diff options
Diffstat (limited to '21642.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | 21642.txt | 3282 |
1 files changed, 3282 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/21642.txt b/21642.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..71d7d45 --- /dev/null +++ b/21642.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3282 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Lady Cadogan's Illustrated Games of +Solitaire or Patience, by Adelaide Cadogan + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Lady Cadogan's Illustrated Games of Solitaire or Patience + New Revised Edition, including American Games + +Author: Adelaide Cadogan + +Release Date: May 30, 2007 [EBook #21642] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GAMES OF SOLITAIRE OR PATIENCE *** + + + + +Produced by David Starner and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +LADY CADOGAN'S + +Illustrated Games of Solitaire or Patience + + + +_NEW REVISED EDITION_ + + +INCLUDING American Games + + + +"How poor are they that have not patience."--OTHELLO. + +_Patientia vincit._ + + + +PHILADELPHIA +DAVID McKAY COMPANY +Washington Square + +Copyright, 1914, by DAVID MCKAY COMPANY + +Printed in United States of America + + + + +[Transcriber's Note: This alphabetical list of the games was produced +for the convenience of the reader and is not contained in the original +text.] + + + CONTENTS + +ANNA THE FIFTEEN +BABETTE THE FISH-BONE +CAESAR THE FLOWER-GARDEN +CANFIELD OR KLONDIKE THE FOUR CORNERS +FORTRESS THE FOURTEENTH +GENERAL SEDGEWICK THE GREAT THIRTEEN +LA BELLE LUCIE THE HEMISPHERES +LA NIVERNAISE THE HERRING-BONE +LIGHT AND SHADE THE KINGS +MARGARETHE THE LABYRINTH +MOUNT OLYMPUS THE "LOUIS" PATIENCE +NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA THE MILL +NAPOLEON'S SQUARE THE NATION +NESTOR THE OLGA +RED AND BLACK THE QUEENS +SLY THE SALIC LAW +SPENSER'S FAIRIE QUEEN THE SHAH +THE BESIEGED CITY THE SQUARE +THE BLOCKADE THE SULTAN +THE CARPET THE TERRACE +THE CLOCK THE WHEEL +THE CONGRESS THE ZODIAC +THE CONSTITUTION TWO RINGS +THE EMPRESS OF INDIA + + + + +EXPLANATION OF THE TABLEAUX + + +The blank spaces show where the foundation cards should be played +during the deal. + + +EXPLANATION OF TERMS + +_Available cards._ Those that are not "blocked" by other cards, _i.e._, +not forbidden by the particular rules of each game, to be used. + +_Released cards._ Those which, by the removal of the cards that blocked +them, have now become available. + +_Suitable cards._ Those whose value and suit fit them to be played or +placed in the tableaux. + +_Foundation cards._ Those on which the Patience is formed. These are +generally aces and kings. + +_Marriage._ The placing a card _of the same suit_ on the next one above +or below it in value. Any number may be placed on each other in this +way. + +_Sequence._ The regular succession of cards ascending from ace to king, +or descending from king to ace; a sequence need not be of one suit. + +_Value._ The figures of the court cards, and the number of points of +the minor ones. + +_Suit._ Either hearts, spades, diamonds, or clubs. + +_Lane._ An empty space in the tableau, which has been formed by the +removal of an entire row of cards. + +_Talon._ Cards which, being unsuitable at the moment, are laid aside in +one or more packets till they can come into use. + +_To play cards._ The _placing them on the foundations_ in +contradistinction to placing them elsewhere. + +_Re-deals._ These are always in addition to the original deal. + + + + +[Illustration: LA BELLE LUCIE.] + + + + +LA BELLE LUCIE + +One Entire Pack of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The uppermost card of each packet is alone available, until by its +removal it releases the one beneath. + +II. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal out the entire pack in packets of three cards dealt together and +placed as in tableau. The last packet, however, will contain but one +card. + +The four aces form the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence +to kings. + +Having placed the tableau, take any aces that may appear on the surface +of the packets and play them in their allotted spaces, and upon them +any other suitable cards, subject to Rule I. + +When all available cards have been played, you proceed to release +others, by forming marriages in a descending line on the tableau; but +great care is requisite, lest in releasing one card another still more +necessary to success should be blocked. The whole tableau should be +carefully examined, and the combinations arranged so as to release the +greatest number of suitable cards. + +When this has been done, and there are no more available cards to play, +the entire tableau may be taken up, shuffled and re-dealt (if necessary +twice), then played again as before. + +This game can also be played with two packs, the eight aces forming the +foundation cards, and double the number of packets being dealt for the +tableau. It is then called "THE HOUSE IN THE WOOD." + +There is also another way of playing it with two packs. The foundation +cards to be four aces, and four kings of different suits, and marriages +made both in ascending and descending lines. The name of this game is +"THE HOUSE ON THE HILL." + + + + +[Illustration: NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA.] + + + + +NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Only cards in the lowest row are available, until a card in any +other row is released by the removal of those below it, the principle +being that _no card can be used that has another below it_. + +II. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal out from left to right four rows of ten cards. + +The eight aces, when they can be placed, form the foundation cards, and +are to ascend in sequence to kings. + +Should any aces appear in the lowest row, play them in their allotted +spaces, and upon them any suitable cards to continue the foundations +(Rule I). + +You must now examine the tableau and endeavor by forming marriages (in +descending line, and always subject to Rule I) to release other +suitable cards. This, however, must be done with care, lest a sequence +in a lower row may block a card above it which is much wanted, and +might soon have been released. + +If by these changes you can make a vacancy in the uppermost row (thus +forming a perpendicular lane), it is of the greatest use. The vacancy +may be refilled with any available card from the tableau or from the +talon, but you are not obliged to refill it until a favorable +opportunity occurs. + +_Note._--Some players only allow the vacancy to be filled from the +talon. + +The card so placed has all the privileges of the original card whose +place it fills, and is treated in the same manner. + +When there are no more available cards to play, proceed to deal out the +remainder of the pack, turning the cards one by one, playing all +suitable ones on the foundations, or placing them on the sequences of +the tableau. The cards that cannot be so employed are laid aside in one +packet, forming the talon. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE FIFTEEN.] + + + + +THE FIFTEEN + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Only cards in the seventh or lowest row are available, until by +their removal those above them are released. _No card can at any time +be used that has any other below it._ + +_Note._--There is one exception to this rule, in case the game cannot +be opened. See below. + +II. Each foundation must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal out the entire pack from left to right in horizontal rows, fifteen +cards in each, excepting the last one, which can only contain fourteen. +Each row should partly cover over the preceding one; four aces and four +kings form the foundation cards, the aces ascending in sequence to +kings, the kings descending in sequence to aces. _When the deal is +complete_, if any foundation cards should appear in the lowest row +(Rule I), play them at once on the spaces reserved, and also any other +suitable cards--then marry, both in ascending and in descending lines, +subject to Rule I; but if, after these changes, no foundation card is +available, so that the patience cannot even begin, you may withdraw +from the sixth row one ace and one king, if any are to be found (see +note to Rule I), immediately filling the spaces so made with the cards +below which had previously blocked them. If even this resource is +unavailing, the patience has already failed, there being no re-deal, +and no further infringement of rules allowed. + +When one or more foundations are established, examine the tableau +carefully, marry all available cards, and endeavor by these changes to +release the greatest number of suitable cards for the foundations, and +to open out one or more perpendicular lanes. These are of the greatest +use; you may select any available card and place it at the top of the +lane, and below it any others in sequence of the same suit, each card +partly concealing the preceding one, as in the original deal. + +You may also use the lane for reversing any sequences previously made. +Thus, supposing there is a sequence beginning with a ten and ending +with a three (the ten being required for one of the foundations), place +the three at the top of the lane, the other cards following until the +ten becomes the lowest or available card. + +In theory this patience is simple, but it is very difficult to play. +The combinations are endless, from the constant reversing of sequences, +and require great attention. As the success principally depends on the +lanes, it is more prudent, when you have only one, not to refill it +until by some fresh combination you can open out another one. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE SALIC LAW.] + + + + +THE SALIC LAW + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Only the cards on the surface of the king packets are available, +until their removal as usual releases those beneath, but all the cards +in each packet may be examined. + +II. The foundations do not follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Take from the pack and place one king to begin the line of eight kings, +that are to be successively placed in a horizontal row as they appear +in the deal. On this first king you place all the cards as you deal +them until the next king appears. You now place the cards as you deal +them upon this second king, and you continue thus to deal out the whole +pack, always heaping upon the last king that has appeared all the cards +as they are dealt. + +The eight aces are to form the foundation cards, and are to ascend in +sequence to knaves (Rule II). When in the course of the deal any aces +appear, they are to be immediately placed in a line above the king +packets, and upon them any suitable cards (Rule I), and when the queens +appear they are to be placed in a row above the foundations. The queens +are merely placed to complete the final tableau, which, if the patience +succeeds, consists of the eight queens above, the eight knaves +finishing the foundations in the centre, and the eight kings below. You +must continually examine the surface of the king packets to play any +suitable cards on the foundations, and in so doing endeavor to free +some of the kings entirely, for when the deal is ended you are allowed +to place one card from any of the other packets (Rule I) on each king, +and you must, of course, choose those cards that will release the +greatest number of suitable cards for the foundations, for which +purpose the whole packets may be examined. In this consists the entire +play. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE FOUR CORNERS.] + + + + +THE FOUR CORNERS + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. After the deal is completed, the uppermost card of each packet is +available and may be placed on _any of the foundations_, the cards +underneath being released as usual by the removal of those that covered +them. + +II. Each foundation must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal out twelve cards as in tableau, beginning on the left. Place the +top corner card, then the four side cards, lastly the lower corner +card; repeat this process on the right hand, beginning with the top +corner, and leaving space in the centre for the foundation cards. These +will consist of four aces and four kings of different suits, the aces +ascending in sequence to kings, and the kings descending in sequence to +aces. + +Having dealt the first round of twelve cards, proceed to deal out the +entire pack in successive rounds covering the first one, but in dealing +each several round the following method must be strictly observed: + +The eight foundation cards, as they appear in the deal (whether they +fall on the corner or on the side packets), are to be at once played in +the space reserved for them, and on these may be played any suitable +cards which in dealing fall _on either of the four corner packets_; but +when a card (otherwise suitable) falls on either of the _side packets_, +it may not be played unless the foundation to which it belongs happens +to be the one _immediately adjoining the side packet on which that card +fell in dealing_. + +_Note._--Whenever in dealing a card is withdrawn, to place on one of +the foundations, the next card in the pack is placed in its stead. + +_After the entire deal is completed_ these restrictions cease, all +suitable cards may now be played, subject to Rule I, and marriages, +both in ascending and descending lines, may be made with cards on the +surface of the twelve packets; great care must, however, be taken in +making these marriages, lest in releasing one card you block another +that is equally required. The contents of each packet should be +carefully examined, and only those marriages made which release the +greatest number of suitable cards. + +_Note._--The sequences thus made may be reversed if required, viz., if +one of the packets contained a sequence, beginning with deuce and +ascending to eight (this being, of course, the top card), and one of +the other packets had at the top a nine of the same suit, the eight +might be placed on the nine, the rest of the sequence following, till +the deuce became the top (or available) card. + +When all possible combinations have been made, and further progress is +impossible, the twelve packets may be taken up in order, beginning on +the left, re-dealt, and played exactly as before. If necessary, there +may be two re-deals. + + + + +[Illustration: THE MILL.] + + + + +THE MILL + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. All cards in the wings are available. + +II. The five foundations do not follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Take from the pack one ace and place it in the centre before you; next +deal out eight cards, grouping them round the ace to represent the +wings of a windmill. The _first four kings_ that appear in dealing are +to be played in the four angles (see tableau). These, with the centre +ace, form the five foundation cards. Each of the four kings is to +descend in sequence to ace, while upon the centre ace four entire +families are to be piled in sequences (Rule II). + +Having placed the centre ace and the wings, take from the latter any +kings for the foundations, or other suitable cards to play on them, or +on the centre ace, filling up the spaces so made from the cards in your +hand. Then proceed to deal out the remaining cards, turning them one by +one, playing all whose value admit of it on the foundations. The cards +that cannot be so used are placed aside in one packet, forming the +talon. + +_Note._--The four families on the centre ace each begin with ace and +end with king. + +It is better to play cards from the talon rather than from the wings. + +Vacancies in the wings must be _immediately_ refilled from the pack or +talon. + +In forming the foundations, the uppermost card of either of the king +packets may be transferred, if suitable, to the ace packet; but this +privilege is limited to _one_ card of each at a time, and may only be +resorted to when the playing of that card would bring into immediate +use any other available card of the wings or of the talon. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE SHAH.] + + + + +THE SHAH + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. During the deal cards in each circle of the star are available until +another circle blocks them. After the deal is completed only cards in +the third (or outer) circle are available until, as usual, their +removal releases the inner circles. + + II. Marriages are limited to cards in the third circle; cards in the +inner circles, even when released, can only be played, but not married. + +III. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Take from the pack the eight aces and the eight kings. Throw aside +seven of the kings and place the remaining one in the centre, with the +eight aces surrounding it in a circle. + +The king is called The Shah, and remains alone. The aces are the +foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence to queens. + +Next deal out a circle of eight cards, beginning at the top and +continuing from left to right. If any of these are suitable, play them, +filling the spaces at once from the cards in your hand. Then deal out a +second circle, blocking the first one (Rule I), and treat it in the +same manner, then a third circle, which completes the rays of the star. + +_Note._--In the pattern tableau the third circle is omitted for want of +space. + +You should now examine the star, to see if there are any available +cards which it would be advantageous to marry, or to play (Rules I and +II), but you are not obliged to do either until a favorable opportunity +occurs. Marriages can only be made in descending line. + +_Note._--It is often better to wait until, in dealing, a card turns up +likely to be soon required, and then, by playing or marrying, you make +a vacant space in which to place it. + +When you have played or married all the cards you wish, the spaces so +made must be refilled from the talon or pack, beginning with the inner +circles, and proceeding from left to right as before. + +The remaining cards are dealt out in the usual way, those not required +for the foundations, or for marrying, or for refilling spaces forming +the talon. + +When a lane, _i.e._, one entire ray of the star, is opened out, the +place of the _inner_ card may be filled by _one card_ from the third +circle. This is sometimes of great use, and is a kind of "grace," as +this patience seldom succeeds. The other two spaces are refilled from +the talon, and this must be done at once, as each ray must always be +complete. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE BLOCKADE.] + + + + +THE BLOCKADE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. All cards in the first row are available, but as each row is placed +it blocks the preceding one. + +The removal of any card in the lower rows releases the one immediately +above it, the principle being that all cards are available that have +_no others below them_. + +II. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal out twelve cards in a horizontal line. Aces may be played as they +appear, but no other card can be played until the row is complete. The +eight aces are the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence to +kings. + +When the first line is placed, play any suitable cards, and then marry +in descending line, but be careful to place the cards exactly over each +other, to avoid confusion. The vacancies thus caused must be +immediately refilled from the pack, then again play and marry. When +neither can be done, deal out another row underneath the first, and, +when it is complete, play, marry, and refill spaces as before. + +You continue to deal out successive rows until the pack is exhausted, +always pausing between each row to play, marry, and refill spaces. + +In the course of the game vacancies will often be made in the higher +rows. These must always be refilled first. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE CLOCK.] + + + + +THE CLOCK + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. When the circle is formed, the uppermost cards of each packet are +available, and their removal releases as usual those beneath. + + II. Marriages can only be made with cards in the circle, and not with +those from the pack or talon. + +III. Vacancies in the circle must be refilled with cards from the pack, +but not from the talon; each packet must be refilled so as to contain +_not less_ than three cards. + + IV. The twelve foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack the twelve cards, as in Tableau No. 1, and place +them in their exact order against the hours of the clock represented. +These are the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence until +each packet attains the hour of the clock against which it is placed. + +Having placed these twelve foundations, proceed to deal out a circle +consisting of twelve packets of three cards dealt together--so spread +that each card is visible (see dotted line). From this circle you first +play all suitable cards (Rule I), and then marry in a descending line +(Rule II), and then refill spaces (Rule III). This last should be done +in order, from left to right, beginning at the numeral I, and all the +packets refilled before proceeding again to play or to marry. + +_Note._--Although each packet must never contain less than the original +number of three cards, they will often, by marriages, contain more. + +You are not obliged to play cards which would be more useful if left on +the circle. + +When all further progress is at an end, deal out the remaining cards; +play all suitable ones, then marry and refill spaces, but be careful +not to infringe Rule II. + +The cards that cannot be so employed are laid aside in one packet, +forming the talon, which can only be used to play on the foundations. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: FORTRESS.] + + + + +FORTRESS + +One Entire Pack of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Only the outside cards of each group are available, until by their +removal the next ones are released, the principle being that no card +can be used _that has another outside it_. + +_Note._--By "outside" is meant the cards on the right side of the +right-hand group, and those on the left side of the left-hand group. + +II. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal out the entire pack horizontally in two groups, as in tableau, +beginning at the left hand, and dealing straight across each group, +leaving space in the centre for four aces. These, when they can be +played, form the foundation cards, and are to descend in sequence to +kings. + +Should any aces appear on the _outside_ of either group, play them, as +also any other suitable cards for continuing the foundations (Rules I +and II). + +You next proceed to form marriages, both in ascending and in descending +lines, with cards on the outside of _both_ groups (Rule I). But this +must be done with extreme care, so as not only to release the greatest +number of suitable cards, but also, if possible, to open out one entire +horizontal row of cards to form a lane. The success of the game +entirely depends on these lanes. If, therefore, you succeed in opening +out one, it is more prudent not to refill it until, by some fresh +combination, others can be made. + +When a lane is to be refilled, select any available card (Rule I), and +place it at the inner end of the lane, and along it any others in +sequence of the same suit, the last card being, of course, the +available one. + +One great use of these lanes is to reverse any sequences that have been +made by marriages in the ascending line. + +_Note._--Supposing you have placed upon a deuce a sequence ending with +eight; place the eight at the inner end of the lane, the other cards +following in succession until the deuce becomes the outside card. When +there are more cards in the lane than the original number, they can be +placed partly over each other. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE FOURTEENTH.] + + + + +THE FOURTEENTH + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +PLAY + +Deal out twenty-five cards in five rows, each containing five cards. +The object is to compose the number fourteen with any two cards taken +either from a perpendicular or from a horizontal row. The knave counts +eleven, the queen twelve, and the king thirteen. + +The cards so paired are withdrawn, and their places filled by the cards +in your hand. + +If in the course of the game the number fourteen cannot be composed, +one chance remains--any two cards may be taken from their proper +position, and may change places with any other two cards; and it is +only in making this exchange, so as to produce one or more fourteens, +that the player has any control over the success of the game, the +success consisting of the entire pack being paired off. In the tableau +three fourteens could be at once composed: The ten of hearts with the +four of clubs, the knave of spades with the three of hearts, the eight +of diamonds with the six of spades. + + + + +[Illustration: THE SULTAN.] + + + + +THE SULTAN + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULE + +The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack and place the eight kings and one ace of hearts +as in tableau. + +The centre king of hearts is called the Sultan, and remains alone. The +other seven kings, with the ace of hearts, form the foundation cards. +Each of these seven kings begins with ace, and ascends in sequence to +queen. The ace of hearts ascends in the same manner, so that all the +eight packets surrounding the Sultan end with queens. + +You next deal out eight cards, four on either side (see tableau). These +constitute the Divan. From this Divan you can play any suitable cards +on the foundations, and, having done so, proceed to deal out the +remainder of the pack, turning the cards one by one, those that are not +suitable for the foundations being laid aside in one packet, forming +the talon. Vacancies in the Divan must be immediately refilled from the +talon, or, when there is no talon, from the pack. + +The talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt, if necessary, twice. + + + + +[Illustration: LA NIVERNAISE.] + + + + +LA NIVERNAISE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The Line is to consist of six packets, of which the uppermost card +of each is alone available, until by its removal the one beneath is +released--_the card which is uppermost at the time being always the +available one_. + + II. As many cards in each of the packets forming the Line may be +examined as there are vacancies in the Flanks. + +III. All foundations must follow suit. + + IV. In re-dealing, the Line packets must be taken up in succession, +beginning on the left; then the whole together turned and re-dealt as +before. + + +PLAY + +Place two perpendicular rows of four cards each, called Flanks, leaving +space in the centre for four aces and four kings of different suits. +These, when they can be played, form the foundation cards, the kings +descending in sequence to aces, the aces ascending in sequence to +kings. + +You next deal from left to right six packets, each composed of four +cards dealt together, and placed in a horizontal line underneath. These +packets are called the Line, and will receive successive additions. + +If any of the foundation cards appear on the surface of the Line, or on +the Flanks, play them in the spaces reserved; as also any other +suitable cards subject to Rule I, taking, however, in preference, cards +from the Flanks, as the vacancies so made are most important. + +_Note._--So necessary to success are these vacancies that if, after +dealing the first round of the Line, none have been made, it is +scarcely worth while to continue the game. + +They may be filled from the pack or from the Line, but it is never +prudent to fill up all vacancies; one at least should be left. + +Single cards are not to be replaced on the Line; but if an entire +packet has been played off, four more cards are to be immediately +placed in its stead, and this rule applies to each several round. + +When the resources thus far are exhausted, deal a second round of four +cards together, on each of the Line packets as before, and continue +thus to deal successive rounds until all the cards are dealt out, but +between each round pause and examine the Line (Rule II) and the Flanks, +and play all available cards. + +The whole of the pack having been dealt, and further progress at an +end, take up the line as prescribed in Rule IV, re-deal, and play +exactly as at first. + +There is only one re-deal. + +In forming the foundations, one card at a time may be exchanged from +the ascending to the descending sequences, and _vice versa_. + + + + +[Illustration: THE EMPRESS OF INDIA.] + + + + +THE EMPRESS OF INDIA + +Four Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. All cards in the Army and Navy are equally available if played in + pairs (_i.e._, one black and one red), but no card of either color + can be played on a foundation _unless a card of the other color is + played at the same time on another foundation_. + + II. Vacancies in the Army and Navy must be immediately refilled with +cards of their own color from the talon, or, when there is no talon, +from the pack. + +III. Cards from the pack or talon cannot be played at once, but must +first pass through the Army or Navy. + + IV. The talon consists of two packets, one of red, the other of black, +cards. + + V. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack the eight black aces and the eight black queens, +the eight red kings, and the eight red knaves. + +Place these cards as in the tableau, throwing aside the four queens of +spades and three queens of clubs. + +The remaining queen of clubs represents the Empress; the knaves, the +guard of British soldiers, and these nine cards remain alone. + +The eight black aces and the eight red kings are the foundation cards, +the aces ascending in sequence to kings, representing Admirals, the +kings descending in sequence to aces, representing Generals. + +_Note._--The red sequences must omit knaves, the black ones must omit +queens. + +Deal out four horizontal rows, each containing twelve cards, of which +the two upper rows are to be red (the Army), the two lower ones black +(the Navy). + +They are to be dealt at the same time, and if after the two rows of one +color, say red, are finished, more red cards turn up, they must be laid +aside as a talon (Rule IV). + +When the Army and Navy are complete, if any available pairs of cards +have been dealt (Rule I), play them (the first pair must, of course, be +a black two and a red queen), and refill the spaces; but if there +should be none, you may proceed to pair cards. Any card in the Army may +be placed on any card in the Navy, and _vice versa_, but the cards so +paired cannot afterwards be separated, but must be played _at the same +time_ on their respective foundations. The vacancies thus made must be +immediately refilled (Rule II). + +Each card can only be paired once. + +You may choose your own time for pairing cards. For instance, if you +require, say, a ten of clubs for one of the foundations, you may defer +making a vacancy in the Navy until the ten of clubs is at the top of +the talon. When you have played all available cards, deal out the +remainder of the pack, those not required to fill vacancies being +placed in two packets (Rule IV). + +There is no re-deal. + +_Note._--The Army and Navy could not be placed in the tableau from want +of space. + + + + +[Illustration: THE BESIEGED CITY.] + + + + +THE BESIEGED CITY + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations are formed with cards from the Ramparts and from the +pack. Cards from the talon must pass through the Reserve, and the +Reserve must pass into the Ramparts before they can be played. + + II. Cards in the Ramparts may be placed on each other either in the + usual ascending and descending sequences, or in the order in which + they will be played, viz., queen on two, knave on three, and so on, or + _vice versa_. They must be of the same suit; and sequences, both in + ascending and in descending lines, may be placed in the same packet. + +Cards in the Ramparts may be transferred from one packet to another at +discretion (the top card of each being alone available), and they must +follow suit. + +III. Cards in the Reserve may in the same way be placed on those in the +Ramparts, _but only on the cards at the ends or sides of the line_ from +which they are taken. + +_Note._--In the tableau the four of clubs could only be placed on cards +at A, B, C, or D, and in this case only on D. + + IV. Vacancies in the Ramparts are filled from the Reserve with any card +in the row at the end of which the vacancy occurs. + +_Note._--In the tableau a vacancy at B or D could only be filled by the +four or ace of clubs, or by the seven or six of spades; and a vacancy +at A or C, by the ace of diamonds or by the three or four of clubs. + + V. Vacancies in the Reserve are filled from the talon or, when there is +no talon, from the pack. + + VI. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal twelve cards in four rows of three cards each. Then deal an +_outside row_ of fourteen cards placed crossways. These are the +"Ramparts." The inside twelve cards are the "Reserve." + +The foundation cards are four aces of different suits. On these are +placed kings, then deuces, queens, threes, and so on, each foundation +consisting of alternate sequences, ascending and descending, and +finishing as well as beginning with aces (Rule VI). + +Having placed the tableau, take from the Ramparts aces or other suitable +cards (if any have been dealt), and play them in their allotted places, +_immediately filling each vacancy as it occurs_ (Rules IV and V); this +must be done throughout the game. Then transfer cards in the Ramparts, +and from the Reserve, as directed in Rules II and III. + +When you have done all that you wished (for it is optional), and again +played if you can, deal out the remainder of the pack, the cards not +suitable for the foundations being placed in a talon. + +At the end of the patience, when the talon is exhausted and all the +cards have been dealt, should there still be cards in the Reserve which +cannot be transferred to the Ramparts, you may transpose them to effect +this if you can. + +This patience is exceedingly difficult. + + + + +[Illustration: THE FLOWER-GARDEN.] + + + + +THE FLOWER-GARDEN + +One Entire Pack of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Any card in the Bouquet and the uppermost cards of the Garden are +available. The removal of the top cards releases those beneath. + + II. The foundations must follow suit. + +III. Cards placed in sequence on the Garden _need not_ follow +suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal six packets of six cards dealt together, and so spread that all +are visible. The four aces are the foundation cards, and are to ascend +in sequence to kings (Rule II). + +Sixteen cards will remain, which are called the Bouquet, and must be +kept in the hand. Take from the Bouquet and from the Garden any aces or +other suitable cards (Rule I) and play them. + +Next place cards in descending sequences in the Garden, transferring +them from one packet to another as often as you please (Rules I and +III), and you may place cards from the Bouquet in the same way. For +example, place the four of diamonds (see tableau) on the five of clubs, +then take the ten of hearts from the Bouquet and place it on the knave +of diamonds. The nine of clubs can now be transferred, and the ace and +deuce of diamonds are released. + +This patience is exceedingly difficult. Cards taken from the Bouquet +cannot be returned to it, and there is only one deal. The greatest care +must, therefore, be taken in placing cards in sequence and in playing +them. You are not obliged to do either, and it is often better to leave +a card than to play it, as it may be useful in releasing others. + +When an entire packet is cleared off, you may begin a new one with a +card from the Bouquet or from the Garden (Rule I), and this is often +the only means of removing a king, which, being the highest card, can +never be transferred. + + + + +[Illustration: THE HEMISPHERES.] + + + + +THE HEMISPHERES + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Only cards that belong to their proper hemisphere are available. + + II. Cards of the wrong colors may be _exchanged_ into their proper + hemispheres whenever the opportunity occurs, and at the end of the + game, when all the cards are dealt and the talon is exhausted, they + may be _transferred without an exchange_. + +III. Cards may only marry those belonging to their own Race, but cards +from the talon may marry those of any Race. + + IV. The barriers cannot be moved till the end of the game, when they +are played to complete the foundations. + + V. All the foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Take from the pack and place as in tableau the four red aces and the +four black kings. + +Then place _crossways_ a king of hearts and a king of diamonds, an ace +of clubs and an ace of spades. The four latter cards are called +barriers, and divide each Race. + +The four black kings and the four red aces form the foundation cards, +the aces ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending in +sequence to aces. + +The red cards, representing Europeans and Asiatics, should inhabit the +northern hemisphere; the black cards, representing Australians and +Africans, the southern; but it is obvious that, in dealing and +refilling vacancies, cards will often be found in the wrong +hemispheres, _and while there they cannot be used in any way_. + +Having placed the foundations and the barriers, deal out (from left to +right, beginning from the king of hearts) a circle consisting of three +cards between each barrier. These represent the four Races. From these +Races you play, marry, and exchange all available cards subject to +Rules I, II, III, and V. + +_Note._--The red suits marry in descending line; the black, in +ascending line. + +This done, you deal out the remainder of the pack, first refilling +vacancies in the Races (proceeding from left to right, as in the +original deal) and then playing all suitable cards. The rest form the +talon, from which cards may marry those in the circle, subject to Rules +I and III. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: NAPOLEON'S SQUARE.] + + + + +NAPOLEON'S SQUARE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Only the uppermost cards of the packets in the square are available +until, by their removal, the cards underneath are released, but the +whole of the square may be examined. + + II. When a vacancy in the square is caused by the removal of an entire +packet, the space may be filled by one card from the talon or pack, but +this need not be done until a favorable opportunity occurs. + +III. All the foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal out twelve packets, each consisting of four cards dealt together, +so as to form three sides of a square, leaving space in the centre for +the eight aces. These are the foundation cards, and are to ascend in +sequence to kings. + +If any aces appear on the surface of the square, play them in their +allotted places, as also any other suitable cards. + +You next proceed to form marriages in a descending line with the cards +of the square, subject to Rule I. As usual, great judgment must be +exercised in making these changes, lest cards underneath should be +blocked by a sequence of higher cards of the same suit. If this were to +occur in two packets, _i.e._, if in both cases sequences, say, of +diamonds blocked lower cards of the same suit, success would be +impossible. + +_Note._--If after dealing the square two kings of one suit were found +to be blocking two smaller cards of that suit, either the whole must be +taken up and re-dealt, or one king must be slipped underneath. + +You now proceed to play out the rest of the cards, those that are not +suitable for the foundations or for the sequences of the square being +placed in a talon. + +There is no re-deal. + +This game may be also played as follows: + +Deal out a square of twelve _single_ cards, then deal the rest of the +pack as usual, the cards that are suitable being played on the +foundations or married (in descending line) to those on the square, +ready to be transferred to the foundations, the rest placed in a talon, +and vacancies filled in the usual manner. + + + + +[Illustration: THE CONSTITUTION.] + + + + +THE CONSTITUTION + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations are formed exclusively from the "Privy Council." All +cards in the other divisions, pack, or talon must ascend through each +division till they reach the top before they can be played. + + II. Cards in the three lower divisions may be placed in sequence on +cards in the next division above them, and in this manner they may be +transferred from one division to another till they reach the top. + +III. When cards are placed in sequence in the "Constitution," the top +card only of each sequence is available until its removal releases the +one beneath. + + IV. All sequences must be of alternate colors and in descending + line--_i.e._, a red nine on a black ten, then a black eight, a red + seven, and so on. Any number of cards may be so placed. + + V. Each vacancy must be _at once_ filled by a card from the division + immediately below it; and as this rule applies equally to all the + rows, a vacancy will thus be caused in the lowest row or "People," + which must be filled from the talon, or, when there is no talon, from + the pack. + + VI. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Take from the pack the kings, queens, and aces--seven of the queens are +to be thrown aside and the other cards placed as in tableau. + +The queen of diamonds represents THE SOVEREIGN; the black kings, the +Bishops; the red kings, the Judges. + +The eight aces form the foundation cards or "Government," and ascend in +sequence to knaves. + +Deal out four horizontal rows (beginning with the lowest), each +containing eight cards. + +This forms the "Constitution." Each row represents a separate division. + +The first (or lowest row) is the "People"; the second, the "House of +Commons"; the third, the "House of Lords"; the last the "Privy +Council." + +When the tableau is complete, if any suitable cards are to be found in +the "Privy Council" row, play them (Rule I), immediately refilling each +vacancy as it is made (Rule V). + +You must then examine the Constitution to see which cards may be most +advantageously placed in sequence (Rules II and IV). + +_Note._--The success of this game depends chiefly on the play. In +filling a vacancy choose the card (Rule V) which has the most chance of +reaching the top, or of being useful to cards in the row below it. It +is often better to defer making a vacancy till a card turns up in +dealing that is required. + +When you have played all available cards and placed in sequence all +that you wish, deal out the remainder of the pack, the cards not +required to fill vacancies in the "People" forming the talon. + + + + +[Illustration: THE ZODIAC.] + + + + +THE ZODIAC + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Marriages may be made in the Zodiac with cards from the Equator + (but not _vice versa_) and from the talon or pack, but cards in the + Zodiac cannot marry each other, neither can those in the Equator do + so. Marriages may be made in ascending and descending lines, and the + same packet may contain both. + +II. The foundations must follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal eight cards in a horizontal row called the "Equator." Then deal a +surrounding circle of twenty-four cards called the "Zodiac." + +The foundations are not formed _till the end of the game_. They are to +consist of the four aces and four kings of different suits, the aces +ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending in sequence to +aces. + +Having placed the tableau, you proceed to marry (Rule I) and to refill +the spaces from the talon, or, where there is no talon, from the pack, +but you are not obliged to do either until a favorable opportunity +occurs. You continue to deal out the cards in the usual way, those not +required for marrying or for refilling spaces forming the talon. This +is to be re-dealt as often as required--that is, until all the cards +are placed either in the Zodiac or in the Equator. If this cannot be +done, the patience has already failed. If you succeed in placing all +the cards, you then begin to form the eight foundations from the Zodiac +and Equator (Rule II). + +It is obvious that the greatest care is required in marrying the cards, +or you will so block them as to be unable to form the foundations. + + + + +[Illustration: THE KINGS.] + + + + +THE KINGS + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations do not follow suit, neither do the cards placed in +sequence on the columns. + + II. Only the _outside cards of each group of columns_ are available +until, by their removal, the next ones are released, the principle +being that no card is available _that has another outside it_. + +_Note._--By "outside" is meant the cards on the right side of the +right-hand group, and those on the left side of the left-hand group. + +III. _During the deal_ no card is available for playing on the +foundations unless it is on the _same horizontal line as the +foundation_ (of either group) _for which it is suitable_. When the +entire deal is complete, this restriction ceases. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the packs the eight aces, and place them in two columns, +taking care that each suit is in juxtaposition as in tableau. + +The eight aces form the foundations, which ascend in sequence (Rule I) +to kings. On either side of the foundations, deal out a column of four +cards, and if in dealing these a suitable card turns up, available for +a foundation, _in accordance with Rule III_, play it at once; replacing +it with the next card from the pack. You continue to deal out successive +columns of four cards, alternately on the right and left of the first +ones, until the pack is exhausted, thus forming two groups of columns, +with the eight aces in the centre. To avoid confusion, it is best to +deal the columns regularly, first on the left, and then on the right, +side. + +In dealing, never omit to play suitable cards as they turn up, subject +to Rule III, for as each column is placed it blocks the preceding one +(Rule II), and _during the deal_ you may not play cards from the inner +columns, even if released. + +When the pack is exhausted, you examine the tableau, and may now play +any available cards (Rule II), the restriction as to their being on the +same horizontal line having ceased. Sequences (Rule I), both ascending +and descending, may now be formed with cards on the outside of both +groups (Rule II), and these sequences may be reversed, as they are +required to play on the foundations, by transferring them from one +packet to another. If an entire horizontal row of cards has been +removed, you may place any available card at the inner end of the lane +so formed, and sequences may be placed upon it, as on the others. + +There is no re-deal. + +_Note._--It is not perfectly clear from the original whether the +restriction mentioned in Rule III ceases when the deal is complete, +but, the game being a very difficult one, it is advisable to interpret +it in the affirmative. + + + + +[Illustration: BABETTE.] + + + + +BABETTE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. Vacancies in the garden _are not to be refilled_. + +III. Each row of cards in the garden blocks the preceding one, but on +the removal of cards in the lower rows those above them are released. + + +PLAY + +Deal out eight cards in a horizontal line. This commences what is +called the "garden." When the first row is complete, take from it any +foundations and place them in the allotted spaces above, and also other +suitable cards, but do not refill vacancies (Rule II). + +The foundations consist of four aces and four kings of different suits, +ascending and descending in the usual sequences (Rule I). + +_Note._--The tableau is so arranged that one of the king foundations +has already descended to queen, and one of the ace foundations has +ascended to three. The vacant spaces in the garden show from whence +cards have been removed, and not replaced; but there would probably be +many more rows in the garden than are shown on the tableau. + +You next proceed to deal out successive rows in the garden underneath +the first one till the pack is exhausted, strictly observing Rule II. + +If there is not room to place each row of the garden below the preceding +one, it must be placed so as to half cover it, but in that case, +especially if there are many vacancies, the rows of cards are apt to +get mixed, so it is best to count from the top, to make sure that you +are placing the row you are working on in its proper detached line, and +are not partly refilling other rows. _You must finish each row before +playing from it._ + +When the garden is laid out, and all available cards have been played +(Rule III), take up by itself each perpendicular column, beginning on +the left, placing the next column underneath the first, and so on with +each column in succession, so that, in turning the pack to re-deal, the +last column on the right may be uppermost, thus reversing the order of +each row of cards in the next deal. + +The garden may be taken up twice and re-dealt exactly in the same +manner and observing the same rules. + + + + +[Illustration: NESTOR.] + + + + +NESTOR + +One Entire Pack of Cards + + +PLAY + +Deal out in horizontal lines six rows each containing eight cards. In +dealing these, you must be careful that there should never be two cards +of equal value in the same _perpendicular_ line. If, for example, two +kings or two fives (the same, of course, applies to all the cards) were +to be underneath each other, even though several other cards intervened +between them, it would be useless to proceed. You must, therefore, +consider the duplicate card as unavailable for the moment and place it +at the bottom of the pack in hand, and proceed to deal the next card. + +When the tableau is complete, four cards will remain, which are to be +placed aside, as a reserve. You then examine the tableau and endeavor +to pair the cards, taking only those of the lowest row, until their +removal releases those above. When no more can be paired, you have +recourse to those of the reserve, taking them up one by one. If the +first cannot be paired, put it aside, taking the next, but the card or +cards so put aside can be paired afterwards if the opportunity of doing +so arises. If all the cards cannot be paired, the game has failed. + + + + +[Illustration: LIGHT AND SHADE.] + + + + +LIGHT AND SHADE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations ascend in sequence, but are formed in alternate +colors: red ace, black deuce, red three, and so on. + + II. Cards placed on the Auxiliaries descend in sequence, but must also +alternate in color. + +III. Vacancies in the Auxiliaries are filled by cards from the Rivals; +vacancies in the Rivals, by cards from the pack or talon. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack the eight aces, and place them in a horizontal +line (the suits as in tableau). These are the foundation cards, which +ascend in sequence to kings (Rule I). + +Next deal out eight cards and place them above the foundations in two +rows, four cards in each (see tableau). The upper row is called the +Auxiliaries; the lower one, the Rivals. If any suitable cards are found +in the Auxiliaries, play them, filling the spaces so made from the +Rivals (Rule III). Cards from the Rivals may be placed in descending +sequence on those of the Auxiliaries (Rule II), and the sequences so +formed will be played as opportunity arises on to the foundations. +Continue to deal out the pack, playing, placing on the Auxiliaries, and +refilling spaces according to rules--the non-suitable cards forming a +talon. + +It must be remembered that cards can only be played on the foundations +_from the Auxiliaries_, and not straight from the Rivals or from the +talon; cards from these must first pass into the Auxiliaries. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE LABYRINTH.] + + + + +THE LABYRINTH + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. Only cards in the highest or lowest rows are available, until a +card from any other row is released, by the removal of cards either +above or below it, the principle being that no card can be used that is +not free _either_ from the top or the bottom. Small crosses are placed +on the tableau to mark the cards that are available. + +III. You can only refill vacancies in the lowest row as the deal goes +on (_i.e._, in the row which you are actually dealing). + + IV. Each row must be completed before you can play from it. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack and place in horizontal line above, four kings +and four aces of different suits. These are the foundations, the aces +ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending to aces (Rule I). + +You next deal out ten cards in a horizontal row, and when the row is +complete, play any suitable cards on the foundations, refilling the +vacancies from the pack or talon. + +Proceed to deal out a second row of ten cards underneath the first, +playing suitable ones as before, playing _also from the upper row_, and +refilling spaces subject to Rule III. As you may only refill vacancies +on the last row which is being dealt, there will be many gaps in the +tableau as you proceed. + +You continue thus to deal out the entire pack in successive rows, each +row completely blocking the preceding one unless the removal of a card +releases the one above it, or _unless the removal of cards in the upper +rows_ (Rule II) releases that card from above. + +When the pack is exhausted and you have played all available cards, if +the game has not succeeded, you have one more chance, _i.e._, the +privilege of removing any one card from the tableau, taking care, of +course, to remove the card which blocks those most needed. The choice +of this "grace" is the only point left to the skill of the player. + +There is no re-deal. + +_Note 1._--Some players instead of taking the foundations from the +pack, wait till they appear in the deal. + +_Note 2._--The dimensions of the tableau preclude the insertion of the +spaces for the foundation cards. + + + + +[Illustration: SPENSER'S FAIRIE QUEEN.] + + + + +SPENSER'S FAIRIE QUEEN + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. If during the deal two or more kings turn up in succession, cards +can only be placed on the last one. + +III. Available cards may be transferred from one column to another in +descending sequence and need not follow suit. + + IV. Only the lowest card of each column is available, until its removal +releases the one above it. + + V. Any available card may be transferred to a single king, and +sequences may be placed upon that card as upon those of the other +columns. + + +PLAY + +Take one king from the pack, and place it at the left-hand upper +corner. Upon this king you place the cards as they are dealt, in +perpendicular column, each card half covering the preceding one, until +a second king appears, which must be placed next to the first one, and +becomes in its turn the head of a second column (Rule II). When a third +king appears, it is placed next to the second one, and is treated in +like manner, and so on until the pack is exhausted, cards being always +placed on the last king turned up. Thus some kings will head lines of +different lengths (see Note 3, on next page), and some will probably +remain alone, and this, as will be seen, is very advantageous. + +During the deal, aces as they turn up are placed in the spaces +reserved. + +The eight aces form the foundation cards and ascend in sequence to +queens (Rule I). (See Note 2.) + +Suitable cards may be played as they turn up in the deal, and after +playing each, the columns should be examined, as the playing of a card +may bring other available ones (Rule IV) into use. + +When the deal is complete, the tableau must be carefully examined. + +Available cards may now be transferred from one column to another (Rule +III) or placed on the single kings (Rule V) or played on the +foundations. And it is sometimes better not to play cards, but to leave +them to receive sequences. + +It is not advisable to transfer queens, as they cannot be moved again +until required to complete the foundations, but it is often necessary +to do so, when their removal would release cards urgently needed. The +success of the game greatly depends on the skill of the player in +transferring the sequences backward and forward so as to release as +many cards as possible. There is no re-deal. (See Note 1.) + +_Note 1._--Supposing that you have two single kings and wish to release +a knave of hearts which is blocked with a descending sequence, the last +card of that sequence being a four, place the four and then the five on +the two spare kings. The six is thus released, and if a seven should be +at the bottom of any other column, you transfer the six on to it, and +also the five and the four, thus again freeing the two kings. Now put +up the seven and the eight (of the column you are trying to work off) +on to those kings. Then transfer the seven to the eight, and place the +nine on the remaining king. You have now only the ten left to block +your knave of hearts; you will probably find, or be able to release, +some other available knave, on which you will place the ten. In this +somewhat complicated manner you arrive at the desired knave of hearts. +The combinations are endless. + +_Note 2._--The spaces for the foundations are not marked for want of +room. + +_Note 3._--It often happens that so many cards have to be dealt on to +one king before the next one appears that the column can no longer be +continued in a straight line. The player must, therefore, twist the +cards to gain room (see tableau), the small crosses show the available +cards. + + + + +[Illustration: THE TERRACE.] + + + + +THE TERRACE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Only the last card (_i.e._, the right-hand one) of the Terrace is + available till its removal releases the card next to it. + + II. The foundations ascend in sequence and must be formed with +alternate red and black cards. + +III. Cards in the valley may be transferred in alternate _descending_ +sequence from one packet to another, and the uppermost card of the +talon may also be placed in sequence on the valley, but, like those of +the foundations, the sequences in the valley must be formed of +alternate colors. + + IV. Only the uppermost cards of the valley packets are available until +their removal releases those beneath. + + +PLAY + +Deal out from left to right a row of thirteen cards. This is called the +Terrace. You next turn up from the pack in hand three cards, and choose +one of the three as a foundation. Place the foundation card underneath +the Terrace on the left side, and the seven other cards of similar +value will take their places, as they turn up in the deal, in a line +with the first foundation (see tableau). + +You next place your two rejected cards underneath the foundation, and +deal out seven other cards alongside, forming a third horizontal row of +nine cards. This is called the valley. From the valley you take any +foundations, and having placed them, you play also any other suitable +cards (Rule II); but you must first examine the Terrace, as cards must +always in preference be played from the Terrace (Rule I). Having played +all suitable cards, and refilled the vacancies in the valley from the +pack in hand, proceed to place cards in sequence in the valley (Rules +III and IV), of course playing them in preference on the foundations +when possible, but remember always to examine the Terrace, as the +success of the game depends entirely on detaching cards from the +Terrace. If even a suitable card could be played from the valley, and +none were at the moment available on the Terrace, it would still be +better to refrain from playing it, if an equally suitable card from the +Terrace were likely shortly to be released. In reference to your choice +of the foundation cards, you should always examine the available card +of the Terrace and choose, if possible, one below it in value. + +You next proceed to deal out the entire pack, playing on foundations +(Rule II), placing and transferring cards in the valley (Rules III and +IV), and refilling vacancies. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: GENERAL SEDGEWICK.] + + + + +GENERAL SEDGEWICK + +One Entire Pack of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The original five cards forming the cross are available, but when +they are covered by the addition of others, only the uppermost card of +each packet is available until its removal releases the card beneath. + + II. The foundations follow suit. + +III. Cards on the cross may be transferred in descending sequence from +one packet to another, and cards from the pack or talon may also be +placed in descending sequence on those of the cross. + + IV. Cards on the cross need not follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Deal five cards and place them in the form of a cross. + +The next card turned is to be placed in the left-hand upper corner, and +this constitutes the foundation card, the three others of similar +value, as they appear, being placed in the three other corners (see +tableau). + +The foundation cards ascend in sequence (Rule II). + +Having placed the cross and the first foundation, play any foundation +or other suitable cards from the cross, filling the vacancies from pack +or talon. You then proceed to transfer cards on the cross (Rules I, +III, and IV); and although not necessary, it is very advantageous that +these packets should be of the same suit, as they are then ready to be +played on to the foundations, and to effect this by transferring the +cards backward and forward as much as possible should be the great +object of the player. + +Continue to deal out the cards till the pack is exhausted--playing, +transferring, and refilling vacancies. The non-suitable cards form the +talon. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE QUEENS.] + + + + +THE QUEENS + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. The uppermost card of the key is alone available until its removal +releases the card beneath; each card that is played releasing the one +that it covered. + +III. Cards from the key can only be played on the foundations and may +not be placed on the shutter. + + IV. The cards in payment of the queens are taken from the _top_ of the +key (fourteen for each queen _including_ herself). + + V. Cards in payment of the queens are taken from the _bottom_ of the +talon (three for each queen _exclusive_ of herself). + + +PLAY + +Take from the pack thirty-two cards; place them in a packet on the left +side, face upward. This packet is called the key. If the uppermost card +should be a queen, take fourteen cards from the top of the key +(including the queen) and place them at the bottom of the pack (Rule +IV). After removing the fourteen cards, should the next card on the key +chance also to be a queen, you repeat the process, thus adding +twenty-eight cards to the pack, and diminishing those on the key. Even +if the next card in like manner chanced to be a queen, you would take +all the remaining cards of the key (which could, however, only be four) +and add them to the pack,--thus getting rid of the key, which would +greatly facilitate the success of the game. + +After dealing out the key (and if you have good luck, diminishing it) +you next proceed to deal seven cards, placing them in two rows of four +and three cards respectively. (See tableau.) These are called the +shutter. If during the dealing of these any kings appear, place them in +a row above. The eight kings are the foundations, which ascend through +aces to queens (Rule I). + +When the shutter is dealt, play from it any suitable cards, refilling +the spaces at once, but always first look to see if a card from the key +is available (Rules II and III), and play that in preference, as it is +all important to get rid of the key. Cards on the shutter can marry in +descending line with each other, or with cards from the pack or talon. +When you have married or played all available cards, deal out the +remainder of the pack, playing, marrying, and refilling spaces; the +unsuitable cards forming a talon. + +You must carefully count the number of queens that you place in the +talon (it is best to have some counters at hand for this purpose), as +when the pack is exhausted each of these queens counts for three +cards--_i.e._, for each queen you take from the bottom of the talon +three cards besides herself (Rule V)--and these cards constitute a +fresh pack to deal from. + +Thus, if the talon contains six queens, you take from it eighteen cards +exclusive of the six queens (Rule V) and deal them out again, and again +count the queens to repay yourself as before. This is done to give a +fresh chance of winning the game, as the talon is not re-dealt in its +entirety. If the talon has not sufficient cards left to pay three for +each queen, you simply take all that remain, and then there is good +hope of success, if the key has also been played out. + + + + +[Illustration: THE HERRING-BONE.] + + + + +THE HERRING-BONE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. The lowest (or twenty-eighth) card of the herring-bone is alone +available until its removal releases the next one (_i.e._, the uppermost +card of the fan above it), then the second card of the fan becomes the +available one, then the third, then the single card above the fan just +played, and so on, the removal of each card rendering the next one +available. + +III. All the cards in the side scenes and the four bars are available. + + IV. Vacancies on the bars are refilled from cards of the herring-bone +(Rule II), but vacancies on the side scenes may only be refilled from +the pack or talon. + + +PLAY + +Deal out twenty-eight cards, beginning from the top (see tableau), +thus: Three at the top, placed fan shape, then a single card half +covering the fan, then another fan half covering the single card, then +another single card, and so on till you have seven fans and seven +single cards: this is called the herring-bone, the last card being a +single one and available. (Rule II.) + +You next deal out eight cards, four on each side the herring-bone: +these are called side scenes. Then place one card horizontally above +and below each side scene: these are called bars. When these forty +cards are placed, the next card dealt becomes the foundation, and is +placed in one of the allotted spaces, the other seven cards of similar +value being placed as they appear on the tableau, or during the deal. + +Four of the foundations ascend in sequence and four descend (Rule I), +and it is best to place the ascending on the right side, the descending +on the left. + +When the tableau is complete, and the first foundation has been played, +examine the whole and play from the herring-bone, bars, or side scenes +any foundations or other suitable cards. Always choose, in preference, +cards from the herring-bone or bars, as on the removal of the +herring-bone the success of the game mainly depends, and if a bar is +removed, the available card on the herring-bone replaces it, thus +releasing the next. (Rules II and III.) + +Having played and refilled all spaces, proceed to deal out the entire +pack, playing all suitable cards, and refilling spaces; the unsuitable +cards forming the talon. In forming the foundations, one card at a time +may be exchanged from the ascending to the descending sequence, and +_vice versa_. + +The talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt twice. + +_Note._--It is so exceedingly disadvantageous that there should be +duplicate cards in the herring-bone, that in the German variety of this +game the herring-bone is set out from a single pack before the two +packs are shuffled. + + + + +[Illustration: THE OLGA.] + + + + +THE OLGA + +Four Piquet Packs + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. Each card in the flower-bed must be turned face upward as soon as +the card immediately below it is removed. The card so turned is then +available. + +III. Cards on the flower-bed may be placed in descending sequence upon +each other (and cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in +sequence on the flower-bed), but must be so placed in alternate colors, +_i.e._, a black eight upon a red nine, and so on. + + +PLAY + +Deal out forty-nine cards in seven horizontal rows, each containing +seven cards. This is called the flower-bed. In the first row the cards +are placed face upward, in the second row face downward, and so on +alternately, the seventh or last row being face upward. Should there +not be space, each row may half cover the preceding one. The +foundations consist of sixteen aces, ascending in sequence through +sevens to kings (Rule I). When the flower-bed has been dealt, if any +aces appear in the lowest row, play them in their allotted spaces, as +also any deuces or other suitable cards, always turning the card above +the one played, face upward. Available cards on the flower-bed (Rule +II) may be placed in descending sequence on each other, but in +alternate colors (Rule III). They may be transferred from one packet to +another, and on doing this judiciously the success of the game depends. +Cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in sequence (Rule III) +on those of the flower-bed. [You are not obliged to play cards on the +foundations, if to place them on the flower-bed seems more +advantageous.] Continue to deal out the entire pack, playing on +foundations, placing and transferring on the flower-bed, the unsuitable +cards forming the talon. If you succeed in removing an entire +perpendicular row of cards, the space at the top may be filled by any +available card of the flower-bed (Rule II), and upon that card may be +placed sequences (Rule III) as on the other rows. + + + + +[Illustration: CAESAR.] + + + + +CAESAR + +Nine Cards from One Entire Pack + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from one entire pack nine cards, composed of any suits, from +ace to nine inclusive. Place these nine cards in three rows, each +containing three cards. Endeavor, by changing their position, so to +dispose them, that the number of pips in each row, counting the cards +horizontally, perpendicularly, and diagonally, may make the sum of +fifteen. The tableau shows only three fifteens, but if the cards are +properly placed eight fifteens can be made. + + + + +[Illustration: RED AND BLACK.] + + + + +RED AND BLACK + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + +II. Cards may be placed on the Volunteers in descending sequence, but +they must be of alternate colors. On the black four (see tableau) would +be placed a red three, then a black deuce, and so on. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack the eight aces, placing them in pairs of +alternate colors in a horizontal line (see tableau). These are the +foundations and ascend in sequence to kings (Rule I). Next deal out +eight cards, placing them underneath the foundations. This row of cards +is called the Volunteers. Examine the Volunteers and play any suitable +cards on to the foundations, immediately filling each vacancy from the +cards in hand. When no more can be played, proceed to form sequences in +descending line with cards of the Volunteers, subject strictly to Rule +II; then again play all that are suitable and proceed to deal out the +cards till the pack is exhausted, playing cards on the foundations or +placing them in sequence on the Volunteers, and always refilling +vacancies. The unsuitable cards form the talon. + +When the pack is exhausted, the talon may be taken up, shuffled, and +re-dealt once. + + + + +[Illustration: THE SQUARE.] + + + + +THE SQUARE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + +II. The four aces (foundation cards) ascend in sequence to kings. When +each packet has ascended to king, a second king (same suit) is placed +on the top, and another sequence on the same packet descends to ace, +with which the four foundations terminate. + + +PLAY + +Deal out sixteen cards, as in tableau. This is the "Square" (Quadrat). + +During the deal, the four aces of different suits must be placed in +their allotted spaces as they appear. These are the foundations, which +ascend in sequence to kings and descend again to aces (Rule II). + +When the Square is complete, play from it any suitable cards, and marry +both in ascending and descending line with cards on the Square, +immediately refilling spaces from the pack or talon. Continue to deal +out the whole pack, playing first in ascending, then in descending +sequence (Rule II), marrying, and refilling spaces; the unsuitable +cards forming the talon. The sequences on the Square can be reversed +from one packet to another, thus if on one packet there were a sequence +of which the top card was a nine, and on another a sequence of which +the top card was either an eight or a ten (of course of the same suit), +either of these could be placed on the nine and the whole sequence +reversed, but great care must be taken in reversing sequences, lest +cards should hopelessly block each other. Much practice is required in +order to avoid this danger. + +If the game succeeds, the double series of sequences which began with +four aces, will likewise finish with four aces. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: MARGARETHE.] + + + + +MARGARETHE + +One Entire Pack of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + +II. The king foundations descend from ten to eight; the knaves, from +seven to five; the queens, from four to two. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack all the court cards and place them in the form +of an M, as in tableau. These twelve cards are the foundations. All the +aces as they appear are to be placed in one packet in the M underneath +the knaves. You next deal nine cards and place them in the form of an A +(see tableau). + +These are the help cards, and from them you play any that are suitable +on to the foundations, the first played on a king being a ten, on a +knave a seven, and on a queen a four (Rules I and II), filling the +spaces from the pack in hand. You next proceed to deal out the whole +pack, playing on the foundations, placing aces in the reserved space in +the M, refilling vacancies in the A, and placing unsuitable cards in +the talon. + +If the game succeeds, the final tableau will form an M composed of the +eights, the fives and the twos, the four aces being placed crossways in +the centre. + +The talon may be re-dealt once. + + + + +[Illustration: MOUNT OLYMPUS.] + + + + +MOUNT OLYMPUS + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations and the battery follow suit. + + II. The foundations ascend in alternate sequences; the aces, in odd +numbers, 3, 5, 7, etc., till they finish with kings; the twos, in even +numbers, 4, 6, 8, etc., till they finish with queens. (Knaves count +eleven; queens, twelve.) + +III. Cards may be placed on the battery in alternate descending +sequence; thus, on a nine place a seven, on the seven, a five, on a +queen place a ten, then an eight, and so on. + + IV. The uppermost cards of the battery are alone available, until their +removal releases those beneath. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack the eight aces and the eight twos, and place +them in the form of a pyramid, as in tableau; these are the foundations +which ascend in alternate sequence, till they end respectively with +kings and queens. (Rules I and II.) + +Next deal out nine cards as in tableau, this is called the battery. +Suitable cards of the battery may be played on the foundations, and may +also be placed on each other in alternate descending sequence. (Rules +I, III, and IV.) The unsuitable cards form the talon. Continue to deal +out the entire pack, playing on the pyramid, placing cards on the +battery, and refilling spaces from pack or talon. + +If the game succeeds, the pyramid will be formed of alternate kings and +queens. + +The talon may be taken up and re-dealt once. + + + + +[Illustration: THE WHEEL.] + + + + +THE WHEEL + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. Vacancies in the cushion are only refilled after the first deal, but +not after any subsequent deal. + + II. _No two cards of the same value_ may be used in making each +combination of eighteen. + +III. Even when there are three cards on the cushion which make the +required sum, these cards cannot be removed unless the cushion contains +a court card to crown them. They must in that case remain in their +places until a court card appears on the cushion. + + IV. Court cards are excluded from the combinations, which must be made +with the pips of minor cards, the court cards crowning each packet. + + V. Only the uppermost cards of the cushion are available, but their +removal releases those underneath. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw the eight aces and place them in the form of a cross (see +tableau). Next, deal out twelve cards in two horizontal rows beneath, +but leaving room for the circle to be placed as in tableau. These +twelve cards are called the cushion. The object is to make as many +combinations of the sum of eighteen as possible with cards in the +cushion. Each combination must be composed of three cards (Rule IV) and +no two cards must be of similar value (Rule II). Some of the +combinations, for example, might be 2, 7, 9, or 3, 5, 10, or 2, 6, 10, +and so on. + +When any three cards make the required sum, take them up together, and +put any court card that may be in the cushion at the top, and place the +packet thus crowned, face upward, on one of the spaces reserved in the +circle. Should there be no court card, the combination cannot be made +(Rule III). As you withdraw cards to place on the circle, refill the +spaces from the pack in hand. + +When no more combinations can be made, you proceed to deal out twelve +more cards, covering those already forming the cushion, and to make +fresh combinations with all available cards (Rule V); but when +vacancies are now made they cannot be refilled. (Rule I.) Cards, +therefore, in this and the subsequent deals may have to be dealt on to +empty spaces from which other cards have been withdrawn. + +You continue to deal out fresh rows following the same rules, and must +never make combinations until each deal is complete. + +If the game succeeds, the final tableau will show the cross of aces in +the centre, surrounded by a circle of twenty-four court cards. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: TWO RINGS.] + + + + +TWO RINGS + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULE + +The foundations follow suit. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack all the sevens and all the sixes, and arrange +them as in tableau. These are the foundations. The sevens ascend to +kings, the sixes descend to aces (Rule). + +You next deal out eight cards in a horizontal line. This is called the +bracelet. Take from the bracelet all suitable cards and play them on +the foundations, refilling vacancies in the bracelet, and placing +unsuitable cards on the talon. + +If the game succeeds, the "Zwei Ringe" (two rings) will be formed +respectively of kings and aces. + +The talon may be taken up and re-dealt once. + + + + +[Illustration: THE NATION.] + + + + +THE NATION + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. In dealing the cards of each column and counting them from one to +eight, a card played on the foundation does not have its _number_ +repeated, the next card dealt counting as the _following_ number. + +III. Only the lowest card of each column is available until its removal +releases the one above it; no card being available that has another +below it. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits, +placing them above in two horizontal lines. These are the foundations, +the aces ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending to aces +(Rule I). Underneath the foundations deal out eight cards in a +_perpendicular_ line, beginning on the left-hand side; and on the +right of this column deal eleven other columns, each consisting of +eight cards. + +This would result in twelve columns of equal number of cards, as seen +in tableau, _but for the following conditions_: In dealing the first +eight cards, count them as you deal, from one to eight, and when any +card is suitable for a foundation, or to continue a foundation, play +it, counting the next card as the _following number_. For example, if +the card counted as No. 4 were suitable, you play it and count the next +card No. 5; and if No. 7 were likewise suitable, you would play it and +count the next (and last) card as No. 8, although, in fact, the column +would only contain six cards (Rule II). But although suitable cards are +thus played _as they turn up in the deal_, a card once placed in a +column cannot be removed. You should observe the same method in dealing +out all the twelve columns. When the tableau is complete, the lower +card of each column is available (Rule III), and may be played if +suitable; and marriages also may be made, both in ascending and +descending sequences, with available cards from each column. + +When an entire column has been removed, the vacant space may be filled +by any one available card (Rule III), and cards can be placed in +sequence upon it, as on those of the other columns. + +When all available cards have been played or married, the tableau is to +be taken up, beginning with the left-hand column, the cards of each +column being carefully kept in their proper order, the second column +being placed underneath the first, the third underneath the second, and +so on. Thus, when the pack is turned to re-deal, the last column will +be the uppermost, and will be the first of the new columns. + +The tableau may be taken up and re-dealt twice. + + + + +[Illustration: THE CARPET.] + + + + +THE CARPET + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. Cards on the carpet (_teppich_) are only available when _one of +the narrow ends is free_ (_i.e._, the top or bottom of the card). No +card is available when _both_ the narrow ends are blocked by other +cards. On the tableau crosses are placed to show the available cards +after the carpet has been dealt. + +III. When a card from the carpet is played, it does not free the next +one, because its removal cannot free either of the narrow ends of that +card, yet it helps the game indirectly, and the inner cards become by +degrees available. + + IV. When the talon is formed, any available cards from the carpet can +be placed in ascending or descending sequences upon the uppermost card +of the talon, following suit. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits. +These are the foundations, and ascend and descend in the usual +sequences. + +Next deal out sixty-four cards exactly in the order and pattern of +those in the tableau. This is called the carpet (_teppich_). Play from +the carpet all available cards (Rules I and II), and then deal out the +remainder, playing suitable ones or placing the unsuitable cards as a +talon. When the talon is formed, examine the carpet before you place +each card of the talon, as you have the privilege of placing cards from +the carpet on to the talon (Rules II and IV), and it is always advisable +to do this when possible, for although at the moment the cards removed +may not release others, it assists the development of the game by +diminishing the number of cards in the carpet. In dealing the cards, +suitable ones need not be played on a foundation, if by placing them on +the talon a greater number can be freed from the carpet. The success of +the game mainly depends on detaching cards from the carpet. Great care +must be taken to carry out strictly Rule II. + +No card can possibly be used, either to play on a foundation or to be +placed in sequence on the talon, unless one of the narrow ends is free; +but as other cards are removed, those even in the centre become +available by a clear lane having been opened out, either horizontal or +perpendicular, leading up to one of the narrow ends of each card. + +The talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt twice, but great care +must be taken in the third deal as to the placing of sequences. If one +foundation of any suit is finished, sequences from the carpet should +not be formed on the talon except in _descending_ sequence; but, of +course, if, in dealing the talon, cards should get placed in the wrong +(_ascending_) sequence, there is no remedy, but in that case the game +could not succeed. + +There are two re-deals. + + + + +[Illustration: THE FISH-BONE.] + + + + +THE FISH-BONE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + +II. Kings and queens cannot find their places on the tableau until the +knaves to which they belong have been placed (_i.e._, each foundation +knave should have a king and queen of the same suit on either side, see +tableau). If, therefore, a king or queen should turn up in the deal, it +must be consigned to the talon, unless one of the knaves of the same +suit is already placed to receive it. + + +PLAY + +Deal out six cards on the left-hand side (see tableau). These are +called the gridiron. Cards in the gridiron may marry in ascending +sequence, but _only with cards from the pack or talon_, and not with +each other. The foundation cards are the eight knaves, which descend in +sequence to aces (Rule I), and are to be played as they appear in the +deal, in a perpendicular line (see tableau). You next examine the +gridiron, and if a knave is there, play it, as also any other suitable +cards to continue the foundations, and as kings and queens appear, +place them, in accordance with Rule II. You continue to deal out the +entire pack, playing on the foundations, and marrying in ascending +sequence on the gridiron, from which you play all suitable cards, +refilling vacancies from the pack or talon. Never omit to place the +kings and queens when it can be done (Rule II). The unsuitable cards +form the talon. + +If the game succeeds, the final tableau will show a line of aces, each +having a king and a queen of the same suit on either side. + +The talon may be taken up and re-dealt once, observing the same rules. + + + + +[Illustration: THE CONGRESS.] + + + + +THE CONGRESS + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. Cards from the rivers may marry in descending line with cards on +the helps, but not _vice versa_. + +III. Cards on the help packets may marry in descending line with cards +of each other's packets, and also with cards _from_ the rivers. + + IV. The uppermost cards of the help packets are alone available until +their removal releases those beneath. + + V. Each row of cards on the rivers blocks the preceding one, but on the +removal of any card the one immediately above it is released, and +becomes available. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack the eight aces, and place them in two columns on +the right: these are the foundations, which ascend in sequence to kings +(Rule I). Next deal four cards, and place them in a horizontal line +below, leaving plenty of room for the tableau above: these are called +the help cards. Next place at the upper end of the table a horizontal +row of eight cards: this commences what is called the "rivers," and +from the rivers you play any suitable cards on the foundations, or +marry in descending line with the help cards (Rule II), immediately +refilling the vacancies thus caused from the pack. From the helps you +now play on to the foundations, and form marriages in accordance with +Rule III. When all possible cards have been played, proceed to deal out +successive rows of eight cards on the rivers, each row partly covering +the preceding one, and temporarily blocking it (Rule V). In dealing, +you may not play a card from any row until that row is complete. After +dealing each row, pause and examine the tableau, playing and marrying +all suitable cards, and refilling vacancies, both in the rivers and +helps, with cards from the pack. In filling up vacancies in the rivers, +those in the uppermost rows must first be refilled. + +After the entire pack is exhausted, the skill of the player will be +required. The four packets of help cards may now be increased to eight. +To effect this, any four available cards may be selected from the +rivers to begin the new packets, which have all the privileges of the +original ones, and should be placed in the same line. The player may +use his own discretion concerning them. He is not obliged to place the +four new helps at once, but only as they are required, and it is best +to keep one or two of the spaces free, so as to receive any card from +the rivers which, in the progress of the game, is found to block a card +much needed. If any of the packets of help cards are played off, the +vacancy may be filled by another card from the rivers, but the packets +must never exceed the number of eight. + +There is no re-deal. + +_Note._--In the tableau only three rows of the rivers are shown. + + + + +[Illustration: THE "LOUIS" PATIENCE.] + + + + +THE "LOUIS" PATIENCE + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit, as do also cards of the alphabet. + +II. During the deal each circle of the alphabet absolutely blocks the +preceding one, but, when the entire deal is complete, the removal of +cards from the alphabet releases those on the circles beneath, which +now become available. + + +PLAY + +Withdraw from the pack four aces and four kings of different suits, and +place them as in tableau. The aces ascend in sequence to kings, the +kings descend to aces (Rule I). You next deal twelve cards, forming a +square outside the foundations, each card bearing a letter: this square +is called the alphabet. Begin the deal at letter _a_, and finish it at +letter _m_, and during the deal play any suitable cards as they turn +up. You must now examine the alphabet, and play from it any suitable +cards, but observe that as each circle of the alphabet is dealt it +blocks the previous one, and cards in the lower circles cannot be used, +even if released, until the entire pack has been dealt (Rule II). + +You next proceed to deal out a second circle of twelve cards, on the +top of the first one, beginning as before with _a_ and finishing with +_m_; and you continue to deal out successive circles until the pack is +exhausted, observing the same rules with regard to each circle. + +When the entire pack has been dealt out, and all available cards have +been played (Rule II), you are allowed to form marriages, both in +ascending and descending line, with the available cards of the +alphabet. When no more cards can be played, or married, take up the +alphabet in succession, beginning with the letter _g_, and ending with +_f_. In this manner the order of the packets is reversed. + +Then, without shuffling, deal out all the cards as before, beginning at +_a_, and finishing at _m_, observing the same rules as in the first +deal. If during this second deal a card turns up suitable alike for an +ascending or descending foundation, you can place it on either, and you +may change it from one to the other. If you prefer it, you may even lay +the card aside for the moment, playing it on whichever foundation +appears the most suitable as the game progresses. + +There may be three re-deals. + + + + +[Illustration: SLY.] + + + + +SLY + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. Cards dealt on to the promenade need not follow suit, and are not +necessarily placed in sequence. + +III. Only the uppermost card of each packet of the promenade is +available until its removal releases the card beneath. + + IV. Cards may be played as they turn up in the deal, but a card once +placed on the promenade cannot be played until each deal of twenty +cards is complete. + + +PLAY + +Deal out two horizontal rows, each consisting of ten cards (or you may, +if you prefer it, place four rows of five cards): this is called the +promenade. + +The foundations will consist of four aces and four kings of different +suits, the aces ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending to +aces (Rule I). During the deal, if any foundations appear, place them +at once in their allotted spaces, and also play any other suitable +cards as they turn up, refilling vacancies from the pack. When the +first deal of twenty cards is complete, examine the promenade and play +from it all suitable cards. + +When no more can be played, deal out a second row of twenty cards, +always, however, playing suitable ones as they turn up in the deal. +This second row of twenty cards must be placed on the top of (_i.e._, +covering) the first row, but in any manner and on any cards of the +promenade you please. You have the option of heaping several cards on +to one packet, or of merely placing a second row on the top of the +first; but you must carefully count the cards as you place them, as +each deal of twenty cards must be complete before any can be +played--(the cards that have been played _during the deal_ do not count +among the twenty). Continue to deal out in like manner successive +rounds of twenty cards, observing the same rules, until the pack is +exhausted. Between each deal examine the promenade, and play from it +all available cards (Rule III), refilling vacancies from the pack. + +The success of the game entirely depends on the skill of the player in +arranging cards on the promenade. It is advantageous to place cards in +sequence, and of the same suit, on the packets of the promenade +(although it is not required, see Rule II), as they are then ready to +be played on the foundations; but the greatest care is required to +avoid placing _two_ ascending or _two_ descending sequences of the same +suit on any packet, as one of the two would necessarily be useless, +cards not being transferable from one packet to another. + +There is no re-deal. + + + + +[Illustration: THE GREAT THIRTEEN.] + + + + +THE GREAT THIRTEEN + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The uppermost card of each of the ground packets is alone available +until its removal releases the card beneath. + + II. If in the development of the game a card is released in the ground +packets which is equally suitable for filling a vacancy in the numerals +(caused by the ground packets having failed to produce the desired +sum), or for the process of addition, the preference must be given to +filling the vacancy. + +III. In dealing the ground packets in the first instance it is advisable +to count them in order from one to eight, in order to verify their +exact position; for in re-dealing the ground packets at the end of the +game they must be counted from one to eight, and the cards must be +dealt on to them in order, whether there are cards in each space or +whether there is a vacancy, through the packet having been played off. +The packet of cards or the vacancy are to be treated in like manner. + + +PLAY + +This is a very difficult game and requires much attention. Among other +peculiarities it has no foundation cards. + +Deal out eight packets in a horizontal line, each containing thirteen +cards dealt together: these are called ground packets. Deal them from +left to right (Rule III). If in this first deal any kings appear on the +surface, slip them underneath the packets to which each belongs; but +this may only be done in the first deal. When the eight ground packets +have been dealt, take the uppermost card of each, and place these eight +cards in a line above: this line is called the balcony. Between the +balcony and the ground packets be careful to leave space for the line +of numerals (see tableau). You now count the value of each card in the +balcony, and double it, the knave counting eleven, the queen twelve, +and the king thirteen, with which card, if the game succeeds, each of +the numeral packets will terminate. If any card on the ground packets +(Rule I) corresponds to the _doubled value_ of any card on the balcony, +you place that (ground-packet) card immediately below the balcony card, +thus beginning the packets called numerals. + +_Example_ (see tableau).--On the blank cards, the numeral 6 is placed +under a three, the 4 under a two; but if in doubling, the value of any +balcony card exceeds thirteen, the excess over thirteen constitutes the +value of the card to be placed underneath. + +_Example._--An ace (numerals) is placed under a seven, the double of +seven being fourteen, _which is one in excess of thirteen_. A knave +(_Bube_) is placed under a queen; the double of twelve being +twenty-four, _which is eleven in excess of thirteen_. A three under an +eight; the double of eight being sixteen, _which is three in excess of +thirteen_. + +If the ground packets fail to produce suitable cards for numerals +according to the calculations just named, vacant spaces must of +necessity remain in the line of numerals, which will be filled as the +game develops (Rule II). + +When all suitable cards have been transferred from the ground packets +to the numerals, the next process is that of _addition_. The value of +each card on the numeral line must be _added_ to that of the card on +the balcony immediately above it, and you must again transfer from the +ground packets to the numeral line any cards whose value corresponds +with the addition thus made, it being understood that any card taken +from the ground packet must always be placed on the numeral which is +exactly underneath the balcony card to whose value it is added. + +Thus, in continuing the game by _addition_, on the numeral ace would be +placed an eight, on the _Bube_ (knave) would be placed a ten; because +in the former case one and seven make eight, in the latter, eleven +(knave) and twelve (queen) make twenty-three, _which is ten in excess +of thirteen_. + +If in this stage of the game cards are released in the ground packets +suitable either for filling vacancies or for continuing the packets of +addition in the numeral line, the refilling of the vacancies must be +the first object (Rule II). When two or more cards of the ground +packets are equally suitable, select which you please (Rule I), and you +may examine the underneath cards to assist you in your choice. + +When further progress is impossible, the third and last process is as +follows: Take up the first of the ground packets counting from the left +(Rule III). If No. 1 has been played off, you take No. 2, and so on. +Turn the packet face downward, and deal the cards on to the other +ground packets face upward, beginning with the packet next on your +right (if you are dealing No. 1, begin to deal on No. 2), and in doing +this follow _very accurately_ the method prescribed by Rule III. After +you have dealt as far as No. 8, begin again at No. 1, and continue +dealing (Rule III) till the packet you hold is exhausted. You then take +up the next packet, and deal it out in the same manner, beginning on +your right (if you are dealing No. 3, deal the first card on No. 4), +and continue to deal out each packet till all are exhausted, _pausing +between each deal to examine the packets and to make further +combinations, and placing on the numerals any suitable cards that may +have been produced by the fresh deal_, but the re-deal of each ground +packet must be complete before placing cards on the numerals. + +If after re-dealing all the ground packets, the packets of numerals do +not all end with kings (thirteen), the game has failed. + + + + +[Illustration: CANFIELD OR KLONDIKE.] + + + + +CANFIELD OR KLONDIKE + +One Entire Pack of Cards + + +From "The Official Rules of Card Games," copyright 1897, 1898, 1899, +1900, 1904, 1907, 1911, 1912, 1913, by The U. S. Playing Card Co., +Cincinnati, Ohio. + + +PLAY + +The player pays 52 counters for the pack and he is paid 5 counters for +every card he gets down in the top foundations. The cards being +shuffled and cut, the first is turned face up and laid on the table. To +the right of this card, but face down, are placed six more cards in a +row. Immediately below the left-hand card of this row that is face down +another card is placed face up, and five to the right of it face down. +Another card face up below and four to the right face down, and so on +until there are seven cards face up and twenty-eight in the layout. + +Any aces showing are picked out and placed by themselves above the +layout for foundations. These aces are built on in sequence and suit up +to kings. The moment any card in the layout is uncovered by playing +away the bottom of the row, the next card in that vertical row is +turned face up. Cards in the layout are built upon in descending +sequence--K, Q, J, down to 4, 3, 2--and must alternate in color; red on +black, black on red. If there be more than one card at the bottom of a +row, all must be moved together or not at all. Spaces are filled with +kings only. + +The stock is run through one card at a time and any card showing can be +used, either on the layout or foundations. When the pack has been run +through once that ends it. + + + + +[Illustration: ANNA.] + + + + +ANNA + +Two Entire Packs of Cards + + +RULES + + I. The foundations follow suit. + + II. The uppermost card of each packet of the helps is alone available +until its removal releases the card beneath. + +III. When queens appear among the helps, whether placed in the original +deal or in refilling vacancies, no other cards can be laid upon them. +They remain as single cards. + + +PLAY + +Deal out eight cards in the shape of a capital A: these are called +helps. Whenever in the course of the deal knaves turn up, they are to +be placed so as to form the letter N (see tableau). The eight knaves +are the foundation cards, which _descend_ in sequence to kings. + +When the helps (letter A) have been laid out, play from them any +suitable cards to continue the foundations (if any of these have been +already placed), refilling the vacancies from the pack or talon. You +next proceed to form marriages in _ascending_ line with cards of the +helps, except in the case of queens, on which cards must not be placed +(Rules II and III). + +When no other cards can be played or married, proceed to deal out the +entire pack, playing the knaves and other suitable cards forming +marriages with cards in the helps, refilling vacancies and placing +unsuitable cards as a talon. + +If the game succeeds, the final tableau shows the letter A composed of +queens, and the letter N of kings, with which the foundation cards +terminate. + +The talon may be re-dealt twice. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Lady Cadogan's Illustrated Games of +Solitaire or Patience, by Adelaide Cadogan + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GAMES OF SOLITAIRE OR PATIENCE *** + +***** This file should be named 21642.txt or 21642.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/1/6/4/21642/ + +Produced by David Starner and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. |