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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5009973 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #63753 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/63753) diff --git a/old/63753-0.txt b/old/63753-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 88ee268..0000000 --- a/old/63753-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1087 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Second Letter on the late Post Office -Agitation, by Charles John Vaughan - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: A Second Letter on the late Post Office Agitation - - -Author: Charles John Vaughan - - - -Release Date: November 14, 2020 [eBook #63753] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SECOND LETTER ON THE LATE POST -OFFICE AGITATION*** - - -Transcribed from the 1850 John Murray edition by David Price - - - - - - A - SECOND LETTER - ON THE LATE - POST OFFICE AGITATION. - - - BY - - CHARLES JOHN VAUGHAN, D.D. - - HEAD MASTER OF HARROW SCHOOL, AND LATE FELLOW OF - TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. - - * * * * * - - LONDON: - JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET: - CROSSLEY, HARROW. - - MDCCCL. - - * * * * * - - LONDON: PRINTED BY W. NICOL, SHAKSPEARE PRESS, PALL MALL. - - * * * * * - - - - -A SECOND LETTER, &c. - - -MY DEAR SIR, {1} - -It has been satisfactory to me to receive, from many excellent and -well-informed persons, assurances of their entire concurrence in the -sentiments of my former Letter. I am neither surprised nor alarmed to -find myself assailed, in other quarters, by loud and severe -animadversions. You, Sir, have occupied an intermediate ground. You are -too well aware of the particular circumstances which occasioned my -letter, to accuse me of a gratuitous interference in a wearisome and -unthankful controversy. Your strictures, therefore, are confined to some -particular points in my argument, which you regard as requiring further -elucidation. And you urge me, not so much for your own satisfaction as -for that of others, to take the same opportunity of clearing away some -misapprehensions to which, in the judgment of persons unacquainted with -my opinions, my former Letter may have been exposed. - -Half, and more than half, the arguments of my Reviewers would have been -felt by themselves to be irrelevant, if they had taken the trouble to -observe the circumstances under which my Letter was written. It was not -to the general question of the observance of the Sunday, nor even of the -extent to which it may be right that the Post Office should observe it, -that my remarks were directed. The question before me was this. I am -urged, as an act of religious duty, to protest against a particular Order -of the Government. I am told, in the most sacred place, that a -particular Regulation of the London Post Office is to be regarded no less -as an affront to religion, and a violation of the rights of conscience, -than as an infraction of the liberties of England. An examination of the -question leads me to an opposite conclusion. I believe that the measure -thus stigmatized will, so far as it extends, promote rather than impede -the interests of religion, will, on the whole, facilitate rather than -interfere with the attendance of that class which it concerns upon the -ordinances of worship, while it leaves untouched those wider and more -general considerations which would involve, if seriously and consistently -entertained, a revolution in the management of the whole department. I -refuse, therefore, to protest. I refuse to assert, what I see no reason -to believe, that the national observance of the Lord’s Day will suffer -from this particular modification of an existing system. I refuse to -assert, what I think it a most unchristian malignancy to suspect, that -the object of this new Regulation was that which is disavowed and -repudiated by its authors. I cannot discover in it an insidious but -resolute attack upon the holy ordinance of the Christian Sunday. It -would have been in me an act of ridiculous affectation to express an -alarm in which I did not participate; or to remonstrate against a measure -of detail, by way of expressing a principle which was not at issue. So -far, however, my duty was but negative. It was discharged by refusing my -signature. Nor was it until I heard that refusal (which had ultimately -proved sufficiently general to defeat the remonstrance altogether) -commented upon afterwards, from the pulpit, in terms, to say the least, -of grave disapprobation, that it ever occurred to me to vindicate myself -and others from a suspicion of indifference or of timidity, by a -statement of the real nature and object of the measure thus impugned. - -It was enough, therefore, for my own vindication, enough, I repeat, to -justify my refusal to protest, to show that the mere transmission of -letters through the London Post Office on the Sunday, taken in connection -with its avowed object on the one hand, and with its concomitant measures -of relief on the other, was not that affront to religion, that -disparagement of Divine ordinances, which alone could necessitate the -interposition of a Christian nation for its discomfiture. This was the -object of my Letter. This object, steadily kept in view, necessarily -confined my argument within narrow limits, and excluded many topics of -discussion to which the opponents of the measure would gladly divert our -attention. - -For example, a Clerical antagonist, {5a} for whose character and evident -sincerity I entertain great respect,—and whose name, as he well knows, is -enough to secure for him at my hands a degree of forbearance and courtesy -which he would think it a dereliction of duty to reciprocate,—complains -that I have not enunciated in my Letter any positive opinions of my own -as to the grounds of the observance of the Lord’s Day. {5b} To supply -this deficiency, he has had recourse to my published Sermons; and, -selecting from a Sermon preached on a particular occasion an incidental -notice of the question, continues his complaint that there also my -language on this subject is vague and unsatisfactory. I can direct him, -if a time of unwonted leisure should ever permit him to avail himself of -the reference, to three consecutive Discourses on the Lord’s Day, -contained in a volume of Parochial Sermons, published four years ago, in -which I have entered fully into the discussion, and expressed myself in -language to which I still heartily subscribe. You, my dear Sir, will not -require to be informed, that there, as everywhere, I have spoken of the -Lord’s Day, as every Christian man must speak and think of it, with -veneration, with thankfulness, with an earnest and watchful jealousy for -its honour. The Author of the “Reply” would have expressed himself, -doubtless, in language more eloquent and more impressive, but he could -scarcely have used any more decisive as to his own convictions, than that -in which the national observance of the Sunday is there enforced. For -his information, not for yours, I quote the sentences which follow. {7} - - Finally, I would desire to press upon you the responsibility under - which the possession of such an ordinance places us, whether we will - hear or whether we will forbear. A responsibility to God—for which - we must, each and all of us, give account to Him that is ready to - judge the quick and the dead. But a responsibility also to our - country, and to generations yet perhaps to come. Other nations once - had this privilege of a Christian Sabbath; but they have almost or - utterly sinned it away. They neglected and abused it, till God took - away, by a just retribution, almost the very name of His day from - amongst them. There are countries in Christendom, in which Sunday is - known almost only as a day of amusement or of common business. - England too may one day be brought to this state, unless our - responsibilities are better remembered than they are now. Let us, at - all events, so honour this holy day ourselves, that our children may - inherit it from us as one of the most precious of all the gifts of - God. “If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them.” - -If any later expression of my opinions be demanded by the anxious -vigilance of my inquisitor, let me add a short passage from a Sermon -preached to a more youthful congregation on the Sunday before my Letter -was written. {8a} - - And shall we, a later, but certainly not a holier generation, despise - and tread underfoot a gift so gracious? {8b} Shall we thanklessly - weigh and measure the amount of observance by which we may avoid - condemnation in the use of it? Shall we either count it a weekly - burden, a deprivation of one seventh part of life’s legitimate - enjoyments; or else turn it from a day of heavenly into one of - earthly pleasure, and, because we dare not openly secularize it, - presume to nullify it altogether? My brethren, be wiser: wiser as to - your own good, wiser as to your own happiness. Be assured that a - wasted Sunday is the precursor of a sinful or an unhappy week. Be - assured, on the other hand, that He whose gift it is—a gift of love - unspeakable, even of that love which laid down life for us—will make - it a happy as well as a profitable day, to all who accept it as His - gift, and use it for the purpose of growing in the knowledge and love - of its Giver. - -I have thus far followed the guidance of the Author of the Reply into a -field which I still maintain to be foreign to the subject. I owe it to -myself, and to the office with which I am entrusted, to leave no room for -doubt as to my opinions on so serious a question of duty, even at the -risk of embarrassing for the moment a discussion which lies properly in a -narrower compass. But the concession, so far as I am concerned, shall -end here. I assumed, throughout my Letter, that the national observance -of the Sunday is a solemn and sacred duty. But we may surely be allowed -to discuss the objects and probable results of a particular change in the -working of the London Post Office, without obtruding upon our readers the -enquiry whether the Lord’s Day is identical with the Jewish Sabbath, -whether the sanctity of the Christian Sunday is derived from the Law or -from the Gospel, from “the letter which killeth” or “the spirit that -giveth life.” If indeed I were one of those who believe every enactment -of the Mosaic Sabbath to be of rigid and perpetual authority, and who yet -do and exact on that day, without scruple or remorse, acts which, if so, -are worthy of death; or if, while admitting the lawfulness, on that day, -for an individual or for a family, of works neither of mercy, strictly -speaking, nor of necessity, but only of _extreme convenience_, (and what -more can be said in defence of many of those domestic arrangements with -which, I imagine, even the Author of the Reply, even on the Sunday, can -scarcely dispense?) I yet denied the possibility of a _nations_ having -any such household duties as even the arrival of the Lord’s Day must -rather modify than supersede; if I regarded it as a plain and obvious sin -for a nation, under any circumstances, to suffer any one of its officers -to do any portion of his common work on its holy day; if, in short, I -regarded the question as thus foreclosed, by a plain and unequivocal -revelation of the Divine will, excluding the consideration of motives, of -circumstances, of consequences, altogether;—then certainly, sharing my -opponent’s principles, I might have used, with more or less of his -severity, something at least of his language; though, even then, I trust -I might have possessed sufficient discernment to distinguish between a -question of principle, and a question of detail; sufficient respect for -the understandings, and regard for the consistency, of my neighbours, to -have invited them to a protest rather against the permission of any -Sunday work in any Post Office, than against a particular adjustment of -that burden to which some had always been subjected. - -There is another region, besides, into which I must resolutely refuse to -follow my opponent; the region of personalities. He is evidently an -adept in the occult science of _motives_. He speaks, with the irritation -of a baffled magician, of any one whose spirit he cannot discern. He -confesses that I have puzzled him. He is unwilling to suspect one -motive, unable to impute another. The question is left doubtful. {11a} -But it is otherwise with Mr. Rowland Hill. He lies helplessly open to -the dissecting knife of the operator. And with unflinching severity is -it applied. {11b} Hostility to the Sabbath, enmity against -religion—these are visibly his principles. All else is a veil, a cloke, -a mask. When he speaks of desiring rest on the Sunday for his -subordinates, he means labour. When he prefaces his Minute with the -profession of regard for the Sunday, he speaks but to deceive, and smiles -(_vainly_ smiles, says my Reviewer) at the easy credulity of his victims. -{12} When he not only promises, but effects, a measure of undeniable -relief,—the discontinuance, for example, of a second Sunday -delivery,—this is only to disguise his restless spirit of antichristian -malignity, that he may proceed, more covertly, but not less surely, to -his real object, the annihilation of an ordinance of God. - -I am not the apologist of Mr. Rowland Hill. I know him only, as all the -world knows him, as the originator and accomplisher of one of the boldest -and most beneficial of all the achievements of modern civilization. It -will require more than mere assertion, to attach to his name those odious -imputations which it is necessary for the impugners of the late change to -suggest and to foster. And what, after all, are the grounds on which -such imputations rest? Mr. Rowland Hill, says the _Record_, was a -Director of a Railway which refused Return tickets extending from -Saturday to Monday, and thus compelled its passengers to travel on the -Sunday. {13a} Mr. Rowland Hill, says the Author of the Reply, is an -officer of that department of the Government, which is notorious above -all others for its desecration of the Sabbath: {13b} a department of the -Government, we may add, so beyond all others unfortunate, that to it -alone is denied the possibility of self-reformation, and every effort -after amendment is branded by anticipation as hypocrisy and imposture. - -My antagonist is fond of recurring to first principles. When he was -engaged, some years ago, in what he now denominates “the easy and -pleasant task” {13c} of a somewhat similar controversy with a very -different Correspondent, {13d} he constructed for that Gentleman, in a -catechetical form, a sort of _Rudimenta Minora_ of Theology, {13e} -adapted to what he conceived to be the extent of his religious -attainments. Starting from the immortality of the soul, he descended, by -stages judiciously graduated, to a humbler and more practical -question—the Sunday labours of the Bath Post Office. For me, a somewhat -more advanced pupil, he has drawn up a series—indeed two series {14}—of -rather less elementary propositions, ending with this revolting (though -certainly unquestionable) truism, “That it is better for sixty thousand -letters to be burned, unopened, than for one Post Office Clerk to perish -in hell for ever.” Now, if I might be permitted to assume for a moment -an office which my opponent appears to regard as peculiarly his own, that -of a theological preceptor of adults, I would start, like him, from some -elementary axiom, such as the authority of Revelation, or the Inspiration -of the Bible, and, leading him, by an easy train of reasoning, through a -few brief truisms on the properties of Christian charity, I should not -despair of gaining his acquiescence at last in this singularly startling -paradox, That it is the duty of every Christian to believe his -neighbour’s word until it is proved to be false, and to put upon his -conduct, not the least but the most favourable construction of which it -is reasonably capable. Tried by this test, the personalities of this -question would be scattered to the winds. It might remain to be -considered, whether in the measure of the Government there had been -anything of mistake or miscalculation; whether their hopes had been too -sanguine, or their assertions too positive; but for imputations of -malignant design, of intentional deception, no place whatever could have -been found. - -When the opponents of a measure turn aside from the consideration of its -inherent merits, to that of the secret motives and intentions of its -author, the attempt injures their cause far more than the success of the -attempt could aid it. No man would resort to such an argument, till all -else had been exhausted. And if unhappily such outrages upon common -honour and morality be excused, as here, by the plea of zeal for -religion, it is well if the cause of religion itself do not suffer by its -association with practices so unworthy. - -But even upon the merits of the case my Reviewers are ready to join -issue. I am accused of the grossest ignorance of the facts involved in -the discussion. The _Record_, refraining with an unwonted tenderness -from the imputation of a more corrupt motive, or unwilling to expend upon -a less formidable enemy any portion of that artillery which must be -reserved entire for the devoted head of Mr. Rowland Hill, is contented to -represent me as “a respectable man, occupied for the last three months in -reading nothing but the _Times_,” and an instructive example of the -pernicious influence of its “suppressions.” {16} Now, if the burden of -this charge is a preference of the _Times_ to the _Record_ as a channel -of political information, I must plead guilty. But, if it be intended, -as the context implies, that I borrowed from that or any other Newspaper -the statements of facts contained in my Letter, I can only reply that the -charge is false. Not one assertion is there made, which was not obtained -by explicit information from what every candid enquirer would regard as -the most authentic source. I do not for one moment hesitate to confess -that I regard an official Government return as better evidence on a -question of fact than the irresponsible publications of a “Lord’s Day -Society.” If the latter informs me that “the new Sabbath labour already -employs a considerably larger number of men on the Sabbath than was -professed by Mr. Hill’s Minute;” and if I learn from what I must regard -as higher authority that the amount of extra-work to be done on Sundays -in the London Office will, in all probability, be very shortly reduced to -the employment of _six_ persons, and may ultimately be accomplished even -without _any_ such addition, nay, with an actual _diminution_ of the -original number; while, at the same time, more than one hundred and -ninety persons, who have hitherto performed regular work on Sundays, are -set entirely free, within the London District itself; can I hesitate -which to follow? - -But, on other points, the conflict of evidence is less real than nominal. -The Society for Promoting the Observance of the Lord’s Day has forwarded -to me a table of returns from its Secretaries and Correspondents, showing -the hours of labour in seventy-three Country Post Offices, both before -and since the recent Order. It is there stated, that, “putting together -all these seventy-three Post Towns, the aggregate number of additional -hours for which the Post Offices are now closed, does not exceed one -hundred and ten hours, being on an average one hour and a half for each -place.” Even in that document are contained the names of several Towns -in which the relief thus afforded has amounted to four hours of -additional rest on the Sunday. But I will allow, for argument’s sake, -the entire correctness of their calculations. In seventy-three Country -Post Offices the average of relief amounts but to one hour and a half. -The Government, in the meantime, has received returns, not from -seventy-three, but from upwards of four hundred and eighty Towns, in -which the amount of relief has varied from one half-hour to seven hours -on the Sunday, and the average has amounted to between three and four -hours. Where is the real inconsistency of these statements? The Lord’s -Day Society, on a much smaller induction, and with materials (it may be) -carefully selected, arrives at one result; the Government, on larger and -less partial information, presents another. But in this case again, I -ask, can I doubt for one moment which to follow? - -You express some hesitation as to the justice of one statement contained -in my Letter, that the new Regulation involves no change of principle. -{19a} You consider that the attendance on Sunday in the London Post -Office, whatever its extent, has been hitherto private and unnoticed, -whereas in future it will be public and notorious. Nor can I deny that -the publicity which has been given to the subject by the recent agitation -has attracted to the proceedings of the Post Office a degree of public -attention to which they were never before exposed. But the distinction -you draw, though I understand it, seems to me somewhat arbitrary. The -attendance of the twenty-six {19b} will _henceforth_, at all events, be -as notorious as that of the twenty-five, {20a} or the six. {20b} -Henceforth, at all events, the two objects of Sunday attendance will be -separated by no such line of distinction. If the one does not involve -publicity, does not constitute what can fairly be called an opening of -the London Post Office, neither will the other. The Public will have no -admission. The London Public will be unaffected by the change. As far -as London is concerned, the Office will still be closed. If the former -attendance was not enough to open it, the present Regulation, when the -tumult of this agitation has once subsided, will work no less privately. -If it is otherwise now, whose fault is it? - -The Author of the Reply, with singular inconsistency, has thus disposed -of this part of the question. “The Office in London has been considered -as uniformly at rest, and always spoken of as such by both parties, the -slight exceptions being not of a nature to be cited honestly against that -position.” {20c} Slight exceptions! Is this the same hand which penned -the ninth axiom? {21a} Twenty-six Post Office clerks, involved in perils -such as he has painted, a slight exception, not of a nature to be cited -honestly! Why then the twenty-five, or the six, or the gradually -vanishing number, of _additional_ clerks required by the new measure? - -Again, you can see no obvious connection between the additional Sunday -labour in London and the additional Sunday rest in the country Offices. -Is it fair, you ask, to append to a measure of relief a condition of an -opposite kind? You would be the last man in the world, I well know, to -impute to me (even as “an elegant close to a period” {21b}) the horrid -and impious crime of “striking a balance with Jehovah” by “offering Him a -lesser sin instead of a greater.” {21c} You would not call it a sin in -one member of a family to endeavour to lighten the Sunday labour of -another by the sacrifice of a portion of his own Sunday leisure. You -would not call it a violation of the consciences of others, or an -exchange of sin for sin, if the Master of a family proposed to his -servants such an equalization of their Sunday employments. And on the -same principle, if there be any connection between Sunday work in London -and Sunday relief in the country, I cannot admit for one moment that it -is a sin to propose to a clerk in the London Post Office the discharge of -a duty which shall lighten the work elsewhere, not of one, but of tens -and perhaps hundreds, of his fellow-servants; and this, without -forfeiting for himself the opportunity of attending Divine service twice -on the Lord’s Day, with all comfort and quietness, and with leisure, -besides, for reflection and repose. {22a} Are domestic servants, to -speak generally, even in Christian families, in a more favourable -position than this for their religious welfare? The Author of the Reply -objects to these “national” views of the question. With him, “national” -is the opposite of “scriptural” and “spiritual.” {22b} He can see -nothing but the individual; the “one Post Office clerk.” He would deny -the applicability to a nation of the command to “bear one another’s -burdens.” What in a family would be virtues, in a wider sphere are sins. - -Your view, I am persuaded, is not thus microscopic. You will grant the -conclusion, if the premises are established. Your only doubt is as to -the effect of the labour here upon the labour there. The Government have -coupled the burden and the relief; but is there any real and natural -connection? It was the object of my Letter to indicate, chiefly by -references to Mr. Hill’s Minute, the existence of this connection. I -will not repeat now the obvious statement that the cessation of the -Sunday detention of letters in London will obviate at once those -circuitous methods of communication by which the detention was formerly -evaded, and Sunday labour, in various ways, materially increased. {23} I -will rather select the point to which you particularly direct my -attention. And I would show you, as briefly as possible, the operation -of the new Order in diminishing the amount of letters delivered and read, -written and posted, in the country on the Sunday. {24} - -Under the old system, the average number of letters passing through the -London Office was greater by six per cent. on Saturday than on other -days. Why? Because it was known that the following was a blank post. -If not transmitted before Sunday, they must wait in London throughout -that day. Now the augmentation of letters passing through London on -Saturday caused an augmentation of letters delivered and read in the -country on Sunday. The effect of the new Regulation is at least to -obviate this _excess_, and to reduce the Sunday morning delivery in the -country to the measure of an ordinary day. The labours of sorting and of -distribution will be diminished obviously to a proportionate extent. - -Again, the average number of letters passing through London on Monday was -greater, not by six, but by twenty-five per cent., than on other days. -Such letters must have been posted in the country either on Saturday -evening or on Sunday. But Saturday evening, under the old system, was in -most Towns a blank post time. Sunday, therefore, was the day to which -the excess was to be attributed. The knowledge that letters posted on -Saturday evening would lie in London till the Monday, led to a very -general habit of either writing, or at least posting, letters on the -Sunday. The latter habit, equally with the former, involved a -corresponding increase of the Sunday labours of the country Offices. -Under the present system, the temptation to prefer Sunday for either -purpose is removed. Saturday now offers equal advantages with any other -day for sending letters from the country through London. In the same -degree, the burdens of the country Offices on Sunday are lightened: the -_excess_, at least, of those burdens, a marked and heavy excess, above -those of common days, is effectually removed. And, beyond this, the -religious feeling which leads so many to shrink from such an employment -of the Lord’s Day cannot but operate in diminishing the Sunday -occupations (in this respect) of the country Offices even _below_ those -of other days. Of the actual result, the relief actually experienced in -the provincial Offices, I have before spoken. {26} And it is the -cessation of the Sunday detention—in other words, the introduction of a -Sunday transmission through London—to which, as you have seen, the -result, whatever it be, is strictly and wholly due. - -I believe that a similar examination of other details would establish -with equal certainty this connection of cause and effect between the -Regulation itself and the beneficial result. But, were it otherwise, is -it a reasonable demand that the connection between the different sections -of the new Order should be, in every point, capable of mathematical -demonstration? Is every complex measure to be stigmatized as a fraud, -because its component parts, however perfect their harmony, do not arise -out of each other by a logical sequence? Might not even an apparently -extraneous appendage (though I am far from regarding this as a just -description of any part of the present Regulation) be accepted as at -least an indication of the spirit and object of the framer? - -There is yet another point, which has left on your mind, as on that of -others, an unfavourable impression. The attendance of the additional -Clerks on Sunday in the London Post Office is voluntary. In other words, -a man whose conscience forbids him to attend on the Sunday shall not -forfeit his situation by refusal. Does this imply, on the part of the -Government, any mis-giving as to the lawfulness of the duties proposed? -It merely recognizes the possibility of such scruples, and extends to -them the amplest toleration. That there _are_ men who would think such -attendance wrong, is a matter of fact: the Government tolerates, though -it does not share, the opinion, and would prevent its operating harshly -upon the fortunes of the conscientious recusant. How loud an outcry, -from the very same quarters, would have followed a system of -_compulsion_, may be inferred from the strange contradiction which -“closes a period” in the “Reply.” “He must be a very prejudiced man who -calls the poor clerk a voluntary agent in the matter, when he is enticed -by a bribe, which his small salary makes an irresistible temptation, or -compelled by the fear of the loss of his only means of subsistence.” {28} -“The poor clerk” is not threatened with the loss of his subsistence: that -he is not, was urged just now against the authors of the measure as a -proof of conscious guilt or weakness. - -But is it not, you ask, too strong a temptation to a man of infirm -religious principles, to offer him a reward for Sunday labour? Can you -expect him to resist the “bribe?” And if afterwards this voluntary -labour should lie heavily on his conscience, how could you justify to -yourself your own share in his transgression? Now, if the act proposed -be in itself, and of necessity, a sin; if no consideration of motives or -circumstances can justify the occupation of any portion of the Sunday in -the most urgent of worldly concerns; he, certainly, is deeply guilty, who -proposes it, even with an alternative, to the choice of his neighbour. -But, if this be one of those questions on which God’s Word leaves scope, -within certain limits, for the exercise of an individual judgment; if, in -reducing to practical detail the admitted duty of a religious observance -of the Sunday, one man may conscientiously approve what another no less -conscientiously condemns, and it remains only that “every man be fully -persuaded in his own mind;” then the demand made by this Regulation upon -the candour and courage of those to whom it offers the work and the -wages, is no greater than that which must daily be encountered by all who -labour for their own bread, and would do so in the fear of God. To none -does it propose, as the Author of the Reply would lead us to imagine, the -surrender of religious instruction and worship, the abandonment of all -opportunity of serious meditation, or the devotion of the Lord’s Day to -the service of a “godless or thoughtless multitude.” {29a} On the -contrary, the possibility of such profanation, within the precincts to -which its authority extends, the Order in question expressly and -peremptorily precludes. {29b} - -There remains, however, on the minds of many, an impression, scarcely -affected by the most conclusive reply to individual objections, that the -result, if not the object, of the late alteration will be a delivery of -letters on the Sunday in London. Hitherto, it is said, the merchants of -London have enjoyed, and have thought themselves entitled to enjoy, an -advantage in this respect over the merchants of Bristol or of Liverpool. -Letters arriving in London on the Sunday were in their possession at a -far earlier hour on the Monday than that at which they could reach the -hands of their provincial rivals. Can it be expected that the loss of -this advantage will be borne with patience? Will not an irresistible -clamour demand some compensation? And what can this compensation be, but -a Sunday delivery of letters in London? Now let it be remembered, in the -first place, that the advantage lost by London is not given to the -country. No one pretends to say that by means of the Sunday transmission -through London the provincial merchant will receive his letters _earlier_ -than the metropolitan. The injury complained of is at last but equality. -The complaint rests only on the supposition that the London merchant has -a right to an _advantage_ over his provincial competitor. And, if this -advantage has been once lost; if the claim to superiority has once been -set aside; if the interests of every country merchant throughout England -are now concerned in preventing its restoration; may it not be expected -that the clamours of London for the reestablishment of inequality will be -balanced by the clamours of the provinces for the maintenance of -equality? But, again, from what quarter shall we expect the demand for a -Sunday delivery in London? The merchants of London have pledged -themselves, by the terms of their late remonstrances, to the principle of -Sunday observance. They have availed themselves of the _religious_ -argument in their recent agitation. They have urged the sacred right of -every Englishman to his seventh day of rest. Is it to be supposed, that -they who have resisted, on religious grounds, the slightest possible -interference with the completeness of the Sabbatical rest, are prepared -now to revenge their disappointment by clamouring for a wide and sweeping -desecration? If any examples of so lamentable an inconsistency should -unhappily be presented, nothing more can be required, as an exposure of -the _new_ agitation, than a reference to the recorded principles of the -old. - - * * * * * - -I have now discharged, however imperfectly, the task imposed upon me by -circumstances which I must still deplore. Earnestly, most earnestly, do -I desire the thankful and reverent observance of the Lord’s Day, with -which I believe our national as well as individual welfare to be closely, -inseparably linked. Deeply do I lament the condition of those weary and -comfortless labourers, who are cut off from the inestimable blessings to -be derived from its holy rest. It is because I believe that many of the -provincial officers of our national Post Office are involved in this -calamity, and that the present measure contemplates, and in part effects, -their emancipation, that I have condemned the blind hostility with which -it has been assailed, and laboured to expose the misrepresentations by -which that hostility has been fostered. - -While, however, the late alteration has been, in my opinion, a measure of -relief, for which many will have cause to be thankful, it is not a final -measure. The Government itself has not so regarded it. Other measures -of Sunday relief have followed and are following it in quick succession. -Already the order is given for the final closing (as a general rule) of -every country Post Office on the Sunday, at ten o’clock in the morning. -I have intimated in my former Letter the particular hopes which I -entertain of a still further reform. {33} I do not despair of the -arrival of a day when every Post Office throughout England and Wales -shall have followed yet more completely the example of the Post Office of -London; when the ordinary delivery of letters shall be totally suspended -every where on the Sunday, while at the same time, from a due regard to -the infinite necessities of a great country in an advanced stage of -civilization, the sanctity of the day of rest is not so interpreted as to -shorten practically by one the six days of labour. To this extent, at -least, my own hopes and wishes are carried. If it should prove that even -more than this can safely be attempted; that the transmission, as well as -the delivery, of letters may from the Saturday to the Monday be -suspended; far be it from me to raise a finger in hindrance of so -unexpected, yet theoretically so desirable, a result. Let me only -express a hope, that, if this demand be seriously urged upon the -attention of the Government and the Legislature, it may not be made in a -spirit which must rouse the just indignation of those to whom it is -addressed, while it alienates the sympathy of every candid and reasonable -mind. - - Believe me, my dear Sir, - - Yours very truly, - - C. J. VAUGHAN. - -LAPWORTH RECTORY, - _December_ 29, 1849. - - - - -_By the Same Author_. - - -SERMONS, chiefly Parochial. 8vo. 1845. - -SERMONS, preached in the Chapel of Harrow School. 8vo. 1847. - -NINE SERMONS, preached for the most part in the Chapel of Harrow School. -12mo. 1849. - - * * * * * - -AN EARNEST APPEAL to the Master and Seniors of Trinity College, -Cambridge, on the Revision of the Statutes. By TWO OF THE FELLOWS. 8vo. -1840. - - - - -FOOTNOTES. - - -{1} Lest another inference should possibly be drawn, it is right to -state that this Letter (like the former) is addressed to no one whose -name is known to the Public. - -{5a} Reply to Dr. Vaughan’s Letter on the late Post Office Agitation. -By the Rev. J. R. Pears, M.A., Master of the Bath Grammar School. - -{5b} Reply, page 10. - -{7} Parochial Sermons, page 291. - -{8a} MS. Sermon, preached in the Chapel of Harrow School, Nov. 11, 1849. - -{8b} The Lord’s Day. - -{11a} Reply, page 21. - -{11b} Reply, page 16, &c. - -{12} Reply, page 19. - -{13a} The _Record_, December 3, 1849. - -{13b} Reply, page 19. - -{13c} Reply, page 4. - -{13d} Letter to the Hon. Grantley F. Berkeley, on the Delivery of -Letters on the Lord’s Day. By the Rev. J. R. Pears, M.A. - -{13e} Ibid, page 10. - -{14} Reply, pages 12, 20. - -{16} The _Record_, as above. - -{19a} Letter I. page 8. - -{19b} Letter I. Note 7, page 8. - -{20a} Letter I. page 7. - -{20b} See above, page 17. - -{20c} Reply, page 18. - -{21a} See above, page 14. Reply, page 13. - -{21b} Reply, page 7. - -{21c} Reply, page 6. - -{22a} Letter I. pages 7, 8. - -{22b} Reply, page 8. - -{23} Letter I. note 8, page 10. - -{24} Letter I. note 10, pages 11, 12. - -{26} Letter I. page 13. See above, page 18. - -{28} Reply, page 19. - -{29a} Reply, pages 13, 14. - -{29b} Letter I. pages 7, 8. - -{33} Letter I. page 12. Nor is it perhaps altogether presumptuous to -express a hope that the unrestricted _transmission_ of letters on the -Sunday may eventually be followed by an equally general _suspension_ of -their _delivery_; by which London and the country would be placed, in -this respect, on a footing of perfect equality; the due observance of the -Sunday being alike in both secured, with no injurious consequences, in -either, to the business of the following day. - - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SECOND LETTER ON THE LATE POST -OFFICE AGITATION*** - - -******* This file should be named 63753-0.txt or 63753-0.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/3/7/5/63753 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: A Second Letter on the late Post Office Agitation - - -Author: Charles John Vaughan - - - -Release Date: November 14, 2020 [eBook #63753] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SECOND LETTER ON THE LATE POST -OFFICE AGITATION*** -</pre> -<p>Transcribed from the 1850 John Murray edition by David -Price</p> -<h1><span class="GutSmall">A</span><br /> -SECOND LETTER<br /> -<span class="GutSmall">ON THE LATE</span><br /> -POST OFFICE AGITATION.</h1> -<p style="text-align: center"><span -class="GutSmall">BY</span></p> -<p style="text-align: center">CHARLES JOHN VAUGHAN, D.D.</p> -<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">HEAD MASTER -OF HARROW SCHOOL, AND LATE FELLOW OF</span><br /> -<span class="GutSmall">TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.</span></p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p style="text-align: center">LONDON:<br /> -JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET:<br /> -CROSSLEY, HARROW.</p> -<p style="text-align: center"><span -class="GutSmall">MDCCCL.</span></p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p style="text-align: center"><a name="pageii"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. ii</span><span class="GutSmall">LONDON: -PRINTED BY W. NICOL, SHAKSPEARE PRESS, PALL MALL.</span></p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<h2><a name="page1"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 1</span>A SECOND -LETTER, &c.</h2> -<p><span class="smcap">My dear Sir</span>, <a -name="citation1"></a><a href="#footnote1" -class="citation">[1]</a></p> -<p>It has been satisfactory to me to receive, from many excellent -and well-informed persons, assurances of their entire concurrence -in the sentiments of my former Letter. I am neither -surprised nor alarmed to find myself assailed, in other quarters, -by loud and severe animadversions. You, Sir, have occupied -an intermediate ground. You are too well aware of the -particular circumstances which occasioned my letter, <a -name="page2"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 2</span>to accuse me of -a gratuitous interference in a wearisome and unthankful -controversy. Your strictures, therefore, are confined to -some particular points in my argument, which you regard as -requiring further elucidation. And you urge me, not so much -for your own satisfaction as for that of others, to take the same -opportunity of clearing away some misapprehensions to which, in -the judgment of persons unacquainted with my opinions, my former -Letter may have been exposed.</p> -<p>Half, and more than half, the arguments of my Reviewers would -have been felt by themselves to be irrelevant, if they had taken -the trouble to observe the circumstances under which my Letter -was written. It was not to the general question of the -observance of the Sunday, nor even of the extent to which it may -be right that the Post Office should observe it, that my remarks -were directed. The question before me was this. I am -urged, as an act of religious duty, to protest against a -particular Order of the Government. I am told, in the most -sacred place, that a particular <a name="page3"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 3</span>Regulation of the London Post Office -is to be regarded no less as an affront to religion, and a -violation of the rights of conscience, than as an infraction of -the liberties of England. An examination of the question -leads me to an opposite conclusion. I believe that the -measure thus stigmatized will, so far as it extends, promote -rather than impede the interests of religion, will, on the whole, -facilitate rather than interfere with the attendance of that -class which it concerns upon the ordinances of worship, while it -leaves untouched those wider and more general considerations -which would involve, if seriously and consistently entertained, a -revolution in the management of the whole department. I -refuse, therefore, to protest. I refuse to assert, what I -see no reason to believe, that the national observance of the -Lord’s Day will suffer from this particular modification of -an existing system. I refuse to assert, what I think it a -most unchristian malignancy to suspect, that the object of this -new Regulation was that which is disavowed and repudiated by its -authors. I cannot discover in it an insidious <a -name="page4"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 4</span>but resolute -attack upon the holy ordinance of the Christian Sunday. It -would have been in me an act of ridiculous affectation to express -an alarm in which I did not participate; or to remonstrate -against a measure of detail, by way of expressing a principle -which was not at issue. So far, however, my duty was but -negative. It was discharged by refusing my signature. -Nor was it until I heard that refusal (which had ultimately -proved sufficiently general to defeat the remonstrance -altogether) commented upon afterwards, from the pulpit, in terms, -to say the least, of grave disapprobation, that it ever occurred -to me to vindicate myself and others from a suspicion of -indifference or of timidity, by a statement of the real nature -and object of the measure thus impugned.</p> -<p>It was enough, therefore, for my own vindication, enough, I -repeat, to justify my refusal to protest, to show that the mere -transmission of letters through the London Post Office on the -Sunday, taken in connection with its avowed object on the one -hand, and with its concomitant measures <a name="page5"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 5</span>of relief on the other, was not that -affront to religion, that disparagement of Divine ordinances, -which alone could necessitate the interposition of a Christian -nation for its discomfiture. This was the object of my -Letter. This object, steadily kept in view, necessarily -confined my argument within narrow limits, and excluded many -topics of discussion to which the opponents of the measure would -gladly divert our attention.</p> -<p>For example, a Clerical antagonist, <a -name="citation5a"></a><a href="#footnote5a" -class="citation">[5a]</a> for whose character and evident -sincerity I entertain great respect,—and whose name, as he -well knows, is enough to secure for him at my hands a degree of -forbearance and courtesy which he would think it a dereliction of -duty to reciprocate,—complains that I have not enunciated -in my Letter any positive opinions of my own as to the grounds of -the observance of the Lord’s Day. <a -name="citation5b"></a><a href="#footnote5b" -class="citation">[5b]</a> To supply this deficiency, he has -had recourse to my published Sermons; <a name="page6"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 6</span>and, selecting from a Sermon preached -on a particular occasion an incidental notice of the question, -continues his complaint that there also my language on this -subject is vague and unsatisfactory. I can direct him, if a -time of unwonted leisure should ever permit him to avail himself -of the reference, to three consecutive Discourses on the -Lord’s Day, contained in a volume of Parochial Sermons, -published four years ago, in which I have entered fully into the -discussion, and expressed myself in language to which I still -heartily subscribe. You, my dear Sir, will not require to -be informed, that there, as everywhere, I have spoken of the -Lord’s Day, as every Christian man must speak and think of -it, with veneration, with thankfulness, with an earnest and -watchful jealousy for its honour. The Author of the -“Reply” would have expressed himself, doubtless, in -language more eloquent and more impressive, but he could scarcely -have used any more decisive as to his own convictions, than that -in which the national observance of the Sunday is there -enforced. For his <a name="page7"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 7</span>information, not for yours, I quote -the sentences which follow. <a name="citation7"></a><a -href="#footnote7" class="citation">[7]</a></p> -<blockquote><p>Finally, I would desire to press upon you the -responsibility under which the possession of such an ordinance -places us, whether we will hear or whether we will forbear. -A responsibility to God—for which we must, each and all of -us, give account to Him that is ready to judge the quick and the -dead. But a responsibility also to our country, and to -generations yet perhaps to come. Other nations once had -this privilege of a Christian Sabbath; but they have almost or -utterly sinned it away. They neglected and abused it, till -God took away, by a just retribution, almost the very name of His -day from amongst them. There are countries in Christendom, -in which Sunday is known almost only as a day of amusement or of -common business. England too may one day be brought to this -state, unless our responsibilities are better remembered than -they are now. Let us, at all events, so honour this holy -day ourselves, that our children may inherit it from us as one of -the most precious of all the gifts of God. “If ye -know these things, happy are ye if ye do them.”</p> -</blockquote> -<p>If any later expression of my opinions be demanded by the -anxious vigilance of my inquisitor, let me add a short passage -from a Sermon preached to a more youthful congregation <a -name="page8"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 8</span>on the Sunday -before my Letter was written. <a name="citation8a"></a><a -href="#footnote8a" class="citation">[8a]</a></p> -<blockquote><p>And shall we, a later, but certainly not a holier -generation, despise and tread underfoot a gift so gracious? <a -name="citation8b"></a><a href="#footnote8b" -class="citation">[8b]</a> Shall we thanklessly weigh and -measure the amount of observance by which we may avoid -condemnation in the use of it? Shall we either count it a -weekly burden, a deprivation of one seventh part of life’s -legitimate enjoyments; or else turn it from a day of heavenly -into one of earthly pleasure, and, because we dare not openly -secularize it, presume to nullify it altogether? My -brethren, be wiser: wiser as to your own good, wiser as to your -own happiness. Be assured that a wasted Sunday is the -precursor of a sinful or an unhappy week. Be assured, on -the other hand, that He whose gift it is—a gift of love -unspeakable, even of that love which laid down life for -us—will make it a happy as well as a profitable day, to all -who accept it as His gift, and use it for the purpose of growing -in the knowledge and love of its Giver.</p> -</blockquote> -<p>I have thus far followed the guidance of the Author of the -Reply into a field which I still maintain to be foreign to the -subject. I owe it to myself, and to the office with which I -am entrusted, to leave no room for doubt as to my opinions on so -serious a <a name="page9"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -9</span>question of duty, even at the risk of embarrassing for -the moment a discussion which lies properly in a narrower -compass. But the concession, so far as I am concerned, -shall end here. I assumed, throughout my Letter, that the -national observance of the Sunday is a solemn and sacred -duty. But we may surely be allowed to discuss the objects -and probable results of a particular change in the working of the -London Post Office, without obtruding upon our readers the -enquiry whether the Lord’s Day is identical with the Jewish -Sabbath, whether the sanctity of the Christian Sunday is derived -from the Law or from the Gospel, from “the letter which -killeth” or “the spirit that giveth -life.” If indeed I were one of those who believe -every enactment of the Mosaic Sabbath to be of rigid and -perpetual authority, and who yet do and exact on that day, -without scruple or remorse, acts which, if so, are worthy of -death; or if, while admitting the lawfulness, on that day, for an -individual or for a family, of works neither of mercy, strictly -speaking, nor of necessity, but only of <a -name="page10"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 10</span><i>extreme -convenience</i>, (and what more can be said in defence of many of -those domestic arrangements with which, I imagine, even the -Author of the Reply, even on the Sunday, can scarcely dispense?) -I yet denied the possibility of a <i>nations</i> having any such -household duties as even the arrival of the Lord’s Day must -rather modify than supersede; if I regarded it as a plain and -obvious sin for a nation, under any circumstances, to suffer any -one of its officers to do any portion of his common work on its -holy day; if, in short, I regarded the question as thus -foreclosed, by a plain and unequivocal revelation of the Divine -will, excluding the consideration of motives, of circumstances, -of consequences, altogether;—then certainly, sharing my -opponent’s principles, I might have used, with more or less -of his severity, something at least of his language; though, even -then, I trust I might have possessed sufficient discernment to -distinguish between a question of principle, and a question of -detail; sufficient respect for the understandings, and regard for -the consistency, of my neighbours, <a name="page11"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 11</span>to have invited them to a protest -rather against the permission of any Sunday work in any Post -Office, than against a particular adjustment of that burden to -which some had always been subjected.</p> -<p>There is another region, besides, into which I must resolutely -refuse to follow my opponent; the region of personalities. -He is evidently an adept in the occult science of -<i>motives</i>. He speaks, with the irritation of a baffled -magician, of any one whose spirit he cannot discern. He -confesses that I have puzzled him. He is unwilling to -suspect one motive, unable to impute another. The question -is left doubtful. <a name="citation11a"></a><a -href="#footnote11a" class="citation">[11a]</a> But it is -otherwise with Mr. Rowland Hill. He lies helplessly open to -the dissecting knife of the operator. And with unflinching -severity is it applied. <a name="citation11b"></a><a -href="#footnote11b" class="citation">[11b]</a> Hostility to -the Sabbath, enmity against religion—these are visibly his -principles. All else is a veil, a cloke, a mask. When -he speaks of desiring rest on the Sunday for his subordinates, he -means labour. When he prefaces his Minute with the -profession <a name="page12"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -12</span>of regard for the Sunday, he speaks but to deceive, and -smiles (<i>vainly</i> smiles, says my Reviewer) at the easy -credulity of his victims. <a name="citation12"></a><a -href="#footnote12" class="citation">[12]</a> When he not -only promises, but effects, a measure of undeniable -relief,—the discontinuance, for example, of a second Sunday -delivery,—this is only to disguise his restless spirit of -antichristian malignity, that he may proceed, more covertly, but -not less surely, to his real object, the annihilation of an -ordinance of God.</p> -<p>I am not the apologist of Mr. Rowland Hill. I know him -only, as all the world knows him, as the originator and -accomplisher of one of the boldest and most beneficial of all the -achievements of modern civilization. It will require more -than mere assertion, to attach to his name those odious -imputations which it is necessary for the impugners of the late -change to suggest and to foster. And what, after all, are -the grounds on which such imputations rest? Mr. Rowland -Hill, says the <i>Record</i>, was a Director of a Railway which -refused Return tickets extending from Saturday to Monday, <a -name="page13"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 13</span>and thus -compelled its passengers to travel on the Sunday. <a -name="citation13a"></a><a href="#footnote13a" -class="citation">[13a]</a> Mr. Rowland Hill, says the -Author of the Reply, is an officer of that department of the -Government, which is notorious above all others for its -desecration of the Sabbath: <a name="citation13b"></a><a -href="#footnote13b" class="citation">[13b]</a> a department of -the Government, we may add, so beyond all others unfortunate, -that to it alone is denied the possibility of self-reformation, -and every effort after amendment is branded by anticipation as -hypocrisy and imposture.</p> -<p>My antagonist is fond of recurring to first principles. -When he was engaged, some years ago, in what he now denominates -“the easy and pleasant task” <a -name="citation13c"></a><a href="#footnote13c" -class="citation">[13c]</a> of a somewhat similar controversy with -a very different Correspondent, <a name="citation13d"></a><a -href="#footnote13d" class="citation">[13d]</a> he constructed for -that Gentleman, in a catechetical form, a sort of <i>Rudimenta -Minora</i> of Theology, <a name="citation13e"></a><a -href="#footnote13e" class="citation">[13e]</a> adapted to what he -conceived to be the extent of his religious attainments. -Starting <a name="page14"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -14</span>from the immortality of the soul, he descended, by -stages judiciously graduated, to a humbler and more practical -question—the Sunday labours of the Bath Post Office. -For me, a somewhat more advanced pupil, he has drawn up a -series—indeed two series <a name="citation14"></a><a -href="#footnote14" class="citation">[14]</a>—of rather less -elementary propositions, ending with this revolting (though -certainly unquestionable) truism, “That it is better for -sixty thousand letters to be burned, unopened, than for one Post -Office Clerk to perish in hell for ever.” Now, if I -might be permitted to assume for a moment an office which my -opponent appears to regard as peculiarly his own, that of a -theological preceptor of adults, I would start, like him, from -some elementary axiom, such as the authority of Revelation, or -the Inspiration of the Bible, and, leading him, by an easy train -of reasoning, through a few brief truisms on the properties of -Christian charity, I should not despair of gaining his -acquiescence at last in this singularly startling paradox, That -it is the duty of every Christian to believe his -neighbour’s word until it is <a name="page15"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 15</span>proved to be false, and to put upon -his conduct, not the least but the most favourable construction -of which it is reasonably capable. Tried by this test, the -personalities of this question would be scattered to the -winds. It might remain to be considered, whether in the -measure of the Government there had been anything of mistake or -miscalculation; whether their hopes had been too sanguine, or -their assertions too positive; but for imputations of malignant -design, of intentional deception, no place whatever could have -been found.</p> -<p>When the opponents of a measure turn aside from the -consideration of its inherent merits, to that of the secret -motives and intentions of its author, the attempt injures their -cause far more than the success of the attempt could aid -it. No man would resort to such an argument, till all else -had been exhausted. And if unhappily such outrages upon -common honour and morality be excused, as here, by the plea of -zeal for religion, it is well if the cause of religion itself do -not suffer by its association with practices so unworthy.</p> -<p><a name="page16"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 16</span>But -even upon the merits of the case my Reviewers are ready to join -issue. I am accused of the grossest ignorance of the facts -involved in the discussion. The <i>Record</i>, refraining -with an unwonted tenderness from the imputation of a more corrupt -motive, or unwilling to expend upon a less formidable enemy any -portion of that artillery which must be reserved entire for the -devoted head of Mr. Rowland Hill, is contented to represent me as -“a respectable man, occupied for the last three months in -reading nothing but the <i>Times</i>,” and an instructive -example of the pernicious influence of its -“suppressions.” <a name="citation16"></a><a -href="#footnote16" class="citation">[16]</a> Now, if the -burden of this charge is a preference of the <i>Times</i> to the -<i>Record</i> as a channel of political information, I must plead -guilty. But, if it be intended, as the context implies, -that I borrowed from that or any other Newspaper the statements -of facts contained in my Letter, I can only reply that the charge -is false. Not one assertion is there made, which was not -obtained by explicit information from what every candid enquirer -<a name="page17"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 17</span>would -regard as the most authentic source. I do not for one -moment hesitate to confess that I regard an official Government -return as better evidence on a question of fact than the -irresponsible publications of a “Lord’s Day -Society.” If the latter informs me that “the -new Sabbath labour already employs a considerably larger number -of men on the Sabbath than was professed by Mr. Hill’s -Minute;” and if I learn from what I must regard as higher -authority that the amount of extra-work to be done on Sundays in -the London Office will, in all probability, be very shortly -reduced to the employment of <i>six</i> persons, and may -ultimately be accomplished even without <i>any</i> such addition, -nay, with an actual <i>diminution</i> of the original number; -while, at the same time, more than one hundred and ninety -persons, who have hitherto performed regular work on Sundays, are -set entirely free, within the London District itself; can I -hesitate which to follow?</p> -<p>But, on other points, the conflict of evidence is less real -than nominal. The Society for Promoting the Observance of -the <a name="page18"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -18</span>Lord’s Day has forwarded to me a table of returns -from its Secretaries and Correspondents, showing the hours of -labour in seventy-three Country Post Offices, both before and -since the recent Order. It is there stated, that, -“putting together all these seventy-three Post Towns, the -aggregate number of additional hours for which the Post Offices -are now closed, does not exceed one hundred and ten hours, being -on an average one hour and a half for each place.” -Even in that document are contained the names of several Towns in -which the relief thus afforded has amounted to four hours of -additional rest on the Sunday. But I will allow, for -argument’s sake, the entire correctness of their -calculations. In seventy-three Country Post Offices the -average of relief amounts but to one hour and a half. The -Government, in the meantime, has received returns, not from -seventy-three, but from upwards of four hundred and eighty Towns, -in which the amount of relief has varied from one half-hour to -seven hours on the Sunday, and the average has amounted to -between three and four hours. Where is the real -inconsistency <a name="page19"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -19</span>of these statements? The Lord’s Day Society, -on a much smaller induction, and with materials (it may be) -carefully selected, arrives at one result; the Government, on -larger and less partial information, presents another. But -in this case again, I ask, can I doubt for one moment which to -follow?</p> -<p>You express some hesitation as to the justice of one statement -contained in my Letter, that the new Regulation involves no -change of principle. <a name="citation19a"></a><a -href="#footnote19a" class="citation">[19a]</a> You consider -that the attendance on Sunday in the London Post Office, whatever -its extent, has been hitherto private and unnoticed, whereas in -future it will be public and notorious. Nor can I deny that -the publicity which has been given to the subject by the recent -agitation has attracted to the proceedings of the Post Office a -degree of public attention to which they were never before -exposed. But the distinction you draw, though I understand -it, seems to me somewhat arbitrary. The attendance of the -twenty-six <a name="citation19b"></a><a href="#footnote19b" -class="citation">[19b]</a> will <i>henceforth</i>, at all events, -be as notorious <a name="page20"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -20</span>as that of the twenty-five, <a name="citation20a"></a><a -href="#footnote20a" class="citation">[20a]</a> or the six. <a -name="citation20b"></a><a href="#footnote20b" -class="citation">[20b]</a> Henceforth, at all events, the -two objects of Sunday attendance will be separated by no such -line of distinction. If the one does not involve publicity, -does not constitute what can fairly be called an opening of the -London Post Office, neither will the other. The Public will -have no admission. The London Public will be unaffected by -the change. As far as London is concerned, the Office will -still be closed. If the former attendance was not enough to -open it, the present Regulation, when the tumult of this -agitation has once subsided, will work no less privately. -If it is otherwise now, whose fault is it?</p> -<p>The Author of the Reply, with singular inconsistency, has thus -disposed of this part of the question. “The Office in -London has been considered as uniformly at rest, and always -spoken of as such by both parties, the slight exceptions being -not of a nature to be cited honestly against that -position.” <a name="citation20c"></a><a -href="#footnote20c" class="citation">[20c]</a> Slight -exceptions! Is this the <a name="page21"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 21</span>same hand which penned the ninth -axiom? <a name="citation21a"></a><a href="#footnote21a" -class="citation">[21a]</a> Twenty-six Post Office clerks, -involved in perils such as he has painted, a slight exception, -not of a nature to be cited honestly! Why then the -twenty-five, or the six, or the gradually vanishing number, of -<i>additional</i> clerks required by the new measure?</p> -<p>Again, you can see no obvious connection between the -additional Sunday labour in London and the additional Sunday rest -in the country Offices. Is it fair, you ask, to append to a -measure of relief a condition of an opposite kind? You -would be the last man in the world, I well know, to impute to me -(even as “an elegant close to a period” <a -name="citation21b"></a><a href="#footnote21b" -class="citation">[21b]</a>) the horrid and impious crime of -“striking a balance with Jehovah” by “offering -Him a lesser sin instead of a greater.” <a -name="citation21c"></a><a href="#footnote21c" -class="citation">[21c]</a> You would not call it a sin in -one member of a family to endeavour to lighten the Sunday labour -of another by the sacrifice of a portion of his own Sunday -leisure. You would not call it a violation of the -consciences of others, or an exchange <a name="page22"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 22</span>of sin for sin, if the Master of a -family proposed to his servants such an equalization of their -Sunday employments. And on the same principle, if there be -any connection between Sunday work in London and Sunday relief in -the country, I cannot admit for one moment that it is a sin to -propose to a clerk in the London Post Office the discharge of a -duty which shall lighten the work elsewhere, not of one, but of -tens and perhaps hundreds, of his fellow-servants; and this, -without forfeiting for himself the opportunity of attending -Divine service twice on the Lord’s Day, with all comfort -and quietness, and with leisure, besides, for reflection and -repose. <a name="citation22a"></a><a href="#footnote22a" -class="citation">[22a]</a> Are domestic servants, to speak -generally, even in Christian families, in a more favourable -position than this for their religious welfare? The Author -of the Reply objects to these “national” views of the -question. With him, “national” is the opposite -of “scriptural” and “spiritual.” <a -name="citation22b"></a><a href="#footnote22b" -class="citation">[22b]</a> He can see nothing but the -individual; the “one Post Office clerk.” He -would deny the <a name="page23"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -23</span>applicability to a nation of the command to “bear -one another’s burdens.” What in a family would -be virtues, in a wider sphere are sins.</p> -<p>Your view, I am persuaded, is not thus microscopic. You -will grant the conclusion, if the premises are established. -Your only doubt is as to the effect of the labour here upon the -labour there. The Government have coupled the burden and -the relief; but is there any real and natural connection? -It was the object of my Letter to indicate, chiefly by references -to Mr. Hill’s Minute, the existence of this -connection. I will not repeat now the obvious statement -that the cessation of the Sunday detention of letters in London -will obviate at once those circuitous methods of communication by -which the detention was formerly evaded, and Sunday labour, in -various ways, materially increased. <a name="citation23"></a><a -href="#footnote23" class="citation">[23]</a> I will rather -select the point to which you particularly direct my -attention. And I would show you, as briefly as possible, -the operation of the new Order in diminishing the amount of -letters <a name="page24"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -24</span>delivered and read, written and posted, in the country -on the Sunday. <a name="citation24"></a><a href="#footnote24" -class="citation">[24]</a></p> -<p>Under the old system, the average number of letters passing -through the London Office was greater by six per cent. on -Saturday than on other days. Why? Because it was -known that the following was a blank post. If not -transmitted before Sunday, they must wait in London throughout -that day. Now the augmentation of letters passing through -London on Saturday caused an augmentation of letters delivered -and read in the country on Sunday. The effect of the new -Regulation is at least to obviate this <i>excess</i>, and to -reduce the Sunday morning delivery in the country to the measure -of an ordinary day. The labours of sorting and of -distribution will be diminished obviously to a proportionate -extent.</p> -<p>Again, the average number of letters passing through London on -Monday was greater, not by six, but by twenty-five per cent., -than on other days. Such letters must have been posted in -the country either on Saturday evening or on Sunday. But <a -name="page25"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 25</span>Saturday -evening, under the old system, was in most Towns a blank post -time. Sunday, therefore, was the day to which the excess -was to be attributed. The knowledge that letters posted on -Saturday evening would lie in London till the Monday, led to a -very general habit of either writing, or at least posting, -letters on the Sunday. The latter habit, equally with the -former, involved a corresponding increase of the Sunday labours -of the country Offices. Under the present system, the -temptation to prefer Sunday for either purpose is removed. -Saturday now offers equal advantages with any other day for -sending letters from the country through London. In the -same degree, the burdens of the country Offices on Sunday are -lightened: the <i>excess</i>, at least, of those burdens, a -marked and heavy excess, above those of common days, is -effectually removed. And, beyond this, the religious -feeling which leads so many to shrink from such an employment of -the Lord’s Day cannot but operate in diminishing the Sunday -occupations (in this respect) of the country Offices even -<i>below</i> <a name="page26"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -26</span>those of other days. Of the actual result, the -relief actually experienced in the provincial Offices, I have -before spoken. <a name="citation26"></a><a href="#footnote26" -class="citation">[26]</a> And it is the cessation of the -Sunday detention—in other words, the introduction of a -Sunday transmission through London—to which, as you have -seen, the result, whatever it be, is strictly and wholly due.</p> -<p>I believe that a similar examination of other details would -establish with equal certainty this connection of cause and -effect between the Regulation itself and the beneficial -result. But, were it otherwise, is it a reasonable demand -that the connection between the different sections of the new -Order should be, in every point, capable of mathematical -demonstration? Is every complex measure to be stigmatized -as a fraud, because its component parts, however perfect their -harmony, do not arise out of each other by a logical -sequence? Might not even an apparently extraneous appendage -(though I am far from regarding this as a just description of any -part of the present Regulation) be accepted <a -name="page27"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 27</span>as at least -an indication of the spirit and object of the framer?</p> -<p>There is yet another point, which has left on your mind, as on -that of others, an unfavourable impression. The attendance -of the additional Clerks on Sunday in the London Post Office is -voluntary. In other words, a man whose conscience forbids -him to attend on the Sunday shall not forfeit his situation by -refusal. Does this imply, on the part of the Government, -any mis-giving as to the lawfulness of the duties proposed? -It merely recognizes the possibility of such scruples, and -extends to them the amplest toleration. That there -<i>are</i> men who would think such attendance wrong, is a matter -of fact: the Government tolerates, though it does not share, the -opinion, and would prevent its operating harshly upon the -fortunes of the conscientious recusant. How loud an outcry, -from the very same quarters, would have followed a system of -<i>compulsion</i>, may be inferred from the strange contradiction -which “closes a period” in the -“Reply.” “He must be a very prejudiced -man who calls the poor <a name="page28"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 28</span>clerk a voluntary agent in the -matter, when he is enticed by a bribe, which his small salary -makes an irresistible temptation, or compelled by the fear of the -loss of his only means of subsistence.” <a -name="citation28"></a><a href="#footnote28" -class="citation">[28]</a> “The poor clerk” is -not threatened with the loss of his subsistence: that he is not, -was urged just now against the authors of the measure as a proof -of conscious guilt or weakness.</p> -<p>But is it not, you ask, too strong a temptation to a man of -infirm religious principles, to offer him a reward for Sunday -labour? Can you expect him to resist the -“bribe?” And if afterwards this voluntary -labour should lie heavily on his conscience, how could you -justify to yourself your own share in his transgression? -Now, if the act proposed be in itself, and of necessity, a sin; -if no consideration of motives or circumstances can justify the -occupation of any portion of the Sunday in the most urgent of -worldly concerns; he, certainly, is deeply guilty, who proposes -it, even with an alternative, to the choice of his -neighbour. But, if this be one of those questions <a -name="page29"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 29</span>on which -God’s Word leaves scope, within certain limits, for the -exercise of an individual judgment; if, in reducing to practical -detail the admitted duty of a religious observance of the Sunday, -one man may conscientiously approve what another no less -conscientiously condemns, and it remains only that “every -man be fully persuaded in his own mind;” then the demand -made by this Regulation upon the candour and courage of those to -whom it offers the work and the wages, is no greater than that -which must daily be encountered by all who labour for their own -bread, and would do so in the fear of God. To none does it -propose, as the Author of the Reply would lead us to imagine, the -surrender of religious instruction and worship, the abandonment -of all opportunity of serious meditation, or the devotion of the -Lord’s Day to the service of a “godless or -thoughtless multitude.” <a name="citation29a"></a><a -href="#footnote29a" class="citation">[29a]</a> On the -contrary, the possibility of such profanation, within the -precincts to which its authority extends, the Order in question -expressly and peremptorily precludes. <a -name="citation29b"></a><a href="#footnote29b" -class="citation">[29b]</a></p> -<p><a name="page30"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 30</span>There -remains, however, on the minds of many, an impression, scarcely -affected by the most conclusive reply to individual objections, -that the result, if not the object, of the late alteration will -be a delivery of letters on the Sunday in London. Hitherto, -it is said, the merchants of London have enjoyed, and have -thought themselves entitled to enjoy, an advantage in this -respect over the merchants of Bristol or of Liverpool. -Letters arriving in London on the Sunday were in their possession -at a far earlier hour on the Monday than that at which they could -reach the hands of their provincial rivals. Can it be -expected that the loss of this advantage will be borne with -patience? Will not an irresistible clamour demand some -compensation? And what can this compensation be, but a -Sunday delivery of letters in London? Now let it be -remembered, in the first place, that the advantage lost by London -is not given to the country. No one pretends to say that by -means of the Sunday transmission through London the provincial -merchant will receive his letters <i>earlier</i> than the -metropolitan. <a name="page31"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -31</span>The injury complained of is at last but equality. -The complaint rests only on the supposition that the London -merchant has a right to an <i>advantage</i> over his provincial -competitor. And, if this advantage has been once lost; if -the claim to superiority has once been set aside; if the -interests of every country merchant throughout England are now -concerned in preventing its restoration; may it not be expected -that the clamours of London for the reestablishment of inequality -will be balanced by the clamours of the provinces for the -maintenance of equality? But, again, from what quarter -shall we expect the demand for a Sunday delivery in London? -The merchants of London have pledged themselves, by the terms of -their late remonstrances, to the principle of Sunday -observance. They have availed themselves of the -<i>religious</i> argument in their recent agitation. They -have urged the sacred right of every Englishman to his seventh -day of rest. Is it to be supposed, that they who have -resisted, on religious grounds, the slightest possible -interference with the completeness <a name="page32"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 32</span>of the Sabbatical rest, are prepared -now to revenge their disappointment by clamouring for a wide and -sweeping desecration? If any examples of so lamentable an -inconsistency should unhappily be presented, nothing more can be -required, as an exposure of the <i>new</i> agitation, than a -reference to the recorded principles of the old.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p>I have now discharged, however imperfectly, the task imposed -upon me by circumstances which I must still deplore. -Earnestly, most earnestly, do I desire the thankful and reverent -observance of the Lord’s Day, with which I believe our -national as well as individual welfare to be closely, inseparably -linked. Deeply do I lament the condition of those weary and -comfortless labourers, who are cut off from the inestimable -blessings to be derived from its holy rest. It is because I -believe that many of the provincial officers of our national Post -Office are involved in this calamity, and that the present -measure contemplates, and in part effects, their <a -name="page33"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 33</span>emancipation, -that I have condemned the blind hostility with which it has been -assailed, and laboured to expose the misrepresentations by which -that hostility has been fostered.</p> -<p>While, however, the late alteration has been, in my opinion, a -measure of relief, for which many will have cause to be thankful, -it is not a final measure. The Government itself has not so -regarded it. Other measures of Sunday relief have followed -and are following it in quick succession. Already the order -is given for the final closing (as a general rule) of every -country Post Office on the Sunday, at ten o’clock in the -morning. I have intimated in my former Letter the -particular hopes which I entertain of a still further reform. <a -name="citation33"></a><a href="#footnote33" -class="citation">[33]</a> I do not <a -name="page34"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 34</span>despair of -the arrival of a day when every Post Office throughout England -and Wales shall have followed yet more completely the example of -the Post Office of London; when the ordinary delivery of letters -shall be totally suspended every where on the Sunday, while at -the same time, from a due regard to the infinite necessities of a -great country in an advanced stage of civilization, the sanctity -of the day of rest is not so interpreted as to shorten -practically by one the six days of labour. To this extent, -at least, my own hopes and wishes are carried. If it should -prove that even more than this can safely be attempted; that the -transmission, as well as the delivery, of letters may from the -Saturday to the Monday be suspended; far be it from me to raise a -finger in hindrance of so unexpected, yet theoretically so -desirable, a result. Let me only express a hope, that, if -this demand be seriously urged upon the attention of the -Government and the Legislature, it may not be made in a spirit -which must rouse the just indignation of those to whom it is -addressed, <a name="page35"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -35</span>while it alienates the sympathy of every candid and -reasonable mind.</p> -<p style="text-align: center">Believe me, my dear Sir,</p> -<p style="text-align: right">Yours very truly,</p> -<p style="text-align: right">C. J. VAUGHAN.</p> -<p><span class="smcap">Lapworth Rectory</span>,<br /> - <i>December</i> -29, 1849.</p> -<h2><a name="page36"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 36</span><i>By -the Same Author</i>.</h2> -<p>SERMONS, chiefly Parochial. 8vo. 1845.</p> -<p>SERMONS, preached in the Chapel of Harrow School. -8vo. 1847.</p> -<p>NINE SERMONS, preached for the most part in the Chapel of -Harrow School. 12mo. 1849.</p> - -<div class="gapshortdoubleline"> </div> -<p>AN EARNEST APPEAL to the Master and Seniors of Trinity -College, Cambridge, on the Revision of the Statutes. By -<span class="smcap">Two of the Fellows</span>. 8vo. -1840.</p> -<h2>FOOTNOTES.</h2> -<p><a name="footnote1"></a><a href="#citation1" -class="footnote">[1]</a> Lest another inference should -possibly be drawn, it is right to state that this Letter (like -the former) is addressed to no one whose name is known to the -Public.</p> -<p><a name="footnote5a"></a><a href="#citation5a" -class="footnote">[5a]</a> Reply to Dr. Vaughan’s -Letter on the late Post Office Agitation. By the Rev. J. R. -Pears, M.A., Master of the Bath Grammar School.</p> -<p><a name="footnote5b"></a><a href="#citation5b" -class="footnote">[5b]</a> Reply, page 10.</p> -<p><a name="footnote7"></a><a href="#citation7" -class="footnote">[7]</a> Parochial Sermons, page 291.</p> -<p><a name="footnote8a"></a><a href="#citation8a" -class="footnote">[8a]</a> MS. Sermon, preached in the -Chapel of Harrow School, Nov. 11, 1849.</p> -<p><a name="footnote8b"></a><a href="#citation8b" -class="footnote">[8b]</a> The Lord’s Day.</p> -<p><a name="footnote11a"></a><a href="#citation11a" -class="footnote">[11a]</a> Reply, page 21.</p> -<p><a name="footnote11b"></a><a href="#citation11b" -class="footnote">[11b]</a> Reply, page 16, &c.</p> -<p><a name="footnote12"></a><a href="#citation12" -class="footnote">[12]</a> Reply, page 19.</p> -<p><a name="footnote13a"></a><a href="#citation13a" -class="footnote">[13a]</a> The <i>Record</i>, December 3, -1849.</p> -<p><a name="footnote13b"></a><a href="#citation13b" -class="footnote">[13b]</a> Reply, page 19.</p> -<p><a name="footnote13c"></a><a href="#citation13c" -class="footnote">[13c]</a> Reply, page 4.</p> -<p><a name="footnote13d"></a><a href="#citation13d" -class="footnote">[13d]</a> Letter to the Hon. Grantley F. -Berkeley, on the Delivery of Letters on the Lord’s -Day. By the Rev. J. R. Pears, M.A.</p> -<p><a name="footnote13e"></a><a href="#citation13e" -class="footnote">[13e]</a> Ibid, page 10.</p> -<p><a name="footnote14"></a><a href="#citation14" -class="footnote">[14]</a> Reply, pages 12, 20.</p> -<p><a name="footnote16"></a><a href="#citation16" -class="footnote">[16]</a> The <i>Record</i>, as above.</p> -<p><a name="footnote19a"></a><a href="#citation19a" -class="footnote">[19a]</a> Letter I. page 8.</p> -<p><a name="footnote19b"></a><a href="#citation19b" -class="footnote">[19b]</a> Letter I. Note 7, page -8.</p> -<p><a name="footnote20a"></a><a href="#citation20a" -class="footnote">[20a]</a> Letter I. page 7.</p> -<p><a name="footnote20b"></a><a href="#citation20b" -class="footnote">[20b]</a> See above, page 17.</p> -<p><a name="footnote20c"></a><a href="#citation20c" -class="footnote">[20c]</a> Reply, page 18.</p> -<p><a name="footnote21a"></a><a href="#citation21a" -class="footnote">[21a]</a> See above, page 14. Reply, -page 13.</p> -<p><a name="footnote21b"></a><a href="#citation21b" -class="footnote">[21b]</a> Reply, page 7.</p> -<p><a name="footnote21c"></a><a href="#citation21c" -class="footnote">[21c]</a> Reply, page 6.</p> -<p><a name="footnote22a"></a><a href="#citation22a" -class="footnote">[22a]</a> Letter I. pages 7, 8.</p> -<p><a name="footnote22b"></a><a href="#citation22b" -class="footnote">[22b]</a> Reply, page 8.</p> -<p><a name="footnote23"></a><a href="#citation23" -class="footnote">[23]</a> Letter I. note 8, page 10.</p> -<p><a name="footnote24"></a><a href="#citation24" -class="footnote">[24]</a> Letter I. note 10, pages 11, -12.</p> -<p><a name="footnote26"></a><a href="#citation26" -class="footnote">[26]</a> Letter I. page 13. See -above, page 18.</p> -<p><a name="footnote28"></a><a href="#citation28" -class="footnote">[28]</a> Reply, page 19.</p> -<p><a name="footnote29a"></a><a href="#citation29a" -class="footnote">[29a]</a> Reply, pages 13, 14.</p> -<p><a name="footnote29b"></a><a href="#citation29b" -class="footnote">[29b]</a> Letter I. pages 7, 8.</p> -<p><a name="footnote33"></a><a href="#citation33" -class="footnote">[33]</a> Letter I. page 12. Nor is -it perhaps altogether presumptuous to express a hope that the -unrestricted <i>transmission</i> of letters on the Sunday may -eventually be followed by an equally general <i>suspension</i> of -their <i>delivery</i>; by which London and the country would be -placed, in this respect, on a footing of perfect equality; the -due observance of the Sunday being alike in both secured, with no -injurious consequences, in either, to the business of the -following day.</p> -<pre> - - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SECOND LETTER ON THE LATE POST -OFFICE AGITATION*** - - -***** This file should be named 63753-h.htm or 63753-h.zip****** - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/3/7/5/63753 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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