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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a92bc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #65372 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/65372) diff --git a/old/65372-0.txt b/old/65372-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index db2bd12..0000000 --- a/old/65372-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1008 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Allen County War Memorial Coliseum, by -Otto H. Adams - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: The Allen County War Memorial Coliseum - -Author: Otto H. Adams - -Release Date: May 18, 2021 [eBook #65372] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading - Team at https://www.pgdp.net - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ALLEN COUNTY WAR MEMORIAL -COLISEUM *** - - - - - THE ALLEN COUNTY WAR MEMORIAL COLISEUM - - - An address delivered before the Quest Club by Otto H. Adams, November - 6, 1953, at the Chamber of Commerce, Fort Wayne, Indiana - - - Prepared by the Staff of the - Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County - 1954 - - [Illustration: Boards of the Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen - County] - -One of a historical series, this pamphlet is published under the -direction of the governing Boards of the Public Library of Fort Wayne -and Allen County. - - BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE SCHOOL CITY OF FORT WAYNE - - _Mrs. Sadie Fulk Roehrs_ - _B.F. Geyer, President_ - _Joseph E. Kramer, Secretary_ - _W. Page Yarnelle, Treasurer_ - _Willard Shambaugh_ - - PUBLIC LIBRARY BOARD FOR ALLEN COUNTY - -The members of this Board include the members of the Board of Trustees -of the School City of Fort Wayne (with the same officers) together with -the following citizens chosen from Allen County outside the corporate -City of Fort Wayne: - - _James E. Graham_ - _Arthur Niemeier_ - _Mrs. Glenn Henderson_ - _Mrs. Charles Reynolds_ - - - - - FOREWORD - - -The story of the Allen County War Memorial Coliseum began ten years ago. -The progression of events between the first consideration of the -memorial in 1944 and its completion in 1952 was by no means smooth and -uninterrupted. The account of the solution of the problems involved in -planning, financing, and constructing the memorial constitutes a -community accomplishment. - -The source material for this publication originated in a speech -delivered by Otto H. Adams at a meeting of the Quest Club, November 6, -1953. Mr. Adams, recently elected president of the Coliseum Board of -Trustees, reviewed the history of the Coliseum and discussed its value -to city and county in his paper entitled “Coliseum—Asset or Liability?” -James R. Fleming, the past president of the Board of Trustees, A. M. -Strauss, the architect, and Don L. Myers, the coliseum manager, have -supplied supplementary information. - -The Boards and the Staff of the Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen -County present this pamphlet in the hope that it will interest and -inform the citizens of Allen County. - - -In 1944 the Fort Wayne Junior Chamber of Commerce first proposed the -construction of a coliseum as a memorial to the men and women of Allen -County who had lost their lives in both World Wars. Such a structure was -envisioned as serving a twofold purpose; it would honor our heroic dead -and would greatly increase recreational facilities. A Russell Sage -Foundation study was made after World War II; the report indicates a -definite trend among memorial planners to erect “living memorials,” -which serve the people while honoring their heroes, rather than -ornamental arches, statues, and monuments. The Foundation believes that -this trend is commendable and hails it as a “triumph of common sense -over sentimentalism.” Contemporary opinion seems to be that construction -of a useful memorial in no way detracts from the honor paid to the dead. -On the contrary, it is felt that the utility of the monument -demonstrates our regard for them more forcibly by benefiting that -society for which they died. - -The members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce conducted a survey of city -residents and concluded that 78 per cent were in favor of the proposed -coliseum. Two independent occurrences in 1944 added impetus to the -movement. First, Psi Iota Xi Sorority sponsored an analysis of -recreational facilities estimated to be needed by the city for a -twenty-year period. The sorority submitted to the mayor a plan drawn up -by Elwood Allen and George Nesbitt of the National Recreation -Association. A memorial field house was one of the major recommendations -of the plan. A memorial honoring General Anthony Wayne, the founder of -the city, was also proposed in 1944. This memorial, too, was envisioned -as a practical structure, and a field house was one of the suggestions. -Both state and national funds could be employed to construct an Anthony -Wayne memorial. - -The Junior Chamber of Commerce survey determined that popular opinion -supported the project. Accordingly, that association hired Mr. Allen, -who had drawn up general recreational plans for Fort Wayne, to make a -further investigation of possible sites and building plans. It was -immediately evident that a coliseum would be a costly construction; the -cost would probably exceed two million dollars. The acquisition of funds -was the first problem that had to be solved. James R. Fleming presided -over the meeting at which the survey results were first discussed. He -suggested building a coliseum as a memorial both to the dead of the two -World Wars and to Anthony Wayne. He believed that financial aid could be -obtained from the federal government in this way. - -Despite general popular sentiment in Allen County favoring the erection -of a coliseum, the planners faced and overcame many obstacles before -their dream became a reality. In 1945 plans were announced for a sports -arena, which was to be built by private enterprise in the Quimby Village -area. Had these plans been realized, the sports arena would have been in -direct competition with the Memorial Coliseum. The next impediment was -in the form of objections to the proposed site; the residents of the -Lawton Park area, which was the first site recommended, were vocal in -their opposition. - -Since at least a portion of the cost of a coliseum would be financed by -property taxes, in 1946 it was decided to submit the question to the -electorate of Allen County in the form of a referendum. After the county -commissioners had agreed to place the question on the ballot, the Junior -Chamber of Commerce organized and carried out an extensive publicity -campaign to secure public approval. The War Memorial Commission, a group -organized with the encouragement of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, -assumed responsibility for the planning and co-ordination of the -campaign. Don Myers was elected chairman. Conventional advertising media -were utilized: newspapers, radio broadcasts, direct mail, and bus -placards. In addition, public attention was dramatically captured by -dropping thousands of leaflets over the city from a plane and by holding -a torchlight parade on election eve. A special appeal was made to high -school students. Commission speakers addressed student assemblies and -explained how the coliseum could enlarge school sports programs. Buttons -in school colors, advertising the coliseum, were distributed at football -games, and publicity appeared in school newspapers. Although the -planning of this well-integrated program must be credited to the War -Memorial Commission, the Junior Chamber of Commerce continued to give -active support and co-operated to carry out all phases of the fight. - - [Illustration: Memorial Hall.] - -Both major political parties endorsed the issue. The chairmen of the -Democratic and Republican central committees signed a joint statement -which advocated voting “yes” on a project that would benefit every -person in Allen County. The average annual cost to the taxpayer would be -only fifty-five cents, it was stated. Many civic organizations pledged -their support. The Zollner Pistons played an exhibition game and donated -all proceeds to the War Memorial Commission. The check for $1,700 was -used for publicity to win the support of the voters. The Civic Theatre -also gave a benefit performance for the cause. The Fort Wayne Civic -Association paid for advertisements explaining the benefits of the -proposed coliseum. - -About this time, fearing that the sports arena function of the coliseum -was being overemphasized, the president of the Junior Chamber of -Commerce reiterated its primary purpose: “War memorials should be for -the living, not for the dead alone. The living must be enabled to derive -a spiritual lift from them. There must be a shrine to which one may go -to commune with the missing and to pay tribute to the returned. A mere -building does not serve this purpose. The true memorial building has a -heart, a focal point. Some symbol within it must tell why the building -was built, and this must be the center of interest.” - -The results of the referendum of November 6, 1946, must have gratified -the commission; that organization had endeavored to stimulate the public -interest and approval and had succeeded admirably. The vote was five to -one in favor of floating a bond issue to finance the memorial. - -After the first World War, a law had been passed by the state -legislature permitting the county councils to issue bonds for memorial -purposes to the extent of ½ per cent of the total property valuation of -the county. Based on the property valuation of Allen County in 1947, -this proportion would have been approximately one and one-half million -dollars, but it was evident that the cost of the proposed coliseum would -far exceed this amount. Public subscription and federal aid were among -the several sources considered for obtaining the additional funds -necessary to build the structure. But these auxiliary sources were -discarded in favor of raising the ceiling of bonded indebtedness. A -change in the statute was proposed. A bill was formulated and sponsored -by the American Legion legislative committee. The War Memorial -Commission warmly praised Robert Gaskill, chairman of the legislative -committee, for his valuable assistance. The bill was enacted, and in -March, 1947, Governor Ralph F. Gates signed the amended law increasing -the ceiling from ½ per cent to 1 per cent of the assessable property in -the county. - -The majority of the voters of Allen County gave their support to the -planners of the War Memorial Coliseum and were eager to have the -preliminary work completed and the construction begun. But a small -minority argued that increasing the indebtedness of the county was -unjustifiable and that the Coliseum would impose too heavy a burden on -the taxpayer. Some members of the minority attempted to thwart the -coliseum plans; they contended that the law permitted the county to -issue bonds for only one memorial and that Fort Wayne already had a -memorial in Memorial Park. Both contentions were correct; if that -memorial had really been built with funds secured from a county bond -issue, it would have been illegal to finance the Coliseum by that means. -Investigation disclosed that the theory that the old memorial was paid -for by the county could not be substantiated. Apparently, funds were -secured largely through the generous donations of individuals and were -augmented by public subscription. Again the commission turned to the -Indiana General Assembly, and this time the legislature unanimously -passed a bill declaring a bond issue for a memorial coliseum legal. - -The passage of the bill raising the amount of the bond issue assured -approximately three million dollars for the memorial. The first decision -facing the county commissioners thereafter was the final selection of a -site. On May 19, 1947, a joint meeting of the commissioners and the War -Memorial Commission heard Elwood Allen recommend the Municipal Beach -area. Mr. Allen cited the following sound reasons for his choice: the -tract is well drained, high, and adequate in size to allow for future -expansion; at the present time, two thirds of the rural population of -Allen County have easy access to it; within the next few decades the -center of population probably will shift toward the north of the city. - -For a brief period there was some dissension between the county -commissioners and the War Memorial Commission. The members of the -commission had accomplished much of the preliminary work and felt that -the commissioners were not giving sufficient consideration to their -recommendations. Legally, the commissioners had the power of final -decision; as elected officials they could not delegate authority to -another group. The commissioners realized that any rift between the -groups would be detrimental to the progress of the Coliseum; therefore, -they offered the War Memorial Commission the status of “a public body to -advise and counsel with” them. The commission unanimously accepted this -proposal, and full accord was re-established between the two groups. The -commission set up a planning committee to work in close co-operation -with the commissioners and with Alvin M. Strauss, the architect for the -Coliseum. - -In April, 1948, the planning committee and the county commissioners -scheduled a special meeting and invited representatives from -thirty-three civic, fraternal, and labor organizations. Mr. Strauss -presented his original plans which called for an expenditure of four -million dollars. He also announced the retention of Elwood Allen, who -had made preliminary surveys, as recreational consultant. - - [Illustration: the Sports Arena.] - -At this meeting the question of the proper seating capacity arose. The -president of the Fort Wayne Federation of Labor, E. Robert Leach, -speaking for his organization, advocated fifteen thousand seats to -accommodate Fort Wayne’s anticipated population growth. But the business -manager of the Zollner teams, Carl Bennett, expressed the opinion, based -on his individual experience, that a far smaller capacity would suffice. -If the capacity should consistently prove greater than the need, the -Coliseum would burden the taxpayers for maintenance costs. On the other -hand, the Coliseum should be adequate in size to accommodate larger -audiences as the population increased over the years. In order to ensure -the most authoritative professional opinion, the commissioners consulted -the New Buildings Consulting Board of the International Association of -Auditorium Managers. After conferring with that board the commissioners -agreed on a capacity of ten thousand. Judging from past attendance -records in Fort Wayne, it was decided that this size would be more than -adequate for most events but would not create an extravagant community -white elephant. The Memorial Hall was also discussed during this time. -The War Memorial Commission appointed a committee of five clergymen to -work with the architect in planning this important room. It was to be -impressive and dignified. - -The War Memorial Act provides that the Coliseum shall be supervised by a -five-man board of which no more than three members may be affiliated -with the same political party. The board members shall serve without -remuneration. Appointed for a four-year term, they may be re-appointed -at the end of that period. The terms are staggered so that all do not -expire in any one year. Three members shall be appointed by the county -commissioners; two by the circuit judge. The original board, appointed -in June, 1949, consisted of Otto H. Adams, James R. Fleming, Chester V. -Kimmell, Ramon S. Perry, and Alfred L. Randall. It was the -responsibility of the board to supervise the construction and the -operation of the building. - -In December, 1949, the general construction contract was awarded to the -Hagerman Construction Company, who submitted the low bid of $1,959,921. -Bids were also accepted for the heating and plumbing, electricity, -seating, sewerage, ice floor and refrigeration, and lockers. In each -case the low bid was accepted, and the aggregate amount was under the -three million dollar limit. All the awards were made tentatively, -pending the issuance of bonds. - -In January, 1950, the commissioners announced that the bid of the -Chicago National Bank had been accepted for the bond issue. The bank -formed a syndicate with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner, and Beane; the -Mercantile Commerce Bank and Trust Company; Harris Hall and Company, -Incorporated; and the Fletcher Trust Company. A representative of the -Chicago banking house said that the excellent credit and tax collection -record of Allen County made the $27,445 premium possible. The interest -rate is 1½ per cent. - -At long last the finances were arranged, the architect’s plans were -approved, and the contracts were awarded; now construction could begin. -On January 24, 1950, just three weeks after the bond issue had been -floated, the ground-breaking ceremony took place. Chester V. Kimmel, -then chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Coliseum, presided. All -county commissioners and trustees were present, and representatives of -various veterans and civic organizations attended. The cornerstone was -laid in November, 1951. In the spring of 1952, the massive structure was -nearly completed. On Memorial Day the Allen County Council of Veterans -Organizations held a flag-raising ceremony to mark the initiation of the -final phase of construction. - -Meanwhile, the Board of Trustees began the arduous task of compiling -complete and accurate lists of the deceased in order that the names -might be inscribed on the plaques in the Memorial Hall. No official list -was available. Otto H. Adams, the secretary of the Board of Trustees, -searched the records of the War Department and the veterans -organizations. The completed list was published in both Fort Wayne -newspapers; relatives and friends were earnestly requested to notify the -board of any corrections or omissions. The roll of honor listed the -names of 643 men and women. The total has since been increased by the -casualties of the Korean conflict. - - [Illustration: the entrance to the Memorial Hall.] - -The Board of Trustees had the responsibility of choosing a manager for -the Coliseum. The duties of the manager were to include the -administration and operation of the building, the supervision of -personnel, and the scheduling of events. The choice fell upon Don Myers, -who had been a most active promoter of the Coliseum since its inception. -The NEWS SENTINEL published an editorial commending the choice and -praising Mr. Myers: “When others insisted that it probably could not be -done, he kept insisting that it could be done and that he for one wasn’t -going to give up trying. He didn’t. He kept talking about the Memorial -Coliseum night and day, week in and week out.” Mr. Myers has proved an -able manager; his work has won him recognition in his profession, and he -was awarded the trophy at the Auditorium Operators Convention for his -outstanding record during the 1952-53 season. - -During the construction period two changes occurred on the Board of -Trustees. Ramon S. Perry’s term expired, and Chester V. Kimmel, the -chairman, resigned to go to India under the Point Four Program. James R. -Fleming, who had served on the board since its beginning, was elected -chairman. Ellison L. Meier and Elmer Kolmerten were appointed to fill -the vacancies. - -The War Memorial Coliseum was completed in September, 1952. Nearly eight -years had elapsed since the Junior Chamber of Commerce had conceived the -idea of erecting a suitable memorial to the war dead of Allen County. -The men who had worked unremittingly through those years were amply -rewarded when the building was opened by impressive dedicatory services. - -The dedication program was preceded by a parade in which bands from all -the city and county high schools and representatives from twenty-four -county veterans organizations participated. The Great Lakes Naval -Training Center Band opened the ceremony. The Aeolian Choir of the -General Electric Company sang “America, the Beautiful” and “The Battle -Hymn of the Republic.” Lewis K. Gough, the National Commander of the -American Legion, delivered the principal address and said in part: “This -is the hallowed hall of heroes ... this Memorial Coliseum, a living -memorial to our sons and daughters, our brothers and sisters, our -fathers and our dear friends who served their God and their country with -the last full measure of devotion.” - - [Illustration: Recreation and entertainment] - -The Coliseum is a remarkable structure. Mr. Strauss has stated that a -great many architectural problems had to be solved in planning the -edifice. The necessarily massive size and isolated location might have -resulted in an ill-proportioned and bulky building. Fortunately, the -judicious adaptation of a contemporary modern style by the architects -has achieved a dignified building that is both functional and beautiful. -By placing the ramps between the levels on the exterior, Mr. Strauss -succeeded in overcoming bulky appearance. The ramps modify a bluff -façade of high vertical walls and soften the relationship between the -bulk of the mass and the adjacent ground area. - -The exterior of the octagonal building is brick and Indiana limestone. -The bricks are in three different hues to provide variation in the broad -expanse of the walls. Ten rigid steel frames support the roof. Each -frame weighs 70 tons and has a clear span of 239 feet—a longer span than -any other single-welded rigid framework ever erected in the United -States. The dimensions of the Coliseum are impressive: 425 feet in -length, 300 feet in width, and 87 feet in height from the floor of the -main arena. - -One problem in the construction of a great building arises from -discrepancies in the rates of expansion and contraction of various -materials used. In the Coliseum the concrete seating construction is -attached to the steel frame of the building by a device operating on the -principle of a hinge. It is so designed that when the steel and concrete -expand at different coefficients, the hinge moves to adjust to the -disparity. Careful consideration has been given to facilitating the -ingress and egress of spectators. The upper main seating area is served -by sixteen vomitory entrances, and the lower arena by four. The multiple -entrances make it possible to empty the building very rapidly after each -performance and are an important safety factor in case of emergency. - - [Illustration: one of the ten rigid steel frames which support the - building.] - -As the president of the Junior Chamber of Commerce had promised in the -earliest plans for the Coliseum, the memorial to the war dead is the -focal point of the building. The main entrance on the north leads -directly to the Memorial Hall. Five cast aluminum heads have been placed -on the exterior of the building above the windows of the hall. These -heads symbolize the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, and Air -Force. The interior of the august hall measures seventy-five feet in -length and thirty feet in width. Four kinds of marble are used in the -decoration: French Notre Dame for the background, English Renfrew for -the inserts, Italian Red Levanto for the platform, and Spanish Bois -Jourdan for the door panels. Two bronze plaques, one at either end of -the hall, list the casualties of Allen County beneath the following -inscription: “This Coliseum is dedicated as a living memorial in honor -of these men and women who gave their lives in World Wars I and II of -the nation so that we might live.” - -The Sports Arena has an area of approximately 25,000 square feet. There -are 7,250 permanent seats in the upper seating area, and additional -temporary seats can be erected to bring the total capacity to 10,500. -The windowless room is lighted by a battery of 220 one-thousand watt -lamps. The concrete floor is inlaid with almost ten miles of pipe -through which brine is pumped to form ice on the floor. A layer of ice -from three eighths to three fourths of an inch thick freezes in twelve -hours. After an ice show or a hockey game the ice is thawed to slush and -scraped into a large pit to melt and drain away. A portable basketball -floor can then be installed; the floor consists of 214 four by eight -feet sections which can be joined by means of an electric screw driver -in two hours. For theatrical or musical productions a portable stage is -erected. - -Two notable features in the arena are the electric scoreboard and the -organ. The first was purchased for the Coliseum by Wolf and Dessauer at -a cost of $30,000 and is one of the finest existing scoreboards in the -country. Spectators in every section of the arena can easily read one of -its four faces. Mrs. Ida Dick of the Dick Piano and Organ Company -donated the organ in memory of her husband. - - [Illustration: a southwest view of the Coliseum showing the entrance - to the Exhibition Hall.] - -The Exhibition Hall occupies the lower level of the building and covers -an acre and a quarter in area. The hall provides ideal accommodations -for agricultural and industrial exhibits such as the 4-H Club Fair and -the Automobile Show. Because the level has its own separate box office, -lobby, and concession stand, events can be scheduled concurrently with -those in the Sports Arena without interference. Ramps connect the two -levels. - -The Coliseum has brought many benefits to Fort Wayne. Local -organizations have better facilities for their activities. For example, -the 4-H Clubs held their annual fair in the Exhibition Hall and were -untroubled by uncertainties of weather. Recently, the Board of Trustees -leased sixteen acres adjacent to the building to this group. The Boy -Scouts served 1,500 guests at their annual recognition dinner in the -Coliseum. During the Christmas season, the Christ Child Festival is held -there. Now the regional high school basketball tournaments can be held -in Fort Wayne. - -An important benefit arises from the major sports events and appearances -of famous entertainers. The stars of stage and screen and of the world -of sports bring many visitors to Fort Wayne; increased business results -for the merchants and the hotel and restaurant owners. Sports announcers -and reviewers give much favorable publicity to Fort Wayne because of our -fine Coliseum. Thus, the Coliseum, besides honoring the war dead of the -community, is a great asset to the citizens of the community. The -building admirably fulfills the dual role of a “living memorial.” - - [Illustration: Otto H. Adams] - - - - - OTTO H. ADAMS - - -Otto H. Adams was one of the first appointees to the War Memorial -Commission, which was organized in 1946 to plan a coliseum. He served as -a member until the commission was superseded by the Coliseum Board of -Trustees; he was then appointed to this official governing body. In -January, 1954, he was elected president of the board; previously he had -been vice-president and secretary. - -The son of William C. and Sophia (Felger) Adams, Otto Adams was born -June 5, 1894, in Allen County, Indiana. After completing secondary -school, he continued his education at the Indiana University Extension -Center in Fort Wayne. For a number of years Mr. Adams was employed by -the Indiana Service Corporation. In 1939 he was named General -Superintendent of City Utilities; and from 1943 to 1947 he served as -City Controller. In 1947 he accepted his present position as controller -at Zollner Machine Works, Incorporated. - -The United Commercial Travelers elected Mr. Adams “Man of the Year” in -1952 in recognition of his record of community leadership. An editorial -in the FORT WAYNE NEWS-SENTINEL on February 9, 1953, commented: “The -long-time Fort Wayne civic leader has so many notable facets of -achievement in civic leadership, charitable endeavor, and generally -unselfish service to his credit that it is virtually impossible to -enumerate them all.” - -Otto Adams served as chairman of the Allen County Chapter of the -National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis for seven years. He has -served on the directorates of numerous civic organizations, including -the Fort Wayne Chamber of Commerce, the Allen County Chapter of the -American Red Cross, and the Y.M.C.A. He has held office as president of -the Lakeside Northeast Community Association and as treasurer of the -Anthony Wayne Council of Boy Scouts. He was also a member of the -organizing committee of the United Fund. Long associated with the -Republican party in Fort Wayne, he has been treasurer of the Allen -County Republican Central Committee since 1950. - -A veteran of World War I, Otto Adams is active in the American Legion. -He is a Mason and is a member of the Quest Club and the Elks. He attends -the Trinity English Lutheran Church. Mr. Adams is married and is the -father of four children. - - - - - JAMES R. FLEMING - - -James R. Fleming was elected president of the Board of Trustees of the -Coliseum in 1952 prior to the dedication of the building. He retained -that post until January, 1954. His term of office included a rather -critical and very successful period in the operation of the Coliseum. - -James R. Fleming was born November 8, 1881, in Henry County, Indiana; -his parents were George R. and Sarah (Cummins) Fleming. He completed his -elementary and secondary education in local schools and was awarded the -degree of Bachelor of Law at the University of Michigan in 1904. - -After graduation the young lawyer began his practice at Portland, -Indiana, where he was soon elected Prosecuting Attorney for Jay County. -He was later elected to the Indiana General Assembly and served several -years both in the lower house and in the state senate. In 1933 President -Roosevelt appointed Mr. Fleming United States Attorney for the Northern -District of Indiana. Many notorious criminals then operated in this -area; James Fleming held office between 1933 and 1941 and successfully -prosecuted many of these gangsters. - -At present Mr. Fleming is engaged in the practice of law in Fort Wayne. -He is chairman of the board, co-publisher, and treasurer of the FORT -WAYNE JOURNAL-GAZETTE; he serves as president and treasurer of Erie -Materials, Incorporated, and Erie Ready-Mix Concrete, Incorporated, and -the director and general counsel for the Sheller Manufacturing -Corporation and its subsidiaries. - -In addition to his professional and business interests, Mr. Fleming is -active in many civic and social organizations. As a director of the Fort -Wayne Chamber of Commerce, he became interested in the earliest coliseum -plans. His work in advancing this project was publicly recognized in -1949, and he was appointed to the original Board of Trustees. - - [Illustration: James R. Fleming] - -He has also been a director of the Fort Wayne Art School, the Fort Wayne -Civic Symphony, the Fort Wayne Community Concert Association, the Fort -Wayne Civic Association, the Fort Wayne Musical Society, and the Fort -Wayne and Indiana Presbyterian Foundations. He is a member of the -American, Federal, Indiana, and Allen County Bar Associations; the -Indiana and the Allen County Historical Societies; the Indiana Society -of Chicago; the Fort Wayne Country Club; the Masons; and the Elks. Mr. -Fleming is also an active member of the First Presbyterian Church of -Fort Wayne. He is married and is the father of two children. - - [Illustration: Don L. Myers] - - - - - DON L. MYERS - - -Don L. Myers was chosen manager of the War Memorial Coliseum in 1951 -prior to the completion of the edifice; he continues in that capacity at -the present time. Wide recognition has been accorded him; he was awarded -a trophy by the International Association of Auditorium Managers for his -efficient and successful management during the 1952-1953 season. - -Mr. Myers was born in Wolcottville, Indiana, February 12, 1914. He -accompanied his family to Fort Wayne in 1929, attended North Side High -School, and graduated in 1931. His first positions were in sales -promotion and hotel work; during World War II he was employed in the -essential steel industry. He was sales manager for the V. R. Myers Pump -Supply Company before his appointment as manager of the Coliseum. - -In 1942 Don Myers joined the Fort Wayne Junior Chamber of Commerce and -was soon an active member. Through his associations in the “Jaycees,” he -became a proponent of the Coliseum. Mr. Myers assisted in the -formulation of the initial plans for the memorial, and when the War -Memorial Commission was organized to execute the plans, he was chosen -president. Later, when the memorial building was under construction, he -was elected to the Allen County Council. As a councilman, he used his -opportunities to expedite the progress of the Coliseum. Don Myers is a -member of the First Baptist Church. He is married and is the father of -two children. - - - - - ALVIN M. STRAUSS - - -The Commissioners of Allen County selected A. M. Strauss, Incorporated, -to design the War Memorial Coliseum because of the notable achievements -of the firm and because that architectural corporation could complete -all phases of structural planning. Thus, the need for employing -architects from other cities would be obviated. - -Alvin M. Strauss, born April 8, 1895, at Kendallville, Indiana, was the -son of Abraham and Frieda Strauss. After the completion of his secondary -education in the city of his birth in 1912, he was employed for several -years in architectural offices in Fort Wayne and Chicago. His career was -interrupted during the first World War by military service. Following -his discharge in 1918, Mr. Strauss returned to Fort Wayne and opened his -own office of architectural consultants. Mechanical, electrical, and -structural engineering personnel were added to the staff in the 1940’s. -The firm was incorporated in 1950 under the name of A. M. Strauss, -Incorporated. - -Mr. Strauss is a director of the Indiana Society of Architects and a -member of the state Architects’ Registration Board. In addition to these -professional organizations, he is a member of the Jewish Federation, the -Executives Club, the Elks Lodge, and the Fort Wayne Country Club. He is -married and resides at 1220 Illsley Drive. - - - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - -—Silently corrected a few typos. - -—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook - is public-domain in the country of publication. - -—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by - _underscores_. - - - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ALLEN COUNTY WAR MEMORIAL -COLISEUM *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. 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} -dl.biblio dt.center { margin-left:0em; text-align:center; text-indent:0; } -dl.biblio dd { margin-top:.3em; margin-left:3em; text-align:justify; font-size:90%; } -p.biblio { margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; } -.clear { clear:both; } -p.book { margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; } -p.review { margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; font-size:80%; } -p.pcap { margin-left:0em; text-indent:0; text-align:center; margin-top:0; font-family:cursive; font-size:110%; } -p.pcapc { margin-left:2em; text-indent:0em; text-align:justify; font-family:cursive; } -dl.pcap { font-family:cursive; font-size:80%; } -span.attr { font-size:80%; font-family:sans-serif; } -span.pn { display:inline-block; width:4.7em; text-align:left; margin-left:0; text-indent:0; } -</style> -</head> -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Allen County War Memorial Coliseum, by Otto H. Adams</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: The Allen County War Memorial Coliseum</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Otto H. Adams</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: May 18, 2021 [eBook #65372]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ALLEN COUNTY WAR MEMORIAL COLISEUM ***</div> -<div id="cover" class="img"> -<img id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="The Allen County War Memorial Coliseum" width="600" height="898" /> -</div> -<div class="box"> -<h1><span class="ssn">THE ALLEN COUNTY WAR MEMORIAL COLISEUM</span></h1> -<p class="tbcenter">An address delivered before the Quest Club by Otto H. Adams, November 6, 1953, at the Chamber of Commerce, Fort Wayne, Indiana</p> -<p class="tbcenter">Prepared by the Staff of the -<br />Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County -<br />1954</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_i">i</div> -<div class="img"> -<img src="images/p01.jpg" id="ncfig1" alt="Boards of the Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County" width="600" height="886" /> -</div> -<p class="smaller cur">One of a historical series, this pamphlet is published -under the direction of the governing Boards of the Public -Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County.</p> -<p class="center"><span class="ssn">BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE SCHOOL CITY OF FORT WAYNE</span></p> -<dl class="undent smallest"><dt><i>Mrs. Sadie Fulk Roehrs</i></dt> -<dt><i>B.F. Geyer, President</i></dt> -<dt><i>Joseph E. Kramer, Secretary</i></dt> -<dt><i>W. Page Yarnelle, Treasurer</i></dt> -<dt><i>Willard Shambaugh</i></dt></dl> -<p class="center"><span class="ssn">PUBLIC LIBRARY BOARD FOR ALLEN COUNTY</span></p> -<p class="smaller cur">The members of this Board include the members of the Board of Trustees of the -School City of Fort Wayne (with the same officers) together with the following -citizens chosen from Allen County outside the corporate City of Fort Wayne:</p> -<dl class="undent smallest"><dt><i>James E. Graham</i></dt> -<dt><i>Arthur Niemeier</i></dt> -<dt><i>Mrs. Glenn Henderson</i></dt> -<dt><i>Mrs. Charles Reynolds</i></dt></dl> -<div class="pb" id="Page_ii">ii</div> -<h2 id="c1"><span class="small">FOREWORD</span></h2> -<p>The story of the Allen County War Memorial Coliseum -began ten years ago. The progression of events between the -first consideration of the memorial in 1944 and its completion -in 1952 was by no means smooth and uninterrupted. The -account of the solution of the problems involved in planning, -financing, and constructing the memorial constitutes a community -accomplishment.</p> -<p>The source material for this publication originated in -a speech delivered by Otto H. Adams at a meeting of the -Quest Club, November 6, 1953. Mr. Adams, recently -elected president of the Coliseum Board of Trustees, reviewed -the history of the Coliseum and discussed its value -to city and county in his paper entitled “Coliseum—Asset or -Liability?” James R. Fleming, the past president of the -Board of Trustees, A. M. Strauss, the architect, and Don -L. Myers, the coliseum manager, have supplied supplementary -information.</p> -<p>The Boards and the Staff of the Public Library of Fort -Wayne and Allen County present this pamphlet in the hope -that it will interest and inform the citizens of Allen County.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_1">1</div> -<p class="tb">In 1944 the Fort Wayne Junior Chamber of Commerce -first proposed the construction of a coliseum as a memorial -to the men and women of Allen County who had lost their -lives in both World Wars. Such a structure was envisioned -as serving a twofold purpose; it would honor our heroic dead -and would greatly increase recreational facilities. A Russell -Sage Foundation study was made after World War II; the -report indicates a definite trend among memorial planners to -erect “living memorials,” which serve the people while honoring -their heroes, rather than ornamental arches, statues, -and monuments. The Foundation believes that this trend is -commendable and hails it as a “triumph of common sense -over sentimentalism.” Contemporary opinion seems to be -that construction of a useful memorial in no way detracts -from the honor paid to the dead. On the contrary, it is felt -that the utility of the monument demonstrates our regard -for them more forcibly by benefiting that society for which -they died.</p> -<p>The members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce -conducted a survey of city residents and concluded that 78 -per cent were in favor of the proposed coliseum. Two independent -occurrences in 1944 added impetus to the movement. -First, Psi Iota Xi Sorority sponsored an analysis of -recreational facilities estimated to be needed by the city for -a twenty-year period. The sorority submitted to the mayor -a plan drawn up by Elwood Allen and George Nesbitt of the -National Recreation Association. A memorial field house -was one of the major recommendations of the plan. A memorial -honoring General Anthony Wayne, the founder of the -city, was also proposed in 1944. This memorial, too, was -envisioned as a practical structure, and a field house was -one of the suggestions. Both state and national funds could -be employed to construct an Anthony Wayne memorial.</p> -<p>The Junior Chamber of Commerce survey determined -that popular opinion supported the project. Accordingly, -that association hired Mr. Allen, who had drawn up general -recreational plans for Fort Wayne, to make a further investigation -of possible sites and building plans. It was immediately -evident that a coliseum would be a costly construction; -<span class="pb" id="Page_2">2</span> -the cost would probably exceed two million dollars. -The acquisition of funds was the first problem that -had to be solved. James R. Fleming presided over the -meeting at which the survey results were first discussed. -He suggested building a coliseum as a memorial both to the -dead of the two World Wars and to Anthony Wayne. He believed -that financial aid could be obtained from the federal -government in this way.</p> -<p>Despite general popular sentiment in Allen County favoring -the erection of a coliseum, the planners faced and -overcame many obstacles before their dream became a reality. -In 1945 plans were announced for a sports arena, -which was to be built by private enterprise in the Quimby -Village area. Had these plans been realized, the sports -arena would have been in direct competition with the Memorial -Coliseum. The next impediment was in the form -of objections to the proposed site; the residents of the Lawton -Park area, which was the first site recommended, were -vocal in their opposition.</p> -<p>Since at least a portion of the cost of a coliseum would -be financed by property taxes, in 1946 it was decided to submit -the question to the electorate of Allen County in the -form of a referendum. After the county commissioners had -agreed to place the question on the ballot, the Junior Chamber -of Commerce organized and carried out an extensive -publicity campaign to secure public approval. The War Memorial -Commission, a group organized with the encouragement -of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, assumed responsibility -for the planning and co-ordination of the campaign. -Don Myers was elected chairman. Conventional advertising -media were utilized: newspapers, radio broadcasts, direct -mail, and bus placards. In addition, public attention was -dramatically captured by dropping thousands of leaflets over -the city from a plane and by holding a torchlight parade on -election eve. A special appeal was made to high school -students. Commission speakers addressed student assemblies -and explained how the coliseum could enlarge school -sports programs. Buttons in school colors, advertising -the coliseum, were distributed at football games, and publicity -appeared in school newspapers. Although the planning -of this well-integrated program must be credited to the War -Memorial Commission, the Junior Chamber of Commerce -continued to give active support and co-operated to carry -out all phases of the fight.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_3">3</div> -<div class="img" id="fig1"> -<img src="images/p02.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="979" /> -<p class="pcap">Memorial Hall.</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_4">4</div> -<p>Both major political parties endorsed the issue. The -chairmen of the Democratic and Republican central committees -signed a joint statement which advocated voting “yes” -on a project that would benefit every person in Allen County. -The average annual cost to the taxpayer would be only fifty-five -cents, it was stated. Many civic organizations pledged -their support. The Zollner Pistons played an exhibition -game and donated all proceeds to the War Memorial Commission. -The check for $1,700 was used for publicity to -win the support of the voters. The Civic Theatre also gave -a benefit performance for the cause. The Fort Wayne Civic -Association paid for advertisements explaining the benefits -of the proposed coliseum.</p> -<p>About this time, fearing that the sports arena function -of the coliseum was being overemphasized, the president of -the Junior Chamber of Commerce reiterated its primary -purpose: “War memorials should be for the living, not for -the dead alone. The living must be enabled to derive a spiritual -lift from them. There must be a shrine to which one -may go to commune with the missing and to pay tribute to -the returned. A mere building does not serve this purpose. -The true memorial building has a heart, a focal point. Some -symbol within it must tell why the building was built, and -this must be the center of interest.”</p> -<p>The results of the referendum of November 6, 1946, -must have gratified the commission; that organization had -endeavored to stimulate the public interest and approval -and had succeeded admirably. The vote was five to one in -favor of floating a bond issue to finance the memorial.</p> -<p>After the first World War, a law had been passed by -the state legislature permitting the county councils to issue -bonds for memorial purposes to the extent of ½ per cent -of the total property valuation of the county. Based on the -property valuation of Allen County in 1947, this proportion -<span class="pb" id="Page_5">5</span> -would have been approximately one and one-half million dollars, -but it was evident that the cost of the proposed coliseum -would far exceed this amount. Public subscription and -federal aid were among the several sources considered for -obtaining the additional funds necessary to build the structure. -But these auxiliary sources were discarded in favor -of raising the ceiling of bonded indebtedness. A change in -the statute was proposed. A bill was formulated and sponsored -by the American Legion legislative committee. The -War Memorial Commission warmly praised Robert Gaskill, -chairman of the legislative committee, for his valuable assistance. -The bill was enacted, and in March, 1947, Governor -Ralph F. Gates signed the amended law increasing -the ceiling from ½ per cent to 1 per cent of the assessable -property in the county.</p> -<p>The majority of the voters of Allen County gave their -support to the planners of the War Memorial Coliseum and -were eager to have the preliminary work completed and the -construction begun. But a small minority argued that increasing -the indebtedness of the county was unjustifiable -and that the Coliseum would impose too heavy a burden on -the taxpayer. Some members of the minority attempted to -thwart the coliseum plans; they contended that the law permitted -the county to issue bonds for only one memorial and -that Fort Wayne already had a memorial in Memorial Park. -Both contentions were correct; if that memorial had really -been built with funds secured from a county bond issue, it -would have been illegal to finance the Coliseum by that -means. Investigation disclosed that the theory that the old -memorial was paid for by the county could not be substantiated. -Apparently, funds were secured largely through the -generous donations of individuals and were augmented by -public subscription. Again the commission turned to the -Indiana General Assembly, and this time the legislature -unanimously passed a bill declaring a bond issue for a memorial -coliseum legal.</p> -<p>The passage of the bill raising the amount of the bond -issue assured approximately three million dollars for the -memorial. The first decision facing the county commissioners -<span class="pb" id="Page_6">6</span> -thereafter was the final selection of a site. On May -19, 1947, a joint meeting of the commissioners and the War -Memorial Commission heard Elwood Allen recommend the -Municipal Beach area. Mr. Allen cited the following sound -reasons for his choice: the tract is well drained, high, and -adequate in size to allow for future expansion; at the present -time, two thirds of the rural population of Allen County have -easy access to it; within the next few decades the center of -population probably will shift toward the north of the city.</p> -<p>For a brief period there was some dissension between -the county commissioners and the War Memorial Commission. -The members of the commission had accomplished -much of the preliminary work and felt that the commissioners -were not giving sufficient consideration to their recommendations. -Legally, the commissioners had the power of -final decision; as elected officials they could not delegate -authority to another group. The commissioners realized -that any rift between the groups would be detrimental to the -progress of the Coliseum; therefore, they offered the War -Memorial Commission the status of “a public body to advise -and counsel with” them. The commission unanimously accepted -this proposal, and full accord was re-established between -the two groups. The commission set up a planning -committee to work in close co-operation with the commissioners -and with Alvin M. Strauss, the architect for the -Coliseum.</p> -<p>In April, 1948, the planning committee and the county -commissioners scheduled a special meeting and invited representatives -from thirty-three civic, fraternal, and labor -organizations. Mr. Strauss presented his original plans -which called for an expenditure of four million dollars. He -also announced the retention of Elwood Allen, who had made -preliminary surveys, as recreational consultant.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_7">7</div> -<div class="img" id="fig2"> -<img src="images/p03.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="773" /> -<p class="pcap">the Sports Arena.</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_8">8</div> -<p>At this meeting the question of the proper seating capacity -arose. The president of the Fort Wayne Federation of -Labor, E. Robert Leach, speaking for his organization, advocated -fifteen thousand seats to accommodate Fort Wayne’s -anticipated population growth. But the business manager -of the Zollner teams, Carl Bennett, expressed the opinion, -based on his individual experience, that a far smaller capacity -would suffice. If the capacity should consistently -prove greater than the need, the Coliseum would burden the -taxpayers for maintenance costs. On the other hand, the -Coliseum should be adequate in size to accommodate larger -audiences as the population increased over the years. In -order to ensure the most authoritative professional opinion, -the commissioners consulted the New Buildings Consulting -Board of the International Association of Auditorium Managers. -After conferring with that board the commissioners -agreed on a capacity of ten thousand. Judging from past -attendance records in Fort Wayne, it was decided that this -size would be more than adequate for most events but would -not create an extravagant community white elephant. The -Memorial Hall was also discussed during this time. The -War Memorial Commission appointed a committee of five -clergymen to work with the architect in planning this important -room. It was to be impressive and dignified.</p> -<p>The War Memorial Act provides that the Coliseum -shall be supervised by a five-man board of which no more -than three members may be affiliated with the same political -party. The board members shall serve without remuneration. -Appointed for a four-year term, they may be re-appointed -at the end of that period. The terms are staggered -so that all do not expire in any one year. Three members -shall be appointed by the county commissioners; two by the -circuit judge. The original board, appointed in June, 1949, -consisted of Otto H. Adams, James R. Fleming, Chester -V. Kimmell, Ramon S. Perry, and Alfred L. Randall. It -was the responsibility of the board to supervise the construction -and the operation of the building.</p> -<p>In December, 1949, the general construction contract -was awarded to the Hagerman Construction Company, who -submitted the low bid of $1,959,921. Bids were also accepted -for the heating and plumbing, electricity, seating, -sewerage, ice floor and refrigeration, and lockers. In each -case the low bid was accepted, and the aggregate amount -was under the three million dollar limit. All the awards -were made tentatively, pending the issuance of bonds.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_9">9</div> -<p>In January, 1950, the commissioners announced that -the bid of the Chicago National Bank had been accepted for -the bond issue. The bank formed a syndicate with Merrill -Lynch, Pierce, Fenner, and Beane; the Mercantile Commerce -Bank and Trust Company; Harris Hall and Company, -Incorporated; and the Fletcher Trust Company. A representative -of the Chicago banking house said that the excellent credit -and tax collection record of Allen County made the $27,445 -premium possible. The interest rate is 1½ per cent.</p> -<p>At long last the finances were arranged, the architect’s -plans were approved, and the contracts were awarded; -now construction could begin. On January 24, 1950, just -three weeks after the bond issue had been floated, the ground-breaking -ceremony took place. Chester V. Kimmel, then -chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Coliseum, presided. -All county commissioners and trustees were present, -and representatives of various veterans and civic organizations -attended. The cornerstone was laid in November, 1951. -In the spring of 1952, the massive structure was nearly -completed. On Memorial Day the Allen County Council of -Veterans Organizations held a flag-raising ceremony to -mark the initiation of the final phase of construction.</p> -<p>Meanwhile, the Board of Trustees began the arduous -task of compiling complete and accurate lists of the deceased -in order that the names might be inscribed on the plaques -in the Memorial Hall. No official list was available. Otto -H. Adams, the secretary of the Board of Trustees, searched -the records of the War Department and the veterans organizations. -The completed list was published in both Fort -Wayne newspapers; relatives and friends were earnestly -requested to notify the board of any corrections or omissions. -The roll of honor listed the names of 643 men and -women. The total has since been increased by the casualties -of the Korean conflict.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_10">10</div> -<div class="img" id="fig3"> -<img src="images/p04.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="909" /> -<p class="pcap">the entrance to the Memorial Hall.</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_11">11</div> -<p>The Board of Trustees had the responsibility of choosing -a manager for the Coliseum. The duties of the manager -were to include the administration and operation of the building, -the supervision of personnel, and the scheduling of -events. The choice fell upon Don Myers, who had been a -most active promoter of the Coliseum since its inception. -The NEWS SENTINEL published an editorial commending -the choice and praising Mr. Myers: “When others insisted -that it probably could not be done, he kept insisting that it -could be done and that he for one wasn’t going to give up trying. -He didn’t. He kept talking about the Memorial Coliseum -night and day, week in and week out.” Mr. Myers has -proved an able manager; his work has won him recognition -in his profession, and he was awarded the trophy at the Auditorium -Operators Convention for his outstanding record -during the 1952-53 season.</p> -<p>During the construction period two changes occurred -on the Board of Trustees. Ramon S. Perry’s term expired, -and Chester V. Kimmel, the chairman, resigned to go to -India under the Point Four Program. James R. Fleming, -who had served on the board since its beginning, was elected -chairman. Ellison L. Meier and Elmer Kolmerten were -appointed to fill the vacancies.</p> -<p>The War Memorial Coliseum was completed in September, -1952. Nearly eight years had elapsed since the -Junior Chamber of Commerce had conceived the idea of -erecting a suitable memorial to the war dead of Allen County. -The men who had worked unremittingly through those -years were amply rewarded when the building was opened -by impressive dedicatory services.</p> -<p>The dedication program was preceded by a parade in -which bands from all the city and county high schools and -representatives from twenty-four county veterans organizations -participated. The Great Lakes Naval Training Center -Band opened the ceremony. The Aeolian Choir of the General -Electric Company sang “America, the Beautiful” and -“The Battle Hymn of the Republic.” Lewis K. Gough, the -National Commander of the American Legion, delivered the -principal address and said in part: “This is the hallowed -hall of heroes ... this Memorial Coliseum, a living memorial -to our sons and daughters, our brothers and sisters, our -fathers and our dear friends who served their God and their -country with the last full measure of devotion.”</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_12">12</div> -<div class="img"> -<img src="images/p05.jpg" id="ncfig2" alt="Recreation and entertainment" width="800" height="533" /> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_14">14</div> -<p>The Coliseum is a remarkable structure. Mr. Strauss -has stated that a great many architectural problems had to -be solved in planning the edifice. The necessarily massive -size and isolated location might have resulted in an ill-proportioned -and bulky building. Fortunately, the judicious -adaptation of a contemporary modern style by the architects -has achieved a dignified building that is both functional and -beautiful. By placing the ramps between the levels on the -exterior, Mr. Strauss succeeded in overcoming bulky appearance. -The ramps modify a bluff façade of high vertical -walls and soften the relationship between the bulk of the -mass and the adjacent ground area.</p> -<p>The exterior of the octagonal building is brick and Indiana -limestone. The bricks are in three different hues to -provide variation in the broad expanse of the walls. Ten -rigid steel frames support the roof. Each frame weighs 70 -tons and has a clear span of 239 feet—a longer span than -any other single-welded rigid framework ever erected in the -United States. The dimensions of the Coliseum are impressive: -425 feet in length, 300 feet in width, and 87 feet in -height from the floor of the main arena.</p> -<p>One problem in the construction of a great building -arises from discrepancies in the rates of expansion and contraction -of various materials used. In the Coliseum the -concrete seating construction is attached to the steel frame -of the building by a device operating on the principle of a -hinge. It is so designed that when the steel and concrete -expand at different coefficients, the hinge moves to adjust -to the disparity. Careful consideration has been given to -facilitating the ingress and egress of spectators. The upper -main seating area is served by sixteen vomitory entrances, -and the lower arena by four. The multiple entrances make -it possible to empty the building very rapidly after each -performance and are an important safety factor in case of -emergency.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_15">15</div> -<div class="img" id="fig4"> -<img src="images/p06.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="929" /> -<p class="pcap">one of the ten rigid -steel frames which -support the building.</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_16">16</div> -<p>As the president of the Junior Chamber of Commerce -had promised in the earliest plans for the Coliseum, the -memorial to the war dead is the focal point of the building. -The main entrance on the north leads directly to the Memorial -Hall. Five cast aluminum heads have been placed on -the exterior of the building above the windows of the hall. -These heads symbolize the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, -Coast Guard, and Air Force. The interior of the august hall -measures seventy-five feet in length and thirty feet in width. -Four kinds of marble are used in the decoration: French -Notre Dame for the background, English Renfrew for the -inserts, Italian Red Levanto for the platform, and Spanish -Bois Jourdan for the door panels. Two bronze plaques, one -at either end of the hall, list the casualties of Allen County -beneath the following inscription: “This Coliseum is dedicated -as a living memorial in honor of these men and women -who gave their lives in World Wars I and II of the nation so -that we might live.”</p> -<p>The Sports Arena has an area of approximately 25,000 -square feet. There are 7,250 permanent seats in the upper -seating area, and additional temporary seats can be erected -to bring the total capacity to 10,500. The windowless room -is lighted by a battery of 220 one-thousand watt lamps. The -concrete floor is inlaid with almost ten miles of pipe through -which brine is pumped to form ice on the floor. A layer of -ice from three eighths to three fourths of an inch thick -freezes in twelve hours. After an ice show or a hockey -game the ice is thawed to slush and scraped into a large pit -to melt and drain away. A portable basketball floor can -then be installed; the floor consists of 214 four by eight feet -sections which can be joined by means of an electric screw -driver in two hours. For theatrical or musical productions -a portable stage is erected.</p> -<p>Two notable features in the arena are the electric -scoreboard and the organ. The first was purchased for the -Coliseum by Wolf and Dessauer at a cost of $30,000 and is -one of the finest existing scoreboards in the country. Spectators -in every section of the arena can easily read one of -its four faces. Mrs. Ida Dick of the Dick Piano and Organ -Company donated the organ in memory of her husband.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_17">17</div> -<div class="img" id="fig5"> -<img src="images/p07.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="830" /> -<p class="pcap">a southwest view of the -Coliseum showing the entrance -to the Exhibition Hall.</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_18">18</div> -<p>The Exhibition Hall occupies the lower level of the -building and covers an acre and a quarter in area. The hall -provides ideal accommodations for agricultural and industrial -exhibits such as the 4-H Club Fair and the Automobile -Show. Because the level has its own separate box office, -lobby, and concession stand, events can be scheduled concurrently -with those in the Sports Arena without interference. -Ramps connect the two levels.</p> -<p>The Coliseum has brought many benefits to Fort Wayne. -Local organizations have better facilities for their activities. -For example, the 4-H Clubs held their annual fair in -the Exhibition Hall and were untroubled by uncertainties of -weather. Recently, the Board of Trustees leased sixteen -acres adjacent to the building to this group. The Boy Scouts -served 1,500 guests at their annual recognition dinner in -the Coliseum. During the Christmas season, the Christ -Child Festival is held there. Now the regional high school -basketball tournaments can be held in Fort Wayne.</p> -<p>An important benefit arises from the major sports -events and appearances of famous entertainers. The stars -of stage and screen and of the world of sports bring many -visitors to Fort Wayne; increased business results for the -merchants and the hotel and restaurant owners. Sports -announcers and reviewers give much favorable publicity to -Fort Wayne because of our fine Coliseum. Thus, the Coliseum, -besides honoring the war dead of the community, is -a great asset to the citizens of the community. The building -admirably fulfills the dual role of a “living memorial.”</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_20">20</div> -<div class="img" id="fig6"> -<img src="images/p08.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="812" /> -<p class="pcap">Otto H. Adams</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_21">21</div> -<h2 id="c2"><span class="small">OTTO H. ADAMS</span></h2> -<p>Otto H. Adams was one of the first appointees to the -War Memorial Commission, which was organized in 1946 to -plan a coliseum. He served as a member until the commission -was superseded by the Coliseum Board of Trustees; he -was then appointed to this official governing body. In January, -1954, he was elected president of the board; previously -he had been vice-president and secretary.</p> -<p>The son of William C. and Sophia (Felger) Adams, -Otto Adams was born June 5, 1894, in Allen County, Indiana. -After completing secondary school, he continued his -education at the Indiana University Extension Center in Fort -Wayne. For a number of years Mr. Adams was employed -by the Indiana Service Corporation. In 1939 he was named -General Superintendent of City Utilities; and from 1943 to -1947 he served as City Controller. In 1947 he accepted his -present position as controller at Zollner Machine Works, -Incorporated.</p> -<p>The United Commercial Travelers elected Mr. Adams -“Man of the Year” in 1952 in recognition of his record of -community leadership. An editorial in the FORT WAYNE -NEWS-SENTINEL on February 9, 1953, commented: “The -long-time Fort Wayne civic leader has so many notable facets -of achievement in civic leadership, charitable endeavor, -and generally unselfish service to his credit that it is virtually -impossible to enumerate them all.”</p> -<p>Otto Adams served as chairman of the Allen County -Chapter of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis -for seven years. He has served on the directorates of numerous -civic organizations, including the Fort Wayne Chamber -of Commerce, the Allen County Chapter of the American -Red Cross, and the Y.M.C.A. He has held office as -president of the Lakeside Northeast Community Association -and as treasurer of the Anthony Wayne Council of Boy Scouts. -He was also a member of the organizing committee of the -United Fund. Long associated with the Republican party in -Fort Wayne, he has been treasurer of the Allen County Republican -Central Committee since 1950.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_22">22</div> -<p>A veteran of World War I, Otto Adams is active in -the American Legion. He is a Mason and is a member of the -Quest Club and the Elks. He attends the Trinity English -Lutheran Church. Mr. Adams is married and is the father -of four children.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_23">23</div> -<h2 id="c3"><span class="small">JAMES R. FLEMING</span></h2> -<p>James R. Fleming was elected president of the Board -of Trustees of the Coliseum in 1952 prior to the dedication -of the building. He retained that post until January, 1954. -His term of office included a rather critical and very successful -period in the operation of the Coliseum.</p> -<p>James R. Fleming was born November 8, 1881, in -Henry County, Indiana; his parents were George R. and Sarah -(Cummins) Fleming. He completed his elementary and -secondary education in local schools and was awarded the -degree of Bachelor of Law at the University of Michigan in -1904.</p> -<p>After graduation the young lawyer began his practice -at Portland, Indiana, where he was soon elected Prosecuting -Attorney for Jay County. He was later elected to the Indiana -General Assembly and served several years both in the lower -house and in the state senate. In 1933 President Roosevelt -appointed Mr. Fleming United States Attorney for the -Northern District of Indiana. Many notorious criminals then -operated in this area; James Fleming held office between -1933 and 1941 and successfully prosecuted many of these -gangsters.</p> -<p>At present Mr. Fleming is engaged in the practice of -law in Fort Wayne. He is chairman of the board, co-publisher, -and treasurer of the FORT WAYNE JOURNAL-GAZETTE; -he serves as president and treasurer of Erie Materials, -Incorporated, and Erie Ready-Mix Concrete, Incorporated, -and the director and general counsel for the -Sheller Manufacturing Corporation and its subsidiaries.</p> -<p>In addition to his professional and business interests, -Mr. Fleming is active in many civic and social organizations. -As a director of the Fort Wayne Chamber of Commerce, -he became interested in the earliest coliseum plans. -His work in advancing this project was publicly recognized -in 1949, and he was appointed to the original Board of Trustees.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_24">24</div> -<div class="img" id="fig7"> -<img src="images/p09.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="865" /> -<p class="pcap">James R. Fleming</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_25">25</div> -<p>He has also been a director of the Fort Wayne Art -School, the Fort Wayne Civic Symphony, the Fort Wayne -Community Concert Association, the Fort Wayne Civic Association, -the Fort Wayne Musical Society, and the Fort -Wayne and Indiana Presbyterian Foundations. He is a member -of the American, Federal, Indiana, and Allen County -Bar Associations; the Indiana and the Allen County Historical -Societies; the Indiana Society of Chicago; the Fort Wayne -Country Club; the Masons; and the Elks. Mr. Fleming is -also an active member of the First Presbyterian Church of -Fort Wayne. He is married and is the father of two children.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_26">26</div> -<div class="img" id="fig8"> -<img src="images/p10.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="803" /> -<p class="pcap">Don L. Myers</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_27">27</div> -<h2 id="c4"><span class="small">DON L. MYERS</span></h2> -<p>Don L. Myers was chosen manager of the War Memorial -Coliseum in 1951 prior to the completion of the edifice; -he continues in that capacity at the present time. Wide recognition -has been accorded him; he was awarded a trophy by -the International Association of Auditorium Managers for -his efficient and successful management during the 1952-1953 -season.</p> -<p>Mr. Myers was born in Wolcottville, Indiana, February -12, 1914. He accompanied his family to Fort Wayne in -1929, attended North Side High School, and graduated in -1931. His first positions were in sales promotion and hotel -work; during World War II he was employed in the essential -steel industry. He was sales manager for the V. R. Myers -Pump Supply Company before his appointment as manager -of the Coliseum.</p> -<p>In 1942 Don Myers joined the Fort Wayne Junior Chamber -of Commerce and was soon an active member. Through -his associations in the “Jaycees,” he became a proponent -of the Coliseum. Mr. Myers assisted in the formulation of -the initial plans for the memorial, and when the War Memorial -Commission was organized to execute the plans, he -was chosen president. Later, when the memorial building -was under construction, he was elected to the Allen County -Council. As a councilman, he used his opportunities to expedite -the progress of the Coliseum. Don Myers is a member -of the First Baptist Church. He is married and is the -father of two children.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_28">28</div> -<h2 id="c5"><span class="small">ALVIN M. STRAUSS</span></h2> -<p>The Commissioners of Allen County selected A. M. -Strauss, Incorporated, to design the War Memorial Coliseum -because of the notable achievements of the firm and because -that architectural corporation could complete all -phases of structural planning. Thus, the need for employing -architects from other cities would be obviated.</p> -<p>Alvin M. Strauss, born April 8, 1895, at Kendallville, -Indiana, was the son of Abraham and Frieda Strauss. After -the completion of his secondary education in the city of his -birth in 1912, he was employed for several years in architectural -offices in Fort Wayne and Chicago. His career was -interrupted during the first World War by military service. -Following his discharge in 1918, Mr. Strauss returned to -Fort Wayne and opened his own office of architectural consultants. -Mechanical, electrical, and structural engineering -personnel were added to the staff in the 1940’s. The -firm was incorporated in 1950 under the name of A. M. -Strauss, Incorporated.</p> -<p>Mr. Strauss is a director of the Indiana Society of -Architects and a member of the state Architects’ Registration -Board. In addition to these professional organizations, -he is a member of the Jewish Federation, the Executives -Club, the Elks Lodge, and the Fort Wayne Country Club. -He is married and resides at 1220 Illsley Drive.</p> -<h2>Transcriber’s Notes</h2> -<ul> -<li>Silently corrected a few typos.</li> -<li>Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.</li> -<li>In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by _underscores_.</li> -</ul> -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ALLEN COUNTY WAR MEMORIAL COLISEUM ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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