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diff --git a/old/21262-8.txt b/old/21262-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d0f5856 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/21262-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,12429 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Works of Christopher Marlowe, Vol. 3 +(of 3), by Christopher Marlowe + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Works of Christopher Marlowe, Vol. 3 (of 3) + +Author: Christopher Marlowe + +Editor: A. H. Bullen + +Release Date: April 30, 2007 [EBook #21262] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Leonard Johnson and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) + + + + + + + + + + + The English Dramatists + + CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE + + VOLUME THE THIRD + + + + +[Greek: + Hadymelei + thama men phormingi pamphônoisi t' en entesin aulôn.] + + PINDAR, _Olymp._ vii. + + + + + THE WORKS + + OF + + CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE + + + + EDITED BY + A. H. BULLEN, B.A. + + + IN THREE VOLUMES + VOLUME THE THIRD + + + + LONDON + JOHN C. NIMMO + 14. KING WILLIAM STREET, STRAND, W.C. + MDCCCLXXXV + + +_One hundred and twenty copies of this Edition on Laid paper, medium +8vo, have been printed, and are numbered consecutively as issued._ + +_No._ ____ + +CONTENTS OF VOL. III. + + + PAGE + +HERO AND LEANDER 1 + +OVID'S ELEGIES 103 + +EPIGRAMS BY J. D. 211 + +THE FIRST BOOK OF LUCAN 249 + +THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE 281 + +FRAGMENT 293 + +DIALOGUE IN VERSE 295 + +APPENDICES 301 + +INDEX TO THE NOTES 355 + + + + + HERO AND LEANDER. + + +Two editions of _Hero and Leander_ appeared in 1598. The first edition, +containing only Marlowe's portion of the poem, is entitled _Hero and +Leander. By Christopher Marloe. London, Printed by Adam Islip, for +Edward Blunt._ 1598. 4to. The title-page of the second edition, which +contains the complete poem, is _Hero and Leander: Begun by Christopher +Marloe; and finished by George Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. At London, +Printed by Felix Kingston, for Paule Linley, and are to be solde in +Paules Churche-yard, at the signe of the Blacke-beare._ 1598. 4to. + +Two copies of the second edition were discovered a few years ago at +Lamport Hall (the seat of Sir Charles Isham, Bart.) by Mr. Charles +Edmonds. The existence of this edition was previously unknown. Later +editions are:-- + +_Hero and Leander: Begunne by Christopher Marloe: Whereunto is added the +first booke of Lucan translated line for line by the same Author. Ut +Nectar, Ingenium. At London Printed for John Flasket, and are to be +solde in Paules Church-yard, at the signe of the Blacke-beare. 1600. +4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begunne by Christopher Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. At London. Imprinted for John Flasket, and +are to be sold in Paules Church-yard, at the signe of the blacke Beare. +1606. 4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begunne by Christopher Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. At London. Imprinted for Ed. Blunt and W. +Barret, and are to be sold in Pauls Church-yard, at the signe of the +blacke Beare. 1609. 4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begunne by Christopher Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. London. Printed by W. Stansby for Ed. +Blunt and W. Barret, and are to be sold in Pauls Church-yard, at the +signe of the Blacke Beare. 1613. 4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begun by Christoper Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. London, Printed by A. M. for Richard +Hawkins: and are to bee sold at his Shop in Chancerie-Lane, neere +Serieants Inne. 1629. 4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begun by Christopher Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. London: Printed by N. Okes for William +Leake, and are to be sold at his shop in Chancery-lane neere the Roules. +1637. 4to._ + +I have not had an opportunity of seeing the 4tos. of 1598 or the 4to. of +1600. For the text of the Isham copy, I am indebted to the _Works of +George Chapman: Poems and Minor Translations_, 1875. I have examined the +texts of eds. 1606, 1613, 1629, 1637; and my friend Mr. C. H. Firth has +examined for me the Bodleian copy of ed. 1600, in the margin of which +Malone has noted the readings of the first edition. + + + + +TO THE + +RIGHT-WORSHIPFUL SIR THOMAS WALSINGHAM, + +KNIGHT. + + +Sir, we think not ourselves discharged of the duty we owe to our friend +when we have brought the breathless body to the earth; for albeit the +eye there taketh his ever-farewell of that beloved object, yet the +impression of the man that hath been dear unto us, living an after-life +in our memory, there putteth us in mind of farther obsequies due unto +the deceased; and namely of the performance of whatsoever we may judge +shall make to his living credit and to the effecting of his +determinations prevented by the stroke of death. By these meditations +(as by an intellectual will) I suppose myself executor to the unhappily +deceased author of this poem; upon whom knowing that in his lifetime you +bestowed many kind favours, entertaining parts of reckoning and worth +which you found in him with good countenance and liberal affection, I +cannot but see so far into the will of him dead, that whatsoever issue +of his brain should chance to come abroad, that the first breath it +should take might be the gentle air of your liking; for, since his self +had been accustomed thereunto, it would prove more agreeable and +thriving to his right children than any other foster countenance +whatsoever. At this time seeing that this unfinished tragedy happens +under my hands to be imprinted; of a double duty, the one to yourself, +the other to the deceased, I present the same to your most favourable +allowance, offering my utmost self now and ever to be ready at your +worship's disposing: + + EDWARD BLUNT. + + + + +HERO AND LEANDER. + + + + +THE FIRST SESTIAD. + +_The Argument_[1] _of the First Sestiad._ + + + Hero's description and her love's; + The fane of Venus, where he moves + His worthy love-suit, and attains; + Whose bliss the wrath of Fates restrains + For Cupid's grace to Mercury: + Which tale the author doth imply. + + On Hellespont, guilty of true love's blood, + In view and opposite two cities stood, + Sea-borderers,[2] disjoin'd by Neptune's might; + The one Abydos, the other Sestos hight. + At Sestos Hero dwelt; Hero the fair, + Whom young Apollo courted for her hair, + And offer'd as a dower his burning throne, + Where she should sit, for men to gaze upon. + The outside of her garments were of lawn, + The lining purple silk, with gilt stars drawn; 10 + Her wide sleeves green, and border'd with a grove, + Where Venus in her naked glory strove + To please the careless and disdainful eyes + Of proud Adonis, that before her lies; + Her kirtle blue, whereon was many a stain, + Made with the blood of wretched lovers slain. + Upon her head she ware[3] a myrtle wreath, + From whence her veil reach'd to the ground beneath: + Her veil was artificial flowers and leaves, + Whose workmanship both man and beast deceives: 20 + Many would praise the sweet smell as she past, + When 'twas the odour which her breath forth cast; + And there for honey bees have sought in vain, + And, beat from thence, have lighted there again. + About her neck hung chains of pebble-stone, + Which, lighten'd by her neck, like diamonds shone. + She ware no gloves; for neither sun nor wind + Would burn or parch her hands, but, to her mind. + Or warm or cool them, for they took delight + To play upon those hands, they were so white. 30 + Buskins of shells, all silver'd, usèd she, + And branch'd with blushing coral to the knee; + Where sparrows perch'd of hollow pearl and gold, + Such as the world would wonder to behold: + Those with sweet water oft her handmaid fills, + Which as she went, would cherup through the bills. + Some say, for her the fairest Cupid pin'd, + And, looking in her face, was strooken blind. + But this is true; so like was one the other, + As he imagin'd Hero was his mother; 40 + And oftentimes into her bosom flew, + About her naked neck his bare arms threw, + And laid his childish head upon her breast, + And, with still panting rock,[4] there took his rest. + So lovely-fair was Hero, Venus' nun, + As Nature wept, thinking she was undone, + Because she took more from her than she left, + And of such wondrous beauty her bereft: + Therefore, in sign her treasure suffer'd wrack, + Since Hero's time hath half the world been black. 50 + Amorous Leander, beautiful and young + (Whose tragedy divine Musæus sung), + Dwelt at Abydos; since him dwelt there none + For whom succeeding times make[5] greater moan. + His dangling tresses, that were never shorn, + Had they been cut, and unto Colchos borne, + Would have allur'd the venturous youth of Greece + To hazard more than for the golden fleece. + Fair Cynthia wished his arms might be her Sphere; + Grief makes her pale, because she moves not there. 60 + His body was as straight as Circe's wand; + Jove might have sipt out nectar from his hand. + Even as delicious meat is to the tast, + So was his neck in touching, and surpast + The white of Pelops' shoulder: I could tell ye, + How smooth his breast was, and how white his belly; + And whose immortal fingers did imprint + That heavenly path with many a curious dint + That runs along his back; but my rude pen + Can hardly blazon forth the loves of men, 70 + Much less of powerful gods: let it suffice + That my slack Muse sings of Leander's eyes; + Those orient cheeks and lips, exceeding his + That leapt into the water for a kiss + Of his own shadow, and, despising many, + Died ere he could enjoy the love of any. + Had wild Hippolytus Leander seen, + Enamour'd of his beauty had he been: + His presence made the rudest peasant melt, + That in the vast uplandish country dwelt; 80 + The barbarous Thracian soldier, mov'd with nought, + Was mov'd with him, and for his favour sought. + Some swore he was a maid in man's attire, + For in his looks were all that men desire,-- + A pleasant-smiling cheek, a speaking eye, + A brow for love to banquet royally; + And such as knew he was a man, would say, + "Leander, thou art made for amorous play: + Why art thou not in love, and loved of all? + Though thou be fair, yet be not thine own thrall." 90 + The men of wealthy Sestos every year, + For his sake whom their goddess held so dear, + Rose-cheek'd[6] Adonis, kept a solemn feast: + Thither resorted many a wandering guest + To meet their loves: such as had none at all + Came lovers home from this great festival; + For every street, like to a firmament, + Glister'd with breathing stars, who, where they went, + Frighted the melancholy earth, which deem'd + Eternal heaven to burn, for so it seem'd, 100 + As if another Phaëton had got + The guidance of the sun's rich chariot. + But, far above the loveliest, Hero shin'd, + And stole away th' enchanted gazer's mind; + For like sea-nymphs' inveigling harmony, + So was her beauty to the standers by; + Nor that night-wandering, pale, and watery[7] star + (When yawning dragons draw her thirling[8] car + From Latmus' mount up to the gloomy sky, + Where, crown'd with blazing light and majesty, 110 + She proudly sits) more over-rules the flood + Than she the hearts of those that near her stood. + Even as when gaudy nymphs pursue the chase, + Wretched Ixion's shaggy-footed race, + Incens'd with savage heat, gallop amain + From steep pine-bearing mountains to the plain, + So ran the people forth to gaze upon her, + And all that view'd her were enamour'd on her: + And as in fury of a dreadful fight, + Their fellows being slain or put to flight, 120 + Poor soldiers stand with fear of death dead-strooken, + So at her presence all surpris'd and tooken, + Await the sentence of her scornful eyes; + He whom she favours lives; the other dies: + There might you see one sigh; another rage; + And some, their violent passions to assuage, + Compile sharp satires; but, alas, too late! + For faithful love will never turn to hate; + And many, seeing great princes were denied, + Pin'd as they went, and thinking on her died. 130 + On this feast-day--O cursèd day and hour!-- + Went Hero thorough Sestos, from her tower + To Venus' temple, where unhappily, + As after chanc'd, they did each other spy. + So fair a church as this had Venus none: + The walls were of discolour'd[9] jasper-stone, + Wherein was Proteus carved; and over-head + A lively vine of green sea-agate spread, + Where by one hand light-headed Bacchus hung, + And with the other wine from grapes out-wrung. 140 + Of crystal shining fair the pavement was; + The town of Sestos call'd it Venus' glass: + There might you see the gods, in sundry shapes, + Committing heady riots, incests, rapes; + For know, that underneath this radiant flour[10] + Was Danäe's statue in a brazen tower: + Jove slily stealing from his sister's bed, + To dally with Idalian Ganymed, + And for his love Europa bellowing loud, + And tumbling with the Rainbow in a cloud; 150 + Blood-quaffing Mars heaving the iron net + Which limping Vulcan and his Cyclops set; + Love kindling fire, to burn such towns as Troy; + Silvanus weeping for the lovely boy + That now is turned into a cypress-tree, + Under whose shade the wood-gods love to be. + And in the midst a silver altar stood: + There Hero, sacrificing turtles' blood, + Vailed[11] to the ground, veiling her eyelids close; + And modestly they opened as she rose: 160 + Thence flew Love's arrow with the golden head; + And thus Leander was enamourèd. + Stone-still he stood, and evermore he gaz'd, + Till with the fire, that from his countenance blaz'd, + Relenting Hero's gentle heart was strook: + Such force and virtue hath an amorous look. + It lies not in our power to love or hate, + For will in us is over-rul'd by fate. + When two are stript long ere the course begin, + We wish that one should lose, the other win; 170 + And one especially do we affect + Of two gold ingots, like in each respect: + The reason no man knows, let it suffice, + What we behold is censur'd by our eyes. + Where both deliberate, the love is slight: + Who ever lov'd, that lov'd not at first sight?[12] + He kneel'd; but unto her devoutly prayed: + Chaste Hero to herself thus softly said, + "Were I the saint he worships, I would hear him;" + And, as she spake those words, came somewhat near him. 180 + He started up; she blushed as one asham'd; + Wherewith Leander much more was inflam'd. + He touch'd her hand; in touching it she trembled: + Love deeply grounded hardly is dissembled. + These lovers parled by the touch of hands: + True love is mute, and oft amazèd stands. + Thus while dumb signs their yielding hearts entangled, + The air with sparks of living fire was spangled; + And night,[13] deep-drenched in misty Acheron, + Heav'd up her head, and half the world upon 190 + Breath'd darkness forth (dark night is Cupid's day): + And now begins Leander to display + Love's holy fire, with words, with sighs, and tears; + Which, like sweet music, enter'd Hero's ears; + And yet at every word she turn'd aside + And always cut him off, as he replied. + At last, like to a bold sharp sophister, + With cheerful hope thus he accosted her. + "Fair creature,[14] let me speak without offence: + I would my rude words had the influence 200 + To lead thy thoughts as thy fair looks do mine! + Then shouldst thou be his prisoner, who is thine. + Be not unkind and fair; mis-shapen stuff + Are of behaviour boisterous and rough. + O, shun me not, but hear me ere you go! + God knows, I cannot force love as you do: + My words shall be as spotless as my youth, + Full of simplicity and naked truth. + This sacrifice, whose sweet perfume descending + From Venus' altar, to your footsteps bending, 210 + Doth testify that you exceed her far, + To whom you offer, and whose nun you are. + Why should you worship her? her you surpass + As much as sparkling diamonds flaring glass. + A diamond set in lead his worth retains; + A heavenly nymph, belov'd of human swains, + Receives no blemish, but ofttimes more grace; + Which makes me hope, although I am but base, + Base in respect of thee divine and pure, + Dutiful service may thy love procure; 220 + And I in duty will excel all other, + As thou in beauty dost exceed Love's mother. + Nor heaven nor thou were made to gaze upon: + As heaven preserves all things, so save thou one. + A stately-builded ship, well rigg'd and tall, + The ocean maketh more majestical; + Why vow'st thou, then, to live in Sestos here, + Who on Love's seas more glorious wouldst appear? + Like untun'd golden strings all women are, + Which long time lie untouch'd, will harshly jar. 230 + Vessels of brass, oft handled, brightly shine: + What diffèrence betwixt[15] the richest mine + And basest mould, but use? for both, not us'd, + Are of like worth. Then treasure is abus'd, + When misers keep it: being put to loan, + In time it will return us two for one. + Rich robes themselves and others do adorn; + Neither themselves nor others, if not worn. + Who builds a palace, and rams up the gate, + Shall see it ruinous and desolate: 240 + Ah, simple Hero, learn thyself to cherish! + Lone women, like to empty houses, perish. + Less sins the poor rich man, that starves himself + In heaping up a mass of drossy pelf, + Than such as you: his golden earth remains, + Which, after his decease some other gains; + But this fair gem, sweet in the loss alone, + When you fleet hence, can be bequeath'd to none; + Or, if it could, down from th' enamell'd sky + All heaven would come to claim this legacy, 250 + And with intestine broils the world destroy, + And quite confound Nature's sweet harmony. + Well therefore by the gods decreed it is, + We human creatures should enjoy that bliss. + One is no number;[16] maids are nothing, then, + Without the sweet society of men. + Wilt thou live single still? one shalt thou be, + Though never-singling Hymen couple thee. + Wild savages, that drink of running springs + Think water far excels all earthly things; 260 + But they, that daily taste neat[17] wine, despise it: + Virginity, albeit some highly prize it, + Compar'd with marriage, had you tried them both, + Differs as much as wine and water doth. + Base bullion for the stamp's sake we allow: + Even so for men's impression do we you; + By which alone, our reverend fathers say, + Women receive perfection every way. + This idol, which you term virginity, + Is neither essence subject to the eye, 270 + No, nor to any one exterior sense, + Nor hath it any place of residence, + Nor is't of earth or mould celestial, + Or capable of any form at all. + Of that which hath no being, do not boast; + Things that are not at all, are never lost. + Men foolishly do call it virtuous: + What virtue is it, that is born with us? + Much less can honour be ascrib'd thereto: + Honour is purchas'd by the deeds we do; 280 + Believe me, Hero, honour is not won, + Until some honourable deed be done. + Seek you, for chastity, immortal fame, + And know that some have wrong'd Diana's name? + Whose name is it, if she be false or not, + So she be fair, but some vile tongues will blot? + But you are fair, ay me! so wondrous fair, + So young, so gentle, and so debonair. + As Greece will think, if thus you live alone, + Some one or other keeps you as his own. 290 + Then, Hero, hate me not, nor from me fly, + To follow swiftly-blasting infamy. + Perhaps thy sacred priesthood makes thee loath: + Tell me to whom mad'st thou that heedless oath?" + "To Venus," answer'd she; and, as she spake, + Forth from those two tralucent cisterns brake + A stream of liquid pearl, which down her face + Made milk-white paths, whereon the gods might trace + To Jove's high court. He thus replied: "The rites + In which Love's beauteous empress most delights, 300 + Are banquets, Doric music, midnight revel, + Plays, masks, and all that stern age counteth evil. + Thee as a holy idiot doth she scorn; + For thou, in vowing chastity, hast sworn + To rob her name and honour, and thereby + Committ'st a sin far worse than perjury, + Even sacrilege against her deity, + Through regular and formal purity. + To expiate which sin, kiss and shake hands: + Such sacrifice as this Venus demands." 310 + Thereat she smil'd, and did deny him so, + As put[18] thereby, yet might he hope for mo; + Which makes him quickly reinforce his speech, + And her in humble manner thus beseech: + "Though neither gods nor men may thee deserve, + Yet for her sake, whom you have vow'd to serve, + Abandon fruitless cold virginity, + The gentle queen of Love's sole enemy. + Then shall you most resemble Venus' nun, + When Venus' sweet rites are performed and done. 320 + Flint-breasted Pallas joys in single life; + But Pallas and your mistress are at strife. + Love, Hero, then, and be not tyrannous; + But heal the heart that thou hast wounded thus; + Nor stain thy youthful years with avarice: + Fair fools delight to be accounted nice. + The richest[19] corn dies, if it be not reapt; + Beauty alone is lost, too warily kept." + These arguments he us'd, and many more; + Wherewith she yielded, that was won before. 330 + Hero's looks yielded, but her words made war: + Women are won when they begin to jar. + Thus, having swallow'd Cupid's golden hook, + The more she striv'd, the deeper was she strook: + Yet, evilly feigning anger, strove she still, + And would be thought to grant against her will. + So having paus'd a while, at last she said, + "Who taught thee rhetoric to deceive a maid? + Ay me! such words as these should I abhor, + And yet I like them for the orator." 340 + With that, Leander stooped to have embrac'd her, + But from his spreading arms away she cast her, + And thus bespake him: "Gentle youth, forbear + To touch the sacred garments which I wear. + Upon a rock, and underneath a hill, + Far from the town (where all is whist[20] and still, + Save that the sea, playing on yellow sand, + Sends forth a rattling murmur to the land, + Whose sound allures the golden Morpheus + In silence of the night to visit us), 350 + My turret stands; and there, God knows, I play + With Venus' swans and sparrows all the day. + A[21] dwarfish beldam bears me company, + That hops about the chamber where I lie, + And spends the night, that might be better spent, + In vain discourse and apish merriment:-- + Come thither." As she spake this, her tongue tripp'd, + For unawares "Come thither" from her slipp'd; + And suddenly her former colour chang'd, + And here and there her eyes through anger rang'd; 360 + And, like a planet moving several ways + At one self instant, she, poor soul, assays, + Loving, not to love at all, and every part + Strove to resist the motions of her heart: + And hands so pure, so innocent, nay, such + As might have made Heaven stoop to have a touch, + Did she uphold to Venus, and again + Vow'd spotless chastity; but all in vain; + Cupid beats down her prayers with his wings; + Her vows above[22] the empty air he flings: 370 + All deep enrag'd, his sinewy bow he bent, + And shot a shaft that burning from him went; + Wherewith she strooken, look'd so dolefully, + As made Love sigh to see his tyranny; + And, as she wept, her tears to pearl he turn'd, + And wound them on his arm, and for her mourn'd. + Then towards the palace of the Destinies, + Laden with languishment and grief, he flies, + And to those stern nymphs humbly made request, + Both might enjoy each other, and be blest. 380 + But with a ghastly dreadful countenance, + Threatening a thousand deaths at every glance, + They answer'd Love, nor would vouchsafe so much + As one poor word, their hate to him was such: + Hearken awhile, and I will tell you why. + Heaven's wingèd herald, Jove-born Mercury, + The self-same day that he asleep had laid + Enchanted Argus, spied a country maid, + Whose careless hair, instead of pearl t'adorn it, + Glister'd with dew, as one that seemed to scorn it; 390 + Her breath as fragrant as the morning rose; + Her mind pure, and her tongue untaught to glose: + Yet proud she was (for lofty Pride that dwells + In tower'd courts, is oft in shepherds' cells), + And too-too well the fair vermillion knew + And silver tincture of her cheeks that drew + The love of every swain. On her this god + Enamour'd was, and with his snaky rod + Did charm her nimble feet, and made her stay, + The while upon a hillock down he lay, 400 + And sweetly on his pipe began to play, + And with smooth speech her fancy to assay, + Till in his twining arms he lock'd her fast, + And then he woo'd with kisses; and at last, + As shepherds do, her on the ground he laid, + And, tumbling in the grass, he often stray'd + Beyond the bounds of shame, in being bold + To eye those parts which no eye should behold; + And, like an insolent commanding lover, + Boasting his parentage, would needs discover 410 + The way to new Elysium. But she, + Whose only dower was her chastity, + Having striven in vain, was now about to cry, + And crave the help of shepherds that were nigh. + Herewith he stay'd his fury, and began + To give her leave to rise: away she ran; + After went Mercury, who used such cunning, + As she, to hear his tale, let off her running + (Maids are not won by brutish force and might, + But speeches full of pleasures and delight); 420 + And, knowing Hermes courted her, was glad + That she such loveliness and beauty had + As could provoke his liking; yet was mute, + And neither would deny nor grant his suit. + Still vow'd he love: she, wanting no excuse + To feed him with delays, as women use, + Or thirsting after immortality, + (All women are ambitious naturally), + Impos'd upon her lover such a task, + As he ought not perform, nor yet she ask; 430 + A draught of flowing nectar she requested, + Wherewith the king of gods and men is feasted. + He, ready to accomplish what she will'd, + Stole some from Hebe (Hebe Jove's cup fill'd), + And gave it to his simple rustic love: + Which being known,--as what is hid from Jove?-- + He inly storm'd, and wax'd more furious + Than for the fire filch'd by Prometheus; + And thrusts him down from heaven. He, wandering here, + In mournful terms, with sad and heavy cheer, 440 + Complain'd to Cupid: Cupid, for his sake, + To be reveng'd on Jove did undertake; + And those on whom heaven, earth, and hell relies, + I mean the adamantine Destinies, + He wounds with love, and forc'd them equally + To dote upon deceitful Mercury. + They offer'd him the deadly fatal knife + That shears the slender threads[23] of human life; + At his fair-feather'd feet the engines laid, + Which th' earth from ugly Chaos' den upweigh'd. 450 + These he regarded not; but did entreat + That Jove, usurper of his father's seat, + Might presently be banish'd into hell, + And agèd Saturn in Olympus dwell. + They granted what he crav'd; and once again + Saturn and Ops began their golden reign: + Murder, rape, war, and[24] lust, and treachery, + Were with Jove clos'd in Stygian empery. + But long this blessèd time continu'd not: + As soon as he his wishèd purpose got, 460 + He, reckless of his promise, did despise + The love of th' everlasting Destinies. + They, seeing it, both Love and him abhorr'd, + And Jupiter unto his place restor'd: + And, but that Learning, in despite of Fate, + Will mount aloft, and enter heaven-gate, + And to the seat of Jove itself advance, + Hermes had slept in hell with Ignorance. + Yet, as a punishment, they added this, + That he and Poverty should always kiss; 470 + And to this day is every scholar poor: + Gross gold from them runs headlong to the boor. + Likewise the angry Sisters, thus deluded, + To venge themselves on Hermes, have concluded + That Midas' brood shall sit in Honour's chair, + To which the Muses' sons are only heir; + And fruitful wits, that inaspiring[25] are, + Shall, discontent, run into regions far; + And few great lords in virtuous deeds shall joy + But be surpris'd with every garish toy, 480 + And still enrich the lofty servile clown, + Who with encroaching guile keeps learning down. + Then muse not Cupid's suit no better sped, + Seeing in their loves the Fates were injurèd. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[1] The Arguments are by Chapman, who also divided Marlowe's portion of +the form into the First and Second Sestiad. + +[2] Eds. 1600, 1606, 1613, "Sea-borders."--Ed. 1598, according to +Malone, has "sea-borderers;" and so eds. 1629, 1637. + +[3] Some editions give "wore." + +[4] Some eds. have "rockt," which may be the right reading. + +[5] So ed. 1637.--The earlier editions that I have seen read "may." + +[6] Cf. _Venus and Adonis_ (l. 3)-- + + "_Rose-cheek'd Adonis_ hied him to the chace." + +[7] So _Hamlet_ i. 1-- + + "The _moist star_, + Upon whose influence Neptune's empire stands." + +[8] "_Thrilling_--tremulously moving."--_Dyce._ Perhaps the meaning +rather is _penetrating_--drilling its way through--"the gloomy sky." + +[9] Variegated (Lat. _discolor_). + +[10] Dyce quotes a passage of Harington's _Orlando Furioso_ where +"flowre" (floor) rhymes with "towre." + +[11] Ed. 1600 and later 4tos. "Tail'd." For the coupling of "Vailed" +with "veiling," cf. 2. _Tamb._ v. iii. 6. "pitch their pitchy tents." + +[12] This line is quoted in _As you like it_, iii. 5:-- + + "Dead shepherd, now I find thy saw of might,-- + _Who ever lov'd, that lov'd not at first sight._" + +[13] "A periphrasis of Night." Marginal note in ed. 1598. + +[14] Lines 199-204, 221-222, are quoted, not quite accurately, by +Matthew in _Every Man in his Humour_, iv. 1. + +[15] Some eds. give "between." + +[16] Cf. Shakespeare, _Sonnet_ cxxxvi.-- + + "Among a number one is reckoned none." + +[17] Some eds. read "sweet." + +[18] Cf. Second Sestiad, l. 73-- + + "She with a kind of granting _put_ him _by_ it." + +[19] This line is quoted in _England's Parnassus_ with the reading +"ripest." + +[20] Hushed. + +[21] "To the 'beldam nurse' there occurs the following allusion in +Drayton's _Heroical Epistle from Queen Mary to Charles Brandon_:-- + + 'There is no beldam nurse to powt nor lower + When wantoning we revell in my tower, + Nor need I top my turret with a light, + To guide thee to me as thou swim'st by night.'"--_Broughton._ + +[22] So the old eds.--Dyce reads "about." + +[23] We are reminded of _Lycidas_:-- + + "Comes the blind Fury with the abhorrèd shears + And slits the thin-spun life." + +[24] Omitted in ed. 1600 and later 4tos. + +[25] This word cannot be right. Query, "high-aspiring?" + + + + +THE SECOND SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Second Sestiad._ + + + Hero of love takes deeper sense, + And doth her love more recompense: + Their first night's meeting, where sweet kisses + Are th' only crowns of both their blisses + He swims t' Abydos, and returns: + Cold Neptune with his beauty burns; + Whose suit he shuns, and doth aspire + Hero's fair tower and his desire. + + By this, sad Hero, with love unacquainted, + Viewing Leander's face, fell down and fainted. + He kiss'd her, and breath'd life[26] into her lips; + Wherewith, as one displeas'd, away she trips; + Yet, as she went, full often look'd behind, + And many poor excuses did she find + To linger by the way, and once she stay'd, + And would have turn'd again, but was afraid, + In offering parley, to be counted light: + So on she goes, and, in her idle flight, 10 + Her painted fan of curled plumes let fall, + Thinking to train Leander therewithal. + He, being a novice, knew not what she meant, + But stay'd, and after her a letter sent; + Which joyful Hero answer'd in such sort, + As he had hope to scale the beauteous fort + Wherein the liberal Graces locked their wealth; + And therefore to her tower he got by stealth. + Wide open stood the door; he need not climb; + And she herself, before the pointed time, 20 + Had spread the board, with roses strew'd the room, + And oft looked out, and mused he did not come. + At last he came: O, who can tell the greeting + These greedy lovers had at their first meeting? + He asked; she gave; and nothing was denied; + Both to each other quickly were affied: + Look how their hands, so were their hearts united, + And what he did, she willingly requited. + (Sweet are the kisses, the embracements sweet, + When like desires and like[27] affections meet; 30 + For from the earth to heaven is Cupid raised, + Where fancy is in equal balance paised.[28]) + Yet she this rashness suddenly repented, + And turn'd aside, and to herself lamented, + As if her name and honour had been wronged + By being possessed of him for whom she longed; + I, and she wished, albeit not from her heart, + That he would leave her turret and depart. + The mirthful god of amorous pleasure smiled + To see how he this captive nymph beguiled; 40 + For hitherto he did but fan the fire, + And kept it down, that it might mount the higher. + Now wax'd she jealous lest his love abated, + Fearing her own thoughts made her to be hated. + Therefore unto him hastily she goes, + And, like light Salmacis, her body throws + Upon his bosom, where with yielding eyes + She offers up herself a sacrifice + To slake her anger, if he were displeased: + O, what god would not therewith be appeased? 50 + Like Æsop's cock, this jewel he enjoyed, + And as a brother with his sister toyed, + Supposing nothing else was to be done, + Now he her favour and goodwill had won. + But know you not that creatures wanting sense, + By nature have a mutual appetence, + And, wanting organs to advance a step, + Mov'd by love's force, unto each other lep? + Much more in subjects having intellect + Some hidden influence breeds like effect. 60 + Albeit Leander, rude in love and raw, + Long dallying with Hero, nothing saw + That might delight him more, yet he suspected + Some amorous rites or other were neglected. + Therefore unto his body hers he clung: + She, fearing on the rushes[29] to be flung, + Strived with redoubled strength; the more she strived, + The more a gentle pleasing heat revived, + Which taught him all that elder lovers know; + And now the same gan so to scorch and glow, 70 + As in plain terms, yet cunningly, he'd crave[30] it: + Love always makes those eloquent that have it. + She, with a kind of granting, put him by it, + And ever, as he thought himself most nigh it, + Like to the tree of Tantalus, she fled, + And, seeming lavish, saved her maidenhead. + Ne'er king more sought to keep his diadem, + Than Hero this inestimable gem: + Above our life we love a steadfast friend; + Yet when a token of great worth we send, 80 + We often kiss it, often look thereon, + And stay the messenger that would be gone; + No marvel, then, though Hero would not yield + So soon to part from that she dearly held: + Jewels being lost are found again; this never; + 'Tis lost but once, and once lost, lost for ever. + + Now had the Morn espied her lover's steeds; + Whereat she starts, puts on her purple weeds, + And, red for anger that he stayed so long, + All headlong throws herself the clouds among. 90 + And now Leander, fearing to be missed, + Embraced her suddenly, took leave, and kissed: + Long was he taking leave, and loath to go, + And kissed again, as lovers use to do. + Sad Hero wrung him by the hand, and wept, + Saying, "Let your vows and promises be kept:" + Then standing at the door, she turned about, + As loath to see Leander going out. + And now the sun, that through th' horizon peeps, + As pitying these lovers, downward creeps; 100 + So that in silence of the cloudy night, + Though it was morning, did he take his flight. + But what the secret trusty night concealed, + Leander's amorous habit soon revealed: + With Cupid's myrtle was his bonnet crowned, + About his arms the purple riband wound, + Wherewith she wreath'd her largely-spreading hair; + Nor could the youth abstain, but he must wear + The sacred ring wherewith she was endowed, + When first religious chastity she vowed; 110 + Which made his love through Sestos to be known, + And thence unto Abydos sooner blown + Than he could sail; for incorporeal Fame, + Whose weight consists in nothing but her name, + Is swifter than the wind, whose tardy plumes + Are reeking water and dull earthly fumes. + + Home when he came, he seemed not to be there, + But, like exilèd air thrust from his sphere, + Set in a foreign place; and straight from thence, + Alcides-like, by mighty violence, 120 + He would have chas'd away the swelling main, + That him from her unjustly did detain. + Like as the sun in a diameter + Fires and inflames objects removèd far, + And heateth kindly, shining laterally; + So beauty sweetly quickens when 'tis nigh, + But being separated and removed, + Burns where it cherished, murders where it loved. + Therefore even as an index to a book, + So to his mind was young Leander's look. 130 + O, none but gods have power[31] their love to hide! + Affection by the countenance is descried; + The light of hidden fire itself discovers, + And love that is concealed betrays poor lovers. + His secret flame apparently was seen: + Leander's father knew where he had been, + And for the same mildly rebuk'd his son, + Thinking to quench the sparkles new-begun. + But love, resisted once, grows passionate, + And nothing more than counsel lovers hate; 140 + For as a hot proud horse highly disdains + To have his head controlled, but breaks the reins, + Spits forth the ringled[32] bit, and with his hoves + Checks the submissive ground; so he that loves, + The more he is restrain'd, the worse he fares: + What is it now but mad Leander dares? + "O Hero, Hero!" thus he cried full oft; + And then he got him to a rock aloft, + Where having spied her tower, long star'd he on't, + And pray'd the narrow toiling Hellespont 150 + To part in twain, that he might come and go; + But still the rising billows answer'd, "No." + With that, he stripp'd him to the ivory skin, + And, crying, "Love, I come," leap'd lively in: + Whereat the sapphire-visaged god grew proud, + And made his capering Triton sound aloud, + Imagining that Ganymede, displeas'd, + Had left the heavens; therefore on him he seiz'd. + Leander strived; the waves about him wound, + And pull'd him to the bottom, where the ground 160 + Was strewed with pearl, and in low coral groves + Sweet-singing mermaids sported with their loves + On heaps of heavy gold, and took great pleasure + To spurn in careless sort the shipwreck treasure; + For here the stately azure palace stood, + Where kingly Neptune and his train abode. + The lusty god embrac'd him, called him "Love," + And swore he never should return to Jove: + But when he knew it was not Ganymed, + For under water he was almost dead, 170 + He heav'd him up, and, looking on his face, + Beat down the bold waves with his triple mace, + Which mounted up, intending to have kiss'd him, + And fell in drops like tears because they miss'd him. + Leander, being up, began to swim, + And, looking back, saw Neptune follow him: + Whereat aghast, the poor soul gan to cry, + "O, let me visit Hero ere I die!" + The god put Helle's bracelet on his arm, + And swore the sea should never do him harm. 180 + He clapped his plump cheeks, with his tresses played, + And, smiling wantonly, his love bewrayed; + He watched his arms, and, as they open'd wide + At every stroke, betwixt them would he slide, + And steal a kiss, and then run out and dance, + And, as he turn'd, cast many a lustful glance, + And throw him gaudy toys to please his eye, + And dive into the water, and there pry + Upon his breast, his thighs, and every limb, + And up again, and close beside him swim, 190 + And talk of love. Leander made reply, + "You are deceiv'd; I am no woman, I." + Thereat smil'd Neptune, and then told a tale, + How that a shepherd, sitting in a vale, + Play'd with a boy so lovely-fair[33] and kind, + As for his love both earth and heaven pin'd; + That of the cooling river durst not drink, + Lest water-nymphs should pull him from the brink; + And when he sported in the fragrant lawns, + Goat-footed Satyrs and up-staring[34] Fauns 200 + Would steal him thence. Ere half this tale was done, + "Ay me," Leander cried, "th' enamoured sun, + That now should shine on Thetis' glassy bower, + Descends upon my radiant Hero's tower: + O, that these tardy arms of mine were wings!" + And, as he spake, upon the waves he springs. + Neptune was angry that he gave no ear, + And in his heart revenging malice bare: + He flung at him his mace; but, as it went, + He call'd it in, for love made him repent: 210 + The mace, returning back, his own hand hit, + As meaning to be venged for darting it. + When this fresh-bleeding wound Leander viewed, + His colour went and came, as if he rued + The grief which Neptune felt: in gentle breasts + Relenting thoughts, remorse, and pity rests; + And who have hard hearts and obdurate minds, + But vicious, hare-brained, and illiterate hinds? + The god, seeing him with pity to be moved, + Thereon concluded that he was beloved. 220 + (Love is too full of faith, too credulous, + With folly and false hope deluding us); + Wherefore, Leander's fancy to surprise, + To the rich ocean for gifts he flies: + Tis wisdom to give much; a gift prevails + When deep persuading oratory fails, + By this, Leander, being near the land, + Cast down his weary feet, and felt the sand. + Breathless albeit he were, he rested not + Till to the solitary tower he got; 230 + And knocked and called: at which celestial noise + The longing heart of Hero much more joys, + Than nymphs and shepherds when the timbrel rings, + Or crookèd dolphin when the sailor sings. + She stayed not for her robes, but straight arose, + And, drunk with gladness, to the door she goes; + Where seeing a naked man, she screeched for fear + (Such sights as this to tender maids are rare), + And ran into the dark herself to hide + (Rich jewels in the dark are soonest spied). 240 + Unto her was he led, or rather drawn, + By those white limbs which sparkled through the lawn. + The nearer that he came, the more she fled, + And, seeking refuge, slipt into her bed; + Whereon Leander sitting, thus began, + Through numbing cold, all feeble, faint, and wan. + "If not for love, yet, love, for pity-sake, + Me in thy bed and maiden bosom take; + At least vouchsafe these arms some little room, + Who, hoping to embrace thee, cheerly swoom: 250 + This head was beat with many a churlish billow, + And therefore let it rest upon thy pillow." + Herewith affrighted, Hero shrunk away, + And in her lukewarm place Leander lay; + Whose lively heat, like fire from heaven fet,[35] + Would animate gross clay, and higher set + The drooping thoughts of base-declining souls, + Than dreary-Mars-carousing nectar bowls. + His hands he cast upon her like a snare: + She, overcome with shame and sallow[36] fear, 260 + Like chaste Diana when Actæon spied her, + Being suddenly betray'd, div'd down to hide her; + And, as her silver body downward went, + With both her hands she made the bed a tent, + And in her own mind thought herself secure, + O'ercast with dim and darksome coverture. + And now she lets him whisper in her ear, + Flatter, entreat, promise, protest, and swear: + Yet ever, as he greedily assay'd + To touch those dainties, she the harpy play'd, 270 + And every limb did, as a soldier stout, + Defend the fort, and keep the foeman out; + For though the rising ivory mount he scal'd, + Which is with azure circling lines empal'd, + Much like a globe (a globe may I term this, + By which Love sails to regions full of bliss), + Yet there with Sisyphus he toil'd in vain, + Till gentle parley did the truce obtain + Even[37] as a bird, which in our hands we wring, + Forth plungeth, and oft flutters with her wing, 280 + She trembling strove: this strife of hers, like that + Which made the world, another world begat + Of unknown joy. Treason was in her thought, + And cunningly to yield herself she sought. + Seeming not won, yet won she was at length: + In such wars women use but half their strength. + Leander now, like Theban Hercules, + Enter'd the orchard of th' Hesperides; + Whose fruit none rightly can describe, but he + That pulls or shakes it from the golden tree. 290 + Wherein Leander, on her quivering breast, + Breathless spoke something, and sigh'd out the rest; + Which so prevail'd, as he with small ado, + Enclos'd her in his arms, and kiss'd her too: + And every kiss to her was as a charm, + And to Leander as a fresh alarm: + So that the truce was broke, and she, alas, + Poor silly maiden, at his mercy was. + Love is not full of pity, as men say, + But deaf and cruel where he means to prey. 300 + And now she wish'd this night were never done, + And sigh'd to think upon th' approaching sun; + For much it griev'd her that the bright day-light + Should know the pleasure of this blessèd night, + And them, like Mars and Erycine, display[38] + Both in each other's arms chain'd as they lay. + Again, she knew not how to frame her look, + Or speak to him, who in a moment took + That which so long, so charily she kept; + And fain by stealth away she would have crept, 310 + And to some corner secretly have gone, + Leaving Leander in the bed alone. + But as her naked feet were whipping out, + He on the sudden cling'd her so about, + That, mermaid-like, unto the floor she slid; + One half appear'd, the other half was hid. + Thus near the bed she blushing stood upright, + And from her countenance behold ye might + A kind of twilight break, which through the air,[39] + As from an orient cloud, glimps'd[40] here and there; 320 + And round about the chamber this false morn + Brought forth the day before the day was born. + So Hero's ruddy cheek Hero betray'd, + And her all naked to his sight display'd: + Whence his admiring eyes more pleasure took + Than Dis,[41] on heaps of gold fixing his look. + By this, Apollo's golden harp began + To sound forth music to the ocean; + Which watchful Hesperus no sooner heard, + But he the bright Day-bearing car[42] prepar'd, 330 + And ran before, as harbinger of light, + And with his flaring beams mock'd ugly Night, + Till she, o'ercome with anguish, shame, and rage, + Dang'd[43] down to hell her loathsome carriage. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[26] Cf. _Rom. and Jul._ v. 1-- + + "I dreamed my lady came and found me dead, + Strange dream that gives a dead man leave to think!-- + And _breathed such life with kisses in my lips_, + That I revived and was an emperor." + +[27] Omitted in eds. 1600, 1606, 1613, and 1637. + +[28] Peised, weighed. + +[29] Rooms were strewed with rushes before the introduction of carpets. +Shakespeare, like Marlowe, attributed the customs of his own day to +ancient times. Cf. _Cymb._ ii. 2-- + + "Our Tarquin thus + Did softly press the _rushes_ ere he wakened + The chastity he wounded." + +[30] Old eds. "crau'd." + +[31] Some eds. give "O, none have power but gods." + +[32] "In ages and countries where mechanical ingenuity has but few +outlets it exhausts itself in the constructions of bits, each more +peculiar in form or more torturing in effect than that which has +preceded it. I have seen collections of these instruments of torments, +and among them some of which Marlowe's curious adjective would have been +highly descriptive. It may be, however, that the word is 'ring-led,' in +which shape it would mean guided by the ring on each side like a +snaffle."--_Cunningham._ + +[33] Some eds. give "so faire and kind." Cf. _Othello_, iv. 2-- + + "O thou wind + Who art so _lovely-fair_ and smell'st so sweet." + +[34] Ed. 1613 and later eds. "upstarting." + +[35] Fetched + +[36] Some eds. give "shallow." + +[37] In the old eds. this line and the next stood after l. 300. The +transposition was made by Singer in the edition of 1821. + +[38] Old eds.--"then ... displaid," and in the next line "laid." + +[39] Old eds. "heare" and "haire." + +[40] Old eds. "glympse." + +[41] Pluto was frequently identified by the Greeks with Plutus. + +[42] Old eds. "day bright-bearing car." + +[43] Dinged, dashed. Some eds. give "hurled."--Here Marlowe's share +ends. + + + + +THE EPISTLE[44] DEDICATORY + +TO MY + +BEST ESTEEMED AND WORTHILY HONOURED LADY THE + +LADY WALSINGHAM, + +ONE OF THE LADIES OF HER MAJESTY'S BED-CHAMBER. + + +I present your ladyship with the last affections of the first two Lovers +that ever Muse shrined in the Temple of Memory; being drawn by strange +instigation to employ some of my serious time in so trifling a subject, +which yet made the first Author, divine Musaeus, eternal. And were it +not that we must subject our accounts of these common received conceits +to servile custom, it goes much against my hand to sign that for a +trifling subject on which more worthiness of soul hath been shewed, and +weight of divine wit, than can vouchsafe residence in the leaden gravity +of any money-monger; in whose profession all serious subjects are +concluded. But he that shuns trifles must shun the world; out of whose +reverend heaps of substance and austerity I can and will ere long single +or tumble out as brainless and passionate fooleries as ever panted in +the bosom of the most ridiculous lover. Accept it, therefore, good +Madam, though as a trifle, yet as a serious argument of my affection; +for to be thought thankful for all free and honourable favours is a +great sum of that riches my whole thrift intendeth. + +Such uncourtly and silly dispositions as mine, whose contentment hath +other objects than profit or glory, are as glad, simply for the naked +merit of virtue, to honour such as advance her, as others that are hard +to commend with deepliest politique bounty. + +It hath therefore adjoined much contentment to my desire of your true +honour to hear men of desert in court add to mine own knowledge of your +noble disposition how gladly you do your best to prefer their desires, +and have as absolute respect to their mere good parts as if they came +perfumed and charmed with golden incitements. And this most sweet +inclination, that flows from the truth and eternity of Nobles[se], +assure your Ladyship doth more suit your other ornaments, and makes more +to the advancement of your name and happiness of your proceedings, than +if like others you displayed ensigns of state and sourness in your +forehead, made smooth with nothing but sensuality and presents. + +This poor Dedication (in figure of the other unity betwixt Sir Thomas +and yourself) hath rejoined you with him, my honoured best friend; whose +continuance of ancient kindness to my still-obscured estate, though it +cannot increase my love to him which hath been entirely circular; yet +shall it encourage my deserts to their utmost requital, and make my +hearty gratitude speak; to which the unhappiness of my life hath +hitherto been uncomfortable and painful dumbness. + +By your Ladyship's vowed in + + most wished service, + + GEORGE CHAPMAN. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[44] This Epistle is only found in the Isham copy, 1598. + + + + +THE THIRD SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Third Sestiad._ + + + Leander to the envious light + Resigns his night-sports with the night, + And swims the Hellespont again. + Thesme, the deity sovereign + Of customs and religious rites, + Appears, reproving[45] his delights, + Since nuptial honours he neglected; + Which straight he vows shall be effected. + Fair Hero, left devirginate, + Weighs, and with fury wails her state; 10 + But with her love and woman's wit + She argues and approveth it. + + New light gives new directions, fortunes new, + To fashion our endeavours that ensue. + More harsh, at least more hard, more grave and high + Our subject runs, and our stern Muse must fly. + Love's edge is taken off, and that light flame, + Those thoughts, joys, longings, that before became + High unexperienc'd blood, and maids' sharp plights, + Must now grow staid, and censure the delights, + That, being enjoy'd, ask judgment; now we praise, + As having parted: evenings crown the days. 10 + And now, ye wanton Loves, and young Desires, + Pied Vanity, the mint of strange attires, + Ye lisping Flatteries, and obsequious Glances, + Relentful Musics, and attractive Dances, + And you detested Charms constraining love! + Shun love's stoln sports by that these lovers prove. + By this, the sovereign of heaven's golden fires, + And young Leander, lord of his desires, + Together from their lovers' arms arose: + Leander into Hellespontus throws 20 + His Hero-handled body, whose delight + Made him disdain each other epithite. + And as amidst th' enamour'd waves he swims, + The god of gold[46] of purpose gilt his limbs, + That, this word _gilt_[47] including double sense, + The double guilt of his incontinence + Might be express'd, that had no stay t' employ + The treasure which the love-god let him joy + In his dear Hero, with such sacred thrift + As had beseem'd so sanctified a gift; 30 + But, like a greedy vulgar prodigal, + Would on the stock dispend, and rudely fall, + Before his time, to that unblessèd blessing + Which, for lust's plague, doth perish with possessing: + Joy graven in sense, like snow[48] in water, wasts: + Without preserve of virtue, nothing lasts. + What man is he, that with a wealthy eye + Enjoys a beauty richer than the sky, + Through whose white skin, softer than soundest sleep, + With damask eyes the ruby blood doth peep, 40 + And runs in branches through her azure veins, + Whose mixture and first fire his love attains; + Whose both hands limit both love's deities, + And sweeten human thoughts like Paradise; + Whose disposition silken is and kind, + Directed with an earth-exempted mind;-- + Who thinks not heaven with such a love is given? + And who, like earth, would spend that dower of heaven, + With rank desire to joy it all at first? + What simply kills our hunger, quencheth thirst, 50 + Clothes but our nakedness, and makes us live, + Praise doth not any of her favours give: + But what doth plentifully minister + Beauteous apparel and delicious cheer, + So order'd that it still excites desire, + And still gives pleasure freeness to aspire, + The palm of Bounty ever moist preserving; + To Love's sweet life this is the courtly carving. + Thus Time and all-states-ordering Ceremony + Had banish'd all offence: Time's golden thigh 60 + Upholds the flowery body of the earth + In sacred harmony, and every birth + Of men and actions[49] makes legitimate; + Being us'd aright, the use of time is fate. + Yet did the gentle flood transfer once more + This prize of love home to his father's shore; + Where he unlades himself on that false wealth + That makes few rich,--treasures compos'd by stealth; + And to his sister, kind Hermione + (Who on the shore kneel'd, praying to the sea 70 + For his return), he all love's goods did show, + In Hero seis'd for him, in him for Hero. + His most kind sister all his secrets knew, + And to her, singing, like a shower, he flew, + Sprinkling the earth, that to their tombs took in + Streams dead for love, to leave his ivory shin, + Which yet a snowy foam did leave above, + As soul to the dead water that did love; + And from hence did the first white roses spring + (For love is sweet and fair in everything), 80 + And all the sweeten'd shore, as he did go, + Was crown'd with odorous roses, white as snow. + Love-blest Leander was with love so fill'd, + That love to all that touch'd him he instill'd; + And as the colours of all things we see, + To our sight's powers communicated be, + So to all objects that in compass came + Of any sense he had, his senses' flame + Flow'd from his parts with force so virtual, + It fir'd with sense things mere[50] insensual. 90 + Now, with warm baths and odours comforted, + When he lay down, he kindly kiss'd his bed, + As consecrating it to Hero's right, + And vow'd thereafter, that whatever sight + Put him in mind of Hero or her bliss, + Should be her altar to prefer a kiss. + Then laid he forth his late-enrichèd arms, + In whose white circle Love writ all his charms, + And made his characters sweet Hero's limbs, + When on his breast's warm sea she sideling swims; 100 + And as those arms, held up in circle, met, + He said, "See, sister, Hero's carquenet! + Which she had rather wear about her neck, + Than all the jewels that do Juno deck." + But, as he shook with passionate desire + To put in flame his other secret fire, + A music so divine did pierce his ear, + As never yet his ravish'd sense did hear; + When suddenly a light of twenty hues + Brake through the roof, and, like the rainbow, views, 110 + Amaz'd Leander: in whose beams came down + The goddess Ceremony, with a crown + Of all the stars; and Heaven with her descended: + Her flaming hair to her bright feet extended, + By which hung all the bench of deities; + And in a chain, compact of ears and eyes, + She led Religion: all her body was + Clear and transparent as the purest glass, + For she was all[51] presented to the sense: + Devotion, Order, State, and Reverence, 120 + Her shadows were; Society, Memory; + All which her sight made live, her absence die. + A rich disparent pentacle[52] she wears, + Drawn full of circles and strange characters. + Her face was changeable to every eye; + One way look'd ill, another graciously; + Which while men view'd, they cheerful were and holy, + But looking off, vicious and melancholy. + The snaky paths to each observèd law + Did Policy in her broad bosom draw. 130 + One hand a mathematic crystal sways, + Which, gathering in one line a thousand rays + From her bright eyes, Confusion burns to death, + And all estates of men distinguisheth: + By it Morality and Comeliness + Themselves in all their sightly figures dress. + Her other hand a laurel rod applies, + To beat back Barbarism and Avarice, + That follow'd, eating earth and excrement + And human limbs; and would make proud ascent 140 + To seats of gods, were Ceremony slain. + The Hours and Graces bore her glorious train; + And all the sweets of our society + Were spher'd and treasur'd in her bounteous eye. + Thus she appear'd, and sharply did reprove + Leander's bluntness in his violent love; + Told him how poor was substance without rites, + Like bills unsign'd; desires without delights; + Like meats unseason'd; like rank corn that grows + On cottages, that none or reaps or sows; 150 + Not being with civil forms confirm'd and bounded, + For human dignities and comforts founded; + But loose and secret all their glories hide; + Fear fills the chamber, Darkness decks the bride. + She vanish'd, leaving pierc'd Leander's heart + With sense of his unceremonious part, + In which, with plain neglect of nuptial rites, + He close and flatly fell to his delights: + And instantly he vow'd to celebrate + All rites pertaining to his married state. 160 + So up he gets, and to his father goes, + To whose glad ears he doth his vows disclose. + The nuptials are resolv'd with utmost power; + And he at night would swim to Hero's tower, + From whence he meant to Sestos' forkèd bay + To bring her covertly, where ships must stay, + Sent by his[53] father, throughly rigg'd and mann'd, + To waft her safely to Abydos' strand. + There leave we him; and with fresh wing pursue + Astonish'd Hero, whose most wishèd view 170 + I thus long have foreborne, because I left her + So out of countenance, and her spirits bereft her: + To look on one abash'd is impudence, + When of slight faults he hath too deep a sense. + Her blushing het[54] her chamber; she look'd out, + And all the air she purpled round about; + And after it a foul black day befell, + Which ever since a red morn doth foretell, + And still renews our woes for Hero's woe; + And foul it prov'd because it figur'd so 180 + The next night's horror; which prepare to hear; + I fail, if it profane your daintiest ear. + Then, ho,[55] most strangely-intellectual fire, + That, proper to my soul, hast power t' inspire + Her burning faculties, and with the wings + Of thy unspherèd flame visit'st the springs + Of spirits immortal! Now (as swift as Time + Doth follow Motion) find th' eternal clime + Of his free soul, whose living subject[56] stood + Up to the chin in the Pierian flood, 190 + And drunk to me half this Musæan story, + Inscribing it to deathless memory: + Confer with it, and make my pledge as deep, + That neither's draught be consecrate to sleep; + Tell it how much his late desires I tender + (If yet it know not), and to light surrender + My soul's dark offspring, willing it should die + To loves, to passions, and society. + Sweet Hero, left upon her bed alone, + Her maidenhead, her vows, Leander gone, 200 + And nothing with her but a violent crew + Of new-come thoughts, that yet she never knew, + Even to herself a stranger, was much like + Th' Iberian city[57] that War's hand did strike + By English force in princely Essex' guide, + When Peace assur'd her towers had fortified, + And golden-finger'd India had bestow'd + Such wealth on her, that strength and empire flow'd + Into her turrets, and her virgin waist + The wealthy girdle of the sea embraced; 210 + Till our Leander, that made Mars his Cupid, + For soft love-suits, with iron thunders chid; + Swum to her towers,[58] dissolv'd her virgin zone; + Led in his power, and made Confusion + Run through her streets amaz'd, that she suppos'd + She had not been in her own walls enclos'd, + But rapt by wonder to some foreign state, + Seeing all her issue so disconsolate, + And all her peaceful mansions possess'd + With war's just spoil, and many a foreign guest 220 + From every corner driving an enjoyer, + Supplying it with power of a destroyer. + So far'd fair Hero in th' expugnèd fort + Of her chaste bosom; and of every sort + Strange thoughts possess'd her, ransacking her breast + For that that was not there, her wonted rest. + She was a mother straight, and bore with pain + Thoughts that spake straight, and wish'd their mother slain; + She hates their lives, and they their own and hers: + Such strife still grows where sin the race prefers: 230 + Love is a golden bubble, full of dreams, + That waking breaks, and fills us with extremes. + She mus'd how she could look upon her sire, + And not shew that without, that was intire;[59] + For as a glass is an inanimate eye, + And outward forms embraceth inwardly, + So is the eye an animate glass, that shows + In-forms without us; and as Phoebus throws + His beams abroad, though he in clouds be clos'd, + Still glancing by them till he find oppos'd 240 + A loose and rorid vapour that is fit + T' event[60] his searching beams, and useth it + To form a tender twenty-colour'd eye, + Cast in a circle round about the sky; + So when our fiery soul, our body's star, + (That ever is in motion circular,) + Conceives a form, in seeking to display it + Through all our cloudy parts, it doth convey it + Forth at the eye, as the most pregnant place, + And that reflects it round about the face. 250 + And this event, uncourtly Hero thought, + Her inward guilt would in her looks have wrought; + For yet the world's stale cunning she resisted, + To bear foul thoughts, yet forge what looks she listed, + And held it for a very silly sleight, + To make a perfect metal counterfeit, + Glad to disclaim herself, proud of an art + That makes the face a pandar to the heart. + Those be the painted moons, whose lights profane + Beauty's true Heaven, at full still in their wane; 260 + Those be the lapwing-faces that still cry, + "Here 'tis!" when that they vow is nothing nigh: + Base fools! when every moorish fool[61] can teach + That which men think the height of human reach. + But custom, that the apoplexy is + Of bed-rid nature and lives led amiss, + And takes away all feeling of offence, + Yet braz'd not Hero's brow with impudence; + And this she thought most hard to bring to pass, + To seem in countenance other than she was, 270 + As if she had two souls, one for the face, + One for the heart, and that they shifted place + As either list to utter or conceal + What they conceiv'd, or as one soul did deal + With both affairs at once, keeps and ejects + Both at an instant contrary effects; + Retention and ejection in her powers + Being acts alike; for this one vice of ours, + That forms the thought, and sways the countenance, + Rules both our motion and our utterance. 280 + These and more grave conceits toil'd Hero's spirits; + For, though the light of her discoursive wits + Perhaps might find some little hole to pass + Through all these worldly cinctures, yet, alas! + There was a heavenly flame encompass'd her,-- + Her goddess, in whose fane she did prefer + Her virgin vows, from whose impulsive sight + She knew the black shield of the darkest night + Could not defend her, nor wit's subtlest art: + This was the point pierc'd Hero to the heart; 290 + Who, heavy to the death, with a deep sigh, + And hand that languished, took a robe was nigh, + Exceeding large, and of black cypres[62] made, + In which she sate, hid from the day in shade, + Even over head and face, down to her feet; + Her left hand made it at her bosom meet, + Her right hand lean'd on her heart-bowing knee, + Wrapp'd in unshapeful folds, 'twas death to see; + Her knee stay'd that, and that her falling face; + Each limb help'd other to put on disgrace: 300 + No form was seen, where form held all her sight; + But like an embryon that saw never light, + Or like a scorchèd statue made a coal + With three-wing'd lightning, or a wretched soul + Muffled with endless darkness, she did sit: + The night had never such a heavy spirit. + Yet might a penetrating[63] eye well see + How fast her clear tears melted on her knee + Through her black veil, and turn'd as black as it, + Mourning to be her tears. Then wrought her wit 310 + With her broke vow, her goddess' wrath, her fame,-- + All tools that enginous[64] despair could frame: + Which made her strew the floor with her torn hair, + And spread her mantle piece-meal in the air. + Like Jove's son's club, strong passion struck her down, + And with a piteous shriek enforc'd her swoun: + Her shriek made with another shriek ascend + The frighted matron that on her did tend; + And as with her own cry her sense was slain, + So with the other it was called again. 320 + She rose, and to her bed made forcèd way, + And laid her down even where Leander lay; + And all this while the red sea of her blood + Ebb'd with Leander: but now turn'd the flood, + And all her fleet of spirits came swelling in, + With child[65] of sail, and did hot fight begin + With those severe conceits she too much marked: + And here Leander's beauties were embarked. + He came in swimming, painted all with joys, + Such as might sweeten hell: his thought destroys 330 + All her destroying thoughts; she thought she felt + His heart in hers, with her contentions melt, + And chide her soul that it could so much err, + To check the true joys he deserved in her. + Her fresh-heat blood cast figures in her eyes, + And she suppos'd she saw in Neptune's skies + How her star wander'd, wash'd in smarting brine, + For her love's sake, that with immortal wine + Should be embath'd, and swim in more heart's-ease + Than there was water in the Sestian seas. 340 + Then said her Cupid-prompted spirit, "Shall I + Sing moans to such delightsome harmony? + Shall slick-tongu'd Fame, patch'd up with voices rude, + The drunken bastard of the multitude + (Begot when father Judgment is away, + And, gossip-like, says because others say, + Takes news as if it were too hot to eat, + And spits it slavering forth for dog-fees meat), + Make me, for forging a fantastic vow, + Presume to bear what makes grave matrons bow? 350 + Good vows are never broken with good deeds, + For then good deeds were bad: vows are but seeds, + And good deeds fruits; even those good deeds that grow + From other stocks than from th' observèd vow. + That is a good deed that prevents a bad: + Had I not yielded, slain myself I had. + Hero Leander is, Leander Hero; + Such virtue love hath to make one of two. + If, then, Leander did my maidenhead git, + Leander being myself, I still retain it: 360 + We break chaste vows when we live loosely ever, + But bound as we are, we live loosely never: + Two constant lovers being join'd in one, + Yielding to one another, yield to none. + We know not how to vow till love unblind us, + And vows made ignorantly never bind us. + Too true it is, that, when 'tis gone, men hate + The joy[66] as vain they took in love's estate: + But that's since they have lost the heavenly light + Should show them way to judge of all things right. 370 + When life is gone, death must implant his terror: + As death is foe to life, so love to error. + Before we love, how range we through this sphere, + Searching the sundry fancies hunted here: + Now with desire of wealth transported quite + Beyond our free humanity's delight; + Now with ambition climbing falling towers, + Whose hope to scale, our fear to fall devours; + Now rapt with pastimes, pomp, all joys impure: + In things without us no delight is sure. 380 + But love, with all joys crowned, within doth sit: + O goddess, pity love, and pardon it!" + Thus spake she[67] weeping: but her goddess' ear + Burn'd with too stern a heat, and would not hear. + Ay me! hath heaven's strait fingers no more graces + For such as Hero[68] than for homeliest faces? + Yet she hoped well, and in her sweet conceit + Weighing her arguments, she thought them weight, + And that the logic of Leander's beauty, + And them together, would bring proofs of duty; 390 + And if her soul, that was a skilful glance + Of heaven's great essence, found such imperance[69] + In her love's beauties, she had confidence + Jove loved him too, and pardoned her offence: + Beauty in heaven and earth this grace doth win, + It supples rigour, and it lessens sin. + Thus, her sharp wit, her love, her secrecy, + Trooping together, made her wonder why + She should not leave her bed, and to the temple; + Her health said she must live; her sex, dissemble. 400 + She viewed Leander's place, and wished he were + Turned to his place, so his place were Leander. + "Ay me," said she, "that love's sweet life and sense + Should do it harm! my love had not gone hence + Had he been like his place: O blessèd place, + Image of constancy! Thus my love's grace + Parts nowhere, but it leaves something behind + Worth observation: he renowns his kind: + His motion is, like heaven's, orbicular, + For where he once is, he is ever there. 410 + This place was mine; Leander, now 'tis thine; + Thou being myself, then it is double mine, + Mine, and Leander's mine, Leander's mine. + O, see what wealth it yields me, nay, yields him! + For I am in it, he for me doth swim. + Rich, fruitful love, that, doubling self estates, + Elixir-like contracts, though separates! + Dear place, I kiss thee, and do welcome thee, + As from Leander ever sent to me." + +FOOTNOTES: + +[45] Old eds. "improving." + +[46] "He calls Phoebus the god of gold, since the virtue of his beams +creates it."--Marginal note in the Isham copy. + +[47] The reader will remember how grimly Lady Macbeth plays upon this +word:-- + + "I'll _gild_ the faces of the grooms withal: + For it must seem their _guilt_."--ii. 2. + +[48] "It is not likely that Burns had ever read _Hero and Leander_, but +compare _Tam o' Shanter_-- + + 'But pleasures are like poppies spread, + You seize the flower, its bloom is shed, + Or like the snow falls in the river, + A moment white--then melts for ever!'" + +--_Cunningham._ + +[49] In _England's Parnassus_ the reading is "of men audacious." + +[50] Wholly. + +[51] Some eds. give "For as she was." + +[52] A magical figure formed of intersected triangles. It was supposed +to preserve the wearer from the assaults of demons. "Disparent would +seem to mean that the five points of the ornaments radiated distinctly +one from the other."--_Cunningham._ + +[53] Old eds. "her." + +[54] Heated. + +[55] Old eds. "how." + +[56] Substance, as opposed to spirit. Cf. note. Vol. i., 203. + +[57] Cadiz, which was taken in June 21, 1596, by the force under the +joint command of Essex and Howard of Effingham. + +[58] So the Isham copy.--The other old eds. read "townes," for which +Dyce gives "town." + +[59] Within. + +[60] Vent forth. + +[61] "Fowl" and "fool" had the same pronunciation. Cf. _3 Henry VI._ v. +6:-- + + "Why, what a peevish _fool_ was he of Crete, + That taught his son the office of a _fowl_! + And yet for all his wings the _fool_ was drowned." + +The "moorish fool" is explained by the allusion to the lapwing, two +lines above. (The lapwing was supposed to draw the searcher from her +nest by crying in other places. "The lapwing cries most furthest from +her nest."--_Ray's Proverbs._) + +[62] A kind of crape. + +[63] So the modern editors for an "imitating." + +[64] Ingenious. Chapman has the form "enginous" in his translation of +the Odyssey, i. 452, + + "By open force or prospects _enginous_." + +[65] Some modern editors unnecessarily give "With _crowd_ of sail." + +[66] Old eds. "joys." + +[67] Old eds. "he." + +[68] Some eds. give "For such a Hero." + +[69] Command. + + + + +THE FOURTH SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Fourth Sestiad._ + + + Hero, in sacred habit deckt, + Doth private sacrifice effect. + Her scarf's description, wrought by Fate; + Ostents that threaten her estate; + The strange, yet physical, events, + Leander's counterfeit[70] presents. + In thunder Cyprides descends, + Presaging both the lovers' ends: + Ecte, the goddess of remorse, + With vocal and articulate force 10 + Inspires Leucote, Venus' swan, + T' excuse the Beauteous Sestian. + Venus, to wreak her rites' abuses, + Creates the monster Eronusis, + Inflaming Hero's sacrifice + With lightning darted from her eyes; + And thereof springs the painted beast + That ever since taints every breast. + + Now from Leander's place she rose, and found + Her hair and rent robe scatter'd on the ground; + Which taking up, she every piece did lay + Upon an altar, where in youth of day + She us'd t' exhibit private sacrifice: + Those would she offer to the deities + Of her fair goddess and her powerful son, + As relics of her late-felt passion; + And in that holy sort she vow'd to end them, + In hope her violent fancies, that did rend them, 10 + Would as quite fade in her love's holy fire, + As they should in the flames she meant t' inspire. + Then put she on all her religious weeds, + That decked her in her secret sacred deeds; + A crown of icicles, that sun nor fire + Could ever melt, and figur'd chaste desire; + A golden star shined in her naked breast, + In honour of the queen-light of the east. + In her right hand she held a silver wand, + On whose bright top Peristera did stand. 20 + Who was a nymph, but now transformed a dove, + And in her life was dear in Venus' love; + And for her sake she ever since that time + Choosed doves to draw her coach through heaven's blue clime. + Her plenteous hair in curlèd billows swims + On her bright shoulder: her harmonious limbs + Sustained no more but a most subtile veil, + That hung on them, as it durst not assail + Their different concord; for the weakest air + Could raise it swelling from her beauties fair; 30 + Nor did it cover, but adumbrate only + Her most heart-piercing parts, that a blest eye + Might see, as it did shadow, fearfully, + All that all-love-deserving paradise: + It was as blue as the most freezing skies; + Near the sea's hue, for thence her goddess came: + On it a scarf she wore of wondrous frame; + In midst whereof she wrought a virgin's face, + From whose each cheek a fiery blush did chase + Two crimson flames, that did two ways extend, 40 + Spreading the ample scarf to either end; + Which figur'd the division of her mind, + Whiles yet she rested bashfully inclin'd, + And stood not resolute to wed Leander; + This serv'd her white neck for a purple sphere, + And cast itself at full breadth down her back: + There, since the first breath that begun the wrack + Of her free quiet from Leander's lips, + She wrought a sea, in one flame, full of ships; + But that one ship where all her wealth did pass, 50 + Like simple merchants' goods, Leander was; + For in that sea she naked figured him; + Her diving needle taught him how to swim, + And to each thread did such resemblance give, + For joy to be so like him it did live: + Things senseless live by art, and rational die + By rude contempt of art and industry. + Scarce could she work, but, in her strength of thought, + She fear'd she prick'd Leander as she wrought,[71] + And oft would shriek so, that her guardian, frighted, 60 + Would startling haste, as with some mischief cited: + They double life that dead things' griefs sustain; + They kill that feel not their friends' living pain. + Sometimes she fear'd he sought her infamy; + And then, as she was working of his eye, + She thought to prick it out to quench her ill; + But, as she prick'd, it grew more perfect still: + Trifling attempts no serious acts advance; + The fire of love is blown by dalliance. + In working his fair neck she did so grace it, 70 + She still was working her own arms t' embrace it: + That, and his shoulders, and his hands were seen + Above the stream; and with a pure sea-green + She did so quaintly shadow every limb, + All might be seen beneath the waves to swim. + In this conceited scarf she wrought beside + A moon in change, and shooting stars did glide + In number after her with bloody beams; + Which figur'd her affects[72] in their extremes, + Pursuing nature in her Cynthian body, 80 + And did her thoughts running on change imply; + For maids take more delight, when they prepare, + And think of wives' states, than when wives they are. + Beneath all these she wrought a fisherman,[73] + Drawing his nets from forth the ocean; + Who drew so hard, ye might discover well + The toughen'd sinews in his neck did swell: + His inward strains drave out his blood-shot eyes, + And springs of sweat did in his forehead rise; + Yet was of naught but of a serpent sped, 90 + That in his bosom flew and stung him dead: + And this by Fate into her mind was sent, + Not wrought by mere instinct of her intent. + At the scarf's other end her hand did frame, + Near the fork'd point of the divided flame, + A country virgin keeping of a vine, + Who did of hollow bulrushes combine + Snares for the stubble-loving grasshopper, + And by her lay her scrip that nourish'd her. + Within a myrtle shade she sate and sung; 100 + And tufts of waving reeds above her sprung, + Where lurked two foxes, that, while she applied + Her trifling snares, their thieveries did divide, + One to the vine, another to her scrip, + That she did negligently overslip; + By which her fruitful vine and wholesome fare + She suffered spoiled to make a childish snare. + These ominous fancies did her soul express, + And every finger made a prophetess, + To show what death was hid in love's disguise, 110 + And make her judgment conquer Destinies. + O, what sweet forms fair ladies' souls do shroud, + Were they made seen and forcèd through their blood; + If through their beauties, like rich work through lawn, + They would set forth their minds with virtues drawn, + In letting graces from their fingers fly, + To still their eyas[74] thoughts with industry; + That their plied wits in numbered silks might sing + Passion's huge conquest, and their needles[75] leading + Affection prisoner through their own-built cities, 120 + Pinioned with stones and Arachnean ditties. + Proceed we now with Hero's sacrifice: + She odours burned, and from their smoke did rise + Unsavoury fumes, that air with plagues inspired; + And then the consecrated sticks she fired. + On whose pale flames an angry spirit flew, + And beat it down still as it upward grew; + The virgin tapers that on th' altar stood, + When she inflam'd them, burned as red as blood;[76] + All sad ostents of that too near success,[77] 130 + That made such moving beauties motionless. + Then Hero wept; but her affrighted eyes + She quickly wrested from the sacrifice, + Shut them, and inwards for Leander looked, + Search'd her soft bosom, and from thence she plucked + His lovely picture; which when she had viewed, + Her beauties were with all love's joys renewed; + The odours sweeten'd, and the fires burned clear, + Leander's form left no ill object there: + Such was his beauty, that the force of light, 140 + Whose knowledge teacheth wonders infinite, + The strength of number and proportion, + Nature had placed in it to make it known, + Art was her daughter, and what human wits + For study lost, entombed in drossy spirits. + After this accident (which for her glory + Hero could not but make a history), + Th' inhabitants of Sestos and Abydos + Did every year, with feasts propitious, + To fair Leander's picture sacrifice: 150 + And they were persons of especial price + That were allowed it, as an ornament + T' enrich their houses, for the continent + Of the strange virtues all approved it held; + For even the very look of it repelled + All blastings, witchcrafts, and the strifes of nature + In those diseases that no herbs could cure; + The wolfy sting of avarice it would pull, + And make the rankest miser bountiful; + It kill'd the fear of thunder and of death; 160 + The discords that conceit engendereth + 'Twixt man and wife, it for the time would cease; + The flames of love it quench'd, and would increase; + Held in a prince's hand, it would put out + The dreadful'st comet; it would ease[78] all doubt + Of threaten'd mischiefs; it would bring asleep + Such as were mad; it would enforce to weep + Most barbarous eyes; and many more effects + This picture wrought, and sprung[79] Leandrian[80] sects; + Of which was Hero first; for he whose form, 170 + Held in her hand, clear'd such a fatal storm, + From hell she thought his person would defend her, + Which night and Hellespont would quickly send her. + With this confirm'd, she vow'd to banish quite + All thought of any check to her delight; + And, in contempt of silly bashfulness, + She would the faith of her desires profess, + Where her religion should be policy, + To follow love with zeal her piety; + Her chamber her cathedral-church should be, 180 + And her Leander her chief deity; + For in her love these did the gods forego; + And though her knowledge did not teach her so, + Yet did it teach her this, that what her heart + Did greatest hold in her self-greatest part, + That she did make her god; and 'twas less naught + To leave gods in profession and in thought, + Than in her love and life; for therein lies + Most of her duties and their dignities; + And, rail the brain-bald world at what it will, 190 + That's the grand atheism that reigns in it still. + Yet singularity she would use no more, + For she was singular too much before; + But she would please the world with fair pretext: + Love would not leave her conscience perplext: + Great men that will have less do for them, still + Must bear them out, though th' acts be ne'er so ill; + Meanness must pander be to Excellence; + Pleasure atones Falsehood and Conscience: + Dissembling was the worst, thought Hero then, 200 + And that was best, now she must live with men. + O virtuous love, that taught her to do best + When she did worst, and when she thought it least! + Thus would she still proceed in works divine, + And in her sacred state of priesthood shine, + Handling the holy rites with hands as bold, + As if therein she did Jove's thunder hold, + And need not fear those menaces of error, + Which she at others threw with greatest terror. + O lovely Hero, nothing is thy sin, 210 + Weigh'd with those foul faults other priests are in! + That having neither faiths, nor works, nor beauties, + T' engender any 'scuse for slubbered[81] duties, + With as much countenance fill their holy chairs, + And sweat denouncements 'gainst profane affairs, + As if their lives were cut out by their places, + And they the only fathers of the graces. + Now, as with settled mind she did repair + Her thoughts to sacrifice her ravished hair + And her torn robe, which on the altar lay, 220 + And only for religion's fire did stay, + She heard a thunder by the Cyclops beaten, + In such a volley as the world did threaten, + Given Venus as she parted th' airy sphere, + Descending now to chide with Hero here: + When suddenly the goddess' waggoners, + The swans and turtles that, in coupled pheres,[82] + Through all worlds' bosoms draw her influence, + Lighted in Hero's window, and from thence + To her fair shoulders flew the gentle doves,-- 230 + Graceful _Ædone_[83] that sweet pleasure loves, + And ruff-foot Chreste[84] with the tufted crown; + Both which did kiss her, though their goddess frown. + The swans did in the solid flood, her glass, + Proin[85] their fair plumes; of which the fairest was + Jove-lov'd Leucote,[86] that pure brightness is; + The other bounty-loving Dapsilis.[87] + All were in heaven, now they with Hero were: + But Venus' looks brought wrath, and urgèd fear. + Her robe was scarlet; black her head's attire: 240 + And through her naked breast shin'd streams of fire, + As when the rarifièd air is driven + In flashing streams, and opes the darken'd heaven. + In her white hand a wreath of yew she bore; + And, breaking th' icy wreath sweet Hero wore, + She forc'd about her brows her wreath of yew, + And said, "Now, minion, to thy fate be true, + Though not to me; endure what this portends: + Begin where lightness will, in shame it ends. + Love makes thee cunning; thou art current now, 250 + By being counterfeit: thy broken vow + Deceit with her pied garters must rejoin, + And with her stamp thou countenances must coin; + Coyness, and pure[88] deceits, for purities, + And still a maid wilt seem in cozen'd eyes, + And have an antic face to laugh within, + While thy smooth looks make men digest thy sin. + But since thy lips (least thought forsworn) forswore, + Be never virgin's vow worth trusting more!" + When Beauty's dearest did her goddess hear 260 + Breathe such rebukes 'gainst that she could not clear, + Dumb sorrow spake aloud in tears and blood, + That from her grief-burst veins, in piteous flood, + From the sweet conduits of her favour fell. + The gentle turtles did with moans make swell + Their shining gorges; the while black-ey'd swans + Did sing as woful epicedians, + As they would straightways die: when Pity's queen, + The goddess Ecte,[89] that had ever been + Hid in a watery cloud near Hero's cries, 270 + Since the first instant of her broken eyes, + Gave bright Leucote voice, and made her speak, + To ease her anguish, whose swoln breast did break + With anger at her goddess, that did touch + Hero so near for that she us'd so much; + And, thrusting her white neck at Venus, said: + "Why may not amorous Hero seem a maid, + Though she be none, as well as you suppress + In modest cheeks your inward wantonness? + How often have we drawn you from above, 280 + T' exchange with mortals rites for rites in love! + Why in your priest, then, call you that offence, + That shines in you, and is[90] your influence?" + With this, the Furies stopp'd Leucote's lips, + Enjoin'd by Venus; who with rosy whips + Beat the kind bird. Fierce lightning from her eyes + Did set on fire fair Hero's sacrifice, + Which was her torn robe and enforcèd hair; + And the bright flame became a maid most fair + For her aspèct: her tresses were of wire, 290 + Knit like a net, where hearts set all on fire, + Struggled in pants, and could not get releast; + Her arms were all with golden pincers drest, + And twenty-fashioned knots, pulleys, and brakes, + And all her body girt with painted snakes; + Her down-parts in a scorpion's tail combined, + Freckled with twenty colours; pied wings shined + Out of her shoulders; cloth had never dye, + Nor sweeter colours never viewèd eye, + In scorching Turkey, Cares, Tartary, 300 + Than shined about this spirit notorious; + Nor was Arachne's web so glorious. + Of lightning and of shreds she was begot; + More hold in base dissemblers is there not. + Her name was Eronusis.[91] Venus flew + From Hero's sight, and at her chariot drew + This wondrous creature to so steep a height, + That all the world she might command with sleight + Of her gay wings; and then she bade her haste,-- + Since Hero had dissembled, and disgraced 310 + Her rites so much,--and every breast infect + With her deceits: she made her architect + Of all dissimulation; and since then + Never was any trust in maids or men. + O, it spited + Fair Venus' heart to see her most delighted, + And one she choos'd, for temper of her mind + To be the only ruler of her kind, + So soon to let her virgin race be ended! + Not simply for the fault a whit offended, 320 + But that in strife for chasteness with the Moon, + Spiteful Diana bade her show but one + That was her servant vow'd, and liv'd a maid; + And, now she thought to answer that upbraid, + Hero had lost her answer: who knows not + Venus would seem as far from any spot + Of light demeanour, as the very skin + 'Twixt Cynthia's brows? sin is asham'd of sin. + Up Venus flew, and scarce durst up for fear + Of Phoebe's laughter, when she pass'd her sphere: 330 + And so most ugly-clouded was the light, + That day was hid in day; night came ere night; + And Venus could not through the thick air pierce, + Till the day's king, god of undaunted verse, + Because she was so plentiful a theme + To such as wore his laurel anademe. + Like to a fiery bullet made descent, + And from her passage those fat vapours rent, + That being not throughly rarified to rain, + Melted like pitch, as blue as any vein; 340 + And scalding tempests made the earth to shrink + Under their fervour, and the world did think + In every drop a torturing spirit flew, + It pierc'd so deeply, and it burn'd so blue. + Betwixt all this and Hero, Hero held + Leander's picture, as a Persian shield; + And she was free from fear of worst success: + The more ill threats us, we suspect the less: + As we grow hapless, violence subtle grows, + Dumb, deaf, and blind, and comes when no man knows. 350 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[70] Picture. + +[71] "This conceit was suggested to Chapman by a passage in Skelton's +_Phyllyp Sparowe_: + + "But whan I was sowing his beke, + Methought, my sparow did speke, + And opened his prety byll, + Saynge, Mayd, ye are in wyll + Agayne me for to kyll, + Ye prycke me in the head.' + +--_Works_, I, 57, ed. Dyce."--_Dyce._ + +[72] Affections. + +[73] "This description of the fisherman, as well as the picture which +follows it, are borrowed (with alterations) from the first _Idyl_ of +Theocritus."--_Dyce._ + +[74] "Eyas" is the name for an unfledged hawk. "Eyas thoughts" would +mean "thoughts not yet full-grown,--immature." Dyce thinks the meaning +of "eyas" here may be "restless." (Old eds. "yas.") + +[75] A monosyllable. + +[76] Some eds. give "them, then they burned as blood." + +[77] Approaching catastrophe. + +[78] Some eds. "and." + +[79] Used transitively. + +[80] Some eds. "Leanders." + +[81] Shakespeare uses the verb "slubber" in the sense of "perform in a +slovenly manner" (_Merchant of Venice_, ii. 8, "Slubber not business for +my sake"). + +[82] Companions, yoke-mates. + +[83] Gr. [Greek: hêdonê]. + +[84] From Lat. _crista_? + +[85] Prune. + +[86] Gr. [Greek: leukotês]. + +[87] Gr. [Greek: dapsilês]. + +[88] Some eds. read "Coyne and impure." + +[89] From Gr. [Greek: oiktos]? + +[90] Some eds. "in." + +[91] "A compound, probably, from [Greek: erôs] and [Greek: nosos] or +[Greek: nousos] _Ionice_." Ed. 1821. + + + + +THE FIFTH SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Fifth Sestiad._ + + + Day doubles his accustom'd date, + As loath the Night, incens'd by Fate, + Should wreck our lovers. Hero's plight; + Longs for Leander and the night: + Which ere her thirsty wish recovers, + She sends for two betrothèd lovers, + And marries them, that, with their crew, + Their sports, and ceremonies due, + She covertly might celebrate, + With secret joy her own estate. 10 + She makes a feast, at which appears + The wild nymph Teras, that still bears + An ivory lute, tells ominous tales, + And sings at solemn festivals. + + Now was bright Hero weary of the day, + Thought an Olympiad in Leander's stay. + Sol and the soft-foot Hours hung on his arms, + And would not let him swim, foreseeing his harms: + That day Aurora double grace obtain'd + Of her love Phoebus; she his horses reign'd, + Set[92] on his golden knee, and, as she list, + She pull'd him back; and as she pull'd she kiss'd, + To have him turn to bed: he lov'd her more, + To see the love Leander Hero bore: 10 + Examples profit much; ten times in one, + In persons full of note, good deeds are done. + Day was so long, men walking fell asleep; + The heavy humours that their eyes did steep + Made them fear mischiefs. The hard streets were beds + For covetous churls and for ambitious heads, + That, spite of Nature, would their business ply: + All thought they had the falling epilepsy, + Men grovell'd so upon the smother'd ground; + And pity did the heart of Heaven confound. 20 + The Gods, the Graces, and the Muses came + Down to the Destinies, to stay the frame + Of the true lovers' deaths, and all world's tears: + But Death before had stopp'd their cruel ears. + All the celestials parted mourning then, + Pierc'd with our human miseries more than men: + Ah, nothing doth the world with mischief fill, + But want of feeling one another's ill! + With their descent the day grew something fair, + And cast a brighter robe upon the air. 30 + Hero, to shorten time with merriment, + For young Alcmane[93] and bright Mya sent, + Two lovers that had long crav'd marriage-dues + At Hero's hands: but she did still refuse; + For lovely Mya was her consort vow'd + In her maid state, and therefore not allow'd + To amorous nuptials: yet fair Hero now + Intended to dispense with her cold vow, + Since hers was broken, and to marry her: + The rites would pleasing matter minister 40 + To her conceits, and shorten tedious day. + They came; sweet Music usher'd th' odorous way, + And wanton Air in twenty sweet forms danced + After her fingers; Beauty and Love advanced + Their ensigns in the downless rosy faces + Of youths and maids led after by the Graces. + For all these Hero made a friendly feast, + Welcom'd them kindly, did much love protest, + Winning their hearts with all the means she might. + That, when her fault should chance t' abide the light 50 + Their loves might cover or extenuate it, + And high in her worst fate make pity sit. + She married them; and in the banquet came, + Borne by the virgins. Hero striv'd to frame + Her thoughts to mirth: ay me! but hard it is + To imitate a false and forcèd bliss; + Ill may a sad mind forge a merry face, + Nor hath constrainèd laughter any grace. + Then laid she wine on cares to make them sink: + Who fears the threats of Fortune, let him drink.[94] 60 + To these quick nuptials enter'd suddenly + Admirèd Teras with the ebon thigh; + A nymph that haunted the green Sestian groves, + And would consort soft virgins in their loves, + At gaysome triumphs and on solemn days, + Singing prophetic elegies and lays, + And fingering of a silver lute she tied + With black and purple scarfs by her left side. + Apollo gave it, and her skill withal, + And she was term'd his dwarf, she was so small: 70 + Yet great in virtue, for his beams enclosed + His virtues in her; never was proposed + Riddle to her, or augury, strange or new, + But she resolv'd it; never slight tale flew + From her charm'd lips without important sense, + Shown in some grave succeeding consequence. + This little sylvan, with her songs and tales, + Gave such estate to feasts and nuptials, + That though ofttimes she forewent tragedies, + Yet for her strangeness still she pleas'd their eyes; 80 + And for her smallness they admir'd her so, + They thought her perfect born, and could not grow. + All eyes were on her. Hero did command + An altar decked with sacred state should stand + At the feast's upper end, close by the bride, + On which the pretty nymph might sit espied. + Then all were silent; every one so hears, + As all their senses climb'd into their ears: + And first this amorous tale, that fitted well + Fair Hero and the nuptials, she did tell. 90 + + +_The Tale of Teras._ + + Hymen, that now is god of nuptial rites, + And crowns with honour Love and his delights, + Of Athens was a youth, so sweet of face, + That many thought him of the female race; + Such quickening brightness did his clear eyes dart, + Warm went their beams to his beholder's heart, + In such pure leagues his beauties were combin'd, + That there your nuptial contracts first were signed; + For as proportion, white and crimson, meet + In beauty's mixture, all right clear and sweet, 100 + The eye responsible, the golden hair, + And none is held, without the other, fair; + All spring together, all together fade; + Such intermix'd affections should invade + Two perfect lovers; which being yet unseen, + Their virtues and their comforts copied been + In beauty's concord, subject to the eye; + And that, in Hymen, pleased so matchlessly, + That lovers were esteemed in their full grace, + Like form and colour mixed in Hymen's face; 110 + And such sweet concord was thought worthy then + Of torches, music, feasts, and greatest men: + So Hymen look'd that even the chastest mind + He mov'd to join in joys of sacred kind; + For only now his chin's first down consorted + His head's rich fleece in golden curls contorted; + And as he was so loved, he loved so too: + So should best beauties bound by nuptials, do. + Bright Eucharis, who was by all men said + The noblest, fairest, and the richest maid 120 + Of all th' Athenian damsels, Hymen lov'd + With such transmission, that his heart remov'd + From his white breast to hers: but her estate, + In passing his, was so interminate + For wealth and honour, that his love durst feed + On naught but sight and hearing, nor could breed + Hope of requital, the grand prize of love; + Nor could he hear or see, but he must prove + How his rare beauty's music would agree + With maids in consort; therefore robbèd he 130 + His chin of those same few first fruits it bore, + And, clad in such attire as virgins wore, + He kept them company, and might right well, + For he did all but Eucharis excel + In all the fair of beauty! yet he wanted + Virtue to make his own desires implanted + In his dear Eucharis; for women never + Love beauty in their sex, but envy ever. + His judgment yet, that durst not suit address, + Nor, past due means, presume of due success, 140 + Reason gat Fortune in the end to speed + To his best prayers[95]: but strange it seemed, indeed, + That Fortune should a chaste affection bless: + Preferment seldom graceth bashfulness. + Nor grac'd it Hymen yet; but many a dart, + And many an amorous thought, enthralled[96] his heart, + Ere he obtained her; and he sick became, + Forced to abstain her sight; and then the flame + Raged in his bosom. O, what grief did fill him! + Sight made him sick, and want of sight did kill him. 150 + The virgins wonder'd where Diætia stay'd, + For so did Hymen term himself, a maid. + At length with sickly looks he greeted them: + Tis strange to see 'gainst what an extreme stream + A lover strives; poor Hymen look'd so ill, + That as in merit he increasèd still + By suffering much, so he in grace decreas'd: + Women are most won, when men merit least: + If Merit look not well, Love bids stand by; + Love's special lesson is to please the eye. 160 + And Hymen soon recovering all he lost, + Deceiving still these maids, but himself most, + His love and he with many virgin dames, + Noble by birth, noble by beauty's flames, + Leaving the town with songs and hallow'd lights + To do great Ceres Eleusina rites + Of zealous sacrifice, were made a prey + To barbarous rovers, that in ambush lay, + And with rude hands enforc'd their shining spoil, + Far from the darkened city, tired with toil: 170 + And when the yellow issue of the sky + Came trooping forth, jealous of cruelty + To their bright fellows of this under-heaven, + Into a double night they saw them driven,-- + A horrid cave, the thieves' black mansion; + Where, weary of the journey they had gone, + Their last night's watch, and drunk with their sweet gains, + Dull Morpheus enter'd, laden with silken chains, + Stronger than iron, and bound the swelling veins + And tirèd senses of these lawless swains. 180 + But when the virgin lights thus dimly burn'd, + O, what a hell was heaven in! how they mourn'd + And wrung their hands, and wound their gentle forms + Into the shapes of sorrow! golden storms + Fell from their eyes; as when the sun appears, + And yet it rains, so show'd their eyes their tears: + And, as when funeral dames watch a dead corse, + Weeping about it, telling with remorse + What pains he felt, how long in pain he lay, + How little food he ate, what he would say; 190 + And then mix mournful tales of other's deaths, + Smothering themselves in clouds of their own breaths; + At length, one cheering other, call for wine; + The golden bowl drinks tears out of their eyne, + As they drink wine from it; and round it goes, + Each helping other to relieve their woes; + So cast these virgins' beauties mutual rays, + One lights another, face the face displays; + Lips by reflection kissed, and hands hands shook, + Even by the whiteness each of other took. 200 + But Hymen now used friendly Morpheus' aid, + Slew every thief, and rescued every maid: + And now did his enamour'd passion take + Heart from his hearty deed, whose worth did make + His hope of bounteous Eucharis more strong; + And now came Love with Proteus, who had long + Juggled the little god with prayers and gifts, + Ran through all shapes and varied all his shifts, + To win Love's stay with him, and make him love him. + And when he saw no strength of sleight could move him, + To make him love or stay, he nimbly turned 211 + Into Love's self, he so extremely burned. + And thus came Love, with Proteus and his power, + T' encounter Eucharis: first, like the flower + That Juno's milk did spring,[97] the silver lily, + He fell on Hymen's hand, who straight did spy + The bounteous godhead, and with wondrous joy + Offer'd it Eucharis. She, wonderous coy, + Drew back her hand: the subtle flower did woo it, + And, drawing it near, mixed so you could not know it: 220 + As two clear tapers mix in one their light, + So did the lily and the hand their white. + She viewed it; and her view the form bestows + Amongst her spirits; for, as colour flows + From superficies of each thing we see, + Even so with colours forms emitted be; + And where Love's form is, Love is; Love is form: + He entered at the eye; his sacred storm + Rose from the hand, Love's sweetest instrument: + It stirred her blood's sea so, that high it went, 230 + And beat in bashful waves 'gainst the white shore + Of her divided cheeks; it raged the more, + Because the tide went 'gainst the haughty wind + Of her estate and birth: and, as we find, + In fainting ebbs, the flowery Zephyr hurls + The green-haired Hellespont, broke in silver curls, + 'Gainst Hero's tower; but in his blast's retreat, + The waves obeying him, they after beat, + Leaving the chalky shore a great way pale, + Then moist it freshly with another gale; 240 + So ebbed and flowed the blood[98] in Eucharis' face, + Coyness and Love strived which had greatest grace; + Virginity did fight on Coyness' side, + Fear of her parent's frowns and female pride + Loathing the lower place, more than it loves + The high contents desert and virtue moves. + With Love fought Hymen's beauty and his valure,[99] + Which scarce could so much favour yet allure + To come to strike, but fameless idle stood: + Action is fiery valour's sovereign good. 250 + But Love, once entered, wished no greater aid + Than he could find within; thought thought betray'd; + The bribed, but incorrupted, garrison + Sung "Io Hymen;" there those songs begun, + And Love was grown so rich with such a gain, + And wanton with the ease of his free reign, + That he would turn into her roughest frowns + To turn them out; and thus he Hymen crowns + King of his thoughts, man's greatest empery: + This was his first brave step to deity. 260 + Home to the mourning city they repair, + With news as wholesome as the morning air, + To the sad parents of each savèd maid: + But Hymen and his Eucharis had laid + This plat[100] to make the flame of their delight + Round as the moon at full, and full as bright. + Because the parents of chaste Eucharis + Exceeding Hymen's so, might cross their bliss; + And as the world rewards deserts, that law + Cannot assist with force; so when they saw 270 + Their daughter safe, take vantage of their own, + Praise Hymen's valour much, nothing bestown; + Hymen must leave the virgins in a grove + Far off from Athens, and go first to prove, + If to restore them all with fame and life, + He should enjoy his dearest as his wife. + This told to all the maids, the most agree: + The riper sort, knowing what 'tis to be + The first mouth of a news so far derived, + And that to hear and bear news brave folks lived. 280 + As being a carriage special hard to bear + Occurrents, these occurrents being so dear, + They did with grace protest, they were content + T' accost their friends with all their compliment, + For Hymen's good; but to incur their harm, + There he must pardon them. This wit went warm + To Adolesche's[101] brain, a nymph born high, + Made all of voice and fire, that upwards fly: + Her heart and all her forces' nether train + Climb'd to her tongue, and thither fell her brain, 290 + Since it could go no higher; and it must go; + All powers she had, even her tongue, did so: + In spirit and quickness she much joy did take, + And loved her tongue, only for quickness' sake; + And she would haste and tell. The rest all stay: + Hymen goes one, the nymph another way; + And what became of her I'll tell at last: + Yet take her visage now;--moist-lipped, long-faced, + Thin like an iron wedge, so sharp and tart, + As 'twere of purpose made to cleave Love's heart: 300 + Well were this lovely beauty rid of her. + And Hymen did at Athens now prefer + His welcome suit, which he with joy aspired: + A hundred princely youths with him retired + To fetch the nymphs; chariots and music went; + And home they came: heaven with applauses rent. + The nuptials straight proceed, whiles all the town, + Fresh in their joys, might do them most renown. + First, gold-locked Hymen did to church repair, + Like a quick offering burned in flames of hair; 310 + And after, with a virgin firmament + The godhead-proving bride attended went + Before them all: she looked in her command, + As if form-giving Cypria's silver hand + Gripped all their beauties, and crushed out one flame; + She blushed to see how beauty overcame + The thoughts of all men. Next, before her went + Five lovely children, decked with ornament + Of her sweet colours, bearing torches by; + For light was held a happy augury 320 + Of generation, whose efficient right + Is nothing else but to produce to light. + The odd disparent number they did choose, + To show the union married loves should use, + Since in two equal parts it will not sever, + But the midst holds one to rejoin it ever, + As common to both parts: men therefore deem + That equal number gods do not esteem, + Being authors of sweet peace and unity, + But pleasing to th' infernal empery, 330 + Under whose ensigns Wars and Discords fight, + Since an even number you may disunite + In two parts equal, naught in middle left + To reunite each part from other reft; + And five they hold in most especial prize,[102] + Since 'tis the first odd number that doth rise + From the two foremost numbers' unity, + That odd and even are; which are two and three; + For one no number is; but thence doth flow + The powerful race of number. Next, did go 340 + A noble matron, that did spinning bear + A huswife's rock and spindle, and did wear + A wether's skin, with all the snowy fleece, + To intimate that even the daintiest piece + And noblest-born dame should industrious be: + That which does good disgraceth no degree. + And now to Juno's temple they are come, + Where her grave priest stood in the marriage-room: + On his right arm did hang a scarlet veil, + And from his shoulders to the ground did trail, 350 + On either side, ribands of white and blue: + With the red veil he hid the bashful hue + Of the chaste bride, to show the modest shame, + In coupling with a man, should grace a dame. + Then took he the disparent silks, and tied + The lovers by the waists, and side to side, + In token that thereafter they must bind + In one self-sacred knot each other's mind. + Before them on an altar he presented + Both fire and water, which was first invented, 360 + Since to ingenerate every human creature + And every other birth produc'd by Nature, + Moisture and heat must mix; so man and wife + For human race must join in nuptial life. + Then one of Juno's birds, the painted jay, + He sacrific'd and took the gall away; + All which he did behind the altar throw, + In sign no bitterness of hate should grow, + 'Twixt married loves, nor any least disdain. + Nothing they spake, for 'twas esteem'd too plain 370 + For the most silken mildness of a maid, + To let a public audience hear it said, + She boldly took the man; and so respected + Was bashfulness in Athens, it erected + To chaste Agneia,[103] which is Shamefacedness, + A sacred temple, holding her a goddess. + And now to feasts, masks, and triumphant shows, + The shining troops returned, even till earth-throes + Brought forth with joy the thickest part of night, + When the sweet nuptial song, that used to cite 380 + All to their rest, was by Phemonöe[104] sung, + First Delphian prophetess, whose graces sprung + Out of the Muses' well: she sung before + The bride into her chamber; at which door + A matron and a torch-bearer did stand: + A painted box of confits[105] in her hand + The matron held, and so did other some[106] + That compassed round the honour'd nuptial room. + The custom was, that every maid did wear, + During her maidenhead, a silken sphere 390 + About her waist, above her inmost weed, + Knit with Minerva's knot, and that was freed + By the fair bridegroom on the marriage-night, + With many ceremonies of delight: + And yet eternized Hymen's tender bride, + To suffer it dissolved so, sweetly cried. + The maids that heard, so loved and did adore her, + They wished with all their hearts to suffer for her. + So had the matrons, that with confits stood + About the chamber, such affectionate blood, 400 + And so true feeling of her harmless pains, + That every one a shower of confits rains; + For which the bride-youths scrambling on the ground, + In noise of that sweet hail her[107] cries were drown'd. + And thus blest Hymen joyed his gracious bride, + And for his joy was after deified. + The saffron mirror by which Phoebus' love, + Green Tellus, decks her, now he held above + The cloudy mountains: and the noble maid, + Sharp-visaged Adolesche, that was stray'd 410 + Out of her way, in hasting with her news, + Not till this[108] hour th' Athenian turrets views; + And now brought home by guides, she heard by all, + That her long kept occurrents would be stale, + And how fair Hymen's honours did excel + For those rare news which she came short to tell. + To hear her dear tongue robbed of such a joy, + Made the well-spoken nymph take such a toy,[109] + That down she sunk: when lightning from above + Shrunk her lean body, and, for mere free love, 420 + Turn'd her into the pied-plum'd Psittacus, + That now the Parrot is surnam'd by us, + Who still with counterfeit confusion prates + Naught but news common to the common'st mates.-- + This told, strange Teras touch'd her lute, and sung + This ditty, that the torchy evening sprung. + + +_Epithalamion Teratos._ + + Come, come, dear Night! Love's mart of kisses, + Sweet close to his ambitious line, + The fruitful summer of his blisses! + Love's glory doth in darkness shine. 430 + O come, soft rest of cares! come, Night! + Come, naked Virtue's only tire, + The reapèd harvest of the light, + Bound up in sheaves of sacred fire! + Love calls to war; + Sighs his alarms, + Lips his swords are, + The field his arms. + + Come, Night, and lay thy velvet hand + On glorious Day's outfacing face; 440 + And all thy crownèd flames command, + For torches to our nuptial grace! + Love calls to war; + Sighs his alarms, + Lips his swords are, + The field his arms. + + No need have we of factious Day, + To cast, in envy of thy peace, + Her balls of discord in thy way: + Here Beauty's day doth never cease; 450 + Day is abstracted here, + And varied in a triple sphere. + Hero, Alcmane, Mya, so outshine thee, + Ere thou come here, let Thetis thrice refine thee. + Love calls to war; + Sighs his alarms, + Lips his swords are, + The field his arms. + + The evening star I see: + Rise, youths! the evening star 460 + Helps Love to summon war; + Both now embracing be. + Rise, youths! Love's rite claims more than banquets; rise! + Now the bright marigolds, that deck the skies, + Phoebus' celestial flowers, that, contrary + To his flowers here, ope when he shuts his eye, + And shuts when he doth open, crown your sports: + Now Love in Night, and Night in Love exhorts + Courtship and dances: all your parts employ, + And suit Night's rich expansure with your joy. 470 + Love paints his longings in sweet virgins' eyes: + Rise, youths! Love's rite claims more than banquets; rise! + + Rise, virgins! let fair nuptial loves enfold + Your fruitless breasts: the maidenheads[110] ye hold + Are not your own alone, but parted are; + Part in disposing them your parents share, + And that a third part is; so must ye save + Your loves a third, and you your thirds must have. + Love paints his longings in sweet virgins' eyes: + Rise, youths! Love's rite claims more than banquets; rise! 480 + + Herewith the amorous spirit, that was so kind + To Teras' hair, and comb'd it down with wind, + Still as it, comet-like, brake from her brain, + Would needs have Teras gone, and did refrain + To blow it down: which, staring[111] up, dismay'd + The timorous feast; and she no longer stay'd; + But, bowing to the bridegroom and the bride, + Did, like a shooting exhalation, glide + Out of their sights: the turning of her back + Made them all shriek, it look'd so ghastly black. 490 + O hapless Hero! that most hapless cloud + Thy soon-succeeding tragedy foreshow'd. + Thus all the nuptial crew to joys depart; + But much-wronged[112] Hero stood Hell's blackest dart: + Whose wound because I grieve so to display, + I use digressions thus t' increase the day. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[92] Some modern editors read "sat." + +[93] Singer suggested "Alcmaeon." + +[94] "Chapman has a passage very similar to this in his _Widow's Tears_, +Act iv.:-- + + 'Wine is ordained to raise such hearts as sink: + Whom woful stars distemper let him drink.'" + +--_Broughton._ + +[95] "Old eds. 'prayes,' 'praies,' 'preies,' and 'pryes.'"--_Dyce._ + +[96] Dyce reads "enthrill'd" (a word that I do not remember to have +seen). + +[97] Did make to spring. Cf. Fourth Sestiad, l. 169. + +[98] So the Isham copy. All other editions omit the words "the blood." + +[99] "Valure" is frequently found as a form of "value;" but I suspect, +with Dyce, that it is here put (_metri causa_) for "valour." + +[100] Plot. + +[101] Gr. [Greek: adoleschês]. + +[102] Some eds. "price." + +[103] Gr. [Greek: hagneia] + +[104] Singer gives a reference to Pausan, x. 5.--Old eds. "Phemonor" and +"Phemoner." + +[105] Comfits. + +[106] "Other some" is a not uncommon form of expression. See Halliwell's +_Dict. of Archaic and Provincial Words_. + +[107] Old eds. "their." + +[108] Old eds. "his." + +[109] A sudden pettishness or freak of fancy. Cf. _Two Noble Kinsmen_:-- + + "The hot horse hot as fire + _Took toy_ at this." + +[110] Former editors have not noticed that Chapman is here closely +imitating Catullus' _Carmen Nuptiale_-- + + "Virginitas non tota tua est: ex parte parentum est: + Tertia pars patri data, pars data tertia matri, + Tertia sola tua est: noli pugnare duobus, + Qui genero sua jura simul cum dote dederunt." + +[111] Some eds. "starting." Cf. _Julius Cæsar_, iv. 3, ll. 278-9-- + + "Art thou some god, some angel, or some devil, + That makest my blood cold and my hair to _stare_?" + +[112] "Old eds. 'much-rong,' 'much rongd,' and 'much-wrong'd.'"--_Dyce_ +(who reads "much-wrung"). + + + + +THE SIXTH SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Sixth Sestiad._ + + + Leucote flies to all the Winds, + And from the Fates their outrage blinds,[113] + That Hero and her love may meet. + Leander, with Love's complete fleet + Manned in himself, puts forth to seas; + When straight the ruthless Destinies, + With, Até, stir the winds to war + Upon the Hellespont: their jar + Drowns poor Leander. Hero's eyes, + Wet witnesses of his surprise, 10 + Her torch blown out, grief casts her down + Upon her love, and both doth drown: + In whose just ruth the god of seas + Transforms them to th' Acanthides. + + No longer could the Day nor Destinies + Delay the Night, who now did frowning rise + Into her throne; and at her humorous breasts + Visions and Dreams lay sucking: all men's rests + Fell like the mists of death upon their eyes, + Day's too-long darts so kill'd their faculties. + The Winds yet, like the flowers, to cease began; + For bright Leucote, Venus' whitest swan, + That held sweet Hero dear, spread her fair wings, + Like to a field of snow, and message brings 10 + From Venus to the Fates, t'entreat them lay + Their charge upon the Winds their rage to stay, + That the stern battle of the seas might cease, + And guard Leander to his love in peace. + The Fates consent;--ay me, dissembling Fates! + They showed their favours to conceal their hates, + And draw Leander on, lest seas too high + Should stay his too obsequious destiny: + Who[114] like a fleering slavish parasite, + In warping profit or a traitorous sleight, 20 + Hoops round his rotten body with devotes, + And pricks his descant face full of false notes; + Praising with open throat, and oaths as foul + As his false heart, the beauty of an owl; + Kissing his skipping hand with charmèd skips, + That cannot leave, but leaps upon his lips + Like a cock-sparrow, or a shameless quean + Sharp at a red-lipp'd youth, and naught doth mean + Of all his antic shows, but doth repair + More tender fawns,[115] and takes a scatter'd hair 30 + From his tame subject's shoulder; whips and calls + For everything he lacks; creeps 'gainst the walls + With backward humbless, to give needless way: + Thus his false fate did with Leander play. + First to black Eurus flies the white Leucote + (Born 'mongst the negroes in the Levant sea, + On whose curl'd head[s] the glowing sun doth rise), + And shows the sovereign will of Destinies, + To have him cease his blasts; and down he lies. + Next, to the fenny Notus course she holds, 40 + And found him leaning, with his arms in folds, + Upon a rock, his white hair full of showers; + And him she chargeth by the fatal powers, + To hold in his wet cheeks his cloudy voice. + To Zephyr then that doth in flowers rejoice: + To snake-foot Boreas next she did remove, + And found him tossing of his ravished love,[116] + To heat his frosty bosom hid in snow; + Who with Leucote's sight did cease to blow. + Thus all were still to Hero's heart's desire; 50 + Who with all speed did consecrate a fire + Of flaming gums and comfortable spice, + To light her torch, which in such curious price + She held, being object to Leander's sight, + That naught but fires perfumed must give it light. + She loved it so, she griev'd to see it burn, + Since it would waste, and soon to ashes turn: + Yet, if it burned not, 'twere not worth her eyes; + What made it nothing, gave it all the prize. + Sweet torch, true glass of our society! 60 + What man does good, but he consumes thereby? + But thou wert loved for good, held high, given show; + Poor virtue loathed for good, obscured, held low: + Do good, be pined,--be deedless good, disgraced; + Unless we feed on men, we let them fast. + Yet Hero with these thoughts her torch did spend: + When bees make wax, Nature doth not intend + It should be made a torch; but we, that know + The proper virtue of it, make it so, + And, when 'tis made, we light it: nor did Nature 70 + Propose one life to maids; but each such creature + Makes by her soul the best of her free[117] state, + Which without love is rude, disconsolate, + And wants love's fire to make it mild and bright, + Till when, maids are but torches wanting light. + Thus 'gainst our grief, not cause of grief, we fight: + The right of naught is glean'd, but the delight. + Up went she: but to tell how she descended, + Would God she were dead, or my verse ended! + She was the rule of wishes, sum, and end, 80 + For all the parts that did on love depend: + Yet cast the torch his brightness further forth; + But what shines nearest best, holds truest worth. + Leander did not through such tempests swim + To kiss the torch, although it lighted him: + But all his powers in her desires awakèd, + Her love and virtues clothed him richly naked. + Men kiss but fire that only shows pursue; + Her torch and Hero, figure show and virtue. + Now at opposed Abydos naught was heard 90 + But bleating flocks, and many a bellowing herd, + Slain for the nuptials; cracks of falling woods; + Blows of broad axes; pourings out of floods. + The guilty Hellespont was mix'd and stained + With bloody torrents[118] that the shambles rained; + Not arguments of feast, but shows that bled, + Foretelling that red night that followèd. + More blood was spilt, more honours were addrest, + Than could have gracèd any happy feast; + Rich banquets, triumphs, every pomp employs 100 + His sumptuous hand; no miser's nuptial joys. + Air felt continual thunder with the noise + Made in the general marriage-violence; + And no man knew the cause of this expense, + But the two hapless lords, Leander's sire, + And poor Leander, poorest where the fire + Of credulous love made him most rich surmis'd: + As short was he of that himself[119] he prized, + As is an empty gallant full of form, + That thinks each look an act, each drop a storm, 110 + That falls from his brave breathings; most brought up + In our metropolis, and hath his cup + Brought after him to feasts; and much palm bears + For his rare judgment in th' attire he wears; + Hath seen the hot Low-Countries, not their heat, + Observes their rampires and their buildings yet; + And, for your sweet discourse with mouths, is heard + Giving instructions with his very beard; + Hath gone with an ambassador, and been + A great man's mate in travelling, even to Rhene; 120 + And then puts all his worth in such a face + As he saw brave men make, and strives for grace + To get his news forth: as when you descry + A ship, with all her sail contends to fly + Out of the narrow Thames with winds unapt, + Now crosseth here, then there, then this way rapt, + And then hath one point reach'd, then alters all, + And to another crookèd reach doth fall + Of half a bird-bolt's[120] shoot, keeping more coil + Than if she danc'd upon the ocean's toil; 130 + So serious is his trifling company, + In all his swelling ship of vacantry + And so short of himself in his high thought + Was our Leander in his fortunes brought, + And in his fort of love that he thought won; + But otherwise he scorns comparison. + O sweet Leander, thy large worth I hide + In a short grave! ill-favour'd storms must chide + Thy sacred favour;[121] I in floods of ink + Must drown thy graces, which white papers drink, 140 + Even as thy beauties did the foul black seas; + I must describe the hell of thy decease, + That heaven did merit: yet I needs must see + Our painted fools and cockhorse peasantry + Still, still usurp, with long lives, loves, and lust, + The seats of Virtue, cutting short as dust + Her dear-bought issue: ill to worse converts, + And tramples in the blood of all deserts. + Night close and silent now goes fast before + The captains and the soldiers to the shore, 150 + On whom attended the appointed fleet + At Sestos' bay, that should Leander meet, + Who feigned he in another ship would pass: + Which must not be, for no one mean there was + To get his love home, but the course he took. + Forth did his beauty for his beauty look, + And saw her through her torch, as you behold + Sometimes within the sun a face of gold, + Formed in strong thoughts, by that tradition's force + That says a god sits there and guides his course. 160 + His sister was with him; to whom he show'd + His guide by sea, and said, "Oft have you view'd + In one heaven many stars, but never yet + In one star many heavens till now were met. + See, lovely sister! see, now Hero shines, + No heaven but her appears; each star repines, + And all are clad in clouds, as if they mourned + To be by influence of earth out-burned. + Yet doth she shine, and teacheth Virtue's train + Still to be constant in hell's blackest reign, 170 + Though even the gods themselves do so entreat them + As they did hate, and earth as she would eat them." + Off went his silken robe, and in he leapt, + Whom the kind waves so licorously cleapt,[122] + Thickening for haste, one in another, so, + To kiss his skin, that he might almost go + To Hero's tower, had that kind minute lasted. + But now the cruel Fates with Até hasted + To all the winds, and made them battle fight + Upon the Hellespont, for either's right 180 + Pretended to the windy monarchy; + And forth they brake, the seas mixed with the sky, + And tossed distressed Leander, being in hell, + As high as heaven: bliss not in height doth dwell. + The Destinies sate dancing on the waves, + To see the glorious Winds with mutual braves + Consume each other: O, true glass, to see + How ruinous ambitious statists be + To their own glories! Poor Leander cried + For help to sea-born Venus she denied; 190 + To Boreas, that, for his Atthæa's[123] sake + He would some pity on his Hero take, + And for his own love's sake, on his desires; + But Glory never blows cold Pity's fires. + Then call'd he Neptune, who, through all the noise, + Knew with affright his wreck'd Leander's voice, + And up he rose; for haste his forehead hit + 'Gainst heaven's hard crystal; his proud waves he smit + With his forked sceptre, that could not obey; + Much greater powers than Neptune's gave them sway. 200 + They loved Leander so, in groans they brake + When they came near him; and such space did take + 'Twixt one another, loath to issue on, + That in their shallow furrows earth was shown, + And the poor lover took a little breath: + But the curst Fates sate spinning of his death + On every wave, and with the servile Winds + Tumbled them on him. And now Hero finds, + By that she felt, her dear Leander's state: + She wept, and prayed for him to every Fate; 210 + And every Wind that whipped her with her hair + About the face, she kissed and spake it fair, + Kneeled to it, gave it drink out of her eyes + To quench his thirst: but still their cruelties + Even her poor torch envied, and rudely beat + The baiting[124] flame from that dear food it eat; + Dear, for it nourish'd her Leander's life; + Which with her robe she rescued from their strife; + But silk too soft was such hard hearts to break; + And she, dear soul, even as her silk, faint, weak, 220 + Could not preserve it; out, O, out it went! + Leander still call'd Neptune, that now rent + His brackish curls, and tore his wrinkled face, + Where tears in billows did each other chase; + And, burst with ruth, he hurl'd his marble mace + At the stern Fates: it wounded Lachesis + That drew Leander's thread, and could not miss + The thread itself, as it her hand did hit, + But smote it full, and quite did sunder it. + The more kind Neptune raged, the more he razed 230 + His love's life's fort, and kill'd as he embraced: + Anger doth still his own mishap increase; + If any comfort live, it is in peace. + O thievish Fates, to let blood, flesh, and sense, + Build two fair temples for their excellence, + To robe it with a poisoned influence! + Though souls' gifts starve, the bodies are held dear + In ugliest things; sense-sport preserves a bear: + But here naught serves our turns: O heaven and earth, + How most-most wretched is our human birth! 240 + And now did all the tyrannous crew depart, + Knowing there was a storm in Hero's heart, + Greater than they could make, and scorn'd their smart. + She bow'd herself so low out of her tower, + That wonder 'twas she fell not ere her hour, + With searching the lamenting waves for him: + Like a poor snail, her gentle supple limb + Hung on her turret's top, so most downright, + As she would dive beneath the darkness quite, + To find her jewel;--jewel!--her Leander, 250 + A name of all earth's jewels pleas'd not her + Like his dear name: "Leander, still my choice, + Come naught but my Leander! O my voice, + Turn to Leander! henceforth be all sounds, + Accents and phrases, that show all griefs' wounds, + Analyzed in Leander! O black change! + Trumpets, do you, with thunder of your clange, + Drive out this change's horror! My voice faints: + Where all joy was, now shriek out all complaints!" + Thus cried she; for her mixèd soul could tell 260 + Her love was dead: and when the Morning fell + Prostrate upon the weeping earth for woe, + Blushes, that bled out of her cheeks, did show + Leander brought by Neptune, bruis'd and torn + With cities' ruins he to rocks had worn, + To filthy usuring rocks, that would have blood, + Though they could get of him no other good. + She saw him, and the sight was much-much more + Than might have serv'd to kill her: should her store + Of giant sorrows speak?--Burst,--die,--bleed, 270 + And leave poor plaints to us that shall succeed. + She fell on her love's bosom, hugged it fast, + And with Leander's name she breathed her last. + Neptune for pity in his arms did take them, + Flung them into the air, and did awake them + Like two sweet birds, surnam'd th' Acanthides, + Which we call Thistle-warps, that near no seas + Dare ever come, but still in couples fly, + And feed on thistle-tops, to testify + The hardness of their first life in their last; 280 + The first, in thorns of love, that sorrows past: + And so most beautiful their colours show, + As none (so little) like them; her sad brow + A sable velvet feather covers quite, + Even like the forehead-cloth that, in the night, + Or when they sorrow, ladies use[125] to wear: + Their wings, blue, red, and yellow, mixed appear: + Colours that, as we construe colours, paint + Their states to life;--the yellow shows their saint, + The dainty[126] Venus, left them; blue their truth; 290 + The red and black, ensigns of death and ruth. + And this true honour from their love-death sprung,-- + They were the first that ever poet sung.[127] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[113] It should be _binds_: _i.e._, "Leucote flies to the several winds, +and, commissioned by the Fates, commands them to restrain their +violence." _Broughton._ + +[114] The next few lines are in Chapman's obscurest manner. "Devotes," +in l. 21, means, I suppose, "tokens of devotion to his patron." + +[115] Cunningham says, "I cannot perceive the meaning of 'doth repair +more tender fawns.'" "Fawns" is equivalent to "fawnings;" and the +meaning seems to be, "applies himself to softer blandishments." + +[116] Orithyia.--The story of the rape of Orithyia is told in a +magnificent passage of Mr. Swinburne's _Erectheus_. + +[117] So the Isham copy. Later eds. "true." + +[118] So the Isham copy. Later eds. "torrent." + +[119] Some eds. "himselfe surpris'd." Dyce gives "himself so priz'd." + +[120] A short arrow blunted at the end; it killed birds without piercing +them. + +[121] Countenance. + +[122] Clipt, embraced. + +[123] From Gr. [Greek: Atthis] (a woman of Attica, _i.e._, Orithyia). + +[124] "The flame taking _bait_ (refreshment), feeding." Dyce. (Old eds. +"bating.") + +[125] Old eds. "vsde." + +[126] Isham copy "deuil." + +[127] In Chapman's day the work of the grammarian Musaeus was supposed +to be the genuine production of the fabulous son of Eumolpus. + + + + +OVID'S ELEGIES. + + + + +All the old editions of Marlowe's translation of the _Amores_ are +undated, and bear the imprint Middleburgh (in various spellings). It is +probable that the copy which Mr. Charles Edmonds discovered at Lamport +Hall, Northamptonshire (the seat of Sir Charles Isham, Bart.), is the +earliest of extant editions. The title-page of this edition +is--_Epigrammes and Elegies By I. D. and C. M. At Middleborugh_ 12mo. +After the title-page come the _Epigrammata_, which are signed at the end +"I. D." (the initials of Sir John Davies). Following the _Epigrammata_ +is a copy of verses headed _Ignoto_, and then comes a second +title-page--_Certaine of Ovid's Elegies. By C. Marlowe. At +Middleborough_. In his preface to a facsimile reprint of the little +volume, Mr. Edmonds states his conviction that this edition, +notwithstanding the imprint Middleborough, was issued at London from the +press of W. Jaggard, who in 1599 printed the _Passionate Pilgrime_. He +grounds his opinion not only on the character of the type and of the +misprints, but on the fact that there would be no need for the book to +be printed abroad in the first instance. It was not (he thinks) until +after June 1599--when (with other books) it was condemned by Archbishop +Whitgift to be burnt--that recourse was had to the expedient of +reprinting it at Middleburgh. In the notes I refer to this edition as +Isham copy. + +The next edition, which has the same title-pages as the Isham +copy--_Epigrammes and Elegies by I. D. and C. M. at Middleborugh_, +12mo--was certainly, to judge from its general appearance, printed +abroad, and by foreigners. The text agrees in the main with that of the +Isham copy, but the corruptions are more numerous. I have followed Dyce +in referring to this edition as Ed. A. + +The Isham copy and Ed. A contain only a portion of the Elegies. The +complete translation appeared in _All Ovid's Elegies: 3 Bookes. By C. M. +Epigrams by I. D. At Middleborugh_, 12mo. (Ed. B); and in another +edition with the same title-page (Ed. C). The readings of Ed. C. I have +occasionally borrowed from Dyce. It is supposed that the book "continued +to be printed with Middleburgh on the title, and without date, as late +as 1640" (Hazlitt). + + + + +OVID'S ELEGIES. + +P. OVIDII NASONIS AMORUM. + +LIBER PRIMUS. + + + + +ELEGIA I. + +Quemadmodum a Cupidine, pro bellis amoris scribere coactus sit. + + + _We which were Ovid's five books, now are three, + For these before the rest preferreth he: + If reading five thou plain'st of tediousness, + Two ta'en away, thy[128] labour will be less;_ + + With Muse prepared,[129] I meant to sing of arms, + Choosing a subject fit for fierce alarms: + Both verses were alike till Love (men say) + Began to smile and took one foot away. + Rash boy, who gave thee power to change a line? + We are the Muses' prophets, none of thine. + What, if thy mother take Diana's[130] bow, + Shall Dian fan when love begins to glow? + In woody groves is't meet that Ceres reign, + And quiver-bearing Dian till the plain? 10 + Who'll set the fair-tressed Sun in battle-ray + While Mars doth take the Aonian harp to play? + Great are thy kingdoms, over-strong and large, + Ambitious imp, why seek'st thou further charge? + Are all things thine? the Muses' Tempe thine? + Then scarce can Phoebus say, "This harp is mine." + When[131] in this work's first verse I trod aloft, + Love slaked my muse, and made my numbers soft: + I have no mistress nor no favourite, + Being fittest matter for a wanton wit. 20 + Thus I complained, but Love unlocked his quiver, + Took out the shaft, ordained my heart to shiver, + And bent his sinewy bow upon his knee, + Saying, "Poet, here's a work beseeming thee." + O, woe is me! he never shoots but hits, + I burn, love in my idle bosom sits: + Let my first verse be six, my last five feet: + Farewell stern war, for blunter poets meet! + Elegian muse, that warblest amorous lays, + Girt my shine[132] brow with seabank myrtle sprays.[133] 30 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[128] So the Isham copy. Ed. A. "the." + +[129] Isham copy and ed. A. "vpreard, I meane." + +[130] The original has-- + + "Quid? si præripiat flavæ Venus arma _Minervæ_ + Ventilet accensas flavæ _Minerva_ comas." + +[131] + + "Cum bene surrexit versu nova pagina, primo! + At tenuat nervos proximus ille meos." + +[132] Sheen. + +[133] Dyce's correction for "praise" of the old eds. + + + + +ELEGIA II. + +Quod primo amore correptus, in triumphum duci se a Cupidine patiatur. + + + What makes my bed seem hard seeing it is soft? + Or why slips down the coverlet so oft? + Although the nights be long I sleep not tho[134] + My sides are sore with tumbling to and fro. + Were love the cause it's like I should descry him, + Or lies he close and shoots where none can spy him? + 'Twas so; he strook me with a slender dart; + 'Tis cruel Love turmoils my captive heart. + Yielding or striving[135] do we give him might, + Let's yield, a burden easily borne is light. 10 + I saw a brandished fire increase in strength, + Which being not shak'd, I saw it die at length. + Young oxen newly yoked are beaten more, + Than oxen which have drawn the plough before: + And rough jades' mouths with stubborn bits are torn, + But managed horses' heads are lightly borne.[136] + Unwilling lovers, love doth more torment, + Than such as in their bondage feel content. + Lo! I confess, I am thy captive I, + And hold my conquered hands for thee to tie. 20 + What need'st thou war? I sue to thee for grace: + With arms to conquer armless men is base. + Yoke Venus' Doves, put myrtle on thy hair, + Vulcan will give thee chariots rich and fair: + The people thee applauding, thou shalt stand, + Guiding the harmless pigeons with thy hand. + Young men and women shalt thou lead as thrall, + So will thy triumph seem magnifical; + I, lately caught, will have a new-made wound, + And captive-like be manacled and bound: 30 + Good meaning, Shame, and such as seek Love's wrack + Shall follow thee, their hands tied at their back. + Thee all shall fear, and worship as a king + Iö triumphing shall thy people sing. + Smooth speeches, Fear and Rage shall by thee ride, + Which troops have always been on Cupid's side; + Thou with these soldiers conquer'st gods and men, + Take these away, where is thine honour then? + Thy mother shall from heaven applaud this show, + And on their faces heaps of roses strow, 40 + With beauty of thy wings, thy fair hair gilded,[137] + Ride golden Love in chariots richly builded! + Unless I err, full many shalt thou burn, + And give wounds infinite at every turn. + In spite of thee, forth will thine arrows fly, + A scorching flame burns all the standers by. + So, having conquered Inde, was Bacchus' hue; + Thee pompous birds and him two tigers drew; + Then seeing I grace thy show in following thee, + Forbear to hurt thyself in spoiling me. 50 + Behold thy kinsman[138] Cæsar's prosperous bands, + Who guards the[139] conquered with his conquering hands. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[134] Then. + +[135] So the Isham copy and ed. A. Other eds. "struggling." + +[136] "_Frena minus sentit_ quisquis ad arma facit."--Marlowe's line +strongly supports the view that "bear hard" in _Julius Cæsar_ means +"curb, keep a tight rein over" (hence "eye with suspicion"). Cf. +Christopher Clifford's _School of Horsemanship_ (1585):--"But the most +part of horses takes it [a 'wil of his owne'] through the unskilfulnesse +of the rider by _bearing too hard a hand_ upon them," p. 35. + +[137] "Our poet's copy of Ovid had 'Tu _penna pulchros gemina_ variante +capillos.'"--_Dyce._ (The true reading "Tu pennas gemma, gemma, variante +capillos.") + +[138] Old eds. "kinsmans." + +[139] Old eds. "thee." + + + + +ELEGIA III. + +Ad amicam. + + + I ask but right, let her that caught me late, + Either love, or cause that I may never hate; + I crave[140] too much--would she but let me love her; + Jove knows with such-like prayers I daily move her. + Accept him that shall serve thee all his youth, + Accept him that shall love with spotless truth. + If lofty titles cannot make[141] me thine, + That am descended but of knightly line, + (Soon may you plough the little land I have; + I gladly grant my parents given to save;[142]) 10 + Apollo, Bacchus, and the Muses may; + And Cupid who hath marked me for thy prey; + My spotless life, which but to gods gives place, + Naked simplicity, and modest grace. + I love but one, and her I love change never, + If men have faith, I'll live with thee for ever. + The years that fatal Destiny shall give + I'll live with thee, and die ere thou shalt grieve. + Be thou the happy subject of my books + That I may write things worthy thy fair looks. 20 + By verses, horned Iö got her name; + And she to whom in shape of swan[143] Jove came; + And she that on a feigned Bull swam to land, + Griping his false horns with her virgin hand, + So likewise we will through the world be rung + And with my name shall thine be always sung. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[140] Isham copy "aske." + +[141] Ed. A. "cause me to be thine." + +[142] "Temperat et sumptus parcus uterque parens." + +[143] Isham copy and ed. A. "Bull." + + + + +ELEGIA IV.[144] + +Amicam, qua arte quibusque nutibus in cæna, presente viro, uti debeat, +admonet. + + + Thy husband to a banquet goes with me, + Pray God it may his latest supper be. + Shall I sit gazing as a bashful guest, + While others touch the damsel I love best? + Wilt lying under him, his bosom clip? + About thy neck shall he at pleasure skip? + Marvel not, though the fair bride did incite + The drunken Centaurs to a sudden fight. + I am no half horse, nor in woods I dwell, + Yet scarce my hands from thee contain I well. 10 + But how thou should'st behave thyself now know, + Nor let the winds away my warnings blow. + Before thy husband come, though I not see + What may be done, yet there before him be. + Lie with him gently, when his limbs he spread + Upon the bed; but on my foot first tread. + View me, my becks, and speaking countenance; + Take, and return[145] each secret amorous glance. + Words without voice shall on my eyebrows sit, + Lines thou shalt read in wine by my hand writ. 20 + When our lascivious toys come to thy mind, + Thy rosy cheeks be to thy thumb inclined. + If aught of me thou speak'st in inward thought, + Let thy soft finger to thy ear be brought. + When I, my light, do or say aught that please thee, + Turn round thy gold ring, as it were to ease thee. + Strike on the board like them that pray for evil, + When thou dost wish thy husband at the devil.[146] + What wine he fills thee, wisely will[147] him drink; + Ask thou the boy, what thou enough dost think. 30 + When thou hast tasted, I will take the cup, + And where thou drink'st, on that part I will sup. + If he gives thee what first himself did taste, + Even in his face his offered gobbets[148] cast. + Let not thy neck by his vile arms be prest, + Nor lean thy soft head on his boisterous breast. + Thy bosom's roseate buds let him not finger, + Chiefly on thy lips let not his lips linger + If thou givest kisses, I shall all disclose,[149] + Say they are mine, and hands on thee impose. 40 + Yet this I'll see, but if thy gown aught cover, + Suspicious fear in all my veins will hover. + Mingle not thighs, nor to his leg join thine, + Nor thy soft foot with his hard foot combine. + I have been wanton, therefore am perplexed, + And with mistrust of the like measure vexed. + I and my wench oft under clothes did lurk, + When pleasure moved us to our sweetest work. + Do not thou so; but throw thy mantle hence, + Lest I should think thee guilty of offence. 50 + Entreat thy husband drink, but do not kiss, + And while he drinks, to add more do not miss; + If he lies down with wine and sleep opprest, + The thing and place shall counsel us the rest. + When to go homewards we rise all along + Have care to walk in middle of the throng. + There will I find thee or be found by thee, + There touch whatever thou canst touch of me. + Ay me! I warn what profits some few hours! + But we must part, when heaven with black night lours. 60 + At night thy husband clips[150] thee: I will weep + And to the doors sight of thyself [will] keep: + Then will he kiss thee, and not only kiss, + But force thee give him my stolen honey-bliss. + Constrained against thy will give it the peasant, + Forbear sweet words, and be your sport unpleasant. + To him I pray it no delight may bring, + Or if it do, to thee no joy thence spring. + But, though this night thy fortune be to try it, + To me to-morrow constantly deny[151] it. 70 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[144] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[145] So Dyce; old eds. "receive." + +[146] "Optabis merito cum mala multa viro." + +[147] "Bibat ipse _jubeto_." + +[148] So Dyce for "goblets" of the old eds. ("Rejice libatos illius ore +_cibos_.") + +[149] "Fiam manifestus adulter." + +[150] The original has "Nocte vir _includet_." + +[151] "Dedisse nega." + + + + +ELEGIA V. + +Corinnæ concubitus. + + + In summer's heat, and mid-time of the day, + To rest my limbs upon a bed I lay; + One window shut, the other open stood, + Which gave such light as twinkles in a wood, + Like twilight glimpse at setting of the sun, + Or night being past, and yet not day begun; + Such light to shamefaced maidens must be shown + Where they may sport, and seem to be unknown: + Then came Corinna in a long loose gown, + Her white neck hid with tresses hanging down, 10 + Resembling fair Semiramis going to bed, + Or Lais of a thousand wooers sped.[152] + I snatched her gown: being thin, the harm was small, + Yet strived she to be covered therewithal; + And striving thus, as one that would be cast, + Betrayed herself, and yielded at the last. + Stark naked as she stood before mine eye, + Not one wen in her body could I spy. + What arms and shoulders did I touch and see! + How apt her breasts were to be pressed by me! 20 + How smooth a belly under her waist saw I, + How large a leg, and what a lusty thigh! + To leave the rest, all liked me passing well; + I clinged her naked[153] body, down she fell: + Judge you the rest; being tired she bade me kiss; + Jove send me more such afternoons as this! + +FOOTNOTES: + +[152] Isham copy and ed. A. "spread." + +[153] Ed. A. "her faire white body." ("Et _nudam_ pressi corpus ad usque +meum.") + + + + +ELEGIA VI.[154] + +Ad Janitorem, ut fores sibi aperiat. + + + Unworthy porter, bound in chains full sore, + On movèd hooks set ope the churlish door. + Little I ask, a little entrance make, + The gate half-ope my bent side in will take. + Long love my body to such use make[s] slender, + And to get out doth like apt members render. + He shows me how unheard to pass the watch, + And guides my feet lest, stumbling, falls they catch: + But in times past I feared vain shades, and night, + Wondering if any walkèd without light. 10 + Love, hearing it, laughed with his tender mother, + And smiling said, "Be thou as bold as other." + Forthwith love came; no dark night-flying sprite, + Nor hands prepared to slaughter, me affright. + Thee fear I too much: only thee I flatter: + Thy lightning can my life in pieces batter. + Why enviest me? this hostile den[155] unbar; + See how the gates with my tears watered are! + When thou stood'st naked ready to be beat, + For thee I did thy mistress fair entreat. 20 + But what entreats for thee sometimes[156] took place, + (O mischief!) now for me obtain small grace. + Gratis thou mayest be free; give like for like; + Night goes away: the door's bar backward strike. + Strike; so again hard chains shall bind thee never, + Nor servile water shalt thou drink for ever. + Hard-hearted Porter, dost and wilt not hear? + With stiff oak propped the gate doth still appear. + Such rampired gates besiegèd cities aid; + In midst of peace why art of arms afraid? 30 + Exclud'st a lover, how would'st use a foe? + Strike back the bar, night fast away doth go. + With arms or armèd men I come not guarded; + I am alone, were furious love discarded. + Although I would, I cannot him cashier, + Before I be divided from my gear.[157] + See Love with me, wine moderate in my brain, + And on my hairs a crown of flowers remain. + Who fears these arms? who will not go to meet them? + Night runs away; with open entrance greet them. 40 + Art careless? or is't sleep forbids thee hear, + Giving the winds my words running in thine ear? + Well I remember, when I first did hire thee, + Watching till after midnight did not tire thee. + But now perchance thy wench with thee doth rest, + Ah, how thy lot is above my lot blest: + Though it be so, shut me not out therefore; + Night goes away: I pray thee ope the door. + Err we? or do the turnèd hinges sound, + And opening doors with creaking noise abound?[158] 50 + We err: a strong blast seemed the gates to ope: + Ay me, how high that gale did lift my hope! + If Boreas bears[159] Orithyia's rape in mind, + Come break these deaf doors with thy boisterous wind. + Silent the city is: night's dewy host[160] + March fast away: the bar strike from the post. + Or I more stern than fire or sword will turn, + And with my brand these gorgeous houses burn. + Night, love, and wine to all extremes persuade: + Night, shameless wine, and love are fearless made. 60 + All have I spent: no threats or prayers move thee; + O harder than the doors thou guard'st I prove thee, + No pretty wench's keeper may'st thou be, + The careful prison is more meet for thee. + Now frosty night her flight begins to take, + And crowing cocks poor souls to work awake. + But thou, my crown, from sad hairs ta'en away, + On this hard threshold till the morning lay. + That when my mistress there beholds thee cast, + She may perceive how we the time did waste. 70 + Whate'er thou art, farewell, be like me pained! + Careless farewell, with my fault not distained![161] + And farewell cruel posts, rough threshold's block, + And doors conjoined with an hard iron lock! + +FOOTNOTES: + +[154] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[155] Old eds. "dende." + +[156] Sometime ("quondam"). + +[157] "Ante vel a membris dividar ipse meis." + +[158] Qy. "rebound?" + +[159] Dyce reads, "If, Boreas, bear'st" (_i.e._, "thou bear'st"). But +the change in the old eds. from the second to the third person is not +very harsh. + +[160] A picturesque rendering of + + "Vitreoque madentia rore + Tempora noctis eunt." + +[161] "Lente nec admisso turpis amante ... vale." Of course "nec" should +be taken with "admisso." + + + + +ELEGIA VII.[162] + +Ad pacandam amicam, quam verberaverat. + + + Bind fast my hands, they have deservèd chains, + While rage is absent, take some friend the pains. + For rage against my wench moved my rash arm, + My mistress weeps whom my mad hand did harm. + I might have then my parents dear misused, + Or holy gods with cruel strokes abused. + Why, Ajax, master of the seven-fold shield, + Butchered the flocks he found in spacious field. + And he who on his mother venged his ire, + Against the Destinies durst sharp[163] darts require. 10 + Could I therefore her comely tresses tear? + Yet was she gracèd with her ruffled hair. + So fair she was, Atalanta she resembled, + Before whose bow th' Arcadian wild beasts trembled. + Such Ariadne was, when she bewails, + Her perjured Theseus' flying vows and sails. + So, chaste Minerva, did Cassandra fall + Deflowered[164] except within thy temple wall. + That I was mad, and barbarous all men cried: + She nothing said; pale fear her tongue had tied. 20 + But secretly her looks with checks did trounce me, + Her tears, she silent, guilty did pronounce me. + Would of mine arms my shoulders had been scanted: + Better I could part of myself have wanted. + To mine own self have I had strength so furious, + And to myself could I be so injurious? + Slaughter and mischiefs instruments, no better, + Deservèd chains these cursed hands shall fetter. + Punished I am, if I a Roman beat: + Over my mistress is my right more great? 30 + Tydides left worst signs[165] of villainy; + He first a goddess struck: another I. + Yet he harmed less; whom I professed to love + I harmed: a foe did Diomede's anger move. + Go now, thou conqueror, glorious triumphs raise, + Pay vows to Jove; engirt thy hairs with bays. + And let the troops which shall thy chariot follow, + "Iö, a strong man conquered this wench," hollow. + Let the sad captive foremost, with locks spread + On her white neck, but for hurt cheeks,[166] be led. 40 + Meeter it were her lips were blue with kissing, + And on her neck a wanton's[167] mark not missing. + But, though I like a swelling flood was driven, + And as a prey unto blind anger given, + Was't not enough the fearful wench to chide? + Nor thunder, in rough threatenings, haughty pride? + Nor shamefully her coat pull o'er her crown, + Which to her waist her girdle still kept down? + But cruelly her tresses having rent, + My nails to scratch her lovely cheeks I bent. 50 + Sighing she stood, her bloodless white looks shewed, + Like marble from the Parian mountains hewed. + Her half-dead joints, and trembling limbs I saw, + Like poplar leaves blown with a stormy flaw. + Or slender ears, with gentle zephyr shaken, + Or waters' tops with the warm south-wind taken. + And down her cheeks, the trickling tears did flow, + Like water gushing from consuming snow. + Then first I did perceive I had offended; + My blood the tears were that from her descended. 60 + Before her feet thrice prostrate down I fell, + My fearèd hands thrice back she did repel. + But doubt thou not (revenge doth grief appease), + With thy sharp nails upon my face to seize; + Bescratch mine eyes, spare not my locks to break + (Anger will help thy hands though ne'er so weak); + And lest the sad signs of my crime remain, + Put in their place thy kembèd[168] hairs again. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[162] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[163] I should like to omit this word, to which there is nothing to +correspond in the original. + +[164] Marlowe has misunderstood the original "Sic nisi vittatis quod +erat Cassandra capillis." + +[165] "Pessima Tydides scelerum monumenta reliquit." + +[166] An awkward translation of + + "Si sinerent læsæ, candidia tota, genæ." + +[167] So ed. B.--Ed. C. "wanton." + +[168] Old eds. "keembed." ("Pone recompositas in statione comas.") + + + + +ELEGIA VIII.[169] + +Execratur lenam quæ puellam suam meretricis arte instituebat. + + + There is--whoe'er will know a bawd aright, + Give ear--there is an old trot Dipsas hight.[170] + Her name comes from the thing: she being wise,[171] + Sees not the morn on rosy horses rise, + She magic arts and Thessal charms doth know, + And makes large streams back to their fountains flow; + She knows with grass, with threads on wrung[172] wheels spun, + And what with mares' rank humour[173] may be done. + When she will, cloudes the darkened heaven obscure, + When she will, day shines everywhere most pure. 10 + If I have faith, I saw the stars drop blood, + The purple moon with sanguine visage stood; + Her I suspect among night's spirits to fly, + And her old body in birds' plumes to lie. + Fame saith as I suspect; and in her eyes, + Two eyeballs shine, and double light thence flies. + Great grandsires from their ancient graves she chides, + And with long charms the solid earth divides. + She draws chaste women to incontinence, + Nor doth her tongue want harmful eloquence. 20 + By chance I heard her talk; these words she said, + While closely hid betwixt two doors I laid. + "Mistress, thou knowest thou hast a blest youth pleased, + He stayed and on thy looks his gazes seized. + And why should'st not please; none thy face exceeds; + Ay me, thy body hath no worthy weeds! + As thou art fair, would thou wert fortunate! + Wert thou rich, poor should not be my state. + Th' opposèd star of Mars hath done thee harm; + Now Mars is gone, Venus thy side doth warm, 30 + And brings good fortune; a rich lover plants + His love on thee, and can supply thy wants. + Such is his form as may with thine compare, + Would he not buy thee, thou for him should'st care."[174] + She blushed: "Red shame becomes white cheeks; but this + If feigned, doth well; if true, it doth amiss. + When on thy lap thine eyes thou dost deject, + Each one according to his gifts respect. + Perhaps the Sabines rude, when Tatius reigned + To yield their love to more than one disdained. 40 + Now Mars doth rage abroad without all pity, + And Venus rules in her Æneas' city. + Fair women play; she's chaste whom none will have + Or, but for bashfulness, herself would crave. + Shake off these wrinkles that thy front assault; + Wrinkles in beauty is a grievous fault. + Penelope in bows her youths' strength tried, + Of horn the bow was that approved[175] their side. + Time flying slides hence closely, and deceives us, + And with swift horses the swift year[176] soon leaves us. 50 + Brass shines with use; good garments would[177] be worn; + Houses not dwelt in, are with filth forlorn. + Beauty, not exercised, with age is spent, + Nor one or two men are sufficient. + Many to rob is more sure, and less hateful, + From dog-kept flocks come preys to wolves most grateful. + Behold, what gives the poet but new verses? + And therefore many thousand he rehearses. + The poet's god arrayed in robes of gold, + Of his gilt harp the well-tuned strings doth hold. 60 + Let Homer yield to such as presents bring, + (Trust me) to give, it is a witty thing. + Nor, so thou may'st obtain a wealthy prize, + The vain name of inferior slaves despise. + Nor let the arms of ancient lines[178] beguile thee; + Poor lover, with thy grandsires I exile thee. + Who seeks, for being fair, a night to have, + What he will give, with greater instance crave. + Make a small price, while thou thy nets dost lay; + Lest they should fly; being ta'en, the tyrant play. 70 + Dissemble so, as loved he may be thought, + And take heed lest he gets that love for naught. + Deny him oft; feign now thy head doth ache: + And Isis now will show what 'scuse to make. + Receive him soon, lest patient use he gain, + Or lest his love oft beaten back should wane. + To beggars shut, to bringers ope thy gate; + Let him within hear barred-out lovers prate. + And, as first wronged, the wrongèd sometimes banish; + Thy fault with his fault so repulsed will vanish. 80 + But never give a spacious time to ire; + Anger delayed doth oft to hate retire. + And let thine eyes constrainèd learn to weep, + That this or that man may thy cheeks moist keep. + Nor, if thou cozenest one, dread to forswear, + Venus to mocked men lends a senseless ear. + Servants fit for thy purpose thou must hire, + To teach thy lover what thy thoughts desire. + Let them ask somewhat; many asking little, + Within a while great heaps grow of a tittle. 90 + And sister, nurse, and mother spare him not; + By many hands great wealth is quickly got. + When causes fail thee to require a gift + By keeping of thy birth, make but a shift. + Beware lest he, unrivalled, loves secure; + Take strife away, love doth not well endure. + On all the bed men's tumbling[179] let him view, + And thy neck with lascivious marks made blue. + Chiefly show him the gifts, which others send: + If he gives nothing, let him from thee wend. 100 + When thou hast so much as he gives no more, + Pray him to lend what thou may'st ne'er restore. + Let thy tongue flatter, while thy mind harm works; + Under sweet honey deadly poison lurks. + If this thou dost, to me by long use known, + (Nor let my words be with the winds hence blown) + Oft thou wilt say, 'live well;' thou wilt pray oft, + That my dead bones may in their grave lie soft." + As thus she spake, my shadow me betrayed; + With much ado my hands I scarcely stayed; 110 + But her blear eyes, bald scalp's thin hoary fleeces, + And rivelled[180] cheeks I would have pulled a-pieces. + The gods send thee no house, a poor old age, + Perpetual thirst, and winter's lasting rage. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[169] Not in Isham copy or ed A. + +[170] "Est quædam, nomine Dipsas, anus." + +[171] + + "Nigri non illa parentem + Memnonis in roseis sobria vidit equis." + +Cunningham suggests that "wise" was "one of the thousand and one +euphemisms for 'inebriated.'" + +[172] The spelling in old eds. is "wrong." + +[173] + + "Virus amantis equæ." + +[174] "Si te non emptam vellet emendus erat." (Marlowe's copy must have +read "amandus.") + +[175] Proved their strength. "Qui _latus argueret_ corneus arcus erat." + +[176] The usual reading is "_Ut_ celer admissis labitur _amnis aquis_." + +[177] "Vestis bona _quaerit haberi_." + +[178] Old eds. "liues." + +[179] "Ille viri toto videat _vestigia_ lecto." + +[180] "_Rugosas_ genas." + + + + +ELEGIA IX.[181] + +Ad Atticum, amantem non oportere desidiosum esse, sicuti nec militem. + + + All lovers war, and Cupid hath his tent; + Attic, all lovers are to war far sent, + What age fits Mars, with Venus doth agree; + 'Tis shame for eld in war or love to be. + What years in soldiers captains do require, + Those in their lovers pretty maids desire. + Both of them watch: each on the hard earth sleeps: + His mistress' door this, that his captain's keeps. + Soldiers must travel far: the wench forth send,[182] + Her valiant lover follows without end. 10 + Mounts, and rain-doubled floods he passeth over, + And treads the desert snowy heaps do[183] cover. + Going to sea, east winds he doth not chide, + Nor to hoist sail attends fit time and tide. + Who but a soldier or a lover's bold + To suffer storm-mixed snows with night's sharp cold? + One as a spy doth to his enemies go, + The other eyes his rival as his foe. + He cities great, this thresholds lies before: + This breaks town gates, but he his mistress' door. 20 + Oft to invade the sleeping foe 'tis good, + And armed to shed unarmèd people's blood. + So the fierce troops of Thracian Rhesus fell, + And captive horses bade their lord farewell. + Sooth,[184] lovers watch till sleep the husband charms, + Who slumbering, they rise up in swelling arms. + The keepers' hands[185] and corps-du-gard to pass, + The soldier's, and poor lover's work e'er was. + Doubtful is war and love; the vanquished rise, + And who thou never think'st should fall, down lies. 30 + Therefore whoe'er love slothfulness doth call, + Let him surcease: love tries wit best of all. + Achilles burned, Briseis being ta'en away; + Trojans destroy the Greek wealth, while you may. + Hector to arms went from his wife's embraces, + And on Andromache[186] his helmet laces. + Great Agamemnon was, men say, amazed, + On Priam's loose-trest daughter when he gazed. + Mars in the deed the blacksmith's net did stable; + In heaven was never more notorious fable. 40 + Myself was dull and faint, to sloth inclined; + Pleasure and ease had mollified my mind. + A fair maid's care expelled this sluggishness, + And to her tents willed me myself address. + Since may'st thou see me watch and night-wars move: + He that will not grow slothful, let him love. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[181] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[182] "Mitte puellam." + +[183] Old eds. "to." + +[184] So ed. B.--Ed. C "such." + +[185] "Custodum transire _manus_ vigilumque catervas." (For "hands" the +poet should have written "bands.") + +[186] "Et galeam capiti quae daret uxor erat." + + + + +ELEGIA X.[187] + +Ad puellam, ne pro amore præmia poscat. + + Such as the cause was of two husbands' war, + Whom Trojan ships fetch'd from Europa far, + Such as was Leda, whom the god deluded + In snow-white plumes of a false swan included. + Such as Amymone through the dry fields strayed, + When on her head a water pitcher laid. + Such wert thou, and I feared the bull and eagle, + And whate'er Love made Jove, should thee inveigle. + Now all fear with my mind's hot love abates: + No more this beauty mine eyes captivates. 10 + Ask'st why I change? because thou crav'st reward; + This cause hath thee from pleasing me debarred. + While thou wert plain[188] I loved thy mind and face: + Now inward faults thy outward form disgrace. + Love is a naked boy, his years saunce[189] stain, + And hath no clothes, but open doth remain. + Will you for gain have Cupid sell himself? + He hath no bosom where to hide base pelf. + Love[190] and Love's son are with fierce arms at[191] odds; + To serve for pay beseems not wanton gods. 20 + The whore stands to be bought for each man's money, + And seeks vild wealth by selling of her coney. + Yet greedy bawd's command she curseth still, + And doth, constrained, what you do of goodwill. + Take from irrational beasts a precedent; + 'Tis shame their wits should be more excellent. + The mare asks not the horse, the cow the bull, + Nor the mild ewe gifts from the ram doth pull. + Only a woman gets spoils from a man, + Farms out herself on nights for what she can; 30 + And lets[192] what both delight, what both desire, + Making her joy according to her hire. + The sport being such, as both alike sweet try it, + Why should one sell it and the other buy it? + Why should I lose, and thou gain by the pleasure, + Which man and woman reap in equal measure? + Knights of the post[193] of perjuries make sale, + The unjust judge for bribes becomes a stale. + 'Tis shame sold tongues the guilty should defend, + Or great wealth from a judgment-seat ascend. 40 + 'Tis shame to grow rich by bed-merchandise,[194] + Or prostitute thy beauty for bad price. + Thanks worthily are due for things unbought; + For beds ill-hired we are indebted nought. + The hirer payeth all; his rent discharged, + From further duty he rests then enlarged. + Fair dames forbear rewards for nights to crave: + Ill-gotten goods good end will never have. + The Sabine gauntlets were too dearly won, + That unto death did press the holy nun. 50 + The son slew her, that forth to meet him went, + And a rich necklace caused that punishment. + Yet think no scorn to ask a wealthy churl; + He wants no gifts into thy lap to hurl. + Take clustered grapes from an o'er-laden vine, + May[195] bounteous love[196] Alcinous' fruit resign. + Let poor men show their service, faith and care; + All for their mistress, what they have, prepare. + In verse to praise kind wenches 'tis my part, + And whom I like eternise by mine art. 60 + Garments do wear, jewels and gold do waste, + The fame that verse gives doth for ever last. + To give I love, but to be asked disdain; + Leave asking, and I'll give what I refrain. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[187] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[188] "Simplex." + +[189] Sans. + +[190] "Nec _Venus_ apta," &c. + +[191] Old eds. "to." + +[192] "Vendit." + +[193] "Non bene conducti testes." + +[194] So ed. B.--ed. C "bad merchandise." + +[195] Old eds. "many." + +[196] The original has "ager." + + + + +ELEGIA XI.[197] + +Napen alloquitur, ut paratas tabellas ad Corinnam perferat. + + + In skilful gathering ruffled hairs in order, + Napè, free-born, whose cunning hath no border,[198] + Thy service for night's scapes is known commodious, + And to give signs dull wit to thee is odious.[199] + Corinna clips me oft by thy persuasion: + Never to harm me made thy faith evasion. + Receive these lines; them to my mistress carry; + Be sedulous; let no stay cause thee tarry, + Nor flint nor iron are in thy soft breast, + But pure simplicity in thee doth rest. 10 + And 'tis supposed Love's bow hath wounded thee; + Defend the ensigns of thy war in me. + If what I do, she asks, say "hope for night;" + The rest my hand doth in my letters write. + Time passeth while I speak; give her my writ, + But see that forthwith she peruseth it. + I charge thee mark her eyes and front in reading: + By speechless looks we guess at things succeeding. + Straight being read, will her to write much back, + I hate fair paper should writ matter lack. 20 + Let her make verses and some blotted letter + On the last edge to stay mine eyes the better. + What needs she tire[200] her hand to hold the quill? + Let this word "Come," alone the tables fill. + Then with triumphant laurel will I grace them + And in the midst of Venus' temple place them, + Subscribing, that to her I consecrate + My faithful tables, being vile maple late. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[197] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[198] Bound. + +[199] "Et dandis ingeniosa notis." + +[200] So Dyce for "try" of the old eds. + + + + +ELEGIA XII.[201] + +Tabellas quas miserat execratur quod amica noctem negabat. + + + Bewail my chance: the sad book is returned, + This day denial hath my sport adjourned. + Presages are not vain; when she departed, + Napè by stumbling on the threshold, started. + Going out again, pass forth the door more wisely, + And somewhat higher bear thy foot precisely. + Hence luckless tables! funeral wood, be flying! + And thou, the wax, stuffed full with notes denying! + Which I think gathered from cold hemlock's flower, + Wherein bad honey Corsic bees did pour: 10 + Yet as if mixed with red lead thou wert ruddy, + That colour rightly did appear so bloody. + As evil wood, thrown in the highways, lie, + Be broke with wheels of chariots passing by! + And him that hewed you out for needful uses, + I'll prove had hands impure with all abuses. + Poor wretches on the tree themselves did strangle: + There sat the hangman for men's necks to angle. + To hoarse scrich-owls foul shadows it allows; + Vultures and Furies[202] nestled in the boughs. 20 + To these my love I foolishly committed, + And then with sweet words to my mistress fitted. + More fitly had they[203] wrangling bonds contained + From barbarous lips of some attorney strained. + Among day-books and bills they had lain better, + In which the merchant wails his bankrupt debtor. + Your name approves you made for such like things, + The number two no good divining brings. + Angry, I pray that rotten age you racks, + And sluttish white-mould overgrow the wax. 30 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[201] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[202] "Volturis in ramis et _strigis_ ova tulit." + +[203] Old eds. "thy." + + + + +ELEGIA XIII. + +Ad Auroram ne properet. + + + Now o'er the sea from her old love comes she + That draws the day from heaven's cold axletree. + Aurora, whither slid'st thou? down again! + And birds for[204] Memnon yearly shall be slain. + Now in her tender arms I sweetly bide, + If ever, now well lies she by my side. + The air is cold, and sleep is sweetest now, + And birds send forth shrill notes from every bough. + Whither runn'st thou, that men and women love not? + Hold in thy rosy horses that they move not. 10 + Ere thou rise, stars teach seamen where to sail, + But when thou com'st, they of their courses fail. + Poor travellers though tired, rise at thy sight, + And[205] soldiers make them ready to the fight. + The painful hind by thee to field is sent; + Slow oxen early in the yoke are pent. + Thou coz'nest boys of sleep, and dost betray them + To pedants that with cruel lashes pay them. + Thou mak'st the surety to the lawyer run, + That with one word hath nigh himself undone. 20 + The lawyer and the client hate thy view, + Both whom thou raisest up to toil anew. + By thy means women of their rest are barred, + Thou settst their labouring hands to spin and card. + All[206] could I bear; but that the wench should rise, + Who can endure, save him with whom none lies? + How oft wished I night would not give thee place, + Nor morning stars shun thy uprising face. + How oft that either wind would break thy coach, + Or steeds might fall, forced with thick clouds' approach. 30 + Whither go'st thou, hateful nymph? Memnon the elf + Received his coal-black colour from thyself. + Say that thy love with Cephalus were not known, + Then thinkest thou thy loose life is not shown? + Would Tithon might but talk of thee awhile! + Not one in heaven should be more base and vile. + Thou leav'st his bed, because he's faint through age, + And early mount'st thy hateful carriage: + But held'st[207] thou in thy arms some Cephalus, + Then would'st thou cry, "Stay night, and run not thus." 40 + Dost punish[208] me because years make him wane? + I did not bid thee wed an agèd swain. + The moon sleeps with Endymion every day; + Thou art as fair as she, then kiss and play. + Jove, that thou should'st not haste but wait his leisure, + Made two nights one to finish up his pleasure. + I chid[209] no more; she blushed, and therefore heard me, + Yet lingered not the day, but morning scared me. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[204] So Dyce for "from" of the old eds. + +[205] This line is omitted in ed. A. + +[206] Isham copy and ed. A "This." + +[207] Isham copy and ed. A "had'st." + +[208] Isham copy and ed. A "Punish ye me." + +[209] So the Isham copy. The other old eds. "chide." + + + + +ELEGIA XIV.[210] + +Puellam consolatur cui præ nimia cura comæ deciderant. + + + Leave colouring thy tresses, I did cry; + Now hast thou left no hairs at all to dye. + But what had been more fair had they been kept? + Beyond thy robes thy dangling locks had swept. + Fear'dst thou to dress them being fine and thin, + Like to the silk the curious[211] Seres spin. + Or threads which spider's slender foot draws out, + Fastening her light web some old beam about? + Not black nor golden were they to our view, + Yet although [n]either, mixed of either's hue; 10 + Such as in hilly Ida's watery plains, + The cedar tall, spoiled of his bark, retains. + Add[212] they were apt to curl a hundred ways, + And did to thee no cause of dolour raise. + Nor hath the needle, or the comb's teeth reft them, + The maid that kembed them ever safely left them. + Oft was she dressed before mine eyes, yet never, + Snatching the comb to beat the wench, outdrive her. + Oft in the morn, her hairs not yet digested, + Half-sleeping on a purple bed she rested; 20 + Yet seemly like a Thracian Bacchanal, + That tired doth rashly[213] on the green grass fall. + When they were slender and like downy moss, + Thy[214] troubled hairs, alas, endured great loss. + How patiently hot irons they did take, + In crookèd trannels[215] crispy curls to make. + I cried, "'Tis sin, 'tis sin, these hairs to burn, + They well become thee, then to spare them turn. + Far off be force, no fire to them may reach, + Thy very hairs will the hot bodkin teach." 30 + Lost are the goodly locks, which from their crown, + Phoebus and Bacchus wished were hanging down. + Such were they as Diana[216] painted stands, + All naked holding in her wave-moist hands. + Why dost thy ill-kembed tresses' loss lament? + Why in thy glass dost look, being discontent? + Be not to see with wonted eyes inclined; + To please thyself, thyself put out of mind. + No charmèd herbs of any harlot scathed thee, + No faithless witch in Thessal waters bathed thee. 40 + No sickness harmed thee (far be that away!), + No envious tongue wrought thy thick locks' decay. + By thine own hand and fault thy hurt doth grow, + Thou mad'st thy head with compound poison flow. + Now Germany shall captive hair-tires send thee, + And vanquished people curious dressings lend thee. + Which some admiring, O thou oft wilt blush! + And say, "He likes me for my borrowed bush. + Praising for me some unknown Guelder[217] dame, + But I remember when it was my fame." 50 + Alas she almost weeps, and her white cheeks, + Dyed red with shame to hide from shame she seeks. + She holds, and views her old locks in her lap; + Ay me! rare gifts unworthy such a hap! + Cheer up thyself, thy loss thou may'st repair, + And be hereafter seen with native hair. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[210] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[211] The original has "colorati Seres." + +[212] So ed. B.--Ed. C "And." + +[213] "Temere." + +[214] Old eds. "They." + +[215] Cunningham and the editor of 1826 may be right in reading +"trammels" (_i.e._ ringlets). "Trannel" was the name for a bodkin. (The +original has "Ut fieret torto flexilis orbe sinus.") + +[216] "Nuda _Dione_." + +[217] "Nescio quam pro me laudat nunc iste _Sygambram_." + + + + +ELEGIA XV. + +Ad invidos, quod fama poetarum sit perennis. + + + Envy, why carp'st thou my time's spent so ill? + And term'st[218] my works fruits of an idle quill? + Or that unlike the line from whence I sprung[219] + War's dusty honours are refused being young? + Nor that I study not the brawling laws, + Nor set my voice to sail in every cause? + Thy scope is mortal; mine, eternal fame. + That all the world may[220] ever chant my name. + Homer shall live while Tenedos stands and Ide, + Or to[221] the sea swift Simois shall[222] slide. 10 + Ascræus lives while grapes with new wine swell, + Or men with crookèd sickles corn down fell. + The[223] world shall of Callimachus ever speak; + His art excelled, although his wit was weak. + For ever lasts high Sophocles' proud vein, + With sun and moon Aratus shall remain. + While bondmen cheat, fathers [be] hard,[224] bawds whorish, + And strumpets flatter, shall Menander flourish. + Rude Ennius, and Plautus[225] full of wit, + Are both in Fame's eternal legend writ. 20 + What age of Varro's name shall not be told, + And Jason's Argo,[226] and the fleece of gold? + Lofty Lucretius shall live that hour, + That nature shall dissolve this earthly bower. + Æneas' war and Tityrus shall be read, + While Rome of all the conquered[227] world is head. + Till Cupid's bow, and fiery shafts be broken, + Thy verses, sweet Tibullus, shall be spoken. + And Gallus shall be known from East to West, + So shall Lycoris whom he lovèd best. 30 + Therefore when flint and iron wear away, + Verse is immortal and shall ne'er decay. + To[228] verse let kings give place and kingly shows, + And banks o'er which gold-bearing Tagus flows. + Let base-conceited wits admire vild things; + Fair Phoebus lead me to the Muses' springs. + About my head be quivering myrtle wound, + And in sad lovers' heads let me be found. + The living, not the dead, can envy bite, + For after death all men receive their right. 40 + Then though death racks[229] my bones in funeral fire, + I'll live, and as he pulls me down mount higher. + + +The same, by B. I.[230] + + Envy, why twitt'st thou me, my time's spent ill? + And call'st my verse fruits of an idle quill? + Or that (unlike the line from whence I sprung) + War's dusty honours I pursue not young? + Or that I study not the tedious laws; + And prostitute my voice in every cause? + Thy scope is mortal; mine eternal fame, + Which through the world shall ever chant my name. + Homer will live, whilst Tenedos stands, and Ide, + Or to the sea, fleet Symois doth slide: 10 + And so shall Hesiod too, while vines do bear, + Or crookèd sickles crop the ripened ear. + Callimachus, though in invention low, + Shall still be sung, since he in art doth flow; + No loss shall come to Sophocles' proud vein; + With sun and moon Aratus shall remain. + Whilst slaves be false, fathers hard, and bawds be whorish, + Whilst harlots flatter, shall Meander flourish. + Ennius, though rude, and Accius' high-reared strain, + A fresh applause in every age shall gain. 20 + Of Varro's name, what ear shall not be told? + Of Jason's Argo and the fleece of gold? + Then, shall Lucretius' lofty numbers die, + When earth, and seas in fire and flames shall fry. + Tityrus, Tillage, Æney shall be read,[231] + Whilst Rome of all the conquered world is head. + Till Cupid's fires be out, and his bow broken, + Thy verses, neat Tibulus, shall be spoken. + Our Gallus shall be known from East to West, + So shall Lycoris, whom he now loves best. 30 + The suffering ploughshare or the flint may wear, + But heavenly poesy no death can fear. + Kings shall give place to it, and kingly shows, + The banks o'er which gold-bearing Tagus flows. + Kneel hinds to trash: me let bright Phoebus swell, + With cups full flowing from the Muses' well. + The frost-drad[232] myrtle shall impale my head, + And of sad lovers I'll be often read. + Envy the living, not the dead doth bite, + For after death all men receive their right. 40 + Then when this body falls in funeral fire, + My name shall live, and my best part aspire. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[218] Isham copy and ed. A "tearmes our." + +[219] Dyce's correction for "come" of the old eds. + +[220] Isham copy and ed. A "might." + +[221] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Dyce follows ed. B, "Or into sea." + +[222] So old eds.--Dyce "doth." + +[223] Isham copy and ed. A omit this line and the next. + +[224] So Dyce.--Old eds. "fathers hoord." ("_Durus_ pater.") + +[225] The poet must have read "animosi _Maccius_ oris." The true reading +is "animosique _Accius_ oris." + +[226] Old eds. "Argos." + +[227] Isham copy and ed. A "conquering." + +[228] Isham copy and ed. A "Let kings give place to verse." + +[229] So the Isham copy.--Ed. A (followed by Dyce) gives "rocks."--Eds. +B and C "rakes" (and so Cunningham). + +[230] _I.e._ Ben Jonson, who afterwards introduced it into the +_Poetaster_ (I. 1). This version is merely a revision of the preceding, +which must also have been written by Ben Jonson. + +[231] "Tityrus et fruges Æneïaque arma legentur." + +[232] "Metuentem frigora myrtum." + + + + +P. OVIDII NASONIS AMORUM. + +LIBER SECUNDUS. + + + + +ELEGIA I.[233] + +Quod pro gigantomachia amores scribere sit coactus. + + + I, Ovid, poet, of my[234] wantonness, + Born at Peligny, to write more address. + So Cupid wills. Far hence be the severe! + You are unapt my looser lines to hear. + Let maids whom hot desire to husbands lead,[235] + And rude boys, touched with unknown love, me read: + That some youth hurt, as I am, with Love's bow, + His own flame's best-acquainted signs may know. + And long admiring say, "By what means learned, + Hath this same poet my sad chance discern'd?" 10 + I durst the great celestial battles tell, + Hundred-hand Gyges, and had done it well; + With Earth's revenge, and how Olympus top + High Ossa bore, Mount Pelion up to prop; + Jove and Jove's thunderbolts I had in hand, + Which for[236] his heaven fell on the giants' band. + My wench her door shut, Jove's affairs I left, + Even Jove himself out of my wit was reft. + Pardon me, Jove! thy weapons aid me nought, + Her shut gates greater lightning than thine brought. 20 + Toys, and light elegies, my darts I took, + Quickly soft words hard doors wide-open strook. + Verses reduce the hornèd bloody moon, + And call the sun's white horses back[237] at noon. + Snakes leap by verse from caves of broken mountains,[238] + And turnèd streams run backward to their fountains. + Verses ope doors; and locks put in the post, + Although of oak, to yield to verses boast. + What helps it me of fierce Achill to sing? + What good to me will either Ajax bring? 30 + Or he who warred and wandered twenty year? + Or woful Hector whom wild jades did tear? + But when I praise a pretty wench's face, + She in requital doth me oft embrace. + A great reward! Heroes of[239] famous names + Farewell! your favour nought my mind inflames. + Wenches apply your fair looks to my verse, + Which golden Love doth unto me rehearse. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[233] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[234] Old eds. "thy." + +[235] A clear instance of a plural verb following a singular subject. + +[236] "Quod bene pro coelo mitteret ille suo." + +[237] Old eds. "blacke." + +[238] "Carmine dissiliunt, _abruptis faucibus_, angues." ("Fauces" means +both "jaw" and "mountain-gorge." Marlowe has gone desperately wrong.) + +[239] Old eds. "O." + + + + +ELEGIA II.[240] + +Ad Bagoum, ut custodiam puellæ sibi commissæ laxiorem habeat. + + + Bagous, whose care doth thy[241] mistress bridle, + While I speak some few, yet fit words, be idle. + I saw the damsel walking yesterday, + There, where the porch doth Danaus' fact[242] display: + She pleased me soon; I sent, and did her woo; + Her trembling hand writ back she might not do. + And asking why, this answer she redoubled, + Because thy care too much thy mistress troubled. + Keeper, if thou be wise, cease hate to cherish, + Believe me, whom we fear, we wish to perish. 10 + Nor is her husband wise: what needs defence, + When unprotected[243] there is no expense? + But furiously he follow[244] his love's fire, + And thinks her chaste whom many do desire: + Stolen liberty she may by thee obtain, + Which giving her, she may give thee again: + Wilt thou her fault learn? she may make thee tremble. + Fear to be guilty, then thou may'st dissemble. + Think when she reads, her mother letters sent her: + Let him go forth known, that unknown did enter. 20 + Let him go see her though she do not languish, + And then report her sick and full of anguish. + If long she stays, to think the time more short, + Lay down thy forehead in thy lap to snort. + Inquire not what with Isis may be done, + Nor fear lest she to the theàtres run. + Knowing her scapes, thine honour shall increase; + And what less labour than to hold thy peace? + Let him please, haunt the house, be kindly used, + Enjoy the wench; let all else be refused. 30 + Vain causes feign of him, the true to hide, + And what she likes, let both hold ratified. + When most her husband bends the brows and frowns, + His fawning wench with her desire he crowns. + But yet sometimes to chide thee let her fall + Counterfeit tears: and thee lewd hangman call. + Object thou then, what she may well excuse, + To stain all faith in truth, by false crimes' use. + Of wealth and honour so shall grow thy heap: + Do this, and soon thou shalt thy freedom reap. 40 + On tell-tales' necks thou seest the link-knit chains, + The filthy prison faithless breasts restrains. + Water in waters, and fruit, flying touch, + Tantalus seeks, his long tongue's gain is such. + While Juno's watchman Iö too much eyed, + Him timeless[245] death took, she was deified. + I saw one's legs with fetters black and blue, + By whom the husband his wife's incest[246] knew: + More he deserved; to both great harm he framed, + The man did grieve, the woman was defamed. 50 + Trust me all husbands for such faults are sad, + Nor make they any man that hears them glad. + If he loves not, deaf ears thou dost importune, + Or if he loves, thy tale breeds his misfortune. + Nor is it easy proved though manifest; + She safe by favour of her judge doth rest. + Though himself see, he'll credit her denial, + Condemn his eyes, and say there is no trial. + Spying his mistress' tears he will lament + And say "This blab shall suffer punishment." 60 + Why fight'st 'gainst odds? to thee, being cast, do hap + Sharp stripes; she sitteth in the judge's lap. + To meet for poison or vild facts[247] we crave not; + My hands an unsheathed shining weapon have not. + We seek that, through thee, safely love we may; + What can be easier than the thing we pray? + +FOOTNOTES: + +[240] Not in Isham copy or ed. "A." + +[241] So ed. B.--Ed. C "my." + +[242] The original has "agmen." Cunningham suggests "pack." If we retain +"fact" the meaning is "Danaus' guilt." + +[243] Old eds. "vn-protested." ("Unde nihil, quamvis non tueare, +perit.") + +[244] So ed. B.--Ed. C "follows." (The sense wanted is "Furiously let +him follow" &c.) + +[245] "Ante suos annos occidit." + +[246] "Unde vir incestum scire coactus erat." (Here "incestum" is +"adultery.") + +[247] "Scelus." + + + + +ELEGIA III.[248] + +Ad Eunuchum servantem dominam. + + + Ay me, an eunuch keeps my mistress chaste, + That cannot Venus' mutual pleasure taste. + Who first deprived young boys of their best part, + With self-same wounds he gave, he ought to smart. + To kind requests thou would'st more gentle prove, + If ever wench had made lukewarm thy love: + Thou wert not born to ride, or arms to bear, + Thy hands agree not with the warlike spear. + Men handle those; all manly hopes resign, + Thy mistress' ensigns must be likewise thine. 10 + Please her--her hate makes others thee abhor; + If she discards thee, what use serv'st thou for? + Good form there is, years apt to play together: + Unmeet is beauty without use to wither. + She may deceive thee, though thou her protect; + What two determine never wants effect. + Our prayers move thee to assist our drift, + While thou hast time yet to bestow that gift. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[248] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + + + + +ELEGIA IV. + +Quod amet mulieres, cujuscunque formæ sint. + + + I mean not to defend the scapes[249] of any, + Or justify my vices being many; + For I confess, if that might merit favour, + Here I display my lewd and loose behaviour. + I loathe, yet after that I loathe I run: + Oh, how the burthen irks, that we should[250] shun. + I cannot rule myself but where Love please; + Am[251] driven like a ship upon rough seas. + No one face likes me best, all faces move, + A hundred reasons make me ever love. 10 + If any eye me with a modest look, + I burn,[252] and by that blushful glance am took; + And she that's coy I like, for being no clown, + Methinks she would be nimble when she's down. + Though her sour looks a Sabine's brow resemble, + I think she'll do, but deeply can dissemble. + If she be learned, then for her skill I crave her; + If not, because she's simple I would have her. + Before Callimachus one prefers me far; + Seeing she likes my books, why should we jar? 20 + Another rails at me, and that I write, + Yet would I lie with her, if that I might: + Trips she, it likes me well; plods she, what than[253]? + She would be nimbler lying with a man. + And when one sweetly sings, then straight I long, + To quaver on her lips even in her song; + Or if one touch the lute with art and cunning, + Who would not love those hands[254] for their swift running? + And her I like that with a majesty, + Folds up her arms, and makes low courtesy. 30 + To[255] leave myself, that am in love with all, + Some one of these might make the chastest fall. + If she be tall, she's like an Amazon, + And therefore fills the bed she lies upon: + If short, she lies the rounder: to speak[256] troth, + Both short and long please me, for I love both. + I[257] think what one undecked would be, being drest; + Is she attired? then show her graces best. + A white wench thralls me, so doth golden yellow: + And nut-brown girls in doing have no fellow. 40 + If her white neck be shadowed with black hair, + Why so was Leda's, yet was Leda fair. + Amber-tress'd[258] is she? then on the morn think I: + My love alludes to every history: + A young wench pleaseth, and an old is good, + This for her looks, that for her womanhood: + Nay what is she, that any Roman loves, + But my ambitious ranging mind approves? + +FOOTNOTES: + +[249] "Mendosos ... mores." + +[250] "Heu quam, quae studeas ponere, ferre grave est." + +[251] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "And." + +[252] This is Dyce's certain correction for the old eds. "blush." (The +originals has "uror.") + +[253] Then. + +[254] Ed. A "those _nimble_ hands." + +[255] + + "Ut taceam de me, qui causa tangor ab omni, + Illic Hippolytum pone, Priapus erit." + +[256] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "say." + +[257] This and the next three lines are omitted in Isham copy and ed. A. + +[258] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "yellow trest." + + + + +ELEGIA V.[259] + +Ad amicam corruptam. + + + No love is so dear,--quivered Cupid, fly!-- + That my chief wish should be so oft to die. + Minding thy fault, with death I wish to revel; + Alas! a wench is a perpetual evil. + No intercepted lines thy deeds display, + No gifts given secretly thy crime bewray. + O would my proofs as vain might be withstood! + Ay me, poor soul, why is my cause so good? + He's happy, that his love dares boldly credit; + To whom his wench can say, "I never did it." 10 + He's cruel, and too much his grief doth favour, + That seeks the conquest by her loose behaviour. + Poor wretch,[260] I saw when thou didst think I slumbered; + Not drunk, your faults on the spilt wine I numbered. + I saw your nodding eyebrows much to speak, + Even from your cheeks, part of a voice did break. + Not silent were thine eyes, the board with wine + Was scribbled, and thy fingers writ a line. + I knew your speech (what do not lovers see?) + And words that seemed for certain marks to be. 20 + Now many guests were gone, the feast being done, + The youthful sort to divers pastimes run. + I saw you then unlawful kisses join; + (Such with my tongue it likes me to purloin); + None such the sister gives her brother grave, + But such kind wenches let their lovers have. + Phoebus gave not Diana such, 'tis thought, + But Venus often to her Mars such brought. + "What dost?" I cried; "transport'st thou my delight? + My lordly hands I'll throw upon my right. 30 + Such bliss is only common to us two, + In this sweet good why hath a third to do?" + This, and what grief enforced me say, I said: + A scarlet blush her guilty face arrayed; + Even such as by Aurora hath the sky, + Or maids that their betrothèd husbands spy; + Such as a rose mixed with a lily breeds, + Or when the moon travails with charmèd steeds. + Or such as, lest long years should turn the dye, + Arachne[261] stains Assyrian ivory. 40 + To these, or some of these, like was her colour: + By chance her beauty never shinèd fuller. + She viewed the earth; the earth to view, beseemed her. + She lookèd sad; sad, comely I esteemed her. + Even kembèd as they were, her locks to rend, + And scratch her fair soft cheeks I did intend. + Seeing her face, mine upreared arms descended, + With her own armour was my wench defended. + I, that erewhile was fierce, now humbly sue, + Lest with worse kisses she should me endue. 50 + She laughed, and kissed so sweetly as might make + Wrath-kindled Jove away his thunder shake. + I grieve lest others should such good perceive, + And wish hereby them all unknown[262] to leave. + Also much better were they than I tell, + And ever seemed as some new sweet befell. + 'Tis ill they pleased so much, for in my lips + Lay her whole tongue hid, mine in hers she dips. + This grieves me not; no joinèd kisses spent, + Bewail I only, though I them lament. 60 + Nowhere can they be taught but in the bed; + I know no master of so great hire sped.[263] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[259] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[260] So Dyce for "Poor _wench_" of the old eds.--The original has "Ipse +miser vidi." + +[261] "Maeonis Assyrium femina tinxit opus." Dyce remarks that Marlowe +"was induced to give this extraordinary version of the line by +recollecting that in the sixth book of Ovid's _Metamorphoses_ Arachne is +termed 'Maeonis,' while her father is mentioned as a dyer." + +[262] A bad mistranslation of "Et volo non ex hac illa fuisse nota." + +[263] Far from the original "Nescio quis pretium grande magister habet." + + + + +ELEGIA VI.[264] + +In mortem psittaci. + + + The parrot, from East India to me sent,[265] + Is dead; all fowls her exequies frequent! + Go godly[266] birds, striking your breasts, bewail, + And with rough claws your tender cheeks assail. + For woful hairs let piece-torn plumes abound, + For long shrild[267] trumpets let your notes resound. + Why Philomel dost Tereus' lewdness mourn? + All wasting years have that complaint now[268] worn. + Thy tunes let this rare bird's sad funeral borrow; + Itys[269] a great, but ancient cause of sorrow. 10 + All you whose pinions in the clear air soar, + But most, thou friendly turtle-dove, deplore. + Full concord all your lives was you betwixt, + And to the end your constant faith stood fixt. + What Pylades did to Orestes prove, + Such to the parrot was the turtle-dove. + But what availed this faith? her rarest hue? + Or voice that how to change the wild notes knew? + What helps it thou wert given to please my wench? + Birds' hapless glory, death thy life doth quench. 20 + Thou with thy quills might'st make green emeralds dark, + And pass our scarlet of red saffron's mark. + No such voice-feigning bird was on the ground, + Thou spok'st thy words so well with stammering sound. + Envy hath rapt thee, no fierce wars thou mov'dst; + Vain-babbling speech, and pleasant peace thou lov'dst. + Behold how quails among their battles live, + Which do perchance old age unto them give. + A little filled thee, and for love of talk, + Thy mouth to taste of many meats did balk. 30 + Nuts were thy food, and poppy caused thee sleep, + Pure water's moisture thirst away did keep. + The ravenous vulture lives, the puttock[270] hovers + Around the air, the cadess[271] rain discovers. + And crow[272] survives arms-bearing Pallas' hate, + Whose life nine ages scarce bring out of date. + Dead is that speaking image of man's voice, + The parrot given me, the far world's[273] best choice. + The greedy spirits[274] take the best things first, + Supplying their void places with the worst. 40 + Thersites did Protesilaus survive; + And Hector died, his brothers yet alive. + My wench's vows for thee what should I show, + Which stormy south winds into sea did blow? + The seventh day came, none following might'st thou see, + And the Fate's distaff empty stood to thee: + Yet words in thy benumbèd palate rung; + "Farewell, Corinna," cried thy dying tongue. + Elysium hath a wood of holm-trees black, + Whose earth doth not perpetual green grass lack. 50 + There good birds rest (if we believe things hidden), + Whence unclean fowls are said to be forbidden. + There harmless swans feed all abroad the river; + There lives the phoenix, one alone bird ever; + There Juno's bird displays his gorgeous feather, + And loving doves kiss eagerly together. + The parrot into wood received with these, + Turns all the godly[275] birds to what she please. + A grave her bones hides: on her corps' great grave, + The little stones these little verses have. 60 + _This tomb approves I pleased my mistress well + My mouth in speaking did all birds excell._ + +FOOTNOTES: + +[264] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[265] Dyce remarks that Marlowe's copy had "ales mihi missus" for +"imitatrix ales." + +[266] So Dyce for "goodly" of the old eds. ("piæ volucres"). + +[267] Shrill. + +[268] So Dyce for "not" of the old eds. + +[269] So Dyce for "It is as great." + +[270] "Miluus." + +[271] "Graculus." + +[272] Old eds. "crowes." + +[273] Old eds. "words." + +[274] Marlowe was very weak in Latin prosedy. The original has "manibus +rapiuntur avaris." + +[275] Old eds. "goodly" ("_pias_ volueres"). + + + + +ELEGIA VII.[276] + +Amicæ se purgat, quod ancillam non amet. + + + Dost me of new crimes always guilty frame? + To overcome, so oft to fight I shame. + If on the marble theatre I look, + One among many is, to grieve thee, took. + If some fair wench me secretly behold, + Thou arguest she doth secret marks unfold. + If I praise any, thy poor hairs thou tearest; + If blame, dissembling of my fault thou fearest. + If I look well, thou think'st thou dost not move, + If ill, thou say'st I die for others' love. 10 + Would I were culpable of some offence, + They that deserve pain, bear't with patience. + Now rash accusing, and thy vain belief, + Forbid thine anger to procure my grief. + Lo, how the miserable great-eared ass, + Dulled with much beating, slowly forth doth pass! + Behold Cypassis, wont to dress thy head, + Is charged to violate her mistress' bed! + The gods from this sin rid me of suspicion, + To like a base wench of despised condition. 20 + With Venus' game who will a servant grace? + Or any back, made rough with stripes, embrace? + Add she was diligent thy locks to braid, + And, for her skill, to thee a grateful maid. + Should I solicit her that is so just,-- + To take repulse, and cause her show my lust? + I swear by Venus, and the winged boy's bow, + Myself unguilty of this crime I know. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[276] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + + + + +ELEGIA VIII.[277] + +Ad Cypassim ancillam Corinnæ. + + + Cypassis, that a thousand ways trim'st hair, + Worthy to kemb none but a goddess fair, + Our pleasant scapes show thee no clown to be, + Apt to thy mistress, but more apt to me. + Who that our bodies were comprest bewrayed? + Whence knows Corinna that with thee I played? + Yet blushed I not, nor used I any saying, + That might be urged to witness our false playing. + What if a man with bondwomen offend, + To prove him foolish did I e'er contend? 10 + Achilles burnt with face of captive Brisèis, + Great Agamemnon loved his servant Chrysèis.[278] + Greater than these myself I not esteem: + What gracèd kings, in me no shame I deem. + But when on thee her angry eyes did rush, + In both thy[279] cheeks she did perceive thee[280] blush. + But being present,[281] might that work the best, + By Venus deity how did I protest! + Thou goddess dost command a warm south blast, + My self oaths in Carpathian seas to cast. 20 + For which good turn my sweet reward repay, + Let me lie with thee, brown Cypass, to-day. + Ungrate, why feign'st new fears, and dost refuse? + Well may'st thou one thing for thy mistress use.[282] + If thou deniest, fool, I'll our deeds express, + And as a traitor mine own faults confess; + Telling thy mistress where I was with thee, + How oft, and by what means, we did agree. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[277] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[278] "Serva Phoebas" (_i.e._ Cassandra). + +[279] Old eds. "my." + +[280] So ed. B.--Ed. C "the." + +[281] + + "At quanto, si forte refers, _præsentior_ ipse, + Per Veneris feci numina magna fidem." + +[282] The original has "Unum est e dominis emeruisse satis." + + + + +ELEGIA IX.[283] + +Ad Cupidinem. + + + O Cupid, that dost never cease my smart! + O boy, that liest so slothful in my heart! + Why me that always was the soldier found, + Dost harm, and in thy[284] tents why dost me wound? + Why burns thy brand, why strikes thy bow thy friends? + More glory by thy vanquished foes ascends. + Did not Pelides whom his spear did grieve, + Being required, with speedy help relieve? + Hunters leave taken beasts, pursue the chase, + And than things found do ever further pace. 10 + We people wholly given thee, feel thine-arms, + Thy dull hand stays thy striving enemies' harms. + Dost joy to have thy hookèd arrows shaked + In naked bones? love hath my bones left naked. + So many men and maidens without love, + Hence with great laud thou may'st a triumph move. + Rome, if her strength the huge world had not filled, + With strawy cabins now her courts should build. + The weary soldier hath the conquered fields, + His sword, laid by, safe, tho' rude places yields;[285] 20 + The dock inharbours ships drawn from the floods, + Horse freed from service range abroad the woods. + And time it was for me to live in quiet, + That have so oft served pretty wenches' diet. + Yet should I curse a God, if he but said, + "Live without love," so sweet ill is a maid. + For when my loathing it of heat deprives me, + I know not whither my mind's whirlwind drives me. + Even as a headstrong courser bears away + His rider, vainly striving him to stay; 30 + Or as a sudden gale thrusts into sea + The haven-touching bark, now near the lea; + So wavering Cupid brings me back amain, + And purple Love resumes his darts again. + Strike, boy, I offer thee my naked breast, + Here thou hast strength, here thy right hand doth rest. + Here of themselves thy shafts come, as if shot; + Better than I their quiver knows them not: + Hapless is he that all the night lies quiet. + And slumbering, thinks himself much blessèd by it. 40 + Fool, what is sleep but image of cold death, + Long shalt thou rest when Fates expire thy breath. + But me let crafty damsel's words deceive, + Great joys by hope I inly shall conceive. + Now let her flatter me, now chide me hard, + Let me[286] enjoy her oft, oft be debarred. + Cupid, by thee, Mars in great doubt doth trample, + And thy stepfather fights by thy example. + Light art thou, and more windy than thy wings; + Joys with uncertain faith thou tak'st and brings: 50 + Yet Love, if thou with thy fair mother hear, + Within my breast no desert empire bear; + Subdue the wandering wenches to thy reign, + So of both people shalt thou homage gain. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[283] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[284] So ed. B.--Ed. C "my." + +[285] In some strange fashion Marlowe has mistaken the substantive +"rudis" (the staff received by the gladiator on his discharge) with the +adjective "rudis" (rude). The original has "Tutaque deposito poscitur +ense rudis." + +[286] Old eds. "Let her enjoy me;" but the original has "Saepe fruar +domina." + + + + +ELEGIA X. + +Ad Græcinum quod eodem tempore duas amet. + + + Græcinus (well I wot) thou told'st me once, + I could not be in love with two at once; + By thee deceived, by thee surprised am I, + For now I love two women equally: + Both are well favoured, both rich in array, + Which is the loveliest[287] it is hard to say: + This seems the fairest, so doth that to me; + And[288] this doth please me most, and so doth she; + Even as a boat tossed by contràry wind, + So with this love and that wavers my mind. 10 + Venus, why doublest thou my endless smart? + Was not one wench enough to grieve my heart? + Why add'st thou stars to heaven, leaves to green woods, + And to the deep[289] vast sea fresh water-floods? + Yet this is better far than lie alone: + Let such as be mine enemies have none; + Yea, let my foes sleep in an empty bed, + And in the midst their bodies largely spread: + But may soft[290] love rouse up my drowsy eyes, + And from my mistress' bosom let me rise! 20 + Let one wench cloy me with sweet love's delight, + If one can do't; if not, two every night. + Though I am slender, I have store of pith, + Nor want I strength, but weight, to press her with: + Pleasure adds fuel to my lustful fire, + I pay them home with that they most desire: + Oft have I spent the night in wantonness, + And in the morn been lively ne'ertheless, + He's happy who Love's mutual skirmish slays; + And to the gods for that death Ovid prays. 30 + Let soldiers[291] chase their enemies amain, + And with their blood eternal honour gain, + Let merchants seek wealth and[292] with perjured lips, + Being wrecked, carouse the sea tired by their ships; + But when I die, would I might droop with doing, + And in the midst thereof, set[293] my soul going, + That at my funerals some may weeping cry, + "Even as he led his life, so did he die." + +FOOTNOTES: + +[287] "Artibus in dubio est haec sit an illa prior." Dyce suggests that +Marlowe read "Artubus." + +[288] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[289] Eds. B, C, "vast deep sea." + +[290] The original has "saevus" (for which Marlowe seems to have read +"suavis"). + +[291] Isham copy and ed. A "souldiour ... his," and in the next line +"his blood." + +[292] So Cunningham for-- + + "Let merchants seek wealth with perjured lips + _And_ being wrecked," &c. + +[293] So Isham copy and eds. B, C--Ed. A "let." + + + + +ELEGIA XI.[294] + +Ad amicam navigantem. + + + The lofty pine, from high Mount Pelion raught,[295] + Ill ways by rough seas wondering waves first taught; + Which rashly 'twixt the sharp rocks in the deep, + Carried the famous golden-fleecèd sheep. + O would that no oars might in seas have sunk! + The Argo[296] wrecked had deadly waters drunk. + Lo, country gods and know[n] bed to forsake + Corinna means, and dangerous ways to take. + For thee the East and West winds make me pale, + With icy Boreas, and the Southern gale. 10 + Thou shalt admire no woods or cities there, + The unjust seas all bluish do appear. + The ocean hath no painted stones or shells, + The sucking[297] shore with their abundance swells. + Maids on the shore, with marble-white feet tread, + So far 'tis safe; but to go farther, dread. + Let others tell how winds fierce battles wage, + How Scylla's and Charybdis' waters rage; + And with what rock[s] the feared Ceraunia threat; + In what gulf either Syrtes have their seat. 20 + Let others tell this, and what each one speaks + Believe; no tempest the believer wreaks.[298] + Too late you look back, when with anchors weighed, + The crookèd bark hath her swift sails displayed. + The careful shipman now fears angry gusts, + And with the waters sees death near him thrusts. + But if that Triton toss the troubled flood, + In all thy face will be no crimson blood. + Then wilt thou Leda's noble twin-stars pray, + And, he is happy whom the earth holds, say. 30 + It is more safe to sleep, to read a book, + The Thracian harp with cunning to have strook. + But if my words with wingèd storm hence slip, + Yet, Galatea, favour thou her ship. + The loss of such a wench much blame will gather, + Both to the sea-nymphs and the sea-nymphs' father. + Go, minding to return with prosperous wind, + Whose blast may hither strongly be inclined. + Let Nereus bend the waves unto this shore, + Hither the winds blow, here the spring-tide roar. 40 + Request mild Zephyr's help for thy avail, + And with thy hand assist thy swelling sail. + I from the shore thy known ship first will see, + And say it brings her that preserveth me. + I'll clip[299] and kiss thee with all contentation; + For thy return shall fall the vowed oblation; + And in the form of beds we'll strew soft sand; + Each little hill shall for a table stand: + There, wine being filled, thou many things shalt tell, + How, almost wrecked, thy ship in main seas fell. 50 + And hasting to me, neither darksome night, + Nor violent south-winds did thee aught affright, + I'll think all true, though it be feignèd matter! + Mine own desires why should myself not flatter? + Let the bright day-star cause in heaven this day be, + To bring that happy time so soon as may be. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[294] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[295] "Cæsa." + +[296] Old eds. "Argos." + +[297] "Bibuli litoris illa mora est." + +[298] Dyce was doubtless right in supposing "wreaks" to be used _metri +causa_ for "wrecks." Cunningham wanted to give the meaning "recks;" but +that meaning does not suit the context. The original has "credenti nulla +procella nocet." + +[299] "Excipiamque humeris." + + + + +ELEGIA XII.[300] + +Exultat, quod amica potitus sit. + + + About my temples go, triumphant bays! + Conquered Corinna in my bosom lays. + She whom her husband, guard, and gate, as foes, + Lest art should win her, firmly did enclose: + That victory doth chiefly triumph merit, + Which without bloodshed doth the prey inherit. + No little ditchèd towns, no lowly walls, + But to my share a captive damsel falls. + When Troy by ten years' battle tumbled down, + With the Atrides many gained renown: 10 + But I no partner of my glory brook, + Nor can another say his help I took. + I, guide and soldier, won the field and wear her, + I was both horseman, footman, standard-bearer. + Nor in my act hath fortune mingled chance: + O care-got[301] triumph hitherwards advance! + Nor is my war's cause new; but for a queen, + Europe and Asia in firm peace had been; + The Lapiths and the Centaurs, for a woman, + To cruel arms their drunken selves did summon; 20 + A woman forced the Trojans new to enter + Wars, just Latinus, in thy kingdom's centre; + A woman against late-built Rome did send + The Sabine fathers, who sharp wars intend. + I saw how bulls for a white heifer strive, + She looking on them did more courage give. + And me with many, but me[302] without murther, + Cupid commands to move his ensigns further. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[300] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[301] "Cura parte triumphe mea." + +[302] Ed. B "but yet me."--Ed. C "but yet without." + + + + +ELEGIA XIII.[303] + +Ad Isidem, ut parientem Corinnam servet. + + + While rashly her womb's burden she casts out, + Weary Corinna hath her life in doubt. + She, secretly from[304] me, such harm attempted, + Angry I was, but fear my wrath exempted. + But she conceived of me; or I am sure + I oft have done what might as much procure. + Thou that frequent'st Canopus' pleasant fields, + Memphis, and Pharos that sweet date-trees yields, + And where swift Nile in his large channel skipping,[305] + By seven huge mouths into the sea is slipping. 10 + By feared Anubis' visage I thee pray,-- + So in thy temples shall Osiris stay, + And the dull snake about thy offerings creep, + And in thy pomp horned Apis with thee keep,-- + Turn thy looks hither, and in one spare twain: + Thou givest my mistress life, she mine again. + She oft hath served thee upon certain days, + Where the French[306] rout engirt themselves with bays. + On labouring women thou dost pity take, + Whose bodies with their heavy burdens ache; 20 + My wench, Lucina, I entreat thee favour; + Worthy she is, thou should'st in mercy save her. + In white, with incense, I'll thine altars greet, + Myself will bring vowed gifts before thy feet, + Subscribing _Naso with Corinna saved_: + Do but deserve gifts with this title graved. + But, if in so great fear I may advise thee, + To have this skirmish fought let it suffice thee. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[303] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[304] Old eds. "with," which must be a printer's error. (The original +has "clam me.") + +[305] Old eds. "slipping." + +[306] "Gallica turma" (_i.e._ the company of _Galli_, the priests of +Isis). + + + + +ELEGIA XIV.[307] + +In amicam, quod abortivum ipsa fecerit. + + + What helps it woman to be free from war, + Nor, being armed, fierce troops to follow far, + If without battle self-wrought wounds annoy them. + And their own privy-weaponed hands destroy them + Who unborn infants first to slay invented, + Deserved thereby with death to be tormented. + Because thy belly should rough wrinkles lack, + Wilt thou thy womb-inclosèd offspring wrack? + Had ancient mothers this vile custom cherished, + All human kind by their default[308] had perished; 10 + Or[309] stones, our stock's original should be hurled, + Again, by some, in this unpeopled world. + Who should have Priam's wealthy substance won, + If watery Thetis had her child fordone? + In swelling womb her twins had Ilia killed, + He had not been that conquering Rome bid build. + Had Venus spoiled her belly's Trojan fruit, + The earth of Cæsars had been destitute. + Thou also that wert born fair, had'st decayed, + If such a work thy mother had assayed. 20 + Myself, that better die with loving may, + Had seen, my mother killing me, no[310] day. + Why tak'st increasing grapes from vinetrees full? + With cruel hand why dost green apples pull? + Fruits ripe will fall; let springing things increase; + Life is no light price of a small surcease.[311] + Why with hid irons are your bowels torn? + And why dire poison give you babes unborn? + At Colchis, stained with children's blood, men rail, + And mother-murdered Itys they[312] bewail. 30 + Both unkind parents; but, for causes sad, + Their wedlocks' pledges[313] venged their husbands bad. + What Tereus, what Iäson you provokes, + To plague your bodies with such harmful strokes? + Armenian tigers never did so ill, + Nor dares the lioness her young whelps kill. + But tender damsels do it, though with pain; + Oft dies she that her paunch-wrapt[314] child hath slain: + She dies, and with loose hairs to grave is sent, + And whoe'er see her, worthily[315] lament. 40 + But in the air let these words come to naught, + And my presages of no weight be thought. + Forgive her, gracious gods, this one delict, + And on the next fault punishment inflict. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[307] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[308] "Vitio." + +[309] Old eds. "On." + +[310] Old eds. "to-day." + +[311] "Est pretium parvæ non leve vita moræ." + +[312] Dyce's suggestion for "thee" of the old eds. The original has +"Aque sua caesum matre queruntur Ityn." + +[313] + + "Sed tristibus utraque causis + Jactura socii sanguinis ulta virum." + +[314] An inelegant translation of "Saepe suos uteros quae necat ipse +perit." + +[315] Marlowe has given a meaning the very opposite of the original--"Et +clamant 'Merito' qui modo cumque vident." + + + + +ELEGIA XV.[316] + +Ad annulum, quem dono amicæ dedit. + + + Thou ring that shalt my fair girl's finger bind, + Wherein is seen the giver's loving mind: + Be welcome to her, gladly let her take thee, + And, her small joints encircling, round hoop make thee. + Fit her so well, as she is fit for me, + And of just compass for her knuckles be. + Blest ring, thou in my mistress' hand shall lie, + Myself, poor wretch, mine own gifts now envy. + O would that suddenly into my gift, + I could myself by secret magic shift! 10 + Then would I wish thee touch my mistress' pap, + And hide thy left hand underneath her lap, + I would get off, though strait and sticking fast, + And in her bosom strangely fall at last. + Then I, that I may seal her privy leaves, + Lest to the wax the hold-fast dry gem cleaves, + Would first my beauteous wench's moist lips touch; + Only I'll sign naught that may grieve me much. + I would not out, might I in one place hit: + But in less compass her small fingers knit. 20 + My life! that I will shame thee never fear, + Or be[317] a load thou should'st refuse to bear. + Wear me, when warmest showers thy members wash, + And through the gem let thy lost waters pash, + But seeing thee, I think my thing will swell, + And even the ring perform a man's part well. + Vain things why wish I? go, small gift, from hand; + Let her my faith, with thee given, understand. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[316] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[317] Old eds. "by." + + + + +ELEGIA XVI.[318] + +Ad amicam, ut ad rura sua veniat. + + + Sulmo, Peligny's third part, me contains, + A small, but wholesome soil with watery veins, + Although the sun to rive[319] the earth incline, + And the Icarian froward dog-star shine; + Pelignian fields with liquid rivers flow, + And on the soft ground fertile green grass grow; + With corn the earth abounds, with vines much more, + And some few pastures Pallas' olives bore; + And by the rising herbs, where clear springs slide, + A grassy turf the moistened earth doth hide. 10 + But absent is my fire; lies I'll tell none, + My heat is here, what moves my heat is gone. + Pollux and Castor, might I stand betwixt, + In heaven without thee would I not be fixt. + Upon the cold earth pensive let them lay, + That mean to travel some long irksome way. + Or else will maidens young men's mates to go, + If they determine to persèver so. + Then on the rough Alps should I tread aloft, + My hard way with my mistress would seem soft. 20 + With her I durst the Libyan Syrts break through, + And raging seas in boisterous south-winds plough. + No barking dogs, that Scylla's entrails bear, + Nor thy gulfs, crook'd Malea, would I fear. + No flowing waves with drownèd ships forth-poured + By cloyed Charybdis, and again devoured. + But if stern Neptune's windy power prevail, + And waters' force force helping Gods to fail, + With thy white arms upon my shoulders seize; + So sweet a burden I will bear with ease. 30 + The youth oft swimming to his Hero kind, + Had then swum over, but the way was blind. + But without thee, although vine-planted ground + Contains me; though the streams the[320] fields surround; + Though hinds in brooks the running waters bring, + And cool gales shake the tall trees' leafy spring; + Healthful Peligny, I esteem naught worth, + Nor do I like the country of my birth. + Scythia, Cilicia, Britain are as good, + And rocks dyed crimson with Prometheus' blood. 40 + Elms love the vines; the vines with elms abide, + Why doth my mistress from me oft divide? + Thou swear'dst,[321] division should not twixt us rise, + By me, and by my stars, thy radiant eyes; + Maids' words more vain and light than falling leaves, + Which, as it seems, hence wind and sea bereaves. + If any godly care of me thou hast, + Add deeds unto thy promises at last. + And with swift nags drawing thy little coach + (Their reins let loose), right soon my house approach. 50 + But when she comes, you[322] swelling mounts, sink down, + And falling valleys be the smooth ways' crown.[323] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[318] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[319] "Findat." + +[320] Ed. B "in fields."--Ed. C "in field." + +[321] Old eds. "swearest." + +[322] Old eds. "your." + +[323] "Et faciles curvis vallibus este viæ." + + + + +ELEGIA XVII.[324] + +Quod Corinnæ soli sit serviturus. + + + To serve a wench if any think it shame, + He being judge, I am convinced of blame. + Let me be slandered, while my fire she hides, + That Paphos, and[325] flood-beat Cythera guides. + Would I had been my mistress' gentle prey, + Since some fair one I should of force obey. + Beauty gives heart; Corinna's looks excell; + Ay me, why is it known to her so well? + But by her glass disdainful pride she learns, + Nor she herself, but first trimmed up, discerns. 10 + Not though thy face in all things make thee reign, + (O face, most cunning mine eyes to detain!) + Thou ought'st therefore to scorn me for thy mate, + Small things with greater may be copulate. + Love-snared Calypso is supposed to pray + A mortal nymph's[326] refusing lord to stay. + Who doubts, with Peleus Thetis did consort, + Egeria with just Numa had good sport. + Venus with Vulcan, though, smith's tools laid by, + With his stump foot he halts ill-favouredly. 20 + This kind of verse is not alike; yet fit, + With shorter numbers the heroic sit. + And thou, my light, accept me howsoever; + Lay in the mid bed, there be my lawgiver. + My stay no crime, my flight no joy shall breed, + Nor of our love, to be ashamed we need. + For great revenues I good verses have, + And many by me to get glory crave. + I know a wench reports herself Corinne; + What would not she give that fair name to win? 30 + But sundry floods in one bank never go, + Eurotas cold, and poplar-bearing Po; + Nor in my books shall one but thou be writ, + Thou dost alone give matter to my wit. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[324] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[325] Old eds. "and the." + +[326] Marlowe reads "nymphæ" for "nymphe." + + + + +ELEGIA XVIII.[327] + +Ad Macrum, quod de amoribus scribat. + + + To tragic verse while thou Achilles train'st, + And new sworn soldiers' maiden arms retain'st, + We, Macer, sit in Venus' slothful shade, + And tender love hath great things hateful made. + Often at length, my wench depart I bid, + She in my lap sits still as erst she did. + I said, "It irks me:" half to weeping framed, + "Ay me!" she cries, "to love why art ashamed?" + Then wreathes about my neck her winding arms, + And thousand kisses gives, that work my harms: 10 + I yield, and back my wit from battles bring, + Domestic acts, and mine own wars to sing. + Yet tragedies, and sceptres fill'd my lines, + But though I apt were for such high designs, + Love laughèd at my cloak, and buskins painted, + And rule, so soon with private hands acquainted. + My mistress' deity also drew me fro it, + And love triumpheth o'er his buskined poet. + What lawful is, or we profess love's art: + (Alas, my precepts turn myself to smart!) 20 + We write, or what Penelope sends Ulysses, + Or Phillis' tears that her Demophoon misses. + What thankless Jason, Macareus, and Paris, + Phedra, and Hippolyte may read, my care is. + And what poor Dido, with her drawn sword sharp, + Doth say, with her that loved the Aonian harp. + As[328] soon as from strange lands Sabinus came, + And writings did from divers places frame, + White-cheeked Penelope knew Ulysses' sign, + The step-dame read Hippolytus' lustless line. 30 + Æneas to Elisa answer gives, + And Phillis hath to read, if now she lives. + Jason's sad letter doth Hypsipyle greet; + Sappho her vowed harp lays at Phoebus' feet. + Nor of thee, Macer, that resound'st forth arms, + Is golden love hid in Mars' mid alarms. + There Paris is, and Helen's crimes record, + With Laodamia, mate to her dead lord, + Unless I err to these thou more incline, + Than wars, and from thy tents wilt come to mine. 40 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[327] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[328] The original has "Quam cito de toto rediit meus orbe Sabinus," &c. + + + + +ELEGIA XIX.[329] + +Ad rivalem cui uxor curæ non erat. + + + Fool, if to keep thy wife thou hast no need, + Keep her from me, my more desire to breed; + We scorn things lawful; stolen sweets we affect; + Cruel is he that loves whom none protect. + Let us, both lovers, hope and fear alike, + And may repulse place for our wishes strike.[330] + What should I do with fortune that ne'er fails me? + Nothing I love that at all times avails me. + Wily Corinna saw this blemish in me, + And craftily knows by what means to win me. 10 + Ah, often, that her hale[331] head ached, she lying, + Willed me, whose slow feet sought delay, be flying! + Ah, oft, how much she might, she feigned offence; + And, doing wrong, made show of innocence. + So, having vexed, she nourished my warm fire, + And was again most apt to my desire. + To please me, what fair terms and sweet words has she! + Great gods! what kisses, and how many ga'[332] she! + Thou also that late took'st mine eyes away, + Oft cozen[333] me, oft, being wooed, say nay; 20 + And on thy threshold let me lie dispread, + Suff'ring much cold by hoary night's frost bred. + So shall my love continue many years; + This doth delight me, this my courage cheers. + Fat love, and too much fulsome, me annoys, + Even as sweet meat a glutted stomach cloys. + In brazen tower had not Danäe dwelt, + A mother's joy by Jove she had not felt. + While Juno Iö keeps, when horns she wore, + Jove liked her better than he did before. 30 + Who covets lawful things takes leaves from woods, + And drinks stolen waters in surrounding floods. + Her lover let her mock that long will reign: + Ay me, let not my warnings cause my pain! + Whatever haps, by sufferance harm is done, + What flies I follow, what follows me I shun. + But thou, of thy fair damsel too secure, + Begin to shut thy house at evening sure. + Search at the door who knocks oft in the dark, + In night's deep silence why the ban-dogs[334] bark. 40 + Whither[335] the subtle maid lines[336] brings and carries, + Why she alone in empty bed oft tarries. + Let this care sometimes bite thee to the quick, + That to deceits it may me forward prick. + To steal sands from the shore he loves a-life[337] + That can affect[338] a foolish wittol's wife. + Now I forewarn, unless to keep her stronger + Thou dost begin, she shall be mine no longer. + Long have I borne much, hoping time would beat thee + To guard her well, that well I might entreat thee.[339] 50 + Thou suffer'st what no husband can endure, + But of my love it will an end procure. + Shall I, poor soul, be never interdicted? + Nor never with night's sharp revenge afflicted. + In sleeping shall I fearless draw my breath? + Wilt nothing do, why I should wish thy death? + Can I but loathe a husband grown a bawd? + By thy default thou dost our joys defraud. + Some other seek that may in patience strive with thee, + To pleasure me, forbid me to corrive with thee.[340] 60 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[329] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[330] "Et faciat voto rara repulsa locum." + +[331] Old eds, "haole"--The construction is not plain without a +reference to the original:-- + + "Ah, quotiens sani capitis mentita dolores, + Cunctantem tardo jussit abire pede." + +[332] So Dyce for "gave" of the old eds. + +[333] The reading of the original is "Saepe time insidias." + +[334] Dogs tied up on account of their fierceness. + +[335] Old eds. "Whether" (a common form of "whither"). + +[336] "Tabellas." + +[337] As dearly as life. + +[338] Old eds. "effect." + +[339] + + "Multa diuque tuli; speravi saepe futurum + Cum bene servasses ut bene verba darem." + +[340] "Me tibi rivalem si juvat esse, veta." + + + + +P. OVIDII MASONIS AMORUM. + +LIBER TERTIUS. + + + + +ELEGIA I.[341] + +Deliberatio poetæ, utrum elegos pergat scribere an potius tragoedias. + + + An old wood stands, uncut of long years' space, + 'Tis credible some godhead[342] haunts the place. + In midst thereof a stone-paved sacred spring, + Where round about small birds most sweetly sing. + Here while I walk, hid close in shady grove, + To find what work my muse might move, I strove, + Elegia came with hairs perfumèd sweet, + And one, I think, was longer, of her feet: + A decent form, thin robe, a lover's look, + By her foot's blemish greater grace she took. 10 + Then with huge steps came violent Tragedy, + Stern was her front, her cloak[343] on ground did lie. + Her left hand held abroad a regal sceptre, + The Lydian buskin [in] fit paces kept her. + And first she[344] said, "When will thy love be spent, + O poet careless of thy argument? + Wine-bibbing banquets tell thy naughtiness, + Each cross-way's corner doth as much express. + Oft some points at the prophet passing by, + And, 'This is he whom fierce love burns,' they cry. 20 + A laughing-stock thou art to all the city; + While without shame thou sing'st thy lewdness' ditty. + 'Tis time to move great things in lofty style, + Long hast thou loitered; greater works compile. + The subject hides thy wit; men's acts resound; + This thou wilt say to be a worthy ground. + Thy muse hath played what may mild girls content, + And by those numbers is thy first youth spent. + Now give the Roman Tragedy a name, + To fill my laws thy wanton spirit frame." 30 + This said, she moved her buskins gaily varnished, + And seven times shook her head with thick locks garnished. + The other smiled (I wot), with wanton eyes: + Err I, or myrtle in her right hand lies? + "With lofty words stout Tragedy," she said, + "Why tread'st me down? art thou aye gravely play'd? + Thou deign'st unequal lines should thee rehearse; + Thou fight'st against me using mine own verse. + Thy lofty style with mine I not compare, + Small doors unfitting for large houses are. 40 + Light am I, and with me, my care, light Love; + Not stronger am I, than the thing I move. + Venus without me should be rustical: + This goddess' company doth to me befal. + What gate thy stately words cannot unlock, + My flattering speeches soon wide open knock. + And I deserve more than thou canst in verity, + By suffering much not borne by thy severity. + By me Corinna learns, cozening her guard, + To get the door with little noise unbarred; 50 + And slipped from bed, clothed in a loose nightgown, + To move her feet unheard in setting[345] down. + Ah, how oft on hard doors hung I engraved, + From no man's reading fearing to be saved! + But, till the keeper[346] went forth, I forget not, + The maid to hide me in her bosom let not. + What gift with me was on her birthday sent, + But cruelly by her was drowned and rent. + First of thy mind the happy seeds I knew;[347] + Thou hast my gift, which she would from thee sue." 60 + She left;[348] I said, "You both I must beseech, + To empty air[349] may go my fearful speech. + With sceptres and high buskins th' one would dress me, + So through the world should bright renown express me. + The other gives my love a conquering name; + Come, therefore, and to long verse shorter frame. + Grant, Tragedy, thy poet time's least tittle: + Thy labour ever lasts; she asks but little." + She gave me leave; soft loves, in time make haste; + Some greater work will urge me on at last. 70 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[341] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[342] Old eds. "good head." + +[343] So Dyce--Old eds. "looke." ("Palla jacebat humi.") + +[344] Old eds. "he." + +[345] Old eds. "sitting." ("Atque impercussos nocte movere pedes.") + +[346] Ed. B "keepes;" ed. C "keepers." This line and the next are a +translation of:-- + + "Quin ego me memini, dum custos saevus abiret, + Ancillae missam delituisse sinu." + +[347] The original has + + "Prima tuae _movi_ felicia semina mentis." + +(Marlowe's copy read "novi.") + +[348] "Desierat." + +[349] "In vacuas _auras_." (The true reading is "aures.") + + + + +ELEGIA II.[350] + +Ad amicam cursum equorum spectantem. + + I sit not here the noble horse to see; + Yet whom thou favour'st, pray may conqueror be. + To sit and talk with thee I hither came, + That thou may'st know with love thou mak'st me flame. + Thou view'st the course; I thee: let either heed + What please them, and their eyes let either feed. + What horse-driver thou favour'st most is best, + Because on him thy care doth hap to rest. + Such chance let me have: I would bravely run, + On swift steeds mounted till the race were done. 10 + Now would I slack the reins, now lash their hide, + With wheels bent inward now the ring-turn ride, + In running if I see thee, I shall stay, + And from my hands the reins will slip away. + Ah, Pelops from his coach was almost felled, + Hippodamia's looks while he beheld! + Yet he attained, by her support, to have her: + Let us all conquer by our mistress' favour. + In vain, why fly'st back? force conjoins us now: + The place's laws this benefit allow. 20 + But spare my wench, thou at her right hand seated; + By thy sides touching ill she is entreated.[351] + And sit thou rounder,[352] that behind us see; + For shame press not her back with thy hard knee. + But on the ground thy clothes too loosely lie: + Gather them up, or lift them, lo, will I. + Envious[353] garments, so good legs to hide! + The more thou look'st, the more the gown's envìed. + Swift Atalanta's flying legs, like these, + Wish in his hands grasped did Hippomenes. 30 + Coat-tucked Diana's legs are painted like them, + When strong wild beasts, she, stronger, hunts to strike them. + Ere these were seen, I burnt: what will these do? + Flames into flame, floods thou pour'st seas into, + By these I judge; delight me may the rest, + Which lie hid, under her thin veil supprest. + Yet in the meantime wilt small winds bestow, + That from thy fan, moved by my hand, may blow? + Or is my heat of mind, not of the sky? + Is't women's love my captive breast doth fry? 40 + While thus I speak, black dust her white robes ray;[354] + Foul dust, from her fair body go away! + Now comes the pomp; themselves let all men cheer;[355] + The shout is nigh; the golden pomp comes here. + First, Victory is brought with large spread wing: + Goddess, come here; make my love conquering. + Applaud you Neptune, that dare trust his wave, + The sea I use not: me my earth must have. + Soldier applaud thy Mars, no wars we move, + Peace pleaseth me, and in mid peace is love. 50 + With augurs Phoebus, Phoebe with hunters stands. + To thee Minerva turn the craftsmen's hands. + Ceres and Bacchus countrymen adore, + Champions please[356] Pollux, Castor loves horsemen more. + Thee, gentle Venus, and the boy that flies, + We praise: great goddess aid my enterprise. + Let my new mistress grant to be beloved; + She becked, and prosperous signs gave as she moved. + What Venus promised, promise thou we pray + Greater than her, by her leave, thou'rt, I'll say. 60 + The gods, and their rich pomp witness with me, + For evermore thou shalt my mistress be. + Thy legs hang down, thou may'st, if that be best, + Awhile[357] thy tiptoes on the footstool[358] rest. + Now greatest spectacles the Prætor sends, + Four chariot-horses from the lists' even ends. + I see whom thou affect'st: he shall subdue; + The horses seem as thy[359] desire they knew. + Alas, he runs too far about the ring; + What dost? thy waggon in less compass bring. 70 + What dost, unhappy? her good wishes fade: + Let with strong hand the rein to bend be made. + One slow we favour, Romans, him revoke: + And each give signs by casting up his cloak. + They call him back; lest their gowns toss thy hair, + To hide thee in my bosom straight repair. + But now again the barriers open lie, + And forth the gay troops on swift horses fly. + At least now conquer, and outrun the rest: + My mistress' wish confirm with my request. 80 + My mistress hath her wish; my wish remain: + He holds the palm: my palm is yet to gain. + She smiled, and with quick eyes behight[360] some grace: + Pay it not here, but in another place. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[350] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[351] "Contactu lateris laeditur ista tui." + +[352] "Tua contraha crura." + +[353] + + "Invida vestis eras quod tam bona crura tegebas! + Quoque magis spectes ... invida vestis eras." + +[354] Defile. + +[355] A strange rendering of "linguis animisque favete." + +[356] Ed. B "pleace;" ed. C "place." + +[357] Old eds. "Or while." + +[358] "Cancellis" (_i.e._ the rails). + +[359] Old eds. "they." + +[360] "Promisit." + + + + +ELEGIA III.[361] + +De amica quæ perjuraverat. + + + What, are there gods? herself she hath forswore, + And yet remains the face she had before. + How long her locks were ere her oath she took, + So long they be since she her faith forsook. + Fair white with rose-red was before commixt; + Now shine her looks pure white and red betwixt. + Her foot was small: her foot's form is most fit: + Comely tall was she, comely tall she's yet. + Sharp eyes she had: radiant like stars they be, + By which she, perjured oft, hath lied to[362] me. 10 + In sooth, th' eternal powers grant maids society + Falsely to swear; their beauty hath some deity. + By her eyes, I remember, late she swore, + And by mine eyes, and mine were painèd sore. + Say gods: if she unpunished you deceive, + For other faults why do I loss receive. + But did you not so envy[363] Cepheus' daughter, + For her ill-beauteous mother judged to slaughter. + 'Tis not enough, she shakes your record off, + And, unrevenged, mocked gods with me doth scoff. 20 + But by my pain to purge her perjuries, + Cozened, I am the cozener's sacrifice. + God is a name, no substance, feared in vain, + And doth the world in fond belief detain. + Or if there be a God, he loves fine wenches, + And all things too much in their sole power drenches. + Mars girts his deadly sword on for my harm; + Pallas' lance strikes me with unconquered arm; + At me Apollo bends his pliant bow; + At me Jove's right hand lightning hath to throw. 30 + The wrongèd gods dread fair ones to offend, + And fear those, that to fear them least intend. + Who now will care the altars to perfume? + Tut, men should not their courage so consume. + Jove throws down woods and castles with his fire, + But bids his darts from perjured girls retire. + Poor Semele among so many burned, + Her own request to her own torment turned. + But when her lover came, had she drawn back, + The father's thigh should unborn Bacchus lack. 40 + Why grieve I? and of heaven reproaches pen? + The gods have eyes, and breasts as well as men. + Were I a god, I should give women leave, + With lying lips my godhead to deceive. + Myself would swear the wenches true did swear, + And I would be none of the gods severe. + But yet their gift more moderately use, + Or in mine eyes, good wench, no pain transfuse. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[361] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[362] Old eds. "by." + +[363] + + "At non invidiæ vobis Cephëia virgo est, + Pro male formosa jussa parente mori?" + +("Invidiæ" here means "discredit, odium.") + + + + +ELEGIA IV.[364] + +Ad virum servantem conjugem. + + + Rude man, 'tis vain thy damsel to commend + To keeper's trust: their wits should them defend. + Who, without fear, is chaste, is chaste in sooth: + Who, because means want, doeth not, she doth. + Though thou her body guard, her mind is stained; + Nor, 'less[365] she will, can any be restrained. + Nor can'st by watching keep her mind from sin, + All being shut out, the adulterer is within. + Who may offend, sins least; power to do ill + The fainting seeds of naughtiness doth kill. 10 + Forbear to kindle vice by prohibition; + Sooner shall kindness gain thy will's fruition. + I saw a horse against the bit stiff-necked, + Like lightning go, his struggling mouth being checked: + When he perceived the reins let slack, he stayed, + And on his loose mane the loose bridle laid. + How to attain what is denied we think, + Even as the sick desire forbidden drink. + Argus had either way an hundred eyes, + Yet by deceit Love did them all surprise. 20 + In stone and iron walls Danäe shut, + Came forth a mother, though a maid there put. + Penelope, though no watch looked unto her, + Was not defiled by any gallant wooer. + What's kept, we covet more: the care makes theft, + Few love what others have unguarded left. + Nor doth her face please, but her husband's love: + I know not what men think should thee so move[366] + She is not chaste that's kept, but a dear whore:[367] + Thy fear is than her body valued more. 30 + Although thou chafe, stolen pleasure is sweet play; + She pleaseth best, "I fear," if any say. + A free-born wench, no right 'tis up to lock, + So use we women of strange nations' stock. + Because the keeper may come say, "I did it," + She must be honest to thy servant's credit. + He is too clownish whom a lewd wife grieves, + And this town's well-known custom not believes; + Where Mars his sons not without fault did breed, + Remus and Romulus, Ilia's twin-born seed. 40 + Cannot a fair one, if not chaste, please thee? + Never can these by any means agree. + Kindly thy mistress use, if thou be wise; + Look gently, and rough husbands' laws despise. + Honour what friends thy wife gives, she'll give many, + Least labour so shall win great grace of any. + So shalt thou go with youths to feasts together, + And see at home much that thou ne'er brought'st thither. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[364] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[365] Old eds. "least." ("Nec custodiri, ni velit, ulla potest.") + +[366] The original has "Nescio quid, quod te ceperit, esse putant." + +[367] Dyce calls this line an "erroneous version of 'Non proba sit quam +vir servat, sed adultera; cara est.'" But Merkel's reading is "Non proba +fit quam vir servat, sed adultera cara"--which is accurately rendered by +Marlowe. + + + + +ELEGIA VI.[368] + +Ad amnem dum iter faceret ad amicam. + + + Flood with reed-grown[369] slime banks, till I be past + Thy waters stay: I to my mistress haste. + Thou hast no bridge, nor boat with ropes to throw, + That may transport me, without oars to row. + Thee I have passed, and knew thy stream none such, + When thy wave's brim did scarce my ankles touch. + With snow thawed from the next hill now thou gushest,[370] + And in thy foul deep waters thick thou rushest. + What helps my haste? what to have ta'en small rest? + What day and night to travel in her quest? 10 + If standing here I can by no means get + My foot upon the further bank to set. + Now wish I those wings noble Perseus had, + Bearing the head with dreadful adders[371] clad; + Now wish the chariot, whence corn fields were found, + First to be thrown upon the untilled ground: + I speak old poet's wonderful inventions, + Ne'er was, nor [e'er] shall be, what my verse mentions. + Rather, thou large bank-overflowing river, + Slide in thy bounds; so shalt thou run for ever. 20 + Trust me, land-stream, thou shalt no envy lack, + If I a lover be by thee held back. + Great floods ought to assist young men in love, + Great floods the force of it do often prove. + In mid Bithynia,[372] 'tis said, Inachus + Grew pale, and, in cold fords, hot lecherous. + Troy had not yet been ten years' siege out stander, + When nymph Neæra rapt thy looks, Scamander. + What, not Alpheus in strange lands to run, + The Arcadian virgin's constant love hath won? 30 + And Creusa unto Xanthus first affied, + They say Peneus near Phthia's town did hide. + What should I name Asop,[373] that Thebe loved, + Thebe who mother of five daughters proved, + If, Achelöus, I ask where thy horns stand, + Thou say'st, broke with Alcides' angry hand. + Not Calydon, nor Ætolia did please; + One Deianira was more worth than these. + Rich Nile by seven mouths to the vast sea flowing, + Who so well keeps his water's head from knowing, 40 + Is by Evadne thought to take such flame, + As his deep whirlpools could not quench the same. + Dry Enipeus, Tyro to embrace, + Fly back his stream[374] charged; the stream charged, gave place. + Nor pass I thee, who hollow rocks down tumbling, + In Tibur's field with watery foam art rumbling. + Whom Ilia pleased, though in her looks grief revelled, + Her cheeks were scratched, her goodly hairs dishevelled. + She, wailing Mar's sin and her uncle's crime, + Strayed barefoot through sole places[375] on a time. 50 + Her, from his swift waves, the bold flood perceived, + And from the mid ford his hoarse voice upheaved, + Saying, "Why sadly tread'st my banks upon, + Ilia sprung from Idæan Laomedon? + Where's thy attire? why wanderest here alone? + To stay thy tresses white veil hast thou none? + Why weep'st and spoil'st with tears thy watery eyes? + And fiercely knock'st thy breast that open lies? + His heart consists of flint and hardest steel, + That seeing thy tears can any joy then feel. 60 + Fear not: to thee our court stands open wide, + There shalt be loved: Ilia, lay fear aside. + Thou o'er a hundred nymphs or more shalt reign, + For five score nymphs or more our floods contain. + Nor, Roman stock, scorn me so much I crave, + Gifts than my promise greater thou shalt have."[376] + This said he: she her modest eyes held down. + Her woful bosom a warm shower did drown. + Thrice she prepared to fly, thrice she did stay, + By fear deprived of strength to run away. 70 + Yet rending with enragèd thumb her tresses, + Her trembling mouth these unmeet sounds expresses: + "O would in my forefathers' tomb deep laid, + My bones had been while yet I was a maid: + Why being a vestal am I wooed to wed, + Deflowered and stainèd in unlawful bed. + Why stay I? men point at me for a whore, + Shame, that should make me blush, I have no more." + This said; her coat hoodwinked her fearful eyes, + And into water desperately she flies. 80 + 'Tis said the slippery stream held up her breast, + And kindly gave her what she likèd best. + And I believe some wench thou hast affected, + But woods and groves keep your faults undetected. + While thus I speak the waters more abounded, + And from the channel all abroad surrounded. + Mad stream, why dost our mutual joys defer? + Clown, from my journey why dost me deter? + How would'st thou flow wert thou a noble flood? + If thy great fame in every region stood? 90 + Thou hast no name, but com'st from snowy mountains; + No certain house thou hast, nor any fountains; + Thy springs are nought but rain and melted snow, + Which wealth cold winter doth on thee bestow. + Either thou art muddy in mid-winter tide, + Or full of dust dost on the dry earth slide. + What thirsty traveller ever drunk of thee? + Who said with grateful voice, "Perpetual be!" + Harmful to beasts, and to the fields thou proves, + Perchance these[377] others, me mine own loss moves. 100 + To this I fondly[378] loves of floods told plainly, + I shame so great names to have used so vainly. + I know not what expecting, I ere while, + Named Achelöus, Inachus, and Nile.[379] + But for thy merits I wish thee, white stream,[380] + Dry winters aye, and suns in heat extreme. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[368] Not in Isham copy or ed. A.--In the old copies this elegy is +marked "Elegia v." The fifth elegy (beginning "Nox erat et somnus," &c.) +was not contained in Marlowe's copy. + +[369] Old eds. "redde-growne." + +[370] So Dyce for "rushest" of the old eds. + +[371] So Dyce for "arrowes" of the old eds. + +[372] The original has "Inachus in Melie Bithynide pallidus isse." +&c.--Dyce suggests that Marlowe's copy had "in _media_ Bithynide." + +[373] Old eds. "Aesope." + +[374] Old eds. "shame." + +[375] "Loca sola." + +[376] The original has "Desit famosus qui notet ora pudor" (or "Desint +... quae," &c.) + +[377] "Forsitan haec alios, me mea damna movent." + +[378] "Demens." + +[379] Old eds. "Ile." + +[380] Marlowe read "nunc candide" for "non candide." + + + + +ELEGIA VII. + +Quod ab amica receptus, cum ea coire non potuit, conqueritur. + + + Either she was foul, or her attire was bad, + Or she was not the wench I wished to have had. + Idly I lay with her, as if I loved not, + And like a burden grieved the bed that moved not. + Though both of us performed our true intent, + Yet could I not cast anchor where I meant. + She on my neck her ivory arms did throw, + Her[381] arms far whiter than the Scythian snow. + And eagerly she kissed me with her tongue, + And under mine her wanton thigh she flung, 10 + Yea, and she soothed me up, and called me "Sir,"[382] + And used all speech that might provoke and stir. + Yet like as if cold hemlock I had drunk, + It mockèd me, hung down the head and sunk. + Like a dull cipher, or rude block I lay, + Or shade, or body was I, who can say? + What will my age do, age I cannot shun, + Seeing[383] in my prime my force is spent and done? + I blush, that being youthful, hot, and lusty, + I prove neither youth nor man, but old and rusty. 20 + Pure rose she, like a nun to sacrifice, + Or one that with her tender brother lies. + Yet boarded I the golden Chie[384] twice, + And Libas, and the white-cheeked Pitho thrice. + Corinna craved it in a summer's night, + And nine sweet bouts had we[385] before daylight. + What, waste my limbs through some Thessalian charms? + May spells and drugs do silly souls such harms? + With virgin wax hath some imbast[386] my joints? + And pierced my liver with sharp needle-points?[387] 30 + Charms change corn to grass and make it die: + By charms are running springs and fountains dry. + By charms mast drops from oaks, from vines grapes fall, + And fruit from trees when there's no wind at all. + Why might not then my sinews be enchanted? + And I grow faint as with some spirit haunted? + To this, add shame: shame to perform it quailed me, + And was the second cause why vigour failed me. + My idle thoughts delighted her no more, + Than did the robe or garment which she wore. 40 + Yet might her touch make youthful Pylius fire, + And Tithon livelier than his years require. + Even her I had, and she had me in vain, + What might I crave more, if I ask again? + I think the great gods grieved they had bestowed, + This[388] benefit: which lewdly[389] I foreslowed.[390] + I wished to be received in, in[391] I get me. + To kiss, I kiss;[392] to lie with her, she let me. + Why was I blest? why made king to refuse[393] it? + Chuff-like had I not gold and could not use it? 50 + So in a spring thrives he that told so much,[394] + And looks upon the fruits he cannot touch. + Hath any rose so from a fresh young maid, + As she might straight have gone to church and prayed? + Well, I believe, she kissed not as she should, + Nor used the sleight and[395] cunning which she could. + Huge oaks, hard adamants might she have moved, + And with sweet words caus[ed] deaf rocks to have loved. + Worthy she was to move both gods and men, + But neither was I man nor livèd then. 60 + Can deaf ears[396] take delight when Phæmius sings? + Or Thamyris in curious painted things? + What sweet thought is there but I had the same? + And one gave place still as another came. + Yet notwithstanding, like one dead it lay, + Drooping more than a rose pulled yesterday. + Now, when he should not jet, he bolts upright, + And craves his task, and seeks to be at fight. + Lie down with shame, and see thou stir no more. + Seeing thou[397] would'st deceive me as before. 70 + Thou cozenest me: by thee surprised am I, + And bide sore loss[398] with endless infamy. + Nay more, the wench did not disdain a whit + To take it in her hand, and play with it. + But when she saw it would by no means stand, + But still drooped down, regarding not her hand, + "Why mock'st thou me," she cried, "or being ill, + Who bade thee lie down here against thy will? + Either thou art witched with blood of frogs[399] new dead, + Or jaded cam'st thou from some other's bed." 80 + With that, her loose gown on, from me she cast her; + In skipping out her naked feet much graced her. + And lest her maid should know of this disgrace, + To cover it, spilt water in the place. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[381] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A:-- + + "That were as white as is the Scithian snow." + +[382] "Dominumque vocavit." + +[383] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "When." + +[384] "Flava Chlide." + +[385] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "we had." + +[386] The verb "embase" or "imbase" is frequently found in the sense of +"abase." Here the meaning seems to be "weakened, enfeebled." (Ovid's +words are "Sagave poenicea defixit nomina cera.") + +[387] So Isham copy and ed. A ("needle points").--Eds. B, C "needles' +points." + +[388] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "The." + +[389] "Turpiter." + +[390] Neglected. + +[391] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy "received in, _and_ in I _got_ me." + +[392] So old eds.--Dyce reads "kiss'd." + +[393] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "and refusde it." + +[394] "Sic aret mediis taciti vulgator in undis." + +[395] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "nor." + +[396] Isham copy "yeares;" ed. A "yeres;" eds. B, C "eare." + +[397] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "Seeing now thou." + +[398] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "great hurt." + +[399] The original has "Aut te trajectis Aeaea venefica _lanis_," &c. +(As Dyce remarks, Marlowe read "ranis.") + + + + +ELEGIA VIII.[400] + +Quod ad amica non recipiatur, dolet. + + + What man will now take liberal arts in hand, + Or think soft verse in any stead to stand? + Wit was sometimes more precious than gold; + Now poverty great barbarism we hold. + When our books did my mistress fair content, + I might not go whither my papers went. + She praised me, yet the gate shut fast upon her, + I here and there go, witty with dishonour. + See a rich chuff, whose wounds great wealth inferred, + For bloodshed knighted, before me preferred. 10 + Fool, can'st thou him in thy white arms embrace? + Fool, can'st thou lie in his enfolding space? + Know'st not this head[401] a helm was wont to bear? + This side that serves thee, a sharp sword did wear. + His left hand, whereon gold doth ill alight, + A target bore: blood-sprinkled was his right. + Can'st touch that hand wherewith some one lies dead? + Ah, whither is thy breast's soft nature fled? + Behold the signs of ancient fight, his scars! + Whate'er he hath, his body gained in wars. 20 + Perhaps he'll tell how oft he slew a man, + Confessing this, why dost thou touch him than?[402] + I, the pure priest of Phoebus and the Muses, + At thy deaf doors in verse sing my abuses. + Not what we slothful know,[403] let wise men learn, + But follow trembling camps and battles stern. + And for a good verse draw the first dart forth:[404] + Homer without this shall be nothing worth. + Jove, being admonished gold had sovereign power, + To win the maid came in a golden shower. 30 + Till then, rough was her father, she severe, + The posts of brass, the walls of iron were. + But when in gifts the wise adulterer came, + She held her lap ope to receive the same. + Yet when old Saturn heaven's rule possest, + All gain in darkness the deep earth supprest. + Gold, silver, iron's heavy weight, and brass, + In hell were harboured; here was found no mass. + But better things it gave, corn without ploughs, + Apples, and honey in oaks' hollow boughs. 40 + With strong ploughshares no man the earth did cleave, + The ditcher no marks on the ground did leave. + Nor hanging oars the troubled seas did sweep, + Men kept the shore and sailed not into deep. + Against thyself, man's nature, thou wert cunning, + And to thine own loss was thy wit swift running. + Why gird'st thy cities with a towerèd wall, + Why let'st discordant hands to armour fall? + What dost with seas? with th' earth thou wert content; + Why seek'st not heaven, the third realm, to frequent? 50 + Heaven thou affects: with Romulus, temples brave, + Bacchus, Alcides, and now Cæsar have. + Gold from the earth instead of fruits we pluck; + Soldiers by blood to be enriched have luck. + Courts shut the poor out; wealth gives estimation. + Thence grows the judge, and knight of reputation. + All,[405] they possess: they govern fields and laws, + They manage peace and raw war's bloody jaws. + Only our loves let not such rich churls gain: + 'Tis well if some wench for the poor remain. 60 + Now, Sabine-like, though chaste she seems to live, + One her[406] commands, who many things can give. + For me, she doth keeper[407] and husband fear, + If I should give, both would the house forbear. + If of scorned lovers god be venger just, + O let him change goods so ill-got to dust. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[400] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[401] So ed. B.--Ed. C "his." ("Caput _hoc_ galeam portare solebat.") + +[402] Then. + +[403] Old eds. knew. + +[404] Marlowe has quite mistaken the meaning of the original "Proque +bono versu primum deducite pilum." + +[405] A very loose rendering of Ovid's couplet-- + + "Omnia possideant; illis Campusque Forumque + Serviat; hi pacem crudaque bella gerant." + +[406] So Dyce for "she" of the old eds. ("Imperat ut captae qui dare +multa potest.") + +[407] The original has "Me prohibet custos: in me timet illa maritum." + + + + +ELEGIA IX.[408] + +Tibulli mortem deflet. + + + If Thetis and the Morn their sons did wail, + And envious Fates great goddesses assail; + Sad Elegy,[409] thy woful hairs unbind: + Ah, now a name too true thou hast I find. + Tibullus, thy work's poet, and thy fame, + Burns his dead body in the funeral flame. + Lo, Cupid brings his quiver spoilèd quite, + His broken bow, his firebrand without light! + How piteously with drooping wings he stands, + And knocks his bare breast with self-angry hands. 10 + The locks spread on his neck receive his tears, + And shaking sobs his mouth for speeches bears. + So[410] at Æneas' burial, men report, + Fair-faced Ilus, he went forth thy court. + And Venus grieves, Tibullus' life being spent, + As when the wild boar Adon's groin had rent. + The gods' care we are called, and men of piety, + And some there be that think we have a deity. + Outrageous death profanes all holy things, + And on all creatures obscure darkness brings. 20 + To Thracian Orpheus what did parents good? + Or songs amazing wild beasts of the wood? + Where[411] Linus by his father Phoebus laid, + To sing with his unequalled harp is said. + See Homer from whose fountain ever filled + Pierian dew to poets is distilled: + Him the last day in black Avern hath drowned: + Verses alone are with continuance crowned. + The work of poets lasts: Troy's labour's fame, + And that slow web night's falsehood did unframe. 30 + So Nemesis, so Delia famous are, + The one his first love, th' other his new care. + What profit to us hath our pure life bred? + What to have lain alone in empty bed? + When bad Fates take good men, I am forbod + By secret thoughts to think there is a God. + Live godly, thou shalt die; though honour heaven, + Yet shall thy life be forcibly bereaven. + Trust in good verse, Tibullus feels death's pains, + Scarce rests of all what a small urn contains. 40 + Thee, sacred poet, could sad flames destroy? + Nor fearèd they thy body to annoy? + The holy gods' gilt temples they might fire, + That durst to so great wickedness aspire. + Eryx' bright empress turned her looks aside, + And some, that she refrained tears, have denied. + Yet better is't, than if Corcyra's Isle, + Had thee unknown interred in ground most vile. + Thy dying eyes here did thy mother close, + Nor did thy ashes her last offerings lose. 50 + Part of her sorrow here thy sister bearing, + Comes forth, her unkembed[412] locks asunder tearing. + Nemesis and thy first wench join their kisses + With thine, nor this last fire their presence misses. + Delia departing, "Happier loved," she saith, + "Was I: thou liv'dst, while thou esteem'dst my faith." + Nemesis answers, "What's my loss to thee? + His fainting hand in death engraspèd me." + If aught remains of us but name and spirit, + Tibullus doth Elysium's joy inherit. 60 + Their youthful brows with ivy girt to meet him, + With Calvus learned Catullus comes, and greet him; + And thou, if falsely charged to wrong thy friend, + Callus, that car'dst[413] not blood and life to spend, + With these thy soul walks: souls if death release, + The godly[414] sweet Tibullus doth increase. + Thy bones, I pray, may in the urn safe rest, + And may th' earth's weight thy ashes naught molest. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[408] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[409] Ed. B "Eeliga"--Ed. C "Elegia." + +[410] + + "Fratris in Aeneae sic illum funere dicunt + Egressum tectis, pulcher Iule, tuis." + +[411] The original has-- + + "Aelinon in silvis idem pater, aelinon, altis + Dicitur invita concinuisse lyra." + +In Marlowe's copy the couplet must have been very different. + +[412] Old eds. "vnkeembe" and "unkeemb'd." + +[413] Old eds. "carst." + +[414] "Auxisti numeros, culte Tibulle, pios." + + + + +ELEGIA X.[415] + +Ad Cererem, conquerens quod ejus sacris cum amica concumbere non +permittatur. + + + Come were the times of Ceres' sacrifice; + In empty bed alone my mistress lies. + Golden-haired Ceres crowned with ears of corn, + Why are our pleasures by thy means forborne? + Thee, goddess, bountiful all nations judge, + Nor less at man's prosperity any grudge. + Rude husbandmen baked not their corn before, + Nor on the earth was known the name of floor.[416] + On mast of oaks, first oracles, men fed; + This was their meat, the soft grass was their bed. 10 + First Ceres taught the seed in fields to swell, + And ripe-eared corn with sharp-edged scythes to fell. + She first constrained bulls' necks to bear the yoke, + And untilled ground with crooked ploughshares broke. + Who thinks her to be glad at lovers' smart, + And worshipped by their pain and lying apart? + Nor is she, though she loves the fertile fields, + A clown, nor no love from her warm breast yields: + Be witness Crete (nor Crete doth all things feign) + Crete proud that Jove her nursery maintain. 20 + There, he who rules the world's star-spangled towers, + A little boy drunk teat-distilling showers. + Faith to the witness Jove's praise doth apply; + Ceres, I think, no known fault will deny. + The goddess saw Iasion on Candian Ide, + With strong hand striking wild beasts' bristled hide. + She saw, and as her marrow took the flame, + Was divers ways distract with love and shame. + Love conquered shame, the furrows dry were burned, + And corn with least part of itself returned. 30 + When well-tossed mattocks did the ground prepare, + Being fit-broken with the crooked share, + And seeds were equally in large fields cast, + The ploughman's hopes were frustrate at the last. + The grain-rich goddess in high woods did stray, + Her long hair's ear-wrought garland fell away. + Only was Crete fruitful that plenteous year; + Where Ceres went, each place was harvest there. + Ida, the seat of groves, did sing[417] with corn, + Which by the wild boar in the woods was shorn. 40 + Law-giving Minos did such years desire, + And wished the goddess long might feel love's fire. + Ceres, what sports[418] to thee so grievous were, + As in thy sacrifice we them forbear? + Why am I sad, when Proserpine is found, + And Juno-like with Dis reigns under ground? + Festival days ask Venus, songs, and wine, + These gifts are meet to please the powers divine. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[415] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[416] Threshing-floor ("area"). + +[417] Marlowe has made the school-boy's mistake of confusing "caneo" and +"cano." + +[418] The original has + + "Quod tibi secubitus tristes, dea flava, fuissent, + Hoc cogor sacris nunc ego ferre tuis." + +Marlowe appears to have read "Qui tibi concubitus," &c. + + + + +ELEGIA XI.[419] + +Ad amicam a cujus amore discedere non potest. + + + Long have I borne much, mad thy faults me make; + Dishonest love, my wearied breast forsake! + Now have I freed myself, and fled the chain, + And what I have borne, shame to bear again. + We vanquish, and tread tamed love under feet, + Victorious wreaths[420] at length my temples greet. + Suffer, and harden: good grows by this grief, + Oft bitter juice brings to the sick relief. + I have sustained, so oft thrust from the door, + To lay my body on the hard moist floor. 10 + I know not whom thou lewdly didst embrace, + When I to watch supplied a servant's place. + I saw when forth a tirèd lover went. + His side past service, and his courage spent, + Yet this is less than if he had seen me; + May that shame fall mine enemies' chance to be. + When have not I, fixed to thy side, close laid? + I have thy husband, guard, and fellow played. + The people by my company she pleased; + My love was cause that more men's love she seized. 20 + What, should I tell her vain tongue's filthy lies, + And, to my loss, god-wronging perjuries? + What secret becks in banquets with her youths, + With privy signs, and talk dissembling truths? + Hearing her to be sick, I thither ran, + But with my rival sick she was not than. + These hardened me, with what I keep obscure:[421] + Some other seek, who will these things endure. + Now my ship in the wishèd haven crowned, + With joy hears Neptune's swelling waters sound. 30 + Leave thy once-powerful words, and flatteries, + I am not as I was before, unwise. + Now love and hate my light breast each way move, + But victory, I think, will hap to love. + I'll hate, if I can; if not, love 'gainst my will, + Bulls hate the yoke, yet what they hate have still. + I fly her lust, but follow beauty's creature, + I loathe her manners, love her body's feature. + Nor with thee, nor without thee can I live, + And doubt to which desire the palm to give. 40 + Or less fair, or less lewd would thou might'st be: + Beauty with lewdness doth right ill agree. + Her deeds gain hate, her face entreateth love; + Ah, she doth more worth than her vices prove! + Spare me, oh, by our fellow bed, by all + The gods, who by thee, to be perjured fall.[422] + And by thy face to me a power divine, + And by thine eyes, whose radiance burns out mine! + Whate'er thou art, mine art thou: choose this course, + Wilt have me willing, or to love by force. 50 + Rather I'll hoist up sail, and use the wind, + That I may love yet, though against my mind. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[419] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[420] The original has "Venerunt capiti cornua sera meo." + +[421] "Et que taceo." + +[422] "Qui dant fallendos se tibi saepe, deos." + + + + +ELEGIA XII.[423] + +Dolet amicam suam ita suis carminibus innotuisse ut rivales multos sibi +pararit. + + + What day was that, which all sad haps to bring, + White birds to lovers did not[424] always sing? + Or is I think my wish against the stars? + Or shall I plain some god against me wars? + Who mine was called, whom I loved more than any, + I fear with me is common now to many. + Err I? or by my books[425] is she so known? + 'Tis so: by my wit her abuse is grown. + And justly: for her praise why did I tell? + The wench by my fault is set forth to sell. 10 + The bawd I play, lovers to her I guide: + Her gate by my hands is set open wide. + 'Tis doubtful whether verse avail or harm, + Against my good they were an envious charm. + When Thebes, when Troy, when Cæsar should be writ, + Alone Corinna moves my wanton wit. + With Muse opposed, would I my lines had done, + And Phoebus had forsook my work begun! + Nor, as use will not poets' record hear, + Would I my words would any credit bear. 20 + Scylla by us her father's rich hair steals, + And Scylla's womb mad raging dogs conceals. + We cause feet fly, we mingle hares with snakes, + Victorious Perseus a winged steed's back takes. + Our verse great Tityus a huge space outspreads, + And gives the viper-curlèd dog three heads. + We make Enceladus use a thousand arms, + And men enthralled by mermaid's[426] singing charms. + The east winds in Ulysses' bags we shut, + And blabbing Tantalus in mid-waters put. 30 + Niobe flint, Callist we make a bear, + Bird-changèd Progne doth her Itys tear.[427] + Jove turns himself into a swan, or gold, + Or his bull's horns Europa's hand doth hold. + Proteus what should I name? teeth, Thebes' first seed? + Oxen in whose mouths burning flames did breed? + Heaven-star, Electra,[428] that bewailed her sisters? + The ships, whose godhead in the sea now glisters? + The sun turned back from Atreus' cursed table? 39 + And sweet-touched harp that to move stones was able? + Poets' large power is boundless and immense, + Nor have their words true history's pretence. + And my wench ought to have seemed falsely praised, + Now your credulity harm to me hath raised. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[423] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[424] Marlowe has put his negative in the wrong place and made nonsense +of the couplet:-- + + "Quis fuit ille dies quo tristia semper amanti + Omina non albae concinuistis aves?" + +[425] Old eds. "lookes." + +[426] "Ambiguae captos virginis ore viros." ("Ambigua virgo" is the +sphinx.) + +[427] The original has "_Concinit_ Odrysium Cecropis ales Ityn." + +[428] Marlowe's copy must have been very corrupt here. The true reading +is + + "Flere genis electra tuas, auriga, sorores?" + + + + +ELEGIA XIII.[429] + +De Junonis festo. + + + When fruit-filled Tuscia should a wife give me, + We touched the walls, Camillus, won by thee. + The priests to Juno did prepare chaste feasts, + With famous pageants, and their home-bred beasts. + To know their rites well recompensed my stay, + Though thither leads a rough steep hilly way. + There stands an old wood with thick trees dark clouded: + Who sees it grants some deity there is shrouded. + An altar takes men's incense and oblation, + An altar made after the ancient fashion. 10 + Here, when the pipe with solemn tunes doth sound, + The annual pomp goes on the covered[430] ground. + White heifers by glad people forth are led, + Which with the grass of Tuscan fields are fed, + And calves from whose feared front no threatening flies, + And little pigs, base hogsties' sacrifice, + And rams with horns their hard heads wreathèd back; + Only the goddess-hated goat did lack, + By whom disclosed, she in the high woods took, + Is said to have attempted flight forsook. 20 + Now[431] is the goat brought through the boys with darts, + And give[n] to him that the first wound imparts. + Where Juno comes, each youth and pretty maid, + Show[432] large ways, with their garments there displayed. + Jewels and gold their virgin tresses crown, + And stately robes to their gilt feet hang down. + As is the use, the nuns in white veils clad, + Upon their heads the holy mysteries had. + When the chief pomp comes, loud[433] the people hollow; + And she her vestal virgin priests doth follow. 30 + Such was the Greek pomp, Agamemnon dead; + Which fact[434] and country wealth, Halesus fled. + And having wandered now through sea and land, + Built walls high towered with a prosperous hand. + He to th' Hetrurians Juno's feast commended: + Let me and them by it be aye befriended. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[429] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[430] "It per velatas annua pompa vias." + +[431] + + "Nunc quoque per pueros jaculis incessitur index + Et pretium auctori vulneris ipsa datur." + +[432] "Praeverrunt latas veste jacente vias."--Dyce remarks that Marlowe +read "Praebuerant." + +[433] "Ore favent populi." (In Henry's monumental edition of Virgil's +Æneid, vol. iii. pp. 25-27, there is a very interesting note on the +meaning of the formula "ore favete." He denies the correctness of the +ordinary interpretation "be silent.") + +[434] "Et _scelus_ et patrias fugit Halæsus opes." + + + + +ELEGIA XIV. + +Ad amicam, si peccatura est, ut occulte peccet. + + + Seeing thou art fair, I bar not thy false playing, + But let not me, poor soul, know[435] of thy straying. + Nor do I give thee counsel to live chaste, + But that thou would'st dissemble, when 'tis past. + She hath not trod awry, that doth deny it. + Such as confess have lost their good names by it. + What madness is't to tell night-pranks[436] by day? + And[437] hidden secrets openly to bewray? + The strumpet with the stranger will not do, + Before the room be clear and door put-to. 10 + Will you make shipwreck of your honest name, + And let the world be witness of the same? + Be more advised, walk as a puritan, + And I shall think you chaste, do what you can. + Slip still, only deny it when 'tis done, + And, before folk,[438] immodest speeches shun. + The bed is for lascivious toyings meet, + There use all tricks,[439] and tread shame under feet. + When you are up and dressed, be sage and grave, + And in the bed hide all the faults you have. 20 + Be not ashamed to strip you, being there, + And mingle thighs, yours ever mine to bear.[440] + There in your rosy lips my tongue entomb, + Practise a thousand sports when there you come. + Forbear no wanton words you there would speak, + And with your pastime let the bedstead creak; + But with your robes put on an honest face, + And blush, and seem as you were full of grace. + Deceive all; let me err; and think I'm right, + And like a wittol think thee void of slight. 30 + Why see I lines so oft received and given? + This bed and that by tumbling made uneven? + Like one start up your hair tost and displaced, + And with a wanton's tooth your neck new-rased. + Grant this, that what you do I may not see; + If you weigh not ill speeches, yet weigh me. + My soul fleets[441] when I think what you have done, + And thorough[442] every vein doth cold blood run. + Then thee whom I must love, I hate in vain, + And would be dead, but dead[443] with thee remain. 40 + I'll not sift much, but hold thee soon excused. + Say but thou wert injuriously accused. + Though while the deed be doing you be took, + And I see when you ope the two-leaved book,[444] + Swear I was blind; deny[445] if you be wise, + And I will trust your words more than mine eyes. + From him that yields, the palm[446] is quickly got, + Teach but your tongue to say, "I did it not," + And being justified by two words, think + The cause acquits you not, but I[447] that wink. 50 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[435] So Isham copy and eds. B, C.--Ed. A "wit." + +[436] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "night-sports." + +[437] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "Or." + +[438] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "people." + +[439] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "toyes." + +[440] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "mine ever yours." + +[441] "Mens abit." + +[442] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "through." + +[443] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "dying." + +[444] The original has + + "Et fuerint oculis probra videnda meis." + +[445] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "yeeld not." + +[446] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "garland." + +[447] So Isham copy and eds. A, B.--Ed. C "that I." + + + + +ELEGIA XV.[448] + +Ad Venerem, quod elegis finem imponat. + + + Tender Loves' mother[449] a new poet get, + This last end to my Elegies is set.[450] + Which I, Peligny's foster-child, have framed, + Nor am I by such wanton toys defamed. + Heir of an ancient house, if help that can, + Not only by war's rage[451] made gentleman. + In Virgil Mantua joys: in Catull Verone; + Of me Peligny's nation boasts alone; + Whom liberty to honest arms compelled, + When careful Rome in doubt their prowess held.[452] 10 + And some guest viewing watery Sulmo's walls, + Where little ground to be enclosed befalls, + "How such a poet could you bring forth?" says: + "How small soe'er, I'll you for greatest praise." + Both loves, to whom my heart long time did yield,[453] + Your golden ensigns pluck[454] out of my field. + Horned Bacchus graver fury doth distil, + A greater ground with great horse is to till. + Weak Elegies, delightful Muse, farewell; + A work that, after my death, here shall dwell. 20 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[448] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[449] "Tenerorum mater amorum." + +[450] "Marlowe's copy of Ovid had 'Traditur haec elegis ultima charta +meis.'"--Dyce. (The true reading is "Raditur hic ... meta meis.") + +[451] "Non modo militiae turbine factus eques." + +[452] "Cum timuit socias anxia turba manus." + +[453] "Marlowe's copy of Ovid had 'Culte puer, puerique parens _mihi +tempore longo_.' (instead of what we now read 'Amathusia +culti.')"--Dyce. + +[454] Old eds. "pluckt." + + + + +EPIGRAMS BY J[OHN] D[AVIES]. + + + + +EPIGRAMS BY J[OHN] D[AVIES].[455] + + + + +AD MUSAM. I. + + + Fly, merry Muse, unto that merry town, + Where thou mayst plays, revels, and triumphs see; + The house of fame, and theatre of renown, + Where all good wits and spirits love to be. + Fall in between their hands that praise and love thee,[456] + And be to them a laughter and a jest: + But as for them which scorning shall reprove[457] thee, + Disdain their wits, and think thine own the best. + But if thou find any so gross and dull, + That thinks I do to private taxing[458] lean, 10 + Bid him go hang, for he is but a gull, + And knows not what an epigram doth[459] mean, + Which taxeth,[460] under a particular name, + A general vice which merits public blame. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[455] Dyce has carefully recorded the readings of a MS. copy (_Harl. +MS._ 1836) of the present epigrams. As in most cases the variations are +unimportant, I have not thought it necessary to reproduce Dyce's +elaborate collation. Where the MS. readings are distinctly preferable I +have adopted them; but in such cases I have been careful to record the +readings of the printed copies. + +[456] So Dyce.--Old eds. "loue and praise thee;" MS. "Seeme to love +thee." + +[457] So Isham copy and MS. Ed. A "approve." + +[458] Censuring. Dyce compares the Induction to the _Knight of the +Burning Pestle_:-- + + "Fly far from hence + All _private taxes_." + +[459] So MS.--Old eds. "does." + +[460] MS. "Which carrieth under a peculiar name." + + + + +OF A GULL. II. + + + Oft in my laughing rhymes I name a gull; + But this new term will many questions breed; + Therefore at first I will express at full, + Who is a true and perfect gull indeed. + A gull is he who fears a velvet gown, + And, when a wench is brave, dares not speak to her; + A gull is he which traverseth the town, + And is for marriage known a common wooer; + A gull is he which, while he proudly wears + A silver-hilted rapier by his side, 10 + Endures the lie[461] and knocks about the ears, + Whilst in his sheath his sleeping sword doth bide; + A gull is he which wears good handsome clothes, + And stands in presence stroking up his hair, + And fills up his unperfect speech with oaths, + But speaks not one wise word throughout the year: + But, to define a gull in terms precise,-- + A gull is he which seems and is not wise.[462] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[461] So MS.--Old eds. "lies." + +[462] "To this epigram there is an evident allusion in the following one + + 'TO CANDIDUS. + Friend Candidus, thou often doost demaund + What humours men by gulling understand. + Our English Martiall hath full pleasantly + In his close nips describde a gull to thee: + I'le follow him, and set downe my conceit + What a gull is--oh, word of much receit! + He is a gull whose indiscretion + Cracks his purse-strings to be in fashion; + He is a gull who is long in taking roote + In barraine soyle where can be but small fruite; + He is a gull who runnes himselfe in debt + For twelue dayes' wonder, hoping so to get; + He is a gull whose conscience is a block, + Not to take interest, but wastes his stock; + He is a gull who cannot haue a whore, + But brags how much he spends upon her score; + He is a gull that for commoditie + Payes tenne times ten, and sells the same for three; + He is a gull who, passing finicall, + Peiseth each word to be rhetoricall; + And, to conclude, who selfe-conceitedly + Thinks al men guls, ther's none more gull then he.' + + Guilpin's _Skialetheia, &c._ 1598, _Epig._ 20." + --_Dyce._ + + + + +IN REFUM. III. + + + Rufus the courtier, at the theatre, + Leaving the best and most conspicuous place, + Doth either to the stage[463] himself transfer, + Or through a grate[464] doth show his double face, + For that the clamorous fry of Inns of Court + Fill up the private rooms of greater price, + And such a place where all may have resort + He in his singularity doth despise. + Yet doth not his particular humour shun + The common stews and brothels of the town, 10 + Though all the world in troops do thither run, + Clean and unclean, the gentle and the clown: + Then why should Rufus in his pride abhor + A common seat, that loves a common whore? + +FOOTNOTES: + +[463] It was a common practice for gallants to sit upon hired stools in +the stage, especially at the private theatres. From the _Induction_ to +Marston's _Malcontent_ it appears that the custom was not tolerated at +some of the public theatres. The ordinary charge for the use of a stool +was sixpence. + +[464] Malone was no doubt right in supposing that there is here an +allusion to the "private boxes" placed at each side of the balcony at +the back of the stage. They must have been very dark and uncomfortable. +In the _Gull's Horn-Book_ Dekker says that "much new Satin was there +dampned by being smothered to death in darkness." + + + + +IN QUINTUM. IV. + + + Quintus the dancer useth evermore + His feet in measure and in rule to move: + Yet on a time he call'd his mistress _whore_, + And thought with that sweet word to win her love. + O, had his tongue like to his feet been taught, + It never would have utter'd such a thought! + + + + +IN PLURIMOS. V.[465] + + + Faustinus, Sextus, Cinna, Ponticus, + With Gella, Lesbia, Thais, Rhodope, + Rode all to Staines,[466] for no cause serious, + But for their mirth and for their lechery. + Scarce were they settled in their lodging, when + Wenches with wenches, men with men fell out, + Men with their wenches, wenches with their men; + Which straight dissolves[467] this ill-assembled rout. + But since the devil brought them thus together, + To my discoursing thoughts it is a wonder, 10 + Why presently as soon as they came thither, + The self-same devil did them part asunder. + Doubtless, it seems, it was a foolish devil, + That thus did part them ere they did some evil. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[465] MS. "In meritriculas Londinensis." + +[466] MS. "Ware." + +[467] MS. "dissolv'd" + + + + +IN TITUM. VI. + + + Titus, the brave and valorous young gallant, + Three years together in his town hath been; + Yet my Lord Chancellor's[468] tomb he hath not seen, + Nor the new water-work,[469] nor the elephant. + I cannot tell the cause without a smile,-- + He hath been in the Counter all this while. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[468] Sir Christopher Hatton's tomb. See Dugdale's _History of St. +Paul's Cathedral_, ed. 1658, p. 83. + +[469] "The new water-work was at London Bridge. The elephant was an +object of great wonder and long remembered. A curious illustration of +this is found in the _Metamorphosis of the Walnut Tree of Borestall_, +written about 1645, when the poet [William Basse] brings trees of all +descriptions to the funeral, particularly a gigantic oak-- + + "The youth of these our times that did behold + This motion strange of this unwieldy plant + Now boldly brag with us that are men old, + That of our age they no advantage want, + Though in our youth we saw an elephant." + --_Cunningham_. + + + + +IN FAUSTUM. VII. + + + Faustus, nor lord nor knight, nor wise nor old, + To every place about the town doth ride; + He rides into the fields[470] plays to behold, + He rides to take boat at the water-side, + He rides to Paul's, he rides to th' ordinary, + He rides unto the house of bawdry too,-- + Thither his horse so often doth him carry, + That shortly he will quite forget to go. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[470] See the admirable account of "The Theatre and Curtain" in Mr. +Halliwell-Phillipps' _Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare_, ed. 3, pp. +385-433. It is there shown that the access to the _Theatre_ play-house +was through Finsbury Fields to the west of the western boundary-wall of +the grounds of the dissolved Holywell Priory. + + + + +IN KATAM.[471] VIII. + + + Kate, being pleas'd, wish'd that her pleasure could + Endure as long as a buff-jerkin would. + Content thee, Kate; although thy pleasure wasteth, + Thy pleasure's place like a buff-jerkin lasteth, + For no buff-jerkin hath been oftener worn, + Nor hath more scrapings or more dressings borne. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[471] Not in MS. + + + + +IN LIBRUM. IX. + + + Liber doth vaunt how chastely he hath liv'd + Since he hath been in town, seven years[472] and more, + For that he swears he hath four only swiv'd, + A maid, a wife, a widow, and a whore: + Then, Liber, thou hast swiv'd all womenkind, + For a fifth sort, I know, thou canst not find. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[472] MS. "knowen this towne 7 yeares." + + + + +IN MEDONTEM. X. + + + Great Captain Medon wears a chain of gold + Which at five hundred crowns is valuèd, + For that it was his grandsire's chain of old, + When great King Henry Boulogne conquerèd. + And wear it, Medon, for it may ensue, + That thou, by virtue of this massy chain, + A stronger town than Boulogne mayst subdue, + If wise men's saws be not reputed vain; + For what said Philip, king of Macedon? + "There is no castle so well fortified, 10 + But if an ass laden with gold comes on, + The guard will stoop, and gates fly open wide." + + + + +IN GELAM. XI. + + + Gella, if thou dost love thyself, take heed + Lest thou my rhymes unto thy lover read; + For straight thou grinn'st, and then thy lover seeth + Thy canker-eaten gums and rotten teeth. + + + + +IN QUINTUM.[473] XII. + + + Quintus his wit, infus'd into his brain, + Mislikes the place, and fled into his feet; + And there it wanders up and down the street,[474] + Dabbled in the dirt, and soakèd in the rain. + Doubtless his wit intends not to aspire, + Which leaves his head, to travel in the mire. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[473] Not in MS. + +[474] Old eds. "streets." + + + + +IN SEVERUM. XIII. + + + The puritan Severus oft doth read + This text, that doth pronounce vain speech a sin,-- + "That thing defiles a man, that doth proceed + From out the mouth, not that which enters in." + Hence is it that we seldom hear him swear; + And therefore like a Pharisee, he vaunts: + But he devours more capons in a year + Than would suffice a hundred protestants. + And, sooth, those sectaries are gluttons all, + As well the thread-bare cobbler as the knight; 10 + For those poor slaves which have not wherewithal, + Feed on the rich, till they devour them quite; + And so, like Pharaoh's kine, they eat up clean + Those that be fat, yet still themselves be lean. + + + + +IN LEUCAM. XIV.[475] + + + Leuca in presence once a fart did let: + Some laugh'd a little; she forsook the place; + And, mad with shame, did eke her glove forget, + Which she return'd to fetch with bashful grace; + And when she would have said "this is[476] my glove," + "My fart," quod she; which did more laughter move. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[475] Not in MS. + +[476] So Isham copy.--Other eds. omit the words "this is." + + + + +IN MACRUM. XV. + + + Thou canst not speak yet, Macer; for to speak, + Is to distinguish sounds significant: + Thou with harsh noise the air dost rudely break; + But what thou utter'st common sense doth want,-- + Half-English words, with fustian terms among, + Much like the burden of a northern song. + + + + +IN FAUSTUM. XVI. + + + "That youth," said Faustus, "hath a lion seen, + Who from a dicing-house comes moneyless." + But when he lost his hair, where had he been? + I doubt me, he[477] had seen a lioness. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[477] So MS. and eds. B, C. Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + + + + +IN COSMUM. XVII. + + + Cosmus hath more discoursing in his head + Than Jove when Pallas issu'd from his brain; + And still he strives to be deliverèd + Of all his thoughts at once; but all in vain; + For, as we see at all the playhouse-doors, + When ended is the play, the dance, and song, + A thousand townsmen, gentlemen, and whores, + Porters, and serving-men, together throng,-- + So thoughts of drinking, thriving, wenching, war, + And borrowing money, ranging in his mind, 10 + To issue all at once so forward are, + As none at all can perfect passage find. + + + + +IN FLACCUM. XVIII. + + + The false knave Flaccus once a bribe I gave; + The more fool I to bribe so false a knave: + But he gave back my bribe; the more fool he, + That for my folly did not cozen me. + + + + +IN CINEAM. XIX. + + + Thou, doggèd Cineas, hated like a dog, + For still thou grumblest like a masty[478] dog, + Compar'st thyself to nothing but a dog; + Thou say'st thou art as weary as a dog, + As angry, sick, and hungry as a dog, + As dull and melancholy as a dog, + As lazy, sleepy, idle[479] as a dog. + But why dost thou compare thee to a dog + In that for which all men despise a dog? + I will compare thee better to a dog; 10 + Thou art as fair and comely as a dog, + Thou art as true and honest as a dog, + Thou art as kind and liberal as a dog, + Thou art as wise and valiant as a dog. + But, Cineas, I have often[480] heard thee tell, + Thou art as like thy father as may be: + 'Tis like enough; and, faith, I like it well; + But I am glad thou art not like to me. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[478] Mastiff. + +[479] So Isham copy and MS.--Eds. A, B, C "and as idle." + +[480] So MS.--Isham copy and ed. A "oft." + + + + +IN GERONTEM.[481] XX. + + + Geron, whose[482] mouldy memory corrects + Old Holinshed our famous chronicler + With moral rules, and policy collects + Out of all actions done these fourscore year; + Accounts the time of every odd[483] event, + Not from Christ's birth, nor from the prince's reign, + But from some other famous accident, + Which in men's general notice doth remain,-- + The siege of Boulogne,[484] and the plaguy sweat,[485] + The going to Saint Quintin's[486] and New-Haven,[487] 10 + The rising[488] in the north, the frost so great, + That cart-wheel prints on Thamis' face were graven,[489] + The fall of money,[490] and burning of Paul's steeple,[491] + The blazing star,[492] and Spaniards' overthrow:[493] + By these events, notorious to the people, + He measures times, and things forepast doth show: + But most of all, he chiefly reckons by + A private chance,--the death of his curst[494] wife; + This is to him the dearest memory, + And th' happiest accident of all his life. 20 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[481] Not in MS. + +[482] So Isham copy.--Omitted in ed. A. + +[483] So Isham copy.--Eds. A, B, C "old." + +[484] Boulogne was captured by Henry VIII. in 1544. + +[485] The reference probably is to the visitation of 1551. + +[486] In 1557 an English corps under the Earl of Pembroke took part in +the war against France. "The English did not share in the glory of the +battle, for they were not present; but they arrived two days after to +take part in the storming of St. Quentin, and to share, to their shame, +in the sack and spoiling of the town."--Froude, VI. 52. + +[487] Havre.--The expedition was despatched in 1562. + +[488] Led by the Earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland in 1569. + +[489] The reference is to the frost of 1564.--"There was one great frost +in England in our memory, and that was in the 7th year of Queen +Elizabeth: which began upon the 21st of December and held in so +extremely that, upon New Year's eve following, people in multitudes went +upon the Thames from London Bridge to Westminster; some, as you tell me, +sir, they do now--playing at football, others shooting at pricks."--"The +Great Frost," 1608 (Arber's "English Garner," Vol. I.) + +[490] "This yeare [1560] in the end of September the copper monies which +had been coyned under King Henry the Eight and once before abased by +King Edward the Sixth, were again brought to a lower +valuacion."--Hayward's _Annals of Queen Elizabeth_, p. 73. + +[491] On the 4th June 1561, the steeple of St. Paul's was struck by +lightning. + +[492] "On the 10th of October (some say on the 7th) appeared a blazing +star in the north, bushing towards the east, which was nightly seen +diminishing of his brightness until the 21st of the same month."--Stow's +_Annales_, under the year 1580 (ed. 1615, p. 687). + +[493] The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. + +[494] Vixenish. + + + + +IN MARCUM. XXI. + + + When Marcus comes from Mins',[495] he still doth swear, + By "come[496] on seven," that all is lost and gone: + But that's not true; for he hath lost his hair, + Only for that he came too much on[497] one. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[495] Dyce conjectures that this was the name of some person who kept an +ordinary where gaming was practised. (MS. "for newes.") + +[496] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "a seaven." + +[497] So MS. with some eccentricities of spelling ("to much one +one").--Old eds. "at." + + + + +IN CYPRIUM. XXII. + + + The fine youth Cyprius is more terse and neat + Than the new garden of the Old Temple is; + And still the newest fashion he doth get, + And with the time doth change from that to this; + He wears a hat now of the flat-crown block,[498] + The treble ruff,[499] long coat, and doublet French: + He takes tobacco, and doth wear a lock,[500] + And wastes more time in dressing than a wench. + Yet this new-fangled youth, made for these times, + Doth, above all, praise old George[501] Gascoigne's rhymes.[502] 10 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[498] Shape or fashion; properly the wooden mould on which the crown of +a hat is shaped. + +[499] So MS.--Old eds. "ruffes." + +[500] Love-lock; a lock of hair hanging down the shoulder in the left +side. It was usually plaited with ribands. + +[501] So MS. and eds. B, C.--Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[502] Gascoigne's "rhymes" have been edited in two thick volumes by Mr. +Carew Hazlitt. He died on 7th October 1577. In Gabriel Harvey's _Letter +Book_ (recently edited by Mr. Edward Scott for the Camden Society) there +are some elegies on him. + + + + +IN CINEAM. XXIII. + + + When Cineas comes amongst his friends in morning, + He slyly looks[503] who first his cap doth move: + Him he salutes, the rest so grimly scorning, + As if for ever they had lost his love. + I, knowing how it doth the humour fit + Of this fond gull to be saluted first, + Catch at my cap, but move it not a whit: + Which he perceiving,[504] seems for spite to burst. + But, Cineas, why expect you more of me + Than I of you? I am as good a man, 10 + And better too by many a quality, + For vault, and dance, and fence, and rhyme I can: + You keep a whore at your own charge, men tell me; + Indeed, friend Cineas, therein you excel me.[505] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[503] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "spies."--MS. "notes." + +[504] So the MS.--Isham copy and ed. A "Which perceiving he."--Eds. B, C +"Which to perceiving he." + +[505] The MS. adds-- + + "You keepe a whore att your [own] charge in towne; + Indeede, frend Ceneas, there you put me downe." + + + + +IN GALLUM. XXIV. + + + Gallus hath been this summer-time in Friesland, + And now, return'd, he speaks such warlike words, + As, if I could their English understand, + I fear me they would cut my throat like swords; + He talks of counter-scarfs,[506] and casamates,[507] + Of parapets, curtains, and palisadoes;[508] + Of flankers, ravelins, gabions he prates, + And of false-brays,[509] and sallies, and scaladoes.[510] + But, to requite such gulling terms as these, + With words to my profession I reply; 10 + I tell of fourching, vouchers, and counterpleas, + Of withernams, essoins, and champarty. + So, neither of us understanding either, + We part as wise as when we came together. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[506] Counter-scarps. + +[507] Old eds. "Casomates." + +[508] Old eds. "Of parapets, of curteneys, and pallizadois."--MS. "Of +parapelets, curtens and passadoes."--Cunningham prints "Of curtains, +parapets," &c. + +[509] "A term in fortification, exactly from the French _fausse-braie_, +which means, say the dictionaries, a counter-breast-work, or, in fact, a +mound thrown up to mask some part of the works. + + 'And made those strange approaches by false-brays, + Reduits, half-moons, horn-works, and such close ways.' + +_B. Jons. Underwoods._"--Nares. + +[510] Dyce points out that this passage is imitated in Fitzgeoffrey's +_Notes from Black-Fryers_, Sig. E. 7, ed. 1620. + + + + +IN DECIUM.[511] XXV. + + + Audacious painters have Nine Worthies made; + But poet Decius, more audacious far, + Making his mistress march with men of war, + With title of "Tenth Worthy" doth her lade. + Methinks that gull did use his terms as fit, + Which term'd his love "a giant for her wit." + +FOOTNOTES: + +[511] In this epigram, as Dyce showed, Davies is glancing at a sonnet of +Drayton's "To the Celestiall Numbers" in _Idea_. Jonson told Drummond +that "S. J. Davies played in ane Epigrame on Draton's, who in a sonnet +concluded his mistress might been the Ninth [sic] Worthy; and said he +used a phrase like Dametas in Arcadia, who said, For wit his Mistresse +might be a Gyant."--_Notes of Ben Jonson's Conversations with Drummond_, +p. 15. (ed. Shakesp. Soc.) + + + + +IN GELLAM. XXVI. + + + If Gella's beauty be examinèd, + She hath a dull dead eye, a saddle nose, + An ill-shap'd face, with morphew overspread, + And rotten teeth, which she in laughing shows; + Briefly, she is the filthiest wench in town, + Of all that do the art of whoring use: + But when she hath put on her satin gown, + Her cut[512] lawn apron, and her velvet shoes, + Her green silk stockings, and her petticoat + Of taffeta, with golden fringe around, 10 + And is withal perfum'd with civet hot, + Which doth her valiant stinking breath confound,-- + Yet she with these additions is no more + Than a sweet, filthy, fine, ill-favour'd whore. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[512] So MS.--Old eds. "out." + + + + +IN SYLLAM. XXVII. + + + Sylla is often challeng'd to the field, + To answer, like a gentleman, his foes: + But then doth he this[513] only answer yield, + That he hath livings and fair lands to lose. + Sylla, if none but beggars valiant were, + The king of Spain would put us all in fear. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[513] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "when doth he his." + + + + +IN SYLLAM. XXVIII. + + + Who dares affirm that Sylla dare not fight? + When I dare swear he dares adventure more + Than the most brave and most[514] all-daring wight + That ever arms with resolution bore; + He that dare touch the most unwholesome whore + That ever was retir'd into the spittle, + And dares court wenches standing at a door + (The portion of his wit being passing little); + He that dares give his dearest friends offences, + Which other valiant fools do fear to do, 10 + And, when a fever doth confound his senses, + Dare eat raw beef, and drink strong wine thereto: + He that dares take tobacco on the stage,[515] + Dares man a whore at noon-day through the street, + Dares dance in Paul's, and in this formal age + Dares say and do whatever is unmeet; + Whom fear of shame could never yet affright, + Who dares affirm that Sylla dares not fight? + +FOOTNOTES: + +[514] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "most brave, most all daring."--Eds. B, C +"most brave and all daring."--MS. "most valiant and all-daring." + +[515] There are frequent allusions to this practice. Cf. Induction to +_Cynthia's Revels_:--"I have my three sorts of tobacco in my pocket; my +light by me." + + + + +IN HEYWODUM. XXIX. + + + Heywood,[516] that did in epigrams excel, + Is now put down since my light Muse arose;[517] + As buckets are put down into a well, + Or as a schoolboy putteth down his hose. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[516] John Heywood, the well-known epigrammatist and interlude-writer. +His Proverbs were edited in 1874, with a pleasantly-written Introduction +and useful notes, by Mr. Julian Sharman. + +[517] Dyce refers to a passage of Sir John Harington's _Metamorphosis of +Ajax_, 1596:--"This Haywood for his proverbs and epigrams is not yet put +down by any of our country, though one [marginal note, M. Davies] doth +indeed come near him, that graces him the more in saying he puts him +down." He quotes also from Bastard's _Chrestoleros_, 1598 (Lib. ii. Ep. +15); Lib. iii. Ep. 3, and Freeman's _Rubbe and a Great Cast_ ( Pt. ii., +Ep. 100), allusions to the present epigram. + + + + +IN DACUM.[518] XXX. + + + Amongst the poets Dacus number'd is, + Yet could he never make an English rhyme: + But some prose speeches I have heard of his, + Which have been spoken many a hundred time; + The man that keeps the elephant hath one, + Wherein he tells the wonders of the beast; + Another Banks pronouncèd long agone, + When he his curtal's[519] qualities express'd: + He first taught him that keeps the monuments + At Westminster, his formal tale to say, 10 + And also him which puppets represents, + And also him which with the ape doth play. + Though all his poetry be like to this, + Amongst the poets Dacus number'd is. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[518] Samuel Daniel. See Ep. xlv. + +[519] All the information about Banks' wonderful horse Moroccus ("the +little horse that ambled on the top of Paul's") is collected in Mr. +Halliwell-Phillips' _Memoranda on Love's Labour Lost_. + + + + +IN PRISCUM. XXXI. + + + When Priscus, rais'd from low to high estate, + Rode through the street in pompous jollity, + Caius, his poor familiar friend of late, + Bespake him thus, "Sir, now you know not me," + "'Tis likely, friend," quoth Priscus, "to be so, + For at this time myself I do not know." + + + + +IN BRUNUM. XXXII. + + + Brunus, which deems[520] himself a fair sweet youth, + Is nine and thirty[521] year of age at least; + Yet was he never, to confess the truth, + But a dry starveling when he was at best. + This gull was sick to show his nightcap fine, + And his wrought pillow overspread with lawn; + But hath been well since his grief's cause hath line[522] + At Trollop's by Saint Clement's Church in pawn. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[520] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "thinks." + +[521] Old eds. "thirtie nine." MS. "nine and thirtith." + +[522] Lain. + + + + +IN FRANCUM. XXXIII. + + + When Francus comes to solace with his whore, + He sends for rods, and strips himself stark naked; + For his lust sleeps, and will not rise before, + By whipping of the wench, it be awakèd. + I envy him not, but wish I[523] had the power + To make myself his wench but one half-hour. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[523] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "he." + + + + +IN CASTOREM. XXXIV. + + + Of speaking well why do we learn the skill, + Hoping thereby honour and wealth to gain? + Sith railing Castor doth, by speaking ill, + Opinion of much wit, and gold obtain. + + + + +IN SEPTIMIUM. XXXV. + + + Septimius[524] lives, and is like garlic seen, + For though his head be white, his blade is green. + This old mad colt deserves a martyr's praise, + For he was burnèd[525] in Queen Mary's days. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[524] So ed. B.--Isham copy, ed. A, and MS. "Septimus." + +[525] "Burn" is often used with an indelicate _double entendre_. Cf. +_Lear_ iii. 2, "No heretics _burned_ but wenchers' suitors;" _Troilus +and Cressida_, v. 2, "A _burning_ devil take them." + + + + +OF TOBACCO. XXXVI. + + + Homer of Moly and Nepenthe sings; + Moly, the gods' most sovereign herb divine, + Nepenthe, Helen's[526] drink, which gladness brings, + Heart's grief expels, and doth the wit refine. + But this our age another world hath found, + From whence an herb of heavenly power is brought; + Moly is not so sovereign for a wound, + Nor hath nepenthe so great wonders wrought. + It is tobacco, whose sweet subtle[527] fume + The hellish torment of the teeth doth ease, 10 + By drawing down and drying up the rheum, + The mother and the nurse of each disease; + It is tobacco, which doth cold expel, + And clears th' obstructions of the arteries, + And surfeits threatening death digesteth well, + Decocting all the stomach's crudities;[528] + It is tobacco, which hath power to clarify + The cloudy mists before dim eyes appearing; + It is tobacco, which hath power to rarify + The thick gross humour which doth stop the hearing; 20 + The wasting hectic, and the quartan fever, + Which doth of physic make a mockery, + The gout it cures, and helps ill breaths for ever, + Whether the cause in teeth or stomach be; + And though ill breaths were by it but confounded, + Yet that vild[529] medicine it doth far excel, + Which by Sir Thomas More[530] hath been propounded, + For this is thought a gentleman-like smell. + O, that I were one of these mountebanks + Which praise their oils and powders which they sell! 30 + My customers would give me coin with thanks; + I for this ware, forsooth,[531] a tale would tell: + Yet would I use none of these terms before; + I would but say, that it the pox will cure; + This were enough, without discoursing more, + All our brave gallants in the town t'allure. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[526] Isham copy, "Heuens;" and eds. B, C "Heauens."--MS. +"helevs."--Davies alludes to _Odyssey_ iv., 219, &c. + +[527] So MS.--Old eds. "substantiall." + +[528] We are reminded of Bobadil's encomium of tobacco:--"I could say +what I know of the virtue of it, for the expulsion of rheums, raw +humours, crudities, obstructions, with a thousand of this kind; but I +profess myself no quacksalver. Only this much: by Hercules I do hold it +and will affirm it before any prince in Europe to be the most sovereign +and precious weed that ever the earth tendered to the use of man." + +[529] So MS.--Not in old eds. + +[530] Dyce quotes from More's _Lucubrationes_ (ed. 1563, p. 261), an +epigram headed "Medicinæ ad tollendos foetores anhelitus, provenientes +a cibis quibusdam." + +[531] So eds. A, B, C.--Isham copy "so smooth."--MS. "so faire." + + + + +IN CRASSUM. XXXVII. + + + Crassus his lies are no[532] pernicious lies, + But pleasant fictions, hurtful unto none + But to himself; for no man counts him wise + To tell for truth that which for false is known. + He swears that Gaunt[533] is three-score miles about, + And that the bridge at Paris[534] on the Seine + Is of such thickness, length, and breadth throughout, + That six-score arches can it scarce sustain; + He swears he saw so great a dead man's skull + At Canterbury digg'd out of the ground, 10 + As[535] would contain of wheat three bushels full; + And that in Kent are twenty yeomen found, + Of which the poorest every year[536] dispends + Five thousand pound: these and five thousand mo + So oft he hath recited to his friends, + That now himself persuades himself 'tis so. + But why doth Crassus tell his lies so rife, + Of bridges, towns, and things that have no life? + He is a lawyer, and doth well espy + That for such lies an action will not lie. 20 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[532] So MS.--Eds. "not." + +[533] Ghent. + +[534] The reference probably is to the Pont Neuf, begun by Henry III. +and finished by Henry IV. + +[535] So MS.--Old eds. "That." + +[536] MS. "day!" + + + + +IN PHILONEM. XXXVIII. + + + Philo, the lawyer,[537] and the fortune-teller, + The school-master, the midwife,[538] and the bawd, + The conjurer, the buyer and the seller + Of painting which with breathing will be thaw'd, + Doth practise physic; and his credit grows, + As doth the ballad-singer's auditory, + Which hath at Temple-Bar his standing chose, + And to the vulgar sings an ale-house story: + First stands a porter; then an oyster-wife + Doth stint her cry and stay her steps to hear him; 10 + Then comes a cutpurse ready with his[539] knife, + And then a country client presseth[540] near him; + There stands the constable, there stands the whore, + And, hearkening[541] to the song, mark[542] not each other; + There by the serjeant stands the debitor,[543] + And doth no more mistrust him than his brother: + This[544] Orpheus to such hearers giveth music, + And Philo to such patients giveth physic. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[537] Isham copy and MS. "gentleman." + +[538] MS. "widdow." + +[539] So Isham copy and MS.--Other eds. "a." + +[540] So Isham copy.--Other eds. "passeth."--MS. "presses." + +[541] So Isham copy, ed. A, and MS.--Eds. B, C "listening." + +[542] So Isham copy, ed. A, and MS.--Eds. B, C "heed." + +[543] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy, MS., and ed. A, "debtor poor."--With +the foregoing description of the "ballad-singer's auditory" compare +Wordsworth's lines _On the power of Music_, and Vincent Bourne's +charming Latin verses (entitled _Cantatrices_) on the Ballad Singers of +the Seven Dials. + +[544] So MS.--Eds. "Thus." + + + + +IN FUSCUM. XXXIX. + + + Fuscus is free, and hath the world at will; + Yet, in the course of life that he doth lead, + He's like a horse which, turning round a mill, + Doth always in the self-same circle tread: + First, he doth rise at ten;[545] and at eleven + He goes to Gill's, where he doth eat till one; + Then sees a play till six;[546] and sups at seven; + And, after supper, straight to bed is gone; + And there till ten next day he doth remain; + And then he dines; then sees a comedy; 10 + And then he sups, and goes to bed again: + Thus round he runs without variety, + Save that sometimes he comes not to the play, + But falls into a whore-house by the way. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[545] Cf. a somewhat similar description in Guilpin's _Skialetheia_ (Ep. +25):-- + + "My lord most court-like lies abed till noon, + Then all high-stomacht riseth to his dinner; + Falls straight to dice before his meat be down, + Or to digest walks to some female sinner; + Perhaps fore-tired he gets him to a play, + Comes home to supper and then falls to dice; + Then his devotion wakes till it be day, + And so to bed where unto noon he lies." + +[546] If the play ended at six, it could hardly have begun before three. +From numerous passages it appears that performances frequently began at +three, or even later. Probably the curtain rose at one in the winter and +three in the summer. + + + + +IN AFRUM. XL. + + + The smell-feast[547] Afer travels to the Burse + Twice every day, the flying news to hear; + Which, when he hath no money in his purse, + To rich men's tables he doth ever[548] bear. + He tells how Groni[n]gen[549] is taken in[550] + By the brave conduct of illustrious Vere, + And how the Spanish forces Brest would win, + But that they do victorious Norris[551] fear. + No sooner is a ship at sea surpris'd, + But straight he learns the news, and doth disclose it; + No[552] sooner hath the Turk a plot devis'd + To conquer Christendom, but straight he knows it. + Fair-written in a scroll he hath the names + Of all the widows which the plague hath made; + And persons, times, and places, still he frames + To every tale, the better to persuade. + We call him Fame, for that the wide-mouth slave + Will eat as fast as he will utter lies; 20 + For fame is said an hundred mouths to have, + And he eats more than would five-score suffice. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[547] This word is found in Chapman, Harrington, and others. + +[548] So MS.--Old eds. "often." + +[549] Groningen was taken by Maurice of Nassau. Vere was present at the +siege. + +[550] The expression "take in" (in the sense of "conquer, capture") is +very common. + +[551] An English expedition, under Sir John Norris, was sent to Brittany +in 1594. + +[552] This line and the next are found only in Isham copy and MS. + + + + +IN PAULUM. XLI. + + + By lawful mart, and by unlawful stealth, + Paulus, in spite of envy, fortunate, + Derives out of the ocean so much wealth, + As he may well maintain a lord's estate: + But on the land a little gulf there is, + Wherein he drowneth all this[553] wealth of his. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[553] So Isham copy--Eds. A, B, C "the."--MS. "ye." + + + + +IN LYCUM. XLII. + + + Lycus, which lately is to Venice gone, + Shall, if he do return, gain three for one;[554] + But, ten to one, his knowledge and his wit + Will not be better'd or increas'd a whit. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[554] When a person started on a long or dangerous voyage it was +customary to deposit--or, as it was called, "put out"--a sum of money, +on condition of receiving at his return a high rate of interest. If he +failed to return the money was lost. There are frequent allusions in old +authors to this practice. + + + + +IN PUBLIUM. XLIII. + + + Publius, a[555] student at the Common-Law, + Oft leaves his books, and, for his recreation, + To Paris-garden[556] doth himself withdraw; + Where he is ravish'd with such delectation, + As down amongst the bears and dogs he goes; + Where, whilst he skipping cries, "To head, to head,"[557] + His satin doublet and his velvet hose + Are all with spittle from above be-spread; + Then is he like his father's country hall, + Stinking of dogs, and muted[558] all with hawks; 10 + And rightly too on him this filth doth fall, + Which for such filthy sports his books forsakes, + Leaving old Ployden, Dyer, and Brooke alone, + To see old Harry Hunkes and Sacarson.[559] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[555] So MS.--Not in old eds. + +[556] The Bear-Garden in the Bankside, Southwark. + +[557] In _Titus Andronicus_, v. 1, we have the expression "to fight at +head" ("As true a dog as ever fought _at head_"). "To fly at the head" +was equivalent to "attack;" and in Nares' _Glossary_ (ed. Halliwell) the +expression "run on head," in the sense of incite, is quoted from +Heywood's _Spider and Flie_, 1556. + +[558] Covered with hawks' dung. + +[559] "Harry Hunkes" and "Sacarson" were the names of two famous bears +(probably named after their keepers). Slender boasted to Anne Page, "I +have seen Sackarson loose twenty times and have taken him by the chain." + + + + +IN SYLLAM. XLIV. + + + When I this proposition had defended, + "A coward cannot be an honest man," + Thou, Sylla, seem'st forthwith to be offended, + And hold'st[560] the contrary, and swear'st[561] he can. + But when I tell thee that he will forsake + His dearest friend in peril of his life, + Thou then art chang'd, and say'st thou didst mistake; + And so we end our argument and strife: + Yet I think oft, and think I think aright, + Thy argument argues thou wilt not fight. 10 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[560] So MS.--Old eds. "holds." + +[561] So MS.--Old eds. "swears." + + + + +IN DACUM. XLV. + + + Dacus,[562] with some good colour and pretence, + Terms his love's beauty "silent eloquence;" + For she doth lay more colours on her face + Than ever Tully us'd his speech to grace. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[562] Dyce shows that Samuel Daniel is meant by Dacus (who has already +been ridiculed in _Ep._ xxx.). In Daniel's _Complaint of Rosamond_ +(1592) are the lines:-- + + "Ah, beauty, syren, faire enchanting good, + Sweet _silent rhetorique_ of perswading eyes, + _Dumb eloquence_, whose power doth move the blood + More than the words or wisedome of the wise," &c. + +Perhaps there is an allusion to this epigram in Marston's fourth +satire:-- + + "What, shall not Rosamond or Gaveston + Ope their sweet lips without detraction? + But must our modern critticks envious eye + Seeme thus to quote some grosse deformity, + Where art not error shineth in their stile, + But error and no art doth thee beguile?" + + + + +IN MARCUM. XLVI. + + + Why dost thou, Marcus, in thy misery + Rail and blaspheme, and call the heavens unkind? + The heavens do owe[563] no kindness unto thee, + Thou hast the heavens so little in thy mind; + For in thy life thou never usest prayer + But at primero, to encounter fair. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[563] So eds. B, C.--Ed. A "draw" (Epigram xlv.-xlviii. are not in the +MS.) + + + + +MEDITATIONS OF A GULL. XLVII. + + + See, yonder melancholy gentleman, + Which, hood-wink'd with his hat, alone doth sit! + Think what he thinks, and tell me, if you can, + What great affairs trouble his little wit. + He thinks not of the war 'twixt France and Spain,[564] + Whether it be for Europe's good or ill, + Nor whether the Empire can itself maintain + Against the Turkish power encroaching still;[565] + Nor what great town in all the Netherlands + The States determine to besiege this spring, 10 + Nor how the Scottish policy now stands, + Nor what becomes of the Irish mutining.[566] + But he doth seriously bethink him whether + Of the gull'd people he be more esteem'd + For his long cloak or for[567] his great black feather + By which each gull is now a gallant deem'd; + Or of a journey he deliberates + To Paris-garden, Cock-pit, or the play; + Or how to steal a dog he meditates, + Or what he shall unto his mistress say. + Yet with these thoughts he thinks himself most fit + To be of counsel with a king for wit. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[564] Ended in 1598 by the peace of Vervins. + +[565] The war between Austria and Turkey was brought to a close in 1606. + +[566] A reference to Tyrone's insurrection, 1595-1602. + +[567] So Isham copy.--Not in other eds. + + + + +AD MUSAM. XLVIII. + + + Peace, idle Muse, have done! for it is time, + Since lousy Ponticus envies my fame, + And swears the better sort are much to blame + To make me so well known for my ill rhyme. + Yet Banks his horse[568] is better known than he; + So are the camels and the western hog, + And so is Lepidus his printed dog[569]: + Why doth not Ponticus their fames envy? + Besides, this Muse of mine and the black feather + Grew both together fresh in estimation; 10 + And both, grown stale, were cast away together: + What fame is this that scarce lasts out a fashion? + Only this last in credit doth remain, + That from henceforth each bastard cast-forth rhyme, + Which doth but savour of a libel vein, + Shall call me father, and be thought my crime; + So dull, and with so little sense endued, + Is my gross-headed judge the multitude. + +J. D. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[568] See note, p. 232. + +[569] Dyce points out that by Lepidus is meant Sir John Harington, whose +dog Bungey is represented in a compartment of the engraved title-page of +the translation of _Orlando Furioso_, 1591. In his epigrams (Book III. +Ep. 21) Harington refers to this epigram of Davies, and expresses +himself greatly pleased at the compliment paid to his dog. + + + + +IGNOTO. + + + I[570] love thee not for sacred chastity,-- + Who loves for that?--nor for thy sprightly wit; + I love thee not for thy sweet modesty, + Which makes thee in perfection's throne to sit; + I love thee not for thy enchanting eye, + Thy beauty['s] ravishing perfection; + I love thee not for unchaste luxury, + Nor for thy body's fair proportion; + I love thee not for that my soul doth dance + And leap with pleasure, when those lips of thine + Give musical and graceful utterance + To some (by thee made happy) poet's line; + I love thee not for voice or slender small: + But wilt thou know wherefore? fair sweet, for all. + + Faith, wench, I cannot court thy sprightly eyes, + With the base-viol plac'd between my thighs; + I cannot lisp, nor to some fiddle sing, + Nor run upon a high-stretch'd minikin; + I cannot whine in puling elegies, + Entombing Cupid with sad obsequies; + I am not fashion'd for these amorous times, + To court thy beauty with lascivious rhymes; + I cannot dally, caper, dance, and sing, + Oiling my saint with supple sonneting; + I cannot cross my arms, or sigh "Ay me, + Ay me, forlorn!" egregious foppery! + I cannot buss thy fist,[571] play with thy hair, + Swearing by Jove, "thou art most debonair!" + Not I, by cock! but [I] shall tell thee roundly,-- + Hark in thine ear,--zounds, I can (----) thee soundly. + + Sweet wench, I love thee: yet I will not sue, + Or show my love as musky courtiers do; + I'll not carouse a health to honour thee, + In this same bezzling[572] drunken courtesy, + And, when all's quaff'd, eat up my bousing-glass[573] + In glory that I am thy servile ass; + Nor will I wear a rotten Bourbon lock,[574] + As some sworn peasant to a female smock. + Well-featur'd lass, thou know'st I love thee dear: + Yet for thy sake I will not bore mine ear, + To hang thy dirty silken shoe-tires there; + Nor for thy love will I once gnash a brick, + Or some pied colours in my bonnet stick:[575] + But, by the chaps of hell, to do thee good, + I'll freely spend my thrice-decocted blood. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[570] This sonnet and the two following pieces are only found in Isham +copy and ed. A. + +[571] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "fill." + +[572] Tippling. + +[573] "Bouse" was a cant term for "drink." + +[574] See note v. p. 226. + +[575] It was a common practice for gallants to wear their mistresses' +garters in their hats. + + + + +THE FIRST BOOK OF LUCAN. + + +_Lucans First Booke Translated Line for Line, By Chr. Marlow. At London, +Printed by P. Short, and are to be sold by Walter Burre at the Signe of +the Flower de Luce in Paules Churchyard_, 1600, 4_to._ + +This is the only early edition. The title-page of the 1600 4to. of _Hero +and Leander_ has the words, "Whereunto is added the first booke of +Lucan;" but the two pieces are not found in conjunction. + + + + +TO HIS KIND AND TRUE FRIEND, EDWARD BLUNT.[576] + + +Blunt,[577] I propose to be blunt with you, and, out of my dulness, to +encounter you with a Dedication in memory of that pure elemental wit, +Chr. Marlowe, whose ghost or genius is to be seen walk the +Churchyard,[578] in, at the least, three or four sheets. Methinks you +should presently look wild now, and grow humorously frantic upon the +taste of it. Well, lest you should, let me tell you, this spirit was +sometime a familiar of your own, _Lucan's First Book translated_; which, +in regard of your old right in it, I have raised in the circle of your +patronage. But stay now, Edward: if I mistake not, you are to +accommodate yourself with some few instructions, touching the property +of a patron, that you are not yet possessed of; and to study them for +your better grace, as our gallants do fashions. First, you must be +proud, and think you have merit enough in you, though you are ne'er so +empty; then, when I bring you the book, take physic, and keep state; +assign me a time by your man to come again; and, afore the day, be sure +to have changed your lodging; in the meantime sleep little, and sweat +with the invention of some pitiful dry jest or two, which you may happen +to utter with some little, or not at all, marking of your friends, when +you have found a place for them to come in at; or, if by chance +something has dropped from you worth the taking up, weary all that come +to you with the often repetition of it; censure, scornfully enough, and +somewhat like a traveller; commend nothing, lest you discredit your +(that which you would seem to have) judgment. These things, if you can +mould yourself to them, Ned, I make no question that they will not +become you. One special virtue in our patrons of these days I have +promised myself you shall fit excellently, which is, to give nothing; +yes, thy love I will challenge as my peculiar object, both in this, and, +I hope, many more succeeding offices. Farewell: I affect not the world +should measure my thoughts to thee by a scale of this nature: leave to +think good of me when I fall from thee. + +Thine in all rights of perfect friendship, + + THOMAS THORPE. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[576] A well-known bookseller. + +[577] Old ed. "Blount." + +[578] Paul's churchyard, the Elizabethan "Booksellers' Row." + + + + +THE FIRST BOOK OF LUCAN. + + + Wars worse than civil on Thessalian plains, + And outrage strangling law, and people strong, + We sing, whose conquering swords their own breasts lancht,[579] + Armies allied, the kingdom's league uprooted, + Th' affrighted world's force bent on public spoil, + Trumpets and drums, like[580] deadly, threatening other, + Eagles alike display'd, darts answering darts, + Romans, what madness, what huge lust of war, + Hath made barbarians drunk with Latin blood? + Now Babylon, proud through our spoil, should stoop, 10 + While slaughter'd Crassus' ghost walks unreveng'd, + Will ye wage war, for which you shall not triumph? + Ay me! O, what a world of land and sea + Might they have won whom civil broils have slain! + As far as Titan springs, where night dims heaven, + I, to the torrid zone where mid-day burns, + And where stiff winter, whom no spring resolves, + Fetters the Euxine Sea with chains of ice; + Scythia and wild Armenia had been yok'd, + And they of Nilus' mouth, if there live any. 20 + Rome, if thou take delight in impious war, + First conquer all the earth, then turn thy force + Against thyself: as yet thou wants not foes. + That now the walls of houses half-reared totter, + That, rampires fallen down, huge heaps of stone + Lie in our towns, that houses are abandon'd, + And few live that behold their ancient seats; + Italy many years hath lien untill'd + And chok'd with thorns; that greedy earth wants hinds;-- + Fierce Pyrrhus, neither thou nor Hannibal 30 + Art cause; no foreign foe could so afflict us: + These plagues arise from wreak of civil power. + But if for Nero, then unborn, the Fates + Would find no other means, and gods not slightly + Purchase immortal thrones, nor Jove joy'd heaven + Until the cruel giants' war was done; + We plain not, heavens, but gladly bear these evils + For Nero's sake: Pharsalia groan with slaughter, + And Carthage souls be glutted with our bloods! + At Munda let the dreadful battles join; 40 + Add, Cæsar, to these ills, Perusian famine, + The Mutin toils, the fleet at Luca[s] sunk, + And cruel[581] field near burning Ætna fought! + Yet Rome is much bound to these civil arms, + Which made thee emperor. Thee (seeing thou, being old, + Must shine a star) shall heaven (whom thou lovest) + Receive with shouts; where thou wilt reign as king, + Or mount the Sun's flame-bearing chariot, + And with bright restless fire compass the earth, + Undaunted though her former guide be chang'd; 50 + Nature and every power shall give thee place, + What god it please thee be, or where to sway. + But neither choose the north t'erect thy seat, + Nor yet the adverse reeking[582] southern pole, + Whence thou shouldst view thy Rome with squinting[583] beams. + If any one part of vast heaven thou swayest, + The burden'd axes[584] with thy force will bend: + The midst is best; that place is pure and bright; + There, Cæsar, mayst thou shine, and no cloud dim thee. + Then men from war shall bide in league and ease, 60 + Peace through the world from Janus' face shall fly, + And bolt the brazen gates with bars of iron. + Thou, Cæsar, at this instant art my god; + Thee if I invocate, I shall not need + To crave Apollo's aid or Bacchus' help; + Thy power inspires the Muse that sings this war. + The causes first I purpose to unfold + Of these garboils,[585] whence springs a long discourse; + And what made madding people shake off peace. + The Fates are envious, high seats[586] quickly perish, 70 + Under great burdens falls are ever grievous; + Rome was so great it could not bear itself. + So when this world's compounded union breaks, + Time ends, and to old Chaos all things turn, + Confused stars shall meet, celestial fire + Fleet on the floods, the earth shoulder the sea, + Affording it no shore, and Phoebe's wain + Chase Phoebus, and enrag'd affect his place, + And strive to shine by day and full of strife + Dissolve the engines of the broken world. 80 + All great things crush themselves; such end the gods + Allot the height of honour; men so strong + By land and sea, no foreign force could ruin. + O Rome, thyself art cause of all these evils, + Thyself thus shiver'd out to three men's shares! + Dire league of partners in a kingdom last not. + O faintly-join'd friends, with ambition blind, + Why join you force to share the world betwixt you? + While th' earth the sea, and air the earth sustains, + While Titan strives against the world's swift course, 90 + Or Cynthia, night's queen, waits upon the day, + Shall never faith be found in fellow kings: + Dominion cannot suffer partnership. + This need[s] no foreign proof nor far-fet[587] story: + Rome's infant walls were steep'd in brother's blood; + Nor then was land or sea, to breed such hate; + A town with one poor church set them at odds.[588] + Cæsar's and Pompey's jarring love soon ended, + 'Twas peace against their wills; betwixt them both + Stepp'd Crassus in. Even as the slender isthmos, 100 + Betwixt the Ægæan,[589] and the Ionian sea, + Keeps each from other, but being worn away, + They both burst out, and each encounter other; + So whenas Crassus' wretched death, who stay'd them, + Had fill'd Assyrian Carra's[590] walls with blood, + His loss made way for Roman outrages. + Parthians, y'afflict us more than ye suppose; + Being conquer'd, we are plagu'd with civil war. + Swords share our empire: Fortune, that made Rome + Govern the earth, the sea, the world itself, 110 + Would not admit two lords; for Julia, + Snatch'd hence by cruel Fates, with ominous howls + Bare down to hell her son, the pledge of peace, + And all bands of that death-presaging alliànce. + Julia, had heaven given thee longer life, + Thou hadst restrain'd thy headstrong husband's rage, + Yea, and thy father too, and, swords thrown down, + Made all shake hands, as once the Sabines did: + Thy death broke amity, and train'd to war + These captains emulous of each other's glory. 120 + Thou fear'd'st, great Pompey, that late deeds would dim + Old triumphs, and that Cæsar's conquering France + Would dash the wreath thou war'st for pirates' wreck: + Thee war's use stirr'd, and thoughts that always scorn'd + A second place. Pompey could bide no equal, + Nor Cæsar no superior: which of both + Had justest cause, unlawful 'tis to judge: + Each side had great partakers; Cæsar's cause + The gods abetted, Cato lik'd the other.[591] + Both differ'd much. Pompey was struck in years, 130 + And by long rest forgot to manage arms, + And, being popular, sought by liberal gifts + To gain the light unstable commons' love, + And joy'd to hear his theatre's applause: + He lived secure, boasting his former deeds, + And thought his name sufficient to uphold him: + Like to a tall oak in a fruitful field, + Bearing old spoils and conquerors' monuments, + Who, though his root be weak, and his own weight + Keep him within the ground, his arms all bare, 140 + His body, not his boughs, send forth a shade; + Though every blast it nod,[592] and seem to fall, + When all the woods about stand bolt upright, + Yet he alone is held in reverence. + Cæsar's renown for war was loss; he restless, + Shaming to strive but where he did subdue; + When ire or hope provok'd, heady and bold; + At all times charging home, and making havoc; + Urging his fortune, trusting in the gods, + Destroying what withstood his proud desires, 150 + And glad when blood and ruin made him way: + So thunder, which the wind tears from the clouds, + With crack of riven air and hideous sound + Filling the world, leaps out and throws forth fire, + Affrights poor fearful men, and blasts their eyes + With overthwarting flames, and raging shoots + Alongst the air, and, not resisting it, + Falls, and returns, and shivers where it lights. + Such humours stirr'd them up; but this war's seed + Was even the same that wrecks all great dominions. 160 + When Fortune made us lords of all, wealth flow'd, + And then we grew licentious and rude; + The soldiers' prey and rapine brought in riot; + Men took delight in jewels, houses, plate, + And scorn'd old sparing diet, and ware robes + Too light for women; Poverty, who hatch'd + Rome's greatest wits,[593] was loath'd, and all the world + Ransack'd for gold, which breeds the world['s] decay; + And then large limits had their butting lands; + The ground, which Curius and Camillus till'd, 170 + Was stretched unto the fields of hinds unknown. + Again, this people could not brook calm peace; + Them freedom without war might not suffice: + Quarrels were rife; greedy desire, still poor, + Did vild deeds; then 'twas worth the price of blood, + And deem'd renown, to spoil their native town; + Force mastered right, the strongest govern'd all; + Hence came it that th' edicts were over-rul'd, + That laws were broke, tribunes with consuls strove, + Sale made of offices, and people's voices 180 + Bought by themselves and sold, and every year + Frauds and corruption in the Field of Mars; + Hence interest and devouring usury sprang, + Faith's breach, and hence came war, to most men welcome. + Now Cæsar overpass'd the snowy Alps; + His mind was troubled, and he aim'd at war: + And coming to the ford of Rubicon, + At night in dreadful vision fearful[594] Rome + Mourning appear'd, whose hoary hairs were torn, + And on her turret-bearing head dispers'd, 190 + And arms all naked; who, with broken sighs, + And staring, thus bespoke: "What mean'st thou, Cæsar? + Whither goes my standard? Romans if ye be, + And bear true hearts, stay here!" This spectacle + Struck Cæsar's heart with fear; his hair stood up, + And faintness numb'd his steps there on the brink. + He thus cried out: "Thou thunderer that guard'st + Rome's mighty walls, built on Tarpeian rock! + Ye gods of Phrygia and Ilus' line, + Quirinus' rites, and Latian Jove advanc'd 200 + On Alba hill! O vestal flames! O Rome, + My thoughts sole goddess, aid mine enterprise! + I hate thee not, to thee my conquests stoop: + Cæsar is thine, so please it thee, thy soldier. + He, he afflicts Rome that made me Rome's foe." + This said, he, laying aside all lets[595] of war, + Approach'd the swelling stream with drum and ensign: + Like to a lion of scorch'd desert Afric, + Who, seeing hunters, pauseth till fell wrath + And kingly rage increase, then, having whisk'd 210 + His tail athwart his back, and crest heav'd up, + With jaws wide-open ghastly roaring out, + Albeit the Moor's light javelin or his spear + Sticks in his side, yet runs upon the hunter. + In summer-time the purple Rubicon, + Which issues from a small spring, is but shallow, + And creeps along the vales, dividing just + The bounds of Italy from Cisalpine France. + But now the winter's wrath, and watery moon + Being three days old, enforc'd the flood to swell, 220 + And frozen Alps thaw'd with resolving winds. + The thunder-hoof'd[596] horse, in a crookèd line, + To scape the violence of the stream, first waded; + Which being broke, the foot had easy passage. + As soon as Cæsar got unto the bank + And bounds of Italy, "Here, here," saith he, + "An end of peace; here end polluted laws! + Hence leagues and covenants! Fortune, thee I follow! + War and the Destinies shall try my cause." + This said, the restless general through the dark, 230 + Swifter than bullets thrown from Spanish slings, + Or darts which Parthians backward shoot, march'd on; + And then, when Lucifer did shine alone, + And some dim stars, he Ariminum enter'd. + Day rose, and view'd these tumults of the war: + Whether the gods or blustering south were cause + I know not, but the cloudy air did frown. + The soldiers having won the market-place, + There spread the colours with confusèd noise + Of trumpets' clang, shrill cornets, whistling fifes. 240 + The people started; young men left their beds, + And snatch'd arms near their household-gods hung up, + Such as peace yields; worm-eaten leathern targets, + Through which the wood peer'd,[597] headless darts, old swords + With ugly teeth of black rust foully scarr'd. + But seeing white eagles, and Rome's flags well known, + And lofty Cæsar in the thickest throng, + They shook for fear, and cold benumb'd their limbs, + And muttering much, thus to themselves complain'd: + "O walls unfortunate, too near to France! 250 + Predestinate to ruin! all lands else + Have stable peace: here war's rage first begins; + We bide the first brunt. Safer might we dwell + Under the frosty bear, or parching east, + Waggons or tents, than in this frontier town. + We first sustain'd the uproars of the Gauls + And furious Cimbrians, and of Carthage Moors: + As oft as Rome was sack'd, here gan the spoil." + Thus sighing whisper'd they, and none durst speak, + And show their fear or grief; but as the fields 260 + When birds are silent thorough winter's rage, + Or sea far from the land, so all were whist,[598] + Now light had quite dissolv'd the misty night, + And Cæsar's mind unsettled musing stood; + But gods and fortune pricked him to this war, + Infringing all excuse of modest shame, + And labouring to approve[599] his quarrel good. + The angry senate, urging Gracchus'[600] deeds, + From doubtful Rome wrongly expell'd the tribunes + That cross'd them: both which now approach'd the camp, 270 + And with them Curio, sometime tribune too, + One that was fee'd for Cæsar, and whose tongue + Could tune the people to the nobles' mind.[601] + "Cæsar," said he, "while eloquence prevail'd, + And I might plead and draw the commons' minds + To favour thee, against the senate's will, + Five years I lengthen'd thy command in France; + But law being put to silence by the wars, + We, from her houses driven, most willingly + Suffer'd exile: let thy sword bring us home, 280 + Now, while their part is weak and fears, march hence: + Where men are ready lingering ever hurts.[602] + In ten years wonn'st thou France: Rome may be won + With far less toil, and yet the honour's more; + Few battles fought with prosperous success + May bring her down, and with her all the world. + Nor shalt thou triumph when thou com'st to Rome, + Nor Capitol be adorn'd with sacred bays; + Envy denies all; with thy blood must thou + Aby thy conquest past:[603] the son decrees 290 + To expel the father: share the world thou canst not; + Enjoy it all thou mayst." Thus Curio spake; + And therewith Cæsar, prone enough to war, + Was so incens'd as are Elean[604] steeds. + With clamours, who, though lock'd and chain'd in stalls,[605] + Souse[606] down the walls, and make a passage forth. + Straight summon'd he his several companies + Unto the standard: his grave look appeas'd + The wrestling tumult, and right hand made silence; + And thus he spake: "You that with me have borne 300 + A thousand brunts, and tried me full ten years, + See how they quit our bloodshed in the north, + Our friends' death, and our wounds, our wintering + Under the Alps! Rome rageth now in arms + As if the Carthage Hannibal were near; + Cornets of horse are muster'd for the field; + Woods turn'd to ships; both land and sea against us. + Had foreign wars ill-thriv'd, or wrathful France + Pursu'd us hither, how were we bested, + When, coming conqueror, Rome afflicts me thus? 310 + Let come their leader[607] whom long peace hath quail'd, + Raw soldiers lately press'd, and troops of gowns, + Babbling[608] Marcellus, Cato whom fools reverence! + Must Pompey's followers, with strangers' aid + (Whom from his youth he brib'd), needs make him king? + And shall he triumph long before his time, + And, having once got head, still shall he reign? + What should I talk of men's corn reap'd by force, + And by him kept of purpose for a dearth? + Who sees not war sit by the quivering judge, 320 + And sentence given in rings of naked swords, + And laws assail'd, and arm'd men in the senate? + 'Twas his troop hemm'd in Milo being accus'd; + And now, lest age might wane his state, he casts + For civil war, wherein through use he's known + To exceed his master, that arch-traitor Sylla. + A[s] brood of barbarous tigers, having lapp'd + The blood of many a herd, whilst with their dams + They kennell'd in Hyrcania, evermore + Will rage and prey; so, Pompey, thou, having lick'd 330 + Warm gore from Sylla's sword, art yet athirst: + Jaws flesh[ed] with blood continue murderous. + Speak, when shall this thy long-usurped power end? + What end of mischief? Sylla teaching thee, + At last learn, wretch, to leave thy monarchy! + What, now Sicilian[609] pirates are suppress'd, + And jaded[610] king of Pontus poison'd slain, + Must Pompey as his last foe plume on me, + Because at his command I wound not up + My conquering eagles? say I merit naught,[611] 340 + Yet, for long service done, reward these men, + And so they triumph, be't with whom ye will. + Whither now shall these old bloodless souls repair? + What seats for their deserts? what store of ground + For servitors to till? what colonies + To rest their bones? say, Pompey, are these worse + Than pirates of Sicilia?[612] they had houses. + Spread, spread these flags that ten years' space have conquer'd! + Let's use our tried force: they that now thwart right, + In wars will yield to wrong:[613] the gods are with us; 350 + Neither spoil nor kingdom seek we by these arms, + But Rome, at thraldom's feet, to rid from tyrants." + This spoke, none answer'd, but a murmuring buzz + Th' unstable people made: their household-gods + And love to Rome (though slaughter steel'd their hearts, + And minds were prone) restrain'd them; but war's love + And Cæsar's awe dash'd all. Then Lælius,[614] + The chief centurion, crown'd with oaken leaves + For saving of a Roman citizen, + Stepp'd forth, and cried: "Chief leader of Rome's force, + So be I may be bold to speak a truth, 361 + We grieve at this thy patience and delay. + What, doubt'st thou us? even now when youthful blood + Pricks forth our lively bodies, and strong arms + Can mainly throw the dart, wilt thou endure + These purple grooms, that senate's tyranny? + Is conquest got by civil war so heinous? + Well, lead us, then, to Syrtes' desert shore, + Or Scythia, or hot Libya's thirsty sands. + This band, that all behind us might be quail'd, 370 + Hath with thee pass'd the swelling ocean, + And swept the foaming breast of Arctic[615] Rhene. + Love over-rules my will; I must obey thee, + Cæsar: he whom I hear thy trumpets charge, + I hold no Roman; by these ten blest ensigns + And all thy several triumphs, shouldst thou bid me + Entomb my sword within my brother's bowels, + Or father's throat, or women's groaning[616] womb, + This hand, albeit unwilling, should perform it? + Or rob the gods, or sacred temples fire, 380 + These troops should soon pull down the church of Jove;[617] + If to encamp on Tuscan Tiber's streams, + I'll boldly quarter out the fields of Rome; + What walls thou wilt be levell'd with the ground, + These hands shall thrust the ram, and make them fly, + Albeit the city thou wouldst have so raz'd + Be Rome itself." Here every band applauded, + And, with their hands held up, all jointly cried + They'll follow where he please. The shouts rent heaven, + As when against pine-bearing Ossa's rocks 390 + Beats Thracian Boreas, or when trees bow[618] down + And rustling swing up as the wind fets[619] breath. + When Cæsar saw his army prone to war, + And Fates so bent, lest sloth and long delay + Might cross him, he withdrew his troops from France, + And in all quarters musters men for Rome. + They by Lemannus' nook forsook their tents; + They whom[620] the Lingones foil'd with painted spears, + Under the rocks by crookèd Vogesus; + And many came from shallow Isara, 400 + Who, running long, falls in a greater flood, + And, ere he sees the sea, loseth his name; + The yellow Ruthens left their garrisons; + Mild Atax glad it bears not Roman boats,[621] + And frontier Varus that the camp is far, + Sent aid; so did Alcides' port, whose seas + Eat hollow rocks, and where the north-west wind + Nor zephyr rules not, but the north alone + Turmoils the coast, and enterance forbids; + And others came from that uncertain shore 410 + Which is nor sea nor land, but ofttimes both, + And changeth as the ocean ebbs and flows; + Whether the sea roll'd always from that point + Whence the wind blows, still forcèd to and fro; + Or that the wandering main follow the moon; + Or flaming Titan, feeding on the deep, + Pulls them aloft, and makes the surge kiss heaven; + Philosophers, look you; for unto me, + Thou cause, whate'er thou be, whom God assigns + This great effect, art hid. They came that dwell 420 + By Nemes' fields and banks of Satirus,[622] + Where Tarbell's winding shores embrace the sea; + The Santons that rejoice in Cæsar's love;[623] + Those of Bituriges,[624] and light Axon[625] pikes; + And they of Rhene and Leuca,[626] cunning darters, + And Sequana that well could manage steeds; + The Belgians apt to govern British cars; + Th' A[r]verni, too, which boldly feign themselves + The Roman's brethren, sprung of Ilian race; + The stubborn Nervians stain'd with Cotta's blood; 430 + And Vangions who, like those of Sarmata, + Wear open slops;[627] and fierce Batavians, + Whom trumpet's clang incites; and those that dwell + By Cinga's stream, and where swift Rhodanus + Drives Araris to sea; they near the hills, + Under whose hoary rocks Gebenna hangs; + And, Trevier, thou being glad that wars are past thee; + And you, late-shorn Ligurians, who were wont + In large-spread hair to exceed the rest of France; + And where to Hesus and fell Mercury[628] 440 + They offer human flesh, and where Jove seems + Bloody like Dian, whom the Scythians serve. + And you, French Bardi, whose immortal pens + Renown the valiant souls slain in your wars, + Sit safe at home and chant sweet poesy. + And, Druides, you now in peace renew + Your barbarous customs and sinister rites: + In unfell'd woods and sacred groves you dwell; + And only gods and heavenly powers you know, + Or only know you nothing; for you hold 450 + That souls pass not to silent Erebus + Or Pluto's bloodless kingdom, but elsewhere + Resume a body; so (if truth you sing) + Death brings long life. Doubtless these northern men, + Whom death, the greatest of all fears, affright not, + Are blest by such sweet error; this makes them + Run on the sword's point, and desire to die, + And shame to spare life which being lost is won. + You likewise that repuls'd the Caÿc foe, + March towards Rome; and you, fierce men of Rhene, 460 + Leaving your country open to the spoil. + These being come, their huge power made him bold + To manage greater deeds; the bordering towns + He garrison'd; and Italy he fill'd with soldiers. + Vain fame increased true fear, and did invade + The people's minds, and laid before their eyes + Slaughter to come, and, swiftly bringing news + Of present war, made many lies and tales: + One swears his troops of daring horsemen fought + Upon Mevania's plain, where bulls are graz'd; 470 + Other that Cæsar's barbarous bands were spread + Along Nar flood that into Tiber falls, + And that his own ten ensigns and the rest + March'd not entirely, and yet hide the ground; + And that he's much chang'd, looking wild and big, + And far more barbarous than the French, his vassals; + And that he lags[629] behind with them, of purpose, + Borne 'twixt the Alps and Rhene, which he hath brought + From out their northern parts,[630] and that Rome, + He looking on, by these men should be sack'd. 480 + Thus in his fright did each man strengthen fame, + And, without ground, fear'd what themselves had feign'd. + Nor were the commons only struck to heart + With this vain terror; but the court, the senate, + The fathers selves leap'd from their seats, and, flying, + Left hateful war decreed to both the consuls. + Then, with their fear and danger all-distract, + Their sway of flight carries the heady rout,[631] + That in chain'd[632] troops break forth at every port: + You would have thought their houses had been fir'd, 490 + Or, dropping-ripe, ready to fall with ruin. + So rush'd the inconsiderate multitude + Thorough the city, hurried headlong on, + As if the only hope that did remain + To their afflictions were t' abandon Rome. + Look how, when stormy Auster from the breach + Of Libyan Syrtes rolls a monstrous wave, + Which makes the main-sail fall with hideous sound, + The pilot from the helm leaps in the sea, + And mariners, albeit the keel be sound, 500 + Shipwreck themselves; even so, the city left, + All rise in arms; nor could the bed-rid parents + Keep back their sons, or women's tears their husbands: + They stayed not either to pray or sacrifice; + Their household-gods restrain them not; none lingered, + As loath to leave Rome whom they held so dear: + Th' irrevocable people fly in troops. + O gods, that easy grant men great estates, + But hardly grace to keep them! Rome, that flows + With citizens and captives,[633] and would hold 510 + The world, were it together, is by cowards + Left as a prey, now Cæsar doth approach. + When Romans are besieged by foreign foes, + With slender trench they escape night-stratagems, + And sudden rampire rais'd of turf snatched up, + Would make them sleep securely in their tents. + Thou, Rome, at name of war runn'st from thyself, + And wilt not trust thy city-walls one night: + Well might these fear, when Pompey feared and fled. + Now evermore, lest some one hope might ease 520 + The commons' jangling minds, apparent signs arose, + Strange sights appeared; the angry threatening gods + Filled both the earth and seas with prodigies. + Great store of strange and unknown stars were seen + Wandering about the north, and rings of fire + Fly in the air, and dreadful bearded stars, + And comets that presage the fall of kingdoms; + The flattering[634] sky glittered in often flames, + And sundry fiery meteors blazed in heaven, + Now spear-like long, now like a spreading torch; 530 + Lightning in silence stole forth without clouds, + And, from the northern climate snatching fire, + Blasted the Capitol; the lesser stars, + Which wont to run their course through empty night, + At noon-day mustered; Phoebe, having filled + Her meeting horns to match her brother's light, + Struck with th' earth's sudden shadow, waxèd pale; + Titan himself, throned in the midst of heaven, + His burning chariot plunged in sable clouds, + And whelmed the world in darkness, making men 540 + Despair of day; as did Thyestes' town, + Mycenæ, Phoebus flying through the east. + Fierce Mulciber unbarrèd Ætna's gate, + Which flamèd not on high, but headlong pitched + Her burning head on bending Hespery. + Coal-black Charybdis whirled a sea of blood. + Fierce mastives howled. The vestal fires went out; + The flame in Alba, consecrate to Jove, + Parted in twain, and with a double point + Rose, like the Theban brothers' funeral fire. 550 + The earth went off her hinges; and the Alps + Shook the old snow from off their trembling laps.[635] + The ocean swelled as high as Spanish Calpe + Or Atlas' head. Their saints and household-gods + Sweat tears, to show the travails of their city: + Crowns fell from holy statues. Ominous birds + Defiled the day; and wild beasts were seen,[636] + Leaving the woods, lodge in the streets of Rome. + Cattle were seen that muttered human speech; + Prodigious births with more and ugly joints 560 + Than nature gives, whose sight appals the mother; + And dismal prophecies were spread abroad: + And they, whom fierce Bellona's fury moves + To wound their arms, sing vengeance; Cybel's[637] priests, + Curling their bloody locks, howl dreadful things. + Souls quiet and appeas'd sighed from their graves; + Clashing of arms was heard; in untrod woods + Shrill voices schright;[638] and ghosts encounter men. + Those that inhabited the suburb-fields + Fled: foul Erinnys stalked about the walls, 570 + Shaking her snaky hair and crookèd pine + With flaming top; much like that hellish fiend + Which made the stern Lycurgus wound his thigh, + Or fierce Agave mad; or like Megæra + That scar'd Alcides, when by Juno's task + He had before look'd Pluto in the face. + Trumpets were heard to sound; and with what noise + An armèd battle joins, such and more strange + Black night brought forth in secret. Sylla's ghost + Was seen to walk, singing sad oracles; 580 + And Marius' head above cold Tav'ron[639] peering, + His grave broke open, did affright the boors. + To these ostents, as their old custom was, + They call th' Etrurian augurs: amongst whom + The gravest, Arruns, dwelt in forsaken Leuca[640] + Well-skill'd in pyromancy; one that knew + The hearts of beasts, and flight of wandering fowls. + First he commands such monsters Nature hatch'd + Against her kind, the barren mule's loath'd issue, + To be cut forth[641] and cast in dismal fires; 590 + Then, that the trembling citizens should walk + About the city; then, the sacred priests + That with divine lustration purg'd the walls, + And went the round, in and without the town; + Next, an inferior troop, in tuck'd-up vestures, + After the Gabine manner; then, the nuns + And their veil'd matron, who alone might view + Minerva's statue; then, they that kept and read + Sibylla's secret works, and wash[642] their saint + In Almo's flood; next learnèd augurs follow; 600 + Apollo's soothsayers, and Jove's feasting priests; + The skipping Salii with shields like wedges; + And Flamens last, with net-work woollen veils. + While these thus in and out had circled Rome, + Look, what the lightning blasted, Arruns takes, + And it inters with murmurs dolorous, + And calls the place Bidental. On the altar + He lays a ne'er-yok'd bull, and pours down wine, + Then crams salt leaven on his crookèd knife: + The beast long struggled, as being like to prove 610 + An awkward sacrifice; but by the horns + The quick priest pulled him on his knees, and slew him. + No vein sprung out, but from the yawning gash, + Instead of red blood, wallow'd venomous gore. + These direful signs made Arruns stand amazed, + And searching farther for the gods' displeasure, + The very colour scared him; a dead blackness + Ran through the blood, that turned it all to jelly, + And stained the bowels with dark loathsome spots; + The liver swelled with filth; and every vein 620 + Did threaten horror from the host of Cæsar + A small thin skin contained the vital parts; + The heart stirred not; and from the gaping liver + Squeezed matter through the caul; the entrails peered; + And which (ay me!) ever pretendeth[643] ill, + At that bunch where the liver is, appear'd + A knob of flesh, whereof one half did look + Dead and discolour'd, th' other lean and thin.[644] + By these he seeing what mischiefs must ensue, + Cried out, "O gods, I tremble to unfold 630 + What you intend! great Jove is now displeas'd; + And in the breast of this slain bull are crept + Th' infernal powers. My fear transcends my words; + Yet more will happen than I can unfold: + Turn all to good, be augury vain, and Tages, + Th' art's master, false!" Thus, in ambiguous terms + Involving all, did Arruns darkly sing. + But Figulus, more seen in heavenly mysteries, + Whose like Ægyptian Memphis never had + For skill in stars and tuneful planeting,[645] 640 + In this sort spake: "The world's swift course is lawless + And casual; all the stars at random range;[646] + Or if fate rule them, Rome, thy citizens + Are near some plague. What mischief shall ensue? + Shall towns be swallow'd? shall the thicken'd air + Become intemperate? shall the earth be barren? + Shall water be congeal'd and turn'd to ice?[647] + O gods, what death prepare ye? with what plague + Mean ye to rage? the death of many men + Meets in one period. If cold noisome Saturn 650 + Were now exalted, and with blue beams shin'd, + Then Ganymede[648] would renew Deucalion's flood, + And in the fleeting sea the earth be drench'd. + O Phoebus, shouldst thou with thy rays now singe + The fell Nemæan beast, th' earth would be fir'd, + And heaven tormented with thy chafing heat: + But thy fires hurt not. Mars, 'tis thou inflam'st + The threatening Scorpion with the burning tail, + And fir'st his cleys:[649] why art thou thus enrag'd? + Kind Jupiter hath low declin'd himself; 660 + Venus is faint; swift Hermes retrograde; + Mars only rules the heaven. Why do the planets + Alter their course, and vainly dim their virtue? + Sword-girt Orion's side glisters too bright: + War's rage draws near; and to the sword's strong hand + Let all laws yield, sin bears the name of virtue: + Many a year these furious broils let last: + Why should we wish the gods should ever end them? + War only gives us peace. O Rome, continue + The course of mischief, and stretch out the date 670 + Of slaughter! only civil broils make peace." + These sad presages were enough to scare + The quivering Romans; but worse things affright them. + As Mænas[650] full of wine on Pindus raves, + So runs a matron through th' amazèd streets, + Disclosing Phoebus' fury in this sort; + "Pæan, whither am I haled? where shall I fall, + Thus borne aloft? I seen Pangæus' hill + With hoary top, and, under Hæmus' mount, + Philippi plains. Phoebus, what rage is this? 680 + Why grapples Rome, and makes war, having no foes? + Whither turn I now? thou lead'st me toward th' east, + Where Nile augmenteth the Pelusian sea: + This headless trunk that lies on Nilus' sand + I know. Now th[o]roughout the air I fly + To doubtful Syrtes and dry Afric, where + A Fury leads the Emathian bands. From thence + To the pine-bearing[651] hills; thence[652] to the mounts + Pyrene; and so back to Rome again. + See, impious war defiles the senate-house! 690 + New factions rise. Now through the world again + I go. O Phoebus, show me Neptune's shore, + And other regions! I have seen Philippi." + This said, being tir'd with fury, she sunk down. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[579] Old ed. "launcht."--The forms "lanch" and "lance" are used +indifferently. + +[580] Alike. + +[581] "Et ardenti _servilia_ bella sub Ætna." + +[582] "Nec polus adversi _calidus_ qua vergitur Austri." + +[583] "_Obliquo_ sidere." + +[584] Axis. + +[585] Tumults. + +[586] + + "Summisque negatum, + Stare diu." + +[587] Far-fetched. + +[588] "Exiguum dominos commisit asylum." + +[589] "So old ed. in some copies which had been corrected at press; +other copies 'Aezean.'"--_Dyce_. + +[590] Carræ's. + +[591] A somewhat weak translation of Lucan's most famous line:--"Victrix +causa diis placuit, sed victa Catoni." + +[592] As the line stands we must take "nod" and "fall" transitively +("though every blast make it nod and seem to make it fall"). The +original has "At quamvis primo nutet casura sub Euro." + +[593] "Fecunda virorum / Paupertas." + +[594] "Ingens visa duci patriae _trepidantis_ imago." + +[595] "Inde _moras_ solvit belli." + +[596] "Sonipes." + +[597] "Nuda jam crate fluentes / Invadunt clypeos." + +[598] Silent. + +[599] Prove. + +[600] "Jactatis ... _Gracchis_." + +[601] Marlowe omits to translate the words that follow in the +original:-- + + "Utque ducem varias volventem pectore curas + Conspexit." + +[602] A line (omitted by Marlowe) follows in the original:--"Par labor +atque metus pretio majore petuntur." + +[603] An obscure rendering of + + "Gentesque subactas + Vix impune feres." + +[604] Old ed. "Eleius." It is hardly possible to suppose (as Dyce +suggests) that Marlowe took the adjective "Eleus" for a substantive. + +[605] A mistranslation of "carcere clauso." ("Carcer" is the barrier or +starting-place in the circus.) + +[606] "Immineat foribus." "Souse" is a north-country word meaning to +bang or dash. It is also applied to the swooping-down of a hawk. + +[607] Old ed. "leaders." + +[608] So Dyce for the old ed's. "Brabbling." The original has +"Marcellusque _loquax_." ("Brabbling" means "wrangling.") + +[609] A mistake (or perhaps merely a misprint) for "Cilician." + +[610] Old ed. has "Jaded, king of Pontus!" + +[611] "Unless we understand this in the sense of--say I receive no +reward (--and in Fletcher's _Woman-Hater_, 'merit' means--derive profit, +B. and F.'s _Works_, i. 91, ed. Dyce,--), it is a wrong translation of +'mihi si merces erepta laborum est.'"--_Dyce_. + +[612] "Sicilia" should be "Cilicia." + +[613] A free translation of the frigid original-- + + "Arma tenenti + Omnia dat qui justa negat." + +[614] Old ed. "Lalius." + +[615] Old ed. "_Articks_ Rhene." ("Rhene" is the old form of "Rhine.") + +[616] So old ed. Dyce's correction "or groaning woman's womb" seems +hardly necessary. (The original has "plenaeque in viscera partu +conjugis.") + +[617] "Numina miscebit castrensis flamma _Monetae_." + +[618] Old ed. "bowde." + +[619] Fetches. + +[620] The original has-- + + "Castraque quae, Vogesi curvam super ardua rupem, + Pugnaces pictis cohibebant _Lingonas_ armis." + +Dyce conjectures that Marlowe's copy read _Lingones_. + +[621] Old ed. "bloats." + +[622] + + "Tunc rura Nemossi + Qui tenet et ripas Aturi." + +[623] Marlowe seems to have read here very ridiculously, "gaudetque +amato [instead of amoto] Santonus hoste."--_Dyce_. + +[624] Marlowe has converted the name of a tribe into that of a country. + +[625] The approved reading is "longisque leves _Suessones_ in armis." + +[626] "Optimus excusso _Leucus Rhemusque_ lacerto." + +[627] "Et qui te _laxis_ imitantur, Sarmata, _bracchis_ Vangiones." + +Marlowe has mistaken "Sarmata," a _Sarmatian_, for the country +_Sarmatia_. + +[628] The old ed. gives "fell Mercury (Joue)," and in the next line +"where it seems." "Jove" written, as a correction, in the MS. above "it" +was supposed by the printer to belong to the previous line. + +[629] The original has-- + +"Hunc inter Rhenum populos Alpesque jacentes, / Finibus Arctois +patriaque a sede revulsos, / Pone sequi."/ ("Populos" is the subject and +"Hunc" the object of "sequi." For "Hunc" the best editions give "Tunc.") + +[630] "Parts" must be pronounced as a dissyllable. + +[631] "Praecipitem populum." + +[632] "Serieque haerentia longa / Agmina prorumpunt." + +[633] "Urbem populis, _victisque_ frequentem Gentibus."--Old ed. +"captaines." + +[634] "Fulgura _fallaci_ micuerunt crebra sereno." + +[635] The original has, "_jugis_ nutantibus." Dyce reads "tops,"--an +emendation against which Cunningham loudly protests. "Laps" is certainly +more emphatic. + +[636] The line is imperfect. We should have expected "_at night_ wild +beasts were seen" ("silvisque feras _sub nocte_ relictis"). + +[637] Old ed. "Sibils." + +[638] Shrieked. + +[639] "Gelidas _Anienis_ ad undas." + +[640] "Or Lunæ"--marginal note in old ed. + +[641] The original has "rapi." + +[642] Old ed. "wash'd." + +[643] Portendeth. + +[644] Here Marlowe quite deserts the original-- + + "pars ægra et marcida pendet, + _Pars micat, et celeri venas movet improba pulsu_." + +[645] "Numerisque moventibus astra."--The word "planeting" was, I +suppose, coined by Marlowe. I have never met it elsewhere. + +[646] So Dyce.--Old ed. "radge." (The original has "et incerto +_discurrunt_ sidera motu.") + +[647] "Omnis an effusis miscebitur unda _venenis_."--Dyce suggests that +Marlowe's copy read "pruinis." + +[648] The original has "Aquarius."--Ganymede was changed into the sign +Aquarius: see Hyginus' _Poeticon Astron._ II. 29. + +[649] Claws. + +[650] A Mænad.--Old ed. "Mænus." + +[651] The original has "Nubiferæ." + +[652] Old ed. "hence." + + + + +THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE. + + + + +THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE.[653] + + + Come[654] live with me and be my love, + And we will all the pleasures prove + That hills and vallies, dales and fields,[655] + Woods or steepy mountain yields.[656] + + And we will[657] sit upon the rocks, + Seeing[658] the shepherds feed their[659] flocks + By shallow rivers to whose falls + Melodious birds sing[660] madrigals. + + And I will make thee beds of roses[661] + And[662] a thousand fragrant posies, + A cup of flowers and a kirtle + Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle. + + A gown[663] made of the finest wooll + Which from our pretty lambs we pull; + Fair-linèd[664] slippers for the cold, + With buckles of the purest gold. + + A belt of straw and ivy-buds, + With coral clasps and amber studs; + An if these pleasures may thee move, + Come[665] live with me, and be my love. + + The shepherd-swains[666] shall dance and sing + For thy delight each May-morning: + If these delights thy mind may move, + Then live with me, and be my love. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[653] This delightful pastoral song was first published, without the +fourth and sixth stanzas, in _The Passionate Pilgrim_, 1599. It appeared +complete in _England's Helicon_, 1600, with Marlowe's name subscribed. +By quoting it in the _Complete Angler_, 1653, Izaak Walton has made it +known to a world of readers. + +[654] Omitted in P. P. + +[655] So P. P.--E. H. "That vallies, groves, hills and fieldes."--Walton +"That vallies, groves, or hils or fields." + +[656] So E. H.--P. P. "And the craggy mountain yields."--Walton "Or, +woods and steepie mountains yeelds." + +[657] So E. H.--P. P. "There will we."--Walton "Where we will." + +[658] So E. H.--P. P. and Walton "And see." + +[659] So E. H. and P. P.--Walton "our." + +[660] So P. P. and Walton.--E. H. "sings." + +[661] So E. H. and Walton.--P. P. "There will I make thee a bed of +roses." + +[662] So E. H.--P. P. "With."--Walton "And then." + +[663] This stanza is omitted in P. P. + +[664] So E. H.--Walton "Slippers lin'd choicely." + +[665] So E. H. and Walton.--P. P. "Then."--After this stanza there +follows in the second edition of the _Complete Angler_, 1655, an +additional stanza:-- + + "Thy silver dishes for thy meat + As precious as the gods do eat, + Shall on an ivory table be + Prepar'd each day for thee and me." + +[666] This stanza is omitted in P. P.--E. H. and Walton "The +sheep-heards swaines." + + + + + [In _England's Helicon_ Marlowe's song is followed by the "Nymph's + Reply to the Shepherd" and "Another of the same Nature made since." + Both are signed _Ignoto_, but the first of these pieces has been + usually ascribed to Sir Walter Raleigh[667]--on no very substantial + grounds.] + + +THE NYMPH'S REPLY TO THE SHEPHERD. + + + If all the world and love were young, + And truth in every Shepherd's tongue, + These pretty pleasures might me move + To live with thee, and be thy love. + + Times drives the flocks from field to fold, + When rivers rage and rocks grow cold, + And Philomel becometh dumb, + The rest complains of cares to come. + + The flowers do fade and wanton fields + To wayward winter reckoning yields; + A honey tongue, a heart of gall, + Is fancy's spring, but sorrow's fall. + + Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy beds of roses, + Thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy posies, + Soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten; + In folly ripe, in reason rotten. + + Thy belt of straw and ivy buds, + Thy coral clasps and amber studs, + All these to me no means can move + To come to thee, and be thy love. + + But could youth last and love still breed, + Had joys no date nor age no need, + Then these delights my mind might move + To live with thee, and be thy love. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[667] Oldys in his annotated copy (preserved in the British Museum) of +Langbaine's _Engl. Dram. Poets_, under the article _Marlowe_ +remarks:--"Sir Walter Raleigh was an encourager of his [_i.e._ +Marlowe's] Muse; and he wrote an answer to a Pastoral Sonnet of Sir +Walter's [_sic_], printed by Isaac Walton in his book of fishing." It +would be pleasant to think that Marlowe enjoyed Raleigh's patronage; but +Oldys gives no authority for his statement. + + + + +ANOTHER OF THE SAME NATURE MADE SINCE. + + + Come live with me, and be my dear, + And we will revel all the year, + In plains and groves, on hills and dales, + Where fragrant air breathes sweetest gales. + + There shall you have the beauteous pine, + The cedar, and the spreading vine; + And all the woods to be a screen, + Lest Phoebus kiss my Summer's Queen. + + The seat for your disport shall be + Over some river in a tree, + Where silver sands and pebbles sing + Eternal ditties to the spring. + + There shall you see the nymphs at play, + And how the satyrs spend the day; + The fishes gliding on the sands, + Offering their bellies to your hands. + + The birds with heavenly tunèd throats + Possess woods' echoes with sweet notes, + Which to your senses will impart + A music to enflame the heart. + + Upon the bare and leafless oak + The ring-doves' wooings will provoke + A colder blood than you possess + To play with me and do no less. + + In bowers of laurel trimly dight + We will out-wear the silent night, + While Flora busy is to spread + Her richest treasure on our bed. + + Ten thousand glow-worms shall attend, + And all these sparkling lights shall spend + All to adorn and beautify + Your lodging with most majesty. + + Then in mine arms will I enclose + Lilies' fair mixture with the rose, + Whose nice perfection in love's play + Shall tune me to the highest key. + + Thus as we pass the welcome night + In sportful pleasures and delight, + The nimble fairies on the grounds, + Shall dance and sing melodious sounds. + + If these may serve for to entice + Your presence to Love's Paradise, + Then come with me, and be my dear, + And we will then begin the year. + + + + +The following verses in imitation of Marlowe are by Donne:-- + + +THE BAIT. + + Come live with me, and be my love, + And we will some new pleasure prove + Of golden sands and christal brooks + With silken lines and silver hooks. + + There will the river whispering run, + Warm'd by thine eyes more than the sun; + And there th' enamoured fish will stay + Begging themselves they may betray. + + When thou wilt swim in that live bath, + Each fish which every channel hath + Will amorously to thee swim, + Gladder to catch thee than thou him. + + If thou to be so seen beest loath + By sun or moon, thou darkenest both; + And if my self have leave to see, + I heed not their light, having thee. + + Let others freeze with angling reeds + And cut their legs with shells and weeds, + Or treacherously poor fish beset + With strangling snare or winding net. + + Let coarse bold hands from slimy nest + The bedded fish in banks outwrest, + Or curious traitors, sleave-silk flies, + Bewitch poor fishes' wandering eyes. + + For thee, thou need'st no such deceit, + For thou thyself art thine own bait: + That fish that is not catched thereby, + Alas, is wiser far than I. + + + + +Herrick has a pastoral invitation + +TO PHILLIS TO LOVE AND LIVE WITH HIM. + + + Live, live with me, and thou shalt see + The pleasures I'll prepare for thee; + What sweets the country can afford + Shall bless thy bed and bless thy board. + + The soft sweet moss shall be thy bed + With crawling woodbine overspread: + By which the silver-shedding streams + Shall gently melt thee into dreams. + + Thy clothing next shall be a gown + Made of the fleeces' purest down. + The tongues of kids shall be thy meat; + Their milk thy drink; and thou shall eat + + The paste of filberts for thy bread, + With cream of cowslips buttered. + Thy feasting-tables shall be hills + With daisies spread and daffodils; + + Where thou shalt sit, and red-breast by + For meat shall give thee melody. + I'll give thee chains and carcanets + Of primroses and violets. + + A bag and bottle thou shalt have, + That richly wrought and this as brave, + So that as either shall express + The wearer's no mean shepherdess. + + At shearing-times and yearly wakes, + When Themilis his pastime makes, + There thou shalt be; and be the wit, + Nay more, the feast and grace of it. + + On holidays when virgins meet + To dance the hays with nimble feet, + Thou shalt come forth and then appear + The queen of roses for that year; + + And having danced ('bove all the best) + Carry the garland from the rest. + In wicker-baskets maids shall bring + To thee, my dearest shepherdling, + + The blushing apple, bashful pear, + And shame-faced plum all simp'ring there: + Walk in the groves and thou shalt find + The name of Phillis in the rind + + Of every straight and smooth-skin tree, + Where kissing that I'll twice kiss thee. + To thee a sheep-hook I will send + Be-prankt with ribands to this end, + + This, this alluring hook might be + Less for to catch a sheep than me. + Thou shalt have possets, wassails fine, + Not made of ale but spiced wine; + + To make thy maids and self free mirth, + All sitting near the glittering hearth. + Thou shalt have ribbands, roses, rings, + Gloves, garters, stockings, shoes and strings, + Of winning colours that shall move + Others to lust but me to love. + These, nay, and more, thine own shall be + If thou wilt love and live with me. + + + + +FRAGMENT.[668] + + + I walk'd along a stream, for pureness rare, + Brighter than sun-shine; for it did acquaint + The dullest sight with all the glorious prey + That in the pebble-pavèd channel lay. + + No molten crystal, but a richer mine, + Even Nature's rarest alchymy ran there,-- + Diamonds resolv'd, and substance more divine, + Through whose bright-gliding current might appear + A thousand naked nymphs, whose ivory shine, + Enamelling the banks, made them more dear + Than ever was that glorious palace' gate + Where the day-shining Sun in triumph sate. + + Upon this brim the eglantine and rose, + The tamarisk, olive, and the almond tree, + As kind companions, in one union grows, + Folding their twining[669] arms, as oft we see + Turtle-taught lovers either other close, + Lending to dulness feeling sympathy; + And as a costly valance o'er a bed, + So did their garland-tops the brook o'erspread. + + Their leaves, that differ'd both in shape and show, + Though all were green, yet difference such in green, + Like to the checker'd bent of Iris' bow, + Prided the running main, as it had been-- + +FOOTNOTES: + +[668] From _England's Parnassus_, 1600, p. 480, where it is subscribed +"Ch. Marlowe." + +[669] The text of _England's Parnassus_ has "twindring," which is +corrected in the _Errata_, to "twining." + + + + +DIALOGUE IN VERSE.[670] + + +JACK. + + Seest thou not yon farmer's son? + He hath stoln my love from me, alas! + What shall I do? I am undone; + My heart will ne'er be as it was. + O, but he gives her gay gold rings, + And tufted gloves [for] holiday, + And many other goodly things, + That hath stolen my love away. + + +FRIEND. + + Let him give her gay gold rings + Or tufted gloves, were they ne'er so [gay]; 10 + [F]or were her lovers lords or kings, + They should not carry the wench away. + + +[JACK.] + + But 'a dances wonders well, + And with his dances stole her love from me: + Yet she wont to say I bore the bell + For dancing and for courtesy. + + +DICK.[671] + + Fie, lusty younker, what do you here, + Not dancing on the green to-day? + For Pierce, the farmer's son, I fear, + Is like to carry your wench away. 20 + + +[JACK.] + + Good Dick, bid them all come hither, + And tell Pierce from me beside, + That, if he thinks to have the wench, + Here he stands shall lie with the bride. + + +DICK.[672] + + Fie, Nan, why use thy old lover so, + For any other new-come guest? + Thou long time his love did know; + Why shouldst thou not use him best? + + +[NAN.] + + Bonny Dick, I will not forsake + My bonny Rowland for any gold: 30 + If he can dance as well as Pierce, + He shall have my heart in hold. + + +PIERCE. + + Why, then, my hearts, let's to this gear; + And by dancing I may won + My Nan, whose love I hold so dear + As any realm under the sun. + + +GENTLEMAN.[673] + + Then, gentles, ere I speed from hence + I will be so bold to dance + A turn or two without offence; + For, as I was walking along by chance, 40 + I was told you did agree. + + +[FRIEND.] + + 'Tis true, good sir; and this is she + Hopes your worship comes not to crave her; + For she hath lovers two or three, + And he that dances best must have her. + + +GENTLEMAN. + + How say you, sweet, will you dance with me? + And you [shall] have both land and [hill]; + My love shall want nor gold nor fee. + + +[NAN.] + + I thank you, sir, for your good will; + But one of these my love must be: 50 + I'm but a homely country maid, + And far unfit for your degree; + [To dance with you I am afraid.] + + +FRIEND. + + Take her, good sir, by the hand, + As she is fairest; were she fairer, + By this dance, you shall understand, + He that can win her is like to wear her. + + +FOOL. + + And saw you not [my] Nan to-day, + My mother's maid have you not seen? + My pretty Nan is gone away 60 + To seek her love upon the green. + [I cannot see her 'mong so many:] + She shall have me, if she have any. + + +NAN.[674] + + Welcome, sweet-heart, and welcome here, + Welcome, my [true] love, now to me. + This is my love [and my darling dear], + And that my husband [soon] must be. + And, boy, when thou com'st home thou'lt see + Thou art as welcome home as he. + + +GENTLEMAN. + + Why, how now, sweet Nan! I hope you jest. 70 + + +NAN.[675] + + No, by my troth, I love the fool the best: + And, if you be jealous, God give you good-night! + I fear you're a gelding, you caper so light. + + +GENTLEMAN. + + I thought she had jested and meant but a fable, + But now do I see she hath play'[d] with his bable.[676] + I wish all my friends by me to take heed, + That a fool come not near you when you mean to speed. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[670] First printed in _The Alleyn Papers_ (for the Shakespeare +Society), p. 8, by Collier, who remarks:--"In the original MS. this +dramatic dialogue in verse is written as prose, on one side of a sheet +of paper, at the back of which, in a more modern hand, is the name 'Kitt +Marlowe.' What connection, if any, he may have had with it, it is +impossible to determine, but it was obviously worthy of preservation, as +a curious stage-relic of an early date, and unlike anything else of the +kind that has come down to us. In consequence of haste or ignorance on +the part of the writer of the manuscript, it has been necessary to +supply some portions, which are printed within brackets. There are also +some obvious errors in the distribution of the dialogue, which it was +not easy to correct. The probability is that, when performed, it was +accompanied with music." + +[671] MS. "Jack." + +[672] MS. "W. Fre."--which Dyce supposed to be an abbreviation for +_Wench's Friend_. + +[673] MS. "Frend." + +[674] MS. "Wen" (_i.e._ Wench). + +[675] MS. "Wen." + +[676] Bauble. + + + + +APPENDICES. + + + + +APPENDICES. + + + + +No. I. + +THE ATHEIST'S TRAGEDIE.[677] + + + All you that have got eares to heare, + Now listen unto mee; + Whilst I do tell a tale of feare; + A true one it shall bee: + + A truer storie nere was told, + As some alive can showe; + 'Tis of a man in crime grown olde, + Though age he did not know. + + This man did his owne God denie + And Christ his onelie son, + And did all punishment defie, + So he his course might run. + + Both day and night would he blaspheme, + And day and night would sweare, + As if his life was but a dreame, + Not ending in dispaire. + + A poet was he of repute, + And wrote full many a playe, + Now strutting in a silken sute, + Then begging by the way. + + He had alsoe a player beene + Upon the Curtaine-stage, + But brake his leg in one lewd scene, + When in his early age. + + He was a fellow to all those + That did God's laws reject, + Consorting with the Christians' foes + And men of ill aspect. + + Ruffians and cutpurses hee + Had ever at his backe, + And led a life most foule and free, + To his eternall wracke. + + He now is gone to his account, + And gone before his time, + Did not his wicked deedes surmount + All precedent of crime. + + But he no warning ever tooke + From others' wofull fate, + And never gave his life a looke + Untill it was too late. + + He had a friend, once gay and greene.[678] + Who died not long before, + The wofull'st wretch was ever seen, + The worst ere woman bore, + + Unlesse this Wormall[679] did exceede + Even him in wickednesse, + Who died in the extreemest neede + And terror's bitternesse. + + Yet Wormall ever kept his course, + Since nought could him dismay; + He knew not what thing was remorse + Unto his dying day. + + Then had he no time to repent + The crimes he did commit, + And no man ever did lament + For him, to dye unfitt. + + Ah, how is knowledge wasted quite + On such want wisedome true, + And that which should be guiding light + But leades to errors newe! + + Well might learnd Cambridge oft regret + He ever there was bred: + The tree she in his mind had set + Brought poison forth instead. + + His lust was lawlesse as his life, + And brought about his death; + For, in a deadlie mortall strife, + Striving to stop the breath + + Of one who was his rivall foe, + With his owne dagger slaine, + He groand, and word spoke never moe, + Pierc'd through the eye and braine. + + Thus did he come to suddaine ende + That was a foe to all, + And least unto himselfe a friend, + And raging passion's thrall. + + Had he been brought up to the trade + His father follow'd still, + This exit he had never made, + Nor played a part soe ill. + + Take warning ye that playes doe make, + And ye that doe them act; + Desist in time for Wormall's sake, + And thinke upon his fact. + + Blaspheming Tambolin must die, + And Faustus meete his ende; + Repent, repent, or presentlie + To hell ye must discend. + + What is there, in this world, of worth, + That we should prize it soe? + Life is but trouble from our birth, + The wise do say and know. + + Our lives, then, let us mend with speed, + Or we shall suerly rue + The end of everie hainous deede, + In life that shall insue. + + _Finis. Ign._ + +FOOTNOTES: + +[677] In the Introduction I have expressed my opinion that this ballad +is a forgery. + +[678] We are to suppose an allusion to Robert Greene. + +[679] The anagram of Marlowe. + + + + +No. II. + +In a copy of _Hero and Leander_ Collier found, together with other +questionable matter, the following MS. notes:--"Feb. 10, 1640. Mr. [two +words follow in cipher], that Marloe was an atheist, and wrot a booke +against [two words in cipher,] how that it was all one man's making, and +would have printed it, but it would not be suffred to be printed. Hee +was a rare scholar, and made excellent verses in Latine. He died aged +about 30."--"Marloe was an acquaintance of Mr. [a name follows in +cipher] of Douer, whom hee made become an atheist; so that he was faine +to make a recantation vppon this text, 'The foole hath said in his heart +there is no God.'"--"This [the name in cipher] learned all Marloe by +heart."--"Marloe was stabd with a dagger and dyed swearing." + + + + +No. III. + +A NOTE[680] + +CONTAYNINGE THE OPINION OF ONE CHRISTOFER MARYLE, CONCERNYNGE HIS +DAMNABLE OPINIONS AND JUDGMENT OF RELYGION AND SCORNE OF GODS WORDE. + +FROM MS. HARL. 6853, FOL. 320. + + +That the Indians and many Authors of Antiquitei have assuredly written +of aboue 16 thowsande yeers agone, wher Adam is proved to have leyved +within 6 thowsande yeers. + +_He affirmeth_[681] That Moyses was but a Juggler, and that one Heriots +can do more then hee. + +That Moyses made the Jewes to travell fortie yeers in the wildernes +(which iorny might have ben don in lesse then one yeer) er they came to +the promised lande, to the intente that those whoe wer privei to most of +his subtileteis might perish, and so an everlastinge supersticion +remayne in the hartes of the people. + +That the firste beginnynge of Religion was only to keep men in awe. + +That it was an easye matter for Moyses, beinge brought up in all the +artes of the Egiptians, to abvse the Jewes, being a rvde and grosse +people. + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * *[682] + +That he [Christ] was the sonne of a carpenter, and that, yf the Jewes +amonge whome he was born did crvcifye him, thei best knew him and whence +he came. + +That Christ deserved better to dye than Barrabas, and that the Jewes +made a good choyce, though Barrabas were both a theife and a murtherer. + +That yf ther be any God or good Religion, then it is in the Papistes, +becavse the service of God is performed with more ceremonyes, as +elevacion of the masse, organs, singinge men, _shaven crownes_, &c. That +all protestantes ar hipocriticall Asses. + +That, yf he wer put to write a new religion, he wolde vndertake both a +more excellent and more admirable methode, and that all the new +testament is filthely written. + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * * + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * + +That all the Appostels wer fishermen and base fellowes, nether of witt +nor worth, that Pawle only had witt, that he was a timerous fellow in +biddinge men to be subiect to magistrates against his conscience. + +_That he had as good right to coyne as the Queen of Englande, and that +he was acquainted with one Poole, a prisoner in newgate, whoe hath great +skill in mixture of mettalls, and havinge learned such thinges of him, +he ment, thorough help of a cvnnynge stampe-maker, to coyne french +crownes, pistolettes, and englishe shillinges._ + +That, yf Christ had instituted the Sacramentes with more cerymonyall +reverence, it would have ben had in more admiracion, that it wolde have +ben much better beinge administred in a Tobacco pype. + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * * * * * * + +That one Richard Cholmelei[683] hath confessed that he was perswaded by +Marloes reason to become an Athieste. + +_Theis thinges, with many other, shall by good and honest men be proved +to be his opinions and common speeches, and that this Marloe doth not +only holde them himself, but almost in every company he commeth, +perswadeth men to Athiesme, willinge them not to be afrayed of bugbeares +and hobgoblins, and vtterly scornynge both God and his ministers, as I +Richard Bome_ [sic] _will justify bothe by my othe and the testimony of +many honest men, and almost all men with whome he hath conversed any +tyme will testefy the same:_ _and, as I thincke, all men in +christianitei ought to endevor that the mouth of so dangerous a member +may be stopped._ + +_He sayeth moreover that he hath coated[684] a number of contrarieties +out of the scriptures, which he hath geeven to some great men, who in +convenient tyme shalbe named. When theis thinges shalbe called in +question, the witnesses shalbe produced._ + + RYCHARD BAME. + + (Endorsed) + +_Copye of Marloes blasphemyes + as sent to her H[ighness]._ + +[Now-a-days inquiries as to the age of the earth are of interest only to +Geologists; and all may criticise with impunity the career of +Moses--provided that they do not employ the shafts of ridicule too +freely. Marlowe's strictures on the New Testament--grossly exaggerated +by the creature who penned the charges--were made from the literary +point of view. We should blame nobody to-day for saying that the +language of Revelations is poor and thin when compared with the language +of Isaiah. Again, as to the statement that Romanism alone is logical, +and that Protestantism has no _locus standi_,--has not the doctrine been +proclaimed again and again in our own day by writers whom we all +respect? The charge that Marlowe had announced his intention of coining +French crowns is so utterly absurd as to throw discredit upon all the +other statements. It must be remembered that the testimony was not upon +oath, and that the deponent was a ruffian.] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[680] This is the original title, which has been partly scored through +to make way for the following title:--_A Note delivered on Whitson eve +last of the most horrible blasphemes utteryd by Christofer Marly who +within iii dayes after came to a soden and fearfull end of his life._ + +[681] Words printed in italics are scored through in the MS. + +[682] Where _lacunæ_ occur the clauses are unfit for publication. + +[683] In the margin are the words "he is layd for,"--_i.e._, steps are +being taken for his apprehension. + +[684] Quoted. + + + + +No. IV. + + +An edition of Marlowe cannot be more fitly concluded than by a reprint +of Mr. R. H. Horne's noble and pathetic tragedy, _The Death of Marlowe_ +(originally published in 1837), one of the few dramatic pieces of the +present century that will have any interest for posterity. For +permission to reprint this tragedy I am indebted to Mr. Horne's literary +executor, Mr. H. Buxton Forman. + + + + +THE DEATH OF MARLOWE. + + _DRAMATIS PERSONÆ._ + + CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE, } _Dramatists and Actors._ + THOMAS HEYWOOD, } + + THOMAS MIDDLETON, _Dramatist._ + + CECILIA } _Runaway Wife of the drunkard, + } Bengough._ + + JACCONOT, _alias_ } _A Tavern Pander and Swashbuckler._ + JACK-O'-NIGHT } + + _Gentlemen, Officers, Servants, &c._ + + +SCENE I. + + _Public Gardens--Liberty of the Clink, Southwark._ + + _Enter_ MARLOWE _and_ HEYWOOD. + +HEYWOOD. + + Be sure of it. + +MARLOWE. + + I am; but not by your light. + +HEYWOOD. + + I speak it not in malice, nor in envy + Of your good fortune with so bright a beauty; + But I have heard such things! + +MARLOWE. + + Good Master Heywood, + I prithee plague me not with what thou'st heard; + I've seen, and I do love her--and, for hearing, + The music of her voice is in my soul, + And holds a rapturous jubilee 'midst dreams + That melt the day and night into one bliss. + +HEYWOOD. + + Beware the waking hour! + +MARLOWE. + + In lovely radiance, + Like all that's fabled of Olympus' queen, + She moves--as if the earth were undulant clouds, + And all its flowers her subject stars. + +HEYWOOD. + + Proceed. + +MARLOWE. + + Smile not; for 'tis most true: the very air + With her sweet presence is impregnate richly. + As in a mead, that's fresh with youngest green, + Some fragrant shrub, some secret herb, exhales + Ambrosial odours; or in lonely bower, + Where one may find the musk plant, heliotrope, + Geranium, or grape hyacinth, confers + A ruling influence, charming present sense + And sure of memory; so, her person bears + A natural balm, obedient to the rays + Of heaven--or to her own, which glow within, + Distilling incense by their own sweet power. + The dew at sunrise on a ripened peach + Was never more delicious than her neck. + Such forms are Nature's favourites. + +HEYWOOD. + + Come, come-- + Pygmalion and Prometheus dwell within you! + You poetise her rarely, and exalt + With goddess-attributes, and chastity + Beyond most goddesses: be not thus serious! + If for a passing paramour thou'dst love her, + Why, so, so it may be well; but never place + Thy full heart in her hand. + +MARLOWE. + + I have--I do-- + And I will lay it bleeding at her feet. + Reason no more, for I do love this woman: + To me she's chaste, whatever thou hast heard. + Whatever I may know, hear, find, or fancy, + I must possess her constantly, or die. + +HEYWOOD. + + Nay, if't be thus, I'll fret thine ear no more + With raven voice; but aid thee all I can. + +MARLOWE. + + Cecilia!--Go, dear friend--good Master Heywood, + Leave me alone--I see her coming thither! + +HEYWOOD. + + Bliss wait thy wooing; peace of mind its end! + (_aside_) His knees shake, and his face and hands are wet, + As with a sudden fall of dew--God speed him! + This is a desperate fancy! _Exit._ + +_Enter_ CECILIA. + +CECILIA. + + Thoughtful sir, + How fare you? Thou'st been reading much of late, + By the moon's light, I fear me? + +MARLOWE. + + Why so, lady? + +CECILIA. + + The reflex of the page is on thy face. + +MARLOWE. + + But in my heart the spirit of a shrine + Burns, with immortal radiation crown'd. + +CECILIA. + + Nay, primrose gentleman, think'st me a saint? + +MARLOWE. + + I feel thy power. + +CECILIA. + + I exercise no arts-- + Whence is my influence? + +MARLOWE. + + From heaven, I think. + Madam, I love you--ere to-day you've seen it, + Although my lips ne'er breathed the word before; + And seldom as we've met and briefly spoken, + There are such spiritual passings to and fro + 'Twixt thee and me--though I alone may suffer-- + As make me know this love blends with my life; + Must branch with it, bud, blossom, put forth fruit, + Nor end e'en when its last husks strew the grave, + Whence we together shall ascend to bliss. + +CECILIA. + + Continued from this world? + +MARLOWE. + + Thy hand, both hands; + I kiss them from my soul! + +CECILIA. + + Nay, sir, you burn me-- + Let loose my hands! + +MARLOWE. + + I loose them--half my life has thus gone from me!-- + That which is left can scarce contain my heart, + Now grown too full with the high tide of joy, + Whose ebb, retiring, fills the caves of sorrow, + Where Syrens sing beneath their dripping hair, + And raise the mirror'd fate. + +CECILIA. + + Then, gaze not in it, + Lest thou should'st see thy passing funeral. + I would not--I might chance to see far worse. + +MARLOWE. + + Thou art too beautiful ever to die! + I look upon thee, and can ne'er believe it. + +CECILIA. + + O, sir--but passion, circumstance, and fate, + Can do far worse than kill: they can dig graves, + And make the future owners dance above them, + Well knowing how 'twill end. Why look you sad? + 'Tis not your case; you are a man in love-- + At least, you say so--and should therefore feel + A constant sunshine, wheresoe'er you tread, + Nor think of what's beneath. But speak no more: + I see a volume gathering in your eye + Which you would fain have printed in my heart; + But you were better cast it in the fire. + Enough you've said, and I enough have listened. + +MARLOWE. + + I have said naught. + +CECILIA. + + You have spoken very plain-- + So, Master Marlowe, please you, break we off; + And, since your mind is now relieved--good day! + +MARLOWE. + + Leave me not thus!--forgive me! + +CECILIA. + + For what offence + +MARLOWE. + + The expression of my love. + +CECILIA. + + Tut! that's a trifle. + Think'st thou I ne'er saw men in love before? + Unto the summer of beauty they are common + As grasshoppers. + +MARLOWE. + + And to its winter, lady? + +CECILIA. + + There is no winter in my thoughts--adieu! + + _Exit._ + +MARLOWE. + + She's gone!--How leafless is my life!--My strength + Seems melted--my breast vacant--and in my brain + I hear the sound of a retiring sea. + + _Exit._ + + +SCENE II. + + _Gravel Lane; Bankside._ + + _Enter_ HEYWOOD _and_ MIDDLETON. + +MIDDLETON. + + And yet it may end well, after his fit is over. + +HEYWOOD. + + But he is earnest in it. + +MIDDLETON. + +'Tis his habit; a little thunder clears the atmosphere. At present he is +spell-bound, and smouldereth in a hot cloud of passion; but when he once +makes his way, he will soon disperse his free spirit abroad over the +inspired heavens. + +HEYWOOD. + +I fear me she will sow quick seed of feverish fancies in his mind that +may go near to drive him mad. + +MIDDLETON. + +How so? He knoweth her for what she is, as well as for what she +was;--the high-spirited and once virtuous wife of the drunkard Bengough. +You remember him? + +HEYWOOD. + +I have seen him i' the mire. 'Twas his accustomed bed o' nights--and +morning, too--many a time. He preferred _that_ to the angel he left at +home. Some men do. 'Tis a sorrow to think upon. + +MIDDLETON. + +And one that tears cannot wash! Master Marlowe hath too deep a reading +i' the books of nature to nail his heart upon a gilded weathercock. He +is only desperate after the fashion of a pearl diver. When he hath +enough he will desist--breathe freely, polish the shells, and build +grottoes. + +HEYWOOD. + +Nay, he persisteth in _not_ knowing her for a courtesan--talks of her +purity in burning words, that seem to glow and enhance his love from his +convictions of her virtue; then suddenly falls into silent abstraction, +looking like a man whose eyes are filled with visions of Paradise. No +pains takes she to deceive him; for he supersedes the chance by +deceiving himself beyond measure. He either listens not at all to +intimation, or insists the contrary. + +MIDDLETON. + +This is his passionate aggravation or self will: he _must_ know it. + +HEYWOOD. + +'Tis my belief; but her beauty blinds him with its beams, and drives his +exiled reason into darkness. + +MIDDLETON. + +Here comes one that could enlighten his perception, methinks. + +HEYWOOD. + +Who's he? Jack-o'-night, the tavern pander and swashbuckler. + + _Enter_ JACCONOT. + +JACCONOT. + +Save ye, my masters; lusty thoughts go with ye, and a jovial full cup +wait on your steps: so shall your blood rise, and honest women pledge ye +in their dreams! + +MIDDLETON. + +Your weighty-pursed knowledge of women, balanced against your squinting +knowledge of honesty, Master Jack-o'-night, would come down to earth, +methinks, as rapid as a fall from a gallows-tree. + +JACCONOT. + +Well said, Master Middleton--a merry devil and a long-lived one run +monkey-wise up your back-bone! May your days be as happy as they're +sober, and your nights full of applause! May no brawling mob pelt you, +or your friends, when throned, nor hoot down your plays when your soul's +pinned like a cockchafer on public opinion! May no learned or unlearned +calf write against your knowledge and wit, and no brother paper-stainer +pilfer your pages, and then call you a general thief! Am I the only +rogue and vagabond in the world? + +MIDDLETON. + +I' faith, not: nay, an' thou wert, there would be no lack of them i' the +next generation. Thou might'st be the father of the race, being now the +bodily type of it. The phases of thy villany are so numerous that, were +they embodied they would break down the fatal tree which is thine +inheritance, and cause a lack of cords for the Thames shipping! + +JACCONOT. + + Don't choke me with compliments! + +HEYWOOD (_to_ MIDDLETON). + +He seems right proud of this multiplied idea of his latter end. + +JACCONOT. + +Ay; hanging's of high antiquity, and, thereto, of broad modern repute. +The flag, the sign, the fruit, the felon, and other high and mighty +game, all hang; though the sons of ink and sawdust try to stand apart, +smelling civet, as one should say,--faugh! Jewelled caps, ermined +cloaks, powdered wigs, church bells, _bona-roba_ bed-gowns, gilded +bridles, spurs, shields, swords, harness, holy relics, and salted hogs, +all hang in glory! Pictures, too, of rare value! Also music's +ministrants,--the lute, the horn, the fiddle, the pipe, the gong, the +viol, the salt-box, the tambourine and the triangle, make a dead-wall +dream of festive harmonies! + +MIDDLETON. + + Infernal discords, thou would'st say! + +JACCONOT (_rapidly_). + +These are but few things among many! for 'scutcheons, scarecrows, +proclamations, the bird in a cage, the target for fools' wit, _hic +jacet_ tablets (that is, lying ones), the King's Head and the Queen's +Arms, ropes of onions, dried herbs, smoked fish, holly boughs, hall +lanthorns, framed piety texts, and adored frights of family portraits, +all hang! Likewise corkscrews, cat-skins, glittering trophies, sausage +links, shining icicles, the crucifix, and the skeleton in chains. There, +we all swing, my masters! Tut! hanging's a high Act of Parliament +privilege!--a Star-Chamber Garter-right! + +MIDDLETON (_to_ Heywood _laughingly_). + +The devil's seed germinates with reptile rapidity, and blossoms and +fructifies in the vinous fallows of this bully's brain! + +JACCONOT. + + I tell thee what----(_looking off_) another time! + + _Exit_ JACCONOT _hastily._ + +HEYWOOD. + + I breathe fresh air! + +MIDDLETON. + + Look!--said I not so? See whom 'tis he meets; + And with a lounging, loose, familiar air, + Cocking his cap and setting his hand on's hip, + Salutes with such free language as his action + And attitude explain! + +HEYWOOD. + + I grieve for Marlowe: + The more, since 'tis as certain he must have + Full course of passion, as that its object's full + Of most unworthy elements. + +MIDDLETON. + + Unworthy, + Indeed, of such a form, if all be base. + But Nature, methinks, doth seldom so belie + The inward by the outward; seldom frame + A cheat so finish'd to ensnare the senses, + And break our faith in all substantial truth. _Exeunt._ + + _Enter_ CECILIA, _followed by_ JACCONOT. + +JACCONOT. + +Well, well, Mistress St. Cecil; the money is all well enough--I object +nothing to the money. + +CECILIA. + +Then, go your ways. + +JACCONOT. + +My ways are your ways--a murrain on your beauties!--has your brain shot +forth skylarks as your eyes do sparks? + +CECILIA. + +Go!--here is my purse. + +JACCONOT. + +I'll no more of't!--I have a mind to fling back what thou'st already +given me for my services. + +CECILIA. + +Master Jacconot, I would have no further services from thee. If thou art +not yet satisfied, fetch the weight and scales, and I will cast my gold +into it, and my dross besides--so shall I be doubly relieved. + +JACCONOT. + +I say again--and the devil bear me fierce witness!--it is not gold I +want, but rightful favour; not silver, but sweet civility; not dross, +but the due respect to my non-pareil value! Bethink thee, Cecil--bethink +thee of many things! Ay! am not I the true gallant of my time? the great +Glow-worm and Will-o'-the-wisp--the life, the fortune, and the favourite +of the brightest among ye! + +CECILIA. + +Away! + +JACCONOT. + +Whither? + +CECILIA. + +Anywhere, so it be distant. + +JACCONOT. + +What mean'st by discarding me, and why is it? 'Slud! is this the right +sort of return for all my skilful activities, my adroit fascinations of +young lords in drink, my tricks at dice, cards, and dagger-play, not to +speak too loudly of bets on bear-baits, soap-bubbles, and Shrovetide +cocks; or my lies about your beauty and temper? Have I not brought dukes +and earls and reverend seniors, on tip-toe, and softly whispering for +fear of "the world," right under the balcony of your window?--O, don't +beat the dust with your fine foot! These be good services, I think! + +CECILIA (_half aside_). + +Alas! alas!--the world sees us only as bright, though baleful stars, +little knowing our painful punishments in the dark--our anguish in +secret. + +JACCONOT. + +Are you thinking of me? + +CECILIA. + +Go! + +JACCONOT. + +Go!--a death's-head crown your pillow! May you dream of love, and wake +and see that! + +CECILIA. + +I had rather see't than you. + +JACCONOT. + +What's i' the wind,--nobleman, or gentleman, or a brain fancy--am not I +at hand? Are you mad? + +CECILIA (_overcome_). + +I'd gladly believe I have been so. + +JACCONOT. + +Good. I'm content you see me aright once more, and acknowledge yourself +wrong. + +CECILIA (_half aside, and tearfully_). + +O, wrong indeed--very wrong--to my better nature--my better nature. + +JACCONOT. + +And to me, too! Bethink thee, I say, when last year, after the dance at +Hampton, thou wert enraged against the noble that slighted thee; and, +flushed with wine, thou took'st me by the ear, and mad'st me hand thee +into thy coach, and get in beside thee, with a drawn sword in my hand +and a dripping trencher on my head, singing such songs, until---- + +CECILIA. + +Earthworms and stone walls! + +JACCONOT. + +Hey! what of them? + +CECILIA. + + I would that as the corporal Past they cover, + They would, at earnest bidding of the will, + Entomb in walls of darkness and devour + The hated retrospections of the mind. + +JACCONOT (_aside_). + + Oho!--the lamps and saw-dust!--Here's foul play + And mischief in the market. Preaching varlet! + I'll find him out--I'll dog him! _Exit_. + +CECILIA. + + Self disgust + Gnaws at the root of being, and doth hang + A heavy sickness on the beams of day, + Making the atmosphere, which should exalt + Our contemplations, press us down to earth, + As though our breath had made it thick with plague. + Cursed! accursed be the freaks of Nature, + That mar us from ourselves, and make our acts + The scorn and loathing of our afterthoughts-- + The finger mark of Conscience, who, most treacherous, + Wakes to accuse, but slumber'd o'er the sin. + + _Exit._ + + +SCENE III. + + _A Room in the Triple Tun, Blackfriars._ + + MARLOWE, MIDDLETON, _and_ GENTLEMEN. + +GENTLEMAN. + + I do rejoice to find myself among + The choicest spirits of the age: health, sirs! + I would commend your fame to future years, + But that I know ere this ye must be old + In the conviction, and that ye full oft + With sure posterity have shaken hands + Over the unstable bridge of present time. + +MARLOWE. + + Not so: we write from the full heart within, + And leave posterity to find her own. + Health, sir!--your good deeds laurel you in heaven. + +MIDDLETON. + + 'Twere best men left their fame to chance and fashion, + As birds bequeath their eggs to the sun's hatching, + Since Genius can make no will. + +MARLOWE. + + Troth, can it! + But for the consequences of the deed, + What fires of blind fatality may catch them! + Say, you do love a woman--do adore her-- + You may embalm the memory of her worth + And chronicle her beauty to all time, + In words whereat great Jove himself might flush, + And feel Olympus tremble at his thoughts; + Yet where is your security? Some clerk + Wanting a foolscap, or some boy a kite, + Some housewife fuel, or some sportsman wadding + To wrap a ball (which hits the poet's brain + By merest accident) seizes your record, + And to the wind thus scatters all your will, + Or, rather, your will's object. Thus, our pride + Swings like a planet by a single hair, + Obedient to God's breath. More wine! more wine! + I preach--and I grow melancholy--wine! + + _Enter_ DRAWER _with a tankard_. + + A GENTLEMAN (_rising_). + + We're wending homeward--gentlemen, good night! + +MARLOWE. + + Not yet--not yet--the night has scarce begun-- + Nay, Master Heywood--Middleton, you'll stay! + Bright skies to those who go--high thoughts go with ye, + And constant youth! + +GENTLEMEN. + + We thank you, sir--good night! _Exeunt_ GENTLEMEN. + +HEYWOOD. + + Let's follow--'tis near morning. + +MARLOWE. + + Do not go. + I'm ill at ease, touching a certain matter + I've taken to heart--don't speak of't--and besides + I have a sort of horror of my bed. + Last night a squadron charged me in a dream, + With Isis and Osiris at the flanks, + Towering and waving their colossal arms, + While in the van a fiery chariot roll'd, + Wherein a woman stood--I knew her well-- + Who seem'd but newly risen from the grave! + + She whirl'd a javelin at me, and methought + I woke; when, slowly at the foot o' the bed + The mist-like curtains parted, and upon me + Did learned Faustus look! He shook his head + With grave reproof, but more of sympathy, + As though his past humanity came o'er him-- + Then went away with a low, gushing sigh, + That startled his own death-cold breast, and seem'd + As from a marble urn where passion's ashes + Their sleepless vigil keep. Well--perhaps they do. + (_after a pause_) + Lived he not greatly? Think what was his power! + All knowledge at his beck--the very Devil + His common slave. And, O, brought he not back, + Through the thick-million'd catacombs of ages, + Helen's unsullied loveliness to his arms? + +MIDDLETON. + + So--let us have more wine, then! + +HEYWOOD. + + Spirit enough + Springs from thee, Master Marlowe--what need more. + +MARLOWE. + + Drawer! lift up thy leaden poppy-head! + Up man!--where art? The night seems wondrous hot! + + (MARLOWE _throws open a side window that reaches + down to the floor, and stands there, looking out._) + +HEYWOOD (_to_ MIDDLETON). + + The air flows in upon his heated face, + And he grows pale with looking at the stars; + Thinking the while of many things in heaven. + +MIDDLETON. + + And some one on the earth--as fair to him-- + For, lo you!--is't not she? + + (_Pointing towards the open window_.) + +HEYWOOD. + + The lady, folded + In the long mantle, coming down the street? + +MIDDLETON. + + Let be; we cannot help him. + + (HEYWOOD _and_ MIDDLETON _retire apart_--CECILIA + _is passing by the open window_.) + +MARLOWE. + + Stay awhile!-- + One moment stay! + +CECILIA (_pausing_). + + That is not much to ask. + + (_She steps in through the window_.) + +MARLOWE. + + Nor much for you to grant; but O, to me + That moment is a circle without bounds,-- + Because I see no end to my delight! + +CECILIA. + + O, sir, you make me very sad at heart; + Let's speak no more of this. I am on my way + To walk beside the river. + +MARLOWE. + + May I come? + +CECILIA. + + Ah, no; I'll go alone. + +MARLOWE. + + 'Tis dark and dismal; +Nor do I deem it safe! + +CECILIA. + + What can harm _me_? + If not above, at least I am beyond + All common dangers. No, you shall not come. + I have some questions I would ask myself; + And in the sullen, melancholy flow + O' the unromantic Thames, that has been witness + Of many tragical realities, + Bare of adornment as its cold stone stairs, + I may find sympathy, if not response. + +MARLOWE. + + You find both here. I know thy real life; + We do not see the truth--or, O, how little! + Pure light sometimes through painted windows streams; + And, when all's dark around thee, thou art fair! + Thou bear'st within an ever-burning lamp, + To me more sacred than a vestal's shrine; + For she may be of heartless chastity, + False in all else, and proud of her poor ice, + As though 'twere fire suppress'd; but thou art good + For goodness' sake;--true-hearted, lovable, + For truth and honour's sake; and such a woman, + That man who wins, the gods themselves may envy. + +CECILIA (_going_). + + Considering all things, this is bitter sweet. + +MARLOWE. + +And I may come? (_following her_) + +CECILIA (_firmly_). + + You shall not. + +MARLOWE. + + I obey you. + +CECILIA (_tenderly_). + + Ah! Kit Marlowe,-- + You think too much of me--and of yourself + Too little! + +MARLOWE. + + Then I may----(_advancing_) + +CECILIA (_firmly_). + + No--no! + +MARLOWE. + + Wilt promise + To see me for one "good night" ere you sleep? + +CECILIA. + + On my way home I will. + + (_She turns to look at him--then steps through the + Window--Exit_.) + +MARLOWE. + + Be sure--be sure! + +(HEYWOOD _and_ MIDDLETON _approach_.) + +HEYWOOD. + +Now, Marlowe!--you desert us! + +MARLOWE. + + Say not so;-- + Or, saying so, add--that I have lost myself! + Nay, but I _have_; yonder I go in the dark! + (_pointing after_ CECILIA) + + _Street Music._--JACCONOT, _singing outside._ + + Ram out the link, boys; ho, boys![685] + There's daylight in the sky! + While the trenchers strew the floor, + And the worn-out grey beards snore, + Jolly throats continue dry! + Ram out the link, boys, &c. + +MIDDLETON. + +What voice is that? + +MARLOWE (_through his teeth_). + + From one of the hells. + +HEYWOOD. + +The roystering singer approaches. + + _Enter_ JACCONOT, _with a full tankard._ + +JACCONOT. + +Ever awake and shining, my masters! and here am I, your twin lustre, +always ready to herald and anoint your pleasures, like a true Master of +the Revels. I ha' just stepped over the drawer's body, laid nose and +heels together on the door-mat, asleep, and here's wherewith to continue +the glory! + +MIDDLETON. + + We need not your help. + +HEYWOOD. + + We thank you, Jack-o'-night: we would be alone. + +JACCONOT. + +What say _you_, Master Marlowe? you look as grim as a sign-painters' +first sketch on a tavern bill, after his ninth tankard. + +MIDDLETON. + + Cease your death-rattle, night-hawk! + +MARLOWE. + + That's well said. + +JACCONOT. + +Is it? So 'tis my gallants--a night-bird like yourselves, am I. + +MARLOWE. + + Beast!--we know you. + +JACCONOT. + +Your merry health, Master Kit Marlowe! I'll bring a loud pair of palms +to cheer your soul the next time you strut in red paint with a wooden +weapon at your thigh. + +MARLOWE. + + Who sent for _you_, dorr-hawk?--go! + +JACCONOT. + +Go! Aha!--I remember the word--same tone, same gesture--or as like as +the two profiles of a monkey, or as two squeaks for one pinch. Go!--not +I--here's to all your healths! One pull more! There, I've done--take it, +Master Marlowe; and pledge me as the true knight of London's rarest +beauties! + +MARLOWE. + + I will! (_Dashes the tankard at his head_.) + +JACCONOT (_stooping quickly_). + +A miss, 'fore-gad!--the wall has got it! See where it trickles down like +the long robe of some dainty fair one! And look you here--and there +again, look you!--what make you of the picture he hath presented? + +MARLOWE (_staggers as he stares at the wall_). + + O subtle Nature! who hath so compounded + Our senses, playing into each other's wheels, + That feeling oft acts substitute for sight, + As sight becomes obedient to the thought-- + How canst thou place such wonders at the mercy + Of every wretch that crawls? I feel--I see! + + (_Street Music as before, but farther off._) + +JACCONOT (_singing_). + + Ram out the link, boys; ho, boys! + The blear-eyed morning's here; + Let us wander through the streets, + And kiss whoe'er one meets; + St. Cecil is my dear! + Ram out the link, boys, &c. + +MARLOWE (_drawing_). + + Lightning come up from hell and strangle thee! + +MIDDLETON _and_ HEYWOOD. + + Nay, Marlowe! Marlowe! (_they hold him back_). + +MIDDLETON (_to_ JACCONOT). + + Away, thou bestial villain! + +JACCONOT (_singing at_ MARLOWE). + + St. Cecil is my dear! + +MARLOWE (_furiously_). + + Blast! blast and scatter + Thy body to ashes! Off! I'll have his ghost! + + (_rushes at_ JACCONOT--_they fight--Marlowe disarms him; but_ JACCONOT + _wrests_ MARLOWE'S _own sword from his hand, and stabs him_--MARLOWE + _falls_) + +MIDDLETON. + + See! see! + +MARLOWE (_clasping his forehead_). + + Who's down?--answer me, friends--is't I?-- + Or in the maze of some delirious trance, + Some realm unknown, or passion newly born-- + Ne'er felt before--am I transported thus? + My fingers paddle, too, in blood--is't mine? + +JACCONOT. + +O, content you, Master Marplot--it's you that's down, drunk or sober; +and that's your own blood on your fingers, running from a three-inch +groove in your ribs for the devil's imps to slide into you. Ugh! cry +gramercy! for it's all over with your rhyming! + +HEYWOOD. + + O, heartless mischief! + +MIDDLETON. + + Hence, thou rabid cur! + +MARLOWE. + + What demon in the air with unseen arm + Hath turn'd my unchain'd fury against myself? + Recoiling dragon! thy resistless force + Scatters thy mortal master in his pride, + To teach him, with self-knowledge, to fear thee. + Forgetful of all corporal conditions, + My passion hath destroy'd me! + +JACCONOT. + +No such matter; it was _my_ doing. You shouldn't ha' ran at me in that +fashion with a real sword--I thought it had been one o' your sham ones. + +MIDDLETON. + + Away! + +HEYWOOD. + + See! his face changes--lift him up! + (_they raise and support him_) + Here--place your hand upon his side--here, here-- + Close over mine, and staunch the flowing wound! + +MARLOWE (_delirious_.) + + Bright is the day--the air with glory teems-- + And eagles wanton in the smile of Jove: + Can these things be, and Marlowe live no more! + O Heywood! Heywood! I had a world of hopes + About that woman--now in my heart they rise + Confused, as flames from my life's coloured map, + That burns until with wrinkling agony + Its ashes flatten, separate, and drift + Through gusty darkness. Hold me fast by the arm! + A little aid will save me:--See! she's here! + I clasp thy form--I feel thy breath, my love-- + And know thee for a sweet saint come to save me! + Save!--is it death I feel--it cannot be death? + +JACCONOT (_half aside_.) + +Marry, but it can!--or else your sword's a foolish dog that dar'n't bite +his owner. + +MARLOWE. + + O friends--dear friends--this is a sorry end-- + A most unworthy end! To think--O God!-- + To think that I should fall by the hand of one + Whose office, like his nature, is all baseness, + Gives Death ten thousand stings, and to the Grave + A damning victory! Fame sinks with life! + A galling--shameful--ignominious end! (_sinks down_). + O mighty heart! O full and orbed heart, + Flee to thy kindred sun, rolling on high! + Or let the hoary and eternal sea + Sweep me away, and swallow body and soul! + +JACCONOT. + +There'll be no "encore" to either, I wot; for thou'st led an ill life, +Master Marlowe; and so the sweet Saint thou spok'st of, will remain my +fair game--behind the scenes. + +MARLOWE. + + Liar! slave! sla---- Kind Master Heywood, + You will not see me die thus!--thus by the hand + And maddening tongue of such a beast as that! + Haste, if you love me--fetch a leech to help me-- + Here--Middleton--sweet friend--a bandage here-- + I cannot die by such a hand--I will not-- + I say I will not die by that vile hand! + Go bring Cecilia to me--bring the leech-- + Close--close this wound--you know I did it myself-- + Bring sweet Cecilia--haste--haste--instantly-- + Bring life and time--bring heaven!--Oh, I am dying!-- + Some water--stay beside me--maddening death, + By such a hand! O villain! from the grave + I constantly will rise--to curse! curse! curse thee! + (_Rises_--_and falls dead_.) + +MIDDLETON. + + Terrible end! + +HEYWOOD. + + O God!--he is quite gone! + +JACCONOT (_aghast_.) + +'Twas dreadful--'twas! Christ help us! and lull him to sleep in's grave. +I stand up for mine own nature none the less. (_Voices without_) What +noise is that? + +_Enter_ OFFICERS. + +CHIEF OFFICER. + +This is our man--ha! murder has been here! You are our prisoner--the +gallows waits you! + +JACCONOT. + +What have I done to be hung up like a miracle? The hemp's not sown nor +the ladder-wood grown, that shall help fools to finish me! He did it +himself! He said so with his last words!--there stands his friends and +brother players--put them to their Testament if he said not he did it +himself? + +CHIEF OFFICER. + + Who is it lies here?--methinks that I should know him, + But for the fierce distortion of his face! + +MIDDLETON. + + He who erewhile wrote with a brand of fire, + Now, in his passionate blood, floats tow'rds the grave! + The present time is ever ignorant-- + We lack clear vision in our self-love's maze; + But Marlowe in the future will stand great, + Whom this--the lowest caitiff in the world-- + A nothing, save in grossness, hath destroy'd. + +JACCONOT. + +"Caitiff" back again in your throat! and "gross nothing" to boot--may +you have it to live upon for a month, and die mad and starving! Would'st +swear my life away so lightly? Tut! who was he? I could always find the +soundings of a quart tankard, or empty a pasty in half his time, and +swear as rare oaths between whiles--who was he? I too ha' write my odes +and Pindar jigs with the twinkling of a bedpost, to the sound of the +harp and hurdygurdy, while Capricornus wagged his fiery beard; I ha' +sung songs to the faint moon's echoes at daybreak and danced here away +and there away, like the lightning through a forest! As to your sword +and dagger play, I've got the trick o' the eye and wrist--who was he? +What's all his gods--his goddesses and lies?--the first a'nt worth a +word; and for the two last, I was always a prince of both! "Caitiff!" +and "beast!" and "nothing!"--who was he? + +CHIEF OFFICER. + + You're ours, for sundry villanies committed, + Sufficient each to bring your vice to an end; + The law hath got you safely in its grasp! + +JACCONOT (_after a pause_). + +Then may Vice and I sit crown'd in heaven, while Law and Honesty stalk +damned through hell! Now do I see the thing very +plain!--treachery--treachery, my masters! I know the jade that hath +betrayed me--I know her. 'Slud! who cares? She was a fine woman, too--a +rare person--and a good spirit; but there's an end of all now--she's +turned foolish and virtuous, and a tell-tale, and I am to be turned to +dust through it--long, long before my time: and these princely limbs +must go make a dirt-pie--build up a mud hut--or fatten an alderman's +garden! There! calf-heads--there's a lemon for your mouths! Heard'st +ever such a last dying speech and confession! Write it in red ochre on a +sheet of Irish, and send it to Mistress Cecily for a death-winder. I +know what you've got against me--and I know you all deserve just the +same yourselves--but lead on, my masters! + + _Exeunt_ JACCONOT _and_ OFFICERS. + +MIDDLETON. + + O Marlowe! canst thou rise with power no more? + Can greatness die thus? + +HEYWOOD (_bending over the body.)_ + + Miserable sight! + + (_A shriek outside the house_). + +MIDDLETON. + + That cry!--what may that mean? + +HEYWOOD (_as if awaking_). + + I hear no cry. + +MIDDLETON. + + What is't comes hither, like a gust of wind? + + CECILIA _rushes in_. + +CECILIA. + + Where--where? O, then, 'tis true--and he is dead! + All's over now--there's nothing in the world-- + For he who raised my heart up from the dust, + And show'd me noble lights in mine own soul, + Has fled my gratitude and growing love-- + I never knew how deep it was till now! + Through me, too!--do not curse me!--I was the cause-- + Yet do not curse me--No! no! not the cause, + But that it happen'd so. This is the reward + Of Marlowe's love!--why, why did I delay? + O, gentlemen, pray for me! I have been + Lifted in heavenly air--and suddenly + The arm that placed me, and with strength sustain'd me, + Is snatch'd up, starward: I can neither follow, + Nor can I touch the gross earth any more! + Pray for me, gentlemen!--but breathe no blessings-- + Let not a blessing sweeten your dread prayers-- + I wish no blessings--nor could bear their weight; + For I am left, I know not where or how: + But, pray for me--my soul is buried here. + + (_Sinks down upon the body._) + +MIDDLETON. + + "Cut is the branch that might have grown full straight, + And burned is Apollo's laurel bough!" + + (_Solemn music._) + + +Dark Curtain. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[685] The inverted iron horns or tubes, a few of which still remain on +lamp-posts and gates, were formerly used as extinguishers to the torches +which were thrust into them. + + + + +INDEX TO THE NOTES. + + + affects, iii. 60 + again, ii. 161 + a-good, ii. 49 + air of life, ii. 217 + Albertus, i. 220. + Alcides' post, i. 105 + a-life, iii. 175 + Alleyn, Edward, ii. 6 + Almain rutters, i. 112 + amorous, i. 121 + Antwerp, blockade of, i. 217 + aphorisms, i. 213 + appointed, ii. 190 + approve, iii. 263 + Aquarius, iii. 279 + _Arden of Feversham_, quoted, ii. 89 + argins, i. 149 + Ariosto, incident taken from, i. 177 + artier, i. 45 + axes, iii. 255 + azur'd, i. 276 + + bable, iii. 299 + Badgeth, i. 115 + baiting, iii. 99 + ballace, ii. 335 + bandy, ii. 125 + Banks' horse, iii. 232 + Barabas' nose, ii. 47 + basilisks, i. 67 + bassoes, i. 48 + bastones, i. 57 + bevers, i. 246 + bezzling, iii. 247 + bid a base, ii. 191 + bill, i. 213 + bird-bolt, iii. 96 + blazing star, iii. 225 + block, iii. 226 + blubbered, i. 85 + bombards, ii. 105 + border, iii. 129 + boss, i. 62 + Boulogne, taking of, iii. 224 + Bourne, Vincent, his _Cantatrices_, iii. 238 + bousing-glass, iii. 247 + brave, i. 21 + braves, ii. 175 + Brest, expedition against, iii. 239 + Britainy, ii. 10 + bugs, i. 164 + bullets wrapt in fire, ii. 40 + burn, iii. 234 + by, ii. 14 + + Cadiz, expedition against, iii. 48 + carbonadoes, i. 79 + case, i. 246 + cast, ii. 165 + Catullus imitated, iii. 89 + catzery, ii. 89 + cavaliero, i. 141 + cazzo, ii. 75 + centronel, ii. 328 + champion, i. 32 + channel (collar-bone), i. 125 + channel (gutter), ii. 127 + cleapt, iii. 98 + cleys, iii. 279 + clift, i. 206 + clout, i. 37 + coated, iii. 314 + coll, ii. 354 + colts, i. 180 + competitor, i. 25 + confits, iii. 85 + convertite, ii. 22 + counterfeit, i. 51 + counterscarfs, iii. 228 + covent, ii. 78 + covered way, i. 149 + Creusa's crown, allusion to, ii. 207 + cross, ii. 52 + cross-biting, ii. 89 + cullions, ii. 148 + curst, iii. 225 + custom, ii. 13 + cypress, iii. 51 + + Damasco, i. 84 + Damascus walls, i. 87 + damned, i. 204 + dang'd, iii. 37 + Daniel, Samuel, allusions to, iii. 232, 242 + debasement of coinage, iii. 225 + defend, ii. 272 + deserved, ii. 190 + Devil (he that eats with the Devil had need of a long spoon), ii. 67 + die, ii. 119 + Dis, iii. 36 + discoloured, iii. 10 + dittany, ii. 205 + double cannons, i. 252 + Drayton, Michael, allusion to, iii. 228 + + earns, ii. 202 + ecues, ii. 244 + elephant, object of wonder, iii. 217 + Elze, Dr. Karl, emendation by, ii. 364 + enginous, iii. 52 + entrance, ii. 252 + erring, i. 223 + exercise, ii. 84 + exhibition, ii. 280 + exocoetus, ii. 154 + eyas, iii. 62 + eye, by the, ii. 68 + eyelids of the day, ii. 38 + + falc'nets, i. 152 + false-brays, iii. 228 + fancy, ii. 339 + far-fet, ii. 344 + favour, iii. 97 + fawns, iii. 92 + fet, iii. 268 + few, in, ii. 68 + fleering, ii. 161 + fleet, i. 61 + flour, iii. 11 + flying-fish, ii. 154 + foil (check), i. 64 + foil (stain), i. 170 + foreslow, ii. 167 + frost of 1564, iii. 224 + + gabions, i. 154 + garboils, iii. 255 + Gascoigne, George, iii. 226 + gaunt, iii. 236 + gear, i. 31 + give arms, i. 164 + glorious, i. 70 + gobbets, iii. 111 + grate, iii. 215 + guess, i. 313 + Guilpin's _Skialetheia_ quoted, iii. 214, 238 + Guise, the, ii. 9 + + had I wist, ii. 172 + halcyon's bill, ii. 12 + Hammon, Master Thomas, ii. 4 + Harington, Sir John, his _Ajax_, iii. 231; + his dog Bungey, iii. 245 + harness, ii. 324 + Hatton, Sir Christopher, his monument, iii. 217 + haught, ii. 176 + Havre, expedition against, iii. 224 + hay, ii. 122 + head (to head, to head!), iii. 241 + hebon, ii. 68 + held in hand, ii. 61 + Hermoso piarer, etc., ii. 38 + het, iii. 47 + hey-pass, i. 266 + Heywood, John, iii. 231 + hold a wolf by the ears, ii. 212 + horsebread, i. 257 + horse-courser, i. 264 + hugy, i. 59 + Hunkes, Harry, iii. 242 + + I, old spelling for _ay_, i. 78. (The form _I_ has been retained, + perhaps unnecessarily, throughout.) + imbast, iii. 192 + impartial, ii. 60 + imperance, iii. 55 + imprecations, i. 85 + incontinent, i. 11 + incony, ii. 93 + injury (verb), i. 16 + intire, iii. 49 + investion, i. 16 + ippocras, i. 256 + Irish kerns, ii. 160 + + jesses, ii. 155 + jig, ii. 161 + John the Great, i. 128 + Jubalter, i. 128 + Judas, ii. 95 + + keend, ii. 372 + keep, ii. 245 + Knave's acre, i. 229 + knights of the post, iii. 128 + known of, i. 266 + + lake, ii. 226 + lanch, i. 22 + Lantchidol, i. 114 + lawnds, ii. 312 + leaguer, i. 127 + leave, ii. 327 + Lepidus, his printed dog, iii. 245 + let, i. 80 + liefest, ii. 373 + lightly borne, iii. 107 + linstock, ii. 107 + Lopez, Doctor, i. 266 + love-lock, iii. 226 + lown, ii. 135 + + mails, i. 22 + malgrado, ii. 169 + malice (verb), i. 15 + mandrake juice, ii. 99 + March beer, i. 247 + Martlemas beef, i. 247 + mate, i. 13, 211 + measures, i. 188 + merchants, i. 24 + mere, iii. 44 + merit, iii. 266 + Milton quoted, ii. 38; iii. 22 + minions, i. 152 + miss, i. 173 + Mithridate, i. 89 + moorish fool, iii. 50 + More, Sir Thomas, allusion to a Latin epigram by, iii. 235 + Moroccus, i. 58 + mottoes at the end of plays, i. 283 + Mount Falcon, ii. 253 + mounted his chariot, i. 183 + muschatoes, ii. 84 + Muse (masculine), i. 211 + muted, iii. 241 + + neck-verse, ii. 83 + need, i. 119 + nepenthe, iii. 234 + nephew, ii. 329 + no way but one, i. 92 + nymph, ii. 360 + + old Edward, ii. 218 + on cai me on, i. 213 + ostry, i. 267 + other some, iii. 85 + Ovid imitated, i. 25 + packed, ii. 359 + paised, iii. 25 + parbreak, i. 95 + Paris-Garden, iii. 241 + pash, i. 59 + pass, i. 13 + Paul's churchyard, iii. 251 + Paul's steeple struck by lightning, iii. 225 + pentacle, iii. 45 + Perkins, Richard, ii. 6. + Petrarch's _Itinerarium Syriacum_ quoted, i. 250 + pheres, iii. 66 + pickadevaunts, i. 228 + pilling, i. 65 + pin, i. 37 + pioners, i. 50 + pitch, i. 28 + places, ii. 258 + plage, i. 83 + plat, iii. 81 + plates, ii. 44 + platform, ii. 363 + Plato's year, i. 74 + play the man, i. 159 + play-houses, hours of performance at, iii. 238. + Pont Neuf, iii. 236 + porcupine darting her quills, ii. 121 + port, i. 30 + portagues, ii. 28 + prest, i. 116 + pretend (_i.e._ portend), ii. 64 + pretend (_i.e._ intend), ii. 104 + prevail, i. 141 + prize played, ii. 7 + proin, iii. 66 + prorex, i. 12 + purchase, i. 42 + put by, iii. 17 + + quenchless, ii. 323 + qui mihi discipulus, i. 229 + quit, ii. 367 + quite, ii. 282 + quod tumeraris, i. 224 + + racking, i. 179 + ray, iii. 180 + ream, ii. 88 + rebated, i. 177 + reflex, i. 50 + regiment, i. 13 + renied, Christians, i. 48 + renowned, i. 24 + resolve, i. 13 + respect, ii. 142 + retorqued, i. 94 + Rhamnus, i. 35 + Rhodes, i. 212 + ringled, iii. 29 + rising in the North, iii. 224 + rivelled, ii. 334; iii. 124 + Rivo-Castiliano, ii. 92 + road, ii. 160 + rod, i. 122 + rombelow, with a, ii. 161 + ruinate, ii. 244 + run division, ii. 88 + running banquet, ii. 86 + rushes, rooms strewed with, iii. 27 + + Sabans, ii. 11 + Sackarson, iii. 242 + St. Quentin, storming of, iii. 224 + sakers, i. 152 + sarell, i. 58 + saunce, iii. 127 + saying, ii. 44 + scald, i. 31 + scambled, ii. 16 + scenes, i. 215 + scholarism, i. 212 + schright, iii. 275 + sciomancy, i. 218 + sect, ii. 28 + set, ii. 249 + Seven deadly Sins, i. 245 + shadow, ii. 175 + Shakespeare quoted, i. 16, 18, 25, 29, 31, 46, 92, 97, 167, 254, 266, + 275; ii. 12, 16, 36, 37, 40, 41, 44, 60, 68, 84, 86, 99, 128, 142, + 158, 193, 218, 228, 304, 326; iii. 9, 12, 15, 24, 27, 31, 41, 50, 65, + 89, 234 + shaver, ii. 45 + Shelley quoted, i. 155, 206 + shine, iii. 106 + silverlings, ii. 11 + Skelton imitated, iii. 59 + slick, i. 265 + slop, i. 230 + slubber, iii. 65 + smell-feast, iii. 239 + snicle, ii. 92 + soil, ii. 343 + sollars, ii. 76 + sometimes, ii. 31 + sonnet, i. 253 + sort, ii. 288 + souse, iii. 264 + Spenser quoted in _Tamburlaine_, i. 183. (I neglected to point out + that in i. 173, "As when an herd of lusty Cymbrian bulls," &c., there + is an imitation of a passage of the _Faerie Queene_, Book I. canto + viii.-- + + "As great a noyse, as when in Cymbrian plaine + An heard of Bulles, whom kindly rage doth sting + Do for the milkie mothers want complaine, + And fill the fields with troublous bellowing, + The neighbour woods around with hollow murmur ring.") + + spials, i. 32 + sprung, iii. 64 + staring up, hair, iii. 89 + stated, ii. 39 + states, i. 14 + statua, i. 142 + stature, i. 74 + staves acre, i. 229 + stems, i. 24 + stern, ii. 365 + stomach, ii. 129 + stools on the stage, iii. 215 + stoops, i. 169 + strain, i. 155 + subject, i. 203 + supprised, ii. 306 + sure, made, ii. 50 + sweating sickness, iii. 224 + + taint, i. 122 + take in, iii. 239 + talents, i. 46 + tall, i. 167 + _tanti_, ii. 120 + taxing private, iii. 213 + Theatre and Curtain playhouses, iii. 218 + Theocritus imitated, iii. 61 + thirling, iii. 9 + tho, iii. 107 + three for one, iii. 240 + timeless, ii. 128 + tires, i. 47 + to, ii. 74 + tobacco, Bobadil's encomium of, iii. 235 + tobacco smoked on the stage, iii. 231 + topless, i. 275 + tottered, ii. 89 + toy, iii. 86 + train, ii. 183 + trannels, iii. 134 + Trier, i. 250 + true, true, ii. 127 + Turk of tenpence, ii. 84 + twigger, ii. 362 + Tyrone's insurrection, iii. 244 + + unresisted, ii. 339 + unvalued, i. 18 + ure, ii. 48 + + vail, ii. 39 + valure, iii. 80 + valurous, i. 20 + Vanity, Lady, ii. 45 + vaut, i. 23 + villainese, i. 95 + villainy, i. 52 + Vulcan's dancing, ii. 304 + + wagers laid about actors, ii. 7 + wall'd in, ii. 304 + water-work at London Bridge, iii. 217 + watery star, iii. 9 + when? ii. 63 + when? can you tell? ii. 171 + while, i. 80 + whist, ii. 349 + Wigmore, ii. 162 + will, i. 136 + winter's tale, ii. 36 + + Wordsworth, his _Power of Music_, iii. 238 + wreaks, iii. 160 + + Zoacum, i. 135 + + +PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE, HANSON AND CO. + EDINBURGH AND LONDON. + + + + +Transcriber's Notes: + + +Page 164: +In amicam, quod abortivum ipsa fecrrit. +Typo for fecerit. Changed. + +Footnote 350: Not in Islam. +Typo for 'Isham' as elsewhere. Changed. + +Footnote 381: So eds. B, C.--Islam. +Typo for 'Isham'. Changed. + +Footnote 462: In his close nips describde a gull to thee: +Possible typo 'describde for described'. Unchanged. + +Page 272: +Or, dropping-ripe, ready to fall with urin. +Probable typo for ruin. Changed. + +Page 351: +a'nt for ain't. Unchanged. + +Various: +u and v may be reversed. +i and j may be reversed. + +The index applies to all three volumes. + +Elegia V missing. See Footnote 368. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Works of Christopher Marlowe, Vol. +3 (of 3), by Christopher Marlowe + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE *** + +***** This file should be named 21262-8.txt or 21262-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/1/2/6/21262/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Leonard Johnson and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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Marlowe, Vol. 3 +(of 3), by Christopher Marlowe + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Works of Christopher Marlowe, Vol. 3 (of 3) + +Author: Christopher Marlowe + +Editor: A. H. Bullen + +Release Date: April 30, 2007 [EBook #21262] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Leonard Johnson and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) + + + + + + + + + + + The English Dramatists + + CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE + + VOLUME THE THIRD + + + + +[Greek: + Hadymelei + thama men phormingi pamphonoisi t' en entesin aulon.] + + PINDAR, _Olymp._ vii. + + + + + THE WORKS + + OF + + CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE + + + + EDITED BY + A. H. BULLEN, B.A. + + + IN THREE VOLUMES + VOLUME THE THIRD + + + + LONDON + JOHN C. NIMMO + 14. KING WILLIAM STREET, STRAND, W.C. + MDCCCLXXXV + + +_One hundred and twenty copies of this Edition on Laid paper, medium +8vo, have been printed, and are numbered consecutively as issued._ + +_No._ ____ + +CONTENTS OF VOL. III. + + + PAGE + +HERO AND LEANDER 1 + +OVID'S ELEGIES 103 + +EPIGRAMS BY J. D. 211 + +THE FIRST BOOK OF LUCAN 249 + +THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE 281 + +FRAGMENT 293 + +DIALOGUE IN VERSE 295 + +APPENDICES 301 + +INDEX TO THE NOTES 355 + + + + + HERO AND LEANDER. + + +Two editions of _Hero and Leander_ appeared in 1598. The first edition, +containing only Marlowe's portion of the poem, is entitled _Hero and +Leander. By Christopher Marloe. London, Printed by Adam Islip, for +Edward Blunt._ 1598. 4to. The title-page of the second edition, which +contains the complete poem, is _Hero and Leander: Begun by Christopher +Marloe; and finished by George Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. At London, +Printed by Felix Kingston, for Paule Linley, and are to be solde in +Paules Churche-yard, at the signe of the Blacke-beare._ 1598. 4to. + +Two copies of the second edition were discovered a few years ago at +Lamport Hall (the seat of Sir Charles Isham, Bart.) by Mr. Charles +Edmonds. The existence of this edition was previously unknown. Later +editions are:-- + +_Hero and Leander: Begunne by Christopher Marloe: Whereunto is added the +first booke of Lucan translated line for line by the same Author. Ut +Nectar, Ingenium. At London Printed for John Flasket, and are to be +solde in Paules Church-yard, at the signe of the Blacke-beare. 1600. +4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begunne by Christopher Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. At London. Imprinted for John Flasket, and +are to be sold in Paules Church-yard, at the signe of the blacke Beare. +1606. 4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begunne by Christopher Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. At London. Imprinted for Ed. Blunt and W. +Barret, and are to be sold in Pauls Church-yard, at the signe of the +blacke Beare. 1609. 4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begunne by Christopher Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. London. Printed by W. Stansby for Ed. +Blunt and W. Barret, and are to be sold in Pauls Church-yard, at the +signe of the Blacke Beare. 1613. 4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begun by Christoper Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. London, Printed by A. M. for Richard +Hawkins: and are to bee sold at his Shop in Chancerie-Lane, neere +Serieants Inne. 1629. 4to._ + +_Hero and Leander: Begun by Christopher Marloe, and finished by George +Chapman. Ut Nectar, Ingenium. London: Printed by N. Okes for William +Leake, and are to be sold at his shop in Chancery-lane neere the Roules. +1637. 4to._ + +I have not had an opportunity of seeing the 4tos. of 1598 or the 4to. of +1600. For the text of the Isham copy, I am indebted to the _Works of +George Chapman: Poems and Minor Translations_, 1875. I have examined the +texts of eds. 1606, 1613, 1629, 1637; and my friend Mr. C. H. Firth has +examined for me the Bodleian copy of ed. 1600, in the margin of which +Malone has noted the readings of the first edition. + + + + +TO THE + +RIGHT-WORSHIPFUL SIR THOMAS WALSINGHAM, + +KNIGHT. + + +Sir, we think not ourselves discharged of the duty we owe to our friend +when we have brought the breathless body to the earth; for albeit the +eye there taketh his ever-farewell of that beloved object, yet the +impression of the man that hath been dear unto us, living an after-life +in our memory, there putteth us in mind of farther obsequies due unto +the deceased; and namely of the performance of whatsoever we may judge +shall make to his living credit and to the effecting of his +determinations prevented by the stroke of death. By these meditations +(as by an intellectual will) I suppose myself executor to the unhappily +deceased author of this poem; upon whom knowing that in his lifetime you +bestowed many kind favours, entertaining parts of reckoning and worth +which you found in him with good countenance and liberal affection, I +cannot but see so far into the will of him dead, that whatsoever issue +of his brain should chance to come abroad, that the first breath it +should take might be the gentle air of your liking; for, since his self +had been accustomed thereunto, it would prove more agreeable and +thriving to his right children than any other foster countenance +whatsoever. At this time seeing that this unfinished tragedy happens +under my hands to be imprinted; of a double duty, the one to yourself, +the other to the deceased, I present the same to your most favourable +allowance, offering my utmost self now and ever to be ready at your +worship's disposing: + + EDWARD BLUNT. + + + + +HERO AND LEANDER. + + + + +THE FIRST SESTIAD. + +_The Argument_[1] _of the First Sestiad._ + + + Hero's description and her love's; + The fane of Venus, where he moves + His worthy love-suit, and attains; + Whose bliss the wrath of Fates restrains + For Cupid's grace to Mercury: + Which tale the author doth imply. + + On Hellespont, guilty of true love's blood, + In view and opposite two cities stood, + Sea-borderers,[2] disjoin'd by Neptune's might; + The one Abydos, the other Sestos hight. + At Sestos Hero dwelt; Hero the fair, + Whom young Apollo courted for her hair, + And offer'd as a dower his burning throne, + Where she should sit, for men to gaze upon. + The outside of her garments were of lawn, + The lining purple silk, with gilt stars drawn; 10 + Her wide sleeves green, and border'd with a grove, + Where Venus in her naked glory strove + To please the careless and disdainful eyes + Of proud Adonis, that before her lies; + Her kirtle blue, whereon was many a stain, + Made with the blood of wretched lovers slain. + Upon her head she ware[3] a myrtle wreath, + From whence her veil reach'd to the ground beneath: + Her veil was artificial flowers and leaves, + Whose workmanship both man and beast deceives: 20 + Many would praise the sweet smell as she past, + When 'twas the odour which her breath forth cast; + And there for honey bees have sought in vain, + And, beat from thence, have lighted there again. + About her neck hung chains of pebble-stone, + Which, lighten'd by her neck, like diamonds shone. + She ware no gloves; for neither sun nor wind + Would burn or parch her hands, but, to her mind. + Or warm or cool them, for they took delight + To play upon those hands, they were so white. 30 + Buskins of shells, all silver'd, used she, + And branch'd with blushing coral to the knee; + Where sparrows perch'd of hollow pearl and gold, + Such as the world would wonder to behold: + Those with sweet water oft her handmaid fills, + Which as she went, would cherup through the bills. + Some say, for her the fairest Cupid pin'd, + And, looking in her face, was strooken blind. + But this is true; so like was one the other, + As he imagin'd Hero was his mother; 40 + And oftentimes into her bosom flew, + About her naked neck his bare arms threw, + And laid his childish head upon her breast, + And, with still panting rock,[4] there took his rest. + So lovely-fair was Hero, Venus' nun, + As Nature wept, thinking she was undone, + Because she took more from her than she left, + And of such wondrous beauty her bereft: + Therefore, in sign her treasure suffer'd wrack, + Since Hero's time hath half the world been black. 50 + Amorous Leander, beautiful and young + (Whose tragedy divine Musaeus sung), + Dwelt at Abydos; since him dwelt there none + For whom succeeding times make[5] greater moan. + His dangling tresses, that were never shorn, + Had they been cut, and unto Colchos borne, + Would have allur'd the venturous youth of Greece + To hazard more than for the golden fleece. + Fair Cynthia wished his arms might be her Sphere; + Grief makes her pale, because she moves not there. 60 + His body was as straight as Circe's wand; + Jove might have sipt out nectar from his hand. + Even as delicious meat is to the tast, + So was his neck in touching, and surpast + The white of Pelops' shoulder: I could tell ye, + How smooth his breast was, and how white his belly; + And whose immortal fingers did imprint + That heavenly path with many a curious dint + That runs along his back; but my rude pen + Can hardly blazon forth the loves of men, 70 + Much less of powerful gods: let it suffice + That my slack Muse sings of Leander's eyes; + Those orient cheeks and lips, exceeding his + That leapt into the water for a kiss + Of his own shadow, and, despising many, + Died ere he could enjoy the love of any. + Had wild Hippolytus Leander seen, + Enamour'd of his beauty had he been: + His presence made the rudest peasant melt, + That in the vast uplandish country dwelt; 80 + The barbarous Thracian soldier, mov'd with nought, + Was mov'd with him, and for his favour sought. + Some swore he was a maid in man's attire, + For in his looks were all that men desire,-- + A pleasant-smiling cheek, a speaking eye, + A brow for love to banquet royally; + And such as knew he was a man, would say, + "Leander, thou art made for amorous play: + Why art thou not in love, and loved of all? + Though thou be fair, yet be not thine own thrall." 90 + The men of wealthy Sestos every year, + For his sake whom their goddess held so dear, + Rose-cheek'd[6] Adonis, kept a solemn feast: + Thither resorted many a wandering guest + To meet their loves: such as had none at all + Came lovers home from this great festival; + For every street, like to a firmament, + Glister'd with breathing stars, who, where they went, + Frighted the melancholy earth, which deem'd + Eternal heaven to burn, for so it seem'd, 100 + As if another Phaeton had got + The guidance of the sun's rich chariot. + But, far above the loveliest, Hero shin'd, + And stole away th' enchanted gazer's mind; + For like sea-nymphs' inveigling harmony, + So was her beauty to the standers by; + Nor that night-wandering, pale, and watery[7] star + (When yawning dragons draw her thirling[8] car + From Latmus' mount up to the gloomy sky, + Where, crown'd with blazing light and majesty, 110 + She proudly sits) more over-rules the flood + Than she the hearts of those that near her stood. + Even as when gaudy nymphs pursue the chase, + Wretched Ixion's shaggy-footed race, + Incens'd with savage heat, gallop amain + From steep pine-bearing mountains to the plain, + So ran the people forth to gaze upon her, + And all that view'd her were enamour'd on her: + And as in fury of a dreadful fight, + Their fellows being slain or put to flight, 120 + Poor soldiers stand with fear of death dead-strooken, + So at her presence all surpris'd and tooken, + Await the sentence of her scornful eyes; + He whom she favours lives; the other dies: + There might you see one sigh; another rage; + And some, their violent passions to assuage, + Compile sharp satires; but, alas, too late! + For faithful love will never turn to hate; + And many, seeing great princes were denied, + Pin'd as they went, and thinking on her died. 130 + On this feast-day--O cursed day and hour!-- + Went Hero thorough Sestos, from her tower + To Venus' temple, where unhappily, + As after chanc'd, they did each other spy. + So fair a church as this had Venus none: + The walls were of discolour'd[9] jasper-stone, + Wherein was Proteus carved; and over-head + A lively vine of green sea-agate spread, + Where by one hand light-headed Bacchus hung, + And with the other wine from grapes out-wrung. 140 + Of crystal shining fair the pavement was; + The town of Sestos call'd it Venus' glass: + There might you see the gods, in sundry shapes, + Committing heady riots, incests, rapes; + For know, that underneath this radiant flour[10] + Was Danaee's statue in a brazen tower: + Jove slily stealing from his sister's bed, + To dally with Idalian Ganymed, + And for his love Europa bellowing loud, + And tumbling with the Rainbow in a cloud; 150 + Blood-quaffing Mars heaving the iron net + Which limping Vulcan and his Cyclops set; + Love kindling fire, to burn such towns as Troy; + Silvanus weeping for the lovely boy + That now is turned into a cypress-tree, + Under whose shade the wood-gods love to be. + And in the midst a silver altar stood: + There Hero, sacrificing turtles' blood, + Vailed[11] to the ground, veiling her eyelids close; + And modestly they opened as she rose: 160 + Thence flew Love's arrow with the golden head; + And thus Leander was enamoured. + Stone-still he stood, and evermore he gaz'd, + Till with the fire, that from his countenance blaz'd, + Relenting Hero's gentle heart was strook: + Such force and virtue hath an amorous look. + It lies not in our power to love or hate, + For will in us is over-rul'd by fate. + When two are stript long ere the course begin, + We wish that one should lose, the other win; 170 + And one especially do we affect + Of two gold ingots, like in each respect: + The reason no man knows, let it suffice, + What we behold is censur'd by our eyes. + Where both deliberate, the love is slight: + Who ever lov'd, that lov'd not at first sight?[12] + He kneel'd; but unto her devoutly prayed: + Chaste Hero to herself thus softly said, + "Were I the saint he worships, I would hear him;" + And, as she spake those words, came somewhat near him. 180 + He started up; she blushed as one asham'd; + Wherewith Leander much more was inflam'd. + He touch'd her hand; in touching it she trembled: + Love deeply grounded hardly is dissembled. + These lovers parled by the touch of hands: + True love is mute, and oft amazed stands. + Thus while dumb signs their yielding hearts entangled, + The air with sparks of living fire was spangled; + And night,[13] deep-drenched in misty Acheron, + Heav'd up her head, and half the world upon 190 + Breath'd darkness forth (dark night is Cupid's day): + And now begins Leander to display + Love's holy fire, with words, with sighs, and tears; + Which, like sweet music, enter'd Hero's ears; + And yet at every word she turn'd aside + And always cut him off, as he replied. + At last, like to a bold sharp sophister, + With cheerful hope thus he accosted her. + "Fair creature,[14] let me speak without offence: + I would my rude words had the influence 200 + To lead thy thoughts as thy fair looks do mine! + Then shouldst thou be his prisoner, who is thine. + Be not unkind and fair; mis-shapen stuff + Are of behaviour boisterous and rough. + O, shun me not, but hear me ere you go! + God knows, I cannot force love as you do: + My words shall be as spotless as my youth, + Full of simplicity and naked truth. + This sacrifice, whose sweet perfume descending + From Venus' altar, to your footsteps bending, 210 + Doth testify that you exceed her far, + To whom you offer, and whose nun you are. + Why should you worship her? her you surpass + As much as sparkling diamonds flaring glass. + A diamond set in lead his worth retains; + A heavenly nymph, belov'd of human swains, + Receives no blemish, but ofttimes more grace; + Which makes me hope, although I am but base, + Base in respect of thee divine and pure, + Dutiful service may thy love procure; 220 + And I in duty will excel all other, + As thou in beauty dost exceed Love's mother. + Nor heaven nor thou were made to gaze upon: + As heaven preserves all things, so save thou one. + A stately-builded ship, well rigg'd and tall, + The ocean maketh more majestical; + Why vow'st thou, then, to live in Sestos here, + Who on Love's seas more glorious wouldst appear? + Like untun'd golden strings all women are, + Which long time lie untouch'd, will harshly jar. 230 + Vessels of brass, oft handled, brightly shine: + What difference betwixt[15] the richest mine + And basest mould, but use? for both, not us'd, + Are of like worth. Then treasure is abus'd, + When misers keep it: being put to loan, + In time it will return us two for one. + Rich robes themselves and others do adorn; + Neither themselves nor others, if not worn. + Who builds a palace, and rams up the gate, + Shall see it ruinous and desolate: 240 + Ah, simple Hero, learn thyself to cherish! + Lone women, like to empty houses, perish. + Less sins the poor rich man, that starves himself + In heaping up a mass of drossy pelf, + Than such as you: his golden earth remains, + Which, after his decease some other gains; + But this fair gem, sweet in the loss alone, + When you fleet hence, can be bequeath'd to none; + Or, if it could, down from th' enamell'd sky + All heaven would come to claim this legacy, 250 + And with intestine broils the world destroy, + And quite confound Nature's sweet harmony. + Well therefore by the gods decreed it is, + We human creatures should enjoy that bliss. + One is no number;[16] maids are nothing, then, + Without the sweet society of men. + Wilt thou live single still? one shalt thou be, + Though never-singling Hymen couple thee. + Wild savages, that drink of running springs + Think water far excels all earthly things; 260 + But they, that daily taste neat[17] wine, despise it: + Virginity, albeit some highly prize it, + Compar'd with marriage, had you tried them both, + Differs as much as wine and water doth. + Base bullion for the stamp's sake we allow: + Even so for men's impression do we you; + By which alone, our reverend fathers say, + Women receive perfection every way. + This idol, which you term virginity, + Is neither essence subject to the eye, 270 + No, nor to any one exterior sense, + Nor hath it any place of residence, + Nor is't of earth or mould celestial, + Or capable of any form at all. + Of that which hath no being, do not boast; + Things that are not at all, are never lost. + Men foolishly do call it virtuous: + What virtue is it, that is born with us? + Much less can honour be ascrib'd thereto: + Honour is purchas'd by the deeds we do; 280 + Believe me, Hero, honour is not won, + Until some honourable deed be done. + Seek you, for chastity, immortal fame, + And know that some have wrong'd Diana's name? + Whose name is it, if she be false or not, + So she be fair, but some vile tongues will blot? + But you are fair, ay me! so wondrous fair, + So young, so gentle, and so debonair. + As Greece will think, if thus you live alone, + Some one or other keeps you as his own. 290 + Then, Hero, hate me not, nor from me fly, + To follow swiftly-blasting infamy. + Perhaps thy sacred priesthood makes thee loath: + Tell me to whom mad'st thou that heedless oath?" + "To Venus," answer'd she; and, as she spake, + Forth from those two tralucent cisterns brake + A stream of liquid pearl, which down her face + Made milk-white paths, whereon the gods might trace + To Jove's high court. He thus replied: "The rites + In which Love's beauteous empress most delights, 300 + Are banquets, Doric music, midnight revel, + Plays, masks, and all that stern age counteth evil. + Thee as a holy idiot doth she scorn; + For thou, in vowing chastity, hast sworn + To rob her name and honour, and thereby + Committ'st a sin far worse than perjury, + Even sacrilege against her deity, + Through regular and formal purity. + To expiate which sin, kiss and shake hands: + Such sacrifice as this Venus demands." 310 + Thereat she smil'd, and did deny him so, + As put[18] thereby, yet might he hope for mo; + Which makes him quickly reinforce his speech, + And her in humble manner thus beseech: + "Though neither gods nor men may thee deserve, + Yet for her sake, whom you have vow'd to serve, + Abandon fruitless cold virginity, + The gentle queen of Love's sole enemy. + Then shall you most resemble Venus' nun, + When Venus' sweet rites are performed and done. 320 + Flint-breasted Pallas joys in single life; + But Pallas and your mistress are at strife. + Love, Hero, then, and be not tyrannous; + But heal the heart that thou hast wounded thus; + Nor stain thy youthful years with avarice: + Fair fools delight to be accounted nice. + The richest[19] corn dies, if it be not reapt; + Beauty alone is lost, too warily kept." + These arguments he us'd, and many more; + Wherewith she yielded, that was won before. 330 + Hero's looks yielded, but her words made war: + Women are won when they begin to jar. + Thus, having swallow'd Cupid's golden hook, + The more she striv'd, the deeper was she strook: + Yet, evilly feigning anger, strove she still, + And would be thought to grant against her will. + So having paus'd a while, at last she said, + "Who taught thee rhetoric to deceive a maid? + Ay me! such words as these should I abhor, + And yet I like them for the orator." 340 + With that, Leander stooped to have embrac'd her, + But from his spreading arms away she cast her, + And thus bespake him: "Gentle youth, forbear + To touch the sacred garments which I wear. + Upon a rock, and underneath a hill, + Far from the town (where all is whist[20] and still, + Save that the sea, playing on yellow sand, + Sends forth a rattling murmur to the land, + Whose sound allures the golden Morpheus + In silence of the night to visit us), 350 + My turret stands; and there, God knows, I play + With Venus' swans and sparrows all the day. + A[21] dwarfish beldam bears me company, + That hops about the chamber where I lie, + And spends the night, that might be better spent, + In vain discourse and apish merriment:-- + Come thither." As she spake this, her tongue tripp'd, + For unawares "Come thither" from her slipp'd; + And suddenly her former colour chang'd, + And here and there her eyes through anger rang'd; 360 + And, like a planet moving several ways + At one self instant, she, poor soul, assays, + Loving, not to love at all, and every part + Strove to resist the motions of her heart: + And hands so pure, so innocent, nay, such + As might have made Heaven stoop to have a touch, + Did she uphold to Venus, and again + Vow'd spotless chastity; but all in vain; + Cupid beats down her prayers with his wings; + Her vows above[22] the empty air he flings: 370 + All deep enrag'd, his sinewy bow he bent, + And shot a shaft that burning from him went; + Wherewith she strooken, look'd so dolefully, + As made Love sigh to see his tyranny; + And, as she wept, her tears to pearl he turn'd, + And wound them on his arm, and for her mourn'd. + Then towards the palace of the Destinies, + Laden with languishment and grief, he flies, + And to those stern nymphs humbly made request, + Both might enjoy each other, and be blest. 380 + But with a ghastly dreadful countenance, + Threatening a thousand deaths at every glance, + They answer'd Love, nor would vouchsafe so much + As one poor word, their hate to him was such: + Hearken awhile, and I will tell you why. + Heaven's winged herald, Jove-born Mercury, + The self-same day that he asleep had laid + Enchanted Argus, spied a country maid, + Whose careless hair, instead of pearl t'adorn it, + Glister'd with dew, as one that seemed to scorn it; 390 + Her breath as fragrant as the morning rose; + Her mind pure, and her tongue untaught to glose: + Yet proud she was (for lofty Pride that dwells + In tower'd courts, is oft in shepherds' cells), + And too-too well the fair vermillion knew + And silver tincture of her cheeks that drew + The love of every swain. On her this god + Enamour'd was, and with his snaky rod + Did charm her nimble feet, and made her stay, + The while upon a hillock down he lay, 400 + And sweetly on his pipe began to play, + And with smooth speech her fancy to assay, + Till in his twining arms he lock'd her fast, + And then he woo'd with kisses; and at last, + As shepherds do, her on the ground he laid, + And, tumbling in the grass, he often stray'd + Beyond the bounds of shame, in being bold + To eye those parts which no eye should behold; + And, like an insolent commanding lover, + Boasting his parentage, would needs discover 410 + The way to new Elysium. But she, + Whose only dower was her chastity, + Having striven in vain, was now about to cry, + And crave the help of shepherds that were nigh. + Herewith he stay'd his fury, and began + To give her leave to rise: away she ran; + After went Mercury, who used such cunning, + As she, to hear his tale, let off her running + (Maids are not won by brutish force and might, + But speeches full of pleasures and delight); 420 + And, knowing Hermes courted her, was glad + That she such loveliness and beauty had + As could provoke his liking; yet was mute, + And neither would deny nor grant his suit. + Still vow'd he love: she, wanting no excuse + To feed him with delays, as women use, + Or thirsting after immortality, + (All women are ambitious naturally), + Impos'd upon her lover such a task, + As he ought not perform, nor yet she ask; 430 + A draught of flowing nectar she requested, + Wherewith the king of gods and men is feasted. + He, ready to accomplish what she will'd, + Stole some from Hebe (Hebe Jove's cup fill'd), + And gave it to his simple rustic love: + Which being known,--as what is hid from Jove?-- + He inly storm'd, and wax'd more furious + Than for the fire filch'd by Prometheus; + And thrusts him down from heaven. He, wandering here, + In mournful terms, with sad and heavy cheer, 440 + Complain'd to Cupid: Cupid, for his sake, + To be reveng'd on Jove did undertake; + And those on whom heaven, earth, and hell relies, + I mean the adamantine Destinies, + He wounds with love, and forc'd them equally + To dote upon deceitful Mercury. + They offer'd him the deadly fatal knife + That shears the slender threads[23] of human life; + At his fair-feather'd feet the engines laid, + Which th' earth from ugly Chaos' den upweigh'd. 450 + These he regarded not; but did entreat + That Jove, usurper of his father's seat, + Might presently be banish'd into hell, + And aged Saturn in Olympus dwell. + They granted what he crav'd; and once again + Saturn and Ops began their golden reign: + Murder, rape, war, and[24] lust, and treachery, + Were with Jove clos'd in Stygian empery. + But long this blessed time continu'd not: + As soon as he his wished purpose got, 460 + He, reckless of his promise, did despise + The love of th' everlasting Destinies. + They, seeing it, both Love and him abhorr'd, + And Jupiter unto his place restor'd: + And, but that Learning, in despite of Fate, + Will mount aloft, and enter heaven-gate, + And to the seat of Jove itself advance, + Hermes had slept in hell with Ignorance. + Yet, as a punishment, they added this, + That he and Poverty should always kiss; 470 + And to this day is every scholar poor: + Gross gold from them runs headlong to the boor. + Likewise the angry Sisters, thus deluded, + To venge themselves on Hermes, have concluded + That Midas' brood shall sit in Honour's chair, + To which the Muses' sons are only heir; + And fruitful wits, that inaspiring[25] are, + Shall, discontent, run into regions far; + And few great lords in virtuous deeds shall joy + But be surpris'd with every garish toy, 480 + And still enrich the lofty servile clown, + Who with encroaching guile keeps learning down. + Then muse not Cupid's suit no better sped, + Seeing in their loves the Fates were injured. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[1] The Arguments are by Chapman, who also divided Marlowe's portion of +the form into the First and Second Sestiad. + +[2] Eds. 1600, 1606, 1613, "Sea-borders."--Ed. 1598, according to +Malone, has "sea-borderers;" and so eds. 1629, 1637. + +[3] Some editions give "wore." + +[4] Some eds. have "rockt," which may be the right reading. + +[5] So ed. 1637.--The earlier editions that I have seen read "may." + +[6] Cf. _Venus and Adonis_ (l. 3)-- + + "_Rose-cheek'd Adonis_ hied him to the chace." + +[7] So _Hamlet_ i. 1-- + + "The _moist star_, + Upon whose influence Neptune's empire stands." + +[8] "_Thrilling_--tremulously moving."--_Dyce._ Perhaps the meaning +rather is _penetrating_--drilling its way through--"the gloomy sky." + +[9] Variegated (Lat. _discolor_). + +[10] Dyce quotes a passage of Harington's _Orlando Furioso_ where +"flowre" (floor) rhymes with "towre." + +[11] Ed. 1600 and later 4tos. "Tail'd." For the coupling of "Vailed" +with "veiling," cf. 2. _Tamb._ v. iii. 6. "pitch their pitchy tents." + +[12] This line is quoted in _As you like it_, iii. 5:-- + + "Dead shepherd, now I find thy saw of might,-- + _Who ever lov'd, that lov'd not at first sight._" + +[13] "A periphrasis of Night." Marginal note in ed. 1598. + +[14] Lines 199-204, 221-222, are quoted, not quite accurately, by +Matthew in _Every Man in his Humour_, iv. 1. + +[15] Some eds. give "between." + +[16] Cf. Shakespeare, _Sonnet_ cxxxvi.-- + + "Among a number one is reckoned none." + +[17] Some eds. read "sweet." + +[18] Cf. Second Sestiad, l. 73-- + + "She with a kind of granting _put_ him _by_ it." + +[19] This line is quoted in _England's Parnassus_ with the reading +"ripest." + +[20] Hushed. + +[21] "To the 'beldam nurse' there occurs the following allusion in +Drayton's _Heroical Epistle from Queen Mary to Charles Brandon_:-- + + 'There is no beldam nurse to powt nor lower + When wantoning we revell in my tower, + Nor need I top my turret with a light, + To guide thee to me as thou swim'st by night.'"--_Broughton._ + +[22] So the old eds.--Dyce reads "about." + +[23] We are reminded of _Lycidas_:-- + + "Comes the blind Fury with the abhorred shears + And slits the thin-spun life." + +[24] Omitted in ed. 1600 and later 4tos. + +[25] This word cannot be right. Query, "high-aspiring?" + + + + +THE SECOND SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Second Sestiad._ + + + Hero of love takes deeper sense, + And doth her love more recompense: + Their first night's meeting, where sweet kisses + Are th' only crowns of both their blisses + He swims t' Abydos, and returns: + Cold Neptune with his beauty burns; + Whose suit he shuns, and doth aspire + Hero's fair tower and his desire. + + By this, sad Hero, with love unacquainted, + Viewing Leander's face, fell down and fainted. + He kiss'd her, and breath'd life[26] into her lips; + Wherewith, as one displeas'd, away she trips; + Yet, as she went, full often look'd behind, + And many poor excuses did she find + To linger by the way, and once she stay'd, + And would have turn'd again, but was afraid, + In offering parley, to be counted light: + So on she goes, and, in her idle flight, 10 + Her painted fan of curled plumes let fall, + Thinking to train Leander therewithal. + He, being a novice, knew not what she meant, + But stay'd, and after her a letter sent; + Which joyful Hero answer'd in such sort, + As he had hope to scale the beauteous fort + Wherein the liberal Graces locked their wealth; + And therefore to her tower he got by stealth. + Wide open stood the door; he need not climb; + And she herself, before the pointed time, 20 + Had spread the board, with roses strew'd the room, + And oft looked out, and mused he did not come. + At last he came: O, who can tell the greeting + These greedy lovers had at their first meeting? + He asked; she gave; and nothing was denied; + Both to each other quickly were affied: + Look how their hands, so were their hearts united, + And what he did, she willingly requited. + (Sweet are the kisses, the embracements sweet, + When like desires and like[27] affections meet; 30 + For from the earth to heaven is Cupid raised, + Where fancy is in equal balance paised.[28]) + Yet she this rashness suddenly repented, + And turn'd aside, and to herself lamented, + As if her name and honour had been wronged + By being possessed of him for whom she longed; + I, and she wished, albeit not from her heart, + That he would leave her turret and depart. + The mirthful god of amorous pleasure smiled + To see how he this captive nymph beguiled; 40 + For hitherto he did but fan the fire, + And kept it down, that it might mount the higher. + Now wax'd she jealous lest his love abated, + Fearing her own thoughts made her to be hated. + Therefore unto him hastily she goes, + And, like light Salmacis, her body throws + Upon his bosom, where with yielding eyes + She offers up herself a sacrifice + To slake her anger, if he were displeased: + O, what god would not therewith be appeased? 50 + Like AEsop's cock, this jewel he enjoyed, + And as a brother with his sister toyed, + Supposing nothing else was to be done, + Now he her favour and goodwill had won. + But know you not that creatures wanting sense, + By nature have a mutual appetence, + And, wanting organs to advance a step, + Mov'd by love's force, unto each other lep? + Much more in subjects having intellect + Some hidden influence breeds like effect. 60 + Albeit Leander, rude in love and raw, + Long dallying with Hero, nothing saw + That might delight him more, yet he suspected + Some amorous rites or other were neglected. + Therefore unto his body hers he clung: + She, fearing on the rushes[29] to be flung, + Strived with redoubled strength; the more she strived, + The more a gentle pleasing heat revived, + Which taught him all that elder lovers know; + And now the same gan so to scorch and glow, 70 + As in plain terms, yet cunningly, he'd crave[30] it: + Love always makes those eloquent that have it. + She, with a kind of granting, put him by it, + And ever, as he thought himself most nigh it, + Like to the tree of Tantalus, she fled, + And, seeming lavish, saved her maidenhead. + Ne'er king more sought to keep his diadem, + Than Hero this inestimable gem: + Above our life we love a steadfast friend; + Yet when a token of great worth we send, 80 + We often kiss it, often look thereon, + And stay the messenger that would be gone; + No marvel, then, though Hero would not yield + So soon to part from that she dearly held: + Jewels being lost are found again; this never; + 'Tis lost but once, and once lost, lost for ever. + + Now had the Morn espied her lover's steeds; + Whereat she starts, puts on her purple weeds, + And, red for anger that he stayed so long, + All headlong throws herself the clouds among. 90 + And now Leander, fearing to be missed, + Embraced her suddenly, took leave, and kissed: + Long was he taking leave, and loath to go, + And kissed again, as lovers use to do. + Sad Hero wrung him by the hand, and wept, + Saying, "Let your vows and promises be kept:" + Then standing at the door, she turned about, + As loath to see Leander going out. + And now the sun, that through th' horizon peeps, + As pitying these lovers, downward creeps; 100 + So that in silence of the cloudy night, + Though it was morning, did he take his flight. + But what the secret trusty night concealed, + Leander's amorous habit soon revealed: + With Cupid's myrtle was his bonnet crowned, + About his arms the purple riband wound, + Wherewith she wreath'd her largely-spreading hair; + Nor could the youth abstain, but he must wear + The sacred ring wherewith she was endowed, + When first religious chastity she vowed; 110 + Which made his love through Sestos to be known, + And thence unto Abydos sooner blown + Than he could sail; for incorporeal Fame, + Whose weight consists in nothing but her name, + Is swifter than the wind, whose tardy plumes + Are reeking water and dull earthly fumes. + + Home when he came, he seemed not to be there, + But, like exiled air thrust from his sphere, + Set in a foreign place; and straight from thence, + Alcides-like, by mighty violence, 120 + He would have chas'd away the swelling main, + That him from her unjustly did detain. + Like as the sun in a diameter + Fires and inflames objects removed far, + And heateth kindly, shining laterally; + So beauty sweetly quickens when 'tis nigh, + But being separated and removed, + Burns where it cherished, murders where it loved. + Therefore even as an index to a book, + So to his mind was young Leander's look. 130 + O, none but gods have power[31] their love to hide! + Affection by the countenance is descried; + The light of hidden fire itself discovers, + And love that is concealed betrays poor lovers. + His secret flame apparently was seen: + Leander's father knew where he had been, + And for the same mildly rebuk'd his son, + Thinking to quench the sparkles new-begun. + But love, resisted once, grows passionate, + And nothing more than counsel lovers hate; 140 + For as a hot proud horse highly disdains + To have his head controlled, but breaks the reins, + Spits forth the ringled[32] bit, and with his hoves + Checks the submissive ground; so he that loves, + The more he is restrain'd, the worse he fares: + What is it now but mad Leander dares? + "O Hero, Hero!" thus he cried full oft; + And then he got him to a rock aloft, + Where having spied her tower, long star'd he on't, + And pray'd the narrow toiling Hellespont 150 + To part in twain, that he might come and go; + But still the rising billows answer'd, "No." + With that, he stripp'd him to the ivory skin, + And, crying, "Love, I come," leap'd lively in: + Whereat the sapphire-visaged god grew proud, + And made his capering Triton sound aloud, + Imagining that Ganymede, displeas'd, + Had left the heavens; therefore on him he seiz'd. + Leander strived; the waves about him wound, + And pull'd him to the bottom, where the ground 160 + Was strewed with pearl, and in low coral groves + Sweet-singing mermaids sported with their loves + On heaps of heavy gold, and took great pleasure + To spurn in careless sort the shipwreck treasure; + For here the stately azure palace stood, + Where kingly Neptune and his train abode. + The lusty god embrac'd him, called him "Love," + And swore he never should return to Jove: + But when he knew it was not Ganymed, + For under water he was almost dead, 170 + He heav'd him up, and, looking on his face, + Beat down the bold waves with his triple mace, + Which mounted up, intending to have kiss'd him, + And fell in drops like tears because they miss'd him. + Leander, being up, began to swim, + And, looking back, saw Neptune follow him: + Whereat aghast, the poor soul gan to cry, + "O, let me visit Hero ere I die!" + The god put Helle's bracelet on his arm, + And swore the sea should never do him harm. 180 + He clapped his plump cheeks, with his tresses played, + And, smiling wantonly, his love bewrayed; + He watched his arms, and, as they open'd wide + At every stroke, betwixt them would he slide, + And steal a kiss, and then run out and dance, + And, as he turn'd, cast many a lustful glance, + And throw him gaudy toys to please his eye, + And dive into the water, and there pry + Upon his breast, his thighs, and every limb, + And up again, and close beside him swim, 190 + And talk of love. Leander made reply, + "You are deceiv'd; I am no woman, I." + Thereat smil'd Neptune, and then told a tale, + How that a shepherd, sitting in a vale, + Play'd with a boy so lovely-fair[33] and kind, + As for his love both earth and heaven pin'd; + That of the cooling river durst not drink, + Lest water-nymphs should pull him from the brink; + And when he sported in the fragrant lawns, + Goat-footed Satyrs and up-staring[34] Fauns 200 + Would steal him thence. Ere half this tale was done, + "Ay me," Leander cried, "th' enamoured sun, + That now should shine on Thetis' glassy bower, + Descends upon my radiant Hero's tower: + O, that these tardy arms of mine were wings!" + And, as he spake, upon the waves he springs. + Neptune was angry that he gave no ear, + And in his heart revenging malice bare: + He flung at him his mace; but, as it went, + He call'd it in, for love made him repent: 210 + The mace, returning back, his own hand hit, + As meaning to be venged for darting it. + When this fresh-bleeding wound Leander viewed, + His colour went and came, as if he rued + The grief which Neptune felt: in gentle breasts + Relenting thoughts, remorse, and pity rests; + And who have hard hearts and obdurate minds, + But vicious, hare-brained, and illiterate hinds? + The god, seeing him with pity to be moved, + Thereon concluded that he was beloved. 220 + (Love is too full of faith, too credulous, + With folly and false hope deluding us); + Wherefore, Leander's fancy to surprise, + To the rich ocean for gifts he flies: + Tis wisdom to give much; a gift prevails + When deep persuading oratory fails, + By this, Leander, being near the land, + Cast down his weary feet, and felt the sand. + Breathless albeit he were, he rested not + Till to the solitary tower he got; 230 + And knocked and called: at which celestial noise + The longing heart of Hero much more joys, + Than nymphs and shepherds when the timbrel rings, + Or crooked dolphin when the sailor sings. + She stayed not for her robes, but straight arose, + And, drunk with gladness, to the door she goes; + Where seeing a naked man, she screeched for fear + (Such sights as this to tender maids are rare), + And ran into the dark herself to hide + (Rich jewels in the dark are soonest spied). 240 + Unto her was he led, or rather drawn, + By those white limbs which sparkled through the lawn. + The nearer that he came, the more she fled, + And, seeking refuge, slipt into her bed; + Whereon Leander sitting, thus began, + Through numbing cold, all feeble, faint, and wan. + "If not for love, yet, love, for pity-sake, + Me in thy bed and maiden bosom take; + At least vouchsafe these arms some little room, + Who, hoping to embrace thee, cheerly swoom: 250 + This head was beat with many a churlish billow, + And therefore let it rest upon thy pillow." + Herewith affrighted, Hero shrunk away, + And in her lukewarm place Leander lay; + Whose lively heat, like fire from heaven fet,[35] + Would animate gross clay, and higher set + The drooping thoughts of base-declining souls, + Than dreary-Mars-carousing nectar bowls. + His hands he cast upon her like a snare: + She, overcome with shame and sallow[36] fear, 260 + Like chaste Diana when Actaeon spied her, + Being suddenly betray'd, div'd down to hide her; + And, as her silver body downward went, + With both her hands she made the bed a tent, + And in her own mind thought herself secure, + O'ercast with dim and darksome coverture. + And now she lets him whisper in her ear, + Flatter, entreat, promise, protest, and swear: + Yet ever, as he greedily assay'd + To touch those dainties, she the harpy play'd, 270 + And every limb did, as a soldier stout, + Defend the fort, and keep the foeman out; + For though the rising ivory mount he scal'd, + Which is with azure circling lines empal'd, + Much like a globe (a globe may I term this, + By which Love sails to regions full of bliss), + Yet there with Sisyphus he toil'd in vain, + Till gentle parley did the truce obtain + Even[37] as a bird, which in our hands we wring, + Forth plungeth, and oft flutters with her wing, 280 + She trembling strove: this strife of hers, like that + Which made the world, another world begat + Of unknown joy. Treason was in her thought, + And cunningly to yield herself she sought. + Seeming not won, yet won she was at length: + In such wars women use but half their strength. + Leander now, like Theban Hercules, + Enter'd the orchard of th' Hesperides; + Whose fruit none rightly can describe, but he + That pulls or shakes it from the golden tree. 290 + Wherein Leander, on her quivering breast, + Breathless spoke something, and sigh'd out the rest; + Which so prevail'd, as he with small ado, + Enclos'd her in his arms, and kiss'd her too: + And every kiss to her was as a charm, + And to Leander as a fresh alarm: + So that the truce was broke, and she, alas, + Poor silly maiden, at his mercy was. + Love is not full of pity, as men say, + But deaf and cruel where he means to prey. 300 + And now she wish'd this night were never done, + And sigh'd to think upon th' approaching sun; + For much it griev'd her that the bright day-light + Should know the pleasure of this blessed night, + And them, like Mars and Erycine, display[38] + Both in each other's arms chain'd as they lay. + Again, she knew not how to frame her look, + Or speak to him, who in a moment took + That which so long, so charily she kept; + And fain by stealth away she would have crept, 310 + And to some corner secretly have gone, + Leaving Leander in the bed alone. + But as her naked feet were whipping out, + He on the sudden cling'd her so about, + That, mermaid-like, unto the floor she slid; + One half appear'd, the other half was hid. + Thus near the bed she blushing stood upright, + And from her countenance behold ye might + A kind of twilight break, which through the air,[39] + As from an orient cloud, glimps'd[40] here and there; 320 + And round about the chamber this false morn + Brought forth the day before the day was born. + So Hero's ruddy cheek Hero betray'd, + And her all naked to his sight display'd: + Whence his admiring eyes more pleasure took + Than Dis,[41] on heaps of gold fixing his look. + By this, Apollo's golden harp began + To sound forth music to the ocean; + Which watchful Hesperus no sooner heard, + But he the bright Day-bearing car[42] prepar'd, 330 + And ran before, as harbinger of light, + And with his flaring beams mock'd ugly Night, + Till she, o'ercome with anguish, shame, and rage, + Dang'd[43] down to hell her loathsome carriage. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[26] Cf. _Rom. and Jul._ v. 1-- + + "I dreamed my lady came and found me dead, + Strange dream that gives a dead man leave to think!-- + And _breathed such life with kisses in my lips_, + That I revived and was an emperor." + +[27] Omitted in eds. 1600, 1606, 1613, and 1637. + +[28] Peised, weighed. + +[29] Rooms were strewed with rushes before the introduction of carpets. +Shakespeare, like Marlowe, attributed the customs of his own day to +ancient times. Cf. _Cymb._ ii. 2-- + + "Our Tarquin thus + Did softly press the _rushes_ ere he wakened + The chastity he wounded." + +[30] Old eds. "crau'd." + +[31] Some eds. give "O, none have power but gods." + +[32] "In ages and countries where mechanical ingenuity has but few +outlets it exhausts itself in the constructions of bits, each more +peculiar in form or more torturing in effect than that which has +preceded it. I have seen collections of these instruments of torments, +and among them some of which Marlowe's curious adjective would have been +highly descriptive. It may be, however, that the word is 'ring-led,' in +which shape it would mean guided by the ring on each side like a +snaffle."--_Cunningham._ + +[33] Some eds. give "so faire and kind." Cf. _Othello_, iv. 2-- + + "O thou wind + Who art so _lovely-fair_ and smell'st so sweet." + +[34] Ed. 1613 and later eds. "upstarting." + +[35] Fetched + +[36] Some eds. give "shallow." + +[37] In the old eds. this line and the next stood after l. 300. The +transposition was made by Singer in the edition of 1821. + +[38] Old eds.--"then ... displaid," and in the next line "laid." + +[39] Old eds. "heare" and "haire." + +[40] Old eds. "glympse." + +[41] Pluto was frequently identified by the Greeks with Plutus. + +[42] Old eds. "day bright-bearing car." + +[43] Dinged, dashed. Some eds. give "hurled."--Here Marlowe's share +ends. + + + + +THE EPISTLE[44] DEDICATORY + +TO MY + +BEST ESTEEMED AND WORTHILY HONOURED LADY THE + +LADY WALSINGHAM, + +ONE OF THE LADIES OF HER MAJESTY'S BED-CHAMBER. + + +I present your ladyship with the last affections of the first two Lovers +that ever Muse shrined in the Temple of Memory; being drawn by strange +instigation to employ some of my serious time in so trifling a subject, +which yet made the first Author, divine Musaeus, eternal. And were it +not that we must subject our accounts of these common received conceits +to servile custom, it goes much against my hand to sign that for a +trifling subject on which more worthiness of soul hath been shewed, and +weight of divine wit, than can vouchsafe residence in the leaden gravity +of any money-monger; in whose profession all serious subjects are +concluded. But he that shuns trifles must shun the world; out of whose +reverend heaps of substance and austerity I can and will ere long single +or tumble out as brainless and passionate fooleries as ever panted in +the bosom of the most ridiculous lover. Accept it, therefore, good +Madam, though as a trifle, yet as a serious argument of my affection; +for to be thought thankful for all free and honourable favours is a +great sum of that riches my whole thrift intendeth. + +Such uncourtly and silly dispositions as mine, whose contentment hath +other objects than profit or glory, are as glad, simply for the naked +merit of virtue, to honour such as advance her, as others that are hard +to commend with deepliest politique bounty. + +It hath therefore adjoined much contentment to my desire of your true +honour to hear men of desert in court add to mine own knowledge of your +noble disposition how gladly you do your best to prefer their desires, +and have as absolute respect to their mere good parts as if they came +perfumed and charmed with golden incitements. And this most sweet +inclination, that flows from the truth and eternity of Nobles[se], +assure your Ladyship doth more suit your other ornaments, and makes more +to the advancement of your name and happiness of your proceedings, than +if like others you displayed ensigns of state and sourness in your +forehead, made smooth with nothing but sensuality and presents. + +This poor Dedication (in figure of the other unity betwixt Sir Thomas +and yourself) hath rejoined you with him, my honoured best friend; whose +continuance of ancient kindness to my still-obscured estate, though it +cannot increase my love to him which hath been entirely circular; yet +shall it encourage my deserts to their utmost requital, and make my +hearty gratitude speak; to which the unhappiness of my life hath +hitherto been uncomfortable and painful dumbness. + +By your Ladyship's vowed in + + most wished service, + + GEORGE CHAPMAN. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[44] This Epistle is only found in the Isham copy, 1598. + + + + +THE THIRD SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Third Sestiad._ + + + Leander to the envious light + Resigns his night-sports with the night, + And swims the Hellespont again. + Thesme, the deity sovereign + Of customs and religious rites, + Appears, reproving[45] his delights, + Since nuptial honours he neglected; + Which straight he vows shall be effected. + Fair Hero, left devirginate, + Weighs, and with fury wails her state; 10 + But with her love and woman's wit + She argues and approveth it. + + New light gives new directions, fortunes new, + To fashion our endeavours that ensue. + More harsh, at least more hard, more grave and high + Our subject runs, and our stern Muse must fly. + Love's edge is taken off, and that light flame, + Those thoughts, joys, longings, that before became + High unexperienc'd blood, and maids' sharp plights, + Must now grow staid, and censure the delights, + That, being enjoy'd, ask judgment; now we praise, + As having parted: evenings crown the days. 10 + And now, ye wanton Loves, and young Desires, + Pied Vanity, the mint of strange attires, + Ye lisping Flatteries, and obsequious Glances, + Relentful Musics, and attractive Dances, + And you detested Charms constraining love! + Shun love's stoln sports by that these lovers prove. + By this, the sovereign of heaven's golden fires, + And young Leander, lord of his desires, + Together from their lovers' arms arose: + Leander into Hellespontus throws 20 + His Hero-handled body, whose delight + Made him disdain each other epithite. + And as amidst th' enamour'd waves he swims, + The god of gold[46] of purpose gilt his limbs, + That, this word _gilt_[47] including double sense, + The double guilt of his incontinence + Might be express'd, that had no stay t' employ + The treasure which the love-god let him joy + In his dear Hero, with such sacred thrift + As had beseem'd so sanctified a gift; 30 + But, like a greedy vulgar prodigal, + Would on the stock dispend, and rudely fall, + Before his time, to that unblessed blessing + Which, for lust's plague, doth perish with possessing: + Joy graven in sense, like snow[48] in water, wasts: + Without preserve of virtue, nothing lasts. + What man is he, that with a wealthy eye + Enjoys a beauty richer than the sky, + Through whose white skin, softer than soundest sleep, + With damask eyes the ruby blood doth peep, 40 + And runs in branches through her azure veins, + Whose mixture and first fire his love attains; + Whose both hands limit both love's deities, + And sweeten human thoughts like Paradise; + Whose disposition silken is and kind, + Directed with an earth-exempted mind;-- + Who thinks not heaven with such a love is given? + And who, like earth, would spend that dower of heaven, + With rank desire to joy it all at first? + What simply kills our hunger, quencheth thirst, 50 + Clothes but our nakedness, and makes us live, + Praise doth not any of her favours give: + But what doth plentifully minister + Beauteous apparel and delicious cheer, + So order'd that it still excites desire, + And still gives pleasure freeness to aspire, + The palm of Bounty ever moist preserving; + To Love's sweet life this is the courtly carving. + Thus Time and all-states-ordering Ceremony + Had banish'd all offence: Time's golden thigh 60 + Upholds the flowery body of the earth + In sacred harmony, and every birth + Of men and actions[49] makes legitimate; + Being us'd aright, the use of time is fate. + Yet did the gentle flood transfer once more + This prize of love home to his father's shore; + Where he unlades himself on that false wealth + That makes few rich,--treasures compos'd by stealth; + And to his sister, kind Hermione + (Who on the shore kneel'd, praying to the sea 70 + For his return), he all love's goods did show, + In Hero seis'd for him, in him for Hero. + His most kind sister all his secrets knew, + And to her, singing, like a shower, he flew, + Sprinkling the earth, that to their tombs took in + Streams dead for love, to leave his ivory shin, + Which yet a snowy foam did leave above, + As soul to the dead water that did love; + And from hence did the first white roses spring + (For love is sweet and fair in everything), 80 + And all the sweeten'd shore, as he did go, + Was crown'd with odorous roses, white as snow. + Love-blest Leander was with love so fill'd, + That love to all that touch'd him he instill'd; + And as the colours of all things we see, + To our sight's powers communicated be, + So to all objects that in compass came + Of any sense he had, his senses' flame + Flow'd from his parts with force so virtual, + It fir'd with sense things mere[50] insensual. 90 + Now, with warm baths and odours comforted, + When he lay down, he kindly kiss'd his bed, + As consecrating it to Hero's right, + And vow'd thereafter, that whatever sight + Put him in mind of Hero or her bliss, + Should be her altar to prefer a kiss. + Then laid he forth his late-enriched arms, + In whose white circle Love writ all his charms, + And made his characters sweet Hero's limbs, + When on his breast's warm sea she sideling swims; 100 + And as those arms, held up in circle, met, + He said, "See, sister, Hero's carquenet! + Which she had rather wear about her neck, + Than all the jewels that do Juno deck." + But, as he shook with passionate desire + To put in flame his other secret fire, + A music so divine did pierce his ear, + As never yet his ravish'd sense did hear; + When suddenly a light of twenty hues + Brake through the roof, and, like the rainbow, views, 110 + Amaz'd Leander: in whose beams came down + The goddess Ceremony, with a crown + Of all the stars; and Heaven with her descended: + Her flaming hair to her bright feet extended, + By which hung all the bench of deities; + And in a chain, compact of ears and eyes, + She led Religion: all her body was + Clear and transparent as the purest glass, + For she was all[51] presented to the sense: + Devotion, Order, State, and Reverence, 120 + Her shadows were; Society, Memory; + All which her sight made live, her absence die. + A rich disparent pentacle[52] she wears, + Drawn full of circles and strange characters. + Her face was changeable to every eye; + One way look'd ill, another graciously; + Which while men view'd, they cheerful were and holy, + But looking off, vicious and melancholy. + The snaky paths to each observed law + Did Policy in her broad bosom draw. 130 + One hand a mathematic crystal sways, + Which, gathering in one line a thousand rays + From her bright eyes, Confusion burns to death, + And all estates of men distinguisheth: + By it Morality and Comeliness + Themselves in all their sightly figures dress. + Her other hand a laurel rod applies, + To beat back Barbarism and Avarice, + That follow'd, eating earth and excrement + And human limbs; and would make proud ascent 140 + To seats of gods, were Ceremony slain. + The Hours and Graces bore her glorious train; + And all the sweets of our society + Were spher'd and treasur'd in her bounteous eye. + Thus she appear'd, and sharply did reprove + Leander's bluntness in his violent love; + Told him how poor was substance without rites, + Like bills unsign'd; desires without delights; + Like meats unseason'd; like rank corn that grows + On cottages, that none or reaps or sows; 150 + Not being with civil forms confirm'd and bounded, + For human dignities and comforts founded; + But loose and secret all their glories hide; + Fear fills the chamber, Darkness decks the bride. + She vanish'd, leaving pierc'd Leander's heart + With sense of his unceremonious part, + In which, with plain neglect of nuptial rites, + He close and flatly fell to his delights: + And instantly he vow'd to celebrate + All rites pertaining to his married state. 160 + So up he gets, and to his father goes, + To whose glad ears he doth his vows disclose. + The nuptials are resolv'd with utmost power; + And he at night would swim to Hero's tower, + From whence he meant to Sestos' forked bay + To bring her covertly, where ships must stay, + Sent by his[53] father, throughly rigg'd and mann'd, + To waft her safely to Abydos' strand. + There leave we him; and with fresh wing pursue + Astonish'd Hero, whose most wished view 170 + I thus long have foreborne, because I left her + So out of countenance, and her spirits bereft her: + To look on one abash'd is impudence, + When of slight faults he hath too deep a sense. + Her blushing het[54] her chamber; she look'd out, + And all the air she purpled round about; + And after it a foul black day befell, + Which ever since a red morn doth foretell, + And still renews our woes for Hero's woe; + And foul it prov'd because it figur'd so 180 + The next night's horror; which prepare to hear; + I fail, if it profane your daintiest ear. + Then, ho,[55] most strangely-intellectual fire, + That, proper to my soul, hast power t' inspire + Her burning faculties, and with the wings + Of thy unsphered flame visit'st the springs + Of spirits immortal! Now (as swift as Time + Doth follow Motion) find th' eternal clime + Of his free soul, whose living subject[56] stood + Up to the chin in the Pierian flood, 190 + And drunk to me half this Musaean story, + Inscribing it to deathless memory: + Confer with it, and make my pledge as deep, + That neither's draught be consecrate to sleep; + Tell it how much his late desires I tender + (If yet it know not), and to light surrender + My soul's dark offspring, willing it should die + To loves, to passions, and society. + Sweet Hero, left upon her bed alone, + Her maidenhead, her vows, Leander gone, 200 + And nothing with her but a violent crew + Of new-come thoughts, that yet she never knew, + Even to herself a stranger, was much like + Th' Iberian city[57] that War's hand did strike + By English force in princely Essex' guide, + When Peace assur'd her towers had fortified, + And golden-finger'd India had bestow'd + Such wealth on her, that strength and empire flow'd + Into her turrets, and her virgin waist + The wealthy girdle of the sea embraced; 210 + Till our Leander, that made Mars his Cupid, + For soft love-suits, with iron thunders chid; + Swum to her towers,[58] dissolv'd her virgin zone; + Led in his power, and made Confusion + Run through her streets amaz'd, that she suppos'd + She had not been in her own walls enclos'd, + But rapt by wonder to some foreign state, + Seeing all her issue so disconsolate, + And all her peaceful mansions possess'd + With war's just spoil, and many a foreign guest 220 + From every corner driving an enjoyer, + Supplying it with power of a destroyer. + So far'd fair Hero in th' expugned fort + Of her chaste bosom; and of every sort + Strange thoughts possess'd her, ransacking her breast + For that that was not there, her wonted rest. + She was a mother straight, and bore with pain + Thoughts that spake straight, and wish'd their mother slain; + She hates their lives, and they their own and hers: + Such strife still grows where sin the race prefers: 230 + Love is a golden bubble, full of dreams, + That waking breaks, and fills us with extremes. + She mus'd how she could look upon her sire, + And not shew that without, that was intire;[59] + For as a glass is an inanimate eye, + And outward forms embraceth inwardly, + So is the eye an animate glass, that shows + In-forms without us; and as Phoebus throws + His beams abroad, though he in clouds be clos'd, + Still glancing by them till he find oppos'd 240 + A loose and rorid vapour that is fit + T' event[60] his searching beams, and useth it + To form a tender twenty-colour'd eye, + Cast in a circle round about the sky; + So when our fiery soul, our body's star, + (That ever is in motion circular,) + Conceives a form, in seeking to display it + Through all our cloudy parts, it doth convey it + Forth at the eye, as the most pregnant place, + And that reflects it round about the face. 250 + And this event, uncourtly Hero thought, + Her inward guilt would in her looks have wrought; + For yet the world's stale cunning she resisted, + To bear foul thoughts, yet forge what looks she listed, + And held it for a very silly sleight, + To make a perfect metal counterfeit, + Glad to disclaim herself, proud of an art + That makes the face a pandar to the heart. + Those be the painted moons, whose lights profane + Beauty's true Heaven, at full still in their wane; 260 + Those be the lapwing-faces that still cry, + "Here 'tis!" when that they vow is nothing nigh: + Base fools! when every moorish fool[61] can teach + That which men think the height of human reach. + But custom, that the apoplexy is + Of bed-rid nature and lives led amiss, + And takes away all feeling of offence, + Yet braz'd not Hero's brow with impudence; + And this she thought most hard to bring to pass, + To seem in countenance other than she was, 270 + As if she had two souls, one for the face, + One for the heart, and that they shifted place + As either list to utter or conceal + What they conceiv'd, or as one soul did deal + With both affairs at once, keeps and ejects + Both at an instant contrary effects; + Retention and ejection in her powers + Being acts alike; for this one vice of ours, + That forms the thought, and sways the countenance, + Rules both our motion and our utterance. 280 + These and more grave conceits toil'd Hero's spirits; + For, though the light of her discoursive wits + Perhaps might find some little hole to pass + Through all these worldly cinctures, yet, alas! + There was a heavenly flame encompass'd her,-- + Her goddess, in whose fane she did prefer + Her virgin vows, from whose impulsive sight + She knew the black shield of the darkest night + Could not defend her, nor wit's subtlest art: + This was the point pierc'd Hero to the heart; 290 + Who, heavy to the death, with a deep sigh, + And hand that languished, took a robe was nigh, + Exceeding large, and of black cypres[62] made, + In which she sate, hid from the day in shade, + Even over head and face, down to her feet; + Her left hand made it at her bosom meet, + Her right hand lean'd on her heart-bowing knee, + Wrapp'd in unshapeful folds, 'twas death to see; + Her knee stay'd that, and that her falling face; + Each limb help'd other to put on disgrace: 300 + No form was seen, where form held all her sight; + But like an embryon that saw never light, + Or like a scorched statue made a coal + With three-wing'd lightning, or a wretched soul + Muffled with endless darkness, she did sit: + The night had never such a heavy spirit. + Yet might a penetrating[63] eye well see + How fast her clear tears melted on her knee + Through her black veil, and turn'd as black as it, + Mourning to be her tears. Then wrought her wit 310 + With her broke vow, her goddess' wrath, her fame,-- + All tools that enginous[64] despair could frame: + Which made her strew the floor with her torn hair, + And spread her mantle piece-meal in the air. + Like Jove's son's club, strong passion struck her down, + And with a piteous shriek enforc'd her swoun: + Her shriek made with another shriek ascend + The frighted matron that on her did tend; + And as with her own cry her sense was slain, + So with the other it was called again. 320 + She rose, and to her bed made forced way, + And laid her down even where Leander lay; + And all this while the red sea of her blood + Ebb'd with Leander: but now turn'd the flood, + And all her fleet of spirits came swelling in, + With child[65] of sail, and did hot fight begin + With those severe conceits she too much marked: + And here Leander's beauties were embarked. + He came in swimming, painted all with joys, + Such as might sweeten hell: his thought destroys 330 + All her destroying thoughts; she thought she felt + His heart in hers, with her contentions melt, + And chide her soul that it could so much err, + To check the true joys he deserved in her. + Her fresh-heat blood cast figures in her eyes, + And she suppos'd she saw in Neptune's skies + How her star wander'd, wash'd in smarting brine, + For her love's sake, that with immortal wine + Should be embath'd, and swim in more heart's-ease + Than there was water in the Sestian seas. 340 + Then said her Cupid-prompted spirit, "Shall I + Sing moans to such delightsome harmony? + Shall slick-tongu'd Fame, patch'd up with voices rude, + The drunken bastard of the multitude + (Begot when father Judgment is away, + And, gossip-like, says because others say, + Takes news as if it were too hot to eat, + And spits it slavering forth for dog-fees meat), + Make me, for forging a fantastic vow, + Presume to bear what makes grave matrons bow? 350 + Good vows are never broken with good deeds, + For then good deeds were bad: vows are but seeds, + And good deeds fruits; even those good deeds that grow + From other stocks than from th' observed vow. + That is a good deed that prevents a bad: + Had I not yielded, slain myself I had. + Hero Leander is, Leander Hero; + Such virtue love hath to make one of two. + If, then, Leander did my maidenhead git, + Leander being myself, I still retain it: 360 + We break chaste vows when we live loosely ever, + But bound as we are, we live loosely never: + Two constant lovers being join'd in one, + Yielding to one another, yield to none. + We know not how to vow till love unblind us, + And vows made ignorantly never bind us. + Too true it is, that, when 'tis gone, men hate + The joy[66] as vain they took in love's estate: + But that's since they have lost the heavenly light + Should show them way to judge of all things right. 370 + When life is gone, death must implant his terror: + As death is foe to life, so love to error. + Before we love, how range we through this sphere, + Searching the sundry fancies hunted here: + Now with desire of wealth transported quite + Beyond our free humanity's delight; + Now with ambition climbing falling towers, + Whose hope to scale, our fear to fall devours; + Now rapt with pastimes, pomp, all joys impure: + In things without us no delight is sure. 380 + But love, with all joys crowned, within doth sit: + O goddess, pity love, and pardon it!" + Thus spake she[67] weeping: but her goddess' ear + Burn'd with too stern a heat, and would not hear. + Ay me! hath heaven's strait fingers no more graces + For such as Hero[68] than for homeliest faces? + Yet she hoped well, and in her sweet conceit + Weighing her arguments, she thought them weight, + And that the logic of Leander's beauty, + And them together, would bring proofs of duty; 390 + And if her soul, that was a skilful glance + Of heaven's great essence, found such imperance[69] + In her love's beauties, she had confidence + Jove loved him too, and pardoned her offence: + Beauty in heaven and earth this grace doth win, + It supples rigour, and it lessens sin. + Thus, her sharp wit, her love, her secrecy, + Trooping together, made her wonder why + She should not leave her bed, and to the temple; + Her health said she must live; her sex, dissemble. 400 + She viewed Leander's place, and wished he were + Turned to his place, so his place were Leander. + "Ay me," said she, "that love's sweet life and sense + Should do it harm! my love had not gone hence + Had he been like his place: O blessed place, + Image of constancy! Thus my love's grace + Parts nowhere, but it leaves something behind + Worth observation: he renowns his kind: + His motion is, like heaven's, orbicular, + For where he once is, he is ever there. 410 + This place was mine; Leander, now 'tis thine; + Thou being myself, then it is double mine, + Mine, and Leander's mine, Leander's mine. + O, see what wealth it yields me, nay, yields him! + For I am in it, he for me doth swim. + Rich, fruitful love, that, doubling self estates, + Elixir-like contracts, though separates! + Dear place, I kiss thee, and do welcome thee, + As from Leander ever sent to me." + +FOOTNOTES: + +[45] Old eds. "improving." + +[46] "He calls Phoebus the god of gold, since the virtue of his beams +creates it."--Marginal note in the Isham copy. + +[47] The reader will remember how grimly Lady Macbeth plays upon this +word:-- + + "I'll _gild_ the faces of the grooms withal: + For it must seem their _guilt_."--ii. 2. + +[48] "It is not likely that Burns had ever read _Hero and Leander_, but +compare _Tam o' Shanter_-- + + 'But pleasures are like poppies spread, + You seize the flower, its bloom is shed, + Or like the snow falls in the river, + A moment white--then melts for ever!'" + +--_Cunningham._ + +[49] In _England's Parnassus_ the reading is "of men audacious." + +[50] Wholly. + +[51] Some eds. give "For as she was." + +[52] A magical figure formed of intersected triangles. It was supposed +to preserve the wearer from the assaults of demons. "Disparent would +seem to mean that the five points of the ornaments radiated distinctly +one from the other."--_Cunningham._ + +[53] Old eds. "her." + +[54] Heated. + +[55] Old eds. "how." + +[56] Substance, as opposed to spirit. Cf. note. Vol. i., 203. + +[57] Cadiz, which was taken in June 21, 1596, by the force under the +joint command of Essex and Howard of Effingham. + +[58] So the Isham copy.--The other old eds. read "townes," for which +Dyce gives "town." + +[59] Within. + +[60] Vent forth. + +[61] "Fowl" and "fool" had the same pronunciation. Cf. _3 Henry VI._ v. +6:-- + + "Why, what a peevish _fool_ was he of Crete, + That taught his son the office of a _fowl_! + And yet for all his wings the _fool_ was drowned." + +The "moorish fool" is explained by the allusion to the lapwing, two +lines above. (The lapwing was supposed to draw the searcher from her +nest by crying in other places. "The lapwing cries most furthest from +her nest."--_Ray's Proverbs._) + +[62] A kind of crape. + +[63] So the modern editors for an "imitating." + +[64] Ingenious. Chapman has the form "enginous" in his translation of +the Odyssey, i. 452, + + "By open force or prospects _enginous_." + +[65] Some modern editors unnecessarily give "With _crowd_ of sail." + +[66] Old eds. "joys." + +[67] Old eds. "he." + +[68] Some eds. give "For such a Hero." + +[69] Command. + + + + +THE FOURTH SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Fourth Sestiad._ + + + Hero, in sacred habit deckt, + Doth private sacrifice effect. + Her scarf's description, wrought by Fate; + Ostents that threaten her estate; + The strange, yet physical, events, + Leander's counterfeit[70] presents. + In thunder Cyprides descends, + Presaging both the lovers' ends: + Ecte, the goddess of remorse, + With vocal and articulate force 10 + Inspires Leucote, Venus' swan, + T' excuse the Beauteous Sestian. + Venus, to wreak her rites' abuses, + Creates the monster Eronusis, + Inflaming Hero's sacrifice + With lightning darted from her eyes; + And thereof springs the painted beast + That ever since taints every breast. + + Now from Leander's place she rose, and found + Her hair and rent robe scatter'd on the ground; + Which taking up, she every piece did lay + Upon an altar, where in youth of day + She us'd t' exhibit private sacrifice: + Those would she offer to the deities + Of her fair goddess and her powerful son, + As relics of her late-felt passion; + And in that holy sort she vow'd to end them, + In hope her violent fancies, that did rend them, 10 + Would as quite fade in her love's holy fire, + As they should in the flames she meant t' inspire. + Then put she on all her religious weeds, + That decked her in her secret sacred deeds; + A crown of icicles, that sun nor fire + Could ever melt, and figur'd chaste desire; + A golden star shined in her naked breast, + In honour of the queen-light of the east. + In her right hand she held a silver wand, + On whose bright top Peristera did stand. 20 + Who was a nymph, but now transformed a dove, + And in her life was dear in Venus' love; + And for her sake she ever since that time + Choosed doves to draw her coach through heaven's blue clime. + Her plenteous hair in curled billows swims + On her bright shoulder: her harmonious limbs + Sustained no more but a most subtile veil, + That hung on them, as it durst not assail + Their different concord; for the weakest air + Could raise it swelling from her beauties fair; 30 + Nor did it cover, but adumbrate only + Her most heart-piercing parts, that a blest eye + Might see, as it did shadow, fearfully, + All that all-love-deserving paradise: + It was as blue as the most freezing skies; + Near the sea's hue, for thence her goddess came: + On it a scarf she wore of wondrous frame; + In midst whereof she wrought a virgin's face, + From whose each cheek a fiery blush did chase + Two crimson flames, that did two ways extend, 40 + Spreading the ample scarf to either end; + Which figur'd the division of her mind, + Whiles yet she rested bashfully inclin'd, + And stood not resolute to wed Leander; + This serv'd her white neck for a purple sphere, + And cast itself at full breadth down her back: + There, since the first breath that begun the wrack + Of her free quiet from Leander's lips, + She wrought a sea, in one flame, full of ships; + But that one ship where all her wealth did pass, 50 + Like simple merchants' goods, Leander was; + For in that sea she naked figured him; + Her diving needle taught him how to swim, + And to each thread did such resemblance give, + For joy to be so like him it did live: + Things senseless live by art, and rational die + By rude contempt of art and industry. + Scarce could she work, but, in her strength of thought, + She fear'd she prick'd Leander as she wrought,[71] + And oft would shriek so, that her guardian, frighted, 60 + Would startling haste, as with some mischief cited: + They double life that dead things' griefs sustain; + They kill that feel not their friends' living pain. + Sometimes she fear'd he sought her infamy; + And then, as she was working of his eye, + She thought to prick it out to quench her ill; + But, as she prick'd, it grew more perfect still: + Trifling attempts no serious acts advance; + The fire of love is blown by dalliance. + In working his fair neck she did so grace it, 70 + She still was working her own arms t' embrace it: + That, and his shoulders, and his hands were seen + Above the stream; and with a pure sea-green + She did so quaintly shadow every limb, + All might be seen beneath the waves to swim. + In this conceited scarf she wrought beside + A moon in change, and shooting stars did glide + In number after her with bloody beams; + Which figur'd her affects[72] in their extremes, + Pursuing nature in her Cynthian body, 80 + And did her thoughts running on change imply; + For maids take more delight, when they prepare, + And think of wives' states, than when wives they are. + Beneath all these she wrought a fisherman,[73] + Drawing his nets from forth the ocean; + Who drew so hard, ye might discover well + The toughen'd sinews in his neck did swell: + His inward strains drave out his blood-shot eyes, + And springs of sweat did in his forehead rise; + Yet was of naught but of a serpent sped, 90 + That in his bosom flew and stung him dead: + And this by Fate into her mind was sent, + Not wrought by mere instinct of her intent. + At the scarf's other end her hand did frame, + Near the fork'd point of the divided flame, + A country virgin keeping of a vine, + Who did of hollow bulrushes combine + Snares for the stubble-loving grasshopper, + And by her lay her scrip that nourish'd her. + Within a myrtle shade she sate and sung; 100 + And tufts of waving reeds above her sprung, + Where lurked two foxes, that, while she applied + Her trifling snares, their thieveries did divide, + One to the vine, another to her scrip, + That she did negligently overslip; + By which her fruitful vine and wholesome fare + She suffered spoiled to make a childish snare. + These ominous fancies did her soul express, + And every finger made a prophetess, + To show what death was hid in love's disguise, 110 + And make her judgment conquer Destinies. + O, what sweet forms fair ladies' souls do shroud, + Were they made seen and forced through their blood; + If through their beauties, like rich work through lawn, + They would set forth their minds with virtues drawn, + In letting graces from their fingers fly, + To still their eyas[74] thoughts with industry; + That their plied wits in numbered silks might sing + Passion's huge conquest, and their needles[75] leading + Affection prisoner through their own-built cities, 120 + Pinioned with stones and Arachnean ditties. + Proceed we now with Hero's sacrifice: + She odours burned, and from their smoke did rise + Unsavoury fumes, that air with plagues inspired; + And then the consecrated sticks she fired. + On whose pale flames an angry spirit flew, + And beat it down still as it upward grew; + The virgin tapers that on th' altar stood, + When she inflam'd them, burned as red as blood;[76] + All sad ostents of that too near success,[77] 130 + That made such moving beauties motionless. + Then Hero wept; but her affrighted eyes + She quickly wrested from the sacrifice, + Shut them, and inwards for Leander looked, + Search'd her soft bosom, and from thence she plucked + His lovely picture; which when she had viewed, + Her beauties were with all love's joys renewed; + The odours sweeten'd, and the fires burned clear, + Leander's form left no ill object there: + Such was his beauty, that the force of light, 140 + Whose knowledge teacheth wonders infinite, + The strength of number and proportion, + Nature had placed in it to make it known, + Art was her daughter, and what human wits + For study lost, entombed in drossy spirits. + After this accident (which for her glory + Hero could not but make a history), + Th' inhabitants of Sestos and Abydos + Did every year, with feasts propitious, + To fair Leander's picture sacrifice: 150 + And they were persons of especial price + That were allowed it, as an ornament + T' enrich their houses, for the continent + Of the strange virtues all approved it held; + For even the very look of it repelled + All blastings, witchcrafts, and the strifes of nature + In those diseases that no herbs could cure; + The wolfy sting of avarice it would pull, + And make the rankest miser bountiful; + It kill'd the fear of thunder and of death; 160 + The discords that conceit engendereth + 'Twixt man and wife, it for the time would cease; + The flames of love it quench'd, and would increase; + Held in a prince's hand, it would put out + The dreadful'st comet; it would ease[78] all doubt + Of threaten'd mischiefs; it would bring asleep + Such as were mad; it would enforce to weep + Most barbarous eyes; and many more effects + This picture wrought, and sprung[79] Leandrian[80] sects; + Of which was Hero first; for he whose form, 170 + Held in her hand, clear'd such a fatal storm, + From hell she thought his person would defend her, + Which night and Hellespont would quickly send her. + With this confirm'd, she vow'd to banish quite + All thought of any check to her delight; + And, in contempt of silly bashfulness, + She would the faith of her desires profess, + Where her religion should be policy, + To follow love with zeal her piety; + Her chamber her cathedral-church should be, 180 + And her Leander her chief deity; + For in her love these did the gods forego; + And though her knowledge did not teach her so, + Yet did it teach her this, that what her heart + Did greatest hold in her self-greatest part, + That she did make her god; and 'twas less naught + To leave gods in profession and in thought, + Than in her love and life; for therein lies + Most of her duties and their dignities; + And, rail the brain-bald world at what it will, 190 + That's the grand atheism that reigns in it still. + Yet singularity she would use no more, + For she was singular too much before; + But she would please the world with fair pretext: + Love would not leave her conscience perplext: + Great men that will have less do for them, still + Must bear them out, though th' acts be ne'er so ill; + Meanness must pander be to Excellence; + Pleasure atones Falsehood and Conscience: + Dissembling was the worst, thought Hero then, 200 + And that was best, now she must live with men. + O virtuous love, that taught her to do best + When she did worst, and when she thought it least! + Thus would she still proceed in works divine, + And in her sacred state of priesthood shine, + Handling the holy rites with hands as bold, + As if therein she did Jove's thunder hold, + And need not fear those menaces of error, + Which she at others threw with greatest terror. + O lovely Hero, nothing is thy sin, 210 + Weigh'd with those foul faults other priests are in! + That having neither faiths, nor works, nor beauties, + T' engender any 'scuse for slubbered[81] duties, + With as much countenance fill their holy chairs, + And sweat denouncements 'gainst profane affairs, + As if their lives were cut out by their places, + And they the only fathers of the graces. + Now, as with settled mind she did repair + Her thoughts to sacrifice her ravished hair + And her torn robe, which on the altar lay, 220 + And only for religion's fire did stay, + She heard a thunder by the Cyclops beaten, + In such a volley as the world did threaten, + Given Venus as she parted th' airy sphere, + Descending now to chide with Hero here: + When suddenly the goddess' waggoners, + The swans and turtles that, in coupled pheres,[82] + Through all worlds' bosoms draw her influence, + Lighted in Hero's window, and from thence + To her fair shoulders flew the gentle doves,-- 230 + Graceful _AEdone_[83] that sweet pleasure loves, + And ruff-foot Chreste[84] with the tufted crown; + Both which did kiss her, though their goddess frown. + The swans did in the solid flood, her glass, + Proin[85] their fair plumes; of which the fairest was + Jove-lov'd Leucote,[86] that pure brightness is; + The other bounty-loving Dapsilis.[87] + All were in heaven, now they with Hero were: + But Venus' looks brought wrath, and urged fear. + Her robe was scarlet; black her head's attire: 240 + And through her naked breast shin'd streams of fire, + As when the rarified air is driven + In flashing streams, and opes the darken'd heaven. + In her white hand a wreath of yew she bore; + And, breaking th' icy wreath sweet Hero wore, + She forc'd about her brows her wreath of yew, + And said, "Now, minion, to thy fate be true, + Though not to me; endure what this portends: + Begin where lightness will, in shame it ends. + Love makes thee cunning; thou art current now, 250 + By being counterfeit: thy broken vow + Deceit with her pied garters must rejoin, + And with her stamp thou countenances must coin; + Coyness, and pure[88] deceits, for purities, + And still a maid wilt seem in cozen'd eyes, + And have an antic face to laugh within, + While thy smooth looks make men digest thy sin. + But since thy lips (least thought forsworn) forswore, + Be never virgin's vow worth trusting more!" + When Beauty's dearest did her goddess hear 260 + Breathe such rebukes 'gainst that she could not clear, + Dumb sorrow spake aloud in tears and blood, + That from her grief-burst veins, in piteous flood, + From the sweet conduits of her favour fell. + The gentle turtles did with moans make swell + Their shining gorges; the while black-ey'd swans + Did sing as woful epicedians, + As they would straightways die: when Pity's queen, + The goddess Ecte,[89] that had ever been + Hid in a watery cloud near Hero's cries, 270 + Since the first instant of her broken eyes, + Gave bright Leucote voice, and made her speak, + To ease her anguish, whose swoln breast did break + With anger at her goddess, that did touch + Hero so near for that she us'd so much; + And, thrusting her white neck at Venus, said: + "Why may not amorous Hero seem a maid, + Though she be none, as well as you suppress + In modest cheeks your inward wantonness? + How often have we drawn you from above, 280 + T' exchange with mortals rites for rites in love! + Why in your priest, then, call you that offence, + That shines in you, and is[90] your influence?" + With this, the Furies stopp'd Leucote's lips, + Enjoin'd by Venus; who with rosy whips + Beat the kind bird. Fierce lightning from her eyes + Did set on fire fair Hero's sacrifice, + Which was her torn robe and enforced hair; + And the bright flame became a maid most fair + For her aspect: her tresses were of wire, 290 + Knit like a net, where hearts set all on fire, + Struggled in pants, and could not get releast; + Her arms were all with golden pincers drest, + And twenty-fashioned knots, pulleys, and brakes, + And all her body girt with painted snakes; + Her down-parts in a scorpion's tail combined, + Freckled with twenty colours; pied wings shined + Out of her shoulders; cloth had never dye, + Nor sweeter colours never viewed eye, + In scorching Turkey, Cares, Tartary, 300 + Than shined about this spirit notorious; + Nor was Arachne's web so glorious. + Of lightning and of shreds she was begot; + More hold in base dissemblers is there not. + Her name was Eronusis.[91] Venus flew + From Hero's sight, and at her chariot drew + This wondrous creature to so steep a height, + That all the world she might command with sleight + Of her gay wings; and then she bade her haste,-- + Since Hero had dissembled, and disgraced 310 + Her rites so much,--and every breast infect + With her deceits: she made her architect + Of all dissimulation; and since then + Never was any trust in maids or men. + O, it spited + Fair Venus' heart to see her most delighted, + And one she choos'd, for temper of her mind + To be the only ruler of her kind, + So soon to let her virgin race be ended! + Not simply for the fault a whit offended, 320 + But that in strife for chasteness with the Moon, + Spiteful Diana bade her show but one + That was her servant vow'd, and liv'd a maid; + And, now she thought to answer that upbraid, + Hero had lost her answer: who knows not + Venus would seem as far from any spot + Of light demeanour, as the very skin + 'Twixt Cynthia's brows? sin is asham'd of sin. + Up Venus flew, and scarce durst up for fear + Of Phoebe's laughter, when she pass'd her sphere: 330 + And so most ugly-clouded was the light, + That day was hid in day; night came ere night; + And Venus could not through the thick air pierce, + Till the day's king, god of undaunted verse, + Because she was so plentiful a theme + To such as wore his laurel anademe. + Like to a fiery bullet made descent, + And from her passage those fat vapours rent, + That being not throughly rarified to rain, + Melted like pitch, as blue as any vein; 340 + And scalding tempests made the earth to shrink + Under their fervour, and the world did think + In every drop a torturing spirit flew, + It pierc'd so deeply, and it burn'd so blue. + Betwixt all this and Hero, Hero held + Leander's picture, as a Persian shield; + And she was free from fear of worst success: + The more ill threats us, we suspect the less: + As we grow hapless, violence subtle grows, + Dumb, deaf, and blind, and comes when no man knows. 350 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[70] Picture. + +[71] "This conceit was suggested to Chapman by a passage in Skelton's +_Phyllyp Sparowe_: + + "But whan I was sowing his beke, + Methought, my sparow did speke, + And opened his prety byll, + Saynge, Mayd, ye are in wyll + Agayne me for to kyll, + Ye prycke me in the head.' + +--_Works_, I, 57, ed. Dyce."--_Dyce._ + +[72] Affections. + +[73] "This description of the fisherman, as well as the picture which +follows it, are borrowed (with alterations) from the first _Idyl_ of +Theocritus."--_Dyce._ + +[74] "Eyas" is the name for an unfledged hawk. "Eyas thoughts" would +mean "thoughts not yet full-grown,--immature." Dyce thinks the meaning +of "eyas" here may be "restless." (Old eds. "yas.") + +[75] A monosyllable. + +[76] Some eds. give "them, then they burned as blood." + +[77] Approaching catastrophe. + +[78] Some eds. "and." + +[79] Used transitively. + +[80] Some eds. "Leanders." + +[81] Shakespeare uses the verb "slubber" in the sense of "perform in a +slovenly manner" (_Merchant of Venice_, ii. 8, "Slubber not business for +my sake"). + +[82] Companions, yoke-mates. + +[83] Gr. [Greek: hedone]. + +[84] From Lat. _crista_? + +[85] Prune. + +[86] Gr. [Greek: leukotes]. + +[87] Gr. [Greek: dapsiles]. + +[88] Some eds. read "Coyne and impure." + +[89] From Gr. [Greek: oiktos]? + +[90] Some eds. "in." + +[91] "A compound, probably, from [Greek: eros] and [Greek: nosos] or +[Greek: nousos] _Ionice_." Ed. 1821. + + + + +THE FIFTH SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Fifth Sestiad._ + + + Day doubles his accustom'd date, + As loath the Night, incens'd by Fate, + Should wreck our lovers. Hero's plight; + Longs for Leander and the night: + Which ere her thirsty wish recovers, + She sends for two betrothed lovers, + And marries them, that, with their crew, + Their sports, and ceremonies due, + She covertly might celebrate, + With secret joy her own estate. 10 + She makes a feast, at which appears + The wild nymph Teras, that still bears + An ivory lute, tells ominous tales, + And sings at solemn festivals. + + Now was bright Hero weary of the day, + Thought an Olympiad in Leander's stay. + Sol and the soft-foot Hours hung on his arms, + And would not let him swim, foreseeing his harms: + That day Aurora double grace obtain'd + Of her love Phoebus; she his horses reign'd, + Set[92] on his golden knee, and, as she list, + She pull'd him back; and as she pull'd she kiss'd, + To have him turn to bed: he lov'd her more, + To see the love Leander Hero bore: 10 + Examples profit much; ten times in one, + In persons full of note, good deeds are done. + Day was so long, men walking fell asleep; + The heavy humours that their eyes did steep + Made them fear mischiefs. The hard streets were beds + For covetous churls and for ambitious heads, + That, spite of Nature, would their business ply: + All thought they had the falling epilepsy, + Men grovell'd so upon the smother'd ground; + And pity did the heart of Heaven confound. 20 + The Gods, the Graces, and the Muses came + Down to the Destinies, to stay the frame + Of the true lovers' deaths, and all world's tears: + But Death before had stopp'd their cruel ears. + All the celestials parted mourning then, + Pierc'd with our human miseries more than men: + Ah, nothing doth the world with mischief fill, + But want of feeling one another's ill! + With their descent the day grew something fair, + And cast a brighter robe upon the air. 30 + Hero, to shorten time with merriment, + For young Alcmane[93] and bright Mya sent, + Two lovers that had long crav'd marriage-dues + At Hero's hands: but she did still refuse; + For lovely Mya was her consort vow'd + In her maid state, and therefore not allow'd + To amorous nuptials: yet fair Hero now + Intended to dispense with her cold vow, + Since hers was broken, and to marry her: + The rites would pleasing matter minister 40 + To her conceits, and shorten tedious day. + They came; sweet Music usher'd th' odorous way, + And wanton Air in twenty sweet forms danced + After her fingers; Beauty and Love advanced + Their ensigns in the downless rosy faces + Of youths and maids led after by the Graces. + For all these Hero made a friendly feast, + Welcom'd them kindly, did much love protest, + Winning their hearts with all the means she might. + That, when her fault should chance t' abide the light 50 + Their loves might cover or extenuate it, + And high in her worst fate make pity sit. + She married them; and in the banquet came, + Borne by the virgins. Hero striv'd to frame + Her thoughts to mirth: ay me! but hard it is + To imitate a false and forced bliss; + Ill may a sad mind forge a merry face, + Nor hath constrained laughter any grace. + Then laid she wine on cares to make them sink: + Who fears the threats of Fortune, let him drink.[94] 60 + To these quick nuptials enter'd suddenly + Admired Teras with the ebon thigh; + A nymph that haunted the green Sestian groves, + And would consort soft virgins in their loves, + At gaysome triumphs and on solemn days, + Singing prophetic elegies and lays, + And fingering of a silver lute she tied + With black and purple scarfs by her left side. + Apollo gave it, and her skill withal, + And she was term'd his dwarf, she was so small: 70 + Yet great in virtue, for his beams enclosed + His virtues in her; never was proposed + Riddle to her, or augury, strange or new, + But she resolv'd it; never slight tale flew + From her charm'd lips without important sense, + Shown in some grave succeeding consequence. + This little sylvan, with her songs and tales, + Gave such estate to feasts and nuptials, + That though ofttimes she forewent tragedies, + Yet for her strangeness still she pleas'd their eyes; 80 + And for her smallness they admir'd her so, + They thought her perfect born, and could not grow. + All eyes were on her. Hero did command + An altar decked with sacred state should stand + At the feast's upper end, close by the bride, + On which the pretty nymph might sit espied. + Then all were silent; every one so hears, + As all their senses climb'd into their ears: + And first this amorous tale, that fitted well + Fair Hero and the nuptials, she did tell. 90 + + +_The Tale of Teras._ + + Hymen, that now is god of nuptial rites, + And crowns with honour Love and his delights, + Of Athens was a youth, so sweet of face, + That many thought him of the female race; + Such quickening brightness did his clear eyes dart, + Warm went their beams to his beholder's heart, + In such pure leagues his beauties were combin'd, + That there your nuptial contracts first were signed; + For as proportion, white and crimson, meet + In beauty's mixture, all right clear and sweet, 100 + The eye responsible, the golden hair, + And none is held, without the other, fair; + All spring together, all together fade; + Such intermix'd affections should invade + Two perfect lovers; which being yet unseen, + Their virtues and their comforts copied been + In beauty's concord, subject to the eye; + And that, in Hymen, pleased so matchlessly, + That lovers were esteemed in their full grace, + Like form and colour mixed in Hymen's face; 110 + And such sweet concord was thought worthy then + Of torches, music, feasts, and greatest men: + So Hymen look'd that even the chastest mind + He mov'd to join in joys of sacred kind; + For only now his chin's first down consorted + His head's rich fleece in golden curls contorted; + And as he was so loved, he loved so too: + So should best beauties bound by nuptials, do. + Bright Eucharis, who was by all men said + The noblest, fairest, and the richest maid 120 + Of all th' Athenian damsels, Hymen lov'd + With such transmission, that his heart remov'd + From his white breast to hers: but her estate, + In passing his, was so interminate + For wealth and honour, that his love durst feed + On naught but sight and hearing, nor could breed + Hope of requital, the grand prize of love; + Nor could he hear or see, but he must prove + How his rare beauty's music would agree + With maids in consort; therefore robbed he 130 + His chin of those same few first fruits it bore, + And, clad in such attire as virgins wore, + He kept them company, and might right well, + For he did all but Eucharis excel + In all the fair of beauty! yet he wanted + Virtue to make his own desires implanted + In his dear Eucharis; for women never + Love beauty in their sex, but envy ever. + His judgment yet, that durst not suit address, + Nor, past due means, presume of due success, 140 + Reason gat Fortune in the end to speed + To his best prayers[95]: but strange it seemed, indeed, + That Fortune should a chaste affection bless: + Preferment seldom graceth bashfulness. + Nor grac'd it Hymen yet; but many a dart, + And many an amorous thought, enthralled[96] his heart, + Ere he obtained her; and he sick became, + Forced to abstain her sight; and then the flame + Raged in his bosom. O, what grief did fill him! + Sight made him sick, and want of sight did kill him. 150 + The virgins wonder'd where Diaetia stay'd, + For so did Hymen term himself, a maid. + At length with sickly looks he greeted them: + Tis strange to see 'gainst what an extreme stream + A lover strives; poor Hymen look'd so ill, + That as in merit he increased still + By suffering much, so he in grace decreas'd: + Women are most won, when men merit least: + If Merit look not well, Love bids stand by; + Love's special lesson is to please the eye. 160 + And Hymen soon recovering all he lost, + Deceiving still these maids, but himself most, + His love and he with many virgin dames, + Noble by birth, noble by beauty's flames, + Leaving the town with songs and hallow'd lights + To do great Ceres Eleusina rites + Of zealous sacrifice, were made a prey + To barbarous rovers, that in ambush lay, + And with rude hands enforc'd their shining spoil, + Far from the darkened city, tired with toil: 170 + And when the yellow issue of the sky + Came trooping forth, jealous of cruelty + To their bright fellows of this under-heaven, + Into a double night they saw them driven,-- + A horrid cave, the thieves' black mansion; + Where, weary of the journey they had gone, + Their last night's watch, and drunk with their sweet gains, + Dull Morpheus enter'd, laden with silken chains, + Stronger than iron, and bound the swelling veins + And tired senses of these lawless swains. 180 + But when the virgin lights thus dimly burn'd, + O, what a hell was heaven in! how they mourn'd + And wrung their hands, and wound their gentle forms + Into the shapes of sorrow! golden storms + Fell from their eyes; as when the sun appears, + And yet it rains, so show'd their eyes their tears: + And, as when funeral dames watch a dead corse, + Weeping about it, telling with remorse + What pains he felt, how long in pain he lay, + How little food he ate, what he would say; 190 + And then mix mournful tales of other's deaths, + Smothering themselves in clouds of their own breaths; + At length, one cheering other, call for wine; + The golden bowl drinks tears out of their eyne, + As they drink wine from it; and round it goes, + Each helping other to relieve their woes; + So cast these virgins' beauties mutual rays, + One lights another, face the face displays; + Lips by reflection kissed, and hands hands shook, + Even by the whiteness each of other took. 200 + But Hymen now used friendly Morpheus' aid, + Slew every thief, and rescued every maid: + And now did his enamour'd passion take + Heart from his hearty deed, whose worth did make + His hope of bounteous Eucharis more strong; + And now came Love with Proteus, who had long + Juggled the little god with prayers and gifts, + Ran through all shapes and varied all his shifts, + To win Love's stay with him, and make him love him. + And when he saw no strength of sleight could move him, + To make him love or stay, he nimbly turned 211 + Into Love's self, he so extremely burned. + And thus came Love, with Proteus and his power, + T' encounter Eucharis: first, like the flower + That Juno's milk did spring,[97] the silver lily, + He fell on Hymen's hand, who straight did spy + The bounteous godhead, and with wondrous joy + Offer'd it Eucharis. She, wonderous coy, + Drew back her hand: the subtle flower did woo it, + And, drawing it near, mixed so you could not know it: 220 + As two clear tapers mix in one their light, + So did the lily and the hand their white. + She viewed it; and her view the form bestows + Amongst her spirits; for, as colour flows + From superficies of each thing we see, + Even so with colours forms emitted be; + And where Love's form is, Love is; Love is form: + He entered at the eye; his sacred storm + Rose from the hand, Love's sweetest instrument: + It stirred her blood's sea so, that high it went, 230 + And beat in bashful waves 'gainst the white shore + Of her divided cheeks; it raged the more, + Because the tide went 'gainst the haughty wind + Of her estate and birth: and, as we find, + In fainting ebbs, the flowery Zephyr hurls + The green-haired Hellespont, broke in silver curls, + 'Gainst Hero's tower; but in his blast's retreat, + The waves obeying him, they after beat, + Leaving the chalky shore a great way pale, + Then moist it freshly with another gale; 240 + So ebbed and flowed the blood[98] in Eucharis' face, + Coyness and Love strived which had greatest grace; + Virginity did fight on Coyness' side, + Fear of her parent's frowns and female pride + Loathing the lower place, more than it loves + The high contents desert and virtue moves. + With Love fought Hymen's beauty and his valure,[99] + Which scarce could so much favour yet allure + To come to strike, but fameless idle stood: + Action is fiery valour's sovereign good. 250 + But Love, once entered, wished no greater aid + Than he could find within; thought thought betray'd; + The bribed, but incorrupted, garrison + Sung "Io Hymen;" there those songs begun, + And Love was grown so rich with such a gain, + And wanton with the ease of his free reign, + That he would turn into her roughest frowns + To turn them out; and thus he Hymen crowns + King of his thoughts, man's greatest empery: + This was his first brave step to deity. 260 + Home to the mourning city they repair, + With news as wholesome as the morning air, + To the sad parents of each saved maid: + But Hymen and his Eucharis had laid + This plat[100] to make the flame of their delight + Round as the moon at full, and full as bright. + Because the parents of chaste Eucharis + Exceeding Hymen's so, might cross their bliss; + And as the world rewards deserts, that law + Cannot assist with force; so when they saw 270 + Their daughter safe, take vantage of their own, + Praise Hymen's valour much, nothing bestown; + Hymen must leave the virgins in a grove + Far off from Athens, and go first to prove, + If to restore them all with fame and life, + He should enjoy his dearest as his wife. + This told to all the maids, the most agree: + The riper sort, knowing what 'tis to be + The first mouth of a news so far derived, + And that to hear and bear news brave folks lived. 280 + As being a carriage special hard to bear + Occurrents, these occurrents being so dear, + They did with grace protest, they were content + T' accost their friends with all their compliment, + For Hymen's good; but to incur their harm, + There he must pardon them. This wit went warm + To Adolesche's[101] brain, a nymph born high, + Made all of voice and fire, that upwards fly: + Her heart and all her forces' nether train + Climb'd to her tongue, and thither fell her brain, 290 + Since it could go no higher; and it must go; + All powers she had, even her tongue, did so: + In spirit and quickness she much joy did take, + And loved her tongue, only for quickness' sake; + And she would haste and tell. The rest all stay: + Hymen goes one, the nymph another way; + And what became of her I'll tell at last: + Yet take her visage now;--moist-lipped, long-faced, + Thin like an iron wedge, so sharp and tart, + As 'twere of purpose made to cleave Love's heart: 300 + Well were this lovely beauty rid of her. + And Hymen did at Athens now prefer + His welcome suit, which he with joy aspired: + A hundred princely youths with him retired + To fetch the nymphs; chariots and music went; + And home they came: heaven with applauses rent. + The nuptials straight proceed, whiles all the town, + Fresh in their joys, might do them most renown. + First, gold-locked Hymen did to church repair, + Like a quick offering burned in flames of hair; 310 + And after, with a virgin firmament + The godhead-proving bride attended went + Before them all: she looked in her command, + As if form-giving Cypria's silver hand + Gripped all their beauties, and crushed out one flame; + She blushed to see how beauty overcame + The thoughts of all men. Next, before her went + Five lovely children, decked with ornament + Of her sweet colours, bearing torches by; + For light was held a happy augury 320 + Of generation, whose efficient right + Is nothing else but to produce to light. + The odd disparent number they did choose, + To show the union married loves should use, + Since in two equal parts it will not sever, + But the midst holds one to rejoin it ever, + As common to both parts: men therefore deem + That equal number gods do not esteem, + Being authors of sweet peace and unity, + But pleasing to th' infernal empery, 330 + Under whose ensigns Wars and Discords fight, + Since an even number you may disunite + In two parts equal, naught in middle left + To reunite each part from other reft; + And five they hold in most especial prize,[102] + Since 'tis the first odd number that doth rise + From the two foremost numbers' unity, + That odd and even are; which are two and three; + For one no number is; but thence doth flow + The powerful race of number. Next, did go 340 + A noble matron, that did spinning bear + A huswife's rock and spindle, and did wear + A wether's skin, with all the snowy fleece, + To intimate that even the daintiest piece + And noblest-born dame should industrious be: + That which does good disgraceth no degree. + And now to Juno's temple they are come, + Where her grave priest stood in the marriage-room: + On his right arm did hang a scarlet veil, + And from his shoulders to the ground did trail, 350 + On either side, ribands of white and blue: + With the red veil he hid the bashful hue + Of the chaste bride, to show the modest shame, + In coupling with a man, should grace a dame. + Then took he the disparent silks, and tied + The lovers by the waists, and side to side, + In token that thereafter they must bind + In one self-sacred knot each other's mind. + Before them on an altar he presented + Both fire and water, which was first invented, 360 + Since to ingenerate every human creature + And every other birth produc'd by Nature, + Moisture and heat must mix; so man and wife + For human race must join in nuptial life. + Then one of Juno's birds, the painted jay, + He sacrific'd and took the gall away; + All which he did behind the altar throw, + In sign no bitterness of hate should grow, + 'Twixt married loves, nor any least disdain. + Nothing they spake, for 'twas esteem'd too plain 370 + For the most silken mildness of a maid, + To let a public audience hear it said, + She boldly took the man; and so respected + Was bashfulness in Athens, it erected + To chaste Agneia,[103] which is Shamefacedness, + A sacred temple, holding her a goddess. + And now to feasts, masks, and triumphant shows, + The shining troops returned, even till earth-throes + Brought forth with joy the thickest part of night, + When the sweet nuptial song, that used to cite 380 + All to their rest, was by Phemonoee[104] sung, + First Delphian prophetess, whose graces sprung + Out of the Muses' well: she sung before + The bride into her chamber; at which door + A matron and a torch-bearer did stand: + A painted box of confits[105] in her hand + The matron held, and so did other some[106] + That compassed round the honour'd nuptial room. + The custom was, that every maid did wear, + During her maidenhead, a silken sphere 390 + About her waist, above her inmost weed, + Knit with Minerva's knot, and that was freed + By the fair bridegroom on the marriage-night, + With many ceremonies of delight: + And yet eternized Hymen's tender bride, + To suffer it dissolved so, sweetly cried. + The maids that heard, so loved and did adore her, + They wished with all their hearts to suffer for her. + So had the matrons, that with confits stood + About the chamber, such affectionate blood, 400 + And so true feeling of her harmless pains, + That every one a shower of confits rains; + For which the bride-youths scrambling on the ground, + In noise of that sweet hail her[107] cries were drown'd. + And thus blest Hymen joyed his gracious bride, + And for his joy was after deified. + The saffron mirror by which Phoebus' love, + Green Tellus, decks her, now he held above + The cloudy mountains: and the noble maid, + Sharp-visaged Adolesche, that was stray'd 410 + Out of her way, in hasting with her news, + Not till this[108] hour th' Athenian turrets views; + And now brought home by guides, she heard by all, + That her long kept occurrents would be stale, + And how fair Hymen's honours did excel + For those rare news which she came short to tell. + To hear her dear tongue robbed of such a joy, + Made the well-spoken nymph take such a toy,[109] + That down she sunk: when lightning from above + Shrunk her lean body, and, for mere free love, 420 + Turn'd her into the pied-plum'd Psittacus, + That now the Parrot is surnam'd by us, + Who still with counterfeit confusion prates + Naught but news common to the common'st mates.-- + This told, strange Teras touch'd her lute, and sung + This ditty, that the torchy evening sprung. + + +_Epithalamion Teratos._ + + Come, come, dear Night! Love's mart of kisses, + Sweet close to his ambitious line, + The fruitful summer of his blisses! + Love's glory doth in darkness shine. 430 + O come, soft rest of cares! come, Night! + Come, naked Virtue's only tire, + The reaped harvest of the light, + Bound up in sheaves of sacred fire! + Love calls to war; + Sighs his alarms, + Lips his swords are, + The field his arms. + + Come, Night, and lay thy velvet hand + On glorious Day's outfacing face; 440 + And all thy crowned flames command, + For torches to our nuptial grace! + Love calls to war; + Sighs his alarms, + Lips his swords are, + The field his arms. + + No need have we of factious Day, + To cast, in envy of thy peace, + Her balls of discord in thy way: + Here Beauty's day doth never cease; 450 + Day is abstracted here, + And varied in a triple sphere. + Hero, Alcmane, Mya, so outshine thee, + Ere thou come here, let Thetis thrice refine thee. + Love calls to war; + Sighs his alarms, + Lips his swords are, + The field his arms. + + The evening star I see: + Rise, youths! the evening star 460 + Helps Love to summon war; + Both now embracing be. + Rise, youths! Love's rite claims more than banquets; rise! + Now the bright marigolds, that deck the skies, + Phoebus' celestial flowers, that, contrary + To his flowers here, ope when he shuts his eye, + And shuts when he doth open, crown your sports: + Now Love in Night, and Night in Love exhorts + Courtship and dances: all your parts employ, + And suit Night's rich expansure with your joy. 470 + Love paints his longings in sweet virgins' eyes: + Rise, youths! Love's rite claims more than banquets; rise! + + Rise, virgins! let fair nuptial loves enfold + Your fruitless breasts: the maidenheads[110] ye hold + Are not your own alone, but parted are; + Part in disposing them your parents share, + And that a third part is; so must ye save + Your loves a third, and you your thirds must have. + Love paints his longings in sweet virgins' eyes: + Rise, youths! Love's rite claims more than banquets; rise! 480 + + Herewith the amorous spirit, that was so kind + To Teras' hair, and comb'd it down with wind, + Still as it, comet-like, brake from her brain, + Would needs have Teras gone, and did refrain + To blow it down: which, staring[111] up, dismay'd + The timorous feast; and she no longer stay'd; + But, bowing to the bridegroom and the bride, + Did, like a shooting exhalation, glide + Out of their sights: the turning of her back + Made them all shriek, it look'd so ghastly black. 490 + O hapless Hero! that most hapless cloud + Thy soon-succeeding tragedy foreshow'd. + Thus all the nuptial crew to joys depart; + But much-wronged[112] Hero stood Hell's blackest dart: + Whose wound because I grieve so to display, + I use digressions thus t' increase the day. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[92] Some modern editors read "sat." + +[93] Singer suggested "Alcmaeon." + +[94] "Chapman has a passage very similar to this in his _Widow's Tears_, +Act iv.:-- + + 'Wine is ordained to raise such hearts as sink: + Whom woful stars distemper let him drink.'" + +--_Broughton._ + +[95] "Old eds. 'prayes,' 'praies,' 'preies,' and 'pryes.'"--_Dyce._ + +[96] Dyce reads "enthrill'd" (a word that I do not remember to have +seen). + +[97] Did make to spring. Cf. Fourth Sestiad, l. 169. + +[98] So the Isham copy. All other editions omit the words "the blood." + +[99] "Valure" is frequently found as a form of "value;" but I suspect, +with Dyce, that it is here put (_metri causa_) for "valour." + +[100] Plot. + +[101] Gr. [Greek: adolesches]. + +[102] Some eds. "price." + +[103] Gr. [Greek: hagneia] + +[104] Singer gives a reference to Pausan, x. 5.--Old eds. "Phemonor" and +"Phemoner." + +[105] Comfits. + +[106] "Other some" is a not uncommon form of expression. See Halliwell's +_Dict. of Archaic and Provincial Words_. + +[107] Old eds. "their." + +[108] Old eds. "his." + +[109] A sudden pettishness or freak of fancy. Cf. _Two Noble Kinsmen_:-- + + "The hot horse hot as fire + _Took toy_ at this." + +[110] Former editors have not noticed that Chapman is here closely +imitating Catullus' _Carmen Nuptiale_-- + + "Virginitas non tota tua est: ex parte parentum est: + Tertia pars patri data, pars data tertia matri, + Tertia sola tua est: noli pugnare duobus, + Qui genero sua jura simul cum dote dederunt." + +[111] Some eds. "starting." Cf. _Julius Caesar_, iv. 3, ll. 278-9-- + + "Art thou some god, some angel, or some devil, + That makest my blood cold and my hair to _stare_?" + +[112] "Old eds. 'much-rong,' 'much rongd,' and 'much-wrong'd.'"--_Dyce_ +(who reads "much-wrung"). + + + + +THE SIXTH SESTIAD. + +_The Argument of the Sixth Sestiad._ + + + Leucote flies to all the Winds, + And from the Fates their outrage blinds,[113] + That Hero and her love may meet. + Leander, with Love's complete fleet + Manned in himself, puts forth to seas; + When straight the ruthless Destinies, + With, Ate, stir the winds to war + Upon the Hellespont: their jar + Drowns poor Leander. Hero's eyes, + Wet witnesses of his surprise, 10 + Her torch blown out, grief casts her down + Upon her love, and both doth drown: + In whose just ruth the god of seas + Transforms them to th' Acanthides. + + No longer could the Day nor Destinies + Delay the Night, who now did frowning rise + Into her throne; and at her humorous breasts + Visions and Dreams lay sucking: all men's rests + Fell like the mists of death upon their eyes, + Day's too-long darts so kill'd their faculties. + The Winds yet, like the flowers, to cease began; + For bright Leucote, Venus' whitest swan, + That held sweet Hero dear, spread her fair wings, + Like to a field of snow, and message brings 10 + From Venus to the Fates, t'entreat them lay + Their charge upon the Winds their rage to stay, + That the stern battle of the seas might cease, + And guard Leander to his love in peace. + The Fates consent;--ay me, dissembling Fates! + They showed their favours to conceal their hates, + And draw Leander on, lest seas too high + Should stay his too obsequious destiny: + Who[114] like a fleering slavish parasite, + In warping profit or a traitorous sleight, 20 + Hoops round his rotten body with devotes, + And pricks his descant face full of false notes; + Praising with open throat, and oaths as foul + As his false heart, the beauty of an owl; + Kissing his skipping hand with charmed skips, + That cannot leave, but leaps upon his lips + Like a cock-sparrow, or a shameless quean + Sharp at a red-lipp'd youth, and naught doth mean + Of all his antic shows, but doth repair + More tender fawns,[115] and takes a scatter'd hair 30 + From his tame subject's shoulder; whips and calls + For everything he lacks; creeps 'gainst the walls + With backward humbless, to give needless way: + Thus his false fate did with Leander play. + First to black Eurus flies the white Leucote + (Born 'mongst the negroes in the Levant sea, + On whose curl'd head[s] the glowing sun doth rise), + And shows the sovereign will of Destinies, + To have him cease his blasts; and down he lies. + Next, to the fenny Notus course she holds, 40 + And found him leaning, with his arms in folds, + Upon a rock, his white hair full of showers; + And him she chargeth by the fatal powers, + To hold in his wet cheeks his cloudy voice. + To Zephyr then that doth in flowers rejoice: + To snake-foot Boreas next she did remove, + And found him tossing of his ravished love,[116] + To heat his frosty bosom hid in snow; + Who with Leucote's sight did cease to blow. + Thus all were still to Hero's heart's desire; 50 + Who with all speed did consecrate a fire + Of flaming gums and comfortable spice, + To light her torch, which in such curious price + She held, being object to Leander's sight, + That naught but fires perfumed must give it light. + She loved it so, she griev'd to see it burn, + Since it would waste, and soon to ashes turn: + Yet, if it burned not, 'twere not worth her eyes; + What made it nothing, gave it all the prize. + Sweet torch, true glass of our society! 60 + What man does good, but he consumes thereby? + But thou wert loved for good, held high, given show; + Poor virtue loathed for good, obscured, held low: + Do good, be pined,--be deedless good, disgraced; + Unless we feed on men, we let them fast. + Yet Hero with these thoughts her torch did spend: + When bees make wax, Nature doth not intend + It should be made a torch; but we, that know + The proper virtue of it, make it so, + And, when 'tis made, we light it: nor did Nature 70 + Propose one life to maids; but each such creature + Makes by her soul the best of her free[117] state, + Which without love is rude, disconsolate, + And wants love's fire to make it mild and bright, + Till when, maids are but torches wanting light. + Thus 'gainst our grief, not cause of grief, we fight: + The right of naught is glean'd, but the delight. + Up went she: but to tell how she descended, + Would God she were dead, or my verse ended! + She was the rule of wishes, sum, and end, 80 + For all the parts that did on love depend: + Yet cast the torch his brightness further forth; + But what shines nearest best, holds truest worth. + Leander did not through such tempests swim + To kiss the torch, although it lighted him: + But all his powers in her desires awaked, + Her love and virtues clothed him richly naked. + Men kiss but fire that only shows pursue; + Her torch and Hero, figure show and virtue. + Now at opposed Abydos naught was heard 90 + But bleating flocks, and many a bellowing herd, + Slain for the nuptials; cracks of falling woods; + Blows of broad axes; pourings out of floods. + The guilty Hellespont was mix'd and stained + With bloody torrents[118] that the shambles rained; + Not arguments of feast, but shows that bled, + Foretelling that red night that followed. + More blood was spilt, more honours were addrest, + Than could have graced any happy feast; + Rich banquets, triumphs, every pomp employs 100 + His sumptuous hand; no miser's nuptial joys. + Air felt continual thunder with the noise + Made in the general marriage-violence; + And no man knew the cause of this expense, + But the two hapless lords, Leander's sire, + And poor Leander, poorest where the fire + Of credulous love made him most rich surmis'd: + As short was he of that himself[119] he prized, + As is an empty gallant full of form, + That thinks each look an act, each drop a storm, 110 + That falls from his brave breathings; most brought up + In our metropolis, and hath his cup + Brought after him to feasts; and much palm bears + For his rare judgment in th' attire he wears; + Hath seen the hot Low-Countries, not their heat, + Observes their rampires and their buildings yet; + And, for your sweet discourse with mouths, is heard + Giving instructions with his very beard; + Hath gone with an ambassador, and been + A great man's mate in travelling, even to Rhene; 120 + And then puts all his worth in such a face + As he saw brave men make, and strives for grace + To get his news forth: as when you descry + A ship, with all her sail contends to fly + Out of the narrow Thames with winds unapt, + Now crosseth here, then there, then this way rapt, + And then hath one point reach'd, then alters all, + And to another crooked reach doth fall + Of half a bird-bolt's[120] shoot, keeping more coil + Than if she danc'd upon the ocean's toil; 130 + So serious is his trifling company, + In all his swelling ship of vacantry + And so short of himself in his high thought + Was our Leander in his fortunes brought, + And in his fort of love that he thought won; + But otherwise he scorns comparison. + O sweet Leander, thy large worth I hide + In a short grave! ill-favour'd storms must chide + Thy sacred favour;[121] I in floods of ink + Must drown thy graces, which white papers drink, 140 + Even as thy beauties did the foul black seas; + I must describe the hell of thy decease, + That heaven did merit: yet I needs must see + Our painted fools and cockhorse peasantry + Still, still usurp, with long lives, loves, and lust, + The seats of Virtue, cutting short as dust + Her dear-bought issue: ill to worse converts, + And tramples in the blood of all deserts. + Night close and silent now goes fast before + The captains and the soldiers to the shore, 150 + On whom attended the appointed fleet + At Sestos' bay, that should Leander meet, + Who feigned he in another ship would pass: + Which must not be, for no one mean there was + To get his love home, but the course he took. + Forth did his beauty for his beauty look, + And saw her through her torch, as you behold + Sometimes within the sun a face of gold, + Formed in strong thoughts, by that tradition's force + That says a god sits there and guides his course. 160 + His sister was with him; to whom he show'd + His guide by sea, and said, "Oft have you view'd + In one heaven many stars, but never yet + In one star many heavens till now were met. + See, lovely sister! see, now Hero shines, + No heaven but her appears; each star repines, + And all are clad in clouds, as if they mourned + To be by influence of earth out-burned. + Yet doth she shine, and teacheth Virtue's train + Still to be constant in hell's blackest reign, 170 + Though even the gods themselves do so entreat them + As they did hate, and earth as she would eat them." + Off went his silken robe, and in he leapt, + Whom the kind waves so licorously cleapt,[122] + Thickening for haste, one in another, so, + To kiss his skin, that he might almost go + To Hero's tower, had that kind minute lasted. + But now the cruel Fates with Ate hasted + To all the winds, and made them battle fight + Upon the Hellespont, for either's right 180 + Pretended to the windy monarchy; + And forth they brake, the seas mixed with the sky, + And tossed distressed Leander, being in hell, + As high as heaven: bliss not in height doth dwell. + The Destinies sate dancing on the waves, + To see the glorious Winds with mutual braves + Consume each other: O, true glass, to see + How ruinous ambitious statists be + To their own glories! Poor Leander cried + For help to sea-born Venus she denied; 190 + To Boreas, that, for his Atthaea's[123] sake + He would some pity on his Hero take, + And for his own love's sake, on his desires; + But Glory never blows cold Pity's fires. + Then call'd he Neptune, who, through all the noise, + Knew with affright his wreck'd Leander's voice, + And up he rose; for haste his forehead hit + 'Gainst heaven's hard crystal; his proud waves he smit + With his forked sceptre, that could not obey; + Much greater powers than Neptune's gave them sway. 200 + They loved Leander so, in groans they brake + When they came near him; and such space did take + 'Twixt one another, loath to issue on, + That in their shallow furrows earth was shown, + And the poor lover took a little breath: + But the curst Fates sate spinning of his death + On every wave, and with the servile Winds + Tumbled them on him. And now Hero finds, + By that she felt, her dear Leander's state: + She wept, and prayed for him to every Fate; 210 + And every Wind that whipped her with her hair + About the face, she kissed and spake it fair, + Kneeled to it, gave it drink out of her eyes + To quench his thirst: but still their cruelties + Even her poor torch envied, and rudely beat + The baiting[124] flame from that dear food it eat; + Dear, for it nourish'd her Leander's life; + Which with her robe she rescued from their strife; + But silk too soft was such hard hearts to break; + And she, dear soul, even as her silk, faint, weak, 220 + Could not preserve it; out, O, out it went! + Leander still call'd Neptune, that now rent + His brackish curls, and tore his wrinkled face, + Where tears in billows did each other chase; + And, burst with ruth, he hurl'd his marble mace + At the stern Fates: it wounded Lachesis + That drew Leander's thread, and could not miss + The thread itself, as it her hand did hit, + But smote it full, and quite did sunder it. + The more kind Neptune raged, the more he razed 230 + His love's life's fort, and kill'd as he embraced: + Anger doth still his own mishap increase; + If any comfort live, it is in peace. + O thievish Fates, to let blood, flesh, and sense, + Build two fair temples for their excellence, + To robe it with a poisoned influence! + Though souls' gifts starve, the bodies are held dear + In ugliest things; sense-sport preserves a bear: + But here naught serves our turns: O heaven and earth, + How most-most wretched is our human birth! 240 + And now did all the tyrannous crew depart, + Knowing there was a storm in Hero's heart, + Greater than they could make, and scorn'd their smart. + She bow'd herself so low out of her tower, + That wonder 'twas she fell not ere her hour, + With searching the lamenting waves for him: + Like a poor snail, her gentle supple limb + Hung on her turret's top, so most downright, + As she would dive beneath the darkness quite, + To find her jewel;--jewel!--her Leander, 250 + A name of all earth's jewels pleas'd not her + Like his dear name: "Leander, still my choice, + Come naught but my Leander! O my voice, + Turn to Leander! henceforth be all sounds, + Accents and phrases, that show all griefs' wounds, + Analyzed in Leander! O black change! + Trumpets, do you, with thunder of your clange, + Drive out this change's horror! My voice faints: + Where all joy was, now shriek out all complaints!" + Thus cried she; for her mixed soul could tell 260 + Her love was dead: and when the Morning fell + Prostrate upon the weeping earth for woe, + Blushes, that bled out of her cheeks, did show + Leander brought by Neptune, bruis'd and torn + With cities' ruins he to rocks had worn, + To filthy usuring rocks, that would have blood, + Though they could get of him no other good. + She saw him, and the sight was much-much more + Than might have serv'd to kill her: should her store + Of giant sorrows speak?--Burst,--die,--bleed, 270 + And leave poor plaints to us that shall succeed. + She fell on her love's bosom, hugged it fast, + And with Leander's name she breathed her last. + Neptune for pity in his arms did take them, + Flung them into the air, and did awake them + Like two sweet birds, surnam'd th' Acanthides, + Which we call Thistle-warps, that near no seas + Dare ever come, but still in couples fly, + And feed on thistle-tops, to testify + The hardness of their first life in their last; 280 + The first, in thorns of love, that sorrows past: + And so most beautiful their colours show, + As none (so little) like them; her sad brow + A sable velvet feather covers quite, + Even like the forehead-cloth that, in the night, + Or when they sorrow, ladies use[125] to wear: + Their wings, blue, red, and yellow, mixed appear: + Colours that, as we construe colours, paint + Their states to life;--the yellow shows their saint, + The dainty[126] Venus, left them; blue their truth; 290 + The red and black, ensigns of death and ruth. + And this true honour from their love-death sprung,-- + They were the first that ever poet sung.[127] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[113] It should be _binds_: _i.e._, "Leucote flies to the several winds, +and, commissioned by the Fates, commands them to restrain their +violence." _Broughton._ + +[114] The next few lines are in Chapman's obscurest manner. "Devotes," +in l. 21, means, I suppose, "tokens of devotion to his patron." + +[115] Cunningham says, "I cannot perceive the meaning of 'doth repair +more tender fawns.'" "Fawns" is equivalent to "fawnings;" and the +meaning seems to be, "applies himself to softer blandishments." + +[116] Orithyia.--The story of the rape of Orithyia is told in a +magnificent passage of Mr. Swinburne's _Erectheus_. + +[117] So the Isham copy. Later eds. "true." + +[118] So the Isham copy. Later eds. "torrent." + +[119] Some eds. "himselfe surpris'd." Dyce gives "himself so priz'd." + +[120] A short arrow blunted at the end; it killed birds without piercing +them. + +[121] Countenance. + +[122] Clipt, embraced. + +[123] From Gr. [Greek: Atthis] (a woman of Attica, _i.e._, Orithyia). + +[124] "The flame taking _bait_ (refreshment), feeding." Dyce. (Old eds. +"bating.") + +[125] Old eds. "vsde." + +[126] Isham copy "deuil." + +[127] In Chapman's day the work of the grammarian Musaeus was supposed +to be the genuine production of the fabulous son of Eumolpus. + + + + +OVID'S ELEGIES. + + + + +All the old editions of Marlowe's translation of the _Amores_ are +undated, and bear the imprint Middleburgh (in various spellings). It is +probable that the copy which Mr. Charles Edmonds discovered at Lamport +Hall, Northamptonshire (the seat of Sir Charles Isham, Bart.), is the +earliest of extant editions. The title-page of this edition +is--_Epigrammes and Elegies By I. D. and C. M. At Middleborugh_ 12mo. +After the title-page come the _Epigrammata_, which are signed at the end +"I. D." (the initials of Sir John Davies). Following the _Epigrammata_ +is a copy of verses headed _Ignoto_, and then comes a second +title-page--_Certaine of Ovid's Elegies. By C. Marlowe. At +Middleborough_. In his preface to a facsimile reprint of the little +volume, Mr. Edmonds states his conviction that this edition, +notwithstanding the imprint Middleborough, was issued at London from the +press of W. Jaggard, who in 1599 printed the _Passionate Pilgrime_. He +grounds his opinion not only on the character of the type and of the +misprints, but on the fact that there would be no need for the book to +be printed abroad in the first instance. It was not (he thinks) until +after June 1599--when (with other books) it was condemned by Archbishop +Whitgift to be burnt--that recourse was had to the expedient of +reprinting it at Middleburgh. In the notes I refer to this edition as +Isham copy. + +The next edition, which has the same title-pages as the Isham +copy--_Epigrammes and Elegies by I. D. and C. M. at Middleborugh_, +12mo--was certainly, to judge from its general appearance, printed +abroad, and by foreigners. The text agrees in the main with that of the +Isham copy, but the corruptions are more numerous. I have followed Dyce +in referring to this edition as Ed. A. + +The Isham copy and Ed. A contain only a portion of the Elegies. The +complete translation appeared in _All Ovid's Elegies: 3 Bookes. By C. M. +Epigrams by I. D. At Middleborugh_, 12mo. (Ed. B); and in another +edition with the same title-page (Ed. C). The readings of Ed. C. I have +occasionally borrowed from Dyce. It is supposed that the book "continued +to be printed with Middleburgh on the title, and without date, as late +as 1640" (Hazlitt). + + + + +OVID'S ELEGIES. + +P. OVIDII NASONIS AMORUM. + +LIBER PRIMUS. + + + + +ELEGIA I. + +Quemadmodum a Cupidine, pro bellis amoris scribere coactus sit. + + + _We which were Ovid's five books, now are three, + For these before the rest preferreth he: + If reading five thou plain'st of tediousness, + Two ta'en away, thy[128] labour will be less;_ + + With Muse prepared,[129] I meant to sing of arms, + Choosing a subject fit for fierce alarms: + Both verses were alike till Love (men say) + Began to smile and took one foot away. + Rash boy, who gave thee power to change a line? + We are the Muses' prophets, none of thine. + What, if thy mother take Diana's[130] bow, + Shall Dian fan when love begins to glow? + In woody groves is't meet that Ceres reign, + And quiver-bearing Dian till the plain? 10 + Who'll set the fair-tressed Sun in battle-ray + While Mars doth take the Aonian harp to play? + Great are thy kingdoms, over-strong and large, + Ambitious imp, why seek'st thou further charge? + Are all things thine? the Muses' Tempe thine? + Then scarce can Phoebus say, "This harp is mine." + When[131] in this work's first verse I trod aloft, + Love slaked my muse, and made my numbers soft: + I have no mistress nor no favourite, + Being fittest matter for a wanton wit. 20 + Thus I complained, but Love unlocked his quiver, + Took out the shaft, ordained my heart to shiver, + And bent his sinewy bow upon his knee, + Saying, "Poet, here's a work beseeming thee." + O, woe is me! he never shoots but hits, + I burn, love in my idle bosom sits: + Let my first verse be six, my last five feet: + Farewell stern war, for blunter poets meet! + Elegian muse, that warblest amorous lays, + Girt my shine[132] brow with seabank myrtle sprays.[133] 30 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[128] So the Isham copy. Ed. A. "the." + +[129] Isham copy and ed. A. "vpreard, I meane." + +[130] The original has-- + + "Quid? si praeripiat flavae Venus arma _Minervae_ + Ventilet accensas flavae _Minerva_ comas." + +[131] + + "Cum bene surrexit versu nova pagina, primo! + At tenuat nervos proximus ille meos." + +[132] Sheen. + +[133] Dyce's correction for "praise" of the old eds. + + + + +ELEGIA II. + +Quod primo amore correptus, in triumphum duci se a Cupidine patiatur. + + + What makes my bed seem hard seeing it is soft? + Or why slips down the coverlet so oft? + Although the nights be long I sleep not tho[134] + My sides are sore with tumbling to and fro. + Were love the cause it's like I should descry him, + Or lies he close and shoots where none can spy him? + 'Twas so; he strook me with a slender dart; + 'Tis cruel Love turmoils my captive heart. + Yielding or striving[135] do we give him might, + Let's yield, a burden easily borne is light. 10 + I saw a brandished fire increase in strength, + Which being not shak'd, I saw it die at length. + Young oxen newly yoked are beaten more, + Than oxen which have drawn the plough before: + And rough jades' mouths with stubborn bits are torn, + But managed horses' heads are lightly borne.[136] + Unwilling lovers, love doth more torment, + Than such as in their bondage feel content. + Lo! I confess, I am thy captive I, + And hold my conquered hands for thee to tie. 20 + What need'st thou war? I sue to thee for grace: + With arms to conquer armless men is base. + Yoke Venus' Doves, put myrtle on thy hair, + Vulcan will give thee chariots rich and fair: + The people thee applauding, thou shalt stand, + Guiding the harmless pigeons with thy hand. + Young men and women shalt thou lead as thrall, + So will thy triumph seem magnifical; + I, lately caught, will have a new-made wound, + And captive-like be manacled and bound: 30 + Good meaning, Shame, and such as seek Love's wrack + Shall follow thee, their hands tied at their back. + Thee all shall fear, and worship as a king + Ioe triumphing shall thy people sing. + Smooth speeches, Fear and Rage shall by thee ride, + Which troops have always been on Cupid's side; + Thou with these soldiers conquer'st gods and men, + Take these away, where is thine honour then? + Thy mother shall from heaven applaud this show, + And on their faces heaps of roses strow, 40 + With beauty of thy wings, thy fair hair gilded,[137] + Ride golden Love in chariots richly builded! + Unless I err, full many shalt thou burn, + And give wounds infinite at every turn. + In spite of thee, forth will thine arrows fly, + A scorching flame burns all the standers by. + So, having conquered Inde, was Bacchus' hue; + Thee pompous birds and him two tigers drew; + Then seeing I grace thy show in following thee, + Forbear to hurt thyself in spoiling me. 50 + Behold thy kinsman[138] Caesar's prosperous bands, + Who guards the[139] conquered with his conquering hands. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[134] Then. + +[135] So the Isham copy and ed. A. Other eds. "struggling." + +[136] "_Frena minus sentit_ quisquis ad arma facit."--Marlowe's line +strongly supports the view that "bear hard" in _Julius Caesar_ means +"curb, keep a tight rein over" (hence "eye with suspicion"). Cf. +Christopher Clifford's _School of Horsemanship_ (1585):--"But the most +part of horses takes it [a 'wil of his owne'] through the unskilfulnesse +of the rider by _bearing too hard a hand_ upon them," p. 35. + +[137] "Our poet's copy of Ovid had 'Tu _penna pulchros gemina_ variante +capillos.'"--_Dyce._ (The true reading "Tu pennas gemma, gemma, variante +capillos.") + +[138] Old eds. "kinsmans." + +[139] Old eds. "thee." + + + + +ELEGIA III. + +Ad amicam. + + + I ask but right, let her that caught me late, + Either love, or cause that I may never hate; + I crave[140] too much--would she but let me love her; + Jove knows with such-like prayers I daily move her. + Accept him that shall serve thee all his youth, + Accept him that shall love with spotless truth. + If lofty titles cannot make[141] me thine, + That am descended but of knightly line, + (Soon may you plough the little land I have; + I gladly grant my parents given to save;[142]) 10 + Apollo, Bacchus, and the Muses may; + And Cupid who hath marked me for thy prey; + My spotless life, which but to gods gives place, + Naked simplicity, and modest grace. + I love but one, and her I love change never, + If men have faith, I'll live with thee for ever. + The years that fatal Destiny shall give + I'll live with thee, and die ere thou shalt grieve. + Be thou the happy subject of my books + That I may write things worthy thy fair looks. 20 + By verses, horned Ioe got her name; + And she to whom in shape of swan[143] Jove came; + And she that on a feigned Bull swam to land, + Griping his false horns with her virgin hand, + So likewise we will through the world be rung + And with my name shall thine be always sung. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[140] Isham copy "aske." + +[141] Ed. A. "cause me to be thine." + +[142] "Temperat et sumptus parcus uterque parens." + +[143] Isham copy and ed. A. "Bull." + + + + +ELEGIA IV.[144] + +Amicam, qua arte quibusque nutibus in caena, presente viro, uti debeat, +admonet. + + + Thy husband to a banquet goes with me, + Pray God it may his latest supper be. + Shall I sit gazing as a bashful guest, + While others touch the damsel I love best? + Wilt lying under him, his bosom clip? + About thy neck shall he at pleasure skip? + Marvel not, though the fair bride did incite + The drunken Centaurs to a sudden fight. + I am no half horse, nor in woods I dwell, + Yet scarce my hands from thee contain I well. 10 + But how thou should'st behave thyself now know, + Nor let the winds away my warnings blow. + Before thy husband come, though I not see + What may be done, yet there before him be. + Lie with him gently, when his limbs he spread + Upon the bed; but on my foot first tread. + View me, my becks, and speaking countenance; + Take, and return[145] each secret amorous glance. + Words without voice shall on my eyebrows sit, + Lines thou shalt read in wine by my hand writ. 20 + When our lascivious toys come to thy mind, + Thy rosy cheeks be to thy thumb inclined. + If aught of me thou speak'st in inward thought, + Let thy soft finger to thy ear be brought. + When I, my light, do or say aught that please thee, + Turn round thy gold ring, as it were to ease thee. + Strike on the board like them that pray for evil, + When thou dost wish thy husband at the devil.[146] + What wine he fills thee, wisely will[147] him drink; + Ask thou the boy, what thou enough dost think. 30 + When thou hast tasted, I will take the cup, + And where thou drink'st, on that part I will sup. + If he gives thee what first himself did taste, + Even in his face his offered gobbets[148] cast. + Let not thy neck by his vile arms be prest, + Nor lean thy soft head on his boisterous breast. + Thy bosom's roseate buds let him not finger, + Chiefly on thy lips let not his lips linger + If thou givest kisses, I shall all disclose,[149] + Say they are mine, and hands on thee impose. 40 + Yet this I'll see, but if thy gown aught cover, + Suspicious fear in all my veins will hover. + Mingle not thighs, nor to his leg join thine, + Nor thy soft foot with his hard foot combine. + I have been wanton, therefore am perplexed, + And with mistrust of the like measure vexed. + I and my wench oft under clothes did lurk, + When pleasure moved us to our sweetest work. + Do not thou so; but throw thy mantle hence, + Lest I should think thee guilty of offence. 50 + Entreat thy husband drink, but do not kiss, + And while he drinks, to add more do not miss; + If he lies down with wine and sleep opprest, + The thing and place shall counsel us the rest. + When to go homewards we rise all along + Have care to walk in middle of the throng. + There will I find thee or be found by thee, + There touch whatever thou canst touch of me. + Ay me! I warn what profits some few hours! + But we must part, when heaven with black night lours. 60 + At night thy husband clips[150] thee: I will weep + And to the doors sight of thyself [will] keep: + Then will he kiss thee, and not only kiss, + But force thee give him my stolen honey-bliss. + Constrained against thy will give it the peasant, + Forbear sweet words, and be your sport unpleasant. + To him I pray it no delight may bring, + Or if it do, to thee no joy thence spring. + But, though this night thy fortune be to try it, + To me to-morrow constantly deny[151] it. 70 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[144] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[145] So Dyce; old eds. "receive." + +[146] "Optabis merito cum mala multa viro." + +[147] "Bibat ipse _jubeto_." + +[148] So Dyce for "goblets" of the old eds. ("Rejice libatos illius ore +_cibos_.") + +[149] "Fiam manifestus adulter." + +[150] The original has "Nocte vir _includet_." + +[151] "Dedisse nega." + + + + +ELEGIA V. + +Corinnae concubitus. + + + In summer's heat, and mid-time of the day, + To rest my limbs upon a bed I lay; + One window shut, the other open stood, + Which gave such light as twinkles in a wood, + Like twilight glimpse at setting of the sun, + Or night being past, and yet not day begun; + Such light to shamefaced maidens must be shown + Where they may sport, and seem to be unknown: + Then came Corinna in a long loose gown, + Her white neck hid with tresses hanging down, 10 + Resembling fair Semiramis going to bed, + Or Lais of a thousand wooers sped.[152] + I snatched her gown: being thin, the harm was small, + Yet strived she to be covered therewithal; + And striving thus, as one that would be cast, + Betrayed herself, and yielded at the last. + Stark naked as she stood before mine eye, + Not one wen in her body could I spy. + What arms and shoulders did I touch and see! + How apt her breasts were to be pressed by me! 20 + How smooth a belly under her waist saw I, + How large a leg, and what a lusty thigh! + To leave the rest, all liked me passing well; + I clinged her naked[153] body, down she fell: + Judge you the rest; being tired she bade me kiss; + Jove send me more such afternoons as this! + +FOOTNOTES: + +[152] Isham copy and ed. A. "spread." + +[153] Ed. A. "her faire white body." ("Et _nudam_ pressi corpus ad usque +meum.") + + + + +ELEGIA VI.[154] + +Ad Janitorem, ut fores sibi aperiat. + + + Unworthy porter, bound in chains full sore, + On moved hooks set ope the churlish door. + Little I ask, a little entrance make, + The gate half-ope my bent side in will take. + Long love my body to such use make[s] slender, + And to get out doth like apt members render. + He shows me how unheard to pass the watch, + And guides my feet lest, stumbling, falls they catch: + But in times past I feared vain shades, and night, + Wondering if any walked without light. 10 + Love, hearing it, laughed with his tender mother, + And smiling said, "Be thou as bold as other." + Forthwith love came; no dark night-flying sprite, + Nor hands prepared to slaughter, me affright. + Thee fear I too much: only thee I flatter: + Thy lightning can my life in pieces batter. + Why enviest me? this hostile den[155] unbar; + See how the gates with my tears watered are! + When thou stood'st naked ready to be beat, + For thee I did thy mistress fair entreat. 20 + But what entreats for thee sometimes[156] took place, + (O mischief!) now for me obtain small grace. + Gratis thou mayest be free; give like for like; + Night goes away: the door's bar backward strike. + Strike; so again hard chains shall bind thee never, + Nor servile water shalt thou drink for ever. + Hard-hearted Porter, dost and wilt not hear? + With stiff oak propped the gate doth still appear. + Such rampired gates besieged cities aid; + In midst of peace why art of arms afraid? 30 + Exclud'st a lover, how would'st use a foe? + Strike back the bar, night fast away doth go. + With arms or armed men I come not guarded; + I am alone, were furious love discarded. + Although I would, I cannot him cashier, + Before I be divided from my gear.[157] + See Love with me, wine moderate in my brain, + And on my hairs a crown of flowers remain. + Who fears these arms? who will not go to meet them? + Night runs away; with open entrance greet them. 40 + Art careless? or is't sleep forbids thee hear, + Giving the winds my words running in thine ear? + Well I remember, when I first did hire thee, + Watching till after midnight did not tire thee. + But now perchance thy wench with thee doth rest, + Ah, how thy lot is above my lot blest: + Though it be so, shut me not out therefore; + Night goes away: I pray thee ope the door. + Err we? or do the turned hinges sound, + And opening doors with creaking noise abound?[158] 50 + We err: a strong blast seemed the gates to ope: + Ay me, how high that gale did lift my hope! + If Boreas bears[159] Orithyia's rape in mind, + Come break these deaf doors with thy boisterous wind. + Silent the city is: night's dewy host[160] + March fast away: the bar strike from the post. + Or I more stern than fire or sword will turn, + And with my brand these gorgeous houses burn. + Night, love, and wine to all extremes persuade: + Night, shameless wine, and love are fearless made. 60 + All have I spent: no threats or prayers move thee; + O harder than the doors thou guard'st I prove thee, + No pretty wench's keeper may'st thou be, + The careful prison is more meet for thee. + Now frosty night her flight begins to take, + And crowing cocks poor souls to work awake. + But thou, my crown, from sad hairs ta'en away, + On this hard threshold till the morning lay. + That when my mistress there beholds thee cast, + She may perceive how we the time did waste. 70 + Whate'er thou art, farewell, be like me pained! + Careless farewell, with my fault not distained![161] + And farewell cruel posts, rough threshold's block, + And doors conjoined with an hard iron lock! + +FOOTNOTES: + +[154] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[155] Old eds. "dende." + +[156] Sometime ("quondam"). + +[157] "Ante vel a membris dividar ipse meis." + +[158] Qy. "rebound?" + +[159] Dyce reads, "If, Boreas, bear'st" (_i.e._, "thou bear'st"). But +the change in the old eds. from the second to the third person is not +very harsh. + +[160] A picturesque rendering of + + "Vitreoque madentia rore + Tempora noctis eunt." + +[161] "Lente nec admisso turpis amante ... vale." Of course "nec" should +be taken with "admisso." + + + + +ELEGIA VII.[162] + +Ad pacandam amicam, quam verberaverat. + + + Bind fast my hands, they have deserved chains, + While rage is absent, take some friend the pains. + For rage against my wench moved my rash arm, + My mistress weeps whom my mad hand did harm. + I might have then my parents dear misused, + Or holy gods with cruel strokes abused. + Why, Ajax, master of the seven-fold shield, + Butchered the flocks he found in spacious field. + And he who on his mother venged his ire, + Against the Destinies durst sharp[163] darts require. 10 + Could I therefore her comely tresses tear? + Yet was she graced with her ruffled hair. + So fair she was, Atalanta she resembled, + Before whose bow th' Arcadian wild beasts trembled. + Such Ariadne was, when she bewails, + Her perjured Theseus' flying vows and sails. + So, chaste Minerva, did Cassandra fall + Deflowered[164] except within thy temple wall. + That I was mad, and barbarous all men cried: + She nothing said; pale fear her tongue had tied. 20 + But secretly her looks with checks did trounce me, + Her tears, she silent, guilty did pronounce me. + Would of mine arms my shoulders had been scanted: + Better I could part of myself have wanted. + To mine own self have I had strength so furious, + And to myself could I be so injurious? + Slaughter and mischiefs instruments, no better, + Deserved chains these cursed hands shall fetter. + Punished I am, if I a Roman beat: + Over my mistress is my right more great? 30 + Tydides left worst signs[165] of villainy; + He first a goddess struck: another I. + Yet he harmed less; whom I professed to love + I harmed: a foe did Diomede's anger move. + Go now, thou conqueror, glorious triumphs raise, + Pay vows to Jove; engirt thy hairs with bays. + And let the troops which shall thy chariot follow, + "Ioe, a strong man conquered this wench," hollow. + Let the sad captive foremost, with locks spread + On her white neck, but for hurt cheeks,[166] be led. 40 + Meeter it were her lips were blue with kissing, + And on her neck a wanton's[167] mark not missing. + But, though I like a swelling flood was driven, + And as a prey unto blind anger given, + Was't not enough the fearful wench to chide? + Nor thunder, in rough threatenings, haughty pride? + Nor shamefully her coat pull o'er her crown, + Which to her waist her girdle still kept down? + But cruelly her tresses having rent, + My nails to scratch her lovely cheeks I bent. 50 + Sighing she stood, her bloodless white looks shewed, + Like marble from the Parian mountains hewed. + Her half-dead joints, and trembling limbs I saw, + Like poplar leaves blown with a stormy flaw. + Or slender ears, with gentle zephyr shaken, + Or waters' tops with the warm south-wind taken. + And down her cheeks, the trickling tears did flow, + Like water gushing from consuming snow. + Then first I did perceive I had offended; + My blood the tears were that from her descended. 60 + Before her feet thrice prostrate down I fell, + My feared hands thrice back she did repel. + But doubt thou not (revenge doth grief appease), + With thy sharp nails upon my face to seize; + Bescratch mine eyes, spare not my locks to break + (Anger will help thy hands though ne'er so weak); + And lest the sad signs of my crime remain, + Put in their place thy kembed[168] hairs again. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[162] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[163] I should like to omit this word, to which there is nothing to +correspond in the original. + +[164] Marlowe has misunderstood the original "Sic nisi vittatis quod +erat Cassandra capillis." + +[165] "Pessima Tydides scelerum monumenta reliquit." + +[166] An awkward translation of + + "Si sinerent laesae, candidia tota, genae." + +[167] So ed. B.--Ed. C. "wanton." + +[168] Old eds. "keembed." ("Pone recompositas in statione comas.") + + + + +ELEGIA VIII.[169] + +Execratur lenam quae puellam suam meretricis arte instituebat. + + + There is--whoe'er will know a bawd aright, + Give ear--there is an old trot Dipsas hight.[170] + Her name comes from the thing: she being wise,[171] + Sees not the morn on rosy horses rise, + She magic arts and Thessal charms doth know, + And makes large streams back to their fountains flow; + She knows with grass, with threads on wrung[172] wheels spun, + And what with mares' rank humour[173] may be done. + When she will, cloudes the darkened heaven obscure, + When she will, day shines everywhere most pure. 10 + If I have faith, I saw the stars drop blood, + The purple moon with sanguine visage stood; + Her I suspect among night's spirits to fly, + And her old body in birds' plumes to lie. + Fame saith as I suspect; and in her eyes, + Two eyeballs shine, and double light thence flies. + Great grandsires from their ancient graves she chides, + And with long charms the solid earth divides. + She draws chaste women to incontinence, + Nor doth her tongue want harmful eloquence. 20 + By chance I heard her talk; these words she said, + While closely hid betwixt two doors I laid. + "Mistress, thou knowest thou hast a blest youth pleased, + He stayed and on thy looks his gazes seized. + And why should'st not please; none thy face exceeds; + Ay me, thy body hath no worthy weeds! + As thou art fair, would thou wert fortunate! + Wert thou rich, poor should not be my state. + Th' opposed star of Mars hath done thee harm; + Now Mars is gone, Venus thy side doth warm, 30 + And brings good fortune; a rich lover plants + His love on thee, and can supply thy wants. + Such is his form as may with thine compare, + Would he not buy thee, thou for him should'st care."[174] + She blushed: "Red shame becomes white cheeks; but this + If feigned, doth well; if true, it doth amiss. + When on thy lap thine eyes thou dost deject, + Each one according to his gifts respect. + Perhaps the Sabines rude, when Tatius reigned + To yield their love to more than one disdained. 40 + Now Mars doth rage abroad without all pity, + And Venus rules in her AEneas' city. + Fair women play; she's chaste whom none will have + Or, but for bashfulness, herself would crave. + Shake off these wrinkles that thy front assault; + Wrinkles in beauty is a grievous fault. + Penelope in bows her youths' strength tried, + Of horn the bow was that approved[175] their side. + Time flying slides hence closely, and deceives us, + And with swift horses the swift year[176] soon leaves us. 50 + Brass shines with use; good garments would[177] be worn; + Houses not dwelt in, are with filth forlorn. + Beauty, not exercised, with age is spent, + Nor one or two men are sufficient. + Many to rob is more sure, and less hateful, + From dog-kept flocks come preys to wolves most grateful. + Behold, what gives the poet but new verses? + And therefore many thousand he rehearses. + The poet's god arrayed in robes of gold, + Of his gilt harp the well-tuned strings doth hold. 60 + Let Homer yield to such as presents bring, + (Trust me) to give, it is a witty thing. + Nor, so thou may'st obtain a wealthy prize, + The vain name of inferior slaves despise. + Nor let the arms of ancient lines[178] beguile thee; + Poor lover, with thy grandsires I exile thee. + Who seeks, for being fair, a night to have, + What he will give, with greater instance crave. + Make a small price, while thou thy nets dost lay; + Lest they should fly; being ta'en, the tyrant play. 70 + Dissemble so, as loved he may be thought, + And take heed lest he gets that love for naught. + Deny him oft; feign now thy head doth ache: + And Isis now will show what 'scuse to make. + Receive him soon, lest patient use he gain, + Or lest his love oft beaten back should wane. + To beggars shut, to bringers ope thy gate; + Let him within hear barred-out lovers prate. + And, as first wronged, the wronged sometimes banish; + Thy fault with his fault so repulsed will vanish. 80 + But never give a spacious time to ire; + Anger delayed doth oft to hate retire. + And let thine eyes constrained learn to weep, + That this or that man may thy cheeks moist keep. + Nor, if thou cozenest one, dread to forswear, + Venus to mocked men lends a senseless ear. + Servants fit for thy purpose thou must hire, + To teach thy lover what thy thoughts desire. + Let them ask somewhat; many asking little, + Within a while great heaps grow of a tittle. 90 + And sister, nurse, and mother spare him not; + By many hands great wealth is quickly got. + When causes fail thee to require a gift + By keeping of thy birth, make but a shift. + Beware lest he, unrivalled, loves secure; + Take strife away, love doth not well endure. + On all the bed men's tumbling[179] let him view, + And thy neck with lascivious marks made blue. + Chiefly show him the gifts, which others send: + If he gives nothing, let him from thee wend. 100 + When thou hast so much as he gives no more, + Pray him to lend what thou may'st ne'er restore. + Let thy tongue flatter, while thy mind harm works; + Under sweet honey deadly poison lurks. + If this thou dost, to me by long use known, + (Nor let my words be with the winds hence blown) + Oft thou wilt say, 'live well;' thou wilt pray oft, + That my dead bones may in their grave lie soft." + As thus she spake, my shadow me betrayed; + With much ado my hands I scarcely stayed; 110 + But her blear eyes, bald scalp's thin hoary fleeces, + And rivelled[180] cheeks I would have pulled a-pieces. + The gods send thee no house, a poor old age, + Perpetual thirst, and winter's lasting rage. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[169] Not in Isham copy or ed A. + +[170] "Est quaedam, nomine Dipsas, anus." + +[171] + + "Nigri non illa parentem + Memnonis in roseis sobria vidit equis." + +Cunningham suggests that "wise" was "one of the thousand and one +euphemisms for 'inebriated.'" + +[172] The spelling in old eds. is "wrong." + +[173] + + "Virus amantis equae." + +[174] "Si te non emptam vellet emendus erat." (Marlowe's copy must have +read "amandus.") + +[175] Proved their strength. "Qui _latus argueret_ corneus arcus erat." + +[176] The usual reading is "_Ut_ celer admissis labitur _amnis aquis_." + +[177] "Vestis bona _quaerit haberi_." + +[178] Old eds. "liues." + +[179] "Ille viri toto videat _vestigia_ lecto." + +[180] "_Rugosas_ genas." + + + + +ELEGIA IX.[181] + +Ad Atticum, amantem non oportere desidiosum esse, sicuti nec militem. + + + All lovers war, and Cupid hath his tent; + Attic, all lovers are to war far sent, + What age fits Mars, with Venus doth agree; + 'Tis shame for eld in war or love to be. + What years in soldiers captains do require, + Those in their lovers pretty maids desire. + Both of them watch: each on the hard earth sleeps: + His mistress' door this, that his captain's keeps. + Soldiers must travel far: the wench forth send,[182] + Her valiant lover follows without end. 10 + Mounts, and rain-doubled floods he passeth over, + And treads the desert snowy heaps do[183] cover. + Going to sea, east winds he doth not chide, + Nor to hoist sail attends fit time and tide. + Who but a soldier or a lover's bold + To suffer storm-mixed snows with night's sharp cold? + One as a spy doth to his enemies go, + The other eyes his rival as his foe. + He cities great, this thresholds lies before: + This breaks town gates, but he his mistress' door. 20 + Oft to invade the sleeping foe 'tis good, + And armed to shed unarmed people's blood. + So the fierce troops of Thracian Rhesus fell, + And captive horses bade their lord farewell. + Sooth,[184] lovers watch till sleep the husband charms, + Who slumbering, they rise up in swelling arms. + The keepers' hands[185] and corps-du-gard to pass, + The soldier's, and poor lover's work e'er was. + Doubtful is war and love; the vanquished rise, + And who thou never think'st should fall, down lies. 30 + Therefore whoe'er love slothfulness doth call, + Let him surcease: love tries wit best of all. + Achilles burned, Briseis being ta'en away; + Trojans destroy the Greek wealth, while you may. + Hector to arms went from his wife's embraces, + And on Andromache[186] his helmet laces. + Great Agamemnon was, men say, amazed, + On Priam's loose-trest daughter when he gazed. + Mars in the deed the blacksmith's net did stable; + In heaven was never more notorious fable. 40 + Myself was dull and faint, to sloth inclined; + Pleasure and ease had mollified my mind. + A fair maid's care expelled this sluggishness, + And to her tents willed me myself address. + Since may'st thou see me watch and night-wars move: + He that will not grow slothful, let him love. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[181] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[182] "Mitte puellam." + +[183] Old eds. "to." + +[184] So ed. B.--Ed. C "such." + +[185] "Custodum transire _manus_ vigilumque catervas." (For "hands" the +poet should have written "bands.") + +[186] "Et galeam capiti quae daret uxor erat." + + + + +ELEGIA X.[187] + +Ad puellam, ne pro amore praemia poscat. + + Such as the cause was of two husbands' war, + Whom Trojan ships fetch'd from Europa far, + Such as was Leda, whom the god deluded + In snow-white plumes of a false swan included. + Such as Amymone through the dry fields strayed, + When on her head a water pitcher laid. + Such wert thou, and I feared the bull and eagle, + And whate'er Love made Jove, should thee inveigle. + Now all fear with my mind's hot love abates: + No more this beauty mine eyes captivates. 10 + Ask'st why I change? because thou crav'st reward; + This cause hath thee from pleasing me debarred. + While thou wert plain[188] I loved thy mind and face: + Now inward faults thy outward form disgrace. + Love is a naked boy, his years saunce[189] stain, + And hath no clothes, but open doth remain. + Will you for gain have Cupid sell himself? + He hath no bosom where to hide base pelf. + Love[190] and Love's son are with fierce arms at[191] odds; + To serve for pay beseems not wanton gods. 20 + The whore stands to be bought for each man's money, + And seeks vild wealth by selling of her coney. + Yet greedy bawd's command she curseth still, + And doth, constrained, what you do of goodwill. + Take from irrational beasts a precedent; + 'Tis shame their wits should be more excellent. + The mare asks not the horse, the cow the bull, + Nor the mild ewe gifts from the ram doth pull. + Only a woman gets spoils from a man, + Farms out herself on nights for what she can; 30 + And lets[192] what both delight, what both desire, + Making her joy according to her hire. + The sport being such, as both alike sweet try it, + Why should one sell it and the other buy it? + Why should I lose, and thou gain by the pleasure, + Which man and woman reap in equal measure? + Knights of the post[193] of perjuries make sale, + The unjust judge for bribes becomes a stale. + 'Tis shame sold tongues the guilty should defend, + Or great wealth from a judgment-seat ascend. 40 + 'Tis shame to grow rich by bed-merchandise,[194] + Or prostitute thy beauty for bad price. + Thanks worthily are due for things unbought; + For beds ill-hired we are indebted nought. + The hirer payeth all; his rent discharged, + From further duty he rests then enlarged. + Fair dames forbear rewards for nights to crave: + Ill-gotten goods good end will never have. + The Sabine gauntlets were too dearly won, + That unto death did press the holy nun. 50 + The son slew her, that forth to meet him went, + And a rich necklace caused that punishment. + Yet think no scorn to ask a wealthy churl; + He wants no gifts into thy lap to hurl. + Take clustered grapes from an o'er-laden vine, + May[195] bounteous love[196] Alcinous' fruit resign. + Let poor men show their service, faith and care; + All for their mistress, what they have, prepare. + In verse to praise kind wenches 'tis my part, + And whom I like eternise by mine art. 60 + Garments do wear, jewels and gold do waste, + The fame that verse gives doth for ever last. + To give I love, but to be asked disdain; + Leave asking, and I'll give what I refrain. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[187] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[188] "Simplex." + +[189] Sans. + +[190] "Nec _Venus_ apta," &c. + +[191] Old eds. "to." + +[192] "Vendit." + +[193] "Non bene conducti testes." + +[194] So ed. B.--ed. C "bad merchandise." + +[195] Old eds. "many." + +[196] The original has "ager." + + + + +ELEGIA XI.[197] + +Napen alloquitur, ut paratas tabellas ad Corinnam perferat. + + + In skilful gathering ruffled hairs in order, + Nape, free-born, whose cunning hath no border,[198] + Thy service for night's scapes is known commodious, + And to give signs dull wit to thee is odious.[199] + Corinna clips me oft by thy persuasion: + Never to harm me made thy faith evasion. + Receive these lines; them to my mistress carry; + Be sedulous; let no stay cause thee tarry, + Nor flint nor iron are in thy soft breast, + But pure simplicity in thee doth rest. 10 + And 'tis supposed Love's bow hath wounded thee; + Defend the ensigns of thy war in me. + If what I do, she asks, say "hope for night;" + The rest my hand doth in my letters write. + Time passeth while I speak; give her my writ, + But see that forthwith she peruseth it. + I charge thee mark her eyes and front in reading: + By speechless looks we guess at things succeeding. + Straight being read, will her to write much back, + I hate fair paper should writ matter lack. 20 + Let her make verses and some blotted letter + On the last edge to stay mine eyes the better. + What needs she tire[200] her hand to hold the quill? + Let this word "Come," alone the tables fill. + Then with triumphant laurel will I grace them + And in the midst of Venus' temple place them, + Subscribing, that to her I consecrate + My faithful tables, being vile maple late. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[197] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[198] Bound. + +[199] "Et dandis ingeniosa notis." + +[200] So Dyce for "try" of the old eds. + + + + +ELEGIA XII.[201] + +Tabellas quas miserat execratur quod amica noctem negabat. + + + Bewail my chance: the sad book is returned, + This day denial hath my sport adjourned. + Presages are not vain; when she departed, + Nape by stumbling on the threshold, started. + Going out again, pass forth the door more wisely, + And somewhat higher bear thy foot precisely. + Hence luckless tables! funeral wood, be flying! + And thou, the wax, stuffed full with notes denying! + Which I think gathered from cold hemlock's flower, + Wherein bad honey Corsic bees did pour: 10 + Yet as if mixed with red lead thou wert ruddy, + That colour rightly did appear so bloody. + As evil wood, thrown in the highways, lie, + Be broke with wheels of chariots passing by! + And him that hewed you out for needful uses, + I'll prove had hands impure with all abuses. + Poor wretches on the tree themselves did strangle: + There sat the hangman for men's necks to angle. + To hoarse scrich-owls foul shadows it allows; + Vultures and Furies[202] nestled in the boughs. 20 + To these my love I foolishly committed, + And then with sweet words to my mistress fitted. + More fitly had they[203] wrangling bonds contained + From barbarous lips of some attorney strained. + Among day-books and bills they had lain better, + In which the merchant wails his bankrupt debtor. + Your name approves you made for such like things, + The number two no good divining brings. + Angry, I pray that rotten age you racks, + And sluttish white-mould overgrow the wax. 30 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[201] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[202] "Volturis in ramis et _strigis_ ova tulit." + +[203] Old eds. "thy." + + + + +ELEGIA XIII. + +Ad Auroram ne properet. + + + Now o'er the sea from her old love comes she + That draws the day from heaven's cold axletree. + Aurora, whither slid'st thou? down again! + And birds for[204] Memnon yearly shall be slain. + Now in her tender arms I sweetly bide, + If ever, now well lies she by my side. + The air is cold, and sleep is sweetest now, + And birds send forth shrill notes from every bough. + Whither runn'st thou, that men and women love not? + Hold in thy rosy horses that they move not. 10 + Ere thou rise, stars teach seamen where to sail, + But when thou com'st, they of their courses fail. + Poor travellers though tired, rise at thy sight, + And[205] soldiers make them ready to the fight. + The painful hind by thee to field is sent; + Slow oxen early in the yoke are pent. + Thou coz'nest boys of sleep, and dost betray them + To pedants that with cruel lashes pay them. + Thou mak'st the surety to the lawyer run, + That with one word hath nigh himself undone. 20 + The lawyer and the client hate thy view, + Both whom thou raisest up to toil anew. + By thy means women of their rest are barred, + Thou settst their labouring hands to spin and card. + All[206] could I bear; but that the wench should rise, + Who can endure, save him with whom none lies? + How oft wished I night would not give thee place, + Nor morning stars shun thy uprising face. + How oft that either wind would break thy coach, + Or steeds might fall, forced with thick clouds' approach. 30 + Whither go'st thou, hateful nymph? Memnon the elf + Received his coal-black colour from thyself. + Say that thy love with Cephalus were not known, + Then thinkest thou thy loose life is not shown? + Would Tithon might but talk of thee awhile! + Not one in heaven should be more base and vile. + Thou leav'st his bed, because he's faint through age, + And early mount'st thy hateful carriage: + But held'st[207] thou in thy arms some Cephalus, + Then would'st thou cry, "Stay night, and run not thus." 40 + Dost punish[208] me because years make him wane? + I did not bid thee wed an aged swain. + The moon sleeps with Endymion every day; + Thou art as fair as she, then kiss and play. + Jove, that thou should'st not haste but wait his leisure, + Made two nights one to finish up his pleasure. + I chid[209] no more; she blushed, and therefore heard me, + Yet lingered not the day, but morning scared me. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[204] So Dyce for "from" of the old eds. + +[205] This line is omitted in ed. A. + +[206] Isham copy and ed. A "This." + +[207] Isham copy and ed. A "had'st." + +[208] Isham copy and ed. A "Punish ye me." + +[209] So the Isham copy. The other old eds. "chide." + + + + +ELEGIA XIV.[210] + +Puellam consolatur cui prae nimia cura comae deciderant. + + + Leave colouring thy tresses, I did cry; + Now hast thou left no hairs at all to dye. + But what had been more fair had they been kept? + Beyond thy robes thy dangling locks had swept. + Fear'dst thou to dress them being fine and thin, + Like to the silk the curious[211] Seres spin. + Or threads which spider's slender foot draws out, + Fastening her light web some old beam about? + Not black nor golden were they to our view, + Yet although [n]either, mixed of either's hue; 10 + Such as in hilly Ida's watery plains, + The cedar tall, spoiled of his bark, retains. + Add[212] they were apt to curl a hundred ways, + And did to thee no cause of dolour raise. + Nor hath the needle, or the comb's teeth reft them, + The maid that kembed them ever safely left them. + Oft was she dressed before mine eyes, yet never, + Snatching the comb to beat the wench, outdrive her. + Oft in the morn, her hairs not yet digested, + Half-sleeping on a purple bed she rested; 20 + Yet seemly like a Thracian Bacchanal, + That tired doth rashly[213] on the green grass fall. + When they were slender and like downy moss, + Thy[214] troubled hairs, alas, endured great loss. + How patiently hot irons they did take, + In crooked trannels[215] crispy curls to make. + I cried, "'Tis sin, 'tis sin, these hairs to burn, + They well become thee, then to spare them turn. + Far off be force, no fire to them may reach, + Thy very hairs will the hot bodkin teach." 30 + Lost are the goodly locks, which from their crown, + Phoebus and Bacchus wished were hanging down. + Such were they as Diana[216] painted stands, + All naked holding in her wave-moist hands. + Why dost thy ill-kembed tresses' loss lament? + Why in thy glass dost look, being discontent? + Be not to see with wonted eyes inclined; + To please thyself, thyself put out of mind. + No charmed herbs of any harlot scathed thee, + No faithless witch in Thessal waters bathed thee. 40 + No sickness harmed thee (far be that away!), + No envious tongue wrought thy thick locks' decay. + By thine own hand and fault thy hurt doth grow, + Thou mad'st thy head with compound poison flow. + Now Germany shall captive hair-tires send thee, + And vanquished people curious dressings lend thee. + Which some admiring, O thou oft wilt blush! + And say, "He likes me for my borrowed bush. + Praising for me some unknown Guelder[217] dame, + But I remember when it was my fame." 50 + Alas she almost weeps, and her white cheeks, + Dyed red with shame to hide from shame she seeks. + She holds, and views her old locks in her lap; + Ay me! rare gifts unworthy such a hap! + Cheer up thyself, thy loss thou may'st repair, + And be hereafter seen with native hair. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[210] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[211] The original has "colorati Seres." + +[212] So ed. B.--Ed. C "And." + +[213] "Temere." + +[214] Old eds. "They." + +[215] Cunningham and the editor of 1826 may be right in reading +"trammels" (_i.e._ ringlets). "Trannel" was the name for a bodkin. (The +original has "Ut fieret torto flexilis orbe sinus.") + +[216] "Nuda _Dione_." + +[217] "Nescio quam pro me laudat nunc iste _Sygambram_." + + + + +ELEGIA XV. + +Ad invidos, quod fama poetarum sit perennis. + + + Envy, why carp'st thou my time's spent so ill? + And term'st[218] my works fruits of an idle quill? + Or that unlike the line from whence I sprung[219] + War's dusty honours are refused being young? + Nor that I study not the brawling laws, + Nor set my voice to sail in every cause? + Thy scope is mortal; mine, eternal fame. + That all the world may[220] ever chant my name. + Homer shall live while Tenedos stands and Ide, + Or to[221] the sea swift Simois shall[222] slide. 10 + Ascraeus lives while grapes with new wine swell, + Or men with crooked sickles corn down fell. + The[223] world shall of Callimachus ever speak; + His art excelled, although his wit was weak. + For ever lasts high Sophocles' proud vein, + With sun and moon Aratus shall remain. + While bondmen cheat, fathers [be] hard,[224] bawds whorish, + And strumpets flatter, shall Menander flourish. + Rude Ennius, and Plautus[225] full of wit, + Are both in Fame's eternal legend writ. 20 + What age of Varro's name shall not be told, + And Jason's Argo,[226] and the fleece of gold? + Lofty Lucretius shall live that hour, + That nature shall dissolve this earthly bower. + AEneas' war and Tityrus shall be read, + While Rome of all the conquered[227] world is head. + Till Cupid's bow, and fiery shafts be broken, + Thy verses, sweet Tibullus, shall be spoken. + And Gallus shall be known from East to West, + So shall Lycoris whom he loved best. 30 + Therefore when flint and iron wear away, + Verse is immortal and shall ne'er decay. + To[228] verse let kings give place and kingly shows, + And banks o'er which gold-bearing Tagus flows. + Let base-conceited wits admire vild things; + Fair Phoebus lead me to the Muses' springs. + About my head be quivering myrtle wound, + And in sad lovers' heads let me be found. + The living, not the dead, can envy bite, + For after death all men receive their right. 40 + Then though death racks[229] my bones in funeral fire, + I'll live, and as he pulls me down mount higher. + + +The same, by B. I.[230] + + Envy, why twitt'st thou me, my time's spent ill? + And call'st my verse fruits of an idle quill? + Or that (unlike the line from whence I sprung) + War's dusty honours I pursue not young? + Or that I study not the tedious laws; + And prostitute my voice in every cause? + Thy scope is mortal; mine eternal fame, + Which through the world shall ever chant my name. + Homer will live, whilst Tenedos stands, and Ide, + Or to the sea, fleet Symois doth slide: 10 + And so shall Hesiod too, while vines do bear, + Or crooked sickles crop the ripened ear. + Callimachus, though in invention low, + Shall still be sung, since he in art doth flow; + No loss shall come to Sophocles' proud vein; + With sun and moon Aratus shall remain. + Whilst slaves be false, fathers hard, and bawds be whorish, + Whilst harlots flatter, shall Meander flourish. + Ennius, though rude, and Accius' high-reared strain, + A fresh applause in every age shall gain. 20 + Of Varro's name, what ear shall not be told? + Of Jason's Argo and the fleece of gold? + Then, shall Lucretius' lofty numbers die, + When earth, and seas in fire and flames shall fry. + Tityrus, Tillage, AEney shall be read,[231] + Whilst Rome of all the conquered world is head. + Till Cupid's fires be out, and his bow broken, + Thy verses, neat Tibulus, shall be spoken. + Our Gallus shall be known from East to West, + So shall Lycoris, whom he now loves best. 30 + The suffering ploughshare or the flint may wear, + But heavenly poesy no death can fear. + Kings shall give place to it, and kingly shows, + The banks o'er which gold-bearing Tagus flows. + Kneel hinds to trash: me let bright Phoebus swell, + With cups full flowing from the Muses' well. + The frost-drad[232] myrtle shall impale my head, + And of sad lovers I'll be often read. + Envy the living, not the dead doth bite, + For after death all men receive their right. 40 + Then when this body falls in funeral fire, + My name shall live, and my best part aspire. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[218] Isham copy and ed. A "tearmes our." + +[219] Dyce's correction for "come" of the old eds. + +[220] Isham copy and ed. A "might." + +[221] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Dyce follows ed. B, "Or into sea." + +[222] So old eds.--Dyce "doth." + +[223] Isham copy and ed. A omit this line and the next. + +[224] So Dyce.--Old eds. "fathers hoord." ("_Durus_ pater.") + +[225] The poet must have read "animosi _Maccius_ oris." The true reading +is "animosique _Accius_ oris." + +[226] Old eds. "Argos." + +[227] Isham copy and ed. A "conquering." + +[228] Isham copy and ed. A "Let kings give place to verse." + +[229] So the Isham copy.--Ed. A (followed by Dyce) gives "rocks."--Eds. +B and C "rakes" (and so Cunningham). + +[230] _I.e._ Ben Jonson, who afterwards introduced it into the +_Poetaster_ (I. 1). This version is merely a revision of the preceding, +which must also have been written by Ben Jonson. + +[231] "Tityrus et fruges AEneiaque arma legentur." + +[232] "Metuentem frigora myrtum." + + + + +P. OVIDII NASONIS AMORUM. + +LIBER SECUNDUS. + + + + +ELEGIA I.[233] + +Quod pro gigantomachia amores scribere sit coactus. + + + I, Ovid, poet, of my[234] wantonness, + Born at Peligny, to write more address. + So Cupid wills. Far hence be the severe! + You are unapt my looser lines to hear. + Let maids whom hot desire to husbands lead,[235] + And rude boys, touched with unknown love, me read: + That some youth hurt, as I am, with Love's bow, + His own flame's best-acquainted signs may know. + And long admiring say, "By what means learned, + Hath this same poet my sad chance discern'd?" 10 + I durst the great celestial battles tell, + Hundred-hand Gyges, and had done it well; + With Earth's revenge, and how Olympus top + High Ossa bore, Mount Pelion up to prop; + Jove and Jove's thunderbolts I had in hand, + Which for[236] his heaven fell on the giants' band. + My wench her door shut, Jove's affairs I left, + Even Jove himself out of my wit was reft. + Pardon me, Jove! thy weapons aid me nought, + Her shut gates greater lightning than thine brought. 20 + Toys, and light elegies, my darts I took, + Quickly soft words hard doors wide-open strook. + Verses reduce the horned bloody moon, + And call the sun's white horses back[237] at noon. + Snakes leap by verse from caves of broken mountains,[238] + And turned streams run backward to their fountains. + Verses ope doors; and locks put in the post, + Although of oak, to yield to verses boast. + What helps it me of fierce Achill to sing? + What good to me will either Ajax bring? 30 + Or he who warred and wandered twenty year? + Or woful Hector whom wild jades did tear? + But when I praise a pretty wench's face, + She in requital doth me oft embrace. + A great reward! Heroes of[239] famous names + Farewell! your favour nought my mind inflames. + Wenches apply your fair looks to my verse, + Which golden Love doth unto me rehearse. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[233] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[234] Old eds. "thy." + +[235] A clear instance of a plural verb following a singular subject. + +[236] "Quod bene pro coelo mitteret ille suo." + +[237] Old eds. "blacke." + +[238] "Carmine dissiliunt, _abruptis faucibus_, angues." ("Fauces" means +both "jaw" and "mountain-gorge." Marlowe has gone desperately wrong.) + +[239] Old eds. "O." + + + + +ELEGIA II.[240] + +Ad Bagoum, ut custodiam puellae sibi commissae laxiorem habeat. + + + Bagous, whose care doth thy[241] mistress bridle, + While I speak some few, yet fit words, be idle. + I saw the damsel walking yesterday, + There, where the porch doth Danaus' fact[242] display: + She pleased me soon; I sent, and did her woo; + Her trembling hand writ back she might not do. + And asking why, this answer she redoubled, + Because thy care too much thy mistress troubled. + Keeper, if thou be wise, cease hate to cherish, + Believe me, whom we fear, we wish to perish. 10 + Nor is her husband wise: what needs defence, + When unprotected[243] there is no expense? + But furiously he follow[244] his love's fire, + And thinks her chaste whom many do desire: + Stolen liberty she may by thee obtain, + Which giving her, she may give thee again: + Wilt thou her fault learn? she may make thee tremble. + Fear to be guilty, then thou may'st dissemble. + Think when she reads, her mother letters sent her: + Let him go forth known, that unknown did enter. 20 + Let him go see her though she do not languish, + And then report her sick and full of anguish. + If long she stays, to think the time more short, + Lay down thy forehead in thy lap to snort. + Inquire not what with Isis may be done, + Nor fear lest she to the theatres run. + Knowing her scapes, thine honour shall increase; + And what less labour than to hold thy peace? + Let him please, haunt the house, be kindly used, + Enjoy the wench; let all else be refused. 30 + Vain causes feign of him, the true to hide, + And what she likes, let both hold ratified. + When most her husband bends the brows and frowns, + His fawning wench with her desire he crowns. + But yet sometimes to chide thee let her fall + Counterfeit tears: and thee lewd hangman call. + Object thou then, what she may well excuse, + To stain all faith in truth, by false crimes' use. + Of wealth and honour so shall grow thy heap: + Do this, and soon thou shalt thy freedom reap. 40 + On tell-tales' necks thou seest the link-knit chains, + The filthy prison faithless breasts restrains. + Water in waters, and fruit, flying touch, + Tantalus seeks, his long tongue's gain is such. + While Juno's watchman Ioe too much eyed, + Him timeless[245] death took, she was deified. + I saw one's legs with fetters black and blue, + By whom the husband his wife's incest[246] knew: + More he deserved; to both great harm he framed, + The man did grieve, the woman was defamed. 50 + Trust me all husbands for such faults are sad, + Nor make they any man that hears them glad. + If he loves not, deaf ears thou dost importune, + Or if he loves, thy tale breeds his misfortune. + Nor is it easy proved though manifest; + She safe by favour of her judge doth rest. + Though himself see, he'll credit her denial, + Condemn his eyes, and say there is no trial. + Spying his mistress' tears he will lament + And say "This blab shall suffer punishment." 60 + Why fight'st 'gainst odds? to thee, being cast, do hap + Sharp stripes; she sitteth in the judge's lap. + To meet for poison or vild facts[247] we crave not; + My hands an unsheathed shining weapon have not. + We seek that, through thee, safely love we may; + What can be easier than the thing we pray? + +FOOTNOTES: + +[240] Not in Isham copy or ed. "A." + +[241] So ed. B.--Ed. C "my." + +[242] The original has "agmen." Cunningham suggests "pack." If we retain +"fact" the meaning is "Danaus' guilt." + +[243] Old eds. "vn-protested." ("Unde nihil, quamvis non tueare, +perit.") + +[244] So ed. B.--Ed. C "follows." (The sense wanted is "Furiously let +him follow" &c.) + +[245] "Ante suos annos occidit." + +[246] "Unde vir incestum scire coactus erat." (Here "incestum" is +"adultery.") + +[247] "Scelus." + + + + +ELEGIA III.[248] + +Ad Eunuchum servantem dominam. + + + Ay me, an eunuch keeps my mistress chaste, + That cannot Venus' mutual pleasure taste. + Who first deprived young boys of their best part, + With self-same wounds he gave, he ought to smart. + To kind requests thou would'st more gentle prove, + If ever wench had made lukewarm thy love: + Thou wert not born to ride, or arms to bear, + Thy hands agree not with the warlike spear. + Men handle those; all manly hopes resign, + Thy mistress' ensigns must be likewise thine. 10 + Please her--her hate makes others thee abhor; + If she discards thee, what use serv'st thou for? + Good form there is, years apt to play together: + Unmeet is beauty without use to wither. + She may deceive thee, though thou her protect; + What two determine never wants effect. + Our prayers move thee to assist our drift, + While thou hast time yet to bestow that gift. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[248] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + + + + +ELEGIA IV. + +Quod amet mulieres, cujuscunque formae sint. + + + I mean not to defend the scapes[249] of any, + Or justify my vices being many; + For I confess, if that might merit favour, + Here I display my lewd and loose behaviour. + I loathe, yet after that I loathe I run: + Oh, how the burthen irks, that we should[250] shun. + I cannot rule myself but where Love please; + Am[251] driven like a ship upon rough seas. + No one face likes me best, all faces move, + A hundred reasons make me ever love. 10 + If any eye me with a modest look, + I burn,[252] and by that blushful glance am took; + And she that's coy I like, for being no clown, + Methinks she would be nimble when she's down. + Though her sour looks a Sabine's brow resemble, + I think she'll do, but deeply can dissemble. + If she be learned, then for her skill I crave her; + If not, because she's simple I would have her. + Before Callimachus one prefers me far; + Seeing she likes my books, why should we jar? 20 + Another rails at me, and that I write, + Yet would I lie with her, if that I might: + Trips she, it likes me well; plods she, what than[253]? + She would be nimbler lying with a man. + And when one sweetly sings, then straight I long, + To quaver on her lips even in her song; + Or if one touch the lute with art and cunning, + Who would not love those hands[254] for their swift running? + And her I like that with a majesty, + Folds up her arms, and makes low courtesy. 30 + To[255] leave myself, that am in love with all, + Some one of these might make the chastest fall. + If she be tall, she's like an Amazon, + And therefore fills the bed she lies upon: + If short, she lies the rounder: to speak[256] troth, + Both short and long please me, for I love both. + I[257] think what one undecked would be, being drest; + Is she attired? then show her graces best. + A white wench thralls me, so doth golden yellow: + And nut-brown girls in doing have no fellow. 40 + If her white neck be shadowed with black hair, + Why so was Leda's, yet was Leda fair. + Amber-tress'd[258] is she? then on the morn think I: + My love alludes to every history: + A young wench pleaseth, and an old is good, + This for her looks, that for her womanhood: + Nay what is she, that any Roman loves, + But my ambitious ranging mind approves? + +FOOTNOTES: + +[249] "Mendosos ... mores." + +[250] "Heu quam, quae studeas ponere, ferre grave est." + +[251] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "And." + +[252] This is Dyce's certain correction for the old eds. "blush." (The +originals has "uror.") + +[253] Then. + +[254] Ed. A "those _nimble_ hands." + +[255] + + "Ut taceam de me, qui causa tangor ab omni, + Illic Hippolytum pone, Priapus erit." + +[256] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "say." + +[257] This and the next three lines are omitted in Isham copy and ed. A. + +[258] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "yellow trest." + + + + +ELEGIA V.[259] + +Ad amicam corruptam. + + + No love is so dear,--quivered Cupid, fly!-- + That my chief wish should be so oft to die. + Minding thy fault, with death I wish to revel; + Alas! a wench is a perpetual evil. + No intercepted lines thy deeds display, + No gifts given secretly thy crime bewray. + O would my proofs as vain might be withstood! + Ay me, poor soul, why is my cause so good? + He's happy, that his love dares boldly credit; + To whom his wench can say, "I never did it." 10 + He's cruel, and too much his grief doth favour, + That seeks the conquest by her loose behaviour. + Poor wretch,[260] I saw when thou didst think I slumbered; + Not drunk, your faults on the spilt wine I numbered. + I saw your nodding eyebrows much to speak, + Even from your cheeks, part of a voice did break. + Not silent were thine eyes, the board with wine + Was scribbled, and thy fingers writ a line. + I knew your speech (what do not lovers see?) + And words that seemed for certain marks to be. 20 + Now many guests were gone, the feast being done, + The youthful sort to divers pastimes run. + I saw you then unlawful kisses join; + (Such with my tongue it likes me to purloin); + None such the sister gives her brother grave, + But such kind wenches let their lovers have. + Phoebus gave not Diana such, 'tis thought, + But Venus often to her Mars such brought. + "What dost?" I cried; "transport'st thou my delight? + My lordly hands I'll throw upon my right. 30 + Such bliss is only common to us two, + In this sweet good why hath a third to do?" + This, and what grief enforced me say, I said: + A scarlet blush her guilty face arrayed; + Even such as by Aurora hath the sky, + Or maids that their betrothed husbands spy; + Such as a rose mixed with a lily breeds, + Or when the moon travails with charmed steeds. + Or such as, lest long years should turn the dye, + Arachne[261] stains Assyrian ivory. 40 + To these, or some of these, like was her colour: + By chance her beauty never shined fuller. + She viewed the earth; the earth to view, beseemed her. + She looked sad; sad, comely I esteemed her. + Even kembed as they were, her locks to rend, + And scratch her fair soft cheeks I did intend. + Seeing her face, mine upreared arms descended, + With her own armour was my wench defended. + I, that erewhile was fierce, now humbly sue, + Lest with worse kisses she should me endue. 50 + She laughed, and kissed so sweetly as might make + Wrath-kindled Jove away his thunder shake. + I grieve lest others should such good perceive, + And wish hereby them all unknown[262] to leave. + Also much better were they than I tell, + And ever seemed as some new sweet befell. + 'Tis ill they pleased so much, for in my lips + Lay her whole tongue hid, mine in hers she dips. + This grieves me not; no joined kisses spent, + Bewail I only, though I them lament. 60 + Nowhere can they be taught but in the bed; + I know no master of so great hire sped.[263] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[259] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[260] So Dyce for "Poor _wench_" of the old eds.--The original has "Ipse +miser vidi." + +[261] "Maeonis Assyrium femina tinxit opus." Dyce remarks that Marlowe +"was induced to give this extraordinary version of the line by +recollecting that in the sixth book of Ovid's _Metamorphoses_ Arachne is +termed 'Maeonis,' while her father is mentioned as a dyer." + +[262] A bad mistranslation of "Et volo non ex hac illa fuisse nota." + +[263] Far from the original "Nescio quis pretium grande magister habet." + + + + +ELEGIA VI.[264] + +In mortem psittaci. + + + The parrot, from East India to me sent,[265] + Is dead; all fowls her exequies frequent! + Go godly[266] birds, striking your breasts, bewail, + And with rough claws your tender cheeks assail. + For woful hairs let piece-torn plumes abound, + For long shrild[267] trumpets let your notes resound. + Why Philomel dost Tereus' lewdness mourn? + All wasting years have that complaint now[268] worn. + Thy tunes let this rare bird's sad funeral borrow; + Itys[269] a great, but ancient cause of sorrow. 10 + All you whose pinions in the clear air soar, + But most, thou friendly turtle-dove, deplore. + Full concord all your lives was you betwixt, + And to the end your constant faith stood fixt. + What Pylades did to Orestes prove, + Such to the parrot was the turtle-dove. + But what availed this faith? her rarest hue? + Or voice that how to change the wild notes knew? + What helps it thou wert given to please my wench? + Birds' hapless glory, death thy life doth quench. 20 + Thou with thy quills might'st make green emeralds dark, + And pass our scarlet of red saffron's mark. + No such voice-feigning bird was on the ground, + Thou spok'st thy words so well with stammering sound. + Envy hath rapt thee, no fierce wars thou mov'dst; + Vain-babbling speech, and pleasant peace thou lov'dst. + Behold how quails among their battles live, + Which do perchance old age unto them give. + A little filled thee, and for love of talk, + Thy mouth to taste of many meats did balk. 30 + Nuts were thy food, and poppy caused thee sleep, + Pure water's moisture thirst away did keep. + The ravenous vulture lives, the puttock[270] hovers + Around the air, the cadess[271] rain discovers. + And crow[272] survives arms-bearing Pallas' hate, + Whose life nine ages scarce bring out of date. + Dead is that speaking image of man's voice, + The parrot given me, the far world's[273] best choice. + The greedy spirits[274] take the best things first, + Supplying their void places with the worst. 40 + Thersites did Protesilaus survive; + And Hector died, his brothers yet alive. + My wench's vows for thee what should I show, + Which stormy south winds into sea did blow? + The seventh day came, none following might'st thou see, + And the Fate's distaff empty stood to thee: + Yet words in thy benumbed palate rung; + "Farewell, Corinna," cried thy dying tongue. + Elysium hath a wood of holm-trees black, + Whose earth doth not perpetual green grass lack. 50 + There good birds rest (if we believe things hidden), + Whence unclean fowls are said to be forbidden. + There harmless swans feed all abroad the river; + There lives the phoenix, one alone bird ever; + There Juno's bird displays his gorgeous feather, + And loving doves kiss eagerly together. + The parrot into wood received with these, + Turns all the godly[275] birds to what she please. + A grave her bones hides: on her corps' great grave, + The little stones these little verses have. 60 + _This tomb approves I pleased my mistress well + My mouth in speaking did all birds excell._ + +FOOTNOTES: + +[264] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[265] Dyce remarks that Marlowe's copy had "ales mihi missus" for +"imitatrix ales." + +[266] So Dyce for "goodly" of the old eds. ("piae volucres"). + +[267] Shrill. + +[268] So Dyce for "not" of the old eds. + +[269] So Dyce for "It is as great." + +[270] "Miluus." + +[271] "Graculus." + +[272] Old eds. "crowes." + +[273] Old eds. "words." + +[274] Marlowe was very weak in Latin prosedy. The original has "manibus +rapiuntur avaris." + +[275] Old eds. "goodly" ("_pias_ volueres"). + + + + +ELEGIA VII.[276] + +Amicae se purgat, quod ancillam non amet. + + + Dost me of new crimes always guilty frame? + To overcome, so oft to fight I shame. + If on the marble theatre I look, + One among many is, to grieve thee, took. + If some fair wench me secretly behold, + Thou arguest she doth secret marks unfold. + If I praise any, thy poor hairs thou tearest; + If blame, dissembling of my fault thou fearest. + If I look well, thou think'st thou dost not move, + If ill, thou say'st I die for others' love. 10 + Would I were culpable of some offence, + They that deserve pain, bear't with patience. + Now rash accusing, and thy vain belief, + Forbid thine anger to procure my grief. + Lo, how the miserable great-eared ass, + Dulled with much beating, slowly forth doth pass! + Behold Cypassis, wont to dress thy head, + Is charged to violate her mistress' bed! + The gods from this sin rid me of suspicion, + To like a base wench of despised condition. 20 + With Venus' game who will a servant grace? + Or any back, made rough with stripes, embrace? + Add she was diligent thy locks to braid, + And, for her skill, to thee a grateful maid. + Should I solicit her that is so just,-- + To take repulse, and cause her show my lust? + I swear by Venus, and the winged boy's bow, + Myself unguilty of this crime I know. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[276] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + + + + +ELEGIA VIII.[277] + +Ad Cypassim ancillam Corinnae. + + + Cypassis, that a thousand ways trim'st hair, + Worthy to kemb none but a goddess fair, + Our pleasant scapes show thee no clown to be, + Apt to thy mistress, but more apt to me. + Who that our bodies were comprest bewrayed? + Whence knows Corinna that with thee I played? + Yet blushed I not, nor used I any saying, + That might be urged to witness our false playing. + What if a man with bondwomen offend, + To prove him foolish did I e'er contend? 10 + Achilles burnt with face of captive Briseis, + Great Agamemnon loved his servant Chryseis.[278] + Greater than these myself I not esteem: + What graced kings, in me no shame I deem. + But when on thee her angry eyes did rush, + In both thy[279] cheeks she did perceive thee[280] blush. + But being present,[281] might that work the best, + By Venus deity how did I protest! + Thou goddess dost command a warm south blast, + My self oaths in Carpathian seas to cast. 20 + For which good turn my sweet reward repay, + Let me lie with thee, brown Cypass, to-day. + Ungrate, why feign'st new fears, and dost refuse? + Well may'st thou one thing for thy mistress use.[282] + If thou deniest, fool, I'll our deeds express, + And as a traitor mine own faults confess; + Telling thy mistress where I was with thee, + How oft, and by what means, we did agree. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[277] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[278] "Serva Phoebas" (_i.e._ Cassandra). + +[279] Old eds. "my." + +[280] So ed. B.--Ed. C "the." + +[281] + + "At quanto, si forte refers, _praesentior_ ipse, + Per Veneris feci numina magna fidem." + +[282] The original has "Unum est e dominis emeruisse satis." + + + + +ELEGIA IX.[283] + +Ad Cupidinem. + + + O Cupid, that dost never cease my smart! + O boy, that liest so slothful in my heart! + Why me that always was the soldier found, + Dost harm, and in thy[284] tents why dost me wound? + Why burns thy brand, why strikes thy bow thy friends? + More glory by thy vanquished foes ascends. + Did not Pelides whom his spear did grieve, + Being required, with speedy help relieve? + Hunters leave taken beasts, pursue the chase, + And than things found do ever further pace. 10 + We people wholly given thee, feel thine-arms, + Thy dull hand stays thy striving enemies' harms. + Dost joy to have thy hooked arrows shaked + In naked bones? love hath my bones left naked. + So many men and maidens without love, + Hence with great laud thou may'st a triumph move. + Rome, if her strength the huge world had not filled, + With strawy cabins now her courts should build. + The weary soldier hath the conquered fields, + His sword, laid by, safe, tho' rude places yields;[285] 20 + The dock inharbours ships drawn from the floods, + Horse freed from service range abroad the woods. + And time it was for me to live in quiet, + That have so oft served pretty wenches' diet. + Yet should I curse a God, if he but said, + "Live without love," so sweet ill is a maid. + For when my loathing it of heat deprives me, + I know not whither my mind's whirlwind drives me. + Even as a headstrong courser bears away + His rider, vainly striving him to stay; 30 + Or as a sudden gale thrusts into sea + The haven-touching bark, now near the lea; + So wavering Cupid brings me back amain, + And purple Love resumes his darts again. + Strike, boy, I offer thee my naked breast, + Here thou hast strength, here thy right hand doth rest. + Here of themselves thy shafts come, as if shot; + Better than I their quiver knows them not: + Hapless is he that all the night lies quiet. + And slumbering, thinks himself much blessed by it. 40 + Fool, what is sleep but image of cold death, + Long shalt thou rest when Fates expire thy breath. + But me let crafty damsel's words deceive, + Great joys by hope I inly shall conceive. + Now let her flatter me, now chide me hard, + Let me[286] enjoy her oft, oft be debarred. + Cupid, by thee, Mars in great doubt doth trample, + And thy stepfather fights by thy example. + Light art thou, and more windy than thy wings; + Joys with uncertain faith thou tak'st and brings: 50 + Yet Love, if thou with thy fair mother hear, + Within my breast no desert empire bear; + Subdue the wandering wenches to thy reign, + So of both people shalt thou homage gain. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[283] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[284] So ed. B.--Ed. C "my." + +[285] In some strange fashion Marlowe has mistaken the substantive +"rudis" (the staff received by the gladiator on his discharge) with the +adjective "rudis" (rude). The original has "Tutaque deposito poscitur +ense rudis." + +[286] Old eds. "Let her enjoy me;" but the original has "Saepe fruar +domina." + + + + +ELEGIA X. + +Ad Graecinum quod eodem tempore duas amet. + + + Graecinus (well I wot) thou told'st me once, + I could not be in love with two at once; + By thee deceived, by thee surprised am I, + For now I love two women equally: + Both are well favoured, both rich in array, + Which is the loveliest[287] it is hard to say: + This seems the fairest, so doth that to me; + And[288] this doth please me most, and so doth she; + Even as a boat tossed by contrary wind, + So with this love and that wavers my mind. 10 + Venus, why doublest thou my endless smart? + Was not one wench enough to grieve my heart? + Why add'st thou stars to heaven, leaves to green woods, + And to the deep[289] vast sea fresh water-floods? + Yet this is better far than lie alone: + Let such as be mine enemies have none; + Yea, let my foes sleep in an empty bed, + And in the midst their bodies largely spread: + But may soft[290] love rouse up my drowsy eyes, + And from my mistress' bosom let me rise! 20 + Let one wench cloy me with sweet love's delight, + If one can do't; if not, two every night. + Though I am slender, I have store of pith, + Nor want I strength, but weight, to press her with: + Pleasure adds fuel to my lustful fire, + I pay them home with that they most desire: + Oft have I spent the night in wantonness, + And in the morn been lively ne'ertheless, + He's happy who Love's mutual skirmish slays; + And to the gods for that death Ovid prays. 30 + Let soldiers[291] chase their enemies amain, + And with their blood eternal honour gain, + Let merchants seek wealth and[292] with perjured lips, + Being wrecked, carouse the sea tired by their ships; + But when I die, would I might droop with doing, + And in the midst thereof, set[293] my soul going, + That at my funerals some may weeping cry, + "Even as he led his life, so did he die." + +FOOTNOTES: + +[287] "Artibus in dubio est haec sit an illa prior." Dyce suggests that +Marlowe read "Artubus." + +[288] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[289] Eds. B, C, "vast deep sea." + +[290] The original has "saevus" (for which Marlowe seems to have read +"suavis"). + +[291] Isham copy and ed. A "souldiour ... his," and in the next line +"his blood." + +[292] So Cunningham for-- + + "Let merchants seek wealth with perjured lips + _And_ being wrecked," &c. + +[293] So Isham copy and eds. B, C--Ed. A "let." + + + + +ELEGIA XI.[294] + +Ad amicam navigantem. + + + The lofty pine, from high Mount Pelion raught,[295] + Ill ways by rough seas wondering waves first taught; + Which rashly 'twixt the sharp rocks in the deep, + Carried the famous golden-fleeced sheep. + O would that no oars might in seas have sunk! + The Argo[296] wrecked had deadly waters drunk. + Lo, country gods and know[n] bed to forsake + Corinna means, and dangerous ways to take. + For thee the East and West winds make me pale, + With icy Boreas, and the Southern gale. 10 + Thou shalt admire no woods or cities there, + The unjust seas all bluish do appear. + The ocean hath no painted stones or shells, + The sucking[297] shore with their abundance swells. + Maids on the shore, with marble-white feet tread, + So far 'tis safe; but to go farther, dread. + Let others tell how winds fierce battles wage, + How Scylla's and Charybdis' waters rage; + And with what rock[s] the feared Ceraunia threat; + In what gulf either Syrtes have their seat. 20 + Let others tell this, and what each one speaks + Believe; no tempest the believer wreaks.[298] + Too late you look back, when with anchors weighed, + The crooked bark hath her swift sails displayed. + The careful shipman now fears angry gusts, + And with the waters sees death near him thrusts. + But if that Triton toss the troubled flood, + In all thy face will be no crimson blood. + Then wilt thou Leda's noble twin-stars pray, + And, he is happy whom the earth holds, say. 30 + It is more safe to sleep, to read a book, + The Thracian harp with cunning to have strook. + But if my words with winged storm hence slip, + Yet, Galatea, favour thou her ship. + The loss of such a wench much blame will gather, + Both to the sea-nymphs and the sea-nymphs' father. + Go, minding to return with prosperous wind, + Whose blast may hither strongly be inclined. + Let Nereus bend the waves unto this shore, + Hither the winds blow, here the spring-tide roar. 40 + Request mild Zephyr's help for thy avail, + And with thy hand assist thy swelling sail. + I from the shore thy known ship first will see, + And say it brings her that preserveth me. + I'll clip[299] and kiss thee with all contentation; + For thy return shall fall the vowed oblation; + And in the form of beds we'll strew soft sand; + Each little hill shall for a table stand: + There, wine being filled, thou many things shalt tell, + How, almost wrecked, thy ship in main seas fell. 50 + And hasting to me, neither darksome night, + Nor violent south-winds did thee aught affright, + I'll think all true, though it be feigned matter! + Mine own desires why should myself not flatter? + Let the bright day-star cause in heaven this day be, + To bring that happy time so soon as may be. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[294] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[295] "Caesa." + +[296] Old eds. "Argos." + +[297] "Bibuli litoris illa mora est." + +[298] Dyce was doubtless right in supposing "wreaks" to be used _metri +causa_ for "wrecks." Cunningham wanted to give the meaning "recks;" but +that meaning does not suit the context. The original has "credenti nulla +procella nocet." + +[299] "Excipiamque humeris." + + + + +ELEGIA XII.[300] + +Exultat, quod amica potitus sit. + + + About my temples go, triumphant bays! + Conquered Corinna in my bosom lays. + She whom her husband, guard, and gate, as foes, + Lest art should win her, firmly did enclose: + That victory doth chiefly triumph merit, + Which without bloodshed doth the prey inherit. + No little ditched towns, no lowly walls, + But to my share a captive damsel falls. + When Troy by ten years' battle tumbled down, + With the Atrides many gained renown: 10 + But I no partner of my glory brook, + Nor can another say his help I took. + I, guide and soldier, won the field and wear her, + I was both horseman, footman, standard-bearer. + Nor in my act hath fortune mingled chance: + O care-got[301] triumph hitherwards advance! + Nor is my war's cause new; but for a queen, + Europe and Asia in firm peace had been; + The Lapiths and the Centaurs, for a woman, + To cruel arms their drunken selves did summon; 20 + A woman forced the Trojans new to enter + Wars, just Latinus, in thy kingdom's centre; + A woman against late-built Rome did send + The Sabine fathers, who sharp wars intend. + I saw how bulls for a white heifer strive, + She looking on them did more courage give. + And me with many, but me[302] without murther, + Cupid commands to move his ensigns further. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[300] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[301] "Cura parte triumphe mea." + +[302] Ed. B "but yet me."--Ed. C "but yet without." + + + + +ELEGIA XIII.[303] + +Ad Isidem, ut parientem Corinnam servet. + + + While rashly her womb's burden she casts out, + Weary Corinna hath her life in doubt. + She, secretly from[304] me, such harm attempted, + Angry I was, but fear my wrath exempted. + But she conceived of me; or I am sure + I oft have done what might as much procure. + Thou that frequent'st Canopus' pleasant fields, + Memphis, and Pharos that sweet date-trees yields, + And where swift Nile in his large channel skipping,[305] + By seven huge mouths into the sea is slipping. 10 + By feared Anubis' visage I thee pray,-- + So in thy temples shall Osiris stay, + And the dull snake about thy offerings creep, + And in thy pomp horned Apis with thee keep,-- + Turn thy looks hither, and in one spare twain: + Thou givest my mistress life, she mine again. + She oft hath served thee upon certain days, + Where the French[306] rout engirt themselves with bays. + On labouring women thou dost pity take, + Whose bodies with their heavy burdens ache; 20 + My wench, Lucina, I entreat thee favour; + Worthy she is, thou should'st in mercy save her. + In white, with incense, I'll thine altars greet, + Myself will bring vowed gifts before thy feet, + Subscribing _Naso with Corinna saved_: + Do but deserve gifts with this title graved. + But, if in so great fear I may advise thee, + To have this skirmish fought let it suffice thee. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[303] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[304] Old eds. "with," which must be a printer's error. (The original +has "clam me.") + +[305] Old eds. "slipping." + +[306] "Gallica turma" (_i.e._ the company of _Galli_, the priests of +Isis). + + + + +ELEGIA XIV.[307] + +In amicam, quod abortivum ipsa fecerit. + + + What helps it woman to be free from war, + Nor, being armed, fierce troops to follow far, + If without battle self-wrought wounds annoy them. + And their own privy-weaponed hands destroy them + Who unborn infants first to slay invented, + Deserved thereby with death to be tormented. + Because thy belly should rough wrinkles lack, + Wilt thou thy womb-inclosed offspring wrack? + Had ancient mothers this vile custom cherished, + All human kind by their default[308] had perished; 10 + Or[309] stones, our stock's original should be hurled, + Again, by some, in this unpeopled world. + Who should have Priam's wealthy substance won, + If watery Thetis had her child fordone? + In swelling womb her twins had Ilia killed, + He had not been that conquering Rome bid build. + Had Venus spoiled her belly's Trojan fruit, + The earth of Caesars had been destitute. + Thou also that wert born fair, had'st decayed, + If such a work thy mother had assayed. 20 + Myself, that better die with loving may, + Had seen, my mother killing me, no[310] day. + Why tak'st increasing grapes from vinetrees full? + With cruel hand why dost green apples pull? + Fruits ripe will fall; let springing things increase; + Life is no light price of a small surcease.[311] + Why with hid irons are your bowels torn? + And why dire poison give you babes unborn? + At Colchis, stained with children's blood, men rail, + And mother-murdered Itys they[312] bewail. 30 + Both unkind parents; but, for causes sad, + Their wedlocks' pledges[313] venged their husbands bad. + What Tereus, what Iaeson you provokes, + To plague your bodies with such harmful strokes? + Armenian tigers never did so ill, + Nor dares the lioness her young whelps kill. + But tender damsels do it, though with pain; + Oft dies she that her paunch-wrapt[314] child hath slain: + She dies, and with loose hairs to grave is sent, + And whoe'er see her, worthily[315] lament. 40 + But in the air let these words come to naught, + And my presages of no weight be thought. + Forgive her, gracious gods, this one delict, + And on the next fault punishment inflict. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[307] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[308] "Vitio." + +[309] Old eds. "On." + +[310] Old eds. "to-day." + +[311] "Est pretium parvae non leve vita morae." + +[312] Dyce's suggestion for "thee" of the old eds. The original has +"Aque sua caesum matre queruntur Ityn." + +[313] + + "Sed tristibus utraque causis + Jactura socii sanguinis ulta virum." + +[314] An inelegant translation of "Saepe suos uteros quae necat ipse +perit." + +[315] Marlowe has given a meaning the very opposite of the original--"Et +clamant 'Merito' qui modo cumque vident." + + + + +ELEGIA XV.[316] + +Ad annulum, quem dono amicae dedit. + + + Thou ring that shalt my fair girl's finger bind, + Wherein is seen the giver's loving mind: + Be welcome to her, gladly let her take thee, + And, her small joints encircling, round hoop make thee. + Fit her so well, as she is fit for me, + And of just compass for her knuckles be. + Blest ring, thou in my mistress' hand shall lie, + Myself, poor wretch, mine own gifts now envy. + O would that suddenly into my gift, + I could myself by secret magic shift! 10 + Then would I wish thee touch my mistress' pap, + And hide thy left hand underneath her lap, + I would get off, though strait and sticking fast, + And in her bosom strangely fall at last. + Then I, that I may seal her privy leaves, + Lest to the wax the hold-fast dry gem cleaves, + Would first my beauteous wench's moist lips touch; + Only I'll sign naught that may grieve me much. + I would not out, might I in one place hit: + But in less compass her small fingers knit. 20 + My life! that I will shame thee never fear, + Or be[317] a load thou should'st refuse to bear. + Wear me, when warmest showers thy members wash, + And through the gem let thy lost waters pash, + But seeing thee, I think my thing will swell, + And even the ring perform a man's part well. + Vain things why wish I? go, small gift, from hand; + Let her my faith, with thee given, understand. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[316] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[317] Old eds. "by." + + + + +ELEGIA XVI.[318] + +Ad amicam, ut ad rura sua veniat. + + + Sulmo, Peligny's third part, me contains, + A small, but wholesome soil with watery veins, + Although the sun to rive[319] the earth incline, + And the Icarian froward dog-star shine; + Pelignian fields with liquid rivers flow, + And on the soft ground fertile green grass grow; + With corn the earth abounds, with vines much more, + And some few pastures Pallas' olives bore; + And by the rising herbs, where clear springs slide, + A grassy turf the moistened earth doth hide. 10 + But absent is my fire; lies I'll tell none, + My heat is here, what moves my heat is gone. + Pollux and Castor, might I stand betwixt, + In heaven without thee would I not be fixt. + Upon the cold earth pensive let them lay, + That mean to travel some long irksome way. + Or else will maidens young men's mates to go, + If they determine to persever so. + Then on the rough Alps should I tread aloft, + My hard way with my mistress would seem soft. 20 + With her I durst the Libyan Syrts break through, + And raging seas in boisterous south-winds plough. + No barking dogs, that Scylla's entrails bear, + Nor thy gulfs, crook'd Malea, would I fear. + No flowing waves with drowned ships forth-poured + By cloyed Charybdis, and again devoured. + But if stern Neptune's windy power prevail, + And waters' force force helping Gods to fail, + With thy white arms upon my shoulders seize; + So sweet a burden I will bear with ease. 30 + The youth oft swimming to his Hero kind, + Had then swum over, but the way was blind. + But without thee, although vine-planted ground + Contains me; though the streams the[320] fields surround; + Though hinds in brooks the running waters bring, + And cool gales shake the tall trees' leafy spring; + Healthful Peligny, I esteem naught worth, + Nor do I like the country of my birth. + Scythia, Cilicia, Britain are as good, + And rocks dyed crimson with Prometheus' blood. 40 + Elms love the vines; the vines with elms abide, + Why doth my mistress from me oft divide? + Thou swear'dst,[321] division should not twixt us rise, + By me, and by my stars, thy radiant eyes; + Maids' words more vain and light than falling leaves, + Which, as it seems, hence wind and sea bereaves. + If any godly care of me thou hast, + Add deeds unto thy promises at last. + And with swift nags drawing thy little coach + (Their reins let loose), right soon my house approach. 50 + But when she comes, you[322] swelling mounts, sink down, + And falling valleys be the smooth ways' crown.[323] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[318] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[319] "Findat." + +[320] Ed. B "in fields."--Ed. C "in field." + +[321] Old eds. "swearest." + +[322] Old eds. "your." + +[323] "Et faciles curvis vallibus este viae." + + + + +ELEGIA XVII.[324] + +Quod Corinnae soli sit serviturus. + + + To serve a wench if any think it shame, + He being judge, I am convinced of blame. + Let me be slandered, while my fire she hides, + That Paphos, and[325] flood-beat Cythera guides. + Would I had been my mistress' gentle prey, + Since some fair one I should of force obey. + Beauty gives heart; Corinna's looks excell; + Ay me, why is it known to her so well? + But by her glass disdainful pride she learns, + Nor she herself, but first trimmed up, discerns. 10 + Not though thy face in all things make thee reign, + (O face, most cunning mine eyes to detain!) + Thou ought'st therefore to scorn me for thy mate, + Small things with greater may be copulate. + Love-snared Calypso is supposed to pray + A mortal nymph's[326] refusing lord to stay. + Who doubts, with Peleus Thetis did consort, + Egeria with just Numa had good sport. + Venus with Vulcan, though, smith's tools laid by, + With his stump foot he halts ill-favouredly. 20 + This kind of verse is not alike; yet fit, + With shorter numbers the heroic sit. + And thou, my light, accept me howsoever; + Lay in the mid bed, there be my lawgiver. + My stay no crime, my flight no joy shall breed, + Nor of our love, to be ashamed we need. + For great revenues I good verses have, + And many by me to get glory crave. + I know a wench reports herself Corinne; + What would not she give that fair name to win? 30 + But sundry floods in one bank never go, + Eurotas cold, and poplar-bearing Po; + Nor in my books shall one but thou be writ, + Thou dost alone give matter to my wit. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[324] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[325] Old eds. "and the." + +[326] Marlowe reads "nymphae" for "nymphe." + + + + +ELEGIA XVIII.[327] + +Ad Macrum, quod de amoribus scribat. + + + To tragic verse while thou Achilles train'st, + And new sworn soldiers' maiden arms retain'st, + We, Macer, sit in Venus' slothful shade, + And tender love hath great things hateful made. + Often at length, my wench depart I bid, + She in my lap sits still as erst she did. + I said, "It irks me:" half to weeping framed, + "Ay me!" she cries, "to love why art ashamed?" + Then wreathes about my neck her winding arms, + And thousand kisses gives, that work my harms: 10 + I yield, and back my wit from battles bring, + Domestic acts, and mine own wars to sing. + Yet tragedies, and sceptres fill'd my lines, + But though I apt were for such high designs, + Love laughed at my cloak, and buskins painted, + And rule, so soon with private hands acquainted. + My mistress' deity also drew me fro it, + And love triumpheth o'er his buskined poet. + What lawful is, or we profess love's art: + (Alas, my precepts turn myself to smart!) 20 + We write, or what Penelope sends Ulysses, + Or Phillis' tears that her Demophoon misses. + What thankless Jason, Macareus, and Paris, + Phedra, and Hippolyte may read, my care is. + And what poor Dido, with her drawn sword sharp, + Doth say, with her that loved the Aonian harp. + As[328] soon as from strange lands Sabinus came, + And writings did from divers places frame, + White-cheeked Penelope knew Ulysses' sign, + The step-dame read Hippolytus' lustless line. 30 + AEneas to Elisa answer gives, + And Phillis hath to read, if now she lives. + Jason's sad letter doth Hypsipyle greet; + Sappho her vowed harp lays at Phoebus' feet. + Nor of thee, Macer, that resound'st forth arms, + Is golden love hid in Mars' mid alarms. + There Paris is, and Helen's crimes record, + With Laodamia, mate to her dead lord, + Unless I err to these thou more incline, + Than wars, and from thy tents wilt come to mine. 40 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[327] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[328] The original has "Quam cito de toto rediit meus orbe Sabinus," &c. + + + + +ELEGIA XIX.[329] + +Ad rivalem cui uxor curae non erat. + + + Fool, if to keep thy wife thou hast no need, + Keep her from me, my more desire to breed; + We scorn things lawful; stolen sweets we affect; + Cruel is he that loves whom none protect. + Let us, both lovers, hope and fear alike, + And may repulse place for our wishes strike.[330] + What should I do with fortune that ne'er fails me? + Nothing I love that at all times avails me. + Wily Corinna saw this blemish in me, + And craftily knows by what means to win me. 10 + Ah, often, that her hale[331] head ached, she lying, + Willed me, whose slow feet sought delay, be flying! + Ah, oft, how much she might, she feigned offence; + And, doing wrong, made show of innocence. + So, having vexed, she nourished my warm fire, + And was again most apt to my desire. + To please me, what fair terms and sweet words has she! + Great gods! what kisses, and how many ga'[332] she! + Thou also that late took'st mine eyes away, + Oft cozen[333] me, oft, being wooed, say nay; 20 + And on thy threshold let me lie dispread, + Suff'ring much cold by hoary night's frost bred. + So shall my love continue many years; + This doth delight me, this my courage cheers. + Fat love, and too much fulsome, me annoys, + Even as sweet meat a glutted stomach cloys. + In brazen tower had not Danaee dwelt, + A mother's joy by Jove she had not felt. + While Juno Ioe keeps, when horns she wore, + Jove liked her better than he did before. 30 + Who covets lawful things takes leaves from woods, + And drinks stolen waters in surrounding floods. + Her lover let her mock that long will reign: + Ay me, let not my warnings cause my pain! + Whatever haps, by sufferance harm is done, + What flies I follow, what follows me I shun. + But thou, of thy fair damsel too secure, + Begin to shut thy house at evening sure. + Search at the door who knocks oft in the dark, + In night's deep silence why the ban-dogs[334] bark. 40 + Whither[335] the subtle maid lines[336] brings and carries, + Why she alone in empty bed oft tarries. + Let this care sometimes bite thee to the quick, + That to deceits it may me forward prick. + To steal sands from the shore he loves a-life[337] + That can affect[338] a foolish wittol's wife. + Now I forewarn, unless to keep her stronger + Thou dost begin, she shall be mine no longer. + Long have I borne much, hoping time would beat thee + To guard her well, that well I might entreat thee.[339] 50 + Thou suffer'st what no husband can endure, + But of my love it will an end procure. + Shall I, poor soul, be never interdicted? + Nor never with night's sharp revenge afflicted. + In sleeping shall I fearless draw my breath? + Wilt nothing do, why I should wish thy death? + Can I but loathe a husband grown a bawd? + By thy default thou dost our joys defraud. + Some other seek that may in patience strive with thee, + To pleasure me, forbid me to corrive with thee.[340] 60 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[329] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[330] "Et faciat voto rara repulsa locum." + +[331] Old eds, "haole"--The construction is not plain without a +reference to the original:-- + + "Ah, quotiens sani capitis mentita dolores, + Cunctantem tardo jussit abire pede." + +[332] So Dyce for "gave" of the old eds. + +[333] The reading of the original is "Saepe time insidias." + +[334] Dogs tied up on account of their fierceness. + +[335] Old eds. "Whether" (a common form of "whither"). + +[336] "Tabellas." + +[337] As dearly as life. + +[338] Old eds. "effect." + +[339] + + "Multa diuque tuli; speravi saepe futurum + Cum bene servasses ut bene verba darem." + +[340] "Me tibi rivalem si juvat esse, veta." + + + + +P. OVIDII MASONIS AMORUM. + +LIBER TERTIUS. + + + + +ELEGIA I.[341] + +Deliberatio poetae, utrum elegos pergat scribere an potius tragoedias. + + + An old wood stands, uncut of long years' space, + 'Tis credible some godhead[342] haunts the place. + In midst thereof a stone-paved sacred spring, + Where round about small birds most sweetly sing. + Here while I walk, hid close in shady grove, + To find what work my muse might move, I strove, + Elegia came with hairs perfumed sweet, + And one, I think, was longer, of her feet: + A decent form, thin robe, a lover's look, + By her foot's blemish greater grace she took. 10 + Then with huge steps came violent Tragedy, + Stern was her front, her cloak[343] on ground did lie. + Her left hand held abroad a regal sceptre, + The Lydian buskin [in] fit paces kept her. + And first she[344] said, "When will thy love be spent, + O poet careless of thy argument? + Wine-bibbing banquets tell thy naughtiness, + Each cross-way's corner doth as much express. + Oft some points at the prophet passing by, + And, 'This is he whom fierce love burns,' they cry. 20 + A laughing-stock thou art to all the city; + While without shame thou sing'st thy lewdness' ditty. + 'Tis time to move great things in lofty style, + Long hast thou loitered; greater works compile. + The subject hides thy wit; men's acts resound; + This thou wilt say to be a worthy ground. + Thy muse hath played what may mild girls content, + And by those numbers is thy first youth spent. + Now give the Roman Tragedy a name, + To fill my laws thy wanton spirit frame." 30 + This said, she moved her buskins gaily varnished, + And seven times shook her head with thick locks garnished. + The other smiled (I wot), with wanton eyes: + Err I, or myrtle in her right hand lies? + "With lofty words stout Tragedy," she said, + "Why tread'st me down? art thou aye gravely play'd? + Thou deign'st unequal lines should thee rehearse; + Thou fight'st against me using mine own verse. + Thy lofty style with mine I not compare, + Small doors unfitting for large houses are. 40 + Light am I, and with me, my care, light Love; + Not stronger am I, than the thing I move. + Venus without me should be rustical: + This goddess' company doth to me befal. + What gate thy stately words cannot unlock, + My flattering speeches soon wide open knock. + And I deserve more than thou canst in verity, + By suffering much not borne by thy severity. + By me Corinna learns, cozening her guard, + To get the door with little noise unbarred; 50 + And slipped from bed, clothed in a loose nightgown, + To move her feet unheard in setting[345] down. + Ah, how oft on hard doors hung I engraved, + From no man's reading fearing to be saved! + But, till the keeper[346] went forth, I forget not, + The maid to hide me in her bosom let not. + What gift with me was on her birthday sent, + But cruelly by her was drowned and rent. + First of thy mind the happy seeds I knew;[347] + Thou hast my gift, which she would from thee sue." 60 + She left;[348] I said, "You both I must beseech, + To empty air[349] may go my fearful speech. + With sceptres and high buskins th' one would dress me, + So through the world should bright renown express me. + The other gives my love a conquering name; + Come, therefore, and to long verse shorter frame. + Grant, Tragedy, thy poet time's least tittle: + Thy labour ever lasts; she asks but little." + She gave me leave; soft loves, in time make haste; + Some greater work will urge me on at last. 70 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[341] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[342] Old eds. "good head." + +[343] So Dyce--Old eds. "looke." ("Palla jacebat humi.") + +[344] Old eds. "he." + +[345] Old eds. "sitting." ("Atque impercussos nocte movere pedes.") + +[346] Ed. B "keepes;" ed. C "keepers." This line and the next are a +translation of:-- + + "Quin ego me memini, dum custos saevus abiret, + Ancillae missam delituisse sinu." + +[347] The original has + + "Prima tuae _movi_ felicia semina mentis." + +(Marlowe's copy read "novi.") + +[348] "Desierat." + +[349] "In vacuas _auras_." (The true reading is "aures.") + + + + +ELEGIA II.[350] + +Ad amicam cursum equorum spectantem. + + I sit not here the noble horse to see; + Yet whom thou favour'st, pray may conqueror be. + To sit and talk with thee I hither came, + That thou may'st know with love thou mak'st me flame. + Thou view'st the course; I thee: let either heed + What please them, and their eyes let either feed. + What horse-driver thou favour'st most is best, + Because on him thy care doth hap to rest. + Such chance let me have: I would bravely run, + On swift steeds mounted till the race were done. 10 + Now would I slack the reins, now lash their hide, + With wheels bent inward now the ring-turn ride, + In running if I see thee, I shall stay, + And from my hands the reins will slip away. + Ah, Pelops from his coach was almost felled, + Hippodamia's looks while he beheld! + Yet he attained, by her support, to have her: + Let us all conquer by our mistress' favour. + In vain, why fly'st back? force conjoins us now: + The place's laws this benefit allow. 20 + But spare my wench, thou at her right hand seated; + By thy sides touching ill she is entreated.[351] + And sit thou rounder,[352] that behind us see; + For shame press not her back with thy hard knee. + But on the ground thy clothes too loosely lie: + Gather them up, or lift them, lo, will I. + Envious[353] garments, so good legs to hide! + The more thou look'st, the more the gown's envied. + Swift Atalanta's flying legs, like these, + Wish in his hands grasped did Hippomenes. 30 + Coat-tucked Diana's legs are painted like them, + When strong wild beasts, she, stronger, hunts to strike them. + Ere these were seen, I burnt: what will these do? + Flames into flame, floods thou pour'st seas into, + By these I judge; delight me may the rest, + Which lie hid, under her thin veil supprest. + Yet in the meantime wilt small winds bestow, + That from thy fan, moved by my hand, may blow? + Or is my heat of mind, not of the sky? + Is't women's love my captive breast doth fry? 40 + While thus I speak, black dust her white robes ray;[354] + Foul dust, from her fair body go away! + Now comes the pomp; themselves let all men cheer;[355] + The shout is nigh; the golden pomp comes here. + First, Victory is brought with large spread wing: + Goddess, come here; make my love conquering. + Applaud you Neptune, that dare trust his wave, + The sea I use not: me my earth must have. + Soldier applaud thy Mars, no wars we move, + Peace pleaseth me, and in mid peace is love. 50 + With augurs Phoebus, Phoebe with hunters stands. + To thee Minerva turn the craftsmen's hands. + Ceres and Bacchus countrymen adore, + Champions please[356] Pollux, Castor loves horsemen more. + Thee, gentle Venus, and the boy that flies, + We praise: great goddess aid my enterprise. + Let my new mistress grant to be beloved; + She becked, and prosperous signs gave as she moved. + What Venus promised, promise thou we pray + Greater than her, by her leave, thou'rt, I'll say. 60 + The gods, and their rich pomp witness with me, + For evermore thou shalt my mistress be. + Thy legs hang down, thou may'st, if that be best, + Awhile[357] thy tiptoes on the footstool[358] rest. + Now greatest spectacles the Praetor sends, + Four chariot-horses from the lists' even ends. + I see whom thou affect'st: he shall subdue; + The horses seem as thy[359] desire they knew. + Alas, he runs too far about the ring; + What dost? thy waggon in less compass bring. 70 + What dost, unhappy? her good wishes fade: + Let with strong hand the rein to bend be made. + One slow we favour, Romans, him revoke: + And each give signs by casting up his cloak. + They call him back; lest their gowns toss thy hair, + To hide thee in my bosom straight repair. + But now again the barriers open lie, + And forth the gay troops on swift horses fly. + At least now conquer, and outrun the rest: + My mistress' wish confirm with my request. 80 + My mistress hath her wish; my wish remain: + He holds the palm: my palm is yet to gain. + She smiled, and with quick eyes behight[360] some grace: + Pay it not here, but in another place. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[350] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[351] "Contactu lateris laeditur ista tui." + +[352] "Tua contraha crura." + +[353] + + "Invida vestis eras quod tam bona crura tegebas! + Quoque magis spectes ... invida vestis eras." + +[354] Defile. + +[355] A strange rendering of "linguis animisque favete." + +[356] Ed. B "pleace;" ed. C "place." + +[357] Old eds. "Or while." + +[358] "Cancellis" (_i.e._ the rails). + +[359] Old eds. "they." + +[360] "Promisit." + + + + +ELEGIA III.[361] + +De amica quae perjuraverat. + + + What, are there gods? herself she hath forswore, + And yet remains the face she had before. + How long her locks were ere her oath she took, + So long they be since she her faith forsook. + Fair white with rose-red was before commixt; + Now shine her looks pure white and red betwixt. + Her foot was small: her foot's form is most fit: + Comely tall was she, comely tall she's yet. + Sharp eyes she had: radiant like stars they be, + By which she, perjured oft, hath lied to[362] me. 10 + In sooth, th' eternal powers grant maids society + Falsely to swear; their beauty hath some deity. + By her eyes, I remember, late she swore, + And by mine eyes, and mine were pained sore. + Say gods: if she unpunished you deceive, + For other faults why do I loss receive. + But did you not so envy[363] Cepheus' daughter, + For her ill-beauteous mother judged to slaughter. + 'Tis not enough, she shakes your record off, + And, unrevenged, mocked gods with me doth scoff. 20 + But by my pain to purge her perjuries, + Cozened, I am the cozener's sacrifice. + God is a name, no substance, feared in vain, + And doth the world in fond belief detain. + Or if there be a God, he loves fine wenches, + And all things too much in their sole power drenches. + Mars girts his deadly sword on for my harm; + Pallas' lance strikes me with unconquered arm; + At me Apollo bends his pliant bow; + At me Jove's right hand lightning hath to throw. 30 + The wronged gods dread fair ones to offend, + And fear those, that to fear them least intend. + Who now will care the altars to perfume? + Tut, men should not their courage so consume. + Jove throws down woods and castles with his fire, + But bids his darts from perjured girls retire. + Poor Semele among so many burned, + Her own request to her own torment turned. + But when her lover came, had she drawn back, + The father's thigh should unborn Bacchus lack. 40 + Why grieve I? and of heaven reproaches pen? + The gods have eyes, and breasts as well as men. + Were I a god, I should give women leave, + With lying lips my godhead to deceive. + Myself would swear the wenches true did swear, + And I would be none of the gods severe. + But yet their gift more moderately use, + Or in mine eyes, good wench, no pain transfuse. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[361] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[362] Old eds. "by." + +[363] + + "At non invidiae vobis Cepheia virgo est, + Pro male formosa jussa parente mori?" + +("Invidiae" here means "discredit, odium.") + + + + +ELEGIA IV.[364] + +Ad virum servantem conjugem. + + + Rude man, 'tis vain thy damsel to commend + To keeper's trust: their wits should them defend. + Who, without fear, is chaste, is chaste in sooth: + Who, because means want, doeth not, she doth. + Though thou her body guard, her mind is stained; + Nor, 'less[365] she will, can any be restrained. + Nor can'st by watching keep her mind from sin, + All being shut out, the adulterer is within. + Who may offend, sins least; power to do ill + The fainting seeds of naughtiness doth kill. 10 + Forbear to kindle vice by prohibition; + Sooner shall kindness gain thy will's fruition. + I saw a horse against the bit stiff-necked, + Like lightning go, his struggling mouth being checked: + When he perceived the reins let slack, he stayed, + And on his loose mane the loose bridle laid. + How to attain what is denied we think, + Even as the sick desire forbidden drink. + Argus had either way an hundred eyes, + Yet by deceit Love did them all surprise. 20 + In stone and iron walls Danaee shut, + Came forth a mother, though a maid there put. + Penelope, though no watch looked unto her, + Was not defiled by any gallant wooer. + What's kept, we covet more: the care makes theft, + Few love what others have unguarded left. + Nor doth her face please, but her husband's love: + I know not what men think should thee so move[366] + She is not chaste that's kept, but a dear whore:[367] + Thy fear is than her body valued more. 30 + Although thou chafe, stolen pleasure is sweet play; + She pleaseth best, "I fear," if any say. + A free-born wench, no right 'tis up to lock, + So use we women of strange nations' stock. + Because the keeper may come say, "I did it," + She must be honest to thy servant's credit. + He is too clownish whom a lewd wife grieves, + And this town's well-known custom not believes; + Where Mars his sons not without fault did breed, + Remus and Romulus, Ilia's twin-born seed. 40 + Cannot a fair one, if not chaste, please thee? + Never can these by any means agree. + Kindly thy mistress use, if thou be wise; + Look gently, and rough husbands' laws despise. + Honour what friends thy wife gives, she'll give many, + Least labour so shall win great grace of any. + So shalt thou go with youths to feasts together, + And see at home much that thou ne'er brought'st thither. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[364] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[365] Old eds. "least." ("Nec custodiri, ni velit, ulla potest.") + +[366] The original has "Nescio quid, quod te ceperit, esse putant." + +[367] Dyce calls this line an "erroneous version of 'Non proba sit quam +vir servat, sed adultera; cara est.'" But Merkel's reading is "Non proba +fit quam vir servat, sed adultera cara"--which is accurately rendered by +Marlowe. + + + + +ELEGIA VI.[368] + +Ad amnem dum iter faceret ad amicam. + + + Flood with reed-grown[369] slime banks, till I be past + Thy waters stay: I to my mistress haste. + Thou hast no bridge, nor boat with ropes to throw, + That may transport me, without oars to row. + Thee I have passed, and knew thy stream none such, + When thy wave's brim did scarce my ankles touch. + With snow thawed from the next hill now thou gushest,[370] + And in thy foul deep waters thick thou rushest. + What helps my haste? what to have ta'en small rest? + What day and night to travel in her quest? 10 + If standing here I can by no means get + My foot upon the further bank to set. + Now wish I those wings noble Perseus had, + Bearing the head with dreadful adders[371] clad; + Now wish the chariot, whence corn fields were found, + First to be thrown upon the untilled ground: + I speak old poet's wonderful inventions, + Ne'er was, nor [e'er] shall be, what my verse mentions. + Rather, thou large bank-overflowing river, + Slide in thy bounds; so shalt thou run for ever. 20 + Trust me, land-stream, thou shalt no envy lack, + If I a lover be by thee held back. + Great floods ought to assist young men in love, + Great floods the force of it do often prove. + In mid Bithynia,[372] 'tis said, Inachus + Grew pale, and, in cold fords, hot lecherous. + Troy had not yet been ten years' siege out stander, + When nymph Neaera rapt thy looks, Scamander. + What, not Alpheus in strange lands to run, + The Arcadian virgin's constant love hath won? 30 + And Creusa unto Xanthus first affied, + They say Peneus near Phthia's town did hide. + What should I name Asop,[373] that Thebe loved, + Thebe who mother of five daughters proved, + If, Acheloeus, I ask where thy horns stand, + Thou say'st, broke with Alcides' angry hand. + Not Calydon, nor AEtolia did please; + One Deianira was more worth than these. + Rich Nile by seven mouths to the vast sea flowing, + Who so well keeps his water's head from knowing, 40 + Is by Evadne thought to take such flame, + As his deep whirlpools could not quench the same. + Dry Enipeus, Tyro to embrace, + Fly back his stream[374] charged; the stream charged, gave place. + Nor pass I thee, who hollow rocks down tumbling, + In Tibur's field with watery foam art rumbling. + Whom Ilia pleased, though in her looks grief revelled, + Her cheeks were scratched, her goodly hairs dishevelled. + She, wailing Mar's sin and her uncle's crime, + Strayed barefoot through sole places[375] on a time. 50 + Her, from his swift waves, the bold flood perceived, + And from the mid ford his hoarse voice upheaved, + Saying, "Why sadly tread'st my banks upon, + Ilia sprung from Idaean Laomedon? + Where's thy attire? why wanderest here alone? + To stay thy tresses white veil hast thou none? + Why weep'st and spoil'st with tears thy watery eyes? + And fiercely knock'st thy breast that open lies? + His heart consists of flint and hardest steel, + That seeing thy tears can any joy then feel. 60 + Fear not: to thee our court stands open wide, + There shalt be loved: Ilia, lay fear aside. + Thou o'er a hundred nymphs or more shalt reign, + For five score nymphs or more our floods contain. + Nor, Roman stock, scorn me so much I crave, + Gifts than my promise greater thou shalt have."[376] + This said he: she her modest eyes held down. + Her woful bosom a warm shower did drown. + Thrice she prepared to fly, thrice she did stay, + By fear deprived of strength to run away. 70 + Yet rending with enraged thumb her tresses, + Her trembling mouth these unmeet sounds expresses: + "O would in my forefathers' tomb deep laid, + My bones had been while yet I was a maid: + Why being a vestal am I wooed to wed, + Deflowered and stained in unlawful bed. + Why stay I? men point at me for a whore, + Shame, that should make me blush, I have no more." + This said; her coat hoodwinked her fearful eyes, + And into water desperately she flies. 80 + 'Tis said the slippery stream held up her breast, + And kindly gave her what she liked best. + And I believe some wench thou hast affected, + But woods and groves keep your faults undetected. + While thus I speak the waters more abounded, + And from the channel all abroad surrounded. + Mad stream, why dost our mutual joys defer? + Clown, from my journey why dost me deter? + How would'st thou flow wert thou a noble flood? + If thy great fame in every region stood? 90 + Thou hast no name, but com'st from snowy mountains; + No certain house thou hast, nor any fountains; + Thy springs are nought but rain and melted snow, + Which wealth cold winter doth on thee bestow. + Either thou art muddy in mid-winter tide, + Or full of dust dost on the dry earth slide. + What thirsty traveller ever drunk of thee? + Who said with grateful voice, "Perpetual be!" + Harmful to beasts, and to the fields thou proves, + Perchance these[377] others, me mine own loss moves. 100 + To this I fondly[378] loves of floods told plainly, + I shame so great names to have used so vainly. + I know not what expecting, I ere while, + Named Acheloeus, Inachus, and Nile.[379] + But for thy merits I wish thee, white stream,[380] + Dry winters aye, and suns in heat extreme. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[368] Not in Isham copy or ed. A.--In the old copies this elegy is +marked "Elegia v." The fifth elegy (beginning "Nox erat et somnus," &c.) +was not contained in Marlowe's copy. + +[369] Old eds. "redde-growne." + +[370] So Dyce for "rushest" of the old eds. + +[371] So Dyce for "arrowes" of the old eds. + +[372] The original has "Inachus in Melie Bithynide pallidus isse." +&c.--Dyce suggests that Marlowe's copy had "in _media_ Bithynide." + +[373] Old eds. "Aesope." + +[374] Old eds. "shame." + +[375] "Loca sola." + +[376] The original has "Desit famosus qui notet ora pudor" (or "Desint +... quae," &c.) + +[377] "Forsitan haec alios, me mea damna movent." + +[378] "Demens." + +[379] Old eds. "Ile." + +[380] Marlowe read "nunc candide" for "non candide." + + + + +ELEGIA VII. + +Quod ab amica receptus, cum ea coire non potuit, conqueritur. + + + Either she was foul, or her attire was bad, + Or she was not the wench I wished to have had. + Idly I lay with her, as if I loved not, + And like a burden grieved the bed that moved not. + Though both of us performed our true intent, + Yet could I not cast anchor where I meant. + She on my neck her ivory arms did throw, + Her[381] arms far whiter than the Scythian snow. + And eagerly she kissed me with her tongue, + And under mine her wanton thigh she flung, 10 + Yea, and she soothed me up, and called me "Sir,"[382] + And used all speech that might provoke and stir. + Yet like as if cold hemlock I had drunk, + It mocked me, hung down the head and sunk. + Like a dull cipher, or rude block I lay, + Or shade, or body was I, who can say? + What will my age do, age I cannot shun, + Seeing[383] in my prime my force is spent and done? + I blush, that being youthful, hot, and lusty, + I prove neither youth nor man, but old and rusty. 20 + Pure rose she, like a nun to sacrifice, + Or one that with her tender brother lies. + Yet boarded I the golden Chie[384] twice, + And Libas, and the white-cheeked Pitho thrice. + Corinna craved it in a summer's night, + And nine sweet bouts had we[385] before daylight. + What, waste my limbs through some Thessalian charms? + May spells and drugs do silly souls such harms? + With virgin wax hath some imbast[386] my joints? + And pierced my liver with sharp needle-points?[387] 30 + Charms change corn to grass and make it die: + By charms are running springs and fountains dry. + By charms mast drops from oaks, from vines grapes fall, + And fruit from trees when there's no wind at all. + Why might not then my sinews be enchanted? + And I grow faint as with some spirit haunted? + To this, add shame: shame to perform it quailed me, + And was the second cause why vigour failed me. + My idle thoughts delighted her no more, + Than did the robe or garment which she wore. 40 + Yet might her touch make youthful Pylius fire, + And Tithon livelier than his years require. + Even her I had, and she had me in vain, + What might I crave more, if I ask again? + I think the great gods grieved they had bestowed, + This[388] benefit: which lewdly[389] I foreslowed.[390] + I wished to be received in, in[391] I get me. + To kiss, I kiss;[392] to lie with her, she let me. + Why was I blest? why made king to refuse[393] it? + Chuff-like had I not gold and could not use it? 50 + So in a spring thrives he that told so much,[394] + And looks upon the fruits he cannot touch. + Hath any rose so from a fresh young maid, + As she might straight have gone to church and prayed? + Well, I believe, she kissed not as she should, + Nor used the sleight and[395] cunning which she could. + Huge oaks, hard adamants might she have moved, + And with sweet words caus[ed] deaf rocks to have loved. + Worthy she was to move both gods and men, + But neither was I man nor lived then. 60 + Can deaf ears[396] take delight when Phaemius sings? + Or Thamyris in curious painted things? + What sweet thought is there but I had the same? + And one gave place still as another came. + Yet notwithstanding, like one dead it lay, + Drooping more than a rose pulled yesterday. + Now, when he should not jet, he bolts upright, + And craves his task, and seeks to be at fight. + Lie down with shame, and see thou stir no more. + Seeing thou[397] would'st deceive me as before. 70 + Thou cozenest me: by thee surprised am I, + And bide sore loss[398] with endless infamy. + Nay more, the wench did not disdain a whit + To take it in her hand, and play with it. + But when she saw it would by no means stand, + But still drooped down, regarding not her hand, + "Why mock'st thou me," she cried, "or being ill, + Who bade thee lie down here against thy will? + Either thou art witched with blood of frogs[399] new dead, + Or jaded cam'st thou from some other's bed." 80 + With that, her loose gown on, from me she cast her; + In skipping out her naked feet much graced her. + And lest her maid should know of this disgrace, + To cover it, spilt water in the place. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[381] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A:-- + + "That were as white as is the Scithian snow." + +[382] "Dominumque vocavit." + +[383] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "When." + +[384] "Flava Chlide." + +[385] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "we had." + +[386] The verb "embase" or "imbase" is frequently found in the sense of +"abase." Here the meaning seems to be "weakened, enfeebled." (Ovid's +words are "Sagave poenicea defixit nomina cera.") + +[387] So Isham copy and ed. A ("needle points").--Eds. B, C "needles' +points." + +[388] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "The." + +[389] "Turpiter." + +[390] Neglected. + +[391] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy "received in, _and_ in I _got_ me." + +[392] So old eds.--Dyce reads "kiss'd." + +[393] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "and refusde it." + +[394] "Sic aret mediis taciti vulgator in undis." + +[395] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "nor." + +[396] Isham copy "yeares;" ed. A "yeres;" eds. B, C "eare." + +[397] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "Seeing now thou." + +[398] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "great hurt." + +[399] The original has "Aut te trajectis Aeaea venefica _lanis_," &c. +(As Dyce remarks, Marlowe read "ranis.") + + + + +ELEGIA VIII.[400] + +Quod ad amica non recipiatur, dolet. + + + What man will now take liberal arts in hand, + Or think soft verse in any stead to stand? + Wit was sometimes more precious than gold; + Now poverty great barbarism we hold. + When our books did my mistress fair content, + I might not go whither my papers went. + She praised me, yet the gate shut fast upon her, + I here and there go, witty with dishonour. + See a rich chuff, whose wounds great wealth inferred, + For bloodshed knighted, before me preferred. 10 + Fool, can'st thou him in thy white arms embrace? + Fool, can'st thou lie in his enfolding space? + Know'st not this head[401] a helm was wont to bear? + This side that serves thee, a sharp sword did wear. + His left hand, whereon gold doth ill alight, + A target bore: blood-sprinkled was his right. + Can'st touch that hand wherewith some one lies dead? + Ah, whither is thy breast's soft nature fled? + Behold the signs of ancient fight, his scars! + Whate'er he hath, his body gained in wars. 20 + Perhaps he'll tell how oft he slew a man, + Confessing this, why dost thou touch him than?[402] + I, the pure priest of Phoebus and the Muses, + At thy deaf doors in verse sing my abuses. + Not what we slothful know,[403] let wise men learn, + But follow trembling camps and battles stern. + And for a good verse draw the first dart forth:[404] + Homer without this shall be nothing worth. + Jove, being admonished gold had sovereign power, + To win the maid came in a golden shower. 30 + Till then, rough was her father, she severe, + The posts of brass, the walls of iron were. + But when in gifts the wise adulterer came, + She held her lap ope to receive the same. + Yet when old Saturn heaven's rule possest, + All gain in darkness the deep earth supprest. + Gold, silver, iron's heavy weight, and brass, + In hell were harboured; here was found no mass. + But better things it gave, corn without ploughs, + Apples, and honey in oaks' hollow boughs. 40 + With strong ploughshares no man the earth did cleave, + The ditcher no marks on the ground did leave. + Nor hanging oars the troubled seas did sweep, + Men kept the shore and sailed not into deep. + Against thyself, man's nature, thou wert cunning, + And to thine own loss was thy wit swift running. + Why gird'st thy cities with a towered wall, + Why let'st discordant hands to armour fall? + What dost with seas? with th' earth thou wert content; + Why seek'st not heaven, the third realm, to frequent? 50 + Heaven thou affects: with Romulus, temples brave, + Bacchus, Alcides, and now Caesar have. + Gold from the earth instead of fruits we pluck; + Soldiers by blood to be enriched have luck. + Courts shut the poor out; wealth gives estimation. + Thence grows the judge, and knight of reputation. + All,[405] they possess: they govern fields and laws, + They manage peace and raw war's bloody jaws. + Only our loves let not such rich churls gain: + 'Tis well if some wench for the poor remain. 60 + Now, Sabine-like, though chaste she seems to live, + One her[406] commands, who many things can give. + For me, she doth keeper[407] and husband fear, + If I should give, both would the house forbear. + If of scorned lovers god be venger just, + O let him change goods so ill-got to dust. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[400] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[401] So ed. B.--Ed. C "his." ("Caput _hoc_ galeam portare solebat.") + +[402] Then. + +[403] Old eds. knew. + +[404] Marlowe has quite mistaken the meaning of the original "Proque +bono versu primum deducite pilum." + +[405] A very loose rendering of Ovid's couplet-- + + "Omnia possideant; illis Campusque Forumque + Serviat; hi pacem crudaque bella gerant." + +[406] So Dyce for "she" of the old eds. ("Imperat ut captae qui dare +multa potest.") + +[407] The original has "Me prohibet custos: in me timet illa maritum." + + + + +ELEGIA IX.[408] + +Tibulli mortem deflet. + + + If Thetis and the Morn their sons did wail, + And envious Fates great goddesses assail; + Sad Elegy,[409] thy woful hairs unbind: + Ah, now a name too true thou hast I find. + Tibullus, thy work's poet, and thy fame, + Burns his dead body in the funeral flame. + Lo, Cupid brings his quiver spoiled quite, + His broken bow, his firebrand without light! + How piteously with drooping wings he stands, + And knocks his bare breast with self-angry hands. 10 + The locks spread on his neck receive his tears, + And shaking sobs his mouth for speeches bears. + So[410] at AEneas' burial, men report, + Fair-faced Ilus, he went forth thy court. + And Venus grieves, Tibullus' life being spent, + As when the wild boar Adon's groin had rent. + The gods' care we are called, and men of piety, + And some there be that think we have a deity. + Outrageous death profanes all holy things, + And on all creatures obscure darkness brings. 20 + To Thracian Orpheus what did parents good? + Or songs amazing wild beasts of the wood? + Where[411] Linus by his father Phoebus laid, + To sing with his unequalled harp is said. + See Homer from whose fountain ever filled + Pierian dew to poets is distilled: + Him the last day in black Avern hath drowned: + Verses alone are with continuance crowned. + The work of poets lasts: Troy's labour's fame, + And that slow web night's falsehood did unframe. 30 + So Nemesis, so Delia famous are, + The one his first love, th' other his new care. + What profit to us hath our pure life bred? + What to have lain alone in empty bed? + When bad Fates take good men, I am forbod + By secret thoughts to think there is a God. + Live godly, thou shalt die; though honour heaven, + Yet shall thy life be forcibly bereaven. + Trust in good verse, Tibullus feels death's pains, + Scarce rests of all what a small urn contains. 40 + Thee, sacred poet, could sad flames destroy? + Nor feared they thy body to annoy? + The holy gods' gilt temples they might fire, + That durst to so great wickedness aspire. + Eryx' bright empress turned her looks aside, + And some, that she refrained tears, have denied. + Yet better is't, than if Corcyra's Isle, + Had thee unknown interred in ground most vile. + Thy dying eyes here did thy mother close, + Nor did thy ashes her last offerings lose. 50 + Part of her sorrow here thy sister bearing, + Comes forth, her unkembed[412] locks asunder tearing. + Nemesis and thy first wench join their kisses + With thine, nor this last fire their presence misses. + Delia departing, "Happier loved," she saith, + "Was I: thou liv'dst, while thou esteem'dst my faith." + Nemesis answers, "What's my loss to thee? + His fainting hand in death engrasped me." + If aught remains of us but name and spirit, + Tibullus doth Elysium's joy inherit. 60 + Their youthful brows with ivy girt to meet him, + With Calvus learned Catullus comes, and greet him; + And thou, if falsely charged to wrong thy friend, + Callus, that car'dst[413] not blood and life to spend, + With these thy soul walks: souls if death release, + The godly[414] sweet Tibullus doth increase. + Thy bones, I pray, may in the urn safe rest, + And may th' earth's weight thy ashes naught molest. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[408] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[409] Ed. B "Eeliga"--Ed. C "Elegia." + +[410] + + "Fratris in Aeneae sic illum funere dicunt + Egressum tectis, pulcher Iule, tuis." + +[411] The original has-- + + "Aelinon in silvis idem pater, aelinon, altis + Dicitur invita concinuisse lyra." + +In Marlowe's copy the couplet must have been very different. + +[412] Old eds. "vnkeembe" and "unkeemb'd." + +[413] Old eds. "carst." + +[414] "Auxisti numeros, culte Tibulle, pios." + + + + +ELEGIA X.[415] + +Ad Cererem, conquerens quod ejus sacris cum amica concumbere non +permittatur. + + + Come were the times of Ceres' sacrifice; + In empty bed alone my mistress lies. + Golden-haired Ceres crowned with ears of corn, + Why are our pleasures by thy means forborne? + Thee, goddess, bountiful all nations judge, + Nor less at man's prosperity any grudge. + Rude husbandmen baked not their corn before, + Nor on the earth was known the name of floor.[416] + On mast of oaks, first oracles, men fed; + This was their meat, the soft grass was their bed. 10 + First Ceres taught the seed in fields to swell, + And ripe-eared corn with sharp-edged scythes to fell. + She first constrained bulls' necks to bear the yoke, + And untilled ground with crooked ploughshares broke. + Who thinks her to be glad at lovers' smart, + And worshipped by their pain and lying apart? + Nor is she, though she loves the fertile fields, + A clown, nor no love from her warm breast yields: + Be witness Crete (nor Crete doth all things feign) + Crete proud that Jove her nursery maintain. 20 + There, he who rules the world's star-spangled towers, + A little boy drunk teat-distilling showers. + Faith to the witness Jove's praise doth apply; + Ceres, I think, no known fault will deny. + The goddess saw Iasion on Candian Ide, + With strong hand striking wild beasts' bristled hide. + She saw, and as her marrow took the flame, + Was divers ways distract with love and shame. + Love conquered shame, the furrows dry were burned, + And corn with least part of itself returned. 30 + When well-tossed mattocks did the ground prepare, + Being fit-broken with the crooked share, + And seeds were equally in large fields cast, + The ploughman's hopes were frustrate at the last. + The grain-rich goddess in high woods did stray, + Her long hair's ear-wrought garland fell away. + Only was Crete fruitful that plenteous year; + Where Ceres went, each place was harvest there. + Ida, the seat of groves, did sing[417] with corn, + Which by the wild boar in the woods was shorn. 40 + Law-giving Minos did such years desire, + And wished the goddess long might feel love's fire. + Ceres, what sports[418] to thee so grievous were, + As in thy sacrifice we them forbear? + Why am I sad, when Proserpine is found, + And Juno-like with Dis reigns under ground? + Festival days ask Venus, songs, and wine, + These gifts are meet to please the powers divine. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[415] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[416] Threshing-floor ("area"). + +[417] Marlowe has made the school-boy's mistake of confusing "caneo" and +"cano." + +[418] The original has + + "Quod tibi secubitus tristes, dea flava, fuissent, + Hoc cogor sacris nunc ego ferre tuis." + +Marlowe appears to have read "Qui tibi concubitus," &c. + + + + +ELEGIA XI.[419] + +Ad amicam a cujus amore discedere non potest. + + + Long have I borne much, mad thy faults me make; + Dishonest love, my wearied breast forsake! + Now have I freed myself, and fled the chain, + And what I have borne, shame to bear again. + We vanquish, and tread tamed love under feet, + Victorious wreaths[420] at length my temples greet. + Suffer, and harden: good grows by this grief, + Oft bitter juice brings to the sick relief. + I have sustained, so oft thrust from the door, + To lay my body on the hard moist floor. 10 + I know not whom thou lewdly didst embrace, + When I to watch supplied a servant's place. + I saw when forth a tired lover went. + His side past service, and his courage spent, + Yet this is less than if he had seen me; + May that shame fall mine enemies' chance to be. + When have not I, fixed to thy side, close laid? + I have thy husband, guard, and fellow played. + The people by my company she pleased; + My love was cause that more men's love she seized. 20 + What, should I tell her vain tongue's filthy lies, + And, to my loss, god-wronging perjuries? + What secret becks in banquets with her youths, + With privy signs, and talk dissembling truths? + Hearing her to be sick, I thither ran, + But with my rival sick she was not than. + These hardened me, with what I keep obscure:[421] + Some other seek, who will these things endure. + Now my ship in the wished haven crowned, + With joy hears Neptune's swelling waters sound. 30 + Leave thy once-powerful words, and flatteries, + I am not as I was before, unwise. + Now love and hate my light breast each way move, + But victory, I think, will hap to love. + I'll hate, if I can; if not, love 'gainst my will, + Bulls hate the yoke, yet what they hate have still. + I fly her lust, but follow beauty's creature, + I loathe her manners, love her body's feature. + Nor with thee, nor without thee can I live, + And doubt to which desire the palm to give. 40 + Or less fair, or less lewd would thou might'st be: + Beauty with lewdness doth right ill agree. + Her deeds gain hate, her face entreateth love; + Ah, she doth more worth than her vices prove! + Spare me, oh, by our fellow bed, by all + The gods, who by thee, to be perjured fall.[422] + And by thy face to me a power divine, + And by thine eyes, whose radiance burns out mine! + Whate'er thou art, mine art thou: choose this course, + Wilt have me willing, or to love by force. 50 + Rather I'll hoist up sail, and use the wind, + That I may love yet, though against my mind. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[419] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[420] The original has "Venerunt capiti cornua sera meo." + +[421] "Et que taceo." + +[422] "Qui dant fallendos se tibi saepe, deos." + + + + +ELEGIA XII.[423] + +Dolet amicam suam ita suis carminibus innotuisse ut rivales multos sibi +pararit. + + + What day was that, which all sad haps to bring, + White birds to lovers did not[424] always sing? + Or is I think my wish against the stars? + Or shall I plain some god against me wars? + Who mine was called, whom I loved more than any, + I fear with me is common now to many. + Err I? or by my books[425] is she so known? + 'Tis so: by my wit her abuse is grown. + And justly: for her praise why did I tell? + The wench by my fault is set forth to sell. 10 + The bawd I play, lovers to her I guide: + Her gate by my hands is set open wide. + 'Tis doubtful whether verse avail or harm, + Against my good they were an envious charm. + When Thebes, when Troy, when Caesar should be writ, + Alone Corinna moves my wanton wit. + With Muse opposed, would I my lines had done, + And Phoebus had forsook my work begun! + Nor, as use will not poets' record hear, + Would I my words would any credit bear. 20 + Scylla by us her father's rich hair steals, + And Scylla's womb mad raging dogs conceals. + We cause feet fly, we mingle hares with snakes, + Victorious Perseus a winged steed's back takes. + Our verse great Tityus a huge space outspreads, + And gives the viper-curled dog three heads. + We make Enceladus use a thousand arms, + And men enthralled by mermaid's[426] singing charms. + The east winds in Ulysses' bags we shut, + And blabbing Tantalus in mid-waters put. 30 + Niobe flint, Callist we make a bear, + Bird-changed Progne doth her Itys tear.[427] + Jove turns himself into a swan, or gold, + Or his bull's horns Europa's hand doth hold. + Proteus what should I name? teeth, Thebes' first seed? + Oxen in whose mouths burning flames did breed? + Heaven-star, Electra,[428] that bewailed her sisters? + The ships, whose godhead in the sea now glisters? + The sun turned back from Atreus' cursed table? 39 + And sweet-touched harp that to move stones was able? + Poets' large power is boundless and immense, + Nor have their words true history's pretence. + And my wench ought to have seemed falsely praised, + Now your credulity harm to me hath raised. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[423] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[424] Marlowe has put his negative in the wrong place and made nonsense +of the couplet:-- + + "Quis fuit ille dies quo tristia semper amanti + Omina non albae concinuistis aves?" + +[425] Old eds. "lookes." + +[426] "Ambiguae captos virginis ore viros." ("Ambigua virgo" is the +sphinx.) + +[427] The original has "_Concinit_ Odrysium Cecropis ales Ityn." + +[428] Marlowe's copy must have been very corrupt here. The true reading +is + + "Flere genis electra tuas, auriga, sorores?" + + + + +ELEGIA XIII.[429] + +De Junonis festo. + + + When fruit-filled Tuscia should a wife give me, + We touched the walls, Camillus, won by thee. + The priests to Juno did prepare chaste feasts, + With famous pageants, and their home-bred beasts. + To know their rites well recompensed my stay, + Though thither leads a rough steep hilly way. + There stands an old wood with thick trees dark clouded: + Who sees it grants some deity there is shrouded. + An altar takes men's incense and oblation, + An altar made after the ancient fashion. 10 + Here, when the pipe with solemn tunes doth sound, + The annual pomp goes on the covered[430] ground. + White heifers by glad people forth are led, + Which with the grass of Tuscan fields are fed, + And calves from whose feared front no threatening flies, + And little pigs, base hogsties' sacrifice, + And rams with horns their hard heads wreathed back; + Only the goddess-hated goat did lack, + By whom disclosed, she in the high woods took, + Is said to have attempted flight forsook. 20 + Now[431] is the goat brought through the boys with darts, + And give[n] to him that the first wound imparts. + Where Juno comes, each youth and pretty maid, + Show[432] large ways, with their garments there displayed. + Jewels and gold their virgin tresses crown, + And stately robes to their gilt feet hang down. + As is the use, the nuns in white veils clad, + Upon their heads the holy mysteries had. + When the chief pomp comes, loud[433] the people hollow; + And she her vestal virgin priests doth follow. 30 + Such was the Greek pomp, Agamemnon dead; + Which fact[434] and country wealth, Halesus fled. + And having wandered now through sea and land, + Built walls high towered with a prosperous hand. + He to th' Hetrurians Juno's feast commended: + Let me and them by it be aye befriended. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[429] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[430] "It per velatas annua pompa vias." + +[431] + + "Nunc quoque per pueros jaculis incessitur index + Et pretium auctori vulneris ipsa datur." + +[432] "Praeverrunt latas veste jacente vias."--Dyce remarks that Marlowe +read "Praebuerant." + +[433] "Ore favent populi." (In Henry's monumental edition of Virgil's +AEneid, vol. iii. pp. 25-27, there is a very interesting note on the +meaning of the formula "ore favete." He denies the correctness of the +ordinary interpretation "be silent.") + +[434] "Et _scelus_ et patrias fugit Halaesus opes." + + + + +ELEGIA XIV. + +Ad amicam, si peccatura est, ut occulte peccet. + + + Seeing thou art fair, I bar not thy false playing, + But let not me, poor soul, know[435] of thy straying. + Nor do I give thee counsel to live chaste, + But that thou would'st dissemble, when 'tis past. + She hath not trod awry, that doth deny it. + Such as confess have lost their good names by it. + What madness is't to tell night-pranks[436] by day? + And[437] hidden secrets openly to bewray? + The strumpet with the stranger will not do, + Before the room be clear and door put-to. 10 + Will you make shipwreck of your honest name, + And let the world be witness of the same? + Be more advised, walk as a puritan, + And I shall think you chaste, do what you can. + Slip still, only deny it when 'tis done, + And, before folk,[438] immodest speeches shun. + The bed is for lascivious toyings meet, + There use all tricks,[439] and tread shame under feet. + When you are up and dressed, be sage and grave, + And in the bed hide all the faults you have. 20 + Be not ashamed to strip you, being there, + And mingle thighs, yours ever mine to bear.[440] + There in your rosy lips my tongue entomb, + Practise a thousand sports when there you come. + Forbear no wanton words you there would speak, + And with your pastime let the bedstead creak; + But with your robes put on an honest face, + And blush, and seem as you were full of grace. + Deceive all; let me err; and think I'm right, + And like a wittol think thee void of slight. 30 + Why see I lines so oft received and given? + This bed and that by tumbling made uneven? + Like one start up your hair tost and displaced, + And with a wanton's tooth your neck new-rased. + Grant this, that what you do I may not see; + If you weigh not ill speeches, yet weigh me. + My soul fleets[441] when I think what you have done, + And thorough[442] every vein doth cold blood run. + Then thee whom I must love, I hate in vain, + And would be dead, but dead[443] with thee remain. 40 + I'll not sift much, but hold thee soon excused. + Say but thou wert injuriously accused. + Though while the deed be doing you be took, + And I see when you ope the two-leaved book,[444] + Swear I was blind; deny[445] if you be wise, + And I will trust your words more than mine eyes. + From him that yields, the palm[446] is quickly got, + Teach but your tongue to say, "I did it not," + And being justified by two words, think + The cause acquits you not, but I[447] that wink. 50 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[435] So Isham copy and eds. B, C.--Ed. A "wit." + +[436] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "night-sports." + +[437] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "Or." + +[438] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "people." + +[439] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "toyes." + +[440] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "mine ever yours." + +[441] "Mens abit." + +[442] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "through." + +[443] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "dying." + +[444] The original has + + "Et fuerint oculis probra videnda meis." + +[445] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "yeeld not." + +[446] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "garland." + +[447] So Isham copy and eds. A, B.--Ed. C "that I." + + + + +ELEGIA XV.[448] + +Ad Venerem, quod elegis finem imponat. + + + Tender Loves' mother[449] a new poet get, + This last end to my Elegies is set.[450] + Which I, Peligny's foster-child, have framed, + Nor am I by such wanton toys defamed. + Heir of an ancient house, if help that can, + Not only by war's rage[451] made gentleman. + In Virgil Mantua joys: in Catull Verone; + Of me Peligny's nation boasts alone; + Whom liberty to honest arms compelled, + When careful Rome in doubt their prowess held.[452] 10 + And some guest viewing watery Sulmo's walls, + Where little ground to be enclosed befalls, + "How such a poet could you bring forth?" says: + "How small soe'er, I'll you for greatest praise." + Both loves, to whom my heart long time did yield,[453] + Your golden ensigns pluck[454] out of my field. + Horned Bacchus graver fury doth distil, + A greater ground with great horse is to till. + Weak Elegies, delightful Muse, farewell; + A work that, after my death, here shall dwell. 20 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[448] Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[449] "Tenerorum mater amorum." + +[450] "Marlowe's copy of Ovid had 'Traditur haec elegis ultima charta +meis.'"--Dyce. (The true reading is "Raditur hic ... meta meis.") + +[451] "Non modo militiae turbine factus eques." + +[452] "Cum timuit socias anxia turba manus." + +[453] "Marlowe's copy of Ovid had 'Culte puer, puerique parens _mihi +tempore longo_.' (instead of what we now read 'Amathusia +culti.')"--Dyce. + +[454] Old eds. "pluckt." + + + + +EPIGRAMS BY J[OHN] D[AVIES]. + + + + +EPIGRAMS BY J[OHN] D[AVIES].[455] + + + + +AD MUSAM. I. + + + Fly, merry Muse, unto that merry town, + Where thou mayst plays, revels, and triumphs see; + The house of fame, and theatre of renown, + Where all good wits and spirits love to be. + Fall in between their hands that praise and love thee,[456] + And be to them a laughter and a jest: + But as for them which scorning shall reprove[457] thee, + Disdain their wits, and think thine own the best. + But if thou find any so gross and dull, + That thinks I do to private taxing[458] lean, 10 + Bid him go hang, for he is but a gull, + And knows not what an epigram doth[459] mean, + Which taxeth,[460] under a particular name, + A general vice which merits public blame. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[455] Dyce has carefully recorded the readings of a MS. copy (_Harl. +MS._ 1836) of the present epigrams. As in most cases the variations are +unimportant, I have not thought it necessary to reproduce Dyce's +elaborate collation. Where the MS. readings are distinctly preferable I +have adopted them; but in such cases I have been careful to record the +readings of the printed copies. + +[456] So Dyce.--Old eds. "loue and praise thee;" MS. "Seeme to love +thee." + +[457] So Isham copy and MS. Ed. A "approve." + +[458] Censuring. Dyce compares the Induction to the _Knight of the +Burning Pestle_:-- + + "Fly far from hence + All _private taxes_." + +[459] So MS.--Old eds. "does." + +[460] MS. "Which carrieth under a peculiar name." + + + + +OF A GULL. II. + + + Oft in my laughing rhymes I name a gull; + But this new term will many questions breed; + Therefore at first I will express at full, + Who is a true and perfect gull indeed. + A gull is he who fears a velvet gown, + And, when a wench is brave, dares not speak to her; + A gull is he which traverseth the town, + And is for marriage known a common wooer; + A gull is he which, while he proudly wears + A silver-hilted rapier by his side, 10 + Endures the lie[461] and knocks about the ears, + Whilst in his sheath his sleeping sword doth bide; + A gull is he which wears good handsome clothes, + And stands in presence stroking up his hair, + And fills up his unperfect speech with oaths, + But speaks not one wise word throughout the year: + But, to define a gull in terms precise,-- + A gull is he which seems and is not wise.[462] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[461] So MS.--Old eds. "lies." + +[462] "To this epigram there is an evident allusion in the following one + + 'TO CANDIDUS. + Friend Candidus, thou often doost demaund + What humours men by gulling understand. + Our English Martiall hath full pleasantly + In his close nips describde a gull to thee: + I'le follow him, and set downe my conceit + What a gull is--oh, word of much receit! + He is a gull whose indiscretion + Cracks his purse-strings to be in fashion; + He is a gull who is long in taking roote + In barraine soyle where can be but small fruite; + He is a gull who runnes himselfe in debt + For twelue dayes' wonder, hoping so to get; + He is a gull whose conscience is a block, + Not to take interest, but wastes his stock; + He is a gull who cannot haue a whore, + But brags how much he spends upon her score; + He is a gull that for commoditie + Payes tenne times ten, and sells the same for three; + He is a gull who, passing finicall, + Peiseth each word to be rhetoricall; + And, to conclude, who selfe-conceitedly + Thinks al men guls, ther's none more gull then he.' + + Guilpin's _Skialetheia, &c._ 1598, _Epig._ 20." + --_Dyce._ + + + + +IN REFUM. III. + + + Rufus the courtier, at the theatre, + Leaving the best and most conspicuous place, + Doth either to the stage[463] himself transfer, + Or through a grate[464] doth show his double face, + For that the clamorous fry of Inns of Court + Fill up the private rooms of greater price, + And such a place where all may have resort + He in his singularity doth despise. + Yet doth not his particular humour shun + The common stews and brothels of the town, 10 + Though all the world in troops do thither run, + Clean and unclean, the gentle and the clown: + Then why should Rufus in his pride abhor + A common seat, that loves a common whore? + +FOOTNOTES: + +[463] It was a common practice for gallants to sit upon hired stools in +the stage, especially at the private theatres. From the _Induction_ to +Marston's _Malcontent_ it appears that the custom was not tolerated at +some of the public theatres. The ordinary charge for the use of a stool +was sixpence. + +[464] Malone was no doubt right in supposing that there is here an +allusion to the "private boxes" placed at each side of the balcony at +the back of the stage. They must have been very dark and uncomfortable. +In the _Gull's Horn-Book_ Dekker says that "much new Satin was there +dampned by being smothered to death in darkness." + + + + +IN QUINTUM. IV. + + + Quintus the dancer useth evermore + His feet in measure and in rule to move: + Yet on a time he call'd his mistress _whore_, + And thought with that sweet word to win her love. + O, had his tongue like to his feet been taught, + It never would have utter'd such a thought! + + + + +IN PLURIMOS. V.[465] + + + Faustinus, Sextus, Cinna, Ponticus, + With Gella, Lesbia, Thais, Rhodope, + Rode all to Staines,[466] for no cause serious, + But for their mirth and for their lechery. + Scarce were they settled in their lodging, when + Wenches with wenches, men with men fell out, + Men with their wenches, wenches with their men; + Which straight dissolves[467] this ill-assembled rout. + But since the devil brought them thus together, + To my discoursing thoughts it is a wonder, 10 + Why presently as soon as they came thither, + The self-same devil did them part asunder. + Doubtless, it seems, it was a foolish devil, + That thus did part them ere they did some evil. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[465] MS. "In meritriculas Londinensis." + +[466] MS. "Ware." + +[467] MS. "dissolv'd" + + + + +IN TITUM. VI. + + + Titus, the brave and valorous young gallant, + Three years together in his town hath been; + Yet my Lord Chancellor's[468] tomb he hath not seen, + Nor the new water-work,[469] nor the elephant. + I cannot tell the cause without a smile,-- + He hath been in the Counter all this while. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[468] Sir Christopher Hatton's tomb. See Dugdale's _History of St. +Paul's Cathedral_, ed. 1658, p. 83. + +[469] "The new water-work was at London Bridge. The elephant was an +object of great wonder and long remembered. A curious illustration of +this is found in the _Metamorphosis of the Walnut Tree of Borestall_, +written about 1645, when the poet [William Basse] brings trees of all +descriptions to the funeral, particularly a gigantic oak-- + + "The youth of these our times that did behold + This motion strange of this unwieldy plant + Now boldly brag with us that are men old, + That of our age they no advantage want, + Though in our youth we saw an elephant." + --_Cunningham_. + + + + +IN FAUSTUM. VII. + + + Faustus, nor lord nor knight, nor wise nor old, + To every place about the town doth ride; + He rides into the fields[470] plays to behold, + He rides to take boat at the water-side, + He rides to Paul's, he rides to th' ordinary, + He rides unto the house of bawdry too,-- + Thither his horse so often doth him carry, + That shortly he will quite forget to go. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[470] See the admirable account of "The Theatre and Curtain" in Mr. +Halliwell-Phillipps' _Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare_, ed. 3, pp. +385-433. It is there shown that the access to the _Theatre_ play-house +was through Finsbury Fields to the west of the western boundary-wall of +the grounds of the dissolved Holywell Priory. + + + + +IN KATAM.[471] VIII. + + + Kate, being pleas'd, wish'd that her pleasure could + Endure as long as a buff-jerkin would. + Content thee, Kate; although thy pleasure wasteth, + Thy pleasure's place like a buff-jerkin lasteth, + For no buff-jerkin hath been oftener worn, + Nor hath more scrapings or more dressings borne. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[471] Not in MS. + + + + +IN LIBRUM. IX. + + + Liber doth vaunt how chastely he hath liv'd + Since he hath been in town, seven years[472] and more, + For that he swears he hath four only swiv'd, + A maid, a wife, a widow, and a whore: + Then, Liber, thou hast swiv'd all womenkind, + For a fifth sort, I know, thou canst not find. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[472] MS. "knowen this towne 7 yeares." + + + + +IN MEDONTEM. X. + + + Great Captain Medon wears a chain of gold + Which at five hundred crowns is valued, + For that it was his grandsire's chain of old, + When great King Henry Boulogne conquered. + And wear it, Medon, for it may ensue, + That thou, by virtue of this massy chain, + A stronger town than Boulogne mayst subdue, + If wise men's saws be not reputed vain; + For what said Philip, king of Macedon? + "There is no castle so well fortified, 10 + But if an ass laden with gold comes on, + The guard will stoop, and gates fly open wide." + + + + +IN GELAM. XI. + + + Gella, if thou dost love thyself, take heed + Lest thou my rhymes unto thy lover read; + For straight thou grinn'st, and then thy lover seeth + Thy canker-eaten gums and rotten teeth. + + + + +IN QUINTUM.[473] XII. + + + Quintus his wit, infus'd into his brain, + Mislikes the place, and fled into his feet; + And there it wanders up and down the street,[474] + Dabbled in the dirt, and soaked in the rain. + Doubtless his wit intends not to aspire, + Which leaves his head, to travel in the mire. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[473] Not in MS. + +[474] Old eds. "streets." + + + + +IN SEVERUM. XIII. + + + The puritan Severus oft doth read + This text, that doth pronounce vain speech a sin,-- + "That thing defiles a man, that doth proceed + From out the mouth, not that which enters in." + Hence is it that we seldom hear him swear; + And therefore like a Pharisee, he vaunts: + But he devours more capons in a year + Than would suffice a hundred protestants. + And, sooth, those sectaries are gluttons all, + As well the thread-bare cobbler as the knight; 10 + For those poor slaves which have not wherewithal, + Feed on the rich, till they devour them quite; + And so, like Pharaoh's kine, they eat up clean + Those that be fat, yet still themselves be lean. + + + + +IN LEUCAM. XIV.[475] + + + Leuca in presence once a fart did let: + Some laugh'd a little; she forsook the place; + And, mad with shame, did eke her glove forget, + Which she return'd to fetch with bashful grace; + And when she would have said "this is[476] my glove," + "My fart," quod she; which did more laughter move. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[475] Not in MS. + +[476] So Isham copy.--Other eds. omit the words "this is." + + + + +IN MACRUM. XV. + + + Thou canst not speak yet, Macer; for to speak, + Is to distinguish sounds significant: + Thou with harsh noise the air dost rudely break; + But what thou utter'st common sense doth want,-- + Half-English words, with fustian terms among, + Much like the burden of a northern song. + + + + +IN FAUSTUM. XVI. + + + "That youth," said Faustus, "hath a lion seen, + Who from a dicing-house comes moneyless." + But when he lost his hair, where had he been? + I doubt me, he[477] had seen a lioness. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[477] So MS. and eds. B, C. Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + + + + +IN COSMUM. XVII. + + + Cosmus hath more discoursing in his head + Than Jove when Pallas issu'd from his brain; + And still he strives to be delivered + Of all his thoughts at once; but all in vain; + For, as we see at all the playhouse-doors, + When ended is the play, the dance, and song, + A thousand townsmen, gentlemen, and whores, + Porters, and serving-men, together throng,-- + So thoughts of drinking, thriving, wenching, war, + And borrowing money, ranging in his mind, 10 + To issue all at once so forward are, + As none at all can perfect passage find. + + + + +IN FLACCUM. XVIII. + + + The false knave Flaccus once a bribe I gave; + The more fool I to bribe so false a knave: + But he gave back my bribe; the more fool he, + That for my folly did not cozen me. + + + + +IN CINEAM. XIX. + + + Thou, dogged Cineas, hated like a dog, + For still thou grumblest like a masty[478] dog, + Compar'st thyself to nothing but a dog; + Thou say'st thou art as weary as a dog, + As angry, sick, and hungry as a dog, + As dull and melancholy as a dog, + As lazy, sleepy, idle[479] as a dog. + But why dost thou compare thee to a dog + In that for which all men despise a dog? + I will compare thee better to a dog; 10 + Thou art as fair and comely as a dog, + Thou art as true and honest as a dog, + Thou art as kind and liberal as a dog, + Thou art as wise and valiant as a dog. + But, Cineas, I have often[480] heard thee tell, + Thou art as like thy father as may be: + 'Tis like enough; and, faith, I like it well; + But I am glad thou art not like to me. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[478] Mastiff. + +[479] So Isham copy and MS.--Eds. A, B, C "and as idle." + +[480] So MS.--Isham copy and ed. A "oft." + + + + +IN GERONTEM.[481] XX. + + + Geron, whose[482] mouldy memory corrects + Old Holinshed our famous chronicler + With moral rules, and policy collects + Out of all actions done these fourscore year; + Accounts the time of every odd[483] event, + Not from Christ's birth, nor from the prince's reign, + But from some other famous accident, + Which in men's general notice doth remain,-- + The siege of Boulogne,[484] and the plaguy sweat,[485] + The going to Saint Quintin's[486] and New-Haven,[487] 10 + The rising[488] in the north, the frost so great, + That cart-wheel prints on Thamis' face were graven,[489] + The fall of money,[490] and burning of Paul's steeple,[491] + The blazing star,[492] and Spaniards' overthrow:[493] + By these events, notorious to the people, + He measures times, and things forepast doth show: + But most of all, he chiefly reckons by + A private chance,--the death of his curst[494] wife; + This is to him the dearest memory, + And th' happiest accident of all his life. 20 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[481] Not in MS. + +[482] So Isham copy.--Omitted in ed. A. + +[483] So Isham copy.--Eds. A, B, C "old." + +[484] Boulogne was captured by Henry VIII. in 1544. + +[485] The reference probably is to the visitation of 1551. + +[486] In 1557 an English corps under the Earl of Pembroke took part in +the war against France. "The English did not share in the glory of the +battle, for they were not present; but they arrived two days after to +take part in the storming of St. Quentin, and to share, to their shame, +in the sack and spoiling of the town."--Froude, VI. 52. + +[487] Havre.--The expedition was despatched in 1562. + +[488] Led by the Earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland in 1569. + +[489] The reference is to the frost of 1564.--"There was one great frost +in England in our memory, and that was in the 7th year of Queen +Elizabeth: which began upon the 21st of December and held in so +extremely that, upon New Year's eve following, people in multitudes went +upon the Thames from London Bridge to Westminster; some, as you tell me, +sir, they do now--playing at football, others shooting at pricks."--"The +Great Frost," 1608 (Arber's "English Garner," Vol. I.) + +[490] "This yeare [1560] in the end of September the copper monies which +had been coyned under King Henry the Eight and once before abased by +King Edward the Sixth, were again brought to a lower +valuacion."--Hayward's _Annals of Queen Elizabeth_, p. 73. + +[491] On the 4th June 1561, the steeple of St. Paul's was struck by +lightning. + +[492] "On the 10th of October (some say on the 7th) appeared a blazing +star in the north, bushing towards the east, which was nightly seen +diminishing of his brightness until the 21st of the same month."--Stow's +_Annales_, under the year 1580 (ed. 1615, p. 687). + +[493] The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. + +[494] Vixenish. + + + + +IN MARCUM. XXI. + + + When Marcus comes from Mins',[495] he still doth swear, + By "come[496] on seven," that all is lost and gone: + But that's not true; for he hath lost his hair, + Only for that he came too much on[497] one. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[495] Dyce conjectures that this was the name of some person who kept an +ordinary where gaming was practised. (MS. "for newes.") + +[496] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "a seaven." + +[497] So MS. with some eccentricities of spelling ("to much one +one").--Old eds. "at." + + + + +IN CYPRIUM. XXII. + + + The fine youth Cyprius is more terse and neat + Than the new garden of the Old Temple is; + And still the newest fashion he doth get, + And with the time doth change from that to this; + He wears a hat now of the flat-crown block,[498] + The treble ruff,[499] long coat, and doublet French: + He takes tobacco, and doth wear a lock,[500] + And wastes more time in dressing than a wench. + Yet this new-fangled youth, made for these times, + Doth, above all, praise old George[501] Gascoigne's rhymes.[502] 10 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[498] Shape or fashion; properly the wooden mould on which the crown of +a hat is shaped. + +[499] So MS.--Old eds. "ruffes." + +[500] Love-lock; a lock of hair hanging down the shoulder in the left +side. It was usually plaited with ribands. + +[501] So MS. and eds. B, C.--Not in Isham copy or ed. A. + +[502] Gascoigne's "rhymes" have been edited in two thick volumes by Mr. +Carew Hazlitt. He died on 7th October 1577. In Gabriel Harvey's _Letter +Book_ (recently edited by Mr. Edward Scott for the Camden Society) there +are some elegies on him. + + + + +IN CINEAM. XXIII. + + + When Cineas comes amongst his friends in morning, + He slyly looks[503] who first his cap doth move: + Him he salutes, the rest so grimly scorning, + As if for ever they had lost his love. + I, knowing how it doth the humour fit + Of this fond gull to be saluted first, + Catch at my cap, but move it not a whit: + Which he perceiving,[504] seems for spite to burst. + But, Cineas, why expect you more of me + Than I of you? I am as good a man, 10 + And better too by many a quality, + For vault, and dance, and fence, and rhyme I can: + You keep a whore at your own charge, men tell me; + Indeed, friend Cineas, therein you excel me.[505] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[503] So Isham copy and ed. A.--Eds. B, C "spies."--MS. "notes." + +[504] So the MS.--Isham copy and ed. A "Which perceiving he."--Eds. B, C +"Which to perceiving he." + +[505] The MS. adds-- + + "You keepe a whore att your [own] charge in towne; + Indeede, frend Ceneas, there you put me downe." + + + + +IN GALLUM. XXIV. + + + Gallus hath been this summer-time in Friesland, + And now, return'd, he speaks such warlike words, + As, if I could their English understand, + I fear me they would cut my throat like swords; + He talks of counter-scarfs,[506] and casamates,[507] + Of parapets, curtains, and palisadoes;[508] + Of flankers, ravelins, gabions he prates, + And of false-brays,[509] and sallies, and scaladoes.[510] + But, to requite such gulling terms as these, + With words to my profession I reply; 10 + I tell of fourching, vouchers, and counterpleas, + Of withernams, essoins, and champarty. + So, neither of us understanding either, + We part as wise as when we came together. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[506] Counter-scarps. + +[507] Old eds. "Casomates." + +[508] Old eds. "Of parapets, of curteneys, and pallizadois."--MS. "Of +parapelets, curtens and passadoes."--Cunningham prints "Of curtains, +parapets," &c. + +[509] "A term in fortification, exactly from the French _fausse-braie_, +which means, say the dictionaries, a counter-breast-work, or, in fact, a +mound thrown up to mask some part of the works. + + 'And made those strange approaches by false-brays, + Reduits, half-moons, horn-works, and such close ways.' + +_B. Jons. Underwoods._"--Nares. + +[510] Dyce points out that this passage is imitated in Fitzgeoffrey's +_Notes from Black-Fryers_, Sig. E. 7, ed. 1620. + + + + +IN DECIUM.[511] XXV. + + + Audacious painters have Nine Worthies made; + But poet Decius, more audacious far, + Making his mistress march with men of war, + With title of "Tenth Worthy" doth her lade. + Methinks that gull did use his terms as fit, + Which term'd his love "a giant for her wit." + +FOOTNOTES: + +[511] In this epigram, as Dyce showed, Davies is glancing at a sonnet of +Drayton's "To the Celestiall Numbers" in _Idea_. Jonson told Drummond +that "S. J. Davies played in ane Epigrame on Draton's, who in a sonnet +concluded his mistress might been the Ninth [sic] Worthy; and said he +used a phrase like Dametas in Arcadia, who said, For wit his Mistresse +might be a Gyant."--_Notes of Ben Jonson's Conversations with Drummond_, +p. 15. (ed. Shakesp. Soc.) + + + + +IN GELLAM. XXVI. + + + If Gella's beauty be examined, + She hath a dull dead eye, a saddle nose, + An ill-shap'd face, with morphew overspread, + And rotten teeth, which she in laughing shows; + Briefly, she is the filthiest wench in town, + Of all that do the art of whoring use: + But when she hath put on her satin gown, + Her cut[512] lawn apron, and her velvet shoes, + Her green silk stockings, and her petticoat + Of taffeta, with golden fringe around, 10 + And is withal perfum'd with civet hot, + Which doth her valiant stinking breath confound,-- + Yet she with these additions is no more + Than a sweet, filthy, fine, ill-favour'd whore. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[512] So MS.--Old eds. "out." + + + + +IN SYLLAM. XXVII. + + + Sylla is often challeng'd to the field, + To answer, like a gentleman, his foes: + But then doth he this[513] only answer yield, + That he hath livings and fair lands to lose. + Sylla, if none but beggars valiant were, + The king of Spain would put us all in fear. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[513] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "when doth he his." + + + + +IN SYLLAM. XXVIII. + + + Who dares affirm that Sylla dare not fight? + When I dare swear he dares adventure more + Than the most brave and most[514] all-daring wight + That ever arms with resolution bore; + He that dare touch the most unwholesome whore + That ever was retir'd into the spittle, + And dares court wenches standing at a door + (The portion of his wit being passing little); + He that dares give his dearest friends offences, + Which other valiant fools do fear to do, 10 + And, when a fever doth confound his senses, + Dare eat raw beef, and drink strong wine thereto: + He that dares take tobacco on the stage,[515] + Dares man a whore at noon-day through the street, + Dares dance in Paul's, and in this formal age + Dares say and do whatever is unmeet; + Whom fear of shame could never yet affright, + Who dares affirm that Sylla dares not fight? + +FOOTNOTES: + +[514] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "most brave, most all daring."--Eds. B, C +"most brave and all daring."--MS. "most valiant and all-daring." + +[515] There are frequent allusions to this practice. Cf. Induction to +_Cynthia's Revels_:--"I have my three sorts of tobacco in my pocket; my +light by me." + + + + +IN HEYWODUM. XXIX. + + + Heywood,[516] that did in epigrams excel, + Is now put down since my light Muse arose;[517] + As buckets are put down into a well, + Or as a schoolboy putteth down his hose. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[516] John Heywood, the well-known epigrammatist and interlude-writer. +His Proverbs were edited in 1874, with a pleasantly-written Introduction +and useful notes, by Mr. Julian Sharman. + +[517] Dyce refers to a passage of Sir John Harington's _Metamorphosis of +Ajax_, 1596:--"This Haywood for his proverbs and epigrams is not yet put +down by any of our country, though one [marginal note, M. Davies] doth +indeed come near him, that graces him the more in saying he puts him +down." He quotes also from Bastard's _Chrestoleros_, 1598 (Lib. ii. Ep. +15); Lib. iii. Ep. 3, and Freeman's _Rubbe and a Great Cast_ ( Pt. ii., +Ep. 100), allusions to the present epigram. + + + + +IN DACUM.[518] XXX. + + + Amongst the poets Dacus number'd is, + Yet could he never make an English rhyme: + But some prose speeches I have heard of his, + Which have been spoken many a hundred time; + The man that keeps the elephant hath one, + Wherein he tells the wonders of the beast; + Another Banks pronounced long agone, + When he his curtal's[519] qualities express'd: + He first taught him that keeps the monuments + At Westminster, his formal tale to say, 10 + And also him which puppets represents, + And also him which with the ape doth play. + Though all his poetry be like to this, + Amongst the poets Dacus number'd is. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[518] Samuel Daniel. See Ep. xlv. + +[519] All the information about Banks' wonderful horse Moroccus ("the +little horse that ambled on the top of Paul's") is collected in Mr. +Halliwell-Phillips' _Memoranda on Love's Labour Lost_. + + + + +IN PRISCUM. XXXI. + + + When Priscus, rais'd from low to high estate, + Rode through the street in pompous jollity, + Caius, his poor familiar friend of late, + Bespake him thus, "Sir, now you know not me," + "'Tis likely, friend," quoth Priscus, "to be so, + For at this time myself I do not know." + + + + +IN BRUNUM. XXXII. + + + Brunus, which deems[520] himself a fair sweet youth, + Is nine and thirty[521] year of age at least; + Yet was he never, to confess the truth, + But a dry starveling when he was at best. + This gull was sick to show his nightcap fine, + And his wrought pillow overspread with lawn; + But hath been well since his grief's cause hath line[522] + At Trollop's by Saint Clement's Church in pawn. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[520] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy and ed. A "thinks." + +[521] Old eds. "thirtie nine." MS. "nine and thirtith." + +[522] Lain. + + + + +IN FRANCUM. XXXIII. + + + When Francus comes to solace with his whore, + He sends for rods, and strips himself stark naked; + For his lust sleeps, and will not rise before, + By whipping of the wench, it be awaked. + I envy him not, but wish I[523] had the power + To make myself his wench but one half-hour. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[523] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "he." + + + + +IN CASTOREM. XXXIV. + + + Of speaking well why do we learn the skill, + Hoping thereby honour and wealth to gain? + Sith railing Castor doth, by speaking ill, + Opinion of much wit, and gold obtain. + + + + +IN SEPTIMIUM. XXXV. + + + Septimius[524] lives, and is like garlic seen, + For though his head be white, his blade is green. + This old mad colt deserves a martyr's praise, + For he was burned[525] in Queen Mary's days. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[524] So ed. B.--Isham copy, ed. A, and MS. "Septimus." + +[525] "Burn" is often used with an indelicate _double entendre_. Cf. +_Lear_ iii. 2, "No heretics _burned_ but wenchers' suitors;" _Troilus +and Cressida_, v. 2, "A _burning_ devil take them." + + + + +OF TOBACCO. XXXVI. + + + Homer of Moly and Nepenthe sings; + Moly, the gods' most sovereign herb divine, + Nepenthe, Helen's[526] drink, which gladness brings, + Heart's grief expels, and doth the wit refine. + But this our age another world hath found, + From whence an herb of heavenly power is brought; + Moly is not so sovereign for a wound, + Nor hath nepenthe so great wonders wrought. + It is tobacco, whose sweet subtle[527] fume + The hellish torment of the teeth doth ease, 10 + By drawing down and drying up the rheum, + The mother and the nurse of each disease; + It is tobacco, which doth cold expel, + And clears th' obstructions of the arteries, + And surfeits threatening death digesteth well, + Decocting all the stomach's crudities;[528] + It is tobacco, which hath power to clarify + The cloudy mists before dim eyes appearing; + It is tobacco, which hath power to rarify + The thick gross humour which doth stop the hearing; 20 + The wasting hectic, and the quartan fever, + Which doth of physic make a mockery, + The gout it cures, and helps ill breaths for ever, + Whether the cause in teeth or stomach be; + And though ill breaths were by it but confounded, + Yet that vild[529] medicine it doth far excel, + Which by Sir Thomas More[530] hath been propounded, + For this is thought a gentleman-like smell. + O, that I were one of these mountebanks + Which praise their oils and powders which they sell! 30 + My customers would give me coin with thanks; + I for this ware, forsooth,[531] a tale would tell: + Yet would I use none of these terms before; + I would but say, that it the pox will cure; + This were enough, without discoursing more, + All our brave gallants in the town t'allure. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[526] Isham copy, "Heuens;" and eds. B, C "Heauens."--MS. +"helevs."--Davies alludes to _Odyssey_ iv., 219, &c. + +[527] So MS.--Old eds. "substantiall." + +[528] We are reminded of Bobadil's encomium of tobacco:--"I could say +what I know of the virtue of it, for the expulsion of rheums, raw +humours, crudities, obstructions, with a thousand of this kind; but I +profess myself no quacksalver. Only this much: by Hercules I do hold it +and will affirm it before any prince in Europe to be the most sovereign +and precious weed that ever the earth tendered to the use of man." + +[529] So MS.--Not in old eds. + +[530] Dyce quotes from More's _Lucubrationes_ (ed. 1563, p. 261), an +epigram headed "Medicinae ad tollendos foetores anhelitus, provenientes +a cibis quibusdam." + +[531] So eds. A, B, C.--Isham copy "so smooth."--MS. "so faire." + + + + +IN CRASSUM. XXXVII. + + + Crassus his lies are no[532] pernicious lies, + But pleasant fictions, hurtful unto none + But to himself; for no man counts him wise + To tell for truth that which for false is known. + He swears that Gaunt[533] is three-score miles about, + And that the bridge at Paris[534] on the Seine + Is of such thickness, length, and breadth throughout, + That six-score arches can it scarce sustain; + He swears he saw so great a dead man's skull + At Canterbury digg'd out of the ground, 10 + As[535] would contain of wheat three bushels full; + And that in Kent are twenty yeomen found, + Of which the poorest every year[536] dispends + Five thousand pound: these and five thousand mo + So oft he hath recited to his friends, + That now himself persuades himself 'tis so. + But why doth Crassus tell his lies so rife, + Of bridges, towns, and things that have no life? + He is a lawyer, and doth well espy + That for such lies an action will not lie. 20 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[532] So MS.--Eds. "not." + +[533] Ghent. + +[534] The reference probably is to the Pont Neuf, begun by Henry III. +and finished by Henry IV. + +[535] So MS.--Old eds. "That." + +[536] MS. "day!" + + + + +IN PHILONEM. XXXVIII. + + + Philo, the lawyer,[537] and the fortune-teller, + The school-master, the midwife,[538] and the bawd, + The conjurer, the buyer and the seller + Of painting which with breathing will be thaw'd, + Doth practise physic; and his credit grows, + As doth the ballad-singer's auditory, + Which hath at Temple-Bar his standing chose, + And to the vulgar sings an ale-house story: + First stands a porter; then an oyster-wife + Doth stint her cry and stay her steps to hear him; 10 + Then comes a cutpurse ready with his[539] knife, + And then a country client presseth[540] near him; + There stands the constable, there stands the whore, + And, hearkening[541] to the song, mark[542] not each other; + There by the serjeant stands the debitor,[543] + And doth no more mistrust him than his brother: + This[544] Orpheus to such hearers giveth music, + And Philo to such patients giveth physic. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[537] Isham copy and MS. "gentleman." + +[538] MS. "widdow." + +[539] So Isham copy and MS.--Other eds. "a." + +[540] So Isham copy.--Other eds. "passeth."--MS. "presses." + +[541] So Isham copy, ed. A, and MS.--Eds. B, C "listening." + +[542] So Isham copy, ed. A, and MS.--Eds. B, C "heed." + +[543] So eds. B, C.--Isham copy, MS., and ed. A, "debtor poor."--With +the foregoing description of the "ballad-singer's auditory" compare +Wordsworth's lines _On the power of Music_, and Vincent Bourne's +charming Latin verses (entitled _Cantatrices_) on the Ballad Singers of +the Seven Dials. + +[544] So MS.--Eds. "Thus." + + + + +IN FUSCUM. XXXIX. + + + Fuscus is free, and hath the world at will; + Yet, in the course of life that he doth lead, + He's like a horse which, turning round a mill, + Doth always in the self-same circle tread: + First, he doth rise at ten;[545] and at eleven + He goes to Gill's, where he doth eat till one; + Then sees a play till six;[546] and sups at seven; + And, after supper, straight to bed is gone; + And there till ten next day he doth remain; + And then he dines; then sees a comedy; 10 + And then he sups, and goes to bed again: + Thus round he runs without variety, + Save that sometimes he comes not to the play, + But falls into a whore-house by the way. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[545] Cf. a somewhat similar description in Guilpin's _Skialetheia_ (Ep. +25):-- + + "My lord most court-like lies abed till noon, + Then all high-stomacht riseth to his dinner; + Falls straight to dice before his meat be down, + Or to digest walks to some female sinner; + Perhaps fore-tired he gets him to a play, + Comes home to supper and then falls to dice; + Then his devotion wakes till it be day, + And so to bed where unto noon he lies." + +[546] If the play ended at six, it could hardly have begun before three. +From numerous passages it appears that performances frequently began at +three, or even later. Probably the curtain rose at one in the winter and +three in the summer. + + + + +IN AFRUM. XL. + + + The smell-feast[547] Afer travels to the Burse + Twice every day, the flying news to hear; + Which, when he hath no money in his purse, + To rich men's tables he doth ever[548] bear. + He tells how Groni[n]gen[549] is taken in[550] + By the brave conduct of illustrious Vere, + And how the Spanish forces Brest would win, + But that they do victorious Norris[551] fear. + No sooner is a ship at sea surpris'd, + But straight he learns the news, and doth disclose it; + No[552] sooner hath the Turk a plot devis'd + To conquer Christendom, but straight he knows it. + Fair-written in a scroll he hath the names + Of all the widows which the plague hath made; + And persons, times, and places, still he frames + To every tale, the better to persuade. + We call him Fame, for that the wide-mouth slave + Will eat as fast as he will utter lies; 20 + For fame is said an hundred mouths to have, + And he eats more than would five-score suffice. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[547] This word is found in Chapman, Harrington, and others. + +[548] So MS.--Old eds. "often." + +[549] Groningen was taken by Maurice of Nassau. Vere was present at the +siege. + +[550] The expression "take in" (in the sense of "conquer, capture") is +very common. + +[551] An English expedition, under Sir John Norris, was sent to Brittany +in 1594. + +[552] This line and the next are found only in Isham copy and MS. + + + + +IN PAULUM. XLI. + + + By lawful mart, and by unlawful stealth, + Paulus, in spite of envy, fortunate, + Derives out of the ocean so much wealth, + As he may well maintain a lord's estate: + But on the land a little gulf there is, + Wherein he drowneth all this[553] wealth of his. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[553] So Isham copy--Eds. A, B, C "the."--MS. "ye." + + + + +IN LYCUM. XLII. + + + Lycus, which lately is to Venice gone, + Shall, if he do return, gain three for one;[554] + But, ten to one, his knowledge and his wit + Will not be better'd or increas'd a whit. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[554] When a person started on a long or dangerous voyage it was +customary to deposit--or, as it was called, "put out"--a sum of money, +on condition of receiving at his return a high rate of interest. If he +failed to return the money was lost. There are frequent allusions in old +authors to this practice. + + + + +IN PUBLIUM. XLIII. + + + Publius, a[555] student at the Common-Law, + Oft leaves his books, and, for his recreation, + To Paris-garden[556] doth himself withdraw; + Where he is ravish'd with such delectation, + As down amongst the bears and dogs he goes; + Where, whilst he skipping cries, "To head, to head,"[557] + His satin doublet and his velvet hose + Are all with spittle from above be-spread; + Then is he like his father's country hall, + Stinking of dogs, and muted[558] all with hawks; 10 + And rightly too on him this filth doth fall, + Which for such filthy sports his books forsakes, + Leaving old Ployden, Dyer, and Brooke alone, + To see old Harry Hunkes and Sacarson.[559] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[555] So MS.--Not in old eds. + +[556] The Bear-Garden in the Bankside, Southwark. + +[557] In _Titus Andronicus_, v. 1, we have the expression "to fight at +head" ("As true a dog as ever fought _at head_"). "To fly at the head" +was equivalent to "attack;" and in Nares' _Glossary_ (ed. Halliwell) the +expression "run on head," in the sense of incite, is quoted from +Heywood's _Spider and Flie_, 1556. + +[558] Covered with hawks' dung. + +[559] "Harry Hunkes" and "Sacarson" were the names of two famous bears +(probably named after their keepers). Slender boasted to Anne Page, "I +have seen Sackarson loose twenty times and have taken him by the chain." + + + + +IN SYLLAM. XLIV. + + + When I this proposition had defended, + "A coward cannot be an honest man," + Thou, Sylla, seem'st forthwith to be offended, + And hold'st[560] the contrary, and swear'st[561] he can. + But when I tell thee that he will forsake + His dearest friend in peril of his life, + Thou then art chang'd, and say'st thou didst mistake; + And so we end our argument and strife: + Yet I think oft, and think I think aright, + Thy argument argues thou wilt not fight. 10 + +FOOTNOTES: + +[560] So MS.--Old eds. "holds." + +[561] So MS.--Old eds. "swears." + + + + +IN DACUM. XLV. + + + Dacus,[562] with some good colour and pretence, + Terms his love's beauty "silent eloquence;" + For she doth lay more colours on her face + Than ever Tully us'd his speech to grace. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[562] Dyce shows that Samuel Daniel is meant by Dacus (who has already +been ridiculed in _Ep._ xxx.). In Daniel's _Complaint of Rosamond_ +(1592) are the lines:-- + + "Ah, beauty, syren, faire enchanting good, + Sweet _silent rhetorique_ of perswading eyes, + _Dumb eloquence_, whose power doth move the blood + More than the words or wisedome of the wise," &c. + +Perhaps there is an allusion to this epigram in Marston's fourth +satire:-- + + "What, shall not Rosamond or Gaveston + Ope their sweet lips without detraction? + But must our modern critticks envious eye + Seeme thus to quote some grosse deformity, + Where art not error shineth in their stile, + But error and no art doth thee beguile?" + + + + +IN MARCUM. XLVI. + + + Why dost thou, Marcus, in thy misery + Rail and blaspheme, and call the heavens unkind? + The heavens do owe[563] no kindness unto thee, + Thou hast the heavens so little in thy mind; + For in thy life thou never usest prayer + But at primero, to encounter fair. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[563] So eds. B, C.--Ed. A "draw" (Epigram xlv.-xlviii. are not in the +MS.) + + + + +MEDITATIONS OF A GULL. XLVII. + + + See, yonder melancholy gentleman, + Which, hood-wink'd with his hat, alone doth sit! + Think what he thinks, and tell me, if you can, + What great affairs trouble his little wit. + He thinks not of the war 'twixt France and Spain,[564] + Whether it be for Europe's good or ill, + Nor whether the Empire can itself maintain + Against the Turkish power encroaching still;[565] + Nor what great town in all the Netherlands + The States determine to besiege this spring, 10 + Nor how the Scottish policy now stands, + Nor what becomes of the Irish mutining.[566] + But he doth seriously bethink him whether + Of the gull'd people he be more esteem'd + For his long cloak or for[567] his great black feather + By which each gull is now a gallant deem'd; + Or of a journey he deliberates + To Paris-garden, Cock-pit, or the play; + Or how to steal a dog he meditates, + Or what he shall unto his mistress say. + Yet with these thoughts he thinks himself most fit + To be of counsel with a king for wit. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[564] Ended in 1598 by the peace of Vervins. + +[565] The war between Austria and Turkey was brought to a close in 1606. + +[566] A reference to Tyrone's insurrection, 1595-1602. + +[567] So Isham copy.--Not in other eds. + + + + +AD MUSAM. XLVIII. + + + Peace, idle Muse, have done! for it is time, + Since lousy Ponticus envies my fame, + And swears the better sort are much to blame + To make me so well known for my ill rhyme. + Yet Banks his horse[568] is better known than he; + So are the camels and the western hog, + And so is Lepidus his printed dog[569]: + Why doth not Ponticus their fames envy? + Besides, this Muse of mine and the black feather + Grew both together fresh in estimation; 10 + And both, grown stale, were cast away together: + What fame is this that scarce lasts out a fashion? + Only this last in credit doth remain, + That from henceforth each bastard cast-forth rhyme, + Which doth but savour of a libel vein, + Shall call me father, and be thought my crime; + So dull, and with so little sense endued, + Is my gross-headed judge the multitude. + +J. D. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[568] See note, p. 232. + +[569] Dyce points out that by Lepidus is meant Sir John Harington, whose +dog Bungey is represented in a compartment of the engraved title-page of +the translation of _Orlando Furioso_, 1591. In his epigrams (Book III. +Ep. 21) Harington refers to this epigram of Davies, and expresses +himself greatly pleased at the compliment paid to his dog. + + + + +IGNOTO. + + + I[570] love thee not for sacred chastity,-- + Who loves for that?--nor for thy sprightly wit; + I love thee not for thy sweet modesty, + Which makes thee in perfection's throne to sit; + I love thee not for thy enchanting eye, + Thy beauty['s] ravishing perfection; + I love thee not for unchaste luxury, + Nor for thy body's fair proportion; + I love thee not for that my soul doth dance + And leap with pleasure, when those lips of thine + Give musical and graceful utterance + To some (by thee made happy) poet's line; + I love thee not for voice or slender small: + But wilt thou know wherefore? fair sweet, for all. + + Faith, wench, I cannot court thy sprightly eyes, + With the base-viol plac'd between my thighs; + I cannot lisp, nor to some fiddle sing, + Nor run upon a high-stretch'd minikin; + I cannot whine in puling elegies, + Entombing Cupid with sad obsequies; + I am not fashion'd for these amorous times, + To court thy beauty with lascivious rhymes; + I cannot dally, caper, dance, and sing, + Oiling my saint with supple sonneting; + I cannot cross my arms, or sigh "Ay me, + Ay me, forlorn!" egregious foppery! + I cannot buss thy fist,[571] play with thy hair, + Swearing by Jove, "thou art most debonair!" + Not I, by cock! but [I] shall tell thee roundly,-- + Hark in thine ear,--zounds, I can (----) thee soundly. + + Sweet wench, I love thee: yet I will not sue, + Or show my love as musky courtiers do; + I'll not carouse a health to honour thee, + In this same bezzling[572] drunken courtesy, + And, when all's quaff'd, eat up my bousing-glass[573] + In glory that I am thy servile ass; + Nor will I wear a rotten Bourbon lock,[574] + As some sworn peasant to a female smock. + Well-featur'd lass, thou know'st I love thee dear: + Yet for thy sake I will not bore mine ear, + To hang thy dirty silken shoe-tires there; + Nor for thy love will I once gnash a brick, + Or some pied colours in my bonnet stick:[575] + But, by the chaps of hell, to do thee good, + I'll freely spend my thrice-decocted blood. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[570] This sonnet and the two following pieces are only found in Isham +copy and ed. A. + +[571] So Isham copy.--Ed. A "fill." + +[572] Tippling. + +[573] "Bouse" was a cant term for "drink." + +[574] See note v. p. 226. + +[575] It was a common practice for gallants to wear their mistresses' +garters in their hats. + + + + +THE FIRST BOOK OF LUCAN. + + +_Lucans First Booke Translated Line for Line, By Chr. Marlow. At London, +Printed by P. Short, and are to be sold by Walter Burre at the Signe of +the Flower de Luce in Paules Churchyard_, 1600, 4_to._ + +This is the only early edition. The title-page of the 1600 4to. of _Hero +and Leander_ has the words, "Whereunto is added the first booke of +Lucan;" but the two pieces are not found in conjunction. + + + + +TO HIS KIND AND TRUE FRIEND, EDWARD BLUNT.[576] + + +Blunt,[577] I propose to be blunt with you, and, out of my dulness, to +encounter you with a Dedication in memory of that pure elemental wit, +Chr. Marlowe, whose ghost or genius is to be seen walk the +Churchyard,[578] in, at the least, three or four sheets. Methinks you +should presently look wild now, and grow humorously frantic upon the +taste of it. Well, lest you should, let me tell you, this spirit was +sometime a familiar of your own, _Lucan's First Book translated_; which, +in regard of your old right in it, I have raised in the circle of your +patronage. But stay now, Edward: if I mistake not, you are to +accommodate yourself with some few instructions, touching the property +of a patron, that you are not yet possessed of; and to study them for +your better grace, as our gallants do fashions. First, you must be +proud, and think you have merit enough in you, though you are ne'er so +empty; then, when I bring you the book, take physic, and keep state; +assign me a time by your man to come again; and, afore the day, be sure +to have changed your lodging; in the meantime sleep little, and sweat +with the invention of some pitiful dry jest or two, which you may happen +to utter with some little, or not at all, marking of your friends, when +you have found a place for them to come in at; or, if by chance +something has dropped from you worth the taking up, weary all that come +to you with the often repetition of it; censure, scornfully enough, and +somewhat like a traveller; commend nothing, lest you discredit your +(that which you would seem to have) judgment. These things, if you can +mould yourself to them, Ned, I make no question that they will not +become you. One special virtue in our patrons of these days I have +promised myself you shall fit excellently, which is, to give nothing; +yes, thy love I will challenge as my peculiar object, both in this, and, +I hope, many more succeeding offices. Farewell: I affect not the world +should measure my thoughts to thee by a scale of this nature: leave to +think good of me when I fall from thee. + +Thine in all rights of perfect friendship, + + THOMAS THORPE. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[576] A well-known bookseller. + +[577] Old ed. "Blount." + +[578] Paul's churchyard, the Elizabethan "Booksellers' Row." + + + + +THE FIRST BOOK OF LUCAN. + + + Wars worse than civil on Thessalian plains, + And outrage strangling law, and people strong, + We sing, whose conquering swords their own breasts lancht,[579] + Armies allied, the kingdom's league uprooted, + Th' affrighted world's force bent on public spoil, + Trumpets and drums, like[580] deadly, threatening other, + Eagles alike display'd, darts answering darts, + Romans, what madness, what huge lust of war, + Hath made barbarians drunk with Latin blood? + Now Babylon, proud through our spoil, should stoop, 10 + While slaughter'd Crassus' ghost walks unreveng'd, + Will ye wage war, for which you shall not triumph? + Ay me! O, what a world of land and sea + Might they have won whom civil broils have slain! + As far as Titan springs, where night dims heaven, + I, to the torrid zone where mid-day burns, + And where stiff winter, whom no spring resolves, + Fetters the Euxine Sea with chains of ice; + Scythia and wild Armenia had been yok'd, + And they of Nilus' mouth, if there live any. 20 + Rome, if thou take delight in impious war, + First conquer all the earth, then turn thy force + Against thyself: as yet thou wants not foes. + That now the walls of houses half-reared totter, + That, rampires fallen down, huge heaps of stone + Lie in our towns, that houses are abandon'd, + And few live that behold their ancient seats; + Italy many years hath lien untill'd + And chok'd with thorns; that greedy earth wants hinds;-- + Fierce Pyrrhus, neither thou nor Hannibal 30 + Art cause; no foreign foe could so afflict us: + These plagues arise from wreak of civil power. + But if for Nero, then unborn, the Fates + Would find no other means, and gods not slightly + Purchase immortal thrones, nor Jove joy'd heaven + Until the cruel giants' war was done; + We plain not, heavens, but gladly bear these evils + For Nero's sake: Pharsalia groan with slaughter, + And Carthage souls be glutted with our bloods! + At Munda let the dreadful battles join; 40 + Add, Caesar, to these ills, Perusian famine, + The Mutin toils, the fleet at Luca[s] sunk, + And cruel[581] field near burning AEtna fought! + Yet Rome is much bound to these civil arms, + Which made thee emperor. Thee (seeing thou, being old, + Must shine a star) shall heaven (whom thou lovest) + Receive with shouts; where thou wilt reign as king, + Or mount the Sun's flame-bearing chariot, + And with bright restless fire compass the earth, + Undaunted though her former guide be chang'd; 50 + Nature and every power shall give thee place, + What god it please thee be, or where to sway. + But neither choose the north t'erect thy seat, + Nor yet the adverse reeking[582] southern pole, + Whence thou shouldst view thy Rome with squinting[583] beams. + If any one part of vast heaven thou swayest, + The burden'd axes[584] with thy force will bend: + The midst is best; that place is pure and bright; + There, Caesar, mayst thou shine, and no cloud dim thee. + Then men from war shall bide in league and ease, 60 + Peace through the world from Janus' face shall fly, + And bolt the brazen gates with bars of iron. + Thou, Caesar, at this instant art my god; + Thee if I invocate, I shall not need + To crave Apollo's aid or Bacchus' help; + Thy power inspires the Muse that sings this war. + The causes first I purpose to unfold + Of these garboils,[585] whence springs a long discourse; + And what made madding people shake off peace. + The Fates are envious, high seats[586] quickly perish, 70 + Under great burdens falls are ever grievous; + Rome was so great it could not bear itself. + So when this world's compounded union breaks, + Time ends, and to old Chaos all things turn, + Confused stars shall meet, celestial fire + Fleet on the floods, the earth shoulder the sea, + Affording it no shore, and Phoebe's wain + Chase Phoebus, and enrag'd affect his place, + And strive to shine by day and full of strife + Dissolve the engines of the broken world. 80 + All great things crush themselves; such end the gods + Allot the height of honour; men so strong + By land and sea, no foreign force could ruin. + O Rome, thyself art cause of all these evils, + Thyself thus shiver'd out to three men's shares! + Dire league of partners in a kingdom last not. + O faintly-join'd friends, with ambition blind, + Why join you force to share the world betwixt you? + While th' earth the sea, and air the earth sustains, + While Titan strives against the world's swift course, 90 + Or Cynthia, night's queen, waits upon the day, + Shall never faith be found in fellow kings: + Dominion cannot suffer partnership. + This need[s] no foreign proof nor far-fet[587] story: + Rome's infant walls were steep'd in brother's blood; + Nor then was land or sea, to breed such hate; + A town with one poor church set them at odds.[588] + Caesar's and Pompey's jarring love soon ended, + 'Twas peace against their wills; betwixt them both + Stepp'd Crassus in. Even as the slender isthmos, 100 + Betwixt the AEgaean,[589] and the Ionian sea, + Keeps each from other, but being worn away, + They both burst out, and each encounter other; + So whenas Crassus' wretched death, who stay'd them, + Had fill'd Assyrian Carra's[590] walls with blood, + His loss made way for Roman outrages. + Parthians, y'afflict us more than ye suppose; + Being conquer'd, we are plagu'd with civil war. + Swords share our empire: Fortune, that made Rome + Govern the earth, the sea, the world itself, 110 + Would not admit two lords; for Julia, + Snatch'd hence by cruel Fates, with ominous howls + Bare down to hell her son, the pledge of peace, + And all bands of that death-presaging alliance. + Julia, had heaven given thee longer life, + Thou hadst restrain'd thy headstrong husband's rage, + Yea, and thy father too, and, swords thrown down, + Made all shake hands, as once the Sabines did: + Thy death broke amity, and train'd to war + These captains emulous of each other's glory. 120 + Thou fear'd'st, great Pompey, that late deeds would dim + Old triumphs, and that Caesar's conquering France + Would dash the wreath thou war'st for pirates' wreck: + Thee war's use stirr'd, and thoughts that always scorn'd + A second place. Pompey could bide no equal, + Nor Caesar no superior: which of both + Had justest cause, unlawful 'tis to judge: + Each side had great partakers; Caesar's cause + The gods abetted, Cato lik'd the other.[591] + Both differ'd much. Pompey was struck in years, 130 + And by long rest forgot to manage arms, + And, being popular, sought by liberal gifts + To gain the light unstable commons' love, + And joy'd to hear his theatre's applause: + He lived secure, boasting his former deeds, + And thought his name sufficient to uphold him: + Like to a tall oak in a fruitful field, + Bearing old spoils and conquerors' monuments, + Who, though his root be weak, and his own weight + Keep him within the ground, his arms all bare, 140 + His body, not his boughs, send forth a shade; + Though every blast it nod,[592] and seem to fall, + When all the woods about stand bolt upright, + Yet he alone is held in reverence. + Caesar's renown for war was loss; he restless, + Shaming to strive but where he did subdue; + When ire or hope provok'd, heady and bold; + At all times charging home, and making havoc; + Urging his fortune, trusting in the gods, + Destroying what withstood his proud desires, 150 + And glad when blood and ruin made him way: + So thunder, which the wind tears from the clouds, + With crack of riven air and hideous sound + Filling the world, leaps out and throws forth fire, + Affrights poor fearful men, and blasts their eyes + With overthwarting flames, and raging shoots + Alongst the air, and, not resisting it, + Falls, and returns, and shivers where it lights. + Such humours stirr'd them up; but this war's seed + Was even the same that wrecks all great dominions. 160 + When Fortune made us lords of all, wealth flow'd, + And then we grew licentious and rude; + The soldiers' prey and rapine brought in riot; + Men took delight in jewels, houses, plate, + And scorn'd old sparing diet, and ware robes + Too light for women; Poverty, who hatch'd + Rome's greatest wits,[593] was loath'd, and all the world + Ransack'd for gold, which breeds the world['s] decay; + And then large limits had their butting lands; + The ground, which Curius and Camillus till'd, 170 + Was stretched unto the fields of hinds unknown. + Again, this people could not brook calm peace; + Them freedom without war might not suffice: + Quarrels were rife; greedy desire, still poor, + Did vild deeds; then 'twas worth the price of blood, + And deem'd renown, to spoil their native town; + Force mastered right, the strongest govern'd all; + Hence came it that th' edicts were over-rul'd, + That laws were broke, tribunes with consuls strove, + Sale made of offices, and people's voices 180 + Bought by themselves and sold, and every year + Frauds and corruption in the Field of Mars; + Hence interest and devouring usury sprang, + Faith's breach, and hence came war, to most men welcome. + Now Caesar overpass'd the snowy Alps; + His mind was troubled, and he aim'd at war: + And coming to the ford of Rubicon, + At night in dreadful vision fearful[594] Rome + Mourning appear'd, whose hoary hairs were torn, + And on her turret-bearing head dispers'd, 190 + And arms all naked; who, with broken sighs, + And staring, thus bespoke: "What mean'st thou, Caesar? + Whither goes my standard? Romans if ye be, + And bear true hearts, stay here!" This spectacle + Struck Caesar's heart with fear; his hair stood up, + And faintness numb'd his steps there on the brink. + He thus cried out: "Thou thunderer that guard'st + Rome's mighty walls, built on Tarpeian rock! + Ye gods of Phrygia and Ilus' line, + Quirinus' rites, and Latian Jove advanc'd 200 + On Alba hill! O vestal flames! O Rome, + My thoughts sole goddess, aid mine enterprise! + I hate thee not, to thee my conquests stoop: + Caesar is thine, so please it thee, thy soldier. + He, he afflicts Rome that made me Rome's foe." + This said, he, laying aside all lets[595] of war, + Approach'd the swelling stream with drum and ensign: + Like to a lion of scorch'd desert Afric, + Who, seeing hunters, pauseth till fell wrath + And kingly rage increase, then, having whisk'd 210 + His tail athwart his back, and crest heav'd up, + With jaws wide-open ghastly roaring out, + Albeit the Moor's light javelin or his spear + Sticks in his side, yet runs upon the hunter. + In summer-time the purple Rubicon, + Which issues from a small spring, is but shallow, + And creeps along the vales, dividing just + The bounds of Italy from Cisalpine France. + But now the winter's wrath, and watery moon + Being three days old, enforc'd the flood to swell, 220 + And frozen Alps thaw'd with resolving winds. + The thunder-hoof'd[596] horse, in a crooked line, + To scape the violence of the stream, first waded; + Which being broke, the foot had easy passage. + As soon as Caesar got unto the bank + And bounds of Italy, "Here, here," saith he, + "An end of peace; here end polluted laws! + Hence leagues and covenants! Fortune, thee I follow! + War and the Destinies shall try my cause." + This said, the restless general through the dark, 230 + Swifter than bullets thrown from Spanish slings, + Or darts which Parthians backward shoot, march'd on; + And then, when Lucifer did shine alone, + And some dim stars, he Ariminum enter'd. + Day rose, and view'd these tumults of the war: + Whether the gods or blustering south were cause + I know not, but the cloudy air did frown. + The soldiers having won the market-place, + There spread the colours with confused noise + Of trumpets' clang, shrill cornets, whistling fifes. 240 + The people started; young men left their beds, + And snatch'd arms near their household-gods hung up, + Such as peace yields; worm-eaten leathern targets, + Through which the wood peer'd,[597] headless darts, old swords + With ugly teeth of black rust foully scarr'd. + But seeing white eagles, and Rome's flags well known, + And lofty Caesar in the thickest throng, + They shook for fear, and cold benumb'd their limbs, + And muttering much, thus to themselves complain'd: + "O walls unfortunate, too near to France! 250 + Predestinate to ruin! all lands else + Have stable peace: here war's rage first begins; + We bide the first brunt. Safer might we dwell + Under the frosty bear, or parching east, + Waggons or tents, than in this frontier town. + We first sustain'd the uproars of the Gauls + And furious Cimbrians, and of Carthage Moors: + As oft as Rome was sack'd, here gan the spoil." + Thus sighing whisper'd they, and none durst speak, + And show their fear or grief; but as the fields 260 + When birds are silent thorough winter's rage, + Or sea far from the land, so all were whist,[598] + Now light had quite dissolv'd the misty night, + And Caesar's mind unsettled musing stood; + But gods and fortune pricked him to this war, + Infringing all excuse of modest shame, + And labouring to approve[599] his quarrel good. + The angry senate, urging Gracchus'[600] deeds, + From doubtful Rome wrongly expell'd the tribunes + That cross'd them: both which now approach'd the camp, 270 + And with them Curio, sometime tribune too, + One that was fee'd for Caesar, and whose tongue + Could tune the people to the nobles' mind.[601] + "Caesar," said he, "while eloquence prevail'd, + And I might plead and draw the commons' minds + To favour thee, against the senate's will, + Five years I lengthen'd thy command in France; + But law being put to silence by the wars, + We, from her houses driven, most willingly + Suffer'd exile: let thy sword bring us home, 280 + Now, while their part is weak and fears, march hence: + Where men are ready lingering ever hurts.[602] + In ten years wonn'st thou France: Rome may be won + With far less toil, and yet the honour's more; + Few battles fought with prosperous success + May bring her down, and with her all the world. + Nor shalt thou triumph when thou com'st to Rome, + Nor Capitol be adorn'd with sacred bays; + Envy denies all; with thy blood must thou + Aby thy conquest past:[603] the son decrees 290 + To expel the father: share the world thou canst not; + Enjoy it all thou mayst." Thus Curio spake; + And therewith Caesar, prone enough to war, + Was so incens'd as are Elean[604] steeds. + With clamours, who, though lock'd and chain'd in stalls,[605] + Souse[606] down the walls, and make a passage forth. + Straight summon'd he his several companies + Unto the standard: his grave look appeas'd + The wrestling tumult, and right hand made silence; + And thus he spake: "You that with me have borne 300 + A thousand brunts, and tried me full ten years, + See how they quit our bloodshed in the north, + Our friends' death, and our wounds, our wintering + Under the Alps! Rome rageth now in arms + As if the Carthage Hannibal were near; + Cornets of horse are muster'd for the field; + Woods turn'd to ships; both land and sea against us. + Had foreign wars ill-thriv'd, or wrathful France + Pursu'd us hither, how were we bested, + When, coming conqueror, Rome afflicts me thus? 310 + Let come their leader[607] whom long peace hath quail'd, + Raw soldiers lately press'd, and troops of gowns, + Babbling[608] Marcellus, Cato whom fools reverence! + Must Pompey's followers, with strangers' aid + (Whom from his youth he brib'd), needs make him king? + And shall he triumph long before his time, + And, having once got head, still shall he reign? + What should I talk of men's corn reap'd by force, + And by him kept of purpose for a dearth? + Who sees not war sit by the quivering judge, 320 + And sentence given in rings of naked swords, + And laws assail'd, and arm'd men in the senate? + 'Twas his troop hemm'd in Milo being accus'd; + And now, lest age might wane his state, he casts + For civil war, wherein through use he's known + To exceed his master, that arch-traitor Sylla. + A[s] brood of barbarous tigers, having lapp'd + The blood of many a herd, whilst with their dams + They kennell'd in Hyrcania, evermore + Will rage and prey; so, Pompey, thou, having lick'd 330 + Warm gore from Sylla's sword, art yet athirst: + Jaws flesh[ed] with blood continue murderous. + Speak, when shall this thy long-usurped power end? + What end of mischief? Sylla teaching thee, + At last learn, wretch, to leave thy monarchy! + What, now Sicilian[609] pirates are suppress'd, + And jaded[610] king of Pontus poison'd slain, + Must Pompey as his last foe plume on me, + Because at his command I wound not up + My conquering eagles? say I merit naught,[611] 340 + Yet, for long service done, reward these men, + And so they triumph, be't with whom ye will. + Whither now shall these old bloodless souls repair? + What seats for their deserts? what store of ground + For servitors to till? what colonies + To rest their bones? say, Pompey, are these worse + Than pirates of Sicilia?[612] they had houses. + Spread, spread these flags that ten years' space have conquer'd! + Let's use our tried force: they that now thwart right, + In wars will yield to wrong:[613] the gods are with us; 350 + Neither spoil nor kingdom seek we by these arms, + But Rome, at thraldom's feet, to rid from tyrants." + This spoke, none answer'd, but a murmuring buzz + Th' unstable people made: their household-gods + And love to Rome (though slaughter steel'd their hearts, + And minds were prone) restrain'd them; but war's love + And Caesar's awe dash'd all. Then Laelius,[614] + The chief centurion, crown'd with oaken leaves + For saving of a Roman citizen, + Stepp'd forth, and cried: "Chief leader of Rome's force, + So be I may be bold to speak a truth, 361 + We grieve at this thy patience and delay. + What, doubt'st thou us? even now when youthful blood + Pricks forth our lively bodies, and strong arms + Can mainly throw the dart, wilt thou endure + These purple grooms, that senate's tyranny? + Is conquest got by civil war so heinous? + Well, lead us, then, to Syrtes' desert shore, + Or Scythia, or hot Libya's thirsty sands. + This band, that all behind us might be quail'd, 370 + Hath with thee pass'd the swelling ocean, + And swept the foaming breast of Arctic[615] Rhene. + Love over-rules my will; I must obey thee, + Caesar: he whom I hear thy trumpets charge, + I hold no Roman; by these ten blest ensigns + And all thy several triumphs, shouldst thou bid me + Entomb my sword within my brother's bowels, + Or father's throat, or women's groaning[616] womb, + This hand, albeit unwilling, should perform it? + Or rob the gods, or sacred temples fire, 380 + These troops should soon pull down the church of Jove;[617] + If to encamp on Tuscan Tiber's streams, + I'll boldly quarter out the fields of Rome; + What walls thou wilt be levell'd with the ground, + These hands shall thrust the ram, and make them fly, + Albeit the city thou wouldst have so raz'd + Be Rome itself." Here every band applauded, + And, with their hands held up, all jointly cried + They'll follow where he please. The shouts rent heaven, + As when against pine-bearing Ossa's rocks 390 + Beats Thracian Boreas, or when trees bow[618] down + And rustling swing up as the wind fets[619] breath. + When Caesar saw his army prone to war, + And Fates so bent, lest sloth and long delay + Might cross him, he withdrew his troops from France, + And in all quarters musters men for Rome. + They by Lemannus' nook forsook their tents; + They whom[620] the Lingones foil'd with painted spears, + Under the rocks by crooked Vogesus; + And many came from shallow Isara, 400 + Who, running long, falls in a greater flood, + And, ere he sees the sea, loseth his name; + The yellow Ruthens left their garrisons; + Mild Atax glad it bears not Roman boats,[621] + And frontier Varus that the camp is far, + Sent aid; so did Alcides' port, whose seas + Eat hollow rocks, and where the north-west wind + Nor zephyr rules not, but the north alone + Turmoils the coast, and enterance forbids; + And others came from that uncertain shore 410 + Which is nor sea nor land, but ofttimes both, + And changeth as the ocean ebbs and flows; + Whether the sea roll'd always from that point + Whence the wind blows, still forced to and fro; + Or that the wandering main follow the moon; + Or flaming Titan, feeding on the deep, + Pulls them aloft, and makes the surge kiss heaven; + Philosophers, look you; for unto me, + Thou cause, whate'er thou be, whom God assigns + This great effect, art hid. They came that dwell 420 + By Nemes' fields and banks of Satirus,[622] + Where Tarbell's winding shores embrace the sea; + The Santons that rejoice in Caesar's love;[623] + Those of Bituriges,[624] and light Axon[625] pikes; + And they of Rhene and Leuca,[626] cunning darters, + And Sequana that well could manage steeds; + The Belgians apt to govern British cars; + Th' A[r]verni, too, which boldly feign themselves + The Roman's brethren, sprung of Ilian race; + The stubborn Nervians stain'd with Cotta's blood; 430 + And Vangions who, like those of Sarmata, + Wear open slops;[627] and fierce Batavians, + Whom trumpet's clang incites; and those that dwell + By Cinga's stream, and where swift Rhodanus + Drives Araris to sea; they near the hills, + Under whose hoary rocks Gebenna hangs; + And, Trevier, thou being glad that wars are past thee; + And you, late-shorn Ligurians, who were wont + In large-spread hair to exceed the rest of France; + And where to Hesus and fell Mercury[628] 440 + They offer human flesh, and where Jove seems + Bloody like Dian, whom the Scythians serve. + And you, French Bardi, whose immortal pens + Renown the valiant souls slain in your wars, + Sit safe at home and chant sweet poesy. + And, Druides, you now in peace renew + Your barbarous customs and sinister rites: + In unfell'd woods and sacred groves you dwell; + And only gods and heavenly powers you know, + Or only know you nothing; for you hold 450 + That souls pass not to silent Erebus + Or Pluto's bloodless kingdom, but elsewhere + Resume a body; so (if truth you sing) + Death brings long life. Doubtless these northern men, + Whom death, the greatest of all fears, affright not, + Are blest by such sweet error; this makes them + Run on the sword's point, and desire to die, + And shame to spare life which being lost is won. + You likewise that repuls'd the Cayc foe, + March towards Rome; and you, fierce men of Rhene, 460 + Leaving your country open to the spoil. + These being come, their huge power made him bold + To manage greater deeds; the bordering towns + He garrison'd; and Italy he fill'd with soldiers. + Vain fame increased true fear, and did invade + The people's minds, and laid before their eyes + Slaughter to come, and, swiftly bringing news + Of present war, made many lies and tales: + One swears his troops of daring horsemen fought + Upon Mevania's plain, where bulls are graz'd; 470 + Other that Caesar's barbarous bands were spread + Along Nar flood that into Tiber falls, + And that his own ten ensigns and the rest + March'd not entirely, and yet hide the ground; + And that he's much chang'd, looking wild and big, + And far more barbarous than the French, his vassals; + And that he lags[629] behind with them, of purpose, + Borne 'twixt the Alps and Rhene, which he hath brought + From out their northern parts,[630] and that Rome, + He looking on, by these men should be sack'd. 480 + Thus in his fright did each man strengthen fame, + And, without ground, fear'd what themselves had feign'd. + Nor were the commons only struck to heart + With this vain terror; but the court, the senate, + The fathers selves leap'd from their seats, and, flying, + Left hateful war decreed to both the consuls. + Then, with their fear and danger all-distract, + Their sway of flight carries the heady rout,[631] + That in chain'd[632] troops break forth at every port: + You would have thought their houses had been fir'd, 490 + Or, dropping-ripe, ready to fall with ruin. + So rush'd the inconsiderate multitude + Thorough the city, hurried headlong on, + As if the only hope that did remain + To their afflictions were t' abandon Rome. + Look how, when stormy Auster from the breach + Of Libyan Syrtes rolls a monstrous wave, + Which makes the main-sail fall with hideous sound, + The pilot from the helm leaps in the sea, + And mariners, albeit the keel be sound, 500 + Shipwreck themselves; even so, the city left, + All rise in arms; nor could the bed-rid parents + Keep back their sons, or women's tears their husbands: + They stayed not either to pray or sacrifice; + Their household-gods restrain them not; none lingered, + As loath to leave Rome whom they held so dear: + Th' irrevocable people fly in troops. + O gods, that easy grant men great estates, + But hardly grace to keep them! Rome, that flows + With citizens and captives,[633] and would hold 510 + The world, were it together, is by cowards + Left as a prey, now Caesar doth approach. + When Romans are besieged by foreign foes, + With slender trench they escape night-stratagems, + And sudden rampire rais'd of turf snatched up, + Would make them sleep securely in their tents. + Thou, Rome, at name of war runn'st from thyself, + And wilt not trust thy city-walls one night: + Well might these fear, when Pompey feared and fled. + Now evermore, lest some one hope might ease 520 + The commons' jangling minds, apparent signs arose, + Strange sights appeared; the angry threatening gods + Filled both the earth and seas with prodigies. + Great store of strange and unknown stars were seen + Wandering about the north, and rings of fire + Fly in the air, and dreadful bearded stars, + And comets that presage the fall of kingdoms; + The flattering[634] sky glittered in often flames, + And sundry fiery meteors blazed in heaven, + Now spear-like long, now like a spreading torch; 530 + Lightning in silence stole forth without clouds, + And, from the northern climate snatching fire, + Blasted the Capitol; the lesser stars, + Which wont to run their course through empty night, + At noon-day mustered; Phoebe, having filled + Her meeting horns to match her brother's light, + Struck with th' earth's sudden shadow, waxed pale; + Titan himself, throned in the midst of heaven, + His burning chariot plunged in sable clouds, + And whelmed the world in darkness, making men 540 + Despair of day; as did Thyestes' town, + Mycenae, Phoebus flying through the east. + Fierce Mulciber unbarred AEtna's gate, + Which flamed not on high, but headlong pitched + Her burning head on bending Hespery. + Coal-black Charybdis whirled a sea of blood. + Fierce mastives howled. The vestal fires went out; + The flame in Alba, consecrate to Jove, + Parted in twain, and with a double point + Rose, like the Theban brothers' funeral fire. 550 + The earth went off her hinges; and the Alps + Shook the old snow from off their trembling laps.[635] + The ocean swelled as high as Spanish Calpe + Or Atlas' head. Their saints and household-gods + Sweat tears, to show the travails of their city: + Crowns fell from holy statues. Ominous birds + Defiled the day; and wild beasts were seen,[636] + Leaving the woods, lodge in the streets of Rome. + Cattle were seen that muttered human speech; + Prodigious births with more and ugly joints 560 + Than nature gives, whose sight appals the mother; + And dismal prophecies were spread abroad: + And they, whom fierce Bellona's fury moves + To wound their arms, sing vengeance; Cybel's[637] priests, + Curling their bloody locks, howl dreadful things. + Souls quiet and appeas'd sighed from their graves; + Clashing of arms was heard; in untrod woods + Shrill voices schright;[638] and ghosts encounter men. + Those that inhabited the suburb-fields + Fled: foul Erinnys stalked about the walls, 570 + Shaking her snaky hair and crooked pine + With flaming top; much like that hellish fiend + Which made the stern Lycurgus wound his thigh, + Or fierce Agave mad; or like Megaera + That scar'd Alcides, when by Juno's task + He had before look'd Pluto in the face. + Trumpets were heard to sound; and with what noise + An armed battle joins, such and more strange + Black night brought forth in secret. Sylla's ghost + Was seen to walk, singing sad oracles; 580 + And Marius' head above cold Tav'ron[639] peering, + His grave broke open, did affright the boors. + To these ostents, as their old custom was, + They call th' Etrurian augurs: amongst whom + The gravest, Arruns, dwelt in forsaken Leuca[640] + Well-skill'd in pyromancy; one that knew + The hearts of beasts, and flight of wandering fowls. + First he commands such monsters Nature hatch'd + Against her kind, the barren mule's loath'd issue, + To be cut forth[641] and cast in dismal fires; 590 + Then, that the trembling citizens should walk + About the city; then, the sacred priests + That with divine lustration purg'd the walls, + And went the round, in and without the town; + Next, an inferior troop, in tuck'd-up vestures, + After the Gabine manner; then, the nuns + And their veil'd matron, who alone might view + Minerva's statue; then, they that kept and read + Sibylla's secret works, and wash[642] their saint + In Almo's flood; next learned augurs follow; 600 + Apollo's soothsayers, and Jove's feasting priests; + The skipping Salii with shields like wedges; + And Flamens last, with net-work woollen veils. + While these thus in and out had circled Rome, + Look, what the lightning blasted, Arruns takes, + And it inters with murmurs dolorous, + And calls the place Bidental. On the altar + He lays a ne'er-yok'd bull, and pours down wine, + Then crams salt leaven on his crooked knife: + The beast long struggled, as being like to prove 610 + An awkward sacrifice; but by the horns + The quick priest pulled him on his knees, and slew him. + No vein sprung out, but from the yawning gash, + Instead of red blood, wallow'd venomous gore. + These direful signs made Arruns stand amazed, + And searching farther for the gods' displeasure, + The very colour scared him; a dead blackness + Ran through the blood, that turned it all to jelly, + And stained the bowels with dark loathsome spots; + The liver swelled with filth; and every vein 620 + Did threaten horror from the host of Caesar + A small thin skin contained the vital parts; + The heart stirred not; and from the gaping liver + Squeezed matter through the caul; the entrails peered; + And which (ay me!) ever pretendeth[643] ill, + At that bunch where the liver is, appear'd + A knob of flesh, whereof one half did look + Dead and discolour'd, th' other lean and thin.[644] + By these he seeing what mischiefs must ensue, + Cried out, "O gods, I tremble to unfold 630 + What you intend! great Jove is now displeas'd; + And in the breast of this slain bull are crept + Th' infernal powers. My fear transcends my words; + Yet more will happen than I can unfold: + Turn all to good, be augury vain, and Tages, + Th' art's master, false!" Thus, in ambiguous terms + Involving all, did Arruns darkly sing. + But Figulus, more seen in heavenly mysteries, + Whose like AEgyptian Memphis never had + For skill in stars and tuneful planeting,[645] 640 + In this sort spake: "The world's swift course is lawless + And casual; all the stars at random range;[646] + Or if fate rule them, Rome, thy citizens + Are near some plague. What mischief shall ensue? + Shall towns be swallow'd? shall the thicken'd air + Become intemperate? shall the earth be barren? + Shall water be congeal'd and turn'd to ice?[647] + O gods, what death prepare ye? with what plague + Mean ye to rage? the death of many men + Meets in one period. If cold noisome Saturn 650 + Were now exalted, and with blue beams shin'd, + Then Ganymede[648] would renew Deucalion's flood, + And in the fleeting sea the earth be drench'd. + O Phoebus, shouldst thou with thy rays now singe + The fell Nemaean beast, th' earth would be fir'd, + And heaven tormented with thy chafing heat: + But thy fires hurt not. Mars, 'tis thou inflam'st + The threatening Scorpion with the burning tail, + And fir'st his cleys:[649] why art thou thus enrag'd? + Kind Jupiter hath low declin'd himself; 660 + Venus is faint; swift Hermes retrograde; + Mars only rules the heaven. Why do the planets + Alter their course, and vainly dim their virtue? + Sword-girt Orion's side glisters too bright: + War's rage draws near; and to the sword's strong hand + Let all laws yield, sin bears the name of virtue: + Many a year these furious broils let last: + Why should we wish the gods should ever end them? + War only gives us peace. O Rome, continue + The course of mischief, and stretch out the date 670 + Of slaughter! only civil broils make peace." + These sad presages were enough to scare + The quivering Romans; but worse things affright them. + As Maenas[650] full of wine on Pindus raves, + So runs a matron through th' amazed streets, + Disclosing Phoebus' fury in this sort; + "Paean, whither am I haled? where shall I fall, + Thus borne aloft? I seen Pangaeus' hill + With hoary top, and, under Haemus' mount, + Philippi plains. Phoebus, what rage is this? 680 + Why grapples Rome, and makes war, having no foes? + Whither turn I now? thou lead'st me toward th' east, + Where Nile augmenteth the Pelusian sea: + This headless trunk that lies on Nilus' sand + I know. Now th[o]roughout the air I fly + To doubtful Syrtes and dry Afric, where + A Fury leads the Emathian bands. From thence + To the pine-bearing[651] hills; thence[652] to the mounts + Pyrene; and so back to Rome again. + See, impious war defiles the senate-house! 690 + New factions rise. Now through the world again + I go. O Phoebus, show me Neptune's shore, + And other regions! I have seen Philippi." + This said, being tir'd with fury, she sunk down. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[579] Old ed. "launcht."--The forms "lanch" and "lance" are used +indifferently. + +[580] Alike. + +[581] "Et ardenti _servilia_ bella sub AEtna." + +[582] "Nec polus adversi _calidus_ qua vergitur Austri." + +[583] "_Obliquo_ sidere." + +[584] Axis. + +[585] Tumults. + +[586] + + "Summisque negatum, + Stare diu." + +[587] Far-fetched. + +[588] "Exiguum dominos commisit asylum." + +[589] "So old ed. in some copies which had been corrected at press; +other copies 'Aezean.'"--_Dyce_. + +[590] Carrae's. + +[591] A somewhat weak translation of Lucan's most famous line:--"Victrix +causa diis placuit, sed victa Catoni." + +[592] As the line stands we must take "nod" and "fall" transitively +("though every blast make it nod and seem to make it fall"). The +original has "At quamvis primo nutet casura sub Euro." + +[593] "Fecunda virorum / Paupertas." + +[594] "Ingens visa duci patriae _trepidantis_ imago." + +[595] "Inde _moras_ solvit belli." + +[596] "Sonipes." + +[597] "Nuda jam crate fluentes / Invadunt clypeos." + +[598] Silent. + +[599] Prove. + +[600] "Jactatis ... _Gracchis_." + +[601] Marlowe omits to translate the words that follow in the +original:-- + + "Utque ducem varias volventem pectore curas + Conspexit." + +[602] A line (omitted by Marlowe) follows in the original:--"Par labor +atque metus pretio majore petuntur." + +[603] An obscure rendering of + + "Gentesque subactas + Vix impune feres." + +[604] Old ed. "Eleius." It is hardly possible to suppose (as Dyce +suggests) that Marlowe took the adjective "Eleus" for a substantive. + +[605] A mistranslation of "carcere clauso." ("Carcer" is the barrier or +starting-place in the circus.) + +[606] "Immineat foribus." "Souse" is a north-country word meaning to +bang or dash. It is also applied to the swooping-down of a hawk. + +[607] Old ed. "leaders." + +[608] So Dyce for the old ed's. "Brabbling." The original has +"Marcellusque _loquax_." ("Brabbling" means "wrangling.") + +[609] A mistake (or perhaps merely a misprint) for "Cilician." + +[610] Old ed. has "Jaded, king of Pontus!" + +[611] "Unless we understand this in the sense of--say I receive no +reward (--and in Fletcher's _Woman-Hater_, 'merit' means--derive profit, +B. and F.'s _Works_, i. 91, ed. Dyce,--), it is a wrong translation of +'mihi si merces erepta laborum est.'"--_Dyce_. + +[612] "Sicilia" should be "Cilicia." + +[613] A free translation of the frigid original-- + + "Arma tenenti + Omnia dat qui justa negat." + +[614] Old ed. "Lalius." + +[615] Old ed. "_Articks_ Rhene." ("Rhene" is the old form of "Rhine.") + +[616] So old ed. Dyce's correction "or groaning woman's womb" seems +hardly necessary. (The original has "plenaeque in viscera partu +conjugis.") + +[617] "Numina miscebit castrensis flamma _Monetae_." + +[618] Old ed. "bowde." + +[619] Fetches. + +[620] The original has-- + + "Castraque quae, Vogesi curvam super ardua rupem, + Pugnaces pictis cohibebant _Lingonas_ armis." + +Dyce conjectures that Marlowe's copy read _Lingones_. + +[621] Old ed. "bloats." + +[622] + + "Tunc rura Nemossi + Qui tenet et ripas Aturi." + +[623] Marlowe seems to have read here very ridiculously, "gaudetque +amato [instead of amoto] Santonus hoste."--_Dyce_. + +[624] Marlowe has converted the name of a tribe into that of a country. + +[625] The approved reading is "longisque leves _Suessones_ in armis." + +[626] "Optimus excusso _Leucus Rhemusque_ lacerto." + +[627] "Et qui te _laxis_ imitantur, Sarmata, _bracchis_ Vangiones." + +Marlowe has mistaken "Sarmata," a _Sarmatian_, for the country +_Sarmatia_. + +[628] The old ed. gives "fell Mercury (Joue)," and in the next line +"where it seems." "Jove" written, as a correction, in the MS. above "it" +was supposed by the printer to belong to the previous line. + +[629] The original has-- + +"Hunc inter Rhenum populos Alpesque jacentes, / Finibus Arctois +patriaque a sede revulsos, / Pone sequi."/ ("Populos" is the subject and +"Hunc" the object of "sequi." For "Hunc" the best editions give "Tunc.") + +[630] "Parts" must be pronounced as a dissyllable. + +[631] "Praecipitem populum." + +[632] "Serieque haerentia longa / Agmina prorumpunt." + +[633] "Urbem populis, _victisque_ frequentem Gentibus."--Old ed. +"captaines." + +[634] "Fulgura _fallaci_ micuerunt crebra sereno." + +[635] The original has, "_jugis_ nutantibus." Dyce reads "tops,"--an +emendation against which Cunningham loudly protests. "Laps" is certainly +more emphatic. + +[636] The line is imperfect. We should have expected "_at night_ wild +beasts were seen" ("silvisque feras _sub nocte_ relictis"). + +[637] Old ed. "Sibils." + +[638] Shrieked. + +[639] "Gelidas _Anienis_ ad undas." + +[640] "Or Lunae"--marginal note in old ed. + +[641] The original has "rapi." + +[642] Old ed. "wash'd." + +[643] Portendeth. + +[644] Here Marlowe quite deserts the original-- + + "pars aegra et marcida pendet, + _Pars micat, et celeri venas movet improba pulsu_." + +[645] "Numerisque moventibus astra."--The word "planeting" was, I +suppose, coined by Marlowe. I have never met it elsewhere. + +[646] So Dyce.--Old ed. "radge." (The original has "et incerto +_discurrunt_ sidera motu.") + +[647] "Omnis an effusis miscebitur unda _venenis_."--Dyce suggests that +Marlowe's copy read "pruinis." + +[648] The original has "Aquarius."--Ganymede was changed into the sign +Aquarius: see Hyginus' _Poeticon Astron._ II. 29. + +[649] Claws. + +[650] A Maenad.--Old ed. "Maenus." + +[651] The original has "Nubiferae." + +[652] Old ed. "hence." + + + + +THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE. + + + + +THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE.[653] + + + Come[654] live with me and be my love, + And we will all the pleasures prove + That hills and vallies, dales and fields,[655] + Woods or steepy mountain yields.[656] + + And we will[657] sit upon the rocks, + Seeing[658] the shepherds feed their[659] flocks + By shallow rivers to whose falls + Melodious birds sing[660] madrigals. + + And I will make thee beds of roses[661] + And[662] a thousand fragrant posies, + A cup of flowers and a kirtle + Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle. + + A gown[663] made of the finest wooll + Which from our pretty lambs we pull; + Fair-lined[664] slippers for the cold, + With buckles of the purest gold. + + A belt of straw and ivy-buds, + With coral clasps and amber studs; + An if these pleasures may thee move, + Come[665] live with me, and be my love. + + The shepherd-swains[666] shall dance and sing + For thy delight each May-morning: + If these delights thy mind may move, + Then live with me, and be my love. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[653] This delightful pastoral song was first published, without the +fourth and sixth stanzas, in _The Passionate Pilgrim_, 1599. It appeared +complete in _England's Helicon_, 1600, with Marlowe's name subscribed. +By quoting it in the _Complete Angler_, 1653, Izaak Walton has made it +known to a world of readers. + +[654] Omitted in P. P. + +[655] So P. P.--E. H. "That vallies, groves, hills and fieldes."--Walton +"That vallies, groves, or hils or fields." + +[656] So E. H.--P. P. "And the craggy mountain yields."--Walton "Or, +woods and steepie mountains yeelds." + +[657] So E. H.--P. P. "There will we."--Walton "Where we will." + +[658] So E. H.--P. P. and Walton "And see." + +[659] So E. H. and P. P.--Walton "our." + +[660] So P. P. and Walton.--E. H. "sings." + +[661] So E. H. and Walton.--P. P. "There will I make thee a bed of +roses." + +[662] So E. H.--P. P. "With."--Walton "And then." + +[663] This stanza is omitted in P. P. + +[664] So E. H.--Walton "Slippers lin'd choicely." + +[665] So E. H. and Walton.--P. P. "Then."--After this stanza there +follows in the second edition of the _Complete Angler_, 1655, an +additional stanza:-- + + "Thy silver dishes for thy meat + As precious as the gods do eat, + Shall on an ivory table be + Prepar'd each day for thee and me." + +[666] This stanza is omitted in P. P.--E. H. and Walton "The +sheep-heards swaines." + + + + + [In _England's Helicon_ Marlowe's song is followed by the "Nymph's + Reply to the Shepherd" and "Another of the same Nature made since." + Both are signed _Ignoto_, but the first of these pieces has been + usually ascribed to Sir Walter Raleigh[667]--on no very substantial + grounds.] + + +THE NYMPH'S REPLY TO THE SHEPHERD. + + + If all the world and love were young, + And truth in every Shepherd's tongue, + These pretty pleasures might me move + To live with thee, and be thy love. + + Times drives the flocks from field to fold, + When rivers rage and rocks grow cold, + And Philomel becometh dumb, + The rest complains of cares to come. + + The flowers do fade and wanton fields + To wayward winter reckoning yields; + A honey tongue, a heart of gall, + Is fancy's spring, but sorrow's fall. + + Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy beds of roses, + Thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy posies, + Soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten; + In folly ripe, in reason rotten. + + Thy belt of straw and ivy buds, + Thy coral clasps and amber studs, + All these to me no means can move + To come to thee, and be thy love. + + But could youth last and love still breed, + Had joys no date nor age no need, + Then these delights my mind might move + To live with thee, and be thy love. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[667] Oldys in his annotated copy (preserved in the British Museum) of +Langbaine's _Engl. Dram. Poets_, under the article _Marlowe_ +remarks:--"Sir Walter Raleigh was an encourager of his [_i.e._ +Marlowe's] Muse; and he wrote an answer to a Pastoral Sonnet of Sir +Walter's [_sic_], printed by Isaac Walton in his book of fishing." It +would be pleasant to think that Marlowe enjoyed Raleigh's patronage; but +Oldys gives no authority for his statement. + + + + +ANOTHER OF THE SAME NATURE MADE SINCE. + + + Come live with me, and be my dear, + And we will revel all the year, + In plains and groves, on hills and dales, + Where fragrant air breathes sweetest gales. + + There shall you have the beauteous pine, + The cedar, and the spreading vine; + And all the woods to be a screen, + Lest Phoebus kiss my Summer's Queen. + + The seat for your disport shall be + Over some river in a tree, + Where silver sands and pebbles sing + Eternal ditties to the spring. + + There shall you see the nymphs at play, + And how the satyrs spend the day; + The fishes gliding on the sands, + Offering their bellies to your hands. + + The birds with heavenly tuned throats + Possess woods' echoes with sweet notes, + Which to your senses will impart + A music to enflame the heart. + + Upon the bare and leafless oak + The ring-doves' wooings will provoke + A colder blood than you possess + To play with me and do no less. + + In bowers of laurel trimly dight + We will out-wear the silent night, + While Flora busy is to spread + Her richest treasure on our bed. + + Ten thousand glow-worms shall attend, + And all these sparkling lights shall spend + All to adorn and beautify + Your lodging with most majesty. + + Then in mine arms will I enclose + Lilies' fair mixture with the rose, + Whose nice perfection in love's play + Shall tune me to the highest key. + + Thus as we pass the welcome night + In sportful pleasures and delight, + The nimble fairies on the grounds, + Shall dance and sing melodious sounds. + + If these may serve for to entice + Your presence to Love's Paradise, + Then come with me, and be my dear, + And we will then begin the year. + + + + +The following verses in imitation of Marlowe are by Donne:-- + + +THE BAIT. + + Come live with me, and be my love, + And we will some new pleasure prove + Of golden sands and christal brooks + With silken lines and silver hooks. + + There will the river whispering run, + Warm'd by thine eyes more than the sun; + And there th' enamoured fish will stay + Begging themselves they may betray. + + When thou wilt swim in that live bath, + Each fish which every channel hath + Will amorously to thee swim, + Gladder to catch thee than thou him. + + If thou to be so seen beest loath + By sun or moon, thou darkenest both; + And if my self have leave to see, + I heed not their light, having thee. + + Let others freeze with angling reeds + And cut their legs with shells and weeds, + Or treacherously poor fish beset + With strangling snare or winding net. + + Let coarse bold hands from slimy nest + The bedded fish in banks outwrest, + Or curious traitors, sleave-silk flies, + Bewitch poor fishes' wandering eyes. + + For thee, thou need'st no such deceit, + For thou thyself art thine own bait: + That fish that is not catched thereby, + Alas, is wiser far than I. + + + + +Herrick has a pastoral invitation + +TO PHILLIS TO LOVE AND LIVE WITH HIM. + + + Live, live with me, and thou shalt see + The pleasures I'll prepare for thee; + What sweets the country can afford + Shall bless thy bed and bless thy board. + + The soft sweet moss shall be thy bed + With crawling woodbine overspread: + By which the silver-shedding streams + Shall gently melt thee into dreams. + + Thy clothing next shall be a gown + Made of the fleeces' purest down. + The tongues of kids shall be thy meat; + Their milk thy drink; and thou shall eat + + The paste of filberts for thy bread, + With cream of cowslips buttered. + Thy feasting-tables shall be hills + With daisies spread and daffodils; + + Where thou shalt sit, and red-breast by + For meat shall give thee melody. + I'll give thee chains and carcanets + Of primroses and violets. + + A bag and bottle thou shalt have, + That richly wrought and this as brave, + So that as either shall express + The wearer's no mean shepherdess. + + At shearing-times and yearly wakes, + When Themilis his pastime makes, + There thou shalt be; and be the wit, + Nay more, the feast and grace of it. + + On holidays when virgins meet + To dance the hays with nimble feet, + Thou shalt come forth and then appear + The queen of roses for that year; + + And having danced ('bove all the best) + Carry the garland from the rest. + In wicker-baskets maids shall bring + To thee, my dearest shepherdling, + + The blushing apple, bashful pear, + And shame-faced plum all simp'ring there: + Walk in the groves and thou shalt find + The name of Phillis in the rind + + Of every straight and smooth-skin tree, + Where kissing that I'll twice kiss thee. + To thee a sheep-hook I will send + Be-prankt with ribands to this end, + + This, this alluring hook might be + Less for to catch a sheep than me. + Thou shalt have possets, wassails fine, + Not made of ale but spiced wine; + + To make thy maids and self free mirth, + All sitting near the glittering hearth. + Thou shalt have ribbands, roses, rings, + Gloves, garters, stockings, shoes and strings, + Of winning colours that shall move + Others to lust but me to love. + These, nay, and more, thine own shall be + If thou wilt love and live with me. + + + + +FRAGMENT.[668] + + + I walk'd along a stream, for pureness rare, + Brighter than sun-shine; for it did acquaint + The dullest sight with all the glorious prey + That in the pebble-paved channel lay. + + No molten crystal, but a richer mine, + Even Nature's rarest alchymy ran there,-- + Diamonds resolv'd, and substance more divine, + Through whose bright-gliding current might appear + A thousand naked nymphs, whose ivory shine, + Enamelling the banks, made them more dear + Than ever was that glorious palace' gate + Where the day-shining Sun in triumph sate. + + Upon this brim the eglantine and rose, + The tamarisk, olive, and the almond tree, + As kind companions, in one union grows, + Folding their twining[669] arms, as oft we see + Turtle-taught lovers either other close, + Lending to dulness feeling sympathy; + And as a costly valance o'er a bed, + So did their garland-tops the brook o'erspread. + + Their leaves, that differ'd both in shape and show, + Though all were green, yet difference such in green, + Like to the checker'd bent of Iris' bow, + Prided the running main, as it had been-- + +FOOTNOTES: + +[668] From _England's Parnassus_, 1600, p. 480, where it is subscribed +"Ch. Marlowe." + +[669] The text of _England's Parnassus_ has "twindring," which is +corrected in the _Errata_, to "twining." + + + + +DIALOGUE IN VERSE.[670] + + +JACK. + + Seest thou not yon farmer's son? + He hath stoln my love from me, alas! + What shall I do? I am undone; + My heart will ne'er be as it was. + O, but he gives her gay gold rings, + And tufted gloves [for] holiday, + And many other goodly things, + That hath stolen my love away. + + +FRIEND. + + Let him give her gay gold rings + Or tufted gloves, were they ne'er so [gay]; 10 + [F]or were her lovers lords or kings, + They should not carry the wench away. + + +[JACK.] + + But 'a dances wonders well, + And with his dances stole her love from me: + Yet she wont to say I bore the bell + For dancing and for courtesy. + + +DICK.[671] + + Fie, lusty younker, what do you here, + Not dancing on the green to-day? + For Pierce, the farmer's son, I fear, + Is like to carry your wench away. 20 + + +[JACK.] + + Good Dick, bid them all come hither, + And tell Pierce from me beside, + That, if he thinks to have the wench, + Here he stands shall lie with the bride. + + +DICK.[672] + + Fie, Nan, why use thy old lover so, + For any other new-come guest? + Thou long time his love did know; + Why shouldst thou not use him best? + + +[NAN.] + + Bonny Dick, I will not forsake + My bonny Rowland for any gold: 30 + If he can dance as well as Pierce, + He shall have my heart in hold. + + +PIERCE. + + Why, then, my hearts, let's to this gear; + And by dancing I may won + My Nan, whose love I hold so dear + As any realm under the sun. + + +GENTLEMAN.[673] + + Then, gentles, ere I speed from hence + I will be so bold to dance + A turn or two without offence; + For, as I was walking along by chance, 40 + I was told you did agree. + + +[FRIEND.] + + 'Tis true, good sir; and this is she + Hopes your worship comes not to crave her; + For she hath lovers two or three, + And he that dances best must have her. + + +GENTLEMAN. + + How say you, sweet, will you dance with me? + And you [shall] have both land and [hill]; + My love shall want nor gold nor fee. + + +[NAN.] + + I thank you, sir, for your good will; + But one of these my love must be: 50 + I'm but a homely country maid, + And far unfit for your degree; + [To dance with you I am afraid.] + + +FRIEND. + + Take her, good sir, by the hand, + As she is fairest; were she fairer, + By this dance, you shall understand, + He that can win her is like to wear her. + + +FOOL. + + And saw you not [my] Nan to-day, + My mother's maid have you not seen? + My pretty Nan is gone away 60 + To seek her love upon the green. + [I cannot see her 'mong so many:] + She shall have me, if she have any. + + +NAN.[674] + + Welcome, sweet-heart, and welcome here, + Welcome, my [true] love, now to me. + This is my love [and my darling dear], + And that my husband [soon] must be. + And, boy, when thou com'st home thou'lt see + Thou art as welcome home as he. + + +GENTLEMAN. + + Why, how now, sweet Nan! I hope you jest. 70 + + +NAN.[675] + + No, by my troth, I love the fool the best: + And, if you be jealous, God give you good-night! + I fear you're a gelding, you caper so light. + + +GENTLEMAN. + + I thought she had jested and meant but a fable, + But now do I see she hath play'[d] with his bable.[676] + I wish all my friends by me to take heed, + That a fool come not near you when you mean to speed. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[670] First printed in _The Alleyn Papers_ (for the Shakespeare +Society), p. 8, by Collier, who remarks:--"In the original MS. this +dramatic dialogue in verse is written as prose, on one side of a sheet +of paper, at the back of which, in a more modern hand, is the name 'Kitt +Marlowe.' What connection, if any, he may have had with it, it is +impossible to determine, but it was obviously worthy of preservation, as +a curious stage-relic of an early date, and unlike anything else of the +kind that has come down to us. In consequence of haste or ignorance on +the part of the writer of the manuscript, it has been necessary to +supply some portions, which are printed within brackets. There are also +some obvious errors in the distribution of the dialogue, which it was +not easy to correct. The probability is that, when performed, it was +accompanied with music." + +[671] MS. "Jack." + +[672] MS. "W. Fre."--which Dyce supposed to be an abbreviation for +_Wench's Friend_. + +[673] MS. "Frend." + +[674] MS. "Wen" (_i.e._ Wench). + +[675] MS. "Wen." + +[676] Bauble. + + + + +APPENDICES. + + + + +APPENDICES. + + + + +No. I. + +THE ATHEIST'S TRAGEDIE.[677] + + + All you that have got eares to heare, + Now listen unto mee; + Whilst I do tell a tale of feare; + A true one it shall bee: + + A truer storie nere was told, + As some alive can showe; + 'Tis of a man in crime grown olde, + Though age he did not know. + + This man did his owne God denie + And Christ his onelie son, + And did all punishment defie, + So he his course might run. + + Both day and night would he blaspheme, + And day and night would sweare, + As if his life was but a dreame, + Not ending in dispaire. + + A poet was he of repute, + And wrote full many a playe, + Now strutting in a silken sute, + Then begging by the way. + + He had alsoe a player beene + Upon the Curtaine-stage, + But brake his leg in one lewd scene, + When in his early age. + + He was a fellow to all those + That did God's laws reject, + Consorting with the Christians' foes + And men of ill aspect. + + Ruffians and cutpurses hee + Had ever at his backe, + And led a life most foule and free, + To his eternall wracke. + + He now is gone to his account, + And gone before his time, + Did not his wicked deedes surmount + All precedent of crime. + + But he no warning ever tooke + From others' wofull fate, + And never gave his life a looke + Untill it was too late. + + He had a friend, once gay and greene.[678] + Who died not long before, + The wofull'st wretch was ever seen, + The worst ere woman bore, + + Unlesse this Wormall[679] did exceede + Even him in wickednesse, + Who died in the extreemest neede + And terror's bitternesse. + + Yet Wormall ever kept his course, + Since nought could him dismay; + He knew not what thing was remorse + Unto his dying day. + + Then had he no time to repent + The crimes he did commit, + And no man ever did lament + For him, to dye unfitt. + + Ah, how is knowledge wasted quite + On such want wisedome true, + And that which should be guiding light + But leades to errors newe! + + Well might learnd Cambridge oft regret + He ever there was bred: + The tree she in his mind had set + Brought poison forth instead. + + His lust was lawlesse as his life, + And brought about his death; + For, in a deadlie mortall strife, + Striving to stop the breath + + Of one who was his rivall foe, + With his owne dagger slaine, + He groand, and word spoke never moe, + Pierc'd through the eye and braine. + + Thus did he come to suddaine ende + That was a foe to all, + And least unto himselfe a friend, + And raging passion's thrall. + + Had he been brought up to the trade + His father follow'd still, + This exit he had never made, + Nor played a part soe ill. + + Take warning ye that playes doe make, + And ye that doe them act; + Desist in time for Wormall's sake, + And thinke upon his fact. + + Blaspheming Tambolin must die, + And Faustus meete his ende; + Repent, repent, or presentlie + To hell ye must discend. + + What is there, in this world, of worth, + That we should prize it soe? + Life is but trouble from our birth, + The wise do say and know. + + Our lives, then, let us mend with speed, + Or we shall suerly rue + The end of everie hainous deede, + In life that shall insue. + + _Finis. Ign._ + +FOOTNOTES: + +[677] In the Introduction I have expressed my opinion that this ballad +is a forgery. + +[678] We are to suppose an allusion to Robert Greene. + +[679] The anagram of Marlowe. + + + + +No. II. + +In a copy of _Hero and Leander_ Collier found, together with other +questionable matter, the following MS. notes:--"Feb. 10, 1640. Mr. [two +words follow in cipher], that Marloe was an atheist, and wrot a booke +against [two words in cipher,] how that it was all one man's making, and +would have printed it, but it would not be suffred to be printed. Hee +was a rare scholar, and made excellent verses in Latine. He died aged +about 30."--"Marloe was an acquaintance of Mr. [a name follows in +cipher] of Douer, whom hee made become an atheist; so that he was faine +to make a recantation vppon this text, 'The foole hath said in his heart +there is no God.'"--"This [the name in cipher] learned all Marloe by +heart."--"Marloe was stabd with a dagger and dyed swearing." + + + + +No. III. + +A NOTE[680] + +CONTAYNINGE THE OPINION OF ONE CHRISTOFER MARYLE, CONCERNYNGE HIS +DAMNABLE OPINIONS AND JUDGMENT OF RELYGION AND SCORNE OF GODS WORDE. + +FROM MS. HARL. 6853, FOL. 320. + + +That the Indians and many Authors of Antiquitei have assuredly written +of aboue 16 thowsande yeers agone, wher Adam is proved to have leyved +within 6 thowsande yeers. + +_He affirmeth_[681] That Moyses was but a Juggler, and that one Heriots +can do more then hee. + +That Moyses made the Jewes to travell fortie yeers in the wildernes +(which iorny might have ben don in lesse then one yeer) er they came to +the promised lande, to the intente that those whoe wer privei to most of +his subtileteis might perish, and so an everlastinge supersticion +remayne in the hartes of the people. + +That the firste beginnynge of Religion was only to keep men in awe. + +That it was an easye matter for Moyses, beinge brought up in all the +artes of the Egiptians, to abvse the Jewes, being a rvde and grosse +people. + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * *[682] + +That he [Christ] was the sonne of a carpenter, and that, yf the Jewes +amonge whome he was born did crvcifye him, thei best knew him and whence +he came. + +That Christ deserved better to dye than Barrabas, and that the Jewes +made a good choyce, though Barrabas were both a theife and a murtherer. + +That yf ther be any God or good Religion, then it is in the Papistes, +becavse the service of God is performed with more ceremonyes, as +elevacion of the masse, organs, singinge men, _shaven crownes_, &c. That +all protestantes ar hipocriticall Asses. + +That, yf he wer put to write a new religion, he wolde vndertake both a +more excellent and more admirable methode, and that all the new +testament is filthely written. + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * * + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * + +That all the Appostels wer fishermen and base fellowes, nether of witt +nor worth, that Pawle only had witt, that he was a timerous fellow in +biddinge men to be subiect to magistrates against his conscience. + +_That he had as good right to coyne as the Queen of Englande, and that +he was acquainted with one Poole, a prisoner in newgate, whoe hath great +skill in mixture of mettalls, and havinge learned such thinges of him, +he ment, thorough help of a cvnnynge stampe-maker, to coyne french +crownes, pistolettes, and englishe shillinges._ + +That, yf Christ had instituted the Sacramentes with more cerymonyall +reverence, it would have ben had in more admiracion, that it wolde have +ben much better beinge administred in a Tobacco pype. + +* * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * * * * * * + +That one Richard Cholmelei[683] hath confessed that he was perswaded by +Marloes reason to become an Athieste. + +_Theis thinges, with many other, shall by good and honest men be proved +to be his opinions and common speeches, and that this Marloe doth not +only holde them himself, but almost in every company he commeth, +perswadeth men to Athiesme, willinge them not to be afrayed of bugbeares +and hobgoblins, and vtterly scornynge both God and his ministers, as I +Richard Bome_ [sic] _will justify bothe by my othe and the testimony of +many honest men, and almost all men with whome he hath conversed any +tyme will testefy the same:_ _and, as I thincke, all men in +christianitei ought to endevor that the mouth of so dangerous a member +may be stopped._ + +_He sayeth moreover that he hath coated[684] a number of contrarieties +out of the scriptures, which he hath geeven to some great men, who in +convenient tyme shalbe named. When theis thinges shalbe called in +question, the witnesses shalbe produced._ + + RYCHARD BAME. + + (Endorsed) + +_Copye of Marloes blasphemyes + as sent to her H[ighness]._ + +[Now-a-days inquiries as to the age of the earth are of interest only to +Geologists; and all may criticise with impunity the career of +Moses--provided that they do not employ the shafts of ridicule too +freely. Marlowe's strictures on the New Testament--grossly exaggerated +by the creature who penned the charges--were made from the literary +point of view. We should blame nobody to-day for saying that the +language of Revelations is poor and thin when compared with the language +of Isaiah. Again, as to the statement that Romanism alone is logical, +and that Protestantism has no _locus standi_,--has not the doctrine been +proclaimed again and again in our own day by writers whom we all +respect? The charge that Marlowe had announced his intention of coining +French crowns is so utterly absurd as to throw discredit upon all the +other statements. It must be remembered that the testimony was not upon +oath, and that the deponent was a ruffian.] + +FOOTNOTES: + +[680] This is the original title, which has been partly scored through +to make way for the following title:--_A Note delivered on Whitson eve +last of the most horrible blasphemes utteryd by Christofer Marly who +within iii dayes after came to a soden and fearfull end of his life._ + +[681] Words printed in italics are scored through in the MS. + +[682] Where _lacunae_ occur the clauses are unfit for publication. + +[683] In the margin are the words "he is layd for,"--_i.e._, steps are +being taken for his apprehension. + +[684] Quoted. + + + + +No. IV. + + +An edition of Marlowe cannot be more fitly concluded than by a reprint +of Mr. R. H. Horne's noble and pathetic tragedy, _The Death of Marlowe_ +(originally published in 1837), one of the few dramatic pieces of the +present century that will have any interest for posterity. For +permission to reprint this tragedy I am indebted to Mr. Horne's literary +executor, Mr. H. Buxton Forman. + + + + +THE DEATH OF MARLOWE. + + _DRAMATIS PERSONAE._ + + CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE, } _Dramatists and Actors._ + THOMAS HEYWOOD, } + + THOMAS MIDDLETON, _Dramatist._ + + CECILIA } _Runaway Wife of the drunkard, + } Bengough._ + + JACCONOT, _alias_ } _A Tavern Pander and Swashbuckler._ + JACK-O'-NIGHT } + + _Gentlemen, Officers, Servants, &c._ + + +SCENE I. + + _Public Gardens--Liberty of the Clink, Southwark._ + + _Enter_ MARLOWE _and_ HEYWOOD. + +HEYWOOD. + + Be sure of it. + +MARLOWE. + + I am; but not by your light. + +HEYWOOD. + + I speak it not in malice, nor in envy + Of your good fortune with so bright a beauty; + But I have heard such things! + +MARLOWE. + + Good Master Heywood, + I prithee plague me not with what thou'st heard; + I've seen, and I do love her--and, for hearing, + The music of her voice is in my soul, + And holds a rapturous jubilee 'midst dreams + That melt the day and night into one bliss. + +HEYWOOD. + + Beware the waking hour! + +MARLOWE. + + In lovely radiance, + Like all that's fabled of Olympus' queen, + She moves--as if the earth were undulant clouds, + And all its flowers her subject stars. + +HEYWOOD. + + Proceed. + +MARLOWE. + + Smile not; for 'tis most true: the very air + With her sweet presence is impregnate richly. + As in a mead, that's fresh with youngest green, + Some fragrant shrub, some secret herb, exhales + Ambrosial odours; or in lonely bower, + Where one may find the musk plant, heliotrope, + Geranium, or grape hyacinth, confers + A ruling influence, charming present sense + And sure of memory; so, her person bears + A natural balm, obedient to the rays + Of heaven--or to her own, which glow within, + Distilling incense by their own sweet power. + The dew at sunrise on a ripened peach + Was never more delicious than her neck. + Such forms are Nature's favourites. + +HEYWOOD. + + Come, come-- + Pygmalion and Prometheus dwell within you! + You poetise her rarely, and exalt + With goddess-attributes, and chastity + Beyond most goddesses: be not thus serious! + If for a passing paramour thou'dst love her, + Why, so, so it may be well; but never place + Thy full heart in her hand. + +MARLOWE. + + I have--I do-- + And I will lay it bleeding at her feet. + Reason no more, for I do love this woman: + To me she's chaste, whatever thou hast heard. + Whatever I may know, hear, find, or fancy, + I must possess her constantly, or die. + +HEYWOOD. + + Nay, if't be thus, I'll fret thine ear no more + With raven voice; but aid thee all I can. + +MARLOWE. + + Cecilia!--Go, dear friend--good Master Heywood, + Leave me alone--I see her coming thither! + +HEYWOOD. + + Bliss wait thy wooing; peace of mind its end! + (_aside_) His knees shake, and his face and hands are wet, + As with a sudden fall of dew--God speed him! + This is a desperate fancy! _Exit._ + +_Enter_ CECILIA. + +CECILIA. + + Thoughtful sir, + How fare you? Thou'st been reading much of late, + By the moon's light, I fear me? + +MARLOWE. + + Why so, lady? + +CECILIA. + + The reflex of the page is on thy face. + +MARLOWE. + + But in my heart the spirit of a shrine + Burns, with immortal radiation crown'd. + +CECILIA. + + Nay, primrose gentleman, think'st me a saint? + +MARLOWE. + + I feel thy power. + +CECILIA. + + I exercise no arts-- + Whence is my influence? + +MARLOWE. + + From heaven, I think. + Madam, I love you--ere to-day you've seen it, + Although my lips ne'er breathed the word before; + And seldom as we've met and briefly spoken, + There are such spiritual passings to and fro + 'Twixt thee and me--though I alone may suffer-- + As make me know this love blends with my life; + Must branch with it, bud, blossom, put forth fruit, + Nor end e'en when its last husks strew the grave, + Whence we together shall ascend to bliss. + +CECILIA. + + Continued from this world? + +MARLOWE. + + Thy hand, both hands; + I kiss them from my soul! + +CECILIA. + + Nay, sir, you burn me-- + Let loose my hands! + +MARLOWE. + + I loose them--half my life has thus gone from me!-- + That which is left can scarce contain my heart, + Now grown too full with the high tide of joy, + Whose ebb, retiring, fills the caves of sorrow, + Where Syrens sing beneath their dripping hair, + And raise the mirror'd fate. + +CECILIA. + + Then, gaze not in it, + Lest thou should'st see thy passing funeral. + I would not--I might chance to see far worse. + +MARLOWE. + + Thou art too beautiful ever to die! + I look upon thee, and can ne'er believe it. + +CECILIA. + + O, sir--but passion, circumstance, and fate, + Can do far worse than kill: they can dig graves, + And make the future owners dance above them, + Well knowing how 'twill end. Why look you sad? + 'Tis not your case; you are a man in love-- + At least, you say so--and should therefore feel + A constant sunshine, wheresoe'er you tread, + Nor think of what's beneath. But speak no more: + I see a volume gathering in your eye + Which you would fain have printed in my heart; + But you were better cast it in the fire. + Enough you've said, and I enough have listened. + +MARLOWE. + + I have said naught. + +CECILIA. + + You have spoken very plain-- + So, Master Marlowe, please you, break we off; + And, since your mind is now relieved--good day! + +MARLOWE. + + Leave me not thus!--forgive me! + +CECILIA. + + For what offence + +MARLOWE. + + The expression of my love. + +CECILIA. + + Tut! that's a trifle. + Think'st thou I ne'er saw men in love before? + Unto the summer of beauty they are common + As grasshoppers. + +MARLOWE. + + And to its winter, lady? + +CECILIA. + + There is no winter in my thoughts--adieu! + + _Exit._ + +MARLOWE. + + She's gone!--How leafless is my life!--My strength + Seems melted--my breast vacant--and in my brain + I hear the sound of a retiring sea. + + _Exit._ + + +SCENE II. + + _Gravel Lane; Bankside._ + + _Enter_ HEYWOOD _and_ MIDDLETON. + +MIDDLETON. + + And yet it may end well, after his fit is over. + +HEYWOOD. + + But he is earnest in it. + +MIDDLETON. + +'Tis his habit; a little thunder clears the atmosphere. At present he is +spell-bound, and smouldereth in a hot cloud of passion; but when he once +makes his way, he will soon disperse his free spirit abroad over the +inspired heavens. + +HEYWOOD. + +I fear me she will sow quick seed of feverish fancies in his mind that +may go near to drive him mad. + +MIDDLETON. + +How so? He knoweth her for what she is, as well as for what she +was;--the high-spirited and once virtuous wife of the drunkard Bengough. +You remember him? + +HEYWOOD. + +I have seen him i' the mire. 'Twas his accustomed bed o' nights--and +morning, too--many a time. He preferred _that_ to the angel he left at +home. Some men do. 'Tis a sorrow to think upon. + +MIDDLETON. + +And one that tears cannot wash! Master Marlowe hath too deep a reading +i' the books of nature to nail his heart upon a gilded weathercock. He +is only desperate after the fashion of a pearl diver. When he hath +enough he will desist--breathe freely, polish the shells, and build +grottoes. + +HEYWOOD. + +Nay, he persisteth in _not_ knowing her for a courtesan--talks of her +purity in burning words, that seem to glow and enhance his love from his +convictions of her virtue; then suddenly falls into silent abstraction, +looking like a man whose eyes are filled with visions of Paradise. No +pains takes she to deceive him; for he supersedes the chance by +deceiving himself beyond measure. He either listens not at all to +intimation, or insists the contrary. + +MIDDLETON. + +This is his passionate aggravation or self will: he _must_ know it. + +HEYWOOD. + +'Tis my belief; but her beauty blinds him with its beams, and drives his +exiled reason into darkness. + +MIDDLETON. + +Here comes one that could enlighten his perception, methinks. + +HEYWOOD. + +Who's he? Jack-o'-night, the tavern pander and swashbuckler. + + _Enter_ JACCONOT. + +JACCONOT. + +Save ye, my masters; lusty thoughts go with ye, and a jovial full cup +wait on your steps: so shall your blood rise, and honest women pledge ye +in their dreams! + +MIDDLETON. + +Your weighty-pursed knowledge of women, balanced against your squinting +knowledge of honesty, Master Jack-o'-night, would come down to earth, +methinks, as rapid as a fall from a gallows-tree. + +JACCONOT. + +Well said, Master Middleton--a merry devil and a long-lived one run +monkey-wise up your back-bone! May your days be as happy as they're +sober, and your nights full of applause! May no brawling mob pelt you, +or your friends, when throned, nor hoot down your plays when your soul's +pinned like a cockchafer on public opinion! May no learned or unlearned +calf write against your knowledge and wit, and no brother paper-stainer +pilfer your pages, and then call you a general thief! Am I the only +rogue and vagabond in the world? + +MIDDLETON. + +I' faith, not: nay, an' thou wert, there would be no lack of them i' the +next generation. Thou might'st be the father of the race, being now the +bodily type of it. The phases of thy villany are so numerous that, were +they embodied they would break down the fatal tree which is thine +inheritance, and cause a lack of cords for the Thames shipping! + +JACCONOT. + + Don't choke me with compliments! + +HEYWOOD (_to_ MIDDLETON). + +He seems right proud of this multiplied idea of his latter end. + +JACCONOT. + +Ay; hanging's of high antiquity, and, thereto, of broad modern repute. +The flag, the sign, the fruit, the felon, and other high and mighty +game, all hang; though the sons of ink and sawdust try to stand apart, +smelling civet, as one should say,--faugh! Jewelled caps, ermined +cloaks, powdered wigs, church bells, _bona-roba_ bed-gowns, gilded +bridles, spurs, shields, swords, harness, holy relics, and salted hogs, +all hang in glory! Pictures, too, of rare value! Also music's +ministrants,--the lute, the horn, the fiddle, the pipe, the gong, the +viol, the salt-box, the tambourine and the triangle, make a dead-wall +dream of festive harmonies! + +MIDDLETON. + + Infernal discords, thou would'st say! + +JACCONOT (_rapidly_). + +These are but few things among many! for 'scutcheons, scarecrows, +proclamations, the bird in a cage, the target for fools' wit, _hic +jacet_ tablets (that is, lying ones), the King's Head and the Queen's +Arms, ropes of onions, dried herbs, smoked fish, holly boughs, hall +lanthorns, framed piety texts, and adored frights of family portraits, +all hang! Likewise corkscrews, cat-skins, glittering trophies, sausage +links, shining icicles, the crucifix, and the skeleton in chains. There, +we all swing, my masters! Tut! hanging's a high Act of Parliament +privilege!--a Star-Chamber Garter-right! + +MIDDLETON (_to_ Heywood _laughingly_). + +The devil's seed germinates with reptile rapidity, and blossoms and +fructifies in the vinous fallows of this bully's brain! + +JACCONOT. + + I tell thee what----(_looking off_) another time! + + _Exit_ JACCONOT _hastily._ + +HEYWOOD. + + I breathe fresh air! + +MIDDLETON. + + Look!--said I not so? See whom 'tis he meets; + And with a lounging, loose, familiar air, + Cocking his cap and setting his hand on's hip, + Salutes with such free language as his action + And attitude explain! + +HEYWOOD. + + I grieve for Marlowe: + The more, since 'tis as certain he must have + Full course of passion, as that its object's full + Of most unworthy elements. + +MIDDLETON. + + Unworthy, + Indeed, of such a form, if all be base. + But Nature, methinks, doth seldom so belie + The inward by the outward; seldom frame + A cheat so finish'd to ensnare the senses, + And break our faith in all substantial truth. _Exeunt._ + + _Enter_ CECILIA, _followed by_ JACCONOT. + +JACCONOT. + +Well, well, Mistress St. Cecil; the money is all well enough--I object +nothing to the money. + +CECILIA. + +Then, go your ways. + +JACCONOT. + +My ways are your ways--a murrain on your beauties!--has your brain shot +forth skylarks as your eyes do sparks? + +CECILIA. + +Go!--here is my purse. + +JACCONOT. + +I'll no more of't!--I have a mind to fling back what thou'st already +given me for my services. + +CECILIA. + +Master Jacconot, I would have no further services from thee. If thou art +not yet satisfied, fetch the weight and scales, and I will cast my gold +into it, and my dross besides--so shall I be doubly relieved. + +JACCONOT. + +I say again--and the devil bear me fierce witness!--it is not gold I +want, but rightful favour; not silver, but sweet civility; not dross, +but the due respect to my non-pareil value! Bethink thee, Cecil--bethink +thee of many things! Ay! am not I the true gallant of my time? the great +Glow-worm and Will-o'-the-wisp--the life, the fortune, and the favourite +of the brightest among ye! + +CECILIA. + +Away! + +JACCONOT. + +Whither? + +CECILIA. + +Anywhere, so it be distant. + +JACCONOT. + +What mean'st by discarding me, and why is it? 'Slud! is this the right +sort of return for all my skilful activities, my adroit fascinations of +young lords in drink, my tricks at dice, cards, and dagger-play, not to +speak too loudly of bets on bear-baits, soap-bubbles, and Shrovetide +cocks; or my lies about your beauty and temper? Have I not brought dukes +and earls and reverend seniors, on tip-toe, and softly whispering for +fear of "the world," right under the balcony of your window?--O, don't +beat the dust with your fine foot! These be good services, I think! + +CECILIA (_half aside_). + +Alas! alas!--the world sees us only as bright, though baleful stars, +little knowing our painful punishments in the dark--our anguish in +secret. + +JACCONOT. + +Are you thinking of me? + +CECILIA. + +Go! + +JACCONOT. + +Go!--a death's-head crown your pillow! May you dream of love, and wake +and see that! + +CECILIA. + +I had rather see't than you. + +JACCONOT. + +What's i' the wind,--nobleman, or gentleman, or a brain fancy--am not I +at hand? Are you mad? + +CECILIA (_overcome_). + +I'd gladly believe I have been so. + +JACCONOT. + +Good. I'm content you see me aright once more, and acknowledge yourself +wrong. + +CECILIA (_half aside, and tearfully_). + +O, wrong indeed--very wrong--to my better nature--my better nature. + +JACCONOT. + +And to me, too! Bethink thee, I say, when last year, after the dance at +Hampton, thou wert enraged against the noble that slighted thee; and, +flushed with wine, thou took'st me by the ear, and mad'st me hand thee +into thy coach, and get in beside thee, with a drawn sword in my hand +and a dripping trencher on my head, singing such songs, until---- + +CECILIA. + +Earthworms and stone walls! + +JACCONOT. + +Hey! what of them? + +CECILIA. + + I would that as the corporal Past they cover, + They would, at earnest bidding of the will, + Entomb in walls of darkness and devour + The hated retrospections of the mind. + +JACCONOT (_aside_). + + Oho!--the lamps and saw-dust!--Here's foul play + And mischief in the market. Preaching varlet! + I'll find him out--I'll dog him! _Exit_. + +CECILIA. + + Self disgust + Gnaws at the root of being, and doth hang + A heavy sickness on the beams of day, + Making the atmosphere, which should exalt + Our contemplations, press us down to earth, + As though our breath had made it thick with plague. + Cursed! accursed be the freaks of Nature, + That mar us from ourselves, and make our acts + The scorn and loathing of our afterthoughts-- + The finger mark of Conscience, who, most treacherous, + Wakes to accuse, but slumber'd o'er the sin. + + _Exit._ + + +SCENE III. + + _A Room in the Triple Tun, Blackfriars._ + + MARLOWE, MIDDLETON, _and_ GENTLEMEN. + +GENTLEMAN. + + I do rejoice to find myself among + The choicest spirits of the age: health, sirs! + I would commend your fame to future years, + But that I know ere this ye must be old + In the conviction, and that ye full oft + With sure posterity have shaken hands + Over the unstable bridge of present time. + +MARLOWE. + + Not so: we write from the full heart within, + And leave posterity to find her own. + Health, sir!--your good deeds laurel you in heaven. + +MIDDLETON. + + 'Twere best men left their fame to chance and fashion, + As birds bequeath their eggs to the sun's hatching, + Since Genius can make no will. + +MARLOWE. + + Troth, can it! + But for the consequences of the deed, + What fires of blind fatality may catch them! + Say, you do love a woman--do adore her-- + You may embalm the memory of her worth + And chronicle her beauty to all time, + In words whereat great Jove himself might flush, + And feel Olympus tremble at his thoughts; + Yet where is your security? Some clerk + Wanting a foolscap, or some boy a kite, + Some housewife fuel, or some sportsman wadding + To wrap a ball (which hits the poet's brain + By merest accident) seizes your record, + And to the wind thus scatters all your will, + Or, rather, your will's object. Thus, our pride + Swings like a planet by a single hair, + Obedient to God's breath. More wine! more wine! + I preach--and I grow melancholy--wine! + + _Enter_ DRAWER _with a tankard_. + + A GENTLEMAN (_rising_). + + We're wending homeward--gentlemen, good night! + +MARLOWE. + + Not yet--not yet--the night has scarce begun-- + Nay, Master Heywood--Middleton, you'll stay! + Bright skies to those who go--high thoughts go with ye, + And constant youth! + +GENTLEMEN. + + We thank you, sir--good night! _Exeunt_ GENTLEMEN. + +HEYWOOD. + + Let's follow--'tis near morning. + +MARLOWE. + + Do not go. + I'm ill at ease, touching a certain matter + I've taken to heart--don't speak of't--and besides + I have a sort of horror of my bed. + Last night a squadron charged me in a dream, + With Isis and Osiris at the flanks, + Towering and waving their colossal arms, + While in the van a fiery chariot roll'd, + Wherein a woman stood--I knew her well-- + Who seem'd but newly risen from the grave! + + She whirl'd a javelin at me, and methought + I woke; when, slowly at the foot o' the bed + The mist-like curtains parted, and upon me + Did learned Faustus look! He shook his head + With grave reproof, but more of sympathy, + As though his past humanity came o'er him-- + Then went away with a low, gushing sigh, + That startled his own death-cold breast, and seem'd + As from a marble urn where passion's ashes + Their sleepless vigil keep. Well--perhaps they do. + (_after a pause_) + Lived he not greatly? Think what was his power! + All knowledge at his beck--the very Devil + His common slave. And, O, brought he not back, + Through the thick-million'd catacombs of ages, + Helen's unsullied loveliness to his arms? + +MIDDLETON. + + So--let us have more wine, then! + +HEYWOOD. + + Spirit enough + Springs from thee, Master Marlowe--what need more. + +MARLOWE. + + Drawer! lift up thy leaden poppy-head! + Up man!--where art? The night seems wondrous hot! + + (MARLOWE _throws open a side window that reaches + down to the floor, and stands there, looking out._) + +HEYWOOD (_to_ MIDDLETON). + + The air flows in upon his heated face, + And he grows pale with looking at the stars; + Thinking the while of many things in heaven. + +MIDDLETON. + + And some one on the earth--as fair to him-- + For, lo you!--is't not she? + + (_Pointing towards the open window_.) + +HEYWOOD. + + The lady, folded + In the long mantle, coming down the street? + +MIDDLETON. + + Let be; we cannot help him. + + (HEYWOOD _and_ MIDDLETON _retire apart_--CECILIA + _is passing by the open window_.) + +MARLOWE. + + Stay awhile!-- + One moment stay! + +CECILIA (_pausing_). + + That is not much to ask. + + (_She steps in through the window_.) + +MARLOWE. + + Nor much for you to grant; but O, to me + That moment is a circle without bounds,-- + Because I see no end to my delight! + +CECILIA. + + O, sir, you make me very sad at heart; + Let's speak no more of this. I am on my way + To walk beside the river. + +MARLOWE. + + May I come? + +CECILIA. + + Ah, no; I'll go alone. + +MARLOWE. + + 'Tis dark and dismal; +Nor do I deem it safe! + +CECILIA. + + What can harm _me_? + If not above, at least I am beyond + All common dangers. No, you shall not come. + I have some questions I would ask myself; + And in the sullen, melancholy flow + O' the unromantic Thames, that has been witness + Of many tragical realities, + Bare of adornment as its cold stone stairs, + I may find sympathy, if not response. + +MARLOWE. + + You find both here. I know thy real life; + We do not see the truth--or, O, how little! + Pure light sometimes through painted windows streams; + And, when all's dark around thee, thou art fair! + Thou bear'st within an ever-burning lamp, + To me more sacred than a vestal's shrine; + For she may be of heartless chastity, + False in all else, and proud of her poor ice, + As though 'twere fire suppress'd; but thou art good + For goodness' sake;--true-hearted, lovable, + For truth and honour's sake; and such a woman, + That man who wins, the gods themselves may envy. + +CECILIA (_going_). + + Considering all things, this is bitter sweet. + +MARLOWE. + +And I may come? (_following her_) + +CECILIA (_firmly_). + + You shall not. + +MARLOWE. + + I obey you. + +CECILIA (_tenderly_). + + Ah! Kit Marlowe,-- + You think too much of me--and of yourself + Too little! + +MARLOWE. + + Then I may----(_advancing_) + +CECILIA (_firmly_). + + No--no! + +MARLOWE. + + Wilt promise + To see me for one "good night" ere you sleep? + +CECILIA. + + On my way home I will. + + (_She turns to look at him--then steps through the + Window--Exit_.) + +MARLOWE. + + Be sure--be sure! + +(HEYWOOD _and_ MIDDLETON _approach_.) + +HEYWOOD. + +Now, Marlowe!--you desert us! + +MARLOWE. + + Say not so;-- + Or, saying so, add--that I have lost myself! + Nay, but I _have_; yonder I go in the dark! + (_pointing after_ CECILIA) + + _Street Music._--JACCONOT, _singing outside._ + + Ram out the link, boys; ho, boys![685] + There's daylight in the sky! + While the trenchers strew the floor, + And the worn-out grey beards snore, + Jolly throats continue dry! + Ram out the link, boys, &c. + +MIDDLETON. + +What voice is that? + +MARLOWE (_through his teeth_). + + From one of the hells. + +HEYWOOD. + +The roystering singer approaches. + + _Enter_ JACCONOT, _with a full tankard._ + +JACCONOT. + +Ever awake and shining, my masters! and here am I, your twin lustre, +always ready to herald and anoint your pleasures, like a true Master of +the Revels. I ha' just stepped over the drawer's body, laid nose and +heels together on the door-mat, asleep, and here's wherewith to continue +the glory! + +MIDDLETON. + + We need not your help. + +HEYWOOD. + + We thank you, Jack-o'-night: we would be alone. + +JACCONOT. + +What say _you_, Master Marlowe? you look as grim as a sign-painters' +first sketch on a tavern bill, after his ninth tankard. + +MIDDLETON. + + Cease your death-rattle, night-hawk! + +MARLOWE. + + That's well said. + +JACCONOT. + +Is it? So 'tis my gallants--a night-bird like yourselves, am I. + +MARLOWE. + + Beast!--we know you. + +JACCONOT. + +Your merry health, Master Kit Marlowe! I'll bring a loud pair of palms +to cheer your soul the next time you strut in red paint with a wooden +weapon at your thigh. + +MARLOWE. + + Who sent for _you_, dorr-hawk?--go! + +JACCONOT. + +Go! Aha!--I remember the word--same tone, same gesture--or as like as +the two profiles of a monkey, or as two squeaks for one pinch. Go!--not +I--here's to all your healths! One pull more! There, I've done--take it, +Master Marlowe; and pledge me as the true knight of London's rarest +beauties! + +MARLOWE. + + I will! (_Dashes the tankard at his head_.) + +JACCONOT (_stooping quickly_). + +A miss, 'fore-gad!--the wall has got it! See where it trickles down like +the long robe of some dainty fair one! And look you here--and there +again, look you!--what make you of the picture he hath presented? + +MARLOWE (_staggers as he stares at the wall_). + + O subtle Nature! who hath so compounded + Our senses, playing into each other's wheels, + That feeling oft acts substitute for sight, + As sight becomes obedient to the thought-- + How canst thou place such wonders at the mercy + Of every wretch that crawls? I feel--I see! + + (_Street Music as before, but farther off._) + +JACCONOT (_singing_). + + Ram out the link, boys; ho, boys! + The blear-eyed morning's here; + Let us wander through the streets, + And kiss whoe'er one meets; + St. Cecil is my dear! + Ram out the link, boys, &c. + +MARLOWE (_drawing_). + + Lightning come up from hell and strangle thee! + +MIDDLETON _and_ HEYWOOD. + + Nay, Marlowe! Marlowe! (_they hold him back_). + +MIDDLETON (_to_ JACCONOT). + + Away, thou bestial villain! + +JACCONOT (_singing at_ MARLOWE). + + St. Cecil is my dear! + +MARLOWE (_furiously_). + + Blast! blast and scatter + Thy body to ashes! Off! I'll have his ghost! + + (_rushes at_ JACCONOT--_they fight--Marlowe disarms him; but_ JACCONOT + _wrests_ MARLOWE'S _own sword from his hand, and stabs him_--MARLOWE + _falls_) + +MIDDLETON. + + See! see! + +MARLOWE (_clasping his forehead_). + + Who's down?--answer me, friends--is't I?-- + Or in the maze of some delirious trance, + Some realm unknown, or passion newly born-- + Ne'er felt before--am I transported thus? + My fingers paddle, too, in blood--is't mine? + +JACCONOT. + +O, content you, Master Marplot--it's you that's down, drunk or sober; +and that's your own blood on your fingers, running from a three-inch +groove in your ribs for the devil's imps to slide into you. Ugh! cry +gramercy! for it's all over with your rhyming! + +HEYWOOD. + + O, heartless mischief! + +MIDDLETON. + + Hence, thou rabid cur! + +MARLOWE. + + What demon in the air with unseen arm + Hath turn'd my unchain'd fury against myself? + Recoiling dragon! thy resistless force + Scatters thy mortal master in his pride, + To teach him, with self-knowledge, to fear thee. + Forgetful of all corporal conditions, + My passion hath destroy'd me! + +JACCONOT. + +No such matter; it was _my_ doing. You shouldn't ha' ran at me in that +fashion with a real sword--I thought it had been one o' your sham ones. + +MIDDLETON. + + Away! + +HEYWOOD. + + See! his face changes--lift him up! + (_they raise and support him_) + Here--place your hand upon his side--here, here-- + Close over mine, and staunch the flowing wound! + +MARLOWE (_delirious_.) + + Bright is the day--the air with glory teems-- + And eagles wanton in the smile of Jove: + Can these things be, and Marlowe live no more! + O Heywood! Heywood! I had a world of hopes + About that woman--now in my heart they rise + Confused, as flames from my life's coloured map, + That burns until with wrinkling agony + Its ashes flatten, separate, and drift + Through gusty darkness. Hold me fast by the arm! + A little aid will save me:--See! she's here! + I clasp thy form--I feel thy breath, my love-- + And know thee for a sweet saint come to save me! + Save!--is it death I feel--it cannot be death? + +JACCONOT (_half aside_.) + +Marry, but it can!--or else your sword's a foolish dog that dar'n't bite +his owner. + +MARLOWE. + + O friends--dear friends--this is a sorry end-- + A most unworthy end! To think--O God!-- + To think that I should fall by the hand of one + Whose office, like his nature, is all baseness, + Gives Death ten thousand stings, and to the Grave + A damning victory! Fame sinks with life! + A galling--shameful--ignominious end! (_sinks down_). + O mighty heart! O full and orbed heart, + Flee to thy kindred sun, rolling on high! + Or let the hoary and eternal sea + Sweep me away, and swallow body and soul! + +JACCONOT. + +There'll be no "encore" to either, I wot; for thou'st led an ill life, +Master Marlowe; and so the sweet Saint thou spok'st of, will remain my +fair game--behind the scenes. + +MARLOWE. + + Liar! slave! sla---- Kind Master Heywood, + You will not see me die thus!--thus by the hand + And maddening tongue of such a beast as that! + Haste, if you love me--fetch a leech to help me-- + Here--Middleton--sweet friend--a bandage here-- + I cannot die by such a hand--I will not-- + I say I will not die by that vile hand! + Go bring Cecilia to me--bring the leech-- + Close--close this wound--you know I did it myself-- + Bring sweet Cecilia--haste--haste--instantly-- + Bring life and time--bring heaven!--Oh, I am dying!-- + Some water--stay beside me--maddening death, + By such a hand! O villain! from the grave + I constantly will rise--to curse! curse! curse thee! + (_Rises_--_and falls dead_.) + +MIDDLETON. + + Terrible end! + +HEYWOOD. + + O God!--he is quite gone! + +JACCONOT (_aghast_.) + +'Twas dreadful--'twas! Christ help us! and lull him to sleep in's grave. +I stand up for mine own nature none the less. (_Voices without_) What +noise is that? + +_Enter_ OFFICERS. + +CHIEF OFFICER. + +This is our man--ha! murder has been here! You are our prisoner--the +gallows waits you! + +JACCONOT. + +What have I done to be hung up like a miracle? The hemp's not sown nor +the ladder-wood grown, that shall help fools to finish me! He did it +himself! He said so with his last words!--there stands his friends and +brother players--put them to their Testament if he said not he did it +himself? + +CHIEF OFFICER. + + Who is it lies here?--methinks that I should know him, + But for the fierce distortion of his face! + +MIDDLETON. + + He who erewhile wrote with a brand of fire, + Now, in his passionate blood, floats tow'rds the grave! + The present time is ever ignorant-- + We lack clear vision in our self-love's maze; + But Marlowe in the future will stand great, + Whom this--the lowest caitiff in the world-- + A nothing, save in grossness, hath destroy'd. + +JACCONOT. + +"Caitiff" back again in your throat! and "gross nothing" to boot--may +you have it to live upon for a month, and die mad and starving! Would'st +swear my life away so lightly? Tut! who was he? I could always find the +soundings of a quart tankard, or empty a pasty in half his time, and +swear as rare oaths between whiles--who was he? I too ha' write my odes +and Pindar jigs with the twinkling of a bedpost, to the sound of the +harp and hurdygurdy, while Capricornus wagged his fiery beard; I ha' +sung songs to the faint moon's echoes at daybreak and danced here away +and there away, like the lightning through a forest! As to your sword +and dagger play, I've got the trick o' the eye and wrist--who was he? +What's all his gods--his goddesses and lies?--the first a'nt worth a +word; and for the two last, I was always a prince of both! "Caitiff!" +and "beast!" and "nothing!"--who was he? + +CHIEF OFFICER. + + You're ours, for sundry villanies committed, + Sufficient each to bring your vice to an end; + The law hath got you safely in its grasp! + +JACCONOT (_after a pause_). + +Then may Vice and I sit crown'd in heaven, while Law and Honesty stalk +damned through hell! Now do I see the thing very +plain!--treachery--treachery, my masters! I know the jade that hath +betrayed me--I know her. 'Slud! who cares? She was a fine woman, too--a +rare person--and a good spirit; but there's an end of all now--she's +turned foolish and virtuous, and a tell-tale, and I am to be turned to +dust through it--long, long before my time: and these princely limbs +must go make a dirt-pie--build up a mud hut--or fatten an alderman's +garden! There! calf-heads--there's a lemon for your mouths! Heard'st +ever such a last dying speech and confession! Write it in red ochre on a +sheet of Irish, and send it to Mistress Cecily for a death-winder. I +know what you've got against me--and I know you all deserve just the +same yourselves--but lead on, my masters! + + _Exeunt_ JACCONOT _and_ OFFICERS. + +MIDDLETON. + + O Marlowe! canst thou rise with power no more? + Can greatness die thus? + +HEYWOOD (_bending over the body.)_ + + Miserable sight! + + (_A shriek outside the house_). + +MIDDLETON. + + That cry!--what may that mean? + +HEYWOOD (_as if awaking_). + + I hear no cry. + +MIDDLETON. + + What is't comes hither, like a gust of wind? + + CECILIA _rushes in_. + +CECILIA. + + Where--where? O, then, 'tis true--and he is dead! + All's over now--there's nothing in the world-- + For he who raised my heart up from the dust, + And show'd me noble lights in mine own soul, + Has fled my gratitude and growing love-- + I never knew how deep it was till now! + Through me, too!--do not curse me!--I was the cause-- + Yet do not curse me--No! no! not the cause, + But that it happen'd so. This is the reward + Of Marlowe's love!--why, why did I delay? + O, gentlemen, pray for me! I have been + Lifted in heavenly air--and suddenly + The arm that placed me, and with strength sustain'd me, + Is snatch'd up, starward: I can neither follow, + Nor can I touch the gross earth any more! + Pray for me, gentlemen!--but breathe no blessings-- + Let not a blessing sweeten your dread prayers-- + I wish no blessings--nor could bear their weight; + For I am left, I know not where or how: + But, pray for me--my soul is buried here. + + (_Sinks down upon the body._) + +MIDDLETON. + + "Cut is the branch that might have grown full straight, + And burned is Apollo's laurel bough!" + + (_Solemn music._) + + +Dark Curtain. + +FOOTNOTES: + +[685] The inverted iron horns or tubes, a few of which still remain on +lamp-posts and gates, were formerly used as extinguishers to the torches +which were thrust into them. + + + + +INDEX TO THE NOTES. + + + affects, iii. 60 + again, ii. 161 + a-good, ii. 49 + air of life, ii. 217 + Albertus, i. 220. + Alcides' post, i. 105 + a-life, iii. 175 + Alleyn, Edward, ii. 6 + Almain rutters, i. 112 + amorous, i. 121 + Antwerp, blockade of, i. 217 + aphorisms, i. 213 + appointed, ii. 190 + approve, iii. 263 + Aquarius, iii. 279 + _Arden of Feversham_, quoted, ii. 89 + argins, i. 149 + Ariosto, incident taken from, i. 177 + artier, i. 45 + axes, iii. 255 + azur'd, i. 276 + + bable, iii. 299 + Badgeth, i. 115 + baiting, iii. 99 + ballace, ii. 335 + bandy, ii. 125 + Banks' horse, iii. 232 + Barabas' nose, ii. 47 + basilisks, i. 67 + bassoes, i. 48 + bastones, i. 57 + bevers, i. 246 + bezzling, iii. 247 + bid a base, ii. 191 + bill, i. 213 + bird-bolt, iii. 96 + blazing star, iii. 225 + block, iii. 226 + blubbered, i. 85 + bombards, ii. 105 + border, iii. 129 + boss, i. 62 + Boulogne, taking of, iii. 224 + Bourne, Vincent, his _Cantatrices_, iii. 238 + bousing-glass, iii. 247 + brave, i. 21 + braves, ii. 175 + Brest, expedition against, iii. 239 + Britainy, ii. 10 + bugs, i. 164 + bullets wrapt in fire, ii. 40 + burn, iii. 234 + by, ii. 14 + + Cadiz, expedition against, iii. 48 + carbonadoes, i. 79 + case, i. 246 + cast, ii. 165 + Catullus imitated, iii. 89 + catzery, ii. 89 + cavaliero, i. 141 + cazzo, ii. 75 + centronel, ii. 328 + champion, i. 32 + channel (collar-bone), i. 125 + channel (gutter), ii. 127 + cleapt, iii. 98 + cleys, iii. 279 + clift, i. 206 + clout, i. 37 + coated, iii. 314 + coll, ii. 354 + colts, i. 180 + competitor, i. 25 + confits, iii. 85 + convertite, ii. 22 + counterfeit, i. 51 + counterscarfs, iii. 228 + covent, ii. 78 + covered way, i. 149 + Creusa's crown, allusion to, ii. 207 + cross, ii. 52 + cross-biting, ii. 89 + cullions, ii. 148 + curst, iii. 225 + custom, ii. 13 + cypress, iii. 51 + + Damasco, i. 84 + Damascus walls, i. 87 + damned, i. 204 + dang'd, iii. 37 + Daniel, Samuel, allusions to, iii. 232, 242 + debasement of coinage, iii. 225 + defend, ii. 272 + deserved, ii. 190 + Devil (he that eats with the Devil had need of a long spoon), ii. 67 + die, ii. 119 + Dis, iii. 36 + discoloured, iii. 10 + dittany, ii. 205 + double cannons, i. 252 + Drayton, Michael, allusion to, iii. 228 + + earns, ii. 202 + ecues, ii. 244 + elephant, object of wonder, iii. 217 + Elze, Dr. Karl, emendation by, ii. 364 + enginous, iii. 52 + entrance, ii. 252 + erring, i. 223 + exercise, ii. 84 + exhibition, ii. 280 + exocoetus, ii. 154 + eyas, iii. 62 + eye, by the, ii. 68 + eyelids of the day, ii. 38 + + falc'nets, i. 152 + false-brays, iii. 228 + fancy, ii. 339 + far-fet, ii. 344 + favour, iii. 97 + fawns, iii. 92 + fet, iii. 268 + few, in, ii. 68 + fleering, ii. 161 + fleet, i. 61 + flour, iii. 11 + flying-fish, ii. 154 + foil (check), i. 64 + foil (stain), i. 170 + foreslow, ii. 167 + frost of 1564, iii. 224 + + gabions, i. 154 + garboils, iii. 255 + Gascoigne, George, iii. 226 + gaunt, iii. 236 + gear, i. 31 + give arms, i. 164 + glorious, i. 70 + gobbets, iii. 111 + grate, iii. 215 + guess, i. 313 + Guilpin's _Skialetheia_ quoted, iii. 214, 238 + Guise, the, ii. 9 + + had I wist, ii. 172 + halcyon's bill, ii. 12 + Hammon, Master Thomas, ii. 4 + Harington, Sir John, his _Ajax_, iii. 231; + his dog Bungey, iii. 245 + harness, ii. 324 + Hatton, Sir Christopher, his monument, iii. 217 + haught, ii. 176 + Havre, expedition against, iii. 224 + hay, ii. 122 + head (to head, to head!), iii. 241 + hebon, ii. 68 + held in hand, ii. 61 + Hermoso piarer, etc., ii. 38 + het, iii. 47 + hey-pass, i. 266 + Heywood, John, iii. 231 + hold a wolf by the ears, ii. 212 + horsebread, i. 257 + horse-courser, i. 264 + hugy, i. 59 + Hunkes, Harry, iii. 242 + + I, old spelling for _ay_, i. 78. (The form _I_ has been retained, + perhaps unnecessarily, throughout.) + imbast, iii. 192 + impartial, ii. 60 + imperance, iii. 55 + imprecations, i. 85 + incontinent, i. 11 + incony, ii. 93 + injury (verb), i. 16 + intire, iii. 49 + investion, i. 16 + ippocras, i. 256 + Irish kerns, ii. 160 + + jesses, ii. 155 + jig, ii. 161 + John the Great, i. 128 + Jubalter, i. 128 + Judas, ii. 95 + + keend, ii. 372 + keep, ii. 245 + Knave's acre, i. 229 + knights of the post, iii. 128 + known of, i. 266 + + lake, ii. 226 + lanch, i. 22 + Lantchidol, i. 114 + lawnds, ii. 312 + leaguer, i. 127 + leave, ii. 327 + Lepidus, his printed dog, iii. 245 + let, i. 80 + liefest, ii. 373 + lightly borne, iii. 107 + linstock, ii. 107 + Lopez, Doctor, i. 266 + love-lock, iii. 226 + lown, ii. 135 + + mails, i. 22 + malgrado, ii. 169 + malice (verb), i. 15 + mandrake juice, ii. 99 + March beer, i. 247 + Martlemas beef, i. 247 + mate, i. 13, 211 + measures, i. 188 + merchants, i. 24 + mere, iii. 44 + merit, iii. 266 + Milton quoted, ii. 38; iii. 22 + minions, i. 152 + miss, i. 173 + Mithridate, i. 89 + moorish fool, iii. 50 + More, Sir Thomas, allusion to a Latin epigram by, iii. 235 + Moroccus, i. 58 + mottoes at the end of plays, i. 283 + Mount Falcon, ii. 253 + mounted his chariot, i. 183 + muschatoes, ii. 84 + Muse (masculine), i. 211 + muted, iii. 241 + + neck-verse, ii. 83 + need, i. 119 + nepenthe, iii. 234 + nephew, ii. 329 + no way but one, i. 92 + nymph, ii. 360 + + old Edward, ii. 218 + on cai me on, i. 213 + ostry, i. 267 + other some, iii. 85 + Ovid imitated, i. 25 + packed, ii. 359 + paised, iii. 25 + parbreak, i. 95 + Paris-Garden, iii. 241 + pash, i. 59 + pass, i. 13 + Paul's churchyard, iii. 251 + Paul's steeple struck by lightning, iii. 225 + pentacle, iii. 45 + Perkins, Richard, ii. 6. + Petrarch's _Itinerarium Syriacum_ quoted, i. 250 + pheres, iii. 66 + pickadevaunts, i. 228 + pilling, i. 65 + pin, i. 37 + pioners, i. 50 + pitch, i. 28 + places, ii. 258 + plage, i. 83 + plat, iii. 81 + plates, ii. 44 + platform, ii. 363 + Plato's year, i. 74 + play the man, i. 159 + play-houses, hours of performance at, iii. 238. + Pont Neuf, iii. 236 + porcupine darting her quills, ii. 121 + port, i. 30 + portagues, ii. 28 + prest, i. 116 + pretend (_i.e._ portend), ii. 64 + pretend (_i.e._ intend), ii. 104 + prevail, i. 141 + prize played, ii. 7 + proin, iii. 66 + prorex, i. 12 + purchase, i. 42 + put by, iii. 17 + + quenchless, ii. 323 + qui mihi discipulus, i. 229 + quit, ii. 367 + quite, ii. 282 + quod tumeraris, i. 224 + + racking, i. 179 + ray, iii. 180 + ream, ii. 88 + rebated, i. 177 + reflex, i. 50 + regiment, i. 13 + renied, Christians, i. 48 + renowned, i. 24 + resolve, i. 13 + respect, ii. 142 + retorqued, i. 94 + Rhamnus, i. 35 + Rhodes, i. 212 + ringled, iii. 29 + rising in the North, iii. 224 + rivelled, ii. 334; iii. 124 + Rivo-Castiliano, ii. 92 + road, ii. 160 + rod, i. 122 + rombelow, with a, ii. 161 + ruinate, ii. 244 + run division, ii. 88 + running banquet, ii. 86 + rushes, rooms strewed with, iii. 27 + + Sabans, ii. 11 + Sackarson, iii. 242 + St. Quentin, storming of, iii. 224 + sakers, i. 152 + sarell, i. 58 + saunce, iii. 127 + saying, ii. 44 + scald, i. 31 + scambled, ii. 16 + scenes, i. 215 + scholarism, i. 212 + schright, iii. 275 + sciomancy, i. 218 + sect, ii. 28 + set, ii. 249 + Seven deadly Sins, i. 245 + shadow, ii. 175 + Shakespeare quoted, i. 16, 18, 25, 29, 31, 46, 92, 97, 167, 254, 266, + 275; ii. 12, 16, 36, 37, 40, 41, 44, 60, 68, 84, 86, 99, 128, 142, + 158, 193, 218, 228, 304, 326; iii. 9, 12, 15, 24, 27, 31, 41, 50, 65, + 89, 234 + shaver, ii. 45 + Shelley quoted, i. 155, 206 + shine, iii. 106 + silverlings, ii. 11 + Skelton imitated, iii. 59 + slick, i. 265 + slop, i. 230 + slubber, iii. 65 + smell-feast, iii. 239 + snicle, ii. 92 + soil, ii. 343 + sollars, ii. 76 + sometimes, ii. 31 + sonnet, i. 253 + sort, ii. 288 + souse, iii. 264 + Spenser quoted in _Tamburlaine_, i. 183. (I neglected to point out + that in i. 173, "As when an herd of lusty Cymbrian bulls," &c., there + is an imitation of a passage of the _Faerie Queene_, Book I. canto + viii.-- + + "As great a noyse, as when in Cymbrian plaine + An heard of Bulles, whom kindly rage doth sting + Do for the milkie mothers want complaine, + And fill the fields with troublous bellowing, + The neighbour woods around with hollow murmur ring.") + + spials, i. 32 + sprung, iii. 64 + staring up, hair, iii. 89 + stated, ii. 39 + states, i. 14 + statua, i. 142 + stature, i. 74 + staves acre, i. 229 + stems, i. 24 + stern, ii. 365 + stomach, ii. 129 + stools on the stage, iii. 215 + stoops, i. 169 + strain, i. 155 + subject, i. 203 + supprised, ii. 306 + sure, made, ii. 50 + sweating sickness, iii. 224 + + taint, i. 122 + take in, iii. 239 + talents, i. 46 + tall, i. 167 + _tanti_, ii. 120 + taxing private, iii. 213 + Theatre and Curtain playhouses, iii. 218 + Theocritus imitated, iii. 61 + thirling, iii. 9 + tho, iii. 107 + three for one, iii. 240 + timeless, ii. 128 + tires, i. 47 + to, ii. 74 + tobacco, Bobadil's encomium of, iii. 235 + tobacco smoked on the stage, iii. 231 + topless, i. 275 + tottered, ii. 89 + toy, iii. 86 + train, ii. 183 + trannels, iii. 134 + Trier, i. 250 + true, true, ii. 127 + Turk of tenpence, ii. 84 + twigger, ii. 362 + Tyrone's insurrection, iii. 244 + + unresisted, ii. 339 + unvalued, i. 18 + ure, ii. 48 + + vail, ii. 39 + valure, iii. 80 + valurous, i. 20 + Vanity, Lady, ii. 45 + vaut, i. 23 + villainese, i. 95 + villainy, i. 52 + Vulcan's dancing, ii. 304 + + wagers laid about actors, ii. 7 + wall'd in, ii. 304 + water-work at London Bridge, iii. 217 + watery star, iii. 9 + when? ii. 63 + when? can you tell? ii. 171 + while, i. 80 + whist, ii. 349 + Wigmore, ii. 162 + will, i. 136 + winter's tale, ii. 36 + + Wordsworth, his _Power of Music_, iii. 238 + wreaks, iii. 160 + + Zoacum, i. 135 + + +PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE, HANSON AND CO. + EDINBURGH AND LONDON. + + + + +Transcriber's Notes: + + +Page 164: +In amicam, quod abortivum ipsa fecrrit. +Typo for fecerit. Changed. + +Footnote 350: Not in Islam. +Typo for 'Isham' as elsewhere. Changed. + +Footnote 381: So eds. B, C.--Islam. +Typo for 'Isham'. Changed. + +Footnote 462: In his close nips describde a gull to thee: +Possible typo 'describde for described'. Unchanged. + +Page 272: +Or, dropping-ripe, ready to fall with urin. +Probable typo for ruin. Changed. + +Page 351: +a'nt for ain't. Unchanged. + +Various: +u and v may be reversed. +i and j may be reversed. + +The index applies to all three volumes. + +Elegia V missing. See Footnote 368. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Works of Christopher Marlowe, Vol. +3 (of 3), by Christopher Marlowe + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE *** + +***** This file should be named 21262.txt or 21262.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/1/2/6/21262/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Leonard Johnson and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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