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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Black-Bearded Barbarian (George Leslie
+Mackay), by Mary Esther Miller MacGregor, AKA Marion Keith
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Black-Bearded Barbarian (George Leslie Mackay)
+
+Author: Mary Esther Miller MacGregor, AKA Marion Keith
+
+Posting Date: September 21, 2008 [EBook #1759]
+Release Date: May, 1999
+Last updated: November 27, 2011
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BLACK-BEARDED BARBARIAN ***
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE BLACK-BEARDED BARBARIAN
+
+by Mary Esther Miller MacGregor (AKA Marion Keith)
+
+
+
+
+THE BLACK BEARDED BARBARIAN (1)
+
+     (1) The name by which George Leslie Mackay was
+     known among the Chinese of north Formosa.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER I. SPLITTING ROCKS
+
+Up in the stony pasture-field behind the barn the boys had been working
+all the long afternoon. Nearly all, that is, for, being boys, they had
+managed to mix a good deal of fun with their labor. But now they were
+tired of both work and play, and wondered audibly, many times over, why
+they were not yet called home to supper.
+
+The work really belonged to the Mackay boys, but, like Tom Sawyer, they
+had made it so attractive that several volunteers had come to their aid.
+Their father was putting up a new stone house, near the old one down
+there behind the orchard, and the two youngest of the family had been
+put at the task of breaking the largest stones in the field.
+
+It meant only to drag some underbrush and wood from the forest skirting
+the farm, pile them on the stones, set fire to them, and let the heat do
+the rest. It had been grand sport at first, they all voted, better than
+playing shinny, and almost as good as going fishing. In fact it was a
+kind of free picnic, where one could play at Indians all day long.
+But as the day wore on, the picnic idea had languished, and the
+stone-breaking grew more and more to resemble hard work.
+
+The warm spring sunset had begun to color the western sky; the
+meadow-larks had gone to bed, and the stone-breakers were tired and
+ravenously hungry--as hungry as only wolves or country boys can be. The
+visitors suggested that they ought to be going home. "Hold on, Danny,
+just till this one breaks," said the older Mackay boy, as he set a
+burning stick to a new pile of brush.
+
+"This'll be a dandy, and it's the last, too. They're sure to call us to
+supper before we've time to do another."
+
+The new fire, roaring and snapping, sending up showers of sparks and
+filling the air with the sweet odor of burning cedar, proved too
+alluring to be left. The company squatted on the ground before it,
+hugging their knees and watching the blue column of smoke go straight
+up into the colored sky. It suggested a camp-fire in war times, and each
+boy began to tell what great and daring deeds he intended to perform
+when he became a man.
+
+Jimmy, one of the visitors, who had been most enthusiastic over the
+picnic side of the day's work, announced that he was going to be a
+sailor. He would command a fleet on the high seas, so he would, and
+capture pirates, and grow fabulously wealthy on prize-money. Danny, who
+was also a guest, declared his purpose one day to lead a band of rough
+riders to the Western plains, where he would kill Indians, and escape
+fearful deaths by the narrowest hairbreadth.
+
+"Mebbe I'm goin'to be Premier of Canada, some day," said one youngster,
+poking his bare toes as near as he dared to the flames.
+
+There were hoots of derision. This was entirely too tame to be even
+considered as a career.
+
+"And what are you going to be, G. L.?" inquired the biggest boy of the
+smallest.
+
+The others looked at the little fellow and laughed. George Mackay was
+the youngest of the group, and was a small wiry youngster with a pair of
+flashing eyes lighting up his thin little face. He seemed far too
+small and insignificant to even think about a career. But for all the
+difference in their size and age the bigger boys treated little George
+with a good deal of respect. For, somehow, he never failed to do what he
+set out to do. He always won at races, he was never anywhere but at the
+head of his class, he was never known to be afraid of anything in field
+or forest or school ground, he was the hardest worker at home or at
+school, and by sheer pluck he managed to do everything that boys bigger
+and older and stronger could do.
+
+So when Danny asked, "And what are you going to be, G. L.?" though the
+boys laughed at the small thin little body, they respected the daring
+spirit it held, and listened for his answer.
+
+"He's goin' to be a giant, and go off with a show," cried one, and they
+all laughed again.
+
+Little G. L. laughed too, but he did not say what he intended to do when
+he grew big. Down in his heart he held a far greater ambition than the
+others dreamed of. It was too great to be told--so great he scarcely
+knew what it was himself. So he only shook his small head and closed his
+lips tightly, and the rest forgot him and chattered on.
+
+Away beyond the dark woods, the sunset shone red and gold between the
+black tree trunks. The little boy gazed at it wonderingly. The sight of
+those morning and evening glories always stirred his child's soul,
+and made him long to go away--away, he knew not where--to do great and
+glorious deeds. The Mackay boys' grandfather had fought at Waterloo, and
+little George Leslie, the youngest of six, had heard many, many tales
+of that gallant struggle, and every time they had been told him he had
+silently resolved that, some day, he too would do just such brave deeds
+as his grandfather had done.
+
+As the boys talked on, and the little fellow gazed at the sunset and
+dreamed, the big stone cracked in two, the fire died down, and still
+there came no welcome call to supper from any of the farmhouses in
+sight. The Mackay boys had been trained in a fine old-fashioned Canadian
+home, and did not dream of quitting work until they were summoned. But
+the visitors were merely visitors, and could go home when they liked.
+The future admiral of the pirate-killing fleet declared he must go and
+get supper, or he'd eat the grass, he was so hungry. The coming Premier
+of Canada and the Indian-slayer agreed with him, and they all jumped the
+fence, and went whooping away over the soft brown fields toward home.
+
+There was just one big stone left. It was a huge boulder, four feet
+across.
+
+"We'll never get enough wood to crack that, G. L.," declared his
+brother. "It just can't be done."
+
+But little George answered just as any one who knew his determination
+would have expected. In school he astonished his teacher by learning
+everything at a tremendous rate, but there was one small word he refused
+to learn--the little word "can't." His bright eyes flashed, now, at the
+sound of it. He jumped upon the big stone, and clenched his fist.
+
+"It's GOT to be broken!" he cried. "I WON'T let it beat me." He leaped
+down, and away he ran toward the woods. His brother caught his spirit,
+and ran too. They forgot they were both tired and hungry. They seized a
+big limb of a fallen tree and dragged it across the field. They chopped
+it into pieces, and piled it high with plenty of brush, upon the big
+stone. In a few minutes it was all in a splendid blaze, leaping and
+crackling, and sending the boys' long shadows far across the field.
+
+The fire grew fiercer and hotter, and suddenly the big boulder cracked
+in four pieces, as neatly as though it had been slashed by a giant's
+sword. Little G. L. danced around it, and laughed triumphantly. The
+next moment there came the welcome "hoo-hoo" from the house behind
+the orchard, and away the two scampered down the hill toward home and
+supper.
+
+When the day's work of the farmhouse had been finished, the Mackay
+family gathered about the fire, for the spring evening was chilly.
+George Leslie sat near his mother, his face full of deep thought. It was
+the hour for family worship, and always at this time he felt most keenly
+that longing to do something great and glorious. Tonight his father read
+of a Man who was sending out his army to conquer the world. It was only
+a little army, just twelve men, but they knew their Leader had more
+power than all the soldiers of the world. And they were not afraid,
+though he said, "Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of
+wolves." For he added, "Fear ye not," for he would march before them,
+and they would be sure of victory.
+
+The little boy listened with all his might. He did everything that way.
+Surely this was a story of great and glorious deeds, even better than
+Waterloo, he felt. And there came to his heart a great longing to go out
+and fight wrong and put down evil as these men had done. He did not
+know that the longing was the voice of the great King calling his young
+knight to go out and "Live pure, speak true, right wrong, follow the
+King."
+
+But there came a day when he did understand, and on that day he was
+ready to obey.
+
+When bedtime came the boys were asked if they had finished their work,
+and the story of the last big stone was told. "G. L. would not leave it,"
+the brother explained. The father looked smilingly at little G. L.
+who still sat, dangling his short legs from his chair, and studying the
+fire.
+
+He spoke to his wife in Gaelic. "Perhaps the lad will be called to break
+a great rock some day. The Lord grant he may do it."
+
+The boy looked up wonderingly. He understood Gaelic as well as English,
+but he did not comprehend his father's words. He had no idea they were
+prophetic, and that away on the other side of the world, in a land his
+geography lessons had not yet touched, there stood a great rock, ugly
+and hard and grim, which he was one day to be called upon to break.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II. A VOYAGE OF DISCOVERY
+
+The steamship America, bound for Hongkong, was leaving the dock at San
+Francisco. All was bustle and noise and stir. Friends called a last
+farewell from the deck, handkerchiefs waved, many of them wet with
+tears. The long boom of a gun roared out over the harbor, a bell rang,
+and the signal was given. Up came the anchor, and slowly and with
+dignity the great vessel moved out through the Golden Gate into the wide
+Pacific.
+
+Crowds stood on the deck to get a last glimpse of home and loved ones,
+and to wave to friends as long as they could be distinguished. There
+was one young man who stood apart from the crowd, and who did not wave
+farewell to any one. He had come on board with a couple of men, but
+they had gone back to the dock, and were lost in the crowd. He seemed
+entirely alone. He leaned against the deck-railing and gazed intently
+over the widening strip of tumbling waters to the city on the shore. But
+he did not see it. Instead, he saw a Canadian farmhouse, a garden and
+orchard, and gently sloping meadows hedged in by forest. And up behind
+the barn he saw a stony field, where long ago he and his brother and the
+neighbor boys had broken the stones for the new house.
+
+His quick movements, his slim, straight figure, and his bright, piercing
+eyes showed he was the same boy who had broken the big rock in the
+pasture-field long before. Just the same boy, only bigger, and more man
+than boy now, for he wore an air of command and his thin keen face bore
+a beard, a deep black, like his hair. And now he was going away, as
+he had longed to go, when he was a boy, and ahead of him lay the big
+frowning rock, which he must either break or be broken upon.
+
+He had learned many things since those days when he had scampered
+barefoot over the fields, or down the road to school. He had been to
+college in Toronto, in Princeton, and away over in Edinburgh, in the old
+homeland where his father and mother were born. And all through his
+life that call to go and do great deeds for the King had come again
+and again. He had determined to obey it when he was but a little lad at
+school. He had encountered many big stones in his way, which he had to
+break, before he could go on. But the biggest stone of all lay across
+his path when college was over, and he was ready and anxious to go away
+as a missionary. The Presbyterian Church of Canada had never yet sent
+out a missionary to a foreign land, and some of the good old men bade
+George Mackay stay at home and preach the gospel there. But as usual he
+conquered. Every one saw he would be a great missionary if he were only
+given a chance. At last the General Assembly gave its consent, and now,
+in spite of all stones in the way, here he was, bound for China, and
+ready to do anything the King commanded. Land was beginning to fade
+away into a gray mist, the November wind was damp and chill, he turned
+and went down to his stateroom. He sat down on his little steamer trunk,
+and for the first time the utter loneliness and the uncertainty of this
+voyage came over him. He took up his Bible and turned to the fly-leaf.
+There he read the inscription:
+
+Presented to REV. G. L. MACKAY
+
+First missionary of the Canadian Presbyterian Church to China, by the
+Foreign Mission Committee, as a parting token of their esteem, when
+about to leave his native land for the sphere of his future labors among
+the heathen. WILLIAM MACLAREN, Convener.
+
+Ottawa, 9th October, 1871. Matthew xxviii: 18-20. Psalm cxxi
+
+It was a moment of severe trial to the young soldier. But he turned to
+the Psalm marked on the fly-leaf of his Bible, and he read it again and
+again.
+
+"My help cometh from the Lord which made heaven and earth"
+
+"The Lord is thy keeper: the Lord is thy shade upon thy right hand."
+
+"The sun shall not smite thee by day, nor the moon by night."
+
+The beautiful words gave him comfort. Homesickness, loneliness, and
+fears for the future all vanished. He was going out to an unknown land
+where dangers and perhaps death awaited him, but the Lord would be his
+keeper and nothing could harm him.
+
+Twenty-six days on the Pacific! And a stormy voyage it was, for the
+Pacific does not always live up to her beautiful name, and she tossed
+the America about in a shocking manner. But the voyage did not seem long
+to George Mackay. There were other missionaries on board with whom he
+had become acquainted, and he had long delightful talks with them and
+they taught him many things about his new work. He was the same busy G.
+L. he had been when a boy; always working, working, and he did not waste
+a moment on the voyage. There was a fine library on the ship and he
+studied the books on China until he knew more about the religion of that
+country than did many of the Chinese themselves.
+
+One day, as he was poring over a Chinese history, some one called him
+hastily to come on deck. He threw down his book and ran up-stairs. The
+whole ship was in a joyous commotion. His friend pointed toward
+the horizon, and away off there against the sky stood the top of a
+snow-capped peak--Fujiyama!--the majestic, sacred mountain of Japan!
+
+It was a welcome sight, after the long ocean voyage, and the hours they
+lay in Yokahama harbor were full of enjoyment. Every sight was thrilling
+and strange to young Mackay's Western eyes. The harbor fairly swarmed
+with noisy, shouting, chattering Japanese boatmen. He wondered why they
+seemed so familiar, until it suddenly dawned on him that their queer
+ricestraw coats made them look like a swarm of Robinson Crusoes who had
+just been rescued from their islands.
+
+When he landed he found things still funnier. The streets were noisier
+than the harbor. Through them rolled large heavy wooden carts, pulled
+and pushed by men, with much grunting and groaning. Past him whirled
+what looked like overgrown baby carriages, also pulled by men, and each
+containing a big grown-up human baby. It was all so pretty too, and so
+enchanting that the young missionary would fain have remained there. But
+China was still farther on, so when the America again set sail, he was
+on board.
+
+Away they sailed farther and farther east, or was it west? He often
+asked himself that question in some amusement as they approached the
+coast of China. They entered a long winding channel and steamed this
+way and that until one day they sailed into a fine broad harbor with
+a magnificent city rising far up the steep sides of a hill. It was an
+Oriental city, and therefore strange to the young traveler. But for all
+that there seemed something familiar in the fine European buildings
+that lined the streets, and something still more homelike in that which
+floated high above them--something that brought a thrill to the heart of
+the young Canadian--the red-crossed banner of Britain!
+
+It was Hongkong, the great British port of the East, and here he decided
+to land. No sooner had the travelers touched the dock, than they were
+surrounded by a yelling, jostling crowd of Chinese coolies, all shouting
+in an outlandish gibberish for the privilege of carrying the Barbarians'
+baggage. A group gathered round Mackay, and in their eagerness began
+hammering each other with bamboo poles. He was well-nigh bewildered,
+when above the din sounded the welcome music of an English voice.
+
+"Are you Mackay from Canada?"
+
+He whirled round joyfully. It was Dr. E. J. Eitel, a missionary from
+England. He had been told that the young Canadian would arrive on the
+America and was there to welcome him.
+
+Although the Canadian Presbyterian Church had as yet sent out no
+missionaries to a foreign land, the Presbyterian Church of England had
+many scattered over China. They were all hoping that the new recruit
+would join them, and invited him to visit different mission stations,
+and see where he would like to settle.
+
+So he remained that night in Hongkong, as Dr. Eitel's guest, and the
+next morning he took a steamer for Canton. Here he was met on the
+pier by an old fellow student of Princeton University, and the two old
+college friends had a grand reunion. He returned to Hongkong shortly,
+and next visited Swatow. As they sailed into the harbor, he noticed two
+Englishmen rowing out toward them in a sampan. (*) No sooner had the ship's
+ladder been lowered, than the two sprang out of their boat and clambered
+quickly on deck. To Mackay's amazement, one of them called out, "Is
+Mackay of Canada on board?"
+
+     * A Chinese boat from twelve to fifteen feet long, covered
+     with a house.
+
+"Mackay of Canada," sprang forward delighted, and found his two new
+friends to be Mr. Hobson of the Chinese imperial customs, and Dr.
+Thompson of the English Presbyterian mission in Swatow.
+
+The missionaries here gave the stranger a warm welcome. At every place
+he had visited there had awaited him a cordial invitation to stay and
+work. And now at Swatow he was urged to settle down and help them. There
+was plenty to be done, and they would be delighted to have his help.
+
+But for some reason, Mackay scarcely knew why himself, he wanted to see
+another place.
+
+Away off the southeastern coast of China lies a large island called
+Formosa. It is separated from the mainland by a body of water called
+the Formosa Channel. This is in some places eighty miles wide, in others
+almost two hundred. Mackay had often heard of Formosa even before coming
+to China, and knew it was famed for its beauty.
+
+Even its name shows this. Long, long years before, some navigators from
+Portugal sailed to this beautiful island. They had stood on the deck
+of their ship as they approached it, and were amazed at its loveliness.
+They saw lofty green mountains piercing the clouds. They saw silvery
+cascades tumbling down their sides, flashing in the sunlight, and,
+below, terraced plains sloping down to the sea, covered with waving
+bamboo or with little water-covered rice-fields. It was all so
+delightful that no wonder they cried,
+
+"Illha Formosa! Illha Formosa!"
+
+"Beautiful Isle! Beautiful Isle." Since that day the "Beautiful Isle,"
+perhaps the most charming in all the world, has been called Formosa.
+
+And, somehow, Mackay longed to see this "Beautiful Isle" before he
+decided where he was going to preach the gospel. And so when the kind
+friends at Swatow said, "Stay and work with us," he always answered,
+"I must first see Formosa."
+
+So, one day, he sailed away from the mainland toward the Beautiful
+Isle. He landed at Takow in the south of the island, just about
+Christmas-time. But Formosa was green, the weather was hot, and he could
+scarcely believe that, at home in Oxford county, Ontario, they were
+flying over the snow to the music of sleigh-bells. On New Year's day
+he met a missionary of this south Formosa field, named Dr. Ritchie. He
+belonged to the Presbyterian Church of England, which had a fine mission
+there. For nearly a month Mackay visited with him and studied the
+language.
+
+And while he visited and worked there the missionaries told him of
+the northern part of the island. No person was there to tell all those
+crowded cities of Jesus Christ and His love. It would be lonely for him
+there, it would be terribly hard work, but it would be a grand Thing
+to lay the foundations, to be the first to tell those people the "good
+news," the young missionary thought. And, one day, he looked up from the
+Chinese book he was studying and said to Dr. Ritchie:
+
+"I have decided to settle in north Formosa."
+
+And Dr. Ritchie's quick answer was:
+
+"God bless you, Mackay."
+
+As soon as the decision was made, another missionary, Dr. Dickson, who
+was with Mr. Ritchie, decided to go to north Formosa with the young man,
+and show him over the ground. So, early in the month of March in the
+year 1872, the three men set off by steamship to sail for Tamsui, a port
+in north Formosa. They were two days making the voyage, and a tropical
+storm pitched the small vessel hither and thither, so that they were
+very much relieved when they sailed up to the mouth of the Tamsui river.
+
+It was low tide and a bare sand-bar stretched across the mouth of the
+harbor, so the anchor was dropped, and they waited until the tide should
+cover the bar, and allow them to sail in.
+
+This wait gave the travelers a fine opportunity to see the country. The
+view from this harbor of the "Beautiful Island" was an enchanting
+one. Before them, toward the east, rose tier upon tier of magnificent
+mountains, stretching north and south. Down their sloping sides tumbled
+sparkling cascades and here and there patches of bright green showed
+where there were tea plantations. Farther down were stretches of grass
+and groves of lovely feathery bamboo. And between these groves stretched
+what seemed to be little silvery lakes, with the reflection of the great
+mountains in them. They were really the famous rice-fields of Formosa,
+at this time of the year all under water. There were no fences round
+their little lake-fields. They were of all shapes and sizes, and were
+divided from each other by little green fringed dykes or walls. Each
+row of fields was lower than the last until they came right down to the
+sea-level, and all lay blue and smiling in the blazing sunlight.
+
+As the young missionary stood spellbound, gazing over the lovely,
+fairylike scene, Mr. Ritchie touched his arm.
+
+"This is your parish, Mackay," he whispered smilingly.
+
+And then for the first time since he had started on his long, long
+journey, the young missionary felt his spirit at peace. The restlessness
+that had driven him on from one Chinese port to another was gone. This
+was indeed his parish.
+
+Suddenly out swung a signal; the tide had risen. Up came the anchor, and
+away they glided over the now submerged sand-bar into the harbor.
+
+A nearer view showed greater charms in the Beautiful Isle. On the south,
+at their right, lay the great Quan Yin mountain, towering seventeen
+hundred feet above them, clothed in tall grass and groves of bamboo,
+banyan, and fir trees of every conceivable shade of green. Nestling at
+its feet were little villages almost buried in trees. Slowly the ship
+drifted along, passing, here a queer fishing village close to the sandy
+shore, yonder a light-house, there a battered Chinese fort rising from
+the top of a hill.
+
+And now Tamsui came in sight--the new home of the young missionary. It
+seemed to him that it was the prettiest and the dirtiest place he had
+ever seen. The town lay along the bank of the river at the foot of a
+hill. This bluff rose abruptly behind it to a height of two hundred
+feet. On its face stood a queer-looking building. It was red in color,
+solid and weather worn, and above it floated the grand old flag of
+Britain.
+
+"That's an old Dutch fort," explained Mr. Ritchie, "left there since
+they were in the island. It is the British consulate now. There, next to
+it, is the consul's residence."
+
+It was a handsome house, just below the fort, and surrounded by lovely
+gardens. But down beneath it, on the shore, was the most interesting
+place to the newcomer, the town of Tamsui proper, or Ho Be, as the
+Chinese called it. The foreigners landed and made their way up the
+street. To the two from south Formosa, Tamsui was like every other small
+Chinese town, but Mackay had not yet become accustomed to the strange
+sights and sounds and stranger smells, and his bright eyes were keen
+with interest.
+
+The main thoroughfare wound this way and that, only seven or eight feet
+wide at its best. It was filled with noisy crowds of men who acted as if
+they were on the verge of a terrible fight. But the older missionaries
+knew that they were merely acting as Chinese crowds always do. On each
+side were shops,--tea shops, rice shops, tobacco shops, and many other
+kinds. And most numerous of all were the shops where opium, one of the
+greatest curses of Chinese life, was sold. The front wall of each was
+removed, and the customers stood in the street and dickered with the
+shopkeeper, while at the top of his harsh voice the latter swore by
+all the gods in China that he was giving the article away at a terrific
+loss. Through the crowd pushed hawkers, carrying their wares balanced
+on poles across their shoulders. Boys with trays of Chinese candies and
+sugar-cane yelled their wares above the din. The visitors stumbled
+along over the rough stones of the pavement until they came to the
+market-place. Foreigners were not such a curiosity in Tamsui as in the
+inland towns, and not a great deal of notice was taken of them, but
+occasionally Mackay could hear the now familiar words of contempt
+--"Ugly barbarian"--"Foreign devil" from the men that passed them. And
+one man, pointing to Mackay, shouted "Ho! the black-bearded barbarian!"
+It was a name the young missionary was destined to hear very frequently.
+Past opium-dens, barber shops, and drug stores they went and through the
+noise and bustle and din of the market-place. They knew that the inns,
+judging by the outside, would be filthy, so Mr. Ritchie suggested, as
+evening was approaching, that they find some comfortable place to spend
+the night.
+
+There was a British merchant in Tamsui named Mr. Dodd, whom the
+missionaries knew. So to him they went, and were given fine quarters in
+his warehouse. They ate their supper here, from the provisions they had
+bought in the market, and stretching themselves out on their grass mats
+they slept soundly. The next day was Sunday, but the three travelers
+spent it quietly in the warehouse by the river, studying their Bibles
+and discussing their proposed trip. They concluded it was best not to
+provoke the anger of the people against the new missionary by preaching,
+so they did not go out. To-morrow they would start southward and take
+Mackay to the bounds of their mission field, and show him the land that
+was to be "his parish."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III. RECONNOITERING THE TERRITORY
+
+Early Monday morning Mackay peeped out of the big warehouse door at the
+great calm mountain shrouded in the pale mists of early dawn. The other
+two travelers were soon astir, and were surprised to find their young
+companion all ready. They were not yet well enough acquainted with him
+to know that he could do with less sleep at night than an owl. He was in
+high spirits and as eager to be off as he had ever been to start for a
+day's fishing in the old times back in Ontario. And indeed this was just
+a great fishing expedition he was commencing. For had not One said to
+him, long long ago when he was but a little boy, "Come follow me, and I
+will make you to become a fisher of men"? and he had obeyed. The first
+task was to go out and buy food for the journey, and to hire a couple of
+coolies to carry it and what baggage they must take.
+
+Dr. Dickson went off on this errand, and being well acquainted with
+Formosan customs and language, soon returned with two Chinese carriers
+and plenty of food. This last consisted of canned meats, biscuits,
+coffee, and condensed milk, bought at a store where ships' supplies were
+kept for sale. There was also some salted water-buffalo meat, a Chinese
+dish with which the young missionary was destined to become very
+familiar.
+
+They started out three abreast, Mr. Ritchie's blue serge figure capped
+by a white helmet on the right, Dr. Dickson on the left in his Scotch
+tweed, and between them the alert, slim figure of the newcomer, in his
+suit of Canadian gray. The coolies, with baskets hung to a pole across
+their shoulders, came ambling along behind.
+
+The three travelers were in the gayest mood. Perhaps it was the clear
+spring morning air, or the breath of the salt ocean, perhaps it was the
+intoxicating beauty of mountain and plain and river that surrounded
+them or it may have been because they had given their lives in perfect
+service to the One who is the source of all happiness, but whatever was
+the cause, they were all like schoolboys off for a holiday. The coolies
+who trotted in the rear were very much amazed and not a little amused at
+the actions of these foolish foreign devils, who laughed and joked and
+seemed in such high spirits for no reason at all.
+
+They swung along the bank of the river until they came to the ferry that
+was to take them to the other side. They sprang into the boat and
+were shoved off. Before they reached the other side, at Dr. Dickson's
+suggestion, they took off their shoes and socks, and stowed them away in
+the carriers' baskets. When they came to the opposite bank they rolled
+up their trousers to their knees and sprang out into the shallow water.
+For a short distance they had the joy of tramping barefoot along the
+hard gleaming sand of the harbor.
+
+But shoes and stockings had to be resumed, for soon they turned inland,
+on a path that wound up to the high plain above the river. "Do you ever
+use a horse on your travels?" asked young Mackay as they climbed upward.
+
+Mr. Ritchie laughed. "You couldn't get one in north Formosa for love or
+money. And if you could, he wouldn't be any use."
+
+"Unless he was a second Pegasus, and could soar above the Formosan
+roads," added Dr. Dickson. "Wait a bit and you'll understand."
+
+The young missionary waited, and kept his eyes open for the answer.
+The pathway crossed a grassy plain where groups of queer-looking,
+mouse-colored animals, half ox, half buffalo, with great spreading
+horns, strayed about, herded by boys, or lay wallowing in deep pools.
+
+"Water-buffaloes," he said, remembering them as he had seen them in the
+south.
+
+"The most useful animal on the island," remarked Mr. Ritchie, adding
+with a laugh, "except perhaps the pig. You'll have a taste of Mr.
+Buffalo for your dinner, Mackay."
+
+And now they were up on the heights, and the lovely country lay spread
+out before them. Mackay mentally compared this walk to many he had taken
+along the country roads of his native land. It was early in March, but
+as there had been no winter, so there was no spring. It was summer,
+warm, radiant summer, like a lovely day in June at home. Dandelions,
+violets, and many gay flowers that he did not recognize spangled the
+grassy plain. The skylark high overhead was pouring out its glorious
+song, just as he had heard it in his student days in Scotland. Here and
+there were clumps of fir trees that reminded him of Canada, but on the
+whole the scene was new and wonderful to his Western eyes.
+
+They were now on the first level of the rice-fields. The farms were
+tiny things, none larger than eight or ten acres. They were divided into
+queer-shaped little irrigated fields, separated not by fences, but by
+little low walls of mud. Every farm was under water now, and here and
+there, wading through his little flooded fields, went the farmer with
+his plough, drawn by a useful water-buffalo,--the latter apparently quite
+happy at being allowed to splash about in the mud.
+
+These rice-farms soon became a familiar sight to the newcomer. He liked
+to see them at all times--when each field was a pretty blue or green
+lake, later when the water was choked with the fresh green growth, or in
+harvest days, when the farmers stripped the fields of their grain.
+Just now they were at their prettiest. Row above row, they went up the
+mountainside, like a great glass stairs, each row reflecting the green
+hills and the bamboo groves above. And from each terrace to the one
+below, the water tumbled in pretty little cascades that sparkled in the
+sunlight and filled the air with music. For travelers there were only
+narrow paths between farms, and often only the ridge of the dykes
+between field and field. As they made their way between the tiny fields,
+walking along the narrow dykes, and listening to the splashing sound of
+the water, Mackay understood what Dr. Dickson meant, when he remarked
+that only a flying horse could be of use on such Formosan cross-country
+journeys.
+
+Soon the pathway changed once more to the broader public highway. Here
+there was much traffic, and many travelers carried in sedan-chairs
+passed them. And many times by the roadside Mackay saw something that
+reminded him forcibly of why he had come to Formosa--a heathen shrine.
+The whole countryside seemed dotted with them. And as he watched the
+worshipers coming and going, and heard the disdainful words from the
+priests cast at the hated foreigners, he realized that he was face to
+face with an awful opposing force. It was the great stone of heathenism
+he had come to break, and the question was, would he be as successful as
+he had been long ago in the Canadian pasture-field?
+
+The travelers ate their dinner by the roadside under the shade of some
+fir trees that made Mackay feel at home. They were soon up and off
+again, and, tired with their long tramp, they arrived at a town called
+Tionglek, and decided to spend the night there. The place was about the
+size of Tamsui, with between four and five thousand inhabitants, and
+was quite as dirty and almost as noisy. They walked down the main street
+with its uneven stone pavement, its open shops, its noisy bargains, and
+above all its horrible smells. With the exception of an occasional visit
+from an official, foreigners scarcely ever came to Tiong-lek, and on
+every side were revilings and threatenings. One yellow-faced youngster
+picked up a handful of mud and threw it at the hated foreigners; and
+"Black-bearded barbarian," mingled with their shouts. Mackay's bright
+eyes took in everything, and he realized more and more the difficulties
+of the task before him.
+
+They stopped in front of a low one-story building made of sun-dried
+bricks. This was the Tiong-lek hotel where they were to spend the
+night. Like most Chinese houses it was composed of a number of buildings
+arranged in the form of a square with a courtyard in the center. Dr.
+Dickson asked for lodgings from the slant-eyed proprietor. He looked
+askance at the foreigners, but concluded that their money was as good
+as any one else's, and he led them through the deep doorway into the
+courtyard.
+
+In the center of this yard stood an earthen range, with a fire in it.
+Several travelers stood about it cooking their rice. It was evidently
+the hotel dining-room; a diningroom that was open to all too, for
+chickens clucked and cackled and pigs grunted about the range and made
+themselves quite at home. The men about the gateway scowled and muttered
+"Foreign devil," as the three strangers passed them.
+
+They crossed the courtyard and entered their room, or rather stumbled
+into it, in semi-darkness. Mackay peered about him curiously. He
+discovered three beds, made of planks and set on brick pillars for legs.
+Each was covered with a dirty mat woven from grass and reeking with the
+odor of opium smoke.
+
+A servant came in with something evidently intended for a lamp--a
+burning pith wick set in a saucer of peanut oil. It gave out only a
+faint glimmer of light, but enough to enable the young missionary to see
+something else in the room,--some THINGS rather, that ran and skipped
+and swarmed all over the damp earthen floor and the dirty walls. There
+were thousands of these brisk little creatures, all leaping about
+in pleasant anticipation of the good time they would have when the
+barbarians went to bed. There was no window, and only the one door that
+opened into the courtyard. An old pig, evidently more friendly to the
+foreigners than her masters, came waddling toward them followed by her
+squealing little brood, and flopping down into the mud in the doorway
+lay there uttering grunts of content.
+
+The evil smells of the room, the stench from the pigs, and the still
+more dreadful odors wafted from the queer food cooking on the range,
+made the young traveler's unaccustomed senses revolt. He had a half
+notion that the two older men were putting up a joke on him.
+
+"I suppose you thought it wise to give me a strong dose of all this at
+the start?" he inquired humorously, holding his nose and glancing from
+the pigs at the door to the crawlers on the wall.
+
+"A strong dose!" laughed Mr. Ritchie. "Not a bit of it, young man. Wait
+till you've had some experience of the luxuries of Formosan inns. You'll
+be calling this the Queen's Hotel, before you've been here long!"
+
+And so indeed it proved later, for George Mackay had yet much to learn
+of the true character of Chinese inns. Needless to say he spent a
+wakeful night, on his hard plank bed, and was up early in the morning.
+The travelers ate their breakfast in a room where the ducks and hens
+clattered about under the table and between their legs. Fortunately the
+food was taken from their own stores, and in spite of the surroundings
+was quite appetizing.
+
+They started off early, drawing in great breaths of the pure morning
+air, relieved to be away from the odors of the "Queen's Hotel." Three
+hundred feet above them, high against the deep blue of the morning sky,
+stood Table Hill, and they started on a brisk climb up its side. The
+sun had not risen, but already the farmers were out in their little
+water-fields, or working in their tea plantations. The mountain with its
+groves of bamboo lay reflected in the little mirrors of the rice-fields.
+A steady climb brought them to the summit, and after a long descent on
+the other side and a tramp through tea plantations they arrived in
+the evening at a large city with a high wall around it, the city of
+Tek-chham. That night in the city inn was so much worse than the one at
+Tionglek that the Canadian was convinced his friends must have reserved
+the "strong dose" for the second night. There were the same smells, the
+same sorts of pigs and ducks and hens, the same breeds of lively nightly
+companions, and each seemed to have gained a fresh force.
+
+It was a relief to be out in the fields again after the foul odors of
+the night, and the travelers were off before dawn. The country looked
+more familiar to Mackay this morning, for they passed through wheat and
+barley fields. It seemed so strange to wander over a man's farm by
+a footpath, but it was a Chinese custom to which he soon became
+accustomed.
+
+The sun was blazing hot, and it was a great relief when they entered
+the cool shade of a forest. It was a delightful place and George Mackay
+reveled in its beauty. Ever since he had been able to run about his
+own home farm in Ontario his eyes had always been wide open to observe
+anything new. He had studied as much out of doors, all his life, as he
+had done in college, and now he found this forest a perfect library of
+new Things. Nearly every tree and flower was strange to his Canadian
+eyes. Here and there, in sheltered valleys, grew the tree-fern, the most
+beautiful object in the forest, towering away up sometimes to a height
+of sixty feet, and spreading its stately fronds out to a width of
+fifteen feet. There was a lovely big plant with purple stem and purple
+leaves, and when Dr. Dickson told him it was the castor-oil plant, he
+smiled at the remembrance of the trials that plant had caused him in
+younger days. One elegant tree, straight as a pine, rose fifty feet in
+height, with leaves away up at the top only.
+
+This was the betel-nut tree.
+
+"The nuts of that tree," said Mr. Ritchie, standing and pointing away
+up to where the sunlight filtered through the far-off leaves, "are the
+chewing tobacco of Formosa and all the islands about here. The Chinese
+do not chew it, but the Malayans do. You will meet some of these natives
+soon."
+
+On every side grew the rattan, half tree, half vine. It started off as
+a tree and grew straight up often to twenty feet in height, and then
+spread itself out over the tops of other trees and plants in vine-like
+fashion; some of its branches measured almost five hundred feet in
+length.
+
+The travelers paused to admire one high in the branches of the trees.
+
+"Many a Chinaman loses his head hunting that plant," remarked Mr.
+Ritchie. "These islanders export a great deal of rattan, and the
+head-hunters up there in the mountains watch for the Chinese when they
+are working in the forest."
+
+Mackay listened eagerly to his friends' tales of the head-hunting
+savages, living in the mountains. They were always on the lookout for
+the farmers near their forest lairs. They watched for any unwary man who
+went too near the woods, pounced upon him, and went off in triumph with
+his head in a bag.
+
+The young traveler's eyes brightened, "I'll visit them some day!" he
+cried, looking off toward the mountainside. Mr. Ritchie glanced quickly
+at the flashing eyes and the quick, alert figure of the young man as
+he strode along, and some hint came to him of the dauntless young heart
+which beat beneath that coat of Canadian gray.
+
+Two days more over hill and dale, through rice and tea and
+tobacco-fields, and then, in the middle of a hot afternoon, Mr. Ritchie
+began to shiver and shake as though half frozen. Dr. Dickson understood,
+and at the next stopping-place he ordered a sedan-chair and four coolies
+to carry it. It was the old dreaded disease that hangs like a black
+cloud over lovely Formosa, the malarial fever. Mr. Ritchie had been a
+missionary only four years in the island, but already the scourge had
+come upon him, and his system was weakened. For, once seized by malaria
+in Formosa, one seldom makes his escape. They put the sick man into the
+chair, now in a raging fever, and he was carried by the four coolies.
+
+They were nearing the end of their journey and were now among a people
+not Chinese. They belonged to the original Malayan race of the island.
+They had been conquered by the Chinese, who in the early days came over
+from China under a pirate named Koxinga. As the Chinese name every one
+but themselves "barbarians," they gave this name to all the natives of
+the island. They had conquered all but the dreaded head-hunters, who,
+free in their mountain fastnesses, took a terrible toll of heads
+from their would-be conquerors, or even from their own half-civilized
+brethren.
+
+The native Malayans who had been subdued by the Chinese were given
+different names. Those who lived on the great level rice-plain
+over which the missionaries were traveling, were called Pe-po-hoan,
+"Barbarians of the plain." Mackay could see little difference between
+them and the Chinese, except in the cast of their features, and their
+long-shaped heads. They wore Chinese dress, even to the cue, worshiped
+the Chinese gods, and spoke with a peculiar Malayan twang.
+
+The travelers were journeying rather wearily over a low muddy stretch
+of ground, picking their way along the narrow paths between the
+rice-fields, when they saw a group of men come hurrying down the path to
+meet them. They kept calling out, but the words they used were not the
+familiar "foreign devil" or "ugly barbarian." Instead the people were
+shouting words of joyful welcome.
+
+Dr. Dickson hailed them with delight, and soon he and Mr. Ritchie's
+sedan-chair were surrounded by a clamorous group of friends.
+
+They had journeyed so far south that they had arrived at the borders
+of the English Presbyterian mission, and the people crowding about them
+were native Christians. It was all so different from their treatment
+by the heathen that Mackay's heart was warmed. When the great stone of
+heathenism was broken, what love and kindness were revealed!
+
+The visitors were led in triumph to the village. There was a chapel
+here, and they stayed nearly a week, preaching and teaching.
+
+The rest did Mr. Ritchie much good, and at the end of their visit he
+was once more able to start off on foot. They moved on from village to
+village and everywhere the Pe-po-hoan Christians received them with the
+greatest hospitality.
+
+But at last the three friends found the time had come for them to part.
+The two Englishmen had to go on through their fields to their south
+Formosan home and the young Canadian must go back to fight the battle
+alone in the north of the island. He had endeared himself to the two
+older men, and when the farewells came they were filled with regret.
+
+They bade him a lingering good-by, with many blessings upon his young
+head, and many prayers for success in the hard fight upon which he
+was entering. They walked a short way with him, and stood watching
+the straight, lithe young figure, SO full of courage and hope until it
+disappeared down the valley. They knew only too well the dangers and
+trials ahead of him, but they knew also that he was not going into the
+fight alone. For the Captain was going with his young soldier.
+
+There was a suspicion of moisture in the eyes of the older missionaries
+as they turned back to prepare for their own journey southward.
+
+"God bless the boy!" said Dr. Dickson fervently. "We'll hear of that
+young fellow yet, Ritchie. He's on fire."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV. BEGINNING THE SIEGE
+
+The news was soon noised about Tamsui that one of the three barbarians
+who had so lately visited the town had returned to make the place his
+home. This was most unwelcome tidings to the heathen, and the air was
+filled with mutterings and threatenings, and every one was determined to
+drive the foreign devil out if at all possible. So Mackay found
+himself meeting every kind of opposition. He was too independent to ask
+assistance from the British consul in the old Dutch fort on the bluff,
+or of any other European settlers in Tamsui. He was bound to make
+his own way. But it was not easy to do so in view of the forces which
+opposed him. He had now been in Formosa about two months and had studied
+the Chinese language every waking hour, but it was very difficult, and
+he found his usually ready tongue wofully handicapped.
+
+His first concern was to get a dwelling-place, and he went from house to
+house inquiring for some place to rent. Everywhere he went he was turned
+away with rough abuse, and occasionally the dogs were set upon him.
+
+But at last he was successful. Up on the bank of the river, a little way
+from the edge of the town, he found a place which the owner condescended
+to rent. It was a miserable little hut, half house, half cellar,
+built into the side of the hill facing the river. A military officer had
+intended it for his horse-stable, and yet Mackay paid for this hovel the
+sum of fifteen dollars a month. It had three rooms, one without a floor.
+The road ran past the door, and a few feet beyond was the river. By
+spending money rather liberally he managed to hire the coolie who had
+accompanied him to south Formosa. With his servant's help Mackay had his
+new establishment thoroughly cleaned and whitewashed, and then he moved
+in his furniture. He laughed as he called it furniture, for it consisted
+of but two packing boxes full of books and clothing. But more came
+later. The British consul, Mr. Frater, lent him a chair and a bed. There
+was one old Chinese, who kept a shop near by, and who seemed inclined to
+be friendly to the queer barbarian with the black beard. He presented
+him with an old pewter lamp, and the house was furnished complete.
+
+Mackay sat down at his one table, the first night after he was settled.
+The damp air was hot and heavy, and swarms of tormenting mosquitoes
+filled the room. Through the open door came the murmur of the river, and
+from far down in the village the sounds of harsh, clamorous voices. He
+was alone, many, many miles from home and friends. Around him on every
+side were bitter enemies.
+
+One might have supposed he would be overcome at the thought of the
+stupendous task before him, but whoever supposed that did not know
+George Mackay. He lighted his pewter lamp, opened his diary, and these
+are the words he wrote:
+
+"Here I am in this house, having been led all the way from the old
+homestead in Zorra by Jesus, as direct as though my boxes were labeled,
+`Tamsui, Formosa, China.' Oh, the glorious privilege to lay the
+foundation of Christ's Church in unbroken heathenism! God help me to
+do this with the open Bible! Again I swear allegiance to thee, O King
+Jesus, my Captain. So help me God!"
+
+And now his first duty was to learn the Chinese language. He could
+already speak a little, but it would be a long time, he knew, before he
+could preach. And yet, how was he to learn? he asked himself. He was
+a scholar without a teacher or school. But there was his servant, and
+nothing daunted by the difficulties to be overcome, he set to work to
+make him his teacher also.
+
+George Mackay always went at any task with all his might and main, and
+he attacked the Chinese language in the same manner. He found it a hard
+stone to break, however. "Of all earthly things I know of," he remarked
+once, "it is the most intricate and difficult to master."
+
+His unwilling teacher was just about as hard to manage as his task, for
+the coolie did not take kindly to giving lessons. He certainly had a
+rather hard time. Day and night his master deluged him with questions.
+He made him repeat phrases again and again until his pupil could say
+them correctly. He asked him the name of everything inside the house and
+out, until the easy-going Oriental was overcome with dismay. This wild
+barbarian, with the fiery eyes and the black beard, was a terrible
+creature who gave one no rest night nor day. Sometimes after Mackay had
+spent hours with him, imitating sounds and repeating the names of
+things over and over, his harassed teacher would back out of the room
+stealthily, keeping an anxious eye on his master, and showing plainly he
+had grave fears that the foreigner had gone quite mad.
+
+Mackay realized that the pace was too hard for his servant, and that the
+poor fellow was in a fair way to lose what little wits he had, if not
+left alone occasionally. So one day he wandered out along the riverbank,
+in search of some one who would talk with him. He turned into a path
+that led up the hill behind the town. He was in hopes he might meet a
+farmer who would be friendly.
+
+When he reached the top of the bluff he found a grassy common stretching
+back toward the rice-fields. Here and there over these downs strayed the
+queer-looking water-buffaloes. Some of them were plunged deep in pools
+of water, and lay there like pigs with only their noses out.
+
+He heard a merry laugh and shout from another part of the common, and
+there sat a crowd of frolicsome Chinese boys, in large sun hats, and
+short loose trousers. There were about a dozen of them, and they were
+supposed to be herding the water-buffaloes to keep them out of the
+unfenced fields. But, boylike, they were flying kites, and letting their
+huge-horned charges herd themselves.
+
+Mackay walked over toward them. It was not so long since he had been a
+boy himself, and these jolly lads appealed to him. But the moment one
+caught sight of the stranger, he gave a shout of alarm. The rest jumped
+up, and with yells of terror and cries of "Here's the foreign devil!"
+"Run, or the foreign devil will get you!" away they went helter-skelter,
+their big hats waving, their loose clothes flapping wildly. They all
+disappeared like magic behind a big boulder, and the cause of their
+terror had to walk away.
+
+But the next day, when his servant once more showed signs of mental
+exhaustion, he strolled out again upon the downs. The boys were there
+and saw him coming. Though they did not actually run away this time,
+they retired to a safe distance, and stood ready to fly at any sign of
+the barbarian's approach. They watched him wonderingly. They noticed his
+strange white face, his black beard, his hair cut off quite short, his
+amazing hat, and his ridiculous clothes. And when at last he walked
+away, and all danger was over, they burst into shouts of laughter.
+
+The next day, as they scampered about the common, here again came
+the absurd-looking stranger, walking slowly, as though careful not to
+frighten them. The boys did not run away this time, and to their utter
+astonishment he spoke to them. Mackay had practised carefully the words
+he was to say to them, and the well-spoken Chinese astounded the lads
+as much as if one of the monkeys that gamboled about the trees of their
+forests should come down and say, "How do you do, boys?"
+
+"Why, he speaks our words!" they all cried at once.
+
+As they stood staring, Mackay took out his watch and held it up for them
+to see. It glittered in the sun, and at the sight of it and the kind
+smiling face above, they lost their fears and crowded around him. They
+examined the watch in great wonder. They handled his clothes, exclaimed
+over the buttons on his coat, and inquired what they were for. They felt
+his hands and his fingers, and finally decided that, in spite of his
+queer looks, he was after all a man.
+
+From that day the young missionary and the herd-boys were great friends.
+Every day he joined them in the buffalo pasture, and would spend from
+four to five hours with them. And as they were very willing to talk,
+he not only learned their language rapidly, but also learned much about
+their homes, their schools, their customs, and their religion.
+
+One day, after a lengthy lesson from his servant, the latter decided
+that the barbarian was unbearable, and bundling up his clothes he
+marched off, without so much as "by your leave." So Mackay fell back
+entirely upon his little teachers on the common. With their assistance
+in the daytime and his Chinese-English dictionary at night, he made
+wonderful progress.
+
+He was left alone now, to get his own meals and keep the swarms of flies
+and the damp mold out of his hut by the riverside. He soon learned to
+eat rice and water-buffalo meat, but he missed the milk and butter and
+cheese of his old Canadian home. For he discovered that cows were never
+milked in Formosa. There was variety of food, however, as almost every
+kind of vegetable that he had ever tasted and many new kinds that he
+found delicious were for sale in the open-fronted shops in the village.
+Then the fruits! They were fresh at all seasons--oranges the whole year,
+bananas fresh from the fields--and such pineapples! He realized that he
+had never really tasted pineapples before.
+
+Meanwhile, he was becoming acquainted. All the families of the herd-boys
+learned to like him, and when others came to know him they treated him
+with respect. He was a teacher, they learned, and in China a teacher is
+always looked upon with something like reverence. And, besides, he had
+a beard. This appendage was considered very honorable among Chinese, so
+the black-bearded barbarian was respected because of this.
+
+But there was one class that treated him with the greatest scorn. These
+were the Chinese scholars. They were the literati, and were like princes
+in the land. They despised every one who was not a graduate of their
+schools, and most of all they despised this barbarian who dared to set
+himself up as a teacher. Mackay had now learned Chinese well enough
+to preach, and his sermons aroused the indignation of these proud
+graduates.
+
+Sometimes when one was passing the little hut by the river, he would
+drop in, and glance around just to see what sort of place the barbarian
+kept. He would pick up the Bible and other books, throw them on the
+floor, and with words of contempt strut proudly out.
+
+Mackay endured this treatment patiently, but he set himself to study
+their books, for he felt sure that the day was not far distant when he
+must meet these conceited literati in argument.
+
+He went about a good deal now. The Tamsui people became accustomed to
+him, and he was not troubled much. His bright eyes were always wide open
+and he learned much of the lives of the people he had come to teach.
+Among the poor he found a poverty of which he had never dreamed. They
+could live upon what a so-called poor family in Canada would throw away.
+Nothing was wasted in China. He often saw the meat and fruit tins he
+threw away when they were emptied, reappearing in the market-place. He
+learned that these poorer people suffered cruel wrongs at the hands
+of their magistrates. He visited a yamen, or court-house, and saw the
+mandarin "dispense justice," but his judgment was said to be always given
+in favor of the one who paid him the highest bribe. He saw the widow
+robbed, and the innocent suffering frightful tortures, and sometimes
+he strode home to his little hut by the river, his blood tingling with
+righteous indignation. And then he would pray with all his soul:
+
+"O God, give me power to teach these people of thy love through Jesus
+Christ!"
+
+But of all the horrors of heathenism, and there were many, he found the
+religion the most dreadful. He had read about it when on board ship, but
+he found it was infinitely worse when written in men's lives than when
+set down in print. He never realized what a blessing was the religion of
+Jesus Christ to a nation until he lived among a people who did not know
+Him.
+
+He found almost as much difficulty in learning the Chinese religion as
+the Chinese language. After he had spent days trying to understand it,
+it would seem to him like some horrible nightmare filled with wicked
+devils and no less wicked gods and evil spirits and ugly idols. And to
+make matters worse there was not one religion, but a bewildering mixture
+of three. First of all there was the ancient Chinese religion, called
+Confucianism. Confucius, a wise man of China, who lived ages before, had
+laid down some rules of conduct, and had been worshiped ever since.
+Very good rules they were as far as they went, and if the Chinese had
+followed this wise man they would not have drifted so far from the
+truth. But Confucianism meant ancestor-worship. In every home was a
+little tablet with the names of the family's ancestors upon it, and
+every one in the house worshiped the spirits of those departed. With
+this was another religion called Taoism. This taught belief in wicked
+demons who lurked about people ready to do them some ill. Then,
+years and years before, some people from India had brought over their
+religion, Buddhism, which had become a system of idol-worship. These
+three religions were so mixed up that the people themselves were not
+able to distinguish between them. The names of their idols would cover
+pages, and an account of their religion would fill volumes. The more
+Mackay learned of it, the more he yearned to tell the people of the one
+God who was Lord and Father of them all.
+
+As soon as he had learned to write clearly, he bought a large sheet of
+paper, and printed on it the ten commandments in Chinese characters.
+Then he hung it on the outside of his door. People who passed read it
+and made comments of various kinds. Several threw mud at it, and at
+last a proud graduate, who came striding past his silk robes rustling
+grandly, caught the paper and tore it down. Mackay promptly put up
+another. It shared the fate of the first. Then he put up a third, and
+the people let it alone. Even these heathen Chinese were beginning to
+get an impression of the dauntless determination of the man with whom
+they were to get much better acquainted.
+
+And all this time, while he was studying and working and arguing with
+the heathen and preaching to them, the young missionary was working just
+as hard at something else; something into which he was putting as much
+energy and force as he did into learning the Chinese language. With
+all his might and main, day and night, he was praying--praying for one
+special object. He had been praying for this long before he saw Formosa.
+He was pleading with God to give him, as his first convert, a young
+man of education. And so he was always on the lookout for such, as he
+preached and taught, and never once did he cease praying that he might
+find him.
+
+One forenoon he was sitting at his books, near the open door, when a
+visitor stopped before him. It was a fine-looking young man, well
+dressed and with all the unmistakable signs of the scholar. He had none
+of the graduate's proud insolence, however, for when Mackay arose, he
+spoke in the most gentlemanly manner. At the missionary's invitation
+he entered, and sat down, and the two chatted pleasantly. The visitor
+seemed interested in the foreigner, and asked him many questions that
+showed a bright, intelligent mind. When he arose to go, Mackay invited
+him to come again, and he promised he would. He left his card, a strip
+of pink paper about three inches by six; the name on it read Giam
+Cheng Hoa. Mackay was very much interested in him, he was so bright,
+so affable, and such pleasant company. He waited anxiously to see if he
+would return.
+
+At the appointed hour the visitor was at the door, and the missionary
+welcomed him warmly. The second visit was even more pleasant than the
+first. And Mackay told his guest why he had come to Formosa, and of
+Jesus Christ who was both God and man and who had come to the earth to
+save mankind.
+
+The young man's bright eyes were fixed steadily upon the missionary as
+he talked, and when he went away his face was very thoughtful. Mackay
+sat thinking about him long after he had left.
+
+He had met many graduates, but none had impressed him as had this youth,
+with his frank face and his kind, genial manner. There was something
+too about the young fellow, he felt, that marked him as superior to his
+companions. And then a sudden divine inspiration flashed into the lonely
+young missionary's heart. THIS WAS HIS MAN! This was the man for whom he
+had been praying. The stranger had as yet shown no sign of conversion,
+but Mackay could not get away from that inspired thought. And that night
+he could not sleep for joy.
+
+In a day or two the young man returned. With him was a noted graduate,
+who asked many questions about the new religion. The next day he came
+again with six graduates, who argued and discussed.
+
+When they were gone Mackay paced up and down the room and faced the
+serious situation which he realized he was in. He saw plainly that the
+educated men of the town were banded together to beat him in argument.
+And with all his energy and desperate determination he set to work to be
+ready for them.
+
+His first task was to gain a thorough knowledge of the Chinese
+religions. He had already learned much about them, both from books on
+shipboard and since he had come to the island. But now he spent long
+hours of the night, poring over the books of Confucianism, Buddhism,
+and Taoism, by the light of his smoky little pewter lamp. And before
+the next visit of his enemies he knew almost more of their jumble of
+religions than they did themselves.
+
+It was well he was prepared, for his opponents came down upon him in
+full force. Every day a band of college graduates, always headed by Giam
+Cheng Hoa, came up from the town to the missionary's little hut by
+the river, and for hours they would sit arguing and talking. They were
+always the most noted scholars the place could produce, but in spite of
+all their cleverness the barbarian teacher silenced them every time. He
+fairly took the wind out of their sails by showing he knew quite as
+much about Chinese religions as they did. If they quoted Confucius to
+contradict the Bible, he would quote Confucius to contradict them.
+He confounded them by proving that they were not really followers of
+Confucius, for they did not keep his sayings. And with unanswerable
+arguments he went on to show that the religion taught by Jesus Christ
+was the one and only religion to make man good and noble.
+
+Each day the group of visitors grew larger, and at last one morning, as
+Mackay looked out of his door, he saw quite a crowd approaching. They
+were led, as usual, by the friendly young scholar. By his side walked,
+or rather, swaggered a man of whom the missionary had often heard. He
+was a scholar of high degree and was famed all over Formosa for his
+great learning. Behind him came about twenty men, and Mackay could see
+by their dress and appearance that they were all literary graduates.
+They were coming in great force this time, to crush the barbarian
+with their combined knowledge. He met them at the door with his usual
+politeness and hospitality. He was always courteous to these proud
+literati, but he always treated them as equals, and showed none of the
+deference they felt he owed them. The crowd seated itself on improvised
+benches and the argument opened.
+
+This time Mackay led the attack. He carried the war right into the
+enemy's camp. Instead of letting them put questions to him, he asked
+them question after question concerning Confucianism, Buddhism, and
+Taoism. They were questions that sometimes they could not answer, and
+to their chagrin they had to hear "the barbarian" answer for them. There
+were other questions, still more humiliating, which, when they answered,
+only served to show their religion as false and degrading. Their
+spokesman, the great learned man, became at last so entangled that there
+was nothing for him but flight. He arose and stalked angrily away, and
+in a little while they all left. Mackay looked wistfully at young Giam
+as he went out, wondering what effect these words had upon him.
+
+He was not left long in doubt. Not half an hour after a shadow fell
+across the open Bible the missionary was studying. He glanced up. There
+he stood! His bright face was very serious. He looked gravely at the
+other young man, and his eyes shone as he spoke.
+
+"I brought all those graduates and teachers here," he confessed, "to
+silence you or be silenced. And now I am convinced that the doctrines
+you teach are true. I am determined to become a Christian, even though I
+suffer death for it."
+
+Mackay rose from his seat, his face alight with an overwhelming joy. The
+man he had prayed for! He took the young fellow's hand--speechless. And
+together the only missionary of north Formosa and his first convert fell
+upon their knees before the true God and poured out their hearts in joy
+and thanksgiving.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER V. SOLDIERS TWO
+
+And now a new day dawned for the lonely young missionary. He had
+not a convert but a helper and a delightful companion. His new friend
+was of a bright, joyous nature, the sort that everybody loves. Giam was
+his surname, but almost every one called him by his given name, Hoa, and
+those who knew him best called him A Hoa. Mackay used this more familiar
+boyish name, for Giam was the younger by a few years.
+
+To A Hoa his new friend was always Pastor Mackay, or as the Chinese put
+it, Mackay Pastor, Kai Bok-su was the real Chinese of it, and Kai Bok-su
+soon became a name known all over the island of Formosa.
+
+A Hoa needed all his kind new friend's help in the first days after his
+conversion. For family, relatives, and friends turned upon him with the
+bitterest hatred for taking up the barbarian's religion. So, driven from
+his friends, he came to live in the little hut by the river with Mackay.
+While at home these two read, sang, and studied together all the day
+long. It would have been hard for an observer to guess who was teacher
+and who pupil. For at one time A Hoa was receiving Bible instruction
+and the next time Mackay was being drilled in the Chinese of the
+educated classes. Each teacher was as eager to instruct as each pupil
+was eager to learn.
+
+The Bible was, of course, the chief textbook, but they studied other
+things, astronomy, geology, history, and similar subjects. One day
+the Canadian took out a map of the world, and the Chinese gazed with
+amazement at the sight of the many large countries outside China. A
+Hoa had been private secretary to a mandarin, and had traveled much in
+China, and once spent six months in Peking. His idea had been that China
+was everything, that all countries outside it were but insignificant
+barbarian places. His geography lessons were like revelations.
+
+His progress was simply astonishing, as was also Mackay's. The two
+seemed possessed with the spirit of hard work. But a superstitious old
+man who lived near believed they were possessed with a demon. He often
+listened to the two singing, drilling, and repeating words as they
+marched up and down, either in the house or in front of it, and he
+became alarmed. He was a kindly old fellow, and, though a heathen, felt
+well disposed toward the missionary and A Hoa. So one day, very much
+afraid, he slipped over to the little house with two small cups of
+strong tea. He came to the door and proffered them with a polite bow. He
+hoped they might prove soothing to the disturbed nerves of the patients,
+he said. He suggested, also, that a visit to the nearest temple might
+help them.
+
+The two affected ones received his advice politely, but the humor of it
+struck them both, and when their visitor was gone they laughed so hard
+the tea nearly choked them.
+
+The missionary was soon able to speak so fluently that he preached
+almost every day, either in the little house by the river, or on the
+street in some open square. There were other things he did, too. On
+every side he saw great suffering from disease. The chief malady was the
+terrible malaria, and the native doctors with their ridiculous remedies
+only made the poor sufferers worse. Mackay had studied medicine for a
+short time while in college, and now found his knowledge very useful.
+He gave some simple remedies to several victims of malaria which proved
+effective. The news of the cures spread far and wide. The barbarian was
+kind, he had a good heart, the people declared. Many more came to
+him for medicine, and day by day the circle of his friends grew. And
+wherever he went, curing disease, teaching, or preaching, A Hoa went
+with him, and shared with him the taunts of their heathen enemies.
+
+But the gospel was gradually making its way. Not long after A Hoa's
+conversion a second man confessed Christ. He had previously disturbed
+the meetings by throwing stones into the doorway whenever he passed. But
+his sister was cured of malaria by the missionary's medicine, and soon
+both sister and mother became Christians, and finally the stone-thrower
+himself. And so, gradually, the lines of the enemy were falling back,
+and at every sign of retreat the little army of two advanced. A little
+army? No! For was there not the whole host of heaven moving with them?
+And Mackay was learning that his boyish dreams of glory were truly to
+be fulfilled. He had wanted always to be a soldier like his grandfather,
+and fight a great Waterloo, and here he was right in the midst of the
+battle with the victory and the glory sure.
+
+The two missionaries often went on short trips here and there into
+the country around Tamsui, and Mackay determined that when the intense
+summer heat had lessened they would make a long tour to some of
+the large cities. The heat of August was almost overpowering to the
+Canadian. Flies and mosquitoes and insect pests of all kinds made his
+life miserable, too, and prevented his studying as hard as he wished.
+
+One oppressive day he and A Hoa returned from a preaching tour in
+the country to find their home in a state of siege. Right across the
+threshold lay a monster serpent, eight feet in length. A Hoa shouted
+a warning, and seized a long pole, and the two managed to kill it.
+But their troubles were not yet over. The next morning, Mackay stepped
+outside the door and sprang back just in time to escape another, the
+mate of the one killed. This one was even larger than the first, and was
+very fierce. But they finished it with sticks and stones.
+
+When September came the days grew clearer, and the many pests of summer
+were not so numerous. The mosquitoes and flies that had been such
+torments disappeared, and there was some relief from the damp oppressive
+heat. But he had only begun to enjoy the refreshing breaths of cool
+air, and had remarked to A Hoa that the days reminded him of Canadian
+summers, when the weather gave him to understand that every Formosan
+season has its drawbacks. September brought tropical storms and typhoons
+that were terrible, and he saw from his little house on the hillside big
+trees torn up by the root, buildings swept away like chaff, and out in
+the harbor great ships lifted from their anchorage and whirled away to
+destruction. And then he was sometimes thankful that his little hut was
+built into the hillside, solid and secure.
+
+But the fierce storms cleared away the heavy dampness that had made
+the heat of the summer so unbearable, and October and November brought
+delightful days. The weather was still warm of course, but the nights
+were cool and pleasant.
+
+So early one October morning, Mackay and A Hoa started off on a tour to
+the cities.
+
+"We shall go to Kelung first," said the missionary. Kelung was a seaport
+city on the northern coast, straight east across the island from Tamsui.
+A coolie to carry food and clothing was hired, and early in the morning,
+while the stars were still shining, they passed through the sleeping
+town and out on the little paths between the rice-fields. Though it was
+yet scarcely daylight, the farmers were already in their fields. It was
+harvest-time--the second harvest of the year--and the little rice-fields
+were no longer like mirrors, but were filled with high rustling grain
+ready for the sickle. The water had been drained off and the reaper
+and thrasher were going through the fields before dawn. There was no
+machinery like that used at home. The reaper was a short sickle, the
+thrashing-machine a kind of portable tub, and Mackay looked at them with
+some amusement, and described to A Hoa how they took off the great wheat
+crops in western Canada.
+
+The two were in high spirits, ready for any sort of adventure and they
+met some. Toward evening they reached a place called Sek-khau, and went
+to the little brick inn to get a sleeping-place. The landlord came to
+the door and was about to bid A Hoa enter, when the light fell upon
+Mackay's face. With a shout, "Black-bearded barbarian!" he slammed the
+door in their faces. They turned away, but already a crowd had begun
+to gather. "The black-bearded barbarian is here! The foreign devil
+from Tamsui has come!" was the cry. The mob followed the two down
+the streets, shouting curses. Some one threw a broken piece of brick,
+another a stone. Mackay turned and faced them, and for a few moments
+they seemed cowed. But the crowd was increasing, and he deemed it wise
+to move on. So the two marched out of the town followed by stones and
+curses. And, as they went, Mackay reminded A Hoa of what they had been
+reading the night before.
+
+"Yes," said A Hoa brightly. "The Lord was driven out of his own town in
+Galilee."
+
+"Yes, and Paul--you remember how he  was stoned. Our Master
+counts us worthy to suffer for him." But where to go was the question.
+Before they could decide, night came down upon them, and it came in that
+sudden tropical way to which Mackay, all his life accustomed to the long
+mellow twilights of his northern home, could never grow accustomed.
+They each took a torch out of the carrier's bag, lighted it, and marched
+bravely on. The path led along the Kelung river, through tall grass.
+They were not sure where it led to, but thought it wise to follow the
+river; they would surely come to Kelung some time. Mackay was ahead, A
+Hoa right at his heels, and behind them the basketbearer. At a sudden
+turn in the path A Hoa gave a shout of warning, and the next instant,
+a band of robbers leaped from the long reeds and grass, and brandished
+their spears in the travelers' faces. The torchlight shone on their
+fierce evil eyes and their long knives, making a horrible picture. The
+young Canadian Scot did not flinch for a second. He looked the wild
+leader straight in the face.
+
+"We have no money, so you cannot rob us," he said steadily, "and you
+must let us pass at once. I am a teacher and--"
+
+"A TEACHER!" he was interrupted by a dismayed exclamation from several
+of the wild band. "A teacher!" As if with one accord they turned and
+fled into the darkness. For even a highwayman in China respects a man
+of learning. The travelers went on again, with something of relief and
+something of the exultation that youth feels in having faced danger. But
+a second trouble was upon them. One of those terrible storms that still
+raged occasionally had been brewing all evening, and now it opened its
+artillery. Great howling gusts came down from the mountain, carrying
+sheets of driving rain. Their torches went out like matches, and they
+were left to stagger along in the black darkness. What were they to do?
+They could not go back. They could not stay there. They scarcely dared
+go on. For they did not know the way, and any moment a fresh blast of
+wind or a misstep might hurl them into the river. But they decided that
+they must go on, and on they went, stumbling, slipping, sprawling, and
+falling outright. Now there would be an exclamation from Mackay as he
+sank to the knees in the mud of a rice-field, now a groan from A Hoa as
+he fell over a boulder and bruised and scratched himself, and oftenest
+a yell from the poor coolie, as he slipped, baskets and all, into some
+rocky crevice, and was sure he was tumbling into the river; but they
+staggered on, Mackay secure in his faith in God. His Father knew and
+his Father would keep him safely. And behind him came brave young A
+Hoa, buoyed up by his new growing faith, and learning the lesson that
+sometimes the Captain asks his soldier to march into hard encounters,
+but that the soldier must never flinch.
+
+The "everlasting arms" were around them, for by midnight they reached
+Kelung. They were drenched, breathless, and worn out, and they spent the
+night in a damp hovel, glad of any shelter from the wind and rain.
+
+But the next morning, young soldier A Hoa had a fiercer battle to fight
+than any with robbers or storms. As soon as the city was astir, Mackay
+and he went out to find a good place to preach. They passed down the
+main thoroughfare, and everywhere they attracted attention. Cries of
+"Ugly barbarian!" and oftenest "Black-bearded barbarian" were heard
+on all sides. A Hoa was known in Kelung and contempt and ridicule was
+heaped upon him by his old college acquaintances. He was consorting
+with the barbarian! He was a friend of this foreigner! They poured more
+insults upon him than they did upon the barbarian himself. Some took
+the stranger as a joke, and laughed and made funny remarks upon his
+appearance. Here and there an old woman, peeping through the doorway,
+would utter a loud cackling laugh, and pointing a wizened finger at the
+missionary would cry: "Eh, eh, look at him! Tee hee! He's got a wash
+basin on for a hat!" A Hoa was distressed at these remarks, but Mackay
+was highly amused.
+
+"We're drawing a crowd, anyway," he remarked cheerfully, "and that's
+what we want."
+
+Soon they came to an open square in front of a heathen temple. The
+building had several large stone steps leading up to the door. Mackay
+mounted them and stood facing the buzzing crowd, with A Hoa at his side.
+They started a hymn.
+
+All people that on earth do dwell Sing to the Lord with cheerful voice.
+
+The open square in front of them began to fill rapidly. The people
+jostled each other in their endeavors to get a view of the barbarian.
+Every one was curious, but every one was angry and indignant, so
+sometimes the sound of the singing was lost in the shouts of derision.
+
+When the hymn was finished, Mackay had a sudden inspiration. "They
+will surely listen to one of their own people," he said to himself, and
+turned to A Hoa.
+
+"Speak to them," he said. "Tell them about the true God."
+
+That was a hard moment for the young convert. He had been a Christian
+only a few months and had never yet spoken in public for Christ. He
+looked desperately over the sea of mocking faces beneath him. He opened
+his mouth, as though to speak, and hesitated. Just then came a rough
+and bitter taunt from one of his old companions. It was too much. A Hoa
+turned away and hung his head.
+
+The young missionary said nothing. But he did the very wisest thing
+he could have done. He had some time before taught A Hoa a grand old
+Scottish paraphrase, and they had often sung it together:
+
+I'm not ashamed to own my Lord Or to defend his cause, Maintain the
+glory of his cross And honor all his laws.
+
+Mackay's voice, loud and clear, burst into this fine old hymn. A Hoa
+raised his head. He joined in the hymn and sang it to the end. It put
+mettle into him. It was the battle-song that brought back the young
+recruit's courage. Almost before the last note sounded he began to
+speak. His voice rang out bold and unafraid over the crowd of angry
+heathen.
+
+"I am a Christian!" he said distinctly. "I worship the true God. I
+cannot worship idols," with a gesture toward the temple door, "that rats
+can destroy. I am not afraid. I love Jesus. He is my Savior and Friend."
+
+No, A Hoa was not "ashamed" any more. His testing time had come, and he
+had not failed after all. And his brave, true words sent a thrill of joy
+through the more seasoned soldier at his side.
+
+That was not the only difficult situation he met on that journey.
+The two soldiers of the cross had many trials, but the thrill of that
+victory before the Kelung temple never left them.
+
+When they returned to Tamsui they held daily services in their house,
+and A Hoa often spoke to the people who gathered there.
+
+One Sunday they noticed an old woman present, who had come down the
+river in a boat. Women as a rule did not come out to the meetings, but
+this old lady continued to come every Sunday. She showed great interest
+in the missionary's words, and, at the close of one meeting, he spoke to
+her. She told him she was a poor widow, that her name was Thah-so, and
+that she had come down the river from Go-ko-khi to hear him preach.
+Then she added, "I have passed through many trials in this world, and my
+idols never gave me any comfort." Then her eyes shone, "But I like your
+teaching very much," she went on. "I believe the God you tell about will
+give me peace.. I will come again, and bring others."
+
+Next Sunday she was there with several other women. And after that
+she came every Sunday, bringing more each time, until at last a whole
+boat-load would come down to the service.
+
+These people were so interested that they asked the missionary if
+he would not visit them. So one day he and A Hoa boarded one of the
+queer-looking flat-bottomed river-boats and were pulled up the rapids
+to Go ko-khi. Every village in Formosa had its headman, who is virtually
+the ruler of the place. When the boat landed, many of the villagers were
+at the shore to meet their visitors and took them at once to their
+mayor's house, the best building in the village. Tan Paugh, a fine, big,
+powerfully-built man, received them cordially. He frankly declared
+that he was tired and sick of idols and wanted to hear more of this new
+religion. An empty granary was obtained for both church and home, and
+the missionary and his assistant took up their quarters there, and for
+several months they remained, preaching and teaching the Bible either in
+Go-ho-khi, or in the lovely surrounding valleys.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VI. THE GREAT KAI BOK-SU
+
+The missionary was now becoming a familiar figure both in Tamsui and in
+the surrounding country. By many he was loved, by all he was respected,
+but by a large number he was bitterly hated. The scholars continued
+his worst enemies. They could never forgive him for beating them so
+completely in argument, in the days when A Hoa was striving for the
+light, and their hatred increased as they saw other scholars becoming
+Christians under his teaching. There was something about him, however,
+that compelled their respect and even their admiration. Wherever they
+met him--on the street, by their temples, or on the country roads--he
+bore himself in such a way as to make them confess that he was their
+superior both in ability and knowledge.
+
+These Chinese literati had a custom which Mackay found very interesting.
+One proud scholar marching down the street and scarcely noticing the
+obsequious bows of his inferiors, would meet another equally proud
+scholar. Each would salute the other in an exceedingly grand manner, and
+then one would spin off a quotation from the writings of Confucius or
+some other Chinese sage and say, "Now tell me where that is found."
+And scholar number two had to ransack his brains to remember where the
+saying was found, or else confess himself beaten. Mackay thought it
+might be a good habit for the graduates of his own alma mater across the
+wide sea to adopt. He wondered what some of his old college chums would
+think, if, when he got back to Canada, he should buttonhole one on the
+street some day, recite a quotation from Shakespeare or Macaulay, and
+demand from his friend where it could be found. He had a suspicion that
+the old friend would be afraid that the Oriental sun had touched George
+Mackay's brain.
+
+Nevertheless he thought the custom one he could turn to good account,
+and before long he was trying it himself. He had such a wonderful memory
+that he never forgot anything he had once read. So the scholars of
+north Formosa soon discovered, again to their humiliation, that this Kai
+Bok-su of Tamsui could beat them at their own game. They did not care
+how much he might profess to know of writers and lands beyond China.
+Such were only barbarians anyway. But when, right before a crowd,
+he would display a surer knowledge of the Chinese classics than they
+themselves, they began not only to respect but to fear him. It was
+no use trying to humiliate him with a quotation. With his bright eyes
+flashing, he would tell, without a moment's hesitation, where it
+was found and come back at the questioner swiftly with another, most
+probably one long forgotten, and reel it off as though he had studied
+Chinese all his life.
+
+He was a wonderful man certainly, they all agreed, and one whom it was
+not safe to oppose. The common people liked him better every day. He was
+so tactful, so kind, and always so careful not to arouse the
+prejudice of the heathen. He was extremely wise in dealing with their
+superstitions. No matter how absurd or childish They might be, he never
+ridiculed them, but only strove to show the people how much happier they
+might be if they believed in God as their Father and in Jesus Christ
+as their Savior. He never made light of anything sacred to the Chinese
+mind, but always tried to take whatever germ of good he could find
+in their religion, and lead on from it to the greater good found in
+Christianity. He discovered that the ancestral worship made the younger
+people kind and respectful to older folk, and he saw that Chinese
+children reverenced their parents and elders in a way that he felt many
+of his young friends across the sea would do well to copy.
+
+One day when he and A Hoa were out on a preaching tour, the wise Kai
+Bok-su made use of this respect for parents in quieting a mob. He and
+his comrade were standing side by side on the steps of a heathen temple
+as they had done at Kelung. The angry crowd was scowling and muttering,
+ready to throw stones as soon as the preacher uttered a word. Mackay
+knew this, and when they had sung a hymn and the people waited, ready
+for a riot, his voice rang out clear and steady, repeating the fifth
+commandment "Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long
+upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee." A silence fell over
+the muttering crowd, and an old heathen whose cue was white and whose
+aged hands trembled on the top of his staff, nodded his head and said,
+"That is heavenly doctrine." The people were surprised and disarmed. If
+the black-bearded barbarian taught such truths as this, he surely was
+not so very wicked after all. And so they listened attentively as he
+went on to show that they had all one great Father, even God.
+
+He sometimes found it rather a task to treat with respect that which the
+Chinese held sacred. Especially was this so when he discovered to his
+amusement and to some carefully concealed disgust, that in the Chinese
+family the pig was looked upon with affection, and as a young naval
+officer, who visited Mackay remarked, "was treated like a gentleman."
+
+Every Chinese house of any size was made up of three buildings joined
+together so as to make three sides of an enclosure. This space was
+called a court, and a door led from it to another next the street. In
+this outer yard pigs and fowl were always to be found. Whenever the
+missionary dropped in at a home, mother pig and all the little pigs
+often followed him inside the house, quite like members of the family.
+Every one was always glad to see Kai Bok-su, pigs and all, and as soon
+as he appeared the order was given--"Infuse tea." And when the little
+handleless cups of clear brown liquid were passed around and they all
+drank and chatted, Mrs. Pig and her children strolled about as welcome
+as the guest.
+
+The Chinese would allow no one to hurt their pigs, either. One day as
+Mackay sat in his rooms facing the river, battling with some new
+Chinese characters, he heard a great hubbub coming up the street. The
+threatening mobs that used to surround his house had long ago ceased to
+trouble him. He arose in some surprise and went to the door to see what
+was the matter. A very unusual sight for Tamsui met his gaze. Coming
+up the street at a wild run were some half-dozen English sailors, their
+loose blue blouses and trousers flapping madly. They were evidently from
+a ship which Mackay had seen lying in the harbor that morning.
+
+"Give us a gun!" roared the foremost as soon as he saw the missionary.
+
+Mackay did not possess a gun, and would not have given the enraged
+bluejacket one had he owned a dozen. But the Chinese mob, roaring with
+fury, were coming up the street after the men and he swiftly pointed out
+a narrow alley that led down to the river. "Run down there!" he shouted
+to the sailors. "You can get to your boats before they find you."
+
+They were gone in an instant, and the next moment the crowd of
+pursuers were storming about the door demanding whither the enemy had
+disappeared.
+
+"What is all this disturbance about?" demanded Kai Bok-su calmly, glad
+of an opportunity to gain time for the fleeing sailors.
+
+The aggrieved Chinese gathered about him, each telling the story as
+loud as his voice would permit. Those barbarians of the sea had come
+swaggering along the streets waving their big sticks. And they had
+dared--yes actually DARED--to hit the pet pigs belonging to every house
+as they passed. The poor pigs who lay sunning themselves at the door!
+
+This was indeed a serious offense. Mackay could picture the rollicking
+sailor-lads gaily whacking the lazy porkers with their canes as they
+passed, happily unconscious of the trouble they were raising. But there
+was no amusement in Kai Bok-su's grave face. He spoke kindly, and
+soothingly, and promised that if the offenders misbehaved again he would
+complain to the authorities. That made it all right. Heathen though they
+were, they knew Kai Bok-su's promise would not be broken, and away they
+went quite satisfied.
+
+One day he learned, quite by accident, a new and very useful way of
+helping his people. He and A Hoa and several other young men who had
+become Christians, went on a missionary tour to Tek-chham, a large city
+which he had visited once before.
+
+On the day they left the place, Kai Boksu's preaching had drawn such
+crowds that the authorities of the city became afraid of him. And
+when the little party left, a dozen soldiers were sent to follow the
+dangerous barbarian and his students and see that they did not bewitch
+the people on the road.
+
+The soldiers tramped along after the missionary party, and with his
+usual ability to make use of any situation, Mackay stepped back and
+chatted with his spies. He found one poor fellow in agony with the
+toothache. This malady was very common in north Formosa, partly owing
+to the habit of chewing the betel-nut. He examined the aching tooth and
+found it badly decayed. "There is a worm in it," the soldier said,
+for the Formosan doctors had taught the people this was the cause of
+toothache.
+
+Mackay had no forceps, but he knew how to pull a tooth, and he was not
+the sort to be daunted by the lack of tools. He got a piece of hard
+wood, whittled it into shape and with it pried out the tooth. The
+relief from pain was so great that the soldier almost wept for joy and
+overwhelmed the tooth-puller with gratitude. And for the remainder of
+the journey the guards sent to spy on the missionary's doings were his
+warmest friends.
+
+After this, dentistry became a part of this many-sided missionary's
+work. He went to a native blacksmith and had a pair of forceps hammered
+out of iron. It was a rather clumsy instrument, but it proved of great
+value, and later he sent for a complete set of the best instruments made
+in New York.
+
+So with forceps in one hand and the Bible in the other, Mackay found
+himself doubly equipped. Every second person seemed to be suffering from
+toothache, and when the pain was relieved by the missionary, the patient
+was in a state of mind to receive his teaching kindly. The cruel methods
+by which the native doctors extracted teeth often caused more suffering
+than the toothache, and sometimes even resulted in death through
+blood-poisoning.
+
+A Hoa and some of the other young converts learned from their teacher
+how to pull a tooth, and they, too, became experts in the art.
+
+Whenever they visited a town or city after this, they had a program
+which they always followed. First they would place themselves in front
+of an idol temple or in an open square. Here they would sing a hymn
+which always attracted a crowd. Next, any one who wanted a tooth pulled
+was invited to come forward. Many accepted the invitation gladly and
+sometimes a long line of twenty or thirty would be waiting, each his
+turn. The Chinese had considerable nerve, the Canadian discovered, and
+stood the pain bravely. They literally "stood" it, too, for there was
+no dentist's chair and every man stood up for his operation, very much
+pleased and very grateful when it was over. Then there were quinine and
+other simple remedies for malaria handed round, for in a Formosan crowd
+there were often many shaking in the grip of this terrible disease.
+And now, having opened the people's hearts by his kindness, Kai Bok-su
+brought forth his cure for souls. He would mount the steps of the temple
+or stand on a box or stone, and tell the wonderful old story of the man
+Jesus who was also God, and who said to all sick and weary and troubled
+ones, "Come unto me,... and I will give you rest." And often, when he
+had finished, the disease of sin in many a heart was cured by the remedy
+of the gospel.
+
+And so the autumn passed away happily and busily, and Mackay entered his
+first Formosan winter. And such a winter! The young man who had felt the
+clear, bright cold of a Canadian January needed all his fine courage to
+bear up under its dreariness. It started about Christmas time. Just when
+his own people far away in Canada were gathering about the blazing fire
+or jingling over the crisp snow in sleighs and cutters, the great winter
+rains commenced. Christmas day--his first Christmas in a land that did
+not know its beautiful meaning--was one long dreary downpour. It rained
+steadily all Christmas week. It poured on Newyear's day and for a week
+after. It came down in torrents all January. February set in and still
+it rained and rained, with only a short interval each afternoon. Day and
+night, week in, week out, it poured, until Mackay forgot what sunlight
+looked like, his house grew damp, his clothes moldy. A stream broke
+out up in the hill behind and one morning he awoke to find a cascade
+tumbling into his kitchen, and rushing across the floor out into the
+river beyond. And still it poured and the wind blew and everything was
+damp and cold and dreary.
+
+He caught an occasional glimpse of snow, only a very far-off view, for
+it lay away up on the top of a mountain, but it made his heart long for
+just one breath of good dry Canadian air, just one whiff of the keen,
+cutting frost.
+
+But Kai Bok-su was not the sort to spend these dismal days repining.
+Indeed he had no time, even had he been so inclined. His work filled
+up every minute of every rainy day and hours of the drenched night. If
+there was no sunshine outside there was plenty in his brave heart, and A
+Hoa's whole nature radiated brightness.
+
+And there were many reasons for being happy after all. On the second
+Sabbath of February, 1873, just one year after his arrival in Tamsui,
+the missionary announced, at the close of one of his Sabbath services,
+that he would receive a number into the Christian church. There was
+instantly a commotion among the heathen who were in the house, and yells
+and jeers from those crowding about the door outside.
+
+"We'll stop him," they shouted. "Let us beat the converts," was another
+cry.
+
+But Mackay went quietly on with the beautiful ceremony in spite of the
+disturbance. Five young men, with A Hoa at their head, came and were
+baptized into the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
+
+
+When the next Sabbath came these five with their missionary sat down for
+the first time to partake of the Lord's Supper. It was a very impressive
+ceremony. One young fellow broke down, declaring he was not worthy.
+Mackay took him alone into his little room and they prayed together, and
+the young man came out to the Lord's Supper comforted, knowing that all
+might be worthy in Jesus Christ.
+
+Spring came at last, bright and clear, and Mackay announced to A Hoa
+that they must go up the river and visit their friends at Goko-khi. The
+two did not go alone this time. Three other young men who wanted to be
+missionaries were now spending their days with their teacher, learning
+with A Hoa how to preach the gospel. So it was quite a little band
+of disciples that walked along the river bank up to Go-ko-khi. Mackay
+preached at all the villages along the route, and visited the homes of
+Christians.
+
+One day, as they passed a yamen or Chinese court-house where a mandarin
+was trying some cases, they stepped in to see what was going on. At
+one end of the room sat the mandarin who was judge. He was dressed in
+magnificent silks and looked down very haughtily upon the lesser people
+and the retinue of servants who were gathered about him. On either side
+of the room stood a row of constables and near them the executioners.
+The rest of the room was filled with friends of the people on trial and
+by the rabble from the street. The missionaries mixed with the former
+and stood watching proceedings. There were no lawyers, no jury. The
+mandarin's decision was law.
+
+The first case was one of theft. Whether the man had really committed
+the crime or not was a question freely discussed among the onlookers
+around Mackay. But there seemed no doubt as to his punishment being
+swift and heavy. "He has not paid the mandarin," a friend explained to
+the missionary. "He will be punished."
+
+"The mandarin eats cash," remarked another with a shrug. It was a saying
+to which Mackay had become accustomed. For it was one of the shameless
+proverbs of poor, oppressed Formosa.
+
+The case was soon finished. Nothing was definitely proven against the
+man. But the mandarin pronounced the sentence of death. The victim
+was hurried out, shrieking his innocence, and praying for mercy. Case
+followed case, each one becoming more revolting than the last to the
+eyes of the young man accustomed to British justice. Imprisonment and
+torture were meted out to prisoners, and even witnesses were laid hold
+of and beaten on the face by the executioners if their tale did not suit
+the mandarin. Men who were plainly guilty but who had given their judge
+a liberal bribe were let off, while innocent men were made to pay heavy
+fines or were thrown into prison. The young missionary went out and
+on his way sickened by the sights he had witnessed. And as he went,
+he raised his eyes to heaven and prayed fervently that he might be a
+faithful preacher of the gospel, and that one day Formosa would be a
+Christian land and injustice and oppression be done away.
+
+
+The next scene was a happier one. There was an earnest little band of
+Christians in Go-ko-khi, and two of the young people were about to be
+married. It was the first Christian marriage in the place and Kai Bok-su
+was called upon to officiate. There was a great deal of opposition
+raised among the heathen, but after seeing the ceremony, they all voted
+a Christian wedding everything that was beautiful and good.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VII. BESIEGING HEAD-HUNTERS
+
+When they returned from their trip, Mackay and A Hoa with the assistance
+of some of their Christian friends set about looking for a new house in
+a more wholesome district. It was much easier for the missionary to rent
+a place now, and he managed to secure a comfortable home upon the bluff
+above the town. It was a dryer situation and much more healthful. Here
+one room was used as a study and every morning when not away on a tour a
+party of young men gathered in it for lessons. Sometimes, what with
+traveling, preaching, training his students, visiting the sick, and
+pulling teeth, Mackay had scarcely time to eat, and very little to
+sleep. But always as he came and went on his travels, his eyes would
+wander to the mountains where the savages lived, and with all his heart
+he would wish that he might visit them also.
+
+His Chinese friends held up their hands in dismay when he broached the
+subject. To the mountains where the Chhi-hoan lived! Did Kai Bok-su not
+know that every man of them was a practised head-hunter, and that behind
+every rock and tree and in the darkness of the forests they lay in wait
+for any one who went beyond the settled districts? Yes, Kai Bok-su knew
+all that, but he could not quite explain that it was just that which
+made the thought of a visit to them seem so alluring, just that which
+made him so anxious to tell them of Jesus Christ, who wished all men to
+live as brothers. A Hoa and a few others who had caught the spirit of
+the true soldier of the cross understood. For they had learned that one
+who follows Jesus must be ready to dare anything, death included, to
+carry the news of his salvation to the dark corners of the world.
+
+But the days were so filled with preaching, teaching, and touring,
+that for some time Mackay had no opportunity for a trip into the
+head-hunters' territory. And then one day, quite unexpectedly, his
+chance came. There sailed into Tamsui harbor, one hot afternoon, a
+British man-of-war, named The Dwarf. Captain Bax from this vessel
+visited Tamsui, and expressed a desire to see something of the life of
+the savages in the mountains. This was Mackay's opportunity, and in
+spite of protests from his friends he offered to accompany the captain.
+So together they started off, the sailor-soldier of England and the
+soldier of the cross, each with the same place in view but each with a
+very different object.
+
+It took three days journey from Tamsui across rice-fields and up
+hillsides to reach even the foot of the mountains. Here there lived a
+village of natives, closely related to the savages. But they were not
+given to head-hunting and were quite friendly with the people about
+them. Mackay had met some of these people on a former trip inland, and
+now he and Captain Bax hired their chief and a party of his men to guide
+them up into savage territory.
+
+The travelers slept that night in the village, and before dawn were up
+and ready to start on their dangerous undertaking. Before them in the
+gray dawn rose hill upon hill, each loftier than the last, till they
+melted into the mountains, the territory of the dreaded head-hunters.
+They started off on a steady tramp, up hills, down valleys, and across
+streams, until at last they came to the foot of the first mountain.
+
+Before them rose its sheer side, towering thirty-five hundred feet above
+their heads. It was literally covered with rank growth of all kinds,
+through which it was impossible to move. So a plan of march had to be
+decided upon. In front went a line of men with long sharp knives. With
+these they cut away the creepers and tangled scrub or undergrowth. Next
+came the coolies with the baggage, and last the two travelers. It was
+slow work, and sometimes the climb was so steep they held their breath,
+as they crept over a sheer ledge and saw the depth below to which they
+might easily be hurled. The chief of the guides himself collapsed in one
+terrible climb, and his men tied rattan ropes about him and hauled him
+up over the steepest places.
+
+During this wearisome ascent the most untiring one was the missionary;
+and the sailor often looked at him in amazement. His lithe, wiry frame
+never seemed to grow weary. He was often in the advance line, cutting
+his way through the tangle, and here on that first afternoon he met with
+an unpleasant adventure.
+
+The natives had warned the two strangers to be on the lookout for
+poisonous snakes, and Mackay's year in Formosa had taught him to be
+wary. But he had forgotten all danger in the toilsome climb. He was soon
+reminded of it. They were passing up a slope covered with long dense
+grass when a rustling at his side made the young missionary pause. The
+next moment a huge cobra sprang out from a clump of grass and struck at
+him. Mackay sprang aside just in time to escape its deadly fangs. The
+guides rushed up with their spears only to see its horrible scaly length
+disappear in the long grass.
+
+That was not the only escape of the young adventurer, for there were
+wild animals as well as poisonous snakes along the line of march, and
+the man in the front was always in danger. But at the front Mackay must
+be in spite of all warning. Nobody moved fast enough for him.
+
+At last they reached the summit of the range. They were now on the
+dividing line between Chinese ground and savage territory, and the men
+who dared go a step farther went at terrible risk. The head-hunters
+would very likely see that they did not return.
+
+But Mackay was all for pushing forward, and Captain Bax was no less
+eager. So they spent a night in the forest and the next day marched on
+up another and higher range. As they journeyed, the travelers could not
+but burst into exclamations of delight at the loveliness about them.
+Behind those great trees and in those tangles of vines might lurk the
+head-hunters, but for all that the beauty of the place made them forget
+the dangers. The great banyan trees whose branches came down and took
+root in the earth, making a wonderful round leafy tent, grew on every
+side. Camphor trees towered far above them and then spread out great
+branches sixty or seventy feet from the ground. Then there was the
+rattan creeping out over the tops of the other trees and making a thick
+canopy through which the hot tropical sun-rays could not penetrate.
+
+ And the flowers! Sometimes Mackay and Bax would stand amazed at
+their beauty. They came one afternoon to an open glade in the cool
+green dimness of the forest. On all sides the stately tree-ferns rose up
+thirty or forty feet above them, and underneath grew a tangle of lovely
+green undergrowth.
+
+And upon this green carpet it seemed to their dazzled eyes that
+thousands of butterflies of the loveliest form and color had just
+alighted. And not only butterflies, but birds and huge insects and all
+sorts of winged creatures, pink and gold and green and scarlet and blue,
+and all variegated hues. But the lovely things sat motionless, sending
+out such a delightful perfume that there could be no doubt that they
+were flowers,--the wonderful orchids of Formosa! Mackay was a keen
+scientist, always highly interested in botany, and he was charmed with
+this sight. There were many such in the forest, and often he would stop
+spellbound before a blaze of flowers hanging from tree or vine or shrub.
+Then he would look up at the tangled growths of the bamboo, the palm,
+and the elegant tree-fern, standing there all silent and beautiful, and
+he would be struck by the harmony between God's work and Word. "I can't
+keep from studying the flora of Formosa," he said to Captain Bax. "What
+missionary would not be a better man, the bearer of a richer gospel,
+what convert would not be a more enduring Christian from becoming
+acquainted with such wonderful works of the Creator?"
+
+At last they stood on the summit of the second range and saw before them
+still more mountains, clothed from summit to base with trees. They were
+now right in savage territory and their guide clambered out upon a spur
+of rock and announced that there was a party of head-hunters in the
+valley below. He gave a long halloo. From away down in the valley came
+an answering call, ringing through the forest. Then far down through the
+thicket Mackay's sharp eyes descried the party coming up to meet them.
+Just then their own guide gave the signal to move on, and the missionary
+and Captain Bax walked down the hill--the first white men who had ever
+come out to meet those savages.
+
+Half-way down the slope the two parties came face to face. The
+head-hunters were a wild, uncouth-looking company, armed to the teeth.
+They all carried guns, spears, and knives and some had also bows and
+arrows slung over their backs. Their faces were hideously tattooed in a
+regular pattern, while they wore no more clothes than were necessary.
+A sort of sack of coarse linen with holes in the sides for their arms,
+served as the chief garment, and generally the only one. Every one wore
+a broad belt of woven rattan in which was stuck his crooked pointed
+knife. Some of the younger men had their coats ornamented with bright
+red and blue threads woven into the texture. They had brass rings on
+their arms and legs too, and even sported big earrings. These were
+ugly looking things made of bamboo sticks. The head-hunters were all
+barefooted, but most of them wore caps--queer-looking things, made of
+rattan. From many of them hung bits of skin of the boar or other wild
+animals they had killed. They stood staring suspiciously at the two
+strangers. Never before had they seen a white man, and the appearance of
+the naval officer and the missionary, so different from themselves, and
+yet so different from their hated enemies, the Chinese, filled them with
+amazement and a good deal of suspicion. After a little talk with the
+guides, however, the visitors were allowed to pass on. As soon as they
+began to move, the savages fell into line behind them and followed
+closely. The two white men, walking calmly onward, could not help
+thinking how easy it would be for one of those fierce-looking tattooed
+braves to win applause by springing upon both of them and carrying their
+heads in triumph to the next village.
+
+As they came down farther into the valley, they passed the place where
+the savages had their camp. Here naked children and tattooed women
+crept out of the dense woods to stare at the queer-looking Chinamen who
+had white faces and wore no cue.
+
+The march through this valley, even without the head-hunters at their
+heels, would not have been easy. The visitors clambered over huge trunks
+blown across the path, and tore their clothes and hands scrambling
+through the thorny bushes. The sun was still shining on the
+mountain-peaks far above them, but away down here in the valley it was
+rapidly growing dark and very cold. They had almost decided to stop and
+wait for morning when a light ahead encouraged them to go on. They soon
+came upon a big camp-fire and round it were squatted several hundred
+savages. The firelight gleaming upon the dark, fierce faces of the
+head-hunters and on their spears and knives, made a startling picture.
+
+They were round the visitors immediately, staring at the two white men
+in amazement. The party of savages who had escorted them seemed to be
+making some explanation of their appearance, for they all subsided at
+last and once more sat round their fire.
+
+The newcomers started a fire of their own, and their servants cooked
+their food. The white men were in momentary danger of their lives. But
+they sat on the ground before the fire and quietly ate their supper
+while hundreds of savage eyes were fixed upon them in suspicious,
+watchful silence.
+
+The meal over the servants prepared a place for the travelers to sleep,
+and while they were so doing, the young missionary was not idle. He
+longed to speak to these poor, darkened heathen, but they could not
+understand Chinese. However, he found several poor fellows lying
+prostrate on the ground, overcome with malaria, and he got his guide to
+ask if he might not give the sick ones medicine. Being allowed to do
+so, he gave each one a dose of quinine. The poor creatures tried to look
+their gratitude when the terrible chills left them, and soon they were
+able to sink into sleep.
+
+Before he retired to his own bed of boughs, the young missionary
+sang that grand old anthem which these lonely woods and their savage
+inhabitants had never yet heard:
+
+     All people that on earth do dwell,
+     Sing to the Lord with cheerful voice.
+
+But these poor people could not "sing to the Lord," for they had never
+yet so much as heard his name.
+
+All night the missionary lay on the ground, finding the chill mountain
+air too cold for sleep, and whenever he looked out from his shelter of
+boughs he saw hundreds of savage eyes, gleaming in the firelight, still
+wide open and fixed upon him.
+
+Day broke late in the valley, but the travelers were astir in the
+morning twilight. The mountain-tops were touched with rosy light even
+while it was dark down in these forest depths.
+
+The chilled white men were glad to get up and exercise their stiffened
+limbs. There were several of their party who could speak both Chinese
+and the dialect of these mountaineers, and through them Mackay persuaded
+the chief of the tribe to take them to visit his village.
+
+He seemed reluctant at first and there was much discussion with his
+braves. Evidently they were more anxious to go on a head-hunt than to
+act the part of hosts. However, after a great deal of chatter,
+they consented, and the chief and his son with thirty men separated
+themselves from the rest of the band and led the way out of the valley
+up the mountainside. The travelers had to stop often, for, besides the
+natural difficulties of the way, the chief proved a new obstacle. Every
+mile or so he would apparently repent of his hospitality. He would stop,
+gather his tattooed braves about him and confer with them, while his
+would-be visitors sat on the ground or a fallen tree-trunk to await his
+pleasure. Finally he would start off again, the travelers following,
+but no sooner were they under way than again their uncertain guide would
+stop. Once he and his men stood motionless, listening. Away up in
+the boughs of a camphor tree a little tailor-bird was twittering. The
+savages listened as though to the voice of an oracle.
+
+"What are they doing?" Mackay asked of one of his men, when the
+head-hunters stopped a second time and stared earnestly at the boughs
+above.
+
+"Bird-listening," explained the guide. A few more questions drew from
+him the fact that the savages believed the little birds would tell
+them whether or not they should bring these strangers home. They
+always consulted the birds when starting out on a head-hunt, he further
+explained. If the birds gave a certain kind of chirp and flew in a
+certain direction, then all was well, and the hunters would go happily
+forward. But if the birds acted in the opposite way, nothing in the
+world could persuade the chief to go on. Evidently the birds gave their
+permission to bring the travelers home, for in spite of many halts, the
+savages still moved forward.
+
+They had been struggling for some miles through underbrush and prickly
+rattan and the white men's clothes were torn and their hands scratched.
+Now, however, they came upon a well-beaten path, winding up the
+mountainside, and it proved a great relief to the weary travelers. But
+here occurred another delay. The savages all stopped, and the chief
+approached Mackay and spoke to him through the interpreter. Would the
+white man join him in a head-hunting expedition, was his modest request.
+There were some Chinese not so far below them, cutting out rattan, and
+he was sure they could secure one or more heads. He shook the big net
+head-bag that hung over his shoulder and grinned savagely as he made his
+proposal. If the white men and their party would come at the enemy from
+one side, he and his men would attack them from the other, he said,
+and they would be sure to get them all. The incongruity of a Christian
+missionary being invited on a head-hunt struck Captain Bax as rather
+funny in spite of its gruesomeness. This was a delicate situation to
+handle, but Mackay put a bold front on it. He answered indignantly that
+he and his friend had come in peace to visit the chief, and that he was
+neither kind nor honorable in trying to get his visitors to fight his
+battles.
+
+The interpreter translated and for a moment several pairs of savage
+eyes gleamed angrily at the bold white man. But second thoughts proved
+calmer. After another council the savages moved on.
+
+They were now at the top of a range, and every one was ordered to halt
+and remain silent. Mackay thought that advice was again to be asked of
+some troublesome little birds, but instead the savages raised a
+peculiar long-drawn shout. It was answered at once from the opposite
+mountain-top, and immediately the whole party moved on down the slope.
+
+Here was the same lovely tangle of vines and ferns and beautiful
+flowers. Monkeys sported in the trees and chattered and scolded the
+intruders. Down one range and up another they scrambled and at last they
+came upon the village of the head-hunters.
+
+It lay in a valley in an open space where the forest trees had been
+cleared away. It consisted of some half-dozen houses or huts made of
+bamboo or wickerwork, and the place seemed literally swarming with women
+and children and noisy yelping dogs. But even these could not account
+for the terrible din that seemed to fill the valley. Such unearthly
+yells and screeches the white men had never heard before.
+
+"What is it?" asked Captain Bax. "Has the whole village gone mad?"
+
+Mackay turned to one of his guides, and the man explained that the noise
+came from a village a little farther down the valley. A young hunter had
+returned with a Chinaman's head, and his friends were rejoicing over it.
+The merrymaking sounded to the visitors more like the howling of a pack
+of fiends, for it bore no resemblance to any human sounds they had ever
+heard.
+
+Fortunately they were invited to stop at the nearer village and were not
+compelled to take part in the horrible celebration. They were taken at
+once to the chief's house. It was the best in the village, and boasted
+of a floor, made of rattan ropes half an inch thick. All along the
+outside wall, under the eaves, hung a row of gruesome ornaments, heads
+of the boar and deer and other wild animals killed in the chase, and
+here and there mingled with them the skulls of Chinamen. The house held
+one large room, and, as it was a cold evening, a fire burned at either
+end of it. At one end the men stood chatting, at the other the women
+squatted. The visitors were invited to sit by the men's fire. There
+were several beds along the wall, two of which were offered to the
+strangers. But they were not prepared to remain for the night, and had
+decided to start back before the shadows fell.
+
+The whole village came to the chief's house and crowded round the
+newcomers, men first, women and children on the outskirts, and dogs
+still farther back. Several men came forward and claimed Mackay as a
+friend. They touched their own breasts and then his, in salutation,
+grinning in a most friendly manner. The young missionary was at first
+puzzled, then smiled delightedly. They were some of the poor fellows to
+whom he had given quinine the evening before in the valley.
+
+This greeting seemed to encourage the others. They became more friendly
+and suddenly one man who had been circling round the visitors touched
+the back of Mackay's head and exclaimed, "They do not wear the cue! They
+are our kinsmen." From that moment they were treated with far
+greater kindness, and on several other visits that Mackay made to the
+head-hunters, they always spoke with interest of him as kinsman.
+
+But all danger was not over. The savages were still suspicious, and at
+any moment the newcomers might excite them. So they decided to start
+back at once, while every one was in a friendly mood. They made presents
+to the chief and some of his leading men; and left with expressions of
+good-will on both sides.
+
+By evening they had reached the valley where they had first met the
+savages and here they prepared to spend the night. They had no sooner
+kindled their fires than from the darkness on every side shadowy forms
+silently emerged,--the savages come to visit them! They glided out of
+the black forest into the ring of firelight and squatted upon the ground
+until fully five hundred dusky faces looked out at the travelers from
+the gloom. It was rather an unpleasant situation, there in the depths of
+the forest, but Mackay turned it to good account. First he and Captain
+Bax made presents to the headmen and they were as pleased as children to
+receive the gay ornaments and bright cloth the travelers gave them.
+And then Mackay called their interpreter to his side and they stood
+up together, facing the crowd. Speaking through his interpreter, the
+missionary said he wished to tell them a story. These mountain savages
+were veritable children in their love for a story, as they were in so
+many other ways, and their eyes gleamed with delight.
+
+It was a wonderful story he told them, the like of which they had never
+heard before. It was about the great God, who had made the earth and
+the people on it, and was the Father of them all. He told how God loved
+everybody, because they were his children. Chinese, white men beyond the
+sea like himself and Captain Bax, the people of the mountains,--all were
+God's children. And so all men were brothers, and should love God their
+Father and each other. And because God loved his children so, he sent
+his Son, Jesus Christ, to live among men and to die for them. He told
+the story simply and beautifully, just as he would to little children,
+and these children of the forest listened and their savage eyes grew
+less fierce as they heard for the first time of the story of the Savior.
+
+The next day, after a toilsome journey, the travelers reached the
+plain below. They had made their dangerous trip and had escaped the
+head-hunters, but as fierce an enemy was lying in wait for both, an
+enemy that in Formosa devours native and foreigner alike. Captain Bax
+was the first to be attacked. All day, as they descended the mountain,
+the rain came down in torrents, a real Formosan rain that is like the
+floodgates opening. The travelers were drenched and chilly, and just as
+they emerged from the forest Captain Bax succumbed to the enemy. Malaria
+had smitten him.
+
+Shaking with chills and then burning with fever, he was placed in a
+sedan-chair and carried the remainder of the way, three days' journey,
+to the coast, where the medical attendants on board his ship cured him.
+Mackay was feeling desperately ill all the way across the plain, but
+with his usual determination he refused to give in until he almost
+staggered across the threshold of his home.
+
+The house had been closed in his absence. It was now damp and chilly and
+everything was covered with mold. He lay down in his bed, alternately
+shivering with cold and burning with fever. In the next room A Hoa,
+who had gone to bed also, heard his teeth chattering and came to him at
+once. It was a terrible thing to the young fellow to see his dauntless
+Kai Bok-su overcome by any kind of force. It seemed impossible that he
+who had cured so many should become a victim himself. A Hoa proved a
+kind nurse. He stayed by the bedside all night, doing everything in his
+power to allay the fever. His efforts proved successful, and in a few
+days the patient was well. But never again was he quite free from the
+dreaded disease, and all the rest of his life he was subject to the most
+violent attacks of malaria, a terrible memento by which he was always to
+remember his first visit to the headhunters.
+
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VIII. CITIES CAPTURED AND FORTS BUILT
+
+Up the river to Go-ko-khi! That was always a joy, and whenever Mackay
+could take a day from his many duties, with A Hoa and one or more other
+students, he would go up and visit old Thah-so and the kindly people of
+this little village.
+
+One day, after they had preached in the empty granary and the rain had
+come in, Mr. Tan, the headman, walked up the village street with them,
+and he made them an offer. They might have the plot of ground opposite
+his house for a chapel-site. This was grand news. A chapel in north
+Formosa! Mackay could hardly believe it, but it seemed that there really
+was to be one. There were many Christians in Go-ko-khi now, and each
+one was ready for work. Some collected stones, others prepared sun-dried
+bricks, others dug the foundation, and the first church in north Formosa
+was commenced.
+
+Now Go-ko-khi was, unfortunately, near the great city of Bang-kah. This
+was the most hostile and wicked place in all that country, and A Hoa
+and Mackay had been stoned out of it on their visit there. The people in
+Bang-kah learned of the new church building, and one day, when the brick
+walls were about three feet high, there arose a tramp of feet, beating
+of drums, and loud shouts, and up marched a detachment of soldiers sent
+with orders from the prefect of Bang-kah to stop the building of the
+chapel. Their officers went straight to the house of the headman with
+his commands. Mr. Tan was six feet two and he rose to his full height
+and towered above his visitor majestically. The "mayor" of Go-ko-khi was
+a Christian now, and on the wall of his house was pasted a large sheet
+of paper with the ten commandments printed on it. He pointed to this and
+said: "I am determined to abide by these." The officer was taken aback.
+He was scarcely prepared to defy the headman, and he went away to stir
+up the villagers. But everywhere the soldiers met with opposition. There
+seemed no one who would take their part. The officer knew he and his men
+were scarcely within their rights in what they were doing; so,
+fearing trouble, he marched back to the city, reporting there that the
+black-bearded barbarian had bewitched the villagers with some magic art.
+
+The prefect of Bang-kah next sent a message to the British consul. The
+missionary was building a fort at Go-ko-khi, he declared in great alarm,
+and would probably bring guns up the river at night. He was a very bad
+man indeed, and if the British consul desired peace he should stop this
+wicked Kai Bok-su at once. And the British consul down in his old Dutch
+fort at Tamsui laughed heartily over the letter, knowing all about Kai
+Bok-su and the sort of fort he was building.
+
+So, in spite of all opposition, the little church rose steadily up
+and up until it was crowned with a tiled roof and was ready for the
+worshipers.
+
+That was a great day for north Formosa and its young missionary, the day
+the first church was opened. The place was packed to the doors, and many
+stood outside listening at the windows. And of that crowd one hundred
+and fifty arose and declared that from henceforth they would cast away
+their idols and worship only the one and true God. Standing up there in
+his first pulpit and looking down upon the crowd of upturned faces, and
+seeing the new light in them which the blessed good news of Jesus and
+his love had brought, Kai Bok-su's heart swelled with joy.
+
+He stayed with them some time after this, for, though so many people
+had become Christians, they were like little children and needed much
+careful teaching. Especially they must learn how to live as Jesus Christ
+would have his followers live. Many heathen as well as the Christians
+came to his meetings and listened eagerly. At first the people found
+it almost impossible to sit quiet and still during a service. They
+had never been accustomed to such a task, and some of the missionary's
+experiences were very funny. When they had sung a hymn and had settled
+down to listen to the address, the preacher would no sooner start than
+out would come one long pipe after another, pieces of flint would strike
+on steel, and in a few minutes the smoke would begin to ascend. Mackay
+would pause and gently tell them that as this was a Christian service
+they must not do anything that might disturb it. They were anxious to do
+just as he bade, so the pipes would disappear, and nodding their heads
+politely they would say, "Oh, yes, we must be quiet; oh, yes, indeed."
+
+One day when the congregation was very still and their young pastor was
+speaking earnest words to them, one man less attentive than the others
+happened to glance out of the window. Instantly he sprang to his feet
+shouting, "Buffaloes in the rice-fields! Buffaloes in the rice-fields!"
+and away he went with a good fraction of the congregation helter-skelter
+at his heels.
+
+The missionary spoke again upon the necessity of quiet, and his hearers
+nodded agreeably and murmured, "Yes, yes, we must be quiet."
+
+They were very good for the next few minutes and the minister had
+reached a very important point in his address, when there was a great
+disturbance at the door. An old woman came hobbling up on her small feet
+and poking her head in at the church door screamed, "My pig has gone!
+Pig has gone!" and away went another portion of the congregation to help
+find the truant porker.
+
+But, in spite of many interruptions, the congregation at Go-ko-khi
+learned much of the beautiful truth of their new religion. Their
+indulgent pastor never blamed his restless hearers, but before the
+church was two months old he had trained them so well that there was
+not a more orderly and attentive congregation even in his own Christian
+Canada than that which gathered in the first chapel in north Formosa.
+
+But the day came at last when he had to leave them, and the question was
+who should be left over them. The answer seemed very plain,--A Hoa.
+The first convert placed as pastor over the first church! It was
+very fitting. Some months before, down in Tamsui, when A Hoa had been
+baptized and had taken his first communion, he had vowed to give his
+life more fully to his Master's service. So here was his field of labor,
+and here he began his work. He was so utterly sincere and lovable, so
+bright and jovial, so firm of purpose and yet so kindly, that he was
+soon beloved by all the Christians and respected by the heathen. And one
+of his greatest helpers was widow Thah-so, who had been instrumental in
+bringing the missionary with his glad tidings to her village.
+
+Mackay missed A Hoa sorely at first, but he had his other students about
+him, and often when bent upon a long journey would send for his first
+convert, and together they would travel here and there over the island,
+making new recruits everywhere for the army of their great Captain.
+
+The little church at Go-ko-khi was but the first of many. Like the
+hepaticas that used to peep forth in the missionary's home woods,
+telling that spring had arrived, here and there they came up, showing
+that the long cruel winter of heathenism in north Formosa was drawing to
+an end.
+
+Away up the Tamsui river, nestled at the foot of the mountains, stood
+a busy town called Sin-tiam. A young man from this place sailed down to
+Tamsui on business one day and there heard the great Kai Bok-su preach
+of the new Jehovah-God, he went home full of the wonderful news, and so
+much did he talk about it that a large number of people in Sin-tiam were
+very anxious to hear the barbarian themselves. So one day a delegation
+came down the river to the house on the bluff above Tamsui. They made
+this request known to the missionary as he sat teaching his students in
+the study. Would he not come and tell the people of Sin-tiam the story
+about this Jesus-God who loved all men? Would he go? Kai Bok-su was on
+the road almost before the slow-going Orientals had finished delivering
+the message.
+
+It was the season of a feast to their idols in Sin-tiam when the
+missionary and his party arrived. Great crowds thronged the streets,
+and the barbarian with his white face and his black beard and his queer
+clothes attracted unusual attention. The familiar cry, "Foreign devil,"
+was mingled with "Kill the barbarian," "Down with the foreigner." The
+crowd began to surge closer around the missionary party, and affairs
+looked very serious. Suddenly a little boy right in Mackay's path was
+struck on the head by a brick intended for the missionary. He was picked
+up, and Mackay, pressing through the crowd to where the little fellow
+lay, took out his surgical instruments and dressed the wound. All about
+him the cries of "Kill the foreign devil" changed to cries of "Good
+heart! Good heart!" The crowd became friendly at once, and Mackay passed
+on, having had once more a narrow escape from death.
+
+The work of preaching to these people was carried on vigorously, and
+before many months had passed the Christians met together and declared
+they must build a chapel for the worship of the true God. So, close
+by the riverside, in a most picturesque spot, the walls of the second
+chapel of north Formosa began to rise. It was not without opposition
+of course. One rabid idol-worshiper stopped before the half-finished
+building with its busy workmen, and, picking up a large stone, declared
+that he would smash the head of the black-bearded barbarian if the work
+was not stopped that moment. Needless to say, the missionary, standing
+within a good stone's throw of his enemy, ordered the workers to
+continue. George Mackay was not to be stopped by all the stones in north
+Formosa.
+
+This stone was never thrown, however, and at last the chapel was
+finished. Once more a preacher was ready to be its pastor. Tan He, a
+young man who had been studying earnestly under his leader for some
+time, was placed over this second congregation, and once more there
+blossomed out a sure sign that the spring had indeed come to north
+Formosa.
+
+Tek-chham, a walled city of over forty thousand inhabitants, was the
+next place to be attacked by this little army of the King's soldiers.
+The first visit of the missionary caused a riot, but before long
+Tek-chham had a chapel with some of the rioters for its best members,
+and a once proud graduate and worshiper of Confucius installed in it as
+its pastor.
+
+Ten miles from Tek-chham stood a little village called Geh-bai. The
+missionary-soldiers visited it, and to their delight found a church
+building ready for them. It was quite a wonderful place, capable of
+holding fully a thousand people without much crowding. Its roof was the
+boughs of the great banyan tree; its one pillar the trunk, and its walls
+the branches that bent down to enter the ground and take root. It made a
+delightful shelter from the broiling sun. And here Kai Bok-su preached.
+But a banyan does not give perfect shelter in all kinds of weather, so
+when a number of people had declared themselves followers of the Lord
+Jesus, a large house was rented and fitted up as a chapel, with another
+native pastor over it.
+
+Away over at Kelung a church was founded through a man who had carried
+the gospel home from one of the missionary's sermons. Here and there the
+hepaticas were springing up. From all sides came invitations to preach
+the great news of the true God, and the young missionary gave himself
+scarcely time to eat or sleep. He worked like a giant himself, and he
+inspired the same spirit in the students that accompanied him. He was
+like a Napoleon among his soldiers. Wherever he went they would go,
+even though it would surely mean abuse and might mean death. And,
+wherever they went, they brought such a wonderful, glad change to
+people's hearts that they were like slave-liberators setting captives
+free.
+
+The most lawless and dangerous region in all north Formosa was that
+surrounding the small town of Sa-kak-eng. In the mountains near by lived
+a band of robbers who kept the people in a constant state of dread by
+their terrible deeds of plunder and murder. Sometimes the frightened
+townspeople would help the highwaymen just to gain their good-will, and
+such treatment only made them bolder. Bands of them would even come down
+into the town and march through the streets, frightening every one into
+flight. They would shout and sing, and their favorite song was one that
+showed how little they cared for the laws of the land.
+
+You trust the mandarins, We trust the mountains.
+
+So the song went, and when the missionary heard it first he could not
+help confessing that after all it was a sorry job trusting the mandarins
+for protection.
+
+The first time he visited the place with A Hoa they were stoned and
+driven out. But the missionaries came back, and at last were allowed to
+preach. And then converts came and a church was established. The
+robber bands received no more assistance from the people, and were
+soon scattered by the officers of the law. And Sa-kak-eng was in peace
+because the missionary had come.
+
+But there was one place Mackay had so far scarcely dared to enter. Even
+the robber-infested Sa-kak-eng would yield, but Bang-kah defied all
+efforts. To the missionary it was the Gibraltar of heathen Formosa, and
+he longed to storm it. North, south, east, and west of this great wicked
+city churches had been planted, some only within a few miles of its
+walls. But Bang-kah still stood frowning and unyielding. It had always
+been very bitter against outsiders of all kinds. No foreign merchant was
+allowed to do business in Bang-kah, so no wonder the foreign missionary
+was driven out.
+
+Mackay had dared to enter the place, being of the sort that would dare
+anything. It was soon after he had settled in Formosa and A Hoa had
+accompanied him. The result had been a riot. The streets had immediately
+filled with a yelling, cursing mob that pelted the two missionaries with
+stones and rotten eggs and filth, and drove them from the city.
+
+But "Mackay never knew when he was beaten," as a fellow worker of his
+once said, and though he was taking desperate chances, he went once more
+inside the walls of Bangkah. This time he barely escaped with his life,
+and the city authorities forbade every one, on pain of death, to
+lease or sell property to him or in any way accommodate the barbarian
+missionary.
+
+But meanwhile Kai Bok-su was keeping his eye on Bang-kah, and when the
+territory around had been possessed, he went up to Go-ko--khi and made
+the daring proposition to A Hoa. Should they go up again and storm the
+citadel of heathenism? And A Hoa answered promptly and bravely, "Let us
+go."
+
+So one day early in December, when the winter rains had commenced to
+pour down, these two marched across the plain and into Bang-kah. By
+keeping quiet and avoiding the main thoroughfare, they managed to rent
+a house. It was a low, mean hovel in a dirty, narrow street, but it was
+inside the forbidden city, and that was something. The two daring young
+men then procured a large sheet of paper, printed on it in Chinese
+characters "Jesus' Temple," and pasted it on the door. This announced
+what they had come for, and they awaited results.
+
+Presently there came the heavy tramp, tramp of feet on the stone
+pavement. Mackay and A Hoa looked out. A party of soldiers, armed with
+spears and swords, were returning from camp. They stopped before the hut
+and read the inscription. They shouted loud threats and tramped away to
+report the affair to headquarters.
+
+In a short time, with a great noise and tramping, once more soldiers
+were at the door. Mackay waked out and faced them quietly. The general
+had given orders that the barbarian must leave this house immediately,
+the soldier declared in a loud voice. The place belonged to the military
+authorities.
+
+"Show me your proof," said Mackay calmly. His bold behavior demanded
+respectful treatment, so the soldier produced the deed for the property.
+
+"I respect your law," said Mackay after he examined it, "and my
+companion and I will vacate. But I have paid rent for this place,
+therefore I am entitled to remain for the night. I will not go out until
+morning."
+
+His firm words and fearless manner had their effect both on the soldiers
+and the noisy mob waiting for him outside, and the men, muttering
+angrily, turned away. That night Mackay and A Hoa lay on a dirty grass
+mat on the mud floor. The place was damp and filthy, but even had it
+been comfortable they would have had little sleep. For, far into the
+night, angry soldiers paraded the street. Often their voices rose to a
+clamor and they would make a rush for the frail door of the little hut.
+Many times the two young fellows arose, believing their last hour had
+come. But the long night passed and they found that they were still left
+untouched.
+
+They rose early and started out. Already a great mob filled the space
+in front of the house. Even the low roofs of the surrounding houses were
+covered with people all out early to see the barbarian and his despised
+companion driven from Bang-kah, and perhaps have the added pleasure of
+witnessing their death.
+
+The two walked bravely down the street. Curses were showered upon them
+from all sides; broken tiles, stones, and filth were thrown at them, but
+they moved on steadily. The mob hampered them so that they were hours
+walking the short distance to the river. Here they entered a boat and
+went down a few miles to a point where a chapel stood, and where some of
+Mackay's students awaited them.
+
+But the man who "did not know when he was beaten" had not turned his
+back on the enemy. He gathered the group of students around him in the
+little room attached to the chapel. Here they all knelt and the young
+missionary laid their trouble before the great Captain who had said,
+"All power is given unto me." "Give us an entrance to Bang-kah," was the
+burden of the missionary 's prayer. They arose from their knees, and he
+turned to A Hoa with that quick challenging movement his students had
+learned to know so well.
+
+"Come," he said, "we are going back to Bang-kah."
+
+And A Hoa, whose habit it was to walk into all danger with a smile,
+answered with all his heart:
+
+"It is well, Kai Bok-su; we go back to Bang-kah."
+
+And straight back to this Gibraltar the little army of two marched.
+It was quite dark by the time they entered. A Formosan city is not the
+blaze of electricity to which Westerners are accustomed, and only
+here and there in the narrow streets shone a dim light. The travelers
+stumbled along, scarcely knowing whither they were going. As they turned
+a dark corner and plunged into another black street they met an old man
+hobbling with the aid of a staff over the uneven stones of the pavement.
+Mackay spoke to him politely and asked if he could tell him of any one
+who would rent a house. "We want to do mission work," he added, feeling
+that he must not get anything under false pretenses.
+
+The old man nodded. "Yes, I can rent you my place," he answered readily.
+"Come with me."
+
+Full of amazement and gratitude the two adventurers groped their way
+after him, stumbling over stones and heaps of rubbish. They could not
+help realizing, as they got farther into the city, that should the old
+man prove false and give an alarm the whole murderous populace of that
+district would be around them instantly like a swarm of hornets. But
+whether he was leading them into a trap or not their only course was to
+follow.
+
+At last he paused at a low door opening into the back part of a house.
+The old man lighted a lamp, a pith wick in a saucer of peanut oil, and
+the visitors looked around. The room was damp and dirty and infested
+with the crawling creatures that fairly swarm in the Chinese houses of
+the lower order. Rain dripped from the low ceiling on the mud floor, and
+the meager furniture was dirty and sticky.
+
+But the two young men who had found it were delighted. They felt like
+the advance guard of an army that has taken the enemy's first outpost.
+They were established in Bang-kah! They set to work at once to draw out
+a rental paper. A Hoa sat at the table and wrote it out so that they
+might be within the law which said that no foreigner must hold property
+in Bang-kah. When the paper was signed and the money paid, the old man
+crept stealthily away. He had his money, but he was too wary to let his
+fellow citizens find how he had earned it.
+
+As soon as morning came the little army in the midst of the hostile camp
+hoisted its banner. When the citizens of Bang-kah awoke, they found on
+the door of the hut the hated sign, in large Chinese characters, "Jesus'
+Temple."
+
+In less than an hour the street in front of it was thronged with a
+shouting crowd. Before the day was past the news spread, and the whole
+city was in an uproar. By the next afternoon the excitement had reached
+white heat, and a wild crowd of men came roaring down the street.
+They hurled themselves at the little house where the missionaries were
+waiting and literally tore it to splinters. The screams of rage and
+triumph were so horrible that they reminded Mackay of the savage yells
+of the head-hunters.
+
+When the mob leaped upon the roof and tore it off, the two hunted men
+slipped out through a side door, and across the street into an inn. The
+crowd instantly attacked it, smashing doors, ripping the tiles off the
+roof, and uttering such bloodthirsty howls that they resembled wild
+beasts far more than human beings. The landlord ordered the missionaries
+out to where the mob was waiting to tear them limb from limb.
+
+It was an awful moment. To go out was instant death, to remain merely
+put off the end a few moments. Mackay, knowing his source of help, sent
+up a desperate prayer to his Father in heaven.
+
+Suddenly there was a strange lull in the street outside. The yells
+ceased, the crashing of tiles stopped. The door opened, and there in his
+sedan-chair of state surrounded by his bodyguard, appeared the Chinese
+mandarin. And just behind him--blessed sight to the eyes of Kai
+Bok-su--Mr. Scott, the British consul of Tamsui!
+
+Without a word the two British-born clasped hands. It was not an
+occasion for words. There was immediately a council of war. The mandarin
+urged the British consul to send the missionary out of the city.
+
+"I have no authority to give such an order," retorted Mr. Scott quickly.
+"On the other hand you must protect him while he is here. He is a
+British subject."
+
+Mackay's heart swelled with pride. And he thanked God that his Empire
+had such a worthy representative.
+
+Having again impressed upon the mandarin that the missionary must be
+protected or there would be trouble, Mr. Scott set off for his home.
+Mackay accompanied him to the city gate. Then he turned and walked back
+through the muttering crowds straight to the inn he had left. He stopped
+occasionally to pull a tooth or give medicine for malaria, for even in
+Bang-kah he had a few friends.
+
+The mandarin was now as much afraid of the missionary as if he had been
+the plague. He knew he dared not allow him to be touched, and he also
+knew he had very little power over a mob. He was responsible, too,
+to men in higher office, for the control of the people, and would be
+severely punished if there was a riot, he was indeed in a very bad way
+when he heard that the troublesome missionary had come back, and he
+followed him to the inn to try to induce him to leave.
+
+He found Mackay with A Hoa, quietly seated in their room. First he
+commanded, then he tried to bribe, and then he even descended to beg the
+"foreign devil" to leave the city. But Mackay was immovable.
+
+"I cannot leave," he said, touched by the man's distress. "I cannot quit
+this city until I have preached the gospel here." He held up his forceps
+and his Bible. "See! I use these to relieve pain of the body, and this
+gives relief from sin,--the disease of the soul. I cannot go until I
+have given your people the benefit of them."
+
+The mandarin went away enraged and baffled. He could not persuade the
+man to go; he dared not drive him out. He left a squad of soldiers to
+guard the place, however, remembering the British consul's warning.
+
+In a few days the excitement subsided. People became accustomed to
+seeing the barbarian teacher and his companion go about the streets.
+Many were relieved of much pain by him too, and a large number listened
+with some interest to the new doctrine he taught concerning one God.
+
+He had been there a week when some prominent citizens came to him with
+a polite offer. They would give him free a piece of ground outside the
+city on which to build a church. Kai Bok-su's flashing black eyes at
+once saw the bribe. They wanted to coax him out when they could not
+drive him. He refused politely but firmly.
+
+"I own that property," he declared, pointing to the heap of ruins into
+which his house had been turned, "and there I will build a church."
+
+They did everything in their power to prevent him, but one day, many
+months after, right on the site where they had literally torn the roof
+from above him, arose a pretty little stone church, and that was the
+beginning of great things in Bang-kah.
+
+And so Gibraltar was taken,--taken by an army of two,--a Canadian
+missionary and a Chinese soldier of the King, for behind them stood all
+the army of the Lord of hosts, and he led them to victory!
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IX. OTHER CONQUESTS.
+
+Away over on the east of the island ran a range of beautiful mountains.
+And between these mountains and the sea stretched a low rice plain.
+Here lived many Pe-po-hoan,--"Barbarians of the plain." Mackay had never
+visited this place, for the Kap-tsu-lan plain, as it was called, was
+very hard to reach on account of the mountains; but this only made the
+dauntless missionary all the more anxious to visit it.
+
+So one day he suggested to his students, as they studied in his house
+on the bluff, that they make a journey to tell the people of Kap-tsu-lan
+the story of Jesus. Of course, the young fellows were delighted. To go
+off with Kai Bok-su was merely transferring their school from his house
+to the big beautiful outdoors. For he always taught them by the way, and
+besides they were all eager to go with him and help spread the good news
+that had made such a difference in their lives. So when Kai Bok-su piled
+his books upon a shelf and said, "Let us go to Kaptsu-lan," the young
+fellows ran and made their preparations joyfully. A Hoa was in Tamsui
+at the time, and Mackay suggested that he come too, for a trip without A
+Hoa was robbed of half its enjoyment.
+
+Mackay had just recovered from one of those violent attacks of malaria
+from which he suffered so often now, and he was still looking pale and
+weak. So Sun-a, a bright young student-lad, came to the study door with
+the suggestion, "Let us take Lu-a for Kai Bok-su to ride."
+
+There was a laugh from the other students and an indulgent smile from
+Kai Bok-su himself. Lu-a was a small, rather stubborn-looking donkey
+with meek eyes and a little rat tail. He was a present to the missionary
+from the English commissioner of customs at Tamsui, when that gentleman
+was leaving the island. Donkeys were commonly used on the mainland of
+China, and though an animal was scarcely ever ridden in Formosa, horses
+being almost unknown, the commissioner did not see why his Canadian
+friend, who was an introducer of so many new things, should not
+introduce donkey-riding. So he sent him Lu-a as a farewell present and
+leaving this token of his good-will departed for home.
+
+Up to this time Lu-a had served only as a pet and a joke among the
+students, and high times they had with him in the grassy field behind
+the missionary's house when lessons were over. In great glee they
+brought him round to the door now, "all saddled and bridled" and ready
+for the trip. The missionary mounted, and Lu-a trotted meekly along the
+road that wound down the bluff toward Kelung. The students followed in
+high spirits. The sight of their teacher astride the donkey was such a
+novel one to them, and Lu-a was such a joke at any time, that they were
+filled with merriment. All went well until they left the road and turned
+into a path that led across the buffalo common. At the end of it they
+came to a ravine about fifteen feet deep. Over this stretched a plank
+bridge not more than three feet wide. Here Lu-a came to a sudden
+stop. He had no mind to risk his small but precious body on that shaky
+structure. His rider bade him "go on," but the command only made Lu-a
+put back his ears, plant his fore feet well forward and stand stock
+still. In fact he looked much more settled and immovable than the bridge
+over which he was being urged. The students gathered round him and
+petted and coaxed. They called him "Good Lu-a" and "Honorable Lu-a" and
+every other flattering title calculated to move his donkeyship, but
+Lu-a flattened his ears back so he could not hear and would not move.
+So Mackay dismounted and tried the plan of pulling him forward by the
+bridle while some of the boys pushed him from behind. Lu-a resented
+this treatment, especially that from the rear, and up went his heels,
+scattering students in every direction; and to discomfit the enemy in
+front he opened his mouth and gave forth such loud resonant brays that
+the ravine fairly rang with his music.
+
+A balking donkey is rather amusing to boys of any country, but to these
+Formosan lads who had had no experience with one the sound of Lu-a's
+harsh voice and the sight of his flying heels brought convulsions of
+merriment. "He's pounding rice! He's pounding rice!" shouted the wag of
+the party, and his companions flung themselves upon the grass and rolled
+about laughing themselves sick.
+
+With his followers rendered helpless and his steed continuing stubborn,
+Mackay saw the struggle was useless. He could not compete alone with
+Lu-a's firmness, so he gave orders that the obstinate little obstructer
+of their journey be trotted back to his pasture.
+
+"And to think that any one of us might have carried the little rascal
+over!" he cried as he watched the donkey meekly depart. His students
+looked at the little beast with something like respect. Lu-a had beaten
+the dauntless Kai Bok-su who had never before been beaten by anything.
+He was indeed a marvelous donkey!
+
+So the journey to the Kap-tsu-lan plain was made on foot. It was a very
+wearisome one and often dangerous. The mountain paths were steep and
+difficult and the travelers knew that often the head-hunters lurked
+near. But the way was wonderfully beautiful nevertheless. Standing on a
+mountain height one morning and looking away down over wooded hills and
+valleys and the lake-like terraces of the rice-fields, Mackay repeated
+to his students a line of the old hymn:
+
+Every prospect pleases and only man is vile.
+
+
+Around them the stately tree-fern lifted its lovely fronds and the
+orchids dotted the green earth like a flock of gorgeous butterflies just
+settled. Tropical birds of brilliant plumage flashed among the
+trees. Beside them a great tree raised itself, fairly covered with
+morning-glories, and over at their right a mountainside gleamed like
+snow in the sunlight, clothed from top to bottom with white lilies.
+
+But the way had its dangers as well as its beauties. They were passing
+the mouth of a ravine when they were stopped by yells and screams of
+terror coming from farther up the mountainside. In a few minutes a
+Chinaman darted out of the woods toward them. His face was distorted
+with terror and he could scarcely get breath to tell his horrible story.
+He and his four companions had been chipping the camphor trees up in the
+woods; suddenly the armed savages had leaped out upon them and he alone
+of the five had escaped.
+
+At last they left the dangerous mountain and came down into the
+Kap-tsu-lan plain. On every side was rice-field after rice-field, with
+the water pouring from one terrace to another. The plain was low and
+damp and the paths and roads lay deep in mud. They had a long toilsome
+walk between the ricefields until they came to the first village
+of these barbarians of the plain. It was very much like a Chinese
+village,--dirty, noisy, and swarming with wild-looking children and
+wolfish dogs.
+
+The visitors were received with the utmost disdain. The Chinese students
+were of course well known, for these aborigines had long ago adopted
+their customs and language. But the Chinese visitors were in company
+with the foreigners, and all foreigners were outcaste in this eastern
+plain. The men shouted the familiar "foreign devil" and walked
+contemptuously away. The dirty women and children fled into their grass
+huts and set the dogs upon the strangers. They tried by all sorts of
+kindnesses to gain a hearing, but all to no effect. So they gave it
+up, and plodded through the mud and water a mile farther on to the next
+village. But village number two received them in exactly the same way.
+Only rough words and the barks of cruel dogs met them. The next village
+was no better, the fourth a little worse. And so on they went up and
+down the Kap-tsu-lan plain, sleeping at night in some poor empty hut or
+in the shadow of a rice strawstack, eating their meals of cold rice and
+buffalo-meat by the wayside, and being driven from village to village,
+and receiving never a word of welcome.
+
+And all through those wearisome days the young men looked at their
+leader in vain for any smallest sign of discouragement or inclination
+to retreat. There was no slightest look of dismay on the face of Kai
+Bok-su, for how was it possible for a man who did not know when he was
+beaten to feel discouraged? So still undaunted in the face of defeat,
+he led them here and there over the plain, hoping that some one would
+surely relent and give them a hearing.
+
+One night, footsore and worn out, they slept on the damp mud floor of a
+miserable hut where the rain dripped in upon their faces. In the morning
+prospects looked rather discouraging to the younger members of the
+party. They were wet and cold and weary, and there seemed no use in
+going again and again to a village only to be turned away. But
+Kai Bok-su's mouth was as firm as ever, and his dark eyes flashed
+resolutely, as once more he gave the order to march. It was a lovely
+morning, the sun was rising gloriously out of the sea and the heavy
+mists were melting from above the little rice-fields. Here and there
+fairy lakes gleamed out from the rosy haze that rolled back toward
+the mountains. They walked along the shore in the pink dawn-light and
+marched up toward a fishing village. They had visited it before and had
+been driven away, but Kai Bok-su was determined to try again. They were
+surprised as they came nearer to see three men come out to meet them
+with a friendly expression on their faces.
+
+The foremost was an old man who had been nicknamed "Black-face," because
+of his dark skin. The second was a middleaged man, and the third was a
+young fellow about the age of the students. They saluted the travelers
+pleasantly, and the old man addressed the missionary.
+
+"You have been going through and through our plain and no one has
+received you," he said politely. "Come to our village, and we will now
+be ready to listen to you."
+
+The door of Kap-tsu-lan had opened at last! The missionary's eyes
+gleamed with joy and gratitude as he accepted the invitation. The
+delegation led the visitors straight to the house of the headman. For
+the Pepo-hoan governed their communities in the Chinese style and had a
+headman for each village. The missionary party sat down in front of the
+hut on some large flat stones and talked over the matter with the chief
+and other important men. And while they talked "Black-face" slipped
+away. He returned in a few moments with a breakfast of rice and fish for
+the visitors.
+
+The result of the conference was that the villagers decided to give
+the barbarian a chance. All he wanted it seemed was to tell of this new
+Jehovah-religion which he believed, and surely there could be no great
+harm in listening to him talk.
+
+In the evening the headman with the help of some friends set to work
+to construct a meeting-house. A tent was erected, made from boat sails.
+Several flat stones laid at one end and a plank placed upon them made
+a pulpit. And that was the first church on the Kap-tsu-lan plain! There
+was a "church bell" too, to call the people to worship. In the village
+were some huge marine shells with the ends broken off. In the old days
+these were used by the chiefs as trumpets by which they called their men
+together whenever they were starting out on the war-path. But now the
+trumpet-shell was used to call the people to follow the King. Just at
+dark a man took one, and walking up and down the straggling village
+street blew loudly--the first "church bell" in east Formosa.
+
+The loud roar brought the villagers flocking down to the tent-church
+by the shore. For the most part they brought their pews with them. They
+came hurrying out of their huts carrying benches, and arranging them in
+rows they seated themselves to listen.
+
+Mackay and the students sang and the people listened eagerly. The
+Pe-po-hoan by nature were more musical than the Chinese, and the singing
+delighted them. Then the missionary arose and addressed them. He told
+clearly and simply why he had come and preached to them of the true
+God. Afterward the congregation was allowed to ask questions, and they
+learned much of this God and of his love in his Son Jesus Christ.
+
+The wonder of the great news shone in the eyes upturned to the preacher.
+In the gloom of the half-lighted tent their dark faces took on a new
+expression of half-wondering hope. Could it be possible that this was
+true? Their poor, benighted minds had always been held in terror of
+their gods and of the evil spirits that forever haunted their footsteps.
+Could it be possible that God was a great Father who loved his children?
+They asked so many eager questions, and the story of Jesus Christ had
+to be told over and over so many times, that before this first church
+service ended a gray gleam of dawn was spreading out over the Pacific.
+
+It was only the next day that these newly-awakened people decided that
+they must have a church building. And they went to work to get one in a
+way that might have shamed a congregation of people in a Christian land.
+This new wonderful hope that had been raised in their hearts by the
+knowledge that God loved them set them to work with glad energy. Kai
+Bok-su and his men still preached and prayed and sang and taught in the
+crazy old wind-flapped tent by the seashore, and the people listened
+eagerly, and then, when services were over, every one,--preacher,
+assistants, and congregation,--set bravely to work to build a church.
+Brave they certainly had to be, for at the very beginning they had to
+risk their lives for their chapel. A party sailed down the coast and
+entered savage territory for the poles to construct the building. They
+were attacked and one or two were badly wounded, though they managed to
+escape. But they were quite ready to go back and fight again had it been
+necessary. Then they made the bricks for the walls. Rice chaff mixed
+with clay were the materials, and the Kap-tsu-lan plain had an abundance
+of both. The roof was made of grass, the floor of hard dried earth, and
+a platform of the same at one end served as a pulpit.
+
+When the little chapel was finished, every evening the big shell rang
+out its summons through the village; and out from every house came the
+people and swarmed into the chapel to hear Kai Bok-su explain more of
+the wonders of God and his Son Jesus Christ.
+
+Mackay's home during this period was a musty little room in a damp
+mud-walled hut; and here every day he received donations of idols,
+ancestral tablets, and all sorts of things belonging to idol-worship. He
+was requested to burn them, and often in the mornings he dried his damp
+clothes and moldy boots at a fire made from heathen idols.
+
+For eight weeks the missionary party remained in this place, preaching,
+teaching, and working among the people. It was a mystery to the students
+how their teacher found time for the great amount of Bible study and
+prayer which he managed to get. He surely worked as never man worked
+before. Late at night, long after every one else was in bed, he would
+be bending over his Bible, beside his peanut-oil lamp, and early in the
+morning before the stars had disappeared he was up and at work again.
+Four hours' sleep was all his restless, active mind could endure, and
+with that he could do work that would have killed any ordinary man.
+
+One evening some new faces looked up at him from his congregation in the
+little brick church. When the last hymn was sung the missionary stepped
+down from his pulpit and spoke to the strangers. They explained that
+they were from the next village. They had heard rumors of this new
+doctrine, and had been sent to find out more about it. They had been
+charmed with the singing, for that evening over two hundred voices had
+joined in a ringing praise to the new Jehovah-God. They wanted to hear
+more, they said, and they wanted to know what it was all about. Would
+Kai Bok-su and his students deign to visit their village too?
+
+Would he? Why that was just what he was longing to do. He had been
+driven out of that village by dogs only a few weeks before, but a little
+thing like that did not matter to a man like Mackay. This village lay
+but a short distance away, being connected with their own by a path
+winding here and there between the rice-fields. Early the next evening
+Mackay formed a procession. He placed himself at its head, with A Hoa at
+his side. The students came next, and then the converts in a double row.
+And thus they marched slowly along the pathway singing as they went. It
+was a stirring sight. On either side the waving fields of rice, behind
+them the gleam of the blue ocean, before them the great towering
+mountains clothed in green. Above them shone the clear dazzling sky of
+a tropical evening. And on wound the long procession of Christians in a
+heathen land, and from them arose the glorious words:
+
+O thou, my soul, bless God the Lord, And all that in me is Be stirred up
+his holy name To magnify and bless.
+
+And the heathen in the rice-fields stopped to gaze at the strange sight,
+and the mountains gave back the echo of that Name which is above every
+name.
+
+And so, marching to their song, the procession came to the village.
+Everybody in the place had come out to meet them at the first sound
+of the singing. And now they stood staring, the men in a group by
+themselves, the women and children in the background, the dogs snarling
+on the outskirts of the crowd.
+
+The congregation was there ready, and without waiting to find a place of
+meeting, right out under the clear evening skies, the young missionary
+told once more the great story of God and his love as shown through
+Jesus Christ. The message took the village by storm. It was like water
+to thirsty souls. The next day five hundred of them brought their idols
+to the missionary to be burned.
+
+And now Mackay went up and down the Kap-tsu-lan plain from village to
+village as he had done before, but this time it was a triumphal march.
+And everywhere he went throngs threw away their idols and declared
+themselves followers of the true God.
+
+He was overcome with joy. It was so glorious he wished he could stay
+there the rest of his life and lead these willing people to a higher
+life. But Tamsui was waiting; Sin-tiam, Bang-kah, Kelung, Go-ko-khi,
+they must all be visited; and finally he tore himself away, leaving some
+of his students to care for these people of Kap-tsu-lan.
+
+But he came back many times, until at last nineteen chapels dotted the
+plain, and in them nineteen native preachers told the story of Jesus and
+his love. Sometimes, in later years, when Mackay was with them, tears
+would roll down the people's faces as they recalled how badly they had
+used him on his first visit.
+
+It was while on his third visit here that he had a narrow escape
+from the head-hunters. He was staying at a village called "South Wind
+Harbor," which was near the border of savage territory. Mackay often
+walked on the shore in the evening just before the meeting, always with
+a book in his hand. One night he was strolling along in deep meditation
+when he noticed some extremely large turtle tracks in the sand. He
+followed them, for he liked to watch the big clumsy creatures. These
+green turtles were from four to five feet in length. They would
+come waddling up from the sea, scratch a hole in the sand with their
+flippers, lay their eggs, cover them carefully, and with head erect and
+neck out-thrust waddle back. Mackay was intensely interested in all
+the animal life of the island and made a study of it whenever he had
+a chance. He knew the savages killed and ate these turtles, but he
+supposed he was as yet too near the village to be molested by them. So
+he followed the tracks and was nearing the edge of the forest, when he
+heard a shout behind him. As he turned, one of his village friends came
+running out of his hut waving to him frantically to come back. Thinking
+some one must be ill, Mackay hurried toward the man, to find that it was
+he himself who was in danger. The man explained breathlessly that it
+was the habit of the wily savages to make marks in the sand resembling
+turtle tracks to lure people into the forest. If Kai Bok-su had entered
+the woods, his head would certainly have been lost.
+
+It was always hard to say farewell to Kaptsu-lan, the people were so
+warm-hearted, so kind, and so anxious for him to stay. One morning just
+before leaving after his third visit, Mackay had an experience that
+brought him the greatest joy.
+
+He had stayed all night at the little fishing village where the first
+chapel had been built. As usual he was up with the dawn, and after his
+breakfast of cold boiled rice and pork he walked down to the shore for
+a farewell look at the village. As he passed along the little crooked
+street he could see old women sitting on the mud floors of their huts,
+by the open door, weaving. They were all poor, wrinkled, toothless old
+folk with faces seamed by years of hard heathen experience. But in their
+eyes shone a new light, the reflection of the glory that they had seen
+when the missionary showed them Jesus their Savior. And as they threw
+their thread their quavering voices crooned the sweet words:
+
+There is a happy land Far, far away.
+
+And their old weary faces were lighted up with a hope and happiness that
+had never been there in youth.
+
+Kai Bok-su smiled as he passed their doors and his eyes were misty with
+tender tears.
+
+Just before him, playing on the sand with "jacks" or tops, just as he
+had played not so very long ago away back in Canada, were the village
+boys. And as they played they too were singing, their little piping
+voices, sweet as birds, thrilling the morning air. And the words they
+sang were:
+
+Jesus loves me, this I know, For the Bible tells me so.
+
+They nodded and smiled to Kai Bok-su as he passed. He went down to the
+shore where the wide Pacific flung long rollers away up the hard-packed
+sand. The fishermen were going out to sea in the rosy morning light,
+and as they stood up in their fishing-smacks, and swept their long oars
+through the surf, they kept time to the motion with singing. And their
+strong, brave voices rang out above the roar of the breakers:
+
+I'm not ashamed to own my Lord, Or to defend his cause.
+
+And standing there on the sunlit shore the young missionary raised his
+face to the gleaming blue heavens with an emotion of unutterable joy and
+thanksgiving. And in that moment he knew what was that glory for which
+he had so vaguely longed in childish years. It was the glory of work
+accomplished for his Master's sake, and he was realizing it to the full.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER X. REENFORCEMENTS
+
+Some of Mackay's happiest days were spent with his students. He was such
+a wonder of a man for work himself that he inspired every one else to
+do his best, so the young men made rapid strides with their lessons. No
+matter how busy he was, and he was surely one of the busiest men that
+ever lived, he somehow found time for them.
+
+Sometimes in his house, sometimes on the road, by the seashore, under
+a banyan tree, here and there and everywhere, the missionary and his
+pupils held their classes. If he went on a journey, they accompanied him
+and studied by the way. And it was a familiar sight on north Formosan
+roads or field paths to see Mackay, always with his book in one hand and
+his big ebony stick under his arm, walking along surrounded by a group
+of young men.
+
+Sometimes there were as many as twenty in the student-band, but
+somewhere in the country a new church would open, and the brightest of
+the class would be called away to be its minister. But just as often a
+young Christian would come to the missionary and ask if he too might not
+be trained to preach the gospel of Jesus Christ.
+
+Whether at home or abroad, pupils and teacher had to resort to all sorts
+of means to get away for an uninterrupted hour together. For Kai Bok-su
+was always in demand to visit the sick or sad or troubled.
+
+There was a little kitchen separate from the house on the bluff, and
+over this Mackay with his students built a second story. And here they
+would often slip away for a little quiet time together. One night, about
+eleven o'clock, Mackay was here alone poring over his books. The young
+men had gone home to bed except two or three who were in the kitchen
+below. Some papers had been dropped over a pipe-hole in the floor of the
+room where Mackay was studying, and for some time he had been disturbed
+by a rustling among them. At last without looking up, he called to his
+boys below: "I think there are rats up here among my papers!"
+
+Koa Kau, one of the younger of the students, ran lightly up the stairs
+to give battle to the intruders. What was his horror when he saw fully
+three feet of a monster serpent sticking up through the pipe-hole and
+waving its horrible head in the air just a little distance from Kai
+Bok-su's chair.
+
+The boy gave a shout, darted down the stair, and with a sharp stick,
+pinned the body of the snake to the wall below. The creature became
+terribly violent, but Koa Kau held on valiantly and Mackay seized an
+old Chinese spear that happened to be in the room above and pierced
+the serpent through the head. They pulled its dead body down into the
+kitchen below and spread it out. It measured nine feet. The students
+would not rest until it was buried, and the remembrance of the horrible
+creature's visit for some time spoiled the charm of the little upper
+room.
+
+The rocks at Kelung harbor were another favorite spot for this little
+traveling university to hold its classes. Sometimes they would take
+their dinner and row out in a little sampan to the rocks outside the
+harbor and there, undisturbed, they would study the whole day long.
+
+They always began the day's work with a prayer and a hymn of praise, and
+no matter what subjects they might study, most of the time was spent on
+the greatest of books. After a hard morning's work each one would gather
+sticks, make a fire, and they would have their dinner of vegetables,
+rice, and pork or buffalo-meat. Then there were oysters, taken fresh off
+the rocks, to add to their bill of fare.
+
+At five in the afternoon, when the strain of study was beginning to
+tell, they would vary the program. One or two of the boys would take
+a plunge into the sea and bring up a subject for study,--a shell, some
+living coral, sea-weed, sea-urchins, or some such treasure. They would
+examine it, and Kai Bok-su, always delighted when on a scientific
+subject, would give them a lesson in natural history. And he saw with
+joy how the wonders of the sea and land opened these young men's minds
+to understand what a great and wonderful God was theirs, who had made
+"the heaven and the earth and the sea, and all that in them is."
+
+When they visited a chapel in the country, they had a daily program
+which they tried hard to follow. They studied until four o'clock every
+afternoon and all were trained in speaking and preaching. After four
+they made visits together to Christians or heathen, speaking always a
+word for their Master. Every evening a public service was held at which
+Mackay preached. These sermons were an important part of the young men's
+training, for he always treated the gospel in a new way. A Hoa, who was
+Mackay's companion for the greater part of sixteen years, stated that he
+had never heard Kai Bok-su preach the same sermon twice.
+
+On the whole the students liked their college best when it was moving.
+For on the road, while their principal gave much time to the Bible and
+how to present the gospel, he would enliven their walks by conversing
+about everything by the way and making it full of interest. The
+structure of a wayside flower, the geological formation of an
+overhanging rock, the composition of the soil of the tea plantations,
+the stars that shone in the sky when night came down upon them;--all
+these made the traveling college a delight.
+
+Although his days were crammed with work, Mackay found time to make
+friends among the European population of the island. They all liked and
+admired him, and many of them tried to help the man who was giving his
+life and strength so completely to others. They were familiar with his
+quick, alert figure passing through the streets of Tamsui, with his
+inevitable book and his big ebony cane. And they would smile and say,
+"There goes Mackay; he's the busiest man in China." (*)
+
+     * See CHAPTER XIII, Formosa becomes Japanese territory.
+
+The British consul in the old Dutch fort and the English commissioner
+of customs proved true and loyal friends. The representatives of foreign
+business firms, too, were always ready to lend him a helping hand where
+possible. His most useful friends were the foreign medical men. They
+helped him very much. They not only did all they could for his own
+recovery when malaria attacked him, but they helped also to cure his
+patients. Traveling scientists always gave him a visit to get his help
+and advice. He had friends that were shipcaptains, officers, engineers,
+merchants, and British consuls. Everybody knew the wonderful Kai Bok-su.
+"Whirlwind Mackay," some of them called him, and they knew and admired
+him with the true admiration that only a brave man can inspire.
+
+The friends to whom he turned for help of the best kind were the English
+Presbyterians in south Formosa. They, more than any others, knew his
+trials and difficulties. They alone could enter with true sympathy into
+all his triumphs. At one time Dr. Campbell, one of the south Formosan
+missionaries, paid him a visit. He proved a delightful companion, and
+together the two made a tour of the mission stations. Dr. Campbell
+preached wherever they went and was a great inspiration to the people,
+as well as to the students and to the missionary himself.
+
+One evening, when they were in Kelung, Mackay, with his insatiable
+desire to use every moment, suggested that they spend ten days without
+speaking English, so that they might improve their Chinese. Dr. Campbell
+agreed, and they started their "Chinese only." Next morning from the
+first early call of "Liong tsong khi lai," "All, all, up come," not one
+word of their native tongue did they speak. They had a long tramp that
+morning and there was much to talk about and the conversation was all in
+Chinese, according to the bargain. Dr. Campbell was ahead, and after
+an hour's talk he suddenly turned upon his companion: "Mackay!" he
+exclaimed, "this jabbering in Chinese is ridiculous, and two Scotchmen
+should have more sense; let us return to our mother tongue." Which
+advice Mackay gladly followed.
+
+His next visitor was the Rev. Mr. Ritchie from south Formosa, one of the
+friends who had first introduced him to his work. Every day of his visit
+was a joy. With nine of Mackay's students, the two missionaries set out
+on a trip through the north Formosa mission that lasted many weeks.
+
+But the more pleasant and helpful such companionship was the more alone
+Mackay felt when it was over. His task was becoming too much for one
+man. He was wanted on the northern coast, at the southern boundary of
+his mission field, and away on the Kap-tsu-lan plain all at once. He
+was crowded day and night with work. What with preaching, dentistry,
+attending the sick, training his students, and encouraging the new
+churches, he had enough on his hands for a dozen missionaries.
+
+But now at last the Church at home, in far-away Canada, bestirred
+herself to help him. They had been hearing something of the wonderful
+mission in Formosa, but they had heard only hints of it, for Mackay
+would not confess how he was toiling day and night and how the work
+had grown until he was not able to overtake it alone. But the Church
+understood something of his need, and they now sent him the best present
+they could possibly give,--an assistant. Just three years after Mackay
+had landed in Formosa, the Rev. J. B. Fraser, M. D., and his wife and
+little ones arrived. He was a young man, too, vigorous and ready for
+work. Besides being an ordained minister, he was a physician as well,
+just exactly what the north Formosan mission needed.
+
+Along with the missionary, the Church had sent funds for a house for him
+and also one for Mackay. So the poor old Chinese house on the bluff was
+replaced by a modern, comfortable dwelling, and by its side another was
+built for the new missionary and his family. One room of Mackay's house
+was used as a study for his students.
+
+After the houses were built and the new doctor was able to use the
+language, he began to fill a long-felt want. Mackay had always done a
+little medical work, and the foreign doctor of Tamsui had been most kind
+in giving his aid, but a doctor of his own, a missionary doctor, was
+exactly what Kai Bok-su wanted. Soon the sick began to hear of the
+wonders the missionary doctor could perform, and they flocked to him to
+be cured.
+
+It must not be supposed that there were not already doctors in north
+Formosa. There were many in Tamsui alone, and very indignant they were
+at this new barbarian's success. But the native doctors were about the
+worst trouble that the people had to bear. Their medical knowledge, like
+their religion, was a mixture of ignorance and superstition, and some
+of their practises would have been inexcusable except for the fact that
+they themselves knew no better. There were two classes of medical men;
+those who treated internal diseases and those who professed to cure
+external maladies. It was hard to judge which class did the more
+mischief, but perhaps the "inside doctors" killed more of their
+patients. Dog's flesh was prescribed as a cure for dyspepsia, a chip
+taken from a coffin and boiled and the water drunk was a remedy
+for catarrh, and an apology made to the moon was a specific for
+wind-roughened skin. For the dreaded malaria, the scourge of Formosa,
+the young Canadian doctor found many and amazing remedies prescribed,
+some worse than the disease itself. The native doctors believed malaria
+to be caused by two devils in a patient, one causing the chills, the
+other the fever. One of the commonest remedies, and one that was quite
+as sensible as any of the rest, was to tie seven hairs plucked from a
+black dog around the sick one's wrist.
+
+But when the barbarian doctor opened his dispensary in Tamsui, a new
+era dawned for the poor sick folk of north Formosa. The work went on
+wonderfully well and Mackay found so much more time to travel in the
+country that the gospel spread rapidly.
+
+But just when prospects were looking so fair and every one was happy
+and hopeful, a sad event darkened the bright outlook of the two
+missionaries. The young doctor had cured scores of cases, and had
+brought health and happiness to many homes, but he was powerless to keep
+death from his own door.
+
+And one day, a sad day for the mission of north Formosa, the mother
+was called from husband and little ones to her home and her reward in
+heaven.
+
+So the home on the bluff, the beautiful Christian home, which was
+a pattern for all the Chinese, was broken up. The young doctor was
+compelled to leave his patients, and taking his motherless children he
+returned with them to Canada.
+
+The church at home sent out another helper. The Rev. Kenneth Junor
+arrived one year later, and once more the work received a fresh impetus.
+And then, just about two years after Mr. Junor's arrival, Kai Bok-su
+found an assistant of his own right in Formosa, and one who was destined
+to become a wonderful help to him. And so one bright day, there was a
+wedding in the chapel of the old Dutch fort, where the British consul
+married George Leslie Mackay to a Formosan lady. Tui Chhang Mai, her
+name had been. She was of a beautiful Christian character and for a long
+time she had been a great help in the church. But as Mrs. Mackay she
+proved a marvelous assistance to her husband.
+
+It had long been a great grief to the missionary that, while the men
+would come in crowds to his meetings, the poor women had to be left at
+home. Sometimes in a congregation of two hundred there would be only two
+or three women. Chinese custom made it impossible for a man missionary
+to preach to the women. Only a few of the older ones came out. So the
+mothers of the little children did not hear about Jesus and so could not
+teach their little ones about him.
+
+But now everything was changed for them. They had a lady-missionary, and
+one of their own people too. The Mackays went on a wedding-trip through
+the country. Kai Bok-su walked, as usual, and his wife rode in a
+sedan-chair. The wedding-trip was really a missionary tour; for they
+visited all the chapels, and the women came to the meetings in crowds,
+because they wanted to hear and see the lady who had married Kai Bok-su.
+Often, after the regular meetings when the men had gone away, the women
+would crowd in and gather round Mrs. Mackay and she would tell them the
+story of Jesus and his love.
+
+It was a wonderful wedding-journey and it brought a double blessing
+wherever the two went. Their experiences were not all pleasant. One
+day they traveled over a sand plain so hot that Mackay's feet were
+blistered. Another time they were drenched with rain. One afternoon
+there came up a terrific wind storm. It blew Mrs. Mackay's sedan-chair
+over and sent her and the carriers flying into the mud by the roadside.
+At another place they all barely escaped drowning when crossing a
+stream. But the brave young pair went through it all dauntlessly. The
+wife had caught something of her husband's great spirit of sacrifice,
+and he was always the man on fire, utterly forgetful of self.
+
+For two years they worked happily together and at last a great day came
+to Kai Bok-su. He had been nearly eight years in Formosa. It was time he
+came home, the Church in Canada said, for a little rest and to tell the
+people at home something of his great work.
+
+And so he and his Formosan wife said good-by, amid tears and regrets on
+all sides, and leaving Mr. Junor in charge with A Hoa to help, they
+set sail for Canada. It was just a little over seven years since he had
+settled in that little hut by the river, despised and hated by every one
+about him; and now he left behind him twenty chapels, each with a native
+preacher over it, and hundreds of warm friends scattered over all north
+Formosa.
+
+He was not quite the same Mackay who had stood on the deck of the
+America seven years before. His eyes were as bright and daring as ever
+and his alert figure as full of energy, but his face showed that his
+life had been a hard one. And no wonder, for he had endured every kind
+of hardship and privation in those seven years. He had been mobbed times
+without number. He had faced death often, and day and night since his
+first year on the island his footsteps had been dogged by the torturing
+malaria.
+
+But he was still the great, brave Mackay and his home-coming was like
+the return of a hero from battle. He went through Canada preaching in
+the churches, and his words were like a call to arms. He swept over the
+country like one of his own Formosan winds, carrying all before him.
+Wherever he preached hearts were touched by his thrilling tales, and
+purses opened to help in his work. Queen's University made him a Doctor
+of Divinity; Mrs. Mackay, a lady of Detroit, gave him money enough to
+build a hospital; and his home county, Oxford, presented him with $6,215
+with which to build a college.
+
+He visited his old home and had many long talks of his childhood
+days with his loved ones. And he was reminded of the big stone in the
+pasture-field which he was so determined to break. And he thanked his
+heavenly Father for allowing him to break the great rock of heathenism
+in north Formosa.
+
+He returned to his mission work more on fire than ever. If he had been
+received with acclaim in his native land, his Formosan friends' welcome
+was not less warm. Crowds of converts, all his students who were not
+too far inland, and among them, Mr. Junor, his face all smiles, were
+thronging the dock, many of them weeping for joy. It was as if a
+long-absent father had come back to his children.
+
+The work went forward now by leaps and bounds. Mackay's first thought,
+after a hurried visit to the chapels and their congregations, was to see
+that the hospital and college were built.
+
+All day long the sound of the builders could be heard up on the bluff
+near the missionaries' houses, and in a wonderfully short time there
+arose two beautiful, stately buildings. Mackay hospital they called one,
+not for Kai Bok-su--he did not like things named for him--but in memory
+of the husband of the kind lady who had furnished the money for it. The
+school for training young men in the ministry was called Oxford College,
+in honor of the county whose people had made it possible.
+
+Oxford College stood just overlooking the Tamsui river, two hundred feet
+above its waters. The building was 116 feet long and 67 feet wide, and
+was built of small red bricks brought from across the Formosa Channel.
+A wide, airy hall ran down the middle of the building, and was used as
+a lecture-room. On either side were rooms capable of accommodating fifty
+students and apartments for two teachers and their families. There
+were, besides, two smaller lecture-rooms, a museum filled with treasures
+collected from all over Formosa by Dr. Mackay and his students, a
+library, a bathroom, and a kitchen.
+
+The grounds about the college and hospital were very beautiful. Nature
+had given one of the finest situations to be found about Tamsui, and Kai
+Bok-su did the rest. The climate helped him, for it was no great task to
+have a luxurious garden in north Formosa. So, in a few years there were
+magnificent trees and hedges, and always glorious flower beds abloom all
+the time around the missionary premises.
+
+But all this was not accomplished without great toil, and Kai Bok-su
+appeared never to rest in those building days. It seemed impossible
+that one man should work so hard, he was in Tamsui superintending the
+hospital building to-day, and away off miles in the country preaching
+to-morrow. He never seemed to get time to eat, and he certainly slept
+less than his allotted four hours.
+
+A great disappointment was pending, however, and one he saw coming
+nearer every day. The trying Formosan climate was proving too much for
+his young assistant, and one sad day he stood on the dock and saw Mr.
+Junor, pale and weak and broken in health, sail away back to Canada.
+
+But there was always a brave soldier waiting to step into the breach, and
+the next year Kai Bok-su had the joy of welcoming two new helpers, when
+the Rev. Mr. Jamieson and his wife came out from Canada and settled in
+the empty house on the bluff. Yes, and in time there came to his own
+house other helpers--very little and helpless at first they were--but
+they soon made the house ring with happy noise and filled the hearts of
+their parents with joy.
+
+There were two ladies now to lead in the work for girls and women. Their
+sisters in Canada came to their help too. The young men had a school in
+Formosa, and why should there not be a school for women and girls? they
+asked. And so the Women's Foreign Missionary Society of Canada sent to
+Dr. Mackay money to build one. It took only two months to erect it.
+It stood just a few rods from Oxford College, and was a fine, airy
+building. Here a native preacher and his wife took up their abode and
+with the help of Mrs. Mackay and two other native Christian women
+they strove to teach the girls of north Formosa how to make beautiful
+Christian homes.
+
+And now to the two missionaries every prospect seemed bright. The
+college, the girls' school, the hospital, were all in splendid working
+order. Mr. and Mrs. Jamieson were giving their best assistance. A Hoa
+and the other native pastors were working faithfully. God's blessing
+seemed to be showering down upon the work and on every side were signs
+of growth. And then, right from this shining sky, there fell a storm
+of such fierceness that it threatened to wipe out completely the whole
+north Formosan mission.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XI. UNEXPECTED BOMBARDMENT
+
+An enemy's battle-ships off the coast of Formosa! During all the spring
+rumors of trouble had been coming across the channel from the mainland.
+France (*) and China had been quarreling over a boundaryline in Tongking.
+The affair had been settled but not in a way that pleased France. So,
+without even waiting to declare war, she sent a fleet to the China Sea
+and bombarded some of her enemy's ports. Formosa, of course, came in for
+her share of the trouble, and it was early in the summer that the French
+battle-ships appeared. They hove in sight, sailing down the Formosa
+Channel or Strait one hot day, and instantly all Formosa was in an
+uproar of alarm and rage. The rage was greater than the alarm, for China
+cordially despised all peoples beyond her own border, and felt that the
+barbarians would probably be too feeble to do them any harm. But that
+the barbarians should dare to approach their coast with a war-vessel!
+That was a terrible insult, and the fierce indignation of the people
+knew no bounds. Their rage broke out against all foreigners. They did
+not distinguish between the missionary from British soil and the French
+soldiers on their enemy's vessels. They were all barbarians alike, the
+Chinese declared, and as such were the deadly foe of China. This Kai
+Bok-su was in league with the French, and the native Christians all over
+Formosa were in league with him, and all deserved death!
+
+     * War in 1844.
+
+So hard days came for the Christians of north Formosa. Wherever there
+was a house containing converts, there was riot and disorder. For bands
+of enraged heathen, armed with knives and swords, would parade the
+streets about them and threaten all with a violent death the moment the
+French fired a shot.
+
+In some places near the coast the Christian people dared not leave their
+houses, and whenever they sent out their children to buy food, often a
+heathen neighbor would catch them, brandish knives over the terrified
+little ones' heads and declare they would all be cut to pieces when the
+barbarian ships came into port.
+
+Every hour of the day and often in the night, letters came from all
+parts of the country to Dr. Mackay. They were brought by runners
+who came at great peril of their lives, and were sent by the poor
+Christians. Each letter told the same tale; the lives and property of
+all the converts were in grave danger if the enemy did not leave. And
+they all asked Kai Bok-su to do something to help them.
+
+Now Kai Bok-su was a man with great power and influence both in Formosa
+and in his far-off Canada, but he had no means of bringing that power
+to bear on the French. And indeed his own life was in as great danger as
+any one's.
+
+He wrote to the Christians comforting them and enthusing them with his
+own spirit. He bade them all be brave, and no matter what came, danger
+or torture or death itself, they must be true to Jesus Christ. He went
+about his work in the college or hospital just as usual, though he knew
+that any day the angry mob from the town below might come raging up to
+destroy and kill.
+
+The French had entered Kelung harbor and the danger was growing more
+serious every day when Mackay found it necessary to go to Palm Island,
+a pretty islet in the mouth of the Kelung river. It was almost courting
+death to go, but he had been sent for, and he went. He found the place
+right under the French guns and in the midst of raging Chinese. Some of
+the faithful students were there, and they were overcome with joy and
+hope at the sight of him. He gathered them about him in a mission
+house for prayer and a word of encouragement. Outside the Chinese
+soldiers paraded up and down. Sometimes indeed they would burst into the
+room and threaten the inmates with violence should the French fire.
+Kai Bok-su went on quietly talking to his students. He urged them to be
+faithful and reminded them of what their Master suffered at the hands of
+a mob for their sake. But, in spite of their brave spirits, the little
+company could not help listening for the boom of the French guns. It was
+fully expected that the enemy would soon fire, and when they did, the
+Christians well knew there would be little chance for them to escape.
+
+But God had prepared a way out of the difficulty. The meeting was
+scarcely over when a messenger came in, asking for the missionary. A
+Christian on the mainland was very ill and wanted Kai Bok-su to visit
+him. Mackay with his students left the island at once and went to the
+home of the sick man.
+
+They had been gone but a short time when the thunder of the French
+cannon broke over the harbor. The guns from the Chinese fort answered,
+and had the missionary been on Palm Island he and his converts would
+surely have been killed.
+
+The Chinese were no match for the French gunners. The bombardment
+destroyed the fort and killed every soldier who did not manage to get
+away. A great shell crashed into the magazine of the fort, and the
+explosion hurled masses of the concrete walls an incredible distance.
+The city about the fort was completely deserted, for the people fled at
+the first sound of the guns.
+
+As soon as the firing was over, the rabble broke loose and a perfect
+reign of terror prevailed. The mob carried black flags and swept over
+town and country, plundering and murdering. The Christians were of
+course the first object of attack, and to tear down a church was the
+mob's fiercest joy. Seven of the most beautiful chapels were completely
+destroyed and many others injured.
+
+In the town of Toa-liong-pong was the home of Koa Kau, one of Kai
+Bok-su's most devoted students. Here was a lovely chapel built at great
+expense. The crowd tore it to pieces from roof to foundation. Then, out
+of the bricks of the ruin they erected a huge pile, eight feet high;
+they plastered it over with mud, and on the face of it, next the highway
+where every one might see it, they wrote in large Chinese characters:
+
+     MACKAY, THE BLACK-BEARDED BARBARIAN,
+     LIES HERE. HIS WORK IS ENDED.
+
+They knew that the first was not true, but they firmly believed the
+latter statement, for they understood little of the power of the gospel.
+
+At Sin-tiam the crowd of ruffians smashed the doors and windows of the
+church. Then they took the communion roll and read aloud the names of
+the Christians who had been baptized. As each name was announced, some
+of the murderers would rush off toward the home of the one mentioned.
+Here they would torture and often kill the members of the family. The
+native preacher and his family barely escaped with their lives. One good
+old Christian man with his wife, both over sixty, were dragged out into
+the deep water of the Sin-tiam river. Here they were given a choice.
+If they gave up Jesus Christ, their lives would be saved. If they still
+remained Christians, they would be drowned right there and then. The
+brave old couple refused to accept life at such a cost.
+
+"I'm not ashamed to own my Lord," was a hymn Kai Bok-su had taught them,
+and They had meant every word as they had sung it many times in the
+pretty chapel by the river. And so they were "not ashamed" now. They
+were led deeper and deeper into the water, and at every few feet the way
+of escape was offered, but they steadily refused, and were at last flung
+into the river--faithful martyrs who certainly won a crown of life.
+
+These were only two among many brave Christians who died for their
+Master's sake. Some were put to tortures too horrible to tell to make
+them give up their faith. Some were hung by their hair to trees, some
+were kicked or beaten to death, many were slashed with knives until
+death relieved their pain. And on every side the most noble Christian
+heroism was shown. In all ages there have been those who died for their
+faith in Jesus Christ; and these Formosan followers of their Master
+proved themselves no less faithful than the martyrs of old.
+
+And where was Kai Bok-su while the mob raged over the country? Going
+about his work in Tamsui as of old. Only now he worked both night and
+day, and the anxiety for his poor converts kept him awake in the few
+hours when he might have snatched some sleep. He was here, there,
+everywhere at once, it seemed, writing letters to encourage the
+Christians in distress, visiting those who were wavering to strengthen
+their faith, teaching his students, praying, preaching, night and day,
+he never ceased; and always the mob surged about him threatening his
+life.
+
+The French ships now sailed out of Kelung harbor and took up
+their position opposite Tamsui. Every one knew this probably meant
+bombardment, and Dr. Mackay and Mr. Jamieson, standing on the bluff
+before their houses, looked at each other and each knew the other's
+thought. Bombardment would mean that the mob would come raging up and
+destroy both life and property on the hill.
+
+But just as they expected the roar of guns to open, there sailed into
+Tamsui harbor a vessel that flew a different flag from the French.
+Mackay, looking at her through a glass, made out with joy the crosses
+on the red banner of Britain! England had nothing to do with this
+Chinese-French war, but as a British vessel can be found lying around
+almost any port in the wide world, there of course happened to be one
+near Tamsui. She gained a passport into the harbor and sailed in with a
+very kindly mission; it was to protect the lives of foreigners, not only
+from the French guns, but from the Chinese mobs.
+
+The ship had been in the harbor but a short time when a young English
+naval officer, carrying the British flag, came up the path to the houses
+on the bluff. Dr. Mackay was in the library of Oxford College, lecturing
+to his students, when the visitor entered.
+
+The missionary made the sailor welcome and the young man told his
+errand. Dr. Mackay was invited to bring his family and his valuables
+and come on board the vessel to be the guest of the captain until the
+disturbance was over.
+
+It was a most kindly invitation and Dr. Mackay shook his visitor's hand
+warmly as he thanked him. He turned and translated the message to his
+students, and their hearts stood still with dismay. If Kai Bok-su, their
+stay and support, were to be taken away, what would become of them? But
+Kai Bok-su had not changed with the changing circumstances. He was still
+as brave and undaunted as though trouble had never come to his island.
+
+He turned to the officer again with a smile. "My family would not be
+hard to move," he said, "but my valuables--I am afraid I could not take
+them." He made a gesture toward the students standing about him. "These
+young men and many more converts scattered all over north Formosa, are
+my valuables. Many of them have faced death unflinchingly for my sake.
+They are my valuables, and I cannot leave them."
+
+It was bravely said, just as Kai Bok-su might be expected to speak, and
+the English officer's eyes kindled with appreciation. The words found
+a ready response in his heart. They were the words of a true soldier of
+the King. The officer went back to his captain with Mackay's message and
+with a deep admiration in his heart for the man who would rather face
+death than leave his friends.
+
+So the British man-of-war drew off, leaving the missionaries in the
+midst of danger. And almost immediately, with a great bursting roar, the
+bombardment from the French ships opened. Sometimes the shells flew
+high over the town and up to the bluff, so Dr. and Mrs. Mackay put their
+three little ones in a safe corner under the house; but they themselves
+as well as Mr. and Mrs. Jamieson, went in and out to and from the
+college, and the girls' school as though nothing were happening.
+
+Every day Mackay's work grew heavier and his anxiety for the persecuted
+Christians grew deeper. He ate very little, and he scarcely slept at
+all. It was not the noise of the carnage about him that kept him awake.
+He would have fallen asleep peacefully amidst bursting shells, but he
+had no opportunity. The whole burden of the young Church, harassed by
+persecution on all sides, seemed to rest upon his spirit. Anxiety
+for the Christians in the inland stations from whom he could not hear
+weighed on him night and day, and his brave spirit was put to the
+severest test.
+
+Only his great strong faith in God kept him up and kept up the spirits
+of the converts who looked to him for an example. And a brave pattern
+he showed them. Often he and A Hoa paced the lawn in front of the
+house while shot and shell whizzed around them. During the worst of the
+bombardment they came and went between the college and the house as
+if they had charmed lives. One day there was a great roar and a shell
+struck Oxford College, shaking it to its foundations. The smoke from
+fort and ships had scarcely cleared away when, crash! and the girls'
+school was struck by a bursting shell. Next moment there was a fearful
+bang and a great stone that stood in front of the Mackays' house went up
+into the air in a thousand fragments.
+
+But when the firing was hottest, Kai Bok-su would repeat to his students
+the comforting Psalm:
+
+"Thou shalt not be afraid for the terror by night; nor for the arrow
+that flieth by day."
+
+But in spite of his brave demeanor, the strain on the shepherd of this
+harassed flock was beginning to tell. And when the bombardment ceased
+and the intense anxiety for his loved ones was over, Kai Bok-su suddenly
+collapsed. Dr. Johnsen, the foreign physician of Tamsui, came hurriedly
+up to the mission house to see him. His verdict sent a thrill of dismay
+through every heart that loved him, from the anxious little wife by the
+patient's side, to the poorest convert in the town below. Their beloved
+Kai Bok-su had brain fever.
+
+"Too much anxiety and too little sleep," said the medical man. "He must
+sleep now," he added, "or he will die." But now that Kai Bok-su had a
+chance to rest, he could not. Sleep had been chased away too long to
+stay with him. Night and day he tossed about, wide awake and burning
+with fever. His temperature was never less than 102 during those days,
+and all the doctor's efforts could not lower it. The awful heat of
+September was on, and the great typhoons that would soon sweep across
+the country and clear the air had not yet come. The glaring sun and the
+stifling damp heat were all against the patient. At last one day the
+doctor saw a crisis was approaching. He stood looking down at the hot,
+flushed face, at the burning eyes, and the restless hands that were
+never still, and he said to himself, "If the fever does not go down
+to-day, he will die."
+
+The doctor went along "College Road" toward his home, answering the
+eager, anxious questions that met him on all sides with only a shake of
+his head.
+
+A Hoa followed him, his drawn face full of pleading. Was he no better?
+he asked with quivering lips. It was the question poor A Hoa asked many,
+many times a day, for he never left the house when not away on duty. The
+doctor's face was full of sympathy and his own heart weighed down as he
+sadly answered, "No."
+
+"If I only had some ice," he muttered, knowing well he had none. "If
+there was only one bit of ice in Tamsui, I'd save him yet."
+
+Over in the British consulate Dr. Johnsen had another patient. Mr. Dodd
+lay sick there, though not nearly as ill as the missionary, and the
+physician's next visit was to him. When he entered he found a servant
+carrying a tray with some ice on it to the sick room.
+
+"Ice!" cried the doctor, overjoyed. "Where did it come from?"
+
+The servant explained that the steamship Hailoong had just arrived in
+Tamsui harbor with it that morning. The doctor entered Mr. Dodd's room.
+Would he give him that ice to save Mackay's life? was the question he
+asked. To save such a life as Mackay's! That was an absurd question, Mr.
+Dodd declared, and he immediately ordered that every bit of ice he had
+should be sent at once to the missionary's house.
+
+The doctor hurried back up the hill with the precious remedy. He broke
+up a piece and laid it like a little cushion on poor Kai Bok-su's hot
+forehead; that forehead beneath which the busy brain, resting neither
+day nor night, was burning up. It had not been there a great while
+before the restless eyes lost their fire, the eyelids drooped and,
+wonderful sight, Kai Bok-su sank into a sleep! The doctor hardly dared
+to breathe If he could only be kept asleep now, he had a chance. Dr.
+Mackay had never been a sleeper, he well knew. He was too restless, too
+energetic, to allow himself even proper rest. When Dr. Fraser, his first
+assistant, had been with him, he had struggled to persuade him to stay
+in bed at least six hours every night, but not always with success. But
+now he was to show what he could do in the matter of sleeping. All
+that night he lay, breathing peacefully, the next day he slept on from
+morning till night, and little by little the ice melted away on his
+forehead. He did not move all the next night, and A Hoa and Mrs. Mackay
+and the doctor took turns at his bedside watching that the precious
+ice was always there. Morning came and it was all finished. The patient
+opened his eyes. He had slept thirty-six hours, and a thrill of joy went
+through every Christian heart in Tamsui, for their Kai Bok-su was saved!
+
+But though the crisis was over, he was still very weak, and such was the
+state of affairs through the country that he was in no condition to cope
+with them. Riot and plunder was the order of the day. News of churches
+being destroyed, of faithful Christians being tortured or put to death,
+were still coming to the mission house, and no one could tell what day
+would bring Kai Boksu's turn.
+
+And now came an order from the British consul which the missionaries
+could not disobey. He commanded that their families must be moved at
+once from Formosa, as he could not answer for their protection. So at
+once preparations for their departure were made, and Mr. Jamieson took
+his wife and Mrs. Mackay and her three little ones and sailed away for
+Hongkong.
+
+But once more Kai Bok-su stayed behind. It cost him bitter pain to part
+with his loved ones, knowing he might never see them again; he was weak
+and spent with fever, and his poor body was worn to a shadow, but
+he stubbornly refused to leave the men who had stood by him in every
+danger. The consul commanded, the doctor pleaded, but no, Kai Bok-su
+would not go. If the danger had grown greater, then all the more reason
+why he should stay and comfort his people. And if God were pleased to
+send death, then they would all die together.
+
+But he was so weak and sick that the doctor feared that if he remained
+there would be little chance for the mob to kill him: death would come
+sooner. So he came to his stubborn patient with a new proposition. The
+Fukien, a merchant steamship, was now lying in Tamsui harbor. She was to
+run to Hongkong and back directly. If Mackay would only take that trip,
+his physician urged, the sea air would make him new again, and he would
+return in a short time and be ready to take up his work once more.
+
+It was that promise that moved Mackay's resolution. His utter weakness
+held him down from work, and he longed with all his soul to go out
+through the country to help the poor, suffering churches. So he finally
+consented to take the short journey and pay a visit to his dear ones in
+Hongkong.
+
+He did not get back quite as soon as he intended, for the French
+blockade delayed his vessel. But at last he stepped out upon the Tamsui
+dock into a crowd of preachers, students, and converts who were weeping
+for joy about him and exclaiming over his improved looks.
+
+The voyage had certainly done wonders for him, and at once he declared
+he must take a trip into the country and visit those who were left of
+the churches.
+
+It was a desperate undertaking, for French soldiers were now scattered
+through the country, guarding the larger towns and cities and everywhere
+mobs of furious Chinese were ready to torture or kill every foreigner.
+But it would take even greater difficulties than these to stop Kai
+Bok-su, and he began at once to lay plans for going on a tour.
+
+He first went to the British consul and came back in high spirits with a
+folded paper in his hand. He spread it out on the library table before A
+Hoa and Sun-a, who were to go with him, and this is what it said:
+
+British Consulate, Tamsui,
+
+May 27th, 1885.
+
+To THE OFFICER IN CHIEF COMMAND OF THE FRENCH FORCES AT KELUNG:
+
+The bearer of this paper, the Rev. George Leslie Mackay, D.D., a British
+subject, missionary in Formosa, wishes to enter Kelung, to visit his
+chapel and his house there, and to proceed through Kelung to Kap-tsu-lan
+on the east coast of Formosa to visit his converts there. Wherefore I,
+the undersigned, consul for Great Britain at Tamsui, do beg the officer
+in chief command of the French forces in Kelung to grant the said George
+Leslie Mackay entry into, and a free and safe passage through, Kelung.
+He will be accompanied by two Chinese followers, belonging to his
+mission, named, respectively, Giam Chheng Hoa, and Iap Sun. A. FRATER,
+Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at Tamsui.
+
+They had all the power of the British Empire behind them so long as they
+held that paper. Then they hired a burdenbearer to carry their food,
+and Mackay cut a bamboo pole, fully twenty feet long, and on it tied
+the British flag. With this floating over them, the little army marched
+through the rice-fields down to Kelung.
+
+It was an adventurous journey. But, wonderful though it seemed, they
+came through it safely. Poor Kai Bok-su's heart was torn as he saw the
+ravages the mob had made on his churches. But what a cheer his heart
+received when he found that persecution had strengthened the converts
+that were left and everywhere the heathen marveled that men should
+die for the faith the barbarian missionary had taught. They were taken
+prisoners once for German spies, and led far out of their way. But
+they came back to Tamsui safely, having greatly cheered the faithful
+Christians who still were true to their Master, Jesus Christ. It was
+early in June, just one year from the opening of the war, that the
+French sailed away. They were disgusted with the whole affair, the
+commander of one vessel told Dr. Mackay, and they were all very glad it
+was over.
+
+Mr. and Mrs. Jamieson and Dr. Mackay's family returned to their homes on
+the bluff, and work started up again with its old vigor.
+
+But everywhere the heathen were in great glee. Christianity had been
+destroyed with the chapels, they were sure. Wherever Mackay went, shouts
+of derision followed him, and everywhere he could hear the joyful cry
+"Long-tsong bo-khi!" which meant "The mission is wiped out!"
+
+But strange though it may seem, the mission had never been stronger, and
+it soon began to assert itself. Dr. Mackay went at the work of repairing
+the lost buildings with all the force of his nature. First, he and Mr.
+Jamieson and A Hoa sat down and prepared a statement of their losses.
+This they sent to the commander-in-chief of the Chinese forces, who had
+been responsible for law and order. Without any delay or questioning
+of the missionaries' rights, the general sent Dr. Mackay the sum asked
+for--ten thousand Mexican dollars. (*)
+
+     *About $5000.
+
+The next thing was to plan the new chapels and see to the building of
+them. And before the shouts of "Long-tsong bo-khi" had well started,
+they began to be contradicted by walls of brick or stone that rose up
+strong and sure to show that the mission had not been wiped out. Three
+of the chapels were commenced all at once--at Sintiam, at Bang-kah and
+at Sek-khau. Before anything was done Dr. Mackay and a party of his
+students went up to Sin-tiam to look over the site. They stood up on the
+pile of ruins, surrounded by the Christians, and a crowd of heathen came
+around gleefully to watch them in the hopes of seeing their despair.
+
+But to their amazement the little company of Christians led by the
+wonderful Kai Bok-su, suddenly burst into a hymn of praise to God who
+had brought them safely through all their troubles:
+
+Bless, O my soul, the Lord thy God, And not forgetful be Of all his
+gracious benefits He hath bestowed on thee!
+
+The heathen listened in wonder to the words of praise where they had
+expected lamentation, and they asked each other what was this strange
+power that made men so strong and brave.
+
+And their amazement grew as the chapels, the lovely new chapels of stone
+or brick, began to rise from the ruins of the old ones. And not only did
+the old ones reappear, new and more beautiful, but as Dr. Mackay and
+his native preachers went here and there over the country others peeped
+forth like the hepaticas of springtime, until there were not only the
+forty original chapels, but in a few years the number had increased to
+sixty.
+
+The triumphant shout that the mission had been wiped out ceased
+completely, and the people declared that they had been fools to try
+to destroy the chapels, for the result had been only bigger and better
+ones.
+
+"Look now," said one old heathen, pointing a withered finger to the
+handsome spire of the Bang-kah chapel, that lifted itself toward the
+sky, "Look now, the chapel towers above our temple. It is larger than
+the one we destroyed."
+
+His neighbors crowding about him and gazing up with superstitious awe at
+the spire, agreed.
+
+"If we touch this one he will build another and a bigger one," remarked
+another man.
+
+"We cannot stop the barbarian missionary," said the old heathen with an
+air of conviction.
+
+"No, no one can stop the great Kai Boksu," they finally agreed, and so
+they left off all opposition in despair.
+
+Yes, the cry of "Long-tsong bo-khi" had died, and the answer to it was
+inscribed on the front of the splendid chapels that sprang up all over
+north Formosa. For, just above the main entrance to each, worked out
+in stucco plaster, was a picture of the burning bush, and around it in
+Chinese the grand old motto:
+
+"Nec tamen consumebatur" ("Yet it was not consumed.")
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XII. TRIUMPHAL MARCH
+
+Up and down the length and breadth of north Formosa, seeming to be
+in two or three places at once, went Kai Bok-su, during this time of
+reviving after the war. He would be in Kelung to-day superintending
+the new chapel building, in Tamsui at Oxford College the next day, in
+Bangkah preaching a short while after, and no one could tell just
+where the next day.
+
+But every one did know that wherever he went, Christians grew stronger
+and heathen gave up their idols. The Kap-tsu-lan plain, away on the
+eastern coast, seemed to be a sort of pet among all his mission fields,
+and he was always turning his steps thither. For the Pe-pohoan who lived
+there, while they were simple and warm-hearted and easily moved by the
+gospel story, were not such strong characters as the Chinese. So the
+missionary felt he must visit them often to help steady their faith.
+
+Not long after the close of the war, he set off on a trip to the
+Kap-tsu-lan plain. Besides his students, he was accompanied by a young
+German scientist Dr. Warburg had come from Germany to Formosa to collect
+peculiar plants and flowers and to find any old weapons or relics of
+interest belonging to the savage tribes. All these were for the use of
+the university in Germany which had sent him out.
+
+The young scientist was delighted with Dr. Mackay and found in him a
+very interesting companion. They met in Kelung, and when Dr. Warburg
+found that Dr. Mackay was going to visit the Kap-tsu-lan plain, he
+joined his party. The stranger found many rare specimens of orchids on
+that trip and several peculiar spear and arrow heads to be taken back as
+curios to Germany. But he found something rarer and more wonderful and
+something for which he had not come to search.
+
+He saw in one place three hundred people gather about their missionary
+and raise a ringing hymn of praise to the God of heaven, of whom they
+had not so much as heard but a few short years before. He visited
+sixteen little chapels and heard clever, brightfaced young Chinese
+preachers stand up in them and tell the old, old story of Jesus and his
+love. And he realized that these things were far more wonderful than the
+rarest curios he could find in all Formosa.
+
+When he bade good-by to Dr. Mackay, he said: "I never saw anything like
+this before. If scientific skeptics had traveled with a missionary as
+I have and witnessed what I have witnessed on this plain, they would
+assume a different attitude toward the heralds of the cross."
+
+Not many months later Dr. Mackay again went down the eastern coast. This
+time he took three of his closest friends, all preacher students, Tan
+be, Sun-a, and Koa Kau. With a coolie to carry provisions, their
+Bibles, their forceps, and some malaria medicine, they started off fully
+equipped.
+
+By steam launch to Bang-kah, by a queer little railway train to
+Tsui-tng-kha and by foot to Kelung was the first part of the journey.
+The next part was a tramp over the mountains to Kap-tsu-lan.
+
+The road now grew rough and dangerous. Overhead hung loose rocks, huge
+enough to crush the whole party should they fall. Underneath were wet,
+slippery stones which might easily make one go sliding down into the
+chasm below.
+
+As usual on this trip they had many hairbreadth escapes, for there were
+savages too hiding up in the dense forest and waiting an opportunity to
+spring out upon the travelers. Dr. Mackay was almost caught in a small
+avalanche also. He leaped over a narrow stream-bed, and as he did so,
+he dislodged a loose mass of rock above him. It came down with a fearful
+crash, scattering the smaller pieces right upon his heels; but they
+passed all dangers safely and toward evening reached the shore where
+the great long Pacific billows rolled upon the sand. They were in the
+Kap-tsu-lan plain.
+
+Their journey through the plain was like a triumphal march. Wherever a
+chapel had been erected, there were converts to be examined; wherever
+there was no chapel, the people gathered about the missionary and
+pleaded for one. They often recalled the first visit of Kai Bok-su when
+"No room for barbarians" were the only words that met him.
+
+But Dr. Mackay wished to go farther on this journey than he had ever
+gone. Some distance south of Kap-tsu-lan lay another district called the
+Ki-lai plain. The people here were also aborigines of the island who had
+been conquered by the Chinese like the Pepo-hoan. But the inhabitants of
+Ki-lai were called Lam-si-hoan, which means "Barbarians of the south."
+Dr. Mackay had never been among them, but they had heard the gospel. A
+missionary from Oxford College had journeyed away down there to tell the
+people about Jesus and had been working among them for some years. He
+was not a graduate, not even a student--but only the cook! For Oxford
+College was such a place of inspiration under Kai Bok-su, that even the
+servants in the kitchen wanted to go out and preach the gospel. So the
+cook had gone away to the Ki-lai plain, and, ever since he had left, Dr.
+Mackay had longed to go and see how his work was prospering.
+
+So at one of the most southerly points of the Kap-tsu-lan plain he
+secured a boat for the voyage south. The best he could get was a small
+craft quite open, only twelve feet long. It was not a very fine vessel
+with which to brave the Pacific Ocean, but where was the crazy craft
+in which Kai Bok-su would not embark to go and tell the gospel to the
+heathen? The boat was manned by six Pe-po-hoan rowers, all Christians,
+and at five o'clock in the evening they pushed out into the surf of So
+Bay. A crowd of converts came down to the shore to bid them farewell. As
+the boat shoved off the friends on the beach started a hymn. The rowers
+and the missionaries caught it up and the two groups joined, the
+sound of each growing fainter and fainter to the other as the distance
+widened.
+
+All lands to God in joyful sounds Aloft your voices raise, Sing forth
+the honor of his name, And glorious make his praise!
+
+And the land and the sea, answering each other, joined in praise to him
+who was the Maker of both.
+
+And so the rowers pulled away in time to the swing of the Psalm, the
+boat rounded a point, and the beloved figure of Kai Bok-su disappeared
+from sight.
+
+Away down the coast the oarsmen pulled, and the four missionaries
+squeezed themselves into as small a space as possible to be out of the
+way of the oars. All the evening they rowed steadily, and as they still
+swept along night came down suddenly. They kept close to the shore,
+where to their right arose great mountains straight up from the water's
+edge. They were covered with forest, and here and there in the blackness
+fires twinkled.
+
+"Head-hunters!" said the helmsman, pointing toward them.
+
+Away to the left stretched the Pacific Ocean, and above shone the stars
+in the deep blue dome. It was a still, hot tropical night. From the land
+came the heavy scent of flowers. The only sound that broke the stillness
+was the regular thud, thud of the oars or the cry of some wild animal
+floating out from the jungle. As they passed on through the warm
+darkness, the sea took on that wonderful fiery glow that so often
+burns on the oceans of the tropics. Every wave became a blaze of
+phosphorescence. Every ripple from the oars ran away in many-colored
+flames--red, green, blue, and orange. Kai Bok-su, sitting amazed at the
+glory to which the Pe-po-hoan boatmen had become accustomed, was silent
+with awe. He had seen the phosphorescent lights often before, but never
+anything like this. He put his hand down into the molten sea and scooped
+up handfuls of what seemed drops of liquid fire. And as his fingers
+dipped into the water they shone like rods of red-hot iron. Over the
+gleaming iridescent surface, sparks of fire darted like lightning, and
+from the little boat's sides flashed out flames of gold and rose and
+amber. It was grand. And no wonder they all joined--Chinese, Malayan,
+and Canadian--in making the dark cliffs and the gleaming sea echo to the
+strains of praise to the One who had created all this glory.
+
+     O come let us sing to the Lord,
+     To him our voices raise With joyful noise,
+     Let us the rock Of our salvation praise.
+     To him the spacious sea belongs,
+     For he the same did make;
+     The dry land also from his hand
+     Its form at first did take.
+
+Dawn came up out of the Pacific with a new glory of light and color that
+dispelled the wonders of the night. It showed the voyagers that they
+were very near a low shore where it would be possible to land. But the
+helmsman shook his head at the proposal. He pointed out huts along the
+line of forest and figures on the shore. And then with a common
+impulse, the rowers swung round and pulled straight out to sea; for with
+Pe-po-hoan experience they saw at once that here was a savage village,
+and not long would their heads remain on their shoulders should they
+touch land.
+
+The scorching sun soon poured its hot rays upon the tired rowers, but
+they pulled steadily. They too, like Kai Bok-su, were anxious to take
+this great good news of Jesus Christ to those who had not yet learned of
+him. When safely out of reach of the headhunters, they once more turned
+south, and, about noon, tired and hot, at last approached the first port
+of the Ki-lai plain. Every one drew a sigh of relief, for the men had
+been rowing steadily all night and half the day. As they drew near
+Dr. Mackay looked eagerly at the queer village. It appeared to be half
+Chinese and half Lam-si-hoan. It consisted of two rows of small thatched
+houses with a street between nearly two hundred feet wide.
+
+The rowers ran the boat up on the sloping pebbly beach and all stepped
+out with much relief to stretch their stiffened limbs. They had scarcely
+done so when a military officer came down the shore and approaching Dr.
+Mackay made him welcome with the greatest warmth. There was a military
+encampment here, and this was the officer as well as the headman of the
+village. He invited Dr. Mackay and his friends to take dinner with him.
+Dr. Mackay accepted with pleased surprise. This was far better than
+he had expected. He was still more surprised to hear his name on every
+hand.
+
+"It is the great Kai Bok-su," could be heard in tones of deepest respect
+from fishermen at their nets and old women by the door and children
+playing with their kites in the wide street.
+
+"How do they know me?" he asked, as he was greeted by a rice-seller,
+sitting at the open front of his shop.
+
+"Ah, we have heard of you and your work in the north, Pastor Mackay,"
+said his host, smiling, "and our people want to hear of this new
+Jehovah-religion too."
+
+The cook-missionary had evidently spread wonderful reports of Kai
+Bok-su and his gospel and so prepared the way. He was preaching just
+then in a place called Ka-le-oan, farther inland. When the officer
+learned that Dr. Mackay wanted to visit him he turned to his servant
+with a most surprising order. It was to saddle his pony and bring him
+for Kai Bok-su to ride to Ka-le-oan.
+
+The pony came, sleek and plump and with a string of jingling bells
+adorning him. A pony was a wonderful sight in Formosa, and Dr. Mackay
+had not used any sort of animal in his work since that disastrous day
+when he had tried in vain to ride the stubborn Lu-a. But now he gladly
+mounted the sedate little steed and trotted away along the narrow
+pathway between the rice-fields toward Ka-le-oan.
+
+Darkness had almost descended when he rode into the village and stopped
+before a small grass-covered bamboo dwelling where the cook-preacher
+lived. For years the people here had looked for Kai Bok-su's coming, for
+years they had talked of this great event, and for years their preacher
+had been writing and saying as he received his reply from the eager
+missionary in Tamsui, "He may come soon."
+
+And now he was really here! The sound of his horse's bells had scarcely
+stopped before the preacher's house, when the news began to spread
+like fire through the village. The preacher, who had worked so hard
+and waited so long, wept for joy, and before he could make Dr. Mackay
+welcome in a proper manner the room was filled with men, all wildly
+eager for a sight of the great Kai Bok-su, while outside a crowd
+gathered about the door striving to get even a glimpse of him. The
+ex-cook of Oxford College had preached so faithfully that many were
+already converted to Christianity, many more knew a good deal of the
+gospel, and crowds were ready to throw away their idols. They were
+weary of their heathen rites and superstitions. They were longing for
+something better, they scarcely knew what. "But the mandarin will not
+let them become Christians," said the preacher anxiously. "It is he who
+is keeping them from decision. He has said that they must continue in
+idolatry, as a token of loyalty to China."
+
+"Are you sure that is true?" cried Dr. Mackay.
+
+The converts nodded. They had "heard" it said at least.
+
+But Kai Bok-su was not the man to accept mere hearsay. He was always
+wisely careful to avoid any collision with the authorities. But
+remembering the kindness shown him back in Hoe-lien-kang, he could not
+quite believe that the mandarin who had been so kind to him could be
+hostile to the religion of Jesus Christ.
+
+To think was to act, and early the next morning, he was riding back to
+the seacoast, to inquire how much of this rumor was true.
+
+His reception was very warm. It was all right, the officer declared.
+Whatever had been said or done in the past must be forgotten. Kai Bok-su
+might go where he pleased and preach his Jehovah-religion to whomsoever
+he would.
+
+It was a very light-hearted rider the pony carried as he galloped back
+along the narrow paths, with the good news for the villagers. The word
+went round as soon as he arrived. Kai Bok-su wanted to know how many
+were for the true God. All who would worship him were at once to clear
+their houses of idols and declare that they would serve Jehovah and him
+only. At dark a great crowd gathered in an open space in the village.
+Representatives from five villages were there, chiefs were shouting to
+their people, and when Dr. Mackay and his students arrived, the place
+was all noise and confusion. He was puzzled. It almost looked as if
+there was to be a riot, though the voices did not sound angry.
+
+He climbed up on a pile of rubbish and his face shone clear in the light
+of the flaring torches. His voice rang out loud and commanding above the
+tumult.
+
+"What is this noise about?" he cried. "Is there a difference of opinion
+among you as to whether you shall worship these poor toys of wood and
+stone, or the true God who is your Father?"
+
+He paused and as if from one man came back the answer in a mighty shout:
+
+"No, we will worship the true God!"
+
+The tumult had been one of enthusiasm and not of dispute!
+
+Kai Bok-su's heart gave a great bound. For a moment he could not speak.
+He who had so often stood up fearless and bold before a raging heathen
+mob, now faltered before this sea of eager faces, upturned to him.
+It seemed too good to be true that all this crowd, representing five
+villages, was anxious to become followers of the God of heaven. His
+voice grew steady at last, and standing up there in the flickering
+torchlight he told those children of the plain what it meant to be a
+follower of Jesus Christ. It was a late hour when the meeting broke up,
+but even then Dr. Mackay could not go to bed. Never since the day that A
+Hoa, his first convert, had accepted Jesus Christ as his Savior, had
+he felt such joy, and all night he walked up and down in front of the
+preacher's house, unable to sleep for the thankfulness to God that
+surged in his heart.
+
+Morning brought a wonderful day for the Ki-lai plain. It was like a day
+when freedom from slavery was announced. Had there been bells in the
+village they would certainly have been rung. But joy bells were ringing
+in every heart. Nobody could work all day. The rice-fields and the shops
+and the pottery works lay idle. There was but one business to do that
+day, and that was to get rid of their idols.
+
+Early in the morning the mayor of the place, or the headman as he was
+called, came to the house to invite the missionary and his party to join
+him. Behind him walked four big boys, carrying two large wicker baskets,
+hanging from poles across their shoulders; and behind them came the
+whole village, men, women, and children, their faces shining with a new
+joy. The procession moved along from house to house. At every place it
+stopped and out from the home were carried idols, ancestral tablets,
+mock-money, flags, incense sticks, and all the stuff used in idol
+worship. These were all emptied into the baskets carried by the boys.
+When even the temple had been ransacked and the work of clearing out the
+idols in the village was finished, the procession moved on to the next
+hamlet. The villages were very near each other, so the journey was not
+wearisome; and at last when every vestige of the old idolatrous life had
+been taken from the homes of five villages, the happy crowd marched back
+to the first village. There was a large courtyard near the temple and
+here the procession halted. The boys dropped their well-filled baskets,
+and their contents were piled in the center of the court. The people
+gathered about the heap and with shouts of joy set fire to these signs
+of their lifelong slavery. Soon the pile was blazing and crackling, and
+all the people, even the chiefs of the villages, vied with each other in
+burning up the idols they had so lately besought for blessings.
+
+And then they turned toward the heathen temple and delivered it over to
+Kai Bok-su for a chapel in which he and his students might preach the
+gospel.
+
+And so the temple was lighted up for a new kind of worship. It had been
+used for worship many, many times before, but oh, how different it was
+this time! Instead of coming in fear of demons, dread of their gods'
+anger, and determination to cheat them if possible, these poor folk
+crowded into the new-old temple with light, happy hearts, as children
+coming to their Father. And was not God their Father, only they had not
+known him before?
+
+The heathen temple was dedicated to the worship of the true God by
+singing the old but always new, one hundredth Psalm. The Lam-si-hoan
+were not very good singers. They had not much idea of tune. They had
+less idea of just when to start, and there was very little to be said
+about the harmony of those hundreds of voices. But in spite of it all,
+Kai Bok-su had to confess that never in the music of his homeland or in
+the more finished harmonies of Europe, had he heard anything so grandly
+uplifting as when those newly-freed people stood up in their idol temple
+and with heart and soul and voice unitedly poured forth in thunderous
+volume of praise the great command:
+
+All people that on earth do dwell, Sing to the Lord with cheerful voice.
+
+For a whole week with his pony and groom, which were still his to do
+with as he pleased, the busy missionary rode up and down this plain,
+visiting the villages, preaching, and teaching the people how to live
+as Jesus Christ their Savior had lived; for it was necessary to impress
+upon their childlike minds that it would be of no use to burn up the
+idols in their homes and temple unless they also gave up the still more
+harmful idols in their hearts.
+
+But at last the day came when the pony had to be returned to its owner
+and the missionary and his helpers must leave. It was a sad day but
+a joyous one--the day that great visit came to an end. Crowds of
+Christians, fain to keep him, followed him down to the shore, and many
+kindly but reluctant hands shoved the little boat out into the surf. And
+as the rowers sent it skimming out over the great Pacific rollers, there
+rose from the beach the parting hymn, the one that had dedicated the
+heathen temple to the worship of the true God:
+
+     All people that on earth do dwell,
+     Sing to the Lord with cheerful voice.
+
+and from the rowers and the missionaries in the boat, came back the glad
+echo:
+
+Know that the Lord is God indeed Without our aid he did us make.
+
+They were soon out of sight. The rowers pulled hard, but a stiff
+northeaster straight from Japan was blowing against them, and they made
+but little headway. Night came down, and they were again skirting those
+dark cliffs, where, here and there, along the narrow strip of sand,
+the night-fires of the savages flamed out against the dark tangle of
+foliage. All night long the rowers struggled against the wind. They were
+afraid to go out far for the waves were wild, they dared not land, for,
+crueler than the sea, the head-hunters waited for them on the shore. And
+so all that night, taking turns with the rowers, the missionary and his
+students toiled against the wind and wave. The dawn came up gray and
+stormy, and they were still tossing about among the white billows. No
+one had touched food for twenty-four hours. They had rice in the boat,
+but there was no place where they dared land to have it cooked. There
+was nothing to do but to pull, pull at the oars, and a weary task it
+seemed, for the boat appeared to make little headway, and the rowers
+barely succeeded in keeping her from being dashed upon the rocks.
+
+They were becoming almost too weak to keep any control over their boat,
+when about three o'clock in the afternoon they managed to round a
+point. There before them curved a beautiful bay. Behind it and on both
+sides arose a perpendicular wall several hundred feet high. At its
+foot stretched a narrow sandy beach. It was an ideal spot, secure from
+savages both by land and sea. A shout of encouragement from Kai Bok-su
+was the one thing needed. Tired arms and aching backs bent to the oars
+for one last effort, and when the boat swept up on the sandy beach every
+one uttered a heartfelt prayer of thankfulness to the Father who had
+provided this little haven in a time of such distress.
+
+The rest of the journey was made safely, and just forty days after their
+departure the four missionaries returned, worn out, to Tamsui.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIII. THE LAND OCCUPIED
+
+But Kai Bok-su had no sooner returned than he was off again. He was not
+one of that sort who could settle down after an achievement, content to
+rest for a little. He seemed to forget all about what had been done
+and was "up and at it again." If he "did not know when he was beaten,"
+neither did he seem to know when he was successful; and like Alexander
+the Great he was always sighing for new worlds to conquer, yes, and
+marching off and conquering them too.
+
+But every time he returned to his work at Tamsui from one of these
+tours, it was borne in upon him more forcibly every day that his
+faithful assistant who was left in charge, could not long shoulder his
+work. Mr. Jamieson was fighting a losing battle with ill health. The
+terrible experiences during the war year, the hard work, and the trying
+Formosan climate had all combined against him. His brave spirit could
+not always sustain the body that was growing gradually weaker, and
+one day, a dark, sad day, the devoted soul was set free from the poor
+pain-racked body. He had given eight years of hard, faithful work to the
+study of the language and to the service of the Master in the mission.
+Mrs. Jamieson returned to Canada, and once more Dr. Mackay faced the
+work, unaided except by native preachers. But he was not daunted even by
+this bereavement, for he always lived in the perfect faith that God was
+on his side.
+
+And then, he had by this time three new assistants in the mission-house
+on the bluff. They did not even guess that they were any help to him,
+for they could never go with him on his mission tours. But by their
+sweet merry ways and their joyous welcome to father, when he returned,
+they did help him greatly, and made his home-comings a delight.
+
+"How many did you baptize, father?" was baby George's inevitable
+question on his father's return. For already the wise toddler had
+learned something of the bitter enmity of the heathen world, and knew
+that converts meant friends. Then father's home-coming meant presents
+too, wonderful things, bows and arrows, rare curios for the museum in
+the college, and, once, a pair of the funniest monkeys in the world,
+which proved most entertaining playthings for the little boy and his two
+sisters. Another time the father brought home a young bear to keep the
+monkeys company, but they were not at all polite to their guest, for
+they made poor bruin's life miserable by teasing him. They would torment
+him until he would stamp with rage. But he was not always badly used,
+for when the three children would come out to feed him, he was very
+happy, and he would show his pleasure by putting his head between his
+paws and rolling over and over like a big ball of fur. And he always
+seemed quite proud of his performance when his three little keepers
+shrieked with laughter.
+
+The next year after Mr. Jamieson's death the empty mission-house was
+once more filled. In September the Rev. Mr. William and Mrs. Gauld
+sailed from Canada, and with their arrival Dr. Mackay took new heart.
+
+The new missionaries had learned the language and their work was well
+under way when the time came round once more for Dr. Mackay to go back
+to Canada for a year's rest. This time there was quite a little party
+went with him: his wife, their three children, and Koa Kau, one of his
+students.
+
+Among those left to assist Mr. Gauld, there was none he relied upon more
+than A Hoa. Mr. Gauld, at the close of his second year's work, wrote of
+this fellow worker: "The longer and better I know him, the more I can
+love him, trust his honesty, and respect his judgment. He knows his
+own people, from the governor of the island to the ragged opium-smoking
+beggar, and has influence with them all."
+
+There were many others besides A Hoa to render the missionary faithful
+help; among them Sun-a and Tan He, the latter pastor of the church of
+Sin-tiam; and just because Kai Bok-su was away they worked the harder,
+that he might receive a good report of them on his return.
+
+The separation was longer this time, for Dr. Mackay wished to send his
+children to school, and he decided that they would remain in Canada
+two years. He was made Moderator of the General Assembly, too, and the
+Church at home needed him to stir them up to a greater desire to help
+those beyond the seas.
+
+While he was working and preaching in Canada, his heart turned always to
+his beloved Formosa, and letters from the friends there were among his
+greatest pleasures. A Hoa's of course, were doubly welcome. Pastor Giam,
+the name by which he was now called, was Mr. Gauld's right-hand helper
+in those days, and once he went alone on a tour away to the eastern
+shore. While there he had an adventure of which he wrote to Kai Bok-su.
+
+"The other morning while walking on the seashore I saw a sailing-vessel
+slowly drifting shoreward and in danger of being wrecked, for there was
+a fog and a heavy sea. I hastened back to the chapel and beat the
+drum to call the villagers to worship. As soon as it was over I asked
+converts and heathen to go in their fishing-boats as quickly as possible
+and let the sailors know they need not fear savages there, and if they
+wished to come ashore a chapel would be given them to stay in. The
+whole crew came ashore in the boats at once. I gave your old room to the
+captain, his wife and child, and other accommodation to the rest. I
+then hurried away to a mandarin and asked him to send men to protect the
+ship."
+
+When Kai Bok-su read the story and remembered that, twenty-five years
+earlier, the crew of that vessel would have been murdered and their ship
+plundered, he exclaimed with joy, "Blessed Christianity! Surely,
+
+     Blessings abound where'er He reigns!"
+
+A Hoa had another tale to tell. One afternoon he had a strange
+congregation in that little chapel. There were one hundred and forty-six
+native converts and twenty-one Europeans. These were made up of seven
+nationalities, British, American, French, Danish, Turkish, Swiss, and
+Norwegian. Their ship was from America and was bound for Hongkong with
+coal-oil.
+
+They were amazed at seeing a pretty, neat chapel away in this
+wild, remote place, which they had always supposed was overrun by
+head-hunters, and indeed it was just that little chapel that had made
+the great change. These men now entered it and joined the natives in
+worshiping the true God, where, only a few years before, their blood
+would have stained the sands.
+
+A Hoa told them something of the great Kai Bok-su and the struggles
+he had had with savages and other enemies, when he first came to this
+region. The visitors were very much interested and did not wonder that
+the name "Kai Bok-su" was held in such reverence. When they left, the
+captain presented the little chapel with a bell, a lamp, and a mirror
+which were on board his ship.
+
+The long months of separation were rolling around, when something
+happened that brought Kai Bok-su back to his island in great haste. Once
+more war swept over Formosa. This time the trouble was between China
+and Japan. The big Empire proved no match for the clever Japanese, and
+everywhere China was forced to give in.
+
+One of the places which Japan set her affections on was Formosa. She
+must have the Beautiful Isle and have it at once. China was in no
+position to say no, so the Chinese envoy went on board a Japanese
+vessel and sailed toward Formosa. When in sight of its lovely mountains,
+without any ceremony he pointed to the land and said, "There it is, take
+it." And that was how Formosa became a province of Japan. At noon on May
+26, 1895, the dragon flag of China was hauled down from Formosan forts
+and the banner of Japan was hoisted.
+
+Of course this was not done without a struggle. The Formosans themselves
+fought hard, and in the fight the Christians came in for times of
+trouble. So Kai Bok-su, hearing that his "valuables" were again in
+danger, set sail for Tamsui.
+
+When he arrived the war was practically over, but everywhere were signs
+of strife. As soon as he was able, he took A Hoa and Koa Kau and visited
+the chapels all over the country. Everywhere were sights to make his
+heart very sad. The Japanese soldiers had used many of the chapels for
+military stables, and they were in a filthy state. At one place the
+native preacher was a prisoner, the Japanese believing him to be a spy.
+At another village the Christians sadly led their missionary out to a
+tea plantation and showed him the place where their beloved pastor had
+been shot by the Japanese soldiers. Mackay stood beside his grave, his
+heart heavy with sorrow.
+
+But his courage never left him. The native Christians everywhere forgot
+their woes in the great joy of seeing him once more; and he joined them
+in a brave attempt to put things to rights once more. The Japanese paid
+for all damages done by their soldiers and in a short time the work was
+going on splendidly.
+
+"We have no fear," wrote Dr. Mackay. "The King of kings is greater than
+Emperor or Mikado. He will rule and overrule all things."
+
+His faith was rewarded, for when the troublous time was over, the
+government of Japan proved better than that of China, and on the whole
+the trial proved a blessing.
+
+Oxford College had been closed while Dr. Mackay was away, and the girls'
+school had not been opened since the war commenced, for it was not
+safe for the girls and women to leave their homes during such disturbed
+times. But now both schools reopened, and again Kai Bok-su with his cane
+and his book and his crowd of students could be seen going up to the
+lecture halls, or away out on the Formosan roads.
+
+He had conquered so often, overcome such tremendous obstacles, and faced
+unflinchingly so many awful dangers for the sake of his converts, that
+it was no wonder that they adored him, their feeling amounting almost
+to worship. "Kai Bok-su says it must be so" was sufficient to compel any
+one in the north Formosa Church to do what was required. Surely never
+before was a man so wonderfully rewarded in this life. He had given
+up all he possessed for the glory of his Master and he had his full
+compensation.
+
+A few happy years sped round. The time for him to go back home again was
+drawing near when there came the first hint that he might soon be called
+on a longer furlough than he would have in Canada.
+
+At first, when the dread suspicion began to be whispered in the halls
+of Oxford College and in the chapel gatherings throughout the country,
+people refused to believe it. Kai Bok-su ill? No, no, it was only the
+malaria, and he always arose from that and went about again. It could
+not be serious.
+
+But in spite of the fact that loving hearts refused to accept it, there
+was no use denying the sad fact. There was something wrong with Kai
+Bok-su. For months his voice had been growing weaker, the doctors had
+examined his throat, and attended him, but it was all of no use. At last
+he could not speak at all, but wrote his words on a slate.
+
+And everywhere in north Formosa, converts and students and preachers
+watched and waited and prayed most fervently that he might soon recover.
+Those who lived in Tamsui whispered to each other in tones of dread,
+as they watched him come and go with slower steps than they had been
+accustomed to see.
+
+"He will be well next month," they would say hopefully, or, "He
+will look like himself when the rains dry." But little by little the
+conviction grew that the beloved missionary was seriously ill, and a
+great gloom settled all over north Formosa. There was a little gleam of
+joy when the doctor in Tamsui advised him finally to go to Hongkong and
+see a specialist He went, leaving many loving hearts waiting anxiously
+between hope and fear to hear what the doctors would say. And prayers
+went up night and day from those who loved him. From the heart-broken
+wife in the lonely house on the bluff to the farthest-off convert on
+the Ki-lai plain, every Christian on the island, even those in the south
+Formosa mission, prayed that the useful life might be spared.
+
+But God had other and greater plans for Kai Bok-su. He came back from
+Hongkong, and the first look at his pale face told the dreaded truth. The
+shadow of death lay on it.
+
+Those were heart-breaking days in north Formosa. From all sides came
+such messages of devotion that it seemed as if the passionate love of
+his followers must hold him back. But a stronger love was calling him
+on. And one bright June day, in 1901, when the green mountainsides, the
+blue rivers, and the waving rice-fields of Formosa lay smiling in the
+sun, Kai Bok-su heard once more that call that had brought him so far
+from home. Once more he obeyed, and he opened his eyes on a new glory
+greater than any of which he had ever dreamed. The task had been a hard
+one. The "big stone" had been stubborn, but it had been broken, and not
+long after the noontide of his life the tired worker was called home.
+
+They laid his poor, worn body up on the hill above the river, beside
+the bodies of the Christians he had loved so well. And the soft Formosan
+grass grew over his grave, the winds roared about it, and the river and
+the sea sang his requiem.
+
+Gallant Kai Bok-su! As he rests up there on his wind-swept height, there
+are hearts in the valleys and on the plains of his beloved Formosa and
+in his far-off native land that are aching for him. And sometimes to
+these last comes the question "Was it well?" Was it well that he should
+wear out that splendid life in such desperate toil among heathen that
+hated and reviled him? And from every part of north Formosa, sounding on
+the wind, comes many an answer.
+
+Up from the damp rice-fields, where the farmer goes to and fro in the
+gray dawn, arises a song:
+
+I'm not ashamed to own my Lord, Or to defend his cause.
+
+Far away on the mountainside, the once savage mother draws her little
+one to her and teaches him, not the old lesson of bloodshed, but the
+older one of love and kindness, and together they croon:
+
+Jesus loves me, this I know, For the Bible tells me so.
+
+And up from scores of chapels dotting the land, comes the sound of the
+old, old story of Jesus and his love, preached by native Formosans, and
+from the thousand tongues of their congregations soars upward the Psalm:
+
+All people that on earth do dwell, Sing to the Lord with cheerful voice!
+
+These all unite in one great harmony, replying, "It is well!"
+
+But is it well with the work? What of his Beautiful Island, now that Kai
+Bok-su has left for a greater work in a more beautiful land? Yes, it is
+well also with Formosa. The work goes on.
+
+There are two thousand, one hundred members now in the four organized
+congregations, and over fifty mission stations and outstations. But
+better still there are in addition twenty-two hundred who have forsaken
+their idols and are being trained to become church-members. The Formosa
+Church out of its poverty gives liberally too. In 1911 they contributed
+more than thirty-five hundred dollars to Christian work. "Every year,"
+writes Mr. Jack, "a special collection is taken by the Church for the
+work among the Ami--the aborigines of the Ki-lai plain." This is the
+foreign mission of the north Formosa Church.
+
+A Hoa lately followed his pastor to the home above, but many others
+remain. Mr. Gauld and his family are still there, in the front of the
+battle, and with him is a fine corps of soldiers, comprising fifty-nine
+native and several Canadian missionaries, including the Rev. Dr. J. Y.
+Ferguson and his wife, the Rev. Milton Jack and Mrs. Jack, the Rev. and
+Mrs. Duncan MacLeod, Miss J. M. Kinney, Miss Hannah Connell, Miss Mabel
+G. Clazie, and Miss Lily Adair. Miss Isabelle J. Elliott, a graduate
+nurse, and deaconess, will join the staff shortly, and a few others
+will be sent when secured, in order that the force may be sufficient to
+evangelize the million people in north Formosa.
+
+Mrs. Mackay and her two daughters, Helen and Mary, the latter having
+married native preachers, Koa Kau and Tan He, are keeping up the work
+that husband and father left. A new hospital is being built under Dr.
+Ferguson, and plans are on foot for new school and college buildings.
+
+And the latest arrived missionary? What of him? Why his name is George
+Mackay, and he has just sailed from Canada as the first Mackay sailed
+forty-one years earlier. He has been nine years in Canada and the United
+States, at school and college, and now with his Canadian wife, has gone
+back to his native land. Yes, Kai Bok-su's son has gone out to carry on
+his father's work, and Formosa has welcomed him as no other missionary
+has been welcomed since Kai Bok-su's day.
+
+But these are not all. From far across the sea, in the land where Kai
+Bok-su lived his boyhood days, comes a voice. It is the echo from the
+hearts of other boys, who have read his noble life. And their answer is,
+"We too will go out, as he went, and fight and win!"
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Black-Bearded Barbarian (George
+Leslie Mackay), by Mary Esther Miller MacGregor, AKA Marion Keith
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BLACK-BEARDED BARBARIAN ***
+
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