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+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #60538 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/60538)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Trial of Captain John Kimber, for the
-Murder of Two Female Negro Slaves, on Boa, by Student of the Temple
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: The Trial of Captain John Kimber, for the Murder of Two Female Negro Slaves, on Board the Recovery, African Slave Ship:
- Tried at the Admiralty Sessions, Held at the Old Baily,
- the 7th of June, 1792
-
-Author: Student of the Temple
-
-Release Date: October 21, 2019 [EBook #60538]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TRIAL OF CAPTAIN JOHN KIMBER ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by hekula03, Brian Wilcox and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
-by The Internet Archive)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-Transcriber’s Notes:—
-
-Italic text is denoted _thus_.
-
-The spelling, hyphenation and punctuation are as the original, except
-for apparent typographical errors which have been corrected.
-
-A table of contents has been added by the transcriber.
-
-
-
-
- THE
-
- TRIAL
-
- OF
-
- CAPTAIN JOHN KIMBER,
-
- For Murder, &c.
-
-
- [PRICE ONE SHILLING.]
-
-
-
-
- THE
-
- TRIAL
-
- OF
-
- CAPTAIN JOHN KIMBER,
-
- FOR
-
- THE MURDER
-
- OF
-
- TWO FEMALE NEGRO SLAVES,
-
- ON BOARD THE
-
- _Recovery, African Slave Ship_.
-
-
- Tried at the ADMIRALTY SESSIONS, held at the OLD BAILY
- the 7th of JUNE, 1792.
-
- Before Sir JAMES MARRIOT, &c.
-
-
- TAKEN IN SHORT HAND
-
- By a STUDENT of the TEMPLE.
-
- To which are added,
-
- OBSERVATIONS on the above TRIAL.
-
-
- _LONDON_:
-
- Printed and Sold by C. STALKER, No. 4, Stationers-Court,
- Ludgate-Street.
-
-
-
-
-CONTENTS.
-
-
- Page
- INTRODUCTION v
- THE TRIAL 1
-
-
-
-
-INTRODUCTION.
-
-
-On a business which has so long agitated the public mind as the
-Slave Trade, every thing that can be said, must in some manner be
-interesting. The atrocity of that unnatural and abominable custom could
-not in any instance have been more abundantly manifested, than in the
-late decision of a large majority in the House of Commons.
-
-Perhaps the procrastination of the same important question, in a
-superior House, may be productive of greater good than the people of
-England are aware of. Perhaps it may upon the next discussion lead to
-an immediate and total abolition of a cruel and inhuman traffic. It
-cannot but be lamented that a personage of the first rank, who could
-have no other motive except that of love for uncontroulable tyranny,
-should become so strenuous an advocate for slavery. He has more than
-once expressed his sentiments in public, and on the present occasion
-seemed to have comported himself with an extraordinary degree of zeal,
-which whether it became the dignity of a P——— in such a cause, we
-shall not take on us to determine, but leave it to the world to judge
-of the propriety of such conduct.
-
-Whatever the public opinion may be relative to the prosecution carried
-on against Captain Kimber, who has been (we suppose fairly) acquitted
-by an English Jury, it was evidently a necessary and a useful measure.
-It may afford a salutary lesson to those captains of slave ships,
-and masters of slaves who should hereafter attempt to commit such
-horrid outrages as he has been charged with: and it may, from the
-circumstances here related, (for such barbarities have doubtless been
-often practised) fill the minds of men universally with horror against
-the present system: until tyranny shall at length give way to public
-opinion, and liberty and happiness be restored to human beings.
-
-
-
-
-THE
-
-TRIAL
-
-OF
-
-CAPTAIN JOHN KIMBER,
-
-For Murder, &c.
-
-
-This trial came on at the Admiralty Sessions held at the Old Baily, on
-Thursday the 7th of June 1792; before Sir James Marriot, Judge Advocate
-of the Admiralty, Mr. Justice Ashurst, and Mr. Baron Hotham.
-
-The prisoner was indicted for having feloniously, wickedly, and with
-malice aforethought, beaten and tortured a female slave, so as to cause
-her death: and he was again indicted for having caused the death of
-another female slave.
-
-Mr. Broderic on the side of the prosecution, first opened the cause.
-
-Sir William Scott next stated, that the prisoner, Captain Kimber, had
-commanded the ship RECOVERY, which traded in slaves from the
-Coast of Africa, to the West Indies: that in 1791, he arrived in the
-river of Calabar, whence he had, in some time after, departed with
-a cargo of slaves, among whom was that negro girl, for whose murder
-the prisoner now stood indicted. She had been for a considerable time
-afflicted with a loathsome distemper, and a lethargic complaint, which
-prevented her from eating, or mixing in any of those exercises which
-the other slaves on board were accustomed to practice. The prisoner
-had her punished for this supposed obstinacy; flogged her, and had her
-raised up by pullies from the deck, so that the tortures she endured,
-caused her to languish for a few days, until she died.
-
-I shall not, said the learned Council, enter into a detail of
-circumstances, for that must appear by the evidence which is to be laid
-before you Gentlemen of the Jury. Nor is it necessary that I should
-make any observations on the heinousness of this offence, as that is
-the province of the Court. And no doubt, your verdict will be given
-with that discretion and impartiality, which has always been shewn on
-similar occasions.
-
-Mr. Thomas Dowling was first called, and examined by Mr. Attorney
-General; he had been a surgeon on board the RECOVERY, the ship
-which the prisoner commanded: in the beginning of June, he had arrived
-in the river of Calabar, on the coast of Africa, where in the end of
-August they had compleated their cargo of slaves. About the time of
-sailing, he had under his care, a female slave, aged about fourteen
-or fifteen years, who had been afflicted with a virulent gonorrhea,
-and lethargy, or drowsy complaint, of which latter ailment he could
-never learn the real cause. She was not then in a convalescent state:
-but her diseases were stationary, and bore every probable appearance
-of recovery. In this situation she could not eat, as the other slaves
-did, nor join in any of their amusements, at which the Captain was so
-irritated, that he used to flog her himself, with a whip, the handle
-of which, was one foot long, and the lash two. About three weeks after
-they had sailed, he beat her in this manner with uncommon severity;
-and on the 22d of December, perceiving her not to dance with the other
-negro women, he ordered a boy to bring a teakle, one end of which was
-fastened to the _mizen stay_ and the other to one of her hands, and by
-this she was lifted up from the deck, and remained suspended for about
-five minutes: and during that time, she was bounsed up and down, or in
-other words, lifted up, and let fall again, by the way, who had a hold
-of the teakle.
-
-She was then taken down and suspended in the same manner by the other
-arm. She was next lifted up by one leg; and afterwards by the other:
-until at last she was taken up for the fifth time by both hands, and
-underwent the fifth excruciating suspension. The whole time from the
-first to the last suspension, this witness said might have been half an
-hour. While she continued hung up by both hands, the prisoner lashed
-her inhumanly with his whip: and when she was let down, he forced her
-to walk without any assistance down the hatchway: this she was unable
-to do, having got but two or three steps, when she slipt all the rest
-of the way.
-
-When this witness next saw her she was welted in several parts of the
-body, her hands were swelled in consequence of the hanging, and her
-legs disfigured in a shocking manner: after this the witness saw her
-in convulsions, had her brought on deck, and rubbed her with volatile
-spirits; but every remedy was ineffectual: she languished away in this
-miserable state for three days, and on the third expired.
-
-All this happened in the middle passage about 200 leagues from Granada,
-whither the RECOVERY with her cargo was bound. And the witness was
-positive that the death of the slave was occasioned by the ill
-treatment she had received.
-
-The witness was cross-examined by Mr. Pigott leading council for the
-prisoner.
-
-Q. Has it been your undeviating opinion that the girl died in
-consequence of the punishment said to have been inflicted on her?
-
-A. It has.
-
-Q. Was her death the subject of no conversation at that time among the
-ship’s crew?
-
-A. It was between me and Mr. Devereux; and I heard the two boys
-Pearson and Cruise speak of it.
-
-Q. How many men did the whole crew consist of?
-
-A. About six and twenty.
-
-Q. At what time of the day did the fact happen which you have related?
-
-A. Some time in the forenoon.
-
-Q. You heard no conversation about it, except that between the two boys?
-
-A. No.
-
-Q. Are these boys now absent?
-
-A. I heard so, but cannot say.
-
-Q. How many of the mariners do you think are now in this country?
-
-A. I do not know. I mean to relate every fact which may go, as well to
-subvert my own evidence, as make against the prisoner.
-
-Q. What time did you arrive at Granada?
-
-A. On the 28th of October.
-
-Q. Did you disclose the death of this girl to any person at Granada?
-
-A. No.
-
-Q. How long were you there?
-
-A. About a month.
-
-Q. Did you go to the Custom-house while you were there?
-
-A. I did.
-
-Q. Did you keep a journal while you were on the middle passage?
-
-A. Yes: of whites, but not of blacks.
-
-Q. Did you deliver in your journal?
-
-A. Yes.
-
-Q. And swore to it?
-
-A. The form of an oath was read to me, by a person sitting at a desk:
-I took the book, and returned it without swearing.
-
-Q. Did you sign the journal as sworn to it?
-
-A. Yes I did.
-
-Here Mr. Pigott read his oath, which declared that his journal was a
-just and true one; and the attested copy being handed to the witness,
-he declared, he did not recollect whether he had signed it or not.
-
-Q. Is not that your name to the oath—and is it false or true?
-
-A. I do not recollect that I signed it.
-
-Q. Is your bond discharged?
-
-A. Yes, I produced this copy at Bristol, to have it discharged.
-
-Q. Why did not the cause of the death of the negro girl appear in your
-journal?
-
-A. The apprehensions I had for my own safety, while I sailed with the
-prisoner, prevented me from relating it.
-
-Q. Is it from disclosing a barbarous murder?
-
-A. Yes; because the prisoner and I had often quarrelled, and I might
-have been judged an improper evidence against him.
-
-Q. At what place did you quarrel?
-
-A. At the river of Calabar.
-
-Q. Did you not mutiny?
-
-A. Never.
-
-Q. Did you not strike the prisoner?
-
-A. I did, after he had abused and struck me on board his ship.
-
-Q. You collared and held him?
-
-A. Yes, at the cabin door; when the first and second mate came and
-seized me, and by the prisoner’s orders, I was put into irons, where
-I continued twenty-four hours; and I was afterwards excluded from the
-cabin, and obliged to mess with the common men.
-
-Q. Did you not tell a Mr. Jacks that you would be revenged on Captain
-Kimber?
-
-A. No, I never said so.
-
-Q. Did you not say you would work his ruin?
-
-A. Never, there is not such baseness in my nature. I never made a
-declaration of the kind to any person: but I said I would advertise
-him for his treatment of me. After my arrival in Bristol about
-Christmas last, I applied to Mr. Jacks, who was part owner of the
-RECOVERY, for my wages: he only paid me a part of them: I then
-complained to him of Captain Kimber’s treatment, but did not disclose
-the murder.
-
-Q. Did you not tell a Mr. Riddle that you would ruin Captain Kimber?
-
-A. No: but I said I would commence a suit against him for his severe
-treatment of me, and that I would put myself under the protection of
-the first king’s ship I met with. This conversation took place before
-we sailed from Calabar.
-
-Q. Did you never say any thing to the prisoner’s servant?
-
-A. No.
-
-Q. Did you ever administer any mercury to the girl who died?
-
-A. No: it was improper for her complaint.
-
-Q. Can you pretend to say that the suspension of this girl, was
-intended as a punishment?
-
-A. I shall not say that; but it was obvious that it was a punishment.
-
-Q. Might not the Captain have had reason to conclude that this
-suspension was necessary?
-
-A. He might have had a motive, but I did not know it: he never
-consulted any person in what he used to do; and he has often
-interrupted me in the discharge of my duty.
-
-Q. In what part of the ship did the suspension take place?
-
-A. On the awning deck.
-
-Q. And when it happened in so open and conspicuous a situation, as that
-it was impossible it must not have been seen by the ship’s company;
-why was it not a more general subject of conversation?
-
-A. I suppose it was, but I had not an opportunity of hearing it, except
-between Pearson and Cruise.
-
-Q. What was the cause of your having at length disclosed this murder
-with which you now charge the prisoner?
-
-A. I was solicited by Mr. Lloyd, a Banker at Birmingham, to give an
-account of the firing on the Town of Calabar; and from that relation,
-this account followed as a casual circumstance. I told it to Mr.
-Wilberforce the day before he made his speech in the House of Commons:
-but I never intended to prosecute or appear in evidence against Captain
-Kimber.
-
-Q. So then this murder remained a secret until the day before Mr.
-Wilberforce made his Speech in the House of Commons?
-
-A. No: I told it to persons in private.
-
-Q. How often had you sailed as a surgeon before this time?
-
-A. That was my first voyage, and it shall be my last.
-
-The witness was re-examined by Mr. Attorney General, in order to
-account for some of those circumstances which came out on his cross
-examination, and might go to invalidate his testimony.
-
-He said that he and the two boys were on the awning deck when the girl
-was suspended; that between this deck and the other part of the ship
-there was a barricade about nine feet high, which prevented those
-persons in the fore-part from seeing what was done abaft. By this
-means many of the ship’s crew, who were on deck, might have remained
-without seeing or knowing what was done to the girl. And this might
-have been the cause why the circumstance had not been generally spoken
-of on board. When I gave in my journal, said the witness, at Grenada, I
-wished to omit every mention of the Negro Girl, from the apprehensions
-I was under for my safety, not knowing what the prisoner might have
-done; I therefore wished to evade the oath which is made on those
-occasions, and accordingly when the officer tendered it to me I took
-the book from him, and returned it without kissing it: he was sitting
-at a desk and did not see me.
-
-The witness requested that the Court would examine the log book, where
-they should see that this death, which he omitted in his journal, did
-really happen. And the prisoner he said had told him that a journal was
-a mere matter of form.
-
-He said also that when Mr. Lloyd and Mr. Wilberforce had examined him
-relative to the firing upon the Town of Calabar, the latter gentleman
-questioned him as to the treatment of the slaves on board the ships,
-and it was upon that occasion he told him the circumstance of the
-murder for which the prisoner was now indicted; without having had
-the remotest intention of prosecuting him. And he moreover observed
-that outrages of that nature were so common on board the slave ships,
-that they were looked upon with as much indifference as any trifling
-occurrence; their frequency had rendered them familiar.
-
-Stephen Devereux, the next witness on the side of the prosecution, was
-examined by Mr. Solicitor General.
-
-He deposed, that he had sailed to the coast of Guinea in the _Wasp_,
-from whence after he arrived there, he changed as third mate into the
-RECOVERY, which sailed from Africa on the first of September;
-he remembered the deceased Negro Girl very well: after he had been ten
-days on board, he saw Captain Kimber endeavouring to straiten her knees
-which were bent and contracted, and afterwards flogging her with a
-whip. While I was standing said the witness, on the starboard side of
-the quarter deck, I saw the girl running up by the gun takle, which was
-fastened by a block to the mizen stay: she was suspended by one of her
-arms, and continued raised above the deck for four or five minutes;
-she was let down, and lifted up again by the other arm, and Pearson
-the boy who held the takle jerked the fall: In this situation the boys
-were endeavouring to make her legs strait. She was taken up the third
-time by one leg, and the fourth time by the other; after which she was
-suffered to remain on the deck for some time. In this situation with
-her head drooping between her knees, Captain Kimber, who was present
-during the whole of her torture, lifted her up, gave her a slap on the
-face, and said _the bitch is sulky_: and then again endeavoured to
-straiten the contraction in the knees, with the intention of inflicting
-punishment on her. The fifth and last time she was lifted up by both
-hands, but her feet touched the deck; and in this posture the prisoner
-flogged her severely. When she was about going down the hatchway he
-would not suffer any body to assist her, but said _the bitch is sulky
-she must find her own way_. After she had got down two or three steps
-with great struggling and difficulty, she slipt along the rest of the
-ladder. All this happened in the morning.
-
-I saw her the next day, and helped her up on deck: she was in a very
-filthy and shocking condition, quite weak and feeble, her body was
-covered with whales and bruises; she was not put down along with the
-other women; but was suffered to languish until she died, on the third
-day after the suspension.
-
-Q. What other persons belonging to the ship’s company were in sight of
-this business, besides the Captain, the Surgeon, and yourself?
-
-A. The man at the wheel, and one or two more.
-
-He was cross-examined by Mr. Sylvester.
-
-Q. Was you not dancing with the women, at the time this business was
-going forward?
-
-A. I was looking at the women dancing; but when the girl was suffering
-the punishment, they attended more to it, than to any thing else.
-
-Q. Were there any, and what other persons with you at the time?
-
-A. I don’t know.
-
-Q. Could you attempt to say, that it was by way of punishment that the
-prisoner endeavoured to straiten the girl’s knees?
-
-A. I know of no other motive he could have.
-
-Q. Why did you not mention this business at Grenada, on your arrival
-there?
-
-A. I did not wish to concern myself about it, particularly as Captain
-Kimber had behaved to me as a friend. Besides, every seaman on board
-must have heard of, or known it: and the Surgeon and I have often
-talked of it since.
-
-Q. Did you ever give any information of this affair, till you were sent
-for to London?
-
-A. No.
-
-Q. And when you appeared before the Magistrate in London, did you not
-say that you were ignorant of the cause of the girl’s death?
-
-A. I did, for the reason I already mentioned, being delicate of doing
-any thing that might endanger the prisoner’s life. But I am now
-certain, that if she had not been punished in the manner she was, she
-would have lived, and been fit for market.
-
-[Here Mr. Sylvester read the deposition of this witness, which was
-taken before Sir Sampson Wright, at Bow-street, about two months ago,
-when the prisoner at the Bar was brought before him, charged with the
-murder for which he was now tried: in this deposition the present
-witness Devereux had stated, that he did not believe the girl died in
-consequence of the punishment inflicted on her: a contrary testimony to
-which he now gave to the Court.]
-
-Q. Did you venture to take any of your ship’s crew along with you, to
-give evidence of this business you now swear to?
-
-A. No, they were all taken up at Bristol, and sent away.
-
-Q. Are there not some of them now in London?
-
-A. I do not know.
-
-Q. Were you not dismissed your ship as first mate for mutiny, while on
-the Coast of Africa?
-
-A. No: I did not mutiny.
-
-Q. Were you not charged with having mutinied, and tried before six
-Captains?
-
-A. The charge against me was, giving the lie to the Captain.
-
-(Here Mr. Sylvester read the charges against him wherein he was stated
-to be a pernicious, dangerous, and troublesome fellow, and accordingly
-was turned away from the Ship: but there was no specific offence
-mentioned.)
-
-On his re-examination by Mr. Solicitor General, he said that he had
-mentioned the Murder of the slave to several persons, before he came
-to give evidence of the firing upon the town of Calabar: and to a
-Gentleman at Bristol, after Kimber had been brought up to town. He did
-not know where the rest of the Crew had been.
-
-Captain Kimber he said was one of those who formed the Court, that
-tried him on the Coast of Africa; and that he afterwards took him into
-his ship and treated him in a friendly manner.
-
-These two were the only witnesses who appeared on the side of the
-prosecution.
-
-Mr. Walter Jacks was first called on behalf of the prisoner, and
-examined by Mr. Pigott.
-
-He said he was a merchant in Bristol, and had a share in the
-RECOVERY, which the prisoner commanded. He knew the prisoner
-six years, for three or four of which he had been in his Service: and
-he was always satisfied with his conduct: for he was good to the ship’s
-company. Mr. Dowling, who had been Surgeon to the ship attended this
-witness at Bristol to demand the balance of his wages, which had been
-due to him.
-
-At that time he complained that Captain Kimber had engaged to allow
-him two privileged Slaves, and that afterwards he would give him but
-one. The witness told him it was impossible he could have double
-privilege, as one Slave was all that was ever given to the surgeon of
-that ship: but in paying him his wages, he gave him sterling money
-instead of currency; as a small compensation for the hardships he said
-he sustained.
-
-On the tenth of last January, after Dowling had received his wages,
-and thanked the witness; he told him that Captain Kimber was a rascal
-and a cheat, and that he would ruin him if it was in his power. And
-immediately after the prisoner had been taken into custody, these words
-occurred to the witness.
-
-Thomas Lawer lived at Birmingham, he had frequent conversations with
-Dowling about the slave trade, who said, he had frequent quarrels with
-Captain Kimber, in one of which he struck him, and was afterwards put
-in irons, turned out of the cabin, and obliged to eat salt provisions
-with the fore-mast men.
-
-The Captain allowed him but one privileged slave, and had behaved very
-ill towards him, for which he was determined to be revenged. These
-words he often used.
-
-Benjamin Riddle was examined by Mr. Morgan.
-
-He said he had been Surgeon on board the _Thomas_, which was on the
-coast of Africa, at the same time with the RECOVERY. There he
-heard Dowling say, that he had been maltreated by Captain Kimber, and
-that he would ruin him if possible: that he had a memorandum in his
-possession, which he could produce against him, when he came home. The
-witness asked to see the paper, but Dowling would not shew it. This was
-a sober deliberate conversation, and Dowling thought he was speaking to
-a friend.
-
-After this, the witness heard Captain Kimber say, that Dowling’s
-conduct was so bad, he could not keep him: he used to bleed, when
-it was evidently dangerous, and commit other improprieties in his
-professional line.
-
-The witness also knew Devereux to have been dismissed from the _Wasp_
-for mutiny.
-
-Mr. Dowling was again called, and asked whether it was true, that
-he had told Mr. Jacks, Lawer, and Riddle, that he would be revenged
-of, and ruin Captain Kimber if he could. He persisted in his former
-assertion, and declared that he had never said any such thing. He told
-the Court, that if they would indulge him with a hearing, he should
-clear every matter to their satisfaction; but having proceeded in a
-desultory manner, he was prevented from speaking.
-
-Captain Thomas Philips was examined by Mr. Knowles.
-
-He deposed, that he was on the Coast of Africa when the prisoner was
-there. Devereux had been turned out of the _Wasp_ for mutiny, and had
-acknowledged the charges against him to be true: and the witness knew
-him to be a bad man.
-
-There were, he said, on board Captain Kimber’s ship, great quantities
-of oranges, which Dowling used to give to the slaves. The witness
-told him often, that fruits were bad for them; that they would cause
-the flux, which disease, it appeared, the deceased girl was afflicted
-with: and he knew, for twenty years he had been in that climate, such
-diseases carry off persons in the space of two days.
-
-The witness knew the prisoner since he was at school, and he never
-heard any thing injurious to his character, until the present charge
-was preferred against him. He was always humane and good natured.
-
-Thomas Lancaster was a mate belonging to the _Wasp_. He said, that
-Devereux had admitted the charges made against him: and all the ship’s
-company looked on him as a dangerous fellow. After he had been turned
-out of the ship, he remained on shore for two months; and if Captain
-Kimber had not taken him under his protection, it would be impossible
-to tell what should become of him.
-
-Devereux was again called, and questioned, as to the truth of what had
-been said against him: and he declared it was as false as that _one_
-was _two_.
-
-He was proceeding to make a defence, when the Jury said they were all
-satisfied from what had appeared to them; that there was no credit
-to be given to the two witnesses on the side of the prosecution, and
-therefore found the prisoner
-
- NOT GUILTY.
-
-It still remains for us to make a few observations on the above
-extraordinary trial. Nothing that may now be said can in any manner
-affect Captain Kimber; as he has been acquitted, and cannot be tried a
-second time for the same offence.
-
-We shall not declare what impressions we lie under as to the guilt or
-innocence of Capt. Kimber; but lay before the public a few points, from
-which they may draw such conclusions as their feelings and reason
-shall dictate.
-
-And first we shall ask, why was there not such a defence set up by
-Captain Kimber, as could, in the minds of the people, have acquitted
-him of the horrid act which was sworn against him? Did he bring forward
-a single witness to contradict the charges of his accusers? What became
-of all the seamen and servants on board his ship, who were in England
-at the time he was apprehended, and who might have been brought into
-Court to declare at once that the prisoner did not commit murder;
-without having recourse to the miserable shift of proving perjury
-against Mr. Dowling and Devereux, in points that had nothing to do
-with the prosecution? Were none of the RECOVERY’S crew to be
-found, or was Captain Kimber afraid that they would have all conspired
-against his life?
-
-One of the witnesses on the side of the prosecution said, that all the
-crew were taken up at Bristol, and sent out of the way. The event has
-given us no reason to doubt the truth of this assertion.
-
-As to Mr. Dowling’s not having disclosed the murder when he came on
-shore, nor keeping a complete journal, these are circumstances which
-those persons who know any thing of ships in general or the African
-slave trade, will pay no attention to. Journals, which are considered
-mere matters of form, are generally imperfect, and the barbarous
-treatment of slaves on board the ships is so frequent, as to be looked
-upon with indifference. Perhaps Mr. Dowling, perhaps the whole crew
-might have conceived that the killing of a slave on board a ship was an
-offence not punishable by law.
-
-As there was no other evidence to support the second indictment, than
-what supported the first, the Jury also acquitted the prisoner on it.
-
-The trial lasted near five hours. His Royal Highness the Duke of
-Clarence was present the whole time, and appeared from his looks and
-gestures, to be particularly interested, in favour of the man who was
-accused of having murdered a slave.
-
-
-_FINIS._
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Trial of Captain John Kimber, for
-the Murder of Two Female Negro Slaves, by Student of the Temple
-
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-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Trial of Captain John Kimber, for the
-Murder of Two Female Negro Slaves, on Boa, by Student of the Temple
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: The Trial of Captain John Kimber, for the Murder of Two Female Negro Slaves, on Board the Recovery, African Slave Ship:
- Tried at the Admiralty Sessions, Held at the Old Baily,
- the 7th of June, 1792
-
-Author: Student of the Temple
-
-Release Date: October 21, 2019 [EBook #60538]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TRIAL OF CAPTAIN JOHN KIMBER ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by hekula03, Brian Wilcox and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
-by The Internet Archive)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-
-<div class="transnote covernote">
- <p>The cover image was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p id="half-title"><span class="smaller">THE</span>
-<br />
-<span class="largest">TRIAL</span>
-<br />
-<span class="smaller">OF</span>
-<br />
-CAPTAIN JOHN KIMBER,<br />
-For Murder, &amp;c.</p>
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p class="center">[<span class="smcap">Price One Shilling.</span>]</p></div>
-
-
-<div class="chapter">
-
-<h1><span class="smaller">THE</span>
-<br />
-<span class="largest">TRIAL</span>
-<br />
-<span class="smaller">OF</span>
-<br />
-<span class="large">CAPTAIN JOHN KIMBER,</span>
-<br />
-<span class="smaller">FOR</span>
-<br />
-THE MURDER
-<br />
-<span class="smaller">OF</span>
-<br />
-TWO FEMALE NEGRO SLAVES,
-<br />
-<span class="smallest">ON BOARD THE</span>
-<br />
-<span class="large"><i>Recovery, African Slave Ship</i>.</span></h1>
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p class="center noindent">
-Tried at the <span class="smcap">Admiralty Sessions</span>, held at the <span class="smcap">Old Baily</span><br />
-the 7th of <span class="smcap">June</span>, 1792.
-<br />
-Before Sir JAMES MARRIOT, &amp;c.</p>
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p class="center noindent">TAKEN IN SHORT HAND</p>
-
-<h2 class="nobreak">By a STUDENT of the TEMPLE.</h2>
-
-<p class="center noindent">To which are added,<br />
-<br />
-OBSERVATIONS on the above TRIAL.</p>
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p class="center noindent">
-<i>LONDON</i>:<br />
-<br />
-Printed and Sold by <span class="smcap">C. Stalker</span>, No. 4, Stationers-Court,<br />
-Ludgate-Street.</p></div>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<div class="chapter">
-<h2 id="CONTENTS">CONTENTS.</h2></div>
-
-<hr class="tb" />
-
-<div class="center">
-<table class="my100" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" summary="toc">
-<tr>
-<th>&nbsp;</th>
-<th class="tdr normal">Page</th>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tdl">INTRODUCTION</td>
-<td class="tdr"><a href="#INTRODUCTION">v</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tdl">THE TRIAL</td>
-<td class="tdr"><a href="#THE_TRIAL">1</a></td>
-</tr></table></div>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<div class="chapter">
-
-<h2 id="INTRODUCTION">INTRODUCTION.</h2></div>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="largest">O</span>N a business which has so long agitated the public mind as the
-Slave Trade, every thing that can be said, must in some manner be
-interesting. The atrocity of that unnatural and abominable custom could
-not in any instance have been more abundantly manifested, than in the
-late decision of a large majority in the House of Commons.</p>
-
-<p>Perhaps the procrastination of the same important question, in a
-superior House, may be productive of greater good than the people of
-England are aware of. Perhaps it may upon the next discussion lead to
-an immediate and total abolition of a cruel and inhuman<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_vi">vi</a></span> traffic. It
-cannot but be lamented that a personage of the first rank, who could
-have no other motive except that of love for uncontroulable tyranny,
-should become so strenuous an advocate for slavery. He has more than
-once expressed his sentiments in public, and on the present occasion
-seemed to have comported himself with an extraordinary degree of zeal,
-which whether it became the dignity of a P——— in such a cause, we
-shall not take on us to determine, but leave it to the world to judge
-of the propriety of such conduct.</p>
-
-<p>Whatever the public opinion may be relative to the prosecution carried
-on against Captain Kimber, who has been (we suppose fairly) acquitted
-by an English Jury, it was evidently a necessary and a useful measure.
-It may afford a salutary lesson to those captains<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_vii">vii</a></span> of slave ships,
-and masters of slaves who should hereafter attempt to commit such
-horrid outrages as he has been charged with: and it may, from the
-circumstances here related, (for such barbarities have doubtless been
-often practised) fill the minds of men universally with horror against
-the present system: until tyranny shall at length give way to public
-opinion, and liberty and happiness be restored to human beings.</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<div class="chapter">
-<h2 id="THE_TRIAL">THE<br />
-<br />
-<span class="largest">TRIAL</span><br />
-<br />
-OF<br />
-<br />
-CAPTAIN JOHN KIMBER,<br />
-<br />
-For Murder, &amp;c.</h2></div>
-
-<p class="dropcap2">THIS trial came on at the Admiralty Sessions held at the Old Baily, on
-Thursday the 7th of June 1792; before Sir James Marriot, Judge Advocate
-of the Admiralty, Mr. Justice Ashurst, and Mr. Baron Hotham.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_2">2</a></span></p>
-
-<p>The prisoner was indicted for having feloniously, wickedly, and with
-malice aforethought, beaten and tortured a female slave, so as to cause
-her death: and he was again indicted for having caused the death of
-another female slave.</p>
-
-<p>Mr. Broderic on the side of the prosecution, first opened the cause.</p>
-
-<p>Sir William Scott next stated, that the prisoner, Captain Kimber, had
-commanded the ship <span class="smcap">Recovery</span>, which traded in slaves from the
-Coast of Africa, to the West Indies: that in 1791, he arrived in the
-river of Calabar, whence he had, in some time after, departed with
-a cargo of slaves, among whom was that negro girl, for whose murder
-the prisoner now stood indicted. She had been for a considerable time
-afflicted with a loathsome<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_3">3</a></span> distemper, and a lethargic complaint, which
-prevented her from eating, or mixing in any of those exercises which
-the other slaves on board were accustomed to practice. The prisoner
-had her punished for this supposed obstinacy; flogged her, and had her
-raised up by pullies from the deck, so that the tortures she endured,
-caused her to languish for a few days, until she died.</p>
-
-<p>I shall not, said the learned Council, enter into a detail of
-circumstances, for that must appear by the evidence which is to be laid
-before you Gentlemen of the Jury. Nor is it necessary that I should
-make any observations on the heinousness of this offence, as that is
-the province of the Court. And no doubt, your verdict will be given
-with that discretion and impartiality, which has always been shewn on
-similar occasions.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_4">4</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Mr. Thomas Dowling was first called, and examined by Mr. Attorney
-General; he had been a surgeon on board the <span class="smcap">Recovery</span>, the ship
-which the prisoner commanded: in the beginning of June, he had arrived
-in the river of Calabar, on the coast of Africa, where in the end of
-August they had compleated their cargo of slaves. About the time of
-sailing, he had under his care, a female slave, aged about fourteen
-or fifteen years, who had been afflicted with a virulent gonorrhea,
-and lethargy, or drowsy complaint, of which latter ailment he could
-never learn the real cause. She was not then in a convalescent state:
-but her diseases were stationary, and bore every probable appearance
-of recovery. In this situation she could not eat, as the other slaves
-did, nor join in any of their amusements, at which the Captain was so
-irritated, that he used to flog her himself,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_5">5</a></span> with a whip, the handle
-of which, was one foot long, and the lash two. About three weeks after
-they had sailed, he beat her in this manner with uncommon severity;
-and on the 22d of December, perceiving her not to dance with the other
-negro women, he ordered a boy to bring a teakle, one end of which was
-fastened to the <i>mizen stay</i> and the other to one of her hands, and by
-this she was lifted up from the deck, and remained suspended for about
-five minutes: and during that time, she was bounsed up and down, or in
-other words, lifted up, and let fall again, by the way, who had a hold
-of the teakle.</p>
-
-<p>She was then taken down and suspended in the same manner by the other
-arm. She was next lifted up by one leg; and afterwards by the other:
-until at last she was taken up for<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_6">6</a></span> the fifth time by both hands, and
-underwent the fifth excruciating suspension. The whole time from the
-first to the last suspension, this witness said might have been half an
-hour. While she continued hung up by both hands, the prisoner lashed
-her inhumanly with his whip: and when she was let down, he forced her
-to walk without any assistance down the hatchway: this she was unable
-to do, having got but two or three steps, when she slipt all the rest
-of the way.</p>
-
-<p>When this witness next saw her she was welted in several parts of the
-body, her hands were swelled in consequence of the hanging, and her
-legs disfigured in a shocking manner: after this the witness saw her
-in convulsions, had her brought on deck, and rubbed her with volatile
-spirits; but every remedy was ineffectual: she languished away in this
-miserable<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_7">7</a></span> state for three days, and on the third expired.</p>
-
-<p>All this happened in the middle passage about 200 leagues from Granada,
-whither the <span class="smcap">Recovery</span> with her cargo was bound. And the witness
-was positive that the death of the slave was occasioned by the ill
-treatment she had received.</p>
-
-<p>The witness was cross-examined by Mr. Pigott leading council for the
-prisoner.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Has it been your undeviating opinion that the girl died in
-consequence of the punishment said to have been inflicted on her?</p>
-
-<p>A. It has.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Was her death the subject of no conversation at that time among the
-ship’s crew?</p>
-
-<p>A. It was between me and Mr. Devereux;<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_8">8</a></span> and I heard the two boys
-Pearson and Cruise speak of it.</p>
-
-<p>Q. How many men did the whole crew consist of?</p>
-
-<p>A. About six and twenty.</p>
-
-<p>Q. At what time of the day did the fact happen which you have related?</p>
-
-<p>A. Some time in the forenoon.</p>
-
-<p>Q. You heard no conversation about it, except that between the two boys?</p>
-
-<p>A. No.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Are these boys now absent?</p>
-
-<p>A. I heard so, but cannot say.</p>
-
-<p>Q. How many of the mariners do you think are now in this country?</p>
-
-<p>A. I do not know. I mean to relate every fact which may go, as well to
-subvert my own evidence, as make against the prisoner.</p>
-
-<p>Q. What time did you arrive at Granada?</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_9">9</a></span></p>
-
-<p>A. On the 28th of October.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you disclose the death of this girl to any person at Granada?</p>
-
-<p>A. No.</p>
-
-<p>Q. How long were you there?</p>
-
-<p>A. About a month.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you go to the Custom-house while you were there?</p>
-
-<p>A. I did.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you keep a journal while you were on the middle passage?</p>
-
-<p>A. Yes: of whites, but not of blacks.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you deliver in your journal?</p>
-
-<p>A. Yes.</p>
-
-<p>Q. And swore to it?</p>
-
-<p>A. The form of an oath was read to me,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_10">10</a></span> by a person sitting at a desk:
-I took the book, and returned it without swearing.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you sign the journal as sworn to it?</p>
-
-<p>A. Yes I did.</p>
-
-<p>Here Mr. Pigott read his oath, which declared that his journal was a
-just and true one; and the attested copy being handed to the witness,
-he declared, he did not recollect whether he had signed it or not.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Is not that your name to the oath—and is it false or true?</p>
-
-<p>A. I do not recollect that I signed it.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Is your bond discharged?</p>
-
-<p>A. Yes, I produced this copy at Bristol, to have it discharged.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Why did not the cause of the death of the negro girl appear in your
-journal?</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_11">11</a></span></p>
-
-<p>A. The apprehensions I had for my own safety, while I sailed with the
-prisoner, prevented me from relating it.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Is it from disclosing a barbarous murder?</p>
-
-<p>A. Yes; because the prisoner and I had often quarrelled, and I might
-have been judged an improper evidence against him.</p>
-
-<p>Q. At what place did you quarrel?</p>
-
-<p>A. At the river of Calabar.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you not mutiny?</p>
-
-<p>A. Never.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you not strike the prisoner?</p>
-
-<p>A. I did, after he had abused and struck me on board his ship.</p>
-
-<p>Q. You collared and held him?</p>
-
-<p>A. Yes, at the cabin door; when the first<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_12">12</a></span> and second mate came and
-seized me, and by the prisoner’s orders, I was put into irons, where
-I continued twenty-four hours; and I was afterwards excluded from the
-cabin, and obliged to mess with the common men.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you not tell a Mr. Jacks that you would be revenged on Captain
-Kimber?</p>
-
-<p>A. No, I never said so.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you not say you would work his ruin?</p>
-
-<p>A. Never, there is not such baseness in my nature. I never made a
-declaration of the kind to any person: but I said I would advertise
-him for his treatment of me. After my arrival in Bristol about
-Christmas last, I applied to Mr. Jacks, who was part owner of the
-<span class="smcap">Recovery</span>, for my wages: he only paid me a part of them: I then
-complained<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_13">13</a></span> to him of Captain Kimber’s treatment, but did not disclose
-the murder.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you not tell a Mr. Riddle that you would ruin Captain Kimber?</p>
-
-<p>A. No: but I said I would commence a suit against him for his severe
-treatment of me, and that I would put myself under the protection of
-the first king’s ship I met with. This conversation took place before
-we sailed from Calabar.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you never say any thing to the prisoner’s servant?</p>
-
-<p>A. No.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you ever administer any mercury to the girl who died?</p>
-
-<p>A. No: it was improper for her complaint.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_14">14</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Q. Can you pretend to say that the suspension of this girl, was
-intended as a punishment?</p>
-
-<p>A. I shall not say that; but it was obvious that it was a punishment.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Might not the Captain have had reason to conclude that this
-suspension was necessary?</p>
-
-<p>A. He might have had a motive, but I did not know it: he never
-consulted any person in what he used to do; and he has often
-interrupted me in the discharge of my duty.</p>
-
-<p>Q. In what part of the ship did the suspension take place?</p>
-
-<p>A. On the awning deck.</p>
-
-<p>Q. And when it happened in so open and conspicuous a situation, as that
-it was impossible it must not have been seen by the ship’s<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_15">15</a></span> company;
-why was it not a more general subject of conversation?</p>
-
-<p>A. I suppose it was, but I had not an opportunity of hearing it, except
-between Pearson and Cruise.</p>
-
-<p>Q. What was the cause of your having at length disclosed this murder
-with which you now charge the prisoner?</p>
-
-<p>A. I was solicited by Mr. Lloyd, a Banker at Birmingham, to give an
-account of the firing on the Town of Calabar; and from that relation,
-this account followed as a casual circumstance. I told it to Mr.
-Wilberforce the day before he made his speech in the House of Commons:
-but I never intended to prosecute or appear in evidence against Captain
-Kimber.</p>
-
-<p>Q. So then this murder remained a secret<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_16">16</a></span> until the day before Mr.
-Wilberforce made his Speech in the House of Commons?</p>
-
-<p>A. No: I told it to persons in private.</p>
-
-<p>Q. How often had you sailed as a surgeon before this time?</p>
-
-<p>A. That was my first voyage, and it shall be my last.</p>
-
-<p>The witness was re-examined by Mr. Attorney General, in order to
-account for some of those circumstances which came out on his cross
-examination, and might go to invalidate his testimony.</p>
-
-<p>He said that he and the two boys were on the awning deck when the girl
-was suspended; that between this deck and the other part of the ship
-there was a barricade about nine feet high, which prevented those
-persons in the fore-part from seeing what was done<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_17">17</a></span> abaft. By this
-means many of the ship’s crew, who were on deck, might have remained
-without seeing or knowing what was done to the girl. And this might
-have been the cause why the circumstance had not been generally spoken
-of on board. When I gave in my journal, said the witness, at Grenada, I
-wished to omit every mention of the Negro Girl, from the apprehensions
-I was under for my safety, not knowing what the prisoner might have
-done; I therefore wished to evade the oath which is made on those
-occasions, and accordingly when the officer tendered it to me I took
-the book from him, and returned it without kissing it: he was sitting
-at a desk and did not see me.</p>
-
-<p>The witness requested that the Court would examine the log book, where
-they should see that this death, which he omitted in his journal,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_18">18</a></span> did
-really happen. And the prisoner he said had told him that a journal was
-a mere matter of form.</p>
-
-<p>He said also that when Mr. Lloyd and Mr. Wilberforce had examined him
-relative to the firing upon the Town of Calabar, the latter gentleman
-questioned him as to the treatment of the slaves on board the ships,
-and it was upon that occasion he told him the circumstance of the
-murder for which the prisoner was now indicted; without having had
-the remotest intention of prosecuting him. And he moreover observed
-that outrages of that nature were so common on board the slave ships,
-that they were looked upon with as much indifference as any trifling
-occurrence; their frequency had rendered them familiar.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_19">19</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Stephen Devereux, the next witness on the side of the prosecution, was
-examined by Mr. Solicitor General.</p>
-
-<p>He deposed, that he had sailed to the coast of Guinea in the <i>Wasp</i>,
-from whence after he arrived there, he changed as third mate into the
-<span class="smcap">Recovery</span>, which sailed from Africa on the first of September;
-he remembered the deceased Negro Girl very well: after he had been ten
-days on board, he saw Captain Kimber endeavouring to straiten her knees
-which were bent and contracted, and afterwards flogging her with a
-whip. While I was standing said the witness, on the starboard side of
-the quarter deck, I saw the girl running up by the gun takle, which was
-fastened by a block to the mizen stay: she was suspended by one of her
-arms, and continued raised above the deck for four or five minutes;<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_20">20</a></span>
-she was let down, and lifted up again by the other arm, and Pearson
-the boy who held the takle jerked the fall: In this situation the boys
-were endeavouring to make her legs strait. She was taken up the third
-time by one leg, and the fourth time by the other; after which she was
-suffered to remain on the deck for some time. In this situation with
-her head drooping between her knees, Captain Kimber, who was present
-during the whole of her torture, lifted her up, gave her a slap on the
-face, and said <i>the bitch is sulky</i>: and then again endeavoured to
-straiten the contraction in the knees, with the intention of inflicting
-punishment on her. The fifth and last time she was lifted up by both
-hands, but her feet touched the deck; and in this posture the prisoner
-flogged her severely. When she was about going down the hatchway he
-would not suffer any body to assist her, but said <i>the bitch is sulky<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_21">21</a></span>
-she must find her own way</i>. After she had got down two or three steps
-with great struggling and difficulty, she slipt along the rest of the
-ladder. All this happened in the morning.</p>
-
-<p>I saw her the next day, and helped her up on deck: she was in a very
-filthy and shocking condition, quite weak and feeble, her body was
-covered with whales and bruises; she was not put down along with the
-other women; but was suffered to languish until she died, on the third
-day after the suspension.</p>
-
-<p>Q. What other persons belonging to the ship’s company were in sight of
-this business, besides the Captain, the Surgeon, and yourself?</p>
-
-<p>A. The man at the wheel, and one or two more.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_22">22</a></span></p>
-
-<p>He was cross-examined by Mr. Sylvester.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Was you not dancing with the women, at the time this business was
-going forward?</p>
-
-<p>A. I was looking at the women dancing; but when the girl was suffering
-the punishment, they attended more to it, than to any thing else.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Were there any, and what other persons with you at the time?</p>
-
-<p>A. I don’t know.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Could you attempt to say, that it was by way of punishment that the
-prisoner endeavoured to straiten the girl’s knees?</p>
-
-<p>A. I know of no other motive he could have.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Why did you not mention this business at Grenada, on your arrival
-there?</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_23">23</a></span></p>
-
-<p>A. I did not wish to concern myself about it, particularly as Captain
-Kimber had behaved to me as a friend. Besides, every seaman on board
-must have heard of, or known it: and the Surgeon and I have often
-talked of it since.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you ever give any information of this affair, till you were sent
-for to London?</p>
-
-<p>A. No.</p>
-
-<p>Q. And when you appeared before the Magistrate in London, did you not
-say that you were ignorant of the cause of the girl’s death?</p>
-
-<p>A. I did, for the reason I already mentioned, being delicate of doing
-any thing that might endanger the prisoner’s life. But I am now
-certain, that if she had not been punished in the manner she was, she
-would have lived, and been fit for market.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_24">24</a></span></p>
-
-<p>[Here Mr. Sylvester read the deposition of this witness, which was
-taken before Sir Sampson Wright, at Bow-street, about two months ago,
-when the prisoner at the Bar was brought before him, charged with the
-murder for which he was now tried: in this deposition the present
-witness Devereux had stated, that he did not believe the girl died in
-consequence of the punishment inflicted on her: a contrary testimony to
-which he now gave to the Court.]</p>
-
-<p>Q. Did you venture to take any of your ship’s crew along with you, to
-give evidence of this business you now swear to?</p>
-
-<p>A. No, they were all taken up at Bristol, and sent away.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Are there not some of them now in London?</p>
-
-<p>A. I do not know.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_25">25</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Q. Were you not dismissed your ship as first mate for mutiny, while on
-the Coast of Africa?</p>
-
-<p>A. No: I did not mutiny.</p>
-
-<p>Q. Were you not charged with having mutinied, and tried before six
-Captains?</p>
-
-<p>A. The charge against me was, giving the lie to the Captain.</p>
-
-<p>(Here Mr. Sylvester read the charges against him wherein he was stated
-to be a pernicious, dangerous, and troublesome fellow, and accordingly
-was turned away from the Ship: but there was no specific offence
-mentioned.)</p>
-
-<p>On his re-examination by Mr. Solicitor General, he said that he had
-mentioned the Murder of the slave to several persons, before he came
-to give evidence of the firing upon the town of Calabar: and to a
-Gentleman at<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_26">26</a></span> Bristol, after Kimber had been brought up to town. He did
-not know where the rest of the Crew had been.</p>
-
-<p>Captain Kimber he said was one of those who formed the Court, that
-tried him on the Coast of Africa; and that he afterwards took him into
-his ship and treated him in a friendly manner.</p>
-
-<p>These two were the only witnesses who appeared on the side of the
-prosecution.</p>
-
-<p>Mr. Walter Jacks was first called on behalf of the prisoner, and
-examined by Mr. Pigott.</p>
-
-<p>He said he was a merchant in Bristol, and had a share in the
-<span class="smcap">Recovery</span>, which the prisoner commanded. He knew the prisoner
-six years, for three or four of which he had<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_27">27</a></span> been in his Service: and
-he was always satisfied with his conduct: for he was good to the ship’s
-company. Mr. Dowling, who had been Surgeon to the ship attended this
-witness at Bristol to demand the balance of his wages, which had been
-due to him.</p>
-
-<p>At that time he complained that Captain Kimber had engaged to allow
-him two privileged Slaves, and that afterwards he would give him but
-one. The witness told him it was impossible he could have double
-privilege, as one Slave was all that was ever given to the surgeon of
-that ship: but in paying him his wages, he gave him sterling money
-instead of currency; as a small compensation for the hardships he said
-he sustained.</p>
-
-<p>On the tenth of last January, after Dowling had received his wages,
-and thanked the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_28">28</a></span> witness; he told him that Captain Kimber was a rascal
-and a cheat, and that he would ruin him if it was in his power. And
-immediately after the prisoner had been taken into custody, these words
-occurred to the witness.</p>
-
-<p>Thomas Lawer lived at Birmingham, he had frequent conversations with
-Dowling about the slave trade, who said, he had frequent quarrels with
-Captain Kimber, in one of which he struck him, and was afterwards put
-in irons, turned out of the cabin, and obliged to eat salt provisions
-with the fore-mast men.</p>
-
-<p>The Captain allowed him but one privileged slave, and had behaved very
-ill towards him, for which he was determined to be revenged. These
-words he often used.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_29">29</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Benjamin Riddle was examined by Mr. Morgan.</p>
-
-<p>He said he had been Surgeon on board the <i>Thomas</i>, which was on the
-coast of Africa, at the same time with the <span class="smcap">Recovery</span>. There he
-heard Dowling say, that he had been maltreated by Captain Kimber, and
-that he would ruin him if possible: that he had a memorandum in his
-possession, which he could produce against him, when he came home. The
-witness asked to see the paper, but Dowling would not shew it. This was
-a sober deliberate conversation, and Dowling thought he was speaking to
-a friend.</p>
-
-<p>After this, the witness heard Captain Kimber say, that Dowling’s
-conduct was so bad, he could not keep him: he used to bleed, when
-it was evidently dangerous, and commit<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_30">30</a></span> other improprieties in his
-professional line.</p>
-
-<p>The witness also knew Devereux to have been dismissed from the <i>Wasp</i>
-for mutiny.</p>
-
-<p>Mr. Dowling was again called, and asked whether it was true, that
-he had told Mr. Jacks, Lawer, and Riddle, that he would be revenged
-of, and ruin Captain Kimber if he could. He persisted in his former
-assertion, and declared that he had never said any such thing. He told
-the Court, that if they would indulge him with a hearing, he should
-clear every matter to their satisfaction; but having proceeded in a
-desultory manner, he was prevented from speaking.</p>
-
-<p>Captain Thomas Philips was examined by Mr. Knowles.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_31">31</a></span></p>
-
-<p>He deposed, that he was on the Coast of Africa when the prisoner was
-there. Devereux had been turned out of the <i>Wasp</i> for mutiny, and had
-acknowledged the charges against him to be true: and the witness knew
-him to be a bad man.</p>
-
-<p>There were, he said, on board Captain Kimber’s ship, great quantities
-of oranges, which Dowling used to give to the slaves. The witness
-told him often, that fruits were bad for them; that they would cause
-the flux, which disease, it appeared, the deceased girl was afflicted
-with: and he knew, for twenty years he had been in that climate, such
-diseases carry off persons in the space of two days.</p>
-
-<p>The witness knew the prisoner since he was at school, and he never
-heard any thing injurious<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_32">32</a></span> to his character, until the present charge
-was preferred against him. He was always humane and good natured.</p>
-
-<p>Thomas Lancaster was a mate belonging to the <i>Wasp</i>. He said, that
-Devereux had admitted the charges made against him: and all the ship’s
-company looked on him as a dangerous fellow. After he had been turned
-out of the ship, he remained on shore for two months; and if Captain
-Kimber had not taken him under his protection, it would be impossible
-to tell what should become of him.</p>
-
-<p>Devereux was again called, and questioned, as to the truth of what had
-been said against him: and he declared it was as false as that <i>one</i>
-was <i>two</i>.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_33">33</a></span></p>
-
-<p>He was proceeding to make a defence, when the Jury said they were all
-satisfied from what had appeared to them; that there was no credit
-to be given to the two witnesses on the side of the prosecution, and
-therefore found the prisoner</p>
-
-<div class="blockquote">
-
-<p class="center">NOT GUILTY.</p></div>
-
-<p>It still remains for us to make a few observations on the above
-extraordinary trial. Nothing that may now be said can in any manner
-affect Captain Kimber; as he has been acquitted, and cannot be tried a
-second time for the same offence.</p>
-
-<p>We shall not declare what impressions we lie under as to the guilt or
-innocence of Capt. Kimber; but lay before the public a few points, from
-which they may draw such conclusions<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_34">34</a></span> as their feelings and reason
-shall dictate.</p>
-
-<p>And first we shall ask, why was there not such a defence set up by
-Captain Kimber, as could, in the minds of the people, have acquitted
-him of the horrid act which was sworn against him? Did he bring forward
-a single witness to contradict the charges of his accusers? What became
-of all the seamen and servants on board his ship, who were in England
-at the time he was apprehended, and who might have been brought into
-Court to declare at once that the prisoner did not commit murder;
-without having recourse to the miserable shift of proving perjury
-against Mr. Dowling and Devereux, in points that had nothing to do
-with the prosecution? Were none of the <span class="smcap">Recovery’s</span> crew to be
-found, or was Captain Kimber afraid that<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_35">35</a></span> they would have all conspired
-against his life?</p>
-
-<p>One of the witnesses on the side of the prosecution said, that all the
-crew were taken up at Bristol, and sent out of the way. The event has
-given us no reason to doubt the truth of this assertion.</p>
-
-<p>As to Mr. Dowling’s not having disclosed the murder when he came on
-shore, nor keeping a complete journal, these are circumstances which
-those persons who know any thing of ships in general or the African
-slave trade, will pay no attention to. Journals, which are considered
-mere matters of form, are generally imperfect, and the barbarous
-treatment of slaves on board the ships is so frequent, as to be looked
-upon with indifference. Perhaps Mr. Dowling, perhaps<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_36">36</a></span> the whole crew
-might have conceived that the killing of a slave on board a ship was an
-offence not punishable by law.</p>
-
-<p>As there was no other evidence to support the second indictment, than
-what supported the first, the Jury also acquitted the prisoner on it.</p>
-
-<p>The trial lasted near five hours. His Royal Highness the Duke of
-Clarence was present the whole time, and appeared from his looks and
-gestures, to be particularly interested, in favour of the man who was
-accused of having murdered a slave.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><i>FINIS.</i></p>
-
-<h2><a id="Transcribers_Notes">Transcriber’s Notes:—</a></h2>
-
-<p>A table of contents has been added by the transcriber.</p>
-
-<p>Italic text is denoted _thus_.</p>
-
-<p>The spelling, hyphenation and punctuation are as the original, except
-for apparent typographical errors which have been corrected.</p>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
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