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+ <head>
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+ <title>
+ The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Leader, by Murray Leinster
+ </title>
+ <style type="text/css">
+/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */
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+
+ body{margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;}
+
+ .blockquot{margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; margin-top: 3em; font-size: small;}
+
+ .figcenter {margin: 1em auto; text-align: center;}
+
+ .trans1 {border: solid 1px; margin: 3em 15%; padding: 1em; text-align: justify;}
+
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+
+ .author {text-align: right; margin-right: 4em;}
+
+ .illo {margin-bottom: 2em; margin-top: 2em; font-size: smaller; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;}
+ .tease {margin-top: 2em; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;
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+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Leader, by
+William Fitzgerald Jenkins (AKA Murray Leinster)
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Leader
+
+Author: William Fitzgerald Jenkins (AKA Murray Leinster)
+
+Illustrator: van Dongen
+
+Release Date: November 24, 2007 [EBook #23612]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE LEADER ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Greg Weeks, Bruce Albrecht, Stephen Blundell
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px; margin-top: 0;">
+<img src="images/001.png" width="600" height="422" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h1><big>THE<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;">LEADER</span></big></h1>
+
+
+
+<h2><small>By</small><br />MURRAY<br />
+LEINSTER</h2>
+
+<div class="tease">The trouble with being a Superman,
+with Super powers, and knowing it, is
+it's so easy to overlook the unpleasant
+possibility of a super-superman!</div>
+
+<p class="illo">Illustrated by van Dongen</p>
+
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>... The career of The Leader remains
+one of the mysteries of history. This man,
+illegitimate and uneducated, hysterical and
+superstitious, gathered about him a
+crowded following of those who had been
+discontented, but whom he turned into
+fanatics. Apparently by pure force of personality
+he seized without resistance the
+government of one of the world's great
+nations. So much is unlikely enough. But
+as the ruler of a civilized country he imposed
+upon its people the absolute despotism
+of a primitive sultanate. He honeycombed
+its society with spies. He imprisoned,
+tortured, and executed without
+trial or check. And while all this went
+on he received the most impassioned loyalty
+of his subjects! Morality was abandoned
+at his command with as much
+alacrity as common sense. He himself was
+subject to the grossest superstitions. He
+listened to astrologers and fortunetellers&mdash;and
+executed them when they foretold
+disaster. But it is not enough to be amazed
+at the man himself. The great mystery is
+that people of the Twentieth Century,
+trained in science and technically advanced,
+should join in this orgy of what
+seems mere madness ...</p>
+
+<p class="author"><i>Concise History of Europe.</i> Blaisdell.</p></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, University of Brunn, to the
+Herr General Johann von Steppberg,
+retired.</p>
+
+<p>My dear General von Steppberg:</p>
+
+<p>It is with reluctance that I intrude
+upon your retirement, but at the request
+of the Government I have undertaken
+a scientific examination of
+the causes which brought about The
+Leader's rise to power, the extraordinary
+popularity of his regime, the
+impassioned loyalty he was able to
+evoke, and the astounding final developments.</p>
+
+<p>If you can communicate to me any
+memories of The Leader which may
+aid in understanding this most bewildering
+period of our history, I
+assure you that it will be appreciated
+by myself, by the authorities who
+wish the investigation made, and I
+dare to hope by posterity.</p>
+
+<p class="author">I am, my dear general, (Et cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from General Johann von
+Steppberg (Retired) to Professor
+Albrecht Aigen, University of Brunn.</p>
+
+<p>Herr Professor:</p>
+
+<p>The official yearbooks of the army
+contain the record of my military career.
+I have nothing to add to that
+information. You say the authorities
+wish more. I refuse it. If they threaten
+my pension, I will renounce it. If
+they propose other pressures, I will
+leave the country. In short, I refuse
+to discuss in any manner the subject
+of your recent communication.</p>
+
+<p class="author">I am, Herr Professor, (Et cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen to Dr. Karl Thurn, Professor
+of Psychology at University of
+Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>My dear Karl:</p>
+
+<p>I hope your psionic research goes
+better than my official project! My
+business goes nowhere! I have written
+to generals, ministers, and all
+kinds of persons who held high office
+under The Leader. Each and every
+one refuses to discuss The Leader or
+his own experiences under him.
+Why? Surely no one would blame
+them now! We have had to agree to
+pretend that no one did anything
+improper under The Leader, or else
+that what anyone did was proper at
+the time. So why should the nabobs
+of that incredible period refuse to
+discuss what they should know better
+than anyone else? I am almost reduced
+to asking the aid of the astrologers
+and soothsayers The Leader
+listened to. Actually, I must make a
+note to do so in sober earnest. At
+least they had their own viewpoint
+of events.</p>
+
+<p>Speaking of viewpoints, I have had
+some hope of clarifying The Leader's
+career by comparing it with that
+of Prime Minister Winston, in power
+in his country when The Leader
+ruled ours. His career is splendidly
+documented. There is astonishingly
+little documentation about The Leader
+as a person, however. That is one
+of the difficulties of my task. Even
+worse, those who should know him
+best lock their lips while those&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>Here is an unsolicited letter from
+the janitor of a building in which a
+former Minister of Education now
+has his law offices. I have many letters
+equally preposterous....</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Enclosure in letter to Dr. Karl
+Thurn, University of Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>Herr Professor:</p>
+
+<p>I am the janitor of the building in
+which Herr Former Minister of Education
+Werfen has his offices. In
+cleaning there I saw a letter crumpled
+into a ball and thrown into a
+corner. I learned in the time of The
+Leader that angry actions often mean
+evil intentions, so I read the letter to
+see if the police should be notified. It
+was a letter from you in which you
+asked Herr Former Minister of Education
+Werfen for his memories of
+The Leader.</p>
+
+<p>I remember The Leader, Herr
+Professor. He was the most holy man
+who ever lived, if indeed he was only
+a man. Once I passed the open door
+of an office in the building I then
+worked in. I looked in the door&mdash;it
+was the office of the then-struggling
+Party The Leader had founded&mdash;and
+I saw The Leader sitting in a chair,
+thinking. There was golden light
+about his head, Herr Professor. I
+have told this to other people and
+they do not believe me. There were
+shadowy other beings in the room. I
+saw, very faintly, great white wings.
+But the other beings were still because
+The Leader was thinking and
+did not wish to be disturbed. I assure
+you that this is true, Herr Professor.
+The Leader was the holiest of
+men&mdash;if he was only a man.</p>
+
+<p class="author">I am most respectfully, Herr Professor, (Et cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Fraulein Lise Grauer,
+nurse, in the city of Bludenz, to Professor
+Aigen at Brunn University.</p>
+
+<p>Most respected Herr Professor:</p>
+
+<p>I write this at the request of the
+Herr Former Police Inspector Grieg,
+to whom you directed a letter shortly
+before his death. The Herr Former
+Police Inspector had been ill for some
+time. I was his nurse. I had cared for
+him for months and did many small
+services for him, such as writing letters
+at his direction.</p>
+
+<p>When your letter came he read it
+and went into a black mood of deep
+and bitter recollection. He would not
+speak for hours, and I had great difficulty
+in getting him to take his medicines.
+Just before his bedtime he
+called me and said sardonically;</p>
+
+<p>"Lise, write to this Herr Professor
+for me. Say to him that I was once a
+decent man. When The Leader took
+power, I received orders that I would
+not accept. I submitted my resignation.
+Then I received orders to come
+to The Leader. I obeyed these orders
+because my resignation was not yet
+accepted. I was received in his office.
+I entered it with respect and defiance&mdash;respect
+because he was admitted to
+be the ruler of our nation; defiance
+because I would not obey such orders
+as had been sent me in his name.</p>
+
+<p>"The Leader spoke to me, kindly,
+and as he spoke all my views changed.
+It suddenly seemed that I had
+been absurd to refuse the orders sent
+me. They seemed right and reasonable
+and even more lenient than
+would have been justified.... I left
+The Leader in a state in which I
+could not possibly fail to do anything
+he wished. From that moment I
+obeyed his orders. I was promoted.
+Eventually, as you know, I was in
+command of the Neusatz prison
+camp. And you know what orders I
+carried out there!"</p>
+
+<p>I wept, Herr Professor, because
+the Herr Grieg's eyes were terrible
+to look at. He was a gentle and kindly
+man, Herr Professor! I was his
+nurse, and he was a good patient and
+a good man in every way. I had
+heard of the things that were done
+at Neusatz, but I could not believe
+that my patient had commanded
+them. Now, in his eyes I saw that he
+remembered them and that the memory
+was intolerable. He said very bitterly:</p>
+
+<p>"Tell the Herr Professor that I can
+tell him nothing more. I have no other
+memories that would be of service
+to him. I have resolved, anyhow, to
+get rid even of these. I have kept
+them too long. Say to him that his
+letter has decided me."</p>
+
+<p>I did not understand what he
+meant, Herr Professor. I helped him
+prepare for the night, and when he
+seemed to be resting quietly I retired,
+myself. I was wakened by a very loud
+noise. I went to see what was the
+matter. The Herr Former Police Inspector
+Grieg had managed to get out
+of his bed and across the room to a
+bureau. He opened a drawer and
+took out a revolver. He made his
+way back to his bed. He blew out his
+brains.</p>
+
+<p>I called the police, and after investigation
+they instructed me to
+carry out his request, which I do.</p>
+
+<p>Herr Professor, I do not myself
+remember the times of The Leader,
+but they must have been very terrible.
+If the Herr Former Police Inspector
+Grieg was actually in command of
+the Neusatz prison camp, and did
+actually order the things done there,&mdash;I
+cannot understand it, Herr Professor!
+Because he was a good and
+kindly man! If you write of him, I
+beg that you will mention that he
+was a most amiable man. I was only
+his nurse, but I assure you&mdash;(Et
+cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Dr. Karl Thurn, University
+of Laibach, to Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, University of Brunn.</p>
+
+<p>My dear friend:</p>
+
+<p>I could have predicted your failure
+to secure co-operation from eminent
+figures in The Leader's regime. So
+long as they keep silent, together,
+they can pretend to be respectable.
+And nobody longs so passionately to
+be respectable as a man who has
+prospered by being a swine, while he
+awaits an opportunity to prosper
+again by more swinishness. I would
+advise you to expect your best information
+from little people who suffered
+most and most helplessly looked
+on or helped while enormities were
+committed. Such little people will
+either yearn over the past like your
+janitor, or want most passionately to
+understand so that nothing of the sort
+can ever happen again.</p>
+
+<p>Winston as a parallel to The Leader?
+Or as a contrast? Which? I can
+name one marked contrast. I doubt
+that anybody really and passionately
+wishes that Winston had never been
+born.</p>
+
+<p>You mention my researches. You
+should see some of our results! I
+have found a rat with undeniable
+psychokinetic power. I have seen him
+move a gram-weight of cheese nearly
+three centimeters to where he could
+reach it through the cage bars. I begin
+to suspect a certain female dog
+of abilities I would prefer not to
+name just yet. If you can find any
+excuse to come to Laibach, I promise
+you amazing demonstrations of psi
+phenomena. (Et cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Quotations from, "<i>Recollections of
+the Earl of Humber, formerly Prime
+Minister Winston</i>," by the Hon.
+Charles Wilberforce.</p>
+
+<p>Page 231; "... This incredible
+event took place even while it seemed
+most impossible. The Prime Minister
+took it with his usual aplomb. I asked
+him what he thought of the matter
+a week later, at a house party in
+Hertfordshire. He said, 'I consider it
+most unfortunate. This Leader of
+theirs is an inherently nasty individual.
+Therefore he'll make nastiness
+the avenue to distinction so long as
+he's in power. The results will be
+tragic, because when you bottle up
+decency men seem to go mad. What
+a pity one can't bottle up nastiness!
+The world might become a fit place
+to live in!'"</p>
+
+<p>Page 247; "The Prime Minister
+disagreed. 'There was Napoleon,' he
+observed. 'You might despise him,
+but after he talked to you you served
+him. He seemed to throw a spell
+over people. Alexander probably had
+the same sort of magic personality.
+When his personality ceased to operate,
+as a result of too much wine
+too continuously, his empire fell immediately
+to pieces. I've known others
+personally; an Afghan whom I've
+always thought did us a favor by
+getting killed by a sniper. He could
+have caused a great deal of trouble.
+I'd guess at the Khalifa. Most of the
+people who have this incredible persuasiveness,
+however, seem to set up
+as successful swindlers. What a pity
+The Leader had no taste for simple
+crime, and had to go in for crimes of
+such elaboration!'"</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, University of Brunn, to Dr.
+Karl Thurn, University of Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>My dear Karl:</p>
+
+<p>You make me curious with your
+talk of a rat which levitates crumbs
+of cheese and a she-dog who displays
+other psi abilities. I assume that you
+have found the experimental conditions
+which let psi powers operate
+without hindrance. I shall hope some
+day to see and conceivably to understand.</p>
+
+<p>My own affairs are in hopeless
+confusion. At the moment I am overwhelmed
+with material about The
+Leader, the value of which I cannot
+estimate. Strange! I ask people who
+should know what I am commissioned
+to discover, and they refuse to answer.
+But it becomes known that I
+ask, and thousands of little people
+write me to volunteer impassioned
+details of their experiences while The
+Leader ruled. Some are bitter because
+they did what they did and felt as
+they felt. These seem to believe in
+magic or demoniac possession as the
+reason they behaved with such conspicuous
+insanity. Others gloat over
+their deeds, which they recount with
+gusto&mdash;and then express pious regret
+with no great convincingness. Some
+of these accounts nauseate me. But
+something utterly abnormal was in
+operation, somehow, to cause The
+Leader's ascendancy!</p>
+
+<p>I wish I could select the important
+data with certainty. Almost anything,
+followed up, might reveal the key.
+But I do not know what to follow!
+I plan to go to Bozen, where the
+new monstrous computer has been
+set up, and see if there is any way in
+which it could categorize my data and
+detect a pattern of more than bewildered
+and resentful frenzy.</p>
+
+<p>On the way back to Brunn I shall
+stop by to talk to you. There is so
+much to say! I anticipate much of
+value from your detached and analytic
+mind. I confess, also, that I am
+curious about your research. This
+she-dog with psi powers, of which
+you give no account ... I am
+intrigued.</p>
+
+<p class="author">As always, I am, (Et cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, written from The Mathematical
+Institute at Bozen, to Dr. Karl
+Thurn, University of Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>My dear Karl:</p>
+
+<p>This is in haste. There is much
+agitation among the computer staff at
+the Institute. An assistant technician
+has been discovered to be able to
+predict the answer the computer will
+give to problems set up at random.
+He is one Hans Schweeringen and it
+is unbelievable.</p>
+
+<p>Various numerals are impressed on
+the feed-in tape of the computer.
+Sections of the tape are chosen at
+random by someone who is blindfolded.
+They are fed unread into the
+computer, together with instructions
+to multiply, subtract, extract roots,
+et cetera, which are similarly chosen
+at random and not known to anyone.
+Once in twenty times or so, Schweeringen
+predicts the result of this
+meaningless computation before the
+computer has made it. This is incredible!
+The odds are trillions to one
+against it! Since nobody knows the
+sums or instructions given to the
+computer, it cannot be mind-reading
+in any form. It must be pure precognition.
+Do you wish to talk to him?</p>
+
+<p>He is uneasy at the attention he
+attracts, perhaps because his father
+was one of The Leader's secretaries
+and was executed, it is presumed, for
+knowing too much. Telegraph me if
+you wish me to try to bring him to
+you.</p>
+
+<p class="author">Your friend&mdash;</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Telegram from Dr. Karl Thurn,
+Professor of Psychology at Laibach
+University, to Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, in care of The Mathematical
+Institute at Bozen:</p>
+
+<p>Take tapes which produced answers
+Schweeringen predicted. Run
+them through computer when he
+knows nothing of it. Wire result.</p>
+
+<p class="author">Thurn.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Telegram. Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, at The Mathematical Institute
+in Bozen, to Dr. Karl Thurn, University
+of Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>How did you know? The tapes do
+not give the same answers when run
+through the computer without
+Schweeringen's knowledge. The only
+possible answer is that the computer
+sometimes errs to match his predictions.
+But this is more impossible
+than precognition. This is beyond
+the conceivable. It cannot be! What
+now?</p>
+
+<p class="author">Aigen.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Telegram from Dr. Karl Thurn,
+University of Laibach, to Professor
+Albrecht Aigen, care Mathematical
+Institute, Bozen.</p>
+
+<p>Naturally I suspect psi. He belongs
+with my rat and she-dog. Try to
+arrange it.</p>
+
+<p class="author">Thurn.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Telegram from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, Mathematical Institute, Bozen,
+to Dr. Karl Thurn, University
+of Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>Schweeringen refuses further tests.
+Fears proof he causes malfunctioning
+of computer will cause unemployment
+here and may destroy all hope
+of hoped-for career in mathematics.</p>
+
+<p class="author">Aigen.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Telegram from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, at Mathematical Institute, to
+Dr. Karl Thurn, University of Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>Terrible news. Riding bus to Institute
+this morning, Schweeringen was
+killed when bus was involved in
+accident.</p>
+
+<p class="author">Aigen.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Telegram from Dr. Karl Thurn,
+University of Laibach, to Professor
+Albrecht Aigen, care Mathematical
+Institute, Bozen.</p>
+
+<p>Deeply regret death Schweeringen.
+When you come here please try to
+bring all known family history. Psi
+ability sometimes inherited. Could be
+tie-in his father's execution and use
+of psi ability.</p>
+
+<p class="author">Thurn.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, at Brunn University, to Dr.
+Karl Thurn, University of Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>My dear Karl:</p>
+
+<p>I have first to thank you for your
+warm welcome and to express my
+gratitude for your attention while I
+was your guest. Since my return I
+have written many inquiries about
+Schweeringen's father. There are so
+far no replies, but I have some hope
+that people who will not tell of their
+own experiences may tell about someone
+else&mdash;especially someone now
+dead. This may be a useful device to
+get at least some information from
+people who so far have refused any.
+Naturally I will pass on to you anything
+I learn.</p>
+
+<p>I try to work again upon the task
+assigned me&mdash;to investigate the rise
+and power of The Leader. I find it
+hard to concentrate. My mind goes
+back to your laboratory. I am deeply
+shaken by my experience there. I had
+thought nothing could be more bewildering
+than my own work. Consider:
+Today I received a letter in
+which a man tells me amazedly of the
+life he led in a slave-labor camp during
+the time of The Leader's rule.
+He describes the attempt of another
+prisoner to organize a revolt of the
+prisoners. While he spoke of the
+brutality of the guards and the intolerably
+hard labor and the deliberately
+insufficient food, they cheered him.
+But when he accused The Leader of
+having ordered these things&mdash;the
+prisoners fell upon him with cries of
+fury. They killed him. I had this information
+verified. It was true.</p>
+
+<p>I cannot hope for a sane explanation
+of such things. But a sane explanation
+for my experience seems
+even less probable. I am impressed
+by your rat who levitates crumbs of
+cheese. But I am appalled; I am horrified;
+I am stupefied by what I did!
+You asked me to wait for you in a
+certain laboratory beyond a door. I
+entered. I saw a small, fat, mangy
+she-dog in a dog-run. She looked at
+me and wagged her tail. I thereupon
+went to the other end of the laboratory,
+opened a box, and took out a
+handful of strange objects you later
+told me are sweetmeats to a dog. I
+gave them to the animal.</p>
+
+<p>Why did I do it? How was it that
+I went directly to a box of which I
+knew nothing, opened it as a matter
+of course, and took out objects I did
+not even recognize, to give them to
+that unpleasant small beast? How did
+I know where to go? Why did I go?
+Why should I give those then-meaningless
+objects to the dog? It is as if
+I were enchanted!</p>
+
+<p>You say that it is a psi phenomenon.
+The rat causes small objects to
+move. The dog, you say, causes persons
+to give it canine candy. I revolt
+against the conclusion, which I cannot
+reason away. If you are right, we
+are at the mercy of our domestic animals!
+Dog-lovers are not people who
+love dogs, but people who are enslaved
+by dogs. Cat-lovers are merely
+people who have been seized upon by
+cats to support and pet and cater to
+them. This is intolerable! I shall fear
+all pets from now on! I throw myself
+back into my own work to avoid
+thinking of it. I&mdash;</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 15%; margin: 1em auto;' />
+
+<p>Later. I did not mail this letter
+because an appalling idea occurred
+to me. This could bear upon my investigation!
+Do you think The
+Leader&mdash;No! It could not be! It
+would be madness....</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Extract from a letter from Dr.
+Karl Thurn to Professor Albrecht
+Aigen.</p>
+
+<p>... I deplore your reaction. It has
+the emotional quality of a reaction to
+witchcraft or magic, but psi is not
+witchcraft. It is a natural force. No
+natural force is either nonexistent or
+irresistible. No natural force is invariably
+effective. Psi is not irresistible
+under all circumstances. It is not
+always effective. My rat cannot levitate
+cheese-crumbs weighing more
+than 1.7 grams. My she-dog could
+not make you give her dog-candy
+once you were on guard. When you
+went again into the laboratory she
+looked at you and wagged her tail as
+before. You say that you thought of
+the box and of opening it, but you
+did not. It was not even an effort of
+will to refrain.</p>
+
+<p>A lesser will or a lower grade of
+personality cannot overwhelm a
+greater one. Not ever! Lesser beings
+can only urge. The astrologers used
+to say that the stars incline, but they
+do not compel. The same can be said
+of psi&mdash;or of magnetism or gravitation
+or what you will. Schweeringen
+could not make the computer err
+when it had to err too egregiously.
+A greater psi ability was needed than
+he had. A greater psi power than was
+available would have been needed to
+make you give the dog candy, once
+you were warned.</p>
+
+<p>I do not apply these statements to
+your so-called appalling idea. I carefully
+refrain from doing so. It is your
+research, not mine....</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Extract from letter to Professor
+Albrecht Aigen from the Herr Friedrich
+Holm, supervisor of electrical
+maintenance, municipal electrical
+service, Untersberg.</p>
+
+<p>Herr Professor:</p>
+
+<p>You have written to ask if I knew
+a certain Herr Schweeringen, attached
+to The Leader's personal staff during
+his regime. I did know such a
+person. I was then in charge of electrical
+maintenance in The Leader's
+various residences. Herr Schweeringen
+was officially one of The Leader's
+secretaries, but his actual task was to
+make predictions for The Leader, like
+a soothsayer or a medium. He had a
+very remarkable gift. There were
+times when it was especially needful
+that there be no electrical failures&mdash;when
+The Leader was to be in residence,
+for example. On such occasions
+it was my custom to ask Herr
+Schweeringen if there was apt to be
+any failure of apparatus under my
+care. At least three times he told me
+yes. In one case it was an elevator,
+in another refrigeration, in a third
+a fuse would blow during a State
+dinner.</p>
+
+<p>I overhauled the elevator, but it
+failed nevertheless. I replaced the
+refrigeration motor, and the new
+motor failed. In the third case I
+changed the fuse to a new and tested
+one, and then placed a new, fused
+line around the fuse Herr Schweeringen
+had said would blow, and placed
+a workman beside it. When the fuse
+did blow as predicted, my workman
+instantly closed the extra-line switch,
+so that the lights of the State dinner
+barely flickered. But I shudder when
+I think of the result if Herr Schweeringen
+had not warned me.</p>
+
+<p>He was executed a few days before
+the period of confusion began, which
+ended as everyone knows. I do not
+know the reason for his execution. It
+was said, however, that The Leader
+executed him personally. This, Herr
+Professor, is all that I know of the
+matter.</p>
+
+<p class="author">Very respectfully, (Et cetera.)</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/002.png" width="600" height="411" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Herr Theophrastus
+Paracelsus Bosche, astrologer, to Professor
+Albrecht Aigen, Brunn University.</p>
+
+<p>Most respected Herr Professor:</p>
+
+<p>I am amused that a so-eminent
+scientist like yourself should ask information
+from a so-despised former
+astrologer to The Leader. It is even
+more amusing that you ask about a
+mere soothsayer&mdash;a man who displayed
+an occult gift of prophecy&mdash;whom
+you should consider merely one of
+the charlatans like myself whom The
+Leader consulted, and who are unworthy
+of consideration by a scientific
+historian. We have no effect upon
+history, most respected Herr Professor!
+None at all. Oh, none! I am
+much diverted.</p>
+
+<p>You ask about the Herr Schweeringen.
+He was a predictor, using his
+occult gift of second sight to foreknow
+events and tell The Leader
+about them. You will remember that
+The Leader considered himself to
+have occult powers of leadership and
+decision, and that all occult powers
+should contribute to his greatness. At
+times of great stress, such as when
+The Leader demanded ever-increasing
+concessions from other nations on
+threat of war, he was especially concerned
+that occult predictions promise
+him success.</p>
+
+<p>At a certain time the international
+tension was greater than ever before.
+If The Leader could doubt the rightness
+of any of his actions, he doubted
+it then. There was great danger of
+war. Prime Minister Winston had
+said flatly that The Leader must withdraw
+his demands or fight. The
+Leader was greatly agitated. He demanded
+my prediction. I considered
+the stars and predicted discreetly that
+war would be prevented by some
+magnificent achievement by The
+Leader. Truly, if he got out of his
+then situation it would be a magnificent
+achievement. But astrology, of
+course, could only indicate it but not
+describe what it would be.</p>
+
+<p>The Leader was confident that he
+could achieve anything he could imagine,
+because he had convinced even
+himself that only treason or disloyalty
+could cause him to fail in any
+matter. He demanded of his generals
+what achievement would prevent the
+war. They were not encouraging. He
+demanded of his civilian political advisers.
+They dared not advise him to
+retreat. They offered nothing. He demanded
+of his occult advisers.</p>
+
+<p>The Herr Schweeringen demanded
+of me that I tell him my exact prediction.
+His nerves were bad, then, and
+he twitched with the strain. Someone
+had to describe the great achievement
+The Leader would make. It would be
+dangerous not to do so. I told him
+the prediction, I found his predicament
+diverting. He left me, still
+twitching and desperately sunk in
+thought.</p>
+
+<p>I now tell you exact, objective
+facts, Herr Professor, with no interpretation
+of my own upon them. The
+Herr Schweeringen was closeted with
+The Leader. I am told that his face
+was shining with confidence when he
+went to speak to The Leader. It was
+believed among us charlatans that he
+considered that he foreknew what
+The Leader would do to prevent war
+at this time.</p>
+
+<p>Two hours later there were shots
+in The Leader's private quarters.
+The Leader came out, his eyes glaring,
+and ordered Herr Schweeringen's
+body removed. He ordered the
+execution of the four senior generals
+of the General Staff, of the Minister
+of Police, and several other persons.
+He then went into seclusion, from
+which he emerged only briefly to give
+orders making the unthinkable retreat
+that Prime Minister Winston
+had demanded. No one spoke to him
+for a week. Confusion began. These
+are objective facts. I now add one
+small boast.</p>
+
+<p>My discreet prediction had come
+true, and it is extremely diverting to
+think about it. The Leader had
+achieved magnificently. The war was
+prevented not only for the moment
+but for later times, too. The Leader's
+achievement was the destruction of
+his regime by destroying the brains
+that had made it operate!</p>
+
+<p>It is quite possible that you will
+consider this information a lie. That
+will be quite droll. However, I am,
+most respected Herr Professor, (Et
+cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Dr. Karl Thurn, University
+of Laibach, to Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, Brunn University.</p>
+
+<p>My dear friend:</p>
+
+<p>Your information about the elder
+Schweeringen received. The information
+about his prediction is interesting.
+I could wish that it were complete,
+but that would seem to be
+hopeless. Your question, asked in a
+manner suggesting great disturbance,
+is another matter. I will answer it as
+well as I can, my friend, but please
+remember that you asked. I volunteer
+nothing. The question of the rise
+and power of The Leader is your research,
+not mine.</p>
+
+<p>Here is my answer. Years back an
+American researcher named Rhine
+obtained seemingly conclusive proof
+that telepathy took place. Tonight he
+would have a "sender," here, attempt
+to transmit some item telepathically
+to a "receiver," there. Tomorrow
+morning he would compare the record
+of what the "sender" had attempted
+to transmit, with the record
+of what the "receiver" considered he
+had received. The correspondence
+was far greater than chance. He considered
+that telepathy was proven.</p>
+
+<p>But then Rhine made tests for precognition.
+He secured proof that
+some persons could predict with
+greater-than-probability frequency
+that some particular event, to be determined
+by chance, would take place
+tomorrow. He secured excellent evidence
+for precognition.</p>
+
+<p>Then it was realized that if one
+could foresee what dice would read
+tomorrow&mdash;dice not yet thrown&mdash;one
+should be able to read what a report
+would read tomorrow&mdash;a report not
+yet written. In short, if one can foreknow
+what a comparison will reveal,
+telepathy before the comparison is
+unproven. In proving precognition,
+he had destroyed his evidence for
+telepathy.</p>
+
+<p>It appears that something similar
+has happened, which our correspondence
+has brought out. Young Schweeringen
+predicted what a computer
+would report from unknown numerals
+and instructions. In order for the
+computer to match his predictions, it
+had to err. It did. Therefore one reasons
+that he did not predict what the
+computer would produce. The computer
+produced what he predicted. In
+effect, what appeared to be foreknowledge
+was psychokinesis&mdash;the
+same phenomenon as the movement
+of crumbs of cheese by my rat. One
+may strongly suspect that when young
+Herr Schweeringen knew in advance
+what the computer would say, he actually
+knew in advance what he could
+make it say. It is possible that one
+can consciously know in advance only
+what one can unconsciously bring
+about. If one can bring about only
+minor happenings, one can never
+predict great ones.</p>
+
+<p>This is my answer to your question.
+I would like very much to know
+what the elder Schweeringen predicted
+that The Leader would accomplish!</p>
+
+<p>My she-dog has died. We had a
+new attendant in the laboratory. He
+fed her to excess. She died of it. (Et
+cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen to Dr. Thurn.</p>
+
+<p>My dear Karl:</p>
+
+<p>I have resolved to dismiss psionic
+ability from my investigation into
+The Leader's rise to power. This
+much I will concede: The Leader
+could enslave&mdash;englamour&mdash;enchant
+anyone who met him personally. He
+did. To a lesser degree, this irresistible
+persuasiveness is a characteristic
+of many successful swindlers. But he
+could not have englamoured the
+whole nation. He did not meet
+enough persons personally to make
+his regime possible, unless he could
+cause other persons to apply their
+own magnetism to further his ambitions,
+and they others and others and
+so on&mdash;like an endless series of magnets
+magnetized originally from one.
+This is not possible. I restrict myself
+to normal, plausible hypotheses&mdash;of
+which so far I have no faintest trace.</p>
+
+<p>You agree with me, do you not&mdash;that
+it was impossible for The Leader
+to weave a web of enchantment over
+the whole nation by his own psi energies
+controlling the psi energies of
+others? I would welcome your assurance
+that it could not be.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Professor Albrecht
+Aigen to Dr. Karl Thurn.</p>
+
+<p>My dear Karl:</p>
+
+<p>Did you receive my last letter? I
+am anxious to have your assurance
+that it was impossible that The Leader
+could englamour the whole nation
+by his psionic gifts.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Telegram, Dr. Albrecht Aigen to
+Dr. Karl Thurn.</p>
+
+<p>Karl, as you are my friend, answer
+me!</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter, Dr. Karl Thurn to Professor
+Albrecht Aigen.</p>
+
+<p>... But what have you discovered,
+my friend, that you are afraid to
+face?</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter. Professor Albrecht Aigen
+to Dr. Karl Thurn.</p>
+
+<p>My dear Karl:</p>
+
+<p>I appeal to you because I have discovered
+how nearly our nation and
+the whole world escaped horrors beside
+which those of The Leader's actual
+regime would seem trivial. Give
+me reasons, arguments, proofs beyond
+question, which I can put into
+my report on his career! I must demonstrate
+beyond question that psi
+ability did not cause his ascendancy!
+Help me to contrive a lie which will
+keep anyone, ever, from dreaming
+that psi ability can be used to seize
+a government and a nation. It could
+seize the world more terribly....</p>
+
+<p>I cannot express the urgency of
+this need! There are others who
+possess The Leader's powers in a
+lesser degree. They must remain only
+swindlers and such, without ambitions
+to rule, or they might study
+The Leader's career as Napoleon
+studied Alexander's. There must be
+no hint, anywhere, of the secret I
+have discovered. There must be nothing
+to lead to the least thought of it!
+The Leader could have multiplied his
+power ten-thousand-fold! Another
+like him must never learn how it
+could be done!</p>
+
+<p>I beg your help, Karl! I am shaken.
+I am terrified. I wish that I had
+not undertaken this research. I wish
+it almost as desperately as I wish
+that The Leader had never been
+born!</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Colonel Sigmund
+Knoeller, retired, to Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, Brunn University.</p>
+
+<p>Herr Professor:</p>
+
+<p>In response to your authorized request
+for information about certain
+events; I have the honor to inform
+you that at the time you mention I
+was Major in command of the Second
+Battalion of the 161st Infantry Regiment,
+assigned to guard duty about
+the residence of The Leader. Actual
+guard duty was performed by the
+secret police. My battalion merely
+provided sentries around the perimeter
+of the residence, and at certain
+places within.</p>
+
+<p>On August 19th I received a command
+to march three companies of
+my men into the residence, to receive
+orders from The Leader in person.
+This command was issued by the
+Herr General Breyer, attached to The
+Leader as a military aide.</p>
+
+<p>I led my men inside according to
+the orders, guided by the orderly who
+had brought them. I entered an inner
+courtyard. There was disturbance.
+People moved about in a disorderly
+fashion and chattered agitatedly. This
+was astonishing in The Leader's residence.
+I marched up to General
+Breyer, who stood outside a group
+biting his nails. I saluted and said:
+"Major Knoeller reporting for orders,
+Herr General."</p>
+
+<p>There was then confusion in the
+nearby squabbling group. A man
+burst out of it and waved his arms at
+me. He looked like The Leader. He
+cried shrilly:</p>
+
+<p>"Arrest these men! All of them!
+Then shoot them!"</p>
+
+<p>I looked at the Herr General
+Breyer. He bit his nails. The man
+who looked so much like The Leader
+foamed at the mouth. But he was not
+The Leader. That is, in every respect
+he resembled The Leader to whom I
+owed loyalty as did everyone. But no
+one who was ever in The Leader's
+presence failed to know it. There was
+a feeling. One knew to the inmost
+part of one's soul that he was The
+Leader who must be reverenced and
+obeyed. But one did not feel that way
+about this man, though he resembled
+The Leader so strongly.</p>
+
+<p>"Arrest them!" shrilled the man
+ferociously. "I command it! I am
+The Leader! Shoot them!"</p>
+
+<p>When I still waited for General
+Breyer to give me orders, the man
+shrieked at the troopers. He commanded
+them to kill General Breyer
+and all the rest, including me. And
+if he had been The Leader they
+would have obeyed. But he was not.
+So my men stood stiffly at attention,
+waiting for my orders or General
+Breyer's.</p>
+
+<p>There was now complete silence in
+the courtyard. The formerly squabbling
+men watched as if astonished.
+As if they did not believe their eyes.
+But I waited for General Breyer to
+give his commands.</p>
+
+<p>The man screamed in a terrible,
+frustrated rage. He waved his arms
+wildly. He foamed at the mouth and
+shrieked at me. I waited for orders
+from General Breyer. After a long
+time he ceased to bite his nails and
+said in a strange voice:</p>
+
+<p>"You had better have this man
+placed in confinement, Major Knoeller.
+See that he is not injured. Double
+all guards and mount machine guns
+in case of rioting outside. Dismiss!"</p>
+
+<p>I obeyed my commands. My men
+took the struggling, still-shrieking
+man and put him in a cell in the
+guardhouse. There was a drunken
+private there, awaiting court-martial.
+He was roused and annoyed when his
+new companion shrieked and screamed
+and shook the bars of the door.
+He kicked the man who looked so
+much like The Leader. I then had the
+civilian placed in a separate cell, but
+he continued to rave incoherently
+until I had the regimental surgeon
+give him an injection to quiet him.
+He sank into drugged sleep with
+foam about his lips.</p>
+
+<p>He looked remarkably like The
+Leader. I have never seen such a resemblance!
+But he was not The
+Leader or we would have known
+him.</p>
+
+<p>There was no disturbance outside
+the residence. The doubled guards
+and the mounted machine guns were
+not needed.</p>
+
+<p class="author">I am, Herr Professor, (Et cetera.)</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter, with enclosure, from Professor
+Albrecht Aigen, Brunn University,
+to Dr. Karl Thurn, University
+of Laibach.</p>
+
+<p>My dear Karl:</p>
+
+<p>Because of past sharing in my research,
+you will realize what the enclosed
+means. It is part of the report
+of the physicians who examined The
+Leader three days after his confinement
+in a military prison. He had recovered
+much of his self-control. He
+spoke with precision. He appeared
+even calm, though he was confused
+in some matters. The doctors addressed
+him as "My Leader" because he
+refused to reply otherwise.</p>
+
+<p>(Enclosure)</p>
+
+<p><i>Dr. Kundmann</i>: But, My Leader,
+we do not understand what has happened!
+You were terribly disturbed.
+You were even ... even confused in
+your behavior! Can you tell us what
+took place?</p>
+
+<p><i>The Leader</i>: I suffered a great danger
+and a temporary damage. That
+villain Schweeringen&mdash;I shot him.
+It was a mistake. I should have had
+him worked over&mdash;at length!</p>
+
+<p><i>Dr. Messner</i>: My Leader, will you
+be so good as to tell us the nature of
+the danger and the damage?</p>
+
+<p><i>The Leader</i>: Schweeringen probably
+told someone what he would propose
+to me. It was his conviction that
+because of my special gifts I could
+cause anyone, not only to obey me,
+but to pour out to me, directly, his
+inmost thoughts and memories. Of
+course this is true. The danger was
+that of the contact of my mind with
+an inferior one. But I allowed
+Schweeringen to persuade me that I
+should risk even this for the service of
+my people. Therefore I contacted the
+mind of Prime Minister Winston,
+so I could know every scheme and
+every plan he might have or know
+to exist to injure my people. I intended,
+however, to cause him to become
+loyal to me&mdash;though I would
+later have had him shot. Schweeringen
+had betrayed me, though. When
+I made contact with Winston's mind,
+it was not only inferior, but diseased!
+There was a contagion which temporarily
+affected the delicate balance of
+my intuition. For a short time I
+could not know, as ordinarily, what
+was best for my people.</p>
+
+<p>(End of Enclosure)</p>
+
+<p>You will see, my dear Karl, what
+took place. To you and to me this
+explains everything. In the background
+of my research and your information
+it is clear. Fortunately, The
+Leader's mind was unstable. The
+strain and shock of so unparalleled
+experience as complete knowledge of
+another brain's contents destroyed his
+rationality. He became insane. Insane,
+he no longer had the psi gifts by
+which he had seized and degraded
+our nation. He ceased to be The
+Leader.</p>
+
+<p>But you will see that this must be
+hidden! Another monster like The
+Leader, or Napoleon&mdash;perhaps even
+lesser monsters&mdash;could attempt the
+same feat. But they might be less unstable!
+They might be able to invade
+the mind of any human being, anywhere,
+and drain it of any secret or
+impress upon it any desire or command,
+however revolting. You see,
+Karl, why this must never become
+known! It must be hidden forever.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Letter from Dr. Karl Thurn, University
+of Laibach, to Professor Albrecht
+Aigen, Brunn University.</p>
+
+<p>My dear friend:</p>
+
+<p>I am relieved! I feared for your
+judgment. I thought that perhaps
+overwork and frustration had set up
+an anxiety-block to make you cease
+your work. But you are quite right.
+Your analysis is brilliant. And now
+that you have pointed it out, unquestionably
+a man with The Leader's
+psi powers could force another man's
+brain to transmit all its contents to
+him.</p>
+
+<p>But consider the consequences!
+Consider the conditions of such an
+event. One's brain is designed to
+work within one's own skull, dealing
+with sensory messages and the like.
+Very occasionally it acts outside,
+shifting crumbs of cheese and confusing
+computers&mdash;and securing candy.
+But even when one's will controls
+outside actions, it does not fuse with
+the outside brain or thing. It molds
+or moves the recipient mind, but
+there is never a sharing of memory.
+You have explained why.</p>
+
+<p>Consider what must happen if a
+brain of limited power and essentially
+emotional operation is linked to
+another and more powerful one. Assume
+for a moment that my she-dog
+had linked her brain to yours, even
+momentarily. Do you realize that she
+would not have gotten your memories,
+much less your power to reason?
+She would not even have acquired
+your knowledge of the meaning
+of words! When a bright light
+shines in your eyes, you see nothing
+else. When thunder rolls in your
+ears, you do not hear the ticking of
+a clock. When you suffer pain, you
+do not notice a feather's tickle. If
+my she-dog had linked her mind to
+yours, she would have experienced
+something which is knowledge more
+firmly fixed and more continuously
+known than anything else in your
+conscious life. This overwhelmingly
+strong conviction would have been
+so powerful and so positive that it
+would be imprinted&mdash;branded&mdash;burned
+into every cell of her brain.
+She could never get it out.</p>
+
+<p>But in receiving this overwhelming
+experience she would not get
+your memories or power to reason or
+even your personality. She would
+have experienced only your identity.
+She would have received only the
+conviction that she was yourself! She
+would have been like those poor lunatics
+who believe that they are
+Napoleon, though they have nothing
+of Napoleon in them but the conviction
+of identity. They do not know
+when he was born or have more than
+the vaguest notion of what he did,
+but they try to act as who he was&mdash;according
+to their own ideas of how
+Napoleon would act in their situation.
+This is how my she-dog would
+have behaved.</p>
+
+<p>I am relieved. You have explained
+everything. Your letter gave me the
+suspicion. I secured a transcript of
+the Herr Doctor's report for myself.
+My suspicion became a certainty. You
+will find the clue in the report. Consider:
+The Leader had had the experience
+I imagined for my she-dog.
+He had linked his mind with a
+stronger one and a greater personality&mdash;if
+it must be said, a greater man.
+For a moment The Leader knew
+what that man knew most certainly,
+with most profound conviction, with
+most positive knowledge. It was
+burned into his brain. He could never
+get it out. He did not secure that
+other man's memories or knowledge
+or ability. He was blinded, deafened,
+dazed by the overwhelming conviction
+that, the other man had of his
+own identity. It would not be possible
+for him to get anything else from
+a stronger mind and a greater person.
+Nor could anyone else succeed where
+he failed, my friend! There is no
+danger of any man seizing the world
+by seizing the minds of all his fellows!
+One who tries will meet the
+fate of The Leader.</p>
+
+<p>You realize what that fate was, of
+course. He suddenly ceased to be the
+monster who could cast a spell of
+blind adoration for himself. He
+ceased to be The Leader! So the
+doctors gave him truth-serum so
+he would not try to conceal anything
+from them. The result is in the
+transcript on the third page beyond
+the place you quoted to me. There
+the doctors asked The Leader who he
+was. Read his answer, my friend! It
+proves everything! He said:</p>
+
+<p>"I am Prime Minister Winston."</p>
+
+
+<p class="theend">THE END</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="trans1"><b>Transcriber's Note:</b><br />
+This etext was produced from <i>Astounding Science Fiction</i> February
+1960. Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S.
+copyright on this publication was renewed. Minor spelling and
+typographical errors have been corrected without note.</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Leader, by
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