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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/11929-0.txt b/11929-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..051a50d --- /dev/null +++ b/11929-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2126 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11929 *** + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +NO. 15] +SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1850. +[Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d. + + * * * * * {225} + + +CONTENTS. + +NOTES:-- Page + Wages in 17th and 19th centuries, by Rev. L.B. Larking ..225 + Marlowe and the old Taming of a Shrew, by S. Hickson ....226 + Notes from Fly-Leaves, No. 6., by Rev. J. Jebb ..........227 + Shakspeare's Use of Monosyllables, by C. Forbes .........227 + Notes on Cunningham's London, by E.F. Rimbault ..........228 + +QUERIES:-- + Folk Lore (Metrical Charms), by William J. Thoms ........229 + Allusions in the Homilies ...............................229 + Minor Queries:--Pope's Translations of + Horace-- + Havior--Arabic Numerals--Eaton's Edward III.-- + Dog Latin--Cuckoo, Welsh Ambassador--A recent + Novel--Authorship of a couplet--Seal of Killigrew .....230 + +REPLIES:-- + Selago and Samolus ......................................231 + Ælfric's Colloquy, by B. Thorpe .........................232 + Portraits of Luther and Erasmus .........................232 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Praise undeserved--French + Maxim--Singular Motto--Discurs, Modest.--Pallace + --Litany Version of the Psalms--Tempora Mutantur, + &c.--Pandoxare--St. Thomas of Lancaster--Fall of + Rain in England--Judas Bell--Boduc on British + Coins--Lord Bacon's Version of the Psalms--A + "Gib" Cat--Lay of the Phoenix, &c. ....................233 + +MISCELLANIES:-- + Execution of Duke of Monmouth--By Hook or by Crook + --Cupid Crying--Miry-land Town ..........................237 + +MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. ..................238 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted ............................238 + Notices to Correspondents ...............................238 + Advertisements ..........................................238 + + * * * * * + + +WAGES IN 17TH AND 19TH CENTURIES. + +Running my eye accidentally through the household book of Sir Roger +Twysden, from 1659 to 1670, it occurred to me to make a comparison +between the relative prices of meat and wages, as there given, in +order to ascertain the position of our peasantry in these parts, at +the close of the 17th century. I send you a few extracts, by which +it will be seen that, in Kent, at least, our agricultural labourers +appear to have been in far better condition than those of the rest +of England, who, in Mr. Macaulay's brilliant work, are represented +as living "almost entirely on rye, barley, and oats," owing to the +exorbitantly high price of meat, as compared with the ordinary scale +of wages. + +As to meat, I find the following entries:-- + + "1659. Beef + 2s. and 1s. 8d. per stone. + a loin of mutton 1s. 6d. + 1662. Beef 2s. per stone. + a shin of beef 1s. 10d. + a loin of veal 3s. 4d. + a calve's head 1s. 2d. + a quarter of mutton 4s. 4d. and 5s. + a side of mutton 9s. + 1664. 8 quarters of mutton 32s. + 1 quarter of do. 4s. + 6 stone of beef 10s. 4d. + 1666. 6 stone of beef 10s. 4d. + a fat weather 12s. 8d. + 32 fat weathers 19l. + 1667. 10 stone of beef and 2 lb. of suet 18s. + 22 stone of beef 2l. + 23 stone of beef 2l. 3s. + a chine and a quarter of veal 8s. + 1670. A chine and a quarter of mutton 5s. + a quarter of lamb 2s. 6d." + +Through this period we have:-- + + "Cheese per load, _i.e._ 56 lb., at 14s., 11s., 10s., 4d., + 9s. 6d." + +The wages of labourers through the same period are entered:-- + + "Sawyer 2s. 6d. per hundred. + a farm carpenter 1s. 6d. per day. + or, 'I finding him,' 1s. per day. + common labourers, generally 1s. per \ + day; sometimes, but less frequently, > in 1849, 2s. + 9d. per day / + threshing wheat, 16d. per quarter in 1849, 3s. + mowing, from 1s. to 1s. 8d. per acre in 1849, 3s. 6d. + mowing oats, 1s. 3d. per acre in 1849, 2s. 6d. + mowing clover, 1s. 6d. per acre in 1849, 2s. 6d. + hayers, 2s. and 2s. 6d. per week in 1849, 6s. + reaping, 2s. per acre in 1849, 10s. to 14s. + sheep shearing, 1s. per score in 1849, 2s. 6d. + hedging 2-1/2d. per rod in 1849, 4d. + hoeing, 6d. per acre in 1849, 4s. + women 8d. per day in 1849, 1s., and 1s. 4d. + boys, 4d. per day in 1849, 6d. and 3d. + making faggots, 18d. and 20d. per hundred; in 1849, 3s." + +A reference to the household-books of the Derings, in East Kent, +gives the same results. + +The wages given by Sir Roger Twysden to his household servants at +this time were:-- + + "Housekeeper 5l. per annum. + maids 2l. 10s. and 3l. + men 5l. 10s., 5l. and 4l." + +{226}I have added, in most instances, the prices now paid to +labourers in these parts, having obtained my information from the +farmers of the neighbourhood. + +The price of butchers' meat at present, in this neighbourhood, is +from 6d. to 7 1/2d. per lb.; by wholesale, 3s. 6d. or 3s. 8d. per +stone. + +As far, then, as the relative prices of wages and meat can guide us, +the labourer, in these parts, was as well able to purchase meat in +1670 as he is now. + +Unhappily for him, the imprudence of early marriage entailing upon +him the charge of a family, he is precluded from the indulgence in +fresh meat, except as an occasional treat. Cheese and bacon, +however, are still within his reach. The improvidence of early +marriage rarely occurred in former days, and palpably, if our +Kentish labourers lived _entirely_ on oats and rye, it was not +of _necessity_ that they did so. I am inclined to think that, +in many of the instances given above, especially in haying and +harvest, provisions of some sort were found by the employer, over +and above the wages. When I have more leisure, I will endeavour to +obtain correct information on this point; and meanwhile, send you +the entries just as I find them. I observe an entry of "peas to boil +for the men." They had porridge then, at all events, in addition to +their wages; and these wages, if they had so chosen, could further +have purchased them meat, quite as well as at the present day; +though, alas for our poor peasantry, this is not saying much for +them; and even of that little smack of meat they will soon be +debarred, if the present system--but I am intruding on sacred +ground, and must leave the poor fellows to their hard work and +scanty meals. + +LAMBERT B. LARKING. + + * * * * * + + +MARLOWE AND THE OLD "TAMING OF A SHREW." + +I regret that my communication (No. 13. p. 194.), on the subject of +the authorship of _The Taming of a Shrew_, was too late to be +of any avail for the already-published new edition of Marlowe's +works; and, had I been aware of such being the case, I should have +waited until I had had an opportunity of seeing a work whose editor +may entertain views in ignorance of which, to my disadvantage, I am +still writing. It is, perhaps, a still greater disadvantage that I +should appear to depend for proofs upon a bare enumeration of +parallel passages; when I know that the space I should require for +the purposes of stating the case fully and fairly, and, as I think, +conclusively, would be utterly inconsistent with that brevity which +must be with you an essential condition; while, at the same time, I +know of no medium through which I am so likely to enlist the +attention of a "fit audience" as your publication. Premising that my +references are to _The Taming of a Shrew_ in "Six Old Plays," +1799, and to Marlowe's Works, edit. 1826, I proceed to indicate such +passages as a rapid glance through the respective works, aided by +some previous acquaintance with the subject, and a not very bad +memory, furnished. Some of the parallels will be found identical; in +others, the metaphors will be found to be the same, with the +expression more or less varied; and in others, again, particular +expressions are the same, though the tenor of the phrase be +different. It will be observed that the quotations of Marlowe are +exclusively from _Dr. Faustus_ and _Tamburlaine_. Of the +longer passages I have given merely the first line for reference; +and I have numbered them for the convenience of comparison:-- + +THE TAMING OF A SHREW. + +(1) "Now that the gloomy shadow of the night," &c. p. 161. + +(2) "But stay, what dames are these, so bright of hue," &c. p. 167. + +(3) "O, might I see the censer of my soule." &c. p.169. + +(4) "Come, fair Emelia, my lovely love," &c. p. 180. + "Valeria, attend, I have a lovely love," &c. p. 191. + "And all that pierceth Phoebus' silver eye," &c. p. 181. + "Fair Emelia, summer's bright sun queen," &c. p.199. + +(5) "I fill'd my coffers of the wealthy mines," &c. p.181. + +(6) "As richly wrought + As was the massy robe that late adorn'd + The stately legate of the Persian king," p.183. + +(7) "_Boy_. Come hither, sirha boy. + _Sander_. Boy, O, disgrace to my person!" &c. p.184. + + +MARLOWE. + +(1) "Now that the gloomy shadow of the night," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p.127. + +(2) "Zenocrate, the loveliest maid alive," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.46. + +(3) "Whose darts do pierce the centre of my soul," &c. + --_Tamb._ vol. i. p.120. + + "Was this the face that launch'd a thousand ships," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p.192. + +(4) "Now bright Zenocrate, the world's fair eye," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.102 + + "Batter the shining palace of the sun," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.120 + + "A greater lamp than that bright eye of heaven," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.154. + + --"the golden eye of heaven." + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.155. + + "Wherein are rocks of pearl that shine as bright," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.177. + +(5) "I'll have them fly to India for gold," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p. 123. + +(6) "And show your pleasure to the Persian + As fits the legate of the stately Turk." + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.87. +{226} + +(7) "_Wagner_. Come hither, sirha! Boy! + _Clown_. Boy! O disgrace to my person!" &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii, p. 131. + +Leaving the question in this position for the present, I shall be +glad of such information from any of your readers as may tend to +throw a light on the date of Shakspeare's _Taming of the +Shrew_. I find Mr. Collier's opinion expressed in the following +words:-- + + "The great probability is that _Hamlet_ was written + at the earliest in 1601, and the _Taming of the Shrew_ + perhaps came from the pen of its author not very long afterwards." + +I am anxious to ascertain whether I am acquainted with all the +circumstances on which the above opinion is founded; as those which +I can, at this moment, recall, are to my mind hardly sufficiently +conclusive. Rejecting the supposed allusion to Heywood's _Woman +Kill'd with Kindness_, which I see, by a note, Mr. Collier gives +up as untenable ground, the facts, I believe, remain as follows:-- + +First: _The Taming of the Shrew_ was not mentioned by Meres in +1598, whereupon it is assumed that "had it been written, he could +scarcely have failed to mention it." And, + +Second: it must have been written after _Hamlet_, because the +name Baptista, used incorrectly in that play as a feminine name, is +properly applied to a man in this. And these, I believe, are all. +Now, the first of these assumptions I answer, by asking, "Does it +follow?" Of all Shakspeare's plays which had then appeared, only +three had been published before 1598, and not one comedy. Meres, in +all probability, had no list to refer to, nor was he making one: he +simply adduced, in evidence of his assertion of Shakspeare's +excellence, both in tragedy and comedy, such plays of both kinds as +he _could_ recollect, or the best of those which he _did_ +recollect. Let us put the case home; not in reference to any modern +dramatist (though Shakspeare in his own day was not the great +exception that he stands with us), but to the world-honoured poet +himself, who has founded a sort of religion in us: I, for my part, +would not be bound not to omit, in a hasty enumeration, and having +no books to refer to, more important works than the _Taming of the +Shrew_. In short, the omission by Meres proves no more than that +he either did not think of the play, or did not think it necessary +to mention it. To the second assumption, I answer that the date of +the _first Hamlet_ is "not proven:" it may have been an early +play. From the play of _Hamlet_, in its earlier form, is the +name Baptiste, where it is used in conjunction with Albertus, taken; +the scene mentioned is Guiana; and there is nothing to lead one to +suppose that the name is used as an Italian name at all. Both the +date of _Hamlet_, therefore, and--whichever way decided--the +conclusion drawn from the supposed mistake, I regard as open +questions. There is yet another circumstance which Mr. Collier +thinks may strengthen his conclusion with regard to the date of this +play. He refers to the production of Dekker's _Medicine for a +Curst Wife_, which he thinks was a revival of the old _Taming +of a Shrew_, brought out as a rival to Shakspeare's play. This is +easily answered. In the first place, Katharine, the Shrew, is not a +"curst wife:" she becomes a wife, it is true, in the course of the +play; but this is a part of the process of taming her. But what +seems at once to disprove it is, that, according to Henslow's +account, Dekker was paid 10_l_. 10_s_. for the piece in +question; as Mr. Collier observes, an "unusually large sum" for a +new piece, and not likely to be paid for the bashing up of an old +one. I am thus left entirely without a clue, derivable from external +evidence, to the date of this play; and shall be glad to know if +there is any thing, throwing light upon the point, which I may have +overlooked. That more important consequences are involved in this +question than appear upon the face of it, I think I shall be able to +show in a future communication; and this is my excuse for +trespassing so much upon your space and your readers' patience. + +SAMUEL HICKSON. + +St. John's Wood, Jan. 26. 1850. + + * * * * * + + +NOTES FROM FLY-LEAVES, NO. 6. + +In a copy of Burnet's _Telluris Theoria Sacra_ (in Latin), +containing only the two first books (1 vol. 4to., Lond. 1689), there +is the following entry in Bishop Jebb's hand-writing:-- + + "From the internal evidence, not only of additional matter + in the margin of this copy, but of frequent erasures and + substitutions, I was led to suppose it was the author's copy, + illustrated by his own annotations and improvements. The + supposition is, perhaps, sufficiently corroborated by the + following extract from the _Biographia Britannica_, + vol. iii. p. 18. + + "'It seems it was usual with Dr. Burnet, before he published + any thing in Latin, to have two or three copies, and no more, + printed off, which he kept by him for some time, in order to + revise at leisure what he had written _currente calamo_, + and sometimes, when he thought proper, to be communicated to + his particular friends for their opinions, &c.' + + "This copy, as it does not differ from any of the editions of + 1689, was certainly not one of those _proofs_. But the + Doctor's habit of annotating on his own Latin books after they + were printed, renders it extremely probable that this book was + a preparation for a new edition. It would be well to compare it + with the English translation." + +The nature of many of the corrections and additions (which are very +numerous), evidently shows a preparation for the press. I have +compared this copy with the English edition, published in the same +year, and find that some of the {228}corrections were adopted; this, +however, but in a few instances, while in one, to be mentioned +presently, a palpable mistake, corrected in the MS. Latin notes, +stands in the translation. The English version differs very +materially from the Latin. The author says in his Preface:-- + + "This English version is the same in substance with the + Latin, though I confess, 'tis not so properly a translation, + as a new composition upon the same ground, there being + several additional chapters in it, and several new moulded." + +The following are examples of corrections being adopted: P. 6. Latin +ed. "Quod abunde probabitur in principio libri secundi." For the +last word _subsequentis_ is substituted, and the English has +_following_. P. 35. "Hippolitus" is added to the authorities in +the MS.; and in the English, p. 36., "Anastasius Sinaiti, S. +Gaudentius, Q. Julius Hilarius, Isidorus Hispalensis, and +Cassiodorus," are inserted after Lactantius, in both. P. 37. +"Johannes Damascenus" is added after St. Augustin in both. P. 180. a +clause is added which seems to have suggested the sentence +beginning, "Thus we have discharged our promise," &c. But, on the +other hand, in p. 8. the allusion to the "Orphics," which is struck +out in the Latin, is retained in the English; and in the latter +there is no notice taken of "Empedocles," which is inserted in the +margin of the Latin. In p. 11. "Ratio naturalis" is personified, and +governs the verb _vidit_, which is repeated several times. This +is changed by the corrector into vidimus; but in the English +passage, though varying much from the Latin, the personification is +retained. In p. 58., "Dion Cassius" is corrected to "Xiphilinus;" +but the mistake is preserved in the English version. + +JOHN JEBB. + + * * * * * + + +SHAKSPEARE'S EMPLOYMENT OF MONOSYLLABLES. + +I offer the following flim-flam to the examination of your readers, +all of whom are, I presume, more or less, readers of Shakspeare, and +far better qualified than I am to "anatomize" his writings, and "see +what bred about his heart." + +I start with the proposition that the language of passion is almost +invariably broken and abrupt, and the deduction that I wish to draw +from this proposition, and the passages that I am about to quote is, +that--_Shakspeare on more than one occasion advisedly used +monosyllables, and monosyllables only, when he wished to express +violent and overwhelming mental emotion_, ex. gratiâ:-- + + + _Lear._ "Thou know'st the first time that we smell the air, + We wawl, and cry:--I will preach to thee; mark me. + + [_Gloster._ "Alack! alack the day!] + + _Lear._ "When we are born, we cry, that we are come + To this great stage of fools,--This a good block?" + --_King Lear_, Act IV. Sc. 6. + +In this passage [I bracket Gloster] we find no fewer than +_forty-two monosyllables_ following each other consecutively. +Again, + + + "------but through his lips do throng + Weak words, so thick come, in his poor heart's aid, + That no man could _distinguish_ what he said." + _Rape of Lucreece_, Stanza 255. + +After I had kept this among other flim-flams for more than a year in +my note-book, I submitted it in a letter to the examination of a +friend; his answer was as follows:--"Your canon is ingenious, +especially in the line taken from the sonnet. I doubt it however, +much, and rather believe that sound is often sympathetically, and as +it were unconsciously, adapted to sense. Moreover, monosyllables are +redundant in our tongue, as you will see in the scene you quote. In +_King John_, Act III. Sc. 3., where the King is _pausing_ +in his wish to incense Hubert to Arthur's murder, he says:-- + + 'Good friend, though hast no cause to say so yet: + But thou shall have; and creep time ne'er so slow, + Yet it shall come, for me to do thee good. + I had a thing to say,--But let it go:'-- + +forty monosyllables." + + + "Credimus? an qui amant ipsi sibi somnia fingunt." + +The very passage he quoted seemed, to my eyes, rather a +_corroboration_ of the theory, than an _argument against +it_! I might, I think, have quoted the remainder of Lear's speech +ending with the words "Kill, kill, kill, kill, kill, kill," and, +with the exception of three words, consisting _entirely_ of +monosyllables, and one or two other passages. But I have written +enough to express my meaning. + +C. FORBES. + +Temple. + + * * * * * + + +NOTES UPON CUNNINGHAM'S HAND-BOOK FOR LONDON. + +_ Wild House, Drury Lane._--Mr. Cunningham says, "Why so +called, I am not aware." _Wild_ is a corruption of _Weld_. +It was the town mansion of the family of the _Welds_, of +Lutworth Castle. + +_Compton Street, Soho._--Built in the reign of Charles the +First by Sir Francis Compton. _New_ Compton Street, when first +formed, was denominated Stiddolph Street, after Sir Richard +Stiddolph, the owner of the land. It afterwards changed its name, +from a demise of the whole adjoining marsh land, made by Charles the +Second to Sir Francis Compton. All this, and the intermediate +streets, formed part of the site of the Hospital of St. Giles. + +_Tottenham Court Road._--The old manor-house, sometimes called +in ancient records "Totham Hall," was, in Henry the Third's reign, +the residence of William de Tottenhall. Part of the old buildings +were remaining in 1818. + +{229}_Short's Gardens, Drury Lane_.--Dudley Short, Esq., had a +mansion here, with fine garden attached, in the reign of Charles the +Second. + +_Parker Street, Drury Lane._--Phillip Parker, Esq., had a +mansion on this site in 1623. + +_Bainbridge and Buckridge Streets, St. Giles's_.--The two +streets, now no more, but once celebrated in the "annals of low +life," were built prior to 1672, and derived their names from their +owners, eminent parishioners in the reign of Charles the Second. + +_Dyot Street, St. Giles's._--This street was inhabited, as late +as 1803, by Philip Dyot, Esq., a descendant of the gentleman from +whom it takes its name. In 1710 there was a certain "Mendicant's +Convivial Club" held at the "Welch's Head" in this street. The +origin of this club dated as far back as 1660, when its meetings +were held at the Three Crowns in the Poultry. + +_Denmark Street, St. Giles's._--Originally built in 1689. +Zoffany, the celebrated painter, lived at No. 9. in this street. The +same house is also the scene of Bunbury's caricature, "The Sunday +Evening Concert:"-- + + "July 27. 1771.--Sir John Murray, late Secretary to the + Pretender, was on Thursday night carried off by a party + of strange men, from a house in _Denmark Street_, near + St. Giles's church, where he had lived some time." + --_MS. Diary quoted in Collet's Relics of Literature_, p. 306. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + * * * * * + + +QUERIES. + +FOLK LORE. + +_Metrical Charms_.--In the enumeration of the various branches +of that interesting subject, the "FOLK LORE OF ENGLAND," on which +communications were invited in the last number of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," there is an omission which I beg to point out, as it +refers to a subject which, I believe, deserves especial +investigation, and would amply repay any trouble or attention that +might be bestowed upon it. I allude to _Metrical Charms_, many +of which are still preserved, and, in spite of the corruptions they +have undergone in the course of centuries, would furnish curious and +valuable illustrations of the Mythological System on which they are +founded. + + "Spirits of the flood and spirits of the hills found a + place in the mythology of Saxon England," + +says an able reviewer of Mr. Kemble's _Saxons in England_, in +_The Anthenæum_ (13th Jan. 1849); and he continues, + + + "The spells by which they were invoked, and the forms + by which their aid was compelled, linger, however, still + amongst us, although their names and powers have passed + into oblivion. In one of the Saxon spells which + Mr. Kemble has inserted in the Appendix, we at once + recognised a rhyme which we had heard an old woman + in our childhood use,--and in which many Saxon words + unintelligible to her were probably retained." + +Who would not gladly recover this "old rhyme?"--I can say for +myself, that if these lines should ever meet the eye of the writer +of the passage I have quoted, I trust he will be induced to +communicate, in however fragmentary a shape, this curious addition +to our present scanty stories of mythological information. + +While on the subject of _Charms and Spells_, I would ask those +who are more familiar than myself with the Manuscript treasures of +the British Museum, and of our University Libraries, whether they +have ever met with (except in MSS. of Chaucer) the remarkable "Night +Spell" which the Father of English Poetry has preserved in the +following passage of his _Miller's Tale_. I quote from Mr. +Wright's edition, printed for the Percy Society:-- + + "'What Nicholas, what how man, loke adoun: + Awake and think on Cristes passioun + I crowche the from Elves and from Wightes.' + There with the night-spel seyde he anon rightes + On the foure halves of the hous aboute + And on the threissh-fold of the dore withoute. + + "'Lord Jhesu Crist and seynte Benedight, + Blesse this hous from every wikkede wight + Fro nightes verray, the white Paternoster + When wonestow now, seynte Petres soster.'" + +This charm has long occupied my attention, and as I hope shortly to +submit to the Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries an attempt to +illustrate some parts of it which are at present certainly involved +in very great obscurity, I shall be glad to be informed whether any +other early version of it is to be found in MS., and if so, where; +and also whether any other version, corrupted or not, is still +preserved, if not in use, at least in memory. I should also be +especially glad of references of any other allusion to the "white +Paternoster" or "seynte Petres soster," or for any information as to +sources for ascertaining the history, whether authentic or +legendary, of the personage supposed to be alluded to in the closing +words of this remarkable spell. + +WILLIAM J. THOMS. + + * * * * * + + +ALLUSIONS IN THE HOMILIES. + +_"A Good Wife," &c._, and _"God speed the Plough!"_--I +should hold myself deeply indebted to any of your correspondents who +would inform me where the two following quotations are to be found. + +I have been anxiously looking for them for some years. I have taken +some pains myself--{230} "I have poached in Suidas for unlicensed +Greek"--have applied to my various antiquarian friends (many of +whose names I was delighted to recognise among the brilliant galaxy +that enlightened your first number)--but hitherto all in vain; and I +am reduced to acknowledge the truth of the old proberb, "A ---- may +ask more questions in an hour than a wise man can answer in seven +years:"-- + + I. "For thus will most truly be verified the _saying of the + poet_, 'A good wife, by obeying her husband, shall bear the + rule, so that he shall have a delight and a gladness the sooner at + all times to return home to her.' But, on the contrary part, 'when + the wives be stubborn, froward, and malapert, their husbands are + compelled thereby to abhor and flee from their own houses, even as + they should have battle with their enemies.'"--_Homily on + Matrimony_, p. 450. ed. Oxford, 1840. + +Query--_Who_ is the _poet?_ + + II. "Let no good and discreet subjects, therefore, follow the flag + or banner displayed to rebellions, and borne by rebels, though it + have the image of the plough painted therein, with _God speed the + plough_ written under in great letters, knowing that none hinder + the plough more than rebels, who will neither go to the plough + themselves, nor suffer other that would go unto it."--_Fourth + Part of the Homily against Wilful Rebellion_, p. 518. + +In _what_ rebellion was such a banner carried? + +These questions may appear very trifling; but each man has his +hobby, and mine is, not to suffer a quotation to pass without +verification. + +It is fortunate that I am not a despotic monarch, as I would +certainly make it felony without benefit of clergy to quote a +passage without giving a plain reference. + +L.S. + + * * * * * + + +MINOR QUERIES + +_Pope's Translations of Horace._--In a pamphlet against Pope, +entitled, _A True Character of Mr. Pope and his Writings_, by +the author of _The Critical History of England_, written in +May, 1716, and printed in that year, Pope is reproached with having +just published a "libellous," "impudent," and "execrable" +_Imitation of Horace_. Twenty years later such a reproach would +be very intelligible; but can any one favour me with a reference to +any _Imitation of Horace_, published by Pope prior to 1716, of +which any such complaint could be made? + +C. + + +_Etymology of "Havior."_--Can any of your readers inform me +what is the etymology of the word _Havior_, by which all +park-keepers denote an emasculated male deer, affording good venison +between the buck and doe season? + +Never having seen the word written or printed, I am guided, in +attempting to spell it, by the usual pronunciation. + +BRAYBROOKE + +Audley End, Feb. 2. + + + +_Arabic Numerals_.--In the _Archæological Journal_ (vol. +vi. p. 291.), it is stated that the earliest "example of the use of +Arabic numerals in any work connected with building" is the date +1445, on the tower of Heathfield Church, Sussex, though "they were +common in MSS. after 1320, and in astronomical Tracts as early as +1290." As it is probable that not a few instances of the employment +of the Arabic numeral characters of an earlier date than that at +Heathfield are to be met with in different parts of the country, +will you permit me to make use of your paper to inquire whether any +such are known to any of your readers, and if they will be so +obliging as to communicate their knowledge through the medium of +your columns? As the subject is one of considerable interest, it +would be desirable that _any_ date belonging to the fifteenth +or the early part of the sixteenth century should be made known, and +registered in your valuable publication. + +Permit me also to ask, in connection with this subject, for +references to any works or treatises supplying information on the +history of the Arabic numerals, their origin, and their introduction +into Europe. I am already acquainted with Astle, _On Writing_, +Wallis's _Algebra, Nouveau Traité de Diplomatique_, the +_Huctiana_, Pegge's _Life of Grostête_, and the +_Philosophical Transactions_; but I wish for additional, and, +if possible, more recent information. + +Does any one of your readers know what became of the MSS. formerly +in the possession of the above-named Thomas Astle, formerly Keeper +of the Tower Records? In Sir W. Burrell's Sussex collections in the +British Museum are copies of charters, "ex MSS. penes T. Aste," with +notices of curious seals appended, which I should be glad to be able +to inspect. + +E.V. + + +_Stephen Eiton, or Eden's "Acta Regis Edw. II._"--The +interesting account of St. Thomas of Lancaster, with the appended +queries (No. 12. p. 181.), reminds me of the work of Stephen Eiton +or Eden, a canon-regular of Warter, in Yorkshire, entitled, "Acta +Regis Edwardi iidi," which is said still to remain in manuscript. +Where is it deposited? + +T.J. + + +_Dog Latin._--Permit me also to ask, what is the origin of the +expression "Dog Latin"? + +T.J. + + +_The Cuckoo--the Welch Ambassador._--In Middleton's _A Trick +to Catch the Old One_, Act iv. sc. 5., Dampet says:-- + + "Why, thou rogue of universality, do I not know thee? Thy + sound is like the cuckoo, the Welch Embassador." + +And the editor of the continuation of Dodsley's +_Collection_ remarks on the passage,-- + + "Why the cuckoo is called the Welch Embassador, I know not." + +{231}Perhaps some of your readers can explain why the cuckoo is so +called. + +G. + + +_A recent Novel_.--Having lately met with an extremely rare +little volume, the title of which runs thus: "La prise d'un Seigneur +Ecossois et de ses gens qui pilloient les navires pescheurs de +France, ensemble le razement de leur fort et le rétablissement d'un +autre pour le service du Roi ... en la Nouvelle France ... par le +sieur Malepart. Rouen, le Boullenger, 1630. 12o. 24pp." I was +reminded of a modern novel, the principal scenes of which are laid +in an island inhabited by a British nobleman of high rank, who, +having committed a political crime, had been reported dead, but was +saved by singular circumstances, and led the life of a buccaneer. +Can any of your numerous readers be good enough to mention the title +of the novel alluded to, which has escaped my memory? + +ADOLPHUS. + + +_Authorship of a Couplet_.--Can you help me to the authorship +of the following lines?-- + + "Th' unhappy have whole days, and those they choose; + The happy have but hours, and those they lose." + +P.S. + + +_Seal of Killigrew, and Genealogy of the Killigrew +Family_.--"BURIENSIS" (No. 13. p. 204.) is informed that the arms +on the seal at Sudbury are certainly those of a member of the old +Cornish house of Killigrew. These arms, impaled by those of Lower, +occur on a monument at Llandulph, near Saltash, to the memory of Sir +Nicholas Lower, and Elizabeth his wife, who died in 1638. She was a +daughter of Sir Henry Killegrewe, of London, and a near relative, I +believe, of the Master of the Revels. + +While on this subject, I beg to put a query to your genealogical +readers. The double-headed eagle, the bordure bizantée, and the +demilion charged with bezants, are all evident derivations from the +armorial bearings of Richard, titular king of the Romans, Earl of +Cornwall, &c., second son of King John. The family of Killegrewe is +of venerable antiquity in Cornwall. What I wish to ascertain is, the +nature of the connection between the family and that unfortunate +"king." Was it one of consanguinity, or merely one of feudal +dependence? + +MARK ANTONY LOWER. + +*** See, on the origin of the arms of Richard and their derivatives, +my _Curiosities of Heraldry_, pp. 309. et seq. + + * * * * * + + +REPLIES. + +SELAGO AND SAMOLUS. + +In common with the mistletoe and vervain the Druids held the Selago +and Samolus as sacred plants, and never approached them but in the +most devout and reverential manner. When they were gathered for +religious purposes the greatest care was taken lest they should fall +to the earth, for it was an established principle of Druidism, that +every thing that was sacred would be profaned if allowed to touch +the ground; hence their solicitude to catch the anguinum: + + + "------------------When they bear + Their wond'rous egg aloof in air: + Thence before to earth it fall, + The Druid in his hallow'd pall + Receives the prize." + +Pliny, in his _Natural History_ (lib. xxiv. cap. 11.) +gives a circumstantial account of the ceremonies +used by the Druids in gathering the Selago and +Samolus, and of the uses to which they were applied:-- + + + "Similis berbæ huie sabinæ est Selago appellata. Legitur + sine ferro dextra manu per tunicam, qua sinistra + exuitur velut a furante, candida veste vestito, pureque + lotis nudis pedibus, saero facto priusquam legatur, + pane vinoque. Fertur in mappa nova. Hanc contra omnem + perniciem habendam prodidere Druidæ Gallorum, et contra + omnia oculorum vitia fumum ejus prodesse. + + + "Iidem Samolum herbam nominavere nascentem in humidis: + et hanc sinistra manu legi a jejunis contra morbos suum + boumque, nec respicere legentem: nec alibi quam in + canali, deponere, ibique conterere poturis." + +From the very slight manner in which these plants are described by +Pliny, it is next to impossible to identify them with any degree of +certainty, though many attempts for the purpose have been made. So +far as I know, Pliny is the only ancient author who mentions them, +and we have therefore nothing to guide us beyond what he has said in +this passage. + +The word Selago is supposed to be derived from _se_ and +_lego_, i.e. _quid certo ritu seligeretur_. Linnæus +appropriated the name to a pretty genus of Cape plants, but which +can have nothing whatever to do with the Selago of the Druids. It +has been thought to be the same as the Serratula Chamæpeuce of +Linnæus, but without sufficient reason, for Pliny says it resembles +the savine; and Matthiolus, in his _Commentary on Dioscorides_, +when speaking of the savine (Juniperus Sabina), says:-- + + "Siquidem vidi pro Sabina assumi quandam herbam + dodrantalem quæ quibusdam in montibus plurima nascitur, + folio tamaricis, licet nec odore nec sapore Sabinam + Hanc sæpius existimavi esse Selaginem referat. a Plinio + lib. xxiv. c. 11. commemoratam." + +Samolus, or as some copies read Samosum, is said to be derived +from two Celtic words, _san_, salutary, and _mos_, pig; +denoting a property in the plant which answers to the description of +Pliny, who says the Gauls considered the Samolus as a specific in +all maladies of swine and cattle. {232}But there is not less +difficulty in identifying this plant than in the former case. Some +have thought it the same as the little marsh plant, with small white +flowers, which Linnæus calls Samolus Valerandi, while others +consider it to be the Anemone Pulsatilla. I am ignorant of the +salutary properties of these plants, and must leave it to be decided +which of them has the greatest claims to be considered the Samolus +of Pliny. + +G.M. + + +Is there any English translation of Ælian's _Various History_, +or of the work ascribed to the same author on the _Peculiarities +of Animals_? + +East Winch. Jan. 1850. + + +_Selago and Samolus_.--The Selago (mentioned by "PWCCA," No. +10. p. 157.), in Welsh _Gras Duw_ (Gratia Dei), was held by the +Druids as a charm against all misfortunes; they called it _Dawn y +Dovydd_, the gift of the Lord. They also ascribed great virtues +to the Samolus, which was called _Gwlydd_, mild or tender. All +that can be known respecting the Selago and Samolus, may be seen in +Borlase's _Antiquities of Cornwall_. + +GOMER. + + * * * * * + + +ÆLFRIC'S COLLOQUY. + +In the Anglo-Saxon _Gloss_, to Ælfric's Latin dialogue, +_higdifatu_ is not, I conceive, an error of the scribe, but a +variation of dialect, and therefore, standing in no need of +correction into _hydigfatu_ ("NOTES and QUERIES," No. 13.). +_Hig, hi_ and _hy_, are perfectly identical, and nothing +is more usual in A.S. than the omission of the final _g_ after +_i_; consequently, _hig=hy, di=dig_, therefore _higdi=hydig_. +Mr. Singer's reading of _cassidilia_ for _culidilia_, I consider +to be well-founded. + +His conjecture, that _sprote_=Goth. _sprauto_, has +something very specious about it, and yet I must reject it. That +useful and sagacious author, Dr. Kitchener, tells us, that there is +only one thing to be done in a hurry (or _sprauto_); and even +if he had not informed us what that one thing is, very few indeed +would ever have imagined that it was _fish_-catching. The word +_sprote_ was a puzzle to me, and I had often questioned myself +as to its meaning, but never could get a satisfactory answer; nor +was it until some time after the publication of the 2nd edition of +my _Analecta_ that it occurred to me that it might signify a +wicker or _sallow_ basket (such as is still in use for the +capture of eels), from Lat. _sporta_, whence the German +_sportel_. My conjecture, of _salice_ for the _salu_ +of the text, was based on the possibility that the apparatus might +somehow or other be made of the _salix_. + +I beg leave to inform "SELEUCUS," that _The Phoenix_, with an +English version, and with the Latin original, is to be found in the +_Codex Exoniensis_, edited by me, in 1842, for the Society of +Antiquaries. The Latin ascribed to Lactantius, is printed in the +Variourum edition of Claudian, and, I believe, in the editions of +Lactantius. + +Jan. 30, 1850. + +B. THORPE. + + * * * * * + + +PORTRAITS OF LUTHER AND ERASMUS. + +Your correspondent, "R.G." (No. 13. p. 203.), is correct in +supposing the _wood-cut_ portrait of Luther to be that which is +prefixed to the treatise "De Captivitate Babylonica Ecclesiæ," where +he is habited as a monk; but it was evidently only a copy from the +very interesting copper-plate engraving of his friend Lucas Cranach, +bearing the date 1520, of which a very accurate copy was prefixed to +the translation of "Luther's Way to Prayer," published by Mr. +Pickering in 1846. Juncker's book is a very good repertory of the +various representations of the great reformer, but the prints are +generally but faithless copies. In 1750 Kirchmayer printed an +especial disquisition upon the portrait by Lucas Cranach of 1523, +under the following title:--"Disquisitio Historia de Martini Lutheri +Oris et Vultus Habitu Hervieo ad vivum expresso in Imagine divine +pencilli Lucæ Cranachj patris in ære hic incisa," &c., Wittebergæ +Sax. 1750, 4to. The works in which the Germans have sought to do +honour to their great protestant saint, are numerous enough to fill +a small library but two of them are so remarkable as to deserve +notice, 1. "Luther's Merkwürdige Lebensumstande bey seiner +Medicinalischen Leibesconstitution, Krankheiten, geistlichen und +leiblichen Anfectungen und andern Zufallen, &c., von F.G. Keil," +Leipsig, 1764. 2. "Luther's Merkwürdige Reisegeschichte zu Erganzung +seiner Lebensumstande, von Jo. Th. Lingke," Leipsig, 1769, 4to. The +earliest wood-cut representation of Erasmus with which I am +acquainted is a medallion accompanying another of Ulric of Hutten, +on the title-page of the following work of the unfortunate but +heroic champion of the Reformation:--"Ulrichi ab Hutten cum Erasmo +Rotirodamo, Presbytero, Theologo, Expostulatio." There is reason to +believe that this Expostulation was printed only a short month +before Hutten died; and, though it bears neither date nor name of +printer, that it was printed by Johannes Schott, at Strasburg, in +the month of July, 1523. It has another portrait of Hutten at the +end, the whole strikingly spirited and characteristic; by some they +have been attributed to Holbein, and if not by him, which is +doubtful, they are at least worthy of him. + +One would gladly forget this strife between the great promoter of +learning and the soldier-scholar. Erasmus's conduct was unworthy of +a great man, and can never be vindicated. + +S.W.S. + + * * * * * + +{233} REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. + +_Praise undeserved_.--The correct quotation, referred to in No. +14. p. 222., is + + "Praise undeserved is _Satire_ in disguise." + +It is by Mr. Br----st, author of a copy of verses called the +_British Beauties_. I cannot fill up the "hiatus," which in +this case is not "maxime deflendus," because I have now no time to +search the Museum Catalogue. I apprehend that the author belonged to +the "mob of gentlemen who wrote with ease," as it is something like +Savage's "tenth transmitter" (which, by the bye, your correspondent, +Mr. Gutch, should have said is _said_ to be Pope's)--his +_only good_ line. Here is my authority: + + +EPIGRAM + +_On a certain line of Mr. Br----, author of a copy of verses +called the "British Beauties."--From the_ "GARLAND," _a +collection of Poems_, 1721. + + "When one good line did much my wonder raise + In Br----st's works, I stood resolved to praise; + And had, but that the modest _author_ cries, + _Praise undeserv'd is satire in disguise_." + +I would add, that I believe this Epigram to be Dr. Kenrick's, +Goldsmith's old persecutor in later years. + +JAMES H. FRISWELL + + +_French Maxim_.--I beg to inform your correspondent "R.V." in +reply to his query (No. 14. p. 215.), that the maxim quoted is the +218th of Rochefoucauld: "L'hypocrisie est un hommage que le vice +rend à la vertu." + +J.H.F. + + +_Singular Motto_.--The "singular motto" which occasions +"P.H.F.'s" wonder (No. 14. p. 214.), is, without doubt, a cypher, +and only to be rendered by those who have a Key. Such are not +unfrequent in German, Austrian, or Bohemian Heraldry. + +J.H.F. + + +_Discurs. Modest._--At p. 205. No. 13., your correspondent N. +replies to A.T.'s query, that "there can be no reasonable doubt, +that the _original_ authority for _Rem transubstantiationis +patres ne altigisse quidem_, is William Watson in his _Quodlibet_, +ii. 4. p. 31." + +By a note of mine, I find that this secular priest, W. Watson, lays +the expression in question to the charge of the Jesuits as "an +heretical and most dangerous assertion of theirs." Admitting, +therefore, the _Discurs. Modest_. to have been published after +Watson's _Decacordon_, i.e. later than 1602 (which can hardly +be doubted), still the further question remains to be asked: "In +what writings of the Jesuits, prior to 1602, had W. Watson himself +found these words, with which he charges them?" Should you think +this further query of importance enough to find a place in your +paper, perhaps some one of your readers might throw yet another ray +of light upon this subject. + +J.S. + +Oxford + + +_Pallace_ (No. 13. p. 202).--Mr. Halliwell, in his +_Dictionary of Archaic, &c. Words_, explains this word as used +in Devonshire:-- + + "_Palace_, a Storehouse."--_Devon_. "At Dartmouth, + I am told there are some of these storehouses, called + palaces, cut out of the rock, still retaining the name." + --_MS Devon. Gloss_. + +C.W.G. + + +_Meaning of "Pallace_".--The term "Pallace" (No. 13. p. 202.) +is applied in Totnes to denote a landing-place inclosed by walls, +but not roofed in. Many of these "pallaces" have been converted into +coal-cellars. Perhaps _pales_ may have been used originally to +form these inclosures in lieu of walls;--and hence the word +"pallace" would mean a place paled in. I find repeated mention made +of "pallaces" in a schedule attached to a deed of the Corporation of +Totnes, bearing date September 18th, 1719, a copy of which is now +before me, and from it the following extracts are taken:-- + + "One linney and two _pallaces_ or yards." + + "All those houses, rooms, cellars, and _pallaces_." + + "All that great cellar lately rebuilt, and _the plott of ground + or pallace_ thereto belonging lately converted into a cellar." + + "All that little cellar and _pallace_ lately rebuilt, and + the kay or landing place thereto belonging, and near adjoyning + unto and upon the river Dart." + + "And the little _pallace_ or _landing-place_." + +_Apropos_ of _landing-places_, it may interest some of +your readers to learn that the _very stone_ upon which Brutus, +the nephew of Æneas, landed at Totnes, still remains! It is inserted +in the foot-way nearly opposite the Mayoralty-house in the Fore +Street. From Totnes, the neighbouring shore was heretofore called +_Totonese_: and the _British History_ tells us, that _Brutus_, +the founder of the British nation, arrived here; and _Havillanus_ +[John de _Alvilla_ or _Hauteville_, according to Mr. Wright] as +a poet, following the same authority, writes thus:-- + + "Inde dato cursu, _Brutus_ comitatus Achate + Gallorum spoliis cumulatis navibus aequor + Exarat, et superis auraque faventibus usus, + _Littora felices intrat Totonesia portus_." + + "From hence great Brute with his Achates steer'd, + Full fraught with Gallic spoils their ships appear'd; + The Winds and Gods were all at their command, + _And happy Totnes shew'd them grateful land_." + +_Gibson's Camden_. + + +Totnes is made mention of the _Lais de Marie_:-- + + "Il tient sun chemin tut avant. + A la mer vient, si est passer, + En _Toteneis_ est arriver."--_Lai d'Elidne_. + +J. MILNER BARRY, M.D. + +Totnes, Devon, Jan. 30. 1850. + + +{234} +_Litany Version of the Psalms_.--The doubts produced by Beloe's +self-contradicting statements on the subject of the Bishops' Bible, +which are referred to by "X.X." (No. 13. p. 203.), may thus be +settled. The first edition of this Bible, printed in 1568, contains +a new translation of the Psalms by Becon. In the second folio +edition, 1572, are inserted, in opposite columns, "the translation +according to the Ebrewe," which differs but little from the former, +in Roman letter, and "the translation used in common prayer," or +that of the Great Bible, printed by Whitchurch, 1553, in black +letter. + +The clarum et venerabile nomen associated with the Bishops' Bible, a +very magnificent and perfect copy of which is now open before me, +suggests the inquiry whether there is any copy known of Archbishop +Parker's rare volume on the English Church, 1572, which is not +noticed by Martin in the list of eighteen which he had discovered. +He does not mention that in the Chetham library. + +T. JONES. + + +_Tempora mutantur &c_.--In reply to your correspondent, "E.V." +(No. 14. p. 215.), I beg to state, that the _germ_ of "Tempora +mutantur, et nos mutamur in illis," is to be found in the _Delitiæ +Poetarium Germanorum_, vol. i. p. 685., under the Poems of +Matthias Borbonius. He considers them as a saying of Lotharius I. +(flor. Cir. 830.):-- + + "Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis; + Illa vices quasdam res habet, illa suas." + +I sent this communication, some years ago, to _Sharpe's +Magazine_, where it will be found, vol. v. p. 208. + +L.S. + + +_Pandoxare_.--Your correspondent, "H.B." (No. 13. p. 202.), has +lighted upon a curious specimen of domestic hieroglyphics, the +notice of which recalls to mind the quaint marginal symbols +scattered over the inventories of the Exchequer Treasury, at a much +earlier period. They are not devoid of information or interest. The +word of which he requests explanation, is, indeed, of too base +Latinity to be found in the _Facciolati_, or even in the +_Auctarium_; but in our old Latin dictionaries, sources of +abundant information on obsolete expressions, the word is readily to +be found. Old Gouldman, for instance, whose columns are replete with +uncommon and local English terms, gives "_Pandoxor_, to brew," +citing Alciatus as authority, and "_Pandox_, a swill-bowl," +apparently a word used by Statius. It is obviously a barbarous +derivative of the same Greek words as _Pandocium_ or _Pandoxarium_ +([Greek: pan] and [Greek: docheion]), the hostelry open to +all comers. If, however, a more recondite authority for the +explanation of the word, as formerly used in England, be +desired, I would refer your querist to the pages of the +_Promptorium Parvulorum_, where may be found--"Bruwyn ale or +other drynke, _Pandoxor_. Browstar, or brewere, _Pandoxator, +Pandoxatrix_", the medieval Bass or Guinness having been, most +frequently, a female. And, having cited the primitive lexicographer +of Norfolk, I would seize the occasion to offer a note, in response +to the numerous queries regarding the too tardy advance of the work +in question, and to assure your readers, who may be interested in +the publications of the Camden Society, that a further instalment of +the _Promptorium_ is in forwardness, so that I hope to complete +a considerable portion, in readiness for issue, early in the current +year. + +ALBERT WAY. + + +_Saint Thomas of Lancaster_.--Not having Brady at hand, I +cannot tell what authorities he cites; but, as Mr. Milnes (No. 12. +p. 181.) does not mention Rymer, he perhaps may not know that he +will find in that collection some documentary evidence on the +subject of this saint, if saint he was; for instance-- + + "_Super rumore Thomam nuper Comitem Lancastriæ miraculis + corruscuri_."--Rym. Foed. iii. p. 1033. A.D. 1323. + "Quod," adds the king, "moleste gerimus." + +But Edward III. was of quite another mind, and urged his +canonization of the Holy See. Witness Rymer:-- + + "_Ad Papam; pro canonisatione Thomae nuper Comitis + Lancastriæ_."--Foed. iv. p. 2. A.D. 1326. + +And again-- + + "_Pro custodi_" (Weryngton mentioned by Mr. Milnes), + "_Capellæ ad montem ubi nuper comes Lancastriæ decollatus + fuit_."--Ib. p. 291. + +It seems that the bodies of some of Thomas's accomplices were also +supposed to have worked miracles; for we find an ordinance-- + + "_Contra Fingentes miracula fieri per inimicos Regis_." + --Rym. Foed. iv. p. 20. A.D. 1323. + +Andrews says (_Hist_. i. 342.) that Richard II. renewed the +application for Thomas's canonization; but he does not give his +authority, and I have not time to look further through Rymer. + +p. 184. _Jhon-John_.--I wonder Mr. Williams does not see that the +_h_ is not "_introduced_" for any purpose; it is an integral +part of the original name _Johannes_, which was contracted +into _Johan_, and in French into _Jehan_. + +p. 185. _Slang Phrases_.--"_A Rowland for an Oliver_" is +no slang phrase of the eighteenth century; it is a proverbial +expression as old as the days of the romances of _Roland_ and +_Olivier_. The other two were phrases put into the mouths of +two characters (Dr. Ollapod, in Colman's _Poor Gentleman_, and +Young Rapid, in Morton's _Cure for the Heart-ache_), which grew +into vogue only from the success of the actors Fawcett and Lewis, +and had no meaning or allusion beyond what the words obviously +meant. + +C. + + +{235}_Full of Rain in England._--"ROYDON" (No. 11. p. 73) will +find the average quantity of rain fallen at Greenwich, for +twenty-five years, 1815 to 1839, in a very useful and clever +pamphlet, price 1s., by J.H. Belville, of the Royal Observatory, +published by Taylor, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, called _Manual +of the Mercurial and Aneroid Barometers._ + +HENRY WILKINSON + + +_Judas Bell_--(No. 13, p. 195). In the "Flyting of Dunbar and +Kennedie," a singular Scotch Poem, composed in the former half of +the 16th century, and printed in Ramsay's _Evergreen_, the +following passage occurs (_Everg._ vol. ii. p. 74.):-- + + "A Benefice quha wald give sic a Beist, + But gif it were to jingle _Judas bells_? + Tak thee a Fiddle or a Flute to jest, + Undocht thou art, ordained for naithing ells." + +The Judas bells may probably have been used in the Easter-eve +ceremonies, in connexion with which we find _Judas candles_ +mentioned. See Brand's _Popular Antiq._ by Sir H. Ellis, vol. +i. p. 29. + +C.W.G. + + +_Boduc or Boduoc on British Coins_.--The real name of the +heroic queen of the Iceni is very uncertain. Walther (Tacitus, xiv. +Ann. c. 31.), adopts Boudicea. It is probable enough that the +syllables Boduo may have formed a part of it, as pronounced by the +Britons. We are reminded of Boduognatus, leader of the Nervii, +mentioned by Cæsar. But to come nearer home, the name Boduogenus is +found upon a bronze vessel discovered in the Isle of Ely, described +by Mr. Goddard Johnson, _Archæologia_, xxviii. p. 436. + +C.W.G. + + +_Lord Bacon's Metrical Version of the Psalms._--Lord Bacon's +translation of seven psalms, the 1st, 12th, 90th, 104th, 126th, +127th, and 149th, with a Dedication to George Herbert, is found at +the end of the 2nd vol. of his works. (Lond. 1826.) They were +printed at London, 1625, in quarto. + +C.W.G. + + [To this we may add, on the information of X.X., that some account + of these Psalms, with specimens, may be seen in Holland's + _Psalmists of Britain_, 1824.] + + +_A "Gib" Cat._--What is the etymology of the term "Gibbe," as +applied to the male cat? I may observe that the _g_ is pronounced +_hard_ in this locality, and not _jibbe_, as most dictionaries +have it. + +Burnley, Lancashire. + +T.T.W. + + [NARES has shown, very satisfactorily, that _Gib_, the + contraction of _Gilbert_, was the name formerly applied to a + cat, as _Tom_ is now. He states that _Tibert_ (the name + given to the Cat in the old Reynard the Fox) was the old French for + _Gilbert_; and at all events, be that as it may, Chaucer, in + his _Romance of the Rose_, verse 6204., translates "Thibert le + Cas" by "Gibbe our Cat."] + + +_Lay of the Phoenix._--"SELEUCUS" is informed that the +Anglo-Saxon Lay of the Phoenix is contained in the _Codex +Exoniensis_, edited by Mr. B. Thorpe. The Latin poem, in +hexameters and pentameters, attributed to Lactantius, is given at +the foot of the page. It will be found at the end of the works of +Lactantius, in the small edition by Fritzsche (Lipsiæ, 1842). +Fritzsche mentions two separate editions of the poem; 1. by Martini, +Lunæburgi, 1825; 2. by Leyser, Quedlinburgi, 1839. + +C.W.G. + + +_Lay of the Phoenix._--"SELEUCUS" (No. 13, p. 203.) asks, "Is +there any published edition of the hexameter poem by Lactantius, +which is said to have suggested the idea of the Anglo-Saxon _Lay +of the Phoenix_?" This poem is not in hexameter, but in elegiac +verse; and though, on account of its brevity, we could not expect +that it would have been separately published, it is to be found very +commonly at the end of the works of Lactantius; for example, in +three editions before me, Basil. 1524, Lugd. 1548, Basil. 1563. That +this poem, however, belongs to the Christian Cicero, at any period +of his life, is more than doubtful, even by the admission of +Romanists, who readily avail themselves of other compositions of +similar authority. It has been sometimes ascribed to Venantius +Fortunatus, and is by Sirmondus attributed to Theodulphus, Bishop of +Orleans. (_Opp._, ii. 840. cf. iv. 519. Venet. 1728.) + +R.G. + + +_Ordination Pledges._--Your correspondent, "CLERICUS" (no. 10. +p. 156.), will find by far the most elaborate and judicious +examination of the import, design, and obligation of the various +oaths and subscriptions required of the clergy, in the successive +numbers of _The Christian Observer_ for 1849. + +E.V. + + +_Feast of St, Michael and All-Angels._--The difficulty started +by "K.M.P." (No. 13, p. 203.), with regard to the double second +lessons for the Feast of St. Michael and All-Angels, is easily +resolved by comparing the Table of Proper Lessons before and after +the last review of the _Prayer Book_ in 1662; from which it +will be seen, that the proper _second_ lessons were then +appointed for the first time, while the old second lessons for Sept. +29. were retained, either from inadvertence, or to avoid the +necessity of disarranging all the subsequent part of the calendar. +The present first lessons, Gen. xxxii., and Dan. x. v. 5., at the +same time took the place of the inappropriate chapters, Eccles. +xxxix. and xliv., which had been appointed for this day in Queen +Elizabeth's Prayer Book, 1559. + +E. V. + + +_Beaver Hat._--Mr. T. Hudson Turner (No. 7. p. 100.) asks, +"What is the earliest known instance of the use of a _beaver +hat_ in England?" + +(236}Fairholt (_Costume in England_) says, the earliest notice +of it is in the reign of Elizabeth, and gives the following +quotation from Stubbe's _Anatomy of Abuses,_ 1580:-- + + "And as the fashions be rare and strange, so is the stuff + whereof their hats be made divers also; for some are + of silk, some of velvet, some of taffetie, some of sarcenet, + some of wool, and, which is more curious, some of a certain + kind of fine haire; these they call _bever hattes_, of + xx, xxx, or xl shillings price, fetched from beyond the seas, + from whence a great sort of other varieties doe come besides." + +GASTROS. + + +_Meaning of "Pisan."_--Mr. Turner (No. 7. p.100.) asks the +meaning of the term _pisan_, used in old records for some part +of defensive armour. + +Meyrick (_Ancient Armour_, vol. i. p. 155, 2d ed.) gives a +curious and interesting inventory of the arms and armour of Louis le +Hutin, King of France, taken in the year 1316, in which we find, +"Item 3 coloretes _Pizanes_ de jazeran d'acier." He describes +_pizane_ (otherwise written _pizaine, pusen, pesen_) as a +collar made, or much in fashion, at Pisa. The jazeran armour was +formed of overlapping plates. In the metrical romance of _Kyng +Alisaunder_, edited by Webber, occur the lines-- + + "And Indiens, and Emaniens, + With swordes, lances, and _pesens._" + +Weber explains the _pesens_ here as gorgets, armour for the +neck. + +In more recent MSS. _pisan_ may be a contraction for +_partisan_, a halberd. + +I cannot agree with your correspondent "A.F." (p.90), that the nine +of diamonds was called "the curse (cross) of Scotland" from its +resemblance to the cross of St. Andrew, which has the form of the +Roman X; whereas the pips on the nine of diamonds are arranged in +the form of the letter H. "Mend the instance." + +Erratum. P. 181 col. 2. line 3., for _obscurities_, read +_obscenities._ + +Cambridge, Jan. 31. 1850. + +GASTROS. + + +_Pokership--God tempers the Wind_.--I am disposed to think that +_Parkership_ will turn out to be the right explanation, because +almost every forest or chase contained a _fenced park_, in +which the deer were confined; and the charge of the woods and park +might be consigned to the same person; and the error in spelling the +word was probably copied from one genealogist to another. + +Nevertheless, Mr. Corney's conjecture may be right, as Forby +(_Vocabulary,_ vol. ii. p. 258.) mentions Poke-Day as the day +on which the allowance of corn is made to the labourers, _who, in +some places, receive a part of their wages in that form._ Now the +_Pokerer_ might be the officer who distributed the grain on +these occasions. + +I open my note to add, that Mr. Gutch (No. 14. p. 211.) will find, +in Sterne's _Sentimental Journey_,--"_God tempers the wind_," +said Maria, "to the shorn lamb." + +The words which I have underlined are printed in Italics in my +edition of the work (London, 12mo. 1790), which may indicate that +they are quoted from some other author. + +BRAYBROOKE. + +Audley End, Feb. 2. + + +_Walewich or Watewich._--I have made the reference suggested by +"W.B.M." + +Canute was residing at Walewich, and the Abbot of Ely was +consecrated there by the Archbishop of Canterbury. This "Walewich" +can be no obscure place, and we need not look for it in +Cambridgeshire. + +I am inclined to think that the word ought to have been written +Warewich, _i.e._ Warwick. + +Soham Mere (Mare de Soham) once covered 1369-1/2 acres.--Lyson's +_Cambridge_, 254. + +Portum Pusillum, if not Littleport, was a place upon the Cam or the +Ouse, within sight of Ely Minster. + +Does your correspondent suppose that Northmouth was among the fens? +If so, he may consult _Inquisitio Eliensis_, or Dugdale's Map +of the Bedford Level, which is in the Museum. + +J.F.M. + +Dec. 22. + + +_Madoc's Emigration to America._--"ANGLO-CAMBRIAN" (No. 4. p. +57.), in contradiction to the occurrence of Madoc's emigration, has +adduced what he supposes to be a gross anachronism in the words +"Madoc was directed by the _best compass_, and this in 1170!" +Now, unfortunately for this opinion, the passage on which it is +founded will not allow of his interpretation. The original words are +in Sir Thomas Herbert's _Travels_, and, in his expressive +language, they are as follows:--"By Providence, the best compass, +and benefit of the pole-star, he returned safely to his own +country." Most certainly this cannot imply that Madoc was acquainted +with the mariner's compass. + +"J.M.T." also seems to give great weight to the fact of a +"Welsh-Indian vocabulary" having been formed, containing no trace of +any Celtic root. This seems conclusive, yet it is not so; for I have +some words, extracted from a vocabulary of the Mandan (Indian) +language made by Mr. Catlin, during his sojourn among them, all of +which, with very slight allowance for corruption, are clearly Welsh. +Mr. Catlin believes the Mandans to have been descended from the +followers of Prince Madoc, from the strong evidence which he +considers his stay among them afforded him, and detailed in his work +on the Indians. I regret to add, that the Mandans have been +exterminated by the small-pox and the weapons of their enemies. I +have long taken a deep, because a national, interest in this +question, and have endeavoured to examine in the spirit of that +noble {237}precept, which ought to be bound up with the existence of +every _Cymro_, "The truth against the world." Consequently, I +have found that much of what is put forth as evidence on this +question is, as Mr. Corney has very justly intimated, quite +inadmissible; in short, unworthy of belief. Still, the inquiry has +afforded me sufficient reasons for viewing the question of Prince +Madoc's emigration as a fact, and for supporting it as such as far +as my humble testimony will allow. + +GOMER. + + +_Caerphili Castle_.--With reference to "PWCCA'S" query (No. 10. +p. 157.), it may be noted that _Full_ is the Welsh word for +"haste," and, if the _derivatur_, must allude to the original +structure having been hastily erected. + +GOMER. + + +_Origin of word Bug_.--I should feel obliged by your informing +me whether the word _Bug_ is not of _Celtic_ origin, signifying +a "_Ghost_ or _Goblin_?" Vide Shakespeare's _Taming of the Shrew_, +Act I. Scene II.:-- + + "Tush, tush, fright boys with _bugs_." + +And whether, in _Mathews'_ Bible, A.D. 1537, the 5th verse of +the 91st Psalm is not thus rendered:-- + + "Thou shalt not need to be afraid of any _bugs_ by night"? + +literally, in the Hebrew, "_Terror_ of the night." + +J.P. + + [_Bug_ in Welsh means a ghost or goblin. It is probably the + same with the Icelandic _Paki_, an evil spirit. But on this + etymology our correspondent can consult an article by Sir F. + Palgrave, on the "Popular Mythology of the Middle Ages." in the + _Quarterly Review_, vol. xxii.; a paper, by Mr. Thoms, on the + "Folk Lore of Shakspeare," No. 6.; "Puck's several Names," in _The + Athenæum_, Oct. 9. 1847; and lastly, Mr. Keightley's most + interesting work, _The Fairy Mythology_. vol. ii. p. 118., of + which we are happy to hear that a new and enlarged edition may + shortly be expected.] + + * * * * * + + +MISCELLANIES. + +_Excecution of Duke of Monmouth._--Among the memorials of the +"rash but unfortunate Duke of Monmouth," which have recently +attracted much attention, and for which the public are principally +indebted to certain inquiries originated in the "NOTES AND QUERIES," +I have not observed any notice taken of an anecdote respecting him, +which is current among our neighbours on the Continent; namely, that +he gave six guineas to the executioner, the JOHN KETCH of that day, +to perform his work well!-- + + "Le Duc de Monmout donna six guinées au Bourreau de Londres, + pour lui bien couper la tête; mais le misérable ne mérroit + par ces guinées, puisqu'il la lui coupa très mal." + + +This anecdote is introduced, in the form of a note, into the folio +Dictionary of Pierre Richelet, a most valuable work, and full of +history, ancient and modern. Can any of your correspondents produce +the authority for this anecdote? Richelet himself does not give any, +but merely relates the story, apparently with a view of illustrating +the term "guinea," as applied to the gold coin of Charles the +Second. Vid, voc. "_Guinée_." + +J.I. + + +_By Hook or by Crook_.--I send you a note, which I made some +years ago. + +This expression is much more ancient than the time of Charles I., to +which it is generally referred. It occurs in Skelton, _Colin +Clout_, line 31. _a fine_:-- + + "Nor wyll suffer this boke + _By hooke ne by crooke_ + Prynted for to be." + +In Spenser, f. 2. v. ii. 27.:-- + + "Thereafter all that mucky pelfe he tooke, + The spoile of peoples evil gotten good, + The which her sire had serap't by hooke and crooke, + And burning all to ashes pour'd it down the brooke." + +In Holland's _Suetonius_, p. 169:-- + + "Likewise to get, to pill and poll _by hooke and crooke_ + so much, as that----" + +In a letter of Sir Richard Morysin to the Privy +Council, in Lodges _Illustrations, &c_., i. 154:-- + + "Ferrante Gonzaga, d'Arras, and Don Diego, are in a leage, + utterlie bent to myslyke, and to charge _by hook or by + crooke_, anything don, or to be don, by the thre fyrst." + +L.S. + + +_Cupid Crying_.--The beautiful epigram upon this subject, which +appeared in No. 11 p. 172., was kindly quoted, "for its extreme +elegance," by the _Athenæum_ of the 26th January, which +produced the following communication to that journal of Saturday +last:-- + +"Will the correspondent of the 'NOTES AND QUERIES,' whose pretty +epigram appears copied into your _Athenæum_ of Saturday last, +accept the following as a stop-gap pending the discovery of the +Latin original? + + "En lacrymosus Amor! Fidem quia perdidit arcum + Vapulat! Exultans Cælia tela tenet. + Ast illam potuitne Puer donare sagittis? + Subrisit:--Matrem credidit esse suam. + +"[Greek: Amorphota]. 5." + + +_Miry-land Town._--As an addition to the note of "J.R.F." (p. +167. No. 11.) on Miry-land Town, and by way of corroboration of his +reading, I may just mention that the towns and villages in the Weald +of Kent are familiarly spoken of as places "down in the mud," by the +inhabitants of other parts of the country. Those who are acquainted +with the Weald will agree that this designation is not undeserved. + +HENRY KERSLEY. + + + * * * * {238} + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +The Surtees Society, for the publication of inedited MSS. +illustrative of the intellectual, moral, religious, and social +condition of those parts of the United Kingdom which constitute the +ancient kingdom of Northumberland, has been remodelled. The +subscription for the year is one guinea, and the works in immediate +preparation are, 1. "The Injunctions and other Ecclesiastical +Proceedings of Richard Barnes, Bishop of Durham (1577-87);" and, 2. +"The Anglo-Saxon Hymnarium." + +We have great pleasure in directing attention to the _Exhibition +of Works of Ancient and Mediæval Art_ which is to be opened in +the Adelphi next month. + +This is a great opportunity for forming an Exhibition of a novel and +most interesting kind, one which is calculated both to interest and +amuse the archæologist and the public, and to instruct the artizan +and the manufacturer. We sincerely hope possessors of articles +suitable for exhibition, will not fail to take advantage of it. They +should immediately enter into communication with the Honorary +Secretary to the Exhibition, at the rooms of the Society of Arts, or +they will be too late. + +The _Gentlemen's Magazine_ realizes all our anticipations. The +Reviews are of a very superior order. Justice is done _to_ as +well as _upon_ the authors who have come under notice, and the +original articles are of high value; those upon the _Dea +Sequana_ and the _History of Words_ are especially worthy of +notice. Mr. Waller's papers upon _Christian Iconography_ +promise to be of the highest value. A new career of usefulness and +honour has been opened up to Sylvanus Urban, who seems determined to +merit the addition lately made to his title, and to become what is +really a desideratum in English Literature--a good "_Historical +Review_." + +Messrs. Sotheby and Co. will sell, on Thursday and Friday next, a +very choice Selection of Magnificent Books and Pictorial Works from +the Library of an eminent Collector, including large paper copies of +the Antiquarian Works of Visconti, Montfaucon, &c.; the first four +editions of Shakspeare, and other works of similar high character. + +We have received the following Catalogues:-- + + "Catalogue of most splendid and truly valuable Ancient + Manuscripts upon Vellum and Paper, particularly rich in + History and Topography, Heraldry and County Visitations, + Pedigrees and Family History, Ancient Charters, Royal Grants + and other Documents of peculiar interest to the Antiquary + and Historian, on sale by Thomas Thorpe, 13. Henrietta Street, + Covent Garden; and + + "Bernard Quartch's Catalogue of Foreign and English Books, + selling for Cash at very reduced Prices, at 16. Castle Street, + Leicester Square; comprising Antiquities, History, Heraldry, + Numismatics, Classics, Ethnology, Languages, &c. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +(_In continuation of Lists in Former Nos_.) + +ALANI OPERA. Edit. C. DE NISCH. Antwerp, 1654. + +CLICHTORÆUS, ELUCIDATORIUM ECCLESIASTICUM. Paris, 1556. + +CORNER, PROMPTUARIUM DEVOTIONIS. Vienna, 1672. + + +_Odd Volumes_. + +AMES AND HERBERT'S TYPOGRAPHICAL ANTIQUITIES. By DIBDIN. +Vol. I. + + Letters stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, + to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. + Fleet Street. + + + * * * * * + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +R.J.S. _will find in_ No. 12. p. 188., _an answer to his +query in reply to a previous query in_ No. 8. p. 125. + +F.D. (BRADFORD) _is informed that the_ Towneley Mysteries +_have been printed by the Surtees Society, and the_ Coventry +_and_ Chester Mysteries _by the Shakspeare Society. We have +no doubt the_ Collection of Early Mysteries, _printed at Basle, +may be procured from any of the foreign booksellers_. + +W. _calls our attention to an error in p. 217_. The Field of +Forty Foot-steps_ is a distinct work by Miss Porter, published in +the same collection as_ "Coming Out"_, but not the second title +of that work._ + +J.K.R.W. _Many thanks, although there has not been an opportunity +of using the communications._ + +G.W. _will find the phrase "to dine with Duke Humphrey" very fully +illustrated in Nares_. + +_We are compelled, by want of space, to omit our usual +acknowledgment of_ COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED. + +_We are again compelled to omit many Notes, Queries, and Answers +to Queries which are in type, as well as Answers to Correspondents_. + + * * * * * + +Uniform with "HALLAM'S LITERATURE OF EUROPE." + +Now ready, in 3 vols. 8vo. 42s. + +A HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. With Criticism on particular Works, +and Biographical Notices of Prominent Writers. By GEORGE TICKNOR, +Esq. + +JOHN MURRAY, Albermarle Street. + + * * * * * + +NEW WORK BY LORD LINDSAY. + +This day is published. 3 vols. 8vo. 42s. + +LIVES OF THE LINDSAYS; or, a Memoir of the HOUSES OF CRAWFORD AND +BALCARRES. By LORD LINDSAY. + +Also, by the same Author. 3 vols. 8vo. 31s. 6d. + +SKETCHES of the HISTORY of CHRISTIAN ART. + +JOHN MURRAY, Ablemarle Street. + + * * * * * {239} + +On the 15th of February will be published, No. II., for 1850, of + +JOHN MILLER'S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW, + +On sale at 43, Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square, to be had gratis, +and sent (if required) postage free to any Book-buyer. The prices +are for ready money only. + +It will contain, amongst other subjects, a large collection of Books +on HERALDRY, GENEALOGY, and FAMILY HISTORY, a few Books on ANGLING, +some early ENGLISH DICTIONARIES, Books of POETRY, HISTORY, +TOPOGRAPHY, and ENGRAVINGS, with various works in other interesting +departments of Miscellaneous Literature. + + * * * * * + +A CHRONICLE OF THE KYNGES OF ENGELONDE, from ye Normane Conqueste to +the reygne of our Soveragne Ladie Elizabethe, wythe a summarie +accounte of eache reygne, by G.C.L. A MANUSCRIPT of the last +century, in 4to., calf, very neat, 37 full-length portraits, +water-colour drawings, curiously emblazoned in gold and colours, +with the Arms and Insignia of each Monarch, and numerous other +devices, ornaments and borders, from the library of Sir Gore Ousely, +with a portrait apparently of the executor. 3l. 3s. + +ANNALS OF THE CALEDONIANS, PICTS, AND SCOTS, and of Strathclyde, +Cumberland, Galloway, and Murray, by J. RITSON, Esq. 2 vols cr. 8vo. +Half-bound morocco, extra marble edges, 8s. 6d. 1828. + +BETHAMS (W.) BARONETAGE OF ENGLAND, or the History of the English +Baronets, and such Baronets of Scotland as are of English Families. +5 vols. 4to. Half-calf, neat, with Genealogical Tables, and +Engravings of Armorial Bearings, 1l. 10s. 1801-1808. + +BUCKINGHAM'S ORIENTAL HERALD AND COLONIAL REVIEW, comprising a Mass +of Valuable Writings on the Colonies and their Government. Complete +in 23 vols. 8vo. Half-calf, very neat. 1l. 10s. 1824-1829. + +BUCKINGHAM'S (J.S.) TRAVELS AMONG THE ARAB TRIBES in Mesopotamia, +Asia Minor, Assyria, Media, and Persia. 3 vols. 4to., not uniform in +binding. Maps, Portrait, and upwards of 80 Illustrations, 1l. 17s. +1825-1829. + +BYRON'S (LORD) LETTERS AND JOURNALS, with Notices of his Life, by +THOMAS MOORE. 3 vols. 8vo., illustrated with 41 Engravings by the +Findens, from Designs by Turner, Stanfield, &c., elegantly +half-bound morocco, marbled edges, in the best style, by Hayday, 1l. +8s. 1813. + +DALLAWAY'S INQUIRY INTO THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF HERALDRY IN +ENGLAND. Royal 4to., coloured plates, calf, very neat, 16s. +Gloucester, 1793. + +THE EDINBURGH REVIEW, from its Commencement in 1802 to the Year +1824, forming a valuable Series of the Journal. 40 vols. in 20. +8vo., nearly half-bound in russia, only 2l. 12s. 6d. 1802-1824 + +FRERON L'ANNE LITTERAIRE, from 1754 to 1777, wanting a few +intermediate Volumes. 166 vols. 12mo., calf, neat, 2l. 2s. +1754-1777. + +GALLERY OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN PORTRAITS, with Memoirs by various +distinguished Writers. 7 vols. imp. 8vo. cloth, uncut, top edges +gilt. 168 fine Portraits. 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Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, February 9. 1850. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries 1850.02.09, by Various + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11929 *** diff --git a/11929-h/11929-h.htm b/11929-h/11929-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7619099 --- /dev/null +++ b/11929-h/11929-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2641 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> + + <title>Notes And Queries, Issue 15.</title> + <style type="text/css"> + + /*<![CDATA[*/ + + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5, h6 {text-align: center;} + li {list-style-type: none;} + a {text-decoration: none;} + + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + span.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; + font-size: 8pt;} + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; + width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; + width: 100%;} + hr.adverts {width: 100%; height: 3px; color: black;} + html>body hr.adverts {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; + width:100%;} + .note, .footnote {margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%; + font-size: 0.9em;} + .poem {margin-left:5%; margin-right: 5%; + text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 0em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em;} + + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 2em;} + .verse {margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%; + text-align: left;} + .verse p {margin: 0em 0em 0em 0em;} + .verse p.in {margin-left: 1em;} + .author {text-align: right; margin: 0em 0em 0em 0em;} + .place {margin: 0em 0em 1em 0em;} + .centre {text-align: center; margin-right: 10%; + margin-left: 10%;} + + .toc {width: 80%; + vertical-align: bottom; padding: 2%;} + .sec {width: 3%; text-align: left;} + .art {width: 75%; text-align: left;} + .pno {width: 15%; text-align: right;} + + /*]]>*/ + </style> +</head> + +<body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11929 ***</div> + + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page225" name="page225"></a>{225}</span> +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + + <h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, + GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + <hr /> + + <h3><b>“When found, make a note of.”</b>—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3> + <hr class="full" /> + <table width="100%" summary=""> + <tr> + <td align="left" width="100"><b>No. 15.</b></td> + + <td align="center" width="200"><b>SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 9. 1850. </b></td> + + <td align="right" width="100"><b>Price Threepence. Stamped Edition + 4d.</b></td> + </tr> + </table> + + <hr class="full" /> + + +<h2 align="center">CONTENTS.</h2> +<table class="toc" summary=""> +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">NOTES:—</td> + <td class="pno">Page</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#wages"> Wages in 17th and 19th centuries, by Rev. L.B. Larking</a></td> + <td class="pno">225</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#marlowe">Marlowe and the old Taming of a Shrew, by S. Hickson </a></td> + <td class="pno">226</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#fly">Notes from Fly-Leaves, No. 6., by Rev. J. Jebb </a></td> + <td class="pno">227</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#mono">Shakspeare’s Use of Monosyllables, by C. Forbes</a></td> + <td class="pno">228</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#cunningham">Notes on Cunningham’s London, by E.F. Rimbault</a></td> + <td class="pno">228</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> + </td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">QUERIES:—</td> + <td class="pno"> </td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#folk">Folk Lore (Metrical Charms), by William J. Thoms</a></td> + <td class="pno">229</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#allusions">Allusions in the Homilies</a></td> + <td class="pno">229</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#minorq">Minor Queries:—Pope’s Translations of Horace—Havior—Arabic Numerals—Eaton’s +Edward III.—Dog Latin—Cuckoo, Welsh +Ambassador—A recent Novel—Authorship of a couplet—Seal +of Killigrew</a></td> + <td class="pno">230</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> + </td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">REPLIES:—</td> + <td class="pno"> </td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#selago">Selago and Samolus</a></td> + <td class="pno">231</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#aelfric">Ælfric’s Colloquy, by B. Thorpe</a></td> + <td class="pno">232</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#portraits">Portraits of Luther and Erasmus</a></td> + <td class="pno">232</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#minorr"> Replies to Minor Queries:—Praise undeserved—French + Maxim—Singular Motto—Discurs, Modest.—Pallace + —Litany Version of the Psalms—Tempora Mutantur, + &c.—Pandoxare—St. Thomas of Lancaster—Fall of + Rain in England—Judas Bell—Boduc on British + Coins—Lord Bacon’s Version of the Psalms—A + “Gib” Cat—Lay of the Phœnix, &c. </a> </td> + <td class="pno">233</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> + </td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">MISCELLANIES:—</td> + <td class="pno"> </td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#miscellanies">Execution of Duke of Monmouth—By Hook or by Crook + —Cupid Crying—Miry-land Town</a> </td> + <td class="pno">237</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> + </td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">MISCELLANEOUS:—</td> + <td class="pno"> </td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#booknotes">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.</a> </td> + <td class="pno">238</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#wanted">Books and Odd Volumes + Wanted</a></td> + <td class="pno">238</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#notices">Notices to Correspondents</a> </td> + <td class="pno">238</td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#adv">Advertisements</a> </td> + <td class="pno">238</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<a name="wages"></a> +<hr class="full" /> +<br /> +<h3>WAGES IN 17TH AND 19TH CENTURIES.</h3> + +<p> +Running my eye accidentally through the household book of Sir Roger +Twysden, from 1659 to 1670, it occurred to me to make a comparison +between the relative prices of meat and wages, as there given, in +order to ascertain the position of our peasantry in these parts, at +the close of the 17th century. I send you a few extracts, by which +it will be seen that, in Kent, at least, our agricultural labourers +appear to have been in far better condition than those of the rest +of England, who, in Mr. Macaulay’s brilliant work, are represented +as living “almost entirely on rye, barley, and oats,” owing to the +exorbitantly high price of meat, as compared with the ordinary scale +of wages. +</p> + +<p> +As to meat, I find the following entries:—</p> + +<blockquote> + +<table class="toc" summary=""> +<tr> + <td align="right">“1659. </td> + <td>Beef</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>s</i>. and 1<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. per stone.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a loin of mutton</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">1<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td align="right">1662.</td> + <td>Beef</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>s</i>. per stone.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a shin of beef</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">1<i>s</i>. 10<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a loin of veal</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">3<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a calve’s head</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">1<i>s</i>. 2<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a quarter of mutton</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">4<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>. and 5<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td> a side of mutton </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">9<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td>1664.</td> + <td>8 quarters of mutton </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 32<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>1 quarter of do. </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 4<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td> 6 stone of beef</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">10<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>1666.</td> + <td>6 stone of beef </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">10<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a fat weather</td> + <td> -</td> + <td align="right">12<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>32 fat weathers </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">19<i>l</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>1667.</td> + <td>10 stone of beef and 2 lb. of suet </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">18<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td> 22 stone of beef </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>l</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>23 stone of beef </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>l</i>. 3<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td> a chine and a quarter of veal </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">8<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>1670.</td> + <td>A chine and a quarter of mutton </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">5<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a quarter of lamb </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.”</td> +</tr> +</table> +</blockquote> + + + +<p>Through this period we have:—</p> + +<blockquote>“Cheese per load, <i>i.e</i>. 56 lb., at 14<i>s</i>., 11<i>s</i>., 10<i>s</i>., 4<i>d</i>., 9<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.”</blockquote> + +<p>The wages of labourers through the same period are entered:—</p> + +<blockquote> +<table class="toc" summary=""> +<tr> + <td>“Sawyer</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. per hundred.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> a farm carpenter</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">1<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. per day.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> or, ‘I finding him,’</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 1<i>s</i>. per day.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><dl> + <dt>common labourers, generally 1<i>s</i>. per day; </dt> + <dd>sometimes, but less frequently, 9<i>d</i>. per day </dd> + </dl> +</td> + <td><big><big><big>}</big></big></big></td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 2<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>threshing wheat, 16<i>d</i>. per quarter</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 3<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>mowing, from 1<i>s</i>. to 1<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. per acre</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 3<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>mowing oats, 1<i>s</i>. 3<i>d</i>. per acre</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>mowing clover, 1<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. per acre</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>hayers, 2<i>s</i>. and 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. per week </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 6<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> + <tr> + <td>reaping, 2<i>s</i>. per acre</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 10<i>s</i>. to 14<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>sheep shearing, 1<i>s</i>. per score</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>hedging 2-1/2<i>d</i>. per rod </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> + <tr> + <td>hoeing, 6<i>d</i>. per acre </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 4<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> women 8<i>d</i>. per day</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> in 1849, 1<i>s</i>., and 1<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> + <tr> + <td>boys, 4<i>d</i>. per day </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 6<i>d</i>. and 3<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>making faggots, 18<i>d</i>. and 20<i>d</i>. per hundred;</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 3<i>s</i>.”</td> +</tr> +</table> +</blockquote> + +<p> +A reference to the household-books of the Derings, in East Kent, +gives the same results. +</p> + +<p> +The wages given by Sir Roger Twysden to his household servants at +this time were:— +</p> + <blockquote> +<table class="toc" summary=""> +<tr> + <td>“Housekeeper</td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">5<i>l</i>. per annum.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> maids </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>l</i>. 10<i>s</i>. and 3<i>l</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> men </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 5<i>l</i>. 10<i>s</i>., 5<i>l</i>. and 4<i>l</i>.”</td> +</tr> +</table> +</blockquote> + + + <span class="page"><a id="page226" name="page226"></a>{226}</span> +<p>I have added, in most instances, the prices now paid to +labourers in these parts, having obtained my information from the +farmers of the neighbourhood.</p> + +<p> +The price of butchers’ meat at present, in this neighbourhood, is +from 6<i>d</i>. to 7 1/2<i>d</i>. per lb.; by wholesale, 3<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. or 3<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. per stone. +</p> + +<p> +As far, then, as the relative prices of wages and meat can guide us, +the labourer, in these parts, was as well able to purchase meat in +1670 as he is now. +</p> + +<p> +Unhappily for him, the imprudence of early marriage entailing upon +him the charge of a family, he is precluded from the indulgence in +fresh meat, except as an occasional treat. Cheese and bacon, +however, are still within his reach. The improvidence of early +marriage rarely occurred in former days, and palpably, if our +Kentish labourers lived <i>entirely</i> on oats and rye, it was not +of <i>necessity</i> that they did so. I am inclined to think that, +in many of the instances given above, especially in haying and +harvest, provisions of some sort were found by the employer, over +and above the wages. When I have more leisure, I will endeavour to +obtain correct information on this point; and meanwhile, send you +the entries just as I find them. I observe an entry of “peas to boil +for the men.” They had porridge then, at all events, in addition to +their wages; and these wages, if they had so chosen, could further +have purchased them meat, quite as well as at the present day; +though, alas for our poor peasantry, this is not saying much for +them; and even of that little smack of meat they will soon be +debarred, if the present system—but I am intruding on sacred +ground, and must leave the poor fellows to their hard work and +scanty meals. +</p> +<p class="author">LAMBERT B. LARKING.</p> +<br /> +<a name="marlowe"></a> + <hr /> +<br /> + +<h3>MARLOWE AND THE OLD “TAMING OF A SHREW.”</h3> + +<p> +I regret that my communication (No. 13. p. 194.), on the subject of +the authorship of <i>The Taming of a Shrew</i>, was too late to be +of any avail for the already-published new edition of Marlowe’s +works; and, had I been aware of such being the case, I should have +waited until I had had an opportunity of seeing a work whose editor +may entertain views in ignorance of which, to my disadvantage, I am +still writing. It is, perhaps, a still greater disadvantage that I +should appear to depend for proofs upon a bare enumeration of +parallel passages; when I know that the space I should require for +the purposes of stating the case fully and fairly, and, as I think, +conclusively, would be utterly inconsistent with that brevity which +must be with you an essential condition; while, at the same time, I +know of no medium through which I am so likely to enlist the +attention of a “fit audience” as your publication. Premising that my +references are to <i>The Taming of a Shrew</i> in “Six Old Plays,” +1799, and to Marlowe’s Works, edit. 1826, I proceed to indicate such +passages as a rapid glance through the respective works, aided by +some previous acquaintance with the subject, and a not very bad +memory, furnished. Some of the parallels will be found identical; in +others, the metaphors will be found to be the same, with the +expression more or less varied; and in others, again, particular +expressions are the same, though the tenor of the phrase be +different. It will be observed that the quotations of Marlowe are +exclusively from <i>Dr. Faustus</i> and <i>Tamburlaine</i>. Of the +longer passages I have given merely the first line for reference; +and I have numbered them for the convenience of comparison:— +</p> + + +<h5>THE TAMING OF A SHREW.</h5> +<blockquote> +<dl> + <dt>(1) “Now that the gloomy shadow of the night,” &c. p. 161.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(2) “But stay, what dames are these, so bright of hue,” &c. p. 167.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(3) “ + O, might I see the censer of my soule.” &c. p.169.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(4) “ + Come, fair Emelia, my lovely love,” &c. p. 180.</dt> + <dd>“Valeria, attend, I have a lovely love,” &c. p. 191.</dd> + <dd>“And all that pierceth Phœbus’ silver eye,” &c. p. 181.</dd> + <dd>“Fair Emelia, summer’s bright sun queen,” &c. p.199.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(5) + “I fill’d my coffers of the wealthy mines,” &c. p.181.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> +<dt>(6) + + + “As richly wrought</dt> + <dd>As was the massy robe that late adorn’d</dd> + <dd>The stately legate of the Persian king,” p.183.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(7) + “<i>Boy</i>. Come hither, sirha boy.</dt> + <dd> <i>Sander</i>. Boy, O, disgrace to my person!” &c. p.184.</dd> +</dl> +</blockquote> + +<h5>MARLOWE.</h5> +<blockquote> +<dl> + <dt>(1) + “Now that the gloomy shadow of the night,” &c. + —<i>Faustus</i>, vol. ii. p.127.</dt> +</dl> +<dl> + <dt>(2) + “Zenocrate, the loveliest maid alive,” &c.—<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.46.</dt> +</dl> +<dl> + <dt>(3) + “Whose darts do pierce the centre of my soul,” &c. + —<i>Tamb.</i> vol. i. p.120.</dt> + <dd> “Was this the face that launch’d a thousand ships,” &c. + —<i>Faustus</i>, vol. ii. p.192.</dd> +</dl> +<dl> + <dt>(4) + “Now bright Zenocrate, the world’s fair eye,” &c. + —<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.102</dt> + + <dd>“Batter the shining palace of the sun,” &c. + —<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.120</dd> + + <dd>“A greater lamp than that bright eye of heaven,” &c. + —<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.154.</dd> + + <dd> ——“the golden eye of + heaven.”—<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.155.</dd> + + <dd>“Wherein are rocks of pearl that shine as bright,” + &c.—<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.177.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> +<dt>(5) + “I’ll have them fly to India for gold,” &c. + —<i>Faustus</i>, vol. ii. p. 123.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> +<dt>(6) + “And show your pleasure to the Persian</dt> + <dd> As fits the legate of the stately Turk.” + —<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.87.</dd> + </dl> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page227" name="page227"></a>{227}</span> + + +<dl> +<dt>(7) + “<i>Wagner</i>. Come hither, sirha! Boy!</dt> + <dd> <i>Clown</i>. Boy! O disgrace to my person!” &c. + —<i>Faustus</i>, vol. ii, p. 131.</dd> +</dl> + +</blockquote> + +<p>Leaving the question in this position for the present, I shall be +glad of such information from any of your readers as may tend to +throw a light on the date of Shakspeare’s <i>Taming of the +Shrew</i>. I find Mr. Collier’s opinion expressed in the following +words:— +</p> + + <blockquote> + “The great probability is that <i>Hamlet</i> was written + at the earliest in 1601, and the <i>Taming of the Shrew</i> + perhaps came from the pen of its author not very long afterwards.” +</blockquote> + +<p> +I am anxious to ascertain whether I am acquainted with all the +circumstances on which the above opinion is founded; as those which +I can, at this moment, recall, are to my mind hardly sufficiently +conclusive. Rejecting the supposed allusion to Heywood’s <i>Woman +Kill’d with Kindness</i>, which I see, by a note, Mr. Collier gives +up as untenable ground, the facts, I believe, remain as follows:— +</p> + +<p> +First: <i>The Taming of the Shrew</i> was not mentioned by Meres in +1598, whereupon it is assumed that “had it been written, he could +scarcely have failed to mention it.” And, +</p> + +<p> +Second: it must have been written after <i>Hamlet</i>, because the +name Baptista, used incorrectly in that play as a feminine name, is +properly applied to a man in this. And these, I believe, are all. +Now, the first of these assumptions I answer, by asking, “Does it +follow?” Of all Shakspeare’s plays which had then appeared, only +three had been published before 1598, and not one comedy. Meres, in +all probability, had no list to refer to, nor was he making one: he +simply adduced, in evidence of his assertion of Shakspeare’s +excellence, both in tragedy and comedy, such plays of both kinds as +he <i>could</i> recollect, or the best of those which he <i>did</i> +recollect. Let us put the case home; not in reference to any modern +dramatist (though Shakspeare in his own day was not the great +exception that he stands with us), but to the world-honoured poet +himself, who has founded a sort of religion in us: I, for my part, +would not be bound not to omit, in a hasty enumeration, and having +no books to refer to, more important works than the <i>Taming of the +Shrew</i>. In short, the omission by Meres proves no more than that +he either did not think of the play, or did not think it necessary +to mention it. To the second assumption, I answer that the date of +the <i>first Hamlet</i> is “not proven:” it may have been an early +play. From the play of <i>Hamlet</i>, in its earlier form, is the +name Baptiste, where it is used in conjunction with Albertus, taken; +the scene mentioned is Guiana; and there is nothing to lead one to +suppose that the name is used as an Italian name at all. Both the +date of <i>Hamlet</i>, therefore, and—whichever way +decided—the conclusion drawn from the supposed mistake, I +regard as open questions. There is yet another circumstance which +Mr. Collier thinks may strengthen his conclusion with regard to the +date of this play. He refers to the production of Dekker’s +<i>Medicine for a Curst Wife</i>, which he thinks was a revival of +the old <i>Taming of a Shrew</i>, brought out as a rival to +Shakspeare’s play. This is easily answered. In the first place, +Katharine, the Shrew, is not a “curst wife:” she becomes a wife, it +is true, in the course of the play; but this is a part of the +process of taming her. But what seems at once to disprove it is, +that, according to Henslow’s account, Dekker was paid 10<i>l</i>. +10<i>s</i>. for the piece in question; as Mr. Collier observes, an +“unusually large sum” for a new piece, and not likely to be paid for +the bashing up of an old one. I am thus left entirely without a +clue, derivable from external evidence, to the date of this play; +and shall be glad to know if there is any thing, throwing light upon +the point, which I may have overlooked. That more important +consequences are involved in this question than appear upon the face +of it, I think I shall be able to show in a future communication; +and this is my excuse for trespassing so much upon your space and +your readers’ patience. +</p> + +<p class="author">SAMUEL HICKSON.</p> +<p class="place">St. John’s Wood, Jan. 26. 1850.</p> + +<a name="fly"></a> +<hr /> + +<br /> +<h3>NOTES FROM FLY-LEAVES, NO. 6.</h3> + +<p> +In a copy of Burnet’s <i>Telluris Theoria Sacra</i> (in Latin), +containing only the two first books (1 vol. 4to., Lond. 1689), there +is the following entry in Bishop Jebb’s hand-writing:— +</p> + +<blockquote> + <p> + “From the internal evidence, not only of additional matter + in the margin of this copy, but of frequent erasures and + substitutions, I was led to suppose it was the author’s copy, + illustrated by his own annotations and improvements. The + supposition is, perhaps, sufficiently corroborated by the + following extract from the <i>Biographia Britannica</i>, + vol. iii. p. 18. +</p> +<p> + “‘It seems it was usual with Dr. Burnet, before he published + any thing in Latin, to have two or three copies, and no more, + printed off, which he kept by him for some time, in order to + revise at leisure what he had written <i>currente calamo</i>, + and sometimes, when he thought proper, to be communicated to + his particular friends for their opinions, &c.’ +</p> + <p> + “This copy, as it does not differ from any of the editions of + 1689, was certainly not one of those <i>proofs</i>. But the + Doctor’s habit of annotating on his own Latin books after they + were printed, renders it extremely probable that this book was + a preparation for a new edition. It would be well to compare it + with the English translation.” +</p> + +</blockquote> + +<p> +The nature of many of the corrections and additions (which are very +numerous), evidently shows a preparation for the press. I have +compared this copy with the English edition, published in the same +year, and find that some of the <span class="pagenum"><a id="page228" name="page228"></a>{228}</span>corrections were adopted; this, +however, but in a few instances, while in one, to be mentioned +presently, a palpable mistake, corrected in the MS. Latin notes, +stands in the translation. The English version differs very +materially from the Latin. The author says in his Preface:— +</p> + +<blockquote> + “This English version is the same in substance with the + Latin, though I confess, ’tis not so properly a translation, + as a new composition upon the same ground, there being + several additional chapters in it, and several new moulded.” +</blockquote> + +<p> +The following are examples of corrections being adopted: P. 6. Latin +ed. “Quod abunde probabitur in principio libri secundi.” For the +last word <i>subsequentis</i> is substituted, and the English has +<i>following</i>. P. 35. “Hippolitus” is added to the authorities in +the MS.; and in the English, p. 36., “Anastasius Sinaiti, S. +Gaudentius, Q. Julius Hilarius, Isidorus Hispalensis, and +Cassiodorus,” are inserted after Lactantius, in both. P. 37. +“Johannes Damascenus” is added after St. Augustin in both. P. 180. a +clause is added which seems to have suggested the sentence +beginning, “Thus we have discharged our promise,” &c. But, on the +other hand, in p. 8. the allusion to the “Orphics,” which is struck +out in the Latin, is retained in the English; and in the latter +there is no notice taken of “Empedocles,” which is inserted in the +margin of the Latin. In p. 11. “Ratio naturalis” is personified, and +governs the verb <i>vidit</i>, which is repeated several times. This +is changed by the corrector into vidimus; but in the English +passage, though varying much from the Latin, the personification is +retained. In p. 58., “Dion Cassius” is corrected to “Xiphilinus;” +but the mistake is preserved in the English version. +</p> + +<p class="author"> +JOHN JEBB. +</p> +<br /> +<a name="mono"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>SHAKSPEARE’S EMPLOYMENT OF MONOSYLLABLES.</h3> + +<p> I offer the following flim-flam to the examination of your +readers, all of whom are, I presume, more or less, readers of +Shakspeare, and far better qualified than I am to +“anatomize” his writings, and “see what bred about +his heart.” </p> + +<p> +I start with the proposition that the language of passion is almost +invariably broken and abrupt, and the deduction that I wish to draw +from this proposition, and the passages that I am about to quote is, +that—<i>Shakspeare on more than one occasion advisedly used +monosyllables, and monosyllables only, when he wished to express +violent and overwhelming mental emotion</i>, ex. gratiâ:— +</p> +<div class="verse"> + <p><i> Lear.</i> “Thou know’st the first time that we smell the air,</p> + <p>We wawl, and cry:—I will preach to thee; mark me.</p> + + <p> [<i>Gloster.</i> “Alack! alack the day!]</p> + + <p><i>Lear.</i> “When we are born, we cry, that we are come</p> + <p> +To this great stage of fools,—This a good block?” +</p> + + <p> —<i>King Lear</i>, Act IV. Sc. 6.</p> +</div> + +<p>In this passage [I bracket Gloster] we find no fewer than +<i>forty-two monosyllables</i> following each other consecutively. +Again,</p> + + <div class="verse"> + <p>“——— + but through his lips do throng</p> + <p> Weak words, so thick come, in his poor heart’s aid,</p> + <p>That no man could <i>distinguish</i> what he said.”</p> + <p><i>Rape of Lucreece</i>, Stanza 255.</p> +</div> + +<p> +After I had kept this among other flim-flams for more than a year in +my note-book, I submitted it in a letter to the examination of a +friend; his answer was as follows:—“Your canon is ingenious, +especially in the line taken from the sonnet. I doubt it however, +much, and rather believe that sound is often sympathetically, and as +it were unconsciously, adapted to sense. Moreover, monosyllables are +redundant in our tongue, as you will see in the scene you quote. In +<i>King John</i>, Act III. Sc. 3., where the King is <i>pausing</i> +in his wish to incense Hubert to Arthur’s murder, he says:— +</p> + +<div class="verse"> + <p>‘Good friend, though hast no cause to say so yet:</p> + <p> But thou shall have; and creep time ne’er so slow,</p> + <p>Yet it shall come, for me to do thee good.</p> + <p> I had a thing to say,—But let it go:’—</p> +</div> + +<p>forty monosyllables.”</p> +<p class="verse"> + “Credimus? an qui amant ipsi sibi somnia fingunt.”</p> + +<p>The very passage he quoted seemed, to my eyes, rather a +<i>corroboration</i> of the theory, than an <i>argument against +it</i>! I might, I think, have quoted the remainder of Lear’s speech +ending with the words “Kill, kill, kill, kill, kill, kill,” and, +with the exception of three words, consisting <i>entirely</i> of +monosyllables, and one or two other passages. But I have written +enough to express my meaning.</p> +<p class="author">C. FORBES.</p> +<p class="place">Temple.</p> + +<a name="cunningham"></a> + +<hr /><br /> +<h3>NOTES UPON CUNNINGHAM’S HAND-BOOK FOR LONDON.</h3> + +<p><i> Wild House, Drury Lane.</i>—Mr. Cunningham says, +“Why so called, I am not aware.” <i>Wild</i> is a +corruption of <i>Weld</i>. It was the town mansion of the family of +the <i>Welds</i>, of Lutworth Castle.</p> + +<p><i>Compton Street, Soho.</i>—Built in the reign of Charles +the First by Sir Francis Compton. <i>New</i> Compton Street, when +first formed, was denominated Stiddolph Street, after Sir Richard +Stiddolph, the owner of the land. It afterwards changed its name, +from a demise of the whole adjoining marsh land, made by Charles the +Second to Sir Francis Compton. All this, and the intermediate +streets, formed part of the site of the Hospital of St. Giles.</p> + +<p><i>Tottenham Court Road.</i>—The old manor-house, sometimes +called in ancient records “Totham Hall,” was, in Henry +the Third’s reign, the residence of William de Tottenhall. +Part of the old buildings were remaining in 1818.</p> + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page229" name="page229"></a>{229}</span> + +<p> <i>Short’s Gardens, Drury Lane</i>.—Dudley Short, +Esq., had a mansion here, with fine garden attached, in the reign of +Charles the Second.</p> + +<p><i>Parker Street, Drury Lane.</i>—Phillip Parker, Esq., had +a mansion on this site in 1623.</p> + +<p><i>Bainbridge and Buckridge Streets, St. +Giles’s</i>.—The two streets, now no more, but once +celebrated in the “annals of low life,” were built prior +to 1672, and derived their names from their owners, eminent +parishioners in the reign of Charles the Second.</p> + +<p><i>Dyot Street, St. Giles’s.</i>—This street was +inhabited, as late as 1803, by Philip Dyot, Esq., a descendant of +the gentleman from whom it takes its name. In 1710 there was a +certain “Mendicant’s Convivial Club” held at the +“Welch’s Head” in this street. The origin of this +club dated as far back as 1660, when its meetings were held at the +Three Crowns in the Poultry.</p> + +<p><i>Denmark Street, St. Giles’s.</i>—Originally built +in 1689. Zoffany, the celebrated painter, lived at No. 9. in this +street. The same house is also the scene of Bunbury’s +caricature, “The Sunday Evening Concert:”—</p> + +<blockquote> + “July 27. 1771.—Sir John Murray, late Secretary to the + Pretender, was on Thursday night carried off by a party + of strange men, from a house in <i>Denmark Street</i>, near + St. Giles’s church, where he had lived some time.” + —<i>MS. Diary quoted in Collet’s Relics of Literature</i>, p. 306. +</blockquote> + +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<br /> +<a name="folk"></a> +<hr class="full" /> + +<br /> +<h2>QUERIES.</h2> + +<h3>FOLK LORE.</h3> +<p><i>Metrical Charms</i>.—In the enumeration of the various branches +of that interesting subject, the “FOLK LORE OF ENGLAND,” on which +communications were invited in the last number of “NOTES AND +QUERIES,” there is an omission which I beg to point out, as it +refers to a subject which, I believe, deserves especial +investigation, and would amply repay any trouble or attention that +might be bestowed upon it. I allude to <i>Metrical Charms</i>, many +of which are still preserved, and, in spite of the corruptions they +have undergone in the course of centuries, would furnish curious and +valuable illustrations of the Mythological System on which they are +founded.</p> + +<blockquote> + “Spirits of the flood and spirits of the hills found a + place in the mythology of Saxon England,” +</blockquote> + +<p>says an able reviewer of Mr. Kemble’s <i>Saxons in +England</i>, in <i>The Anthenæum</i> (13th Jan. 1849); and he +continues,</p> + +<blockquote> + “The spells by which they were invoked, and the forms + by which their aid was compelled, linger, however, still + amongst us, although their names and powers have passed + into oblivion. In one of the Saxon spells which + Mr. Kemble has inserted in the Appendix, we at once + recognised a rhyme which we had heard an old woman + in our childhood use,—and in which many Saxon words + unintelligible to her were probably retained.” +</blockquote> + +<p>Who would not gladly recover this “old rhyme?”—I can say for +myself, that if these lines should ever meet the eye of the writer +of the passage I have quoted, I trust he will be induced to +communicate, in however fragmentary a shape, this curious addition +to our present scanty stories of mythological information.</p> + +<p>While on the subject of <i>Charms and Spells</i>, I would ask +those who are more familiar than myself with the Manuscript treasures +of the British Museum, and of our University Libraries, whether they +have ever met with (except in MSS. of Chaucer) the remarkable +“Night Spell” which the Father of English Poetry has +preserved in the following passage of his <i>Miller’s +Tale</i>. I quote from Mr. Wright’s edition, printed for the +Percy Society:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <p>“‘What Nicholas, what how man, loke adoun:</p> + <p>Awake and think on Cristes passioun</p> + <p>I crowche the from Elves and from Wightes.’</p> + <p>There with the night-spel seyde he anon rightes</p> + <p>On the foure halves of the hous aboute</p> + <p>And on the threissh-fold of the dore withoute.</p> + <p class="stanza">“‘Lord Jhesu Crist and seynte Benedight,</p> + <p>Blesse this hous from every wikkede wight</p> + <p>Fro nightes verray, the white Paternoster</p> + <p>When wonestow now, seynte Petres soster.’”</p> +</div> + +<p>This charm has long occupied my attention, and as I hope shortly +to submit to the Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries an attempt to +illustrate some parts of it which are at present certainly involved +in very great obscurity, I shall be glad to be informed whether any +other early version of it is to be found in MS., and if so, where; +and also whether any other version, corrupted or not, is still +preserved, if not in use, at least in memory. I should also be +especially glad of references of any other allusion to the +“white Paternoster” or “seynte Petres +soster,” or for any information as to sources for ascertaining +the history, whether authentic or legendary, of the personage +supposed to be alluded to in the closing words of this remarkable +spell.</p> + +<p class="author">WILLIAM J. THOMS.</p> +<a name="allusions"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>ALLUSIONS IN THE HOMILIES.</h3> + +<p><i>“A Good Wife,” &c.</i>, and <i>“God +speed the Plough!”</i>—I should hold myself deeply +indebted to any of your correspondents who would inform me where the +two following quotations are to be found.</p> + +<p>I have been anxiously looking for them for some years. I have +taken some pains myself—<span class="pagenum"><a id="page230" +name="page230"></a>{230}</span>“I have poached in Suidas for +unlicensed Greek”—have applied to my various antiquarian +friends (many of whose names I was delighted to recognise among the +brilliant galaxy that enlightened your first number)—but +hitherto all in vain; and I am reduced to acknowledge the truth of +the old proberb, “A —— may ask more questions in +an hour than a wise man can answer in seven years:”—</p> + +<blockquote>I. “For thus will most truly be verified the +<i>saying of the poet</i>, ‘A good wife, by obeying her +husband, shall bear the rule, so that he shall have a delight and a +gladness the sooner at all times to return home to her.’ But, +on the contrary part, ‘when the wives be stubborn, froward, +and malapert, their husbands are compelled thereby to abhor and flee +from their own houses, even as they should have battle with their +enemies.’”—<i>Homily on Matrimony</i>, p. 450. +ed. Oxford, 1840.</blockquote> + +<p>Query—<i>Who</i> is the <i>poet?</i></p> + +<blockquote>II. “Let no good and discreet subjects, therefore, follow +the flag or banner displayed to rebellions, and borne by rebels, +though it have the image of the plough painted therein, with <i>God +speed the plough</i> written under in great letters, knowing that +none hinder the plough more than rebels, who will neither go to the +plough themselves, nor suffer other that would go unto +it.”—<i>Fourth Part of the Homily against Wilful +Rebellion</i>, p. 518.</blockquote> + +<p>In <i>what</i> rebellion was such a banner carried?</p> + +<p>These questions may appear very trifling; but each man has his +hobby, and mine is, not to suffer a quotation to pass without +verification.</p> + +<p>It is fortunate that I am not a despotic monarch, as I would +certainly make it felony without benefit of clergy to quote a +passage without giving a plain reference.</p> + +<p class="author">L.S.</p> + +<a name="minorq"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>MINOR QUERIES</h3> + +<p><i>Pope’s Translations of Horace.</i>—In a pamphlet +against Pope, entitled, <i>A True Character of Mr. Pope and his +Writings</i>, by the author of <i>The Critical History of +England</i>, written in May, 1716, and printed in that year, Pope is +reproached with having just published a “libellous,” +“impudent,” and “execrable” <i>Imitation of +Horace</i>. Twenty years later such a reproach would be very +intelligible; but can any one favour me with a reference to any +<i>Imitation of Horace</i>, published by Pope prior to 1716, of +which any such complaint could be made?</p> + + +<p class="author">C.</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Etymology of “Havior.”</i>—Can any of your +readers inform me what is the etymology of the word <i>Havior</i>, +by which all park-keepers denote an emasculated male deer, affording +good venison between the buck and doe season? </p> + +<p>Never having seen the word written or printed, I am guided, in +attempting to spell it, by the usual pronunciation.</p> + +<p class="author">BRAYBROOKE</p> + +<p class="place">Audley End, Feb. 2.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Arabic Numerals</i>.—In the <i>Archæological +Journal</i> (vol. vi. p. 291.), it is stated that the earliest +“example of the use of Arabic numerals in any work connected +with building” is the date 1445, on the tower of Heathfield +Church, Sussex, though “they were common in MSS. after 1320, +and in astronomical Tracts as early as 1290.” As it is +probable that not a few instances of the employment of the Arabic +numeral characters of an earlier date than that at Heathfield are to +be met with in different parts of the country, will you permit me to +make use of your paper to inquire whether any such are known to any +of your readers, and if they will be so obliging as to communicate +their knowledge through the medium of your columns? As the subject +is one of considerable interest, it would be desirable that +<i>any</i> date belonging to the fifteenth or the early part of the +sixteenth century should be made known, and registered in your +valuable publication.</p> + +<p>Permit me also to ask, in connection with this subject, for +references to any works or treatises supplying information on the +history of the Arabic numerals, their origin, and their introduction +into Europe. I am already acquainted with Astle, <i>On Writing</i>, +Wallis’s <i>Algebra, Nouveau Traité de +Diplomatique</i>, the <i>Huctiana</i>, Pegge’s <i>Life of +Grostête</i>, and the <i>Philosophical Transactions</i>; but I +wish for additional, and, if possible, more recent information.</p> + +<p>Does any one of your readers know what became of the MSS. +formerly in the possession of the above-named Thomas Astle, formerly +Keeper of the Tower Records? In Sir W. Burrell’s Sussex +collections in the British Museum are copies of charters, “ex +MSS. penes T. Aste,” with notices of curious seals appended, +which I should be glad to be able to inspect.</p> + +<p class="author">E.V.</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Stephen Eiton, or Eden’s “Acta Regis Edw. +II.</i>“—The interesting account of St. Thomas of +Lancaster, with the appended queries (No. 12. p. 181.), reminds me +of the work of Stephen Eiton or Eden, a canon-regular of Warter, in +Yorkshire, entitled, “Acta Regis Edwardi +ii<sup>di</sup>,” which is said still to remain in manuscript. +Where is it deposited?</p> + +<p class="author">T.J.</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Dog Latin.</i>—Permit me also to ask, what is the origin +of the expression “Dog Latin”?</p> + +<p class="author">T.J.</p> + +<br /> +<p> <i>The Cuckoo—the Welch Ambassador.</i>—In +Middleton’s <i>A Trick to Catch the Old One</i>, Act iv. sc. +5., Dampet says:—</p> + +<blockquote> +“Why, thou rogue of universality, do I not know thee? Thy +sound is like the cuckoo, the Welch Embassador.”</blockquote> + +<p>And the +editor of the continuation of Dodsley’s <i>Collection</i> +remarks on the passage,—</p> + +<blockquote> +“Why the cuckoo is called the Welch Embassador, I know +not.”</blockquote> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="page231" +name="page231"></a>{231}</span> Perhaps some of your readers can +explain why the cuckoo is so called.</p> + +<p class="author">G.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>A recent Novel</i>.—Having lately met with an extremely +rare little volume, the title of which runs thus: “La prise +d’un Seigneur Ecossois et de ses gens qui pilloient les +navires pescheurs de France, ensemble le razement de leur fort et le +rétablissement d’un autre pour le service du Roi ... en +la Nouvelle France ... par le sieur Malepart. Rouen, le Boullenger, +1630. 12<sup>o</sup>. 24pp.” I was reminded of a modern novel, +the principal scenes of which are laid in an island inhabited by a +British nobleman of high rank, who, having committed a political +crime, had been reported dead, but was saved by singular +circumstances, and led the life of a buccaneer. Can any of your +numerous readers be good enough to mention the title of the novel +alluded to, which has escaped my memory? +</p> + +<p class="author">ADOLPHUS.</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Authorship of a Couplet</i>.—Can you help me to the authorship +of the following lines?—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <p>“Th’ unhappy have whole days, and those they choose;</p> + <p>The happy have but hours, and those they lose.”</p> +</div> + +<p class="author">P.S.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Seal of Killigrew, and Genealogy of the Killigrew +Family</i>.—”BURIENSIS” (No. 13. p. 204.) is +informed that the arms on the seal at Sudbury are certainly those of +a member of the old Cornish house of Killigrew. These arms, impaled +by those of Lower, occur on a monument at Llandulph, near Saltash, +to the memory of Sir Nicholas Lower, and Elizabeth his wife, who +died in 1638. She was a daughter of Sir Henry Killegrewe, of London, +and a near relative, I believe, of the Master of the Revels.</p> + +<p>While on this subject, I beg to put a query to your genealogical +readers. The double-headed eagle, the bordure bizantée, and the +demilion charged with bezants, are all evident derivations from the +armorial bearings of Richard, titular king of the Romans, Earl of +Cornwall, &c., second son of King John. The family of Killegrewe is +of venerable antiquity in Cornwall. What I wish to ascertain is, the +nature of the connection between the family and that unfortunate +“king.” Was it one of consanguinity, or merely one of feudal +dependence?</p> + +<p class="author">MARK ANTONY LOWER.</p> + +<p>*<sub>*</sub>* See, on the origin of the arms of Richard and their derivatives, my <i>Curiosities of Heraldry</i>, pp.309. et seq.</p> +<br /> +<a name="selago"></a> +<hr class="full" /> +<br /> +<h2>REPLIES.</h2> + +<h3>SELAGO AND SAMOLUS.</h3> + +<p>In common with the mistletoe and vervain the Druids held the Selago +and Samolus as sacred plants, and never approached them but in the +most devout and reverential manner. When they were gathered for +religious purposes the greatest care was taken lest they should fall +to the earth, for it was an established principle of Druidism, that +every thing that was sacred would be profaned if allowed to touch +the ground; hence their solicitude to catch the anguinum:</p> + + +<div class="poem"> +<p> +“————————— + When they bear</p> + <p> Their wond’rous egg aloof in air:</p> + <p> Thence before to earth it fall,</p> + <p> The Druid in his hallow’d pall</p> + <p> Receives the prize.”</p> +</div> + +<p>Pliny, in his <i>Natural History</i> (lib. xxiv. cap. 11.) +gives a circumstantial account of the ceremonies +used by the Druids in gathering the Selago and +Samolus, and of the uses to which they were applied:—</p> + +<blockquote> + <p>“Similis berbæ huie sabinæ est Selago appellata. + Legitur + sine ferro dextra manu per tunicam, qua sinistra + exuitur velut a furante, candida veste vestito, pureque + lotis nudis pedibus, saero facto priusquam legatur, + pane vinoque. Fertur in mappa nova. Hanc contra omnem + perniciem habendam prodidere Druidæ Gallorum, et contra + omnia oculorum vitia fumum ejus prodesse.</p> + +<p> “Iidem Samolum herbam nominavere nascentem in humidis: + et hanc sinistra manu legi a jejunis contra morbos suum + boumque, nec respicere legentem: nec alibi quam in + canali, deponere, ibique conterere poturis.”</p> +</blockquote> + +<p>From the very slight manner in which these plants are described by +Pliny, it is next to impossible to identify them with any degree of +certainty, though many attempts for the purpose have been made. So +far as I know, Pliny is the only ancient author who mentions them, +and we have therefore nothing to guide us beyond what he has said in +this passage.</p> + +<p>The word Selago is supposed to be derived from <i>se</i> and +<i>lego</i>, i.e. <i>quid certo ritu seligeretur</i>. Linnæus +appropriated the name to a pretty genus of Cape plants, but which +can have nothing whatever to do with the Selago of the Druids. It +has been thought to be the same as the Serratula Chamæpeuce of +Linnæus, but without sufficient reason, for Pliny says it resembles +the savine; and Matthiolus, in his <i>Commentary on Dioscorides</i>, +when speaking of the savine (Juniperus Sabina), says:—</p> + + <blockquote> + “Siquidem vidi pro Sabina assumi quandam herbam + dodrantalem quæ quibusdam in montibus plurima nascitur, + folio tamaricis, licet nec odore nec sapore Sabinam + Hanc sæpius existimavi esse Selaginem referat. a Plinio + lib. xxiv. c. 11. commemoratam.”</blockquote> + +<p>Samolus, or as some copies read Samosum, is said to be derived from +two Celtic words, <i>san</i>, salutary, and <i>mos</i>, pig; +denoting a property in the plant which answers to the description of +Pliny, who says the Gauls considered the Samolus as a specific in +all maladies of swine and cattle. +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page232" name="page232"></a>{232}</span> +But there is not less +difficulty in identifying this plant than in the former case. Some +have thought it the same as the little marsh plant, with small white +flowers, which Linnæus calls Samolus Valerandi, while others +consider it to be the Anemone Pulsatilla. I am ignorant of the +salutary properties of these plants, and must leave it to be decided +which of them has the greatest claims to be considered the Samolus +of Pliny.</p> +<p class="author">G.M.</p> +<br /> +<p> +Is there any English translation of Ælian’s <i>Various History</i>, +or of the work ascribed to the same author on the <i>Peculiarities +of Animals</i>?</p> +<p class="place">East Winch. Jan. 1850.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Selago and Samolus</i>.—The Selago (mentioned by “PWCCA,” No. +10. p. 157.), in Welsh <i>Gras Duw</i> (Gratia Dei), was held by the +Druids as a charm against all misfortunes; they called it <i>Dawn y +Dovydd</i>, the gift of the Lord. They also ascribed great virtues +to the Samolus, which was called <i>Gwlydd</i>, mild or tender. All +that can be known respecting the Selago and Samolus, may be seen in +Borlase’s <i>Antiquities of Cornwall</i>.</p> +<p class="author">GOMER.</p> +<br /> +<a name="aelfric"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>ÆLFRIC’S COLLOQUY.</h3> + +<p>In the Anglo-Saxon <i>Gloss</i>, to Ælfric’s Latin +dialogue, <i>higdifatu</i> is not, I conceive, an error of the +scribe, but a variation of dialect, and therefore, standing in no +need of correction into <i>hydigfatu</i> (“NOTES and +QUERIES,” No. 13.). <i>Hig, hi</i> and <i>hy</i>, are +perfectly identical, and nothing is more usual in A.S. than the +omission of the final <i>g</i> after <i>i</i>; consequently, +<i>hig<big><b>=</b></big>hy, di<big><b>=</b></big>dig</i>, therefore <i>higdi<big><b>=</b></big>hydig</i>. Mr. +Singer’s reading of <i>cassidilia</i> for <i>culidilia</i>, I +consider to be well-founded.</p> + +<p>His conjecture, that <i>sprote</i>=Goth. <i>sprauto</i>, has +something very specious about it, and yet I must reject it. That +useful and sagacious author, Dr. Kitchener, tells us, that there is +only one thing to be done in a hurry (or <i>sprauto</i>); and even +if he had not informed us what that one thing is, very few indeed +would ever have imagined that it was <i>fish</i>-catching. The word +<i>sprote</i> was a puzzle to me, and I had often questioned myself +as to its meaning, but never could get a satisfactory answer; nor +was it until some time after the publication of the 2nd edition of +my <i>Analecta</i> that it occurred to me that it might signify a +wicker or <i>sallow</i> basket (such as is still in use for the +capture of eels), from Lat. <i>sporta</i>, whence the German +<i>sportel</i>. My conjecture, of <i>salice</i> for the <i>salu</i> +of the text, was based on the possibility that the apparatus might +somehow or other be made of the <i>salix</i>.</p> + +<p>I beg leave to inform “SELEUCUS,” that <i>The +Phœnix</i>, with an English version, and with the Latin +original, is to be found in the <i>Codex Exoniensis</i>, edited by +me, in 1842, for the Society of Antiquaries. The Latin ascribed to +Lactantius, is printed in the Variourum edition of Claudian, and, I +believe, in the editions of Lactantius.</p> +<p>Jan. 30, 1850.</p> +<p class="author">B. THORPE.</p> +<br /> +<a name="portraits"></a> + +<hr /> + +<h3>PORTRAITS OF LUTHER AND ERASMUS.</h3> + +<p>Your correspondent, “R.G.” (No. 13. p. 203.), is +correct in supposing the <i>wood-cut</i> portrait of Luther to be +that which is prefixed to the treatise “De Captivitate +Babylonica Ecclesiæ,” where he is habited as a monk; but +it was evidently only a copy from the very interesting copper-plate +engraving of his friend Lucas Cranach, bearing the date 1520, of +which a very accurate copy was prefixed to the translation of +“Luther’s Way to Prayer,” published by Mr. +Pickering in 1846. Juncker’s book is a very good repertory of +the various representations of the great reformer, but the prints +are generally but faithless copies. In 1750 Kirchmayer printed an +especial disquisition upon the portrait by Lucas Cranach of 1523, +under the following title:—”Disquisitio Historia de +Martini Lutheri Oris et Vultus Habitu Hervieo ad vivum expresso in +Imagine divine pencilli Lucæ Cranachj patris in ære hic +incisa,” &c., Wittebergæ Sax. 1750, 4to. The works +in which the Germans have sought to do honour to their great +protestant saint, are numerous enough to fill a small library but +two of them are so remarkable as to deserve notice, 1. +“Luther’s Merkwürdige Lebensumstande bey seiner +Medicinalischen Leibesconstitution, Krankheiten, geistlichen und +leiblichen Anfectungen und andern Zufallen, &c., von F.G. +Keil,” Leipsig, 1764. 2. “Luther’s +Merkwürdige Reisegeschichte zu Erganzung seiner Lebensumstande, +von Jo. Th. Lingke,” Leipsig, 1769, 4to. The earliest wood-cut +representation of Erasmus with which I am acquainted is a medallion +accompanying another of Ulric of Hutten, on the title-page of the +following work of the unfortunate but heroic champion of the +Reformation:—”Ulrichi ab Hutten cum Erasmo Rotirodamo, +Presbytero, Theologo, Expostulatio.” There is reason to +believe that this Expostulation was printed only a short month +before Hutten died; and, though it bears neither date nor name of +printer, that it was printed by Johannes Schott, at Strasburg, in +the month of July, 1523. It has another portrait of Hutten at the +end, the whole strikingly spirited and characteristic; by some they +have been attributed to Holbein, and if not by him, which is +doubtful, they are at least worthy of him.</p> + +<p>One would gladly forget this strife between the great promoter of +learning and the soldier-scholar. Erasmus’s conduct was +unworthy of a great man, and can never be vindicated.</p> + +<p class="author">S.W.S.</p> + +<a name="minorr"></a> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page233" name="page233"></a>{233}</span> + +<h3>REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.</h3> + +<p><i>Praise undeserved</i>.—The correct quotation, referred +to in No. 14. p. 222., is</p> + +<blockquote> +“Praise undeserved is <i>Satire</i> in disguise.” +</blockquote> + +<p>It is by Mr. Br——st, author of a copy of verses +called the <i>British Beauties</i>. I cannot fill up the +“hiatus,” which in this case is not “maxime +deflendus,” because I have now no time to search the Museum +Catalogue. I apprehend that the author belonged to the “mob of +gentlemen who wrote with ease,” as it is something like +Savage’s “tenth transmitter” (which, by the bye, +your correspondent, Mr. Gutch, should have said is <i>said</i> to be +Pope’s)—his <i>only good</i> line. Here is my +authority:</p> + +<blockquote> +<h5>EPIGRAM</h5> +<p ><i>On a certain line of Mr. Br——, author of a copy of +verses called the“British Beauties.”—From the</i> +“GARLAND,” <i>a collection of Poems</i>, 1721.</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <p>“When one good line did much my wonder raise</p> + <p>In Br——st’s works, I stood resolved to praise;</p> + <p>And had, but that the modest <i>author</i> cries,</p> + <p> <i>Praise undeserv’d is satire in disguise</i>.”</p> +</div> +</blockquote> +<p>I would add, that I believe this Epigram to be Dr. Kenrick’s, +Goldsmith’s old persecutor in later years.</p> + +<p class="author">JAMES H. FRISWELL</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>French Maxim</i>.—I beg to inform your correspondent +“R.V.” in reply to his query (No. 14. p. 215.), that the +maxim quoted is the 218th of Rochefoucauld: +“L’hypocrisie est un hommage que le vice rend à +la vertu.”</p> + +<p class="author">J.H.F.</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Singular Motto</i>.—The “singular motto” +which occasions “P.H.F.’s” wonder (No. 14. p. +214.), is, without doubt, a cypher, and only to be rendered by those +who have a Key. Such are not unfrequent in German, Austrian, or +Bohemian Heraldry.</p> + +<p class="author">J.H.F.</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Discurs. Modest.</i>—At p. 205. No. 13., your +correspondent N. replies to A.T.’s query, that “there +can be no reasonable doubt, that the <i>original</i> authority for +<i>Rem transubstantiationis patres ne altigisse quidem</i>, is +William Watson in his <i>Quodlibet</i>, ii. 4. p. 31.”</p> + +<p>By a note of mine, I find that this secular priest, W. Watson, lays +the expression in question to the charge of the Jesuits as “an +heretical and most dangerous assertion of theirs.” Admitting, +therefore, the <i>Discurs. Modest</i>. to have been published after +Watson’s <i>Decacordon</i>, i.e. later than 1602 (which can hardly +be doubted), still the further question remains to be asked: “In +what writings of the Jesuits, prior to 1602, had W. Watson himself +found these words, with which he charges them?” Should you think +this further query of importance enough to find a place in your +paper, perhaps some one of your readers might throw yet another ray +of light upon this subject.</p> + +<p class="author">J.S. </p> + +<p class="place">Oxford</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Pallace</i> (No. 13. p. 202).—Mr. Halliwell, in his +<i>Dictionary of Archaic, &c. Words</i>, explains this word as used +in Devonshire:—</p> + +<blockquote> “<i>Palace</i>, a Storehouse.”—<i>Devon</i>. “At Dartmouth, + I am told there are some of these storehouses, called + palaces, cut out of the rock, still retaining the name.” + —<i>MS Devon. Gloss</i>.</blockquote> +<p class="author">C.W.G.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Meaning of “Pallace</i>.”—The term “Pallace” (No. 13. p. 202.) +is applied in Totnes to denote a landing-place inclosed by walls, +but not roofed in. Many of these “pallaces” have been converted into +coal-cellars. Perhaps <i>pales</i> may have been used originally to +form these inclosures in lieu of walls;—and hence the word +“pallace” would mean a place paled in. I find repeated mention made +of “pallaces” in a schedule attached to a deed of the Corporation of +Totnes, bearing date September 18th, 1719, a copy of which is now +before me, and from it the following extracts are taken:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p> “One linney and two <i>pallaces</i> or yards.”</p> +<p> “All those houses, rooms, cellars, and <i>pallaces</i>.”</p> +<p> “All that great cellar lately rebuilt, and <i>the plott of ground + or pallace</i> thereto belonging lately converted into a cellar.”</p> +<p> “All that little cellar and <i>pallace</i> lately rebuilt, and + the kay or landing place thereto belonging, and near adjoyning + unto and upon the river Dart.”</p> +<p> “And the little <i>pallace</i> or <i>landing-place</i>.”</p> +</blockquote> + +<p><i>Apropos</i> of <i>landing-places</i>, it may interest some of +your readers to learn that the <i>very stone</i> upon which Brutus, +the nephew of Æneas, landed at Totnes, still remains! It is +inserted in the foot-way nearly opposite the Mayoralty-house in the +Fore Street. From Totnes, the neighbouring shore was heretofore +called <i>Totonese</i>: and the <i>British History</i> tells us, +that <i>Brutus</i>, the founder of the British nation, arrived here; +and <i>Havillanus</i> [John de <i>Alvilla</i> or <i>Hauteville</i>, +according to Mr. Wright] as a poet, following the same authority, +writes thus:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <p>“Inde dato cursu, <i>Brutus</i> comitatus Achate</p> + <p>Gallorum spoliis cumulatis navibus æquor</p> + <p>Exarat, et superis auraque faventibus usus,</p> + <p><i>Littora felices intrat Totonesia portus</i>.”</p> + </div> +<br /> +<div class="verse"> + <p>“From hence great Brute with his Achates steer’d,</p> + <p>Full fraught with Gallic spoils their ships appear’d;</p> + <p>The Winds and Gods were all at their command,</p> + <p><i>And happy Totnes shew’d them grateful land</i>.”</p> +<p class="author"><i>Gibson’s Camden</i>.</p> +</div> + + <p>Totnes is made mention of the <i>Lais de Marie</i>:—</p> +<div class="poem"><p class="i2"> “Il tient sun chemin tut avant.</p> + <p class="i2">A la mer vient, si est passer,</p> + <p class="i2">En <i>Toteneis</i> est arriver.”—<i>Lai d’Elidne</i>.</p> +</div> + +<p class="author">J. MILNER BARRY, M.D.</p> + +<p class="place">Totnes, Devon, Jan. 30. 1850.</p> + +<br /> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page234" name="page234"></a>{234}</span> + +<p><i>Litany Version of the Psalms</i>.—The doubts produced by +Beloe’s self-contradicting statements on the subject of the +Bishops’ Bible, which are referred to by “X.X.” +(No. 13. p. 203.), may thus be settled. The first edition of this +Bible, printed in 1568, contains a new translation of the Psalms by +Becon. In the second folio edition, 1572, are inserted, in opposite +columns, “the translation according to the Ebrewe,” +which differs but little from the former, in Roman letter, and +“the translation used in common prayer,” or that of the +Great Bible, printed by Whitchurch, 1553, in black letter.</p> + +<p>The clarum et venerabile nomen associated with the Bishops’ +Bible, a very magnificent and perfect copy of which is now open +before me, suggests the inquiry whether there is any copy known of +Archbishop Parker’s rare volume on the English Church, 1572, +which is not noticed by Martin in the list of eighteen which he had +discovered. He does not mention that in the Chetham library.</p> + +<p class="author">T. JONES.</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Tempora mutantur &c</i>.—In reply to your +correspondent, “E.V.” (No. 14. p. 215.), I beg to state, +that the <i>germ</i> of “Tempora mutantur, et nos mutamur in +illis,” is to be found in the <i>Delitiæ Poetarium +Germanorum</i>, vol. i. p. 685., under the Poems of Matthias +Borbonius. He considers them as a saying of Lotharius I. (flor. Cir. +830.):—</p> + +<div class="verse"> +<p> “Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis;</p> + <p>Illa vices quasdam res habet, illa suas.”</p> +</div> +<p>I sent this communication, some years ago, to <i>Sharpe’s +Magazine</i>, where it will be found, vol. v. p. 208.</p> + +<p class="author">L.S.</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Pandoxare</i>.—Your correspondent, “H.B.” +(No. 13. p. 202.), has lighted upon a curious specimen of domestic +hieroglyphics, the notice of which recalls to mind the quaint +marginal symbols scattered over the inventories of the Exchequer +Treasury, at a much earlier period. They are not devoid of +information or interest. The word of which he requests explanation, +is, indeed, of too base Latinity to be found in the +<i>Facciolati</i>, or even in the <i>Auctarium</i>; but in our old +Latin dictionaries, sources of abundant information on obsolete +expressions, the word is readily to be found. Old Gouldman, for +instance, whose columns are replete with uncommon and local English +terms, gives “<i>Pandoxor</i>, to brew,” citing Alciatus +as authority, and “<i>Pandox</i>, a swill-bowl,” +apparently a word used by Statius. It is obviously a barbarous +derivative of the same Greek words as <i>Pandocium</i> or +<i>Pandoxarium</i> (<i title="pan">παν</i> and <i title="docheion">δοχειον</i>), the +hostelry open to all comers. If, however, a more recondite authority +for the explanation of the word, as formerly used in England, be +desired, I would refer your querist to the pages of the +<i>Promptorium Parvulorum</i>, where may be +found—“Bruwyn ale or other drynke, <i>Pandoxor</i>. +Browstar, or brewere, <i>Pandoxator, Pandoxatrix</i>,” the +medieval Bass or Guinness having been, most frequently, a female. +And, having cited the primitive lexicographer of Norfolk, I would +seize the occasion to offer a note, in response to the numerous +queries regarding the too tardy advance of the work in question, and +to assure your readers, who may be interested in the publications of +the Camden Society, that a further instalment of the +<i>Promptorium</i> is in forwardness, so that I hope to complete a +considerable portion, in readiness for issue, early in the current +year.</p> + +<p class="author">ALBERT WAY.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Saint Thomas of Lancaster</i>.—Not having Brady at hand, I +cannot tell what authorities he cites; but, as Mr. Milnes (No. 12. +p. 181.) does not mention Rymer, he perhaps may not know that he +will find in that collection some documentary evidence on the +subject of this saint, if saint he was; for instance—</p> +<blockquote> “<i>Super rumore Thomam nuper Comitem Lancastriæ miraculis + corruscuri</i>.”—Rym. Fœd. iii. p. 1033. A.D. 1323. + “Quod,” adds the king, “moleste gerimus.”</blockquote> +<p>But Edward III. was of quite another mind, and urged his +canonization of the Holy See. Witness Rymer:—</p> +<blockquote> “<i>Ad Papam; pro canonisatione Thomaelig; nuper Comitis + Lancastriæ</i>.”—Fœd. iv. p. 2. A.D. 1326.</blockquote> +<p>And again—</p> +<blockquote> “<i>Pro custodi</i>“ (Weryngton mentioned by Mr. Milnes), + “<i>Capellæ ad montem ubi nuper comes Lancastriæ decollatus + fuit</i>.”—Ib. p. 291.</blockquote> +<p>It seems that the bodies of some of Thomas’s accomplices were also +supposed to have worked miracles; for we find an ordinance—</p> +<blockquote> “<i>Contra Fingentes miracula fieri per inimicos Regis</i>.” + —Rym. Fœd. iv. p. 20. A.D. 1323.</blockquote> +<p>Andrews says (<i>Hist</i>. i. 342.) that Richard II. renewed the +application for Thomas’s canonization; but he does not give his +authority, and I have not time to look further through Rymer.</p> +<p>p. 184. <i>Jhon-John</i>.—I wonder Mr. Williams does not see that the +<i>h</i> is not “<i>introduced</i>“ for any purpose; it is an +integral part of the original name <i>Johannes</i>, which was +contracted into <i>Johan</i>, and in French into <i>Jehan</i>.</p> +<p>p. 185. <i>Slang Phrases</i>.—”<i>A Rowland for an Oliver</i>“ is +no slang phrase of the eighteenth century; it is a proverbial +expression as old as the days of the romances of <i>Roland</i> and +<i>Olivier</i>. The other two were phrases put into the mouths of +two characters (Dr. Ollapod, in Colman’s <i>Poor Gentleman</i>, and +Young Rapid, in Morton’s <i>Cure for the Heart-ache</i>), which grew +into vogue only from the success of the actors Fawcett and Lewis, +and had no meaning or allusion beyond what the words obviously +meant.</p> +<p class="author">C.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page235" name="page235"></a>{235}</span><i>Full of Rain in England.</i>—”ROYDON” (No. 11. p. 73) will +find the average quantity of rain fallen at Greenwich, for +twenty-five years, 1815 to 1839, in a very useful and clever +pamphlet, price 1<i>s</i>., by J.H. Belville, of the Royal Observatory, +published by Taylor, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, called <i>Manual +of the Mercurial and Aneroid Barometers.</i></p> +<p class="author"> +HENRY WILKINSON</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Judas Bell</i>—(No. 13, p. 195). In the “Flyting of Dunbar and +Kennedie,” a singular Scotch Poem, composed in the former half of +the 16th century, and printed in Ramsay’s <i>Evergreen</i>, the +following passage occurs (<i>Everg.</i> vol. ii. p. 74.):—</p> +<div class="verse"> +<p> “A Benefice quha wald give sic a Beist,</p> +<p class="in"> But gif it were to jingle <i>Judas bells</i>?</p> +<p> Tak thee a Fiddle or a Flute to jest,</p> +<p class="in"> Undocht thou art, ordained for naithing ells.”</p> +</div> +<p>The Judas bells may probably have been used in the Easter-eve +ceremonies, in connexion with which we find <i>Judas candles</i> +mentioned. See Brand’s <i>Popular Antiq.</i> by Sir H. Ellis, vol. +i. p. 29.</p> +<p class="author"> +C.W.G. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Boduc or Boduoc on British Coins</i>.—The real name of the +heroic queen of the Iceni is very uncertain. Walther (Tacitus, xiv. +Ann. c. 31.), adopts Boudicea. It is probable enough that the +syllables Boduo may have formed a part of it, as pronounced by the +Britons. We are reminded of Boduognatus, leader of the Nervii, +mentioned by Cæsar. But to come nearer home, the name Boduogenus is +found upon a bronze vessel discovered in the Isle of Ely, described +by Mr. Goddard Johnson, <i>Archæologia</i>, xxviii. p. 436.</p> +<p>C.W.G.</p> +<p> +<i>Lord Bacon’s Metrical Version of the Psalms.</i>—Lord Bacon’s +translation of seven psalms, the 1st, 12th, 90th, 104th, 126th, +127th, and 149th, with a Dedication to George Herbert, is found at +the end of the 2nd vol. of his works. (Lond. 1826.) They were +printed at London, 1625, in quarto.</p> +<p class="author">C.W.G.</p> +<p class="note"> [To this we may add, on the information of X.X., that some account + of these Psalms, with specimens, may be seen in Holland’s + <i>Psalmists of Britain</i>, 1824.]</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>A “Gib” Cat.</i>—What is the etymology of the term “Gibbe,” as +applied to the male cat? I may observe that the <i>g</i> is +pronounced <i>hard</i> in this locality, and not <i>jibbe</i>, as +most dictionaries have it.</p> +<p class="place"> +Burnley, Lancashire. +</p> +<p class="author"> +T.T.W. +</p> + +<p class="note"> [NARES has shown, very satisfactorily, that <i>Gib</i>, the + contraction of <i>Gilbert</i>, was the name formerly applied to a + cat, as <i>Tom</i> is now. He states that <i>Tibert</i> (the name + given to the Cat in the old Reynard the Fox) was the old French for + <i>Gilbert</i>; and at all events, be that as it may, Chaucer, in + his <i>Romance of the Rose</i>, verse 6204., translates “Thibert le + Cas” by “Gibbe our Cat.”]</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Lay of the Phœnix.</i>—”SELEUCUS” is informed that the +Anglo-Saxon Lay of the Phœnix is contained in the <i>Codex +Exoniensis</i>, edited by Mr. B. Thorpe. The Latin poem, in +hexameters and pentameters, attributed to Lactantius, is given at +the foot of the page. It will be found at the end of the works of +Lactantius, in the small edition by Fritzsche (Lipsiæ, 1842). +Fritzsche mentions two separate editions of the poem; 1. by Martini, +Lunæburgi, 1825; 2. by Leyser, Quedlinburgi, 1839.</p> +<p class="author"> +C.W.G. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Lay of the Phœnix.</i>—”SELEUCUS” (No. 13, p. 203.) asks, “Is +there any published edition of the hexameter poem by Lactantius, +which is said to have suggested the idea of the Anglo-Saxon <i>Lay +of the Phœnix</i>?” This poem is not in hexameter, but in elegiac +verse; and though, on account of its brevity, we could not expect +that it would have been separately published, it is to be found very +commonly at the end of the works of Lactantius; for example, in +three editions before me, Basil. 1524, Lugd. 1548, Basil. 1563. That +this poem, however, belongs to the Christian Cicero, at any period +of his life, is more than doubtful, even by the admission of +Romanists, who readily avail themselves of other compositions of +similar authority. It has been sometimes ascribed to Venantius +Fortunatus, and is by Sirmondus attributed to Theodulphus, Bishop of +Orleans. (<i>Opp.</i>, ii. 840. cf. iv. 519. Venet. 1728.)</p> +<p class="author"> +R.G. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Ordination Pledges.</i>—Your correspondent, “CLERICUS” (no. 10. +p. 156.), will find by far the most elaborate and judicious +examination of the import, design, and obligation of the various +oaths and subscriptions required of the clergy, in the successive +numbers of <i>The Christian Observer</i> for 1849.</p> +<p class="author"> +E.V. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Feast of St, Michael and All-Angels.</i>—The difficulty started +by “K.M.P.” (No. 13, p. 203.), with regard to the double second +lessons for the Feast of St. Michael and All-Angels, is easily +resolved by comparing the Table of Proper Lessons before and after +the last review of the <i>Prayer Book</i> in 1662; from which it +will be seen, that the proper <i>second</i> lessons were then +appointed for the first time, while the old second lessons for Sept. +29. were retained, either from inadvertence, or to avoid the +necessity of disarranging all the subsequent part of the calendar. +The present first lessons, Gen. xxxii., and Dan. x. v. 5., at the +same time took the place of the inappropriate chapters, Eccles. +xxxix. and xliv., which had been appointed for this day in Queen +Elizabeth’s Prayer Book, 1559.</p> +<p class="author"> +E.V. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Beaver Hat.</i>—Mr. T. Hudson Turner (No. 7. p. 100.) asks, +“What is the earliest known instance of the use of a <i>beaver +hat</i> in England?”</p> +<p> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page236" name="page236"></a>{236}</span> +Fairholt (<i>Costume in England</i>) says, the earliest notice +of it is in the reign of Elizabeth, and gives the following +quotation from Stubbe’s <i>Anatomy of Abuses,</i> 1580:—</p> +<blockquote> “And as the fashions be rare and strange, so is the stuff + whereof their hats be made divers also; for some are + of silk, some of velvet, some of taffetie, some of sarcenet, + some of wool, and, which is more curious, some of a certain + kind of fine haire; these they call <i>bever hattes</i>, of + xx, xxx, or xl shillings price, fetched from beyond the seas, + from whence a great sort of other varieties doe come besides.”</blockquote> +<p class="author"> +GASTROS. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Meaning of “Pisan.”</i>—Mr. Turner (No. 7. p.100.) asks the +meaning of the term <i>pisan</i>, used in old records for some part +of defensive armour.</p> +<p>Meyrick (<i>Ancient Armour</i>, vol. i. p. 155, 2d ed.) gives a +curious and interesting inventory of the arms and armour of Louis le +Hutin, King of France, taken in the year 1316, in which we find, +“Item 3 coloretes <i>Pizanes</i> de jazeran d’acier.” He describes +<i>pizane</i> (otherwise written <i>pizaine, pusen, pesen</i>) as a +collar made, or much in fashion, at Pisa. The jazeran armour was +formed of overlapping plates. In the metrical romance of <i>Kyng +Alisaunder</i>, edited by Webber, occur the lines—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<p> “And Indiens, and Emaniens,</p> +<p> With swordes, lances, and <i>pesens.</i>“</p> +</div> +<p>Weber explains the <i>pesens</i> here as gorgets, armour for the +neck.</p> +<p>In more recent MSS. <i>pisan</i> may be a contraction for +<i>partisan</i>, a halberd.</p> +<p>I cannot agree with your correspondent “A.F.” (p.90), that the nine +of diamonds was called “the curse (cross) of Scotland” from its +resemblance to the cross of St. Andrew, which has the form of the +Roman X; whereas the pips on the nine of diamonds are arranged in +the form of the letter H. “Mend the instance.”</p> +<p>Erratum. P. 181 col. 2. line 3., for <i>obscurities</i>, read +<i>obscenities.</i></p> +<p class="place"> +Cambridge, Jan. 31. 1850. +</p> +<p class="author"> +GASTROS. +</p> +<br /> + +<p><i>Pokership—God tempers the Wind</i>.—I am disposed to think that +<i>Parkership</i> will turn out to be the right explanation, because +almost every forest or chase contained a <i>fenced park</i>, in +which the deer were confined; and the charge of the woods and park +might be consigned to the same person; and the error in spelling the +word was probably copied from one genealogist to another.</p> +<p>Nevertheless, Mr. Corney’s conjecture may be right, as Forby +(<i>Vocabulary,</i> vol. ii. p. 258.) mentions Poke-Day as the day +on which the allowance of corn is made to the labourers, <i>who, in +some places, receive a part of their wages in that form.</i> Now the +<i>Pokerer</i> might be the officer who distributed the grain on +these occasions.</p> +<p>I open my note to add, that Mr. Gutch (No. 14. p. 211.) will find, +in Sterne’s <i>Sentimental Journey</i>,—”<i>God tempers the +wind</i>,” said Maria, “to the shorn lamb.”</p> +<p>The words which I have underlined are printed in Italics in my +edition of the work (London, 12mo. 1790), which may indicate that +they are quoted from some other author.</p> +<p class="author"> +BRAYBROOKE. +</p> +<p class="place">Audley End, Feb. 2.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Walewich or Watewich.</i>—I have made the reference suggested by +“W.B.M.”</p> +<p>Canute was residing at Walewich, and the Abbot of Ely was +consecrated there by the Archbishop of Canterbury. This “Walewich” +can be no obscure place, and we need not look for it in +Cambridgeshire.</p> +<p>I am inclined to think that the word ought to have been written +Warewich, <i>i.e.</i> Warwick.</p> + +<p>Soham Mere (Mare de Soham) once covered 1369 1⁄2 +acres.—Lyson’s <i>Cambridge</i>, 254.</p> + +<p>Portum Pusillum, if not Littleport, was a place upon the Cam or the +Ouse, within sight of Ely Minster.</p> + +<p>Does your correspondent suppose that Northmouth was among the fens? +If so, he may consult <i>Inquisitio Eliensis</i>, or Dugdale’s Map +of the Bedford Level, which is in the Museum.</p> + +<p class="author">J.F.M.</p> + +<p class="place">Dec. 22.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Madoc’s Emigration to +America.</i>—”ANGLO-CAMBRIAN” (No. 4. p. 57.), in +contradiction to the occurrence of Madoc’s emigration, has +adduced what he supposes to be a gross anachronism in the words +“Madoc was directed by the <i>best compass</i>, and this in +1170!” Now, unfortunately for this opinion, the passage on +which it is founded will not allow of his interpretation. The +original words are in Sir Thomas Herbert’s <i>Travels</i>, +and, in his expressive language, they are as +follows:—”By Providence, the best compass, and benefit +of the pole-star, he returned safely to his own country.” Most +certainly this cannot imply that Madoc was acquainted with the +mariner’s compass.</p> + +<p>“J.M.T.” also seems to give great weight to the fact of a +“Welsh-Indian vocabulary” having been formed, containing no trace of any Celtic root. This seems conclusive, yet it is not so; for I have some words, extracted from a vocabulary of the Mandan (Indian) +language made by Mr. Catlin, during his sojourn among them, all of +which, with very slight allowance for corruption, are clearly Welsh. +Mr. Catlin believes the Mandans to have been descended from the +followers of Prince Madoc, from the strong evidence which he +considers his stay among them afforded him, and detailed in his work +on the Indians. I regret to add, that the Mandans have been +exterminated by the small-pox and the weapons of their enemies. I +have long taken a deep, because a national, interest in this +question, and have endeavoured to examine in the spirit of that +noble <span class="pagenum"><a id="page237" name="page237"></a>{237}</span>precept, which ought to be bound up with the existence of +every <i>Cymro</i>, “The truth against the world.” Consequently, I +have found that much of what is put forth as evidence on this +question is, as Mr. Corney has very justly intimated, quite +inadmissible; in short, unworthy of belief. Still, the inquiry has +afforded me sufficient reasons for viewing the question of Prince +Madoc’s emigration as a fact, and for supporting it as such as far +as my humble testimony will allow.</p> + +<p class="author"> +GOMER. +</p> +<br /> + +<p><i>Caerphili Castle</i>.—With reference to +“PWCCA’S” query (No. 10. p. 157.), it may be noted +that <i>Full</i> is the Welsh word for “haste,” and, if +the <i>derivatur</i>, must allude to the original structure having +been hastily erected.</p> + +<p class="author">GOMER.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Origin of word Bug</i>.—I should feel obliged by your informing +me whether the word <i>Bug</i> is not of <i>Celtic</i> origin, +signifying a “<i>Ghost</i> or <i>Goblin</i>?” Vide Shakespeare’s +<i>Taming of the Shrew</i>, Act I. Scene II.:—</p> + +<blockquote>“Tush, tush, fright boys with <i>bugs</i>.” </blockquote> + +<p>And whether, in <i>Mathews’</i> Bible, A.D. 1537, the 5th +verse of the 91st Psalm is not thus rendered:—</p> + +<blockquote> “Thou shalt not need to be afraid of any <i>bugs</i> by night”?</blockquote> + +<p>literally, in the Hebrew, “<i>Terror</i> of the night.”</p> + +<p class="author">J.P.</p> + +<p class="note">[<i>Bug</i> in Welsh means a ghost or goblin. It is +probably the same with the Icelandic <i>Paki</i>, an evil spirit. +But on this etymology our correspondent can consult an article by +Sir F. Palgrave, on the “Popular Mythology of the Middle +Ages.” in the <i>Quarterly Review</i>, vol. xxii.;a paper, by +Mr. Thoms, on the “Folk Lore of Shakspeare,” No. 6.; +“Puck’s several Names,” in <i>The +Athenæum</i>, Oct. 9. 1847; and lastly, Mr. Keightley’s +most interesting work, <i>The Fairy Mythology</i>. vol. ii. p. 118., +of which we are happy to hear that a new and enlarged edition may +shortly be expected.]</p> + +<a name="miscellanies"></a> +<br /> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>MISCELLANIES.</h2> +<br /> +<p><i>Excecution of Duke of Monmouth.</i>—Among the memorials +of the “rash but unfortunate Duke of Monmouth,” which +have recently attracted much attention, and for which the public are +principally indebted to certain inquiries originated in the +“NOTES AND QUERIES,” I have not observed any notice +taken of an anecdote respecting him, which is current among our +neighbours on the Continent; namely, that he gave six guineas to the +executioner, the JOHN KETCH of that day, to perform his work +well!—</p> + +<blockquote> + “Le Duc de Monmout donna six guinées au Bourreau de + Londres, pour lui bien couper la tête; mais le + misérable ne mérroit par ces guinées, + puisqu’il la lui coupa très mal.” +</blockquote> + +<p>This anecdote is introduced, in the form of a note, into the folio +Dictionary of Pierre Richelet, a most valuable work, and full of +history, ancient and modern. Can any of your correspondents produce +the authority for this anecdote? Richelet himself does not give any, +but merely relates the story, apparently with a view of illustrating +the term “guinea,” as applied to the gold coin of Charles the +Second. Vid, voc. “<i>Guinée</i>.”</p> +<p class="author">J.I.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>By Hook or by Crook</i>.—I send you a note, which I made some +years ago.</p> +<p>This expression is much more ancient than the time of Charles I., to +which it is generally referred. It occurs in Skelton, <i>Colin +Clout</i>, line 31. <i>a fine</i>:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<p> “Nor wyll suffer this boke</p> +<p> <i>By hooke ne by crooke</i></p> +<p> Prynted for to be.”</p> +</div> + +<p>In Spenser, f. 2. v. ii. 27.:—</p> + +<div class="verse"> + <p>“Thereafter all that mucky pelfe he tooke,</p> + <p> The spoile of peoples evil gotten good,</p> + <p> The which her sire had serap’t by hooke and crooke,</p> + <p> And burning all to ashes pour’d it down the brooke.”</p></div> + +<p>In Holland’s <i>Suetonius</i>, p. 169:—</p> + + <blockquote>“Likewise to get, to pill and poll <i>by hooke + and crooke</i> so much, as that——”</blockquote> +<p>In a letter of Sir Richard Morysin to the Privy +Council, in Lodges <i>Illustrations, &c</i>., i. 154:—</p> +<blockquote> + “Ferrante Gonzaga, d’Arras, and Don + Diego, are in a leage, utterlie bent to myslyke, and to charge <i>by + hook or by crooke</i>, anything don, or to be don, by the thre + fyrst.”</blockquote> + +<p class="author">L.S.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Cupid Crying</i>.—The beautiful epigram upon this +subject, which appeared in No. 11 p. 172., was kindly quoted, +“for its extreme elegance,” by the <i>Athenæum</i> +of the 26th January, which produced the following communication to +that journal of Saturday last:—</p> + +<blockquote>“Will the correspondent of the ‘NOTES AND +QUERIES,’ whose pretty epigram appears copied into your +<i>Athenæum</i> of Saturday last, accept the following as a +stop-gap pending the discovery of the Latin original? </blockquote> + +<div class="poem"> +<p>“En lacrymosus Amor! Fidem quia perdidit arcum</p> + <p class="i2">Vapulat! Exultans Cælia tela tenet.</p> +<p>Ast illam potuitne Puer donare sagittis?</p> +<p class="i2">Subrisit:—Matrem credidit esse suam.</p> +</div> + +<p class="author" title="Amorphota"> +<i>“Αµορφωτα. 5.</i>”</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Miry-land Town.</i>—As an addition to the note of +“J.R.F.” (p. 167. No. 11.) on Miry-land Town, and by way +of corroboration of his reading, I may just mention that the towns +and villages in the Weald of Kent are familiarly spoken of as places +“down in the mud,” by the inhabitants of other parts of +the country. Those who are acquainted with the Weald will agree that +this designation is not undeserved.</p> + +<p class="author">HENRY KERSLEY.</p> +<br /> +<a name="booknotes"></a> +<hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page238" name="page238"></a>{238}</span> +<br /> +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3> + +<p>The Surtees Society, for the publication of inedited MSS. +illustrative of the intellectual, moral, religious, and social +condition of those parts of the United Kingdom which constitute the +ancient kingdom of Northumberland, has been remodelled. The +subscription for the year is one guinea, and the works in immediate +preparation are, 1. “The Injunctions and other Ecclesiastical +Proceedings of Richard Barnes, Bishop of Durham (1577-87);” +and, 2. “The Anglo-Saxon Hymnarium.”</p> + +<p>We have great pleasure in directing attention to the <i>Exhibition +of Works of Ancient and Mediæval Art</i> which is to be opened in +the Adelphi next month.</p> + +<p>This is a great opportunity for forming an Exhibition of a novel and +most interesting kind, one which is calculated both to interest and +amuse the archæologist and the public, and to instruct the artizan +and the manufacturer. We sincerely hope possessors of articles +suitable for exhibition, will not fail to take advantage of it. They +should immediately enter into communication with the Honorary +Secretary to the Exhibition, at the rooms of the Society of Arts, or +they will be too late.</p> + +<p>The <i>Gentlemen’s Magazine</i> realizes all our +anticipations. The Reviews are of a very superior order. Justice is +done <i>to</i> as well as <i>upon</i> the authors who have come +under notice, and the original articles are of high value; those +upon the <i>Dea Sequana</i> and the <i>History of Words</i> are +especially worthy of notice. Mr. Waller’s papers upon +<i>Christian Iconography</i> promise to be of the highest value. A +new career of usefulness and honour has been opened up to Sylvanus +Urban, who seems determined to merit the addition lately made to his +title, and to become what is really a desideratum in English +Literature—a good “<i>Historical Review</i>.”</p> + +<p>Messrs. Sotheby and Co. will sell, on Thursday and Friday next, a +very choice Selection of Magnificent Books and Pictorial Works from +the Library of an eminent Collector, including large paper copies of +the Antiquarian Works of Visconti, Montfaucon, &c.; the first four +editions of Shakspeare, and other works of similar high character.</p> + +<p>We have received the following Catalogues:—</p> + +<blockquote> + “Catalogue of most splendid and truly valuable Ancient + Manuscripts upon Vellum and Paper, particularly rich in History + and Topography, Heraldry and County Visitations, Pedigrees and + Family History, Ancient Charters, Royal Grants and other Documents + of peculiar interest to the Antiquary and Historian, on sale by + Thomas Thorpe, 13. Henrietta Street, Covent Garden; and</blockquote> + +<blockquote> + “Bernard Quartch’s Catalogue of Foreign and English + Books, selling for Cash at very reduced Prices, at 16. Castle + Street, Leicester Square; comprising Antiquities, History, + Heraldry, Numismatics, Classics, Ethnology, Languages, + &c.</blockquote> +<br /> +<a name="wanted"></a> +<hr /> + +<br /> +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3> +<h4>WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h4> + +<p class="centre">(<i>In continuation of Lists in Former Nos</i>.)</p> + +<p>ALANI OPERA. Edit. C. DE NISCH. Antwerp, 1654.</p> + +<p>CLICHTORÆUS, ELUCIDATORIUM ECCLESIASTICUM. Paris, 1556.</p> + +<p>CORNER, PROMPTUARIUM DEVOTIONIS. Vienna, 1672.</p> +<br /> +<p class="centre"><i>Odd Volumes</i>.</p> + +<p>AMES AND HERBERT’S TYPOGRAPHICAL ANTIQUITIES. By DIBDIN. +Vol. I.</p> + +<p class="note">*<sub>*</sub>* Letters stating particulars and lowest price, +<i>carriage free</i>, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of +“NOTES AND QUERIES,” 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<br /> +<a name="notices"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.</h3> + +<p>R.J.S. <i>will find in</i> No. 12. p. 188., <i>an answer to his +query in reply to a previous query in</i> No. 8. p. 125.</p> + +<p>F.D. (BRADFORD) <i>is informed that the</i> Towneley Mysteries +<i>have been printed by the Surtees Society, and the</i> Coventry +<i>and</i> Chester Mysteries <i>by the Shakspeare Society. We have +no doubt the</i> Collection of Early Mysteries, <i>printed at Basle, +may be procured from any of the foreign booksellers</i>.</p> + +<p>W. <i>calls our attention to an error in p. 217</i>. The Field of +Forty Foot-steps<i> is a distinct work by Miss Porter, published in +the same collection as</i> “Coming Out,”<i> but not the +second title of that work.</i></p> + +<p>J.K.R.W. <i>Many thanks, although there has not been an +opportunity of using the communications.</i></p> + +<p>G.W. <i>will find the phrase “to dine with Duke +Humphrey” very fully illustrated in Nares</i>.</p> + +<p><i>We are compelled, by want of space, to omit our usual +acknowledgment of</i> COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED.</p> + +<p><i>We are again compelled to omit many Notes, Queries, and +Answers to Queries which are in type, as well as Answers to +Correspondents</i>.</p> +<br /> +<a name="adv"></a> +<hr class="adverts" /> +<br /> +<p>Uniform with “HALLAM’S LITERATURE OF EUROPE.”</p> +<p>Now ready, in 3 vols. 8vo. 42<i>s</i>.</p> +<p>A HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. With Criticism on particular Works, +and Biographical Notices of Prominent Writers. By GEORGE TICKNOR, +Esq.</p> +<p class="centre">JOHN Murray, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p>NEW WORK BY LORD LINDSAY.</p> + +<p>This day is published. 3vols. 8vo. 42<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p>LIVES OF THE LINDSAYS; or, a Memoir of the HOUSES OF CRAWFORD AND +BALCARRES. By LORD LINDSAY.</p> + +<p>Also, by the same Author. 3 vols. 8vo. 31<i>s</i>. 6d.</p> + +<p>SKETCHES of the HISTORY of CHRISTIAN ART.</p> + +<p class="centre">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="adverts" /> + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page239" name="page239"></a>{239}</span> + +<p class="centre">On the 15th of February will be published, No. II., for 1850, of</p> + +<h3>JOHN MILLER’S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW,</h3> + +<p class="centre">On sale at 43, Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square, +to be had gratis, and sent (if required) postage free to any +Book-buyer. The prices are for ready money only.</p> + +<p>It will contain, amongst other subjects, a large collection of +Books on HERALDRY, GENEALOGY, and FAMILY HISTORY, a few Books on +ANGLING, some early ENGLISH DICTIONARIES, Books of POETRY, HISTORY, +TOPOGRAPHY, and ENGRAVINGS, with various works in other interesting +departments of Miscellaneous Literature.</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>A CHRONICLE OF THE KYNGES OF ENGELONDE, from ye Normane Conqueste to +the reygne of our Soveragne Ladie Elizabethe, wythe a summarie +accounte of eache reygne, by G.C.L. A MANUSCRIPT of the last +century, in 4to., calf, very neat, 37 full-length portraits, +water-colour drawings, curiously emblazoned in gold and colours, +with the Arms and Insignia of each Monarch, and numerous other +devices, ornaments and borders, from the library of Sir Gore Ousely, +with a portrait apparently of the executor. 3<i>l</i>. 3<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p>ANNALS OF THE CALEDONIANS, PICTS, AND SCOTS, and of Strathclyde, +Cumberland, Galloway, and Murray, by J. RITSON, Esq. 2 vols cr. 8vo. +Half-bound morocco, extra marble edges, 8<i>s</i>. 6d. 1828.</p> + +<p>BETHAMS (W.) BARONETAGE OF ENGLAND, or the History of the English +Baronets, and such Baronets of Scotland as are of English Families. +5 vols. 4to. Half-calf, neat, with Genealogical Tables, and +Engravings of Armorial Bearings, 1<i>l</i>. 10<i>s</i>. 1801-1808.</p> + +<p>BUCKINGHAM’S ORIENTAL HERALD AND COLONIAL REVIEW, +comprising a Mass of Valuable Writings on the Colonies and their +Government. Complete in 23 vols. 8vo. Half-calf, very neat. 1<i>l</i>. 10<i>s</i>. +1824-1829.</p> + +<p>BUCKINGHAM’S (J.S.) TRAVELS AMONG THE ARAB TRIBES in +Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Assyria, Media, and Persia. 3 vols. 4to., +not uniform in binding. Maps, Portrait, and upwards of 80 +Illustrations, 1<i>l</i>. 17<i>s</i>. 1825-1829.</p> + +<p>BYRON’S (LORD) LETTERS AND JOURNALS, with Notices of his +Life, by THOMAS MOORE. 3 vols. 8vo., illustrated with 41 Engravings +by the Findens, from Designs by Turner, Stanfield, &c., +elegantly half-bound morocco, marbled edges, in the best style, by +Hayday, 1<i>l</i>. 8<i>s</i>. 1813.</p> + +<p>DALLAWAY’S INQUIRY INTO THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF HERALDRY IN +ENGLAND. Royal 4to., coloured plates, calf, very neat, 16<i>s</i>. +Gloucester, 1793.</p> + +<p>THE EDINBURGH REVIEW, from its Commencement in 1802 to the Year +1824, forming a valuable Series of the Journal. 40 vols. in 20. +8vo., nearly half-bound in russia, only 2<i>l</i>. 12<i>s</i>. 6d. 1802-1824</p> + +<p>FRERON L’ANNE LITTERAIRE, from 1754 to 1777, wanting a few +intermediate Volumes. 166 vols. 12mo., calf, neat, 2<i>l</i>. 2<i>s</i>. +1754-1777.</p> + +<p>GALLERY OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN PORTRAITS, with Memoirs by various +distinguished Writers. 7 vols. imp. 8vo. cloth, uncut, top edges +gilt. 168 fine Portraits. An early copy. 3<i>l</i>. 13<i>s</i>. 6d.</p> + +<p>GIUSTINIAN (BERNARD) HISTORIE CHRONOLOGICHE DEL L’ORIGINR +DEGL’ ORDINI MILITARI E DI TUTTE LE RELIGIONI CARVALLE RESCHE +INFINO AD HORA INSTITUITE NEL MONDO. 2 vols. royal 4 to. Illustrated +with 30 fine full-length Engravings of the Costumes, &c. of the +various Orders of Knighthood in the World, with numerous other +Illustrations, 1<i>l</i>. 11<i>s</i>. 6d. Venezen, 1692.</p> + +<p>JOURNAL OF THE LONDON GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, from its +Commencement. 12 vols. 8vo. half-calf, gilt, Maps, &c. 3<i>l</i>. +3<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p>LINGARD’S (JOHN, D.D.) HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the First +Invasion of the Romans. 13 vols. fcap. 8vo. 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Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, February 9. 1850.</p> + +<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11929 ***</div> +</body> +</html> + + diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..25a876e --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #11929 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11929) diff --git a/old/11929-8.txt b/old/11929-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8fdef60 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/11929-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2551 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries 1850.02.09, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries 1850.02.09 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: April 7, 2004 [EBook #11929] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES 1850.02.09 *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, Susan Lucy and PG Distributed Proofreaders. +Produced from images provided by The Internet Library of Early +Journals. + + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +NO. 15] +SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1850. +[Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d. + + * * * * * {225} + + +CONTENTS. + +NOTES:-- Page + Wages in 17th and 19th centuries, by Rev. L.B. Larking ..225 + Marlowe and the old Taming of a Shrew, by S. Hickson ....226 + Notes from Fly-Leaves, No. 6., by Rev. J. Jebb ..........227 + Shakspeare's Use of Monosyllables, by C. Forbes .........227 + Notes on Cunningham's London, by E.F. Rimbault ..........228 + +QUERIES:-- + Folk Lore (Metrical Charms), by William J. Thoms ........229 + Allusions in the Homilies ...............................229 + Minor Queries:--Pope's Translations of + Horace-- + Havior--Arabic Numerals--Eaton's Edward III.-- + Dog Latin--Cuckoo, Welsh Ambassador--A recent + Novel--Authorship of a couplet--Seal of Killigrew .....230 + +REPLIES:-- + Selago and Samolus ......................................231 + Ælfric's Colloquy, by B. Thorpe .........................232 + Portraits of Luther and Erasmus .........................232 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Praise undeserved--French + Maxim--Singular Motto--Discurs, Modest.--Pallace + --Litany Version of the Psalms--Tempora Mutantur, + &c.--Pandoxare--St. Thomas of Lancaster--Fall of + Rain in England--Judas Bell--Boduc on British + Coins--Lord Bacon's Version of the Psalms--A + "Gib" Cat--Lay of the Phoenix, &c. ....................233 + +MISCELLANIES:-- + Execution of Duke of Monmouth--By Hook or by Crook + --Cupid Crying--Miry-land Town ..........................237 + +MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. ..................238 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted ............................238 + Notices to Correspondents ...............................238 + Advertisements ..........................................238 + + * * * * * + + +WAGES IN 17TH AND 19TH CENTURIES. + +Running my eye accidentally through the household book of Sir Roger +Twysden, from 1659 to 1670, it occurred to me to make a comparison +between the relative prices of meat and wages, as there given, in +order to ascertain the position of our peasantry in these parts, at +the close of the 17th century. I send you a few extracts, by which +it will be seen that, in Kent, at least, our agricultural labourers +appear to have been in far better condition than those of the rest +of England, who, in Mr. Macaulay's brilliant work, are represented +as living "almost entirely on rye, barley, and oats," owing to the +exorbitantly high price of meat, as compared with the ordinary scale +of wages. + +As to meat, I find the following entries:-- + + "1659. Beef + 2s. and 1s. 8d. per stone. + a loin of mutton 1s. 6d. + 1662. Beef 2s. per stone. + a shin of beef 1s. 10d. + a loin of veal 3s. 4d. + a calve's head 1s. 2d. + a quarter of mutton 4s. 4d. and 5s. + a side of mutton 9s. + 1664. 8 quarters of mutton 32s. + 1 quarter of do. 4s. + 6 stone of beef 10s. 4d. + 1666. 6 stone of beef 10s. 4d. + a fat weather 12s. 8d. + 32 fat weathers 19l. + 1667. 10 stone of beef and 2 lb. of suet 18s. + 22 stone of beef 2l. + 23 stone of beef 2l. 3s. + a chine and a quarter of veal 8s. + 1670. A chine and a quarter of mutton 5s. + a quarter of lamb 2s. 6d." + +Through this period we have:-- + + "Cheese per load, _i.e._ 56 lb., at 14s., 11s., 10s., 4d., + 9s. 6d." + +The wages of labourers through the same period are entered:-- + + "Sawyer 2s. 6d. per hundred. + a farm carpenter 1s. 6d. per day. + or, 'I finding him,' 1s. per day. + common labourers, generally 1s. per \ + day; sometimes, but less frequently, > in 1849, 2s. + 9d. per day / + threshing wheat, 16d. per quarter in 1849, 3s. + mowing, from 1s. to 1s. 8d. per acre in 1849, 3s. 6d. + mowing oats, 1s. 3d. per acre in 1849, 2s. 6d. + mowing clover, 1s. 6d. per acre in 1849, 2s. 6d. + hayers, 2s. and 2s. 6d. per week in 1849, 6s. + reaping, 2s. per acre in 1849, 10s. to 14s. + sheep shearing, 1s. per score in 1849, 2s. 6d. + hedging 2-1/2d. per rod in 1849, 4d. + hoeing, 6d. per acre in 1849, 4s. + women 8d. per day in 1849, 1s., and 1s. 4d. + boys, 4d. per day in 1849, 6d. and 3d. + making faggots, 18d. and 20d. per hundred; in 1849, 3s." + +A reference to the household-books of the Derings, in East Kent, +gives the same results. + +The wages given by Sir Roger Twysden to his household servants at +this time were:-- + + "Housekeeper 5l. per annum. + maids 2l. 10s. and 3l. + men 5l. 10s., 5l. and 4l." + +{226}I have added, in most instances, the prices now paid to +labourers in these parts, having obtained my information from the +farmers of the neighbourhood. + +The price of butchers' meat at present, in this neighbourhood, is +from 6d. to 7 1/2d. per lb.; by wholesale, 3s. 6d. or 3s. 8d. per +stone. + +As far, then, as the relative prices of wages and meat can guide us, +the labourer, in these parts, was as well able to purchase meat in +1670 as he is now. + +Unhappily for him, the imprudence of early marriage entailing upon +him the charge of a family, he is precluded from the indulgence in +fresh meat, except as an occasional treat. Cheese and bacon, +however, are still within his reach. The improvidence of early +marriage rarely occurred in former days, and palpably, if our +Kentish labourers lived _entirely_ on oats and rye, it was not +of _necessity_ that they did so. I am inclined to think that, +in many of the instances given above, especially in haying and +harvest, provisions of some sort were found by the employer, over +and above the wages. When I have more leisure, I will endeavour to +obtain correct information on this point; and meanwhile, send you +the entries just as I find them. I observe an entry of "peas to boil +for the men." They had porridge then, at all events, in addition to +their wages; and these wages, if they had so chosen, could further +have purchased them meat, quite as well as at the present day; +though, alas for our poor peasantry, this is not saying much for +them; and even of that little smack of meat they will soon be +debarred, if the present system--but I am intruding on sacred +ground, and must leave the poor fellows to their hard work and +scanty meals. + +LAMBERT B. LARKING. + + * * * * * + + +MARLOWE AND THE OLD "TAMING OF A SHREW." + +I regret that my communication (No. 13. p. 194.), on the subject of +the authorship of _The Taming of a Shrew_, was too late to be +of any avail for the already-published new edition of Marlowe's +works; and, had I been aware of such being the case, I should have +waited until I had had an opportunity of seeing a work whose editor +may entertain views in ignorance of which, to my disadvantage, I am +still writing. It is, perhaps, a still greater disadvantage that I +should appear to depend for proofs upon a bare enumeration of +parallel passages; when I know that the space I should require for +the purposes of stating the case fully and fairly, and, as I think, +conclusively, would be utterly inconsistent with that brevity which +must be with you an essential condition; while, at the same time, I +know of no medium through which I am so likely to enlist the +attention of a "fit audience" as your publication. Premising that my +references are to _The Taming of a Shrew_ in "Six Old Plays," +1799, and to Marlowe's Works, edit. 1826, I proceed to indicate such +passages as a rapid glance through the respective works, aided by +some previous acquaintance with the subject, and a not very bad +memory, furnished. Some of the parallels will be found identical; in +others, the metaphors will be found to be the same, with the +expression more or less varied; and in others, again, particular +expressions are the same, though the tenor of the phrase be +different. It will be observed that the quotations of Marlowe are +exclusively from _Dr. Faustus_ and _Tamburlaine_. Of the +longer passages I have given merely the first line for reference; +and I have numbered them for the convenience of comparison:-- + +THE TAMING OF A SHREW. + +(1) "Now that the gloomy shadow of the night," &c. p. 161. + +(2) "But stay, what dames are these, so bright of hue," &c. p. 167. + +(3) "O, might I see the censer of my soule." &c. p.169. + +(4) "Come, fair Emelia, my lovely love," &c. p. 180. + "Valeria, attend, I have a lovely love," &c. p. 191. + "And all that pierceth Phoebus' silver eye," &c. p. 181. + "Fair Emelia, summer's bright sun queen," &c. p.199. + +(5) "I fill'd my coffers of the wealthy mines," &c. p.181. + +(6) "As richly wrought + As was the massy robe that late adorn'd + The stately legate of the Persian king," p.183. + +(7) "_Boy_. Come hither, sirha boy. + _Sander_. Boy, O, disgrace to my person!" &c. p.184. + + +MARLOWE. + +(1) "Now that the gloomy shadow of the night," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p.127. + +(2) "Zenocrate, the loveliest maid alive," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.46. + +(3) "Whose darts do pierce the centre of my soul," &c. + --_Tamb._ vol. i. p.120. + + "Was this the face that launch'd a thousand ships," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p.192. + +(4) "Now bright Zenocrate, the world's fair eye," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.102 + + "Batter the shining palace of the sun," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.120 + + "A greater lamp than that bright eye of heaven," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.154. + + --"the golden eye of heaven." + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.155. + + "Wherein are rocks of pearl that shine as bright," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.177. + +(5) "I'll have them fly to India for gold," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p. 123. + +(6) "And show your pleasure to the Persian + As fits the legate of the stately Turk." + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.87. +{226} + +(7) "_Wagner_. Come hither, sirha! Boy! + _Clown_. Boy! O disgrace to my person!" &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii, p. 131. + +Leaving the question in this position for the present, I shall be +glad of such information from any of your readers as may tend to +throw a light on the date of Shakspeare's _Taming of the +Shrew_. I find Mr. Collier's opinion expressed in the following +words:-- + + "The great probability is that _Hamlet_ was written + at the earliest in 1601, and the _Taming of the Shrew_ + perhaps came from the pen of its author not very long afterwards." + +I am anxious to ascertain whether I am acquainted with all the +circumstances on which the above opinion is founded; as those which +I can, at this moment, recall, are to my mind hardly sufficiently +conclusive. Rejecting the supposed allusion to Heywood's _Woman +Kill'd with Kindness_, which I see, by a note, Mr. Collier gives +up as untenable ground, the facts, I believe, remain as follows:-- + +First: _The Taming of the Shrew_ was not mentioned by Meres in +1598, whereupon it is assumed that "had it been written, he could +scarcely have failed to mention it." And, + +Second: it must have been written after _Hamlet_, because the +name Baptista, used incorrectly in that play as a feminine name, is +properly applied to a man in this. And these, I believe, are all. +Now, the first of these assumptions I answer, by asking, "Does it +follow?" Of all Shakspeare's plays which had then appeared, only +three had been published before 1598, and not one comedy. Meres, in +all probability, had no list to refer to, nor was he making one: he +simply adduced, in evidence of his assertion of Shakspeare's +excellence, both in tragedy and comedy, such plays of both kinds as +he _could_ recollect, or the best of those which he _did_ +recollect. Let us put the case home; not in reference to any modern +dramatist (though Shakspeare in his own day was not the great +exception that he stands with us), but to the world-honoured poet +himself, who has founded a sort of religion in us: I, for my part, +would not be bound not to omit, in a hasty enumeration, and having +no books to refer to, more important works than the _Taming of the +Shrew_. In short, the omission by Meres proves no more than that +he either did not think of the play, or did not think it necessary +to mention it. To the second assumption, I answer that the date of +the _first Hamlet_ is "not proven:" it may have been an early +play. From the play of _Hamlet_, in its earlier form, is the +name Baptiste, where it is used in conjunction with Albertus, taken; +the scene mentioned is Guiana; and there is nothing to lead one to +suppose that the name is used as an Italian name at all. Both the +date of _Hamlet_, therefore, and--whichever way decided--the +conclusion drawn from the supposed mistake, I regard as open +questions. There is yet another circumstance which Mr. Collier +thinks may strengthen his conclusion with regard to the date of this +play. He refers to the production of Dekker's _Medicine for a +Curst Wife_, which he thinks was a revival of the old _Taming +of a Shrew_, brought out as a rival to Shakspeare's play. This is +easily answered. In the first place, Katharine, the Shrew, is not a +"curst wife:" she becomes a wife, it is true, in the course of the +play; but this is a part of the process of taming her. But what +seems at once to disprove it is, that, according to Henslow's +account, Dekker was paid 10_l_. 10_s_. for the piece in +question; as Mr. Collier observes, an "unusually large sum" for a +new piece, and not likely to be paid for the bashing up of an old +one. I am thus left entirely without a clue, derivable from external +evidence, to the date of this play; and shall be glad to know if +there is any thing, throwing light upon the point, which I may have +overlooked. That more important consequences are involved in this +question than appear upon the face of it, I think I shall be able to +show in a future communication; and this is my excuse for +trespassing so much upon your space and your readers' patience. + +SAMUEL HICKSON. + +St. John's Wood, Jan. 26. 1850. + + * * * * * + + +NOTES FROM FLY-LEAVES, NO. 6. + +In a copy of Burnet's _Telluris Theoria Sacra_ (in Latin), +containing only the two first books (1 vol. 4to., Lond. 1689), there +is the following entry in Bishop Jebb's hand-writing:-- + + "From the internal evidence, not only of additional matter + in the margin of this copy, but of frequent erasures and + substitutions, I was led to suppose it was the author's copy, + illustrated by his own annotations and improvements. The + supposition is, perhaps, sufficiently corroborated by the + following extract from the _Biographia Britannica_, + vol. iii. p. 18. + + "'It seems it was usual with Dr. Burnet, before he published + any thing in Latin, to have two or three copies, and no more, + printed off, which he kept by him for some time, in order to + revise at leisure what he had written _currente calamo_, + and sometimes, when he thought proper, to be communicated to + his particular friends for their opinions, &c.' + + "This copy, as it does not differ from any of the editions of + 1689, was certainly not one of those _proofs_. But the + Doctor's habit of annotating on his own Latin books after they + were printed, renders it extremely probable that this book was + a preparation for a new edition. It would be well to compare it + with the English translation." + +The nature of many of the corrections and additions (which are very +numerous), evidently shows a preparation for the press. I have +compared this copy with the English edition, published in the same +year, and find that some of the {228}corrections were adopted; this, +however, but in a few instances, while in one, to be mentioned +presently, a palpable mistake, corrected in the MS. Latin notes, +stands in the translation. The English version differs very +materially from the Latin. The author says in his Preface:-- + + "This English version is the same in substance with the + Latin, though I confess, 'tis not so properly a translation, + as a new composition upon the same ground, there being + several additional chapters in it, and several new moulded." + +The following are examples of corrections being adopted: P. 6. Latin +ed. "Quod abunde probabitur in principio libri secundi." For the +last word _subsequentis_ is substituted, and the English has +_following_. P. 35. "Hippolitus" is added to the authorities in +the MS.; and in the English, p. 36., "Anastasius Sinaiti, S. +Gaudentius, Q. Julius Hilarius, Isidorus Hispalensis, and +Cassiodorus," are inserted after Lactantius, in both. P. 37. +"Johannes Damascenus" is added after St. Augustin in both. P. 180. a +clause is added which seems to have suggested the sentence +beginning, "Thus we have discharged our promise," &c. But, on the +other hand, in p. 8. the allusion to the "Orphics," which is struck +out in the Latin, is retained in the English; and in the latter +there is no notice taken of "Empedocles," which is inserted in the +margin of the Latin. In p. 11. "Ratio naturalis" is personified, and +governs the verb _vidit_, which is repeated several times. This +is changed by the corrector into vidimus; but in the English +passage, though varying much from the Latin, the personification is +retained. In p. 58., "Dion Cassius" is corrected to "Xiphilinus;" +but the mistake is preserved in the English version. + +JOHN JEBB. + + * * * * * + + +SHAKSPEARE'S EMPLOYMENT OF MONOSYLLABLES. + +I offer the following flim-flam to the examination of your readers, +all of whom are, I presume, more or less, readers of Shakspeare, and +far better qualified than I am to "anatomize" his writings, and "see +what bred about his heart." + +I start with the proposition that the language of passion is almost +invariably broken and abrupt, and the deduction that I wish to draw +from this proposition, and the passages that I am about to quote is, +that--_Shakspeare on more than one occasion advisedly used +monosyllables, and monosyllables only, when he wished to express +violent and overwhelming mental emotion_, ex. gratiâ:-- + + + _Lear._ "Thou know'st the first time that we smell the air, + We wawl, and cry:--I will preach to thee; mark me. + + [_Gloster._ "Alack! alack the day!] + + _Lear._ "When we are born, we cry, that we are come + To this great stage of fools,--This a good block?" + --_King Lear_, Act IV. Sc. 6. + +In this passage [I bracket Gloster] we find no fewer than +_forty-two monosyllables_ following each other consecutively. +Again, + + + "------but through his lips do throng + Weak words, so thick come, in his poor heart's aid, + That no man could _distinguish_ what he said." + _Rape of Lucreece_, Stanza 255. + +After I had kept this among other flim-flams for more than a year in +my note-book, I submitted it in a letter to the examination of a +friend; his answer was as follows:--"Your canon is ingenious, +especially in the line taken from the sonnet. I doubt it however, +much, and rather believe that sound is often sympathetically, and as +it were unconsciously, adapted to sense. Moreover, monosyllables are +redundant in our tongue, as you will see in the scene you quote. In +_King John_, Act III. Sc. 3., where the King is _pausing_ +in his wish to incense Hubert to Arthur's murder, he says:-- + + 'Good friend, though hast no cause to say so yet: + But thou shall have; and creep time ne'er so slow, + Yet it shall come, for me to do thee good. + I had a thing to say,--But let it go:'-- + +forty monosyllables." + + + "Credimus? an qui amant ipsi sibi somnia fingunt." + +The very passage he quoted seemed, to my eyes, rather a +_corroboration_ of the theory, than an _argument against +it_! I might, I think, have quoted the remainder of Lear's speech +ending with the words "Kill, kill, kill, kill, kill, kill," and, +with the exception of three words, consisting _entirely_ of +monosyllables, and one or two other passages. But I have written +enough to express my meaning. + +C. FORBES. + +Temple. + + * * * * * + + +NOTES UPON CUNNINGHAM'S HAND-BOOK FOR LONDON. + +_ Wild House, Drury Lane._--Mr. Cunningham says, "Why so +called, I am not aware." _Wild_ is a corruption of _Weld_. +It was the town mansion of the family of the _Welds_, of +Lutworth Castle. + +_Compton Street, Soho._--Built in the reign of Charles the +First by Sir Francis Compton. _New_ Compton Street, when first +formed, was denominated Stiddolph Street, after Sir Richard +Stiddolph, the owner of the land. It afterwards changed its name, +from a demise of the whole adjoining marsh land, made by Charles the +Second to Sir Francis Compton. All this, and the intermediate +streets, formed part of the site of the Hospital of St. Giles. + +_Tottenham Court Road._--The old manor-house, sometimes called +in ancient records "Totham Hall," was, in Henry the Third's reign, +the residence of William de Tottenhall. Part of the old buildings +were remaining in 1818. + +{229}_Short's Gardens, Drury Lane_.--Dudley Short, Esq., had a +mansion here, with fine garden attached, in the reign of Charles the +Second. + +_Parker Street, Drury Lane._--Phillip Parker, Esq., had a +mansion on this site in 1623. + +_Bainbridge and Buckridge Streets, St. Giles's_.--The two +streets, now no more, but once celebrated in the "annals of low +life," were built prior to 1672, and derived their names from their +owners, eminent parishioners in the reign of Charles the Second. + +_Dyot Street, St. Giles's._--This street was inhabited, as late +as 1803, by Philip Dyot, Esq., a descendant of the gentleman from +whom it takes its name. In 1710 there was a certain "Mendicant's +Convivial Club" held at the "Welch's Head" in this street. The +origin of this club dated as far back as 1660, when its meetings +were held at the Three Crowns in the Poultry. + +_Denmark Street, St. Giles's._--Originally built in 1689. +Zoffany, the celebrated painter, lived at No. 9. in this street. The +same house is also the scene of Bunbury's caricature, "The Sunday +Evening Concert:"-- + + "July 27. 1771.--Sir John Murray, late Secretary to the + Pretender, was on Thursday night carried off by a party + of strange men, from a house in _Denmark Street_, near + St. Giles's church, where he had lived some time." + --_MS. Diary quoted in Collet's Relics of Literature_, p. 306. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + * * * * * + + +QUERIES. + +FOLK LORE. + +_Metrical Charms_.--In the enumeration of the various branches +of that interesting subject, the "FOLK LORE OF ENGLAND," on which +communications were invited in the last number of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," there is an omission which I beg to point out, as it +refers to a subject which, I believe, deserves especial +investigation, and would amply repay any trouble or attention that +might be bestowed upon it. I allude to _Metrical Charms_, many +of which are still preserved, and, in spite of the corruptions they +have undergone in the course of centuries, would furnish curious and +valuable illustrations of the Mythological System on which they are +founded. + + "Spirits of the flood and spirits of the hills found a + place in the mythology of Saxon England," + +says an able reviewer of Mr. Kemble's _Saxons in England_, in +_The Anthenæum_ (13th Jan. 1849); and he continues, + + + "The spells by which they were invoked, and the forms + by which their aid was compelled, linger, however, still + amongst us, although their names and powers have passed + into oblivion. In one of the Saxon spells which + Mr. Kemble has inserted in the Appendix, we at once + recognised a rhyme which we had heard an old woman + in our childhood use,--and in which many Saxon words + unintelligible to her were probably retained." + +Who would not gladly recover this "old rhyme?"--I can say for +myself, that if these lines should ever meet the eye of the writer +of the passage I have quoted, I trust he will be induced to +communicate, in however fragmentary a shape, this curious addition +to our present scanty stories of mythological information. + +While on the subject of _Charms and Spells_, I would ask those +who are more familiar than myself with the Manuscript treasures of +the British Museum, and of our University Libraries, whether they +have ever met with (except in MSS. of Chaucer) the remarkable "Night +Spell" which the Father of English Poetry has preserved in the +following passage of his _Miller's Tale_. I quote from Mr. +Wright's edition, printed for the Percy Society:-- + + "'What Nicholas, what how man, loke adoun: + Awake and think on Cristes passioun + I crowche the from Elves and from Wightes.' + There with the night-spel seyde he anon rightes + On the foure halves of the hous aboute + And on the threissh-fold of the dore withoute. + + "'Lord Jhesu Crist and seynte Benedight, + Blesse this hous from every wikkede wight + Fro nightes verray, the white Paternoster + When wonestow now, seynte Petres soster.'" + +This charm has long occupied my attention, and as I hope shortly to +submit to the Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries an attempt to +illustrate some parts of it which are at present certainly involved +in very great obscurity, I shall be glad to be informed whether any +other early version of it is to be found in MS., and if so, where; +and also whether any other version, corrupted or not, is still +preserved, if not in use, at least in memory. I should also be +especially glad of references of any other allusion to the "white +Paternoster" or "seynte Petres soster," or for any information as to +sources for ascertaining the history, whether authentic or +legendary, of the personage supposed to be alluded to in the closing +words of this remarkable spell. + +WILLIAM J. THOMS. + + * * * * * + + +ALLUSIONS IN THE HOMILIES. + +_"A Good Wife," &c._, and _"God speed the Plough!"_--I +should hold myself deeply indebted to any of your correspondents who +would inform me where the two following quotations are to be found. + +I have been anxiously looking for them for some years. I have taken +some pains myself--{230} "I have poached in Suidas for unlicensed +Greek"--have applied to my various antiquarian friends (many of +whose names I was delighted to recognise among the brilliant galaxy +that enlightened your first number)--but hitherto all in vain; and I +am reduced to acknowledge the truth of the old proberb, "A ---- may +ask more questions in an hour than a wise man can answer in seven +years:"-- + + I. "For thus will most truly be verified the _saying of the + poet_, 'A good wife, by obeying her husband, shall bear the + rule, so that he shall have a delight and a gladness the sooner at + all times to return home to her.' But, on the contrary part, 'when + the wives be stubborn, froward, and malapert, their husbands are + compelled thereby to abhor and flee from their own houses, even as + they should have battle with their enemies.'"--_Homily on + Matrimony_, p. 450. ed. Oxford, 1840. + +Query--_Who_ is the _poet?_ + + II. "Let no good and discreet subjects, therefore, follow the flag + or banner displayed to rebellions, and borne by rebels, though it + have the image of the plough painted therein, with _God speed the + plough_ written under in great letters, knowing that none hinder + the plough more than rebels, who will neither go to the plough + themselves, nor suffer other that would go unto it."--_Fourth + Part of the Homily against Wilful Rebellion_, p. 518. + +In _what_ rebellion was such a banner carried? + +These questions may appear very trifling; but each man has his +hobby, and mine is, not to suffer a quotation to pass without +verification. + +It is fortunate that I am not a despotic monarch, as I would +certainly make it felony without benefit of clergy to quote a +passage without giving a plain reference. + +L.S. + + * * * * * + + +MINOR QUERIES + +_Pope's Translations of Horace._--In a pamphlet against Pope, +entitled, _A True Character of Mr. Pope and his Writings_, by +the author of _The Critical History of England_, written in +May, 1716, and printed in that year, Pope is reproached with having +just published a "libellous," "impudent," and "execrable" +_Imitation of Horace_. Twenty years later such a reproach would +be very intelligible; but can any one favour me with a reference to +any _Imitation of Horace_, published by Pope prior to 1716, of +which any such complaint could be made? + +C. + + +_Etymology of "Havior."_--Can any of your readers inform me +what is the etymology of the word _Havior_, by which all +park-keepers denote an emasculated male deer, affording good venison +between the buck and doe season? + +Never having seen the word written or printed, I am guided, in +attempting to spell it, by the usual pronunciation. + +BRAYBROOKE + +Audley End, Feb. 2. + + + +_Arabic Numerals_.--In the _Archæological Journal_ (vol. +vi. p. 291.), it is stated that the earliest "example of the use of +Arabic numerals in any work connected with building" is the date +1445, on the tower of Heathfield Church, Sussex, though "they were +common in MSS. after 1320, and in astronomical Tracts as early as +1290." As it is probable that not a few instances of the employment +of the Arabic numeral characters of an earlier date than that at +Heathfield are to be met with in different parts of the country, +will you permit me to make use of your paper to inquire whether any +such are known to any of your readers, and if they will be so +obliging as to communicate their knowledge through the medium of +your columns? As the subject is one of considerable interest, it +would be desirable that _any_ date belonging to the fifteenth +or the early part of the sixteenth century should be made known, and +registered in your valuable publication. + +Permit me also to ask, in connection with this subject, for +references to any works or treatises supplying information on the +history of the Arabic numerals, their origin, and their introduction +into Europe. I am already acquainted with Astle, _On Writing_, +Wallis's _Algebra, Nouveau Traité de Diplomatique_, the +_Huctiana_, Pegge's _Life of Grostête_, and the +_Philosophical Transactions_; but I wish for additional, and, +if possible, more recent information. + +Does any one of your readers know what became of the MSS. formerly +in the possession of the above-named Thomas Astle, formerly Keeper +of the Tower Records? In Sir W. Burrell's Sussex collections in the +British Museum are copies of charters, "ex MSS. penes T. Aste," with +notices of curious seals appended, which I should be glad to be able +to inspect. + +E.V. + + +_Stephen Eiton, or Eden's "Acta Regis Edw. II._"--The +interesting account of St. Thomas of Lancaster, with the appended +queries (No. 12. p. 181.), reminds me of the work of Stephen Eiton +or Eden, a canon-regular of Warter, in Yorkshire, entitled, "Acta +Regis Edwardi iidi," which is said still to remain in manuscript. +Where is it deposited? + +T.J. + + +_Dog Latin._--Permit me also to ask, what is the origin of the +expression "Dog Latin"? + +T.J. + + +_The Cuckoo--the Welch Ambassador._--In Middleton's _A Trick +to Catch the Old One_, Act iv. sc. 5., Dampet says:-- + + "Why, thou rogue of universality, do I not know thee? Thy + sound is like the cuckoo, the Welch Embassador." + +And the editor of the continuation of Dodsley's +_Collection_ remarks on the passage,-- + + "Why the cuckoo is called the Welch Embassador, I know not." + +{231}Perhaps some of your readers can explain why the cuckoo is so +called. + +G. + + +_A recent Novel_.--Having lately met with an extremely rare +little volume, the title of which runs thus: "La prise d'un Seigneur +Ecossois et de ses gens qui pilloient les navires pescheurs de +France, ensemble le razement de leur fort et le rétablissement d'un +autre pour le service du Roi ... en la Nouvelle France ... par le +sieur Malepart. Rouen, le Boullenger, 1630. 12o. 24pp." I was +reminded of a modern novel, the principal scenes of which are laid +in an island inhabited by a British nobleman of high rank, who, +having committed a political crime, had been reported dead, but was +saved by singular circumstances, and led the life of a buccaneer. +Can any of your numerous readers be good enough to mention the title +of the novel alluded to, which has escaped my memory? + +ADOLPHUS. + + +_Authorship of a Couplet_.--Can you help me to the authorship +of the following lines?-- + + "Th' unhappy have whole days, and those they choose; + The happy have but hours, and those they lose." + +P.S. + + +_Seal of Killigrew, and Genealogy of the Killigrew +Family_.--"BURIENSIS" (No. 13. p. 204.) is informed that the arms +on the seal at Sudbury are certainly those of a member of the old +Cornish house of Killigrew. These arms, impaled by those of Lower, +occur on a monument at Llandulph, near Saltash, to the memory of Sir +Nicholas Lower, and Elizabeth his wife, who died in 1638. She was a +daughter of Sir Henry Killegrewe, of London, and a near relative, I +believe, of the Master of the Revels. + +While on this subject, I beg to put a query to your genealogical +readers. The double-headed eagle, the bordure bizantée, and the +demilion charged with bezants, are all evident derivations from the +armorial bearings of Richard, titular king of the Romans, Earl of +Cornwall, &c., second son of King John. The family of Killegrewe is +of venerable antiquity in Cornwall. What I wish to ascertain is, the +nature of the connection between the family and that unfortunate +"king." Was it one of consanguinity, or merely one of feudal +dependence? + +MARK ANTONY LOWER. + +*** See, on the origin of the arms of Richard and their derivatives, +my _Curiosities of Heraldry_, pp. 309. et seq. + + * * * * * + + +REPLIES. + +SELAGO AND SAMOLUS. + +In common with the mistletoe and vervain the Druids held the Selago +and Samolus as sacred plants, and never approached them but in the +most devout and reverential manner. When they were gathered for +religious purposes the greatest care was taken lest they should fall +to the earth, for it was an established principle of Druidism, that +every thing that was sacred would be profaned if allowed to touch +the ground; hence their solicitude to catch the anguinum: + + + "------------------When they bear + Their wond'rous egg aloof in air: + Thence before to earth it fall, + The Druid in his hallow'd pall + Receives the prize." + +Pliny, in his _Natural History_ (lib. xxiv. cap. 11.) +gives a circumstantial account of the ceremonies +used by the Druids in gathering the Selago and +Samolus, and of the uses to which they were applied:-- + + + "Similis berbæ huie sabinæ est Selago appellata. Legitur + sine ferro dextra manu per tunicam, qua sinistra + exuitur velut a furante, candida veste vestito, pureque + lotis nudis pedibus, saero facto priusquam legatur, + pane vinoque. Fertur in mappa nova. Hanc contra omnem + perniciem habendam prodidere Druidæ Gallorum, et contra + omnia oculorum vitia fumum ejus prodesse. + + + "Iidem Samolum herbam nominavere nascentem in humidis: + et hanc sinistra manu legi a jejunis contra morbos suum + boumque, nec respicere legentem: nec alibi quam in + canali, deponere, ibique conterere poturis." + +From the very slight manner in which these plants are described by +Pliny, it is next to impossible to identify them with any degree of +certainty, though many attempts for the purpose have been made. So +far as I know, Pliny is the only ancient author who mentions them, +and we have therefore nothing to guide us beyond what he has said in +this passage. + +The word Selago is supposed to be derived from _se_ and +_lego_, i.e. _quid certo ritu seligeretur_. Linnæus +appropriated the name to a pretty genus of Cape plants, but which +can have nothing whatever to do with the Selago of the Druids. It +has been thought to be the same as the Serratula Chamæpeuce of +Linnæus, but without sufficient reason, for Pliny says it resembles +the savine; and Matthiolus, in his _Commentary on Dioscorides_, +when speaking of the savine (Juniperus Sabina), says:-- + + "Siquidem vidi pro Sabina assumi quandam herbam + dodrantalem quæ quibusdam in montibus plurima nascitur, + folio tamaricis, licet nec odore nec sapore Sabinam + Hanc sæpius existimavi esse Selaginem referat. a Plinio + lib. xxiv. c. 11. commemoratam." + +Samolus, or as some copies read Samosum, is said to be derived +from two Celtic words, _san_, salutary, and _mos_, pig; +denoting a property in the plant which answers to the description of +Pliny, who says the Gauls considered the Samolus as a specific in +all maladies of swine and cattle. {232}But there is not less +difficulty in identifying this plant than in the former case. Some +have thought it the same as the little marsh plant, with small white +flowers, which Linnæus calls Samolus Valerandi, while others +consider it to be the Anemone Pulsatilla. I am ignorant of the +salutary properties of these plants, and must leave it to be decided +which of them has the greatest claims to be considered the Samolus +of Pliny. + +G.M. + + +Is there any English translation of Ælian's _Various History_, +or of the work ascribed to the same author on the _Peculiarities +of Animals_? + +East Winch. Jan. 1850. + + +_Selago and Samolus_.--The Selago (mentioned by "PWCCA," No. +10. p. 157.), in Welsh _Gras Duw_ (Gratia Dei), was held by the +Druids as a charm against all misfortunes; they called it _Dawn y +Dovydd_, the gift of the Lord. They also ascribed great virtues +to the Samolus, which was called _Gwlydd_, mild or tender. All +that can be known respecting the Selago and Samolus, may be seen in +Borlase's _Antiquities of Cornwall_. + +GOMER. + + * * * * * + + +ÆLFRIC'S COLLOQUY. + +In the Anglo-Saxon _Gloss_, to Ælfric's Latin dialogue, +_higdifatu_ is not, I conceive, an error of the scribe, but a +variation of dialect, and therefore, standing in no need of +correction into _hydigfatu_ ("NOTES and QUERIES," No. 13.). +_Hig, hi_ and _hy_, are perfectly identical, and nothing +is more usual in A.S. than the omission of the final _g_ after +_i_; consequently, _hig=hy, di=dig_, therefore _higdi=hydig_. +Mr. Singer's reading of _cassidilia_ for _culidilia_, I consider +to be well-founded. + +His conjecture, that _sprote_=Goth. _sprauto_, has +something very specious about it, and yet I must reject it. That +useful and sagacious author, Dr. Kitchener, tells us, that there is +only one thing to be done in a hurry (or _sprauto_); and even +if he had not informed us what that one thing is, very few indeed +would ever have imagined that it was _fish_-catching. The word +_sprote_ was a puzzle to me, and I had often questioned myself +as to its meaning, but never could get a satisfactory answer; nor +was it until some time after the publication of the 2nd edition of +my _Analecta_ that it occurred to me that it might signify a +wicker or _sallow_ basket (such as is still in use for the +capture of eels), from Lat. _sporta_, whence the German +_sportel_. My conjecture, of _salice_ for the _salu_ +of the text, was based on the possibility that the apparatus might +somehow or other be made of the _salix_. + +I beg leave to inform "SELEUCUS," that _The Phoenix_, with an +English version, and with the Latin original, is to be found in the +_Codex Exoniensis_, edited by me, in 1842, for the Society of +Antiquaries. The Latin ascribed to Lactantius, is printed in the +Variourum edition of Claudian, and, I believe, in the editions of +Lactantius. + +Jan. 30, 1850. + +B. THORPE. + + * * * * * + + +PORTRAITS OF LUTHER AND ERASMUS. + +Your correspondent, "R.G." (No. 13. p. 203.), is correct in +supposing the _wood-cut_ portrait of Luther to be that which is +prefixed to the treatise "De Captivitate Babylonica Ecclesiæ," where +he is habited as a monk; but it was evidently only a copy from the +very interesting copper-plate engraving of his friend Lucas Cranach, +bearing the date 1520, of which a very accurate copy was prefixed to +the translation of "Luther's Way to Prayer," published by Mr. +Pickering in 1846. Juncker's book is a very good repertory of the +various representations of the great reformer, but the prints are +generally but faithless copies. In 1750 Kirchmayer printed an +especial disquisition upon the portrait by Lucas Cranach of 1523, +under the following title:--"Disquisitio Historia de Martini Lutheri +Oris et Vultus Habitu Hervieo ad vivum expresso in Imagine divine +pencilli Lucæ Cranachj patris in ære hic incisa," &c., Wittebergæ +Sax. 1750, 4to. The works in which the Germans have sought to do +honour to their great protestant saint, are numerous enough to fill +a small library but two of them are so remarkable as to deserve +notice, 1. "Luther's Merkwürdige Lebensumstande bey seiner +Medicinalischen Leibesconstitution, Krankheiten, geistlichen und +leiblichen Anfectungen und andern Zufallen, &c., von F.G. Keil," +Leipsig, 1764. 2. "Luther's Merkwürdige Reisegeschichte zu Erganzung +seiner Lebensumstande, von Jo. Th. Lingke," Leipsig, 1769, 4to. The +earliest wood-cut representation of Erasmus with which I am +acquainted is a medallion accompanying another of Ulric of Hutten, +on the title-page of the following work of the unfortunate but +heroic champion of the Reformation:--"Ulrichi ab Hutten cum Erasmo +Rotirodamo, Presbytero, Theologo, Expostulatio." There is reason to +believe that this Expostulation was printed only a short month +before Hutten died; and, though it bears neither date nor name of +printer, that it was printed by Johannes Schott, at Strasburg, in +the month of July, 1523. It has another portrait of Hutten at the +end, the whole strikingly spirited and characteristic; by some they +have been attributed to Holbein, and if not by him, which is +doubtful, they are at least worthy of him. + +One would gladly forget this strife between the great promoter of +learning and the soldier-scholar. Erasmus's conduct was unworthy of +a great man, and can never be vindicated. + +S.W.S. + + * * * * * + +{233} REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. + +_Praise undeserved_.--The correct quotation, referred to in No. +14. p. 222., is + + "Praise undeserved is _Satire_ in disguise." + +It is by Mr. Br----st, author of a copy of verses called the +_British Beauties_. I cannot fill up the "hiatus," which in +this case is not "maxime deflendus," because I have now no time to +search the Museum Catalogue. I apprehend that the author belonged to +the "mob of gentlemen who wrote with ease," as it is something like +Savage's "tenth transmitter" (which, by the bye, your correspondent, +Mr. Gutch, should have said is _said_ to be Pope's)--his +_only good_ line. Here is my authority: + + +EPIGRAM + +_On a certain line of Mr. Br----, author of a copy of verses +called the "British Beauties."--From the_ "GARLAND," _a +collection of Poems_, 1721. + + "When one good line did much my wonder raise + In Br----st's works, I stood resolved to praise; + And had, but that the modest _author_ cries, + _Praise undeserv'd is satire in disguise_." + +I would add, that I believe this Epigram to be Dr. Kenrick's, +Goldsmith's old persecutor in later years. + +JAMES H. FRISWELL + + +_French Maxim_.--I beg to inform your correspondent "R.V." in +reply to his query (No. 14. p. 215.), that the maxim quoted is the +218th of Rochefoucauld: "L'hypocrisie est un hommage que le vice +rend à la vertu." + +J.H.F. + + +_Singular Motto_.--The "singular motto" which occasions +"P.H.F.'s" wonder (No. 14. p. 214.), is, without doubt, a cypher, +and only to be rendered by those who have a Key. Such are not +unfrequent in German, Austrian, or Bohemian Heraldry. + +J.H.F. + + +_Discurs. Modest._--At p. 205. No. 13., your correspondent N. +replies to A.T.'s query, that "there can be no reasonable doubt, +that the _original_ authority for _Rem transubstantiationis +patres ne altigisse quidem_, is William Watson in his _Quodlibet_, +ii. 4. p. 31." + +By a note of mine, I find that this secular priest, W. Watson, lays +the expression in question to the charge of the Jesuits as "an +heretical and most dangerous assertion of theirs." Admitting, +therefore, the _Discurs. Modest_. to have been published after +Watson's _Decacordon_, i.e. later than 1602 (which can hardly +be doubted), still the further question remains to be asked: "In +what writings of the Jesuits, prior to 1602, had W. Watson himself +found these words, with which he charges them?" Should you think +this further query of importance enough to find a place in your +paper, perhaps some one of your readers might throw yet another ray +of light upon this subject. + +J.S. + +Oxford + + +_Pallace_ (No. 13. p. 202).--Mr. Halliwell, in his +_Dictionary of Archaic, &c. Words_, explains this word as used +in Devonshire:-- + + "_Palace_, a Storehouse."--_Devon_. "At Dartmouth, + I am told there are some of these storehouses, called + palaces, cut out of the rock, still retaining the name." + --_MS Devon. Gloss_. + +C.W.G. + + +_Meaning of "Pallace_".--The term "Pallace" (No. 13. p. 202.) +is applied in Totnes to denote a landing-place inclosed by walls, +but not roofed in. Many of these "pallaces" have been converted into +coal-cellars. Perhaps _pales_ may have been used originally to +form these inclosures in lieu of walls;--and hence the word +"pallace" would mean a place paled in. I find repeated mention made +of "pallaces" in a schedule attached to a deed of the Corporation of +Totnes, bearing date September 18th, 1719, a copy of which is now +before me, and from it the following extracts are taken:-- + + "One linney and two _pallaces_ or yards." + + "All those houses, rooms, cellars, and _pallaces_." + + "All that great cellar lately rebuilt, and _the plott of ground + or pallace_ thereto belonging lately converted into a cellar." + + "All that little cellar and _pallace_ lately rebuilt, and + the kay or landing place thereto belonging, and near adjoyning + unto and upon the river Dart." + + "And the little _pallace_ or _landing-place_." + +_Apropos_ of _landing-places_, it may interest some of +your readers to learn that the _very stone_ upon which Brutus, +the nephew of Æneas, landed at Totnes, still remains! It is inserted +in the foot-way nearly opposite the Mayoralty-house in the Fore +Street. From Totnes, the neighbouring shore was heretofore called +_Totonese_: and the _British History_ tells us, that _Brutus_, +the founder of the British nation, arrived here; and _Havillanus_ +[John de _Alvilla_ or _Hauteville_, according to Mr. Wright] as +a poet, following the same authority, writes thus:-- + + "Inde dato cursu, _Brutus_ comitatus Achate + Gallorum spoliis cumulatis navibus aequor + Exarat, et superis auraque faventibus usus, + _Littora felices intrat Totonesia portus_." + + "From hence great Brute with his Achates steer'd, + Full fraught with Gallic spoils their ships appear'd; + The Winds and Gods were all at their command, + _And happy Totnes shew'd them grateful land_." + +_Gibson's Camden_. + + +Totnes is made mention of the _Lais de Marie_:-- + + "Il tient sun chemin tut avant. + A la mer vient, si est passer, + En _Toteneis_ est arriver."--_Lai d'Elidne_. + +J. MILNER BARRY, M.D. + +Totnes, Devon, Jan. 30. 1850. + + +{234} +_Litany Version of the Psalms_.--The doubts produced by Beloe's +self-contradicting statements on the subject of the Bishops' Bible, +which are referred to by "X.X." (No. 13. p. 203.), may thus be +settled. The first edition of this Bible, printed in 1568, contains +a new translation of the Psalms by Becon. In the second folio +edition, 1572, are inserted, in opposite columns, "the translation +according to the Ebrewe," which differs but little from the former, +in Roman letter, and "the translation used in common prayer," or +that of the Great Bible, printed by Whitchurch, 1553, in black +letter. + +The clarum et venerabile nomen associated with the Bishops' Bible, a +very magnificent and perfect copy of which is now open before me, +suggests the inquiry whether there is any copy known of Archbishop +Parker's rare volume on the English Church, 1572, which is not +noticed by Martin in the list of eighteen which he had discovered. +He does not mention that in the Chetham library. + +T. JONES. + + +_Tempora mutantur &c_.--In reply to your correspondent, "E.V." +(No. 14. p. 215.), I beg to state, that the _germ_ of "Tempora +mutantur, et nos mutamur in illis," is to be found in the _Delitiæ +Poetarium Germanorum_, vol. i. p. 685., under the Poems of +Matthias Borbonius. He considers them as a saying of Lotharius I. +(flor. Cir. 830.):-- + + "Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis; + Illa vices quasdam res habet, illa suas." + +I sent this communication, some years ago, to _Sharpe's +Magazine_, where it will be found, vol. v. p. 208. + +L.S. + + +_Pandoxare_.--Your correspondent, "H.B." (No. 13. p. 202.), has +lighted upon a curious specimen of domestic hieroglyphics, the +notice of which recalls to mind the quaint marginal symbols +scattered over the inventories of the Exchequer Treasury, at a much +earlier period. They are not devoid of information or interest. The +word of which he requests explanation, is, indeed, of too base +Latinity to be found in the _Facciolati_, or even in the +_Auctarium_; but in our old Latin dictionaries, sources of +abundant information on obsolete expressions, the word is readily to +be found. Old Gouldman, for instance, whose columns are replete with +uncommon and local English terms, gives "_Pandoxor_, to brew," +citing Alciatus as authority, and "_Pandox_, a swill-bowl," +apparently a word used by Statius. It is obviously a barbarous +derivative of the same Greek words as _Pandocium_ or _Pandoxarium_ +([Greek: pan] and [Greek: docheion]), the hostelry open to +all comers. If, however, a more recondite authority for the +explanation of the word, as formerly used in England, be +desired, I would refer your querist to the pages of the +_Promptorium Parvulorum_, where may be found--"Bruwyn ale or +other drynke, _Pandoxor_. Browstar, or brewere, _Pandoxator, +Pandoxatrix_", the medieval Bass or Guinness having been, most +frequently, a female. And, having cited the primitive lexicographer +of Norfolk, I would seize the occasion to offer a note, in response +to the numerous queries regarding the too tardy advance of the work +in question, and to assure your readers, who may be interested in +the publications of the Camden Society, that a further instalment of +the _Promptorium_ is in forwardness, so that I hope to complete +a considerable portion, in readiness for issue, early in the current +year. + +ALBERT WAY. + + +_Saint Thomas of Lancaster_.--Not having Brady at hand, I +cannot tell what authorities he cites; but, as Mr. Milnes (No. 12. +p. 181.) does not mention Rymer, he perhaps may not know that he +will find in that collection some documentary evidence on the +subject of this saint, if saint he was; for instance-- + + "_Super rumore Thomam nuper Comitem Lancastriæ miraculis + corruscuri_."--Rym. Foed. iii. p. 1033. A.D. 1323. + "Quod," adds the king, "moleste gerimus." + +But Edward III. was of quite another mind, and urged his +canonization of the Holy See. Witness Rymer:-- + + "_Ad Papam; pro canonisatione Thomae nuper Comitis + Lancastriæ_."--Foed. iv. p. 2. A.D. 1326. + +And again-- + + "_Pro custodi_" (Weryngton mentioned by Mr. Milnes), + "_Capellæ ad montem ubi nuper comes Lancastriæ decollatus + fuit_."--Ib. p. 291. + +It seems that the bodies of some of Thomas's accomplices were also +supposed to have worked miracles; for we find an ordinance-- + + "_Contra Fingentes miracula fieri per inimicos Regis_." + --Rym. Foed. iv. p. 20. A.D. 1323. + +Andrews says (_Hist_. i. 342.) that Richard II. renewed the +application for Thomas's canonization; but he does not give his +authority, and I have not time to look further through Rymer. + +p. 184. _Jhon-John_.--I wonder Mr. Williams does not see that the +_h_ is not "_introduced_" for any purpose; it is an integral +part of the original name _Johannes_, which was contracted +into _Johan_, and in French into _Jehan_. + +p. 185. _Slang Phrases_.--"_A Rowland for an Oliver_" is +no slang phrase of the eighteenth century; it is a proverbial +expression as old as the days of the romances of _Roland_ and +_Olivier_. The other two were phrases put into the mouths of +two characters (Dr. Ollapod, in Colman's _Poor Gentleman_, and +Young Rapid, in Morton's _Cure for the Heart-ache_), which grew +into vogue only from the success of the actors Fawcett and Lewis, +and had no meaning or allusion beyond what the words obviously +meant. + +C. + + +{235}_Full of Rain in England._--"ROYDON" (No. 11. p. 73) will +find the average quantity of rain fallen at Greenwich, for +twenty-five years, 1815 to 1839, in a very useful and clever +pamphlet, price 1s., by J.H. Belville, of the Royal Observatory, +published by Taylor, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, called _Manual +of the Mercurial and Aneroid Barometers._ + +HENRY WILKINSON + + +_Judas Bell_--(No. 13, p. 195). In the "Flyting of Dunbar and +Kennedie," a singular Scotch Poem, composed in the former half of +the 16th century, and printed in Ramsay's _Evergreen_, the +following passage occurs (_Everg._ vol. ii. p. 74.):-- + + "A Benefice quha wald give sic a Beist, + But gif it were to jingle _Judas bells_? + Tak thee a Fiddle or a Flute to jest, + Undocht thou art, ordained for naithing ells." + +The Judas bells may probably have been used in the Easter-eve +ceremonies, in connexion with which we find _Judas candles_ +mentioned. See Brand's _Popular Antiq._ by Sir H. Ellis, vol. +i. p. 29. + +C.W.G. + + +_Boduc or Boduoc on British Coins_.--The real name of the +heroic queen of the Iceni is very uncertain. Walther (Tacitus, xiv. +Ann. c. 31.), adopts Boudicea. It is probable enough that the +syllables Boduo may have formed a part of it, as pronounced by the +Britons. We are reminded of Boduognatus, leader of the Nervii, +mentioned by Cæsar. But to come nearer home, the name Boduogenus is +found upon a bronze vessel discovered in the Isle of Ely, described +by Mr. Goddard Johnson, _Archæologia_, xxviii. p. 436. + +C.W.G. + + +_Lord Bacon's Metrical Version of the Psalms._--Lord Bacon's +translation of seven psalms, the 1st, 12th, 90th, 104th, 126th, +127th, and 149th, with a Dedication to George Herbert, is found at +the end of the 2nd vol. of his works. (Lond. 1826.) They were +printed at London, 1625, in quarto. + +C.W.G. + + [To this we may add, on the information of X.X., that some account + of these Psalms, with specimens, may be seen in Holland's + _Psalmists of Britain_, 1824.] + + +_A "Gib" Cat._--What is the etymology of the term "Gibbe," as +applied to the male cat? I may observe that the _g_ is pronounced +_hard_ in this locality, and not _jibbe_, as most dictionaries +have it. + +Burnley, Lancashire. + +T.T.W. + + [NARES has shown, very satisfactorily, that _Gib_, the + contraction of _Gilbert_, was the name formerly applied to a + cat, as _Tom_ is now. He states that _Tibert_ (the name + given to the Cat in the old Reynard the Fox) was the old French for + _Gilbert_; and at all events, be that as it may, Chaucer, in + his _Romance of the Rose_, verse 6204., translates "Thibert le + Cas" by "Gibbe our Cat."] + + +_Lay of the Phoenix._--"SELEUCUS" is informed that the +Anglo-Saxon Lay of the Phoenix is contained in the _Codex +Exoniensis_, edited by Mr. B. Thorpe. The Latin poem, in +hexameters and pentameters, attributed to Lactantius, is given at +the foot of the page. It will be found at the end of the works of +Lactantius, in the small edition by Fritzsche (Lipsiæ, 1842). +Fritzsche mentions two separate editions of the poem; 1. by Martini, +Lunæburgi, 1825; 2. by Leyser, Quedlinburgi, 1839. + +C.W.G. + + +_Lay of the Phoenix._--"SELEUCUS" (No. 13, p. 203.) asks, "Is +there any published edition of the hexameter poem by Lactantius, +which is said to have suggested the idea of the Anglo-Saxon _Lay +of the Phoenix_?" This poem is not in hexameter, but in elegiac +verse; and though, on account of its brevity, we could not expect +that it would have been separately published, it is to be found very +commonly at the end of the works of Lactantius; for example, in +three editions before me, Basil. 1524, Lugd. 1548, Basil. 1563. That +this poem, however, belongs to the Christian Cicero, at any period +of his life, is more than doubtful, even by the admission of +Romanists, who readily avail themselves of other compositions of +similar authority. It has been sometimes ascribed to Venantius +Fortunatus, and is by Sirmondus attributed to Theodulphus, Bishop of +Orleans. (_Opp._, ii. 840. cf. iv. 519. Venet. 1728.) + +R.G. + + +_Ordination Pledges._--Your correspondent, "CLERICUS" (no. 10. +p. 156.), will find by far the most elaborate and judicious +examination of the import, design, and obligation of the various +oaths and subscriptions required of the clergy, in the successive +numbers of _The Christian Observer_ for 1849. + +E.V. + + +_Feast of St, Michael and All-Angels._--The difficulty started +by "K.M.P." (No. 13, p. 203.), with regard to the double second +lessons for the Feast of St. Michael and All-Angels, is easily +resolved by comparing the Table of Proper Lessons before and after +the last review of the _Prayer Book_ in 1662; from which it +will be seen, that the proper _second_ lessons were then +appointed for the first time, while the old second lessons for Sept. +29. were retained, either from inadvertence, or to avoid the +necessity of disarranging all the subsequent part of the calendar. +The present first lessons, Gen. xxxii., and Dan. x. v. 5., at the +same time took the place of the inappropriate chapters, Eccles. +xxxix. and xliv., which had been appointed for this day in Queen +Elizabeth's Prayer Book, 1559. + +E. V. + + +_Beaver Hat._--Mr. T. Hudson Turner (No. 7. p. 100.) asks, +"What is the earliest known instance of the use of a _beaver +hat_ in England?" + +(236}Fairholt (_Costume in England_) says, the earliest notice +of it is in the reign of Elizabeth, and gives the following +quotation from Stubbe's _Anatomy of Abuses,_ 1580:-- + + "And as the fashions be rare and strange, so is the stuff + whereof their hats be made divers also; for some are + of silk, some of velvet, some of taffetie, some of sarcenet, + some of wool, and, which is more curious, some of a certain + kind of fine haire; these they call _bever hattes_, of + xx, xxx, or xl shillings price, fetched from beyond the seas, + from whence a great sort of other varieties doe come besides." + +GASTROS. + + +_Meaning of "Pisan."_--Mr. Turner (No. 7. p.100.) asks the +meaning of the term _pisan_, used in old records for some part +of defensive armour. + +Meyrick (_Ancient Armour_, vol. i. p. 155, 2d ed.) gives a +curious and interesting inventory of the arms and armour of Louis le +Hutin, King of France, taken in the year 1316, in which we find, +"Item 3 coloretes _Pizanes_ de jazeran d'acier." He describes +_pizane_ (otherwise written _pizaine, pusen, pesen_) as a +collar made, or much in fashion, at Pisa. The jazeran armour was +formed of overlapping plates. In the metrical romance of _Kyng +Alisaunder_, edited by Webber, occur the lines-- + + "And Indiens, and Emaniens, + With swordes, lances, and _pesens._" + +Weber explains the _pesens_ here as gorgets, armour for the +neck. + +In more recent MSS. _pisan_ may be a contraction for +_partisan_, a halberd. + +I cannot agree with your correspondent "A.F." (p.90), that the nine +of diamonds was called "the curse (cross) of Scotland" from its +resemblance to the cross of St. Andrew, which has the form of the +Roman X; whereas the pips on the nine of diamonds are arranged in +the form of the letter H. "Mend the instance." + +Erratum. P. 181 col. 2. line 3., for _obscurities_, read +_obscenities._ + +Cambridge, Jan. 31. 1850. + +GASTROS. + + +_Pokership--God tempers the Wind_.--I am disposed to think that +_Parkership_ will turn out to be the right explanation, because +almost every forest or chase contained a _fenced park_, in +which the deer were confined; and the charge of the woods and park +might be consigned to the same person; and the error in spelling the +word was probably copied from one genealogist to another. + +Nevertheless, Mr. Corney's conjecture may be right, as Forby +(_Vocabulary,_ vol. ii. p. 258.) mentions Poke-Day as the day +on which the allowance of corn is made to the labourers, _who, in +some places, receive a part of their wages in that form._ Now the +_Pokerer_ might be the officer who distributed the grain on +these occasions. + +I open my note to add, that Mr. Gutch (No. 14. p. 211.) will find, +in Sterne's _Sentimental Journey_,--"_God tempers the wind_," +said Maria, "to the shorn lamb." + +The words which I have underlined are printed in Italics in my +edition of the work (London, 12mo. 1790), which may indicate that +they are quoted from some other author. + +BRAYBROOKE. + +Audley End, Feb. 2. + + +_Walewich or Watewich._--I have made the reference suggested by +"W.B.M." + +Canute was residing at Walewich, and the Abbot of Ely was +consecrated there by the Archbishop of Canterbury. This "Walewich" +can be no obscure place, and we need not look for it in +Cambridgeshire. + +I am inclined to think that the word ought to have been written +Warewich, _i.e._ Warwick. + +Soham Mere (Mare de Soham) once covered 1369-1/2 acres.--Lyson's +_Cambridge_, 254. + +Portum Pusillum, if not Littleport, was a place upon the Cam or the +Ouse, within sight of Ely Minster. + +Does your correspondent suppose that Northmouth was among the fens? +If so, he may consult _Inquisitio Eliensis_, or Dugdale's Map +of the Bedford Level, which is in the Museum. + +J.F.M. + +Dec. 22. + + +_Madoc's Emigration to America._--"ANGLO-CAMBRIAN" (No. 4. p. +57.), in contradiction to the occurrence of Madoc's emigration, has +adduced what he supposes to be a gross anachronism in the words +"Madoc was directed by the _best compass_, and this in 1170!" +Now, unfortunately for this opinion, the passage on which it is +founded will not allow of his interpretation. The original words are +in Sir Thomas Herbert's _Travels_, and, in his expressive +language, they are as follows:--"By Providence, the best compass, +and benefit of the pole-star, he returned safely to his own +country." Most certainly this cannot imply that Madoc was acquainted +with the mariner's compass. + +"J.M.T." also seems to give great weight to the fact of a +"Welsh-Indian vocabulary" having been formed, containing no trace of +any Celtic root. This seems conclusive, yet it is not so; for I have +some words, extracted from a vocabulary of the Mandan (Indian) +language made by Mr. Catlin, during his sojourn among them, all of +which, with very slight allowance for corruption, are clearly Welsh. +Mr. Catlin believes the Mandans to have been descended from the +followers of Prince Madoc, from the strong evidence which he +considers his stay among them afforded him, and detailed in his work +on the Indians. I regret to add, that the Mandans have been +exterminated by the small-pox and the weapons of their enemies. I +have long taken a deep, because a national, interest in this +question, and have endeavoured to examine in the spirit of that +noble {237}precept, which ought to be bound up with the existence of +every _Cymro_, "The truth against the world." Consequently, I +have found that much of what is put forth as evidence on this +question is, as Mr. Corney has very justly intimated, quite +inadmissible; in short, unworthy of belief. Still, the inquiry has +afforded me sufficient reasons for viewing the question of Prince +Madoc's emigration as a fact, and for supporting it as such as far +as my humble testimony will allow. + +GOMER. + + +_Caerphili Castle_.--With reference to "PWCCA'S" query (No. 10. +p. 157.), it may be noted that _Full_ is the Welsh word for +"haste," and, if the _derivatur_, must allude to the original +structure having been hastily erected. + +GOMER. + + +_Origin of word Bug_.--I should feel obliged by your informing +me whether the word _Bug_ is not of _Celtic_ origin, signifying +a "_Ghost_ or _Goblin_?" Vide Shakespeare's _Taming of the Shrew_, +Act I. Scene II.:-- + + "Tush, tush, fright boys with _bugs_." + +And whether, in _Mathews'_ Bible, A.D. 1537, the 5th verse of +the 91st Psalm is not thus rendered:-- + + "Thou shalt not need to be afraid of any _bugs_ by night"? + +literally, in the Hebrew, "_Terror_ of the night." + +J.P. + + [_Bug_ in Welsh means a ghost or goblin. It is probably the + same with the Icelandic _Paki_, an evil spirit. But on this + etymology our correspondent can consult an article by Sir F. + Palgrave, on the "Popular Mythology of the Middle Ages." in the + _Quarterly Review_, vol. xxii.; a paper, by Mr. Thoms, on the + "Folk Lore of Shakspeare," No. 6.; "Puck's several Names," in _The + Athenæum_, Oct. 9. 1847; and lastly, Mr. Keightley's most + interesting work, _The Fairy Mythology_. vol. ii. p. 118., of + which we are happy to hear that a new and enlarged edition may + shortly be expected.] + + * * * * * + + +MISCELLANIES. + +_Excecution of Duke of Monmouth._--Among the memorials of the +"rash but unfortunate Duke of Monmouth," which have recently +attracted much attention, and for which the public are principally +indebted to certain inquiries originated in the "NOTES AND QUERIES," +I have not observed any notice taken of an anecdote respecting him, +which is current among our neighbours on the Continent; namely, that +he gave six guineas to the executioner, the JOHN KETCH of that day, +to perform his work well!-- + + "Le Duc de Monmout donna six guinées au Bourreau de Londres, + pour lui bien couper la tête; mais le misérable ne mérroit + par ces guinées, puisqu'il la lui coupa très mal." + + +This anecdote is introduced, in the form of a note, into the folio +Dictionary of Pierre Richelet, a most valuable work, and full of +history, ancient and modern. Can any of your correspondents produce +the authority for this anecdote? Richelet himself does not give any, +but merely relates the story, apparently with a view of illustrating +the term "guinea," as applied to the gold coin of Charles the +Second. Vid, voc. "_Guinée_." + +J.I. + + +_By Hook or by Crook_.--I send you a note, which I made some +years ago. + +This expression is much more ancient than the time of Charles I., to +which it is generally referred. It occurs in Skelton, _Colin +Clout_, line 31. _a fine_:-- + + "Nor wyll suffer this boke + _By hooke ne by crooke_ + Prynted for to be." + +In Spenser, f. 2. v. ii. 27.:-- + + "Thereafter all that mucky pelfe he tooke, + The spoile of peoples evil gotten good, + The which her sire had serap't by hooke and crooke, + And burning all to ashes pour'd it down the brooke." + +In Holland's _Suetonius_, p. 169:-- + + "Likewise to get, to pill and poll _by hooke and crooke_ + so much, as that----" + +In a letter of Sir Richard Morysin to the Privy +Council, in Lodges _Illustrations, &c_., i. 154:-- + + "Ferrante Gonzaga, d'Arras, and Don Diego, are in a leage, + utterlie bent to myslyke, and to charge _by hook or by + crooke_, anything don, or to be don, by the thre fyrst." + +L.S. + + +_Cupid Crying_.--The beautiful epigram upon this subject, which +appeared in No. 11 p. 172., was kindly quoted, "for its extreme +elegance," by the _Athenæum_ of the 26th January, which +produced the following communication to that journal of Saturday +last:-- + +"Will the correspondent of the 'NOTES AND QUERIES,' whose pretty +epigram appears copied into your _Athenæum_ of Saturday last, +accept the following as a stop-gap pending the discovery of the +Latin original? + + "En lacrymosus Amor! Fidem quia perdidit arcum + Vapulat! Exultans Cælia tela tenet. + Ast illam potuitne Puer donare sagittis? + Subrisit:--Matrem credidit esse suam. + +"[Greek: Amorphota]. 5." + + +_Miry-land Town._--As an addition to the note of "J.R.F." (p. +167. No. 11.) on Miry-land Town, and by way of corroboration of his +reading, I may just mention that the towns and villages in the Weald +of Kent are familiarly spoken of as places "down in the mud," by the +inhabitants of other parts of the country. Those who are acquainted +with the Weald will agree that this designation is not undeserved. + +HENRY KERSLEY. + + + * * * * {238} + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +The Surtees Society, for the publication of inedited MSS. +illustrative of the intellectual, moral, religious, and social +condition of those parts of the United Kingdom which constitute the +ancient kingdom of Northumberland, has been remodelled. The +subscription for the year is one guinea, and the works in immediate +preparation are, 1. "The Injunctions and other Ecclesiastical +Proceedings of Richard Barnes, Bishop of Durham (1577-87);" and, 2. +"The Anglo-Saxon Hymnarium." + +We have great pleasure in directing attention to the _Exhibition +of Works of Ancient and Mediæval Art_ which is to be opened in +the Adelphi next month. + +This is a great opportunity for forming an Exhibition of a novel and +most interesting kind, one which is calculated both to interest and +amuse the archæologist and the public, and to instruct the artizan +and the manufacturer. We sincerely hope possessors of articles +suitable for exhibition, will not fail to take advantage of it. They +should immediately enter into communication with the Honorary +Secretary to the Exhibition, at the rooms of the Society of Arts, or +they will be too late. + +The _Gentlemen's Magazine_ realizes all our anticipations. The +Reviews are of a very superior order. Justice is done _to_ as +well as _upon_ the authors who have come under notice, and the +original articles are of high value; those upon the _Dea +Sequana_ and the _History of Words_ are especially worthy of +notice. Mr. Waller's papers upon _Christian Iconography_ +promise to be of the highest value. A new career of usefulness and +honour has been opened up to Sylvanus Urban, who seems determined to +merit the addition lately made to his title, and to become what is +really a desideratum in English Literature--a good "_Historical +Review_." + +Messrs. Sotheby and Co. will sell, on Thursday and Friday next, a +very choice Selection of Magnificent Books and Pictorial Works from +the Library of an eminent Collector, including large paper copies of +the Antiquarian Works of Visconti, Montfaucon, &c.; the first four +editions of Shakspeare, and other works of similar high character. + +We have received the following Catalogues:-- + + "Catalogue of most splendid and truly valuable Ancient + Manuscripts upon Vellum and Paper, particularly rich in + History and Topography, Heraldry and County Visitations, + Pedigrees and Family History, Ancient Charters, Royal Grants + and other Documents of peculiar interest to the Antiquary + and Historian, on sale by Thomas Thorpe, 13. Henrietta Street, + Covent Garden; and + + "Bernard Quartch's Catalogue of Foreign and English Books, + selling for Cash at very reduced Prices, at 16. Castle Street, + Leicester Square; comprising Antiquities, History, Heraldry, + Numismatics, Classics, Ethnology, Languages, &c. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +(_In continuation of Lists in Former Nos_.) + +ALANI OPERA. Edit. C. DE NISCH. Antwerp, 1654. + +CLICHTORÆUS, ELUCIDATORIUM ECCLESIASTICUM. Paris, 1556. + +CORNER, PROMPTUARIUM DEVOTIONIS. Vienna, 1672. + + +_Odd Volumes_. + +AMES AND HERBERT'S TYPOGRAPHICAL ANTIQUITIES. By DIBDIN. +Vol. I. + + Letters stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, + to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. + Fleet Street. + + + * * * * * + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +R.J.S. _will find in_ No. 12. p. 188., _an answer to his +query in reply to a previous query in_ No. 8. p. 125. + +F.D. (BRADFORD) _is informed that the_ Towneley Mysteries +_have been printed by the Surtees Society, and the_ Coventry +_and_ Chester Mysteries _by the Shakspeare Society. We have +no doubt the_ Collection of Early Mysteries, _printed at Basle, +may be procured from any of the foreign booksellers_. + +W. _calls our attention to an error in p. 217_. The Field of +Forty Foot-steps_ is a distinct work by Miss Porter, published in +the same collection as_ "Coming Out"_, but not the second title +of that work._ + +J.K.R.W. _Many thanks, although there has not been an opportunity +of using the communications._ + +G.W. _will find the phrase "to dine with Duke Humphrey" very fully +illustrated in Nares_. + +_We are compelled, by want of space, to omit our usual +acknowledgment of_ COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED. + +_We are again compelled to omit many Notes, Queries, and Answers +to Queries which are in type, as well as Answers to Correspondents_. + + * * * * * + +Uniform with "HALLAM'S LITERATURE OF EUROPE." + +Now ready, in 3 vols. 8vo. 42s. + +A HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. With Criticism on particular Works, +and Biographical Notices of Prominent Writers. By GEORGE TICKNOR, +Esq. + +JOHN MURRAY, Albermarle Street. + + * * * * * + +NEW WORK BY LORD LINDSAY. + +This day is published. 3 vols. 8vo. 42s. + +LIVES OF THE LINDSAYS; or, a Memoir of the HOUSES OF CRAWFORD AND +BALCARRES. By LORD LINDSAY. + +Also, by the same Author. 3 vols. 8vo. 31s. 6d. + +SKETCHES of the HISTORY of CHRISTIAN ART. + +JOHN MURRAY, Ablemarle Street. + + * * * * * {239} + +On the 15th of February will be published, No. II., for 1850, of + +JOHN MILLER'S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW, + +On sale at 43, Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square, to be had gratis, +and sent (if required) postage free to any Book-buyer. The prices +are for ready money only. + +It will contain, amongst other subjects, a large collection of Books +on HERALDRY, GENEALOGY, and FAMILY HISTORY, a few Books on ANGLING, +some early ENGLISH DICTIONARIES, Books of POETRY, HISTORY, +TOPOGRAPHY, and ENGRAVINGS, with various works in other interesting +departments of Miscellaneous Literature. + + * * * * * + +A CHRONICLE OF THE KYNGES OF ENGELONDE, from ye Normane Conqueste to +the reygne of our Soveragne Ladie Elizabethe, wythe a summarie +accounte of eache reygne, by G.C.L. A MANUSCRIPT of the last +century, in 4to., calf, very neat, 37 full-length portraits, +water-colour drawings, curiously emblazoned in gold and colours, +with the Arms and Insignia of each Monarch, and numerous other +devices, ornaments and borders, from the library of Sir Gore Ousely, +with a portrait apparently of the executor. 3l. 3s. + +ANNALS OF THE CALEDONIANS, PICTS, AND SCOTS, and of Strathclyde, +Cumberland, Galloway, and Murray, by J. RITSON, Esq. 2 vols cr. 8vo. +Half-bound morocco, extra marble edges, 8s. 6d. 1828. + +BETHAMS (W.) BARONETAGE OF ENGLAND, or the History of the English +Baronets, and such Baronets of Scotland as are of English Families. +5 vols. 4to. Half-calf, neat, with Genealogical Tables, and +Engravings of Armorial Bearings, 1l. 10s. 1801-1808. + +BUCKINGHAM'S ORIENTAL HERALD AND COLONIAL REVIEW, comprising a Mass +of Valuable Writings on the Colonies and their Government. Complete +in 23 vols. 8vo. Half-calf, very neat. 1l. 10s. 1824-1829. + +BUCKINGHAM'S (J.S.) TRAVELS AMONG THE ARAB TRIBES in Mesopotamia, +Asia Minor, Assyria, Media, and Persia. 3 vols. 4to., not uniform in +binding. Maps, Portrait, and upwards of 80 Illustrations, 1l. 17s. +1825-1829. + +BYRON'S (LORD) LETTERS AND JOURNALS, with Notices of his Life, by +THOMAS MOORE. 3 vols. 8vo., illustrated with 41 Engravings by the +Findens, from Designs by Turner, Stanfield, &c., elegantly +half-bound morocco, marbled edges, in the best style, by Hayday, 1l. +8s. 1813. + +DALLAWAY'S INQUIRY INTO THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF HERALDRY IN +ENGLAND. Royal 4to., coloured plates, calf, very neat, 16s. +Gloucester, 1793. + +THE EDINBURGH REVIEW, from its Commencement in 1802 to the Year +1824, forming a valuable Series of the Journal. 40 vols. in 20. +8vo., nearly half-bound in russia, only 2l. 12s. 6d. 1802-1824 + +FRERON L'ANNE LITTERAIRE, from 1754 to 1777, wanting a few +intermediate Volumes. 166 vols. 12mo., calf, neat, 2l. 2s. +1754-1777. + +GALLERY OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN PORTRAITS, with Memoirs by various +distinguished Writers. 7 vols. imp. 8vo. cloth, uncut, top edges +gilt. 168 fine Portraits. An early copy. 3l. 13s. 6d. + +GIUSTINIAN (BERNARD) HISTORIE CHRONOLOGICHE DEL L'ORIGINR DEGL' +ORDINI MILITARI E DI TUTTE LE RELIGIONI CARVALLE RESCHE INFINO AD +HORA INSTITUITE NEL MONDO. 2 vols. royal 4 to. Illustrated with 30 +fine full-length Engravings of the Costumes, &c. of the various +Orders of Knighthood in the World, with numerous other Illustrations, +1l. 11s. 6d. Venezen, 1692. + +JOURNAL OF THE LONDON GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, from its Commencement. +12 vols. 8vo. half-calf, gilt, Maps, &c. 3l. 3s. + +LINGARD'S (JOHN, D.D.) HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the First Invasion +of the Romans. 13 vols. fcap. 8vo. Vignette title-pages. 1l. 18s. +1837. &c. + +LADIES' MONTHLY MUSEUM; OR POLITE REPOSITORY OF AMUSEMENT AND +INSTRUCTION: from its Commencement. 19 vols. 12mo. half-bound, +uncut; profusely illustrated with Portraits of celebrated Females, +and an extensive variety of coloured Costumes. 1l. 5s. 1799-1807. + +THE LITERARY GAZETTE, a JOURNAL OF BELLES LETTRES, FINE ARTS, and +SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION, from its Commencement in 1817 to the Year +1844, inclusive. 24 vols. 4to. half-calf, neat, and uniform. 3l. +18s. 1817-1844. + +A clean, handsomely bound copy of this valuable repertory of +literary, scientific, and fine art information during the last +quarter of a century. + +PALEY, (W.) D.D., THE ENTIRE WORKS OF, With a BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH of +the AUTHOR By the Rev. D.S. WAYLAND, 5 vols. 8vo. Half calf, extra +marble edges; fine Portrait. New and neat. Only 1l. 2s. 1837. + +PORTRAITS OF THE PRINCES AND PEOPLE OF INDIA. By the Hon. Miss EDEN. +Drawn on Stone by L. DICKENSON. Folio Half-bound; morocco. 24 fine +Engravings. 1l. 5s. + +PUNCH, OR THE LONDON CHARIVARI, from the Commencement to June, 1849. +16 vols. Complete in 8 thick 4to. vols., half-bound calf, gilt, many +thousand Engravings, only 4l. 4s. + +SHAKESPEARE ALBUM; a Series of One Hundred and Seventy Illustrations +from the Plates to Boydell's Edition of Shakespeare, as published to +the Edition edited by Valpy. Fcap. 8vo., cloth, gilt, 12s. 6d; or +elegantly bound in morocco, gilt edges, richly tooled back and +sides, 16s. 1831.--But a very small number of copies were printed +for sale in this form. + +SHIRLEY, JAMES, THE DRAMATIC WORKS AND POEMS OF. now first +collected, with Notes by GIFFORD, and an Account of his Life by the +Rev. ALEX. DYER. 6 vols. 8vo., half-bound morocco, marble edges, +fine Portraits, 1l. 16s. 1833. + +TRIALS:--An extensive Collection of State Trials, in 5 vols. folio, +calf, very neat, 1l. 8s. 1719, &c. + +TYPOGRAPHIA, OR THE PRINTER'S INSTRUCTOR, including an Account of +the Origin of Printing, by J. JOHNSON. 2 very thick vols. 24mo., +upward of 1500 pages of Letter-press, profusely illustrated and +ornamented with borders. Woodcuts, &c., the most perfect +Typographical work published. Only 3s. 6d.--J.M. is enabled to offer +this work at a price that must place it in the hands of every +printer's apprentice, as well as the lover of books. + + * * * * * + +JOHN MILLER, 43. Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square. + + * * * * * {240} + +EXHIBITION OF WORKS OF ANCIENT AND MEDIAEVAL ART. + +COMMITTEE. + +PRESIDENT AND CHAIRMAN, + +H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT, K.G., F.R.S., F.S.A. + +VICE-PRESIDENTS. + +THE EARL OF ENNISKILLEN. +RIGHT HON. SIDNEY HERBERT, M.P. +SIR JOHN P. BOILEAU, Bart., F.R.S. +HENRY THOMAS HOPE, Esq. M.P. + +The Duke of Northumberland, F.R.S., F.S.A. +The Marquis of Northampton, M.A. +The Earl of Jersey. +The Earl of Ellesmere, F.S.A. +The Bishop of Oxford, F.R.S., V.P.S.A. +Lord Albert Denison, M.P., K.C.H., F.S.A. +Hon. Robert Curzon, Jun. +Hon. James Talbot, M.R.I.A. +Sir Philip de Malpas Grey-Edgerton, Bart., M.P., F.R.S. +The Very Rev. the Dean of Westminster, F.R.S. +J.Y. Akerman, Esq., Sec S.A. +Beriah Botfield, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A. +John Bruce, Esq., Trea. S.A. +Henry Cole, Esq. +J. Payne Collier, Esq., V.P.S.A. +William R. Drake, Esq., F.S.A. +Henry Farrer, Esq. +Augustus W. Franks, Esq., B.A., Hon. Sec. +Peter le Neve Foster, Esq., M.A. +Edward Hallstone, Esq., F.S.A. +M. Rohde Hawkins, Esq. +Rev. Joseph Hunter, F.S.A. +H. Bowyer Lane, Esq. +Hollingsworth Magniae, Esq. +Octavius S. Morgan, Esq., M.P., F.S.A. +Frederic Ouvry, Esq., F.S.A. +James Robinson Planché, Esq., F.S.A. +Samuel Redgrave, Esq. +Henry Shaw, Esq., F.S.A. +Edward Smirke, Esq., F.S.A. +C. Roach Smith, Esq., F.S.A. +Captain W.H. Smyth, R.N., F.R.S., Dir. S.A. +William J. Thoms, Esq., F.S.A. +William Tite, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A. +John Webb, Esq. + +The above COMMITTEE has been formed for the purpose of organising an +EXHIBITION OF WORKS OF ANCIENT AND MEDIÆVAL ART. The SOCIETY OF ARTS +having considered that such an Exhibition is not only likely to be +interesting to the public, but also to be especially useful to +Manufacturers (with reference to the Exhibition of Works of Industry +of all Nations to be held in the year 1851), have placed a portion +of their Rooms at the disposal of the Committee, and have agreed to +adopt the Exhibition as part of that annually made by the Society, +thereby taking all the expenses connected with it upon themselves. +The Committee, regarding the Exhibition in the twofold character +contemplated by the Society of Arts, have resolved that the objects +of ancient and mediæval art of which the Exhibition is to be +composed, shall, as far as possible, be selected with reference to +their beauty and the practical illustration which they are likely to +afford of processes of manufacture; and now beg to invite the +possessors of Works deemed suitable for such an exhibition to assist +the Committee in their very important office, by entering into +communication with them, respecting the nature of any objects which +they may be willing to offer for exhibition. + +It is requested that all Works proposed for exhibition be punctually +sent to the Rooms of the SOCIETY OF ARTS, John Street, Adelphi, on +or before the 20th of February, it being imperative that the +Exhibition should open in early March. + +Letters and Communications should be addressed to AUGUSTUS W. +FRANKS, Esq. Honorary Secretary to the Committee, Society of Arts, +John Street, Adelphi. + +By order of the Committee, AUGUSTUS W. FRANKS Hon. Sec. + + * * * * * + +RECENT POPULAR WORKS + +I. + +4TH EDIT. LAYARD'S NARRATIVE. Plates, 2 vols. 8vo. 36s. + + +II. + +3RD EDIT. CURZON'S MONASTERIES of the LEVANT. Woodcuts. Post +8vo. 15s. + + +III. + +3RD EDIT. SIR FOWELL BUXTON'S MEMOIRS. Post 8vo. 8s. 6d. + + +IV. + +2ND EDIT. SIR C. LYELL'S 2ND VISIT to the U. STATES 2 vols. post +8vo. 18s. + +V. + +2ND EDIT. ARCHDEACON WILBERFORCE on BAPTISM. 8vo. 7s. 6d. + + +VI. + +2ND EDIT. DR. FORBES' PHYSICIAN'S HOLIDAY. Plates. Post 8vo. +Next week. + + +VII. + +3RD EDIT. IRVING'S LIFE OF COLUMBUS. Maps. 3 vols. 8vo. 31s. +6d. + + +VIII. + +2ND EDIT. SOMERVILLE'S PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 2 vols. fcap. 8vo. +12s. + + +IX. + +4TH EDIT. RUXTON'S ADVENTURES in MEXICO. Post 8vo. 6s. + + +X. + +3RD EDIT. IRVING'S LIFE OF GOLDSMITH. Post 8vo. 6s. + + +XI. + +2ND EDIT. PAGET'S HUNGARY. 2 vols. 8vo. 24s. + + +XII. + +4TH EDIT. MELVILLE'S MARQUESAS. 2 vols. Post 8vo. 12s. + + +XIII. + +3RD EDIT. CROKER'S BOSWELL'S JOHNSON. Portraits. 1 vol. 8vo. +18s. + + +XIV. + +2ND EDIT. GLEIG'S LIFE OF MUNRO. Post 8vo. 6s. + + +XV. + +2ND EDIT. THE PRAYER BOOK ILLUSTRATED. Medium 8vo. 21s. Antique +binding. + + +XVI. + +2ND EDIT. MANTEL ON THE INVISIBLE WORLD. Plates. 16mo. 6s. + + +XVII. + +3RD EDIT. THE ARABIAN NIGHTS, ILLUSTRATED. 3 vols. Post 8vo. +18s. + +JOHN MURRAY: Albemarle Street. + + * * * * * + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. +New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; +and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish +of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. +186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, February 9. 1850. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries 1850.02.09, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES 1850.02.09 *** + +***** This file should be named 11929-8.txt or 11929-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/9/2/11929/ + +Produced by Jon Ingram, Susan Lucy and PG Distributed Proofreaders. +Produced from images provided by The Internet Library of Early +Journals. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries 1850.02.09 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: April 7, 2004 [EBook #11929] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES 1850.02.09 *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, Susan Lucy and PG Distributed Proofreaders. +Produced from images provided by The Internet Library of Early +Journals. + + + + + + +</pre> + + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page225" name="page225"></a>{225}</span> +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + + <h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, + GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + <hr /> + + <h3><b>“When found, make a note of.”</b>—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3> + <hr class="full" /> + <table width="100%" summary=""> + <tr> + <td align="left" width="100"><b>No. 15.</b></td> + + <td align="center" width="200"><b>SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 9. 1850. </b></td> + + <td align="right" width="100"><b>Price Threepence. Stamped Edition + 4d.</b></td> + </tr> + </table> + + <hr class="full" /> + + +<h2 align="center">CONTENTS.</h2> +<table class="toc" summary=""> +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">NOTES:—</td> + <td class="pno">Page</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#wages"> Wages in 17th and 19th centuries, by Rev. L.B. Larking</a></td> + <td class="pno">225</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#marlowe">Marlowe and the old Taming of a Shrew, by S. Hickson </a></td> + <td class="pno">226</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#fly">Notes from Fly-Leaves, No. 6., by Rev. J. Jebb </a></td> + <td class="pno">227</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#mono">Shakspeare’s Use of Monosyllables, by C. Forbes</a></td> + <td class="pno">228</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#cunningham">Notes on Cunningham’s London, by E.F. Rimbault</a></td> + <td class="pno">228</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> + </td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">QUERIES:—</td> + <td class="pno"> </td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#folk">Folk Lore (Metrical Charms), by William J. Thoms</a></td> + <td class="pno">229</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#allusions">Allusions in the Homilies</a></td> + <td class="pno">229</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#minorq">Minor Queries:—Pope’s Translations of Horace—Havior—Arabic Numerals—Eaton’s +Edward III.—Dog Latin—Cuckoo, Welsh +Ambassador—A recent Novel—Authorship of a couplet—Seal +of Killigrew</a></td> + <td class="pno">230</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> + </td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">REPLIES:—</td> + <td class="pno"> </td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#selago">Selago and Samolus</a></td> + <td class="pno">231</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#aelfric">Ælfric’s Colloquy, by B. Thorpe</a></td> + <td class="pno">232</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#portraits">Portraits of Luther and Erasmus</a></td> + <td class="pno">232</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#minorr"> Replies to Minor Queries:—Praise undeserved—French + Maxim—Singular Motto—Discurs, Modest.—Pallace + —Litany Version of the Psalms—Tempora Mutantur, + &c.—Pandoxare—St. Thomas of Lancaster—Fall of + Rain in England—Judas Bell—Boduc on British + Coins—Lord Bacon’s Version of the Psalms—A + “Gib” Cat—Lay of the Phœnix, &c. </a> </td> + <td class="pno">233</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> + </td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">MISCELLANIES:—</td> + <td class="pno"> </td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#miscellanies">Execution of Duke of Monmouth—By Hook or by Crook + —Cupid Crying—Miry-land Town</a> </td> + <td class="pno">237</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> + </td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td colspan="2" class="sec">MISCELLANEOUS:—</td> + <td class="pno"> </td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#booknotes">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.</a> </td> + <td class="pno">238</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#wanted">Books and Odd Volumes + Wanted</a></td> + <td class="pno">238</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#notices">Notices to Correspondents</a> </td> + <td class="pno">238</td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td class="sec"> </td> + <td class="art"><a href="#adv">Advertisements</a> </td> + <td class="pno">238</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<a name="wages"></a> +<hr class="full" /> +<br /> +<h3>WAGES IN 17TH AND 19TH CENTURIES.</h3> + +<p> +Running my eye accidentally through the household book of Sir Roger +Twysden, from 1659 to 1670, it occurred to me to make a comparison +between the relative prices of meat and wages, as there given, in +order to ascertain the position of our peasantry in these parts, at +the close of the 17th century. I send you a few extracts, by which +it will be seen that, in Kent, at least, our agricultural labourers +appear to have been in far better condition than those of the rest +of England, who, in Mr. Macaulay’s brilliant work, are represented +as living “almost entirely on rye, barley, and oats,” owing to the +exorbitantly high price of meat, as compared with the ordinary scale +of wages. +</p> + +<p> +As to meat, I find the following entries:—</p> + +<blockquote> + +<table class="toc" summary=""> +<tr> + <td align="right">“1659. </td> + <td>Beef</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>s</i>. and 1<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. per stone.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a loin of mutton</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">1<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td align="right">1662.</td> + <td>Beef</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>s</i>. per stone.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a shin of beef</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">1<i>s</i>. 10<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a loin of veal</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">3<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a calve’s head</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">1<i>s</i>. 2<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a quarter of mutton</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">4<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>. and 5<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td> a side of mutton </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">9<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> + <td>1664.</td> + <td>8 quarters of mutton </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 32<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>1 quarter of do. </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 4<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td> 6 stone of beef</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">10<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>1666.</td> + <td>6 stone of beef </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">10<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a fat weather</td> + <td> -</td> + <td align="right">12<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>32 fat weathers </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">19<i>l</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>1667.</td> + <td>10 stone of beef and 2 lb. of suet </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">18<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td> 22 stone of beef </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>l</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>23 stone of beef </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>l</i>. 3<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td> a chine and a quarter of veal </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">8<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>1670.</td> + <td>A chine and a quarter of mutton </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">5<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> </td> + <td>a quarter of lamb </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.”</td> +</tr> +</table> +</blockquote> + + + +<p>Through this period we have:—</p> + +<blockquote>“Cheese per load, <i>i.e</i>. 56 lb., at 14<i>s</i>., 11<i>s</i>., 10<i>s</i>., 4<i>d</i>., 9<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.”</blockquote> + +<p>The wages of labourers through the same period are entered:—</p> + +<blockquote> +<table class="toc" summary=""> +<tr> + <td>“Sawyer</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. per hundred.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> a farm carpenter</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">1<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. per day.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> or, ‘I finding him,’</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 1<i>s</i>. per day.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td><dl> + <dt>common labourers, generally 1<i>s</i>. per day; </dt> + <dd>sometimes, but less frequently, 9<i>d</i>. per day </dd> + </dl> +</td> + <td><big><big><big>}</big></big></big></td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 2<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>threshing wheat, 16<i>d</i>. per quarter</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 3<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>mowing, from 1<i>s</i>. to 1<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. per acre</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 3<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>mowing oats, 1<i>s</i>. 3<i>d</i>. per acre</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>mowing clover, 1<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. per acre</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>hayers, 2<i>s</i>. and 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. per week </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 6<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> + <tr> + <td>reaping, 2<i>s</i>. per acre</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 10<i>s</i>. to 14<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>sheep shearing, 1<i>s</i>. per score</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>hedging 2-1/2<i>d</i>. per rod </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> + <tr> + <td>hoeing, 6<i>d</i>. per acre </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 4<i>s</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> women 8<i>d</i>. per day</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> in 1849, 1<i>s</i>., and 1<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> + <tr> + <td>boys, 4<i>d</i>. per day </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 6<i>d</i>. and 3<i>d</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>making faggots, 18<i>d</i>. and 20<i>d</i>. per hundred;</td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">in 1849, 3<i>s</i>.”</td> +</tr> +</table> +</blockquote> + +<p> +A reference to the household-books of the Derings, in East Kent, +gives the same results. +</p> + +<p> +The wages given by Sir Roger Twysden to his household servants at +this time were:— +</p> + <blockquote> +<table class="toc" summary=""> +<tr> + <td>“Housekeeper</td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">5<i>l</i>. per annum.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> maids </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right">2<i>l</i>. 10<i>s</i>. and 3<i>l</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td> men </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td align="right"> 5<i>l</i>. 10<i>s</i>., 5<i>l</i>. and 4<i>l</i>.”</td> +</tr> +</table> +</blockquote> + + + <span class="page"><a id="page226" name="page226"></a>{226}</span> +<p>I have added, in most instances, the prices now paid to +labourers in these parts, having obtained my information from the +farmers of the neighbourhood.</p> + +<p> +The price of butchers’ meat at present, in this neighbourhood, is +from 6<i>d</i>. to 7 1/2<i>d</i>. per lb.; by wholesale, 3<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. or 3<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. per stone. +</p> + +<p> +As far, then, as the relative prices of wages and meat can guide us, +the labourer, in these parts, was as well able to purchase meat in +1670 as he is now. +</p> + +<p> +Unhappily for him, the imprudence of early marriage entailing upon +him the charge of a family, he is precluded from the indulgence in +fresh meat, except as an occasional treat. Cheese and bacon, +however, are still within his reach. The improvidence of early +marriage rarely occurred in former days, and palpably, if our +Kentish labourers lived <i>entirely</i> on oats and rye, it was not +of <i>necessity</i> that they did so. I am inclined to think that, +in many of the instances given above, especially in haying and +harvest, provisions of some sort were found by the employer, over +and above the wages. When I have more leisure, I will endeavour to +obtain correct information on this point; and meanwhile, send you +the entries just as I find them. I observe an entry of “peas to boil +for the men.” They had porridge then, at all events, in addition to +their wages; and these wages, if they had so chosen, could further +have purchased them meat, quite as well as at the present day; +though, alas for our poor peasantry, this is not saying much for +them; and even of that little smack of meat they will soon be +debarred, if the present system—but I am intruding on sacred +ground, and must leave the poor fellows to their hard work and +scanty meals. +</p> +<p class="author">LAMBERT B. LARKING.</p> +<br /> +<a name="marlowe"></a> + <hr /> +<br /> + +<h3>MARLOWE AND THE OLD “TAMING OF A SHREW.”</h3> + +<p> +I regret that my communication (No. 13. p. 194.), on the subject of +the authorship of <i>The Taming of a Shrew</i>, was too late to be +of any avail for the already-published new edition of Marlowe’s +works; and, had I been aware of such being the case, I should have +waited until I had had an opportunity of seeing a work whose editor +may entertain views in ignorance of which, to my disadvantage, I am +still writing. It is, perhaps, a still greater disadvantage that I +should appear to depend for proofs upon a bare enumeration of +parallel passages; when I know that the space I should require for +the purposes of stating the case fully and fairly, and, as I think, +conclusively, would be utterly inconsistent with that brevity which +must be with you an essential condition; while, at the same time, I +know of no medium through which I am so likely to enlist the +attention of a “fit audience” as your publication. Premising that my +references are to <i>The Taming of a Shrew</i> in “Six Old Plays,” +1799, and to Marlowe’s Works, edit. 1826, I proceed to indicate such +passages as a rapid glance through the respective works, aided by +some previous acquaintance with the subject, and a not very bad +memory, furnished. Some of the parallels will be found identical; in +others, the metaphors will be found to be the same, with the +expression more or less varied; and in others, again, particular +expressions are the same, though the tenor of the phrase be +different. It will be observed that the quotations of Marlowe are +exclusively from <i>Dr. Faustus</i> and <i>Tamburlaine</i>. Of the +longer passages I have given merely the first line for reference; +and I have numbered them for the convenience of comparison:— +</p> + + +<h5>THE TAMING OF A SHREW.</h5> +<blockquote> +<dl> + <dt>(1) “Now that the gloomy shadow of the night,” &c. p. 161.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(2) “But stay, what dames are these, so bright of hue,” &c. p. 167.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(3) “ + O, might I see the censer of my soule.” &c. p.169.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(4) “ + Come, fair Emelia, my lovely love,” &c. p. 180.</dt> + <dd>“Valeria, attend, I have a lovely love,” &c. p. 191.</dd> + <dd>“And all that pierceth Phœbus’ silver eye,” &c. p. 181.</dd> + <dd>“Fair Emelia, summer’s bright sun queen,” &c. p.199.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(5) + “I fill’d my coffers of the wealthy mines,” &c. p.181.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> +<dt>(6) + + + “As richly wrought</dt> + <dd>As was the massy robe that late adorn’d</dd> + <dd>The stately legate of the Persian king,” p.183.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>(7) + “<i>Boy</i>. Come hither, sirha boy.</dt> + <dd> <i>Sander</i>. Boy, O, disgrace to my person!” &c. p.184.</dd> +</dl> +</blockquote> + +<h5>MARLOWE.</h5> +<blockquote> +<dl> + <dt>(1) + “Now that the gloomy shadow of the night,” &c. + —<i>Faustus</i>, vol. ii. p.127.</dt> +</dl> +<dl> + <dt>(2) + “Zenocrate, the loveliest maid alive,” &c.—<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.46.</dt> +</dl> +<dl> + <dt>(3) + “Whose darts do pierce the centre of my soul,” &c. + —<i>Tamb.</i> vol. i. p.120.</dt> + <dd> “Was this the face that launch’d a thousand ships,” &c. + —<i>Faustus</i>, vol. ii. p.192.</dd> +</dl> +<dl> + <dt>(4) + “Now bright Zenocrate, the world’s fair eye,” &c. + —<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.102</dt> + + <dd>“Batter the shining palace of the sun,” &c. + —<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.120</dd> + + <dd>“A greater lamp than that bright eye of heaven,” &c. + —<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.154.</dd> + + <dd> ——“the golden eye of + heaven.”—<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.155.</dd> + + <dd>“Wherein are rocks of pearl that shine as bright,” + &c.—<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.177.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> +<dt>(5) + “I’ll have them fly to India for gold,” &c. + —<i>Faustus</i>, vol. ii. p. 123.</dt> +</dl> + +<dl> +<dt>(6) + “And show your pleasure to the Persian</dt> + <dd> As fits the legate of the stately Turk.” + —<i>Tamb</i>. vol. i. p.87.</dd> + </dl> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page227" name="page227"></a>{227}</span> + + +<dl> +<dt>(7) + “<i>Wagner</i>. Come hither, sirha! Boy!</dt> + <dd> <i>Clown</i>. Boy! O disgrace to my person!” &c. + —<i>Faustus</i>, vol. ii, p. 131.</dd> +</dl> + +</blockquote> + +<p>Leaving the question in this position for the present, I shall be +glad of such information from any of your readers as may tend to +throw a light on the date of Shakspeare’s <i>Taming of the +Shrew</i>. I find Mr. Collier’s opinion expressed in the following +words:— +</p> + + <blockquote> + “The great probability is that <i>Hamlet</i> was written + at the earliest in 1601, and the <i>Taming of the Shrew</i> + perhaps came from the pen of its author not very long afterwards.” +</blockquote> + +<p> +I am anxious to ascertain whether I am acquainted with all the +circumstances on which the above opinion is founded; as those which +I can, at this moment, recall, are to my mind hardly sufficiently +conclusive. Rejecting the supposed allusion to Heywood’s <i>Woman +Kill’d with Kindness</i>, which I see, by a note, Mr. Collier gives +up as untenable ground, the facts, I believe, remain as follows:— +</p> + +<p> +First: <i>The Taming of the Shrew</i> was not mentioned by Meres in +1598, whereupon it is assumed that “had it been written, he could +scarcely have failed to mention it.” And, +</p> + +<p> +Second: it must have been written after <i>Hamlet</i>, because the +name Baptista, used incorrectly in that play as a feminine name, is +properly applied to a man in this. And these, I believe, are all. +Now, the first of these assumptions I answer, by asking, “Does it +follow?” Of all Shakspeare’s plays which had then appeared, only +three had been published before 1598, and not one comedy. Meres, in +all probability, had no list to refer to, nor was he making one: he +simply adduced, in evidence of his assertion of Shakspeare’s +excellence, both in tragedy and comedy, such plays of both kinds as +he <i>could</i> recollect, or the best of those which he <i>did</i> +recollect. Let us put the case home; not in reference to any modern +dramatist (though Shakspeare in his own day was not the great +exception that he stands with us), but to the world-honoured poet +himself, who has founded a sort of religion in us: I, for my part, +would not be bound not to omit, in a hasty enumeration, and having +no books to refer to, more important works than the <i>Taming of the +Shrew</i>. In short, the omission by Meres proves no more than that +he either did not think of the play, or did not think it necessary +to mention it. To the second assumption, I answer that the date of +the <i>first Hamlet</i> is “not proven:” it may have been an early +play. From the play of <i>Hamlet</i>, in its earlier form, is the +name Baptiste, where it is used in conjunction with Albertus, taken; +the scene mentioned is Guiana; and there is nothing to lead one to +suppose that the name is used as an Italian name at all. Both the +date of <i>Hamlet</i>, therefore, and—whichever way +decided—the conclusion drawn from the supposed mistake, I +regard as open questions. There is yet another circumstance which +Mr. Collier thinks may strengthen his conclusion with regard to the +date of this play. He refers to the production of Dekker’s +<i>Medicine for a Curst Wife</i>, which he thinks was a revival of +the old <i>Taming of a Shrew</i>, brought out as a rival to +Shakspeare’s play. This is easily answered. In the first place, +Katharine, the Shrew, is not a “curst wife:” she becomes a wife, it +is true, in the course of the play; but this is a part of the +process of taming her. But what seems at once to disprove it is, +that, according to Henslow’s account, Dekker was paid 10<i>l</i>. +10<i>s</i>. for the piece in question; as Mr. Collier observes, an +“unusually large sum” for a new piece, and not likely to be paid for +the bashing up of an old one. I am thus left entirely without a +clue, derivable from external evidence, to the date of this play; +and shall be glad to know if there is any thing, throwing light upon +the point, which I may have overlooked. That more important +consequences are involved in this question than appear upon the face +of it, I think I shall be able to show in a future communication; +and this is my excuse for trespassing so much upon your space and +your readers’ patience. +</p> + +<p class="author">SAMUEL HICKSON.</p> +<p class="place">St. John’s Wood, Jan. 26. 1850.</p> + +<a name="fly"></a> +<hr /> + +<br /> +<h3>NOTES FROM FLY-LEAVES, NO. 6.</h3> + +<p> +In a copy of Burnet’s <i>Telluris Theoria Sacra</i> (in Latin), +containing only the two first books (1 vol. 4to., Lond. 1689), there +is the following entry in Bishop Jebb’s hand-writing:— +</p> + +<blockquote> + <p> + “From the internal evidence, not only of additional matter + in the margin of this copy, but of frequent erasures and + substitutions, I was led to suppose it was the author’s copy, + illustrated by his own annotations and improvements. The + supposition is, perhaps, sufficiently corroborated by the + following extract from the <i>Biographia Britannica</i>, + vol. iii. p. 18. +</p> +<p> + “‘It seems it was usual with Dr. Burnet, before he published + any thing in Latin, to have two or three copies, and no more, + printed off, which he kept by him for some time, in order to + revise at leisure what he had written <i>currente calamo</i>, + and sometimes, when he thought proper, to be communicated to + his particular friends for their opinions, &c.’ +</p> + <p> + “This copy, as it does not differ from any of the editions of + 1689, was certainly not one of those <i>proofs</i>. But the + Doctor’s habit of annotating on his own Latin books after they + were printed, renders it extremely probable that this book was + a preparation for a new edition. It would be well to compare it + with the English translation.” +</p> + +</blockquote> + +<p> +The nature of many of the corrections and additions (which are very +numerous), evidently shows a preparation for the press. I have +compared this copy with the English edition, published in the same +year, and find that some of the <span class="pagenum"><a id="page228" name="page228"></a>{228}</span>corrections were adopted; this, +however, but in a few instances, while in one, to be mentioned +presently, a palpable mistake, corrected in the MS. Latin notes, +stands in the translation. The English version differs very +materially from the Latin. The author says in his Preface:— +</p> + +<blockquote> + “This English version is the same in substance with the + Latin, though I confess, ’tis not so properly a translation, + as a new composition upon the same ground, there being + several additional chapters in it, and several new moulded.” +</blockquote> + +<p> +The following are examples of corrections being adopted: P. 6. Latin +ed. “Quod abunde probabitur in principio libri secundi.” For the +last word <i>subsequentis</i> is substituted, and the English has +<i>following</i>. P. 35. “Hippolitus” is added to the authorities in +the MS.; and in the English, p. 36., “Anastasius Sinaiti, S. +Gaudentius, Q. Julius Hilarius, Isidorus Hispalensis, and +Cassiodorus,” are inserted after Lactantius, in both. P. 37. +“Johannes Damascenus” is added after St. Augustin in both. P. 180. a +clause is added which seems to have suggested the sentence +beginning, “Thus we have discharged our promise,” &c. But, on the +other hand, in p. 8. the allusion to the “Orphics,” which is struck +out in the Latin, is retained in the English; and in the latter +there is no notice taken of “Empedocles,” which is inserted in the +margin of the Latin. In p. 11. “Ratio naturalis” is personified, and +governs the verb <i>vidit</i>, which is repeated several times. This +is changed by the corrector into vidimus; but in the English +passage, though varying much from the Latin, the personification is +retained. In p. 58., “Dion Cassius” is corrected to “Xiphilinus;” +but the mistake is preserved in the English version. +</p> + +<p class="author"> +JOHN JEBB. +</p> +<br /> +<a name="mono"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>SHAKSPEARE’S EMPLOYMENT OF MONOSYLLABLES.</h3> + +<p> I offer the following flim-flam to the examination of your +readers, all of whom are, I presume, more or less, readers of +Shakspeare, and far better qualified than I am to +“anatomize” his writings, and “see what bred about +his heart.” </p> + +<p> +I start with the proposition that the language of passion is almost +invariably broken and abrupt, and the deduction that I wish to draw +from this proposition, and the passages that I am about to quote is, +that—<i>Shakspeare on more than one occasion advisedly used +monosyllables, and monosyllables only, when he wished to express +violent and overwhelming mental emotion</i>, ex. gratiâ:— +</p> +<div class="verse"> + <p><i> Lear.</i> “Thou know’st the first time that we smell the air,</p> + <p>We wawl, and cry:—I will preach to thee; mark me.</p> + + <p> [<i>Gloster.</i> “Alack! alack the day!]</p> + + <p><i>Lear.</i> “When we are born, we cry, that we are come</p> + <p> +To this great stage of fools,—This a good block?” +</p> + + <p> —<i>King Lear</i>, Act IV. Sc. 6.</p> +</div> + +<p>In this passage [I bracket Gloster] we find no fewer than +<i>forty-two monosyllables</i> following each other consecutively. +Again,</p> + + <div class="verse"> + <p>“——— + but through his lips do throng</p> + <p> Weak words, so thick come, in his poor heart’s aid,</p> + <p>That no man could <i>distinguish</i> what he said.”</p> + <p><i>Rape of Lucreece</i>, Stanza 255.</p> +</div> + +<p> +After I had kept this among other flim-flams for more than a year in +my note-book, I submitted it in a letter to the examination of a +friend; his answer was as follows:—“Your canon is ingenious, +especially in the line taken from the sonnet. I doubt it however, +much, and rather believe that sound is often sympathetically, and as +it were unconsciously, adapted to sense. Moreover, monosyllables are +redundant in our tongue, as you will see in the scene you quote. In +<i>King John</i>, Act III. Sc. 3., where the King is <i>pausing</i> +in his wish to incense Hubert to Arthur’s murder, he says:— +</p> + +<div class="verse"> + <p>‘Good friend, though hast no cause to say so yet:</p> + <p> But thou shall have; and creep time ne’er so slow,</p> + <p>Yet it shall come, for me to do thee good.</p> + <p> I had a thing to say,—But let it go:’—</p> +</div> + +<p>forty monosyllables.”</p> +<p class="verse"> + “Credimus? an qui amant ipsi sibi somnia fingunt.”</p> + +<p>The very passage he quoted seemed, to my eyes, rather a +<i>corroboration</i> of the theory, than an <i>argument against +it</i>! I might, I think, have quoted the remainder of Lear’s speech +ending with the words “Kill, kill, kill, kill, kill, kill,” and, +with the exception of three words, consisting <i>entirely</i> of +monosyllables, and one or two other passages. But I have written +enough to express my meaning.</p> +<p class="author">C. FORBES.</p> +<p class="place">Temple.</p> + +<a name="cunningham"></a> + +<hr /><br /> +<h3>NOTES UPON CUNNINGHAM’S HAND-BOOK FOR LONDON.</h3> + +<p><i> Wild House, Drury Lane.</i>—Mr. Cunningham says, +“Why so called, I am not aware.” <i>Wild</i> is a +corruption of <i>Weld</i>. It was the town mansion of the family of +the <i>Welds</i>, of Lutworth Castle.</p> + +<p><i>Compton Street, Soho.</i>—Built in the reign of Charles +the First by Sir Francis Compton. <i>New</i> Compton Street, when +first formed, was denominated Stiddolph Street, after Sir Richard +Stiddolph, the owner of the land. It afterwards changed its name, +from a demise of the whole adjoining marsh land, made by Charles the +Second to Sir Francis Compton. All this, and the intermediate +streets, formed part of the site of the Hospital of St. Giles.</p> + +<p><i>Tottenham Court Road.</i>—The old manor-house, sometimes +called in ancient records “Totham Hall,” was, in Henry +the Third’s reign, the residence of William de Tottenhall. +Part of the old buildings were remaining in 1818.</p> + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page229" name="page229"></a>{229}</span> + +<p> <i>Short’s Gardens, Drury Lane</i>.—Dudley Short, +Esq., had a mansion here, with fine garden attached, in the reign of +Charles the Second.</p> + +<p><i>Parker Street, Drury Lane.</i>—Phillip Parker, Esq., had +a mansion on this site in 1623.</p> + +<p><i>Bainbridge and Buckridge Streets, St. +Giles’s</i>.—The two streets, now no more, but once +celebrated in the “annals of low life,” were built prior +to 1672, and derived their names from their owners, eminent +parishioners in the reign of Charles the Second.</p> + +<p><i>Dyot Street, St. Giles’s.</i>—This street was +inhabited, as late as 1803, by Philip Dyot, Esq., a descendant of +the gentleman from whom it takes its name. In 1710 there was a +certain “Mendicant’s Convivial Club” held at the +“Welch’s Head” in this street. The origin of this +club dated as far back as 1660, when its meetings were held at the +Three Crowns in the Poultry.</p> + +<p><i>Denmark Street, St. Giles’s.</i>—Originally built +in 1689. Zoffany, the celebrated painter, lived at No. 9. in this +street. The same house is also the scene of Bunbury’s +caricature, “The Sunday Evening Concert:”—</p> + +<blockquote> + “July 27. 1771.—Sir John Murray, late Secretary to the + Pretender, was on Thursday night carried off by a party + of strange men, from a house in <i>Denmark Street</i>, near + St. Giles’s church, where he had lived some time.” + —<i>MS. Diary quoted in Collet’s Relics of Literature</i>, p. 306. +</blockquote> + +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<br /> +<a name="folk"></a> +<hr class="full" /> + +<br /> +<h2>QUERIES.</h2> + +<h3>FOLK LORE.</h3> +<p><i>Metrical Charms</i>.—In the enumeration of the various branches +of that interesting subject, the “FOLK LORE OF ENGLAND,” on which +communications were invited in the last number of “NOTES AND +QUERIES,” there is an omission which I beg to point out, as it +refers to a subject which, I believe, deserves especial +investigation, and would amply repay any trouble or attention that +might be bestowed upon it. I allude to <i>Metrical Charms</i>, many +of which are still preserved, and, in spite of the corruptions they +have undergone in the course of centuries, would furnish curious and +valuable illustrations of the Mythological System on which they are +founded.</p> + +<blockquote> + “Spirits of the flood and spirits of the hills found a + place in the mythology of Saxon England,” +</blockquote> + +<p>says an able reviewer of Mr. Kemble’s <i>Saxons in +England</i>, in <i>The Anthenæum</i> (13th Jan. 1849); and he +continues,</p> + +<blockquote> + “The spells by which they were invoked, and the forms + by which their aid was compelled, linger, however, still + amongst us, although their names and powers have passed + into oblivion. In one of the Saxon spells which + Mr. Kemble has inserted in the Appendix, we at once + recognised a rhyme which we had heard an old woman + in our childhood use,—and in which many Saxon words + unintelligible to her were probably retained.” +</blockquote> + +<p>Who would not gladly recover this “old rhyme?”—I can say for +myself, that if these lines should ever meet the eye of the writer +of the passage I have quoted, I trust he will be induced to +communicate, in however fragmentary a shape, this curious addition +to our present scanty stories of mythological information.</p> + +<p>While on the subject of <i>Charms and Spells</i>, I would ask +those who are more familiar than myself with the Manuscript treasures +of the British Museum, and of our University Libraries, whether they +have ever met with (except in MSS. of Chaucer) the remarkable +“Night Spell” which the Father of English Poetry has +preserved in the following passage of his <i>Miller’s +Tale</i>. I quote from Mr. Wright’s edition, printed for the +Percy Society:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <p>“‘What Nicholas, what how man, loke adoun:</p> + <p>Awake and think on Cristes passioun</p> + <p>I crowche the from Elves and from Wightes.’</p> + <p>There with the night-spel seyde he anon rightes</p> + <p>On the foure halves of the hous aboute</p> + <p>And on the threissh-fold of the dore withoute.</p> + <p class="stanza">“‘Lord Jhesu Crist and seynte Benedight,</p> + <p>Blesse this hous from every wikkede wight</p> + <p>Fro nightes verray, the white Paternoster</p> + <p>When wonestow now, seynte Petres soster.’”</p> +</div> + +<p>This charm has long occupied my attention, and as I hope shortly +to submit to the Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries an attempt to +illustrate some parts of it which are at present certainly involved +in very great obscurity, I shall be glad to be informed whether any +other early version of it is to be found in MS., and if so, where; +and also whether any other version, corrupted or not, is still +preserved, if not in use, at least in memory. I should also be +especially glad of references of any other allusion to the +“white Paternoster” or “seynte Petres +soster,” or for any information as to sources for ascertaining +the history, whether authentic or legendary, of the personage +supposed to be alluded to in the closing words of this remarkable +spell.</p> + +<p class="author">WILLIAM J. THOMS.</p> +<a name="allusions"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>ALLUSIONS IN THE HOMILIES.</h3> + +<p><i>“A Good Wife,” &c.</i>, and <i>“God +speed the Plough!”</i>—I should hold myself deeply +indebted to any of your correspondents who would inform me where the +two following quotations are to be found.</p> + +<p>I have been anxiously looking for them for some years. I have +taken some pains myself—<span class="pagenum"><a id="page230" +name="page230"></a>{230}</span>“I have poached in Suidas for +unlicensed Greek”—have applied to my various antiquarian +friends (many of whose names I was delighted to recognise among the +brilliant galaxy that enlightened your first number)—but +hitherto all in vain; and I am reduced to acknowledge the truth of +the old proberb, “A —— may ask more questions in +an hour than a wise man can answer in seven years:”—</p> + +<blockquote>I. “For thus will most truly be verified the +<i>saying of the poet</i>, ‘A good wife, by obeying her +husband, shall bear the rule, so that he shall have a delight and a +gladness the sooner at all times to return home to her.’ But, +on the contrary part, ‘when the wives be stubborn, froward, +and malapert, their husbands are compelled thereby to abhor and flee +from their own houses, even as they should have battle with their +enemies.’”—<i>Homily on Matrimony</i>, p. 450. +ed. Oxford, 1840.</blockquote> + +<p>Query—<i>Who</i> is the <i>poet?</i></p> + +<blockquote>II. “Let no good and discreet subjects, therefore, follow +the flag or banner displayed to rebellions, and borne by rebels, +though it have the image of the plough painted therein, with <i>God +speed the plough</i> written under in great letters, knowing that +none hinder the plough more than rebels, who will neither go to the +plough themselves, nor suffer other that would go unto +it.”—<i>Fourth Part of the Homily against Wilful +Rebellion</i>, p. 518.</blockquote> + +<p>In <i>what</i> rebellion was such a banner carried?</p> + +<p>These questions may appear very trifling; but each man has his +hobby, and mine is, not to suffer a quotation to pass without +verification.</p> + +<p>It is fortunate that I am not a despotic monarch, as I would +certainly make it felony without benefit of clergy to quote a +passage without giving a plain reference.</p> + +<p class="author">L.S.</p> + +<a name="minorq"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>MINOR QUERIES</h3> + +<p><i>Pope’s Translations of Horace.</i>—In a pamphlet +against Pope, entitled, <i>A True Character of Mr. Pope and his +Writings</i>, by the author of <i>The Critical History of +England</i>, written in May, 1716, and printed in that year, Pope is +reproached with having just published a “libellous,” +“impudent,” and “execrable” <i>Imitation of +Horace</i>. Twenty years later such a reproach would be very +intelligible; but can any one favour me with a reference to any +<i>Imitation of Horace</i>, published by Pope prior to 1716, of +which any such complaint could be made?</p> + + +<p class="author">C.</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Etymology of “Havior.”</i>—Can any of your +readers inform me what is the etymology of the word <i>Havior</i>, +by which all park-keepers denote an emasculated male deer, affording +good venison between the buck and doe season? </p> + +<p>Never having seen the word written or printed, I am guided, in +attempting to spell it, by the usual pronunciation.</p> + +<p class="author">BRAYBROOKE</p> + +<p class="place">Audley End, Feb. 2.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Arabic Numerals</i>.—In the <i>Archæological +Journal</i> (vol. vi. p. 291.), it is stated that the earliest +“example of the use of Arabic numerals in any work connected +with building” is the date 1445, on the tower of Heathfield +Church, Sussex, though “they were common in MSS. after 1320, +and in astronomical Tracts as early as 1290.” As it is +probable that not a few instances of the employment of the Arabic +numeral characters of an earlier date than that at Heathfield are to +be met with in different parts of the country, will you permit me to +make use of your paper to inquire whether any such are known to any +of your readers, and if they will be so obliging as to communicate +their knowledge through the medium of your columns? As the subject +is one of considerable interest, it would be desirable that +<i>any</i> date belonging to the fifteenth or the early part of the +sixteenth century should be made known, and registered in your +valuable publication.</p> + +<p>Permit me also to ask, in connection with this subject, for +references to any works or treatises supplying information on the +history of the Arabic numerals, their origin, and their introduction +into Europe. I am already acquainted with Astle, <i>On Writing</i>, +Wallis’s <i>Algebra, Nouveau Traité de +Diplomatique</i>, the <i>Huctiana</i>, Pegge’s <i>Life of +Grostête</i>, and the <i>Philosophical Transactions</i>; but I +wish for additional, and, if possible, more recent information.</p> + +<p>Does any one of your readers know what became of the MSS. +formerly in the possession of the above-named Thomas Astle, formerly +Keeper of the Tower Records? In Sir W. Burrell’s Sussex +collections in the British Museum are copies of charters, “ex +MSS. penes T. Aste,” with notices of curious seals appended, +which I should be glad to be able to inspect.</p> + +<p class="author">E.V.</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Stephen Eiton, or Eden’s “Acta Regis Edw. +II.</i>“—The interesting account of St. Thomas of +Lancaster, with the appended queries (No. 12. p. 181.), reminds me +of the work of Stephen Eiton or Eden, a canon-regular of Warter, in +Yorkshire, entitled, “Acta Regis Edwardi +ii<sup>di</sup>,” which is said still to remain in manuscript. +Where is it deposited?</p> + +<p class="author">T.J.</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Dog Latin.</i>—Permit me also to ask, what is the origin +of the expression “Dog Latin”?</p> + +<p class="author">T.J.</p> + +<br /> +<p> <i>The Cuckoo—the Welch Ambassador.</i>—In +Middleton’s <i>A Trick to Catch the Old One</i>, Act iv. sc. +5., Dampet says:—</p> + +<blockquote> +“Why, thou rogue of universality, do I not know thee? Thy +sound is like the cuckoo, the Welch Embassador.”</blockquote> + +<p>And the +editor of the continuation of Dodsley’s <i>Collection</i> +remarks on the passage,—</p> + +<blockquote> +“Why the cuckoo is called the Welch Embassador, I know +not.”</blockquote> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="page231" +name="page231"></a>{231}</span> Perhaps some of your readers can +explain why the cuckoo is so called.</p> + +<p class="author">G.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>A recent Novel</i>.—Having lately met with an extremely +rare little volume, the title of which runs thus: “La prise +d’un Seigneur Ecossois et de ses gens qui pilloient les +navires pescheurs de France, ensemble le razement de leur fort et le +rétablissement d’un autre pour le service du Roi ... en +la Nouvelle France ... par le sieur Malepart. Rouen, le Boullenger, +1630. 12<sup>o</sup>. 24pp.” I was reminded of a modern novel, +the principal scenes of which are laid in an island inhabited by a +British nobleman of high rank, who, having committed a political +crime, had been reported dead, but was saved by singular +circumstances, and led the life of a buccaneer. Can any of your +numerous readers be good enough to mention the title of the novel +alluded to, which has escaped my memory? +</p> + +<p class="author">ADOLPHUS.</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Authorship of a Couplet</i>.—Can you help me to the authorship +of the following lines?—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <p>“Th’ unhappy have whole days, and those they choose;</p> + <p>The happy have but hours, and those they lose.”</p> +</div> + +<p class="author">P.S.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Seal of Killigrew, and Genealogy of the Killigrew +Family</i>.—”BURIENSIS” (No. 13. p. 204.) is +informed that the arms on the seal at Sudbury are certainly those of +a member of the old Cornish house of Killigrew. These arms, impaled +by those of Lower, occur on a monument at Llandulph, near Saltash, +to the memory of Sir Nicholas Lower, and Elizabeth his wife, who +died in 1638. She was a daughter of Sir Henry Killegrewe, of London, +and a near relative, I believe, of the Master of the Revels.</p> + +<p>While on this subject, I beg to put a query to your genealogical +readers. The double-headed eagle, the bordure bizantée, and the +demilion charged with bezants, are all evident derivations from the +armorial bearings of Richard, titular king of the Romans, Earl of +Cornwall, &c., second son of King John. The family of Killegrewe is +of venerable antiquity in Cornwall. What I wish to ascertain is, the +nature of the connection between the family and that unfortunate +“king.” Was it one of consanguinity, or merely one of feudal +dependence?</p> + +<p class="author">MARK ANTONY LOWER.</p> + +<p>*<sub>*</sub>* See, on the origin of the arms of Richard and their derivatives, my <i>Curiosities of Heraldry</i>, pp.309. et seq.</p> +<br /> +<a name="selago"></a> +<hr class="full" /> +<br /> +<h2>REPLIES.</h2> + +<h3>SELAGO AND SAMOLUS.</h3> + +<p>In common with the mistletoe and vervain the Druids held the Selago +and Samolus as sacred plants, and never approached them but in the +most devout and reverential manner. When they were gathered for +religious purposes the greatest care was taken lest they should fall +to the earth, for it was an established principle of Druidism, that +every thing that was sacred would be profaned if allowed to touch +the ground; hence their solicitude to catch the anguinum:</p> + + +<div class="poem"> +<p> +“————————— + When they bear</p> + <p> Their wond’rous egg aloof in air:</p> + <p> Thence before to earth it fall,</p> + <p> The Druid in his hallow’d pall</p> + <p> Receives the prize.”</p> +</div> + +<p>Pliny, in his <i>Natural History</i> (lib. xxiv. cap. 11.) +gives a circumstantial account of the ceremonies +used by the Druids in gathering the Selago and +Samolus, and of the uses to which they were applied:—</p> + +<blockquote> + <p>“Similis berbæ huie sabinæ est Selago appellata. + Legitur + sine ferro dextra manu per tunicam, qua sinistra + exuitur velut a furante, candida veste vestito, pureque + lotis nudis pedibus, saero facto priusquam legatur, + pane vinoque. Fertur in mappa nova. Hanc contra omnem + perniciem habendam prodidere Druidæ Gallorum, et contra + omnia oculorum vitia fumum ejus prodesse.</p> + +<p> “Iidem Samolum herbam nominavere nascentem in humidis: + et hanc sinistra manu legi a jejunis contra morbos suum + boumque, nec respicere legentem: nec alibi quam in + canali, deponere, ibique conterere poturis.”</p> +</blockquote> + +<p>From the very slight manner in which these plants are described by +Pliny, it is next to impossible to identify them with any degree of +certainty, though many attempts for the purpose have been made. So +far as I know, Pliny is the only ancient author who mentions them, +and we have therefore nothing to guide us beyond what he has said in +this passage.</p> + +<p>The word Selago is supposed to be derived from <i>se</i> and +<i>lego</i>, i.e. <i>quid certo ritu seligeretur</i>. Linnæus +appropriated the name to a pretty genus of Cape plants, but which +can have nothing whatever to do with the Selago of the Druids. It +has been thought to be the same as the Serratula Chamæpeuce of +Linnæus, but without sufficient reason, for Pliny says it resembles +the savine; and Matthiolus, in his <i>Commentary on Dioscorides</i>, +when speaking of the savine (Juniperus Sabina), says:—</p> + + <blockquote> + “Siquidem vidi pro Sabina assumi quandam herbam + dodrantalem quæ quibusdam in montibus plurima nascitur, + folio tamaricis, licet nec odore nec sapore Sabinam + Hanc sæpius existimavi esse Selaginem referat. a Plinio + lib. xxiv. c. 11. commemoratam.”</blockquote> + +<p>Samolus, or as some copies read Samosum, is said to be derived from +two Celtic words, <i>san</i>, salutary, and <i>mos</i>, pig; +denoting a property in the plant which answers to the description of +Pliny, who says the Gauls considered the Samolus as a specific in +all maladies of swine and cattle. +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page232" name="page232"></a>{232}</span> +But there is not less +difficulty in identifying this plant than in the former case. Some +have thought it the same as the little marsh plant, with small white +flowers, which Linnæus calls Samolus Valerandi, while others +consider it to be the Anemone Pulsatilla. I am ignorant of the +salutary properties of these plants, and must leave it to be decided +which of them has the greatest claims to be considered the Samolus +of Pliny.</p> +<p class="author">G.M.</p> +<br /> +<p> +Is there any English translation of Ælian’s <i>Various History</i>, +or of the work ascribed to the same author on the <i>Peculiarities +of Animals</i>?</p> +<p class="place">East Winch. Jan. 1850.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Selago and Samolus</i>.—The Selago (mentioned by “PWCCA,” No. +10. p. 157.), in Welsh <i>Gras Duw</i> (Gratia Dei), was held by the +Druids as a charm against all misfortunes; they called it <i>Dawn y +Dovydd</i>, the gift of the Lord. They also ascribed great virtues +to the Samolus, which was called <i>Gwlydd</i>, mild or tender. All +that can be known respecting the Selago and Samolus, may be seen in +Borlase’s <i>Antiquities of Cornwall</i>.</p> +<p class="author">GOMER.</p> +<br /> +<a name="aelfric"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>ÆLFRIC’S COLLOQUY.</h3> + +<p>In the Anglo-Saxon <i>Gloss</i>, to Ælfric’s Latin +dialogue, <i>higdifatu</i> is not, I conceive, an error of the +scribe, but a variation of dialect, and therefore, standing in no +need of correction into <i>hydigfatu</i> (“NOTES and +QUERIES,” No. 13.). <i>Hig, hi</i> and <i>hy</i>, are +perfectly identical, and nothing is more usual in A.S. than the +omission of the final <i>g</i> after <i>i</i>; consequently, +<i>hig<big><b>=</b></big>hy, di<big><b>=</b></big>dig</i>, therefore <i>higdi<big><b>=</b></big>hydig</i>. Mr. +Singer’s reading of <i>cassidilia</i> for <i>culidilia</i>, I +consider to be well-founded.</p> + +<p>His conjecture, that <i>sprote</i>=Goth. <i>sprauto</i>, has +something very specious about it, and yet I must reject it. That +useful and sagacious author, Dr. Kitchener, tells us, that there is +only one thing to be done in a hurry (or <i>sprauto</i>); and even +if he had not informed us what that one thing is, very few indeed +would ever have imagined that it was <i>fish</i>-catching. The word +<i>sprote</i> was a puzzle to me, and I had often questioned myself +as to its meaning, but never could get a satisfactory answer; nor +was it until some time after the publication of the 2nd edition of +my <i>Analecta</i> that it occurred to me that it might signify a +wicker or <i>sallow</i> basket (such as is still in use for the +capture of eels), from Lat. <i>sporta</i>, whence the German +<i>sportel</i>. My conjecture, of <i>salice</i> for the <i>salu</i> +of the text, was based on the possibility that the apparatus might +somehow or other be made of the <i>salix</i>.</p> + +<p>I beg leave to inform “SELEUCUS,” that <i>The +Phœnix</i>, with an English version, and with the Latin +original, is to be found in the <i>Codex Exoniensis</i>, edited by +me, in 1842, for the Society of Antiquaries. The Latin ascribed to +Lactantius, is printed in the Variourum edition of Claudian, and, I +believe, in the editions of Lactantius.</p> +<p>Jan. 30, 1850.</p> +<p class="author">B. THORPE.</p> +<br /> +<a name="portraits"></a> + +<hr /> + +<h3>PORTRAITS OF LUTHER AND ERASMUS.</h3> + +<p>Your correspondent, “R.G.” (No. 13. p. 203.), is +correct in supposing the <i>wood-cut</i> portrait of Luther to be +that which is prefixed to the treatise “De Captivitate +Babylonica Ecclesiæ,” where he is habited as a monk; but +it was evidently only a copy from the very interesting copper-plate +engraving of his friend Lucas Cranach, bearing the date 1520, of +which a very accurate copy was prefixed to the translation of +“Luther’s Way to Prayer,” published by Mr. +Pickering in 1846. Juncker’s book is a very good repertory of +the various representations of the great reformer, but the prints +are generally but faithless copies. In 1750 Kirchmayer printed an +especial disquisition upon the portrait by Lucas Cranach of 1523, +under the following title:—”Disquisitio Historia de +Martini Lutheri Oris et Vultus Habitu Hervieo ad vivum expresso in +Imagine divine pencilli Lucæ Cranachj patris in ære hic +incisa,” &c., Wittebergæ Sax. 1750, 4to. The works +in which the Germans have sought to do honour to their great +protestant saint, are numerous enough to fill a small library but +two of them are so remarkable as to deserve notice, 1. +“Luther’s Merkwürdige Lebensumstande bey seiner +Medicinalischen Leibesconstitution, Krankheiten, geistlichen und +leiblichen Anfectungen und andern Zufallen, &c., von F.G. +Keil,” Leipsig, 1764. 2. “Luther’s +Merkwürdige Reisegeschichte zu Erganzung seiner Lebensumstande, +von Jo. Th. Lingke,” Leipsig, 1769, 4to. The earliest wood-cut +representation of Erasmus with which I am acquainted is a medallion +accompanying another of Ulric of Hutten, on the title-page of the +following work of the unfortunate but heroic champion of the +Reformation:—”Ulrichi ab Hutten cum Erasmo Rotirodamo, +Presbytero, Theologo, Expostulatio.” There is reason to +believe that this Expostulation was printed only a short month +before Hutten died; and, though it bears neither date nor name of +printer, that it was printed by Johannes Schott, at Strasburg, in +the month of July, 1523. It has another portrait of Hutten at the +end, the whole strikingly spirited and characteristic; by some they +have been attributed to Holbein, and if not by him, which is +doubtful, they are at least worthy of him.</p> + +<p>One would gladly forget this strife between the great promoter of +learning and the soldier-scholar. Erasmus’s conduct was +unworthy of a great man, and can never be vindicated.</p> + +<p class="author">S.W.S.</p> + +<a name="minorr"></a> +<br /> +<hr /> +<br /> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page233" name="page233"></a>{233}</span> + +<h3>REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.</h3> + +<p><i>Praise undeserved</i>.—The correct quotation, referred +to in No. 14. p. 222., is</p> + +<blockquote> +“Praise undeserved is <i>Satire</i> in disguise.” +</blockquote> + +<p>It is by Mr. Br——st, author of a copy of verses +called the <i>British Beauties</i>. I cannot fill up the +“hiatus,” which in this case is not “maxime +deflendus,” because I have now no time to search the Museum +Catalogue. I apprehend that the author belonged to the “mob of +gentlemen who wrote with ease,” as it is something like +Savage’s “tenth transmitter” (which, by the bye, +your correspondent, Mr. Gutch, should have said is <i>said</i> to be +Pope’s)—his <i>only good</i> line. Here is my +authority:</p> + +<blockquote> +<h5>EPIGRAM</h5> +<p ><i>On a certain line of Mr. Br——, author of a copy of +verses called the“British Beauties.”—From the</i> +“GARLAND,” <i>a collection of Poems</i>, 1721.</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <p>“When one good line did much my wonder raise</p> + <p>In Br——st’s works, I stood resolved to praise;</p> + <p>And had, but that the modest <i>author</i> cries,</p> + <p> <i>Praise undeserv’d is satire in disguise</i>.”</p> +</div> +</blockquote> +<p>I would add, that I believe this Epigram to be Dr. Kenrick’s, +Goldsmith’s old persecutor in later years.</p> + +<p class="author">JAMES H. FRISWELL</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>French Maxim</i>.—I beg to inform your correspondent +“R.V.” in reply to his query (No. 14. p. 215.), that the +maxim quoted is the 218th of Rochefoucauld: +“L’hypocrisie est un hommage que le vice rend à +la vertu.”</p> + +<p class="author">J.H.F.</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Singular Motto</i>.—The “singular motto” +which occasions “P.H.F.’s” wonder (No. 14. p. +214.), is, without doubt, a cypher, and only to be rendered by those +who have a Key. Such are not unfrequent in German, Austrian, or +Bohemian Heraldry.</p> + +<p class="author">J.H.F.</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Discurs. Modest.</i>—At p. 205. No. 13., your +correspondent N. replies to A.T.’s query, that “there +can be no reasonable doubt, that the <i>original</i> authority for +<i>Rem transubstantiationis patres ne altigisse quidem</i>, is +William Watson in his <i>Quodlibet</i>, ii. 4. p. 31.”</p> + +<p>By a note of mine, I find that this secular priest, W. Watson, lays +the expression in question to the charge of the Jesuits as “an +heretical and most dangerous assertion of theirs.” Admitting, +therefore, the <i>Discurs. Modest</i>. to have been published after +Watson’s <i>Decacordon</i>, i.e. later than 1602 (which can hardly +be doubted), still the further question remains to be asked: “In +what writings of the Jesuits, prior to 1602, had W. Watson himself +found these words, with which he charges them?” Should you think +this further query of importance enough to find a place in your +paper, perhaps some one of your readers might throw yet another ray +of light upon this subject.</p> + +<p class="author">J.S. </p> + +<p class="place">Oxford</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Pallace</i> (No. 13. p. 202).—Mr. Halliwell, in his +<i>Dictionary of Archaic, &c. Words</i>, explains this word as used +in Devonshire:—</p> + +<blockquote> “<i>Palace</i>, a Storehouse.”—<i>Devon</i>. “At Dartmouth, + I am told there are some of these storehouses, called + palaces, cut out of the rock, still retaining the name.” + —<i>MS Devon. Gloss</i>.</blockquote> +<p class="author">C.W.G.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Meaning of “Pallace</i>.”—The term “Pallace” (No. 13. p. 202.) +is applied in Totnes to denote a landing-place inclosed by walls, +but not roofed in. Many of these “pallaces” have been converted into +coal-cellars. Perhaps <i>pales</i> may have been used originally to +form these inclosures in lieu of walls;—and hence the word +“pallace” would mean a place paled in. I find repeated mention made +of “pallaces” in a schedule attached to a deed of the Corporation of +Totnes, bearing date September 18th, 1719, a copy of which is now +before me, and from it the following extracts are taken:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p> “One linney and two <i>pallaces</i> or yards.”</p> +<p> “All those houses, rooms, cellars, and <i>pallaces</i>.”</p> +<p> “All that great cellar lately rebuilt, and <i>the plott of ground + or pallace</i> thereto belonging lately converted into a cellar.”</p> +<p> “All that little cellar and <i>pallace</i> lately rebuilt, and + the kay or landing place thereto belonging, and near adjoyning + unto and upon the river Dart.”</p> +<p> “And the little <i>pallace</i> or <i>landing-place</i>.”</p> +</blockquote> + +<p><i>Apropos</i> of <i>landing-places</i>, it may interest some of +your readers to learn that the <i>very stone</i> upon which Brutus, +the nephew of Æneas, landed at Totnes, still remains! It is +inserted in the foot-way nearly opposite the Mayoralty-house in the +Fore Street. From Totnes, the neighbouring shore was heretofore +called <i>Totonese</i>: and the <i>British History</i> tells us, +that <i>Brutus</i>, the founder of the British nation, arrived here; +and <i>Havillanus</i> [John de <i>Alvilla</i> or <i>Hauteville</i>, +according to Mr. Wright] as a poet, following the same authority, +writes thus:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <p>“Inde dato cursu, <i>Brutus</i> comitatus Achate</p> + <p>Gallorum spoliis cumulatis navibus æquor</p> + <p>Exarat, et superis auraque faventibus usus,</p> + <p><i>Littora felices intrat Totonesia portus</i>.”</p> + </div> +<br /> +<div class="verse"> + <p>“From hence great Brute with his Achates steer’d,</p> + <p>Full fraught with Gallic spoils their ships appear’d;</p> + <p>The Winds and Gods were all at their command,</p> + <p><i>And happy Totnes shew’d them grateful land</i>.”</p> +<p class="author"><i>Gibson’s Camden</i>.</p> +</div> + + <p>Totnes is made mention of the <i>Lais de Marie</i>:—</p> +<div class="poem"><p class="i2"> “Il tient sun chemin tut avant.</p> + <p class="i2">A la mer vient, si est passer,</p> + <p class="i2">En <i>Toteneis</i> est arriver.”—<i>Lai d’Elidne</i>.</p> +</div> + +<p class="author">J. MILNER BARRY, M.D.</p> + +<p class="place">Totnes, Devon, Jan. 30. 1850.</p> + +<br /> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page234" name="page234"></a>{234}</span> + +<p><i>Litany Version of the Psalms</i>.—The doubts produced by +Beloe’s self-contradicting statements on the subject of the +Bishops’ Bible, which are referred to by “X.X.” +(No. 13. p. 203.), may thus be settled. The first edition of this +Bible, printed in 1568, contains a new translation of the Psalms by +Becon. In the second folio edition, 1572, are inserted, in opposite +columns, “the translation according to the Ebrewe,” +which differs but little from the former, in Roman letter, and +“the translation used in common prayer,” or that of the +Great Bible, printed by Whitchurch, 1553, in black letter.</p> + +<p>The clarum et venerabile nomen associated with the Bishops’ +Bible, a very magnificent and perfect copy of which is now open +before me, suggests the inquiry whether there is any copy known of +Archbishop Parker’s rare volume on the English Church, 1572, +which is not noticed by Martin in the list of eighteen which he had +discovered. He does not mention that in the Chetham library.</p> + +<p class="author">T. JONES.</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Tempora mutantur &c</i>.—In reply to your +correspondent, “E.V.” (No. 14. p. 215.), I beg to state, +that the <i>germ</i> of “Tempora mutantur, et nos mutamur in +illis,” is to be found in the <i>Delitiæ Poetarium +Germanorum</i>, vol. i. p. 685., under the Poems of Matthias +Borbonius. He considers them as a saying of Lotharius I. (flor. Cir. +830.):—</p> + +<div class="verse"> +<p> “Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis;</p> + <p>Illa vices quasdam res habet, illa suas.”</p> +</div> +<p>I sent this communication, some years ago, to <i>Sharpe’s +Magazine</i>, where it will be found, vol. v. p. 208.</p> + +<p class="author">L.S.</p> + +<br /> + +<p><i>Pandoxare</i>.—Your correspondent, “H.B.” +(No. 13. p. 202.), has lighted upon a curious specimen of domestic +hieroglyphics, the notice of which recalls to mind the quaint +marginal symbols scattered over the inventories of the Exchequer +Treasury, at a much earlier period. They are not devoid of +information or interest. The word of which he requests explanation, +is, indeed, of too base Latinity to be found in the +<i>Facciolati</i>, or even in the <i>Auctarium</i>; but in our old +Latin dictionaries, sources of abundant information on obsolete +expressions, the word is readily to be found. Old Gouldman, for +instance, whose columns are replete with uncommon and local English +terms, gives “<i>Pandoxor</i>, to brew,” citing Alciatus +as authority, and “<i>Pandox</i>, a swill-bowl,” +apparently a word used by Statius. It is obviously a barbarous +derivative of the same Greek words as <i>Pandocium</i> or +<i>Pandoxarium</i> (<i title="pan">παν</i> and <i title="docheion">δοχειον</i>), the +hostelry open to all comers. If, however, a more recondite authority +for the explanation of the word, as formerly used in England, be +desired, I would refer your querist to the pages of the +<i>Promptorium Parvulorum</i>, where may be +found—“Bruwyn ale or other drynke, <i>Pandoxor</i>. +Browstar, or brewere, <i>Pandoxator, Pandoxatrix</i>,” the +medieval Bass or Guinness having been, most frequently, a female. +And, having cited the primitive lexicographer of Norfolk, I would +seize the occasion to offer a note, in response to the numerous +queries regarding the too tardy advance of the work in question, and +to assure your readers, who may be interested in the publications of +the Camden Society, that a further instalment of the +<i>Promptorium</i> is in forwardness, so that I hope to complete a +considerable portion, in readiness for issue, early in the current +year.</p> + +<p class="author">ALBERT WAY.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Saint Thomas of Lancaster</i>.—Not having Brady at hand, I +cannot tell what authorities he cites; but, as Mr. Milnes (No. 12. +p. 181.) does not mention Rymer, he perhaps may not know that he +will find in that collection some documentary evidence on the +subject of this saint, if saint he was; for instance—</p> +<blockquote> “<i>Super rumore Thomam nuper Comitem Lancastriæ miraculis + corruscuri</i>.”—Rym. Fœd. iii. p. 1033. A.D. 1323. + “Quod,” adds the king, “moleste gerimus.”</blockquote> +<p>But Edward III. was of quite another mind, and urged his +canonization of the Holy See. Witness Rymer:—</p> +<blockquote> “<i>Ad Papam; pro canonisatione Thomaelig; nuper Comitis + Lancastriæ</i>.”—Fœd. iv. p. 2. A.D. 1326.</blockquote> +<p>And again—</p> +<blockquote> “<i>Pro custodi</i>“ (Weryngton mentioned by Mr. Milnes), + “<i>Capellæ ad montem ubi nuper comes Lancastriæ decollatus + fuit</i>.”—Ib. p. 291.</blockquote> +<p>It seems that the bodies of some of Thomas’s accomplices were also +supposed to have worked miracles; for we find an ordinance—</p> +<blockquote> “<i>Contra Fingentes miracula fieri per inimicos Regis</i>.” + —Rym. Fœd. iv. p. 20. A.D. 1323.</blockquote> +<p>Andrews says (<i>Hist</i>. i. 342.) that Richard II. renewed the +application for Thomas’s canonization; but he does not give his +authority, and I have not time to look further through Rymer.</p> +<p>p. 184. <i>Jhon-John</i>.—I wonder Mr. Williams does not see that the +<i>h</i> is not “<i>introduced</i>“ for any purpose; it is an +integral part of the original name <i>Johannes</i>, which was +contracted into <i>Johan</i>, and in French into <i>Jehan</i>.</p> +<p>p. 185. <i>Slang Phrases</i>.—”<i>A Rowland for an Oliver</i>“ is +no slang phrase of the eighteenth century; it is a proverbial +expression as old as the days of the romances of <i>Roland</i> and +<i>Olivier</i>. The other two were phrases put into the mouths of +two characters (Dr. Ollapod, in Colman’s <i>Poor Gentleman</i>, and +Young Rapid, in Morton’s <i>Cure for the Heart-ache</i>), which grew +into vogue only from the success of the actors Fawcett and Lewis, +and had no meaning or allusion beyond what the words obviously +meant.</p> +<p class="author">C.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page235" name="page235"></a>{235}</span><i>Full of Rain in England.</i>—”ROYDON” (No. 11. p. 73) will +find the average quantity of rain fallen at Greenwich, for +twenty-five years, 1815 to 1839, in a very useful and clever +pamphlet, price 1<i>s</i>., by J.H. Belville, of the Royal Observatory, +published by Taylor, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, called <i>Manual +of the Mercurial and Aneroid Barometers.</i></p> +<p class="author"> +HENRY WILKINSON</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Judas Bell</i>—(No. 13, p. 195). In the “Flyting of Dunbar and +Kennedie,” a singular Scotch Poem, composed in the former half of +the 16th century, and printed in Ramsay’s <i>Evergreen</i>, the +following passage occurs (<i>Everg.</i> vol. ii. p. 74.):—</p> +<div class="verse"> +<p> “A Benefice quha wald give sic a Beist,</p> +<p class="in"> But gif it were to jingle <i>Judas bells</i>?</p> +<p> Tak thee a Fiddle or a Flute to jest,</p> +<p class="in"> Undocht thou art, ordained for naithing ells.”</p> +</div> +<p>The Judas bells may probably have been used in the Easter-eve +ceremonies, in connexion with which we find <i>Judas candles</i> +mentioned. See Brand’s <i>Popular Antiq.</i> by Sir H. Ellis, vol. +i. p. 29.</p> +<p class="author"> +C.W.G. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Boduc or Boduoc on British Coins</i>.—The real name of the +heroic queen of the Iceni is very uncertain. Walther (Tacitus, xiv. +Ann. c. 31.), adopts Boudicea. It is probable enough that the +syllables Boduo may have formed a part of it, as pronounced by the +Britons. We are reminded of Boduognatus, leader of the Nervii, +mentioned by Cæsar. But to come nearer home, the name Boduogenus is +found upon a bronze vessel discovered in the Isle of Ely, described +by Mr. Goddard Johnson, <i>Archæologia</i>, xxviii. p. 436.</p> +<p>C.W.G.</p> +<p> +<i>Lord Bacon’s Metrical Version of the Psalms.</i>—Lord Bacon’s +translation of seven psalms, the 1st, 12th, 90th, 104th, 126th, +127th, and 149th, with a Dedication to George Herbert, is found at +the end of the 2nd vol. of his works. (Lond. 1826.) They were +printed at London, 1625, in quarto.</p> +<p class="author">C.W.G.</p> +<p class="note"> [To this we may add, on the information of X.X., that some account + of these Psalms, with specimens, may be seen in Holland’s + <i>Psalmists of Britain</i>, 1824.]</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>A “Gib” Cat.</i>—What is the etymology of the term “Gibbe,” as +applied to the male cat? I may observe that the <i>g</i> is +pronounced <i>hard</i> in this locality, and not <i>jibbe</i>, as +most dictionaries have it.</p> +<p class="place"> +Burnley, Lancashire. +</p> +<p class="author"> +T.T.W. +</p> + +<p class="note"> [NARES has shown, very satisfactorily, that <i>Gib</i>, the + contraction of <i>Gilbert</i>, was the name formerly applied to a + cat, as <i>Tom</i> is now. He states that <i>Tibert</i> (the name + given to the Cat in the old Reynard the Fox) was the old French for + <i>Gilbert</i>; and at all events, be that as it may, Chaucer, in + his <i>Romance of the Rose</i>, verse 6204., translates “Thibert le + Cas” by “Gibbe our Cat.”]</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Lay of the Phœnix.</i>—”SELEUCUS” is informed that the +Anglo-Saxon Lay of the Phœnix is contained in the <i>Codex +Exoniensis</i>, edited by Mr. B. Thorpe. The Latin poem, in +hexameters and pentameters, attributed to Lactantius, is given at +the foot of the page. It will be found at the end of the works of +Lactantius, in the small edition by Fritzsche (Lipsiæ, 1842). +Fritzsche mentions two separate editions of the poem; 1. by Martini, +Lunæburgi, 1825; 2. by Leyser, Quedlinburgi, 1839.</p> +<p class="author"> +C.W.G. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Lay of the Phœnix.</i>—”SELEUCUS” (No. 13, p. 203.) asks, “Is +there any published edition of the hexameter poem by Lactantius, +which is said to have suggested the idea of the Anglo-Saxon <i>Lay +of the Phœnix</i>?” This poem is not in hexameter, but in elegiac +verse; and though, on account of its brevity, we could not expect +that it would have been separately published, it is to be found very +commonly at the end of the works of Lactantius; for example, in +three editions before me, Basil. 1524, Lugd. 1548, Basil. 1563. That +this poem, however, belongs to the Christian Cicero, at any period +of his life, is more than doubtful, even by the admission of +Romanists, who readily avail themselves of other compositions of +similar authority. It has been sometimes ascribed to Venantius +Fortunatus, and is by Sirmondus attributed to Theodulphus, Bishop of +Orleans. (<i>Opp.</i>, ii. 840. cf. iv. 519. Venet. 1728.)</p> +<p class="author"> +R.G. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Ordination Pledges.</i>—Your correspondent, “CLERICUS” (no. 10. +p. 156.), will find by far the most elaborate and judicious +examination of the import, design, and obligation of the various +oaths and subscriptions required of the clergy, in the successive +numbers of <i>The Christian Observer</i> for 1849.</p> +<p class="author"> +E.V. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Feast of St, Michael and All-Angels.</i>—The difficulty started +by “K.M.P.” (No. 13, p. 203.), with regard to the double second +lessons for the Feast of St. Michael and All-Angels, is easily +resolved by comparing the Table of Proper Lessons before and after +the last review of the <i>Prayer Book</i> in 1662; from which it +will be seen, that the proper <i>second</i> lessons were then +appointed for the first time, while the old second lessons for Sept. +29. were retained, either from inadvertence, or to avoid the +necessity of disarranging all the subsequent part of the calendar. +The present first lessons, Gen. xxxii., and Dan. x. v. 5., at the +same time took the place of the inappropriate chapters, Eccles. +xxxix. and xliv., which had been appointed for this day in Queen +Elizabeth’s Prayer Book, 1559.</p> +<p class="author"> +E.V. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Beaver Hat.</i>—Mr. T. Hudson Turner (No. 7. p. 100.) asks, +“What is the earliest known instance of the use of a <i>beaver +hat</i> in England?”</p> +<p> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page236" name="page236"></a>{236}</span> +Fairholt (<i>Costume in England</i>) says, the earliest notice +of it is in the reign of Elizabeth, and gives the following +quotation from Stubbe’s <i>Anatomy of Abuses,</i> 1580:—</p> +<blockquote> “And as the fashions be rare and strange, so is the stuff + whereof their hats be made divers also; for some are + of silk, some of velvet, some of taffetie, some of sarcenet, + some of wool, and, which is more curious, some of a certain + kind of fine haire; these they call <i>bever hattes</i>, of + xx, xxx, or xl shillings price, fetched from beyond the seas, + from whence a great sort of other varieties doe come besides.”</blockquote> +<p class="author"> +GASTROS. +</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Meaning of “Pisan.”</i>—Mr. Turner (No. 7. p.100.) asks the +meaning of the term <i>pisan</i>, used in old records for some part +of defensive armour.</p> +<p>Meyrick (<i>Ancient Armour</i>, vol. i. p. 155, 2d ed.) gives a +curious and interesting inventory of the arms and armour of Louis le +Hutin, King of France, taken in the year 1316, in which we find, +“Item 3 coloretes <i>Pizanes</i> de jazeran d’acier.” He describes +<i>pizane</i> (otherwise written <i>pizaine, pusen, pesen</i>) as a +collar made, or much in fashion, at Pisa. The jazeran armour was +formed of overlapping plates. In the metrical romance of <i>Kyng +Alisaunder</i>, edited by Webber, occur the lines—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<p> “And Indiens, and Emaniens,</p> +<p> With swordes, lances, and <i>pesens.</i>“</p> +</div> +<p>Weber explains the <i>pesens</i> here as gorgets, armour for the +neck.</p> +<p>In more recent MSS. <i>pisan</i> may be a contraction for +<i>partisan</i>, a halberd.</p> +<p>I cannot agree with your correspondent “A.F.” (p.90), that the nine +of diamonds was called “the curse (cross) of Scotland” from its +resemblance to the cross of St. Andrew, which has the form of the +Roman X; whereas the pips on the nine of diamonds are arranged in +the form of the letter H. “Mend the instance.”</p> +<p>Erratum. P. 181 col. 2. line 3., for <i>obscurities</i>, read +<i>obscenities.</i></p> +<p class="place"> +Cambridge, Jan. 31. 1850. +</p> +<p class="author"> +GASTROS. +</p> +<br /> + +<p><i>Pokership—God tempers the Wind</i>.—I am disposed to think that +<i>Parkership</i> will turn out to be the right explanation, because +almost every forest or chase contained a <i>fenced park</i>, in +which the deer were confined; and the charge of the woods and park +might be consigned to the same person; and the error in spelling the +word was probably copied from one genealogist to another.</p> +<p>Nevertheless, Mr. Corney’s conjecture may be right, as Forby +(<i>Vocabulary,</i> vol. ii. p. 258.) mentions Poke-Day as the day +on which the allowance of corn is made to the labourers, <i>who, in +some places, receive a part of their wages in that form.</i> Now the +<i>Pokerer</i> might be the officer who distributed the grain on +these occasions.</p> +<p>I open my note to add, that Mr. Gutch (No. 14. p. 211.) will find, +in Sterne’s <i>Sentimental Journey</i>,—”<i>God tempers the +wind</i>,” said Maria, “to the shorn lamb.”</p> +<p>The words which I have underlined are printed in Italics in my +edition of the work (London, 12mo. 1790), which may indicate that +they are quoted from some other author.</p> +<p class="author"> +BRAYBROOKE. +</p> +<p class="place">Audley End, Feb. 2.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Walewich or Watewich.</i>—I have made the reference suggested by +“W.B.M.”</p> +<p>Canute was residing at Walewich, and the Abbot of Ely was +consecrated there by the Archbishop of Canterbury. This “Walewich” +can be no obscure place, and we need not look for it in +Cambridgeshire.</p> +<p>I am inclined to think that the word ought to have been written +Warewich, <i>i.e.</i> Warwick.</p> + +<p>Soham Mere (Mare de Soham) once covered 1369 1⁄2 +acres.—Lyson’s <i>Cambridge</i>, 254.</p> + +<p>Portum Pusillum, if not Littleport, was a place upon the Cam or the +Ouse, within sight of Ely Minster.</p> + +<p>Does your correspondent suppose that Northmouth was among the fens? +If so, he may consult <i>Inquisitio Eliensis</i>, or Dugdale’s Map +of the Bedford Level, which is in the Museum.</p> + +<p class="author">J.F.M.</p> + +<p class="place">Dec. 22.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Madoc’s Emigration to +America.</i>—”ANGLO-CAMBRIAN” (No. 4. p. 57.), in +contradiction to the occurrence of Madoc’s emigration, has +adduced what he supposes to be a gross anachronism in the words +“Madoc was directed by the <i>best compass</i>, and this in +1170!” Now, unfortunately for this opinion, the passage on +which it is founded will not allow of his interpretation. The +original words are in Sir Thomas Herbert’s <i>Travels</i>, +and, in his expressive language, they are as +follows:—”By Providence, the best compass, and benefit +of the pole-star, he returned safely to his own country.” Most +certainly this cannot imply that Madoc was acquainted with the +mariner’s compass.</p> + +<p>“J.M.T.” also seems to give great weight to the fact of a +“Welsh-Indian vocabulary” having been formed, containing no trace of any Celtic root. This seems conclusive, yet it is not so; for I have some words, extracted from a vocabulary of the Mandan (Indian) +language made by Mr. Catlin, during his sojourn among them, all of +which, with very slight allowance for corruption, are clearly Welsh. +Mr. Catlin believes the Mandans to have been descended from the +followers of Prince Madoc, from the strong evidence which he +considers his stay among them afforded him, and detailed in his work +on the Indians. I regret to add, that the Mandans have been +exterminated by the small-pox and the weapons of their enemies. I +have long taken a deep, because a national, interest in this +question, and have endeavoured to examine in the spirit of that +noble <span class="pagenum"><a id="page237" name="page237"></a>{237}</span>precept, which ought to be bound up with the existence of +every <i>Cymro</i>, “The truth against the world.” Consequently, I +have found that much of what is put forth as evidence on this +question is, as Mr. Corney has very justly intimated, quite +inadmissible; in short, unworthy of belief. Still, the inquiry has +afforded me sufficient reasons for viewing the question of Prince +Madoc’s emigration as a fact, and for supporting it as such as far +as my humble testimony will allow.</p> + +<p class="author"> +GOMER. +</p> +<br /> + +<p><i>Caerphili Castle</i>.—With reference to +“PWCCA’S” query (No. 10. p. 157.), it may be noted +that <i>Full</i> is the Welsh word for “haste,” and, if +the <i>derivatur</i>, must allude to the original structure having +been hastily erected.</p> + +<p class="author">GOMER.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>Origin of word Bug</i>.—I should feel obliged by your informing +me whether the word <i>Bug</i> is not of <i>Celtic</i> origin, +signifying a “<i>Ghost</i> or <i>Goblin</i>?” Vide Shakespeare’s +<i>Taming of the Shrew</i>, Act I. Scene II.:—</p> + +<blockquote>“Tush, tush, fright boys with <i>bugs</i>.” </blockquote> + +<p>And whether, in <i>Mathews’</i> Bible, A.D. 1537, the 5th +verse of the 91st Psalm is not thus rendered:—</p> + +<blockquote> “Thou shalt not need to be afraid of any <i>bugs</i> by night”?</blockquote> + +<p>literally, in the Hebrew, “<i>Terror</i> of the night.”</p> + +<p class="author">J.P.</p> + +<p class="note">[<i>Bug</i> in Welsh means a ghost or goblin. It is +probably the same with the Icelandic <i>Paki</i>, an evil spirit. +But on this etymology our correspondent can consult an article by +Sir F. Palgrave, on the “Popular Mythology of the Middle +Ages.” in the <i>Quarterly Review</i>, vol. xxii.;a paper, by +Mr. Thoms, on the “Folk Lore of Shakspeare,” No. 6.; +“Puck’s several Names,” in <i>The +Athenæum</i>, Oct. 9. 1847; and lastly, Mr. Keightley’s +most interesting work, <i>The Fairy Mythology</i>. vol. ii. p. 118., +of which we are happy to hear that a new and enlarged edition may +shortly be expected.]</p> + +<a name="miscellanies"></a> +<br /> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>MISCELLANIES.</h2> +<br /> +<p><i>Excecution of Duke of Monmouth.</i>—Among the memorials +of the “rash but unfortunate Duke of Monmouth,” which +have recently attracted much attention, and for which the public are +principally indebted to certain inquiries originated in the +“NOTES AND QUERIES,” I have not observed any notice +taken of an anecdote respecting him, which is current among our +neighbours on the Continent; namely, that he gave six guineas to the +executioner, the JOHN KETCH of that day, to perform his work +well!—</p> + +<blockquote> + “Le Duc de Monmout donna six guinées au Bourreau de + Londres, pour lui bien couper la tête; mais le + misérable ne mérroit par ces guinées, + puisqu’il la lui coupa très mal.” +</blockquote> + +<p>This anecdote is introduced, in the form of a note, into the folio +Dictionary of Pierre Richelet, a most valuable work, and full of +history, ancient and modern. Can any of your correspondents produce +the authority for this anecdote? Richelet himself does not give any, +but merely relates the story, apparently with a view of illustrating +the term “guinea,” as applied to the gold coin of Charles the +Second. Vid, voc. “<i>Guinée</i>.”</p> +<p class="author">J.I.</p> +<br /> +<p> +<i>By Hook or by Crook</i>.—I send you a note, which I made some +years ago.</p> +<p>This expression is much more ancient than the time of Charles I., to +which it is generally referred. It occurs in Skelton, <i>Colin +Clout</i>, line 31. <i>a fine</i>:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<p> “Nor wyll suffer this boke</p> +<p> <i>By hooke ne by crooke</i></p> +<p> Prynted for to be.”</p> +</div> + +<p>In Spenser, f. 2. v. ii. 27.:—</p> + +<div class="verse"> + <p>“Thereafter all that mucky pelfe he tooke,</p> + <p> The spoile of peoples evil gotten good,</p> + <p> The which her sire had serap’t by hooke and crooke,</p> + <p> And burning all to ashes pour’d it down the brooke.”</p></div> + +<p>In Holland’s <i>Suetonius</i>, p. 169:—</p> + + <blockquote>“Likewise to get, to pill and poll <i>by hooke + and crooke</i> so much, as that——”</blockquote> +<p>In a letter of Sir Richard Morysin to the Privy +Council, in Lodges <i>Illustrations, &c</i>., i. 154:—</p> +<blockquote> + “Ferrante Gonzaga, d’Arras, and Don + Diego, are in a leage, utterlie bent to myslyke, and to charge <i>by + hook or by crooke</i>, anything don, or to be don, by the thre + fyrst.”</blockquote> + +<p class="author">L.S.</p> +<br /> +<p><i>Cupid Crying</i>.—The beautiful epigram upon this +subject, which appeared in No. 11 p. 172., was kindly quoted, +“for its extreme elegance,” by the <i>Athenæum</i> +of the 26th January, which produced the following communication to +that journal of Saturday last:—</p> + +<blockquote>“Will the correspondent of the ‘NOTES AND +QUERIES,’ whose pretty epigram appears copied into your +<i>Athenæum</i> of Saturday last, accept the following as a +stop-gap pending the discovery of the Latin original? </blockquote> + +<div class="poem"> +<p>“En lacrymosus Amor! Fidem quia perdidit arcum</p> + <p class="i2">Vapulat! Exultans Cælia tela tenet.</p> +<p>Ast illam potuitne Puer donare sagittis?</p> +<p class="i2">Subrisit:—Matrem credidit esse suam.</p> +</div> + +<p class="author" title="Amorphota"> +<i>“Αµορφωτα. 5.</i>”</p> + +<br /> +<p><i>Miry-land Town.</i>—As an addition to the note of +“J.R.F.” (p. 167. No. 11.) on Miry-land Town, and by way +of corroboration of his reading, I may just mention that the towns +and villages in the Weald of Kent are familiarly spoken of as places +“down in the mud,” by the inhabitants of other parts of +the country. Those who are acquainted with the Weald will agree that +this designation is not undeserved.</p> + +<p class="author">HENRY KERSLEY.</p> +<br /> +<a name="booknotes"></a> +<hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page238" name="page238"></a>{238}</span> +<br /> +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3> + +<p>The Surtees Society, for the publication of inedited MSS. +illustrative of the intellectual, moral, religious, and social +condition of those parts of the United Kingdom which constitute the +ancient kingdom of Northumberland, has been remodelled. The +subscription for the year is one guinea, and the works in immediate +preparation are, 1. “The Injunctions and other Ecclesiastical +Proceedings of Richard Barnes, Bishop of Durham (1577-87);” +and, 2. “The Anglo-Saxon Hymnarium.”</p> + +<p>We have great pleasure in directing attention to the <i>Exhibition +of Works of Ancient and Mediæval Art</i> which is to be opened in +the Adelphi next month.</p> + +<p>This is a great opportunity for forming an Exhibition of a novel and +most interesting kind, one which is calculated both to interest and +amuse the archæologist and the public, and to instruct the artizan +and the manufacturer. We sincerely hope possessors of articles +suitable for exhibition, will not fail to take advantage of it. They +should immediately enter into communication with the Honorary +Secretary to the Exhibition, at the rooms of the Society of Arts, or +they will be too late.</p> + +<p>The <i>Gentlemen’s Magazine</i> realizes all our +anticipations. The Reviews are of a very superior order. Justice is +done <i>to</i> as well as <i>upon</i> the authors who have come +under notice, and the original articles are of high value; those +upon the <i>Dea Sequana</i> and the <i>History of Words</i> are +especially worthy of notice. Mr. Waller’s papers upon +<i>Christian Iconography</i> promise to be of the highest value. A +new career of usefulness and honour has been opened up to Sylvanus +Urban, who seems determined to merit the addition lately made to his +title, and to become what is really a desideratum in English +Literature—a good “<i>Historical Review</i>.”</p> + +<p>Messrs. Sotheby and Co. will sell, on Thursday and Friday next, a +very choice Selection of Magnificent Books and Pictorial Works from +the Library of an eminent Collector, including large paper copies of +the Antiquarian Works of Visconti, Montfaucon, &c.; the first four +editions of Shakspeare, and other works of similar high character.</p> + +<p>We have received the following Catalogues:—</p> + +<blockquote> + “Catalogue of most splendid and truly valuable Ancient + Manuscripts upon Vellum and Paper, particularly rich in History + and Topography, Heraldry and County Visitations, Pedigrees and + Family History, Ancient Charters, Royal Grants and other Documents + of peculiar interest to the Antiquary and Historian, on sale by + Thomas Thorpe, 13. Henrietta Street, Covent Garden; and</blockquote> + +<blockquote> + “Bernard Quartch’s Catalogue of Foreign and English + Books, selling for Cash at very reduced Prices, at 16. Castle + Street, Leicester Square; comprising Antiquities, History, + Heraldry, Numismatics, Classics, Ethnology, Languages, + &c.</blockquote> +<br /> +<a name="wanted"></a> +<hr /> + +<br /> +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3> +<h4>WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h4> + +<p class="centre">(<i>In continuation of Lists in Former Nos</i>.)</p> + +<p>ALANI OPERA. Edit. C. DE NISCH. Antwerp, 1654.</p> + +<p>CLICHTORÆUS, ELUCIDATORIUM ECCLESIASTICUM. Paris, 1556.</p> + +<p>CORNER, PROMPTUARIUM DEVOTIONIS. Vienna, 1672.</p> +<br /> +<p class="centre"><i>Odd Volumes</i>.</p> + +<p>AMES AND HERBERT’S TYPOGRAPHICAL ANTIQUITIES. By DIBDIN. +Vol. I.</p> + +<p class="note">*<sub>*</sub>* Letters stating particulars and lowest price, +<i>carriage free</i>, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of +“NOTES AND QUERIES,” 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<br /> +<a name="notices"></a> +<hr /> +<br /> +<h3>NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.</h3> + +<p>R.J.S. <i>will find in</i> No. 12. p. 188., <i>an answer to his +query in reply to a previous query in</i> No. 8. p. 125.</p> + +<p>F.D. (BRADFORD) <i>is informed that the</i> Towneley Mysteries +<i>have been printed by the Surtees Society, and the</i> Coventry +<i>and</i> Chester Mysteries <i>by the Shakspeare Society. We have +no doubt the</i> Collection of Early Mysteries, <i>printed at Basle, +may be procured from any of the foreign booksellers</i>.</p> + +<p>W. <i>calls our attention to an error in p. 217</i>. The Field of +Forty Foot-steps<i> is a distinct work by Miss Porter, published in +the same collection as</i> “Coming Out,”<i> but not the +second title of that work.</i></p> + +<p>J.K.R.W. <i>Many thanks, although there has not been an +opportunity of using the communications.</i></p> + +<p>G.W. <i>will find the phrase “to dine with Duke +Humphrey” very fully illustrated in Nares</i>.</p> + +<p><i>We are compelled, by want of space, to omit our usual +acknowledgment of</i> COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED.</p> + +<p><i>We are again compelled to omit many Notes, Queries, and +Answers to Queries which are in type, as well as Answers to +Correspondents</i>.</p> +<br /> +<a name="adv"></a> +<hr class="adverts" /> +<br /> +<p>Uniform with “HALLAM’S LITERATURE OF EUROPE.”</p> +<p>Now ready, in 3 vols. 8vo. 42<i>s</i>.</p> +<p>A HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. With Criticism on particular Works, +and Biographical Notices of Prominent Writers. By GEORGE TICKNOR, +Esq.</p> +<p class="centre">JOHN Murray, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p>NEW WORK BY LORD LINDSAY.</p> + +<p>This day is published. 3vols. 8vo. 42<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p>LIVES OF THE LINDSAYS; or, a Memoir of the HOUSES OF CRAWFORD AND +BALCARRES. By LORD LINDSAY.</p> + +<p>Also, by the same Author. 3 vols. 8vo. 31<i>s</i>. 6d.</p> + +<p>SKETCHES of the HISTORY of CHRISTIAN ART.</p> + +<p class="centre">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="adverts" /> + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page239" name="page239"></a>{239}</span> + +<p class="centre">On the 15th of February will be published, No. II., for 1850, of</p> + +<h3>JOHN MILLER’S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW,</h3> + +<p class="centre">On sale at 43, Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square, +to be had gratis, and sent (if required) postage free to any +Book-buyer. The prices are for ready money only.</p> + +<p>It will contain, amongst other subjects, a large collection of +Books on HERALDRY, GENEALOGY, and FAMILY HISTORY, a few Books on +ANGLING, some early ENGLISH DICTIONARIES, Books of POETRY, HISTORY, +TOPOGRAPHY, and ENGRAVINGS, with various works in other interesting +departments of Miscellaneous Literature.</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>A CHRONICLE OF THE KYNGES OF ENGELONDE, from ye Normane Conqueste to +the reygne of our Soveragne Ladie Elizabethe, wythe a summarie +accounte of eache reygne, by G.C.L. A MANUSCRIPT of the last +century, in 4to., calf, very neat, 37 full-length portraits, +water-colour drawings, curiously emblazoned in gold and colours, +with the Arms and Insignia of each Monarch, and numerous other +devices, ornaments and borders, from the library of Sir Gore Ousely, +with a portrait apparently of the executor. 3<i>l</i>. 3<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p>ANNALS OF THE CALEDONIANS, PICTS, AND SCOTS, and of Strathclyde, +Cumberland, Galloway, and Murray, by J. RITSON, Esq. 2 vols cr. 8vo. +Half-bound morocco, extra marble edges, 8<i>s</i>. 6d. 1828.</p> + +<p>BETHAMS (W.) BARONETAGE OF ENGLAND, or the History of the English +Baronets, and such Baronets of Scotland as are of English Families. +5 vols. 4to. Half-calf, neat, with Genealogical Tables, and +Engravings of Armorial Bearings, 1<i>l</i>. 10<i>s</i>. 1801-1808.</p> + +<p>BUCKINGHAM’S ORIENTAL HERALD AND COLONIAL REVIEW, +comprising a Mass of Valuable Writings on the Colonies and their +Government. Complete in 23 vols. 8vo. Half-calf, very neat. 1<i>l</i>. 10<i>s</i>. +1824-1829.</p> + +<p>BUCKINGHAM’S (J.S.) TRAVELS AMONG THE ARAB TRIBES in +Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Assyria, Media, and Persia. 3 vols. 4to., +not uniform in binding. Maps, Portrait, and upwards of 80 +Illustrations, 1<i>l</i>. 17<i>s</i>. 1825-1829.</p> + +<p>BYRON’S (LORD) LETTERS AND JOURNALS, with Notices of his +Life, by THOMAS MOORE. 3 vols. 8vo., illustrated with 41 Engravings +by the Findens, from Designs by Turner, Stanfield, &c., +elegantly half-bound morocco, marbled edges, in the best style, by +Hayday, 1<i>l</i>. 8<i>s</i>. 1813.</p> + +<p>DALLAWAY’S INQUIRY INTO THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF HERALDRY IN +ENGLAND. Royal 4to., coloured plates, calf, very neat, 16<i>s</i>. +Gloucester, 1793.</p> + +<p>THE EDINBURGH REVIEW, from its Commencement in 1802 to the Year +1824, forming a valuable Series of the Journal. 40 vols. in 20. +8vo., nearly half-bound in russia, only 2<i>l</i>. 12<i>s</i>. 6d. 1802-1824</p> + +<p>FRERON L’ANNE LITTERAIRE, from 1754 to 1777, wanting a few +intermediate Volumes. 166 vols. 12mo., calf, neat, 2<i>l</i>. 2<i>s</i>. +1754-1777.</p> + +<p>GALLERY OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN PORTRAITS, with Memoirs by various +distinguished Writers. 7 vols. imp. 8vo. cloth, uncut, top edges +gilt. 168 fine Portraits. An early copy. 3<i>l</i>. 13<i>s</i>. 6d.</p> + +<p>GIUSTINIAN (BERNARD) HISTORIE CHRONOLOGICHE DEL L’ORIGINR +DEGL’ ORDINI MILITARI E DI TUTTE LE RELIGIONI CARVALLE RESCHE +INFINO AD HORA INSTITUITE NEL MONDO. 2 vols. royal 4 to. Illustrated +with 30 fine full-length Engravings of the Costumes, &c. of the +various Orders of Knighthood in the World, with numerous other +Illustrations, 1<i>l</i>. 11<i>s</i>. 6d. Venezen, 1692.</p> + +<p>JOURNAL OF THE LONDON GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, from its +Commencement. 12 vols. 8vo. half-calf, gilt, Maps, &c. 3<i>l</i>. +3<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p>LINGARD’S (JOHN, D.D.) HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the First +Invasion of the Romans. 13 vols. fcap. 8vo. Vignette title-pages. +1<i>l</i>. 18<i>s</i>. 1837. &c.</p> + +<p>LADIES’ MONTHLY MUSEUM; OR POLITE REPOSITORY OF AMUSEMENT +AND INSTRUCTION: from its Commencement. 19 vols. 12mo. half-bound, +uncut; profusely illustrated with Portraits of celebrated Females, +and an extensive variety of coloured Costumes. 1<i>l</i>. 5<i>s</i>. +1799-1807.</p> + +<p>THE LITERARY GAZETTE, a JOURNAL OF BELLES LETTRES, FINE ARTS, and +SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION, from its Commencement in 1817 to the Year +1844, inclusive. 24 vols. 4to. half-calf, neat, and uniform. 3<i>l</i>. +18<i>s</i>. 1817-1844.</p> + +<p>A clean, handsomely bound copy of this valuable repertory of +literary, scientific, and fine art information during the last +quarter of a century.</p> + +<p>PALEY, (W.) D.D., THE ENTIRE WORKS OF, With a BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH of +the AUTHOR By the Rev. D.S. WAYLAND, 5 vols. 8vo. Half calf, extra +marble edges; fine Portrait. New and neat. Only 1<i>l</i>. 2<i>s</i>. 1837.</p> + +<p>PORTRAITS OF THE PRINCES AND PEOPLE OF INDIA. By the Hon. Miss EDEN. +Drawn on Stone by L. DICKENSON. Folio Half-bound; morocco. 24 fine +Engravings. 1<i>l</i>. 5<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p>PUNCH, OR THE LONDON CHARIVARI, from the Commencement to June, 1849. +16 vols. Complete in 8 thick 4to. vols., half-bound calf, gilt, many +thousand Engravings, only 4<i>l</i>. 4<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p>SHAKESPEARE ALBUM; a Series of One Hundred and Seventy +Illustrations from the Plates to Boydell’s Edition of +Shakespeare, as published to the Edition edited by Valpy. Fcap. +8vo., cloth, gilt, 12<i>s</i>. 6d; or elegantly bound in morocco, gilt +edges, richly tooled back and sides, 16<i>s</i>. 1831.—But a very +small number of copies were printed for sale in this form.</p> + +<p>SHIRLEY, JAMES, THE DRAMATIC WORKS AND POEMS OF. now first +collected, with Notes by GIFFORD, and an Account of his Life by the +Rev. ALEX. DYER. 6 vols. 8vo., half-bound morocco, marble edges, +fine Portraits, 1<i>l</i>. 16<i>s</i>. 1833.</p> + +<p>TRIALS:—An extensive Collection of State Trials, in 5 vols. +folio, calf, very neat, 1<i>l</i>. 8<i>s</i>. 1719, &c.</p> + +<p>TYPOGRAPHIA, OR THE PRINTER’S INSTRUCTOR, including an +Account of the Origin of Printing, by J. JOHNSON. 2 very thick vols. +24mo., upward of 1500 pages of Letter-press, profusely illustrated +and ornamented with borders. Woodcuts, &c., the most perfect +Typographical work published. Only 3<i>s</i>. 6d.—J.M. is enabled to +offer this work at a price that must place it in the hands of every +printer’s apprentice, as well as the lover of books.</p> + +<hr /> +<p class="centre">JOHN MILLER, 43. Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square.</p> + +<hr class="adverts" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page240" name="page240"></a>{240}</span> + +<h3>EXHIBITION OF WORKS OF ANCIENT AND MEDIÆVAL ART.</h3> + +<h4>COMMITTEE.</h4> + +<div class="centre"> +<ul> + <li><b>PRESIDENT AND CHAIRMAN,</b></li> + <li>H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT, K.G., F.R.S., F.S.A.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li><b>VICE-PRESIDENTS.</b></li> + <li>THE EARL OF ENNISKILLEN.</li> + <li>RIGHT HON. SIDNEY HERBERT, M.P.</li> + <li>SIR JOHN P. BOILEAU, Bart., F.R.S.</li> + <li>HENRY THOMAS HOPE, Esq. M.P.</li> +</ul> +</div> + +<table class="adverts" summary=""> +<tr> +<td> +<ul> + <li>The Duke of Northumberland, F.R.S., F.S.A.</li> + <li>The Marquis of Northampton, M.A.</li> + <li>The Earl of Jersey. </li> + <li>The Earl of Ellesmere, F.S.A. </li> + <li>The Bishop of Oxford, F.R.S., V.P.S.A. </li> + <li>Lord Albert Denison, M.P., K.C.H., F.S.A. </li> + <li>Hon. Robert Curzon, Jun. </li> + <li>Hon. James Talbot, M.R.I.A. </li> + <li>Sir Philip de Malpas Grey-Edgerton, Bart., M.P., F.R.S.</li> + <li>The Very Rev. the Dean of Westminster, F.R.S. </li> + <li>J.Y. Akerman, Esq., Sec S.A. </li> + <li>Beriah Botfield, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A. </li> + <li>John Bruce, Esq., Trea. S.A. </li> + <li>Henry Cole, Esq. </li> + <li>J. Payne Collier, Esq., V.P.S.A. </li> + <li>William R. Drake, Esq., F.S.A. </li> + <li>Henry Farrer, Esq. </li> + <li>Augustus W. Franks, Esq., B.A., Hon. Sec.</li> +</ul> +</td> +<td> +<ul> + <li>Peter le Neve Foster, Esq., M.A. </li> + <li>Edward Hallstone, Esq., F.S.A.</li> + <li>M. Rohde Hawkins, Esq.</li> + <li>Rev. Joseph Hunter, F.S.A.</li> + <li>H. Bowyer Lane, Esq.</li> + <li>Hollingsworth Magniae, Esq.</li> + <li>Octavius S. Morgan, Esq., M.P., F.S.A.</li> + <li>Frederic Ouvry, Esq., F.S.A.</li> + <li>James Robinson Planché, Esq., F.S.A.</li> + <li>Samuel Redgrave, Esq.</li> + <li>Henry Shaw, Esq., F.S.A.</li> + <li>Edward Smirke, Esq., F.S.A.</li> + <li>C. Roach Smith, Esq., F.S.A.</li> + <li>Captain W.H. Smyth, R.N., F.R.S., Dir. S.A.</li> + <li>William J. Thoms, Esq., F.S.A.</li> + <li>William Tite, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A.</li> + <li>John Webb, Esq.</li> +</ul> +</td> +</tr> + +</table> + +<p>The above COMMITTEE has been formed for the purpose of organising an +EXHIBITION OF WORKS OF ANCIENT AND MEDIÆVAL ART. The SOCIETY OF ARTS +having considered that such an Exhibition is not only likely to be +interesting to the public, but also to be especially useful to +Manufacturers (with reference to the Exhibition of Works of Industry +of all Nations to be held in the year 1851), have placed a portion +of their Rooms at the disposal of the Committee, and have agreed to +adopt the Exhibition as part of that annually made by the Society, +thereby taking all the expenses connected with it upon themselves. +The Committee, regarding the Exhibition in the twofold character +contemplated by the Society of Arts, have resolved that the objects +of ancient and mediæval art of which the Exhibition is to be +composed, shall, as far as possible, be selected with reference to +their beauty and the practical illustration which they are likely to +afford of processes of manufacture; and now beg to invite the +possessors of Works deemed suitable for such an exhibition to assist +the Committee in their very important office, by entering into +communication with them, respecting the nature of any objects which +they may be willing to offer for exhibition.</p> +<p>It is requested that all Works proposed for exhibition be punctually +sent to the Rooms of the SOCIETY OF ARTS, John Street, Adelphi, on +or before the 20th of February, it being imperative that the +Exhibition should open in early March.</p> +<p>Letters and Communications should be addressed to AUGUSTUS W. +FRANKS, Esq. Honorary Secretary to the Committee, Society of Arts, +John Street, Adelphi.</p> +<p class="centre">By order of the Committee</p> +<p class="author">AUGUSTUS W. FRANKS</p> +<p class="author">Hon. Sec.</p> + +<hr class="adverts" /> + +<h3>RECENT POPULAR WORKS</h3> + +<ul> + <li>I.</li> + <li>4TH EDIT. LAYARD’S NARRATIVE. Plates, 2 vols. 8vo. 36<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> +<ul> + <li>II.</li> + <li>3RD EDIT. CURZON’S MONASTERIES of the LEVANT. Woodcuts. Post 8vo. 15<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> +<ul> + <li>III.</li> + <li>3RD EDIT. SIR FOWELL BUXTON’S MEMOIRS. Post 8vo. 8<i>s</i>. 6d.</li> +</ul> +<ul> + <li>IV. </li> + <li>2ND EDIT. SIR C. LYELL’S 2ND VISIT to the U. STATES 2 vols. post 8vo. 18<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> +<ul> + <li>V.</li> + <li>2ND EDIT. ARCHDEACON WILBERFORCE on BAPTISM. 8vo. 7<i>s</i>. 6d.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>VI. </li> + <li>2ND EDIT. DR. FORBES’ PHYSICIAN’S HOLIDAY. Plates. Post 8vo. Next week.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>VII.</li> + <li>3RD EDIT. IRVING’S LIFE OF COLUMBUS. Maps. 3 vols. 8vo. 31<i>s</i>. 6d.</li> + +</ul> +<ul> + <li>VIII.</li> + <li>2ND EDIT. SOMERVILLE’S PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 2 vols. fcap. 8vo. 12<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>IX.</li> + <li>4TH EDIT. RUXTON’S ADVENTURES in MEXICO. Post 8vo. 6<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>X.</li> + <li>3RD EDIT. IRVING’S LIFE OF GOLDSMITH. Post 8vo. 6<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>XI.</li> + <li>2ND EDIT. PAGET’S HUNGARY. 2 vols. 8vo. 24<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>XII.</li> + <li>4TH EDIT. MELVILLE’S MARQUESAS. 2 vols. Post 8vo. 12<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>XIII.</li> + <li>3RD EDIT. CROKER’S BOSWELL’S JOHNSON. Portraits. 1</li> + <li>vol. 8vo. 18<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> +<ul> + <li>XIV.</li> + <li>2ND + EDIT. GLEIG’S LIFE OF MUNRO. Post 8vo. 6<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>XV.</li> + <li>2ND EDIT. THE PRAYER BOOK ILLUSTRATED. Medium 8vo. 21<i>s</i>. Antique binding.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>XVI.</li> + <li>2ND EDIT. MANTEL ON THE INVISIBLE WORLD. Plates. 16mo. 6<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> + +<ul> + <li>XVII.</li> + <li>3RD EDIT. THE ARABIAN NIGHTS, ILLUSTRATED. 3 vols. Post 8vo. 18<i>s</i>.</li> +</ul> + + + <p>JOHN MURRAY: Albemarle Street.</p> + + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p>Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. +New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; +and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish +of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. +186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, February 9. 1850.</p> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries 1850.02.09, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES 1850.02.09 *** + +***** This file should be named 11929-h.htm or 11929-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/9/2/11929/ + +Produced by Jon Ingram, Susan Lucy and PG Distributed Proofreaders. +Produced from images provided by The Internet Library of Early +Journals. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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For +example an eBook of filename 10234 would be found at: + + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/2/3/10234 + +or filename 24689 would be found at: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/6/8/24689 + +An alternative method of locating eBooks: + https://www.gutenberg.org/GUTINDEX.ALL + + + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> + + diff --git a/old/11929.txt b/old/11929.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a0cbee8 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/11929.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2551 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries 1850.02.09, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries 1850.02.09 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: April 7, 2004 [EBook #11929] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES 1850.02.09 *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, Susan Lucy and PG Distributed Proofreaders. +Produced from images provided by The Internet Library of Early +Journals. + + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +NO. 15] +SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1850. +[Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d. + + * * * * * {225} + + +CONTENTS. + +NOTES:-- Page + Wages in 17th and 19th centuries, by Rev. L.B. Larking ..225 + Marlowe and the old Taming of a Shrew, by S. Hickson ....226 + Notes from Fly-Leaves, No. 6., by Rev. J. Jebb ..........227 + Shakspeare's Use of Monosyllables, by C. Forbes .........227 + Notes on Cunningham's London, by E.F. Rimbault ..........228 + +QUERIES:-- + Folk Lore (Metrical Charms), by William J. Thoms ........229 + Allusions in the Homilies ...............................229 + Minor Queries:--Pope's Translations of + Horace-- + Havior--Arabic Numerals--Eaton's Edward III.-- + Dog Latin--Cuckoo, Welsh Ambassador--A recent + Novel--Authorship of a couplet--Seal of Killigrew .....230 + +REPLIES:-- + Selago and Samolus ......................................231 + AElfric's Colloquy, by B. Thorpe .........................232 + Portraits of Luther and Erasmus .........................232 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Praise undeserved--French + Maxim--Singular Motto--Discurs, Modest.--Pallace + --Litany Version of the Psalms--Tempora Mutantur, + &c.--Pandoxare--St. Thomas of Lancaster--Fall of + Rain in England--Judas Bell--Boduc on British + Coins--Lord Bacon's Version of the Psalms--A + "Gib" Cat--Lay of the Phoenix, &c. ....................233 + +MISCELLANIES:-- + Execution of Duke of Monmouth--By Hook or by Crook + --Cupid Crying--Miry-land Town ..........................237 + +MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. ..................238 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted ............................238 + Notices to Correspondents ...............................238 + Advertisements ..........................................238 + + * * * * * + + +WAGES IN 17TH AND 19TH CENTURIES. + +Running my eye accidentally through the household book of Sir Roger +Twysden, from 1659 to 1670, it occurred to me to make a comparison +between the relative prices of meat and wages, as there given, in +order to ascertain the position of our peasantry in these parts, at +the close of the 17th century. I send you a few extracts, by which +it will be seen that, in Kent, at least, our agricultural labourers +appear to have been in far better condition than those of the rest +of England, who, in Mr. Macaulay's brilliant work, are represented +as living "almost entirely on rye, barley, and oats," owing to the +exorbitantly high price of meat, as compared with the ordinary scale +of wages. + +As to meat, I find the following entries:-- + + "1659. Beef + 2s. and 1s. 8d. per stone. + a loin of mutton 1s. 6d. + 1662. Beef 2s. per stone. + a shin of beef 1s. 10d. + a loin of veal 3s. 4d. + a calve's head 1s. 2d. + a quarter of mutton 4s. 4d. and 5s. + a side of mutton 9s. + 1664. 8 quarters of mutton 32s. + 1 quarter of do. 4s. + 6 stone of beef 10s. 4d. + 1666. 6 stone of beef 10s. 4d. + a fat weather 12s. 8d. + 32 fat weathers 19l. + 1667. 10 stone of beef and 2 lb. of suet 18s. + 22 stone of beef 2l. + 23 stone of beef 2l. 3s. + a chine and a quarter of veal 8s. + 1670. A chine and a quarter of mutton 5s. + a quarter of lamb 2s. 6d." + +Through this period we have:-- + + "Cheese per load, _i.e._ 56 lb., at 14s., 11s., 10s., 4d., + 9s. 6d." + +The wages of labourers through the same period are entered:-- + + "Sawyer 2s. 6d. per hundred. + a farm carpenter 1s. 6d. per day. + or, 'I finding him,' 1s. per day. + common labourers, generally 1s. per \ + day; sometimes, but less frequently, > in 1849, 2s. + 9d. per day / + threshing wheat, 16d. per quarter in 1849, 3s. + mowing, from 1s. to 1s. 8d. per acre in 1849, 3s. 6d. + mowing oats, 1s. 3d. per acre in 1849, 2s. 6d. + mowing clover, 1s. 6d. per acre in 1849, 2s. 6d. + hayers, 2s. and 2s. 6d. per week in 1849, 6s. + reaping, 2s. per acre in 1849, 10s. to 14s. + sheep shearing, 1s. per score in 1849, 2s. 6d. + hedging 2-1/2d. per rod in 1849, 4d. + hoeing, 6d. per acre in 1849, 4s. + women 8d. per day in 1849, 1s., and 1s. 4d. + boys, 4d. per day in 1849, 6d. and 3d. + making faggots, 18d. and 20d. per hundred; in 1849, 3s." + +A reference to the household-books of the Derings, in East Kent, +gives the same results. + +The wages given by Sir Roger Twysden to his household servants at +this time were:-- + + "Housekeeper 5l. per annum. + maids 2l. 10s. and 3l. + men 5l. 10s., 5l. and 4l." + +{226}I have added, in most instances, the prices now paid to +labourers in these parts, having obtained my information from the +farmers of the neighbourhood. + +The price of butchers' meat at present, in this neighbourhood, is +from 6d. to 7 1/2d. per lb.; by wholesale, 3s. 6d. or 3s. 8d. per +stone. + +As far, then, as the relative prices of wages and meat can guide us, +the labourer, in these parts, was as well able to purchase meat in +1670 as he is now. + +Unhappily for him, the imprudence of early marriage entailing upon +him the charge of a family, he is precluded from the indulgence in +fresh meat, except as an occasional treat. Cheese and bacon, +however, are still within his reach. The improvidence of early +marriage rarely occurred in former days, and palpably, if our +Kentish labourers lived _entirely_ on oats and rye, it was not +of _necessity_ that they did so. I am inclined to think that, +in many of the instances given above, especially in haying and +harvest, provisions of some sort were found by the employer, over +and above the wages. When I have more leisure, I will endeavour to +obtain correct information on this point; and meanwhile, send you +the entries just as I find them. I observe an entry of "peas to boil +for the men." They had porridge then, at all events, in addition to +their wages; and these wages, if they had so chosen, could further +have purchased them meat, quite as well as at the present day; +though, alas for our poor peasantry, this is not saying much for +them; and even of that little smack of meat they will soon be +debarred, if the present system--but I am intruding on sacred +ground, and must leave the poor fellows to their hard work and +scanty meals. + +LAMBERT B. LARKING. + + * * * * * + + +MARLOWE AND THE OLD "TAMING OF A SHREW." + +I regret that my communication (No. 13. p. 194.), on the subject of +the authorship of _The Taming of a Shrew_, was too late to be +of any avail for the already-published new edition of Marlowe's +works; and, had I been aware of such being the case, I should have +waited until I had had an opportunity of seeing a work whose editor +may entertain views in ignorance of which, to my disadvantage, I am +still writing. It is, perhaps, a still greater disadvantage that I +should appear to depend for proofs upon a bare enumeration of +parallel passages; when I know that the space I should require for +the purposes of stating the case fully and fairly, and, as I think, +conclusively, would be utterly inconsistent with that brevity which +must be with you an essential condition; while, at the same time, I +know of no medium through which I am so likely to enlist the +attention of a "fit audience" as your publication. Premising that my +references are to _The Taming of a Shrew_ in "Six Old Plays," +1799, and to Marlowe's Works, edit. 1826, I proceed to indicate such +passages as a rapid glance through the respective works, aided by +some previous acquaintance with the subject, and a not very bad +memory, furnished. Some of the parallels will be found identical; in +others, the metaphors will be found to be the same, with the +expression more or less varied; and in others, again, particular +expressions are the same, though the tenor of the phrase be +different. It will be observed that the quotations of Marlowe are +exclusively from _Dr. Faustus_ and _Tamburlaine_. Of the +longer passages I have given merely the first line for reference; +and I have numbered them for the convenience of comparison:-- + +THE TAMING OF A SHREW. + +(1) "Now that the gloomy shadow of the night," &c. p. 161. + +(2) "But stay, what dames are these, so bright of hue," &c. p. 167. + +(3) "O, might I see the censer of my soule." &c. p.169. + +(4) "Come, fair Emelia, my lovely love," &c. p. 180. + "Valeria, attend, I have a lovely love," &c. p. 191. + "And all that pierceth Phoebus' silver eye," &c. p. 181. + "Fair Emelia, summer's bright sun queen," &c. p.199. + +(5) "I fill'd my coffers of the wealthy mines," &c. p.181. + +(6) "As richly wrought + As was the massy robe that late adorn'd + The stately legate of the Persian king," p.183. + +(7) "_Boy_. Come hither, sirha boy. + _Sander_. Boy, O, disgrace to my person!" &c. p.184. + + +MARLOWE. + +(1) "Now that the gloomy shadow of the night," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p.127. + +(2) "Zenocrate, the loveliest maid alive," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.46. + +(3) "Whose darts do pierce the centre of my soul," &c. + --_Tamb._ vol. i. p.120. + + "Was this the face that launch'd a thousand ships," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p.192. + +(4) "Now bright Zenocrate, the world's fair eye," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.102 + + "Batter the shining palace of the sun," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.120 + + "A greater lamp than that bright eye of heaven," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.154. + + --"the golden eye of heaven." + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.155. + + "Wherein are rocks of pearl that shine as bright," &c. + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.177. + +(5) "I'll have them fly to India for gold," &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii. p. 123. + +(6) "And show your pleasure to the Persian + As fits the legate of the stately Turk." + --_Tamb_. vol. i. p.87. +{226} + +(7) "_Wagner_. Come hither, sirha! Boy! + _Clown_. Boy! O disgrace to my person!" &c. + --_Faustus_, vol. ii, p. 131. + +Leaving the question in this position for the present, I shall be +glad of such information from any of your readers as may tend to +throw a light on the date of Shakspeare's _Taming of the +Shrew_. I find Mr. Collier's opinion expressed in the following +words:-- + + "The great probability is that _Hamlet_ was written + at the earliest in 1601, and the _Taming of the Shrew_ + perhaps came from the pen of its author not very long afterwards." + +I am anxious to ascertain whether I am acquainted with all the +circumstances on which the above opinion is founded; as those which +I can, at this moment, recall, are to my mind hardly sufficiently +conclusive. Rejecting the supposed allusion to Heywood's _Woman +Kill'd with Kindness_, which I see, by a note, Mr. Collier gives +up as untenable ground, the facts, I believe, remain as follows:-- + +First: _The Taming of the Shrew_ was not mentioned by Meres in +1598, whereupon it is assumed that "had it been written, he could +scarcely have failed to mention it." And, + +Second: it must have been written after _Hamlet_, because the +name Baptista, used incorrectly in that play as a feminine name, is +properly applied to a man in this. And these, I believe, are all. +Now, the first of these assumptions I answer, by asking, "Does it +follow?" Of all Shakspeare's plays which had then appeared, only +three had been published before 1598, and not one comedy. Meres, in +all probability, had no list to refer to, nor was he making one: he +simply adduced, in evidence of his assertion of Shakspeare's +excellence, both in tragedy and comedy, such plays of both kinds as +he _could_ recollect, or the best of those which he _did_ +recollect. Let us put the case home; not in reference to any modern +dramatist (though Shakspeare in his own day was not the great +exception that he stands with us), but to the world-honoured poet +himself, who has founded a sort of religion in us: I, for my part, +would not be bound not to omit, in a hasty enumeration, and having +no books to refer to, more important works than the _Taming of the +Shrew_. In short, the omission by Meres proves no more than that +he either did not think of the play, or did not think it necessary +to mention it. To the second assumption, I answer that the date of +the _first Hamlet_ is "not proven:" it may have been an early +play. From the play of _Hamlet_, in its earlier form, is the +name Baptiste, where it is used in conjunction with Albertus, taken; +the scene mentioned is Guiana; and there is nothing to lead one to +suppose that the name is used as an Italian name at all. Both the +date of _Hamlet_, therefore, and--whichever way decided--the +conclusion drawn from the supposed mistake, I regard as open +questions. There is yet another circumstance which Mr. Collier +thinks may strengthen his conclusion with regard to the date of this +play. He refers to the production of Dekker's _Medicine for a +Curst Wife_, which he thinks was a revival of the old _Taming +of a Shrew_, brought out as a rival to Shakspeare's play. This is +easily answered. In the first place, Katharine, the Shrew, is not a +"curst wife:" she becomes a wife, it is true, in the course of the +play; but this is a part of the process of taming her. But what +seems at once to disprove it is, that, according to Henslow's +account, Dekker was paid 10_l_. 10_s_. for the piece in +question; as Mr. Collier observes, an "unusually large sum" for a +new piece, and not likely to be paid for the bashing up of an old +one. I am thus left entirely without a clue, derivable from external +evidence, to the date of this play; and shall be glad to know if +there is any thing, throwing light upon the point, which I may have +overlooked. That more important consequences are involved in this +question than appear upon the face of it, I think I shall be able to +show in a future communication; and this is my excuse for +trespassing so much upon your space and your readers' patience. + +SAMUEL HICKSON. + +St. John's Wood, Jan. 26. 1850. + + * * * * * + + +NOTES FROM FLY-LEAVES, NO. 6. + +In a copy of Burnet's _Telluris Theoria Sacra_ (in Latin), +containing only the two first books (1 vol. 4to., Lond. 1689), there +is the following entry in Bishop Jebb's hand-writing:-- + + "From the internal evidence, not only of additional matter + in the margin of this copy, but of frequent erasures and + substitutions, I was led to suppose it was the author's copy, + illustrated by his own annotations and improvements. The + supposition is, perhaps, sufficiently corroborated by the + following extract from the _Biographia Britannica_, + vol. iii. p. 18. + + "'It seems it was usual with Dr. Burnet, before he published + any thing in Latin, to have two or three copies, and no more, + printed off, which he kept by him for some time, in order to + revise at leisure what he had written _currente calamo_, + and sometimes, when he thought proper, to be communicated to + his particular friends for their opinions, &c.' + + "This copy, as it does not differ from any of the editions of + 1689, was certainly not one of those _proofs_. But the + Doctor's habit of annotating on his own Latin books after they + were printed, renders it extremely probable that this book was + a preparation for a new edition. It would be well to compare it + with the English translation." + +The nature of many of the corrections and additions (which are very +numerous), evidently shows a preparation for the press. I have +compared this copy with the English edition, published in the same +year, and find that some of the {228}corrections were adopted; this, +however, but in a few instances, while in one, to be mentioned +presently, a palpable mistake, corrected in the MS. Latin notes, +stands in the translation. The English version differs very +materially from the Latin. The author says in his Preface:-- + + "This English version is the same in substance with the + Latin, though I confess, 'tis not so properly a translation, + as a new composition upon the same ground, there being + several additional chapters in it, and several new moulded." + +The following are examples of corrections being adopted: P. 6. Latin +ed. "Quod abunde probabitur in principio libri secundi." For the +last word _subsequentis_ is substituted, and the English has +_following_. P. 35. "Hippolitus" is added to the authorities in +the MS.; and in the English, p. 36., "Anastasius Sinaiti, S. +Gaudentius, Q. Julius Hilarius, Isidorus Hispalensis, and +Cassiodorus," are inserted after Lactantius, in both. P. 37. +"Johannes Damascenus" is added after St. Augustin in both. P. 180. a +clause is added which seems to have suggested the sentence +beginning, "Thus we have discharged our promise," &c. But, on the +other hand, in p. 8. the allusion to the "Orphics," which is struck +out in the Latin, is retained in the English; and in the latter +there is no notice taken of "Empedocles," which is inserted in the +margin of the Latin. In p. 11. "Ratio naturalis" is personified, and +governs the verb _vidit_, which is repeated several times. This +is changed by the corrector into vidimus; but in the English +passage, though varying much from the Latin, the personification is +retained. In p. 58., "Dion Cassius" is corrected to "Xiphilinus;" +but the mistake is preserved in the English version. + +JOHN JEBB. + + * * * * * + + +SHAKSPEARE'S EMPLOYMENT OF MONOSYLLABLES. + +I offer the following flim-flam to the examination of your readers, +all of whom are, I presume, more or less, readers of Shakspeare, and +far better qualified than I am to "anatomize" his writings, and "see +what bred about his heart." + +I start with the proposition that the language of passion is almost +invariably broken and abrupt, and the deduction that I wish to draw +from this proposition, and the passages that I am about to quote is, +that--_Shakspeare on more than one occasion advisedly used +monosyllables, and monosyllables only, when he wished to express +violent and overwhelming mental emotion_, ex. gratia:-- + + + _Lear._ "Thou know'st the first time that we smell the air, + We wawl, and cry:--I will preach to thee; mark me. + + [_Gloster._ "Alack! alack the day!] + + _Lear._ "When we are born, we cry, that we are come + To this great stage of fools,--This a good block?" + --_King Lear_, Act IV. Sc. 6. + +In this passage [I bracket Gloster] we find no fewer than +_forty-two monosyllables_ following each other consecutively. +Again, + + + "------but through his lips do throng + Weak words, so thick come, in his poor heart's aid, + That no man could _distinguish_ what he said." + _Rape of Lucreece_, Stanza 255. + +After I had kept this among other flim-flams for more than a year in +my note-book, I submitted it in a letter to the examination of a +friend; his answer was as follows:--"Your canon is ingenious, +especially in the line taken from the sonnet. I doubt it however, +much, and rather believe that sound is often sympathetically, and as +it were unconsciously, adapted to sense. Moreover, monosyllables are +redundant in our tongue, as you will see in the scene you quote. In +_King John_, Act III. Sc. 3., where the King is _pausing_ +in his wish to incense Hubert to Arthur's murder, he says:-- + + 'Good friend, though hast no cause to say so yet: + But thou shall have; and creep time ne'er so slow, + Yet it shall come, for me to do thee good. + I had a thing to say,--But let it go:'-- + +forty monosyllables." + + + "Credimus? an qui amant ipsi sibi somnia fingunt." + +The very passage he quoted seemed, to my eyes, rather a +_corroboration_ of the theory, than an _argument against +it_! I might, I think, have quoted the remainder of Lear's speech +ending with the words "Kill, kill, kill, kill, kill, kill," and, +with the exception of three words, consisting _entirely_ of +monosyllables, and one or two other passages. But I have written +enough to express my meaning. + +C. FORBES. + +Temple. + + * * * * * + + +NOTES UPON CUNNINGHAM'S HAND-BOOK FOR LONDON. + +_ Wild House, Drury Lane._--Mr. Cunningham says, "Why so +called, I am not aware." _Wild_ is a corruption of _Weld_. +It was the town mansion of the family of the _Welds_, of +Lutworth Castle. + +_Compton Street, Soho._--Built in the reign of Charles the +First by Sir Francis Compton. _New_ Compton Street, when first +formed, was denominated Stiddolph Street, after Sir Richard +Stiddolph, the owner of the land. It afterwards changed its name, +from a demise of the whole adjoining marsh land, made by Charles the +Second to Sir Francis Compton. All this, and the intermediate +streets, formed part of the site of the Hospital of St. Giles. + +_Tottenham Court Road._--The old manor-house, sometimes called +in ancient records "Totham Hall," was, in Henry the Third's reign, +the residence of William de Tottenhall. Part of the old buildings +were remaining in 1818. + +{229}_Short's Gardens, Drury Lane_.--Dudley Short, Esq., had a +mansion here, with fine garden attached, in the reign of Charles the +Second. + +_Parker Street, Drury Lane._--Phillip Parker, Esq., had a +mansion on this site in 1623. + +_Bainbridge and Buckridge Streets, St. Giles's_.--The two +streets, now no more, but once celebrated in the "annals of low +life," were built prior to 1672, and derived their names from their +owners, eminent parishioners in the reign of Charles the Second. + +_Dyot Street, St. Giles's._--This street was inhabited, as late +as 1803, by Philip Dyot, Esq., a descendant of the gentleman from +whom it takes its name. In 1710 there was a certain "Mendicant's +Convivial Club" held at the "Welch's Head" in this street. The +origin of this club dated as far back as 1660, when its meetings +were held at the Three Crowns in the Poultry. + +_Denmark Street, St. Giles's._--Originally built in 1689. +Zoffany, the celebrated painter, lived at No. 9. in this street. The +same house is also the scene of Bunbury's caricature, "The Sunday +Evening Concert:"-- + + "July 27. 1771.--Sir John Murray, late Secretary to the + Pretender, was on Thursday night carried off by a party + of strange men, from a house in _Denmark Street_, near + St. Giles's church, where he had lived some time." + --_MS. Diary quoted in Collet's Relics of Literature_, p. 306. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + * * * * * + + +QUERIES. + +FOLK LORE. + +_Metrical Charms_.--In the enumeration of the various branches +of that interesting subject, the "FOLK LORE OF ENGLAND," on which +communications were invited in the last number of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," there is an omission which I beg to point out, as it +refers to a subject which, I believe, deserves especial +investigation, and would amply repay any trouble or attention that +might be bestowed upon it. I allude to _Metrical Charms_, many +of which are still preserved, and, in spite of the corruptions they +have undergone in the course of centuries, would furnish curious and +valuable illustrations of the Mythological System on which they are +founded. + + "Spirits of the flood and spirits of the hills found a + place in the mythology of Saxon England," + +says an able reviewer of Mr. Kemble's _Saxons in England_, in +_The Anthenaeum_ (13th Jan. 1849); and he continues, + + + "The spells by which they were invoked, and the forms + by which their aid was compelled, linger, however, still + amongst us, although their names and powers have passed + into oblivion. In one of the Saxon spells which + Mr. Kemble has inserted in the Appendix, we at once + recognised a rhyme which we had heard an old woman + in our childhood use,--and in which many Saxon words + unintelligible to her were probably retained." + +Who would not gladly recover this "old rhyme?"--I can say for +myself, that if these lines should ever meet the eye of the writer +of the passage I have quoted, I trust he will be induced to +communicate, in however fragmentary a shape, this curious addition +to our present scanty stories of mythological information. + +While on the subject of _Charms and Spells_, I would ask those +who are more familiar than myself with the Manuscript treasures of +the British Museum, and of our University Libraries, whether they +have ever met with (except in MSS. of Chaucer) the remarkable "Night +Spell" which the Father of English Poetry has preserved in the +following passage of his _Miller's Tale_. I quote from Mr. +Wright's edition, printed for the Percy Society:-- + + "'What Nicholas, what how man, loke adoun: + Awake and think on Cristes passioun + I crowche the from Elves and from Wightes.' + There with the night-spel seyde he anon rightes + On the foure halves of the hous aboute + And on the threissh-fold of the dore withoute. + + "'Lord Jhesu Crist and seynte Benedight, + Blesse this hous from every wikkede wight + Fro nightes verray, the white Paternoster + When wonestow now, seynte Petres soster.'" + +This charm has long occupied my attention, and as I hope shortly to +submit to the Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries an attempt to +illustrate some parts of it which are at present certainly involved +in very great obscurity, I shall be glad to be informed whether any +other early version of it is to be found in MS., and if so, where; +and also whether any other version, corrupted or not, is still +preserved, if not in use, at least in memory. I should also be +especially glad of references of any other allusion to the "white +Paternoster" or "seynte Petres soster," or for any information as to +sources for ascertaining the history, whether authentic or +legendary, of the personage supposed to be alluded to in the closing +words of this remarkable spell. + +WILLIAM J. THOMS. + + * * * * * + + +ALLUSIONS IN THE HOMILIES. + +_"A Good Wife," &c._, and _"God speed the Plough!"_--I +should hold myself deeply indebted to any of your correspondents who +would inform me where the two following quotations are to be found. + +I have been anxiously looking for them for some years. I have taken +some pains myself--{230} "I have poached in Suidas for unlicensed +Greek"--have applied to my various antiquarian friends (many of +whose names I was delighted to recognise among the brilliant galaxy +that enlightened your first number)--but hitherto all in vain; and I +am reduced to acknowledge the truth of the old proberb, "A ---- may +ask more questions in an hour than a wise man can answer in seven +years:"-- + + I. "For thus will most truly be verified the _saying of the + poet_, 'A good wife, by obeying her husband, shall bear the + rule, so that he shall have a delight and a gladness the sooner at + all times to return home to her.' But, on the contrary part, 'when + the wives be stubborn, froward, and malapert, their husbands are + compelled thereby to abhor and flee from their own houses, even as + they should have battle with their enemies.'"--_Homily on + Matrimony_, p. 450. ed. Oxford, 1840. + +Query--_Who_ is the _poet?_ + + II. "Let no good and discreet subjects, therefore, follow the flag + or banner displayed to rebellions, and borne by rebels, though it + have the image of the plough painted therein, with _God speed the + plough_ written under in great letters, knowing that none hinder + the plough more than rebels, who will neither go to the plough + themselves, nor suffer other that would go unto it."--_Fourth + Part of the Homily against Wilful Rebellion_, p. 518. + +In _what_ rebellion was such a banner carried? + +These questions may appear very trifling; but each man has his +hobby, and mine is, not to suffer a quotation to pass without +verification. + +It is fortunate that I am not a despotic monarch, as I would +certainly make it felony without benefit of clergy to quote a +passage without giving a plain reference. + +L.S. + + * * * * * + + +MINOR QUERIES + +_Pope's Translations of Horace._--In a pamphlet against Pope, +entitled, _A True Character of Mr. Pope and his Writings_, by +the author of _The Critical History of England_, written in +May, 1716, and printed in that year, Pope is reproached with having +just published a "libellous," "impudent," and "execrable" +_Imitation of Horace_. Twenty years later such a reproach would +be very intelligible; but can any one favour me with a reference to +any _Imitation of Horace_, published by Pope prior to 1716, of +which any such complaint could be made? + +C. + + +_Etymology of "Havior."_--Can any of your readers inform me +what is the etymology of the word _Havior_, by which all +park-keepers denote an emasculated male deer, affording good venison +between the buck and doe season? + +Never having seen the word written or printed, I am guided, in +attempting to spell it, by the usual pronunciation. + +BRAYBROOKE + +Audley End, Feb. 2. + + + +_Arabic Numerals_.--In the _Archaeological Journal_ (vol. +vi. p. 291.), it is stated that the earliest "example of the use of +Arabic numerals in any work connected with building" is the date +1445, on the tower of Heathfield Church, Sussex, though "they were +common in MSS. after 1320, and in astronomical Tracts as early as +1290." As it is probable that not a few instances of the employment +of the Arabic numeral characters of an earlier date than that at +Heathfield are to be met with in different parts of the country, +will you permit me to make use of your paper to inquire whether any +such are known to any of your readers, and if they will be so +obliging as to communicate their knowledge through the medium of +your columns? As the subject is one of considerable interest, it +would be desirable that _any_ date belonging to the fifteenth +or the early part of the sixteenth century should be made known, and +registered in your valuable publication. + +Permit me also to ask, in connection with this subject, for +references to any works or treatises supplying information on the +history of the Arabic numerals, their origin, and their introduction +into Europe. I am already acquainted with Astle, _On Writing_, +Wallis's _Algebra, Nouveau Traite de Diplomatique_, the +_Huctiana_, Pegge's _Life of Grostete_, and the +_Philosophical Transactions_; but I wish for additional, and, +if possible, more recent information. + +Does any one of your readers know what became of the MSS. formerly +in the possession of the above-named Thomas Astle, formerly Keeper +of the Tower Records? In Sir W. Burrell's Sussex collections in the +British Museum are copies of charters, "ex MSS. penes T. Aste," with +notices of curious seals appended, which I should be glad to be able +to inspect. + +E.V. + + +_Stephen Eiton, or Eden's "Acta Regis Edw. II._"--The +interesting account of St. Thomas of Lancaster, with the appended +queries (No. 12. p. 181.), reminds me of the work of Stephen Eiton +or Eden, a canon-regular of Warter, in Yorkshire, entitled, "Acta +Regis Edwardi iidi," which is said still to remain in manuscript. +Where is it deposited? + +T.J. + + +_Dog Latin._--Permit me also to ask, what is the origin of the +expression "Dog Latin"? + +T.J. + + +_The Cuckoo--the Welch Ambassador._--In Middleton's _A Trick +to Catch the Old One_, Act iv. sc. 5., Dampet says:-- + + "Why, thou rogue of universality, do I not know thee? Thy + sound is like the cuckoo, the Welch Embassador." + +And the editor of the continuation of Dodsley's +_Collection_ remarks on the passage,-- + + "Why the cuckoo is called the Welch Embassador, I know not." + +{231}Perhaps some of your readers can explain why the cuckoo is so +called. + +G. + + +_A recent Novel_.--Having lately met with an extremely rare +little volume, the title of which runs thus: "La prise d'un Seigneur +Ecossois et de ses gens qui pilloient les navires pescheurs de +France, ensemble le razement de leur fort et le retablissement d'un +autre pour le service du Roi ... en la Nouvelle France ... par le +sieur Malepart. Rouen, le Boullenger, 1630. 12o. 24pp." I was +reminded of a modern novel, the principal scenes of which are laid +in an island inhabited by a British nobleman of high rank, who, +having committed a political crime, had been reported dead, but was +saved by singular circumstances, and led the life of a buccaneer. +Can any of your numerous readers be good enough to mention the title +of the novel alluded to, which has escaped my memory? + +ADOLPHUS. + + +_Authorship of a Couplet_.--Can you help me to the authorship +of the following lines?-- + + "Th' unhappy have whole days, and those they choose; + The happy have but hours, and those they lose." + +P.S. + + +_Seal of Killigrew, and Genealogy of the Killigrew +Family_.--"BURIENSIS" (No. 13. p. 204.) is informed that the arms +on the seal at Sudbury are certainly those of a member of the old +Cornish house of Killigrew. These arms, impaled by those of Lower, +occur on a monument at Llandulph, near Saltash, to the memory of Sir +Nicholas Lower, and Elizabeth his wife, who died in 1638. She was a +daughter of Sir Henry Killegrewe, of London, and a near relative, I +believe, of the Master of the Revels. + +While on this subject, I beg to put a query to your genealogical +readers. The double-headed eagle, the bordure bizantee, and the +demilion charged with bezants, are all evident derivations from the +armorial bearings of Richard, titular king of the Romans, Earl of +Cornwall, &c., second son of King John. The family of Killegrewe is +of venerable antiquity in Cornwall. What I wish to ascertain is, the +nature of the connection between the family and that unfortunate +"king." Was it one of consanguinity, or merely one of feudal +dependence? + +MARK ANTONY LOWER. + +*** See, on the origin of the arms of Richard and their derivatives, +my _Curiosities of Heraldry_, pp. 309. et seq. + + * * * * * + + +REPLIES. + +SELAGO AND SAMOLUS. + +In common with the mistletoe and vervain the Druids held the Selago +and Samolus as sacred plants, and never approached them but in the +most devout and reverential manner. When they were gathered for +religious purposes the greatest care was taken lest they should fall +to the earth, for it was an established principle of Druidism, that +every thing that was sacred would be profaned if allowed to touch +the ground; hence their solicitude to catch the anguinum: + + + "------------------When they bear + Their wond'rous egg aloof in air: + Thence before to earth it fall, + The Druid in his hallow'd pall + Receives the prize." + +Pliny, in his _Natural History_ (lib. xxiv. cap. 11.) +gives a circumstantial account of the ceremonies +used by the Druids in gathering the Selago and +Samolus, and of the uses to which they were applied:-- + + + "Similis berbae huie sabinae est Selago appellata. Legitur + sine ferro dextra manu per tunicam, qua sinistra + exuitur velut a furante, candida veste vestito, pureque + lotis nudis pedibus, saero facto priusquam legatur, + pane vinoque. Fertur in mappa nova. Hanc contra omnem + perniciem habendam prodidere Druidae Gallorum, et contra + omnia oculorum vitia fumum ejus prodesse. + + + "Iidem Samolum herbam nominavere nascentem in humidis: + et hanc sinistra manu legi a jejunis contra morbos suum + boumque, nec respicere legentem: nec alibi quam in + canali, deponere, ibique conterere poturis." + +From the very slight manner in which these plants are described by +Pliny, it is next to impossible to identify them with any degree of +certainty, though many attempts for the purpose have been made. So +far as I know, Pliny is the only ancient author who mentions them, +and we have therefore nothing to guide us beyond what he has said in +this passage. + +The word Selago is supposed to be derived from _se_ and +_lego_, i.e. _quid certo ritu seligeretur_. Linnaeus +appropriated the name to a pretty genus of Cape plants, but which +can have nothing whatever to do with the Selago of the Druids. It +has been thought to be the same as the Serratula Chamaepeuce of +Linnaeus, but without sufficient reason, for Pliny says it resembles +the savine; and Matthiolus, in his _Commentary on Dioscorides_, +when speaking of the savine (Juniperus Sabina), says:-- + + "Siquidem vidi pro Sabina assumi quandam herbam + dodrantalem quae quibusdam in montibus plurima nascitur, + folio tamaricis, licet nec odore nec sapore Sabinam + Hanc saepius existimavi esse Selaginem referat. a Plinio + lib. xxiv. c. 11. commemoratam." + +Samolus, or as some copies read Samosum, is said to be derived +from two Celtic words, _san_, salutary, and _mos_, pig; +denoting a property in the plant which answers to the description of +Pliny, who says the Gauls considered the Samolus as a specific in +all maladies of swine and cattle. {232}But there is not less +difficulty in identifying this plant than in the former case. Some +have thought it the same as the little marsh plant, with small white +flowers, which Linnaeus calls Samolus Valerandi, while others +consider it to be the Anemone Pulsatilla. I am ignorant of the +salutary properties of these plants, and must leave it to be decided +which of them has the greatest claims to be considered the Samolus +of Pliny. + +G.M. + + +Is there any English translation of AElian's _Various History_, +or of the work ascribed to the same author on the _Peculiarities +of Animals_? + +East Winch. Jan. 1850. + + +_Selago and Samolus_.--The Selago (mentioned by "PWCCA," No. +10. p. 157.), in Welsh _Gras Duw_ (Gratia Dei), was held by the +Druids as a charm against all misfortunes; they called it _Dawn y +Dovydd_, the gift of the Lord. They also ascribed great virtues +to the Samolus, which was called _Gwlydd_, mild or tender. All +that can be known respecting the Selago and Samolus, may be seen in +Borlase's _Antiquities of Cornwall_. + +GOMER. + + * * * * * + + +AELFRIC'S COLLOQUY. + +In the Anglo-Saxon _Gloss_, to AElfric's Latin dialogue, +_higdifatu_ is not, I conceive, an error of the scribe, but a +variation of dialect, and therefore, standing in no need of +correction into _hydigfatu_ ("NOTES and QUERIES," No. 13.). +_Hig, hi_ and _hy_, are perfectly identical, and nothing +is more usual in A.S. than the omission of the final _g_ after +_i_; consequently, _hig=hy, di=dig_, therefore _higdi=hydig_. +Mr. Singer's reading of _cassidilia_ for _culidilia_, I consider +to be well-founded. + +His conjecture, that _sprote_=Goth. _sprauto_, has +something very specious about it, and yet I must reject it. That +useful and sagacious author, Dr. Kitchener, tells us, that there is +only one thing to be done in a hurry (or _sprauto_); and even +if he had not informed us what that one thing is, very few indeed +would ever have imagined that it was _fish_-catching. The word +_sprote_ was a puzzle to me, and I had often questioned myself +as to its meaning, but never could get a satisfactory answer; nor +was it until some time after the publication of the 2nd edition of +my _Analecta_ that it occurred to me that it might signify a +wicker or _sallow_ basket (such as is still in use for the +capture of eels), from Lat. _sporta_, whence the German +_sportel_. My conjecture, of _salice_ for the _salu_ +of the text, was based on the possibility that the apparatus might +somehow or other be made of the _salix_. + +I beg leave to inform "SELEUCUS," that _The Phoenix_, with an +English version, and with the Latin original, is to be found in the +_Codex Exoniensis_, edited by me, in 1842, for the Society of +Antiquaries. The Latin ascribed to Lactantius, is printed in the +Variourum edition of Claudian, and, I believe, in the editions of +Lactantius. + +Jan. 30, 1850. + +B. THORPE. + + * * * * * + + +PORTRAITS OF LUTHER AND ERASMUS. + +Your correspondent, "R.G." (No. 13. p. 203.), is correct in +supposing the _wood-cut_ portrait of Luther to be that which is +prefixed to the treatise "De Captivitate Babylonica Ecclesiae," where +he is habited as a monk; but it was evidently only a copy from the +very interesting copper-plate engraving of his friend Lucas Cranach, +bearing the date 1520, of which a very accurate copy was prefixed to +the translation of "Luther's Way to Prayer," published by Mr. +Pickering in 1846. Juncker's book is a very good repertory of the +various representations of the great reformer, but the prints are +generally but faithless copies. In 1750 Kirchmayer printed an +especial disquisition upon the portrait by Lucas Cranach of 1523, +under the following title:--"Disquisitio Historia de Martini Lutheri +Oris et Vultus Habitu Hervieo ad vivum expresso in Imagine divine +pencilli Lucae Cranachj patris in aere hic incisa," &c., Wittebergae +Sax. 1750, 4to. The works in which the Germans have sought to do +honour to their great protestant saint, are numerous enough to fill +a small library but two of them are so remarkable as to deserve +notice, 1. "Luther's Merkwuerdige Lebensumstande bey seiner +Medicinalischen Leibesconstitution, Krankheiten, geistlichen und +leiblichen Anfectungen und andern Zufallen, &c., von F.G. Keil," +Leipsig, 1764. 2. "Luther's Merkwuerdige Reisegeschichte zu Erganzung +seiner Lebensumstande, von Jo. Th. Lingke," Leipsig, 1769, 4to. The +earliest wood-cut representation of Erasmus with which I am +acquainted is a medallion accompanying another of Ulric of Hutten, +on the title-page of the following work of the unfortunate but +heroic champion of the Reformation:--"Ulrichi ab Hutten cum Erasmo +Rotirodamo, Presbytero, Theologo, Expostulatio." There is reason to +believe that this Expostulation was printed only a short month +before Hutten died; and, though it bears neither date nor name of +printer, that it was printed by Johannes Schott, at Strasburg, in +the month of July, 1523. It has another portrait of Hutten at the +end, the whole strikingly spirited and characteristic; by some they +have been attributed to Holbein, and if not by him, which is +doubtful, they are at least worthy of him. + +One would gladly forget this strife between the great promoter of +learning and the soldier-scholar. Erasmus's conduct was unworthy of +a great man, and can never be vindicated. + +S.W.S. + + * * * * * + +{233} REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. + +_Praise undeserved_.--The correct quotation, referred to in No. +14. p. 222., is + + "Praise undeserved is _Satire_ in disguise." + +It is by Mr. Br----st, author of a copy of verses called the +_British Beauties_. I cannot fill up the "hiatus," which in +this case is not "maxime deflendus," because I have now no time to +search the Museum Catalogue. I apprehend that the author belonged to +the "mob of gentlemen who wrote with ease," as it is something like +Savage's "tenth transmitter" (which, by the bye, your correspondent, +Mr. Gutch, should have said is _said_ to be Pope's)--his +_only good_ line. Here is my authority: + + +EPIGRAM + +_On a certain line of Mr. Br----, author of a copy of verses +called the "British Beauties."--From the_ "GARLAND," _a +collection of Poems_, 1721. + + "When one good line did much my wonder raise + In Br----st's works, I stood resolved to praise; + And had, but that the modest _author_ cries, + _Praise undeserv'd is satire in disguise_." + +I would add, that I believe this Epigram to be Dr. Kenrick's, +Goldsmith's old persecutor in later years. + +JAMES H. FRISWELL + + +_French Maxim_.--I beg to inform your correspondent "R.V." in +reply to his query (No. 14. p. 215.), that the maxim quoted is the +218th of Rochefoucauld: "L'hypocrisie est un hommage que le vice +rend a la vertu." + +J.H.F. + + +_Singular Motto_.--The "singular motto" which occasions +"P.H.F.'s" wonder (No. 14. p. 214.), is, without doubt, a cypher, +and only to be rendered by those who have a Key. Such are not +unfrequent in German, Austrian, or Bohemian Heraldry. + +J.H.F. + + +_Discurs. Modest._--At p. 205. No. 13., your correspondent N. +replies to A.T.'s query, that "there can be no reasonable doubt, +that the _original_ authority for _Rem transubstantiationis +patres ne altigisse quidem_, is William Watson in his _Quodlibet_, +ii. 4. p. 31." + +By a note of mine, I find that this secular priest, W. Watson, lays +the expression in question to the charge of the Jesuits as "an +heretical and most dangerous assertion of theirs." Admitting, +therefore, the _Discurs. Modest_. to have been published after +Watson's _Decacordon_, i.e. later than 1602 (which can hardly +be doubted), still the further question remains to be asked: "In +what writings of the Jesuits, prior to 1602, had W. Watson himself +found these words, with which he charges them?" Should you think +this further query of importance enough to find a place in your +paper, perhaps some one of your readers might throw yet another ray +of light upon this subject. + +J.S. + +Oxford + + +_Pallace_ (No. 13. p. 202).--Mr. Halliwell, in his +_Dictionary of Archaic, &c. Words_, explains this word as used +in Devonshire:-- + + "_Palace_, a Storehouse."--_Devon_. "At Dartmouth, + I am told there are some of these storehouses, called + palaces, cut out of the rock, still retaining the name." + --_MS Devon. Gloss_. + +C.W.G. + + +_Meaning of "Pallace_".--The term "Pallace" (No. 13. p. 202.) +is applied in Totnes to denote a landing-place inclosed by walls, +but not roofed in. Many of these "pallaces" have been converted into +coal-cellars. Perhaps _pales_ may have been used originally to +form these inclosures in lieu of walls;--and hence the word +"pallace" would mean a place paled in. I find repeated mention made +of "pallaces" in a schedule attached to a deed of the Corporation of +Totnes, bearing date September 18th, 1719, a copy of which is now +before me, and from it the following extracts are taken:-- + + "One linney and two _pallaces_ or yards." + + "All those houses, rooms, cellars, and _pallaces_." + + "All that great cellar lately rebuilt, and _the plott of ground + or pallace_ thereto belonging lately converted into a cellar." + + "All that little cellar and _pallace_ lately rebuilt, and + the kay or landing place thereto belonging, and near adjoyning + unto and upon the river Dart." + + "And the little _pallace_ or _landing-place_." + +_Apropos_ of _landing-places_, it may interest some of +your readers to learn that the _very stone_ upon which Brutus, +the nephew of AEneas, landed at Totnes, still remains! It is inserted +in the foot-way nearly opposite the Mayoralty-house in the Fore +Street. From Totnes, the neighbouring shore was heretofore called +_Totonese_: and the _British History_ tells us, that _Brutus_, +the founder of the British nation, arrived here; and _Havillanus_ +[John de _Alvilla_ or _Hauteville_, according to Mr. Wright] as +a poet, following the same authority, writes thus:-- + + "Inde dato cursu, _Brutus_ comitatus Achate + Gallorum spoliis cumulatis navibus aequor + Exarat, et superis auraque faventibus usus, + _Littora felices intrat Totonesia portus_." + + "From hence great Brute with his Achates steer'd, + Full fraught with Gallic spoils their ships appear'd; + The Winds and Gods were all at their command, + _And happy Totnes shew'd them grateful land_." + +_Gibson's Camden_. + + +Totnes is made mention of the _Lais de Marie_:-- + + "Il tient sun chemin tut avant. + A la mer vient, si est passer, + En _Toteneis_ est arriver."--_Lai d'Elidne_. + +J. MILNER BARRY, M.D. + +Totnes, Devon, Jan. 30. 1850. + + +{234} +_Litany Version of the Psalms_.--The doubts produced by Beloe's +self-contradicting statements on the subject of the Bishops' Bible, +which are referred to by "X.X." (No. 13. p. 203.), may thus be +settled. The first edition of this Bible, printed in 1568, contains +a new translation of the Psalms by Becon. In the second folio +edition, 1572, are inserted, in opposite columns, "the translation +according to the Ebrewe," which differs but little from the former, +in Roman letter, and "the translation used in common prayer," or +that of the Great Bible, printed by Whitchurch, 1553, in black +letter. + +The clarum et venerabile nomen associated with the Bishops' Bible, a +very magnificent and perfect copy of which is now open before me, +suggests the inquiry whether there is any copy known of Archbishop +Parker's rare volume on the English Church, 1572, which is not +noticed by Martin in the list of eighteen which he had discovered. +He does not mention that in the Chetham library. + +T. JONES. + + +_Tempora mutantur &c_.--In reply to your correspondent, "E.V." +(No. 14. p. 215.), I beg to state, that the _germ_ of "Tempora +mutantur, et nos mutamur in illis," is to be found in the _Delitiae +Poetarium Germanorum_, vol. i. p. 685., under the Poems of +Matthias Borbonius. He considers them as a saying of Lotharius I. +(flor. Cir. 830.):-- + + "Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis; + Illa vices quasdam res habet, illa suas." + +I sent this communication, some years ago, to _Sharpe's +Magazine_, where it will be found, vol. v. p. 208. + +L.S. + + +_Pandoxare_.--Your correspondent, "H.B." (No. 13. p. 202.), has +lighted upon a curious specimen of domestic hieroglyphics, the +notice of which recalls to mind the quaint marginal symbols +scattered over the inventories of the Exchequer Treasury, at a much +earlier period. They are not devoid of information or interest. The +word of which he requests explanation, is, indeed, of too base +Latinity to be found in the _Facciolati_, or even in the +_Auctarium_; but in our old Latin dictionaries, sources of +abundant information on obsolete expressions, the word is readily to +be found. Old Gouldman, for instance, whose columns are replete with +uncommon and local English terms, gives "_Pandoxor_, to brew," +citing Alciatus as authority, and "_Pandox_, a swill-bowl," +apparently a word used by Statius. It is obviously a barbarous +derivative of the same Greek words as _Pandocium_ or _Pandoxarium_ +([Greek: pan] and [Greek: docheion]), the hostelry open to +all comers. If, however, a more recondite authority for the +explanation of the word, as formerly used in England, be +desired, I would refer your querist to the pages of the +_Promptorium Parvulorum_, where may be found--"Bruwyn ale or +other drynke, _Pandoxor_. Browstar, or brewere, _Pandoxator, +Pandoxatrix_", the medieval Bass or Guinness having been, most +frequently, a female. And, having cited the primitive lexicographer +of Norfolk, I would seize the occasion to offer a note, in response +to the numerous queries regarding the too tardy advance of the work +in question, and to assure your readers, who may be interested in +the publications of the Camden Society, that a further instalment of +the _Promptorium_ is in forwardness, so that I hope to complete +a considerable portion, in readiness for issue, early in the current +year. + +ALBERT WAY. + + +_Saint Thomas of Lancaster_.--Not having Brady at hand, I +cannot tell what authorities he cites; but, as Mr. Milnes (No. 12. +p. 181.) does not mention Rymer, he perhaps may not know that he +will find in that collection some documentary evidence on the +subject of this saint, if saint he was; for instance-- + + "_Super rumore Thomam nuper Comitem Lancastriae miraculis + corruscuri_."--Rym. Foed. iii. p. 1033. A.D. 1323. + "Quod," adds the king, "moleste gerimus." + +But Edward III. was of quite another mind, and urged his +canonization of the Holy See. Witness Rymer:-- + + "_Ad Papam; pro canonisatione Thomae nuper Comitis + Lancastriae_."--Foed. iv. p. 2. A.D. 1326. + +And again-- + + "_Pro custodi_" (Weryngton mentioned by Mr. Milnes), + "_Capellae ad montem ubi nuper comes Lancastriae decollatus + fuit_."--Ib. p. 291. + +It seems that the bodies of some of Thomas's accomplices were also +supposed to have worked miracles; for we find an ordinance-- + + "_Contra Fingentes miracula fieri per inimicos Regis_." + --Rym. Foed. iv. p. 20. A.D. 1323. + +Andrews says (_Hist_. i. 342.) that Richard II. renewed the +application for Thomas's canonization; but he does not give his +authority, and I have not time to look further through Rymer. + +p. 184. _Jhon-John_.--I wonder Mr. Williams does not see that the +_h_ is not "_introduced_" for any purpose; it is an integral +part of the original name _Johannes_, which was contracted +into _Johan_, and in French into _Jehan_. + +p. 185. _Slang Phrases_.--"_A Rowland for an Oliver_" is +no slang phrase of the eighteenth century; it is a proverbial +expression as old as the days of the romances of _Roland_ and +_Olivier_. The other two were phrases put into the mouths of +two characters (Dr. Ollapod, in Colman's _Poor Gentleman_, and +Young Rapid, in Morton's _Cure for the Heart-ache_), which grew +into vogue only from the success of the actors Fawcett and Lewis, +and had no meaning or allusion beyond what the words obviously +meant. + +C. + + +{235}_Full of Rain in England._--"ROYDON" (No. 11. p. 73) will +find the average quantity of rain fallen at Greenwich, for +twenty-five years, 1815 to 1839, in a very useful and clever +pamphlet, price 1s., by J.H. Belville, of the Royal Observatory, +published by Taylor, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, called _Manual +of the Mercurial and Aneroid Barometers._ + +HENRY WILKINSON + + +_Judas Bell_--(No. 13, p. 195). In the "Flyting of Dunbar and +Kennedie," a singular Scotch Poem, composed in the former half of +the 16th century, and printed in Ramsay's _Evergreen_, the +following passage occurs (_Everg._ vol. ii. p. 74.):-- + + "A Benefice quha wald give sic a Beist, + But gif it were to jingle _Judas bells_? + Tak thee a Fiddle or a Flute to jest, + Undocht thou art, ordained for naithing ells." + +The Judas bells may probably have been used in the Easter-eve +ceremonies, in connexion with which we find _Judas candles_ +mentioned. See Brand's _Popular Antiq._ by Sir H. Ellis, vol. +i. p. 29. + +C.W.G. + + +_Boduc or Boduoc on British Coins_.--The real name of the +heroic queen of the Iceni is very uncertain. Walther (Tacitus, xiv. +Ann. c. 31.), adopts Boudicea. It is probable enough that the +syllables Boduo may have formed a part of it, as pronounced by the +Britons. We are reminded of Boduognatus, leader of the Nervii, +mentioned by Caesar. But to come nearer home, the name Boduogenus is +found upon a bronze vessel discovered in the Isle of Ely, described +by Mr. Goddard Johnson, _Archaeologia_, xxviii. p. 436. + +C.W.G. + + +_Lord Bacon's Metrical Version of the Psalms._--Lord Bacon's +translation of seven psalms, the 1st, 12th, 90th, 104th, 126th, +127th, and 149th, with a Dedication to George Herbert, is found at +the end of the 2nd vol. of his works. (Lond. 1826.) They were +printed at London, 1625, in quarto. + +C.W.G. + + [To this we may add, on the information of X.X., that some account + of these Psalms, with specimens, may be seen in Holland's + _Psalmists of Britain_, 1824.] + + +_A "Gib" Cat._--What is the etymology of the term "Gibbe," as +applied to the male cat? I may observe that the _g_ is pronounced +_hard_ in this locality, and not _jibbe_, as most dictionaries +have it. + +Burnley, Lancashire. + +T.T.W. + + [NARES has shown, very satisfactorily, that _Gib_, the + contraction of _Gilbert_, was the name formerly applied to a + cat, as _Tom_ is now. He states that _Tibert_ (the name + given to the Cat in the old Reynard the Fox) was the old French for + _Gilbert_; and at all events, be that as it may, Chaucer, in + his _Romance of the Rose_, verse 6204., translates "Thibert le + Cas" by "Gibbe our Cat."] + + +_Lay of the Phoenix._--"SELEUCUS" is informed that the +Anglo-Saxon Lay of the Phoenix is contained in the _Codex +Exoniensis_, edited by Mr. B. Thorpe. The Latin poem, in +hexameters and pentameters, attributed to Lactantius, is given at +the foot of the page. It will be found at the end of the works of +Lactantius, in the small edition by Fritzsche (Lipsiae, 1842). +Fritzsche mentions two separate editions of the poem; 1. by Martini, +Lunaeburgi, 1825; 2. by Leyser, Quedlinburgi, 1839. + +C.W.G. + + +_Lay of the Phoenix._--"SELEUCUS" (No. 13, p. 203.) asks, "Is +there any published edition of the hexameter poem by Lactantius, +which is said to have suggested the idea of the Anglo-Saxon _Lay +of the Phoenix_?" This poem is not in hexameter, but in elegiac +verse; and though, on account of its brevity, we could not expect +that it would have been separately published, it is to be found very +commonly at the end of the works of Lactantius; for example, in +three editions before me, Basil. 1524, Lugd. 1548, Basil. 1563. That +this poem, however, belongs to the Christian Cicero, at any period +of his life, is more than doubtful, even by the admission of +Romanists, who readily avail themselves of other compositions of +similar authority. It has been sometimes ascribed to Venantius +Fortunatus, and is by Sirmondus attributed to Theodulphus, Bishop of +Orleans. (_Opp._, ii. 840. cf. iv. 519. Venet. 1728.) + +R.G. + + +_Ordination Pledges._--Your correspondent, "CLERICUS" (no. 10. +p. 156.), will find by far the most elaborate and judicious +examination of the import, design, and obligation of the various +oaths and subscriptions required of the clergy, in the successive +numbers of _The Christian Observer_ for 1849. + +E.V. + + +_Feast of St, Michael and All-Angels._--The difficulty started +by "K.M.P." (No. 13, p. 203.), with regard to the double second +lessons for the Feast of St. Michael and All-Angels, is easily +resolved by comparing the Table of Proper Lessons before and after +the last review of the _Prayer Book_ in 1662; from which it +will be seen, that the proper _second_ lessons were then +appointed for the first time, while the old second lessons for Sept. +29. were retained, either from inadvertence, or to avoid the +necessity of disarranging all the subsequent part of the calendar. +The present first lessons, Gen. xxxii., and Dan. x. v. 5., at the +same time took the place of the inappropriate chapters, Eccles. +xxxix. and xliv., which had been appointed for this day in Queen +Elizabeth's Prayer Book, 1559. + +E. V. + + +_Beaver Hat._--Mr. T. Hudson Turner (No. 7. p. 100.) asks, +"What is the earliest known instance of the use of a _beaver +hat_ in England?" + +(236}Fairholt (_Costume in England_) says, the earliest notice +of it is in the reign of Elizabeth, and gives the following +quotation from Stubbe's _Anatomy of Abuses,_ 1580:-- + + "And as the fashions be rare and strange, so is the stuff + whereof their hats be made divers also; for some are + of silk, some of velvet, some of taffetie, some of sarcenet, + some of wool, and, which is more curious, some of a certain + kind of fine haire; these they call _bever hattes_, of + xx, xxx, or xl shillings price, fetched from beyond the seas, + from whence a great sort of other varieties doe come besides." + +GASTROS. + + +_Meaning of "Pisan."_--Mr. Turner (No. 7. p.100.) asks the +meaning of the term _pisan_, used in old records for some part +of defensive armour. + +Meyrick (_Ancient Armour_, vol. i. p. 155, 2d ed.) gives a +curious and interesting inventory of the arms and armour of Louis le +Hutin, King of France, taken in the year 1316, in which we find, +"Item 3 coloretes _Pizanes_ de jazeran d'acier." He describes +_pizane_ (otherwise written _pizaine, pusen, pesen_) as a +collar made, or much in fashion, at Pisa. The jazeran armour was +formed of overlapping plates. In the metrical romance of _Kyng +Alisaunder_, edited by Webber, occur the lines-- + + "And Indiens, and Emaniens, + With swordes, lances, and _pesens._" + +Weber explains the _pesens_ here as gorgets, armour for the +neck. + +In more recent MSS. _pisan_ may be a contraction for +_partisan_, a halberd. + +I cannot agree with your correspondent "A.F." (p.90), that the nine +of diamonds was called "the curse (cross) of Scotland" from its +resemblance to the cross of St. Andrew, which has the form of the +Roman X; whereas the pips on the nine of diamonds are arranged in +the form of the letter H. "Mend the instance." + +Erratum. P. 181 col. 2. line 3., for _obscurities_, read +_obscenities._ + +Cambridge, Jan. 31. 1850. + +GASTROS. + + +_Pokership--God tempers the Wind_.--I am disposed to think that +_Parkership_ will turn out to be the right explanation, because +almost every forest or chase contained a _fenced park_, in +which the deer were confined; and the charge of the woods and park +might be consigned to the same person; and the error in spelling the +word was probably copied from one genealogist to another. + +Nevertheless, Mr. Corney's conjecture may be right, as Forby +(_Vocabulary,_ vol. ii. p. 258.) mentions Poke-Day as the day +on which the allowance of corn is made to the labourers, _who, in +some places, receive a part of their wages in that form._ Now the +_Pokerer_ might be the officer who distributed the grain on +these occasions. + +I open my note to add, that Mr. Gutch (No. 14. p. 211.) will find, +in Sterne's _Sentimental Journey_,--"_God tempers the wind_," +said Maria, "to the shorn lamb." + +The words which I have underlined are printed in Italics in my +edition of the work (London, 12mo. 1790), which may indicate that +they are quoted from some other author. + +BRAYBROOKE. + +Audley End, Feb. 2. + + +_Walewich or Watewich._--I have made the reference suggested by +"W.B.M." + +Canute was residing at Walewich, and the Abbot of Ely was +consecrated there by the Archbishop of Canterbury. This "Walewich" +can be no obscure place, and we need not look for it in +Cambridgeshire. + +I am inclined to think that the word ought to have been written +Warewich, _i.e._ Warwick. + +Soham Mere (Mare de Soham) once covered 1369-1/2 acres.--Lyson's +_Cambridge_, 254. + +Portum Pusillum, if not Littleport, was a place upon the Cam or the +Ouse, within sight of Ely Minster. + +Does your correspondent suppose that Northmouth was among the fens? +If so, he may consult _Inquisitio Eliensis_, or Dugdale's Map +of the Bedford Level, which is in the Museum. + +J.F.M. + +Dec. 22. + + +_Madoc's Emigration to America._--"ANGLO-CAMBRIAN" (No. 4. p. +57.), in contradiction to the occurrence of Madoc's emigration, has +adduced what he supposes to be a gross anachronism in the words +"Madoc was directed by the _best compass_, and this in 1170!" +Now, unfortunately for this opinion, the passage on which it is +founded will not allow of his interpretation. The original words are +in Sir Thomas Herbert's _Travels_, and, in his expressive +language, they are as follows:--"By Providence, the best compass, +and benefit of the pole-star, he returned safely to his own +country." Most certainly this cannot imply that Madoc was acquainted +with the mariner's compass. + +"J.M.T." also seems to give great weight to the fact of a +"Welsh-Indian vocabulary" having been formed, containing no trace of +any Celtic root. This seems conclusive, yet it is not so; for I have +some words, extracted from a vocabulary of the Mandan (Indian) +language made by Mr. Catlin, during his sojourn among them, all of +which, with very slight allowance for corruption, are clearly Welsh. +Mr. Catlin believes the Mandans to have been descended from the +followers of Prince Madoc, from the strong evidence which he +considers his stay among them afforded him, and detailed in his work +on the Indians. I regret to add, that the Mandans have been +exterminated by the small-pox and the weapons of their enemies. I +have long taken a deep, because a national, interest in this +question, and have endeavoured to examine in the spirit of that +noble {237}precept, which ought to be bound up with the existence of +every _Cymro_, "The truth against the world." Consequently, I +have found that much of what is put forth as evidence on this +question is, as Mr. Corney has very justly intimated, quite +inadmissible; in short, unworthy of belief. Still, the inquiry has +afforded me sufficient reasons for viewing the question of Prince +Madoc's emigration as a fact, and for supporting it as such as far +as my humble testimony will allow. + +GOMER. + + +_Caerphili Castle_.--With reference to "PWCCA'S" query (No. 10. +p. 157.), it may be noted that _Full_ is the Welsh word for +"haste," and, if the _derivatur_, must allude to the original +structure having been hastily erected. + +GOMER. + + +_Origin of word Bug_.--I should feel obliged by your informing +me whether the word _Bug_ is not of _Celtic_ origin, signifying +a "_Ghost_ or _Goblin_?" Vide Shakespeare's _Taming of the Shrew_, +Act I. Scene II.:-- + + "Tush, tush, fright boys with _bugs_." + +And whether, in _Mathews'_ Bible, A.D. 1537, the 5th verse of +the 91st Psalm is not thus rendered:-- + + "Thou shalt not need to be afraid of any _bugs_ by night"? + +literally, in the Hebrew, "_Terror_ of the night." + +J.P. + + [_Bug_ in Welsh means a ghost or goblin. It is probably the + same with the Icelandic _Paki_, an evil spirit. But on this + etymology our correspondent can consult an article by Sir F. + Palgrave, on the "Popular Mythology of the Middle Ages." in the + _Quarterly Review_, vol. xxii.; a paper, by Mr. Thoms, on the + "Folk Lore of Shakspeare," No. 6.; "Puck's several Names," in _The + Athenaeum_, Oct. 9. 1847; and lastly, Mr. Keightley's most + interesting work, _The Fairy Mythology_. vol. ii. p. 118., of + which we are happy to hear that a new and enlarged edition may + shortly be expected.] + + * * * * * + + +MISCELLANIES. + +_Excecution of Duke of Monmouth._--Among the memorials of the +"rash but unfortunate Duke of Monmouth," which have recently +attracted much attention, and for which the public are principally +indebted to certain inquiries originated in the "NOTES AND QUERIES," +I have not observed any notice taken of an anecdote respecting him, +which is current among our neighbours on the Continent; namely, that +he gave six guineas to the executioner, the JOHN KETCH of that day, +to perform his work well!-- + + "Le Duc de Monmout donna six guinees au Bourreau de Londres, + pour lui bien couper la tete; mais le miserable ne merroit + par ces guinees, puisqu'il la lui coupa tres mal." + + +This anecdote is introduced, in the form of a note, into the folio +Dictionary of Pierre Richelet, a most valuable work, and full of +history, ancient and modern. Can any of your correspondents produce +the authority for this anecdote? Richelet himself does not give any, +but merely relates the story, apparently with a view of illustrating +the term "guinea," as applied to the gold coin of Charles the +Second. Vid, voc. "_Guinee_." + +J.I. + + +_By Hook or by Crook_.--I send you a note, which I made some +years ago. + +This expression is much more ancient than the time of Charles I., to +which it is generally referred. It occurs in Skelton, _Colin +Clout_, line 31. _a fine_:-- + + "Nor wyll suffer this boke + _By hooke ne by crooke_ + Prynted for to be." + +In Spenser, f. 2. v. ii. 27.:-- + + "Thereafter all that mucky pelfe he tooke, + The spoile of peoples evil gotten good, + The which her sire had serap't by hooke and crooke, + And burning all to ashes pour'd it down the brooke." + +In Holland's _Suetonius_, p. 169:-- + + "Likewise to get, to pill and poll _by hooke and crooke_ + so much, as that----" + +In a letter of Sir Richard Morysin to the Privy +Council, in Lodges _Illustrations, &c_., i. 154:-- + + "Ferrante Gonzaga, d'Arras, and Don Diego, are in a leage, + utterlie bent to myslyke, and to charge _by hook or by + crooke_, anything don, or to be don, by the thre fyrst." + +L.S. + + +_Cupid Crying_.--The beautiful epigram upon this subject, which +appeared in No. 11 p. 172., was kindly quoted, "for its extreme +elegance," by the _Athenaeum_ of the 26th January, which +produced the following communication to that journal of Saturday +last:-- + +"Will the correspondent of the 'NOTES AND QUERIES,' whose pretty +epigram appears copied into your _Athenaeum_ of Saturday last, +accept the following as a stop-gap pending the discovery of the +Latin original? + + "En lacrymosus Amor! Fidem quia perdidit arcum + Vapulat! Exultans Caelia tela tenet. + Ast illam potuitne Puer donare sagittis? + Subrisit:--Matrem credidit esse suam. + +"[Greek: Amorphota]. 5." + + +_Miry-land Town._--As an addition to the note of "J.R.F." (p. +167. No. 11.) on Miry-land Town, and by way of corroboration of his +reading, I may just mention that the towns and villages in the Weald +of Kent are familiarly spoken of as places "down in the mud," by the +inhabitants of other parts of the country. Those who are acquainted +with the Weald will agree that this designation is not undeserved. + +HENRY KERSLEY. + + + * * * * {238} + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +The Surtees Society, for the publication of inedited MSS. +illustrative of the intellectual, moral, religious, and social +condition of those parts of the United Kingdom which constitute the +ancient kingdom of Northumberland, has been remodelled. The +subscription for the year is one guinea, and the works in immediate +preparation are, 1. "The Injunctions and other Ecclesiastical +Proceedings of Richard Barnes, Bishop of Durham (1577-87);" and, 2. +"The Anglo-Saxon Hymnarium." + +We have great pleasure in directing attention to the _Exhibition +of Works of Ancient and Mediaeval Art_ which is to be opened in +the Adelphi next month. + +This is a great opportunity for forming an Exhibition of a novel and +most interesting kind, one which is calculated both to interest and +amuse the archaeologist and the public, and to instruct the artizan +and the manufacturer. We sincerely hope possessors of articles +suitable for exhibition, will not fail to take advantage of it. They +should immediately enter into communication with the Honorary +Secretary to the Exhibition, at the rooms of the Society of Arts, or +they will be too late. + +The _Gentlemen's Magazine_ realizes all our anticipations. The +Reviews are of a very superior order. Justice is done _to_ as +well as _upon_ the authors who have come under notice, and the +original articles are of high value; those upon the _Dea +Sequana_ and the _History of Words_ are especially worthy of +notice. Mr. Waller's papers upon _Christian Iconography_ +promise to be of the highest value. A new career of usefulness and +honour has been opened up to Sylvanus Urban, who seems determined to +merit the addition lately made to his title, and to become what is +really a desideratum in English Literature--a good "_Historical +Review_." + +Messrs. Sotheby and Co. will sell, on Thursday and Friday next, a +very choice Selection of Magnificent Books and Pictorial Works from +the Library of an eminent Collector, including large paper copies of +the Antiquarian Works of Visconti, Montfaucon, &c.; the first four +editions of Shakspeare, and other works of similar high character. + +We have received the following Catalogues:-- + + "Catalogue of most splendid and truly valuable Ancient + Manuscripts upon Vellum and Paper, particularly rich in + History and Topography, Heraldry and County Visitations, + Pedigrees and Family History, Ancient Charters, Royal Grants + and other Documents of peculiar interest to the Antiquary + and Historian, on sale by Thomas Thorpe, 13. Henrietta Street, + Covent Garden; and + + "Bernard Quartch's Catalogue of Foreign and English Books, + selling for Cash at very reduced Prices, at 16. Castle Street, + Leicester Square; comprising Antiquities, History, Heraldry, + Numismatics, Classics, Ethnology, Languages, &c. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +(_In continuation of Lists in Former Nos_.) + +ALANI OPERA. Edit. C. DE NISCH. Antwerp, 1654. + +CLICHTORAEUS, ELUCIDATORIUM ECCLESIASTICUM. Paris, 1556. + +CORNER, PROMPTUARIUM DEVOTIONIS. Vienna, 1672. + + +_Odd Volumes_. + +AMES AND HERBERT'S TYPOGRAPHICAL ANTIQUITIES. By DIBDIN. +Vol. I. + + Letters stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, + to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. + Fleet Street. + + + * * * * * + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +R.J.S. _will find in_ No. 12. p. 188., _an answer to his +query in reply to a previous query in_ No. 8. p. 125. + +F.D. (BRADFORD) _is informed that the_ Towneley Mysteries +_have been printed by the Surtees Society, and the_ Coventry +_and_ Chester Mysteries _by the Shakspeare Society. We have +no doubt the_ Collection of Early Mysteries, _printed at Basle, +may be procured from any of the foreign booksellers_. + +W. _calls our attention to an error in p. 217_. The Field of +Forty Foot-steps_ is a distinct work by Miss Porter, published in +the same collection as_ "Coming Out"_, but not the second title +of that work._ + +J.K.R.W. _Many thanks, although there has not been an opportunity +of using the communications._ + +G.W. _will find the phrase "to dine with Duke Humphrey" very fully +illustrated in Nares_. + +_We are compelled, by want of space, to omit our usual +acknowledgment of_ COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED. + +_We are again compelled to omit many Notes, Queries, and Answers +to Queries which are in type, as well as Answers to Correspondents_. + + * * * * * + +Uniform with "HALLAM'S LITERATURE OF EUROPE." + +Now ready, in 3 vols. 8vo. 42s. + +A HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. With Criticism on particular Works, +and Biographical Notices of Prominent Writers. By GEORGE TICKNOR, +Esq. + +JOHN MURRAY, Albermarle Street. + + * * * * * + +NEW WORK BY LORD LINDSAY. + +This day is published. 3 vols. 8vo. 42s. + +LIVES OF THE LINDSAYS; or, a Memoir of the HOUSES OF CRAWFORD AND +BALCARRES. By LORD LINDSAY. + +Also, by the same Author. 3 vols. 8vo. 31s. 6d. + +SKETCHES of the HISTORY of CHRISTIAN ART. + +JOHN MURRAY, Ablemarle Street. + + * * * * * {239} + +On the 15th of February will be published, No. II., for 1850, of + +JOHN MILLER'S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW, + +On sale at 43, Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square, to be had gratis, +and sent (if required) postage free to any Book-buyer. The prices +are for ready money only. + +It will contain, amongst other subjects, a large collection of Books +on HERALDRY, GENEALOGY, and FAMILY HISTORY, a few Books on ANGLING, +some early ENGLISH DICTIONARIES, Books of POETRY, HISTORY, +TOPOGRAPHY, and ENGRAVINGS, with various works in other interesting +departments of Miscellaneous Literature. + + * * * * * + +A CHRONICLE OF THE KYNGES OF ENGELONDE, from ye Normane Conqueste to +the reygne of our Soveragne Ladie Elizabethe, wythe a summarie +accounte of eache reygne, by G.C.L. A MANUSCRIPT of the last +century, in 4to., calf, very neat, 37 full-length portraits, +water-colour drawings, curiously emblazoned in gold and colours, +with the Arms and Insignia of each Monarch, and numerous other +devices, ornaments and borders, from the library of Sir Gore Ousely, +with a portrait apparently of the executor. 3l. 3s. + +ANNALS OF THE CALEDONIANS, PICTS, AND SCOTS, and of Strathclyde, +Cumberland, Galloway, and Murray, by J. RITSON, Esq. 2 vols cr. 8vo. +Half-bound morocco, extra marble edges, 8s. 6d. 1828. + +BETHAMS (W.) BARONETAGE OF ENGLAND, or the History of the English +Baronets, and such Baronets of Scotland as are of English Families. +5 vols. 4to. Half-calf, neat, with Genealogical Tables, and +Engravings of Armorial Bearings, 1l. 10s. 1801-1808. + +BUCKINGHAM'S ORIENTAL HERALD AND COLONIAL REVIEW, comprising a Mass +of Valuable Writings on the Colonies and their Government. Complete +in 23 vols. 8vo. Half-calf, very neat. 1l. 10s. 1824-1829. + +BUCKINGHAM'S (J.S.) TRAVELS AMONG THE ARAB TRIBES in Mesopotamia, +Asia Minor, Assyria, Media, and Persia. 3 vols. 4to., not uniform in +binding. Maps, Portrait, and upwards of 80 Illustrations, 1l. 17s. +1825-1829. + +BYRON'S (LORD) LETTERS AND JOURNALS, with Notices of his Life, by +THOMAS MOORE. 3 vols. 8vo., illustrated with 41 Engravings by the +Findens, from Designs by Turner, Stanfield, &c., elegantly +half-bound morocco, marbled edges, in the best style, by Hayday, 1l. +8s. 1813. + +DALLAWAY'S INQUIRY INTO THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF HERALDRY IN +ENGLAND. Royal 4to., coloured plates, calf, very neat, 16s. +Gloucester, 1793. + +THE EDINBURGH REVIEW, from its Commencement in 1802 to the Year +1824, forming a valuable Series of the Journal. 40 vols. in 20. +8vo., nearly half-bound in russia, only 2l. 12s. 6d. 1802-1824 + +FRERON L'ANNE LITTERAIRE, from 1754 to 1777, wanting a few +intermediate Volumes. 166 vols. 12mo., calf, neat, 2l. 2s. +1754-1777. + +GALLERY OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN PORTRAITS, with Memoirs by various +distinguished Writers. 7 vols. imp. 8vo. cloth, uncut, top edges +gilt. 168 fine Portraits. An early copy. 3l. 13s. 6d. + +GIUSTINIAN (BERNARD) HISTORIE CHRONOLOGICHE DEL L'ORIGINR DEGL' +ORDINI MILITARI E DI TUTTE LE RELIGIONI CARVALLE RESCHE INFINO AD +HORA INSTITUITE NEL MONDO. 2 vols. royal 4 to. Illustrated with 30 +fine full-length Engravings of the Costumes, &c. of the various +Orders of Knighthood in the World, with numerous other Illustrations, +1l. 11s. 6d. Venezen, 1692. + +JOURNAL OF THE LONDON GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, from its Commencement. +12 vols. 8vo. half-calf, gilt, Maps, &c. 3l. 3s. + +LINGARD'S (JOHN, D.D.) HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the First Invasion +of the Romans. 13 vols. fcap. 8vo. Vignette title-pages. 1l. 18s. +1837. &c. + +LADIES' MONTHLY MUSEUM; OR POLITE REPOSITORY OF AMUSEMENT AND +INSTRUCTION: from its Commencement. 19 vols. 12mo. half-bound, +uncut; profusely illustrated with Portraits of celebrated Females, +and an extensive variety of coloured Costumes. 1l. 5s. 1799-1807. + +THE LITERARY GAZETTE, a JOURNAL OF BELLES LETTRES, FINE ARTS, and +SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION, from its Commencement in 1817 to the Year +1844, inclusive. 24 vols. 4to. half-calf, neat, and uniform. 3l. +18s. 1817-1844. + +A clean, handsomely bound copy of this valuable repertory of +literary, scientific, and fine art information during the last +quarter of a century. + +PALEY, (W.) D.D., THE ENTIRE WORKS OF, With a BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH of +the AUTHOR By the Rev. D.S. WAYLAND, 5 vols. 8vo. Half calf, extra +marble edges; fine Portrait. New and neat. Only 1l. 2s. 1837. + +PORTRAITS OF THE PRINCES AND PEOPLE OF INDIA. By the Hon. Miss EDEN. +Drawn on Stone by L. DICKENSON. Folio Half-bound; morocco. 24 fine +Engravings. 1l. 5s. + +PUNCH, OR THE LONDON CHARIVARI, from the Commencement to June, 1849. +16 vols. Complete in 8 thick 4to. vols., half-bound calf, gilt, many +thousand Engravings, only 4l. 4s. + +SHAKESPEARE ALBUM; a Series of One Hundred and Seventy Illustrations +from the Plates to Boydell's Edition of Shakespeare, as published to +the Edition edited by Valpy. Fcap. 8vo., cloth, gilt, 12s. 6d; or +elegantly bound in morocco, gilt edges, richly tooled back and +sides, 16s. 1831.--But a very small number of copies were printed +for sale in this form. + +SHIRLEY, JAMES, THE DRAMATIC WORKS AND POEMS OF. now first +collected, with Notes by GIFFORD, and an Account of his Life by the +Rev. ALEX. DYER. 6 vols. 8vo., half-bound morocco, marble edges, +fine Portraits, 1l. 16s. 1833. + +TRIALS:--An extensive Collection of State Trials, in 5 vols. folio, +calf, very neat, 1l. 8s. 1719, &c. + +TYPOGRAPHIA, OR THE PRINTER'S INSTRUCTOR, including an Account of +the Origin of Printing, by J. JOHNSON. 2 very thick vols. 24mo., +upward of 1500 pages of Letter-press, profusely illustrated and +ornamented with borders. Woodcuts, &c., the most perfect +Typographical work published. Only 3s. 6d.--J.M. is enabled to offer +this work at a price that must place it in the hands of every +printer's apprentice, as well as the lover of books. + + * * * * * + +JOHN MILLER, 43. Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square. + + * * * * * {240} + +EXHIBITION OF WORKS OF ANCIENT AND MEDIAEVAL ART. + +COMMITTEE. + +PRESIDENT AND CHAIRMAN, + +H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT, K.G., F.R.S., F.S.A. + +VICE-PRESIDENTS. + +THE EARL OF ENNISKILLEN. +RIGHT HON. SIDNEY HERBERT, M.P. +SIR JOHN P. BOILEAU, Bart., F.R.S. +HENRY THOMAS HOPE, Esq. M.P. + +The Duke of Northumberland, F.R.S., F.S.A. +The Marquis of Northampton, M.A. +The Earl of Jersey. +The Earl of Ellesmere, F.S.A. +The Bishop of Oxford, F.R.S., V.P.S.A. +Lord Albert Denison, M.P., K.C.H., F.S.A. +Hon. Robert Curzon, Jun. +Hon. James Talbot, M.R.I.A. +Sir Philip de Malpas Grey-Edgerton, Bart., M.P., F.R.S. +The Very Rev. the Dean of Westminster, F.R.S. +J.Y. Akerman, Esq., Sec S.A. +Beriah Botfield, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A. +John Bruce, Esq., Trea. S.A. +Henry Cole, Esq. +J. Payne Collier, Esq., V.P.S.A. +William R. Drake, Esq., F.S.A. +Henry Farrer, Esq. +Augustus W. Franks, Esq., B.A., Hon. Sec. +Peter le Neve Foster, Esq., M.A. +Edward Hallstone, Esq., F.S.A. +M. Rohde Hawkins, Esq. +Rev. Joseph Hunter, F.S.A. +H. Bowyer Lane, Esq. +Hollingsworth Magniae, Esq. +Octavius S. Morgan, Esq., M.P., F.S.A. +Frederic Ouvry, Esq., F.S.A. +James Robinson Planche, Esq., F.S.A. +Samuel Redgrave, Esq. +Henry Shaw, Esq., F.S.A. +Edward Smirke, Esq., F.S.A. +C. Roach Smith, Esq., F.S.A. +Captain W.H. Smyth, R.N., F.R.S., Dir. S.A. +William J. Thoms, Esq., F.S.A. +William Tite, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A. +John Webb, Esq. + +The above COMMITTEE has been formed for the purpose of organising an +EXHIBITION OF WORKS OF ANCIENT AND MEDIAEVAL ART. The SOCIETY OF ARTS +having considered that such an Exhibition is not only likely to be +interesting to the public, but also to be especially useful to +Manufacturers (with reference to the Exhibition of Works of Industry +of all Nations to be held in the year 1851), have placed a portion +of their Rooms at the disposal of the Committee, and have agreed to +adopt the Exhibition as part of that annually made by the Society, +thereby taking all the expenses connected with it upon themselves. +The Committee, regarding the Exhibition in the twofold character +contemplated by the Society of Arts, have resolved that the objects +of ancient and mediaeval art of which the Exhibition is to be +composed, shall, as far as possible, be selected with reference to +their beauty and the practical illustration which they are likely to +afford of processes of manufacture; and now beg to invite the +possessors of Works deemed suitable for such an exhibition to assist +the Committee in their very important office, by entering into +communication with them, respecting the nature of any objects which +they may be willing to offer for exhibition. + +It is requested that all Works proposed for exhibition be punctually +sent to the Rooms of the SOCIETY OF ARTS, John Street, Adelphi, on +or before the 20th of February, it being imperative that the +Exhibition should open in early March. + +Letters and Communications should be addressed to AUGUSTUS W. +FRANKS, Esq. Honorary Secretary to the Committee, Society of Arts, +John Street, Adelphi. + +By order of the Committee, AUGUSTUS W. FRANKS Hon. Sec. + + * * * * * + +RECENT POPULAR WORKS + +I. + +4TH EDIT. LAYARD'S NARRATIVE. Plates, 2 vols. 8vo. 36s. + + +II. + +3RD EDIT. CURZON'S MONASTERIES of the LEVANT. Woodcuts. Post +8vo. 15s. + + +III. + +3RD EDIT. SIR FOWELL BUXTON'S MEMOIRS. Post 8vo. 8s. 6d. + + +IV. + +2ND EDIT. SIR C. LYELL'S 2ND VISIT to the U. STATES 2 vols. post +8vo. 18s. + +V. + +2ND EDIT. ARCHDEACON WILBERFORCE on BAPTISM. 8vo. 7s. 6d. + + +VI. + +2ND EDIT. DR. FORBES' PHYSICIAN'S HOLIDAY. Plates. Post 8vo. +Next week. + + +VII. + +3RD EDIT. IRVING'S LIFE OF COLUMBUS. Maps. 3 vols. 8vo. 31s. +6d. + + +VIII. + +2ND EDIT. SOMERVILLE'S PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 2 vols. fcap. 8vo. +12s. + + +IX. + +4TH EDIT. RUXTON'S ADVENTURES in MEXICO. Post 8vo. 6s. + + +X. + +3RD EDIT. IRVING'S LIFE OF GOLDSMITH. Post 8vo. 6s. + + +XI. + +2ND EDIT. PAGET'S HUNGARY. 2 vols. 8vo. 24s. + + +XII. + +4TH EDIT. MELVILLE'S MARQUESAS. 2 vols. Post 8vo. 12s. + + +XIII. + +3RD EDIT. CROKER'S BOSWELL'S JOHNSON. Portraits. 1 vol. 8vo. +18s. + + +XIV. + +2ND EDIT. GLEIG'S LIFE OF MUNRO. Post 8vo. 6s. + + +XV. + +2ND EDIT. THE PRAYER BOOK ILLUSTRATED. Medium 8vo. 21s. Antique +binding. + + +XVI. + +2ND EDIT. MANTEL ON THE INVISIBLE WORLD. Plates. 16mo. 6s. + + +XVII. + +3RD EDIT. THE ARABIAN NIGHTS, ILLUSTRATED. 3 vols. Post 8vo. +18s. + +JOHN MURRAY: Albemarle Street. + + * * * * * + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. +New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; +and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish +of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. +186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, February 9. 1850. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries 1850.02.09, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES 1850.02.09 *** + +***** This file should be named 11929.txt or 11929.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/1/9/2/11929/ + +Produced by Jon Ingram, Susan Lucy and PG Distributed Proofreaders. +Produced from images provided by The Internet Library of Early +Journals. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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