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diff --git a/old/13199-h/13199-h.htm b/old/13199-h/13199-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..95956cd --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13199-h/13199-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2671 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> + + <title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 469.</title> + + <style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {margin-right: 40%; margin-left: 40%; width: 20%;} + + .note, .footnote + {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum + {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem + {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;} + + .figure + {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;} + .figure img + {border: none;} + .figure p + + .side { float:right; + font-size: 75%; + width: 25%; + padding-left:10px; + border-left: dashed thin; + margin-left: 10px; + text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; + font-weight: bold; + font-style: italic;} + .center { text-align: center; } + --> + </style> +</head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction + Vol. XVII. No. 469. Saturday January 1, 1831 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: August 17, 2004 [EBook #13199] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Victoria Woosley and PG Distributed +Proofreaders + + + + + + +</pre> + + <hr class="full" /> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page1" name="page1"></a>[pg 1]</span> + + <h1>THE MIRROR<br /> + OF<br /> + LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1> + <hr class="full" /> + + <table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date"> + <tr> + <td align="left"><b>Vol. XVII. No. 469.</b></td> + <td align="center"><b>SATURDAY JANUARY 1, 1831</b></td> + <td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2<i>d.</i></b></td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + +<div class="figure" style="width:75%;"><a href="images/469-1.png"><img width="75%" src="images/469-1.png" alt="" /></a><h3>Copied from one of the prints of last year's +Landscape Annual, from a drawing, by Prout. +This proves what we said of the imperishable interest +of the Engravings of the L.A.</h3></div> +<hr /> + + +<p>Petrarch and Arquà; Ariosto, Tasso, +and Ferrara;—how delightfully are these +names and sites linked in the fervour of +Italian poetry. Lord Byron halted at +these consecrated spots, in his "Pilgrimage" +through the land of song:—</p> +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">There is a tomb in Arquà;—rear'd in air,</p> +<p class="i2">Pillar'd in their sarcophagus, repose</p> +<p class="i2">The bones of Laura's lover: here repair</p> +<p class="i2">Many familiar with his well-sung woes,</p> +<p class="i2">The pilgrims of his genius. He arose</p> +<p class="i2">To raise a language, and his land reclaim</p> +<p class="i2">From the dull yoke of her barbaric foes:</p> +<p class="i2">Watering the tree which bears his lady's name</p> +<p>With his melodious tears, he gave himself to fame.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">They keep his dust in Arquà, where he died;</p> +<p class="i2">The mountain-village where his latter days</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page2" id="page2"></a>[pg 2]</span> +<p class="i2">Went down the vale of years; and 'tis their pride—</p> +<p class="i2">An honest pride—and let it be their praise,</p> +<p class="i2">To offer to the passing stranger's gaze</p> +<p class="i2">His mansion and his sepulchre; both plain</p> +<p class="i2">And venerably simple; such as raise</p> +<p class="i2">A feeling more accordant with his strain</p> +<p>Than if a pyramid form'd his monumental fane.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">And the soft quiet hamlet where he dwelt</p> +<p class="i2">Is one of that complexion which seems made</p> +<p class="i2">For those who their mortality have felt,</p> +<p class="i2">And sought a refuge from their hopes decay'd</p> +<p class="i2">In the deep umbrage of a green hill's shade,</p> +<p class="i2">Which shows a distant prospect far away</p> +<p class="i2">Of busy cities, now in vain display'd,</p> +<p class="i2">For they can lure no further; and the ray</p> +<p>Of a bright sun can make sufficient holiday,</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Developing the mountains, leaves, and flowers,</p> +<p class="i2">And shining in the brawling brook, where-by,</p> +<p class="i2">Clear as a current, glide the sauntering hours</p> +<p class="i2">With a calm languor, which, though to the eye</p> +<p class="i2">Idlesse it seem, hath its morality.</p> +<p class="i2">If from society we learn to live,</p> +<p class="i2">'Tis solitude should teach us how to die;</p> +<p class="i2">It hath no flatterers, vanity can give</p> +<p>No hollow aid; alone—man with his God must strive;</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Or, it may be, with demons, who impair</p> +<p class="i2">The strength of better thoughts, and seek their prey</p> +<p class="i2">In melancholy bosoms, such as were</p> +<p class="i2">Of moody texture from their earliest day,</p> +<p class="i2">And loved to dwell in darkness and dismay,</p> +<p class="i2">Deeming themselves predestin'd to a doom</p> +<p class="i2">Which is not of the pangs that pass away;</p> +<p class="i2">Making the sun like blood, the earth a tomb,</p> +<p>The tomb a hell, and hell itself a murkier gloom.<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a></p> + </div> </div> + +<p>The noble bard, not content with perpetuating +Arquà in these soul-breathing +stanzas, has appended to them the following +note:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +Petrarch retired to Arquà immediately +on his return from the unsuccessful attempt +to visit Urban V. at Rome, in the +year 1370, and, with the exception of +his celebrated visit to Venice in company +with Francesco Novello da Carrara, +he appears to have passed the four last +years of his life between that charming +solitude and Padua. For four months +previous to his death he was in a state +of continual languor, and in the morning +of July the 19th, in the year 1374, +was found dead in his library chair with +his head resting upon a book. The +chair is still shown amongst the precious +relics of Arquà, which, from the uninterrupted +veneration that has been attached +to every thing relative to this great man +from the moment of his death to the present +hour, have, it may be hoped, a better +chance of authenticity than the Shaksperian +memorials of Stratford-upon-Avon.</p> + +<p>Arquà (for the last syllable is accented +in pronunciation, although the +analogy of the English language has +been observed in the verse) is twelve +miles from Padua, and about three miles +on the right of the high road to Rovigo, +in the bosom of the Euganean Hills. +After a walk of twenty minutes across +a flat, well-wooded meadow, you come to +a little blue lake, clear, but fathomless, +and to the foot of a succession of acclivities +and hills, clothed with vineyards +and orchards, rich with fir and pomegranate +trees, and every sunny fruit +shrub. From the banks of the lake the +road winds into the hills, and the church +of Arquà is soon seen between a cleft +where two ridges slope towards each +other, and nearly inclose the village. +The houses are scattered at intervals on +the steep sides of these summits; and +that of the poet is on the edge of a little +knoll overlooking two descents, and +commanding a view not only of the +glowing gardens in the dales immediately +beneath, but of the wide plains, above +whose low woods of mulberry and willow +thickened into a dark mass by festoons +of vines, tall single cypresses, and the +spires of towns are seen in the distance, +which stretches to the mouths of the Po +and the shores of the Adriatic. The +climate of these volcanic hills is warmer, +and the vintage begins a week sooner +than in the plains of Padua. Petrarch +is laid, for he cannot be said to be +buried, in a sarcophagus of red marble, +raised on four pilasters on an elevated +base, and preserved from an association +with meaner tombs. It stands conspicuously +alone, but will be soon overshadowed +by four lately planted laurels. +Petrarch's fountain, for here every thing +is Petrarch's, springs and expands itself +beneath an artificial arch, a little below +the church, and abounds plentifully, in +the driest season, with that soft water +which was the ancient wealth of the +Euganean Hills. It would be more attractive, +were it not, in some seasons, +beset with hornets and wasps. No +other coincidence could assimilate the +tombs of Petrarch and Archilochus. +The revolutions of centuries have spared +these sequestered valleys, and the only +violence which has been offered to the +ashes of Petrarch was prompted, not by +hate, but veneration. An attempt was +made to rob the sarcophagus of its treasure, +and one of the arms was stolen by +a Florentine through a rent which is +still visible. The injury is not forgotten, +but has served to identify the +poet with the country, where he was +born, but where he would not live. A +peasant boy of Arquà being asked who +Petrarch was, replied, "that the people +of the parsonage knew all about him, +but that he only knew that he was a +Florentine."</p> + +<p>Every footstep of Laura's lover has +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page3" id="page3"></a>[pg 3]</span> +been anxiously traced and recorded. +The house in which he lodged is shown +in Venice. The inhabitants of Arezzo, +in order to decide the ancient controversy +between their city and the neighbouring +Ancisa, where Petrarch was +carried when seven months old, and remained +until his seventh year, have designated +by a long inscription the spot +where their great fellow citizen was +born. A tablet has been raised to him +at Parma, in the chapel of St. Agatha, +at the cathedral, because he was archdeacon +of that society, and was only +snatched from his intended sepulture in +their church by a <i>foreign</i> death. Another +tablet with a bust has been erected +to him at Pavia, on account of his having +passed the autumn of 1368 in that city, +with his son-in-law Brossano. The +political condition which has for ages +precluded the Italians from the criticism +of the living, has concentrated their attention +to the illustration of the dead. +</p></blockquote> + +<p>Byron's visit was in 1818. Of this +we may quote more on the appearance +of Mr. Moore's second volume of the +Poet's Life. Meanwhile, let us add the +following graceful paper from the +<i>Athenæum</i>, June 12, 1830: the subject +harmonizes most happily with the classic +title of that journal. It will be perceived +that the tourist is familiar with +Mr. Prout's drawing, or the original of +our Engraving.</p> + +<blockquote><p> +At Monselice we took another carriage, +and dashed off to the Euganean +Hills, to visit Arquà, the last dwelling +and the burial-place of Petrarch. The +road, in the feeling of M'Adam, is antediluvian, +or rather post-diluvian, for it is +little better than a water-course; but it +passes through a country where I first +saw olive-trees in abundance, vines in +the luxuriance of nature, and pomegranates +growing in hedges. The situation +of the little village is perfectly delightful—of +Petrarch's villa, beautiful. +The apartments he occupied command +the finest view, and are so detached from +the noise and annoyances of the farm +dwelling, though connected under one +roof, that I think it not impossible he +made the addition. There are four or +five rooms altogether, if two little closets +of not more than six feet by three may +be called rooms; yet one of these is +believed to have been his study; and in +his study, and at his literary enjoyments, +he died. Every thing is preserved with +a reverential care that does honour to +the people; and his chair, like less holy +and less credible relics, is inclosed in a +wire-frame, to prevent the dilapidations +of the curious. I believe these things +to be genuine. I believe in the local +traditions that point out his study, and +his kitchen, and his dying chamber.—Petrarch +was all but idolized in his own +time, and his fame has known no diminution; +therefore these affectionate recollections +of him have always been +treasured there for the gratification of +his pilgrims, and with a becoming reverence +themselves, the people naturally +set apart as sacred all that belonged to +him. I have noticed the compactness +of his few rooms, and their separation +from the larger apartments—they have +also a separate communication by a +small elegant flight of steps into the +garden, as you may see in Prout's drawing. +If the rooms were not an addition, +and it did not suggest itself at the +moment to look attentively, I believe +these little architectural and ornamental +steps to have been; and as we know he +did meddle with brick and mortar, by +building a small chapel here, the conjecture +is not improbable;—it is but a +conjecture, and remains for others to +confirm or disprove.</p> + +<p>A little wild, irregular walk runs, serpent +like, all round the garden, which, +situated at the head of the valley, is +shut in by the hills—itself a wilderness +of luxuriance and beauty. It was a +glorious evening, and every thing in +agreement with our quiet feeling. I +am not an enthusiast, and to you I need +not affect to be other than I am; but I +have felt this day sensibly, and shall remember +it for ever. Petrarch's fame is +worth the noise and nothing of all the +men-slayers since Cain! It is fame +indeed, holy and lovely, when the name +and reputation of a man, remembered +only for wisdom and virtue, shall have +extended into remote and foreign kingdoms +with such a sound and echo, that +centuries after a stranger turns aside +into these mountains to visit his humble +dwelling. It is the verification of the +prediction of Boccaccio—"This village, +hardly known even at Padua, will become +famous through the world." I do not +presume to offer a eulogy on Petrarch +as a writer, but as a man. In all the +relations of son, brother, father, he is +deserving all honour; and I know not +another instance of such long-continued, +sincere, and graceful friendships, through +all varieties of fortune, from the Cardinal +of Cabassole, to the poor fisherman +at Vaucluse, as his life offers; including +literary friendships, which, after so many +years, passed without one discordant +feeling of rivalry or jealousy, ended so +generously and beautifully, with his +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page4" id="page4"></a>[pg 4]</span> +bequest to poor Boccaccio of "five hundred +florins of the gold of Florence, to +buy him a winter habit for his evening +studies," and this noble testimony of his +ability in addition—"I am ashamed to +leave so small a sum to so great a man."</p> + +<p>Petrarch, in my opinion, was one of +the most amiable men that ever lived;—I +know nothing about Laura, or her ten +children; I agree with those who believe +the whole was a dream or an allegory; +and, I half suspect that Shakspeare +thought so too, and following a fashion, +addressed his own sonnets to some like +persons; at any rate, no one knows +about either much more than I do;—certainly +Petrarch's <i>real</i> love had more +real consequences. Petrarch was a sincere +Christian, without intolerance—a +sound patriot, without austerity; who +neither wasted his feelings in the idle +generalities of philosophy, nor restricted +them to the narrow limits of a party or +faction;—he was just, generous, affectionate, +and gentle. All his sonnets +together do not shed a lustre on him +equal to the sincere, single-hearted, +mild, yet uncompromising spirit that +breathes throughout the letters of advice +and remonstrance, which, not idly +or obstrusively, but under the sanction +and authority of his great name, and the +affectionate regard professed for him, +he addressed to all whom he believed +influential either for good or ill; from +Popes and Emperors, to the well meaning +insane tribune of Rome.</p> + +<p>We went after this to see his tomb, +which is honourable without being ostentatious: +a plain stone sarcophagus, +resting on four pillars, and surmounted +by a bust; suited to the quiet of his life, +his home, and his resting-place. I +passed altogether a day that will shine +a bright star in memory; and we wandered +about there, unwilling to leave it, +until long after the ave-maria bell had +tolled, and were obliged in consequence +to get a guide, and return by another +road through the marshes, where I first +saw those fairy insects the fire-flies, and +thousands of them. For this we are +detained the night at Monselice, and +must rise the earlier, for we have written +to ——, fixing the day of our arrival +at Florence. +</p></blockquote> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>THE SILENT ACADEMY, OR +THE EMBLEMS. </h3> + +<h3>FROM THE FRENCH.</h3> + +<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4> + + +<p>There was at Amadan, a celebrated +academy, the first statute of which was +contained in these terms. "<i>The Academicians +think much, write little, and +speak but as little as possible</i>." They +were called "The Silent Academy," +and there was not a man of learning in +all Persia but was ambitious of being admitted +of their number. Doctor Zeb, +author of an excellent little work, entitled +"The Gag," understood in his +distant province that there was a vacant +place in the Silent Academy. He set +out immediately, arrived at Amadan, +and presenting himself at the door of +the hall, where the members were assembled, +he desired the doorkeeper to +deliver to the president, a billet to this +import, "<i>Doctor Zeb humbly asks the +vacant place</i>." The doorkeeper immediately +acquitted himself of his commission, +but, alas! the doctor and his billet +were too late, the place had been already +filled.</p> + +<p>The whole academy were affected at +this <i>contretems</i>; they had received a +little before, as member, a court wit, +whose eloquence, light and lively, was +the admiration of the populace, and saw +themselves obliged to refuse Doctor Zeb, +who was the very scourge of chatterers, +and with a head so well formed and furnished.</p> + +<p>The president, whose place it was to +announce to the doctor the disagreeable +news, knew not what to resolve on. +After having thought a little he filled a +large cup with water, and that so very +full, that one drop more would have +made it spill over. Then he made the +sign that they might introduce the candidate. +He appeared with that modest +and simple air which always accompanies +true merit. The president rose, +and without saying a word, he pointed +out to him with an afflicted air, the +emblematic cup, the cup so exactly full. +The doctor apprehended the meaning +that there was no room for him in +the academy; but taking courage, he +thought to make them understand that +an academician supernumerary would +derange nothing. Therefore, seeing at +his feet a rose leaf, he picked it up and +laid it delicately on the surface of the +water, and that so gently, that not a +single drop escaped.</p> + +<p>At this ingenious answer they were +all full of admiration, and in spite of +rules, Doctor Zeb was admitted with +acclamation.</p> + +<p>They directly presented to him the +register of the academy in which they +inscribed their names on their admission, +and the doctor having done so, nothing +more remained than to thank them in a +few words according to custom. But +Doctor Zeb, as a truly <i>silent</i> academician, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page5" id="page5"></a>[pg 5]</span> +thanked them without saying a +word. He wrote on the margin the +number 100, which was the number of +his new brethren, and then placing a +cipher before the figure (0100) he wrote +beneath "<i>Their worth is neither less +nor more</i>." The president answered +the modest doctor with as much politeness +as presence of mind: he put the +figure 1 before the number 100, and +wrote (1100) "<i>They are ten times what +they were before</i>."</p> + +<h4><i>Dorset</i>.</h4> + +<h4>COLBOURNE.</h4> + +<hr /> + + + + +<h2>The Topographer.</h2> + + +<h3>TRAVELLING NOTES IN SOUTH WALES.</h3> + + +<p><i>Vale of Tawy—Copper Works, &c.—Coal +Trade.</i>—In our former paper<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> we +gave a description of the Vale of Tawy, +as it appears by night; we will now +again revisit it. The stranger who explores +this vale must expect to return +with a bad headache. We have described +it as a desolate looking place, when seen +at night, but the darkness only throws a +veil over its barrenness. The face of +the country, which would otherwise have +been beautiful, is literally scorched by +the desolating effects of the copper +smoke; and when it is considered that +a multitude of flues are constantly emitting +smoke and flames strongly impregnated +with sulphur, arsenic, &c., it is +not to be wondered at. A canal runs +up the vale into the country for sixteen +miles, to an elevation of 372 feet: it is +flanked near the copper-works by many +millions of tons of copper slag; and +there are no less than thirty-six locks on +the line. It is a fact, that in spite of +the infernal atmosphere, a great many +of the people employed in these works +attain old age. Every evil effect about +Swansea, however, is ascribed to the +copper smoke. The houses in this district +are remarkable for clean exterior: +the custom of whitewashing the roofs, +as well as the walls, produces a pleasing +effect, and is a relief to the eye in such +a desert. There are eight large copper +smelting establishments, besides several +rolling-mills, now at work; the whole +country is covered with tram-roads and +coal-pits, many of which vomit forth +their mineral treasures close to the road +side. At Landore, about two miles from +Swansea, is a large steam-engine, made +by Bolton and Watt, which was formerly +the lion of the neighbourhood. This +pumping engine draws the water from all +the collieries in the vale, throwing up one +hundred gallons of water at each stroke: +it makes twelve strokes in a minute, and +consequently discharges 72,000 gallons +an hour. This engine, however, is very +inferior in construction and finish to the +pumping engines of Cornwall, some of +which are nearly three hundred horsepower. +At the consols mines, there are +two engines, each with cylinders of ninety +inches in diameter, and everything about +them kept as clean as a drawing-room. +What an extraordinary triumph of the +ingenuity of man, when it is considered +that one of these gigantic engines can be +stopped in an instant, by the mere application +of the fingers and thumb of +the engineer to a screw! The quantity +of coals consumed by the copper-works +is enormous. We have heard that +Messrs. Vivians, who have the largest +works on the river, alone consume +40,000 tons annually: this coal is all +small, and not fit for exportation. The +copper trade may be considered as comparatively +of modern date. The first +smelting works were erected at Swansea, +about a century ago; but now it is calculated +that they support, including the +collieries and shipping dependant on +them, 10,000 persons, and that 3,000<i>l.</i> +is circulated weekly by their means in +this district. Till within the last few +years, there were considerable copper +smelting establishments at Hayle, in +Cornwall; but that county possessing +no coals, they were obliged to be abandoned, +as it was found to be much +cheaper to bring the ore to the coal than +the latter to the ore. Formerly, from +the want of machinery to drain the +water from the workings (copper being +generally found at a much greater depth +than tin), the miners were compelled to +relinquish the metallic vein before reaching +the copper: indeed, when it was +first discovered, and even so late as 1735, +they were so ignorant of its value, that +a Mr. Coster, a mineralogist in Bristol, +observing large quantities of it lying +amongst the heaps of rubbish round the +tin mines, contracted to purchase as +much of it as could be supplied, and +continued to gain by Cornish ignorance +for a considerable time. The first discoverer +of the ore was called Poder (it +long went by his name), who actually +abandoned the mine in consequence; +and we find that it was for some time +considered that "<i>the ore came in and +spoilt the tin</i>." In the year 1822 the +produce of the Cornish copper mines +amounted to 106,723 tons of ore, which +produced 9,331 tons of copper, and +676,285<i>l.</i> in money. In the same year, +the quantity of tin ore raised was only +20,000 tons. The Irish and Welsh ores +are generally much richer than those of +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page6" id="page6"></a>[pg 6]</span> +Cornwall; but occasionally they strike +on a very rich <i>lode</i> (or vein) in that +county. Last spring, some ore from +the Penstruthal mine was ticketed at +Truro, at the enormous price of 54<i>l.</i> 14<i>s.</i> +per ton; and a short time previous, in +the Great St. George Mine, near St. +Agnes, a lode was struck five feet thick, +which was worth 20<i>l.</i> a ton. There are +only six other copper-works in the kingdom +besides those of Swansea, five of +which are within fifteen miles of that +town; the other is at Amlwch (in the +isle of Anglesea), where the Marquess of +Anglesea smelts the ore raised in his +mines there. The annual import of ore +into Swansea in 1812 was 53,353 tons; +in 1819, 70,256 tons were brought coastwise: +besides which, several thousand +tons of copper ore are imported from +America every year. Since this period +there has been a large increase. Most +of the ships which are freighted with +copper ore load back with coal, for the +Cornish and Irish markets. Of bituminous, +in 1812, 43,529 chalders, and in +1819, 46,457 chalders were shipped +coastwise, besides a foreign trade of +about 5,000 chalders every year. Most +of this goes to France, the French vessels +coming here in ballast for this purpose; +but all coal shipped for abroad +must be riddled through a screen composed +of iron bars, placed three-eighths +of an inch apart, as it is literally almost +dust. Great hopes are now entertained +here that government will abolish the +oppressive duty on sea-borne coal. In +the stone-coal and culm<a id="footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> trade, Swansea +and Neath almost supply the whole +kingdom. Independent of foreign trade, +55,066 chalders of culm and 10,319 tons +of stone-coal were shipped coastwise in +1819: last year the ports of Swansea +and Neath shipped 123,000 chalders of +stone-coal and culm. Stone-coal improves +in quality as it advances westward. +That of Milford, of which however +only about 6,000 chalders are +annually exported, sells generally at +from 50<i>s.</i> to 60<i>s.</i> per chaldron in the +London market—a price vastly exceeding +the finest Newcastle coal. It emits +no smoke, and is used principally in +lime-burning and in manufactories where +an intense heat and the absence of smoke +is required. The Swansea culm is mostly +obtained about thirteen miles from the +town. The bituminous coal mines in +the vale of Tawy are fast getting exhausted, +and the supply of coal must at +no distant day be drawn farther westward, +near the Burry River, where the +quality of the coal is much improved, +approaching nearer to that of Newcastle. +The national importance of the +inexhaustible supply of this mineral +which exists in Wales, is incalculable; +but as it has already been alluded to in +<i>The Mirror</i>, in an extract from Mr. +Bakewell's Geology, we will not farther +pursue the subject.<a id="footnotetag4" name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> While mentioning +the trade of Swansea, we should not +omit to state that two extensive potteries, +tin and ironworks, and founderies, +&c., and bonding warehouses and yards +for foreign goods, &c. exist here.</p> + +<h4>VYVIAN.</h4> + + +<hr /> + + + + +<h2>Spirit Of The Annuals.</h2> + +<h3>A FRENCH GENTLEMAN'S LETTER TO AN +ENGLISH FRIEND IN LONDON.</h3> + + +<p>Ah my deer frend—I cannot feel the +plaisir I expresse to come to your country +charming, for you see. We are arrive +at Southampton before yesterday at +one hour of the afternoon, and we are +debarked very nice. I never believe +you when at Paris, you tell me that the +Englishwomen get on much before our +women; but now I agree quite with +you; I know you laughing at your +countrywomen for take such long steps! +My faith! I never saw such a mode to +walk; they take steps long like the man! +Very pretty women! but not equal to +ours! White skins, and the tint fresh, +but they have no mouths nor no eyes. +Our women have lips like rose-buttons; +and eyes of lightning; the English have +mouth wide like the toads, and their +eyes are like <i>"dreaming sheeps,"</i> as one +of our very talented writers say, "mouton +qui rève." It is excellent, that. I +am not perceived so many English ladies +<i>tipsy</i> as I expect; our General Pilon +say they all drink brandy; this I have +not seen very much. I was very surprise +to see the people's hair of any colour +but red, because all our travellers say +there is no other hair seen, except red +or white! But I come here filled with +candour, and I say I <i>have seen some</i> people +whose hair was not red. You tell +me often at Paris, that we have no music +in France. My dear friend, how you +are deceived yourself! Our music is +the finest in the world, and the German +come after; you other English have no +music; and if you had some, you have +no language to sing with. It is necessary +that you may avow your language is not +useful for the purpose ordinary of the +world. Your window of shop are all +filled at French names—"des gros de +Naples," "des gros des Indes," "des +gros d'été," &c. If English lady go for +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page7" id="page7"></a>[pg 7]</span> +demand, show me, if you please, sir, +some "fats of Naples," some "fats of +India," and some "fats of summer," +the linendraper not understand at all. +Then the colours different at the silks, +people say, "puce évanouie," "oeil de +l'empereur," "flammes, d'enfer," "feu +de l'opéra;" but you never hear lady +say, I go for have gown made of "fainting +fleas," or "emperors' eyes," or +"opera fires," or of the "flames" of a +place which you tell me once for say +never to ears polite! You also like very +much our musique in England; the +street-organs tell you best the taste of +the people, and I hear them play always +"Le petit tambour," "Oh, gardezvous, +bergerette," "Dormez, mes chéres +amours," and twenty little French airs, +of which we are fatigued there is a long +time. I go this morning for make visit +to the house of a very nice family. When +I am there some time, I demand of the +young ladies, what for they not go out? +One reply, "Thank you, sir, we are +always oblige for stay at home, because +papa <i>enjoy such very bad health</i>." I +say, "Oh yes! How do you do your +papa this morning, misses!" "He is +much worse, I am obliged to you, sir!" +I bid them good bye, and think in myself +how the English are odd to <i>enjoy</i> bad +health, and the young ladies much oblige +to me because their papa was much +worse! "Chacun à son goút," as we +say. In my road to come home, I see a +board on a gate, and I stopped myself +for read him. He was for say, any persons +beating carpets, playing cricket, +and such like diversions there, should +be persecuted. My faith! you other +English are so droll to find any diversion +in beating carpets! Yet it is quite as +amusing as to play the cricket, to beat +one little ball with big stick, then run +about like madmen, then throw away +big stick, and get great knock upon +your face or legs. And then at cards +again! What stupid game whist! Play +for amuse people, but may not laugh +any! Ah! how the English are droll! +I have nothing of more for say to you +at present; but I am soon seeing you, +when I do assure you of the eternal regard +and everlasting affection of your +much attached friend.—<i>Comic Offering</i>.</p> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>HOOD'S COMIC ANNUAL.</h3> + + +<p>We have taken a slice, or rather, <i>four +cuts</i>, from Mr. Hood's facetious volume. +Their fun needs not introduction, +for the effect of wit is instantaneous. +To talk about them would be +like saying "see how droll they are." +We omitted the Conditions drawn up +by the Provisional Government, (the +baker, butcher, publican, &c.) in our +account of the revolutionary stir, or as +the march-of-mind people call a riot, +"the ebullition of popular feeling," at +Stoke Pogis. Here they are, worthy of +any Vestry in the kingdom, Select or +otherwise.</p> + +<blockquote><p>"<i>Conditions.</i></p> + +<p>"1. That for the future, widows in +Stoke Pogis shall be allowed their thirds, +and Novembers their fifths.</p> + +<p>"2. That the property of Guys shall +be held inviolable, and their persons +respected.</p> + +<p>"3. That no arson be allowed, but +all bon-fires shall be burnt by the common +hangman.</p> + +<p>"4. That every rocket shall be allowed +an hour to leave the place.</p> + +<p>"5. That the freedom of Stoke Pogis +be presented to Madame Hengler, in a +cartridge-box.</p> + +<p>"6. That the military shall not be +called out, uncalled for.</p> + +<p>"7. That the parish beadle, for the +time being, be authorized to stand no +nonsense.</p> + +<p>"8. That his Majesty's mail be permitted +to pass on the night in question.</p> + +<p>"9. That all animosities be buried in +oblivion, at the Parish expense.</p> + +<p>"10. That the ashes of old bon-fires +be never raked up.</p> + +<p>" (Signed) +<span style="margin-left: 10em; display: block;">{WAGSTAFF, High Constable.</span> +<span style="margin-left: 10em;">{WIGSBY."</span></p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p>Our next quotations are two comico-serio +Ballads:—</p> + + +<h4>FRENCH AND ENGLISH.</h4> + +<blockquote><p> +"Good Heaven! why even the little children +in France speak French!" ADDISON. +</p></blockquote> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i8">I.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Never go to France</p> +<p>Unless you know the lingo,</p> +<p>If you do, like me,</p> +<p>You will repent by jingo,</p> +<p>Staring like a fool</p> +<p>And silent as a mummy,</p> +<p>There I stood alone,</p> +<p>A nation with a dummy.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i8">II.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Chaises stand for chairs,</p> +<p>They christen letters <i>Billies,</i></p> +<p>They call their mothers <i>mares,</i></p> +<p>And all their daughters <i>fillies;</i></p> +<p>Strange it was to hear,</p> +<p>I'll tell you what's a good 'un,</p> +<p>They call their leather <i>queer</i>,</p> +<p>And half their shoes are wooden.</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page8" id="page8"></a>[pg 8]</span> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i8">III.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Signs I had to make</p> +<p>For every little notion,</p> +<p>Limbs all going like</p> +<p>A telegraph in motion.</p> +<p>For wine I reel'd about,</p> +<p>To show my meaning fully,</p> +<p>And made a pair of horns.</p> +<p>To ask for "beef and bully."</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i8">IV.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Moo! I cried for milk;</p> +<p>I got my sweet things snugger,</p> +<p>When I kissed Jeannette,</p> +<p>'Twas understood for sugar.</p> +<p>If I wanted bread.</p> +<p>My jaws I set a-going,</p> +<p>And asked for new-laid eggs</p> +<p>By clapping hands and crowing.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i8">V.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>If I wished a ride,</p> +<p>I'll tell you how I got it:</p> +<p>On my stick astride,</p> +<p>I made believe to trot it;</p> +<p>Then their cash was strange,</p> +<p>It bored me every minute,</p> +<p>Now here's a <i>hog</i> to change,</p> +<p>How many <i>sows</i> are in it.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i8">VI.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Never go to France</p> +<p>Unless you know the lingo;</p> +<p>If you do, like me,</p> +<p>You will repent, by jingo;</p> +<p>Staring like a fool,</p> +<p>And silent as a mummy,</p> +<p>There I stood alone,</p> +<p>A nation with a dummy.</p> + </div> </div> + + +<h4>THE DUEL.</h4> + +<h4>A SERIOUS BALLAD.</h4> + +<blockquote><p> +"Like the two Kings of Brentford smelling at +one nosegay." +</p></blockquote> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>In Brentford town, of old renown,</p> +<p class="i2">There lived a Mister Bray.</p> +<p>Who fell in love with Lucy Bell,</p> +<p class="i2">And so did Mr. Clay.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>To see her ride from Hammersmith,</p> +<p class="i2">By all it was allowed,</p> +<p>Such fair outsides are seldom seen,</p> +<p class="i2">Such Angels on a Cloud.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Said Mr. Bray to Mr. Clay,</p> +<p class="i2">You choose to rival me,</p> +<p>And court Miss Bell, but there your court</p> +<p class="i2">No thoroughfare shall be.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Unless you now give up your suit,</p> +<p class="i2">You may repent your love</p> +<p>I who have shot a pigeon match,</p> +<p class="i2">Can shoot a turtle dove.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>So pray before you woo her more,</p> +<p class="i2">Consider what you do;</p> +<p>If you pop aught to Lucy Bell—</p> +<p class="i2">I'll pop it into you.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Said Mr. Clay to Mr. Bray.</p> +<p class="i2">Your threats I quite explode;</p> +<p>One who has been a volunteer</p> +<p class="i2">Knows how to prime and load.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>And so I say to you unless</p> +<p class="i2">Your passion quiet keeps,</p> +<p>I who have shot and hit bulls' eyes</p> +<p class="i2">May chance to hit a sheep's.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Now gold is oft for silver changed,</p> +<p class="i2">And that for copper red;</p> +<p>But these two went away to give</p> +<p class="i2">Each other change for lead.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>But first they sought a friend a-piece,</p> +<p class="i2">This pleasant thought to give—</p> +<p>When they were dead, they thus should have</p> +<p class="i2">Two seconds still to live.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>To measure out the ground not long</p> +<p class="i2">The seconds then forbore,</p> +<p>And having taken one rash step,</p> +<p class="i2">They took a dozen more.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>They next prepared each pistol-pan</p> +<p class="i2">Against the deadly strife,</p> +<p>By putting in the prime of death</p> +<p class="i2">Against the prime of life.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Now all was ready for the foes,</p> +<p class="i2">But when they took their stands.</p> +<p>Fear made them tremble so they found</p> +<p class="i2">They both were shaking hands.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Said Mr. C. to Mr. B.,</p> +<p class="i2">Here one of us may fall,</p> +<p>And like St. Paul's Cathedral now,</p> +<p class="i2">Be doom'd to have a ball.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>I do confess I did attach</p> +<p class="i2">Misconduct to your name;</p> +<p>If I withdraw the charge, will then</p> +<p class="i2">Your ramrod do the same?</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Said Mr. B. I do agree—</p> +<p class="i2">But think of Honour's Courts!</p> +<p>If We go off without a shot,</p> +<p class="i2">There will be strange reports</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>But look, the morning now is bright,</p> +<p class="i2">Though cloudy it begun;</p> +<p>Why can't we aim above, as if</p> +<p class="i2">We had call'd out the sun?</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>So up into the harmless air</p> +<p class="i2">Their bullets they did send;</p> +<p>And may all other duels have</p> +<p class="i2">That upshot in the end.</p> + </div> </div> + +<br /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page9" id="page9"></a>[pg 9]</span> +<h4> CUTS FROM HOOD'S COMIC ANNUAL.</h4> + +<p>We next quote brief illustrations of +the Cuts on the opposite page. It may +be observed that the articles themselves +have but little <i>esprit</i>, and that, unlike +most occasions, the wit lies in the +wood.</p> + +<p>First is a Sonnet accompanying the +cut "Infantry at Mess."</p> + +<a href="images/469-2.png"></a> +<img width="75%" src="images/469-2.png" alt="INFANTRY AT MESS" /> + + + +<blockquote><p> +"Sweets to the sweet—farewell."—<i>Hamlet.</i> +</p></blockquote> + +<p class="poem">Time was I liked a cheesecake well enough;<br /> +All human children have a sweetish tooth—<br /> +I used to revel in a pie or puff,<br /> +Or tart—we all are <i>tarters</i> in our youth;<br /> +To meet with jam or jelly was good luck,<br /> +All candies most complacently I cramped.<br /> +A stick of liquorice was good to suck,<br /> +And sugar was as often liked as lumped;<br /> +On treacle's "linked sweetness long drawn out,"<br /> +Or honey, I could feast like any fly,<br /> +I thrilled when lollipops were hawk'd about,<br /> +How pleased to compass hardbake or bull's eye,<br /> +How charmed if fortune in my power cast,<br /> +Elecampane—but that campaign is past.</p> + + + +<hr /> + +<div style="float: left;"><p><a href="images/469-3.png"></a><img width="50%" src="images/469-3.png" align="right" alt="PICKING YOUR WAY." /> +<br /> <br />"Picking his way," belongs to a day +(April 17) in a "Scrape Book," with +the motto of "Luck's all:"</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"17th. Had my eye pick'd out by a +pavior, who was <i>axing</i> his way, he +didn't care where. Sent home in a +hackney-chariot that upset. Paid Jarvis +a sovereign for a shilling. My luck +all over!" +</p></blockquote></div> + +<hr /> + + +<div style="float: right;"><p> +<a href="images/469-4.png"></a><img width="50%" src="images/469-4.png" align="left" alt="" /><br /><br />The Schoolmaster's Motto, accompanying "Palmam qui meruit ferat!" +is too long for extract.</p></div> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<div style="float: left;"><p><a href="images/469-5.png"></a><img width="50%" src="images/469-5.png" align="right" alt="'I DO PRECEIVE HERE A DIVIDED DUTY'" /> +<br /><br /> The chief fun of the countryman and +his Pigs lies in the cut.</p></div> + +<hr /> + +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page10" id="page10"></a>[pg 10]</span> + + +<h2>Spirit Of The +Public Journals.</h2> + + +<h3>BUNYAN'S PILGRIM'S PROGRESS.<a id="footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a></h3> + + +<p>Of the first appearance of this celebrated +parable, Mr. Southey's diligence +has preserved the following notices:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"'It is not known in what year the +Pilgrim's Progress was first published, +no copy of the first edition having as yet +been discovered; the second is in the +British Museum; it is "with additions," +and its date is 1678; but as the book is +known to have been written during Bunyan's +imprisonment, which terminated +in 1672, it was probably published before +his release, or at latest immediately after +it. The earliest with which Mr. Major +has been able to supply me, either by +means of his own diligent inquiries, or +the kindness of his friends, is that +"eighth e-di-ti-on" so humorously introduced +by Gay, and printed—not for +Ni-cho-las Bod-ding-ton, but for Nathanael +Ponder, at the Peacock in the +Poultrey, near the Church, 1682; for +whom also the ninth was published in +1684, and the tenth in 1685. All these +no doubt were large impressions.'</p> + +<p>"When the astonishing success of the +Pilgrim's Progress had raised a swarm +of imitators, the author himself, according +to the frequent fashion of the world, +was accused of plagiarism, to which he +made an indignant reply, in what he considered +as verses, prefixed to his 'Holy +War.'</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>'Some say the Pilgrim's Progress is not mine,</p> +<p>Insinuating as if I would shine</p> +<p>In name and fame by the worth of another,</p> +<p>Like some made rich by robbing of their brother;</p> +<p>Or that so fond I am of being Sire,</p> +<p>I'll father bastards; or if need require,</p> +<p>I'll tell a lye in print, to get applause.</p> +<p>I scorn it; John such dirt-heap never was</p> +<p>Since God converted him. Let this suffice</p> +<p>To shew why I my Pilgrim patronize.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>It came from mine own heart, so to my head,</p> +<p>And thence into my fingers trickled:</p> +<p>Then to my pen, from whence immediately</p> +<p>On paper I did dribble it daintily.'—p. lxxxix."</p> + </div> </div> +</blockquote> + +<p>Mr. Southey has carefully examined +this charge of supposed imitation, in +which so much rests upon the very simplicity +of the conception of the story, and +has successfully shown that the tinker +of Elstow could not have profited by one +or two allegories in the French and +Flemish languages—works which he +could have had hardly a chance to meet +with; which, if thrown in his way, he +could not have read; and, finally, which, +if he had read them, could scarcely have +supplied him with a single hint. Mr. +Southey, however, has not mentioned a +work in English, of Bunyan's own time, +and from which, certainly, the general +notion of his allegory might have been +taken. The work we allude to is now +before us, entitled, 'The Parable of the +Pilgrim, written to a friend by Symon +Patrick, D.D., Dean of Peterborough;' +the same learned person, well known by +his theological writings, and successively +Bishop of Chichester and Ely. This +worthy man's inscription is dated the +14th of December, 1672; and Mr. +Southey's widest conjecture will hardly +allow an earlier date for Bunyan's Pilgrim's +Progress, 1672 being the very +year in which he was enlarged from prison. +The language of Dr. Patrick, in +addressing his friend, excludes the possibility +of his having borrowed from +John Bunyan's celebrated work. He +apologizes for sending to his acquaintance +one in the old fashioned dress of a +pilgrim; and says he found among the +works of a late writer, Baker's Sancta +Sophia, a short discourse, under the +name of a Parable of a Pilgrim; 'which +was so agreeable to the portion of fancy +he was endowed with, that he presently +thought that a work of this nature would +be very grateful to his friends also. It +appears that the Parable of a Pilgrim, +so sketched by Dr. Patrick, remained +for some years in the possession of the +private friend for whom it was drawn +up, until, it being supposed by others +that the work might be of general utility, +it was at length published in 1678.—Before +that year the first edition of the +Pilgrim's Progress had unquestionably +made its appearance; but we equally +acquit the Dean of Peterborough and +the tinker of Elstow from copying a +thought or idea from each other. If +Dr. Patrick had seen the Pilgrim's Progress +he would, probably, in the pride +of academic learning, have scorned to +adopt it as a model; but, at all events, +as a man of worth, he would never have +denied the obligation if he had incurred +one. John Bunyan, on his part, would +in all likelihood have scorned, 'with his +very heels,' to borrow anything from a +dean; and we are satisfied that he would +have cut his hand off rather than written +the introductory verses we have quoted, +had not his Pilgrim been entirely his +own.</p> + +<p>Indeed, whosoever will take the trouble +of comparing the two works which, +turning upon nearly the same allegory, +and bearing very similar titles, came into +existence at or about the very same time, +will plainly see their total dissimilarity. +Bunyan's is a close and continued allegory, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page11" id="page11"></a>[pg 11]</span> +in which the metaphorical fiction +is sustained with all the minuteness of a +real story. In Dr. Patrick's the same +plan is generally announced as arising +from the earnest longing of a traveller, +whom he calls Philotheus or Theophilus, +whose desires are fixed on journeying +to Jerusalem as a pilgrim. After much +distressing uncertainty, caused by the +contentions of pretended guides, who +recommend different routes, he is at +length recommended to a safe and intelligent +one. Theophilus hastens to put +himself under his pilotage, and the good +man gives forth his instructions for the +way, and in abundant detail, so that all +the dangers of error and indifferent company +may be securely avoided; but in +all this, very little care is taken even to +preserve the appearance of the allegory: +in a word, you have, almost in plain +terms, the moral and religious precepts +necessary to be observed in the actual +course of a moral and religious life. +The pilgrim, indeed, sets out upon his +journey, but it is only in order again to +meet with his guide, who launches further +into whole chapters of instructions, +with scarcely a reply from the passive +pupil. It is needless to point out the +extreme difference between this strain +of continued didactics, rather encumbered +than enlivened by a starting metaphor, +which, generally quite lost sight +of, the author recollects every now and +then, as if by accident—and the thoroughly +life-like manner in which John +Bunyan puts the adventures of his pilgrim +before us. Two circumstances +alone strike us as trenching somewhat +on the manner of him of Elstow: the +one is where the guide awakens some +sluggish pilgrims, whom he finds sleeping +by the way;<a id="footnotetag6" name="footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a> the other is where +their way is crossed by two horsemen, +who insist upon assuming the office of +guide. 'The one is a pleasing talker, +excellent company by reason of his pleasant +humour, and of a carriage very +pleasant and inviting; but they observed +he had a sword by his side, and a pair +of pistols before him, together with another +instrument hanging at his belt, +which was formed for pulling out of +eyes.'<a id="footnotetag7" name="footnotetag7"></a><a href="#footnote7"><sup>7</sup></a> The pilgrims suspected this +well-armed cavalier to be one of that +brood who will force others into their +own path, and then put out their eyes in +case they should forsake it. They have +not got rid of their dangerous companion, +by whom the Romish church is indicated, +when they are accosted by a +man of a quite different shape and humour, +'more sad and melancholy, more +rude, and of a heavier wit also, who +crossed their way on the right-hand.' +He also (representing, doubtless, the +Presbyterians or Sectaries) pressed them +with eagerness to accept his guidance, +and did little less than menace them with +total destruction if they should reject it. +A dagger and a pocket-pistol, though +less openly and ostentatiously disposed +than the arms of the first cavalier, seem +ready for the same purposes; and he, +therefore, is repulsed, as well as his +neighbour. These are the only passages +in which the church dignitary +might be thought to have caught for a +moment the spirit of the tinker of Bedford. +Through the rest of his parable, +which fills a well-sized quarto volume, +the dean no doubt evinces considerable +learning, but, compared to Bunyan, may +rank with the dullest of all possible doctors; +'a worthy neighbour, indeed, and +a marvellous good bowler—but for Alexander, +you see how 'tis.' Yet Dr. +Patrick had the applause of his own +time. The first edition of his Parable +appeared, as has been mentioned, in +1678; and the <i>sixth</i>, which now lies +before us, is dated 1687.<a id="footnotetag8" name="footnotetag8"></a><a href="#footnote8"><sup>8</sup></a></p> + + + +<p>Mr. Southey introduces the following +just eulogium on our classic of the +common people:</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"Bunyan was confident in his own +powers of expression; he says—</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i10"> —thine only way</p> +<p>Before them all, is to say out thy say</p> +<p>In thine own native language, which no man</p> +<p>Now useth, nor with ease dissemble can.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>And he might well be confident in it. +His is a homespun style, not a manufactured +one; and what a difference is there +between its homeliness, and the flippant +vulgarity of the Roger L'Estrange and +Tom Brown school! If it is not a well +of English undefiled to which the poet +as well as the philologist must repair, if +they would drink of the living waters, it +is a clear stream of current English—the +vernacular speech of his age, sometimes +indeed in its rusticity and coarseness, +but always in its plainness and its +strength. To this natural style Bunyan +is in some degree beholden for his general +popularity;—his language is every +where level to the must ignorant reader, +and to the meanest capacity: there is a +homely reality about it; a nursery tale +is not more intelligible, in its manner of +narration, to a child. Another cause of +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page12" id="page12"></a>[pg 12]</span> +his popularity is, that he taxes the imagination +as little as the understanding. +The vividness of his own, which, as his +history shows, sometimes could not distinguish +ideal impressions from actual +ones, occasioned this. He saw the things +of which he was writing as distinctly +with his mind's eye as if they were indeed +passing before him in a dream. +And the reader perhaps sees them more +satisfactorily to himself, because the outline +only of the picture is presented to +him; and the author having made no +attempt to fill up the details, every reader +supplies them according to the measure +and scope of his own intellectual and +imaginative powers." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>Mr. Southey, observing with what +general accuracy this apostle of the people +writes the English language, notwithstanding +all the disadvantages under +which his youth must have been passed, +pauses to notice one gross and repeated +error. 'The vulgarism alluded to,' says +the laureate, 'consists in the almost uniform +use of <i>a</i> for <i>have</i>—never marked as +a contraction, e.g. might <i>a</i> made me take +heed—like to <i>a</i> been smothered.' Under +favour, however, this is a sin against orthography +rather than grammar: the +tinker of Elstow only spelt according +to the pronunciation of the verb <i>to have</i>, +then common in his class; and the same +form appears a hundred times in Shakspeare. +We must not here omit to mention +the skill with which Mr. Southey +has restored much of Bunyan's masculine +and idiomatic English, which had +been gradually dropped out of successive +impressions by careless, or unfaithful, +or what is as bad, conceited correctors +of the press.</p> + +<p>The speedy popularity of the Pilgrim's +Progress had the natural effect of +inducing Bunyan again to indulge the +vein of allegory in which his warm imagination +and clear and forcible expression +had procured him such success. +Under this impression, he produced the +second part of his Pilgrim's Progress; +and well says Mr. Southey, that none +but those who have acquired the ill habit +of always reading critically, can feel it +as a clog upon the first. The first part +is, indeed, one of those delightfully simple +and captivating tales which, as soon +as finished, we are not unwilling to begin +again. Even the adult becomes himself +like the child who cannot be satisfied +with the repetition of a favourite tale, +but harasses the story-telling aunt or +nurse, to know more of the incidents +and characters. In this respect Bunyan +has contrived a contrast, which, far from +exhausting his subject, opens new sources +of attraction, and adds to the original +impression. The pilgrimage of Christiana, +her friend Mercy, and her children, +commands sympathy at least as +powerful as that of Christian himself, +and it materially adds to the interest +which we have taken in the progress +of the husband, to trace the effects produced +by similar events in the case of +women and children.</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"There is a pleasure," says the +learned editor, "in travelling with another +companion the same ground—a +pleasure of reminiscence, neither inferior +in kind nor degree to that which +is derived from a first impression. The +characters are judiciously marked: that +of Mercy, particularly, is sketched with +an admirable grace and simplicity; nor +do we read of any with equal interest, +excepting that of Ruth in Scripture, so +beautifully, on all occasions, does the +Mercy of John Bunyan unfold modest +humility regarding her own merits, and +tender veneration for the matron Christiana."</p> + +<p>"The distinctions between the first +and second part of the Pilgrim's Progress +are such as circumstances render appropriate; +and as John Bunyan's strong +mother wit enabled him to seize upon +correctly. Christian, for example, a +man, and a bold one, is represented as +enduring his fatigues, trials, and combats, +by his own stout courage, under +the blessing of heaven: but to express +that species of inspired heroism by which +women are supported in the path of +duty, notwithstanding the natural feebleness +and timidity of their nature, Christiana +and Mercy obtain from the interpreter +their guide, called Great-heart, +by whose strength and valour their lack +of both is supplied, and the dangers and +distresses of the way repelled and overcome.</p> + +<p>"The author hints, at the end of the +second part, as if 'it might be his lot +to go this way again;' nor was his mind +that light species of soil which could be +exhausted by two crops. But he left +to another and very inferior hand the +task of composing a third part, containing +the adventures of one Tender Conscience, +far unworthy to be bound up, +as it sometimes is, with John Bunyan's +matchless parable." +</p></blockquote> + +<hr class="short" /> +<p>'Tis necessary a writing critic should +understand how to write. And though +every writer is not bound to show himself +in the capacity of critic, every +writing critic is bound to show himself +capable of being a writer.</p> + +<h4><i>Shaftesbury Criticism</i></h4> + +<hr /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page13" id="page13"></a>[pg 13]</span> + + + + +<h2>Notes Of A Reader.</h2> + + +<h3>LACONICS.</h3> + +<h4>(<i>From Maxwell. By Theodore Hook</i>.)</h4> + + +<p class="center"><i>Professional People</i>.</p> + +<p>None of our fellow-creatures enjoy life +more than the successful member of one +of the learned professions. There is, it +is true, constant toil; but there are +constant excitement, activity, and enthusiasm; +at least, where there is not +enthusiasm in a profession, success will +never come—and as to the affairs of the +world in general, the divine, the lawyer, +and the medical man, are more conversant +and mixed up with them, than +any other human beings—cabinet ministers +themselves, not excepted.</p> + +<p>The divine, by the sacred nature of +his calling, and the higher character of +his duties, is, perhaps, farther removed +from an immediate contact with society; +his labours are of a more exalted order, +and the results of those labours not open +to ordinary observation; but the lawyer +in full practice knows the designs and +devices of half our acquaintance; it is +true, professional decorum seals his +lips, but <i>he</i> has them all before him in +his "mind's eye,"—all their litigations +and littlenesses,—all their cuttings, and +carvings, and contrivings. He knows +why a family, who hate the French with +all the fervour of British prejudice, visits +Paris, and remains there for a year or +two; he can give a good reason why +a man who delights in a well preserved +property in a sporting country, with a +house well built and beautifully situated, +consents to "<i>spare it</i>," at a reduced +price, to a man for whom he cares +nothing upon earth: and looks at the +world fully alive to the motives, and perfectly +aware of the circumstances, of +three-fourths of the unconscious actors +by whom he is surrounded.</p> + +<p>The eminent medical man stands, if +not upon higher ground, at least in a +more interesting position. As he mingles +with the gay assembly, or visits the +crowded ball, he knows the latent ills, +the hidden, yet incurable disorders of +the laughing throng by which he is encircled; +he sees premature death lurking +under the hectic flush on the cheek +of the lovely Fanny, and trembles for the +fate of the kind-hearted Emily, as he +beholds her mirthfully joining in the +mazy dance. He, too, by witnessing +the frequently recurring scenes of death, +beholds the genuine sorrow of the bereaved +wife, or the devoted husband—and +can, by the constant unpremeditated +exhibitions of fondness and feeling, appreciate +the affection which exists in +such and such places, and understand, +with an almost magical power, the value +of the links by which society is held +together.</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>Middle Life</i>.</p> + +<p>There is more healthful exercise for +the mind in the uneven paths of middling +life, than there is on the Macadamized +road of fortune. Were the year all summer, +how tiresome would be the green +leaves and the bright sunshine—as, indeed, +those will admit, who have lived +in climates where vegetation is always at +work.</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>Unwelcome Truth</i>.</p> + +<p>Plain speaking was Mousetrap's distinctive +characteristic; his conversation +abounded in blunt truisms, founded upon +a course of thinking somewhat peculiar +to himself, but which, when tried by the +test of human vice and human folly, +proved very frequently to be a great deal +more accurate than agreeable.</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>Stockbrokers</i>.</p> + +<p>"I know some of them brokering boys +are worth a million on Monday, and +threepence on Thursday—all in high +feather one week, and poor waddling +creturs the next."</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>Mercantile Life</i>.</p> + +<p>A dark hole of a counting-house, with +a couple of clerk chaps, cocked up upon +long-legged stools, writing out letters—a +smoky fireplace—two or three files, +stuck full of dirty papers, hanging +against the wall—an almanack, and a +high-railed desk, with a slit in a panel, +with "bills for acceptance" painted +over it. They are the chaps "wot" +makes time-bargains—they speculate +for thousands, having nothing in the +world—and then at the wind-up of a +week or two, pay each other what they +call the difference: that is to say, the +change between what they cannot get, +and what they have not got.</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>The Secret Spring</i>.</p> + +<p>There are with all great affairs smaller +affairs connected, so that in the watch-work +of society, the most skilful artist +is sometimes puzzled to fix upon the +very little wheel by which the greater +wheels are worked.</p> + + +<p class="center">"<i>Bad Company</i>."</p> + +<p>The subject under discussion was the +great advantages likely to arise from the +establishment of the North Shields Sawdust +Consolidation Company, in which +Apperton told Maxwell there were still +seventy-four shares to be purchased: +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page14" id="page14"></a>[pg 14]</span> +they were hundred pound shares, and +were actually down at eighty-nine, +would be at fifteen premium on the following +Saturday, and must eventually +rise to two hundred and thirty, for reasons +which he gave in the most plausible +manner, and which were in themselves +perfectly satisfactory, as he said, to the +"meanest capacity;" a saying with +which it might have been perfectly safe +to agree.</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>Love</i>.</p> + +<p>What does Sterne say? That love is no +more made by talking of it, than a black +pudding would be. Habit, association, +assimilation of tastes, communion of +thought, kindness without pretension, +solicitude without effort, a tacit agreement +and a silent sympathy; these are +the excitements and stimulants of the +only sort of love that is worth thinking +of.</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>Brighton</i>.</p> + +<p>Brighton will be as good a residence +as any other; there's nobody there +knows much of either of <i>you</i>; and the +place has got so big, that you may be as +snug as you please; a large town and +a large party, are the best possible shelters +for love matters. Ay, go to Brighton—the +prawns for breakfast, the +Wheatears (as the Cockneys delicately +call them, without knowing what they +are talking about) for dinner, and the +lobsters for supper, with a cigar, and a +little ginnums and water, whiffing the +wind, and sniffing the briny out of one of +the bow-window balconies—that's it—Brighton's +the place, against the world.</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>Murder</i>.</p> + +<p>A gentleman criminal is too rich a +treat to be overlooked; and a murder in +good society forms a tale of middling +life, much too interesting to be passed +over in a hurry.</p> + + +<p class="center"><i>A Love Errand</i>.</p> + +<p>He went to look for something which +he had not left there, and whither she +followed him, to assist in a pursuit which +she knew went for nothing.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>MOORE'S LIFE OF BYRON, VOL. II.</h3> + +<p>The publication of this work, <i>bonâ fide</i>, +has not yet taken place; but we are +enabled by the aid of the <i>Athenæum</i> to +quote a page.</p> + +<p>The volume commences with the following +powerful review of Lord Byron's +mind and fortune at the time he left +England:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"The circumstances under which +Lord Byron now took leave of England +were such as, in the case of any ordinary +person, could not be considered +otherwise than disastrous and humiliating. +He had, in the course of one +short year, gone through every variety +of domestic misery;—had seen his +hearth ten times profaned by the visitations +of the law, and been only saved +from a prison by the privileges of his +rank. He had alienated (if, indeed, +they had ever been his) the affections of +his wife; and now, rejected by her, and +condemned by the world, was betaking +himself to an exile which had not even +the dignity of appearing voluntary, as +the excommunicating voice of society +seemed to leave him no other resource. +Had he been of that class of unfeeling +and self-satisfied natures from whose +hard surface the reproaches of others +fall pointless, he might have found in +insensibility a sure refuge against reproach; +but, on the contrary, the same +sensitiveness that kept him so awake to +the applauses of mankind rendered him, +in a still more intense degree, alive to +their censure. Even the strange, perverse +pleasures which he felt in painting +himself unamiably to the world did +not prevent him from being both startled +and pained when the world took him at +his word; and, like a child in a mask +before a looking-glass, the dark semblance +which he had half in sport, put +on, when reflected back upon him from +the mirror of public opinion, shocked +even himself.</p> + +<p>"Thus surrounded by vexations, and +thus deeply feeling them, it is not too +much to say, that any other spirit but +his own would have sunk under the +struggle, and lost, perhaps, irrecoverably, +that level of self-esteem which +alone affords a stand against the shocks +of fortune. But in him,—furnished as +his mind was with reserves of strength, +waiting to be called out,—the very intensity +of the pressure brought relief +by the proportionate reaction which it +produced. Had his transgressions and +frailties been visited with no more than +their due portion of punishment, there +can be little doubt that a very different +result would have ensued. Not only +would such an excitement have been insufficient +to waken up the new energies +still dormant in him, but that consciousness +of his own errors, which was for +ever livelily present in his mind, would, +under such circumstances, have been +left, undisturbed by any unjust provocation, +to work its usual softening and, +perhaps, humbling influences on his +spirit. But,—luckily, as it proved, for +the further triumphs of his genius,—no +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page15" id="page15"></a>[pg 15]</span> +such moderation was exercised. The +storm of invective raised around him, +so utterly out of proportion with his +offences, and the base calumnies that +were everywhere heaped upon his name, +left to his wounded pride no other resource +than in the same summoning up +of strength, the same instinct of resistance +to injustice, which had first forced +out the energies of his youthful genius, +and was now destined to give him a still +bolder and loftier range of its powers.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p>"But the greatest of his trials, as +well as triumphs, was yet to come. +The last stage of this painful, though +glorious, course, in which fresh power +was, at every step, wrung from out of +his soul, was that at which we are now +arrived, his marriage and its results,—without +which, dear as was the price +paid by him in peace and character, +his career would have been incomplete, +and the world still left in ignorance of +the full compass of his genius. It is +indeed worthy of remark, that it was +not till his domestic circumstances began +to darken around him that his +fancy, which had long been idle, again +arose upon the wing,—both the Siege +of Corinth and Parisina having been +produced but a short time before the +separation. How conscious he was, +too, that the turmoil which followed +was the true element of his restless +spirit may be collected from several +passages of his letters, at that period, +in one of which he even mentions that +his health had become all the better for +the conflict:—'It is odd,' he says, 'but +agitation or contest of any kind gives a +rebound to my spirits, and sets me up +for the time.'</p> + +<p>"This buoyancy it was—this irrepressible +spring of mind,—that now enabled +him to bear up not only against +the assaults of others, but what was +still more difficult, against his own +thoughts and feelings. The muster of +all his mental resources to which, in +self-defence, he had been driven, but +opened to him the yet undreamed extent +and capacity of his powers, and +inspired him with a proud confidence, +that he should yet shine down these calumnious +mists, convert censure to wonder, +and compel even those who could +not approve to admire.</p> + +<p>"The route which he now took, +through Flanders and by the Rhine, is +best traced in his own matchless verses, +which leave a portion of their glory on +all that they touch, and lend to scenes, +already clothed with immortality by nature +and by history, the no less durable +associations of undying song." +</p></blockquote> +<hr /> + +<h2>The Gatherer.</h2> + +<blockquote><p> +A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 10em;">SHAKSPEARE.</span> +</p></blockquote> + + +<h3>SELDEN,</h3> + + +<p>Towards the close of his life, was so +thoroughly convinced of the superior +value of the Holy Scriptures, as to declare +that the 11th, 12th, 13th, and +14th verses of the second chapter of St. +Paul's Epistle to Titus, afforded him +more solid satisfaction than all he had +ever read.</p> + +<h4>H.B.A.</h4> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>FULL-BOTTOMED WIGS.</h3> + + +<p>The full-bottomed wigs which unfortunately +envelope and cloud some of the +most distinguished portraits of former +days, were in fashion during the reigns +of our William and Mary. Lord Bolingbroke +was one of the first that tied +them up, with which the queen was +much offended, and said to a by-stander, +"he would soon come to court in his +night-cap." Soon after, tie wigs, instead +of being an undress, became the +high court dress.</p> + +<h4>H.B.A.</h4> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>A WINDOW THE CAUSE OF A WAR.</h3> + + +<p>When the Palace of Trianon was building +for Louis XIV. at the end of Versailles' +Park, that monarch went to inspect +it, accompanied by Louvois, secretary +of war, and superintendent of +the building. Whilst walking arm in +arm with him, he remarked that one of +the windows was out of shape, and +smaller than the rest—this Louvois denied, +and asserted that he could not +perceive the least difference. Louis +XIV. having had it measured, and finding +that he had judged rightly, treated +Louvois in a contumelious manner before +his whole court. This conduct so incensed +the minister, that when he arrived +home he was heard to say, that he +would find better employment for a monarch +than that of insulting his favourites: +he was as good as his word, for +by his insolence and haughtiness he insulted +the other powers, and occasioned +the bloody war of 1688.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p>In 1306, Bruce having taken shelter in +the Isle of Arran, sent a trusty person +into Carrick, to learn how his vassals +stood affected to his cause; with instructions, +that, if he found them disposed +to assist him he should make a +signal at a time appointed, by lighting +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page16" id="page16"></a>[pg 16]</span> +a fire on an eminence near the Castle of +Turnbury. The messenger found the +English in possession of Carrick, +the people dispirited, and none ready to +take arms; he therefore did not make +the signal. But a fire being made about +noon on the appointed spot, (possibly +by accident) both Bruce and the messenger +saw it. The former with his +associates put to sea to join his supposed +party; the latter to prevent his +coming. They met before Bruce reached +the shore, when the messenger acquainted +Bruce with the unpromising +state of his affairs, and advised him to +go back; but he obeying the dictates +of despair and valour, resolved to persevere; +and attacking the English, carelessly +cantoned in the neighbourhood of +Turnbury, put a number of them to the +sword, and pillaged their quarters. +Percy, from the castle, heard the uproar, +yet did not sally forth against +them, not knowing their strength. +Bruce with his followers not exceeding +three hundred in number, remained for +some days near Turnbury; but succours +having arrived from the neighbouring +garrisons, he was obliged to +seek safety in the mountainous parts of +Carrick.</p> + +<h4>C.D.</h4> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>"WILLIE WASTLE."</h3> + + +<p>When Oliver Cromwell was at Haddington, +he sent a summons to the governor +of Hume Castle, ordering him +to surrender. The governor answered,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"That he, Willie Wastle, stood firm in his castle,</p> +<p>That all the dogs of his town should not drive Willie Wastle down."</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>This anecdote gave rise to the amusement +of Willie Wastle among children.</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>When the Irish Union was effected in +1801, the Ex-Chancellor of the Exchequer, +Sir John Parnell, was the reigning +<i>toast</i>. Being one evening in a convivial +party, he jocularly said that by +the Union he had lost his <i>bread and butter</i>. +"Ah, my dear sir," replied a +friend, "never mind, for it is amply +made up to you in <i>toasts</i>."</p> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>CURIOUS LEGACY.</h3> + + +<p><i>By Samuel Hawkins, Esq. to White +Chapel Parish, 1804, bequeathing +£300. for performing Divine Service +for ever, in the said parish church</i>. +</p> + +<p>Two guineas to be paid to Curate or +Rector, for preaching a sermon on New +Year's Day, from a text mentioned in +his will. To Parish Clerk 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> to +sing 100th Psalm, old version, same day. +To organist 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> for playing tune to +same. To Sexton 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> if he attend +the same; and to master and mistress +of the free-school, each 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> for +attending the charity children at the +same time and place; and to the Trustees +of the school three guineas for refreshments, +and to supply as many +quartern loaves to be distributed to such +poor as shall attend divine service on +that day. The overplus, if any, to be +given in bread to the poor of the parish +that the trustees may consider proper +objects of relief.</p> + +<h4>JAC-CO.</h4> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>WIT AND JOKES.</h3> + + +<p>Selden says, "Nature must be the +ground work of wit and art, otherwise +whatever is done will prove but Jack-pudding's +work.</p> + +<p>"Wit must grow like fingers; if it +be taken from others, 'tis like plums +stuck upon black thorns; they are there +for awhile, but they come to nothing.</p> + +<p>"Women ought not to know their +own wit, because they will be showing +it, and so spoil it; like a child +that will constantly be showing its fine +new coat, till at length it all bedaubs it +with its pah hands.</p> + +<p>"Fine wits destroy themselves with +their own plots in meddling with great +affairs of state. They commonly do as +the ape, that saw the gunner put bullets +in the cannon, and was pleased with +it, and he would be doing so too; at +last he puts himself into the piece, and +so both ape and bullet were shot away +together."</p> + +<p>"The jokes, bon-mots, the little adventures, +which may do very well (says +Chesterfield) in one company will seem +flat and tedious when related in another—they +are often ill-timed, and prefaced +thus: 'I will tell you an excellent thing.' +This raises expectations, which when +absolutely disappointed, make the relator +of this excellent thing look, very +deservedly, like a fool."</p> + +<h4>P.T.W.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<h3>FAT FOLKS.</h3> + +<p>Prince Harry and Falstaff, in Shakspeare, +have carried the ridicule upon +fat and lean as far as it will go. Falstaff +is humorously called <i>Wool-Sack</i>, +<i>Bed Presser</i>, and <i>Hill of Flesh</i>; Harry, +a <i>Starveling</i>, an <i>Eel's-skin</i>, a <i>Sheath</i>, +a <i>Bow-case</i>, and a <i>Tuck</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<blockquote class="footnote"> +<a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href="#footnotetag1"> (return)</a><p>Childe Harold, Canto iv.</p> + +<a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href="#footnotetag2"> (return)</a><p>See Mirror, vol. xvi.</p> + +<a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a href="#footnotetag3"> (return)</a><p>The small of the stone-coal.</p> + +<a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a href="#footnotetag4"> (return)</a><p>See Mirror, vol. xii.</p> + +<a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b><a href="#footnotetag5"> (return)</a><p>Abridged from the paper on Southey's Life of Bunyan, in the last +Quarterly Review.</p> + +<a id="footnote6" name="footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b><a href="#footnotetag6"> (return)</a><p>Parable of the Pilgrim, chapter xxx.</p> + +<a id="footnote7" name="footnote7"></a><b>Footnote 7:</b><a href="#footnotetag7"> (return)</a><p>Ibidem, chapter xxxiv.</p> + +<a id="footnote8" name="footnote8"></a><b>Footnote 8:</b><a href="#footnotetag8"> (return)</a><p>The Poet Laureate may, perhaps, like to hear that Dr. Patrick +introduces into his parable a very tolerable edition of that legend of +the roasted fowls recalled to life by St. James of Compostella, of +which he himself has recently given us so lively and amusing a +metrical version. +</p></blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><i>Printed and published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, +Strand, (near Somerset House,) London; sold +by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, +Leipsic; and by all Newsmen and Booksellers</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + +***** This file should be named 13199-h.htm or 13199-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/3/1/9/13199/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Victoria Woosley and PG Distributed +Proofreaders + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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