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diff --git a/26665-h/26665-h.htm b/26665-h/26665-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6398052 --- /dev/null +++ b/26665-h/26665-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1271 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Cause of it All, by Leo Tolstoy</title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + body { margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } + + p { margin-top: .75em; + text-align: justify; + margin-bottom: .75em; + } + + h1, h2 { text-align: center; + clear: both; + margin-top: 0em; + } + h2 { margin-bottom: 1.5em; font-size: x-large; font-weight: normal; } + .new-h2 { margin-top: 6em; } + + ins { text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dashed #039; } + + .scene { font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 2em; } + .speaker { font-size: 0.85em; font-style: normal; } + + .center { text-align: center; } + + .pagenum { position: absolute; + display: inline; + right: 8%; + font-size: x-small; + text-align: right; + color: #808080; + font-style: normal; + border: 1px solid silver; + padding: 1px 4px 1px 4px; + font-variant: normal; + font-weight: normal; + text-decoration: none; + text-indent: 0em; + } + + .footnotes { border: 1px dashed #808080; margin-top: 6em; margin-bottom: 120px; padding: 20px; } + .footnote { margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%; text-align: justify; } + .footnote .label, + .fnanchor { vertical-align: super; text-decoration: none; font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } + + #tnote { width: 30em; + border: 1px dashed #808080; + background-color: #f6f6f6; + text-align: justify; + padding: 0.5em; + margin: 120px auto 120px auto; + } + #tnote hr { width: 4em; height: 1px; color: black; background-color: black; border: none; } +// --> +/* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Cause of it All, by Leo Tolstoy + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Cause of it All + +Author: Leo Tolstoy + +Translator: Louise Maude + Aylmer Maude + +Release Date: September 20, 2008 [EBook #26665] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE CAUSE OF IT ALL *** + + + + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Jana Srna and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div id="tnote"><p class="center" style="font-weight: bold;">Transcriber's Note:</p> +<p>This e-book belongs to Tolstoy's <cite>Plays (Complete Edition)</cite>. +The front matter, including the table of contents, can be found in a +<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/26660/26660-h/26660-h.htm">separate e-book</a>; +it links to the other plays in the collection.</p> +<hr/> +<p>Every effort has been made to replicate this text as faithfully as +possible; changes (corrections of spelling and punctuation) made to +the original text are marked <ins title="transcriber's note">like this</ins>. +The original text appears when hovering the cursor over the marked text.</p></div> + + +<h1 style="line-height: 2em; font-size: large; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 120px;"><big style="font-size: 1.3em;">THE CAUSE OF IT ALL</big><br/> + +<i>A PLAY IN TWO ACTS</i></h1> + + +<div class="new-h2"> </div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_304">304</a></span></p> +<h2>CHARACTERS</h2> + + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> <i>An old woman of seventy, brisk, dignified, old-fashioned.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> <i>Her son, thirty-five years old, passionate, self-satisfied, +vain and strong.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> <i>Her daughter-in-law, a grumbler, speaks much and +rapidly.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">PARÁSHKA.</span> <i>Ten years old, daughter of Martha and Michael.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> <i>The village elder's assistant, speaks slowly and gives +himself airs.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">A TRAMP.</span> <i>Forty years old, restless, thin, speaks impressively; +when drunk is particularly free and easy.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> <i>Forty years old, a buffoon, merry and stupid.</i></p> + + + +<div class="new-h2"> </div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_305">305</a></span></p> +<p class="center" style="font-size: x-large; margin-top: 0em;">THE CAUSE OF IT ALL</p> + + + +<div class="new-h2"> </div> +<h2>ACT I</h2> + +<p class="scene">Autumn. A peasant's hut, with a small room partitioned off. +Akulína sits spinning; Martha the housewife is kneading +bread; little Paráshka is rocking a cradle.</p> + + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Oh dear, my heart feels heavy! I know it +means trouble; there's nothing to keep him there. It +will again be like the other day, when he went to town +to sell the firewood and drank nearly half of it. And he +blames me for everything.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Why look for trouble? It is still early, and +the town is a long way off. For the present …</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> What do you mean by early? Akímych is back +already. He started after Michael but Michael's not +back yet! It's worry worry all day long; that's all the +pleasure one gets.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Akímych took his load straight to a customer; +but our man took his to sell at the market.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> If he were alone I shouldn't worry, but Ignát +is with him; and when he's with that <ins title="lousey">lousy</ins> hound (God +forgive me!), he's sure to get drunk. Early and late one +toils and moils. Everything is on our shoulders! If one +only got anything by it! But no! hustling about all day +long is all the pleasure one gets.</p> + +<p><i>Door opens and Tarás enters with a ragged Tramp.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_306">306</a></span> +<span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> Good day to you! I've brought a man who +wants a night's lodging.<a name="FNanchor_1_1" href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>bows</i>] My respects to you.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Why do you bring them to us so often? We +put up a tramp last Wednesday night; you always bring +them to us. You should make Stepanída put them up; +there are no children there. It's more than I can do to +look after my own family, and you always bring these +people to us.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> Everyone in turn has to put them up.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> It's all very well to say “everyone in turn,” +but I have children, and besides, the master is not at +home to-day.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> Never mind, let the fellow sleep here to-night; +he'll not wear out the place he lies on.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA</span> [<i>to Tramp</i>] Come in and sit down, and be our +guest.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> I tender my gratitude. I should like a bite of +something, if possible.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> You haven't had time to look round, and want +to eat already. Didn't you beg anything in the village?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>sighs</i>] I'm not in the habit of begging because +of my position, and having no producks of my own …</p> + +<p><i>Akulína rises, goes to the table, takes a loaf of bread, cuts a +slice, and gives it to the Tramp.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>taking the bread</i>] <span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Merci.</span><a name="FNanchor_2_2" href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> [<i>Sits down on the bench +and eats greedily</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> And where is Michael?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Why, he took hay to the town. It's time he +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_307">307</a></span>was back, but he's not here. Something must have +happened.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> Why, what should happen?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> What indeed? Not anything good; it's only +bad one has to expect. As soon as he's out of the house +he forgets all about us! I expect he'll come back +tipsy!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA</span> [<i>sitting down to spin, points at Martha and says +to Tarás</i>] It's not in her to be quiet. As I always say, +we women must find something to grumble about.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> If he were alone I should not be afraid, but +he went with Ignát.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS</span> [<i>smiling</i>] Ah well, Ignát Ivánovich certainly is +fond of a drop of vódka.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Doesn't he know what Ignát is like! Ignát +is one man, and our Michael's another.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> It's all very well for you to talk, mother; but +I'm sick of his drinking. While he is sober it would be +a sin to complain of him, but when he's drunk, you know +what he is like. One can't say a word; everything is +wrong.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> Yes, but look at you women too; a man has a +drink. Well, he swaggers about a bit, and sleeps it off, +and everything goes on all right; but then the likes of +you keep on nagging at him.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> When he's drunk there's no pleasing him, do +what you will.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> But you should understand that we can't help +having a drop now and then. Your woman's business is +at home, but the likes of us must have a drop when +we're on business, or for company's sake. Well, so one +drinks, and where is the harm?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> You may talk, but it's hard on us women. +Oh, how hard it is! If one harnessed you men to our +work just for a week, you would sing a different tune. +Kneading, cooking, baking, spinning, weaving, and the +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_308">308</a></span>cattle to look after, and all the rest of it, and the brats +to keep washed and clothed and fed; it's all on our +shoulders, and if anything is the least bit not to his fancy, +there you are, especially when he's drunk. Oh dear, +what a life ours is!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>chewing</i>] That's quite correct. It's the cause +of it all; I mean all the catastrophes of life proceed from +alcoholic liquors.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> It seems to have bowled you over too!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> No, not exactly that, though I have suffered +from that too. The career of my life might have been +different but for the drink.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> Now, to my thinking, if you drink reasonably, +there's no manner of harm in it.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> But I say that it is so strong that it may completely +ruin a man.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> That's what I say: you worry and do your +best, and the only comfort you get is to be scolded and +beaten like a dog.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> And that's not all. There are some people, +persons I mean, that are quite deprived of their reason +through it and commit entirely inappropriate actions. +While he does not drink, give him anything you like +and he won't take what is not his; but when drunk, he +grabs whatever comes handy. Many a time one gets +beaten and put in prison. As long as I don't drink, all +goes honestly and honourably, but as soon as I drink, I +mean as soon as that same person drinks, he at once +begins grabbing whatever comes his way.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> And I think it's all in oneself.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Of course it's in oneself as long as one is well, +but this is a kind of disease.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TARÁS.</span> A nice kind of disease. A good hiding would +soon cure that disease. Well, goodbye for the present. +[<i>Exit</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA</span> [<i>wipes her hands and turns to go</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_309">309</a></span> +<span class="speaker">AKULÍNA</span> [<i>sees that the Tramp has finished his bread</i>] Martha, +I say, Martha! Cut him another piece.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Bother him, I must get the samovár to boil. +[<i>Exit</i>].</p> + +<p><i>Akulína rises, goes to the table, cuts a chunk of bread and +gives it to the Tramp.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Merci</i>, I have acquired a great appetite.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Are you a workman?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Who? I? I was a mechanic.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> And what wages did you get?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> I used to get fifty, and even seventy roubles, a +month.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> That's a good lot! Then how have you come +down so low?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Come down! I'm not the only one. I've come +down because the times are such that it is impossible for +an honest man to live.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA</span> [<i>brings in the samovár</i>] Oh Lord! it's certain +sure he'll come home drunk. I feel it in my heart.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> I'm afraid he must really have gone on the +spree.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> There it is. One struggles and struggles and +kneads and bakes and cooks and spins and weaves and +tends the cattle; everything on one's own shoulders. +[<i>The baby in the cradle cries</i>] Paráshka, rock the boy. Oh +dear, what a life it is for us women. And when he is +drunk, nothing is right!… If one only says a word he +doesn't like …</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA</span> [<i>making the tea</i>] And this is the last of the tea. +Did you tell him to get some?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Of course. He said he would, but he'll have +forgotten all about his home!… [<i>She puts the samovár +on the table</i>].</p> + +<p><i>The Tramp moves away.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Why do you leave the table? We are going +to drink tea.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_311">311</a></span> +<span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> I tender my gratitude for the hearty hospitality. +[<i>Throws away the cheap cigar<a name="FNanchor_3_3" href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> he was smoking and comes to +the table</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> And what sort do you belong to? Peasants, +or some other?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Well, I'm not of the peasant class, nor of the +aristocracy. I'm of the double-edged class.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> What's that? [<i>hands him a cup of tea</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Merci.</i> Why this; that my father was a Polish +Count, and besides him I had many others; and I also +had two mothers. In general my biography presents +many difficulties.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Have another cup? Well, did you get any +learning?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> My learning has also been very uncircumstantial. +Not my mother, but my godmother apprenticed +me to a blacksmith. That blacksmith was my first +perdagogue; and his perdagogy consisted in this—that +he did not beat his anvil as often as he beat my unfortunate +head. Nevertheless, however much he hit me, +he could not deprive me of talent. Then I went to a +locksmith's, and there I was appreciated, and became +foreman. I made acquaintance with educated people, +and belonged to a political faction. I was able to master +intellectual literature; and my life might have been +elevated for I possessed immense talent.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Of course.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> But here came an upset. The despotic yoke +oppressing the life of the people! I got into prison; I +mean, I suffered the incarceration of freedom.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> What for?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> For our rights.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> What rights?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> What rights? Why the rights that the bourgeois +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_310">310</a></span>should not feast continually, and that the labouring +proletariat might reap the rewards of labour.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> And get back the land, I suppose?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Well naturally. The Agromoric question too.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> May God and the Holy Queen of Heaven +grant it. We are that pressed for land. Well, and how +are things now?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Now? I am off to Moscow. I shall go to an +exploiter of labour. Can't be helped; I shall humble myself +and say—give me what work you will, only take me.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Well, have some more tea.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Thank you; <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">merci</i> I mean.</p> + +<p><i>Noise and talk in the passage outside.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Here's Michael, just in time for tea.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA</span> [<i>rises</i>] Oh, my goodness, Ignát is with him! +That means he's drunk.</p> + +<p><i>Michael and Ignát stagger in.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> How are you all? [<i>Crosses himself before the icon</i>] +Here we are, damn you, just in time for tea. We went +to church, service was done; we went to dine, all eaten +and gone; to the <ins title="pub.">pub,</ins> we went in, just time to begin. +Ha, ha, ha! You give us some tea and we'll give you +some vódka. That's fair. [<i>Laughs</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Where has this swell come from? [<i>Points to +Tramp. Takes a bottle from the bosom of his coat and puts it +on the table</i>] Bring some cups.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Well, did you get on all right?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> Nothing could be better, damn you; drank, and +had a spree, and have brought some home.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>fills the cups with vódka, hands one to his mother +and then one to the Tramp</i>] Drink, you too!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>taking cup</i>] I offer most heartfelt thanks. Your +health. [<i>Empties the cup</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> Fine fellow, how he swills, damn him! I should +think hunger makes it run through all his veins. [<i>Pours +out some more</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_312">312</a></span> +<span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>drinks</i>] I wish you success in all your undertakings.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Well, did you get a good price for the hay?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> Good or bad, we've drunk it all, damn you! Am +I right, Michael?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Why, of course. It's not made to be looked +at! One must have some fun once in a hundred years.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> What are you swaggering for? There's not +much good in that. We've nothing to eat at home, and +see what you're doing.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>threateningly</i>] Martha!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Well, what of Martha? I know I'm Martha. +Oh, it makes me sick to look at you.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Martha, look!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> There's nothing to see. I don't want to look.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Pour out the vódka and serve it round to our +visitors.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Faugh, you bleary-eyed hound. I don't want +to speak to you.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> You don't? Ah, you baggage, what did +you say?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA</span> [<i>rocks cradle. Paráshka is frightened and comes +to her</i>] What I said? I said I do not want to talk to you, +that's all.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Have you forgotten? [<i>Jumps up from the table, +strikes her on the head and knocks off her kerchief</i>] One!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Oh! Oh! Oh! [<i>Runs crying to the door</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> You'll not get away, you jade! [<i>Rushes at her</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>jumps up from the table and seizes his arm</i>] You have +no kind of complete right.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>stops and looks at Tramp with surprise</i>] Is it long +since you had a thrashing?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> You have no complete right to subject the +female sex to insults.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Oh, you son of a bitch! Do you see this? +[<i>Shows his fist</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_313">313</a></span> +<span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> I will not allow exploitations to be performed +on the female sex.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> I'll give you such an extolpation that you'll +not know which end you stand on.…</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Go on, strike away! Why don't you? [<i>Holds +out his face</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>shrugs his shoulders and spreads out his arms</i>] +Suppose I really go for you?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> I tell you, strike!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Well, you are a rum chap, now I come to +look at you. [<i>Drops his arms and shakes his head</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT</span> [<i>to Tramp</i>] One sees at once that you're pretty +sweet on the women, damn you!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> I stand up for their rights.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>to Martha as, breathing heavily, he steps to the +table</i>] Well Martha, you must set a big candle before the +saints for his sake. But for him, I'd have beaten you to +a jelly.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> What else can one expect of you. One +worries all one's life, baking and cooking; and as soon +as …</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Now, have done, have done! [<i>Offers vódka to +the Tramp</i>] Drink. [<i>To his wife</i>] And what are you +slobbering for? Mayn't a fellow have his joke? There +you are [<i>gives her money</i>], put it away. Here are two +three-rouble notes and two twenty-copeck pieces.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> And the tea and sugar I wanted?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>takes parcel from his pocket and hands it to his +wife. Martha takes the money and the parcel and goes into +the little room, silently arranging the kerchief on her head</i>] +What an unreasonable lot these women are. [<i>He again +offers vódka to the Tramp</i>] There, drink.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>declining it</i>] Drink it yourself.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Come now, don't fuss.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>drinking</i>] Success to you.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT</span> [<i>to Tramp</i>] You must have seen many a strange +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_314">314</a></span>sight, I suppose. Oh, what a fine coat you've got! +Latest fashion. Where did you get it from? [<i>pointing +to Tramp's tattered jacket</i>]. Don't you mend it, it's fine as +it is! It's getting on in years, I fancy. Well, it can't +be helped. If I had one like it, the women would be +sweet on me too! [<i>To Martha</i>] Ain't that true?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> You should not, Ignát Iványch. Before seeing +anything of him, why go and hold up a man to +laughter?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> It comes of his uneducatedness.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> I'm doing it friendly-like. Drink [<i>offers vódka</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> He says himself—it's the cause of all evil—and +he's been in prison because of it.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> What were you in prison for?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>very drunk</i>] I've suffered for expropriation.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> What's that?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Why, this way. Came up to a fat paunch: +“Give up your money, else here's a levolver.”<a name="FNanchor_4_4" href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> He tries +this way and that, but forks out 2,300 roubles.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Oh Lord!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> We meant to dispose of it the proper way. +Zembrikóf was our leader. Then those ravens swooped +down on us. At once under arrest, and into prison.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> And took the money away?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> Of course. Only they could not convict me. +At the trial the procurator said these words to me: +“You've stolen money” says he; and I answer him +straight: “Thieves steal, but we have performed an +expropriation for our Party.” And he didn't know what +to say. He tried this way and that, but couldn't answer +me. “Lead him,” says he, “to prison,” that is—to the +incarceration of free life.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> Clever dog! A regular brick! [<i>Offering vódka</i>] +Drink, damn you.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_315">315</a></span> +<span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Fie, how nastily you speak!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> I, Grannie? I don't mean it for abuse; it's +a manner of speech of mine. Damn you, damn you!… +Your good health, Grannie.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA</span> [<i>returns and stands at the table pouring out tea</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> That's right. Fancy taking offence! I say, +it's thanks to him. [<i>To Tramp</i>] What do you think? +[<i>Embraces Martha</i>] I cherish my old woman. See, how +I cherish her. In a word, my old woman is first-rate. +I would not change her for anybody.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">IGNÁT.</span> There, that's good. Grannie, drink! I stand +treat.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> What it means—the power of enershy! One +was in a state of melancholy, and now there's nothing +but pleasantness and friendly disposition. Grannie, I +feel much love for you and for everybody. Brothers dear +[<i>sings revolutionary song</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> It has got right hold of him in his <ins title="hunger">hunger.</ins></p> + + + +<div class="new-h2"> </div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_316">316</a></span></p> +<h2>ACT II</h2> + +<div class="scene"> +<p>Same hut. Morning</p> + +<p>Martha and Akulína. Michael is asleep</p> +</div> + + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA</span> [<i>takes hatchet</i>] I must go and chop some firewood.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA</span> [<i>with a pail</i>] He'd have beaten you black and +blue yesterday, had it not been for that fellow. I don't +see him. Has he gone? I suppose he has. [<i>Exit one +after the other</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>climbs down from the top of the oven</i>] Just look, +the sun's already quite high. [<i>Puts on his boots</i>] She +must have gone to fetch water with mother. How my +head aches! I won't do it again; the devil take it! +[<i>Crosses himself before the icon, prays, and then washes his +hands and face</i>] I'll go and harness.</p> + +<p><i>Enter Martha with firewood.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> And yesterday's beggar? Has he gone?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Must have gone. Can't see him.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Oh well, let him go. He seemed a clever +chap though.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> He took your part!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> What of that!</p> + +<p><i>Michael puts on his coat.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> And the tea and sugar? Did you put them +away last night, eh?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> I thought you did.</p> + +<p><i>Enter Akulína with a pail of water.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA</span> [<i>to Akulína</i>] Mother, have you taken the parcel?</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_317">317</a></span> +<span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> No, I know nothing about it. I haven't +seen it.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Last night, I put it on the window-sill.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Yes, I saw it there.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Where can it be? [<i>They look for it</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Dear me, what a shame!</p> + +<p><i>Enter Neighbour.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> Well Michael Tikhónych, are we to go for +the wood?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Yes, of course. I'm just going to harness; +but you see we've lost something.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> Dear me! What is it?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Why, you see, my old man brought a parcel +from town yesterday, with tea and sugar in it, and I put +it down here on the window-sill and didn't remember to +put it away; and now it's gone.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> And we're committing the sin of suspecting +a tramp who spent the night here.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> What sort of tramp?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Well, he's rather thin and has no beard.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> His coat's all in rags.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> Curly hair and rather hooked nose?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> Yes, yes!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> I've just met him, and wondered why he +was stepping out so fast.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> It must be him. Where was he?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> I don't think he can have crossed the +bridge yet.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>snatches up his cap and goes out quickly, followed +by the Neighbour</i>] I'll catch the knave. It's him.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Oh, what a shame, what a shame! It's surely +him.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> And suppose it's not. It happened once, +some twenty years ago, that they accused a man of +having stolen a horse. A crowd collected. One says: +“I myself saw him catching it.” Another says he saw +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_318">318</a></span>him leading it. It was a big piebald horse, easily noticed. +All the people began searching for it, and in the forest +they found the lad. “It's you,” they say. He protests +and swears it was not him. They say: “What's the good +of listening to him; the women said quite certainly it's +him.” Then he said something rude. George Lapúshkin +(he's dead now) was a hot-tempered man. He dashed +at him slap bang, and struck him on the mouth. “It +was you,” said he, and hit out at him. Then all the +others fell on him and began beating him with sticks and +fists till they killed him. And what do you think!.… +Next day the real thief was found. The lad they killed +had only gone into the forest to choose a tree to cut +down.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Yes, of course, we may be sinning against him. +He has come down very low, but seemed a good fellow.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> Yes, he has sunk very low. One can't expect +much from the likes of him.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> They're shouting. I expect they're bringing +him back.</p> + +<p><i>Enter Michael, Neighbour, an old man and a lad, pushing +the Tramp before them.</i></p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>with the parcel in his hands, excitedly to his wife</i>] +It was found on him. [<i>To Tramp</i>] You thief! You +dog!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA</span> [<i>to Martha</i>] It's him, poor soul. See how he +hangs his head.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> It seems it was himself he spoke about +yesterday that grabs anything that's handy when he's +had some drink.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> I'm not a thief; I'm an expropriator. I am a +worker and must live. You can't understand it. Do +what you like with me.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> Take him to the village Elder or straight +to the police!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP.</span> I tell you, do whatever you like. I am not +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_319">319</a></span>afraid, and am ready to suffer for my convictions. If you +were educated you would understand.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA</span> [<i>to her husband</i>] Suppose we let him go, in God's +name. We've got the parcel back. Let him go and let's +not commit another sin.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>repeating</i>] “Another sin!” Taken to teaching? +One wouldn't know what to do without you, eh?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> Why not let him go?</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL.</span> “Let him go!” One knows what to do without +you, you fool. “Let him go!” Go he may, but he must +hear a word or two so that he should feel. [<i>To Tramp</i>] +Well then, listen, you sir, to what I have to say to you. +Though you are in a very low state, still you have done +very wrong—very wrong. Another man would have +caved your ribs in, and have taken you to the police; +but I will only say this. You've done wrong, as wrong +as may be; only you are in a very bad way and I don't +want to hurt you. [<i>Pauses. Everyone is silent. Then he +continues solemnly</i>] Go, and God be with you, and do not +do it again. [<i>Looks at his wife</i>] And you want to teach +me!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> You shouldn't, Michael; oh, you should +not. You're encouraging that sort of thing.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>the parcel still in his hand</i>] Whether I should +or not is my business. [<i>To his wife</i>] And you tried to +teach me! [<i>Stops, looks at the parcel, then at his wife, +and gives it to the Tramp with decision</i>] Take it, you can +drink it on the way. [<i>To wife</i>] And you wanted to teach +me! [<i>To Tramp</i>] Go, you've been told to go. Then go, +and no palavering.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">TRAMP</span> [<i>takes parcel. Silence</i>] You think I don't understand. +[<i>His voice trembles</i>] I fully understand. Had you +beaten me like a dog, it would have felt less hard. +Don't I understand what I am? I am a rascal, a degenerate, +I mean. Forgive me for the Lord's sake. [<i>Sobs, +throws the parcel on the table, and goes out hurriedly</i>].</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_320">320</a></span> +<span class="speaker">MARTHA.</span> A good thing he didn't take the tea, or we +should have had none to drink.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">MICHAEL</span> [<i>to wife</i>] And you wanted to teach me!</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">NEIGHBOUR.</span> How he cried, poor soul.</p> + +<p><span class="speaker">AKULÍNA.</span> He too was a man.</p> + +<div class="footnotes"> +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_1" href="#FNanchor_1_1" class="label">[1]</a> It is customary for the village authorities to quarter tramps on +each peasant household in a village in turn, or in such order as +appears convenient.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_2_2" href="#FNanchor_2_2" class="label">[2]</a> The tramp, who has had some acquaintance with educated +Revolutionaries, tries to introduce foreign words, or words not +generally used by workmen, into his talk. In this instance he +used the French word <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">merci</i> instead of the plain “thank you.”</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_3_3" href="#FNanchor_3_3" class="label">[3]</a> The “cigar” will have probably consisted of some bad tobacco +rolled up in a bit of newspaper.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_4_4" href="#FNanchor_4_4" class="label">[4]</a> As usual he mispronounces his word and calls a “revolver” +“a levolver.”</p></div> +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Cause of it All, by Leo Tolstoy + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE CAUSE OF IT ALL *** + +***** This file should be named 26665-h.htm or 26665-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/6/6/6/26665/ + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Jana Srna and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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