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diff --git a/30682-h/30682-h.htm b/30682-h/30682-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..323734b --- /dev/null +++ b/30682-h/30682-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1919 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html + PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII" /> +<title>Buxton and its Medicinal Waters, by Robert Ottiwell Gifford-Bennet</title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + P { margin-top: .75em; + margin-bottom: .75em; + } + P.gutsumm { margin-left: 5%;} + P.poetry {margin-left: 3%; } + H1, H2 { + text-align: center; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + } + H3, H4, H5 { + text-align: left; + margin-top: 1em; + margin-bottom: 1em; + } + BODY{margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + table { border-collapse: collapse; } +table {margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;} + td { vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid black;} + td p { margin: 0.2em; } + .blkquot {margin-left: 4em; margin-right: 4em;} /* block indent */ + + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + + .pagenum {position: absolute; + left: 92%; + font-size: smaller; + text-align: right; + color: gray; + } + + div.gapspace { height: 0.8em; } + div.gapline { height: 0.8em; width: 30%; } + div.gapdoubleline { height: 0.3em; width: 50%; + margin-left: 25%; border-top: 1px solid; + border-bottom: 1px solid;} + div.gapshortline { height: 0.3em; width: 20%; margin-left:40%; + border-top: 1px solid; } + .citation {vertical-align: super; + font-size: .8em; + text-decoration: none;} + img.floatleft { float: left; + margin-right: 1em; + margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } + img.floatright { float: right; + margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.5em; + margin-bottom: 0.5em; } + img.clearcenter {display: block; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0.5em; + margin-bottom: 0.5em} + --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> +</head> +<body> +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg eBook, Buxton and its Medicinal Waters, by Robert +Ottiwell Gifford-Bennet + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: Buxton and its Medicinal Waters + + +Author: Robert Ottiwell Gifford-Bennet + + + +Release Date: December 14, 2009 [eBook #30682] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BUXTON AND ITS MEDICINAL WATERS*** +</pre> +<p>Transcribed from the 1892 John Heywood edition by David Price, +email ccx074@pglaf.org</p> +<h1>BUXTON<br /> +<span class="smcap">and its</span><br /> +MEDICINAL WATERS.</h1> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">by</span></p> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">ROBERT OTTIWELL +GIFFORD-BENNET, M.D.</span>,</p> +<p style="text-align: center"><i>Senior Acting Physician to the +Devonshire Hospital and</i><br /> +<i>Buxton Bath Charity</i>.</p> +<div class="gapspace"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">john +heywood</span>,<br /> +<span class="smcap">Deansgate and Ridgefield</span>, <span +class="smcap">Manchester</span>;<br /> +2, <span class="smcap">amen corner</span>, <span +class="smcap">london</span>, <span class="smcap">e.c.</span></p> +<h2><!-- page 5--><a name="page5"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +5</span>PREFACE.</h2> +<p>Knowing from long experience the powerful action exerted upon +the human system by the Buxton Medicinal Thermal Water, and the +unsatisfactory results arising from its indiscriminate and +incautious use, either in the form of baths or by taking it +internally, I have in the following pages, as briefly and +succinctly as possible, endeavoured to make some practical +suggestions for the guidance of those of my professional brethren +who have had no opportunity of becoming personally acquainted +with the Buxton Spa, with the hope that they may prove of +service.</p> +<p style="text-align: right">R. O. G. B.</p> +<p>Tankerville House,<br /> + Buxton, May, 1892.</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"><p style="text-align: center"><!-- page 7--><a +name="page7"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 7</span>CONTENTS.</p> +<p style="text-align: center">CHAPTER I.<br /> +<span class="smcap">topographical and descriptive</span>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span +class="smcap">page</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Situation—Altitude—Geology—Roman +Baths—Climate and Temperature—Death Rate—Water +Supply—Rainfall Drainage—Railway +Communication—Public Buildings—Devonshire Hospital +and Buxton Bath Charity—Visitors’ +Accommodation—Antiquarian</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page9">9</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"><p style="text-align: center">CHAPTER II.<br /> +<span class="smcap">the medicinal waters and their +action</span>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Physiological Functions in Healthy +Individuals—Performance of the Physiological Functions in +Health and Disease—Action of Oxygen upon the Nitrogenous +and Non-nitrogenous Compounds—Origin of Calculi, +Nodosities, and Tophi—Action of the Thermal Water upon the +Great Emunctories—Chalybeate Water when Used as a Douche, +or Taken Internally—Analyses of the Waters—Selection +of Buxton by the Romans—First Treatise upon the Buxton Spa, +written by Dr. Jones in 1572—Source and Nature of the +Waters</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page22">22</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"><p style="text-align: center"><!-- page 8--><a +name="page8"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 8</span>CHAPTER III.<br +/> +<span class="smcap">the baths and mode of application</span>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Kinds of Baths—Natural and Hot—Action of +Thermal Water upon the Skin—Natural Baths—Swimming +and Plunge for Males and Females—Necessity of Caution in +their Use—Importance of Time and Frequency in Taking the +Baths—Directions During and After Bathing—Most +Favourable Time for Taking Warm or Hot Baths—Directions for +the Use of Half, Three-quarters, and Full Baths—Drowsiness +after Bathing—Massage, When and How Used—When Baths +Inadmissible—Hours for Drinking the Medicinal +Waters—Diseases in which the Thermal Water should Not be +Drunk</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page31">31</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"><p style="text-align: center">CHAPTER IV.<br /> +<span class="smcap">diseases in which the waters are +useful</span>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Acute Gout and Rheumatism—Chronic Gout and +Rheumatism—Chorea—Many Forms of +Paralysis—Muscular Atrophy consequent upon the Gouty +Diathesis—Loco Motor Ataxia—Syphilis—Local +Injuries—Neuralgia—Sciatica, Lumbago, +&c.—Number of Baths Constituting a Course—Length +of Residence Required—Action of Water upon Acute and +Chronic Diseases—Extract from Devonshire Hospital +Report—Inference</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right"><span class="indexpageno"><a +href="#page41">41</a></span></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<h2><!-- page 9--><a name="page9"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +9</span>CHAPTER I.<br /> +<span class="smcap">topographical and descriptive</span>.</h2> +<p +class="gutsumm">Situation—Altitude—Geology—Roman +Baths—Climate and Temperature—Death +Rate—Water-Supply—Rainfall—Drainage—Railway +Communication—Public Buildings—Devonshire Hospital +and Buxton Bath Charity—Visitors’ +Accommodation—Antiquarian.</p> +<p>The ancient town of Buxton, which is situated upon the extreme +western boundary of the county of Derby, at an elevation of +1,000ft. above the sea level, lies in a deep basin, having a +subsoil of limestone and millstone grit, and is environed on +every side by some of the most romantic and picturesque scenery +in the High Peak, hill rising above hill in wild confusion, some +attaining an altitude of from 1,900ft. to 2,000ft.</p> +<p>Buxton, or, as originally called, Bawkestanes, was occupied as +a military station by the Romans, who, during their occupancy, +constructed baths over the tepid water springs which issue +through fissures in the limestone rock, where it comes in contact +with the millstone grit, as was <!-- page 10--><a +name="page10"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 10</span>proved beyond +doubt by the finding of Roman tiles (used in the construction of +their baths) some years ago, when the present baths were under +repair.</p> +<p>Although Buxton is situated at so great an altitude, the mean +temperature for years past (owing, no doubt, in a great measure, +to the taste displayed and forethought shown by the late Mr. +Heacock, agent for many years to his Grace the Duke of +Devonshire, in causing the surrounding hills to be well planted) +has averaged about 44° Fahr., only a few degrees below that +of some of the most frequented winter resorts in Great +Britain. Such a temperature, however, may appear to some to +militate against Buxton as a health resort except during the +summer months, but it must be borne in mind that although the +temperature may be said to be somewhat low (a necessity of its +altitude), yet the atmosphere is especially pure and dry, and, +like that of Davos Platz, plays no inconsiderable part in +conducing to the highly-sanitary condition of the +neighbourhood.</p> +<p><!-- page 11--><a name="page11"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +11</span>The healthiness of the Buxton district is borne out by +the fact that the death-rate from zymotic disease is lower than +that of most other localities in Great Britain, and that the +average annual death-rate from all forms of disease is only +(among the resident population) 10 in 1,000.</p> +<p>The air being so pure and dry exerts a most bracing and tonic +effect, especially in cases where the system has become +debilitated from any cause—anæmia, chlorosis, chronic +liver and splenic disease, many forms of bronchial asthma, the +first stage of tuberculosis of the lungs, and tubercular +degeneration of the mesenteric glands in childhood, I have seen +much benefitted by a short residence in the district. To +the closely-confined and overworked residents in towns the +crispness and buoyancy of the atmosphere impart a feeling of +lightness and exhilaration rarely experienced except in a +highland district, making mental and physical labour less irksome +and life more enjoyable.</p> +<p>The water supply of Buxton is abundant, soft, and free from +impurities, doubtless owing to its <!-- page 12--><a +name="page12"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 12</span>percolating +through the great filter bed of sandstone to the north of the +town, and issues in numerous springs far above any source of +contamination from the inhabitants in the valley below.</p> +<p>It has been stated (and I think much to the prejudice of +Buxton) that the rainfall of the High Peak, and especially of the +Buxton district, is generally in excess of that of most of the +other parts of Great Britain. Such an assertion is quite +incorrect, as may be ascertained by a careful examination of the +rainfall of other localities; although, as in all hilly +districts, we must, on account of the attraction of the hills, +expect a somewhat larger rainfall than on the plains. The +annual average fall in the neighbourhood of Buxton amounts to +about forty-nine inches, which is much less than that of many +localities both in the Northern and Midland Counties. Even +when there is an exceptionally heavy fall of rain the porous +nature of the subsoil precludes the possibility of an +accumulation of surface water to any great extent.</p> +<p>The following table shows the mean temperature <!-- page +13--><a name="page13"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 13</span>and +rainfall for 1890 and 1891, two years in which we have +experienced a lower temperature and a greater rainfall than for +some years past, which, I believe, has been the experience of +most other parts of Britain during the same period:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td colspan="2"><p style="text-align: center">Mean +Temperature.</p> +</td> +<td colspan="2"><p style="text-align: center">Rainfall.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p>1890.<br /> +Deg.</p> +</td> +<td><p>1891.<br /> +Deg.</p> +</td> +<td><p>1890.<br /> +inch.</p> +</td> +<td><p>1891.<br /> +inch.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>January</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">37.6</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">31.7</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6.91</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4.58</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>February</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">33.1</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">38.9</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">.945</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">.68</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>March</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">40.0</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">36.0</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4.995</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3.895</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>April</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">41.1</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">38.9</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1.635</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3.40</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>May</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">50.2</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">45.8</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3.21</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4.935</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>June</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">52.4</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">53.3</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4.685</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2.878</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>July</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">54.7</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">56.3</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4.78</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2.52</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>August</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">55.2</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">55.0</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6.05</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6.45</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>September</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">56.0</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">54.4</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1.405</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3.505</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>October</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">47.2</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">46.0</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4.20</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6.595</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>November</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">40.0</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">38.8</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">9.455</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">4.535</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>December</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">27.8</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">37.8</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1.3</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8.745</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>Mean temperature for 1890 = 44°.6; mean temperature for +1891 = 44°.4.</p> +<p>Rainfall for 1890 = 49.77in.; rainfall for 1891 = +52.718in.</p> +<p>Buxton being built in a valley inclining to the east, and upon +the slopes of the adjoining hills to the south, west, and north, +necessitates the convergence of its system of drainage into a +<!-- page 14--><a name="page14"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +14</span>main sewer, which is carried through the heart of the +town to its outskirts, where the contents are discharged into +tanks, and purified by a chemical process submitted to the town +authorities by Dr. Thresh.</p> +<p>The natural incline upon which the town is built greatly +facilitated the sewerage arrangements so ably planned and +successfully carried out by the late Sir Robert Rawlinson.</p> +<p>Two lines of railway, the London and North-Western and +Midland, whose stations are situated adjoining each other to the +east end of the town, and between Buxton and Fairfield, afford +every facility of communication with all parts of Great Britain +and Ireland. The station of the East to West Railway now in +process of formation will be in Higher Buxton, and will doubtless +prove of much convenience to residents in that neighbourhood.</p> +<p>Visitors to Buxton, of all classes, will find ample and +suitable accommodation in the numerous hotels, hydros, +boarding-houses, and private apartments.</p> +<p>The Buxton Gardens’ Company’s Pavilion, <!-- page +15--><a name="page15"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 15</span>Music +Hall, and Theatre (where during the season the first artistes are +engaged), lawn tennis, skating rink, golf, cricket, and football +clubs, fishing, shooting, and hunting, provide varied amusements +for all tastes.</p> +<p>Mail coaches and charabancs run daily (Sundays excepted) to +either Bakewell, Haddon, Chatsworth, Matlock, Castleton, or Dove +Dale, during the season. Private conveyances, riding and +driving horses, are procurable by those wishing to visit the +numerous places of interest in the neighbourhood or ride to +hounds.</p> +<p>Buxton possesses some very handsome public and private +buildings. The Crescent, perhaps one of the finest +structures of its kind in Europe, has a frontage of 400ft. and a +height of nearly 70ft., and is massive and bold in design. +Above it is surmounted by an open battlement, which runs the +whole of its length. In its centre the Devonshire coat of +arms stands out in bold relief. Along the base of the +building a wide open colonnade extends from one end to the other, +and is a great convenience in going to and from the Baths and +drinking fountain in wet weather, or <!-- page 16--><a +name="page16"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 16</span>as a +promenade. It was originally intended for one hotel, but is +now divided into two. In front is an open semicircular +space, extending to the foot of St. Ann’s Cliff, an +extensive piece of ground, tastefully laid out in terraces and +public walks, some of which lead from terrace to terrace to the +public drinking fountain at the base of the slope, and others to +the plateau above, upon which stands the Town Hall, a handsome +and substantially-built structure, recently erected, containing +public and private offices, magisterial and assembly rooms, +museum, free library, reading-room, &c.</p> +<p>The Devonshire Hospital is a large octagonal building +surmounted by a lofty dome, and is situated at the foot of Corbar +Hill, being a conspicuous object from all parts of the +town. It was originally built for stabling in connection +with the Crescent Hotel. Some years since the committee of +the Buxton Bath Charity, being desirous of providing better +accommodation for those seeking its aid, succeeded, mainly +through the exertions of the late Mr. Wilmot, agent to his Grace +the Duke of Devonshire, in obtaining <!-- page 17--><a +name="page17"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 17</span>the +duke’s sanction to its conversion to its present use.</p> +<p>The structural alterations necessitated an outlay of between +£30,000 and £40,000, towards which the committee of +the Lancashire Cotton Fund contributed 24,000, in consideration +of a first claim to the occupancy of 150 beds, the entire +hospital accommodation being 300 beds.</p> +<p>The dome covers an area of nearly half an acre, and is said to +be one of the largest in the world. Under its vast expanse +between 5,000 and 6,000 people can assemble without +overcrowding. A perfect echo, like that in the Baptistry at +Pisa, is heard slightly away from beneath its centre.</p> +<p>The hospital is open to the inspection of visitors from 10 +a.m. to 4 p.m. at a small charge, which is appropriated for the +purpose of purchasing books for the library, a great boon to the +crippled patients.</p> +<p>The Palace Hotel, a large and imposing building, stands within +its own grounds, beautifully situated and laid out, close to the +London and North-Western and Midland Railway <!-- page 18--><a +name="page18"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +18</span>stations. Being elevated considerably above the +town, a panoramic view of Higher and Lower Buxton, St. +Ann’s Cliff, Broad Walk, the Crescent, and Buxton Gardens +is obtained from its windows, and in the distance Axe Edge, +1,950ft., Harpur Hill, Diamond Hill (so-called from the +Derbyshire diamond being found there), Solomon’s Temple, +and Hindlow are in full view.</p> +<p>There are many other buildings worthy of notice, amongst which +I may mention the churches of St. John and St. James, Pavilion +Music Hall, Theatre, Union Club, the Buxton, Peak, and Haddon +Grove Hydropathic Establishments. As the town is rapidly +extending, many very pretty villas have recently sprung up in the +park and neighbourhood, from whence are obtained the finest views +of Buxton and the surrounding hills.</p> +<p>Buxton is well supplied with places of public worship, St. +John’s, St. James’s, St. Anne’s, and Trinity, +belonging to the Church of England; Hardwick Street Chapel, +Congregationalists; the Park and Market Place Chapels, Wesleyan +<!-- page 19--><a name="page19"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +19</span>Methodists; London Road Chapel, Primitive Methodists; +St. Ann’s Chapel, Terrace Road, Roman Catholic; and +Harrington Road Chapel, Unitarian. The Presbyterians hold +services every Sunday (during the season) in the Town Hall, +morning and evening.</p> +<p>The staple industry of Buxton and the neighbourhood consists +in the burning of limestone, and the manufacture of inlaid marble +vases, tables, &c, some of which are tastefully designed, and +form very elegant and beautiful ornamental decorations for the +drawing-room, &c.</p> +<p>The naturalist, the botanist, and the geologist will find +Nature’s hand-book, spread wide open over the hills and +dales of the Peak, for their inspection. The +archæologist and the antiquarian may wander to the top of +Cowlow, Ladylow, Hindlow, Hucklow, or Grindlow, and picture in +imagination the savage and warlike aborigines of the High Peak, +wending their way up the precipitous sides of the hill, carrying +their dead chieftain to his last resting-place on the mountain +summit, where, placing him in a <!-- page 20--><a +name="page20"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 20</span>cyst, made of +rough unhewn stones, they cover him up with earth, leaving his +spirit to find its way to the happy hunting-grounds of the +unseen; or watch the wild and barbarous rites performed by the +Druidical priest within the precincts of Arbor Low Circle; or +contemplate the savage hordes of Danes, as they lie encamped on +the slopes of Priestcliff; or follow the footsteps of a hardy +cohort of Rome’s picked soldiers, as it moves with steady +precision through the High Peak Forest, and ascends the rugged +side of Coomb’s Moss, to pitch a camp on the spur of Castle +Naze.</p> +<p>The antiquarian may take his stand upon Mam-Tor, the mother +rock, when the moon sheds her silvery light o’er Loosehill +Mount, and, carrying his mind back into the past some 230 years, +hear the bugle’s note as it sweeps through the Wynnats +Pass, and is taken up by the Peverel Castle and transmitted +onwards through the Vale of Hope, calling the hardy dalesmen to +their midnight rendezvous, there to be instructed in the science +of war, so as to enable them to protect their homes and families +<!-- page 21--><a name="page21"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +21</span>against the marauding myrmidons of a cruel, heartless, +and unreliable king; or if the antiquarian seeketh a knowledge of +the High Peak folk-lore, and feareth neither pixie or graymarie, +he can, on a spring night, just as the moon has entered her last +quarter, and the first note from the belfry of the chapel in the +frith has proclaimed the arrival of midnight, take his stand upon +Blentford’s Bluff and peer into the dark and sombre depths +of Kinder, when he will hear the hooting of the barn owl on Anna +rocks, the unearthly screech of the landrail as he ploughs his +way through the unmown grass in search of his mate, the scream of +the curlew and chatter of the red grouse as they take their +flight from peak to peak, and see the fairy queen come forth from +the mermaid’s cave in a shimmering light, followed by her +maids, who dance a quadrille to the music of the spheres, and +hear the wild blast of the hunter’s horn heralding the +approach of the Gabriel hounds as they take their rapid course +across the murky sky, and become lost in the unfathomable depths +beyond the Scout.</p> +<h2><!-- page 22--><a name="page22"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +22</span>CHAPTER <span class="smcap">II.</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">the medicinal waters and their +action</span>.</h2> +<p class="gutsumm">Physiological Functions in Healthy +Individuals—Performance of the Physiological Functions in +Health and Disease—Action of Oxygen upon the Nitrogenous +and Non-nitrogenous Compounds—Origin of Calculi, +Nodosities, and Tophi—Action of the Thermal Water upon the +Great Emunctories—Chalybeate Water when used as a Douche, +or Taken Internally—Analyses of the Waters—Selection +of Buxton by the Romans—First Treatise upon the Buxton Spa, +written by Dr. Jones in 1572—Source and Nature of the +Waters.</p> +<p>In a healthy individual, where the physiological functions are +performed with exactitude and regularity, the elimination of the +various effete matters, the result of waste of tissue, is +uniform, and easily carried off out of the system by the skin, +the kidneys, lungs, and bowels. The nitrogenous components +become oxidised, and urea ultimately formed, which being very +soluble is freely excreted by the sudorific glands <!-- page +23--><a name="page23"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 23</span>in +the perspiration, and by the kidneys in the urine. The +non-nitrogenous compounds are also changed by the action of +oxygen into carbonic acid, which is expelled from the system by +the lungs. If the natural functions are not perfectly and +with regularity performed, the balance of power must of necessity +be lost, and disease engendered. The system then becomes +charged with uric acid, which has a strong affinity for certain +bases in the human organism, and forms salts either insoluble or +only slightly so, which are with difficulty eliminated either by +the skin or kidneys, and hence we have the formation of calculi +in the bladder, nodosities on the joints, and tophi in the ears, +indicating the uric acid diathesis.</p> +<p>The action of the Buxton nitrogenous thermal waters being +solvent, stimulant, antacid, chologoge, diuretic, diaphoretic, +and slightly purgative, restores the balance of power, not only +by stimulating the gastric and hepatic organs to a correct +performance of their normal functions, thus in conjunction with a +strictly regulated diet (essential in all cases) cutting off the +very <!-- page 24--><a name="page24"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +24</span>source of the materies morbi, but also (when there) by +eliminating it from the system by the great emunctories, viz., +the skin, kidneys, lungs, and bowels. As the large +proportion of invalid visitors to Buxton consist of those +suffering from the uric acid or gouty diathesis, and rheumatism, +and seek relief from the excruciating pains and cripplement +incident to such diseases, the great attraction must of necessity +be the medicinal waters, of which there are two kinds—the +cold chalybeate or iron spring, and the natural thermal +water. Of the former there are numerous springs in the +neighbourhood of Buxton, but the only one now resorted to has +been conveyed through pipes from a distance to a room adjoining +the natural baths, and is used with much benefit in many forms of +uterine disease as a douche. As such also it is prescribed +in cases where the conjunctivæ are in a relaxed condition, +consequent either upon rheumatic inflammation or local +injuries. It should on no account be applied to the eyes +until the inflammatory action has entirely subsided.</p> +<p><!-- page 25--><a name="page25"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +25</span>When drunk, one tumbler (twice or thrice daily after +meals) may be taken by an adult with much advantage when +suffering from anæmia, chlorosis, amenorrhœa, +dysmenorrhœa, diabetes connected with the gouty diathesis, +chronic cystitis, or general debility.</p> +<p>Although it may be classed as a mild chalybeate, I have +frequently seen great benefit derived from its internal use +(partly, no doubt, owing to the presence of sulphate of lime), +especially in children of an undoubtedly strumous habit, where +glandular swellings presented themselves in the neck, and the +mesenteric glands were enlarged. In such cases, when taken +regularly for some weeks (half a tumbler thrice daily after +meals), the appetite returns, the digestive functions are +improved, the glandular swellings subside, and the whole system +becomes reinvigorated, so as to restore bloom to the cheek, +brilliancy to the eyes, vigour to the limbs, and the natural +buoyancy of spirit to childhood.</p> +<p>According to Dr. L. Playfair’s analysis in 1852, <!-- +page 26--><a name="page26"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +26</span>one gallon of the water was found to contain the +following solid constituents:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">Grains.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Pro-carbonate of Iron</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1.044</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Silica</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1.160</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sulphate of Lime</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2.483</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Alumina</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">trace</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sulphate of Magnesia</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.431</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Carbonate of Magnesia</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.303</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sulphate of Potash</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.147</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chloride of Sodium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1.054</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chloride of Potassium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.450</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">7.072</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>The thermal water, as before stated, arises from various +fissures in the limestone rock, upon which formation the greater +part of the town of Buxton is built. The flow is uniform +(during the heat and drought of summer, and the cold and frost of +winter) in volume, about 140 gallons per minute, in temperature +82 deg. Fahrenheit, and in solid constituents.</p> +<p>According to the latest analysis, made by Dr. Thresh in 1881, +the following results were obtained. The mud which had +settled around the mouths of the springs and floors of the tanks +into which the water is conveyed consisted of—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center"><!-- page 27--><a +name="page27"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 27</span>Grains.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Oxide of Manganese</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">80.32</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sulphate of Barium, Sand, &c.</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1.08</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lead Oxide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.15</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Copper Oxide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.07</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Molybdic Acid</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.02</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Iron and Aluminium Oxide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1.36</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Cobalt Oxide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.30</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Zinc Oxide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.46</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Barium Oxide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.79</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Calcium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">5.31</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Strontium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">trace</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Magnesium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3.18</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Carbon Dioxide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3.23</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Phosphoric Acid</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.01</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Water</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3.93</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">100.21</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>The following is the result of his analysis of the +water:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: center">Grains.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bicarbonate of Calcium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">14.01</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bicarbonate of Magnesium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">6.02</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bicarbonate of Iron</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.03</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bicarbonate of Manganese</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.03</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sulphate of Barium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.05</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sulphate of Calcium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.26</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sulphate of Potassium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.62</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sulphate of Sodium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.84</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Nitrate of Sodium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.03</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chloride of Sodium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.02</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chloride of Magnesium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.95</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chloride of Ammonium</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">trace</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Silicic Acid</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.95</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Organic Matter</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.02</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Carbon Dioxide</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.20</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Nitrogen</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">0.19</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">24.22</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p><!-- page 28--><a name="page28"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +28</span>There were also traces of lead, strontium, lithium, and +phosphoric acid.</p> +<p>As the gas issued from the fissures in the limestone rock, it +was found to consist of 99.22 grains of nitrogen, 0.88 grain of +carbonic acid, and that held in solution in the water, 6.1 cubic +inches nitrogen, 4.1 carbonic acid.</p> +<p>In comparing Dr. Thresh’s analysis with those previously +made by Drs. Pearson, Muspratt, Sir Charles Scudamore, and Sir +Lyon Playfair, it will be seen that a new constituent appears in +the form of molybdinum, which, as mentioned above, was detected +in the mud deposit at the bottom of the tanks into which the +water is conveyed, as it issues directly from the springs. +In other respects the analyses differ but slightly, nor does the +efficacy of the water appear to have become less potent in +alleviating or curing those diseases for which it is so +deservedly celebrated.</p> +<p>The Romans, ever luxurious in their use of hot and tepid +baths, doubtless selected the Buxton basin as a station, not +merely from a military point of view, but on account of the +thermal springs, the curative effects of which <!-- page 29--><a +name="page29"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 29</span>they would +readily discover by receiving fresh energy to their wearied +bodies, from the stimulating action of the water immediately upon +taking a bath, as well as relief from many diseases, especially +of a rheumatic character, to which their life of hardship and +exposure rendered them so liable.</p> +<p>From the Roman period until about the year 1572 there is +little or no recorded history of Buxton. About that time, +however, a Dr. Jones wrote a treatise on the Buxton Spa, +advocating its claims so forcibly to those afflicted with gout or +rheumatism that ere long it became the resort of the <i>elite</i> +in the fashionable world as well as the poor.</p> +<p>Dr. Jones mentions in his very interesting treatise that in +his time Buxton was resorted to by large numbers of the poor and +afflicted people from the surrounding districts. The +indigence and deplorable condition of some of these people were +so extreme and their numbers so great that to supply their +necessities the whole of the “treasury of the bath fund was +consumed, part of which the people of the adjoining chapelry of +Fairfield claimed for the <!-- page 30--><a +name="page30"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 30</span>purpose of +paying the stipend of their chaplain.” So great +indeed became the grievance that they by petition sought the +protection of Queen Elizabeth in the matter.</p> +<p>Dr. Jones, in his quaint and forcible way, writes in reference +to the “treasury of the bath” fund: “If any +think this magisterial imposing on people’s pockets let +them consider their abilities and the sick poor’s +necessities, and think whether they do not in idle pastimes throw +away in vain twice as much yearly. It may entail the +blessings of them who are ready to perish upon you, and will +afford a pleasant after-reflection. God has given you +physic for nothing; let the poor and afflicted (it may be members +of Christ) have a little of your money, it may be better for your +own health. Heaven might have put them in your room, and +you in theirs, then a supply would have been acceptable to +you.”</p> +<p>As the thermal water issues from the various fissures in the +limestone rock, it is slightly alkaline, bright, sparkling, of a +blueish tint, especially when collected in bulk, and soft and +rather insipid in taste.</p> +<h2><!-- page 31--><a name="page31"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +31</span>CHAPTER III.<br /> +<span class="smcap">the baths and mode of +application</span>.</h2> +<p class="gutsumm">Kinds of Baths—Natural and +Hot—Action of Thermal Water upon the Skin—Natural +Baths—Swimming and Plunge for Males and +Females—Necessity of Caution in their Use—Importance +of Time and Frequency in Taking the Baths—Directions During +and After Bathing—Most Favourable Time for Taking Warm or +Hot Baths—Directions for the Use of Half, Three-quarters, +and Full Baths—Drowsiness after Bathing—Massage, When +and How Used—When Baths Inadmissible—Hours for +Drinking the Medicinal Waters—Diseases in which the Thermal +Water should Not be Drunk.</p> +<p>There are two kinds of baths, viz., the natural and hot. +The natural bath is so called because the water used in its +formation is at the natural temperature, as it issues from the +perforations in the floor of the baths. The stream being +continuous and large in volume, an overflow is provided at the +top of each bath, which not only secures constant change of water +for the bathers, with corresponding purity, but much greater +medicinal action upon the system.</p> +<p><!-- page 32--><a name="page32"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +32</span>The water renders the skin smooth and pliant, probably +on account of its alkaline character and the large amount of free +nitrogen suspended in it. Its alkalinity also saponifies +the fatty acids on the surface of the body, cleanses and opens up +the sudorific glands, and thus assists the free absorption of the +nitrogen into the system. Brisk rubbing of the skin (whilst +in the water) with the hands promotes a similar result.</p> +<p>Under the head of natural baths are included large swimming, +plunge, or public baths for males and females, also private ones +fitted up with every modern comfort and convenience, which are +situated at the west-end of the Crescent, adjoining the pump-room +or drinking fountain.</p> +<p>As the medicinal thermal water of Buxton is admitted to be +very powerful in its action upon the human system, it is +absolutely necessary that it should be used with the greatest +care. I have known many accidents and even deaths take +place from the incautious use of the natural baths by persons +wilfully or negligently <!-- page 33--><a name="page33"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 33</span>taking it in a totally unfit state of +health, or by remaining in the water too long. When used as +a bath at the natural temperature, the water is buoyant and +emollient to the skin, and produces a sense of exhilaration both +to the body and mind of the bather. But if indulged in too +frequently or too long at one time, this beneficial effect is +entirely lost, and instead of the glow of heat which ordinarily +takes place directly after immersion, the surface of the body +becomes chilled and covered with what is commonly called +“goose” skin, a sense of oppression and discomfort +ensues, erratic pains are developed, and the mind becomes greatly +depressed. The bath, therefore, should not be taken more +than two or at most three days consecutively, nor should the +immersion extend beyond seven or eight minutes. It is well +for the bather to take gentle exercise prior to entering the +bath, in order that the surface of the body may not be chilled, +but rather in a glow upon immersion. If after being in the +water a few minutes a feeling of persistent chilliness ensues, +the bather should leave the bath, get rubbed down with a hot +rough towel, <!-- page 34--><a name="page34"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 34</span>dress as quickly as possible, and +then return home, where he should remain until reaction is +perfectly established. When the natural bath is prescribed +during the summer months, viz., from the commencement of June +until the end of September or the first week in October, to those +capable of locomotion the best time for bathing is from 6 to 8 +o’clock a.m., but when incapable of walking from 11 a.m. to +1 p.m. The bather should invariably (when taking a natural +bath) lave the water over the face, neck, and chest, prior to +plunging into it, and should not remain more than seven or eight +minutes immersed, the two last minutes being occupied in applying +the douche to the parts specially indicated in the doctor’s +prescription. When a longer time is indulged in, frequently +reaction does not take place, but chilliness and discomfort +ensue, and the rheumatic pains are increased in severity rather +than diminished. Energetic friction of the joints and +surface of the body generally, with the hands beneath the water, +should be resorted to, and gentle rubbing through a hot towel +immediately upon leaving <!-- page 35--><a +name="page35"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 35</span>the bath, +after which the bather should at once go to the drinking fountain +and take the prescribed quantity of the thermal water. +Instead, however, of at once returning home, if possible, a sharp +brisk walk should be taken, so as to secure a full action upon +the skin and kidneys. The bath may be taken between ten and +one o’clock, or four and six, observing the same rules as +to meals as given when speaking of the hot baths. The +latter hours would apply to all cases except the very mildest +during the winter months.</p> +<p>The most favourable time for taking the warm or hot baths is +between ten a.m. and one p.m., provided that breakfast is not +taken later than nine, and luncheon before half-past one, it +being of paramount importance that they should not be used either +directly after or before a meal. The hot baths may be taken +either as half, three-quarters, or full baths, according to the +nature of the case and the condition of the bather.</p> +<p>In the first of these (viz., a half-bath), which immerses the +body no higher than the waist, it is well to apply a towel wrung +out of cold <!-- page 36--><a name="page36"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 36</span>water to the head, at the same time +(especially in the case of females) wearing an oilskin bathing +cap, to prevent the hair from getting wet. Cold to the head +is of signal advantage when there is persistent headache, or a +tendency of blood to that part. In cases of acute sciatica, +congestion of the liver, spleen, and kidneys, accompanied by a +general sluggishness and torpidity of the portal circulation, +frequently very painfully indicated by internal or external +hemorrhoids, the hot sitz bath gives very speedy relief.</p> +<p>In a sitz or three-quarters bath the bather should, +immediately upon entering the water, lave it over the face, neck, +and chest. After being in the bath five minutes, two more +should be devoted to the application of the douche, first to the +spine and then to the joints and other parts particularly +affected, with the exception of those inflamed and painful, which +should not be douched but gently rubbed with the hands beneath +the surface of the water, in order to promote free cutaneous +circulation and absorption of the nitrogen gas through the +skin.</p> +<p>After leaving a full hot bath the body should <!-- page +37--><a name="page37"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 37</span>at +once be enveloped in a warm sheet and friction applied over the +whole surface. Dressing should be accomplished as rapidly +as possible in order that a chill may be avoided, and then the +bather, if able to walk (if not, in a bath chair), should go to +the drinking fountain at the west-end of the Crescent, where +either a large or small tumbler of the thermal water (as +prescribed) should be drunk, and then return home, where rest +upon a sofa or bed should be taken for at least an hour, the body +being well covered with rugs, &c., so as to promote, as much +as possible, an action upon the skin and consequent elimination +of the gouty and rheumatic poison through its pores by free +perspiration.</p> +<p>Frequently, after taking one of the hot medicinal baths, a +feeling of drowsiness steals over the bather, and it has been +thought by some medical men that sleep should not be indulged +in. During a long experience in prescribing the medicinal +baths of Buxton 1 have never observed any ill effects ensue from +giving way to sleep, and therefore allow my patients to <!-- page +38--><a name="page38"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +38</span>follow their own inclination in the matter. When +the bather has been covered up for a quarter of an hour, and the +skin acts freely, he or she may begin to throw off some of the +wraps, thus permitting the surface of the body to cool by +degrees. When a full hour has been accomplished, the +ordinary occupations and duties of the day may be resumed. +It is not advisable, however, to risk exposure in an open +conveyance for at least three hours after taking a hot bath, as +might be done after using a natural one.</p> +<p>The massage bath may be used with most advantage between +ten-thirty and twelve a.m., and three and five p.m. It is +not advisable to take the massage bath within two hours after a +meal, or less than one before. Massage, or kneading of the +whole body, is carried out in this bath after which a steam +douche or a warm spray is turned upon the affected parts, +according to the nature of the case.</p> +<p>Chronic rheumatic arthrites, with painful and contracted +muscles, obstinate lumbago, diaphragmatic, intercostal, +periosteal, and synovial <!-- page 39--><a +name="page39"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 39</span>rheumatism, +and sprains and injuries to joints, are greatly benefited by the +application of massage, followed by the hot steam douche or warm +spray. Much relief is obtained from the application of the +douche (first hot and then reduced to tepid or cold, according to +the nature of the case) in subacute rheumatic arthritis, +long-standing sciatica, facial neuralgia or tic douloureux, +intermittent headache, spinal irritation, chorea or St. +Vitus’ dance, wrist drop (from lead poison), writers’ +cramp, where there is the rheumatic diathesis, and paralysis +agitans, &c.</p> +<p>The Buxton medicinal baths, either at their natural +temperature, or when the water is artificially heated, are, on +account of their powerful action upon the human system, quite +inadmissible in all cases where there is acute inflamation of any +organ. In extensive valvular disease of the heart, +especially when accompanied with regurgitation, or advanced +degeneracy of that organ, atheromatous degeneration or aneurism +of the larger arteries, lung disease, in an advanced stage, +especially when <!-- page 40--><a name="page40"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 40</span>connected with the phthisical +diathesis, asthma, or amphipneuma, complicated with fatty +degeneration or dilatation of the heart, giddiness, vertigo, or +sudden faintness consequent upon organic disease, the baths +should not be taken, except locally, and even then with the +greatest caution. When so used the affected parts may be +sponged with the thermal water heated to the prescribed +degree. An ordinary compress soaked in the heated water may +often be advantageously worn continuously over an inflamed joint, +congested liver, inactive kidneys, or irritable stomach.</p> +<p>When the thermal water is only prescribed, the most favourable +time for drinking it is from seven to eight and eleven to twelve +a.m., and from four to five p.m., but when ordered to be taken in +conjunction with the chalybeate, the former should be taken in +the morning and the latter in the afternoon. It has been +customary for some medical men to prescribe the two waters mixed +together. My own experience leads me to think that such a +mode of using them (in a great measure) destroys the efficacy +<!-- page 41--><a name="page41"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +41</span>of the thermal by reducing its temperature, and driving +off one of its most active and essential constituents, viz., the +nitrogen gas.</p> +<p>The water can be drunk with safety in most cases, but there +are some in which it is as inadmissible as the use of the +baths.</p> +<p>In acute cystitis, advanced stage of Bright’s disease, +certain forms of dyspepsia, irritation in the urinary passages, +either in the male or female, drinking the thermal water should +not be resorted to. The mucous membrane under its influence +becomes more irritable, and where the urinary passages are +specially involved, the impulsive efforts to void urine are +extremely painful and distressing, the urine being reduced to +mere driblets, and sometimes even to complete retention. +Constant sickness, either arising from mucous inflammation or +ulcer of the stomach, contra—indicate the use of the +thermal water.</p> +<h2><!-- page 42--><a name="page42"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +42</span>CHAPTER IV.<br /> +<span class="smcap">diseases in which the waters are +useful</span>.</h2> +<p class="gutsumm">Acute Gout and Rheumatism—Chronic Gout +and Rheumatism—Chorea—Paralysis Agitans—Many +Forms of Paralysis—Muscular Atrophy consequent upon the +Gouty Diathesis—Loco Motor +Ataxia—Syphilis—Local +Injuries—Neuralgia—Sciatica, Lumbago, +&c.—Number of Baths Constituting a Course—Length +of Residence Required—Action of Water upon Acute and +Chronic Disease—Extract from Devonshire Hospital +Report—Inference.</p> +<p>The following are amongst the principal diseases for the +relief of which the Buxton medicinal thermal water is deservedly +celebrated: Acute gout and rheumatism (in neither of which can +the baths be taken with advantage until the acute or inflammatory +stage has subsided), the water may be used locally, either by +sponging or wearing a compress over the affected parts, and also +internally, two or even three quarts, being drunk in the +twenty-four hours.</p> +<p>In the acute stage of gout or rheumatic fever, when the water +is drunk in large quantity daily, profuse perspiration of a +critical nature takes place about the sixth day, and is usually +succeeded <!-- page 43--><a name="page43"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 43</span>in twenty-four hours by a measly +eruption over the whole surface of the body and extremities, +quickly followed by a total subsidence of all the acute symptoms, +leaving the patient free from pain and on the high road to +convalescence. Under its influence the urine becomes +copious, the muddy brickdust deposit disappears, and the normal +specific gravity and action upon litmus paper is restored. +The sudorific glands over the whole cutaneous surface receive a +fresh stimulus, thus assisting to eliminate the materies morbi, +and making the skin cool and moist, which prior to drinking the +water was dry, hot, and parched. A direct action upon the +liver is also obtained, as indicated by the relaxed condition of +the bowels, and the perceptible increase of bile in the +motions. Such being the action of the Buxton thermal water, +it will be readily understood how the distressing and +excruciating pains of an attack of acute gout or rheumatism are +so quickly relieved, and the sufferer restored to comparative +comfort.</p> +<p>Chronic gout and rheumatism: These diseases are much more +common than the acute forms, <!-- page 44--><a +name="page44"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 44</span>and are +greatly benefited both by the use of the baths and drinking of +the water.</p> +<p>In such cases the baths may be prescribed either hot or +natural, according to the nature and character of the complaint, +and may be taken each day, every other day, or even two or three +days consecutively. The temperature, frequency, time of +immersion, and amount of water to be drunk after bathing, are +usually given by the medical adviser in his prescription.</p> +<p>The above remarks apply equally to the various forms of +chronic rheumatism, chorea, paralysis agitans, infantile +paralysis, hysterical paralysis, mercurial and lead poisoning, +muscular atrophy; rigid atrophy, consequent upon the rheumatic +diathesis; locomotor ataxia, as a result of rheumatism; syphilis, +or local injury; cranial, facial, and intercostal neuralgia; +sciatica, lumbago, and their allied affections, especially of a +neurotic nature.</p> +<p>The number of baths which constitute a course are usually +reckoned at from 15 to 17, which necessitates a residence in +Buxton of about one month, provided they can be steadily <!-- +page 45--><a name="page45"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +45</span>and uninterruptedly continued throughout that +period. If, however, the course has to be discontinued on +account of the supervention of acute symptoms (not an unfrequent +occurrence) a longer residence is required. Some persons +(though all goes on regularly) require more and some less, +according to the age, strength, and constitution of the bather +and nature of the case. As a rule, experience teaches that +the younger the individual, and the more recent and acute the +disease, the fewer number of baths will be requisite to give +permanent relief, the full effects of the medicinal water being +obtained more rapidly, and the ultimate result being more +satisfactory. This, however, need not be a discouragement +to those advanced in life, whose misfortune it has been to suffer +from repeated attacks of gout or rheumatism, as may be gathered +from a perusal of the annual report of the Devonshire Hospital, +an institution mainly for the reception of patients of all ages, +suffering from the gouty and rheumatic diatheses.</p> +<p>Subjoined I give an extract from the medical report of the +Hospital, which clearly indicates the nature and character of +those diseases <!-- page 46--><a name="page46"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 46</span>specially benefited by the use of the +Buxton thermal water. According to the report, 2,351 +patients were admitted under treatment during 1891, 2,222 +suffering from gout rheumatism or some of the allied affections, +and 129 unconnected with either diatheses. The following +types of disease, as connected with the two diatheses, are +included in the 2,351:—</p> +<table> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"><p style="text-align: center"><span +class="smcap">diseases of the locomotory system</span>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rheumatism</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1322</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Specific Rheumatism</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">5</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Podagra</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">51</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Rheumatic Arthritis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">550</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Synovitis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chronic Periostitis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sciatica</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">197</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lumbago</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">15</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sciatica and Lumbago</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">14</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Neuralgia</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">10</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Peripheral Neuritis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">3</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Poliomyelitis Anterior Chronica</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lateral Sclerosis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">7</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Progressive Muscular Atrophy</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Pseudo, Hypertrophic Muscular Paralysis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Locomotor Ataxia</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">15</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Multiple Sclerosis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chronic Myelitis</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Hemiplegia</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">8</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Chorea</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">10</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Paralysis Agitans</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">1</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Lead Poisoning</p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">10</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p> </p> +</td> +<td><p style="text-align: right">2222</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>I find that during thirty-two years, the Devonshire Hospital, +which contains 300 beds, has admitted between fifty-two and +fifty-three thousand patients, suffering principally from the +various forms of gout rheumatism and those diseases which are +allied to them. Out of this vast number were returned only +6,753, having obtained no relief, which may be accounted for by +the fact that most of these latter were labouring under +affections unconnected with either gout or rheumatism. +These figures will, I think, be admitted as conclusive evidence +of the medicinal efficacy of the Buxton Spa in relieving +suffering humanity from some of the most painful and intractable +forms of disease to which high and low, rich and poor, are alike +amenable.</p> +<div class="gapspace"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="smcap">John +Heywood</span>, Excelsior Printing and Bookbinding Works,<br /> +Manchester.</p> +<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BUXTON AND ITS MEDICINAL WATERS***</p> +<pre> + + +***** This file should be named 30682-h.htm or 30682-h.zip****** + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/0/6/8/30682 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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