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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On
+In It, Vol. 1, No. 19, March 18, 1897, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 19, March 18, 1897
+       A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: March 18, 2005 [EBook #15404]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team. (www.pgdp.net)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+_FIVE CENTS._
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD
+
+AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT
+
+    SUBSCRIPTION PRICE.     MARCH 18, 1897         Vol. 1. NO. 19
+    $2.50 PER YEAR
+    [Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second-class matter]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER FOR BOYS AND GIRLS
+
+    WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON. PUBLISHER
+
+    NO. 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY
+
+
+Copyrighted 1897, By WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON.
+
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+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND WORLD And WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.]
+
+    VOL. 1   MARCH 18, 1897.   NO. 19
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Cuba has changed places with Greece this week, and again occupies the most
+important place in men's thoughts.
+
+An American citizen who was arrested there two weeks ago has been found
+dead in his cell, under very mysterious circumstances.
+
+This man was Dr. Ricardo Ruiz.
+
+He was born in Cuba, but came to the United States many years ago. He
+studied dentistry in Philadelphia, lived there several years, obtained his
+papers, and became an American citizen.
+
+A foreigner who wishes to become an American citizen has to go before a
+judge and declare his intention of becoming a citizen of the United
+States. The court then gives him what are called his "first papers."
+
+He must have lived here five years before he can become a citizen. To do
+this he asks for what are called his first papers, and then he must wait
+two years before he can get what are called his "second papers," which
+make him a citizen of the United States, and give him all the rights and
+privileges of a native-born citizen. Before the second papers are given
+him, he has to take an oath swearing to be a true and faithful citizen of
+his new country, and he has to give up any title that he may have borne in
+his former land.
+
+[Illustration: Prison at Guanabacoa Dr. Ricardo Ruiz]
+
+The oath he takes, which is called the oath of allegiance, binds him to
+give up his citizenship in his former country, and to become so completely
+an American that if a war were to break out between his old country and
+the United States, he would fight against her and for America.
+
+He went back to Cuba, after a while, and settled in Guanabacoa.
+
+Guanabacoa, if you will remember, is the town which is ruled by the cruel
+Fondeviella. In Number 13 of THE GREAT ROUND WORLD we told you about this
+man, and his cruelty.
+
+It would seem that Dr. Ruiz fell a victim to Fondeviella's cruelty.
+
+The Spaniards seem to have a very spiteful feeling against Cubans who have
+become American citizens.
+
+They vow vengeance against such men, and are ever on the watch to find an
+excuse for arresting or punishing them.
+
+Dr. Ruiz, though he seems to have attended to his own business, and obeyed
+the law in every way, interfering with no one, has been an object of
+suspicion to Fondeviella for some time past, and when, on January 16th, a
+train was thrown off the rails by insurgents, a few miles from Guanabacoa,
+Dr. Ruiz was accused of having taken part in the outrage.
+
+He was arrested and thrown into jail.
+
+When the reason for his arrest was known, some well-known citizens of
+Guanabacoa came forward, and said that they knew Dr. Ruiz was innocent. It
+seems that on that very night there was a birthday party at the house of
+Dr. Ruiz's father-in-law.
+
+The doctor was present, but, feeling tired, he left the party at ten
+o'clock and went to his own house. Two of his friends went with him, and
+sat chatting with him until after twelve o'clock.
+
+The train was thrown off the rails at ten-thirty, so that it was quite
+impossible that Dr. Ruiz could have had any hand in the work.
+
+The authorities refused to listen to these statements made by Dr. Ruiz's
+friends, and kept him shut up in a dark and filthy cell for fourteen days.
+At the end of this time word came to Consul-General Lee that Dr. Ruiz had
+died in prison.
+
+As he was a very strong and healthy man, the American Consul at once
+suspected that he had not died a natural death.
+
+On investigation it was found that the poor fellow had died from the
+effects of a blow on the head.
+
+No one knows, and probably no one ever will know, how he was killed, but
+there are dark rumors that he was murdered in his cell by Fondeviella's
+orders.
+
+When the Americans were going to see the cell in which poor Dr. Ruiz had
+died, they were obliged to pass along a corridor lined with other cells,
+in which more prisoners were confined.
+
+As they walked along this passage, several of the poor captives came to
+their doors, and whispered that Ruiz had been ill-treated, and they
+thought murdered. They declared that they had heard sounds of blows coming
+from his cell, and that the jail had rung with the poor doctor's cries for
+help.
+
+This may not be true, because Cubans shut up in jails by Spaniards are not
+likely to feel very friendly toward them, and these stories may have been
+invented with the hope of angering the Americans into making war on Spain.
+
+But whether these stories be true or false, it is very well known that the
+Spaniards do not treat their prisoners kindly, and there is good ground
+for suspicion in this case.
+
+Our Consul was so disturbed by the news that was brought to him, and by
+the sights that he saw in the jail, that he sent word to the government in
+Washington, asking that warships be sent to Havana to protect the American
+prisoners who are in Cuban jails.
+
+There have been, and still are, a number of our citizens under arrest in
+Cuba, and the case of Mrs. Rodriguez, about whom you read in Number 16 of
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, followed so closely by the death of Dr. Ruiz, has
+made General Lee feel that the Americans in Cuba need some better
+protection than they have at present.
+
+The government however, has refused him the help he asked for, and it is
+reported that the Consul-General has sent in his resignation, preferring
+to give up his office rather than remain in Cuba without the power to help
+his countrymen.
+
+This news has created the greatest excitement. The government denies that
+it is true, and declares that General Lee has neither asked for warships
+nor sent in his resignation. But signed telegrams come from Havana,
+stating that the whole matter is quite true, and that the General cabled
+his resignation, so that there might be no delay in its reaching our
+government.
+
+Both Houses of Congress are demanding to be told the whole truth about the
+matter. Senators, who, as a rule, are very loyal to the government, are
+asking for explanations, and insisting that all the papers and letters in
+Mr. Olney's hands that relate to the subject shall be given to the
+Senate.
+
+Havana is also highly excited. The report that General Lee had asked for
+warships set the Spaniards afire. They threatened, and raged, and became
+so angry and indignant that the Marquis de Ahumada, the governor of
+Havana, was afraid that riots would break out.
+
+He therefore sent for the colonels of the various volunteer troops in the
+city, and assured them that the reports were altogether false, and that
+Mr. Cleveland and Mr. Olney were the faithful friends of Spain.
+
+Despite the governor's proclamation, the Spaniards openly declare that if
+an American man-of-war enters Havana harbor they will attack the American
+Consulate, and declare war on the United States.
+
+Meanwhile, people are wondering what turn Cuban affairs will take, after
+they are in the hands of the new President.
+
+The Spaniards declare that Major McKinley will follow in the footsteps of
+Mr. Cleveland and Mr. Olney, and do nothing at all.
+
+In Washington it is said that great changes will be made. While war will
+not be declared on Spain, warships will be sent to Cuba to protect our
+citizens there, and the United States Navy will no longer be kept doing
+police work for Spain by preventing filibustering.
+
+One thing, however, is sure. Dr. Ruiz's death will be closely inquired
+into.
+
+General Lee's prompt and manly action has been of some little help to
+another poor American confined in a Cuban jail.
+
+This second prisoner is a Mr. Charles Scott, who is accused of having
+some postage stamps in his possession that were issued by the insurgent
+government.
+
+It is the custom of the Spaniards to keep important prisoners in solitary
+confinement until they have been examined by the judge. Their law says
+that a prisoner shall be shut up thus closely for seventy hours, and
+during that time he shall be completely cut off from the rest of the
+world, and therefore at the mercy of his jailers.
+
+It was during this confinement, and while he was waiting for his
+examination, that Dr. Ruiz was, if reports be true, beaten to death by the
+Spaniards.
+
+Mr. Scott was also waiting for his examination, but General Lee, fearing
+that he, too, might "happen to die" in his prison, made such a clamor for
+his release, that he has been put with the other prisoners, and where his
+friends can see him.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Fighting still continues in Crete, and it seems as if the Powers were
+really sincere in their wish to make Greece keep the peace.
+
+Colonel Vassos has been doing some fine work as commander of the Corps of
+Occupation. He has attacked fort after fort, and has won several victories
+over the Turks.
+
+Encouraged by his success, he decided to advance on Canea.
+
+No sooner was word of his advance brought to the city, than the admirals
+in command of the various fleets set out for the Greek camp, and had a
+talk with Colonel Vassos.
+
+They would not tell what had passed, but on their return to Canea they
+sent to the commander of the Greek fleet, and asked him to call on them.
+
+When this gentleman met the admirals, they were all assembled together,
+and had evidently been talking the situation over. They informed him, as
+the result of their conference, that if Colonel Vassos did attack the
+city, the allied fleets of the Powers would fire upon him and drive him
+away.
+
+The same message was sent to Colonel Vassos.
+
+In spite of it, he advanced upon Canea, and the morning after the warning
+had been received his troops began to fire upon the town.
+
+Immediately, the admirals of the fleets in the harbor ordered the decks of
+their ships to be cleared for action, and fired their guns upon the
+Greeks.
+
+After a short while, the Greeks, finding that they could not stand against
+the terrible fire from the big guns, became disheartened, and withdrew.
+
+The moment the Greek flag was hauled down, the ships stopped firing.
+
+A good deal of indignation has been felt that Christian Powers should
+interfere to uphold the misrule of infidels, but the Great Powers say they
+are acting for the best interests of Europe.
+
+It seems quite sure that they do not mean to leave the Cretans under the
+care of the Sultan of Turkey.
+
+The latest news tells us that Greece has once more been ordered to leave
+Crete, and that this time she has agreed to do so, provided that the
+island be made independent.
+
+Lord Salisbury, the Prime Minister of England, suggested that Crete should
+be given home rule under the governorship of a Greek prince, and thus far
+the rest of the Powers are willing to agree with him.
+
+Nothing will be done until the Greek troops have been made to leave Crete,
+and this may not be so easy to accomplish. Word comes from Athens that the
+people are not at all pleased with the idea of home rule for Crete. They
+want the island to be joined to Greece, and would rather fight for it,
+than give it up. It is very natural that they should feel this way.
+
+If the people of some near-by country were almost all Americans and
+relations of ours, and were cruelly treated by their rulers, we would feel
+just as the Greeks do. There is hardly a family in Greece which has not
+suffered wrong from the Turks. It is but natural that they fight for their
+brothers, the Cretans.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+In Number 14 of THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, we spoke of the massacre of a
+number of white men in Africa by the King of Benin. We told how the Queen
+of England had ordered her soldiers to punish the African king for his
+cruelty.
+
+News has just come that the soldiers sent by England have captured Benin
+City, and that its king, Drunami, is fleeing before his angry foes.
+
+A part of the soldiers remained in Benin to hold the city, and the rest
+went in pursuit of the king. They expect to take him prisoner, and if they
+succeed in doing so, they will keep him a captive, to prevent any more of
+his cruel outbreaks.
+
+The English must be very glad to have Benin in their possession, because
+the king used to send out parties of his warriors to lay waste all the
+country round about the city. He would attack and capture the trading
+parties carrying ivory to the coast, and would bring the traders back
+within the walls of Benin, to torture and kill them in cruel and savage
+ways.
+
+His city was so strongly fortified that none of the surrounding tribes
+dared to attack it, and he had things pretty much his own way.
+
+So sure was he of the strength of his walls, and the cleverness of his
+warriors, that he laughed at the idea of the Queen of England punishing
+him for his wicked deeds, and waited for the soldiers to come to Benin,
+expecting to be able to make very short work of them.
+
+Now, however, he has learned that there are greater and more powerful
+monarchs than the King of Benin, and that his boasted stronghold was of no
+account when attacked by a clever foe. Obliged to flee for his life,
+leaving his city in ruins behind him, Drunami, King of Benin, is learning
+that he is not so great or powerful as he thought he was. It will probably
+be a very useful lesson to him, and make him a better man.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A very curious law case has just come to an end in France.
+
+It is such a silly case, that it seems strange that the French lawyers
+waste their time over it.
+
+The Duke of Anjou and the Duke of Orleans each claim the right to the
+title of King of France.
+
+The lawyers on both sides argued and struggled over the matter with all
+seriousness.
+
+The Duke of Anjou did not want the Duke of Orleans to call himself the
+head of the Royal Family of France, nor did he want him to have the right
+to use the royal shield of France as his coat of arms. Only the King of
+France has a right to use the lilies of France, or fleurs-de-lis, as they
+are called, on his shield.
+
+The Duke of Anjou was, further, much troubled lest the Duke of Orleans
+should have the right to sign his proclamations with his first name only,
+after the manner of kings.
+
+After many a legal wrangle, and many a fine argument, the court finally
+gave its opinion that the Duke of Anjou had lost his case for the
+following very good reasons:
+
+First, because there is no longer a King of France--France being now a
+republic.
+
+Second, because the title of King of France is not one that can be handed
+down from father to son, like other titles. It is the sole property of the
+ruler of the kingdom of France. France being no longer a kingdom, it has
+no king, and therefore nobody has the right to the title at all.
+
+Third, because there being no longer a kingdom of France, nor a king of
+France, nobody has any especial right to use the coat of arms of the king.
+The court was of opinion that anybody may use it who feels inclined.
+
+Fourth, because there being no longer a kingdom of France nor a king,
+neither of the quarrelling dukes has any need to issue proclamations. If
+they do issue them, no one will take any notice of them, and therefore the
+court cannot see that it is anybody's business what name is signed to
+them. The Duke of Anjou has no right to interfere with the Duke of
+Orleans' signature as a private individual, and therefore the court
+refuses to dictate to the Duke of Orleans how he shall sign his letters,
+whether with his first, his last, or with all of his names.
+
+The court therefore ordered the Duke of Anjou to pay all the costs of the
+trial, and dismissed the case.
+
+Does it not seem absurd for two grown men to quarrel about a title which
+neither of them has the slightest use for?
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+On the 1st of January, 1897, a new law went into force, forbidding the
+convicts in State's prisons to do any other work than hard labor for the
+benefit of the State.
+
+Up to the time of passing this law, when a prisoner went to jail, the
+warden found out the work for which he was best suited, and gave him
+employment of that nature.
+
+A convict who was a good accountant would be put to keeping the books. A
+shoemaker would be set to mending and working in the shoe-shop. A
+bricklayer would be put to building and repairing, and so on.
+
+The new law stops this system entirely.
+
+Hard labor means lifting stones, digging, building walls, and work of that
+kind.
+
+If there are no prison buildings to be made, and no heavy work to be
+undertaken for the State, the prisoners must remain idle.
+
+To the convicts, idleness is the most cruel punishment that they can be
+given. They have nothing to interest or amuse them, nothing to think of
+but their own sad lives; they cannot speak to each other, as talking is
+absolutely forbidden, so taking their work from them is a very great
+cruelty.
+
+Since the law first went into effect, some of the convicts have become so
+unhappy that they have lost their reason.
+
+The wardens, seeing how their prisoners were suffering, have been much
+troubled, and have all been trying to think of some means of exercising or
+drilling, which will interest the convicts, and make up to them for the
+work they have lost.
+
+There have been so many complaints about convicts being allowed to do work
+that honest men can earn money by, that little by little all employment
+has been taken from them.
+
+A very good change has been made in the management of the prisons in New
+York State, by General Austin Lathrop, the Superintendent of Prisons.
+
+It has long been felt by people who have given serious thought to the
+matter, that it was wrong to mix all the criminals together. It was
+thought that men who had been dishonest should not be put with men who had
+tried to kill, or were guilty of other awful crimes. Many people have
+thought that some difference in the class of the prisoners should be made.
+
+The law does make a difference: some criminals are only given short
+sentences, while others have very long ones.
+
+But the jail makes no difference whatever. Once within the prison walls,
+all convicts are treated in the same way.
+
+[Illustration: STATE PRISON, SING SING.]
+
+General Lathrop's plan alters all this. He takes into account that some
+people commit crimes through ignorance, some through weakness, and some
+through wickedness. He thinks that the first two classes of convicts
+should be carefully separated from the really bad criminals.
+
+His plan is to divide all the convicts in the prisons into separate
+groups.
+
+Group A is to consist of those who are serving their first term of
+imprisonment, and who may therefore be supposed to have been led into
+crime by others, and not to be so wicked but that a chance remains of
+turning them back into the paths of goodness and honesty.
+
+Group B will be made up of men who have been in prison once before, and
+for whom there is still hope that they may reform.
+
+Group C will take in the men who have served more than one term of
+imprisonment, and whose reform is very doubtful, but even they will be
+separated from.
+
+Group D, into which will be put the hardened criminals, who are to be kept
+apart, that they may not harm the more innocent prisoners.
+
+The different groups will be kept entirely separated, and those who are
+young in crime will never come across the old offenders.
+
+The first group will have the greatest care from the prison officials.
+Every effort will be made to guide its members into better ways of life.
+They will be looked after by a physician, who will give them plenty of
+exercise and training to make their bodies strong. There will be a regular
+system for educating them, and training their minds into the knowledge
+that to be happy they must be good, and that sensible men will obey the
+law.
+
+When they are sent back into the world after their term of imprisonment
+is over, they will have learned how to be useful and honest men, and every
+effort will be made to help them to lead good lives.
+
+The next, Group B, and also Group C, will be treated in much the same sort
+of way as Group A, except that these groups will be disciplined more
+severely than the first one.
+
+Little time will be wasted over Group D. The men in it will be treated in
+the ordinary way, and the only especial attention they will get will be to
+see that they are never mixed with the other groups.
+
+It is hoped that, through these means, many men who are not really
+criminals at heart may be brought back to decency and good citizenship.
+
+New York State is not alone in this desire to reform its criminals.
+
+Last year, two Houses of Reform were established in Kentucky, one for boys
+and one for girls. These prisons are situated in healthy parts of the
+country, and they are built on what is called the "Cottage Family Plan."
+This means that they are divided into cottages, each of which holds about
+twenty-six criminals. Locks, bolts, and bars are not used any more than
+necessary. Each cottage is in the care of a matron, who has orders to keep
+it as much like a home as possible.
+
+The young prisoners are taught to be good citizens, and the result has
+been very fine.
+
+*    *    *    *    *
+
+We were talking about right whales not very long ago. Now, if we may
+believe what we hear, a fine large right whale has been caught off the
+Long Island coast, and the fishermen are highly pleased.
+
+It seems that one of the beach patrol caught sight of some whales out at
+sea. Hurrying to the telephone, he called up the Life-Saving Station at
+Amagansett, and handed on the news.
+
+The whole fishing population of Amagansett immediately turned out, and in
+a few minutes five boats were launched, and were quickly in pursuit of the
+whales.
+
+A good many of the Amagansett men were old whalers, so they knew exactly
+what to do, and soon coming up with a fine young whale, they succeeded in
+harpooning him. Three of the five boats reached the scene in time to
+harpoon the whale, at the same time, and then the trouble began.
+
+A harpoon is a sort of a spear, to which a long rope is attached. This
+spear is hurled at the whale by a sailor who stands in the bow of the
+boat; it has a barbed end, like that of a fish-hook, and if it once gets
+into the flesh of a whale it will hold fast, and the struggles of the
+great fish cannot pull it out.
+
+The line attached to the harpoon is held fast by the men in the boat, and
+as the whale, in his pain and fright, plunges, dives, and swims about to
+get away from the spear that is hurting him, the boat and the men in it
+are dragged after him wherever he goes.
+
+The men of Amagansett were at first very proud that three boats had
+succeeded in getting near enough for their occupants to strike the whale.
+
+But their pride did not last long. Ere two minutes had passed, each
+boat-load was wishing that they had left the whale to the other, and
+everybody was as busy as could be blaming his neighbor.
+
+The trouble was that the harpoons had all been well thrown, and all had
+stuck fast--too fast, for when the whale gave a mighty plunge, and set off
+for the North Pole, at the rate of sixty miles an hour, all the three
+boats, which were attached to him by their harpoon ropes, went bumping
+along after him, in a terrible confusion of ropes, reproaches, and bad
+language.
+
+The whale sped along. The bows of the boats which were flying in his wake
+were lifted high in the air, and the spray flew on every side, till it was
+like a morning mist.
+
+No one would let go his rope. Each man was sure his harpoon was the first
+thrown; so with hearts full of fury and fear, the brave whalers of
+Amagansett sped onward till they had made about six miles on their trip to
+the North Pole.
+
+Then the whale changed his mind, decided that the South Pole was nearer
+than the North, and, veering round, came charging down upon the boats.
+
+There was consternation among the whalers!
+
+One flip of the monster's great tail would have sent them all to a watery
+grave. They could not separate because of their twisted ropes, so, with a
+few more compliments to each other, they got ready for the fight.
+
+Before the whale had had time to do any serious harm, an old man, who had
+fought many such big fish in his day, seized another harpoon, plunged it
+into the whale's side, and finished the business.
+
+After churning the water with his tail till the whole surface looked like
+soapsuds, the whale gave up the fight, and was towed in to shore.
+
+Imagine the delight of the heroes of Amagansett, when they found that
+their prize was a right whale, with about 800 pounds of bone in his mouth.
+
+His value is supposed to be about two thousand dollars; this will be
+equally divided among the men who caught the prize.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A new Immigration Bill has passed through Congress.
+
+It provides that no one who is over sixteen years of age shall be allowed
+to come into the country if not able to read. The bill passed both Houses,
+and was sent to President Cleveland for his signature.
+
+Some people thought that he would not sign the bill, because it is good
+for us to let all the immigrants into the country who want to come. Others
+hope that he did sign it, because they think we ought to be very careful
+about the kind of people we allow to enter our country, and share its
+privileges with us.
+
+The present immigration laws are very strict. Every foreigner who comes to
+our shores has to satisfy the authorities at Ellis Island as to his
+worthiness, before he can be allowed to land.
+
+Ellis Island is in New York harbor, and is used solely for the handling of
+immigrants.
+
+Every ship that carries immigrants is obliged to furnish the authorities
+at Ellis Island with lists of these passengers, and full information about
+them. The steerage passengers are landed at Ellis Island, the lists are
+given to the clerks, and the immigrants have to pass before these clerks,
+and answer all their questions before they are allowed to enter our
+country.
+
+Before they come to the desks where the clerks sit, they have to pass two
+by two before some doctors, who watch very carefully to see if there are
+any lame or deformed persons among them. If any such are found, the
+doctors separate them from the rest, and they are carefully examined to
+see what their trouble is.
+
+If it is serious, and they are cripples, and not able to earn their own
+living, they are not allowed to come into the country, but are sent back
+where they came from, at the expense of the steamship company.
+
+In Spain and Italy, and indeed in many of the European countries, there
+are an amazing number of cripples who make their living by begging. These
+professional beggars are a dirty, shiftless set of people, a disgrace and
+a danger to the countries they live in.
+
+If we allowed them to enter our country it would greatly increase our
+taxes and expenses, for we do not allow begging, and so, as the poor
+unfortunates must have food and shelter, we would send them to our
+almshouses, and have to pay to support them. So it is forbidden to allow
+cripples, or people incapable of earning their own living, to come into
+the country.
+
+While the doctors are watching for cripples, they also examine the
+immigrants carefully, to see that they have not any kind of sickness. Only
+healthy immigrants are allowed to land, sick people being sent back.
+
+When the immigrants have passed the doctors, they then reach the clerks,
+who must be satisfied that they have money, or friends in the country,
+before they give them permission to land.
+
+People who come without money are divided from the rest, and are taken
+before a board of inquiry.
+
+Here they are asked why they came to the country. If they have friends who
+have sent for them, and who agree to feed and shelter them, they are
+allowed to pass. If no friends come for them, they are kept on Ellis
+Island till their friends are found; and if no friends are found, they are
+sent back to their own country.
+
+When they have been passed from Ellis Island the immigration law has not
+done with them. The law says that no charity shall be given to an
+immigrant who has been in this country for less than a year. Any person
+who asks for help, and has been less than a year over here, is sent back
+to Ellis Island, and from thence he is carried back to his own country by
+the same steamship company that brought him.
+
+So you see that the laws are almost strict enough now, and the immigrants
+who succeed in passing through Ellis Island are a good, solid class of
+people, who are likely to become worthy citizens.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Did you ever hear a singing mouse?
+
+A man wrote a long story to _The Sun_, a few days ago, telling how he was
+awakened one night, and frightened out of his wits by hearing a noise like
+the peeping of a chicken in the adjoining room.
+
+He got up and lit the gas, and saw a little brown mouse run across the
+floor.
+
+He set a trap, caught the mouse, which was no sooner in the trap than it
+began to sing. The man whistled to it, and the little creature replied.
+
+The man did not seem to realize that he had found a great prize, but
+pretending that his wife was afraid of the mouse, he drowned it in a pail
+of water.
+
+When it was safely dead, he began to search through his encyclopedia to
+see what kind of a "beastie" he had caught. But the encyclopedia, as
+studied by the good man, did not seem to be any wiser than he, and he
+finally wrote a note to the newspaper for information.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+It is a great pity he did not keep the mouse until he had looked the
+matter up, for chance had sent him a very gentle and charming little pet.
+
+His singing mouse was a deer or white-foot mouse. This mouse is found all
+over the United States, and while several other kinds are known to sing,
+the deer-mouse is the sweetest of the singers.
+
+These mice can be very easily tamed, and live happily in cages, like
+dormice.
+
+In "Nature's Wonderland" an interesting story is told of a deer-mouse
+which was a famous singer.
+
+It was owned by Dr. Lockwood, who was so pleased with its songs, that he
+set them to music, and gave them names.
+
+He noticed that his mouse had certain songs for certain occasions. When
+she had awakened from a long sleep, and had taken some nice food, she
+would sing her great aria, which he called the "Grand Role."
+
+When she jumped into her wheel for a spin, she had another kind of song,
+which he called the "Wheel Song."
+
+She had another song that she used for state occasions, and this was so
+silvery and sweet, that those who heard it declared that no canary could
+imitate it.
+
+It is a pity that such a pretty and curious kind of creature should have
+been killed through ignorance.
+
+                                            GENIE H. ROSENFELD.
+
+    We have another true story of a singing mouse, which will be
+    published in "THE GREAT ROUND WORLD Animal Story-Book."--EDITOR.
+
+
+
+
+Letters From Our Young Friends.
+
+
+    DEAR MR. EDITOR:
+
+    I take THE GREAT ROUND WORLD and like it very much. I am
+    interested to know what has become of Robinson Crusoe's Island,
+    as I have not seen anything about it lately. I hope there will
+    be something about it soon.
+
+                                                 Yours truly,
+    NEW YORK, Feb. 19th, 1897.          FREDERICK D.
+
+    P.S.--We have a club every Saturday morning, and we read THE
+    GREAT ROUND WORLD.
+
+
+
+DEAR FREDERICK:
+
+We have had no further news about Crusoe's Island. Rest assured that we
+will tell our young friends when anything more is heard of or from the
+island of Juan Fernandez.               THE EDITOR.
+
+
+
+    DEAR MR. EDITOR:
+
+    I have of late become deeply interested in your delightful
+    little paper, THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, and as I saw many of the
+    enthusiastic readers writing to you, and asking different
+    requests, I thought I would follow their example. I use your
+    little book for different purposes. At school we have to begin
+    topics, and I get a great deal of information from your little
+    paper. I also spend many happy moments reading its contents.
+
+    I wish you would send me the names of a few good books. I do not
+    want anything like fairy tales, but something on the order of
+    "Six Girls," by Miss Irving, or "Little Women"; or I would be
+    more pleased with the names of a few good boarding-school
+    stories. I would also like you to explain the relationship
+    between Noah and Daniel Webster.
+
+    Hoping I will receive an answer in a short time, I remain,
+
+                                        Your interested reader,
+    CINCINNATI, O., Feb. 22d, 1897.          GRACE G.
+
+
+DEAR GRACE:
+
+We are very glad you take pleasure in THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, and that you
+find it useful.
+
+We are told by a girl who is fond of reading, that "A World of Girls," by
+Mead, is the most delightful school story ever written.
+
+"Jackanapes," "Six to Sixteen," "A Flat-Iron for a Farthing," are all
+three by Mrs. Ewing, and are charming books.
+
+"An Old-Fashioned Girl," and Miss Yonge's "Pillars of the House," are both
+interesting.
+
+History does not tell us of any close relationship between Noah and Daniel
+Webster.             EDITOR.
+
+
+    DEAR EDITOR:
+
+    I tried "Sylvia's Caramels," and found them very nice.
+
+    The other day I went to the Zoo. It is very nice. Chiquita is
+    twenty-six inches tall and twenty-six years old. She is very
+    cunning. She slept in a cigar-box up to the time that she was
+    six years old! The man that told about her said that there was
+    nothing she disliked more than to be called "dear little thing."
+
+    You asked us to tell you about any book that we like. "Timothy's
+    Quest" is one of my favorite stories, by Kate Douglas Wiggin.
+    All her stories end well, this one especially. It is very funny,
+    also.
+
+    Will you please send me a "Who? When? What?" chart?
+
+    Wishing success to your little paper, I remain,
+
+                                   Your true and constant reader,
+    WEST NEWTON, MASS., Feb. 20th, 1897.    CLARA M.B.
+
+
+Grace may perhaps find Clara's favorite story, "Timothy's Quest,"
+interesting to her. We are much obliged to Clara for her nice letter.
+
+                                              EDITOR.
+
+
+    DEAR MR. EDITOR:
+
+    It's Washington's Birthday, and a very gloomy day, too. I
+    haven't anything to do, and mamma is in a great state of things,
+    so I thought I would write, which I never like to do.
+
+    Well, you know there is a lot of cruelty going on all around the
+    world.
+
+    Just think, in the summer time, how animals suffer, poor things.
+    But I cannot do a thing. I just have to see and hear about it.
+
+    Now there goes a horse-car driver whipping his horse, and here's
+    a man pulling the reins so the poor creature's head is bent way
+    back and his lip bleeding. I do beg you to write something in
+    your paper about it, but don't say who told you to, for all the
+    children whom I know that get your paper would laugh at me; but
+    if you don't tell them they will think it all right. I'll tell
+    you what to write: just something to ask them to be good to
+    animals; and tell them some of the sufferings of animals.
+
+    I don't know what to say now, so good-by.
+
+                                               Your friend,
+
+
+DEAR LITTLE FRIEND:
+
+We could not resist the temptation to publish your letter, though we have
+not put your name to it, and so no one will guess that it comes from you.
+Dear child, your gentle plea for dumb animals will do far more to make
+thoughtless people care for them than any words of ours.
+
+But we will do our best to help you, and will try to have the article you
+ask for written.
+
+There is a Society in New York for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals,
+and it publishes a lot of little books and papers telling people how to
+take care of animals. You should ask your mamma to let you go to the
+Society's rooms at No. 10 East 22d Street, and get Mr. Haines to give some
+of these books to you.
+
+When you grow up you should join the Society, and then you would be able
+to do a great deal for animals. They will love you for your kind little
+heart as much as we do.
+
+You might do something to help your favorites now, by getting all the boys
+and girls you know to join you in forming Bands of Mercy. These are clubs
+of young people who pledge themselves to be kind and helpful to all
+animals.
+
+Write to Mr. J.L. Stevens, the Secretary of the American Humane Education
+Society, Milk Street, Boston.
+
+Tell him THE GREAT ROUND WORLD gave you his address, and he will send you
+information about forming your club, and about the badges and rules.
+
+You can do a great deal for suffering animals by interesting other boys
+and girls in the work, and teaching them that we ought to be even kinder
+to animals than we are to one another, because animals are dumb, and
+cannot tell us when they suffer.
+
+                                                  EDITOR.
+
+
+We have great pleasure in informing our readers that we are about to
+publish a volume of "GREAT ROUND WORLD Natural History Stories."
+
+We know how much our young friends love _true_ stories. This collection
+will contain only true stories, and has been written by one who was an
+intimate friend, as she says, of each of these interesting creatures.
+
+It has taken several years to collect them, and they are being prepared
+and illustrated with the greatest care.
+
+We publish one story as a supplement, and will be very glad if our readers
+will let us know if it pleases them.
+
+We are constantly having new books sent in to us. We would like to have
+our subscribers read the books, and write us what they think of them.
+Letters of this kind will be printed in THE GREAT ROUND WORLD from time to
+time. Any of our subscribers who have had a letter about some book
+published may become a "reader"--that is, new books will be given them to
+read, and write an account of. If the account is well-enough written to be
+published, the book may be kept; and others will be sent from time to time
+for criticism of this kind.
+
+
+
+
+INVENTION AND DISCOVERY.
+
+
+Some lover of the wheel, who evidently cannot bear to lose the pleasure of
+wheeling even when the snow lies thick on the ground, has invented a
+sleigh attachment. This is a runner fastened beneath the driving-wheel of
+the bicycle.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+What a great thing this will be! Fancy wheeling away over the snow,
+propelling our wheels as fast as the pedals can make us go.
+
+The bicyclists ought to be very happy this year; so many clever brains are
+working for their comfort and pleasure.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+All who ride have been troubled at times what to do with the bicycles when
+they are standing still.
+
+It may be there is damp grass, which would make it impossible to lay the
+precious wheel down; or there may be a thousand other little
+inconveniences.
+
+Some one has come to the aid of the bicyclist, and invented a bicycle
+support, which can be secured to the machine, and raised at will, so as
+not to interfere with the wheel when in motion. It is just the thing all
+bicyclists have been longing for.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Another busy brain has been at work in anticipation of the summer, and the
+glorious time in store, riding along the country roads.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+An umbrella support is the result. It consists of an attachment composed
+of portions which can be connected or removed at will.
+
+What a boon it will be, on a hot summer's day, to have an umbrella
+comfortably held over one's head, while the hands are free to guide the
+wheel!
+
+
+
+
+FIRST BOUND VOLUMES
+
+OF....
+
+=The Great Round World=
+
+_Containing Nos. 1 to 15_
+
+=WILL BE READY MARCH 20TH=
+
+THESE VOLUMES WILL BE IN STRONG CLOTH, WITH TITLE ON BACK AND SIDE, WITH A
+HANDSOME DESIGN....
+
+=Price, Postage Paid, $1.25=
+
+Subscribers wishing their numbers bound will send them (express paid),
+enclosing 35 cents to cover cost of binding. Missing numbers or
+supplements will be supplied until exhausted, at regular price.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+    WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON
+
+    _3 & 5 West 18th Street, New York City_
+
+
+
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD
+
+NATURAL HISTORY
+
+STORIES.
+
+A Series of True Stories
+
+BY
+
+JULIA TRUITT BISHOP.
+
+Attractively Illustrated by Barnes.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+These stories will be issued in parts. Price, 10 cents each. Subscription
+price (12 numbers), $1.00. Part 1. issued as supplement to GREAT ROUND
+WORLD. 19.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    =Author's Preface.=
+
+    The stories published in this little volume have been issued
+    from time to time in the Philadelphia _Times_, and it is at the
+    request of many readers that they now greet the world in more
+    enduring form. They have been written as occasion suggested,
+    during several years; and they commemorate to me many of the
+    friends I have known and loved in the animal world. "Shep" and
+    "Dr. Jim," "Abdallah" and "Brownie," "Little Dryad" and
+    "Peek-a-Boo." I have been fast friends with every one, and have
+    watched them with such loving interest that I knew all their
+    ways and could almost read their thoughts. I send them on to
+    other lovers of dumb animals, hoping that the stories of these
+    friends of mine will carry pleasure to young and old.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    =WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON,=
+
+    =3 & 5 West 18th Street.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+=KLEMMS'=
+
+=RELIEF PRACTICE MAPS.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+=LIST OF MAPS.=
+
+    Small size, 9-1/2 x 11 { Plain,                       5 cents each.
+                           { With Waterproofed surface   10   "    "
+
+    Europe, Asia, Africa; North America, South America, East Central
+    States, New England, Middle Atlantic States, South Atlantic
+    States, Palestine, Australia.
+
+
+    Large size, 10 x 15 { Plain,                     10 cents each.
+                        { With Waterproofed Surface, 15   "     "
+
+    United States, British Isles, Roman Empire, Western Europe,
+    North America, South America, Asia.
+
+    (POSTAGE ON SINGLE MAPS, 5 CENTS.)
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"I would advise =Sunday-school teachers= to use, in connection with the
+lessons of 1897, =Klemm's Relief Map of the Roman Empire=. Every scholar
+who can draw should have a copy of it. Being blank, it can be beautifully
+colored: waters, blue; mountains, brown; valleys, green; deserts, yellow;
+cities marked with pin-holes; and the journeys of Paul can be traced upon
+it."--MRS. WILBUR F. CRAFTS, _President International Union of
+Primary Sabbath-School Teachers of the United States_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+=DESCRIPTION OF THE MAPS.=
+
+These maps are made in two forms, both with beautifully executed relief
+(embossed)--the cheaper ones of plain stiff paper similar to drawing paper
+(these are to be substituted for and used as outline map blanks), the
+others covered with a durable waterproof surface, that can be quickly
+cleaned with a damp sponge, adapted to receive a succession of markings
+and cleansings. Oceans, lakes, and rivers, as well as land, appear in the
+same color, white, so as to facilitate the use of the map as a
+=_geographical slate_=.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    =WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON
+    _3 & 5 W. 18th St. ... New York City_=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+=Evolution of Empire Series=
+
+UNITED STATES
+
+BY
+
+MARY PLATT PARMELE
+
+AUTHOR OF
+
+="Who? When? What?" "France," "Germany," "England," Etc.=
+
+    Price,
+    Post-paid
+    75 Cents
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_From New York Sun Editorial Dec._ 30, 1896.
+
+In too many of the little school histories there is but a tedious, bare
+narrative of apparently unconnected facts, and there is a profitless
+rigmarole of dates and names: but when the sequence of cause and effect is
+not obscured, and form and life are given to the actors, and the
+development of events and institutions is traced, the story of the United
+States becomes, as it should become, the most, fascinating as it is the
+most important of histories to Americans; and whatever in historical
+inquiry and writing promotes accuracy, adds detail, and clears up
+obscurity, increases the worth and the, charm of the work.
+
+W.B. Harison has published in his "Evolution of Empire" series, a brief
+historical sketch of the United States, by Mary Platt Parmele, whose other
+volumes in the series have received cordial praise. In this book one finds
+the story of our country told in about 300 pages, and very interestingly
+is it written. The book leaves out the innumerable incidents and figures
+which are of great importance to students, but which are not necessary in
+a book for general reading, and presents the narrative in a graphic
+manner, in which the interest of the reader never flags. The book is bound
+in blue buckram and costs but 75 cents. The other volumes in the series
+deal with the histories of France, England, and Germany, in the same
+brilliant vein.--_Hartford Post._
+
+Its value does not lie in the multitude of facts which it contains, but
+rather in the lucid, natural way in which a few really important facts are
+presented and grouped, and in the stimulus which it imparts to a rational
+study of our country's history.--_The Review of Reviews._
+
+In "The Evolution of an Empire," Mary Platt Parmele has endeavored to give
+in outline the story of the discovery, settlement, and development of the
+United States of America, touching only upon vital points and excluding
+all detail. The task has been a most difficult one on account of the
+constant temptation to deal with matters of minor importance. The author
+has, however, succeeded in making a very acceptable book.--_Boston
+Transcript._
+
+The latest issue in the "Evolution of an Empire" series is Mary Platt
+Parmele's "History of the United States." It is a short and simple
+outline, which presents in a book of about 300 pages the main facts of our
+national history, and a very fair and judicial presentment it is, too.
+While the general reader will find it of interest, it has been prepared
+more particularly for the young, who are easily wearied by the prolix
+details which encumber so many of the histories prepared for them. Mrs.
+Parmele very truly remarks that the child, bewildered in a labyrinth of
+unfamiliar names and events, fails to grasp the main lines and soon
+dislikes history, simply because he has been studying, not with a thinking
+mind, but with one overtaxed faculty, memory, intended to be the humble
+handmaid of the higher faculties. In the work under consideration, she
+begins with the first voyage of Columbus and brings us down to the
+principal events of 1893; she is sparing of details, and has merely
+skeletonized her theme, adding sufficient of incident, to avoid dryness.
+It seems a meritorious and well-prepared work, and a chronological table
+adds to its value.--_The Detroit Free Press._
+
+    =WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON=
+    =3 and 5 West 18th St.--44 East 49th St.=
+    =NEW YORK CITY=
+
+
+
+
+
+
+SUPPLEMENT TO
+[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND
+WORLD
+And WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE INAUGURATION.
+
+We have a new President.
+
+March 4th, William McKinley was duly inaugurated as Chief Officer of our
+country.
+
+For once the weather was perfect, and everybody was in the best of good
+humor, and up early to see the sights. At about ten o'clock Major McKinley
+was escorted from his hotel to the White House by a company of soldiers.
+
+Here he was received by Mr. Cleveland, who up to the very last moment was
+busy writing and attending to the final duties of his office.
+
+The members of Mr. Cleveland's Cabinet also came to pay their respects to
+the President-elect. After the greetings were over, Mr. Cleveland and
+Major McKinley walked out on the porch side by side, ready to make their
+journey to the Capitol.
+
+As they passed down the steps through the crowd that was waiting to see
+them, every hat came off, and the spectators stood bareheaded as the two
+most important men in the country passed before them.
+
+The state carriage, drawn by four horses, was waiting for them; stepping
+into it, they started on their trip to the Capitol.
+
+The streets through which the carriage passed were thronged with people,
+who cheered and yelled, some even dancing up and down in their excitement.
+
+There was a trifling accident to the President's carriage in the course of
+the journey, but it did not delay the procession much, and, except for the
+excitement it caused, would hardly have been noticed.
+
+One of the rear horses slipped and fell, and in his fall broke one of the
+silver links that held the traces. It was mended in less time than it
+takes to tell about it, but every one feared that some accident had
+happened to the Presidents, and for a few minutes there was a good deal of
+galloping back and forth, and excitement among the leaders of the
+procession.
+
+As soon as the trace was mended the procession swept on, and reached the
+Capitol without further delay.
+
+An interesting part of the parade was the squad of soldiers on bicycles
+which brought up the rear.
+
+Inside the Capitol all was excitement, for the President and
+President-elect were to be received in the Senate Chamber.
+
+As a rule, the Senators and their desks spread out in a semicircle round
+the raised dais on which is the Speaker's chair, and they take up pretty
+much the whole of the Chamber.
+
+On inauguration days the desks disappear, and the Senators are seated in
+rows on one side. On this occasion they were placed on the right of the
+chamber, packed just as closely together as they could be.
+
+All the galleries of the Senate were also closely packed with the
+families of the Ambassadors and Ministers, and the friends of the
+Senators. In a place set apart for them were Major McKinley's family and
+friends, amongst them being his wife and his mother, Mrs. Nancy Allison
+McKinley, a bright, active old lady, over eighty years of age.
+
+The Senators being in their places, the President of the Senate gave one
+stroke of his gavel, and immediately the doors of the Senate were thrown
+open, and the usher of the Senate announced:
+
+"The Ambassadors of foreign countries."
+
+All the Senators rose to their feet, and in filed the Ambassadors in full
+diplomatic dress.
+
+Their dress-coats and trousers were decorated with gold bullion, they
+carried their white-feathered, three-cornered hats in their hands, and
+across their shoulders, from left to right, were sashes of colored satin,
+according to their rank or their country--pink, white, yellow, and red
+satin.
+
+They were ushered to seats in front of the Vice-President's dais, and
+almost immediately the doors were again thrown open and the page
+announced:
+
+"The Ministers of foreign countries."
+
+The Senators again rose, and in walked the Ministers, and were ushered to
+their seats.
+
+All wore the full diplomatic costume, which, as you will see, varies
+considerably according to the Minister's country. The Chinese Minister
+wore a slate-colored, figured silk, his official hat being of black velvet
+with a red silk crown. The Turkish Minister was dressed in black
+broadcloth and white satin, all covered with gold embroidery, and wore the
+national red fez as a hat. The Japanese Minister wore dark clothes
+magnificently embroidered in gold. The Coreau Minister had a loose robe
+of sea-green silk with a tortoise-shell belt. The Austrian Minister wore
+the beautiful Hungarian costume, with the short cloak hanging from the
+shoulder.
+
+The Ministers appear from all accounts to have made a most gorgeous group
+with their jewels and their gold embroidery and their orders and colored
+dresses, making a strong contrast to the simple, ordinary dress of the
+Senators.
+
+After these persons, the Judges of the Supreme Court were announced; then
+came the members of the House of Representatives, headed by their speaker;
+then President Cleveland's Cabinet; and then the whole house rose to
+receive the Vice-President-elect of the United States, Mr. Garret A.
+Hobart, of New Jersey. He had no sooner arrived in his place, than the
+usher made the important announcement of the day:
+
+"The President and the President-elect of the United States."
+
+Down the aisle came Mr. Cleveland and Mr. McKinley, side by side.
+
+The whole assembly remained standing until the two Presidents had taken
+their seats, and then the official proceedings of the day commenced.
+
+Mr. Hobart took his oath of office as Vice-President of the United States.
+
+The former Vice-President then made a farewell speech to the Senate, and
+handed his gavel to Mr. Hobart. The gavel is a little ivory or wooden
+mallet used by a presiding officer to rap on a table or stone when he
+wishes to gain the attention of an assembly.
+
+The first use made of the gavel by the incoming Vice-President was to rap
+for order while the blind Chaplain of the Senate, the Reverend Dr.
+Milburn, called for a blessing from on High.
+
+The prayer over, the Vice-President made his first address to the Senate,
+and immediately after administered the oath to fifteen newly elected
+Senators. The little bustle of people leaving the galleries while this
+latter was proceeding, showed that the great moment had come--and it was
+time to inaugurate the new President.
+
+The President always takes the oath of office on the porch of the
+Capitol--in full view of the people--and so, the work in the Senate being
+finished, the two Presidents walked side by side out to the eastern front
+of the building.
+
+As soon as the Judges, Senators, and Congressmen had taken their places on
+the stand provided for them, Chief Justice Fuller came forward to the
+little enclosure which had been railed off and fitted with two great
+leathern arm-chairs for Major McKinley and Mr. Cleveland.
+
+He told Mr. McKinley that it was time to take his oath of office: and
+standing bareheaded, his hand resting on the Bible, William McKinley swore
+to be true and faithful to the great trust he was receiving from the
+people.
+
+His oath being taken, he kissed the Bible, and the ceremony was complete.
+He is the twenty-fifth President of the United States of America.
+
+The moment had now come for the new President to deliver the inaugural
+address. Great anxiety has been felt about this speech, because it was
+expected that it would give the people some idea of the way Major
+McKinley meant to treat the several questions that are vexing us at the
+present time.
+
+He opened his speech with these beautiful words:
+
+    "FELLOW CITIZENS:--In obedience to the will of the people, and
+    in their presence, by the authority vested in me by this oath, I
+    assume the arduous and responsible duties of President of the
+    United States, relying on the support of my countrymen and
+    invoking the guidance of Almighty God. Our faith teaches that
+    there is no safer reliance than upon the God of our fathers, who
+    has so singularly favored the American people in every national
+    trial, and who will not forsake us so long as we obey His
+    commandments and walk humbly in His footsteps."
+
+He then took up the subject of _Money_, and said that he thought the
+Government wanted to look closely into the Treasury matters, and devise a
+means whereby we might be able to have as much money as we needed in
+circulation, without having to keep the enormous reserve of gold, which
+costs us such ruinous interest every year.
+
+He would like to have all the laws relating to the coining of money and
+banking of money carefully revised, and to put our money system on such a
+sound basis that it will not be threatened with change at each change of
+party.
+
+He said that he hoped to make the other Powers of the world agree with him
+about the wisdom of bimetalism--which means the equal use of silver and
+gold. Many of our present troubles have been supposed to come from the
+fact that we cannot pay our debts to foreign countries in silver, but only
+in gold, and that we have not enough gold to pay all the debts we owe,
+and so we are obliged to borrow gold from these foreign countries at
+ruinous interest, to pay back again to them.
+
+President McKinley hopes that we may arrange with other countries to take
+silver or gold equally the one with the other, just whichever happens to
+be most plentiful at the time.
+
+He went on to say that we must be economical, and try to reduce our
+national debt, and that the Government should not be allowed to spend more
+than its income, but that if it was necessary to increase the income to
+meet the just expenses of pensions for soldiers and sailors who had fought
+for us, and for the widows and orphans of the brave men who died for our
+country, he thought the money should not be raised by loans, which put the
+country still more deeply into debt, but by taxes, whereby each man could
+take his share of the expense of the Government which protected his home.
+
+He then spoke about the _Tariff_, and said that the tariff laws which he
+hoped to see made would bring in enough money to supply all needs, without
+directly taxing the people--which was a thing he did not approve of,
+except in time of war. The tariff is a tax put on all foreign products
+brought into this country.
+
+He then touched upon _Trusts_, and very severely, too. He approved
+entirely of the efforts that had been made by Mr. Cleveland's Government
+to suppress trusts, and he said that his Government would follow
+steadfastly in its footsteps--enforcing the laws that already existed, and
+making such new ones as were necessary.
+
+He spoke about _Immigration_. President Cleveland vetoed the immigration
+bill, about which we were speaking; but President McKinley approves of
+restricting immigration, and will probably sign the bill if it is brought
+before him.
+
+One very interesting point that he touched on was the subject of _American
+Merchant Marine_.
+
+At the present time we have so few of our own ships sailing the seas, that
+we can be said to have no merchant marine at all. The ships that crowd our
+ports are from foreign countries.
+
+President McKinley said he would like Congress to take the matter in hand,
+and assist in restoring our merchant navy to its former greatness.
+
+Then he spoke on _Foreign Policy_. This is also a very interesting
+subject, because it shows us the attitude President McKinley will take
+toward poor little Cuba.
+
+He said he believed in peace and friendship with other countries, and that
+war should never be entered upon until every effort for peace had failed.
+
+He believed in a policy of non-interference, and of leaving to foreign
+countries the business of settling their own quarrels with their colonies.
+
+He believed, however, in being just and impartial, ever watchful of our
+national honor, and always insisting on the lawful rights of our citizens
+every where.
+
+About _Arbitration_, President McKinley said that he considered it the
+only true method of settling international quarrels, and that he was in
+favor of ratifying the treaty with Great Britain, and hoped the Senate
+would do so at a very early date.
+
+He then said he should call an extra session of Congress for March 15th,
+to attend to various important affairs that needed immediate attention.
+
+His closing words were:
+
+"Let me again repeat the words of the oath administered by the Chief
+Justice: 'I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United
+States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend
+the Constitution of the United States.' This is the obligation I have
+reverently taken before the Lord Most High. To keep it will be my single
+purpose, my constant prayer, and I shall confidently rely upon the
+forbearance and assistance of all the people in the discharge of my solemn
+responsibilities."
+
+When the speech was made, the main work of the day was over.
+
+After this came the great parade; the new and old Presidents were escorted
+back to the White House, in front of which a stand had been erected. From
+this stand the new President reviewed the parade.
+
+This took two hours and a half to pass, and consisted of National
+Guardsmen from every State in the Union, a division of the regular army
+and navy, clubs and organizations, and a division of Indian cadets from
+the Government School at Carlisle.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is
+Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 19, March 18, 1897, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
+***** This file should be named 15404.txt or 15404.zip *****
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