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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #62689 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/62689)
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-The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Boy Whaleman, by George Fox Tucker,
-Illustrated by George Avison
-
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-
-Title: The Boy Whaleman
-
-
-Author: George Fox Tucker
-
-
-
-Release Date: July 18, 2020 [eBook #62689]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-
-***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BOY WHALEMAN***
-
-
-E-text prepared by Roger Frank and the Online Distributed Proofreading
-Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made available by
-Internet Archive (https://archive.org)
-
-
-
-Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
- file which includes the original illustrations.
- See 62689-h.htm or 62689-h.zip:
- (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/62689/62689-h/62689-h.htm)
- or
- (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/62689/62689-h.zip)
-
-
- Images of the original pages are available through
- Internet Archive. See
- https://archive.org/details/boywhaleman00tuck
-
-
-
-
-
-THE BOY WHALEMAN
-
-
-[Illustration: In less than a minute the bow just touched the big
-fellow’s body.]
-
-
-The Beacon Hill Bookshelf
-
-THE BOY WHALEMAN
-
-by
-
-GEORGE F. TUCKER
-
-With Illustrations in Color by George Avison
-
-
-
-
-
-
-Boston
-Little, Brown, and Company
-1925
-
-Copyright, 1924,
-By George F. Tucker.
-
-All rights reserved.
-
-Published August, 1924.
-
-Printed in the United States of America
-
-
-
-
- CONTENTS
-
- I Preparing for the Voyage
- II At Sea
- III About Whales
- IV The First Chase
- V Capturing and Cutting-in
- VI Trying-out and Rounding the Horn
- VII Recruiting and Shore Leave
- VIII The Prize Whale and the Rescued Boat
- IX Honolulu and Off To the Arctic
- X Experiences in the Arctic
- XI Honolulu Again, and Sea Tales
- XII The Coast of Japan and the Carolines
- XIII Whose Whale was It?
- XIV Pitcairn Island
- XV The Visit to Pitcairn
- XVI Homeward Bound
- XVII Settling the Voyage
-
-
-
-
- ILLUSTRATIONS
-
- In less than a minute the bow just touched the big fellow’s body
-
- Jake partly lost his balance, and the captain seized him
-
- Out of the thicket sprang our shipmate
-
- I shouted “B-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s. There he breaches!”
-
- The sea became more boisterous, and the captain gave orders to
- throw the lead
-
-
-
-
- THE BOY WHALEMAN
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER I
-
- PREPARING FOR THE VOYAGE
-
-
-When I was a boy, New Bedford was not, as it is now, a great
-manufacturing city, but the best known and largest whaling port in
-the world. The wharves were then busy places; there vessels were
-“fitted”, as they used to say, and sent out on their long voyages;
-other vessels returned and discharged their cargoes. Great casks of
-oil were arranged in rows on the wharves; those that were sold were
-carted off on curious old trucks called gears, and those that were
-to await a better market were given a thick covering of seaweed.
-Everybody talked ships and oil. One would hear people say, “The
-_Janet_ is reported in the Indian Ocean, clean,” that is, had taken
-no oil; “The _Adeline_ is heard from in the Pacific, having made a
-‘good cut’,” that is, had taken a lot of oil; “There is news from
-the _Marcella_ from the other side of land, having done well.” “The
-other side of land” meant the other side of the world, as Australia
-and New Zealand, in the waters round which many whalers used to
-cruise.
-
-My father, when a young man, went whaling for a single voyage which
-lasted for more than three years. He was a sailor, or, to use the
-regular phrase, a foremast hand, and at the end of two years he
-became a boat-steerer or harpooner. When I was a little boy he used
-to take me on his knee and tell me stories about the life of the
-whalemen,—of chasing whales and harpooning them; of angry whales
-smashing boats and chewing them to bits; of towing whales to the
-ship and cutting them in and trying them out; of losing the ship and
-remaining all night in the open boats; of encountering great storms
-and riding them out in safety; of meeting after many months another
-New Bedford vessel, and getting the latest news from home, and of
-visiting in the Pacific Ocean islands inhabited by savages.
-
-At an early age I made up my mind to go to sea. On Saturday
-afternoons I used to roam about the wharves and sometimes ventured
-into the ships, only to be ordered out. But one day a man, called a
-shipkeeper, was very kind to me. The shipkeeper was the man who had
-charge of the wharf and the ships moored to it. He was a kind of
-general manager. They were taking out the cargo from a vessel.
-
-“Haven’t I seen you around here before?” he asked.
-
-“Oh, yes, many times. I’ve been down here on the wharves nearly
-every Saturday afternoon for several years.”
-
-“How old are you?”
-
-“Twelve.”
-
-“What is your name?”
-
-“Homer Bleechly.”
-
-“I suppose you would like to go to sea—wouldn’t you?”
-
-“Indeed, I would.”
-
-“As cabin boy?”
-
-“Yes.”
-
-Then he said thoughtfully, “Not yet, boy, not yet. It’s a hard life,
-so you’d better wait awhile.”
-
-“That was what my father said.”
-
-The shipkeeper continued, “You go home and get a basket and a pail,
-and I’ll take you up into the loft and give you something that will
-make you happy.”
-
-I did as he said, and on my return he took me to a building at the
-head of the wharf, in the front part of which was the merchant’s
-office, and in the story above, a great loft full of whaling gear
-and a great many other things which the vessels had brought home
-from far islands in the Pacific Ocean. There was a boat like a
-canoe, only larger and better shaped. It was different from anything
-I had ever seen, and was made by savages on distant shores. Then
-there were paddles beautifully made, with carvings done, the
-shipkeeper told me, with shark’s teeth and bits of sea shells. There
-were lots of war clubs and spears and strange-looking tools and
-utensils. I wanted to ship on a vessel at once and sail for the
-Pacific Ocean.
-
-“Here, boy,” said the shipkeeper, “give me your basket and pail.”
-
-He reached down into a great cask set on end and took out three
-large objects, each about the size of a football. “These are
-coconuts with the husks on. When you get home take a hatchet and cut
-off the husks and you’ll find the coconut.”
-
-Then he put a big dipper down into another cask and took up a lot of
-pickled limes and poured them into the pail. This he repeated
-several times. “There, boy,” he said, “now take them things home, if
-you can carry them. But don’t you tell any other boys that you got
-them things here, for, if you do, we’ll be pestered by all the boys
-in town.”
-
-When I reached home with my prizes and showed them to my mother, the
-good woman looked troubled. I had often told her that I wanted to go
-to sea and she had done all she could to discourage me. I now
-renewed my desire, and, when my father came home, she took the
-matter up with him, and they both told me how hard the sailor’s life
-was and how little money there was in it.
-
-“Yes, I know, father,” I said, “but haven’t you taken me on your
-knee and told me all about your own voyage and the strange places
-you went to?”
-
-“Yes, my dear son, but I didn’t tell you about the unpleasant things
-and the hardships a sailor has to put up with.”
-
-My home was a happy one, and I was the only child. No one ever had a
-better mother. My father was a good man and a model parent. He
-earned fair wages and provided well for his little family. Why
-should I be discontented? Because, like many a boy, I was
-unreasonable. Yet, was I wholly to blame? Life in a seaport town
-appeals to the fancy of a boy. Longfellow wrote,
-
- I remember the black wharves and the slips,
- And the sea-tides tossing free;
- And Spanish sailors with bearded lips
- And the beauty and mystery of the ships,
- And the magic of the sea,
- And the voice of that wayward song
- Is singing and saying still:
- “A boy’s will is the wind’s will,
- And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts.”
-
-I determined to hide on some vessel, and, when she was well out to
-sea, show myself and apply for the position of cabin boy. As I look
-back upon my foolish purpose, I deeply regret my ingratitude to my
-parents and the pain I caused them. In one sense it was a simple
-thing to run away, but quite another to succeed in it. Before
-sailing, a whaler would drop about three miles down the harbor and
-remain there at anchor for several days in charge of the shipkeeper.
-Then captain, officers and crew would go down in boats, weigh
-anchor, and off the ship would go on her long voyage.
-
-Soon a vessel owned by the merchant who employed my friend the
-shipkeeper was all ready for sea. In the late afternoon I made up a
-bundle of clothes and went down on the wharf and walked aboard the
-vessel in a free and easy way. No attention was paid to me, and
-fortunately the shipkeeper was at the farther end of the wharf. I
-went down into the cabin, and I recall how clean everything was with
-the coating of fresh paint. I crawled into a berth, feeling sure
-that at six o’clock the shipkeeper would lock the door without
-coming into the cabin. By this time I was getting a little afraid
-and almost wished that I was at home. At last I heard the town clock
-ring out the hour of six, and then came a footstep nearer and
-nearer, and lo! it was the shipkeeper. He was startled when he saw
-me, and for a moment appeared angry. Then he said:
-
-“I didn’t expect to see you here. Didn’t you know that I would have
-to lock up the cabin every night until the vessel sails, and that
-you would surely get caught?”
-
-“Yes, but I want to go as cabin boy, and I thought that they
-wouldn’t ship me in the office.”
-
-“Does your mother know you are here?”
-
-“No.”
-
-“Don’t you see how foolish this all is? Now get out and I’ll take
-you home.”
-
-I objected and he insisted. I was ashamed and did not want to go
-home—not that I feared punishment, but because I shrank from facing
-my parents. The shipkeeper took me along with him and left me with
-my mother. I am not going to dwell on what happened at home. I have
-only to say that I had a long talk with my parents that evening, and
-I promised that I would never attempt to run away again and that I
-never would ship for a voyage without their consent.
-
-But the sea continued to call me, and Saturdays I still visited the
-wharves. I read every volume I could get on the life of the sailor,
-and was particularly delighted with such books as Dana’s “Two Years
-before the Mast”, and Melville’s “Moby Dick.” With the aid of my
-friend, the shipkeeper, I collected all kinds of articles brought
-home on the ships until I had a veritable little museum.
-
-And here, let me say that my parents took the proper course. My
-mother was apparently troubled, but she conferred with my father,
-and it was agreed that when I was old enough I might go to sea.
-“When I was old enough” was not very definite. I felt that I was old
-enough then, but I knew that my parents thought otherwise. At
-thirteen I entered the High School and at fifteen I felt that I had
-sufficient education, at least for a sailor, and I implored my
-parents to let me go.
-
-“You aren’t old enough,” said my mother.
-
-“But yesterday, mother, you said that I was large and strong for my
-age—as large and strong as a man of eighteen.”
-
-My mother made no reply, but there were tears in her eyes.
-
-It was July and vacation. I was restless and impatient. Hitherto I
-had worked during vacations for a cooper, doing odd jobs, but now
-the cooper sent me home with the statement that I was of no use to
-him. Years afterward my mother told me that she and my father
-conferred and decided that it was the best course to let me ship,
-provided my age was not against me.
-
-In the fifties of the last century, whaling was at its height. In
-the warm weather ships were constantly coming and going. There was
-no lack of vessels, but would they ship a boy of fifteen who was as
-large and strong as a man of eighteen? Of course my father’s consent
-was necessary. I went to my old friend, the shipkeeper. One of his
-employer’s vessels named the _Seabird_ was to sail in a few weeks,
-and I was anxious to go in her.
-
-The shipkeeper said, “You are big for your years and as strong as a
-man, but a sailor’s life is a hard one. But, if your folks are
-willing you should go, I’ll see the old gentleman and find out what
-he says about your going in the _Seabird_. Sailors are shipped
-through the outfitters, sometimes called ‘sharks.’ The outfitters
-provide the men with their clothes and various articles, and the
-owners pay the outfitters and, at the end of the voyage, the owners
-take the amount out of the sailor’s shares. If the old gentleman is
-willing to take you, don’t have anything to do with an outfitter,
-but have your mother provide the outfit, and I’ll give her a list of
-the things you’ll have to take with you.”
-
-In a few days the shipkeeper said that his employer would see me
-with my father, and in the late afternoon we appeared at his office.
-The merchant was a Quaker, and he appeared at first a little stern.
-He declared that it was unusual for one so young to be taken on a
-whaler as a foremast hand, but my size seemed to justify an
-exception; that I could ship only with my father’s consent; that my
-parents must see to it that I had a good outfit; and that my share
-or lay would be 1/180. On whalers captain, officers and crew shipped
-on shares or lays, and my share or lay was to be one barrel of oil
-for every one hundred and eighty barrels stowed down, and one pound
-of whalebone for every one hundred and eighty pounds taken.
-
-And now my parents were busy fitting me out. The whaleman, who was
-to be away for several years, required clothing suited to about
-every climate, and an abundance of it. I was provided with needles,
-linen thread, spools of sewing cotton, a shaving outfit, several
-knives and forks with wooden handles, several combs, two pairs of
-scissors, lots of buttons, plenty of soap, a couple of tin plates
-and a large dipper, a sheath knife and belt, three thick blankets, a
-bedtick and pillow filled with feathers, a dozen shirts and
-undershirts, three suits for light weather and a heavy suit with a
-large overcoat for the Arctic, two pairs of thick mittens, four
-pairs of brogans, one light and one heavy cap, two so’westers, two
-large straw hats and two oilcloth suits. My father added a roll of
-cotton cloth which he said might come handy for trade with the
-natives. Did ever a whaleman have so good an outfit?
-
-The shipkeeper told me that he would give me some points before
-sailing, so, on the last Saturday afternoon, he pointed to the bow
-of the _Seabird_ and said:
-
-“You see that heavy oak on the bow, and the iron shoe on the fore
-foot? When you see them things you may be sure a ship’s bound to the
-Arctic, for you have to put her in good shape to battle with the
-ice. Now you stand off a few feet and look at the _Seabird_. She
-ain’t as sharp and slick as a merchantman, but she ain’t bad
-looking. Ain’t she nice and clean? She’s been well painted, the
-boats are hanging at the davits, the rigging’s been tarred and
-slushed, topmast spar and yard put in place and sails bent on. But,
-say, she’ll look different from this in a few years when she comes
-home with the paint scratched off, the sails black and patched and
-the old hull greasy from stem to stern. Now you come on board.”
-
-He showed me the spare spars lashed to the deck and told me of the
-extra cables stowed away. Then he took me to the hatchway, and told
-me to look down into the hold. I could see that it was packed with a
-lot of things. The shipkeeper said:
-
-“On a whaler you live together for a long time and you have to carry
-loads of things with you—stores, trade, slop chest, sails and duck,
-sundries, hardware, copper ware, crockery, provisions, casks,
-staves, lumber, wood, etc. Some of the casks are filled with water,
-and others are packed with provisions, clothing, and so forth. As
-the provisions are used up and the clothing and other articles are
-called for, the casks are ready for the oil. The greatest things on
-the ship are the whaleboats. There are no such boats anywhere in the
-world. You’ll find that’s so before you come back. Now I’ll show you
-the little house you are to live in for many long months.”
-
-He took me into the forecastle. I went down the little steep
-stairway into a gloomy space largely filled with bunks. I wasn’t so
-cheerful when I came up, and, as I walked home, I thought of the
-nice little room in which I had slept from infancy.
-
-I have said that this was Saturday. In the evening my schoolmates
-came in. I did not betray my feelings. One of them said, “You look
-as happy as if you had just returned from a voyage.” On the
-following day my parents and I attended service as usual, in the
-Bethel. This little church was founded especially for sailors and
-was located on what was named “Johnny Cake Hill.” It still stands,
-looking just as it did sixty years ago. On the walls of the interior
-are cenotaphs erected to those who lost their lives on the deep.
-These had never interested me, but this morning, surrounded by
-sailors and realizing that this was my last Sunday at home, I
-thought of the perils in store for me as I read the following:—
-
- In Memory of
- Capt. William Swain
- Associate Master
- of the Christopher Mitchell of Nantucket
-
- This Worthy Man after Fastening to a whale
- Was Carried Overboard by the Line and Drowned
- May 19th 1844
- In the 49th Yr. of his Age
- Be Ye Also Ready, for in Such an Hour as Ye
- Think Not the Son of Man Cometh
-
-The ship was at her anchorage in the lower harbor. In a few days
-came the hour of departure. Hitherto I had thought little about
-parting with my mother. Now the thought of it was distressing and
-the actual leave-taking heart-breaking.
-
-My parents had provided me with a sea chest which was better looking
-and more costly than that of the average sailor. My father
-accompanied me to the wharf, where we found a large gathering,
-composed of sailors and their friends, who had come to bid them
-good-by. My father showed much feeling in his parting words, and
-like most fathers, he enjoined obedience, faithful discharge of duty
-and exemplary habits. The realization of the life upon which I was
-about to enter came upon me with full force. My chest and I were
-taken aboard of a large catboat, and, as we slipped away, I saw my
-father standing on the wharf and was not conscious of the presence
-of any one else. An incident added to my discomfiture. Among all the
-chests mine was the most noticeable, and this fact elicited unkind
-remarks from some of my companions.
-
-“It’s a boy’s box,” said one.
-
-“Full of baby’s things,” observed another.
-
-“Call it a fancy chest,” remarked a third.
-
-“Call the young chap himself, ‘Fancy Chest,’” cried a fourth.
-
-“So we will,” they exclaimed.
-
-Then one of the men scraped his feet along the chest as if to remove
-the paint.
-
-Immediately a large, powerfully built man thundered, “Take your feet
-off that box, and all of you let the young fellow alone.”
-
-They obeyed, and my heart went out to my new friend. I didn’t know
-who he was, but I soon found out. It was three miles to the ship,
-and as we approached her she did look fine, and her appearance
-cheered up my rather faint heart. When we were aboard we were told
-to get our chests into the forecastle, which I had visited before
-with the shipkeeper. The forecastle was supposed to accommodate
-eighteen, and the bunks were arranged around the sides in a double
-tier. The gloom seemed to deepen and, as I was told to take a bunk
-forward, which was one of the poorest, I thought of my mother and
-wished that I was at home. In a short time came the cry, “All hands
-on deck.”
-
-When we emerged some one told me to go forward and help work the
-windlass.
-
-“It’s time to weigh anchor,” he said.
-
-A “greenie” remarked, “I don’t see how they are going to weigh the
-anchor; they ain’t got no scales.”
-
-A general laugh followed. We set to work and one of the men started
-a rude chantey, and the old hands joined in. Chanteys are the songs
-sailors sing when at work, and the mere singing seems to make labor
-lighter.
-
-At last the anchor came up. In the meantime men had been sent aloft
-to shake out the sails, and the vessel started on her long voyage.
-As I caught a glimpse of land and historic land, too, often spoken
-of by the early voyagers, I felt as if I had sundered the last tie
-with home, and I found it difficult to keep back the tears.
-
-Just then the shipkeeper came to me and said, “I’m going out in the
-vessel and coming back in the pilot boat. Now let me tell you
-something. Even if things don’t go right, keep a civil tongue in
-your head. Do what you’re told to do, and be respectful to those
-over you, and never try to be familiar with them. If you do, you’ll
-find it won’t pay. Now let me tell you something more. The first
-mate’s name is Coster Lakeum. He sailed in this very vessel on the
-former voyage as third mate. He’s a man who doesn’t talk much, but
-he’s a fine seaman. I’ve told him that while you look to be eighteen
-you’re only fifteen. Don’t ever try to be familiar with him, and he
-may prove your best friend in the ship. You’ll be a lucky boy if he
-should take you for stroke oar in his boat.”
-
-We had to beat out to sea as there was a head wind. As the vessel
-tacked I was bewildered and wondered how any one could learn the
-names of all the ropes and how to handle them.
-
-“Get out of my way and get to work,” said a hard-looking, burly
-fellow, jostling me as he said it. He was an American of almost
-repulsive countenance, and a man for whom then and there I conceived
-a strong dislike. Well, I couldn’t work, for I didn’t know how to,
-and I noticed that all the greenies seemed stupid, like myself, and
-were at a loss what to do. The old sailors were handling the ship,
-and in a couple of hours we reached the offing, the pilot boat came
-up, and my good friend, the shipkeeper, shook me by the hand, and he
-and the pilot stepped aboard the little craft and were soon far
-astern. On our port were the islands, on one of which Gosnold made a
-temporary settlement eighteen years before the _Mayflower_ anchored
-in Provincetown Harbor. While the islands bear the name of Gosnold’s
-Queen, their individual Indian names are still retained, and furnish
-a curious and interesting rhyme:
-
- Naushon, Nonamesset,
- Onkatonka and Wepecket,
- Nashawena, Pasquinese,
- Cuttyhunk and Penikese.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER II
-
- AT SEA
-
-
-When we were well out at sea the vessel began to pitch and roll so
-that I found it difficult to keep on my feet. I would find myself in
-the lee scuppers only to be thrown back again like a piece of
-rubber. I noticed how the old sailors tipped their bodies to avoid
-disaster, and I tried to get my sea legs on and partially succeeded.
-Even then I slid at times, and at last I got hold of a pin and held
-on. The man who had come to my help in the boat, when the sailors
-were making fun of me, came up and said:
-
-“You greenies are not much use until you have learned the ropes. We
-don’t look to you at all the first day out. Now, boy, let me tell
-you that the chances are you are going to get sick before long, and,
-if you go down into the close, stuffy forecastle, you’ll be a great
-deal worse. I’m the first mate, and there’s no objection to your
-sleeping on deck the first night out. If you do, you may sleep off
-the sickness and be all right in the morning.”
-
-So he pointed out a place, and I knew then that my friend was Coster
-Lakeum. Pretty soon I began to feel a little sick. It was a
-don’t-care feeling, and it made the other sickness—the longing for
-home—all the more intense. Why did I ever leave my father’s house?
-Why did I abandon my mother’s love and care? I kept back the tears
-and I kept out of the way. When night came I stretched out in the
-place which had been pointed out and began to feel a little better.
-The air was bracing and the thought of home did quite as much to
-keep me from sleeping as the tossing of the ship. There was no one
-now to see the tears which ran down my cheeks. Sleep stole on, and,
-when morning came, I felt somewhat restored. I looked about for a
-place to wash in, and for a basin, but saw none. I came to the
-conclusion that sailors didn’t wash unless they let themselves down
-into the sea. It was not long before I found out that water at sea
-was a luxury. It was kept in a scuttle butt by the cabin door, where
-a drink might be taken, but there was none for washing. The sailors
-had to depend on rain and the sea. The cook, who was at the galley,
-called to me, “Come here, Sonny.”
-
-I started, but the ship gave a lurch and down I went. He gave a loud
-laugh, but there was something in the tone which showed that he
-wasn’t making fun of me. I picked myself up, steadied my body, and
-at the right moment covered the distance without further mishap.
-
-“Look here, boy,” he said, “you’re startin’ out rather young, but
-you must be twenty.”
-
-This touched my pride.
-
-“Why, I am only fifteen.”
-
-“Only fifteen? Well, I suppose you didn’t have a very good home, so
-you were glad to go to sea.”
-
-“Yes, I had a good home.”
-
-I felt uncomfortable. The cook continued pleasantly, “The sailor’s
-life is a hard one, but there are bright spots. Let me tell you to
-do as you are told to do and do your best. Feel a little squeamish,
-eh?”
-
-“Not very much now, but I did, yesterday.”
-
-“And you will again, if you go down this mornin’ into that old
-forecastle, so I’ll give you a little breakfast here, if you can
-hold on with one hand while you use the other. Eat little to begin
-with.”
-
-He gave me some coffee and a couple of pieces of bread soaked in
-something. I held the cup containing the coffee in one hand and the
-hard bread in the other, and, although more than once I thought they
-would slip from my hands, I managed to make my repast without
-accident. It wasn’t long before all hands were ordered aft. I was
-now feeling pretty good, but I pitied the greenies who had passed
-the night in the forecastle—they looked so forlorn. They had
-evidently been sick and gave little appearance of being able to
-work.
-
-We all huddled together and Captain Gamans, who was to be our master
-for nearly three years, proceeded to address us. The captain was a
-young man, not over thirty years old, of good size but not of very
-attractive appearance. He seemed inclined to be somewhat savage. The
-following remarks he delivered in a sharp, nasal tone:
-
-“See here, you fellows, I’m boss on this ship. I want you to
-understand you’ll have to work and work hard. There’s no hanging
-round on a whaler, as some folks think. Whalemen work a great deal
-harder than merchantmen. Now don’t let me see any wasting of grub.
-I’ll put the man who does it in irons for a week. The sooner you
-greenies learn the ropes and to box the compass, the better. If you
-don’t, no watch below until you do. Competition between the boats is
-all right, but there must be fair play. Now for the boats’ crews and
-the watches; and look out for yourselves.”
-
-Lakeum called out sharply, “Fall in line—old hands at one end,
-greenies at the other.”
-
-The order was obeyed, but the vessel rolled so that the greenies
-wobbled about considerably. The mates examined our ribs and arms in
-order to size up our probable strength and endurance, while the
-boat-steerers or harpooners stood by and offered suggestions. Then
-came the selection for the places in the boats, and to my great joy
-I learned that I was to be stroke oar in the first mate’s boat. I
-felt grateful to Lakeum and the shipkeeper as well. The few who were
-not chosen were to remain on the ship when the boats were down for
-whales. Long afterwards Lakeum told me that selecting a greenie as
-stroke oar was something of an experiment, but my size, the
-recommendation of the shipkeeper and the fact that I was brought up
-in a seaport town and knew something of salt water determined him.
-
-Now came what they called “the picking of the watches.” This was the
-duty of the first and second mates. There were three watches on our
-vessel. While those who made up a watch were on deck, the others
-were at rest or off duty. Between four and eight p.m. there were two
-short periods called dogwatches. That very day the crows’ nests were
-built at the mastheads. In each case a pair of crosstrees was fitted
-to the masthead, upon each side of which was constructed a small
-platform. This provided a foothold. A couple of padded hoops were
-secured above at a point a little higher than a man’s waist. With
-his feet on the platform, his body through the hoops and his arms
-resting thereon, one could look over the entire ocean, as far as the
-horizon, in search of whales.
-
-In the late afternoon word came to shorten sail, and several of us
-greenies were ordered aloft together with the old hands. This was my
-first taste of the real work of a sailor. When my feet touched the
-foot-ropes, young and agile as I was, I had considerable doubt about
-keeping my place. “Tip forward, as the ship goes down and hold on as
-she comes back, and be quick in knottin’ your reef points,” said an
-old tar beside me. I managed to hold on, but I was slow and clumsy
-in reefing. “Green at it, ain’t you? Watch me,” he declared. I was
-glad when I found myself descending the ratlines and was on deck
-once more.
-
-That night I slept in my bunk in the forecastle. I recall how close
-and stuffy it was, how the waves pounded against the ship, how some
-of the men, presumably the greenies, groaned as if in agony, how I
-longed for a kiss from my mother and for the little bedroom at home,
-and how glad I was when at four in the morning our watch was called
-and I went on deck.
-
-Of all things on the ship the whaleboat was the most important, and
-few mechanics were more skilful than its builder. This craft was
-sharp at both ends and was something like the model of an Indian
-birch-bark canoe. The bow and stern were high out of water. The bow
-rose above the rail in a Y-shape, and in this was a brass roller for
-the whale line to pass over. The boat was about thirty feet long,
-six feet in beam and a little over two feet deep. It was so solidly
-built that it could ride on a sea which would smash the ordinary
-boat of a merchantman to bits.
-
-The whale line was about twelve hundred feet in length and was
-coiled in a large tub. One end of it was taken aft to a post in the
-stern of the boat called a loggerhead, around which two or three
-turns were taken in order to bring a strain on the line when a
-struck whale was going down or, to use the common expression, was
-“sounding.” The friction caused by the line flying round the
-loggerhead often set it on fire, and it was necessary to throw water
-over it. The line was carried forward to the bow, and to it was
-attached a harpoon. To this line, at some distance from the harpoon,
-another short warp was attached, with a harpoon secured to the end.
-The purpose was for the boat-steerer or harpooner to throw the
-second iron after he had thrown the first or, if this were
-impossible, to toss the second iron overboard, as otherwise it might
-catch in a man’s clothing or endanger the other occupants of the
-boat.
-
-The third day the work on the whaleboats was pushed vigorously. The
-oars were examined to see if there were flaws, and were then laid in
-the boats; the whale line was coiled down into tubs, new harpoons
-were fitted to poles, and these and the lances were placed in the
-boats. The whaleboat carried a sail, which was set when the wind was
-favorable, and was then steered by a rudder. At other times it was
-propelled by five great oars.
-
-The boat also carried a hatchet, a water keg, a keg containing a few
-biscuits, candles, lanterns, glasses, matches, a compass, two
-knives, two small axes, a boat hook, waif flags, fluke spades,
-canvas buckets, a “piggin” for bailing, and paddles. A rudder hung
-outside by the stern.
-
-The ordinary whaler carried four boats on the davits—three on the
-port side and one aft on the starboard side. Some whalers carried a
-fifth boat forward on the starboard side.
-
-The first mate’s boat was the one aft on the port side. This was the
-one to which I was assigned. It was called the “larboard” boat. And
-now it is to be noted that no whaleboat ever had a name. It even did
-not have painted on it the name of the ship to which it belonged.
-
-On the fourth day the weather was mild and the sea calm. In the
-morning the order came to lower the boats. The lookouts were in the
-hoops at the mastheads, but there were no whales in sight. The truth
-is, the greenies needed practice and training to prepare them for
-the encounter with whales. Lakeum said to me:
-
-“Did you ever handle an oar?”
-
-“Oh, yes,” I said. “I can not only handle an oar but I can do two
-things which my father told me most merchantmen can’t do. I can swim
-and sail a boat.”
-
-“You may have to do both before this voyage is over,” was the reply
-in rather a stern tone.
-
-Each boat carried six men. If, when in pursuit of whales, the wind
-were favorable, the sail was set; if light, oars were used together
-with the sail; if not favorable, the oars alone were used.
-
-And now we were not to seek whales, but have our first practice in
-the imaginary pursuit. I had the stroke oar, which was nearly
-fourteen feet long. If this were regarded as heavy and clumsy, what
-would one say of the steering oar held by Lakeum, which was twenty
-feet long? When the boat was lowered, we scrambled into her and took
-our places. Another man and I were the only greenies in the mate’s
-boat, and it turned out that he had never handled an oar before; as
-for myself, I was only used to light oars of moderate length. The
-sea looked very calm from the ship’s deck, but when we had pushed
-off, we found that our great whaleboat was tossed about
-considerably, and this made rowing more difficult. I was anxious to
-do my best and I think Lakeum was aware of it, but he gave
-suggestions and orders in a tone which made me realize that he was
-my master.
-
-The mate always helps the stroke oarsman. As Lakeum steered with his
-left hand, he pushed with his right hand on the handle of my oar.
-The other greenie blundered more than I did and in such a way as to
-interfere with the others. The men made him the object of their
-ridicule, but Lakeum told them to be quiet. Take it all in all, some
-progress was made that morning, and we returned to the vessel with
-an appetite for dinner.
-
-This suggests the food that was served to us. There were three
-messes,—cabin, steerage and forecastle. Meals were served at
-seven-thirty A.M., at noon, and at five P.M. As to the forecastle,
-the food was dumped in bulk into large pans and carried from the
-galley to the forecastle, where the men ate it from small pans. For
-drink we had tea and coffee sweetened with a kind of molasses. We
-had salt junk and also hard bread which was improved by soaking it
-to flabbiness, frying it in pork fat and deluging it in black
-molasses. Lobscouse, a favorite dish, was a mixture of hard-tack,
-meat and potatoes. Duff was made of flour, lard and dried apples. It
-was boiled in a bag and served with molasses.
-
-We ate our food in the forecastle while sitting on benches in front
-of our bunks. Sometimes the meat was divided into as many parts as
-there were men. Then, as the carver asked, “Who’s this for?” a man
-who had turned his back called another man’s name and the portion
-was given to him. This was repeated until all the men were served.
-Now let me say that during the voyage I never saw among the men a
-single act of selfishness or greediness. Often those who are
-uneducated and have had no social advantages are, in their relations
-with others, the most considerate and gentlemanly.
-
-That afternoon the first vessel was sighted since leaving port. The
-captain was out with his glasses, and I heard him say, “It’s a
-whaler, and I know the managing owner’s streamer at the mainmast.
-The vessel’s the _Rhoda_, for she’s due about now and has made a
-splendid voyage according to the last report.” I asked one of the
-old hands how you could tell a whaler in the distance, irrespective
-of the owner’s flag, and he said, “Always by the boats. Can’t you
-see with your naked eye the three boats hangin’ at the davits on the
-port side?” This held good the world over. A whaler was always known
-by her boats.
-
-While the whaler was a small vessel, she carried three or four times
-as many men as a merchantman of the same size, because a large
-number of men was necessary when whales were pursued and captured.
-Besides the captain there were generally three or four mates or
-officers, four boat-steerers or harpooners, a cooper, carpenter,
-blacksmith, steward, cook, cabin boy, four shipkeepers or spare men,
-and sixteen to twenty seamen. Sometimes the same person was
-carpenter and cooper and often there was no blacksmith, the work of
-sharpening irons and so forth being done by others. On many whalers
-there was no cabin boy. On the _Seabird_ there was neither
-blacksmith nor cabin boy, and a man named Jonas was both carpenter
-and cooper.
-
-Of the four boat-steerers, I shall mention only the one on our boat.
-He was a Portuguese from St. Michaels, and his name was Manuel—a
-broad-shouldered, stalwart fellow, with a long, powerful arm. And he
-was also a fine fellow—kind-hearted and good-natured. We had several
-other Portuguese in the crew, natives of the Azores, one or two
-blacks from the Cape Verdes and also one Kanaka from the Hawaiian
-Islands.
-
-One member of the crew deserves especial mention. His name was
-Israel Kreelman, a native of Vermont. He was getting along in years
-and had followed the sea since his sixteenth year. He had never got
-above the berth of seaman, for while he did his work faithfully and
-well, he was not qualified for any higher position. Kreelman seemed
-to me, at first, rather austere, but in time I found him generally
-kind and companionable, and he took a real interest in me. I have
-spoken of the hard-looking American seaman who talked to me savagely
-and jostled me the first day out. His name was Jake, and in a few
-days everybody was afraid of him. He talked little, and when he did
-he was profane and abusive. I think it was just a week to a day from
-the day of sailing, when an event occurred which nearly ended in a
-tragedy.
-
-Jake was ugly as usual and had some words with the fourth mate. He
-was cautioned in an emphatic tone. He did not seem inclined to
-retort, but directed his abuse against the food served to the men,
-which he called slush.
-
-[Illustration: Jake partly lost his balance, and the captain seized
-him.]
-
-“There’s the coffee,” he said, “the captain and officers get the
-best of it in the cabin. Then they add water to what’s left, and
-this is what the boat-steerers and others get in the steerage. Then
-they add more water to what’s left and that’s what we get in the
-forecastle. It’s nothin’ but the captain’s slops.”
-
-There was some truth in Jake’s remarks, but the language used might
-have been more moderate. The captain was standing near by, and his
-face flushed rapidly.
-
-“Look here, Jake,” he exclaimed, “let me hear no more language of
-that kind. If I do, I’ll put you in irons.”
-
-“You’re a coward. You couldn’t hurt a fly.”
-
-Before the captain could move or reply, Jake whipped out a knife and
-made a lunge for him. I thought the knife was going into the
-captain’s shoulder, but by a quick movement of the body he escaped.
-Jake partly lost his balance, and the captain seized him. The vessel
-was pitching and the outcome was uncertain. The captain seized the
-wrist of Jake’s right arm, and just then Lakeum grabbed a
-marlinespike and knocked the knife out of Jake’s hand. The men
-struggled fiercely for a moment, when Jake slipped a little; this
-put him at a disadvantage, and down they went, the captain on top.
-They say you mustn’t strike a man when he’s down, but it may be that
-it depends on the man and the circumstances. At any rate, the
-captain gave Jake an awful mauling, and when he let him up and the
-mates took him away to put him in irons, his face looked like jelly.
-For several days everything went on smoothly and everybody seemed
-subdued. The only comment was made to me by Kreelman.
-
-“Boy,” he said, “I’m a common sailor and will never get any higher,
-but there are always two sides to a case. I’ve seen captains and
-officers do some awful cruel things, and when I was younger, I’ve
-suffered myself. But in this matter the captain was right. Jake’s a
-bad man. I didn’t like him from the first. What they want to do is
-to get rid of him, and they’ll do it, too. Keep your eyes open.”
-
-“How will they do it?” I asked.
-
-“Never mind, keep your eyes open.”
-
-I had heard of hanging men at the yardarm, and I assumed that, when
-Kreelman said they would get rid of Jake, he meant they would take
-his life in some way. I was uneasy and distressed. However, I had
-little time for reflection, as I was constantly kept at work.
-
-We had several days of pleasant weather and each day we took to the
-boats, and the greenies began to show great improvement in handling
-the oars. The thirteenth day from home was a memorable one. I
-supposed that the vessel was well on her way south, but a great
-surprise was in store for me. It was a beautiful morning, and it was
-not far advanced before a hazy outline appeared in the distance. As
-we approached, it grew more distinct, and I was so surprised and
-bewildered that I didn’t even think of seeking information. Soon the
-object developed into a huge mountain, rising right out of the
-sea—in fact from six to seven thousand feet in height. It was
-evidently at one end of an island. Before long the vessel was put in
-stays. Then came the order to lower the larboard boat. The greenie
-who belonged in the boat was told to remain on the ship, and then
-Jake appeared in the custody of the mates, and was told to take the
-greenie’s place in the boat. Jake’s face was covered with scabs and
-scars, and he didn’t appear so bold and defiant as he did before his
-encounter with the captain. Lakeum steered for the shore, which
-wasn’t over five hundred yards away, and I wondered what it was all
-about and particularly where we were going. My curiosity increased
-when on our arrival Lakeum shouted, “Twenty minutes shore leave.”
-The men scrambled out of the boat—Jake, despite his beating, the
-most agile of all. In a minute Lakeum and I were alone.
-
-“Aren’t you going with the boys?” he asked.
-
-“No,” I said, “I’d rather stay here. Will you tell me where we are?”
-
-“Where do you think?”
-
-“I haven’t any idea.”
-
-“Well, young man, this is one of the Azores. They call it Pico, and
-that mountain rising right out of the sea is one of the most
-wonderful things in the world.”
-
-I wanted to ask why we were there, but I knew that that was none of
-my business. Lakeum helped me out.
-
-“There are two reasons why we are here. You’ve noticed that we’ve
-had no second mate. We are going to have one in a few minutes. It is
-no uncommon thing now for a Portuguese to ship in New Bedford
-sometime ahead, and then go over to the Azores in the packet to see
-the folks and wait for the ship. This is our case. Mr. Silva’s his
-name and he must live pretty near here, for our captain had his
-instructions just where to put the ship in stays. Now then, don’t
-you see how Mr. Silva’s helped us out?”
-
-Lakeum, usually rather serious, laughed heartily.
-
-“Puzzled again? Well, just hear me. Don’t you see this is the way to
-get rid of Jake?”
-
-“He’ll come back, won’t he?”
-
-“Come back? We’ll never see him again, and we never want to. As a
-rule we don’t want a man who’s in debt to the ship to desert, but
-this man is dangerous, and nobody’s safe when he’s around. We are
-only too glad to get rid of him. We’ve given him a chance, and he’s
-taken it already.”
-
-“Why didn’t the captain put back to New Bedford when the fracas was
-over and have Jake arrested?”
-
-Again Lakeum laughed.
-
-“Why, boy, that would never do. Some of us would be called as
-witnesses, and the rest would disappear. The voyage would be broken
-up and the owners would be the losers. When the captain gave Jake
-his licking he gave him his judge and jury and everything else.”
-
-We were at a little landing, and a road led up from it into the
-island. On each side of the road was a wall made of large blocks
-that looked like brown stones. Lakeum told me that these blocks were
-pieces of lava, that the island was volcanic and that there were on
-it many extinct craters. For the first time I saw oranges on the
-trees, and it seemed to me as if I had entered into a new world.
-Pretty soon down the road came a cart driven by a boy. In it was a
-man seated on a chest. The cart was unlike any I had ever seen. It
-was a crude affair, and the wheels were of solid wood. Lakeum
-greeted the newcomer as follows:
-
-“Well, Mr. Silva, I never saw you before, but there’s no need of an
-introduction. I know who you are. I’m Lakeum, the first mate. Let’s
-get your chest aboard.”
-
-Silva showed a row of dazzling teeth and Lakeum continued, “I gave
-the men leave. There they are up the road, coming this way. They’ll
-all be here in a minute, except one.”
-
-Silva showed his teeth again and said, “Hard ticket, eh? Got a good
-poundin’, did he? But he’s better off. The ship must stand it. He’s
-spent the money the outfitter let him have—spent it before he came
-aboard, and he has got on a new suit, such as it is, and it ain’t
-cost him nothin’.”
-
-Silva grinned again. Then the smile vanished, and lowering his tone
-he said, “I feel almost like desertin’, too. I come back here to get
-married, and I’ve just left my little wife. I’ve been married only
-two weeks. She wanted to see me off. I couldn’t stand it. It’s a
-hard life we whalemen lead.”
-
-Though a boy, I was touched by the brave fellow’s words. All the men
-showed up but one, and Silva took his place. As we pulled for the
-ship I knew that it would be many months before we should again pull
-for the shore.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER III
-
- ABOUT WHALES
-
-
-We now bore away south—all hands anxious to see whales. One morning
-the captain called us aft and addressed us as follows:
-
-“I want to tell you about the prizes. Every man who sights a whale
-that is captured gets a prize. If the whale makes fifty barrels or
-less, a flannel shirt; if over fifty barrels, five dollars. These
-are the prizes given away during the voyage. Then at the end of the
-voyage the owner will give two gold watches—and good gold watches,
-too—one to the man who raises the largest sperm whale during the
-voyage, and the other to the man who raises the largest bowhead,
-that is the whales that stow down the greatest amount of oil. Keep
-your eyes open.”
-
-The name I went by was “Fancy Chest”, and it stuck to me to the end
-of the voyage. As we walked away, Kreelman said:
-
-“Well, Fancy Chest, what do you think of it?”
-
-“Fine.”
-
-“Not so fine as you think. The flannel shirt isn’t good for much,
-and you can’t spend the five dollars at any of the few places where
-we stop, for they don’t know that kind of money. I went on a voyage
-once and got a so-called gold watch when we got home. It was
-pinchbeck. I had to shake it to make it go, and I shook it so hard
-it made my arm ache.”
-
-This was discouraging, and I was pretty well disillusioned. It was
-to be my fortune during the voyage to draw a watch, but I must
-withhold the story about it till the end of the book.
-
-Kreelman continued, changing the subject, “It’s about time to have
-fresh meat. I’m about tired of hard bread and lobscouse.”
-
-“Do they keep it on board?”
-
-“Fancy Chest, you are still a greenie. Look in the sea and see what
-you see.”
-
-We had seen porpoises before, but never so many as there were now.
-They were dancing all about the vessel, as if bent on a frolic. One
-of the boat-steerers went forward and rigged a platform just over
-the bow. Then he took his stand on it, with harpoon in hand. Two or
-three of the graceful creatures came up as if to encourage advances,
-and then disappeared beneath the surface. They were not near enough
-for the boat-steerer’s purpose. Then a daring fellow leaped up as if
-to defy the harpooner, only to fall a prey to his iron. Soon another
-porpoise was captured. I looked at the pretty creatures lying on the
-deck—each about five feet in length—with some pity, which gave way
-to the pleasant thought of the approaching repast.
-
-As I went by the galley the cook said, “You’ll get something at
-dinner to make you feel good.” And we did. The meat was boiled with
-“doughboys” or dumplings, and nice it tasted, too. This change in
-diet cheered us all, and that afternoon there was more contentment
-than I had seen any day since we sailed.
-
-I had now learned to box the compass, and I knew the ropes. There
-used to be an impression that the duties of a whaleman were light.
-This is far from the truth. The labor was incessant. There was no
-limit to the hours, and the work was often carried on in the night
-watches. Contrary to the general impression, the whaler was cleaner
-and more trim than the merchantman. And now a few words about
-whales, as we were soon to have our first chase.
-
-Whales have lungs and warm blood, and their bodies do not differ
-much from those of a cow or a horse. There are several kinds, but in
-the good old whaling day only two kinds were of real value—the sperm
-whales or cachalots and the whales which yielded bone. The largest
-cachalot ever captured was nearly ninety feet long and nearly forty
-feet in circumference, and weighed about ninety tons! Think of it!
-One hundred and eighty thousand pounds! Now, if we say that thirteen
-men weigh a ton, a whale of this kind will weigh more than the
-entire population of a village of over eleven hundred inhabitants.
-It is also said that a large sperm whale weighs a good deal more
-than a hundred oxen, and has the strength of several hundred horses.
-The head is blunt and flat, and the skull sometimes measures more
-than twenty feet in length. The eye is near the angle of the jaw; it
-has no lashes, and is about as large as the eye of a colt. The
-creature can see ahead or to either side, but the eyes are separated
-by the immense head, so that each eye seems to work on its own
-account; and this is thought to be the reason why sperm whales act
-so queerly at times. The most curious organ is the ear. It is just
-behind the eye and is so small that a pencil can hardly be inserted
-in it.
-
-The lower jaw, which contains the teeth, is far smaller than the
-upper jaw, but it was regarded in whaling days of considerable
-value, for the posterior part called the “jawbone” and the teeth,
-which weighed about a pound and a half each, furnished the material
-out of which sailors made so many curious articles.
-
-The sperm whale has no nose, but a substitute in a spouthole on top
-of the head.
-
-The interior of the mouth is white, and the tongue is small and the
-throat large.
-
-The head is, in size, about one third of the body, and in it is what
-is called the “case” containing spermaceti, formerly used in the
-manufacture of candles. It is dipped out with buckets, and sometimes
-fifteen barrels are taken from a single head. What is this great oil
-case for? Some think that the animal draws upon it for nourishment
-during periods of food scarcity, just as bears store upon their
-bodies great quantities of fat to draw on later. The whales are
-covered with what is called blubber, which keeps them warm in cold
-water and relieves the pressure when they “sound,” that is, go down
-to great depths.
-
-The flippers, one on each side of the body, are not like the fins of
-a fish, but are the limbs of land mammals, covered with blubber to
-form paddles, and are supplied with bones, blood vessels and nerves.
-
-The tail of the whale divides into two flukes, the distance across
-which is fifteen feet. This great weapon is used for a number of
-purposes—for motion, as a weapon when pursued by enemies, for play,
-called lobtailing, whereby he throws his tail high in the air and
-then, lowering it, smites the sea with terrific force, and for
-peaking, which is the tossing of the entire flukes with a part of
-the body in the air before plunging below.
-
-When the whale so plunges below he is said to “sound,” and, as he
-breathes like any other animal, he must take in for his dive a great
-supply of air; otherwise he would drown. This great creature can
-hold his breath for a long time, and, when he comes up, the air in
-his lungs is heated, and, hence, as it is expelled into the cooler
-air, it condenses and forms a vapor. This is what one sees when the
-whale spouts. If this vapor touches the human skin, it stings. Now
-the spout of the sperm whale is rather a poor one. It doesn’t go
-straight up, but goes forward for a short distance. The blowings are
-repeated sixty or seventy times at a rising, and then the whale goes
-down again, and remains below for fifteen to forty-five minutes, and
-occasionally for an hour or more.
-
-Now what does the cachalot do when he is under water? It is believed
-that he goes to a great depth in search of cuttlefish or squid. Some
-of these dead cuttlefish thrown up on the shore are known to be
-forty to fifty feet in length, and, while some say that live
-cuttlefish of great size have been seen on the surface of the ocean,
-the statement may well be doubted. But it is known that fierce
-battles take place under water between them and the whales; and it
-is a fact that dead whales have been found floating with their
-bodies badly cut and bruised. But the cachalot is generally the
-victor. The cuttlefish is not the only food. It is a fact that
-pieces of sharks have been found in the stomachs of sperm whales.
-
-The most curious thing about the sperm whale is that in rare cases
-it produces ambergris, often worth its weight in gold; and this, it
-is said, is due to the cuttlefish. This material is solid, is
-generally ash-colored, is lighter than water and is fragrant when
-heated. It is a growth in the intestines of the sperm whale,
-produced, it is thought, by indigestion caused by the whale not
-being able to assimilate beaks and other pieces of cuttlefish so
-often found in the ambergris. Ambergris is generally found in
-cutting up the whale. Its chief use is in manufacturing perfume. It
-is not the perfume itself, but the substance which prevents
-evaporation.
-
-The sperm whale is a great wanderer. He keeps away from the cold
-water of the extremities of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, but
-travels all over the rest of the watery world. How do we know all
-this? Because the whale himself has told us. Harpoons had stamped in
-them the names of the ship’s owner and sometimes the name of the
-ship. Often a whale with the harpoon in him would make his escape,
-when the line parted, and afterwards be captured six or seven
-thousand miles away from the place of encounter with the harpoon
-still in his body.
-
-Some of the antics of the sperm whale are striking. He will rise in
-the water and turn to look around him. Again he will raise his head
-above the surface and remain for some time in that position, bobbing
-up and down amid the waves. Then, suddenly turning, he will raise
-his flukes in the air and beat them upon the water with great
-violence. The sound caused thereby may be heard for many miles.
-This, as I have said, is called lobtailing. Then he will spring from
-the water so as to show a large part of his great frame. This is
-called breaching.
-
-The female or cow cachalot is only about a third of the size of the
-male or bull. The mother goes far out to sea with her baby calf,
-apparently fearing no enemy, and her affection for the little
-creature is very strong; so whalemen would kill the calf first, for
-they knew that the mother would not forsake her offspring. The cow
-is said to show affection for the bull, for when the bull is killed
-the cow will stay by, only to be captured herself.
-
-How do whales sleep? It is generally thought that it is when they
-are floating on the surface, either during the day or night. Both
-whalers and merchantmen are known to have run on to whales with a
-result similar to that occasioned by striking a rock or reef. If the
-whales had been awake they would doubtless have avoided the vessels.
-A famous case of collision was that of the _Union_, Captain Gardner,
-which sailed from Nantucket in 1807. At ten o’clock at night, when
-running at seven knots, she struck a whale with such force as to
-smash in the timbers on the starboard bow. The pumps were started,
-but the water gained rapidly and in a couple of hours the vessel
-began to sink. Three boats left the ship, one of which was
-abandoned, and the men were divided equally in the other two. There
-was a heavy sea, and the Azores were over six hundred miles away.
-They rigged sails which were carried away by the gale, and the two
-boats were finally lashed together and for a time allowed to drift.
-They had little water, and the men were put on scant rations. When
-suffering intensely from thirst and hunger Flores was sighted.
-Captain Gardner and his men made six hundred miles in seven days and
-eight nights. This young master was only twenty-four years of age.
-He followed the sea for many years. In one of his voyages his
-encounter with a sperm whale resulted in a badly bruised body and a
-mutilated hand. This injured member is shown in the photograph of
-the old gentleman in the rooms of the Old Dartmouth Historical
-Society in New Bedford.
-
-Now a few words about the whales which yield whalebone or baleen. It
-used to be said that the whale which yielded excellent bone and a
-generous quantity of oil was called the “right whale” to capture,
-and hence the name. Later its larger relative was found in the
-Arctic regions and called the bowhead, because of the structure of
-the fore part of the head, which is shaped like a half-circle. The
-whalebone of the bowhead is much larger than that of the right
-whale, and in former days was more valuable. The slabs are in the
-upper jaw, and in a bowhead are often a dozen feet or more in
-length. When the mouth is closed these slabs slant back and lie
-between the two jaws. When the mouth opens they hang almost
-perpendicularly along the sides of the mouth, presenting the
-appearance of a screen, which, as the inner side of each slab is
-furnished with bristles or hairs, serves as a sieve. A bowhead once
-captured had two hundred and eighty-six slabs of bone on one side of
-the mouth and two hundred and eighty-nine on the other. The lower
-lip supports and holds in place the lower edge of the sieve, while
-the upper lip is drawn up. The right whales subsist on crustaceans,
-called “brit,” which are taken in great quantities through the mouth
-and are strained out by means of the bristles on the inner side of
-the whalebone. The water flows out and the “brit” is caught by the
-sieve. The brit is yellow and so abundant in some latitudes as to
-give the appearance of extensive fields of golden grain. The right
-whales are said to eat fish, if “brit” is not obtainable. The
-rushing of a right whale through a field of “brit” has been compared
-to a snowplow passing through a drift. He leaves behind him a trail
-of blue water, spouts with great force and is difficult to capture.
-Here we should note that the whalebone whales cannot see ahead of
-them.
-
-While the bowheads are very heavy, they are not more than sixty-five
-feet in length. The tail is about twenty-five feet broad and six
-feet deep. One of these whales, taken in 1855 in the Okhotsk Sea by
-the ship _Adeline_ of New Bedford, yielded two hundred and fifty
-barrels of oil, and another taken in 1861 by the _General Pike_ of
-the same port produced two hundred and seventy-four barrels. The
-whalebone whales carry their nostrils on the summit of the head.
-There are two spout holes; they are f-shaped, close together,
-and are located about eighteen feet from the end of the head. As
-they are nearer the lungs than in the case of the sperm whale, the
-vapor shoots up straight, spreading as it rises. These whales are
-encased in a layer of blubber which is from a foot to two feet in
-thickness. It is softer, more oily and also more sticky than that of
-the sperm whale. The tongue is thick and soft, is glued to the floor
-of the mouth, and generally contains about six barrels of oil,
-although it is said that the tongue of a very large bowhead has been
-known to yield twenty-five barrels. Such a tongue is equal to the
-weight of ten oxen. The flesh of the animal is coarse, firm and red
-in color. The flukes are very powerful. Hence the maxim, “Beware of
-a sperm whale’s jaw and a right whale’s flukes.” While the sperm
-whale is a great traveler, the right whale never crosses the
-equator.
-
-The female right whale is much larger than the female sperm, and at
-the breeding time she frequents shallow waters. Her affection for
-her young is very strong. It is said that she will clasp the calf
-with a fin very much as a human mother holds her child. The young of
-the bowhead mother is seldom seen, and it is thought that she keeps
-it under the ice until it is weaned.
-
-The bowhead’s method of feeding is like that of its relative, the
-right whale. The crustaceans in the North Atlantic and Arctic,
-called “slicks”, give the water the appearance of oily streaks. They
-are produced by different kinds of jellyfish and range in size from
-a pea to six inches or more in diameter. When the bowhead is
-feeding, the spread of the lips is about thirty feet, and the method
-of feeding is the same as that of the right whale.
-
-Now what happened as the result of the pursuit of all these
-creatures, well called the leviathans of the deep? Let any boy or
-girl take the map and see where the whalemen cruised and captured
-whales. Not content with Baffin’s Bay, Hudson’s Bay, the waters
-along the coast of Greenland and in the North Atlantic, around the
-Azores, Madeira, the coast of Africa, Ascension, Tristan da Cunha,
-the Falkland Islands, the Cape of Good Hope and the Rio de la Plata,
-the venturesome whalemen sought the Indian Ocean and more
-particularly the great stretches of the Pacific and the Arctic
-Oceans. Now let the boy or girl look carefully at the map of the
-Pacific Ocean and see the multitude of islands in that great stretch
-of water. It is said that more than four hundred islands were
-discovered in the Pacific by American whalemen; and, when one sees
-the names of Nantucket, Howland, Gardner and Starbuck, he need not
-be told that the names were given by either Nantucket or New Bedford
-whalemen.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER IV
-
- THE FIRST CHASE
-
-
-From early morn, when the men took their places in the hoops, to
-look for whales, there followed the regular order of the day. If the
-weather were good, the captain took his observations; the watches
-changed at proper times, and the men at the wheel and the lookouts
-were relieved every two hours. In the afternoon, usually at about
-four, the pumps were tested and the decks scrubbed. There was no
-noise in the ship save that occasioned by wind and wave and orders
-to the men. However, in the second dogwatch, which was generally
-about twilight, some fun was permitted. The men gathered, chatted
-and smoked. Rude strains were drawn from a battered accordion, while
-all the time the boat-steerers were at the bench aft the try-pot,
-engaged in whetting harpoons.
-
-We had, in our day, the old-fashioned log to determine the rapidity
-of the ship’s motion, but it wasn’t used very much, as in cruising
-for whales the speed of the vessel was of little consequence.
-
-On the approach of a storm the merchantman sometimes failed to make
-preparations in season. Not so with a whaler. Only a few days after
-leaving Pico we encountered a storm. As the gale bore down upon us
-from the windward blackness, and the long range of wave crests grew
-larger and the situation became more serious, we were quick to
-shorten sail and, under storm staysails, met the gale without any
-fear. Higher blew the wind, heavier pounded the sea, our staunch
-boat shipped little water, though tossed about like a shell.
-
-A week or more passed, and the men in the hoops saw not a single
-spout. Kreelman said to me, “Fancy Chest, the sperm whale, you know,
-is a low spouter—just a little bushy spout forward—and it’s not easy
-to see unless the whale’s near. The men with the sharpest eyes are
-the Gay Head Indians, and we’ve got one of ’em on board, and he’s up
-in the hoops now. He can see a sperm spout if any one can.”
-
-Within half an hour came the gladdening cry from aloft, “B-l-o-w-s!
-b-l-o-w-s! b-l-o-w-s! There he breaches! There he white-waters!” The
-captain called out, “Where away?” “Two points on the lee bow.” “How
-far off?” “Two miles, sir.” “Keep your eye on him. Sing out when we
-head right.”
-
-The captain gave orders to call all hands, get the boats ready,
-square the mainyard, put the helm up, keep her off, stand by the
-boats and lower away. Then he took his glasses and climbed to the
-main crow’s nest. The braces, sheets, and halyards were thrown from
-the pins, and then, while the men reached and hauled, the mates
-slacked away, the yards swung and the vessel came about. The boats
-quickly took to the water, and the crew swarmed down the falls and
-dropped into their places. The boat-steerers went forward, the
-officers aft. There was suppressed excitement, but no disorder. The
-wind was favorable, the masts were stepped in all the boats, the
-sails hoisted and peaked and the sheets paid out; and away we went.
-Each boat, of course, carried six men. As it happened, we were
-headed for a “pod” or “school” of sperm whales. All the boats were
-in the chase, and the men left on the ship were the captain, the
-four sparemen or shipkeepers, the cook, the steward and the
-carpenter. The vessel fortunately was to windward and could easily
-bear down on a boat if it made fast to a whale. Here I should say
-that every whaling house had its private code of signals. As the
-vessel was often a long distance from the boats engaged in the
-chase, signals gave needed instructions. The signals were generally
-about fifteen in number. They consisted of the position of colors
-and of the sails. Thus the men were told of the location of whales
-they could not see from the boats, of an accident to their
-companions, such as a stove boat, or the need of their presence on
-the ship.
-
-We had not gone a quarter of a mile before the wind shifted and we
-had to take in sail and resort to the oars. My feelings are so well
-told by Captain Robbins, an old whaleman, in his book called the
-“Gam” that I propose to quote his exact language. The captain says:
-
-“I shall never forget the dazzling sensations of that first
-moment—the tall ship, with her checkered sides and her huge white
-davits; the two sharp-bowed clinker-built boats—five long oars in
-each—two on one side, three on the other; the sun-glint upon the
-oar-blades as they lifted above the surface, the white splash when
-they dipped again; the rapid, nervous, brutal stroke; the pose of
-the officers as they stood in the stern-sheets of the boats, each
-with his lifted left hand holding the steering oar, and each with
-his right hand pushing upon the stroke oar; and, yet more vivid, the
-one figure I could see in our own boat. For the mate stood last,
-steering with one hand and helping me row with the other.”
-
-Just as Captain Robbins describes, Lakeum steered with his left hand
-and pushed on the handle of my oar with his right. He was an
-interesting figure as he urged the men on in a low tone, telling
-them at the same time not to make any noise. “It’s a pretty good pod
-and we ought to get a good-sized bull,” he declared. Of course,
-Lakeum was the only one in the boat who could see ahead. The
-rowlocks were thumbed with greased marline, to prevent any noise of
-the oars. Soon came the order to take in the oars and use the
-paddles. Then I knew that we were close to a whale. In a few minutes
-we were told to take the oars again and await orders. I turned my
-head and beheld just in front of the bow of the boat a low black
-mass, and I saw the boat-steerer leaning forward as if awaiting the
-mate’s order. The fateful moment had come and my feelings were
-intense. The boat moved ahead very slowly, and, just as the bow
-touched the monster, Lakeum shouted, “Up and let him have it.” The
-boat-steerer rose in a moment and pushed his left leg into the
-clumsy cleat in the forward thwart. Then he rested the top end of
-the harpoon handle in the palm of his right hand, steadying it with
-his left. He hurled the iron with all his force and saw it bury
-itself in the blubber up to the hitches. Seizing the second harpoon,
-he threw it with equal success.
-
-Lakeum shouted, “Stern—stern—all, and get out of the suds!” He and
-the boat-steerer changed places,—he to enter into a fight with the
-whale, and the boat-steerer to become the boat-steerer in fact. The
-whale threw up his flukes and brought them down with terrific force.
-The sea was white with suds, but we got out of them safely. Down
-went the whale and out went the line with a whizzing sound which
-soon became a regular roar. The line went out so fast that it set
-fire to the loggerhead, and I put out the fire by pouring water on
-it.
-
-“I never saw a whale get away so fast,” said Lakeum. “This boat’s
-nose may be under water any moment.”
-
-The bow was then pretty close to the surface. In a moment Lakeum
-shouted, “All hands scramble aft!” This was to save us from disaster
-by balancing the boat.
-
-I was somewhat alarmed and instinctively took the knife from the
-cleat on the thwart. The men rushed aft in disorder, due to the
-pitching of the boat, when a voice rang out, “Man caught; cut the
-warp!” I didn’t have to hack twice; the knife was as sharp as a
-razor, and one motion severed the line. A sharp cry came from the
-man who was apparently caught, and overboard he went. Despite my
-excitement and fright, I was foolish enough to think myself a hero,
-but I wasn’t. The whale was gone for good, but we were temporarily
-happy in the thought that we had saved the man from a terrible
-death. The supposed averted tragedy, however, was more of a comedy.
-My severing the line hadn’t helped the man any, for it happened that
-his foot had pressed on the warp and he had been merely thrown into
-the water, and, as he had hit a man on the way and knocked him over,
-the order was given by some one to cut the warp. The man in the
-water struck out for the boat and we soon pulled him aboard.
-
-Lakeum’s face changed color. He looked daggers at me. There were no
-whales now in sight, and he gave orders to pull for the ship. As he
-pushed on my oar our countenances were close together. For a time
-nothing was said. As we neared the vessel, the expression of anger
-and disappointment passed from his face. Lowering his voice he said:
-
-“I don’t think you are to blame or the man who gave the order to
-cut, either. You have to work quick at such times. I’ll tell the
-captain about it and make it all right with him. On some boats there
-would have been a blast of profanity, and men who had done as you
-and the other man did would have got bread and water for a week, but
-such treatment is wrong.” He paused and then resumed, “That was
-easily a hundred-barrel bull, and he was worth pretty close to five
-thousand dollars.”
-
-Our boat was the only one which had made fast to a whale and the
-rest of the day on ship was a dreary one, despite the fact that the
-sea was quite calm and the sky without a cloud. In the second
-dogwatch the men gathered and talked over the misfortune of the
-morning. A few deplored the loss of the whale; the others made light
-of it and made me the target of ridicule and joke.
-
-“Well, Fancy Chest, you cut the right line at the wrong time. You’ll
-make a whaleman,” said one.
-
-“He’s so smart that he’ll be harpooning a whale with a knife, next
-time,” said another.
-
-“I guess they’ll take that five thousand dollar whale out of Fancy
-Chest’s lay,” observed a third.
-
-There was a loud laugh. Then Kreelman interfered:
-
-“Let Fancy Chest alone. Put yourself in his place, you smarties. For
-a boy fifteen years old he did well, and a man fifty couldn’t have
-done better. Any old sailor would have cut the line as Fancy Chest
-did.”
-
-Kreelman was in a pleasant mood so far as his relations with me were
-involved, and ignoring the others, he observed:
-
-“I think you are goin’ to make a whaleman, Fancy Chest, and there
-are some things I can tell you about whales and whalin’ that you
-don’t know, although you’ve learned two things to-day from bein’ in
-the boat. One of the things you learned is that the boat-steerer
-don’t throw the iron with his arm raised but gives it a kind of
-thrust, and the other thing you’ve learned is that, after he’s
-thrown the iron, he and the mate change places.”
-
-“And why is that?” I asked. “I can’t see the sense to it.”
-
-“There ain’t no sense to it, but it’s been done since whalin’ begun.
-People do things because their fathers did ’em before ’em. Many a
-whale’s been lost because the boat-steerer, after a long chase, was
-all tired out from havin’ to pull an oar. The boat-steerer ought to
-sit up in the bow and do nothin’ until the whale’s reached so that
-he can be in good condition to strike. And after he’s struck he
-ought to stay in the bow and kill the whale, and the mate remain in
-the stern. There are many things you ought to know. After a sperm’s
-struck and goes down, he throws out a kind of oil called ‘glip.’ If
-the boat passes through this glip or crosses the line between it and
-the whale, he knows it and puts on more speed. Sometimes the sperm
-is cunning, for while soundin’ with his head in one direction, he
-will turn and swim just opposite. Now as to the right whale—never
-follow his wake, for the moment the boat runs into his suds he knows
-it and makes off in great haste.”
-
-Kreelman continued, “Now, Fancy Chest, them that has book larnin’
-write about whales, but we old tars knows more than all of them
-fellows put together. Sperm whales talk to each other just as folks
-do.”
-
-“You don’t mean that, do you?” I broke in.
-
-“Talkin’ ain’t always with words. There’s another way of talkin’,
-especially among animals, and whales is animals. Whales can pass the
-news from one school to another, so can one whale to another. The
-moment a whale is struck, other whales in the neighborhood know it
-and either make off or, if the struck whale is a cow, draw near as
-if to give help. Can you explain it? I can’t. Men in the hoops often
-notice that when their own boats is attackin’ whales, a school
-several miles to wind’ard will appear to be frightened and
-disappear. Can you explain it? I can’t. Sometimes there’ll be a
-school of whales spread out over a long distance, and as if by
-signal they’ll all go under at the same time. Can you explain it? I
-can’t.
-
-“But there are lots of things whales do that remind you a good deal
-of human folks. Sometimes you see a lot of sperm whales together,
-and that’s what you call a big school. Then sometimes you see a
-little school. Now both them schools may be all bulls, or they may
-be all cows, with just one bull to take care of ’em. In such case
-this one bull is a good deal of a gentleman, for, if there’s
-anything from behind to cause fright, he seems to tell the ladies to
-make tracks, and he stays behind to look out for the enemy—whether
-it’s a whaleboat or whatever it is. So this bull, with his caravan,
-goes travelin’ all over the ocean. Now you let any other bull come
-near and there’s sure to be a fight. In one of my voyages we saw a
-fight in the Pacific Ocean. It was a fine day and a smooth sea. The
-lookout called out whales, and we lowered. It seems it was a school
-of cow sperms, and there was a big bull with ’em. As we were gettin’
-pretty near, another big bull, that had been soundin’, come up not
-far off, and the two went for each other. Their heads come together
-with terrible force, and, believe me, you could hear the noise a
-mile away. Then they drew back and seemed to rest for a minute and
-then they went at it again. This time they locked jaws. But there
-was somethin’ clumsy about it. They didn’t seem to show the spunk
-they did when they first come together. The ladies all disappeared,
-and we men in the boats laid on our oars and watched the battle,
-pretty sure we’d get both fellows in the end, and we did. They tried
-to twist their jaws round without doin’ very much, except that in
-wigglin’ their bodies and rollin’ round they made lots of suds. It
-was pretty certain that both of ’em was badly hurt. Our boat and
-another stole up quietly and we got both of them. And what do you
-think we found out? Why, one of ’em had his jaw twisted and a number
-of his teeth torn out, while the jaw of the other was broken off, so
-that it hung only by the flesh. It’s no uncommon thing to capture a
-whale whose jaw was long ago shattered and his head battered, and
-who’s had an awful hard time to get food to eat because he couldn’t
-fight the cuttlefish. We call them whales ‘dry-skins’ because the
-blubber makes so little oil.”
-
-“Did you ever see a cuttlefish?” I asked eagerly.
-
-Kreelman was silent for some time. Then he replied:
-
-“I’ve seen big pieces of ’em which come out of the stomachs of sperm
-whales, but I never see a live one, and I don’t know any one who
-ever did. When you talk of them great things at the bottom of the
-ocean it kind of makes you creep. Some folks say that they’ve come
-up to the surface and run their big arms all over vessels and taken
-the crew under water and eaten ’em up. I never seen it. Whalemen
-don’t like to talk much about the cuttlefish, but some do say that
-the whaleship which sees a cuttlefish never returns to port.”
-
-I saw that Kreelman was not disposed to continue the conversation.
-Just then Lakeum passed. Kreelman waited until he was well aft and
-then said:
-
-“That’s a strange man. He seems out of place on this vessel. He’s a
-good sailor and all that, but there’s somethin’ about his life that
-we don’t know. He’s been edicated and he comes of well-to-do folks.
-He’s got a will of his own, but he treats the men fair, and you
-never hear no swearin’. The men in your boat say that if you hadn’t
-’a been a greenie, you never would have cut the warp to-day, and
-that you would have got it straight in the face if any one but
-Lakeum had been mate of the boat. But he treated you well, and no
-doubt he’s made it all right with the captain by this time. Fancy
-Chest, that man’s name ain’t Coster Lakeum. Nobody never had such a
-name. No one knows his given name. Now you keep to yourself what
-I’ve said.”
-
-I went to my bunk in a more cheerful mood, and that night I dreamt
-that I was boat-steerer and that I made fast to a sperm that stowed
-down oil worth five thousand dollars.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER V
-
- CAPTURING AND CUTTING-IN
-
-
-I have said that there is a wide difference between a merchantman
-and a whaler. A ship that carries a cargo that is to be delivered
-must make the port of delivery with all possible speed. On arrival
-the sailors, who are paid wages, are not very likely to desert; and,
-if they do, their places are usually easily filled. The food on a
-merchantman generally strikes a pretty good average, because, in
-most cases, recruits are obtained in the ports visited. It is
-different with the whaler. There isn’t so much variety to or change
-in the food on the whaler; the sail is shortened at night, and the
-slower she goes at all times the better. Her cargo is to be taken
-from the sea, and the whales are just as likely to find her as she
-is to find them. Then the whaler is a home, such as it is, for three
-or four years, and it is the duty of the captain to keep away from
-ports as much as he can.
-
-The _Seabird_ took it very leisurely. Day followed day and we saw no
-whales. I had to take my place in the hoops, and I searched the sea
-for whales until my eyes fairly ached. I noticed that as we cruised
-farther south, most of the birds were different from those of the
-North Atlantic and far more numerous. The most interesting to me
-were the albatross. They would come very near the vessel. They
-seemed to float along rather than fly like other birds, and their
-cry was somewhat like the braying of an ass. It is said that when
-they have gorged themselves with fish and jellyfish, they will sit
-motionless on the water and may be taken with the hand. One of them
-seemed almost bent on getting on the ship, and some of the men,
-watching their opportunity, captured him and secured him on the
-deck. He measured fifteen feet in spread of wings. The plumage was
-soft and mostly white. The beak was long and hooked at the point and
-was of a delicate pink. The most curious things about him were his
-webbed-feet with no hind toe or claw. The capture of the bird
-afforded a pleasant change in our lives and provided a theme of
-conversation for the rest of the day.
-
-After covering six or seven thousand miles, we reached the Rio de la
-Plata, called by whalemen the River Plate. This is an estuary
-between Uruguay and Argentina, and is a famous whaling ground. Here
-once occurred one of the most terrible battles with a sperm whale of
-which there is any record. When struck, the whale cut the boat in
-two with his jaw and thrashed the wreck into bits. After the men
-were picked up, two other boats planted irons in him and he smashed
-both these boats to pieces. Of the men in the water, two could not
-swim, so they climbed up on the whale’s back and sat down just
-forward of the hump. Another boat arrived and took all the men on
-board. The whale had six harpoons in him, but he made no effort to
-escape. Two spare boats having come up, the whale tried to sweep his
-jaw through the bottom of one of them, but the craft was, for a
-time, well handled. He succeeded, however, in rushing through the
-boat, and after four boats, about twelve hundred fathoms of line and
-all the whaling gear were lost, the whale made off.
-
-Boylike, I fancied that all whales on this ground must be very
-fierce. If I had any fear, it was only for a moment, for I was
-anxious to hear the glad cry from aloft and to be ordered to the
-boat. Just a week from the day when we reached the ground came the
-welcome announcement, and all the boats were lowered. The whales
-were to the windward and pretty far off. Lustily we pulled, but as
-it happened the other boats led. There is sometimes luck or chance
-in the pursuit of whales, and so it was with us. A whale made a kind
-of detour and gave us a splendid advantage. We approached the
-creature in very much the same way as we had formerly approached the
-whale we had lost. The boat-steerer threw both irons successfully
-and we got out of the suds and avoided the awful sweep of the great
-flukes. The whale sounded, and the warp passed out quickly but not
-so fast as to draw the boat’s stem very near to the surface. At last
-the line slacked, and we were ordered to haul in, hand over hand. As
-we did so, the line was coiled in a wide heap in the stern sheets,
-as in the wet state it would not lie very close. When the whale
-reappeared we were ordered to take the oars, and, when we reached
-the great black object, Lakeum drove the lance between the third and
-fourth ribs into his vitals. We pulled away, and the monster began
-to thrash like an animal in a fit; the water was crimson, and jets
-of blood at least six feet high leaped from the spout hole. They
-gradually diminished until the blood merely oozed from it. The whale
-made a final breach, fell on his side with a fearful splash and lay
-dead in his own blood and a lather of foam. Then came the cry, “Fin
-out!” Lakeum ran the lance into the whale’s eye, to make sure he was
-dead, and then the tow-line was made fast to a slit cut in the spout
-hole. Here let me say that the whales we captured didn’t all die in
-the same way. I remember one whale whose head rose and fell in the
-last struggle, while the flukes beat the water rapidly and
-vigorously. I remember more than one whale that performed the
-“flurry,” that is, swam for a few minutes in a circle, to the peril
-of the men in the boat—that is, “milled”—and then rolled on his
-side, dead.
-
-The whale we had just killed did, before death, what sperm whales
-nearly always do. He threw up the contents of his stomach,
-consisting of pieces of cuttlefish. As I looked at the monster, I
-thought of the saying of Melville, quoted wherever whaling was
-carried on, and likely to be quoted so long as any one cares for the
-story of the enterprise, “A dead whale or a stove boat.”
-
-Another boat at some distance was also fast to a whale. There were
-no other whales in sight. If there had been, Lakeum would have
-“waifed” our whale—that is, planted in his body a barbed iron rod
-bearing a flag. We were now to tow our whale to the ship—no easy
-task, even in calm weather. The first step was to pass a chain
-around what they call the “small” at the root of the tail. One of
-the old hands, with a rope around his waist, climbed on to the
-slippery object and, with some difficulty, got a line around the
-“small” and thus enabled the men to secure the flukechain. We set
-the sail and we used the oars, too. The ship, which had worked to
-windward, bore down on us and lessened the distance. We got to the
-ship before the other boat referred to. They were all ready for
-us—cutting-fall, spades and cutting-stage. The last named was a
-plank platform which reached beyond the carcass and just over the
-surface. Now it is to be remembered that there was only one boat on
-the starboard side, so that side was all clear from bow to gangway.
-The whale was secured by the fluke chains. The head was under the
-gangway and the tail was to the bow. The weather was good and so we
-“cut to windward”, that is, with the whale toward the wind. In this
-way the wind filling the sails counterbalanced to some extent the
-weight of the cutting-falls, and helped to keep the vessel on an
-even keel.
-
-Cutting-in required great skill. A bunch of blocks was secured
-above, through which a rope was passed and then carried to the
-windlass. The great, lower block, to which the blubber hook,
-weighing about a hundred pounds, was attached, was swung over the
-whale. Two men on the cutting-stage, provided with long spades, cut
-a hole in the body just above the nearer of the two side fins. A
-line in a half-circle was cut around the hole, and the hook was
-inserted. A little army of men singing their chantey began heaving
-at the windlass. Then the ship careened to the whale, a sharp sound
-was heard, the ship rolled backwards from the whale, and the tackle
-rose with a strip of blubber attached. The strain caused the whale
-to roll over in the water, and, as the blubber peeled off along the
-line called the “scarf”, it was hoisted higher and higher aloft till
-its upper end grazed the maintop. The men at the windlass ceased
-heaving and a harpooner with a long, keen weapon sliced out a hole
-in the lower part of the swaying mass. Into this hole the end of the
-second great tackle was hooked so as to retain a hold upon the
-blubber. Then he severed it completely, so that while the short,
-lower part was still fast, the long, upper strip, called the blanket
-piece, swung clear, and was all ready for lowering. The heavers
-renewed their chantey, and, while the one tackle was peeling and
-hoisting a second strip from the whale, the other was slowly
-slackened away, and down went the first strip through the main
-hatchway, right beneath, into the blubber room. This gloomy place
-was about thirty feet each way and between six and seven feet high.
-From a beam swung a lamp, which gave a dull light. Blanket pieces
-weighed a ton or more each, and, as they were coiled away, they
-looked like hideous serpents.
-
-While the floor of the blubber room was slippery at all times, it
-was particularly so when a heavy sea was on. Two men with
-short-handled spades hewed off blocks from the blanket pieces,
-called horse pieces, and pitched them up into a trough secured to
-the upper edge of the hatch. Then they were loaded into tubs and
-dragged away. The mincing of the horse pieces was performed at a
-wooden horse, placed endwise against bulwarks, the pieces falling
-into a tub.
-
-The beheading of the whale required skill similar to that involved
-in the treatment of the carcass. He had no neck, and, as a fact,
-where the neck might have been was the thickest part of him. It was
-necessary to cut deep into the flesh and divide the spine at the
-point where it was inserted into the skull, not an easy task, as the
-whale tossed and rolled in the sea. If the whale had been a small
-one, the head would have been hoisted on deck, but, as it was a
-large one, it was held against the ship’s side and partly out of the
-sea. The upper part of the head is called the “case.” A block was
-arranged so that it hung down from the yardarm, and a man dropped
-down to the head. A light tackle called a “whip” passed through the
-block. Then came the task of beheading the whale, which was no easy
-one.
-
-It is to be noted that the other boat which I have mentioned as fast
-to a whale succeeded in killing the creature—a cow—and towing her to
-the ship. She was secured astern to await the disposal of our
-cachalot. I have forgotten to say that while cutting in the first
-whale, the sea was full of sharks and the air thick with birds. This
-was not peculiar to our case, but was common wherever a sperm whale
-was cut in. Sharks! Sharks! Sharks! Squirming, darting, wiggling,
-showing their white bellies as they turned this way and that and
-displaying rows of huge teeth as they opened their hideous mouths.
-Their efforts to tear off pieces of blubber were not very
-successful, but the fact that they remained by the whale and showed
-no disposition to depart seemed to indicate that they knew that a
-treat awaited them when the carcass was to be cut from the ship and
-to drift away.
-
-“Isn’t there any danger from these creatures?” I asked Kreelman.
-
-“Not very much. A shark is an awful coward, unless he’s sure he’s
-got the better of you. I’ve seen one of ’em jump clean out of water
-to try to get a man on the whale’s back, but, instead of that, a man
-on deck got the shark with a spade, and, as he fell back in the
-water with the blood flowing, the other sharks got him. Now and then
-one of ’em will jump out of water and fall back among the others,
-not so much for exercise but to show how hungry he is. Then it isn’t
-always easy to get him with a spade, but I’ve seen it done.”
-
-The birds hovered about twenty feet above the carcass. They were of
-all varieties, sizes and colors. Their screaming and screeching were
-enough to drive one distracted. I had read of the wild pigeons, that
-flew in such great flocks a hundred years ago, that for a time they
-shut off the light of the sun, and, as I gazed at the winged
-vampires, I could not help thinking that a not very large increase
-in their numbers would serve the purpose of a dense cloud. Just then
-there was a great commotion in the water.
-
-A man holding a spade declared, “They always do that just before one
-of ’em jumps out. You can’t always get him, they’re so quick, but
-I’m goin’ to try if I get a chance.”
-
-Hardly were the words uttered when a huge shark leaped into the air,
-and the chance of which the spadesman spoke was an easy one, as it
-happened, for the shark rose to a considerable height and so turned
-his body as to present a good front for a spade. The man who had
-spoken drove the implement clear through the fellow, and, as he held
-the handle fast, the great weight of the body detached the spade,
-and out gushed the blood as the shark fell back into the sea. If
-there was commotion before, there was turmoil now, and, as the
-sharks devoured their unfortunate companion, the water was red with
-blood. The birds came lower and increased their shrieking. The awful
-scene was not soon to be forgotten.
-
-The “case” was full of pure spermaceti and constituted nearly half
-the head. In a large whale the case contained nearly three tons of
-spermaceti. This is the way our case was baled out. A bucket was
-attached to one end of the whip, and the other end was held by a
-couple of hands on deck. These hoisted the bucket. The spermaceti
-bubbled like new milk and was emptied into a large tub.
-
-After the blubber was stripped from the body and the contents were
-removed from the head, these members drifted away, and, to the
-relief of everybody, the sharks and birds followed the carcass. And
-now the ship was reeking with oil and grease—a fitting preparation
-for starting the try-works. The relief spoken of was only temporary,
-for the cow whale took the place just vacated, and the air was again
-thick with birds and the sea filled with sharks.
-
-And what was the reward for all our labor? The whales were first
-sighted by the Gay Head Indian, and, as our whale yielded sixty
-barrels, the Indian received five dollars. As for the crew, we were
-given a great treat. Our customary food was, of course, lobscouse,
-but now to it was added, at supper, a limited supply of gingerbread.
-That was all. But now trouble arose over a garment. The boatsteerer
-who struck the cow whale asked for a flannel shirt, and most of us
-heard the discussion between him and the captain.
-
-“Why do you want a flannel shirt?”
-
-“Ain’t I entitled to it, sir?”
-
-“Why?”
-
-“I struck the cow.”
-
-“What if you did? I ain’t offered any prize for striking or killing
-a whale. Only the Gay Header is entitled to a prize and he’s got it,
-because he sighted the whales, and the first one made over fifty
-barrels.”
-
-“Well, it seems to me that when whale is sighted and there’s a pod
-of them, that after the mastheader gets his prize of five dollars
-for the first whale captured, the boat-steerers of the other boats,
-who strike whales that are captured, ought to get a flannel shirt
-each.”
-
-“Yes,” said the captain scornfully, “and then the boat-steerer who
-struck the first whale captured wouldn’t get anything at all.”
-
-This observation pretty effectually disposed of the boat-steerer’s
-argument. But the men did not allow the discussion to die. A few
-days after, when the oil from the two whales had been stowed down,
-some of the crew took the matter up in the second dogwatch, and
-showed real intelligence in the presentation of their views. The
-boat-steerer’s contention met with no favor. The general view was
-that the capture of every whale in reality justified the bestowal of
-five dollars or a flannel shirt upon the mastheader and that, even
-if four or five whales were taken from one pod, he was entitled to
-all the prizes. This was, of course, liberal interpretation. The
-incident seems to us now unimportant, but I recall how, as a boy, I
-listened to the debate, how deeply interested the men were in the
-discussion, and how it ended with the remark of one of them, that it
-didn’t make any difference what they thought on the matter, as the
-captain was likely to save all the money and shirts that he could.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER VI
-
- TRYING-OUT AND ROUNDING THE HORN.
-
-
-And now came the trying-out. The try-works were placed between the
-foremast and mainmast. The timbers underneath were of great strength
-and capable of sustaining a mass of brick and mortar. They were some
-ten feet square and five in height and were secured to the deck by
-heavy knees of iron. The try-works were covered by a hatchway, on
-removing which two great try-pots appeared. When not in use they
-were kept clean by an application of soapstone and sand. The
-furnaces under the try-pots were furnished with heavy iron doors.
-Under the enclosed surface was a reservoir which was supplied with
-water as evaporation went on.
-
-The first fire in the try-works was started with wood, but, after
-the oil was tried out, the pieces, called scraps or fritters, served
-as substitutes. Thus the whale supplied his own fuel. The horse
-pieces had to be minced, and the clank, clank of the mincing machine
-was constantly heard. At night the sight was a novel one. As the
-blubber was thrown into the heated pots, the flames leaped out of
-the doors, the smoke rolled away in great volumes, the oil pitched
-with the pitching of the vessel and the smutched faces of the watch
-made the scene all the more gloomy. Was there ever a whaler that
-didn’t have plenty of cockroaches? If so, ours was not one. As the
-heat increased, out came the little fellows and ran about in search
-of new abodes.
-
-The work at night was carried on under the glare of blazing
-cressets, called bug lights, hung from the davit heads. These
-cressets were supplied with the scraps taken out of the boiling oil.
-The light they gave could be seen for a long distance, and, though
-we had not seen a sail that day, the light that night brought a
-vessel to us. She came very near and wanted to know if we were on
-fire and needed help. She was a merchant vessel bound for New York,
-and, as she went on her way, the pleasant incident made us feel
-grateful and put new vigor into our work. The deck was so slippery
-from oil and blood that at times it was difficult to keep on one’s
-feet. The boiling watch lasted six hours and, when it ended, the
-released men presented a sorry sight with their dirty, cold and
-clammy clothes and their faces showing such intense fatigue. As they
-went to their rest, choking with smoke and carrying a sooty deposit
-in their nostrils, they were happy in the thought that there was no
-longer occasion for harsh language among the men and still harsher
-commands of the mates. And yet I should modify this statement, for
-the work was not one of continuous hardship, for at times we made a
-show of merriment by nibbling bits of fried blubber and frying
-doughnuts in the grease. Later in the voyage we dipped biscuit in
-salt water, heaved them into a strainer and boiled them in the oil;
-also with the help of the steward, we made fritters of the brains of
-the whale, mixed with flour, and cooked them.
-
-The hot oil was strained into a large copper cooler, where it
-settled, and was then poured into casks—not always an easy task
-while the vessel pitched and rolled. The barrels were coopered, the
-hatches removed, and the barrels lowered into the hold. The casks
-were of various sizes, some of them containing three hundred gallons
-or more. When the oil was all stowed down, came the clearing up.
-Crude sperm oil, which was of a golden tint, and lye made from the
-burned scraps were excellent for cleaning. Soon deck and rigging
-were as orderly and presentable as if the whaler were a regular
-merchantman. The two whales yielded sixty and thirty barrels and the
-work of trying-out went on without a rest for three days and nights.
-
-We were now getting south, and we were told by the old hands that it
-was probable that we should see few whales before rounding Cape
-Horn. No one yet had made any demand on the slop chest and, as the
-clothes of some of the men were getting a little worn, the crew
-began to make use of needle and thread. It used to be said that a
-whaleman could be told by his patches, and we had proof of it in the
-work of some of the men. My clothes were in good condition and,
-while my mother had taught me to sew and to patch a little, I was
-glad that I was not one of the first ones to attempt repairing. I
-watched the others, and I found it hard to repress a smile as the
-good-natured blunderers plied needle and thread. One man patched a
-dirty, dark garment with a piece of white cloth. Another attempted
-to sew on a button by carrying the thread over the side or edge. A
-third put an old jacket inside of another, sewed them together and
-patched the openings. He said that he did this in order to have
-something warm to wear when going round the Horn.
-
-I have said that the men were kept busy on a whaler. Yet life was
-not all labor and peril. There were times when the sailors were
-allowed to engage in “scrimshawing”, that is, carving and decorating
-sperm whale’s teeth and bones. Jawbones of the whale were towed
-astern so that they might bleach to a dazzling whiteness. The lower
-jaw was lashed down to ring bolts, the gums were lanced with a
-cutting spade, and the teeth were drawn out by a tackle rigged from
-above. They were then pickled in barrels of strong brine. Another
-way was to leave the lower jaw on deck until the gums rotted and
-released the teeth. A few whalemen had delicate tools with which
-they carved out sketches of whales and whaling scenes on sperm
-whale’s teeth, but most of the work was done with crude tools and
-sometimes with a jack knife alone. In using pieces of the jawbone,
-the whalemen seemed to favor “jagging wheels”, so popular for
-crimping purposes. They were probably thinking of the pies they had
-enjoyed in their distant homes. The best collection, probably, in
-the world, of these curious and now valuable articles, will be found
-in the rooms of the Old Dartmouth Historical Society of New Bedford.
-
-We were now off the Falkland Islands, when a sail was sighted. The
-lookout announced that she was a whaler. He knew that, of course, by
-the boats she carried. Word was given to write letters for home as
-quickly as possible. It was evident that the approaching vessel
-desired to “gam” because she was bound home and wanted to learn the
-latest news. The social feature of whaling was gamming—that is, the
-ships exchanged visits by boats’ crews, the two captains remaining
-for the time on one ship, and the two first officers on the other.
-Another method as well was to let part of the crew of one ship visit
-the other, and, while the captains and officers were in the cabin,
-the men gathered forward, chummed, smoked poor tobacco, sang songs,
-danced to the notes of a battered accordion, played games, and,
-perhaps, listened to the yarn of some good story-teller.
-
-The vessel we were interested in proved to be the _Billow_ of New
-Bedford. The captain with a boat’s crew boarded us. They were bound
-home after a four years’ voyage, with a good cargo of sperm, and had
-heard nothing from New Bedford for nearly a year. As we had been out
-a considerable period, there was little or nothing to communicate,
-but the visit did everybody good and, as the boat returned, we gave
-them a lusty cheer.
-
-This very day, as there came a lull in some work I was doing for
-Lakeum, he said, “Where are we now, Bleechly?”
-
-“Off the Falkland Islands.”
-
-“What’s on the starboard side?”
-
-“The Strait of Magellan.”
-
-“Who was Magellan?”
-
-“A great navigator.”
-
-“When did he discover the Strait?”
-
-“I think in 1520.”
-
-“Did he go through?”
-
-“Yes, but he had an awful time of it.”
-
-“How did you learn these things?”
-
-“Read them up.”
-
-Lakeum continued, “Now, Bleechly, you know how it has quite often
-happened that, when a sperm whale has been struck, the line has
-parted and years afterwards the same whale has been taken at a place
-far distant from the place of the first encounter. Let me give you a
-real case. I am told that just about where we are now, many years
-ago a boat of the bark _Resolute_ of New Bedford, belonging to the
-whaling firm of Justin &amp; Davidson, struck a sperm. He was a big
-fellow and put up a great fight. They had to cut the line, and he
-went off with the harpoon in him. Several years afterward, the same
-vessel, at a spot in the Indian Ocean seven thousand miles away,
-captured the same whale and cut out the harpoon in him. When they
-had cleaned it they found the imprint, Justin & Davidson.
-
-“How did the whale get to the place where they found him?”
-
-Lakeum, who, as I have said, was a man of good education, delighted
-occasionally to ask questions with a view of testing my knowledge,
-and in this case the location of our vessel suggested the questions
-themselves. I had been so successful in responding to his queries
-about the Strait of Magellan that I did not want to fail in this
-second exercise. I set out to say that the whale swam to the Pacific
-Ocean, but was restrained by the thought that Lakeum was in earnest
-and that the remark would be regarded as impertinent.
-
-“Think it over and let me know in half an hour.”
-
-I could have gone to Kreelman, but to solicit his help would not
-have been fair. It occurred to me to think over the habits of
-whales, and immediately the whole thing was perfectly clear.
-
-“Can you answer the question?” said Lakeum, later.
-
-“I think so. The whale made the Indian Ocean by way of the Cape of
-Good Hope.”
-
-“Why?”
-
-“For two reasons. He didn’t go by the Strait of Magellan because the
-sperm hates soundings, and he didn’t go round the Horn because the
-water was too cold.”
-
-“Go to the head of the class,” was Lakeum’s remark as he walked
-away.
-
-These little manifestations of interest in me were particularly
-pleasing, and assured me that I had, in this fair and just but
-rather mysterious man, a true friend.
-
-And now the weather became more disagreeable and the ocean more
-boisterous. The men put on their warmest garments, and the dread of
-the passage of the Horn was relieved a little by the thought that
-with favorable weather we should catch a glimpse of the Magellan
-Clouds and the Southern Cross. And sure enough we did. The Magellan
-Clouds are nebulæ in the southern part of the heavens—that is, they
-constitute a beautiful, bright patch in the sky far different from
-anything I have ever before seen; but the Southern Cross impressed
-me even more. It is a small constellation of four chief stars
-forming a cross. The brightest star is the southernmost. The stars
-are white except the northernmost, which is of an orange color. The
-constellation looked to me more like a kite than a cross.
-
-Though the weather was severe, the old hands said that we were
-making an excellent passage and the chances were that we would soon
-find ourselves in the Pacific Ocean. It was the severest weather I
-had yet seen, and I thought that, if the passage were an excellent
-one, I certainly did not care to see a rigorous one. The prediction
-that we would soon find ourselves in the Pacific did not turn true.
-We were nearly round the Horn when we met with awful weather. There
-were sleet and a head wind for ten days. During this time we just
-held our own. To add to our discomfort, the cook found it difficult
-to run the galley, and our food was poor and there was not much of
-it. The distress and misery were shown in every face, and the only
-cheer came with the announcement that the captain had decided that,
-if the weather didn’t change for the better on the following day, he
-was going to turn about and make the Pacific the other way.
-
-“That’s a good many thousand miles,” said Kreelman, “but he won’t
-make the Pacific that way. He’ll make it as we are headed now.”
-
-“What makes you think so?” I inquired.
-
-“You’ve got some book larnin’, Fancy Chest, but you don’t know
-everythin’. Did you ever see the moon? I haven’t been to sea for
-years for nothin’. Well, the moon changes to-morrow in the
-afternoon. About two o’clock you’ll see the sea go down and the wind
-shift too, and we’ll go ahead and round into the Pacific
-a-swimmin’.”
-
-“Do you think the moon affects the weather that way?”
-
-Kreelman gave me a look of scorn and contempt, and, without
-answering, walked away.
-
-The night was the wildest we had known, and the morning broke with
-disheartening prospects. During the rest of the voyage I never saw
-such an angry sea or knew such a dreadful storm. As noon approached
-the waves began to go down and the wind to subside. By two o’clock
-the weather was fair, and the wind had shifted in our favor. Every
-one was contented except Kreelman. His discontent related only to
-me; for, as he passed me on the deck, he gave me a withering look.
-The next day Kreelman was more genial, and I thought I would see if
-he was approachable. I observed:
-
-“I studied up the Pacific some before leaving home, and I suppose
-that we are now going to whale it off the coast, and then farther
-west on the Offshore Ground.”
-
-All he said was, “Water and fresh stuff.”
-
-This was a puzzle. I didn’t want to betray my ignorance, and, while
-the man had been helpful to me in many ways, I didn’t warm up to him
-very much when he was in the wrong mood. I determined to find out
-what he meant, if I could, from another source.
-
-I have said little or nothing about our single Kanaka. He was of the
-color of his race—not very dark—a good sailor, good-natured, lusty
-and diligent. He had shipped on his first voyage at Honolulu and had
-seen something of the world—more particularly of the world of water.
-Born in a sunny clime, he did not like cold weather, and he had
-suffered greatly in rounding the Horn. He had picked up considerable
-knowledge from observation and experience, and he had what people
-call in common language “horse sense.” In the second dogwatch I went
-up to him and said:
-
-“Ohoo, I suppose that we are going whaling now.”
-
-“Whale as you go, but I tink cap’n, he go get to drink and eat.”
-
-“What do you mean by that, Ohoo?”
-
-“Me tell. No good water, old stuff to eat.”
-
-“In other words, Ohoo, the captain wants fresh water for us all and
-fresh things to eat, and he’s going to stop at some island to get
-these things.”
-
-My inference was right.
-
-“Dat it.”
-
-“What island do you think?”
-
-“Me dunno, but me tink Quesas.”
-
-I wondered where Quesas was. I had taken great interest in geography
-at school, because, I suppose, of my fondness for the sea. I knew
-that the Pacific was studded with islands, but I could not recall
-any island of that name.
-
-Ohoo resumed, “Me dunno as me call him right, but not all Quesas; he
-not all Quesas, he somethin’ before dat.”
-
-Then it came to me.
-
-“Is the name Marquesas?”
-
-“Dat him, dat him.”
-
-“Do you know about these islands, Ohoo; for there are more than
-one?”
-
-Then he told me the names of two of them. I could not understand his
-pronunciation, but the real names I learned later. Nukahiva he
-called Newkeva, and Roa Pona he called Row Pew.
-
-“Newkeva be fine place—plenty good water, plenty everytin’ else. Row
-Pew, he fine place, but me no like him. Long ’go dey take Kanaka and
-eat him.”
-
-“Cannibals?” I inquired.
-
-“Me no know canny bells. Me know all ship bells.”
-
-It was all clear now. The drinking water was almost unendurable, and
-every one from the captain down was longing for fresh food. There
-was no sign of scurvy, but scurvy might at any time appear. The
-Kanaka’s guess seemed reasonable, and the thought of having a drink
-of good water once more and a sufficiency of fruit and vegetables,
-as well as other things, was as pleasurable as the feeling that for
-once I had the opportunity of getting the better of Kreelman. The
-next morning I said to him:
-
-“I say, Mr. Kreelman, shall we take on our recruits at Nukahiva or
-Roa Pona?”
-
-I put an accent on “Mr.” and I spoke in a tone which indicated
-confidence in the statement.
-
-“Who told you that we are goin’ to stop at them places—Lakeum or the
-captain?”
-
-“Neither of them. The captain hasn’t spoken to me but once since we
-sailed, and then he told me to get out of the way. Lakeum’s talked
-with me some, but he’s never mentioned stopping anywhere for
-recruits. You’ve been long enough at sea to know that captain and
-officers don’t hobnob much with us common sailors.”
-
-“Look here, young fellow, don’t you get smart with me. I’m as good
-as anybody. Now I want to know who told you that we are goin’ to
-recruit at the Marquesas.”
-
-“I keep my own secrets, Mr. Kreelman.”
-
-I permitted a little bit of a smile to come to my countenance, and,
-as I walked away, I felt that Kreelman, although really a friend to
-me, was as curious as any old busybody, and I resolved not to
-furnish him with the information he desired.
-
-Within a week we struck and killed two sperm whales, which stowed
-down about a hundred barrels. There was nothing unusual in their
-capture, and the incidents attending cutting-in, trying-out and
-stowing down were similar to those we had already experienced.
-
-Now came an interesting episode, its first occurrence, but to be
-repeated frequently during the rest of the voyage. Three men wanted
-things out of the slop chest. I supposed that that chest was an
-enormous affair, several times the size of a huge trunk—an article
-of superior finish like mine, only three or four times larger. I
-found out that the slop chest was only a figure of speech and that
-there was no real chest at all. The clothing and other articles were
-put in large casks, which later were to be filled with oil, and were
-only taken out as they were called for. On this occasion the men
-wanted light shirts. So the carpenter, who had charge of the
-business, brought up an armful of cheap shirts for the men to make
-the selection. The garments were of different sizes. As a man held
-one of them against his body, to determine the fit, a button fell
-off. There was a general laugh. Some one called out, “They charge
-for these shirts twice what they are worth, so they’ll make a
-deduction of five cents for the button.” The laugh was renewed and
-the carpenter endeavored to repress it. The appearance of the
-captain was followed by silence. The carpenter gave the name of each
-man and the garment selected, and the captain made entries in a
-book. As far as I could see, the men didn’t have much to say about
-the price of the articles, and after making the entries the captain
-did not announce them or, if he did, it was in a low tone. Resort to
-the slop chest was more frequent later, but it ceased to be of
-interest save to the participants.
-
-I knew little, practically, about navigation, but I could tell
-something by the sun, and I was sure that we were bound for the
-Marquesas Islands. One morning no one was ordered aloft. This was
-the first day since our departure when the crow’s nest was not
-occupied.
-
-The Kanaka said to me, “Me know what up. See land soon.”
-
-The prediction was realized, for within an hour came the glad
-cry,—“Land ho!”
-
-It was now April, 1860, and, with the exception of the bleak and
-barren coast of Terra del Fuego, this was the first land we had seen
-since leaving Pico, and, in all this time, we had not had a case of
-scurvy or any kind of sickness, and hence an unopened medicine
-chest.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER VII
-
- RECRUITING AND SHORE LEAVE
-
-
-Otaheite, generally called Tahiti, was originally the garden of the
-world. After the white man came there were great changes, but not
-for the better. The soil remained as fertile as before and fruits
-and flowers were just as abundant, but the natives lost the charm of
-simplicity and innocence, and many of them imitated or adopted the
-bad traits and habits of the whites. A similar misfortune befell
-Nukahiva, so we were informed that we were not going into the
-harbor, but were to get water at a place on the island some distance
-from the settlement. The captain, we were told, was familiar with
-the spot, as he had been there before. The men had been looking
-forward to shore leave, and there was much disappointment, but the
-privilege of going ashore to fill the casks with water, even in an
-uninhabited country, was something. Just think of it—to walk once
-more on the earth after all these months of virtual imprisonment in
-a whaling vessel!
-
-I heard the captain say to Lakeum, as we approached the shore, “Good
-anchorage and deep water, and, when the men get ashore, quick work,
-too.” Hardly had the anchor touched bottom when the casks were
-lowered, and certain men were picked to man two boats; I was happy
-in being one of them.
-
-“They don’t want no deserters here,” I heard an old hand say.
-
-The pull was a short one. We landed at a beautiful spot and there,
-before us, was an expanse of tropical splendors. How nice it was to
-feel earth beneath one’s feet once more.
-
-“You don’t have to bail and fill here,” said Lakeum.
-
-This was the expression of a fact we were all aware of, for down an
-elevation only a few feet from the shore poured a bounteous stream
-of water. When the casks were landed, came the order “Let every man
-drink all he wants.” We drank as animals drink, with our faces to
-the stream. Oh! What luxury! It seemed as if we never could get our
-fill, but the word came, “Better stop now and drink again after the
-casks are filled.” A canvas hose with a square mouth was
-forthcoming, and in less than an hour the casks were filled and
-bunged up by the carpenter. Then we drank again to our hearts’
-content. We were soon on ship, the casks were raised, the windlass
-was started, the ship took the wind and away we went. The men who
-had been compelled to remain on the ship were alternately noisy and
-sullen. We who had been permitted to land were equally discontented,
-for our brief taste of this tropical paradise only made us long for
-more. We fancied that we were now to seek the “Offshore Ground,” and
-that it would be many months before we would see land again. A
-pleasant surprise was in store for us.
-
-The following day was so beautiful as to be beyond my powers to
-describe. We had a fair wind, and the air was not excessively warm.
-I think we all felt rather indifferent, and the recollection of the
-spot we had left the day before did not quicken our energies. In the
-afternoon the crew were called aft. Captain Gamans stood with hands
-in his pockets, and we knew that he was about to address us. Was he
-to upbraid us for something we had done? That seemed improbable. Was
-he to convey to us bad or good news? We were anxious to know. The
-captain took the pipe out of his mouth and spoke as follows:
-
-“You men know that just so often you must have a supply of fresh
-water and a change of food. We’ve got the water, and now we are
-going to get the food. The owner put aboard of this vessel a lot of
-cotton cloth, fancy prints, shoes, fishhooks, axes, hatchets, pipes,
-bar soap and a lot of other things for trade. Now you see if you go
-into port like Nukahiva, where the natives have become what you call
-civilized, there’s no barter but money, and you pay a good deal more
-for things than they are worth. If you trade with the natives where
-there’s no money, and they ain’t been civilized, you can get a lot
-of recruits for a mere song. That’s what we are going to do. We are
-bound for Roa Pona, and we’ll be there to-morrow. After the trading
-is all done, there’s going to be shore leave for everybody. I have
-been there before and it’s a good place to trade, but it’s just as
-well to keep your eyes open. About twenty years ago a whaler went in
-there to trade and took on board a native as hostage and left on
-shore a Kanaka, a foremast hand, as the other hostage. In the night
-the natives killed the Kanaka and roasted and ate him. So now, in
-trading, ships take a native hostage, but they don’t give one. The
-trading is done in and from boats, and it’s slow work and takes half
-a day. The second day’s when you have shore leave, and you can take
-ashore what trinkets and odds and ends you have, if you want to, and
-trade with the women for the things they make. You may want to take
-some of these things home with you to give to your folks.
-
-“Now there’s one thing more. When I was here, before, there was a
-beach comber on this island named Pete Ellyon. He’s a deserter from
-a New Bedford whaler and acts as a kind of trader and interpreter.
-He’s meaner and lower than the meanest and lowest native, and you’d
-better look out for him. You can’t offer a sailor a greater insult
-than to call him a beach comber. This man Ellyon’s folks are pretty
-decent people, and he’s had some education, but he’s a renegade.”
-
-There is no need of saying that the address afforded us great
-satisfaction. Early the next morning land was sighted, and a
-favorable wind soon brought us within a mile of the shore. A
-curious-looking boat, containing three natives, approached. It was
-curious in that it had so little beam and was so light and fragile.
-It was built for speed and not for carrying merchandise. One of the
-men boarded our vessel, and from signs he made and from his familiar
-air, we knew that he offered himself as hostage and that he had
-already served in that capacity. His dress consisted of a cloth
-around the loins and a broad-brimmed straw hat. He was brown-skinned
-and his arms were tattooed.
-
-Soon we saw boats leaving the shore, and we dropped our boats to
-meet them. All the articles and fittings which a whaleboat carries
-were taken out of two of our boats, and what little trade we took
-(and we didn’t take much) was placed in one of them. Each was towed
-by a whaleboat, one of which was in charge of the captain and the
-other of Lakeum. The meeting was about half a mile from the shore.
-The sea was remarkably calm. While the boats of the South Sea
-islanders are generally not made for commercial purposes, the two
-which approached were exceptions. They were large, clumsy affairs,
-each propelled by two men, and in one of them was a white man with a
-scraggly beard and a repulsive countenance. He wore a tattered straw
-hat, rusty trousers and an old dirty shirt. There was no need of an
-introduction. We knew that he was Pete Ellyon. Our own captain did
-not even deign to address him. In one of these boats were yams which
-resembled potatoes, some of which weighed from twelve to fifteen
-pounds, tarrows, which resembled turnips, oranges, bananas,
-breadfruit, coconuts and other vegetables and fruits, and in the
-other boat goats, pigs and fowl. The trading went on slowly.
-Bargains were made largely by signs, Ellyon serving as a hindrance;
-for as he spoke both English and the local jargon, he constantly
-interrupted the proceedings and always, of course, in the interests
-of the islanders. It took the whole morning to transfer the entire
-merchandise to our boats, and I was astounded to see how little of
-our own trade we parted with. I remember particularly two
-transactions greatly to our advantage—one in which the captain gave
-a small hatchet for about five bushels of oranges and a dozen
-bunches of bananas, and the other, in which he traded three yards of
-cotton cloth for a large pig.
-
-When we reached the ship, the bananas were suspended from the lower
-rigging, the fruit and vegetables were deposited in the two spare
-boats which were turned over for that purpose, and goats, pigs and
-fowl were taken care of forward.
-
-“Them live things will go faster than the vegetables and fruit,”
-said one of the men.
-
-And now we put for the open sea. When the hostage was aware of it he
-gave a shriek and started to jump overboard. Lakeum and Silva
-grabbed him, and he was soon in the place reserved for men who are
-put in irons. The crew were excited and almost mutinous, for they
-had a double grievance: they felt that they were to be deprived of
-shore leave and that the poor hostage was to be carried away as a
-captive. The whole matter was soon explained. Now that the trading
-was over the captain feared that the hostage, if not restrained,
-would jump overboard and swim ashore, and he wanted to retain him
-until after the men had had shore leave on the following day. The
-vessel was merely to move about on short tacks during the night.
-
-The morning was one of the loveliest I ever saw. The sun rose
-without a cloud, and the water seemed tinged with gold. The Kanaka
-and three other men declined the general invitation to go ashore and
-they and the captain served as shipkeepers. The Kanaka said, with
-great emphasis, “Me stay here; dey get no chance to eat me.” Most of
-the crew had articles or trinkets, and I took with me about a third
-of the cotton cloth my father had given me. The captain said that,
-if the women and children were gathered on the beach, there was
-little to fear.
-
-On our arrival there they were, and the only man with them was Pete
-Ellyon. Just up the beach was rich, thick foliage, and an apparently
-dense forest beyond. I heard Kreelman say, “This looks kind of
-suspicious. That vile beach comber is the only man here, and it
-wouldn’t surprise me if there was a gang of natives up there in the
-bushes.” The women were fine-looking, wholesome creatures and, when
-they smiled, they showed beautiful, dazzling teeth. The boys and
-girls seemed rather shy at first; they were well-shaped and pictures
-of health. There was a remarkable display of articles for
-trade—necklaces and bracelets made from richly tinted shells joined
-together by a kind of thread about like silk and made, I suppose,
-from some plant or vine, and an abundance of other fancy articles
-which one would think beyond the conception of savages. However,
-these people were plainly superior to the ordinary South Sea
-islanders. There were beautiful little mats and baskets made of
-tapa, which is the bark of the paper mulberry, and there was a lot
-of clubs, spears and paddles with wonderful carvings made with
-sharks’ teeth or bits of shells. As the trading went on, Ellyon was
-particularly pleasant and gracious. He would say, “Don’t let them
-cheat you;” “Offer the woman half as much cloth as she asks for”;
-“These young ones round here are regular thieves; look out for ’em.”
-At first I wondered why this change from yesterday and then began to
-suspect that he had some sinister purpose. When the business was
-over, I was no longer the possessor of the cotton cloth, but
-rejoiced in the ownership of a number of articles which I proposed
-to take home to my mother, and of a spear, a paddle and a club,
-which I intended to show to my young friends and to preserve as
-mementos or trophies.
-
-“Now, boys,” said Ellyon, “Come up on the island and let me show you
-round. There’s no spot on the earth any finer than this. There’s
-fruit of all kinds and plenty of shady places where you can lay down
-and rest.”
-
-We all wanted to go, but there was no response, not even a word of
-thanks on our part. Most of us suspected treachery. We had no
-firearms and, in case of ambush, we would be defenceless. On first
-seeing Ellyon, the day before, and listening to his babbling while
-the trading was going on, I would have said that it was impossible
-for so repulsive a creature to be so polite as he now was.
-
-“Come, boys, come,” he repeated, “I don’t suppose you’ve had shore
-leave before on this voyage, and now make the most of it. Where are
-you bound to, ‘Offshore Ground’ or ‘Coast of Japan’ before you go to
-the Arctic? I take it you’re goin’ to the Arctic. There’s nothin’
-like terra cotta for a man whose been treadin’ wood at sea for eight
-or ten months. We gentlemen, who live in these Pacific Ocean islands
-in order to spread civilization, are only too glad to entertain our
-guests from the homeland. Come along to my lodge up on the high
-land.”
-
-The captain had said that Ellyon had had some advantages, but the
-reference to terra cotta drew a smile from one at least of the crew.
-I think he saw it, for his expression changed. Then in a moment he
-was pleasant again, and insistent that we should accept his
-hospitality. It was now time for our good manners, so we thanked him
-cordially and pleaded our excuses. One man had not walked any
-distance for so long that he had almost forgotten the use of his
-limbs; another preferred to rest by the sea and simply enjoy the
-beautiful prospect; a third was so exhausted from rowing that he was
-incapable of further effort, and so on. The beach comber now played
-his last card. “Shipmates,” he declared, “there’s a lot of rum up in
-my place. I can’t bring it down here, but, if you want to go up
-there with me, you shall have all you want of it.”
-
-Most of the men became greatly interested. No grog had been served
-during the voyage, and the very word “rum” had a pleasant sound.
-
-“You see, shipmates,” the beach comber continued, “you folks at home
-don’t know what rum is. The rum you drink is made from molasses—that
-is, made second-hand. Did you ever hear of Jamaica rum, worth its
-weight in gold—the smartest drink on the other side of land that
-ever tickled the palate? And why, shipmates? Made from the cane
-first-hand, and not from molasses, second-hand. And how is it on
-this side of land? Right here on this lovely island is the finest
-rum that is made on any island in the Pacific. From what? The sugar
-cane. By whom? Peter Ellyon. I’ve got a still that beats the Dutch.
-Now come along with me and enjoy yourselves.”
-
-If safety had been assured I think most of the men would have
-accompanied him, but the old ship, which had been our home for so
-many months, now began to look more attractive than this garden
-spot. One of the crew, who during the voyage had bewailed his lot in
-being deprived of liquor, accepted the invitation cheerfully. We all
-stared at him, but there was no disposition to sound a warning in
-the presence of Ellyon.
-
-The two men walked up the beach to a little opening in the trees and
-disappeared. Our men were ordered to be ready to man the boats. I
-heard a man say, with a laugh, “He didn’t call himself Pete, but
-Peter. He’s pretty high-toned, even out here among savages.” Another
-man said in a very low tone, “What was Lakeum up to in not stoppin’
-that man from goin’? He’ll never come back, sure.”
-
-The women and children showed no disposition to go, and this seemed
-to indicate to me that, while our departed shipmate was rather
-imprudent, there was reason to believe that he would return. I was
-right. He did return and in a hurry. Suddenly there rang out a
-piercing shriek; the women and children disappeared, and out of the
-thicket sprang our shipmate, followed by Ellyon, and ran for us like
-a deer. Word came to push off, and into his place leaped the man as
-agile as a cat. The crews bent to the oars, and there on the beach
-stood our would-be entertainer, his face fairly livid with rage. He
-sent after us a torrent of vile language; strange to say, no natives
-appeared on the shore, and, as we widened the breach, the form of
-our late associate was still visible and still active, but the
-billingsgate language kept growing less and less distinct.
-
-[Illustration: Out of the thicket sprang our shipmate.]
-
-It was no time to learn the story of our shipmate’s adventure. When
-we reached the _Seabird_ our boat remained in the water while the
-other boats were raised. There was soon commotion on the deck, and
-the hostage appeared in the custody of a couple of the men. By sign
-and gesture he was ordered into our boat, and he complied. It was
-not a long haul to a spot suitable to dump him. Lakeum declared:
-
-“See here, hostage, there’s your friend on shore. He’s waiting for
-you and you’d better go overboard.”
-
-The hostage was indifferent. Lakeum smiled, and then imitated a man
-about to leap over. The hostage, who had rebelled when he thought
-the ship was bound out to sea, still seemed indisposed. Lakeum
-laughingly declared, “We will do what is usual under the
-circumstances.”
-
-Lakeum and another man seized the native and pitched him into the
-sea. There was nothing cruel in the performance. The sea was the
-man’s element, and he struck out in the direction of Ellyon as if he
-was going to rejoin an old companion.
-
-And now, what was the explanation of the adventure of our shipmate
-with the beach comber? It seems that Ellyon insisted on his
-companion taking the lead on the ground that he would have an
-unobstructed vision, and there was much that was beautiful to
-behold. The man, who, by the way, was not overburdened with
-intelligence, entertained no fear and complied. They had proceeded
-only a short distance when an enormous snake crossed the path, and,
-in order to avoid colliding with him our man stopped suddenly, and
-Ellyon, having no warning, ran into him with such force that Ellyon
-was thrown to the ground. As our man made all speed for the shore it
-was the enraged Ellyon who let out the shriek.
-
-Hence we knew that the vile language he showered on us as we pulled
-away was prompted by the mishap.
-
-In the second dogwatch the day’s doings were the theme of
-conversation. What was Ellyon’s purpose? Did he intend to lead the
-men to their death and then endeavor with the help of the natives to
-capture the ship? Or was he merely socially inclined and anxious
-after so long a separation from his own people to entertain us for
-the pleasure it afforded him? Something, of course, hinged on his
-alleged production of rum. If his story was true, there was some
-reason to credit him with good intentions; if untrue, it was evident
-that he had designs upon our lives and not upon our property, for we
-hadn’t any property. His story as to the rum was discredited by one
-of the men, who declared that all vegetation on the island was very
-rank, and that the rum made from cane which grew rankly was of poor
-quality.
-
-“That settles it,” said one of the old hands, who was something of a
-wit, “Ellyon never had any decent rum in his life, and this rank
-stuff he makes is as good as any he ever had. What he calls good rum
-we sailors would call slops. Judge the old renegade by himself. I
-don’t believe he meant no harm. The trouble is he got knocked down,
-and that made him angry.”
-
-Ohoo, who had been a listener, now observed, “Me no go in boat
-’cause fear trouble. Cap’n tell o’ Kanaka killed and eat on island
-long ’go. That Kanaka man my uncle. Beach comber, he bad man. Good
-luck for crew get back. Ship good ’nough for Ohoo.”
-
-As we broke up, Kreelman came to me and asked pleasantly, “How did
-you know, Fancy Chest, that we were goin’ to stop at the Marquesas?”
-
-“I guessed it from what Ohoo told me.”
-
-“What did he tell you?”
-
-I felt like saying that an old sailor may be very much like an old
-woman. However, I graciously told him of the inference I drew from
-Ohoo’s remarks.
-
-“Fancy Chest,” said Kreelman, “if you live long enough you’ll be a
-boat-steerer or a lawyer, I don’t know which.”
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER VIII
-
- THE PRIZE WHALE AND THE RESCUED BOAT
-
-
-I have said little about the cook, who was so kind to me the first
-morning at sea. He was always pleasant and obliging, and he used to
-say that he only regretted that he couldn’t prepare for me some nice
-little bits like those my mother used to cook for me at home. One
-day I said to him:
-
-“Why is it that you scrape out the plates so carefully and then put
-the scrapings into a big cask? Why don’t you throw them overboard?”
-
-“Because I’m a money getter. Don’t you know what slush is? Why, it’s
-the scrapings of the plates. I’ve heard it said that they use it on
-some ships to slush the masts with. Not on this vessel—worth too
-much. I put it in casks and there it stays till end of the voyage.
-It don’t rot, gets sweeter all the time. When voyage is over, sold
-to be made over, and out comes beautiful, rich lard. Goes to the
-best restaurants and brings big prices. I get my lay in the slush.”
-
-“I never heard of such a thing,” I declared.
-
-“I make out of it in another way,” he continued.
-
-“How’s that?”
-
-“Why, I scrape the plates so carefully that often they don’t need
-washin’; so I save labor.”
-
-All this was said seriously; and I have to say that I was not
-disturbed. I thought it a joke that the rich should regard as a
-luxury what we poor sailors discarded as worthless. And then I
-thought that, if the story had been told to me before I left my
-father’s roof, I should have been inclined to disbelieve it.
-
-The cook continued:
-
-“Now that we’ve got fresh stuff on board, let me tell you this. You
-know that the cabin gets the best, the steerage, where the under
-officers, boat-steerers and carpenter eat, next best, and the
-forecastle last. Nevertheless, you folks will get some of it, and
-I’ll do my best to make it taste right. Now let me tell you that in
-this warm weather the forecastle is no place to eat in, so I’ve
-asked Lakeum to let me serve the boys on deck, and he’s given his
-consent, and this will be done so long as the weather’s warm. After
-that back to the forecastle. You boys will sit on hatch and
-windlass, and I’ll serve the food in a new way. There’ll be two
-tubs, one of them called the meat kit, into which I’ll dump the
-boiled meat, and a second, without any name, into which I’ll dump
-the vegetables. Then every man will help himself. Coffee in the
-mornin’ and tea at night, I’ll serve in buckets. The fruit they let
-the boys have they can eat as they please, so long as it lasts.”
-
-The adoption of this new method seemed to cheer the men up. One
-advantage was that we were disposed to converse more than we did in
-the gloomy forecastle, and pleasantries were indulged in. The good
-manners noticeable in the forecastle were not discarded on deck.
-Food may not have been partaken of according to the requirements of
-polite society, but each had due regard for the rights of others,
-and there was no sign of greediness.
-
-I have said that I was not a great success at the masthead, and I
-repeat it. My vision may have been poor or I may not have had very
-good luck, but good fortune came in an unexpected way. A few days
-after leaving the island I stood in the hoop, looking out on a sea
-that was hardly moved by a ripple and on a sky that was clear of
-clouds. I think I have said that a whale will suddenly appear when
-for some time not a spout has been seen from the ship. The belief is
-that the whale must have sounded at a place a long way off and then
-made great speed under water. While I was scanning the horizon,
-suddenly my attention was attracted by a spout not more than two
-hundred yards away, and I shouted “B-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s.
-There he breaches! There he white waters.” I saw just enough of the
-whale to convince me that he was a large one.
-
-Silva’s boat was the first to take water, and that boat was the one
-which got him. When the whale was fast to the ship, Silva said, “I
-never see such a whale in my whalin’. He’s the biggest fellow I ever
-see; he’ll make a good deal over a hundred. When we struck him he
-didn’t seem to show no spunk. I never see a whale with such weak
-flukes. He didn’t make much more suds than a washwoman makes, and,
-when he sounded, it wa’n’t no more than a boy divin’. The line went
-out so slow that you’d think there was a child pullin’ at the other
-end, and we didn’t lose no more than eighty fathoms. And he ain’t no
-dry skin. His jaws is all perfect. He ain’t been fightin’ with no
-whale. There’s somethin’ the matter with the big fellow, but I don’t
-know as we’ll find out.”
-
-[Illustration: I shouted “B-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s. There he
-breaches!”]
-
-Turning to me, Silva said, “See here, young fellow, I guess you’ve
-got ahead of all the boys. Seems to me you’ll be sportin’ a gold
-watch when you get back to New Bedford.”
-
-One may fancy how pleased and elated I was. The whale was the
-largest we had taken, and it was possible that we might take one
-larger, but not very probable. The blubber peeled off in splendid
-strips and appeared rich in oil. The general opinion was that the
-whale would yield at least a hundred barrels, and one man’s estimate
-was a hundred and twenty.
-
-“I’ve sailed the seas most of my life and the largest sperm we ever
-took made a hundred and ten,” said one of the old sailors.
-
-When the blubber was stripped off and the head severed, the body
-rolled over; and then a man, who had a spade in his hand, uttered an
-exclamation.
-
-“What’s the matter?” some one asked.
-
-“What’s the matter? Look at that big bunch.” He pointed to a spot
-where the intestines were greatly swollen. “There’s something in
-there, sure. I don’t know what it is. I never see anything like that
-before.”
-
-“Well, I know what it is,” said Captain Gamans, who was passing.
-“Give me that spade and I’ll show you what it is, even though it’s
-the first time I ever saw anything of the kind.”
-
-The captain pressed with the spade, and the intestines opened and
-disclosed a large substance, which he declared to be ambergris.
-There was great excitement, and the buzzing reminded me of a
-gathering of gossipers. While deference, of course, had to be paid
-to the captain, yet every one had something to say about the
-preservation and uses of this strange and valuable secretion. The
-truth is, no one knew anything about ambergris, for a man might
-spend his life on a whaler without ever seeing a whale which carried
-a pound of the substance. The captain ordered a large tub to be
-brought. This was lowered, and a couple of sturdy Portuguese
-descended and lifted the mass into the receptacle. When it was
-landed on deck the buzzing was resumed as the inspection proceeded.
-Every one had to feel of it. It was hard and apparently perfectly
-formed.
-
-Now the truth was, the captain didn’t know any more about ambergris
-than the foremast hands. Addressing Lakeum, he said, “We shall have
-to take this stuff home with us, for it’s so valuable I wouldn’t
-dare ship it, and the question is how best to take care of it. I
-suppose the best thing to do is to put it in a small cask and head
-it up and then put the cask into a bigger one filled with water.
-This will tend to keep it cool and preserve it. What do you think?”
-
-“This is the first ambergris,” said Lakeum, “that I ever saw, and I
-confess that I don’t know how to treat it. What do you say if I ask
-the crew if any one of them knows anything about taking care of it?”
-
-The captain assented. Only one man responded to the inquiry. It was
-Kreelman.
-
-“I never was on a whaler that took any ambergris, but a man who was
-on the _Tiger_, which took a whale in 1848 which had a lump that
-weighed a hundred and fifty pounds, told me that they made a great
-mistake. He said that they kept it moist and it kind of spoiled, and
-he said that, if they had kept it dry, they would have got ten
-thousand dollars more for it than they did.”
-
-The captain said nothing, and the men were ordered to their tasks.
-His expression was not pleasant, for it was evident that he did not
-like a statement, apparently reliable, which ran counter to views he
-had just expressed. But it is a fact that the ambergris was kept dry
-during the remainder of the voyage. It took over three days and
-nights to cut-in, try-out and boil down our leviathan, and stow down
-the oil. Just before the figures were announced, there was a
-resumption of the guessing. The best guess was a hundred and nine
-barrels; the actual yield was one hundred and eleven barrels and
-four gallons. After the cleaning up, the whale and his product
-constituted the topic of conversation among the crew for a long
-time.
-
-In the social hour they made all manner of fun of me, or rather of
-the prospective watch. One said that the watch would prove to be
-second-hand; another that it wouldn’t go; a third that when it was
-wound the noise would be as loud as that made by the winding of a
-clock; and a fourth that watches of the kind were sold at five
-dollars the gross. They evidently endeavored to draw me out, but I
-was silent. Then they took up the ambergris and, in a serious way,
-began to discuss its value and uses. Several men thought that it was
-the perfume itself, but Kreelman insisted that it was the substance
-which prevented evaporation. Then tales were told of the fabulous
-sums which druggists had paid for the substance and more fabulous
-tales about the size and weight of various lumps of the article.
-Then some one asked:
-
-“Does Fancy Chest get the ambergris beside the watch?”
-
-One would think that such a foolish question would only have
-elicited a laugh; instead, it gave rise to an animated discussion.
-
-“If he does get both, he’ll be a kind of Crocus,” another declared.
-
-“And who was Crocus?”
-
-“He was a rich man—lived in New York—had more money than any other
-man in the world.”
-
-Though I was a boy, I had seen enough of my companions to know that
-any proffer of enlightenment would be resented; so I did not tell
-them that Croesus was intended.
-
-In answer to the first question, one of the men said, “This is the
-way I look at it. If sightin’ the biggest whale wins a prize, then
-the ambergris in it, which is so rarely found in whales, is a prize
-also and belongs to Fancy Chest.”
-
-The countenances of most of the men betrayed anxiety, but the
-expression changed and there was a roar of laughter when Ohoo said,
-“If Fancy Chest get watch and ambergris, den he get whole ting—de
-blubber, jaw bone and teeth. Why not? Dat ain’t no common sense.”
-
-The discussion now went on in a milder way and was quite prolonged.
-It ended with the emphatic statement of Kreelman:
-
-“Everybody, from captain down, has shipped on a lay. We all have our
-lay or share in the whale, and everything in him. If Fancy Chest
-shipped on one one-hundred-and-eightieth lay, that’s his part of the
-ambergris, and that’s all there is to it.”
-
-There was now general acquiescence, and I silently concurred.
-
-The next morning I was in the crow’s nest and the Gay Head Indian
-was, too.
-
-“I see somethin’,” he said.
-
-“Where?”
-
-“Off there on the weather bow.”
-
-I scanned the horizon earnestly and then asked, “What is it—a pod or
-a single whale?”
-
-“It ain’t no whale. Can’t you see it—just a faint little thing?”
-
-I regretted my defective vision. The Indian leaned forward, showing
-by his attitude and fixed look that he was intensely interested. I
-heard him mutter; and now I, too, was greatly interested. I fancied
-I could see a faint outline. The Indian renewed his muttering and
-suddenly broke out, “Boat ahoy!”
-
-Up came the captain’s voice, “Where away?”
-
-“Three points on the weather bow, sir. Looks like a whaleboat.”
-
-It was almost time for the Indian and myself to be relieved, but
-fortunately we remained aloft long enough for the Indian, at least,
-to make out the object and announce the situation.
-
-“Whaleboat, sure,” he said.
-
-By this time the object was plain to me and I was soon able to make
-out a boat. The Indian kept gazing intently and began muttering
-again. Before long he shouted for the captain’s information:
-
-“Only four men rowin’. Looks like one man hurt.”
-
-When we descended, we found the carpenter out with the medicine
-chest. It seemed to me as if time never passed so slowly. Did the
-boat belong to some vessel which had suffered shipwreck, and had its
-occupants been forced to resort to the awful expedients of famished
-sailors, or had it merely lost its ship and been only a few days
-astray? This last conjecture was the more probable, as we were
-cruising on a whaling ground, and, though it was of vast extent, it
-was rarely traversed by merchant vessels. As the boat came near us,
-the ship was hove to. The Indian was right; there were four men at
-the oars, and the man not rowing was bent over as if he had been
-injured. To the captain’s hail the reply came from the man with the
-steering oar:
-
-“Boat of the bark _Magic_ of New Bedford—struck a whale late
-yesterday afternoon. Man’s arm caught in warp and injured. Warp cut,
-lost bark, been out all night.”
-
-The injured man was the first to be helped aboard. He appeared
-exhausted and was evidently in great pain. It is wonderful how
-gentle and tender rough men can be when their services to a sufferer
-are suddenly invoked. The man sat down on the hatch and was first
-given a generous drink of New England rum. Then the captain and
-carpenter proceeded to relieve him of his jacket. This was done very
-slowly, and gently done, too. Even then the patient winced and his
-face bore witness to the pain occasioned. The garment removed, an
-unpleasant spectacle was presented. The sleeve of the shirt was
-saturated with blood, which was dry, black and coated, and this
-evidently had staunched the flow as his companions in the boat had
-had no means of treating the injured member. The cook brought warm
-water, and the carpenter soaked the sleeve until it parted from the
-flesh. Then he severed the sleeve near the shoulder and the bruised
-arm was revealed. First, washing it so as to remove any lint that
-might adhere, and applying a lotion with the delicate touch of a
-woman, he then wound the bandage around it with the skill of a
-surgeon. The sufferer was then allowed the freedom of the cabin.
-
-“A good job,” said one of the sailors. “He done so well, Peter, why
-don’t you have him take your tooth out?”
-
-Peter, a good-natured foremast hand, was suffering from toothache
-and was very disconsolate. He said that he had never had any trouble
-with his teeth before, and that this was the first tooth to decay. I
-think he was pleased with the carpenter’s medical proficiency and
-anticipated the extraction of the tooth without much suffering.
-Peter was told to lie down on the hatch, and then there followed one
-of the most barbarous practices I ever beheld. Forceps were then in
-use, but the carpenter had none, and used the old-fashioned rollers
-instead. The tooth was really ground out of the man’s jaw in a way
-that reminded me of grinding sausages. He bellowed like a wild
-animal, and the tears stood in his eyes. His glance showed
-resentment rather than gratitude. Yet the carpenter did his best
-with his old-fashioned implement.
-
-Kreelman said, quietly, “Carpenter, surgeon, blacksmith, dentist,
-all one.”
-
-The mate of the rescued boat told an interesting story. In the late
-afternoon they had lowered, and, after a long chase, had made fast
-to a whale; a kink in the warp had led to the accident and the warp
-was cut. It was nearly dusk, and the ship was not to be seen. They
-took what they thought was the proper direction, but no lights were
-observed.
-
-“If we don’t pick her up to-day, we’ll heave to at night and pick
-her up in the morning,” said Gamans.
-
-On inquiry, it was found that the _Magic_ had made a fine voyage and
-was on her last cruise. This was pleasant news, and word was passed
-round that the men on the watch below might write letters to be
-taken by the _Magic_, if we were so fortunate as to gam with her.
-That evening our visitors were exultant over their successful voyage
-and made us feel rather small with our moderate amount of oil. One
-of the _Magic’s_ men was very boastful, and described incidents in
-their voyage of an extraordinary nature, which did not lose
-anything, however, from the man’s telling them. After he had pretty
-well talked himself out, one of our men asked:
-
-“What do you think your cargo will amount to? When we left port,
-sperm oil was the lowest it had been for a good many years, and your
-catch, I suppose, is all sperm. You ain’t got no bone, and you
-didn’t go in the Arctic as we are goin’.”
-
-“Well, our captain says it’ll bring about ninety thousand dollars.”
-
-The man looked round with an air of triumph.
-
-“Ninety thousand dollars is a good deal of money,” he continued.
-
-“Yes, it is, but we took about seventy-five thousand dollars of
-merchandise in a few hours, and we’ve been out from port
-considerably less than a year,” observed one of our men.
-
-The remark was greeted with a derisive laugh.
-
-One of our visitors retorted, “It would take a good many months to
-get seventy-five thousand dollars’ worth of sperm oil, and a good
-many weeks to try-out and stow down.”
-
-“We’ve got a patent machine. We do it all in one job.”
-
-“Pshaw! That’s nonsense.”
-
-“Men are pretty smart whalemen,” continued our man, “when they can
-pick out a whale that’s got a lump of gold in him.”
-
-“You don’t mean to say——” The man stopped.
-
-“Yes, I do mean to say that we’ve got stowed away a lump of
-ambergris that’s worth more than half your catch of over three
-years. Suppose we change the names of the vessels and call our ship
-the _Magic?_”
-
-The announcement, coupled with the laugh which followed, was too
-much for the visitors, and the conversation turned to other
-subjects—the common things which pertain to a sailor’s life, such as
-the food, the weather and relations with the officers. When the
-crews of different vessels meet, boasting is inevitable. Kreelman
-said afterward that he never saw, at a gam, men so completely
-squelched as were the sailors from the _Magic_.
-
-We hove to that night, as the captain said, and at dawn the crow’s
-nests were manned by lookouts who were instructed to seek sharply
-for the _Magic_, although whales were not to be ignored. Soon a
-mastheader announced the top-hamper of a distant vessel, and, before
-long, the two ships were in a position to gam. The _Magic_ dropped a
-boat and her captain headed it. When it came alongside he leaped to
-the deck and shook hands with our captain. The two men, who were old
-friends, conversed earnestly and there was something interesting and
-delightful in their meeting by chance, many thousand miles from
-home, on a great ocean, which constitutes a pretty large part of the
-entire globe. The captain of the _Magic_ wanted the last news from
-home, and our captain gave him what little information there was.
-Then Captain Gamans remarked, “Now let me tell you the latest news
-of this vessel. We’ve got on board a lump of ambergris that weighs
-three hundred pounds, and it’s well formed, too.”
-
-“What good luck! I never saw a piece of ambergris in my life.”
-
-How often one man’s good fortune is another man’s discouragement!
-The visiting captain didn’t feel like remaining any longer. He took
-our letters, exchanged courtesies, and departed. I watched the two
-boats as they put back to and reached their ship, and then, as the
-breach between the two vessels widened, I was conscious of the
-recurrence of the feeling I had experienced when the _Seabird_
-dropped from her moorings in New Bedford harbor. The _Magic_
-diminished until it was only a speck. Then I thought, “In a few
-months she will drop anchor in the home port, and a large number of
-the officers and crew will be once more with family or friends. Long
-months must elapse before our return, and then there are the
-uncertainties of our calling—disasters or a broken voyage. Oh! for
-my father’s kindly greeting, my mother’s smile, and the little room
-which I abandoned for the sea.”
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER IX
-
- HONOLULU AND OFF TO THE ARCTIC
-
-
-We were due in the Arctic Ocean the last of June, and were to touch
-first at Honolulu, where most of us expected letters from home. It
-was not our fortune to take a right whale during the voyage, as we
-were to cruise partly for sperm whales, but chiefly for the right
-whale’s great brother, the bowhead, to be found in the Northern
-Pacific and the Arctic Oceans. We were privileged, however, to see a
-right whale feed. One day we passed through a great stretch of
-“brit.” The sea presented the appearance of an extensive field of
-grain. I was at the masthead. Another lookout declared, “Plenty of
-brit. Likely to see a right whale any time. If you do, no use to try
-and take him. Never take a righter when he’s feedin’. One thing, he
-won’t stop, and another thing, he goes too fast for you to follow
-him.”
-
-In half an hour this very man called out, “B-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s,
-b-l-o-w-s.”
-
-“Sperm or righter,” shouted the captain.
-
-“Righter,” was the answer.
-
-There was no excitement below, indeed nothing to show that a boat
-was to be lowered. To me the sight was new and interesting. The
-spout was straight and erect and far more beautiful than that of the
-sperm. The whale seemed to be bound directly for us and, as we were
-going in opposite directions, it was not long before he passed at
-close quarters. The rushing of the great creature with open mouth
-through his pasture of brit reminded me of a snowplough passing
-through a drift. He left behind him a trail of blue water and
-spouted with great force. I did not have to be told again that the
-right whale was difficult to capture when feeding.
-
-We cruised slowly towards Honolulu, taking a couple of small whales
-on the way, and, when we arrived, we had four hundred barrels of
-sperm oil stowed down.
-
-I was of the opinion that some of the men might desert, if they had
-shore leave. I felt that the temptation would be very strong for
-Ohoo, for he would be near his home and he did not regard the cold
-weather in the Arctic with favor.
-
-The entrance of the harbor is through a narrow opening in the coral
-reef, and the place where we dropped anchor was at a convenient
-distance from the shore. A boat’s crew was selected, the captain
-held the steering oar, and Lakeum was in the bow. Strange to say,
-Ohoo was one of the other four, and I rejoiced in the fact that I
-also was of the number. An hour’s leave was granted. The air was
-balmy, and the town had rather an American appearance. But
-delightful as it was to get back once more to civilization, I kept
-thinking of my mother and my home, and I soon strolled back to the
-landing. Lakeum, too, had returned, and we were alone. I don’t know
-how he happened to divine my thoughts, but he did.
-
-“Bleechly,” he said, “you think Ohoo won’t come back, but he will.
-I’d trust that Kanaka anywhere. His people live up in the town
-somewhere. They are of the poorer class. Despite persuasion of
-family or friends, Ohoo will show up in a few minutes.”
-
-Soon he resumed:
-
-“This place is almost as fine and beautiful as Tahiti, and many a
-whaler has touched here. In the early days both men and women would
-swim six or seven miles out to the incoming vessels. Things could be
-bought here cheap then, but the more civilized people become, the
-dearer everything is. The captain is bargaining for beef and pork,
-and it will be brought out in a native boat, a kind of lighter, this
-afternoon.”
-
-Again he ceased talking, looked thoughtful and sad, and then
-resumed:
-
-“You are thinking of home, Bleechly,—your mother, no doubt. When you
-get your letter, I hope you’ll find that all is well. There are many
-beautiful sayings like ‘A man’s best friend is his mother’ and
-‘There is no place like home.’ But what shall we say of a man who
-has no mother and no home but a whaler?”
-
-He stopped abruptly and there was something in his face which led me
-to think that he didn’t want the question answered, and certainly it
-was plain that he did not propose to answer it himself.
-
-Ohoo appeared and broke forth, “Oh! Me so happy—my home, my home!—Me
-find my folk—no dead, all live! Look at sea. Me swim in him all
-round when me a boy. All my home.”
-
-Strange that Ohoo should touch with such joy on the subject which
-Lakeum had just dismissed with such a mournful air. I felt that the
-mate’s eyes were gathering dew and I fixed my gaze on the _Seabird_
-at her anchorage. The rest of the crew came back, the captain last.
-In his hand were just a few letters. Recalling Lakeum’s words, I
-thought how true it was that the only home of most of our men was
-the dirty and dingy forecastle, and that they were to receive no
-remembrances from the land they had left.
-
-Captain Gamans was generally more inclined to be austere than
-sentimental. However, there was a touch of tenderness in what he
-said when he handed me a couple of letters.
-
-“Lucky you are, boy, to get them. Lucky that you had a home to come
-from and lucky you’ll be if you get back to it. I’ve no fault to
-find with you so far; and, if you keep on, you may get a captain’s
-berth, and I hope you will. But if I had my life over, I would stop
-with the first voyage and go to work on shore, even if I couldn’t
-get anything to do but shoveling dirt.”
-
-Pointing to a vessel anchored near by, the captain continued,
-“There’s a lot of disaster and misfortune in whaling. I’ve just
-learned about that ship. Almost no oil, crew deserted, big drafts.
-That’s what they call a broken voyage! Lucky are we with our
-ambergris.”
-
-We had now been gone nearly a year from New Bedford, and the
-prevailing thought with me was that some sorrow might have visited
-my distant home. I opened my mother’s letter with trembling hands;
-and it was a mother’s letter, just such a one as a mother writes to
-her son. All were well, there had been no sickness, she had
-remembered me in her prayers, she had all confidence in the
-correctness of my habits, she hoped that I was in excellent health,
-home was not home without me, it seemed many years since my
-departure, and only my return would restore her happiness.
-
-I opened my father’s letter without foreboding, for my mother had
-told me that all was well. It was a father’s letter, just such a
-letter as a father writes to his son. He hoped that I was diligent
-and dutiful as a sailor, that my habits were correct, that I was in
-good health and that I would have little from the slop chest, as
-they had given me an outfit which cost a good deal of money. He
-declared that, if people saved when they were young, they would keep
-on saving during life, that he wanted me so to conduct myself that
-there would be something coming to me at the end of the voyage, and,
-if there was, that he wouldn’t claim it, although I was a minor, but
-would allow me to deposit it in the savings bank in my own name.
-
-After receiving our recruits in the afternoon, we weighed anchor and
-set sail for the north. The old whaling habit of cruising slowly and
-shortening sail at night was now abandoned. We crowded on sail and
-made for the Arctic with all possible speed. As we approached the
-Aleutian Islands, the weather grew colder, and the men began to look
-to the slop chest. I noticed that Ohoo called for the warmest
-outfit, and the poor fellow needed it.
-
-And now a few words about bowheads. It wasn’t until 1843 that
-whalemen began to know anything about these whales. Indeed, before
-that time, they were ignorant that the right whale had this great
-brother. Their haunts were in the North Pacific and in the Arctic
-Sea. In the year named, a whaler for the first time visited the
-Okhotsk Sea and found and captured bowheads. Soon after they were
-discovered and taken off Alaska on what was called the Kodiak
-ground; and in 1847 a whaler named the _Superior_ entered Bering
-Strait. It was learned that, during the severe winter weather, these
-whales largely visited these two grounds in the North Pacific and
-then in June and July, as the lower Arctic became more or less free
-from ice, passed through Bering Strait for their summer sojourn. As
-more and more whalers visited the North Atlantic and the Arctic, the
-bowheads became more shy and went farther north. The whalers which
-pursued them were thus drawn into places where there was great
-danger from ice; and eleven years from the time of our story came
-the great disaster which even now bears the name of “Whalers Crushed
-by Ice.”
-
-When we reached Bering Strait there was no longer any night. It is
-often said that it was at midnight when the first bowhead was taken
-in the Arctic. How can this be when, at the time we call midnight,
-it was daylight?
-
-Several of the crew declared that we should now hear the singing
-whales, and I was anxious for an explanation. I could hardly believe
-what they told me when they said that bowheads communicate with one
-another by emitting sounds resembling singing. This is thought to be
-a signal, when passing through Bering Strait, to notify other whales
-that they are bound north and that the Strait is clear of ice. There
-is another explanation of this musical exercise. When a bowhead is
-struck, other bowheads in the neighborhood are frightened or
-“gallied”, and the singing is thought to be a signal of danger. I
-noticed that the cry was something like the hoo-oo-oo of the hoot
-owl, although longer drawn out and more of a humming sound than a
-hoot.
-
-I had read about the “killers” and of their fierce attacks upon
-right whales and bowheads, and assumed, as these battles were rarely
-witnessed, that I might sail the seas for a life time without ever
-beholding one. And yet the spectacle was presented soon after we
-passed the Strait. The “killer,” also called the orca or thresher,
-is a small whale with a complete set of teeth on both jaws. He isn’t
-worth anything, and hence is never pursued by man. His favorite
-victim is the bowhead and what he is after is the bowhead’s tongue.
-Now it is to be noted that the tongue of a large bowhead is said to
-weigh as much as a good many oxen. These killers are as cunning and
-intelligent as they are cruel. Sometimes a pack of them will engage
-in the attack on a whale, but frequently only three. In our case we
-saw ahead of us a great splashing of water and an object that would
-leap up into the air and disappear, and then reappear and repeat the
-performance. When we got nearer we saw that a fight was going on
-between a huge bowhead and three killers. The object we had seen was
-a killer which again and again sprang into the air and descended on
-the whale’s back with the design apparently of tiring him out. Then
-we noticed that two creatures had fastened their teeth to the
-whale’s lips with the purpose of forcing his mouth open. There are
-few things in the world so powerful as the flukes of a bowhead. The
-old saying was to beware of a sperm whale’s jaw and a right whale’s
-or bowhead’s flukes. This unfortunate leviathan was pounding the sea
-with his great flukes, but not to the injury of his assailants, for
-they were well out of the way. The flukes were now less active. Soon
-they ceased to operate; the exhausted bowhead opened his mouth, and
-the ravenous trio proceeded to feast upon his tongue.
-
-We were now near the whale and, just as a boat was lowered, Kreelman
-said to me, “That poor fellow is about gone, and it’ll be an easy
-job to kill him. See the shape of him; he ain’t so long as a sperm,
-but he’s bigger round and plumper, has thicker and richer blubber
-and makes more oil, even if it don’t bring so much. But let me tell
-you this, Fancy Chest, them killers don’t fool much with sperm
-whales. A sailor told me once of a sight he see. He said two killers
-and a swordfish tackled a big bull sperm. The killers come on in
-front and went for the bull’s jaw, and the swordfish come up from
-below to go for the bull with his sword. He said the bull grabbed
-one of them killers and made mince meat of him and the other left.
-One prick of the sword was all the whale needed. He rushed ahead a
-little and then brought them flukes of his down with tremendous
-force, and there wasn’t no part of the swordfish left. Better let a
-sperm whale alone.”
-
-When the boat reached the bowhead, he was nearly dead, and it was an
-easy matter to despatch him and tow him to the ship. The cutting-in
-and trying-out were nearly the same as in the case of the sperm
-whale. The only difference was in handling the head. The great
-strips of bone were cut out, hoisted on deck, carefully cleaned and
-stowed away. When the carcass was set adrift, there were no ravenous
-sharks or noisy birds to be seen; and I thought how much more
-fitting it would have been, if the great creature had met death in a
-battle with man rather than fall an ignoble prey to the assaults of
-what are called the “wolves of the sea.”
-
-Epicures prefer fish just out of the water. I wonder what they would
-say of meat just out of the water. There is nothing to show that the
-meat of sperm whales was ever served to the men, but that of the
-bowhead was a common article of food. Of this I was ignorant until
-Kreelman told me and he added, “We’ll have somethin’ for supper
-that’ll make your mouth water. Generally the cabin gets the best,
-the steerage next and the forecastle the scrapings. But the poor old
-bowhead has so much meat that all will be treated alike.”
-
-I had a chat with my old friend, the cook. He told me that the best
-cuts come from alongside the backbone or the afterpart of the whale,
-that the flesh looks more like beef liver smeared with blood than
-any other kind of meat, and that the usual method of cooking the
-flesh is in meat balls, although stews and steaks are very good. The
-cook went to the place where the chunks were suspended under the
-boathouse and came back with one.
-
-“Now watch me, Fancy Chest,” he said.
-
-The cook put the meat through a sausage machine, spiced it with
-sage, savory and pepper, mixed in a little chopped pork, then made
-it up into balls and fried it. Most of us of the forecastle had
-never tasted bowhead meat before, but we were loud in our praise of
-the meat balls. The flavor was rather peculiar, and one of the men,
-who had seen a good deal of the world, said that they tasted to him
-a little like venison.
-
-“Me don’t know nothin’ ’bout Benny’s son,” observed Ohoo. “But me no
-care no more ’bout lobscouse and hard bread; me eat blawhead all
-time.”
-
-I have described a right whale feeding on brit. More than once it
-was our fortune to see a big bowhead devour his dinner. The food in
-the North Atlantic and Arctic is called “slicks”, which give the
-water the appearance of oily streaks. They are produced by different
-kinds of jellyfish and range in size from a pea to six inches or
-more in diameter. When the bowhead is feeding the spread of the lips
-is about thirty feet. Turning on his side, he will take a course
-fifteen feet wide and a quarter of a mile long, scooping just under
-the surface where the slicks are most abundant. The water passes
-through the whalebone and packs the slicks upon the hair sieve. The
-bowhead raises the lower jaw and, still keeping the lips apart,
-forces the tongue into the cavity of the sieve, expelling the water
-through the spaces between the bone. Then the bowhead closes his
-lips to enjoy his meal.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER X
-
- EXPERIENCES IN THE ARCTIC
-
-
-Business was now carried on both day and night, or, more properly
-speaking, all the time, as there was no night. There was always some
-one in the crow’s nest. To increase the chances of seeing and
-capturing whales, the _Seabird_ would drop a boat at about seven
-A.M., and sail about twenty miles and then drop another boat. Then
-she would cruise between the two boats. There was little danger,
-where it was light all the time, of losing a craft. The boats were
-well provisioned, and the men wore their thickest clothing. On the
-third day a whale was announced just as the captain gave orders to
-lower. Our boat and Silva’s engaged in sharp competition. We took
-water first and got the lead, but the movements of the whale favored
-the other boat, and Silva’s man put two irons into him. We stood by
-to help if we were needed, and I eagerly watched the proceedings,
-for this was the first real live bowhead I had seen struck. He
-pounded the sea with his terrible flukes and then sounded just like
-a sperm whale. When the slack was taken in and the big fellow
-appeared on the surface, we followed Silva’s boat and watched with
-keen interest the last act in the tragedy. Silva handled the lance
-well, driving it into the body as if he had a sperm whale to deal
-with. When the bowhead was dead and the tow-line was attached to
-him, Lakeum said to me:
-
-“I hope Silva won’t have trouble. You know what so often happens in
-the case of bowheads?”
-
-“No,” I replied.
-
-“Why, they sink.”
-
-“I didn’t know that, Mr. Lakeum. None of our men ever told me.”
-
-“Yes, they sink, just as so many right whales do. That monster there
-is worth seven thousand dollars, good, and it would be a pity to
-lose him.”
-
-The words were hardly uttered when Lakeum shouted, “Don’t look
-right, Silva; settling a little.” There was apprehension, indeed
-consternation, in the boats. It was true that the whale was
-settling. When men don’t know what to do, they often shout, and this
-is what the men in Silva’s boat did, and when the order came to cut
-the tow-line, they shouted still louder. Then, as the great whale
-disappeared, the noise subsided, and as both boats pulled for the
-vessel, Silva was the picture of despair. The captain had witnessed
-the unfortunate accident from the ship and was inclined to blame
-Silva.
-
-“Well, I killed the whale, didn’t I, Captain?”
-
-“Yes.”
-
-“Am I to blame then, if he sunk?”
-
-There was no answer to this question. The captain muttered, “I don’t
-see why so many of these bowheads sink.”
-
-Since passing Bering Strait we had seen several ships in the
-distance, but they were not near enough to hail. And now a vessel
-was bearing down on us—presumably not for a gam but for information.
-She proved to be the _Awashonks_, a vessel with a remarkable
-history. I was standing near the gangway when her captain boarded
-us. The _Awashonks_ was three years from home, and the captain was
-anxious for the latest news. There was little for Captain Gamans to
-communicate, so the conversation, which was necessarily brief,
-related to their respective voyages.
-
-“We have just lost a whale,” said our captain. “He sank. I suppose
-you’ve had bowheads sink, haven’t you?”
-
-“Not on this voyage,” replied the visitor. “I learned the trick on
-the last voyage. Every bowhead we kill we cut-in, try-out and stow
-down, never lose one. If whalemen had learned the trick years ago,
-there wouldn’t be so many bowheads at the bottom of the ocean.”
-
-The visiting captain evidently had information to convey, but didn’t
-want to give it voluntarily. It seemed to me that he wanted Captain
-Gamans to ask for it. There was a pause. Then our captain said:
-
-“I suppose sinking is due to the condition of the whale. I don’t
-suppose lancing has anything to do with it.”
-
-“Lancing has everything to do with it. That’s where the trick comes
-in. You lance a bowhead or a right whale over the shoulder blade,
-directing the lance downward, and it will kill him in the shortest
-time, but he’ll be pretty sure to sink, because there’ll be a
-rushing escape of air, shown in large bubbles rising through the
-water. Lance him straight or a little upwards and it’ll take more
-time to kill him and be more dangerous, but you’ll save your
-property.”
-
-The visitor assumed a triumphant air. I never saw Captain Gamans
-play his part better. He expressed his thanks for the information
-and then said, in an off-hand way:
-
-“I suppose that the whale we lost was worth several thousand dollars
-and that’s a good deal of money for any ship that has to depend
-solely on whaling; but we are not worrying on the _Seabird_. We’ve
-packed something away that’s worth at least seven bowheads like the
-one we’ve lost.”
-
-“And what’s that?”
-
-“Why nothing but a seventy-thousand-dollar lump of perfectly made
-ambergris.”
-
-The tables were turned. The man who had rejoiced in his triumph was
-now plainly annoyed. He manifested little interest in the ambergris
-and soon took his departure.
-
-To me the _Awashonks_ was a vessel of great interest. A number of
-ships which cruised in early days in the Pacific Ocean were never
-heard from, and one opinion was that they were captured by savages.
-This was nearly the fate of this very _Awashonks_. In October, 1835,
-she touched at Namovik Island, of the Marshall group, in the Pacific
-Ocean. The natives who boarded the vessel appeared to be friendly.
-Suddenly, however, they seized the spades used for cutting in
-blubber, and attacked the crew. The captain was beheaded and the man
-at the wheel and the second mate were killed. Before Jones, the
-third mate, could use a spade he had snatched from a native, he was
-compelled to flee down the forehatch, and the rest of the crew
-either took to the rigging or found refuge in the hold. The men
-aloft cut away the running rigging to prevent the progress of the
-ship; those below worked aft and, with muskets found in the cabin,
-opened fire, but with little effect, as the natives sought places
-that were not within range. Some of them gathered above the
-companionway, which they had closed; Jones placed an open cannister
-of powder underneath and fired it. The explosion tore off the roof
-of the cabin and scattered the natives. Jones and his men then drove
-them overboard.
-
-Twenty-five years had elapsed since this startling adventure; the
-_Awashonks_ was still afloat and as a fact was to sail the seas for
-nearly a dozen years more, only to be crushed by ice in the Arctic.
-What was the age of whalers? Many a one was from time to time
-repaired and practically made over. It is authentic that one vessel
-was in commission for eighty-eight years and another for ninety-one.
-
-The logbooks of whalers are of great value in preserving much of the
-history of whaling which cannot be gleaned from any other source.
-Logs kept on merchant ships recorded formal matters, such as the
-weather, the direction of the wind, the location of the vessel, the
-courses taken and the distances covered. The logs of the whalers
-contained all these matters and, in addition, accounts of the whales
-attacked and captured, the bone taken, the oil stowed down, strange
-occurrences on the deep, such as battles with whales and
-deliverances from death, the places visited, the happenings on ship
-and on shore, items of a personal nature, sums in arithmetic,
-attempts at poetry, pictures of the whales captured or lost,
-pen-and-ink sketches and often colored drawings, and illustrations
-representing scenes in the life of the whaleman.
-
-The pictures of the whales alluded to were sometimes drawn with a
-pen, but generally were impressed by means of a stamp, which in
-early years was carved from wood by the men, and was later made of
-rubber. The impression was made on the margin of the page, and, if
-the whale were captured and boiled down, the number of barrels of
-oil obtained was written on a little white spot purposely left at
-about the middle of the picture. In running down the margins of the
-pages, one could easily determine how many whales were taken, how
-many escaped and the amount of oil each whale yielded. Black ink was
-not always used. Occasionally the impression was in blue, and the
-whale’s last agony was shown by a scarlet stream pouring from his
-blowhole. Open the logbook of an old merchant ship and there is
-nothing to interest, amuse or instruct, but the logs of the old
-whalers, now in the possession of the New Bedford Public Library and
-of the Dartmouth Historical Society, are as interesting as story
-books, and are, indeed, story books themselves. If the log book of
-the _Seabird_ was deposited in one of these repositories, one will
-find this entry made by Lakeum after the capture of the cachalot
-which yielded the ambergris—“This day we took a golden whale.”
-
-One would think that it was the duty of the first mate to keep the
-logbook, but on a whaler others were permitted to ventilate on its
-pages their joys or woes. One of the most amusing entries was the
-following, made by the steward of the _Mystic_, sent on a cruise for
-sea-elephant oil in 1843.
-
- How dear to this heart are the scenes of past days,
- When fond recollection recalls them to mind,
- The schooner so taut and so trim like a miss in her stays,
- And her light rigging which swayed to the wind—
- The old-fashioned galley, the try-works close by it,
- The old blubber-boat with six oars to pull it.
- The bunk of my messmate, the wooden chest nigh it,
- The old monkey jacket, the often-patched jacket,
- The greasy old jacket which hung up beside it.
-
-There are few logbooks which give accounts of mutinies for the
-reason that, when the mutineers got possession of a vessel, the
-logbook went overboard. An exception is that of the _Barclay_, which
-sailed from New Bedford in 1843. The logbook records that trouble
-began soon after sailing; that a fight for the third time occurred
-at supper between one of the crew and the green hands; that the
-fighter was put in the rigging and given a few stripes; that he
-acknowledged the blame and was released; that he went forward,
-making threats; that the blacksmith was very saucy, he being the
-worse for rum; that for days the weather was so severe and the sea
-so rough that no entries were made and no observations taken; that
-after rounding the Horn the weather was much better; that on Monday,
-April 29, 1845, at eight o’clock, the captain sent the steward
-forward to call the men, or one of the men, aft, to see their meat
-weighed; that they wouldn’t come; that the captain called them three
-times and then took a broom to one of the blacks; that they refused,
-one of them saying that one of their complaints was that a pound and
-a quarter of meat was not enough; that they now went forward; that
-the black was insolent and was told to go aft again, that he replied
-that he would not and went to the forecastle, that in getting him up
-one of the men interfered and struck the captain; that the captain
-dropped his weapon and took hold of him; that the man seized the
-weapon and attempted to strike the captain; that he was told to go
-aft but refused, and went down into the forecastle, and, taking a
-sheath knife, said he would kill the first man who came down there,
-but that at last he delivered himself up to be put in irons. “Thus
-ends in Peace.” The mutiny collapsed, otherwise the logbook would
-have been delivered to the sea.
-
-During the voyage I had made many entries in the logbook under the
-direction of Lakeum, and now I was to be intrusted with further
-authority. Lakeum observed:
-
-“Bleechly, I’m going to let you keep the log now. You’d better first
-tell me what entries you are going to make, and after you’ve made
-them I’ll look them over in a general way to see that they are all
-right. I don’t know as you are given to poetry and such things. If
-you are I wouldn’t put any of your rhymes on the logbook. There is
-too much scribbling on some of them.”
-
-Lakeum laughed heartily, the first sign of merriment on his part I
-had for a long time seen. However, I had a little artistic taste,
-and I proposed to indulge it. In a few days I had my first entry to
-make other than the usual formal matters, and here it is:
-
- Remarks on Board of the _Seabird_, Captain Gamans.
- In the Arctic Ocean.
- Thursday, July 7, 1860.
-
- First part light breezes from S. W. Middle part
- much the same. At 2 p.m. saw whales and put off.
- Boats among whales. One whale being towed to ship.
-
-The imprints tell the story,—one whale making sixty barrels, and
-underneath the words, No. 12; another whale without any accompanying
-figures and the imprints of several flukes, above one of which was
-the word “missed”, and under another the words, “Drew the Iron.”
-Thus one whale was captured, the iron missed a second and drew out
-of a third. Such a method of description reminds one of the
-picture-writing of savages.
-
-Of course there was surmise as to who would sight the largest
-bowhead which was captured. I think there was a general feeling that
-the gold watch ought to go to the Gay Head Indian. He had, so far,
-sighted more whales than any man on the ship. It was generally
-thought that the other prize would go to me, although it was
-possible that a sperm whale larger than the one I had announced
-might be captured. One of the men reasoned, “Fancy Chest didn’t
-really sight the whale; the whale sighted him. He happened to come
-up near the ship, and such luck might have happened to anyone. Now
-the Gay Header has got the best eyes of any man on board. Those Gay
-Head Indians have made the best mastheaders on the New Bedford
-whalers for years. But just as likely as not luck will be against
-the man, and some greenie will get the prize.”
-
-I answered, “You forget that there are two more seasons yet—one
-sperm whaling and another again north. As for myself, I wouldn’t
-object to the watch, but I’m not catching unhatched chickens. I
-don’t know as I would like anything better than for Ohoo to get the
-watch.”
-
-Our life in the Arctic was not so bad. Not compelled to cruise far
-north, as vessels were in later years, we encountered little ice and
-the weather was generally fair. We were successful, and the
-hardships we had to endure were not so severe as we had anticipated.
-One day from the lips of the Gay Header came the happy call. The
-boats were lowered and in a few hours the largest bowhead yet was
-fast to the _Seabird_. The Gay Header was well liked, and his
-supposed good fortune gave great satisfaction. During the cutting-in
-and trying-out there was much conjecture as to the monster’s yield,
-and it was remarkable how accurate were the estimates of the men who
-for years had followed the sea.
-
-Here is the entry which I made in the log book:
-
- Remarks on Board the _Seabird_. In the Arctic Ocean.
-
- Tuesday, August 17, 1860.
-
- These twenty-four hours commenced with a light air. Cloudy
- from the southward and westward. At 3 p.m. Gay Header
- sighted whale and boats lowered, and at 7 fast to whale,
- 3 miles from ship. Took whale alongside at 11. All hands
- sent below. At 7 called all hands and commenced cutting-in.
-
-And what were the imprints in the white spot in the black whale on
-the margin?
-
-“L. B. B. 163 barrels No. 16.”
-
-Four days later one of the men sighted another whale and when he was
-alongside it was noted that he was of great size. Would he prove
-larger than the Gay Header’s whale? That was the question. Comment
-and guessing went on for several days while the toilful labor was
-pursued. Towards the last of the trying-out and stowing down the
-excitement rose to a high pitch, and the announcements were eagerly
-received. As we were nearing the end 161 barrels was called out,
-then fifteen gallons more. The amount was increased ten gallons,
-then the last of it made six gallons more. A shout went up, “A half
-a gallon short of 162, but call it 162”, and the Gay Header was one
-barrel ahead. We had now, besides the sperm oil, ten hundred and
-fifty barrels of whale oil in the hold and twelve thousand pounds of
-whalebone, not to mention the ambergris.
-
-I had written at school very modest verses, lauded by my schoolmates
-as very fine poetry, and I now composed a crude stanza which I
-wanted to put in the logbook. With some hesitation and diffidence, I
-went to Lakeum and stated my request.
-
-“I thought I told you, Bleechly, that we didn’t want any scribbling
-on the log.”
-
-“Well,” I replied, “they’ve made some fun of me because they say
-that my sighting the big sperm was only a matter of luck, and I want
-to show to whom I would like to have the watch go, if a still larger
-whale than mine is captured.”
-
-“Well, show me the lines.”
-
-I have spoken of Lakeum laughing heartily. He repeated the exercise.
-
-“Put it in if you want to. I think, however, you’ll make more money
-whaling than you will writing poetry.”
-
-I made the following entry:
-
- They call me simply Fancy Chest,
- And say within my grasp
- The prize that every tar desires
- It may be mine to clasp.
-
- But, if a man of keener sight
- A greater whale may claim,
- I choose a man of royal worth
- And Ohoo is his name.
-
-Some of the crew asked me to repeat the lines. I noticed that they
-seemed to make an impression only upon Ohoo. He wanted to know if I
-was writing about something good to eat.
-
-During our stay in the Arctic we did not once make a landing.
-Several times, in running in near the shore of Alaska, the Esquimos
-came out to us in their boats and we hove to for a few minutes to
-allow them to come on board. I noticed how skilfully they handled
-their canoes, which were made of the skin of some animal, probably
-the seal. The paddles were double-bladed, and very gracefully the
-oarsmen shifted the blades, sending the boats ahead with remarkable
-speed. The Esquimos had picked up a little English and their patois
-was curious and not always intelligible. For bits of rope, old hoops
-and so forth they traded knickknacks of their own making. For an old
-shirt, I purchased several of these articles which I proposed to
-carry home as mementos. About the middle of September, just as we
-were about to sail for Honolulu, we ran near shore for the last
-time, and just as we tacked several of their boats appeared. The
-season was over and they seemed to know that they would see us no
-more, for as we bore away, the occupants called out in cheery tones,
-“Goo’by—goo’by.”
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER XI
-
- HONOLULU AGAIN, AND SEA TALES
-
-
-And now for Honolulu! Every one was good-natured and happy. Few
-vessels in the history of whaling could beat our record of fifteen
-months. It was the opinion that if our good fortune continued, the
-voyage would not exceed three years. There were no orders to shorten
-sail nights. We were to make port in the shortest possible time in
-order to ship all our oil for New Bedford, and prepare for our
-cruise on the Coast of Japan. Lakeum said to me one day:
-
-“You remember that when we stopped at Honolulu we had rather a
-picked crew when we went ashore. That was more a happen-so than
-anything else. I suppose you thought that men who were thought not
-likely to desert were selected, and I remember that I said something
-to you about Ohoo’s faithfulness. You see at that time we had four
-hundred sperm and the ambergris. That was enough to keep the men
-loyal. Now we have ten hundred and fifty whale and twelve thousand
-pounds of bone more. Do you suppose men with a lot of money in view
-are going to desert? I think not. We shall be at Honolulu some time,
-but you may be sure that every man will turn up when we sail.”
-
-We reached Honolulu in due season and discharged all our cargo,
-except the ambergris. The foremast hands saw every nook and corner
-of the beautiful town, which was peculiar in having both a tropical
-and an American air. The bathing was delightful, and its charm was
-only surpassed by watching from the shore the natives as they glided
-on the surface of the sea like tiny seaboats or dove with the ease
-and grace of the seafowl. Ohoo took me to his home, a rude little
-cottage with few of the modern conveniences, but the home of kind
-and pleasant people. His father was dead, but his mother, two
-sisters and a brother were my entertainers. I ate their simple and
-to me rather curious food, but was particularly pleased with the
-fish which was cooked between heated stones. They danced and sang
-their quaint songs, and I truly felt that I was in another world.
-Ohoo acted as interpreter, and the funny work he made of it promoted
-mirth and hilarity. I bade my new-made friends good-by, feeling that
-this brief experience was one of the most delightful episodes of the
-voyage.
-
-Our cargo discharged, and recruits taken aboard, we started for the
-coast of Japan on November 24, 1860. Whales were, and still are,
-plentiful in those waters, the first vessels to visit which were the
-_Syren_ and _Maro_ of Nantucket in 1820. Our cruise was to be a long
-one, and then we were to go north again.
-
-Of all the adventures of whalemen, none exceeds in daring and danger
-that of Ronald MacDonald, all the more remarkable because the daring
-was unnecessary and the danger voluntarily incurred. In 1826 the
-ship _Lady Adams_ disappeared near the coast of Japan, and it was
-surmised that she had struck a reef and that her crew, after
-reaching shore, had been murdered. Another vessel, named the
-_Lawrence_, was wrecked, and it was afterward learned that the
-second mate and seven of the crew, after landing, had been cruelly
-treated, one of the number having been tortured to death. It also
-appeared that the crew of another vessel, which stranded on the
-coast, received similar treatment, one of the men killing himself to
-escape further torment.
-
-While whalemen regarded the Japanese coast with terror, yet one day,
-when a whaler was cruising near that coast, MacDonald, a seaman,
-obtained his discharge, taking in lieu of his “lay” a boat equipped
-for landing and supplied with sundry books and certain utensils, and
-boldly made for shore. On his arrival he was stripped of everything,
-but, as it appeared to his captors that his outfit indicated good
-intentions, they did not torture him; so he began to teach them
-English.
-
-Some time afterward Commodore Biddle visited Yeddo for the purpose
-of establishing trade relations with the Japanese. MacDonald and the
-survivors of the two wrecked whale ships were committed to the
-Commodore’s charge with the warning never to return. The stories
-told by these whalemen, and the information gained by Biddle,
-determined our government to send another expedition under Commodore
-Perry, with results so well known to the world.
-
-In the dogwatch the _Lady Adams_, the _Lawrence and_ Ronald
-MacDonald were much talked about. A couple of our men had sailed in
-vessels that had cruised within a few years off the coast of Japan,
-but they said they had never known a boat to land on the coast, and
-so far as they knew a few whalers only had recruited at Hakodate, a
-port to which vessels might go. There was something mysterious about
-the quarter of the world we were approaching, and the uncertainty
-colored our conversation in the dogwatch. Shipwrecks and other
-disasters at sea were also brought up, and the more terrible the
-tales, the greater the interest.
-
-“Suppose anything happened to us off the coast of Japan. What should
-we do?” said one of the men.
-
-“It might be another case like the _Essex_,” replied Kreelman.
-
-There was a demand for the tale of the _Essex_. While I had read all
-about that ill-fated vessel, I was anxious to hear Kreelman’s
-version.
-
-“In the year 1820,” he began, “the ship _Essex_ of Nantucket,
-Captain Pollard, was cruisin’ in this very Pacific Ocean when whales
-was sighted. The first whale they struck stove the boat. Two other
-boats was soon fast to another whale, and the ship headed towards
-them. All of a sudden a big sperm bull breached nearby and bore down
-on the ship at full speed and struck her with tremendous force and
-she begun to sink. The whale moved off, and then he come back,
-openin’ and closin’ his big jaws and poundin’ the sea with his
-flukes and dashed into her again; and pretty soon she was on her
-beam ends. Owen Chase, the mate of the _Essex_, writ a book in which
-he said that there wasn’t no such thing as chance about it, that the
-whale was mad because they had struck his companions and that he
-meant revenge. In three boats captain, officers and crew made for
-Peru, which was nearly three thousand miles away. They at first
-reached an island where nobody lived, and three of them preferred to
-die there rather than go through what the men would have to go
-through who were to go on in the open boats. One boat was never
-heard from. When one of them gave up and died the others ate his raw
-flesh like wolves. At last they were rescued. Three in one boat was
-picked up by one ship, and two in the other boat by another ship.
-Captain Pollard was one of the men that was saved. Word got round to
-Nantucket, before his return, of the awful time he and his shipmates
-had had, and when he come back the streets was lined with people,
-and not a word was said as he walked with bowed head to his home.”
-
-Kreelman’s tale was correct. Some one said, “Fancy Chest, you are a
-scholard and have read about such things. You can’t tell no tale
-that can beat that.”
-
-“I don’t want to,” I declared. “The story of the _Essex_ is all true
-and I trust it may never be repeated; but I can tell a story of a
-whale as savage as the one which sank the _Essex_. He too attacked a
-whaler, but no lives were lost.”
-
-“Go on,” they shouted.
-
-“In 1850 the _Parker Cook_ of Provincetown, while cruising in the
-Atlantic, lowered two boats for a bull sperm. The boat-steerer of
-one of the boats made fast with two irons, and the whale capsized
-her. The line fouled and nearly severed the boat-steerer’s leg from
-the body. He fortunately was able to cut the line, and the other
-boat picked up the men in the water and returned to the ship. But
-the whale wasn’t satisfied. Like the destroyer of the _Essex_, he
-made for the _Parker Cook_ and struck her with great force, throwing
-the men to the deck and burying the cutwater and stem up to the
-planking in his head. Then he repeated the performance but with
-abated force. The captain lowered another boat, and, when they were
-in close quarters, fired three bomb lances into the creature and so
-wounded him that he spouted blood. Every time the whale made for the
-boat, great skill was required in avoiding his charges. The whale
-was at last killed, and when tried out yielded a little over a
-hundred barrels. The vessel put into Fayal for medical treatment for
-the boat-steerer and for repairs. Lucky it was that the attack was
-directly on the stem. Had it been on any other part of the vessel
-she would probably have shared the fate of the _Essex_.”
-
-The men called for another, and I responded:
-
-“Of course, what I have just told I read out of a book, and, as you
-ask for another, I’ll give you this which I also read out of a book,
-but it’s true nevertheless. While near the Azores in 1832, the
-mate’s boat of the _Barclay_ of Nantucket struck a whale with both
-irons, and, when the mate went forward to use the lance, the whale
-turned and killed him and then escaped. A few days after, the
-_Hector_ of New Bedford fell in with the same whale, and several
-boats were lowered. The whale made for the mate’s boat. This
-officer, by a quick move, avoided the encounter, and the
-boat-steerer threw his harpoon successfully, but the whale turned
-and smashed the bow of the boat. He then demolished the captain’s
-boat. While the crew were picked up, the whale proceeded to bite up
-the pieces of the broken craft, and succeeded with a single
-exception. This was a keg. As the keg bobbed up and down on the
-waves, the whale tried to capture it with his teeth, but
-unsuccessfully, and he seemed very angry. After the men had reached
-the ship, the whale and the keg were still in evidence. The mate now
-picked a crew and lowered again. The whale then lost interest in the
-keg and made for the boat. Its occupants, terror-stricken, pulled
-for the ship. Several times they barely escaped from the whale’s
-jaws, and they were becoming exhausted when the whale, which had
-been fighting of course with his belly up, turned over to lift his
-head out of water and take in some fresh air. The boat was so near
-that the mate was able to drive his lance into the creature’s
-vitals, killing him almost instantly. The harpoons of the _Barclay_
-were found in his body.”
-
-The men were very attentive and thoughtful. One of them said, “If a
-boat’s crew should lose the ship in these waters we’re goin’ to, it
-wouldn’t do to land, and I don’t know what would become of ’em.”
-
-Kreelman turned to me and said, “Fancy Chest, that reminds me of the
-bark _Janet_. I’ve heard the story, but you’ve read about it, I
-suppose. So go on and tell it.”
-
-“Yes, I have read about it. In 1849 a boat’s crew succeeded in
-killing a whale, and soon after the boat was capsized. All the
-contents except the oars were lost. The men were able to right the
-craft, but she was water-filled, and the sea was so rough that to
-prevent the boat from foundering the oars were lashed across her.
-Night was coming on and, unfortunately, they were not seen from the
-vessel. Working their way to the dead whale, they made fast to him
-and endeavored to empty the water from the boat, but the sea was so
-rough that they were forced to cut loose. After a night of great
-suffering they looked in vain for the bark. They could make little
-headway, and they were all exhausted, so they put the boat before
-the wind. On the second day the sea subsided, and they were
-encouraged to throw over the boat and empty the water. One man was
-lost in the unsuccessful endeavor, and two of the men soon went mad.
-The nearest land was an island off the coast of Peru, a thousand
-miles away. The weak and discouraged crew summoned all their
-strength and tore the ceiling from the boat, with which to rig a
-wooden sail. They steered their course at night by the stars, and by
-day suffered great agony from the heat. There was neither food nor
-water for seven days, and then they drew lots, and one of their
-number was killed and eaten. A shower fell, but too late. On the
-eighth day another man died and on the ninth another shower
-furnished water. Then a dolphin leaped into the boat. For several
-days birds came so near that the men were able to kill them. Twenty
-days after the boat capsized they reached the island off Peru. There
-they killed a wild pig and two days later were taken off by the
-_Leonidas_ of New Bedford.”
-
-“Well,” observed one of the men, repeating the previous remark, “if
-a boat gets lost from a ship on the ground we are goin’ to, they’d
-have a hard time of it. It wouldn’t do to land there, and where
-could they land?”
-
-This observation gave rise to discussion, and the expression of
-views showed a woful ignorance of geography. Kreelman seemed to have
-the best grasp of the situation.
-
-“Gentlemen,” he said, “this coast of Japan ground, as they call it,
-stretches over an awful distance. It runs clear down pretty near to
-the Caroline Islands. That’s south, and I shouldn’t be surprised if
-we touched there for supplies before we go north again. A man who
-cruised in this ocean and was once on this ground told me all about
-it.”
-
-“There ain’t no danger from savages round here, is there?” asked one
-of the men.
-
-“No danger in these days,” replied Kreelman. “In old days
-occasionally a whaler in this ocean was never heard from. Some
-thought shipwreck, some thought cuttlefish and some thought savages.
-I don’t know. I don’t believe there will ever be again such a case
-as the _Sharon’s_. That was twenty years ago. One of the men who was
-on board told me about it years ago.”
-
-The sea was quite tranquil, we were sailing freely and there was
-silence. I knew that all Kreelman wanted was encouragement.
-
-“I have heard of that case,” I observed. “It was in 1842.”
-
-“How do you know?”
-
-“Oh, I’ve read about it.”
-
-“Well, readin’ ain’t always knowin’. When you hear a thing from a
-man who’s been there it’s first hand, and, when you get it out of a
-book, it’s second hand.”
-
-“Well,” I observed, “you had no objection, not long ago, to listen
-to stories I took from books.”
-
-Kreelman made no reply and on his own invitation told the story in
-his quaint way.
-
-“Well, you see, this _Sharon_ touched at an island where a number of
-the crew deserted, and she put to sea with only seventeen men all
-told. One day two boats were lowered for whales, and the captain, a
-Portuguese boy and three natives of the Kingsmill group of islands
-was left on board. They took a whale and the ship bore down and took
-him alongside, and then they trimmed the sails to prevent her
-forgin’ ahead. The boats were now after other whales.
-
-“Soon the signal flag of the ship at half-mast informed those in the
-boats that there was trouble on board and they put for the ship.
-When within hailin’ distance the boy, who was in the riggin’, called
-out that the natives had killed the captain and had control of the
-ship. One of the natives shook a cuttin’-spade at the men in the
-boats. Then he said somethin’ in his own language to the fourth
-native who was in one of the boats. They thought that he asked him
-to jump overboard and swim to the ship, but the man in the boat
-shook his head. Then the fellow on deck threw the cook’s axe and he
-aimed so good that the man in the boat only saved himself by dodgin’
-it.
-
-“The mate was afraid that the savages would swing the yards and that
-the sails would catch the wind, so he called to the boy in the
-riggin’, ‘Cut the halyards of the upper sails on the mainmast and
-then go forward on a stay and cut ’em on the foremast.’ The boy done
-it, and then the boats got close together and the mates talked over
-what they’d better do. One said one thing, and another another.
-
-“Benjamin Clough, only nineteen years old, was third mate of the
-ship. Clough stood up in the bow of the first mate’s boat, picked up
-a lance and hurled it at a savage standin’ on the ship’s rail, but
-the warp was too short and the savage laughed at him. Then Clough
-said that, if the boy would cut loose the foreroyal stay and let it
-drop into the water from the end of the jib boom, he would swim to
-the ship with the warp of the lance in his mouth and fight the
-savages single-handed. The mate said, ‘All right,’ and they called
-to the boy, but he was weak from bein’ afraid and tired out, and
-couldn’t do it. The ship didn’t drift much, and they stayed in the
-boats till night come on.
-
-“Now this Clough was an awful smart fellow and he said once more
-that he would swim to the ship, and the first mate told him to go
-ahead. He took off every rag he had on, then he took a boat knife in
-his teeth, and he didn’t care if the sea was full of sharks; he swam
-straight to the stern of the vessel, climbed up the rudder and got
-into the cabin through a window. He found, in the dark, two
-cutlasses and two muskets, which he loaded. A native come down the
-steps and Clough attacked him with a cutlass and cut out one of his
-eyes, but in the struggle Clough’s right hand was badly cut. The
-native was as good as killed.
-
-“One of the other two savages come to the head of the stairs with a
-cuttin’ spade in his hand. Clough pointed a musket with his left
-hand and right forearm and fired it and killed the fellow. As his
-body come down stairs, bringin’ the spade with him, it struck
-Clough’s left arm and cut it badly. And now see what a smart fellow
-the first mate was. Through the cabin window Clough told him what he
-had done, and how badly he was hurt, and called for help and said
-that only one savage was alive. But the brave mate replied that, as
-he had only heard one shot, he believed that only one savage was
-dead, so he wouldn’t help Clough. The poor fellow stretched out on
-the cabin floor helpless. In half an hour the boat come under the
-stern, and the men climbed in through the windows. The native who
-hadn’t been hurt jumped overboard but come on board again during the
-night and was put in irons. Clough’s wounds healed and, when he got
-back, his owners made him captain of the _Sharon_ and then built a
-new ship for him.”
-
-The men were greatly pleased with Kreelman’s story; they were loud
-in their praises of Clough; and, as foremast hands have generally a
-pretty low estimate of the upper officers, they expressed their
-opinion of the first mate in uncomplimentary language. This
-conference during the dogwatch was the most interesting of any in
-the whole voyage. Most of my companions had looked forward to this
-long cruise with some forebodings, and the stories narrated
-pertained to experiences and incidents which some of them probably
-felt they might themselves encounter before the season was over. But
-Kreelman’s tale had thrilled them. What gloom there had been was
-dissipated, and the men went to the watch below that night all ready
-for their labors in the months before them.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER XII
-
- THE COAST OF JAPAN AND THE CAROLINES
-
-
-One would think from the name “Coast of Japan” that whalers cruised
-off the land. In truth they cruised generally some distance from it,
-for, as has been said, sperm whales do not like soundings and are
-found in deep water. Fortunately we did not experience a typhoon or
-any violent storm. We saw a few vessels that looked like junks, but
-they did not come near enough for us to hail them. Of whalers we saw
-not a few, and we gammed with several of them. During the months we
-were there we took three hundred and fifty barrels of sperm oil and
-were about to start for the Caroline Islands, as Kreelman had
-predicted, when I had the most eventful experience of my life. As I
-recall it after all these years, I shudder and renew my gratitude
-for deliverance.
-
-The day before we were to sail for the Carolines, whales were
-announced in the afternoon, and Silva’s and Lakeum’s boats were
-lowered. The wind was right; so the masts were stepped and the sails
-set. For heavy whaleboats, built for service and not for speed, we
-made very good time. Every one was happy, and I fancy that the men
-in both boats contemplated a good day’s work with a couple of
-whales, at least, fast to the ship.
-
-Silva’s boat had the advantage, and within an hour from the time of
-leaving the ship was fast to a whale. The other whales vanished, so
-we took in sail and awaited developments. In the meantime the wind
-had shifted, but we could see the ship in the distance, and she was
-of course beating towards us. It is difficult to tell what a whale
-will do under water, and he doesn’t propose to let anybody know.
-When he disappears you may think that he will reappear at some point
-in the distance and then, of a sudden, he will emerge not far from
-the place where he sounded. Not a whale was now to be seen; but we
-were sure that one at least would soon be in evidence, and that was
-the one that had been struck by the harpooner of Silva’s boat. But
-we lost interest in that leviathan, for suddenly a great sperm whale
-rose not more than a hundred feet from our craft. We were ordered to
-take the paddles, and in less than a minute the bow just touched the
-big fellow’s body. With his left leg in the clumsy cleat and his
-stalwart figure strongly outlined against the western sky, where the
-sun was now hardly visible, our boat-steerer threw both harpoons
-with splendid effect. We were quick to respond to Lakeum’s order,
-but the flukes were very inactive and there were hardly any suds to
-get out of; and the whale showed no inclination to sound.
-
-“I’ve been in a boat for thirty years,” said one of our men, “and I
-never see a whale like that before. I believe he’s sick, and I
-shouldn’t be surprised if he had five hundred pounds of ambergris in
-him worth a good deal more than a hundred thousand dollars.”
-
-We had pretty quick proof of the fact that the whale was not sick,
-and we never had the opportunity to learn whether or not he was rich
-in ambergris. The monster deliberately turned belly up and came for
-us.
-
-Lakeum yelled, “Up with your oar, Bleechly.” That meant, of course,
-a signal to the other boat for help. The whale took our boat in his
-teeth, and all of us, with one exception, jumped into the water. The
-exception was a quiet, inoffensive man, and an excellent sailor whom
-we all liked, and who had been friends with every one during the
-voyage. The whale seized him so that the head and arms alone were to
-be seen. The poor man uttered a fearful shriek, and there came to
-his face an expression of anguish and despair. Then he disappeared
-and the whale proceeded to chew our boat into bits. Five men
-struggling in the water, and an angry whale likely to devour them at
-any moment!
-
-The whale was indifferent to the others. He directed his attention
-to me. I was a good swimmer and my salvation depended on my
-successfully eluding him, and on my keeping afloat until help
-arrived. The monster turned over, closed his jaws and came feeling
-around slowly and carefully. He passed close to me, and, afraid of
-his flukes, I grasped the warp attached to the harpoons in his body
-and was towed a short distance. The moment he slacked speed, I dove
-under, so as to clear the flukes and come up astern of them. Now I
-felt rather secure; but strange to say he turned and half breached
-as he came for me. If he had struck me a full blow, I should have
-been crushed to pieces. I think the end of his jaw may have just
-touched my body. At any rate, down I went, and, when I came up, he
-had turned so that I was able to get hold of the warp again. Now he
-seemed to be puzzled.
-
-My four companions, all of whom appeared to be good swimmers, were
-struggling in the water, but he paid no attention to them. He
-pounded the sea with his flukes and then turned over again. I had to
-release my grasp and as his great body rolled against me, I was half
-stunned and half drowned, and consciousness left me. When I came to,
-it was dark. I felt very sore on the side where the whale had rolled
-against me, and I was extremely weak.
-
-I muttered, “Where am I? Where am I? Am I dead or alive?”
-
-Assurance came with the voice of Lakeum. “You are all right,
-Bleechly. Let me tell you the whole story. When the whale turned
-over, as you were clinging to the warp, he proceeded to bite up what
-little pieces of the boat there were left. When you put the oar on
-end as a signal, Silva ordered his warp cut and gave up his whale in
-order to save us, and he arrived just in the knick of time. You were
-taken aboard first, of course, and made as comfortable as possible;
-then the rest of us were rescued.”
-
-“What became of the whale?” I broke in.
-
-“Oh, he made off. It was then growing dark and the ship was not to
-be seen, but she’ll pick us up in the morning.”
-
-I was in considerable pain, and the wet clothes increased my
-discomfort. It was pretty difficult to do much for a sick man in a
-whaleboat with eleven men in it, but they did for me all they could,
-and it is remarkable how kind and tender, at such times, rough and
-unskilled men can be. The long, dreary night at last ended and the
-sun rose beautifully, but in my condition it made no impression upon
-me. Not far away was a curious-looking vessel which Lakeum said was
-a junk, and it seemed to be bearing down on us. I heard them say
-that our vessel’s top-hamper could just be seen. The wind was now
-favorable, water was thrown on the sail, and the men took to the
-oars as well. With this double method of propelling the boat it made
-pretty good time. I was propped up in a little space at the stern,
-just where I was clear of the oarsmen, and where I was afforded
-unrestricted vision.
-
-The junk seemed to be gaining on us. Then it suddenly occurred to me
-why the men were at the oars and why water was thrown on the sail.
-Strange to say this apprehended peril didn’t disturb me. The
-interest inspired largely relieved me of suffering. The stranger
-kept gaining on us and soon I could see men on her deck. Now
-I turned a little, although the effort was somewhat painful,
-and noticed that the _Seabird_ was not so very far off, as her
-upper rigging was visible. Lakeum encouraged the men in a low
-tone, and the situation had the aspect of a race. The junk was a
-strange-looking object with its lugsails, the first I had ever seen,
-and its low prow. But while she was gaining on us we were making
-good time, and, of course, our own ship was approaching, though she
-was beating to windward. There is much mystery at sea about
-currents, but there is more mystery about wind. Sometimes three
-vessels may be seen, each sailing with a different wind. Suddenly
-the junk changed her course; the wind was no longer friendly. In
-less than a quarter of an hour we were alongside the _Seabird_, and,
-while I was able to walk, I was not fit for duty; so I was allowed
-to go to my bunk in the dismal forecastle.
-
-For three days I could not respond to duty and, while I did not
-receive the modern treatment which one receives from a trained
-nurse, the carpenter drew supplies from the medicine chest, applied
-lotions and wound bandages, if not always with a trained hand, yet
-with good intent, fortified by words of sympathy and cheer. My
-associates, rough seafaring men, were kind and moved quietly about
-in our little enclosure, as if to relieve my suffering and
-contribute to my comfort. Ohoo was particularly thoughtful, asking,
-in his broken English, “What me do you? Me willin’ help all time.”
-And the cook, my old friend, provided from his meager material
-little dishes that were out of the usual. But constantly there was
-presented the picture of our old companion in the whale’s jaw—he of
-whom we all had thought so well, and with whom we had never had a
-difference—and my heart was filled with gratitude for my
-preservation and deliverance.
-
-It was a pleasure to get back to work and to feel that we were on
-our way to the Carolines. It was now March, 1861, and we were due at
-our destination in May. Nothing eventful occurred during the
-passage; a few whales were seen and boats were lowered, but in each
-case the chase was abandoned. We were very happy when we caught the
-first glimpse of land, for we knew that the stay was to be a pretty
-long one. While there was much work to be done in overhauling the
-ship and taking aboard supplies, we were told that there would be a
-good deal of liberty, as the spot we were to visit was remote from
-any settlement, and the people with whom we were to deal were
-natives.
-
-We dropped anchor in a small bay and there, right before us, was the
-ship _Sunrise_ of New Bedford, stripped of boats, sails and so
-forth, and hove down upon her side, so that the keel was exposed. We
-soon learned that the ship had sprung a leak, and, as the nearest
-civilized port was many miles away, the ship had been beached and,
-under the direction of the carpenter, the necessary repairs had been
-made.
-
-I remember what Kreelman said, “Fancy Chest, there’s nothin’ like
-whalemen. Merchantmen couldn’t do that. Whalemen are jacks at all
-trades. A whaleship’s a little world, and there’s nothin’ that
-whalemen can’t do.” And now, after many long years of rather varied
-experience, I recall Kreelman’s words, and give them my hearty
-approval.
-
-The first thing to do was to get temporary supplies. So a boat was
-sent ashore with a little trade, and when it returned it brought
-vegetables, fruit, fowl and pigs enough to last us for a fortnight
-or more.
-
-The next day the ship was hauled in near shore and secured with
-chain cables. By orders of the captain, Lakeum began the overhauling
-and putting in order. The yards were sent down and the entire
-rigging was examined and necessary renewals were made. All the
-blocks were put in order. The masts were stayed, standing rigging
-was set up, yards were crossed, running rigging was rove, sails were
-bent and furled snug, and all the yards squared. All this took, of
-course, a number of days. After that, general shore leave was
-announced. The _Sunrise_ was now repaired, and about to be hauled
-out to an anchorage, where she could be refitted with spars,
-rigging, sails and so forth and refurnished with casks, provisions,
-movables and the like. Here was work done in these two cases which
-would have cost the owners a great deal of money had the vessels put
-into port.
-
-All of us went ashore, and all hands of the _Sunrise_ were given
-liberty at the same time. If the expression may be used, it was a
-case of gamming on shore. The captains and officers got together,
-and the crews went off by themselves. The island was one of the
-smallest of the group. The natives were hospitable and invited us
-into their little huts, where they set before us fruit, of which
-there was a great variety and abundance, and their curiously cooked
-food. The day was faultless and the whole experience most
-delightful. The men of the two vessels affiliated beautifully. There
-was no friction. In the late afternoon we all went in swimming, and
-a luxury it was to men whose brief opportunity of obtaining a bath
-on shipboard was afforded by a rainfall, and generally a very poor
-opportunity, too. Just before separating, all gathered together, and
-then for the first time the conversation turned to our respective
-catches. The amount of our oil compared very favorably with that of
-the _Sunrise_, but our new-made friends were inclined to be boastful
-and assertive. One of our men said very quietly:
-
-“Oil is a good thing, but, when you have something on board worth
-more than a thousand barrels of sperm, that’s a little better
-thing.”
-
-“You ain’t discovered no diamond mine in the ocean, have ye?” asked
-a _Sunrise_ man. His companions roared.
-
-“No,” replied our spokesman; “we didn’t discover no diamond mine. We
-opened up a gold mine.”
-
-“What d’ye open it up with—a pickaxe?” Another loud laugh.
-
-“No, with a cutting spade; and the man on our ship who has the
-largest lay is goin’ to see more money than he ever see before, when
-his voyage is settled. A one-hundred-and-eightieth lay in seventy
-thousand dollars worth of ambergris ain’t to be sneezed at.”
-
-As I recall the experience of that day I now regret that any
-allusion was made to the ambergris. Its introduction into the
-conversation seemed to disturb the pleasant relations, and the
-leave-takings were cold and formal.
-
-Trade negotiations were renewed, and abundant supplies were taken on
-board. We now learned that we were to proceed to the Okhotsk Sea.
-Some bowheads remained in these waters during the summer, while many
-passed out to seek the Arctic Ocean. It was rumored that the captain
-had had such good luck the first season in the Arctic that he
-believed it policy to change to another whaling ground. There may
-have been a bit of superstition in this, but the change proved a
-good one. Word was passed round that we were going to stand well to
-the westward and go to the right of the Hawaiian Islands, and this
-because the captain hoped to sight some whaler bound home, and
-intrust a letter to her. Day followed day and only one small whale
-was taken. Finally a speck was seen at the horizon in line of the
-course we were taking. As we drew nearer the boats could be seen at
-the davits, so we knew she was a whaler. Both vessels hove to, one
-of our boats was lowered, and the captain went in her to visit the
-stranger. On his return I was near the gangway and heard him say,
-“The _Hepworth_ of New Bedford, bound home.”
-
-“Did you tell them about the ambergris?” asked Lakeum.
-
-“No, that’s such a tender subject that I thought I’d spare them. But
-I learned something that was a great surprise. The captain said that
-they told him, not long ago, in Honolulu, that last November a man
-named Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States.”
-
-“Did you ask the captain who Lincoln was?”
-
-“Yes, but he said he didn’t know.”
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER XIII
-
- WHOSE WHALE WAS IT?
-
-
-We arrived at the Okhotsk Sea in the early summer; and one has only
-to visit that inlet to learn how extensive it is. The weather was
-not so severe as that of the Arctic, and so far as we were concerned
-we found the whaling equally good. Our captain followed the method
-he had adopted in the Arctic of dropping a boat, sailing a long
-distance and dropping another, and then taking a course between
-them. The bowheads seemed a little more active than those in the
-Arctic, but, if once struck, there was nothing to fear except their
-terrible flukes. There was much conjecture as to some probable
-creature who would yield more oil than the Gay Header’s whale, and
-thus be the means of bestowing the watch on another. One whale, the
-largest in the Okhotsk, yielded one hundred and fifty-eight barrels
-and the Gay Header was safe.
-
-In the whaling days there were quarrels over whales, and a few
-lawsuits, too. Strange that these differences should arise at places
-thousands of miles distant from Massachusetts, and that the cases
-should be tried in the United States Court in that State. How could
-there be any quarrel or lawsuit over a whale lying dead on the
-surface of the ocean? And the question may be answered by asking
-another question, “Whose whale was it?” That is, the question was
-not always who killed the whale but who owned the whale after it was
-killed.
-
-There was a usage generally observed by whalemen that when a whale
-was struck, and the harpoon, with the line attached, remained in the
-whale, but the line did not remain fast to the boat, and a boat’s
-crew from another ship continued the pursuit and captured the whale,
-and the master of the first ship claimed the whale on the spot, the
-whale belonged to the first ship. At last the matter was taken into
-the United States Court, and the judge held that the usage was a
-good one and that the whale belonged to the first ship.
-
-Two lawsuits arose over whales captured in the Okhotsk Sea. One, as
-follows: Having killed a bowhead, the first mate of the whaler
-anchored the whale in five fathoms of water and attached a waif,
-intending to return the next day. Early in the morning, boats of
-another New Bedford whaler towed the whale to their ship, where it
-was cut-in and boiled down. It turned out that the anchor didn’t
-hold in the night, that the cable coiled around the whale’s body,
-and that no waif irons were attached to it. The captain of the
-vessel whose boat had originally killed the whale visited the other
-ship and laid claim to the whale; for oil and bone worth five
-thousand dollars or more were not to be given up without something
-more than a protest. If the captain of the vessel which had the oil
-and the bone had yielded, the bone could easily have been then
-delivered, but to turn over great casks of oil from one vessel to
-another, in a rough sea, was not so easy. But the captain wouldn’t
-yield. The discussion between the two masters was bitter and
-boisterous.
-
-“I killed the whale,” said the captain of the first vessel.
-
-“Your first mate says he killed it.”
-
-“Now don’t be smart. You know when I said ‘I’, the reference was to
-my ship.”
-
-“Where’s the proof that anybody in your ship killed it?”
-
-“Proof enough. Even if the waif was gone, the whale was dead, and I
-can show that the warp coiled around the body was the warp of my
-ship.”
-
-The captain of the other vessel thundered back, “The whale belongs
-to this ship, and the oil and bone from him will stay on this ship
-until we get back to New Bedford, and what are you going to do about
-it?”
-
-“You’ll find out what we are going to do about it when we get back
-to that port.”
-
-And the visiting captain went to his boat. They did find out, for
-when they returned, the United States Court held that the ship whose
-first mate killed the whale was entitled to the value of the oil and
-bone.
-
-The subject of the second lawsuit was a bowhead in which we were
-interested, and a big one, too. Both our vessel and another one laid
-claim to it. When, on a very fair day for that part of the world,
-bowheads were sighted, all our boats were lowered. As a rule the
-captain of a whaler did not go in a boat, but remained on the ship
-with the cooper, steward, cook, spare hands and so forth. But now
-and then the captain would take a hand in whaling.
-
-Twice before, during the voyage, Captain Gamans had commanded a
-boat, and each time had been unsuccessful. There was a little fun
-among the men over the captain’s failure—of course, with
-themselves—and I happened to hear a remark one day from Silva which
-made me believe that the officers had a little fun also, among
-themselves, at the captain’s expense. I have the impression that the
-captain wanted to make good, for on this day he decided to go in the
-boat.
-
-There were several bowheads in sight, and rather far off. Our men
-pulled away lustily, but when we were pretty near a big fellow, shy
-and sly, like all of his kind, down he went, and when he came up the
-signal from the ship showed him so far away that we gave up the
-chase. Two other boats were in pursuit of whales, and they, too,
-were unsuccessful, while the fourth boat made fast to a bowhead.
-Then there was a commotion in the boat, the men moving around
-quickly as if something had happened. Lakeum said, “It’s the
-captain’s boat. I hope he hasn’t had any more bad luck. It looks to
-me as if they have cut the line. I hope nobody’s hurt. We’ll make
-for her.” And so we did, while the two unsuccessful boats put back
-to the ship.
-
-When we came up, the captain told us that they had hardly struck
-when there was a kink in the line, and they immediately cut the
-warp. “But,” he exclaimed, “there are two irons in him, and there is
-nothing to do but chase him up. The whale didn’t sound for a long
-period and the direction he took was to wind’rd.” There was no
-stepping the mast and setting the sail, so the men in the two boats
-tugged away at the oars.
-
-We pursuers were soon outdistanced. Our own ship had not been able
-to work to windward, and so had to beat her way in the direction we
-were taking. As Lakeum pushed on my oar, he said, “These bowheads
-are so shy and cunning you are only sure of them when they are
-cut-in and stowed down. It may be that fellow will hold up till we
-reach him, but I should feel more satisfied if it was a sperm.”
-
-We had been pulling for an hour or more, and we were tired and, I
-think, pretty cross, when Lakeum said, “There’s a boat clear ahead,
-and, as far as I can see, it’s fast to a whale.” This was
-encouraging, if the whale were the one the captain’s boat had lost.
-But what chance was there? I think if it had been put to vote, our
-men would have voted that the chase was a foolish one. But it wasn’t
-a foolish one. Even sailors are often mistaken as to things which
-happen on the sea. Our boat was just a little ahead of the captain’s
-and when we arrived the whale was in the last flurry and soon rolled
-over. Captain Gamans was an assertive man, and was never much
-troubled with modesty.
-
-“That whale belongs to me,” he shouted.
-
-It had seemed to me that the captain took some risk in his
-assertion, but nothing ventured, nothing gained.
-
-“Guess again,” said the mate of the other boat.
-
-“You’ll find two fresh harpoons in him, with the cypher of my ship
-on them,” insisted Gamans.
-
-The mate of the boat merely ignored our captain and gave orders to
-attach the tow-line. The men obeyed as if they were unaware that
-there were claimants of the whale in the neighborhood.
-
-Captain Gamans was exasperated and shouted, “My ship’s harpoons are
-in that whale, and I claim the whole carcass, bone and all.”
-
-“Keep on claiming,” replied the mate.
-
-“I can see the line attached to the harpoon, and I’m going to keep
-on claiming my ship’s property, and I’m going to have it, too.”
-
-“How are you going to get it?” inquired the mate, who now looked
-defiance, and kept changing the lance from one hand to the other, as
-if he was about to use it for some other purpose than on the
-bowhead’s body.
-
-“I’m going to cut out them harpoons and examine them myself.”
-
-“No, you’re not.”
-
-“We’ll see about it. You know what the usage is—you see our vessel
-there working up from the leeward. What does that mean? Here are our
-two boats in the open sea. What does that mean? Here’s a whale with
-fresh harpoons in him. What does that mean? And the whale killed by
-the boat of another vessel, for there’s your vessel to the windward
-bearing down on us. What does that mean?”
-
-“What are you, a lawyer? You talk as if you was making an argument
-to a jury, but there’s only six men in the boat and that’s only half
-a jury.”
-
-This produced a laugh, and our captain was now furious.
-
-“Did you hear what I said?” he shrieked.
-
-“No, I didn’t. I was calculatin’ how much this old fellow would stow
-down and how much bone he would yield. Then I was figurin’ how much
-the whole thing would bring in money. Then I was makin’ out what we
-men in this boat would get on our lays. When a man’s usin’ his mind
-on heavy matters, he ain’t got no time to attend to little things.”
-
-Our boat was between the captain’s and that of the stranger. Captain
-Gamans called out, “Lakeum, back water and give me a chance.”
-
-I saw that Lakeum did not want to comply, but the command was from
-his superior, and he was bound to obey. Lakeum gave the order in a
-slow tone, and we oarsmen responded with more alacrity, for we
-wanted to see what the outcome would be. As the captain’s boat
-advanced, he exclaimed:
-
-“Now I’m going to show you the harpoons of my ship in that whale.”
-
-“No, you ain’t.”
-
-“There they are,” declared the captain, “and the short warps
-attached to them.”
-
-“You can’t prove it,” roared the stranger.
-
-“We’ll see if I can’t,” retorted the captain.
-
-The bow of our boat touched the stranger’s on the port side, near
-the stern. Each man brandished his lance, and it looked like a
-battle, which might result perhaps in a tragedy, when a voice rang
-out:
-
-“Jessup, put up your lance. I’ll handle this matter.”
-
-In our excitement we were not aware that a boat had been
-approaching, and now, as we heard the sharp command and turned to
-look at the craft, we rightly inferred that it belonged to the
-vessel bearing down on us from the windward.
-
-Our captain fixed his gaze on the stranger; the expression of anger
-left his face; his lips just parted; his eyes sparkled. Then he
-muttered, “I can hardly believe it.” But he did seem to believe it,
-for he called out, “Is that you, Gates? I thought you was in New
-Bedford.”
-
-“Well, Gamans, I knew you wasn’t there, but I didn’t expect to see
-you here. I thought you was in the Arctic this season.”
-
-“I was last year, but where did you come from, Gates?”
-
-“I’m master of the _Oriole_, the old ship you and I were
-boat-steerers in some years ago. And there she is, bearing down on
-us. But what’s this row about?”
-
-“Your mate is laying claim to my whale. We struck him a while ago
-and the lines parted. Then we followed him up with all speed and
-when we got here we found that your mate’s boat had put irons in
-him, and the whale didn’t turn over until after we arrived.”
-
-“Can you show your irons in him?”
-
-“I can, if I have a chance.”
-
-There was a laugh all around, and the mate of the _Oriole_ seemed to
-assent to the merriment, for a faint smile lighted his countenance.
-
-“I’ll give you the chance,” Gates responded.
-
-The two captains examined the leviathan, and, sure enough, there
-were two fresh irons in the whale with a short piece of warp
-attached to each. We laid on our oars, awaiting the result. Captain
-Gamans examined the harpoons carefully and then, turning to Captain
-Gates, said, “There’s our cypher stamped in each of them.”
-
-Captain Gamans maintained that the case came within the usage
-acknowledged and followed by whalemen. Captain Gates replied, “I
-don’t know but it does, Gamans, but I can’t give up that whale for
-old friendship’s sake. I have my owners to look out for as well as
-officers and crew. It seems as if our men did some of the killing.
-Be that as it may, I’ll tell you what I’ll do. You take the whale
-and then we’ll gam this evening and draw up some kind of an
-agreement which shall state all the facts to satisfy our owners, and
-which may be evidence in court, if the case can’t be settled in any
-other way. I want to see your ship, for I’ve never been in her
-before. But you know the _Oriole_ of old, so I’m going to invite
-myself aboard of your vessel.”
-
-“Good,” said Captain Gamans. Then he continued earnestly, “What’s
-the news from home?”
-
-“The chief news is the war.”
-
-“What war?”
-
-“The Civil War.”
-
-“I didn’t know that war could be civil. I thought it was pretty
-uncivil.”
-
-“Don’t you know there’s war between the North and the South?”
-
-“What do you mean?”
-
-“Why, the southern States have left the country—that is, they
-haven’t cleared out, but have left the government and set up one of
-their own. Each side has armies, and there’s fighting going on.”
-
-“I declare,” said Captain Gamans. “This is the first time we’ve
-heard of it. We learned that a man named Lincoln was elected
-President, but the war’s a surprise.”
-
-We were all excited, and as we pulled for our ship there was general
-regret that we knew so little of the great conflict, and that it
-would be many months before we should know more.
-
-The vessels kept near each other that night—what night there was. At
-about six bells Captain Gates came aboard, and some of us were
-anticipating a nice gam with the men who brought him in the boat,
-when Lakeum came to me and said, “The captain wants you in the
-cabin.”
-
-What did it mean? I had no right in that part of the ship unless
-summoned; and, indeed, I had not been in the cabin since the voyage
-began. Was I supposed to be guilty of some offense, and was I to
-appear before the captain as a criminal appears before a judge?
-
-I entered with mingled fear and anticipation, and received from
-Captain Gamans the curt statement, “I sent for you because you’re a
-good penman, as I’ve seen from your handwriting in the logbook. And
-you’ve had a better education than most of us, even if you are a
-boy. We shall want you in a few minutes. Sit down there until we are
-ready, and keep quiet.”
-
-I complied, but my heart was with the visitors on deck, and I
-listened listlessly to the rambling conversation of the captains.
-The only subject of any interest to me was the reference to their
-going in the boats, and this ended the colloquy.
-
-“How many times have you been in the boat, Gates?” asked our
-captain.
-
-“Three times.”
-
-“What luck?”
-
-“None, twice—third time, uncertain. And you, Gamans?”
-
-“Three times.”
-
-“What luck?”
-
-“None, twice—third time, uncertain.”
-
-Both men saw the joke and laughed heartily.
-
-Captain Gamans fumbled about and brought out some letter paper, a
-small bottle of ink, which had not been opened, and an aged
-penholder to which was attached a rusty pen. I dug out the cork of
-the bottle with a knife, and then the two captains began their
-dictation. There was little difference in their view of the
-situation and in their respective claims to the whale. The trouble
-seemed to be their inability to express themselves in proper
-English, and I was quite proud when they relied on me, occasionally,
-to supply a word and straighten out their sentences, although, by
-their manner, they seemed to regard me, all the time, as an
-inferior. To shorten the story, the agreement, in its final form was
-as follows:
-
- It is agreed by the captains of the _Oriole_ and
- _Seabird_ as follows: The captain’s boat of the
- _Seabird_ struck a bowhead in the Okhotsk sea. The
- harpoons held, but the lines parted, and the bowhead
- made off. Two _Seabird’s_ boats followed the whale in
- the direction he took. It was a long pull, for the whale
- was out of sight. At last the two boats came up to where
- a boat of the _Oriole_ had struck and was killing a
- bowhead. The mate of the _Oriole_ used the lance and the
- bowhead rolled over after the Seabird’s boats had
- arrived on the spot. The captain of the Seabird claimed
- the whale as belonging to his ship, and the mate of the
- _Oriole_ denied the claim. While a discussion was going
- on, the captain of the _Oriole_ came up in his boat and
- interfered, and it was agreed between the captains that
- they should examine the whale to see if there were fresh
- harpoons in him. Pretty soon they found two with a small
- end of line attached in each case. On washing the irons,
- they found in them the cypher which showed that the
- irons belonged to the _Seabird_. Both captains lay claim
- to the whale. They have drawn up this agreement for the
- benefit of their owners, and, if their owners cannot
- agree as to who owns the whale, then this statement may
- be used in court as a true statement of the facts, if
- the court agrees to its being used. Both of us have
- signed our names hereto.
-
-When I had made a good copy of the above stipulation, that is, as
-good a copy as I could make with the worthless pen, I passed the
-paper over to my superiors for them to sign.
-
-“You sign first, Gates.”
-
-“No, you sign first, Gamans.”
-
-“I’ve got a little rheumatism in my hand, Gates.”
-
-“I’ve got a kink in my forefinger, Gamans.”
-
-I wanted to say, “What is the use of making all this fuss? Neither
-of you can hardly more than sign his name, but that’s no disgrace.
-Some of the ablest captains have little education and, if they had
-been educated, they probably never would have risen to be captains.
-And here you two men are acting like old women who, when they sign
-their names, give all manner of excuses because their handwriting is
-so poor.”
-
-“Give me the pen, then,” said our captain.
-
-It took a mighty effort for him to write his name. He twisted his
-body and cramped his fingers, and, when the task was over, handed me
-the pen with a gesture of impatience.
-
-I said, in a very respectful tone, “Don’t you think you had better
-write underneath the words, ‘Captain of the _Seabird?_’”
-
-“Look here, young fellow, do you suppose I am going to write a
-book?” he replied, sharply.
-
-“The boy’s right, Gamans.”
-
-“I think it will do no harm if I do it for you, as you have written
-your name in full,” I suggested.
-
-“Go ahead, then.”
-
-Then Captain Gates repeated our captain’s performance, and the
-last-named deliberately folded up the paper and put it in his
-pocket. “Where do I come in, Gamans? How can you keep that paper
-when I ain’t got none?”
-
-“I’ll keep it for you; I’m honest.”
-
-The two men had been very friendly that evening, and a bottle and
-two empty glasses in sight justified at least the inference of
-conviviality. It looked for the first time like a clash, when I
-modestly intimated that a copy might be made and executed like the
-original. Consent was given, and the copy was made and signed with
-the same fuss which attended the execution of the original.
-
-Serenity restored, Captain Gates said, “I’ll tell you where I’ve got
-you, Gamans. It’s in the long distance you rowed from the time you
-struck the whale and lost him until you reached our boat.”
-
-“And I’ll tell you where I’ve got you, Gates. When our boats got up
-to the whale, your mate hadn’t used the lance, and the whale hadn’t
-yet rolled over.”
-
-A glance from Captain Gamans told me that I was dismissed. I was
-glad to get forward where the visiting crew were. They were giving
-our men the news from home.
-
-When one of them caught sight of me, he blurted out, “Hullo, Tom
-Haggass, the last time I saw you, you were raidin’ my father’s
-orchard.”
-
-“Well,” I rejoined, “the last time I saw you was three years ago,
-when you cut a caper and were threatened with the State Reform
-School. Besides, I’m not Tom Haggass. My name is Homer Bleechly.”
-
-A roar greeted the rejoinder. The captains appeared. As the boat
-pulled away we gave them a hearty parting. A quarrel had been
-averted and a good time enjoyed.
-
-Now as to the whale. The usage was on our side and, when we reached
-home, we learned that it had been affirmed by the court in a case
-whose facts were almost identical with ours. The oil and bone of
-that bowhead brought forty-five hundred dollars.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER XIV
-
- PITCAIRN ISLAND
-
-
-We left the Okhotsk in September, with twelve hundred and fifty
-barrels of whale oil and thirteen thousand pounds of bone, besides
-the sperm we had taken. When it was learned that we were bound home
-and, presumably, were not to call anywhere, there was discontent and
-grumbling among the men. The captain was condemned for two reasons.
-We needed a supply of vegetables and meat, and the men were now so
-weary of the sea that they wanted shore leave once more. Fancy,
-then, our satisfaction when word was passed round that the captain
-proposed to call at Pitcairn Island and remain there for several
-days. This meant that we would take on board fruit, vegetables,
-goats, fowl and so forth. When I was a little boy, my father told me
-all about the mutineers of the _Bounty_, and their residence on
-Pitcairn Island for nearly twenty years without the world knowing
-anything about them or they knowing anything about the world. Later
-I read the story of Fletcher Christian and his companions, and, in
-my last year in High School, and not long before shipping on the
-_Seabird_, I wrote a composition on the subject, which I now offer
-as a schoolboy’s narrative:
-
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
-In the latter part of the eighteenth century, a vessel, named the
-_Bounty_, was sent out from England to Tahiti to obtain young
-breadfruit plants and carry them to the West Indies. It was thought
-that their cultivation would produce an excellent article of food
-for the negroes on the plantations. Of this vessel William Bligh was
-captain and Fletcher Christian was mate. The voyage was not a
-pleasant one, and there was great discontent because of the poor
-food and the cruelty of the captain. The vessel arrived at Tahiti in
-October, 1788, and remained there several months, while officers and
-crew were engaged in gathering breadfruit plants and stowing them
-away on the vessel. On April 4, the vessel set sail. There was no
-abatement of Bligh’s tyranny, his treatment of Christian being
-particularly harsh and abusive. The accusations of falsehood and
-theft, and the recollection of the indignities he had been compelled
-to bear with patience and forbearance during the voyage forced
-Christian to mutiny, as he knew that it would be fruitless, as a
-junior officer, to bring his superior to a court martial. Bligh and
-eighteen others were put in a boat and cut adrift. A landing was
-effected by them at an island about thirty miles distant, where one
-of their number was killed by the natives. Thence they set out on
-the open sea and, after a voyage of over thirty-six hundred miles,
-and encountering all kinds of weather, and enduring great sufferings
-from hunger and thirst, they reached a Dutch settlement on the
-island of Timor. They eventually reached England.
-
-Christian, having become captain of the _Bounty_, took the vessel to
-the small island of Toubouai and then to Tahiti. There all the
-mutineers preferred to remain except Christian, Alexander Smith and
-seven others. These last took wives at Tahiti and six men as
-servants, and embarked and set sail. When Bligh and his associates
-reached England, much interest was manifested in his adventure, and
-the British Government took steps to apprehend the members of the
-_Bounty’s_ crew who had remained at Tahiti. A number of them were
-brought back to England and tried, and three of them were found
-guilty, and executed.
-
-We now return to the _Bounty_. Fletcher Christian belonged to an
-English family of repute and prominence. A brother was a learned man
-and a college professor.
-
-The design of Fletcher was to seek some island where he and his
-companions would be safe from discovery. Captain Cartaret, in 1767,
-discovered a solitary island in the Pacific Ocean between Australia
-and South America and named it Pitcairn after a midshipman who was
-the first to observe it. A copy of Captain Cartaret’s “Voyage to the
-South Seas” was among the books left on board the _Bounty_, and its
-description of this lovely island, it is thought, determined
-Christian to seek it as a probably safe retreat for himself and
-companions. Because of the want of correctness in the latitude and
-longitude, laid down by Cartaret in the charts, the cruise lasted
-several weeks. At last they sighted what was apparently a rock,
-rising high in the ocean. It was a welcome sight, although there was
-nothing to indicate that there was a beautiful interior with fertile
-valleys and mountain sides clothed with palms. The _Bounty_ was
-beached at a bend in the shore, which has ever since borne the name
-of “Bounty Bay.”
-
-On landing, Christian divided the island into nine portions, one for
-himself and the remainder for his companions. Then everything was
-removed from the vessel—planks from her sides, nails, bolts, masts,
-spars, sails, and her cargo of provisions, tools, guns, ammunition,
-implements, goats, pigs and hens. Then they set fire to the hull and
-it was completely burned up.
-
-Christian now became a changed man. He stocked a cave with water and
-provisions and would spend whole days there, evidently intending to
-make it his retreat in the event of pursuit and discovery, and, no
-doubt, indulging in bitter reflections. For three years all went
-well, and then trouble began when the whites endeavored to impose
-upon their native servants. A plot to kill all the white men was
-discovered by their wives, and thwarted. This plot was followed by
-another, which partially succeeded. Christian was shot dead, while
-cultivating his garden, and four of the other Englishmen were also
-despatched. The survivors, feeling that they were not secure from
-attacks, determined to destroy all the Tahitian men, and this
-purpose was carried into effect.
-
-If quiet and contentment followed these barbarities they were of
-short duration, for tragedies were in store. One of the four, named
-McCoy, made an ardent spirit from a root, and he and one Quintail
-were constantly intoxicated. McCoy threw himself from some rocks,
-and was killed, and Quintail became so threatening and dangerous
-that Young and Smith, the last of the nine, destroyed him to
-preserve their own lives. This was the last scene in the dreadful
-drama.
-
-Edward Young and Alexander Smith now experienced a complete change
-of life. Resort was made to a Bible and prayer-book, which Christian
-had brought with him, and which he himself had studied. Daily,
-morning and evening prayer was established, as well as a system of
-religious instruction. Young did not long survive, and in 1800
-Alexander Smith was the sole surviving man on the island. In the
-meantime children had been born, and the responsibility and the
-direction of the affairs of the little colony rested on Smith.
-
-Nearly twenty years passed without the world knowing what had become
-of the _Bounty_, when information came in a curious and interesting
-way. In September, 1808, the attention of Mayhew Folger, captain of
-the American ship _Topaz_, was called to a rocky island rising
-abruptly from the sea. Smoke was seen, and there were other signs of
-habitation. A tremendous surf was beating on the shore, and the
-captain was doubtful about a landing place, when a canoe was seen
-approaching. The occupants hailed the new arrivals in good English,
-and cordially invited them to land. The captain declined, but a
-sailor volunteered to go in the canoe, provided the ship stood in
-near to the land, so that he might swim back, if an attack was
-attempted. On landing, the sailor was accosted by Smith, who told
-him the whole tragic story of the _Bounty_, and informed him that
-the birth of children had brought the population to thirty-five
-persons, and that he was the sole guardian and instructor. This
-intelligence was communicated to the captain, and he landed
-forthwith. Smith was anxious, after the long exile, to learn the
-world’s news. So the captain gave him an account of it, laying
-emphasis on the fact that a little man named Napoleon Bonaparte had
-come to the front, in France, had usurped the throne and had overrun
-Europe with his armies, but that England had won great victories on
-the sea—an announcement which was greeted by Smith with the
-exclamation, “Old England forever!”
-
-When Captain Folger gave his story to the world, the interest taken
-in it soon subsided, and six years elapsed before the island was
-again visited. In 1814 two British frigates—the _Briton_ and the
-_Tagus_—appeared, but this was accidental, as the island was not
-laid down on their charts. A canoe came out to the _Briton_ and
-there was a request from one of the two occupants, “Won’t you heave
-us a rope now?” When asked, “Who are you?” he replied, “I am
-Thursday October Christian, son of Fletcher Christian, the mutineer,
-by a Tahitian mother, and the first-born on the island.” His
-companion was Edward Young, son of the midshipman of that name in
-the _Bounty_. Thursday October Christian was so named for the day
-and month of his birth. Every one was impressed by the courteous
-deportment of the young men, and they were shown over the ship. They
-were absorbed in everything, astonished when they saw a cow, which
-they took to be a large goat, and greatly interested in a little,
-black terrier. Edward Young observed, “I know that is a dog. I have
-heard of such things.” Refreshments were offered them in the cabin.
-Before partaking, and at the conclusion of the repast, they sought
-the divine blessing.
-
-When the captains went ashore, they were received by Smith, who had
-changed his name to John Adams since the visit of Captain Folger, to
-avoid recognition. He was hardly more than fifty and was hearty and
-robust in appearance, but his countenance was that of one aged and
-worn. He disclosed to his visitors the terrible events which had
-occurred, but he stoutly maintained that he took no part in the
-mutiny, and he expressed his disapproval of Captain Bligh’s
-treatment of both officers and men. When asked if he would like to
-return to England, he replied in the affirmative and expressed his
-love for the land of his birth; but his family and friends would not
-allow of his leaving the island.
-
-The officers were not only impressed with the moral aspect of the
-community, but were greatly interested in the natural beauty of the
-island. Its mountains rose to a height of more than a thousand feet
-above the sea, and about their summits circled countless sea-birds.
-The slopes down to the water’s edge were covered with groves of palm
-and coconut and breadfruit trees. In the valleys tropical fruits
-were produced in abundance, and the visitors were particularly
-interested in the Taroroot, from which bread was made. The only
-songster was a small species of flycatcher, but, later, warblers
-from Valparaiso were introduced.
-
-On an elevated platform stood the little village of Pitcairn. The
-houses surrounded a grassy square, protected by palisades to
-preserve it from the depredations of goats, hogs, and poultry which
-roamed about the island. The houses were built of boards, the sides
-and ends planed and made to ship and unship on account of the warm
-weather. The interior of the houses bespoke comfort and cleanliness,
-and the beds and bedding were very neat. Each dwelling had a pen for
-hogs, another for fowl and a building for manufacturing cloth. The
-linen was made of the bark of the paper mulberry tree, steeped in
-water, and then beaten out to the proper thickness by pieces of
-wood. Varieties of cloth were also made from the breadfruit tree and
-a kind of fig.
-
-The visitors were assured that each person considered his possession
-as held for the general good, so disputes were easily settled; and,
-if hasty words were uttered, the offender was ever willing to make
-amends. Adams deeply impressed the captains of the frigates. They
-made a favorable report to the Admiralty, but little interest was
-taken, and Pitcairn was neglected.
-
-At length, John Buffett, one of the crew of a whale ship which
-touched there, was so pleased with the place that he manifested a
-desire to remain, and he was released from the ship. Not long after
-another sailor, John Evans, joined the community. Both men married
-Pitcairn girls. In 1825 the _Blossom_, Captain Beechy, a British
-man-of-war, appeared off the island. During his stay of three weeks,
-Captain Beechy gave close attention to conditions, customs and
-proceedings. Sunday was strictly observed, and there were five
-services in the day. Meals were prepared the day before, so that
-there might be little work on the Sabbath. The fare consisted of
-pork or fowl, which, according to the Tahitian method, was baked
-between stones. There were vegetables, bread or pudding made of the
-taroroot, and breadfruit. At this time there was enough water for
-all wants, the supply coming from tanks cut in the rocks. There was
-only a small natural stream. Captain Beechy touched upon the mutiny.
-Adams talked freely, but affirmed that he had taken no part in it.
-
-In 1828 a third seafaring man came to the island and became, like
-Evans and Buffett, a permanent settler. His name was George Hunn
-Nobbs. On March 29, 1829, John Adams, the beloved pastor and
-teacher, passed away, and Nobbs succeeded him.
-
-On his return, Captain Beechy memorialized the Admiralty, stating
-that as the population increased there would be a scarcity of both
-water and food.
-
-In 1830 there were eighty-seven persons in the colony, which was
-visited by a long drought; and fears of a famine were entertained.
-On the Government’s proposal, they all removed to Tahiti, where
-Thursday October Christian died. The lax morals of the inhabitants
-were distasteful to the Pitcairners, and the Buffett family and a
-few others returned to the island only to find their plantations
-ruined by the animals which had run wild in their absence. Soon
-after an American brig brought back the remaining families, and all
-set to work to restore their ravaged houses and gardens.
-
-Now all seemed favorable again, but a bitter experience was awaiting
-them. Soon appeared a man named Joshua Hill, who announced that he
-had been sent out by the Government to assume direction of the
-affairs of the island. He assumed absolute authority and proved
-himself as great a tyrant as he was imposter. Nobbs, Buffett and
-Evans were compelled to leave the island. Fortunately in 1838 Hill
-was taken away to Valparaiso, and the exiled men returned.
-
-The island now was more frequently visited by ships, and Pitcairn
-became better known to the world. In 1848 the surgeon of a vessel
-named the _Colypso_ was conducted to the east end of the island and,
-reaching a place, the approach to which was extremely dangerous, he
-made drawings of figures on the face of the rocks which represented
-the sun, moon, birds and even human beings. On his return the people
-showed him ancient spear and arrowheads.
-
-Captain James Wood of the _Pandora_, which arrived in July, 1849,
-gave, in a letter, an interesting account of the settlement and
-people. He described the young folks as good looking, having fine
-teeth, pleasant faces and fine figures, generally clad in a long
-white jacket with a dark-colored wrapper fastened around the waist
-and hanging down to the ankles, wearing neither shoes nor stockings,
-and having large and broad feet. He also said that their hair was
-long, kept clean by the aid of coconut oil, and so turned up behind
-as not to need a comb.
-
-As the population increased, it was regarded as desirable for the
-whole colony to be transported to Norfolk Island. This conclusion
-was reached with profound regret. The total number thus conveyed was
-one hundred and ninety-four. Elaborate preparations were made for
-them, and their reception was a kind one.
-
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
-After writing my composition it appeared that, in 1858, two families
-by the name of Young returned to Pitcairn and other families soon
-followed. In October, 1860, the inhabitants numbered seventeen.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER XV
-
- THE VISIT TO PITCAIRN
-
-
-While our voyage had been a successful one, our outfits were not all
-exhausted; we had material enough for the capture of a few more
-sperm whales provided we could see them. The captain, however, was
-anxious to reach home, and orders were no longer given to shorten
-sail at night. So the old _Seabird_ made pretty good time for a
-vessel of her type. There was not a member of the crew who had not
-heard of Pitcairn, and one had visited the spot, and he was loud in
-his praises of it and the people. This was before the departure to
-Norfolk in the early fifties of the last century. He told us of the
-kindness of the Pitcairners, of the noble bearing of the men and of
-the beauty and kindness of the women.
-
-“I took a great fancy to two of them—John and Ruth Quintail,” he
-said. “They were grandchildren of one of the mutineers. John was
-twenty and Ruth eighteen. They did everything they could do for a
-common sailor like me. They were both pretty religious like most of
-the people, but they were full of fun. They could swim like ducks,
-and while I was there Ruth swam round the island. She used to wear
-an orange blossom in her beautiful hair. Our American girls are
-called fair, but she was the fairest girl I have ever seen. I
-suppose Ruth and John are at Norfolk Island now and will never go
-back to Pitcairn.”
-
-Our interest constantly deepened, and I think that even the staidest
-old tars were as expectant as if they had been boys. There are no
-coral reefs around Pitcairn; it is of volcanic origin and is
-sometimes likened to a rock rising out of the ocean. It is only two
-and a half miles in length, and a mile in width. It was about midday
-when we caught sight of it. While the ocean seemed rather calm, yet
-as we drew near I noticed what I had already read, that the waves
-dashed fiercely against it. There was only one place suitable for
-landing, and even then a boat had to be skilfully managed in order
-to avoid disaster. When not far from shore the ship was hove to, and
-then a white flag was displayed which told that they saw us and that
-we were welcome. Soon a boat put out and, as it came alongside, I
-noticed that it was a dugout. One of the two occupants was
-particularly interesting to me. As he moved about the deck he caught
-sight of me and, approaching, said:
-
-“You and I must be of about the same age. I am sixteen and my name
-is James Russell.”
-
-He was so pleasant and unassuming that I could not help saying to
-myself that he would never make a sailor. Our visitors extended to
-the captain a cordial invitation to visit the island and assured him
-of a warm welcome. Of course this was intended to include officers
-and crew. The captain made fitting acknowledgment, rather unusual
-for one generally so abrupt, and replied that on the morrow there
-would be shore leave for all except the few required to manage the
-ship.
-
-We were like schoolboys that night, anxious and expectant. In the
-dawn the island seemed one high peak covered with green creeping
-plants and trumpet vines. As we approached in the boats a man
-standing on an elevation showed us where to land. The surf was
-beating fiercely on rock and beach, but we glided ashore without any
-casualty. Nearly all of the eighteen then inhabiting the island were
-there to receive us. Russell sought me out and brought me to a young
-woman to whom I was presented in a very pleasant way. Her name was
-Sarah McCoy.
-
-The ascent was slow as the path leading to the upland was very
-steep. On arriving at the top, we were told that the large open
-space was the market-place where trading was carried on with the
-whalemen who occasionally called at the island. Thence we passed by
-a pretty path winding through tropic trees to what was called the
-town. Many of the buildings showed signs of neglect, the result of
-the abandonment of the island only a few years before. Our guests
-had restored some of the buildings, and to our surprise the interior
-of the houses and their furnishings were about the same as those of
-our own homes in America.
-
-Now let me describe Sarah McCoy. She was eighteen years of age and
-while she was of dark complexion and had raven black hair, which was
-prettily decorated with an orange blossom, yet in form and feature,
-in conversation and deportment, there was much of the Anglo-Saxon.
-Her attire was of tappa cloth, although I was told that all the
-islanders had European clothing. Her teeth were beautiful. The
-features were regular and the combination was pleasing. We were told
-that we were to be parcelled out among the people for dinner, and it
-was arranged that I was to be one of six who were to enjoy the
-cooking of Sarah McCoy.
-
-The young girl said, with a laugh, “We are the most civilized people
-in the world, in one respect, and that is cooking. We have no
-stoves, yet we cook food in a very short time, and we think very
-much better than food cooked in stoves. The dinner is all prepared
-and there is only one thing to do to make it ready for the table.
-Come, James Russell and I will show you over the island.”
-
-The girl was so artless, innocent and winning that I was quite
-carried away with her. She was full of fun, and at times almost
-boisterous with laughter, but modest and natural withal. Everywhere
-we went we saw goats, pigs and fowl running wild, and I knew that
-this meant a bountiful supply for our ship. I wish I could fittingly
-describe the scenery. From countless fragrant herbs and lime and
-orange trees delicious odors filled the air. The coconut trees were
-supplied with tall plumes which waved gently above our heads, and I
-should have thought that I was in some land of enchantment, far away
-from the world, had it not been for the sound of the breakers
-beating against the shore.
-
-My companions led me to a rocky elevation overlooking the sea.
-
-“How beautiful!” I exclaimed.
-
-“Yes, beautiful to you,” said young Russell, “but we see it all the
-time. We study and read about England and America and long to see
-the beautiful things there, isn’t that so, Sarah?”
-
-“Yes, indeed,” replied the young girl. “How much I would like to see
-England, for in reality we are all English here.” The young girl
-paused and soon continued, “They tell me that the American girls are
-bright and beautiful. Is it not so?”
-
-What could a great boy like myself say to a question like that? I
-think she meant to relieve me of my embarrassment, for she said
-cheerily,
-
-“Tell me about the American girls—how they look and what they do?”
-
-In my simple boyish way I tried to comply, but not very
-successfully; and I think she helped me out some by asking a second
-question before I could answer the first. Suddenly she broke out,
-“There are two things that girls do the world over—they sing and
-dance. I would like to hear your girls sing and see them dance. I
-suppose we all sing alike but we dance differently. We have a simple
-dance which came to us from our Tahitian grandmothers. Yours is
-different; you glide around in kind of circles, I think; but that
-would be impossible for me.”
-
-I think that, if the girl had thought a moment, she would not have
-made this allusion to her large bare feet which had never known
-shoes. There was a troubled look to her eyes. Then there came a
-ringing laugh.
-
-“But we girls can put our feet to a noble use. Swimming is as easy
-to us as it is to the water fowl. We take to it from infancy. Only
-yesterday I swam round the island.”
-
-“Swam round the island!” I exclaimed.
-
-“Yes, that is nothing,” she said. “It is only about five miles.”
-
-And now Young Russell plied me with all kinds of questions about
-American boys—how they looked and what they did—and about American
-cities and what they looked like. I endeavored to answer as well as
-I could. When it came to cities, I told him I never had been in but
-one—the little city I came from.
-
-And so we strolled back to the point of departure, chatting away
-like old friends meeting after a long separation. It was with deep
-interest that I watched the preparation of the food that was to
-constitute our repast. Sarah’s mother was there—not so dark as her
-daughter, but comely and pleasant.
-
-“Come,” said the young girl, “and see how your dinner is prepared
-and cooked.”
-
-Just outside the house was a hole in the ground which was used as an
-oven. Sarah covered the bottom of it with fresh plaintain leaves.
-From a fire near by heated stones were pitched into the hole and
-covered with another layer of leaves. Then yams, breadfruit and
-sweet potatoes, four large fowl wrapped in tappa cloth, and three
-great cakes, made of yams and plaintains beaten up and similarly
-covered, were laid in. Over them all were placed more leaves and
-heated stones, and over the stones another great layer of leaves.
-Above all, to keep in the heat, was laid a piece of old canvas.
-Pointing at it, Sarah said with a laugh:
-
-“That came from a ship which stopped here, and it is the only thing
-you see to remind you of civilization. Now in civilized countries,”
-she continued, “it takes a long time to cook things. In twenty
-minutes to half an hour, gentlemen, your dinner will be ready. The
-steam does it.”
-
-I never before had taken Kreelman for a wit, but this time he was
-equal to the occasion.
-
-“The steam does it, miss, just as you say. And there’s a place in
-America where they ain’t civilized because they cook with steam,
-too.”
-
-I think we were all as surprised as we were interested.
-
-“Where?” was the general question.
-
-“And they use rockweed instead of plaintain leaves.”
-
-That gave us sailors the clew, and we laughed.
-
-The girl was puzzled. Kreelman asked:
-
-“Did you ever hear of a Rhode Island clambake, miss?”
-
-Of course she had not, and Kreelman enlightened her as to the
-similar method of cooking with heated stones. In twenty-five minutes
-Sarah threw off the canvas and we men pitched off the stones. Sarah
-tested the good things with a fork, and pronounced them well done.
-Then pointing at what looked like a coffee-pot on the live coals of
-the fire near by, she said:
-
-“There is something that looks like civilization. In it is a drink
-that tastes like coffee, which we make from roots and herbs.”
-
-We sat down in the house, and the women proposed to wait on us; but
-we protested. So the good things were brought in, and we all sat
-down together. And what a repast! One may say that the things merely
-seemed delicious because we had lived for many months on ship fare.
-Perhaps that quickened our appetite, but after all these long years
-I must say that I never enjoyed a better-cooked meal. After we rose,
-I noticed on the wall a picture of Queen Victoria, and beneath it
-written in a large, free hand a National Anthem, composed by
-Reverend G. H. Nobbs. He was the beloved pastor who was now with
-most of his flock at Norfolk Island. There were three stanzas. I was
-granted permission to copy them. The first stanza is as follows:
-
- ’Mid the mighty Southern Ocean
- Stands an isolated rock,
- Blanchèd by the surf’s commotion,
- Riven by the lightning’s shock.
- Hark those strains to heaven ascending
- From those slopes of vivid green,
- Old and young, their voices blending—
- God preserve Britannia’s Queen!
-
-After dinner, a messenger announced that a little later hosts and
-guests would meet in the open space just in front of the houses,
-which constituted what they called the town. Our little party was
-there early, and a pleasant thing it was to see the people gather;
-an islander, for example, coming with three or four of our men, all
-talking and laughing, and making one feel that he would like to
-exchange the trials and turmoil and temptations of the world for the
-sweet rest and quiet of this little island. Our hosts entertained us
-with songs, concluding with the National Anthem which was rendered
-with fine effect. Then our captain whispered to Lakeum, who in
-chosen words expressed our gratitude for the hospitality rendered
-and wished the colony abundant blessings and especially happiness
-and prosperity. I think we were all proud of Lakeum, and we were
-fortunate to have him as our spokesman, as he was the only one of
-our company who was capable of creditably expressing himself.
-
-The leave-takings were reserved for the place where we had landed,
-and a happy throng we were as we strolled along to the shore. If
-some difficulty attended our landing, more awaited our departure.
-Ours was the first craft to confront the surf and, staunch old
-whaleboat as it was on the open sea, it was unequal to the
-situation, for over it went, tumbling us all into the water. A loud
-laugh went up from the spectators, and several of the islanders
-plunged into the sea to help us. We righted the boat and, under the
-directions of our friends, mounted the crests successfully, and the
-other boats followed us. But something else followed us as well—the
-kindly adieus of the Pitcairners.
-
-The next day liberty was given the shipkeepers, and the captain,
-Lakeum and Silva went ashore with them, carrying trade to be
-exchanged for supplies. We were notified that the bargaining would
-take a good part of the day, and that on the appearance of the white
-flag we were to lower the boats and make for the shore. About the
-middle of the afternoon, the signal appeared, and three boats put
-out. As we rested on our oars at a spot about a hundred yards from
-the beach, we witnessed the storing in the native dugouts of pigs,
-goats, fowl, fruit and vegetables, which were to be transferred to
-our craft. The islanders were so apt and clever that the transfer
-was easily effected, and as we pulled for the ship I saw Sarah for
-the last time. She was standing on a bank waving her hand, and
-Russell was beside her. He joined with a parting gesture. I
-experienced a feeling like that which distressed me when the
-_Seabird_ slipped from her moorings at the beginning of the voyage.
-It was a touch of homesickness.
-
-Now the island peak loomed in black outline against a pale green
-sky; heavy clouds hung about the western horizon glowing with
-crimson imparted by the sun which had just gone to his setting; the
-waves were tinted with reflected hues. I was not in a frame of mind
-to enjoy the spectacle. My thought was of the maiden whom I should
-never see again, and the dew gathered in my eyes.
-
-The crew felt kindly towards the captain, and they lauded him highly
-for giving them such a royal treat. As we set sail, they were happy
-and elated, and their joy was increased when they were informed that
-we were not going round the Horn, but were to make for home through
-the Strait of Magellan. The shortening of the voyage was the
-interesting feature. They had no conception of the difficulties and
-dilemmas they were to encounter in that hazardous passage—frequent
-fogs, hidden rocks and sudden squalls.
-
-When Kreelman and I had a few minutes together, he said: “Fancy
-Chest, I never was in the Magellan Strait, but a sailor who was on a
-merchantman told me that they went through there, and he never had
-such a time in his life. He said that there was a mile for every day
-in the year, and it took a week to get through. Once they scraped
-along a hidden rock, and just escaped shipwreck. I don’t know why
-the old man wants to go through there, but I suppose he does. I
-never knew of a whaler goin’ through there before. Bad as the Horn
-is, it’s free sailin’ there. I hope the oil, bone and ambergris is
-insured.”
-
-This expression of Kreelman’s views was not encouraging.
-
-“How did you like the day on shore?” I inquired.
-
-“A great day for sailors. The old man done himself noble in giving
-us shore leave, and the Pitcairn folks done themselves proud in
-entertainin’ us. It was somethin’ like one of them nice, little
-places in a hot land. You know what I mean.”
-
-Kreelman looked at me, appealingly. “I think you mean an oasis in
-the desert,” I volunteered.
-
-“That’s it, Fancy Chest, an oyster, only not in the desert, but in
-the ocean.”
-
-The man mused, then broke out, “You heard Lakeum give that talk.
-There ain’t no man among edicated men who could have done better.
-I’ve been on the sea about all my life and I never see before a man
-on board a whaler like that man. You never hear no bad language and
-he acts different from the other men. He treats the men well, but he
-don’t allow no nonsense. And then he carries himself well. He’s got
-an edication, and he come from first-class folks, but, as I told you
-long ago, you can’t find out nothin’ about him. I guess, if all
-whalers was made up of men like him, they’d be better places to live
-in.”
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER XVI
-
- HOMEWARD BOUND
-
-
-We saw no whales as we went south, and we approached the Strait of
-Magellan under what seemed to be favorable auspices. The weather was
-fair, the sea was tranquil and the scenery was picturesque. The
-strait is three hundred and sixty miles in length, and from five to
-thirty miles in breadth. Patagonia is to the north, and the island
-of Tierra del Fuego to the south. As we entered the strait and, for
-a good many miles as we proceeded, we saw lofty ranges covered with
-snow and immense glaciers, and between them patches which looked
-like dark forests. The third day the weather changed, and navigation
-became more difficult. The fog set in and, though we had seen no
-vessels, the captain deemed it wise to be cautious, and we made only
-about three or four knots an hour. In the late afternoon the fog
-lifted, and the captain made for the shore of Tierra del Fuego. The
-sea became more boisterous, the sky assumed a threatening aspect,
-and the captain gave orders to throw the lead. When four fathoms was
-reported, he gave orders to heave to, to take in sail and put out
-two anchors. In the meantime the sky grew blacker, and we all worked
-with a will to have the ship snugged up and ready when the storm
-broke.
-
-[Illustration: The sea became more boisterous, and the captain gave
-orders to throw the lead.]
-
-When it came, it was more like a hurricane than a squall, and it
-came without any warning other than the troubled aspect of sea and
-sky. It seemed as if all the wind in the world were gathered in one
-terrific blast and that, too, for our especial benefit. It nearly
-swept the men off their feet and drove them to cover; it fairly
-shrieked as it swept through the rigging, and the only good thing
-about it was that it lasted less than half an hour.
-
-Kreelman said to me, “I rather think after all that the old man
-knows his business. I believe he’s made the voyage through here
-before and he knows just what to do and when to do it. By the way,
-Fancy Chest, who was that man Magellan they call the strait after,
-was he a Nantucket whaleman?”
-
-“Oh, no. He lived a hundred years before the _Mayflower_ came over.
-He was a Portuguese, but sailed for a Spanish king. In 1520 he made
-the passage through this strait from east to west, and was the first
-white man to cross the Pacific Ocean. He gave it the name of
-Pacific, stopped at the Philippines and was killed there by the
-natives.”
-
-“He had some grit, didn’t he? If he hadn’t been killed, I rather
-think he would have returned by the way of the Horn.”
-
-We remained at our anchorage all night. The watch reported another
-storm towards morning, only less violent. At daybreak the sea was
-calm, and a boat appeared. Never had I seen and never have I since
-seen such a spectacle of destitution, misery and wretchedness. The
-boat was a rude affair, propelled by clumsy paddles. In the center
-on a stone foundation was a fire, or rather a bed of live coals. The
-occupants of the boat were Fuegians, small in stature, badly formed
-and only half-clad. It would be difficult to picture people more
-inferior and degraded. Some huddled over the fire, and others
-stretched out their arms while they muttered something which we
-assumed to be a request for food or clothing. The cook threw them
-some scraps, and, as we weighed anchor and were off, they called to
-us in tones from which we judged that they regarded our bounty as a
-scant one.
-
-Lakeum came forward and said to me, “What do you know about these
-Fuegians?”
-
-“I read up about them when I was at school. They are of a low order
-of intelligence and are treacherous and degraded.”
-
-Lakeum declared, “Let me tell you what an officer in our navy told
-me. He said that their vessel once called at the northerly side of
-the strait and that the Patagonians, though living close to salt
-water, never ventured from shore. What little they knew about
-boating pertained to fresh water. They had a circular craft for
-crossing shallow streams. They would dump into it whatever was to be
-transported; and then a horse was attached and he drew it to the
-other side. This officer also said that the Fuegians would cross the
-strait, steal anything they could lay their hands on, and, putting
-off in their boats with their plunder, would laugh at the
-Patagonians standing on the shore and unable to follow them.”
-
-We were a week in making the passage, and a hard week it was, too.
-The brief hurricanes came towards night, and the captain made due
-preparations, as he had warning of their coming. Fogs came and went;
-the air was raw and the desolation and solitude were relieved only
-once when we sighted a steamer in the distance. The mere glimpse of
-her improved our spirits and gave us courage. At the middle of the
-strait there were large mountains at the north, and small hills at
-the south. Here, on the Patagonian side, was a white settlement
-called Sandy Point, and used by the Chilean Government as a penal
-colony. We ran so near shore at this place that we could plainly see
-a little group of Patagonians. They were of large structure and
-powerfully built. I have since learned that the statement that many
-Patagonians are seven feet high is untrue. As we approached the
-eastern entrance to the strait, we noticed that the shores were low
-and reddish in color, and apparently sandy. Once more in the
-Atlantic we began to sing lustily the familiar song “Homeward
-Bound”, the first and last stanzas of which are as follows:
-
- We’re homeward bound, oh, happy sound!
- Good-by, fare ye well,
- Good-by, fare ye well!
- Come, rally the crew and run quick around,
- Hurrah, my bullies, we’re homeward bound!
-
- We’re homeward bound, may the winds blow fair,
- Good-by, fare ye well,
- Good-by, fare ye well!
- Wafting us true to the friends waiting there,
- Hurrah, my bullies, we’re homeward bound!
-
-In a couple of weeks we began to see whales, and lowered several
-times, but they eluded us. When we reached the Rio de la Plata, we
-captured a sperm whale that boiled down sixty barrels. Imbedded in
-the body was a harpoon which had evidently been there for a long
-time. It had become so rusted that we could not discover a trace of
-the owner’s or ship’s name. I always took an interest in trophies
-and asked Lakeum if I might have it. My request was granted, and the
-rusty old reminder of the lost art of whaling is still in my
-possession.
-
-As we neared home, Kreelman began to take an interest in my
-welfare—no longer with sharp words and in a haughty manner, but
-rather as a father gives counsel to a son.
-
-“Fancy Chest,” he said, “I come from poor folks back in the country,
-so I thought I would like to follow the sea. I was a young fellow
-when I reached New Bedford and shipped on a whaler, and in a few
-years I’ll be an old man. I’ve been on the sea a good part of my
-life, and I don’t know nothin’ but salt water. Now what have I made
-out of it? Mighty little. I’ve never spent the little that was
-comin’ to me, but put it by for old age. I haven’t any home or any
-friends, and all my folks is dead. I shall ship on whalers so long
-as they’ll let me, and I may die on shipboard and be buried at sea,
-but it doesn’t matter whether on land or sea. Now what are you goin’
-to do, Fancy Chest—follow the sea or stick to the land and do
-somethin’ else?”
-
-“The sea looks pretty attractive to me. I was warned before I left
-home that the foremast hand got very little out of a voyage. Every
-one on this vessel is going to get a little fortune, and why
-shouldn’t I follow the sea?”
-
-“You forget,” Kreelman rejoined, “that the ambergris is a good part
-of our catch, and you might sail the seas a hundred years without
-seeing another pound of it. I suppose you hope to be a captain some
-day, but it’s a long road before you get there. Then, if you marry,
-you are away from your home about half of your life. Remember that
-all voyages are not successful. If you stick to the sea you’ll never
-have a voyage that begins to equal this one. Then there’s another
-thing. I suppose you think this crew are just like the crew of any
-other vessel. No, they ain’t. Except gettin’ rid of that fellow at
-the Azores, this voyage of ours has run as smooth as oil. If you go
-on another voyage, it may be worse than bedlam.”
-
-Kreelman’s counsel set me to thinking, and as the days went by I
-weighed the advantages and disadvantages of a whaleman’s life. Then
-I thought of my mother—how hard it was for her to give me up, and
-how it pained her to part with me. I was still young, only in my
-eighteenth year, and the world was all before me. Then and there I
-determined to say to my mother at our meeting that one voyage was
-enough, and that I would seek employment on the land.
-
-Days passed, and as we neared home the Civil War was a constant
-subject of conversation. We had, of course, no definite information,
-so we indulged in conjecture. Late one day we saw smoke many miles
-astern of us, and we assumed that it came from a burning ship or
-from a steamer. The smoke increased in volume, and we soon saw that
-the object, which was apparently pursuing us, was a steamer. Some
-one said it might be a cruiser. From this inadvertent remark grew
-the general belief that it was a cruiser. It would soon be dark, and
-word was given to wet the sails. The water was passed up in buckets
-and the men worked diligently. The hope was that the darkness would
-protect us, but that hope was soon abandoned, for our supposed
-pursuer was fast gaining upon us. After capture the oil would be
-burned with the ship, but what should be done with the ambergris? It
-was suggested by some one that it be cut up into small pieces and
-concealed upon our persons, but there was not time enough to resort
-to that expedient. Nearer and nearer came the great black object,
-belching out its clouds of smoke. There was nothing on our part but
-resignation and also reflection on a wonderful voyage ending in
-collapse and ruin. When within half a mile of us the steamer veered,
-and in a short time passed us. They must have seen the old whaler,
-but she was too insignificant for recognition. The reaction brought
-relief, and the relief was followed by laughter.
-
-On the last day of April we sighted Block Island, and soon a pilot
-boat made for us. When the pilot boarded us he called out to the
-captain,
-
-“What’s your ambergris worth?”
-
-“How’d you know about that?” asked the captain.
-
-“Why, all New Bedford is talkin’ about it. They say there’s more
-interest taken in your voyage than in any other since whalin’ begun.
-You’ll have a lot of visitors when you drop anchor.”
-
-The wind came from the southwest and we made good time, soon
-reaching the Elizabeth Islands and then passing into the bay. We
-anchored at about the place from which we had sailed nearly three
-years before. The sharks at sea were quick to gather round the
-carcass of a whale; so were the gentlemen on land, of the same name,
-quick to gather on the deck of our vessel. These were the visitors
-the pilot referred to. One of them shook me vigorously by the hand,
-remembered me perfectly, was sure he had fitted me out before I
-sailed, and would do the right thing by me now, if I would go to his
-shop.
-
-“You are mistaken,” I declared. “You didn’t fit me out. My outfitter
-was a woman.”
-
-“A woman!” he exclaimed.
-
-“Yes,” I said, “my mother.”
-
-Just then some one tapped me on the shoulder. I turned and beheld my
-old friend, the shipkeeper. How delighted we were to meet again! How
-pleasant it was to hear that my parents were well!
-
-“Bleechly,” he remarked, “don’t have anything to do with the
-outfitters. Our boat is going up soon, and we’ll take you and your
-chest along. By the way, how did you like Lakeum?”
-
-“Fine. I pulled the stroke oar in his boat.”
-
-“Yes, he is a fine man,” said the shipkeeper, thoughtfully. “It’s
-rare indeed that you find a man like him on a whaler.”
-
-The captain and officers went with us in the boat. Glad as I was to
-be home again, I felt some regret in parting from the old vessel,
-scarred from the battles with wind and wave and reeking with grease
-and oil. I gave Lakeum a pressing invitation to go home with me and
-meet my parents, but he courteously declined. He showed feeling when
-I thanked him for his kindness to me during the voyage. I ordered
-the chest sent up to the house and walked briskly myself, so as to
-anticipate its arrival.
-
-Of my meeting with my parents and of the assurance conveyed to my
-mother that I had done with the sea, I propose to say nothing. Happy
-was our home and delighted was my mother with the things I brought
-her—the handiwork of the South Sea islanders, and of the inhabitants
-of Pitcairn. That evening all the boys I had ever known, including
-my old classmates, crowded into the house and made a hero of me. All
-the articles I had brought were scanned and handled as if they were
-precious and invaluable. Strange and ridiculous questions were
-asked, which I answered with great dignity and with solemn demeanor.
-The ambergris was, of course, the subject of animated discussion.
-Its value naturally was greatly exaggerated, one boy putting it at a
-million dollars. Then the watch was taken up, and all kinds of
-questions were asked as to its make and value. These I could not
-answer, because I had not received it. When the boys took their
-departure, most of them said that they were going to sea. My mother
-smiled and observed that their parents would have something to say
-upon the matter.
-
-How strange that night it seemed to stretch out in a bed! How
-difficult it was to compose myself to sleep! My little room had not
-been occupied since my departure, and now for the time being the
-three years seemed to be obliterated and I was a boy once more under
-my father’s roof. At last sleep stole on. I was visited by pleasant
-dreams and, when I awoke in the morning, I exclaimed, “Where am I,
-where am I?” only to find that I had forsaken the forecastle for the
-home of my youth, and as good a home as any boy ever had.
-
-The voyages were to be settled on the following day, so I told my
-parents that, before officers and crew separated, there were three
-of our number whom I desired to invite to the house, and they
-approved my purpose. I made search that morning for Lakeum. Again I
-wanted to press him to come to our home. I could get no trace of
-him. At last I bethought me of the shipkeeper.
-
-“Bleechly,” he said, “Lakeum’s gone and left a power of attorney
-with a friend to settle his voyage. From what he said I think it
-likely that he’ll never go whaling again.” Thus this man, who had
-been such a true friend to me, and who had won the esteem of all the
-men under him for nearly three years, passed out of my life. I never
-saw him or heard of him again.
-
-I found Kreelman in an outfitter’s establishment and I urged him to
-honor our home with his presence at supper that evening. He seemed
-touched and voiced his thanks most courteously but declined my
-invitation. Then I looked up Ohoo and found him in a sailor’s
-boarding house in the company of some questionable-looking
-individuals. I called him to one side and extended an invitation to
-supper.
-
-“Me go, me tank ’ou,” he replied.
-
-When I introduced him to my mother, in the afternoon, she observed,
-“My son has told me how kind your family were to him in their home
-in Honolulu, and now we are only too glad to have you in our little
-home here in New Bedford.”
-
-“Me tank ’ou. Me sing and dance.”
-
-Ohoo conducted himself at our humble table with credit. His manners
-were better than those of many people of opportunities and
-education. In the evening he sang some of his quaint and weird
-native songs, and he indulged in dances which caused merriment and
-won applause. Just before he left my father cautioned him as to the
-care of the money he was soon to receive, and suggested that the
-savings bank take care of it during his absence on the next voyage.
-As a fact, the counsel later was followed, and, when Ohoo went to
-sea again, a goodly sum was standing to his credit in the
-institution my father named.
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER XVII
-
- SETTLING THE VOYAGE
-
-
-On the following morning, my attention was called to an article in
-the local newspaper declaring the voyage of the _Seabird_ to be the
-most remarkable, if not the most profitable, in the history of
-whaling. The find of ambergris was pronounced to be without a
-parallel, and the announcement was made that gold watches were
-offered as prizes—one to the man who first sighted the largest
-bowhead that was captured, and the other to the man who first saw
-the largest sperm whale which was also taken. The article proceeded:
-
- The keenness of sight of the Gay Head Indians is
- proverbial, and to a foremast hand of that colony was
- awarded the prize for the largest bowhead captured. It
- is with great pleasure that we announce that one of our
- New Bedford boys was a successful competitor. Homer
- Bleechly, who shipped on the Seabird as a foremast hand,
- when hardly more than a boy, displayed the most
- remarkable powers of vision, actually raising more
- whales than any other man on the ship. One day when in
- the crow’s nest with the Gay Header beside him, he
- surpassed that vigilant individual in discovering the
- low bushy spout of a sperm whale at a point on the
- horizon where his companion could detect nothing but the
- mere movement of the waves. The whale thus sighted
- proved to be a monster, and as fierce as he was
- physically great. He smashed two boats and severely
- injured two seamen. The oil he yielded stowed down just
- one hundred and forty-one barrels.
-
-This statement, so far from the truth, astounded me. I learned that
-the information was furnished the newspaper by one of my
-over-zealous friends. It had the effect of advertising my success,
-which it will be remembered was due to a mere accident, and hence
-deepened the interest in the watches.
-
-My father told me that, in settling the voyage, he did not advise
-the employment of a lawyer. He remarked, “You will have to pay a
-lawyer at least twenty-five dollars, and it’s money thrown away.
-Sailors now are too smart for the lawyers. This is the way they do.
-Where two men have the same lay and the same outfit and have had the
-same amount out of the slop chest, during the voyage, they agree
-that one of them shall have a lawyer. So this man goes in with his
-lawyer and his voyage is settled and he is paid off; and he pays his
-lawyer twenty-five dollars. Then the second man goes in all alone,
-and his voyage is settled and he is paid off. Then these two men get
-together and compare notes, and, if they find that the settlement is
-fair, one of them being twenty-five dollars out of pocket, in go the
-rest of the crew in a bunch, to settle, and the twenty-five dollars
-is borne by the whole crew. You don’t want a lawyer. However, the
-only thing you want to look out for is the ambergris. It’s rarely
-they find it, but some druggist may know what the last lot brought.”
-
-I followed the suggestion, and the druggist I visited said, “The
-last lot came in about fifteen years ago. There were thirty pounds,
-all in good condition, and it was sold in Boston for seven thousand
-dollars. I believe the substance is worth just as much now as it was
-then.”
-
-It was about eleven o’clock when I went with my father to the
-owner’s office. Most of the crew were gathered outside on the wharf.
-When we entered, the only people present were the Quaker, the
-bookkeeper, one of the foremast hands and a lawyer.
-
-“The only matter left,” said the lawyer, “is the ambergris. I
-understand that it is more valuable than diamonds.”
-
-The Quaker rejoined, “I prefer to have thee talk dollars and cents.
-I belong to the Society of Friends, and know nothing of the value of
-precious stones, jewels and so forth. Friends have no use for such
-things.”
-
-“Well, the lump is over three hundred pounds, and I’ll settle at the
-rate of a thousand dollars a pound—Three Hundred Thousand Dollars
-for the whole thing.”
-
-“Not in this office,” said the Quaker quietly.
-
-“Well, on what basis will you settle?”
-
-“I will settle on the basis of a fair valuation and no other.”
-
-Then the lawyer launched out with a great flow of words, accompanied
-by violent gestures, to show what he considered was a just
-valuation, concluding, “What do you think of that?”
-
-“I think, my friend, that thee indulges in too much unprofitable
-language,” was the reply.
-
-“Well, then let’s hear your views,” said the lawyer.
-
-The Quaker expressed himself as follows, and to this day I remember
-how clearly he presented his views and how free he was from
-excitement.
-
-“We have had no trouble in agreeing on the value of the oil and bone
-as a basis of settlement and now the only difference relates to this
-lump of ambergris weighing three hundred pounds. It has been
-examined and found to be in very fair condition. The highest price
-it is likely to bring is not three hundred thousand but seventy
-thousand dollars. I naturally assume some risk as to quality and
-price. I will settle on the basis of sixty-five thousand dollars,
-and, if that isn’t satisfactory, thee may bring suit or do anything
-else thee pleases.”
-
-The lawyer grumbled a little, muttered something to his client,
-backed down entirely, watched with keen eyes the payment of the
-amount due his companion and accompanied him to the door as if he
-were a brother.
-
-The Quaker smiled and observed to my father, “I will settle with
-this young man after the second sailor has been dealt with.”
-
-Hardly were the words uttered, when that individual appeared. And it
-was no other than Ohoo. Negotiations were soon concluded and Ohoo
-made his mark, took his money and then looked beseechingly at my
-father, who notified the merchant that he was to see to it that
-Ohoo’s money was safely guarded.
-
-“I approve of thy purpose,” the Quaker responded.
-
-Ohoo departed, and almost immediately returned, accompanied by the
-rest of the crew. After they had been dealt with, the settlement
-with my father was soon over. The ruling prices as to oil and bone
-were accepted, and sixty-five thousand dollars for the ambergris was
-agreed to.
-
-“This is a remarkable case,” said the Quaker, as he handed my father
-a little over eight hundred dollars. “Thy son has had nothing from
-the slop chest, and he receives the largest amount I have ever paid
-a sailor for a single voyage since I have been in the business.”
-
-The Quaker took from a drawer a couple of watches, and held them up
-before his silent and interested audience. He observed, “I have now
-a very pleasant duty to perform. It is to bestow a gold watch upon
-our friend from Gay Head, who sighted the largest bowhead captured,
-and another upon this young man, who was the first to announce the
-largest sperm whale taken.”
-
-The Gay Header showed a row of beautiful teeth as he took the watch;
-and he caused much laughter when he put it up to his ear, evidently
-to find out whether it was going.
-
-As I stepped forward, I did not extend my hand, but said, “I don’t
-know as I ought to take the watch, sir. My discovery of the whale
-wasn’t due to sharp eyes, but to luck. The big fellow had sounded at
-a place far off from us and happened to come up pretty near the
-ship. I happened to be the first one to see him.”
-
-“Nevertheless, the watch belongs to thee.”
-
-Then addressing the crew, he inquired, “Isn’t that so, my friends?”
-
-There was a loud “Yes.”
-
-My gratitude was twofold—to the Quaker merchant for his generosity,
-and to my companions, most of whom I was never to see again, for
-their kind approval.
-
-My money was later disposed of to the entire satisfaction of my
-parents, and now for the closing incident—the watch. My father went
-to his work, and I went home. The watch came out of my pocket every
-time I passed any one, and, as I passed a good many people, it came
-out a good many times. When I reached home, my mother handled it as
-tenderly as if it had been a baby, and loudly praised my Quaker
-benefactor. When evening came the visitors exceeded those of the
-night before. Every one wanted to handle the watch, and I was afraid
-that they might wear it out before they got through with it. Again I
-was asked all kinds of questions about the voyage, and particularly
-about the whale which brought me such good fortune. This was rather
-a delicate subject. But I was fair enough to say that the case was
-not a very meritorious one. That night I slept with the watch under
-my pillow.
-
-The next morning I walked up Union Street just as the merchants and
-other business men were going to their offices and places of
-business. In a jeweler’s window was a standard clock, and I noticed
-more than one passer-by stop and take out his watch and compare the
-time. This gave me an opportunity to display my timepiece. So I took
-it out with a great deal of pride, and to my surprise and grief it
-was fifteen minutes slower than the clock. My head was hot, my eyes
-were misty and my heart beat violently. I put the watch to my ear,
-and lo! it had stopped. I walked up the street in a dazed condition,
-turned into a side street and sat down on a doorstep. I was at a
-loss what to do, but at last, having pulled myself together, I
-returned to the jeweler’s and, entering, handed him the watch and
-asked what the matter with it was. He opened it with an important
-air and examined it carefully and oh! so slowly.
-
-His face was lighted by a faint smile as he said, “It will take ten
-days to repair it, and it will cost you fifteen dollars.”
-
-An outlay of fifteen dollars on a watch that was not fit for an
-ashheap! I stammered some excuse and took my departure. All my
-faculties were now awake, and the course of procedure was plain. I
-made haste to the Quaker’s office. I stood out on the wharf and,
-looking through the window, saw him, apparently as placid as ever,
-at work at his desk. I had determined to give him a perfect blast,
-and, while I was trying to summon the language I proposed to use,
-some one spoke to me. It was my old friend, the shipkeeper. He saw
-that I was disturbed and asked the cause. I told him my story and
-finished by declaring that I was going into the office and upbraid
-the Quaker for his treatment of me.
-
-“I wouldn’t do that,” said my companion, “until I had been to
-another jeweler. There are two things a man can buy and never know
-what he’s buying—one’s a horse and the other is a watch. Another
-jeweler may tell you a different story. Suppose you go to one.”
-
-This advice had an excellent effect, and I followed it. I sought an
-old watchmaker and silversmith who had a long established record for
-skill and honesty. There was something fatherly about him, and his
-face always wore a pleasant expression. His examination was slow and
-thorough. When completed, a smile spread over his countenance, as he
-said:
-
-“That’s a fine watch, and there is nothing the matter with it. The
-trouble is you forgot to wind it last night.”
-
-
-
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-<h1 class="pgx" title="">The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Boy Whaleman, by George Fox Tucker,
-Illustrated by George Avison</h1>
-<p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
-and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
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-<p>Title: The Boy Whaleman</p>
-<p>Author: George Fox Tucker</p>
-<p>Release Date: July 18, 2020 [eBook #62689]</p>
-<p>Language: English</p>
-<p>Character set encoding: UTF-8</p>
-<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BOY WHALEMAN***</p>
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<h4 class="pgx" title="">E-text prepared by Roger Frank<br />
- and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br />
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-<table border="0" style="background-color: #ccccff; width: auto; margin: 0 auto;" cellpadding="10">
- <tr>
- <td valign="top">
- Note:
- </td>
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- Images of the original pages are available through
- Internet Archive. See
- <a href="https://archive.org/details/boywhaleman00tuck">
- https://archive.org/details/boywhaleman00tuck</a>
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-</table>
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<hr class="pgx" />
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-
-<h1>THE BOY WHALEMAN</h1>
-<div class='section'></div>
-<div id='ifpc' style='margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:10.0%; width:80%;'>
- <img src='images/ifpc.jpg' alt='' style='width:100%' />
-<p class='caption'>In less than a minute the bow just touched the big fellow’s body.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='section'></div>
-<div style='text-align:center; text-indent:0; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; '>
-<div style='font-size:0.9em;margin-bottom:1em;'>The Beacon Hill Bookshelf</div>
-<div style='font-size:1.4em;margin-bottom:1em;'>THE BOY WHALEMAN</div>
-<div>By</div>
-<div style='font-size:1.1em;margin-bottom:1em;'>George F. Tucker</div>
-<div style='font-size:0.8em;'>With Illustrations in Color by</div>
-<div style='margin-bottom:1em;'>George Avison</div>
-<div>Boston</div>
-<div>Little, Brown, and Company</div>
-<div>1925</div>
-</div>
-<div class='section'></div>
-<div style='text-align:center; text-indent:0; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; '>
-<div style='font-size:0.9em;'>Copyright, 1924,</div>
-<div style='font-size:0.9em;margin-bottom:1em;'>By George F. Tucker.</div>
-<div style='font-size:0.9em;margin-bottom:1em;'>All rights reserved.</div>
-<div style='font-size:0.9em;margin-bottom:1em;'>Published August, 1924.</div>
-<div style='font-size:0.8em;font-variant:small-caps;'>Printed in The United States of America</div>
-</div>
-<div class='section'></div>
-<table class='toc tcenter' summary="" style='margin-bottom:3em'>
-<thead>
-<tr>
-<th colspan='2' style='font-weight:normal;padding-bottom:1em;'>CONTENTS</th>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
-<tr><td class='c1'>I</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chI'>Preparing for the Voyage</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>II</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chII'>At Sea</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>III</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chIII'>About Whales</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>IV</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chIV'>The First Chase</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>V</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chV'>Capturing and Cutting-in</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>VI</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chVI'>Trying-out and Rounding the Horn</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>VII</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chVII'>Recruiting and Shore Leave</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>VIII</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chVIII'>The Prize Whale and the Rescued Boat</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>IX</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chIX'>Honolulu and Off To the Arctic</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>X</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chX'>Experiences in the Arctic</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>XI</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chXI'>Honolulu Again, and Sea Tales</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>XII</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chXII'>The Coast of Japan and the Carolines</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>XIII</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chXIII'>Whose Whale was It?</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>XIV</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chXIV'>Pitcairn Island</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>XV</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chXV'>The Visit to Pitcairn</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>XVI</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chXVI'>Homeward Bound</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='c1'>XVII</td><td class='c2'><a href='#chXVII'>Settling the Voyage</a></td></tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-<div class='section'></div>
-<div style='text-align:center'>ILLUSTRATIONS</div>
-<ul style='list-style-type:none;'>
-<li style='margin-bottom:0.5em'><a href='#ifpc'>In less than a minute the bow just touched the big fellow’s body</a></li>
-<li style='margin-bottom:0.5em'><a href='#i051'>Jake partly lost his balance, and the captain seized him</a></li>
-<li style='margin-bottom:0.5em'><a href='#i139'>Out of the thicket sprang our shipmate</a></li>
-<li style='margin-bottom:0.5em'><a href='#i149'>I shouted “B-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s. There he breaches!”</a></li>
-<li style='margin-bottom:0.5em'><a href='#i281'>The sea became more boisterous, and the captain gave orders to throw the lead</a></li>
-</ul>
-<div class='section'></div>
-<div style='text-align:center; text-indent:0; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; '>
-<div style='font-size:1.4em;margin-top:4em;'>THE BOY WHALEMAN</div>
-</div>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chI' title='I: PREPARING FOR THE VOYAGE'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER I</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>PREPARING FOR THE VOYAGE</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>When I was a boy, New Bedford was not, as it is now, a great
-manufacturing city, but the best known and largest whaling port in the
-world. The wharves were then busy places; there vessels were “fitted”,
-as they used to say, and sent out on their long voyages; other vessels
-returned and discharged their cargoes. Great casks of oil were arranged
-in rows on the wharves; those that were sold were carted off on curious
-old trucks called gears, and those that were to await a better market
-were given a thick covering of seaweed. Everybody talked ships and oil.
-One would hear people say, “The <i>Janet</i> is reported in the Indian Ocean,
-clean,” that is, had taken no oil; “The <i>Adeline</i> is heard from in the
-Pacific, having made a ‘good cut’,” that is, had taken a lot of oil;
-“There is news from the <i>Marcella</i> from the other side of land, having
-done well.” “The other side of land” meant the other side of the world,
-as Australia and New Zealand, in the waters round which many whalers
-used to cruise.</p>
-<p>My father, when a young man, went whaling for a single voyage which
-lasted for more than three years. He was a sailor, or, to use the
-regular phrase, a foremast hand, and at the end of two years he became a
-boat-steerer or harpooner. When I was a little boy he used to take me on
-his knee and tell me stories about the life of the whalemen,—of chasing
-whales and harpooning them; of angry whales smashing boats and chewing
-them to bits; of towing whales to the ship and cutting them in and
-trying them out; of losing the ship and remaining all night in the open
-boats; of encountering great storms and riding them out in safety; of
-meeting after many months another New Bedford vessel, and getting the
-latest news from home, and of visiting in the Pacific Ocean islands
-inhabited by savages.</p>
-<p>At an early age I made up my mind to go to sea. On Saturday afternoons I
-used to roam about the wharves and sometimes ventured into the ships,
-only to be ordered out. But one day a man, called a shipkeeper, was very
-kind to me. The shipkeeper was the man who had charge of the wharf and
-the ships moored to it. He was a kind of general manager. They were
-taking out the cargo from a vessel.</p>
-<p>“Haven’t I seen you around here before?” he asked.</p>
-<p>“Oh, yes, many times. I’ve been down here on the wharves nearly every
-Saturday afternoon for several years.”</p>
-<p>“How old are you?”</p>
-<p>“Twelve.”</p>
-<p>“What is your name?”</p>
-<p>“Homer Bleechly.”</p>
-<p>“I suppose you would like to go to sea—wouldn’t you?”</p>
-<p>“Indeed, I would.”</p>
-<p>“As cabin boy?”</p>
-<p>“Yes.”</p>
-<p>Then he said thoughtfully, “Not yet, boy, not yet. It’s a hard life, so
-you’d better wait awhile.”</p>
-<p>“That was what my father said.”</p>
-<p>The shipkeeper continued, “You go home and get a basket and a pail, and
-I’ll take you up into the loft and give you something that will make you
-happy.”</p>
-<p>I did as he said, and on my return he took me to a building at the head
-of the wharf, in the front part of which was the merchant’s office, and
-in the story above, a great loft full of whaling gear and a great many
-other things which the vessels had brought home from far islands in the
-Pacific Ocean. There was a boat like a canoe, only larger and better
-shaped. It was different from anything I had ever seen, and was made by
-savages on distant shores. Then there were paddles beautifully made,
-with carvings done, the shipkeeper told me, with shark’s teeth and bits
-of sea shells. There were lots of war clubs and spears and
-strange-looking tools and utensils. I wanted to ship on a vessel at once
-and sail for the Pacific Ocean.</p>
-<p>“Here, boy,” said the shipkeeper, “give me your basket and pail.”</p>
-<p>He reached down into a great cask set on end and took out three large
-objects, each about the size of a football. “These are coconuts with the
-husks on. When you get home take a hatchet and cut off the husks and
-you’ll find the coconut.”</p>
-<p>Then he put a big dipper down into another cask and took up a lot of
-pickled limes and poured them into the pail. This he repeated several
-times. “There, boy,” he said, “now take them things home, if you can
-carry them. But don’t you tell any other boys that you got them things
-here, for, if you do, we’ll be pestered by all the boys in town.”</p>
-<p>When I reached home with my prizes and showed them to my mother, the
-good woman looked troubled. I had often told her that I wanted to go to
-sea and she had done all she could to discourage me. I now renewed my
-desire, and, when my father came home, she took the matter up with him,
-and they both told me how hard the sailor’s life was and how little
-money there was in it.</p>
-<p>“Yes, I know, father,” I said, “but haven’t you taken me on your knee
-and told me all about your own voyage and the strange places you went
-to?”</p>
-<p>“Yes, my dear son, but I didn’t tell you about the unpleasant things and
-the hardships a sailor has to put up with.”</p>
-<p>My home was a happy one, and I was the only child. No one ever had a
-better mother. My father was a good man and a model parent. He earned
-fair wages and provided well for his little family. Why should I be
-discontented? Because, like many a boy, I was unreasonable. Yet, was I
-wholly to blame? Life in a seaport town appeals to the fancy of a boy.
-Longfellow wrote,</p>
-<div style='text-align:center; margin-top:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto'>
-<div style='display:inline-block; text-align:left;'>
-<div class='cbline'>I remember the black wharves and the slips,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And the sea-tides tossing free;</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And Spanish sailors with bearded lips</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And the beauty and mystery of the ships,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And the magic of the sea,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And the voice of that wayward song</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Is singing and saying still:</div>
-<div class='cbline'>“A boy’s will is the wind’s will,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts.”</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<p>I determined to hide on some vessel, and, when she was well out to sea,
-show myself and apply for the position of cabin boy. As I look back upon
-my foolish purpose, I deeply regret my ingratitude to my parents and the
-pain I caused them. In one sense it was a simple thing to run away, but
-quite another to succeed in it. Before sailing, a whaler would drop
-about three miles down the harbor and remain there at anchor for several
-days in charge of the shipkeeper. Then captain, officers and crew would
-go down in boats, weigh anchor, and off the ship would go on her long
-voyage.</p>
-<p>Soon a vessel owned by the merchant who employed my friend the
-shipkeeper was all ready for sea. In the late afternoon I made up a
-bundle of clothes and went down on the wharf and walked aboard the
-vessel in a free and easy way. No attention was paid to me, and
-fortunately the shipkeeper was at the farther end of the wharf. I went
-down into the cabin, and I recall how clean everything was with the
-coating of fresh paint. I crawled into a berth, feeling sure that at six
-o’clock the shipkeeper would lock the door without coming into the
-cabin. By this time I was getting a little afraid and almost wished that
-I was at home. At last I heard the town clock ring out the hour of six,
-and then came a footstep nearer and nearer, and lo! it was the
-shipkeeper. He was startled when he saw me, and for a moment appeared
-angry. Then he said:</p>
-<p>“I didn’t expect to see you here. Didn’t you know that I would have to
-lock up the cabin every night until the vessel sails, and that you would
-surely get caught?”</p>
-<p>“Yes, but I want to go as cabin boy, and I thought that they wouldn’t
-ship me in the office.”</p>
-<p>“Does your mother know you are here?”</p>
-<p>“No.”</p>
-<p>“Don’t you see how foolish this all is? Now get out and I’ll take you
-home.”</p>
-<p>I objected and he insisted. I was ashamed and did not want to go
-home—not that I feared punishment, but because I shrank from facing my
-parents. The shipkeeper took me along with him and left me with my
-mother. I am not going to dwell on what happened at home. I have only to
-say that I had a long talk with my parents that evening, and I promised
-that I would never attempt to run away again and that I never would ship
-for a voyage without their consent.</p>
-<p>But the sea continued to call me, and Saturdays I still visited the
-wharves. I read every volume I could get on the life of the sailor, and
-was particularly delighted with such books as Dana’s “Two Years before
-the Mast”, and Melville’s “Moby Dick.” With the aid of my friend, the
-shipkeeper, I collected all kinds of articles brought home on the ships
-until I had a veritable little museum.</p>
-<p>And here, let me say that my parents took the proper course. My mother
-was apparently troubled, but she conferred with my father, and it was
-agreed that when I was old enough I might go to sea. “When I was old
-enough” was not very definite. I felt that I was old enough then, but I
-knew that my parents thought otherwise. At thirteen I entered the High
-School and at fifteen I felt that I had sufficient education, at least
-for a sailor, and I implored my parents to let me go.</p>
-<p>“You aren’t old enough,” said my mother.</p>
-<p>“But yesterday, mother, you said that I was large and strong for my
-age—as large and strong as a man of eighteen.”</p>
-<p>My mother made no reply, but there were tears in her eyes.</p>
-<p>It was July and vacation. I was restless and impatient. Hitherto I had
-worked during vacations for a cooper, doing odd jobs, but now the cooper
-sent me home with the statement that I was of no use to him. Years
-afterward my mother told me that she and my father conferred and decided
-that it was the best course to let me ship, provided my age was not
-against me.</p>
-<p>In the fifties of the last century, whaling was at its height. In the
-warm weather ships were constantly coming and going. There was no lack
-of vessels, but would they ship a boy of fifteen who was as large and
-strong as a man of eighteen? Of course my father’s consent was
-necessary. I went to my old friend, the shipkeeper. One of his
-employer’s vessels named the <i>Seabird</i> was to sail in a few weeks, and I
-was anxious to go in her.</p>
-<p>The shipkeeper said, “You are big for your years and as strong as a man,
-but a sailor’s life is a hard one. But, if your folks are willing you
-should go, I’ll see the old gentleman and find out what he says about
-your going in the <i>Seabird</i>. Sailors are shipped through the outfitters,
-sometimes called ‘sharks.’ The outfitters provide the men with their
-clothes and various articles, and the owners pay the outfitters and, at
-the end of the voyage, the owners take the amount out of the sailor’s
-shares. If the old gentleman is willing to take you, don’t have anything
-to do with an outfitter, but have your mother provide the outfit, and
-I’ll give her a list of the things you’ll have to take with you.”</p>
-<p>In a few days the shipkeeper said that his employer would see me with my
-father, and in the late afternoon we appeared at his office. The
-merchant was a Quaker, and he appeared at first a little stern. He
-declared that it was unusual for one so young to be taken on a whaler as
-a foremast hand, but my size seemed to justify an exception; that I
-could ship only with my father’s consent; that my parents must see to it
-that I had a good outfit; and that my share or lay would be 1/180. On
-whalers captain, officers and crew shipped on shares or lays, and my
-share or lay was to be one barrel of oil for every one hundred and
-eighty barrels stowed down, and one pound of whalebone for every one
-hundred and eighty pounds taken.</p>
-<p>And now my parents were busy fitting me out. The whaleman, who was to be
-away for several years, required clothing suited to about every climate,
-and an abundance of it. I was provided with needles, linen thread,
-spools of sewing cotton, a shaving outfit, several knives and forks with
-wooden handles, several combs, two pairs of scissors, lots of buttons,
-plenty of soap, a couple of tin plates and a large dipper, a sheath
-knife and belt, three thick blankets, a bedtick and pillow filled with
-feathers, a dozen shirts and undershirts, three suits for light weather
-and a heavy suit with a large overcoat for the Arctic, two pairs of
-thick mittens, four pairs of brogans, one light and one heavy cap, two
-so’westers, two large straw hats and two oilcloth suits. My father added
-a roll of cotton cloth which he said might come handy for trade with the
-natives. Did ever a whaleman have so good an outfit?</p>
-<p>The shipkeeper told me that he would give me some points before sailing,
-so, on the last Saturday afternoon, he pointed to the bow of the
-<i>Seabird</i> and said:</p>
-<p>“You see that heavy oak on the bow, and the iron shoe on the fore foot?
-When you see them things you may be sure a ship’s bound to the Arctic,
-for you have to put her in good shape to battle with the ice. Now you
-stand off a few feet and look at the <i>Seabird</i>. She ain’t as sharp and
-slick as a merchantman, but she ain’t bad looking. Ain’t she nice and
-clean? She’s been well painted, the boats are hanging at the davits, the
-rigging’s been tarred and slushed, topmast spar and yard put in place
-and sails bent on. But, say, she’ll look different from this in a few
-years when she comes home with the paint scratched off, the sails black
-and patched and the old hull greasy from stem to stern. Now you come on
-board.”</p>
-<p>He showed me the spare spars lashed to the deck and told me of the extra
-cables stowed away. Then he took me to the hatchway, and told me to look
-down into the hold. I could see that it was packed with a lot of things.
-The shipkeeper said:</p>
-<p>“On a whaler you live together for a long time and you have to carry
-loads of things with you—stores, trade, slop chest, sails and duck,
-sundries, hardware, copper ware, crockery, provisions, casks, staves,
-lumber, wood, etc. Some of the casks are filled with water, and others
-are packed with provisions, clothing, and so forth. As the provisions
-are used up and the clothing and other articles are called for, the
-casks are ready for the oil. The greatest things on the ship are the
-whaleboats. There are no such boats anywhere in the world. You’ll find
-that’s so before you come back. Now I’ll show you the little house you
-are to live in for many long months.”</p>
-<p>He took me into the forecastle. I went down the little steep stairway
-into a gloomy space largely filled with bunks. I wasn’t so cheerful when
-I came up, and, as I walked home, I thought of the nice little room in
-which I had slept from infancy.</p>
-<p>I have said that this was Saturday. In the evening my schoolmates came
-in. I did not betray my feelings. One of them said, “You look as happy
-as if you had just returned from a voyage.” On the following day my
-parents and I attended service as usual, in the Bethel. This little
-church was founded especially for sailors and was located on what was
-named “Johnny Cake Hill.” It still stands, looking just as it did sixty
-years ago. On the walls of the interior are cenotaphs erected to those
-who lost their lives on the deep. These had never interested me, but
-this morning, surrounded by sailors and realizing that this was my last
-Sunday at home, I thought of the perils in store for me as I read the
-following:—</p>
-<div style='text-align:center; text-indent:0; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; '>
-<div style='margin-top:1em;'>In Memory of</div>
-<div>Capt. William Swain</div>
-<div>Associate Master</div>
-<div style='margin-bottom:1em;'>of the Christopher Mitchell of Nantucket</div>
-<div></div>
-<div>This Worthy Man after Fastening to a whale</div>
-<div>Was Carried Overboard by the Line and Drowned</div>
-<div>May 19th 1844</div>
-<div>In the 49th Yr. of his Age</div>
-<div>Be Ye Also Ready, for in Such an Hour as Ye</div>
-<div style='margin-bottom:1em;'>Think Not the Son of Man Cometh</div>
-</div>
-<p>The ship was at her anchorage in the lower harbor. In a few days came
-the hour of departure. Hitherto I had thought little about parting with
-my mother. Now the thought of it was distressing and the actual
-leave-taking heart-breaking.</p>
-<p>My parents had provided me with a sea chest which was better looking and
-more costly than that of the average sailor. My father accompanied me to
-the wharf, where we found a large gathering, composed of sailors and
-their friends, who had come to bid them good-by. My father showed much
-feeling in his parting words, and like most fathers, he enjoined
-obedience, faithful discharge of duty and exemplary habits. The
-realization of the life upon which I was about to enter came upon me
-with full force. My chest and I were taken aboard of a large catboat,
-and, as we slipped away, I saw my father standing on the wharf and was
-not conscious of the presence of any one else. An incident added to my
-discomfiture. Among all the chests mine was the most noticeable, and
-this fact elicited unkind remarks from some of my companions.</p>
-<p>“It’s a boy’s box,” said one.</p>
-<p>“Full of baby’s things,” observed another.</p>
-<p>“Call it a fancy chest,” remarked a third.</p>
-<p>“Call the young chap himself, ‘Fancy Chest,’” cried a fourth.</p>
-<p>“So we will,” they exclaimed.</p>
-<p>Then one of the men scraped his feet along the chest as if to remove the
-paint.</p>
-<p>Immediately a large, powerfully built man thundered, “Take your feet off
-that box, and all of you let the young fellow alone.”</p>
-<p>They obeyed, and my heart went out to my new friend. I didn’t know who
-he was, but I soon found out. It was three miles to the ship, and as we
-approached her she did look fine, and her appearance cheered up my
-rather faint heart. When we were aboard we were told to get our chests
-into the forecastle, which I had visited before with the shipkeeper. The
-forecastle was supposed to accommodate eighteen, and the bunks were
-arranged around the sides in a double tier. The gloom seemed to deepen
-and, as I was told to take a bunk forward, which was one of the poorest,
-I thought of my mother and wished that I was at home. In a short time
-came the cry, “All hands on deck.”</p>
-<p>When we emerged some one told me to go forward and help work the
-windlass.</p>
-<p>“It’s time to weigh anchor,” he said.</p>
-<p>A “greenie” remarked, “I don’t see how they are going to weigh the
-anchor; they ain’t got no scales.”</p>
-<p>A general laugh followed. We set to work and one of the men started a
-rude chantey, and the old hands joined in. Chanteys are the songs
-sailors sing when at work, and the mere singing seems to make labor
-lighter.</p>
-<p>At last the anchor came up. In the meantime men had been sent aloft to
-shake out the sails, and the vessel started on her long voyage. As I
-caught a glimpse of land and historic land, too, often spoken of by the
-early voyagers, I felt as if I had sundered the last tie with home, and
-I found it difficult to keep back the tears.</p>
-<p>Just then the shipkeeper came to me and said, “I’m going out in the
-vessel and coming back in the pilot boat. Now let me tell you something.
-Even if things don’t go right, keep a civil tongue in your head. Do what
-you’re told to do, and be respectful to those over you, and never try to
-be familiar with them. If you do, you’ll find it won’t pay. Now let me
-tell you something more. The first mate’s name is Coster Lakeum. He
-sailed in this very vessel on the former voyage as third mate. He’s a
-man who doesn’t talk much, but he’s a fine seaman. I’ve told him that
-while you look to be eighteen you’re only fifteen. Don’t ever try to be
-familiar with him, and he may prove your best friend in the ship. You’ll
-be a lucky boy if he should take you for stroke oar in his boat.”</p>
-<p>We had to beat out to sea as there was a head wind. As the vessel tacked
-I was bewildered and wondered how any one could learn the names of all
-the ropes and how to handle them.</p>
-<p>“Get out of my way and get to work,” said a hard-looking, burly fellow,
-jostling me as he said it. He was an American of almost repulsive
-countenance, and a man for whom then and there I conceived a strong
-dislike. Well, I couldn’t work, for I didn’t know how to, and I noticed
-that all the greenies seemed stupid, like myself, and were at a loss
-what to do. The old sailors were handling the ship, and in a couple of
-hours we reached the offing, the pilot boat came up, and my good friend,
-the shipkeeper, shook me by the hand, and he and the pilot stepped
-aboard the little craft and were soon far astern. On our port were the
-islands, on one of which Gosnold made a temporary settlement eighteen
-years before the <i>Mayflower</i> anchored in Provincetown Harbor. While the
-islands bear the name of Gosnold’s Queen, their individual Indian names
-are still retained, and furnish a curious and interesting rhyme:</p>
-<div style='text-align:center; margin-top:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto'>
-<div style='display:inline-block; text-align:left;'>
-<div class='cbline'>Naushon, Nonamesset,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Onkatonka and Wepecket,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Nashawena, Pasquinese,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Cuttyhunk and Penikese.</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chII' title='II: AT SEA'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER II</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>AT SEA</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>When we were well out at sea the vessel began to pitch and roll so that
-I found it difficult to keep on my feet. I would find myself in the lee
-scuppers only to be thrown back again like a piece of rubber. I noticed
-how the old sailors tipped their bodies to avoid disaster, and I tried
-to get my sea legs on and partially succeeded. Even then I slid at
-times, and at last I got hold of a pin and held on. The man who had come
-to my help in the boat, when the sailors were making fun of me, came up
-and said:</p>
-<p>“You greenies are not much use until you have learned the ropes. We
-don’t look to you at all the first day out. Now, boy, let me tell you
-that the chances are you are going to get sick before long, and, if you
-go down into the close, stuffy forecastle, you’ll be a great deal worse.
-I’m the first mate, and there’s no objection to your sleeping on deck
-the first night out. If you do, you may sleep off the sickness and be
-all right in the morning.”</p>
-<p>So he pointed out a place, and I knew then that my friend was Coster
-Lakeum. Pretty soon I began to feel a little sick. It was a don’t-care
-feeling, and it made the other sickness—the longing for home—all the
-more intense. Why did I ever leave my father’s house? Why did I abandon
-my mother’s love and care? I kept back the tears and I kept out of the
-way. When night came I stretched out in the place which had been pointed
-out and began to feel a little better. The air was bracing and the
-thought of home did quite as much to keep me from sleeping as the
-tossing of the ship. There was no one now to see the tears which ran
-down my cheeks. Sleep stole on, and, when morning came, I felt somewhat
-restored. I looked about for a place to wash in, and for a basin, but
-saw none. I came to the conclusion that sailors didn’t wash unless they
-let themselves down into the sea. It was not long before I found out
-that water at sea was a luxury. It was kept in a scuttle butt by the
-cabin door, where a drink might be taken, but there was none for
-washing. The sailors had to depend on rain and the sea. The cook, who
-was at the galley, called to me, “Come here, Sonny.”</p>
-<p>I started, but the ship gave a lurch and down I went. He gave a loud
-laugh, but there was something in the tone which showed that he wasn’t
-making fun of me. I picked myself up, steadied my body, and at the right
-moment covered the distance without further mishap.</p>
-<p>“Look here, boy,” he said, “you’re startin’ out rather young, but you
-must be twenty.”</p>
-<p>This touched my pride.</p>
-<p>“Why, I am only fifteen.”</p>
-<p>“Only fifteen? Well, I suppose you didn’t have a very good home, so you
-were glad to go to sea.”</p>
-<p>“Yes, I had a good home.”</p>
-<p>I felt uncomfortable. The cook continued pleasantly, “The sailor’s life
-is a hard one, but there are bright spots. Let me tell you to do as you
-are told to do and do your best. Feel a little squeamish, eh?”</p>
-<p>“Not very much now, but I did, yesterday.”</p>
-<p>“And you will again, if you go down this mornin’ into that old
-forecastle, so I’ll give you a little breakfast here, if you can hold on
-with one hand while you use the other. Eat little to begin with.”</p>
-<p>He gave me some coffee and a couple of pieces of bread soaked in
-something. I held the cup containing the coffee in one hand and the hard
-bread in the other, and, although more than once I thought they would
-slip from my hands, I managed to make my repast without accident. It
-wasn’t long before all hands were ordered aft. I was now feeling pretty
-good, but I pitied the greenies who had passed the night in the
-forecastle—they looked so forlorn. They had evidently been sick and gave
-little appearance of being able to work.</p>
-<p>We all huddled together and Captain Gamans, who was to be our master for
-nearly three years, proceeded to address us. The captain was a young
-man, not over thirty years old, of good size but not of very attractive
-appearance. He seemed inclined to be somewhat savage. The following
-remarks he delivered in a sharp, nasal tone:</p>
-<p>“See here, you fellows, I’m boss on this ship. I want you to understand
-you’ll have to work and work hard. There’s no hanging round on a whaler,
-as some folks think. Whalemen work a great deal harder than merchantmen.
-Now don’t let me see any wasting of grub. I’ll put the man who does it
-in irons for a week. The sooner you greenies learn the ropes and to box
-the compass, the better. If you don’t, no watch below until you do.
-Competition between the boats is all right, but there must be fair play.
-Now for the boats’ crews and the watches; and look out for yourselves.”</p>
-<p>Lakeum called out sharply, “Fall in line—old hands at one end, greenies
-at the other.”</p>
-<p>The order was obeyed, but the vessel rolled so that the greenies wobbled
-about considerably. The mates examined our ribs and arms in order to
-size up our probable strength and endurance, while the boat-steerers or
-harpooners stood by and offered suggestions. Then came the selection for
-the places in the boats, and to my great joy I learned that I was to be
-stroke oar in the first mate’s boat. I felt grateful to Lakeum and the
-shipkeeper as well. The few who were not chosen were to remain on the
-ship when the boats were down for whales. Long afterwards Lakeum told me
-that selecting a greenie as stroke oar was something of an experiment,
-but my size, the recommendation of the shipkeeper and the fact that I
-was brought up in a seaport town and knew something of salt water
-determined him.</p>
-<p>Now came what they called “the picking of the watches.” This was the
-duty of the first and second mates. There were three watches on our
-vessel. While those who made up a watch were on deck, the others were at
-rest or off duty. Between four and eight p.m. there were two short
-periods called dogwatches. That very day the crows’ nests were built at
-the mastheads. In each case a pair of crosstrees was fitted to the
-masthead, upon each side of which was constructed a small platform. This
-provided a foothold. A couple of padded hoops were secured above at a
-point a little higher than a man’s waist. With his feet on the platform,
-his body through the hoops and his arms resting thereon, one could look
-over the entire ocean, as far as the horizon, in search of whales.</p>
-<p>In the late afternoon word came to shorten sail, and several of us
-greenies were ordered aloft together with the old hands. This was my
-first taste of the real work of a sailor. When my feet touched the
-foot-ropes, young and agile as I was, I had considerable doubt about
-keeping my place. “Tip forward, as the ship goes down and hold on as she
-comes back, and be quick in knottin’ your reef points,” said an old tar
-beside me. I managed to hold on, but I was slow and clumsy in reefing.
-“Green at it, ain’t you? Watch me,” he declared. I was glad when I found
-myself descending the ratlines and was on deck once more.</p>
-<p>That night I slept in my bunk in the forecastle. I recall how close and
-stuffy it was, how the waves pounded against the ship, how some of the
-men, presumably the greenies, groaned as if in agony, how I longed for a
-kiss from my mother and for the little bedroom at home, and how glad I
-was when at four in the morning our watch was called and I went on deck.</p>
-<p>Of all things on the ship the whaleboat was the most important, and few
-mechanics were more skilful than its builder. This craft was sharp at
-both ends and was something like the model of an Indian birch-bark
-canoe. The bow and stern were high out of water. The bow rose above the
-rail in a Y-shape, and in this was a brass roller for the whale line to
-pass over. The boat was about thirty feet long, six feet in beam and a
-little over two feet deep. It was so solidly built that it could ride on
-a sea which would smash the ordinary boat of a merchantman to bits.</p>
-<p>The whale line was about twelve hundred feet in length and was coiled in
-a large tub. One end of it was taken aft to a post in the stern of the
-boat called a loggerhead, around which two or three turns were taken in
-order to bring a strain on the line when a struck whale was going down
-or, to use the common expression, was “sounding.” The friction caused by
-the line flying round the loggerhead often set it on fire, and it was
-necessary to throw water over it. The line was carried forward to the
-bow, and to it was attached a harpoon. To this line, at some distance
-from the harpoon, another short warp was attached, with a harpoon
-secured to the end. The purpose was for the boat-steerer or harpooner to
-throw the second iron after he had thrown the first or, if this were
-impossible, to toss the second iron overboard, as otherwise it might
-catch in a man’s clothing or endanger the other occupants of the boat.</p>
-<p>The third day the work on the whaleboats was pushed vigorously. The oars
-were examined to see if there were flaws, and were then laid in the
-boats; the whale line was coiled down into tubs, new harpoons were
-fitted to poles, and these and the lances were placed in the boats. The
-whaleboat carried a sail, which was set when the wind was favorable, and
-was then steered by a rudder. At other times it was propelled by five
-great oars.</p>
-<p>The boat also carried a hatchet, a water keg, a keg containing a few
-biscuits, candles, lanterns, glasses, matches, a compass, two knives,
-two small axes, a boat hook, waif flags, fluke spades, canvas buckets, a
-“piggin” for bailing, and paddles. A rudder hung outside by the stern.</p>
-<p>The ordinary whaler carried four boats on the davits—three on the port
-side and one aft on the starboard side. Some whalers carried a fifth
-boat forward on the starboard side.</p>
-<p>The first mate’s boat was the one aft on the port side. This was the one
-to which I was assigned. It was called the “larboard” boat. And now it
-is to be noted that no whaleboat ever had a name. It even did not have
-painted on it the name of the ship to which it belonged.</p>
-<p>On the fourth day the weather was mild and the sea calm. In the morning
-the order came to lower the boats. The lookouts were in the hoops at the
-mastheads, but there were no whales in sight. The truth is, the greenies
-needed practice and training to prepare them for the encounter with
-whales. Lakeum said to me:</p>
-<p>“Did you ever handle an oar?”</p>
-<p>“Oh, yes,” I said. “I can not only handle an oar but I can do two things
-which my father told me most merchantmen can’t do. I can swim and sail a
-boat.”</p>
-<p>“You may have to do both before this voyage is over,” was the reply in
-rather a stern tone.</p>
-<p>Each boat carried six men. If, when in pursuit of whales, the wind were
-favorable, the sail was set; if light, oars were used together with the
-sail; if not favorable, the oars alone were used.</p>
-<p>And now we were not to seek whales, but have our first practice in the
-imaginary pursuit. I had the stroke oar, which was nearly fourteen feet
-long. If this were regarded as heavy and clumsy, what would one say of
-the steering oar held by Lakeum, which was twenty feet long? When the
-boat was lowered, we scrambled into her and took our places. Another man
-and I were the only greenies in the mate’s boat, and it turned out that
-he had never handled an oar before; as for myself, I was only used to
-light oars of moderate length. The sea looked very calm from the ship’s
-deck, but when we had pushed off, we found that our great whaleboat was
-tossed about considerably, and this made rowing more difficult. I was
-anxious to do my best and I think Lakeum was aware of it, but he gave
-suggestions and orders in a tone which made me realize that he was my
-master.</p>
-<p>The mate always helps the stroke oarsman. As Lakeum steered with his
-left hand, he pushed with his right hand on the handle of my oar. The
-other greenie blundered more than I did and in such a way as to
-interfere with the others. The men made him the object of their
-ridicule, but Lakeum told them to be quiet. Take it all in all, some
-progress was made that morning, and we returned to the vessel with an
-appetite for dinner.</p>
-<p>This suggests the food that was served to us. There were three
-messes,—cabin, steerage and forecastle. Meals were served at
-seven-thirty A.M., at noon, and at five P.M. As to the forecastle, the
-food was dumped in bulk into large pans and carried from the galley to
-the forecastle, where the men ate it from small pans. For drink we had
-tea and coffee sweetened with a kind of molasses. We had salt junk and
-also hard bread which was improved by soaking it to flabbiness, frying
-it in pork fat and deluging it in black molasses. Lobscouse, a favorite
-dish, was a mixture of hard-tack, meat and potatoes. Duff was made of
-flour, lard and dried apples. It was boiled in a bag and served with
-molasses.</p>
-<p>We ate our food in the forecastle while sitting on benches in front of
-our bunks. Sometimes the meat was divided into as many parts as there
-were men. Then, as the carver asked, “Who’s this for?” a man who had
-turned his back called another man’s name and the portion was given to
-him. This was repeated until all the men were served. Now let me say
-that during the voyage I never saw among the men a single act of
-selfishness or greediness. Often those who are uneducated and have had
-no social advantages are, in their relations with others, the most
-considerate and gentlemanly.</p>
-<p>That afternoon the first vessel was sighted since leaving port. The
-captain was out with his glasses, and I heard him say, “It’s a whaler,
-and I know the managing owner’s streamer at the mainmast. The vessel’s
-the <i>Rhoda</i>, for she’s due about now and has made a splendid voyage
-according to the last report.” I asked one of the old hands how you
-could tell a whaler in the distance, irrespective of the owner’s flag,
-and he said, “Always by the boats. Can’t you see with your naked eye the
-three boats hangin’ at the davits on the port side?” This held good the
-world over. A whaler was always known by her boats.</p>
-<p>While the whaler was a small vessel, she carried three or four times as
-many men as a merchantman of the same size, because a large number of
-men was necessary when whales were pursued and captured. Besides the
-captain there were generally three or four mates or officers, four
-boat-steerers or harpooners, a cooper, carpenter, blacksmith, steward,
-cook, cabin boy, four shipkeepers or spare men, and sixteen to twenty
-seamen. Sometimes the same person was carpenter and cooper and often
-there was no blacksmith, the work of sharpening irons and so forth being
-done by others. On many whalers there was no cabin boy. On the <i>Seabird</i>
-there was neither blacksmith nor cabin boy, and a man named Jonas was
-both carpenter and cooper.</p>
-<p>Of the four boat-steerers, I shall mention only the one on our boat. He
-was a Portuguese from St. Michaels, and his name was Manuel—a
-broad-shouldered, stalwart fellow, with a long, powerful arm. And he was
-also a fine fellow—kind-hearted and good-natured. We had several other
-Portuguese in the crew, natives of the Azores, one or two blacks from
-the Cape Verdes and also one Kanaka from the Hawaiian Islands.</p>
-<p>One member of the crew deserves especial mention. His name was Israel
-Kreelman, a native of Vermont. He was getting along in years and had
-followed the sea since his sixteenth year. He had never got above the
-berth of seaman, for while he did his work faithfully and well, he was
-not qualified for any higher position. Kreelman seemed to me, at first,
-rather austere, but in time I found him generally kind and
-companionable, and he took a real interest in me. I have spoken of the
-hard-looking American seaman who talked to me savagely and jostled me
-the first day out. His name was Jake, and in a few days everybody was
-afraid of him. He talked little, and when he did he was profane and
-abusive. I think it was just a week to a day from the day of sailing,
-when an event occurred which nearly ended in a tragedy.</p>
-<p>Jake was ugly as usual and had some words with the fourth mate. He was
-cautioned in an emphatic tone. He did not seem inclined to retort, but
-directed his abuse against the food served to the men, which he called
-slush.</p>
-<div id='i051' style='margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:10.0%; width:80%;'>
- <img src='images/i051.jpg' alt='' style='width:100%' />
-<p class='caption'>Jake partly lost his balance, and the captain seized him.</p>
-</div>
-<p>“There’s the coffee,” he said, “the captain and officers get the best of
-it in the cabin. Then they add water to what’s left, and this is what
-the boat-steerers and others get in the steerage. Then they add more
-water to what’s left and that’s what we get in the forecastle. It’s
-nothin’ but the captain’s slops.”</p>
-<p>There was some truth in Jake’s remarks, but the language used might have
-been more moderate. The captain was standing near by, and his face
-flushed rapidly.</p>
-<p>“Look here, Jake,” he exclaimed, “let me hear no more language of that
-kind. If I do, I’ll put you in irons.”</p>
-<p>“You’re a coward. You couldn’t hurt a fly.”</p>
-<p>Before the captain could move or reply, Jake whipped out a knife and
-made a lunge for him. I thought the knife was going into the captain’s
-shoulder, but by a quick movement of the body he escaped. Jake partly
-lost his balance, and the captain seized him. The vessel was pitching
-and the outcome was uncertain. The captain seized the wrist of Jake’s
-right arm, and just then Lakeum grabbed a marlinespike and knocked the
-knife out of Jake’s hand. The men struggled fiercely for a moment, when
-Jake slipped a little; this put him at a disadvantage, and down they
-went, the captain on top. They say you mustn’t strike a man when he’s
-down, but it may be that it depends on the man and the circumstances. At
-any rate, the captain gave Jake an awful mauling, and when he let him up
-and the mates took him away to put him in irons, his face looked like
-jelly. For several days everything went on smoothly and everybody seemed
-subdued. The only comment was made to me by Kreelman.</p>
-<p>“Boy,” he said, “I’m a common sailor and will never get any higher, but
-there are always two sides to a case. I’ve seen captains and officers do
-some awful cruel things, and when I was younger, I’ve suffered myself.
-But in this matter the captain was right. Jake’s a bad man. I didn’t
-like him from the first. What they want to do is to get rid of him, and
-they’ll do it, too. Keep your eyes open.”</p>
-<p>“How will they do it?” I asked.</p>
-<p>“Never mind, keep your eyes open.”</p>
-<p>I had heard of hanging men at the yardarm, and I assumed that, when
-Kreelman said they would get rid of Jake, he meant they would take his
-life in some way. I was uneasy and distressed. However, I had little
-time for reflection, as I was constantly kept at work.</p>
-<p>We had several days of pleasant weather and each day we took to the
-boats, and the greenies began to show great improvement in handling the
-oars. The thirteenth day from home was a memorable one. I supposed that
-the vessel was well on her way south, but a great surprise was in store
-for me. It was a beautiful morning, and it was not far advanced before a
-hazy outline appeared in the distance. As we approached, it grew more
-distinct, and I was so surprised and bewildered that I didn’t even think
-of seeking information. Soon the object developed into a huge mountain,
-rising right out of the sea—in fact from six to seven thousand feet in
-height. It was evidently at one end of an island. Before long the vessel
-was put in stays. Then came the order to lower the larboard boat. The
-greenie who belonged in the boat was told to remain on the ship, and
-then Jake appeared in the custody of the mates, and was told to take the
-greenie’s place in the boat. Jake’s face was covered with scabs and
-scars, and he didn’t appear so bold and defiant as he did before his
-encounter with the captain. Lakeum steered for the shore, which wasn’t
-over five hundred yards away, and I wondered what it was all about and
-particularly where we were going. My curiosity increased when on our
-arrival Lakeum shouted, “Twenty minutes shore leave.” The men scrambled
-out of the boat—Jake, despite his beating, the most agile of all. In a
-minute Lakeum and I were alone.</p>
-<p>“Aren’t you going with the boys?” he asked.</p>
-<p>“No,” I said, “I’d rather stay here. Will you tell me where we are?”</p>
-<p>“Where do you think?”</p>
-<p>“I haven’t any idea.”</p>
-<p>“Well, young man, this is one of the Azores. They call it Pico, and that
-mountain rising right out of the sea is one of the most wonderful things
-in the world.”</p>
-<p>I wanted to ask why we were there, but I knew that that was none of my
-business. Lakeum helped me out.</p>
-<p>“There are two reasons why we are here. You’ve noticed that we’ve had no
-second mate. We are going to have one in a few minutes. It is no
-uncommon thing now for a Portuguese to ship in New Bedford sometime
-ahead, and then go over to the Azores in the packet to see the folks and
-wait for the ship. This is our case. Mr. Silva’s his name and he must
-live pretty near here, for our captain had his instructions just where
-to put the ship in stays. Now then, don’t you see how Mr. Silva’s helped
-us out?”</p>
-<p>Lakeum, usually rather serious, laughed heartily.</p>
-<p>“Puzzled again? Well, just hear me. Don’t you see this is the way to get
-rid of Jake?”</p>
-<p>“He’ll come back, won’t he?”</p>
-<p>“Come back? We’ll never see him again, and we never want to. As a rule
-we don’t want a man who’s in debt to the ship to desert, but this man is
-dangerous, and nobody’s safe when he’s around. We are only too glad to
-get rid of him. We’ve given him a chance, and he’s taken it already.”</p>
-<p>“Why didn’t the captain put back to New Bedford when the fracas was over
-and have Jake arrested?”</p>
-<p>Again Lakeum laughed.</p>
-<p>“Why, boy, that would never do. Some of us would be called as witnesses,
-and the rest would disappear. The voyage would be broken up and the
-owners would be the losers. When the captain gave Jake his licking he
-gave him his judge and jury and everything else.”</p>
-<p>We were at a little landing, and a road led up from it into the island.
-On each side of the road was a wall made of large blocks that looked
-like brown stones. Lakeum told me that these blocks were pieces of lava,
-that the island was volcanic and that there were on it many extinct
-craters. For the first time I saw oranges on the trees, and it seemed to
-me as if I had entered into a new world. Pretty soon down the road came
-a cart driven by a boy. In it was a man seated on a chest. The cart was
-unlike any I had ever seen. It was a crude affair, and the wheels were
-of solid wood. Lakeum greeted the newcomer as follows:</p>
-<p>“Well, Mr. Silva, I never saw you before, but there’s no need of an
-introduction. I know who you are. I’m Lakeum, the first mate. Let’s get
-your chest aboard.”</p>
-<p>Silva showed a row of dazzling teeth and Lakeum continued, “I gave the
-men leave. There they are up the road, coming this way. They’ll all be
-here in a minute, except one.”</p>
-<p>Silva showed his teeth again and said, “Hard ticket, eh? Got a good
-poundin’, did he? But he’s better off. The ship must stand it. He’s
-spent the money the outfitter let him have—spent it before he came
-aboard, and he has got on a new suit, such as it is, and it ain’t cost
-him nothin’.”</p>
-<p>Silva grinned again. Then the smile vanished, and lowering his tone he
-said, “I feel almost like desertin’, too. I come back here to get
-married, and I’ve just left my little wife. I’ve been married only two
-weeks. She wanted to see me off. I couldn’t stand it. It’s a hard life
-we whalemen lead.”</p>
-<p>Though a boy, I was touched by the brave fellow’s words. All the men
-showed up but one, and Silva took his place. As we pulled for the ship I
-knew that it would be many months before we should again pull for the
-shore.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chIII' title='III: ABOUT WHALES'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER III</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>ABOUT WHALES</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>We now bore away south—all hands anxious to see whales. One morning the
-captain called us aft and addressed us as follows:</p>
-<p>“I want to tell you about the prizes. Every man who sights a whale that
-is captured gets a prize. If the whale makes fifty barrels or less, a
-flannel shirt; if over fifty barrels, five dollars. These are the prizes
-given away during the voyage. Then at the end of the voyage the owner
-will give two gold watches—and good gold watches, too—one to the man who
-raises the largest sperm whale during the voyage, and the other to the
-man who raises the largest bowhead, that is the whales that stow down
-the greatest amount of oil. Keep your eyes open.”</p>
-<p>The name I went by was “Fancy Chest”, and it stuck to me to the end of
-the voyage. As we walked away, Kreelman said:</p>
-<p>“Well, Fancy Chest, what do you think of it?”</p>
-<p>“Fine.”</p>
-<p>“Not so fine as you think. The flannel shirt isn’t good for much, and
-you can’t spend the five dollars at any of the few places where we stop,
-for they don’t know that kind of money. I went on a voyage once and got
-a so-called gold watch when we got home. It was pinchbeck. I had to
-shake it to make it go, and I shook it so hard it made my arm ache.”</p>
-<p>This was discouraging, and I was pretty well disillusioned. It was to be
-my fortune during the voyage to draw a watch, but I must withhold the
-story about it till the end of the book.</p>
-<p>Kreelman continued, changing the subject, “It’s about time to have fresh
-meat. I’m about tired of hard bread and lobscouse.”</p>
-<p>“Do they keep it on board?”</p>
-<p>“Fancy Chest, you are still a greenie. Look in the sea and see what you
-see.”</p>
-<p>We had seen porpoises before, but never so many as there were now. They
-were dancing all about the vessel, as if bent on a frolic. One of the
-boat-steerers went forward and rigged a platform just over the bow. Then
-he took his stand on it, with harpoon in hand. Two or three of the
-graceful creatures came up as if to encourage advances, and then
-disappeared beneath the surface. They were not near enough for the
-boat-steerer’s purpose. Then a daring fellow leaped up as if to defy the
-harpooner, only to fall a prey to his iron. Soon another porpoise was
-captured. I looked at the pretty creatures lying on the deck—each about
-five feet in length—with some pity, which gave way to the pleasant
-thought of the approaching repast.</p>
-<p>As I went by the galley the cook said, “You’ll get something at dinner
-to make you feel good.” And we did. The meat was boiled with “doughboys”
-or dumplings, and nice it tasted, too. This change in diet cheered us
-all, and that afternoon there was more contentment than I had seen any
-day since we sailed.</p>
-<p>I had now learned to box the compass, and I knew the ropes. There used
-to be an impression that the duties of a whaleman were light. This is
-far from the truth. The labor was incessant. There was no limit to the
-hours, and the work was often carried on in the night watches. Contrary
-to the general impression, the whaler was cleaner and more trim than the
-merchantman. And now a few words about whales, as we were soon to have
-our first chase.</p>
-<p>Whales have lungs and warm blood, and their bodies do not differ much
-from those of a cow or a horse. There are several kinds, but in the good
-old whaling day only two kinds were of real value—the sperm whales or
-cachalots and the whales which yielded bone. The largest cachalot ever
-captured was nearly ninety feet long and nearly forty feet in
-circumference, and weighed about ninety tons! Think of it! One hundred
-and eighty thousand pounds! Now, if we say that thirteen men weigh a
-ton, a whale of this kind will weigh more than the entire population of
-a village of over eleven hundred inhabitants. It is also said that a
-large sperm whale weighs a good deal more than a hundred oxen, and has
-the strength of several hundred horses. The head is blunt and flat, and
-the skull sometimes measures more than twenty feet in length. The eye is
-near the angle of the jaw; it has no lashes, and is about as large as
-the eye of a colt. The creature can see ahead or to either side, but the
-eyes are separated by the immense head, so that each eye seems to work
-on its own account; and this is thought to be the reason why sperm
-whales act so queerly at times. The most curious organ is the ear. It is
-just behind the eye and is so small that a pencil can hardly be inserted
-in it.</p>
-<p>The lower jaw, which contains the teeth, is far smaller than the upper
-jaw, but it was regarded in whaling days of considerable value, for the
-posterior part called the “jawbone” and the teeth, which weighed about a
-pound and a half each, furnished the material out of which sailors made
-so many curious articles.</p>
-<p>The sperm whale has no nose, but a substitute in a spouthole on top of
-the head.</p>
-<p>The interior of the mouth is white, and the tongue is small and the
-throat large.</p>
-<p>The head is, in size, about one third of the body, and in it is what is
-called the “case” containing spermaceti, formerly used in the
-manufacture of candles. It is dipped out with buckets, and sometimes
-fifteen barrels are taken from a single head. What is this great oil
-case for? Some think that the animal draws upon it for nourishment
-during periods of food scarcity, just as bears store upon their bodies
-great quantities of fat to draw on later. The whales are covered with
-what is called blubber, which keeps them warm in cold water and relieves
-the pressure when they “sound,” that is, go down to great depths.</p>
-<p>The flippers, one on each side of the body, are not like the fins of a
-fish, but are the limbs of land mammals, covered with blubber to form
-paddles, and are supplied with bones, blood vessels and nerves.</p>
-<p>The tail of the whale divides into two flukes, the distance across which
-is fifteen feet. This great weapon is used for a number of purposes—for
-motion, as a weapon when pursued by enemies, for play, called
-lobtailing, whereby he throws his tail high in the air and then,
-lowering it, smites the sea with terrific force, and for peaking, which
-is the tossing of the entire flukes with a part of the body in the air
-before plunging below.</p>
-<p>When the whale so plunges below he is said to “sound,” and, as he
-breathes like any other animal, he must take in for his dive a great
-supply of air; otherwise he would drown. This great creature can hold
-his breath for a long time, and, when he comes up, the air in his lungs
-is heated, and, hence, as it is expelled into the cooler air, it
-condenses and forms a vapor. This is what one sees when the whale
-spouts. If this vapor touches the human skin, it stings. Now the spout
-of the sperm whale is rather a poor one. It doesn’t go straight up, but
-goes forward for a short distance. The blowings are repeated sixty or
-seventy times at a rising, and then the whale goes down again, and
-remains below for fifteen to forty-five minutes, and occasionally for an
-hour or more.</p>
-<p>Now what does the cachalot do when he is under water? It is believed
-that he goes to a great depth in search of cuttlefish or squid. Some of
-these dead cuttlefish thrown up on the shore are known to be forty to
-fifty feet in length, and, while some say that live cuttlefish of great
-size have been seen on the surface of the ocean, the statement may well
-be doubted. But it is known that fierce battles take place under water
-between them and the whales; and it is a fact that dead whales have been
-found floating with their bodies badly cut and bruised. But the cachalot
-is generally the victor. The cuttlefish is not the only food. It is a
-fact that pieces of sharks have been found in the stomachs of sperm
-whales.</p>
-<p>The most curious thing about the sperm whale is that in rare cases it
-produces ambergris, often worth its weight in gold; and this, it is
-said, is due to the cuttlefish. This material is solid, is generally
-ash-colored, is lighter than water and is fragrant when heated. It is a
-growth in the intestines of the sperm whale, produced, it is thought, by
-indigestion caused by the whale not being able to assimilate beaks and
-other pieces of cuttlefish so often found in the ambergris. Ambergris is
-generally found in cutting up the whale. Its chief use is in
-manufacturing perfume. It is not the perfume itself, but the substance
-which prevents evaporation.</p>
-<p>The sperm whale is a great wanderer. He keeps away from the cold water
-of the extremities of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, but travels all
-over the rest of the watery world. How do we know all this? Because the
-whale himself has told us. Harpoons had stamped in them the names of the
-ship’s owner and sometimes the name of the ship. Often a whale with the
-harpoon in him would make his escape, when the line parted, and
-afterwards be captured six or seven thousand miles away from the place
-of encounter with the harpoon still in his body.</p>
-<p>Some of the antics of the sperm whale are striking. He will rise in the
-water and turn to look around him. Again he will raise his head above
-the surface and remain for some time in that position, bobbing up and
-down amid the waves. Then, suddenly turning, he will raise his flukes in
-the air and beat them upon the water with great violence. The sound
-caused thereby may be heard for many miles. This, as I have said, is
-called lobtailing. Then he will spring from the water so as to show a
-large part of his great frame. This is called breaching.</p>
-<p>The female or cow cachalot is only about a third of the size of the male
-or bull. The mother goes far out to sea with her baby calf, apparently
-fearing no enemy, and her affection for the little creature is very
-strong; so whalemen would kill the calf first, for they knew that the
-mother would not forsake her offspring. The cow is said to show
-affection for the bull, for when the bull is killed the cow will stay
-by, only to be captured herself.</p>
-<p>How do whales sleep? It is generally thought that it is when they are
-floating on the surface, either during the day or night. Both whalers
-and merchantmen are known to have run on to whales with a result similar
-to that occasioned by striking a rock or reef. If the whales had been
-awake they would doubtless have avoided the vessels. A famous case of
-collision was that of the <i>Union</i>, Captain Gardner, which sailed from
-Nantucket in 1807. At ten o’clock at night, when running at seven knots,
-she struck a whale with such force as to smash in the timbers on the
-starboard bow. The pumps were started, but the water gained rapidly and
-in a couple of hours the vessel began to sink. Three boats left the
-ship, one of which was abandoned, and the men were divided equally in
-the other two. There was a heavy sea, and the Azores were over six
-hundred miles away. They rigged sails which were carried away by the
-gale, and the two boats were finally lashed together and for a time
-allowed to drift. They had little water, and the men were put on scant
-rations. When suffering intensely from thirst and hunger Flores was
-sighted. Captain Gardner and his men made six hundred miles in seven
-days and eight nights. This young master was only twenty-four years of
-age. He followed the sea for many years. In one of his voyages his
-encounter with a sperm whale resulted in a badly bruised body and a
-mutilated hand. This injured member is shown in the photograph of the
-old gentleman in the rooms of the Old Dartmouth Historical Society in
-New Bedford.</p>
-<p>Now a few words about the whales which yield whalebone or baleen. It
-used to be said that the whale which yielded excellent bone and a
-generous quantity of oil was called the “right whale” to capture, and
-hence the name. Later its larger relative was found in the Arctic
-regions and called the bowhead, because of the structure of the fore
-part of the head, which is shaped like a half-circle. The whalebone of
-the bowhead is much larger than that of the right whale, and in former
-days was more valuable. The slabs are in the upper jaw, and in a bowhead
-are often a dozen feet or more in length. When the mouth is closed these
-slabs slant back and lie between the two jaws. When the mouth opens they
-hang almost perpendicularly along the sides of the mouth, presenting the
-appearance of a screen, which, as the inner side of each slab is
-furnished with bristles or hairs, serves as a sieve. A bowhead once
-captured had two hundred and eighty-six slabs of bone on one side of the
-mouth and two hundred and eighty-nine on the other. The lower lip
-supports and holds in place the lower edge of the sieve, while the upper
-lip is drawn up. The right whales subsist on crustaceans, called “brit,”
-which are taken in great quantities through the mouth and are strained
-out by means of the bristles on the inner side of the whalebone. The
-water flows out and the “brit” is caught by the sieve. The brit is
-yellow and so abundant in some latitudes as to give the appearance of
-extensive fields of golden grain. The right whales are said to eat fish,
-if “brit” is not obtainable. The rushing of a right whale through a
-field of “brit” has been compared to a snowplow passing through a drift.
-He leaves behind him a trail of blue water, spouts with great force and
-is difficult to capture. Here we should note that the whalebone whales
-cannot see ahead of them.</p>
-<p>While the bowheads are very heavy, they are not more than sixty-five
-feet in length. The tail is about twenty-five feet broad and six feet
-deep. One of these whales, taken in 1855 in the Okhotsk Sea by the ship
-<i>Adeline</i> of New Bedford, yielded two hundred and fifty barrels of oil,
-and another taken in 1861 by the <i>General Pike</i> of the same port
-produced two hundred and seventy-four barrels. The whalebone whales
-carry their nostrils on the summit of the head. There are two spout
-holes; they are <b>f</b>-shaped, close together, and are located about
-eighteen feet from the end of the head. As they are nearer the lungs
-than in the case of the sperm whale, the vapor shoots up straight,
-spreading as it rises. These whales are encased in a layer of blubber
-which is from a foot to two feet in thickness. It is softer, more oily
-and also more sticky than that of the sperm whale. The tongue is thick
-and soft, is glued to the floor of the mouth, and generally contains
-about six barrels of oil, although it is said that the tongue of a very
-large bowhead has been known to yield twenty-five barrels. Such a tongue
-is equal to the weight of ten oxen. The flesh of the animal is coarse,
-firm and red in color. The flukes are very powerful. Hence the maxim,
-“Beware of a sperm whale’s jaw and a right whale’s flukes.” While the
-sperm whale is a great traveler, the right whale never crosses the
-equator.</p>
-<p>The female right whale is much larger than the female sperm, and at the
-breeding time she frequents shallow waters. Her affection for her young
-is very strong. It is said that she will clasp the calf with a fin very
-much as a human mother holds her child. The young of the bowhead mother
-is seldom seen, and it is thought that she keeps it under the ice until
-it is weaned.</p>
-<p>The bowhead’s method of feeding is like that of its relative, the right
-whale. The crustaceans in the North Atlantic and Arctic, called
-“slicks”, give the water the appearance of oily streaks. They are
-produced by different kinds of jellyfish and range in size from a pea to
-six inches or more in diameter. When the bowhead is feeding, the spread
-of the lips is about thirty feet, and the method of feeding is the same
-as that of the right whale.</p>
-<p>Now what happened as the result of the pursuit of all these creatures,
-well called the leviathans of the deep? Let any boy or girl take the map
-and see where the whalemen cruised and captured whales. Not content with
-Baffin’s Bay, Hudson’s Bay, the waters along the coast of Greenland and
-in the North Atlantic, around the Azores, Madeira, the coast of Africa,
-Ascension, Tristan da Cunha, the Falkland Islands, the Cape of Good Hope
-and the Rio de la Plata, the venturesome whalemen sought the Indian
-Ocean and more particularly the great stretches of the Pacific and the
-Arctic Oceans. Now let the boy or girl look carefully at the map of the
-Pacific Ocean and see the multitude of islands in that great stretch of
-water. It is said that more than four hundred islands were discovered in
-the Pacific by American whalemen; and, when one sees the names of
-Nantucket, Howland, Gardner and Starbuck, he need not be told that the
-names were given by either Nantucket or New Bedford whalemen.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chIV' title='IV: THE FIRST CHASE'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER IV</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>THE FIRST CHASE</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>From early morn, when the men took their places in the hoops, to look
-for whales, there followed the regular order of the day. If the weather
-were good, the captain took his observations; the watches changed at
-proper times, and the men at the wheel and the lookouts were relieved
-every two hours. In the afternoon, usually at about four, the pumps were
-tested and the decks scrubbed. There was no noise in the ship save that
-occasioned by wind and wave and orders to the men. However, in the
-second dogwatch, which was generally about twilight, some fun was
-permitted. The men gathered, chatted and smoked. Rude strains were drawn
-from a battered accordion, while all the time the boat-steerers were at
-the bench aft the try-pot, engaged in whetting harpoons.</p>
-<p>We had, in our day, the old-fashioned log to determine the rapidity of
-the ship’s motion, but it wasn’t used very much, as in cruising for
-whales the speed of the vessel was of little consequence.</p>
-<p>On the approach of a storm the merchantman sometimes failed to make
-preparations in season. Not so with a whaler. Only a few days after
-leaving Pico we encountered a storm. As the gale bore down upon us from
-the windward blackness, and the long range of wave crests grew larger
-and the situation became more serious, we were quick to shorten sail
-and, under storm staysails, met the gale without any fear. Higher blew
-the wind, heavier pounded the sea, our staunch boat shipped little
-water, though tossed about like a shell.</p>
-<p>A week or more passed, and the men in the hoops saw not a single spout.
-Kreelman said to me, “Fancy Chest, the sperm whale, you know, is a low
-spouter—just a little bushy spout forward—and it’s not easy to see
-unless the whale’s near. The men with the sharpest eyes are the Gay Head
-Indians, and we’ve got one of ’em on board, and he’s up in the hoops
-now. He can see a sperm spout if any one can.”</p>
-<p>Within half an hour came the gladdening cry from aloft, “B-l-o-w-s!
-b-l-o-w-s! b-l-o-w-s! There he breaches! There he white-waters!” The
-captain called out, “Where away?” “Two points on the lee bow.” “How far
-off?” “Two miles, sir.” “Keep your eye on him. Sing out when we head
-right.”</p>
-<p>The captain gave orders to call all hands, get the boats ready, square
-the mainyard, put the helm up, keep her off, stand by the boats and
-lower away. Then he took his glasses and climbed to the main crow’s
-nest. The braces, sheets, and halyards were thrown from the pins, and
-then, while the men reached and hauled, the mates slacked away, the
-yards swung and the vessel came about. The boats quickly took to the
-water, and the crew swarmed down the falls and dropped into their
-places. The boat-steerers went forward, the officers aft. There was
-suppressed excitement, but no disorder. The wind was favorable, the
-masts were stepped in all the boats, the sails hoisted and peaked and
-the sheets paid out; and away we went. Each boat, of course, carried six
-men. As it happened, we were headed for a “pod” or “school” of sperm
-whales. All the boats were in the chase, and the men left on the ship
-were the captain, the four sparemen or shipkeepers, the cook, the
-steward and the carpenter. The vessel fortunately was to windward and
-could easily bear down on a boat if it made fast to a whale. Here I
-should say that every whaling house had its private code of signals. As
-the vessel was often a long distance from the boats engaged in the
-chase, signals gave needed instructions. The signals were generally
-about fifteen in number. They consisted of the position of colors and of
-the sails. Thus the men were told of the location of whales they could
-not see from the boats, of an accident to their companions, such as a
-stove boat, or the need of their presence on the ship.</p>
-<p>We had not gone a quarter of a mile before the wind shifted and we had
-to take in sail and resort to the oars. My feelings are so well told by
-Captain Robbins, an old whaleman, in his book called the “Gam” that I
-propose to quote his exact language. The captain says:</p>
-<p>“I shall never forget the dazzling sensations of that first moment—the
-tall ship, with her checkered sides and her huge white davits; the two
-sharp-bowed clinker-built boats—five long oars in each—two on one side,
-three on the other; the sun-glint upon the oar-blades as they lifted
-above the surface, the white splash when they dipped again; the rapid,
-nervous, brutal stroke; the pose of the officers as they stood in the
-stern-sheets of the boats, each with his lifted left hand holding the
-steering oar, and each with his right hand pushing upon the stroke oar;
-and, yet more vivid, the one figure I could see in our own boat. For the
-mate stood last, steering with one hand and helping me row with the
-other.”</p>
-<p>Just as Captain Robbins describes, Lakeum steered with his left hand and
-pushed on the handle of my oar with his right. He was an interesting
-figure as he urged the men on in a low tone, telling them at the same
-time not to make any noise. “It’s a pretty good pod and we ought to get
-a good-sized bull,” he declared. Of course, Lakeum was the only one in
-the boat who could see ahead. The rowlocks were thumbed with greased
-marline, to prevent any noise of the oars. Soon came the order to take
-in the oars and use the paddles. Then I knew that we were close to a
-whale. In a few minutes we were told to take the oars again and await
-orders. I turned my head and beheld just in front of the bow of the boat
-a low black mass, and I saw the boat-steerer leaning forward as if
-awaiting the mate’s order. The fateful moment had come and my feelings
-were intense. The boat moved ahead very slowly, and, just as the bow
-touched the monster, Lakeum shouted, “Up and let him have it.” The
-boat-steerer rose in a moment and pushed his left leg into the clumsy
-cleat in the forward thwart. Then he rested the top end of the harpoon
-handle in the palm of his right hand, steadying it with his left. He
-hurled the iron with all his force and saw it bury itself in the blubber
-up to the hitches. Seizing the second harpoon, he threw it with equal
-success.</p>
-<p>Lakeum shouted, “Stern—stern—all, and get out of the suds!” He and the
-boat-steerer changed places,—he to enter into a fight with the whale,
-and the boat-steerer to become the boat-steerer in fact. The whale threw
-up his flukes and brought them down with terrific force. The sea was
-white with suds, but we got out of them safely. Down went the whale and
-out went the line with a whizzing sound which soon became a regular
-roar. The line went out so fast that it set fire to the loggerhead, and
-I put out the fire by pouring water on it.</p>
-<p>“I never saw a whale get away so fast,” said Lakeum. “This boat’s nose
-may be under water any moment.”</p>
-<p>The bow was then pretty close to the surface. In a moment Lakeum
-shouted, “All hands scramble aft!” This was to save us from disaster by
-balancing the boat.</p>
-<p>I was somewhat alarmed and instinctively took the knife from the cleat
-on the thwart. The men rushed aft in disorder, due to the pitching of
-the boat, when a voice rang out, “Man caught; cut the warp!” I didn’t
-have to hack twice; the knife was as sharp as a razor, and one motion
-severed the line. A sharp cry came from the man who was apparently
-caught, and overboard he went. Despite my excitement and fright, I was
-foolish enough to think myself a hero, but I wasn’t. The whale was gone
-for good, but we were temporarily happy in the thought that we had saved
-the man from a terrible death. The supposed averted tragedy, however,
-was more of a comedy. My severing the line hadn’t helped the man any,
-for it happened that his foot had pressed on the warp and he had been
-merely thrown into the water, and, as he had hit a man on the way and
-knocked him over, the order was given by some one to cut the warp. The
-man in the water struck out for the boat and we soon pulled him aboard.</p>
-<p>Lakeum’s face changed color. He looked daggers at me. There were no
-whales now in sight, and he gave orders to pull for the ship. As he
-pushed on my oar our countenances were close together. For a time
-nothing was said. As we neared the vessel, the expression of anger and
-disappointment passed from his face. Lowering his voice he said:</p>
-<p>“I don’t think you are to blame or the man who gave the order to cut,
-either. You have to work quick at such times. I’ll tell the captain
-about it and make it all right with him. On some boats there would have
-been a blast of profanity, and men who had done as you and the other man
-did would have got bread and water for a week, but such treatment is
-wrong.” He paused and then resumed, “That was easily a hundred-barrel
-bull, and he was worth pretty close to five thousand dollars.”</p>
-<p>Our boat was the only one which had made fast to a whale and the rest of
-the day on ship was a dreary one, despite the fact that the sea was
-quite calm and the sky without a cloud. In the second dogwatch the men
-gathered and talked over the misfortune of the morning. A few deplored
-the loss of the whale; the others made light of it and made me the
-target of ridicule and joke.</p>
-<p>“Well, Fancy Chest, you cut the right line at the wrong time. You’ll
-make a whaleman,” said one.</p>
-<p>“He’s so smart that he’ll be harpooning a whale with a knife, next
-time,” said another.</p>
-<p>“I guess they’ll take that five thousand dollar whale out of Fancy
-Chest’s lay,” observed a third.</p>
-<p>There was a loud laugh. Then Kreelman interfered:</p>
-<p>“Let Fancy Chest alone. Put yourself in his place, you smarties. For a
-boy fifteen years old he did well, and a man fifty couldn’t have done
-better. Any old sailor would have cut the line as Fancy Chest did.”</p>
-<p>Kreelman was in a pleasant mood so far as his relations with me were
-involved, and ignoring the others, he observed:</p>
-<p>“I think you are goin’ to make a whaleman, Fancy Chest, and there are
-some things I can tell you about whales and whalin’ that you don’t know,
-although you’ve learned two things to-day from bein’ in the boat. One of
-the things you learned is that the boat-steerer don’t throw the iron
-with his arm raised but gives it a kind of thrust, and the other thing
-you’ve learned is that, after he’s thrown the iron, he and the mate
-change places.”</p>
-<p>“And why is that?” I asked. “I can’t see the sense to it.”</p>
-<p>“There ain’t no sense to it, but it’s been done since whalin’ begun.
-People do things because their fathers did ’em before ’em. Many a
-whale’s been lost because the boat-steerer, after a long chase, was all
-tired out from havin’ to pull an oar. The boat-steerer ought to sit up
-in the bow and do nothin’ until the whale’s reached so that he can be in
-good condition to strike. And after he’s struck he ought to stay in the
-bow and kill the whale, and the mate remain in the stern. There are many
-things you ought to know. After a sperm’s struck and goes down, he
-throws out a kind of oil called ‘glip.’ If the boat passes through this
-glip or crosses the line between it and the whale, he knows it and puts
-on more speed. Sometimes the sperm is cunning, for while soundin’ with
-his head in one direction, he will turn and swim just opposite. Now as
-to the right whale—never follow his wake, for the moment the boat runs
-into his suds he knows it and makes off in great haste.”</p>
-<p>Kreelman continued, “Now, Fancy Chest, them that has book larnin’ write
-about whales, but we old tars knows more than all of them fellows put
-together. Sperm whales talk to each other just as folks do.”</p>
-<p>“You don’t mean that, do you?” I broke in.</p>
-<p>“Talkin’ ain’t always with words. There’s another way of talkin’,
-especially among animals, and whales is animals. Whales can pass the
-news from one school to another, so can one whale to another. The moment
-a whale is struck, other whales in the neighborhood know it and either
-make off or, if the struck whale is a cow, draw near as if to give help.
-Can you explain it? I can’t. Men in the hoops often notice that when
-their own boats is attackin’ whales, a school several miles to wind’ard
-will appear to be frightened and disappear. Can you explain it? I can’t.
-Sometimes there’ll be a school of whales spread out over a long
-distance, and as if by signal they’ll all go under at the same time. Can
-you explain it? I can’t.</p>
-<p>“But there are lots of things whales do that remind you a good deal of
-human folks. Sometimes you see a lot of sperm whales together, and
-that’s what you call a big school. Then sometimes you see a little
-school. Now both them schools may be all bulls, or they may be all cows,
-with just one bull to take care of ’em. In such case this one bull is a
-good deal of a gentleman, for, if there’s anything from behind to cause
-fright, he seems to tell the ladies to make tracks, and he stays behind
-to look out for the enemy—whether it’s a whaleboat or whatever it is. So
-this bull, with his caravan, goes travelin’ all over the ocean. Now you
-let any other bull come near and there’s sure to be a fight. In one of
-my voyages we saw a fight in the Pacific Ocean. It was a fine day and a
-smooth sea. The lookout called out whales, and we lowered. It seems it
-was a school of cow sperms, and there was a big bull with ’em. As we
-were gettin’ pretty near, another big bull, that had been soundin’, come
-up not far off, and the two went for each other. Their heads come
-together with terrible force, and, believe me, you could hear the noise
-a mile away. Then they drew back and seemed to rest for a minute and
-then they went at it again. This time they locked jaws. But there was
-somethin’ clumsy about it. They didn’t seem to show the spunk they did
-when they first come together. The ladies all disappeared, and we men in
-the boats laid on our oars and watched the battle, pretty sure we’d get
-both fellows in the end, and we did. They tried to twist their jaws
-round without doin’ very much, except that in wigglin’ their bodies and
-rollin’ round they made lots of suds. It was pretty certain that both of
-’em was badly hurt. Our boat and another stole up quietly and we got
-both of them. And what do you think we found out? Why, one of ’em had
-his jaw twisted and a number of his teeth torn out, while the jaw of the
-other was broken off, so that it hung only by the flesh. It’s no
-uncommon thing to capture a whale whose jaw was long ago shattered and
-his head battered, and who’s had an awful hard time to get food to eat
-because he couldn’t fight the cuttlefish. We call them whales
-‘dry-skins’ because the blubber makes so little oil.”</p>
-<p>“Did you ever see a cuttlefish?” I asked eagerly.</p>
-<p>Kreelman was silent for some time. Then he replied:</p>
-<p>“I’ve seen big pieces of ’em which come out of the stomachs of sperm
-whales, but I never see a live one, and I don’t know any one who ever
-did. When you talk of them great things at the bottom of the ocean it
-kind of makes you creep. Some folks say that they’ve come up to the
-surface and run their big arms all over vessels and taken the crew under
-water and eaten ’em up. I never seen it. Whalemen don’t like to talk
-much about the cuttlefish, but some do say that the whaleship which sees
-a cuttlefish never returns to port.”</p>
-<p>I saw that Kreelman was not disposed to continue the conversation. Just
-then Lakeum passed. Kreelman waited until he was well aft and then said:</p>
-<p>“That’s a strange man. He seems out of place on this vessel. He’s a good
-sailor and all that, but there’s somethin’ about his life that we don’t
-know. He’s been edicated and he comes of well-to-do folks. He’s got a
-will of his own, but he treats the men fair, and you never hear no
-swearin’. The men in your boat say that if you hadn’t ’a been a greenie,
-you never would have cut the warp to-day, and that you would have got it
-straight in the face if any one but Lakeum had been mate of the boat.
-But he treated you well, and no doubt he’s made it all right with the
-captain by this time. Fancy Chest, that man’s name ain’t Coster Lakeum.
-Nobody never had such a name. No one knows his given name. Now you keep
-to yourself what I’ve said.”</p>
-<p>I went to my bunk in a more cheerful mood, and that night I dreamt that
-I was boat-steerer and that I made fast to a sperm that stowed down oil
-worth five thousand dollars.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chV' title='V: CAPTURING AND CUTTING-IN'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER V</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>CAPTURING AND CUTTING-IN</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>I have said that there is a wide difference between a merchantman and a
-whaler. A ship that carries a cargo that is to be delivered must make
-the port of delivery with all possible speed. On arrival the sailors,
-who are paid wages, are not very likely to desert; and, if they do,
-their places are usually easily filled. The food on a merchantman
-generally strikes a pretty good average, because, in most cases,
-recruits are obtained in the ports visited. It is different with the
-whaler. There isn’t so much variety to or change in the food on the
-whaler; the sail is shortened at night, and the slower she goes at all
-times the better. Her cargo is to be taken from the sea, and the whales
-are just as likely to find her as she is to find them. Then the whaler
-is a home, such as it is, for three or four years, and it is the duty of
-the captain to keep away from ports as much as he can.</p>
-<p>The <i>Seabird</i> took it very leisurely. Day followed day and we saw no
-whales. I had to take my place in the hoops, and I searched the sea for
-whales until my eyes fairly ached. I noticed that as we cruised farther
-south, most of the birds were different from those of the North Atlantic
-and far more numerous. The most interesting to me were the albatross.
-They would come very near the vessel. They seemed to float along rather
-than fly like other birds, and their cry was somewhat like the braying
-of an ass. It is said that when they have gorged themselves with fish
-and jellyfish, they will sit motionless on the water and may be taken
-with the hand. One of them seemed almost bent on getting on the ship,
-and some of the men, watching their opportunity, captured him and
-secured him on the deck. He measured fifteen feet in spread of wings.
-The plumage was soft and mostly white. The beak was long and hooked at
-the point and was of a delicate pink. The most curious things about him
-were his webbed-feet with no hind toe or claw. The capture of the bird
-afforded a pleasant change in our lives and provided a theme of
-conversation for the rest of the day.</p>
-<p>After covering six or seven thousand miles, we reached the Rio de la
-Plata, called by whalemen the River Plate. This is an estuary between
-Uruguay and Argentina, and is a famous whaling ground. Here once
-occurred one of the most terrible battles with a sperm whale of which
-there is any record. When struck, the whale cut the boat in two with his
-jaw and thrashed the wreck into bits. After the men were picked up, two
-other boats planted irons in him and he smashed both these boats to
-pieces. Of the men in the water, two could not swim, so they climbed up
-on the whale’s back and sat down just forward of the hump. Another boat
-arrived and took all the men on board. The whale had six harpoons in
-him, but he made no effort to escape. Two spare boats having come up,
-the whale tried to sweep his jaw through the bottom of one of them, but
-the craft was, for a time, well handled. He succeeded, however, in
-rushing through the boat, and after four boats, about twelve hundred
-fathoms of line and all the whaling gear were lost, the whale made off.</p>
-<p>Boylike, I fancied that all whales on this ground must be very fierce.
-If I had any fear, it was only for a moment, for I was anxious to hear
-the glad cry from aloft and to be ordered to the boat. Just a week from
-the day when we reached the ground came the welcome announcement, and
-all the boats were lowered. The whales were to the windward and pretty
-far off. Lustily we pulled, but as it happened the other boats led.
-There is sometimes luck or chance in the pursuit of whales, and so it
-was with us. A whale made a kind of detour and gave us a splendid
-advantage. We approached the creature in very much the same way as we
-had formerly approached the whale we had lost. The boat-steerer threw
-both irons successfully and we got out of the suds and avoided the awful
-sweep of the great flukes. The whale sounded, and the warp passed out
-quickly but not so fast as to draw the boat’s stem very near to the
-surface. At last the line slacked, and we were ordered to haul in, hand
-over hand. As we did so, the line was coiled in a wide heap in the stern
-sheets, as in the wet state it would not lie very close. When the whale
-reappeared we were ordered to take the oars, and, when we reached the
-great black object, Lakeum drove the lance between the third and fourth
-ribs into his vitals. We pulled away, and the monster began to thrash
-like an animal in a fit; the water was crimson, and jets of blood at
-least six feet high leaped from the spout hole. They gradually
-diminished until the blood merely oozed from it. The whale made a final
-breach, fell on his side with a fearful splash and lay dead in his own
-blood and a lather of foam. Then came the cry, “Fin out!” Lakeum ran the
-lance into the whale’s eye, to make sure he was dead, and then the
-tow-line was made fast to a slit cut in the spout hole. Here let me say
-that the whales we captured didn’t all die in the same way. I remember
-one whale whose head rose and fell in the last struggle, while the
-flukes beat the water rapidly and vigorously. I remember more than one
-whale that performed the “flurry,” that is, swam for a few minutes in a
-circle, to the peril of the men in the boat—that is, “milled”—and then
-rolled on his side, dead.</p>
-<p>The whale we had just killed did, before death, what sperm whales nearly
-always do. He threw up the contents of his stomach, consisting of pieces
-of cuttlefish. As I looked at the monster, I thought of the saying of
-Melville, quoted wherever whaling was carried on, and likely to be
-quoted so long as any one cares for the story of the enterprise, “A dead
-whale or a stove boat.”</p>
-<p>Another boat at some distance was also fast to a whale. There were no
-other whales in sight. If there had been, Lakeum would have “waifed” our
-whale—that is, planted in his body a barbed iron rod bearing a flag. We
-were now to tow our whale to the ship—no easy task, even in calm
-weather. The first step was to pass a chain around what they call the
-“small” at the root of the tail. One of the old hands, with a rope
-around his waist, climbed on to the slippery object and, with some
-difficulty, got a line around the “small” and thus enabled the men to
-secure the flukechain. We set the sail and we used the oars, too. The
-ship, which had worked to windward, bore down on us and lessened the
-distance. We got to the ship before the other boat referred to. They
-were all ready for us—cutting-fall, spades and cutting-stage. The last
-named was a plank platform which reached beyond the carcass and just
-over the surface. Now it is to be remembered that there was only one
-boat on the starboard side, so that side was all clear from bow to
-gangway. The whale was secured by the fluke chains. The head was under
-the gangway and the tail was to the bow. The weather was good and so we
-“cut to windward”, that is, with the whale toward the wind. In this way
-the wind filling the sails counterbalanced to some extent the weight of
-the cutting-falls, and helped to keep the vessel on an even keel.</p>
-<p>Cutting-in required great skill. A bunch of blocks was secured above,
-through which a rope was passed and then carried to the windlass. The
-great, lower block, to which the blubber hook, weighing about a hundred
-pounds, was attached, was swung over the whale. Two men on the
-cutting-stage, provided with long spades, cut a hole in the body just
-above the nearer of the two side fins. A line in a half-circle was cut
-around the hole, and the hook was inserted. A little army of men singing
-their chantey began heaving at the windlass. Then the ship careened to
-the whale, a sharp sound was heard, the ship rolled backwards from the
-whale, and the tackle rose with a strip of blubber attached. The strain
-caused the whale to roll over in the water, and, as the blubber peeled
-off along the line called the “scarf”, it was hoisted higher and higher
-aloft till its upper end grazed the maintop. The men at the windlass
-ceased heaving and a harpooner with a long, keen weapon sliced out a
-hole in the lower part of the swaying mass. Into this hole the end of
-the second great tackle was hooked so as to retain a hold upon the
-blubber. Then he severed it completely, so that while the short, lower
-part was still fast, the long, upper strip, called the blanket piece,
-swung clear, and was all ready for lowering. The heavers renewed their
-chantey, and, while the one tackle was peeling and hoisting a second
-strip from the whale, the other was slowly slackened away, and down went
-the first strip through the main hatchway, right beneath, into the
-blubber room. This gloomy place was about thirty feet each way and
-between six and seven feet high. From a beam swung a lamp, which gave a
-dull light. Blanket pieces weighed a ton or more each, and, as they were
-coiled away, they looked like hideous serpents.</p>
-<p>While the floor of the blubber room was slippery at all times, it was
-particularly so when a heavy sea was on. Two men with short-handled
-spades hewed off blocks from the blanket pieces, called horse pieces,
-and pitched them up into a trough secured to the upper edge of the
-hatch. Then they were loaded into tubs and dragged away. The mincing of
-the horse pieces was performed at a wooden horse, placed endwise against
-bulwarks, the pieces falling into a tub.</p>
-<p>The beheading of the whale required skill similar to that involved in
-the treatment of the carcass. He had no neck, and, as a fact, where the
-neck might have been was the thickest part of him. It was necessary to
-cut deep into the flesh and divide the spine at the point where it was
-inserted into the skull, not an easy task, as the whale tossed and
-rolled in the sea. If the whale had been a small one, the head would
-have been hoisted on deck, but, as it was a large one, it was held
-against the ship’s side and partly out of the sea. The upper part of the
-head is called the “case.” A block was arranged so that it hung down
-from the yardarm, and a man dropped down to the head. A light tackle
-called a “whip” passed through the block. Then came the task of
-beheading the whale, which was no easy one.</p>
-<p>It is to be noted that the other boat which I have mentioned as fast to
-a whale succeeded in killing the creature—a cow—and towing her to the
-ship. She was secured astern to await the disposal of our cachalot. I
-have forgotten to say that while cutting in the first whale, the sea was
-full of sharks and the air thick with birds. This was not peculiar to
-our case, but was common wherever a sperm whale was cut in. Sharks!
-Sharks! Sharks! Squirming, darting, wiggling, showing their white
-bellies as they turned this way and that and displaying rows of huge
-teeth as they opened their hideous mouths. Their efforts to tear off
-pieces of blubber were not very successful, but the fact that they
-remained by the whale and showed no disposition to depart seemed to
-indicate that they knew that a treat awaited them when the carcass was
-to be cut from the ship and to drift away.</p>
-<p>“Isn’t there any danger from these creatures?” I asked Kreelman.</p>
-<p>“Not very much. A shark is an awful coward, unless he’s sure he’s got
-the better of you. I’ve seen one of ’em jump clean out of water to try
-to get a man on the whale’s back, but, instead of that, a man on deck
-got the shark with a spade, and, as he fell back in the water with the
-blood flowing, the other sharks got him. Now and then one of ’em will
-jump out of water and fall back among the others, not so much for
-exercise but to show how hungry he is. Then it isn’t always easy to get
-him with a spade, but I’ve seen it done.”</p>
-<p>The birds hovered about twenty feet above the carcass. They were of all
-varieties, sizes and colors. Their screaming and screeching were enough
-to drive one distracted. I had read of the wild pigeons, that flew in
-such great flocks a hundred years ago, that for a time they shut off the
-light of the sun, and, as I gazed at the winged vampires, I could not
-help thinking that a not very large increase in their numbers would
-serve the purpose of a dense cloud. Just then there was a great
-commotion in the water.</p>
-<p>A man holding a spade declared, “They always do that just before one of
-’em jumps out. You can’t always get him, they’re so quick, but I’m goin’
-to try if I get a chance.”</p>
-<p>Hardly were the words uttered when a huge shark leaped into the air, and
-the chance of which the spadesman spoke was an easy one, as it happened,
-for the shark rose to a considerable height and so turned his body as to
-present a good front for a spade. The man who had spoken drove the
-implement clear through the fellow, and, as he held the handle fast, the
-great weight of the body detached the spade, and out gushed the blood as
-the shark fell back into the sea. If there was commotion before, there
-was turmoil now, and, as the sharks devoured their unfortunate
-companion, the water was red with blood. The birds came lower and
-increased their shrieking. The awful scene was not soon to be forgotten.</p>
-<p>The “case” was full of pure spermaceti and constituted nearly half the
-head. In a large whale the case contained nearly three tons of
-spermaceti. This is the way our case was baled out. A bucket was
-attached to one end of the whip, and the other end was held by a couple
-of hands on deck. These hoisted the bucket. The spermaceti bubbled like
-new milk and was emptied into a large tub.</p>
-<p>After the blubber was stripped from the body and the contents were
-removed from the head, these members drifted away, and, to the relief of
-everybody, the sharks and birds followed the carcass. And now the ship
-was reeking with oil and grease—a fitting preparation for starting the
-try-works. The relief spoken of was only temporary, for the cow whale
-took the place just vacated, and the air was again thick with birds and
-the sea filled with sharks.</p>
-<p>And what was the reward for all our labor? The whales were first sighted
-by the Gay Head Indian, and, as our whale yielded sixty barrels, the
-Indian received five dollars. As for the crew, we were given a great
-treat. Our customary food was, of course, lobscouse, but now to it was
-added, at supper, a limited supply of gingerbread. That was all. But now
-trouble arose over a garment. The boatsteerer who struck the cow whale
-asked for a flannel shirt, and most of us heard the discussion between
-him and the captain.</p>
-<p>“Why do you want a flannel shirt?”</p>
-<p>“Ain’t I entitled to it, sir?”</p>
-<p>“Why?”</p>
-<p>“I struck the cow.”</p>
-<p>“What if you did? I ain’t offered any prize for striking or killing a
-whale. Only the Gay Header is entitled to a prize and he’s got it,
-because he sighted the whales, and the first one made over fifty
-barrels.”</p>
-<p>“Well, it seems to me that when whale is sighted and there’s a pod of
-them, that after the mastheader gets his prize of five dollars for the
-first whale captured, the boat-steerers of the other boats, who strike
-whales that are captured, ought to get a flannel shirt each.”</p>
-<p>“Yes,” said the captain scornfully, “and then the boat-steerer who
-struck the first whale captured wouldn’t get anything at all.”</p>
-<p>This observation pretty effectually disposed of the boat-steerer’s
-argument. But the men did not allow the discussion to die. A few days
-after, when the oil from the two whales had been stowed down, some of
-the crew took the matter up in the second dogwatch, and showed real
-intelligence in the presentation of their views. The boat-steerer’s
-contention met with no favor. The general view was that the capture of
-every whale in reality justified the bestowal of five dollars or a
-flannel shirt upon the mastheader and that, even if four or five whales
-were taken from one pod, he was entitled to all the prizes. This was, of
-course, liberal interpretation. The incident seems to us now
-unimportant, but I recall how, as a boy, I listened to the debate, how
-deeply interested the men were in the discussion, and how it ended with
-the remark of one of them, that it didn’t make any difference what they
-thought on the matter, as the captain was likely to save all the money
-and shirts that he could.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chVI' title='VI: TRYING-OUT AND ROUNDING THE HORN.'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER VI</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>TRYING-OUT AND ROUNDING THE HORN.</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>And now came the trying-out. The try-works were placed between the
-foremast and mainmast. The timbers underneath were of great strength and
-capable of sustaining a mass of brick and mortar. They were some ten
-feet square and five in height and were secured to the deck by heavy
-knees of iron. The try-works were covered by a hatchway, on removing
-which two great try-pots appeared. When not in use they were kept clean
-by an application of soapstone and sand. The furnaces under the try-pots
-were furnished with heavy iron doors. Under the enclosed surface was a
-reservoir which was supplied with water as evaporation went on.</p>
-<p>The first fire in the try-works was started with wood, but, after the
-oil was tried out, the pieces, called scraps or fritters, served as
-substitutes. Thus the whale supplied his own fuel. The horse pieces had
-to be minced, and the clank, clank of the mincing machine was constantly
-heard. At night the sight was a novel one. As the blubber was thrown
-into the heated pots, the flames leaped out of the doors, the smoke
-rolled away in great volumes, the oil pitched with the pitching of the
-vessel and the smutched faces of the watch made the scene all the more
-gloomy. Was there ever a whaler that didn’t have plenty of cockroaches?
-If so, ours was not one. As the heat increased, out came the little
-fellows and ran about in search of new abodes.</p>
-<p>The work at night was carried on under the glare of blazing cressets,
-called bug lights, hung from the davit heads. These cressets were
-supplied with the scraps taken out of the boiling oil. The light they
-gave could be seen for a long distance, and, though we had not seen a
-sail that day, the light that night brought a vessel to us. She came
-very near and wanted to know if we were on fire and needed help. She was
-a merchant vessel bound for New York, and, as she went on her way, the
-pleasant incident made us feel grateful and put new vigor into our work.
-The deck was so slippery from oil and blood that at times it was
-difficult to keep on one’s feet. The boiling watch lasted six hours and,
-when it ended, the released men presented a sorry sight with their
-dirty, cold and clammy clothes and their faces showing such intense
-fatigue. As they went to their rest, choking with smoke and carrying a
-sooty deposit in their nostrils, they were happy in the thought that
-there was no longer occasion for harsh language among the men and still
-harsher commands of the mates. And yet I should modify this statement,
-for the work was not one of continuous hardship, for at times we made a
-show of merriment by nibbling bits of fried blubber and frying doughnuts
-in the grease. Later in the voyage we dipped biscuit in salt water,
-heaved them into a strainer and boiled them in the oil; also with the
-help of the steward, we made fritters of the brains of the whale, mixed
-with flour, and cooked them.</p>
-<p>The hot oil was strained into a large copper cooler, where it settled,
-and was then poured into casks—not always an easy task while the vessel
-pitched and rolled. The barrels were coopered, the hatches removed, and
-the barrels lowered into the hold. The casks were of various sizes, some
-of them containing three hundred gallons or more. When the oil was all
-stowed down, came the clearing up. Crude sperm oil, which was of a
-golden tint, and lye made from the burned scraps were excellent for
-cleaning. Soon deck and rigging were as orderly and presentable as if
-the whaler were a regular merchantman. The two whales yielded sixty and
-thirty barrels and the work of trying-out went on without a rest for
-three days and nights.</p>
-<p>We were now getting south, and we were told by the old hands that it was
-probable that we should see few whales before rounding Cape Horn. No one
-yet had made any demand on the slop chest and, as the clothes of some of
-the men were getting a little worn, the crew began to make use of needle
-and thread. It used to be said that a whaleman could be told by his
-patches, and we had proof of it in the work of some of the men. My
-clothes were in good condition and, while my mother had taught me to sew
-and to patch a little, I was glad that I was not one of the first ones
-to attempt repairing. I watched the others, and I found it hard to
-repress a smile as the good-natured blunderers plied needle and thread.
-One man patched a dirty, dark garment with a piece of white cloth.
-Another attempted to sew on a button by carrying the thread over the
-side or edge. A third put an old jacket inside of another, sewed them
-together and patched the openings. He said that he did this in order to
-have something warm to wear when going round the Horn.</p>
-<p>I have said that the men were kept busy on a whaler. Yet life was not
-all labor and peril. There were times when the sailors were allowed to
-engage in “scrimshawing”, that is, carving and decorating sperm whale’s
-teeth and bones. Jawbones of the whale were towed astern so that they
-might bleach to a dazzling whiteness. The lower jaw was lashed down to
-ring bolts, the gums were lanced with a cutting spade, and the teeth
-were drawn out by a tackle rigged from above. They were then pickled in
-barrels of strong brine. Another way was to leave the lower jaw on deck
-until the gums rotted and released the teeth. A few whalemen had
-delicate tools with which they carved out sketches of whales and whaling
-scenes on sperm whale’s teeth, but most of the work was done with crude
-tools and sometimes with a jack knife alone. In using pieces of the
-jawbone, the whalemen seemed to favor “jagging wheels”, so popular for
-crimping purposes. They were probably thinking of the pies they had
-enjoyed in their distant homes. The best collection, probably, in the
-world, of these curious and now valuable articles, will be found in the
-rooms of the Old Dartmouth Historical Society of New Bedford.</p>
-<p>We were now off the Falkland Islands, when a sail was sighted. The
-lookout announced that she was a whaler. He knew that, of course, by the
-boats she carried. Word was given to write letters for home as quickly
-as possible. It was evident that the approaching vessel desired to “gam”
-because she was bound home and wanted to learn the latest news. The
-social feature of whaling was gamming—that is, the ships exchanged
-visits by boats’ crews, the two captains remaining for the time on one
-ship, and the two first officers on the other. Another method as well
-was to let part of the crew of one ship visit the other, and, while the
-captains and officers were in the cabin, the men gathered forward,
-chummed, smoked poor tobacco, sang songs, danced to the notes of a
-battered accordion, played games, and, perhaps, listened to the yarn of
-some good story-teller.</p>
-<p>The vessel we were interested in proved to be the <i>Billow</i> of New
-Bedford. The captain with a boat’s crew boarded us. They were bound home
-after a four years’ voyage, with a good cargo of sperm, and had heard
-nothing from New Bedford for nearly a year. As we had been out a
-considerable period, there was little or nothing to communicate, but the
-visit did everybody good and, as the boat returned, we gave them a lusty
-cheer.</p>
-<p>This very day, as there came a lull in some work I was doing for Lakeum,
-he said, “Where are we now, Bleechly?”</p>
-<p>“Off the Falkland Islands.”</p>
-<p>“What’s on the starboard side?”</p>
-<p>“The Strait of Magellan.”</p>
-<p>“Who was Magellan?”</p>
-<p>“A great navigator.”</p>
-<p>“When did he discover the Strait?”</p>
-<p>“I think in 1520.”</p>
-<p>“Did he go through?”</p>
-<p>“Yes, but he had an awful time of it.”</p>
-<p>“How did you learn these things?”</p>
-<p>“Read them up.”</p>
-<p>Lakeum continued, “Now, Bleechly, you know how it has quite often
-happened that, when a sperm whale has been struck, the line has parted
-and years afterwards the same whale has been taken at a place far
-distant from the place of the first encounter. Let me give you a real
-case. I am told that just about where we are now, many years ago a boat
-of the bark <i>Resolute</i> of New Bedford, belonging to the whaling firm of
-Justin &amp; Davidson, struck a sperm. He was a big fellow and put up a
-great fight. They had to cut the line, and he went off with the harpoon
-in him. Several years afterward, the same vessel, at a spot in the
-Indian Ocean seven thousand miles away, captured the same whale and cut
-out the harpoon in him. When they had cleaned it they found the imprint,
-Justin &amp; Davidson.</p>
-<p>“How did the whale get to the place where they found him?”</p>
-<p>Lakeum, who, as I have said, was a man of good education, delighted
-occasionally to ask questions with a view of testing my knowledge, and
-in this case the location of our vessel suggested the questions
-themselves. I had been so successful in responding to his queries about
-the Strait of Magellan that I did not want to fail in this second
-exercise. I set out to say that the whale swam to the Pacific Ocean, but
-was restrained by the thought that Lakeum was in earnest and that the
-remark would be regarded as impertinent.</p>
-<p>“Think it over and let me know in half an hour.”</p>
-<p>I could have gone to Kreelman, but to solicit his help would not have
-been fair. It occurred to me to think over the habits of whales, and
-immediately the whole thing was perfectly clear.</p>
-<p>“Can you answer the question?” said Lakeum, later.</p>
-<p>“I think so. The whale made the Indian Ocean by way of the Cape of Good
-Hope.”</p>
-<p>“Why?”</p>
-<p>“For two reasons. He didn’t go by the Strait of Magellan because the
-sperm hates soundings, and he didn’t go round the Horn because the water
-was too cold.”</p>
-<p>“Go to the head of the class,” was Lakeum’s remark as he walked away.</p>
-<p>These little manifestations of interest in me were particularly
-pleasing, and assured me that I had, in this fair and just but rather
-mysterious man, a true friend.</p>
-<p>And now the weather became more disagreeable and the ocean more
-boisterous. The men put on their warmest garments, and the dread of the
-passage of the Horn was relieved a little by the thought that with
-favorable weather we should catch a glimpse of the Magellan Clouds and
-the Southern Cross. And sure enough we did. The Magellan Clouds are
-nebulæ in the southern part of the heavens—that is, they constitute a
-beautiful, bright patch in the sky far different from anything I have
-ever before seen; but the Southern Cross impressed me even more. It is a
-small constellation of four chief stars forming a cross. The brightest
-star is the southernmost. The stars are white except the northernmost,
-which is of an orange color. The constellation looked to me more like a
-kite than a cross.</p>
-<p>Though the weather was severe, the old hands said that we were making an
-excellent passage and the chances were that we would soon find ourselves
-in the Pacific Ocean. It was the severest weather I had yet seen, and I
-thought that, if the passage were an excellent one, I certainly did not
-care to see a rigorous one. The prediction that we would soon find
-ourselves in the Pacific did not turn true. We were nearly round the
-Horn when we met with awful weather. There were sleet and a head wind
-for ten days. During this time we just held our own. To add to our
-discomfort, the cook found it difficult to run the galley, and our food
-was poor and there was not much of it. The distress and misery were
-shown in every face, and the only cheer came with the announcement that
-the captain had decided that, if the weather didn’t change for the
-better on the following day, he was going to turn about and make the
-Pacific the other way.</p>
-<p>“That’s a good many thousand miles,” said Kreelman, “but he won’t make
-the Pacific that way. He’ll make it as we are headed now.”</p>
-<p>“What makes you think so?” I inquired.</p>
-<p>“You’ve got some book larnin’, Fancy Chest, but you don’t know
-everythin’. Did you ever see the moon? I haven’t been to sea for years
-for nothin’. Well, the moon changes to-morrow in the afternoon. About
-two o’clock you’ll see the sea go down and the wind shift too, and we’ll
-go ahead and round into the Pacific a-swimmin’.”</p>
-<p>“Do you think the moon affects the weather that way?”</p>
-<p>Kreelman gave me a look of scorn and contempt, and, without answering,
-walked away.</p>
-<p>The night was the wildest we had known, and the morning broke with
-disheartening prospects. During the rest of the voyage I never saw such
-an angry sea or knew such a dreadful storm. As noon approached the waves
-began to go down and the wind to subside. By two o’clock the weather was
-fair, and the wind had shifted in our favor. Every one was contented
-except Kreelman. His discontent related only to me; for, as he passed me
-on the deck, he gave me a withering look. The next day Kreelman was more
-genial, and I thought I would see if he was approachable. I observed:</p>
-<p>“I studied up the Pacific some before leaving home, and I suppose that
-we are now going to whale it off the coast, and then farther west on the
-Offshore Ground.”</p>
-<p>All he said was, “Water and fresh stuff.”</p>
-<p>This was a puzzle. I didn’t want to betray my ignorance, and, while the
-man had been helpful to me in many ways, I didn’t warm up to him very
-much when he was in the wrong mood. I determined to find out what he
-meant, if I could, from another source.</p>
-<p>I have said little or nothing about our single Kanaka. He was of the
-color of his race—not very dark—a good sailor, good-natured, lusty and
-diligent. He had shipped on his first voyage at Honolulu and had seen
-something of the world—more particularly of the world of water. Born in
-a sunny clime, he did not like cold weather, and he had suffered greatly
-in rounding the Horn. He had picked up considerable knowledge from
-observation and experience, and he had what people call in common
-language “horse sense.” In the second dogwatch I went up to him and
-said:</p>
-<p>“Ohoo, I suppose that we are going whaling now.”</p>
-<p>“Whale as you go, but I tink cap’n, he go get to drink and eat.”</p>
-<p>“What do you mean by that, Ohoo?”</p>
-<p>“Me tell. No good water, old stuff to eat.”</p>
-<p>“In other words, Ohoo, the captain wants fresh water for us all and
-fresh things to eat, and he’s going to stop at some island to get these
-things.”</p>
-<p>My inference was right.</p>
-<p>“Dat it.”</p>
-<p>“What island do you think?”</p>
-<p>“Me dunno, but me tink Quesas.”</p>
-<p>I wondered where Quesas was. I had taken great interest in geography at
-school, because, I suppose, of my fondness for the sea. I knew that the
-Pacific was studded with islands, but I could not recall any island of
-that name.</p>
-<p>Ohoo resumed, “Me dunno as me call him right, but not all Quesas; he not
-all Quesas, he somethin’ before dat.”</p>
-<p>Then it came to me.</p>
-<p>“Is the name Marquesas?”</p>
-<p>“Dat him, dat him.”</p>
-<p>“Do you know about these islands, Ohoo; for there are more than one?”</p>
-<p>Then he told me the names of two of them. I could not understand his
-pronunciation, but the real names I learned later. Nukahiva he called
-Newkeva, and Roa Pona he called Row Pew.</p>
-<p>“Newkeva be fine place—plenty good water, plenty everytin’ else. Row
-Pew, he fine place, but me no like him. Long ’go dey take Kanaka and eat
-him.”</p>
-<p>“Cannibals?” I inquired.</p>
-<p>“Me no know canny bells. Me know all ship bells.”</p>
-<p>It was all clear now. The drinking water was almost unendurable, and
-every one from the captain down was longing for fresh food. There was no
-sign of scurvy, but scurvy might at any time appear. The Kanaka’s guess
-seemed reasonable, and the thought of having a drink of good water once
-more and a sufficiency of fruit and vegetables, as well as other things,
-was as pleasurable as the feeling that for once I had the opportunity of
-getting the better of Kreelman. The next morning I said to him:</p>
-<p>“I say, Mr. Kreelman, shall we take on our recruits at Nukahiva or Roa
-Pona?”</p>
-<p>I put an accent on “Mr.” and I spoke in a tone which indicated
-confidence in the statement.</p>
-<p>“Who told you that we are goin’ to stop at them places—Lakeum or the
-captain?”</p>
-<p>“Neither of them. The captain hasn’t spoken to me but once since we
-sailed, and then he told me to get out of the way. Lakeum’s talked with
-me some, but he’s never mentioned stopping anywhere for recruits. You’ve
-been long enough at sea to know that captain and officers don’t hobnob
-much with us common sailors.”</p>
-<p>“Look here, young fellow, don’t you get smart with me. I’m as good as
-anybody. Now I want to know who told you that we are goin’ to recruit at
-the Marquesas.”</p>
-<p>“I keep my own secrets, Mr. Kreelman.”</p>
-<p>I permitted a little bit of a smile to come to my countenance, and, as I
-walked away, I felt that Kreelman, although really a friend to me, was
-as curious as any old busybody, and I resolved not to furnish him with
-the information he desired.</p>
-<p>Within a week we struck and killed two sperm whales, which stowed down
-about a hundred barrels. There was nothing unusual in their capture, and
-the incidents attending cutting-in, trying-out and stowing down were
-similar to those we had already experienced.</p>
-<p>Now came an interesting episode, its first occurrence, but to be
-repeated frequently during the rest of the voyage. Three men wanted
-things out of the slop chest. I supposed that that chest was an enormous
-affair, several times the size of a huge trunk—an article of superior
-finish like mine, only three or four times larger. I found out that the
-slop chest was only a figure of speech and that there was no real chest
-at all. The clothing and other articles were put in large casks, which
-later were to be filled with oil, and were only taken out as they were
-called for. On this occasion the men wanted light shirts. So the
-carpenter, who had charge of the business, brought up an armful of cheap
-shirts for the men to make the selection. The garments were of different
-sizes. As a man held one of them against his body, to determine the fit,
-a button fell off. There was a general laugh. Some one called out, “They
-charge for these shirts twice what they are worth, so they’ll make a
-deduction of five cents for the button.” The laugh was renewed and the
-carpenter endeavored to repress it. The appearance of the captain was
-followed by silence. The carpenter gave the name of each man and the
-garment selected, and the captain made entries in a book. As far as I
-could see, the men didn’t have much to say about the price of the
-articles, and after making the entries the captain did not announce them
-or, if he did, it was in a low tone. Resort to the slop chest was more
-frequent later, but it ceased to be of interest save to the
-participants.</p>
-<p>I knew little, practically, about navigation, but I could tell something
-by the sun, and I was sure that we were bound for the Marquesas Islands.
-One morning no one was ordered aloft. This was the first day since our
-departure when the crow’s nest was not occupied.</p>
-<p>The Kanaka said to me, “Me know what up. See land soon.”</p>
-<p>The prediction was realized, for within an hour came the glad cry,—“Land
-ho!”</p>
-<p>It was now April, 1860, and, with the exception of the bleak and barren
-coast of Terra del Fuego, this was the first land we had seen since
-leaving Pico, and, in all this time, we had not had a case of scurvy or
-any kind of sickness, and hence an unopened medicine chest.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chVII' title='VII: RECRUITING AND SHORE LEAVE'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER VII</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>RECRUITING AND SHORE LEAVE</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>Otaheite, generally called Tahiti, was originally the garden of the
-world. After the white man came there were great changes, but not for
-the better. The soil remained as fertile as before and fruits and
-flowers were just as abundant, but the natives lost the charm of
-simplicity and innocence, and many of them imitated or adopted the bad
-traits and habits of the whites. A similar misfortune befell Nukahiva,
-so we were informed that we were not going into the harbor, but were to
-get water at a place on the island some distance from the settlement.
-The captain, we were told, was familiar with the spot, as he had been
-there before. The men had been looking forward to shore leave, and there
-was much disappointment, but the privilege of going ashore to fill the
-casks with water, even in an uninhabited country, was something. Just
-think of it—to walk once more on the earth after all these months of
-virtual imprisonment in a whaling vessel!</p>
-<p>I heard the captain say to Lakeum, as we approached the shore, “Good
-anchorage and deep water, and, when the men get ashore, quick work,
-too.” Hardly had the anchor touched bottom when the casks were lowered,
-and certain men were picked to man two boats; I was happy in being one
-of them.</p>
-<p>“They don’t want no deserters here,” I heard an old hand say.</p>
-<p>The pull was a short one. We landed at a beautiful spot and there,
-before us, was an expanse of tropical splendors. How nice it was to feel
-earth beneath one’s feet once more.</p>
-<p>“You don’t have to bail and fill here,” said Lakeum.</p>
-<p>This was the expression of a fact we were all aware of, for down an
-elevation only a few feet from the shore poured a bounteous stream of
-water. When the casks were landed, came the order “Let every man drink
-all he wants.” We drank as animals drink, with our faces to the stream.
-Oh! What luxury! It seemed as if we never could get our fill, but the
-word came, “Better stop now and drink again after the casks are filled.”
-A canvas hose with a square mouth was forthcoming, and in less than an
-hour the casks were filled and bunged up by the carpenter. Then we drank
-again to our hearts’ content. We were soon on ship, the casks were
-raised, the windlass was started, the ship took the wind and away we
-went. The men who had been compelled to remain on the ship were
-alternately noisy and sullen. We who had been permitted to land were
-equally discontented, for our brief taste of this tropical paradise only
-made us long for more. We fancied that we were now to seek the “Offshore
-Ground,” and that it would be many months before we would see land
-again. A pleasant surprise was in store for us.</p>
-<p>The following day was so beautiful as to be beyond my powers to
-describe. We had a fair wind, and the air was not excessively warm. I
-think we all felt rather indifferent, and the recollection of the spot
-we had left the day before did not quicken our energies. In the
-afternoon the crew were called aft. Captain Gamans stood with hands in
-his pockets, and we knew that he was about to address us. Was he to
-upbraid us for something we had done? That seemed improbable. Was he to
-convey to us bad or good news? We were anxious to know. The captain took
-the pipe out of his mouth and spoke as follows:</p>
-<p>“You men know that just so often you must have a supply of fresh water
-and a change of food. We’ve got the water, and now we are going to get
-the food. The owner put aboard of this vessel a lot of cotton cloth,
-fancy prints, shoes, fishhooks, axes, hatchets, pipes, bar soap and a
-lot of other things for trade. Now you see if you go into port like
-Nukahiva, where the natives have become what you call civilized, there’s
-no barter but money, and you pay a good deal more for things than they
-are worth. If you trade with the natives where there’s no money, and
-they ain’t been civilized, you can get a lot of recruits for a mere
-song. That’s what we are going to do. We are bound for Roa Pona, and
-we’ll be there to-morrow. After the trading is all done, there’s going
-to be shore leave for everybody. I have been there before and it’s a
-good place to trade, but it’s just as well to keep your eyes open. About
-twenty years ago a whaler went in there to trade and took on board a
-native as hostage and left on shore a Kanaka, a foremast hand, as the
-other hostage. In the night the natives killed the Kanaka and roasted
-and ate him. So now, in trading, ships take a native hostage, but they
-don’t give one. The trading is done in and from boats, and it’s slow
-work and takes half a day. The second day’s when you have shore leave,
-and you can take ashore what trinkets and odds and ends you have, if you
-want to, and trade with the women for the things they make. You may want
-to take some of these things home with you to give to your folks.</p>
-<p>“Now there’s one thing more. When I was here, before, there was a beach
-comber on this island named Pete Ellyon. He’s a deserter from a New
-Bedford whaler and acts as a kind of trader and interpreter. He’s meaner
-and lower than the meanest and lowest native, and you’d better look out
-for him. You can’t offer a sailor a greater insult than to call him a
-beach comber. This man Ellyon’s folks are pretty decent people, and he’s
-had some education, but he’s a renegade.”</p>
-<p>There is no need of saying that the address afforded us great
-satisfaction. Early the next morning land was sighted, and a favorable
-wind soon brought us within a mile of the shore. A curious-looking boat,
-containing three natives, approached. It was curious in that it had so
-little beam and was so light and fragile. It was built for speed and not
-for carrying merchandise. One of the men boarded our vessel, and from
-signs he made and from his familiar air, we knew that he offered himself
-as hostage and that he had already served in that capacity. His dress
-consisted of a cloth around the loins and a broad-brimmed straw hat. He
-was brown-skinned and his arms were tattooed.</p>
-<p>Soon we saw boats leaving the shore, and we dropped our boats to meet
-them. All the articles and fittings which a whaleboat carries were taken
-out of two of our boats, and what little trade we took (and we didn’t
-take much) was placed in one of them. Each was towed by a whaleboat, one
-of which was in charge of the captain and the other of Lakeum. The
-meeting was about half a mile from the shore. The sea was remarkably
-calm. While the boats of the South Sea islanders are generally not made
-for commercial purposes, the two which approached were exceptions. They
-were large, clumsy affairs, each propelled by two men, and in one of
-them was a white man with a scraggly beard and a repulsive countenance.
-He wore a tattered straw hat, rusty trousers and an old dirty shirt.
-There was no need of an introduction. We knew that he was Pete Ellyon.
-Our own captain did not even deign to address him. In one of these boats
-were yams which resembled potatoes, some of which weighed from twelve to
-fifteen pounds, tarrows, which resembled turnips, oranges, bananas,
-breadfruit, coconuts and other vegetables and fruits, and in the other
-boat goats, pigs and fowl. The trading went on slowly. Bargains were
-made largely by signs, Ellyon serving as a hindrance; for as he spoke
-both English and the local jargon, he constantly interrupted the
-proceedings and always, of course, in the interests of the islanders. It
-took the whole morning to transfer the entire merchandise to our boats,
-and I was astounded to see how little of our own trade we parted with. I
-remember particularly two transactions greatly to our advantage—one in
-which the captain gave a small hatchet for about five bushels of oranges
-and a dozen bunches of bananas, and the other, in which he traded three
-yards of cotton cloth for a large pig.</p>
-<p>When we reached the ship, the bananas were suspended from the lower
-rigging, the fruit and vegetables were deposited in the two spare boats
-which were turned over for that purpose, and goats, pigs and fowl were
-taken care of forward.</p>
-<p>“Them live things will go faster than the vegetables and fruit,” said
-one of the men.</p>
-<p>And now we put for the open sea. When the hostage was aware of it he
-gave a shriek and started to jump overboard. Lakeum and Silva grabbed
-him, and he was soon in the place reserved for men who are put in irons.
-The crew were excited and almost mutinous, for they had a double
-grievance: they felt that they were to be deprived of shore leave and
-that the poor hostage was to be carried away as a captive. The whole
-matter was soon explained. Now that the trading was over the captain
-feared that the hostage, if not restrained, would jump overboard and
-swim ashore, and he wanted to retain him until after the men had had
-shore leave on the following day. The vessel was merely to move about on
-short tacks during the night.</p>
-<p>The morning was one of the loveliest I ever saw. The sun rose without a
-cloud, and the water seemed tinged with gold. The Kanaka and three other
-men declined the general invitation to go ashore and they and the
-captain served as shipkeepers. The Kanaka said, with great emphasis, “Me
-stay here; dey get no chance to eat me.” Most of the crew had articles
-or trinkets, and I took with me about a third of the cotton cloth my
-father had given me. The captain said that, if the women and children
-were gathered on the beach, there was little to fear.</p>
-<p>On our arrival there they were, and the only man with them was Pete
-Ellyon. Just up the beach was rich, thick foliage, and an apparently
-dense forest beyond. I heard Kreelman say, “This looks kind of
-suspicious. That vile beach comber is the only man here, and it wouldn’t
-surprise me if there was a gang of natives up there in the bushes.” The
-women were fine-looking, wholesome creatures and, when they smiled, they
-showed beautiful, dazzling teeth. The boys and girls seemed rather shy
-at first; they were well-shaped and pictures of health. There was a
-remarkable display of articles for trade—necklaces and bracelets made
-from richly tinted shells joined together by a kind of thread about like
-silk and made, I suppose, from some plant or vine, and an abundance of
-other fancy articles which one would think beyond the conception of
-savages. However, these people were plainly superior to the ordinary
-South Sea islanders. There were beautiful little mats and baskets made
-of tapa, which is the bark of the paper mulberry, and there was a lot of
-clubs, spears and paddles with wonderful carvings made with sharks’
-teeth or bits of shells. As the trading went on, Ellyon was particularly
-pleasant and gracious. He would say, “Don’t let them cheat you;” “Offer
-the woman half as much cloth as she asks for”; “These young ones round
-here are regular thieves; look out for ’em.” At first I wondered why
-this change from yesterday and then began to suspect that he had some
-sinister purpose. When the business was over, I was no longer the
-possessor of the cotton cloth, but rejoiced in the ownership of a number
-of articles which I proposed to take home to my mother, and of a spear,
-a paddle and a club, which I intended to show to my young friends and to
-preserve as mementos or trophies.</p>
-<p>“Now, boys,” said Ellyon, “Come up on the island and let me show you
-round. There’s no spot on the earth any finer than this. There’s fruit
-of all kinds and plenty of shady places where you can lay down and
-rest.”</p>
-<p>We all wanted to go, but there was no response, not even a word of
-thanks on our part. Most of us suspected treachery. We had no firearms
-and, in case of ambush, we would be defenceless. On first seeing Ellyon,
-the day before, and listening to his babbling while the trading was
-going on, I would have said that it was impossible for so repulsive a
-creature to be so polite as he now was.</p>
-<p>“Come, boys, come,” he repeated, “I don’t suppose you’ve had shore leave
-before on this voyage, and now make the most of it. Where are you bound
-to, ‘Offshore Ground’ or ‘Coast of Japan’ before you go to the Arctic? I
-take it you’re goin’ to the Arctic. There’s nothin’ like terra cotta for
-a man whose been treadin’ wood at sea for eight or ten months. We
-gentlemen, who live in these Pacific Ocean islands in order to spread
-civilization, are only too glad to entertain our guests from the
-homeland. Come along to my lodge up on the high land.”</p>
-<p>The captain had said that Ellyon had had some advantages, but the
-reference to terra cotta drew a smile from one at least of the crew. I
-think he saw it, for his expression changed. Then in a moment he was
-pleasant again, and insistent that we should accept his hospitality. It
-was now time for our good manners, so we thanked him cordially and
-pleaded our excuses. One man had not walked any distance for so long
-that he had almost forgotten the use of his limbs; another preferred to
-rest by the sea and simply enjoy the beautiful prospect; a third was so
-exhausted from rowing that he was incapable of further effort, and so
-on. The beach comber now played his last card. “Shipmates,” he declared,
-“there’s a lot of rum up in my place. I can’t bring it down here, but,
-if you want to go up there with me, you shall have all you want of it.”</p>
-<p>Most of the men became greatly interested. No grog had been served
-during the voyage, and the very word “rum” had a pleasant sound.</p>
-<p>“You see, shipmates,” the beach comber continued, “you folks at home
-don’t know what rum is. The rum you drink is made from molasses—that is,
-made second-hand. Did you ever hear of Jamaica rum, worth its weight in
-gold—the smartest drink on the other side of land that ever tickled the
-palate? And why, shipmates? Made from the cane first-hand, and not from
-molasses, second-hand. And how is it on this side of land? Right here on
-this lovely island is the finest rum that is made on any island in the
-Pacific. From what? The sugar cane. By whom? Peter Ellyon. I’ve got a
-still that beats the Dutch. Now come along with me and enjoy
-yourselves.”</p>
-<p>If safety had been assured I think most of the men would have
-accompanied him, but the old ship, which had been our home for so many
-months, now began to look more attractive than this garden spot. One of
-the crew, who during the voyage had bewailed his lot in being deprived
-of liquor, accepted the invitation cheerfully. We all stared at him, but
-there was no disposition to sound a warning in the presence of Ellyon.</p>
-<p>The two men walked up the beach to a little opening in the trees and
-disappeared. Our men were ordered to be ready to man the boats. I heard
-a man say, with a laugh, “He didn’t call himself Pete, but Peter. He’s
-pretty high-toned, even out here among savages.” Another man said in a
-very low tone, “What was Lakeum up to in not stoppin’ that man from
-goin’? He’ll never come back, sure.”</p>
-<p>The women and children showed no disposition to go, and this seemed to
-indicate to me that, while our departed shipmate was rather imprudent,
-there was reason to believe that he would return. I was right. He did
-return and in a hurry. Suddenly there rang out a piercing shriek; the
-women and children disappeared, and out of the thicket sprang our
-shipmate, followed by Ellyon, and ran for us like a deer. Word came to
-push off, and into his place leaped the man as agile as a cat. The crews
-bent to the oars, and there on the beach stood our would-be entertainer,
-his face fairly livid with rage. He sent after us a torrent of vile
-language; strange to say, no natives appeared on the shore, and, as we
-widened the breach, the form of our late associate was still visible and
-still active, but the billingsgate language kept growing less and less
-distinct.</p>
-<div id='i139' style='margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:10.0%; width:80%;'>
- <img src='images/i139.jpg' alt='' style='width:100%' />
-<p class='caption'>Out of the thicket sprang our shipmate.</p>
-</div>
-<p>It was no time to learn the story of our shipmate’s adventure. When we
-reached the <i>Seabird</i> our boat remained in the water while the other
-boats were raised. There was soon commotion on the deck, and the hostage
-appeared in the custody of a couple of the men. By sign and gesture he
-was ordered into our boat, and he complied. It was not a long haul to a
-spot suitable to dump him. Lakeum declared:</p>
-<p>“See here, hostage, there’s your friend on shore. He’s waiting for you
-and you’d better go overboard.”</p>
-<p>The hostage was indifferent. Lakeum smiled, and then imitated a man
-about to leap over. The hostage, who had rebelled when he thought the
-ship was bound out to sea, still seemed indisposed. Lakeum laughingly
-declared, “We will do what is usual under the circumstances.”</p>
-<p>Lakeum and another man seized the native and pitched him into the sea.
-There was nothing cruel in the performance. The sea was the man’s
-element, and he struck out in the direction of Ellyon as if he was going
-to rejoin an old companion.</p>
-<p>And now, what was the explanation of the adventure of our shipmate with
-the beach comber? It seems that Ellyon insisted on his companion taking
-the lead on the ground that he would have an unobstructed vision, and
-there was much that was beautiful to behold. The man, who, by the way,
-was not overburdened with intelligence, entertained no fear and
-complied. They had proceeded only a short distance when an enormous
-snake crossed the path, and, in order to avoid colliding with him our
-man stopped suddenly, and Ellyon, having no warning, ran into him with
-such force that Ellyon was thrown to the ground. As our man made all
-speed for the shore it was the enraged Ellyon who let out the shriek.</p>
-<p>Hence we knew that the vile language he showered on us as we pulled away
-was prompted by the mishap.</p>
-<p>In the second dogwatch the day’s doings were the theme of conversation.
-What was Ellyon’s purpose? Did he intend to lead the men to their death
-and then endeavor with the help of the natives to capture the ship? Or
-was he merely socially inclined and anxious after so long a separation
-from his own people to entertain us for the pleasure it afforded him?
-Something, of course, hinged on his alleged production of rum. If his
-story was true, there was some reason to credit him with good
-intentions; if untrue, it was evident that he had designs upon our lives
-and not upon our property, for we hadn’t any property. His story as to
-the rum was discredited by one of the men, who declared that all
-vegetation on the island was very rank, and that the rum made from cane
-which grew rankly was of poor quality.</p>
-<p>“That settles it,” said one of the old hands, who was something of a
-wit, “Ellyon never had any decent rum in his life, and this rank stuff
-he makes is as good as any he ever had. What he calls good rum we
-sailors would call slops. Judge the old renegade by himself. I don’t
-believe he meant no harm. The trouble is he got knocked down, and that
-made him angry.”</p>
-<p>Ohoo, who had been a listener, now observed, “Me no go in boat ’cause
-fear trouble. Cap’n tell o’ Kanaka killed and eat on island long ’go.
-That Kanaka man my uncle. Beach comber, he bad man. Good luck for crew
-get back. Ship good ’nough for Ohoo.”</p>
-<p>As we broke up, Kreelman came to me and asked pleasantly, “How did you
-know, Fancy Chest, that we were goin’ to stop at the Marquesas?”</p>
-<p>“I guessed it from what Ohoo told me.”</p>
-<p>“What did he tell you?”</p>
-<p>I felt like saying that an old sailor may be very much like an old
-woman. However, I graciously told him of the inference I drew from
-Ohoo’s remarks.</p>
-<p>“Fancy Chest,” said Kreelman, “if you live long enough you’ll be a
-boat-steerer or a lawyer, I don’t know which.”</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chVIII' title='VIII: THE PRIZE WHALE AND THE RESCUED BOAT'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER VIII</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>THE PRIZE WHALE AND THE RESCUED BOAT</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>I have said little about the cook, who was so kind to me the first
-morning at sea. He was always pleasant and obliging, and he used to say
-that he only regretted that he couldn’t prepare for me some nice little
-bits like those my mother used to cook for me at home. One day I said to
-him:</p>
-<p>“Why is it that you scrape out the plates so carefully and then put the
-scrapings into a big cask? Why don’t you throw them overboard?”</p>
-<p>“Because I’m a money getter. Don’t you know what slush is? Why, it’s the
-scrapings of the plates. I’ve heard it said that they use it on some
-ships to slush the masts with. Not on this vessel—worth too much. I put
-it in casks and there it stays till end of the voyage. It don’t rot,
-gets sweeter all the time. When voyage is over, sold to be made over,
-and out comes beautiful, rich lard. Goes to the best restaurants and
-brings big prices. I get my lay in the slush.”</p>
-<p>“I never heard of such a thing,” I declared.</p>
-<p>“I make out of it in another way,” he continued.</p>
-<p>“How’s that?”</p>
-<p>“Why, I scrape the plates so carefully that often they don’t need
-washin’; so I save labor.”</p>
-<p>All this was said seriously; and I have to say that I was not disturbed.
-I thought it a joke that the rich should regard as a luxury what we poor
-sailors discarded as worthless. And then I thought that, if the story
-had been told to me before I left my father’s roof, I should have been
-inclined to disbelieve it.</p>
-<p>The cook continued:</p>
-<p>“Now that we’ve got fresh stuff on board, let me tell you this. You know
-that the cabin gets the best, the steerage, where the under officers,
-boat-steerers and carpenter eat, next best, and the forecastle last.
-Nevertheless, you folks will get some of it, and I’ll do my best to make
-it taste right. Now let me tell you that in this warm weather the
-forecastle is no place to eat in, so I’ve asked Lakeum to let me serve
-the boys on deck, and he’s given his consent, and this will be done so
-long as the weather’s warm. After that back to the forecastle. You boys
-will sit on hatch and windlass, and I’ll serve the food in a new way.
-There’ll be two tubs, one of them called the meat kit, into which I’ll
-dump the boiled meat, and a second, without any name, into which I’ll
-dump the vegetables. Then every man will help himself. Coffee in the
-mornin’ and tea at night, I’ll serve in buckets. The fruit they let the
-boys have they can eat as they please, so long as it lasts.”</p>
-<p>The adoption of this new method seemed to cheer the men up. One
-advantage was that we were disposed to converse more than we did in the
-gloomy forecastle, and pleasantries were indulged in. The good manners
-noticeable in the forecastle were not discarded on deck. Food may not
-have been partaken of according to the requirements of polite society,
-but each had due regard for the rights of others, and there was no sign
-of greediness.</p>
-<p>I have said that I was not a great success at the masthead, and I repeat
-it. My vision may have been poor or I may not have had very good luck,
-but good fortune came in an unexpected way. A few days after leaving the
-island I stood in the hoop, looking out on a sea that was hardly moved
-by a ripple and on a sky that was clear of clouds. I think I have said
-that a whale will suddenly appear when for some time not a spout has
-been seen from the ship. The belief is that the whale must have sounded
-at a place a long way off and then made great speed under water. While I
-was scanning the horizon, suddenly my attention was attracted by a spout
-not more than two hundred yards away, and I shouted “B-l-o-w-s,
-b-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s. There he breaches! There he white waters.” I saw
-just enough of the whale to convince me that he was a large one.</p>
-<p>Silva’s boat was the first to take water, and that boat was the one
-which got him. When the whale was fast to the ship, Silva said, “I never
-see such a whale in my whalin’. He’s the biggest fellow I ever see;
-he’ll make a good deal over a hundred. When we struck him he didn’t seem
-to show no spunk. I never see a whale with such weak flukes. He didn’t
-make much more suds than a washwoman makes, and, when he sounded, it
-wa’n’t no more than a boy divin’. The line went out so slow that you’d
-think there was a child pullin’ at the other end, and we didn’t lose no
-more than eighty fathoms. And he ain’t no dry skin. His jaws is all
-perfect. He ain’t been fightin’ with no whale. There’s somethin’ the
-matter with the big fellow, but I don’t know as we’ll find out.”</p>
-<div id='i149' style='margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:10.0%; width:80%;'>
- <img src='images/i149.jpg' alt='' style='width:100%' />
-<p class='caption'>I shouted “B-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s. There he breaches!”</p>
-</div>
-<p>Turning to me, Silva said, “See here, young fellow, I guess you’ve got
-ahead of all the boys. Seems to me you’ll be sportin’ a gold watch when
-you get back to New Bedford.”</p>
-<p>One may fancy how pleased and elated I was. The whale was the largest we
-had taken, and it was possible that we might take one larger, but not
-very probable. The blubber peeled off in splendid strips and appeared
-rich in oil. The general opinion was that the whale would yield at least
-a hundred barrels, and one man’s estimate was a hundred and twenty.</p>
-<p>“I’ve sailed the seas most of my life and the largest sperm we ever took
-made a hundred and ten,” said one of the old sailors.</p>
-<p>When the blubber was stripped off and the head severed, the body rolled
-over; and then a man, who had a spade in his hand, uttered an
-exclamation.</p>
-<p>“What’s the matter?” some one asked.</p>
-<p>“What’s the matter? Look at that big bunch.” He pointed to a spot where
-the intestines were greatly swollen. “There’s something in there, sure.
-I don’t know what it is. I never see anything like that before.”</p>
-<p>“Well, I know what it is,” said Captain Gamans, who was passing. “Give
-me that spade and I’ll show you what it is, even though it’s the first
-time I ever saw anything of the kind.”</p>
-<p>The captain pressed with the spade, and the intestines opened and
-disclosed a large substance, which he declared to be ambergris. There
-was great excitement, and the buzzing reminded me of a gathering of
-gossipers. While deference, of course, had to be paid to the captain,
-yet every one had something to say about the preservation and uses of
-this strange and valuable secretion. The truth is, no one knew anything
-about ambergris, for a man might spend his life on a whaler without ever
-seeing a whale which carried a pound of the substance. The captain
-ordered a large tub to be brought. This was lowered, and a couple of
-sturdy Portuguese descended and lifted the mass into the receptacle.
-When it was landed on deck the buzzing was resumed as the inspection
-proceeded. Every one had to feel of it. It was hard and apparently
-perfectly formed.</p>
-<p>Now the truth was, the captain didn’t know any more about ambergris than
-the foremast hands. Addressing Lakeum, he said, “We shall have to take
-this stuff home with us, for it’s so valuable I wouldn’t dare ship it,
-and the question is how best to take care of it. I suppose the best
-thing to do is to put it in a small cask and head it up and then put the
-cask into a bigger one filled with water. This will tend to keep it cool
-and preserve it. What do you think?”</p>
-<p>“This is the first ambergris,” said Lakeum, “that I ever saw, and I
-confess that I don’t know how to treat it. What do you say if I ask the
-crew if any one of them knows anything about taking care of it?”</p>
-<p>The captain assented. Only one man responded to the inquiry. It was
-Kreelman.</p>
-<p>“I never was on a whaler that took any ambergris, but a man who was on
-the <i>Tiger</i>, which took a whale in 1848 which had a lump that weighed a
-hundred and fifty pounds, told me that they made a great mistake. He
-said that they kept it moist and it kind of spoiled, and he said that,
-if they had kept it dry, they would have got ten thousand dollars more
-for it than they did.”</p>
-<p>The captain said nothing, and the men were ordered to their tasks. His
-expression was not pleasant, for it was evident that he did not like a
-statement, apparently reliable, which ran counter to views he had just
-expressed. But it is a fact that the ambergris was kept dry during the
-remainder of the voyage. It took over three days and nights to cut-in,
-try-out and boil down our leviathan, and stow down the oil. Just before
-the figures were announced, there was a resumption of the guessing. The
-best guess was a hundred and nine barrels; the actual yield was one
-hundred and eleven barrels and four gallons. After the cleaning up, the
-whale and his product constituted the topic of conversation among the
-crew for a long time.</p>
-<p>In the social hour they made all manner of fun of me, or rather of the
-prospective watch. One said that the watch would prove to be
-second-hand; another that it wouldn’t go; a third that when it was wound
-the noise would be as loud as that made by the winding of a clock; and a
-fourth that watches of the kind were sold at five dollars the gross.
-They evidently endeavored to draw me out, but I was silent. Then they
-took up the ambergris and, in a serious way, began to discuss its value
-and uses. Several men thought that it was the perfume itself, but
-Kreelman insisted that it was the substance which prevented evaporation.
-Then tales were told of the fabulous sums which druggists had paid for
-the substance and more fabulous tales about the size and weight of
-various lumps of the article. Then some one asked:</p>
-<p>“Does Fancy Chest get the ambergris beside the watch?”</p>
-<p>One would think that such a foolish question would only have elicited a
-laugh; instead, it gave rise to an animated discussion.</p>
-<p>“If he does get both, he’ll be a kind of Crocus,” another declared.</p>
-<p>“And who was Crocus?”</p>
-<p>“He was a rich man—lived in New York—had more money than any other man
-in the world.”</p>
-<p>Though I was a boy, I had seen enough of my companions to know that any
-proffer of enlightenment would be resented; so I did not tell them that
-Croesus was intended.</p>
-<p>In answer to the first question, one of the men said, “This is the way I
-look at it. If sightin’ the biggest whale wins a prize, then the
-ambergris in it, which is so rarely found in whales, is a prize also and
-belongs to Fancy Chest.”</p>
-<p>The countenances of most of the men betrayed anxiety, but the expression
-changed and there was a roar of laughter when Ohoo said, “If Fancy Chest
-get watch and ambergris, den he get whole ting—de blubber, jaw bone and
-teeth. Why not? Dat ain’t no common sense.”</p>
-<p>The discussion now went on in a milder way and was quite prolonged. It
-ended with the emphatic statement of Kreelman:</p>
-<p>“Everybody, from captain down, has shipped on a lay. We all have our lay
-or share in the whale, and everything in him. If Fancy Chest shipped on
-one one-hundred-and-eightieth lay, that’s his part of the ambergris, and
-that’s all there is to it.”</p>
-<p>There was now general acquiescence, and I silently concurred.</p>
-<p>The next morning I was in the crow’s nest and the Gay Head Indian was,
-too.</p>
-<p>“I see somethin’,” he said.</p>
-<p>“Where?”</p>
-<p>“Off there on the weather bow.”</p>
-<p>I scanned the horizon earnestly and then asked, “What is it—a pod or a
-single whale?”</p>
-<p>“It ain’t no whale. Can’t you see it—just a faint little thing?”</p>
-<p>I regretted my defective vision. The Indian leaned forward, showing by
-his attitude and fixed look that he was intensely interested. I heard
-him mutter; and now I, too, was greatly interested. I fancied I could
-see a faint outline. The Indian renewed his muttering and suddenly broke
-out, “Boat ahoy!”</p>
-<p>Up came the captain’s voice, “Where away?”</p>
-<p>“Three points on the weather bow, sir. Looks like a whaleboat.”</p>
-<p>It was almost time for the Indian and myself to be relieved, but
-fortunately we remained aloft long enough for the Indian, at least, to
-make out the object and announce the situation.</p>
-<p>“Whaleboat, sure,” he said.</p>
-<p>By this time the object was plain to me and I was soon able to make out
-a boat. The Indian kept gazing intently and began muttering again.
-Before long he shouted for the captain’s information:</p>
-<p>“Only four men rowin’. Looks like one man hurt.”</p>
-<p>When we descended, we found the carpenter out with the medicine chest.
-It seemed to me as if time never passed so slowly. Did the boat belong
-to some vessel which had suffered shipwreck, and had its occupants been
-forced to resort to the awful expedients of famished sailors, or had it
-merely lost its ship and been only a few days astray? This last
-conjecture was the more probable, as we were cruising on a whaling
-ground, and, though it was of vast extent, it was rarely traversed by
-merchant vessels. As the boat came near us, the ship was hove to. The
-Indian was right; there were four men at the oars, and the man not
-rowing was bent over as if he had been injured. To the captain’s hail
-the reply came from the man with the steering oar:</p>
-<p>“Boat of the bark <i>Magic</i> of New Bedford—struck a whale late yesterday
-afternoon. Man’s arm caught in warp and injured. Warp cut, lost bark,
-been out all night.”</p>
-<p>The injured man was the first to be helped aboard. He appeared exhausted
-and was evidently in great pain. It is wonderful how gentle and tender
-rough men can be when their services to a sufferer are suddenly invoked.
-The man sat down on the hatch and was first given a generous drink of
-New England rum. Then the captain and carpenter proceeded to relieve him
-of his jacket. This was done very slowly, and gently done, too. Even
-then the patient winced and his face bore witness to the pain
-occasioned. The garment removed, an unpleasant spectacle was presented.
-The sleeve of the shirt was saturated with blood, which was dry, black
-and coated, and this evidently had staunched the flow as his companions
-in the boat had had no means of treating the injured member. The cook
-brought warm water, and the carpenter soaked the sleeve until it parted
-from the flesh. Then he severed the sleeve near the shoulder and the
-bruised arm was revealed. First, washing it so as to remove any lint
-that might adhere, and applying a lotion with the delicate touch of a
-woman, he then wound the bandage around it with the skill of a surgeon.
-The sufferer was then allowed the freedom of the cabin.</p>
-<p>“A good job,” said one of the sailors. “He done so well, Peter, why
-don’t you have him take your tooth out?”</p>
-<p>Peter, a good-natured foremast hand, was suffering from toothache and
-was very disconsolate. He said that he had never had any trouble with
-his teeth before, and that this was the first tooth to decay. I think he
-was pleased with the carpenter’s medical proficiency and anticipated the
-extraction of the tooth without much suffering. Peter was told to lie
-down on the hatch, and then there followed one of the most barbarous
-practices I ever beheld. Forceps were then in use, but the carpenter had
-none, and used the old-fashioned rollers instead. The tooth was really
-ground out of the man’s jaw in a way that reminded me of grinding
-sausages. He bellowed like a wild animal, and the tears stood in his
-eyes. His glance showed resentment rather than gratitude. Yet the
-carpenter did his best with his old-fashioned implement.</p>
-<p>Kreelman said, quietly, “Carpenter, surgeon, blacksmith, dentist, all
-one.”</p>
-<p>The mate of the rescued boat told an interesting story. In the late
-afternoon they had lowered, and, after a long chase, had made fast to a
-whale; a kink in the warp had led to the accident and the warp was cut.
-It was nearly dusk, and the ship was not to be seen. They took what they
-thought was the proper direction, but no lights were observed.</p>
-<p>“If we don’t pick her up to-day, we’ll heave to at night and pick her up
-in the morning,” said Gamans.</p>
-<p>On inquiry, it was found that the <i>Magic</i> had made a fine voyage and was
-on her last cruise. This was pleasant news, and word was passed round
-that the men on the watch below might write letters to be taken by the
-<i>Magic</i>, if we were so fortunate as to gam with her. That evening our
-visitors were exultant over their successful voyage and made us feel
-rather small with our moderate amount of oil. One of the <i>Magic’s</i> men
-was very boastful, and described incidents in their voyage of an
-extraordinary nature, which did not lose anything, however, from the
-man’s telling them. After he had pretty well talked himself out, one of
-our men asked:</p>
-<p>“What do you think your cargo will amount to? When we left port, sperm
-oil was the lowest it had been for a good many years, and your catch, I
-suppose, is all sperm. You ain’t got no bone, and you didn’t go in the
-Arctic as we are goin’.”</p>
-<p>“Well, our captain says it’ll bring about ninety thousand dollars.”</p>
-<p>The man looked round with an air of triumph.</p>
-<p>“Ninety thousand dollars is a good deal of money,” he continued.</p>
-<p>“Yes, it is, but we took about seventy-five thousand dollars of
-merchandise in a few hours, and we’ve been out from port considerably
-less than a year,” observed one of our men.</p>
-<p>The remark was greeted with a derisive laugh.</p>
-<p>One of our visitors retorted, “It would take a good many months to get
-seventy-five thousand dollars’ worth of sperm oil, and a good many weeks
-to try-out and stow down.”</p>
-<p>“We’ve got a patent machine. We do it all in one job.”</p>
-<p>“Pshaw! That’s nonsense.”</p>
-<p>“Men are pretty smart whalemen,” continued our man, “when they can pick
-out a whale that’s got a lump of gold in him.”</p>
-<p>“You don’t mean to say——” The man stopped.</p>
-<p>“Yes, I do mean to say that we’ve got stowed away a lump of ambergris
-that’s worth more than half your catch of over three years. Suppose we
-change the names of the vessels and call our ship the <i>Magic?</i>”</p>
-<p>The announcement, coupled with the laugh which followed, was too much
-for the visitors, and the conversation turned to other subjects—the
-common things which pertain to a sailor’s life, such as the food, the
-weather and relations with the officers. When the crews of different
-vessels meet, boasting is inevitable. Kreelman said afterward that he
-never saw, at a gam, men so completely squelched as were the sailors
-from the <i>Magic</i>.</p>
-<p>We hove to that night, as the captain said, and at dawn the crow’s nests
-were manned by lookouts who were instructed to seek sharply for the
-<i>Magic</i>, although whales were not to be ignored. Soon a mastheader
-announced the top-hamper of a distant vessel, and, before long, the two
-ships were in a position to gam. The <i>Magic</i> dropped a boat and her
-captain headed it. When it came alongside he leaped to the deck and
-shook hands with our captain. The two men, who were old friends,
-conversed earnestly and there was something interesting and delightful
-in their meeting by chance, many thousand miles from home, on a great
-ocean, which constitutes a pretty large part of the entire globe. The
-captain of the <i>Magic</i> wanted the last news from home, and our captain
-gave him what little information there was. Then Captain Gamans
-remarked, “Now let me tell you the latest news of this vessel. We’ve got
-on board a lump of ambergris that weighs three hundred pounds, and it’s
-well formed, too.”</p>
-<p>“What good luck! I never saw a piece of ambergris in my life.”</p>
-<p>How often one man’s good fortune is another man’s discouragement! The
-visiting captain didn’t feel like remaining any longer. He took our
-letters, exchanged courtesies, and departed. I watched the two boats as
-they put back to and reached their ship, and then, as the breach between
-the two vessels widened, I was conscious of the recurrence of the
-feeling I had experienced when the <i>Seabird</i> dropped from her moorings
-in New Bedford harbor. The <i>Magic</i> diminished until it was only a speck.
-Then I thought, “In a few months she will drop anchor in the home port,
-and a large number of the officers and crew will be once more with
-family or friends. Long months must elapse before our return, and then
-there are the uncertainties of our calling—disasters or a broken voyage.
-Oh! for my father’s kindly greeting, my mother’s smile, and the little
-room which I abandoned for the sea.”</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chIX' title='IX: HONOLULU AND OFF TO THE ARCTIC'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER IX</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>HONOLULU AND OFF TO THE ARCTIC</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>We were due in the Arctic Ocean the last of June, and were to touch
-first at Honolulu, where most of us expected letters from home. It was
-not our fortune to take a right whale during the voyage, as we were to
-cruise partly for sperm whales, but chiefly for the right whale’s great
-brother, the bowhead, to be found in the Northern Pacific and the Arctic
-Oceans. We were privileged, however, to see a right whale feed. One day
-we passed through a great stretch of “brit.” The sea presented the
-appearance of an extensive field of grain. I was at the masthead.
-Another lookout declared, “Plenty of brit. Likely to see a right whale
-any time. If you do, no use to try and take him. Never take a righter
-when he’s feedin’. One thing, he won’t stop, and another thing, he goes
-too fast for you to follow him.”</p>
-<p>In half an hour this very man called out, “B-l-o-w-s, b-l-o-w-s,
-b-l-o-w-s.”</p>
-<p>“Sperm or righter,” shouted the captain.</p>
-<p>“Righter,” was the answer.</p>
-<p>There was no excitement below, indeed nothing to show that a boat was to
-be lowered. To me the sight was new and interesting. The spout was
-straight and erect and far more beautiful than that of the sperm. The
-whale seemed to be bound directly for us and, as we were going in
-opposite directions, it was not long before he passed at close quarters.
-The rushing of the great creature with open mouth through his pasture of
-brit reminded me of a snowplough passing through a drift. He left behind
-him a trail of blue water and spouted with great force. I did not have
-to be told again that the right whale was difficult to capture when
-feeding.</p>
-<p>We cruised slowly towards Honolulu, taking a couple of small whales on
-the way, and, when we arrived, we had four hundred barrels of sperm oil
-stowed down.</p>
-<p>I was of the opinion that some of the men might desert, if they had
-shore leave. I felt that the temptation would be very strong for Ohoo,
-for he would be near his home and he did not regard the cold weather in
-the Arctic with favor.</p>
-<p>The entrance of the harbor is through a narrow opening in the coral
-reef, and the place where we dropped anchor was at a convenient distance
-from the shore. A boat’s crew was selected, the captain held the
-steering oar, and Lakeum was in the bow. Strange to say, Ohoo was one of
-the other four, and I rejoiced in the fact that I also was of the
-number. An hour’s leave was granted. The air was balmy, and the town had
-rather an American appearance. But delightful as it was to get back once
-more to civilization, I kept thinking of my mother and my home, and I
-soon strolled back to the landing. Lakeum, too, had returned, and we
-were alone. I don’t know how he happened to divine my thoughts, but he
-did.</p>
-<p>“Bleechly,” he said, “you think Ohoo won’t come back, but he will. I’d
-trust that Kanaka anywhere. His people live up in the town somewhere.
-They are of the poorer class. Despite persuasion of family or friends,
-Ohoo will show up in a few minutes.”</p>
-<p>Soon he resumed:</p>
-<p>“This place is almost as fine and beautiful as Tahiti, and many a whaler
-has touched here. In the early days both men and women would swim six or
-seven miles out to the incoming vessels. Things could be bought here
-cheap then, but the more civilized people become, the dearer everything
-is. The captain is bargaining for beef and pork, and it will be brought
-out in a native boat, a kind of lighter, this afternoon.”</p>
-<p>Again he ceased talking, looked thoughtful and sad, and then resumed:</p>
-<p>“You are thinking of home, Bleechly,—your mother, no doubt. When you get
-your letter, I hope you’ll find that all is well. There are many
-beautiful sayings like ‘A man’s best friend is his mother’ and ‘There is
-no place like home.’ But what shall we say of a man who has no mother
-and no home but a whaler?”</p>
-<p>He stopped abruptly and there was something in his face which led me to
-think that he didn’t want the question answered, and certainly it was
-plain that he did not propose to answer it himself.</p>
-<p>Ohoo appeared and broke forth, “Oh! Me so happy—my home, my home!—Me
-find my folk—no dead, all live! Look at sea. Me swim in him all round
-when me a boy. All my home.”</p>
-<p>Strange that Ohoo should touch with such joy on the subject which Lakeum
-had just dismissed with such a mournful air. I felt that the mate’s eyes
-were gathering dew and I fixed my gaze on the <i>Seabird</i> at her
-anchorage. The rest of the crew came back, the captain last. In his hand
-were just a few letters. Recalling Lakeum’s words, I thought how true it
-was that the only home of most of our men was the dirty and dingy
-forecastle, and that they were to receive no remembrances from the land
-they had left.</p>
-<p>Captain Gamans was generally more inclined to be austere than
-sentimental. However, there was a touch of tenderness in what he said
-when he handed me a couple of letters.</p>
-<p>“Lucky you are, boy, to get them. Lucky that you had a home to come from
-and lucky you’ll be if you get back to it. I’ve no fault to find with
-you so far; and, if you keep on, you may get a captain’s berth, and I
-hope you will. But if I had my life over, I would stop with the first
-voyage and go to work on shore, even if I couldn’t get anything to do
-but shoveling dirt.”</p>
-<p>Pointing to a vessel anchored near by, the captain continued, “There’s a
-lot of disaster and misfortune in whaling. I’ve just learned about that
-ship. Almost no oil, crew deserted, big drafts. That’s what they call a
-broken voyage! Lucky are we with our ambergris.”</p>
-<p>We had now been gone nearly a year from New Bedford, and the prevailing
-thought with me was that some sorrow might have visited my distant home.
-I opened my mother’s letter with trembling hands; and it was a mother’s
-letter, just such a one as a mother writes to her son. All were well,
-there had been no sickness, she had remembered me in her prayers, she
-had all confidence in the correctness of my habits, she hoped that I was
-in excellent health, home was not home without me, it seemed many years
-since my departure, and only my return would restore her happiness.</p>
-<p>I opened my father’s letter without foreboding, for my mother had told
-me that all was well. It was a father’s letter, just such a letter as a
-father writes to his son. He hoped that I was diligent and dutiful as a
-sailor, that my habits were correct, that I was in good health and that
-I would have little from the slop chest, as they had given me an outfit
-which cost a good deal of money. He declared that, if people saved when
-they were young, they would keep on saving during life, that he wanted
-me so to conduct myself that there would be something coming to me at
-the end of the voyage, and, if there was, that he wouldn’t claim it,
-although I was a minor, but would allow me to deposit it in the savings
-bank in my own name.</p>
-<p>After receiving our recruits in the afternoon, we weighed anchor and set
-sail for the north. The old whaling habit of cruising slowly and
-shortening sail at night was now abandoned. We crowded on sail and made
-for the Arctic with all possible speed. As we approached the Aleutian
-Islands, the weather grew colder, and the men began to look to the slop
-chest. I noticed that Ohoo called for the warmest outfit, and the poor
-fellow needed it.</p>
-<p>And now a few words about bowheads. It wasn’t until 1843 that whalemen
-began to know anything about these whales. Indeed, before that time,
-they were ignorant that the right whale had this great brother. Their
-haunts were in the North Pacific and in the Arctic Sea. In the year
-named, a whaler for the first time visited the Okhotsk Sea and found and
-captured bowheads. Soon after they were discovered and taken off Alaska
-on what was called the Kodiak ground; and in 1847 a whaler named the
-<i>Superior</i> entered Bering Strait. It was learned that, during the severe
-winter weather, these whales largely visited these two grounds in the
-North Pacific and then in June and July, as the lower Arctic became more
-or less free from ice, passed through Bering Strait for their summer
-sojourn. As more and more whalers visited the North Atlantic and the
-Arctic, the bowheads became more shy and went farther north. The whalers
-which pursued them were thus drawn into places where there was great
-danger from ice; and eleven years from the time of our story came the
-great disaster which even now bears the name of “Whalers Crushed by
-Ice.”</p>
-<p>When we reached Bering Strait there was no longer any night. It is often
-said that it was at midnight when the first bowhead was taken in the
-Arctic. How can this be when, at the time we call midnight, it was
-daylight?</p>
-<p>Several of the crew declared that we should now hear the singing whales,
-and I was anxious for an explanation. I could hardly believe what they
-told me when they said that bowheads communicate with one another by
-emitting sounds resembling singing. This is thought to be a signal, when
-passing through Bering Strait, to notify other whales that they are
-bound north and that the Strait is clear of ice. There is another
-explanation of this musical exercise. When a bowhead is struck, other
-bowheads in the neighborhood are frightened or “gallied”, and the
-singing is thought to be a signal of danger. I noticed that the cry was
-something like the hoo-oo-oo of the hoot owl, although longer drawn out
-and more of a humming sound than a hoot.</p>
-<p>I had read about the “killers” and of their fierce attacks upon right
-whales and bowheads, and assumed, as these battles were rarely
-witnessed, that I might sail the seas for a life time without ever
-beholding one. And yet the spectacle was presented soon after we passed
-the Strait. The “killer,” also called the orca or thresher, is a small
-whale with a complete set of teeth on both jaws. He isn’t worth
-anything, and hence is never pursued by man. His favorite victim is the
-bowhead and what he is after is the bowhead’s tongue. Now it is to be
-noted that the tongue of a large bowhead is said to weigh as much as a
-good many oxen. These killers are as cunning and intelligent as they are
-cruel. Sometimes a pack of them will engage in the attack on a whale,
-but frequently only three. In our case we saw ahead of us a great
-splashing of water and an object that would leap up into the air and
-disappear, and then reappear and repeat the performance. When we got
-nearer we saw that a fight was going on between a huge bowhead and three
-killers. The object we had seen was a killer which again and again
-sprang into the air and descended on the whale’s back with the design
-apparently of tiring him out. Then we noticed that two creatures had
-fastened their teeth to the whale’s lips with the purpose of forcing his
-mouth open. There are few things in the world so powerful as the flukes
-of a bowhead. The old saying was to beware of a sperm whale’s jaw and a
-right whale’s or bowhead’s flukes. This unfortunate leviathan was
-pounding the sea with his great flukes, but not to the injury of his
-assailants, for they were well out of the way. The flukes were now less
-active. Soon they ceased to operate; the exhausted bowhead opened his
-mouth, and the ravenous trio proceeded to feast upon his tongue.</p>
-<p>We were now near the whale and, just as a boat was lowered, Kreelman
-said to me, “That poor fellow is about gone, and it’ll be an easy job to
-kill him. See the shape of him; he ain’t so long as a sperm, but he’s
-bigger round and plumper, has thicker and richer blubber and makes more
-oil, even if it don’t bring so much. But let me tell you this, Fancy
-Chest, them killers don’t fool much with sperm whales. A sailor told me
-once of a sight he see. He said two killers and a swordfish tackled a
-big bull sperm. The killers come on in front and went for the bull’s
-jaw, and the swordfish come up from below to go for the bull with his
-sword. He said the bull grabbed one of them killers and made mince meat
-of him and the other left. One prick of the sword was all the whale
-needed. He rushed ahead a little and then brought them flukes of his
-down with tremendous force, and there wasn’t no part of the swordfish
-left. Better let a sperm whale alone.”</p>
-<p>When the boat reached the bowhead, he was nearly dead, and it was an
-easy matter to despatch him and tow him to the ship. The cutting-in and
-trying-out were nearly the same as in the case of the sperm whale. The
-only difference was in handling the head. The great strips of bone were
-cut out, hoisted on deck, carefully cleaned and stowed away. When the
-carcass was set adrift, there were no ravenous sharks or noisy birds to
-be seen; and I thought how much more fitting it would have been, if the
-great creature had met death in a battle with man rather than fall an
-ignoble prey to the assaults of what are called the “wolves of the sea.”</p>
-<p>Epicures prefer fish just out of the water. I wonder what they would say
-of meat just out of the water. There is nothing to show that the meat of
-sperm whales was ever served to the men, but that of the bowhead was a
-common article of food. Of this I was ignorant until Kreelman told me
-and he added, “We’ll have somethin’ for supper that’ll make your mouth
-water. Generally the cabin gets the best, the steerage next and the
-forecastle the scrapings. But the poor old bowhead has so much meat that
-all will be treated alike.”</p>
-<p>I had a chat with my old friend, the cook. He told me that the best cuts
-come from alongside the backbone or the afterpart of the whale, that the
-flesh looks more like beef liver smeared with blood than any other kind
-of meat, and that the usual method of cooking the flesh is in meat
-balls, although stews and steaks are very good. The cook went to the
-place where the chunks were suspended under the boathouse and came back
-with one.</p>
-<p>“Now watch me, Fancy Chest,” he said.</p>
-<p>The cook put the meat through a sausage machine, spiced it with sage,
-savory and pepper, mixed in a little chopped pork, then made it up into
-balls and fried it. Most of us of the forecastle had never tasted
-bowhead meat before, but we were loud in our praise of the meat balls.
-The flavor was rather peculiar, and one of the men, who had seen a good
-deal of the world, said that they tasted to him a little like venison.</p>
-<p>“Me don’t know nothin’ ’bout Benny’s son,” observed Ohoo. “But me no
-care no more ’bout lobscouse and hard bread; me eat blawhead all time.”</p>
-<p>I have described a right whale feeding on brit. More than once it was
-our fortune to see a big bowhead devour his dinner. The food in the
-North Atlantic and Arctic is called “slicks”, which give the water the
-appearance of oily streaks. They are produced by different kinds of
-jellyfish and range in size from a pea to six inches or more in
-diameter. When the bowhead is feeding the spread of the lips is about
-thirty feet. Turning on his side, he will take a course fifteen feet
-wide and a quarter of a mile long, scooping just under the surface where
-the slicks are most abundant. The water passes through the whalebone and
-packs the slicks upon the hair sieve. The bowhead raises the lower jaw
-and, still keeping the lips apart, forces the tongue into the cavity of
-the sieve, expelling the water through the spaces between the bone. Then
-the bowhead closes his lips to enjoy his meal.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chX' title='X: EXPERIENCES IN THE ARCTIC'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER X</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>EXPERIENCES IN THE ARCTIC</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>Business was now carried on both day and night, or, more properly
-speaking, all the time, as there was no night. There was always some one
-in the crow’s nest. To increase the chances of seeing and capturing
-whales, the <i>Seabird</i> would drop a boat at about seven A.M., and sail
-about twenty miles and then drop another boat. Then she would cruise
-between the two boats. There was little danger, where it was light all
-the time, of losing a craft. The boats were well provisioned, and the
-men wore their thickest clothing. On the third day a whale was announced
-just as the captain gave orders to lower. Our boat and Silva’s engaged
-in sharp competition. We took water first and got the lead, but the
-movements of the whale favored the other boat, and Silva’s man put two
-irons into him. We stood by to help if we were needed, and I eagerly
-watched the proceedings, for this was the first real live bowhead I had
-seen struck. He pounded the sea with his terrible flukes and then
-sounded just like a sperm whale. When the slack was taken in and the big
-fellow appeared on the surface, we followed Silva’s boat and watched
-with keen interest the last act in the tragedy. Silva handled the lance
-well, driving it into the body as if he had a sperm whale to deal with.
-When the bowhead was dead and the tow-line was attached to him, Lakeum
-said to me:</p>
-<p>“I hope Silva won’t have trouble. You know what so often happens in the
-case of bowheads?”</p>
-<p>“No,” I replied.</p>
-<p>“Why, they sink.”</p>
-<p>“I didn’t know that, Mr. Lakeum. None of our men ever told me.”</p>
-<p>“Yes, they sink, just as so many right whales do. That monster there is
-worth seven thousand dollars, good, and it would be a pity to lose him.”</p>
-<p>The words were hardly uttered when Lakeum shouted, “Don’t look right,
-Silva; settling a little.” There was apprehension, indeed consternation,
-in the boats. It was true that the whale was settling. When men don’t
-know what to do, they often shout, and this is what the men in Silva’s
-boat did, and when the order came to cut the tow-line, they shouted
-still louder. Then, as the great whale disappeared, the noise subsided,
-and as both boats pulled for the vessel, Silva was the picture of
-despair. The captain had witnessed the unfortunate accident from the
-ship and was inclined to blame Silva.</p>
-<p>“Well, I killed the whale, didn’t I, Captain?”</p>
-<p>“Yes.”</p>
-<p>“Am I to blame then, if he sunk?”</p>
-<p>There was no answer to this question. The captain muttered, “I don’t see
-why so many of these bowheads sink.”</p>
-<p>Since passing Bering Strait we had seen several ships in the distance,
-but they were not near enough to hail. And now a vessel was bearing down
-on us—presumably not for a gam but for information. She proved to be the
-<i>Awashonks</i>, a vessel with a remarkable history. I was standing near the
-gangway when her captain boarded us. The <i>Awashonks</i> was three years
-from home, and the captain was anxious for the latest news. There was
-little for Captain Gamans to communicate, so the conversation, which was
-necessarily brief, related to their respective voyages.</p>
-<p>“We have just lost a whale,” said our captain. “He sank. I suppose
-you’ve had bowheads sink, haven’t you?”</p>
-<p>“Not on this voyage,” replied the visitor. “I learned the trick on the
-last voyage. Every bowhead we kill we cut-in, try-out and stow down,
-never lose one. If whalemen had learned the trick years ago, there
-wouldn’t be so many bowheads at the bottom of the ocean.”</p>
-<p>The visiting captain evidently had information to convey, but didn’t
-want to give it voluntarily. It seemed to me that he wanted Captain
-Gamans to ask for it. There was a pause. Then our captain said:</p>
-<p>“I suppose sinking is due to the condition of the whale. I don’t suppose
-lancing has anything to do with it.”</p>
-<p>“Lancing has everything to do with it. That’s where the trick comes in.
-You lance a bowhead or a right whale over the shoulder blade, directing
-the lance downward, and it will kill him in the shortest time, but he’ll
-be pretty sure to sink, because there’ll be a rushing escape of air,
-shown in large bubbles rising through the water. Lance him straight or a
-little upwards and it’ll take more time to kill him and be more
-dangerous, but you’ll save your property.”</p>
-<p>The visitor assumed a triumphant air. I never saw Captain Gamans play
-his part better. He expressed his thanks for the information and then
-said, in an off-hand way:</p>
-<p>“I suppose that the whale we lost was worth several thousand dollars and
-that’s a good deal of money for any ship that has to depend solely on
-whaling; but we are not worrying on the <i>Seabird</i>. We’ve packed
-something away that’s worth at least seven bowheads like the one we’ve
-lost.”</p>
-<p>“And what’s that?”</p>
-<p>“Why nothing but a seventy-thousand-dollar lump of perfectly made
-ambergris.”</p>
-<p>The tables were turned. The man who had rejoiced in his triumph was now
-plainly annoyed. He manifested little interest in the ambergris and soon
-took his departure.</p>
-<p>To me the <i>Awashonks</i> was a vessel of great interest. A number of ships
-which cruised in early days in the Pacific Ocean were never heard from,
-and one opinion was that they were captured by savages. This was nearly
-the fate of this very <i>Awashonks</i>. In October, 1835, she touched at
-Namovik Island, of the Marshall group, in the Pacific Ocean. The natives
-who boarded the vessel appeared to be friendly. Suddenly, however, they
-seized the spades used for cutting in blubber, and attacked the crew.
-The captain was beheaded and the man at the wheel and the second mate
-were killed. Before Jones, the third mate, could use a spade he had
-snatched from a native, he was compelled to flee down the forehatch, and
-the rest of the crew either took to the rigging or found refuge in the
-hold. The men aloft cut away the running rigging to prevent the progress
-of the ship; those below worked aft and, with muskets found in the
-cabin, opened fire, but with little effect, as the natives sought places
-that were not within range. Some of them gathered above the
-companionway, which they had closed; Jones placed an open cannister of
-powder underneath and fired it. The explosion tore off the roof of the
-cabin and scattered the natives. Jones and his men then drove them
-overboard.</p>
-<p>Twenty-five years had elapsed since this startling adventure; the
-<i>Awashonks</i> was still afloat and as a fact was to sail the seas for
-nearly a dozen years more, only to be crushed by ice in the Arctic. What
-was the age of whalers? Many a one was from time to time repaired and
-practically made over. It is authentic that one vessel was in commission
-for eighty-eight years and another for ninety-one.</p>
-<p>The logbooks of whalers are of great value in preserving much of the
-history of whaling which cannot be gleaned from any other source. Logs
-kept on merchant ships recorded formal matters, such as the weather, the
-direction of the wind, the location of the vessel, the courses taken and
-the distances covered. The logs of the whalers contained all these
-matters and, in addition, accounts of the whales attacked and captured,
-the bone taken, the oil stowed down, strange occurrences on the deep,
-such as battles with whales and deliverances from death, the places
-visited, the happenings on ship and on shore, items of a personal
-nature, sums in arithmetic, attempts at poetry, pictures of the whales
-captured or lost, pen-and-ink sketches and often colored drawings, and
-illustrations representing scenes in the life of the whaleman.</p>
-<p>The pictures of the whales alluded to were sometimes drawn with a pen,
-but generally were impressed by means of a stamp, which in early years
-was carved from wood by the men, and was later made of rubber. The
-impression was made on the margin of the page, and, if the whale were
-captured and boiled down, the number of barrels of oil obtained was
-written on a little white spot purposely left at about the middle of the
-picture. In running down the margins of the pages, one could easily
-determine how many whales were taken, how many escaped and the amount of
-oil each whale yielded. Black ink was not always used. Occasionally the
-impression was in blue, and the whale’s last agony was shown by a
-scarlet stream pouring from his blowhole. Open the logbook of an old
-merchant ship and there is nothing to interest, amuse or instruct, but
-the logs of the old whalers, now in the possession of the New Bedford
-Public Library and of the Dartmouth Historical Society, are as
-interesting as story books, and are, indeed, story books themselves. If
-the log book of the <i>Seabird</i> was deposited in one of these
-repositories, one will find this entry made by Lakeum after the capture
-of the cachalot which yielded the ambergris—“This day we took a golden
-whale.”</p>
-<p>One would think that it was the duty of the first mate to keep the
-logbook, but on a whaler others were permitted to ventilate on its pages
-their joys or woes. One of the most amusing entries was the following,
-made by the steward of the <i>Mystic</i>, sent on a cruise for sea-elephant
-oil in 1843.</p>
-<div style='text-align:center; margin-top:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto'>
-<div style='display:inline-block; text-align:left;'>
-<div class='cbline'>How dear to this heart are the scenes of past days,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>When fond recollection recalls them to mind,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>The schooner so taut and so trim like a miss in her stays,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And her light rigging which swayed to the wind—</div>
-<div class='cbline'>The old-fashioned galley, the try-works close by it,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>The old blubber-boat with six oars to pull it.</div>
-<div class='cbline'>The bunk of my messmate, the wooden chest nigh it,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>The old monkey jacket, the often-patched jacket,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>The greasy old jacket which hung up beside it.</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<p>There are few logbooks which give accounts of mutinies for the reason
-that, when the mutineers got possession of a vessel, the logbook went
-overboard. An exception is that of the <i>Barclay</i>, which sailed from New
-Bedford in 1843. The logbook records that trouble began soon after
-sailing; that a fight for the third time occurred at supper between one
-of the crew and the green hands; that the fighter was put in the rigging
-and given a few stripes; that he acknowledged the blame and was
-released; that he went forward, making threats; that the blacksmith was
-very saucy, he being the worse for rum; that for days the weather was so
-severe and the sea so rough that no entries were made and no
-observations taken; that after rounding the Horn the weather was much
-better; that on Monday, April 29, 1845, at eight o’clock, the captain
-sent the steward forward to call the men, or one of the men, aft, to see
-their meat weighed; that they wouldn’t come; that the captain called
-them three times and then took a broom to one of the blacks; that they
-refused, one of them saying that one of their complaints was that a
-pound and a quarter of meat was not enough; that they now went forward;
-that the black was insolent and was told to go aft again, that he
-replied that he would not and went to the forecastle, that in getting
-him up one of the men interfered and struck the captain; that the
-captain dropped his weapon and took hold of him; that the man seized the
-weapon and attempted to strike the captain; that he was told to go aft
-but refused, and went down into the forecastle, and, taking a sheath
-knife, said he would kill the first man who came down there, but that at
-last he delivered himself up to be put in irons. “Thus ends in Peace.”
-The mutiny collapsed, otherwise the logbook would have been delivered to
-the sea.</p>
-<p>During the voyage I had made many entries in the logbook under the
-direction of Lakeum, and now I was to be intrusted with further
-authority. Lakeum observed:</p>
-<p>“Bleechly, I’m going to let you keep the log now. You’d better first
-tell me what entries you are going to make, and after you’ve made them
-I’ll look them over in a general way to see that they are all right. I
-don’t know as you are given to poetry and such things. If you are I
-wouldn’t put any of your rhymes on the logbook. There is too much
-scribbling on some of them.”</p>
-<p>Lakeum laughed heartily, the first sign of merriment on his part I had
-for a long time seen. However, I had a little artistic taste, and I
-proposed to indulge it. In a few days I had my first entry to make other
-than the usual formal matters, and here it is:</p>
-<p style='text-indent:0; margin-top:1em'>Remarks on Board of the <i>Seabird</i>, Captain
-Gamans. In the Arctic Ocean.</p>
-<p style='text-align:right;'>Thursday, July 7, 1860.</p>
-<p style='margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:0.7em;'>First part light breezes from S. W. Middle
-part much the same. At 2 p.m. saw whales
-and put off. Boats among whales. One whale
-being towed to ship.</p>
-<p>The imprints tell the story,—one whale making sixty barrels, and
-underneath the words, No. 12; another whale without any accompanying
-figures and the imprints of several flukes, above one of which was the
-word “missed”, and under another the words, “Drew the Iron.” Thus one
-whale was captured, the iron missed a second and drew out of a third.
-Such a method of description reminds one of the picture-writing of
-savages.</p>
-<p>Of course there was surmise as to who would sight the largest bowhead
-which was captured. I think there was a general feeling that the gold
-watch ought to go to the Gay Head Indian. He had, so far, sighted more
-whales than any man on the ship. It was generally thought that the other
-prize would go to me, although it was possible that a sperm whale larger
-than the one I had announced might be captured. One of the men reasoned,
-“Fancy Chest didn’t really sight the whale; the whale sighted him. He
-happened to come up near the ship, and such luck might have happened to
-anyone. Now the Gay Header has got the best eyes of any man on board.
-Those Gay Head Indians have made the best mastheaders on the New Bedford
-whalers for years. But just as likely as not luck will be against the
-man, and some greenie will get the prize.”</p>
-<p>I answered, “You forget that there are two more seasons yet—one sperm
-whaling and another again north. As for myself, I wouldn’t object to the
-watch, but I’m not catching unhatched chickens. I don’t know as I would
-like anything better than for Ohoo to get the watch.”</p>
-<p>Our life in the Arctic was not so bad. Not compelled to cruise far
-north, as vessels were in later years, we encountered little ice and the
-weather was generally fair. We were successful, and the hardships we had
-to endure were not so severe as we had anticipated. One day from the
-lips of the Gay Header came the happy call. The boats were lowered and
-in a few hours the largest bowhead yet was fast to the <i>Seabird</i>. The
-Gay Header was well liked, and his supposed good fortune gave great
-satisfaction. During the cutting-in and trying-out there was much
-conjecture as to the monster’s yield, and it was remarkable how accurate
-were the estimates of the men who for years had followed the sea.</p>
-<p>Here is the entry which I made in the log book:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<div>Remarks on Board the <i>Seabird</i>. In the Arctic Ocean.</div>
-<div style='margin-top:0.2em; margin-bottom:1em; text-align:right'>Tuesday, August 17, 1860.</div>
-<p>These twenty-four hours commenced with a
-light air. Cloudy from the southward and
-westward. At 3 p.m. Gay Header sighted
-whale and boats lowered, and at 7 fast to
-whale, 3 miles from ship. Took whale alongside
-at 11. All hands sent below. At 7 called
-all hands and commenced cutting-in.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>And what were the imprints in the white spot in the black whale on the
-margin?</p>
-<p>“L. B. B. 163 barrels No. 16.”</p>
-<p>Four days later one of the men sighted another whale and when he was
-alongside it was noted that he was of great size. Would he prove larger
-than the Gay Header’s whale? That was the question. Comment and guessing
-went on for several days while the toilful labor was pursued. Towards
-the last of the trying-out and stowing down the excitement rose to a
-high pitch, and the announcements were eagerly received. As we were
-nearing the end 161 barrels was called out, then fifteen gallons more.
-The amount was increased ten gallons, then the last of it made six
-gallons more. A shout went up, “A half a gallon short of 162, but call
-it 162”, and the Gay Header was one barrel ahead. We had now, besides
-the sperm oil, ten hundred and fifty barrels of whale oil in the hold
-and twelve thousand pounds of whalebone, not to mention the ambergris.</p>
-<p>I had written at school very modest verses, lauded by my schoolmates as
-very fine poetry, and I now composed a crude stanza which I wanted to
-put in the logbook. With some hesitation and diffidence, I went to
-Lakeum and stated my request.</p>
-<p>“I thought I told you, Bleechly, that we didn’t want any scribbling on
-the log.”</p>
-<p>“Well,” I replied, “they’ve made some fun of me because they say that my
-sighting the big sperm was only a matter of luck, and I want to show to
-whom I would like to have the watch go, if a still larger whale than
-mine is captured.”</p>
-<p>“Well, show me the lines.”</p>
-<p>I have spoken of Lakeum laughing heartily. He repeated the exercise.</p>
-<p>“Put it in if you want to. I think, however, you’ll make more money
-whaling than you will writing poetry.”</p>
-<p>I made the following entry:</p>
-<div style='text-align:center; margin-top:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto'>
-<div style='display:inline-block; text-align:left;'>
-<div class='cbline'>They call me simply Fancy Chest,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And say within my grasp</div>
-<div class='cbline'>The prize that every tar desires</div>
-<div class='cbline'>It may be mine to clasp.</div>
-<div class='blankline'></div>
-<div class='cbline'>But, if a man of keener sight</div>
-<div class='cbline'>A greater whale may claim,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>I choose a man of royal worth</div>
-<div class='cbline'>And Ohoo is his name.</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<p>Some of the crew asked me to repeat the lines. I noticed that they
-seemed to make an impression only upon Ohoo. He wanted to know if I was
-writing about something good to eat.</p>
-<p>During our stay in the Arctic we did not once make a landing. Several
-times, in running in near the shore of Alaska, the Esquimos came out to
-us in their boats and we hove to for a few minutes to allow them to come
-on board. I noticed how skilfully they handled their canoes, which were
-made of the skin of some animal, probably the seal. The paddles were
-double-bladed, and very gracefully the oarsmen shifted the blades,
-sending the boats ahead with remarkable speed. The Esquimos had picked
-up a little English and their patois was curious and not always
-intelligible. For bits of rope, old hoops and so forth they traded
-knickknacks of their own making. For an old shirt, I purchased several
-of these articles which I proposed to carry home as mementos. About the
-middle of September, just as we were about to sail for Honolulu, we ran
-near shore for the last time, and just as we tacked several of their
-boats appeared. The season was over and they seemed to know that they
-would see us no more, for as we bore away, the occupants called out in
-cheery tones, “Goo’by—goo’by.”</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chXI' title='XI: HONOLULU AGAIN, AND SEA TALES'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER XI</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>HONOLULU AGAIN, AND SEA TALES</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>And now for Honolulu! Every one was good-natured and happy. Few vessels
-in the history of whaling could beat our record of fifteen months. It
-was the opinion that if our good fortune continued, the voyage would not
-exceed three years. There were no orders to shorten sail nights. We were
-to make port in the shortest possible time in order to ship all our oil
-for New Bedford, and prepare for our cruise on the Coast of Japan.
-Lakeum said to me one day:</p>
-<p>“You remember that when we stopped at Honolulu we had rather a picked
-crew when we went ashore. That was more a happen-so than anything else.
-I suppose you thought that men who were thought not likely to desert
-were selected, and I remember that I said something to you about Ohoo’s
-faithfulness. You see at that time we had four hundred sperm and the
-ambergris. That was enough to keep the men loyal. Now we have ten
-hundred and fifty whale and twelve thousand pounds of bone more. Do you
-suppose men with a lot of money in view are going to desert? I think
-not. We shall be at Honolulu some time, but you may be sure that every
-man will turn up when we sail.”</p>
-<p>We reached Honolulu in due season and discharged all our cargo, except
-the ambergris. The foremast hands saw every nook and corner of the
-beautiful town, which was peculiar in having both a tropical and an
-American air. The bathing was delightful, and its charm was only
-surpassed by watching from the shore the natives as they glided on the
-surface of the sea like tiny seaboats or dove with the ease and grace of
-the seafowl. Ohoo took me to his home, a rude little cottage with few of
-the modern conveniences, but the home of kind and pleasant people. His
-father was dead, but his mother, two sisters and a brother were my
-entertainers. I ate their simple and to me rather curious food, but was
-particularly pleased with the fish which was cooked between heated
-stones. They danced and sang their quaint songs, and I truly felt that I
-was in another world. Ohoo acted as interpreter, and the funny work he
-made of it promoted mirth and hilarity. I bade my new-made friends
-good-by, feeling that this brief experience was one of the most
-delightful episodes of the voyage.</p>
-<p>Our cargo discharged, and recruits taken aboard, we started for the
-coast of Japan on November 24, 1860. Whales were, and still are,
-plentiful in those waters, the first vessels to visit which were the
-<i>Syren</i> and <i>Maro</i> of Nantucket in 1820. Our cruise was to be a long
-one, and then we were to go north again.</p>
-<p>Of all the adventures of whalemen, none exceeds in daring and danger
-that of Ronald MacDonald, all the more remarkable because the daring was
-unnecessary and the danger voluntarily incurred. In 1826 the ship <i>Lady
-Adams</i> disappeared near the coast of Japan, and it was surmised that she
-had struck a reef and that her crew, after reaching shore, had been
-murdered. Another vessel, named the <i>Lawrence</i>, was wrecked, and it was
-afterward learned that the second mate and seven of the crew, after
-landing, had been cruelly treated, one of the number having been
-tortured to death. It also appeared that the crew of another vessel,
-which stranded on the coast, received similar treatment, one of the men
-killing himself to escape further torment.</p>
-<p>While whalemen regarded the Japanese coast with terror, yet one day,
-when a whaler was cruising near that coast, MacDonald, a seaman,
-obtained his discharge, taking in lieu of his “lay” a boat equipped for
-landing and supplied with sundry books and certain utensils, and boldly
-made for shore. On his arrival he was stripped of everything, but, as it
-appeared to his captors that his outfit indicated good intentions, they
-did not torture him; so he began to teach them English.</p>
-<p>Some time afterward Commodore Biddle visited Yeddo for the purpose of
-establishing trade relations with the Japanese. MacDonald and the
-survivors of the two wrecked whale ships were committed to the
-Commodore’s charge with the warning never to return. The stories told by
-these whalemen, and the information gained by Biddle, determined our
-government to send another expedition under Commodore Perry, with
-results so well known to the world.</p>
-<p>In the dogwatch the <i>Lady Adams</i>, the <i>Lawrence and</i> Ronald MacDonald
-were much talked about. A couple of our men had sailed in vessels that
-had cruised within a few years off the coast of Japan, but they said
-they had never known a boat to land on the coast, and so far as they
-knew a few whalers only had recruited at Hakodate, a port to which
-vessels might go. There was something mysterious about the quarter of
-the world we were approaching, and the uncertainty colored our
-conversation in the dogwatch. Shipwrecks and other disasters at sea were
-also brought up, and the more terrible the tales, the greater the
-interest.</p>
-<p>“Suppose anything happened to us off the coast of Japan. What should we
-do?” said one of the men.</p>
-<p>“It might be another case like the <i>Essex</i>,” replied Kreelman.</p>
-<p>There was a demand for the tale of the <i>Essex</i>. While I had read all
-about that ill-fated vessel, I was anxious to hear Kreelman’s version.</p>
-<p>“In the year 1820,” he began, “the ship <i>Essex</i> of Nantucket, Captain
-Pollard, was cruisin’ in this very Pacific Ocean when whales was
-sighted. The first whale they struck stove the boat. Two other boats was
-soon fast to another whale, and the ship headed towards them. All of a
-sudden a big sperm bull breached nearby and bore down on the ship at
-full speed and struck her with tremendous force and she begun to sink.
-The whale moved off, and then he come back, openin’ and closin’ his big
-jaws and poundin’ the sea with his flukes and dashed into her again; and
-pretty soon she was on her beam ends. Owen Chase, the mate of the
-<i>Essex</i>, writ a book in which he said that there wasn’t no such thing as
-chance about it, that the whale was mad because they had struck his
-companions and that he meant revenge. In three boats captain, officers
-and crew made for Peru, which was nearly three thousand miles away. They
-at first reached an island where nobody lived, and three of them
-preferred to die there rather than go through what the men would have to
-go through who were to go on in the open boats. One boat was never heard
-from. When one of them gave up and died the others ate his raw flesh
-like wolves. At last they were rescued. Three in one boat was picked up
-by one ship, and two in the other boat by another ship. Captain Pollard
-was one of the men that was saved. Word got round to Nantucket, before
-his return, of the awful time he and his shipmates had had, and when he
-come back the streets was lined with people, and not a word was said as
-he walked with bowed head to his home.”</p>
-<p>Kreelman’s tale was correct. Some one said, “Fancy Chest, you are a
-scholard and have read about such things. You can’t tell no tale that
-can beat that.”</p>
-<p>“I don’t want to,” I declared. “The story of the <i>Essex</i> is all true and
-I trust it may never be repeated; but I can tell a story of a whale as
-savage as the one which sank the <i>Essex</i>. He too attacked a whaler, but
-no lives were lost.”</p>
-<p>“Go on,” they shouted.</p>
-<p>“In 1850 the <i>Parker Cook</i> of Provincetown, while cruising in the
-Atlantic, lowered two boats for a bull sperm. The boat-steerer of one of
-the boats made fast with two irons, and the whale capsized her. The line
-fouled and nearly severed the boat-steerer’s leg from the body. He
-fortunately was able to cut the line, and the other boat picked up the
-men in the water and returned to the ship. But the whale wasn’t
-satisfied. Like the destroyer of the <i>Essex</i>, he made for the <i>Parker
-Cook</i> and struck her with great force, throwing the men to the deck and
-burying the cutwater and stem up to the planking in his head. Then he
-repeated the performance but with abated force. The captain lowered
-another boat, and, when they were in close quarters, fired three bomb
-lances into the creature and so wounded him that he spouted blood. Every
-time the whale made for the boat, great skill was required in avoiding
-his charges. The whale was at last killed, and when tried out yielded a
-little over a hundred barrels. The vessel put into Fayal for medical
-treatment for the boat-steerer and for repairs. Lucky it was that the
-attack was directly on the stem. Had it been on any other part of the
-vessel she would probably have shared the fate of the <i>Essex</i>.”</p>
-<p>The men called for another, and I responded:</p>
-<p>“Of course, what I have just told I read out of a book, and, as you ask
-for another, I’ll give you this which I also read out of a book, but
-it’s true nevertheless. While near the Azores in 1832, the mate’s boat
-of the <i>Barclay</i> of Nantucket struck a whale with both irons, and, when
-the mate went forward to use the lance, the whale turned and killed him
-and then escaped. A few days after, the <i>Hector</i> of New Bedford fell in
-with the same whale, and several boats were lowered. The whale made for
-the mate’s boat. This officer, by a quick move, avoided the encounter,
-and the boat-steerer threw his harpoon successfully, but the whale
-turned and smashed the bow of the boat. He then demolished the captain’s
-boat. While the crew were picked up, the whale proceeded to bite up the
-pieces of the broken craft, and succeeded with a single exception. This
-was a keg. As the keg bobbed up and down on the waves, the whale tried
-to capture it with his teeth, but unsuccessfully, and he seemed very
-angry. After the men had reached the ship, the whale and the keg were
-still in evidence. The mate now picked a crew and lowered again. The
-whale then lost interest in the keg and made for the boat. Its
-occupants, terror-stricken, pulled for the ship. Several times they
-barely escaped from the whale’s jaws, and they were becoming exhausted
-when the whale, which had been fighting of course with his belly up,
-turned over to lift his head out of water and take in some fresh air.
-The boat was so near that the mate was able to drive his lance into the
-creature’s vitals, killing him almost instantly. The harpoons of the
-<i>Barclay</i> were found in his body.”</p>
-<p>The men were very attentive and thoughtful. One of them said, “If a
-boat’s crew should lose the ship in these waters we’re goin’ to, it
-wouldn’t do to land, and I don’t know what would become of ’em.”</p>
-<p>Kreelman turned to me and said, “Fancy Chest, that reminds me of the
-bark <i>Janet</i>. I’ve heard the story, but you’ve read about it, I suppose.
-So go on and tell it.”</p>
-<p>“Yes, I have read about it. In 1849 a boat’s crew succeeded in killing a
-whale, and soon after the boat was capsized. All the contents except the
-oars were lost. The men were able to right the craft, but she was
-water-filled, and the sea was so rough that to prevent the boat from
-foundering the oars were lashed across her. Night was coming on and,
-unfortunately, they were not seen from the vessel. Working their way to
-the dead whale, they made fast to him and endeavored to empty the water
-from the boat, but the sea was so rough that they were forced to cut
-loose. After a night of great suffering they looked in vain for the
-bark. They could make little headway, and they were all exhausted, so
-they put the boat before the wind. On the second day the sea subsided,
-and they were encouraged to throw over the boat and empty the water. One
-man was lost in the unsuccessful endeavor, and two of the men soon went
-mad. The nearest land was an island off the coast of Peru, a thousand
-miles away. The weak and discouraged crew summoned all their strength
-and tore the ceiling from the boat, with which to rig a wooden sail.
-They steered their course at night by the stars, and by day suffered
-great agony from the heat. There was neither food nor water for seven
-days, and then they drew lots, and one of their number was killed and
-eaten. A shower fell, but too late. On the eighth day another man died
-and on the ninth another shower furnished water. Then a dolphin leaped
-into the boat. For several days birds came so near that the men were
-able to kill them. Twenty days after the boat capsized they reached the
-island off Peru. There they killed a wild pig and two days later were
-taken off by the <i>Leonidas</i> of New Bedford.”</p>
-<p>“Well,” observed one of the men, repeating the previous remark, “if a
-boat gets lost from a ship on the ground we are goin’ to, they’d have a
-hard time of it. It wouldn’t do to land there, and where could they
-land?”</p>
-<p>This observation gave rise to discussion, and the expression of views
-showed a woful ignorance of geography. Kreelman seemed to have the best
-grasp of the situation.</p>
-<p>“Gentlemen,” he said, “this coast of Japan ground, as they call it,
-stretches over an awful distance. It runs clear down pretty near to the
-Caroline Islands. That’s south, and I shouldn’t be surprised if we
-touched there for supplies before we go north again. A man who cruised
-in this ocean and was once on this ground told me all about it.”</p>
-<p>“There ain’t no danger from savages round here, is there?” asked one of
-the men.</p>
-<p>“No danger in these days,” replied Kreelman. “In old days occasionally a
-whaler in this ocean was never heard from. Some thought shipwreck, some
-thought cuttlefish and some thought savages. I don’t know. I don’t
-believe there will ever be again such a case as the <i>Sharon’s</i>. That was
-twenty years ago. One of the men who was on board told me about it years
-ago.”</p>
-<p>The sea was quite tranquil, we were sailing freely and there was
-silence. I knew that all Kreelman wanted was encouragement.</p>
-<p>“I have heard of that case,” I observed. “It was in 1842.”</p>
-<p>“How do you know?”</p>
-<p>“Oh, I’ve read about it.”</p>
-<p>“Well, readin’ ain’t always knowin’. When you hear a thing from a man
-who’s been there it’s first hand, and, when you get it out of a book,
-it’s second hand.”</p>
-<p>“Well,” I observed, “you had no objection, not long ago, to listen to
-stories I took from books.”</p>
-<p>Kreelman made no reply and on his own invitation told the story in his
-quaint way.</p>
-<p>“Well, you see, this <i>Sharon</i> touched at an island where a number of the
-crew deserted, and she put to sea with only seventeen men all told. One
-day two boats were lowered for whales, and the captain, a Portuguese boy
-and three natives of the Kingsmill group of islands was left on board.
-They took a whale and the ship bore down and took him alongside, and
-then they trimmed the sails to prevent her forgin’ ahead. The boats were
-now after other whales.</p>
-<p>“Soon the signal flag of the ship at half-mast informed those in the
-boats that there was trouble on board and they put for the ship. When
-within hailin’ distance the boy, who was in the riggin’, called out that
-the natives had killed the captain and had control of the ship. One of
-the natives shook a cuttin’-spade at the men in the boats. Then he said
-somethin’ in his own language to the fourth native who was in one of the
-boats. They thought that he asked him to jump overboard and swim to the
-ship, but the man in the boat shook his head. Then the fellow on deck
-threw the cook’s axe and he aimed so good that the man in the boat only
-saved himself by dodgin’ it.</p>
-<p>“The mate was afraid that the savages would swing the yards and that the
-sails would catch the wind, so he called to the boy in the riggin’, ‘Cut
-the halyards of the upper sails on the mainmast and then go forward on a
-stay and cut ’em on the foremast.’ The boy done it, and then the boats
-got close together and the mates talked over what they’d better do. One
-said one thing, and another another.</p>
-<p>“Benjamin Clough, only nineteen years old, was third mate of the ship.
-Clough stood up in the bow of the first mate’s boat, picked up a lance
-and hurled it at a savage standin’ on the ship’s rail, but the warp was
-too short and the savage laughed at him. Then Clough said that, if the
-boy would cut loose the foreroyal stay and let it drop into the water
-from the end of the jib boom, he would swim to the ship with the warp of
-the lance in his mouth and fight the savages single-handed. The mate
-said, ‘All right,’ and they called to the boy, but he was weak from
-bein’ afraid and tired out, and couldn’t do it. The ship didn’t drift
-much, and they stayed in the boats till night come on.</p>
-<p>“Now this Clough was an awful smart fellow and he said once more that he
-would swim to the ship, and the first mate told him to go ahead. He took
-off every rag he had on, then he took a boat knife in his teeth, and he
-didn’t care if the sea was full of sharks; he swam straight to the stern
-of the vessel, climbed up the rudder and got into the cabin through a
-window. He found, in the dark, two cutlasses and two muskets, which he
-loaded. A native come down the steps and Clough attacked him with a
-cutlass and cut out one of his eyes, but in the struggle Clough’s right
-hand was badly cut. The native was as good as killed.</p>
-<p>“One of the other two savages come to the head of the stairs with a
-cuttin’ spade in his hand. Clough pointed a musket with his left hand
-and right forearm and fired it and killed the fellow. As his body come
-down stairs, bringin’ the spade with him, it struck Clough’s left arm
-and cut it badly. And now see what a smart fellow the first mate was.
-Through the cabin window Clough told him what he had done, and how badly
-he was hurt, and called for help and said that only one savage was
-alive. But the brave mate replied that, as he had only heard one shot,
-he believed that only one savage was dead, so he wouldn’t help Clough.
-The poor fellow stretched out on the cabin floor helpless. In half an
-hour the boat come under the stern, and the men climbed in through the
-windows. The native who hadn’t been hurt jumped overboard but come on
-board again during the night and was put in irons. Clough’s wounds
-healed and, when he got back, his owners made him captain of the
-<i>Sharon</i> and then built a new ship for him.”</p>
-<p>The men were greatly pleased with Kreelman’s story; they were loud in
-their praises of Clough; and, as foremast hands have generally a pretty
-low estimate of the upper officers, they expressed their opinion of the
-first mate in uncomplimentary language. This conference during the
-dogwatch was the most interesting of any in the whole voyage. Most of my
-companions had looked forward to this long cruise with some forebodings,
-and the stories narrated pertained to experiences and incidents which
-some of them probably felt they might themselves encounter before the
-season was over. But Kreelman’s tale had thrilled them. What gloom there
-had been was dissipated, and the men went to the watch below that night
-all ready for their labors in the months before them.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chXII' title='XII: THE COAST OF JAPAN AND THE CAROLINES'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER XII</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>THE COAST OF JAPAN AND THE CAROLINES</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>One would think from the name “Coast of Japan” that whalers cruised off
-the land. In truth they cruised generally some distance from it, for, as
-has been said, sperm whales do not like soundings and are found in deep
-water. Fortunately we did not experience a typhoon or any violent storm.
-We saw a few vessels that looked like junks, but they did not come near
-enough for us to hail them. Of whalers we saw not a few, and we gammed
-with several of them. During the months we were there we took three
-hundred and fifty barrels of sperm oil and were about to start for the
-Caroline Islands, as Kreelman had predicted, when I had the most
-eventful experience of my life. As I recall it after all these years, I
-shudder and renew my gratitude for deliverance.</p>
-<p>The day before we were to sail for the Carolines, whales were announced
-in the afternoon, and Silva’s and Lakeum’s boats were lowered. The wind
-was right; so the masts were stepped and the sails set. For heavy
-whaleboats, built for service and not for speed, we made very good time.
-Every one was happy, and I fancy that the men in both boats contemplated
-a good day’s work with a couple of whales, at least, fast to the ship.</p>
-<p>Silva’s boat had the advantage, and within an hour from the time of
-leaving the ship was fast to a whale. The other whales vanished, so we
-took in sail and awaited developments. In the meantime the wind had
-shifted, but we could see the ship in the distance, and she was of
-course beating towards us. It is difficult to tell what a whale will do
-under water, and he doesn’t propose to let anybody know. When he
-disappears you may think that he will reappear at some point in the
-distance and then, of a sudden, he will emerge not far from the place
-where he sounded. Not a whale was now to be seen; but we were sure that
-one at least would soon be in evidence, and that was the one that had
-been struck by the harpooner of Silva’s boat. But we lost interest in
-that leviathan, for suddenly a great sperm whale rose not more than a
-hundred feet from our craft. We were ordered to take the paddles, and in
-less than a minute the bow just touched the big fellow’s body. With his
-left leg in the clumsy cleat and his stalwart figure strongly outlined
-against the western sky, where the sun was now hardly visible, our
-boat-steerer threw both harpoons with splendid effect. We were quick to
-respond to Lakeum’s order, but the flukes were very inactive and there
-were hardly any suds to get out of; and the whale showed no inclination
-to sound.</p>
-<p>“I’ve been in a boat for thirty years,” said one of our men, “and I
-never see a whale like that before. I believe he’s sick, and I shouldn’t
-be surprised if he had five hundred pounds of ambergris in him worth a
-good deal more than a hundred thousand dollars.”</p>
-<p>We had pretty quick proof of the fact that the whale was not sick, and
-we never had the opportunity to learn whether or not he was rich in
-ambergris. The monster deliberately turned belly up and came for us.</p>
-<p>Lakeum yelled, “Up with your oar, Bleechly.” That meant, of course, a
-signal to the other boat for help. The whale took our boat in his teeth,
-and all of us, with one exception, jumped into the water. The exception
-was a quiet, inoffensive man, and an excellent sailor whom we all liked,
-and who had been friends with every one during the voyage. The whale
-seized him so that the head and arms alone were to be seen. The poor man
-uttered a fearful shriek, and there came to his face an expression of
-anguish and despair. Then he disappeared and the whale proceeded to chew
-our boat into bits. Five men struggling in the water, and an angry whale
-likely to devour them at any moment!</p>
-<p>The whale was indifferent to the others. He directed his attention to
-me. I was a good swimmer and my salvation depended on my successfully
-eluding him, and on my keeping afloat until help arrived. The monster
-turned over, closed his jaws and came feeling around slowly and
-carefully. He passed close to me, and, afraid of his flukes, I grasped
-the warp attached to the harpoons in his body and was towed a short
-distance. The moment he slacked speed, I dove under, so as to clear the
-flukes and come up astern of them. Now I felt rather secure; but strange
-to say he turned and half breached as he came for me. If he had struck
-me a full blow, I should have been crushed to pieces. I think the end of
-his jaw may have just touched my body. At any rate, down I went, and,
-when I came up, he had turned so that I was able to get hold of the warp
-again. Now he seemed to be puzzled.</p>
-<p>My four companions, all of whom appeared to be good swimmers, were
-struggling in the water, but he paid no attention to them. He pounded
-the sea with his flukes and then turned over again. I had to release my
-grasp and as his great body rolled against me, I was half stunned and
-half drowned, and consciousness left me. When I came to, it was dark. I
-felt very sore on the side where the whale had rolled against me, and I
-was extremely weak.</p>
-<p>I muttered, “Where am I? Where am I? Am I dead or alive?”</p>
-<p>Assurance came with the voice of Lakeum. “You are all right, Bleechly.
-Let me tell you the whole story. When the whale turned over, as you were
-clinging to the warp, he proceeded to bite up what little pieces of the
-boat there were left. When you put the oar on end as a signal, Silva
-ordered his warp cut and gave up his whale in order to save us, and he
-arrived just in the knick of time. You were taken aboard first, of
-course, and made as comfortable as possible; then the rest of us were
-rescued.”</p>
-<p>“What became of the whale?” I broke in.</p>
-<p>“Oh, he made off. It was then growing dark and the ship was not to be
-seen, but she’ll pick us up in the morning.”</p>
-<p>I was in considerable pain, and the wet clothes increased my discomfort.
-It was pretty difficult to do much for a sick man in a whaleboat with
-eleven men in it, but they did for me all they could, and it is
-remarkable how kind and tender, at such times, rough and unskilled men
-can be. The long, dreary night at last ended and the sun rose
-beautifully, but in my condition it made no impression upon me. Not far
-away was a curious-looking vessel which Lakeum said was a junk, and it
-seemed to be bearing down on us. I heard them say that our vessel’s
-top-hamper could just be seen. The wind was now favorable, water was
-thrown on the sail, and the men took to the oars as well. With this
-double method of propelling the boat it made pretty good time. I was
-propped up in a little space at the stern, just where I was clear of the
-oarsmen, and where I was afforded unrestricted vision.</p>
-<p>The junk seemed to be gaining on us. Then it suddenly occurred to me why
-the men were at the oars and why water was thrown on the sail. Strange
-to say this apprehended peril didn’t disturb me. The interest inspired
-largely relieved me of suffering. The stranger kept gaining on us and
-soon I could see men on her deck. Now I turned a little, although the
-effort was somewhat painful, and noticed that the <i>Seabird</i> was not so
-very far off, as her upper rigging was visible. Lakeum encouraged the
-men in a low tone, and the situation had the aspect of a race. The junk
-was a strange-looking object with its lugsails, the first I had ever
-seen, and its low prow. But while she was gaining on us we were making
-good time, and, of course, our own ship was approaching, though she was
-beating to windward. There is much mystery at sea about currents, but
-there is more mystery about wind. Sometimes three vessels may be seen,
-each sailing with a different wind. Suddenly the junk changed her
-course; the wind was no longer friendly. In less than a quarter of an
-hour we were alongside the <i>Seabird</i>, and, while I was able to walk, I
-was not fit for duty; so I was allowed to go to my bunk in the dismal
-forecastle.</p>
-<p>For three days I could not respond to duty and, while I did not receive
-the modern treatment which one receives from a trained nurse, the
-carpenter drew supplies from the medicine chest, applied lotions and
-wound bandages, if not always with a trained hand, yet with good intent,
-fortified by words of sympathy and cheer. My associates, rough seafaring
-men, were kind and moved quietly about in our little enclosure, as if to
-relieve my suffering and contribute to my comfort. Ohoo was particularly
-thoughtful, asking, in his broken English, “What me do you? Me willin’
-help all time.” And the cook, my old friend, provided from his meager
-material little dishes that were out of the usual. But constantly there
-was presented the picture of our old companion in the whale’s jaw—he of
-whom we all had thought so well, and with whom we had never had a
-difference—and my heart was filled with gratitude for my preservation
-and deliverance.</p>
-<p>It was a pleasure to get back to work and to feel that we were on our
-way to the Carolines. It was now March, 1861, and we were due at our
-destination in May. Nothing eventful occurred during the passage; a few
-whales were seen and boats were lowered, but in each case the chase was
-abandoned. We were very happy when we caught the first glimpse of land,
-for we knew that the stay was to be a pretty long one. While there was
-much work to be done in overhauling the ship and taking aboard supplies,
-we were told that there would be a good deal of liberty, as the spot we
-were to visit was remote from any settlement, and the people with whom
-we were to deal were natives.</p>
-<p>We dropped anchor in a small bay and there, right before us, was the
-ship <i>Sunrise</i> of New Bedford, stripped of boats, sails and so forth,
-and hove down upon her side, so that the keel was exposed. We soon
-learned that the ship had sprung a leak, and, as the nearest civilized
-port was many miles away, the ship had been beached and, under the
-direction of the carpenter, the necessary repairs had been made.</p>
-<p>I remember what Kreelman said, “Fancy Chest, there’s nothin’ like
-whalemen. Merchantmen couldn’t do that. Whalemen are jacks at all
-trades. A whaleship’s a little world, and there’s nothin’ that whalemen
-can’t do.” And now, after many long years of rather varied experience, I
-recall Kreelman’s words, and give them my hearty approval.</p>
-<p>The first thing to do was to get temporary supplies. So a boat was sent
-ashore with a little trade, and when it returned it brought vegetables,
-fruit, fowl and pigs enough to last us for a fortnight or more.</p>
-<p>The next day the ship was hauled in near shore and secured with chain
-cables. By orders of the captain, Lakeum began the overhauling and
-putting in order. The yards were sent down and the entire rigging was
-examined and necessary renewals were made. All the blocks were put in
-order. The masts were stayed, standing rigging was set up, yards were
-crossed, running rigging was rove, sails were bent and furled snug, and
-all the yards squared. All this took, of course, a number of days. After
-that, general shore leave was announced. The <i>Sunrise</i> was now repaired,
-and about to be hauled out to an anchorage, where she could be refitted
-with spars, rigging, sails and so forth and refurnished with casks,
-provisions, movables and the like. Here was work done in these two cases
-which would have cost the owners a great deal of money had the vessels
-put into port.</p>
-<p>All of us went ashore, and all hands of the <i>Sunrise</i> were given liberty
-at the same time. If the expression may be used, it was a case of
-gamming on shore. The captains and officers got together, and the crews
-went off by themselves. The island was one of the smallest of the group.
-The natives were hospitable and invited us into their little huts, where
-they set before us fruit, of which there was a great variety and
-abundance, and their curiously cooked food. The day was faultless and
-the whole experience most delightful. The men of the two vessels
-affiliated beautifully. There was no friction. In the late afternoon we
-all went in swimming, and a luxury it was to men whose brief opportunity
-of obtaining a bath on shipboard was afforded by a rainfall, and
-generally a very poor opportunity, too. Just before separating, all
-gathered together, and then for the first time the conversation turned
-to our respective catches. The amount of our oil compared very favorably
-with that of the <i>Sunrise</i>, but our new-made friends were inclined to be
-boastful and assertive. One of our men said very quietly:</p>
-<p>“Oil is a good thing, but, when you have something on board worth more
-than a thousand barrels of sperm, that’s a little better thing.”</p>
-<p>“You ain’t discovered no diamond mine in the ocean, have ye?” asked a
-<i>Sunrise</i> man. His companions roared.</p>
-<p>“No,” replied our spokesman; “we didn’t discover no diamond mine. We
-opened up a gold mine.”</p>
-<p>“What d’ye open it up with—a pickaxe?” Another loud laugh.</p>
-<p>“No, with a cutting spade; and the man on our ship who has the largest
-lay is goin’ to see more money than he ever see before, when his voyage
-is settled. A one-hundred-and-eightieth lay in seventy thousand dollars
-worth of ambergris ain’t to be sneezed at.”</p>
-<p>As I recall the experience of that day I now regret that any allusion
-was made to the ambergris. Its introduction into the conversation seemed
-to disturb the pleasant relations, and the leave-takings were cold and
-formal.</p>
-<p>Trade negotiations were renewed, and abundant supplies were taken on
-board. We now learned that we were to proceed to the Okhotsk Sea. Some
-bowheads remained in these waters during the summer, while many passed
-out to seek the Arctic Ocean. It was rumored that the captain had had
-such good luck the first season in the Arctic that he believed it policy
-to change to another whaling ground. There may have been a bit of
-superstition in this, but the change proved a good one. Word was passed
-round that we were going to stand well to the westward and go to the
-right of the Hawaiian Islands, and this because the captain hoped to
-sight some whaler bound home, and intrust a letter to her. Day followed
-day and only one small whale was taken. Finally a speck was seen at the
-horizon in line of the course we were taking. As we drew nearer the
-boats could be seen at the davits, so we knew she was a whaler. Both
-vessels hove to, one of our boats was lowered, and the captain went in
-her to visit the stranger. On his return I was near the gangway and
-heard him say, “The <i>Hepworth</i> of New Bedford, bound home.”</p>
-<p>“Did you tell them about the ambergris?” asked Lakeum.</p>
-<p>“No, that’s such a tender subject that I thought I’d spare them. But I
-learned something that was a great surprise. The captain said that they
-told him, not long ago, in Honolulu, that last November a man named
-Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States.”</p>
-<p>“Did you ask the captain who Lincoln was?”</p>
-<p>“Yes, but he said he didn’t know.”</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chXIII' title='XIII: WHOSE WHALE WAS IT?'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER XIII</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>WHOSE WHALE WAS IT?</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>We arrived at the Okhotsk Sea in the early summer; and one has only to
-visit that inlet to learn how extensive it is. The weather was not so
-severe as that of the Arctic, and so far as we were concerned we found
-the whaling equally good. Our captain followed the method he had adopted
-in the Arctic of dropping a boat, sailing a long distance and dropping
-another, and then taking a course between them. The bowheads seemed a
-little more active than those in the Arctic, but, if once struck, there
-was nothing to fear except their terrible flukes. There was much
-conjecture as to some probable creature who would yield more oil than
-the Gay Header’s whale, and thus be the means of bestowing the watch on
-another. One whale, the largest in the Okhotsk, yielded one hundred and
-fifty-eight barrels and the Gay Header was safe.</p>
-<p>In the whaling days there were quarrels over whales, and a few lawsuits,
-too. Strange that these differences should arise at places thousands of
-miles distant from Massachusetts, and that the cases should be tried in
-the United States Court in that State. How could there be any quarrel or
-lawsuit over a whale lying dead on the surface of the ocean? And the
-question may be answered by asking another question, “Whose whale was
-it?” That is, the question was not always who killed the whale but who
-owned the whale after it was killed.</p>
-<p>There was a usage generally observed by whalemen that when a whale was
-struck, and the harpoon, with the line attached, remained in the whale,
-but the line did not remain fast to the boat, and a boat’s crew from
-another ship continued the pursuit and captured the whale, and the
-master of the first ship claimed the whale on the spot, the whale
-belonged to the first ship. At last the matter was taken into the United
-States Court, and the judge held that the usage was a good one and that
-the whale belonged to the first ship.</p>
-<p>Two lawsuits arose over whales captured in the Okhotsk Sea. One, as
-follows: Having killed a bowhead, the first mate of the whaler anchored
-the whale in five fathoms of water and attached a waif, intending to
-return the next day. Early in the morning, boats of another New Bedford
-whaler towed the whale to their ship, where it was cut-in and boiled
-down. It turned out that the anchor didn’t hold in the night, that the
-cable coiled around the whale’s body, and that no waif irons were
-attached to it. The captain of the vessel whose boat had originally
-killed the whale visited the other ship and laid claim to the whale; for
-oil and bone worth five thousand dollars or more were not to be given up
-without something more than a protest. If the captain of the vessel
-which had the oil and the bone had yielded, the bone could easily have
-been then delivered, but to turn over great casks of oil from one vessel
-to another, in a rough sea, was not so easy. But the captain wouldn’t
-yield. The discussion between the two masters was bitter and boisterous.</p>
-<p>“I killed the whale,” said the captain of the first vessel.</p>
-<p>“Your first mate says he killed it.”</p>
-<p>“Now don’t be smart. You know when I said ‘I’, the reference was to my
-ship.”</p>
-<p>“Where’s the proof that anybody in your ship killed it?”</p>
-<p>“Proof enough. Even if the waif was gone, the whale was dead, and I can
-show that the warp coiled around the body was the warp of my ship.”</p>
-<p>The captain of the other vessel thundered back, “The whale belongs to
-this ship, and the oil and bone from him will stay on this ship until we
-get back to New Bedford, and what are you going to do about it?”</p>
-<p>“You’ll find out what we are going to do about it when we get back to
-that port.”</p>
-<p>And the visiting captain went to his boat. They did find out, for when
-they returned, the United States Court held that the ship whose first
-mate killed the whale was entitled to the value of the oil and bone.</p>
-<p>The subject of the second lawsuit was a bowhead in which we were
-interested, and a big one, too. Both our vessel and another one laid
-claim to it. When, on a very fair day for that part of the world,
-bowheads were sighted, all our boats were lowered. As a rule the captain
-of a whaler did not go in a boat, but remained on the ship with the
-cooper, steward, cook, spare hands and so forth. But now and then the
-captain would take a hand in whaling.</p>
-<p>Twice before, during the voyage, Captain Gamans had commanded a boat,
-and each time had been unsuccessful. There was a little fun among the
-men over the captain’s failure—of course, with themselves—and I happened
-to hear a remark one day from Silva which made me believe that the
-officers had a little fun also, among themselves, at the captain’s
-expense. I have the impression that the captain wanted to make good, for
-on this day he decided to go in the boat.</p>
-<p>There were several bowheads in sight, and rather far off. Our men pulled
-away lustily, but when we were pretty near a big fellow, shy and sly,
-like all of his kind, down he went, and when he came up the signal from
-the ship showed him so far away that we gave up the chase. Two other
-boats were in pursuit of whales, and they, too, were unsuccessful, while
-the fourth boat made fast to a bowhead. Then there was a commotion in
-the boat, the men moving around quickly as if something had happened.
-Lakeum said, “It’s the captain’s boat. I hope he hasn’t had any more bad
-luck. It looks to me as if they have cut the line. I hope nobody’s hurt.
-We’ll make for her.” And so we did, while the two unsuccessful boats put
-back to the ship.</p>
-<p>When we came up, the captain told us that they had hardly struck when
-there was a kink in the line, and they immediately cut the warp. “But,”
-he exclaimed, “there are two irons in him, and there is nothing to do
-but chase him up. The whale didn’t sound for a long period and the
-direction he took was to wind’rd.” There was no stepping the mast and
-setting the sail, so the men in the two boats tugged away at the oars.</p>
-<p>We pursuers were soon outdistanced. Our own ship had not been able to
-work to windward, and so had to beat her way in the direction we were
-taking. As Lakeum pushed on my oar, he said, “These bowheads are so shy
-and cunning you are only sure of them when they are cut-in and stowed
-down. It may be that fellow will hold up till we reach him, but I should
-feel more satisfied if it was a sperm.”</p>
-<p>We had been pulling for an hour or more, and we were tired and, I think,
-pretty cross, when Lakeum said, “There’s a boat clear ahead, and, as far
-as I can see, it’s fast to a whale.” This was encouraging, if the whale
-were the one the captain’s boat had lost. But what chance was there? I
-think if it had been put to vote, our men would have voted that the
-chase was a foolish one. But it wasn’t a foolish one. Even sailors are
-often mistaken as to things which happen on the sea. Our boat was just a
-little ahead of the captain’s and when we arrived the whale was in the
-last flurry and soon rolled over. Captain Gamans was an assertive man,
-and was never much troubled with modesty.</p>
-<p>“That whale belongs to me,” he shouted.</p>
-<p>It had seemed to me that the captain took some risk in his assertion,
-but nothing ventured, nothing gained.</p>
-<p>“Guess again,” said the mate of the other boat.</p>
-<p>“You’ll find two fresh harpoons in him, with the cypher of my ship on
-them,” insisted Gamans.</p>
-<p>The mate of the boat merely ignored our captain and gave orders to
-attach the tow-line. The men obeyed as if they were unaware that there
-were claimants of the whale in the neighborhood.</p>
-<p>Captain Gamans was exasperated and shouted, “My ship’s harpoons are in
-that whale, and I claim the whole carcass, bone and all.”</p>
-<p>“Keep on claiming,” replied the mate.</p>
-<p>“I can see the line attached to the harpoon, and I’m going to keep on
-claiming my ship’s property, and I’m going to have it, too.”</p>
-<p>“How are you going to get it?” inquired the mate, who now looked
-defiance, and kept changing the lance from one hand to the other, as if
-he was about to use it for some other purpose than on the bowhead’s
-body.</p>
-<p>“I’m going to cut out them harpoons and examine them myself.”</p>
-<p>“No, you’re not.”</p>
-<p>“We’ll see about it. You know what the usage is—you see our vessel there
-working up from the leeward. What does that mean? Here are our two boats
-in the open sea. What does that mean? Here’s a whale with fresh harpoons
-in him. What does that mean? And the whale killed by the boat of another
-vessel, for there’s your vessel to the windward bearing down on us. What
-does that mean?”</p>
-<p>“What are you, a lawyer? You talk as if you was making an argument to a
-jury, but there’s only six men in the boat and that’s only half a jury.”</p>
-<p>This produced a laugh, and our captain was now furious.</p>
-<p>“Did you hear what I said?” he shrieked.</p>
-<p>“No, I didn’t. I was calculatin’ how much this old fellow would stow
-down and how much bone he would yield. Then I was figurin’ how much the
-whole thing would bring in money. Then I was makin’ out what we men in
-this boat would get on our lays. When a man’s usin’ his mind on heavy
-matters, he ain’t got no time to attend to little things.”</p>
-<p>Our boat was between the captain’s and that of the stranger. Captain
-Gamans called out, “Lakeum, back water and give me a chance.”</p>
-<p>I saw that Lakeum did not want to comply, but the command was from his
-superior, and he was bound to obey. Lakeum gave the order in a slow
-tone, and we oarsmen responded with more alacrity, for we wanted to see
-what the outcome would be. As the captain’s boat advanced, he exclaimed:</p>
-<p>“Now I’m going to show you the harpoons of my ship in that whale.”</p>
-<p>“No, you ain’t.”</p>
-<p>“There they are,” declared the captain, “and the short warps attached to
-them.”</p>
-<p>“You can’t prove it,” roared the stranger.</p>
-<p>“We’ll see if I can’t,” retorted the captain.</p>
-<p>The bow of our boat touched the stranger’s on the port side, near the
-stern. Each man brandished his lance, and it looked like a battle, which
-might result perhaps in a tragedy, when a voice rang out:</p>
-<p>“Jessup, put up your lance. I’ll handle this matter.”</p>
-<p>In our excitement we were not aware that a boat had been approaching,
-and now, as we heard the sharp command and turned to look at the craft,
-we rightly inferred that it belonged to the vessel bearing down on us
-from the windward.</p>
-<p>Our captain fixed his gaze on the stranger; the expression of anger left
-his face; his lips just parted; his eyes sparkled. Then he muttered, “I
-can hardly believe it.” But he did seem to believe it, for he called
-out, “Is that you, Gates? I thought you was in New Bedford.”</p>
-<p>“Well, Gamans, I knew you wasn’t there, but I didn’t expect to see you
-here. I thought you was in the Arctic this season.”</p>
-<p>“I was last year, but where did you come from, Gates?”</p>
-<p>“I’m master of the <i>Oriole</i>, the old ship you and I were boat-steerers
-in some years ago. And there she is, bearing down on us. But what’s this
-row about?”</p>
-<p>“Your mate is laying claim to my whale. We struck him a while ago and
-the lines parted. Then we followed him up with all speed and when we got
-here we found that your mate’s boat had put irons in him, and the whale
-didn’t turn over until after we arrived.”</p>
-<p>“Can you show your irons in him?”</p>
-<p>“I can, if I have a chance.”</p>
-<p>There was a laugh all around, and the mate of the <i>Oriole</i> seemed to
-assent to the merriment, for a faint smile lighted his countenance.</p>
-<p>“I’ll give you the chance,” Gates responded.</p>
-<p>The two captains examined the leviathan, and, sure enough, there were
-two fresh irons in the whale with a short piece of warp attached to
-each. We laid on our oars, awaiting the result. Captain Gamans examined
-the harpoons carefully and then, turning to Captain Gates, said,
-“There’s our cypher stamped in each of them.”</p>
-<p>Captain Gamans maintained that the case came within the usage
-acknowledged and followed by whalemen. Captain Gates replied, “I don’t
-know but it does, Gamans, but I can’t give up that whale for old
-friendship’s sake. I have my owners to look out for as well as officers
-and crew. It seems as if our men did some of the killing. Be that as it
-may, I’ll tell you what I’ll do. You take the whale and then we’ll gam
-this evening and draw up some kind of an agreement which shall state all
-the facts to satisfy our owners, and which may be evidence in court, if
-the case can’t be settled in any other way. I want to see your ship, for
-I’ve never been in her before. But you know the <i>Oriole</i> of old, so I’m
-going to invite myself aboard of your vessel.”</p>
-<p>“Good,” said Captain Gamans. Then he continued earnestly, “What’s the
-news from home?”</p>
-<p>“The chief news is the war.”</p>
-<p>“What war?”</p>
-<p>“The Civil War.”</p>
-<p>“I didn’t know that war could be civil. I thought it was pretty
-uncivil.”</p>
-<p>“Don’t you know there’s war between the North and the South?”</p>
-<p>“What do you mean?”</p>
-<p>“Why, the southern States have left the country—that is, they haven’t
-cleared out, but have left the government and set up one of their own.
-Each side has armies, and there’s fighting going on.”</p>
-<p>“I declare,” said Captain Gamans. “This is the first time we’ve heard of
-it. We learned that a man named Lincoln was elected President, but the
-war’s a surprise.”</p>
-<p>We were all excited, and as we pulled for our ship there was general
-regret that we knew so little of the great conflict, and that it would
-be many months before we should know more.</p>
-<p>The vessels kept near each other that night—what night there was. At
-about six bells Captain Gates came aboard, and some of us were
-anticipating a nice gam with the men who brought him in the boat, when
-Lakeum came to me and said, “The captain wants you in the cabin.”</p>
-<p>What did it mean? I had no right in that part of the ship unless
-summoned; and, indeed, I had not been in the cabin since the voyage
-began. Was I supposed to be guilty of some offense, and was I to appear
-before the captain as a criminal appears before a judge?</p>
-<p>I entered with mingled fear and anticipation, and received from Captain
-Gamans the curt statement, “I sent for you because you’re a good penman,
-as I’ve seen from your handwriting in the logbook. And you’ve had a
-better education than most of us, even if you are a boy. We shall want
-you in a few minutes. Sit down there until we are ready, and keep
-quiet.”</p>
-<p>I complied, but my heart was with the visitors on deck, and I listened
-listlessly to the rambling conversation of the captains. The only
-subject of any interest to me was the reference to their going in the
-boats, and this ended the colloquy.</p>
-<p>“How many times have you been in the boat, Gates?” asked our captain.</p>
-<p>“Three times.”</p>
-<p>“What luck?”</p>
-<p>“None, twice—third time, uncertain. And you, Gamans?”</p>
-<p>“Three times.”</p>
-<p>“What luck?”</p>
-<p>“None, twice—third time, uncertain.”</p>
-<p>Both men saw the joke and laughed heartily.</p>
-<p>Captain Gamans fumbled about and brought out some letter paper, a small
-bottle of ink, which had not been opened, and an aged penholder to which
-was attached a rusty pen. I dug out the cork of the bottle with a knife,
-and then the two captains began their dictation. There was little
-difference in their view of the situation and in their respective claims
-to the whale. The trouble seemed to be their inability to express
-themselves in proper English, and I was quite proud when they relied on
-me, occasionally, to supply a word and straighten out their sentences,
-although, by their manner, they seemed to regard me, all the time, as an
-inferior. To shorten the story, the agreement, in its final form was as
-follows:</p>
-<div style='margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-right:2em; margin-left:2em'>
-<p>It is agreed by the captains of the <i>Oriole</i> and <i>Seabird</i> as follows:
-The captain’s boat of the <i>Seabird</i> struck a bowhead in the Okhotsk sea.
-The harpoons held, but the lines parted, and the bowhead made off. Two
-<i>Seabird’s</i> boats followed the whale in the direction he took. It was a
-long pull, for the whale was out of sight. At last the two boats came up
-to where a boat of the <i>Oriole</i> had struck and was killing a bowhead.
-The mate of the <i>Oriole</i> used the lance and the bowhead rolled over
-after the Seabird’s boats had arrived on the spot. The captain of the
-Seabird claimed the whale as belonging to his ship, and the mate of the
-<i>Oriole</i> denied the claim. While a discussion was going on, the captain
-of the <i>Oriole</i> came up in his boat and interfered, and it was agreed
-between the captains that they should examine the whale to see if there
-were fresh harpoons in him. Pretty soon they found two with a small end
-of line attached in each case. On washing the irons, they found in them
-the cypher which showed that the irons belonged to the <i>Seabird</i>. Both
-captains lay claim to the whale. They have drawn up this agreement for
-the benefit of their owners, and, if their owners cannot agree as to who
-owns the whale, then this statement may be used in court as a true
-statement of the facts, if the court agrees to its being used. Both of
-us have signed our names hereto.</p>
-</div>
-<p>When I had made a good copy of the above stipulation, that is, as good a
-copy as I could make with the worthless pen, I passed the paper over to
-my superiors for them to sign.</p>
-<p>“You sign first, Gates.”</p>
-<p>“No, you sign first, Gamans.”</p>
-<p>“I’ve got a little rheumatism in my hand, Gates.”</p>
-<p>“I’ve got a kink in my forefinger, Gamans.”</p>
-<p>I wanted to say, “What is the use of making all this fuss? Neither of
-you can hardly more than sign his name, but that’s no disgrace. Some of
-the ablest captains have little education and, if they had been
-educated, they probably never would have risen to be captains. And here
-you two men are acting like old women who, when they sign their names,
-give all manner of excuses because their handwriting is so poor.”</p>
-<p>“Give me the pen, then,” said our captain.</p>
-<p>It took a mighty effort for him to write his name. He twisted his body
-and cramped his fingers, and, when the task was over, handed me the pen
-with a gesture of impatience.</p>
-<p>I said, in a very respectful tone, “Don’t you think you had better write
-underneath the words, ‘Captain of the <i>Seabird?</i>’”</p>
-<p>“Look here, young fellow, do you suppose I am going to write a book?” he
-replied, sharply.</p>
-<p>“The boy’s right, Gamans.”</p>
-<p>“I think it will do no harm if I do it for you, as you have written your
-name in full,” I suggested.</p>
-<p>“Go ahead, then.”</p>
-<p>Then Captain Gates repeated our captain’s performance, and the
-last-named deliberately folded up the paper and put it in his pocket.
-“Where do I come in, Gamans? How can you keep that paper when I ain’t
-got none?”</p>
-<p>“I’ll keep it for you; I’m honest.”</p>
-<p>The two men had been very friendly that evening, and a bottle and two
-empty glasses in sight justified at least the inference of conviviality.
-It looked for the first time like a clash, when I modestly intimated
-that a copy might be made and executed like the original. Consent was
-given, and the copy was made and signed with the same fuss which
-attended the execution of the original.</p>
-<p>Serenity restored, Captain Gates said, “I’ll tell you where I’ve got
-you, Gamans. It’s in the long distance you rowed from the time you
-struck the whale and lost him until you reached our boat.”</p>
-<p>“And I’ll tell you where I’ve got you, Gates. When our boats got up to
-the whale, your mate hadn’t used the lance, and the whale hadn’t yet
-rolled over.”</p>
-<p>A glance from Captain Gamans told me that I was dismissed. I was glad to
-get forward where the visiting crew were. They were giving our men the
-news from home.</p>
-<p>When one of them caught sight of me, he blurted out, “Hullo, Tom
-Haggass, the last time I saw you, you were raidin’ my father’s orchard.”</p>
-<p>“Well,” I rejoined, “the last time I saw you was three years ago, when
-you cut a caper and were threatened with the State Reform School.
-Besides, I’m not Tom Haggass. My name is Homer Bleechly.”</p>
-<p>A roar greeted the rejoinder. The captains appeared. As the boat pulled
-away we gave them a hearty parting. A quarrel had been averted and a
-good time enjoyed.</p>
-<p>Now as to the whale. The usage was on our side and, when we reached
-home, we learned that it had been affirmed by the court in a case whose
-facts were almost identical with ours. The oil and bone of that bowhead
-brought forty-five hundred dollars.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chXIV' title='XIV: PITCAIRN ISLAND'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER XIV</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>PITCAIRN ISLAND</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>We left the Okhotsk in September, with twelve hundred and fifty barrels
-of whale oil and thirteen thousand pounds of bone, besides the sperm we
-had taken. When it was learned that we were bound home and, presumably,
-were not to call anywhere, there was discontent and grumbling among the
-men. The captain was condemned for two reasons. We needed a supply of
-vegetables and meat, and the men were now so weary of the sea that they
-wanted shore leave once more. Fancy, then, our satisfaction when word
-was passed round that the captain proposed to call at Pitcairn Island
-and remain there for several days. This meant that we would take on
-board fruit, vegetables, goats, fowl and so forth. When I was a little
-boy, my father told me all about the mutineers of the <i>Bounty</i>, and
-their residence on Pitcairn Island for nearly twenty years without the
-world knowing anything about them or they knowing anything about the
-world. Later I read the story of Fletcher Christian and his companions,
-and, in my last year in High School, and not long before shipping on the
-<i>Seabird</i>, I wrote a composition on the subject, which I now offer as a
-schoolboy’s narrative:</p>
-<p>In the latter part of the eighteenth century, a vessel, named the
-<i>Bounty</i>, was sent out from England to Tahiti to obtain young breadfruit
-plants and carry them to the West Indies. It was thought that their
-cultivation would produce an excellent article of food for the negroes
-on the plantations. Of this vessel William Bligh was captain and
-Fletcher Christian was mate. The voyage was not a pleasant one, and
-there was great discontent because of the poor food and the cruelty of
-the captain. The vessel arrived at Tahiti in October, 1788, and remained
-there several months, while officers and crew were engaged in gathering
-breadfruit plants and stowing them away on the vessel. On April 4, the
-vessel set sail. There was no abatement of Bligh’s tyranny, his
-treatment of Christian being particularly harsh and abusive. The
-accusations of falsehood and theft, and the recollection of the
-indignities he had been compelled to bear with patience and forbearance
-during the voyage forced Christian to mutiny, as he knew that it would
-be fruitless, as a junior officer, to bring his superior to a court
-martial. Bligh and eighteen others were put in a boat and cut adrift. A
-landing was effected by them at an island about thirty miles distant,
-where one of their number was killed by the natives. Thence they set out
-on the open sea and, after a voyage of over thirty-six hundred miles,
-and encountering all kinds of weather, and enduring great sufferings
-from hunger and thirst, they reached a Dutch settlement on the island of
-Timor. They eventually reached England.</p>
-<p>Christian, having become captain of the <i>Bounty</i>, took the vessel to the
-small island of Toubouai and then to Tahiti. There all the mutineers
-preferred to remain except Christian, Alexander Smith and seven others.
-These last took wives at Tahiti and six men as servants, and embarked
-and set sail. When Bligh and his associates reached England, much
-interest was manifested in his adventure, and the British Government
-took steps to apprehend the members of the <i>Bounty’s</i> crew who had
-remained at Tahiti. A number of them were brought back to England and
-tried, and three of them were found guilty, and executed.</p>
-<p>We now return to the <i>Bounty</i>. Fletcher Christian belonged to an English
-family of repute and prominence. A brother was a learned man and a
-college professor.</p>
-<p>The design of Fletcher was to seek some island where he and his
-companions would be safe from discovery. Captain Cartaret, in 1767,
-discovered a solitary island in the Pacific Ocean between Australia and
-South America and named it Pitcairn after a midshipman who was the first
-to observe it. A copy of Captain Cartaret’s “Voyage to the South Seas”
-was among the books left on board the <i>Bounty</i>, and its description of
-this lovely island, it is thought, determined Christian to seek it as a
-probably safe retreat for himself and companions. Because of the want of
-correctness in the latitude and longitude, laid down by Cartaret in the
-charts, the cruise lasted several weeks. At last they sighted what was
-apparently a rock, rising high in the ocean. It was a welcome sight,
-although there was nothing to indicate that there was a beautiful
-interior with fertile valleys and mountain sides clothed with palms. The
-<i>Bounty</i> was beached at a bend in the shore, which has ever since borne
-the name of “Bounty Bay.”</p>
-<p>On landing, Christian divided the island into nine portions, one for
-himself and the remainder for his companions. Then everything was
-removed from the vessel—planks from her sides, nails, bolts, masts,
-spars, sails, and her cargo of provisions, tools, guns, ammunition,
-implements, goats, pigs and hens. Then they set fire to the hull and it
-was completely burned up.</p>
-<p>Christian now became a changed man. He stocked a cave with water and
-provisions and would spend whole days there, evidently intending to make
-it his retreat in the event of pursuit and discovery, and, no doubt,
-indulging in bitter reflections. For three years all went well, and then
-trouble began when the whites endeavored to impose upon their native
-servants. A plot to kill all the white men was discovered by their
-wives, and thwarted. This plot was followed by another, which partially
-succeeded. Christian was shot dead, while cultivating his garden, and
-four of the other Englishmen were also despatched. The survivors,
-feeling that they were not secure from attacks, determined to destroy
-all the Tahitian men, and this purpose was carried into effect.</p>
-<p>If quiet and contentment followed these barbarities they were of short
-duration, for tragedies were in store. One of the four, named McCoy,
-made an ardent spirit from a root, and he and one Quintail were
-constantly intoxicated. McCoy threw himself from some rocks, and was
-killed, and Quintail became so threatening and dangerous that Young and
-Smith, the last of the nine, destroyed him to preserve their own lives.
-This was the last scene in the dreadful drama.</p>
-<p>Edward Young and Alexander Smith now experienced a complete change of
-life. Resort was made to a Bible and prayer-book, which Christian had
-brought with him, and which he himself had studied. Daily, morning and
-evening prayer was established, as well as a system of religious
-instruction. Young did not long survive, and in 1800 Alexander Smith was
-the sole surviving man on the island. In the meantime children had been
-born, and the responsibility and the direction of the affairs of the
-little colony rested on Smith.</p>
-<p>Nearly twenty years passed without the world knowing what had become of
-the <i>Bounty</i>, when information came in a curious and interesting way. In
-September, 1808, the attention of Mayhew Folger, captain of the American
-ship <i>Topaz</i>, was called to a rocky island rising abruptly from the sea.
-Smoke was seen, and there were other signs of habitation. A tremendous
-surf was beating on the shore, and the captain was doubtful about a
-landing place, when a canoe was seen approaching. The occupants hailed
-the new arrivals in good English, and cordially invited them to land.
-The captain declined, but a sailor volunteered to go in the canoe,
-provided the ship stood in near to the land, so that he might swim back,
-if an attack was attempted. On landing, the sailor was accosted by
-Smith, who told him the whole tragic story of the <i>Bounty</i>, and informed
-him that the birth of children had brought the population to thirty-five
-persons, and that he was the sole guardian and instructor. This
-intelligence was communicated to the captain, and he landed forthwith.
-Smith was anxious, after the long exile, to learn the world’s news. So
-the captain gave him an account of it, laying emphasis on the fact that
-a little man named Napoleon Bonaparte had come to the front, in France,
-had usurped the throne and had overrun Europe with his armies, but that
-England had won great victories on the sea—an announcement which was
-greeted by Smith with the exclamation, “Old England forever!”</p>
-<p>When Captain Folger gave his story to the world, the interest taken in
-it soon subsided, and six years elapsed before the island was again
-visited. In 1814 two British frigates—the <i>Briton</i> and the
-<i>Tagus</i>—appeared, but this was accidental, as the island was not laid
-down on their charts. A canoe came out to the <i>Briton</i> and there was a
-request from one of the two occupants, “Won’t you heave us a rope now?”
-When asked, “Who are you?” he replied, “I am Thursday October Christian,
-son of Fletcher Christian, the mutineer, by a Tahitian mother, and the
-first-born on the island.” His companion was Edward Young, son of the
-midshipman of that name in the <i>Bounty</i>. Thursday October Christian was
-so named for the day and month of his birth. Every one was impressed by
-the courteous deportment of the young men, and they were shown over the
-ship. They were absorbed in everything, astonished when they saw a cow,
-which they took to be a large goat, and greatly interested in a little,
-black terrier. Edward Young observed, “I know that is a dog. I have
-heard of such things.” Refreshments were offered them in the cabin.
-Before partaking, and at the conclusion of the repast, they sought the
-divine blessing.</p>
-<p>When the captains went ashore, they were received by Smith, who had
-changed his name to John Adams since the visit of Captain Folger, to
-avoid recognition. He was hardly more than fifty and was hearty and
-robust in appearance, but his countenance was that of one aged and worn.
-He disclosed to his visitors the terrible events which had occurred, but
-he stoutly maintained that he took no part in the mutiny, and he
-expressed his disapproval of Captain Bligh’s treatment of both officers
-and men. When asked if he would like to return to England, he replied in
-the affirmative and expressed his love for the land of his birth; but
-his family and friends would not allow of his leaving the island.</p>
-<p>The officers were not only impressed with the moral aspect of the
-community, but were greatly interested in the natural beauty of the
-island. Its mountains rose to a height of more than a thousand feet
-above the sea, and about their summits circled countless sea-birds. The
-slopes down to the water’s edge were covered with groves of palm and
-coconut and breadfruit trees. In the valleys tropical fruits were
-produced in abundance, and the visitors were particularly interested in
-the Taroroot, from which bread was made. The only songster was a small
-species of flycatcher, but, later, warblers from Valparaiso were
-introduced.</p>
-<p>On an elevated platform stood the little village of Pitcairn. The houses
-surrounded a grassy square, protected by palisades to preserve it from
-the depredations of goats, hogs, and poultry which roamed about the
-island. The houses were built of boards, the sides and ends planed and
-made to ship and unship on account of the warm weather. The interior of
-the houses bespoke comfort and cleanliness, and the beds and bedding
-were very neat. Each dwelling had a pen for hogs, another for fowl and a
-building for manufacturing cloth. The linen was made of the bark of the
-paper mulberry tree, steeped in water, and then beaten out to the proper
-thickness by pieces of wood. Varieties of cloth were also made from the
-breadfruit tree and a kind of fig.</p>
-<p>The visitors were assured that each person considered his possession as
-held for the general good, so disputes were easily settled; and, if
-hasty words were uttered, the offender was ever willing to make amends.
-Adams deeply impressed the captains of the frigates. They made a
-favorable report to the Admiralty, but little interest was taken, and
-Pitcairn was neglected.</p>
-<p>At length, John Buffett, one of the crew of a whale ship which touched
-there, was so pleased with the place that he manifested a desire to
-remain, and he was released from the ship. Not long after another
-sailor, John Evans, joined the community. Both men married Pitcairn
-girls. In 1825 the <i>Blossom</i>, Captain Beechy, a British man-of-war,
-appeared off the island. During his stay of three weeks, Captain Beechy
-gave close attention to conditions, customs and proceedings. Sunday was
-strictly observed, and there were five services in the day. Meals were
-prepared the day before, so that there might be little work on the
-Sabbath. The fare consisted of pork or fowl, which, according to the
-Tahitian method, was baked between stones. There were vegetables, bread
-or pudding made of the taroroot, and breadfruit. At this time there was
-enough water for all wants, the supply coming from tanks cut in the
-rocks. There was only a small natural stream. Captain Beechy touched
-upon the mutiny. Adams talked freely, but affirmed that he had taken no
-part in it.</p>
-<p>In 1828 a third seafaring man came to the island and became, like Evans
-and Buffett, a permanent settler. His name was George Hunn Nobbs. On
-March 29, 1829, John Adams, the beloved pastor and teacher, passed away,
-and Nobbs succeeded him.</p>
-<p>On his return, Captain Beechy memorialized the Admiralty, stating that
-as the population increased there would be a scarcity of both water and
-food.</p>
-<p>In 1830 there were eighty-seven persons in the colony, which was visited
-by a long drought; and fears of a famine were entertained. On the
-Government’s proposal, they all removed to Tahiti, where Thursday
-October Christian died. The lax morals of the inhabitants were
-distasteful to the Pitcairners, and the Buffett family and a few others
-returned to the island only to find their plantations ruined by the
-animals which had run wild in their absence. Soon after an American brig
-brought back the remaining families, and all set to work to restore
-their ravaged houses and gardens.</p>
-<p>Now all seemed favorable again, but a bitter experience was awaiting
-them. Soon appeared a man named Joshua Hill, who announced that he had
-been sent out by the Government to assume direction of the affairs of
-the island. He assumed absolute authority and proved himself as great a
-tyrant as he was imposter. Nobbs, Buffett and Evans were compelled to
-leave the island. Fortunately in 1838 Hill was taken away to Valparaiso,
-and the exiled men returned.</p>
-<p>The island now was more frequently visited by ships, and Pitcairn became
-better known to the world. In 1848 the surgeon of a vessel named the
-<i>Colypso</i> was conducted to the east end of the island and, reaching a
-place, the approach to which was extremely dangerous, he made drawings
-of figures on the face of the rocks which represented the sun, moon,
-birds and even human beings. On his return the people showed him ancient
-spear and arrowheads.</p>
-<p>Captain James Wood of the <i>Pandora</i>, which arrived in July, 1849, gave,
-in a letter, an interesting account of the settlement and people. He
-described the young folks as good looking, having fine teeth, pleasant
-faces and fine figures, generally clad in a long white jacket with a
-dark-colored wrapper fastened around the waist and hanging down to the
-ankles, wearing neither shoes nor stockings, and having large and broad
-feet. He also said that their hair was long, kept clean by the aid of
-coconut oil, and so turned up behind as not to need a comb.</p>
-<p>As the population increased, it was regarded as desirable for the whole
-colony to be transported to Norfolk Island. This conclusion was reached
-with profound regret. The total number thus conveyed was one hundred and
-ninety-four. Elaborate preparations were made for them, and their
-reception was a kind one.</p>
-<p>After writing my composition it appeared that, in 1858, two families by
-the name of Young returned to Pitcairn and other families soon followed.
-In October, 1860, the inhabitants numbered seventeen.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chXV' title='XV: THE VISIT TO PITCAIRN'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER XV</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>THE VISIT TO PITCAIRN</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>While our voyage had been a successful one, our outfits were not all
-exhausted; we had material enough for the capture of a few more sperm
-whales provided we could see them. The captain, however, was anxious to
-reach home, and orders were no longer given to shorten sail at night. So
-the old <i>Seabird</i> made pretty good time for a vessel of her type. There
-was not a member of the crew who had not heard of Pitcairn, and one had
-visited the spot, and he was loud in his praises of it and the people.
-This was before the departure to Norfolk in the early fifties of the
-last century. He told us of the kindness of the Pitcairners, of the
-noble bearing of the men and of the beauty and kindness of the women.</p>
-<p>“I took a great fancy to two of them—John and Ruth Quintail,” he said.
-“They were grandchildren of one of the mutineers. John was twenty and
-Ruth eighteen. They did everything they could do for a common sailor
-like me. They were both pretty religious like most of the people, but
-they were full of fun. They could swim like ducks, and while I was there
-Ruth swam round the island. She used to wear an orange blossom in her
-beautiful hair. Our American girls are called fair, but she was the
-fairest girl I have ever seen. I suppose Ruth and John are at Norfolk
-Island now and will never go back to Pitcairn.”</p>
-<p>Our interest constantly deepened, and I think that even the staidest old
-tars were as expectant as if they had been boys. There are no coral
-reefs around Pitcairn; it is of volcanic origin and is sometimes likened
-to a rock rising out of the ocean. It is only two and a half miles in
-length, and a mile in width. It was about midday when we caught sight of
-it. While the ocean seemed rather calm, yet as we drew near I noticed
-what I had already read, that the waves dashed fiercely against it.
-There was only one place suitable for landing, and even then a boat had
-to be skilfully managed in order to avoid disaster. When not far from
-shore the ship was hove to, and then a white flag was displayed which
-told that they saw us and that we were welcome. Soon a boat put out and,
-as it came alongside, I noticed that it was a dugout. One of the two
-occupants was particularly interesting to me. As he moved about the deck
-he caught sight of me and, approaching, said:</p>
-<p>“You and I must be of about the same age. I am sixteen and my name is
-James Russell.”</p>
-<p>He was so pleasant and unassuming that I could not help saying to myself
-that he would never make a sailor. Our visitors extended to the captain
-a cordial invitation to visit the island and assured him of a warm
-welcome. Of course this was intended to include officers and crew. The
-captain made fitting acknowledgment, rather unusual for one generally so
-abrupt, and replied that on the morrow there would be shore leave for
-all except the few required to manage the ship.</p>
-<p>We were like schoolboys that night, anxious and expectant. In the dawn
-the island seemed one high peak covered with green creeping plants and
-trumpet vines. As we approached in the boats a man standing on an
-elevation showed us where to land. The surf was beating fiercely on rock
-and beach, but we glided ashore without any casualty. Nearly all of the
-eighteen then inhabiting the island were there to receive us. Russell
-sought me out and brought me to a young woman to whom I was presented in
-a very pleasant way. Her name was Sarah McCoy.</p>
-<p>The ascent was slow as the path leading to the upland was very steep. On
-arriving at the top, we were told that the large open space was the
-market-place where trading was carried on with the whalemen who
-occasionally called at the island. Thence we passed by a pretty path
-winding through tropic trees to what was called the town. Many of the
-buildings showed signs of neglect, the result of the abandonment of the
-island only a few years before. Our guests had restored some of the
-buildings, and to our surprise the interior of the houses and their
-furnishings were about the same as those of our own homes in America.</p>
-<p>Now let me describe Sarah McCoy. She was eighteen years of age and while
-she was of dark complexion and had raven black hair, which was prettily
-decorated with an orange blossom, yet in form and feature, in
-conversation and deportment, there was much of the Anglo-Saxon. Her
-attire was of tappa cloth, although I was told that all the islanders
-had European clothing. Her teeth were beautiful. The features were
-regular and the combination was pleasing. We were told that we were to
-be parcelled out among the people for dinner, and it was arranged that I
-was to be one of six who were to enjoy the cooking of Sarah McCoy.</p>
-<p>The young girl said, with a laugh, “We are the most civilized people in
-the world, in one respect, and that is cooking. We have no stoves, yet
-we cook food in a very short time, and we think very much better than
-food cooked in stoves. The dinner is all prepared and there is only one
-thing to do to make it ready for the table. Come, James Russell and I
-will show you over the island.”</p>
-<p>The girl was so artless, innocent and winning that I was quite carried
-away with her. She was full of fun, and at times almost boisterous with
-laughter, but modest and natural withal. Everywhere we went we saw
-goats, pigs and fowl running wild, and I knew that this meant a
-bountiful supply for our ship. I wish I could fittingly describe the
-scenery. From countless fragrant herbs and lime and orange trees
-delicious odors filled the air. The coconut trees were supplied with
-tall plumes which waved gently above our heads, and I should have
-thought that I was in some land of enchantment, far away from the world,
-had it not been for the sound of the breakers beating against the shore.</p>
-<p>My companions led me to a rocky elevation overlooking the sea.</p>
-<p>“How beautiful!” I exclaimed.</p>
-<p>“Yes, beautiful to you,” said young Russell, “but we see it all the
-time. We study and read about England and America and long to see the
-beautiful things there, isn’t that so, Sarah?”</p>
-<p>“Yes, indeed,” replied the young girl. “How much I would like to see
-England, for in reality we are all English here.” The young girl paused
-and soon continued, “They tell me that the American girls are bright and
-beautiful. Is it not so?”</p>
-<p>What could a great boy like myself say to a question like that? I think
-she meant to relieve me of my embarrassment, for she said cheerily,</p>
-<p>“Tell me about the American girls—how they look and what they do?”</p>
-<p>In my simple boyish way I tried to comply, but not very successfully;
-and I think she helped me out some by asking a second question before I
-could answer the first. Suddenly she broke out, “There are two things
-that girls do the world over—they sing and dance. I would like to hear
-your girls sing and see them dance. I suppose we all sing alike but we
-dance differently. We have a simple dance which came to us from our
-Tahitian grandmothers. Yours is different; you glide around in kind of
-circles, I think; but that would be impossible for me.”</p>
-<p>I think that, if the girl had thought a moment, she would not have made
-this allusion to her large bare feet which had never known shoes. There
-was a troubled look to her eyes. Then there came a ringing laugh.</p>
-<p>“But we girls can put our feet to a noble use. Swimming is as easy to us
-as it is to the water fowl. We take to it from infancy. Only yesterday I
-swam round the island.”</p>
-<p>“Swam round the island!” I exclaimed.</p>
-<p>“Yes, that is nothing,” she said. “It is only about five miles.”</p>
-<p>And now Young Russell plied me with all kinds of questions about
-American boys—how they looked and what they did—and about American
-cities and what they looked like. I endeavored to answer as well as I
-could. When it came to cities, I told him I never had been in but
-one—the little city I came from.</p>
-<p>And so we strolled back to the point of departure, chatting away like
-old friends meeting after a long separation. It was with deep interest
-that I watched the preparation of the food that was to constitute our
-repast. Sarah’s mother was there—not so dark as her daughter, but comely
-and pleasant.</p>
-<p>“Come,” said the young girl, “and see how your dinner is prepared and
-cooked.”</p>
-<p>Just outside the house was a hole in the ground which was used as an
-oven. Sarah covered the bottom of it with fresh plaintain leaves. From a
-fire near by heated stones were pitched into the hole and covered with
-another layer of leaves. Then yams, breadfruit and sweet potatoes, four
-large fowl wrapped in tappa cloth, and three great cakes, made of yams
-and plaintains beaten up and similarly covered, were laid in. Over them
-all were placed more leaves and heated stones, and over the stones
-another great layer of leaves. Above all, to keep in the heat, was laid
-a piece of old canvas. Pointing at it, Sarah said with a laugh:</p>
-<p>“That came from a ship which stopped here, and it is the only thing you
-see to remind you of civilization. Now in civilized countries,” she
-continued, “it takes a long time to cook things. In twenty minutes to
-half an hour, gentlemen, your dinner will be ready. The steam does it.”</p>
-<p>I never before had taken Kreelman for a wit, but this time he was equal
-to the occasion.</p>
-<p>“The steam does it, miss, just as you say. And there’s a place in
-America where they ain’t civilized because they cook with steam, too.”</p>
-<p>I think we were all as surprised as we were interested.</p>
-<p>“Where?” was the general question.</p>
-<p>“And they use rockweed instead of plaintain leaves.”</p>
-<p>That gave us sailors the clew, and we laughed.</p>
-<p>The girl was puzzled. Kreelman asked:</p>
-<p>“Did you ever hear of a Rhode Island clambake, miss?”</p>
-<p>Of course she had not, and Kreelman enlightened her as to the similar
-method of cooking with heated stones. In twenty-five minutes Sarah threw
-off the canvas and we men pitched off the stones. Sarah tested the good
-things with a fork, and pronounced them well done. Then pointing at what
-looked like a coffee-pot on the live coals of the fire near by, she
-said:</p>
-<p>“There is something that looks like civilization. In it is a drink that
-tastes like coffee, which we make from roots and herbs.”</p>
-<p>We sat down in the house, and the women proposed to wait on us; but we
-protested. So the good things were brought in, and we all sat down
-together. And what a repast! One may say that the things merely seemed
-delicious because we had lived for many months on ship fare. Perhaps
-that quickened our appetite, but after all these long years I must say
-that I never enjoyed a better-cooked meal. After we rose, I noticed on
-the wall a picture of Queen Victoria, and beneath it written in a large,
-free hand a National Anthem, composed by Reverend G. H. Nobbs. He was
-the beloved pastor who was now with most of his flock at Norfolk Island.
-There were three stanzas. I was granted permission to copy them. The
-first stanza is as follows:</p>
-<div style='text-align:center; margin-top:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto'>
-<div style='display:inline-block; text-align:left;'>
-<div class='cbline'>’Mid the mighty Southern Ocean</div>
-<div class='cbline' style='padding-left:1.4em; '> Stands an isolated rock,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Blanchèd by the surf’s commotion,</div>
-<div class='cbline' style='padding-left:1.4em; '> Riven by the lightning’s shock.</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Hark those strains to heaven ascending</div>
-<div class='cbline' style='padding-left:1.4em; '> From those slopes of vivid green,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Old and young, their voices blending—</div>
-<div class='cbline' style='padding-left:1.4em; '> God preserve Britannia’s Queen!</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<p>After dinner, a messenger announced that a little later hosts and guests
-would meet in the open space just in front of the houses, which
-constituted what they called the town. Our little party was there early,
-and a pleasant thing it was to see the people gather; an islander, for
-example, coming with three or four of our men, all talking and laughing,
-and making one feel that he would like to exchange the trials and
-turmoil and temptations of the world for the sweet rest and quiet of
-this little island. Our hosts entertained us with songs, concluding with
-the National Anthem which was rendered with fine effect. Then our
-captain whispered to Lakeum, who in chosen words expressed our gratitude
-for the hospitality rendered and wished the colony abundant blessings
-and especially happiness and prosperity. I think we were all proud of
-Lakeum, and we were fortunate to have him as our spokesman, as he was
-the only one of our company who was capable of creditably expressing
-himself.</p>
-<p>The leave-takings were reserved for the place where we had landed, and a
-happy throng we were as we strolled along to the shore. If some
-difficulty attended our landing, more awaited our departure. Ours was
-the first craft to confront the surf and, staunch old whaleboat as it
-was on the open sea, it was unequal to the situation, for over it went,
-tumbling us all into the water. A loud laugh went up from the
-spectators, and several of the islanders plunged into the sea to help
-us. We righted the boat and, under the directions of our friends,
-mounted the crests successfully, and the other boats followed us. But
-something else followed us as well—the kindly adieus of the Pitcairners.</p>
-<p>The next day liberty was given the shipkeepers, and the captain, Lakeum
-and Silva went ashore with them, carrying trade to be exchanged for
-supplies. We were notified that the bargaining would take a good part of
-the day, and that on the appearance of the white flag we were to lower
-the boats and make for the shore. About the middle of the afternoon, the
-signal appeared, and three boats put out. As we rested on our oars at a
-spot about a hundred yards from the beach, we witnessed the storing in
-the native dugouts of pigs, goats, fowl, fruit and vegetables, which
-were to be transferred to our craft. The islanders were so apt and
-clever that the transfer was easily effected, and as we pulled for the
-ship I saw Sarah for the last time. She was standing on a bank waving
-her hand, and Russell was beside her. He joined with a parting gesture.
-I experienced a feeling like that which distressed me when the <i>Seabird</i>
-slipped from her moorings at the beginning of the voyage. It was a touch
-of homesickness.</p>
-<p>Now the island peak loomed in black outline against a pale green sky;
-heavy clouds hung about the western horizon glowing with crimson
-imparted by the sun which had just gone to his setting; the waves were
-tinted with reflected hues. I was not in a frame of mind to enjoy the
-spectacle. My thought was of the maiden whom I should never see again,
-and the dew gathered in my eyes.</p>
-<p>The crew felt kindly towards the captain, and they lauded him highly for
-giving them such a royal treat. As we set sail, they were happy and
-elated, and their joy was increased when they were informed that we were
-not going round the Horn, but were to make for home through the Strait
-of Magellan. The shortening of the voyage was the interesting feature.
-They had no conception of the difficulties and dilemmas they were to
-encounter in that hazardous passage—frequent fogs, hidden rocks and
-sudden squalls.</p>
-<p>When Kreelman and I had a few minutes together, he said: “Fancy Chest, I
-never was in the Magellan Strait, but a sailor who was on a merchantman
-told me that they went through there, and he never had such a time in
-his life. He said that there was a mile for every day in the year, and
-it took a week to get through. Once they scraped along a hidden rock,
-and just escaped shipwreck. I don’t know why the old man wants to go
-through there, but I suppose he does. I never knew of a whaler goin’
-through there before. Bad as the Horn is, it’s free sailin’ there. I
-hope the oil, bone and ambergris is insured.”</p>
-<p>This expression of Kreelman’s views was not encouraging.</p>
-<p>“How did you like the day on shore?” I inquired.</p>
-<p>“A great day for sailors. The old man done himself noble in giving us
-shore leave, and the Pitcairn folks done themselves proud in
-entertainin’ us. It was somethin’ like one of them nice, little places
-in a hot land. You know what I mean.”</p>
-<p>Kreelman looked at me, appealingly. “I think you mean an oasis in the
-desert,” I volunteered.</p>
-<p>“That’s it, Fancy Chest, an oyster, only not in the desert, but in the
-ocean.”</p>
-<p>The man mused, then broke out, “You heard Lakeum give that talk. There
-ain’t no man among edicated men who could have done better. I’ve been on
-the sea about all my life and I never see before a man on board a whaler
-like that man. You never hear no bad language and he acts different from
-the other men. He treats the men well, but he don’t allow no nonsense.
-And then he carries himself well. He’s got an edication, and he come
-from first-class folks, but, as I told you long ago, you can’t find out
-nothin’ about him. I guess, if all whalers was made up of men like him,
-they’d be better places to live in.”</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chXVI' title='XVI: HOMEWARD BOUND'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER XVI</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>HOMEWARD BOUND</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>We saw no whales as we went south, and we approached the Strait of
-Magellan under what seemed to be favorable auspices. The weather was
-fair, the sea was tranquil and the scenery was picturesque. The strait
-is three hundred and sixty miles in length, and from five to thirty
-miles in breadth. Patagonia is to the north, and the island of Tierra
-del Fuego to the south. As we entered the strait and, for a good many
-miles as we proceeded, we saw lofty ranges covered with snow and immense
-glaciers, and between them patches which looked like dark forests. The
-third day the weather changed, and navigation became more difficult. The
-fog set in and, though we had seen no vessels, the captain deemed it
-wise to be cautious, and we made only about three or four knots an hour.
-In the late afternoon the fog lifted, and the captain made for the shore
-of Tierra del Fuego. The sea became more boisterous, the sky assumed a
-threatening aspect, and the captain gave orders to throw the lead. When
-four fathoms was reported, he gave orders to heave to, to take in sail
-and put out two anchors. In the meantime the sky grew blacker, and we
-all worked with a will to have the ship snugged up and ready when the
-storm broke.</p>
-<div id='i281' style='margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:10.0%; width:80%;'>
- <img src='images/i281.jpg' alt='' style='width:100%' />
-<p class='caption'>The sea became more boisterous, and the captain gave orders to throw the lead.</p>
-</div>
-<p>When it came, it was more like a hurricane than a squall, and it came
-without any warning other than the troubled aspect of sea and sky. It
-seemed as if all the wind in the world were gathered in one terrific
-blast and that, too, for our especial benefit. It nearly swept the men
-off their feet and drove them to cover; it fairly shrieked as it swept
-through the rigging, and the only good thing about it was that it lasted
-less than half an hour.</p>
-<p>Kreelman said to me, “I rather think after all that the old man knows
-his business. I believe he’s made the voyage through here before and he
-knows just what to do and when to do it. By the way, Fancy Chest, who
-was that man Magellan they call the strait after, was he a Nantucket
-whaleman?”</p>
-<p>“Oh, no. He lived a hundred years before the <i>Mayflower</i> came over. He
-was a Portuguese, but sailed for a Spanish king. In 1520 he made the
-passage through this strait from east to west, and was the first white
-man to cross the Pacific Ocean. He gave it the name of Pacific, stopped
-at the Philippines and was killed there by the natives.”</p>
-<p>“He had some grit, didn’t he? If he hadn’t been killed, I rather think
-he would have returned by the way of the Horn.”</p>
-<p>We remained at our anchorage all night. The watch reported another storm
-towards morning, only less violent. At daybreak the sea was calm, and a
-boat appeared. Never had I seen and never have I since seen such a
-spectacle of destitution, misery and wretchedness. The boat was a rude
-affair, propelled by clumsy paddles. In the center on a stone foundation
-was a fire, or rather a bed of live coals. The occupants of the boat
-were Fuegians, small in stature, badly formed and only half-clad. It
-would be difficult to picture people more inferior and degraded. Some
-huddled over the fire, and others stretched out their arms while they
-muttered something which we assumed to be a request for food or
-clothing. The cook threw them some scraps, and, as we weighed anchor and
-were off, they called to us in tones from which we judged that they
-regarded our bounty as a scant one.</p>
-<p>Lakeum came forward and said to me, “What do you know about these
-Fuegians?”</p>
-<p>“I read up about them when I was at school. They are of a low order of
-intelligence and are treacherous and degraded.”</p>
-<p>Lakeum declared, “Let me tell you what an officer in our navy told me.
-He said that their vessel once called at the northerly side of the
-strait and that the Patagonians, though living close to salt water,
-never ventured from shore. What little they knew about boating pertained
-to fresh water. They had a circular craft for crossing shallow streams.
-They would dump into it whatever was to be transported; and then a horse
-was attached and he drew it to the other side. This officer also said
-that the Fuegians would cross the strait, steal anything they could lay
-their hands on, and, putting off in their boats with their plunder,
-would laugh at the Patagonians standing on the shore and unable to
-follow them.”</p>
-<p>We were a week in making the passage, and a hard week it was, too. The
-brief hurricanes came towards night, and the captain made due
-preparations, as he had warning of their coming. Fogs came and went; the
-air was raw and the desolation and solitude were relieved only once when
-we sighted a steamer in the distance. The mere glimpse of her improved
-our spirits and gave us courage. At the middle of the strait there were
-large mountains at the north, and small hills at the south. Here, on the
-Patagonian side, was a white settlement called Sandy Point, and used by
-the Chilean Government as a penal colony. We ran so near shore at this
-place that we could plainly see a little group of Patagonians. They were
-of large structure and powerfully built. I have since learned that the
-statement that many Patagonians are seven feet high is untrue. As we
-approached the eastern entrance to the strait, we noticed that the
-shores were low and reddish in color, and apparently sandy. Once more in
-the Atlantic we began to sing lustily the familiar song “Homeward
-Bound”, the first and last stanzas of which are as follows:</p>
-<div style='text-align:center; margin-top:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto'>
-<div style='display:inline-block; text-align:left;'>
-<div class='cbline'>We’re homeward bound, oh, happy sound!</div>
-<div class='cbline' style='padding-left:1.4em; '> Good-by, fare ye well,</div>
-<div class='cbline' style='padding-left:1.4em; '> Good-by, fare ye well!</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Come, rally the crew and run quick around,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Hurrah, my bullies, we’re homeward bound!</div>
-<div class='blankline'></div>
-<div class='cbline'>We’re homeward bound, may the winds blow fair,</div>
-<div class='cbline' style='padding-left:1.4em; '> Good-by, fare ye well,</div>
-<div class='cbline' style='padding-left:1.4em; '> Good-by, fare ye well!</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Wafting us true to the friends waiting there,</div>
-<div class='cbline'>Hurrah, my bullies, we’re homeward bound!</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<p>In a couple of weeks we began to see whales, and lowered several times,
-but they eluded us. When we reached the Rio de la Plata, we captured a
-sperm whale that boiled down sixty barrels. Imbedded in the body was a
-harpoon which had evidently been there for a long time. It had become so
-rusted that we could not discover a trace of the owner’s or ship’s name.
-I always took an interest in trophies and asked Lakeum if I might have
-it. My request was granted, and the rusty old reminder of the lost art
-of whaling is still in my possession.</p>
-<p>As we neared home, Kreelman began to take an interest in my welfare—no
-longer with sharp words and in a haughty manner, but rather as a father
-gives counsel to a son.</p>
-<p>“Fancy Chest,” he said, “I come from poor folks back in the country, so
-I thought I would like to follow the sea. I was a young fellow when I
-reached New Bedford and shipped on a whaler, and in a few years I’ll be
-an old man. I’ve been on the sea a good part of my life, and I don’t
-know nothin’ but salt water. Now what have I made out of it? Mighty
-little. I’ve never spent the little that was comin’ to me, but put it by
-for old age. I haven’t any home or any friends, and all my folks is
-dead. I shall ship on whalers so long as they’ll let me, and I may die
-on shipboard and be buried at sea, but it doesn’t matter whether on land
-or sea. Now what are you goin’ to do, Fancy Chest—follow the sea or
-stick to the land and do somethin’ else?”</p>
-<p>“The sea looks pretty attractive to me. I was warned before I left home
-that the foremast hand got very little out of a voyage. Every one on
-this vessel is going to get a little fortune, and why shouldn’t I follow
-the sea?”</p>
-<p>“You forget,” Kreelman rejoined, “that the ambergris is a good part of
-our catch, and you might sail the seas a hundred years without seeing
-another pound of it. I suppose you hope to be a captain some day, but
-it’s a long road before you get there. Then, if you marry, you are away
-from your home about half of your life. Remember that all voyages are
-not successful. If you stick to the sea you’ll never have a voyage that
-begins to equal this one. Then there’s another thing. I suppose you
-think this crew are just like the crew of any other vessel. No, they
-ain’t. Except gettin’ rid of that fellow at the Azores, this voyage of
-ours has run as smooth as oil. If you go on another voyage, it may be
-worse than bedlam.”</p>
-<p>Kreelman’s counsel set me to thinking, and as the days went by I weighed
-the advantages and disadvantages of a whaleman’s life. Then I thought of
-my mother—how hard it was for her to give me up, and how it pained her
-to part with me. I was still young, only in my eighteenth year, and the
-world was all before me. Then and there I determined to say to my mother
-at our meeting that one voyage was enough, and that I would seek
-employment on the land.</p>
-<p>Days passed, and as we neared home the Civil War was a constant subject
-of conversation. We had, of course, no definite information, so we
-indulged in conjecture. Late one day we saw smoke many miles astern of
-us, and we assumed that it came from a burning ship or from a steamer.
-The smoke increased in volume, and we soon saw that the object, which
-was apparently pursuing us, was a steamer. Some one said it might be a
-cruiser. From this inadvertent remark grew the general belief that it
-was a cruiser. It would soon be dark, and word was given to wet the
-sails. The water was passed up in buckets and the men worked diligently.
-The hope was that the darkness would protect us, but that hope was soon
-abandoned, for our supposed pursuer was fast gaining upon us. After
-capture the oil would be burned with the ship, but what should be done
-with the ambergris? It was suggested by some one that it be cut up into
-small pieces and concealed upon our persons, but there was not time
-enough to resort to that expedient. Nearer and nearer came the great
-black object, belching out its clouds of smoke. There was nothing on our
-part but resignation and also reflection on a wonderful voyage ending in
-collapse and ruin. When within half a mile of us the steamer veered, and
-in a short time passed us. They must have seen the old whaler, but she
-was too insignificant for recognition. The reaction brought relief, and
-the relief was followed by laughter.</p>
-<p>On the last day of April we sighted Block Island, and soon a pilot boat
-made for us. When the pilot boarded us he called out to the captain,</p>
-<p>“What’s your ambergris worth?”</p>
-<p>“How’d you know about that?” asked the captain.</p>
-<p>“Why, all New Bedford is talkin’ about it. They say there’s more
-interest taken in your voyage than in any other since whalin’ begun.
-You’ll have a lot of visitors when you drop anchor.”</p>
-<p>The wind came from the southwest and we made good time, soon reaching
-the Elizabeth Islands and then passing into the bay. We anchored at
-about the place from which we had sailed nearly three years before. The
-sharks at sea were quick to gather round the carcass of a whale; so were
-the gentlemen on land, of the same name, quick to gather on the deck of
-our vessel. These were the visitors the pilot referred to. One of them
-shook me vigorously by the hand, remembered me perfectly, was sure he
-had fitted me out before I sailed, and would do the right thing by me
-now, if I would go to his shop.</p>
-<p>“You are mistaken,” I declared. “You didn’t fit me out. My outfitter was
-a woman.”</p>
-<p>“A woman!” he exclaimed.</p>
-<p>“Yes,” I said, “my mother.”</p>
-<p>Just then some one tapped me on the shoulder. I turned and beheld my old
-friend, the shipkeeper. How delighted we were to meet again! How
-pleasant it was to hear that my parents were well!</p>
-<p>“Bleechly,” he remarked, “don’t have anything to do with the outfitters.
-Our boat is going up soon, and we’ll take you and your chest along. By
-the way, how did you like Lakeum?”</p>
-<p>“Fine. I pulled the stroke oar in his boat.”</p>
-<p>“Yes, he is a fine man,” said the shipkeeper, thoughtfully. “It’s rare
-indeed that you find a man like him on a whaler.”</p>
-<p>The captain and officers went with us in the boat. Glad as I was to be
-home again, I felt some regret in parting from the old vessel, scarred
-from the battles with wind and wave and reeking with grease and oil. I
-gave Lakeum a pressing invitation to go home with me and meet my
-parents, but he courteously declined. He showed feeling when I thanked
-him for his kindness to me during the voyage. I ordered the chest sent
-up to the house and walked briskly myself, so as to anticipate its
-arrival.</p>
-<p>Of my meeting with my parents and of the assurance conveyed to my mother
-that I had done with the sea, I propose to say nothing. Happy was our
-home and delighted was my mother with the things I brought her—the
-handiwork of the South Sea islanders, and of the inhabitants of
-Pitcairn. That evening all the boys I had ever known, including my old
-classmates, crowded into the house and made a hero of me. All the
-articles I had brought were scanned and handled as if they were precious
-and invaluable. Strange and ridiculous questions were asked, which I
-answered with great dignity and with solemn demeanor. The ambergris was,
-of course, the subject of animated discussion. Its value naturally was
-greatly exaggerated, one boy putting it at a million dollars. Then the
-watch was taken up, and all kinds of questions were asked as to its make
-and value. These I could not answer, because I had not received it. When
-the boys took their departure, most of them said that they were going to
-sea. My mother smiled and observed that their parents would have
-something to say upon the matter.</p>
-<p>How strange that night it seemed to stretch out in a bed! How difficult
-it was to compose myself to sleep! My little room had not been occupied
-since my departure, and now for the time being the three years seemed to
-be obliterated and I was a boy once more under my father’s roof. At last
-sleep stole on. I was visited by pleasant dreams and, when I awoke in
-the morning, I exclaimed, “Where am I, where am I?” only to find that I
-had forsaken the forecastle for the home of my youth, and as good a home
-as any boy ever had.</p>
-<p>The voyages were to be settled on the following day, so I told my
-parents that, before officers and crew separated, there were three of
-our number whom I desired to invite to the house, and they approved my
-purpose. I made search that morning for Lakeum. Again I wanted to press
-him to come to our home. I could get no trace of him. At last I
-bethought me of the shipkeeper.</p>
-<p>“Bleechly,” he said, “Lakeum’s gone and left a power of attorney with a
-friend to settle his voyage. From what he said I think it likely that
-he’ll never go whaling again.” Thus this man, who had been such a true
-friend to me, and who had won the esteem of all the men under him for
-nearly three years, passed out of my life. I never saw him or heard of
-him again.</p>
-<p>I found Kreelman in an outfitter’s establishment and I urged him to
-honor our home with his presence at supper that evening. He seemed
-touched and voiced his thanks most courteously but declined my
-invitation. Then I looked up Ohoo and found him in a sailor’s boarding
-house in the company of some questionable-looking individuals. I called
-him to one side and extended an invitation to supper.</p>
-<p>“Me go, me tank ’ou,” he replied.</p>
-<p>When I introduced him to my mother, in the afternoon, she observed, “My
-son has told me how kind your family were to him in their home in
-Honolulu, and now we are only too glad to have you in our little home
-here in New Bedford.”</p>
-<p>“Me tank ’ou. Me sing and dance.”</p>
-<p>Ohoo conducted himself at our humble table with credit. His manners were
-better than those of many people of opportunities and education. In the
-evening he sang some of his quaint and weird native songs, and he
-indulged in dances which caused merriment and won applause. Just before
-he left my father cautioned him as to the care of the money he was soon
-to receive, and suggested that the savings bank take care of it during
-his absence on the next voyage. As a fact, the counsel later was
-followed, and, when Ohoo went to sea again, a goodly sum was standing to
-his credit in the institution my father named.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
-<h2 id='chXVII' title='XVII: SETTLING THE VOYAGE'>
- <span style='font-size:1.2em'>CHAPTER XVII</span><br /><span style='font-size:1.0em'>SETTLING THE VOYAGE</span>
-</h2>
-</div>
-<p>On the following morning, my attention was called to an article in the
-local newspaper declaring the voyage of the <i>Seabird</i> to be the most
-remarkable, if not the most profitable, in the history of whaling. The
-find of ambergris was pronounced to be without a parallel, and the
-announcement was made that gold watches were offered as prizes—one to
-the man who first sighted the largest bowhead that was captured, and the
-other to the man who first saw the largest sperm whale which was also
-taken. The article proceeded:</p>
-<div style='margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-right:2em; margin-left:2em'>
-<p>The keenness of sight of the Gay Head Indians is proverbial, and to a
-foremast hand of that colony was awarded the prize for the largest
-bowhead captured. It is with great pleasure that we announce that one of
-our New Bedford boys was a successful competitor. Homer Bleechly, who
-shipped on the Seabird as a foremast hand, when hardly more than a boy,
-displayed the most remarkable powers of vision, actually raising more
-whales than any other man on the ship. One day when in the crow’s nest
-with the Gay Header beside him, he surpassed that vigilant individual in
-discovering the low bushy spout of a sperm whale at a point on the
-horizon where his companion could detect nothing but the mere movement
-of the waves. The whale thus sighted proved to be a monster, and as
-fierce as he was physically great. He smashed two boats and severely
-injured two seamen. The oil he yielded stowed down just one hundred and
-forty-one barrels.</p>
-</div>
-<p>This statement, so far from the truth, astounded me. I learned that the
-information was furnished the newspaper by one of my over-zealous
-friends. It had the effect of advertising my success, which it will be
-remembered was due to a mere accident, and hence deepened the interest
-in the watches.</p>
-<p>My father told me that, in settling the voyage, he did not advise the
-employment of a lawyer. He remarked, “You will have to pay a lawyer at
-least twenty-five dollars, and it’s money thrown away. Sailors now are
-too smart for the lawyers. This is the way they do. Where two men have
-the same lay and the same outfit and have had the same amount out of the
-slop chest, during the voyage, they agree that one of them shall have a
-lawyer. So this man goes in with his lawyer and his voyage is settled
-and he is paid off; and he pays his lawyer twenty-five dollars. Then the
-second man goes in all alone, and his voyage is settled and he is paid
-off. Then these two men get together and compare notes, and, if they
-find that the settlement is fair, one of them being twenty-five dollars
-out of pocket, in go the rest of the crew in a bunch, to settle, and the
-twenty-five dollars is borne by the whole crew. You don’t want a lawyer.
-However, the only thing you want to look out for is the ambergris. It’s
-rarely they find it, but some druggist may know what the last lot
-brought.”</p>
-<p>I followed the suggestion, and the druggist I visited said, “The last
-lot came in about fifteen years ago. There were thirty pounds, all in
-good condition, and it was sold in Boston for seven thousand dollars. I
-believe the substance is worth just as much now as it was then.”</p>
-<p>It was about eleven o’clock when I went with my father to the owner’s
-office. Most of the crew were gathered outside on the wharf. When we
-entered, the only people present were the Quaker, the bookkeeper, one of
-the foremast hands and a lawyer.</p>
-<p>“The only matter left,” said the lawyer, “is the ambergris. I understand
-that it is more valuable than diamonds.”</p>
-<p>The Quaker rejoined, “I prefer to have thee talk dollars and cents. I
-belong to the Society of Friends, and know nothing of the value of
-precious stones, jewels and so forth. Friends have no use for such
-things.”</p>
-<p>“Well, the lump is over three hundred pounds, and I’ll settle at the
-rate of a thousand dollars a pound—Three Hundred Thousand Dollars for
-the whole thing.”</p>
-<p>“Not in this office,” said the Quaker quietly.</p>
-<p>“Well, on what basis will you settle?”</p>
-<p>“I will settle on the basis of a fair valuation and no other.”</p>
-<p>Then the lawyer launched out with a great flow of words, accompanied by
-violent gestures, to show what he considered was a just valuation,
-concluding, “What do you think of that?”</p>
-<p>“I think, my friend, that thee indulges in too much unprofitable
-language,” was the reply.</p>
-<p>“Well, then let’s hear your views,” said the lawyer.</p>
-<p>The Quaker expressed himself as follows, and to this day I remember how
-clearly he presented his views and how free he was from excitement.</p>
-<p>“We have had no trouble in agreeing on the value of the oil and bone as
-a basis of settlement and now the only difference relates to this lump
-of ambergris weighing three hundred pounds. It has been examined and
-found to be in very fair condition. The highest price it is likely to
-bring is not three hundred thousand but seventy thousand dollars. I
-naturally assume some risk as to quality and price. I will settle on the
-basis of sixty-five thousand dollars, and, if that isn’t satisfactory,
-thee may bring suit or do anything else thee pleases.”</p>
-<p>The lawyer grumbled a little, muttered something to his client, backed
-down entirely, watched with keen eyes the payment of the amount due his
-companion and accompanied him to the door as if he were a brother.</p>
-<p>The Quaker smiled and observed to my father, “I will settle with this
-young man after the second sailor has been dealt with.”</p>
-<p>Hardly were the words uttered, when that individual appeared. And it was
-no other than Ohoo. Negotiations were soon concluded and Ohoo made his
-mark, took his money and then looked beseechingly at my father, who
-notified the merchant that he was to see to it that Ohoo’s money was
-safely guarded.</p>
-<p>“I approve of thy purpose,” the Quaker responded.</p>
-<p>Ohoo departed, and almost immediately returned, accompanied by the rest
-of the crew. After they had been dealt with, the settlement with my
-father was soon over. The ruling prices as to oil and bone were
-accepted, and sixty-five thousand dollars for the ambergris was agreed
-to.</p>
-<p>“This is a remarkable case,” said the Quaker, as he handed my father a
-little over eight hundred dollars. “Thy son has had nothing from the
-slop chest, and he receives the largest amount I have ever paid a sailor
-for a single voyage since I have been in the business.”</p>
-<p>The Quaker took from a drawer a couple of watches, and held them up
-before his silent and interested audience. He observed, “I have now a
-very pleasant duty to perform. It is to bestow a gold watch upon our
-friend from Gay Head, who sighted the largest bowhead captured, and
-another upon this young man, who was the first to announce the largest
-sperm whale taken.”</p>
-<p>The Gay Header showed a row of beautiful teeth as he took the watch; and
-he caused much laughter when he put it up to his ear, evidently to find
-out whether it was going.</p>
-<p>As I stepped forward, I did not extend my hand, but said, “I don’t know
-as I ought to take the watch, sir. My discovery of the whale wasn’t due
-to sharp eyes, but to luck. The big fellow had sounded at a place far
-off from us and happened to come up pretty near the ship. I happened to
-be the first one to see him.”</p>
-<p>“Nevertheless, the watch belongs to thee.”</p>
-<p>Then addressing the crew, he inquired, “Isn’t that so, my friends?”</p>
-<p>There was a loud “Yes.”</p>
-<p>My gratitude was twofold—to the Quaker merchant for his generosity, and
-to my companions, most of whom I was never to see again, for their kind
-approval.</p>
-<p>My money was later disposed of to the entire satisfaction of my parents,
-and now for the closing incident—the watch. My father went to his work,
-and I went home. The watch came out of my pocket every time I passed any
-one, and, as I passed a good many people, it came out a good many times.
-When I reached home, my mother handled it as tenderly as if it had been
-a baby, and loudly praised my Quaker benefactor. When evening came the
-visitors exceeded those of the night before. Every one wanted to handle
-the watch, and I was afraid that they might wear it out before they got
-through with it. Again I was asked all kinds of questions about the
-voyage, and particularly about the whale which brought me such good
-fortune. This was rather a delicate subject. But I was fair enough to
-say that the case was not a very meritorious one. That night I slept
-with the watch under my pillow.</p>
-<p>The next morning I walked up Union Street just as the merchants and
-other business men were going to their offices and places of business.
-In a jeweler’s window was a standard clock, and I noticed more than one
-passer-by stop and take out his watch and compare the time. This gave me
-an opportunity to display my timepiece. So I took it out with a great
-deal of pride, and to my surprise and grief it was fifteen minutes
-slower than the clock. My head was hot, my eyes were misty and my heart
-beat violently. I put the watch to my ear, and lo! it had stopped. I
-walked up the street in a dazed condition, turned into a side street and
-sat down on a doorstep. I was at a loss what to do, but at last, having
-pulled myself together, I returned to the jeweler’s and, entering,
-handed him the watch and asked what the matter with it was. He opened it
-with an important air and examined it carefully and oh! so slowly.</p>
-<p>His face was lighted by a faint smile as he said, “It will take ten days
-to repair it, and it will cost you fifteen dollars.”</p>
-<p>An outlay of fifteen dollars on a watch that was not fit for an ashheap!
-I stammered some excuse and took my departure. All my faculties were now
-awake, and the course of procedure was plain. I made haste to the
-Quaker’s office. I stood out on the wharf and, looking through the
-window, saw him, apparently as placid as ever, at work at his desk. I
-had determined to give him a perfect blast, and, while I was trying to
-summon the language I proposed to use, some one spoke to me. It was my
-old friend, the shipkeeper. He saw that I was disturbed and asked the
-cause. I told him my story and finished by declaring that I was going
-into the office and upbraid the Quaker for his treatment of me.</p>
-<p>“I wouldn’t do that,” said my companion, “until I had been to another
-jeweler. There are two things a man can buy and never know what he’s
-buying—one’s a horse and the other is a watch. Another jeweler may tell
-you a different story. Suppose you go to one.”</p>
-<p>This advice had an excellent effect, and I followed it. I sought an old
-watchmaker and silversmith who had a long established record for skill
-and honesty. There was something fatherly about him, and his face always
-wore a pleasant expression. His examination was slow and thorough. When
-completed, a smile spread over his countenance, as he said:</p>
-<p>“That’s a fine watch, and there is nothing the matter with it. The
-trouble is you forgot to wind it last night.”</p>
-
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-<hr class="pgx" />
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