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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Attempted Assassination of ex-President
+Theodore Roosevelt, by Oliver Remey and Henry Cochems and Wheeler Bloodgood
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Attempted Assassination of ex-President Theodore Roosevelt
+
+Author: Oliver Remey
+        Henry Cochems
+        Wheeler Bloodgood
+
+Release Date: April 30, 2007 [EBook #21261]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by V. L. Simpson and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: THEODORE ROOSEVELT].
+
+
+
+THE ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION
+
+_of_
+
+EX-PRESIDENT
+
+Theodore Roosevelt
+
+
+
+Written, Compiled, and Edited by
+
+OLIVER E. REMEY
+HENRY F. COCHEMS
+WHEELER P. BLOODGOOD
+
+
+
+
+Published by
+
+THE PROGRESSIVE PUBLISHING COMPANY
+of Milwaukee, Wisconsin
+
+Copyright.
+1912,
+by O. E. Remey, Milwaukee
+
+
+
+LIBRARY EDITION.
+
+A Library Edition of this book is in the hands of the printers and will
+be issued shortly.
+
+This edition will be bound in hard cover. The volume will be neatly
+bound and suitable for public and private libraries.
+
+The Library Edition will be limited in number.
+
+Those who desire a copy will be mailed a copy as soon as the edition
+is off the press, if they will send one dollar to the Progressive
+Publishing Company of Milwaukee, Wis., Room 600 Caswell Block,
+Milwaukee.
+
+The demand for this edition is rapidly exhausting it.
+
+
+
+THIS HISTORICAL NARRATIVE
+IS DEDICATED TO
+EX-PRESIDENT THEODORE ROOSEVELT
+THE GREATEST AMERICAN
+OF HIS TIME.
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
+
+
+                                                                PAGE.
+
+Theodore Roosevelt                                       Frontispiece
+
+Shirts Worn by the Ex-President                                    18
+
+Page of Ex-President's Manuscript                                  24
+
+X-Ray Photograph Showing Bullet                                    32
+
+John Flammang Schrank                                              40
+
+Page One of Schrank's Letter                                       50
+
+Page Two of Schrank's Letter                                       60
+
+Capt. A. O. Girard                                                 70
+
+Elbert E. Martin                                                   80
+
+Automobile in Which Ex-President Roosevelt Was Shot                90
+
+Johnston Emergency Hospital                                       100
+
+Judge August C. Backus                                            110
+
+District Attorney Winifred C. Zabel                               120
+
+Dr. Joseph Colt Bloodgood                                         130
+
+Dr. R. G. Sayle                                                   140
+
+John T. Janssen, Chief of Police                                  150
+
+Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt                                           160
+
+Members of Sanity Commission                                      170
+
+Hotel Gilpatrick                                                  180
+
+Schrank in County Jail                                            190
+
+Henry F. Cochems                                                  199
+
+James G. Flanders, Schrank's Attorney                             236
+
+
+
+
+TABLE OF CONTENTS.
+
+
+                                                                PAGE.
+
+Preface                                                             9
+
+Chronology                                                         11
+
+Chapter I.     The Shot is Fired                                   15
+
+Chapter II.    Speaks to Great Audience                            25
+
+Chapter III.   Roosevelt in the Emergency                          51
+
+Chapter IV.    Careful of Collar Buttons                           57
+
+Chapter V.     Arrival at Mercy Hospital                           64
+
+Chapter VI.    Gets Back into Campaign                             74
+
+Chapter VII.   Back at Sagamore Hill                               82
+
+Chapter VIII.  Arrest, Appears in Court                            91
+
+Chapter IX.    Appears in Municipal Court                          99
+
+Chapter X.     Schrank Declared Insane                            105
+
+Chapter XI.    Shows Repentance But Once                          112
+
+Chapter XII.   Schrank Before Chief                               117
+
+Chapter XIII.  Witnesses of the Shooting                          132
+
+Chapter XIV.   A Second Examination                               153
+
+Chapter XV.    Report of the Alienists                            192
+
+Chapter XVI.   Finding of the Alienists                           195
+
+Chapter XVII.  Schrank Describes Shooting                         202
+
+Chapter XVIII. Conclusion of Commission                           208
+
+Chapter XIX.   Schrank Discusses Visions                          210
+
+Chapter XX.    Schrank's Defense                                  213
+
+Chapter XXI.   Schrank's Unwritten Laws                           224
+
+Chapter XXII.  Unusual Court Precedent                            235
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+At 8:10 o'clock on the night of Oct. 14, 1912, a shot was fired the
+echo of which swept around the entire world in thirty minutes.
+
+An insane man attempted to end the life of the only living ex-president
+of the United States and the best known American.
+
+The bullet failed of its mission.
+
+Col. Theodore Roosevelt, carrying the leaden missile intended as a
+pellet of death in his right side, has recovered. He is spared for many
+more years of active service for his country.
+
+John Flammang Schrank, the mad man who fired the shot, is in the
+Northern Hospital for the Insane at Oshkosh, Wis., pronounced by a
+commission of five alienists a paranoiac. If he recovers he will face
+trial for assault with intent to kill.
+
+This little book presents an accurate story of the attempt upon the
+life of the ex-president. The aim of those who present it is that,
+being an accurate narrative, it shall be a contribution to the history
+of the United States.
+
+This book is written, compiled and edited by Henry F. Cochems, Chairman
+of the national speakers' bureau of the Progressive party during the
+1912 campaign, and who was with Col. Roosevelt in the automobile when
+the ex-president was shot, Wheeler P. Bloodgood, Wisconsin
+representative of the National Progressive committee, and Oliver E.
+Remey, city editor of the Milwaukee Free Press, who necessarily
+followed all incidents of the shooting closely.
+
+The story told is an historical narrative in the preparation of which
+accuracy never has been lost sight of.
+
+
+
+
+CHRONOLOGY.
+
+
+October 14, 1912--At 8:10 o'clock P.M., John Flammang Schrank, of New
+York, a paranoiac, shoots ex-President Theodore Roosevelt in the right
+side with a 38-caliber bullet as the ex-President is standing in an
+automobile in front of Hotel Gilpatrick, Milwaukee. Schrank is
+immediately arrested, after a struggle to recover the revolver and
+protect him from violence. Col. Roosevelt, bleeding from his wound, is
+driven to the Auditorium, Milwaukee, and speaks to an audience of 9,000
+for eighty minutes. Immediately after his speech he is taken to the
+Johnston Emergency hospital, Milwaukee, where his wound is dressed. At
+12:30 o'clock he is taken on a special train to Chicago, then to Mercy
+hospital.
+
+October 15, 1912--Schrank is arraigned in District court, Milwaukee,
+and admits having fired the shot. He is bound over to Municipal court
+for preliminary hearing.
+
+October 18, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt passes crisis in Mercy
+hospital, Chicago.
+
+October 21, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt leaves Chicago for his home at
+Oyster Bay, R.I.
+
+October 22, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt reaches home after a trip not
+seriously impairing his condition.
+
+October 26, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt takes first walk out of doors.
+
+October 27, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt celebrates his fifty-fourth
+birthday.
+
+October 30, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt speaks to an audience of
+16,000 in Madison Square Garden, New York, over 30,000 having been
+turned away. He is given an ovation lasting forty-five minutes.
+
+November 1, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt again speaks to an audience
+filling Madison Square Garden. But for his request that it cease so
+that he could speak, the ovation would have exceeded that of October
+30.
+
+November 3, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt makes his last campaign speech
+at Oyster Bay, R.I.
+
+November 5, 1912--Ex-President Roosevelt votes at Oyster Bay, R.I.
+
+November 12, 1912--John Flammang Schrank pleads guilty to assault with
+intent to murder before Judge August C. Backus in Municipal court,
+Milwaukee. Judge Backus appoints a commission of five Milwaukee
+alienists to determine, as officers of the court, Schrank's sanity.
+
+November 14, 1912--The sanity commission begins examinations of
+Schrank.
+
+November 22, 1912--The sanity commission reports to Judge A. C. Backus
+in Municipal court, Milwaukee, that Schrank is insane and was insane at
+the time he shot ex-President Roosevelt. Schrank is committed to the
+Northern Hospital for the Insane at Oshkosh, Wis. Judge Backus in
+making the commitment orders that in the event of recovery Schrank
+shall face trial on the charge of assault with intent to kill.
+
+November 25, 1912--Schrank is taken to the Northern Hospital for the
+Insane, Oshkosh, Wis., by deputies from the office of the sheriff of
+Milwaukee county.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER I.
+
+THE SHOT IS FIRED.
+
+RELATED BY HENRY F. COCHEMS AFTER THE SHOOTING.
+
+
+At 8:10 o'clock on the night of Oct. 14, 1912, an attempt was made to
+assassinate Ex-President Theodore Roosevelt in the city of Milwaukee.
+Col. Roosevelt had dined at the Hotel Gilpatrick with the immediate
+members of his traveling party. The time having arrived to leave for
+the Auditorium, where he was due to speak, he left his quarters, and,
+emerging from the front of the hotel, crossing the walk, stepped into a
+waiting automobile.
+
+Instantly that he appeared a wild acclaim of applause and welcome
+greeted him. He settled in his seat, but, responsive to the persistent
+roar of the crowd, which extended in dense masses for over a block in
+every direction, he rose in acknowledgement, raising his hat in salute.
+
+At this instant there cracked out the vicious report of a pistol shot,
+the flash of the gun showing that the would-be assassin had fired from
+a distance of only four or five feet.
+
+Instantly there was a wild panic and confusion. Elbert E. Martin, one
+of Col. Roosevelt's stenographers, a powerful athlete and ex-football
+player, leaped across the machine and bore the would-be assassin to the
+ground. At the same moment Capt. A. O. Girard, a former Rough Rider and
+bodyguard of the ex-President, and several policemen were upon him.
+Col. Roosevelt's knees bent just a trifle, and his right hand reached
+forward on the door of the car tonneau. Then he straightened himself
+and reached back against the upholstered seat, but in the same instant
+he straightened himself, he again raised his hat, a reassuring smile
+upon his face, apparently the coolest and least excited of any one in
+the frenzied mob, who crowding in upon the man who fired the shot,
+continued to call out:
+
+"Kill him, kill him."
+
+I had stepped into the car beside Col. Roosevelt, about to take my seat
+when the shot was fired. Throwing my arm about the Colonel's waist, I
+asked him if he had been hit, and after Col. Roosevelt saying in an
+aside, "He pinked me, Harry," called out to those who were wildly
+tearing at the would-be assassin:
+
+"Don't hurt him; bring him to me here!"
+
+The sharp military tone of command was heard in the midst of the
+general uproar, and Martin, Girard and the policemen dragged Schrank
+toward where Mr. Roosevelt stood. Arriving at the side of the car, the
+revolver, grasped by three or four hands of men struggling for
+possession, was plainly visible, and I succeeded in grasping the barrel
+of the revolver, and finally in getting it from the possession of a
+detective. Mr. Martin says that Schrank still had his hands on the
+revolver at that time. The Colonel then said:
+
+"Officers, take charge of him, and see that there is no violence done
+to him."
+
+The crowd had quickly cleared from in front of the automobile, and we
+drove through, Col. Roosevelt waving a hand, the crowd now
+half-hysterical with frenzied excitement.
+
+After rounding the corner I drew the revolver from my overcoat pocket
+and saw that it was a 38-caliber long which had been fired. As the
+Colonel looked at the revolver he said:
+
+"A 38-Colt has an ugly drive."
+
+Mr. McGrath, one of the Colonel's secretaries riding at his right side,
+said:
+
+"Why, Colonel, you have a hole in your overcoat. He has shot you."
+
+The Colonel said:
+
+"I know it," and opened his overcoat, which disclosed his white linen,
+shirt, coat and vest saturated with blood. We all instantly implored
+and pleaded with the Colonel to drive with the automobile to a
+hospital, but he turned to me with a characteristic smile and said:
+
+"I know I am good now; I don't know how long I may be. This may be my
+last talk in this cause to our people, and while I am good I am going
+to drive to the hall and deliver my speech."
+
+  [Illustration: Shirts Worn by Ex-President Roosevelt Showing Extent
+  of Bleeding from Wound While He Spoke to 9,000 People.]
+
+By the time we had arrived at the hall the shock had brought a pallor
+to his face. On alighting he walked firmly to the large waiting room in
+the back of the Auditorium stage, and there Doctors Sayle, Terrell and
+Stratton opened his shirt, exposing his right breast.
+
+Just below the nipple of his right breast appeared a gaping hole. They
+insisted that under no consideration should he speak, but the Colonel
+asked:
+
+"Has any one a clean handkerchief?"
+
+Some one extending one, he placed it over the wound, buttoned up his
+clothes and said:
+
+"Now, gentlemen, let's go in," and advanced to the front of the
+platform.
+
+I, having been asked to present him to the audience, after admonishing
+the crowd that there was no occasion for undue excitement, said that an
+attempt to assassinate Col. Roosevelt had taken place; that the bullet
+was still in his body, and that he would attempt to make his speech as
+promised.
+
+As the Colonel stepped forward, some one in the audience said audibly:
+
+"Fake," whereupon the Colonel smilingly said:
+
+"No, it's no fake," and opening his vest, the blood-red stain upon his
+linen was clearly visible.
+
+A half-stifled expression of horror swept through the audience.
+
+About the first remark uttered in the speech, as the Colonel grinned
+broadly at the audience, was:
+
+"It takes more than one bullet to kill a Bull Moose. I'm all right, no
+occasion for any sympathy whatever, but I want to take this occasion
+within five minutes after having been shot to say some things to our
+people which I hope no one will question the profound sincerity of."
+
+Throughout his speech, which continued for an hour and twenty minutes,
+the doctors and his immediate staff of friends, sitting closely behind
+him, expected that he might at any moment collapse. I was so persuaded
+of this that I stepped over the front of the high platform to the
+reporters' section immediately beneath where he was speaking, so that I
+might catch him if he fell forward.
+
+These precautions, however, were unnecessary, for, while his speech
+lacked in the characteristic fluency of other speeches, while the shock
+and pain caused his argument to be somewhat labored, yet it was with a
+soldierly firmness and iron determination, which more than all things
+in Roosevelt's career discloses to the country the real Roosevelt, who
+at the close of his official service as President in 1909 left that
+high office the most beloved public figure in our history since Lincoln
+fell, and the most respected citizen of the world. As was said in an
+editorial in the Chicago Evening Post:
+
+    "There is no false sentiment here; there is no self-seeking. The
+    guards are down. The soul of the man stands forth as it is. In the
+    Valley of the Shadow his own simple declaration of his sincerity,
+    his own revelation of the unselfish quality of his devotion to the
+    greatest movement of his generation, will be the standard by which
+    history will pass upon Theodore Roosevelt its final judgment. This
+    much they cannot take from him, no matter whether he is now to live
+    or to die."
+
+To the men of America, who either love or hate Roosevelt personally,
+these words from his speech must carry an imperishable lesson:
+
+"The bullet is in me now, so that I cannot make a very long speech. But
+I will try my best.
+
+"And now, friends, I want to take advantage of this incident to say as
+solemn a word of warning as I know how to my fellow Americans.
+
+"First of all, I want to say this about myself: I have altogether too
+many important things to think of to pay any heed or feel any concern
+over my own death.
+
+"Now I would not speak to you insincerely within five minutes of being
+shot. I am telling you the literal truth when I say that my concern is
+for many other things. It is not in the least for my own life.
+
+"I want you to understand that I am ahead of the game anyway. No man
+has had a happier life than I have had--a happier life in every way.
+
+"I have been able to do certain things that I greatly wished to do, and
+I am interested in doing other things.
+
+"I can tell you with absolute truthfulness that I am very much
+uninterested in whether I am shot or not.
+
+"It was just as when I was colonel of my regiment. I always felt that a
+private was to be excused for feeling at times some pangs of anxiety
+about his personal safety, but I cannot understand a man fit to be a
+colonel who can pay any heed to his personal safety when he is
+occupied, as he ought to be occupied, with the absorbing desire to do
+his duty.
+
+"I am in this cause with my whole heart and soul; I believe in the
+Progressive movement--a movement for the betterment of mankind, a
+movement for making life a little easier for all our people, a movement
+to try to take the burdens off the man and especially the woman in this
+country who is most oppressed.
+
+"I am absorbed in the success of that movement. I feel uncommonly proud
+in belonging to that movement.
+
+"Friends, I ask you now this evening to accept what I am saying as
+absolute truth when I tell you I am not thinking of my own success, I
+am not thinking of my own life or of anything connected with me
+personally."
+
+The disabling of Col. Roosevelt at this tragic moment was a great
+strategic loss in his campaign. The mind of the country was in a
+pronounced state of indecision. He had started at Detroit, Mich., one
+week before and had planned to make a great series of sledge hammer
+speeches upon every vital issue in the campaign, which plan took him to
+the very close of the fight. He had planned to put his strongest
+opponent in a defensive position, the effect of which, now that all is
+over, no man can measure. Stricken down, an immeasurable loss was
+sustained. In the years that lie before, when misjudgment and
+misstatements, which are the petty things born of prejudice, and which
+die with the breath that gives them life, shall have passed away, this
+incident and the soldierly conduct of the brave man who was its victim
+will have a real chastening and wholesome historical significance.
+
+  [Illustration: Page from Ex-President Roosevelt's Manuscript of
+  Speech Showing Bullet Holes.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+SPEAKS TO GREAT AUDIENCE.[1]
+
+
+Standing with his coat and vest opened, holding before him manuscript
+of the speech he had prepared to deliver, through which were two
+perforations by Schrank's bullet, the ex-President was given an ovation
+which shook the mammoth Auditorium, Milwaukee.
+
+      [1] Stenographic Report from The Milwaukee Sentinel.
+
+The audience seemed unable to realize the truth of the statement of
+Henry F. Cochems, who had introduced Col. Roosevelt, that the
+ex-President had been shot. Col. Roosevelt had opened his vest to show
+blood from his wound.
+
+Even then many in the audience did not comprehend that they were
+witnessing a scene destined to go down in history--an ex-President of
+the United States, blood still flowing from the bullet wound of a
+would-be assassin, delivering a speech from manuscript perforated by
+the bullet of the assailant.
+
+Col. Roosevelt said:
+
+"Friends, I shall ask you to be as quiet as possible," he said. "I
+don't know whether you fully understand that I have just been shot, but
+it takes more than that to kill a bull moose. (Cheers.) But fortunately
+I had my manuscript, so you see I was going to make a long speech
+(holds up manuscript with bullet hole) and there is a bullet--there is
+where the bullet went through and it probably saved me from it going
+into my heart. The bullet is in me now, so that I can not make a very
+long speech, but I will try my best. (Cheers.)
+
+"And now, friends, I want to take advantage of this incident and say a
+word of a solemn warning, as I know how to my fellow countrymen. First
+of all, I want to say this about myself: I have altogether too
+important things to think of to feel any concern over my own death, and
+now I can not speak to you insincerely within five minutes of being
+shot. I am telling you the literal truth when I say that my concern is
+for many other things. It is not in the least for my own life. I want
+you to understand that I am ahead of the game, anyway. (Applause and
+cheers.) No man has had a happier life than I have led; a happier life
+in every way. I have been able to do certain things that I greatly
+wished to do and I am interested in doing other things. I can tell you
+with absolute truthfulness that I am very much uninterested in whether
+I am shot or not. It was just as when I was colonel of my regiment. I
+always felt that a private was to be excused for feeling at times some
+pangs of anxiety about his personal safety, but I can not understand a
+man fit to be a colonel who can pay any heed to his personal safety
+when he is occupied as he ought to be occupied with the absorbing
+desire to do his duty. (Applause and cheers.)
+
+"I am in this cause with my whole heart and soul. I believe that the
+progressive movement is for making life a little easier for all our
+people; a movement to try to take the burdens off the men and
+especially the women and children of this country. I am absorbed in the
+success of that movement.
+
+"Friends, I ask you now this evening to accept what I am saying as
+absolutely true, when I tell you I am not thinking of my own success. I
+am not thinking of my life or of anything connected with me personally.
+I am thinking of the movement. I say this by way of introduction
+because I want to say something very serious to our people and
+especially to the newspapers. I don't know anything about who the man
+was who shot me tonight. He was seized at once by one of the
+stenographers in my party, Mr. Martin, and I suppose is now in the
+hands of the police. He shot to kill. He shot--the shot, the bullet
+went in here--I will show you (opened his vest and shows bloody stain
+in the right breast; stain covered the entire lower half of his shirt
+to the waist).
+
+"I am going to ask you to be as quiet as possible for I am not able to
+give the challenge of the bull moose quite as loudly. Now I do not know
+who he was or what party he represented. He was a coward. He stood in
+the darkness in the crowd around the automobile and when they cheered
+me and I got up to bow, he stepped forward and shot me in the darkness.
+
+"Now friends, of course, I do not know, as I say, anything about him,
+but it is a very natural thing that weak and vicious minds should be
+inflamed to acts of violence by the kind of awful mendacity and abuse
+that have been heaped upon me for the last three months by the papers
+in the interest of not only Mr. Debs but of Mr. Wilson and Mr. Taft.
+(Applause and cheers.)
+
+"Friends, I will disown and repudiate any man of my party who attacks
+with such foul slander and abuse any opponent of any other party
+(applause) and now I wish to say seriously to all the daily newspapers,
+to the republican, the democratic and the socialist parties that they
+cannot month in and month out and year in and year out make the kind of
+untruthful, of bitter assault that they have made and not expect that
+brutal violent natures, or brutal and violent characters, especially
+when the brutality is accompanied by a not very strong mind; they
+cannot expect that such natures will be unaffected by it.
+
+"Now friends, I am not speaking for myself at all. I give you my word,
+I do not care a rap about being shot not a rap. (Applause.)
+
+"I have had a good many experiences in my time and this is one of them.
+What I care for is my country. (Applause and cheers.) I wish I were
+able to impress upon my people--our people, the duty to feel strongly
+but to speak the truth of their opponents. I say now, I have never said
+one word against any opponent that I can not--on the stump--that I can
+not defend. I have said nothing that I could not substantiate and
+nothing that I ought not to have said--nothing that I--nothing that
+looking back at I would not say again.
+
+"Now friends, it ought not to be too much to ask that our opponents
+(speaking to some one on the stage) I am not sick at all. I am all
+right. I can not tell you of what infinitesimal importance I regard
+this incident as compared with the great issues at stake in this
+campaign and I ask it not for my sake, not the least in the world, but
+for the sake of our common country, that they make up their minds to
+speak only the truth, and not to use the kind of slander and mendacity
+which if taken seriously must incite weak and violent natures to crimes
+of violence. (Applause.) Don't you make any mistake. Don't you pity me.
+I am all right. I am all right and you can not escape listening to the
+speech either. (Laughter and applause.)
+
+"And now, friends, this incident that has just occurred--this effort to
+assassinate me, emphasizes to a peculiar degree the need of this
+progressive movement. (Applause and cheers.) Friends, every good
+citizen ought to do everything in his or her power to prevent the
+coming of the day when we shall see in this country two recognized
+creeds fighting one another, when we shall see the creed of the
+'Havenots' arraigned against the creed of the 'Haves.' When that day
+comes then such incidents as this tonight will be commonplace in our
+history. When you make poor men--when you permit the conditions to grow
+such that the poor man as such will be swayed by his sense of injury
+against the men who try to hold what they improperly have won, when
+that day comes, the most awful passions will be let loose and it will
+be an ill day for our country.
+
+"Now, friends, what we who are in this movement are endeavoring to do
+is to forestall any such movement by making this a movement for justice
+now--a movement in which we ask all just men of generous hearts to join
+with the men who feel in their souls that lift upward which bids them
+refuse to be satisfied themselves while their fellow countrymen and
+countrywomen suffer from avoidable misery. Now, friends, what we
+progressives are trying to do is to enroll rich or poor, whatever their
+social or industrial position, to stand together for the most
+elementary rights of good citizenship, those elementary rights which
+are the foundation of good citizenship in this great republic of ours.
+
+"My friends are a little more nervous than I am. Don't you waste any
+sympathy on me. I have had an A1 time in life and I am having it now.
+
+"I never in my life had any movement in which I was able to serve with
+such wholehearted devotion as in this; in which I was able to feel as I
+do in this that common weal. I have fought for the good of our common
+country. (Applause.)
+
+"And now, friends, I shall have to cut short much of the speech that I
+meant to give you, but I want to touch on just two or three of the
+points.
+
+"In the first place, speaking to you here in Milwaukee, I wish to say
+that the progressive party is making its appeal to all our fellow
+citizens without any regard to their creed or to their birthplace. We
+do not regard as essential the way in which a man worships his God or
+as being affected by where he was born. We regard it as a matter of
+spirit and purpose. In New York, while I was police commissioner, the
+two men from whom I got the most assistance were Jacob Ries, who was
+born in Denmark and Oliver Van Briesen, who was born in Germany, both
+of them as fine examples of the best and highest American citizenship
+as you could find in any part of this country.
+
+  [Illustration: X-Ray Photograph Showing Bullet as it Remains in
+  Theodore Roosevelt.]
+
+"I have just been introduced by one of your own men here, Henry
+Cochems. His grandfather, his father and that father's seven brothers
+all served in the United States army and they entered it four years
+after they had come to this country from Germany (applause). Two of
+them left their lives, spent their lives on the field of battle--I am
+all right--I am a little sore. Anybody has a right to be sore with a
+bullet in him. You would find that if I was in battle now I would be
+leading my men just the same. Just the same way I am going to make this
+speech.
+
+"At one time I promoted five men for gallantry on the field of battle.
+Afterward it happened to be found in making some inquiries about that I
+found that it happened that two of them were Protestants, two Catholics
+and one a Jew. One Protestant came from Germany and one was born in
+Ireland. I did not promote them because of their religion. It just
+happened that way. If all five of them had been Jews, I would have
+promoted them, or if all five had been Protestants I would have
+promoted them; or if they had been Catholics. In that regiment I had a
+man born in Italy who distinguished himself by gallantry, there was a
+young fellow, a son of Polish parents, and another who came here when
+he was a child from Bohemia, who likewise distinguished themselves, and
+friends, I assure you, that I was incapable of considering any question
+whatever, but the worth of each individual as a fighting man. If he was
+a good fighting man, then I saw that Uncle Sam got the benefit from it.
+That is all. (Applause.)
+
+"I make the same appeal in our citizenship. I ask in our civic life we
+in the same way pay heed only to the man's quality of citizenship to
+repudiate as the worst enemy that we can have whoever tries to get us
+to discriminate for or against any man because of his creed or his
+birthplace.
+
+"Now, friends, in the same way I want our people to stand by one
+another without regard to differences or class or occupation. I have
+always stood by the labor unions. I am going to make one omission
+tonight. I have prepared my speech because Mr. Wilson had seen fit to
+attack me by showing up his record in comparison with mine. But I am
+not going to do that tonight. I am going to simply speak of what I
+myself have done and of what I think ought to be done in this country
+of ours. (Applause.)
+
+"It is essential that there should be organizations of labor. This is
+an era of organization. Capital organizes and therefore labor must
+organize. (Applause.)
+
+"My appeal for organized labor is twofold, to the outsider and the
+capitalist I make my appeal to treat the laborers fairly, to recognize
+the fact that he must organize, that there must be such organization,
+that it is unfair and unjust--that the laboring man must organize for
+his own protection and that it is the duty of the rest of us to help
+him and not hinder him in organizing. That is one-half of the appeal
+that I make.
+
+"Now the other half is to the labor man himself. My appeal to him is to
+remember that as he wants justice, so he must do justice. I want every
+labor man, every labor leader, every organized union man to take the
+lead in denouncing crime or violence. (Applause.) I want them to take
+the lead (applause) in denouncing disorder and inciting riot, that in
+this country we shall proceed under the protection of our laws and with
+all respect to the laws and I want the labor men to feel in their turn
+that exactly as justice must be done them so they must do justice. That
+they must bear their duty as citizens, their duty to this great country
+of ours and that they must not rest content without unless they do that
+duty to the fullest degree. (Interruption.)
+
+"I know these doctors when they get hold of me they will never let me
+go back and there are just a few things more that I want to say to you.
+
+"And here I have got to make one comparison between Mr. Wilson and
+myself simply because he has invited it and I can not shrink from it.
+
+"Mr. Wilson has seen fit to attack me, to say that I did not do much
+against the trusts when I was president. I have got two answers to make
+to that. In the first place what I did and then I want to compare what
+I did while I was president with what Mr. Wilson did not do while he
+was governor. (Applause and laughter.)
+
+"When I took office as president"--(turning to stage) "How long have I
+talked?"
+
+Answer: "Three-quarters of an hour."
+
+"Well, I will take a quarter of an hour more. (Laughter and applause.)
+When I took office the anti-trust law was practically a dead letter and
+the interstate commerce law in as poor a condition. I had to revive
+both laws. I did. I enforced both. It will be easy enough to do now
+what I did then, but the reason that it is easy now is because I did it
+when it was hard. (Applause and cheers.)
+
+"Nobody was doing anything. I found speedily that the interstate
+commerce law by being made more perfect could be a most useful
+instrument for helping solve some of our industrial problems with the
+anti-trust law. I speedily found that almost the only positive good
+achieved by such a successful lawsuit as the Northern Securities suit,
+for instance, was for establishing the principle that the government
+was supreme over the big corporation, but that by itself, or that law
+did not do--did not accomplish any of the things that we ought to have
+accomplished, and so I began to fight for the amendment of the law
+along the lines of the interstate commerce, and now we propose, we
+progressives, to establish an interstate commission having the same
+power over industrial concerns that the interstate commerce commission
+has over railroads, so that whenever there is in the future a decision
+rendered in such important matters as the recent suits against the
+Standard Oil, the sugar--no, not that--tobacco--the tobacco trust--we
+will have a commission which will see that the decree of the court is
+really made effective; that it is not made a merely nominal decree.
+
+"Our opponents have said that we intend to legalize monopoly. Nonsense.
+They have legalized monopoly. At this moment the Standard Oil and
+Tobacco trust monopolies are legalized; they are being carried on under
+the decree of the Supreme Court. (Applause.)
+
+"Our proposal is really to break up monopoly. Our proposal is to put in
+the law--to lay down certain requirements and then require the commerce
+commission--the industrial commission to see that the trusts live up to
+those requirements. Our opponents have spoken as if we were going to
+let the commission declare what the requirements should be. Not at all.
+We are going to put the requirements in the law and then see that the
+commission makes the trust. (Interruption.) You see they don't trust
+me. (Laughter.) That the commission requires them to obey that law.
+
+"And now, friends, as Mr. Wilson has invited the comparison I only want
+to say this: Mr. Wilson has said that the states are the proper
+authorities to deal with the trusts. Well, about 80 per cent of the
+trusts are organized in New Jersey. The Standard Oil, the tobacco, the
+sugar, the beef, all those trusts are organized in New Jersey and Mr.
+Wilson--and the laws of New Jersey say that their charters can at any
+time be amended or repealed if they misbehave themselves and it gives
+the government--the laws give the government ample power to act about
+those laws and Mr. Wilson has been governor a year and nine months and
+he has not opened his lips. (Applause and cheers.) The chapter
+describing of what Mr. Wilson has done about the trusts in New Jersey
+would read precisely like a chapter describing the snakes in Ireland,
+which ran: 'There are no snakes in Ireland.' (Laughter and applause.)
+Mr. Wilson has done precisely and exactly nothing about the trusts.
+
+"I tell you and I told you at the beginning I do not say anything on
+the stump that I do not believe. I do not say anything I do not know.
+Let any of Mr. Wilson's friends on Tuesday point out one thing or let
+Mr. Wilson point out one thing he has done about the trusts as governor
+of New Jersey. (Applause.)
+
+"And now, friends, I want to say one special thing here----"
+
+(Col. Roosevelt turned to the table upon the stage to reach for his
+manuscript, but found it in the hands of some one upon the stage. He
+demanded it back with the words: "Teach them not to grab," which
+provoked laughter.)
+
+"And now, friends, there is one thing I want to say specially to you
+people here in Wisconsin. All that I have said so far is what I would
+say in any part of this union. I have a peculiar right to ask that in
+this great contest you men and women of Wisconsin shall stand with us.
+(Applause.) You have taken the lead in progressive movements here in
+Wisconsin. You have taught the rest of us to look to you for
+inspiration and leadership. Now, friends, you have made that movement
+here locally. You will be doing a dreadful injustice to yourselves; you
+will be doing a dreadful injustice to the rest of us throughout this
+union if you fail to stand with us now that we are making this national
+movement (applause) and what I am about to say now I want you to
+understand if I speak of Mr. Wilson I speak with no mind of bitterness.
+I merely want to discuss the difference of policy between the
+progressive and the democratic party and to ask you to think for
+yourselves which party you will follow. I will say that, friends,
+because the republican party is beaten. Nobody need to have any idea
+that anything can be done with the republican party. (Cheers and
+applause.)
+
+  [Illustration: John Flammang Schrank.]
+
+"When the republican party--not the republican party--when the bosses
+in the control of the republican party, the Barneses and Penroses last
+June stole the nomination and wrecked the republican party for good and
+all. (Applause.) I want to point out to you, nominally, they stole that
+nomination from me, but really it was from you. (Applause.) They did
+not like me and the longer they live the less cause they will have to
+like me. (Applause and laughter.) But while they do not like me, they
+dread you. You are the people that they dread. They dread the people
+themselves, and those bosses and the big special interests behind them
+made up their mind that they would rather see the republican party
+wrecked than see it come under the control of the people themselves. So
+I am not dealing with the republican party. There are only two ways you
+can vote this year. You can be progressive or reactionary. Whether you
+vote republican or democratic it does not make any difference, you are
+voting reactionary." (Applause.)
+
+Col. Roosevelt stopped to take a drink of water and the doctors
+remonstrated with him to stop talking, to which he replied: "It is
+getting to be better and better as time goes on. (Turning to the
+audience) If these doctors don't behave themselves I won't let them
+look at me at all." (Laughter and applause.)
+
+"Now the democratic party in its platform and through the utterances of
+Mr. Wilson has distinctly committed itself to old flintlock, muzzle
+loaded doctrine of states right and I have said distinctly that we are
+for the people's right. We are for the rights of the people. If they
+can be obtained best through the national government, then we are for
+national rights. We are for the people's rights however it is necessary
+to secure them.
+
+"Mr. Wilson has made a long essay against Senator Beveridge's bill to
+abolish child labor. It is the same kind of an argument that would be
+made against our bill to prohibit women from working more than eight
+hours a day in industry. It is the same kind of argument that would
+have to be made, if it is true, it would apply equally against our
+proposal to insist that in continuous industries there shall be by law
+one day's rest in seven and a three-shift eight hour day. You have
+labor laws here in Wisconsin, and any Chamber of Commerce will tell you
+that because of that fact there are industries that will not come into
+Wisconsin. They prefer to stay outside where they can work children of
+tender years; where they can work women fourteen and sixteen hours a
+day, where, if it is a continuous industry, they can work men twelve
+hours a day and seven days a week.
+
+"Now, friends, I know that you of Wisconsin would never repeal those
+laws even if they are to your commercial hurt, just as I am trying to
+get New York to adopt such laws even though it will be to New York's
+commercial hurt. But if possible, I want to arrange it so that we can
+have justice without commercial hurt, and you can only get that if you
+have justice enforced nationally. You won't be burdened in Wisconsin
+with industries not coming to the state if the same good laws are
+extended all over the other states. (Applause.) Do you see what I mean?
+The states all compete in a common market and it is not justice to the
+employers of a state that has enforced just and proper laws to have
+them exposed to the competition of another state where no such laws are
+enforced. Now the democratic platform, their speaker declares that we
+shall not have such laws. Mr. Wilson has distinctly declared that you
+shall not have a national law to prohibit the labor of children, to
+prohibit child labor. He has distinctly declared that we shall not have
+law to establish a minimum wage for women.
+
+"I ask you to look at our declaration and hear and read our platform
+about social and industrial justice and then, friends, vote for the
+progressive ticket without regard to me, without regard to my
+personality, for only by voting for that platform can you be true to
+the cause of progress throughout this union." (Applause.)
+
+All through his talk, it was evident that his physicians feared his
+injury had been more serious than he was willing to admit. That a man
+with a bullet embedded in his body could stand up there and insist on
+giving the audience the speech which they had come to hear was almost
+incredible and it was plain the physicians as well as the other friends
+of the colonel on the stage were greatly alarmed.
+
+Col. Roosevelt, however, would have none of it. "Sit down, sit down,"
+he said to those who, when he faltered once or twice, half rose to come
+towards him. He insisted that he was having a good time in spite of his
+injury.
+
+Finally a motherly looking woman, a few rows of seats back from the
+stage rose and said, "Mr. Roosevelt, we all wish you would be seated."
+
+To this the colonel quickly replied: "I thank you, madam, but I don't
+mind it a bit."
+
+To those on the stage, who wished he would adopt the suggestion of
+being seated, he said: "Good gracious if you saw me in the saddle at
+the head of my troops with a bullet in me you would not mind."
+
+The only time Col. Roosevelt gave up and took a seat was when he came
+to a quotation from La Follette's weekly which paid him a tribute of
+praise for his work as president. This was read by Assemblyman T. J.
+Mahon, while the colonel rested.
+
+At the conclusion of the reading Col. Roosevelt said that he was the
+same man now that he was then. He had not been president since 1909 so
+that what he was described as being then he was now.
+
+T. J. Mahon read this editorial from La Follette's magazine of March
+13, 1909:
+
+    "Roosevelt steps from the stage gracefully. He has ruled his party
+    to a large extent against its will. He has played a large part of
+    the world's work for the past seven years. The activities of his
+    remarkably forceful personality have been so manifold that it will
+    be long before his true rating will be fixed in the opinion of the
+    race. He is said to think that the three great things done by him
+    are the undertaking of the construction of the Panama canal and its
+    rapid and successful carrying forward, the making of peace between
+    Russia and Japan, and the sending around the world of the fleet.
+
+    "These are important things but many will be slow to think them his
+    great services. The Panama canal will surely serve mankind when in
+    operation; and the manner of organizing this work seems to be fine.
+    But no one can yet say whether this project will be a gigantic
+    success or a gigantic failure; and the task is one which must in
+    the nature of things have been undertaken and carried through some
+    time soon, as historic periods go, anyhow. The peace of Portsmouth
+    was a great thing to be responsible for, and Roosevelt's good
+    offices undoubtedly saved a great and bloody battle in Manchuria.
+    But the war was fought out, and the parties ready to quit, and
+    there is reason to think that it is only when this situation was
+    arrived at that the good offices of the President of the United
+    States were, more or less indirectly, invited. The fleet's cruise
+    was a strong piece of diplomacy, by which we informed Japan that we
+    will send our fleet wherever we please and whenever we please. It
+    worked out well.
+
+    "But none of these things, it will seem to many, can compare with
+    some of Roosevelt's other achievements. Perhaps he is loath to take
+    credit as a reformer, for he is prone to spell the word with
+    question marks, and to speak despairingly of 'reform.'
+
+    "But for all that, this contention of 'reformers' made reform
+    respectable in the United States, and this rebuke of 'muck-rakers'
+    has been the chief agent in making the history of 'muck-raking' in
+    the United States a national one, conceded to be useful. He has
+    preached from the White House many doctrines; but among them he has
+    left impressed on the American mind the one great truth of economic
+    justice couched in the pithy and stinging phrase 'the square deal.'
+    The task of making reform respectable in a commercialized world,
+    and of giving the national a slogan in a phrase, is greater than
+    the man who performed it is likely to think.
+
+    "And, then, there is the great and statesmanlike movement for the
+    conservation of our national resources, into which Roosevelt so
+    energetically threw himself at a time when the nation as a whole
+    knew not that we are ruining and bankrupting ourselves as fast as
+    we can. This is probably the greatest thing Roosevelt did,
+    undoubtedly. This globe is the capital stock of the race. It is
+    just so much coal and oil and gas. This may be economized or
+    wasted. This same thing is true of phosphates and other mineral
+    resources. Our water resources are immense, and we are only just
+    beginning to use them. Our forests have been destroyed; they must
+    be restored. Our soils are being depleted; they must be built up
+    and conserved.
+
+    "These questions are not of this day only, or of this generation.
+    They belong all to the future. Their consideration requires that
+    high moral tone which regards the earth as the home of a posterity
+    to whom we owe a sacred duty.
+
+    "This immense idea, Roosevelt, with high statesmanship, dinned into
+    the ears of the nation until the nation heeded. He held it so high
+    that it attracted the attention of the neighboring nations of the
+    continent, and will so spread and intensify that we will soon see
+    world's conferences devoted to it.
+
+    "Nothing can be greater or finer than this. It is so great and so
+    fine that when the historian of the future shall speak of Theodore
+    Roosevelt, he is likely to say that he did many notable things,
+    among them that of inaugurating the movement which finally resulted
+    in the square deal, but that his greatest work was inspiring and
+    actually beginning a world movement for staying terrestrial waste
+    and saving for the human race the things upon which, and upon which
+    alone, a great and peaceful and progressive and happy race life can
+    be founded.
+
+    "What statesman in all history has done anything calling for so
+    wide a view and for a purpose more lofty?"
+
+  [Illustration: Page One of Letter Found in Schrank's Pocket.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III.
+
+ROOSEVELT IN THE EMERGENCY.
+
+
+After Colonel Roosevelt had finished speaking at the Auditorium, the
+effect of the shock and loss of blood from the shot, was quite manifest
+in his appearance. Despite this fact, however, he walked with firm step
+to an automobile waiting at the rear of the big hall, and guarded by a
+group of friends, was driven rapidly to the Johnston Emergency
+hospital. Preparation had there been made for a careful examination and
+for treatment by Dr. Scurry L. Terrell, who attended Col. Roosevelt
+during his entire trip, Dr. R. G. Sayle and Dr. T. A. Stratton, both of
+Milwaukee.
+
+At the hospital, Dr. Joseph Colt Bloodgood, a surgeon of the faculty of
+Johns-Hopkins university, was invited into the consultation. The
+Colonel's first thought had been to reassure Mrs. Roosevelt and family
+against any unnecessary fear, and before he received treatment, he sent
+a long reassuring telegram, together with a telegram to Seth Bullock,
+whose telegram was one of the first of the stream of telegrams which
+began pouring in for news of the patient's condition.
+
+During the preliminary examination of the wound by the doctors in the
+Johnston Emergency hospital, preparations were completed to secure
+X-ray pictures under the direction of Dr. J. S. Janssen,
+Roentgenologist, Milwaukee. Dr. Janssen secured his views and left for
+his laboratory to develop the negatives.
+
+While these negatives were being secured, it was determined by the
+doctors that no great additional danger would be incurred if Col.
+Roosevelt were moved to a train, and by special train to Chicago, which
+plan he had proposed, so that he might be nearer to the center of his
+fight. He was moved by ambulance to the train, which left Milwaukee
+shortly after midnight.
+
+In the meantime, the completion of the X-ray pictures disclosed the
+fact that the bullet laid between the fourth and fifth ribs, three and
+one-half inches from the surface of the chest, on the right side, and
+later examinations disclosed that it had shattered the fourth rib
+somewhat, and was separated by only a delicate tissue from the pleural
+cavity.
+
+By a miracle it had spent its force, for had it entered slightly
+farther, it would almost to a certainty have ended Col. Roosevelt's
+life.
+
+Upon Dr. Janssen's report of the location of the bullet, there was a
+period of indecision, during which the train waited, before the
+surgeons concluded that the patient might be taken to Chicago, despite
+the deep nature of the wound, without seriously impairing his chances.
+
+Arriving at Chicago about 3 in the morning of October 15, an ambulance
+was procured and the Colonel taken to Mercy hospital, where he was
+attended by Dr. John B. Murphy, Dr. Arthur Dean Bevan and Dr. S. L.
+Terrell.
+
+A week later, during which the surgeons concluded that the wound was
+not mortal, and having recovered his strength somewhat, he was taken
+East to his home at Oyster Bay.
+
+The bullet lies where it imbedded itself. It has not been disturbed by
+probes, because surgeons have concluded that such an effort would incur
+additional danger.
+
+That the shot fired by Schrank didn't succeed in murdering Col.
+Roosevelt is a miracle of good fortune. A "thirty-eight" long Colt's
+cartridge, fired from a pistol frame of "forty-four" caliber design, so
+built because it gives a heavier drive to the projectile, fired at that
+close range, meant almost inevitable death.
+
+The aim was taken at a lower portion of Col. Roosevelt's body, but a
+bystander struck Schrank's arm at the moment of explosion, and elevated
+the direction of the shot. After passing through the Colonel's heavy
+military overcoat, and his other clothing, it would have certainly
+killed him had it not struck in its course practically everything which
+he carried on his person which could impede its force.
+
+In his coat pocket he had fifty pages of manuscript for the night's
+speech, which had been doubled, causing the bullet to traverse a
+hundred pages of manuscript.
+
+It had struck also his spectacle case on the outer concave surface of
+the gun metal material of which the case was constructed. It had passed
+through a double fold of his heavy suspenders before reaching his body.
+
+Had anyone of those objects been out of the range of the bullet,
+Schrank's dastardly purpose would have been accomplished beyond any
+conjecture.
+
+Just before he went to the operating room in the Emergency hospital
+Col. Roosevelt directed the following telegram to Mrs. Roosevelt and
+gave orders that if the telegraph office at Oyster Bay was closed the
+message should be taken to Sagamore Hill by taxicab.
+
+    "Am in excellent shape, made an hour and half speech. The wound is
+    a trivial one. I think they will find that it merely glanced on a
+    rib and went somewhere into a cavity of the body; it certainly did
+    not touch a lung and isn't a particle more serious than one of the
+    injuries any of the boys used continually to be having. Am at the
+    Emergency hospital at the moment, but anticipate going right on
+    with my engagements. My voice seems to be in good shape. Best love
+    to Ethel.
+
+    "Theodore Roosevelt."
+
+The first bulletin issued by surgeons at the Johnston Emergency
+hospital was:
+
+    "The bleeding was insignificant and the wound was immediately
+    cleansed, externally and dressed with sterile gauze by R. G. Sayle,
+    of Milwaukee, consulting surgeon of the Emergency hospital. As the
+    bullet passed through Col. Roosevelt's clothes, doubled manuscript
+    and metal spectacle case, its force was much diminished. The
+    appearance of the wound also presented evidence of a much bent
+    bullet. The colonel is not suffering from shock and is in no pain.
+    His condition was so good that the surgeons did not object to his
+    continuing his journey in his private car to Chicago where he will
+    be placed under surgical care."
+
+    (Signed)
+
+    "Dr. S. L. Terrell.
+    "Dr. R. G. Sayle.
+    "Dr. Joseph Colt Bloodgood,
+        _of the faculty of Johns-Hopkins University_.
+    "Dr. T. A. Stratton."
+
+The following bulletin was issued just before Col. Roosevelt was taken
+to the special train which carried him to Chicago:
+
+    "Col. Roosevelt has a superficial flesh wound below the right
+    breast with no evidence of injury to the lung.
+
+    "The bullet is probably lodged somewhere in the chest walls,
+    because there is but one wound and no signs of any injury to the
+    lung.
+
+    "His condition was so good that the surgeons did not try to locate
+    the bullet, nor did they try to probe for it."
+
+    "Dr. S. L. Terrell.
+    "Dr. R. G. Sayle."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV.
+
+CAREFUL OF COLLAR BUTTONS.
+
+
+Miss Regine White, Superintendent of the Johnston Emergency Hospital,
+cut the gory shirts from Colonel Roosevelt and, after he had been
+attended by surgeons, tied the hospital shirt, with "Johnston Emergency
+Hospital" emblazoned across the front, about him.
+
+Miss White, describing the ex-President's stay in the hospital, said:
+
+"Col. Roosevelt is the most unusual patient who ever was ministered to
+in the Johnston Emergency Hospital, in that he was absolutely calm and
+unperturbed, and influenced every one about him to be so, although
+excitement and unrest were in the very atmosphere, and he was suffering
+much.
+
+"Col. Roosevelt had not been in the hospital fifteen minutes before
+every one he came in contact with was willing to swear allegiance to
+the Bull Moose party, and personal allegiance to, the genial Bull Moose
+himself. He was so friendly and cordial, so natural and free, so happy
+and genial and so inclined to 'jolly' us all that we felt on terms of
+intimate friendship with him almost immediately, and yet through all
+this freedom of manner he maintained a dignity that never for an
+instant let us forget we were in the presence of a great man.
+
+"It is almost unbelievable that he could have been as unruffled and
+apparently unconcerned as he was when he really was suffering, and when
+he did not know how serious the wound was."
+
+
+"GOD HELP POOR FOOL."
+
+"I asked the colonel how he felt about the prosecution of the man who
+shot him," said Miss White, "and he said, 'I've not decided yet, but
+God help the poor fool under any circumstances!' and the tone he used
+was one of kindly sympathy and sincerity, and without one trace of
+malice or sarcasm.
+
+"He seemed kindly interested in everything that any one said to him.
+Miss Elvine Kucko, one of our nurses, shook hands with him when he was
+about to go and said she was sorry the shooting had happened in our
+city. The colonel consoled her by saying it might have happened
+anywhere. I broke in with a remark to the effect that he would have
+felt even worse had it been perpetrated by a Milwaukeean, and that we
+were glad it was a New Yorker who did the deed.
+
+"'You cruel little woman!' the patient ejaculated, and I remembered
+then that New York was the ex-President's state."
+
+When he was ready to go, Miss White offered him a sealed envelope and
+told him his cuff buttons, shirt studs and collar buttons were in it.
+
+"No, you can't do that with me," he said, "I want to see! I don't
+intend to get down to Chicago without the flat button for the back of
+my collar."
+
+Miss White joined him in a laugh as she pulled open the envelope and
+counted each one separately into his hand. That flat bone button that
+he treasured hid itself under one of the others and he had to have a
+second count before he was satisfied that he was not going to be
+inconvenienced by its loss when he should next care to wear a collar.
+
+Doctors and nurses questioned the ex-President's coat being warm
+enough, but he assured them that the coat was one he had worn in the
+Spanish-American war, that it was of military make and would keep him
+warm enough in a steam-heated Pullman.
+
+When the bandages were being strapped on the colonel's chest to keep
+the dressing in place, one of the doctors, Fred Stratton, a young
+giant, didn't put one fold as Miss White thought it ought to be. She
+ordered it put right, and the colonel began to laugh, which isn't to be
+wondered at when one remembers that Miss White is a tiny, wee bit of
+fluffy humanity who doesn't look a bit like what one would expect, the
+superintendent of a big hospital and looked a pigmy beside the big
+doctor.
+
+  [Illustration: Page Two of Letter Found in Schrank's Pocket.]
+
+"That's nothing," said Dr. R. G. Sayle, "she's been bossing us doctors
+for the past twenty years!"
+
+"Oh, please--not quite that long----" began Miss White.
+
+"Well, we'll knock off two and make it eighteen," the colonel
+interposed.
+
+When the wound was dressed doctors and nurses tried to persuade the
+patient to remain over night, but without success.
+
+"I know if Mrs. Roosevelt were here she would insist upon your
+staying," Miss White said.
+
+"Young woman, if Mrs. Roosevelt were here I am certain she would insist
+upon my leaving immediately," her husband made reply, and gazed at the
+four pretty nurses surrounding him.
+
+When the patient was brought up the elevator and led into the
+"preparation" room, the first thing to do was to prepare him for care
+of his wound. Miss White took his eye glasses. The Colonel objected and
+said he did not want those out of his sight. But when Miss White
+assured him she would give the glasses her personal attention he seemed
+content with the arrangement.
+
+One of the physicians asked for a chair for Col. Roosevelt. Miss White
+said the operating table was ready, and the colonel immediately
+acquiesced and laid down on the carefully scrubbed pine slab on an iron
+frame, which has carried the weight of tramps, laborers and other
+unfortunates picked up in the street, but never before that of an
+ex-President of the United States.
+
+Miss White was a little diffident about exposing the fact that the
+president had said a swear word, but she finally admitted that he
+remarked:
+
+"I don't care a d----n about finding the bullet but I do hope they'll
+fix it up so I need not continue to suffer."
+
+The doctors washed the wound area, painted it with iodine, itself a
+somewhat painful operation, and proceeded to the dressing.
+
+One of the doctors told Col. Roosevelt that Miss White was a
+suffragist, and that after his kind treatment he ought to be converted.
+Miss White said the Big Bull Moose was a suffragist and that was one of
+the big planks of his party and the colonel laughed and said of course
+he believed in it.
+
+When the party left for Chicago Dr. R. G. Sayle took with his
+antisepticized surgeon's gloves, surgical dressing and instruments to
+be used in case of hemorrhage before Chicago was reached.
+
+Not a souvenir of the ex-President's visit remains in the hospital. His
+shirt was turned over to the police, and a blood-soaked handkerchief
+which was bound upon the wound, and which was picked up by one of the
+nurses, was found to have an "S" in the corner, so it was evident that
+it either did not belong to the ex-President or he had not always owned
+it, and this was discarded.
+
+The Mercy Hospital nurses were appreciative of Col. Roosevelt.
+
+"He was the best patient I ever had," said Miss Welter, and the
+sentiment was endorsed by Miss Fitzgerald.
+
+"He was consideration itself. He never had a word of complaint all the
+time he was at the hospital, and his chief worry seemed to be that we
+were not comfortable. We had expected to find him 'strenuous' and
+possibly disagreeable. On the contrary, we found him most docile. He
+chafed at being kept in bed, but he tried not to show it, and he never
+was ill-humored or peevish, as many patients in a similar position are."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER V.
+
+ARRIVAL AT MERCY HOSPITAL.
+
+
+Arriving at Mercy Hospital, Chicago, Col. Roosevelt was given further
+examination on October 15. Several bulletins of his condition were
+issued. The last official bulletin given out by his staff physicians,
+J. B. Murphy, A. D. Bevan and Scurry L. Terrell, showed a most
+favorable condition.
+
+Mrs. Roosevelt reached Chicago with her son Theodore and her daughter
+Ethel, was driven directly to Mercy Hospital and took charge of her
+husband as soon as she had greeted him. She was quite composed on her
+arrival and placidly directed affairs all through. As a result of her
+presence, the colonel's visiting list was materially cut down, he
+devoted less time to reading telegrams, and discussed the campaign very
+little.
+
+Part of the morning he spent in reading cablegrams of sympathy and
+congratulation on his escape from Emperor William, King George, the
+President of France, the King of Italy, the King of Spain, the
+President of Portugal and the Crown Prince and Princess of Germany.
+
+Among his few callers were Col. Cecil Lyon, Medill McCormick, Dr.
+Alexander Lambert, his family physician, who accompanied Mrs. Roosevelt
+to Chicago, Dr. Evans of Chicago and Dr. Woods-Hutchinson, a writer on
+medical topics, a warm personal friend.
+
+As soon as he saw Dr. Lambert the colonel said:
+
+"Lambert, you'd have let me finish that speech if you'd been there
+after I was shot, wouldn't you?"
+
+"Perhaps so," returned the doctor, a little dubiously, "but I should
+have made sure you were not seriously hurt first."
+
+Before Mrs. Roosevelt arrived the colonel was insistent that he be
+allowed to go to Oyster Bay shortly. After a talk with Mrs. Roosevelt,
+he said he would leave that question to her.
+
+"It will probably be ten days at least before we go," she said. "It is
+too far distant to attempt a prophecy."
+
+A more careful examination of the X-ray photographs taken of the
+patient disclosed the fact that his fourth rib was slightly splintered
+by the impact of the bullet lodged against it. This accounted for the
+discomfort that the colonel suffered.
+
+Mrs. Roosevelt was insistent on taking her husband home at the earliest
+moment consistent with safety.
+
+The colonel passed an easy day. He continued to exhibit the utmost
+indifference to the motives of Schrank, who sought his life. "His name
+might be Czolgosz or anything else as far as I am concerned," he said
+to one of his visitors. "I never heard of him before and know nothing
+about him."
+
+To another friend he expressed the opinion that the man was a maniac
+afflicted with a paranoia on the subject of the third term. He showed
+no curiosity about him and did not discuss him, although he talked
+considerably about the shooting.
+
+"You know," he said to Dr. Murphy, "I have done a lot of hunting and I
+know that a thirty-eight caliber pistol slug fired at any range will
+not kill a bull moose."
+
+Before he went to sleep, Col. Roosevelt called for hot water and a
+mirror and sitting in bed, carefully shaved himself. Mrs. Roosevelt,
+tired out after her long journey, also retired early, at 10 o'clock.
+
+The following bulletin, issued by the surgeons on the morning of
+October 15, described the wound inflicted by Schrank's bullet:
+
+    "Col. Roosevelt's hurt is a deep bullet wound of the chest wall
+    without striking any vital organ in transit. The wound was not
+    probed. The point of entrance was to the right of and one inch
+    below the level of the right nipple. The range of the bullet was
+    upward and inward, a distance of four inches, deeply in the chest
+    wall. There was no evidence of the bullet penetrating into the
+    lung. Pulse, 90; temperature, 99.2; respiration, 20; leucocyte
+    count, .82 at 10 a.m. No operation to remove bullet is indicated
+    at the present time. Condition hopeful, but wound so important as
+    to demand absolute rest for a number of days."
+
+    (Signed)
+
+    "Dr. John B. Murphy.
+    "Dr. Arthur B. Bevan.
+    "Dr. Scurry L. Terrell.
+    "Dr. R. G. Sayle."
+
+The arrival of Col. Roosevelt in Mercy Hospital, Chicago, was described
+by John B. Pratt, of the International News service, a correspondent
+traveling with the ex-President during the campaign, as follows:
+
+"Any way, if I had to die, I wanted to die with my boots on." Lying on
+a hospital bed completely filled by his great bulk, Theodore Roosevelt
+made this answer to a question by Dr. Terrell.
+
+He had just talked with the newspaper men who were with his party
+enroute. Terrell, coming in at the conclusion of the conversation,
+expressed the fear that the ex-President was exerting himself beyond
+his strength.
+
+"You do too much," said Terrell. "The most uncomfortable hour I ever
+spent in my life was while I sat on that platform in Milwaukee
+wondering where that bullet was and in how imminent danger you were.
+How could you be so incautious as to make a speech then? It was all
+very well for you to say the shot was not fatal but how could you
+tell?"
+
+The colonel grinned, raised his arm heavily, trying not to show the
+pain that came with every movement.
+
+"I did not think the wound was dangerous," he said. "I was confident
+that it was not in a place where much harm could follow and therefore I
+wished to make the speech. Anyway, even if it went against me--well, if
+I had to die--" and the colonel chuckled grimly, "I thought I'd
+rather die with my boots on."
+
+The newspaper men who were with him when out of the darkness came the
+bullet that still menaces his life, felt that in that sentence he had
+epitomized his unfaltering courage. Never once since has he wavered in
+courage. Physically overcome he once sank back, and came as near to
+fainting as so strong a man can. All the rest of the time he has been
+as serene as a man unhurt.
+
+It was in the gray of this morning's daylight that we caught our first
+glimpse of him after the shooting. Standing in the corridor of his
+private car as it lay in the North-Western station in Chicago, we heard
+Dr. Terrell say:
+
+"Now is a chance to see the old warrior, he is coming out."
+
+The door of his state room creaked and swung open slowly. As it swung
+back within loomed the figure that attracts attention everywhere. The
+colonel stepped out slowly, his shoulders thrown back and his bearing
+soldierly. He stretched out two fingers to one of the party.
+
+"Ah, old comrade," he said, "shake. The newspaper boys are my friends,"
+he added, as he proceeded toward the door of the car. "I'm glad to see
+them."
+
+"You had a pretty rough time last night, colonel," suggested somebody.
+
+"We did have a middling lively time, didn't we?" said the colonel with
+a broad grin.
+
+"Pretty plucky of you," said another man. "Everybody agrees to that."
+
+"Fiddlesticks," and the colonel stepped out on the platform and down
+the steps.
+
+He had indignantly refused a stretcher and even balked at an ambulance,
+but finally agreed that this was the best means of conveyance to the
+hospital.
+
+He walked past a silent crowd, a crowd that wanted to cheer, but did
+not dare, but stood, without a smile as he went by. To them all he
+waved a hand. Just as he was leaving the steps a flashlight flared
+forth, the sharp report of the powder startling everybody.
+
+  [Illustration: Capt. A. O. Girard.]
+
+"Ah, shot again," said the colonel, without a tremor.
+
+Before climbing into the ambulance he turned to the newspaper men who
+had come out to see him off.
+
+"I want to see you newspaper men at the hospital at 3 o'clock. I want
+all the old guard there." Then he started up the steps of the
+automobile conveyance with a firm step and tried to seat himself firmly
+on the cushion. But he had counted on more strength than he possessed.
+With a smothered exclamation he sank back among them, his head dropping
+and his figure one of pathetic helplessness.
+
+At 3 o'clock he welcomed the newspaper men sitting up in bed with his
+massive chest hidden beneath an undershirt.
+
+"I came away in too big a hurry to get my pajamas," he explained,
+apologetically.
+
+"Here they are, bless their hearts. They never desert me," the colonel
+cried, as the visitors were ushered in.
+
+His face had lost the gray of the early morning and resumed its normal
+tint. He never looked better and certainly never looked larger. He
+filled the narrow hospital cot completely, from side to side, and from
+end to end.
+
+Two beautiful rooms had been secured for him at Mercy Hospital, one of
+the biggest and finest institutions in the west. The four windows of
+the sick room faced two on Calumet avenue and two on Twenty-sixth
+street, in a quiet part of town, away from the smoke and the roar of
+the elevated trains. To make the air more salubrious an oxygen
+apparatus had been placed in the room, which liberated just enough gas
+to make the air fresh and to give it an autumn twang.
+
+In response to a question as to how he felt, he replied with a laugh:
+"I feel as well as a man feels who has a bullet in him."
+
+"But haven't you any pain?" asked someone.
+
+"Well," the colonel said, dryly, "A man with a bullet in him is lucky
+if he doesn't experience a little pain."
+
+Here Dr. Terrell, always on watch, held up a warning hand.
+
+"You must not talk much," he said.
+
+"I'll boss this job," said Roosevelt. "You go away and let me do this
+thing."
+
+Just then the door opened to admit Elbert E. Martin, the herculean
+stenographer who had grabbed Schrank before he could fire a second
+shot.
+
+"Here he is," cried the colonel, waving his hand, "here is the man that
+did it."
+
+Martin had brought a lot of telegrams. The colonel, lying partly
+propped up adjusted the great tortoise shell glasses and proceeded to
+look them over. With one of them he seemed especially pleased. It came
+from Madison, Wis., and was as follows:
+
+    "Permit me to express my profound regret that your life should have
+    been in peril and to express my congratulations upon your fortunate
+    escape from serious injury. I trust that you will speedily recover.
+
+    (Signed)
+
+    "Robert M. La Follette."
+
+"Let me see that again," he said, after turning it back to Martin. When
+he had read it a second time he said: "Here, take this," and dictated:
+
+    "Senator Robert M. La Follette--Thanks sincerely for your kind
+    expressions of sympathy."
+
+Half an hour the colonel spent looking over and answering private
+telegrams, dictating always in a clear, strong voice. When he had done
+he talked with the newspaper men of former experiences of the kind he
+had just gone through and of cranks at Sagamore Hill and at the White
+House.
+
+"But I never had a bullet in me before," he said.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VI.
+
+GETS BACK INTO CAMPAIGN.
+
+
+October 17, convinced that he was beyond all possible danger, Col.
+Roosevelt resumed the active campaign from his sick room in Mercy
+Hospital by dictating a statement in which he requested his political
+opponents to continue the fight as if nothing had happened to him.
+
+The colonel awoke feeling as he expressed it, "like a bull moose." In
+the afternoon he overcame Mrs. Roosevelt's objections to work long
+enough to send for Stenographer Martin and dictate the statement that
+put him back into politics.
+
+Then he answered dispatches from President Taft, Cardinal Gibbons, and
+several other of those who had sent messages of sympathy.
+
+He carefully reread the dispatch from President Taft and dictated this
+reply:
+
+    "I appreciate your sympathetic inquiry and wish to thank you for
+    it."
+
+"Sign that Theodore Roosevelt," he said to Martin.
+
+To Cardinal Gibbons he sent this:
+
+    "I am deeply touched by your kind words."
+
+To Woodrow Wilson: "I wish to thank you for your very warm sympathy."
+
+His statement dictated to Stenographer Martin asking the campaign to
+continue despite Schrank's shot was as follows:
+
+    "I wish to express my cordial agreement with the manly and proper
+    statement of Mr. Bryan at Franklin, Ind., when in arguing for a
+    continuance of the discussion of the issues at stake in the contest
+    he said:
+
+    "'The issues of this campaign should not be determined by the act
+    of an assassin. Neither Col. Roosevelt nor his friends should ask
+    that the discussion should be turned away from the principles that
+    are involved. If he is elected President it should be because of
+    what he has done in the past and what he proposes to do hereafter.'
+
+    "I wish to point out, however, that neither I nor my friends have
+    asked that the discussion be turned away from the principles that
+    are involved. On the contrary, we emphatically demand that the
+    discussion be carried on precisely as if I had not been shot. I
+    shall be sorry if Mr. Wilson does not keep on the stump and feel
+    that he owes it to himself and to the American people to continue
+    on the stump.
+
+    "I wish to make one more comment on Mr. Bryan's statement. It is of
+    course perfectly true that in voting for me or against me,
+    consideration must be paid to what I have done in the past and to
+    what I propose to do. But it seems to me far more important that
+    consideration should be paid to what the progressive party proposes
+    to do.
+
+    "I cannot too strongly emphasize the fact upon which we
+    progressives insist that the welfare of any one man in this fight
+    is wholly immaterial compared to the greatest fundamental issues
+    involved in the triumph of the principles for which our cause
+    stands. If I had been killed the fight would have gone on exactly
+    the same. Gov. Johnson, Senator Beveridge, Mr. Straus, Senator
+    Bristow, Miss Jane Addams, Giffford Pinchot, Judge Ben Lindsay,
+    Raymond Robbins, Mr. Prendergast and the hundreds of other men now
+    on the stump are preaching the doctrine that I have been preaching
+    and stand for, and represent just the same cause. They would have
+    continued the fight in exactly the same way if I had been killed,
+    and they are continuing it in just the same way now that I am for
+    the moment laid up.
+
+    "So far as my opponents are concerned, whatever could with truth
+    and propriety have been said against me and my cause before I was
+    shot can with equal truth and equal propriety be said against me
+    and it now should be so said, and the things that cannot be said
+    now, are merely the things that ought not to have been said before.
+    This is not a contest about any man; it is a contest concerning
+    principles.
+
+    "If my broken rib heals fast enough to relieve my breathing I shall
+    hope to be able to make one or two speeches yet in this campaign;
+    in any event, if I am not able to make them the men I have
+    mentioned above and the hundreds like them will be stating our case
+    right to the end of the campaign and I trust our opponents will be
+    stating their case also.
+
+    "Theodore Roosevelt."
+
+October 19, Gov. Hiram W. Johnson, of California, candidate for
+Vice-President on the National Progressive ticket, was summoned to
+Mercy Hospital by Col. Roosevelt.
+
+The governor hastened to the hospital and conferred with Roosevelt for
+an hour. The ex-President urged upon Johnson that he return to
+California to hold his office as governor. Johnson had two years to
+serve of his term and under the law he would forfeit the governorship
+if he did not get back. The law there provides that no governor shall
+absent himself from office for more than two months running. Johnson
+had been away all but a few days of that period.
+
+"Governor, I realize the sacrifice you have made in keeping so long
+away from your office," began the colonel, in serious tone. "I am told
+that if you do not hurry back they will take the governorship away from
+you. Now, I want you to go back. Leave the campaign to me. I can handle
+it all right. Soon I'm going out on the stump and I'll lead the fight
+myself."
+
+Gov. Johnson marveled at the bold idea that Roosevelt, convalescing
+from the bullet wound, would take command again.
+
+"You can't do it, colonel," he protested. "You will need to build up
+your strength. I won't----"
+
+"Fiddlesticks," interrupted the colonel. "You'll do what I say. I never
+felt any stronger in my life. It's all a matter of being able to
+breathe easier with this splintered rib. That won't bother me more than
+a few days. Then they can't hold me back."
+
+Flatly Gov. Johnson informed Col. Roosevelt that he wanted to stay in
+the fight.
+
+"I'm needed," he went on. "I'm going to let them take the governorship.
+I'll resign."
+
+Leaning out from the arm chair in which he sat, Roosevelt whacked his
+right fist down on the table before him. A sharp pain went through the
+breast pierced by the bullet.
+
+"I tell you, governor, you'll not do it," fairly cried the colonel, so
+vehemently that Mrs. Roosevelt, in the next room, stepped to the
+doorway.
+
+"You must be quiet, Theodore," spoke Mrs. Roosevelt, lifting a warning
+finger.
+
+"Yes, that's right," agreed the colonel, "but the governor here is
+recalcitrant and I've got to speak roughly to him."
+
+After a brisk interchange of opinion as to the feasibility of the
+governor giving up the campaign the two violently taking opposite
+sides, bidding the colonel an affectionate good-bye, Gov. Johnson left
+the hospital. As he passed out to an automobile, Johnson said he had
+promised the colonel to talk the matter over with other leaders before
+deciding what to do.
+
+"He insists that I return to California and I insist I won't,"
+explained the governor. "We couldn't agree."
+
+Later Gov. Johnson conferred at his hotel with William Allen White,
+Francis J. Heney and other Bull Moose leaders. The governor was
+obdurate in his decision to stick in the race.
+
+"Col. Roosevelt is in no shape to take up the responsibility," he
+maintained. "It is but an evidence of his magnanimity that he urges me
+to return to California. I'd rather lost the job than desert the
+colonel now."
+
+Attorney General U. S. Webb of California on October 20 issued the
+following opinion, however, which did away with possibility of Gov.
+Johnson losing his office:
+
+  [Illustration: Elbert E. Martin.]
+
+"There is a code section in the state limiting the absence of the
+governor and other officials from the state to sixty days, but the
+legislature of 1911 by resolution, removed the limitations on the
+governor and other high state officials. In addition to that the
+constitution of the United States specifically provides the conditions
+under which a state official may be removed, and it does not include
+this particular condition. There is no reason why Gov. Johnson cannot
+remain outside the state as long as he sees fit and there is nothing
+the legislature can do to remove him for remaining away more than sixty
+days."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VII.
+
+BACK AT SAGAMORE HILL.
+
+
+The trip of ex-President Roosevelt from Mercy Hospital, Chicago, to his
+home at Oyster Bay, beginning the morning of October 21 over the
+Pennsylvania road is described here by one of the correspondents who
+traveled with him. Under date of October 21, he wrote at Pittsburg,
+Pa.:
+
+"On a mellow autumn day whose warmth seemed to breathe a tender
+sympathy, Col. Roosevelt traveled from Chicago today on his way to
+Oyster Bay on the most extraordinary trip ever undertaken by a
+candidate for the presidency.
+
+"Unable because of sheer weakness to show himself on the platform of
+his private car, the stricken Bull Moose leader, with blinds drawn in
+his stateroom, listened with throbbing heart to the soft murmuring of
+eager throngs as they clustered at the stations along the way. As the
+train rolled into Pittsburg tonight the colonel, shaken up by the
+jostling of the train, meekly confessed to Dr. Alexander Lambert, his
+New York physician, who with Dr. Scurry Terrell, are making the trip
+with him, that he was 'tired out.'
+
+"'I'm going to put in a sound night of sleep,' he sighed, 'I'll be all
+right again in the morning.'
+
+"The bullet nestling in the colonel's chest and the splintered rib gave
+him more discomfort than the wounded leader had counted on. As the
+train jolted at times the ex-President experienced piercing pain. But
+he bore it without a whimper.
+
+"When night came the physicians agreed that although the tumbling of
+the train had caused the colonel more worry than he would admit, he
+would suffer no ill effects.
+
+"The ex-President's leisurely jaunt through Ohio, for he is running
+upon a twenty-four hour train, was in truth an occasion of tragic
+quiet. The waiting throngs which half anticipated that they would see
+the plucky third party fighter walk out onto platform of his car, stood
+in a respectful attitude as they learned that the colonel was unable to
+see them.
+
+"Almost the whole day the ex-President lay on a soft bed in his state
+room, reading, or when that grew irksome, dropping into restful
+slumber. Outside of his family, his stenographer, John Martin and the
+latter's wife, who boarded the train at Lima, the colonel saw no one.
+He asked for quiet, feeling himself that he needed to conserve all the
+strength at his command for the long run to Oyster Bay.
+
+"The ex-President started his jaunt homeward by fooling the newspaper
+men in Chicago. At Mercy Hospital the tip was allowed to filter out
+that the colonel would climb into an automobile at the front entrance.
+Camera men adjusted their machines and a flock of newspaper men waited.
+
+"Instead, the ex-President was wheeled to a side door to an automobile
+ambulance, into which he pulled himself.
+
+"'I fooled them that time,' chuckled the colonel to Dr. Lambert, who
+climbed in after him.
+
+"While the colonel was driven to the train, Mrs. Roosevelt, Miss Ethel
+and Theodore, Jr., took an automobile. So as to avoid the crowd at the
+Pennsylvania depot, the ambulance was taken to the train by way of a
+yard, the colonel's private car being drawn up for it. Only a few
+yardmen were there to salute the colonel as he stepped from the
+ambulance. They raised their hats and one of them cried:
+
+"'Colonel, good luck to you!' Roosevelt lifted his right hand to his
+hat and gave a military salute."
+
+Concerning the ex-President's appearance in Madison Square Garden, New
+York, on the night of October 30, a press dispatch said:
+
+"Bearing no outward sign of the bullet in his breast, Theodore
+Roosevelt tonight hurled himself back into the campaign at Madison
+Square Garden. He spoke for forty minutes to the biggest meeting he has
+ever addressed in New York and to one of the greatest gatherings ever
+seen in that historic auditorium.
+
+"More than 15,000 men and women welcomed him. Another vast crowd waited
+all evening outside in the hope that they might catch a word or two
+from the colonel as he departed. They were disappointed, for his
+physicians, fearing too great a tax on his strength, refused to permit
+him to make more than one address.
+
+"The crowd inside cheered for forty minutes when Roosevelt, at twenty
+minutes past 9 o'clock led his guards into the Garden, climbed the
+steps to the speaker's gallery and stood before them. Bandannas and
+American flags waved like a moving forest, the shouts of the crowd and
+the drumming of thousands of heels on the floor drowned the band and
+every air that has been sung in the campaign from 'Everybody's Doin'
+It' to 'Onward, Christian Soldiers,' boomed forth when the enthusiasts,
+wearied of plain cheering, of mooing like the moose, or of yelling: 'We
+want Teddy! We want Teddy!'
+
+"The great hall whose galleries and arched ceiling were completely
+hidden with bunting and huge flags, made a marvelous picture as the
+colonel, leaning over the speaker's rail, his teeth snapping like a
+bulldog's, raised his left hand in first greeting.
+
+"For three-quarters of an hour he stood there. Now and then recognizing
+a friend he would make a dash to the other end of the stand, a distance
+of twenty feet and wave his hand--always his left--in greeting.
+
+"As he faced first to the left, then to the right, he awakened
+successive outbursts of cheers, and bandannas and flags were set in
+motion by sections, till red flushes ran over the crowd like waves.
+
+"The colonel's speech was pitched in a solemn and impressive key. He
+made no direct allusion to the attack upon him. He made no attack upon
+any individual among his political foes. He named no names save those
+of Washington, Lincoln, Jefferson and Jackson.
+
+"Deliberately avoiding the line of advance, which was punctuated with
+applause, he appealed for the votes of his auditors for the progressive
+cause, making no reference to himself and none to his achievements.
+
+"With cheeks thinner than they were before the attack upon him, but
+with a brilliant color, with figure sturdy and erect, and with a voice
+that reached to every part of the hall, and never once cracked into the
+falsetto squeak that often characterizes it, the colonel seemed the
+picture of health. Not at all while he was speaking did he smile. All
+his gestures, save one or two were made with his left hand which, being
+farthest removed from the bullet wound, could be moved with impunity.
+
+"Once or twice toward the end he brought his right hand down with a
+resounding slap on the rail of the speakers stand, but his face gave no
+indication that the gesture caused him pain. The flashlights which were
+set off at intervals during the address he faced without wincing.
+
+"Col. Roosevelt was preceded by Senator Dixon, who presided, by Oscar
+Straus, candidate for governor in New York, and by Governor Johnson of
+California."
+
+"Col. Roosevelt's physicians went into his state room to see him soon
+after the train left Englewood. They found him contentedly reading:
+
+"'Col. Roosevelt is resting well and is very comfortable.'
+
+"So well, indeed, was the ex-President that the doctor said he did not
+bother to take his pulse and temperature."
+
+Col. Roosevelt arrived at Sagamore Hill at 10 o'clock in the morning of
+October 22.
+
+When the ex-President's physicians left him at dusk they gave out this
+bulletin, impressing their insistence that Roosevelt devote himself to
+solid rest:
+
+    "Col. Roosevelt has stood the journey well, but, of course, is
+    tired. The wound is still open and oozing. Rest and quiet are
+    essential to him to avoid possibilities of wound infection. He will
+    be able to see no one tonight. While Col. Roosevelt is extremely
+    anxious to take up the work of the campaign we are not willing to
+    say at this time that that will be possible.
+
+    "Jos. A. Blake.
+    "George E. Brewer.
+    "Alexander S. Lambert.
+    "Scurry L. Terrell."
+
+The colonel was brought to Sagamore Hill in an auto from Syasset, L.
+I., without going to Oyster Bay, in order to avoid any crowd.
+
+Flowers sent to Sagamore Hill by the school children of Nassau county
+were the only tokens of public welcome for the homecoming.
+
+When he arrived at Sagamore Hill the colonel's wound was dressed and he
+went to bed at once, with instructions to remain quiet all day. The
+physicians said the wound showed no ill effects from the trip.
+
+Col. Roosevelt and his secretaries were busy on the train until late in
+the night of October 21, looking for an old speech of the colonel's on
+the trusts. This speech had been the basis of recent criticism by
+William J. Bryan, and after a secretary had unearthed it and Col.
+Roosevelt had gone over it he said he intended to reply to Mr. Byran's
+criticism either in a statement or in a speech.
+
+  [Illustration: Automobile in Which Ex-President Roosevelt Stood when
+    Shot.
+  Crosses Marked Where Col. Roosevelt and Schrank Stood.
+  George F. Moss, Owner and Driver of Automobile.]
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VIII.
+
+ARREST, APPEARS IN COURT.
+
+
+Within five minutes after he had fired the bullet into ex-President
+Roosevelt's right side, John Flammang Schrank was on his way in the
+auto police patrol to the central police station, Milwaukee.
+
+Those who overpowered Schrank were Elbert E. Martin, Capt. A. O.
+Girard, Col. Cecil Lyon of Texas, Sergeant Albert Murray of the
+Milwaukee police department and Detectives Harry Ridenour, Louis
+Hartman and Valentine Skierawski of the Milwaukee police department.
+
+The thousands who were in the vicinity of the shooting clamored for
+Schrank's life.
+
+Capt. Girard and Sergeant Murray fought off the crowd and literally
+dragged Schrank into the Hotel Gilpatrick through the main entrance,
+through the lobby and into the hotel kitchen.
+
+Here Schrank was left in charge of Capt. Girard and Herman Rollfink
+while Sergeant Murray telephoned the central police station for the
+auto patrol. Upon its arrival Schrank was hustled into it and taken to
+the central station.
+
+Schrank having disappeared, the crowd about the hotel hurried to the
+Auditorium. This vast building was filled to capacity, 9,000, and at
+least 15,000 were outside unable to even get to the doors, which had
+been closed and locked by attendants at 8 o'clock.
+
+When Schrank was first questioned at the central station he declined to
+give his name. Within a short time, however, under supervision of Chief
+John T. Janssen, he submitted to an examination, which appears in full
+in another chapter.
+
+Schrank necessarily was roughly handled immediately after firing the
+shot. He clung to the revolver until it was wrenched from him, and at
+one time he was beneath a pile of struggling men in the street car
+tracks immediately in front of Hotel Gilpatrick.
+
+One of the detectives, in his efforts to get hold of Schrank, was
+carried down with Schrank beneath this struggling mass of men.
+
+When Schrank arrived at the central station he was little the worse for
+his rough handling, except that his clothing was badly soiled, his
+collar torn off and his hair disheveled. He looked as though he were
+glad he had been rescued from the crowd crying for his life.
+
+Searched at the central station the following letter was found in a
+coat pocket:
+
+    "To the People of the United States:
+
+    "September 15, 1901--1:30 A.M.
+
+    "In a dream I saw President McKinley sit up in his coffin pointing
+    at a man in a monk's attire in whom I recognized Theodore
+    Roosevelt. The dead president said--This is my murderer--avenge my
+    death.
+
+    "September 14, 1912--1:30 A.M.
+
+    "While writing a poem some one tapped me on the shoulder and
+    said--let not a murderer take the presidential chair, avenge my
+    death. I could clearly see Mr. McKinley's features. Before the
+    Almighty God, I swear that the above written is nothing but the
+    truth.
+
+    "So long as Japan could rise to be one of the greatest powers of
+    the world despite her surviving a tradition more than 2,000 years
+    old, as Gen. Nogi demonstrated, it is the duty of the United States
+    of America to see that the third termer be regarded as a traitor to
+    the American cause. Let it be the right and duty of every citizen
+    to forcibly remove a third termer.
+
+    "Never let a third term party emblem appear on an official ballot.
+    I am willing to die for my country. God has called me to be his
+    instrument, so help me God.
+
+    "Innocent--Guilty."
+
+On a sheet of paper taken from the man when he was searched at the
+central station, the police found a list of nine hotels where he is
+supposed to have stopped recently.
+
+The following is the list: Mosely hotel, Charleston, S. C.; Planters
+hotel, Augusta, Ga.; Childs' hotel, Atlanta, Ga.; Plaza hotel,
+Birmingham, Ala.; Redmon hotel, Chattanooga, Tenn.; Third Avenue hotel,
+Rome, Tenn.; Bismark hotel, Nashville, Tenn.; Station hotel,
+Evansville, Ind., and the Normandy hotel, Louisville, Ky.
+
+At 10:35 o'clock on the morning of October 15 Schrank was taken to
+District court before Judge N. B. Neelen. He admitted that he had fired
+the bullet which hit ex-President Roosevelt, and he was bound over to
+the December term of Municipal court, with bail fixed at $7,500. Bail
+was later raised to $15,000.
+
+Before Schrank appeared in court District Attorney Winifred C. Zabel
+said:
+
+"So far as I have been able to determine from several examinations,
+John Schrank is legally sane," declared District Attorney W. C. Zabel,
+in discussing Theodore Roosevelt's would-be assassin, yesterday.
+
+"He has a perfect knowledge of right and wrong and realizes that the
+act he committed was against the law. Medically he may have a slight
+aberration, but only experts could determine that.
+
+"Schrank will have as fair a trial under the law as any other man. He
+has been given ample time in which to prepare his case, and, if he does
+not engage an attorney himself, one will be appointed to defend him."
+
+Schrank expressed no desire to be tried in a hurry. The revolver from
+which the shot had been fired, together with the shirt and underwear
+worn by Col. Roosevelt were brought into court and exhibited by
+Detective Louis Hartman.
+
+At the suggestion of others, Judge Neelen ordered the revolver and
+bullets taken to Dean R. E. W. Sommers, Marquette university, for
+chemical analysis to determine whether the bullets were poisoned.
+
+Schrank seemed unconcerned over the crime he had committed.
+
+"You are charged with assault with intent to kill and murder," said
+District Attorney Zabel. "What do you plead, guilty or not guilty?"
+
+"I am guilty," answered Schrank quietly.
+
+The court then explained to Schrank that he was charged with a serious
+offense, and had the right to ask for an adjournment and time in which
+to obtain legal counsel and prepare a defense.
+
+"I understand that," said Schrank. "I plead guilty and waive
+examination."
+
+"Then you are bound over to the municipal court under bonds of $5,000,"
+said the court. Schrank was then asked if he wanted a speedy trial.
+
+"No, I don't want one at once," was the reply. "I wish to have some
+time."
+
+"We will give you plenty of time. You will be tried during the December
+term of the Municipal court."
+
+As Schrank was being led back to the prisoners' "pen," one of the
+newspaper men standing, remembering that President McKinley died
+because of a poisoned bullet, reminded the court that it might be well
+to have the bullets in Schrank's revolver chemically analyzed.
+
+"Oh, if that's the case, it makes it much more serious," said the
+court. "Infection might set in. I'll raise the bail from $5,000 to
+$7,500."
+
+A crowd of not more than 200 was seated in the courtroom when Schrank's
+case was called, the general impression being that he would not be
+examined before October 16. When his name was called every one in the
+room pushed forward, and it was necessary for the deputies and
+policemen to use force to push them back of the railing.
+
+When in the "bullpen" Schrank's fellow prisoners shrank away from him.
+They knew of his attempt to assassinate the former president, and he
+was an outcast, even among his own kind.
+
+He was led from the courtroom by Sheriff Arnold and a special corps of
+deputies, the officials fearing violence, to the county jail, where he
+was lodged in a cell on the first floor.
+
+Schrank on his arrival in Milwaukee registered at the Argyle hotel, 270
+West Water street, and was assigned to room number 1. He paid for his
+room in advance and was very seldom seen at the hotel thereafter.
+
+His meals, according to the clerk, he took outside. The clerk said the
+only time the man was seen about the hotel was when he walked in and
+out.
+
+He was registered under the name of "Albert Ross," which name he has
+registered under in a number of hotels at which he stopped while
+following Col. Roosevelt about the country.
+
+Without a tremor in his voice and talking willingly in the central
+station, Schrank unfolded the fact that he had at one time been engaged
+to be married to Miss Elsie Ziegler, New York, one of the victims of
+the General Slocum steamboat disaster, in which over a thousand lives
+were lost.
+
+As he spoke of the girl his voice softened and his eyes sought the
+floor of his cell. His lips seemed to quiver slightly, the first
+evidence of remorse since his arrest.
+
+Asked if the fact that the girl had lost her life during the disaster
+had anything to do with the act he clenched his hands and with an angry
+jerk of his head almost shouted his answer to the questioner.
+
+"She had nothing to do with it," he exclaimed. "She was a beautiful
+girl and I want you to understand that her soul is cleared from any
+part of this act."
+
+The five sets of finger prints were taken by the police at the request
+of police departments of other cities.
+
+The warrant under which Schrank was arrested read as follows:
+
+    "John Schrank, being then and there armed with a dangerous weapon,
+    to-wit, a loaded revolver, did then and there, unlawfully, wilfully
+    and feloniously make an assault in and upon one, Theodore
+    Roosevelt, with said loaded revolver, with intent, then and there,
+    him, the said Theodore Roosevelt, unlawfully, willingly and
+    feloniously and of his malice aforethought to kill and murder."
+
+The crime with which Schrank still is charged reads as follows:
+
+    "Assault with intent to murder or rob. Section 4376. Any person
+    being armed with a dangerous weapon who shall assault another with
+    intent to rob or murder shall be punished by imprisonment in the
+    state prison not more than fifteen years nor less than one year."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IX.
+
+APPEARS IN MUNICIPAL COURT.
+
+
+November 13 Schrank appeared in Municipal court before Judge August C.
+Backus. Two sessions of court, lasting only a few minutes each, were
+necessary to dispose of Schrank's preliminary hearing. At 10 o'clock
+the court heard Schrank's plea of guilty, and took recess until 2
+o'clock, when the following physicians were appointed to look into the
+prisoner's mental condition: Dr. F. C. Studley, Dr. W. F. Becker, Dr.
+Richard Dewey, Dr. W. F. Wegge, and Dr. D. W. Harrington, all of
+Milwaukee.
+
+The court also appointed Attorney James G. Flanders to represent
+Schrank.
+
+At both sessions of the court, Schrank appeared perfectly at ease,
+walking inside the bar with a jaunty air, chin up and a curious look on
+his face. His appearance had changed considerably since the night he
+shot the ex-President. Then his clothing was torn and bedraggled, his
+hair unkempt, face unshaven and his expression wild.
+
+  [Illustration: Johnston Emergency Hospital, Milwaukee.]
+
+In Municipal court he was neatly dressed in a carefully pressed suit of
+blue serge, shoes shined, clean linen and spotless white tie, with a
+white handkerchief peeping out of a side coat pocket. He had been
+cleanly shaven and his hair was carefully pasted down, while in his
+hands he carried a new fedora hat and a raincoat.
+
+As he was led to the front of the courtroom by Deputy Sheriff Albert
+Melms, everyone in the crowd stared at him, but the prisoner walked
+with a firm step, and looked neither to the right nor left. It was only
+when he was called before the bar and asked to plead, that he wavered,
+and then only for an instant. Judge Backus ordered him to stand and
+listen to the charge made against him, reciting that "John Schrank, on
+Oct. 14, with malice aforethought, did attempt to kill and murder
+Theodore Roosevelt."
+
+"What do you plead to that, guilty or not guilty?" asked District
+Attorney W. C. Zabel.
+
+"I plead guilty to the shooting," answered the prisoner in a voice that
+was slightly husky.
+
+"Did you intend to kill Theodore Roosevelt?" asked Mr. Zabel.
+
+Here the prisoner's voice became steady again, and he answered:
+
+"I did not intend to kill the citizen Roosevelt."
+
+"Did you intend to kill the candidate Roosevelt?"
+
+"I intended to kill Theodore Roosevelt, the third termer," was the
+answer. "I did not want to kill the candidate of the Progressive party.
+I shot Roosevelt as a warning to other third termers."
+
+"There we have it," broke in the court, and Schrank was told that he
+might take his seat.
+
+District Attorney Zabel moved that the court either appoint a
+commission of alienists to examine Schrank or have him tried before a
+jury. Judge Backus announced that he would appoint a commission of five
+experts at 2 o'clock, and took a recess, ordering the deputies to take
+Schrank back to the county jail. As the prisoner arose to leave many of
+those in the courtroom rushed for the door, but all fell back when the
+court said:
+
+"Let no man leave the courtroom until the prisoner has left the city
+hall."
+
+At the afternoon session Schrank was simply brought in and allowed to
+sit at one of the tables. When the physicians who are to examine him
+arose to be sworn, he eyed them curiously, but evinced no outward signs
+of emotion.
+
+The court allowed the alienists as much time as they desired to make
+the examination of the prisoner, and ordered the sheriff to allow them
+to see Schrank whenever they wished. The prisoner also was given an
+opportunity to confer with his attorney.
+
+The decision which the alienists were to reach, as ordered by the
+court, was whether "the defendant, John Schrank, is sane at the present
+time."
+
+District Attorney Zabel announced that the following had been
+subpoenaed as witnesses: Detectives Louis Hartman, and Valentine
+Skierawski; Dr. Robert G. Sayle and Dr. T. W. Williams, Emergency
+hospital, who attended Col. Roosevelt; Capt. A. O. Girard and John
+Campbell, Rescue Mission, an eyewitness.
+
+Mr. Zabel received several letters and telegrams from New York asking
+for leniency, and commending Schrank's action.
+
+Several were sent with the request that they be handed to the attorney
+who would defend the prisoner.
+
+People all over the country sent letters to District Attorney W. C.
+Zabel advising him how to handle Schrank.
+
+"Think of all the brains that are uniting with mine in trying to
+determine how to handle this case," said Mr. Zabel, with a laugh. "And
+the best part of it is that it's not costing the city or county a cent
+either. How do you like this one," handing over a letter which said:
+
+"For God's sake, don't let any Catholic priest get near him."
+
+Another said: "Hang him up by the thumbs. No punishment is too horrible
+for such a man."
+
+A third man looked with suspicion upon the Socialist district attorney,
+and believed that he read something wrong in the statement that Schrank
+would not be placed on trial immediately.
+
+"Probably Schrank is not so crazy after all," this man wrote. And then
+he insinuated that Schrank very carefully planned to commit the deed in
+a state where there is no capital punishment and in a county--the only
+one in the country--in which "there is a Socialist district attorney."
+
+Still another advised the district attorney to look into the minutest
+details, as he saw some big rich and powerful influence back of Schrank
+which had urged him on to the crime.
+
+"These are only a few of the letters I received from men who are
+probably in as bad a mental state as they seem to think Schrank is,"
+said the district attorney.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER X.
+
+SCHRANK DECLARED INSANE.
+
+
+On November 22 Schrank was declared insane by the five alienists who
+had examined him. He appeared in Municipal court and was committed to
+the Northern Hospital for the Insane at Oshkosh, Wis., by Judge August
+C. Backus in the following order:
+
+    "FINDINGS OF THE COURT:
+
+    "The court now finds that the defendant John Schrank is insane, and
+    therefore incapacitated to act for himself.
+
+    "IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED AND ADJUDGED, that the defendant John
+    Schrank be committed to the Northern Hospital for Insane, near
+    Oshkosh, in the county of Winnebago, state of Wisconsin, until such
+    time when he shall have recovered from such insanity, when he shall
+    be returned to this court for further proceedings according to law.
+
+    "AND IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, that all proceedings in this case be
+    stayed indefinitely and until such recovery.
+
+    "IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, that the sheriff of Milwaukee county is
+    hereby ordered to convey the said John Schrank to the said Northern
+    Hospital for Insane, near Oshkosh, in the county of Winnebago,
+    state of Wisconsin, and there to deliver him to the superintendent
+    thereof and the said superintendent is hereby ordered and directed
+    to receive the said John Schrank as an inmate of said hospital and
+    there to keep him until he has recovered from such insanity, when
+    he shall be returned to this court for further proceedings as
+    provided by law."
+
+Schrank expressed the keenest disappointment both on the report of the
+insanity commission and also on the judgment of the court.
+
+"Why didn't they give me my medicine right away, instead of making me
+wait," he exclaimed bitterly as he was led to the county jail. "I did
+it, and I am willing to stand the consequences of my act.
+
+"I want to say now that I am sane, and know what I am doing all the
+time. I am not a lunatic, and never was one."
+
+Schrank offered no defense. Before the judgment of the court was
+pronounced he was asked if he had any statement to make.
+
+"I have nothing to say," he said clearly.
+
+While Judge Backus was reading the judgment, Schrank sat with bowed
+head. His fingers twitched nervously, but otherwise he gave no outward
+sign. As the deputy sheriffs led him away, he stopped and insisted upon
+shaking hands with each one of the five alienists.
+
+Although Schrank was not called to the witness stand during the
+inquisition yesterday afternoon, District Attorney W. C. Zabel
+introduced testimony to show Schrank's every movement in Milwaukee,
+from the time he arrived until the time he shot Col. Roosevelt.
+
+This testimony tended to show that Schrank "filled up" on beer just
+before he committed the act, although each of the witnesses insisted
+that he was not intoxicated at the time he did the shooting. One
+policeman said that he was dazed, but was not intoxicated.
+
+The testimony showed that Schrank spent the early part of the evening
+he shot Col. Roosevelt in the saloon of Herman Rollfink, 215 Third
+street, where he posed as a newspaper man "out on an investigating
+trip."
+
+"Schrank came into the saloon at 3 o'clock in the afternoon and drank
+five or six beers," testified Paul Thume, a bartender. "He told me he
+was a newspaper man, and to prove it, he pointed to the newspapers in
+his pockets.
+
+"We got to talking, and I told him I was going out west to earn some
+money. He advised me to go south to make money. He wanted a place to
+room, but when I recommended a room for $1 a day, he kicked. Said he
+was willing to pay 75 cents.
+
+"He came in again at 7 o'clock in the evening and we talked some more.
+He then asked the bar musicians to play some song, something with
+stripes in it, and then he bought each one a drink."
+
+For the first time during the hearing, Schrank smiled. It started in a
+broad smile, and then extended until it covered his entire face. It
+developed that he asked the musicians to play the "Star Spangled
+Banner," which the bartender described as a song having "stripes" in
+it.
+
+Schrank left the saloon only a few minutes before he did the shooting,
+after having again treated all to drinks.
+
+The testimony of the barkeeper was substantiated by two musicians,
+Frank Galk and James Crawford, who said that Schrank danced around
+while they were playing.
+
+Herman Rollfink told how he jumped on Schrank after the shooting and
+blocked the door to the kitchen in the hotel after Schrank had been
+carried in there.
+
+Capt. Alfred O. Girard said:
+
+"I saw Schrank in the crowd just as I was getting into Col. Roosevelt's
+automobile. I saw him as he raised the gun up between two men. I saw
+the flash, and almost simultaneously, I sprang upon him. After taking
+him into the hotel, we searched him, but found no other weapons."
+
+Three policemen were placed on the stand as witnesses, and each one
+insisted that he was not detailed to service there, but had been
+attracted to the spot by the crowd.
+
+This tended to show that Col. Roosevelt had no police protection while
+he was in Milwaukee.
+
+Robert M. Lenten, clerk at the Argyle hotel, recognized Schrank as the
+guest who signed his name as Albert Ross.
+
+"He came to the hotel about 10:15 Sunday night and I assigned him to
+room No. 1," he said. "He did not act unusual, and we talked as I
+showed him to his room. The room is right above the Milwaukee river, so
+I told him he had better keep away from the window, if he didn't want
+to fall into the 'Wabash.' That's the name we give to the river."
+
+This struck Schrank as funny and he laughed again.
+
+The report of the alienists was filed with the court just before 10
+o'clock in the morning. It included fifty pages of typewritten matter,
+and its reading consumed nearly two hours. After the report was read,
+the alienists were placed on the stand and questioned by the district
+attorney.
+
+  [Illustration: Judge August C. Backus.]
+
+Schrank listened to the reading of the report without the slightest
+sign of interest, until the clerk read the findings pronouncing him
+insane.
+
+Schrank was taken to the Northern Hospital for the Insane, Oshkosh, by
+Deputy Sheriff Richard Muldenhauer and Fred Becker, bookkeeper in the
+sheriffs office, on the morning of November 25, at 11 o'clock.
+
+The three left the sheriffs office in an automobile shortly before 11
+o'clock and arrived at the Chicago & Northwestern depot, Milwaukee, a
+few minutes before train time.
+
+Before leaving the jail Schrank asked for the sheriff and thanked him
+for his kindness during his confinement in the county jail. He also
+shook hands with Jailer Adam Roth and deputies who have been with him
+during the trial.
+
+Schrank's duties at the Northern Hospital for the Insane and are light
+and remain so until the physicians of the hospital have had ample time
+to observe him.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XI.
+
+SHOWS REPENTANCE BUT ONCE.
+
+
+Although Schrank's bail finally was fixed at $15,000, bail would not
+have been accepted. This was announced by District Attorney Zabel. One
+of the several reasons for raising the bail was that motion picture men
+had planned to pay Schrank's bail and secure his release long enough to
+once again go through the shooting for the purpose of making a motion
+picture film of the event.
+
+"I absolutely refused to sanction such a thing," said the district
+attorney. "It is bad enough to have it happen once without perpetuating
+the deed by enacting it once again for the motion picture men.
+
+"I do not begrudge the earning of the motion picture men. What I object
+to is the demoralizing effect such a picture film would have. It would
+tend to make a hero out of this man, and I don't propose that the young
+shall be allowed to worship him as a hero.
+
+"I understand, however, that a motion picture concern, when it found
+how we had frustrated its attempts to secure an actual picture of
+Schrank actually reproduced a scene of taking Schrank from the county
+jail to the city hall by palming off another man who resembles Schrank.
+
+"In order to reproduce a scene of taking him from the jail, they picked
+out a building that resembled the jail, the Ivanhoe temple. They
+reproduced Schrank emerging from the 'jail' between two bogus deputy
+sheriffs. Later some one told me the same performance was repeated at
+the city hall to convey the impression that the would-be slayer was
+being taken into the city hall and up to the courtrooms."
+
+During the time Schrank was confined in jail he showed signs of
+repentance but once, that was on Sunday, October 24, when religious
+services were conducted in the jail.
+
+The Rev. Mr. Cavanam, a traveling evangelist, started the services
+shortly after 10 o'clock. Schrank, who a week before refused to attend
+services conducted by Christian Endeavorers, was one of the first to
+appear when a hymn was started.
+
+At the close of the sermon Schrank turned away and walked to his cell
+with head bowed. He entered the cell and fell on his knees alongside
+his cot. Several of the prisoners who had been walking up and down the
+corridor stopped in amazement on seeing Schrank on his knees, but
+quietly walked away until he had finished.
+
+When Miss Alice Evans, a soloist, sang a song, Schrank reappeared, and
+the prisoners noticed a happy look on his face which had not been
+visible before during his imprisonment. After the religious people had
+left the jail Schrank mingled more than had been his wont with the
+other prisoners, and seemed to be in high spirits.
+
+When Gustave Struber delivered an address to the prisoners in German
+Schrank appeared to be one of the most attentive hearers, and shook
+hands with the speaker before he left the jail.
+
+There is nothing about Schrank which portrays the human fiend.
+
+On the contrary, he is a very ordinary type. There are hundreds of
+thousands men of his very type, and who are peaceable citizens.
+
+The only way that Schrank differs from other men is in mind. He
+undoubtedly is a degenerate possessing a depraved and diseased mind,
+but there is nothing in his physical make-up that would brand him as
+such.
+
+Police Chief John T. Janssen, student of human nature, penetratingly
+studied and measured the man's features for hours during examinations,
+and arrived at the conclusion that the man was suffering from a
+condition of mind known as paranoia, pronounced the most dangerous form
+of insanity.
+
+This mental disease makes a man a monomaniac. He is perfectly sane,
+except upon one subject, which controls him and pushes him forward,
+even in some cases, to murder.
+
+In telling of his crime, there was nothing defiant about Schrank. He
+displayed no bravado. He told everything in a frank tone of voice--too
+frank, almost, as it raised the suspicion that probably Schrank was not
+a mad man.
+
+There is nothing about him that would cause any passer-by to glance at
+Schrank twice. And his face is the most uninteresting part of him.
+
+His face is fat and round--moon-shaped. His eyes are placed wide apart,
+but this effect is lost through ptosis, a species of paralysis of the
+eyelids, which gives the eyes a half closed appearance, and is
+responsible for the sleepy look in his face. It affects one eye more
+than the other and is responsible for that squint which has been
+designated as "a murderous squint" by sensationalists.
+
+His nose is rather large and prominent. Continued application of the
+handkerchief has caused it to turn almost sharply to the left.
+
+His weak mouth finishes off what would otherwise be a fairly good face.
+Cover mouth and chin and one will say that he has the strong face of
+the ordinary American workingman. His lips, for the most part, are
+closed, but in an irregular line, giving the idea that his jaws are
+hanging loosely.
+
+Altogether, he is not a repulsive looking man. Merely a weak looking
+man. Laughs and grins come readily during his conversations.
+
+The only remarkable feature about him is his knowledge of American
+history and politics. He is able to talk intelligently upon modern
+political questions, showing that he is a great reader along these
+lines.
+
+The more one looks at him and studies him, the more one wonders what it
+is that could have pressed him forward to commit such a deed.
+
+Nothing explains his weak character more than his hesitancy to fire the
+shot at Chattanooga. He had traveled miles to do it, and at the last
+minute his courage oozed out. The same thing happened in Chicago. He
+stood at Hotel La Salle with murder in his heart, but hesitated until
+it was too late.
+
+And when he struck Milwaukee, he acted just like a boy afraid to coast
+down a big hill, who, finally impelled by the taunts of his comrades,
+closes his eyes and starts.
+
+Look down through history and you find that the most atrocious crimes
+were committed by weak persons of the same caliber as John Flammang
+Schrank.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XII.
+
+SCHRANK BEFORE CHIEF.
+
+
+John Flammang Schrank was taken to the central police station,
+Milwaukee, immediately upon his arrest in front of the Hotel
+Gilpatrick. Under direction of Chief John T. Janssen, of the Milwaukee
+police department, the following examination of Schrank was conducted:
+
+Chief. What is your name?
+
+A. Do I have to tell that tonight, sir?
+
+Q. Yes.
+
+A. I have to?
+
+Q. Yes.
+
+A. I have given the man below the promise I will do that tomorrow, tell
+him all I know.
+
+Q. Well, there is no reason for you to do that tomorrow, if you do it
+this evening it will facilitate matters.
+
+A. I suppose I will inconvenience someone by not telling.
+
+Q. Yes, you are helping a good deal by telling.
+
+A. Well, I come from New York.
+
+Q. What is your name?
+
+A. John Schrank.
+
+Q. When did you come here from New York?
+
+A. I left New York on the twenty-first of September and I left for
+Charleston and I left my grip there in the Hotel Mosely; from
+Charleston to Augusta and from there to Atlanta and from Atlanta I
+think to Birmingham and over to Chattanooga, and from Chattanooga I
+went to Nashville and then to Evansville, and then to Louisville, and
+then to Chicago, and from Chicago here, and I arrived here Sunday at
+one o'clock.
+
+Q. Why did you go to all those places?
+
+A. Because I wanted to meet that man.
+
+Q. What man?
+
+A. Theodore Roosevelt.
+
+Q. How long have you lived in New York?
+
+A. About twenty-five years.
+
+Q. What is your business?
+
+A. Well, I am not doing anything now, I have been in the liquor
+business.
+
+Q. Where?
+
+A. In New York.
+
+Q. What place?
+
+A. Tenth street.
+
+Q. Give us the number please?
+
+A. Three hundred seventy, East Tenth street, between avenues B and C; I
+have been with my uncle; my uncle's name is Flammang.
+
+Q. Are you a married man?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. How long have you been in the liquor business?
+
+A. Well, ever since I was a boy. My folks were in business the time I
+come over here and I was twelve years old then.
+
+Q. How old are you now?
+
+A. Thirty-six.
+
+Q. Well, what object did you have in following around and trying to
+meet Theodore Roosevelt?
+
+A. Well, because I have been reading history and following up history
+and I have seen that this man Roosevelt is trying to break one of the
+old established traditions of the country, calling it a third termer,
+which he has no right to; he can create a third party and create all
+the offices, but to nominate himself it was absolutely out of the way
+and I think today that it is absolutely unnecessary to establish now
+and have the third tradition to exist and not to be violated by
+anybody.
+
+Q. Well, what did you have in mind to do when you went around in these
+different places?
+
+A. I had in mind to meet him and he escaped me every time; he escaped
+me in Atlanta and Chattanooga.
+
+Q. He escaped what?
+
+A. He has not come the way I expected, he did not come out the way I
+expected; if he goes in a hall today and speaks in a hall and he come
+in this way or that way he goes out a different way and the man got
+away.
+
+Q. What did he escape from?
+
+A. From the places I wanted to meet him?
+
+Q. Why did you want to meet him?
+
+A. Because I wanted to put him out of the way. A man that wants a third
+term has no right to live.
+
+Q. That is, you wanted to kill him?
+
+A. I did.
+
+Q. Have you any other reason in wanting to kill him?
+
+A. I have.
+
+Q. What is that?
+
+A. I had a dream several years ago that Mr. McKinley appeared to me and
+he told me that Mr. Roosevelt is practically his real murderer and not
+this here Czolgosz, or whatever his name was, Mr. Roosevelt is
+practically the man that has been the real murderer of President
+McKinley in order to get the presidency of the United States, because
+the way things were that time he was not supposed to be a president;
+all the leaders did not want him, that's the reason they give him the
+vice-presidency, which is political suicide; and that's what I am sore
+about, to think Mr. McKinley appeared to me in a dream and said, "this
+is my murderer and nobody else."
+
+Q. Did you speak with anybody in New York about this before you left?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. You made your mind up to this all yourself?
+
+A. Yes, because I am alone, although I own property in New York.
+
+Q. What property?
+
+A. I own property in four hundred thirty-three East Eighty-first
+street.
+
+Q. What does it consist of?
+
+A. It consists of an apartment house with ten tenants; it's estimated
+at twenty-five thousand dollars.
+
+Q. Did you attend any political meetings in New York before you left?
+
+A. I attended several, yes, sir; ever since I was coming across the
+country; I had political meetings in Evansville, Indiana, of the three
+political parties.
+
+Q. Who furnished you with the funds that you needed to travel around
+the country?
+
+A. I beg your pardon, I was just telling you I have property there and
+had the money.
+
+  [Illustration: Winifred C. Zabel, District Attorney Milwaukee County.]
+
+Q. Have you any money now?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. When did you run out?
+
+A. I just took this three hundred dollars to go around and all I saved
+up is one hundred forty dollars.
+
+Q. Where did you leave that?
+
+A. I left that here.
+
+Q. Well, why did you come here; oh, this was yesterday?
+
+A. I came here Sunday at one o'clock in order to find out in the city
+where he was going to speak and where I could meet him.
+
+Q. You never were married?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. You said a minute ago you weren't doing anything now; when did you
+go out of business?
+
+A. I am out of business going on two years, living off the income of
+the property.
+
+Q. And that is sufficient to keep you?
+
+A. Sufficient to keep me as long as I keep in my limits.
+
+Q. How much is the property worth?
+
+A. Well, it has been worth for twenty-five, supposed to be worth at
+twenty-five and taxed at twenty-five thousand.
+
+Q. How much is the income you derive from it?
+
+A. Around eight hundred dollars a year.
+
+Q. And do you live with your brother when you are at home?
+
+A. I have no brother. I have been living for the past seven months in
+one hundred fifty-six Canal street, New York, that's a hotel.
+
+Q. What is the name of the hotel?
+
+A. White House they call it; the owner of the hotel is Jost, Gustav,
+Gustav Jost.
+
+Q. How long you been living there?
+
+A. I think seven months.
+
+Q. Is there a bar connected with the place?
+
+A. Oh, indeed.
+
+Q. Have you been drinking lately?
+
+A. No, sir; no, sir; that ain't my habit.
+
+Q. What is your favorite drink when you do?
+
+A. Beer.
+
+Q. If you had your mind set upon shooting Mr. Roosevelt, how does it
+come that you had to follow him to so many places before you came here?
+
+A. As I have been telling you a minute ago, he escaped me many a time,
+he escaped me in Chicago.
+
+Q. By leaving the place where he spoke by some other door?
+
+A. By some other door and I was watching and he didn't come out that
+way and it was advertised by the papers he would come on the
+Northwestern and instead he come on the St. Paul.
+
+Q. Where did you buy the revolver?
+
+A. In New York.
+
+Q. When?
+
+A. On Saturday the twenty-first.
+
+Q. And you bought it with the object in view of shooting Mr. Roosevelt?
+
+A. Yes, sir; exactly.
+
+Q. Where did you buy it?
+
+A. I could not really tell you where I bought it, in Broadway, I know
+it's below Canal street, but I could not tell you the name.
+
+Q. What's the make?
+
+A. Colt; thirty-eight caliber; it's where you turn the barrel to the
+side way, it's none of those you open this way.
+
+Q. What kind of place, a hardware store or gun shop?
+
+A. No, sir; nothing but guns; I paid fourteen dollars for it.
+
+Q. Did you ever discuss this matter with any other person of what you
+intended to do?
+
+A. No, sir; no, sir.
+
+Q. You didn't speak to anyone?
+
+A. I discussed as far as the political discussion is concerned, but I
+never give anybody a hint that I was going to do this, that was all my
+own make-up.
+
+Q. You didn't tell anybody why you bought the revolver?
+
+A. No, sir; nobody knew I bought a revolver.
+
+Q. In this dream that you had, McKinley told you that it wasn't
+Czolgosz that killed McKinley, but it was Roosevelt?
+
+A. Well, he says in this way, "this is my murderer."
+
+Q. Did you ever meet Czolgosz or know him in his life-time?
+
+A. No, sir; no, sir; how could I. I have been all that time since I
+have been here in New York.
+
+Q. Did you know John Most when he was alive?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you ever hear him talk?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you ever hear Emma Goldman?
+
+A. No, sir; I am not an anarchist or socialist or democrat or
+republican; I just took up the thing the way I thought it was best to
+do.
+
+Q. You are not a member of any party?
+
+A. No, sir; I thought there should be an example of the third term if
+it should exist any longer; Mr. Grant was refused and he was satisfied;
+this man was refused and he is not satisfied; it's gone beyond limits;
+if he keeps on doing this after election, he can't possibly carry a
+solid western state; the next thing we will have is a Civil War,
+because he will say the scoundrels and thieves and crooks stole my
+nomination and now they will steal my election, and they will take up
+arms in all the western states; we are facing a civil war just to keep
+him in a third term, in an illegitimate place.
+
+Q. Where did you get all this idea from?
+
+A. I have been reading history all the time.
+
+Q. You don't find that anywhere in history that they stole his
+nomination and going to steal his election?
+
+A. I don't have to read that in history; you must know in the Chicago
+convention it was in every paper, everybody could read it.
+
+Q. You read it in the paper then?
+
+A. He says it every time he speaks.
+
+Q. What paper do you read at home in New York?
+
+A. The World.
+
+Q. Is that the only paper you read?
+
+A. I read German papers and every paper I got, but the regular paper is
+the World.
+
+Q. What country do you hail from?
+
+A. Germany.
+
+Q. What part of Germany?
+
+A. Bavaria.
+
+Q. What is the name of the place?
+
+A. Two hours from Munich; Munich is the capital of Bavaria.
+
+Q. What is the name of the place?
+
+A. Erding.
+
+Q. What schooling did you have?
+
+A. Well, I have attended school in the old country and I attended night
+school in New York for about four winters; that's all the schooling I
+had.
+
+Q. You haven't a very good education then?
+
+A. Indeed I ain't.
+
+Q. Have you always enjoyed good health?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I am a healthy, sane man, never been sick.
+
+Q. Never been sick?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Ever been sick within the last year?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Well, do you believe that that's a sane act that you committed this
+evening?
+
+A. I believe that is my duty as a citizen to do, it's the duty of every
+citizen to do so.
+
+Q. Well, how did you happen to get the idea that it was your duty among
+all the people that live in the United States?
+
+A. I don't know; I thought maybe somebody else might do it before I got
+there.
+
+Q. And you spoke to no one about your intention on all the route you
+took concerning this, nobody?
+
+A. No, sir; nobody.
+
+Q. Are you familiar with the law in New York with reference to carrying
+concealed weapons?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. What is it?
+
+A. I know when I bought the gun the man told me, "I have to take that
+one screw out in order to make the trigger ineffective" and I told him
+not to do so because I was going to leave town the very same day, which
+I did.
+
+Q. He didn't take it out?
+
+A. No, sir; he didn't do it; I showed him the ticket for the steamship
+that I was going south the very same day and he said as long as I was
+going out the law didn't fit that.
+
+Q. Where were you going to?
+
+A. To Charleston.
+
+Q. On the steamship to Charleston?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I wanted to go from New York to New Orleans because I
+thought he was going to speak in New Orleans and I thought I would be
+too long on the road and he would be gone before I got there and I
+thought I would go and get him at Atlanta.
+
+Q. What hotel did Mr. Roosevelt stop at in Charleston?
+
+A. Sir?
+
+Q. What hotel?
+
+A. He hasn't been at Charleston; I went to Augusta and from Augusta to
+Atlanta.
+
+Q. What hotel did he stop at at Atlanta?
+
+A. I really could not tell you, I don't know; I think I left the
+memorandum downstairs where I stopped, but I don't think I could tell
+you where he stopped.
+
+Q. What hotel did he stop at at Chicago?
+
+A. At Chicago, at Chicago he stopped, stopped at La Salle.
+
+Q. Where did you stop?
+
+A. I stopped at Jackson, Hotel Jackson.
+
+Q. Where is he going to after he leaves here?
+
+A. The way I read in the paper this morning he is going back to Chicago
+and from there to Indianapolis and from there to Louisville.
+
+Q. What name did you register under at Augusta?
+
+A. Walter Ross.
+
+Q. What name at Atlanta?
+
+A. All the way except Charleston I give my real name; the only time I
+give the right name is in Charleston where I left my grip; I saw it was
+a respectable house and I didn't have to stay away more than a week and
+now I have been away more than three weeks.
+
+Q. Have you a check for it?
+
+A. No, sir; I have no check; it is not a hotel, it is a boarding-house.
+
+Q. What street is it on?
+
+A. It is I believe on Meading street near Main.
+
+Q. What place did you stop at since you have been in this city?
+
+A. In this city I stopped here, let me see, what do they call that
+hotel again, right here on Wabash, small hotel.
+
+Q. Blatz?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. St. Charles?
+
+A. No, sir; small place, Argyle, that's on Third street.
+
+Q. Did you have any baggage when you came here?
+
+A. No, sir; I left all the baggage at Charleston.
+
+Q. When you registered did they ask you whether you had any baggage?
+
+A. No, sir; nobody asked me.
+
+Q. Did you pay in advance?
+
+A. I generally never stayed any longer than one or two nights and for
+every night I pay a dollar for my room; nobody asked me about baggage.
+
+Q. You paid that after you registered at the Argyle?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. What room did you occupy?
+
+A. In the Argyle I guess it was number one, right toward the Wabash
+River.
+
+Q. Why do you call it the Wabash River?
+
+A. Because the man told me it was; he said, "the only room I have left
+is the one facing the Wabash River."
+
+Q. What is the name of this city?
+
+A. This city, it's supposed to be Milwaukee; I feel very sorry that the
+trouble has happened in this city; I suppose I have made considerable
+trouble for you people and for the citizens of the town.
+
+Q. Have you any relatives living in this country?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Any in Germany?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I think I have, I haven't been in correspondence for quite
+a while, I don't know if they are well.
+
+Q. What relatives have you?
+
+A. I have a mother living there.
+
+Q. Mother?
+
+A. Yes, brother and sister.
+
+Q. At Erding?
+
+A. No, they are at Tyrol.
+
+Q. Switzerland?
+
+A. Tyrol that is not Switzerland, that is Bavarian Tyrol.
+
+Q. Have you ever been in trouble before?
+
+A. No, sir; not that I remember.
+
+Q. Ever been arrested for anything?
+
+A. Not in my life.
+
+Q. Have you ever been committed to an institution of any kind?
+
+A. No, sir; never, I have always stayed out of trouble, I have never
+been in any trouble whatever, and this trouble I committed myself, now
+I am contented I did.
+
+Q. You are not a bit sorry?
+
+A. No, sir. You may look up the records of all New York police
+headquarters, because I have never been there, I have never been
+arrested there.
+
+Q. What did you say your name was?
+
+A. John Schrank.
+
+Q. Did you tell anybody that you were going to leave your baggage
+there?
+
+A. I told them people I was going to stay away for about three days.
+
+Q. Did you make any arrangement for them to send it in case you wrote
+for it?
+
+A. No, sir; I stopped there two days and paid eight dollars in advance
+for a week's board, and I dressed up and went away and I told the
+people I might be back in three days and of course ever since then they
+didn't hear anything of me and I guess if they do hear and I can
+communicate they will give it over and all perhaps they will charge is
+the storage.
+
+Q. Why did you tell them you were going to be gone three days?
+
+A. I didn't think it would take longer than three days when I would be
+away.
+
+Q. Then you thought you would go back?
+
+A. I thought I would be arrested, I couldn't tell.
+
+Q. What does your grip contain?
+
+A. Nothing but a suit of clothes and underwear and I got a deed to my
+property and as I told you the box where the gun is in and that's about
+all there is in.
+
+Q. Are you a full citizen?
+
+A. Sir?
+
+Q. Are you a full citizen?
+
+A. What does that mean?
+
+Q. Got your second papers?
+
+A. I never had my first, I come over here a minor; I got my papers when
+I was twenty-one, I think my paper reads July twenty-third,
+ninety-seven; I think that's what it reads.
+
+Q. When did you first begin to think about this?
+
+A. I began to think of it after the Chicago convention.
+
+Q. What caused you to think of it?
+
+A. I thought on account of calling a new convention and starting the
+third party that makes anybody think; what's the use of being a citizen
+if you don't take any interest in the politics of our country?
+
+Q. What did you read in the paper that directed your mind to Mr.
+Roosevelt?
+
+A. You read a lot of things in the papers and especially in the New
+York World; the New York World practically come out that the country is
+in danger if he has the chair again.
+
+Q. Did you read Harper's Weekly?
+
+A. Harper's I don't read, no, sir.
+
+Q. Did they say anything in particular that centered your attention on
+this act?
+
+A. No, sir; not at all, perhaps a million people read it and didn't
+think anything and I just happened to read the matter over, I was
+interested from there.
+
+Q. Editorial page?
+
+A. Editorial page.
+
+Q. You remember any particular editorial?
+
+A. No, sir; I do not remember. I could not repeat it.
+
+Q. Well, did you read anything else in any other paper except the World
+that made any impression on you of Mr. Roosevelt?
+
+A. Well, in fact I have been following up all papers of the political
+views and I have been taking out the World as the right thing, she is
+right the way she talks and one paper I read, the New York Herald, and
+she never speaks about Theodore Roosevelt but the third termer and she
+don't mention his name, only the third termer.
+
+Q. Did you ever apply for any position in the United States Government?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you know Mr. Roosevelt when he was Police Commissioner?
+
+A. I did, indeed I did. In those days we was and my folks were in the
+liquor business and they closed us up like the other people and I
+didn't feel any sympathy with them.
+
+Q. Which particular place did he close up?
+
+A. What do you mean?
+
+Q. You say he closed up some place of your people, which one?
+
+A. He closed up all places.
+
+Q. Were you in the liquor business?
+
+A. I was with my folks.
+
+Q. With whom?
+
+A. My uncle.
+
+Q. He closed your uncle?
+
+A. He closed everything and there was about two months there was
+nothing open and a policeman stationed at every door.
+
+Q. That was after midnight and on Sunday?
+
+A. It was not closed up on Sunday but during the week, I am not talking
+about the Sunday Law.
+
+Q. And you thought that was not right?
+
+A. Anybody encroaches on your right you think it is not right.
+
+Q. How long ago was that?
+
+A. Eighty-six he ran for Mayor against Henry George, I think it was
+nine-three or ninety-four.
+
+Q. Did the fact of that act of his, of closing you up on Sunday, have
+anything to do with what you done tonight?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+  [Illustration: Dr. Joseph Colt Bloodgood, Johns Hopkins University.]
+
+Q. You never felt kindly toward him?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I did until he started a third party.
+
+Q. You thought he was infringing on your right?
+
+A. Well, on everybody's right, every citizen's right, he had no right
+to do that; he could start a party and nominate every officer in there,
+but not put himself on for a third term, that was no way to do.
+
+Q. Did you vote for him in nineteen hundred four or for Parker?
+
+A. I voted Democratic.
+
+Q. Parker?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. You a member of Tammany?
+
+A. No, I am not a member, I am not a member of any political party;
+when they arrested me one man called me a Socialist.
+
+Q. Did you oppose him in nineteen hundred four?
+
+A. I voted against him; I never expected the man to draw as big a
+majority as he did.
+
+Q. Did you make speeches against him?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Talk against him?
+
+A. The same as anybody else.
+
+Q. You thought he wasn't liberal?
+
+A. He was not liberal.
+
+Q. You didn't like his attitude, you were against him?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIII.
+
+WITNESSES OF THE SHOOTING.
+
+
+The following statements of Wheeler P. Bloodgood, representing the
+Progressive National committee; F. E. Davidson, Milwaukee county
+chairman of the Progressive party, Capt. A. O. Girard and others set
+forth arrangements for Col. Roosevelt's speech in the Auditorium on the
+night of October 14, 1912, and present many facts concerning the
+shooting of Col. Roosevelt not before made public.
+
+These statements were made to District Attorney W. C. Zabel during the
+examination of Schrank conducted by him on Oct. 16.
+
+The purpose of this hearing was to ascertain if possible whether others
+were with Schrank in the plot to kill the ex-president.
+
+While the examination developed a second man who was very anxious to
+get close to Col. Roosevelt during his stay in the Gilpatrick, no other
+evidence concerning this second man's connection with the shooting was
+developed.
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+The following statement by Attorney Wheeler P. Bloodgood was made on
+Oct. 16 to District Attorney Zabel:
+
+As the acting national committee man of the Progressive party in
+Wisconsin, I called a meeting of the Executive Committee in connection
+with the address to be made by Col. Roosevelt in Milwaukee, Oct. 14. By
+direction of the committee, F. E. Davidson, county chairman of
+Milwaukee County of the Progressive party, was put in charge of
+arrangements for the meeting, and was directed to lease the main hall
+of the Auditorium in Milwaukee for the evening of Oct. 14.
+
+After Mr. Davidson, who accompanied Mr. Norman L. Baker, state
+chairman, in engaging the hall and making other arrangements, had made
+his report, I discussed with him the question of proper police
+protection for Col. Roosevelt and his party while they were in
+Milwaukee, and Mr. Davidson informed me that he and Mr. Paul Heyl, whom
+he had appointed sergeant-at-arms, had taken this matter up with the
+police department of Milwaukee.
+
+I went to Chicago on the morning of Oct. 14th, accompanied by H. E.
+Miles and others. Col. Roosevelt and his party came to Milwaukee. On
+the train from Chicago to Milwaukee I advised Colonel Lyon, of Texas,
+who was in charge of Col. Roosevelt's person, that we would be met at
+the depot in Milwaukee by Mr. Davidson, who was in charge of the
+arrangements for the meeting, and by others, and that they would
+request that Col. Roosevelt have his supper, at least, at the Hotel
+Gilpatrick. I advised them that Mr. Davidson had made all of the
+arrangements in Milwaukee for the meeting of the Colonel, and his care,
+between the time of his reaching the city and the holding of the
+meeting at the Auditorium. Col. Lyon and O. K. Davis strongly objected
+to Col. Roosevelt leaving his car, and said it was there that he should
+have his dinner and go directly from the car to the Auditorium.
+
+When the Colonel's car reached Racine, Capt. Girard got on the train
+and spoke to me in reference to his acting as the Colonel's bodyguard
+while he was in Milwaukee. My recollection is that the Colonel was in
+the back part of the car when the captain got on board, and he at once
+recognized the captain and spoke to him as though he were greeting an
+old friend. Then Capt. Girard had a talk with Col. Lyon and Mr. O. K.
+Davis, and it was understood that the captain would be with the Colonel
+during the whole time he was in Milwaukee, and it was understood that
+he was in charge of the Colonel's person.
+
+When the train reached Milwaukee, Mr. Davidson got on the rear platform
+and was introduced by me to Col. Roosevelt, and he at once said to Col.
+Roosevelt:
+
+"The boys are all anxious that you have your supper at the Hotel
+Gilpatrick, and we have made arrangements there so that you can rest.
+The hotel is not one of the best known hotels in Milwaukee, but it is a
+quiet and good place. The owner has been a great friend of the county
+committee and it would please us all very much if you would come."
+
+The Colonel said to Mr. Davidson and to me that he had planned to stay
+in the car and go directly from the car to the Auditorium. As I recall
+it, Col. Lyon, O. K. Davis, Dr. S. L. Terrell spoke up and said:
+
+"That is the arrangement, and that is what will have to be done."
+
+Then the Colonel turned to Mr. Davidson and wanted to know whether
+these arrangements had been made, and whether the boys would be
+disappointed if he did not do what had been expected. Mr. Davidson
+said:
+
+"We do not want to do anything that will inconvenience you, but I think
+they will be disappointed."
+
+Whereupon the Colonel saluted and said:
+
+"I am going."
+
+The Doctor went back to get the Colonel's overcoat, and as soon as he
+put on his overcoat the Colonel, accompanied by Mr. Davidson, Capt.
+Girard upon one side and Col. Lyon on the other, went through the line
+of the marching club and got into the automobile. Col. Lyon requested
+of me that the party be made a small one and not have a great many
+automobiles. They went directly to the Gilpatrick. At about twenty
+minutes to eight I went to the hotel with H. E. Miles, Frank M. Hoyt,
+Congressman H. A. Cooper, of Racine, Prof. Merriman, of Chicago, and
+others. When I reached the lobby of the hotel I talked with Capt.
+Girard and told him that I had another machine there and that I found
+there was only one machine in front of the hotel; that Mr. Moss, Mr.
+Taylor and I thought that machine should be used, and that I, with the
+others who had accompanied me, would walk from the hotel to the
+Auditorium, my understanding being that Col. Lyon did not want a large
+crowd to accompany Col. Roosevelt to the Auditorium. Capt. Girard told
+me that he understood that the party would be down and ready to start
+promptly, to reach the Auditorium at a few minutes after eight. Mr.
+Moss and Mr. Taylor were in the auto in which the Colonel was to drive
+from the hotel to the Auditorium. The machine that I had came through
+the crowd and got right close to Mr. Moss' and Mr. Taylor's auto.
+
+I went immediately to the Auditorium and went in at the State Street
+entrance and went on the platform. Mr. Miles, state treasurer of the
+party, had called together Mr. Heyl, Mr. Davidson and some of the
+sergeants-at-arms and was making arrangements to take up a collection
+from the audience. Mr. Miles had started to go on the platform to
+announce this collection and the sergeants-at-arms proceeded to their
+various places to get instructions, and I went to the stage door.
+
+Col. Roosevelt came and I knew nothing whatever of what had occurred;
+while I noticed the party accompanying him seemed excited. The Colonel
+showed no excitement at all, and I said to him:
+
+"Wait a few minutes back of the stage while Mr. Miles takes up the
+collection. Mr. Donald Ferguson desires to have it."
+
+The Colonel said:
+
+"Mr. Bloodgood, I have been shot and there is a bullet somewhere in my
+body; the important thing is that nothing should be said or done to
+cause a panic in the audience. I intend to deliver my address, or at
+least a part of it."
+
+Col. Roosevelt then went back of the stage and requested us to go to
+the front and prevent any one saying anything. He said:
+
+"It will only be a minute before I will be out."
+
+I also heard the Colonel tell Mr. Cochems to say or do nothing that
+would frighten the people.
+
+The appearance of the Colonel on the platform and the circumstances
+connected with it have been fully described. Col. Lyon, just before the
+address of Col. Roosevelt was made, suggested to me that it was very
+important that the crowd should not press around Col. Roosevelt and to
+make arrangements to prevent that. I went back and found three men who
+said they were detectives, and I asked them to come on the stage and to
+make arrangements so as to prevent the crowd from pressing around Col.
+Roosevelt. Mr. Cochems, in the mean time, had gone in front of Col.
+Roosevelt so as to catch him if he should fall, and had made all
+arrangements to prevent the crowd from rushing on the platform after
+the address was finished.
+
+Col. Roosevelt, after the address, walked through the aisle, which was
+kept open from the stage door, to the automobile; as he got into the
+automobile he shook my hand and said that he wanted it made emphatic
+that he blamed no one; that the city authorities were not to blame, nor
+was any blame to be attached to any one that had charge of this
+meeting; that it was an accident and could not have been prevented;
+that it might have happened anywhere; and repeated the importance of
+making that clear, and that that was his feeling.
+
+That was just before he left in the auto for the Emergency hospital.
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+The following statement was made by Capt. A. O. Girard, who was in the
+automobile when Col. Roosevelt was shot. The statement was made in the
+office of the district attorney on Oct. 16, 1912.
+
+I was asked by the secretary of the Progressive State Central committee
+to go to Racine and meet the Colonel, having been with him in his
+department and been his body guard before, and take some papers down.
+The Colonel requested that I stay with him for the evening and after we
+got at the hotel I stood in front of the door so he wouldn't be
+disturbed, and also at the dining room door.
+
+While sitting in the dining room door there was a slight, dark man who
+said he came there especially from New York to see the Colonel, and was
+very persistent and wanted to open the dining room door and see him at
+the table. I finally forced him away. He was sallow complexioned, 28 or
+30 years of age, I imagine, had a dark overcoat on, not so extra well
+dressed, smooth face. I noticed his eyes particularly--they were rather
+shifty--and he was very, very persistent in getting to the dining room.
+He was a man of about five feet ten; this happened at 7 o'clock at the
+Gilpatrick dining room.
+
+  [Illustration: Dr. R. G. Sayle, Milwaukee.]
+
+I saw him after that after I had told him to go away; he got something
+to smoke at the cigar stand and then went out. I did not see him after
+that, things happened so rapidly.
+
+The Colonel went upstairs and got his hat and coat on and came down. I
+cleared the way going out with Sergeant Murray, and I told the fellows
+on the other side of the automobile to get back; they were jammed up
+against the automobile; the Colonel started to get into the automobile.
+
+Just as I put my foot on the step of the car, I saw this man raise his
+gun, stick it between two fellows' heads at the full extent of his arm,
+and Mr. Taylor can tell you the rest.
+
+I started to get into the machine from the sidewalk, and Mr. Moss sat
+up on the seat to get out of my way, and Mr. Taylor laid back, as I
+remember it, to give him room; after he was laid back, I had my right
+foot on top of the car door. That is as far as I got into the machine.
+I saw this man extend his hand with this gun between two other men's
+heads. He reached as far as he could with it. The end of that gun was
+probably six feet raised to the level of his eye; he took a good aim.
+Everybody was watching the Colonel.
+
+The moment I saw that arm go up I remember distinctly the flourishing
+of the gun almost in my face, and at the same time somebody else jumped
+from the other end of the machine. We were all on the ground together
+and then Sergeant Murray came up and Murray and I took the man over to
+the Colonel's seat, Murray having him by the arm and I by the throat.
+Mr. Martin had him by the other arm.
+
+The Colonel said, "Bring him to me, bring him here," and we bent his
+head back so the Colonel could see him. Then they began to shout,
+"Lynch him, kill him."
+
+The Colonel said, "Do not hurt him."
+
+Before that, on the ground, the fellow tried to kick me and made it
+more difficult for us to get the man, and as a result I got most of the
+kicks.
+
+After we took him to the Colonel, Sergeant Murray and I had a difficult
+thing to get that man away. I shouted to Murray: "Into the kitchen."
+
+We fought our way through the dining room into the kitchen with two or
+three hundred fellows. Murray left the man in my care until he called
+the patrol wagon. Then I started for the Auditorium. After we went to
+the kitchen I searched the man again for possible other weapons. I did
+not find anything. He said: "My gun is gone; your people took it away
+from me."
+
+I forced him down into a chair and held him down until the police got
+back.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--You accompanied the Colonel from the train to the hotel?
+
+(Answer)--Yes.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--Did you notice the police protection?
+
+(Answer)--They did not have enough men to keep the crowd away from the
+side of the Colonel. I think it was one of the ex-President's party who
+walked along side of the ex-President. When I got to the hotel I was of
+course pretty busy with the Colonel, and Sergeant Murray was there.
+Someone asked me to see if he could not get an officer to go with the
+carriage to the Auditorium and walk on the side the ex-President was. I
+called the Sergeant and he said he would find a man for me there. As to
+how many men were there, I do not remember. I know Sergeant Murray was
+there and I saw one other man.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--Any policeman assisting you and the sergeant in making the
+arrest of this fellow?
+
+(Answer)--There was another officer there when we started to the hotel
+trying to keep the crowd back.
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+Francis E. Davidson, chairman of the Milwaukee County Progressive
+committee, made the following statements to District Attorney Zabel on
+Oct. 16:
+
+Mr. Bloodgood called me over to his office and said that I was to take
+charge of the Roosevelt meeting in the Auditorium. Among other duties,
+I was to inform the police department and ask for protection for Col.
+Roosevelt while he was in the city. I went to the office of the chief
+of police with Paul Heyl, sergeant-at-arms, two days before the
+meeting. The chief of police was not in, but I was sent to the
+inspector. We told him that we wanted police protection at the depot,
+on the streets and at the Hotel Gilpatrick for Col. Roosevelt, which
+was promised. In going away I did not think that he attached enough
+importance to what I told him, and I went back and asked him on account
+of conditions in the country I wanted extra police protection for the
+Colonel, and was informed that he had taken care of Col. Roosevelt
+before.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--When this car arrived in Milwaukee, what police protection
+was visible to you?
+
+(Answer)--I think there were two or three policemen down at the station
+in uniform.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--Were there any plain clothes men that you recognized?
+
+(Answer)--Not that I recognized.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--Are you familiar with them?
+
+(Answer)--No.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--Where were they stationed?
+
+(Answer)--One in front of the depot and one at the gate.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--Was the ex-President obliged to pass through the depot on
+his way out?
+
+(Answer)--No, through the small gate.
+
+I told Mr. Bloodgood that we had made arrangements which would prevent
+any one calling on Col. Roosevelt at the hotel, having a private room
+and also police protection.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--What protection did you notice when you came there?
+
+(Answer)--I noticed a policeman at the door. There may have been plain
+clothes men.
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+The following statement was made to District Attorney Zabel on Oct. 16,
+by Thomas Taylor, who was in the automobile with Col. Roosevelt:
+
+We had the honor of escorting the ex-President in our machine from the
+depot to the Gilpatrick. We left him there and we kept the machine in
+front of the main part of the hotel door all the time. While Mr. Moss
+was away I remained with the machine, and when he came back I went into
+the hotel.
+
+As I came in, I asked where the Colonel was. They said he was in the
+dining room, and I talked to two or three of the committeemen there.
+After I got to one side there was a man about twenty-eight or thirty
+years of age, smooth face, fairly well dressed, who asked me if I could
+get him a ticket to the Auditorium.
+
+I said, "Where are you from?" He said, "I am from New York." Well, I
+told him the tickets were all given out, and there was no way for him
+to get in unless he wanted to go immediately over to the hall and take
+chances with the rest.
+
+The thing that struck me after that was that he did not go immediately
+over to the hall, but stood about talking. His appearance is just
+exactly as Capt. Girard described. He was a man that would weigh
+probably 145 pounds, five feet nine, probably nine and a half, smooth
+face, no emblems that I could see, but was very anxious about getting
+into that hall.
+
+Soon after that another man came to me with the same request and wanted
+to know if I knew of any way he could get in. I told him the same
+story.
+
+I said, "Where are you from, are you a stranger here?"
+
+And he said: "I am from Ohio," but I do not recall what place.
+
+I returned to the machine and had it all ready when the ex-President
+was seen coming down the stairs to the door. I turned on the power,
+opened the door and the Colonel came right along; Capt. Girard was
+right near him. Martin jumped into the machine first, and, turning his
+back, started to assist the ex-President. Capt. Girard stepped up, as
+he has described, and Henry F. Cochems had got in.
+
+Just then, right to my side, I heard the very low report. I hunt a
+great deal and shoot, and the flash of a gun doesn't scare me but sets
+me instantly on my nerve.
+
+Quick as a flash, I saw this man with his arm about so (indicating).
+
+I was knocked down by Capt. Girard, and when I sprang to my knees Capt.
+Girard and Martin were on top of Schrank.
+
+A dark man took Schrank's arm; he looked like a laborer. He grabbed him
+and seemed to be struggling with him. The laborer got hold of Schrank
+first; I think the captain was up as soon as any man.
+
+I turned to the Colonel and he was just sitting in his seat. Henry F.
+Cochems put his arms around him. It was only for a second or two, and
+the Colonel rose up and said:
+
+"Do not kill him; bring him here; bring him here."
+
+He must have said that five or six times immediately after, and they
+brought the man back and bent his head back on the back of the machine.
+The ex-President looked into his eyes for a second or two and the
+ex-President shook his head, and then turned away. I turned to the
+ex-President and I said:
+
+"Colonel, he hit you."
+
+He said:
+
+"He never touched me; he never touched me."
+
+I said:
+
+"You have a hole in your coat," and the Colonel put his hand to his
+side and said:
+
+"He picked me; he picked me."
+
+This did not scare him. Then he addressed the crowd and said:
+
+"We are going to the hall; we are going to the hall; start the machine;
+go ahead; go on."
+
+After we got up and turned on Wells street, we turned up about a block
+and a half and the doctor and some friend opened the front of
+Roosevelt's coat, and he turned then and saw the blood. Then he turned
+pale. That is the first time I saw him turn pale was when he saw that
+blood. Before we got to the Auditorium he had recovered as far as the
+paleness was concerned. He was immediately taken into a side room
+there.
+
+(Mr. Zabel)--Did you have charge of taking the tickets at the
+Auditorium?
+
+(Mr. Taylor)--I was one of the committee the same as the rest of the
+people that were around there with badges on; I had given out some
+tickets.
+
+What strikes me as peculiar about this affair is that this man Schrank,
+claiming not to be familiar with the use of firearms, should be able to
+select the kind of revolver that was used, a 38-caliber Colt with a 44
+frame, one of the most deadly weapons made.
+
+I may explain that the frame being large enables the shooter to have a
+more deadly aim. The Colonel also remarked the same thing in regard to
+this weapon, 38-caliber, a 44 frame.
+
+Col. Cecil Lyon held the gun up to us to look at, and it was an ugly
+looking weapon.
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+Reference: It will be noted was made by members of the Roosevelt party
+to a laboring man who struck Schrank's arm as he fired, and who was one
+of the men who struggled with Schrank immediately after the shot was
+fired. That man was Frank Buskowsky, 1140 Seventh avenue, Milwaukee. In
+an interview Buskowsky said:
+
+"I was so excited when I realized that the man next to me had shot at
+Roosevelt that I felt like killing him, and I cried out at the top of
+my voice as I held him, 'Kill him, kill the d----n scoundrel.'
+
+  [Illustration: John T. Janssen, Chief of Police.]
+
+"The police must have thought that I meant Roosevelt, for when one of
+them came up to me he yelled, 'What in h----l is the matter with you?'
+and hustled me away.
+
+"As I cannot speak good English, I could not explain that I had meant
+Schrank and not Roosevelt. I was so excited when the police took me
+away that way that I went immediately home.
+
+"If I could have explained myself that patrolman would have heard
+something from me for the way he clubbed me on my head. My hat was
+smashed in.
+
+"I came home, disgusted with the treatment I had received by the
+police. The next morning I read all about Martin capturing that man and
+it made me mad, for I was the first one to grab him and prevent him
+from shooting any more."
+
+Buskowsky is a Bohemian and has been in America seven years, during
+which period he has been an enthusiastic supporter of the Bull Moose
+leader.
+
+Affidavits corroborating what is set forth in statements presented were
+made by Donald Ferguson, of Goldfield, Nev.; Arthur W. Newhall, 812
+State street, Milwaukee; Jacques R. Thill, 574 Jackson street,
+Milwaukee, and Sergeant Albert J. Murray, Milwaukee police department,
+and Abraham Cohen, 519 North avenue, Milwaukee.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIV.
+
+A SECOND EXAMINATION.
+
+
+Report of questions propounded by District Attorney Winifred C. Zabel,
+of Milwaukee county, and Wheeler P. Bloodgood, to, and answers given
+by, John Flammang Schrank, at the county jail, of the county of
+Milwaukee, Wis., in the presence of Sheriff Arnold, Donald Ferguson,
+Francis E. Davidson and others, commencing at 12:50 P.M. on the 16th
+day of October, 1912. Reported by Alfred O. Wilmot, court reporter,
+District court, Milwaukee county.
+
+Mr. Zabel:
+
+While you were living in New York what newspapers did you read?
+
+A. I read the New York Herald and I read the New York World, and the
+New York Staats-Zeitung, a German paper.
+
+Q. That is a German publication?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Is that a morning paper?
+
+A. Yes, sir; also evening edition.
+
+Q. Did you read any of the Hearst publications?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. The New York American?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. New York Journal?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. What you read in the New York World and what is the other news----
+
+A. Herald.
+
+Q. And New York Herald did anything you read in those papers impress
+you in any way?
+
+A. Well, it did in a way impress me, that means, I thought whatever I
+read in the paper was pretty much right, what the people were talking
+about this building of the new party and deserting the old party. You
+can read that in the newspapers and that is what I read and it must be
+right.
+
+Mr. Bloodgood:
+
+Q. Mr. Schrank, you remember I examined you at some length on Monday
+evening and you spoke of the New York Herald and New York World and the
+headlines that appeared in those papers, and that you have been reading
+them constantly, is that correct?
+
+A. That is correct, yes, sir.
+
+Mr. Zabel:
+
+Q. Did you read those papers for the political items that were
+contained in them?
+
+A. Well, in fact, not exactly for that. I read the papers the same as
+anybody else, and naturally things like those I took interest in every,
+and the items interested me in those articles.
+
+Q. What headlines are still fresh in your recollection which you read?
+concerning political----
+
+A. Oh, I could not just recall anything. Headlines doesn't amount to
+much. It is now and then perhaps, but it doesn't amount to much. It is
+just the item itself.
+
+Q. Was there anything you read in those papers that gave you any
+distinct impression to kill Roosevelt?
+
+A. No, sir; not at all. I cannot blame the papers whatsoever. I have
+done what I done on my own convictions.
+
+Q. Well, were you not impressed by what you read in the New York papers
+as to the menace which Mr. Roosevelt would be to our nation?
+
+A. No, sir; not by the papers, hardly. I thought my own opinion about
+that.
+
+Q. Do you remember reading anything in those papers in which Mr.
+Roosevelt was described either as a tyrant or as a traitor?
+
+A. Oh, no.
+
+Q. Or his ingratitude or words to that effect?
+
+A. No; there might have been a few criticisms that says I am It Or Me
+and I and that is about all, but that doesn't impress much on anybody.
+
+Q. When you say that---- You started to say before that you were much
+opposed to Mr. Roosevelt deserting the old party and building up a new
+party---- What old party did you have in mind?
+
+A. The Republican party.
+
+Q. Were you interested in the Republican party?
+
+A. No, sir; I was not interested.
+
+Q. Ever vote the Republican ticket?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I have several times.
+
+Q. On National elections?
+
+A. National elections.
+
+Q. Ever vote for Mr. Roosevelt?
+
+A. No.
+
+Q. Municipal elections were you----
+
+A. A democrat.
+
+Q. Democrat for what particular reason?
+
+A. Well, as long as we were in the liquor business there in New York it
+was almost natural that we should vote the Tammany rule because every
+liquor dealer needs protection.
+
+Q. On account of what?
+
+A. Account Sunday law, because we was selling Sundays beer that we
+could not sell unless you belonged to that organization. You will have
+the police after you all the time. I suppose you know that as well----
+
+Q. Did you ever contribute?
+
+A. Well, we had to contribute at times--yes, sir. There would be a
+different way to contribute.
+
+Q. Did you ever give money to the organization?
+
+A. No, not to the organization.
+
+Q. Or to the police?
+
+A. There is a different way of doing that. If you didn't do it
+willingly of course there would be a way. They will be around one of
+those nice Sundays and arrest you and naturally there will be two there
+and they will impress a charge against you in a manner that will get
+you out in case you paid them. I have been doing that several times,
+gave each one five dollar bill or ten dollar bill and they won't press
+the charge.
+
+Q. This money was to be used for what purpose?
+
+A. That I could not tell.
+
+Q. The men that came around on that mission were they police officers
+or politicians?
+
+A. Well, regular officers, specials, what takes these Sunday----
+
+Sheriff Arnold:
+
+Mr. Zabel, did anybody here send for a man named Moss?
+
+Mr. Bloodgood:
+
+Yes. Send him in.
+
+Q. Did you ever contribute anything to the Republican campaign fund?
+
+A. No, sir; I had no reason.
+
+Q. Was ever any contribution solicited of you by Tammany Hall or by the
+Police?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Now isn't it a fact that a good deal of your feeling against
+Roosevelt was created by what you read in the papers?
+
+A. It was not created, no, sir.
+
+Q. Well, was it to a large measure influential?
+
+A. I could not just deny that it had some influence but not to be
+decisive.
+
+Q. Not decisive.
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Didn't it make you feel angry and unfriendly?
+
+A. Not any worse than what I was.
+
+Q. Didn't make you feel any worse or more unfriendly?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Toward Roosevelt?
+
+Mr. Bloodgood:
+
+Q. How long have you been reading the New York Herald?
+
+A. Oh, I believe since I am able to read.
+
+Q. And the World?
+
+A. Also.
+
+Q. Now you said the other evening that papers you principally read were
+those two--was that correct?
+
+A. Correct.
+
+Q. Now did you read them during August of this year. You were in New
+York then?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. And state what impressed you in particular--what you saw in the New
+York Herald in August--at about that time of the formation of the new
+progressive party in Chicago?
+
+A. Well, in fact I cannot remember much. I could not be very much
+impressed by the New York Herald because the Herald is a very
+conservative paper. The Herald is not what they call the Yellow press
+and the only excuse the Herald had is simply to say, Well, the Third
+Termer, that is all.
+
+Q. Now what in the New York World impressed you during that time?
+
+A. From that time?
+
+Q. During that time.
+
+A. Well, as I have said before, there was no special impression nohow.
+It was only the same as anybody else could read, which was to be found
+in the editorials or the man was building up a new party and was
+deserting and he cries that he stole the nomination away from him, such
+as that; as anybody else would read. That didn't make any serious
+impression on me.
+
+Q. Now, when did you write out these statements that was in your
+pocket?
+
+A. On the 14th of September.
+
+Q. Wrote it all out on that day?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Every bit of it?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. From the beginning to the end? Answer my question.
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Yes, or no?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. And the very statements the police found in your pocket was written
+by you and all of it on the 14th day of September, 1912?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Now in your pocket was found a statement in regard to the various
+places that Col. Roosevelt was to speak. Where did you get that from?
+
+A. Oh, every day in the papers. Just as I followed the towns. I
+generally bought a paper there the same day or the next morning and
+that would just about give me the information where I could meet him
+next.
+
+Q. That was in your own handwriting, that statement?
+
+  [Illustration: Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt.
+  From "Vanity Fair"]
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. The other night when you were examined with reference to that you
+said you hadn't written it out?
+
+A. Which. Written out?
+
+Q. That statement they found in your pocket.
+
+A. That I hadn't wrote it out? Well, who should have written it out?
+
+Q. You said you hadn't written it out in your own handwriting or on the
+typewriter?
+
+A. On the typewriter.
+
+Q. Is that in your own hand?
+
+A. Well, in the first place I cannot handle a typewriter and in the
+second place who else should furnish that or who else should write it?
+
+Q. That was----
+
+A. In fact I suppose if you compare the two of them there must be some
+likeness. I don't profess that I write the same all the time or every
+time, but I think that was written on one day.
+
+Mr. Zabel:
+
+You----
+
+A. I think it is one and the same writing.
+
+Q. How did you happen to compose those articles?
+
+A. Because it was the 14th of September, the day McKinley died and the
+day I had that vision I completed my will-power that I was going to do
+that what I did.
+
+Q. You made up your mind then?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. There wasn't anything you read in any papers that caused you to do
+that?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Where was it you wrote those articles?
+
+A. In New York.
+
+Q. In your room?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Ever read them to anyone?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Ever mention the fact of having written them to anyone?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Ever show them to anybody?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Anybody help you compose those articles?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Ever talk to anybody before that that you intended to do that?
+
+A. No, sir; no, sir.
+
+Q. Now, how was it you come here from Chicago?
+
+A. Chicago. To here?
+
+Q. Yes. Who was it came with you here from Chicago?
+
+A. Nobody came here with me.
+
+Q. Wasn't you traveling with somebody?
+
+A. Indeed not.
+
+Q. Didn't somebody keep you posted as to where he was going?
+
+A. No, not at all. My God I am 36 years old and I am not crazy, the
+same as the papers has stated. I ought to be able to follow----
+
+Q. Did you attempt to get tickets to get in the Auditorium?
+
+A. No, sir; I didn't. I waited outside in front of the Auditorium. Yes,
+is that the Auditorium in Chicago---- No, that is the Coliseum.
+
+Q. Is that---- I mean in Milwaukee?
+
+A. No, I didn't intend to go there at all.
+
+Q. Did you go inside of the Hotel Gilpatrick?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Ever talk to any of these gentlemen (referring to those present)?
+
+A. No, sir; to none of them, unless they have questioned me here
+Monday, I don't know. I have never seen them before.
+
+Mr. Bloodgood:
+
+Q. Were you at the depot at about quarter of six on Monday night?
+
+A. On what depot?
+
+Q. In Milwaukee, when Mr. Roosevelt came to Milwaukee.
+
+A. No, sir; I was not.
+
+Q. Where were you at quarter to six?
+
+A. Quarter to six. I was standing in front of the Gilpatrick.
+
+Q. Did you go down to Chicago and Northwestern depot?
+
+A. Chicago-Lake Shore depot--around four o'clock, but not later.
+
+Q. And how long did you stay there?
+
+A. I didn't go to the depot--as far as that goes. I went to the last
+street and I walked around this way up to the hill and came back to the
+town. I didn't go into the depot.
+
+Q. What time was that?
+
+A. Four o'clock, I believe it was.
+
+Q. On Monday afternoon?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Now you left New York on what date?
+
+A. On the 21st. 21st of September.
+
+Q. Upon what railroad?
+
+A. I took the ship.
+
+Q. What transportation company?
+
+A. I really don't know which it was.
+
+Q. Well, what dock did you leave from?
+
+A. I could not tell you, Mister, what dock. I know the steamship's name
+was Commache (Commanse, so pronounced).
+
+Q. Where bound for?
+
+A. For Charleston. No, it was bound in fact for Florida, but it stopped
+at Charleston.
+
+Q. You got off at Charleston?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. What day did you reach Charleston?
+
+A. I reached that on Monday--Monday, I believe at five o'clock.
+
+Q. In the afternoon?
+
+A. In the afternoon; yes, sir.
+
+Q. Did you expect Col. Roosevelt at Charleston?
+
+A. No, I didn't.
+
+Q. What was your purpose in going to Charleston?
+
+A. Well, my original intention was to go to New Orleans, and reading
+the papers I found that he was changing his way of traveling and so
+this that before the steamship comes to New Orleans why I wouldn't be
+following him there any more--he would be gone, so I thought I would
+take Charleston and then get to Atlanta, perhaps I can meet him at
+Atlanta.
+
+Q. Where did you stay there?
+
+A. At a boarding house by the name of Mosley House.
+
+Q. Do you know the street?
+
+A. I believe it is Merlin street, near Main.
+
+Q. How long did you stay there?
+
+A. I stayed there Monday and I stayed there Tuesday, I think I did. I
+guess I left the next day.
+
+Q. Well, where did you go to from Charleston?
+
+A. Charleston I went to Augusta.
+
+Q. Where did you stay at Augusta?
+
+A. At Augusta I stayed in the Planters Hotel. I have got it in that
+slip, if I make a mistake it ain't my fault, but I got it all down in
+every city where I stopped, so if I make a mistake----
+
+Q. You put that down on a slip from time to time?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. As you went along?
+
+A. Yes, sir. I might make a mistake now, and you think I am making you
+a false statement.
+
+Q. Did you meet anyone at Charleston whom you knew?
+
+A. No, no; I was a perfect stranger there.
+
+Q. Did you meet anyone at Savannah, Georgia?
+
+A. Augusta.
+
+Q. Augusta?
+
+A. No, I was a stranger there. At every place. I didn't know anybody to
+go to.
+
+Q. Did you go to the hotel where Col. Roosevelt was staying at those
+places?
+
+A. No, I didn't. I could not tell where he was going to stop. I could
+not tell that every time. Now the same as his coming from New Orleans I
+took a trip down to Birmingham I thought sure he was going to stop at
+Birmingham. Instead of that he changed his way and he went way to
+Macon, Georgia. That is the way he deceived me half a dozen times after
+it was advertised that I could meet him there and there.
+
+Q. What day did you get to Chicago?
+
+A. Chicago. I arrived if I ain't mistaken, now I might not tell the
+truth but I guess it, I think it was Friday.
+
+Q. Friday morning?
+
+A. Friday dinner time, if I ain't mistaken.
+
+Q. Now what did you go over to the La Salle Hotel where Col.
+Roosevelt----
+
+A. I was over to the La Salle, but not in the hotel.
+
+Q. You didn't go inside of the hotel?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Where did you stand?
+
+A. On the street, the same as here, on the street.
+
+Q. In front of the entrance?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Waiting to hear whether he was coming out?
+
+A. No, I didn't wait for him to come out because he got there in the
+morning--I think he did, in the morning, yes, at ten o'clock he got
+there. I seen him go in and I never seen him go out.
+
+Q. You saw him go out or go in at ten o'clock Saturday morning?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Where were you standing?
+
+A. On the street with the rest of the crowd.
+
+Q. Did you try to get your revolver there?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. What prevented you from drawing?
+
+A. Well, I thought it is his reception that might have a bad feeling on
+the city of Chicago, giving him a reception like that; I thought I
+might have plenty of chance to get at him later on if it wouldn't be
+just at the reception.
+
+Q. Let me understand you what prevented you from drawing.
+
+A. I says because it was the reception---- There was so many people
+receiving him and I suppose the city of Chicago would like to give him
+a decent respectable reception. It would look awful bad if at the
+reception he would have got shot down, I says to myself that wouldn't
+go, I might get a better chance.
+
+Q. You knew there was a death penalty in Illinois?
+
+A. No, sir; I never knew anything like that.
+
+Q. How near were you to him when he passed you that morning at the La
+Salle?
+
+A. How near? It was on the other side of the street.
+
+Q. Is that the nearest you got to him?
+
+A. Yes.
+
+Mr. Zabel:
+
+Did you carry your revolver at that time in your pocket?
+
+A. No.
+
+Q. You had one that you----
+
+A. In here (indicating hip pocket).
+
+Q. Where did you go--to the Coliseum---- Why did you go to the Coliseum
+if you didn't intend to shoot him in Chicago?
+
+A. Indeed I did intend to. I am just telling you I didn't intend to do
+it that morning when he was being received there. I thought I would get
+a better chance.
+
+Q. So it was a matter of chance or was it a matter of your wanting to
+kill him in front of the hotel?
+
+A. When he was being received?
+
+Q. Do you mean by that that you didn't want to kill him in front of the
+La Salle but that you were perfectly willing to kill him when he was
+away?
+
+  [Illustration: F. C. Studley, D. W. Harrington, Richard Dewey,
+  Chairman, W. F. Becker, William F. Wegge--Members of Sanity
+  Commission.]
+
+A. I was willing to kill him, that is all, but I was I just wasn't
+willing to kill him at the reception. I told you that three times I
+didn't want the city of Chicago to feel sore that a stranger comes
+along at the beginning----
+
+Q. Just a matter of the time?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Now that he had---- That was Saturday morning?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Now when you went---- Did you go to the Coliseum?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Where did you stand---- How near were you to him?
+
+A. Well, as near as I could get in the crowd. As near as the crowd let
+me get there, mostly in the middle of the street.
+
+Q. Well, how near were you to the automobile?
+
+A. I could not see the automobile coming. They came in a different way.
+I was in the main entrance and they came on the side way.
+
+Q. You were standing at the main entrance?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Where did you have the gun--here?
+
+A. Here. In here.
+
+Q. In your vest pocket?
+
+A. Yes, sir. Here is the hole (indicating exhibiting a hole in the
+lower left hand vest pocket).
+
+Q. Right through here?
+
+A. And down in the trousers.
+
+Q. And you were waiting at the main entrance?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. What time did you get to that main entrance?
+
+A. I could not tell you now, sir.
+
+Q. Well, approximately.
+
+A. Well, perhaps half an hour before he came.
+
+Q. You were right by the portal or door?
+
+A. No, sir; I was in the middle of the street.
+
+Q. You intended to shoot him right from the street?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Now then, when you found he came into the other entrance what did
+you do then?
+
+A. I went up. I could not do nothing. I had to wait until he comes out.
+
+Q. Did you wait until he came out?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Where did you wait?
+
+A. At the main entrance again.
+
+Q. And you were there then when the speech was over?
+
+A. Yes.
+
+Q. Did you get near him then?
+
+A. No, I didn't. He didn't come out the main entrance.
+
+Q. You were all ready to shoot him then at the main entrance?
+
+A. Well, I was there, I expected him to come there.
+
+Q. Now, after you found he didn't come out through the main entrance,
+where did you go?
+
+A. Went home.
+
+Q. Went to the hotel. How long did you stay there at the main entrance?
+
+A. Until he came out.
+
+Q. Well, how did you know which way he would come out?
+
+A. I could not know--that is why I was--I was at the main entrance, I
+expected him to come out there.
+
+Q. Where were you standing then, in the street?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. By the automobile?
+
+A. No. I was standing at the front entrance. I didn't know his
+automobile. Automobile don't wait all the time, anyhow, I didn't see it
+or I forgot.
+
+Q. Now then, where did you learn that he was coming to Milwaukee? From
+the papers?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. You came up to Milwaukee at what hour?
+
+A. Twelve o'clock, noon time.
+
+Q. Now, on Monday night, did you go and inquire of the---- Did you talk
+to Mr. Moss, who is in charge of one of those automobiles?
+
+A. Never spoke to that gentleman. Never spoke to anybody.
+
+Q. Did you go up and ask anyone whether Mr. Roosevelt was going to get
+in this car?
+
+A. No, sir; nothing like that.
+
+Q. Now there was a big car right back of this car in which the Colonel
+was when you shot him--there were two automobiles, smaller cars in
+which the Colonel got and a larger car right back of him.
+
+A. Might be.
+
+Q. Well, did you speak to the chauffeur in the car back of the
+Colonel's and ask him whether he was going to sit in that car?
+
+A. I didn't do anything of the kind. Didn't ask anybody. I didn't speak
+to anybody. It was always my principle not to speak to anybody unless a
+man bids me the time then I answer him, but why should I speak in that
+way?
+
+Q. Now, what other place did you see the Colonel besides in Chicago, in
+front of the La Salle other than on Monday night?
+
+A. I saw him in Chattanooga.
+
+Q. Chattanooga, Tenn. Was that the time the automobile was going so
+fast?
+
+A. Yes, sir; that was the time.
+
+Q. How near were you to him then?
+
+A. I was near enough when he came out but I could not stay within
+reach.
+
+Q. You were standing in front of the entrance?
+
+A. In front of the entrance.
+
+Q. With your revolver ready to shoot him then?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I was always ready to shoot him.
+
+Q. Now, did you see him as he went in or came out that day at
+Chattanooga?
+
+A. When he came out the entrance.
+
+Q. After he finished his speech?
+
+A. No, I didn't go there to see him there.
+
+Q. But you say you saw him at----
+
+A. I saw him going out the Chattanooga depot, out of the railroad
+station, going to his hotel.
+
+Q. At the railroad station?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. You went there just as you went to the railroad station in
+Milwaukee?
+
+A. No, I didn't go to Milwaukee.
+
+Q. Well, you said you went down to the lake shore station at four
+o'clock?
+
+A. Yes, at four o'clock, but I didn't go down there to see him coming
+in.
+
+Q. Now at Chattanooga did you go down to the railroad station?
+
+A. No, I didn't have to go down. I just stopped at the other side in
+the hotel.
+
+Q. How near were you at Chattanooga?
+
+A. I was near enough to shoot him.
+
+Q. Why didn't you shoot him at Chattanooga?
+
+A. Well, I didn't shoot him at Chattanooga because it was a new thing
+to me. I didn't just exactly have courage enough to do it and he
+started off so fast in his automobile and I thought maybe there is a
+better chance.
+
+Q. How near were you to his automobile in Chattanooga?
+
+A. Why, from there to there, about ten feet.
+
+Q. Were you as near as you were the other night?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Were you standing in the street?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Did you start to draw your revolver then?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Your courage left you then?
+
+A. For a moment it did.
+
+Q. Were there any policemen standing around you at Chattanooga?
+
+A. Yes, there was some, keeping the crowd back.
+
+Q. And were you on the sidewalk or in the street?
+
+A. In the street, off of the entrance.
+
+Q. Did you get right next to his automobile?
+
+A. No, sir; I could not get next----
+
+Q. You were about ten feet away from him?
+
+A. Yes, about half a dozen other people in front of me.
+
+Q. And your courage had left you at that time?
+
+A. For a moment it did.
+
+Q. When his automobile started off did you start to go after him?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you see him again in Chattanooga?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. After that time. Now, when did you see him next after Chattanooga?
+
+A. That was the last time I saw him until in Chicago.
+
+Q. Until in Chicago. Did you see him any time prior to the time you saw
+him at Chattanooga?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. So the only three times you were within reach of him was in front of
+the La Salle Hotel in Chicago, Saturday morning?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. And at the Chattanooga depot?
+
+A. At the depot.
+
+Q. And then in Milwaukee Monday night? Is that correct?
+
+A. That is correct.
+
+Q. And since the 21st of September up to the 14th of October the only
+times that you were within reach of or even saw the Col. Roosevelt were
+the three times you have mentioned?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Was he in any of the cities you were in at the time you were there
+excepting Chicago, Chattanooga and Milwaukee?
+
+A. Not at the time I was there. He was there either before or after me.
+
+Q. So those were the only three----
+
+A. That I had a possible chance to shoot him, yes.
+
+Q. Now state again, when he was at the La Salle Hotel, could you have
+shot him then?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. You were near enough to have shot him at the La Salle?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. What prevented you from shooting him, was it that your courage gave
+way?
+
+A. No, sir; not my courage didn't give way. As I said I didn't want to
+do it because it is his coming-in reception--man is getting there--I
+didn't want to do it for that sake. I thought I'd get a better chance.
+
+Q. Was it because of the fact you desired a better chance or you didn't
+want to do it on that particular occasion?
+
+A. On that particular occasion. I didn't want to do it. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. And at Chattanooga it was a matter of personal courage with
+you--your nerve failed you?
+
+A. Just for a moment it failed me, yes, sir.
+
+Q. Have you been accustomed to using firearms?
+
+A. No.
+
+Q. Had you ever shot a revolver?
+
+A. I have shot a revolver several times during the 4th of July, that is
+about all, but I never handled it much. I don't know how to shoot. I
+didn't know whether I shot the man or not.
+
+Q. How was it you got a 44 frame for a 38-caliber gun?
+
+A. 44 frame?
+
+Q. For a 38-caliber gun?
+
+A. Well, my dear man, you know more about a gun than I do. I don't know
+anything about that. I bought that in that place that is a gun shop and
+they got all new ware and he told me it was a 38-caliber and I paid
+$14. Whatever the housing of it was I don't know.
+
+  [Illustration: Hotel Gilpatrick.]
+
+Q. You speak of housing--you are familiar with revolvers?
+
+A. You are telling me a 44 casing.
+
+Q. That is what you call a housing?
+
+A. Well, that is what I meant--that is what I
+understand--casing--unless you mean the box where it was laying in.
+
+Q. No, I am talking about the housing--frame?
+
+A. I never knew they could use a 38 on a larger casing, could they? How
+is it possible that they can have a 38 cartridge in a 44, in a larger
+casing than that?
+
+Q. Well, that is what you did--44 frame?
+
+A. You found a different revolver than mine.
+
+Q. Who did you discuss the question of the formation the character of
+revolver. Who did you talk with over that?
+
+A. What?
+
+Q. As to what sort of a revolver to buy?
+
+A. To nobody. I didn't have to talk to nobody.
+
+Q. How did you happen to get the 38?
+
+A. I asked for it.
+
+Q. Why didn't you ask for a 32?
+
+A. I don't know. I tell you the other one I had home was a 38.
+
+Q. Oh, you had another one home?
+
+A. Oh, not now, that is years ago. If I had that home I didn't have to
+buy it. I got the thing in storage. It is in the storage house if you
+want to get it. Stored with the stuff.
+
+Q. Where is your stuff stored?
+
+A. In New York.
+
+Q. Whereabouts?
+
+A. 80th street, I guess, and Third avenue.
+
+Q. Well, what warehouse?
+
+A. Well, you got to wait now until my grip comes here from Charleston.
+I got the whole thing.
+
+Q. Have you sent for your grip?
+
+A. I don't know. You gentlemen--told me that you are tending to that.
+
+Q. Can't you give us the name of the warehouse?
+
+A. I could not give it to you now.
+
+Q. What have you stored there?
+
+A. Five-room furniture from the old folks of mine.
+
+Q. And your revolver?
+
+A. Why, everything, of course, that belongs to the house.
+
+Q. How long had you had that revolver?
+
+A. I don't know. I could not tell you.
+
+Q. Are you sure it is stored there?
+
+A. Unless they stole it. I know I stored it there.
+
+Q. Did you have a receipt for the different articles you stored there?
+
+A. Sure. I can show you that as soon as--but of course the revolver is
+not marked on that because the revolver is in one of the drawers, I
+suppose.
+
+Q. You don't know when you got that revolver?
+
+A. I could not tell you.
+
+Q. Have you ever shot it?
+
+A. I shot it, I believe twice or three times during the 4th of July
+celebration out in the yard.
+
+Q. Had you ever shot this revolver?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. You shot it the other night. Where did you buy the bullets that went
+in that gun?
+
+A. The same place with the gun.
+
+Q. How many cartridges did you have?
+
+A. Did I have? Well, I bought a box of them and paid 55 cents for it.
+
+Q. Where are the rest of the cartridges?
+
+A. They are in the grip.
+
+Q. Oh, they are in your grip in Charleston?
+
+A. As soon as it comes over you can see it all.
+
+Q. You didn't bring extra cartridges with you?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I had. I took some out. I had five in the gun and I had
+six with me in my pocket.
+
+Q. Did they find those?
+
+A. They have got it in the police station.
+
+Q. They have got those cartridges in the police station. Now, who hit
+your arm--did somebody hit your arm?
+
+A. I don't think so.
+
+Q. When you were coming--who was the first man to get hold of you--that
+great big man?
+
+A. I could not say who it was. I simply shot and I don't know whether I
+hit the man or not or whom I hit, but I know the first thing I went
+down and a whole lot on top.
+
+Q. When you aimed the revolver at Roosevelt was there anybody standing
+on each side of you?
+
+A. Yes.
+
+Q. Did you stick the gun between the heads of two people?
+
+A. Yes.
+
+Q. Did you say any word?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. When you fired?
+
+A. No, sir; I said nothing.
+
+Q. Talk---- Did you try to pull the trigger again?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. You were knocked down before you could pull it again?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I was.
+
+Q. You would have pulled it again?
+
+A. Perhaps I would. I don't know.
+
+Q. Well, now in your grip have you any literature--any papers?
+
+A. I have a book in there, yes, a memorandum book.
+
+Q. Did you have any newspapers which you carried about--did you cut out
+clippings out of the newspapers?
+
+A. Oh no, no. I didn't do it.
+
+Q. Did you have any record that Col. Roosevelt that you cut out of his
+acts when he was commissioner of police?
+
+A. Oh no, no. You think I'd carry that here, if I wanted to carry that
+with me ever since 1893 when he was commissioner--you are crazy or I
+must have a whole book.
+
+Q. Well, did you keep any?
+
+A. No, sir; nothing at all. I didn't take that much interest.
+
+Q. How do you mean, you didn't take that much interest?
+
+A. I didn't feel that way about him then when he was police
+commissioner.
+
+Q. When did you first commence to feel that way?
+
+A. I felt it in Chicago.
+
+Q. That was the first time?
+
+A. The first time, yes, sir.
+
+Q. When was that?
+
+A. In fact, the first time I felt against him was when I had that dream
+against him the time McKinley died and then I thought I really could
+not believe in dreams, I could not go to work and shoot a man down
+because all dreams don't come true.
+
+Q. When was that?
+
+A. That was the same night or the evening that Mr. McKinley died.
+
+Q. How long did you feel that way about it?
+
+A. I felt about it. Well, have at least two weeks.
+
+Q. Did you see Col. Roosevelt at that time?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you go to Washington?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you follow him about at all?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Had you ever seen him personally prior to the time----
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Had you ever seen him when he was in New York?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. When was the first time you ever saw Col. Roosevelt?
+
+A. At Chicago. In Chattanooga.
+
+Q. At Chattanooga. The first time you ever saw him?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. Personally the first time you were ever near him?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. You mean to say all the time you were living in New York and the
+times he has been going back and forth from New York you have never
+seen him at all?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you ever go out to Oyster Bay?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you ever go over to the Outlook office?
+
+A. I don't know where that is.
+
+Q. Well, that is a publication--Mr. Abbott's weekly publication in New
+York.
+
+A. I don't know where it is. I could not even find it. I know quite
+some streets in town, in the neighborhood. I have never been interested
+in that. I didn't know that Roosevelt had anything to do with the
+Outlook at all.
+
+Q. Well, you knew where his office was in New York?
+
+A. Whose office?
+
+Q. Col. Roosevelt.
+
+A. At the time he was police commissioner?
+
+Q. No, since he was president--he has been going back and forth in New
+York----
+
+A. Since he has been on his third term here.
+
+Q. I say he has been back and forth in New York?
+
+A. How could I know his office?
+
+Q. While he was in New York after the meeting of the Progressive party
+in Chicago you knew that, didn't you?
+
+A. I don't think so. I thought he was to Oyster Bay. I don't think that
+I ever read of it that he was in New York city.
+
+Q. He went to his office to the Outlook office?
+
+A. I have never been looking for him then, sir.
+
+Q. You weren't looking for him then?
+
+A. No, sir; I wouldn't know where to find his office.
+
+Q. When you read of the formation of the party in Chicago what papers
+did you read that in?
+
+A. The same papers.
+
+Q. New York Herald and the World?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. What you read about it then, did that rouse you up to anger at all?
+
+A. Well, not exactly anger but I was getting more and more convinced
+that this man's ambitions is nothing else but a blow to McKinley's
+death and he wants to get a third term and he shouldn't have it, and
+that is all.
+
+Q. When did you make up your mind to that--in August?
+
+A. I made up my mind pretty much in August and then I was corroborated
+during the vision I had on the 14th day of September.
+
+Q. When you say you made your mind up pretty much in August after the
+meeting of the party, what do you mean by that, that you thought of
+killing him then?
+
+A. Yes, sir, I thought of killing him then.
+
+Q. In August. Had you made any plans then to kill him?
+
+A. No, I had made none until the 14th.
+
+Q. And you thought then of doing this same thing?
+
+A. I thought about it, yes, sir; although I was making up my mind as to
+how or whether I would do it and I thought about it.
+
+Q. What time in August was that that you thought about it--just after
+you read in the papers?
+
+A. Yes, sir.
+
+Q. After the formation of the party?
+
+A. After the formation of the party--wasn't that the 7th of August?
+
+  [Illustration: Schrank in County Jail.]
+
+Q. What particular thing in the accounts of the papers impressed you at
+that time that gave you or caused you to make up your mind?
+
+A. Nothing particular but simply the fact that he built the new party;
+that he was going to take a third term presidentship.
+
+Q. Did you have any grip with you when you went to Chicago?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. You had no baggage when you went to that hotel?
+
+A. I never had any baggage since I left it in Charleston.
+
+Q. Bought no underwear?
+
+A. Yes, I bought underwear, certainly, and I threw the old underwear
+away.
+
+Mr. Zabel:
+
+I think that is all.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XV.
+
+REPORT OF THE ALIENISTS.
+
+
+The report of the sanity commission follows:
+
+To the Honorable A. C. Backus, Judge of the Municipal Court of
+Milwaukee County:
+
+Pursuant to your appointment of the undersigned on the 12th day of
+November, 1912, as a Commission to examine John Schrank with reference
+to his present mental condition, we respectfully submit our report.
+
+This report consists of:
+
+First: The examination of John Schrank with reference to his personal
+and family history, his present physical state, and his present mental
+state.
+
+Second: Inquiry by means of data furnished by the New York Police
+Department, the Magistrate of Erding, Bavaria, reports furnished by the
+Milwaukee Police Department and other officials brought in contact with
+him, and certain documents furnished by the defendant himself, and
+others found in his possession, some of which are herewith submitted as
+exhibits, duly numbered.
+
+Third: Summary and conclusions arrived at.
+
+
+PERSONAL AND FAMILY HISTORY.
+
+Age 36. Single. Born in Erding, Bavaria, March 5, 1876. Father born in
+Bavaria, and mother born in Bavaria. Occupation, bar tender and
+saloonkeeper. No regular occupation in the last one and one-half years.
+Education, common schools in Bavaria from the seventh to the twelfth
+year; three or four years in night school in New York, in English.
+
+In early life a Roman Catholic; not a practical Catholic for the past
+15 years.
+
+His father died at the age of 38 of consumption; was a moderate
+drinker; the mother living at the age of 56 or 57. One brother and
+one sister living, in good health. One brother and one sister died
+in infancy.
+
+A sister of mother insane, suffered from delusions of persecution; died
+of softening of the brain, so-called, in 1904, in Gabersee Asylum,
+Bavaria. Certified by Magistrate of Erding, Bavaria.
+
+Patient states he was never seriously sick. Knows of no serious
+accident or injury. Never suffered from headaches.
+
+Lived with grandparents from three to nine years of age; worked in a
+vegetable garden during that time, and then returned to parents.
+
+
+HABITS.
+
+Denies excesses; no use of tobacco until two years ago, never more than
+five or six cigars a day, average two or three cigars. Has generally
+taken about five pint bottles of beer in twenty-four hours, of late
+years. For two years, in 1902-1903, drank no intoxicants at all. He
+states he drank to slight excess at most half a dozen times a year.
+Never used drugs of any kind. Denies all venereal diseases, and
+presents no physical evidence of them. His usual habit was to retire
+before 10 o'clock at night.
+
+
+PRESENT PHYSICAL STATE.
+
+Height 5 feet 4-1/2 inches in stocking feet. Weight, 160 pounds, with
+clothing. Is right-handed. Head presents no scars or injuries or
+evidence of injuries or irregularities of cranial bones; normal in
+shape, except measurements over left parietal bone from ear to median
+line at vertex is 1.25 centimeters larger than the right. Cephalic
+index 80. Cranial capacity normal. External ears normal in shape. Holds
+head slightly tilted to left. Shape of hard palate, mouth and teeth
+normal. Maxillary bones normal except lower jaw slightly prognathic.
+Blonde hair. Eyes, bluish gray. Complexion fair. Tongue, slight
+yellowish coating, edges clean. Appetite and general nutrition good.
+Stomach, digestion, bowels normal. Sleep good. State of heart and
+arteries normal. Blood pressure 125 to 130 systolic; 115 to 120
+diastolic. Pulse 82-86. Temperature Nov. 12, 1912, P.M., 99.4. Nov. 14,
+normal. No scars on genitals. Urine practically a normal specimen.
+
+
+NEUROLOGICAL.
+
+The Eyes--Light, accommodation and sympathetic reflex present, but
+somewhat slow. Slight inequality of pupils, right distinctly larger
+than left. Color sense normal. No contraction of visual field. Slight
+horizontal nystagmus in both eyes on extreme outward rotation of the
+eyeballs. (Pupils equal and normal Nov. 20th, 1912.)
+
+After above symptoms ascertained, 1.40 grain euphthalmine inserted, and
+examination of eye grounds showed no optic atrophy. The right eye
+ground (retina) was slightly higher in color than the left.
+
+Hearing very acute, both sides.
+
+Sense of taste and smell normal.
+
+Tactile, pain, temperature and weight sense normal.
+
+Deep Reflexes--Knee, reflex, right, irregularly present, regular on
+reinforcement; knee, left, absent; brought out by reinforcement
+irregularly.
+
+Myotatic irritability of forearm, right markedly heightened; left
+slightly heightened.
+
+No ankle-clonus.
+
+Superficial Reflexes--Abdominal reflex present. Epigastric reflex
+absent. Cremasteric reflex, active both sides. No Oppenheim reflex. No
+Babinski reflex. Plantar reflex: right markedly heightened; left
+heightened.
+
+Musculature--Arm and leg showed slightly diminished power on right
+side. The left side stronger, though subject right-handed.
+
+Dynamometer, right 90, 90 (two tests); and left 100, 100 (two tests).
+
+No Romberg symptom, and no inco-ordination of upper and lower
+extremities.
+
+Gait and station normal.
+
+Slight tremor of fingers, noticeable under mental excitement. At times
+slight tremor of lips.
+
+
+EXAMINATION OF PRESENT MENTAL STATE.
+
+Tests for attention show normal conditions.
+
+Tests for memory, general and special, show normal conditions.
+
+Tests for association of ideas and words showed special bearing upon
+his delusional state.
+
+Logical power good, except as limited by his delusions.
+
+Judgment the same.
+
+Has no "insight" as to his own mental condition.
+
+Emotional tests show tone of feeling exalted.
+
+Orientation correct as to time and place.
+
+Delusions present, as subsequently set forth.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVI.
+
+FINDING OF THE ALIENISTS.
+
+
+We find that John Schrank came to New York at the age of 12, and lived
+with his uncle and aunt as foster parents, who kept a saloon at 370
+East Tenth street, New York City.
+
+Before coming to this country he had 5 years of the public schools of
+his native village in Bavaria, and after arrival in this country his
+only schooling was such as he could obtain at night schools in New York
+during 3 or 4 years.
+
+Up to this time no peculiarity had been observed in him, from any
+evidence available. We note the fact that he was most especially
+interested in history and government, as illustrated by political
+writings and by the Bible. He speaks frequently of his very great
+admiration for the character of George Washington.
+
+At 15 or 16 years of age he became greatly interested in poetry. This
+perhaps corresponds to the period of development at which
+eccentricities are wont to appear.
+
+He represents that in the saloon in which he worked he was chiefly
+engaged in supplying beer to residents of neighboring tenements; that
+there was no gambling or other immoral conduct practiced or encouraged
+in this business place. He went on for over 12 years as barkeeper. His
+uncle and aunt had during this time accumulated means for the purchase
+of a small tenement. At the death of the uncle and aunt in 1910 and
+1911 the defendant came into possession of this property.
+
+In the last year and a half has not been in any regular business or
+employment, and spent his time in long walks about New York and
+Brooklyn, during which he meditated upon poetical compositions, and
+political and historical questions, jotting down ideas upon loose slips
+of paper as they came to him, night or day, forming the basis of his
+poems. He spent his evenings in a saloon, retiring early. The average
+daily quantity of stimulants or beer taken by him was insufficient to
+produce intoxication. He also states that in 1902 and 1903, for a
+period of nearly 2 years, he drank no intoxicants at all.
+
+He states that in 1901, between 1 and 2 o'clock in the morning of the
+day after President McKinley's death he experienced a vivid dream, in
+which he appeared to be in a room with many flowers and a casket, and
+saw a figure sit up in the casket, which he says was the form and
+figure of the assassinated President McKinley, who then pointed to a
+corner of the room, and said, "Avenge my death." He then looked where
+the finger pointed and saw a form clad in a Monkish garb, and
+recognized the form and face of this individual as the form and face of
+Theodore Roosevelt.
+
+At the time this made a strong impression, but was not dwelt upon
+especially except in the light of later events.
+
+Prior to the nomination of Colonel Roosevelt for the Presidency in the
+year 1912, he had felt great interest in the political campaign, and
+had read articles expressing great bitterness toward the idea of a
+third term, and toward Colonel Roosevelt personally in the newspapers
+of New York, and after the period when the nomination of Colonel
+Roosevelt began to be actively agitated, meditated more deeply upon
+these matters. He had always studied with the greatest interest the
+questions of free government, as illustrated by the Declaration of
+Independence, and Washington's Farewell Address. In this connection,
+the Monroe doctrine also assumed great importance in his mind, and the
+converse thereof, the duty of this nation to refrain from war of
+conquest; and out of these meditations grew what he elaborated into his
+declaration as to the unwritten laws, or "The Four Pillars of our
+Republic," namely (1) the Third Term Tradition, (2) the Monroe
+Doctrine, (3) that only a Protestant by creed can become president,
+(4) no wars of conquest. This document, hereunto annexed as Exhibit 1,
+fully sets forth his views on these subjects.
+
+These "four unwritten laws" had assumed in his mind a character of
+sacredness. They were "sacred traditions" to be maintained at all
+hazards, and, as subsequently appeared, even the hazard of life.
+
+The following are some quotations from this document:
+
+    "Tradition is an unwritten law."
+
+    "I would doubt the right of a court to have jurisdiction over a man
+    who had defended tradition of his country against violation."
+
+    "The oldest of these traditions is the 'third term tradition,' it
+    has never been violated and is an effective safeguard against
+    unscrupulous ambition, but never before has been established a test
+    case of its inviolability as a warning to coming adventurers."
+
+    "For the first time in American history we are confronted by a man
+    to whom practically nothing is sacred, and he pretends to stand
+    above tradition."
+
+    "Anybody who finances a Third Term Movement should be expatriated
+    and his wealth confiscated."
+
+    "The dangers in this campaign are these, the third termer is sure
+    that the nomination has been stolen, and that the country and the
+    job belongs to him, therefore, if he gets honestly defeated in
+    November he will again yell that the crooks of both parties have
+    stolen the election and should he carry a solid West, he and the
+    hungry office-seekers would not hesitate to take up arms to take by
+    force what is denied him by the people, then we face a Civil War, *
+    * * * * * and that he who wilfully invites war deserves death. We
+    would then be compelled to wash out the sin of violating the Third
+    Term with the blood of our sons. Yet this is not the gravest danger
+    we are facing. We have allowed an adventurer to circumtravel the
+    Union with military escort with the torch of revolution in his
+    hands to burn down the very house we live in."
+
+    "Have we learned no lesson about a one man's rule experienced in
+    France with such disastrous results as the end of the reign of
+    Napoleon I and Napoleon III."
+
+    "Are we trying to establish here a system like our ancestors have
+    done in Europe, which all revolutions of a thousand years could not
+    abolish."
+
+    "Are we overthrowing our Republic, while the heroes of the French
+    revolutions, and the martyrs of 1848 gladly gave their lives to
+    establish Republican institutions."
+
+    "The abolition of the Third Term tradition is the abolition of the
+    Monroe doctrine also."
+
+    "Hardly any revolution has started without pretending that their
+    movement was progressive."
+
+    "The prudence of our forefathers has delivered to us an equally
+    sacred unwritten law which reads that no president should embrace
+    another creed than Protestant, if possible, a sect of the English
+    Church. I am a Roman Catholic. I love my religion but I hate my
+    church as long as the Roman parish is not independent from Rome, as
+    long as Catholic priests are prevented from getting married, as
+    long as Rome is still more engaged in politics and accumulation of
+    money contrary to the teachings of the Lord. The Roman Catholic
+    Church is not the religion for a president of the United States."
+
+    "The Fourth unwritten law, which is practically supplementary to
+    the second, we find in George Washington's Farewell Address, where
+    he advises us to live in peace with your neighbor. We have no right
+    to start a war of conquest."
+
+In his examination in this connection he stated as follows:
+"Four-fifths of the United States would take up arms to defend the
+Third Term tradition. Trying to get perpetual power and dictatorship
+would justify killing."
+
+He also said he would be justified to the same extent, that is, by
+killing, a man who would seek the presidency and was a Roman Catholic;
+and also for a man who would start a war for conquest; and he thought
+also of the possibility of foreign powers to help Roosevelt possibly to
+annex the Panama Canal and break down the Monroe Doctrine. He said he
+believed the country would be facing a civil war if Roosevelt went on
+as he had done.
+
+He gives as a reason for his present attack upon Roosevelt, that he did
+not wish to give him (Roosevelt) an opportunity to plead that no
+defense of the Third Term tradition had been made in 1912 should he
+aspire to another term in 1916. Asked as to how he reconciled his act
+with the commandment "Thou shalt not kill," he replied that, "religion
+is the fundamental law of human order, but to kill to try and do a good
+thing, and to avenge McKinley's murder, justifies the killing."
+
+The proof of his position came to him in his dream and in his vision.
+
+"Roosevelt's ambition and conduct proves to every man that he was back
+of McKinley's assassination in some way or other."
+
+The defendant says that he prayed God to find a leader among men who
+would take this responsibility, and he expected all along someone else
+would do this thing, but no one did it, and as he was a single man of
+36, without a family, and thought the deed was a good deed, and it made
+no difference to him, he was willing to sacrifice his life for that
+end, even if he were torn to pieces by the mob. He therefore concluded
+that it was his mission, and desired to make of this a test case.
+
+  [Illustration: Henry F. Cochems.
+  (Who was in the Automobile with Col. Roosevelt when the
+   Ex-President was Shot.)]
+
+He thinks the election returns corroborate the fact that the people
+have been awakened to the idea of no Third Term.
+
+In the progress of the campaign, when the progressive movement had
+taken shape, and Colonel Roosevelt had been nominated as the head of a
+third party, and on August 7th, 1912, the dream which had come to him
+in 1901, as above related, began to assume more importance, and special
+significance in his mind. He felt extreme agitation on this subject
+continuously. On the morning of September 15th, 1912, the anniversary
+of the date of his dream in 1901, having retired as usual the night
+before with his manuscript by his bedside, he suddenly awakened between
+1 and 2 A.M., with the completion of a poem entitled "Be a Man"
+uppermost in his mind.
+
+We insert the poem at this point:
+
+    1. Be a man from early to late
+         When you rise in the morning
+       Till you go to bed
+         Be a man.
+
+    2. Is your country in danger
+         And you are called to defend
+       Where the battle is hottest
+         And death be the end
+       Face it and be a man.
+
+    3. When you fail in business
+         And your honor is at stake
+       When you bury all your dearest
+         And your heart would break
+       Face it and be a man.
+
+    4. But when night draws near
+         And you hear a knock
+       And a voice should whisper your
+         Time is up; Refuse to answer
+       As long as you can
+         Then face it and be a man.
+
+He found his ideas were taking shape, and getting up he sat writing,
+when he suddenly became aware of a voice speaking in a low and sad
+tone, "Let no murderer occupy the presidential chair for a third term.
+Avenge my death!" He felt a light touch upon his left shoulder, and
+turning, saw the face of former President McKinley. It bore a ghostlike
+aspect. This experience had a decisive effect in fixing in his mind the
+iniquity of the third term, and from this time he questioned as to his
+duty in the matter, and he finally regarded this vision and its
+connection with the exact anniversary of the dream as a command to kill
+Roosevelt, and as an inspiration. When asked by us whether he
+considered this as imagination or as inspiration and a command from
+God, while showing some reluctance to claim the vision as an
+inspiration, he finally answered decisively that he did.
+
+When asked whether a man had a right to take a weapon and hunt down a
+man who had violated tradition, he submitted his written statement in
+reply, which is hereto annexed as Exhibit 2, some quotations from which
+are as follows:
+
+    "I should say where self-sacrifice begins the power of law comes to
+    an end, and if I knew that my death during my act would have this
+    tradition more sacred I would be sorry that my life was spared so
+    convinced am I of my right to act as I did that if I were ever a
+    free man again I would at once create an Order of Tradition."
+
+    "I presume you men would declare Joan d'Arc, the Maid of Orleans
+    insane because the Holy Virgin appeared to her in a vision."
+
+    "When we read that God had appeared to Moses in the shape of a
+    burning thorn bush, then again as a cloud, we will find many people
+    who doubt the appearance of God to man in human or other shape."
+
+    "Why then in cases of dire national needs should not the God appear
+    to one of us in vision."
+
+The defendant states that at no time and under no circumstances did he
+communicate to anyone his intention. In fact, he kept it as an
+inviolable secret and took measures to throw off the scent persons who
+might inquire about his leaving New York. The defendant stated in this
+connection that he did not wish to commit the act in New York, as it
+would then be claimed that he had been "hired by Wall Street" and in
+that way the real purpose of the act would be obscured.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVII.
+
+SCHRANK DESCRIBES SHOOTING.
+
+(BEFORE SANITY COMMISSION.)
+
+
+On September 21, 1912, he left New York City, having first borrowed
+$350, and purchased a 38-caliber revolver, for which he paid $14. His
+efforts from this time were continuous to come within shooting distance
+of Colonel Roosevelt. He missed him at Chattanooga and at Atlanta, and
+then went to Evansville, where he remained seven days awaiting Colonel
+Roosevelt's return to the West. He then sought to come within range of
+Colonel Roosevelt in Chicago, and states that he waited for him at the
+exit of the building, where he spoke, but found afterwards that he had
+left by a different exit. He then preceded him to Milwaukee, arriving
+here at 1 o'clock P.M. the day preceding the attack.
+
+On the evening of the shooting Schrank arrived at the hotel, where he
+had learned Colonel Roosevelt would stay, in advance of the time he was
+expected to start for the place of meeting. When a crowd began to
+collect around the automobile awaiting Colonel Roosevelt at the curb,
+he went into the street, standing near the automobile in a line just
+behind the front seat on the left hand side opposite the chauffeur's
+seat. He says,
+
+"Seeing him enter the automobile and just about to seat himself, I
+fired. I did not pick any particular spot on his body. The crowd was
+all around me and in front of me. The next minute I was knocked down,
+but was not rendered insensible, and the gun was knocked out of my
+hands."
+
+The defendant insists that he said nothing during his assault. He was
+then dragged to the sidewalk, and getting on his feet was hurried into
+the hotel, and the doors were locked. Here he said nothing, and was
+taken by the police through the back door to police headquarters.
+
+From the examination at police headquarters, made at 9:25 P.M., October
+14, 1912, by the Chief of Police, John T. Janssen, we find that he
+objected to telling his name, but did so when it was insisted upon. We
+also find that his statements made to the police concerning his
+following and attempting to gain access to Colonel Roosevelt, and his
+visits to various localities correspond, and his explanations of his
+acts agree with those made to us.
+
+Some of his statements to the Chief of Police, are as follows, as
+extracted from document submitted herewith, marked Exhibit 3.
+
+Q. Why did you want to meet him?
+
+A. Because I wanted to put him out of the way. A man that wants a third
+term has no right to live.
+
+Q. That is, you wanted to kill him?
+
+A. I did.
+
+Q. Have you any other reason in wanting to kill him?
+
+A. I have.
+
+Q. What is that?
+
+A. I had a dream several years ago that Mr. McKinley appeared to me and
+he told me that Mr. Roosevelt is practically his real murderer, and not
+this here Czolgosz.
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+Q. Did you know Johann Most when he was alive?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you ever hear him talk?
+
+A. No, sir.
+
+Q. Did you ever hear Emma Goldman?
+
+A. No, sir; I am not an anarchist or socialist or democrat or
+republican; I just took up the thing the way I thought it was best to
+do.
+
+(It seems worth while to note that the defendant differs from many
+assassins of rulers or prospective rulers in having no anarchistic
+ideas or connections, but rather that he intended to be an upholder of
+established government.)
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+"Mr. Grant was refused" (a third term) "and he was satisfied; this man
+was refused and he is not satisfied; it's gone beyond limits; if he
+keeps on doing this after election, he can't possibly carry a solid
+Western state; the next thing we will have a civil war, because he will
+say the scoundrels and thieves and crooks stole my nomination, and now
+they will steal my election, and they will take up arms in all the
+Western states; we are facing a civil war just to keep him in a third
+term."
+
+Q. Where did you get all this idea from?
+
+A. I have been reading history all the time.
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+Q. What schooling did you have?
+
+A. Well, I have attended school in the old country, and I attended
+night school in New York for about four winters; that's all the
+schooling I had.
+
+Q. You haven't a very good education then?
+
+A. Indeed I ain't.
+
+Q. Have you always enjoyed good health?
+
+A. Yes, sir; I am a healthy sane man, never been sick.
+
+Q. Well, do you believe that that is a sane act that you committed this
+evening?
+
+A. I believe that is my duty as a citizen to do, it's the duty of every
+citizen to do so.
+
+Q. Well, how did you happen to get the idea that it was your duty among
+all the people that live in the United States?
+
+A. I don't know, I thought maybe somebody else might do it before I got
+there.
+
+Q. And you spoke to no one about your intention on all the route you
+took concerning this, nobody?
+
+A. No, sir; nobody.
+
+While in jail the prisoner prepared a written defense, which we submit
+herewith as Exhibit 4, and we extract certain sentences from the same,
+as follows:
+
+    "Gentlemen of the Jury, I appeal to you as men of honor, I greet
+    you Americans and countrymen and fathers of sons and daughters. I
+    wish to apologize to the community of Milwaukee for having caused
+    on October 14th last, great excitement, bitter feeling, and
+    expenses."
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+    "Gentlemen of the Jury: When on September 14th last I had a vision,
+    I looked into the dying eyes of the late President McKinley, when a
+    voice called me to avenge his death, I was convinced that my life
+    was coming soon to an end, and I was at once happy to know that my
+    real mission on this earth was to die for my country and the cause
+    of Republicanism."
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+    "You see that I have appeared here today without assistance of a
+    counsellor at law, without any assistance save that of God, the
+    Almighty, who is ever with him who is deserted, because I am not
+    here to defend myself nor my actions."
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+    "The law I have violated for which you will punish me is not in any
+    statute book."
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+    "The shot at Milwaukee which created an echo in all parts of the
+    world was not a shot fired at the citizen Roosevelt, not a shot at
+    an ex-president, not a shot at the candidate of a so-called prog.
+    pty. (Progressive party), not a shot to influence the pending
+    election, not a shot to gain for me notoriety; no, it was simply to
+    once and forever establish the fact that any man who hereafter
+    aspires to a third presidential term will do so at the risk of his
+    life."
+
+    "If I do not defend tradition I cannot defend the country in case
+    of war. You may as well send every patriot to prison."
+
+(As showing the erratic reasoning of the defendant, the following
+passage, intimating that the assassination of President McKinley was a
+part of a conspiracy to elevate Colonel Roosevelt to a permanent
+control of the destinies of the United States, we quote further:)
+
+    "Political murders have occurred quite often, committed by some
+    power that works in the dark and only too frequently of late the
+    assassin was classed as an anarchist, but the real instigators
+    could never be brought to justice. Whoever the direct murderer of
+    President McKinley has been it could never be proven that he has
+    ever been affiliated with any anarchistic or similar society, but
+    we may well conclude that the man who in years after willingly
+    violated the third unwritten law of the country whenever he thought
+    it profitable to change his creed while president, perhaps to the
+    mother of monarchies."
+
+(From the remarks of the prisoner in our examination of him, we find by
+"the mother of monarchies" that he refers to the Roman Catholic
+Church.)
+
+We further quote:
+
+    "Such was his fear that his machine, built up in 7-1/2 years will
+    be destroyed over night, that he threatened not to leave the chair
+    unless he were allowed to nominate his successor."
+
+    "Gentlemen of the jury: The 3t (third termer) 'never again will I
+    run for pres.' (president) has a parallel in the history of Rome.
+    Whoever read the history of Julius Caesar knows that this smart
+    politician while elected dictator managed to become so popular with
+    the people that they offered him the kingly crown, but J. Caesar
+    knew that he had to bide his time, that the rest of Senators know
+    of his ambition, and after refusing three times he knew they would
+    offer it to him a fourth time, and when then he accepted it he was
+    murdered for ambition's sake."
+
+    "He" (Colonel Roosevelt) "was ambitiously waiting for the
+    Government at Washington to start a military intervention in
+    Mexico, but the leaders of the Republican party feared that the 3t
+    (third termer) would muster an army of volunteer Rough Riders and
+    return at election as the conquering hero."
+
+    "The danger even more grave than civil war is the possibility of
+    intervention of foreign powers, who may help the 3t (third termer)
+    in order to keep the Union disunited and separated." * * * * * *
+
+    "We would at once realize that we are surrounded by a pack of
+    hungry wolves ready to destroy this hated Republic, ready to
+    destroy Monroe Doctrine, ready to annex the Panama Canal and the
+    great land of the brave and free, the home many millions free
+    people, the dream of all heroes and martyrs for political freedom
+    to 1848 would have ceased to be owing to the ambitions of one man,
+    and one man's rule. I hope that the shot at Milwaukee has awakened
+    the patriotism of the American nation."
+
+    "I have been accused of having selected a state where capital
+    punishment is abolished. I would say that I did not know the laws
+    of any state I travelled through. It would be ridiculous to fear
+    death after the act as I expected to die during the act, and not
+    live to tell the story, and if I knew that my death would have made
+    the third term tradition more sacred, I am sorry I could not die
+    for my country."
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+    "Now, Honorable Men of the Jury, I wish to say no more, in the name
+    of God go and do your duty, and only countries who ask admission by
+    popular vote and accept the popular vote never wage a war of
+    conquest murder for to steal abolishes opportunity for ambitious
+    adv. (adventurers).
+
+    "All political adventurers and military leaders have adopted the
+    career of conquering heroes wholesale murder, wholesale robbers
+    called national aggrandizement. Prison for me is like martyrdom to
+    me, like going to war. Before me is the spirit of George
+    Washington, behind me, that of McKinley."
+
+(The last sentence the prisoner explained, was written hastily, and he
+expected to revise it.)
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVIII.
+
+CONCLUSION OF COMMISSION.
+
+
+From the testimony of the jailor who had been in charge from the date
+of Schrank's arrest to the present date, we learn that he was a quiet,
+pleasant man, well-behaved in all respects, and fastidious as to dress
+and food, uniformly cheerful and happy. It was noticeable that he
+showed much less concern or anxiety as to his fate than the average
+prisoner. This is also corroborated by the examination of a detective
+concerned in his arrest.
+
+The impression we have derived from the demeanor of the prisoner in our
+several examinations is that he is truthful in his statements and shows
+no desire to conceal anything. He undoubtedly has an elevated idea of
+his importance, but is free from bombast. In the course of his
+examination when the question of his views or opinions about himself
+came up he drew from his pocket the document herewith submitted as
+Exhibit 4, which he says he prepared as a defense, saying: "Perhaps I
+can help you, Gentlemen." He has shown every disposition to assist us
+in arriving at facts. He shows a knowledge and command of the English
+language unusual in a foreigner who has only had very limited
+schooling. He is self-confident, profoundly self-satisfied; is
+dignified, fearless, courteous and kindly. He shows a sense of humor
+and is cheerful and calm under circumstances that severely test those
+qualities. Beneath all of this is an air which is illustrated by his
+concluding sentence, that the spirit of George Washington is before
+him, that of McKinley behind him. He gives the impression that he feels
+himself to be an instrument in the hands of God, and that he is one of
+the band of historic heroes paralleled by such characters as Joan d'Arc
+and other saviours of nations. He undoubtedly considers himself a man
+of heroic mold. At no time did he express or exhibit remorse for his
+act.
+
+
+SUMMARY.
+
+We have limited the scope of our investigations to the questions that
+we have been asked to determine and summarize briefly: John Schrank,
+age 36 years, single, barkeeper and saloon keeper, and of limited
+educational opportunities, with insane heredity (see Exhibit 5), was
+born in Bavaria, on March 5, 1876, and came to this country twelve
+years later. Apparently he developed normally, but early in life showed
+a particular fondness for the study of the histories of this and other
+countries, and also for the composition of poetry. In the course of his
+studies of history, and especially of the Constitution of the United
+States, and of Washington's Farewell Address, he developed the belief
+that this Republic is based upon the foundation of four unwritten laws,
+to which he also refers as the "Four Sacred Traditions," as is more
+fully set forth in the preceding report.
+
+In 1901 he had a very vivid dream, which at that time he recognized as
+only a dream, the memory of which has frequently recurred to him ever
+since. In the course of a pre-convention campaign, the belief that the
+four unwritten laws or the "Four Sacred Traditions" are in danger comes
+to him, and later, upon the nomination of a presidential candidate by
+the Progressive Party, he begins to attach particular significance to
+the dream he had in 1901. He meditates deeply upon this and, in the
+course of a few weeks there appears to him a vision accompanied by a
+voice which, in effect, commands the killing of the man through whose
+acts and machinations he believes the sacred traditions to be
+endangered, and who, he also believes is, through a conspiracy,
+concerned in the assassination of a former president. He continues to
+ponder upon the subjects set forth, awaiting the appearance of a person
+who would carry out the act suggested by the vision, but shortly
+arrives at the conclusion that he, and not someone else, is the chosen
+instrument. He at once sets forth to accomplish his mission, following
+his victim until he finally comes up with him.
+
+During his examination as to his sanity, he conducts himself in perfect
+accord with his beliefs, and expresses a regret at not having died at
+the hands of the mob if such a result would have proven of benefit to
+his chosen country.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIX.
+
+SCHRANK DISCUSSES VISIONS.
+
+(BY JOHN FLAMMANG SCHRANK.)
+
+
+Has a man a right to take a weapon and hunt down a man who has violated
+tradition? In answer to this I would like to ask the gentleman the
+following question. How and by what means would you expect to withhold
+from a man that right. You know that according to the old Roman law the
+atonement for the taking of a life has been the giving of a life, and
+to this day our power of state with the laws and instruments for
+punishment is limited to the taking of man's life there is no severer
+penalty than death sentence. Now then when a man concludes to take a
+weapon and hunt down another man and he then willingly sacrifices his
+own life in defense we say of tradition, does such man then not
+willingly give what otherwise the law could take from him, is then not
+the right with him, I should say where self-sacrifice begins to power
+of law comes to an end and if I knew that my death during my act would
+have this tradition more sacred.
+
+I would be sorry that my life was spared, so convinced am I of my act
+to act as I did, that if I were ever a free man again I would at once
+create an order of tradition sole purpose to defend it.
+
+You gentlemen claim that you would think a man insane, that could have
+such things as a vision appear to him. There might be exceptions, but I
+disagree with you in making this the rule. Then I presume you men would
+declare Joan d'Arc the Maid of Orleans insane because the Holy Virgin
+appeared her in a vision. France as a nation passed in those days
+through a grave trial, her very existence as a nation was at stake. To
+our shame we must admit that while we prosper and are far from danger
+we hardly ever give it a thought, that all our comfort is granted to us
+by God the Almighty, and it is an old saying that when the danger is
+over the saints are mocked. But in days of hard stress, dire need and
+want, we at once knew that we are indebted to a power above us, we at
+once realize that we are sinners, we feel that our good spirit is a
+small particle to the Holy Spirit God that we are helpless children and
+related to the good father God. We then pray with innermost contrition
+that God may forgive, that God may enlighten one of us that God may
+find a leader among us.
+
+And such is the mercy of God that for the repentance of one man for the
+acknowledgement for one good deed, God will forgive the sins of a whole
+nation. When we read about the destruction of Sodom Gomorrha, when Lot
+asked the Lord, wouldst Thou spare these cities if there were ten
+honorable and just men within its walls and God answered, if I could
+find one honorable and just man I would spare that people.
+
+We may conclude from these words that God had long before this forsaken
+them when a nation is confronted with grave trials it is then nearing
+the boundary line of God's patience, no doubt the people of Sodom had
+arrived there and God had weighed their deeds and found them too light
+he would not enlighten one of them to be a leader and who would impress
+upon his people to come back to the safe avenue of God and leave the
+road of destruction. In our health and prosperity we are too easily
+over-confident and self-possessed when we read that God had appeared to
+Moses in the shape of a burning thorn bush, then again as a cloud, we
+will find many people who doubt the appearance of God to man in human
+or other shape. When I see a tree growing out of rocks it appears to me
+as if God spoke to me that he wants all people to live a temperate life
+as it requires but little to live and proper as is shown in that tree.
+Now then does God appear to us in our journey through this life. Has he
+ever appeared to you. Has there never been a time when you would say, O
+what a lucky dog I was that I did not do this or that. Have you ever
+refused for some reason an invitation to a joy ride, a pleasure trip or
+others, and after you would find one or the other of your friends
+killed while you escaped. Everyone of us is confronted at once in life
+with a grave trial which requires all the good in you to overcome
+temptation and find the right way out of it, is not this the secret
+assistance of God the Almighty when you appeal to Him and He weighs
+your deeds and either enlightens you or punishes Science discoveries.
+When then in cases of dire national needs should not God appear to one
+of us in vision the greatest injustice.
+
+(Schrank's copy is followed closely in all presented here from his pen.)
+
+
+ALIENISTS' CONCLUSIONS.
+
+Our conclusions are as follows:
+
+    First--John Schrank is suffering from insane delusions, grandiose
+    in character, and of the systematized variety.
+
+    Second--In our opinion he is insane at the present time.
+
+    Third--On account of the connection existing between his delusions
+    and the act with which he stands charged, we are of the opinion
+    that he is unable to confer intelligently with counsel or to
+    conduct his defense.
+
+    Dated, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Nov. 22nd, 1912.
+
+    Respectfully submitted,
+
+    Richard Dewey, M. D.,
+      _Chairman_.
+
+    W. F. Becker, M. D.
+    D. W. Harrington, M. D.
+    Frank Studley, M. D.
+    Wm. F. Wegge, M. D.
+      _Commissioners._
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XX.
+
+SCHRANK'S DEFENSE.
+
+
+John Flammang Schrank expected to conduct his own defense before a
+jury, if tried for his assault upon ex-President Roosevelt.
+
+This is demonstrated by the fact that he had prepared a defense to be
+read to the jury. In this defense he alluded to the fact that he "is
+not represented by counsel."
+
+This defense is remarkable in that it shows clearly the thought which
+overcame his mental strength.
+
+Schrank's defense is presented as he wrote it, with the exception of
+two or three corrections to enable readers to realize what Schrank is
+trying to say. The defense was prepared by Schrank in the county jail.
+He was writing it when it was reported that he was writing verse. The
+defense follows:
+
+Gentlemen of the jury: I appeal to you as men of honor. I greet you
+Americans and countrymen and fathers of sons and daughters. I wish to
+apologize to the community of Milwaukee for having caused on October 14
+last great excitement, most bitter feeling and expenses. I wish to
+apologize to you honorable men of the jury that I am causing to you
+this day unpleasantness in asking you to pass a verdict in a matter
+which should have better been tried by a higher than earthly court.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, when on September 14 last during a vision I
+looked into the dying eyes of the late President McKinley, when a voice
+called me to avenge his death, I was convinced that my life was coming
+soon to an end, and I was at once happy to know that my real mission on
+this earth was to die for my country and the cause of Republicanism.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, you see that I have appeared here today without
+the assistance of a counsellor at law, without any assistance save that
+of God the Almighty, who is ever with him who is deserted, because I am
+not here to defend myself nor my actions. I am here today to defend the
+spirit of forefathers with words what I have defended with the weapon
+in my hand, that is the tradition of the four unwritten laws of this
+country. Tradition is above written statute, amended and ineffective.
+Tradition is sacred and inviolable, irrevocable. Tradition makes us a
+distinct nation. Order of tradition. The law I have violated for which
+you will punish me is not in any statute book. Gentlemen of the jury,
+the shot at Milwaukee, which created an echo in all parts of the world,
+was not a shot fired at the citizen Roosevelt, not a shot at an
+ex-President, not a shot at the candidate of a so-called Progressive
+party, not a shot to influence the pending election, not a shot to gain
+for me notoriety. No, it was simply to once and forever establish the
+fact that any man who hereafter aspires to a third presidential term,
+will do so at the risk of his life. If I cannot defend tradition I
+cannot defend the country in case of war. You may as well send every
+patriot to prison. It was to establish a precedent for the third term
+tradition, which for the first time in the history of the United States
+one man dared to challenge and to violate.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, the third term tradition is the most sacred,
+because it has been established by the greatest champion of liberty in
+all ages past and to come by our first President, George Washington,
+when he modestly declined a third term nomination by saying that two
+terms are enough for the best of Presidents. The two great American
+political parties have since guarded this tradition most jealously,
+have regarded it as a safeguard against the ambitions of probable
+adventurers. The great Republican party, the party of an Abe Lincoln,
+the party of the new U. S., that party as a medium between government
+and the people, the party to which we are greatly indebted for our
+achievements and our greatness among the family of nations, it was that
+party that was destined to give birth to and to nurse the first
+offender of that tradition, who gradually proved to be the evil spirit
+of the country, and that great party which was born during a national
+crisis and which had bravely faced and overcome many a grave trial,
+nobly faced the coming storm and survived it with its honor unimpaired.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, when we inquire into the past of that man, we
+will find that his ambitious plans have all been filed and laid down
+long before he has been President. All doubt that these plans were
+towards establishing at the least a perpetual presidency in these
+United States have been removed during last summer, when a certain
+senator unearthed from within the library of the white house a written
+document deposited there during the third termer's presidency. This
+document was an order for repairing to be done in the white house, and
+this order closed with the following words: "These alterations should
+be done, to last during my lifetime." When the third termer was
+informed of the finding of this document, he admitted and absorbed the
+all-important matter by simply saying: "Some people have no more brains
+than guinea pigs."
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, his rough rider masquerade during the
+Spanish-American war was his first important step towards his goal, it
+gained for him the governorship of the Empire state and that important
+office made him an influential factor in the councils of the Republican
+party. During his term as secretary of the navy he gained the
+popularity among the men in that branch of the mailed fist of the
+country by increasing the salaries of those men, who might some day be
+of vital benefit to his cause. The Republican leaders of those days
+were soon aware of the dangerous ambitions of this man and also knew
+that this man would never be safe enough to fill the highest office of
+the nation, for this reason these men thought it wise to make him
+vice-Presidential candidate on the same ticket with McKinley, for it
+must not be new to you that the office of a vice-President has always
+been regarded as the suicide to a man's political ambitions. But,
+gentlemen of the jury, now came the time when a man's ambitions
+blindfolded him to all reason. The desire to overcome the obstacle
+robbed him of his sane judgment, and in such a case the spoiler invites
+himself, political murders have occurred quite often, committed by some
+power that works in the dark and only too frequently of late the
+assassin was classed as an anarchist, but the real instigators could
+never be brought before justice. Whoever the direct murderer of
+McKinley has been it could never be proven that he has ever been
+affiliated with any anarchistic or similar society, but we may well
+conclude that the man who in years after so willingly violated the
+first unwritten law, which is the third term tradition, may have
+readily promised to violate the third unwritten law of the country
+whenever he thought it profitable to change his creed while president,
+perhaps to the mother of monarchies.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, a man's first presidential term begins when he
+takes the oath of office and constitutes a full term if it will only
+last twenty-four hours after oath and a man's third term is his third
+when he seeks it or is given to him twenty years or more after his
+second. When Roosevelt took the oath of office at McKinley's departure,
+he had ceased to be a Republican. He at once began to build a political
+machine of his own. It was then in fact that his one man party
+so-called Progressive party was born, parts of which we find later in
+the insurgents, handicapping Mr. Taft wherever they could. Later in
+August at the convention of treason he took the material where and as
+he found we see him trying hard to bring the money power of the union
+into his service, we find him extorting large sums for his political
+campaigns from the so-called despisable trusts, since then we became
+accustomed to look upon every man of wealth and the great industrials
+corporations who have been and are today of incalculable value and
+benefit to our national welfare, as nothing more or less than
+contemptible criminals, whom he offended in the most profane language
+during his crusade against them, if they refused to become a part of
+his machine. At the decline of his second term the remainder of the
+Republican party, those who had not been absorbed by "my policies"
+could no longer be in doubt as to the third termer's real intentions,
+and for the first time the third termer realized the magnitude and
+importance of the third term tradition and most men of influence in
+those used their power to scare him out of office at the same time
+comforting him with the fairy tale that if not succeeded by two
+consecutive terms another term would not be a third term but such was
+his fear that his machine built up in seven and a half years would be
+destroyed over night, that he threatened not to leave the chair unless
+he were allowed to nominate his successor.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, now comes the time when the third termer
+committed his second crime against friends, party, nation and republic.
+With his innermost conviction that his successor would be incompetent,
+incapable and that he would commit so many blunders while in office
+that at the expiration of his term the people would unanimously demand
+the renomination of the third termer, he thought to remove that
+obstacle of the third termer and to make it appear that he was not
+ambitious and that a renomination would have to be forced upon him, he
+solemnly declared, "Never again will I run for president," but again
+ambition had blindfolded him and robbed him of his judgment of men in
+selecting William H. Taft as his successor although his most intimate
+friend Mr. Taft was aware of his oath of office and his duties toward
+the nation, there never was a whiter man in the white house and no one
+ever more deserved a re-election as an honor for his services to the
+country against the revolutionary machine of the third termer in the
+house and senate than William H. Taft.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, the third term, "never again will I run for
+president," has a parallel in the history of Rome. Whoever read the
+history of Julius Caesar, knows that this smart politician, while
+elected dictator, managed to become so popular with the people that
+they offered him the kingly crown, but Julius Caesar knew that he had
+to bide his time, that the rest of senators knew of his ambition, and
+after refusing three times, he knew they would offer it to him a fourth
+time, and when then he accepted it, he was murdered for ambition sake.
+Never again will I run for president and under no circumstances, said
+this man, and four years later we find him eagerly seeking renomination
+at Chicago, to his friends, who advise him to run, he didn't have the
+heart to tell that if he were not a man of word he could never be a man
+of honor, but what shame lies in between his never again and his
+profane declaration that the crooks, thieves, scoundrels and liars had
+stolen the nomination from him, although he knew that the party could
+not give him what they had a third term not to give for the great
+Republican party determined to sooner go down to defeat than to violate
+the third term yet.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, the third termer had license to create a new
+party and be the power behind the throne and perhaps lead his party to
+victory. But having been deceived by the selection of his successor and
+having removed the mask he determined to insist on a third term. Had we
+lived in a time of panic, general disorder, strikes with armies of
+unemployed, most likely the third termer would have an easy walkin. He
+was anxious waiting for the government at Washington to start military
+intervention in Mexico, but the leaders of the Republican party feared
+that the third termer would muster an army of volunteer rough riders
+and return at election as the conquering hero.
+
+Gentlemen of the jury, the danger of the third termer was less in his
+probable election than in his sure but close defeat. The man who cried
+of the theft at Chicago would never submit to the verdict on November
+5, however honest it may be; he would again yell robbery, and if he
+carried a solid west as was then expected, he would give way to his
+fighting nature and try to take the presidency on the battlefield and
+so invite civil war, yet, Ab. Lincoln said that war is hell, and that
+he who wilfully invites war deserves death. Do we realize the horrors
+of civil war; are we willing to wash out the sin of violating the third
+term with the blood of our sons imagine torn from home, family and
+parents, from prosperity to dire want in order to place a man to the
+presidency he is legitimately not entitled to? Yet, gentlemen of the
+jury, the United States may still be able to subdue the rebels the
+danger the more grave than even civil war is the possibility of
+intervention by foreign powers, who may help the third termer in order
+to keep the union disunited and separated for we must know that our
+strength is not in our army and navy, money power, our strength is in
+our union, we would at once realize that we are surrounded by a pack of
+hungry wolves ready to destroy this hated republic, ready to destroy
+Monroe doctrine, ready to annex the Panama canal and the great land of
+the brave and free, the home many millions free people, the dream of
+all heroes and martyrs for political freedom to 1848 would have ceased
+to be owing to the ambitions of one man and one man's rule.
+
+I hope that the shot at Milwaukee has awakened the patriotism of the
+American nation, that it has opened their eyes to the real danger and
+shown them the only safe way out of it as is proven by election returns
+in the great Democratic party the north, south, east and west is once
+more and more solidly united and proudly can we prove to the nations of
+the world that the spirit of 1776 is still alive and shall never die,
+and that self-government is an established fact and a success.
+
+I have been accused of having selected a state where capital punishment
+is abolished. I would say that I did not know the laws of any state I
+traveled through, it would be ridiculous for me to fear death after the
+act, as I expected to die during the act and not live to tell the story
+and if I knew that my death would have made the third term tradition
+more sacred, I am sorry I could not die for my country.
+
+Now, honorable men of the jury, I wish to say no more, in the name of
+God, go and do your duty, and only countries who ask admission by
+popular vote and accept the popular vote never wage a war of conquest,
+murder for to steal abolishes opportunity for ambitious adventurers,
+for all political adventurers and military leaders have adopted the
+career of conquering heroes, wholesale murder, wholesale robbers called
+national aggrandizement. Prison for me is like martyrdom to me, like
+going to war.
+
+Before me is the spirit of George Washington, behind me that of
+McKinley.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XXI.
+
+SCHRANK'S UNWRITTEN LAWS.
+
+
+The following are John Flammang Schrank's four unwritten laws, "The
+Pillars of the Republic," he calls them. They are presented exactly as
+written by Schrank, and as incorporated in the report of the alienists.
+
+
+BY JOHN FLAMMANG SCHRANK.
+
+When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people
+to dissolve the political bonds which have hitherto connected them with
+another, due respect to mankind requires that we should declare the
+cause of such action. In these modest lines our forefathers have at
+once laid out the roads on which we should travel, it demonstrates
+their willingness to consult the opinions of others, as well as it duly
+respects the rights and feelings of others. In these critical days it
+is more than necessary to call the attention of the nation to the three
+wonderful documents which have established our people as an independent
+nation and under their guidance laid down in these documents we have
+become the most powerful nation on earth. The Declaration of
+Independence; The Constitution, and the farewell-address of George
+Washington. The most sacred custom of all nations has ever been their
+reverence for their ancestors, the honor they pay to their dead, and
+the utmost respect to the good deeds who live after them, these customs
+observed hundreds of years handed down from one generation to another,
+we have come to call the traditions of a people. Tradition is an
+unwritten law when it concerns a whole nation, it is above the written
+statute, I would doubt the right of a court to have jurisdiction over a
+man who has defended tradition of his country, against violation. As we
+are not an original nation or race, the founders of the republic were
+the sons of the nation whose language we speak, it is tradition with us
+especially that identified us as a nation. This nation has four
+unwritten laws, the oldest and most sacred, because established by Geo.
+Washington, is the third term tradition, it has never been violated and
+is an affective safe-guard against unscrupulous ambition, but never
+before has been established a test case of its inviolability as a
+warning to coming adventurers. In the present campaign for the first
+time in American history we are confronted by a man to whom practically
+nothing is sacred and pretends to stand above tradition. This man
+abused our constitution, he wants it amended until it is abolished. If
+our constitution is too old and in the way of progress after we have
+grown to be a rich nation with it, then the ten commandments so many
+thousand years old, must be a useless piece of junk. He has abused our
+highest Courts, he has spoken in the profanest language of our
+legislators, he has abused our best and most venerable citizens,
+calling them liars and scoundrels, he has shamefully abused our
+president, thereby undermining the dignity of the office, how can we
+expect our foreign born citizens to respect our institutions when an
+ex-President circumtravels the Union telling everybody that those
+honorable men at Chicago were thieves and crooks. Shall the people
+rule, is one of his demagogic phrases, yet he knows that in the very
+sense he wants this catchword to be understood is an impossibility, the
+people and herewith I mean the rich as well as the poor never rule in a
+republic, they cannot rule, they have no time to rule, therefore they
+elect a body of honorable men to do the ruling to the benefit of all,
+in other words they entrust a body of men with their government, that
+is why Grover Cleveland said that a public office is a public trust.
+And a political party is the medium between the people and the elected
+government, and any party that should nominate a man in violation of
+the third term tradition does no longer deserve to be a party entrusted
+by the people. This third termer could have been of more value to the
+country had he lent his advice and honest opinion to his party and our
+president who eagerly sought his advice, for a man's honest advice is
+his ideas and convictions but with man's ideas it is like digging a pan
+of sand from a river from the gold regions, the sand must be sifted and
+filtered, there might be one or more grains of gold found in it. A
+man's ideas must pass through the brains of other men, to be sifted and
+filtered and every grain of gold found will be appreciated, but a man
+who claims that he knows it all better, is equal to saying that his pan
+of sand is all gold. The third termer claims that it is not a third
+term, if not followed by two consecutive terms, then a second term
+would not be a second, if given to man 8 years after his first, I
+wonder what to call such term, after a while he will tell us that a
+monarchy in this country is not a monarchy if the monarch is a native
+born; let it be established now and forever that it is a man's third
+term if he has twice been in office and if each time only twenty-four
+hours after taking oath and if third term is given to him or he seeks
+it twenty years after the second. If the third termer thought that the
+republican party whom he hailed from needed chastisement because she
+refused to violate tradition in his favor, he had the right to create a
+third party, nominate all officials for same and be the very soul and
+power behind the throne, but when it became evident that the whole
+party movement was only enacted to give him a third term, he had
+forfeited his citizenship and his life. Anybody who finances a third
+term movement should be expatriated and his wealth confiscated. It is
+ridiculous to say that if he is defeated in November it is also a
+verdict of the people to uphold the third term tradition, as we may as
+well say it is the verdict of the people to abolish the third term if
+he wins in November, the third term tradition has never been before the
+people as an issue to vote and for this reason it should never be put
+before them. It is almost a certainty, that if voted upon last year,
+the people would have declared in favor of upholding the tradition,
+while it is dead sure that if we were living this year in a panic, a
+business depression, with hundreds of thousands out of work instead of
+a general prosperity, the third termer would walk in over the decision
+of the previous year. The dangers in this campaign are these, the third
+termer is sure that the nomination has been stolen and that the country
+and the job belong to him, therefore if he gets honestly defeated in
+November he will again yell that the crooks of both parties have stolen
+the election, and should he carry a solid West, he and the hungry
+office seekers would not hesitate to take up arms to take by force what
+is denied him by the people, then we face a civil war, and it was Ab.
+Lincoln who said that war is hell and that he who wilfully invited war
+deserves death. We would then be compelled to wash out the sin of
+violating the third term with the blood of our sons. Yet, this is not
+the greatest danger we are facing. We have allowed an adventurer to
+circumtravel the Union with military escort, with the torch of
+revolution in his hands to burn down the very house we live in while we
+should be aware that we are surrounded by a pack of wolves ever ready
+to jump on us. Does anybody think that the European powers would sit
+idly while we are disunited, would a certain power hesitate to help the
+third termer and make good the gravest mistake that power has made in
+1861 by not keeping this country disunited and separated while we are
+just getting ready to become their greatest competitor on the seas
+after the completion of the Panama Canal. Our strength is not in our
+Army or Navy nor in our Money power, our strength is in our Union. In
+Union alone can we uphold the Monroe Doctrine our second unwritten law
+so much hated and dreaded by all the world. The sister republic's
+Transvaal and Orange Free State were not destroyed because it was the
+connecting link between Egypt and the Cape, not because gold was found,
+no, but because Great Brit. could not allow a second United States to
+establish a Monroe Doctrine on African soil. Reciprocity would have
+profited both the Union and Canada but England fears a too close a
+relation between the two nations and Premier Leurier's sin was that he
+was first a Canadian, second an American and third a Britisher, he had
+to be replaced by a man who is in the first, second, and third place a
+Britisher. The outcome of the present campaign interests the powers
+more than us, all actions of Congress or Cabinet are sooner known in
+the Cabinets of Europe than we hear about them. There is today a "Cato"
+in the Senate of every country and in the folds of his cloak he has
+concealed several figs of unusual size, everyone of these figs
+represent one of our great American Trusts, and he concluded every
+speech with Carthage must be destroyed. With our Union destroyed we
+would cry with the Israelites in the desert: Lead us back to the meat
+pots of Egypt, give us a thousand trusts sooner than one third termer.
+If we think that we need a one man's rule, whose place cannot be filled
+by another among millions intelligent citizens, then it were about time
+that we got a licking from somewhere. What are we about to do, do we
+want the great building we have helped to build tear down and give
+everybody a brick, the people which is only the present generation
+cannot do what they want, for what they have and what they are they are
+greatly in obligation to the past and earlier generations who also
+helped to build up, therefore this generation called the people cannot
+do as they please which is so ardently advocated by the third termer.
+Have we learned no lesson about a one man's rule experienced in France
+with such disastrous results as the end of the reign of Napoleon I and
+Napoleon III.
+
+We are trying to establish here a system like our ancestors have done
+in Europe which all revolutions of a 1,000 years could not abolish, it
+would be useless to forcibly remove a third president because the
+system would then be established. Are we under no obligation to the
+heroes of all wars for freedom and independence, are we overthrowing
+our republic while the heroes of the French revolutions and the martyrs
+of 1848 gladly gave their lives to establish republican institutions.
+May God enlighten the nation, may the spirit of 1776 still be alive,
+and when they tell us that there is a Rome on the other side let them
+understand that U. S. A. is not Carthage. In this campaign we may
+observe that prosperity is as dangerous to our institutions as hard
+times are, people are too busy making money, they gradually lose all
+interest in politics, unless a third termer tells them that government
+is only medium to enrich them still more, how else can we explain his
+remark that Mr. Perkins wants his children to live better in this
+country after his departure, a millionaire's children can only live
+better when the third term party doubles the millions of their father.
+In this critical time I find that men have more interest in the
+baseball results than to register, think and vote. But of course some
+people have no more sense than three guinea pigs. His movement is not
+progressive, they are insurgents, insurgents and revolutionary. Hardly
+any revolution has started without pretending that their movement was
+progressive.
+
+The abolition of the third term tradition is the abolition of the
+Monroe Doctrine also. In this Doctrine we are overtaking the
+guardianship over all republics on the American continent against
+Foreign encroachments. Naturally the third termer would prove too in
+1916 that the fourth term is only his second, to do this he would have
+to become the conquering hero, we would commit the same faults France
+did 100 years ago National aggrandisement, yet France no larger today
+than before Napoleon I. The fourth termer could hardly gather laurels
+in a European or Asiatic war the natural consequences would that South
+America would become the field of his actions. We have upheld the
+Monroe Doctrine without the consent of these countries so she could
+prevent those nations from inviting a European power to protect them by
+declaring that inasmuch as the third term tradition is abolished, the
+Monroe Doctrine is no longer binding, because they are more afraid of
+the third termer than they would be of any foreign prince. The prudence
+of our forefathers has delivered to us an equally sacred unwritten law
+which reads that no president should embrace another Creed than
+Protestant if possible a sect of the English church. I am a Roman
+Catholic. I love my religion but I hate my church, as long as the Roman
+parish is not independent from Rome, as long as Catholic priests are
+prevented from getting married, as long as Rome is still more engaged
+in politics and accumulation of money contrary to the teachings of the
+Lord, the Roman Catholic church is not the religion for a president of
+the United States. The separation of state from church in France has
+sufficiently proved that Rome and republic are enemies.
+
+The fourth unwritten law which is practically supplementary to the
+second we find in George Washington's farewell address where he advises
+us to live in peace with your neighbor. We have no right to start a war
+of conquest with any nation and our relations to the South American
+republic can be improved if we remove their fear of a steady conquest
+by us by observing this law. Does it not look ridiculous that
+established governments in this enlightened age sends thousands of
+unfortunates to prison as punishment for murdering, for to steal and
+rob, while these same nations are armed with all descriptable weapons
+like so many bandits ever ready to jump at each other's throat. What
+else is war but murder for to rob that which belongs to others. Since
+men have learned to work they have no more right to war. The salvation
+of the human family must be worked out by international Commercialism
+the sooner all industrial establishments of the world unite like in the
+days of the Hansa can the social questions be solved. International
+Commercialism must have individual legislation and jurisdiction,
+independent from national legislation, but must be acknowledged by all
+states and the United States is the only power ruled by commercialism
+without a mailed fiat and will be the first to recognize International
+Commercialism for this alone will abolish and distribute wealth more
+fair and just, and work to a higher state of civilization.
+
+JOHN SCHRANK.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XXII.
+
+UNUSUAL COURT PRECEDENT.
+
+
+Judge August C. Backus' method of conducting the Schrank case has
+established a precedent for such cases, and the action of the court in
+establishing a new form of procedure has met with favorable comment on
+the part of lawyers, alienists, court officials and editors all over
+the world.
+
+Instructing the commission of five alienists in its duties Judge Backus
+said:
+
+Gentlemen of the Commission:
+
+"You have been appointed as an impartial commission to examine into the
+present mental condition of the defendant John Schrank, who is charged
+with the crime of assault with intent to kill and murder Theodore
+Roosevelt, with a loaded revolver, on the 14th day of October, 1912, in
+the city and county of Milwaukee and state of Wisconsin.
+
+"The court in this proceeding will finally determine the issue. I have
+decided to take this method of procedure instead of a jury trial,
+because as a rule in trials by jury the case resolves itself into a
+battle of medical experts, and in my experience I have never witnessed
+a case where the testimony of the experts on one side was not directly
+contradicted by the testimony of as many or more experts on the other
+side. Where men especially trained in mental and nervous diseases
+disagree, how can it be expected that a jury of twelve laymen should
+agree? Such testimony has been very unsatisfactory to the jury and to
+the court, and generally very expensive to the community.
+
+  [Illustration: James G. Flanders, Attorney for Schrank.]
+
+"Bear in mind, gentlemen, that your appointment has not been suggested
+by either counsel for the state or for the defendant, or by any other
+party or, source directly or indirectly interested in this inquisition.
+You are the court's commission, and you must enter upon your duties
+free from any bias or prejudice, if any there be. You should assume
+your duties, and I know you will, with the highest motives in seeking
+the truth, and then pronounce your judgment without regard to the
+effect it may have upon the state or upon the defendant; in other
+words, in your inquiry and deliberation you are placed on the same
+plane as the judge.
+
+"If any person seeks to influence you or talks to you as a commission,
+or to any member of the commission, who is not duly requested to appear
+before you, report him to the court so that an order to show cause why
+he should not be punished for contempt may issue.
+
+"If there be any witnesses you desire, the court will command their
+attendance. The court will grant you the services of a phonographic
+reporter so that everything that is said and done may appear of record.
+
+"This commission may now retire, select a moderator and proceed with
+the inquiry.
+
+"Now, gentlemen, perform your duties fairly and impartially and render
+such findings to the court as your consciences and your judgments
+approve.
+
+"The question for your determination is, 'Is the defendant John Schrank
+sane or insane at the present time?'"
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+Editorial comment from three newspapers is herewith presented as
+showing the general trend of comment on the course followed by Judge
+Backus:
+
+The Milwaukee Free Press said:
+
+    "The findings of the alienists appointed by Judge Backus to
+    determine the mental condition of Schrank were foreseen. There has
+    been little doubt at any time of the derangement of that
+    unfortunate man. This fact, however, does not detract from
+    appreciation of the excellent and novel course pursued by Judge
+    Backus in taking advantage of the statute that permitted him to
+    submit the question of Schrank's sanity to a body of alienists
+    appointed by himself instead of leaving the question to a jury at
+    the tender mercy of alienists employed alike by state and defense.
+
+    "The judge justified his procedure in these words, when instructing
+    the examining physicians:
+
+    "'I have decided to take this method of procedure instead of a jury
+    trial, because as a rule in trials by jury the case resolves itself
+    into a battle of medical experts, and in my experience I have never
+    witnessed a case where the testimony of the experts on one side was
+    not directly contradicted by the testimony of as many or more
+    experts on the other side. Where men specially trained in mental
+    and nervous diseases disagree, how can it be expected that a jury
+    of twelve laymen should agree? Such testimony has been very
+    unsatisfactory to the jury and to the court, and generally very
+    expensive to the community.'"
+
+    "Worse than that. It has been a scandal to the medical profession,
+    a source of travesty to judicial procedure and all too often a
+    means of defeating the ends of justice.
+
+    "The very course pursued by Judge Backus was advocated by President
+    Gregory of the American Bar association not very long ago, and the
+    outcome in this instance at least is such as to recommend its
+    adoption by the bench wherever the statutes permit."
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+The Chicago Record-Herald said:
+
+    "It is notorious that 'expert testimony' is too often confused and
+    confusing testimony which jurors and judges feel themselves bound
+    to disregard in favor of mere horse sense. The stated experts are
+    matched or overmatched by the experts for the defense, and the
+    conflict of 'scientific' testimony assumes in many cases the
+    proportions of a public scandal.
+
+    "Hence the 'Wisconsin idea' as applied by Judge Backus of
+    Milwaukee, who is presiding over the trial of John Schrank, is an
+    admirable one. Under a statute of Wisconsin a judge may summon a
+    certain number of experts and make them officers of the court. They
+    testify as such officers, and presumably the state pays them
+    reasonable fees. Under such a plan as this there is no temptation
+    to strain science in the interest of a long purse, and impartial
+    opinions is likely to be the rule.
+
+    "Statutes similar to that of Wisconsin are needed in all other
+    states. 'Expert testimony' has long been a byword and reproach. Of
+    course, under Anglo-Saxon jurisprudence no defendant can be
+    deprived of the right to call witnesses of his own choosing, and
+    after all a medical expert is only a witness who gives opinions
+    instead of facts. Still, a law which authorizes the court to call
+    truly impartial experts would not seem to be 'unconstitutional.' It
+    is certainly not unfair or unreasonable from the lay point of view."
+
+                 *        *        *        *        *
+
+The Saturday Night of Toronto, Ont., said:
+
+    "In the stress attending on matters of greater moment which have
+    been occupying the attention of the daily press of late, the
+    judicial wisdom of Mr. A. C. Backus, municipal judge of the city of
+    Milwaukee, charged with the task of trying John Schrank, the man
+    who attempted to slay Col. Roosevelt, has been overlooked.
+
+    "Nevertheless, he established a precedent with regard to the trial
+    of prisoners where insanity is the only defense, that should be
+    copied not only by every state of the American Union, but by every
+    province of Canada.
+
+    "It was not generally known that the laws of the state of Wisconsin
+    gave a presiding justice the plenary powers he has exercised, but
+    every good judge who has presided over cases where alienists have
+    been employed to furnish testimony must have yearned for similar
+    authority.
+
+    "In the Schrank case Judge Backus decided to eliminate all direct
+    testimony by alienists, and to constitute such experts into an
+    auxiliary court who should co-operate with him in the final
+    judgment of the case.
+
+    "His auxiliary, consisting of five physicians, was directed to
+    elect a moderator who would preside over their deliberations and
+    decide the issues of sanity or insanity in case of a deadlock.
+
+    "It would be difficult to say what objection could be taken to this
+    system in any case where alienists are subpoenaed. It is even
+    possible that by carefully protecting the rights of the prisoner
+    the same system could be worked out in any case where medical
+    testimony beyond the mere proving of the crime is required. In many
+    murder cases physicians have been heard swearing to contrary
+    positions until the jurors, disgusted with the confusion of the
+    testimony, have simply thrown up their hands, neglected their duty
+    to consider the reasonable facts of the case, and allowed murderers
+    to go free.
+
+    "Judge Backus has taken a forward step in the administration of
+    justice on this continent, and it is to be trusted that the effects
+    of it will be far-reaching."
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Attempted Assassination of
+ex-President Theodore Roosevelt, by Oliver Remey and Henry Cochems and Wheeler Bloodgood
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION ***
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