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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/24404-h.zip b/24404-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..f050c55 --- /dev/null +++ b/24404-h.zip diff --git a/24404-h/24404-h.htm b/24404-h/24404-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..271eb04 --- /dev/null +++ b/24404-h/24404-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1194 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Sermon Preached on the Anniversary of the Boston Female Asylum for Destitute Orphans, September 25, 1835, by Jonathan M. Wainwright + </title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + p {margin-top: .75em; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: .75em;} + + h2,h3 {text-align: center; clear: both;} + h1 {text-align: center; clear: both; line-height: 2.5em; font-size: medium;} + + hr {width: 65%; margin: 2em auto; clear: both;} + .min {width: 25%; margin: .5em auto; clear: both;} + + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + + .pagenum {position: absolute; left: 94%; font-size: small; + font-style: normal; text-align: right; text-indent: 0em;} + + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + .smcapl {font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;} + + .footnotes {border: dashed 1px; margin-top: 2em;} + .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + .footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} + .fnanchor {vertical-align: 0.25em; font-size: .8em; text-decoration: none;} + + .trans1 {border: solid 1px; margin: 3em 15%; padding: 1em; text-align: justify;} + + .rg3 {text-align: left; margin-left: 50%;} + .rg2 {text-align: left; margin-left: 60%;} + .rg1 {text-align: left; margin-left: 70%;} + + .sp1 {letter-spacing: .5em; font-size: x-large;} + .sp2 {letter-spacing: .25em; word-spacing: .5em; font-size: x-large;} + .sp3 {text-align: center; font-size: small; margin-top: 3em; margin-bottom: 3em;} + .sp4 {text-align: center; font-size: small; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0em;} + .sp5 {text-align: center; font-size: small; font-weight: bold; margin-top: 3em;} + .sp6 {margin-top: 2em;} + + a:link {text-decoration:none;} + a:visited {text-decoration:none;} + // --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Sermon Preached on the Anniversary of the +Boston Female Asylum for Destitute Orphans, September 25, 1835, by Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: A Sermon Preached on the Anniversary of the Boston Female Asylum for Destitute Orphans, September 25, 1835 + +Author: Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright + +Release Date: January 22, 2008 [EBook #24404] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SERMON - BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM *** + + + + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Stephen Blundell and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<h1>A<br /> +<span class="sp1">SERMON</span><br /> +PREACHED ON THE ANNIVERSARY<br /> +<small>OF THE</small><br /> +<span class="sp2">BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM</span><br /> +<small>FOR</small><br /> +<big>DESTITUTE ORPHANS,</big><br /><br /> +SEPTEMBER 25, 1835.</h1> + +<p class="sp3"><b>PUBLISHED BY REQUEST OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS.</b></p> + +<hr class="min" /> +<h2 class="sp4"><big><big>BY JONATHAN M. WAINWRIGHT, D. D.</big></big></h2> +<p class="sp4"><b>Rector of Trinity Church, Boston.</b></p> +<hr class="min" /> + +<p class="sp5"><big>Boston.</big><br /> +DUTTON AND WENTWORTH, PRINTERS,<br /> +<small>Nos. 10 & 12, Exchange Street,</small><br /><br /> +<big>1835.</big></p> + +<hr /> +<h2><small>TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS.</small></h2> + +<p><span class="smcap">Ladies</span>,</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Upon</span> your first application to me for a copy of this sermon +to be printed, I respectfully declined giving it, because it was +not prepared with the slightest reference to such a result, and +more especially because it has been my uniform practice to +abstain from appearing in this way before the public, when I +could with propriety do so. To your renewed request, and +the reasons you state for making it, I feel myself constrained +to yield, although my own conviction in regard both to the +character of the discourse itself, and to the inexpediency of such +publications, except in very special cases, remains the same. +If, however, its possession, as you imply, can afford gratification +to any one interested in your most excellent institution, +I ought not perhaps to be longer influenced by a consideration +which relates merely to myself in withholding it. I therefore +commit it to you, and am,</p> + +<p class="rg3">With the greatest respect,</p> + +<p class="rg2">Your friend and servant,</p> + +<p class="rg1">JONA. M. WAINWRIGHT.</p> + +<p><small>BOSTON, OCTOBER 6, 1835.</small></p> + +<hr /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span></p> +<h2>SERMON.</h2> + +<p class="sp3"><b>PROVERBS, XXII. 9.<br /><br /> +"He that hath a bountiful eye shall be blessed; for he giveth of his bread to the +poor."</b></p> + +<p><span class="smcap">How</span> merciful and gracious is our Heavenly Father +in presenting to us his commandments, united +with the promise of ample rewards to those who +will obey them. As the author of our being, the +creator and preserver of our means of existence, and +our sources of happiness, he has an unqualified right +to our constant obedience and our best services. +Yet he treats us as if we were in a measure independent +of him, and as if our faculties and possessions +were an underived property, for he demands +of us no duty or sacrifice for which he does not offer +an abundant remuneration. And even to the performance +of those duties which are in themselves a +source of gratification to the well regulated mind, +the inducements are greatly increased by appendant +promises. We might not think it remarkable that +labor and sacrifices, and self-denial, should be encouraged<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span> +by the hope of reward; but even the delightful +offices of mercy and charity will be remunerated, +and heavenly blessings will hereafter be showered +upon the heads of those who may now be enjoying +the luxury of doing good. Surely I address +myself to those who know that there is a pleasure +in deeds of beneficence,—a pleasure the noblest and +most delightful of which our nature is susceptible. +And you my brethren, must have had experience of +this sentiment, or vain will be my efforts to unfold +to you the subject that is before me. I appear in +behalf of the destitute orphan, and if I thought I +had need to convince you that there is a sweet and +abiding satisfaction in relieving those who are truly +objects of charity, I should be utterly discouraged at +the outset. But such is not to be my ungrateful +task; for I see around me those who I doubt not +have often realized the pleasures of beneficence, and +have often bestowed their charities upon the simple +impulse of generous feeling. I would now, however, +present to you a more exalted motive to beneficence +than its secret pleasures. I would show you that +it is not simply a gratification you can enjoy, but a +solemn duty which you must perform; and therefore +that your charities are not to be governed by +momentary impulses, but by settled principles, and +that you are to do good not merely because you<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span> +take delight in it, but that you may secure the favor +of God who has commanded this service. And as +I have observed that where our Heavenly Father has +put forth a commandment, he has also annexed a reward +to induce us to obey it, so in our text the duty +of beneficence is presented in the form of a beatitude, +like the introductory precepts of our blessed Lord's +sermon on the mount. "He that hath a bountiful +eye shall be <span class="smcapl">BLESSED</span>."</p> + +<p>I propose, first, briefly to explain this duty, then +to state its obligation, and lastly to allude to the +blessing promised in connexion with it.</p> + +<p class="sp6">1. The expression of my text is peculiar. We +hear in common speech of a liberal or open hand as +the characteristic of a benevolent man; but the +phrase, a bountiful eye, belongs alone to the sacred +scriptures. There also the opposite character of avarice +and cruelty is represented by a figure drawn +from the same source. In the book from which my +text is selected, we are warned not to partake of the +offered banquet of him who spreads his table by constraint, +and with ostentatious or mercenary views, +and not from the impulse of an hospitable spirit. +<i>Eat thou not the bread of him that hath an evil eye, +neither desire thou his dainty meats: For as he thinketh +in his heart so is he: Eat and drink saith he to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span> +thee; but his heart is not with thee.</i><a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> And again the +character and punishment of the man who is so +anxious to acquire wealth as to disregard the principles +of honesty and the claims of charity is thus described. +<i>He that hasteth to be rich hath an evil eye, +and considereth not that poverty shall come upon him.</i><a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> +In the book of Deuteronomy too where the law of +conduct towards the poor is laid down, and the rich +are commanded not to take advantage of their necessities +we read—<i>If there be among you a poor man of +one of thy brethren, within any of thy gates, in thy land +which the Lord thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not +harden thine heart, nor shut thine hand, from thy poor +brother. But thou shalt open thine hand wide unto +him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need, +in that which he wanteth. Beware that there be not +a thought in thy wicked heart, saying, the seventh +year, the year of release is at hand; and thine eye be +evil against thy poor brother, and thou givest him +nought, and he cry unto the Lord against thee, and +it be sin unto thee. Thou shalt surely give him, and +thine heart shall not be grieved when thou givest unto +him.</i><a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> As the evil eye was descriptive of a selfish, +hard hearted, avaricious temper, so the bountiful eye +was meant to represent the virtues of a humane and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span> +generous man. A phrase more expressive, could not +be selected to describe an ardent and enlightened +beneficence. A liberal hand, signifies merely generosity +in giving, but <i>a bountiful eye</i> implies not simply +this, but also industry in looking about for objects +of distress, and discrimination in the mode of relieving +them, and tenderness and kind expressions accompanying +our charities. All these are essential +features of true christian beneficence.</p> + +<p><small>1</small>. To give of our money, is perhaps, the very least +praise-worthy part, and certainly the part of easiest +performance in the way of charity. Many there are +who yield to the solicitation of an object of distress, +or to an application from the agent of some charitable +society merely that they may escape from painful +importunity. Others again, who feel and acknowledge +the obligation of sharing a portion of their +wealth with the poor, are yet glad to appease the +monitions of conscience at the least expense of time +and thought. They therefore give freely, but with +too little attention to securing a proper channel for +their bounty. The consequence is that it often runs +in waste places, and feeds intemperance and dishonesty +when it might be made to revive and nourish +the hapless victims of an unmerited poverty. He +then, who hath <i>a bountiful eye</i>, will not only be<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span> +<i>ready to distribute and willing to communicate</i>,<a name="FNanchor_4_4" id="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> but +will also industriously look about for proper objects. +He will cheerfully yield a portion of his time as well +as of his wealth to the work of charity. Remembering +who hath set him the example of <i>going about +doing good</i>, he will not remain inactive upon his station, +and <i>give</i> only <i>to him that asketh</i>, he will in person +seek out the habitations of distress, or will at +least aid with his counsels and labors some of those +benevolent societies, which are now established in +every christian land.<a name="FNanchor_5_5" id="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> I know that the avocations of +business in a mercantile community are oftentimes +urgent, and that time is more valuable than the small +contribution by which exemption from actual labor<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span> +in the cause of charity may be procured. Still however, +the truly benevolent man will not refuse his +personal exertions when he is convinced they can be +serviceable, and the sacrifices he makes and the interest +he feels in the work in which he is engaged, +will afford him pleasures that the passively generous +can never comprehend.</p> + +<p><small>2</small>. But the <i>bountiful eye</i> will not only industriously +search for occupation, it will also exercise a +discriminating watchfulness. How essential is this +to a profitable exercise of charitable distribution. He +who is not aware of the deceptions which are constantly +practised by many of the poor, and of the +injudicious modes which are often adopted for relieving +their wants, must have had but small experience +in this duty. Sound judgment is required, and without +it a liberal and active charity may produce evil +rather than good. Evil to the community, not to the +benevolent individual. If our alms are given with +proper motives, we shall not fail of our reward from +our Heavenly Father, though we fail of doing the +good we intended. We are often deceived; but +this should not be made an argument, as is frequently +the case, for contracting our bounties. It should only +excite us to greater caution. The common applicants +at our doors and in our streets, are in general,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span> +undeserving of the alms which they entreat. This +however, is by no means uniformly their character, +for I have known the most worthy objects, those +whom modesty and a laudable pride had restrained, +until acute distress had fairly driven them forth to +seek needful comforts for the destitute sick, or perhaps, +bread for their famishing children. We must +not, with cruel indifference, drive such away in the +common herd of undeserving beggars. We must +<i>consider the cause of the poor</i>,<a name="FNanchor_6_6" id="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a> as respects their +characters and their condition.</p> + +<p>Perhaps the most discriminating mode of exercising +charity, and one which, if generally adopted, +would almost preclude the necessity for giving to unknown +objects would be this. Let all persons desirous +of performing works of mercy from christian +principle, make an estimate of what they ought to +contribute from the stores with which God has favored +them.<a name="FNanchor_7_7" id="FNanchor_7_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> Let them duly consider the various +claims that are presented to them, and from amongst +the many charitable societies with which we are<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span> +surrounded, let them select the depositaries of their +bounty. Let each family also, according to their +means, select one or more of the poor whom they can +know, and to a certain extent, follow through their +good or ill conduct. These let them regard as a +charge peculiarly committed to them. Let them +become acquainted with the wants, the infirmities, +the troubles, the sorrows of these the poorer members +of their families, united to them by the bonds +of christian relationship. The intercourse will be +mutually salutary. It will produce a fuller and +healthier developement of the christian character than +can be brought out where the ranks in life are kept +in a state of separation by the stern despotism of +artificial distinctions, where there are no opportunities +of passing from one to the other the softening +influence of sympathizing feelings, and where on the +one side pride, luxury and selfishness are nurtured, +and on the other, envy, hatred and discontent. Were +the custom I recommend universally adopted amongst +a christian people, would not extreme distress from +poverty be almost banished from amongst us? Should +we ever be called to endure the pain of beholding +destitute and miserable persons, except where incurable +vice had made them such?</p> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span></p> +<p><small>3</small>. Would not this custom also bring into more +general practice the other characteristic I mentioned +of him who hath <i>a bountiful eye</i>,—giving his +charities with benevolent feelings and kind looks? +We should ever remember, my brethren, that poverty, +though it may clothe a person with rags, does +not always kill the sensibilities of the heart. The +poor are of like passions with ourselves, they like +ourselves, can feel the sting of unkind words, and +the cruel piercings of an evil eye. If we are satisfied +upon any occasion that duty to the general interests +of society requires of us to reject their petitions, +let it never be with a scornful countenance or +angry words. Let our rebukes, if they are needed, +be tempered with mild expressions—they will be +felt with tenfold power. And when we feel called +upon to relieve one who asks for charity, let us not +do it as though our alms were extorted. There are +those who in performing an act of kindness, yet do +it so ungraciously, that it is felt to be no kindness. +And there are on the other hand those, who in giving +a refusal, yet give it without causing pain—sometimes +even they communicate pleasure by showing +sympathy where they cannot administer relief. +The phrase in my text expresses admirably the influence +of such amiable conduct. It is the eye that +speaks cruel sentiments more powerfully than the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span> +tongue, and it is the eye also that reveals the movements +of a noble and generous sympathy. The +<i>bountiful eye</i> then, is the evidence of a humane and +benevolent heart, prompting its possessor to thoughts +and deeds of charity.</p> + +<p class="sp6">2. Need I state to a christian assembly the necessity +laid upon us all to cultivate the character I +have thus attempted briefly to describe? To feed +the hungry, to clothe the naked, to visit and comfort +the sick and the afflicted, is incumbent upon +every man endowed with moral perception, but the +obligations of the christian to pursue this course of +conduct, are most weighty and inalienable. He +cannot shut out from his attention the sufferings and +misfortunes of his brethren of the human family +without renouncing his name, and without forfeiting +his rights to the hopes and promises of the gospel. +Our religion is emphatically the religion of love. +Love is the end of the commandment, the perfection +of the christian character, and the most acceptable +offering we can present to Almighty God. +Upon this principle the poor have a claim,—a claim +stronger than human law could establish upon their +fellow men. We are all the stewards and almoners +of Providence, and a rigid account will be demanded +of those means which were given to us in trust<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span> +for the purposes of beneficence. Let the rich man +ask himself by what means he has been prospered +in life, and inhabits the splendid or the commodious +habitation, while another has been condemned to eat +the bitter bread of poverty. He may reply that he +has been industrious and provident, that he has passed +a life of anxious labor to amass the wealth or the +competency he enjoys. But can he forget that all +his success must at last be referred to the great disposer +of events? Can he be ignorant that it is God +who has filled his basket and his store, who has given +the genial heat and refreshing showers to his +harvest, and guarded them from blasting and mildew, +who has commanded the favoring winds to blow +upon his richly freighted vessels, and has saved them +from rocks and tempests, who has bestowed upon +him his powers of mind, and afforded him health and +opportunity to employ them? Can he be unmindful +of all this when he beholds the fluctuations of prosperity, +and the sudden and unexpected manner in +which it is both given and again taken away? +Surely then the thoughtful and conscientious man +will esteem his possessions, not so much a right +which he has obtained as a trust committed to him, +and he will acknowledge that the strictest justice +approves what religion emphatically demands, that +with <i>a bountiful eye</i> we should look upon the poor +and destitute.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span></p> + +<p>Such is our solemn duty; and it is important that +it should be regarded in this light. Beneficence +should not be merely the overflowing of a generous +heart. This would be an unsafe and uncertain +ground on which to place the principle of charitable +distribution. Interesting objects indeed might not +suffer from it, the orphan, the afflicted widow, decayed +and broken age. Cold and insensible must +be the heart that could shut up its sympathies +from such petitioners. True beneficence however, +cannot always be a delight. "It is not," says a +powerful writer,<a name="FNanchor_8_8" id="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a> "an indulgence to the finer sensibilities +of the mind, but according to the sober declarations +of scripture, a work and a labor, a business +in which you must encounter vexation, opposition, +and fatigue, where you are not always to meet with +that elegance which allures the fancy, or with that +humble and retired adversity which interests the +more tender propensities of the heart, but as a business, +where reluctance must often be overcome by a +sense of duty, and where, though opposed at every +step by envy, disgust and disappointment, you are +bound to persevere in obedience to the law of God, +and the sober instigation of principle." Is it not +well then, my brethren, to establish beneficence +upon the broad ground of christian obligation, rather<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span> +than commend it to you by the high gratifications +which it sometimes affords? Are not the interests +of the poor in this manner more effectually secured? +If the grand principle can be established in your +breasts, that you are to do good not simply because +you delight in this work, but because the dictates of +justice and the laws of God require you to be charitable, +will you not be preserved from the indiscretions +of a heated benevolence on the one hand, and +from the cruelty and consequent punishment of selfishness +and avarice on the other?</p> + +<p class="sp6">3. But are there then any demands made upon +our charity, which when answered can yield us no +reward or blessing? Surely not. Has it not already +been declared that God demands of us no duty +or sacrifice for which he does not offer us an abundant +remuneration? And does he not emphatically +pronounce his blessing upon the virtue I am now +attempting to explain and enforce? "<i>He that hath +a bountiful eye shall be</i> <span class="smcapl">BLESSED</span>." The scriptures +are filled with motives, inducements, promises, encouragements, +addressed to every generous, nay to +every interested feeling. <i>The merciful man doeth +good to his own soul.<a name="FNanchor_9_9" id="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a> He that hath pity upon the +poor lendeth unto the Lord; and that which he hath +given will he pay him again.<a name="FNanchor_10_10" id="FNanchor_10_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a> If thou draw out thy<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span> +soul to the hungry, and satisfy the afflicted soul, then +shall thy light rise in obscurity, and thy darkness be +as the noon day. And the Lord shall guide thee +continually, and satisfy thy soul in drought, and +make fat thy bones; and thou shalt be like a watered +garden, and like a spring of water whose waters +fail not.<a name="FNanchor_11_11" id="FNanchor_11_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_11_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a> Blessed are the merciful; for they shall +obtain mercy.</i><a name="FNanchor_12_12" id="FNanchor_12_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a> Are there not then abundant rewards +promised to deeds of beneficence?—rewards, +how far transcending our best services, how more, +infinitely more than adequate to our most painful +labors, our greatest sacrifices. God has a right to +all we have, for he only lends us all, yet he condescends +to receive a portion from us again, as if a +favor were conferred upon himself, and he has put in +his stead the sick, the naked, the hungry and the +afflicted, and says, <i>inasmuch as ye have done it unto +one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it +unto me</i>.<a name="FNanchor_13_13" id="FNanchor_13_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_13_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a> And not only does he condescend thus +to accept our charitable deeds, but gives them his +blessing and reward. <i>Blessed is he that considereth +the poor; the Lord will deliver him in time of trouble.</i><a name="FNanchor_14_14" id="FNanchor_14_14"></a><a href="#Footnote_14_14" class="fnanchor">[14]</a></p> + +<p>While then, my brethren, we have every encouragement +to persevere in works of beneficence,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span> +though they may be accompanied with labor, and be +repaid with human ingratitude, let us be duly thankful +that there are other occasions on which we can +discharge duty, and at the same time open a source +of the purest and noblest gratification. Yes—painful +as may be some of those walks of charity which +the christian must pursue, and revolting as are some +of those objects which he must encounter, we know +that there are paths for the benevolent where their +footsteps fall pleasantly, and a refreshing fragrance +surrounds them, and smiling objects meet them, and +satisfactions the most delightful, urge them forward. +We can sometimes give, and pleasure shall accompany +the act, and unmingled good shall follow it, +and gratitude shall reward it, and God himself shall +crown it with the brightest wreath. Say I not true +when I speak of giving to the destitute orphan? Is +not this a deed of unalloyed satisfaction, is it not +one upon which the <i>bountiful eye</i> may look to fill +the soul with an unrestrained generosity? Here is +required no cold calculation of the amount of good +to be effected, here is no room for anxious doubt +concerning the result of the benevolent act.</p> + +<p>Asylums for the destitute orphan are among those +institutions which even the severe, and in some respects, +the cold and selfish principles of Political +Economy cannot justly disapprove of. To the truly<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span> +benevolent, and to the pious christian, they have +always been, and must ever be, objects of deep interest. +Other charities may be perverted in some +degree to evil purposes. Their effect may be to encourage +idle and dissolute conduct, and to increase +the evil they would remedy, by operating as a bounty +upon pauperism. To some extent this has been the +effect of alms-houses, and of many of those societies +which, with the best intentions, have been administered +to adult persons. We acknowledge, indeed, +that protection, shelter, and subsistence for the +aged and decrepit, who are past the ability to labor +for their own daily food, medicine and medical advice, +and in cases of absolute poverty, the retreat of +the hospital, are real charities, such as suffering humanity +requires, and pure benevolence will provide +for. But in other cases, it is questionable whether +relief can be given without ill effects, except it be +accompanied with the opportunity and the necessity +for bodily labor. I am not, however, upon the +present occasion to discuss the general question of +charitable societies. It is one of great importance, +and one which we think is not yet generally understood. +Much light has recently been thrown upon +it, especially in this city, by the active and intelligent +exertions and experiments of some of our fellow +citizens,—and it should continue to occupy the serious<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> +attention of our civil authorities, and of every +benevolent and public spirited person.</p> + +<p>But who can doubt about the expediency, as well +as the mercy and christian obligation, of fostering the +poor and helpless orphan, whose natural protectors +have been removed by the Providence of God? +Naked, we must clothe them, for their helplessness +cannot provide for their own covering; hungry, we +must feed them, for they appeal to us with the moaning +cry and innocent tears of childhood; strangers +in this world, but just entered upon it, and left without +a home to receive, or a parent's fostering care to +protect them, we must take them in. We cannot +resist or evade such an appeal, we know that it comes +from a guileless petitioner, whose distresses no vice +of its own has produced, and no exertions of its +own can relieve. Should any one of you in your +walks through our city during its inclement winter +behold a child almost naked, shivering with cold and +fainting with hunger, and did you learn that it had +wandered unprotected from the home where its only +surviving parent had just expired in all the wretchedness +of poverty and disease, and finding its mother's +voice silent, her hands that had cherished it cold, +and her eyes closed, the little one had gone forth +weeping and alone, would any of you refuse it a +home, and food and protection?—It is this sacred duty<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span> +which our Institution has performed for many such +suffering and innocent beings. Where, if not to such +an object, can the heart send forth its sympathies +without restraint, and give itself to all the delights +of a glowing generosity?</p> + +<p>But I need not tell you of these heavenly satisfactions +as I see around me those who have long +known and shared them, for this Institution has, from +its foundation, been a favored and fostered one in our +community. Many are the labors that have cheerfully +been bestowed upon its interests, many and +generous the contributions given to it, and many and +ardent the prayers offered up in its behalf to the +throne of grace. Of those who first united themselves +in this work and labor of love, I find that all +have been removed, and have gone to receive their +eternal reward.</p> + +<p>The last of this respected and excellent band has +recently been summoned away from us, and she went +gently and peacefully, in a blessed old age, in full +preparation, followed by the tears and benedictions +of the widow and the fatherless whom she had relieved, +and in beautiful accordance with the meek, +the honorable, and useful existence, which she had +mercifully been permitted to accomplish. One of +the earliest founders of this Asylum, and for many +years its first Directress, she had uniformly given to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span> +it her countenance and assistance; and dying, bequeathed +to it a generous evidence of her attachment. +Long will her memory be cherished in this +community, as a model of the efficient but unassuming +and lovely graces that constitute the character of +the christian matron; long will it be cherished—and +especially by you, Ladies, the present Managers of +the Asylum, who have been witnesses of the fidelity, +the courtesy, the discretion, the zeal, with which +her duties as associated with you were discharged.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span><a name="FNanchor_15_15" id="FNanchor_15_15"></a><a href="#Footnote_15_15" class="fnanchor">[15]</a> +The Institution has descended to you, the successors +as it were of a blessed company who are now +we trust, in communion with that Saviour, whose +precepts of benevolence they so faithfully fulfilled, +and with that blessed company of the spirits of the +just made perfect, who now surround the throne of +God and the Lamb. You need not our exhortation +that you should walk worthy of their example, but +you will not reject our devout wishes and prayers, +that an equal measure of success may attend your +future labors, and that a heavenly and eternal reward +may hereafter crown them.</p> + +<p>To you, my hearers generally, who have assembled +in honor of the anniversary of our Institution and to +encourage it in its pious labors, would I address a +few words in conclusion. We doubt not your benevolence, +we know that the orphan can never plead +to you in vain, we believe that your hearts will ever +be enlarged in proportion to the urgency of the +claims of the Institution. Its necessities must of +course increase with our rapidly increasing population, +and be assured it can well and judiciously<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span> +employ all the bounty you will bestow upon it. +Should it be possible for any one here present to +feel cold and indifferent to the claims of this Institution, +I would say, realize the pitiable condition +of an orphan infant. To you who are parents +and are watching over your growing offspring, +and can imagine how bitter would be your +distress at the thought of being torn from them—remember, +that these are destitute of a father's protection +and a mother's anxious love. Be ye then +their comfort and their stay. As you look upon your +own offspring, and reflect with gratitude that you are +yet preserved to watch over their tender infancy and +dependant youth, and as you pray that you may still +shelter them until they can withstand the storms and +adversities of life, think how you may repay your +Almighty Benefactor in the persons of those, who +are also his children; think also, how deep will be +your ingratitude, if while so blessed, you can "despise +these little ones." Your children are yet +around you, and you watch over them, but you cannot +pierce into the solemn darkness of futurity—they +may yet be helpless, parentless, friendless,—<i>as +ye would that men should do to you, do ye also to +them likewise</i>.<a name="FNanchor_16_16" id="FNanchor_16_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_16_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a></p> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span></p> +<p>Ye also, who have experienced, and perhaps still +enjoy, the watchful care and affectionate caresses of +devoted parents, forget not that there are those, who +have never rejoiced in the sound of a father's voice, +or a mother's gentle embraces. And can you, who +have known such delights refuse your sympathy to +these children of the most cruel privation? No. You +will remember those, who have been for ever cut off +from the sweetest pleasures of life; whose lips have +never learned to say—"father"—"mother,"—and +to behold the countenances of these dearest friends +lighten up with joy at the sound, and their arms +extended for the fond embrace. You will,—yes my +brethren,—will you not all,—all here present,—remember +them? The <i>bountiful eye</i>, which looks +upon their sad condition, and relieves them, shall be +blessed—blessed of men in their full applause—blessed +in its own soothing approbation, and more +than all, and above all, blessed of the God of all +blessing, now and for ever more. Amen.</p> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> Proverbs xxiii. 6, 7.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Proverbs xxviii. 22.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> Deuteronomy xv. 7-10.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> 1 Timothy vi. 18.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> The Board of Visitors of the Poor, as established in this city, is one of the +most practically useful institutions which the modern spirit of enlightened charity +has devised. Its object is not merely to search out the sick and needy and to relieve +them, but also to investigate the claims of any applicants for charity that +may be recommended to it, and thus to prevent impositions as far as practicable. +Every family that has not time to disburse its charities under the superintendence +of its own members, should be in communication with this Board. Measures +are now in progress to organize a system, which shall render this Institution +more effective even than it has yet been, in accomplishing the important purposes +for which it was established. When completed, public notice will be given. Let +every benevolent individual in our community then come forward and give this +system his countenance and pecuniary support; and let all resolve by a united +effort to do away the baleful influence of a tolerated pauperism, by detecting and +discountenancing every vicious and unworthy applicant for charity, and by industriously +searching out and promptly relieving every real and deserving object of +distress.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> Proverbs xxix. 7.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_7_7" id="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> The custom recommended by St. Paul to the Galatians and Corinthians, as +we learn from 1 Corinthians xvi. 1, 2. has recently been brought into prominent +notice, and begins to be practiced in the Episcopal Church, especially as applicable +to the cause of missions. Why should it not be adopted in all Christian families, +and thus let the principle—the sound and effective principle—of <i>systematic</i> +charity be extensively established amongst us.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_8_8" id="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> Dr. Chalmers.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_9_9" id="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> Proverbs, xi. 17.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_10_10" id="Footnote_10_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10_10"><span class="label">[10]</span></a> Same, xix. 17.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_11_11" id="Footnote_11_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> Isaiah, lviii. 10, 11.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_12_12" id="Footnote_12_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12_12"><span class="label">[12]</span></a> Matthew, v. 7.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_13_13" id="Footnote_13_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13_13"><span class="label">[13]</span></a> Matthew, xxv. 40.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_14_14" id="Footnote_14_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14_14"><span class="label">[14]</span></a> Psalms, xli. 1.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_15_15" id="Footnote_15_15"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15_15"><span class="label">[15]</span></a> Mrs. <span class="smcap">Sarah Parkman</span>, the relict of Samuel Parkman, Esq., one of the +most distinguished of the merchants of this city. Those who knew her, and have +seen how faithfully, affectionately, and judiciously she discharged the duties of a +daughter, a wife, a parent to her own offspring, and a mother to many others, +who with her own children, have abundant reason to "rise up and call her blessed;" +or who have learned from report the leading events of her virtuous, benevolent +and active life, will esteem the humble tribute thus paid to her memory, as +proceeding from an estimate of her excellencies by no means exaggerated. As +an evidence of the value of her services to the Asylum, the following extract has, +by permission, been taken from the Minutes of the Board of Managers:— +</p><p> +<i>At a meeting of the Board of Managers of the Boston Female Asylum, held +on the last Tuesday of July, 1835,—</i> +</p><p> +<span class="smcap">Voted</span>, That the Managers are deeply sensible of the loss sustained since the +last meeting, in the death of their excellent First Directress, Mrs. Sarah Parkman, +the last who remained at the Board, of its original members, and for the last +fourteen years its presiding Officer. That they hold in affectionate remembrance +her gentleness, her charity, her thoughtfulness for others, her constant endeavor to +do good; and it may be permitted to add,—for it was a conspicuous trait in her +character,—the sincerity of heart with which, in all her varied intercourse, she +followed the apostolic injunction, "be courteous." +</p><p> +Also, that they acknowledge with much gratitude to her, and to the children by +whom her wishes were so promptly fulfilled, the receipt of Five Hundred Dollars, +the last testimony of her interest in an Institution, which, from its foundation, has +owed so much to her labors, her counsels, and the liberality, which even in death, +did not fail. +</p> +<hr class="min" /> +<p> +Since the establishment of the Asylum in 1800, 357 children have been admitted. +Of these, 273 have been placed at service, or otherwise removed; 13 have +died, and 71 remained in the Asylum, on the 35th anniversary.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_16_16" id="Footnote_16_16"></a><a href="#FNanchor_16_16"><span class="label">[16]</span></a> Luke xvi. 31.</p></div></div> + +<div class="trans1"><b>Transcriber's Note:</b><br /> +Minor typographical errors have been corrected without note. +Archaic and variant spellings have been retained. +Capitalisation of religious terms remain as printed.</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Sermon Preached on the Anniversary +of the Boston Female Asylum for Destitute Orphans, September 25, 1835, by Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SERMON - BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM *** + +***** This file should be named 24404-h.htm or 24404-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/4/0/24404/ + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Stephen Blundell and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: A Sermon Preached on the Anniversary of the Boston Female Asylum for Destitute Orphans, September 25, 1835 + +Author: Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright + +Release Date: January 22, 2008 [EBook #24404] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SERMON - BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM *** + + + + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Stephen Blundell and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + + + + + + + + + A + + SERMON + + PREACHED ON THE ANNIVERSARY + + OF THE + + BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM + + FOR + + DESTITUTE ORPHANS, + + SEPTEMBER 25, 1835. + + + PUBLISHED BY REQUEST OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. + + + BY JONATHAN M. WAINWRIGHT, D. D. + Rector of Trinity Church, Boston. + + + Boston. + DUTTON AND WENTWORTH, PRINTERS, + Nos. 10 & 12, Exchange Street, + 1835. + + + + +TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. + + +LADIES, + +Upon your first application to me for a copy of this sermon to be +printed, I respectfully declined giving it, because it was not prepared +with the slightest reference to such a result, and more especially +because it has been my uniform practice to abstain from appearing in +this way before the public, when I could with propriety do so. To your +renewed request, and the reasons you state for making it, I feel myself +constrained to yield, although my own conviction in regard both to the +character of the discourse itself, and to the inexpediency of such +publications, except in very special cases, remains the same. If, +however, its possession, as you imply, can afford gratification to any +one interested in your most excellent institution, I ought not perhaps +to be longer influenced by a consideration which relates merely to +myself in withholding it. I therefore commit it to you, and am, + + With the greatest respect, + + Your friend and servant, + + JONA. M. WAINWRIGHT. + +BOSTON, OCTOBER 6, 1835. + + + + +SERMON. + +PROVERBS, XXII. 9. + + "He that hath a bountiful eye shall be blessed; for he giveth of his + bread to the poor." + + +How merciful and gracious is our Heavenly Father in presenting to us his +commandments, united with the promise of ample rewards to those who will +obey them. As the author of our being, the creator and preserver of our +means of existence, and our sources of happiness, he has an unqualified +right to our constant obedience and our best services. Yet he treats us +as if we were in a measure independent of him, and as if our faculties +and possessions were an underived property, for he demands of us no duty +or sacrifice for which he does not offer an abundant remuneration. And +even to the performance of those duties which are in themselves a source +of gratification to the well regulated mind, the inducements are greatly +increased by appendant promises. We might not think it remarkable that +labor and sacrifices, and self-denial, should be encouraged by the hope +of reward; but even the delightful offices of mercy and charity will be +remunerated, and heavenly blessings will hereafter be showered upon the +heads of those who may now be enjoying the luxury of doing good. Surely +I address myself to those who know that there is a pleasure in deeds of +beneficence,--a pleasure the noblest and most delightful of which our +nature is susceptible. And you my brethren, must have had experience of +this sentiment, or vain will be my efforts to unfold to you the subject +that is before me. I appear in behalf of the destitute orphan, and if I +thought I had need to convince you that there is a sweet and abiding +satisfaction in relieving those who are truly objects of charity, I +should be utterly discouraged at the outset. But such is not to be my +ungrateful task; for I see around me those who I doubt not have often +realized the pleasures of beneficence, and have often bestowed their +charities upon the simple impulse of generous feeling. I would now, +however, present to you a more exalted motive to beneficence than its +secret pleasures. I would show you that it is not simply a gratification +you can enjoy, but a solemn duty which you must perform; and therefore +that your charities are not to be governed by momentary impulses, but by +settled principles, and that you are to do good not merely because you +take delight in it, but that you may secure the favor of God who has +commanded this service. And as I have observed that where our Heavenly +Father has put forth a commandment, he has also annexed a reward to +induce us to obey it, so in our text the duty of beneficence is +presented in the form of a beatitude, like the introductory precepts of +our blessed Lord's sermon on the mount. "He that hath a bountiful eye +shall be BLESSED." + +I propose, first, briefly to explain this duty, then to state its +obligation, and lastly to allude to the blessing promised in connexion +with it. + + +1. The expression of my text is peculiar. We hear in common speech of a +liberal or open hand as the characteristic of a benevolent man; but the +phrase, a bountiful eye, belongs alone to the sacred scriptures. There +also the opposite character of avarice and cruelty is represented by a +figure drawn from the same source. In the book from which my text is +selected, we are warned not to partake of the offered banquet of him who +spreads his table by constraint, and with ostentatious or mercenary +views, and not from the impulse of an hospitable spirit. _Eat thou not +the bread of him that hath an evil eye, neither desire thou his dainty +meats: For as he thinketh in his heart so is he: Eat and drink saith he +to thee; but his heart is not with thee._[1] And again the character +and punishment of the man who is so anxious to acquire wealth as to +disregard the principles of honesty and the claims of charity is thus +described. _He that hasteth to be rich hath an evil eye, and considereth +not that poverty shall come upon him._[2] In the book of Deuteronomy too +where the law of conduct towards the poor is laid down, and the rich are +commanded not to take advantage of their necessities we read--_If there +be among you a poor man of one of thy brethren, within any of thy gates, +in thy land which the Lord thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden +thine heart, nor shut thine hand, from thy poor brother. But thou shalt +open thine hand wide unto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for +his need, in that which he wanteth. Beware that there be not a thought +in thy wicked heart, saying, the seventh year, the year of release is at +hand; and thine eye be evil against thy poor brother, and thou givest +him nought, and he cry unto the Lord against thee, and it be sin unto +thee. Thou shalt surely give him, and thine heart shall not be grieved +when thou givest unto him._[3] As the evil eye was descriptive of a +selfish, hard hearted, avaricious temper, so the bountiful eye was meant +to represent the virtues of a humane and generous man. A phrase more +expressive, could not be selected to describe an ardent and enlightened +beneficence. A liberal hand, signifies merely generosity in giving, but +_a bountiful eye_ implies not simply this, but also industry in looking +about for objects of distress, and discrimination in the mode of +relieving them, and tenderness and kind expressions accompanying our +charities. All these are essential features of true christian +beneficence. + +1. To give of our money, is perhaps, the very least praise-worthy part, +and certainly the part of easiest performance in the way of charity. +Many there are who yield to the solicitation of an object of distress, +or to an application from the agent of some charitable society merely +that they may escape from painful importunity. Others again, who feel +and acknowledge the obligation of sharing a portion of their wealth with +the poor, are yet glad to appease the monitions of conscience at the +least expense of time and thought. They therefore give freely, but with +too little attention to securing a proper channel for their bounty. The +consequence is that it often runs in waste places, and feeds +intemperance and dishonesty when it might be made to revive and nourish +the hapless victims of an unmerited poverty. He then, who hath _a +bountiful eye_, will not only be _ready to distribute and willing to +communicate_,[4] but will also industriously look about for proper +objects. He will cheerfully yield a portion of his time as well as of +his wealth to the work of charity. Remembering who hath set him the +example of _going about doing good_, he will not remain inactive upon +his station, and _give_ only _to him that asketh_, he will in person +seek out the habitations of distress, or will at least aid with his +counsels and labors some of those benevolent societies, which are now +established in every christian land.[5] I know that the avocations of +business in a mercantile community are oftentimes urgent, and that time +is more valuable than the small contribution by which exemption from +actual labor in the cause of charity may be procured. Still however, +the truly benevolent man will not refuse his personal exertions when he +is convinced they can be serviceable, and the sacrifices he makes and +the interest he feels in the work in which he is engaged, will afford +him pleasures that the passively generous can never comprehend. + +2. But the _bountiful eye_ will not only industriously search for +occupation, it will also exercise a discriminating watchfulness. How +essential is this to a profitable exercise of charitable distribution. +He who is not aware of the deceptions which are constantly practised by +many of the poor, and of the injudicious modes which are often adopted +for relieving their wants, must have had but small experience in this +duty. Sound judgment is required, and without it a liberal and active +charity may produce evil rather than good. Evil to the community, not to +the benevolent individual. If our alms are given with proper motives, we +shall not fail of our reward from our Heavenly Father, though we fail of +doing the good we intended. We are often deceived; but this should not +be made an argument, as is frequently the case, for contracting our +bounties. It should only excite us to greater caution. The common +applicants at our doors and in our streets, are in general, undeserving +of the alms which they entreat. This however, is by no means uniformly +their character, for I have known the most worthy objects, those whom +modesty and a laudable pride had restrained, until acute distress had +fairly driven them forth to seek needful comforts for the destitute +sick, or perhaps, bread for their famishing children. We must not, with +cruel indifference, drive such away in the common herd of undeserving +beggars. We must _consider the cause of the poor_,[6] as respects their +characters and their condition. + +Perhaps the most discriminating mode of exercising charity, and one +which, if generally adopted, would almost preclude the necessity for +giving to unknown objects would be this. Let all persons desirous of +performing works of mercy from christian principle, make an estimate of +what they ought to contribute from the stores with which God has favored +them.[7] Let them duly consider the various claims that are presented to +them, and from amongst the many charitable societies with which we are +surrounded, let them select the depositaries of their bounty. Let each +family also, according to their means, select one or more of the poor +whom they can know, and to a certain extent, follow through their good +or ill conduct. These let them regard as a charge peculiarly committed +to them. Let them become acquainted with the wants, the infirmities, the +troubles, the sorrows of these the poorer members of their families, +united to them by the bonds of christian relationship. The intercourse +will be mutually salutary. It will produce a fuller and healthier +developement of the christian character than can be brought out where +the ranks in life are kept in a state of separation by the stern +despotism of artificial distinctions, where there are no opportunities +of passing from one to the other the softening influence of sympathizing +feelings, and where on the one side pride, luxury and selfishness are +nurtured, and on the other, envy, hatred and discontent. Were the custom +I recommend universally adopted amongst a christian people, would not +extreme distress from poverty be almost banished from amongst us? Should +we ever be called to endure the pain of beholding destitute and +miserable persons, except where incurable vice had made them such? + +3. Would not this custom also bring into more general practice the other +characteristic I mentioned of him who hath _a bountiful eye_,--giving +his charities with benevolent feelings and kind looks? We should ever +remember, my brethren, that poverty, though it may clothe a person with +rags, does not always kill the sensibilities of the heart. The poor are +of like passions with ourselves, they like ourselves, can feel the sting +of unkind words, and the cruel piercings of an evil eye. If we are +satisfied upon any occasion that duty to the general interests of +society requires of us to reject their petitions, let it never be with a +scornful countenance or angry words. Let our rebukes, if they are +needed, be tempered with mild expressions--they will be felt with +tenfold power. And when we feel called upon to relieve one who asks for +charity, let us not do it as though our alms were extorted. There are +those who in performing an act of kindness, yet do it so ungraciously, +that it is felt to be no kindness. And there are on the other hand +those, who in giving a refusal, yet give it without causing +pain--sometimes even they communicate pleasure by showing sympathy where +they cannot administer relief. The phrase in my text expresses admirably +the influence of such amiable conduct. It is the eye that speaks cruel +sentiments more powerfully than the tongue, and it is the eye also that +reveals the movements of a noble and generous sympathy. The _bountiful +eye_ then, is the evidence of a humane and benevolent heart, prompting +its possessor to thoughts and deeds of charity. + + +2. Need I state to a christian assembly the necessity laid upon us all +to cultivate the character I have thus attempted briefly to describe? To +feed the hungry, to clothe the naked, to visit and comfort the sick and +the afflicted, is incumbent upon every man endowed with moral +perception, but the obligations of the christian to pursue this course +of conduct, are most weighty and inalienable. He cannot shut out from +his attention the sufferings and misfortunes of his brethren of the +human family without renouncing his name, and without forfeiting his +rights to the hopes and promises of the gospel. Our religion is +emphatically the religion of love. Love is the end of the commandment, +the perfection of the christian character, and the most acceptable +offering we can present to Almighty God. Upon this principle the poor +have a claim,--a claim stronger than human law could establish upon +their fellow men. We are all the stewards and almoners of Providence, +and a rigid account will be demanded of those means which were given to +us in trust for the purposes of beneficence. Let the rich man ask +himself by what means he has been prospered in life, and inhabits the +splendid or the commodious habitation, while another has been condemned +to eat the bitter bread of poverty. He may reply that he has been +industrious and provident, that he has passed a life of anxious labor to +amass the wealth or the competency he enjoys. But can he forget that all +his success must at last be referred to the great disposer of events? +Can he be ignorant that it is God who has filled his basket and his +store, who has given the genial heat and refreshing showers to his +harvest, and guarded them from blasting and mildew, who has commanded +the favoring winds to blow upon his richly freighted vessels, and has +saved them from rocks and tempests, who has bestowed upon him his powers +of mind, and afforded him health and opportunity to employ them? Can he +be unmindful of all this when he beholds the fluctuations of prosperity, +and the sudden and unexpected manner in which it is both given and again +taken away? Surely then the thoughtful and conscientious man will esteem +his possessions, not so much a right which he has obtained as a trust +committed to him, and he will acknowledge that the strictest justice +approves what religion emphatically demands, that with _a bountiful eye_ +we should look upon the poor and destitute. + +Such is our solemn duty; and it is important that it should be regarded +in this light. Beneficence should not be merely the overflowing of a +generous heart. This would be an unsafe and uncertain ground on which to +place the principle of charitable distribution. Interesting objects +indeed might not suffer from it, the orphan, the afflicted widow, +decayed and broken age. Cold and insensible must be the heart that could +shut up its sympathies from such petitioners. True beneficence however, +cannot always be a delight. "It is not," says a powerful writer,[8] "an +indulgence to the finer sensibilities of the mind, but according to the +sober declarations of scripture, a work and a labor, a business in which +you must encounter vexation, opposition, and fatigue, where you are not +always to meet with that elegance which allures the fancy, or with that +humble and retired adversity which interests the more tender +propensities of the heart, but as a business, where reluctance must +often be overcome by a sense of duty, and where, though opposed at every +step by envy, disgust and disappointment, you are bound to persevere in +obedience to the law of God, and the sober instigation of principle." Is +it not well then, my brethren, to establish beneficence upon the broad +ground of christian obligation, rather than commend it to you by the +high gratifications which it sometimes affords? Are not the interests of +the poor in this manner more effectually secured? If the grand principle +can be established in your breasts, that you are to do good not simply +because you delight in this work, but because the dictates of justice +and the laws of God require you to be charitable, will you not be +preserved from the indiscretions of a heated benevolence on the one +hand, and from the cruelty and consequent punishment of selfishness and +avarice on the other? + + +3. But are there then any demands made upon our charity, which when +answered can yield us no reward or blessing? Surely not. Has it not +already been declared that God demands of us no duty or sacrifice for +which he does not offer us an abundant remuneration? And does he not +emphatically pronounce his blessing upon the virtue I am now attempting +to explain and enforce? "_He that hath a bountiful eye shall be_ +BLESSED." The scriptures are filled with motives, inducements, promises, +encouragements, addressed to every generous, nay to every interested +feeling. _The merciful man doeth good to his own soul.[9] He that hath +pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord; and that which he hath given +will he pay him again.[10] If thou draw out thy soul to the hungry, and +satisfy the afflicted soul, then shall thy light rise in obscurity, and +thy darkness be as the noon day. And the Lord shall guide thee +continually, and satisfy thy soul in drought, and make fat thy bones; +and thou shalt be like a watered garden, and like a spring of water +whose waters fail not.[11] Blessed are the merciful; for they shall +obtain mercy._[12] Are there not then abundant rewards promised to deeds +of beneficence?--rewards, how far transcending our best services, how +more, infinitely more than adequate to our most painful labors, our +greatest sacrifices. God has a right to all we have, for he only lends +us all, yet he condescends to receive a portion from us again, as if a +favor were conferred upon himself, and he has put in his stead the sick, +the naked, the hungry and the afflicted, and says, _inasmuch as ye have +done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto +me_.[13] And not only does he condescend thus to accept our charitable +deeds, but gives them his blessing and reward. _Blessed is he that +considereth the poor; the Lord will deliver him in time of trouble._[14] + +While then, my brethren, we have every encouragement to persevere in +works of beneficence, though they may be accompanied with labor, and be +repaid with human ingratitude, let us be duly thankful that there are +other occasions on which we can discharge duty, and at the same time +open a source of the purest and noblest gratification. Yes--painful as +may be some of those walks of charity which the christian must pursue, +and revolting as are some of those objects which he must encounter, we +know that there are paths for the benevolent where their footsteps fall +pleasantly, and a refreshing fragrance surrounds them, and smiling +objects meet them, and satisfactions the most delightful, urge them +forward. We can sometimes give, and pleasure shall accompany the act, +and unmingled good shall follow it, and gratitude shall reward it, and +God himself shall crown it with the brightest wreath. Say I not true +when I speak of giving to the destitute orphan? Is not this a deed of +unalloyed satisfaction, is it not one upon which the _bountiful eye_ may +look to fill the soul with an unrestrained generosity? Here is required +no cold calculation of the amount of good to be effected, here is no +room for anxious doubt concerning the result of the benevolent act. + +Asylums for the destitute orphan are among those institutions which even +the severe, and in some respects, the cold and selfish principles of +Political Economy cannot justly disapprove of. To the truly benevolent, +and to the pious christian, they have always been, and must ever be, +objects of deep interest. Other charities may be perverted in some +degree to evil purposes. Their effect may be to encourage idle and +dissolute conduct, and to increase the evil they would remedy, by +operating as a bounty upon pauperism. To some extent this has been the +effect of alms-houses, and of many of those societies which, with the +best intentions, have been administered to adult persons. We +acknowledge, indeed, that protection, shelter, and subsistence for the +aged and decrepit, who are past the ability to labor for their own daily +food, medicine and medical advice, and in cases of absolute poverty, the +retreat of the hospital, are real charities, such as suffering humanity +requires, and pure benevolence will provide for. But in other cases, it +is questionable whether relief can be given without ill effects, except +it be accompanied with the opportunity and the necessity for bodily +labor. I am not, however, upon the present occasion to discuss the +general question of charitable societies. It is one of great importance, +and one which we think is not yet generally understood. Much light has +recently been thrown upon it, especially in this city, by the active and +intelligent exertions and experiments of some of our fellow +citizens,--and it should continue to occupy the serious attention of +our civil authorities, and of every benevolent and public spirited +person. + +But who can doubt about the expediency, as well as the mercy and +christian obligation, of fostering the poor and helpless orphan, whose +natural protectors have been removed by the Providence of God? Naked, we +must clothe them, for their helplessness cannot provide for their own +covering; hungry, we must feed them, for they appeal to us with the +moaning cry and innocent tears of childhood; strangers in this world, +but just entered upon it, and left without a home to receive, or a +parent's fostering care to protect them, we must take them in. We cannot +resist or evade such an appeal, we know that it comes from a guileless +petitioner, whose distresses no vice of its own has produced, and no +exertions of its own can relieve. Should any one of you in your walks +through our city during its inclement winter behold a child almost +naked, shivering with cold and fainting with hunger, and did you learn +that it had wandered unprotected from the home where its only surviving +parent had just expired in all the wretchedness of poverty and disease, +and finding its mother's voice silent, her hands that had cherished it +cold, and her eyes closed, the little one had gone forth weeping and +alone, would any of you refuse it a home, and food and protection?--It +is this sacred duty which our Institution has performed for many such +suffering and innocent beings. Where, if not to such an object, can the +heart send forth its sympathies without restraint, and give itself to +all the delights of a glowing generosity? + +But I need not tell you of these heavenly satisfactions as I see around +me those who have long known and shared them, for this Institution has, +from its foundation, been a favored and fostered one in our community. +Many are the labors that have cheerfully been bestowed upon its +interests, many and generous the contributions given to it, and many and +ardent the prayers offered up in its behalf to the throne of grace. Of +those who first united themselves in this work and labor of love, I find +that all have been removed, and have gone to receive their eternal +reward. + +The last of this respected and excellent band has recently been summoned +away from us, and she went gently and peacefully, in a blessed old age, +in full preparation, followed by the tears and benedictions of the widow +and the fatherless whom she had relieved, and in beautiful accordance +with the meek, the honorable, and useful existence, which she had +mercifully been permitted to accomplish. One of the earliest founders of +this Asylum, and for many years its first Directress, she had uniformly +given to it her countenance and assistance; and dying, bequeathed to it +a generous evidence of her attachment. Long will her memory be cherished +in this community, as a model of the efficient but unassuming and lovely +graces that constitute the character of the christian matron; long will +it be cherished--and especially by you, Ladies, the present Managers of +the Asylum, who have been witnesses of the fidelity, the courtesy, the +discretion, the zeal, with which her duties as associated with you were +discharged.[15] The Institution has descended to you, the successors as +it were of a blessed company who are now we trust, in communion with +that Saviour, whose precepts of benevolence they so faithfully +fulfilled, and with that blessed company of the spirits of the just made +perfect, who now surround the throne of God and the Lamb. You need not +our exhortation that you should walk worthy of their example, but you +will not reject our devout wishes and prayers, that an equal measure of +success may attend your future labors, and that a heavenly and eternal +reward may hereafter crown them. + +To you, my hearers generally, who have assembled in honor of the +anniversary of our Institution and to encourage it in its pious labors, +would I address a few words in conclusion. We doubt not your +benevolence, we know that the orphan can never plead to you in vain, we +believe that your hearts will ever be enlarged in proportion to the +urgency of the claims of the Institution. Its necessities must of course +increase with our rapidly increasing population, and be assured it can +well and judiciously employ all the bounty you will bestow upon it. +Should it be possible for any one here present to feel cold and +indifferent to the claims of this Institution, I would say, realize the +pitiable condition of an orphan infant. To you who are parents and are +watching over your growing offspring, and can imagine how bitter would +be your distress at the thought of being torn from them--remember, that +these are destitute of a father's protection and a mother's anxious +love. Be ye then their comfort and their stay. As you look upon your own +offspring, and reflect with gratitude that you are yet preserved to +watch over their tender infancy and dependant youth, and as you pray +that you may still shelter them until they can withstand the storms and +adversities of life, think how you may repay your Almighty Benefactor in +the persons of those, who are also his children; think also, how deep +will be your ingratitude, if while so blessed, you can "despise these +little ones." Your children are yet around you, and you watch over them, +but you cannot pierce into the solemn darkness of futurity--they may yet +be helpless, parentless, friendless,--_as ye would that men should do to +you, do ye also to them likewise_.[16] + +Ye also, who have experienced, and perhaps still enjoy, the watchful +care and affectionate caresses of devoted parents, forget not that there +are those, who have never rejoiced in the sound of a father's voice, or +a mother's gentle embraces. And can you, who have known such delights +refuse your sympathy to these children of the most cruel privation? No. +You will remember those, who have been for ever cut off from the +sweetest pleasures of life; whose lips have never learned to +say--"father"--"mother,"--and to behold the countenances of these +dearest friends lighten up with joy at the sound, and their arms +extended for the fond embrace. You will,--yes my brethren,--will you not +all,--all here present,--remember them? The _bountiful eye_, which looks +upon their sad condition, and relieves them, shall be blessed--blessed +of men in their full applause--blessed in its own soothing approbation, +and more than all, and above all, blessed of the God of all blessing, +now and for ever more. Amen. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[1] Proverbs xxiii. 6, 7. + +[2] Proverbs xxviii. 22. + +[3] Deuteronomy xv. 7-10. + +[4] 1 Timothy vi. 18. + +[5] The Board of Visitors of the Poor, as established in this city, is +one of the most practically useful institutions which the modern spirit +of enlightened charity has devised. Its object is not merely to search +out the sick and needy and to relieve them, but also to investigate the +claims of any applicants for charity that may be recommended to it, and +thus to prevent impositions as far as practicable. Every family that has +not time to disburse its charities under the superintendence of its own +members, should be in communication with this Board. Measures are now in +progress to organize a system, which shall render this Institution more +effective even than it has yet been, in accomplishing the important +purposes for which it was established. When completed, public notice +will be given. Let every benevolent individual in our community then +come forward and give this system his countenance and pecuniary support; +and let all resolve by a united effort to do away the baleful influence +of a tolerated pauperism, by detecting and discountenancing every +vicious and unworthy applicant for charity, and by industriously +searching out and promptly relieving every real and deserving object of +distress. + +[6] Proverbs xxix. 7. + +[7] The custom recommended by St. Paul to the Galatians and Corinthians, +as we learn from 1 Corinthians xvi. 1, 2. has recently been brought into +prominent notice, and begins to be practiced in the Episcopal Church, +especially as applicable to the cause of missions. Why should it not be +adopted in all Christian families, and thus let the principle--the sound +and effective principle--of _systematic_ charity be extensively +established amongst us. + +[8] Dr. Chalmers. + +[9] Proverbs, xi. 17. + +[10] Same, xix. 17. + +[11] Isaiah, lviii. 10, 11. + +[12] Matthew, v. 7. + +[13] Matthew, xxv. 40. + +[14] Psalms, xli. 1. + +[15] Mrs. SARAH PARKMAN, the relict of Samuel Parkman, Esq., one of the +most distinguished of the merchants of this city. Those who knew her, +and have seen how faithfully, affectionately, and judiciously she +discharged the duties of a daughter, a wife, a parent to her own +offspring, and a mother to many others, who with her own children, have +abundant reason to "rise up and call her blessed;" or who have learned +from report the leading events of her virtuous, benevolent and active +life, will esteem the humble tribute thus paid to her memory, as +proceeding from an estimate of her excellencies by no means exaggerated. +As an evidence of the value of her services to the Asylum, the following +extract has, by permission, been taken from the Minutes of the Board of +Managers:-- + +_At a meeting of the Board of Managers of the Boston Female Asylum, held +on the last Tuesday of July, 1835,--_ + +VOTED, That the Managers are deeply sensible of the loss sustained since +the last meeting, in the death of their excellent First Directress, Mrs. +Sarah Parkman, the last who remained at the Board, of its original +members, and for the last fourteen years its presiding Officer. That +they hold in affectionate remembrance her gentleness, her charity, her +thoughtfulness for others, her constant endeavor to do good; and it may +be permitted to add,--for it was a conspicuous trait in her +character,--the sincerity of heart with which, in all her varied +intercourse, she followed the apostolic injunction, "be courteous." + +Also, that they acknowledge with much gratitude to her, and to the +children by whom her wishes were so promptly fulfilled, the receipt of +Five Hundred Dollars, the last testimony of her interest in an +Institution, which, from its foundation, has owed so much to her labors, +her counsels, and the liberality, which even in death, did not fail. + + * * * * * + +Since the establishment of the Asylum in 1800, 357 children have been +admitted. Of these, 273 have been placed at service, or otherwise +removed; 13 have died, and 71 remained in the Asylum, on the 35th +anniversary. + +[16] Luke xvi. 31. + + + + +Transcriber's Note: + + Minor typographical errors have been corrected without note. Archaic + and variant spellings have been retained. Capitalisation of + religious terms remain as printed. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Sermon Preached on the Anniversary +of the Boston Female Asylum for Destitute Orphans, September 25, 1835, by Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SERMON - BOSTON FEMALE ASYLUM *** + +***** This file should be named 24404.txt or 24404.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/4/0/24404/ + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Stephen Blundell and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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