the extremes of heat and cold--all
+these are with those men the mere commonplace foes of a Spartan
+existence--foes which have always found and left them silent, patiently
+contemptuous, where foes of flesh and blood would at once arouse them
+to anger of the grimmest kind.
+
+Perhaps no part of the world has seen the Black Watch in as true a
+light as the Peninsula. From all quarters of it their honours are
+drawn. They were with Moore at Corunna on that memorable occasion, when
+on a sudden he cried out to them: "Highlanders, remember Egypt!"
+
+With reference to this speech, and the moment it was delivered,
+tradition has clothed it with romance. At many a Highland fireside,
+when the eerie spirit sits in the glen and whispers round the lonely
+sheilings, it has been said by aged warriors, who had lived on in peace
+perhaps into the sixties, that, at those words, the men around him, who
+loved him best, saw, with the uncanny second sight of their race, a
+misty shimmering shroud enclosing their commander's form, portentous of
+his coming death.
+
+The words "Highlanders, remember Egypt!" referred to the occasion when,
+at Alexandria, Sir Ralph Abercromby being taken prisoner, and his
+captor being shot by a Royal Highlander, the regiment, though broken,
+continued to fight individually. It is no wonder that Sir John Moore,
+who had marvelled at their prowess, should exhort them, eight years
+later, at Corunna, to remember Egypt.
+
+At Toulouse, Pack, as he galloped swiftly up with General Clinton's
+orders, drew rein in silence before the Black Watch. Then he spoke
+calmly, but with elation: "General Clinton has been pleased to grant my
+request that the 42nd shall have the honour of leading the attack. The
+42nd will advance!" There were 500 who went in, and there were about
+ninety who came out alive. One can imagine then their terrible passage
+up to the fatal redoubt, and all the more clearly may be pictured the
+determination of it from the fact that, when they reached it, the enemy
+had fled.
+
+When they were before the heights of Alma, Sir Colin Campbell turned to
+them, and cried: "Men, the army is watching us. Make me proud of my
+Highland brigade!" From the future, near and far, the whole wide world
+watches them, and a great Empire has been made proud of them. Kinglake
+tells this part of the story with a fine touch. "Smoothly, easily, and
+swiftly," he says, "the Black Watch seemed to glide up the hill. A few
+instants before, and their tartans ranged dark in the valley; now their
+plumes waved on the crest." The enemy did not stay for the coming
+onslaught, for, as many said afterwards, they "did not like those men
+in the petticoats, with their red vulture plumes and their coloured
+tartans."
+
+At Ticonderoga, in 1758, they suffered heavily, in blood, though not in
+honour. Of that encounter an officer of the 55th, who was in the
+engagement, says: "It is with a mixture of esteem, grief, and envy,
+that I considered the great loss and immortal glory won by the Scots
+Highlanders in the late bloody affair." From all historical accounts it
+seems that the enemy was very strongly entrenched, in front by ditches,
+and on the battle side by barricades of felled trees. From this cover
+they sent volley upon volley into the ranks of the advancing
+Highlanders. "Yet," says one chronicler:
+
+    "The Scots hewed their way through the obstacles with their
+    broadswords, and--no ladders having been provided--made strenuous
+    efforts to carry the breastwork, partly by mounting on each other's
+    shoulders, and partly by placing their feet in holes which they dug
+    with their swords and bayonets in the face of the works. After a
+    desperate struggle, which lasted nearly four hours, General
+    Abercromby, seeing no possible chance of success, ordered a
+    retreat--an order which had to be _thrice repeated_ before the
+    Highlanders would withdraw from the unequal contest!"
+
+What the Black Watch would have done at Balaclava and Inkerman, had
+they been there, can be conjectured, but, sufficient to say that
+Sevastopol bears witness to their many deeds of outright bravery.
+
+The officers of the Black Watch have always been, needless to say, the
+soul of honour of the body of their men. In the following letter--a
+letter which might form part of a great poem--Colonel Macleod writes to
+the Sultan Tippoo:
+
+    "You, or your interpreter have said in your letter to me that I
+    have lied, or made a _mensonge_. Permit me to inform you, Prince,
+    that this thing is not good for you to give, or for me to receive,
+    and if I were alone with you in the desert, you would not dare to
+    say these words to me. An Englishman scorns to lie; this is an
+    irreparable affront to an English warrior. If you have courage
+    enough to meet me, take 100 of your _bravest_ men on foot; meet me
+    on the sea shore; I will fight you, and 100 men of mine will fight
+    yours."
+
+This has the true epic ring of all time, even back to the state and
+condition of the heroic savage who, instinct with honour, said:
+"Friend, if I had an axe, and thou hadst an axe, then we should see
+where the truth stands." But, alas! in some parts of the world where
+savagery is no longer heroic, the days of the true epic have gone by,
+its local death warrant being writ upon a "scrap of paper" crumpled in
+an Emperor's hand.
+
+But the Black Watch, though it has fed, as it were, upon the hearts of
+lions in its immortal traditions of the far past, can live more
+intimately in the atmosphere of recent glories. Evan McGregor, Robert
+Dick, Stewart of Garth, Gordon Drummond, Hope Grant--these are immortal
+names appended to half its story only. Its later history is lit by the
+fame of the Eighth Earl of Airlie, who was killed at Diamond Hill in
+1900. When he sailed from our shores for South Africa, almost his last
+words were: "Remember, if I am killed in action, whatever memorial you
+put for me, that you say on it I had died as I wished." And, in
+confirmation of this, after Magersfontein: "I like the Boers, and am
+very proud to be fighting against them.... I am very happy." A
+sentiment which we, in later years, can parallel with the fact that
+Botha's son (aged seventeen years) has enlisted to fight for Britain--a
+step approved by his heroic father.
+
+It was the old 73rd (now the 2nd Battalion Black Watch) which, under
+General Wauchope, their former colonel, fought so heroically in the
+Boer War, losing their brave commander at Magersfontein. The 73rd was,
+from 1809 to 1881, an ordinary line regiment, the Scottish dress and
+kilt having been abandoned. As such it fought at Waterloo, which, among
+others, it gives as an "honour" to the Black Watch. In 1881 it was made
+the 2nd Battalion Black Watch, and resumed the doublet, kilt and
+feather bonnet.
+
+The spirit of the Earl of Airlie is alive to-day--as much alive as it
+was in Scotland, when the "Heroes of Perthshire" laid their lives at
+the feet of him they believed to be their rightful king. Then, as
+since, they lived and died fighting; and, out of their brave deeds from
+that to this, there has arisen the peculiar significance of those three
+words--thrilling and dear to British hearts, chilling and terrible to
+Britain's foes--THE BLACK WATCH.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Royal Cypher within the Garter. The badge and motto of
+    the Order of the Thistle. In each of the four corners the Royal
+    Cypher, ensigned with the Royal Crown.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Mysore, Mangalore,
+    Seringapatam, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive,
+    Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1846-47, 1851-53,
+    Alma, Sevastopol, Lucknow, Ashantee, Egypt 1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir,
+    Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan, S. Africa 1899-1902, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Batts., scarlet and blue facings.
+
+    [The 1st Battn. was first formed from the independent companies
+    raised in 1729 from the Highland clans, and received the name of
+    Black Watch from the hue of its tartan. The newly-formed regiment
+    greatly distinguished itself at Fontenoy and against the French in
+    N. America. At Ticonderoga it lost 25 officers, 19 sergeants, and
+    603 rank and file in killed and wounded, and received the title of
+    Royal Highlanders in recognition of its bravery. The 2nd Battn.,
+    raised in 1780, became a separate regiment in 1786, and it was this
+    Battn. a detachment of which was in the wreck of the _Birkenhead_.
+    The Black Watch gained the red hackle during the campaign in
+    Flanders (1794-95). The 42nd was one of the four regiments
+    mentioned in dispatches after Waterloo. The 2nd Battn. was at
+    Magersfontein in 1899, where it lost 19 officers and over 300
+    killed and wounded. This regiment has a record which is only
+    equalled by one or two regiments in the British Army.]
+
+
+
+
+THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT
+
+("THE BLOODSUCKERS")
+
+    "Shew me a well authenticated instance of the troops of any other
+    nation gaining and holding an 'impossible' position against fearful
+    odds, and I will shew you a wavering in, or, at least, a
+    qualification of, our national faith that our allied British
+    infantry is the best in the world."--_French Daily Newspaper,
+    August, 1914._
+
+
+It was at Elandslaagte that the 1st Battalion of this gallant regiment,
+together with the Gordon Highlanders and the Light Horse, distinguished
+themselves in a terrible passage of arms. The following graphic account
+is taken down from the words of a soldier who went through that
+terrible affair:
+
+    "It was nearly five o'clock on that day," he said, "when it seemed
+    to be growing curiously dark. And we soon saw the reason. As our
+    men moved forward the heavens opened, and from the eastern sky
+    swept a sheet of rain. With the first stabbing drops the horses
+    turned their heads, and no whip or spur could bring them up to it.
+    It drove through our mackintoshes as if they were blotting-paper;
+    the air was filled with a hissing sound, and underfoot you could
+    see the solid earth pounded into mud, and the mud flowing away in
+    streams of slush. The rain blotted out hill and dale and enemy in
+    one great curtain of swooping water. You would have said that the
+    heavens had opened to drown the wrath of man.
+
+    "Through it the guns still thundered, and the khaki column pushed
+    doggedly on. The infantry got among the boulders and began to open
+    out. The supports and reserves followed. Then, in a twinkling, on
+    the stone-pitted hill-face, burst loose another storm--a storm of
+    lead and death. In the first line, down behind the rocks, the men
+    were firing fast, and the bullets came pelting round them. The men
+    stooped, and staggered, and dropped limply, as if a string that
+    held them upright had been cut. The line pushed on, and the colonel
+    fell, shot in the arm.
+
+    "The regiment pursued their way until they came to a rocky ledge
+    twenty feet high. Here they clung to cover, firing, then rose, and
+    were among the shrill bullets again. A major was left at the bottom
+    of the ridge with a pipe in his mouth, and a Mauser bullet through
+    his leg. His company rushed on. Onwards and upwards--down, fire
+    again--up again, and on. Another ridge won and passed, and only one
+    more hellish hail of bullets beyond. More men down. More men
+    hurried forward into the firing line--more death-piping bullets
+    than ever. The air was a sieve of them; they came with unceasing
+    ping, and beat on the boulders like a million hammers; they
+    ploughed the rocks and tore the turf like harrows. Another ridge
+    crowned, another whistling gust of perdition. More men down; more
+    men pushing into the firing line. Half the officers killed or
+    wounded--the men panted and stumbled on--another ridge taken! God!
+    would this cursed hill never end? It was sown with bleeding and
+    dead behind us; it was edged with stinging fire before. 'Fix
+    bayonets!' Staff officers rushed up, urging the men on. There was
+    now no line, only a surging wave. Devonshires, Gordon Highlanders,
+    Manchester, and Light Horse all mixed--subalterns commanding
+    regiments, soldiers yelling advice, officers firing carbines--all
+    stumbling, leaping, killing, falling--all drunk with battle. At
+    length we gained the ridge, and saw the Boer camp below. The Boers
+    were galloping out of it helter skelter, with Lancers and Dragoon
+    Guards spearing and stamping them into the ground. Suddenly we
+    heard the bugle call 'Cease fire!' and, wondering slightly at such
+    an order at such a time, we began to retire. But we were soon met
+    by a boy bugler rushing forward, who, in reply to our remarks about
+    the order, yelled, 'Cease fire be damned!' And then we discovered
+    that the Boers, who had learnt our bugle calls, had blown the
+    blast. On this, we turned about, charged again, and so made good
+    the battle of Elandslaagte."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Egmont-op-Zee, Martinique, Guadaloupe, Peninsula,
+    Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, New Zealand, Afghanistan 1879-80, Egypt
+    1882, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battn., scarlet with white facings.
+
+    [1st Battn. raised in 1685, 2nd Battn. in 1801. The 1st Battn. was
+    formerly a Battn. of the 8th Foot, and became the 63rd Regiment in
+    1758. It served as Mounted Infantry during the war of American
+    Independence, and won great distinction. The 2nd Battn. was
+    formerly the Minorca Regiment, and became part of the line in 1804
+    as the 97th (Queen's German) Regiment. In 1816 it became the 96th
+    (Queen's Own), and was disbanded in 1818. Raised again in 1824. The
+    1st Battn. displayed great courage and steadiness during the Siege
+    of Ladysmith (1899).]
+
+
+
+
+THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS
+
+("SCOTLAND FOR EVER")
+
+    "You have saved the day, Highlanders, but you must return to your
+    position. There is more work to be done."--_Sir Denis Pack at
+    Waterloo._
+
+
+Sir Denis Pack's words at Waterloo are as true to-day as they were
+then. The Gordons have always saved the day, and now they must return
+to their position. There is more work to be done and the Gordons are
+there to do it, as before.
+
+The following is an extract from a letter to Sir Walter Scott from
+Viscount Vanderfosse, first Advocate of the Superior Court of Justice
+of Brussels, dated January 5th, 1816:
+
+    "Since the arrival of the British troops on the Continent, their
+    discipline was remarked by all those who had any communication with
+    them. Among these respectable warriors the Scotch deserve to be
+    particularly commemorated, and this honourable mention is due to
+    their discipline, their patience, their humanity, and their bravery
+    almost without example. Constant and unheard of proofs were given
+    of devotion to their country quite extraordinary and sublime; nor
+    must we forget that these men, so terrible in the field of battle,
+    were mild and tranquil out of it."
+
+Such a testimonial from so high an authority is a treasured document in
+the hands of the Gordons, and many are the accounts received to-day
+from the front, which go to show that their cheery optimism has not
+been dimmed by the passage of a century.
+
+Perhaps there is no regiment that blends so nicely the simple humour
+characteristic of the Scot with the grim determination in which no
+section of our army is wanting. There are many points which soften to
+our hearts the fierce homicidal glory of the Gordon Highlanders. But
+first in importance is their grim and terrible side.
+
+On the eventful night of the Duchess of Richmond's ball on the eve of
+Waterloo, Colonel Cameron, and some of the N.C. officers of the Gordon
+Highlanders, had been invited to give the guests of different nations
+there assembled a display of the Highland dances. Poets have sung the
+sudden call to arms at the "Cannon's opening roar," but it was not
+until daybreak that the Gordons marched off through the Namur Gate
+towards the scene of action.
+
+On this occasion their panoply of war set everyone a-thrill. With their
+dark plumes waving in the breeze, and the bright sun shining on their
+polished accoutrements, they marched to the screel of the bagpipes.
+Never had the spectators beheld a prouder, braver, more athletic body
+of men; there was not a downcast look among them; only the fearless
+eye, the undaunted mien, the cheerful bearing-things which tell of
+strength.
+
+In this mood they marched as far as the forest of Soignies, near
+Waterloo. Thence, as the day advanced, they proceeded towards Quatre
+Bras. The heat was intense, the dust suffocating, but, after a
+wearisome march, they reached Genappe, where the people were waiting
+for the thirsty regiment with large tubs of water, and of milk, from
+which the Highlanders dipped and drank as they passed through the town.
+Hard on this refreshment, as they came into the plain beyond, was a
+further refreshment to the warlike spirit of the Highlanders; it was
+the sound of cannon that fell upon their ears "nearer, clearer than
+before." There was a general quickening of pace as the excitement of
+promised action ran quickly through the ranks, but Colonel Cameron
+checked their eagerness, and held them back, though with difficulty.
+
+It so chanced, by good luck, or good management, that the Gordons
+arrived at Quatre Bras just at the very moment they were needed.
+Wellington had come in with full information from Blücher as to the
+position of the Prussian army, and a fuller scorn of their tactics in
+selecting that position--a scorn which was justified by the event. "If
+they fight here," he said, in his terse and forcible way, "they will be
+damnably mauled." The Duke was a true prophet. They were, in two words,
+"mauled."
+
+The enemy's action began with a fierce cannonade, under cover of which
+a brigade of infantry and lancers were hurled forward, Our Belgian-Dutch
+allies fell back, and their retreat was converted into a rout by the
+enemy, who speedily became masters of the situation. Things were
+critical, but, at that moment, in came the Gordon Highlanders by the
+Namur road. Their march broke into a double, and their ranks opened and
+overflowed each side of the road, deploying for immediate action. At
+once came an answer from a battery of the enemy perched on one of the
+surrounding heights. By this time the Duke was amongst the Highlanders,
+giving orders to seek cover in the ditches and behind the banks of the
+road; he and his staff following their example. They had not long to
+wait, under a terrible fire, before the French cuirassiers came
+sweeping through the fields towards them. On they came, with furious
+cries, a formidable body; but the Highlanders under command of the
+Duke, waited in grim silence, reserving their fire. "Highlanders!" the
+Duke cried, "don't fight until I tell you," and so the Gordons lay,
+ready for the signal. It came when the charging cuirassiers were within
+thirty yards of them. Then a fierce volley rang out, and havoc lighted
+on the horsemen. Horses and steel-clad riders went down pell mell, and,
+in the confusion, the survivors turned and fled before the coming
+steel. Many, whose horses were shot beneath them, attempted to cope
+with the Scots, but all their valour was as nothing before the bayonets
+of the Gordons.
+
+At another stage of the battle, when the Duke of Brunswick's hussars
+were in flight before the red (Polish) lancers and French light
+infantry, Wellington, involved in the charge, and carried away in their
+mad career, was in great danger; but, seeing a way out, he headed his
+horse for a position that had been taken up by the Gordons. As he
+neared them, at full gallop, he ordered them to lie still; then he
+leapt the intervening fence clearing, at one jump, fence, trench, and
+men. With the Gordons now between him and the foe, he wheeled his horse
+to a standstill, and ordered the Highlanders to get ready. The
+Brunswickers had passed, severely handled by the French bayonets, and
+the grenadiers, on the right, retired to the road, leaving the Gordons
+an opportunity to fire obliquely upon the oncoming cavalry. These
+shared the same fate as the cuirassiers, being met at short distance
+with a volley which threw them into confusion. Those in front were cut
+off, by dead and wounded, from those in the rear, who retreated in
+disorder, while the front passed on in their headlong career, which was
+really a retreat, through the village. Meanwhile, the Gordons turned
+their attention to the rest, and put them to rout.
+
+Now Napoleon had impressed upon Ney to act in a manner that must prove
+decisive. The British had to be swept entirely off the field--the fate
+of France depended upon this. Ney's position was a difficult one,
+especially as he saw that reinforcements were coming up against him.
+Accordingly, he attacked again vigorously, and sent two columns of
+cavalry down upon the posts held by the Gordons. But these met with a
+similar fate to those who had tried that way before. But Ney still
+persisted and the Gordons were suffering heavily. How the day would
+have gone, and what would have happened to our Highlanders had not the
+Guards come up on their left soon afterwards, military experts alone
+can conjecture; but even with their assistance--and very welcome it
+was--the Gordons were yet to experience a severer trial.
+
+It came in this way. Two columns of French infantry advanced rapidly,
+by means of the Charleroi road, and the outskirts of the wood of Bossu,
+and occupied a roadside house, with a thick hedge running some distance
+into a field, a part of their number gaining the cover of a
+thickly-hedged garden on the other side of the road. The main body of
+these troops, some 14,000 strong, took up a position in the rear of
+this garden.
+
+Colonel Cameron with difficulty curbed his eagerness to let his men go,
+but the Duke, who foresaw a prolonged struggle, refused to allow it. He
+was, as usual, waiting for the right moment. When that moment came, and
+the order was given, Cameron leapt the ditch, at the head of his men,
+with old General Barnes at his side, crying, "Come on, my old 92nd!"
+Then, to the shrill piping of the pibrochs, the intrepid Gordons leapt
+from the ditch and fell upon the enemy with an impetus that was
+irresistible. The bayonet did its terrible work, and the opposing
+column fell back in confusion.
+
+Meanwhile other sections advanced upon the hedged garden, the house,
+and the field hedge, suffering heavily from these points. It was in
+this advance that the staff of the colour was split into six pieces by
+three bullets, and the staff of the king's colour by one. It was here,
+too, that Cameron himself was wounded. Being shot in the groin, he lost
+control of his horse, which galloped away with him, and finally stopped
+suddenly before his own groom, who was holding a second horse. There
+Cameron, in a fainting condition, was thrown out of the saddle
+violently on to the road.
+
+Colonel Cameron died of his wound late that night, but not before he
+had learnt that the British arms had conquered--a fact which forms the
+theme of Sir Walter Scott's immortal verse:
+
+    And Sunart rough, and wild Ardgour,
+      And Morven long shall tell,
+    And proud Ben Nevis hear with awe,
+    How, upon bloody Quatre-Bras,
+    Brave Cameron heard the wild hurrah
+      Of conquest as he fell.
+
+Meanwhile, the Gordons had fully avenged their leader's death. With
+repeated rushes upon the roadside house, they did deadly work with the
+bayonet, and, amid the hail of bullets from superior forces of the
+enemy, they still continued their fierce onslaughts under conditions
+that would have demoralized soldiers less cool and experienced.
+
+In the midst of the appalling fire, they separated and formed up in
+three parts, one part moving to the right of the house and garden,
+another part to the left, while a third prepared to assault the garden
+itself. At a given moment, when the whole battalion was ready, the
+order to charge was given. Then, with a resounding cheer, they rushed
+forward, "the bagpipes screaming out the notes of the 'Cameron's
+Gathering,' as they levelled their bayonets, and charged with the
+elastic step learnt on the hillside."
+
+The enemy stood firm for a little while against the oncoming array of
+determined men; then they broke and fled, showing their backs as
+targets for the Highlanders, who scattered the passage of their retreat
+thickly with their dead bodies. In this action many prisoners were
+taken.
+
+The British troops, though in the minority in guns, as well as men,
+stood like a rock against the searching assaults of the enemy. Ebb and
+flow was the order of battle, until at last the flow of our indomitable
+troops gained ground, and the enemy finally ebbed away.
+
+Our last victory in that furious battle was gained foot by foot, and
+when, in the end, the day was won, and the stars looked down upon
+10,000 slain, the piper of the Gordon Highlanders took his stand in
+front of the village of Quatre Bras to call the Highlanders in. "Loud
+and long blew Cameron," says one who heard that call of the highland
+mountain and the glen, "but his efforts could not gather above half of
+those whom his music had cheered on their march to the battlefield."
+
+Our Gordons had been through the thick of the fight; at the close of
+the day they were terribly hungry, and with the cool sang-froid which
+is the necessary complement to the bravery of such men, they took their
+supper cooked and served in the cuirasses which had shone in the
+enemy's forefront of battle some hours before.
+
+Various writers tell of the extreme kindness received by the Gordons
+after the battle from the inhabitants of Brussels and Antwerp. The
+"good and brave Scots" came in on drays and wagons, apparently none the
+worse for the fierce encounter, saving merely the loss of a leg, or an
+arm or two. "We're a' wantin' a leg or a' airm," cried one from the
+midst of a wagon-load of wounded, as if it were a kind of fraternal
+greeting. The good folk, seeing their plight, and not understanding the
+language, brought them wine in abundance, but the Highlanders did not
+understand the colour of it, and called for "guid sma' ale" as the next
+best thing to their own "white wine of the north."
+
+Tales of suffering in those days cannot vie in magnitude with the tales
+of to-day, but it is interesting to note that the endurance and
+patience of the Highlanders, as they lay on the wagons, or came in on
+foot, fainting with weariness and loss of blood, called forth the
+remark, as they passed through the street, "the men of your country
+must be made of iron."
+
+It remains to touch on the Highlanders' own account of this battle. It
+was simple and unpretentious in the extreme. One who had been severely
+wounded, and was lying on the paving stones, waiting to be attended to,
+was accosted by an English resident. "How you and your comrades
+fought!" he said. "Your bravery will be the talk of the world. There is
+no doubt, as the people here say, you and your countrymen are made of
+iron." "Hoots, man," replied the Highlander, "need ye mak' sic a din
+aboot the like o' that? What did we gang oot for but to fecht?"
+
+It goes without saying that false reports of any considerable
+engagement were spread through the countryside, even in those days. A
+chronicler states that Mercer, when making his way to the scene of
+action, happened on a Gordon Highlander, toiling painfully along the
+road, badly wounded in the knee. "Halt!" cried Mercer. "Have you any
+information? The Belgians tell me that our army has been forced to
+retreat." "Na, na," replied the Scot; "it's a damned lee! When I cam'
+awa' they were fechtin', an' they're aye fechtin' yet." With that, he
+sat down on the roadside and calmly lit his pipe, while a prentice
+surgeon probed for the bullet in his knee.
+
+Another incident preserved in the records of the Gordons is related by
+a Scotch lady who resided at that time in Antwerp. She had heard
+reports of a retreat from Quatre Bras, and other mis-statements
+concerning Mont St. Jean had also reached her ears, all to the effect
+that the British had suffered severe defeat; that Wellington was
+dangerously wounded, and that all of any account in our army were
+either killed or taken prisoners. Moreover, thousands of French troops
+had entered Brussels, and that on the heels of death and destruction
+came panic and dismay. Needless to say, this was not true, except in
+one point only--that 2,000 French _had_ entered Brussels; but it
+was in the rôle of prisoners, not victors! On the following day the
+Scotch lady went out in search of news, and was met by a long
+procession of vehicles laden with the wounded. Not a word of victory
+could she get on any hand, until she observed, in the very last wagon,
+a group of Gordon Highlanders, badly wounded, and heavily bandaged.
+They evidently knew something, for they were throwing their bonnets in
+the air, and shouting: "Bony's beat! Hurrah for Bonnie Scotland! Hurrah
+for Merrie England! Bony's beat!" Recognizing the Highland spirit, the
+lady sought to learn the cause of their excitement, and they told her,
+between their wild cries of joy, that a rider had just sped by,
+bringing the glad news of victory.
+
+It was not easy for the people of Brussels to gather the real import of
+this news either from the lady or the Highlanders, but it began to
+spread about, in what to them was an unknown tongue, though forcible in
+vociferation, that "Bony was beat and runnin' awa' to his ain country
+just as fast as he could gang." Yet there was no explaining it to them,
+and it was in vain that a brawny, bearded Highlander took a Belgian
+woman to task with the words, "Canna ye hear, ye auld witch? Are ye
+deaf? Bony's beat, I tell ye! I tell ye, Bony's beat, wumman!" It was
+no good! But the full significance of the fact was soon made known in
+the city, and then there was wild rejoicing on every hand.
+
+In those times the Belgian people conceived and fostered a great love
+for the Gordon Highlanders, and no doubt the tradition has been handed
+down to this day that they are the best of soldiers, sweet and gentle
+in peace, and terrible in war.
+
+The part played by the Gordons in the repulse of the Boer attack on
+Ladysmith, January 6th, 1900, is never to be forgotten. It was here
+that Lieutenant Colonel Dick-Cunyngham, V.C., fell at the head of his
+men. It was during the Afghan campaign that this hero of the Gordons
+received his V.C., when they were fighting outside Kabul in 1879.
+Staggered for a moment by a terrific onslaught on the part of the
+Afghans, the Gordons, their leading officer and colour-sergeant being
+killed, seemed to hesitate, when Dick-Cunyngham sprang forward, and, by
+his remarkable coolness and gallantry, saved the situation.
+
+In later days, the Gordon Highlanders have maintained and even added to
+the reputation thus bravely won. One signal instance is found in their
+attacks on the Dargai heights. On October 18th, 1897, the Gordons
+formed part of the flanking movement under Brigadier-General Kempster.
+The heights were won, but were shortly re-occupied by the enemy. On the
+following day, a second battle was joined about this position. Under
+Sir William Lockhart the Gordons displayed their usual fighting power.
+In the "Broad Arrow" of February, 18th, 1898, Sir William Lockhart
+himself described the part they played:
+
+    "The Gordon Highlanders went straight up the hill without check or
+    hesitation. Headed by their pipers, and led by Colonel Mathias,
+    with Major Macbean on his right, and Lieutenant A. F. Gordon on his
+    left, this splendid battalion marched across the open. It dashed
+    through a murderous fire, and in forty minutes had won the heights,
+    leaving three officers and thirty men killed or wounded on its way.
+    The first rush of the Highlanders was deserving of the highest
+    praise, for they had just undergone a very severe climb, and had
+    reached a point beyond which other troops had been unable to
+    advance for over three hours. The first rush was followed at short
+    intervals by a second and a third, each led by officers; and, as
+    the leading companies went up the path for the final assault, the
+    remainder of the troops streamed on in support, but few of the
+    enemy waited for the bayonet, many of them being shot down as they
+    fled in confusion."
+
+Supremely heroic on a point of romantic sentiment is our Gordon
+Highlander. When Cameron fell at Quatre Bras, he was not only mortally
+wounded, but pinned down by his horse. In this helpless condition he
+was recognised by one of the enemy, who swiftly rushed forward to
+bayonet him. But swifter still came the cold steel of Ewen Macmillan
+(the Colonel's foster brother) and pierced the would-be murderer to the
+heart. Ewen extricated his leader and bore him off; then, his master
+safe, he turned back with the set purpose of securing the saddle on
+which he had sat through many a victorious battle. In the thick of the
+fight the imperturbable Scot, amid a hail of bullets, secured that
+saddle and returned safely with it to his company, exhibiting it with a
+fine mingling of triumph and regret. "We must leave them the carcase,"
+he said, "but they shan't get the saddle where Fassiefern sat." That
+was what he had risked his life a thousand times a minute for--the
+saddle where Fassiefern had sat!
+
+And not only in stirring deeds of deathless glory have the Gordon
+Highlanders shone in the starry sky of Britain's fame. In the course of
+their long career they have been called upon to suffer and endure tests
+of hardship and privation, which prove the true mettle of the British
+soldier. They have played many parts in the theatre of war where the
+limelight did not fall. It was even their fate to take part in the
+terrible retreat to Bremen. Mr. W. Richards gives a grim description of
+some of these hardships:
+
+    "The high, keen wind carried the drifted snow and sand with such
+    violence that the human frame could scarcely resist its power; the
+    cold was intense; the water, which collected in the hollow eyes of
+    the men, congealed as it fell, and hung in icicles from their
+    eyelashes; the breath froze, and hung in icy incrustations about
+    their haggard faces, and on the blankets and coats which they
+    wrapped about them."
+
+But, with the Gordons, the hardy spirit in which they weathered all
+this was only a modification of that which carried them into their most
+glorious triumphs on the field of battle. Speaking of hardships and
+remembering the strong spirit of camaraderie which has always existed
+between our soldiers of all regiments, we cannot help reminding the
+Gordons that their 2nd Battalion owes the Coldstreamers one ration. It
+happened in this way. When the Gordons arrived at Fuentes d'Onoro both
+officers and men were literally starving, owing to a faulty
+commissariat; and no sooner did the Guards get wind of this than they
+volunteered a ration of biscuits, from their haversacks. Now, as the
+Coldstreamers will not be able to get those biscuits from the enemy,
+who appears to have "embarked without them," they may require them
+again from the Gordons and they should insist on having them well
+buttered.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. The Royal Tiger,
+    superscribed India.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Mysore, Seringapatam, Egmont-op-Zee, Mandora,
+    Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro, Almaraz, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nive,
+    Orthes, Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1835, Delhi, Lucknow,
+    Charasiah, Kabul 1879, Kandahar 1880, Afghanistan 1878-80, Egypt
+    1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir, Nile 1884-85, Chitral, Tirah, S. Africa
+    1889-1902, Paardeberg, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with yellow facings.
+
+    [To the first regiment (the 89th), raised in 1759, there belong the
+    romances of two notable men. One was the Duke's brother, Lord
+    William, who afterwards ran away with Lady Sarah Bunbury, and the
+    other was Lord George, the future rioter. A further romance belongs
+    to the Gordons proper. When, in 1794, the 4th D. of G. was
+    commissioned to raise a regiment for the King, with the Duke's son,
+    Lord Huntly, as its colonel, his wife Jane, "the Bonnie Duchess,"
+    acted as her son's recruiting sergeant. Day after day she rode in
+    among them at their gatherings, and with the King's shilling
+    between her teeth, kissed them into the army. "Now, lads; whose for
+    a soldier's life--and a kiss o' the Duchess Jean?" Her ambition for
+    her son in the way of masculine counterpoise to the brilliant
+    alliances of her daughters does not matter so much as that the
+    Gordons sprang into being at the touch of her lips--which is a
+    legend greatly treasured among Highlanders.]
+
+  [Illustration: THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS AT BADAJOZ.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+
+
+
+THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS
+
+("THE GARVIES")
+
+    "Rangers of Connaught, the eyes of all Ireland are on you this day.
+    On then, and at them, and if you do not give them the soundest
+    thrashing they have ever got in their lives, you needn't look me in
+    the face again in this world or the next."--_Colonel-in-Command
+    at the Front._
+
+
+Towards the close of the Transvaal War the 2nd Battalion of the
+Connaught Rangers performed a heroic feat, which tended to mitigate the
+peace-with-little-honour feeling which marked the peace negotiations of
+1879.
+
+Lydenberg was garrisoned by some seventy men, fifty-three of whom were
+Connaught Rangers, the whole being under the command of Lieut. Long, a
+mere stripling lad of twenty-two. Soon after Brunker's Spruit the Boers
+called upon Lydenberg to surrender, thinking that the lad of twenty-two
+would do as he was told like an obedient boy. But they soon found that
+they were mistaken. Long wisely temporised, and made use of a few days
+thus gained to strengthen his defences. Soon came the Boers' second
+demand of surrender, and this time it was scornfully flung back. So, on
+the 6th January, the Boers' bombarded the place, but the little
+garrison held out, and, for twelve weeks, the forces of siege,
+sickness, hunger and thirst failed to break the spirit of the gallant
+band. Then, when peace was declared, the 94th had no cause to feel
+ashamed, for in their hands Lydenberg had never surrendered. The
+British flag still fluttered above it. Worn and exhausted by terrible
+hardships and privations, but _still unconquered_, the survivors
+came forth in peace.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Harp and Crown. The Elephant. The Sphinx, superscribed
+    Egypt.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Quis Separabit."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Seringapatam, Talavera, Busaco, Fuentes d'Onoro,
+    Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Nivelle, Orthes,
+    Toulouse, Peninsula, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, Central India, S.
+    Africa 1877-79, 1899-1902, Relief of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with green facings.
+
+    [Raised in 1793 in Connaught. Both Battns. gained undying fame in
+    the Peninsula War, the regiment having the honour of forming the
+    forlorn hope at the storming of both Badajoz and Ciudad Rodrigo.
+    The regiment also fought with distinction in the Crimea and the
+    Indian Mutiny. During the Boer War of 1899 the 1st Battn. formed
+    part of the famous Irish Brigade in Natal, and in 1901 it became a
+    battn. of mounted infantry.]
+
+
+
+
+THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS
+
+("THE THIN RED LINE")
+
+    "Wherever they have lived and fought they have carried with them
+    the fearless picturesqueness of their indomitable mountains."
+
+
+At Sevastopol, as at few other battles in the history of wars, was
+displayed the most magnificent valour of the Highlander. The approaches
+to Balaclava were protected by six batteries manned by Turks, who, it
+will be remembered, were in those days our allies. On October 25th,
+1854, the Russians made a determined attack on these redoubts, speedily
+captured three of the batteries, and at once turned them on the 93rd
+Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, compelling them to seek cover
+behind a slight ridge. No sooner had they done so than a horde of
+Russian cavalry swept down upon them, whereat Sir Colin ordered his men
+to breast the ridge and hold it against them at all costs. "Men," he
+said, "there is no retreat from here; you must die where you stand."
+"Ay, ay, Sir Colin," was the cool response, "and we'll do that if needs
+be."
+
+The men were only two or three deep, but that "thin red line,"
+bristling with steel, was none the less formidable for that. Every
+heart was staunch and every hand was steady. Nearer and nearer came the
+rolling thunder of the Russian cavalry, quickening as it came. They
+were now at 600 yards. "Fire!" the order was given, and the lead went
+forth, but the Russians, though galled, still came on. At 200 yards a
+second volley rang out, and this time the enemy wavered and could only
+be rallied by the remarkable determination of their officers. Their
+swerve was headed into a flank attack, but the Highlanders stood firm
+as their native rocks, and met their last onrush with volley on volley.
+
+    "Then had you seen a gallant shock
+    When saddles were emptied and lances broke."
+
+The enemy, now in confusion, looked at the cold steel awaiting them,
+turned in dismay and fled in disorder to the shelter of their own guns.
+
+The 93rd were also at Lucknow, and the way they came to the rescue of
+the hard-pressed garrison of that city makes a thrilling episode.
+
+Well known is the story of Jessie, the Scotch nurse, who was within the
+fortifications of Lucknow when the final grip of despair was closing on
+the beleaguered garrison. Sitting musing on the hope of death as
+against the horrors of surrender, she suddenly raised her head and
+listened. Was she dreaming of the hills and glens of her native land,
+which she might never see again, or was that the sound of the pibrochs
+floating on the breeze from far away? She started up, declaring that
+she heard the wild music of her own country drawing nearer and nearer
+out of the distance. Others listened, but could hear nothing, and
+thought that Jessie was fey. But the simple-living Scotch folk are
+renowned for their second sight and clairaudience, and the event proved
+that Jessie was right; for at that moment, though far beyond the range
+of physical hearing, the Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, were
+marching swiftly towards Lucknow, with Cameron striding at their head,
+blowing his loudest.
+
+  [Illustration: THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS AT BALACLAVA.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+When they arrived at the city they made no pause, but swept down on the
+dastardly foe with irresistible force, while the bagpipes screamed and
+the men cheered wildly. Then ensued a running fight lasting some hours,
+after which post after post was seized and occupied until finally the
+siege was raised, and Sir Colin Campbell and Sir Henry Havelock met
+within the city and shook hands on a glorious relief.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--A Boar's Head within a wreath of myrtle. A Cat within a
+    wreath of broom, all over the label as represented in the arms of
+    the Princess Louise, and surmounted with H.R.H.'s coronet. In each
+    of the four corners the Princess Louise Cypher and Coronet.
+
+    MOTTOES.--"Ne obliviscaris." "Sans peur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Cape of Good Hope 1806, Rolica, Vimiera, Coronna,
+    Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Alma,
+    Balaclava, Sevastopol, Lucknow, S. Africa 1846-47, 1851-53, 1879,
+    1899-1902, Modder River, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with yellow facings.
+
+    [1st Battn. (Argyllshire Highlanders): raised in 1794 by the Duke
+    of Argyll. 2nd Battn. (Sutherland Highlanders): raised by the Duke
+    of Sutherland in 1800. The 1st Battn. formed the bulk of the heroes
+    of the wreck of the _Birkenhead_. The 2nd Battn. were the
+    celebrated "thin red line" at Balaclava. The regiment won great
+    distinction during the Indian Mutiny. It formed part of General
+    Wauchope's force at Magersfontein (1899).]
+
+
+
+
+THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS
+
+("THE OLD TOUGHS")
+
+
+The Dublin Fusiliers had a large share in writing the red history of
+India. Their prestige has been drawn mainly from the East. Indeed,
+although they have been in existence 246 years, they never set eyes on
+the white cliffs of Dover until the other day, so to speak, in 1871. On
+their colours stand the Royal Tiger of Bengal, and the Indian Elephant,
+together with the honours--Plassey, Mysore, The Carnatic, Buxar, and
+many others gained in India which are unknown to any other regiment. In
+the conquest of India they were Clive's men, Warren Hastings' men, and
+"their names are the names of the victories of England." It is scarcely
+too much to say that Indian territory was made British by the Dublin
+Fusiliers. The story of how India would have become part of the French
+Empire but for the daring genius of an obscure youth and the
+indomitable valour of the Dublin Fusiliers makes thrilling reading.
+
+The French had laid siege to Trichinopoly, knowing that, with its fall,
+fell India into their hands; but Clive, a young man of twenty-five
+years, a born genius, without any further acquirement in the way of
+special training, evolved as if by a heaven-sent inspiration--a sudden
+plan--the consummate daring of which has not been equalled in the
+history of any other nation. It was, in brief, to raise the siege of
+Trichinopoly by dealing a sledge-hammer stroke upon Arcot, the capital
+of the Carnatic--a city whose population was 100,000, and whose
+garrison consisted of 1,100 trained men. Clive proposed to subdue this
+strongly defended city with 200 Dublin Fusiliers and 300 Sepoys. This
+unheard-of intention must have had something unseen and undreamt of
+behind it, as the shadow of the coming event. The issue proved this.
+With his handful of men, tuned to his own pitch of enthusiasm, he
+marched boldly on Arcot during the night. He was not alone. His allies
+were the elements. As he neared the gates of the city, they broke
+loose. The lightning flashed, the thunder roared, and the rain
+descended in torrents. In the midst of this, he and his little band
+entered the city as if at the head of an unknown mighty army. These
+men, who came attended by the artillery of the storm gods, by the
+lightning's flash and search-light, seemed all too many for the
+garrison. Terrified, they fled in tumult and disorder, and Clive by
+this master-stroke, aided by That which has aided Britain many times in
+a moment of daring extremity, seized Arcot, and held it.
+
+But this master-stroke required confirmation before it was effective.
+It yet remained for Clive, and his brave band to display the endurance
+and patience necessary to hold what was won. The besiegers of
+Trichinopoly gathered reinforcements, and beleaguered Arcot. Ten
+thousand men enforced that place. In the course of days four officers,
+nearly 100 Dublin Fusiliers and over 100 Sepoys were lost. Says an
+eye-witness who describes the place, "The ramparts were too narrow to
+admit the guns, the battlements too low to protect the soldiers." In
+this siege, which lasted fifty days, elephants were used by the
+besieging hosts. With the battering-rams slung between them, they were
+pushed forward against the walls, but the "Dubs" sent such a fusilade
+against them that the beasts turned tail, and trampled hundreds of the
+enemy to death.
+
+The little body of Dublin Fusiliers and Sepoys--it was the first, but
+not the last time that Indian troops have fought bravely by our
+side--held out, and finally the enemy, after a fierce attack, in which
+they were worsted, retreated. Clive followed them up remorselessly. In
+that pursuit Pondicherry and Tanjore were taken, and now, at Plassey,
+were 100 British, and 2,000 Sepoys, who, in a decisive action, defeated
+60,000 of the enemy under Surajah Dowlah. This superiority of a cause
+which, reinforcing an inferiority of men, has proved, through thick
+blood and thin, to be at the behest of civilisation, is not without its
+far-off echo in the present day.
+
+It needs to be added that the whole of the honours of the Dublin
+Fusiliers, until "South Africa, 1899-1902," and "Relief of Ladysmith,"
+were won by the Madras Fusiliers and Bombay Fusiliers (East India
+Company's regiments). It was only in 1881 that they were given the name
+"Royal Dublin Fusiliers," and as such, our English, Scotch and Welsh
+have never a fault to find with them.
+
+It was at Arcot that Lieutenant Trewith, of the Madras Fusiliers, saved
+Clive's life at the expense of his own, and so, indirectly, yet
+practically, saved India. At a moment when Clive was unaware of danger
+Trewith saw one of the besiegers taking a long, steady aim at him
+through a small breach. There was no time to do anything in the way of
+warning. There was merely time to thrust his own body between the
+bullet and Clive's heart--between another Power and India. That was a
+moment as heroic for an individual as it was critical for a nation.
+
+From the battle of Plassey onwards, wherever there was fighting, there
+were the Dublin Fusiliers. At Condore and Wandiwash, at Buxar and
+Sholingur, they were present--not in numbers but in force. It has
+ceased to be a strange thing regarding the Dublin Fusiliers that their
+greatest victories were those in which the odds were against them.
+
+At Cuddalore the "Dubs" saw the first step of a romance which went far
+in a world of practical reality. It was there that they took no less a
+person than Bernadotte prisoner--Bernadotte, the born leader of men,
+who afterwards married Desirée Clary (the early love of Napoleon),
+became Field Marshal, and died King of Sweden. Little did those
+practical fighters think, when they treated the young Bernadotte kindly
+at their camp fire that they had actually captured the future father of
+King Oscar of Sweden--a monarch who received his name from his
+god-father Napoleon Bonaparte, after his favourite hero, Oscar of
+_Ossian_.
+
+As the almost impossible name of Nundy Droog has been glorified by the
+"Dubs," one may fairly reason that the glory of a place-name may be
+derived from what takes place there. Nundy Droog is a fortress set upon
+a great crag, nearly half a mile high. The story of the three weeks'
+siege of this difficult place has a sublime climax in the final and
+victorious assault of the Dublin Fusiliers. It was night, and the
+Indian moon shone full upon the giant crag, whose serried points seemed
+to pierce the sky, casting deep shadows on the rocky facets and gloomy
+ravines. From far above fell the bugle calls of the defenders, tossed
+by echo from precipice to precipice, to die away in the dark spaces.
+Then rang out an answering clarion note from below, sounding the
+assault, and the Dublin Fusiliers advanced up the sides of that
+precipitous height. "Then," says a chronicler, with a peculiar
+inversion of metaphorical allusion, "hell opened _above them_, cannon
+shot ploughed through them, musketry raked them, rockets blasted them,
+great boulders rolled down from above and carried many away." But,
+undaunted, the Dublin Fusiliers climbed on and up, until at last their
+final dash on the summit was so determined that the enemy fled
+dismayed.
+
+Later, standing in pools of blood where lay women of Cawnpore, while
+little baby-shoes floated about them, the Dublin Fusiliers--strong men,
+sobbing with grief--vowed vengeance on the perpetrators of the foulest
+deeds, and saw it carried out. The murderers were captured and blown
+from the guns, their hands smeared with the blood of their innocent
+victims, and, according to their own belief, their high-caste souls
+consequently damned for ever.
+
+The Dublin Fusiliers fought grandly in the Boer War, and nothing could
+hold them back. After Colenso they were found to be only 400 strong. In
+view of their terrible losses it was decided to send them off to Frere
+to keep the communications open. It was at parade that they were
+informed of this, and they one and all "nabbed the rust" and swore they
+would be in the fighting line or die. They were expostulated with, but
+all arguments were of no avail; the fighting spirit was too strong, and
+these heroic fellows were allowed to remain to have another cut at the
+enemy.
+
+During the battle of Colenso occurred a real "Irish" incident which is
+amusing. The "Dubs" were advancing on the enemy's left flank under a
+searching shell and rifle fire, when they paused for cover at a
+poorly-sheltered spot. Here two of the men had a private difference,
+and, with the battle raging round them, and the bullets whistling
+through their hair, they set about one another with their fists, their
+comrades gathering round and looking on with interest. When the matter
+was satisfactorily settled, and the best man had let the other up, the
+two shook hands, and, joining common cause against the enemy, coolly
+resumed the advance, and proceeded about the less personal business of
+the day.
+
+It was at Lucknow that Tommy Atkins, the sentry, when he saw the people
+flying for the Residency, refused to leave his post, and was killed by
+the Sepoys. This proud nickname, Tommy Atkins, has now come to mean any
+soldier in the British Army, and rightly so, for, be it said, they are
+all built on the same plan as the one who immortalized their present
+name.
+
+There are two true stories of the Dublin Fusiliers which will bear
+repeating; indeed, they are more than true: they are tender and true,
+and show the noblest form of self-sacrifice in the face of unconquering
+death. At Natal, when Captain Paton was severely wounded, one of his
+disabled men crept to his side in the cold, teeming rain, and lay with
+his arms about him all night long, trying to keep the necessary warmth
+in his body. And if you remind an old Dublin Fusilier of this touching
+story, he will most probably tell you another of eighty years ago,
+which is like unto it. There were, so the records tell, two
+foster-brothers in the Bombay Fusiliers (the 2nd "Dubs")--the younger
+an officer, and the elder a devil-may-care private. "Ye'll be lookin'
+after the lad," said their mother, when they left for the front. "I
+will," replied the reckless one; and he did. They were found, years
+later, upon a mountain-side in India, both dead, lying among dead and
+wounded. But--and here is the lump in the throat--the younger had been
+badly wounded, and the elder only slightly; but, dead from exposure,
+there he lay by his brother's side, stripped to the skin, all his
+clothes being piled upon his mother's younger son to keep his ebbing
+life-spark warm. Deep down in the devil-may-care Bombay Fusilier who
+did that deed was surely the spirit that conquers death, subjecting it
+to the higher glory of Britain.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+BADGES.--The Royal Tiger, superscribed, "Plassey," "Buxar." The
+Elephant, superscribed "Carnatic," "Mysore."
+
+MOTTO.--"Spectamur Agendo."
+
+BATTLE HONOURS.--Arcot, Condore, Wandiwash, Scholingur, Nundy Droog,
+Amboyna, Ternate, Banda, Pondicherry, Mahidpoor, Guzerat, Seringapatam,
+Kirkee, Beni Boo Ally, Aden, Punjaub, Mooltan, Goojerat, Ava, Pegu,
+Lucknow, S. Africa 1899-1902, Relief of Ladysmith.
+
+UNIFORM.--Scarlet with blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA
+
+    "A battle's never lost until it's won."--_Old British proverb._
+
+    "Nothing could stop that astonishing infantry."
+
+    _Napier._
+
+
+As at Balaclava and Inkerman, a great number of our Expeditionary
+regiments now contending side by side at the front were present at the
+victorious battle of Fuentes d'Onoro, and a new significance attaches
+to that name from the fact that these regiments were mainly responsible
+for the victory on that occasion. The battle is also very noteworthy in
+the annals of British pluck and endurance for the number of times the
+little village was taken and retaken in the course of the day.
+
+In September, 1810, Wellington, having beaten Regnier and Ney at
+Busaco, withdrew to his colossal defences at Torres Vedras. In the
+following spring he again assumed the offensive, and marched his army
+to Fuentes d'Onoro, where the battle of glorious incident was fought. A
+Highlander who was in the fight has described it in the following
+picturesque narrative, which as his description is taken from notes
+written in camp, contains no indication as to his regiment, and
+prudently refrains from mentioning the names of most of the other
+regiments, we may preface it with a list of the principal regiments
+engaged. They were as follow:
+
+    1st (Royal) Dragoons; 14th (King's) Hussars; 16th (Queen's)
+    Lancers; the Coldstream Guards and Scots Guards; King's Royal Rifle
+    Corps; the Rifle Brigade; 1st and 2nd Battalion Highland Light
+    Infantry; 2nd Battalion Gordon Highlanders; 1st Battalion Royal
+    Highlanders (Black Watch); 1st Battalion South Wales Borderers; 1st
+    Battalion Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders; Norfolk Regiment; 1st
+    Battalion Yorkshire Light Infantry; 1st Battalion Royal Irish
+    Rifles; 1st Battalion Connaught Rangers; 16th Lancers; and others.
+
+And here is his story, in the course of which the reader must make what
+he can of the curious fact that the cavalry on both sides were chiefly
+Germans!
+
+    "Our regiment was moved to the village of Fuentes d'Onoro, a few
+    miles nearer Almeida. A great part of the way we moved through a
+    wood of oak trees, in which the inhabitants of the surrounding
+    villages had herds of swine feeding; here the voice of the cuckoo
+    was never mute; night and day its simple notes were heard in every
+    quarter of the wood.
+
+    "The village we now occupied was in Spain.... The site of the
+    village was beautiful and romantic; it lay in a sort of ravine,
+    down which a small river brawled over an irregular rocky bed, in
+    some places forming precipitous falls of many feet; the acclivity
+    on each side was occasionally abrupt, covered with trees and thick
+    brush-wood. Three leagues to the left of our front lay the villages
+    of Gallegos and Espeja, in and about which our Light Division and
+    cavalry were quartered. Between this and Fuentes lay a large wood,
+    which, receding on the right, formed a plain, flanked by a deep
+    ravine, being a continuation of that in which the village lay. In
+    our rear was another plain, on which our army subsequently formed,
+    and behind that, in a valley, Villa Fermosa, the river Coa running
+    past it.
+
+    "We had not been many days here when we received intelligence that
+    the light troops were falling back upon our village, the enemy
+    having recrossed the Agueda in great force, for the purpose of
+    relieving Almeida, which we had blockaded. On the morning we
+    received this intelligence (3rd May, 1811), our regiment turned out
+    of the town, and took up their position with the rest of the
+    division on a plain some distance behind it. The morning was
+    uncommonly beautiful; the sun shone bright and warm; the various
+    odoriferous shrubs, which were scattered profusely around, perfumed
+    the air, and the woods rang with the song of birds.
+
+    "The Light Division and cavalry falling back, followed by the
+    columns of the French, the various divisions of the army assembling
+    on the plain from different quarters, their arms glittering in the
+    sun; bugles blowing, drums beating, the various staff officers
+    galloping about to different parts of the line giving orders,
+    formed a scene which realized to my mind all that I had ever read
+    of feats of arms, or the pomp of war--a scene which no one could
+    behold unmoved, or without feeling a portion of that enthusiasm
+    which always accompanies 'deeds of high daring'; a scene justly
+    conceived, and well described by Moore, in the beautiful song:--
+
+        Oh, the sight entrancing
+        When the morning's beam is glancing
+          O'er files array'd
+          With helm and blade
+        And plumes in the gay wind dancing!
+
+    "Our position was now taken up in such a way that our line ran
+    along the frontiers of Portugal, maintaining the blockade of
+    Almeida by our left, while our right kept open the communication
+    with Sabugal, the place where the last action was fought.
+
+    "The French advanced on our position in three columns, about three
+    o'clock in the afternoon, and detached a strong body of troops
+    against Fuentes, which was at this time occupied as an advance post
+    by the 60th Regiment (1st Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps), and
+    the light company of our division. The skirmishers were covered in
+    their advance by cavalry, in consequence of which ours were obliged
+    to fall back for greater safety to some stone fences on the
+    outskirts of the village, while a party of our German hussars
+    covered their retreat.
+
+    "The cavalry now commenced skirmishing, the infantry keeping up an
+    occasional fire. It was rather remarkable that the cavalry on both
+    sides happened to be Germans. When this was understood, volleys of
+    insulting language, as well as shot, were exchanged between them.
+    One of our hussars got so enraged at something one of his opponents
+    said, that, raising his sword, he dashed forward upon him into the
+    very centre of their line. The insulting hussar, seeing that he had
+    no mercy to expect from his enraged foe, wheeled about his horse,
+    and rode to the rear. The other, determined on revenge, still
+    continued to follow him. The whole attention, on both sides, was
+    drawn for a moment to these two, and a temporary cessation of
+    firing took place. The French stared in astonishment at our
+    hussar's temerity, while our men were cheering him on. The chase
+    continued for some way to the rear of their cavalry. At last, our
+    hussar, coming up with him, fetched a furious blow, and brought him
+    to the ground.
+
+    "Awakening now to a sense of the danger he had thrown himself into,
+    he set his horse at full speed to get back to his comrades, but the
+    French, who were confounded when he passed, had recovered their
+    surprise, and, determined on avenging the death of their comrade,
+    they joined in pursuit, firing their pistols at him. The poor
+    fellow was now in a hazardous plight; they were every moment
+    gaining upon him, and he had still a long way to ride. A band of
+    the enemy took a circuit for the purpose of intercepting him, and
+    before he could reach the line, he was surrounded, and would have
+    been cut to pieces, had not a party of his comrades, stimulated by
+    the wish to save so brave a fellow, rushed forward, and arrived
+    just in time, by making the attack general, to save his life, and
+    brought him off in triumph.
+
+    "The overwhelming force which the French now pushed forward on the
+    village could not be withstood by the small number of troops which
+    defended it; they were obliged to give way, and were fairly forced
+    to a rising ground on the other side, where stood a small chapel.
+    The French now thought they had gained their point, but they were
+    soon undeceived, for, being reinforced at this place by the
+    Portuguese cacadores, our lads came to the right-about, and
+    attacked them with such vigour that in a short time they were
+    driven back to their old ground. While retreating through the town,
+    one of our sergeants, who had run up the wrong street, being pushed
+    hard by the enemy, ran into one of the houses; they were close at
+    his heels, and he had just time to wrench open the door of a
+    cupboard in a recess and tumble himself into a large chest, when
+    they entered and commenced plundering the house, expressing their
+    wonder, at the same time, concerning the sudden disappearance of
+    the 'Anglois' whom they had seen run into the house. During the
+    time the poor sergeant lay sweating and half smothered they were
+    busy breaking open everything that came in their way, looking for
+    plunder, and they had just discovered the concealed door of his
+    hiding-place when the noise of our men cheering, as they charged
+    the enemy through the town, forced them to take flight. The
+    sergeant now got out, and having joined his company, assisted in
+    driving the French back.
+
+    "No other part of the line had as yet been attacked by the French;
+    they seemed bent on taking the village of Fuentes in the first
+    place, as a stepping-stone, and the main body of each army lay
+    looking at each other. Finding that the force they had sent down,
+    great as it was, could not keep possession of the place, they sent
+    forward two strong bodies of fresh troops to re-attack it, one of
+    which, composed of the Irish Legion, dressed in red uniform, was at
+    first taken for a British regiment, and they had time to form up,
+    and give us a volley before the mistake was discovered.
+
+    "The village was now vigorously attacked by the enemy at two
+    points, and with such a superior force, that, in spite of the
+    unparalleled bravery of our troops, they were driven back,
+    contesting every inch of the ground.
+
+    "On our retreat through the village, we were met by the 71st
+    Regiment, cheering and led on by Colonel Cadogan, which had been
+    detached from the line to our support. The chase was now turned,
+    and although the French were obstinately intent on keeping their
+    ground, and so eager that many of their cavalry had entered the
+    town and rushed furiously down the streets, all their efforts were
+    in vain; nothing could withstand the charge of the gallant 71st,
+    and in a short time, in spite of all resistance, they cleared the
+    village."
+
+[This regiment (1st Battalion Highland Light Infantry) was always
+remarkable for its gallantry. The brave Cadogan well knew the art of
+rendering his men invincible; he knew that the courage of the British
+soldier is best called forth by associating it with his country, and he
+also knew how to time the few words which produced such magical
+effects.]
+
+    "We were now once more in possession of the place, but our loss, as
+    well as that of the French, had been very great. In particular
+    places of the village, where a stand had been made, or the shot
+    brought to bear, the slaughter had been immense. The French,
+    enraged at being thus baffled in all their attempts to attack the
+    town, sent forward a force composed of the very flower of their
+    army, but they gained only a temporary advantage, for, being
+    reinforced by the 79th Regiment--although the contest remained
+    doubtful until night--we remained in possession of it, with the
+    exception of a few houses on the rise of the hill at the French
+    side. The light brigade of our division was now withdrawn, and the
+    71st and 79th Regiments remained as a picquet in it during the
+    night. Next morning it was again occupied as before. On the 4th
+    both sides were busily employed burying the dead and bringing in
+    the wounded, French and English promiscuously mixed, and assisted
+    each other in that melancholy duty, as if they had been intimate
+    friends.... During this day, the French generals reconnoitred our
+    position, and next morning (the 5th), they made a movement to their
+    left with two strong columns. This caused a corresponding movement
+    in our lines, and it was scarcely made, when they attacked our
+    right, composed of the 7th Division, with all their cavalry, and
+    succeeded in turning it, but they were gallantly met by some
+    squadrons of our dragoons, and repulsed. Their columns of infantry
+    still continued to advance on the same point, and were much galled
+    by the heavy fire kept up on them by the 7th Division, but in
+    consequence of this movement, our communication with Sabugal was
+    abandoned for a stronger position, and our army was now formed in
+    two lines, the Light Division and cavalry in reserve. This
+    manoeuvre paralysed their attack on our line, and their efforts
+    were chiefly confined to partial cannonading, and some charges with
+    their cavalry, which were received and repulsed by the 3rd Regiment
+    of Guards in one instance; but, as they were falling back, they did
+    not perceive the charge of a different body of the enemy's cavalry
+    in time to form, and many of them were killed, wounded, and taken
+    prisoners. Colonel Hill, who commanded the picquets, was among the
+    latter; the 42nd Regiment (The Black Watch) also, under Lord
+    Blantyre, gallantly repulsed another charge made by the enemy's
+    cavalry. The Frenchmen then attempted to push a strong body of
+    light infantry down the ravine to the right of the 1st Division,
+    but they were driven back by some companies of the Guards and 95th
+    Rifles (now the "Rifle Brigade.")
+
+    "While on the right this was going on, the village of Fuentes was
+    again attacked by a body of the Imperial Guard, and, as on the 3rd,
+    the village was taken and retaken several times. At one time they
+    had brought down such an overwhelming force that our troops were
+    fairly beat out of the town, and the French formed a close column
+    between it and us. Some guns which were posted on the rise in front
+    of our line, having opened upon them, made them change their
+    ground, and the 88th Regiment (Connaught Rangers) being detached
+    from our division, led on by the heroic General McKinnon (who
+    commanded our right brigade), charged them furiously, and drove
+    them back through the village with great slaughter.
+
+    "Some time previous to this, General Picton had had occasion to
+    check this regiment for some little plundering affair they had been
+    guilty of, and he was so offended at their conduct that, in
+    addressing them, he had told them they were the greatest
+    'blackguards' in the army. But, as he was always as ready to give
+    praise as censure, where it was due, when they were returning from
+    this gallant and effective charge, he exclaimed, 'Well done, the
+    brave 88th!' Some of them who had been stung at his former
+    reproaches cried out, 'Are we the greatest blackguards in the army
+    now?' The valiant Picton smiled, and replied: 'No, no, you are
+    brave and gallant soldiers; this day has redeemed your character.'
+
+    "At one time during the contest, when the enemy had gained a
+    partial position of the village, our light troops had retired into
+    a small wood above it, where they were huddled together without any
+    regularity (a French officer, while leading on his men, having been
+    killed in our front), a bugler of the 83rd Regiment (now 1st
+    Battalion Irish Rifles) starting out between the fire of both
+    parties, seized his gold watch; but he had scarcely returned, when
+    a cannon shot from the enemy came whistling past him, and he fell
+    lifeless on the spot. The blood spurted out of his nose and ears,
+    but with the exception of this, there was neither wound nor bruise
+    on his body--the shot had not touched him.
+
+    "The phenomenon here described has been the subject of much
+    discussion among medical men; some attribute it to the shot
+    becoming electrical, and parting with its electricity in passing
+    the body, while others maintain that the ball does strike the
+    individual obliquely, and although there is no appearance of injury
+    on the surface, there always exists serious derangement of the
+    system internally.
+
+    "We had regained possession of the village a short time after, and
+    got a little breathing time.... After the various takings and
+    retakings of the village, night again found us in possession of it.
+    On the 6th, no attempt was made to renew the attack, and, as on the
+    4th, the army on each side was employed burying the dead, and
+    looking after the wounded. On the 7th, we still remained quiet, but
+    on this day the whole French army were reviewed on the plain by
+    Massena. On the 8th, the French sentries were withdrawn at
+    daylight, the main body of the enemy having retired during the
+    night to the woods between Fuentes and Gallegos. On the 9th they
+    broke up, and retired from their position, and on the 10th they had
+    recrossed the Agueda without having accomplished the relief of
+    Almeida."
+
+Full of interest and significance as was the battle of Fuentes d'Onoro,
+it remains that the most sanguinary and glorious battle of the
+Peninsular War, as far as the soldiers were concerned, was that of
+Albuera where, on May 16th, the skilful Soult was defeated by
+Beresford, with tremendous slaughter.
+
+Just as the battle of Fuentes arose out of the determination of Massena
+to save Almeida, so that of Albuera was owing to Soult's desire to save
+Badajoz, which was in siege by Beresford. Wellington was returning
+victorious from the north to join Beresford, but, before he arrived,
+the bloodiest battle of the Peninsula was over.
+
+Before the siege of Badajoz was well compacted Soult came up with a
+superior force, and Beresford decided to raise the siege and stake the
+issue on a pitched battle. The Allies took up their position on the
+ridge of Albuera, some 28,000 strong, including 10,000 half-trained
+Spaniards, who were something between a hindrance and a help. Soult's
+force consisted of 19,000 picked infantry, 4,000 cavalry, and fifty
+guns.
+
+It is the very climax and turning point of this fight that interests us
+here. It came at a time when Houghton's Brigade, being practically
+worsted in an assault on the ridge, were failed by Beresford, but
+succored by Colonel Hardinge, who, on his own responsibility, ordered
+the advance of General Cole's Division against the enemy. This, the 4th
+Division, consisting mainly of British fusiliers, succeeded in turning
+the tide of battle. Cole himself led the fusiliers up the hill, on the
+crest of which the French with their artillery were stationed in force;
+and, as if that were not superiority enough, the whole of Soult's
+reserve was advancing in mass to support the columns on the ridge.
+Houghton's Brigade held on in what seemed a losing fight. The ground
+was heaped with dead, and the Polish lancers were beginning to gather
+round the British guns. The brigade saw defeat and destruction staring
+it in the face. But they endured for sheer tenacity's sake, not knowing
+that but a few moments more mattered everything. The Royal Welsh
+Fusiliers swept steadily upwards, attacked the savage lancers, charged
+their gathering hosts, and put the enemy to rout. It was Houghton's
+Brigade that had borne the brunt, but it was the Welsh Fusiliers that
+decided the victory.
+
+Napier has pictured this glorious passage of arms so vividly that it is
+no man's presumptuous task to describe it independently. "Such a
+gallant line," he says, "issuing from the midst of smoke, and rapidly
+separating itself from the confused and broken multitude, startled the
+enemy's heavy masses which were increasing and pressing onwards as to
+an assured victory. They wavered, hesitated, and then, vomiting forth a
+storm of fire, hastily endeavoured to enlarge their front, while a
+fearful discharge of grape from all their artillery whistled through
+the British ranks. Sir William Myers was killed. Cole, and the three
+Colonels: Ellis, Blakeney, and Hawkshawe, fell wounded, and the
+fusilier battalions, struck by the iron tempest, reeled and staggered
+like sinking ships. Suddenly and sternly recovering, they closed on
+their terrible enemies, and then was seen with what a strength and
+majesty the British soldier fights. In vain did Soult, by voice and
+gesture, animate his Frenchmen; in vain did the hardiest veterans,
+extricating themselves from the crowded columns, sacrifice their lives
+to gain time for the mass to open out on such a fair field; in vain did
+the mass itself bear up, and, fiercely arising, fire indiscriminately
+upon friends and foes, while the horsemen hovering on the flank,
+threatened to charge the advancing line. Nothing could stop that
+astonishing infantry. No sudden burst of undisciplined valour, no
+nervous enthusiasm weakened the stability of their order; their
+flashing eyes were bent on the dark columns in their front; their
+measured tread shook the ground; their dreadful volleys swept away the
+head of every formation; their deafening shouts overpowered the
+dissonant cries that broke from all parts of the tumultuous crowd as,
+foot by foot, and with a horrid carnage, it was driven by the incessant
+vigour of the attack to the farthest edge of the hill. In vain did the
+French reserves, joining with the struggling multitudes, endeavour to
+sustain the fight; their efforts only increased the irremediable
+confusion, and the mighty mass, giving way like a loosened cliff, went
+headlong down the ascent. The rain flowed after in streams discoloured
+with blood, and 1,500 unwounded men, the remnant of 6,000 unconquerable
+British soldiers, stood triumphant on the fatal hill."
+
+It must be added to this classic word-picture of the fight on the ridge
+that Marshal Beresford in his despatch to Lord Wellington, dated
+Albuera, 18th May, said, "It was observed that our dead, particularly
+the 57th Regiment (the "Die Hards" of Albuera), were lying as they had
+fought in the ranks, and that every wound was in front."
+
+
+
+
+BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN
+
+    "The Cavalry do as they like to the enemy until they are confronted
+    by thrice their numbers....
+
+    "Our Artillery has never been opposed to less than three or four
+    times their numbers."--_Sir John French at the Front._
+
+
+The majority of the Expeditionary Forces now at the front carry in
+their hearts if not on their standards the glorious legends of
+Balaclava and of Inkerman. At a time when it has become so evident that
+the tendency of the Prussian military system is to crush individual
+initiative, while that of the British system is to encourage it on
+equal terms with a free and unhesitating obedience to the will of the
+commander, the battles of Balaclava and Inkerman are of peculiar
+significance, for, while Balaclava contains a glorious instance of
+blind obedience, Inkerman stands alone as a sanguinary conflict in
+which, to quote an eye-witness, "every man was his own general." For
+this reason it has been called a "soldiers' battle," and as such it
+forms a useful example, not only of the fine behaviour of our soldiers
+when thrown on the limit of their own individual resources, but also of
+the self-reliant valour and do-or-die spirit that has brought them
+through so many desperately prolonged struggles before and since. The
+fact that Inkerman was fought and won in a thick fog makes it all the
+more wonderful and satisfactory that the units, and even individuals,
+of our army on that occasion co-operated well within the boundaries of
+a sound and discreet initiative. Many full descriptions have been given
+of Balaclava and Inkerman. Our space here will not allow of more than a
+brief account of some of the glorious deeds on those fields of victory.
+
+On October 25th, 1885, the Russians made a bold attempt to take
+Balaclava, and the tale of their defeat is the immortal tale of two of
+the finest cavalry charges ever known in the history of war.
+Immortalised in verse by Tennyson, the "Charge of the Light Brigade" is
+a deed bringing honour and glory for all time; yet the charge of the
+Heavy Brigade earlier on the same day was an affair even more deadly to
+the enemy and more responsible for the final victory.
+
+At the first attack of the Russians the 93rd (Sutherland) Highlanders
+were called upon to face them and defend the foremost approach. Eight
+Squadrons of General Scarlett's Heavy Brigade on the left wing were at
+once ordered to their assistance. Of these the Scots Greys and
+Inniskillings were diverted to check the advance of a body of Russian
+cavalry 3,000 strong, which was descending from the hill into the
+valley. It all happened on the spur of the moment. As soon as Scarlett
+became aware of the meaning of those 3,000 of the enemy he made up his
+mind in a flash. It was one of the intuitions that determine the
+fortune of war. "Left wheel into line!" and the Greys and Inniskillings
+were ready. They saw the cause and understood the intention. They
+wheeled into line, and as they formed up with quick, cool decision, the
+Russians paused, as if to calculate, some 500 paces away. "Charge!" And
+the Greys and Inniskillings, with Scarlett at their head, thundered
+forward on the enemy.
+
+It was a gallant and almost desperate undertaking, for the two
+squadrons were greatly out-numbered by the opposing force; but it was
+so sudden, unexpected and headlong, that the Russians were thrown into
+hesitation and scarcely knew on the spur of the moment the best way to
+meet it. After the terrible clash of meeting they could do no more than
+try to close in on the English, and in this, by dint of superior
+numbers, they must in the end have wiped our men out had it not been
+that in the very thick of it help came from several sides. First, small
+detachments of other "Heavies" came up rapidly and fell upon the
+enclosing Russians so fiercely that their plan was weakened. Then a
+whole squadron of Inniskillings from our right swept down on the
+enemy's left and completely frustrated its encircling movement.
+Finally, from different quarters, the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards and
+the Royals came up like a whirlwind, and the result of it all was a
+fight of the wildest and most terrible kind. In the thick of it were
+Scarlett and his two squadrons, and the enemy were cut up and swept
+away like chaff before the terrible onslaught within and without, until
+at last they broke and fled in utter confusion back over the crest of
+the hill. So, in glorious victory, ended the Charge of the Heavy
+Brigade, a splendid feat of generalship and valour which, though unsung
+by Laureates, nevertheless throws a tremendous weight of tradition into
+the spirit of the "Heavies" who, with three of their regiments--the
+Scots Greys, and the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards, are to-day repeating
+such deeds at the front without being aware that they are doing
+anything extraordinary.
+
+The Charge of the Light Brigade is a matter that all the world knows
+while all the world wonders--in one sense, that it was ever undertaken,
+and, in another, that mortal flesh and blood could dare so desperate
+and unwarlike a deed at the behest of discipline and still succeed in
+turning it to glorious account. What happened is household reading, but
+who could be restrained from relating it, and who can refrain from
+reading it yet once more?
+
+The Light Brigade, with the 13th Light Dragoons and the 17th Lancers in
+the first line, the 11th Hussars in the second, and the 4th Light
+Dragoons and the 8th Hussars in the third, was drawn up two deep as
+soon as the ambiguous order arrived. The Heavy Brigade was in readiness
+to support, with Lord Lucan commanding in person the Greys and Royals.
+A brief question as to the meaning of the order and a quick reply that
+it was no time to question, but merely to obey, and then the trumpet
+rang out for the charge. It had no uncertain sound and every man
+prepared to do and die as they went down the hill with Lord Cardigan at
+their head at a speed approaching twenty miles an hour. Sheets of
+flame, and a hail of lead, leapt out upon their flanks from the Russian
+infantry. Captain Nolan darted out across their front, shouting and
+waving his sword in the futile effort to explain that it was all a
+mistake. But their minds were made up and they did not heed or could
+not understand his gestures, at so swift a pace; and then, swifter
+still, a fragment of shell tore its way through Nolan's heart and his
+horse wheeled and bore him, dead, but still upright, through the
+advancing ranks before he fell.
+
+Meanwhile the brigade hurled forward, through the dense pall of smoke
+before the guns, into that dreadful impact which has shown the nations
+for ever what our heroes can do. Those who passed between the shot and
+shell passed also between the guns, sabring the gunners as they went,
+until they launched upon the squadron beyond. Then ensued a mighty
+conflict for the possession of the guns. While those in the first line
+fought fiercely with the enemy's cavalry the second and third lines
+thundered in and made their business plain. It was to silence the guns,
+and with all the courage of their kind they did it. Their tracks could
+be traced next day on the field by the lines of dead whose heads were
+not left upon their bodies, or were cloven "from the nave to the
+chaps." The fight was unequal, but they did not seem to realise it, for
+they fought their way back with a persistency that sent an undying
+thrill through all the world. These heroes fought on, and would have
+done so to the last drop had it not been for a timely charge of the
+French Chasseurs d'Afrique upon the pressing hosts of the enemy. Thus
+they were extricated--all that were left of them. "Then they rode
+back"--some 170 in formation.
+
+When they lined up in their original position and Lord Cardigan counted
+them in a glance, he said "Men, it was a mad-brained trick, but it was
+no fault of mine." Later, when the French General was asked his
+opinion, he replied, "It was magnificent, but it was not war." Later
+still, when Lord Cardigan came home, Queen Victoria asked him simply,
+"Where is my army?" Yet, though critics may speak of "absolute
+inutility," and calculating militarists of "sheer waste of life," it
+still remains that the crowning glory of the Light Brigade, born that
+day at Balaclava, has outlived all the survivors of that deathless
+fray, and will still live on when the sword of the conquered has been
+beaten once more into the ploughshare of peace. Ask any man of the 11th
+Hussars fighting at the front to-day what he thinks about the Charge of
+the Light Brigade, and, whatever he says, he will stand an inch higher
+while saying it. And so it is with the nation. In these days, from the
+Secretary for War to the latest recruit--even to the humblest
+non-combatant grimly enduring--we are greater, stronger, more
+whole-hearted for the memory of that glorious episode. It is far
+reaching. It is immortal.
+
+    "When can their glory fade?
+    Oh! the wild charge they made!
+      All the world wondered.
+    Honour the charge they made,
+    Honour the Light Brigade;
+      Noble Six Hundred!"
+
+Ten days had elapsed since their defeat at Balaclava when the Russians
+planned an over-whelming attack on our besieging army. Their objective
+was Mount Inkerman, their methods were secret, and their men 60,000.
+The event shows that they hoped, by sending a strong force to the west
+of Sevastopol and some 20,000 men to engage our army in the field, to
+carry Inkerman, and so compel us to raise the siege.
+
+Through the mists of the cold November morning the Russians, stirred to
+the highest enthusiasm by the priests, advanced on Inkerman, and a
+fight of the most desperate character ensued. Our Second Division, sore
+pressed by overwhelming numbers, was suffering heavily, when,
+notwithstanding the fog, the enemy's strategy became apparent, and the
+Rifle Brigade were sent hurrying up from the field to their assistance.
+The 50th followed, and the battle round Inkerman, now a trifle less
+unequal, eddied and swirled and locked, turning now in favour of one
+side and now the other. All sides belched flame and in turn were
+bespattered with lead. Here a heap of Russian slain, and there, through
+a rift of the mist, a fitful gleam of serried bayonets. The British
+broke ranks and formed squares, and, in this formation, every square
+found work of its own in repelling the fierce and sudden rushes of the
+enemy. A couple of 18-pounders were brought up and long gaps were hewn
+out of the deep ranks of the attacking host. Small groups found
+antagonists by instinct in the mist and fought to a finish on their
+own. Commanders became fighting-men, and every fighting-man his own
+commander. It rested with each and all who had in common, not only the
+fog, but a general purpose, to see that they kept their place between
+anything Russian and the summit of Inkerman; and, in the process of
+this, hand-to-hand combats as heroic as any in the Trojan War were
+joined. "A series of dreadful deeds of daring," says Davenport Adams,
+"of sanguinary hand-to-hand fights, of despairing rallies, of desperate
+assaults in glens and valleys, in brush-wood and glades and remote
+dales, from which the conquerors issued only to engage fresh foes, till
+the old supremacy, so readily assailed, was again triumphant and the
+battalions of the Czar gave way before our steady courage and the
+chivalrous fire of France."
+
+
+_Wyman & Sons Ltd., Printers, London and Reading._
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of British Regiments at the Front, The
+Story of Their Battle Honours, by Reginald Hodder
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+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of British Regiments at the Front, The Story
+of Their Battle Honours, by Reginald Hodder
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: British Regiments at the Front, The Story of Their Battle Honours
+
+Author: Reginald Hodder
+
+Release Date: January 18, 2014 [EBook #44701]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Brian Coe and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+created from images of public domain material made available
+by the University of Toronto Libraries
+(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img width="360" height="600" id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="cover"></div>
+
+<div class="box">
+<div class="figcenter"><img width="210" height="31" alt="The Daily Telegraph" src="images/000.jpg"></div>
+
+<p class="ctr">
+WAR BOOKS
+</p>
+</div>
+<br>
+<p class="ctrlarge">
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+</p>
+
+<br><br>
+<div class="widebox">
+<table summary="List heading">
+<tr>
+<td class="leftcenter">Cloth<br>1/- net<br>each</td>
+<td class="center"><img width="210" height="31" alt="The Daily Telegraph" src="images/000.jpg">
+<br>WAR BOOKS</td>
+<td class="rightcenter">Post<br>free<br>1/3<br>each</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<ul>
+<li>HOW THE WAR BEGAN</li>
+<li>By W. L. COURTNEY. LLD., and J. M. KENNEDY</li>
+<li>THE FLEETS AT WAR</li>
+<li>By ARCHIBALD HURD</li>
+<li>THE CAMPAIGN OF SEDAN</li>
+<li>By GEORGE HOOPER</li>
+<li>THE CAMPAIGN ROUND LIEGE</li>
+<li>By J. M. KENNEDY</li>
+<li>IN THE FIRING LINE</li>
+<li>By A. ST. JOHN ADCOCK</li>
+<li>GREAT BATTLES OF THE WORLD</li>
+<li>By STEPHEN CRANE</li>
+<li><small>Author of "The Red Badge of Courage."</small></li>
+<li>BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT</li>
+<li>The story of their Battle Honour.</li>
+<li>THE RED CROSS IN WAR</li>
+<li>By Miss MARY FRANCES BILLINGTON</li>
+<li>FORTY YEARS AFTER</li>
+<li><small>The Story of the Franco-German War. By H. C. BAILEY.</small></li>
+<li><small>With an Introduction by W. L. COURTNEY. LL.D.</small></li>
+<li>A SCRAP OF PAPER</li>
+<li><small>The Inner History of German Diplomacy.</small></li>
+<li>By E. J. DILLON</li>
+<li>HOW THE NATIONS WAGED WAR</li>
+<li><small>A companion volume to "How the War Began," telling how the world faced.</small></li>
+<li><small>Armageddon and how the British Army answered the call to arms.</small></li>
+<li>By J. M. KENNEDY</li>
+<li>AIR-CRAFT IN WAR</li>
+<li>By S. ERIC BRUCE</li>
+<li>FAMOUS FIGHTS OF INDIAN NATIVE REGIMENTS</li>
+<li>THE TRIUMPHANT RETREAT TO PARIS</li>
+<li>THE RUSSIAN ADVANCE</li>
+<li>&nbsp;</li>
+<li><i>OTHER VOLUMES IN PREPARATION</i></li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<p class="ctr">
+PUBLISHED FOR THE DAILY TELEGRAPH<br>
+BY HODDER &#38; STOUGHTON, WARWICK SQUARE,<br>
+LONDON, E.C.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<br><br>
+<h1>
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+<br>
+
+<span class="small">
+THE STORY OF THEIR BATTLE HONOURS</span>
+</h1>
+
+<br>
+<div class="titlepage">
+<p class="ctrsmaller">
+BY
+</p>
+
+<p class="ctr">
+REGINALD HODDER
+</p>
+
+<br><p class="ctr">
+HODDER AND STOUGHTON<br>
+LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO<br>
+<small>MCMXIV</small>
+</p>
+</div>
+<br>
+<p>
+The Author wishes to express his indebtedness to <span class="sc">Mr. J.
+Norvill</span> for his valuable assistance and suggestions.
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+CONTENTS
+</h2>
+
+<table summary="Contents">
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt"><small>CHAPTER</small></td>
+<td class="txt">&nbsp;</td>
+<td class="pg"><small>PAGE</small></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="txt" colspan="2">INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER&#8212;NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY WERE WON</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#intro">9</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">I.</td>
+<td class="txt">5TH DRAGOON GUARDS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#I">41</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">II.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE CARABINIERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#II">43</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">III.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE SCOTS GREYS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#III">49</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">IV.</td>
+<td class="txt">15TH HUSSARS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#IV">57</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">V.</td>
+<td class="txt">18TH HUSSARS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#V">61</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">VI.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE GRENADIER GUARDS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#VI">63</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">VII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#VII">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">VIII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE ROYAL SCOTS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#VIII">76</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">IX.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#IX">84</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">X.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#X">89</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XI.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE NORFOLKS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XI">92</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE BLACK WATCH</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XII">100</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XIII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XIII">113</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XIV.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XIV">118</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XV.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XV">139</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XVI.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XVI">142</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XVII.</td>
+<td class="txt">THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XVII">146</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XVIII.</td>
+<td class="txt">FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XVIII">156</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="chpt">XIX.</td>
+<td class="txt">BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN</td>
+<td class="pg"><a href="#XIX">178</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="intro">&nbsp;</a>
+NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY WERE WON
+</h2>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Rusty Buckles."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) got their name of "The Bays" in
+1767 when they were mounted on bay horses&#8212;a thing which distinguished
+them from other regiments, which, with the exception of the Scots
+Greys, had black horses. Their nickname, "The Rusty Buckles," though
+lending itself to a ready explanation, is doubtful as to its origin;
+but one thing is certain that the rust remained on the buckles only
+because the fighting was so strenuous and prolonged that there was no
+time to clean it off.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Royal Irish."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 4th Dragoon Guards received this title in 1788, in recognition of
+its long service in Ireland since 1698. The regiment also has the name
+of the "Blue Horse" from the blue facings of the uniform.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Green Horse."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were given this name in 1717 when their facings
+were changed from buff to green. Some time later, after Salamanca, they
+were also called the "Green Dragoon Guards."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Tichborne's Own."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 6th Dragoon Guards, or Carabiniers, have been known as "Tichborne's
+Own" ever since the trial of Arthur Orton, as Sir Roger Tichborne had
+served for some time in the regiment. The name of "Carabiniers" has
+distinguished them ever since 1692, when they were armed with long
+pistols or "carabins." With these weapons they did signal work in
+Ireland in 1690-1.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Scots Greys."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This regiment, the 2nd Dragoons, has been known by many names: "Second
+to None," "The Old Greys," "Royal Regiment of Scots Dragoons," (in
+1681, when they were commanded by the famous Claverhouse); "The Grey
+Dragoons" in 1700, the "Scots Regiment of White Horses," the "Royal
+Regiment of North British Dragoons" in 1707, the "2nd Dragoons" in
+1713, and the "2nd Royal North British Dragoons" in 1866.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Associated with them and all their different names is the memorable cry
+of "Scotland for ever"&#8212;that wild shout they raised as they charged the
+French infantry at Waterloo. At Ramillies they captured the colours of
+the French R&#233;giment du Roi and by this gained the right to wear
+grenadier caps instead of helmets. "Bubbly Jocks" is a nickname
+frequently used among themselves&#8212;a name derived from the fact that
+their dress in its general effect is not unlike that of the "Bubbly
+Jock" or turkey cock.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Lord Adam Gordon's Life Guards."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 3rd Hussars received this nickname from the fact that when Lord
+Adam Gordon commanded the regiment in Scotland he kept it there for
+such a long time&#8212;"for <i>life</i>" so to speak. When it was raised, in
+1685, the regiment was called "The Queen Consort's Regiment of
+Dragoons." In 1691 it was known as "Leveson's Dragoons." In the time of
+the George's it was called variously "King's Own Dragoons" and "Bland's
+Horse." In 1818 it was made a "Light Dragoon" regiment, and it was not
+until 1861 that it became Hussars.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Paget's Irregular Horse."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 4th Hussars received this title on its return from foreign service,
+when it was remarked that its drill was less regular than that of the
+other regiments. In 1685 it was called the "Princess Ann of Denmark's
+Regiment of Dragoons." Like the 3rd it was formed into a regiment of
+Hussars in 1861.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Red Breasts."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 5th Lancers, or Royal Irish, are called "Red Breasts" because of
+their scarlet facings. In 1689 they were known as the "Royal Irish
+Dragoons," having been raised to assist at the siege of Londonderry in
+1688. They became the "5th Royal Irish Lancers" in 1858. This regiment
+has also been called the "Daily Advertisers," but the derivation of
+this name is somewhat obscure.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Delhi Spearmen."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 9th Lancers received this name from the rebels of the Indian
+Mutiny, against whom they used their long lances with such deadly
+effect. In 1830 they were known as the "Queen's Royal Lancers," and
+"Wynne's Dragoons."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Cherry Pickers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 11th Hussars were dubbed "Cherry Pickers" because some of their men
+during the Peninsular War were taken prisoners in a fruit garden while
+supposed to be on outpost duty. They are known also as "Prince Albert's
+Own" from the fact that they formed part of the Prince's escort from
+Dover to Canterbury when he arrived in England in 1840 as the late
+Queen's chosen Consort. One hears them sometimes referred to as the
+"Cherubims," from their crimson overalls, busby bag, and crimson and
+white plume.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Supple 12th."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Salamanca that the 12th Lancers received this honoured name,
+because of their dash and rapid movements.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Fighting 15th."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Emsdorf that the 15th Hussars won this name, and their feat
+of arms on that field gained them the privilege to wear on their
+helmets the following inscription: "Five battalions of French defeated
+and taken by this Regiment with their colours and nine pieces of cannon
+at Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." In 1794, at Villiers-en-Couch&#233;, they
+charged with the Austrian Leopold Hussars against vastly superior
+numbers to protect the person of the Austrian Emperor. In recognition
+of this the then Kaiser presented each of the eight surviving officers
+with a medal. In 1799 they received the Royal honour of decking their
+helmets with scarlet feathers. The "Fighting 15th" are also known in
+history as "Elliot's Light Horse."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Dumpies."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 20th Hussars, together with the 19th and 21st, received the name of
+"Dumpies" from the fact that the regiment when formed of volunteers
+from the disbanded Bengal European Cavalry of the East India Company
+were short and dumpy. Though nowadays there is many a giant among the
+20th, the name of "Dumpies" still survives.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Mudlarks."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Engineers received this name from the nature of their
+ordinary business in war. In 1722 they were called the "Soldier
+Artificers Corps"; and, in 1813, "The Royal Sappers and Miners."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Gunners."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Artillery have held this name from their regular formation in
+1793. Formerly, after the rebellion in Scotland, they were known as the
+"Royal Regiment of Artillery," and, though not in any way formed into a
+regiment, they date still further back, one might say even to the early
+days when guns were made of wood and leather. That was before 1543,
+when the first gun was cast in England. In 1660 the master gunner was
+called the "Chief Fire Master". The Honourable Artillery Company was
+founded in 1537 and is the oldest Volunteer Corps in Great Britain.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Sandbags."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Grenadier Guards gained this peculiar name from their special
+privilege of working in plain clothes for wages at coal or gravel
+heaving, and for this same reason they were often called "Coalheavers."
+They seem to have got this name in Flanders, where they excelled at
+trench work. Another of their nicknames is "Old Eyes." In 1657 they
+were known as the "Royal Regiment of Guards," and in 1660 as the
+"King's Regiment of Guards."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Coldstreamers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Coldstream Guards received their name in 1666 when Monk marched
+them from Coldstream to assist Charles II to regain his throne. They
+have been called the "<i>Nulli Secundus Club</i>," in memory of the
+fact that Charles, before he hit on the name "Coldstream Guards,"
+wished to call them the "2nd Foot Guards," a thing to which they
+strongly objected, saying that they were "second to none."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Jocks."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The origin of this name for the Scots Guards is obvious. History is a
+little uncertain about their record, as their papers were burnt by
+accident in 1841; but this is certain, that they were raised as Scots
+Guards in 1639 and were called later the "Scots Fusilier Guards" and
+the "3rd Foot Guards," after which, in 1877, they resumed the name of
+"Scots Guards."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This strange nickname of the Royal Scots Regiment is based on an
+equally strange story. As long ago as 1637, when most other regiments
+were as yet unborn, a dispute arose between the Royal Scots and the
+Picardy Regiment on the point of priority in age. The Picardy Regiment
+claimed to have been on duty the night after the Crucifixion. But the
+Royal Scots met this with a withering volley. "Had we been on duty
+then," they said, "we should not have slept at our post." This incident
+caused some wag to dub the Royal Scots "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard,"
+and the name has stuck to them ever since. There is another tradition
+that this regiment represents the body of Scottish Archers, who for
+many centuries formed the guard of the French Kings. It fought in the
+seven years' war under Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, and was
+incorporated in the British Army in 1633. Since then, whenever war has
+been declared, every man of "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard" has been among
+the last to stay at home.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Lions."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Lancaster Regiment bears upon its colour the Lions of
+England, disposed, as in Trafalgar Square, one at each quarter. This
+distinction was given them by the Prince of Orange, as they were the
+first regiment to join him in 1688 when he landed at Torbay. They have
+also been called "Barrell's Blues" from their Commander and their blue
+facings. They received the title of "King's Own" from George I., in
+1715, and our late King Edward became their Colonel-in-Chief in 1903.
+Our present King is now the Colonel-in-Chief.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Kirke's Lambs."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal West Surrey Regiment (The Queen's) derived this name from
+Kirke and from the Paschal Lamb in each of the four corners of its
+colour. The name has also an ironical derivation from the fact that
+they were employed to enforce the cruelties of "Bloody Judge Jeffreys."
+Another nickname of theirs is the "First Tangerines," because they were
+raised in 1661 as the "Tangiers Regiment of Foot," for the purpose of
+garrisoning Tangiers, at that time a British possession. John
+Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, began his career in this Regiment.
+Another nickname, "Sleepy Queen's" is derived from a slight omission of
+theirs at Almeida, when, through some oversight, they allowed General
+Brennier to escape. But they have so far lived this down that now,
+<i lang="la">ut lucus a non lucendo</i>, they are called "sleepy" because they
+are always very wide awake.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Shiners."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Northumberland Fusiliers deserve that name because they are always
+so spic-and-span. They also deserve the name of "Fighting Fifth"
+because they have many a time proved their right to it. At the battle
+of Kirch Denkern (1761) they captured a whole regiment of French
+infantry, and, in the following year, at Wilhelmsthal, they took twice
+their own number prisoners. They have also the name of "Lord
+Wellington's Body Guard" because, in 1811, they were attached to
+Headquarters. Another name is "The Old and Bold." On St. George's day
+the "Fighting Fifth" wear roses in their caps, but the origin of this
+is not clear, unless it may be that one of their badges is "St. George
+and the Dragon," and another "The Rose and Crown." They also wear the
+white feathers of the French Grenadiers on the anniversary of the
+battle of La Vigie, when Comte de Grasse attempted to relieve the
+Island of St. Lucia in the West Indies. On that occasion the "Old and
+Bold" took the white plumes from the caps of their defeated opponents,
+the French Grenadiers. To-day, the white in the red and white hackle
+now worn by them refers back to that terrible death-struggle. The 5th
+is the only foot regiment which has the distinction of a red and white
+pompon. It is worth recording here that they formed part of a force
+which repulsed overwhelming numbers of the enemy on the heights of El
+Bodon (1811) during the investment of Ciudad Rodrigo. The Iron Duke
+spoke of this achievement as "a memorable example of what can be done
+by steadiness, discipline and confidence."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Elegant Extracts."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The word sounds like a fashionable chemical compound, but its real
+meaning is derived from the fact that the officers of the Royal
+Fusiliers&#8212;except 2nd Lieutenants and Ensigns, of which at the time
+they had none&#8212;were "extracted" from other corps. In the eighteenth
+century they were known as the "Hanoverian White Horse." Those who have
+lived to remember the Crimean War will remember also that brave song,
+"Fighting with the 7th Royal Fusiliers"&#8212;a song which became so popular
+that the regiment could have been recruited four times over had it been
+necessary.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Leather Hats."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The King's (Liverpool) Regiment gained their name from their head-gear.
+They were raised by James II. in 1685. In the American War an officer
+and 40 men of the "Leather Hats" captured a fort held by 400 of the
+enemy. It is interesting to know that this regiment has an allied
+regiment of the Australian Commonwealth&#8212;the 8th Australian Infantry
+Regiment.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Holy Boys."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Norfolk Regiment has had this name ever since the Peninsular War.
+In that campaign the Spaniards, seeing the figure of Britannia on the
+cross-belts of the 9th, thought that it was a representation of the
+Virgin Mary. There is another story to the effect that they derive
+their name from their reputed practice of selling their Bibles to buy
+drink during the Peninsular War. But this I do not believe. Another
+name for them is the "Fighting Ninth"&#8212;a title which no one can refuse
+to believe. Their bravery at the siege of St. Sebastian might alone
+justify it.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Springers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Lincolnshire Regiment received this nickname during the American
+War because they were remarkable in their readiness to spring into
+action when called upon. It was the first infantry regiment to enter
+Boer territory during the late South African War. Their other name of
+"Lincolnshire Poachers" has no satisfactory derivation.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Bloody Eleventh."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There are two stories to account for this nickname of the Devonshire
+Regiment. One is that at Salamanca they were in a very sanguinary
+condition after the battle. The other is that when they were in Dublin
+in 1690 the regiment's contractor supplied bad meat, on which they
+swore that if he did so again they would hang the butcher. There was no
+improvement in the meat, so they hanged the delinquent in front of his
+own shop on one of his own meat-hooks. It is no doubt the first story
+that is the true one. Another name for the Devonshires is "One and
+All." It was a man in this regiment who wounded Napoleon at Toulon in
+1793.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Old Dozen."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Suffolk Regiment won glory for itself at the siege of Gibraltar. It
+also behaved with the greatest gallantry at Minden, and that is why on
+the 1st of August (Minden Day) the "Old Dozen" parade with a rose in
+the head-dress of each man. In connection with this they are also
+called the "Minden Boys."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Peacemakers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Bedfordshire Regiment were first known as the "Peacemakers" because
+at that time there were no battles on its colours. For the same reason
+no doubt they were also called "Bloodless Lambs." Another nickname of
+theirs is "The Old Bucks"&#8212;a title justified by their hard fighting in
+the Netherlands under William III. and also under Marlborough.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Bengal Tigers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Leicestershire Regiment gets its name from the Royal Green Tiger on
+its badge. This distinction was given it for a brilliant achievement in
+the Nepal War of 1814, when they captured a Standard bearing a tiger.
+They are also called "Lily Whites," from their white facings.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Green Howards."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Yorkshire Regiment was commanded by Colonel Howard, and has green
+facings. They are also called "Howard's Garbage," and must not be
+confused with the 24th Foot, also once commanded by a Colonel Howard,
+and styled "Howard's Greens."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Earl of Mar's Grey Breeks."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Scots Fusiliers received this name from the colour of their
+breeches at the time the regiment was raised in 1678. "The Grey Breeks"
+wear a white plume in their head-dress&#8212;an honour bestowed in
+recognition of their services during the Boer War.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Lightning Conductors."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There is some doubt as to how the Cheshire Regiment acquired this name.
+But it may be connected in some way with the fact that at Dettingen,
+when George II. was attacked by the French Cavalry, they formed round
+him under an oak tree and drove the enemy off. In remembrance of this
+occasion the oak leaf is worn by them at all inspections and reviews in
+obedience to the wish of George II. when he plucked a leaf from the
+tree and handed it to the Commander. They are also known as the "Two
+Twos" from their number, the 22nd. Another of their names is "The Red
+Knights," because, when recruiting at Chelmsford in 1795, red jackets,
+breeches and waistcoats were served out to them instead of the proper
+uniform. This regiment, under the name of the "Soulsburg Grenadiers,"
+was under Wolfe when he was mortally wounded at Quebec.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Nanny Goats."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Welsh Fusiliers are known as "Nanny Goats" or "Royal Goats"
+because they always have a goat, with shields and garlands on its
+horns, marching bravely at the head of the drum. This has been their
+custom for over a hundred years. A glance at the back of their tunics
+reveals a small piece of silk known as a "flash." It has been there
+ever since the days when its office was to keep the powdered pigtail
+from soiling the tunic. The King is Colonel-in-Chief of the "Nanny
+Goats."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Howard's Greens."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The South Wales Borderers were at one time commanded by a Colonel
+Howard. It was a company of this regiment which achieved immortal glory
+at Rorke's Drift, which they defended against 3,000 Zulus. In Africa
+they gained no less than eight V.C.'s. On the Queen's colour of each
+battalion may be seen a silver wreath. This was bestowed by Queen
+Victoria in memory of Lieutenants Melville and Coghill, who died to
+save the colours at Isandlhwana.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Botherers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The King's Own Scottish Borderers&#8212;the only regiment that was allowed
+to beat up for recruits in Edinburgh without asking the Lord Provost's
+permission&#8212;were called "Botherers," partly on this account and partly
+by corruption from "Borderers." They bear also the name of "Leven's
+Regiment," from the remarkable fact that in 1689 they were raised by
+the Earl of Leven in Edinburgh, in the space of four hours. They are
+also known as the "K.O.B.s."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Cameronians."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion of the Scottish Rifles are the descendants of the
+Glasgow Cameronian Guard which was raised during the Revolution of 1688
+from the Cameronians, a strict set of Presbyterians founded by
+Archibald Cameron, the martyr. The 2nd Battalion is known as "Sir
+Thomas Graham's Perthshire Grey Breeks." It received this name from the
+fact that when Lord Moira ordered the regiment to be equipped and
+trained as a Light Infantry Corps, their uniforms consisted of a red
+jacket faced with buff, over a red waistcoat, with buff tights and
+Hessians for the officers, and light grey pantaloons for the men. Both
+battalions now wear dark green doublets and tartan "trews."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Slashers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Gloucestershire Regiment derives its name of "Slashers" from its
+achievements in the battle of the White Plains in 1777. There is
+another story, however, that the name arose from a report that, on one
+occasion, a magistrate having refused shelter to the women of the
+regiment during a severe winter, some of the officers disguised
+themselves as Indians and slashed off both his ears. In Torres Straits
+there is a reef which is marked on the charts as the "Slashers' Reef"
+because, after the Khyber Pass disaster of 1842, the "Slashers" were on
+the way from Australia to India when the transport conveying them
+grounded on this reef. Their other name of the "Old Braggs" is derived
+from their Commander, General Braggs, of 1734. In regard to this there
+is the tradition of an order given by a wag of a Colonel when the "Old
+Braggs" were brigaded with other regiments with Royal Titles. The order
+runs:
+</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"Neither Kings nor Queens nor Royal Marines,</div>
+<div>But 28th Old Braggs;</div>
+<div>Brass before and brass behind;</div>
+<div>Ne'er feared a foe of any kind,&#8212;</div>
+<div class="i5">Shoulder arms!"</div></div></div></div>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Vein Openers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Worcestershire Regiment were dubbed "The Vein Openers" by the
+people of Boston, (U.S.A.) in 1770, because they were the first to draw
+blood in the preliminary disturbances before the war. After the
+Peninsular War they were called "Old and Bold." Another name for them
+is "Star of the Line," from the eight-pointed star on their pouches&#8212;a
+distinction peculiarly their own. The 2nd Battalion were known as the
+"Saucy Greens" from the colour of their facings and, presumably, their
+extreme sauciness.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Young Buffs."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion of the East Surrey Regiment derived their nickname
+from a peculiar royal mistake. At the battle of Dettingen, King George
+II., mistaking them for the "3rd Buffs," called out "Bravo Old Buffs!"
+Being reminded that they were not the "Old Buffs" but the 31st, His
+Majesty at once corrected his cry to "Bravo, Young Buffs!" and the name
+has stuck to the battalion ever since. The 2nd Battalion was raised at
+Glasgow in 1756 and takes its name of "Glasgow Greys" from that and the
+facings of the uniform.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Red Feathers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Battalion of the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry gained their
+nickname by a signal act of defiant heroism. During the American War of
+Independence they learned that the enemy had marked them down as men to
+whom no quarter was to be given. On this the Light Company, wishing to
+restrict the full force of this threat to themselves, and to prevent
+others suffering by mistake, stained their plume feathers red as a
+distinguishing mark. For this fine act they were authorised to wear a
+red feather, and this honour is perpetuated in the red cloth of the
+helmet and cap badge and the red pughri worn on foreign service. Their
+other nickname "The Laced&#230;monians" has a dash of grim humour in its
+origin. During the same war, at the time of all times when the men were
+under a withering fire, their Colonel made a long speech to them&#8212;all
+about the Laced&#230;monians, a brave race enough, but terribly ignorant of
+rifle fire.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Havercake Lads."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The West Riding Regiment (The Duke of Wellington's) is said to have
+derived its nickname from the fact that the recruiting sergeants in the
+old days carried an oat cake on the points of their swords. There is a
+joke among "The Havercakes" as old as their first recruiting sergeant.
+This enterprising man was in the habit of addressing the Yorkshire
+crowd as follows: "Come, my lads; don't lose your time listening to
+what them foot sojers says about their ridgements. List in <i>my</i>
+ridgement and you'll be all right. Their ridgements are obliged to
+march on foot, but <i>my</i> ridgement is the gallant 33rd, the First
+Yorkshire West <i>Riding</i> Ridgement, and when ye join headquarters
+ye'll be all mounted on horses."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Battalion is known as "The Immortals," from the fact that in
+the Indian wars under Lord Lake every man bore the marks of wounds.
+They were also called "The Seven and Sixpennies" from their number
+(76th) and from the fact that seven and sixpence represented a
+lieutenant's pay.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Orange Lilies."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment was named "The Orange
+Lilies" from their early facings, orange, a mark of favour from William
+III., in 1701, and the white plume taken from the Roussillon French
+Grenadiers at Quebec in 1759. They were originally called "The Belfast
+Regiment" then "The Prince of Orange's Own." The orange facings were
+replaced by blue in 1832, and the white plumes disappeared in 1810; but
+the white (Roussillon) plume is still a badge of the Royal Sussex.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Pump and Tortoise."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion South Staffordshire Regiment earned half their
+nickname from their extreme sobriety and the other half from the slow
+way they set about their work when actually stationed at Malta. The 2nd
+Battalion is known as "The Staffordshire Knots."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"Sankey's Horse."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Battalion Dorsetshire Regiment, under Colonel Sankey in 1707,
+arrived at Almanza during the battle mounted on mules, hence the term
+"Sankey's Horse," applied to a foot regiment. They were the first
+King's regiment to land in India, in memory of which they have for
+their motto "Primus in Indis." In 1742 the regiment was popularly known
+as "The Green Linnets" from the "sad green" facings of its uniform. The
+2nd Battalion acquired the name of "The Flamers" from their large share
+in the destruction of the town and stores of New London, together with
+twelve privateers, by fire in 1781.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Excellers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This name was fastened upon the 1st Battalion South Lancashire Regiment
+from its number (XL the 40th). It is also known as "The Fighting
+Fortieth." Until its amalgamation with the 82nd it had the honour of
+being next to the Royal Scots in the number of battle honours on its
+colour.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The 1st Invalids."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion Welsh Regiment is set down in old Army Lists under
+this name because it was first raised as a regiment of Invalids, in
+1719. In George II's, time it was known as "Wardour's Regiment." The
+nickname of the 2nd Battalion is a curious play on words&#8212;or rather
+figures. They are called the "Ups and Downs" because their number
+(69th) reads the same when inverted. The 69th are also called "The Old
+Agamemnons," a fancy title bestowed on them by Lord Nelson at St.
+Vincent after the name of his ship, on which a detachment was serving
+as marines.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Black Watch."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Highlanders won this honoured name from the sombre colour of
+their tartan some ten years before their Highland Companies were formed
+into a regiment known as "The Highland Regiment." Its first Colonel,
+Lord Crawford, being a lowlander, had no family tartan, so, it is said,
+this special tartan was devised. The bright colours in the various
+tartans are said to have been extracted, leaving only the dark green
+ground. The French, under the impression that in their own mountainous
+country they ran wild and naked, called them "Sauvages d'Ecosse." The
+red hackle in their bonnets was won at Guildermalsen in 1794.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Cauliflowers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Loyal North Lancashire Regiment have this nickname from the former
+colour of the facings of the 1st Battalion. They are also called "The
+Lancashire Lads." After Quebec the 47th were nicknamed "Wolfe's Own"
+and to this day the officers of both battalions wear a black worm in
+their lace gold as a sign of sorrow for their general's death. This is
+the only regiment that is officially styled "Loyal," the 2nd Battalion
+having been known prior to 1881 as the 81st (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers).
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Steelbacks."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This is the name applied to the Northamptonshire Regiment because of
+the unflinching way in which they took their floggings. While under
+Wellington in the Peninsular War one, Hovenden, a private, was flogged
+for breach of discipline. At the twentieth stroke he fainted and this
+so disgusted his comrades that on his recovery they cut him dead. Much
+annoyed at this Hovenden marched up to the Colonel and called him a
+fool, and for this he was ordered to be flogged again. That night the
+regiment was attacked by the French, and Hovenden, evading the guard,
+arrived on the battlefield in time to see his Colonel captured by the
+enemy. With his musket he shot down the captors and then liberated the
+Colonel and bound up his wounds. After this he returned to make sure of
+his flogging, but was struck by a bullet and killed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Northamptonshires have also the honoured name, "Heroes of
+Talavera," because they turned the tide of battle on that victorious
+day.
+</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="image"><img width="500" height="271" src="images/001.jpg" alt="THE &quot;DIE HARDS&quot; AT ALBUERA.">
+<p class="caption">
+THE "DIE HARDS" AT ALBUERA.
+<br><i>From a Painting by R Caton Woodville</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Blind Half Hundred."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion Royal West Kent Regiment suffered greatly from
+ophthalmia in Egypt in 1801, hence this nickname. They were called also
+"The Dirty Half Hundred" because the men, when in action in hot
+weather, used to wipe their faces with their black cuffs, with obvious
+results. Another of their names is "The Devil's Royals," and yet
+another "The Gallant 50th"&#8212;this last because at Vimiera, in 1807, 900
+of them routed 5,307 of the enemy.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Kolis."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry derive their name of "Kolis"
+from their initials. The name often takes the corrupted form of
+"Coalies."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Die-Hards."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 1st Battalion Duke of Cambridge's Own (Middlesex Regiment) were
+styled "Die Hards" from the memorable words of Inglis at Albuera: "Die
+hard, my men; die hard!"&#8212;words which were endorsed by Stanley at
+Inkerman when he said: "Die hard! Remember Albuera!" The 2nd Battalion
+are called "The Pothooks," from their number (77).
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Royal American Provincials."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This distinguished popular name was bestowed on the King's Royal Rifle
+Corps because they were raised in America.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Bloodsuckers."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Manchester Regiment appear to have acquired this name from general
+and warlike reasons. The 1st Battalion displayed great courage and
+steadiness in the defence of Ladysmith. The 2nd Battalion was formerly
+the "Minorca Regiment" and became part of the Line in 1804 as the 97th
+(Queen's German) Regiment, becoming later the 96th Foot.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Strada Reale Highlanders."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Gordon Highlanders (92nd and 75th) would propound a riddle to you:
+What is the difference between the 92nd and the 75th? The answer is
+that the 92nd are real Highlanders, and the 75th are Real(e)
+Highlanders.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Cia mar tha's."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Cameron Highlanders owe this nickname to Sir Allen Cameron, who
+raised the regiment. It was his word to everybody: "Cia mar tha!" (How
+d'ye do!)
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Garvies."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Connaught Rangers are called "Garvies" because their recruits, when
+first the regiment was raised, were both lean and raw. Now a "garvie"
+is a small herring.
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="toppad">
+"The Blue Caps."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the time of the relief of Cawnpore, a despatch of Nana Sahib was
+intercepted, containing a reference to those "blue-capped English
+soldiers who fought like devils." These "Blue-Caps" were the Madras
+Fusiliers, then a "John Company" regiment, but now the 1st Battalion
+Royal Dublin Fusiliers. The name was later stamped in perpetuity by
+Havelock, at the bridge of Charbagh. The question was put to him by
+Outram as to who could possibly carry the bridge under so deadly a
+fire. "My Blue Caps!" replied Havelock, and his faith in them was
+justified, for they carried it against overwhelming odds. The Bombay
+Fusiliers (another "John Company" regiment) now the 2nd Battalion Royal
+Dublin Fusiliers, have an equally distinguished record. They have been
+known as "The Old Toughs."
+</p>
+
+
+
+<br>
+<p class="booktitle">
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="I">&nbsp;</a>
+THE <span class="sc">5TH</span> DRAGOON GUARDS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+(<span class="sc">Cadogan's Horse</span>).
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were raised by the Earl of Shrewsbury to support
+James against "King Monmouth" at Sedgmoor. For the same reasons that
+"Britons never, never will be slaves," they refused, on consideration,
+to support James, and sided with William, for whom they threw in their
+weight at the Boyne. They were also at a former siege of Namur, and
+bore themselves bravely at Blenheim.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The story is told that, after that battle, a Sunday Church parade was
+called, in which the British army deployed to fire a volley of victory,
+and Marshal Tallard, who was a prisoner, was reluctantly present on
+that occasion. After the volley, the Duke of Marlborough turned to
+Tallard, and asked what he thought of the British army. "Well enough,"
+replied Tallard, shrugging his shoulders, "but the troops they
+defeated, why, those are the best soldiers in the world!" "If that is
+so," said the Duke, "what will the world think of the fellows who
+thrashed them?" All obvious enough, but the Duke would never have slept
+quietly in his bed if he had left it unstated.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Salamanca, with the 3rd and 4th Light Dragoons, the 5th Dragoon
+Guards carved their way through a treble thickness of French army
+columns, under a heavy fire. For this marvellous achievement
+"Salamanca" is writ large on their colours.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Vestigia nulla retrorsum."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde,
+Malplaquet, Salamanca, Vittoria, Toulouse, Peninsula, Balaclava,
+Sevastopol, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Scarlet, dark green facings, red and white plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="II">&nbsp;</a>
+THE CARABINIERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Tichborne's Own.</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"It is your sex that makes us go forth to fight&#8230;.</div>
+<div>It is your sex who cherish our memories."</div></div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<div class="i16"><i>Nelson.</i></div></div></div></div>
+<br>
+
+<p>
+There is not a woman in our vast Empire who has not good cause to
+regard with admiration and gratitude those noble protectors and
+terrible avengers of the honour of their sex&#8212;the Carabiniers. During
+the Indian Mutiny&#8212;but first a brief word as to their history.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It dates from the time of Monmouth's rebellion, when they were raised
+by Lord Lumley to support King James. Owing to the fact, however, that
+Lord Lumley was no supporter of the king's tyrannies, the regiment
+seceded, and later, when the Prince of Orange landed, threw in their
+lot with him whole-heartedly. Their title, "The Carabiniers," was
+bestowed upon them in recognition of the great part they played in the
+battle of the Boyne, for William had in mind the famous carabiniers of
+Louis XIV.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the list of the glories of the Carabiniers is Aughrim. Macaulay says
+about this occasion: "St. Ruth laughed when he saw the Carabiniers and
+the Blues struggling through a morass under a fire which, at every
+moment, laid some gallant hat and feather on the earth." "What did they
+mean?" he asked, and then he swore it was a pity to see such fine
+fellows marching to certain destruction. Nevertheless, at the issue of
+that business, it was he, and his troops, that reaped the destruction.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was some little time later that the Carabiniers saved the situation
+for King William at Landen, by an obstinate stand against his pursuers,
+while he crossed the bridge. As Corporal Trim in "Tristram Shandy"
+says; "If it had not been for the regiments of Wyndham, (<i>i.e.</i>,
+the Carabiniers) Lumley and Galway, which covered the retreat over the
+bridge at Neerspecken, the king himself could scarcely have gained it."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In three continents the Carabiniers have fought their way to an exalted
+fame. At Ramillies they captured the standard of the Royal Regiment of
+Bombardiers of France. At Malplaquet they measured steel and courage
+with the formidable Household Brigade of France and came out
+victorious. And from that time onward their glorious career can be
+traced through Europe, Asia and Africa in such clear lines that the
+enemy who runs has read.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But it was during the time of the Indian Mutiny that they performed
+feats of valour for which we British men, as well as the women, owe
+them heartfelt gratitude. They were among the reinforcements sent out
+to stay the terrible tide of massacre and rapine. How they struggled
+for life and empire at Delhi; repulsed the rebels outside Lucknow with
+fearful carnage, with loss of their leader; and, finally, when Lucknow
+had fallen, pursued the rebels with relentless wrath, dealing vengeance
+with a heavy hand&#8212;all this has been written by many pens. It has been
+the theme to make the driest book most vivid reading. It was the story
+of stern, ruthless punishment and revenge for the horrible crimes
+committed by the then unregenerate Sepoy against helpless women and
+children&#8212;crimes of torture, murder, wholesale massacre, and
+unconceivable outrage.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One has only to remember the horrible atrocities of the Indian Mutiny
+to acquit the Carabiniers of any charge of undue ferocity; one has only
+to remember Cawnpore, and the women and the babies, in order to admire
+their offices of stern, relentless retribution. And all this happened
+at the very time when all London was celebrating the centenary of the
+sublime victory of Plassey, and the brilliant acquisition of the Indian
+Empire under the genius of Clive.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When, at Meerut, on that never-to-be-forgotten Sunday, they pursued the
+fiends responsible for that awful massacre, the Carabiniers, together
+with the 60th Rifles drew a very determined line between righteous
+revenge and feeble long-sufferance; between just wrath, that
+ever-potential factor in heroic blood: primitive wrath, and its cognate
+barbarity of act. "Remember the women! Remember the babies!" ran
+through the ranks on that occasion; and, with one heart and mind, the
+Carabiniers and the 60th, an avenging host, pursued the rebels, and cut
+them to pieces, right up to the very gates of Delhi, imprecating as
+they slew. And well they might be forgiven for that. Never were the
+lives of the innocent and defenceless so quickly, terribly, yet justly
+avenged; never has a more awful nemesis from human hands fallen upon
+the destroyers of women and women's honour. And, remembering all this,
+we defend it and uphold it, for we know full well that, in this present
+war, the barbarities and atrocities committed by an unprincipled enemy
+must again meet with this righteous kind of vengeance. And, if it is
+the traditional and special aspiration of the Carabiniers of to-day to
+cry "Remember Louvain! Remember the women and babies of Belgium!" shall
+we say "Hold and spare!" No! shall we say, "Vengeance is God's: God
+will repay!" Yes, with all our heart and soul; and what better agency
+for repayment than that of our noble Carabiniers! They are not of the
+kind to repay barbarity with barbarity; but they are of the kind to use
+their swords with singular effect, and like English gentlemen, whose
+special office it is to wreak proper vengeance to-day as in the past on
+the destroyers of women and children.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Gungaree the Carabiniers lost three of their officers, but for this
+they took a heavy toll. Meeting the rebels three days later, they
+defeated them completely, taking their leaders prisoners. Again the
+terrible work began. Hotly they pursued the flying rebels, and put them
+to the sword without a show of quarter. Rebel blood flowed like water
+for the rebel deeds they had committed against right and honour.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde,
+Malplaquet, Sevastopol, Delhi, Afghanistan 1879-80, S. Africa
+1889-1902, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Blue, white facings, white plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="image"><img width="354" height="493" src="images/002.jpg" alt="CHARGE OF SCOTS GREYS AT WATERLOO.">
+<p class="caption">
+CHARGE OF SCOTS GREYS AT WATERLOO.
+<br><i>From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="III">&nbsp;</a>
+THE SCOTS GREYS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Second to None</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Greys, gallant Greys! I am 61 years old, but, if I were young
+again, I should like to be one of you."&#8212;<i>Sir Colin Campbell at
+Balaclava.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+The 2nd Dragoons (Royal Scots Greys), whose motto is "Second to None,"
+are pictured to British eyes and imaginations in that wonderful
+painting, "Scotland for Ever." The Charge of the Light Brigade, great
+and glorious as it was, is, and ever will be, is perpetually linked
+with the Charge of the Heavy Brigade, under Scarlett, when, faced with
+a vastly superior force of the enemy, it offered such heroic
+assistance, that, had it not been for this, the glory of the immortal
+six hundred might not have been sung in the same triumphant voice. It
+was a gallant feat on the part of the "Heavies"&#8212;a feat which, though
+somewhat overshadowed by the dazzling "Charge of the Six Hundred," was
+nevertheless greatly influential in turning the tide of battle.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+(Inseparately connected with the Scots Greys at the front to-day, is
+the Prince of Wales' Royal Lancers&#8212;the 12th. At Salamanca the "supple
+12th" joined in the final charge which routed the French cavalry. At
+Vittoria the Greys saw Joseph deprived of his crown, and were
+fortunately present at the conquest of San Sebastian. In Egypt they won
+honours under Abercromby, and to-day the emblazonment of the mystic
+sphinx on their standard bears witness to the most heroic deeds. What
+they have done, that they can do, and their gallant deeds in the
+present super-war show that while the Scots Greys are still second to
+none, the 12th Lancers are among the first in every glorious deed.)
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The charge of the Greys and Inniskillings has been graphically
+described by many writers. Perhaps the words "Up the hill, up the hill,
+up the hill," describe most vividly the terrific struggle. But Kinglake
+tells the story tensely:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"As lightning flashes through a cloud, the Greys and Inniskillings
+pierced through the dark masses of the Russians. The shock was but for a
+moment. There was a clash of steel, and a light play of sword blades in
+the air, and then the Greys and the Red Coats disappeared in the midst
+of the shaken and quivering columns. In another moment we saw them
+marching in diminished numbers, and charging against the second
+line&#8230;. The first line of Russians, which had been utterly smashed
+by our charge, were coming back to swallow up our handful of men. By
+sheer steel and sheer courage, Inniskilliner and Scot were winning their
+desperate way right through the enemies' squadrons."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+When we read to-day that the 5th British Cavalry Brigade, under General
+Chetwode, fought a brilliant action with German cavalry, in the course
+of which the 12th Lancers and Royal Scots Greys routed the enemy,
+spearing large numbers in flight, our thoughts fly back to the old
+days, when the 12th Lancers and the "Second to Nones" anticipated these
+feats of valour.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Ramillies that the Scots Greys galloped straight through a
+difficult morass, with an infantry battle raging round them. On they
+went, till they gained the approach to the heights beyond. Then they
+dashed up the steep acclivity to the heights, and down the other side,
+where they thundered like an avalanche on the enemy's Household
+Brigade. The impact of that sudden crash seemed to shake the
+battlefield. Says one who was there: "The crash of our meeting rose
+above the noise of battle; it was like sudden thunder." The French
+fought with the utmost desperation, but they were matched this time,
+not with nondescript and poorly trained Continental troops, but with
+picked British, and were literally swept away before the Scots Greys.
+Many battalions of infantry under their protection were cut to pieces
+by the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons, the predecessors of
+the 5th (Royal Irish) Lancers. Still the Greys pursued their
+devastating career through Autreglise, and, at a point beyond, overtook
+the French R&#233;giment du Roi, and secured its surrender. All that night,
+like flying demons, they pursued the retreating enemy, and what they
+did is traditionally summed up in the fact that they returned with no
+less than sixteen standards&#8212;truly a noble achievement!
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again, at Malplaquet, the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons came
+up against their old enemies the French Household Brigade. In three
+victorious charges they sustained the honour of their old victories
+over them, routing them utterly. Fate seems specially to have designed
+the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish to combat the French Household
+Brigade in days gone by, for, on many occasions when they have met, the
+pride of the latter has fallen before the valour of the former. Not
+only at Malplaquet, but also at Dettingen, the Greys, having cut their
+way through the French Cuirassiers, launched themselves irresistibly
+upon the French Household Cavalry. On this occasion, they swept them
+from the banks of the river, and wrested from them their crowning
+glory&#8212;their white standard of damask, embroidered with gold and
+silver, bearing in its centre a thunderbolt above their motto "Sensere
+Gigantes." So to-day it may be said that the giants who fell three
+times before the Scots Greys are now in the company of the Brobdignags.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Some other battles in which the Greys multiplied their glories are as
+follow:&#8212;Drouet, Oudenarde, Bethune, St. Venant, Aire, Bouchain,
+Sheriffmuir, and Fontenoy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Apart, and not yet apart, from their glorious traditions of battle, the
+Greys have a peculiar romance centring round one of their number, who
+fought for long years in their midst before it was ultimately
+discovered that their comrade of many fights was a woman. How, why, and
+where Christian Davies (n&#233;e Cavanagh) first entered the army is a
+matter of some doubt, but we first hear of her in the Netherlands as a
+private soldier, whither, as the story goes, she had gone to find her
+husband. Here she lived the life of the ordinary soldier, and
+maintained her disguise through everything, even flirting with the
+Dutch girls to such an extent that she was forced to fight a duel with
+a jealous sergeant, whom she wounded severely. On account of this she
+was obliged to leave the regiment, but immediately joined the Scots
+Greys. While living and fighting with these, she discovered her
+husband, but, being enamoured of the free soldier's life more than of
+him, she bade him wait till the conclusion of the war. Mean while, at
+her desire, he and she passed as brothers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was during the charge of the Scots Greys at Ramillies that Christian
+Davies met with a serious wound at the hands of a French dragoon, and,
+being brought to hospital, she confessed, to the surprise and
+admiration of all, that she was a woman. On her recovery, she still
+accompanied the army, as a vivandi&#232;re, in which capacity she was
+extremely popular. Ultimately, when the terrors of war had made her
+twice a widow, she returned to England, where Queen Anne graciously
+received her in audience, and presented her with a bounty of &#163;50,
+together with a pension of 1s. a day. At her funeral in Chelsea, in
+1739, she was accorded full military honours, and all the Scots Greys,
+at least, know well that three full volleys were fired above her grave.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is worth noting that the Royal Scots Greys, who, in the past, have
+fought fiercely against the Russians, have now as their Colonel-in-Chief
+H.I.M. Nicolas II., Emperor of Russia, K.G.&#8212;no longer an enemy, but a
+friend and an ally.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Thistle within the Circle and
+Motto of the Order of the Thistle. An Eagle.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"1546."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Blenheim, Ramillies,
+Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen, Waterloo, Balaclava, Sevastopol, S.
+Africa 1899-1902, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Scarlet, blue facings, white plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="IV">&nbsp;</a>
+15TH HUSSARS (THE KING'S)
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Elliot's Light Horse.</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p class="ctr">
+"Merebimur."&#8212;<i>Their Motto.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+One of the most thrilling and romantic episodes in cavalry fighting is
+the historic achievement of the 15th Hussars at Emsdorf. It was in
+July, 1760, that Major Erskine halted his troopers near the German
+village of Emsdorf, and bade them pluck the fresh twigs from the
+overhanging oaks, with a word of exhortation to the effect that they
+would acquit themselves with the firmness and stubbornness which have
+always been ascribed to that symbolic tree. Not long after this, the
+15th formed part of the Prince of Brunswick's troops, which had
+surrounded six battalions of French infantry, together with some
+artillery, and a regiment of hussars. The enemy eventually broke
+through, and fled, pursued by the 15th, who were unassisted. So hot was
+the pursuit, and so terrible the punishment inflicted by our hussars,
+that the enemy was forced to surrender no less than 177 officers, 2,482
+men, nine guns, six pairs of colours, and all the rams and baggage.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+All England rang with this achievement of the 15th Light Dragoons, and
+never has a squadron received so whole-hearted a eulogy as that
+contained in the General Order issued by the Prince of Brunswick. For
+many a day "Elliott's Regiment" bore "Emsdorf" on its guidons and
+appointments, while upon their helmets was written, "Five battalions of
+French defeated and taken by this regiment, with their colours, and
+nine pieces of cannon. Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." Now, as the regiment
+has become Hussars, the helmet has given place to the busby with no
+inscription; the guidons have disappeared, but the name "Emsdorf" may
+still be seen on the drum-cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 15th were prominent in all the achievements of our army during the
+next few years of that campaign. Many are the stories of dashing
+assault, grim fighting and heroic rescue, related of them during that
+time. When the Duke of Brunswick was surrounded by French Hussars at
+Friedburg, and it seemed impossible to prevent his capture, the 15th
+Hussars clapped spurs to their horses, and, with a terrific yell, swept
+down upon the French at full gallop. It was a body of determined men
+against overwhelming numbers; for, when they had driven back the
+hussars, they were still involved with the converging squadrons. But,
+with desperate valour they held their own until they had extricated
+their leader, and then they rode back, leaving double their number of
+the enemy dead on the field.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 15th Hussars were in the thick of the fight at Waterloo, and they
+bravely upheld that honour. After suffering great loss in the enemy's
+fire they made a dashing charge through storms of lead from both flanks
+against a superior force of cuirassiers, whom they drove back with
+heavy losses. The Official Record states: "From this period the
+regiment made furious charges &#8230; at one moment it was cutting down the
+musketeers, at the next it was engaged with lancers, and, when these
+were driven back, it encountered cuirassiers." For this glorious
+exploit they paid honourably with three officers, two sergeants, and
+twenty-three privates killed; seven officers, three sergeants and forty
+privates wounded.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 15th Hussars rendered heroic service in the Afghan War of 1878-80,
+when the treacherous Shere Ali was discovered favouring Russian
+intrigue. Many were the brilliant achievements of the 15th during this
+war, from Ali Musjid up to the investment of the Sherpur Cantonments,
+the final relief by Gough's Brigade, and the complete victory at
+Kandahar.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badge.</span>&#8212;The Crest of England within the Garter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Merebimur."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Emsdorf,
+Villers-en-Couch&#233;, Egmont-op-Zee, Sahagun, Vittoria, Peninsula,
+Waterloo, Afghanistan 1878-80.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Blue, scarlet busby-bag and plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="V">&nbsp;</a>
+<span class="sc">18th</span> HUSSARS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+(<span class="sc">Drogheda Light Horse</span>)
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The generic name of the 18th Hussars (Drogheda Light Horse) was
+bestowed specifically upon the corps raised in Ireland in 1759 by the
+Marquis of Drogheda, and numbered as the 19th Light Dragoons. It was
+renumbered as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1763, became a Hussar corps in
+1807, and was disbanded as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1821.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The present 18th Hussars were raised at Leeds in 1858, and inherited
+the honours of the Drogheda Light Horse proper. The silver trumpets
+used by the Drogheda Light Horse, and now in the possession of the 18th
+Hussars, were provided out of the proceeds of the sale of the captured
+horses at the Battle of Waterloo. The motto of the 18th Hussars is "Pro
+Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria Conamur" (We fight for King, Law, and
+Country).
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There is a traditional romance in the annals of the 18th Hussars which
+has its confirmation in modern history. A beautiful Spanish lady,
+finding herself a refugee with Wellington's forces in the Peninsula,
+fell in love with a young English officer named Harry Smith, and
+married him. By statesmanship and prowess in war he rose to be Sir
+Harry Smith, who commanded the forces that defeated the Boers at
+Boomplatz. Subsequently, the town of Ladysmith was so named after his
+wife. In this way the Peninsula is linked with South Africa in the
+annals of the 18th Hussars, not only by equal deeds in each campaign,
+but by a never-to-be-forgotten romance of real life.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BATTLE HONOURS. ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Pro Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria conamur."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Peninsula, Waterloo, S.
+Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Blue, blue bushy-bag, scarlet and
+white plume.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="VI">&nbsp;</a>
+THE GRENADIER GUARDS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Old Eyes</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"Though old in glory and honour</div>
+<div class="i1">They have yet the vigour of youth."</div></div></div></div>
+<br>
+
+<p>
+High in the estimation of every son and daughter of Britain stands that
+heroic band, the British Grenadiers. Their deeds have brought a fine
+thrill to every heart, and a stirring song to every voice; and, though
+there have been times when a pall of necessary silence, covering a
+"certain liveliness," has been imposed by the fog of a world-war, we
+have felt calmly assured that behind that fog our British Grenadiers
+were doing, or dying, in a way that must awaken the old thrill, and
+inspire a new song.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It has always been one of the greatest aids to success in battle to sum
+up the daring deeds of the past; the successes against fearful odds;
+the forlorn hopes bravely led; the breaches filled with our British
+dead; the stubborn resistance, and sometimes complete annihilation of
+one part for the success of the whole; the lofty sacrifice of the
+foremost, so that the hindmost may turn the tide of battle; and the
+heroic dash to certain death, which has always given birth to victory.
+And this aid of tradition has been accorded by their own deeds, and by
+the nation's appreciation, to none more strongly than to the British
+Grenadiers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Yet it must be remembered that the Grenadier Guards, though they share
+the honour and glory of all Grenadiers, were never really Grenadiers
+proper. They won the name at Waterloo, where they vanquished the French
+Grenadiers. Sharing the name, they share and perpetuate the memory of
+the song, which in the first place referred to the Grenadiers who threw
+the grenades "from the glacis." But, as a good old British song may
+gain in volume as it rolls down the years, there is no reason why the
+well-known air in question should not attach to the Grenadier Guards.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Well does the historian say that "their annals indeed may almost be
+said to be identical with those of the British Army, as in every
+campaign of importance&#8212;every campaign which has had a material bearing
+on the fortunes of the Commonwealth&#8212;their services have been called
+into requisition. They have shared in our greatest battles. Their
+serried ranks stood firm at Fontenoy; turned the tide of battle at
+Quatre Bras; withstood unshaken the assaults of Napoleon's brilliant
+chivalry at Waterloo, and ascended with stately movement the bristling
+heights of the Alma."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Mr. J. J. Hart, who was with the Grenadiers in the Boer War, gives a
+graphic description of the battle near Senekal:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"With the advent of quick-firing guns," says he, "the ancient
+magnificence of armies in battle array has disappeared for ever&#8230;.
+There is no shining armour; there are no waving plumes; and the blare of
+the trumpet is unheard. Watch those grey-clad figures as they silently
+scatter over the plain. They are the colour of the withered grass of the
+veldt. No two will walk together lest they should be a more conspicuous
+mark for those deadly guns. See them as they walk with bent heads. You
+might compare them to poachers or partridge-shooters travelling over a
+moor, only their advance is more cautious&#8230;.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"It was noon, and my battalion had halted on the plain. Far away for
+miles on our right the battle was raging, and, we with our grand
+fighting history, were left to act the inglorious part of lying on the
+grass waiting to cut off a possible retreat of the enemy. (Col.) Bunker
+stamped and swore and chewed his moustache&#8230;. Confusion to the
+General who crushed the flower of the British infantry so; but it was
+orders, and soldiers must obey. The Boers, however, were more generous
+to us than the General, and, in the working out of a little plan of
+their own, they were destined to cover us with wounds if not with glory.
+While we were lying musing on our fate, and thinking if the news of our
+being left out of the action should ever reach London, what we might
+expect at the hands of our enemies the cabdrivers, a force of Boers, of
+whose presence on a hill about half a mile in front we were blissfully
+ignorant, were preparing to open fire on us. They began proceedings by
+killing Bunker's horse with a percussion shell, which dropped right
+under him, and blew the animal to bits. Our artillery soon limbered up
+and replied to the shot, keeping up a continuous fire for about an hour,
+when, as they were unable to silence the gun, we advanced to take it by
+assault. We moved towards the hill in short rushes, lying down every
+fifty yards to fire a volley. The Boer shells which exploded between our
+extended line did little damage, and it looked as if we were going to
+make an easy capture of the gun. If there were any rifles on the hill
+they were certainly very careful about reserving their fire. We had got
+within 500 yards of the base of the hill, and had risen to make another
+rush when the rattling noise of a thousand rifle bolts together came to
+our ears. The whole of the front rank went down at the first volley;
+evidently the marksmen on the hill had taken very careful aim; then
+there followed a veritable hailstorm of lead, in the face of which no
+man could advance and live. We remained lying down and firing in the
+same position for about five hours.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The shadows of night were falling, and still the firing was kept up
+without intermission; when a new danger was observed to threaten us. A
+shell had ignited the long grass in our rear and a light breeze which
+was blowing soon turned the spark into a conflagration. The Boers,
+observing this, extended their flanks on our right and left, thus
+completely cutting off our retreat. Then followed a scene of tumult
+which is hard to describe. Wounded men who were unable to move &#8230;
+gazed with wild staring eyes at the flames, which, slowly but surely,
+crept towards them. Our left wing made one desperate rush to charge the
+Boers, but had to fall before the leaden hail. When the flames drew near
+many of our men made heroic efforts to remove our wounded through the
+blinding smoke and flame&#8230;. Others pulled their helmets over their
+faces and rushed through the fire. In all this confusion I noticed one
+man who showed rare presence of mind. He was badly wounded, and, being
+unable to get out of reach of the flames, he took some matches from his
+pocket and burnt the grass near him. He then crawled on to the black
+ground, and thus secured for himself a comparatively safe position when
+the fire approached him. The flames were now upon us, and fighting had
+ceased. Two men picked me up where I lay wounded, and, rushing with me
+through the flames, threw me down on the other side, and ran&#8230;. The
+fire burned itself out at the foot of the hill, and then all was
+darkness till the moon, shining out, showed us the blackened bodies of
+the dead, and men writhing in pain on the burned earth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Now the Boers came amongst us, and, passing from one wounded man to
+another, gave us water from their bottles. Then we heard a crackling of
+whips and a rumbling of wheels. The Boers left us, and we knew the
+ambulance wagons were coming."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR COLOURS, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">The King's Colours.</span>&#8212;1st Battn., Gules
+(crimson): in the centre the Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired
+proper. 2nd Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre the Royal Cypher
+reversed and interlaced or, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a
+grenade fired proper, in the dexter canton the Union. 3rd Battn.: as for
+2nd Battn., and for distinction, issuing from the Union in bend dexter,
+a pile wavy or.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Regimental Colours.</span>&#8212;The Union: in the
+centre a company badge ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a
+grenade fired proper. The thirty company badges are borne in rotation,
+three at a time, one on the regimental colour of each of the Battns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Blenheim, Ramillies,
+Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen, Lincelles, Corunna, Barrosa,
+Peninsula, Waterloo, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, Egypt 1882,
+Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1885, Khartoum, S. Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Scarlet, blue facings.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="VII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Nulli Secondus Club</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Sire! this regiment refuses to be known as second to any in the
+British Army."&#8212;<i>Monk</i> (<i>to Charles II.</i>)
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+History tells again how, in 1661, Charles, distrusting the soldiers in
+his service, called the 1st Foot Guards back to England. Following upon
+this, he speedily dismissed his Commonwealth soldiers, and, of all the
+Puritan regiments, he retained but one&#8212;the Coldstream Guards. This was
+the regiment which Monk had marched from Coldstream to the King's aid;
+hence their retention. An interesting story is related about them. It
+is said that when they were ordered to lay down their arms in
+repudiation of the Commonwealth, and commanded to resume them again, as
+the 2nd Foot Guards, they stood obstinately defiant, on the verge of
+mutiny. King Charles was dumbfounded, but Monk was equal to the
+situation. "Sire," he said, "this regiment refuses to be known as
+second to any in the British Army." On this, Charles, who was quick to
+the occasion with unworded gratitude for their timely help in a
+critical situation, cried: "Coldstream Guards, take up your arms!" and
+from that time forward they have been the Coldstream Guards.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Who can ever forget the glorious achievement of the Coldstream Guards
+at St. Amand in 1793? As soon as the Brigade of Guards gained contact
+with our then Allies-the Prussians and the Austrians&#8212;General
+Knobelsdorf, of the Prussian Army, welcomed them with, "I have reserved
+for the Coldstream Guards the honour, the especial glory, of dislodging
+the French from their entrenchments. As British troops you have only to
+show yourselves, and the enemy will retire."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Coldstreamers rather wondered at his flowery flattery. They did
+not know, and he omitted to tell them, that the honour he had
+reserved for them was one which had been offered three times to
+5,000 Austrians and three times missed by them, with a loss of 1,700
+men. The Coldstreamers, therefore, prepared for the battle in complete
+ignorance of the fact that they were expected to do, with 600 rank and
+file, what 5,000 Austrians had failed to accomplish in three attempts.
+Not that it would have made much difference, for the British soldier
+can always count on doing the impossible about fifty times in a
+century.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Coldstreamers, ready and eager, moved to the attack, and the
+Prussian General moved with them as far as safety would permit; then,
+desirous apparently that they should achieve this "especial glory"
+without any interference from him, he waved them on with his sword and
+magnanimously galloped away.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hell opened then on the Coldstream Guards. The wood before them spurted
+flame. Batteries from right and left lumbered up, and, under cover of
+the undergrowth, tore lanes through them at close range. Never, up to
+that time, in the history of battles, had there been such quick and
+fearful slaughter of our troops. In a few minutes two of the companies
+were reduced by one-half. Ensign Howard went down with the colours, and
+on every hand rank and file were blown to pieces. Sergeant-Major
+Darling, one of the many heroes of that awful fight, had one arm
+shattered by a cannon ball, but he fought on with the other with such
+tenacity that his deeds were afterwards described as "prodigies of
+valour." A French officer, seeing so many men go down before him,
+pressed forward and engaged him in a fierce combat. But Darling laid
+him low and continued his terrible work until another ball carried away
+one of his legs. Thus, bereft of a leg and an arm, he was taken
+prisoner. General Knobelsdorf, the Prussian, lived through that day,
+but many, too many, of the Coldstreamers went to their last account,
+fighting gloriously. You may, under some conditions, beat a
+Coldstreamer, but you will never, never convince him that you have done
+so.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Inkerman the Coldstream Guards, a few hundred strong, actually stood
+up to 4,000 Russians for a time, during which there was the bloodiest
+struggle ever witnessed. The fight was round the Sandbag Battery, where
+700 British had held their own until reinforced by the Guards, and it
+was of such a nature that each guard must needs be a small battalion on
+his own account to do any good at all. Back to back the Coldstreamers
+fought till their ammunition was exhausted. Then they took their
+muskets and clubbed the pressing hosts in such fashion that they made
+space enough to form into line. Thus, with levelled steel, they
+charged. The enemy was thrown into utter confusion by their terrific
+onslaught, and, taking advantage of this, the Coldstreamers regained
+their own lines, having inflicted tremendous loss.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And the Russian in Germany to-day knows all about it. He has not
+forgotten the Coldstreamer of former days, any more than the
+Coldstreamer has forgotten the glorious deeds of the Russian; and, no
+doubt, if they could sit by the same camp-fire, many such a battle
+story would be told, through the interpreter, of those good old days
+"when we flew at each other's throats."
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR COLOURS.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">The King's Colours.</span>&#8212;1st Battn., Gules
+(crimson): in the centre the Star of the Order of the Garter proper,
+ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base the Sphinx superscribed Egypt.
+2nd Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre a star of eight points argent
+within the garter, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base the Sphinx
+superscribed Egypt, in the "dexter" canton the Union. 3rd Battn., as for
+the 1st Battn., and for difference in the dexter canton, the Union and
+issuing therefrom in bend dexter a pile wavy or.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="VIII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE ROYAL SCOTS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Pontius Pilate's Body Guard</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"A volley, my lads, and then the steel!"&#8212;<i>Their Captain at
+Wepener.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Scots (1st Foot, or Lothian Regiment) are old in story.
+Several hundreds of years before the battle of Blenheim, which is among
+the first of their honours, the Royal Scots had traced their earlier
+glories on the roll of fame. Few European battlefields could disclaim
+acquaintance with them, and there are few on which they have not been
+responsible for terrific slaughter, and a large share in the crux of
+victory. Their ancestors far back fought under Gustavus Adolphus: their
+lineal descendents fight now under King George; and the bridge between
+that time and this has been held by them heroically.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is interesting to trace their battles from the first. Long, long
+ago, fighting for Sweden, they captured and defended Rugenwald in
+Pomerania. Being wrecked on a hostile coast, with Adolphus eighty miles
+away, these Scots were led by Munro, with what might seem to us an
+absurd hope of victory. All day they waited in the caves by the sea
+shore, starving, wet, and cold&#8212;waited for the night, so that, under
+the cover of darkness, they might bring their desperate plan to
+fruition. Darkness fell; the moon rose, and these hungry Scots went
+forth to the attack. In one stroke they captured Rugenwald, and held it
+against repeated attempts on the part of the enemy to retake it. For
+nine weeks they gripped this place, and held on tooth and nail till
+Hepburn's men, fighting mile after mile to their relief, came up.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hepburn's men! They were Scots, every one of them. Men who, led by
+Hepburn himself, captured Frankfort on the Oder. He took them to the
+attack waist deep through the mud and water of the moat. At the great
+battle of Leipzig, "the battle of the Nations," Gustavus held these men
+in reserve. Then, when the issue was in danger, he flung them forward.
+The musketry fire galled them severely, but through it all the pikemen
+went cheering on, and put the enemy to an inglorious rout.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Later, in 1632, Hepburn, who was somewhat a soldier of fortune, found
+himself on his way to aid the King of France. In 1634 he led his
+regiments against the Austrians and Spaniards. Here he was joined by
+Scots from France, and Scots from Sweden. Other Scots came up from the
+four quarters of the compass, as if by a gathering of the clans, and
+three years later there were 8,000 of them serving under the King of
+France. Those 8,000 are the martial sires of the present Royal Scots.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As to the heroic achievements of the Royal Scots, we may instance the
+battle of Wynendale. General Webb (Thackeray's favourite General of
+"Colonel Esmond") won that battle with an army of 8,000 men against
+22,000 Frenchmen. It was his work to take supplies from Ostend to
+Marlborough's army in the field. Near the wood of Wynendale he detected
+the preponderating force of the enemy intent on intercepting his
+mission, but, in order to do this, they must traverse the wood. The
+odds were nearly three to one against Webb, but, relying on his men as
+much as on his own generalship, he decided to put up a fight of fights.
+The way of the enemy's approach was a great glade through the wood, and
+to right and left of this he placed detachments of his troops while he
+stationed the main body of his army at the point where they must
+debouch. Then he waited. That long wait for the oncoming host has been
+much described: how for a time they gazed up the long avenue through
+which the foe must come; how every man felt that tense expectancy,
+which lends to the simple sounds of nature a meaning of their own, and
+how 8,000 staunch hearts went back to the old folks at home with
+tenderness, and possible regret, before the descent of an avalanche
+which threatened to bereave their hearths.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But at length the enemy teemed in at the further end of the glade. On
+they came, warily scanning the wood, but it was not till the Royal
+Scots poured a volley into them that the enemy actually realized what
+was happening. When the smoke cleared away, confusion reigned in their
+ranks; they rallied, and came on with greater determination, but again
+they were hurled into disorder and death by the British fire. Yet a
+third time they attempted it, and with all the bravery of the French,
+but a third time they met with that penetrating fire that none but the
+British, with their ugly bulldog pertinacity, can stand. They failed to
+forge their way through the storm of lead, and at last retired in
+confusion, leaving one third their number of British as victors of the
+field.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Royal Scots have more than once been helped out of a difficulty by
+other regiments. For instance, at Schellenberg in 1714, the ultimate
+victory, after three daring attempts on the part of the Royal Scots,
+who fought their way up against a heavy fire from the heights above,
+was made sure by the Scots Greys, who dismounted and rushed to their
+assistance. This engagement cost the French a valuable position, and 16
+guns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This help in the time of extreme peril was balanced by the Royal Scots
+at the battle of Lundy's Lane, where they arrived in the nick of time
+to make up 2,800 British against 5,000 Americans. After a hard fight
+the enemy was driven back, but they opened again with a devastating
+fire of musketry and artillery, following it up with a most determined
+charge. So desperate was their onslaught that the British guns were
+captured, and immediately following on this, the Royal Scots performed
+a deed which is underlined in history. They recaptured those guns, and
+left the enemy bewildered. This was the closest fight imaginable. In
+the thick of it, the opposing cannon almost spoke into each others'
+mouths. So close they were, that neither side could say, "This is my
+gun." In point of fact, in the heat of the moment a British limber
+carried off an American gun, and an American a British gun. On that
+field the contact between British and American was extremely close. In
+these days it is just as close, but not exactly in the same fierce
+spirit.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One of the foremost of the exploits of the Royal Scots was the defence
+of Tangier against the Moors in 1678. In Port Henrietta some 160 of the
+Royal Scots had been isolated. In order to facilitate their escape
+their comrades in the town created a diversion by leading a general
+attack. In the midst of this the Scots got as far as the first trench
+surrounding the fort, but, at the outer one, which was 12 feet deep,
+they came into close grips with the enemy. There it was sheer
+knife-fighting, and many Royal Scots went to the bottom of the pit. One
+hundred and twenty of them filled it full, and over that bridge of
+silence forty survivors hewed their way through.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The last charge at Wepener is described in the History of the Boer War
+as follows "The Royal Scots saw the Boers rushing and their warrior
+hearts beat quick with joy. Shortly, like a man in a dream, their
+Captain gave the word, 'Fix bayonets!' It was done in a trice. 'Ready!'
+The men loaded their rifles. 'A volley, my lads, and then the steel!
+Altogether&#8212;' The whistle blows, the flame flies along the parapet.
+Then, over the stone wall, sprang the Royal Scots. Once they shouted,
+once only. Then the slaying began&#8230;. Fifty thousand savage throats
+swelled the battle chorus. Ever since the siege began the black
+warriors had been gathered in their thousands on the heights, watching
+with fascinated interest the struggle of the white men. Like the
+spectators of a medieval tournament they had applauded the gallant
+deeds of the combatants, and, as they saw the British soldiers holding
+out day after day, night after night, against the assault of numerous
+odds, they came to have a profound trust and confidence in the 'big
+heart' of the Queen's soldiers. When, therefore, they saw the Royal
+Scots launch themselves like a living bolt at five times their number,
+they held their breath for a time, wondering what the end might be. But
+when they saw the bloody bayonets of the 1st Foot scatter and utterly
+destroy the hated Dutchman they opened their throats and yelled their
+applause across the river."
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Royal Cypher within the Collar
+of the Order of the Thistle with the Badge appendant. In each of the
+four corners the Thistle within the Circle and motto of the Order,
+ensigned with the Imperial Crown.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed
+Egypt. Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Louisburg, St. Lucia,
+Egmont-op-Zee, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, St. Sebastian,
+Nive, Peninsula, Niagara, Waterloo, Nagpore, Maheidpore, Ava, Alma,
+Inkerman, Sevastopol, Taku Forts, Pekin, S. Africa 1889-1902.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with blue facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[This distinguished corps is the oldest regiment in the Army, hence its
+nickname of Pontius Pilate's Body Guard. There is a tradition that it
+represents the body of Scottish Archers who for centuries formed the
+guard of the French kings. It fought under Gustavus Adolphus, King of
+Sweden, in the Seven Years' War, and was incorporated in the British
+Army in 1633. Since that date it has seen service in every part of the
+globe.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="IX">&nbsp;</a>
+THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Shiners</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The "Fighting Fifth" (Northumberland Fusiliers) have a peculiar paradox
+in their history. They were first raised in 1674 by Prince William of
+Orange, the Dutchman, and, in the last Boer War, they were fighting
+against the Dutch themselves. But even stranger things than that have
+come to pass in these later days when we have good cause to call our
+old allies our enemies, and our old enemies our allies.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The "Fighting Fifth" derived their regimental name, the Northumberland
+Fusiliers, from Hugh, Earl Percy, afterwards Duke of Northumberland,
+who commanded the regiment during the American War of Independence. For
+their fighting in the seventeenth century Prince William assembled them
+before the whole army, and publicly rewarded them for their services.
+It must be remembered that there were still services to come, for, when
+the Prince returned to England, fourteen years later, to deprive his
+father-in-law of his throne, the "Fighting Fifth" had not forgotten his
+kind offices. On this occasion they were regarded by the English with
+pride and admiration. "Even the peasants," says Macaulay, "whispered to
+one another as they marched by: 'There be our own lads; there be the
+brave fellows who hurled back the French on the field of Seneffe!'"
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The "Fighting Fifth" gained many laurels in Portugal and Spain, where,
+on more than one occasion, they drove the enemy before them in utter
+confusion. It is in this war that their fighting traditions are chiefly
+founded.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Ciudad Rodrigo it was the "Fighting Fifth" who stormed the approach.
+Afterwards they fought their way with fusil and steel through
+Salamanca, Nivelle, Vittoria, Orthes, and Toulouse, right up to Paris.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One of their greatest achievements was the successful defence of
+Gibraltar, when the Spaniards made their first attempt to recover it.
+Since that time there is scarce a page of fighting history up to the
+time of the Napoleonic Wars that contains no deed of this bull-dog
+regiment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Their nickname is almost as old as their regiment. It was at the siege
+of Maestricht in 1676, when the regiment was only two years old, that a
+section of these men, only 200 strong, assaulted the Dauphin
+bastion&#8212;an affair out of which, after the most sanguinary combat, no
+more than fifty emerged. Yet maddened, rather than daunted, these
+fifty, with some few reinforcements, made a further attack on the
+bastion; and this time they took it, but only to meet with disaster.
+The place was mined, and a terrible explosion killed a large number,
+and covered others in wreckage. Many, however, emerged, and these
+proceeded to hold the position.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The tale of how they entered Badajoz stirs the blood. The 2nd Battalion
+led the storming party. Their way led over a narrow bridge. Here, under
+a terrible fire, the foremost fell in heaps; but their comrades pressed
+forward over their prostrate bodies, and planted ladders against the
+beetling walls of the castle. For a time the "Fighting Fifth" suffered
+heavily. Again and again the desperate attackers reached the summit of
+the walls, only to be hurled back by the enemy. Here they swarmed up
+like bees, to be swept down again by a raking fire; there, another
+ladder broken, another overturned, with men everywhere falling and
+climbing, climbing and falling. The chance of scaling those walls
+seemed hopeless, and at length the Fifth paused, and looked at one
+another. Then, at that psychological moment, the cheering of the enemy
+above broke the spell. Their cheers were answered by a fierce shout
+from our men, who rushed to the attack with a never-give-in
+determination that finally gained the ramparts, and drove the garrison
+out of the castle, out of the town, and into the distance, not without
+great slaughter. It was at Badajoz that the Fifth lost their brave
+colonel, who struck in at that psychological moment, and led the final
+victorious onslaught. He fell, shot through the heart, at the very
+moment that victory was assured. "None that night," says Napier, "died
+with more glory; yet many died, and there was much glory." The taking
+of Badajoz was indeed a piece of work which required all the dogged
+tenacity of purpose to be found in such fearless heroes as the
+"Fighting Fifth."
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;St. George and the Dragon. In each
+of the four corners the united Red and White Rose slipped, ensigned with
+the Royal Crest.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Quo fata vocant."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Wilhelmsthal, Roleia,
+Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco, Cuidad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria,
+Nivelle, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Lucknow, Afghanistan 1878-80,
+Khartoum, S. Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with gosling-green facings.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="X">&nbsp;</a>
+THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Leather Hats</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The Liverpool Regiment, like the 5th Dragoon Guards, was raised to help
+James, and, like them, it sided with the right against him. When James
+tried to place Roman Catholic officers over English regiments, with the
+help of the Liverpool Regiment, the colonel and five officers strongly
+objected. James sent his son, Fitzjames, Duke of Berwick, to
+Portsmouth, to correct them; but on this, and the issue of it, the
+country rose, saying unanimously that James was wrong, and the "six
+Portsmouth captains" were right. James had to flee from a country which
+entertained ideas so strange to his way of thinking. In memory of this
+protest against oppression, the portraits of those "six Portsmouth
+captains" are preserved to this day by the regiment. Once having
+definitely seceded, the Liverpool Regiment went further in the defence
+of liberty, and fought fiercely at the Boyne.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But it was in the Netherlands that the "Leather Hats" performed their
+first great feat of valour. Lord Cutts, whom they dubbed "The
+Salamander"&#8212;because, where the fire was hottest, there was Cutts to be
+found&#8212;ordered them, against all sane strategy, to storm the fortress
+of Venloo. Everyone said it was impossible to take it, but the
+Liverpool Regiment, who were actually facing the matter, got a
+different view into their heads. They said nothing, but obeyed
+commands&#8212;and took it. "Over bastion, fausse, bray and raveline," says
+a graphic chronicler, "over trench, glacis and escarpment, Cutts led
+his dare-devils; the ditches were heaped with the dead, till the living
+walked over them, and&#8212;the enemy ran upon the farther side." It was a
+magnificent feat of arms, and a fitting preface to Blenheim, Dettingen,
+Lucknow, and their glorious deeds at the front to-day.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badge.</span>&#8212;The White Horse within the Garter.
+In each of the four corners the Royal Cypher.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Nec aspera terrent."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed
+Egypt. Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen,
+Martinique, Niagara, Delhi, Lucknow, Peiwar Kotal, Afghanistan 1878-80,
+Burma 1885-87, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with blue facings.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XI">&nbsp;</a>
+THE NORFOLKS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Holy Boys</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Our country will, I believe, sooner forgive an officer for
+attacking his enemy, than for omitting to do it&#8230;.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"A Norfolk man is as good as two others."&#8212;<i>Nelson.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Of the Norfolk Regiment, then known as the 9th (East Norfolk) Regiment,
+Napier said, with a happy mixture of blame and praise: "They were
+guilty of a fierce neglect of orders in taking a path leading
+immediately to the enemy." Indeed, that is exactly what they did at the
+battle of Roli&#231;a on the 17th August, 1808. Their intrepidity and fine
+carelessness in regard to their lives were on that day the subject of
+unstinted praise on the part of the whole French army, who, in those
+times it must be remembered, were our enemies. A brief description of
+the battle will show the stern stuff that the Norfolks are made of.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The enemy, under Laborde, held a very strong position, and it was
+Wellington's object to drive them from it at the earliest opportunity.
+The Norfolks, under Brigadier Nightingale, came up with Wellington's
+army from Obidos, three columns strong. The 9th occupied the position
+in the centre, which fronted the enemy in possession of a natural
+fortress of gigantic crags, looming steep and forbidding against the
+sky. The only way of ascent was by means of some zigzag tracks, which,
+at many points, were open to the enemy's fire.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Under these conditions, it would have been possible for our men to
+proceed by halt and rush, with a slow but sure caution; but the
+Norfolks, flinging all caution to the winds, hurled themselves forward
+to get at the enemy as quickly as possible. They swarmed up the
+heights, giving the foe a hot example of their musketry fire as they
+swung forward. It is said that their exploit was in full view of both
+armies as the smoke of their firing marked their passage from crag to
+crag. The rapidity of their advance was so great that the other
+regiments of the central column were left far behind. Laborde, taking
+advantage of their prominent position, proceeded to throw the greater
+part of his army against them, thinking to wipe them out before they
+could receive support. This was partially successful, for the enemy's
+fierce onslaught bore the 2nd battalion back. Fiercely; the Norfolks
+contested every inch of the way, and it was a wonder of wonders that
+they lost so little ground against overwhelming odds before the 1st
+battalion came to their assistance. Then, with scarce a breathing
+space, they re-formed their ranks, and, with a hearty British cheer,
+swept forward and upward again.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+That heroic and dashing encounter, in which the battle was to the
+swift&#8212;for it will be remembered that they had outstripped the rest of
+the army&#8212;is one that can never be forgotten in the annals of our
+history. Slowly, point by point, they gained the advantage, and finally
+drove the enemy from the summit. But, having taken the position, they
+had to hold it again and again against the furious efforts of the enemy
+to dislodge them. The reckless dash of their ascent could only be
+equalled by the stubborn resistance with which they held on, and, time
+after time, Laborde's battalions were driven back. Finally, the
+Northumberland Fusiliers came to their assistance, and the enemy was
+forced to retire. This was a victory set upon a hill, and, in the same
+spirit in which it was witnessed that day by thousands of opposing
+forces, so it is for ever pictured in our minds. With the battle of
+Roli&#231;a in their traditions, the Norfolk Regiment, as we write, are no
+doubt adding to the list of their brilliant achievements.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In this battle a memorable act of heroism glorifies a page of
+history&#8212;a page written in the Norfolk blood of Sergeant-Major
+Richards. At the time when our skirmishers advanced rapidly, and the
+echo of their quick musketry fire hung reverberating in the ravine and
+hollow as they ran from cover to cover, two companies crept up two
+separate passes among the rocks and debouched upon the summit of the
+ridge. The foremost of the 9th, on emerging two or three at a time from
+their narrow passage, were ambushed by the enemy. Blake, their brave
+Colonel, was killed, and many of his men fell around him. When the
+ambuscade rushed forth to grips, Sergeant-Major Richards, though
+riddled with lead, and bleeding from a dozen bayonet wounds, stood over
+his beloved commander and fought to the death. This brave fellow, than
+whom there was never a braver, said, as he was dying, "I should not
+have cared so much if only our Colonel had been spared." In those few
+words, at such a moment, breathed the true spirit of the Norfolks, and
+that glorious simplicity of thought and singleness of eye&#8212;fine, grand,
+unconsciously sublime&#8212;runs through every line of our great Book of
+Battles. We are not glad that our enemy of to-day has not written such
+a book, nor do we trouble to wish he had: the fact is fixed that he has
+not. Indeed, he had never the material for such a book, for it is
+obvious that the same barbarous hand that struck out an innocent
+Louvain could not insert such an anachronism as the heroic death and
+noble sentiment of a Sergeant-Major Richards of the Norfolks.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But Roli&#231;a, although the most prominent of their honours, is only one
+among many that have been set to their credit. They have more than once
+been in a position of extreme peril. When Ruffin's brigade at Barrosa
+realised that the Norfolks were cut off through an error on the part of
+our Spanish Allies, they turned the whole fury of their overwhelming
+odds upon that single regiment. Then it was a case of fighting, and
+dying, back to back. All fought like heroes, and, like heroes, most of
+them died. It was only when Brigadier Dilkes came to their assistance
+that the few survivors were extricated from their hazardous position.
+Needless to say, the handful that remained joined at once with Dilkes'
+column, and assaulted the enemy's heights. A grim battle ensued, and at
+length a brilliant victory was gained.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the history of the Norfolks is written one of the saddest incidents
+in the annals of our arms. It was they who, at Corunna, at dead of
+night, buried Sir John Moore, under the shadow of disaster&#8212;a sorrowful
+ending to an adverse passage which, although it concealed a marvellous
+achievement, few of us care to linger upon in days when victory is
+before us, and all thoughts of defeat forgotten.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Fuentes d'Onoro, a description of which battle will be found in
+another chapter, the Norfolks, in company with many other regiments of
+our present expeditionary force, fought with all their customary vim;
+and at Salamanca their assault on the enemy was as if they had been let
+go from a catapult. At a time when they were fully 500 yards in front
+of our main body of troops, Wellington saw the chance of making use of
+them to capture a particular post held by the enemy. He sent his
+aide-de-camp scouring up to them with the hurried message: "Ninth! you
+are the only regiment ready; advance!" They required no further
+indication to grasp what was to be done; in fact, they would probably
+have done it in the natural course of events, without the order; they
+charged on, and at the point of the irresistible bayonet the post was
+taken.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Many a forlorn hope has been led by the Norfolks. One that remains
+indelibly stamped on our memory is that at San Sebastian, headed by a
+Scots lad, named Campbell. This poor fellow was terribly wounded in the
+first onslaught, receiving a bayonet thrust, and a heavy sabre gash.
+The young hero was not to die of his wounds however. Very much on the
+contrary, he lived to become Sir Colin Campbell, Commander-in-Chief in
+India; and, for his splendid services in suppressing the Indian Mutiny
+was created Baron Clyde.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Having come through many terrible fights with honour and glory, and
+without a stain, it is naturally the great regret of this famous
+regiment that they were not at present at Waterloo. But, though absent
+from our greatest field of victory, they were doing good work at the
+time in Canada. Yet it has come to their share in these days to reap
+honours in fields not far from Waterloo, and we live to learn that, in
+the deeds of to-day, and to-morrow, a Norfolk man is indeed as good as
+at least two Germans.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badge.</span>&#8212;The figure of Britannia.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Roli&#231;a, Vimiera,
+Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, St. Sebastian, Nive, Peninsula,
+Cabool 1842, Moodkee, Ferozeshah, Sobraon, Sevastopol, Kabul 1879,
+Afghanistan 1870-80, S. Africa 1900-02, Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with yellow facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[Raised in 1685. Received the title "East Norfolk Regiment" in 1782, and
+became the Norfolk Regiment in 1881. The badge of the figure of
+Britannia was bestowed on the regiment in recognition of its gallantry
+at the battle of Almanza (1707). This regiment was the last of the
+British forces to embark at Corunna (1809), and was entrusted with the
+burial of Sir John Moore, in memory of which event the officers of the
+regiment wear a black line in their lace.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE BLACK WATCH (ROYAL HIGHLANDERS)
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Heroes of Perthshire</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"We are but few, but of the right sort."&#8212;<i>Nelson.</i>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Highlanders, remember Egypt!"&#8212;<i>Sir John Moore at Corunna.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+These men need a book to themselves. It is impossible here to give more
+than a short account of one or two of their most brilliant fights, but,
+as from the peck you may judge of the barrel, so one will find the
+invincible temper of the Black Watch in every line and every word.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Fontenoy that the Black Watch first met a foreign foe, and
+their dealings with that foe were an emphatic earnest of their future
+honours. The fortune of war was not on their side; they were forced to
+retreat, covering it in such perfect order that Lord Crawford waved his
+hat to them, with the well-remembered approval that they had achieved
+as great honour as if they had gained an actual victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Black Watch have acquired great reputation in America. They
+distinguished themselves notably at Bushey Run, and it was in the War
+of Independence that they contributed their severest and most difficult
+work. A chronicler of the doings of this regiment writes on this
+passage in their history: "In every field the Black Watch maintained
+their hardly earned reputation," and many are the recorded deeds of
+individual courage and readiness. Here is one instance by the same
+chronicler:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"In a skirmish with the Americans in 1776, Major Murray, of the 42nd,
+being separated from his men, was attacked by three of the enemy. His
+dirk slipped behind his back, and, being a big stout man, he could not
+reach it, but defended himself as well as he could with his fusil, and,
+watching his opportunity, seized the sword of one of his assailants, and
+put the three to flight."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+The battle of Alexandria was perhaps one of the most brilliant in the
+whole career of the Black Watch. At a time when the two wings of their
+regiment stood some 200 yards apart, the Invincibles of France, valiant
+fighters, forced their way between, with one six-pounder. As soon as
+the Highlanders found that they had been, in a sense, caught napping, a
+roar of wrath rose from their ranks, and swiftly their right wing swung
+down on the interloping French, broke their ranks and captured their
+gun. The left wing, facing the other way, wheeled swiftly, and fell
+like mountain cats on the French rear. The enemy, who had thought to
+split the 42nd to some purpose, were thus themselves caught in a death
+trap. The Invincibles rushed helter-skelter for cover in the ruins near
+by, and after them, terrible in pursuit, went the Black Watch. The
+plaided ranks drew together, and charged again and again with fixed
+bayonets, while the pursued fled before those gleaming points until
+they were brought to bay in a position where they were forced to turn
+and fight. It was a brave and memorable fight then on both sides. The
+courage of despair was on the enemy's side, and the cool, relentless
+courage of the Caledonians was on ours. But in the end the enemy,
+having lost 700 of their men, were forced to yield.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This temporary victory, however, afforded no respite for the Black
+Watch. Hot upon the action came a strong column of French infantry
+swiftly advancing, and it was a matter of the utmost importance that
+they should be attacked at once. The Black Watch, dishevelled as they
+were, their great chests still heaving with their exertions, were flung
+forward by Sir Ralph Abercromby, who, in the urgency of the critical
+moment, himself hallooed them on.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was a quick passage. After a clashing impact, the Black Watch broke
+the French column and scattered it in flight. Seeing the Highlanders
+eagerly pursuing, and in danger of being cut off by three squadrons of
+cavalry, General Moore ordered the pursuers to retire. It appears that,
+in the crash and roar of the battle, this order was lost upon the
+foremost pursuers, who were dealing death right and left, and they were
+not aware of what threatened until the French cavalry was thundering
+down upon them. It was so sudden that the Highlanders had barely time
+to retrieve their scattered state, and rally back to back. Thus,
+raising their fierce northern battle-cry, they fought against fearful
+odds, a small body of men surrounded on every hand. But even from this
+they emerged victorious, routing the very flower of the French cavalry.
+So it was that in one day this regiment won three brilliant victories,
+each one of which had seemed at first almost a forlorn hope.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It must be remembered that the Royal Highlander has always been a
+perfect swordsman, terrible with his rifle, and deadly with his pistol.
+His strength is renowned in history. There have been men among them who
+have claimed no great superiority over their fellows from the fact of
+being able to twist a horseshoe, or drive a skeandhu up to the hilt in
+a pine log. Fatigue, hunger, thirst, the extremes of heat and cold&#8212;all
+these are with those men the mere commonplace foes of a Spartan
+existence&#8212;foes which have always found and left them silent, patiently
+contemptuous, where foes of flesh and blood would at once arouse them
+to anger of the grimmest kind.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perhaps no part of the world has seen the Black Watch in as true a
+light as the Peninsula. From all quarters of it their honours are
+drawn. They were with Moore at Corunna on that memorable occasion, when
+on a sudden he cried out to them: "Highlanders, remember Egypt!"
+</p>
+
+<p>
+With reference to this speech, and the moment it was delivered,
+tradition has clothed it with romance. At many a Highland fireside,
+when the eerie spirit sits in the glen and whispers round the lonely
+sheilings, it has been said by aged warriors, who had lived on in peace
+perhaps into the sixties, that, at those words, the men around him, who
+loved him best, saw, with the uncanny second sight of their race, a
+misty shimmering shroud enclosing their commander's form, portentous of
+his coming death.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The words "Highlanders, remember Egypt!" referred to the occasion when,
+at Alexandria, Sir Ralph Abercromby being taken prisoner, and his
+captor being shot by a Royal Highlander, the regiment, though broken,
+continued to fight individually. It is no wonder that Sir John Moore,
+who had marvelled at their prowess, should exhort them, eight years
+later, at Corunna, to remember Egypt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Toulouse, Pack, as he galloped swiftly up with General Clinton's
+orders, drew rein in silence before the Black Watch. Then he spoke
+calmly, but with elation: "General Clinton has been pleased to grant my
+request that the 42nd shall have the honour of leading the attack. The
+42nd will advance!" There were 500 who went in, and there were about
+ninety who came out alive. One can imagine then their terrible passage
+up to the fatal redoubt, and all the more clearly may be pictured the
+determination of it from the fact that, when they reached it, the enemy
+had fled.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When they were before the heights of Alma, Sir Colin Campbell turned to
+them, and cried: "Men, the army is watching us. Make me proud of my
+Highland brigade!" From the future, near and far, the whole wide world
+watches them, and a great Empire has been made proud of them. Kinglake
+tells this part of the story with a fine touch. "Smoothly, easily, and
+swiftly," he says, "the Black Watch seemed to glide up the hill. A few
+instants before, and their tartans ranged dark in the valley; now their
+plumes waved on the crest." The enemy did not stay for the coming
+onslaught, for, as many said afterwards, they "did not like those men
+in the petticoats, with their red vulture plumes and their coloured
+tartans."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Ticonderoga, in 1758, they suffered heavily, in blood, though not in
+honour. Of that encounter an officer of the 55th, who was in the
+engagement, says: "It is with a mixture of esteem, grief, and envy,
+that I considered the great loss and immortal glory won by the Scots
+Highlanders in the late bloody affair." From all historical accounts it
+seems that the enemy was very strongly entrenched, in front by ditches,
+and on the battle side by barricades of felled trees. From this cover
+they sent volley upon volley into the ranks of the advancing
+Highlanders. "Yet," says one chronicler:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"The Scots hewed their way through the obstacles with their broadswords,
+and&#8212;no ladders having been provided&#8212;made strenuous efforts
+to carry the breastwork, partly by mounting on each other's shoulders,
+and partly by placing their feet in holes which they dug with their
+swords and bayonets in the face of the works. After a desperate
+struggle, which lasted nearly four hours, General Abercromby, seeing no
+possible chance of success, ordered a retreat&#8212;an order which had
+to be <i>thrice repeated</i> before the Highlanders would withdraw from
+the unequal contest!"
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+What the Black Watch would have done at Balaclava and Inkerman, had
+they been there, can be conjectured, but, sufficient to say that
+Sevastopol bears witness to their many deeds of outright bravery.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The officers of the Black Watch have always been, needless to say, the
+soul of honour of the body of their men. In the following letter&#8212;a
+letter which might form part of a great poem&#8212;Colonel Macleod writes to
+the Sultan Tippoo:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"You, or your interpreter have said in your letter to me that I have
+lied, or made a <i>mensonge</i>. Permit me to inform you, Prince, that
+this thing is not good for you to give, or for me to receive, and if I
+were alone with you in the desert, you would not dare to say these words
+to me. An Englishman scorns to lie; this is an irreparable affront to an
+English warrior. If you have courage enough to meet me, take 100 of your
+<i>bravest</i> men on foot; meet me on the sea shore; I will fight you,
+and 100 men of mine will fight yours."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+This has the true epic ring of all time, even back to the state and
+condition of the heroic savage who, instinct with honour, said:
+"Friend, if I had an axe, and thou hadst an axe, then we should see
+where the truth stands." But, alas! in some parts of the world where
+savagery is no longer heroic, the days of the true epic have gone by,
+its local death warrant being writ upon a "scrap of paper" crumpled in
+an Emperor's hand.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But the Black Watch, though it has fed, as it were, upon the hearts of
+lions in its immortal traditions of the far past, can live more
+intimately in the atmosphere of recent glories. Evan McGregor, Robert
+Dick, Stewart of Garth, Gordon Drummond, Hope Grant&#8212;these are immortal
+names appended to half its story only. Its later history is lit by the
+fame of the Eighth Earl of Airlie, who was killed at Diamond Hill in
+1900. When he sailed from our shores for South Africa, almost his last
+words were: "Remember, if I am killed in action, whatever memorial you
+put for me, that you say on it I had died as I wished." And, in
+confirmation of this, after Magersfontein: "I like the Boers, and am
+very proud to be fighting against them&#8230;. I am very happy." A
+sentiment which we, in later years, can parallel with the fact that
+Botha's son (aged seventeen years) has enlisted to fight for Britain&#8212;a
+step approved by his heroic father.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was the old 73rd (now the 2nd Battalion Black Watch) which, under
+General Wauchope, their former colonel, fought so heroically in the
+Boer War, losing their brave commander at Magersfontein. The 73rd was,
+from 1809 to 1881, an ordinary line regiment, the Scottish dress and
+kilt having been abandoned. As such it fought at Waterloo, which, among
+others, it gives as an "honour" to the Black Watch. In 1881 it was made
+the 2nd Battalion Black Watch, and resumed the doublet, kilt and
+feather bonnet.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The spirit of the Earl of Airlie is alive to-day&#8212;as much alive as it
+was in Scotland, when the "Heroes of Perthshire" laid their lives at
+the feet of him they believed to be their rightful king. Then, as
+since, they lived and died fighting; and, out of their brave deeds from
+that to this, there has arisen the peculiar significance of those three
+words&#8212;thrilling and dear to British hearts, chilling and terrible to
+Britain's foes&#8212;<span class="sc">The Black Watch</span>.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Royal Cypher within the
+Garter. The badge and motto of the Order of the Thistle. In each of the
+four corners the Royal Cypher, ensigned with the Royal Crown.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed
+Egypt. Mysore, Mangalore, Seringapatam, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro,
+Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Waterloo, S.
+Africa 1846-47, 1851-53, Alma, Sevastopol, Lucknow, Ashantee, Egypt
+1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir, Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan, S. Africa 1899-1902,
+Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Batts.,
+scarlet and blue facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[The 1st Battn. was first formed from the independent companies raised
+in 1729 from the Highland clans, and received the name of Black Watch
+from the hue of its tartan. The newly-formed regiment greatly
+distinguished itself at Fontenoy and against the French in N. America.
+At Ticonderoga it lost 25 officers, 19 sergeants, and 603 rank and file
+in killed and wounded, and received the title of Royal Highlanders in
+recognition of its bravery. The 2nd Battn., raised in 1780, became a
+separate regiment in 1786, and it was this Battn. a detachment of which
+was in the wreck of the <i>Birkenhead</i>. The Black Watch gained the
+red hackle during the campaign in Flanders (1794-95). The 42nd was one
+of the four regiments mentioned in dispatches after Waterloo. The 2nd
+Battn. was at Magersfontein in 1899, where it lost 19 officers and over
+300 killed and wounded. This regiment has a record which is only
+equalled by one or two regiments in the British Army.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XIII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Bloodsuckers</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Shew me a well authenticated instance of the troops of any other nation
+gaining and holding an 'impossible' position against fearful odds, and I
+will shew you a wavering in, or, at least, a qualification of, our
+national faith that our allied British infantry is the best in the
+world."&#8212;<i>French Daily Newspaper, August, 1914.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+It was at Elandslaagte that the 1st Battalion of this gallant regiment,
+together with the Gordon Highlanders and the Light Horse, distinguished
+themselves in a terrible passage of arms. The following graphic account
+is taken down from the words of a soldier who went through that
+terrible affair:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"It was nearly five o'clock on that day," he said, "when it seemed to be
+growing curiously dark. And we soon saw the reason. As our men moved
+forward the heavens opened, and from the eastern sky swept a sheet of
+rain. With the first stabbing drops the horses turned their heads, and
+no whip or spur could bring them up to it. It drove through our
+mackintoshes as if they were blotting-paper; the air was filled with a
+hissing sound, and underfoot you could see the solid earth pounded into
+mud, and the mud flowing away in streams of slush. The rain blotted out
+hill and dale and enemy in one great curtain of swooping water. You
+would have said that the heavens had opened to drown the wrath of man.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Through it the guns still thundered, and the khaki column pushed
+doggedly on. The infantry got among the boulders and began to open out.
+The supports and reserves followed. Then, in a twinkling, on the
+stone-pitted hill-face, burst loose another storm&#8212;a storm of lead
+and death. In the first line, down behind the rocks, the men were firing
+fast, and the bullets came pelting round them. The men stooped, and
+staggered, and dropped limply, as if a string that held them upright had
+been cut. The line pushed on, and the colonel fell, shot in the arm.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The regiment pursued their way until they came to a rocky ledge twenty
+feet high. Here they clung to cover, firing, then rose, and were among
+the shrill bullets again. A major was left at the bottom of the ridge
+with a pipe in his mouth, and a Mauser bullet through his leg. His
+company rushed on. Onwards and upwards&#8212;down, fire again&#8212;up
+again, and on. Another ridge won and passed, and only one more hellish
+hail of bullets beyond. More men down. More men hurried forward into the
+firing line&#8212;more death-piping bullets than ever. The air was a
+sieve of them; they came with unceasing ping, and beat on the boulders
+like a million hammers; they ploughed the rocks and tore the turf like
+harrows. Another ridge crowned, another whistling gust of perdition.
+More men down; more men pushing into the firing line. Half the officers
+killed or wounded&#8212;the men panted and stumbled on&#8212;another
+ridge taken! God! would this cursed hill never end? It was sown with
+bleeding and dead behind us; it was edged with stinging fire before.
+'Fix bayonets!' Staff officers rushed up, urging the men on. There was
+now no line, only a surging wave. Devonshires, Gordon Highlanders,
+Manchester, and Light Horse all mixed&#8212;subalterns commanding
+regiments, soldiers yelling advice, officers firing carbines&#8212;all
+stumbling, leaping, killing, falling&#8212;all drunk with battle. At
+length we gained the ridge, and saw the Boer camp below. The Boers were
+galloping out of it helter skelter, with Lancers and Dragoon Guards
+spearing and stamping them into the ground. Suddenly we heard the bugle
+call 'Cease fire!' and, wondering slightly at such an order at such a
+time, we began to retire. But we were soon met by a boy bugler rushing
+forward, who, in reply to our remarks about the order, yelled, 'Cease
+fire be damned!' And then we discovered that the Boers, who had learnt
+our bugle calls, had blown the blast. On this, we turned about, charged
+again, and so made good the battle of Elandslaagte."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badge.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Egmont-op-Zee, Martinique,
+Guadaloupe, Peninsula, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, New Zealand,
+Afghanistan 1879-80, Egypt 1882, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of
+Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battn.,
+scarlet with white facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[1st Battn. raised in 1685, 2nd Battn. in 1801. The 1st Battn. was
+formerly a Battn. of the 8th Foot, and became the 63rd Regiment in 1758.
+It served as Mounted Infantry during the war of American Independence,
+and won great distinction. The 2nd Battn. was formerly the Minorca
+Regiment, and became part of the line in 1804 as the 97th (Queen's
+German) Regiment. In 1816 it became the 96th (Queen's Own), and was
+disbanded in 1818. Raised again in 1824. The 1st Battn. displayed great
+courage and steadiness during the Siege of Ladysmith (1899).]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XIV">&nbsp;</a>
+THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">Scotland for Ever</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"You have saved the day, Highlanders, but you must return to your
+position. There is more work to be done."&#8212;<i>Sir Denis Pack at
+Waterloo.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Sir Denis Pack's words at Waterloo are as true to-day as they were
+then. The Gordons have always saved the day, and now they must return
+to their position. There is more work to be done and the Gordons are
+there to do it, as before.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The following is an extract from a letter to Sir Walter Scott from
+Viscount Vanderfosse, first Advocate of the Superior Court of Justice
+of Brussels, dated January 5th, 1816:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"Since the arrival of the British troops on the Continent, their
+discipline was remarked by all those who had any communication with
+them. Among these respectable warriors the Scotch deserve to be
+particularly commemorated, and this honourable mention is due to their
+discipline, their patience, their humanity, and their bravery almost
+without example. Constant and unheard of proofs were given of devotion
+to their country quite extraordinary and sublime; nor must we forget
+that these men, so terrible in the field of battle, were mild and
+tranquil out of it."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Such a testimonial from so high an authority is a treasured document in
+the hands of the Gordons, and many are the accounts received to-day
+from the front, which go to show that their cheery optimism has not
+been dimmed by the passage of a century.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perhaps there is no regiment that blends so nicely the simple humour
+characteristic of the Scot with the grim determination in which no
+section of our army is wanting. There are many points which soften to
+our hearts the fierce homicidal glory of the Gordon Highlanders. But
+first in importance is their grim and terrible side.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the eventful night of the Duchess of Richmond's ball on the eve of
+Waterloo, Colonel Cameron, and some of the N.C. officers of the Gordon
+Highlanders, had been invited to give the guests of different nations
+there assembled a display of the Highland dances. Poets have sung the
+sudden call to arms at the "Cannon's opening roar," but it was not
+until daybreak that the Gordons marched off through the Namur Gate
+towards the scene of action.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On this occasion their panoply of war set everyone a-thrill. With their
+dark plumes waving in the breeze, and the bright sun shining on their
+polished accoutrements, they marched to the screel of the bagpipes.
+Never had the spectators beheld a prouder, braver, more athletic body
+of men; there was not a downcast look among them; only the fearless
+eye, the undaunted mien, the cheerful bearing-things which tell of
+strength.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In this mood they marched as far as the forest of Soignies, near
+Waterloo. Thence, as the day advanced, they proceeded towards Quatre
+Bras. The heat was intense, the dust suffocating, but, after a
+wearisome march, they reached Genappe, where the people were waiting
+for the thirsty regiment with large tubs of water, and of milk, from
+which the Highlanders dipped and drank as they passed through the town.
+Hard on this refreshment, as they came into the plain beyond, was a
+further refreshment to the warlike spirit of the Highlanders; it was
+the sound of cannon that fell upon their ears "nearer, clearer than
+before." There was a general quickening of pace as the excitement of
+promised action ran quickly through the ranks, but Colonel Cameron
+checked their eagerness, and held them back, though with difficulty.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It so chanced, by good luck, or good management, that the Gordons
+arrived at Quatre Bras just at the very moment they were needed.
+Wellington had come in with full information from Bl&#252;cher as to the
+position of the Prussian army, and a fuller scorn of their tactics in
+selecting that position&#8212;a scorn which was justified by the event. "If
+they fight here," he said, in his terse and forcible way, "they will be
+damnably mauled." The Duke was a true prophet. They were, in two words,
+"mauled."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The enemy's action began with a fierce cannonade, under cover of which
+a brigade of infantry and lancers were hurled forward, Our
+Belgian-Dutch allies fell back, and their retreat was converted into a
+rout by the enemy, who speedily became masters of the situation. Things
+were critical, but, at that moment, in came the Gordon Highlanders by
+the Namur road. Their march broke into a double, and their ranks opened
+and overflowed each side of the road, deploying for immediate action.
+At once came an answer from a battery of the enemy perched on one of
+the surrounding heights. By this time the Duke was amongst the
+Highlanders, giving orders to seek cover in the ditches and behind the
+banks of the road; he and his staff following their example. They had
+not long to wait, under a terrible fire, before the French cuirassiers
+came sweeping through the fields towards them. On they came, with
+furious cries, a formidable body; but the Highlanders under command of
+the Duke, waited in grim silence, reserving their fire. "Highlanders!"
+the Duke cried, "don't fight until I tell you," and so the Gordons lay,
+ready for the signal. It came when the charging cuirassiers were within
+thirty yards of them. Then a fierce volley rang out, and havoc lighted
+on the horsemen. Horses and steel-clad riders went down pell mell, and,
+in the confusion, the survivors turned and fled before the coming
+steel. Many, whose horses were shot beneath them, attempted to cope
+with the Scots, but all their valour was as nothing before the bayonets
+of the Gordons.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At another stage of the battle, when the Duke of Brunswick's hussars
+were in flight before the red (Polish) lancers and French light
+infantry, Wellington, involved in the charge, and carried away in their
+mad career, was in great danger; but, seeing a way out, he headed his
+horse for a position that had been taken up by the Gordons. As he
+neared them, at full gallop, he ordered them to lie still; then he
+leapt the intervening fence clearing, at one jump, fence, trench, and
+men. With the Gordons now between him and the foe, he wheeled his horse
+to a standstill, and ordered the Highlanders to get ready. The
+Brunswickers had passed, severely handled by the French bayonets, and
+the grenadiers, on the right, retired to the road, leaving the Gordons
+an opportunity to fire obliquely upon the oncoming cavalry. These
+shared the same fate as the cuirassiers, being met at short distance
+with a volley which threw them into confusion. Those in front were cut
+off, by dead and wounded, from those in the rear, who retreated in
+disorder, while the front passed on in their headlong career, which was
+really a retreat, through the village. Meanwhile, the Gordons turned
+their attention to the rest, and put them to rout.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now Napoleon had impressed upon Ney to act in a manner that must prove
+decisive. The British had to be swept entirely off the field&#8212;the fate
+of France depended upon this. Ney's position was a difficult one,
+especially as he saw that reinforcements were coming up against him.
+Accordingly, he attacked again vigorously, and sent two columns of
+cavalry down upon the posts held by the Gordons. But these met with a
+similar fate to those who had tried that way before. But Ney still
+persisted and the Gordons were suffering heavily. How the day would
+have gone, and what would have happened to our Highlanders had not the
+Guards come up on their left soon afterwards, military experts alone
+can conjecture; but even with their assistance&#8212;and very welcome it
+was&#8212;the Gordons were yet to experience a severer trial.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It came in this way. Two columns of French infantry advanced rapidly,
+by means of the Charleroi road, and the outskirts of the wood of Bossu,
+and occupied a roadside house, with a thick hedge running some distance
+into a field, a part of their number gaining the cover of a
+thickly-hedged garden on the other side of the road. The main body of
+these troops, some 14,000 strong, took up a position in the rear of
+this garden.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Colonel Cameron with difficulty curbed his eagerness to let his men go,
+but the Duke, who foresaw a prolonged struggle, refused to allow it. He
+was, as usual, waiting for the right moment. When that moment came, and
+the order was given, Cameron leapt the ditch, at the head of his men,
+with old General Barnes at his side, crying, "Come on, my old 92nd!"
+Then, to the shrill piping of the pibrochs, the intrepid Gordons leapt
+from the ditch and fell upon the enemy with an impetus that was
+irresistible. The bayonet did its terrible work, and the opposing
+column fell back in confusion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile other sections advanced upon the hedged garden, the house,
+and the field hedge, suffering heavily from these points. It was in
+this advance that the staff of the colour was split into six pieces by
+three bullets, and the staff of the king's colour by one. It was here,
+too, that Cameron himself was wounded. Being shot in the groin, he lost
+control of his horse, which galloped away with him, and finally stopped
+suddenly before his own groom, who was holding a second horse. There
+Cameron, in a fainting condition, was thrown out of the saddle
+violently on to the road.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Colonel Cameron died of his wound late that night, but not before he
+had learnt that the British arms had conquered&#8212;a fact which forms the
+theme of Sir Walter Scott's immortal verse:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+And Sunart rough, and wild Ardgour, And Morven long shall tell, And
+proud Ben Nevis hear with awe, How, upon bloody Quatre-Bras, Brave
+Cameron heard the wild hurrah Of conquest as he fell.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile, the Gordons had fully avenged their leader's death. With
+repeated rushes upon the roadside house, they did deadly work with the
+bayonet, and, amid the hail of bullets from superior forces of the
+enemy, they still continued their fierce onslaughts under conditions
+that would have demoralized soldiers less cool and experienced.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the midst of the appalling fire, they separated and formed up in
+three parts, one part moving to the right of the house and garden,
+another part to the left, while a third prepared to assault the garden
+itself. At a given moment, when the whole battalion was ready, the
+order to charge was given. Then, with a resounding cheer, they rushed
+forward, "the bagpipes screaming out the notes of the 'Cameron's
+Gathering,' as they levelled their bayonets, and charged with the
+elastic step learnt on the hillside."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The enemy stood firm for a little while against the oncoming array of
+determined men; then they broke and fled, showing their backs as
+targets for the Highlanders, who scattered the passage of their retreat
+thickly with their dead bodies. In this action many prisoners were
+taken.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The British troops, though in the minority in guns, as well as men,
+stood like a rock against the searching assaults of the enemy. Ebb and
+flow was the order of battle, until at last the flow of our indomitable
+troops gained ground, and the enemy finally ebbed away.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Our last victory in that furious battle was gained foot by foot, and
+when, in the end, the day was won, and the stars looked down upon
+10,000 slain, the piper of the Gordon Highlanders took his stand in
+front of the village of Quatre Bras to call the Highlanders in. "Loud
+and long blew Cameron," says one who heard that call of the highland
+mountain and the glen, "but his efforts could not gather above half of
+those whom his music had cheered on their march to the battlefield."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Our Gordons had been through the thick of the fight; at the close of
+the day they were terribly hungry, and with the cool sang-froid which
+is the necessary complement to the bravery of such men, they took their
+supper cooked and served in the cuirasses which had shone in the
+enemy's forefront of battle some hours before.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Various writers tell of the extreme kindness received by the Gordons
+after the battle from the inhabitants of Brussels and Antwerp. The
+"good and brave Scots" came in on drays and wagons, apparently none the
+worse for the fierce encounter, saving merely the loss of a leg, or an
+arm or two. "We're a' wantin' a leg or a' airm," cried one from the
+midst of a wagon-load of wounded, as if it were a kind of fraternal
+greeting. The good folk, seeing their plight, and not understanding the
+language, brought them wine in abundance, but the Highlanders did not
+understand the colour of it, and called for "guid sma' ale" as the next
+best thing to their own "white wine of the north."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tales of suffering in those days cannot vie in magnitude with the tales
+of to-day, but it is interesting to note that the endurance and
+patience of the Highlanders, as they lay on the wagons, or came in on
+foot, fainting with weariness and loss of blood, called forth the
+remark, as they passed through the street, "the men of your country
+must be made of iron."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It remains to touch on the Highlanders' own account of this battle. It
+was simple and unpretentious in the extreme. One who had been severely
+wounded, and was lying on the paving stones, waiting to be attended to,
+was accosted by an English resident. "How you and your comrades
+fought!" he said. "Your bravery will be the talk of the world. There is
+no doubt, as the people here say, you and your countrymen are made of
+iron." "Hoots, man," replied the Highlander, "need ye mak' sic a din
+aboot the like o' that? What did we gang oot for but to fecht?"
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It goes without saying that false reports of any considerable
+engagement were spread through the countryside, even in those days. A
+chronicler states that Mercer, when making his way to the scene of
+action, happened on a Gordon Highlander, toiling painfully along the
+road, badly wounded in the knee. "Halt!" cried Mercer. "Have you any
+information? The Belgians tell me that our army has been forced to
+retreat." "Na, na," replied the Scot; "it's a damned lee! When I cam'
+awa' they were fechtin', an' they're aye fechtin' yet." With that, he
+sat down on the roadside and calmly lit his pipe, while a prentice
+surgeon probed for the bullet in his knee.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Another incident preserved in the records of the Gordons is related by
+a Scotch lady who resided at that time in Antwerp. She had heard
+reports of a retreat from Quatre Bras, and other mis-statements
+concerning Mont St. Jean had also reached her ears, all to the effect
+that the British had suffered severe defeat; that Wellington was
+dangerously wounded, and that all of any account in our army were
+either killed or taken prisoners. Moreover, thousands of French troops
+had entered Brussels, and that on the heels of death and destruction
+came panic and dismay. Needless to say, this was not true, except in
+one point only&#8212;that 2,000 French <i>had</i> entered Brussels; but it
+was in the r&#244;le of prisoners, not victors! On the following day the
+Scotch lady went out in search of news, and was met by a long
+procession of vehicles laden with the wounded. Not a word of victory
+could she get on any hand, until she observed, in the very last wagon,
+a group of Gordon Highlanders, badly wounded, and heavily bandaged.
+They evidently knew something, for they were throwing their bonnets in
+the air, and shouting: "Bony's beat! Hurrah for Bonnie Scotland! Hurrah
+for Merrie England! Bony's beat!" Recognizing the Highland spirit, the
+lady sought to learn the cause of their excitement, and they told her,
+between their wild cries of joy, that a rider had just sped by,
+bringing the glad news of victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was not easy for the people of Brussels to gather the real import of
+this news either from the lady or the Highlanders, but it began to
+spread about, in what to them was an unknown tongue, though forcible in
+vociferation, that "Bony was beat and runnin' awa' to his ain country
+just as fast as he could gang." Yet there was no explaining it to them,
+and it was in vain that a brawny, bearded Highlander took a Belgian
+woman to task with the words, "Canna ye hear, ye auld witch? Are ye
+deaf? Bony's beat, I tell ye! I tell ye, Bony's beat, wumman!" It was
+no good! But the full significance of the fact was soon made known in
+the city, and then there was wild rejoicing on every hand.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In those times the Belgian people conceived and fostered a great love
+for the Gordon Highlanders, and no doubt the tradition has been handed
+down to this day that they are the best of soldiers, sweet and gentle
+in peace, and terrible in war.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The part played by the Gordons in the repulse of the Boer attack on
+Ladysmith, January 6th, 1900, is never to be forgotten. It was here
+that Lieutenant Colonel Dick-Cunyngham, V.C., fell at the head of his
+men. It was during the Afghan campaign that this hero of the Gordons
+received his V.C., when they were fighting outside Kabul in 1879.
+Staggered for a moment by a terrific onslaught on the part of the
+Afghans, the Gordons, their leading officer and colour-sergeant being
+killed, seemed to hesitate, when Dick-Cunyngham sprang forward, and, by
+his remarkable coolness and gallantry, saved the situation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In later days, the Gordon Highlanders have maintained and even added to
+the reputation thus bravely won. One signal instance is found in their
+attacks on the Dargai heights. On October 18th, 1897, the Gordons
+formed part of the flanking movement under Brigadier-General Kempster.
+The heights were won, but were shortly re-occupied by the enemy. On the
+following day, a second battle was joined about this position. Under
+Sir William Lockhart the Gordons displayed their usual fighting power.
+In the "Broad Arrow" of February, 18th, 1898, Sir William Lockhart
+himself described the part they played:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"The Gordon Highlanders went straight up the hill without check or
+hesitation. Headed by their pipers, and led by Colonel Mathias, with
+Major Macbean on his right, and Lieutenant A. F. Gordon on his left,
+this splendid battalion marched across the open. It dashed through a
+murderous fire, and in forty minutes had won the heights, leaving three
+officers and thirty men killed or wounded on its way. The first rush of
+the Highlanders was deserving of the highest praise, for they had just
+undergone a very severe climb, and had reached a point beyond which
+other troops had been unable to advance for over three hours. The first
+rush was followed at short intervals by a second and a third, each led
+by officers; and, as the leading companies went up the path for the
+final assault, the remainder of the troops streamed on in support, but
+few of the enemy waited for the bayonet, many of them being shot down as
+they fled in confusion."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Supremely heroic on a point of romantic sentiment is our Gordon
+Highlander. When Cameron fell at Quatre Bras, he was not only mortally
+wounded, but pinned down by his horse. In this helpless condition he
+was recognised by one of the enemy, who swiftly rushed forward to
+bayonet him. But swifter still came the cold steel of Ewen Macmillan
+(the Colonel's foster brother) and pierced the would-be murderer to the
+heart. Ewen extricated his leader and bore him off; then, his master
+safe, he turned back with the set purpose of securing the saddle on
+which he had sat through many a victorious battle. In the thick of the
+fight the imperturbable Scot, amid a hail of bullets, secured that
+saddle and returned safely with it to his company, exhibiting it with a
+fine mingling of triumph and regret. "We must leave them the carcase,"
+he said, "but they shan't get the saddle where Fassiefern sat." That
+was what he had risked his life a thousand times a minute for&#8212;the
+saddle where Fassiefern had sat!
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And not only in stirring deeds of deathless glory have the Gordon
+Highlanders shone in the starry sky of Britain's fame. In the course of
+their long career they have been called upon to suffer and endure tests
+of hardship and privation, which prove the true mettle of the British
+soldier. They have played many parts in the theatre of war where the
+limelight did not fall. It was even their fate to take part in the
+terrible retreat to Bremen. Mr. W. Richards gives a grim description of
+some of these hardships:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"The high, keen wind carried the drifted snow and sand with such
+violence that the human frame could scarcely resist its power; the cold
+was intense; the water, which collected in the hollow eyes of the men,
+congealed as it fell, and hung in icicles from their eyelashes; the
+breath froze, and hung in icy incrustations about their haggard faces,
+and on the blankets and coats which they wrapped about them."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+But, with the Gordons, the hardy spirit in which they weathered all
+this was only a modification of that which carried them into their most
+glorious triumphs on the field of battle. Speaking of hardships and
+remembering the strong spirit of camaraderie which has always existed
+between our soldiers of all regiments, we cannot help reminding the
+Gordons that their 2nd Battalion owes the Coldstreamers one ration. It
+happened in this way. When the Gordons arrived at Fuentes d'Onoro both
+officers and men were literally starving, owing to a faulty
+commissariat; and no sooner did the Guards get wind of this than they
+volunteered a ration of biscuits, from their haversacks. Now, as the
+Coldstreamers will not be able to get those biscuits from the enemy,
+who appears to have "embarked without them," they may require them
+again from the Gordons and they should insist on having them well
+buttered.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+The Royal Tiger, superscribed India.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Mysore, Seringapatam,
+Egmont-op-Zee, Mandora, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro, Almaraz, Vittoria,
+Pyrenees, Nive, Orthes, Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1835, Delhi,
+Lucknow, Charasiah, Kabul 1879, Kandahar 1880, Afghanistan 1878-80,
+Egypt 1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir, Nile 1884-85, Chitral, Tirah, S. Africa
+1889-1902, Paardeberg, Defence of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with yellow facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[To the first regiment (the 89th), raised in 1759, there belong the
+romances of two notable men. One was the Duke's brother, Lord William,
+who afterwards ran away with Lady Sarah Bunbury, and the other was Lord
+George, the future rioter. A further romance belongs to the Gordons
+proper. When, in 1794, the 4th D. of G. was commissioned to raise a
+regiment for the King, with the Duke's son, Lord Huntly, as its colonel,
+his wife Jane, "the Bonnie Duchess," acted as her son's recruiting
+sergeant. Day after day she rode in among them at their gatherings, and
+with the King's shilling between her teeth, kissed them into the army.
+"Now, lads; whose for a soldier's life&#8212;and a kiss o' the Duchess
+Jean?" Her ambition for her son in the way of masculine counterpoise to
+the brilliant alliances of her daughters does not matter so much as that
+the Gordons sprang into being at the touch of her lips&#8212;which is a
+legend greatly treasured among Highlanders.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="image"><img width="500" height="298" src="images/003.jpg" alt="THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS AT BADAJOZ.">
+<p class="caption">THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS AT BADAJOZ.
+<br><i>From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XV">&nbsp;</a>
+THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Garvies</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Rangers of Connaught, the eyes of all Ireland are on you this day. On
+then, and at them, and if you do not give them the soundest thrashing
+they have ever got in their lives, you needn't look me in the face again
+in this world or the next."&#8212;<i>Colonel-in-Command at the Front.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Towards the close of the Transvaal War the 2nd Battalion of the
+Connaught Rangers performed a heroic feat, which tended to mitigate the
+peace-with-little-honour feeling which marked the peace negotiations of
+1879.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lydenberg was garrisoned by some seventy men, fifty-three of whom were
+Connaught Rangers, the whole being under the command of Lieut. Long, a
+mere stripling lad of twenty-two. Soon after Brunker's Spruit the Boers
+called upon Lydenberg to surrender, thinking that the lad of twenty-two
+would do as he was told like an obedient boy. But they soon found that
+they were mistaken. Long wisely temporised, and made use of a few days
+thus gained to strengthen his defences. Soon came the Boers' second
+demand of surrender, and this time it was scornfully flung back. So, on
+the 6th January, the Boers' bombarded the place, but the little
+garrison held out, and, for twelve weeks, the forces of siege,
+sickness, hunger and thirst failed to break the spirit of the gallant
+band. Then, when peace was declared, the 94th had no cause to feel
+ashamed, for in their hands Lydenberg had never surrendered. The
+British flag still fluttered above it. Worn and exhausted by terrible
+hardships and privations, but <i>still unconquered</i>, the survivors
+came forth in peace.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Harp and Crown. The Elephant.
+The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Quis Separabit."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Seringapatam, Talavera,
+Busaco, Fuentes d'Onoro, Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria,
+Nivelle, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol,
+Central India, S. Africa 1877-79, 1899-1902, Relief of Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with green facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[Raised in 1793 in Connaught. Both Battns. gained undying fame in the
+Peninsula War, the regiment having the honour of forming the forlorn
+hope at the storming of both Badajoz and Ciudad Rodrigo. The regiment
+also fought with distinction in the Crimea and the Indian Mutiny. During
+the Boer War of 1899 the 1st Battn. formed part of the famous Irish
+Brigade in Natal, and in 1901 it became a battn. of mounted infantry.]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XVI">&nbsp;</a>
+THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Thin Red Line</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"Wherever they have lived and fought they have carried with them the
+fearless picturesqueness of their indomitable mountains."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+At Sevastopol, as at few other battles in the history of wars, was
+displayed the most magnificent valour of the Highlander. The approaches
+to Balaclava were protected by six batteries manned by Turks, who, it
+will be remembered, were in those days our allies. On October 25th,
+1854, the Russians made a determined attack on these redoubts, speedily
+captured three of the batteries, and at once turned them on the 93rd
+Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, compelling them to seek cover
+behind a slight ridge. No sooner had they done so than a horde of
+Russian cavalry swept down upon them, whereat Sir Colin ordered his men
+to breast the ridge and hold it against them at all costs. "Men," he
+said, "there is no retreat from here; you must die where you stand."
+"Ay, ay, Sir Colin," was the cool response, "and we'll do that if needs
+be."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The men were only two or three deep, but that "thin red line,"
+bristling with steel, was none the less formidable for that. Every
+heart was staunch and every hand was steady. Nearer and nearer came the
+rolling thunder of the Russian cavalry, quickening as it came. They
+were now at 600 yards. "Fire!" the order was given, and the lead went
+forth, but the Russians, though galled, still came on. At 200 yards a
+second volley rang out, and this time the enemy wavered and could only
+be rallied by the remarkable determination of their officers. Their
+swerve was headed into a flank attack, but the Highlanders stood firm
+as their native rocks, and met their last onrush with volley on volley.
+</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"Then had you seen a gallant shock</div>
+<div>When saddles were emptied and lances broke."</div></div></div></div>
+
+<p>
+The enemy, now in confusion, looked at the cold steel awaiting them,
+turned in dismay and fled in disorder to the shelter of their own guns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The 93rd were also at Lucknow, and the way they came to the rescue of
+the hard-pressed garrison of that city makes a thrilling episode.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Well known is the story of Jessie, the Scotch nurse, who was within the
+fortifications of Lucknow when the final grip of despair was closing on
+the beleaguered garrison. Sitting musing on the hope of death as
+against the horrors of surrender, she suddenly raised her head and
+listened. Was she dreaming of the hills and glens of her native land,
+which she might never see again, or was that the sound of the pibrochs
+floating on the breeze from far away? She started up, declaring that
+she heard the wild music of her own country drawing nearer and nearer
+out of the distance. Others listened, but could hear nothing, and
+thought that Jessie was fey. But the simple-living Scotch folk are
+renowned for their second sight and clairaudience, and the event proved
+that Jessie was right; for at that moment, though far beyond the range
+of physical hearing, the Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, were
+marching swiftly towards Lucknow, with Cameron striding at their head,
+blowing his loudest.
+</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="image"><img width="500" height="294" src="images/004.jpg" alt="THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS AT BALACLAVA.">
+<p class="caption">THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS AT BALACLAVA.
+<br><i>From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+When they arrived at the city they made no pause, but swept down on the
+dastardly foe with irresistible force, while the bagpipes screamed and
+the men cheered wildly. Then ensued a running fight lasting some hours,
+after which post after post was seized and occupied until finally the
+siege was raised, and Sir Colin Campbell and Sir Henry Havelock met
+within the city and shook hands on a glorious relief.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;A Boar's Head within a wreath of
+myrtle. A Cat within a wreath of broom, all over the label as
+represented in the arms of the Princess Louise, and surmounted with
+H.R.H.'s coronet. In each of the four corners the Princess Louise Cypher
+and Coronet.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Mottoes.</span>&#8212;"Ne obliviscaris." "Sans peur."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Cape of Good Hope 1806,
+Rolica, Vimiera, Coronna, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse,
+Peninsula, Alma, Balaclava, Sevastopol, Lucknow, S. Africa 1846-47,
+1851-53, 1879, 1899-1902, Modder River, Paardeberg.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Regular and Reserve Battns.,
+scarlet with yellow facings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+[1st Battn. (Argyllshire Highlanders): raised in 1794 by the Duke of
+Argyll. 2nd Battn. (Sutherland Highlanders): raised by the Duke of
+Sutherland in 1800. The 1st Battn. formed the bulk of the heroes of the
+wreck of the <i>Birkenhead</i>. The 2nd Battn. were the celebrated "thin
+red line" at Balaclava. The regiment won great distinction during the
+Indian Mutiny. It formed part of General Wauchope's force at
+Magersfontein (1899).]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XVII">&nbsp;</a>
+THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS
+<br><br>
+<span class="small">
+("<span class="sc">The Old Toughs</span>")
+</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+The Dublin Fusiliers had a large share in writing the red history of
+India. Their prestige has been drawn mainly from the East. Indeed,
+although they have been in existence 246 years, they never set eyes on
+the white cliffs of Dover until the other day, so to speak, in 1871. On
+their colours stand the Royal Tiger of Bengal, and the Indian Elephant,
+together with the honours&#8212;Plassey, Mysore, The Carnatic, Buxar, and
+many others gained in India which are unknown to any other regiment. In
+the conquest of India they were Clive's men, Warren Hastings' men, and
+"their names are the names of the victories of England." It is scarcely
+too much to say that Indian territory was made British by the Dublin
+Fusiliers. The story of how India would have become part of the French
+Empire but for the daring genius of an obscure youth and the
+indomitable valour of the Dublin Fusiliers makes thrilling reading.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The French had laid siege to Trichinopoly, knowing that, with its fall,
+fell India into their hands; but Clive, a young man of twenty-five
+years, a born genius, without any further acquirement in the way of
+special training, evolved as if by a heaven-sent inspiration&#8212;a sudden
+plan&#8212;the consummate daring of which has not been equalled in the
+history of any other nation. It was, in brief, to raise the siege of
+Trichinopoly by dealing a sledge-hammer stroke upon Arcot, the capital
+of the Carnatic&#8212;a city whose population was 100,000, and whose
+garrison consisted of 1,100 trained men. Clive proposed to subdue this
+strongly defended city with 200 Dublin Fusiliers and 300 Sepoys. This
+unheard-of intention must have had something unseen and undreamt of
+behind it, as the shadow of the coming event. The issue proved this.
+With his handful of men, tuned to his own pitch of enthusiasm, he
+marched boldly on Arcot during the night. He was not alone. His allies
+were the elements. As he neared the gates of the city, they broke
+loose. The lightning flashed, the thunder roared, and the rain
+descended in torrents. In the midst of this, he and his little band
+entered the city as if at the head of an unknown mighty army. These
+men, who came attended by the artillery of the storm gods, by the
+lightning's flash and search-light, seemed all too many for the
+garrison. Terrified, they fled in tumult and disorder, and Clive by
+this master-stroke, aided by That which has aided Britain many times in
+a moment of daring extremity, seized Arcot, and held it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But this master-stroke required confirmation before it was effective.
+It yet remained for Clive, and his brave band to display the endurance
+and patience necessary to hold what was won. The besiegers of
+Trichinopoly gathered reinforcements, and beleaguered Arcot. Ten
+thousand men enforced that place. In the course of days four officers,
+nearly 100 Dublin Fusiliers and over 100 Sepoys were lost. Says an
+eye-witness who describes the place, "The ramparts were too narrow to
+admit the guns, the battlements too low to protect the soldiers." In
+this siege, which lasted fifty days, elephants were used by the
+besieging hosts. With the battering-rams slung between them, they were
+pushed forward against the walls, but the "Dubs" sent such a fusilade
+against them that the beasts turned tail, and trampled hundreds of the
+enemy to death.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The little body of Dublin Fusiliers and Sepoys&#8212;it was the first, but
+not the last time that Indian troops have fought bravely by our
+side&#8212;held out, and finally the enemy, after a fierce attack, in which
+they were worsted, retreated. Clive followed them up remorselessly. In
+that pursuit Pondicherry and Tanjore were taken, and now, at Plassey,
+were 100 British, and 2,000 Sepoys, who, in a decisive action, defeated
+60,000 of the enemy under Surajah Dowlah. This superiority of a cause
+which, reinforcing an inferiority of men, has proved, through thick
+blood and thin, to be at the behest of civilisation, is not without its
+far-off echo in the present day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It needs to be added that the whole of the honours of the Dublin
+Fusiliers, until "South Africa, 1899-1902," and "Relief of Ladysmith,"
+were won by the Madras Fusiliers and Bombay Fusiliers (East India
+Company's regiments). It was only in 1881 that they were given the name
+"Royal Dublin Fusiliers," and as such, our English, Scotch and Welsh
+have never a fault to find with them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Arcot that Lieutenant Trewith, of the Madras Fusiliers, saved
+Clive's life at the expense of his own, and so, indirectly, yet
+practically, saved India. At a moment when Clive was unaware of danger
+Trewith saw one of the besiegers taking a long, steady aim at him
+through a small breach. There was no time to do anything in the way of
+warning. There was merely time to thrust his own body between the
+bullet and Clive's heart&#8212;between another Power and India. That was a
+moment as heroic for an individual as it was critical for a nation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+From the battle of Plassey onwards, wherever there was fighting, there
+were the Dublin Fusiliers. At Condore and Wandiwash, at Buxar and
+Sholingur, they were present&#8212;not in numbers but in force. It has
+ceased to be a strange thing regarding the Dublin Fusiliers that their
+greatest victories were those in which the odds were against them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At Cuddalore the "Dubs" saw the first step of a romance which went far
+in a world of practical reality. It was there that they took no less a
+person than Bernadotte prisoner&#8212;Bernadotte, the born leader of men,
+who afterwards married Desir&#233;e Clary (the early love of Napoleon),
+became Field Marshal, and died King of Sweden. Little did those
+practical fighters think, when they treated the young Bernadotte kindly
+at their camp fire that they had actually captured the future father of
+King Oscar of Sweden&#8212;a monarch who received his name from his
+god-father Napoleon Bonaparte, after his favourite hero, Oscar of
+<i>Ossian</i>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As the almost impossible name of Nundy Droog has been glorified by the
+"Dubs," one may fairly reason that the glory of a place-name may be
+derived from what takes place there. Nundy Droog is a fortress set upon
+a great crag, nearly half a mile high. The story of the three weeks'
+siege of this difficult place has a sublime climax in the final and
+victorious assault of the Dublin Fusiliers. It was night, and the
+Indian moon shone full upon the giant crag, whose serried points seemed
+to pierce the sky, casting deep shadows on the rocky facets and gloomy
+ravines. From far above fell the bugle calls of the defenders, tossed
+by echo from precipice to precipice, to die away in the dark spaces.
+Then rang out an answering clarion note from below, sounding the
+assault, and the Dublin Fusiliers advanced up the sides of that
+precipitous height. "Then," says a chronicler, with a peculiar
+inversion of metaphorical allusion, "hell opened <i>above them</i>,
+cannon shot ploughed through them, musketry raked them, rockets blasted
+them, great boulders rolled down from above and carried many away."
+But, undaunted, the Dublin Fusiliers climbed on and up, until at last
+their final dash on the summit was so determined that the enemy fled
+dismayed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Later, standing in pools of blood where lay women of Cawnpore, while
+little baby-shoes floated about them, the Dublin Fusiliers&#8212;strong men,
+sobbing with grief&#8212;vowed vengeance on the perpetrators of the foulest
+deeds, and saw it carried out. The murderers were captured and blown
+from the guns, their hands smeared with the blood of their innocent
+victims, and, according to their own belief, their high-caste souls
+consequently damned for ever.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Dublin Fusiliers fought grandly in the Boer War, and nothing could
+hold them back. After Colenso they were found to be only 400 strong. In
+view of their terrible losses it was decided to send them off to Frere
+to keep the communications open. It was at parade that they were
+informed of this, and they one and all "nabbed the rust" and swore they
+would be in the fighting line or die. They were expostulated with, but
+all arguments were of no avail; the fighting spirit was too strong, and
+these heroic fellows were allowed to remain to have another cut at the
+enemy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+During the battle of Colenso occurred a real "Irish" incident which is
+amusing. The "Dubs" were advancing on the enemy's left flank under a
+searching shell and rifle fire, when they paused for cover at a
+poorly-sheltered spot. Here two of the men had a private difference,
+and, with the battle raging round them, and the bullets whistling
+through their hair, they set about one another with their fists, their
+comrades gathering round and looking on with interest. When the matter
+was satisfactorily settled, and the best man had let the other up, the
+two shook hands, and, joining common cause against the enemy, coolly
+resumed the advance, and proceeded about the less personal business of
+the day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was at Lucknow that Tommy Atkins, the sentry, when he saw the people
+flying for the Residency, refused to leave his post, and was killed by
+the Sepoys. This proud nickname, Tommy Atkins, has now come to mean any
+soldier in the British Army, and rightly so, for, be it said, they are
+all built on the same plan as the one who immortalized their present
+name.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There are two true stories of the Dublin Fusiliers which will bear
+repeating; indeed, they are more than true: they are tender and true,
+and show the noblest form of self-sacrifice in the face of unconquering
+death. At Natal, when Captain Paton was severely wounded, one of his
+disabled men crept to his side in the cold, teeming rain, and lay with
+his arms about him all night long, trying to keep the necessary warmth
+in his body. And if you remind an old Dublin Fusilier of this touching
+story, he will most probably tell you another of eighty years ago,
+which is like unto it. There were, so the records tell, two
+foster-brothers in the Bombay Fusiliers (the 2nd "Dubs")&#8212;the younger
+an officer, and the elder a devil-may-care private. "Ye'll be lookin'
+after the lad," said their mother, when they left for the front. "I
+will," replied the reckless one; and he did. They were found, years
+later, upon a mountain-side in India, both dead, lying among dead and
+wounded. But&#8212;and here is the lump in the throat&#8212;the younger had been
+badly wounded, and the elder only slightly; but, dead from exposure,
+there he lay by his brother's side, stripped to the skin, all his
+clothes being piled upon his mother's younger son to keep his ebbing
+life-spark warm. Deep down in the devil-may-care Bombay Fusilier who
+did that deed was surely the spirit that conquers death, subjecting it
+to the higher glory of Britain.
+</p>
+
+<hr class="short">
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p class="ctr">
+THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Badges.</span>&#8212;The Royal Tiger, superscribed,
+"Plassey," "Buxar." The Elephant, superscribed "Carnatic," "Mysore."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Motto.</span>&#8212;"Spectamur Agendo."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Battle Honours.</span>&#8212;Arcot, Condore, Wandiwash,
+Scholingur, Nundy Droog, Amboyna, Ternate, Banda, Pondicherry,
+Mahidpoor, Guzerat, Seringapatam, Kirkee, Beni Boo Ally, Aden, Punjaub,
+Mooltan, Goojerat, Ava, Pegu, Lucknow, S. Africa 1899-1902, Relief of
+Ladysmith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span class="sc">Uniform.</span>&#8212;Scarlet with blue facings.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XVIII">&nbsp;</a>
+FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"A battle's never lost until it's won."&#8212;<i>Old British
+proverb.</i>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Nothing could stop that astonishing infantry."
+</p>
+
+<p class="sig">
+<i>Napier.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+As at Balaclava and Inkerman, a great number of our Expeditionary
+regiments now contending side by side at the front were present at the
+victorious battle of Fuentes d'Onoro, and a new significance attaches
+to that name from the fact that these regiments were mainly responsible
+for the victory on that occasion. The battle is also very noteworthy in
+the annals of British pluck and endurance for the number of times the
+little village was taken and retaken in the course of the day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In September, 1810, Wellington, having beaten Regnier and Ney at
+Busaco, withdrew to his colossal defences at Torres Vedras. In the
+following spring he again assumed the offensive, and marched his army
+to Fuentes d'Onoro, where the battle of glorious incident was fought. A
+Highlander who was in the fight has described it in the following
+picturesque narrative, which as his description is taken from notes
+written in camp, contains no indication as to his regiment, and
+prudently refrains from mentioning the names of most of the other
+regiments, we may preface it with a list of the principal regiments
+engaged. They were as follow:
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+1st (Royal) Dragoons; 14th (King's) Hussars; 16th (Queen's) Lancers; the
+Coldstream Guards and Scots Guards; King's Royal Rifle Corps; the Rifle
+Brigade; 1st and 2nd Battalion Highland Light Infantry; 2nd Battalion
+Gordon Highlanders; 1st Battalion Royal Highlanders (Black Watch); 1st
+Battalion South Wales Borderers; 1st Battalion Queen's Own Cameron
+Highlanders; Norfolk Regiment; 1st Battalion Yorkshire Light Infantry;
+1st Battalion Royal Irish Rifles; 1st Battalion Connaught Rangers; 16th
+Lancers; and others.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+And here is his story, in the course of which the reader must make what
+he can of the curious fact that the cavalry on both sides were chiefly
+Germans!
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"Our regiment was moved to the village of Fuentes d'Onoro, a few miles
+nearer Almeida. A great part of the way we moved through a wood of oak
+trees, in which the inhabitants of the surrounding villages had herds of
+swine feeding; here the voice of the cuckoo was never mute; night and
+day its simple notes were heard in every quarter of the wood.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The village we now occupied was in Spain&#8230;. The site of the
+village was beautiful and romantic; it lay in a sort of ravine, down
+which a small river brawled over an irregular rocky bed, in some places
+forming precipitous falls of many feet; the acclivity on each side was
+occasionally abrupt, covered with trees and thick brush-wood. Three
+leagues to the left of our front lay the villages of Gallegos and
+Espeja, in and about which our Light Division and cavalry were
+quartered. Between this and Fuentes lay a large wood, which, receding on
+the right, formed a plain, flanked by a deep ravine, being a
+continuation of that in which the village lay. In our rear was another
+plain, on which our army subsequently formed, and behind that, in a
+valley, Villa Fermosa, the river Coa running past it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"We had not been many days here when we received intelligence that the
+light troops were falling back upon our village, the enemy having
+recrossed the Agueda in great force, for the purpose of relieving
+Almeida, which we had blockaded. On the morning we received this
+intelligence (3rd May, 1811), our regiment turned out of the town, and
+took up their position with the rest of the division on a plain some
+distance behind it. The morning was uncommonly beautiful; the sun shone
+bright and warm; the various odoriferous shrubs, which were scattered
+profusely around, perfumed the air, and the woods rang with the song of
+birds.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The Light Division and cavalry falling back, followed by the columns of
+the French, the various divisions of the army assembling on the plain
+from different quarters, their arms glittering in the sun; bugles
+blowing, drums beating, the various staff officers galloping about to
+different parts of the line giving orders, formed a scene which realized
+to my mind all that I had ever read of feats of arms, or the pomp of
+war&#8212;a scene which no one could behold unmoved, or without feeling
+a portion of that enthusiasm which always accompanies 'deeds of high
+daring'; a scene justly conceived, and well described by Moore, in the
+beautiful song:&#8212;
+</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>Oh, the sight entrancing</div>
+<div>When the morning's beam is glancing</div>
+<div class="i1">O'er files array'd</div>
+<div class="i1">With helm and blade</div>
+<div>And plumes in the gay wind dancing!</div></div></div></div>
+
+<p>
+"Our position was now taken up in such a way that our line ran along the
+frontiers of Portugal, maintaining the blockade of Almeida by our left,
+while our right kept open the communication with Sabugal, the place
+where the last action was fought.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The French advanced on our position in three columns, about three
+o'clock in the afternoon, and detached a strong body of troops against
+Fuentes, which was at this time occupied as an advance post by the 60th
+Regiment (1st Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps), and the light company
+of our division. The skirmishers were covered in their advance by
+cavalry, in consequence of which ours were obliged to fall back for
+greater safety to some stone fences on the outskirts of the village,
+while a party of our German hussars covered their retreat.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The cavalry now commenced skirmishing, the infantry keeping up an
+occasional fire. It was rather remarkable that the cavalry on both sides
+happened to be Germans. When this was understood, volleys of insulting
+language, as well as shot, were exchanged between them. One of our
+hussars got so enraged at something one of his opponents said, that,
+raising his sword, he dashed forward upon him into the very centre of
+their line. The insulting hussar, seeing that he had no mercy to expect
+from his enraged foe, wheeled about his horse, and rode to the rear. The
+other, determined on revenge, still continued to follow him. The whole
+attention, on both sides, was drawn for a moment to these two, and a
+temporary cessation of firing took place. The French stared in
+astonishment at our hussar's temerity, while our men were cheering him
+on. The chase continued for some way to the rear of their cavalry. At
+last, our hussar, coming up with him, fetched a furious blow, and
+brought him to the ground.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Awakening now to a sense of the danger he had thrown himself into, he
+set his horse at full speed to get back to his comrades, but the French,
+who were confounded when he passed, had recovered their surprise, and,
+determined on avenging the death of their comrade, they joined in
+pursuit, firing their pistols at him. The poor fellow was now in a
+hazardous plight; they were every moment gaining upon him, and he had
+still a long way to ride. A band of the enemy took a circuit for the
+purpose of intercepting him, and before he could reach the line, he was
+surrounded, and would have been cut to pieces, had not a party of his
+comrades, stimulated by the wish to save so brave a fellow, rushed
+forward, and arrived just in time, by making the attack general, to save
+his life, and brought him off in triumph.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The overwhelming force which the French now pushed forward on the
+village could not be withstood by the small number of troops which
+defended it; they were obliged to give way, and were fairly forced to a
+rising ground on the other side, where stood a small chapel. The French
+now thought they had gained their point, but they were soon undeceived,
+for, being reinforced at this place by the Portuguese cacadores, our
+lads came to the right-about, and attacked them with such vigour that in
+a short time they were driven back to their old ground. While retreating
+through the town, one of our sergeants, who had run up the wrong street,
+being pushed hard by the enemy, ran into one of the houses; they were
+close at his heels, and he had just time to wrench open the door of a
+cupboard in a recess and tumble himself into a large chest, when they
+entered and commenced plundering the house, expressing their wonder, at
+the same time, concerning the sudden disappearance of the 'Anglois' whom
+they had seen run into the house. During the time the poor sergeant lay
+sweating and half smothered they were busy breaking open everything that
+came in their way, looking for plunder, and they had just discovered the
+concealed door of his hiding-place when the noise of our men cheering,
+as they charged the enemy through the town, forced them to take flight.
+The sergeant now got out, and having joined his company, assisted in
+driving the French back.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"No other part of the line had as yet been attacked by the French; they
+seemed bent on taking the village of Fuentes in the first place, as a
+stepping-stone, and the main body of each army lay looking at each
+other. Finding that the force they had sent down, great as it was, could
+not keep possession of the place, they sent forward two strong bodies of
+fresh troops to re-attack it, one of which, composed of the Irish
+Legion, dressed in red uniform, was at first taken for a British
+regiment, and they had time to form up, and give us a volley before the
+mistake was discovered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The village was now vigorously attacked by the enemy at two points, and
+with such a superior force, that, in spite of the unparalleled bravery
+of our troops, they were driven back, contesting every inch of the
+ground.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"On our retreat through the village, we were met by the 71st Regiment,
+cheering and led on by Colonel Cadogan, which had been detached from the
+line to our support. The chase was now turned, and although the French
+were obstinately intent on keeping their ground, and so eager that many
+of their cavalry had entered the town and rushed furiously down the
+streets, all their efforts were in vain; nothing could withstand the
+charge of the gallant 71st, and in a short time, in spite of all
+resistance, they cleared the village."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+[This regiment (1st Battalion Highland Light Infantry) was always
+remarkable for its gallantry. The brave Cadogan well knew the art of
+rendering his men invincible; he knew that the courage of the British
+soldier is best called forth by associating it with his country, and he
+also knew how to time the few words which produced such magical
+effects.]
+</p>
+
+<div class="blockquote">
+<p>
+"We were now once more in possession of the place, but our loss, as well
+as that of the French, had been very great. In particular places of the
+village, where a stand had been made, or the shot brought to bear, the
+slaughter had been immense. The French, enraged at being thus baffled in
+all their attempts to attack the town, sent forward a force composed of
+the very flower of their army, but they gained only a temporary
+advantage, for, being reinforced by the 79th Regiment&#8212;although the
+contest remained doubtful until night&#8212;we remained in possession of
+it, with the exception of a few houses on the rise of the hill at the
+French side. The light brigade of our division was now withdrawn, and
+the 71st and 79th Regiments remained as a picquet in it during the
+night. Next morning it was again occupied as before. On the 4th both
+sides were busily employed burying the dead and bringing in the wounded,
+French and English promiscuously mixed, and assisted each other in that
+melancholy duty, as if they had been intimate friends&#8230;. During
+this day, the French generals reconnoitred our position, and next
+morning (the 5th), they made a movement to their left with two strong
+columns. This caused a corresponding movement in our lines, and it was
+scarcely made, when they attacked our right, composed of the 7th
+Division, with all their cavalry, and succeeded in turning it, but they
+were gallantly met by some squadrons of our dragoons, and repulsed.
+Their columns of infantry still continued to advance on the same point,
+and were much galled by the heavy fire kept up on them by the 7th
+Division, but in consequence of this movement, our communication with
+Sabugal was abandoned for a stronger position, and our army was now
+formed in two lines, the Light Division and cavalry in reserve. This
+man&#339;uvre paralysed their attack on our line, and their efforts were
+chiefly confined to partial cannonading, and some charges with their
+cavalry, which were received and repulsed by the 3rd Regiment of Guards
+in one instance; but, as they were falling back, they did not perceive
+the charge of a different body of the enemy's cavalry in time to form,
+and many of them were killed, wounded, and taken prisoners. Colonel
+Hill, who commanded the picquets, was among the latter; the 42nd
+Regiment (The Black Watch) also, under Lord Blantyre, gallantly repulsed
+another charge made by the enemy's cavalry. The Frenchmen then attempted
+to push a strong body of light infantry down the ravine to the right of
+the 1st Division, but they were driven back by some companies of the
+Guards and 95th Rifles (now the "Rifle Brigade.")
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"While on the right this was going on, the village of Fuentes was again
+attacked by a body of the Imperial Guard, and, as on the 3rd, the
+village was taken and retaken several times. At one time they had
+brought down such an overwhelming force that our troops were fairly beat
+out of the town, and the French formed a close column between it and us.
+Some guns which were posted on the rise in front of our line, having
+opened upon them, made them change their ground, and the 88th Regiment
+(Connaught Rangers) being detached from our division, led on by the
+heroic General McKinnon (who commanded our right brigade), charged them
+furiously, and drove them back through the village with great slaughter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Some time previous to this, General Picton had had occasion to check
+this regiment for some little plundering affair they had been guilty of,
+and he was so offended at their conduct that, in addressing them, he had
+told them they were the greatest 'blackguards' in the army. But, as he
+was always as ready to give praise as censure, where it was due, when
+they were returning from this gallant and effective charge, he
+exclaimed, 'Well done, the brave 88th!' Some of them who had been stung
+at his former reproaches cried out, 'Are we the greatest blackguards in
+the army now?' The valiant Picton smiled, and replied: 'No, no, you are
+brave and gallant soldiers; this day has redeemed your character.'
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"At one time during the contest, when the enemy had gained a partial
+position of the village, our light troops had retired into a small wood
+above it, where they were huddled together without any regularity (a
+French officer, while leading on his men, having been killed in our
+front), a bugler of the 83rd Regiment (now 1st Battalion Irish Rifles)
+starting out between the fire of both parties, seized his gold watch;
+but he had scarcely returned, when a cannon shot from the enemy came
+whistling past him, and he fell lifeless on the spot. The blood spurted
+out of his nose and ears, but with the exception of this, there was
+neither wound nor bruise on his body&#8212;the shot had not touched him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"The phenomenon here described has been the subject of much discussion
+among medical men; some attribute it to the shot becoming electrical,
+and parting with its electricity in passing the body, while others
+maintain that the ball does strike the individual obliquely, and
+although there is no appearance of injury on the surface, there always
+exists serious derangement of the system internally.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"We had regained possession of the village a short time after, and got a
+little breathing time&#8230;. After the various takings and retakings of
+the village, night again found us in possession of it. On the 6th, no
+attempt was made to renew the attack, and, as on the 4th, the army on
+each side was employed burying the dead, and looking after the wounded.
+On the 7th, we still remained quiet, but on this day the whole French
+army were reviewed on the plain by Massena. On the 8th, the French
+sentries were withdrawn at daylight, the main body of the enemy having
+retired during the night to the woods between Fuentes and Gallegos. On
+the 9th they broke up, and retired from their position, and on the 10th
+they had recrossed the Agueda without having accomplished the relief of
+Almeida."
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+Full of interest and significance as was the battle of Fuentes d'Onoro,
+it remains that the most sanguinary and glorious battle of the
+Peninsular War, as far as the soldiers were concerned, was that of
+Albuera where, on May 16th, the skilful Soult was defeated by
+Beresford, with tremendous slaughter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Just as the battle of Fuentes arose out of the determination of Massena
+to save Almeida, so that of Albuera was owing to Soult's desire to save
+Badajoz, which was in siege by Beresford. Wellington was returning
+victorious from the north to join Beresford, but, before he arrived,
+the bloodiest battle of the Peninsula was over.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Before the siege of Badajoz was well compacted Soult came up with a
+superior force, and Beresford decided to raise the siege and stake the
+issue on a pitched battle. The Allies took up their position on the
+ridge of Albuera, some 28,000 strong, including 10,000 half-trained
+Spaniards, who were something between a hindrance and a help. Soult's
+force consisted of 19,000 picked infantry, 4,000 cavalry, and fifty
+guns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is the very climax and turning point of this fight that interests us
+here. It came at a time when Houghton's Brigade, being practically
+worsted in an assault on the ridge, were failed by Beresford, but
+succored by Colonel Hardinge, who, on his own responsibility, ordered
+the advance of General Cole's Division against the enemy. This, the 4th
+Division, consisting mainly of British fusiliers, succeeded in turning
+the tide of battle. Cole himself led the fusiliers up the hill, on the
+crest of which the French with their artillery were stationed in force;
+and, as if that were not superiority enough, the whole of Soult's
+reserve was advancing in mass to support the columns on the ridge.
+Houghton's Brigade held on in what seemed a losing fight. The ground
+was heaped with dead, and the Polish lancers were beginning to gather
+round the British guns. The brigade saw defeat and destruction staring
+it in the face. But they endured for sheer tenacity's sake, not knowing
+that but a few moments more mattered everything. The Royal Welsh
+Fusiliers swept steadily upwards, attacked the savage lancers, charged
+their gathering hosts, and put the enemy to rout. It was Houghton's
+Brigade that had borne the brunt, but it was the Welsh Fusiliers that
+decided the victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Napier has pictured this glorious passage of arms so vividly that it is
+no man's presumptuous task to describe it independently. "Such a
+gallant line," he says, "issuing from the midst of smoke, and rapidly
+separating itself from the confused and broken multitude, startled the
+enemy's heavy masses which were increasing and pressing onwards as to
+an assured victory. They wavered, hesitated, and then, vomiting forth a
+storm of fire, hastily endeavoured to enlarge their front, while a
+fearful discharge of grape from all their artillery whistled through
+the British ranks. Sir William Myers was killed. Cole, and the three
+Colonels: Ellis, Blakeney, and Hawkshawe, fell wounded, and the
+fusilier battalions, struck by the iron tempest, reeled and staggered
+like sinking ships. Suddenly and sternly recovering, they closed on
+their terrible enemies, and then was seen with what a strength and
+majesty the British soldier fights. In vain did Soult, by voice and
+gesture, animate his Frenchmen; in vain did the hardiest veterans,
+extricating themselves from the crowded columns, sacrifice their lives
+to gain time for the mass to open out on such a fair field; in vain did
+the mass itself bear up, and, fiercely arising, fire indiscriminately
+upon friends and foes, while the horsemen hovering on the flank,
+threatened to charge the advancing line. Nothing could stop that
+astonishing infantry. No sudden burst of undisciplined valour, no
+nervous enthusiasm weakened the stability of their order; their
+flashing eyes were bent on the dark columns in their front; their
+measured tread shook the ground; their dreadful volleys swept away the
+head of every formation; their deafening shouts overpowered the
+dissonant cries that broke from all parts of the tumultuous crowd as,
+foot by foot, and with a horrid carnage, it was driven by the incessant
+vigour of the attack to the farthest edge of the hill. In vain did the
+French reserves, joining with the struggling multitudes, endeavour to
+sustain the fight; their efforts only increased the irremediable
+confusion, and the mighty mass, giving way like a loosened cliff, went
+headlong down the ascent. The rain flowed after in streams discoloured
+with blood, and 1,500 unwounded men, the remnant of 6,000 unconquerable
+British soldiers, stood triumphant on the fatal hill."
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It must be added to this classic word-picture of the fight on the ridge
+that Marshal Beresford in his despatch to Lord Wellington, dated
+Albuera, 18th May, said, "It was observed that our dead, particularly
+the 57th Regiment (the "Die Hards" of Albuera), were lying as they had
+fought in the ranks, and that every wound was in front."
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<a name="XIX">&nbsp;</a>
+BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquotehead">
+<p>
+"The Cavalry do as they like to the enemy until they are confronted
+by thrice their numbers&#8230;.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+"Our Artillery has never been opposed to less than three or four
+times their numbers."&#8212;<i>Sir John French at the Front.</i>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+The majority of the Expeditionary Forces now at the front carry in
+their hearts if not on their standards the glorious legends of
+Balaclava and of Inkerman. At a time when it has become so evident that
+the tendency of the Prussian military system is to crush individual
+initiative, while that of the British system is to encourage it on
+equal terms with a free and unhesitating obedience to the will of the
+commander, the battles of Balaclava and Inkerman are of peculiar
+significance, for, while Balaclava contains a glorious instance of
+blind obedience, Inkerman stands alone as a sanguinary conflict in
+which, to quote an eye-witness, "every man was his own general." For
+this reason it has been called a "soldiers' battle," and as such it
+forms a useful example, not only of the fine behaviour of our soldiers
+when thrown on the limit of their own individual resources, but also of
+the self-reliant valour and do-or-die spirit that has brought them
+through so many desperately prolonged struggles before and since. The
+fact that Inkerman was fought and won in a thick fog makes it all the
+more wonderful and satisfactory that the units, and even individuals,
+of our army on that occasion co-operated well within the boundaries of
+a sound and discreet initiative. Many full descriptions have been given
+of Balaclava and Inkerman. Our space here will not allow of more than a
+brief account of some of the glorious deeds on those fields of victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On October 25th, 1885, the Russians made a bold attempt to take
+Balaclava, and the tale of their defeat is the immortal tale of two of
+the finest cavalry charges ever known in the history of war.
+Immortalised in verse by Tennyson, the "Charge of the Light Brigade" is
+a deed bringing honour and glory for all time; yet the charge of the
+Heavy Brigade earlier on the same day was an affair even more deadly to
+the enemy and more responsible for the final victory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the first attack of the Russians the 93rd (Sutherland) Highlanders
+were called upon to face them and defend the foremost approach. Eight
+Squadrons of General Scarlett's Heavy Brigade on the left wing were at
+once ordered to their assistance. Of these the Scots Greys and
+Inniskillings were diverted to check the advance of a body of Russian
+cavalry 3,000 strong, which was descending from the hill into the
+valley. It all happened on the spur of the moment. As soon as Scarlett
+became aware of the meaning of those 3,000 of the enemy he made up his
+mind in a flash. It was one of the intuitions that determine the
+fortune of war. "Left wheel into line!" and the Greys and Inniskillings
+were ready. They saw the cause and understood the intention. They
+wheeled into line, and as they formed up with quick, cool decision, the
+Russians paused, as if to calculate, some 500 paces away. "Charge!" And
+the Greys and Inniskillings, with Scarlett at their head, thundered
+forward on the enemy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was a gallant and almost desperate undertaking, for the two
+squadrons were greatly out-numbered by the opposing force; but it was
+so sudden, unexpected and headlong, that the Russians were thrown into
+hesitation and scarcely knew on the spur of the moment the best way to
+meet it. After the terrible clash of meeting they could do no more than
+try to close in on the English, and in this, by dint of superior
+numbers, they must in the end have wiped our men out had it not been
+that in the very thick of it help came from several sides. First, small
+detachments of other "Heavies" came up rapidly and fell upon the
+enclosing Russians so fiercely that their plan was weakened. Then a
+whole squadron of Inniskillings from our right swept down on the
+enemy's left and completely frustrated its encircling movement.
+Finally, from different quarters, the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards and
+the Royals came up like a whirlwind, and the result of it all was a
+fight of the wildest and most terrible kind. In the thick of it were
+Scarlett and his two squadrons, and the enemy were cut up and swept
+away like chaff before the terrible onslaught within and without, until
+at last they broke and fled in utter confusion back over the crest of
+the hill. So, in glorious victory, ended the Charge of the Heavy
+Brigade, a splendid feat of generalship and valour which, though unsung
+by Laureates, nevertheless throws a tremendous weight of tradition into
+the spirit of the "Heavies" who, with three of their regiments&#8212;the
+Scots Greys, and the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards, are to-day repeating
+such deeds at the front without being aware that they are doing
+anything extraordinary.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Charge of the Light Brigade is a matter that all the world knows
+while all the world wonders&#8212;in one sense, that it was ever undertaken,
+and, in another, that mortal flesh and blood could dare so desperate
+and unwarlike a deed at the behest of discipline and still succeed in
+turning it to glorious account. What happened is household reading, but
+who could be restrained from relating it, and who can refrain from
+reading it yet once more?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Light Brigade, with the 13th Light Dragoons and the 17th Lancers in
+the first line, the 11th Hussars in the second, and the 4th Light
+Dragoons and the 8th Hussars in the third, was drawn up two deep as
+soon as the ambiguous order arrived. The Heavy Brigade was in readiness
+to support, with Lord Lucan commanding in person the Greys and Royals.
+A brief question as to the meaning of the order and a quick reply that
+it was no time to question, but merely to obey, and then the trumpet
+rang out for the charge. It had no uncertain sound and every man
+prepared to do and die as they went down the hill with Lord Cardigan at
+their head at a speed approaching twenty miles an hour. Sheets of
+flame, and a hail of lead, leapt out upon their flanks from the Russian
+infantry. Captain Nolan darted out across their front, shouting and
+waving his sword in the futile effort to explain that it was all a
+mistake. But their minds were made up and they did not heed or could
+not understand his gestures, at so swift a pace; and then, swifter
+still, a fragment of shell tore its way through Nolan's heart and his
+horse wheeled and bore him, dead, but still upright, through the
+advancing ranks before he fell.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile the brigade hurled forward, through the dense pall of smoke
+before the guns, into that dreadful impact which has shown the nations
+for ever what our heroes can do. Those who passed between the shot and
+shell passed also between the guns, sabring the gunners as they went,
+until they launched upon the squadron beyond. Then ensued a mighty
+conflict for the possession of the guns. While those in the first line
+fought fiercely with the enemy's cavalry the second and third lines
+thundered in and made their business plain. It was to silence the guns,
+and with all the courage of their kind they did it. Their tracks could
+be traced next day on the field by the lines of dead whose heads were
+not left upon their bodies, or were cloven "from the nave to the
+chaps." The fight was unequal, but they did not seem to realise it, for
+they fought their way back with a persistency that sent an undying
+thrill through all the world. These heroes fought on, and would have
+done so to the last drop had it not been for a timely charge of the
+French Chasseurs d'Afrique upon the pressing hosts of the enemy. Thus
+they were extricated&#8212;all that were left of them. "Then they rode
+back"&#8212;some 170 in formation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When they lined up in their original position and Lord Cardigan counted
+them in a glance, he said "Men, it was a mad-brained trick, but it was
+no fault of mine." Later, when the French General was asked his
+opinion, he replied, "It was magnificent, but it was not war." Later
+still, when Lord Cardigan came home, Queen Victoria asked him simply,
+"Where is my army?" Yet, though critics may speak of "absolute
+inutility," and calculating militarists of "sheer waste of life," it
+still remains that the crowning glory of the Light Brigade, born that
+day at Balaclava, has outlived all the survivors of that deathless
+fray, and will still live on when the sword of the conquered has been
+beaten once more into the ploughshare of peace. Ask any man of the 11th
+Hussars fighting at the front to-day what he thinks about the Charge of
+the Light Brigade, and, whatever he says, he will stand an inch higher
+while saying it. And so it is with the nation. In these days, from the
+Secretary for War to the latest recruit&#8212;even to the humblest
+non-combatant grimly enduring&#8212;we are greater, stronger, more
+whole-hearted for the memory of that glorious episode. It is far
+reaching. It is immortal.
+</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+<div class="stanza">
+<div>"When can their glory fade?</div>
+<div>Oh! the wild charge they made!</div>
+<div class="i1">All the world wondered.</div>
+<div>Honour the charge they made,</div>
+<div>Honour the Light Brigade;</div>
+<div class="i1">Noble Six Hundred!"</div></div></div></div>
+
+<p>
+Ten days had elapsed since their defeat at Balaclava when the Russians
+planned an over-whelming attack on our besieging army. Their objective
+was Mount Inkerman, their methods were secret, and their men 60,000.
+The event shows that they hoped, by sending a strong force to the west
+of Sevastopol and some 20,000 men to engage our army in the field, to
+carry Inkerman, and so compel us to raise the siege.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Through the mists of the cold November morning the Russians, stirred to
+the highest enthusiasm by the priests, advanced on Inkerman, and a
+fight of the most desperate character ensued. Our Second Division, sore
+pressed by overwhelming numbers, was suffering heavily, when,
+notwithstanding the fog, the enemy's strategy became apparent, and the
+Rifle Brigade were sent hurrying up from the field to their assistance.
+The 50th followed, and the battle round Inkerman, now a trifle less
+unequal, eddied and swirled and locked, turning now in favour of one
+side and now the other. All sides belched flame and in turn were
+bespattered with lead. Here a heap of Russian slain, and there, through
+a rift of the mist, a fitful gleam of serried bayonets. The British
+broke ranks and formed squares, and, in this formation, every square
+found work of its own in repelling the fierce and sudden rushes of the
+enemy. A couple of 18-pounders were brought up and long gaps were hewn
+out of the deep ranks of the attacking host. Small groups found
+antagonists by instinct in the mist and fought to a finish on their
+own. Commanders became fighting-men, and every fighting-man his own
+commander. It rested with each and all who had in common, not only the
+fog, but a general purpose, to see that they kept their place between
+anything Russian and the summit of Inkerman; and, in the process of
+this, hand-to-hand combats as heroic as any in the Trojan War were
+joined. "A series of dreadful deeds of daring," says Davenport Adams,
+"of sanguinary hand-to-hand fights, of despairing rallies, of desperate
+assaults in glens and valleys, in brush-wood and glades and remote
+dales, from which the conquerors issued only to engage fresh foes, till
+the old supremacy, so readily assailed, was again triumphant and the
+battalions of the Czar gave way before our steady courage and the
+chivalrous fire of France."
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="ctrsmall">
+<i>Wyman &#38; Sons Ltd., Printers, London and Reading.</i>
+</p>
+
+<br>
+
+<div class="tn">
+<p class="ctr">
+Transcriber's Note:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Minor typographical errors have been corrected without note.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as
+printed.
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of British Regiments at the Front, The
+Story of Their Battle Honours, by Reginald Hodder
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of British Regiments at the Front, The Story
+of Their Battle Honours, by Reginald Hodder
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: British Regiments at the Front, The Story of Their Battle Honours
+
+Author: Reginald Hodder
+
+Release Date: January 18, 2014 [EBook #44701]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Brian Coe and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+created from images of public domain material made available
+by the University of Toronto Libraries
+(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note: Minor typographical errors have been corrected
+without note. Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have
+been retained as printed. Words printed in italics are noted with
+underscores: _italics_.
+
+
+The Daily Telegraph
+
+WAR BOOKS
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+
+Cloth
+
+1/- net each
+
+The Daily Telegraph
+
+WAR BOOKS
+
+Post free 1/3 each
+
+    HOW THE WAR BEGAN
+    By W. L. COURTNEY. LLD., and J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    THE FLEETS AT WAR
+    By ARCHIBALD HURD
+
+    THE CAMPAIGN OF SEDAN
+    By GEORGE HOOPER
+
+    THE CAMPAIGN ROUND LIEGE
+    By J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    IN THE FIRING LINE
+    By A. ST. JOHN ADCOCK
+
+    GREAT BATTLES OF THE WORLD
+    By STEPHEN CRANE
+    Author of "The Red Badge of Courage."
+
+    BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+    The story of their Battle Honour.
+
+    THE RED CROSS IN WAR
+    By Miss MARY FRANCES BILLINGTON
+
+    FORTY YEARS AFTER
+    The Story of the Franco-German War. By H. C. BAILEY.
+    With an Introduction by W. L. COURTNEY. LL.D.
+
+    A SCRAP OF PAPER
+    The Inner History of German Diplomacy.
+    By E. J. DILLON
+
+    HOW THE NATIONS WAGED WAR
+    A companion volume to "How the War Began," telling how the
+        world faced.
+    Armageddon and how the British Army answered the call to arms.
+    By J. M. KENNEDY
+
+    AIR-CRAFT IN WAR
+    By S. ERIC BRUCE
+
+    FAMOUS FIGHTS OF INDIAN NATIVE REGIMENTS
+    THE TRIUMPHANT RETREAT TO PARIS
+    THE RUSSIAN ADVANCE
+
+    _OTHER VOLUMES IN PREPARATION_
+
+
+PUBLISHED FOR THE DAILY TELEGRAPH
+
+BY HODDER & STOUGHTON, WARWICK SQUARE,
+LONDON, E.C.
+
+
+
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+THE STORY OF THEIR BATTLE HONOURS
+
+
+BY
+
+REGINALD HODDER
+
+
+HODDER AND STOUGHTON
+LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO
+MCMXIV
+
+
+
+
+The Author wishes to express his indebtedness to MR. J. NORVILL for his
+valuable assistance and suggestions.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+CHAPTER                                                          PAGE
+
+  INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER--NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY
+  WERE WON                                                          9
+
+    I. 5TH DRAGOON GUARDS                                          41
+
+  II. THE CARABINIERS                                              43
+
+  III. THE SCOTS GREYS                                             49
+
+   IV. 15TH HUSSARS                                                57
+
+    V. 18TH HUSSARS                                                61
+
+   VI. THE GRENADIER GUARDS                                        63
+
+  VII. THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS                                       71
+
+ VIII. THE ROYAL SCOTS                                             76
+
+   IX. THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"                                        84
+
+    X. THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT                                      89
+
+   XI. THE NORFOLKS                                                92
+
+  XII. THE BLACK WATCH                                            100
+
+ XIII. THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT                                    113
+
+  XIV. THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS                                     118
+
+   XV. THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS                                      139
+
+  XVI. THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS                      142
+
+ XVII. THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS                                       146
+
+XVIII. FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA                                156
+
+   XIX. BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN                                    178
+
+
+
+
+NICKNAMES OF THE REGIMENTS AND HOW THEY WERE WON
+
+
+"The Rusty Buckles."
+
+The 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) got their name of "The Bays" in
+1767 when they were mounted on bay horses--a thing which distinguished
+them from other regiments, which, with the exception of the Scots
+Greys, had black horses. Their nickname, "The Rusty Buckles," though
+lending itself to a ready explanation, is doubtful as to its origin;
+but one thing is certain that the rust remained on the buckles only
+because the fighting was so strenuous and prolonged that there was no
+time to clean it off.
+
+
+"The Royal Irish."
+
+The 4th Dragoon Guards received this title in 1788, in recognition of
+its long service in Ireland since 1698. The regiment also has the name
+of the "Blue Horse" from the blue facings of the uniform.
+
+
+"The Green Horse."
+
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were given this name in 1717 when their facings
+were changed from buff to green. Some time later, after Salamanca, they
+were also called the "Green Dragoon Guards."
+
+
+"Tichborne's Own."
+
+The 6th Dragoon Guards, or Carabiniers, have been known as "Tichborne's
+Own" ever since the trial of Arthur Orton, as Sir Roger Tichborne had
+served for some time in the regiment. The name of "Carabiniers" has
+distinguished them ever since 1692, when they were armed with long
+pistols or "carabins." With these weapons they did signal work in
+Ireland in 1690-1.
+
+
+"Scots Greys."
+
+This regiment, the 2nd Dragoons, has been known by many names: "Second
+to None," "The Old Greys," "Royal Regiment of Scots Dragoons," (in
+1681, when they were commanded by the famous Claverhouse); "The Grey
+Dragoons" in 1700, the "Scots Regiment of White Horses," the "Royal
+Regiment of North British Dragoons" in 1707, the "2nd Dragoons" in
+1713, and the "2nd Royal North British Dragoons" in 1866.
+
+Associated with them and all their different names is the memorable cry
+of "Scotland for ever"--that wild shout they raised as they charged the
+French infantry at Waterloo. At Ramillies they captured the colours of
+the French Regiment du Roi and by this gained the right to wear
+grenadier caps instead of helmets. "Bubbly Jocks" is a nickname
+frequently used among themselves--a name derived from the fact that
+their dress in its general effect is not unlike that of the "Bubbly
+Jock" or turkey cock.
+
+
+"Lord Adam Gordon's Life Guards."
+
+The 3rd Hussars received this nickname from the fact that when Lord
+Adam Gordon commanded the regiment in Scotland he kept it there for
+such a long time--"for _life_" so to speak. When it was raised, in
+1685, the regiment was called "The Queen Consort's Regiment of
+Dragoons." In 1691 it was known as "Leveson's Dragoons." In the time of
+the George's it was called variously "King's Own Dragoons" and "Bland's
+Horse." In 1818 it was made a "Light Dragoon" regiment, and it was not
+until 1861 that it became Hussars.
+
+
+"Paget's Irregular Horse."
+
+The 4th Hussars received this title on its return from foreign service,
+when it was remarked that its drill was less regular than that of the
+other regiments. In 1685 it was called the "Princess Ann of Denmark's
+Regiment of Dragoons." Like the 3rd it was formed into a regiment of
+Hussars in 1861.
+
+
+"The Red Breasts."
+
+The 5th Lancers, or Royal Irish, are called "Red Breasts" because of
+their scarlet facings. In 1689 they were known as the "Royal Irish
+Dragoons," having been raised to assist at the siege of Londonderry in
+1688. They became the "5th Royal Irish Lancers" in 1858. This regiment
+has also been called the "Daily Advertisers," but the derivation of
+this name is somewhat obscure.
+
+
+"The Delhi Spearmen."
+
+The 9th Lancers received this name from the rebels of the Indian
+Mutiny, against whom they used their long lances with such deadly
+effect. In 1830 they were known as the "Queen's Royal Lancers," and
+"Wynne's Dragoons."
+
+
+"The Cherry Pickers."
+
+The 11th Hussars were dubbed "Cherry Pickers" because some of their men
+during the Peninsular War were taken prisoners in a fruit garden while
+supposed to be on outpost duty. They are known also as "Prince Albert's
+Own" from the fact that they formed part of the Prince's escort from
+Dover to Canterbury when he arrived in England in 1840 as the late
+Queen's chosen Consort. One hears them sometimes referred to as the
+"Cherubims," from their crimson overalls, busby bag, and crimson and
+white plume.
+
+
+"The Supple 12th."
+
+It was at Salamanca that the 12th Lancers received this honoured name,
+because of their dash and rapid movements.
+
+
+"The Fighting 15th."
+
+It was at Emsdorf that the 15th Hussars won this name, and their feat
+of arms on that field gained them the privilege to wear on their
+helmets the following inscription: "Five battalions of French defeated
+and taken by this Regiment with their colours and nine pieces of cannon
+at Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." In 1794, at Villiers-en-Couche, they
+charged with the Austrian Leopold Hussars against vastly superior
+numbers to protect the person of the Austrian Emperor. In recognition
+of this the then Kaiser presented each of the eight surviving officers
+with a medal. In 1799 they received the Royal honour of decking their
+helmets with scarlet feathers. The "Fighting 15th" are also known in
+history as "Elliot's Light Horse."
+
+
+"The Dumpies."
+
+The 20th Hussars, together with the 19th and 21st, received the name of
+"Dumpies" from the fact that the regiment when formed of volunteers
+from the disbanded Bengal European Cavalry of the East India Company
+were short and dumpy. Though nowadays there is many a giant among the
+20th, the name of "Dumpies" still survives.
+
+
+"The Mudlarks."
+
+The Royal Engineers received this name from the nature of their
+ordinary business in war. In 1722 they were called the "Soldier
+Artificers Corps"; and, in 1813, "The Royal Sappers and Miners."
+
+
+"The Gunners."
+
+The Royal Artillery have held this name from their regular formation in
+1793. Formerly, after the rebellion in Scotland, they were known as the
+"Royal Regiment of Artillery," and, though not in any way formed into a
+regiment, they date still further back, one might say even to the early
+days when guns were made of wood and leather. That was before 1543,
+when the first gun was cast in England. In 1660 the master gunner was
+called the "Chief Fire Master". The Honourable Artillery Company was
+founded in 1537 and is the oldest Volunteer Corps in Great Britain.
+
+
+"The Sandbags."
+
+The Grenadier Guards gained this peculiar name from their special
+privilege of working in plain clothes for wages at coal or gravel
+heaving, and for this same reason they were often called "Coalheavers."
+They seem to have got this name in Flanders, where they excelled at
+trench work. Another of their nicknames is "Old Eyes." In 1657 they
+were known as the "Royal Regiment of Guards," and in 1660 as the
+"King's Regiment of Guards."
+
+
+"The Coldstreamers."
+
+The Coldstream Guards received their name in 1666 when Monk marched
+them from Coldstream to assist Charles II to regain his throne. They
+have been called the "_Nulli Secundus Club_," in memory of the
+fact that Charles, before he hit on the name "Coldstream Guards,"
+wished to call them the "2nd Foot Guards," a thing to which they
+strongly objected, saying that they were "second to none."
+
+
+"The Jocks."
+
+The origin of this name for the Scots Guards is obvious. History is a
+little uncertain about their record, as their papers were burnt by
+accident in 1841; but this is certain, that they were raised as Scots
+Guards in 1639 and were called later the "Scots Fusilier Guards" and
+the "3rd Foot Guards," after which, in 1877, they resumed the name of
+"Scots Guards."
+
+
+"Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard."
+
+This strange nickname of the Royal Scots Regiment is based on an
+equally strange story. As long ago as 1637, when most other regiments
+were as yet unborn, a dispute arose between the Royal Scots and the
+Picardy Regiment on the point of priority in age. The Picardy Regiment
+claimed to have been on duty the night after the Crucifixion. But the
+Royal Scots met this with a withering volley. "Had we been on duty
+then," they said, "we should not have slept at our post." This incident
+caused some wag to dub the Royal Scots "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard,"
+and the name has stuck to them ever since. There is another tradition
+that this regiment represents the body of Scottish Archers, who for
+many centuries formed the guard of the French Kings. It fought in the
+seven years' war under Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, and was
+incorporated in the British Army in 1633. Since then, whenever war has
+been declared, every man of "Pontius Pilate's Bodyguard" has been among
+the last to stay at home.
+
+
+"The Lions."
+
+The Royal Lancaster Regiment bears upon its colour the Lions of
+England, disposed, as in Trafalgar Square, one at each quarter. This
+distinction was given them by the Prince of Orange, as they were the
+first regiment to join him in 1688 when he landed at Torbay. They have
+also been called "Barrell's Blues" from their Commander and their blue
+facings. They received the title of "King's Own" from George I., in
+1715, and our late King Edward became their Colonel-in-Chief in 1903.
+Our present King is now the Colonel-in-Chief.
+
+
+"Kirke's Lambs."
+
+The Royal West Surrey Regiment (The Queen's) derived this name from
+Kirke and from the Paschal Lamb in each of the four corners of its
+colour. The name has also an ironical derivation from the fact that
+they were employed to enforce the cruelties of "Bloody Judge Jeffreys."
+Another nickname of theirs is the "First Tangerines," because they were
+raised in 1661 as the "Tangiers Regiment of Foot," for the purpose of
+garrisoning Tangiers, at that time a British possession. John
+Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, began his career in this Regiment.
+Another nickname, "Sleepy Queen's" is derived from a slight omission of
+theirs at Almeida, when, through some oversight, they allowed General
+Brennier to escape. But they have so far lived this down that now,
+_ut lucus a non lucendo_, they are called "sleepy" because they are
+always very wide awake.
+
+
+"The Shiners."
+
+The Northumberland Fusiliers deserve that name because they are always
+so spic-and-span. They also deserve the name of "Fighting Fifth"
+because they have many a time proved their right to it. At the battle
+of Kirch Denkern (1761) they captured a whole regiment of French
+infantry, and, in the following year, at Wilhelmsthal, they took twice
+their own number prisoners. They have also the name of "Lord
+Wellington's Body Guard" because, in 1811, they were attached to
+Headquarters. Another name is "The Old and Bold." On St. George's day
+the "Fighting Fifth" wear roses in their caps, but the origin of this
+is not clear, unless it may be that one of their badges is "St. George
+and the Dragon," and another "The Rose and Crown." They also wear the
+white feathers of the French Grenadiers on the anniversary of the
+battle of La Vigie, when Comte de Grasse attempted to relieve the
+Island of St. Lucia in the West Indies. On that occasion the "Old and
+Bold" took the white plumes from the caps of their defeated opponents,
+the French Grenadiers. To-day, the white in the red and white hackle
+now worn by them refers back to that terrible death-struggle. The 5th
+is the only foot regiment which has the distinction of a red and white
+pompon. It is worth recording here that they formed part of a force
+which repulsed overwhelming numbers of the enemy on the heights of El
+Bodon (1811) during the investment of Ciudad Rodrigo. The Iron Duke
+spoke of this achievement as "a memorable example of what can be done
+by steadiness, discipline and confidence."
+
+
+"The Elegant Extracts."
+
+The word sounds like a fashionable chemical compound, but its real
+meaning is derived from the fact that the officers of the Royal
+Fusiliers--except 2nd Lieutenants and Ensigns, of which at the time
+they had none--were "extracted" from other corps. In the eighteenth
+century they were known as the "Hanoverian White Horse." Those who have
+lived to remember the Crimean War will remember also that brave song,
+"Fighting with the 7th Royal Fusiliers"--a song which became so popular
+that the regiment could have been recruited four times over had it been
+necessary.
+
+
+"The Leather Hats."
+
+The King's (Liverpool) Regiment gained their name from their head-gear.
+They were raised by James II. in 1685. In the American War an officer
+and 40 men of the "Leather Hats" captured a fort held by 400 of the
+enemy. It is interesting to know that this regiment has an allied
+regiment of the Australian Commonwealth--the 8th Australian Infantry
+Regiment.
+
+
+"The Holy Boys."
+
+The Norfolk Regiment has had this name ever since the Peninsular War.
+In that campaign the Spaniards, seeing the figure of Britannia on the
+cross-belts of the 9th, thought that it was a representation of the
+Virgin Mary. There is another story to the effect that they derive
+their name from their reputed practice of selling their Bibles to buy
+drink during the Peninsular War. But this I do not believe. Another
+name for them is the "Fighting Ninth"--a title which no one can refuse
+to believe. Their bravery at the siege of St. Sebastian might alone
+justify it.
+
+
+"The Springers."
+
+The Lincolnshire Regiment received this nickname during the American
+War because they were remarkable in their readiness to spring into
+action when called upon. It was the first infantry regiment to enter
+Boer territory during the late South African War. Their other name of
+"Lincolnshire Poachers" has no satisfactory derivation.
+
+
+"The Bloody Eleventh."
+
+There are two stories to account for this nickname of the Devonshire
+Regiment. One is that at Salamanca they were in a very sanguinary
+condition after the battle. The other is that when they were in Dublin
+in 1690 the regiment's contractor supplied bad meat, on which they
+swore that if he did so again they would hang the butcher. There was no
+improvement in the meat, so they hanged the delinquent in front of his
+own shop on one of his own meat-hooks. It is no doubt the first story
+that is the true one. Another name for the Devonshires is "One and
+All." It was a man in this regiment who wounded Napoleon at Toulon in
+1793.
+
+
+"The Old Dozen."
+
+The Suffolk Regiment won glory for itself at the siege of Gibraltar. It
+also behaved with the greatest gallantry at Minden, and that is why on
+the 1st of August (Minden Day) the "Old Dozen" parade with a rose in
+the head-dress of each man. In connection with this they are also
+called the "Minden Boys."
+
+
+"The Peacemakers."
+
+The Bedfordshire Regiment were first known as the "Peacemakers" because
+at that time there were no battles on its colours. For the same reason
+no doubt they were also called "Bloodless Lambs." Another nickname of
+theirs is "The Old Bucks"--a title justified by their hard fighting in
+the Netherlands under William III. and also under Marlborough.
+
+
+"The Bengal Tigers."
+
+The Leicestershire Regiment gets its name from the Royal Green Tiger on
+its badge. This distinction was given it for a brilliant achievement in
+the Nepal War of 1814, when they captured a Standard bearing a tiger.
+They are also called "Lily Whites," from their white facings.
+
+
+"The Green Howards."
+
+The Yorkshire Regiment was commanded by Colonel Howard, and has green
+facings. They are also called "Howard's Garbage," and must not be
+confused with the 24th Foot, also once commanded by a Colonel Howard,
+and styled "Howard's Greens."
+
+
+"The Earl of Mar's Grey Breeks."
+
+The Royal Scots Fusiliers received this name from the colour of their
+breeches at the time the regiment was raised in 1678. "The Grey Breeks"
+wear a white plume in their head-dress--an honour bestowed in
+recognition of their services during the Boer War.
+
+
+"The Lightning Conductors."
+
+There is some doubt as to how the Cheshire Regiment acquired this name.
+But it may be connected in some way with the fact that at Dettingen,
+when George II. was attacked by the French Cavalry, they formed round
+him under an oak tree and drove the enemy off. In remembrance of this
+occasion the oak leaf is worn by them at all inspections and reviews in
+obedience to the wish of George II. when he plucked a leaf from the
+tree and handed it to the Commander. They are also known as the "Two
+Twos" from their number, the 22nd. Another of their names is "The Red
+Knights," because, when recruiting at Chelmsford in 1795, red jackets,
+breeches and waistcoats were served out to them instead of the proper
+uniform. This regiment, under the name of the "Soulsburg Grenadiers,"
+was under Wolfe when he was mortally wounded at Quebec.
+
+
+"The Nanny Goats."
+
+The Royal Welsh Fusiliers are known as "Nanny Goats" or "Royal Goats"
+because they always have a goat, with shields and garlands on its
+horns, marching bravely at the head of the drum. This has been their
+custom for over a hundred years. A glance at the back of their tunics
+reveals a small piece of silk known as a "flash." It has been there
+ever since the days when its office was to keep the powdered pigtail
+from soiling the tunic. The King is Colonel-in-Chief of the "Nanny
+Goats."
+
+
+"Howard's Greens."
+
+The South Wales Borderers were at one time commanded by a Colonel
+Howard. It was a company of this regiment which achieved immortal glory
+at Rorke's Drift, which they defended against 3,000 Zulus. In Africa
+they gained no less than eight V.C.'s. On the Queen's colour of each
+battalion may be seen a silver wreath. This was bestowed by Queen
+Victoria in memory of Lieutenants Melville and Coghill, who died to
+save the colours at Isandlhwana.
+
+
+"The Botherers."
+
+The King's Own Scottish Borderers--the only regiment that was allowed
+to beat up for recruits in Edinburgh without asking the Lord Provost's
+permission--were called "Botherers," partly on this account and partly
+by corruption from "Borderers." They bear also the name of "Leven's
+Regiment," from the remarkable fact that in 1689 they were raised by
+the Earl of Leven in Edinburgh, in the space of four hours. They are
+also known as the "K.O.B.s."
+
+
+"The Cameronians."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the Scottish Rifles are the descendants of the
+Glasgow Cameronian Guard which was raised during the Revolution of 1688
+from the Cameronians, a strict set of Presbyterians founded by
+Archibald Cameron, the martyr. The 2nd Battalion is known as "Sir
+Thomas Graham's Perthshire Grey Breeks." It received this name from the
+fact that when Lord Moira ordered the regiment to be equipped and
+trained as a Light Infantry Corps, their uniforms consisted of a red
+jacket faced with buff, over a red waistcoat, with buff tights and
+Hessians for the officers, and light grey pantaloons for the men. Both
+battalions now wear dark green doublets and tartan "trews."
+
+
+"The Slashers."
+
+The Gloucestershire Regiment derives its name of "Slashers" from its
+achievements in the battle of the White Plains in 1777. There is
+another story, however, that the name arose from a report that, on one
+occasion, a magistrate having refused shelter to the women of the
+regiment during a severe winter, some of the officers disguised
+themselves as Indians and slashed off both his ears. In Torres Straits
+there is a reef which is marked on the charts as the "Slashers' Reef"
+because, after the Khyber Pass disaster of 1842, the "Slashers" were on
+the way from Australia to India when the transport conveying them
+grounded on this reef. Their other name of the "Old Braggs" is derived
+from their Commander, General Braggs, of 1734. In regard to this there
+is the tradition of an order given by a wag of a Colonel when the "Old
+Braggs" were brigaded with other regiments with Royal Titles. The order
+runs:
+
+    "Neither Kings nor Queens nor Royal Marines,
+    But 28th Old Braggs;
+    Brass before and brass behind;
+    Ne'er feared a foe of any kind,--
+                Shoulder arms!"
+
+
+"The Vein Openers."
+
+The Worcestershire Regiment were dubbed "The Vein Openers" by the
+people of Boston, (U.S.A.) in 1770, because they were the first to draw
+blood in the preliminary disturbances before the war. After the
+Peninsular War they were called "Old and Bold." Another name for them
+is "Star of the Line," from the eight-pointed star on their pouches--a
+distinction peculiarly their own. The 2nd Battalion were known as the
+"Saucy Greens" from the colour of their facings and, presumably, their
+extreme sauciness.
+
+
+"The Young Buffs."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the East Surrey Regiment derived their nickname
+from a peculiar royal mistake. At the battle of Dettingen, King George
+II., mistaking them for the "3rd Buffs," called out "Bravo Old Buffs!"
+Being reminded that they were not the "Old Buffs" but the 31st, His
+Majesty at once corrected his cry to "Bravo, Young Buffs!" and the name
+has stuck to the battalion ever since. The 2nd Battalion was raised at
+Glasgow in 1756 and takes its name of "Glasgow Greys" from that and the
+facings of the uniform.
+
+
+"The Red Feathers."
+
+The 2nd Battalion of the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry gained their
+nickname by a signal act of defiant heroism. During the American War of
+Independence they learned that the enemy had marked them down as men to
+whom no quarter was to be given. On this the Light Company, wishing to
+restrict the full force of this threat to themselves, and to prevent
+others suffering by mistake, stained their plume feathers red as a
+distinguishing mark. For this fine act they were authorised to wear a
+red feather, and this honour is perpetuated in the red cloth of the
+helmet and cap badge and the red pughri worn on foreign service. Their
+other nickname "The Lacedaemonians" has a dash of grim humour in its
+origin. During the same war, at the time of all times when the men were
+under a withering fire, their Colonel made a long speech to them--all
+about the Lacedaemonians, a brave race enough, but terribly ignorant of
+rifle fire.
+
+
+"The Havercake Lads."
+
+The West Riding Regiment (The Duke of Wellington's) is said to have
+derived its nickname from the fact that the recruiting sergeants in the
+old days carried an oat cake on the points of their swords. There is a
+joke among "The Havercakes" as old as their first recruiting sergeant.
+This enterprising man was in the habit of addressing the Yorkshire
+crowd as follows: "Come, my lads; don't lose your time listening to
+what them foot sojers says about their ridgements. List in _my_
+ridgement and you'll be all right. Their ridgements are obliged to
+march on foot, but _my_ ridgement is the gallant 33rd, the First
+Yorkshire West _Riding_ Ridgement, and when ye join headquarters ye'll
+be all mounted on horses."
+
+The 2nd Battalion is known as "The Immortals," from the fact that in
+the Indian wars under Lord Lake every man bore the marks of wounds.
+They were also called "The Seven and Sixpennies" from their number
+(76th) and from the fact that seven and sixpence represented a
+lieutenant's pay.
+
+
+"The Orange Lilies."
+
+The 1st Battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment was named "The Orange
+Lilies" from their early facings, orange, a mark of favour from William
+III., in 1701, and the white plume taken from the Roussillon French
+Grenadiers at Quebec in 1759. They were originally called "The Belfast
+Regiment" then "The Prince of Orange's Own." The orange facings were
+replaced by blue in 1832, and the white plumes disappeared in 1810; but
+the white (Roussillon) plume is still a badge of the Royal Sussex.
+
+
+"The Pump and Tortoise."
+
+The 1st Battalion South Staffordshire Regiment earned half their
+nickname from their extreme sobriety and the other half from the slow
+way they set about their work when actually stationed at Malta. The 2nd
+Battalion is known as "The Staffordshire Knots."
+
+
+"Sankey's Horse."
+
+The 2nd Battalion Dorsetshire Regiment, under Colonel Sankey in 1707,
+arrived at Almanza during the battle mounted on mules, hence the term
+"Sankey's Horse," applied to a foot regiment. They were the first
+King's regiment to land in India, in memory of which they have for
+their motto "Primus in Indis." In 1742 the regiment was popularly known
+as "The Green Linnets" from the "sad green" facings of its uniform. The
+2nd Battalion acquired the name of "The Flamers" from their large share
+in the destruction of the town and stores of New London, together with
+twelve privateers, by fire in 1781.
+
+
+"The Excellers."
+
+This name was fastened upon the 1st Battalion South Lancashire Regiment
+from its number (XL the 40th). It is also known as "The Fighting
+Fortieth." Until its amalgamation with the 82nd it had the honour of
+being next to the Royal Scots in the number of battle honours on its
+colour.
+
+
+"The 1st Invalids."
+
+The 1st Battalion Welsh Regiment is set down in old Army Lists under
+this name because it was first raised as a regiment of Invalids, in
+1719. In George II's, time it was known as "Wardour's Regiment." The
+nickname of the 2nd Battalion is a curious play on words--or rather
+figures. They are called the "Ups and Downs" because their number
+(69th) reads the same when inverted. The 69th are also called "The Old
+Agamemnons," a fancy title bestowed on them by Lord Nelson at St.
+Vincent after the name of his ship, on which a detachment was serving
+as marines.
+
+
+"The Black Watch."
+
+The Royal Highlanders won this honoured name from the sombre colour of
+their tartan some ten years before their Highland Companies were formed
+into a regiment known as "The Highland Regiment." Its first Colonel,
+Lord Crawford, being a lowlander, had no family tartan, so, it is said,
+this special tartan was devised. The bright colours in the various
+tartans are said to have been extracted, leaving only the dark green
+ground. The French, under the impression that in their own mountainous
+country they ran wild and naked, called them "Sauvages d'Ecosse." The
+red hackle in their bonnets was won at Guildermalsen in 1794.
+
+
+"The Cauliflowers."
+
+The Loyal North Lancashire Regiment have this nickname from the former
+colour of the facings of the 1st Battalion. They are also called "The
+Lancashire Lads." After Quebec the 47th were nicknamed "Wolfe's Own"
+and to this day the officers of both battalions wear a black worm in
+their lace gold as a sign of sorrow for their general's death. This is
+the only regiment that is officially styled "Loyal," the 2nd Battalion
+having been known prior to 1881 as the 81st (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers).
+
+
+"The Steelbacks."
+
+This is the name applied to the Northamptonshire Regiment because of
+the unflinching way in which they took their floggings. While under
+Wellington in the Peninsular War one, Hovenden, a private, was flogged
+for breach of discipline. At the twentieth stroke he fainted and this
+so disgusted his comrades that on his recovery they cut him dead. Much
+annoyed at this Hovenden marched up to the Colonel and called him a
+fool, and for this he was ordered to be flogged again. That night the
+regiment was attacked by the French, and Hovenden, evading the guard,
+arrived on the battlefield in time to see his Colonel captured by the
+enemy. With his musket he shot down the captors and then liberated the
+Colonel and bound up his wounds. After this he returned to make sure of
+his flogging, but was struck by a bullet and killed.
+
+The Northamptonshires have also the honoured name, "Heroes of
+Talavera," because they turned the tide of battle on that victorious
+day.
+
+  [Illustration: THE "DIE HARDS" AT ALBUERA.
+                _From a Painting by R Caton Woodville_]
+
+
+"The Blind Half Hundred."
+
+The 1st Battalion Royal West Kent Regiment suffered greatly from
+ophthalmia in Egypt in 1801, hence this nickname. They were called also
+"The Dirty Half Hundred" because the men, when in action in hot
+weather, used to wipe their faces with their black cuffs, with obvious
+results. Another of their names is "The Devil's Royals," and yet
+another "The Gallant 50th"--this last because at Vimiera, in 1807, 900
+of them routed 5,307 of the enemy.
+
+
+"The Kolis."
+
+The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry derive their name of "Kolis"
+from their initials. The name often takes the corrupted form of
+"Coalies."
+
+
+"The Die-Hards."
+
+The 1st Battalion Duke of Cambridge's Own (Middlesex Regiment) were
+styled "Die Hards" from the memorable words of Inglis at Albuera: "Die
+hard, my men; die hard!"--words which were endorsed by Stanley at
+Inkerman when he said: "Die hard! Remember Albuera!" The 2nd Battalion
+are called "The Pothooks," from their number (77).
+
+
+"The Royal American Provincials."
+
+This distinguished popular name was bestowed on the King's Royal Rifle
+Corps because they were raised in America.
+
+
+"The Bloodsuckers."
+
+The Manchester Regiment appear to have acquired this name from general
+and warlike reasons. The 1st Battalion displayed great courage and
+steadiness in the defence of Ladysmith. The 2nd Battalion was formerly
+the "Minorca Regiment" and became part of the Line in 1804 as the 97th
+(Queen's German) Regiment, becoming later the 96th Foot.
+
+
+"The Strada Reale Highlanders."
+
+The Gordon Highlanders (92nd and 75th) would propound a riddle to you:
+What is the difference between the 92nd and the 75th? The answer is
+that the 92nd are real Highlanders, and the 75th are Real(e)
+Highlanders.
+
+
+"The Cia mar tha's."
+
+The Cameron Highlanders owe this nickname to Sir Allen Cameron, who
+raised the regiment. It was his word to everybody: "Cia mar tha!" (How
+d'ye do!)
+
+
+"The Garvies."
+
+The Connaught Rangers are called "Garvies" because their recruits, when
+first the regiment was raised, were both lean and raw. Now a "garvie"
+is a small herring.
+
+
+"The Blue Caps."
+
+At the time of the relief of Cawnpore, a despatch of Nana Sahib was
+intercepted, containing a reference to those "blue-capped English
+soldiers who fought like devils." These "Blue-Caps" were the Madras
+Fusiliers, then a "John Company" regiment, but now the 1st Battalion
+Royal Dublin Fusiliers. The name was later stamped in perpetuity by
+Havelock, at the bridge of Charbagh. The question was put to him by
+Outram as to who could possibly carry the bridge under so deadly a
+fire. "My Blue Caps!" replied Havelock, and his faith in them was
+justified, for they carried it against overwhelming odds. The Bombay
+Fusiliers (another "John Company" regiment) now the 2nd Battalion Royal
+Dublin Fusiliers, have an equally distinguished record. They have been
+known as "The Old Toughs."
+
+
+
+
+BRITISH REGIMENTS AT THE FRONT
+
+
+
+
+THE 5TH DRAGOON GUARDS
+
+(CADOGAN'S HORSE).
+
+
+The 5th Dragoon Guards were raised by the Earl of Shrewsbury to support
+James against "King Monmouth" at Sedgmoor. For the same reasons that
+"Britons never, never will be slaves," they refused, on consideration,
+to support James, and sided with William, for whom they threw in their
+weight at the Boyne. They were also at a former siege of Namur, and
+bore themselves bravely at Blenheim.
+
+The story is told that, after that battle, a Sunday Church parade was
+called, in which the British army deployed to fire a volley of victory,
+and Marshal Tallard, who was a prisoner, was reluctantly present on
+that occasion. After the volley, the Duke of Marlborough turned to
+Tallard, and asked what he thought of the British army. "Well enough,"
+replied Tallard, shrugging his shoulders, "but the troops they
+defeated, why, those are the best soldiers in the world!" "If that is
+so," said the Duke, "what will the world think of the fellows who
+thrashed them?" All obvious enough, but the Duke would never have slept
+quietly in his bed if he had left it unstated.
+
+At Salamanca, with the 3rd and 4th Light Dragoons, the 5th Dragoon
+Guards carved their way through a treble thickness of French army
+columns, under a heavy fire. For this marvellous achievement
+"Salamanca" is writ large on their colours.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Vestigia nulla retrorsum."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Salamanca, Vittoria, Toulouse, Peninsula, Balaclava, Sevastopol,
+    S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, dark green facings, red and white plume.
+
+
+
+
+THE CARABINIERS
+
+("TICHBORNE'S OWN.")
+
+    "It is your sex that makes us go forth to fight....
+    It is your sex who cherish our memories."
+
+    _Nelson._
+
+
+There is not a woman in our vast Empire who has not good cause to
+regard with admiration and gratitude those noble protectors and
+terrible avengers of the honour of their sex--the Carabiniers. During
+the Indian Mutiny--but first a brief word as to their history.
+
+It dates from the time of Monmouth's rebellion, when they were raised
+by Lord Lumley to support King James. Owing to the fact, however, that
+Lord Lumley was no supporter of the king's tyrannies, the regiment
+seceded, and later, when the Prince of Orange landed, threw in their
+lot with him whole-heartedly. Their title, "The Carabiniers," was
+bestowed upon them in recognition of the great part they played in the
+battle of the Boyne, for William had in mind the famous carabiniers of
+Louis XIV.
+
+In the list of the glories of the Carabiniers is Aughrim. Macaulay says
+about this occasion: "St. Ruth laughed when he saw the Carabiniers and
+the Blues struggling through a morass under a fire which, at every
+moment, laid some gallant hat and feather on the earth." "What did they
+mean?" he asked, and then he swore it was a pity to see such fine
+fellows marching to certain destruction. Nevertheless, at the issue of
+that business, it was he, and his troops, that reaped the destruction.
+
+It was some little time later that the Carabiniers saved the situation
+for King William at Landen, by an obstinate stand against his pursuers,
+while he crossed the bridge. As Corporal Trim in "Tristram Shandy"
+says; "If it had not been for the regiments of Wyndham, (_i.e._, the
+Carabiniers) Lumley and Galway, which covered the retreat over the
+bridge at Neerspecken, the king himself could scarcely have gained it."
+
+In three continents the Carabiniers have fought their way to an exalted
+fame. At Ramillies they captured the standard of the Royal Regiment of
+Bombardiers of France. At Malplaquet they measured steel and courage
+with the formidable Household Brigade of France and came out
+victorious. And from that time onward their glorious career can be
+traced through Europe, Asia and Africa in such clear lines that the
+enemy who runs has read.
+
+But it was during the time of the Indian Mutiny that they performed
+feats of valour for which we British men, as well as the women, owe
+them heartfelt gratitude. They were among the reinforcements sent out
+to stay the terrible tide of massacre and rapine. How they struggled
+for life and empire at Delhi; repulsed the rebels outside Lucknow with
+fearful carnage, with loss of their leader; and, finally, when Lucknow
+had fallen, pursued the rebels with relentless wrath, dealing vengeance
+with a heavy hand--all this has been written by many pens. It has been
+the theme to make the driest book most vivid reading. It was the story
+of stern, ruthless punishment and revenge for the horrible crimes
+committed by the then unregenerate Sepoy against helpless women and
+children--crimes of torture, murder, wholesale massacre, and
+unconceivable outrage.
+
+One has only to remember the horrible atrocities of the Indian Mutiny
+to acquit the Carabiniers of any charge of undue ferocity; one has only
+to remember Cawnpore, and the women and the babies, in order to admire
+their offices of stern, relentless retribution. And all this happened
+at the very time when all London was celebrating the centenary of the
+sublime victory of Plassey, and the brilliant acquisition of the Indian
+Empire under the genius of Clive.
+
+When, at Meerut, on that never-to-be-forgotten Sunday, they pursued the
+fiends responsible for that awful massacre, the Carabiniers, together
+with the 60th Rifles drew a very determined line between righteous
+revenge and feeble long-sufferance; between just wrath, that
+ever-potential factor in heroic blood: primitive wrath, and its cognate
+barbarity of act. "Remember the women! Remember the babies!" ran
+through the ranks on that occasion; and, with one heart and mind, the
+Carabiniers and the 60th, an avenging host, pursued the rebels, and cut
+them to pieces, right up to the very gates of Delhi, imprecating as
+they slew. And well they might be forgiven for that. Never were the
+lives of the innocent and defenceless so quickly, terribly, yet justly
+avenged; never has a more awful nemesis from human hands fallen upon
+the destroyers of women and women's honour. And, remembering all this,
+we defend it and uphold it, for we know full well that, in this present
+war, the barbarities and atrocities committed by an unprincipled enemy
+must again meet with this righteous kind of vengeance. And, if it is
+the traditional and special aspiration of the Carabiniers of to-day to
+cry "Remember Louvain! Remember the women and babies of Belgium!" shall
+we say "Hold and spare!" No! shall we say, "Vengeance is God's: God
+will repay!" Yes, with all our heart and soul; and what better agency
+for repayment than that of our noble Carabiniers! They are not of the
+kind to repay barbarity with barbarity; but they are of the kind to use
+their swords with singular effect, and like English gentlemen, whose
+special office it is to wreak proper vengeance to-day as in the past on
+the destroyers of women and children.
+
+At Gungaree the Carabiniers lost three of their officers, but for this
+they took a heavy toll. Meeting the rebels three days later, they
+defeated them completely, taking their leaders prisoners. Again the
+terrible work began. Hotly they pursued the flying rebels, and put them
+to the sword without a show of quarter. Rebel blood flowed like water
+for the rebel deeds they had committed against right and honour.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Sevastopol, Delhi, Afghanistan 1879-80, S. Africa 1889-1902, Relief
+    of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, white facings, white plume.
+
+  [Illustration: CHARGE OF SCOTS GREYS AT WATERLOO.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+
+
+
+THE SCOTS GREYS
+
+("SECOND TO NONE")
+
+    "Greys, gallant Greys! I am 61 years old, but, if I were young
+    again, I should like to be one of you."--_Sir Colin Campbell at
+    Balaclava._
+
+
+The 2nd Dragoons (Royal Scots Greys), whose motto is "Second to None,"
+are pictured to British eyes and imaginations in that wonderful
+painting, "Scotland for Ever." The Charge of the Light Brigade, great
+and glorious as it was, is, and ever will be, is perpetually linked
+with the Charge of the Heavy Brigade, under Scarlett, when, faced with
+a vastly superior force of the enemy, it offered such heroic
+assistance, that, had it not been for this, the glory of the immortal
+six hundred might not have been sung in the same triumphant voice. It
+was a gallant feat on the part of the "Heavies"--a feat which, though
+somewhat overshadowed by the dazzling "Charge of the Six Hundred," was
+nevertheless greatly influential in turning the tide of battle.
+
+(Inseparately connected with the Scots Greys at the front to-day, is
+the Prince of Wales' Royal Lancers--the 12th. At Salamanca the "supple
+12th" joined in the final charge which routed the French cavalry. At
+Vittoria the Greys saw Joseph deprived of his crown, and were
+fortunately present at the conquest of San Sebastian. In Egypt they won
+honours under Abercromby, and to-day the emblazonment of the mystic
+sphinx on their standard bears witness to the most heroic deeds. What
+they have done, that they can do, and their gallant deeds in the
+present super-war show that while the Scots Greys are still second to
+none, the 12th Lancers are among the first in every glorious deed.)
+
+The charge of the Greys and Inniskillings has been graphically
+described by many writers. Perhaps the words "Up the hill, up the hill,
+up the hill," describe most vividly the terrific struggle. But Kinglake
+tells the story tensely:
+
+    "As lightning flashes through a cloud, the Greys and Inniskillings
+    pierced through the dark masses of the Russians. The shock was but
+    for a moment. There was a clash of steel, and a light play of sword
+    blades in the air, and then the Greys and the Red Coats disappeared
+    in the midst of the shaken and quivering columns. In another moment
+    we saw them marching in diminished numbers, and charging against
+    the second line.... The first line of Russians, which had been
+    utterly smashed by our charge, were coming back to swallow up our
+    handful of men. By sheer steel and sheer courage, Inniskilliner and
+    Scot were winning their desperate way right through the enemies'
+    squadrons."
+
+When we read to-day that the 5th British Cavalry Brigade, under General
+Chetwode, fought a brilliant action with German cavalry, in the course
+of which the 12th Lancers and Royal Scots Greys routed the enemy,
+spearing large numbers in flight, our thoughts fly back to the old
+days, when the 12th Lancers and the "Second to Nones" anticipated these
+feats of valour.
+
+It was at Ramillies that the Scots Greys galloped straight through a
+difficult morass, with an infantry battle raging round them. On they
+went, till they gained the approach to the heights beyond. Then they
+dashed up the steep acclivity to the heights, and down the other side,
+where they thundered like an avalanche on the enemy's Household
+Brigade. The impact of that sudden crash seemed to shake the
+battlefield. Says one who was there: "The crash of our meeting rose
+above the noise of battle; it was like sudden thunder." The French
+fought with the utmost desperation, but they were matched this time,
+not with nondescript and poorly trained Continental troops, but with
+picked British, and were literally swept away before the Scots Greys.
+Many battalions of infantry under their protection were cut to pieces
+by the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons, the predecessors of
+the 5th (Royal Irish) Lancers. Still the Greys pursued their
+devastating career through Autreglise, and, at a point beyond, overtook
+the French Regiment du Roi, and secured its surrender. All that night,
+like flying demons, they pursued the retreating enemy, and what they
+did is traditionally summed up in the fact that they returned with no
+less than sixteen standards--truly a noble achievement!
+
+Again, at Malplaquet, the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish Dragoons came
+up against their old enemies the French Household Brigade. In three
+victorious charges they sustained the honour of their old victories
+over them, routing them utterly. Fate seems specially to have designed
+the Scots Greys and the Royal Irish to combat the French Household
+Brigade in days gone by, for, on many occasions when they have met, the
+pride of the latter has fallen before the valour of the former. Not
+only at Malplaquet, but also at Dettingen, the Greys, having cut their
+way through the French Cuirassiers, launched themselves irresistibly
+upon the French Household Cavalry. On this occasion, they swept them
+from the banks of the river, and wrested from them their crowning
+glory--their white standard of damask, embroidered with gold and
+silver, bearing in its centre a thunderbolt above their motto "Sensere
+Gigantes." So to-day it may be said that the giants who fell three
+times before the Scots Greys are now in the company of the Brobdignags.
+
+Some other battles in which the Greys multiplied their glories are as
+follow:--Drouet, Oudenarde, Bethune, St. Venant, Aire, Bouchain,
+Sheriffmuir, and Fontenoy.
+
+Apart, and not yet apart, from their glorious traditions of battle, the
+Greys have a peculiar romance centring round one of their number, who
+fought for long years in their midst before it was ultimately
+discovered that their comrade of many fights was a woman. How, why, and
+where Christian Davies (nee Cavanagh) first entered the army is a
+matter of some doubt, but we first hear of her in the Netherlands as a
+private soldier, whither, as the story goes, she had gone to find her
+husband. Here she lived the life of the ordinary soldier, and
+maintained her disguise through everything, even flirting with the
+Dutch girls to such an extent that she was forced to fight a duel with
+a jealous sergeant, whom she wounded severely. On account of this she
+was obliged to leave the regiment, but immediately joined the Scots
+Greys. While living and fighting with these, she discovered her
+husband, but, being enamoured of the free soldier's life more than of
+him, she bade him wait till the conclusion of the war. Mean while, at
+her desire, he and she passed as brothers.
+
+It was during the charge of the Scots Greys at Ramillies that Christian
+Davies met with a serious wound at the hands of a French dragoon, and,
+being brought to hospital, she confessed, to the surprise and
+admiration of all, that she was a woman. On her recovery, she still
+accompanied the army, as a vivandiere, in which capacity she was
+extremely popular. Ultimately, when the terrors of war had made her
+twice a widow, she returned to England, where Queen Anne graciously
+received her in audience, and presented her with a bounty of L50,
+together with a pension of 1s. a day. At her funeral in Chelsea, in
+1739, she was accorded full military honours, and all the Scots Greys,
+at least, know well that three full volleys were fired above her grave.
+
+It is worth noting that the Royal Scots Greys, who, in the past, have
+fought fiercely against the Russians, have now as their Colonel-in-Chief
+H.I.M. Nicolas II., Emperor of Russia, K.G.--no longer an enemy, but a
+friend and an ally.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Thistle within the Circle and Motto of the Order of
+    the Thistle. An Eagle.
+
+    MOTTO.--"1546."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Dettingen, Waterloo, Balaclava, Sevastopol, S. Africa 1899-1902,
+    Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, blue facings, white plume.
+
+
+
+
+15TH HUSSARS (THE KING'S)
+
+("ELLIOT'S LIGHT HORSE.")
+
+    "Merebimur."--_Their Motto._
+
+
+One of the most thrilling and romantic episodes in cavalry fighting is
+the historic achievement of the 15th Hussars at Emsdorf. It was in
+July, 1760, that Major Erskine halted his troopers near the German
+village of Emsdorf, and bade them pluck the fresh twigs from the
+overhanging oaks, with a word of exhortation to the effect that they
+would acquit themselves with the firmness and stubbornness which have
+always been ascribed to that symbolic tree. Not long after this, the
+15th formed part of the Prince of Brunswick's troops, which had
+surrounded six battalions of French infantry, together with some
+artillery, and a regiment of hussars. The enemy eventually broke
+through, and fled, pursued by the 15th, who were unassisted. So hot was
+the pursuit, and so terrible the punishment inflicted by our hussars,
+that the enemy was forced to surrender no less than 177 officers, 2,482
+men, nine guns, six pairs of colours, and all the rams and baggage.
+
+All England rang with this achievement of the 15th Light Dragoons, and
+never has a squadron received so whole-hearted a eulogy as that
+contained in the General Order issued by the Prince of Brunswick. For
+many a day "Elliott's Regiment" bore "Emsdorf" on its guidons and
+appointments, while upon their helmets was written, "Five battalions of
+French defeated and taken by this regiment, with their colours, and
+nine pieces of cannon. Emsdorf, 16th July, 1760." Now, as the regiment
+has become Hussars, the helmet has given place to the busby with no
+inscription; the guidons have disappeared, but the name "Emsdorf" may
+still be seen on the drum-cloth.
+
+The 15th were prominent in all the achievements of our army during the
+next few years of that campaign. Many are the stories of dashing
+assault, grim fighting and heroic rescue, related of them during that
+time. When the Duke of Brunswick was surrounded by French Hussars at
+Friedburg, and it seemed impossible to prevent his capture, the 15th
+Hussars clapped spurs to their horses, and, with a terrific yell, swept
+down upon the French at full gallop. It was a body of determined men
+against overwhelming numbers; for, when they had driven back the
+hussars, they were still involved with the converging squadrons. But,
+with desperate valour they held their own until they had extricated
+their leader, and then they rode back, leaving double their number of
+the enemy dead on the field.
+
+The 15th Hussars were in the thick of the fight at Waterloo, and they
+bravely upheld that honour. After suffering great loss in the enemy's
+fire they made a dashing charge through storms of lead from both flanks
+against a superior force of cuirassiers, whom they drove back with
+heavy losses. The Official Record states: "From this period the
+regiment made furious charges ... at one moment it was cutting down the
+musketeers, at the next it was engaged with lancers, and, when these
+were driven back, it encountered cuirassiers." For this glorious
+exploit they paid honourably with three officers, two sergeants, and
+twenty-three privates killed; seven officers, three sergeants and forty
+privates wounded.
+
+The 15th Hussars rendered heroic service in the Afghan War of 1878-80,
+when the treacherous Shere Ali was discovered favouring Russian
+intrigue. Many were the brilliant achievements of the 15th during this
+war, from Ali Musjid up to the investment of the Sherpur Cantonments,
+the final relief by Gough's Brigade, and the complete victory at
+Kandahar.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The Crest of England within the Garter.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Merebimur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Emsdorf, Villers-en-Couche, Egmont-op-Zee,
+    Sahagun, Vittoria, Peninsula, Waterloo, Afghanistan 1878-80.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, scarlet busby-bag and plume.
+
+
+
+
+18TH HUSSARS
+
+(DROGHEDA LIGHT HORSE)
+
+
+The generic name of the 18th Hussars (Drogheda Light Horse) was
+bestowed specifically upon the corps raised in Ireland in 1759 by the
+Marquis of Drogheda, and numbered as the 19th Light Dragoons. It was
+renumbered as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1763, became a Hussar corps in
+1807, and was disbanded as the 18th Light Dragoons in 1821.
+
+The present 18th Hussars were raised at Leeds in 1858, and inherited
+the honours of the Drogheda Light Horse proper. The silver trumpets
+used by the Drogheda Light Horse, and now in the possession of the 18th
+Hussars, were provided out of the proceeds of the sale of the captured
+horses at the Battle of Waterloo. The motto of the 18th Hussars is "Pro
+Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria Conamur" (We fight for King, Law, and
+Country).
+
+There is a traditional romance in the annals of the 18th Hussars which
+has its confirmation in modern history. A beautiful Spanish lady,
+finding herself a refugee with Wellington's forces in the Peninsula,
+fell in love with a young English officer named Harry Smith, and
+married him. By statesmanship and prowess in war he rose to be Sir
+Harry Smith, who commanded the forces that defeated the Boers at
+Boomplatz. Subsequently, the town of Ladysmith was so named after his
+wife. In this way the Peninsula is linked with South Africa in the
+annals of the 18th Hussars, not only by equal deeds in each campaign,
+but by a never-to-be-forgotten romance of real life.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BATTLE HONOURS. ETC.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Pro Rege, pro Lege, pro Patria conamur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1899-1902,
+    Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Blue, blue bushy-bag, scarlet and white plume.
+
+
+
+
+THE GRENADIER GUARDS
+
+("THE OLD EYES")
+
+    "Though old in glory and honour
+      They have yet the vigour of youth."
+
+
+High in the estimation of every son and daughter of Britain stands that
+heroic band, the British Grenadiers. Their deeds have brought a fine
+thrill to every heart, and a stirring song to every voice; and, though
+there have been times when a pall of necessary silence, covering a
+"certain liveliness," has been imposed by the fog of a world-war, we
+have felt calmly assured that behind that fog our British Grenadiers
+were doing, or dying, in a way that must awaken the old thrill, and
+inspire a new song.
+
+It has always been one of the greatest aids to success in battle to sum
+up the daring deeds of the past; the successes against fearful odds;
+the forlorn hopes bravely led; the breaches filled with our British
+dead; the stubborn resistance, and sometimes complete annihilation of
+one part for the success of the whole; the lofty sacrifice of the
+foremost, so that the hindmost may turn the tide of battle; and the
+heroic dash to certain death, which has always given birth to victory.
+And this aid of tradition has been accorded by their own deeds, and by
+the nation's appreciation, to none more strongly than to the British
+Grenadiers.
+
+Yet it must be remembered that the Grenadier Guards, though they share
+the honour and glory of all Grenadiers, were never really Grenadiers
+proper. They won the name at Waterloo, where they vanquished the French
+Grenadiers. Sharing the name, they share and perpetuate the memory of
+the song, which in the first place referred to the Grenadiers who threw
+the grenades "from the glacis." But, as a good old British song may
+gain in volume as it rolls down the years, there is no reason why the
+well-known air in question should not attach to the Grenadier Guards.
+
+Well does the historian say that "their annals indeed may almost be
+said to be identical with those of the British Army, as in every
+campaign of importance--every campaign which has had a material bearing
+on the fortunes of the Commonwealth--their services have been called
+into requisition. They have shared in our greatest battles. Their
+serried ranks stood firm at Fontenoy; turned the tide of battle at
+Quatre Bras; withstood unshaken the assaults of Napoleon's brilliant
+chivalry at Waterloo, and ascended with stately movement the bristling
+heights of the Alma."
+
+Mr. J. J. Hart, who was with the Grenadiers in the Boer War, gives a
+graphic description of the battle near Senekal:
+
+    "With the advent of quick-firing guns," says he, "the ancient
+    magnificence of armies in battle array has disappeared for ever....
+    There is no shining armour; there are no waving plumes; and the
+    blare of the trumpet is unheard. Watch those grey-clad figures as
+    they silently scatter over the plain. They are the colour of the
+    withered grass of the veldt. No two will walk together lest they
+    should be a more conspicuous mark for those deadly guns. See them
+    as they walk with bent heads. You might compare them to poachers or
+    partridge-shooters travelling over a moor, only their advance is
+    more cautious....
+
+    "It was noon, and my battalion had halted on the plain. Far away
+    for miles on our right the battle was raging, and, we with our
+    grand fighting history, were left to act the inglorious part of
+    lying on the grass waiting to cut off a possible retreat of the
+    enemy. (Col.) Bunker stamped and swore and chewed his moustache....
+    Confusion to the General who crushed the flower of the British
+    infantry so; but it was orders, and soldiers must obey. The Boers,
+    however, were more generous to us than the General, and, in the
+    working out of a little plan of their own, they were destined to
+    cover us with wounds if not with glory. While we were lying musing
+    on our fate, and thinking if the news of our being left out of the
+    action should ever reach London, what we might expect at the hands
+    of our enemies the cabdrivers, a force of Boers, of whose presence
+    on a hill about half a mile in front we were blissfully ignorant,
+    were preparing to open fire on us. They began proceedings by
+    killing Bunker's horse with a percussion shell, which dropped right
+    under him, and blew the animal to bits. Our artillery soon limbered
+    up and replied to the shot, keeping up a continuous fire for about
+    an hour, when, as they were unable to silence the gun, we advanced
+    to take it by assault. We moved towards the hill in short rushes,
+    lying down every fifty yards to fire a volley. The Boer shells
+    which exploded between our extended line did little damage, and it
+    looked as if we were going to make an easy capture of the gun. If
+    there were any rifles on the hill they were certainly very careful
+    about reserving their fire. We had got within 500 yards of the base
+    of the hill, and had risen to make another rush when the rattling
+    noise of a thousand rifle bolts together came to our ears. The
+    whole of the front rank went down at the first volley; evidently
+    the marksmen on the hill had taken very careful aim; then there
+    followed a veritable hailstorm of lead, in the face of which no man
+    could advance and live. We remained lying down and firing in the
+    same position for about five hours.
+
+    "The shadows of night were falling, and still the firing was kept
+    up without intermission; when a new danger was observed to threaten
+    us. A shell had ignited the long grass in our rear and a light
+    breeze which was blowing soon turned the spark into a
+    conflagration. The Boers, observing this, extended their flanks on
+    our right and left, thus completely cutting off our retreat. Then
+    followed a scene of tumult which is hard to describe. Wounded men
+    who were unable to move ... gazed with wild staring eyes at the
+    flames, which, slowly but surely, crept towards them. Our left wing
+    made one desperate rush to charge the Boers, but had to fall before
+    the leaden hail. When the flames drew near many of our men made
+    heroic efforts to remove our wounded through the blinding smoke and
+    flame.... Others pulled their helmets over their faces and rushed
+    through the fire. In all this confusion I noticed one man who
+    showed rare presence of mind. He was badly wounded, and, being
+    unable to get out of reach of the flames, he took some matches from
+    his pocket and burnt the grass near him. He then crawled on to the
+    black ground, and thus secured for himself a comparatively safe
+    position when the fire approached him. The flames were now upon us,
+    and fighting had ceased. Two men picked me up where I lay wounded,
+    and, rushing with me through the flames, threw me down on the other
+    side, and ran.... The fire burned itself out at the foot of the
+    hill, and then all was darkness till the moon, shining out, showed
+    us the blackened bodies of the dead, and men writhing in pain on
+    the burned earth.
+
+    "Now the Boers came amongst us, and, passing from one wounded man
+    to another, gave us water from their bottles. Then we heard a
+    crackling of whips and a rumbling of wheels. The Boers left us, and
+    we knew the ambulance wagons were coming."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR COLOURS, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    THE KING'S COLOURS.--1st Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre the
+    Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired proper. 2nd Battn., Gules
+    (crimson): in the centre the Royal Cypher reversed and interlaced
+    or, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired
+    proper, in the dexter canton the Union. 3rd Battn.: as for 2nd
+    Battn., and for distinction, issuing from the Union in bend dexter,
+    a pile wavy or.
+
+    REGIMENTAL COLOURS.--The Union: in the centre a company badge
+    ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base a grenade fired proper.
+    The thirty company badges are borne in rotation, three at a time,
+    one on the regimental colour of each of the Battns.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet,
+    Dettingen, Lincelles, Corunna, Barrosa, Peninsula, Waterloo, Alma,
+    Inkerman, Sevastopol, Egypt 1882, Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1885,
+    Khartoum, S. Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Scarlet, blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS
+
+("THE NULLI SECONDUS CLUB")
+
+    "Sire! this regiment refuses to be known as second to any in the
+    British Army."--_Monk_ (_to Charles II._)
+
+
+History tells again how, in 1661, Charles, distrusting the soldiers in
+his service, called the 1st Foot Guards back to England. Following upon
+this, he speedily dismissed his Commonwealth soldiers, and, of all the
+Puritan regiments, he retained but one--the Coldstream Guards. This was
+the regiment which Monk had marched from Coldstream to the King's aid;
+hence their retention. An interesting story is related about them. It
+is said that when they were ordered to lay down their arms in
+repudiation of the Commonwealth, and commanded to resume them again, as
+the 2nd Foot Guards, they stood obstinately defiant, on the verge of
+mutiny. King Charles was dumbfounded, but Monk was equal to the
+situation. "Sire," he said, "this regiment refuses to be known as
+second to any in the British Army." On this, Charles, who was quick to
+the occasion with unworded gratitude for their timely help in a
+critical situation, cried: "Coldstream Guards, take up your arms!" and
+from that time forward they have been the Coldstream Guards.
+
+Who can ever forget the glorious achievement of the Coldstream Guards
+at St. Amand in 1793? As soon as the Brigade of Guards gained contact
+with our then Allies-the Prussians and the Austrians--General
+Knobelsdorf, of the Prussian Army, welcomed them with, "I have reserved
+for the Coldstream Guards the honour, the especial glory, of dislodging
+the French from their entrenchments. As British troops you have only to
+show yourselves, and the enemy will retire."
+
+The Coldstreamers rather wondered at his flowery flattery. They did
+not know, and he omitted to tell them, that the honour he had
+reserved for them was one which had been offered three times to
+5,000 Austrians and three times missed by them, with a loss of 1,700
+men. The Coldstreamers, therefore, prepared for the battle in complete
+ignorance of the fact that they were expected to do, with 600 rank and
+file, what 5,000 Austrians had failed to accomplish in three attempts.
+Not that it would have made much difference, for the British soldier
+can always count on doing the impossible about fifty times in a
+century.
+
+The Coldstreamers, ready and eager, moved to the attack, and the
+Prussian General moved with them as far as safety would permit; then,
+desirous apparently that they should achieve this "especial glory"
+without any interference from him, he waved them on with his sword and
+magnanimously galloped away.
+
+Hell opened then on the Coldstream Guards. The wood before them spurted
+flame. Batteries from right and left lumbered up, and, under cover of
+the undergrowth, tore lanes through them at close range. Never, up to
+that time, in the history of battles, had there been such quick and
+fearful slaughter of our troops. In a few minutes two of the companies
+were reduced by one-half. Ensign Howard went down with the colours, and
+on every hand rank and file were blown to pieces. Sergeant-Major
+Darling, one of the many heroes of that awful fight, had one arm
+shattered by a cannon ball, but he fought on with the other with such
+tenacity that his deeds were afterwards described as "prodigies of
+valour." A French officer, seeing so many men go down before him,
+pressed forward and engaged him in a fierce combat. But Darling laid
+him low and continued his terrible work until another ball carried away
+one of his legs. Thus, bereft of a leg and an arm, he was taken
+prisoner. General Knobelsdorf, the Prussian, lived through that day,
+but many, too many, of the Coldstreamers went to their last account,
+fighting gloriously. You may, under some conditions, beat a
+Coldstreamer, but you will never, never convince him that you have done
+so.
+
+At Inkerman the Coldstream Guards, a few hundred strong, actually stood
+up to 4,000 Russians for a time, during which there was the bloodiest
+struggle ever witnessed. The fight was round the Sandbag Battery, where
+700 British had held their own until reinforced by the Guards, and it
+was of such a nature that each guard must needs be a small battalion on
+his own account to do any good at all. Back to back the Coldstreamers
+fought till their ammunition was exhausted. Then they took their
+muskets and clubbed the pressing hosts in such fashion that they made
+space enough to form into line. Thus, with levelled steel, they
+charged. The enemy was thrown into utter confusion by their terrific
+onslaught, and, taking advantage of this, the Coldstreamers regained
+their own lines, having inflicted tremendous loss.
+
+And the Russian in Germany to-day knows all about it. He has not
+forgotten the Coldstreamer of former days, any more than the
+Coldstreamer has forgotten the glorious deeds of the Russian; and, no
+doubt, if they could sit by the same camp-fire, many such a battle
+story would be told, through the interpreter, of those good old days
+"when we flew at each other's throats."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR COLOURS.
+
+    THE KING'S COLOURS.--1st Battn., Gules (crimson): in the centre the
+    Star of the Order of the Garter proper, ensigned with the Imperial
+    Crown; in base the Sphinx superscribed Egypt. 2nd Battn., Gules
+    (crimson): in the centre a star of eight points argent within the
+    garter, ensigned with the Imperial Crown; in base the Sphinx
+    superscribed Egypt, in the "dexter" canton the Union. 3rd Battn.,
+    as for the 1st Battn., and for difference in the dexter canton, the
+    Union and issuing therefrom in bend dexter a pile wavy or.
+
+
+
+
+THE ROYAL SCOTS
+
+("PONTIUS PILATE'S BODY GUARD")
+
+    "A volley, my lads, and then the steel!"--_Their Captain at
+    Wepener._
+
+
+The Royal Scots (1st Foot, or Lothian Regiment) are old in story.
+Several hundreds of years before the battle of Blenheim, which is among
+the first of their honours, the Royal Scots had traced their earlier
+glories on the roll of fame. Few European battlefields could disclaim
+acquaintance with them, and there are few on which they have not been
+responsible for terrific slaughter, and a large share in the crux of
+victory. Their ancestors far back fought under Gustavus Adolphus: their
+lineal descendents fight now under King George; and the bridge between
+that time and this has been held by them heroically.
+
+It is interesting to trace their battles from the first. Long, long
+ago, fighting for Sweden, they captured and defended Rugenwald in
+Pomerania. Being wrecked on a hostile coast, with Adolphus eighty miles
+away, these Scots were led by Munro, with what might seem to us an
+absurd hope of victory. All day they waited in the caves by the sea
+shore, starving, wet, and cold--waited for the night, so that, under
+the cover of darkness, they might bring their desperate plan to
+fruition. Darkness fell; the moon rose, and these hungry Scots went
+forth to the attack. In one stroke they captured Rugenwald, and held it
+against repeated attempts on the part of the enemy to retake it. For
+nine weeks they gripped this place, and held on tooth and nail till
+Hepburn's men, fighting mile after mile to their relief, came up.
+
+Hepburn's men! They were Scots, every one of them. Men who, led by
+Hepburn himself, captured Frankfort on the Oder. He took them to the
+attack waist deep through the mud and water of the moat. At the great
+battle of Leipzig, "the battle of the Nations," Gustavus held these men
+in reserve. Then, when the issue was in danger, he flung them forward.
+The musketry fire galled them severely, but through it all the pikemen
+went cheering on, and put the enemy to an inglorious rout.
+
+Later, in 1632, Hepburn, who was somewhat a soldier of fortune, found
+himself on his way to aid the King of France. In 1634 he led his
+regiments against the Austrians and Spaniards. Here he was joined by
+Scots from France, and Scots from Sweden. Other Scots came up from the
+four quarters of the compass, as if by a gathering of the clans, and
+three years later there were 8,000 of them serving under the King of
+France. Those 8,000 are the martial sires of the present Royal Scots.
+
+As to the heroic achievements of the Royal Scots, we may instance the
+battle of Wynendale. General Webb (Thackeray's favourite General of
+"Colonel Esmond") won that battle with an army of 8,000 men against
+22,000 Frenchmen. It was his work to take supplies from Ostend to
+Marlborough's army in the field. Near the wood of Wynendale he detected
+the preponderating force of the enemy intent on intercepting his
+mission, but, in order to do this, they must traverse the wood. The
+odds were nearly three to one against Webb, but, relying on his men as
+much as on his own generalship, he decided to put up a fight of fights.
+The way of the enemy's approach was a great glade through the wood, and
+to right and left of this he placed detachments of his troops while he
+stationed the main body of his army at the point where they must
+debouch. Then he waited. That long wait for the oncoming host has been
+much described: how for a time they gazed up the long avenue through
+which the foe must come; how every man felt that tense expectancy,
+which lends to the simple sounds of nature a meaning of their own, and
+how 8,000 staunch hearts went back to the old folks at home with
+tenderness, and possible regret, before the descent of an avalanche
+which threatened to bereave their hearths.
+
+But at length the enemy teemed in at the further end of the glade. On
+they came, warily scanning the wood, but it was not till the Royal
+Scots poured a volley into them that the enemy actually realized what
+was happening. When the smoke cleared away, confusion reigned in their
+ranks; they rallied, and came on with greater determination, but again
+they were hurled into disorder and death by the British fire. Yet a
+third time they attempted it, and with all the bravery of the French,
+but a third time they met with that penetrating fire that none but the
+British, with their ugly bulldog pertinacity, can stand. They failed to
+forge their way through the storm of lead, and at last retired in
+confusion, leaving one third their number of British as victors of the
+field.
+
+The Royal Scots have more than once been helped out of a difficulty by
+other regiments. For instance, at Schellenberg in 1714, the ultimate
+victory, after three daring attempts on the part of the Royal Scots,
+who fought their way up against a heavy fire from the heights above,
+was made sure by the Scots Greys, who dismounted and rushed to their
+assistance. This engagement cost the French a valuable position, and 16
+guns.
+
+This help in the time of extreme peril was balanced by the Royal Scots
+at the battle of Lundy's Lane, where they arrived in the nick of time
+to make up 2,800 British against 5,000 Americans. After a hard fight
+the enemy was driven back, but they opened again with a devastating
+fire of musketry and artillery, following it up with a most determined
+charge. So desperate was their onslaught that the British guns were
+captured, and immediately following on this, the Royal Scots performed
+a deed which is underlined in history. They recaptured those guns, and
+left the enemy bewildered. This was the closest fight imaginable. In
+the thick of it, the opposing cannon almost spoke into each others'
+mouths. So close they were, that neither side could say, "This is my
+gun." In point of fact, in the heat of the moment a British limber
+carried off an American gun, and an American a British gun. On that
+field the contact between British and American was extremely close. In
+these days it is just as close, but not exactly in the same fierce
+spirit.
+
+One of the foremost of the exploits of the Royal Scots was the defence
+of Tangier against the Moors in 1678. In Port Henrietta some 160 of the
+Royal Scots had been isolated. In order to facilitate their escape
+their comrades in the town created a diversion by leading a general
+attack. In the midst of this the Scots got as far as the first trench
+surrounding the fort, but, at the outer one, which was 12 feet deep,
+they came into close grips with the enemy. There it was sheer
+knife-fighting, and many Royal Scots went to the bottom of the pit. One
+hundred and twenty of them filled it full, and over that bridge of
+silence forty survivors hewed their way through.
+
+The last charge at Wepener is described in the History of the Boer War
+as follows "The Royal Scots saw the Boers rushing and their warrior
+hearts beat quick with joy. Shortly, like a man in a dream, their
+Captain gave the word, 'Fix bayonets!' It was done in a trice. 'Ready!'
+The men loaded their rifles. 'A volley, my lads, and then the steel!
+Altogether--' The whistle blows, the flame flies along the parapet.
+Then, over the stone wall, sprang the Royal Scots. Once they shouted,
+once only. Then the slaying began.... Fifty thousand savage throats
+swelled the battle chorus. Ever since the siege began the black
+warriors had been gathered in their thousands on the heights, watching
+with fascinated interest the struggle of the white men. Like the
+spectators of a medieval tournament they had applauded the gallant
+deeds of the combatants, and, as they saw the British soldiers holding
+out day after day, night after night, against the assault of numerous
+odds, they came to have a profound trust and confidence in the 'big
+heart' of the Queen's soldiers. When, therefore, they saw the Royal
+Scots launch themselves like a living bolt at five times their number,
+they held their breath for a time, wondering what the end might be. But
+when they saw the bloody bayonets of the 1st Foot scatter and utterly
+destroy the hated Dutchman they opened their throats and yelled their
+applause across the river."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Royal Cypher within the Collar of the Order of the
+    Thistle with the Badge appendant. In each of the four corners the
+    Thistle within the Circle and motto of the Order, ensigned with the
+    Imperial Crown.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Blenheim,
+    Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Louisburg, St. Lucia,
+    Egmont-op-Zee, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, St. Sebastian,
+    Nive, Peninsula, Niagara, Waterloo, Nagpore, Maheidpore, Ava, Alma,
+    Inkerman, Sevastopol, Taku Forts, Pekin, S. Africa 1889-1902.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with blue facings.
+
+    [This distinguished corps is the oldest regiment in the Army, hence
+    its nickname of Pontius Pilate's Body Guard. There is a tradition
+    that it represents the body of Scottish Archers who for centuries
+    formed the guard of the French kings. It fought under Gustavus
+    Adolphus, King of Sweden, in the Seven Years' War, and was
+    incorporated in the British Army in 1633. Since that date it has
+    seen service in every part of the globe.]
+
+
+
+
+THE "FIGHTING FIFTH"
+
+("THE SHINERS")
+
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" (Northumberland Fusiliers) have a peculiar paradox
+in their history. They were first raised in 1674 by Prince William of
+Orange, the Dutchman, and, in the last Boer War, they were fighting
+against the Dutch themselves. But even stranger things than that have
+come to pass in these later days when we have good cause to call our
+old allies our enemies, and our old enemies our allies.
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" derived their regimental name, the Northumberland
+Fusiliers, from Hugh, Earl Percy, afterwards Duke of Northumberland,
+who commanded the regiment during the American War of Independence. For
+their fighting in the seventeenth century Prince William assembled them
+before the whole army, and publicly rewarded them for their services.
+It must be remembered that there were still services to come, for, when
+the Prince returned to England, fourteen years later, to deprive his
+father-in-law of his throne, the "Fighting Fifth" had not forgotten his
+kind offices. On this occasion they were regarded by the English with
+pride and admiration. "Even the peasants," says Macaulay, "whispered to
+one another as they marched by: 'There be our own lads; there be the
+brave fellows who hurled back the French on the field of Seneffe!'"
+
+The "Fighting Fifth" gained many laurels in Portugal and Spain, where,
+on more than one occasion, they drove the enemy before them in utter
+confusion. It is in this war that their fighting traditions are chiefly
+founded.
+
+At Ciudad Rodrigo it was the "Fighting Fifth" who stormed the approach.
+Afterwards they fought their way with fusil and steel through
+Salamanca, Nivelle, Vittoria, Orthes, and Toulouse, right up to Paris.
+
+One of their greatest achievements was the successful defence of
+Gibraltar, when the Spaniards made their first attempt to recover it.
+Since that time there is scarce a page of fighting history up to the
+time of the Napoleonic Wars that contains no deed of this bull-dog
+regiment.
+
+Their nickname is almost as old as their regiment. It was at the siege
+of Maestricht in 1676, when the regiment was only two years old, that a
+section of these men, only 200 strong, assaulted the Dauphin
+bastion--an affair out of which, after the most sanguinary combat, no
+more than fifty emerged. Yet maddened, rather than daunted, these
+fifty, with some few reinforcements, made a further attack on the
+bastion; and this time they took it, but only to meet with disaster.
+The place was mined, and a terrible explosion killed a large number,
+and covered others in wreckage. Many, however, emerged, and these
+proceeded to hold the position.
+
+The tale of how they entered Badajoz stirs the blood. The 2nd Battalion
+led the storming party. Their way led over a narrow bridge. Here, under
+a terrible fire, the foremost fell in heaps; but their comrades pressed
+forward over their prostrate bodies, and planted ladders against the
+beetling walls of the castle. For a time the "Fighting Fifth" suffered
+heavily. Again and again the desperate attackers reached the summit of
+the walls, only to be hurled back by the enemy. Here they swarmed up
+like bees, to be swept down again by a raking fire; there, another
+ladder broken, another overturned, with men everywhere falling and
+climbing, climbing and falling. The chance of scaling those walls
+seemed hopeless, and at length the Fifth paused, and looked at one
+another. Then, at that psychological moment, the cheering of the enemy
+above broke the spell. Their cheers were answered by a fierce shout
+from our men, who rushed to the attack with a never-give-in
+determination that finally gained the ramparts, and drove the garrison
+out of the castle, out of the town, and into the distance, not without
+great slaughter. It was at Badajoz that the Fifth lost their brave
+colonel, who struck in at that psychological moment, and led the final
+victorious onslaught. He fell, shot through the heart, at the very
+moment that victory was assured. "None that night," says Napier, "died
+with more glory; yet many died, and there was much glory." The taking
+of Badajoz was indeed a piece of work which required all the dogged
+tenacity of purpose to be found in such fearless heroes as the
+"Fighting Fifth."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--St. George and the Dragon. In each of the four corners the
+    united Red and White Rose slipped, ensigned with the Royal Crest.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Quo fata vocant."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Wilhelmsthal, Roleia, Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco,
+    Cuidad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Nivelle, Orthes,
+    Toulouse, Peninsula, Lucknow, Afghanistan 1878-80, Khartoum, S.
+    Africa 1899-1902, Modder River.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with gosling-green
+    facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE LIVERPOOL REGIMENT
+
+("THE LEATHER HATS")
+
+
+The Liverpool Regiment, like the 5th Dragoon Guards, was raised to help
+James, and, like them, it sided with the right against him. When James
+tried to place Roman Catholic officers over English regiments, with the
+help of the Liverpool Regiment, the colonel and five officers strongly
+objected. James sent his son, Fitzjames, Duke of Berwick, to
+Portsmouth, to correct them; but on this, and the issue of it, the
+country rose, saying unanimously that James was wrong, and the "six
+Portsmouth captains" were right. James had to flee from a country which
+entertained ideas so strange to his way of thinking. In memory of this
+protest against oppression, the portraits of those "six Portsmouth
+captains" are preserved to this day by the regiment. Once having
+definitely seceded, the Liverpool Regiment went further in the defence
+of liberty, and fought fiercely at the Boyne.
+
+But it was in the Netherlands that the "Leather Hats" performed their
+first great feat of valour. Lord Cutts, whom they dubbed "The
+Salamander"--because, where the fire was hottest, there was Cutts to be
+found--ordered them, against all sane strategy, to storm the fortress
+of Venloo. Everyone said it was impossible to take it, but the
+Liverpool Regiment, who were actually facing the matter, got a
+different view into their heads. They said nothing, but obeyed
+commands--and took it. "Over bastion, fausse, bray and raveline," says
+a graphic chronicler, "over trench, glacis and escarpment, Cutts led
+his dare-devils; the ditches were heaped with the dead, till the living
+walked over them, and--the enemy ran upon the farther side." It was a
+magnificent feat of arms, and a fitting preface to Blenheim, Dettingen,
+Lucknow, and their glorious deeds at the front to-day.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The White Horse within the Garter. In each of the four
+    corners the Royal Cypher.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Nec aspera terrent."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Blenheim,
+    Ramillies, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen, Martinique, Niagara,
+    Delhi, Lucknow, Peiwar Kotal, Afghanistan 1878-80, Burma 1885-87,
+    S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+THE NORFOLKS
+
+("THE HOLY BOYS")
+
+    "Our country will, I believe, sooner forgive an officer for
+    attacking his enemy, than for omitting to do it....
+
+    "A Norfolk man is as good as two others."--_Nelson._
+
+
+Of the Norfolk Regiment, then known as the 9th (East Norfolk) Regiment,
+Napier said, with a happy mixture of blame and praise: "They were
+guilty of a fierce neglect of orders in taking a path leading
+immediately to the enemy." Indeed, that is exactly what they did at the
+battle of Rolica on the 17th August, 1808. Their intrepidity and fine
+carelessness in regard to their lives were on that day the subject of
+unstinted praise on the part of the whole French army, who, in those
+times it must be remembered, were our enemies. A brief description of
+the battle will show the stern stuff that the Norfolks are made of.
+
+The enemy, under Laborde, held a very strong position, and it was
+Wellington's object to drive them from it at the earliest opportunity.
+The Norfolks, under Brigadier Nightingale, came up with Wellington's
+army from Obidos, three columns strong. The 9th occupied the position
+in the centre, which fronted the enemy in possession of a natural
+fortress of gigantic crags, looming steep and forbidding against the
+sky. The only way of ascent was by means of some zigzag tracks, which,
+at many points, were open to the enemy's fire.
+
+Under these conditions, it would have been possible for our men to
+proceed by halt and rush, with a slow but sure caution; but the
+Norfolks, flinging all caution to the winds, hurled themselves forward
+to get at the enemy as quickly as possible. They swarmed up the
+heights, giving the foe a hot example of their musketry fire as they
+swung forward. It is said that their exploit was in full view of both
+armies as the smoke of their firing marked their passage from crag to
+crag. The rapidity of their advance was so great that the other
+regiments of the central column were left far behind. Laborde, taking
+advantage of their prominent position, proceeded to throw the greater
+part of his army against them, thinking to wipe them out before they
+could receive support. This was partially successful, for the enemy's
+fierce onslaught bore the 2nd battalion back. Fiercely; the Norfolks
+contested every inch of the way, and it was a wonder of wonders that
+they lost so little ground against overwhelming odds before the 1st
+battalion came to their assistance. Then, with scarce a breathing
+space, they re-formed their ranks, and, with a hearty British cheer,
+swept forward and upward again.
+
+That heroic and dashing encounter, in which the battle was to the
+swift--for it will be remembered that they had outstripped the rest of
+the army--is one that can never be forgotten in the annals of our
+history. Slowly, point by point, they gained the advantage, and finally
+drove the enemy from the summit. But, having taken the position, they
+had to hold it again and again against the furious efforts of the enemy
+to dislodge them. The reckless dash of their ascent could only be
+equalled by the stubborn resistance with which they held on, and, time
+after time, Laborde's battalions were driven back. Finally, the
+Northumberland Fusiliers came to their assistance, and the enemy was
+forced to retire. This was a victory set upon a hill, and, in the same
+spirit in which it was witnessed that day by thousands of opposing
+forces, so it is for ever pictured in our minds. With the battle of
+Rolica in their traditions, the Norfolk Regiment, as we write, are no
+doubt adding to the list of their brilliant achievements.
+
+In this battle a memorable act of heroism glorifies a page of
+history--a page written in the Norfolk blood of Sergeant-Major
+Richards. At the time when our skirmishers advanced rapidly, and the
+echo of their quick musketry fire hung reverberating in the ravine and
+hollow as they ran from cover to cover, two companies crept up two
+separate passes among the rocks and debouched upon the summit of the
+ridge. The foremost of the 9th, on emerging two or three at a time from
+their narrow passage, were ambushed by the enemy. Blake, their brave
+Colonel, was killed, and many of his men fell around him. When the
+ambuscade rushed forth to grips, Sergeant-Major Richards, though
+riddled with lead, and bleeding from a dozen bayonet wounds, stood over
+his beloved commander and fought to the death. This brave fellow, than
+whom there was never a braver, said, as he was dying, "I should not
+have cared so much if only our Colonel had been spared." In those few
+words, at such a moment, breathed the true spirit of the Norfolks, and
+that glorious simplicity of thought and singleness of eye--fine, grand,
+unconsciously sublime--runs through every line of our great Book of
+Battles. We are not glad that our enemy of to-day has not written such
+a book, nor do we trouble to wish he had: the fact is fixed that he has
+not. Indeed, he had never the material for such a book, for it is
+obvious that the same barbarous hand that struck out an innocent
+Louvain could not insert such an anachronism as the heroic death and
+noble sentiment of a Sergeant-Major Richards of the Norfolks.
+
+But Rolica, although the most prominent of their honours, is only one
+among many that have been set to their credit. They have more than once
+been in a position of extreme peril. When Ruffin's brigade at Barrosa
+realised that the Norfolks were cut off through an error on the part of
+our Spanish Allies, they turned the whole fury of their overwhelming
+odds upon that single regiment. Then it was a case of fighting, and
+dying, back to back. All fought like heroes, and, like heroes, most of
+them died. It was only when Brigadier Dilkes came to their assistance
+that the few survivors were extricated from their hazardous position.
+Needless to say, the handful that remained joined at once with Dilkes'
+column, and assaulted the enemy's heights. A grim battle ensued, and at
+length a brilliant victory was gained.
+
+In the history of the Norfolks is written one of the saddest incidents
+in the annals of our arms. It was they who, at Corunna, at dead of
+night, buried Sir John Moore, under the shadow of disaster--a sorrowful
+ending to an adverse passage which, although it concealed a marvellous
+achievement, few of us care to linger upon in days when victory is
+before us, and all thoughts of defeat forgotten.
+
+At Fuentes d'Onoro, a description of which battle will be found in
+another chapter, the Norfolks, in company with many other regiments of
+our present expeditionary force, fought with all their customary vim;
+and at Salamanca their assault on the enemy was as if they had been let
+go from a catapult. At a time when they were fully 500 yards in front
+of our main body of troops, Wellington saw the chance of making use of
+them to capture a particular post held by the enemy. He sent his
+aide-de-camp scouring up to them with the hurried message: "Ninth! you
+are the only regiment ready; advance!" They required no further
+indication to grasp what was to be done; in fact, they would probably
+have done it in the natural course of events, without the order; they
+charged on, and at the point of the irresistible bayonet the post was
+taken.
+
+Many a forlorn hope has been led by the Norfolks. One that remains
+indelibly stamped on our memory is that at San Sebastian, headed by a
+Scots lad, named Campbell. This poor fellow was terribly wounded in the
+first onslaught, receiving a bayonet thrust, and a heavy sabre gash.
+The young hero was not to die of his wounds however. Very much on the
+contrary, he lived to become Sir Colin Campbell, Commander-in-Chief in
+India; and, for his splendid services in suppressing the Indian Mutiny
+was created Baron Clyde.
+
+Having come through many terrible fights with honour and glory, and
+without a stain, it is naturally the great regret of this famous
+regiment that they were not at present at Waterloo. But, though absent
+from our greatest field of victory, they were doing good work at the
+time in Canada. Yet it has come to their share in these days to reap
+honours in fields not far from Waterloo, and we live to learn that, in
+the deeds of to-day, and to-morrow, a Norfolk man is indeed as good as
+at least two Germans.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The figure of Britannia.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Rolica, Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca,
+    Vittoria, St. Sebastian, Nive, Peninsula, Cabool 1842, Moodkee,
+    Ferozeshah, Sobraon, Sevastopol, Kabul 1879, Afghanistan 1870-80,
+    S. Africa 1900-02, Paardeberg.
+
+    HEROES OF PERTHSHIRE--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with
+    yellow facings.
+
+    [Raised in 1685. Received the title "East Norfolk Regiment" in
+    1782, and became the Norfolk Regiment in 1881. The badge of the
+    figure of Britannia was bestowed on the regiment in recognition of
+    its gallantry at the battle of Almanza (1707). This regiment was
+    the last of the British forces to embark at Corunna (1809), and was
+    entrusted with the burial of Sir John Moore, in memory of which
+    event the officers of the regiment wear a black line in their lace.]
+
+
+
+
+THE BLACK WATCH (ROYAL HIGHLANDERS)
+
+("HEROES OF PERTHSHIRE")
+
+    "We are but few, but of the right sort."--_Nelson._
+
+    "Highlanders, remember Egypt!"--_Sir John Moore at Corunna._
+
+
+These men need a book to themselves. It is impossible here to give more
+than a short account of one or two of their most brilliant fights, but,
+as from the peck you may judge of the barrel, so one will find the
+invincible temper of the Black Watch in every line and every word.
+
+It was at Fontenoy that the Black Watch first met a foreign foe, and
+their dealings with that foe were an emphatic earnest of their future
+honours. The fortune of war was not on their side; they were forced to
+retreat, covering it in such perfect order that Lord Crawford waved his
+hat to them, with the well-remembered approval that they had achieved
+as great honour as if they had gained an actual victory.
+
+The Black Watch have acquired great reputation in America. They
+distinguished themselves notably at Bushey Run, and it was in the War
+of Independence that they contributed their severest and most difficult
+work. A chronicler of the doings of this regiment writes on this
+passage in their history: "In every field the Black Watch maintained
+their hardly earned reputation," and many are the recorded deeds of
+individual courage and readiness. Here is one instance by the same
+chronicler:
+
+    "In a skirmish with the Americans in 1776, Major Murray, of the
+    42nd, being separated from his men, was attacked by three of the
+    enemy. His dirk slipped behind his back, and, being a big stout
+    man, he could not reach it, but defended himself as well as he
+    could with his fusil, and, watching his opportunity, seized the
+    sword of one of his assailants, and put the three to flight."
+
+The battle of Alexandria was perhaps one of the most brilliant in the
+whole career of the Black Watch. At a time when the two wings of their
+regiment stood some 200 yards apart, the Invincibles of France, valiant
+fighters, forced their way between, with one six-pounder. As soon as
+the Highlanders found that they had been, in a sense, caught napping, a
+roar of wrath rose from their ranks, and swiftly their right wing swung
+down on the interloping French, broke their ranks and captured their
+gun. The left wing, facing the other way, wheeled swiftly, and fell
+like mountain cats on the French rear. The enemy, who had thought to
+split the 42nd to some purpose, were thus themselves caught in a death
+trap. The Invincibles rushed helter-skelter for cover in the ruins near
+by, and after them, terrible in pursuit, went the Black Watch. The
+plaided ranks drew together, and charged again and again with fixed
+bayonets, while the pursued fled before those gleaming points until
+they were brought to bay in a position where they were forced to turn
+and fight. It was a brave and memorable fight then on both sides. The
+courage of despair was on the enemy's side, and the cool, relentless
+courage of the Caledonians was on ours. But in the end the enemy,
+having lost 700 of their men, were forced to yield.
+
+This temporary victory, however, afforded no respite for the Black
+Watch. Hot upon the action came a strong column of French infantry
+swiftly advancing, and it was a matter of the utmost importance that
+they should be attacked at once. The Black Watch, dishevelled as they
+were, their great chests still heaving with their exertions, were flung
+forward by Sir Ralph Abercromby, who, in the urgency of the critical
+moment, himself hallooed them on.
+
+It was a quick passage. After a clashing impact, the Black Watch broke
+the French column and scattered it in flight. Seeing the Highlanders
+eagerly pursuing, and in danger of being cut off by three squadrons of
+cavalry, General Moore ordered the pursuers to retire. It appears that,
+in the crash and roar of the battle, this order was lost upon the
+foremost pursuers, who were dealing death right and left, and they were
+not aware of what threatened until the French cavalry was thundering
+down upon them. It was so sudden that the Highlanders had barely time
+to retrieve their scattered state, and rally back to back. Thus,
+raising their fierce northern battle-cry, they fought against fearful
+odds, a small body of men surrounded on every hand. But even from this
+they emerged victorious, routing the very flower of the French cavalry.
+So it was that in one day this regiment won three brilliant victories,
+each one of which had seemed at first almost a forlorn hope.
+
+It must be remembered that the Royal Highlander has always been a
+perfect swordsman, terrible with his rifle, and deadly with his pistol.
+His strength is renowned in history. There have been men among them who
+have claimed no great superiority over their fellows from the fact of
+being able to twist a horseshoe, or drive a skeandhu up to the hilt in
+a pine log. Fatigue, hunger, thirst, the extremes of heat and cold--all
+these are with those men the mere commonplace foes of a Spartan
+existence--foes which have always found and left them silent, patiently
+contemptuous, where foes of flesh and blood would at once arouse them
+to anger of the grimmest kind.
+
+Perhaps no part of the world has seen the Black Watch in as true a
+light as the Peninsula. From all quarters of it their honours are
+drawn. They were with Moore at Corunna on that memorable occasion, when
+on a sudden he cried out to them: "Highlanders, remember Egypt!"
+
+With reference to this speech, and the moment it was delivered,
+tradition has clothed it with romance. At many a Highland fireside,
+when the eerie spirit sits in the glen and whispers round the lonely
+sheilings, it has been said by aged warriors, who had lived on in peace
+perhaps into the sixties, that, at those words, the men around him, who
+loved him best, saw, with the uncanny second sight of their race, a
+misty shimmering shroud enclosing their commander's form, portentous of
+his coming death.
+
+The words "Highlanders, remember Egypt!" referred to the occasion when,
+at Alexandria, Sir Ralph Abercromby being taken prisoner, and his
+captor being shot by a Royal Highlander, the regiment, though broken,
+continued to fight individually. It is no wonder that Sir John Moore,
+who had marvelled at their prowess, should exhort them, eight years
+later, at Corunna, to remember Egypt.
+
+At Toulouse, Pack, as he galloped swiftly up with General Clinton's
+orders, drew rein in silence before the Black Watch. Then he spoke
+calmly, but with elation: "General Clinton has been pleased to grant my
+request that the 42nd shall have the honour of leading the attack. The
+42nd will advance!" There were 500 who went in, and there were about
+ninety who came out alive. One can imagine then their terrible passage
+up to the fatal redoubt, and all the more clearly may be pictured the
+determination of it from the fact that, when they reached it, the enemy
+had fled.
+
+When they were before the heights of Alma, Sir Colin Campbell turned to
+them, and cried: "Men, the army is watching us. Make me proud of my
+Highland brigade!" From the future, near and far, the whole wide world
+watches them, and a great Empire has been made proud of them. Kinglake
+tells this part of the story with a fine touch. "Smoothly, easily, and
+swiftly," he says, "the Black Watch seemed to glide up the hill. A few
+instants before, and their tartans ranged dark in the valley; now their
+plumes waved on the crest." The enemy did not stay for the coming
+onslaught, for, as many said afterwards, they "did not like those men
+in the petticoats, with their red vulture plumes and their coloured
+tartans."
+
+At Ticonderoga, in 1758, they suffered heavily, in blood, though not in
+honour. Of that encounter an officer of the 55th, who was in the
+engagement, says: "It is with a mixture of esteem, grief, and envy,
+that I considered the great loss and immortal glory won by the Scots
+Highlanders in the late bloody affair." From all historical accounts it
+seems that the enemy was very strongly entrenched, in front by ditches,
+and on the battle side by barricades of felled trees. From this cover
+they sent volley upon volley into the ranks of the advancing
+Highlanders. "Yet," says one chronicler:
+
+    "The Scots hewed their way through the obstacles with their
+    broadswords, and--no ladders having been provided--made strenuous
+    efforts to carry the breastwork, partly by mounting on each other's
+    shoulders, and partly by placing their feet in holes which they dug
+    with their swords and bayonets in the face of the works. After a
+    desperate struggle, which lasted nearly four hours, General
+    Abercromby, seeing no possible chance of success, ordered a
+    retreat--an order which had to be _thrice repeated_ before the
+    Highlanders would withdraw from the unequal contest!"
+
+What the Black Watch would have done at Balaclava and Inkerman, had
+they been there, can be conjectured, but, sufficient to say that
+Sevastopol bears witness to their many deeds of outright bravery.
+
+The officers of the Black Watch have always been, needless to say, the
+soul of honour of the body of their men. In the following letter--a
+letter which might form part of a great poem--Colonel Macleod writes to
+the Sultan Tippoo:
+
+    "You, or your interpreter have said in your letter to me that I
+    have lied, or made a _mensonge_. Permit me to inform you, Prince,
+    that this thing is not good for you to give, or for me to receive,
+    and if I were alone with you in the desert, you would not dare to
+    say these words to me. An Englishman scorns to lie; this is an
+    irreparable affront to an English warrior. If you have courage
+    enough to meet me, take 100 of your _bravest_ men on foot; meet me
+    on the sea shore; I will fight you, and 100 men of mine will fight
+    yours."
+
+This has the true epic ring of all time, even back to the state and
+condition of the heroic savage who, instinct with honour, said:
+"Friend, if I had an axe, and thou hadst an axe, then we should see
+where the truth stands." But, alas! in some parts of the world where
+savagery is no longer heroic, the days of the true epic have gone by,
+its local death warrant being writ upon a "scrap of paper" crumpled in
+an Emperor's hand.
+
+But the Black Watch, though it has fed, as it were, upon the hearts of
+lions in its immortal traditions of the far past, can live more
+intimately in the atmosphere of recent glories. Evan McGregor, Robert
+Dick, Stewart of Garth, Gordon Drummond, Hope Grant--these are immortal
+names appended to half its story only. Its later history is lit by the
+fame of the Eighth Earl of Airlie, who was killed at Diamond Hill in
+1900. When he sailed from our shores for South Africa, almost his last
+words were: "Remember, if I am killed in action, whatever memorial you
+put for me, that you say on it I had died as I wished." And, in
+confirmation of this, after Magersfontein: "I like the Boers, and am
+very proud to be fighting against them.... I am very happy." A
+sentiment which we, in later years, can parallel with the fact that
+Botha's son (aged seventeen years) has enlisted to fight for Britain--a
+step approved by his heroic father.
+
+It was the old 73rd (now the 2nd Battalion Black Watch) which, under
+General Wauchope, their former colonel, fought so heroically in the
+Boer War, losing their brave commander at Magersfontein. The 73rd was,
+from 1809 to 1881, an ordinary line regiment, the Scottish dress and
+kilt having been abandoned. As such it fought at Waterloo, which, among
+others, it gives as an "honour" to the Black Watch. In 1881 it was made
+the 2nd Battalion Black Watch, and resumed the doublet, kilt and
+feather bonnet.
+
+The spirit of the Earl of Airlie is alive to-day--as much alive as it
+was in Scotland, when the "Heroes of Perthshire" laid their lives at
+the feet of him they believed to be their rightful king. Then, as
+since, they lived and died fighting; and, out of their brave deeds from
+that to this, there has arisen the peculiar significance of those three
+words--thrilling and dear to British hearts, chilling and terrible to
+Britain's foes--THE BLACK WATCH.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Royal Cypher within the Garter. The badge and motto of
+    the Order of the Thistle. In each of the four corners the Royal
+    Cypher, ensigned with the Royal Crown.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. Mysore, Mangalore,
+    Seringapatam, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive,
+    Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1846-47, 1851-53,
+    Alma, Sevastopol, Lucknow, Ashantee, Egypt 1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir,
+    Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan, S. Africa 1899-1902, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Batts., scarlet and blue facings.
+
+    [The 1st Battn. was first formed from the independent companies
+    raised in 1729 from the Highland clans, and received the name of
+    Black Watch from the hue of its tartan. The newly-formed regiment
+    greatly distinguished itself at Fontenoy and against the French in
+    N. America. At Ticonderoga it lost 25 officers, 19 sergeants, and
+    603 rank and file in killed and wounded, and received the title of
+    Royal Highlanders in recognition of its bravery. The 2nd Battn.,
+    raised in 1780, became a separate regiment in 1786, and it was this
+    Battn. a detachment of which was in the wreck of the _Birkenhead_.
+    The Black Watch gained the red hackle during the campaign in
+    Flanders (1794-95). The 42nd was one of the four regiments
+    mentioned in dispatches after Waterloo. The 2nd Battn. was at
+    Magersfontein in 1899, where it lost 19 officers and over 300
+    killed and wounded. This regiment has a record which is only
+    equalled by one or two regiments in the British Army.]
+
+
+
+
+THE MANCHESTER REGIMENT
+
+("THE BLOODSUCKERS")
+
+    "Shew me a well authenticated instance of the troops of any other
+    nation gaining and holding an 'impossible' position against fearful
+    odds, and I will shew you a wavering in, or, at least, a
+    qualification of, our national faith that our allied British
+    infantry is the best in the world."--_French Daily Newspaper,
+    August, 1914._
+
+
+It was at Elandslaagte that the 1st Battalion of this gallant regiment,
+together with the Gordon Highlanders and the Light Horse, distinguished
+themselves in a terrible passage of arms. The following graphic account
+is taken down from the words of a soldier who went through that
+terrible affair:
+
+    "It was nearly five o'clock on that day," he said, "when it seemed
+    to be growing curiously dark. And we soon saw the reason. As our
+    men moved forward the heavens opened, and from the eastern sky
+    swept a sheet of rain. With the first stabbing drops the horses
+    turned their heads, and no whip or spur could bring them up to it.
+    It drove through our mackintoshes as if they were blotting-paper;
+    the air was filled with a hissing sound, and underfoot you could
+    see the solid earth pounded into mud, and the mud flowing away in
+    streams of slush. The rain blotted out hill and dale and enemy in
+    one great curtain of swooping water. You would have said that the
+    heavens had opened to drown the wrath of man.
+
+    "Through it the guns still thundered, and the khaki column pushed
+    doggedly on. The infantry got among the boulders and began to open
+    out. The supports and reserves followed. Then, in a twinkling, on
+    the stone-pitted hill-face, burst loose another storm--a storm of
+    lead and death. In the first line, down behind the rocks, the men
+    were firing fast, and the bullets came pelting round them. The men
+    stooped, and staggered, and dropped limply, as if a string that
+    held them upright had been cut. The line pushed on, and the colonel
+    fell, shot in the arm.
+
+    "The regiment pursued their way until they came to a rocky ledge
+    twenty feet high. Here they clung to cover, firing, then rose, and
+    were among the shrill bullets again. A major was left at the bottom
+    of the ridge with a pipe in his mouth, and a Mauser bullet through
+    his leg. His company rushed on. Onwards and upwards--down, fire
+    again--up again, and on. Another ridge won and passed, and only one
+    more hellish hail of bullets beyond. More men down. More men
+    hurried forward into the firing line--more death-piping bullets
+    than ever. The air was a sieve of them; they came with unceasing
+    ping, and beat on the boulders like a million hammers; they
+    ploughed the rocks and tore the turf like harrows. Another ridge
+    crowned, another whistling gust of perdition. More men down; more
+    men pushing into the firing line. Half the officers killed or
+    wounded--the men panted and stumbled on--another ridge taken! God!
+    would this cursed hill never end? It was sown with bleeding and
+    dead behind us; it was edged with stinging fire before. 'Fix
+    bayonets!' Staff officers rushed up, urging the men on. There was
+    now no line, only a surging wave. Devonshires, Gordon Highlanders,
+    Manchester, and Light Horse all mixed--subalterns commanding
+    regiments, soldiers yelling advice, officers firing carbines--all
+    stumbling, leaping, killing, falling--all drunk with battle. At
+    length we gained the ridge, and saw the Boer camp below. The Boers
+    were galloping out of it helter skelter, with Lancers and Dragoon
+    Guards spearing and stamping them into the ground. Suddenly we
+    heard the bugle call 'Cease fire!' and, wondering slightly at such
+    an order at such a time, we began to retire. But we were soon met
+    by a boy bugler rushing forward, who, in reply to our remarks about
+    the order, yelled, 'Cease fire be damned!' And then we discovered
+    that the Boers, who had learnt our bugle calls, had blown the
+    blast. On this, we turned about, charged again, and so made good
+    the battle of Elandslaagte."
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGE AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGE.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Egmont-op-Zee, Martinique, Guadaloupe, Peninsula,
+    Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, New Zealand, Afghanistan 1879-80, Egypt
+    1882, S. Africa 1899-1902, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battn., scarlet with white facings.
+
+    [1st Battn. raised in 1685, 2nd Battn. in 1801. The 1st Battn. was
+    formerly a Battn. of the 8th Foot, and became the 63rd Regiment in
+    1758. It served as Mounted Infantry during the war of American
+    Independence, and won great distinction. The 2nd Battn. was
+    formerly the Minorca Regiment, and became part of the line in 1804
+    as the 97th (Queen's German) Regiment. In 1816 it became the 96th
+    (Queen's Own), and was disbanded in 1818. Raised again in 1824. The
+    1st Battn. displayed great courage and steadiness during the Siege
+    of Ladysmith (1899).]
+
+
+
+
+THE GORDON HIGHLANDERS
+
+("SCOTLAND FOR EVER")
+
+    "You have saved the day, Highlanders, but you must return to your
+    position. There is more work to be done."--_Sir Denis Pack at
+    Waterloo._
+
+
+Sir Denis Pack's words at Waterloo are as true to-day as they were
+then. The Gordons have always saved the day, and now they must return
+to their position. There is more work to be done and the Gordons are
+there to do it, as before.
+
+The following is an extract from a letter to Sir Walter Scott from
+Viscount Vanderfosse, first Advocate of the Superior Court of Justice
+of Brussels, dated January 5th, 1816:
+
+    "Since the arrival of the British troops on the Continent, their
+    discipline was remarked by all those who had any communication with
+    them. Among these respectable warriors the Scotch deserve to be
+    particularly commemorated, and this honourable mention is due to
+    their discipline, their patience, their humanity, and their bravery
+    almost without example. Constant and unheard of proofs were given
+    of devotion to their country quite extraordinary and sublime; nor
+    must we forget that these men, so terrible in the field of battle,
+    were mild and tranquil out of it."
+
+Such a testimonial from so high an authority is a treasured document in
+the hands of the Gordons, and many are the accounts received to-day
+from the front, which go to show that their cheery optimism has not
+been dimmed by the passage of a century.
+
+Perhaps there is no regiment that blends so nicely the simple humour
+characteristic of the Scot with the grim determination in which no
+section of our army is wanting. There are many points which soften to
+our hearts the fierce homicidal glory of the Gordon Highlanders. But
+first in importance is their grim and terrible side.
+
+On the eventful night of the Duchess of Richmond's ball on the eve of
+Waterloo, Colonel Cameron, and some of the N.C. officers of the Gordon
+Highlanders, had been invited to give the guests of different nations
+there assembled a display of the Highland dances. Poets have sung the
+sudden call to arms at the "Cannon's opening roar," but it was not
+until daybreak that the Gordons marched off through the Namur Gate
+towards the scene of action.
+
+On this occasion their panoply of war set everyone a-thrill. With their
+dark plumes waving in the breeze, and the bright sun shining on their
+polished accoutrements, they marched to the screel of the bagpipes.
+Never had the spectators beheld a prouder, braver, more athletic body
+of men; there was not a downcast look among them; only the fearless
+eye, the undaunted mien, the cheerful bearing-things which tell of
+strength.
+
+In this mood they marched as far as the forest of Soignies, near
+Waterloo. Thence, as the day advanced, they proceeded towards Quatre
+Bras. The heat was intense, the dust suffocating, but, after a
+wearisome march, they reached Genappe, where the people were waiting
+for the thirsty regiment with large tubs of water, and of milk, from
+which the Highlanders dipped and drank as they passed through the town.
+Hard on this refreshment, as they came into the plain beyond, was a
+further refreshment to the warlike spirit of the Highlanders; it was
+the sound of cannon that fell upon their ears "nearer, clearer than
+before." There was a general quickening of pace as the excitement of
+promised action ran quickly through the ranks, but Colonel Cameron
+checked their eagerness, and held them back, though with difficulty.
+
+It so chanced, by good luck, or good management, that the Gordons
+arrived at Quatre Bras just at the very moment they were needed.
+Wellington had come in with full information from Bluecher as to the
+position of the Prussian army, and a fuller scorn of their tactics in
+selecting that position--a scorn which was justified by the event. "If
+they fight here," he said, in his terse and forcible way, "they will be
+damnably mauled." The Duke was a true prophet. They were, in two words,
+"mauled."
+
+The enemy's action began with a fierce cannonade, under cover of which
+a brigade of infantry and lancers were hurled forward, Our Belgian-Dutch
+allies fell back, and their retreat was converted into a rout by the
+enemy, who speedily became masters of the situation. Things were
+critical, but, at that moment, in came the Gordon Highlanders by the
+Namur road. Their march broke into a double, and their ranks opened and
+overflowed each side of the road, deploying for immediate action. At
+once came an answer from a battery of the enemy perched on one of the
+surrounding heights. By this time the Duke was amongst the Highlanders,
+giving orders to seek cover in the ditches and behind the banks of the
+road; he and his staff following their example. They had not long to
+wait, under a terrible fire, before the French cuirassiers came
+sweeping through the fields towards them. On they came, with furious
+cries, a formidable body; but the Highlanders under command of the
+Duke, waited in grim silence, reserving their fire. "Highlanders!" the
+Duke cried, "don't fight until I tell you," and so the Gordons lay,
+ready for the signal. It came when the charging cuirassiers were within
+thirty yards of them. Then a fierce volley rang out, and havoc lighted
+on the horsemen. Horses and steel-clad riders went down pell mell, and,
+in the confusion, the survivors turned and fled before the coming
+steel. Many, whose horses were shot beneath them, attempted to cope
+with the Scots, but all their valour was as nothing before the bayonets
+of the Gordons.
+
+At another stage of the battle, when the Duke of Brunswick's hussars
+were in flight before the red (Polish) lancers and French light
+infantry, Wellington, involved in the charge, and carried away in their
+mad career, was in great danger; but, seeing a way out, he headed his
+horse for a position that had been taken up by the Gordons. As he
+neared them, at full gallop, he ordered them to lie still; then he
+leapt the intervening fence clearing, at one jump, fence, trench, and
+men. With the Gordons now between him and the foe, he wheeled his horse
+to a standstill, and ordered the Highlanders to get ready. The
+Brunswickers had passed, severely handled by the French bayonets, and
+the grenadiers, on the right, retired to the road, leaving the Gordons
+an opportunity to fire obliquely upon the oncoming cavalry. These
+shared the same fate as the cuirassiers, being met at short distance
+with a volley which threw them into confusion. Those in front were cut
+off, by dead and wounded, from those in the rear, who retreated in
+disorder, while the front passed on in their headlong career, which was
+really a retreat, through the village. Meanwhile, the Gordons turned
+their attention to the rest, and put them to rout.
+
+Now Napoleon had impressed upon Ney to act in a manner that must prove
+decisive. The British had to be swept entirely off the field--the fate
+of France depended upon this. Ney's position was a difficult one,
+especially as he saw that reinforcements were coming up against him.
+Accordingly, he attacked again vigorously, and sent two columns of
+cavalry down upon the posts held by the Gordons. But these met with a
+similar fate to those who had tried that way before. But Ney still
+persisted and the Gordons were suffering heavily. How the day would
+have gone, and what would have happened to our Highlanders had not the
+Guards come up on their left soon afterwards, military experts alone
+can conjecture; but even with their assistance--and very welcome it
+was--the Gordons were yet to experience a severer trial.
+
+It came in this way. Two columns of French infantry advanced rapidly,
+by means of the Charleroi road, and the outskirts of the wood of Bossu,
+and occupied a roadside house, with a thick hedge running some distance
+into a field, a part of their number gaining the cover of a
+thickly-hedged garden on the other side of the road. The main body of
+these troops, some 14,000 strong, took up a position in the rear of
+this garden.
+
+Colonel Cameron with difficulty curbed his eagerness to let his men go,
+but the Duke, who foresaw a prolonged struggle, refused to allow it. He
+was, as usual, waiting for the right moment. When that moment came, and
+the order was given, Cameron leapt the ditch, at the head of his men,
+with old General Barnes at his side, crying, "Come on, my old 92nd!"
+Then, to the shrill piping of the pibrochs, the intrepid Gordons leapt
+from the ditch and fell upon the enemy with an impetus that was
+irresistible. The bayonet did its terrible work, and the opposing
+column fell back in confusion.
+
+Meanwhile other sections advanced upon the hedged garden, the house,
+and the field hedge, suffering heavily from these points. It was in
+this advance that the staff of the colour was split into six pieces by
+three bullets, and the staff of the king's colour by one. It was here,
+too, that Cameron himself was wounded. Being shot in the groin, he lost
+control of his horse, which galloped away with him, and finally stopped
+suddenly before his own groom, who was holding a second horse. There
+Cameron, in a fainting condition, was thrown out of the saddle
+violently on to the road.
+
+Colonel Cameron died of his wound late that night, but not before he
+had learnt that the British arms had conquered--a fact which forms the
+theme of Sir Walter Scott's immortal verse:
+
+    And Sunart rough, and wild Ardgour,
+      And Morven long shall tell,
+    And proud Ben Nevis hear with awe,
+    How, upon bloody Quatre-Bras,
+    Brave Cameron heard the wild hurrah
+      Of conquest as he fell.
+
+Meanwhile, the Gordons had fully avenged their leader's death. With
+repeated rushes upon the roadside house, they did deadly work with the
+bayonet, and, amid the hail of bullets from superior forces of the
+enemy, they still continued their fierce onslaughts under conditions
+that would have demoralized soldiers less cool and experienced.
+
+In the midst of the appalling fire, they separated and formed up in
+three parts, one part moving to the right of the house and garden,
+another part to the left, while a third prepared to assault the garden
+itself. At a given moment, when the whole battalion was ready, the
+order to charge was given. Then, with a resounding cheer, they rushed
+forward, "the bagpipes screaming out the notes of the 'Cameron's
+Gathering,' as they levelled their bayonets, and charged with the
+elastic step learnt on the hillside."
+
+The enemy stood firm for a little while against the oncoming array of
+determined men; then they broke and fled, showing their backs as
+targets for the Highlanders, who scattered the passage of their retreat
+thickly with their dead bodies. In this action many prisoners were
+taken.
+
+The British troops, though in the minority in guns, as well as men,
+stood like a rock against the searching assaults of the enemy. Ebb and
+flow was the order of battle, until at last the flow of our indomitable
+troops gained ground, and the enemy finally ebbed away.
+
+Our last victory in that furious battle was gained foot by foot, and
+when, in the end, the day was won, and the stars looked down upon
+10,000 slain, the piper of the Gordon Highlanders took his stand in
+front of the village of Quatre Bras to call the Highlanders in. "Loud
+and long blew Cameron," says one who heard that call of the highland
+mountain and the glen, "but his efforts could not gather above half of
+those whom his music had cheered on their march to the battlefield."
+
+Our Gordons had been through the thick of the fight; at the close of
+the day they were terribly hungry, and with the cool sang-froid which
+is the necessary complement to the bravery of such men, they took their
+supper cooked and served in the cuirasses which had shone in the
+enemy's forefront of battle some hours before.
+
+Various writers tell of the extreme kindness received by the Gordons
+after the battle from the inhabitants of Brussels and Antwerp. The
+"good and brave Scots" came in on drays and wagons, apparently none the
+worse for the fierce encounter, saving merely the loss of a leg, or an
+arm or two. "We're a' wantin' a leg or a' airm," cried one from the
+midst of a wagon-load of wounded, as if it were a kind of fraternal
+greeting. The good folk, seeing their plight, and not understanding the
+language, brought them wine in abundance, but the Highlanders did not
+understand the colour of it, and called for "guid sma' ale" as the next
+best thing to their own "white wine of the north."
+
+Tales of suffering in those days cannot vie in magnitude with the tales
+of to-day, but it is interesting to note that the endurance and
+patience of the Highlanders, as they lay on the wagons, or came in on
+foot, fainting with weariness and loss of blood, called forth the
+remark, as they passed through the street, "the men of your country
+must be made of iron."
+
+It remains to touch on the Highlanders' own account of this battle. It
+was simple and unpretentious in the extreme. One who had been severely
+wounded, and was lying on the paving stones, waiting to be attended to,
+was accosted by an English resident. "How you and your comrades
+fought!" he said. "Your bravery will be the talk of the world. There is
+no doubt, as the people here say, you and your countrymen are made of
+iron." "Hoots, man," replied the Highlander, "need ye mak' sic a din
+aboot the like o' that? What did we gang oot for but to fecht?"
+
+It goes without saying that false reports of any considerable
+engagement were spread through the countryside, even in those days. A
+chronicler states that Mercer, when making his way to the scene of
+action, happened on a Gordon Highlander, toiling painfully along the
+road, badly wounded in the knee. "Halt!" cried Mercer. "Have you any
+information? The Belgians tell me that our army has been forced to
+retreat." "Na, na," replied the Scot; "it's a damned lee! When I cam'
+awa' they were fechtin', an' they're aye fechtin' yet." With that, he
+sat down on the roadside and calmly lit his pipe, while a prentice
+surgeon probed for the bullet in his knee.
+
+Another incident preserved in the records of the Gordons is related by
+a Scotch lady who resided at that time in Antwerp. She had heard
+reports of a retreat from Quatre Bras, and other mis-statements
+concerning Mont St. Jean had also reached her ears, all to the effect
+that the British had suffered severe defeat; that Wellington was
+dangerously wounded, and that all of any account in our army were
+either killed or taken prisoners. Moreover, thousands of French troops
+had entered Brussels, and that on the heels of death and destruction
+came panic and dismay. Needless to say, this was not true, except in
+one point only--that 2,000 French _had_ entered Brussels; but it
+was in the role of prisoners, not victors! On the following day the
+Scotch lady went out in search of news, and was met by a long
+procession of vehicles laden with the wounded. Not a word of victory
+could she get on any hand, until she observed, in the very last wagon,
+a group of Gordon Highlanders, badly wounded, and heavily bandaged.
+They evidently knew something, for they were throwing their bonnets in
+the air, and shouting: "Bony's beat! Hurrah for Bonnie Scotland! Hurrah
+for Merrie England! Bony's beat!" Recognizing the Highland spirit, the
+lady sought to learn the cause of their excitement, and they told her,
+between their wild cries of joy, that a rider had just sped by,
+bringing the glad news of victory.
+
+It was not easy for the people of Brussels to gather the real import of
+this news either from the lady or the Highlanders, but it began to
+spread about, in what to them was an unknown tongue, though forcible in
+vociferation, that "Bony was beat and runnin' awa' to his ain country
+just as fast as he could gang." Yet there was no explaining it to them,
+and it was in vain that a brawny, bearded Highlander took a Belgian
+woman to task with the words, "Canna ye hear, ye auld witch? Are ye
+deaf? Bony's beat, I tell ye! I tell ye, Bony's beat, wumman!" It was
+no good! But the full significance of the fact was soon made known in
+the city, and then there was wild rejoicing on every hand.
+
+In those times the Belgian people conceived and fostered a great love
+for the Gordon Highlanders, and no doubt the tradition has been handed
+down to this day that they are the best of soldiers, sweet and gentle
+in peace, and terrible in war.
+
+The part played by the Gordons in the repulse of the Boer attack on
+Ladysmith, January 6th, 1900, is never to be forgotten. It was here
+that Lieutenant Colonel Dick-Cunyngham, V.C., fell at the head of his
+men. It was during the Afghan campaign that this hero of the Gordons
+received his V.C., when they were fighting outside Kabul in 1879.
+Staggered for a moment by a terrific onslaught on the part of the
+Afghans, the Gordons, their leading officer and colour-sergeant being
+killed, seemed to hesitate, when Dick-Cunyngham sprang forward, and, by
+his remarkable coolness and gallantry, saved the situation.
+
+In later days, the Gordon Highlanders have maintained and even added to
+the reputation thus bravely won. One signal instance is found in their
+attacks on the Dargai heights. On October 18th, 1897, the Gordons
+formed part of the flanking movement under Brigadier-General Kempster.
+The heights were won, but were shortly re-occupied by the enemy. On the
+following day, a second battle was joined about this position. Under
+Sir William Lockhart the Gordons displayed their usual fighting power.
+In the "Broad Arrow" of February, 18th, 1898, Sir William Lockhart
+himself described the part they played:
+
+    "The Gordon Highlanders went straight up the hill without check or
+    hesitation. Headed by their pipers, and led by Colonel Mathias,
+    with Major Macbean on his right, and Lieutenant A. F. Gordon on his
+    left, this splendid battalion marched across the open. It dashed
+    through a murderous fire, and in forty minutes had won the heights,
+    leaving three officers and thirty men killed or wounded on its way.
+    The first rush of the Highlanders was deserving of the highest
+    praise, for they had just undergone a very severe climb, and had
+    reached a point beyond which other troops had been unable to
+    advance for over three hours. The first rush was followed at short
+    intervals by a second and a third, each led by officers; and, as
+    the leading companies went up the path for the final assault, the
+    remainder of the troops streamed on in support, but few of the
+    enemy waited for the bayonet, many of them being shot down as they
+    fled in confusion."
+
+Supremely heroic on a point of romantic sentiment is our Gordon
+Highlander. When Cameron fell at Quatre Bras, he was not only mortally
+wounded, but pinned down by his horse. In this helpless condition he
+was recognised by one of the enemy, who swiftly rushed forward to
+bayonet him. But swifter still came the cold steel of Ewen Macmillan
+(the Colonel's foster brother) and pierced the would-be murderer to the
+heart. Ewen extricated his leader and bore him off; then, his master
+safe, he turned back with the set purpose of securing the saddle on
+which he had sat through many a victorious battle. In the thick of the
+fight the imperturbable Scot, amid a hail of bullets, secured that
+saddle and returned safely with it to his company, exhibiting it with a
+fine mingling of triumph and regret. "We must leave them the carcase,"
+he said, "but they shan't get the saddle where Fassiefern sat." That
+was what he had risked his life a thousand times a minute for--the
+saddle where Fassiefern had sat!
+
+And not only in stirring deeds of deathless glory have the Gordon
+Highlanders shone in the starry sky of Britain's fame. In the course of
+their long career they have been called upon to suffer and endure tests
+of hardship and privation, which prove the true mettle of the British
+soldier. They have played many parts in the theatre of war where the
+limelight did not fall. It was even their fate to take part in the
+terrible retreat to Bremen. Mr. W. Richards gives a grim description of
+some of these hardships:
+
+    "The high, keen wind carried the drifted snow and sand with such
+    violence that the human frame could scarcely resist its power; the
+    cold was intense; the water, which collected in the hollow eyes of
+    the men, congealed as it fell, and hung in icicles from their
+    eyelashes; the breath froze, and hung in icy incrustations about
+    their haggard faces, and on the blankets and coats which they
+    wrapped about them."
+
+But, with the Gordons, the hardy spirit in which they weathered all
+this was only a modification of that which carried them into their most
+glorious triumphs on the field of battle. Speaking of hardships and
+remembering the strong spirit of camaraderie which has always existed
+between our soldiers of all regiments, we cannot help reminding the
+Gordons that their 2nd Battalion owes the Coldstreamers one ration. It
+happened in this way. When the Gordons arrived at Fuentes d'Onoro both
+officers and men were literally starving, owing to a faulty
+commissariat; and no sooner did the Guards get wind of this than they
+volunteered a ration of biscuits, from their haversacks. Now, as the
+Coldstreamers will not be able to get those biscuits from the enemy,
+who appears to have "embarked without them," they may require them
+again from the Gordons and they should insist on having them well
+buttered.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Sphinx, superscribed Egypt. The Royal Tiger,
+    superscribed India.
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Mysore, Seringapatam, Egmont-op-Zee, Mandora,
+    Corunna, Fuentes d'Onoro, Almaraz, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nive,
+    Orthes, Peninsula, Waterloo, S. Africa 1835, Delhi, Lucknow,
+    Charasiah, Kabul 1879, Kandahar 1880, Afghanistan 1878-80, Egypt
+    1882-84, Tel-el-Kebir, Nile 1884-85, Chitral, Tirah, S. Africa
+    1889-1902, Paardeberg, Defence of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with yellow facings.
+
+    [To the first regiment (the 89th), raised in 1759, there belong the
+    romances of two notable men. One was the Duke's brother, Lord
+    William, who afterwards ran away with Lady Sarah Bunbury, and the
+    other was Lord George, the future rioter. A further romance belongs
+    to the Gordons proper. When, in 1794, the 4th D. of G. was
+    commissioned to raise a regiment for the King, with the Duke's son,
+    Lord Huntly, as its colonel, his wife Jane, "the Bonnie Duchess,"
+    acted as her son's recruiting sergeant. Day after day she rode in
+    among them at their gatherings, and with the King's shilling
+    between her teeth, kissed them into the army. "Now, lads; whose for
+    a soldier's life--and a kiss o' the Duchess Jean?" Her ambition for
+    her son in the way of masculine counterpoise to the brilliant
+    alliances of her daughters does not matter so much as that the
+    Gordons sprang into being at the touch of her lips--which is a
+    legend greatly treasured among Highlanders.]
+
+  [Illustration: THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS AT BADAJOZ.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+
+
+
+THE CONNAUGHT RANGERS
+
+("THE GARVIES")
+
+    "Rangers of Connaught, the eyes of all Ireland are on you this day.
+    On then, and at them, and if you do not give them the soundest
+    thrashing they have ever got in their lives, you needn't look me in
+    the face again in this world or the next."--_Colonel-in-Command
+    at the Front._
+
+
+Towards the close of the Transvaal War the 2nd Battalion of the
+Connaught Rangers performed a heroic feat, which tended to mitigate the
+peace-with-little-honour feeling which marked the peace negotiations of
+1879.
+
+Lydenberg was garrisoned by some seventy men, fifty-three of whom were
+Connaught Rangers, the whole being under the command of Lieut. Long, a
+mere stripling lad of twenty-two. Soon after Brunker's Spruit the Boers
+called upon Lydenberg to surrender, thinking that the lad of twenty-two
+would do as he was told like an obedient boy. But they soon found that
+they were mistaken. Long wisely temporised, and made use of a few days
+thus gained to strengthen his defences. Soon came the Boers' second
+demand of surrender, and this time it was scornfully flung back. So, on
+the 6th January, the Boers' bombarded the place, but the little
+garrison held out, and, for twelve weeks, the forces of siege,
+sickness, hunger and thirst failed to break the spirit of the gallant
+band. Then, when peace was declared, the 94th had no cause to feel
+ashamed, for in their hands Lydenberg had never surrendered. The
+British flag still fluttered above it. Worn and exhausted by terrible
+hardships and privations, but _still unconquered_, the survivors
+came forth in peace.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--The Harp and Crown. The Elephant. The Sphinx, superscribed
+    Egypt.
+
+    MOTTO.--"Quis Separabit."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Seringapatam, Talavera, Busaco, Fuentes d'Onoro,
+    Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Nivelle, Orthes,
+    Toulouse, Peninsula, Alma, Inkerman, Sevastopol, Central India, S.
+    Africa 1877-79, 1899-1902, Relief of Ladysmith.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with green facings.
+
+    [Raised in 1793 in Connaught. Both Battns. gained undying fame in
+    the Peninsula War, the regiment having the honour of forming the
+    forlorn hope at the storming of both Badajoz and Ciudad Rodrigo.
+    The regiment also fought with distinction in the Crimea and the
+    Indian Mutiny. During the Boer War of 1899 the 1st Battn. formed
+    part of the famous Irish Brigade in Natal, and in 1901 it became a
+    battn. of mounted infantry.]
+
+
+
+
+THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS
+
+("THE THIN RED LINE")
+
+    "Wherever they have lived and fought they have carried with them
+    the fearless picturesqueness of their indomitable mountains."
+
+
+At Sevastopol, as at few other battles in the history of wars, was
+displayed the most magnificent valour of the Highlander. The approaches
+to Balaclava were protected by six batteries manned by Turks, who, it
+will be remembered, were in those days our allies. On October 25th,
+1854, the Russians made a determined attack on these redoubts, speedily
+captured three of the batteries, and at once turned them on the 93rd
+Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, compelling them to seek cover
+behind a slight ridge. No sooner had they done so than a horde of
+Russian cavalry swept down upon them, whereat Sir Colin ordered his men
+to breast the ridge and hold it against them at all costs. "Men," he
+said, "there is no retreat from here; you must die where you stand."
+"Ay, ay, Sir Colin," was the cool response, "and we'll do that if needs
+be."
+
+The men were only two or three deep, but that "thin red line,"
+bristling with steel, was none the less formidable for that. Every
+heart was staunch and every hand was steady. Nearer and nearer came the
+rolling thunder of the Russian cavalry, quickening as it came. They
+were now at 600 yards. "Fire!" the order was given, and the lead went
+forth, but the Russians, though galled, still came on. At 200 yards a
+second volley rang out, and this time the enemy wavered and could only
+be rallied by the remarkable determination of their officers. Their
+swerve was headed into a flank attack, but the Highlanders stood firm
+as their native rocks, and met their last onrush with volley on volley.
+
+    "Then had you seen a gallant shock
+    When saddles were emptied and lances broke."
+
+The enemy, now in confusion, looked at the cold steel awaiting them,
+turned in dismay and fled in disorder to the shelter of their own guns.
+
+The 93rd were also at Lucknow, and the way they came to the rescue of
+the hard-pressed garrison of that city makes a thrilling episode.
+
+Well known is the story of Jessie, the Scotch nurse, who was within the
+fortifications of Lucknow when the final grip of despair was closing on
+the beleaguered garrison. Sitting musing on the hope of death as
+against the horrors of surrender, she suddenly raised her head and
+listened. Was she dreaming of the hills and glens of her native land,
+which she might never see again, or was that the sound of the pibrochs
+floating on the breeze from far away? She started up, declaring that
+she heard the wild music of her own country drawing nearer and nearer
+out of the distance. Others listened, but could hear nothing, and
+thought that Jessie was fey. But the simple-living Scotch folk are
+renowned for their second sight and clairaudience, and the event proved
+that Jessie was right; for at that moment, though far beyond the range
+of physical hearing, the Highlanders, under Sir Colin Campbell, were
+marching swiftly towards Lucknow, with Cameron striding at their head,
+blowing his loudest.
+
+  [Illustration: THE ARGYLL AND SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS AT BALACLAVA.
+                _From a Painting by R. Caton Woodville._]
+
+When they arrived at the city they made no pause, but swept down on the
+dastardly foe with irresistible force, while the bagpipes screamed and
+the men cheered wildly. Then ensued a running fight lasting some hours,
+after which post after post was seized and occupied until finally the
+siege was raised, and Sir Colin Campbell and Sir Henry Havelock met
+within the city and shook hands on a glorious relief.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES, BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+    BADGES.--A Boar's Head within a wreath of myrtle. A Cat within a
+    wreath of broom, all over the label as represented in the arms of
+    the Princess Louise, and surmounted with H.R.H.'s coronet. In each
+    of the four corners the Princess Louise Cypher and Coronet.
+
+    MOTTOES.--"Ne obliviscaris." "Sans peur."
+
+    BATTLE HONOURS.--Cape of Good Hope 1806, Rolica, Vimiera, Coronna,
+    Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula, Alma,
+    Balaclava, Sevastopol, Lucknow, S. Africa 1846-47, 1851-53, 1879,
+    1899-1902, Modder River, Paardeberg.
+
+    UNIFORM.--Regular and Reserve Battns., scarlet with yellow facings.
+
+    [1st Battn. (Argyllshire Highlanders): raised in 1794 by the Duke
+    of Argyll. 2nd Battn. (Sutherland Highlanders): raised by the Duke
+    of Sutherland in 1800. The 1st Battn. formed the bulk of the heroes
+    of the wreck of the _Birkenhead_. The 2nd Battn. were the
+    celebrated "thin red line" at Balaclava. The regiment won great
+    distinction during the Indian Mutiny. It formed part of General
+    Wauchope's force at Magersfontein (1899).]
+
+
+
+
+THE DUBLIN FUSILIERS
+
+("THE OLD TOUGHS")
+
+
+The Dublin Fusiliers had a large share in writing the red history of
+India. Their prestige has been drawn mainly from the East. Indeed,
+although they have been in existence 246 years, they never set eyes on
+the white cliffs of Dover until the other day, so to speak, in 1871. On
+their colours stand the Royal Tiger of Bengal, and the Indian Elephant,
+together with the honours--Plassey, Mysore, The Carnatic, Buxar, and
+many others gained in India which are unknown to any other regiment. In
+the conquest of India they were Clive's men, Warren Hastings' men, and
+"their names are the names of the victories of England." It is scarcely
+too much to say that Indian territory was made British by the Dublin
+Fusiliers. The story of how India would have become part of the French
+Empire but for the daring genius of an obscure youth and the
+indomitable valour of the Dublin Fusiliers makes thrilling reading.
+
+The French had laid siege to Trichinopoly, knowing that, with its fall,
+fell India into their hands; but Clive, a young man of twenty-five
+years, a born genius, without any further acquirement in the way of
+special training, evolved as if by a heaven-sent inspiration--a sudden
+plan--the consummate daring of which has not been equalled in the
+history of any other nation. It was, in brief, to raise the siege of
+Trichinopoly by dealing a sledge-hammer stroke upon Arcot, the capital
+of the Carnatic--a city whose population was 100,000, and whose
+garrison consisted of 1,100 trained men. Clive proposed to subdue this
+strongly defended city with 200 Dublin Fusiliers and 300 Sepoys. This
+unheard-of intention must have had something unseen and undreamt of
+behind it, as the shadow of the coming event. The issue proved this.
+With his handful of men, tuned to his own pitch of enthusiasm, he
+marched boldly on Arcot during the night. He was not alone. His allies
+were the elements. As he neared the gates of the city, they broke
+loose. The lightning flashed, the thunder roared, and the rain
+descended in torrents. In the midst of this, he and his little band
+entered the city as if at the head of an unknown mighty army. These
+men, who came attended by the artillery of the storm gods, by the
+lightning's flash and search-light, seemed all too many for the
+garrison. Terrified, they fled in tumult and disorder, and Clive by
+this master-stroke, aided by That which has aided Britain many times in
+a moment of daring extremity, seized Arcot, and held it.
+
+But this master-stroke required confirmation before it was effective.
+It yet remained for Clive, and his brave band to display the endurance
+and patience necessary to hold what was won. The besiegers of
+Trichinopoly gathered reinforcements, and beleaguered Arcot. Ten
+thousand men enforced that place. In the course of days four officers,
+nearly 100 Dublin Fusiliers and over 100 Sepoys were lost. Says an
+eye-witness who describes the place, "The ramparts were too narrow to
+admit the guns, the battlements too low to protect the soldiers." In
+this siege, which lasted fifty days, elephants were used by the
+besieging hosts. With the battering-rams slung between them, they were
+pushed forward against the walls, but the "Dubs" sent such a fusilade
+against them that the beasts turned tail, and trampled hundreds of the
+enemy to death.
+
+The little body of Dublin Fusiliers and Sepoys--it was the first, but
+not the last time that Indian troops have fought bravely by our
+side--held out, and finally the enemy, after a fierce attack, in which
+they were worsted, retreated. Clive followed them up remorselessly. In
+that pursuit Pondicherry and Tanjore were taken, and now, at Plassey,
+were 100 British, and 2,000 Sepoys, who, in a decisive action, defeated
+60,000 of the enemy under Surajah Dowlah. This superiority of a cause
+which, reinforcing an inferiority of men, has proved, through thick
+blood and thin, to be at the behest of civilisation, is not without its
+far-off echo in the present day.
+
+It needs to be added that the whole of the honours of the Dublin
+Fusiliers, until "South Africa, 1899-1902," and "Relief of Ladysmith,"
+were won by the Madras Fusiliers and Bombay Fusiliers (East India
+Company's regiments). It was only in 1881 that they were given the name
+"Royal Dublin Fusiliers," and as such, our English, Scotch and Welsh
+have never a fault to find with them.
+
+It was at Arcot that Lieutenant Trewith, of the Madras Fusiliers, saved
+Clive's life at the expense of his own, and so, indirectly, yet
+practically, saved India. At a moment when Clive was unaware of danger
+Trewith saw one of the besiegers taking a long, steady aim at him
+through a small breach. There was no time to do anything in the way of
+warning. There was merely time to thrust his own body between the
+bullet and Clive's heart--between another Power and India. That was a
+moment as heroic for an individual as it was critical for a nation.
+
+From the battle of Plassey onwards, wherever there was fighting, there
+were the Dublin Fusiliers. At Condore and Wandiwash, at Buxar and
+Sholingur, they were present--not in numbers but in force. It has
+ceased to be a strange thing regarding the Dublin Fusiliers that their
+greatest victories were those in which the odds were against them.
+
+At Cuddalore the "Dubs" saw the first step of a romance which went far
+in a world of practical reality. It was there that they took no less a
+person than Bernadotte prisoner--Bernadotte, the born leader of men,
+who afterwards married Desiree Clary (the early love of Napoleon),
+became Field Marshal, and died King of Sweden. Little did those
+practical fighters think, when they treated the young Bernadotte kindly
+at their camp fire that they had actually captured the future father of
+King Oscar of Sweden--a monarch who received his name from his
+god-father Napoleon Bonaparte, after his favourite hero, Oscar of
+_Ossian_.
+
+As the almost impossible name of Nundy Droog has been glorified by the
+"Dubs," one may fairly reason that the glory of a place-name may be
+derived from what takes place there. Nundy Droog is a fortress set upon
+a great crag, nearly half a mile high. The story of the three weeks'
+siege of this difficult place has a sublime climax in the final and
+victorious assault of the Dublin Fusiliers. It was night, and the
+Indian moon shone full upon the giant crag, whose serried points seemed
+to pierce the sky, casting deep shadows on the rocky facets and gloomy
+ravines. From far above fell the bugle calls of the defenders, tossed
+by echo from precipice to precipice, to die away in the dark spaces.
+Then rang out an answering clarion note from below, sounding the
+assault, and the Dublin Fusiliers advanced up the sides of that
+precipitous height. "Then," says a chronicler, with a peculiar
+inversion of metaphorical allusion, "hell opened _above them_, cannon
+shot ploughed through them, musketry raked them, rockets blasted them,
+great boulders rolled down from above and carried many away." But,
+undaunted, the Dublin Fusiliers climbed on and up, until at last their
+final dash on the summit was so determined that the enemy fled
+dismayed.
+
+Later, standing in pools of blood where lay women of Cawnpore, while
+little baby-shoes floated about them, the Dublin Fusiliers--strong men,
+sobbing with grief--vowed vengeance on the perpetrators of the foulest
+deeds, and saw it carried out. The murderers were captured and blown
+from the guns, their hands smeared with the blood of their innocent
+victims, and, according to their own belief, their high-caste souls
+consequently damned for ever.
+
+The Dublin Fusiliers fought grandly in the Boer War, and nothing could
+hold them back. After Colenso they were found to be only 400 strong. In
+view of their terrible losses it was decided to send them off to Frere
+to keep the communications open. It was at parade that they were
+informed of this, and they one and all "nabbed the rust" and swore they
+would be in the fighting line or die. They were expostulated with, but
+all arguments were of no avail; the fighting spirit was too strong, and
+these heroic fellows were allowed to remain to have another cut at the
+enemy.
+
+During the battle of Colenso occurred a real "Irish" incident which is
+amusing. The "Dubs" were advancing on the enemy's left flank under a
+searching shell and rifle fire, when they paused for cover at a
+poorly-sheltered spot. Here two of the men had a private difference,
+and, with the battle raging round them, and the bullets whistling
+through their hair, they set about one another with their fists, their
+comrades gathering round and looking on with interest. When the matter
+was satisfactorily settled, and the best man had let the other up, the
+two shook hands, and, joining common cause against the enemy, coolly
+resumed the advance, and proceeded about the less personal business of
+the day.
+
+It was at Lucknow that Tommy Atkins, the sentry, when he saw the people
+flying for the Residency, refused to leave his post, and was killed by
+the Sepoys. This proud nickname, Tommy Atkins, has now come to mean any
+soldier in the British Army, and rightly so, for, be it said, they are
+all built on the same plan as the one who immortalized their present
+name.
+
+There are two true stories of the Dublin Fusiliers which will bear
+repeating; indeed, they are more than true: they are tender and true,
+and show the noblest form of self-sacrifice in the face of unconquering
+death. At Natal, when Captain Paton was severely wounded, one of his
+disabled men crept to his side in the cold, teeming rain, and lay with
+his arms about him all night long, trying to keep the necessary warmth
+in his body. And if you remind an old Dublin Fusilier of this touching
+story, he will most probably tell you another of eighty years ago,
+which is like unto it. There were, so the records tell, two
+foster-brothers in the Bombay Fusiliers (the 2nd "Dubs")--the younger
+an officer, and the elder a devil-may-care private. "Ye'll be lookin'
+after the lad," said their mother, when they left for the front. "I
+will," replied the reckless one; and he did. They were found, years
+later, upon a mountain-side in India, both dead, lying among dead and
+wounded. But--and here is the lump in the throat--the younger had been
+badly wounded, and the elder only slightly; but, dead from exposure,
+there he lay by his brother's side, stripped to the skin, all his
+clothes being piled upon his mother's younger son to keep his ebbing
+life-spark warm. Deep down in the devil-may-care Bombay Fusilier who
+did that deed was surely the spirit that conquers death, subjecting it
+to the higher glory of Britain.
+
+                     *      *      *      *      *
+
+    THEIR BADGES AND BATTLE HONOURS, ETC.
+
+BADGES.--The Royal Tiger, superscribed, "Plassey," "Buxar." The
+Elephant, superscribed "Carnatic," "Mysore."
+
+MOTTO.--"Spectamur Agendo."
+
+BATTLE HONOURS.--Arcot, Condore, Wandiwash, Scholingur, Nundy Droog,
+Amboyna, Ternate, Banda, Pondicherry, Mahidpoor, Guzerat, Seringapatam,
+Kirkee, Beni Boo Ally, Aden, Punjaub, Mooltan, Goojerat, Ava, Pegu,
+Lucknow, S. Africa 1899-1902, Relief of Ladysmith.
+
+UNIFORM.--Scarlet with blue facings.
+
+
+
+
+FUENTES D'ONORO AND ALBUERA
+
+    "A battle's never lost until it's won."--_Old British proverb._
+
+    "Nothing could stop that astonishing infantry."
+
+    _Napier._
+
+
+As at Balaclava and Inkerman, a great number of our Expeditionary
+regiments now contending side by side at the front were present at the
+victorious battle of Fuentes d'Onoro, and a new significance attaches
+to that name from the fact that these regiments were mainly responsible
+for the victory on that occasion. The battle is also very noteworthy in
+the annals of British pluck and endurance for the number of times the
+little village was taken and retaken in the course of the day.
+
+In September, 1810, Wellington, having beaten Regnier and Ney at
+Busaco, withdrew to his colossal defences at Torres Vedras. In the
+following spring he again assumed the offensive, and marched his army
+to Fuentes d'Onoro, where the battle of glorious incident was fought. A
+Highlander who was in the fight has described it in the following
+picturesque narrative, which as his description is taken from notes
+written in camp, contains no indication as to his regiment, and
+prudently refrains from mentioning the names of most of the other
+regiments, we may preface it with a list of the principal regiments
+engaged. They were as follow:
+
+    1st (Royal) Dragoons; 14th (King's) Hussars; 16th (Queen's)
+    Lancers; the Coldstream Guards and Scots Guards; King's Royal Rifle
+    Corps; the Rifle Brigade; 1st and 2nd Battalion Highland Light
+    Infantry; 2nd Battalion Gordon Highlanders; 1st Battalion Royal
+    Highlanders (Black Watch); 1st Battalion South Wales Borderers; 1st
+    Battalion Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders; Norfolk Regiment; 1st
+    Battalion Yorkshire Light Infantry; 1st Battalion Royal Irish
+    Rifles; 1st Battalion Connaught Rangers; 16th Lancers; and others.
+
+And here is his story, in the course of which the reader must make what
+he can of the curious fact that the cavalry on both sides were chiefly
+Germans!
+
+    "Our regiment was moved to the village of Fuentes d'Onoro, a few
+    miles nearer Almeida. A great part of the way we moved through a
+    wood of oak trees, in which the inhabitants of the surrounding
+    villages had herds of swine feeding; here the voice of the cuckoo
+    was never mute; night and day its simple notes were heard in every
+    quarter of the wood.
+
+    "The village we now occupied was in Spain.... The site of the
+    village was beautiful and romantic; it lay in a sort of ravine,
+    down which a small river brawled over an irregular rocky bed, in
+    some places forming precipitous falls of many feet; the acclivity
+    on each side was occasionally abrupt, covered with trees and thick
+    brush-wood. Three leagues to the left of our front lay the villages
+    of Gallegos and Espeja, in and about which our Light Division and
+    cavalry were quartered. Between this and Fuentes lay a large wood,
+    which, receding on the right, formed a plain, flanked by a deep
+    ravine, being a continuation of that in which the village lay. In
+    our rear was another plain, on which our army subsequently formed,
+    and behind that, in a valley, Villa Fermosa, the river Coa running
+    past it.
+
+    "We had not been many days here when we received intelligence that
+    the light troops were falling back upon our village, the enemy
+    having recrossed the Agueda in great force, for the purpose of
+    relieving Almeida, which we had blockaded. On the morning we
+    received this intelligence (3rd May, 1811), our regiment turned out
+    of the town, and took up their position with the rest of the
+    division on a plain some distance behind it. The morning was
+    uncommonly beautiful; the sun shone bright and warm; the various
+    odoriferous shrubs, which were scattered profusely around, perfumed
+    the air, and the woods rang with the song of birds.
+
+    "The Light Division and cavalry falling back, followed by the
+    columns of the French, the various divisions of the army assembling
+    on the plain from different quarters, their arms glittering in the
+    sun; bugles blowing, drums beating, the various staff officers
+    galloping about to different parts of the line giving orders,
+    formed a scene which realized to my mind all that I had ever read
+    of feats of arms, or the pomp of war--a scene which no one could
+    behold unmoved, or without feeling a portion of that enthusiasm
+    which always accompanies 'deeds of high daring'; a scene justly
+    conceived, and well described by Moore, in the beautiful song:--
+
+        Oh, the sight entrancing
+        When the morning's beam is glancing
+          O'er files array'd
+          With helm and blade
+        And plumes in the gay wind dancing!
+
+    "Our position was now taken up in such a way that our line ran
+    along the frontiers of Portugal, maintaining the blockade of
+    Almeida by our left, while our right kept open the communication
+    with Sabugal, the place where the last action was fought.
+
+    "The French advanced on our position in three columns, about three
+    o'clock in the afternoon, and detached a strong body of troops
+    against Fuentes, which was at this time occupied as an advance post
+    by the 60th Regiment (1st Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps), and
+    the light company of our division. The skirmishers were covered in
+    their advance by cavalry, in consequence of which ours were obliged
+    to fall back for greater safety to some stone fences on the
+    outskirts of the village, while a party of our German hussars
+    covered their retreat.
+
+    "The cavalry now commenced skirmishing, the infantry keeping up an
+    occasional fire. It was rather remarkable that the cavalry on both
+    sides happened to be Germans. When this was understood, volleys of
+    insulting language, as well as shot, were exchanged between them.
+    One of our hussars got so enraged at something one of his opponents
+    said, that, raising his sword, he dashed forward upon him into the
+    very centre of their line. The insulting hussar, seeing that he had
+    no mercy to expect from his enraged foe, wheeled about his horse,
+    and rode to the rear. The other, determined on revenge, still
+    continued to follow him. The whole attention, on both sides, was
+    drawn for a moment to these two, and a temporary cessation of
+    firing took place. The French stared in astonishment at our
+    hussar's temerity, while our men were cheering him on. The chase
+    continued for some way to the rear of their cavalry. At last, our
+    hussar, coming up with him, fetched a furious blow, and brought him
+    to the ground.
+
+    "Awakening now to a sense of the danger he had thrown himself into,
+    he set his horse at full speed to get back to his comrades, but the
+    French, who were confounded when he passed, had recovered their
+    surprise, and, determined on avenging the death of their comrade,
+    they joined in pursuit, firing their pistols at him. The poor
+    fellow was now in a hazardous plight; they were every moment
+    gaining upon him, and he had still a long way to ride. A band of
+    the enemy took a circuit for the purpose of intercepting him, and
+    before he could reach the line, he was surrounded, and would have
+    been cut to pieces, had not a party of his comrades, stimulated by
+    the wish to save so brave a fellow, rushed forward, and arrived
+    just in time, by making the attack general, to save his life, and
+    brought him off in triumph.
+
+    "The overwhelming force which the French now pushed forward on the
+    village could not be withstood by the small number of troops which
+    defended it; they were obliged to give way, and were fairly forced
+    to a rising ground on the other side, where stood a small chapel.
+    The French now thought they had gained their point, but they were
+    soon undeceived, for, being reinforced at this place by the
+    Portuguese cacadores, our lads came to the right-about, and
+    attacked them with such vigour that in a short time they were
+    driven back to their old ground. While retreating through the town,
+    one of our sergeants, who had run up the wrong street, being pushed
+    hard by the enemy, ran into one of the houses; they were close at
+    his heels, and he had just time to wrench open the door of a
+    cupboard in a recess and tumble himself into a large chest, when
+    they entered and commenced plundering the house, expressing their
+    wonder, at the same time, concerning the sudden disappearance of
+    the 'Anglois' whom they had seen run into the house. During the
+    time the poor sergeant lay sweating and half smothered they were
+    busy breaking open everything that came in their way, looking for
+    plunder, and they had just discovered the concealed door of his
+    hiding-place when the noise of our men cheering, as they charged
+    the enemy through the town, forced them to take flight. The
+    sergeant now got out, and having joined his company, assisted in
+    driving the French back.
+
+    "No other part of the line had as yet been attacked by the French;
+    they seemed bent on taking the village of Fuentes in the first
+    place, as a stepping-stone, and the main body of each army lay
+    looking at each other. Finding that the force they had sent down,
+    great as it was, could not keep possession of the place, they sent
+    forward two strong bodies of fresh troops to re-attack it, one of
+    which, composed of the Irish Legion, dressed in red uniform, was at
+    first taken for a British regiment, and they had time to form up,
+    and give us a volley before the mistake was discovered.
+
+    "The village was now vigorously attacked by the enemy at two
+    points, and with such a superior force, that, in spite of the
+    unparalleled bravery of our troops, they were driven back,
+    contesting every inch of the ground.
+
+    "On our retreat through the village, we were met by the 71st
+    Regiment, cheering and led on by Colonel Cadogan, which had been
+    detached from the line to our support. The chase was now turned,
+    and although the French were obstinately intent on keeping their
+    ground, and so eager that many of their cavalry had entered the
+    town and rushed furiously down the streets, all their efforts were
+    in vain; nothing could withstand the charge of the gallant 71st,
+    and in a short time, in spite of all resistance, they cleared the
+    village."
+
+[This regiment (1st Battalion Highland Light Infantry) was always
+remarkable for its gallantry. The brave Cadogan well knew the art of
+rendering his men invincible; he knew that the courage of the British
+soldier is best called forth by associating it with his country, and he
+also knew how to time the few words which produced such magical
+effects.]
+
+    "We were now once more in possession of the place, but our loss, as
+    well as that of the French, had been very great. In particular
+    places of the village, where a stand had been made, or the shot
+    brought to bear, the slaughter had been immense. The French,
+    enraged at being thus baffled in all their attempts to attack the
+    town, sent forward a force composed of the very flower of their
+    army, but they gained only a temporary advantage, for, being
+    reinforced by the 79th Regiment--although the contest remained
+    doubtful until night--we remained in possession of it, with the
+    exception of a few houses on the rise of the hill at the French
+    side. The light brigade of our division was now withdrawn, and the
+    71st and 79th Regiments remained as a picquet in it during the
+    night. Next morning it was again occupied as before. On the 4th
+    both sides were busily employed burying the dead and bringing in
+    the wounded, French and English promiscuously mixed, and assisted
+    each other in that melancholy duty, as if they had been intimate
+    friends.... During this day, the French generals reconnoitred our
+    position, and next morning (the 5th), they made a movement to their
+    left with two strong columns. This caused a corresponding movement
+    in our lines, and it was scarcely made, when they attacked our
+    right, composed of the 7th Division, with all their cavalry, and
+    succeeded in turning it, but they were gallantly met by some
+    squadrons of our dragoons, and repulsed. Their columns of infantry
+    still continued to advance on the same point, and were much galled
+    by the heavy fire kept up on them by the 7th Division, but in
+    consequence of this movement, our communication with Sabugal was
+    abandoned for a stronger position, and our army was now formed in
+    two lines, the Light Division and cavalry in reserve. This
+    manoeuvre paralysed their attack on our line, and their efforts
+    were chiefly confined to partial cannonading, and some charges with
+    their cavalry, which were received and repulsed by the 3rd Regiment
+    of Guards in one instance; but, as they were falling back, they did
+    not perceive the charge of a different body of the enemy's cavalry
+    in time to form, and many of them were killed, wounded, and taken
+    prisoners. Colonel Hill, who commanded the picquets, was among the
+    latter; the 42nd Regiment (The Black Watch) also, under Lord
+    Blantyre, gallantly repulsed another charge made by the enemy's
+    cavalry. The Frenchmen then attempted to push a strong body of
+    light infantry down the ravine to the right of the 1st Division,
+    but they were driven back by some companies of the Guards and 95th
+    Rifles (now the "Rifle Brigade.")
+
+    "While on the right this was going on, the village of Fuentes was
+    again attacked by a body of the Imperial Guard, and, as on the 3rd,
+    the village was taken and retaken several times. At one time they
+    had brought down such an overwhelming force that our troops were
+    fairly beat out of the town, and the French formed a close column
+    between it and us. Some guns which were posted on the rise in front
+    of our line, having opened upon them, made them change their
+    ground, and the 88th Regiment (Connaught Rangers) being detached
+    from our division, led on by the heroic General McKinnon (who
+    commanded our right brigade), charged them furiously, and drove
+    them back through the village with great slaughter.
+
+    "Some time previous to this, General Picton had had occasion to
+    check this regiment for some little plundering affair they had been
+    guilty of, and he was so offended at their conduct that, in
+    addressing them, he had told them they were the greatest
+    'blackguards' in the army. But, as he was always as ready to give
+    praise as censure, where it was due, when they were returning from
+    this gallant and effective charge, he exclaimed, 'Well done, the
+    brave 88th!' Some of them who had been stung at his former
+    reproaches cried out, 'Are we the greatest blackguards in the army
+    now?' The valiant Picton smiled, and replied: 'No, no, you are
+    brave and gallant soldiers; this day has redeemed your character.'
+
+    "At one time during the contest, when the enemy had gained a
+    partial position of the village, our light troops had retired into
+    a small wood above it, where they were huddled together without any
+    regularity (a French officer, while leading on his men, having been
+    killed in our front), a bugler of the 83rd Regiment (now 1st
+    Battalion Irish Rifles) starting out between the fire of both
+    parties, seized his gold watch; but he had scarcely returned, when
+    a cannon shot from the enemy came whistling past him, and he fell
+    lifeless on the spot. The blood spurted out of his nose and ears,
+    but with the exception of this, there was neither wound nor bruise
+    on his body--the shot had not touched him.
+
+    "The phenomenon here described has been the subject of much
+    discussion among medical men; some attribute it to the shot
+    becoming electrical, and parting with its electricity in passing
+    the body, while others maintain that the ball does strike the
+    individual obliquely, and although there is no appearance of injury
+    on the surface, there always exists serious derangement of the
+    system internally.
+
+    "We had regained possession of the village a short time after, and
+    got a little breathing time.... After the various takings and
+    retakings of the village, night again found us in possession of it.
+    On the 6th, no attempt was made to renew the attack, and, as on the
+    4th, the army on each side was employed burying the dead, and
+    looking after the wounded. On the 7th, we still remained quiet, but
+    on this day the whole French army were reviewed on the plain by
+    Massena. On the 8th, the French sentries were withdrawn at
+    daylight, the main body of the enemy having retired during the
+    night to the woods between Fuentes and Gallegos. On the 9th they
+    broke up, and retired from their position, and on the 10th they had
+    recrossed the Agueda without having accomplished the relief of
+    Almeida."
+
+Full of interest and significance as was the battle of Fuentes d'Onoro,
+it remains that the most sanguinary and glorious battle of the
+Peninsular War, as far as the soldiers were concerned, was that of
+Albuera where, on May 16th, the skilful Soult was defeated by
+Beresford, with tremendous slaughter.
+
+Just as the battle of Fuentes arose out of the determination of Massena
+to save Almeida, so that of Albuera was owing to Soult's desire to save
+Badajoz, which was in siege by Beresford. Wellington was returning
+victorious from the north to join Beresford, but, before he arrived,
+the bloodiest battle of the Peninsula was over.
+
+Before the siege of Badajoz was well compacted Soult came up with a
+superior force, and Beresford decided to raise the siege and stake the
+issue on a pitched battle. The Allies took up their position on the
+ridge of Albuera, some 28,000 strong, including 10,000 half-trained
+Spaniards, who were something between a hindrance and a help. Soult's
+force consisted of 19,000 picked infantry, 4,000 cavalry, and fifty
+guns.
+
+It is the very climax and turning point of this fight that interests us
+here. It came at a time when Houghton's Brigade, being practically
+worsted in an assault on the ridge, were failed by Beresford, but
+succored by Colonel Hardinge, who, on his own responsibility, ordered
+the advance of General Cole's Division against the enemy. This, the 4th
+Division, consisting mainly of British fusiliers, succeeded in turning
+the tide of battle. Cole himself led the fusiliers up the hill, on the
+crest of which the French with their artillery were stationed in force;
+and, as if that were not superiority enough, the whole of Soult's
+reserve was advancing in mass to support the columns on the ridge.
+Houghton's Brigade held on in what seemed a losing fight. The ground
+was heaped with dead, and the Polish lancers were beginning to gather
+round the British guns. The brigade saw defeat and destruction staring
+it in the face. But they endured for sheer tenacity's sake, not knowing
+that but a few moments more mattered everything. The Royal Welsh
+Fusiliers swept steadily upwards, attacked the savage lancers, charged
+their gathering hosts, and put the enemy to rout. It was Houghton's
+Brigade that had borne the brunt, but it was the Welsh Fusiliers that
+decided the victory.
+
+Napier has pictured this glorious passage of arms so vividly that it is
+no man's presumptuous task to describe it independently. "Such a
+gallant line," he says, "issuing from the midst of smoke, and rapidly
+separating itself from the confused and broken multitude, startled the
+enemy's heavy masses which were increasing and pressing onwards as to
+an assured victory. They wavered, hesitated, and then, vomiting forth a
+storm of fire, hastily endeavoured to enlarge their front, while a
+fearful discharge of grape from all their artillery whistled through
+the British ranks. Sir William Myers was killed. Cole, and the three
+Colonels: Ellis, Blakeney, and Hawkshawe, fell wounded, and the
+fusilier battalions, struck by the iron tempest, reeled and staggered
+like sinking ships. Suddenly and sternly recovering, they closed on
+their terrible enemies, and then was seen with what a strength and
+majesty the British soldier fights. In vain did Soult, by voice and
+gesture, animate his Frenchmen; in vain did the hardiest veterans,
+extricating themselves from the crowded columns, sacrifice their lives
+to gain time for the mass to open out on such a fair field; in vain did
+the mass itself bear up, and, fiercely arising, fire indiscriminately
+upon friends and foes, while the horsemen hovering on the flank,
+threatened to charge the advancing line. Nothing could stop that
+astonishing infantry. No sudden burst of undisciplined valour, no
+nervous enthusiasm weakened the stability of their order; their
+flashing eyes were bent on the dark columns in their front; their
+measured tread shook the ground; their dreadful volleys swept away the
+head of every formation; their deafening shouts overpowered the
+dissonant cries that broke from all parts of the tumultuous crowd as,
+foot by foot, and with a horrid carnage, it was driven by the incessant
+vigour of the attack to the farthest edge of the hill. In vain did the
+French reserves, joining with the struggling multitudes, endeavour to
+sustain the fight; their efforts only increased the irremediable
+confusion, and the mighty mass, giving way like a loosened cliff, went
+headlong down the ascent. The rain flowed after in streams discoloured
+with blood, and 1,500 unwounded men, the remnant of 6,000 unconquerable
+British soldiers, stood triumphant on the fatal hill."
+
+It must be added to this classic word-picture of the fight on the ridge
+that Marshal Beresford in his despatch to Lord Wellington, dated
+Albuera, 18th May, said, "It was observed that our dead, particularly
+the 57th Regiment (the "Die Hards" of Albuera), were lying as they had
+fought in the ranks, and that every wound was in front."
+
+
+
+
+BALACLAVA AND INKERMAN
+
+    "The Cavalry do as they like to the enemy until they are confronted
+    by thrice their numbers....
+
+    "Our Artillery has never been opposed to less than three or four
+    times their numbers."--_Sir John French at the Front._
+
+
+The majority of the Expeditionary Forces now at the front carry in
+their hearts if not on their standards the glorious legends of
+Balaclava and of Inkerman. At a time when it has become so evident that
+the tendency of the Prussian military system is to crush individual
+initiative, while that of the British system is to encourage it on
+equal terms with a free and unhesitating obedience to the will of the
+commander, the battles of Balaclava and Inkerman are of peculiar
+significance, for, while Balaclava contains a glorious instance of
+blind obedience, Inkerman stands alone as a sanguinary conflict in
+which, to quote an eye-witness, "every man was his own general." For
+this reason it has been called a "soldiers' battle," and as such it
+forms a useful example, not only of the fine behaviour of our soldiers
+when thrown on the limit of their own individual resources, but also of
+the self-reliant valour and do-or-die spirit that has brought them
+through so many desperately prolonged struggles before and since. The
+fact that Inkerman was fought and won in a thick fog makes it all the
+more wonderful and satisfactory that the units, and even individuals,
+of our army on that occasion co-operated well within the boundaries of
+a sound and discreet initiative. Many full descriptions have been given
+of Balaclava and Inkerman. Our space here will not allow of more than a
+brief account of some of the glorious deeds on those fields of victory.
+
+On October 25th, 1885, the Russians made a bold attempt to take
+Balaclava, and the tale of their defeat is the immortal tale of two of
+the finest cavalry charges ever known in the history of war.
+Immortalised in verse by Tennyson, the "Charge of the Light Brigade" is
+a deed bringing honour and glory for all time; yet the charge of the
+Heavy Brigade earlier on the same day was an affair even more deadly to
+the enemy and more responsible for the final victory.
+
+At the first attack of the Russians the 93rd (Sutherland) Highlanders
+were called upon to face them and defend the foremost approach. Eight
+Squadrons of General Scarlett's Heavy Brigade on the left wing were at
+once ordered to their assistance. Of these the Scots Greys and
+Inniskillings were diverted to check the advance of a body of Russian
+cavalry 3,000 strong, which was descending from the hill into the
+valley. It all happened on the spur of the moment. As soon as Scarlett
+became aware of the meaning of those 3,000 of the enemy he made up his
+mind in a flash. It was one of the intuitions that determine the
+fortune of war. "Left wheel into line!" and the Greys and Inniskillings
+were ready. They saw the cause and understood the intention. They
+wheeled into line, and as they formed up with quick, cool decision, the
+Russians paused, as if to calculate, some 500 paces away. "Charge!" And
+the Greys and Inniskillings, with Scarlett at their head, thundered
+forward on the enemy.
+
+It was a gallant and almost desperate undertaking, for the two
+squadrons were greatly out-numbered by the opposing force; but it was
+so sudden, unexpected and headlong, that the Russians were thrown into
+hesitation and scarcely knew on the spur of the moment the best way to
+meet it. After the terrible clash of meeting they could do no more than
+try to close in on the English, and in this, by dint of superior
+numbers, they must in the end have wiped our men out had it not been
+that in the very thick of it help came from several sides. First, small
+detachments of other "Heavies" came up rapidly and fell upon the
+enclosing Russians so fiercely that their plan was weakened. Then a
+whole squadron of Inniskillings from our right swept down on the
+enemy's left and completely frustrated its encircling movement.
+Finally, from different quarters, the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards and
+the Royals came up like a whirlwind, and the result of it all was a
+fight of the wildest and most terrible kind. In the thick of it were
+Scarlett and his two squadrons, and the enemy were cut up and swept
+away like chaff before the terrible onslaught within and without, until
+at last they broke and fled in utter confusion back over the crest of
+the hill. So, in glorious victory, ended the Charge of the Heavy
+Brigade, a splendid feat of generalship and valour which, though unsung
+by Laureates, nevertheless throws a tremendous weight of tradition into
+the spirit of the "Heavies" who, with three of their regiments--the
+Scots Greys, and the 4th and 5th Dragoon Guards, are to-day repeating
+such deeds at the front without being aware that they are doing
+anything extraordinary.
+
+The Charge of the Light Brigade is a matter that all the world knows
+while all the world wonders--in one sense, that it was ever undertaken,
+and, in another, that mortal flesh and blood could dare so desperate
+and unwarlike a deed at the behest of discipline and still succeed in
+turning it to glorious account. What happened is household reading, but
+who could be restrained from relating it, and who can refrain from
+reading it yet once more?
+
+The Light Brigade, with the 13th Light Dragoons and the 17th Lancers in
+the first line, the 11th Hussars in the second, and the 4th Light
+Dragoons and the 8th Hussars in the third, was drawn up two deep as
+soon as the ambiguous order arrived. The Heavy Brigade was in readiness
+to support, with Lord Lucan commanding in person the Greys and Royals.
+A brief question as to the meaning of the order and a quick reply that
+it was no time to question, but merely to obey, and then the trumpet
+rang out for the charge. It had no uncertain sound and every man
+prepared to do and die as they went down the hill with Lord Cardigan at
+their head at a speed approaching twenty miles an hour. Sheets of
+flame, and a hail of lead, leapt out upon their flanks from the Russian
+infantry. Captain Nolan darted out across their front, shouting and
+waving his sword in the futile effort to explain that it was all a
+mistake. But their minds were made up and they did not heed or could
+not understand his gestures, at so swift a pace; and then, swifter
+still, a fragment of shell tore its way through Nolan's heart and his
+horse wheeled and bore him, dead, but still upright, through the
+advancing ranks before he fell.
+
+Meanwhile the brigade hurled forward, through the dense pall of smoke
+before the guns, into that dreadful impact which has shown the nations
+for ever what our heroes can do. Those who passed between the shot and
+shell passed also between the guns, sabring the gunners as they went,
+until they launched upon the squadron beyond. Then ensued a mighty
+conflict for the possession of the guns. While those in the first line
+fought fiercely with the enemy's cavalry the second and third lines
+thundered in and made their business plain. It was to silence the guns,
+and with all the courage of their kind they did it. Their tracks could
+be traced next day on the field by the lines of dead whose heads were
+not left upon their bodies, or were cloven "from the nave to the
+chaps." The fight was unequal, but they did not seem to realise it, for
+they fought their way back with a persistency that sent an undying
+thrill through all the world. These heroes fought on, and would have
+done so to the last drop had it not been for a timely charge of the
+French Chasseurs d'Afrique upon the pressing hosts of the enemy. Thus
+they were extricated--all that were left of them. "Then they rode
+back"--some 170 in formation.
+
+When they lined up in their original position and Lord Cardigan counted
+them in a glance, he said "Men, it was a mad-brained trick, but it was
+no fault of mine." Later, when the French General was asked his
+opinion, he replied, "It was magnificent, but it was not war." Later
+still, when Lord Cardigan came home, Queen Victoria asked him simply,
+"Where is my army?" Yet, though critics may speak of "absolute
+inutility," and calculating militarists of "sheer waste of life," it
+still remains that the crowning glory of the Light Brigade, born that
+day at Balaclava, has outlived all the survivors of that deathless
+fray, and will still live on when the sword of the conquered has been
+beaten once more into the ploughshare of peace. Ask any man of the 11th
+Hussars fighting at the front to-day what he thinks about the Charge of
+the Light Brigade, and, whatever he says, he will stand an inch higher
+while saying it. And so it is with the nation. In these days, from the
+Secretary for War to the latest recruit--even to the humblest
+non-combatant grimly enduring--we are greater, stronger, more
+whole-hearted for the memory of that glorious episode. It is far
+reaching. It is immortal.
+
+    "When can their glory fade?
+    Oh! the wild charge they made!
+      All the world wondered.
+    Honour the charge they made,
+    Honour the Light Brigade;
+      Noble Six Hundred!"
+
+Ten days had elapsed since their defeat at Balaclava when the Russians
+planned an over-whelming attack on our besieging army. Their objective
+was Mount Inkerman, their methods were secret, and their men 60,000.
+The event shows that they hoped, by sending a strong force to the west
+of Sevastopol and some 20,000 men to engage our army in the field, to
+carry Inkerman, and so compel us to raise the siege.
+
+Through the mists of the cold November morning the Russians, stirred to
+the highest enthusiasm by the priests, advanced on Inkerman, and a
+fight of the most desperate character ensued. Our Second Division, sore
+pressed by overwhelming numbers, was suffering heavily, when,
+notwithstanding the fog, the enemy's strategy became apparent, and the
+Rifle Brigade were sent hurrying up from the field to their assistance.
+The 50th followed, and the battle round Inkerman, now a trifle less
+unequal, eddied and swirled and locked, turning now in favour of one
+side and now the other. All sides belched flame and in turn were
+bespattered with lead. Here a heap of Russian slain, and there, through
+a rift of the mist, a fitful gleam of serried bayonets. The British
+broke ranks and formed squares, and, in this formation, every square
+found work of its own in repelling the fierce and sudden rushes of the
+enemy. A couple of 18-pounders were brought up and long gaps were hewn
+out of the deep ranks of the attacking host. Small groups found
+antagonists by instinct in the mist and fought to a finish on their
+own. Commanders became fighting-men, and every fighting-man his own
+commander. It rested with each and all who had in common, not only the
+fog, but a general purpose, to see that they kept their place between
+anything Russian and the summit of Inkerman; and, in the process of
+this, hand-to-hand combats as heroic as any in the Trojan War were
+joined. "A series of dreadful deeds of daring," says Davenport Adams,
+"of sanguinary hand-to-hand fights, of despairing rallies, of desperate
+assaults in glens and valleys, in brush-wood and glades and remote
+dales, from which the conquerors issued only to engage fresh foes, till
+the old supremacy, so readily assailed, was again triumphant and the
+battalions of the Czar gave way before our steady courage and the
+chivalrous fire of France."
+
+
+_Wyman & Sons Ltd., Printers, London and Reading._
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of British Regiments at the Front, The
+Story of Their Battle Honours, by Reginald Hodder
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