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| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-02-06 01:00:16 -0800 |
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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..79fc1a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #52416 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/52416) diff --git a/old/52416-8.txt b/old/52416-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 719dfb4..0000000 --- a/old/52416-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3484 +0,0 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 14, 1896, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: Harper's Round Table, January 14, 1896 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: June 26, 2016 [EBook #52416] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - - - - -[Illustration: HARPER'S ROUND TABLE] - -Copyright, 1896, by HARPER & BROTHERS. All Rights Reserved. - - * * * * * - -PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JANUARY 14, 1896. FIVE CENTS A -COPY. - -VOL. XVII.--NO. 846. TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. - - * * * * * - -[Illustration] - -FOR KING OR COUNTRY. - -A Story of the Revolution. - -BY JAMES BARNES. - -CHAPTER XIII. - -"RICHARD BLOUNT," OF ALBANY. - - -It was a dark, murky night when George reached the headquarters at West -Point. He had been delayed often in the journey, having been forced to -hide in the woods to avoid meeting stragglers from the guerilla forces, -and once he saw a man ride to the top of a hill behind him and shadow -his eyes with his hat. His horse was almost worn out when he had reached -the American outposts. Here, however, there was no detention. He had -passports that would take him across the river, where the forces that -were making feints of threatening the British defences above the city -were stationed. - -After leaving the protection of the American arms he was to proceed on -foot and enter the British lines as best he could, and there demand to -be brought before the officials to whom he had despatches. - -It is a strange thing that even the strongest and frankest natures often -have the gift of dissembling when confronted with danger or necessity. A -half-dozen times as George had ridden through the woods he had thought -of giving up the project. General Washington knew nothing of it, he -felt sure, and Colonel Hewes was known more for his brilliancy and dash -than for his caution. It seemed hardly possible that any scheme of such -tremendous importance as the capture of the British General could be -successful; the plotting could not go on under the very eyes of the -English; they would surely suspect something, and he knew what the fate -of a spy would be. He remembered the brave Nathan Hale, but was animated -none the less by the memory of this hero's last words, and the sorrow -that he had expressed at having "but one life to give for his country." -The question of right or wrong involved George did not weigh long in his -mind, and, to tell the truth, the mystery of the adventure had strongly -tempted him from the first. - -No one would have recognized our young Lieutenant as he stepped from the -boat into the glare of a lantern on the eastern shore of the Hudson--for -he had been ferried across the river, the very night of his arrival at -West Point. His brown hair was dyed black and straggled about his -shoulders. Instead of his long blue coat, he wore a gray jacket and a -short plum-colored waistcoat buttoned tightly to the throat; his legs -were encased in heavy riding-breeches, and stiff leather gaiters came up -to his knees. The big pouch in his pocket was filled with the precious -English guineas, and sewed on the inside lining of his waistcoat were -the despatches. - -The story of supposed hardships that he had faced in coming down from -Albany he had learned by heart, but it was hard for George to change the -soldierly carriage of his shoulders. He was stamped with the imprint of -military service. However, by placing a button in the sole of his left -boot, he reminded himself of the limp which Richard Blount was supposed -to have. - -The next day, at early dawn, he began his trip, and late in the -afternoon he rested at a farm-house, keeping out of sight as much as -possible. When darkness came on, under the guidance of a Lieutenant Peck -of a Connecticut regiment, he rode away once more southward toward the -city. - -It was almost four o'clock in the morning when Lieutenant Peck stopped. -The latter, out of delicacy, had asked no questions, and George had felt -in no mood for conversation. Their journey had been made in silence. - -"Here is the lone oak," said the Lieutenant, "and here I am to leave you -and take back the horses. This road will carry you to the British lines. -I wish you all success in your dangerous enterprise, for I can guess, -sir, what hardships and sacrifices you will have to make. God speed -you." - -George had dismounted. He shook the other's hand, thanked him, and -hastened down the road. The papers that were sewed inside his clothes -crinkled as he walked. He almost felt as if his courage would give out. -What was he going to face? Was he not being made the victim of a wild, -reckless enthusiast? - -Nevertheless he would not back out. It was not in the Frothingham blood -to turn. The family motto was "Onward." He would be true to it. - -As he walked ahead he kept making up his mind what he would say and how -he would appear. He was supposed not to be a country bumpkin, but a -youth of some education and appearance. He was not to go into hiding -when he reached the city, but to live openly, and to spend money -lavishly on the soldiers. He was not to talk overly much, but to listen -carefully, and to await the orders that he would receive, and act, when -the time came, with promptness and fearlessness. He had been going over -for the hundredth time the tale of his imaginary and wonderful passage -through the American lines; and had traversed perhaps eight or ten miles -from the spot where he had separated from Lieutenant Peck, when he saw -some men with guns on their shoulders crossing from the woods to the -left of the road. - -It was growing light, and it was evident from their movements that they -had detected him. Now a strange fear came into his mind. If they were -English, all would be right and well; but if they were Americans, it -would be hard for him to explain. It was good that this idea came to -him, for it made him act as a fugitive naturally would. He walked on as -if he had discovered nothing until he had placed the big trunk of a tree -between himself and the strangers standing on the hill-side, two of whom -were advancing toward him. Then he backed carefully away, still keeping -the tree between him and the approaching figures, until he reached the -stone wall at the road-side. He cleared this at a bound, and falling on -his hands and knees, crawled along in the direction he had been -pursuing. At last he found a patch of underbrush, and worked his way -into it cautiously as a skulking Iroquois might. Peering out through the -branches of a small pine he could clearly see the men that were walking -toward the tree behind, which he apparently had taken shelter, up the -road. He could see their surprised gestures when they found no one was -there. He saw them searching the ground for footprints, as there had -been a slight snow-fall, and of course his having walked backwards did -not betray him at first glance. He hoped that they were Englishmen, but -could not tell, for their uniform was a nondescript one like the -Americans. Suddenly, as he watched the slope from his hiding-place, he -saw the flash of a red coat, and then another. The man near the road -shouted something back to the top of the hill. It was evident that -George had come across an English outpost, and as it was now quite -day-light, he could see, down the road, a number of horses being led out -of a weather-beaten gray barn. - -So Lieutenant Frothingham, now "Richard Blount," of Albany, stepped from -his hiding-place, and walked boldly out to the road-side and seated -himself on the stone wall. - -For some reason the party who was searching the bushes further up had -not discerned him, but the man in the red coat had, and was seen coming -swiftly down the hill. The other joined him also, and soon the two were -within speaking distance. - -"Stand and deliver!" said the first, with his hand upon the butt of a -large pistol that he carried in his belt. - -"If you will pardon me," returned George, affecting a careless air, "I -had just as lief sit for awhile; and as to delivering, I have come a -long way to do it." - -"What mean you?" said the man, stepping across the road and coming -closer. The others had by this time come down also, and our young hero -found himself confronted by a group of curious faces. The nondescripts -had proved to be Tory irregulars. - -"I mean just this," said George: "you are English--John Bulls, are you -not? I am Richard Blount, of Albany. I have some letters for General -Howe and his Lordship; and I have crawled, walked, and stolen through -the American lines, and it is my desire to reach New York. Anything that -you can do for me I am sure will be appreciated by my family and the -gentlemen I wish to see." - -The officer laughed and advanced. "I am happy to meet you, sir," he -said. "How did you do it?" - -"I kept to the woods mostly, and used some Indian tactics, doubtless," -answered George. - -"He knows them well," broke in a voice. "See how he escaped us up the -road." - -"I feared you were Yankees," was "Mr. Blount's" rejoinder. "I will be -grateful to you, sir, if you will bring me to where I can get a -Christian meal, for I am half famished, and no dissembling." - -He descended from his perch on the stone wall and approached the -officer. - -"Here are my credentials, sir," he said, unbuttoning his coat and showing -the letters sewed into the lining. "If you can hasten me on my way to -the city and recommend me to a tailor, for I am a stranger there, I -shall be greatly in your debt." - -"'Twill be a pleasure, sir," said the officer, glancing at the first -paper George had extended. "Will you give us the honor of breakfasting -with our mess? We are quartered in the farm-house yonder." - -George accepted, and the two young men walked down the road. - -To his surprise, George had sunk his own individuality. He had no idea -that it would be so easy or so interesting. He seemed to feel that he -was Richard Blount. He limped beside the officer down the road, and -chatted freely about the difficulties of his trip from Albany. There's a -difference between lying and acting, and our young Lieutenant, though he -did not know it, or perhaps had but discovered it, was an actor through -and through. - -He had caution enough not to embroider his narrative too freely, but -stuck closely to the main idea that he had memorized; and he found that -it was very easy to answer questions with questions--a common trick in -America, the subtlety of which had not seemed to penetrate the English -mind. - -He found also, to his surprise, that he entertained the others by his -assumption of a dry vein of humor. - -"I might as well have Richard amuse them," he thought to himself, and -made some remark about one of the thin horses which was being groomed in -the front yard. - -The officer laughed and ushered him into the little room. - -A handsome young man in his shirt sleeves was bending over the open -fireplace cooking something in a frying-pan. He looked over his shoulder -as George and the party entered. - -The young spy started. He remembered where he had seen this young man -before; he had dined with him at Mr. Wyeth's. - -"What have we here?" asked the officer. - -George's heart beat once more quite freely. - -"A hungry man," he responded, before any one could speak, "who would -stand you a bottle of Madeira for your mess of pottage." - -The other laughed, and soon Richard Blount was introduced. They inquired -over and over again concerning the strength of the American forces, and, -to tell the truth, the numbers did not suffer curtailing at George's -hands. - -"Why, for three days," he said, "I appeared to be crawling through the -midst of an army." - -"You did it well," responded one of the officers; "but, by the Dragon, -you look a little like an Indian." - -"'Tis no disgrace, sir," George answered quickly, affecting to be -angered at the other's tone. "'Tis an honor to be allied to the chiefs -of our Northern tribes. Perhaps you did not know--" He stopped. - -"Pardon me," said the one who had last spoken. "I did not mean it as you -have taken it. It was through my ignorance I spoke, as you assume." - -After the meal, which gave some excuse for shortening the conversation, -George asked to be sent down to the city. - -"Can't you send me with a guard of honor?" he asked. "I will pay well -for it." - -"I cannot spare the men," answered the first officer, politely, who -appeared to be in command of the picket, "but your neighbor on the right -is going to town. He will accompany you, and save you the trouble of -explaining and drawing out your papers at every cross-road." - -"Thank you for the offer," said George. "And can you recommend the best -inn that has a good cellar and table? for it seems to me that I have -lived on parched corn for the last twelvemonth." - -In a short time he was mounted on a spare horse, and was plying his -conductor with questions as they traversed the streets of the town of -Harlem and passed over the undulating hills dotted with handsome -residences that adorned Manhattan Island. As they came into the city the -ravages of the fire were visible to the westward; almost one-third of -the town had suffered. There appeared to be soldiers, soldiers -everywhere. They were quartered in every house, barracked in every large -building. They passed a gloomy-looking structure that had once been "The -City Farms." - -"For what do they use that?" inquired George. - -"'Tis jammed to the top with 'rebel' prisoners," replied the officer. "I -wish they could tow it out into the river and sink it there." - -George flushed hotly, but said nothing, and they made their way from the -King's Road into one of the cross streets. - -"You had best stop at the 'City Arms,'" said the officer. "I will come -to-morrow myself to conduct you to General Howe." - -"Thank you most kindly," said George. "But I must get some clothes -first. I could not appear before the honorable gentlemen in this -costume." - -"Do you intend seeking an appointment?" inquired his companion. - -"No," answered George; "I am lame." - -The officer reddened, for he was a gentleman. "I hope I shall see you -to-morrow then," he said. "Good-rest to you." - -They had halted before the inn with the broad verandas. The whole scene -looked very natural. Some church bell struck the hour, and a finely -emblazoned coach came bowling down Broadway. Red and the mark of the -crown were everywhere. George walked into the inn and called for the -landlord. Taking the handsomest room in the house, and kept to it, -feigning fatigue, the rest of that afternoon; how odd it seemed to Mr. -Richard Blount! When he came down for his dinner he noticed that the -landlord was unusually polite, and called him at once by name. He could -not help but smile, for he remembered how he had watched this fat -palm-rubbing individual stand in his doorway when he and his brother -William had gone on that well-remembered walk about the city only a few -years before. - -"Ah! Mr. Blount," said the landlord, "we are glad to have you here. I -know your family in Albany well, and your father has often been a guest -under my roof. My humble regards to him." - -"Indeed!" said George. "Have you seen any of my people lately?" - -"Your uncle, of course," the landlord responded. - -George's heart almost stopped beating. What if this uncle were in New -York at present? How foolish it was for him to have undertaken any -venture so certain of detection and surrounded with so many obstacles! - -"Oh, yes, yes!" went on the landlord. "He told me you were coming." - -"I wish I could see him," said George--adding to himself, "From a place -where he could not see me." - -"He will be away for some time. He has gone to Connecticut," said his -host. - -"Ah! indeed!" quoth young Frothingham, with a sigh of relief. Then he -added, below his breath, "I wish it were Kamchatka. I forgot that I had -an uncle. This will never do." But the humor of the situation struck -him, and he smiled. - -Sitting near a window he watched the groups passing up and down the -street. How easy it had been; no danger had confronted him as yet. -Everything seemed to fall into his hands. He began to whistle softly to -himself; then suddenly stopped and fairly shivered. The air he had been -whistling was "The White Cockade." He remembered how that tune and -"Yankee Doodle" had stirred the half-starving soldiers on the banks of -the Delaware. And this reminded him of something else. - -"Take care, Richard Blount, take care," he said, "or your Yankee blood -will get the better of you." - -He wrinkled his forehead in a perplexed way for a minute, and placed his -hand inside his coat. Yes, there it was, sewed up with the rest--the -letter of poor Luke Bonsall to his mother. It would be a sad thing to -break the news, but it was a trust. At last he went up stairs to his -room, and ripped the letters from his waistcoat lining. He had pasted -the cipher alphabet on a stiff bit of leather which hung from a cord -around his neck. Tacked loosely over it, so as to hide it carefully, was -a miniature of none other than Aunt Clarissa in her days of youth and -beauty. It was the only one he could procure, and a safe hiding-place it -would have made, for no one would have thought of looking back of a -lady's portrait, and especially Aunt Clarissa's, for an important Yankee -cipher. The magnifying-glass was covered with snuff in his small round -snuff-box. He lit a candle, and began to write carefully and -laboriously. It was late at night when he had finished. His chamber -window opened upon a sloping roof which was bordered by a high stone -wall. It was but the work of a moment to slip from the wall to the -ground. He found himself in Waddell Lane. The despatch which he had -written with the aid of the hieroglyphics was safe in his pocket, and -now for the post-box of the conspirators. - -A group of drunken soldiers reeled by him. One was singing at the top of -his voice. From the light of a window at his elbow George saw that it -was Corporal McCune, whom he remembered as the tall soldier to whom he -and his beloved brother had asserted their loyalty to the King when on -their first trip to the city. - -What surprised George the most as he walked along was the smoothness -with which everything had worked. Perhaps Colonel Hewes's reputation for -rashness was entirely undeserved. Though he did not know exactly as yet -what the project was in which he was to be a factor, yet, inflamed by -the excitement, he could not doubt its successful accomplishment. - -What the morrow would bring forth it was hard to tell. In the letter -which he had written, or, better, printed, he had told his name, who had -sent him, what he had come for, where he was stopping--in fact, had -given an accurate description of himself and his supposed individuality. -The letter added that he was waiting for his course of action to be -determined upon by any orders he might receive. - -It had again commenced to snow, and the board sidewalk was already -covered with the downy film of white. How well he remembered everything! -He knew the little shop across the way with the tops and candy jars in -the window. And here was the blacksmith's, where he had stood in the -doorway, with his arm around William's shoulder, and watched the sparks -fly, and heard the anvil sing and clang. Oh, what good times they were! -Would he ever have his arm around his brother's shoulder again, or would -he ever feel the comforting touch of William's arm about his own? -Thoughts began to rush through his mind, and the harder he thought the -faster he walked. - -But here he was at the orchard; here was the picket-fence. Now he -recalled the signal, for he bent down and picked up a branch. He broke -it into three pieces, and placed the first piece behind the third -picket, the second behind the sixth, and the third behind the ninth. -Colonel Hewes had instructed him to do this as a signal to the others of -his safe arrival. Then he walked to the turn-stile and stopped for a -minute, his heart beating fast. Even in the darkness, although objects -at a distance were most indistinct, he could see that footprints had -been lately made in the snow ahead of him. He stepped through the -turn-stile, keeping his eyes on the footprints ahead of him; they ran to -the second tree and stopped! Now, strange to say, the tracks ahead led -directly to the trunk of the second tree, and instinctively George felt -that whoever it was that made them was not far off. Without apparently -raising his head, he glanced up with his eyes, stumbling at the same -time in a way that might account for the slight halt. Yes, he had seen -it plainly. There was a figure sitting cross-legged on the lower branch, -so close that he could have touched it with a stick. On an occasion like -this thoughts must be quick, and George did the best thing that he could -have done, for he hastened across the orchard as if nothing had -occurred. When he reached the other side and the little lane that ran -from some farm buildings, he turned about the corner of a hay-stack. - -It was not hard for him to work himself a little way into the damp, -yielding hay. He waited patiently, and his patience was rewarded, for, -following the footprints that he had made, came a thick-set, muffled -figure in a voluminous cape. How a man as large as that could ever hoist -himself up on the branch of an apple-tree seven feet from the ground so -easily and so noiselessly he could not see, nor could he make out the -stranger's features. He was muffled to the eyes. When he had passed, the -young spy drew himself cautiously out of the hay, and walked after the -retreating footsteps, bending over, and keeping well behind the piles of -hay and fodder. But the other's hearing must have been acute, for he -paused. - -"What's that, I say?" came an intense voice. - -George thought he detected a sharp metallic clicking. It was the cocking -of the hammer of a pistol. - -The only answer to the man's hail, however, was the quick, -half-frightened barking of a dog. - -"Get out, you beast!" said the voice, and a bit of stick struck the -ground where George was crouching on all-fours. - -Further down the street the man passed by a lighted window. He turned -down his collar, and if George had been there, he would have been most -astounded. - -It was Rivington, the King's Printer! - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -SAMUEL A. ANDRÉE, THE NORTH-POLE BALLOONIST. - -BY WILFRID DE FOUVIELLE. - - -The year 1881 was a great date in North Pole exploration. The most -influential civilized nations sent out a dozen scientific parties to -study the peculiarities of those desolate regions as accurately as can -be determined without paying a visit to the centre of that mysterious -territory. - -The Swedish explorers made their headquarters at Cape Thorsden, on the -southeastern island of the Spitzberg archipelago. This expedition, led -by Mr. Elkholm, a distinguished physicist attached to the celebrated -Upsal University, achieved considerable success. The members returned -home in good condition, after having wintered in an excellent -observatory, collected a large number of important readings, and -carrying back hundreds of photograms, minerals, and specimens of -vegetable and animal life in that far northern land. - -The youngest member of this party was Mr. Samuel A. Andrée, son of an -apothecary in business near Stockholm, and a graduate of the Swedish -Polytechnic School. At that moment Mr. Andrée had not completed his -twenty-fifth year. He had been appointed a member of the scientific -staff through the influence of the Baron Nordenskjöld, the greatest -living Scandinavian polar explorer, and an intimate friend of the -Swedish King. Mr. Andrée's special duty on this first expedition was to -keep track of Sir William Thomson's (now Lord Kelvin) electrometers, and -to report on other scientific peculiarities. - -Mr. Andrée is a genuine offspring of the famous sea-kings. He is very -tall, powerfully built, with a prominent forehead, blue eyes, and a -forest of fair early hair, and is endowed with great muscular strength. -As for his mental capacities, he is a talented writer and speaker, and -can converse in German and English as fluently as in his native tongue, -while he speaks French well enough to make himself easily understood by -an audience. Mr. Andrée's practical education has not been neglected, -and he knows how to use a hammer, a file, or a chisel as well as any -trained workman. On account of his manual acquirements he was selected -by the chief of the exploring party to keep the registering apparatus in -order, a difficult and painful operation during the terrific cold of the -dreary polar nights. - -Before he had attained his thirtieth year Mr. Andrée received the -appointment of chief engineer of the Swedish Patent-Office. It is -probable that he would have devoted the whole of his life to the -performance of these attractive official duties had he not felt, during -his wintering in the northern regions, the irresistible spell of a more -risky and enticing vocation. When he visited me in Paris last summer on -his way to the International Geographical Congress, held in London, he -confessed that it was in the presence of those grand and impressive -scenes he had resolved to win for his native country the fame of having -reached the North Pole first. - -It was in 1889 that Mr. Andrée decided to make balloon ascensions. -Receiving aid from a Swedish scientific fund and from the Stockholm -Academy of Sciences, he had the _Swea_ built in Paris, under the -supervision of the Swedish Minister. (_Swea_ is the poetic name for -Sweden.) This balloon measured 30,000 cubic feet. Mr. Andrée's first -ascension took place from Stockholm on July 15, 1893. He was quite alone -in the car, and this enabled him to reach an altitude of 11,000 feet, -after having passed successively through two layers of clouds, -accurately ascertained the direction of the wind prevailing at several -levels, and studied other important scientific matters, which have -proved valuable to students in all branches of science the world over. -He published a graphic account of his first experiences in the -_Aftonbladet_, one of the most influential papers in Sweden, to which he -had previously been a popular contributor. In this account he described -his sensations as soon as he had lost sight of land, and also when he -perceived that he would be immersed in the sea unless he found a -serviceable breeze that would carry him towards land. Fortunately the -breeze came in time. - -[Illustration: ANDRÉE'S GUIDING SAIL.] - -On October 19th of the same year Mr. Andrée made another ascension, in -the course of which almost any inexperienced aeronaut would have been -lost. As soon as he had passed through a layer of clouds, which up to -that moment had entirely concealed the earth from view, he saw that he -was passing at an immense distance from land over the very centre of the -Baltic. With a calm hand he gently lowered his guide-rope, and observed -that the friction on the water was greatly diminishing the velocity with -which the wind was carrying the Swea away from the sea-ports, where he -could reasonably expect to be rescued by casual ships. Then he tried to -reduce the velocity even more by attaching two sacks of ballast to the -end of his guide-rope. This simple combination, conceived under the -pressure of a great danger, led him to a discovery. He found that he -could make the balloon turn slightly to the right or left by using a -sail when lowering the guide-rope, not only on sea, but on a vast -expanse of land. Mr. Andrée tried this important experiment during an -ascension made on July 14, 1894, at Gottenburg. The change of course -that he obtained with a moderate-sized sail and a heavy guide-rope was -estimated from ten to thirty degrees, not only as shown by his compass, -but also according to the testimony of competent persons who had -witnessed this extraordinary ascension, when, for the first time, a man -had made a balloon sail on the wind. - -[Illustration: IN THE CAR OF THE SWEA.] - -An eventful ending was reserved for this ascension, during which the -young Swedish engineer had so cleverly combined the force of the wind -with the friction it generates, and utilized both for varying at will -the direction of the balloon to the right or left from the air current. -The sun was fast declining when Mr. Andrée conceived for the first time -this great idea, which may prove so useful for reaching the North Pole. -He soon observed a small island straight ahead in the direction he was -then following, and at once threw out a sack of ballast. His guide-rope -was freed from the waves in an instant, and the Swea darted forward at a -rapid rate for the desired land. Ten minutes had not elapsed when Mr. -Andrée saw, with a feeling of deep satisfaction and even rapture, the -shore lying about a hundred yards directly under his feet. Then he threw -his whole weight on his valve-rope, hundreds of cubic feet of gas -instantly escaped, the Swea struck land with a shock, and the car was -overturned. Our aeronaut, to his great satisfaction, was thrown, at full -length on the ground. - -Being young in the art of balloon management, Mr. Andrée could not -imagine how quickly events happen in aerial navigation. Before he could -grasp a rope the Swea had vanished in the air, and he was left alone on -the island, without any food or covering, exposed to the cold of those -latitudes during a long and dismal October night. Naturally enough, he -found in his pocket a box of matches, for the manufacture of these -useful objects is a specialty in his native country. He gathered a few -dry weeds and dead shrubs and lighted a fire. While warming his tired -and hungry body he had plenty of time to meditate over the hardships of -his unenviable position. The island, which seemed allotted to him by -fate, was not two furlongs long and one wide, and had no water. It was -one of the thousand rocky and barren islets composing the Finnish -archipelago, and there was but slight possibility that any vessel sent -from Sweden could discover his retreat in time to save him from the most -terrible of fates, death from hunger and thirst. - -As soon as the sun was up on the following morning Mr. Andrée ran to the -crest of a little rocky eminence, and kept screaming at the top of his -voice for more than an hour. Then he sat down exhausted and burst into -tears. Finally his swollen eyes perceived a cloud of smoke upon the -horizon. Surely it must be a steamer! No doubt the steamer was rapidly -nearing the island! The unfortunate aeronaut wrecked from the skies was -about to be rescued! In his joy he danced and resumed his screamings. -For a while he was elated. He had some right to believe that he had been -seen from the deck, as the ship was steering straight towards the -island. But the vessel changed its course, and in spite of the -balloonist's piercing cries, disappeared. - -This unlucky departure would have driven many a resolute man to despair. -For Mr. Andrée it was a lesson. He at once understood that it was -impossible for any one on a vessel to see a human figure on this -desolate island, and that he must contrive a more showy signal than his -body, notwithstanding he was tall and strongly built. After having -meditated for half an hour--an eternity under the circumstances--he made -a sort of stout stick by tying together with weeds a lot of branches -torn from the shrubs. At the end of this stick he attached his trousers, -and waved them wildly over his head, after having mounted to the top of -the hill. - -[Illustration: ANDRÉE'S ESCAPE FROM THE ISLAND.] - -This unnamed island where Mr. Andrée was left is situated a few miles -from Brunskär, which has two houses. One of the two is owned by a -tailor, who goes around once or twice a week in a boat to visit his -customers, who are dispersed over the archipelago. Of course the -tailor's eyes were attracted by the sight of a pair of trousers floating -in the air, and he rowed to the spot to see what such a signal meant. -And this is how Mr. Andrée was restored to life, and thus enabled to -pursue his grand idea of reaching the North Pole in a balloon. - -Having given some idea of Mr. Andrée's career, and shown a few traits of -his energetic character, I purpose, as soon as possible, to tell my -young readers the story of the preparations he is now making for this -great aerial voyage, which is attracting the interest of scientific -people all over the world. Mr. Andrée will start on this perilous voyage -some time this year, probably in July, if he can get all things ready by -that time. His friend, Mr. Elkholm, will accompany him, and it is not -impossible that the explorers may land somewhere in America, after -having passed, perhaps, over the North Pole, or at least very near it. - -[Illustration: SAMUEL A. ANDRÉE.] - - - - -A BATTER THAT WORKS THREE WAYS. - - -With very slight change one may convert the same material into several -varieties of fancy bread. Southern cooks understand this so well that -they frequently set aside a mixture, after having supplied the -breakfast-table with griddle-cakes, only to have it reappear at luncheon -in quite different guise--as "pone," muffins, egg-bread, or "pop-overs." -If kept in a cool place an ordinary batter will remain sweet for -twenty-four hours, and the addition of an egg or a spoonful of -baking-powder will quickly restore its lightness. - -By way of proving the many-sidedness of certain mixtures, let us see how -the use of muffin-cups, waffle-irons, and frying-pan will alter results, -and turn out for us "Virginia puffs," "Aunt Sally's waffles," and "bell -fritters." The necessary ingredients for all three dainties are: 1 quart -of milk; 1-1/2 pints of flour (half a pint to be set aside for fritters, -which require more than puffs or waffles); 4 eggs; a table-spoonful of -butter and lard combined; a heaping teaspoonful of baking-powder; a -small teaspoonful of salt. - -The Virginia puffs will require everything except the half-pint of flour -reserved for fritters. - -Set aside a coffee-cup of milk, and put the rest in a farina-kettle over -a brisk fire. - -Sift a pint of flour into a bowl. Gradually pour over it the coffee-cup -of cold milk, heating until it becomes a smooth paste. By this time the -remainder of the milk will be hot enough (it must not boil) to stir -little by little into the paste. Next add the butter, lard, and salt, -then the baking-powder mixed in a little dry flour. - -Now beat, beat, beat with a big spoon and plenty of muscle, for the -success and puffiness of your puffs depend largely on the amount of -energy expended on them. - -Whisk the whites of two eggs to a stiff froth. Beat the whites of two -and yolks of three together, very light, and beat them into the batter, -the frothed whites last. - -Have your muffin-cups hot and well buttered. Pour in the mixture, and -bake twenty to twenty-five minutes in a quick oven. Serve the moment -they are up to the top of the cups and a nice brown color, otherwise -they will fall and grow sodden. - -The same receipt, minus baking-powder and lard, makes excellent waffles. -If you like them thick and soft, fill the irons well with batter. If -they are preferred thin and crisp, use less. Should they still seem too -solid, thin with a little milk. - -The secret of good waffles is the cooking. The irons must be constantly -turned over a steady fire to prevent blistering or scorching and to give -to both sides an appearance of evenness. Never wait to bake a quantity, -but serve as fast as the iron turns them out. - -When you have reached the point mentioned in directions for Virginia -puffs where the quart of milk has been stirred into a pint of flour, -leave the paste to grow cold. Before dinner beat in the four eggs and a -half-pint of dry flour. - -These fritters are delicious with a hot sauce for dessert, but may be -metamorphosed into an entrée by the addition of bananas, apples, or -apricots, cut small and stirred lightly into the batter at the last -moment before frying. - -Put a pound or more of best leaf lard in a deep iron skillet, and let it -come to a boil. Dip the fritter mixture up in a large kitchen spoon. -Hold over the skillet, and cut it from the spoon with a knife. It will -fall into the hot lard somewhat in the form of the bowl of the spoon. -The name "bell" implies that they should not be flat and shapeless, but -nicely rounded. - - - - -AN AWAKENING. - -BY JOHN KENDRICK BANGS. - - - I used to think that Fido was a most exciting pet; - He'd come up in the morning and beneath the bed-clothes get, - And play that he was savage, and go biting at my toes; - But now he doesn't scare me--little Fi no longer goes. - - I used to think our gardener a hero great and grand, - The biggest man of all the big in all our great big land; - But now I take no stock in him; he doesn't interest, - Although to make a wonder he just tries his level best. - - You see, somebody gave me, not so very long ago, - A little book of fairy tales--it's wonderful, you know, - To read about the fearful things they do in books like that. - And it's what's made old Fido and the gardener seem flat. - - I want a dragon for a pet--a dragon big and fierce-- - That feeds on fire and powder, with a glance that seems to pierce, - I sort of don't get wrought up by old Fido when I read - Of how that fierce old dragon takes in lions for his feed. - - And as for John the garden man, he doesn't seem to me - One half the hero that one time I thought that he must be, - For he don't kill off giants, like Hop o' my Thumb and Jack, - And all my liking for his tales is growing very slack. - - So, daddy, get a dragon that will jump into my bed - Each morning when the sun comes up, and sniff about my head - The way old Fido does, and let the market garden go - To some real ogre-killer, like Great Jacky was, you know. - - - - -A BLOW FOR CUBA. - -BY WILLIAM BANKS, JUN. - - -It was a very hot day even for Cuba. Every living thing moved listlessly. -The great Spanish flag, hanging from the tall slender staff just inside -the gate of the fort, drooped like the wings of a tired bird. The -sentries were almost gasping for breath. In the barracks the men -grumbled and railed at the fate which had brought them from home and -friends to fight in a country where fever thinned their ranks far more -effectively than did the bullets of the insurgents. - -On a slight hill about a mile from the fort a man and a youth were -lolling lazily on the ground. The lad was about eighteen years of age, -tall, well-built, and unmistakably an American. His companion, a native -Cuban, was at least thirty years old, short, but with a frame denoting -immense strength. - -They had been watching the fort for an hour or more through a powerful -field-glass, and following closely the movements of the sentries on the -wall nearest them. - -"Pah!" said the lad at last, "they're only a lot of boys." - -The man smiled at him meaningly, and the lad blushed. - -"I know," he continued, hesitatingly, "that you're thinking I'm just a -boy too; but," proudly, "I'm an American." - -"So," answered the man, softly; "and had I a few score such lads as you -in my command I'd strike a great blow for Cuba to-day." - -"How, Captain Marto?" was the eager question. - -"By taking yonder fort by storm," was the quiet reply. - -The youth's father was a prisoner in the fort, and the incidents which -led up to his capture may be here described. For five years Mr. Hinton, -a native of Pennsylvania State, had resided with his son Ben in Havana, -where he carried on business as a general merchant. His wife had died -while on a visit to her old American home. Among Cubans Mr. Hinton was -well known as a sympathizer in their cause. Immediately on receipt of -the news in Havana that General Antonio Maceo had taken the field he -decided to lend his active aid to the Cuban leader. Not wishing his son -to share in the dangers of a struggle in which he knew that the -Spaniards would show no mercy to any who took up arms against them, Mr. -Hinton had suggested that Ben go back to relatives in America. This -proposition the lad stoutly opposed. Ben knew by heart the stories of -the brave efforts which the Cubans had so often made in their attempts -to throw off the Spanish yoke. The names of Maceo, Gomez, Marto, and -other revolutionists were held in high estimation by him, and, with that -intense love of freedom inherited by every American boy, he had -determined, long before he knew his father's views on the subject, to -strike a blow in the coming struggle for Cuban independence. His father -was at last compelled to consent to Ben's accompanying him. - -Accordingly, one evening Mr. Hinton, Marto, and Ben left Havana -secretly. By travelling at night, and lying concealed during the day in -the huts of natives, and sometimes in the woods, they reached the -outskirts of the province of Puerto Principe. Here, at the little -village in which Marto was born, thirty natives joined them. Marto was -elected captain of the band. Feeling somewhat secure, on account of -their numbers, the band travelled through the country by day, taking the -most direct route for Maceo's camp. But one morning they were suddenly -surrounded by an overwhelming force of Spanish soldiers. With desperate -courage, Captain Marto, Ben, and some twenty-five men cut their way out -of the cordon of soldiers and sought safety in flight. - -It was not until the Spaniards gave up the chase that any one noticed -that Mr. Hinton was not with the party. Poor Ben was in a frenzy, and, -but for Captain Marto and a couple of men restraining him by force, -would have rushed back to the scene of the conflict to seek for his -father. Wiser counsel prevailed, however, and towards evening a man who -joined the party brought comparative happiness to Ben by the report that -he had watched from the woods a party of Spanish soldiers marching along -with an American prisoner in their midst. The description of the -prisoner tallied so closely with that of Mr. Hinton as to leave no doubt -of his identity. - -Then Marto, who loved Mr. Hinton as a brother, had determined that, at -whatever cost, his American friend must be rescued. - -"Why," he had said to Ben, "I dare not go to Maceo without him, and I -would not if I could. Tho General is expecting him, and will give him a -command as soon as he arrives at the camp." - -"Which," Ben had answered, gloomily enough, "will never be." - -"Which," Marto had retorted, somewhat testily, "must and will be." - -Two days after the fight they located the fort which was the -headquarters of the soldiers who had attacked them, and it was this Ben -and Captain Marto were watching when our story opens. The band had spent -three days in the neighborhood, but as yet had not even succeeded in -letting the prisoner know that his friends had not totally deserted him. - -The fort was a very rude affair, the walls being constructed of two -thicknesses of logs with earth packed between. An earthen embankment ran -around the inner side of the walls, and at such a height that when the -soldiers appeared on it their bodies from the waist up offered a -splendid target to an enemy. Some two hundred and fifty men formed the -garrison, and they were quartered in a huge two-storied log barracks in -the centre of the enclosed ground. In front of the barracks, and about -twenty feet from it, was a small hut, in which Ben and Captain Marto, by -the aid of the field-glass, had learnt Mr. Hinton was confined. - -Continuing their conversation, Captain Marto and Ben had decided that -the attempted rescue must be made that night. They knew that the great -heat would have a depressing effect on the Spaniards, and they knew also -that after nightfall not more than three sentries patrolled the walls of -the fort. Many plans were discussed whereby success might reasonably be -expected to attend their venture, but the one upon which it was finally -decided to act was suggested by Ben. - -[Illustration: MARTO GRASPED THE SENTRY AND THREW HIM OVER THE WALL.] - -In accordance with that plan, after the night was well advanced, Captain -Marto and Ben, with eight men, lay in the shadows under the eastern wall -of the fort. They listened until they heard the sentry walk past the -position they occupied, and then Marto, mounting upon the shoulders of -two of the men, scrambled to the top of the wall. He dropped softly to -the embankment, and lay as close to the logs as he possibly could. -Shortly the sentry came along on his return patrol, humming a Spanish -song. He did not notice the prostrate form until he almost trod upon it. -It was then too late to give a warning, for Marto sprang up, and with -all the strength of which he was capable, struck the man full on the -mouth, and followed this up immediately by grasping him around the waist -and fairly throwing him over the wall. Here a dozen hands quickly -grasped the soldier, who was gagged and bound before he could utter a -cry. - -Then one by one the Cubans with Ben scrambled up, and the whole ten made -a rush for the small hut. Three sleepy guards were cut down in a few -seconds, the door of the building was forced open, and Mr. Hinton was -led out by his son. - -"Dad! dear old Dad!" cried Ben. - -"Ben! my boy!" was the answer, and the voices of father and son betrayed -deep emotion. - -At this moment a shot was fired, and a sentry on the western wall fell. -Instantly a tremendous hubbub arose within the barracks, and the -Spaniards, some of whom had already been aroused by the scuffle with Mr. -Hinton's guards, began to pour out of the building. All were armed, -though many were only half dressed; but before they had time to load -their rifles the remaining Cubans, who had got into the ground by way of -the western wall, joined Captain Marto and those with him, and the -little band of twenty-five flung themselves on the Spaniards. - -While the fighting was going on Ben suddenly found himself thrust -against something, which proved to be the flag-pole, and, looking up, -discovered the Spanish flag waving overhead. The idea at once occurred -to him to take advantage of the laxity of discipline among the Spanish -troops. He hauled on the ropes, but for some reason they would not work. -Placing his clasp-knife between his teeth, he climbed the staff, until -he clasped the folds of the flag with his left hand; then he was -compelled to sever the halyards with his knife. - -From his airy perch Ben turned his eyes in the direction of the -struggle. He could barely distinguish the outlines of the surging mass -of men. But high above the din of oaths and cries in Spanish, the clash -of bayonet, sword-blade, and the favorite Cuban weapon, the machete, -arose the exulting cry: "Cuba libre! Cuba libre!" - -The lad's soul was thrilled. "Surely," he muttered to himself, "Cuba for -the Cubans will soon be a fact and not a dream. But they must retire." - -Even as the word left his lips, a single long shrill note from a whistle -pierced the air. It was a prearranged signal, and it came none too soon; -for now, somewhat recovered from the suddenness of the attack, the -Spaniards, realizing the small force opposed to them, were driving the -Cubans back by sheer weight of numbers. - -At the signal, however, the Cubans retired with surprising swiftness, -carrying with them the bodies of several of their comrades who had -fallen. As they passed the staff Ben slipped down amongst them, the flag -bundled up under his left arm. The gate had already been opened by two -Cubans, who had been assigned that duty. The whole band rushed through, -three or four men in mere bravado lingering to pull the gate to after -them. - -As they fled several Spaniards mounted the embankment and sent a volley -after them, one bullet striking Ben's left arm. A little cry of pain -escaped him, but he clinched his teeth, and grasping the flag still -tighter, hurried on. - -No pursuit was made, and after placing two miles between themselves and -the fort, a halt was called. Torches were lit, and by their fitful glare -it was found that of the Cubans who had to be carried away none were -dead, although in some cases the wounds were serious. When Ben produced -the flag, all stained with his own blood, the impulsive Cubans showered -such praise upon him that the lad felt almost shamed. His father said -very little, but Ben knew by the silent hand-shake and the care for the -wounded arm that Mr. Hinton was proud of his son. - -The rest of the journey to Maceo's camp partook of the nature of a -triumphal procession. The news of the gallant deeds of Marto's little -band roused the whole countryside, and in a few weeks' time what had -formerly been a quiet district was in arms against the Spaniard. - -When Maceo's camp was reached Mr. Hinton, Marto, and Ben were at once -conducted into his presence. He began to compliment Marto, but the -latter interrupted respectfully. - -"Sir, it was my gallant comrade here," pointing to Ben, "who planned the -affair and captured the flag. To him the honor is due." - -General Maceo stepped up to Ben and clasped the lad's right hand warmly -in his own. - -"What can I do for you, my hero?" he asked. - -"Let me continue to fight in your cause," was the modest answer. - -And, under the immediate command of his father, Ben Hinton is still -fighting for Cuba. - - - - -THE MIDDLE DAUGHTER. - -BY MARGARET E. SANGSTER. - -CHAPTER II. - -AT WISHING-BRAE. - - -Grace Wainwright, a slender girl in a trim tailor-made gown, stepped off -the train at Highland Station. She was pretty and distinguished looking. -Nobody would have passed her without observing that. Her four trunks and -a hat-box had been swung down to the platform by the baggage-master, and -the few passengers who, so late in the fall, stopped at this little -out-of-the-way station in the hills had all tramped homeward through the -rain, or been picked up by waiting conveyances. There was no one to meet -Grace, and it made her feel homesick and lonely. As she stood alone on -the rough unpainted board walk in front of the passenger-room a sense of -desolation crept into the very marrow of her bones. She couldn't -understand it, this indifference on the part of her family. The ticket -agent came out and was about to lock the door. He was going home to his -mid-day dinner. - -"I am Grace Wainwright," she said, appealing to him. "Do you not suppose -some one is coming to meet me?" - -"Oh, you be Dr. Wainwright's darter that's been to foreign parts, be -you? Waal, miss, the doctor he can't come because he's been sent for to -set Mr. Stone's brother's child's arm that he broke jumping over a -fence, running away from a snake. But I guess somebody'll be along soon. -Like enough your folks depended on Mr. Burden; he drives a stage, and -reckons to meet passengers and take up trunks, but he's sort o' half -baked, an' he's afraid to bring his old horse out when it rains--'fraid -it'll catch the rheumatiz. You better step over to my house 'long o' me; -somebody'll be here in the course of an hour." - -Grace's face flushed. It took all her pride to keep back a rush of -angry, hurt tears. To give up Paris, and Uncle Ralph and Aunt Hattie, -and her winter of music and art, and come to the woods and be treated in -this way! She was amazed and indignant. But her native good sense showed -her there was, there must be, some reason for what looked like neglect. -Then came a tender thought of mamma. She wouldn't treat her thus. - -"Did a telegram from me reach Dr. Wainwright last evening?" Grace -inquired, presently. - -The agent fidgeted and looked confused. Then he said coolly: "That -explains the whole situation now. A despatch did come, and I calc'lated -to send it up to Wishin'-Brae by somebody passing, but nobody came along -goin' in that direction, and I clean forgot it. It's too bad; but you -step right over to my house and take a bite. There'll be a chance to get -you home some time to-day." - -At this instant, "Is this Grace Wainwright?" exclaimed a sweet, clear -voice, and two arms were thrown lovingly around the tired girl. "I am -Mildred Raeburn, and this is Lawrence, my brother. We were going over to -your house, and may we take you? I was on an errand there for mamma. -Your people didn't know just when to look for you, dear, not hearing -definitely, but we all supposed you would come on the five-o'clock -train. Mr. Slocum, please see that Miss Wainwright's trunks are put -under cover till Burden's express can be sent for them." Mildred stepped -into the carryall after Grace, giving her another loving hug. - -"Mildred, how dear of you to happen here at just the right moment, like -an angel of light! You always did that. I remember when we were little -things at school. It is ages since I was here, but nothing has changed." - -"Nothing ever changes in Highland, Grace. I am sorry you see it again -for the first on this wet and dismal day. But to-morrow will be -beautiful, I am sure." - -"Lawrence, you have grown out of my recollection," said Grace. "But -we'll soon renew our acquaintance. I met your chum at Harvard, Edward -Gerald, at Geneva, and he drove with our party to Paris." Then turning -to Mildred: "My mother is no better, is she? Dear, patient mother! I've -been away too long." - -"She is no better," replied Mildred, gently, "but then she is no worse. -Mrs. Wainwright will be so happy when she has her middle girl by her -side again. She's never gloomy, though. It's wonderful." - -They drove on silently. Mildred took keen notice of every detail of -Grace's dress--the blue cloth gown and jacket, simple but modish, with -an air no Highland dressmaker could achieve, for who on earth out of -Paris can make anything so perfect as a Paris gown, in which a pretty -girl is sure to look like a dream? The little toque on the small head -was perched over braids of smooth brown hair, the gloves and boots were -well-fitting, and Grace Wainwright carried herself finely. This was a -girl who could walk ten miles at a stretch, ride a wheel or a horse at -pleasure, drive, play tennis or golf, or do whatever else a girl of the -period can. She was both strong and lovely, one saw that. - -What could she do besides! Mildred, with the reins lying loosely over -old Whitefoot's back, thought and wondered. There was opportunity for -much at the Brae. - -Lawrence and Grace chatted eagerly as the old pony climbed hills and -descended valleys, till at last he paused at a rise in the path, then -went on, and there, the ground dipping down like the sides of a cup, in -the hollow at the bottom lay the straggling village. - -"Yes," said Grace, "I remember it all. There is the post-office, and -Doremus's store, and the little inn, the church with the white spire, -the school-house, and the manse. Drive faster, please, Mildred. I want -to see my mother. Just around that fir grove should be the old home of -Wishing-Brae." - -Tears filled Grace's eyes. Her heart beat fast. - -The Wainwrights' house stood at the end of a long willow-bordered lane. -As the manse carryall turned into this from the road a shout was heard -from the house. Presently a rush of children tearing toward the -carriage, and a chorus of "Hurrah, here is Grace!" announced the delight -of the younger ones at meeting their sister. Mildred drew up at the -doorstop, Lawrence helped Grace out, and a fair-haired older sister -kissed her and led her to the mother sitting by the window in a great -wheeled chair. - -The Raeburns hurried away. As they turned out of the lane they met Mr. -Burden with his cart piled high with Grace's trunks. - -"Where shall my boxes be carried, sister?" said Grace, a few minutes -later. She was sitting softly stroking her mother's thin white hand, the -mother gazing with pride and joy into the beautiful blooming face of her -stranger girl, who had left her a child. - -"My middle girl, my precious middle daughter," she said, her eyes -filling with tears. "Miriam, Grace, and Eva, now I have you all about -me, my three girls. I am a happy woman, Gracie." - -"Hallo!" came up the stairs; "Burden's waiting to be paid. He says it's -a dollar and a quarter. Who's got the money? There never is any money in -this house." - -"Hush, Robbie!" cried Miriam, looking over the railing. "The trunks will -have to be brought right up here, of course. Set them into our room, and -after they are unpacked we'll put them into the garret. Mother, is there -any change in your pocket-book?" - -"Don't trouble mamma," said Grace, waking up to the fact that there was -embarrassment in meeting this trifling charge. "I have money;" and she -opened her dainty purse for the purpose--a silvery alligator thing with -golden clasps and her monogram on it in jewels, and took out the money -needed. Her sisters and brother had a glimpse of bills and silver in -that well-filled purse. - -"Jiminy!" said Robbie to James. "Did you see the money she's got? Why, -father never had as much as that at once." - -Which was very true. How should a hard-working country doctor have money -to carry about when his bills were hard to collect, when anyway he never -kept books, and when his family, what with feeding and clothing and -schooling expenses, cost more every year than he could possibly earn? -Poor Doctor Wainwright! He was growing old and bent under the load of -care and expense he had to carry. While he couldn't collect his own -bills, because it is unprofessional for a doctor to dun, people did not -hesitate to dun him. All this day, as he drove from house to house, over -the weary miles, up hill and down, there was a song in his heart. He was -a sanguine man. A little bit of hope went a long way in encouraging this -good doctor, and he felt sure that better days would dawn for him now -that Grace had come home. A less hopeful temperament would have been apt -to see rocks in the way, the girl having been so differently educated -from the others, and accustomed to luxuries which they had never known. -Not so her father. He saw everything in rose-color. - -As Doctor Wainwright towards evening turned his horse's head homeward he -was rudely stopped on a street corner by a red-faced, red-bearded man, -who presented him with a bill. The man grumbled out sullenly, with a -scowl on his face: - -"Doctor Wainwright, I'm sorry to bother you, but this bill has been -standing a long time. It will accommodate me very much if you can let me -have something on account next Monday. I've got engagements to -meet--pressing engagements, sir." - -"I'll do my best, Potter," said the doctor. Where he was to get any -money by Monday he did not know, but, as Potter said, the money was due. -He thrust the bill into his coat pocket and drove on, half his pleasure -in again seeing his child clouded by this encounter. Pulling his gray -mustache, the world growing dark as the sun went down, the father's -spirits sank to zero. He had peeped at the bill. It was larger than he -had supposed, as bills are apt to be. Two hundred dollars! And he -couldn't borrow, and there was nothing more to mortgage. And Grace's -coming back had led him to sanction the purchase of a new piano, to be -paid for by instalments. The piano had been seen going home a few days -before, and every creditor the doctor had, seeing its progress, had been -quick to put in his claim, reasoning very naturally that if Doctor -Wainwright could afford to buy a new piano, he could equally afford to -settle his old debts, and must be urged to do so. - -The old mare quickened her pace as she saw her stable door ahead of her. -The lines hung limp and loose in her master's hands. Under the pressure -of distress about this dreadful two hundred dollars he had forgotten to -be glad that Grace was again with them. - -Doctor Wainwright was an easy-going as well as a hopeful sort of man, -but he was an honest person, and he knew that creditors have a right to -be insistent. It distressed him to drag around a load of debt. For days -together the poor doctor had driven a long way round rather than to pass -Potter's store on the main street, the dread of some such encounter and -the shame of his position weighing heavily on his soul. It was the -harder for him that he had made it a rule never to appear anxious before -his wife. Mrs. Wainwright had enough to bear in being ill and in pain. -The doctor braced himself and threw back his shoulders as if casting off -a load, as the mare, of her own accord, stopped at the door. - -[Illustration: "HERE I AM,YOUR MIDDLE DAUGHTER, DEAREST." - -The house was full of light. Merry voices overflowed in rippling speech -and laughter. Out swarmed the children to meet papa, and one sweet girl -kissed him over and over. "Here I am," she said, "your middle daughter, -dearest. Here I am." - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -A SURE CURE. - - - Poor Bobby's sick! Dear little lad, - He's got a pain; it hurts him awful bad. - Just see his face! - In every line of it a trace - Of how he suffers from that pain. - What's that? His plate is back again - For buckwheat cakes? Oho, I see! - 'Tis nearly nine o'clock. Ho!--hum!--tell me - What is this woe - That lays poor Bobby low - Each morning just at school-time, yet so fleet is? - Is it the olden time Nineoelockitis - That as a boy I had so frequently? - That comes at half past eight, and seems to last - From then till nine, or say a quarter past, - And then departs, and leaves him all the day - With twice the strength with which to go and play? - Oh--well--if this be so - I'll worry not. The symptoms well I know. - Only, instead of cakes to cure his ills, - Take him a spoon and fill it up with squills, - And by to-morrow - I doubt he'll suffer from his present sorrow. - - - - -A STRANGE DISCOVERY. - -BY HUBERT EARL. - - -Napoleon and his army of soldiers were marching across the Alps in -Switzerland before descending into Italy upon that famous campaign in -which all Italy bowed low to the French conqueror. Up the long steep -slopes the soldiers toiled in the shadow of the frowning and overhanging -cliffs. Here and there patches of bare rock appeared, where the snow had -been swept off by the fierce gusts of wind. For miles the army was -strung along the roads, and wearily the men walked as they struggled -with the heavy cannon. These cannon were mounted on improvised sleds, -and the soldiers pulled them over the snow with ropes. At times one of -the sleds would slip and tumble over a precipice, carrying with it a -number of the men who were dragging it along. The air was bitterly cold, -and many of the soldiers died on the road, or from weakness fell off the -cliffs, to be dashed to pieces on the rocks below. - -An officer had been riding back and forth along his command most of the -day, helping here and encouraging there, and by kindly acts urging his -men to bravely laugh off their despondency. Cold, frozen, poorly clad, -and with but little to eat, such conditions were too crushing to arouse -much enthusiasm among the soldiers, but a faint cheer time and again -reached this officer's ears as he shouted his commands. - -Darkness was gathering fast, and it was desirable that this officer's -detachment should reach a small plateau some distance ahead before -camping for the night. In order to reach this it was necessary to cross -a narrow dangerous part of the road with a sharp descent of some hundred -feet on one side and the walls of a cliff on the other. - -The officer stood at the narrowest part directing the way. Most of the -detachment had passed the spot and three cannon had already made the -passage. The last one, larger than any of the others, was being slowly -but surely worked over, when there was a sudden sinking of the snow, -several shouts, and the heavy iron cannon commenced toppling over the -cliff. - -"Throw a rope over the end there, quick!" shouted the officer, at the -same time grasping the rope attached to the forward end. But it was too -late, or else the frozen hands of the soldiers prevented their working -lively, and all but two of those having hold of the rope that was -attached dropped it in fear of being pulled over the cliff. - -Down it went into the black depths of the narrow crevice between the -mountains, and with it went the two men who had kept their hold, and -also the brave officer, for when the others had dropped the rope it had -become entangled in his feet. A short, despairing cry was all that rose -on the night air to tell the tale of those three deaths. Napoleon's -soldiers were too accustomed to such sights and the hopelessness of an -attempt at rescue to do more than shudder and move stubbornly on. -Through many such scenes the army made its way over the Alps. - -Many years later, in the summer of 1847, a party of people were taking a -pleasure trip through Europe, and had stopped at one of the small -villages at the foot of the mountains. From here they made occasional -trips, exploring the surrounding neighborhood. In the party was a -geologist, who was making studies of the geological formations of the -Alps. Such work took him into unfrequented spots. - -On one of these expeditions he wandered one day into a narrow chasm and -slowly worked along, making notes of the walls of stone that rose above -his head, seemingly coming together where he could see a narrow rift of -light. As he stumbled along, now and then stopping to examine a loose -stone, he came across a log-shaped rock. Upon closer inspection, -however, he saw it was an old rusty cannon, and sitting down upon it, he -fell to musing how it came there. - -He had noted that the cannon was of a make used during Napoleon's time, -and concluded that it must be one of those that were lost over the -precipice when the great general had crossed into Italy. Stooping down, -he poked into its mouth, mechanically scraping out the dirt that had -accumulated there, and idly thought of the brave soldiers of those days. -Suddenly he noticed a leathern book, in fairly good condition, lying in -the little heap of dirt he had scraped out. Picking it up he opened it -and found it full of papers. Thinking then that it was of no great -importance, he placed it in his pocket and retraced his steps to the -village. That evening he examined its contents, and among some papers -relating to an old estate he found the following scrawl: - -"I, one of Napoleon's officers, fell from the cliff above, dragged over -by a rope attached to this cannon. The two men that fell with me were -instantly killed, as I have not heard them moan nor seen them move. My -leg and left arm are broken, and I know that I am hurt internally. -Fortunately, I struck but once while falling, and then this soft bed of -snow prevented instant death. I have enough strength left to write this -and stick it into the mouth of the cannon, for possibly some one may -discover it. My papers and such as will prove the right to certain -property will be found in the leathern book, and I beg the finder will -place them in the hands of the proper owners. My strength is leaving me -and I must stop--" (Here followed the signature.) - -Among the papers was found the right to an estate of considerable value, -and when, after great difficulty, the descendants and owners were -traced, it was discovered that the family had suffered more or less -privation from the loss of these papers, restored after so many years. - - - - -WHAT IT MEANS TO RUN AN OCEAN GREYHOUND. - -BY THE CAPTAIN OF THE "NEW YORK." - - -Above all, it means unceasing vigilance. It is said that a man who rides -often over the same road can fall asleep in the saddle and still travel -it safely. Such a man would be drummed out of the steamship service. -Every man who has to do with the sailing of an ocean greyhound must be -on the alert every moment of his tour of duty. No matter how many scores -of times he may have sailed over the route between New York and -Southampton, he must be constantly on the lookout for all that he can -read in sea and sky, or in the earth beneath the sea. For two things he -is responsible--the safety and speed with which the journey is made. -Nothing else appeals to him. The greatest orator of the finest singer in -the world might appear and perform on deck, and I doubt whether the men -on the bridge would see him or hear him. The ship is like a great -cannon-ball that has been shot out of one port to strike the other. The -officers of the ship are to make that cannon-ball go true to the mark -without deviating in the least degree from the course. That duty is so -absorbing that nothing else can be allowed to interfere with it. - -Gales cannot stop nor fogs hinder the swift passage of the transatlantic -liner. She flies onward with what seems to be an entire disregard of -storms. But these things are not disregarded. They are grappled with and -fought against, and man triumphs over the fury of the elements. Nothing -is left to chance. Every emergency that experience or imagination can -suggest is prepared for and studied out long in advance. Friends -sometimes ask the captain of a great ship if the nervous strain does not -exhaust him; if he is not depressed by the responsibility for so many -hundreds of lives and so many millions of dollars worth of property. The -answer to that question is always no. If the captain were to give -himself up to such reflections he would be unfit for his position. The -captain's experience is long and varied before he becomes master of an -ocean greyhound. His responsibility is small at first, but constantly -grows greater, until he is no more worried by it than you would be -worried by having to drive a pair of ponies. - -The best ships of to-day are gigantic compared with the best of twenty -or even fifteen years ago. The _New York_ is 565 feet long, and of 63 -feet beam. She extends 27 feet beneath the water. These mere figures do -not convey much of an impression of her size. If she should be lifted -out of the water, however, she would fill Broadway, from curb-stone to -curb-stone, from Chambers Street to Park Place, and a man standing on -her bridge could easily look into the fifth story of the houses on -either side. A ship of this size costs more than two millions of -dollars. Her engines have power equivalent to that of 20,000 horses. The -crew of the _New York_ averages 400 men all the year around. There are -70 in the navigating department, 180 in the engine department, and the -rest are in the steward's department. - -[Illustration: SUNDAY MORNING MUSTER OF THE CREW.] - -Just as the government of the city of New York is divided among the -Mayor, Aldermen, and boards and commissioners of various departments, so -the administration of a giant steamship is divided into specialties. The -Mayor is the chief officer of the city. The Captain is the chief officer -of the ship. He is more than that. From the time she leaves port until -she enters port he is master of the life and liberty of every person -aboard the ship, as well as of all the property in it. He is an -autocrat. Of course he must administer his authority wisely. Unwise -autocrats don't last long, whether afloat or ashore. - -The head of each department is responsible for all that goes on in it. -The first officer is at the head of the crew, or navigating department. -The chief engineer directs everything connected with the engines. The -chief steward has full control of all that has to do with the comfort of -the passengers and crew. Each of these chiefs makes a written report at -noon every day. Thus the Captain is kept informed of everything -pertaining to the ship's welfare. - -[Illustration: THE PROMENADE DECK OF THE "NEW YORK."] - -Every one of the senior officers of the ship is a duly qualified master, -capable of taking her around the world if need be. The day is divided -into "watches," or tours of duty, of four hours each. One junior officer -is on the bridge with each senior officer on duty. The senior officer -directs the ship's course. He never leaves the bridge while he is on -watch. Should he do so he would be dismissed at once. There is no excuse -possible. It would be just as if he had died suddenly. His friends would -all feel sorry, but nothing could be done to help him. Two seamen are -always on watch in the bow of the ship, and two more in the fore-top. -Twice as many are on the lookout in thick weather. Observations are -taken every two hours. In the good old sailing-ship days the Captain was -content to "take the sun" at noon every day. If the sky was cloudy for a -day or two, it really didn't matter much, for he could jog along on dead -reckoning. But on an ocean greyhound, rushing over the course between -New York and Europe at the rate of more than twenty miles an hour, it is -highly important that the ship's position be known all the time. Fog may -come down at any moment, observations may not be obtainable for ten or -twelve hours. The positions of more than one hundred stars are known. By -observing any one of these the ship's whereabouts can be ascertained in -a few minutes. Of course the "road" becomes more or less familiar to a -man who crosses the ocean along the same route year after year. Yet this -familiarity never breeds contempt or any carelessness. No man knows all -the influences that affect the currents of the ocean. You may find the -current in one place the same forty times in succession; on the -forty-first trip it may be entirely changed. Sometimes a big storm that -has ended four or five hours before the steamship passes a certain place -may have given the surface current a strong set in one direction. There -is no means of telling when these influences may have been at work save -by taking the ship's position frequently. - -Those of you who are familiar with boat-racing know how often a race is -lost by bad steering. The cockswain who lets his shell drift to one side -and then to the other loses much valuable time in getting back to the -course. You know that from the start of the race he has his eye fixed on -a certain mark, and that he steers straight for that mark. It is the -same way with the Captain of a steamship. His mark is the port on the -other side of the ocean. He aims at it all the time. If his ship should -go astray only for one hour she would lose valuable time getting back to -her course. Every unnecessary mile travelled not only causes loss of -time, but waste of coal, and wear and tear of machinery, ship, crew, -etc. - -[Illustration: LOOKOUT IN THE FORETOP.] - -Great caution must be used at all times, but especially on nearing the -land. Old-fashioned ships use the lead and hand-line for finding the -depth of water and nature of the bottom, so that by referring to the -chart the navigator can tell just where he is. That apparatus is too -clumsy for the swift steamship. We use Sir William Thompson's -sounding-machine while the ship goes at full speed. A brass tube is -fastened to the end of a piano-wire line. When this is lowered to the -bottom the pressure of the water is exactly registered on a glass -tube--somewhat resembling a thermometer--which is fastened inside the -tube of brass. Upon reading the amount of pressure we know the exact -depth. A cup on the end of the brass tube brings up a specimen of the -bottom. - -[Illustration: THE GREYHOUND IN A FOG--A CLOSE SHAVE.] - -By taking soundings frequently when nearing the land, knowing the ship's -course and her position at the last observation, one can prick out her -track on the chart even in the heaviest fog. One never can tell what -slant of tide or current is silently sending the ship toward the shore, -so soundings are taken every fifteen minutes. - -The presence of a pilot on board is no excuse for the Captain whose ship -gets into trouble. The lives of the fifteen hundred persons on board, -the value of the cargo, which is always very great, and of the vessel -herself, which is worth at least two millions, all are in his hands. -But, as I said before, the responsibility never worries him. He simply -watches everything closely. The heads of departments report to him every -day, and should any emergency arise, he is kept informed of every new -occurrence. - -How is it possible, we are often asked, to steer such a great vessel as -the modern ocean liner? Steam and electricity have made the work almost -seem like play. The senior officer on the bridge can tell at any moment -just how fast the ship is going, how many revolutions the port and -starboard screws are making per minute, just at what angle the rudder is -set--in one word, all about the ship's progress. This is all reported to -him on automatic registering machines. - -You know, of course, that the ocean greyhound of to-day is a twin-screw -ship--that is, that instead of being driven through the water by one -propeller, she has two--one on each side of the end of her keel. Each -screw is worked by its own set of engines. These engines are entirely -independent of each other. The rudder is moved to one side or the other -by steam or hydraulic power. Should the rudder become useless from any -cause, it is possible to steer the ship by these screws. Most of you -know that you can steer a row-boat by putting more force on one oar than -on the other. If you want to turn sharply you back-water with one oar -and row ahead with the other. So it is with these screws. By backing one -screw and going ahead with the other, the ship can be turned around -almost within her own length, as the phrase is. The ordinary vessel that -loses her rudder is in a sad fix. The twin-screw ship simply needs a -little extra care in handling. In fact, it has happened more than once -that an ocean greyhound has been steered for more than a thousand miles -straight into port while the rudder was useless. - -It is easy to appreciate the necessity for making fast time across the -ocean when you remember that each idle moment means a loss of earning -power. The vessel costs $2,000,000. She will be worn out, say, in ten -years. Her value will be very small. So that every moment of her ten -good years must be made to tell. Suppose her navigators should be so -careless as to let her wander one hour's journey off her course. Another -hour would be lost bringing her back. That would mean a clear loss of -two hours. Mathematical experts could tell you exactly what that loss -would amount to. All we know is that not one instant shall be thrown -away. - -[Illustration: COALING.] - -Perhaps you have been aboard one of the largest ships coming up the bay -from Sandy Hook to New York. Have you noticed the churned-up white water -that flows away behind her? Watch it, and you will observe that now on -one side, now on the other, the foam ceases to flow so thickly. This -shows that one screw or the other has almost stopped for a moment. The -ship-channel coming up the bay is so narrow and shallow that at certain -low stages of the tide a great steamship drags the water along with her -body, just as your own body can drag the water in a bath-tub. The result -is that the rudder has very little effect in guiding the ship. Under -such circumstances the screw on one side or the other is slowed so as to -steer the vessel. - -Whole books might be written about the engines of an ocean greyhound. To -inspect the engines thoroughly you go down through four decks. Every bit -of machinery is constantly watched. A record is kept of every turn of -the screw, of every engine's work. The chief engineer has three first -assistants, and one of these three is always on duty. The engine-room is -like a gigantic roaring factory--it is a factory that makes power for -pushing the ship along. The four large dynamos that produce electricity -for lighting and other uses are also in the vast engine-room. So is the -machine that makes ice for the ship. This, by-the-way, is almost a -magical apparatus. In it is made all the ice used by the ship's company, -and from it pipes are led that supply the refrigerating-rooms. There are -two of these immense refrigerators. They are on the fourth deck--away -below the water-line. As nearly every article of food for the round trip -is purchased in this country, practically all the perishable food is -stored in these refrigerators--one being known as the "East-bound," and -the other the "West-bound." The immense amount of provisions carried is -something hard to imagine. A ship like the _New York_ or the _St. Paul_, -for example, takes 25,000 pounds of beef, more than three tons of game -and poultry, 18,000 eggs, and other things in proportion. The law -requires that enough provisions be carried to feed the ship's people for -twenty-four additional days, in case of accident. We carry much more -than that amount. In the refrigerating-rooms are also carried enough -flowers to adorn the tables all the way to England and back. - -Most of you, perhaps, think of an ocean greyhound as a swift-going -floating hotel. I think you will admit she is more--that she is one of -the greatest wonders of the deep. - - J. K. JAMISON. - - - - -THE EARLY WORK OF THE AUTHOR OF "BEN-HUR." - -BY MATTIE DYER BRITTS. - - -The writer of this sketch has no need to depend upon the evidence of -others for the facts given; she has but to cross a shady street and tap -at the most hospitable door in the wide world, to sit at her ease in the -fine old library enriched by the gifts of a king, and talk with General -Wallace or his wife. - -It was upon an occasion like this that she remarked: "General, the -people who are so much interested in your work sometimes wonder how you -came to begin it. Would you be willing to give us an idea of your -method?" - -"Method?" was the reply, with the genial smile and flash of the keen -dark eye which still renews the youth of the veteran warrior-poet. "I -have no method. If my composition has any excellence, set it down, first -and last, to that simple fact. In writing, as in speech, I think that -modes of expression should depend upon feeling--not studied, but the -impulse of the moment." - -"But you had a method of study in your school-days?" - -"Not I. My school-days were very few when I was a boy. My father -regularly sent me, and paid my tuition bills, but I as regularly played -truant. I ran wild in the woods of my native Indiana as free and happy -as the squirrels and rabbits, which scarcely took the trouble to keep -out of my pathway, so accustomed to my presence did they become. I -hunted, fished, staid in the woods, and slept with my dog, and came out -as strong and healthy as an oak sapling, without the least idea that I -was laying the foundation for the constitution which could in later -years withstand the hardships and exposures of camp and field. Health -was so absolute it was not thought of." - -"You must, however, have been fond of books." - -"Passionately so. I read every moment that I was still. In my runaway -journeys through the woods I always carried a book in my pocket. I both -read and remembered. My education, such as it is, is due to my father's -excellent library, and the freedom with which I browsed at will upon the -wholesome pastures of good old English literature." - -"Doubtless you had certain favorite volumes." - -"Yes. _Plutarch's Lives_ was and is the work which had most influence -upon me. Even yet, at the age of sixty-seven, when I grow drowsy and my -ambition seems to fail, I pick up my old companion, and an hour with him -restores me to myself." - -"How did you first come to think of writing?" - -Another smile of amusement over the recollections of those crude boyish -days, and the General replied: "My first literary effort was made in a -society of lads near my own age, of which I was a member when about -sixteen. Berry Sulgrove, once editor of the Indianapolis _Journal_, was -president, and assigned each one his part in our weekly meetings--a -speech, essay, story, or poem. I was ordered to write a story. I -undertook a love-tale of the crusades of the tenth century, in weekly -instalments, with the title of 'The Man-at-Arms.'" - -"Can you recall the plot of the tale?" - -"The leading character was a Spanish grandee, a Duke of high Castilian -line, who dwelt among the mountains of Spain. He had numerous valiant -retainers, and one only child--a proud and beautiful daughter named -Inez. In the service of the Duke was a handsome page of eighteen, brave, -courtly, endowed with manly graces and a talent for music. This he used -so skilfully that the love-songs he sang to his light guitar took -captive the heart of the fair Inez. Their love was discovered, and the -handsome page banished from the castle. But they managed to meet, and my -hero carried off his prize. Together they mounted his snow-white steed, -and dashed away to the hermitage of an old monk, who lived alone on a -wild and dreary mountain-side. The Duke pursued the fugitives with armed -retinue, and brought his disobedient daughter back to her ancestral -halls. The page escaped, went to Venice, and enlisted in the army about -to march to Palestine. He wore his armor by night and day, never opening -his visor except to eat, so that his nearest comrades rarely saw his -face. He performed prodigies of valor, was ever in the forefront of -battle, a mysterious but conspicuous figure. He became famous, and was -made a knight. By the time he returned to Spain all the countries of the -Mediterranean had heard of his prowess, and were proud to do him honor. -He was tendered a grand banquet at the Duke's castle; but the old enemy -did not recognize in the Knight of the Closed Helmet his former page. -The lovely Inez, of course, knew him at once, and he found her of true -heart and constant mind. The father was delighted to see the impression -his child made upon the gallant knight, and with his free consent they -were soon betrothed and married. After the wedding the page disclosed -his real name--I regret to have forgotten it--and all was forgiven, the -old Duke only too willing to call the brave warrior of Holy Cross his -son." - -"Did you complete the story?" - -"Oh yes! Every week my instalment was ready, my audience rapt and -sympathetic, and the generous applause most encouraging." - -"Was the MSS. lengthy?" - -"Two hundred and thirty pages of foolscap, closely written." - -"How much I should like to see it! Do you know what became of it?" - -"I am sorry to say it was lost. I left it in my father's library when I -went to the Mexican war in 1847; when I returned, the unfortunate -'Man-at-Arms' was not to be found. I never knew how he came to his end." - -"Of course, as a member of the society, you obeyed the order of your -president; but aside from that fact, what were your inducements to -writing the story?" - -"Merely boyish pleasure in composition--the natural stirring to write, -as the singer is moved to sing. That was my first attempt at prose. -Before that--when about fifteen, I think--I wrote a poem on the rescue -of Captain John Smith by Pocahontas, perhaps two hundred lines, in the -measure of the 'Lady of the Lake.' That reminds me of another early -experience; our amusements were very few in those days--a circus once a -year, and sometimes during the session of the Legislature a strolling -theatrical company came by. We boys caught the fever, and got up an -organization of our own, the 'Thespian Troupe,' which played -_Pocahontas_ with tremendous applause." - -"You mean, I presume, the drama by Robert Dale Owen?" - -"The same. My brother, William Wallace, was the Indian heroine. I took -the part of her sister Nomona. McReady (a school-mate, not the famous -actor) was Powhatan. I have forgotten who played Captain Smith, but the -affair was a great success. Cox, the local artist, painted the scenery, -the town band (then a volunteer service) played before the door to draw -the crowd, and the receipts paid all expenses." - -"Then you actually performed before a paying audience?" - -"Indeed we did. It was in a brick house just where the old State-house -used to stand. We provided seats, and had special accommodations for the -ladies. Those were the days of sound and fury and the ranting style now -happily entirely banished from the stage. But we enjoyed it hugely. My -memories of the Thespian are among the most delightful recollections of -earlier days." - -"Do you think that the dramatic instinct and florid imagination -necessary to such high-flown youthful work had any influence in -developing your later literary genius?" - -"I do not claim to have any genius. It may be that infinite patience and -an unlimited capacity for hard work have taken the place of genius, and -been of service to me. When I began to study a subject or an object, I -could never bring myself to stop until I had mastered all there was to -be known about it." - -"You believe, then, that small details are of large importance in -literary work?" - -"More so than in almost any other calling. I have never allowed myself -to take the opinions of others when it was possible to verify facts by -my own eyes and ears. While writing _Ben-Hur_ I once took the long -journey from my Indiana home to New York city, and haunted one of the -great libraries there persistently for days, merely to establish beyond -a doubt a very small matter concerning the interior of a Roman galley. -Yet, after all, it was not a small matter; trifles make perfection, and -a little inaccuracy will result in imperfect work." - -"Do you advise young authors to quote largely, or depend upon others for -ideas?" - -"By no means. Every man and woman is self-made. Every writer should be -especially so. Let him look into his own heart, and write from it, if he -would reach the hearts of his readers. He may gather information and -incidents from books and from every-day life, but when he writes, let it -be in his own words. Above all, let him write honestly, delineating -people and things as they really are, not as a vivid or romantic -imagination might make them." - -Our social talk ended here. May I not be allowed to add that constant -study of the best writers of old English has given a certain stateliness -of expression and dignity of speech to the composition of General -Wallace, which will not fail to be noted by the careful reader. The -volumes he read were the very choicest, and the stalwart heroes of that -olden time were the boy's daily companions instead of men and women. - - - - -REGULAR EXERCISE FOR GIRLS. - -BY EVA LOVETT. - - -Regularity in bodily training is the "golden rule" of all physicians and -gymnasium teachers. "A little exercise every day, taken at a certain -time," is worth more than all the spasmodic exertion in the world. It -accomplishes more in play and work. Nor need such exercise become -monotonous. The work of to-day may call into use one set of muscles, and -that of to-morrow another. It is well not to develop our arms and -neglect our legs, or vice versa. The pleasure accompanying them makes -outdoor sports more beneficial to the health; but indoor training, -according to fixed rules, has a great value in teaching you how to use -your limbs and joints easily and well. The practice it gives helps you -to learn anything quieter than you would without it. - -Any girl knows how easy it is to "fall out of the way" of doing things, -whether the "thing" is a kind of fancy-work or a school task. So it is -easy to "fall out of the way" of making use of your bodily powers. Your -arms and legs and back and body were all given you to use, just as well -as your lungs and other organs. And it is clearly your fault if you do -not get the best service out of them by keeping them in practice. You -must teach them to be supple, agile, and quick to respond to any calls -you may make upon them to contribute to your good or amusement. Suppose -you suddenly decide to play tennis, and have never learned to run! What -will happen to you is that you will be an awkward and unlucky player -until you learn to use your legs. Therefore the regular daily exercise -is good all round--for health and for pleasure. - -Our first impulse on waking in the morning is to yawn, to push out the -arms, to throw out the legs, to stretch and twist and roll about the -body, and so gradually work off the cramped feeling induced during -sleep. These natural gymnastics, in which even babies indulge when they -first waken out of a sound slumber, indicate pretty clearly what is the -best time to take a regular daily dose of gymnastic work. - -During the night the respiration has been slower, the heart-beats less -frequent, and the muscles have become contracted from remaining too long -in certain positions. We know, without being told, that our bodies need -shaking, stretching--some exercise, in fact, to get us into shape for -the day's work. The blood must circulate quicker, and mind and body -partake of the bright, brisk feeling which helps us to do everything -easily. For those who spare the time, fifteen minutes, or even ten, on -first rising is the best time to select for gymnastics. - -But many persons, young as well as old, must rise quickly and dress -hastily, and have no minutes to spare for such morning exercise. They -must choose some other time. Just before the daily bath is another -opportune moment. The exercise taken induces perspiration, and this -waste matter is removed by the bath following, leaving the skin in a -clear, healthy, and normal condition. We feel wonderfully refreshed and -full of vitality after the process. - -At night, before retiring, certain exercises of the muscles can be used -with good effect. If we are tired or have overused one set of muscles, -we do not exercise those already used too much, but others in opposite -directions. For instance, if we have stretched our arms up until -over-tired, it is rest and relief to stretch them down--again and again, -and again, so making the strain upon the muscles equal. - -Or if we have used our arms too much, we rest ourselves by giving our -legs a good amount of exercise--just as a long walk rests you after -rowing, or as a good game of ball rests you after hard study. In the -first case it is exercise in an opposite direction which gives the -needed relaxation. In the second the same result comes from exercising -the body after too much exercise of the mind. - -This "law of opposition," as it is called, is a big subject. But the -rule holds just the same, whether you understand "the reason why" or -not. Exercise muscles or parts of the body in opposite directions or in -different ways from the motions and actions which have tired you. To do -this at night "promotes sleep and helps digestion," say the -physical-culture teachers. - -And who should know better than those who have studied up on the subject -and who can give you the "reason why"? - - - - -THROWING THE HAMMER. - -FROM PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF W. O. HICKOK, YALE '95, CHAMPION I.C.A.A.A.A. - -[Illustration: W.O. HICKOK.] - -[Illustration: 1.] - -[Illustration: 2.] - -[Illustration: 3.] - -[Illustration: 4.] - -[Illustration: 5.] - -[Illustration: 6.] - -[Illustration: 7.] - -[Illustration: 8.] - - - - -[Illustration: INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT] - - -Throwing the hammer and putting the shot are the only two weight events -now practised by college and school athletes, although many of the -athletic clubs still retain the putting of the 56-lb. weight on their -cards. The last-named, however, is merely a sort of exaggeration of the -second, and only practicable for very large and very strong men. The -welfare of amateur sport will never suffer if the art of throwing the -weight should be entirely lost, for there is nothing particularly -interesting in the practice, and success in it is more largely due to -beef than to skill. With the other two events it is different. Strength, -of course, is a prime requisite, but to attain perfection in either of -them the performer must combine skill with muscular power. - -The inter-collegiate rules which govern the throwing of the hammer -require that the hammer-head shall be a metal sphere; and the handle may -be of any material. Up to within three or four years the handle used to -be made of hard wood, but recently athletes have shown a preference for -a flexible steel handle. The combined length of the head and handle must -not exceed four feet, and the combined weight must be sixteen pounds. -The hammer is thrown from a circle seven feet in diameter. In making an -attempt a competitor may assume any position he pleases, but he must not -step outside of this circle. In a contest each competitor is allowed -three throws, and the best three men in the first trial are allowed -three more throws. The measurement of a throw is made from the nearest -edge of the first mark made by the head of the hammer to the point of -the circumference of the circle nearest this mark. There are three kinds -of fouls in hammer-throwing, which are not measured, but which count -against the competitor as throws. They are: letting go of the hammer in -an attempt; touching the ground outside the circle with any portion of -the body while the hammer is in hand; or touching the ground forward of -the front half of the circle with any portion of the body before the -throw is measured. - -The pictures on the opposite page are reproductions of instantaneous -photographs, taken especially for Harper's Round Table, of Mr. W. O. -Hickok, the Yale and Inter-collegiate champion. Mr. Hickok learned to -throw the hammer when he was at St. Paul's School, Concord, and held the -championship there while he was in school. He used to practise twice a -day, half an hour each time, until he became a thorough master of the -instrument. His experience taught him that it was necessary to assume -the easiest possible position when at work with the hammer, so as to -give the muscles the fullest play. When the hammer is thrown around the -head it should be kept as far as possible from the body; the arms should -not be bent nor the muscles tightened, and the shoulders should be -allowed to move as easily as possible. Perhaps it will be easier to -explain the method by following the illustrations in their numerical -order. - -First, the athlete steps into the ring holding the hammer, the head -resting on the ground outside the circle. He secures a firm grasp on the -handle, leaning over so as to keep the head as far away from his body as -possible. The second picture shows the hammer just as it is being lifted -from the ground to be whirled around the head. It is plain to see that -the arms are holding the instrument as far from the body as possible. As -the heavy ball gains in velocity, it stretches out so that the arms and -the handle form a straight horizontal line from the shoulders. The -fourth and fifth pictures demonstrate the attitude of the performer at -various stages of the first two whirls of the hammer. The motion at the -start is slow, and becomes gradually faster and faster, so that the top -speed shall be reached just about as the athlete is ready to turn. - -It is the usual custom to throw the hammer three times around the head -before turning. The sixth picture shows this turn. When this act is -performed the hammer should be kept well behind, and the thrower should -try to move his feet around as fast as he can, and never under any -consideration should he allow the hammer to get ahead of the motion of -his body; he must keep it following on behind, or else the hammer will -throw him, instead of his throwing the hammer. The reason given for -jumping around on the last turn is that a man, when proficient in this -trick, can gain about twenty-five feet on his throw. It is the Irish -method of throwing a hammer, and has been in use over there for several -hundred years. The Scottish way of throwing, still in use in Scotland, -is to stand still. This used to be the method in vogue in this country, -but within the last ten years the A. A. U. adopted the Irish method, and -two years ago the Inter-collegiate Association followed suit. A man who -has become accustomed to throw from a standstill has some trouble in -getting accustomed to the turn, but as soon as he has caught the knack -of the twist he will greatly prefer it over the old method. - -The seventh picture shows the moment just previous to the final heave -when the hammer is to be let go. This should not be done with a jerk, -but the stick should be allowed to slip from the hands at the proper -moment, otherwise any jerking will destroy the momentum obtained. The -last picture shows the attitude of the thrower after the hammer has left -his hands, the weight of his body being thrown backward so as to prevent -him from stepping out of the circle. - -The hammer is thrown from a restricted circle in the United States in -order to make the event more scientific. A strong man with very poor -form might make an excellent throw some time if he were allowed to -follow it and go where he liked in his efforts. The circle prevents this -go-as-you-please method, and makes it necessary for athletes to acquire -form; it also gives a definite place to measure from, so that there can -be no dispute as to the exact distance for the measurer to lay off. In -England amateur athletes use a thirty-foot circle; this gives them a -great advantage, for the more turns you can take before throwing, the -greater momentum you can get into your throw. The Englishmen use a -3-foot-6-inch handle, which is a disadvantage to them, since the -centrifugal force is lessened as the square of the distance from the -centre. If athletes used a longer handle than the one accepted in -America, which is 4 feet long, they could not throw the hammer so well -as they do now, unless the performer were of unusual stature, because -the head of the hammer would touch the ground in the first few turns and -at the final lift. - -Mr. Hickok throws better in games than he does in practice, although he -practises hard and continuously when training for an important match. -His record for throwing the hammer is 135 feet 7-1/2 inches. At an early -date we shall devote some space to comment and illustration on putting -the shot. - -The Constitution of the National Interscholastic Athletic Association as -printed in these columns last week is incomplete in many minor details, -as I stated at the time, for the copy sent to the ROUND TABLE -immediately after the convention of December 28th was merely a rough -draft. The Executive Committee are now copying and revising this first -draft, and as soon as their work has been finished we shall try to offer -it in its completed form to the readers of this Department. - -It is very probable that a great many flaws will be found in the -constitution, even when it has been completed and revised by the -committee. It should be kept in mind, however, that when the delegates -gathered last month at the first convention, they had no material to -work on; yet they succeeded in establishing themselves. Now, we have an -organization and a constitution. We have something to go by, and a goal -in view. Wherever experience shows that the makers of the constitution -have been at fault, let us make a little mark, and at the next meeting -let us suggest remedies. A year from now the association ought to be on -such a firm basis that nothing can interfere with the success of its -aim. It is very gratifying to feel that so very much indeed has been -accomplished. - -While speaking of suggestions, it may not be out of place for this -Department to make one at once. At first thought, it seems as if the -date for the field meeting--the last Saturday in June--has been placed a -little too late in the season for the general convenience. This may not -be so; the makers of the constitution may have discussed this question -thoroughly, and may have concluded that the last Saturday in June is -best suited for the occasion. The schools of this city close late in May -or early in June. That is one objection for New York and Long Island. A -second and more important objection is that the college examinations are -usually held the last week in June, and unless I am greatly mistaken, -the final ones come on that very Saturday. This is at least a matter for -the executive committee to investigate. It is fortunately, too, a matter -that can be very easily remedied. - -It is deeply to be regretted, just as we are congratulating ourselves -over the formation of a National I. S. A. A., that we must also announce -the failure of the plans made for an Eastern trip by the Oakland -High-School, of California. One of the officers of the California -Association writes to me as follows concerning it: - - "We have had a lot of trouble with the faculty in regard to that - trip, and as they are opposed to it for several reasons, we have - reluctantly desisted from raising money, and, I am sorry to say, we - will not come East next summer. We should have had in the bank - about a thousand dollars by Christmas if we had been allowed to - proceed with our plans. As it is, we have several hundred dollars, - which we will doubtless find some use for." - -And so end, for this year at least, the hopes and ambitions of our -California fellow-sportsmen. We all regret that this must be so, and -knowing how great the interest of Eastern scholastic athletes has been -in this proposed visit, I feel warranted in devoting space to the letter -from the O.-H.-S. faculty to the Oakland Board of Education which put an -end to the trip. It fully explains the situation: - - "In view of the fact that quite recently a new phase of athletics - in the High-School has made its appearance, and as the results are - already proving detrimental to the interests of our pupils, we - consider it to be our duty to express to you our views upon this - subject. - - "We deem it to be not only unwise but positively injurious to the - proper prosecution of the studies of our pupils that they should - give repeated entertainments for the purpose of raising a fund to - defray the expenses of some of their number to visit Eastern cities - to engage in competing athletic games. As we are informed, at least - two entertainments have been given already, and others are in - contemplation. All this requires considerable time and thought, and - if an argument were necessary to convince you that this means a - serious interference with the school duties of all who engage in - these entertainments, either in taking an active part in their - public performances or in selling tickets for them, we have in - evidence the statement of some of our number that already several - of the pupils thus actively engaged have materially deteriorated - within the last three weeks. - - "We fully realize that the relation we sustain toward the citizens - of Oakland who so generously support the High-School, and toward - the pupils we are required to instruct, demands that we zealously - guard the interests of those placed under our care. Deeply - impressed with this fact, we cannot see anything, however important - it may be in itself, precede that for which the High-School is - organized and supported. - - "The High-School is part of the educational department of our city, - and is under the supervision of the Board of Education. We believe - it should be fully recognized that neither the name of the - High-School nor any of its interests should be used for any purpose - whatever without the sanction of the supervising board. - - "We furthermore wish to express our entire disapproval of having - any one visit the East, for the purpose contemplated, in the name - of the Oakland High-School. - - "We do not wish it to be understood that we are in any degree - opposed to athletic sports when kept within reasonable bounds; on - the contrary, we encourage them, and are pleased to see our pupils - interested in them. We believe, however, that their place in our - school should be secondary. When they aspire to a first place and - seriously interfere with the proper work of the school, we consider - it to be our duty to enter an earnest protest." - -Our nearer neighbors in Iowa, however, have as yet met with no obstacle -to their joining the N. I. S. A. A., and the president of the -association writes to me from Clinton that "the people of Clinton are -awake more than ever since the article in HARPER'S ROUND TABLE of -December 24th. It came just at the right time. Our first entertainment -will come off about the last of the month, and we expect to clear $400. -The State Delegates' meeting is to be held at Muscatine, Iowa, Friday, -January 3d, and at that meeting our interests in the National -Association will be talked of. I was greatly disappointed in not being -able to have a delegate at the National Interscholastic meeting, but the -notices came too late to hear from all the schools of the Association. -You may depend upon it, however, that if everything goes on as smoothly -as it does now, Iowa will have a team at the National Meet." It cannot -be urged too strongly upon the officers and the Executive Committee of -the National Association to enter into communication at once with all -the associations that they can reach. - -The standing of the Junior League of the New England Interscholastic -Football Association, as given in these columns on December 31st, shows -the relative positions of the teams before Dedham High played off the -tie with Hyde Park High. To make the record complete, the final standing -of the teams is here added: - - Games Games Points Points - won. lost. Tied. won. lost. - - Somerville High. 5 0 1 106 10 - Newton " 4 1 1 69 32 - Chelsea " 3 2 0 66 74 - Dedham " 3 2 0 24 42 - Roxbury Latin 3 3 0 82 41 - Hyde Park High. 1 5 0 22 92 - Roxbury High. 0 6 0 6 70 - -The formation of an Interscholastic Polo Association in Connecticut puts -an additional event on the list of competitive sports for the winter, -and for that reason it should be welcomed. It is a healthy exercise -out-of-doors, and is the best kind of sport to develop good skaters. The -schools that have thus far joined the League are the Hill-house High, -Bridgeport High, New Britain High, Hartford High, and Meriden High -schools, and it is probable that the New London schools will come in -too. - -The game of ice polo is a simple one, and ought to find favor wherever -there is a frozen pond or river. The rules of the sport may be found in -almost any book of sporting regulations, but, briefly, the principle of -the game is as follows: There are two teams, of five men each, playing -against each other. The players are called first and second rushes, -centre, half-back, and goal. There is usually no limit placed upon the -size of the field (ice-field, of course), although commonly it is marked -off from fifty to seventy-five feet in length, and about half as wide as -it is long. - -The officials consist of an umpire and a referee, or frequently of an -umpire only. The referee has duties similar to the official of the same -name in football--that is, looks after the ball, calls goals, brings the -ball in when it is driven out of bounds, etc. The umpire looks after the -men, calls fouls, etc. The ball is placed in the centre of the field, -and at a signal the first rush of each team skates toward it, the second -rush following immediately. As soon as one of the first rushes touches -the ball it is in play, and every other man has the privilege of -knocking it. - -The object of each side is to get the ball into the opponents' goal. -Each goal counts one for the side making it. As a general thing the -aggressive work is done by the first and second rushes, and the -defensive by the half-back and goal. The regulation ball is three inches -in diameter; the polo sticks are about 3 feet 6 inches in length, or -according to the taste of the players. Fouls consist of tripping, -hitting, and pushing an opponent, kicking the ball with the foot by any -player except goal-tender. The penalty for fouling is a goal added to -the opponents' score. Space prevents giving a more detailed description -of the game, but I shall cheerfully answer any questions that the -readers of this Department may wish to ask. - -In the All-New-York Football Team, published last week, I committed the -error of mentioning Mr. Carey as a member of the Columbia Grammar School -eleven. Mr. Carey played with the Hamilton Institute team. - - THE GRADUATE. - - * * * * * - -YOUNG MOTHERS - -should early learn the necessity of keeping on hand a supply of Gail -Borden Eagle Brand Condensed Milk for nursing babies as well as for -general cooking. 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These figures are perfect in every particular, and suitable -souvenirs of our twenty years as positive leaders in the manufacture of -everything that is essential for outdoor or indoor sports and pastimes. -The figures represent the different athletes in correct positions, with -the proper implements and clothing, and contain as well a short -educational story as to how the different sports are played, making in -all the most complete series of athletic figures ever issued in the -world, and a collection that every one should have. Suitable for the -home dining-room, club-room, reading-room, or office, nicely mounted and -arranged so they will stand upright and make, indeed, a very attractive -ornament. - -Sent by mail upon receipt of 10 cents, to pay charges. - -A. G. 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City - - - - -[Illustration] - - - - -[Illustration] - -Good Music - -Franklin Square Song Collection. - -GOOD MUSIC arouses a spirit of good-will, creates a harmonious -atmosphere, and where harmony and good-will prevail, the disobedient, -turbulent, unruly spirit finds no resting-place. Herbert Spencer puts -his final test of any plan of culture in the form of a question, "Does -it create a pleasurable excitement in the pupils?" Judged by this -criterion, Music deserves the first rank, for no work done in the school -room is so surely creative of pleasure as singing. Do we not all agree, -then, that Vocal Music has power to benefit every side of the child -nature? And in these days, when we seek to make our schools the arenas -where children may grow into symmetrical, substantial, noble characters, -can we afford to neglect so powerful an aid as Music? Let us as rather -encourage it in every way possible. - -_Nowhere can you find for Home or School a better Selection of Songs and -Hymns than in the Franklin Square Song Collection._ - -Sold Everywhere. Price, 50 cents; Cloth, $1.00. Full contents of the -Several Numbers, with Specimen, Pages of favorite Songs and Hymns, sent -by Harper & Brothers, New York, to any address. - - - - -THOMAS W. KNOX. - - -[Illustration: COLONEL THOMAS W. KNOX.] - -There are people with whom we never associate the thought of death, and -whose bright, genial lives seem meant to go on and on to extreme old -age. When they are taken away we hear the tidings with surprise and -regret, and looking over the work they have done we realize how much we -are in their debt for hours of pleasure and profit. Such a man was -Colonel Knox, whose _Boy Travellers_ are in every village library, and -whose name is a household word wherever bright young people meet. He was -well known to the readers of the ROUND TABLE, to which he has often -contributed. A cheery comrade, a genial friend, he possessed the rare -art of telling a story and imparting information at the same time, so -that his books of travel are not only entertaining, but of permanent -value. He wrote a great many books, but among them there is not one -which has not a claim on the attentive reader; and now that he is gone, -we are glad that he will still live, and teach, and amuse, and charm a -great audience in his pleasant volumes. - -Colonel Knox was born in New Hampshire in 1835. His was a typical -American life. Born of plain people, he learned the trade of a -shoemaker, having previously gone to the district school and worked on a -farm, as many a bright lad is doing to-day. Shoe-making was not to be -his occupation, however, and when twenty-three years old he undertook -the more congenial task of teaching, and presently was at the head of a -school. Later his love of adventure took him to the gold-fields of the -West. But for the breaking out of the civil war it is probable that -young Knox might have gone on either as an explorer or a preceptor, but -fate decreed otherwise. When the war rallied the young men of the -country on one or the other side, the most promising in every avocation -enlisted, and as a matter of course such a man as Knox entered the Union -army. Here he served in two campaigns, was rapidly promoted, and finally -received the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel on the staff of the Governor of -California. That he could write as well as fight was shown by the fact -that he became a war correspondent, sending stirring letters from the -front to the New York papers. - -All this proves the pluck and versatility of the man. He was generally -successful in his undertakings, bringing to bear on them the force of a -clever and quick mind which could grasp a situation and did not neglect -details. - -There must have been a roving drop in the blood of the New Hampshire -boy, for after the war he could not contentedly settle down and enjoy -life at home, but started off on a journey with a scientific object. -Organizing an expedition to establish a telegraph line through southern -Asia, he entered on the life of a traveller, with all the hardships and -the pleasures which combine to make such a life interesting and full of -excitement. On sledges in Siberia, in palanquins in India, up and down -rivers in China, wherever his fancy or business led him. Colonel Knox -travelled, and wrote books about his experiences. The Emperor of Siam -was so pleased with the story of _Boy Travellers_ in his country that he -conferred on the author the "Order of the White Elephant," a great -distinction, which Colonel Knox was the first American to receive. - -Colonel Knox was very practical, not specially imaginative, a -clear-sighted, straight-forward man, noted for common-sense and energy. -As the boys whom he has so often entertained turn the pages of their -favorite volumes, they cannot do better than remember that the man who -wrote them was in every throb of the pulse an American, simple-hearted, -patriotic, and sincere. He loved his country, he studied other -countries, and he spent his life in doing honestly and manfully whatever -his hand found to do. A good example for us all. - - - - -Some Interesting Questions. - - - Last year I bought three of the dancing or jumping beans, which - were then a great novelty. With them came a circular describing - them and their habits, which, unfortunately, I have thrown away. - However, it was to the effect that the beans were hollow shells - which were found on some tree or shrub in Mexico. Each shell - contained a small white worm, which would live, the circular said, - about six months. - - If one of the beans was placed on the palm of the hand, or on a - slightly warmed surface, it would begin to move around in little - jerks or jumps which were caused by the worm inside. One theory was - that if the shell remains stationary in its native home something - will destroy it. The worm has no desire to leave the shell. If a - hole is bored in it he will straightway patch it up, and if removed - from the shell entirely he will try to cover himself up, but cannot - make a new shell. - - My part of the story is different. Last spring, the beans being - still alive, I put them in a small box and packed them away for the - summer. When I unpacked them, what do you suppose I found? Three - shells, each with a hole in it, the dried skin of the worm, and - also a perfect specimen of a strange moth. I cut one of the shells - in half, and there were a number of eggs as yet unhatched. Will the - Editor please have these specimens conveyed to Mr. W. Hamilton - Gibson, who writes such interesting articles for young folks about - natural history, so that he may write on this subject if he thinks - it of sufficient interest. - - Why did the moth or worm bore the hole and lay the eggs? Did the - moth die of hunger or suffocation; if so, why did not the worm die - in the shell? How could it be a cocoon if the worm did not make it? - Why did it lay _all_ the eggs in one shell? All are questions - which, when answered, will surely be interesting. - - JOHN HAWKESWORTH, R.T.F. - NEW YORK. - - * * * * * - -Writing One's Name. - -Not a few persons fail to stick to one signature. Especially is this -true of young persons. They sign their name in all sorts of ways--a -practice that is most confusing to those of their correspondents who do -not, through personal acquaintance, happen to know that "John A. Smith," -"J. A. Smith," "J. Albert Smith," and "John Smith" are one and the same -person. - -Young persons coming into the world of affairs should select a form for -their name and always use the same. It is a matter of fancy, probably, -but we prefer the first name spelled out, since it tells something about -the writer. A correspondent replying to a letter signed by initials only -is often uncertain whether to begin his letter "Dear Sir," or "Dear -Miss," or "Dear Madam." - - * * * * * - -Competition in Raisin Growing. - - California is a great raisin country. Immense quantities of raisins - from this valley are exported annually to all parts. The muscat is - the raisin grape generally grown, but there are several other - varieties. The Sultana and the Thompson seedless are small grapes - without seeds. During grape-picking-time the country presents a - lively aspect. Men, women, and children find employment during the - grape season, and a quick worker may earn good wages. One may often - see whole families having come from a distance to pick grapes on - some large vineyard, camping out in light tents either in the field - or beside the country road-side. - - The grapes are picked in rows and placed upon trays. The bunches - are detached from the vines by a sharp knife, and any injured or - decayed grape is removed. A grape-picker is paid, generally, two - and a half cents a tray. A good picker sometimes fills seventy-five - trays in a day. But they will assure you it is no light work to - pick grapes in the hot sun, the thermometer over one hundred in the - shade. When the grapes are partially dried they are skilfully - turned over into an empty tray so that the under side will be - exposed to the sun. - - As soon as the grapes are properly cured the trays are stacked, and - the raisins are put into sweat boxes ready to be taken to the - packing-house, where they are weighed. The loose raisins are set - apart from the choice clusters, and are placed in a stemmer, which - is worked by machinery, and which throws out the stems and any - refuse matter. The clusters and layer raisins are pressed in forms - and placed in the boxes, layer by layer. Paper is spread between - each layer. Ribbons and beautiful chromos serve to give the final - finish, and the dainty boxes of fruit are sent away by the car-load - all over the United States. - - At one time raisins were a source of great profit, but now - vineyards have become more extensive, and as there is a greater - supply of raisins prices have been much lower. - - BESSIE M. ROBERTS. - HANFORD, KINGS CO., CAL. - - - - -[Illustration: THE CAMERA CLUB] - - Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly - answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to - hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions. - - -Sir Knight Willis H. Kerr sends the following formula for fogged plates, -which he thinks the Camera Club will appreciate: Bromine water, 50 cc.; -tincture of iodine, 20 cc.; distilled water, 1 litre. After immersing -the plates in this solution for two or three minutes they should be -washed and dried. If the plate has been only partially exposed to light, -it should be exposed to lamp-light in order to make the fog impression -uniform. The plates must be immersed in the solution by red light and -tried in a dark room. - -Sir Knight H. J. Maccoy asks how to print pictures from a negative where -the glass is broken, but the film is not. If there is one clear break -across the glass place the negative in the printing-frame, pushing the -broken edges closely together, holding them firmly while adjusting the -sensitive paper. Place the negative at such an angle with the light that -the crack will not make a shadow on the paper, and print in the shade. -If there are several cracks in the glass put the negative in the -printing-frame, supporting it with a piece of plain glass; tie cords to -the printing-frame so that it may be suspended by them, hang the frame -from some projection where it will not hit anything, and keep it -revolving during the printing. By keeping the plate moving all the time -the cracks in the glass do not cast a shadow long enough in one place to -leave any impression on the sensitive paper. - -A correspondent sends us an envelope which he uses for storing purposes. -The envelope is not as convenient as the commercial envelope made -specially for negatives, for it has a flap and opens at the side, -whereas the manila envelope opens at the end, has no flap, and there is -a small crescent cut in the edge, which makes it convenient to remove -the plate from the envelope. The open end of the envelope should be -placed at the back of the pigeon-hole, both for preservation of the -negative and to keep it free from dust. - - - - -[Illustration: THE PUDDING STICK] - - This Department is conducted in the interest of Girls and Young - Women, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question on the - subject so far as possible. Correspondents should address Editor. - - -I am sorry, dear Mildred and Nancy, that you and I have so very -different an opinion on the subject of punctuality. You say, scornfully, -"What does it matter about five minutes, or three minutes, and our -teacher makes just as much fuss when we are two or three minutes tardy -as if we were an hour late?" - -Suppose you were going to Montreal to visit Aunt Katharine and your -cousins, and you were to meet Uncle Leo and Cousin Margaret at quarter -to eight o'clock. Don't you think Uncle Leo would be annoyed if you -should fail to keep the appointment to the very minute, and what about -the rail-way train in the case? For a traveller going anywhere on a boat -or in the cars must be punctual to an instant, or he will be left. We -find that very unpunctual people can accommodate themselves to the ways -of trains in this particular. - -We have no right to waste our own time, girls, and certainly we have no -right to waste that of other people. To do so is most thoughtless and -unkind. If you are in a class, your unpunctuality may inconvenience and -disturb all the others, and very much annoy your teacher. If you are on -a committee, and come late to the place of meeting, you throw every one -else out of her orbit. People have many engagements in a single day. -They can keep none of them to advantage if they are hindered by the -careless person who does not keep hers conscientiously. - -This whole matter of keeping engagements is one in which you must -establish good habits. Never promise to go anywhere, or do anything, to -make a visit, or take a table at a fair, or help a friend who needs -assistance, and then break your word. A girl's word is a sacred thing. -If it is only to sit for an hour with an older friend, or to take -luncheon and a walk with Jenny on Saturday, or to write a letter for the -cook, who cannot write her letter for herself, keep your word and be on -time. Nothing else is worthy such a girl as the one I have in my mind -while I write, so clever and sensible, and, in the main, so satisfactory -that I cannot bear her to have even one little flaw. I don't want to -think of her as one of those people who come hustling into church and -Sunday-school ten minutes late, and who disturb everybody else in places -of amusement by the same habit. And I cannot imagine one of my girls as, -by-and-by, going anywhere late to dinner, a most grievous social fault. - -[Illustration: Signature] - - - - -ADVERTISEMENTS. - - - - -The - -Columbia - -Bicycle - -Pad Calendar - -For 1896 - -[Illustration] - -YOU NEED IT. - -A Desk Calendar is a necessity--most convenient kind of storehouse for -memoranda. The Columbia Desk Calendar is brightest and handsomest of -all--full of dainty pen sketches and entertaining thoughts on outdoor -exercise and sport. Occasionally reminds you of the superb quality of -Columbia Bicycles and of your need of one. You won't object to that, of -course. The Calendar will be mailed for five 2-cent stamps. - -Address Calendar Department, - -POPE MANUFACTURING CO., - -HARTFORD, CONN. - - - - -[Illustration] - - There are monarchs, there are monarchs, - Men of every clime and hue. - From the Czar of all the Russias - To the Prince of Timbuctoo; - Monarchs good and monarchs famous, - Monarchs short and monarchs tall; - But the _best_ is _our_ Monarch-- - It's the Monarch of them all. - -Monarch - -King of Bicycles--A Marvel of - -Strength, Speed and Reliability. - -4 models. $80 and $100, fully guaranteed. For children and adults who -want a lower price wheel the _Defiance_ is made in 8 models, $40 to $75. - -Send for Monarch book. - -[Illustration] - -MONARCH CYCLE - -MFG. CO., - -Lake, Halsted and - -Fulton Sts., CHICAGO. - -83 Reade Street, - -New York. - - - - -JOSEPH GILLOTT'S - -STEEL PENS - -Nos. 303, 404, 170, 604 E.F., 601 E.F. - -And other styles to suit all hands. - -THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS. - - - - -Postage Stamps, &c. - - - - -50% - -Commission on _Approval Sheets_, 1000 Mixed Stamps, 15c. - -P. G. BEALS, Brookline, Mass. - - - - -[Illustration] - -=STAMPS!= 800 fine mixed Victoria, Cape of G. H., India, Japan, etc., with -fine Stamp Album, only =10c.= New 80-p. Price-list free. _Agents wanted_ -at =50%= commission. STANDARD STAMP CO., 4 Nicholson Place, St. Louis, Mo. -Old U. S. and Confederate Stamps bought. - - - - -STAMP COLLECTORS! - -12 South America, 9c.; 15 Mexico and Central America, 10c.; 18 West -Indian, 10c.; 15 Australia, 12c.; 16 Asia, 10c. Large monthly price-list -free. Approval Sheet agents wanted; 50% com. and prizes given. C. W. -GREVNING, Morristown, N.J. - - - - -[Illustration] - -100 all dif. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only 10c.; 200 all dif. Hayti, -Hawaii, etc., only 50c. Ag'ts w't'd at 50% com. List FREE! =C. A. -Stegmann=, 5941 Cote Brilliante Ave., St. Louis, Mo - - - - -300 - -STAMPS FOR $1.00, all different, some quite rare. - -KEUTGEN BROTHERS, 322 Broadway, N. Y. - - - - -310 - -foreign Bolivia, etc., 10c.; 100 different China, etc., 10c. Finest -approval sheet, at 50%. Agents wanted. Large price-list, free. SHAW -STAMP CO., Jackson, Mich. - - - - -STAMPS! 100 all dif. Barbados, etc. Only 10c. Ag'ts w't'd at 50% com. -List free. L. DOVER & CO., 1469 Hodiamont, St. Louis, Mo. - - - - -STAMPS. Approval sheets. Agents wanted; 50% com. - -G. D. Holt & Co., 155 Pulaski St., Brooklyn, N. Y. - - - - -112 - -FOREIGN STAMPS. Liberia, Obock, Macao, etc., 6 cts. H. L. Ashfield, 707 -Prospect Ave., N. Y. - - - - -=BOOKS OF STAMPS= at 33-1/3 per cent. commission. References required. -MODEL STAMP CO., W. Superior, Wis. - - - - -FREE. - -Comic return envelopes. Sleight of Hand exposed. List Of 500 gifts. -Album of cards. Send 2c. stamp for postage. Address Banner Card Co., -Cadiz, Ohio. - - - - -BAKER - -sells recitations and PLAYS - -23 Winter St., Boston - -CATALOGUES FREE. - - - - -CARDS - -The FINEST SAMPLES BOOK of Gold Beveled Edge, Hidden Name, Silk Fringe, -Envelope and Calling Cards ever offered for a 2 cent stamp. These are -GENUINE CARDS, NOT TRASH. UNION CARD CO., COLUMBUS, OHIO. - - - - -[Illustration] - - - - -[Illustration: BICYCLING] - - -[Illustration: Copyright, 1895, by Harper & Brothers.] - -On leaving York, to continue the journey to Washington by the route -which we are going, the rider turns south and westward on what is known -as the York and Gettysburg Turnpike. The road is direct to Thomasville, -about six miles away, with the exception of three forks. These should be -carefully watched, and the rider should in his inquiries always ask for -the York and Gettysburg Turnpike. The first fork is something less than -a mile out from York, a few minutes after crossing the railroad track. -Here the rider should keep to the left. He again takes the left fork a -short two miles further on, and about a mile or more before reaching -Thomasville, at the junction of three roads, he keeps to the right on -the turnpike. From Thomasville to Hockstown, a distance of about three -miles, the turnpike is unmistakable. By referring to the map at -Hockstown, the reader will see that the main route turns sharp to the -right, running over to East Berlin, a distance of three or three and a -half miles. It is possible to follow the turnpike to Gettysburg as -indicated on the map by the fair bicycle road, but the route to East -Berlin is much better. From East Berlin run on to Abbottstown. At this -point the rider must make up his mind whether he will make a detour of -some miles and take in the field of Gettysburg. If there is time enough, -you are earnestly urged to make the extra run, since there is much at -Gettysburg which is interesting to the student of American history. -Leaving Abbottstown, run out to New Oxford on the York and Gettysburg -Turnpike. The road is unmistakable, and from this point to Gettysburg, -through Granite Hill, the turnpike is most of the time near the -railroad, so that it is easy to follow it. Gettysburg will be a good -place for dinner; it is more than half-way to Westminster, and an hour -or two can be very profitably spent in the vicinity of the town in -seeing what there is to be seen. From Gettysburg follow the route to -Germantown, and thence to Littlestown. At Littlestown the rider again -joins the main bicycle route from York to Westminster, and proceeds -thence into Westminster. - - - - -[Illustration: STAMPS] - - This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin - collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question - on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address - Editor Stamp Department. - - -In the ROUND TABLE, December 17, 1895, I gave a list of prices _asked by -dealers_ for all United States coins of the following denominations: -Half-cent, large cent, small cent, two cents, three cents (nickel), five -cents (nickel), three cents (silver), five cents (silver), dimes, and -twenty-cent pieces. The list is completed in this Number, and I hope -readers of the ROUND TABLE will keep the list, as it will save many -questions. The prices quoted are asked for fair copies of the older -dates, and nearly perfect copies of the later dates. The later coins can -usually be found in general circulation at face. - -QUARTER-DOLLARS.--1796, $2.50; 1804, $2.50; 1805, 1806, 1807, 50c. each; -1815, $1; 1818 to 1822, 75c. each; 1823, $75; 1824, $2; 1825, $1.50; -1827, $50; 1828, 75c.; 1831 to 1851, 50c. each; 1852, 75c.; 1853 -(without rays), $10; 1853 (rays on rev.), 35c.; 1854 to 1862, 50c. each; -1863, 1864, 1865, $1 each; 1866, $10; 1866 (in God We Trust), $1; 1867, -$1; 1868, $1; 1869, 75c.; 1870 to 1893 (Liberty), 50c. each; 1893 -(Isabella), $2; 1894, 50c.; 1895, 50c. - -HALF-DOLLARS.--1794, $4; 1795, $1.25; 1795 (three leaves), $4; 1796, -$75; 1797, $75; 1801, $3; 1802, $4; 1803, $1; 1805, $1; 1805 (over -1804), $2; 1806 to 1814, 75c. each; 1815, $4; 1817 to 1836, 75c. each; -1836 (milled edge), $4; new style, $2; 1837 to 1850, 75c. each; 1851, -$1; 1852, $2.50; 1853 to 1861, 75c. each; 1861 (Confed. rev. restrike), -$5; 1862 to 1865, $1 each; 1866, $1.50; 1866 (in God We Trust), $1.25; -1867, $1.25; 1868, 1869, $1 each; 1870, 1871, 1872, 75c. each; 1873 (no -darts), $1.50; 1873 (with darts), 75c.; 1874 to 1878, 75c. each; 1879 to -1891, $1 each; 1892 to 1895, 75c. each. Columbian.--1892 (Columbus), -75c.; 1893, 75c. - -DOLLARS.--1794, $100; 1795 (flowing hair), $3; 1795 (fillet head), -$3.50; 1796, $4; 1797, $4; 1798 (13 stars, small eagle), $5; 1798 (15 -stars, small eagle), $6; 1798 (13 stars, spread eagle), $2.50; 1799 -(5-star facing), $4; 1799 (6-star facing), $2; 1799 (over 1798), $3; -1800, $2; 1801, $3.50; 1802 (over 1801),$2.75; 1802, $3; 1803, $3.50; -1803 (italic 3), $4; 1804, $500; 1836, $10; 1838, $50; 1839, $60; 1840 -to 1850, $2 each; 1851, $50; 1852, $75; 1853, $2.50; 1854, $5; 1855, $3; -1856, $2.50; 1857, $2.75; 1858, $50; 1859 to 1869, $2.50 each; 1870, -1871, 1872, $2; 1873, $2.50; 1878 to 1894, $1.50 each. Trade -dollars.--1873, $2; 1874 to 1883, $1.50 each. - -GOLD COIN.--Dollars, $1.50 to $10; quarter-eagles, $3 to $10; -three-dollar pieces, $3.50 to $5; half-eagles, 1795 to 1828, from $8 up, -except 1815, $500, and 1824, $150; eagles, 1795 to 1804, from $12 up; -later dates at a small advance over face; double eagle, 1849, $500. - - W. SANDERS.--The 1838 cent is worth 5 cents. The 1839 cent, stamped - over the date 1836, is worth $6. - - F. H. HARRIS.--The U. S. revenues mentioned are worth from 1 cent - to 5 cents each if perforated; if unperforated, they are worth from - 5 cents to $1 each. The U. S. 12 cent 1861 is worth 25 cents. - - MARY FITHIAN.--For value of dollars see above. - - - - -[Illustration: Ivory Soap] - -No other soap is found in so many homes. - -THE PROCTER & GAMBLE CO., CIN'TI. - - - - -GEO. F. CRANE, - -90 Nassau St., - -NEW YORK, - -will pay cash for collection or scarce stamps. - - - - -[Illustration] - - - - -Books by Thomas W. Knox - - * * * * * - -THE "BOY TRAVELLERS" SERIES - -Copiously Illustrated. Square 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $3.00 per volume. - -ADVENTURES OF TWO YOUTHS-- - - IN THE LEVANT. - IN SOUTHERN EUROPE. - IN CENTRAL EUROPE. - IN NORTHERN EUROPE. - IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. - IN MEXICO. - IN AUSTRALASIA. - ON THE CONGO. - IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE. - IN SOUTH AMERICA. - IN CENTRAL AFRICA. - IN EGYPT AND PALESTINE. - IN CEYLON AND INDIA. - IN SIAM AND JAVA. - IN JAPAN AND CHINA. - -_OTHER BOOKS BY COLONEL KNOX:_ - -Hunting Adventures on Land and Sea - -2 vols. Copiously Illustrated. Square 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $2.50 -each. - - THE YOUNG NIMRODS IN NORTH AMERICA. - THE YOUNG NIMRODS AROUND THE WORLD. - - * * * * * - -There is, perhaps, no way in which young readers can become so truly -familiarized with a country, in all its resources and capabilities, as -by these books of Mr. Knox's.--_Boston Traveller._ - -Mr. Knox's pictures of mountains and rivers, forests and plains, of -people and their customs, modes of life and government, can be marked as -accurate. They are not fancy sketches, but actual facts gathered from -personal observation and from reliable data.--_Chicago Inter-Ocean._ - -Boy readers have their own favorite authors, and among them Colonel Knox -stands in a foremost place. He is a master of the art of adding to the -solid facts of geography and history the leaven of boyish imagination, -which makes the acquirement of information so agreeable to the mind in -its formation period.--_Philadelphia Inquirer._ - - * * * * * - -Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York - - - - -[Illustration: AN IMPERTINENT SPARROW.] - - "ON, KINGFISHER, HOW FARES YOUR QUEEN? - THE QUEENFISHER, OF COURSE, I MEAN." - - * * * * * - -THE MAIN DIFFERENCE. - -"Jack the Giant-killer was a very different sort of a person from Jack -of the Bean-stalk," said Wilbur. "One raised beans, but the other raised -thunder." - - * * * * * - -CAUGHT IN THE ACT. - -"I'm goin' to tell my pa on you," said Johnny Smithers, as the -blacksmith pared some of the bone away from the horse's hoof. - -"Why? What have I done?" asked the blacksmith. - -"You 'ain't got shoes to fit Dobbin, an' you're whittlin' off his feet -to suit those you have got." - - * * * * * - - I love to read of Indian fights-- - Fights big and rough and bloody, - When they are told in story-books-- - Not in the books I study. - - * * * * * - -LIKED THE NEW WAY BEST. - -"I don't see what's the use of my bothering my head learning to write," -quoth Tom. "It's a great deal more fun using a typewriter, and you don't -get your clothes all over ink." - - * * * * * - -DIDN'T CARE FOR THAT KIND. - -"How's the ice?" cried Jack. - -"Like glass," said Willie. - -"Then I'm going home," said Jack. "Glass isn't any good to skate on." - - * * * * * - -PAPA. "Your teacher sent me word saying that you failed in your spelling -lesson to-day. What was the cause of this?" - -JACK. "I guess, papa, I was spell-bound." - - * * * * * - -THE VERY BEST ZOO OF ALL. - - When daddy's made our bread for us, and comes back home at night, - We often have a lot of fun at playing pillow fight; - And sometimes when he's not too tired, and isn't feeling blue, - He'll get down on the floor with me, and play that he's a zoo. - - He'll roar and growl and shake his head as if he were a bear, - And do it so it really gives my nerves a little scare; - And then I climb in mamma's lap, where I'll be safe and sound, - And listen to his growling as he ambles all around. - - Then on a sudden he will change into a tiger bold, - And make believe to bite my feet until my blood runs cold, - But when he turns himself into a great long-necked giraffe, - And nibbles at the chandelier, oh my, how I do laugh! - - And then he takes his collar off and stretches out his throat, - And shoves a sofa pillow up his back beneath his coat, - And cries, "Come see the camel now, come watch him prance and jump! - And don't forget to fix your eye upon that massive hump!" - - But best of all the game is when he gets down on all-fours, - And 'tends that he's an elephant, and walks out through the doors - In search of peanuts, peering round on each and every side, - For then I get aboard his back and have a jolly ride. - - I've been to lots of circuses--I go 'most every year, - And see real zoos of every kind from lands both far and near; - But never did I see a zoo so really out of sight - As that that my dear daddy is, when he comes home at night. - - GASTON V. DRAKE. - - * * * * * - -Hibernating - -[Illustration] - - Said the little Jap doll on the mantel, - Addressing an art-loving bear - Who was whittled from wood by a Swiss lad, - "You're bearish enough, I declare!" - - "You keep your back turned ever toward me - Nor care if I laugh or I weep!" - The little wood bear never answered - --'Twas winter and he was asleep. - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 14, 1896, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE *** - -***** This file should be named 52416-8.txt or 52416-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/2/4/1/52416/ - -Produced by Annie R. 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Thus, we do not -necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper -edition. - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search -facility: www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. - diff --git a/old/52416-8.zip b/old/52416-8.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index a3c8c52..0000000 --- a/old/52416-8.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/52416-h.zip b/old/52416-h.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index db1e5e9..0000000 --- a/old/52416-h.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/52416-h/52416-h.htm b/old/52416-h/52416-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index c1c7c53..0000000 --- a/old/52416-h/52416-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3712 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> - <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> - <title> - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Harper's Round Table, January 14, 1896, by Various. - </title> - <style type="text/css"> - -body { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - - h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { - text-align: center; /* all headings centered */ - clear: both; -} - -p { - margin-top: .51em; - text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: .49em; -} - -.p2 {margin-top: 2em;} -.p4 {margin-top: 4em;} -.p6 {margin-top: 6em;} - -hr { - width: 33%; - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 2em; - margin-left: auto; - margin-right: auto; - clear: both; -} - -hr.tb {width: 45%;} -hr.chap {width: 65%} -hr.full {width: 95%;} - -table { - margin-left: auto; - margin-right: auto; -} - -.pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */ - /* visibility: hidden; */ - position: absolute; - left: 92%; - font-size: smaller; - text-align: right; -} /* page numbers */ - -.blockquot { - margin-left: 5%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - -.bbox {border: solid 2px;} - -.center {text-align: center;} - -.right {text-align: right;} - -.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} - -.caption {font-weight: bold;} - -/* Images */ -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - text-align: center; -} - -.figleft { - float: left; - clear: left; - margin-left: 0; - margin-bottom: 1em; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-right: 1em; - padding: 0; - text-align: center; -} - -.figright { - float: right; - clear: right; - margin-left: 1em; - margin-bottom: - 1em; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-right: 0; - padding: 0; - text-align: center; -} - - </style> - </head> -<body> - - -<pre> - -Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 14, 1896, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: Harper's Round Table, January 14, 1896 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: June 26, 2016 [EBook #52416] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#FOR_KING_OR_COUNTRY">FOR KING OR COUNTRY.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#SAMUEL_A_ANDREE_THE_NORTH-POLE_BALLOONIST">SAMUEL A. ANDRÉE, THE NORTH-POLE BALLOONIST.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_BATTER_THAT_WORKS_THREE_WAYS">A BATTER THAT WORKS THREE WAYS.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#AN_AWAKENING">AN AWAKENING.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_BLOW_FOR_CUBA">A BLOW FOR CUBA.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_MIDDLE_DAUGHTER">THE MIDDLE DAUGHTER.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_SURE_CURE">A SURE CURE.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_STRANGE_DISCOVERY">A STRANGE DISCOVERY.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#WHAT_IT_MEANS_TO_RUN_AN_OCEAN_GREYHOUND">WHAT IT MEANS TO RUN AN OCEAN GREYHOUND.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_EARLY_WORK_OF_THE_AUTHOR_OF_BEN-HUR">THE EARLY WORK OF THE AUTHOR OF "BEN-HUR."</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#REGULAR_EXERCISE_FOR_GIRLS">REGULAR EXERCISE FOR GIRLS.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT">INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THOMAS_W_KNOX">THOMAS W. KNOX.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_CAMERA_CLUB">THE CAMERA CLUB.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_PUDDING_STICK">THE PUDDING STICK.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#BICYCLING">BICYCLING.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#STAMPS">STAMPS.</a></td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_253" id="Page_253">[Pg 253]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 800px;"> -<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="800" height="263" alt="HARPER'S ROUND TABLE" /> -</div> - -<p class="center">Copyright, 1896, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>. All Rights Reserved.</p> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">published weekly</span>.</td><td align="center">NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JANUARY 14, 1896.</td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">five cents a copy</span>.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">vol. xvii.—no</span>. 846.</td><td align="center"></td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">two dollars a year</span>.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="FOR_KING_OR_COUNTRY" id="FOR_KING_OR_COUNTRY"></a> -<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="700" height="511" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>FOR KING OR COUNTRY.</h2> - -<h4>A Story of the Revolution.</h4> - -<h3>BY JAMES BARNES.</h3> - -<h3>CHAPTER XIII.</h3> - -<h3>"RICHARD BLOUNT," OF ALBANY.</h3> - -<p>It was a dark, murky night when George reached the headquarters at West -Point. He had been delayed often in the journey, having been forced to -hide in the woods to avoid meeting stragglers from the guerilla forces, -and once he saw a man ride to the top of a hill behind him and shadow -his eyes with his hat. His horse was almost worn out when he had reached -the American outposts. Here, however, there was no detention. He had -passports that would take him across the river, where the forces that -were making feints of threatening the British defences above the city -were stationed.</p> - -<p>After leaving the protection of the American arms he was to proceed on -foot and enter the British lines as best he could, and there demand to -be brought before the officials to whom he had despatches.</p> - -<p>It is a strange thing that even the strongest and frankest natures often -have the gift of dissembling when confronted with danger or necessity. A -half-dozen times as George had ridden through the woods he had thought -of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_254" id="Page_254">[Pg 254]</a></span> giving up the project. General Washington knew nothing of it, he -felt sure, and Colonel Hewes was known more for his brilliancy and dash -than for his caution. It seemed hardly possible that any scheme of such -tremendous importance as the capture of the British General could be -successful; the plotting could not go on under the very eyes of the -English; they would surely suspect something, and he knew what the fate -of a spy would be. He remembered the brave Nathan Hale, but was animated -none the less by the memory of this hero's last words, and the sorrow -that he had expressed at having "but one life to give for his country." -The question of right or wrong involved George did not weigh long in his -mind, and, to tell the truth, the mystery of the adventure had strongly -tempted him from the first.</p> - -<p>No one would have recognized our young Lieutenant as he stepped from the -boat into the glare of a lantern on the eastern shore of the Hudson—for -he had been ferried across the river, the very night of his arrival at -West Point. His brown hair was dyed black and straggled about his -shoulders. Instead of his long blue coat, he wore a gray jacket and a -short plum-colored waistcoat buttoned tightly to the throat; his legs -were encased in heavy riding-breeches, and stiff leather gaiters came up -to his knees. The big pouch in his pocket was filled with the precious -English guineas, and sewed on the inside lining of his waistcoat were -the despatches.</p> - -<p>The story of supposed hardships that he had faced in coming down from -Albany he had learned by heart, but it was hard for George to change the -soldierly carriage of his shoulders. He was stamped with the imprint of -military service. However, by placing a button in the sole of his left -boot, he reminded himself of the limp which Richard Blount was supposed -to have.</p> - -<p>The next day, at early dawn, he began his trip, and late in the -afternoon he rested at a farm-house, keeping out of sight as much as -possible. When darkness came on, under the guidance of a Lieutenant Peck -of a Connecticut regiment, he rode away once more southward toward the -city.</p> - -<p>It was almost four o'clock in the morning when Lieutenant Peck stopped. -The latter, out of delicacy, had asked no questions, and George had felt -in no mood for conversation. Their journey had been made in silence.</p> - -<p>"Here is the lone oak," said the Lieutenant, "and here I am to leave you -and take back the horses. This road will carry you to the British lines. -I wish you all success in your dangerous enterprise, for I can guess, -sir, what hardships and sacrifices you will have to make. God speed -you."</p> - -<p>George had dismounted. He shook the other's hand, thanked him, and -hastened down the road. The papers that were sewed inside his clothes -crinkled as he walked. He almost felt as if his courage would give out. -What was he going to face? Was he not being made the victim of a wild, -reckless enthusiast?</p> - -<p>Nevertheless he would not back out. It was not in the Frothingham blood -to turn. The family motto was "Onward." He would be true to it.</p> - -<p>As he walked ahead he kept making up his mind what he would say and how -he would appear. He was supposed not to be a country bumpkin, but a -youth of some education and appearance. He was not to go into hiding -when he reached the city, but to live openly, and to spend money -lavishly on the soldiers. He was not to talk overly much, but to listen -carefully, and to await the orders that he would receive, and act, when -the time came, with promptness and fearlessness. He had been going over -for the hundredth time the tale of his imaginary and wonderful passage -through the American lines; and had traversed perhaps eight or ten miles -from the spot where he had separated from Lieutenant Peck, when he saw -some men with guns on their shoulders crossing from the woods to the -left of the road.</p> - -<p>It was growing light, and it was evident from their movements that they -had detected him. Now a strange fear came into his mind. If they were -English, all would be right and well; but if they were Americans, it -would be hard for him to explain. It was good that this idea came to -him, for it made him act as a fugitive naturally would. He walked on as -if he had discovered nothing until he had placed the big trunk of a tree -between himself and the strangers standing on the hill-side, two of whom -were advancing toward him. Then he backed carefully away, still keeping -the tree between him and the approaching figures, until he reached the -stone wall at the road-side. He cleared this at a bound, and falling on -his hands and knees, crawled along in the direction he had been -pursuing. At last he found a patch of underbrush, and worked his way -into it cautiously as a skulking Iroquois might. Peering out through the -branches of a small pine he could clearly see the men that were walking -toward the tree behind, which he apparently had taken shelter, up the -road. He could see their surprised gestures when they found no one was -there. He saw them searching the ground for footprints, as there had -been a slight snow-fall, and of course his having walked backwards did -not betray him at first glance. He hoped that they were Englishmen, but -could not tell, for their uniform was a nondescript one like the -Americans. Suddenly, as he watched the slope from his hiding-place, he -saw the flash of a red coat, and then another. The man near the road -shouted something back to the top of the hill. It was evident that -George had come across an English outpost, and as it was now quite -day-light, he could see, down the road, a number of horses being led out -of a weather-beaten gray barn.</p> - -<p>So Lieutenant Frothingham, now "Richard Blount," of Albany, stepped from -his hiding-place, and walked boldly out to the road-side and seated -himself on the stone wall.</p> - -<p>For some reason the party who was searching the bushes further up had -not discerned him, but the man in the red coat had, and was seen coming -swiftly down the hill. The other joined him also, and soon the two were -within speaking distance.</p> - -<p>"Stand and deliver!" said the first, with his hand upon the butt of a -large pistol that he carried in his belt.</p> - -<p>"If you will pardon me," returned George, affecting a careless air, "I -had just as lief sit for awhile; and as to delivering, I have come a -long way to do it."</p> - -<p>"What mean you?" said the man, stepping across the road and coming -closer. The others had by this time come down also, and our young hero -found himself confronted by a group of curious faces. The nondescripts -had proved to be Tory irregulars.</p> - -<p>"I mean just this," said George: "you are English—John Bulls, are you -not? I am Richard Blount, of Albany. I have some letters for General -Howe and his Lordship; and I have crawled, walked, and stolen through -the American lines, and it is my desire to reach New York. Anything that -you can do for me I am sure will be appreciated by my family and the -gentlemen I wish to see."</p> - -<p>The officer laughed and advanced. "I am happy to meet you, sir," he -said. "How did you do it?"</p> - -<p>"I kept to the woods mostly, and used some Indian tactics, doubtless," -answered George.</p> - -<p>"He knows them well," broke in a voice. "See how he escaped us up the -road."</p> - -<p>"I feared you were Yankees," was "Mr. Blount's" rejoinder. "I will be -grateful to you, sir, if you will bring me to where I can get a -Christian meal, for I am half famished, and no dissembling."</p> - -<p>He descended from his perch on the stone wall and approached the -officer.</p> - -<p>"Here are my credentials, sir," he said, unbuttoning his coat and showing -the letters sewed into the lining. "If you can hasten me on my way to -the city and recommend me to a tailor, for I am a stranger there, I -shall be greatly in your debt."</p> - -<p>"'Twill be a pleasure, sir," said the officer, glancing at the first -paper George had extended. "Will you give us the honor of breakfasting -with our mess? We are quartered in the farm-house yonder."</p> - -<p>George accepted, and the two young men walked down the road.</p> - -<p>To his surprise, George had sunk his own individuality. He had no idea -that it would be so easy or so interesting. He seemed to feel that he -was Richard Blount. He limped<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_255" id="Page_255">[Pg 255]</a></span> beside the officer down the road, and -chatted freely about the difficulties of his trip from Albany. There's a -difference between lying and acting, and our young Lieutenant, though he -did not know it, or perhaps had but discovered it, was an actor through -and through.</p> - -<p>He had caution enough not to embroider his narrative too freely, but -stuck closely to the main idea that he had memorized; and he found that -it was very easy to answer questions with questions—a common trick in -America, the subtlety of which had not seemed to penetrate the English -mind.</p> - -<p>He found also, to his surprise, that he entertained the others by his -assumption of a dry vein of humor.</p> - -<p>"I might as well have Richard amuse them," he thought to himself, and -made some remark about one of the thin horses which was being groomed in -the front yard.</p> - -<p>The officer laughed and ushered him into the little room.</p> - -<p>A handsome young man in his shirt sleeves was bending over the open -fireplace cooking something in a frying-pan. He looked over his shoulder -as George and the party entered.</p> - -<p>The young spy started. He remembered where he had seen this young man -before; he had dined with him at Mr. Wyeth's.</p> - -<p>"What have we here?" asked the officer.</p> - -<p>George's heart beat once more quite freely.</p> - -<p>"A hungry man," he responded, before any one could speak, "who would -stand you a bottle of Madeira for your mess of pottage."</p> - -<p>The other laughed, and soon Richard Blount was introduced. They inquired -over and over again concerning the strength of the American forces, and, -to tell the truth, the numbers did not suffer curtailing at George's -hands.</p> - -<p>"Why, for three days," he said, "I appeared to be crawling through the -midst of an army."</p> - -<p>"You did it well," responded one of the officers; "but, by the Dragon, -you look a little like an Indian."</p> - -<p>"'Tis no disgrace, sir," George answered quickly, affecting to be -angered at the other's tone. "'Tis an honor to be allied to the chiefs -of our Northern tribes. Perhaps you did not know—" He stopped.</p> - -<p>"Pardon me," said the one who had last spoken. "I did not mean it as you -have taken it. It was through my ignorance I spoke, as you assume."</p> - -<p>After the meal, which gave some excuse for shortening the conversation, -George asked to be sent down to the city.</p> - -<p>"Can't you send me with a guard of honor?" he asked. "I will pay well -for it."</p> - -<p>"I cannot spare the men," answered the first officer, politely, who -appeared to be in command of the picket, "but your neighbor on the right -is going to town. He will accompany you, and save you the trouble of -explaining and drawing out your papers at every cross-road."</p> - -<p>"Thank you for the offer," said George. "And can you recommend the best -inn that has a good cellar and table? for it seems to me that I have -lived on parched corn for the last twelvemonth."</p> - -<p>In a short time he was mounted on a spare horse, and was plying his -conductor with questions as they traversed the streets of the town of -Harlem and passed over the undulating hills dotted with handsome -residences that adorned Manhattan Island. As they came into the city the -ravages of the fire were visible to the westward; almost one-third of -the town had suffered. There appeared to be soldiers, soldiers -everywhere. They were quartered in every house, barracked in every large -building. They passed a gloomy-looking structure that had once been "The -City Farms."</p> - -<p>"For what do they use that?" inquired George.</p> - -<p>"'Tis jammed to the top with 'rebel' prisoners," replied the officer. "I -wish they could tow it out into the river and sink it there."</p> - -<p>George flushed hotly, but said nothing, and they made their way from the -King's Road into one of the cross streets.</p> - -<p>"You had best stop at the 'City Arms,'" said the officer. "I will come -to-morrow myself to conduct you to General Howe."</p> - -<p>"Thank you most kindly," said George. "But I must get some clothes -first. I could not appear before the honorable gentlemen in this -costume."</p> - -<p>"Do you intend seeking an appointment?" inquired his companion.</p> - -<p>"No," answered George; "I am lame."</p> - -<p>The officer reddened, for he was a gentleman. "I hope I shall see you -to-morrow then," he said. "Good-rest to you."</p> - -<p>They had halted before the inn with the broad verandas. The whole scene -looked very natural. Some church bell struck the hour, and a finely -emblazoned coach came bowling down Broadway. Red and the mark of the -crown were everywhere. George walked into the inn and called for the -landlord. Taking the handsomest room in the house, and kept to it, -feigning fatigue, the rest of that afternoon; how odd it seemed to Mr. -Richard Blount! When he came down for his dinner he noticed that the -landlord was unusually polite, and called him at once by name. He could -not help but smile, for he remembered how he had watched this fat -palm-rubbing individual stand in his doorway when he and his brother -William had gone on that well-remembered walk about the city only a few -years before.</p> - -<p>"Ah! Mr. Blount," said the landlord, "we are glad to have you here. I -know your family in Albany well, and your father has often been a guest -under my roof. My humble regards to him."</p> - -<p>"Indeed!" said George. "Have you seen any of my people lately?"</p> - -<p>"Your uncle, of course," the landlord responded.</p> - -<p>George's heart almost stopped beating. What if this uncle were in New -York at present? How foolish it was for him to have undertaken any -venture so certain of detection and surrounded with so many obstacles!</p> - -<p>"Oh, yes, yes!" went on the landlord. "He told me you were coming."</p> - -<p>"I wish I could see him," said George—adding to himself, "From a place -where he could not see me."</p> - -<p>"He will be away for some time. He has gone to Connecticut," said his -host.</p> - -<p>"Ah! indeed!" quoth young Frothingham, with a sigh of relief. Then he -added, below his breath, "I wish it were Kamchatka. I forgot that I had -an uncle. This will never do." But the humor of the situation struck -him, and he smiled.</p> - -<p>Sitting near a window he watched the groups passing up and down the -street. How easy it had been; no danger had confronted him as yet. -Everything seemed to fall into his hands. He began to whistle softly to -himself; then suddenly stopped and fairly shivered. The air he had been -whistling was "The White Cockade." He remembered how that tune and -"Yankee Doodle" had stirred the half-starving soldiers on the banks of -the Delaware. And this reminded him of something else.</p> - -<p>"Take care, Richard Blount, take care," he said, "or your Yankee blood -will get the better of you."</p> - -<p>He wrinkled his forehead in a perplexed way for a minute, and placed his -hand inside his coat. Yes, there it was, sewed up with the rest—the -letter of poor Luke Bonsall to his mother. It would be a sad thing to -break the news, but it was a trust. At last he went up stairs to his -room, and ripped the letters from his waistcoat lining. He had pasted -the cipher alphabet on a stiff bit of leather which hung from a cord -around his neck. Tacked loosely over it, so as to hide it carefully, was -a miniature of none other than Aunt Clarissa in her days of youth and -beauty. It was the only one he could procure, and a safe hiding-place it -would have made, for no one would have thought of looking back of a -lady's portrait, and especially Aunt Clarissa's, for an important Yankee -cipher. The magnifying-glass was covered with snuff in his small round -snuff-box. He lit a candle, and began to write carefully and -laboriously. It was late at night when he had finished. His chamber -window opened upon a sloping roof which was bordered by a high stone -wall. It was but the work of a moment to slip from the wall to the -ground. He found himself in Waddell Lane. The despatch which he had -written with the aid of the hieroglyphics was safe in his pocket, and -now for the post-box of the conspirators.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_256" id="Page_256">[Pg 256]</a></span></p> - -<p>A group of drunken soldiers reeled by him. One was singing at the top of -his voice. From the light of a window at his elbow George saw that it -was Corporal McCune, whom he remembered as the tall soldier to whom he -and his beloved brother had asserted their loyalty to the King when on -their first trip to the city.</p> - -<p>What surprised George the most as he walked along was the smoothness -with which everything had worked. Perhaps Colonel Hewes's reputation for -rashness was entirely undeserved. Though he did not know exactly as yet -what the project was in which he was to be a factor, yet, inflamed by -the excitement, he could not doubt its successful accomplishment.</p> - -<p>What the morrow would bring forth it was hard to tell. In the letter -which he had written, or, better, printed, he had told his name, who had -sent him, what he had come for, where he was stopping—in fact, had -given an accurate description of himself and his supposed individuality. -The letter added that he was waiting for his course of action to be -determined upon by any orders he might receive.</p> - -<p>It had again commenced to snow, and the board sidewalk was already -covered with the downy film of white. How well he remembered everything! -He knew the little shop across the way with the tops and candy jars in -the window. And here was the blacksmith's, where he had stood in the -doorway, with his arm around William's shoulder, and watched the sparks -fly, and heard the anvil sing and clang. Oh, what good times they were! -Would he ever have his arm around his brother's shoulder again, or would -he ever feel the comforting touch of William's arm about his own? -Thoughts began to rush through his mind, and the harder he thought the -faster he walked.</p> - -<p>But here he was at the orchard; here was the picket-fence. Now he -recalled the signal, for he bent down and picked up a branch. He broke -it into three pieces, and placed the first piece behind the third -picket, the second behind the sixth, and the third behind the ninth. -Colonel Hewes had instructed him to do this as a signal to the others of -his safe arrival. Then he walked to the turn-stile and stopped for a -minute, his heart beating fast. Even in the darkness, although objects -at a distance were most indistinct, he could see that footprints had -been lately made in the snow ahead of him. He stepped through the -turn-stile, keeping his eyes on the footprints ahead of him; they ran to -the second tree and stopped! Now, strange to say, the tracks ahead led -directly to the trunk of the second tree, and instinctively George felt -that whoever it was that made them was not far off. Without apparently -raising his head, he glanced up with his eyes, stumbling at the same -time in a way that might account for the slight halt. Yes, he had seen -it plainly. There was a figure sitting cross-legged on the lower branch, -so close that he could have touched it with a stick. On an occasion like -this thoughts must be quick, and George did the best thing that he could -have done, for he hastened across the orchard as if nothing had -occurred. When he reached the other side and the little lane that ran -from some farm buildings, he turned about the corner of a hay-stack.</p> - -<p>It was not hard for him to work himself a little way into the damp, -yielding hay. He waited patiently, and his patience was rewarded, for, -following the footprints that he had made, came a thick-set, muffled -figure in a voluminous cape. How a man as large as that could ever hoist -himself up on the branch of an apple-tree seven feet from the ground so -easily and so noiselessly he could not see, nor could he make out the -stranger's features. He was muffled to the eyes. When he had passed, the -young spy drew himself cautiously out of the hay, and walked after the -retreating footsteps, bending over, and keeping well behind the piles of -hay and fodder. But the other's hearing must have been acute, for he -paused.</p> - -<p>"What's that, I say?" came an intense voice.</p> - -<p>George thought he detected a sharp metallic clicking. It was the cocking -of the hammer of a pistol.</p> - -<p>The only answer to the man's hail, however, was the quick, -half-frightened barking of a dog.</p> - -<p>"Get out, you beast!" said the voice, and a bit of stick struck the -ground where George was crouching on all-fours.</p> - -<p>Further down the street the man passed by a lighted window. He turned -down his collar, and if George had been there, he would have been most -astounded.</p> - -<p>It was Rivington, the King's Printer!</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="SAMUEL_A_ANDREE_THE_NORTH-POLE_BALLOONIST" id="SAMUEL_A_ANDREE_THE_NORTH-POLE_BALLOONIST">SAMUEL A. ANDRÉE, THE NORTH-POLE BALLOONIST.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY WILFRID DE FOUVIELLE.</h3> - -<p>The year 1881 was a great date in North Pole exploration. The most -influential civilized nations sent out a dozen scientific parties to -study the peculiarities of those desolate regions as accurately as can -be determined without paying a visit to the centre of that mysterious -territory.</p> - -<p>The Swedish explorers made their headquarters at Cape Thorsden, on the -southeastern island of the Spitzberg archipelago. This expedition, led -by Mr. Elkholm, a distinguished physicist attached to the celebrated -Upsal University, achieved considerable success. The members returned -home in good condition, after having wintered in an excellent -observatory, collected a large number of important readings, and -carrying back hundreds of photograms, minerals, and specimens of -vegetable and animal life in that far northern land.</p> - -<p>The youngest member of this party was Mr. Samuel A. Andrée, son of an -apothecary in business near Stockholm, and a graduate of the Swedish -Polytechnic School. At that moment Mr. Andrée had not completed his -twenty-fifth year. He had been appointed a member of the scientific -staff through the influence of the Baron Nordenskjöld, the greatest -living Scandinavian polar explorer, and an intimate friend of the -Swedish King. Mr. Andrée's special duty on this first expedition was to -keep track of Sir William Thomson's (now Lord Kelvin) electrometers, and -to report on other scientific peculiarities.</p> - -<p>Mr. Andrée is a genuine offspring of the famous sea-kings. He is very -tall, powerfully built, with a prominent forehead, blue eyes, and a -forest of fair early hair, and is endowed with great muscular strength. -As for his mental capacities, he is a talented writer and speaker, and -can converse in German and English as fluently as in his native tongue, -while he speaks French well enough to make himself easily understood by -an audience. Mr. Andrée's practical education has not been neglected, -and he knows how to use a hammer, a file, or a chisel as well as any -trained workman. On account of his manual acquirements he was selected -by the chief of the exploring party to keep the registering apparatus in -order, a difficult and painful operation during the terrific cold of the -dreary polar nights.</p> - -<p>Before he had attained his thirtieth year Mr. Andrée received the -appointment of chief engineer of the Swedish Patent-Office. It is -probable that he would have devoted<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_257" id="Page_257">[Pg 257]</a></span> the whole of his life to the -performance of these attractive official duties had he not felt, during -his wintering in the northern regions, the irresistible spell of a more -risky and enticing vocation. When he visited me in Paris last summer on -his way to the International Geographical Congress, held in London, he -confessed that it was in the presence of those grand and impressive -scenes he had resolved to win for his native country the fame of having -reached the North Pole first.</p> - -<p>It was in 1889 that Mr. Andrée decided to make balloon ascensions. -Receiving aid from a Swedish scientific fund and from the Stockholm -Academy of Sciences, he had the <i>Swea</i> built in Paris, under the -supervision of the Swedish Minister. (<i>Swea</i> is the poetic name for -Sweden.) This balloon measured 30,000 cubic feet. Mr. Andrée's first -ascension took place from Stockholm on July 15, 1893. He was quite alone -in the car, and this enabled him to reach an altitude of 11,000 feet, -after having passed successively through two layers of clouds, -accurately ascertained the direction of the wind prevailing at several -levels, and studied other important scientific matters, which have -proved valuable to students in all branches of science the world over. -He published a graphic account of his first experiences in the -<i>Aftonbladet</i>, one of the most influential papers in Sweden, to which he -had previously been a popular contributor. In this account he described -his sensations as soon as he had lost sight of land, and also when he -perceived that he would be immersed in the sea unless he found a -serviceable breeze that would carry him towards land. Fortunately the -breeze came in time.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 266px;"> -<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="266" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">ANDRÉE'S GUIDING SAIL.</span> -</div> - -<p>On October 19th of the same year Mr. Andrée made another ascension, in -the course of which almost any inexperienced aeronaut would have been -lost. As soon as he had passed through a layer of clouds, which up to -that moment had entirely concealed the earth from view, he saw that he -was passing at an immense distance from land over the very centre of the -Baltic. With a calm hand he gently lowered his guide-rope, and observed -that the friction on the water was greatly diminishing the velocity with -which the wind was carrying the Swea away from the sea-ports, where he -could reasonably expect to be rescued by casual ships. Then he tried to -reduce the velocity even more by attaching two sacks of ballast to the -end of his guide-rope. This simple combination, conceived under the -pressure of a great danger, led him to a discovery. He found that he -could make the balloon turn slightly to the right or left by using a -sail when lowering the guide-rope, not only on sea, but on a vast -expanse of land. Mr. Andrée tried this important experiment during an -ascension made on July 14, 1894, at Gottenburg. The change of course -that he obtained with a moderate-sized sail and a heavy guide-rope was -estimated from ten to thirty degrees, not only as shown by his compass, -but also according to the testimony of competent persons who had -witnessed this extraordinary ascension, when, for the first time, a man -had made a balloon sail on the wind.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 328px;"> -<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="328" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">IN THE CAR OF THE SWEA.</span> -</div> - -<p>An eventful ending was reserved for this ascension, during which the -young Swedish engineer had so cleverly combined the force of the wind -with the friction it generates, and utilized both for varying at will -the direction of the balloon to the right or left from the air current. -The sun was fast declining when Mr. Andrée conceived for the first time -this great idea, which may prove so useful for reaching the North Pole. -He soon observed a small island straight ahead in the direction he was -then following, and at once threw out a sack of ballast. His guide-rope -was freed from the waves in an instant, and the Swea darted forward at a -rapid rate for the desired land. Ten minutes had not elapsed when Mr. -Andrée saw, with a feeling of deep satisfaction and even rapture, the -shore lying about a hundred yards directly under his feet. Then he threw -his whole weight on his valve-rope, hundreds of cubic feet of gas -instantly escaped, the Swea struck land with a shock, and the car was -overturned. Our aeronaut, to his great satisfaction, was thrown, at full -length on the ground.</p> - -<p>Being young in the art of balloon management, Mr. Andrée could not -imagine how quickly events happen in aerial navigation. Before he could -grasp a rope the Swea had vanished in the air, and he was left alone on -the island, without any food or covering, exposed to the cold of those -latitudes during a long and dismal October night. Naturally enough, he -found in his pocket a box of matches, for the manufacture of these -useful objects is a specialty in his native country. He gathered a few -dry weeds and dead shrubs and lighted a fire. While warming his tired -and hungry body he had plenty of time to meditate over the hardships of -his unenviable position. The island, which seemed allotted to him by -fate, was not two furlongs long and one wide, and had no water. It was -one of the thousand rocky and barren islets composing the Finnish -archipelago, and there was but slight possibility that any vessel sent -from Sweden could discover his retreat in time to save him from the most -terrible of fates, death from hunger and thirst.</p> - -<p>As soon as the sun was up on the following morning Mr. Andrée ran to the -crest of a little rocky eminence, and kept screaming at the top of his -voice for more than an hour. Then he sat down exhausted and burst into -tears. Finally his swollen eyes perceived a cloud of smoke upon the -horizon. Surely it must be a steamer! No doubt the steamer was rapidly -nearing the island! The unfortunate aeronaut<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_258" id="Page_258">[Pg 258]</a></span> wrecked from the skies was -about to be rescued! In his joy he danced and resumed his screamings. -For a while he was elated. He had some right to believe that he had been -seen from the deck, as the ship was steering straight towards the -island. But the vessel changed its course, and in spite of the -balloonist's piercing cries, disappeared.</p> - -<p>This unlucky departure would have driven many a resolute man to despair. -For Mr. Andrée it was a lesson. He at once understood that it was -impossible for any one on a vessel to see a human figure on this -desolate island, and that he must contrive a more showy signal than his -body, notwithstanding he was tall and strongly built. After having -meditated for half an hour—an eternity under the circumstances—he made -a sort of stout stick by tying together with weeds a lot of branches -torn from the shrubs. At the end of this stick he attached his trousers, -and waved them wildly over his head, after having mounted to the top of -the hill.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="400" height="362" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">ANDRÉE'S ESCAPE FROM THE ISLAND.</span> -</div> - -<p>This unnamed island where Mr. Andrée was left is situated a few miles -from Brunskär, which has two houses. One of the two is owned by a -tailor, who goes around once or twice a week in a boat to visit his -customers, who are dispersed over the archipelago. Of course the -tailor's eyes were attracted by the sight of a pair of trousers floating -in the air, and he rowed to the spot to see what such a signal meant. -And this is how Mr. Andrée was restored to life, and thus enabled to -pursue his grand idea of reaching the North Pole in a balloon.</p> - -<p>Having given some idea of Mr. Andrée's career, and shown a few traits of -his energetic character, I purpose, as soon as possible, to tell my -young readers the story of the preparations he is now making for this -great aerial voyage, which is attracting the interest of scientific -people all over the world. Mr. Andrée will start on this perilous voyage -some time this year, probably in July, if he can get all things ready by -that time. His friend, Mr. Elkholm, will accompany him, and it is not -impossible that the explorers may land somewhere in America, after -having passed, perhaps, over the North Pole, or at least very near it.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 274px;"> -<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="274" height="285" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">SAMUEL A. ANDRÉE.</span> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="A_BATTER_THAT_WORKS_THREE_WAYS" id="A_BATTER_THAT_WORKS_THREE_WAYS">A BATTER THAT WORKS THREE WAYS.</a></h2> - -<p>With very slight change one may convert the same material into several -varieties of fancy bread. Southern cooks understand this so well that -they frequently set aside a mixture, after having supplied the -breakfast-table with griddle-cakes, only to have it reappear at luncheon -in quite different guise—as "pone," muffins, egg-bread, or "pop-overs." -If kept in a cool place an ordinary batter will remain sweet for -twenty-four hours, and the addition of an egg or a spoonful of -baking-powder will quickly restore its lightness.</p> - -<p>By way of proving the many-sidedness of certain mixtures, let us see how -the use of muffin-cups, waffle-irons, and frying-pan will alter results, -and turn out for us "Virginia puffs," "Aunt Sally's waffles," and "bell -fritters." The necessary ingredients for all three dainties are: 1 quart -of milk; 1½ pints of flour (half a pint to be set aside for fritters, -which require more than puffs or waffles); 4 eggs; a table-spoonful of -butter and lard combined; a heaping teaspoonful of baking-powder; a -small teaspoonful of salt.</p> - -<p>The Virginia puffs will require everything except the half-pint of flour -reserved for fritters.</p> - -<p>Set aside a coffee-cup of milk, and put the rest in a farina-kettle over -a brisk fire.</p> - -<p>Sift a pint of flour into a bowl. Gradually pour over it the coffee-cup -of cold milk, heating until it becomes a smooth paste. By this time the -remainder of the milk will be hot enough (it must not boil) to stir -little by little into the paste. Next add the butter, lard, and salt, -then the baking-powder mixed in a little dry flour.</p> - -<p>Now beat, beat, beat with a big spoon and plenty of muscle, for the -success and puffiness of your puffs depend largely on the amount of -energy expended on them.</p> - -<p>Whisk the whites of two eggs to a stiff froth. Beat the whites of two -and yolks of three together, very light, and beat them into the batter, -the frothed whites last.</p> - -<p>Have your muffin-cups hot and well buttered. Pour in the mixture, and -bake twenty to twenty-five minutes in a quick oven. Serve the moment -they are up to the top of the cups and a nice brown color, otherwise -they will fall and grow sodden.</p> - -<p>The same receipt, minus baking-powder and lard, makes excellent waffles. -If you like them thick and soft, fill the irons well with batter. If -they are preferred thin and crisp, use less. Should they still seem too -solid, thin with a little milk.</p> - -<p>The secret of good waffles is the cooking. The irons must be constantly -turned over a steady fire to prevent blistering or scorching and to give -to both sides an appearance of evenness. Never wait to bake a quantity, -but serve as fast as the iron turns them out.</p> - -<p>When you have reached the point mentioned in directions for Virginia -puffs where the quart of milk has been stirred into a pint of flour, -leave the paste to grow cold. Before dinner beat in the four eggs and a -half-pint of dry flour.</p> - -<p>These fritters are delicious with a hot sauce for dessert, but may be -metamorphosed into an entrée by the addition of bananas, apples, or -apricots, cut small and stirred lightly into the batter at the last -moment before frying.</p> - -<p>Put a pound or more of best leaf lard in a deep iron skillet, and let it -come to a boil. Dip the fritter mixture up in a large kitchen spoon. -Hold over the skillet, and cut it from the spoon with a knife. It will -fall into the hot lard somewhat in the form of the bowl of the spoon. -The name "bell" implies that they should not be flat and shapeless, but -nicely rounded.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="AN_AWAKENING" id="AN_AWAKENING">AN AWAKENING.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY JOHN KENDRICK BANGS.</h3> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">I used to think that Fido was a most exciting pet;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">He'd come up in the morning and beneath the bed-clothes get,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">And play that he was savage, and go biting at my toes;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">But now he doesn't scare me—little Fi no longer goes.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">I used to think our gardener a hero great and grand,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">The biggest man of all the big in all our great big land;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">But now I take no stock in him; he doesn't interest,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">Although to make a wonder he just tries his level best.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">You see, somebody gave me, not so very long ago,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">A little book of fairy tales—it's wonderful, you know,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">To read about the fearful things they do in books like that.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">And it's what's made old Fido and the gardener seem flat.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">I want a dragon for a pet—a dragon big and fierce—</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">That feeds on fire and powder, with a glance that seems to pierce,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">I sort of don't get wrought up by old Fido when I read</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">Of how that fierce old dragon takes in lions for his feed.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">And as for John the garden man, he doesn't seem to me</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">One half the hero that one time I thought that he must be,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">For he don't kill off giants, like Hop o' my Thumb and Jack,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">And all my liking for his tales is growing very slack.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">So, daddy, get a dragon that will jump into my bed</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">Each morning when the sun comes up, and sniff about my head</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">The way old Fido does, and let the market garden go</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 13em;">To some real ogre-killer, like Great Jacky was, you know.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_259" id="Page_259">[Pg 259]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="A_BLOW_FOR_CUBA" id="A_BLOW_FOR_CUBA">A BLOW FOR CUBA.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY WILLIAM BANKS, JUN.</h3> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 143px;"> -<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="143" height="150" alt="Drop Cap I" /> -</div> - -<p>t was a very hot day even for Cuba. Every living thing moved listlessly. -The great Spanish flag, hanging from the tall slender staff just inside -the gate of the fort, drooped like the wings of a tired bird. The -sentries were almost gasping for breath. In the barracks the men -grumbled and railed at the fate which had brought them from home and -friends to fight in a country where fever thinned their ranks far more -effectively than did the bullets of the insurgents.</p> - -<p>On a slight hill about a mile from the fort a man and a youth were -lolling lazily on the ground. The lad was about eighteen years of age, -tall, well-built, and unmistakably an American. His companion, a native -Cuban, was at least thirty years old, short, but with a frame denoting -immense strength.</p> - -<p>They had been watching the fort for an hour or more through a powerful -field-glass, and following closely the movements of the sentries on the -wall nearest them.</p> - -<p>"Pah!" said the lad at last, "they're only a lot of boys."</p> - -<p>The man smiled at him meaningly, and the lad blushed.</p> - -<p>"I know," he continued, hesitatingly, "that you're thinking I'm just a -boy too; but," proudly, "I'm an American."</p> - -<p>"So," answered the man, softly; "and had I a few score such lads as you -in my command I'd strike a great blow for Cuba to-day."</p> - -<p>"How, Captain Marto?" was the eager question.</p> - -<p>"By taking yonder fort by storm," was the quiet reply.</p> - -<p>The youth's father was a prisoner in the fort, and the incidents which -led up to his capture may be here described. For five years Mr. Hinton, -a native of Pennsylvania State, had resided with his son Ben in Havana, -where he carried on business as a general merchant. His wife had died -while on a visit to her old American home. Among Cubans Mr. Hinton was -well known as a sympathizer in their cause. Immediately on receipt of -the news in Havana that General Antonio Maceo had taken the field he -decided to lend his active aid to the Cuban leader. Not wishing his son -to share in the dangers of a struggle in which he knew that the -Spaniards would show no mercy to any who took up arms against them, Mr. -Hinton had suggested that Ben go back to relatives in America. This -proposition the lad stoutly opposed. Ben knew by heart the stories of -the brave efforts which the Cubans had so often made in their attempts -to throw off the Spanish yoke. The names of Maceo, Gomez, Marto, and -other revolutionists were held in high estimation by him, and, with that -intense love of freedom inherited by every American boy, he had -determined, long before he knew his father's views on the subject, to -strike a blow in the coming struggle for Cuban independence. His father -was at last compelled to consent to Ben's accompanying him.</p> - -<p>Accordingly, one evening Mr. Hinton, Marto, and Ben left Havana -secretly. By travelling at night, and lying concealed during the day in -the huts of natives, and sometimes in the woods, they reached the -outskirts of the province of Puerto Principe. Here, at the little -village in which Marto was born, thirty natives joined them. Marto was -elected captain of the band. Feeling somewhat secure, on account of -their numbers, the band travelled through the country by day, taking the -most direct route for Maceo's camp. But one morning they were suddenly -surrounded by an overwhelming force of Spanish soldiers. With desperate -courage, Captain Marto, Ben, and some twenty-five men cut their way out -of the cordon of soldiers and sought safety in flight.</p> - -<p>It was not until the Spaniards gave up the chase that any one noticed -that Mr. Hinton was not with the party. Poor Ben was in a frenzy, and, -but for Captain Marto and a couple of men restraining him by force, -would have rushed back to the scene of the conflict to seek for his -father. Wiser counsel prevailed, however, and towards evening a man who -joined the party brought comparative happiness to Ben by the report that -he had watched from the woods a party of Spanish soldiers marching along -with an American prisoner in their midst. The description of the -prisoner tallied so closely with that of Mr. Hinton as to leave no doubt -of his identity.</p> - -<p>Then Marto, who loved Mr. Hinton as a brother, had determined that, at -whatever cost, his American friend must be rescued.</p> - -<p>"Why," he had said to Ben, "I dare not go to Maceo without him, and I -would not if I could. Tho General is expecting him, and will give him a -command as soon as he arrives at the camp."</p> - -<p>"Which," Ben had answered, gloomily enough, "will never be."</p> - -<p>"Which," Marto had retorted, somewhat testily, "must and will be."</p> - -<p>Two days after the fight they located the fort which was the -headquarters of the soldiers who had attacked them, and it was this Ben -and Captain Marto were watching when our story opens. The band had spent -three days in the neighborhood, but as yet had not even succeeded in -letting the prisoner know that his friends had not totally deserted him.</p> - -<p>The fort was a very rude affair, the walls being constructed of two -thicknesses of logs with earth packed between. An earthen embankment ran -around the inner side of the walls, and at such a height that when the -soldiers appeared on it their bodies from the waist up offered a -splendid target to an enemy. Some two hundred and fifty men formed the -garrison, and they were quartered in a huge two-storied log barracks in -the centre of the enclosed ground. In front of the barracks, and about -twenty feet from it, was a small hut, in which Ben and Captain Marto, by -the aid of the field-glass, had learnt Mr. Hinton was confined.</p> - -<p>Continuing their conversation, Captain Marto and Ben had decided that -the attempted rescue must be made that night. They knew that the great -heat would have a depressing effect on the Spaniards, and they knew also -that after nightfall not more than three sentries patrolled the walls of -the fort. Many plans were discussed whereby success might reasonably be -expected to attend their venture, but the one upon which it was finally -decided to act was suggested by Ben.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="600" height="438" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">MARTO GRASPED THE SENTRY AND THREW HIM OVER THE WALL.</span> -</div> - -<p>In accordance with that plan, after the night was well advanced, Captain -Marto and Ben, with eight men, lay in the shadows under the eastern wall -of the fort. They listened until they heard the sentry walk past the -position they occupied, and then Marto, mounting upon the shoulders of -two of the men, scrambled to the top of the wall. He dropped softly to -the embankment, and lay as close to the logs as he possibly could. -Shortly the sentry came along on his return patrol, humming a Spanish -song. He did not notice the prostrate form until he almost trod upon it. -It was then too late to give a warning, for Marto sprang up, and with -all the strength of which he was capable, struck the man full on the -mouth, and followed this up immediately by grasping him around the waist -and fairly throwing him over the wall. Here a dozen hands quickly -grasped the soldier, who was gagged and bound before he could utter a -cry.</p> - -<p>Then one by one the Cubans with Ben scrambled up, and the whole ten made -a rush for the small hut. Three sleepy guards were cut down in a few -seconds, the door of the building was forced open, and Mr. Hinton was -led out by his son.</p> - -<p>"Dad! dear old Dad!" cried Ben.</p> - -<p>"Ben! my boy!" was the answer, and the voices of father and son betrayed -deep emotion.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_260" id="Page_260">[Pg 260]</a></span></p> - -<p>At this moment a shot was fired, and a sentry on the western wall fell. -Instantly a tremendous hubbub arose within the barracks, and the -Spaniards, some of whom had already been aroused by the scuffle with Mr. -Hinton's guards, began to pour out of the building. All were armed, -though many were only half dressed; but before they had time to load -their rifles the remaining Cubans, who had got into the ground by way of -the western wall, joined Captain Marto and those with him, and the -little band of twenty-five flung themselves on the Spaniards.</p> - -<p>While the fighting was going on Ben suddenly found himself thrust -against something, which proved to be the flag-pole, and, looking up, -discovered the Spanish flag waving overhead. The idea at once occurred -to him to take advantage of the laxity of discipline among the Spanish -troops. He hauled on the ropes, but for some reason they would not work. -Placing his clasp-knife between his teeth, he climbed the staff, until -he clasped the folds of the flag with his left hand; then he was -compelled to sever the halyards with his knife.</p> - -<p>From his airy perch Ben turned his eyes in the direction of the -struggle. He could barely distinguish the outlines of the surging mass -of men. But high above the din of oaths and cries in Spanish, the clash -of bayonet, sword-blade, and the favorite Cuban weapon, the machete, -arose the exulting cry: "Cuba libre! Cuba libre!"</p> - -<p>The lad's soul was thrilled. "Surely," he muttered to himself, "Cuba for -the Cubans will soon be a fact and not a dream. But they must retire."</p> - -<p>Even as the word left his lips, a single long shrill note from a whistle -pierced the air. It was a prearranged signal, and it came none too soon; -for now, somewhat recovered from the suddenness of the attack, the -Spaniards, realizing the small force opposed to them, were driving the -Cubans back by sheer weight of numbers.</p> - -<p>At the signal, however, the Cubans retired with surprising swiftness, -carrying with them the bodies of several of their comrades who had -fallen. As they passed the staff Ben slipped down amongst them, the flag -bundled up under his left arm. The gate had already been opened by two -Cubans, who had been assigned that duty. The whole band rushed through, -three or four men in mere bravado lingering to pull the gate to after -them.</p> - -<p>As they fled several Spaniards mounted the embankment and sent a volley -after them, one bullet striking Ben's left arm. A little cry of pain -escaped him, but he clinched his teeth, and grasping the flag still -tighter, hurried on.</p> - -<p>No pursuit was made, and after placing two miles between themselves and -the fort, a halt was called. Torches were lit, and by their fitful glare -it was found that of the Cubans who had to be carried away none were -dead, although in some cases the wounds were serious. When Ben produced -the flag, all stained with his own blood, the impulsive Cubans showered -such praise upon him that the lad felt almost shamed. His father said -very little, but Ben knew by the silent hand-shake and the care for the -wounded arm that Mr. Hinton was proud of his son.</p> - -<p>The rest of the journey to Maceo's camp partook of the nature of a -triumphal procession. The news of the gallant deeds of Marto's little -band roused the whole countryside, and in a few weeks' time what had -formerly been a quiet district was in arms against the Spaniard.</p> - -<p>When Maceo's camp was reached Mr. Hinton, Marto, and Ben were at once -conducted into his presence. He began to compliment Marto, but the -latter interrupted respectfully.</p> - -<p>"Sir, it was my gallant comrade here," pointing to Ben, "who planned the -affair and captured the flag. To him the honor is due."</p> - -<p>General Maceo stepped up to Ben and clasped the lad's right hand warmly -in his own.</p> - -<p>"What can I do for you, my hero?" he asked.</p> - -<p>"Let me continue to fight in your cause," was the modest answer.</p> - -<p>And, under the immediate command of his father, Ben Hinton is still -fighting for Cuba.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_261" id="Page_261">[Pg 261]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="THE_MIDDLE_DAUGHTER" id="THE_MIDDLE_DAUGHTER">THE MIDDLE DAUGHTER.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY MARGARET E. SANGSTER.</h3> - -<h3>CHAPTER II.</h3> - -<h3>AT WISHING-BRAE.</h3> - -<p>Grace Wainwright, a slender girl in a trim tailor-made gown, stepped off -the train at Highland Station. She was pretty and distinguished looking. -Nobody would have passed her without observing that. Her four trunks and -a hat-box had been swung down to the platform by the baggage-master, and -the few passengers who, so late in the fall, stopped at this little -out-of-the-way station in the hills had all tramped homeward through the -rain, or been picked up by waiting conveyances. There was no one to meet -Grace, and it made her feel homesick and lonely. As she stood alone on -the rough unpainted board walk in front of the passenger-room a sense of -desolation crept into the very marrow of her bones. She couldn't -understand it, this indifference on the part of her family. The ticket -agent came out and was about to lock the door. He was going home to his -mid-day dinner.</p> - -<p>"I am Grace Wainwright," she said, appealing to him. "Do you not suppose -some one is coming to meet me?"</p> - -<p>"Oh, you be Dr. Wainwright's darter that's been to foreign parts, be -you? Waal, miss, the doctor he can't come because he's been sent for to -set Mr. Stone's brother's child's arm that he broke jumping over a -fence, running away from a snake. But I guess somebody'll be along soon. -Like enough your folks depended on Mr. Burden; he drives a stage, and -reckons to meet passengers and take up trunks, but he's sort o' half -baked, an' he's afraid to bring his old horse out when it rains—'fraid -it'll catch the rheumatiz. You better step over to my house 'long o' me; -somebody'll be here in the course of an hour."</p> - -<p>Grace's face flushed. It took all her pride to keep back a rush of -angry, hurt tears. To give up Paris, and Uncle Ralph and Aunt Hattie, -and her winter of music and art, and come to the woods and be treated in -this way! She was amazed and indignant. But her native good sense showed -her there was, there must be, some reason for what looked like neglect. -Then came a tender thought of mamma. She wouldn't treat her thus.</p> - -<p>"Did a telegram from me reach Dr. Wainwright last evening?" Grace -inquired, presently.</p> - -<p>The agent fidgeted and looked confused. Then he said coolly: "That -explains the whole situation now. A despatch did come, and I calc'lated -to send it up to Wishin'-Brae by somebody passing, but nobody came along -goin' in that direction, and I clean forgot it. It's too bad; but you -step right over to my house and take a bite. There'll be a chance to get -you home some time to-day."</p> - -<p>At this instant, "Is this Grace Wainwright?" exclaimed a sweet, clear -voice, and two arms were thrown lovingly around the tired girl. "I am -Mildred Raeburn, and this is Lawrence, my brother. We were going over to -your house, and may we take you? I was on an errand there for mamma. -Your people didn't know just when to look for you, dear, not hearing -definitely, but we all supposed you would come on the five-o'clock -train. Mr. Slocum, please see that Miss Wainwright's trunks are put -under cover till Burden's express can be sent for them." Mildred stepped -into the carryall after Grace, giving her another loving hug.</p> - -<p>"Mildred, how dear of you to happen here at just the right moment, like -an angel of light! You always did that. I remember when we were little -things at school. It is ages since I was here, but nothing has changed."</p> - -<p>"Nothing ever changes in Highland, Grace. I am sorry you see it again -for the first on this wet and dismal day. But to-morrow will be -beautiful, I am sure."</p> - -<p>"Lawrence, you have grown out of my recollection," said Grace. "But -we'll soon renew our acquaintance. I met your chum at Harvard, Edward -Gerald, at Geneva, and he drove with our party to Paris." Then turning -to Mildred: "My mother is no better, is she? Dear, patient mother! I've -been away too long."</p> - -<p>"She is no better," replied Mildred, gently, "but then she is no worse. -Mrs. Wainwright will be so happy when she has her middle girl by her -side again. She's never gloomy, though. It's wonderful."</p> - -<p>They drove on silently. Mildred took keen notice of every detail of -Grace's dress—the blue cloth gown and jacket, simple but modish, with -an air no Highland dressmaker could achieve, for who on earth out of -Paris can make anything so perfect as a Paris gown, in which a pretty -girl is sure to look like a dream? The little toque on the small head -was perched over braids of smooth brown hair, the gloves and boots were -well-fitting, and Grace Wainwright carried herself finely. This was a -girl who could walk ten miles at a stretch, ride a wheel or a horse at -pleasure, drive, play tennis or golf, or do whatever else a girl of the -period can. She was both strong and lovely, one saw that.</p> - -<p>What could she do besides! Mildred, with the reins lying loosely over -old Whitefoot's<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_262" id="Page_262">[Pg 262]</a></span> back, thought and wondered. There was opportunity for -much at the Brae.</p> - -<p>Lawrence and Grace chatted eagerly as the old pony climbed hills and -descended valleys, till at last he paused at a rise in the path, then -went on, and there, the ground dipping down like the sides of a cup, in -the hollow at the bottom lay the straggling village.</p> - -<p>"Yes," said Grace, "I remember it all. There is the post-office, and -Doremus's store, and the little inn, the church with the white spire, -the school-house, and the manse. Drive faster, please, Mildred. I want -to see my mother. Just around that fir grove should be the old home of -Wishing-Brae."</p> - -<p>Tears filled Grace's eyes. Her heart beat fast.</p> - -<p>The Wainwrights' house stood at the end of a long willow-bordered lane. -As the manse carryall turned into this from the road a shout was heard -from the house. Presently a rush of children tearing toward the -carriage, and a chorus of "Hurrah, here is Grace!" announced the delight -of the younger ones at meeting their sister. Mildred drew up at the -doorstop, Lawrence helped Grace out, and a fair-haired older sister -kissed her and led her to the mother sitting by the window in a great -wheeled chair.</p> - -<p>The Raeburns hurried away. As they turned out of the lane they met Mr. -Burden with his cart piled high with Grace's trunks.</p> - -<p>"Where shall my boxes be carried, sister?" said Grace, a few minutes -later. She was sitting softly stroking her mother's thin white hand, the -mother gazing with pride and joy into the beautiful blooming face of her -stranger girl, who had left her a child.</p> - -<p>"My middle girl, my precious middle daughter," she said, her eyes -filling with tears. "Miriam, Grace, and Eva, now I have you all about -me, my three girls. I am a happy woman, Gracie."</p> - -<p>"Hallo!" came up the stairs; "Burden's waiting to be paid. He says it's -a dollar and a quarter. Who's got the money? There never is any money in -this house."</p> - -<p>"Hush, Robbie!" cried Miriam, looking over the railing. "The trunks will -have to be brought right up here, of course. Set them into our room, and -after they are unpacked we'll put them into the garret. Mother, is there -any change in your pocket-book?"</p> - -<p>"Don't trouble mamma," said Grace, waking up to the fact that there was -embarrassment in meeting this trifling charge. "I have money;" and she -opened her dainty purse for the purpose—a silvery alligator thing with -golden clasps and her monogram on it in jewels, and took out the money -needed. Her sisters and brother had a glimpse of bills and silver in -that well-filled purse.</p> - -<p>"Jiminy!" said Robbie to James. "Did you see the money she's got? Why, -father never had as much as that at once."</p> - -<p>Which was very true. How should a hard-working country doctor have money -to carry about when his bills were hard to collect, when anyway he never -kept books, and when his family, what with feeding and clothing and -schooling expenses, cost more every year than he could possibly earn? -Poor Doctor Wainwright! He was growing old and bent under the load of -care and expense he had to carry. While he couldn't collect his own -bills, because it is unprofessional for a doctor to dun, people did not -hesitate to dun him. All this day, as he drove from house to house, over -the weary miles, up hill and down, there was a song in his heart. He was -a sanguine man. A little bit of hope went a long way in encouraging this -good doctor, and he felt sure that better days would dawn for him now -that Grace had come home. A less hopeful temperament would have been apt -to see rocks in the way, the girl having been so differently educated -from the others, and accustomed to luxuries which they had never known. -Not so her father. He saw everything in rose-color.</p> - -<p>As Doctor Wainwright towards evening turned his horse's head homeward he -was rudely stopped on a street corner by a red-faced, red-bearded man, -who presented him with a bill. The man grumbled out sullenly, with a -scowl on his face:</p> - -<p>"Doctor Wainwright, I'm sorry to bother you, but this bill has been -standing a long time. It will accommodate me very much if you can let me -have something on account next Monday. I've got engagements to -meet—pressing engagements, sir."</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="400" height="390" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">"HERE I AM,YOUR MIDDLE DAUGHTER, DEAREST."</span> -</div> - -<p>"I'll do my best, Potter," said the doctor. Where he was to get any -money by Monday he did not know, but, as Potter said, the money was due. -He thrust the bill into his coat pocket and drove on, half his pleasure -in again seeing his child clouded by this encounter. Pulling his gray -mustache, the world growing dark as the sun went down, the father's -spirits sank to zero. He had peeped at the bill. It was larger than he -had supposed, as bills are apt to be. Two hundred dollars! And he -couldn't borrow, and there was nothing more to mortgage. And Grace's -coming back had led him to sanction the purchase of a new piano, to be -paid for by instalments. The piano had been seen going home a few days -before, and every creditor the doctor had, seeing its progress, had been -quick to put in his claim, reasoning very naturally that if Doctor -Wainwright could afford to buy a new piano, he could equally afford to -settle his old debts, and must be urged to do so.</p> - -<p>The old mare quickened her pace as she saw her stable door ahead of her. -The lines hung limp and loose in her master's hands. Under the pressure -of distress about this dreadful two hundred dollars he had forgotten to -be glad that Grace was again with them.</p> - -<p>Doctor Wainwright was an easy-going as well as a hopeful sort of man, -but he was an honest person, and he knew that creditors have a right to -be insistent. It distressed him to drag around a load of debt. For days -together the poor doctor had driven a long way round rather than to pass -Potter's store on the main street, the dread of some such encounter and -the shame of his position weighing heavily on his soul. It was the -harder for him that he had made it a rule never to appear anxious before -his wife. Mrs. Wainwright had enough to bear in being ill and in pain. -The doctor braced himself and threw back his shoulders as if casting off -a load, as the mare, of her own accord, stopped at the door.</p> - -<p>The house was full of light. Merry voices overflowed in rippling speech -and laughter. Out swarmed the children to meet papa, and one sweet girl -kissed him over and over. "Here I am," she said, "your middle daughter, -dearest. Here I am."</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="A_SURE_CURE" id="A_SURE_CURE">A SURE CURE.</a></h2> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Poor Bobby's sick! Dear little lad,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">He's got a pain; it hurts him awful bad.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">Just see his face!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">In every line of it a trace</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Of how he suffers from that pain.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">What's that? His plate is back again</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">For buckwheat cakes? Oho, I see!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">'Tis nearly nine o'clock. Ho!—hum!—tell me</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">What is this woe</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">That lays poor Bobby low</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Each morning just at school-time, yet so fleet is?</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Is it the olden time Nineoelockitis</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">That as a boy I had so frequently?</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">That comes at half past eight, and seems to last</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">From then till nine, or say a quarter past,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">And then departs, and leaves him all the day</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">With twice the strength with which to go and play?</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">Oh—well—if this be so</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">I'll worry not. The symptoms well I know.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Only, instead of cakes to cure his ills,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Take him a spoon and fill it up with squills,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">And by to-morrow</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">I doubt he'll suffer from his present sorrow.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_263" id="Page_263">[Pg 263]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="A_STRANGE_DISCOVERY" id="A_STRANGE_DISCOVERY">A STRANGE DISCOVERY.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY HUBERT EARL.</h3> - -<p>Napoleon and his army of soldiers were marching across the Alps in -Switzerland before descending into Italy upon that famous campaign in -which all Italy bowed low to the French conqueror. Up the long steep -slopes the soldiers toiled in the shadow of the frowning and overhanging -cliffs. Here and there patches of bare rock appeared, where the snow had -been swept off by the fierce gusts of wind. For miles the army was -strung along the roads, and wearily the men walked as they struggled -with the heavy cannon. These cannon were mounted on improvised sleds, -and the soldiers pulled them over the snow with ropes. At times one of -the sleds would slip and tumble over a precipice, carrying with it a -number of the men who were dragging it along. The air was bitterly cold, -and many of the soldiers died on the road, or from weakness fell off the -cliffs, to be dashed to pieces on the rocks below.</p> - -<p>An officer had been riding back and forth along his command most of the -day, helping here and encouraging there, and by kindly acts urging his -men to bravely laugh off their despondency. Cold, frozen, poorly clad, -and with but little to eat, such conditions were too crushing to arouse -much enthusiasm among the soldiers, but a faint cheer time and again -reached this officer's ears as he shouted his commands.</p> - -<p>Darkness was gathering fast, and it was desirable that this officer's -detachment should reach a small plateau some distance ahead before -camping for the night. In order to reach this it was necessary to cross -a narrow dangerous part of the road with a sharp descent of some hundred -feet on one side and the walls of a cliff on the other.</p> - -<p>The officer stood at the narrowest part directing the way. Most of the -detachment had passed the spot and three cannon had already made the -passage. The last one, larger than any of the others, was being slowly -but surely worked over, when there was a sudden sinking of the snow, -several shouts, and the heavy iron cannon commenced toppling over the -cliff.</p> - -<p>"Throw a rope over the end there, quick!" shouted the officer, at the -same time grasping the rope attached to the forward end. But it was too -late, or else the frozen hands of the soldiers prevented their working -lively, and all but two of those having hold of the rope that was -attached dropped it in fear of being pulled over the cliff.</p> - -<p>Down it went into the black depths of the narrow crevice between the -mountains, and with it went the two men who had kept their hold, and -also the brave officer, for when the others had dropped the rope it had -become entangled in his feet. A short, despairing cry was all that rose -on the night air to tell the tale of those three deaths. Napoleon's -soldiers were too accustomed to such sights and the hopelessness of an -attempt at rescue to do more than shudder and move stubbornly on. -Through many such scenes the army made its way over the Alps.</p> - -<p>Many years later, in the summer of 1847, a party of people were taking a -pleasure trip through Europe, and had stopped at one of the small -villages at the foot of the mountains. From here they made occasional -trips, exploring the surrounding neighborhood. In the party was a -geologist, who was making studies of the geological formations of the -Alps. Such work took him into unfrequented spots.</p> - -<p>On one of these expeditions he wandered one day into a narrow chasm and -slowly worked along, making notes of the walls of stone that rose above -his head, seemingly coming together where he could see a narrow rift of -light. As he stumbled along, now and then stopping to examine a loose -stone, he came across a log-shaped rock. Upon closer inspection, -however, he saw it was an old rusty cannon, and sitting down upon it, he -fell to musing how it came there.</p> - -<p>He had noted that the cannon was of a make used during Napoleon's time, -and concluded that it must be one of those that were lost over the -precipice when the great general had crossed into Italy. Stooping down, -he poked into its mouth, mechanically scraping out the dirt that had -accumulated there, and idly thought of the brave soldiers of those days. -Suddenly he noticed a leathern book, in fairly good condition, lying in -the little heap of dirt he had scraped out. Picking it up he opened it -and found it full of papers. Thinking then that it was of no great -importance, he placed it in his pocket and retraced his steps to the -village. That evening he examined its contents, and among some papers -relating to an old estate he found the following scrawl:</p> - -<p>"I, one of Napoleon's officers, fell from the cliff above, dragged over -by a rope attached to this cannon. The two men that fell with me were -instantly killed, as I have not heard them moan nor seen them move. My -leg and left arm are broken, and I know that I am hurt internally. -Fortunately, I struck but once while falling, and then this soft bed of -snow prevented instant death. I have enough strength left to write this -and stick it into the mouth of the cannon, for possibly some one may -discover it. My papers and such as will prove the right to certain -property will be found in the leathern book, and I beg the finder will -place them in the hands of the proper owners. My strength is leaving me -and I must stop—" (Here followed the signature.)</p> - -<p>Among the papers was found the right to an estate of considerable value, -and when, after great difficulty, the descendants and owners were -traced, it was discovered that the family had suffered more or less -privation from the loss of these papers, restored after so many years.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="WHAT_IT_MEANS_TO_RUN_AN_OCEAN_GREYHOUND" id="WHAT_IT_MEANS_TO_RUN_AN_OCEAN_GREYHOUND">WHAT IT MEANS TO RUN AN OCEAN GREYHOUND.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY THE CAPTAIN OF THE "NEW YORK."</h3> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="400" height="276" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">SUNDAY MORNING MUSTER OF THE CREW.</span> -</div> - -<p>Above all, it means unceasing vigilance. It is said that a man who rides -often over the same road can fall asleep in the saddle and still travel -it safely. Such a man would be drummed out of the steamship service. -Every man who has to do with the sailing of an ocean greyhound must be -on the alert every moment of his tour of duty. No matter how many scores -of times he may have sailed over the route between New York and -Southampton, he must be constantly on the lookout for all that he can -read in sea and sky, or in the earth beneath the sea. For two things he -is responsible—the safety and speed with which the journey is made. -Nothing else appeals to him. The greatest orator of the finest singer in -the world might appear and perform on deck, and I doubt whether the men -on the bridge would see him or hear him. The ship is like a great -cannon-ball that has been shot out of one port to strike the other. The -officers of the ship are to make that cannon-ball go true to the mark -without deviating in the least degree from the course. That duty is so -absorbing that nothing else can be allowed to interfere with it.</p> - -<p>Gales cannot stop nor fogs hinder the swift passage of the transatlantic -liner. She flies onward with what seems to be an entire disregard of -storms. But these things are not disregarded. They are grappled with and -fought against, and man triumphs over the fury of the elements. Nothing -is left to chance. Every emergency that experience or imagination can -suggest is prepared for and studied out long in advance. Friends -sometimes ask the captain of a great ship if the nervous strain does not -exhaust him; if he is not depressed by the responsibility for so many -hundreds of lives and so many millions of dollars worth of property. The -answer to that question is always no. If the captain were to give -himself up to such reflections he would be unfit for his position. The -captain's experience is long and varied before he becomes master of an -ocean greyhound. His responsibility is small at first, but constantly -grows greater, until he is no more worried by it than you would be -worried by having to drive a pair of ponies.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="600" height="397" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE PROMENADE DECK OF THE "NEW YORK."</span> -</div> - -<p>The best ships of to-day are gigantic compared with the best of twenty -or even fifteen years ago. The <i>New York</i> is 565 feet long, and of 63 -feet beam. She extends 27 feet beneath<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_264" id="Page_264">[Pg 264]</a></span> the water. These mere figures do -not convey much of an impression of her size. If she should be lifted -out of the water, however, she would fill Broadway, from curb-stone to -curb-stone, from Chambers Street to Park Place, and a man standing on -her bridge could easily look into the fifth story of the houses on -either side. A ship of this size costs more than two millions of -dollars. Her engines have power equivalent to that of 20,000 horses. The -crew of the <i>New York</i> averages 400 men all the year around. There are -70 in the navigating department, 180 in the engine department, and the -rest are in the steward's department.</p> - -<p>Just as the government of the city of New York is divided among the -Mayor, Aldermen, and boards and commissioners of various departments, so -the administration of a giant steamship is divided into specialties. The -Mayor is the chief officer of the city. The Captain is the chief officer -of the ship. He is more than that. From the time she leaves port until -she enters port he is master of the life and liberty of every person -aboard the ship, as well as of all the property in it. He is an -autocrat. Of course he must administer his authority wisely. Unwise -autocrats don't last long, whether afloat or ashore.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 319px;"> -<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="319" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">LOOKOUT IN THE FORETOP.</span> -</div> - -<p>The head of each department is responsible for all that goes on in it. -The first officer is at the head of the crew, or navigating department. -The chief engineer directs everything connected with the engines. The -chief steward has full control of all that has to do with the comfort of -the passengers and crew. Each of these chiefs makes a written report at -noon every day. Thus the Captain is kept informed of everything -pertaining to the ship's welfare.</p> - -<p>Every one of the senior officers of the ship is a duly qualified master, -capable of taking her around the world if need be. The day is divided -into "watches," or tours of duty, of four hours each. One junior officer -is on the bridge with each senior officer on duty. The senior officer -directs the ship's course. He never leaves the bridge while he is on -watch. Should he do so he would be dismissed at once. There is no excuse -possible. It would be just as if he had died suddenly. His friends would -all feel sorry, but nothing could be done to help him. Two seamen are -always on watch in the bow of the ship, and two more in the fore-top. -Twice as many are on the lookout in thick weather. Observations are -taken every two hours. In the good old sailing-ship days the Captain was -content to "take the sun" at noon every day. If the sky was cloudy for a -day or two, it really didn't matter much, for he could jog along on dead -reckoning. But on an ocean greyhound, rushing over the course between -New York and Europe at the rate of more than twenty miles an hour, it is -highly important that the ship's position be known all the time. Fog may -come down at any moment, observations may not be obtainable for ten or -twelve hours. The positions of more than one hundred stars are known. By -observing any one of these the ship's whereabouts can be ascertained in -a few minutes. Of course the "road" becomes more or less familiar to a -man who crosses the ocean along the same route year after year. Yet this -familiarity never breeds contempt or any carelessness. No man knows all -the influences that affect the currents of the ocean. You may find the -current in one place the same forty times in succession; on the -forty-first trip it may be entirely changed. Sometimes a big storm that -has ended four or five hours before the steamship passes a certain place -may have given the surface current a strong set in one direction. There -is no means of telling when these influences may have been at work save -by taking the ship's position frequently.</p> - -<p>Those of you who are familiar with boat-racing know how often a race is -lost by bad steering. The cockswain who lets his shell drift to one side -and then to the other loses much valuable time in getting back to the -course. You know that from the start of the race he has his eye fixed on -a certain mark, and that he steers straight for that mark. It is the -same way with the Captain of a steamship. His mark is the port on the -other side of the ocean. He aims at it all the time. If his ship should -go astray only for one hour she would lose valuable time getting back to -her course. Every unnecessary mile travelled not only causes loss of -time, but waste of coal, and wear and tear of machinery, ship, crew, -etc.</p> - -<p>Great caution must be used at all times, but especially on nearing the -land. Old-fashioned ships use the lead and hand-line for finding the -depth of water and nature of the bottom, so that by referring to the -chart the navigator can tell just where he is. That apparatus is too -clumsy for the swift steamship. We use Sir William<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_265" id="Page_265">[Pg 265]</a></span> Thompson's -sounding-machine while the ship goes at full speed. A brass tube is -fastened to the end of a piano-wire line. When this is lowered to the -bottom the pressure of the water is exactly registered on a glass -tube—somewhat resembling a thermometer—which is fastened inside the -tube of brass. Upon reading the amount of pressure we know the exact -depth. A cup on the end of the brass tube brings up a specimen of the -bottom.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="600" height="363" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE GREYHOUND IN A FOG—A CLOSE SHAVE.</span> -</div> - -<p>By taking soundings frequently when nearing the land, knowing the ship's -course and her position at the last observation, one can prick out her -track on the chart even in the heaviest fog. One never can tell what -slant of tide or current is silently sending the ship toward the shore, -so soundings are taken every fifteen minutes.</p> - -<p>The presence of a pilot on board is no excuse for the Captain whose ship -gets into trouble. The lives of the fifteen hundred persons on board, -the value of the cargo, which is always very great, and of the vessel -herself, which is worth at least two millions, all are in his hands. -But, as I said before, the responsibility never worries him. He simply -watches everything closely. The heads of departments report to him every -day, and should any emergency arise, he is kept informed of every new -occurrence.</p> - -<p>How is it possible, we are often asked, to steer such a great vessel as -the modern ocean liner? Steam and electricity have made the work almost -seem like play. The senior officer on the bridge can tell at any moment -just how fast the ship is going, how many revolutions the port and -starboard screws are making per minute, just at what angle the rudder is -set—in one word, all about the ship's progress. This is all reported to -him on automatic registering machines.</p> - -<p>You know, of course, that the ocean greyhound of to-day is a twin-screw -ship—that is, that instead of being driven through the water by one -propeller, she has two—one on each side of the end of her keel. Each -screw is worked by its own set of engines. These engines are entirely -independent of each other. The rudder is moved to one side or the other -by steam or hydraulic power. Should the rudder become useless from any -cause, it is possible to steer the ship by these screws. Most of you -know that you can steer a row-boat by putting more force on one oar than -on the other. If you want to turn sharply you back-water with one oar -and row ahead with the other. So it is with these screws. By backing one -screw and going ahead with the other, the ship can be turned around -almost within her own length, as the phrase is. The ordinary vessel that -loses her rudder is in a sad fix. The twin-screw ship simply needs a -little extra care in handling. In fact, it has happened more than once -that an ocean greyhound has been steered for more than a thousand miles -straight into port while the rudder was useless.</p> - -<p>It is easy to appreciate the necessity for making fast time across the -ocean when you remember that each idle moment means a loss of earning -power. The vessel costs $2,000,000. She will be worn out, say, in ten -years. Her value will be very small. So that every moment of her ten -good years must be made to tell. Suppose her navigators should be so -careless as to let her wander one hour's journey off her course. Another -hour would be lost bringing her back. That would mean a clear loss of -two hours. Mathematical experts could tell you exactly what that loss -would amount to. All we know is that not one instant shall be thrown -away.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 272px;"> -<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="272" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">COALING.</span> -</div> - -<p>Perhaps you have been aboard one of the largest ships coming up the bay -from Sandy Hook to New York. Have you noticed the churned-up white water -that flows away behind her? Watch it, and you will observe that now on -one side, now on the other, the foam ceases to flow so thickly. This -shows that one screw or the other has almost stopped for a moment.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_266" id="Page_266">[Pg 266]</a></span> The -ship-channel coming up the bay is so narrow and shallow that at certain -low stages of the tide a great steamship drags the water along with her -body, just as your own body can drag the water in a bath-tub. The result -is that the rudder has very little effect in guiding the ship. Under -such circumstances the screw on one side or the other is slowed so as to -steer the vessel.</p> - -<p>Whole books might be written about the engines of an ocean greyhound. To -inspect the engines thoroughly you go down through four decks. Every bit -of machinery is constantly watched. A record is kept of every turn of -the screw, of every engine's work. The chief engineer has three first -assistants, and one of these three is always on duty. The engine-room is -like a gigantic roaring factory—it is a factory that makes power for -pushing the ship along. The four large dynamos that produce electricity -for lighting and other uses are also in the vast engine-room. So is the -machine that makes ice for the ship. This, by-the-way, is almost a -magical apparatus. In it is made all the ice used by the ship's company, -and from it pipes are led that supply the refrigerating-rooms. There are -two of these immense refrigerators. They are on the fourth deck—away -below the water-line. As nearly every article of food for the round trip -is purchased in this country, practically all the perishable food is -stored in these refrigerators—one being known as the "East-bound," and -the other the "West-bound." The immense amount of provisions carried is -something hard to imagine. A ship like the <i>New York</i> or the <i>St. Paul</i>, -for example, takes 25,000 pounds of beef, more than three tons of game -and poultry, 18,000 eggs, and other things in proportion. The law -requires that enough provisions be carried to feed the ship's people for -twenty-four additional days, in case of accident. We carry much more -than that amount. In the refrigerating-rooms are also carried enough -flowers to adorn the tables all the way to England and back.</p> - -<p>Most of you, perhaps, think of an ocean greyhound as a swift-going -floating hotel. I think you will admit she is more—that she is one of -the greatest wonders of the deep.</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">J. K. Jamison</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="THE_EARLY_WORK_OF_THE_AUTHOR_OF_BEN-HUR" id="THE_EARLY_WORK_OF_THE_AUTHOR_OF_BEN-HUR">THE EARLY WORK OF THE AUTHOR OF "BEN-HUR."</a></h2> - -<h3>BY MATTIE DYER BRITTS.</h3> - -<p>The writer of this sketch has no need to depend upon the evidence of -others for the facts given; she has but to cross a shady street and tap -at the most hospitable door in the wide world, to sit at her ease in the -fine old library enriched by the gifts of a king, and talk with General -Wallace or his wife.</p> - -<p>It was upon an occasion like this that she remarked: "General, the -people who are so much interested in your work sometimes wonder how you -came to begin it. Would you be willing to give us an idea of your -method?"</p> - -<p>"Method?" was the reply, with the genial smile and flash of the keen -dark eye which still renews the youth of the veteran warrior-poet. "I -have no method. If my composition has any excellence, set it down, first -and last, to that simple fact. In writing, as in speech, I think that -modes of expression should depend upon feeling—not studied, but the -impulse of the moment."</p> - -<p>"But you had a method of study in your school-days?"</p> - -<p>"Not I. My school-days were very few when I was a boy. My father -regularly sent me, and paid my tuition bills, but I as regularly played -truant. I ran wild in the woods of my native Indiana as free and happy -as the squirrels and rabbits, which scarcely took the trouble to keep -out of my pathway, so accustomed to my presence did they become. I -hunted, fished, staid in the woods, and slept with my dog, and came out -as strong and healthy as an oak sapling, without the least idea that I -was laying the foundation for the constitution which could in later -years withstand the hardships and exposures of camp and field. Health -was so absolute it was not thought of."</p> - -<p>"You must, however, have been fond of books."</p> - -<p>"Passionately so. I read every moment that I was still. In my runaway -journeys through the woods I always carried a book in my pocket. I both -read and remembered. My education, such as it is, is due to my father's -excellent library, and the freedom with which I browsed at will upon the -wholesome pastures of good old English literature."</p> - -<p>"Doubtless you had certain favorite volumes."</p> - -<p>"Yes. <i>Plutarch's Lives</i> was and is the work which had most influence -upon me. Even yet, at the age of sixty-seven, when I grow drowsy and my -ambition seems to fail, I pick up my old companion, and an hour with him -restores me to myself."</p> - -<p>"How did you first come to think of writing?"</p> - -<p>Another smile of amusement over the recollections of those crude boyish -days, and the General replied: "My first literary effort was made in a -society of lads near my own age, of which I was a member when about -sixteen. Berry Sulgrove, once editor of the Indianapolis <i>Journal</i>, was -president, and assigned each one his part in our weekly meetings—a -speech, essay, story, or poem. I was ordered to write a story. I -undertook a love-tale of the crusades of the tenth century, in weekly -instalments, with the title of 'The Man-at-Arms.'"</p> - -<p>"Can you recall the plot of the tale?"</p> - -<p>"The leading character was a Spanish grandee, a Duke of high Castilian -line, who dwelt among the mountains of Spain. He had numerous valiant -retainers, and one only child—a proud and beautiful daughter named -Inez. In the service of the Duke was a handsome page of eighteen, brave, -courtly, endowed with manly graces and a talent for music. This he used -so skilfully that the love-songs he sang to his light guitar took -captive the heart of the fair Inez. Their love was discovered, and the -handsome page banished from the castle. But they managed to meet, and my -hero carried off his prize. Together they mounted his snow-white steed, -and dashed away to the hermitage of an old monk, who lived alone on a -wild and dreary mountain-side. The Duke pursued the fugitives with armed -retinue, and brought his disobedient daughter back to her ancestral -halls. The page escaped, went to Venice, and enlisted in the army about -to march to Palestine. He wore his armor by night and day, never opening -his visor except to eat, so that his nearest comrades rarely saw his -face. He performed prodigies of valor, was ever in the forefront of -battle, a mysterious but conspicuous figure. He became famous, and was -made a knight. By the time he returned to Spain all the countries of the -Mediterranean had heard of his prowess, and were proud to do him honor. -He was tendered a grand banquet at the Duke's castle; but the old enemy -did not recognize in the Knight of the Closed Helmet his former page. -The lovely Inez, of course, knew him at once, and he found her of true -heart and constant mind. The father was delighted to see the impression -his child made upon the gallant knight, and with his free consent they -were soon betrothed and married. After the wedding the page disclosed -his real name—I regret to have forgotten it—and all was forgiven, the -old Duke only too willing to call the brave warrior of Holy Cross his -son."</p> - -<p>"Did you complete the story?"</p> - -<p>"Oh yes! Every week my instalment was ready, my audience rapt and -sympathetic, and the generous applause most encouraging."</p> - -<p>"Was the MSS. lengthy?"</p> - -<p>"Two hundred and thirty pages of foolscap, closely written."</p> - -<p>"How much I should like to see it! Do you know what became of it?"</p> - -<p>"I am sorry to say it was lost. I left it in my father's library when I -went to the Mexican war in 1847; when I returned, the unfortunate -'Man-at-Arms' was not to be found. I never knew how he came to his end."</p> - -<p>"Of course, as a member of the society, you obeyed the order of your -president; but aside from that fact, what were your inducements to -writing the story?"</p> - -<p>"Merely boyish pleasure in composition—the natural stirring to write, -as the singer is moved to sing. That was my first attempt at prose. -Before that—when about fifteen, I think—I wrote a poem on the rescue -of Captain<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_267" id="Page_267">[Pg 267]</a></span> John Smith by Pocahontas, perhaps two hundred lines, in the -measure of the 'Lady of the Lake.' That reminds me of another early -experience; our amusements were very few in those days—a circus once a -year, and sometimes during the session of the Legislature a strolling -theatrical company came by. We boys caught the fever, and got up an -organization of our own, the 'Thespian Troupe,' which played -<i>Pocahontas</i> with tremendous applause."</p> - -<p>"You mean, I presume, the drama by Robert Dale Owen?"</p> - -<p>"The same. My brother, William Wallace, was the Indian heroine. I took -the part of her sister Nomona. McReady (a school-mate, not the famous -actor) was Powhatan. I have forgotten who played Captain Smith, but the -affair was a great success. Cox, the local artist, painted the scenery, -the town band (then a volunteer service) played before the door to draw -the crowd, and the receipts paid all expenses."</p> - -<p>"Then you actually performed before a paying audience?"</p> - -<p>"Indeed we did. It was in a brick house just where the old State-house -used to stand. We provided seats, and had special accommodations for the -ladies. Those were the days of sound and fury and the ranting style now -happily entirely banished from the stage. But we enjoyed it hugely. My -memories of the Thespian are among the most delightful recollections of -earlier days."</p> - -<p>"Do you think that the dramatic instinct and florid imagination -necessary to such high-flown youthful work had any influence in -developing your later literary genius?"</p> - -<p>"I do not claim to have any genius. It may be that infinite patience and -an unlimited capacity for hard work have taken the place of genius, and -been of service to me. When I began to study a subject or an object, I -could never bring myself to stop until I had mastered all there was to -be known about it."</p> - -<p>"You believe, then, that small details are of large importance in -literary work?"</p> - -<p>"More so than in almost any other calling. I have never allowed myself -to take the opinions of others when it was possible to verify facts by -my own eyes and ears. While writing <i>Ben-Hur</i> I once took the long -journey from my Indiana home to New York city, and haunted one of the -great libraries there persistently for days, merely to establish beyond -a doubt a very small matter concerning the interior of a Roman galley. -Yet, after all, it was not a small matter; trifles make perfection, and -a little inaccuracy will result in imperfect work."</p> - -<p>"Do you advise young authors to quote largely, or depend upon others for -ideas?"</p> - -<p>"By no means. Every man and woman is self-made. Every writer should be -especially so. Let him look into his own heart, and write from it, if he -would reach the hearts of his readers. He may gather information and -incidents from books and from every-day life, but when he writes, let it -be in his own words. Above all, let him write honestly, delineating -people and things as they really are, not as a vivid or romantic -imagination might make them."</p> - -<p>Our social talk ended here. May I not be allowed to add that constant -study of the best writers of old English has given a certain stateliness -of expression and dignity of speech to the composition of General -Wallace, which will not fail to be noted by the careful reader. The -volumes he read were the very choicest, and the stalwart heroes of that -olden time were the boy's daily companions instead of men and women.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="REGULAR_EXERCISE_FOR_GIRLS" id="REGULAR_EXERCISE_FOR_GIRLS">REGULAR EXERCISE FOR GIRLS.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY EVA LOVETT.</h3> - -<p>Regularity in bodily training is the "golden rule" of all physicians and -gymnasium teachers. "A little exercise every day, taken at a certain -time," is worth more than all the spasmodic exertion in the world. It -accomplishes more in play and work. Nor need such exercise become -monotonous. The work of to-day may call into use one set of muscles, and -that of to-morrow another. It is well not to develop our arms and -neglect our legs, or vice versa. The pleasure accompanying them makes -outdoor sports more beneficial to the health; but indoor training, -according to fixed rules, has a great value in teaching you how to use -your limbs and joints easily and well. The practice it gives helps you -to learn anything quieter than you would without it.</p> - -<p>Any girl knows how easy it is to "fall out of the way" of doing things, -whether the "thing" is a kind of fancy-work or a school task. So it is -easy to "fall out of the way" of making use of your bodily powers. Your -arms and legs and back and body were all given you to use, just as well -as your lungs and other organs. And it is clearly your fault if you do -not get the best service out of them by keeping them in practice. You -must teach them to be supple, agile, and quick to respond to any calls -you may make upon them to contribute to your good or amusement. Suppose -you suddenly decide to play tennis, and have never learned to run! What -will happen to you is that you will be an awkward and unlucky player -until you learn to use your legs. Therefore the regular daily exercise -is good all round—for health and for pleasure.</p> - -<p>Our first impulse on waking in the morning is to yawn, to push out the -arms, to throw out the legs, to stretch and twist and roll about the -body, and so gradually work off the cramped feeling induced during -sleep. These natural gymnastics, in which even babies indulge when they -first waken out of a sound slumber, indicate pretty clearly what is the -best time to take a regular daily dose of gymnastic work.</p> - -<p>During the night the respiration has been slower, the heart-beats less -frequent, and the muscles have become contracted from remaining too long -in certain positions. We know, without being told, that our bodies need -shaking, stretching—some exercise, in fact, to get us into shape for -the day's work. The blood must circulate quicker, and mind and body -partake of the bright, brisk feeling which helps us to do everything -easily. For those who spare the time, fifteen minutes, or even ten, on -first rising is the best time to select for gymnastics.</p> - -<p>But many persons, young as well as old, must rise quickly and dress -hastily, and have no minutes to spare for such morning exercise. They -must choose some other time. Just before the daily bath is another -opportune moment. The exercise taken induces perspiration, and this -waste matter is removed by the bath following, leaving the skin in a -clear, healthy, and normal condition. We feel wonderfully refreshed and -full of vitality after the process.</p> - -<p>At night, before retiring, certain exercises of the muscles can be used -with good effect. If we are tired or have overused one set of muscles, -we do not exercise those already used too much, but others in opposite -directions. For instance, if we have stretched our arms up until -over-tired, it is rest and relief to stretch them down—again and again, -and again, so making the strain upon the muscles equal.</p> - -<p>Or if we have used our arms too much, we rest ourselves by giving our -legs a good amount of exercise—just as a long walk rests you after -rowing, or as a good game of ball rests you after hard study. In the -first case it is exercise in an opposite direction which gives the -needed relaxation. In the second the same result comes from exercising -the body after too much exercise of the mind.</p> - -<p>This "law of opposition," as it is called, is a big subject. But the -rule holds just the same, whether you understand "the reason why" or -not. Exercise muscles or parts of the body in opposite directions or in -different ways from the motions and actions which have tired you. To do -this at night "promotes sleep and helps digestion," say the -physical-culture teachers.</p> - -<p>And who should know better than those who have studied up on the subject -and who can give you the "reason why"?</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_268" id="Page_268">[Pg 268]</a></span></p> - -<h2>THROWING THE HAMMER.</h2> - -<h4><span class="smcap">From Photographs taken of W. O. Hickok, Yale '95, Champion I.C.A.A.A.A</span>.</h4> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 291px;"> -<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="291" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">W.O. HICKOK.</span> -</div> - -<p style="clear:both;"> </p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 297px;"> -<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="297" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">1.</span> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 283px;"> -<img src="images/ill_017.jpg" width="283" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">2.</span> -</div> - -<p style="clear:both;"> </p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 391px;"> -<img src="images/ill_018.jpg" width="391" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">3.</span> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 237px;"> -<img src="images/ill_019.jpg" width="237" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">4.</span> -</div> - -<p style="clear:both;"> </p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 241px;"> -<img src="images/ill_020.jpg" width="241" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">5.</span> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 238px;"> -<img src="images/ill_021.jpg" width="238" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">6.</span> -</div> - -<p style="clear:both;"> </p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 406px;"> -<img src="images/ill_022.jpg" width="406" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">7.</span> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 236px;"> -<img src="images/ill_023.jpg" width="236" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">8.</span> -</div> - -<p style="clear:both;"> </p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_269" id="Page_269">[Pg 269]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 800px;"><a name="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT" id="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT"></a> -<img src="images/ill_024.jpg" width="800" height="167" alt="INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT" /> -</div> - -<p>Throwing the hammer and putting the shot are the only two weight events -now practised by college and school athletes, although many of the -athletic clubs still retain the putting of the 56-lb. weight on their -cards. The last-named, however, is merely a sort of exaggeration of the -second, and only practicable for very large and very strong men. The -welfare of amateur sport will never suffer if the art of throwing the -weight should be entirely lost, for there is nothing particularly -interesting in the practice, and success in it is more largely due to -beef than to skill. With the other two events it is different. Strength, -of course, is a prime requisite, but to attain perfection in either of -them the performer must combine skill with muscular power.</p> - -<p>The inter-collegiate rules which govern the throwing of the hammer -require that the hammer-head shall be a metal sphere; and the handle may -be of any material. Up to within three or four years the handle used to -be made of hard wood, but recently athletes have shown a preference for -a flexible steel handle. The combined length of the head and handle must -not exceed four feet, and the combined weight must be sixteen pounds. -The hammer is thrown from a circle seven feet in diameter. In making an -attempt a competitor may assume any position he pleases, but he must not -step outside of this circle. In a contest each competitor is allowed -three throws, and the best three men in the first trial are allowed -three more throws. The measurement of a throw is made from the nearest -edge of the first mark made by the head of the hammer to the point of -the circumference of the circle nearest this mark. There are three kinds -of fouls in hammer-throwing, which are not measured, but which count -against the competitor as throws. They are: letting go of the hammer in -an attempt; touching the ground outside the circle with any portion of -the body while the hammer is in hand; or touching the ground forward of -the front half of the circle with any portion of the body before the -throw is measured.</p> - -<p>The pictures on the opposite page are reproductions of instantaneous -photographs, taken especially for Harper's Round Table, of Mr. W. O. -Hickok, the Yale and Inter-collegiate champion. Mr. Hickok learned to -throw the hammer when he was at St. Paul's School, Concord, and held the -championship there while he was in school. He used to practise twice a -day, half an hour each time, until he became a thorough master of the -instrument. His experience taught him that it was necessary to assume -the easiest possible position when at work with the hammer, so as to -give the muscles the fullest play. When the hammer is thrown around the -head it should be kept as far as possible from the body; the arms should -not be bent nor the muscles tightened, and the shoulders should be -allowed to move as easily as possible. Perhaps it will be easier to -explain the method by following the illustrations in their numerical -order.</p> - -<p>First, the athlete steps into the ring holding the hammer, the head -resting on the ground outside the circle. He secures a firm grasp on the -handle, leaning over so as to keep the head as far away from his body as -possible. The second picture shows the hammer just as it is being lifted -from the ground to be whirled around the head. It is plain to see that -the arms are holding the instrument as far from the body as possible. As -the heavy ball gains in velocity, it stretches out so that the arms and -the handle form a straight horizontal line from the shoulders. The -fourth and fifth pictures demonstrate the attitude of the performer at -various stages of the first two whirls of the hammer. The motion at the -start is slow, and becomes gradually faster and faster, so that the top -speed shall be reached just about as the athlete is ready to turn.</p> - -<p>It is the usual custom to throw the hammer three times around the head -before turning. The sixth picture shows this turn. When this act is -performed the hammer should be kept well behind, and the thrower should -try to move his feet around as fast as he can, and never under any -consideration should he allow the hammer to get ahead of the motion of -his body; he must keep it following on behind, or else the hammer will -throw him, instead of his throwing the hammer. The reason given for -jumping around on the last turn is that a man, when proficient in this -trick, can gain about twenty-five feet on his throw. It is the Irish -method of throwing a hammer, and has been in use over there for several -hundred years. The Scottish way of throwing, still in use in Scotland, -is to stand still. This used to be the method in vogue in this country, -but within the last ten years the A. A. U. adopted the Irish method, and -two years ago the Inter-collegiate Association followed suit. A man who -has become accustomed to throw from a standstill has some trouble in -getting accustomed to the turn, but as soon as he has caught the knack -of the twist he will greatly prefer it over the old method.</p> - -<p>The seventh picture shows the moment just previous to the final heave -when the hammer is to be let go. This should not be done with a jerk, -but the stick should be allowed to slip from the hands at the proper -moment, otherwise any jerking will destroy the momentum obtained. The -last picture shows the attitude of the thrower after the hammer has left -his hands, the weight of his body being thrown backward so as to prevent -him from stepping out of the circle.</p> - -<p>The hammer is thrown from a restricted circle in the United States in -order to make the event more scientific. A strong man with very poor -form might make an excellent throw some time if he were allowed to -follow it and go where he liked in his efforts. The circle prevents this -go-as-you-please method, and makes it necessary for athletes to acquire -form; it also gives a definite place to measure from, so that there can -be no dispute as to the exact distance for the measurer to lay off. In -England amateur athletes use a thirty-foot circle; this gives them a -great advantage, for the more turns you can take before throwing, the -greater momentum you can get into your throw. The Englishmen use a -3-foot-6-inch handle, which is a disadvantage to them, since the -centrifugal force is lessened as the square of the distance from the -centre. If athletes used a longer handle than the one accepted in -America, which is 4 feet long, they could not throw the hammer so well -as they do now, unless the performer were of unusual stature, because -the head of the hammer would touch the ground in the first few turns and -at the final lift.</p> - -<p>Mr. Hickok throws better in games than he does in practice, although he -practises hard and continuously when training for an important match. -His record for throwing the hammer is 135 feet 7½ inches. At an early -date we shall devote some space to comment and illustration on putting -the shot.</p> - -<p>The Constitution of the National Interscholastic Athletic Association as -printed in these columns last week<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_270" id="Page_270">[Pg 270]</a></span> is incomplete in many minor details, -as I stated at the time, for the copy sent to the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> -immediately after the convention of December 28th was merely a rough -draft. The Executive Committee are now copying and revising this first -draft, and as soon as their work has been finished we shall try to offer -it in its completed form to the readers of this Department.</p> - -<p>It is very probable that a great many flaws will be found in the -constitution, even when it has been completed and revised by the -committee. It should be kept in mind, however, that when the delegates -gathered last month at the first convention, they had no material to -work on; yet they succeeded in establishing themselves. Now, we have an -organization and a constitution. We have something to go by, and a goal -in view. Wherever experience shows that the makers of the constitution -have been at fault, let us make a little mark, and at the next meeting -let us suggest remedies. A year from now the association ought to be on -such a firm basis that nothing can interfere with the success of its -aim. It is very gratifying to feel that so very much indeed has been -accomplished.</p> - -<p>While speaking of suggestions, it may not be out of place for this -Department to make one at once. At first thought, it seems as if the -date for the field meeting—the last Saturday in June—has been placed a -little too late in the season for the general convenience. This may not -be so; the makers of the constitution may have discussed this question -thoroughly, and may have concluded that the last Saturday in June is -best suited for the occasion. The schools of this city close late in May -or early in June. That is one objection for New York and Long Island. A -second and more important objection is that the college examinations are -usually held the last week in June, and unless I am greatly mistaken, -the final ones come on that very Saturday. This is at least a matter for -the executive committee to investigate. It is fortunately, too, a matter -that can be very easily remedied.</p> - -<p>It is deeply to be regretted, just as we are congratulating ourselves -over the formation of a National I. S. A. A., that we must also announce -the failure of the plans made for an Eastern trip by the Oakland -High-School, of California. One of the officers of the California -Association writes to me as follows concerning it:</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"We have had a lot of trouble with the faculty in regard to that -trip, and as they are opposed to it for several reasons, we have -reluctantly desisted from raising money, and, I am sorry to say, we -will not come East next summer. We should have had in the bank -about a thousand dollars by Christmas if we had been allowed to -proceed with our plans. As it is, we have several hundred dollars, -which we will doubtless find some use for."</p></blockquote> - -<p>And so end, for this year at least, the hopes and ambitions of our -California fellow-sportsmen. We all regret that this must be so, and -knowing how great the interest of Eastern scholastic athletes has been -in this proposed visit, I feel warranted in devoting space to the letter -from the O.-H.-S. faculty to the Oakland Board of Education which put an -end to the trip. It fully explains the situation:</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"In view of the fact that quite recently a new phase of athletics -in the High-School has made its appearance, and as the results are -already proving detrimental to the interests of our pupils, we -consider it to be our duty to express to you our views upon this -subject.</p> - -<p>"We deem it to be not only unwise but positively injurious to the -proper prosecution of the studies of our pupils that they should -give repeated entertainments for the purpose of raising a fund to -defray the expenses of some of their number to visit Eastern cities -to engage in competing athletic games. As we are informed, at least -two entertainments have been given already, and others are in -contemplation. All this requires considerable time and thought, and -if an argument were necessary to convince you that this means a -serious interference with the school duties of all who engage in -these entertainments, either in taking an active part in their -public performances or in selling tickets for them, we have in -evidence the statement of some of our number that already several -of the pupils thus actively engaged have materially deteriorated -within the last three weeks.</p> - -<p>"We fully realize that the relation we sustain toward the citizens -of Oakland who so generously support the High-School, and toward -the pupils we are required to instruct, demands that we zealously -guard the interests of those placed under our care. Deeply -impressed with this fact, we cannot see anything, however important -it may be in itself, precede that for which the High-School is -organized and supported.</p> - -<p>"The High-School is part of the educational department of our city, -and is under the supervision of the Board of Education. We believe -it should be fully recognized that neither the name of the -High-School nor any of its interests should be used for any purpose -whatever without the sanction of the supervising board.</p> - -<p>"We furthermore wish to express our entire disapproval of having -any one visit the East, for the purpose contemplated, in the name -of the Oakland High-School.</p> - -<p>"We do not wish it to be understood that we are in any degree -opposed to athletic sports when kept within reasonable bounds; on -the contrary, we encourage them, and are pleased to see our pupils -interested in them. We believe, however, that their place in our -school should be secondary. When they aspire to a first place and -seriously interfere with the proper work of the school, we consider -it to be our duty to enter an earnest protest."</p></blockquote> - -<p>Our nearer neighbors in Iowa, however, have as yet met with no obstacle -to their joining the N. I. S. A. A., and the president of the -association writes to me from Clinton that "the people of Clinton are -awake more than ever since the article in <span class="smcap">Harper's Round Table</span> of -December 24th. It came just at the right time. Our first entertainment -will come off about the last of the month, and we expect to clear $400. -The State Delegates' meeting is to be held at Muscatine, Iowa, Friday, -January 3d, and at that meeting our interests in the National -Association will be talked of. I was greatly disappointed in not being -able to have a delegate at the National Interscholastic meeting, but the -notices came too late to hear from all the schools of the Association. -You may depend upon it, however, that if everything goes on as smoothly -as it does now, Iowa will have a team at the National Meet." It cannot -be urged too strongly upon the officers and the Executive Committee of -the National Association to enter into communication at once with all -the associations that they can reach.</p> - -<p>The standing of the Junior League of the New England Interscholastic -Football Association, as given in these columns on December 31st, shows -the relative positions of the teams before Dedham High played off the -tie with Hyde Park High. To make the record complete, the final standing -of the teams is here added:</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="center">Games</td><td align="center">Games</td><td align="center"></td><td align="center">Points</td><td align="center">Points</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="center">won.</td><td align="center">lost.</td><td align="center">Tied.</td><td align="center">won.</td><td align="center">lost.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Somerville High.</td><td align="center">5</td><td align="center">0</td><td align="center">1</td><td align="center">106</td><td align="center">10</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Newton "</td><td align="center">4</td><td align="center">1</td><td align="center">1</td><td align="center">69</td><td align="center">32</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Chelsea "</td><td align="center">3</td><td align="center">2</td><td align="center">0</td><td align="center">66</td><td align="center">74</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Dedham "</td><td align="center">3</td><td align="center">2</td><td align="center">0</td><td align="center">24</td><td align="center">42</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Roxbury Latin</td><td align="center">3</td><td align="center">3</td><td align="center">0</td><td align="center">82</td><td align="center">41</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Hyde Park High.</td><td align="center">1</td><td align="center">5</td><td align="center">0</td><td align="center">22</td><td align="center">92</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Roxbury High.</td><td align="center">0</td><td align="center">6</td><td align="center">0</td><td align="center">6</td><td align="center">70</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>The formation of an Interscholastic Polo Association in Connecticut puts -an additional event on the list of competitive sports for the winter, -and for that reason it should be welcomed. It is a healthy exercise -out-of-doors, and is the best kind of sport to develop good skaters. The -schools that have thus far joined the League are the Hill-house High, -Bridgeport High, New Britain High, Hartford High, and Meriden High -schools, and it is probable that the New London schools will come in -too.</p> - -<p>The game of ice polo is a simple one, and ought to find favor wherever -there is a frozen pond or river. The rules of the sport may be found in -almost any book of sporting regulations, but, briefly, the principle of -the game is as follows: There are two teams, of five men each, playing -against each other. The players are called first and second rushes, -centre, half-back, and goal. There is usually no limit placed upon the -size of the field (ice-field, of course), although commonly it is marked -off from fifty to seventy-five feet in length, and about half as wide as -it is long.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_271" id="Page_271">[Pg 271]</a></span></p> - -<p>The officials consist of an umpire and a referee, or frequently of an -umpire only. The referee has duties similar to the official of the same -name in football—that is, looks after the ball, calls goals, brings the -ball in when it is driven out of bounds, etc. The umpire looks after the -men, calls fouls, etc. The ball is placed in the centre of the field, -and at a signal the first rush of each team skates toward it, the second -rush following immediately. As soon as one of the first rushes touches -the ball it is in play, and every other man has the privilege of -knocking it.</p> - -<p>The object of each side is to get the ball into the opponents' goal. -Each goal counts one for the side making it. As a general thing the -aggressive work is done by the first and second rushes, and the -defensive by the half-back and goal. The regulation ball is three inches -in diameter; the polo sticks are about 3 feet 6 inches in length, or -according to the taste of the players. Fouls consist of tripping, -hitting, and pushing an opponent, kicking the ball with the foot by any -player except goal-tender. The penalty for fouling is a goal added to -the opponents' score. Space prevents giving a more detailed description -of the game, but I shall cheerfully answer any questions that the -readers of this Department may wish to ask.</p> - -<p>In the All-New-York Football Team, published last week, I committed the -error of mentioning Mr. Carey as a member of the Columbia Grammar School -eleven. Mr. Carey played with the Hamilton Institute team.</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">The Graduate</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>YOUNG MOTHERS</h4> - -<p>should early learn the necessity of keeping on hand a supply of Gail -Borden Eagle Brand Condensed Milk for nursing babies as well as for -general cooking. It has stood the test for 30 years, and its value is -recognised.—[<i>Adv.</i>]</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Arnold</h2> - -<h2>Constable & Co</h2> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>CHILDREN'S WEAR.</h3> - -<h4><i>Reduction in prices:</i></h4> - -<h3>Reefers, Coats,</h3> - -<h3>Children's Frocks.</h3> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>Ladies' Wrappers,</h4> - -<h4>Ladies' Silk Skirts,</h4> - -<h4>Ladies' House Dresses.</h4> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>PARIS UNDERWEAR.</h3> - -<h3>CORSETS.</h3> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>Broadway & 19th st.</h4> - -<h4>NEW YORK.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Highest of all in Leavening Strength.—Latest U. S. Gov't Report.></h2> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_025.jpg" width="600" height="170" alt="Royal Baking Powder" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_026.jpg" width="600" height="200" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>Educational Athletic Figures,</h2> - -<h4>... Souvenirs of ...</h4> - -<h2>Twenty Years in Business.</h2> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">Baseball Player</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Football Player</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Tennis Player</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Golf Player</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Bicycle Rider</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><b>A Complete Set</b>, Embracing the above five figures, will be sent to any -address in the United States or Canada upon receipt of 10 cents, to pay -charges. These figures are perfect in every particular, and suitable -souvenirs of our twenty years as positive leaders in the manufacture of -everything that is essential for outdoor or indoor sports and pastimes. -The figures represent the different athletes in correct positions, with -the proper implements and clothing, and contain as well a short -educational story as to how the different sports are played, making in -all the most complete series of athletic figures ever issued in the -world, and a collection that every one should have. Suitable for the -home dining-room, club-room, reading-room, or office, nicely mounted and -arranged so they will stand upright and make, indeed, a very attractive -ornament.</p> - -<p class="center">Sent by mail upon receipt of 10 cents, to pay charges.</p> - -<h3>A. G. SPALDING & BROS.,</h3> - -<p class="center">The Largest Manufacturers of Bicycles and Athletic Goods in the World.</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">NEW YORK, 126-130 Nassau St.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">CHICAGO, 147-149 Wabash Ave.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">PHILADELPHIA, 1216 Chestnut St.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h4>BREAKFAST—SUPPER.</h4> - -<h2>EPPS'S</h2> - -<h4>GRATEFUL—COMFORTING.</h4> - -<h2>COCOA</h2> - -<h4>BOILING WATER OR MILK.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>HOOPING-COUGH</h2> - -<h2>CROUP.</h2> - -<h3>Roche's Herbal Embrocation.</h3> - -<p>The celebrated and effectual English Cure without internal medicine. -Proprietors, <span class="smcap">W. Edward & Son</span>, London, England.</p> - -<h4>E. Fougera & Co., 30 North William St., N.Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 150px;"> -<img src="images/ill_027.jpg" width="150" height="128" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>PRINTING OUTFIT 10c.</h2> - -<p>Sets any name in one minute; prints 500 cards an hour. YOU can make -money with it. A font of pretty type, also Indelible Ink, Type, Holder, -Pads and Tweezers. Best Linen Marker, worth $1.00. Sample mailed FREE -for 10c. stamps for postage on outfit and large catalogue of 1000 -bargains. Same outfit with figures 15c. Larger outfit for printing two -lines 25c. post-paid. Ingersoll & Bro. 65 Cortlandt St., N. Y. City</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_028.jpg" width="400" height="56" alt="" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_029.jpg" width="400" height="60" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>Good Music</h2> - -<h3>Franklin Square Song Collection.</h3> - -<p>GOOD MUSIC arouses a spirit of good-will, creates a harmonious -atmosphere, and where harmony and good-will prevail, the disobedient, -turbulent, unruly spirit finds no resting-place. Herbert Spencer puts -his final test of any plan of culture in the form of a question, "Does -it create a pleasurable excitement in the pupils?" Judged by this -criterion, Music deserves the first rank, for no work done in the school -room is so surely creative of pleasure as singing. Do we not all agree, -then, that Vocal Music has power to benefit every side of the child -nature? And in these days, when we seek to make our schools the arenas -where children may grow into symmetrical, substantial, noble characters, -can we afford to neglect so powerful an aid as Music? Let us as rather -encourage it in every way possible.</p> - -<p><i>Nowhere can you find for Home or School a better Selection of Songs and -Hymns than in the Franklin Square Song Collection.</i></p> - -<p>Sold Everywhere. Price, 50 cents; Cloth, $1.00. Full contents of the -Several Numbers, with Specimen, Pages of favorite Songs and Hymns, sent -by Harper & Brothers, New York, to any address.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_272" id="Page_272">[Pg 272]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="THOMAS_W_KNOX" id="THOMAS_W_KNOX">THOMAS W. KNOX.</a></h2> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 315px;"> -<img src="images/ill_030.jpg" width="315" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">COLONEL THOMAS W. KNOX.</span> -</div> - -<p>There are people with whom we never associate the thought of death, and -whose bright, genial lives seem meant to go on and on to extreme old -age. When they are taken away we hear the tidings with surprise and -regret, and looking over the work they have done we realize how much we -are in their debt for hours of pleasure and profit. Such a man was -Colonel Knox, whose <i>Boy Travellers</i> are in every village library, and -whose name is a household word wherever bright young people meet. He was -well known to the readers of the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span>, to which he has often -contributed. A cheery comrade, a genial friend, he possessed the rare -art of telling a story and imparting information at the same time, so -that his books of travel are not only entertaining, but of permanent -value. He wrote a great many books, but among them there is not one -which has not a claim on the attentive reader; and now that he is gone, -we are glad that he will still live, and teach, and amuse, and charm a -great audience in his pleasant volumes.</p> - -<p>Colonel Knox was born in New Hampshire in 1835. His was a typical -American life. Born of plain people, he learned the trade of a -shoemaker, having previously gone to the district school and worked on a -farm, as many a bright lad is doing to-day. Shoe-making was not to be -his occupation, however, and when twenty-three years old he undertook -the more congenial task of teaching, and presently was at the head of a -school. Later his love of adventure took him to the gold-fields of the -West. But for the breaking out of the civil war it is probable that -young Knox might have gone on either as an explorer or a preceptor, but -fate decreed otherwise. When the war rallied the young men of the -country on one or the other side, the most promising in every avocation -enlisted, and as a matter of course such a man as Knox entered the Union -army. Here he served in two campaigns, was rapidly promoted, and finally -received the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel on the staff of the Governor of -California. That he could write as well as fight was shown by the fact -that he became a war correspondent, sending stirring letters from the -front to the New York papers.</p> - -<p>All this proves the pluck and versatility of the man. He was generally -successful in his undertakings, bringing to bear on them the force of a -clever and quick mind which could grasp a situation and did not neglect -details.</p> - -<p>There must have been a roving drop in the blood of the New Hampshire -boy, for after the war he could not contentedly settle down and enjoy -life at home, but started off on a journey with a scientific object. -Organizing an expedition to establish a telegraph line through southern -Asia, he entered on the life of a traveller, with all the hardships and -the pleasures which combine to make such a life interesting and full of -excitement. On sledges in Siberia, in palanquins in India, up and down -rivers in China, wherever his fancy or business led him. Colonel Knox -travelled, and wrote books about his experiences. The Emperor of Siam -was so pleased with the story of <i>Boy Travellers</i> in his country that he -conferred on the author the "Order of the White Elephant," a great -distinction, which Colonel Knox was the first American to receive.</p> - -<p>Colonel Knox was very practical, not specially imaginative, a -clear-sighted, straight-forward man, noted for common-sense and energy. -As the boys whom he has so often entertained turn the pages of their -favorite volumes, they cannot do better than remember that the man who -wrote them was in every throb of the pulse an American, simple-hearted, -patriotic, and sincere. He loved his country, he studied other -countries, and he spent his life in doing honestly and manfully whatever -his hand found to do. A good example for us all.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h3>Some Interesting Questions.</h3> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Last year I bought three of the dancing or jumping beans, which -were then a great novelty. With them came a circular describing -them and their habits, which, unfortunately, I have thrown away. -However, it was to the effect that the beans were hollow shells -which were found on some tree or shrub in Mexico. Each shell -contained a small white worm, which would live, the circular said, -about six months.</p> - -<p>If one of the beans was placed on the palm of the hand, or on a -slightly warmed surface, it would begin to move around in little -jerks or jumps which were caused by the worm inside. One theory was -that if the shell remains stationary in its native home something -will destroy it. The worm has no desire to leave the shell. If a -hole is bored in it he will straightway patch it up, and if removed -from the shell entirely he will try to cover himself up, but cannot -make a new shell.</p> - -<p>My part of the story is different. Last spring, the beans being -still alive, I put them in a small box and packed them away for the -summer. When I unpacked them, what do you suppose I found? Three -shells, each with a hole in it, the dried skin of the worm, and -also a perfect specimen of a strange moth. I cut one of the shells -in half, and there were a number of eggs as yet unhatched. Will the -Editor please have these specimens conveyed to Mr. W. Hamilton -Gibson, who writes such interesting articles for young folks about -natural history, so that he may write on this subject if he thinks -it of sufficient interest.</p> - -<p>Why did the moth or worm bore the hole and lay the eggs? Did the -moth die of hunger or suffocation; if so, why did not the worm die -in the shell? How could it be a cocoon if the worm did not make it? -Why did it lay <i>all</i> the eggs in one shell? All are questions -which, when answered, will surely be interesting.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">John Hawkesworth, R.T.F.</span>.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">New York</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>Writing One's Name.</h3> - -<p>Not a few persons fail to stick to one signature. Especially is this -true of young persons. They sign their name in all sorts of ways—a -practice that is most confusing to those of their correspondents who do -not, through personal acquaintance, happen to know that "John A. Smith," -"J. A. Smith," "J. Albert Smith," and "John Smith" are one and the same -person.</p> - -<p>Young persons coming into the world of affairs should select a form for -their name and always use the same. It is a matter of fancy, probably, -but we prefer the first name spelled out, since it tells something about -the writer. A correspondent replying to a letter signed by initials only -is often uncertain whether to begin his letter "Dear Sir," or "Dear -Miss," or "Dear Madam."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>Competition in Raisin Growing.</h3> - -<blockquote> - -<p>California is a great raisin country. Immense quantities of raisins -from this valley are exported annually to all parts. The muscat is -the raisin grape generally grown, but there are several other -varieties. The Sultana and the Thompson seedless are small grapes -without seeds. During grape-picking-time the country presents a -lively aspect. Men, women, and children find employment during the -grape season, and a quick worker may earn good wages. One may often -see whole families having come from a distance to pick grapes on -some large vineyard, camping out in light tents either in the field -or beside the country road-side.</p> - -<p>The grapes are picked in rows and placed upon trays. The bunches -are detached from the vines by a sharp knife, and any injured or -decayed grape is removed. A grape-picker is paid, generally, two -and a half cents a tray. A good picker sometimes fills seventy-five -trays in a day. But they will assure you it is no light work to -pick grapes in the hot sun, the thermometer over one hundred in the -shade. When the grapes are partially dried they are skilfully -turned over into an empty tray so that the under side will be -exposed to the sun.</p> - -<p>As soon as the grapes are properly cured the trays are stacked, and -the raisins are put into sweat boxes ready to be taken to the -packing-house, where they are weighed. The loose raisins are set -apart from the choice clusters, and are placed in a stemmer, which -is worked by machinery, and which throws out the stems and any -refuse matter. The clusters and layer raisins are pressed in forms -and placed in the boxes, layer by layer. Paper is spread between -each layer. Ribbons and beautiful chromos serve to give the final -finish, and the dainty boxes of fruit are sent away by the car-load -all over the United States.</p> - -<p>At one time raisins were a source of great profit, but now -vineyards have become more extensive, and as there is a greater -supply of raisins prices have been much lower.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Bessie M. Roberts</span>.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Hanford, Kings Co., Cal</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_273" id="Page_273">[Pg 273]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"><a name="THE_CAMERA_CLUB" id="THE_CAMERA_CLUB"></a> -<img src="images/ill_031.jpg" width="400" height="134" alt="THE CAMERA CLUB" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly -answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to -hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions.</p></blockquote> - -<p>Sir Knight Willis H. Kerr sends the following formula for fogged plates, -which he thinks the Camera Club will appreciate: Bromine water, 50 cc.; -tincture of iodine, 20 cc.; distilled water, 1 litre. After immersing -the plates in this solution for two or three minutes they should be -washed and dried. If the plate has been only partially exposed to light, -it should be exposed to lamp-light in order to make the fog impression -uniform. The plates must be immersed in the solution by red light and -tried in a dark room.</p> - -<p>Sir Knight H. J. Maccoy asks how to print pictures from a negative where -the glass is broken, but the film is not. If there is one clear break -across the glass place the negative in the printing-frame, pushing the -broken edges closely together, holding them firmly while adjusting the -sensitive paper. Place the negative at such an angle with the light that -the crack will not make a shadow on the paper, and print in the shade. -If there are several cracks in the glass put the negative in the -printing-frame, supporting it with a piece of plain glass; tie cords to -the printing-frame so that it may be suspended by them, hang the frame -from some projection where it will not hit anything, and keep it -revolving during the printing. By keeping the plate moving all the time -the cracks in the glass do not cast a shadow long enough in one place to -leave any impression on the sensitive paper.</p> - -<p>A correspondent sends us an envelope which he uses for storing purposes. -The envelope is not as convenient as the commercial envelope made -specially for negatives, for it has a flap and opens at the side, -whereas the manila envelope opens at the end, has no flap, and there is -a small crescent cut in the edge, which makes it convenient to remove -the plate from the envelope. The open end of the envelope should be -placed at the back of the pigeon-hole, both for preservation of the -negative and to keep it free from dust.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"><a name="THE_PUDDING_STICK" id="THE_PUDDING_STICK"></a> -<img src="images/ill_032.jpg" width="400" height="114" alt="THE PUDDING STICK" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>This Department is conducted in the interest of Girls and Young -Women, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question on the -subject so far as possible. Correspondents should address Editor.</p></blockquote> - -<p>I am sorry, dear Mildred and Nancy, that you and I have so very -different an opinion on the subject of punctuality. You say, scornfully, -"What does it matter about five minutes, or three minutes, and our -teacher makes just as much fuss when we are two or three minutes tardy -as if we were an hour late?"</p> - -<p>Suppose you were going to Montreal to visit Aunt Katharine and your -cousins, and you were to meet Uncle Leo and Cousin Margaret at quarter -to eight o'clock. Don't you think Uncle Leo would be annoyed if you -should fail to keep the appointment to the very minute, and what about -the rail-way train in the case? For a traveller going anywhere on a boat -or in the cars must be punctual to an instant, or he will be left. We -find that very unpunctual people can accommodate themselves to the ways -of trains in this particular.</p> - -<p>We have no right to waste our own time, girls, and certainly we have no -right to waste that of other people. To do so is most thoughtless and -unkind. If you are in a class, your unpunctuality may inconvenience and -disturb all the others, and very much annoy your teacher. If you are on -a committee, and come late to the place of meeting, you throw every one -else out of her orbit. People have many engagements in a single day. -They can keep none of them to advantage if they are hindered by the -careless person who does not keep hers conscientiously.</p> - -<p>This whole matter of keeping engagements is one in which you must -establish good habits. Never promise to go anywhere, or do anything, to -make a visit, or take a table at a fair, or help a friend who needs -assistance, and then break your word. A girl's word is a sacred thing. -If it is only to sit for an hour with an older friend, or to take -luncheon and a walk with Jenny on Saturday, or to write a letter for the -cook, who cannot write her letter for herself, keep your word and be on -time. Nothing else is worthy such a girl as the one I have in my mind -while I write, so clever and sensible, and, in the main, so satisfactory -that I cannot bear her to have even one little flaw. I don't want to -think of her as one of those people who come hustling into church and -Sunday-school ten minutes late, and who disturb everybody else in places -of amusement by the same habit. And I cannot imagine one of my girls as, -by-and-by, going anywhere late to dinner, a most grievous social fault.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_033.jpg" width="400" height="111" alt="Signature" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h3>The</h3> - -<h2>Columbia</h2> - -<h3>Bicycle</h3> - -<h2>Pad Calendar</h2> - -<h3>For 1896</h3> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 237px;"> -<img src="images/ill_034.jpg" width="237" height="250" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h3>YOU NEED IT.</h3> - -<p>A Desk Calendar is a necessity—most convenient kind of storehouse for -memoranda. The Columbia Desk Calendar is brightest and handsomest of -all—full of dainty pen sketches and entertaining thoughts on outdoor -exercise and sport. Occasionally reminds you of the superb quality of -Columbia Bicycles and of your need of one. You won't object to that, of -course. The Calendar will be mailed for five 2-cent stamps.</p> - -<p class="center">Address Calendar Department,</p> - -<h4>POPE MANUFACTURING CO.,</h4> - -<h4>HARTFORD, CONN.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 394px;"> -<img src="images/ill_035.jpg" width="394" height="85" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 16em;">There are monarchs, there are monarchs,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Men of every clime and hue.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 16em;">From the Czar of all the Russias</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">To the Prince of Timbuctoo;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 16em;">Monarchs good and monarchs famous,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Monarchs short and monarchs tall;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 16em;">But the <i>best</i> is <i>our</i> Monarch—</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">It's the Monarch of them all.</span><br /> -</p> - -<h2>Monarch</h2> - -<h4>King of Bicycles—A Marvel of</h4> - -<h4>Strength, Speed and Reliability.</h4> - -<p>4 models. $80 and $100, fully guaranteed. For children and adults who -want a lower price wheel the <i>Defiance</i> is made in 8 models, $40 to $75.</p> - -<p>Send for Monarch book.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 200px;"> -<img src="images/ill_036.jpg" width="200" height="190" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h3>MONARCH CYCLE</h3> - -<h3>MFG. CO.,</h3> - -<h4>Lake, Halsted and</h4> - -<h4>Fulton Sts., CHICAGO.</h4> - -<h4>83 Reade Street,</h4> - -<h4>New York.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>JOSEPH GILLOTT'S</h2> - -<h3>STEEL PENS</h3> - -<p class="center">Nos. 303, 404, 170, 604 E.F., 601 E.F.</p> - -<p class="center">And other styles to suit all hands.</p> - -<h4>THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Postage Stamps, &c.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>50%</h2> - -<p class="center">Commission on <i>Approval Sheets</i>, 1000 Mixed Stamps, 15c.</p> - -<h4>P. G. BEALS, Brookline, Mass.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 88px;"> -<img src="images/ill_037.jpg" width="88" height="100" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p><b>STAMPS!</b> 800 fine mixed Victoria, Cape of G. H., India, Japan, etc., with -fine Stamp Album, only <b>10c.</b> New 80-p. Price-list free. <i>Agents wanted</i> -at <b>50%</b> commission. STANDARD STAMP CO., 4 Nicholson Place, St. Louis, Mo. -Old U. S. and Confederate Stamps bought.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>STAMP COLLECTORS!</h2> - -<p>12 South America, 9c.; 15 Mexico and Central America, 10c.; 18 West -Indian, 10c.; 15 Australia, 12c.; 16 Asia, 10c. Large monthly price-list -free. Approval Sheet agents wanted; 50% com. and prizes given. <span class="smcap">C. W. -Grevning</span>, Morristown, N.J.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;"> -<img src="images/ill_038.jpg" width="100" height="74" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>100 all dif. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only 10c.; 200 all dif. Hayti, -Hawaii, etc., only 50c. Ag'ts w't'd at 50% com. List FREE! <b>C. A. -Stegmann</b>, 5941 Cote Brilliante Ave., St. Louis, Mo</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>300</h2> - -<p class="center">STAMPS FOR $1.00, all different, some quite rare.</p> - -<h4>KEUTGEN BROTHERS, 322 Broadway, N. Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>310</h2> - -<p>foreign Bolivia, etc., 10c.; 100 different China, etc., 10c. Finest -approval sheet, at 50%. Agents wanted. Large price-list, free. <span class="smcap">Shaw -Stamp Co</span>., Jackson, Mich.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p>STAMPS! 100 all dif. Barbados, etc. Only 10c. Ag'ts w't'd at 50% com. -List free. L. DOVER & CO., 1469 Hodiamont, St. Louis, Mo.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center">STAMPS. Approval sheets. Agents wanted; 50% com.</p> - -<h4>G. D. Holt & Co., 155 Pulaski St., Brooklyn, N. Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>112</h2> - -<p class="center">FOREIGN STAMPS. Liberia, Obock, Macao, etc., 6 cts. H. L. Ashfield, 707 -Prospect Ave., N. Y.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b>BOOKS OF STAMPS</b> at 33-1/3 per cent. commission. References required. -MODEL STAMP CO., W. Superior, Wis.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>FREE.</h2> - -<p>Comic return envelopes. Sleight of Hand exposed. List Of 500 gifts. -Album of cards. Send 2c. stamp for postage. Address Banner Card Co., -Cadiz, Ohio.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>BAKER</h2> - -<p class="center">sells recitations and PLAYS</p> - -<p class="center">23 Winter St., Boston</p> - -<h4>CATALOGUES FREE.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>CARDS</h2> - -<p>The FINEST SAMPLES BOOK of Gold Beveled Edge, Hidden Name, Silk Fringe, -Envelope and Calling Cards ever offered for a 2 cent stamp. These are -GENUINE CARDS, NOT TRASH. UNION CARD CO., COLUMBUS, OHIO.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_039.jpg" width="400" height="56" alt="" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_274" id="Page_274">[Pg 274]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="BICYCLING" id="BICYCLING"></a> -<img src="images/ill_040.jpg" width="600" height="144" alt="BICYCLING" /> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 498px;"> -<img src="images/ill_041.jpg" width="498" height="700" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">Copyright, 1895, by Harper & Brothers.</span> -</div> - -<p>On leaving York, to continue the journey to Washington by the route -which we are going, the rider turns south and westward on what is known -as the York and Gettysburg Turnpike. The road is direct to Thomasville, -about six miles away, with the exception of three forks. These should be -carefully watched, and the rider should in his inquiries always ask for -the York and Gettysburg Turnpike. The first fork is something less than -a mile out from York, a few minutes after crossing the railroad track. -Here the rider should keep to the left. He again takes the left fork a -short two miles further on, and about a mile or more before reaching -Thomasville, at the junction of three roads, he keeps to the right on -the turnpike. From Thomasville to Hockstown, a distance of about three -miles, the turnpike is unmistakable. By referring to the map at -Hockstown, the reader will see that the main route turns sharp to the -right, running over to East Berlin, a distance of three or three and a -half miles. It is possible to follow the turnpike to Gettysburg as -indicated on the map by the fair bicycle road, but the route to East -Berlin is much better. From East Berlin run on to Abbottstown. At this -point the rider must make up his mind whether he will make a detour of -some miles and take in the field of Gettysburg. If there is time enough, -you are earnestly urged to make the extra run, since there is much at -Gettysburg which is interesting to the student of American history. -Leaving Abbottstown, run out to New Oxford on the York and Gettysburg -Turnpike. The road is unmistakable, and from this point to Gettysburg, -through Granite Hill, the turnpike is most of the time near the -railroad, so that it is easy to follow it. Gettysburg will be a good -place for dinner; it is more than half-way to Westminster, and an hour -or two can be very profitably spent in the vicinity of the town in -seeing what there is to be seen. From Gettysburg follow the route to -Germantown, and thence to Littlestown. At Littlestown the rider again -joins the main bicycle route from York to Westminster, and proceeds -thence into Westminster.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_275" id="Page_275">[Pg 275]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"><a name="STAMPS" id="STAMPS"></a> -<img src="images/ill_042.jpg" width="400" height="133" alt="STAMPS" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin -collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question -on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address -Editor Stamp Department.</p></blockquote> - -<p>In the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span>, December 17, 1895, I gave a list of prices <i>asked by -dealers</i> for all United States coins of the following denominations: -Half-cent, large cent, small cent, two cents, three cents (nickel), five -cents (nickel), three cents (silver), five cents (silver), dimes, and -twenty-cent pieces. The list is completed in this Number, and I hope -readers of the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> will keep the list, as it will save many -questions. The prices quoted are asked for fair copies of the older -dates, and nearly perfect copies of the later dates. The later coins can -usually be found in general circulation at face.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Quarter-Dollars</span>.—1796, $2.50; 1804, $2.50; 1805, 1806, 1807, 50c. each; -1815, $1; 1818 to 1822, 75c. each; 1823, $75; 1824, $2; 1825, $1.50; -1827, $50; 1828, 75c.; 1831 to 1851, 50c. each; 1852, 75c.; 1853 -(without rays), $10; 1853 (rays on rev.), 35c.; 1854 to 1862, 50c. each; -1863, 1864, 1865, $1 each; 1866, $10; 1866 (in God We Trust), $1; 1867, -$1; 1868, $1; 1869, 75c.; 1870 to 1893 (Liberty), 50c. each; 1893 -(Isabella), $2; 1894, 50c.; 1895, 50c.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Half-Dollars</span>.—1794, $4; 1795, $1.25; 1795 (three leaves), $4; 1796, -$75; 1797, $75; 1801, $3; 1802, $4; 1803, $1; 1805, $1; 1805 (over -1804), $2; 1806 to 1814, 75c. each; 1815, $4; 1817 to 1836, 75c. each; -1836 (milled edge), $4; new style, $2; 1837 to 1850, 75c. each; 1851, -$1; 1852, $2.50; 1853 to 1861, 75c. each; 1861 (Confed. rev. restrike), -$5; 1862 to 1865, $1 each; 1866, $1.50; 1866 (in God We Trust), $1.25; -1867, $1.25; 1868, 1869, $1 each; 1870, 1871, 1872, 75c. each; 1873 (no -darts), $1.50; 1873 (with darts), 75c.; 1874 to 1878, 75c. each; 1879 to -1891, $1 each; 1892 to 1895, 75c. each. Columbian.—1892 (Columbus), -75c.; 1893, 75c.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Dollars</span>.—1794, $100; 1795 (flowing hair), $3; 1795 (fillet head), -$3.50; 1796, $4; 1797, $4; 1798 (13 stars, small eagle), $5; 1798 (15 -stars, small eagle), $6; 1798 (13 stars, spread eagle), $2.50; 1799 -(5-star facing), $4; 1799 (6-star facing), $2; 1799 (over 1798), $3; -1800, $2; 1801, $3.50; 1802 (over 1801),$2.75; 1802, $3; 1803, $3.50; -1803 (italic 3), $4; 1804, $500; 1836, $10; 1838, $50; 1839, $60; 1840 -to 1850, $2 each; 1851, $50; 1852, $75; 1853, $2.50; 1854, $5; 1855, $3; -1856, $2.50; 1857, $2.75; 1858, $50; 1859 to 1869, $2.50 each; 1870, -1871, 1872, $2; 1873, $2.50; 1878 to 1894, $1.50 each. Trade -dollars.—1873, $2; 1874 to 1883, $1.50 each.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Gold Coin</span>.—Dollars, $1.50 to $10; quarter-eagles, $3 to $10; -three-dollar pieces, $3.50 to $5; half-eagles, 1795 to 1828, from $8 up, -except 1815, $500, and 1824, $150; eagles, 1795 to 1804, from $12 up; -later dates at a small advance over face; double eagle, 1849, $500.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p><span class="smcap">W. Sanders</span>.—The 1838 cent is worth 5 cents. The 1839 cent, stamped -over the date 1836, is worth $6.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">F. H. Harris</span>.—The U. S. revenues mentioned are worth from 1 cent -to 5 cents each if perforated; if unperforated, they are worth from -5 cents to $1 each. The U. S. 12 cent 1861 is worth 25 cents.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Mary Fithian</span>.—For value of dollars see above.</p></blockquote> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_043.jpg" width="600" height="162" alt="Ivory Soap" /> -</div> - -<p class="center">No other soap is found in so many homes.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">The Procter & Gamble Co., Cin'ti</span>.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h3>GEO. F. CRANE,</h3> - -<p class="center">90 Nassau St.,</p> - -<p class="center">NEW YORK,</p> - -<p class="center">will pay cash for collection or scarce stamps.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_044.jpg" width="400" height="56" alt="" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Books by Thomas W. Knox</h2> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>THE "BOY TRAVELLERS" SERIES</h3> - -<p class="center">Copiously Illustrated. Square 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $3.00 per volume.</p> - -<h4>ADVENTURES OF TWO YOUTHS—</h4> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">IN THE LEVANT.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN SOUTHERN EUROPE.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN CENTRAL EUROPE.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN NORTHERN EUROPE.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN MEXICO.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN AUSTRALASIA.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">ON THE CONGO.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN SOUTH AMERICA.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN CENTRAL AFRICA.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN EGYPT AND PALESTINE.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN CEYLON AND INDIA.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN SIAM AND JAVA.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">IN JAPAN AND CHINA.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<h4><i>OTHER BOOKS BY COLONEL KNOX:</i></h4> - -<h3>Hunting Adventures on Land and Sea</h3> - -<p class="center">2 vols. Copiously Illustrated. Square 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $2.50 -each.</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">THE YOUNG NIMRODS IN NORTH AMERICA.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">THE YOUNG NIMRODS AROUND THE WORLD.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>There is, perhaps, no way in which young readers can become so truly -familiarized with a country, in all its resources and capabilities, as -by these books of Mr. Knox's.—<i>Boston Traveller.</i></p> - -<p>Mr. Knox's pictures of mountains and rivers, forests and plains, of -people and their customs, modes of life and government, can be marked as -accurate. They are not fancy sketches, but actual facts gathered from -personal observation and from reliable data.—<i>Chicago Inter-Ocean.</i></p> - -<p>Boy readers have their own favorite authors, and among them Colonel Knox -stands in a foremost place. He is a master of the art of adding to the -solid facts of geography and history the leaven of boyish imagination, -which makes the acquirement of information so agreeable to the mind in -its formation period.—<i>Philadelphia Inquirer.</i></p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_276" id="Page_276">[Pg 276]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 413px;"> -<img src="images/ill_045.jpg" width="413" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">AN IMPERTINENT SPARROW.<br /><br /> -"<span class="smcap">On, Kingfisher, how fares your Queen</span>?<br /> -<span class="smcap">The Queenfisher, of course, I mean</span>."</span> -</div> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>THE MAIN DIFFERENCE.</h3> - -<p>"Jack the Giant-killer was a very different sort of a person from Jack -of the Bean-stalk," said Wilbur. "One raised beans, but the other raised -thunder."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>CAUGHT IN THE ACT.</h3> - -<p>"I'm goin' to tell my pa on you," said Johnny Smithers, as the -blacksmith pared some of the bone away from the horse's hoof.</p> - -<p>"Why? What have I done?" asked the blacksmith.</p> - -<p>"You 'ain't got shoes to fit Dobbin, an' you're whittlin' off his feet -to suit those you have got."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">I love to read of Indian fights—</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 18em;">Fights big and rough and bloody,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 17em;">When they are told in story-books—</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 18em;">Not in the books I study.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>LIKED THE NEW WAY BEST.</h3> - -<p>"I don't see what's the use of my bothering my head learning to write," -quoth Tom. "It's a great deal more fun using a typewriter, and you don't -get your clothes all over ink."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>DIDN'T CARE FOR THAT KIND.</h3> - -<p>"How's the ice?" cried Jack.</p> - -<p>"Like glass," said Willie.</p> - -<p>"Then I'm going home," said Jack. "Glass isn't any good to skate on."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p><span class="smcap">Papa</span>. "Your teacher sent me word saying that you failed in your spelling -lesson to-day. What was the cause of this?"</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Jack</span>. "I guess, papa, I was spell-bound."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>THE VERY BEST ZOO OF ALL.</h3> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">When daddy's made our bread for us, and comes back home at night,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">We often have a lot of fun at playing pillow fight;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And sometimes when he's not too tired, and isn't feeling blue,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">He'll get down on the floor with me, and play that he's a zoo.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">He'll roar and growl and shake his head as if he were a bear,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And do it so it really gives my nerves a little scare;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And then I climb in mamma's lap, where I'll be safe and sound,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And listen to his growling as he ambles all around.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">Then on a sudden he will change into a tiger bold,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And make believe to bite my feet until my blood runs cold,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">But when he turns himself into a great long-necked giraffe,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And nibbles at the chandelier, oh my, how I do laugh!</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And then he takes his collar off and stretches out his throat,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And shoves a sofa pillow up his back beneath his coat,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And cries, "Come see the camel now, come watch him prance and jump!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And don't forget to fix your eye upon that massive hump!"</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">But best of all the game is when he gets down on all-fours,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And 'tends that he's an elephant, and walks out through the doors</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">In search of peanuts, peering round on each and every side,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">For then I get aboard his back and have a jolly ride.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">I've been to lots of circuses—I go 'most every year,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">And see real zoos of every kind from lands both far and near;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">But never did I see a zoo so really out of sight</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 11em;">As that that my dear daddy is, when he comes home at night.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 23em;"><span class="smcap">Gaston V. Drake</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_046.jpg" width="600" height="550" alt="Hibernating" /> -</div> - -<p style="clear:both;"> </p> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 14, 1896, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE *** - -***** This file should be named 52416-h.htm or 52416-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/2/4/1/52416/ - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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