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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:56:23 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:56:23 -0700 |
| commit | 2f7c6f37e33482fc88858a72161fd380276ae7f2 (patch) | |
| tree | 3edfc706dd9ad9ec49654de8211304395ebd4961 /31769-h | |
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diff --git a/31769-h/31769-h.htm b/31769-h/31769-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4fa7b02 --- /dev/null +++ b/31769-h/31769-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,17930 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> + +<!DOCTYPE html + PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd" > + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> + <title> + Uncle Daniel's Story, by John Mcelroy + </title> + <style type="text/css" xml:space="preserve"> + + body { margin:5%; background:#faebd0; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } + hr { width: 50%; text-align: center;} + .foot { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3em; font-size: 90%; } + blockquote {font-size: 97%; font-style: italic; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + .mynote {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; padding: .5em; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 95%;} + .toc { margin-left: 10%; margin-bottom: .75em;} + .toc2 { margin-left: 20%;} + .indent5 { margin-left: 5%;} + .indent10 { margin-left: 10%;} + .indent15 { margin-left: 15%;} + .indent20 { margin-left: 20%;} + .indent30 { margin-left: 30%;} + div.fig { display:block; margin:0 auto; text-align:center; } + div.middle { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; } + .figleft {float: left; margin-left: 0%; margin-right: 1%;} + .figright {float: right; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 1%;} + .pagenum {display:inline; font-size: 100%; font-style:normal; + margin: 0; padding: 0; position: absolute; right: 1%; + text-align: right;} + .side { float: left; font-size: 75%; width: 25%; padding-left: 0.8em; + border-left: dashed thin; text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; + font-weight: bold; color: black; background: #eeeeee; border: solid 1px;} + p.pfirst, p.noindent {text-indent: 0} + span.dropcap { float: left; margin: 0 0.1em 0 0; line-height: 1 } + pre { font-style: italic; font-size: 90%; margin-left: 10%;} + +</style> + </head> + <body> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + +Project Gutenberg's Uncle Daniel's Story Of "Tom" Anderson, by John McElroy + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Uncle Daniel's Story Of "Tom" Anderson + And Twenty Great Battles + +Author: John McElroy + +Release Date: March 25, 2010 [EBook #31769] +Last Updated: February 25, 2018 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger + + + + + +</pre> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <h3> + Format Choice + </h3> + <div class="mynote"> + The present format is best for most <b>laptops</b> and <b>computers</b>, + and generates well to <b>.mobi</b> and <b>.epub</b> files. The higher + quality images in this file do not reduce in size to fit the small screens + of Tablets and Smart Phones—part of the larger images may run off + the side. Another format is available by clicking on the following line:<br /><br /> + <i><a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/31769/old/files/relative.htm">A + file with images which automatically accomodate to any screen size; this + is the best choice for the small screens of <b>Tablets</b> and <b>Smart + Phones</b>. -- </a></i> + </div> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY + </h1> + <h2> + OF “TOM” ANDERSON + </h2> + <h4> + And + </h4> + <h2> + Twenty Great Battles. + </h2> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + By John McElroy + </h2> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h3> + 1886. + </h3> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + “UNCLE DANIEL” IS PRESENTED TO THE PUBLIC. A TRUTHFUL + PICTURE, IN STORY, BASED UPON EVENTS OF THE LATE WAR. THIS + VOLUME IS DEDICATED TO THE UNION SOLDIERS AND THEIR + CHILDREN. + + The Author +</pre> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h4> + New York, Jan. 1st, 1886. + </h4> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img alt="tom0011 (222K)" src="images/tom0011.jpg" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img alt="tom0012 (55K)" src="images/tom0012.jpg" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /> <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <blockquote> + <p class="toc"> + <big><b>CONTENTS</b></big> + </p> + <p> + <br /> <a href="#link2H_4_0001"> <b>UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY</b></a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0001"> CHAPTER I. -- DARK DAYS OF 1861.—A FATHER WHO GAVE HIS CHILDREN TO THE COUNTRY.—RALLYING TO THE FLAG.—RAISING VOLUNTEERS IN SOUTHERN INDIANA.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0002"> CHAPTER II. -- BATTLE OF THE “GAPS.”—YOUNG HARVEY LYON BRUTALLY MURDERED.— UNCLE DANIEL'S RETURN.—RAISING TROOPS IN SOUTHERN INDIANA.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0003"> CHAPTER III. -- BATTLE OF TWO RIVERS.—COL. TOM ANDERSON MEETS HIS BROTHER-IN-LAW.—UNCLE DANIEL BECOMES AN ABOLITIONIST.—A WINTER CAMPAIGN AGAINST A REBEL STRONGHOLD.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0004"> CHAPTER IV. -- BATTLE OF DOLINSBURG.—HEROIC CONDUCT OF COL. TOM ANDERSON —REPORTED DEAD.—HIS WIFE REFUSES TO BELIEVE THE REPORT. +</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0005"> CHAPTER V. -- ANOTHER GREAT BATTLE—TWO DAYS OF AWFUL FIGHTING AT PITTSKILL LANDING—HARD-WON VICTORY-UNCLE DANIEL'S SONS BEAR THEMSELVES GALLANTLY.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0006"> CHAPTER VI. “K. G. C.”—ORGANIZATION OF THE ENEMIES OF THE UNION IN THE NORTH—PLOTTING EVERYWHERE—OBJECTS OF THE TRAITOROUS LEAGUE.-- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0007"> CHAPTER VII. -- TRAITOR KNIGHTS—ORGANIZATION OF REBEL SYMPATHIZERS IN INDIANA AND ILLINOIS—SIGNS AND SECRETS—GEN. ANDERSON'S TOUR OF INVESTIGATION —THE GOLDEN CIRCLE.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0008"> CHAPTER VIII. -- BATTLE OF PAGELAND—A VICTORY TURNED INTO A DEFEAT BY TREACHERY—DEATH OF GEN. LYON—ON THE TRAIL OF THE KNIGHTS OF THE GOLDEN CIRCLE.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0009"> CHAPTER IX. -- BATTLE OF ANTLER'S RUN—SERAINE WHITCOMB LEAVES FOR THE SOUTH—PLOTTING IN CANADA—DISCOVERY OF A CONSPIRACY AMONG ARMY OFFICERS. +</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0010"> CHAPTER X. -- BATTLE OF MURPHY'S HILL.-THE MOST SANGUINARY FIGHTING OF THE WAR.—-MURDER OF STEPHEN LYON.—UNCLE HAM GETS A STRONG DISLIKE TO WAR.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0011"> CHAPTER XI. -- THE COURT-MARTIAL.—AT MURPHY'S HILL.—THE TWO OPPOSING ARMIES AND THEIR MOVEMENTS.—JAMES WHITCOMB'S TRIAL.— SENTENCED TO DEATH AND PARDONED BY THE PRESIDENT.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0012"> CHAPTER XII. -- MORGANSON'S RAID AND BATTLE OF CHEROKEE RUN.—THE REBEL CAVALRYMEN WHIRL THROUGH INDIANA AND OHIO.—BEATEN AND CAPTURED.—KNIGHTS OF THE GOLDEN CIRCLE CONTINUE THEIR MACHINATIONS.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0013"> CHAPTER XIII. -- GEN. SILENT GUIDED BY A SPECTER.—ARMY OF THE CENTER.— BELEAGUERED AND HALF STARVED IN CHATTERAUGUS.—MIDDLETON'S RIDGE.—GEN. SILENT'S FORCES SWEEP THE REBELS FROM THE CREST.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0014"> CHAPTER XIV. -- SERAINE WHITCOMB'S EXAMINATION OF THE REBEL PRISONS AND HENRY LYON'S RELEASE.—MAN'S INHUMANITY.—SERAINE WHITCOMB VISITS THE SOUTHERN PRISON PENS.—A SAD TALE OF WOE.— GRAPHIC PICTURE OF SUFFERING, WRETCHEDNESS AND DEATH.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0015"> CHAPTER XV. -- PLOTS TO POISON AND BURN.—FIRE AND POISON.—THE PLOT TO BURN NORTHERN CITIES AND SPREAD DISEASE.—THE SCHEME AVENGED.—PART OF THE CHIEF PLOTTERS BURNED BY THEIR OWN COMBUSTIBLES.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0016"> CHAPTER XVI. -- A HAPPY WEDDING.—MARRIAGE OF SERAINE WHITCOMB AND HENRY LYON.—FIRE AND PLAGUE.—THE PLOTTING IN CANADA TO BURN CITIES AND SPREAD DISEASE.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0017"> CHAPTER XVII. -- MOBS IN THE NORTH.—LAWLESS VIOLENCE AND OUTRAGE BY REBEL SYMPATHIZERS.—THE CLASH OF ARMS.—BATTLE OF THE CHAPARRAL BETWEEN GEN. SILENT AND GEN. LAWS.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> +<a href="#link2HCH0018"> CHAPTER XVIII. -- OPERATIONS OF THE ARMY OF THE +CENTER.—GEN. SHERWOOD'S CAMPAIGN AGAINST GATE CITY.—HEAD'S ARMY +DESTROYED.—GEN. PAPSON'S GREAT VICTORIES AT FRANKTOWN AND NASHUA.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0019"> THE SCHEME TO CAPTURE OR KILL THE PRESIDENT AND GEN. SILENT.—A VILLANOUS PLOT.—THE RECKLESS AND DESPERATE SCHEMES OF THE CONSPIRATORS.—THE PLAN REVEALED.—THE PRESIDENT AND GEN. SILENT WARNED OF THEIR DANGER.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0020"> CHAPTER XX. -- COLLAPSE OF THE GREAT REBELLION.—LAWS' ARMY SURRENDERS.— THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN.</a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0021"> CHAPTER XXI. -- SCHEME FOR A NEW REBELLION.—ANDREW JOHNSON AND HIS CO-CONSPIRATORS.—THE GENERAL OF THE ARMY AND SECRETARY OF WAR SAVE THE COUNTRY.—“TOM” ANDERSON'S BRUTAL MURDER.—UNCLE DANIEL DIES.</a> + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <blockquote> + <p class="toc"> + <big><b>ILLUSTRATIONS</b></big> + </p> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0001"> Uncle Daniel Telling his Story -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0002"> Tom and the Mob -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0003"> Death of Harvey Lyon -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0004"> The Charge of Col. Anderson's Regiment + -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0005"> Pupils Attacking the Little Abolitionist -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0006"> Col. Anderson Wounded -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0007"> Uncle Daniel Meets Aunt Martha -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0008"> Ham Encounters the Rebels -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0009"> Knights of the Golden Circle Meeting in a + Barn -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0010"> Drinking to the Success of Treason -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0011"> Henry Lyon is Captured -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0012"> Death of General Lyon -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0013"> General Anderson Taking Command -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0014"> Anderson Overhears the Conspiracy -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0015"> The Murder of Steven Lyon -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0016"> Morganson's Raid -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0017"> A Spector Appears to the General -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0018"> Seraine With Henry at Pine Forest Prison -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0019"> Jackson Starts for Europe -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0020"> The Burning of the Will-o-the-wisp -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0021"> Thomlinson and Friends in Consultation -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0022"> Marriage of Henry and Seraine -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0023"> Gens. Silent and Meador in Conversation -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0024"> A Scene in the Trenches -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0025"> Mrs. Lyon Dies at Peter's Coffin -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0026"> Uncle Daniel Conferring With Lincoln and + Stanton -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0027"> The Shooting of President Lincoln by Wilkes + -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0028"> Murderous Assault Upon Gen. Anderson and + Family -- </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0029"> Death of Uncle Daniel -- </a> + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> <a name="link2H_4_0001" id="link2H_4_0001"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <h1> + UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY. + </h1> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0001" id="link2HCH0001"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER I. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + DARK DAYS OF 1861.—A FATHER WHO GAVE HIS CHILDREN TO THE + COUNTRY.—RALLYING TO THE FLAG.—RAISING VOLUNTEERS IN + SOUTHERN INDIANA. + + “The more solitary, the more friendless, the more + unsustained I am, the more I will respect and rely upon + myself.”—Charlotte Bronte +</pre> + <p> + ALLENTOWN is a beautiful little city of 10,000 inhabitants, situated on + the Wabash River, in Vigo County, Ind., in the vicinity of which several + railroads now center. It is noted for its elevated position, general + healthfulness, and for its beautiful residences and cultivated society. + Daniel Lyon located here in 1850. He was a man of marked ability and + undoubted integrity; was six feet two inches in height, well proportioned, + and of very commanding and martial appearance. In 1861, he was surrounded + by a large family, seven grown sons—James, David, Jackson, Peter, + Stephen, Henry and Harvey—all of whom were well educated, fond of + field sports and inclined to a military life. The mother, “Aunt + Sarah,” as she was commonly called by the neighbors, was a charming, + motherly, Christian woman, whose heart and soul seemed to be wrapped up in + the welfare of her family. She was of short, thick build, but rather + handsome, with dark brown hair and large blue eyes, gentle and kind. Her + politeness and generosity were proverbial. She thought each of her seven + sons a model man; her loving remarks about them were noticeable by all. + </p> + <p> + Daniel Lyon is at present 85 years old, and lives with one of his + granddaughters—Jennie Lyon—now married to a man by the name of + James Wilson, in Oakland, Ind., a small town conspicuous only for its rare + educational facilities. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0001" id="linkimage-0001"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0017.jpg" alt="Uncle Daniel Telling his Story 017 " /> + </div> + <p> + On the evening of the 22d of February, 1884, a number of the neighbors, + among whom was Col. Daniel Bush, a gallant and fearless officer of the + Union side during the late war, and Dr. Adams, President of ——— + College, dropped in to see Uncle Daniel, as he is now familiarly called. + During the evening, Col. Bush, turning to the old veteran, said: + </p> + <p> + “'Uncle Daniel,' give us a story from some of your + experiences during the war.” + </p> + <p> + The old man arose from his easy-chair and stood erect, his hair, as white + as snow, falling in profusion over his shoulders. His eyes, though dimmed + by age, blazed forth in youthful brightness; his frame shook with + excitement, his lips quivered, and tears rolled down the furrows of his + sunken cheeks. All were silent. He waved his hand to the friends to be + seated; then, drawing his big chair to the centre of the group, he sat + down. After a few moments' pause he spoke, in a voice tremulous with + emotion: + </p> + <p> + “My experience was vast. I was through the whole of the war. I saw + much. My story is a true one, but very sad. As you see, my home is a + desolate waste. My family consists now of only two grand-children; wife + and sons are all gone. I am all that is now left of my once happy family. + My God! My God! Why should I have been required to bear this great burden? + But pardon this weakness in an old man. I will now begin my story. + </p> + <p> + “In the month of ———, 1861, my nephew, 'Tom' + Anderson,—I called the boy Tom, as I learned to do so many years + before, while visiting at his father's; he was the son of my eldest + sister,—his wife, Mary, and their only child, a beautiful little + girl of two years (called Mary, for her mother), were visiting at my + house. Their home was in Jackson, Miss. One evening my good wife, Tom, his + wife, my son Peter, and I were sitting on our front porch discussing the + situation, when we heard a great noise a couple of blocks south of us. The + young men stepped out to see what the trouble was and in a very short time + they returned greatly excited. A company of men were marching down the + street bearing the American flag, when a number of rebel sympathizers had + assaulted them with stones, clubs, etc., and had taken their flag and torn + it to shreds. It seemed that a Mr. 'Dan' Bowen, a prominent + man in that part of the State, had been haranguing the people on the + question of the war, and had denounced it as 'an infamous Abolition + crusade,' and the President as a villainous tyrant,' and those + who were standing by the Union as 'Lincoln's hirelings, and + dogs with collars around their necks.' This language stirred up the + blood of the worst element of the people, who sympathised with secession, + and had it not been for the timely interposition of many good and worthy + citizens, blood would have been shed upon the streets.” + </p> + <p> + Here Col. Bush asked: + </p> + <p> + “What became of this man Bowen?” + </p> + <p> + “I understand that he now occupies one of the highest positions the + people of Indiana can give to one of her citizens. You see, my friends, + that we American people are going so fast that we pass by everything and + forget almost in a day the wrongs to our citizens and our country.” + </p> + <p> + “But to return to what I was saying in connection with the young + men. Tom Anderson was in a state of great excitement. He said he had + almost been mobbed before leaving home for entertaining Union sentiments, + and feared that he could not safely return with his family. My son Peter + suggested that, perhaps, they (being young) owed a duty to their country + and could not perform it in a more satisfactory manner than to enter the + service and do battle for the old flag. To this suggestion no reply was + made at the time. I said to them: + </p> + <p> + “'This seems to me a very strange condition of things, to see + a Government like this threatened in its permanency by the very people + that have controlled and profited most by it.' Tom replied: + </p> + <p> + “'Uncle, I have given a great deal of thought to this subject. + You know I was born in Ohio. My father was an Episcopal minister, and + settled in Mississippi while I was but a boy. My father and mother are + both buried there, leaving me an only child. I grew up and there married + my good wife, Mary Whitthorne. We have lived happily together. I have had + a good practice at the law; have tried to reconcile myself to their + theories of human rights and 'rope-of-sand' government, but + cannot. They are very <i>different</i> from our Northern people—have + <i>different</i> theories of government and morals, with <i>different</i> + habits of thought and action. The Pilgrim Fathers of the North who landed + at Plymouth Rock were men of independence of thought; believed in + Christianity, in education and universal liberty. They and their progeny + have moved almost on a line due west, to the Pacific Ocean, infusing their + energy, their ideas of government, of civil liberty, of an advanced + Christian civilization, with a belief in man's equality before the + law. These ideas and thoughts have become imbedded in the minds of the + Northern people so firmly that they will fight to maintain them; will make + them temporarily a success, and would make them permanent but for their + habit of moving so rapidly in the direction of business and the + accumulation of wealth, which prepares the mind to surrender everything to + the accomplishment of this single object. The Southern inhabitants are + almost entirely descended from impetuous, hot-blooded people. Their + ancestors that landed at Jamestown, and later along the Southern Atlantic + coast within our borders, were of an adventurous and warlike people. Their + descendants have driven westward almost on a parallel line with the + Northern people to the borders of Mexico, occasionally lapping over the + Northern line. Their thoughts, ideas, manners and customs have been + impressed upon the people wherever they have gone, by the pretense, always + foremost and uppermost, as if a verity, that they were the most hospitable + and chivalric of any people in America. Their civilization was different. + Their arguments were enforced by the pistol and bowie-knife upon their + equals, and slaves subjected to their will by the lash and bloodhound—the + death of a man, white or black, being considered no more than merely a + reduction of one in the enumeration of population. They have opposed + common schools for fear the poorer classes of whites might have an + opportunity of contesting at some time the honors of office, that being + the great ambition of Southern society. They would not allow the slave to + be educated for fear he might learn that he was a man, having rights above + the brute with which he has always been held on a par. The aristocracy + only were educated. And this was generally done in the North, where the + facilities were good; and by sending them from home it kept down the envy + and ambition of the poorer classes, where, if they could have seen the + opportunity of acquiring knowledge it might have stimulated them to + greater exertion for the purpose of storing their minds with something + useful in extricating themselves from an obedience to the mere will of the + dominating class. Those people, one and all, no matter how ignorant, are + taught to consider themselves better than any other people save the + English, whose sentiments they inculcate. They are not in sympathy with a + purely Republican system of Government. They believe in a controlling + class, and they propose to be that class. I have heard them utter these + sentiments so often that I am sure that I am correct. They all trace their + ancestry back to some nobleman in some mysterious way, and think their + blood better than that which courses in the veins of any Northern man, and + honestly believe that one of them in war will be the equal of five men of + the North. They think because Northern men will not fight duels, they must + necessarily be cowards. In the first contest my judgment is that they will + be successful. They are trained with the rifle and shotgun; have taken + more pains in military drill than the people of the North, and will be in + condition for war earlier than the Union forces. They are also in better + condition in the way of arms than the Government forces will be. The fact + that they had control of the Government and have had all the best arms + turned over to them by a traitorous Secretary of War, places them on a war + footing at once, while the Government must rely upon purchasing arms from + foreign countries, and possibly of a very inferior character. Until + foundries and machinery for manufacturing arms can be constructed, the + Government will be in poor condition to equip troops for good and + effective service. This war now commenced will go on; the North will + succeed; slavery will go down forever; the Union will be preserved, and + for a time the Union sentiment will control the Government; but when + reverses come in business matters to the North, the business men there, in + order to get the trade of the South, under the delusion that they can gain + pecuniarily by the change, will, through some 'siren song,' + turn the Government over again to the same blustering and domineering + people who have ever controlled it. This, uncle, is the fear that disturbs + me most at present.'” + </p> + <p> + “How prophetic,” spoke up Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes, yes,” exclaimed all present. + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush at this point arose and walked across the floor. All eyes were + upon him. Great tears rolled down his bronzed cheeks. In suppressed tones + he said: + </p> + <p> + “For what cause did I lose my right arm?” + </p> + <p> + He again sat down, and for the rest of the evening seemed to be in deep + meditation. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel, resuming his story, said: + </p> + <p> + “Just as Tom had finished what he was saying, I heard the garden + gate open and shut, and David and Harvey appeared in the moonlight in + front of the porch. These were my second and youngest sons. David lived + some five miles from Allentown, on a farm, and Harvey had been staying at + his house, helping do the farm work. They were both very much excited. + Their mother, who had left. Mary Anderson in the parlor, came out to enjoy + the fresh air with us, and observing the excited condition of her two + sons, exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + “'Why, my dear boys! what is the matter?' + </p> + <p> + “David spoke to his mother, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Do not get excited or alarmed when I tell you that Harvey + and I have made a solemn vow this evening that we will start to Washington + city in the morning.' + </p> + <p> + “'For what, my dear sons, are you going?' inquired the + mother, much troubled. + </p> + <p> + “'We are going to tender our services to the President in + behalf of the Union. Harvey is going along with me, believing it his duty. + As I was educated by the Government for the military service, I deem it my + duty to it, when in danger from this infamous and unholy rebellion, to aid + in putting it down.' + </p> + <p> + “Their mother raised her hands and thanked God that she had not + taught them lessons of patriotism in vain. She laid her head upon David's + manly breast and wept, and then clasped Harvey in her arms and blessed him + as her young and tender child, and asked God to preserve him and return + him safely to her, as he was her cherished hope. Peter, who had been + silent during the entire evening, except the bare suggestion to Tom to + enter the service, now arose from where he was sitting, and extending his + hand to David, said: + </p> + <p> + “'My old boy, I am with you. I shall commence at once to raise + a company.' + </p> + <p> + “David turned to his mother and laughingly said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mother, you seem to have taught us all the same lesson.' + </p> + <p> + “His mother's eyes filled with tears as she turned away to + seek Mary. She found her in the parlor teaching her sweet little daughter + her prayers. My wife stood looking at the pretty picture of mother and + child until little Mary Anderson finished, kissed her mamma, and ran off + to bed; then entering the room she said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mary, my child, I am too weak to speak. I have held up as + long as I can stand it,' and then burst into tears. Mary sprang to + her at once, clasping her in her arms. + </p> + <p> + “'Dearest auntie, what is the matter? Are you ill? + </p> + <p> + “'No! no! my child; I am full of fear and grief; I tremble. My + sons are going to volunteer. I am grieved for fear they will never return. + Oh! Mary! I had such a terrible dream about all the family last night. Oh! + I cannot think of it; and yet I want them to go. God knows I love my + country, and would give all—life and everything—to save it. + No, I will not discourage them. I will tell you my dream when I have more + strength.' + </p> + <p> + “Just then my blessed old wife fainted. Mary screamed, and we all + rushed into the parlor and found her lying on the floor with Mary bending + over, trying to restore her. We were all startled, and quickly lifted her + up, when she seemed to revive, and was able to sit in a chair. In a few + moments she was better, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'I am all right now; don't worry. I was so startled and + overcome at the thought that so many of my dear children were going to + leave me at once and on such a perilous enterprise.' + </p> + <p> + “To this Peter answered: + </p> + <p> + “'Mother, you ought not to grieve about me. Being an old + bachelor, there will be but few to mourn if I should be killed.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; but, my son, your mother loves you all the same.' + </p> + <p> + “Just then a rap was heard at the window. It being open, a letter + was thrown in upon the floor. I picked it up. It was addressed to 'Thos. + Anderson.' I handed it to him. He opened it, and read it to himself, + and instantly turned very pale and walked the floor. His wife took his arm + and spoke most tenderly, asking what it was that troubled him. + </p> + <p> + “'Mary, dear, I will read it,' he said, and unfolding + the letter, he read aloud: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + “'Jackson, Miss., June — 1861. + + “'Dear Tom—You have been denounced to-day in resolutions as + a traitor to the Southern cause, and your property + confiscated. Serves you right. I am off to-morrow morning + for the Confederate Army. + Good-by. + Love to sister. + + “'Your enemy in war, + + “'JOS. WHITTHORNE. +</pre> + <p> + “'Mary sank into a chair. For a moment all were silent. At + last Tom exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + “'What is there now left for me?” + </p> + <p> + “His wife, with the stateliness of a queen, as she was, her black + hair clustering about her temples and falling around her shoulders and + neck, her bosom heaving, her eyes flashing fire, on her tip-toes arose to + her utmost height. All gazed upon her with admiration, her husband looking + at her with a wildness almost of frenzy. She clenched both hands and held + them straight down by her side, and exclaimed in a tone that would have + made a lion cower: + </p> + <p> + “'Would that I were a man! I would not stop until the last + traitor begged for quarter!' + </p> + <p> + “Tom flew to her and embraced her, exclaiming: + </p> + <p> + “'I was only waiting for that word.' + </p> + <p> + “She murmured: + </p> + <p> + “'My heavens, can it be that there are any of my blood + traitors to this country?' + </p> + <p> + “The household were by this time much affected. A long silence + ensued, which was broken by David, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Father, Harvey and I having agreed to go to Washington to + enter the army, I wish to make some arrangements for my family. You know I + have plenty for Jennie and the babies, and I want to leave all in your + hands to do with as if it were your own, so that the family will have such + comforts as they desire.' + </p> + <p> + “David's wife, Jennie, was a delightful little woman, with two + beautiful children—Jennie, named for her mother, and Sarah, for my + wife. I said to David that I would write to his brother James, who was a + widower, having no children, to come and stay with Jennie. I at once wrote + James, who was practicing medicine at Winchester, Va., that I feared it + would be 'unhealthy' for him there, so to come to me at once. + This being done and all necessary arrangements made, David and Harvey bade + all an affectionate farewell and started for their farm, leaving their + mother and Mary in tears. As their footsteps died away their mother went + to the door, exclaiming, “'Oh, my children! will I ever see + you again?' “That night we all joined in a general + conversation on the subject of the war. It was arranged that Peter should + start next morning for Indianapolis to see the Governor, and, if possible, + obtain authority to raise a regiment under the call of the President. This + having been decided upon we all retired, bidding each other good night. I + presume there was little sleeping in our house that night save what little + Mary did, the poor child being entirely unconscious of the excitement and + distress in the family. The next morning Peter took the train for + Indianapolis, Tom went down town to ascertain the latest news, and I took + my horse and rode out to David's farm, leaving the two women in + tears, and little Mary inquiring: “'What is the matter, mamma + and aunty?' “I rode on in a deep study as to the outcome of + all this trouble. I came to David's house, unconscious for a moment + as to where I was, aroused, however, by hearing some one crying as if in + despair. I looked around and saw it was Jennie. She stood on the door-step + in great grief, the two children asking where their father had gone. + “'Good morning, my daughter,' I said, and, dismounting, + I took her in my arms, and laying her head on my shoulder she sobbed as if + her heart would break. + </p> + <p> + “'O! my dear husband, shall I ever see him again? O! my + children, what shall I do?' was all she could say. + </p> + <p> + “I broke down completely, this was too much; the cries of the little + children for their papa and the tears of their mother were more than I + could stand. He had never left them before to be gone any great length of + time. I took Jennie and the children into the house. There was a + loneliness and a sadness about the situation that was unendurable, and I + at once ordered one of the farm hands to hitch the horses to the wagon and + put the family and their little traps in and get ready to take them to my + house, and turned David's house over to his head man, Joseph Dent + (he being very trusty) to take charge of until David should return. With + these arrangements I left with the family for Allentown. On our arrival + the meeting of the three women would have melted the heart of a stone. I + walked out to the barn and remained there for quite awhile, thinking + matters over to myself. When I returned to the house all had become quiet + and seemingly reconciled. For several days all was suspense; nothing had + been heard from any of our boys; I tried to keep away from the house as + much as possible to avoid answering questions asked by the women and the + poor little children, which I knew no more about than they did. But while + we were at breakfast on the morning of ———, Jennie was + speaking of going out to her house that day to look after matters at home + and see that all was going well. Just at this moment a boy entered with a + letter, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Burton sent me with this, thinking there might be + something that you would like to see.' + </p> + <p> + “Mr. B. was the Postmaster, and very kind to us. He was a true Union + man, but the opposition there was so strong that he was very quiet; he + kept the American flag flying over his office, which was burned on that + account a few nights later, as was supposed, by Southern sympathizing + incendiaries. These were perilous times in Southern Indiana.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes! Yes!” said Col. Bush. “We had a taste of it in + Southern Ohio, where I then resided; I know all about it. The men who were + for mobbing us at that time are now the most prominent 'reformers,' + and seem to be the most influential persons. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel continued: + </p> + <p> + “I opened the letter and read it aloud. It ran substantially as + follows: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + “'We arrived at Columbus, O., on the morning of ———, when + there was some delay. While walking about the depot I + chanced to meet your old friend the Governor. He was very + glad to see me, and said to me, “Lyon, you are the very man + I am looking for.” I asked, “Why, Governor? I am on my way + to Washington to tender my services to the President in + behalf of the Union.” The Governor answered, “You are + hunting service, I see. Well, sir, I have a splendid + regiment enlisted, but want to have a man of some experience + for their Colonel, and as you have been in the Regular Army + and maintained a good reputation, I will give you the + position if you will take it. I grasped him by the hand and + thanked him with all my heart. This was more than I could + have expected. So, you see, I start off well. We are now in + camp. I am duly installed as Colonel. Harvey has been + mustered in and I have him detailed at my headquarters. He + seems to take to soldiering very readily. I have written + Jennie all about matters. I hope she and my darling children + are well and as happy as can be under the circumstances. + + “'Your affectionate son, + + “'David Lyon.' +</pre> + <p> + “He did not know that I had them at my house, and all were assisting + one another to keep up courage. This letter affected the whole family, and + caused many tears to fall, in joy as well as grief; joy that he had + succeeded so well at the beginning, and grief at his absence. That evening + Jennie received her letter from the 'Colonel' as we now called + him, all becoming very military in our language. Her letter was of the + same import, but much of it devoted to family affairs. This made Jennie + happy. We all retired and rested well that night, after pleasing the + children by telling them about their father being a great soldier, and + that they must be good children, and in that way cause their mother to + write pleasant things about them to their good papa.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0002" id="link2HCH0002"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER II. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF THE “GAPS.”—YOUNG HARVEY LYON BRUTALLY MURDERED.— + UNCLE DANIEL'S RETURN.—RAISING TROOPS IN SOUTHERN + INDIANA. + + “When sorrows come they come not single spies, but in + battalion.” —-Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + “Three days later Peter returned from Indianapolis, with full + authority for Tom Anderson to recruit a regiment for the Union service. + This was very gratifying to him, and he said to his wife, 'Mary, my + time will come.' She appeared happy over the news, but her quivering + lip, as she responded, gave evidence of her fears that the trial to her + was going to be severe. My good wife then called us into tea, and when we + were all seated, Mary said to her: + </p> + <p> + “'Aunt Sarah, you have not yet told us your dream. Don't + you remember, you promised to tell it to me? Now let us hear it, please.” + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, my child. It has troubled me very much; and yet I don't + believe there is any cause for alarm at what one may dream.' + </p> + <p> + “'Mother, let us hear it,' spoke up Peter; 'it + might be something that I could interpret. You know I try to do this + sometimes; but I am not as great a success as Daniel of old.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, my son, it was this: I thought your father and I were + in the garden. He was pulling some weeds from the flower-bed, when he was + painfully stung on both hands by some insect. Soon his fingers began + dropping off—all five from his right hand and his thumb and little + finger from his left.' + </p> + <p> + “Tom laughingly said, 'Uncle, hold up your hands;' which + I did, saying, 'You see my fingers are not gone.' Whereupon + they all laughed except Peter. + </p> + <p> + “My wife said to him: + </p> + <p> + “'My son, what is your interpretation of my dream! It troubles + me.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, mother, I will not try it now. Let the war interpret + it; it will do it correctly, doubtless. Let us talk about something else. + You know dreams amount to nothing now-a-days.' + </p> + <p> + “During all this time, Peter wore a serious countenance. We + discussed the matter as to how Tom should go about raising his regiment. + It was understood that he should start out at once, and that Peter should + take the recruits, as fast as organized into companies, and place them in + the camp of instruction at Indianapolis. The next morning Tom opened a + recruiting office in Allentown, placed Peter temporarily in charge, and + started through the country making speeches to the people (he was quite an + orator), and soon succeeded in arousing patriotic sentiments in and about + Allentown. After raising two companies, he extended his operations, going + down on the O. & M. R. R. to Saco, a town then of about 1,000 + inhabitants. While addressing the people, a mob gathered and were about to + hang him. He stood them off until the Union people came to his rescue and + saved his life.” + </p> + <p> + “That is just as it was where I lived,” said Col. Bush. + “I know of just such a case, where a mob tried the same thing; some + of them, however, repented before they went to heaven, I hope.” + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel continued: + </p> + <p> + “He left the town, however, under a guard and returned home. Soon + after this he made a second effort, by arming 20 resolute men of his + recruits with Colt's revolvers, which he procured from the Governor + of the State, and returned to Saco. He at once gave notice that he would + speak the next day. When the time arrived, he told his men to take + positions in the crowd, scattering as well as they could in his front. + This done he commenced his speech. Soon mutterings of the crowd could be + heard, and finally the storm came and they rushed towards the stand. He + shouted at the top of his voice, “Hold!” at the same time + drawing his revolver, declaring he would shoot the first man that advanced + another step, and also raising his left hand above his head. This was a + signal for his men to “fall in,” and they all rushed into line + in his front with drawn weapons. The crowd instantly ran in all + directions, much to the amusement and gratification of Tom. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0002" id="linkimage-0002"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0030.jpg" alt="Tom and the Mob 030 " /> + </div> + <p> + “There were some loyal men in that community, and before leaving + Saco, Tom had raised a full company. When the day came for them to leave, + they marched with the flag presented to them by the ladies of the town + proudly waving, and with drum and fife making all the noise possible. + There was no more disturbance there, except in secret. The 'secesh' + element murdered several soldiers afterwards, and continued secretly + hostile to the success of our army. In a few days after this Tom had + recruited another company. There seemed then to be an immediate demand for + a regiment, with a brave and daring officer, at the Capital, for some + reason not then made known. Tom was ordered to have his four companies + mustered in, and, attached to six already in camp; he was commissioned + Colonel, and the regiment was numbered the —— Indiana Infantry + Volunteers. Tom Anderson looked the soldier in every respect. He was five + feet eleven, straight as an arrow, well-built, large, broad shoulders, + black eyes and hair, and martial in his bearing. + </p> + <p> + “He placed his family in my charge. The next day after Tom had left + (Peter Lyon, my son, having gone before him with the recruits), my wife, + Mary, Jennie, the three children and myself, were all on the porch, when a + tall man, fully six feet, rather fine looking, made his appearance at the + gate, and asked if that was where Daniel Lyon lived. As I answered in the + affirmative, he opened the gate and walking in, saluted us all with: + </p> + <p> + “'How do you do? Do you not recognize me? I am James Lyon.' + </p> + <p> + “I sprang to him and grasped his hand, his mother threw her arms + around his neck and wept for joy, the other women greeted him heartily, + and the little children rushed to him. Although they had never seen him + before, they knew he was some one they were glad to see, as their fathers + and uncles, whom they knew, were gone from them. We all sat down and the + Doctor, as I must call him (being a physician by profession), gave us some + of his experiences of the last few weeks. When he received my letter and + commenced getting ready to leave, the people of Winchester suspected him + of preparing to go North to aid the Union, and so they threw his drugs + into the street, destroyed his books, and made him leave town a beggar. He + walked several miles, and finally found an old friend, who loaned him + money enough to get to my place.” + </p> + <p> + Mr. Reeves, who was of the party, said: + </p> + <p> + “I have been through all that and more, too. I had to leave my wife + and family, and was almost riddled with bullets besides; but it is all + past now.” + </p> + <p> + “I have been greatly interested, Uncle Daniel,” said Dr. + Adams, “and am taking down all you say in shorthand, and intend to + write it up.” + </p> + <p> + “The next day,” continued Uncle Daniel, “the newspapers + had telegrams stating that the troops at Columbus and other places had + been ordered to the East for active operations. I said to Dr. James that + he must stay with the family while I went to Washington, as I wanted to + see the President on matters of importance. The truth was, I wanted to see + David and Harvey, as well as the President. I started the next morning, + after telling the women and children to be of good cheer. + </p> + <p> + “When I reached Washington I found the army had moved to the front, + and was daily expecting an engagement, but I could not understand where. I + at once visited the President, to whom I was well known, and told him my + desire, which was to see my sons. He promptly gave me a note to the + Provost-Marshal, which procured me a pass through the lines. That night I + was in the camp of my son David, who, you remember, was a Colonel. After + our greeting we sat down by his camp chest, upon which was spread his + supper of cold meat, hard crackers and coffee, the whole lighted by a + single candle inserted in the shank of a bayonet which was stuck in the + ground. While enjoying the luxury of a soldier's fare I told him all + about the family, his own in particular. Harvey enjoyed the things said of + him by the children which I repeated. The Colonel, however, seemed + thoughtful, and did not incline to very much conversation. Looking up with + a grave face he said to me: + </p> + <p> + “'Father, to-morrow may determine the fate of the Republic. I + am satisfied that a battle, and perhaps a terrible one, will be fought + very near here.'” + </p> + <p> + 'I asked him about the armies, and he replied that we had a very + large army, but poorly drilled and disciplined; that the enemy had the + advantage in this respect. As to commanding officers, they were alike on + both sides, with but little experience in handling large armies. He + suggested that we retire to rest, so that we could be up early, but urged + me to stay at the rear, and not go where I would be exposed. To this I + assented. Soon we retired to our couches, which were on the ground, with + but one blanket apiece and no tent over us. I did not sleep that night. My + mind was wandering over the field in anticipation of what was to occur. + </p> + <p> + Early next morning I heard the orders given to march in the direction of + the gaps. Wagons were rolling along the road, whips were cracking, and + teamsters in strong language directing their mules; artillery was noisy in + its motion; the tramp of infantry was steady and continuous; cavalrymen + were rushing to and fro. I started to the rear, as my son had directed, + and ate my breakfast as I rode along. About 10 o'clock I heard + musket shots, and soon after artillery; then the musketry increased. I + listened for awhile. Troops were rushing past me to the front. As I was + dressed in citizen's clothes, the boys would occasionally call out + to me, 'Old chap, you had better get back;' but I could not. I + was moved forward by some strong impulse, I knew not what, and finally + found myself nearing the front with my horse on the run. Soon I could see + the lines forming, and moving forward into the woods in the direction of + the firing, I watched closely for my son's command, and kept near + it, but out of sight of the Colonel, as I feared he would be thinking of + my being in danger, and might neglect his duty. The battle was now fully + opened—the artillery in batteries opening along the line, the + infantry heavily engaged, the cavalry moving rapidly to our flanks. + Steadily the line moved on, when volley after volley rolled from one end + of the line to the other. Now our left was driven back, then the line + adjusted and advanced again. The rebel left gave way; then the center. Our + cavalry charged, and our artillery was advanced. A shout was heard all + along the line, and steadily on our line moved. The rebels stubbornly + resisted, but were gradually giving way. The commanding General rode along + the line, encouraging all by saying: + </p> + <p> + “'The victory is surely ours, Press forward steadily and + firmly; keep your line closed up;' and to the officers, 'Keep + your commands well in hand.' + </p> + <p> + “He felt that he had won the day. For hours the battle went steadily + on in this way. I rode up and down the line watching every movement. I + took position finally where I could see the enemy. I never expected to see + officers lead their men as the rebels did on that day. They would rally + their shattered ranks and lead them back into the very jaws of death. Many + fell from their horses, killed or wounded; the field was strewn with the + dead and dying; horses were running in different directions riderless. I + had never seen a battle, and this was so different from what I had + supposed from reading, I took it for granted that, both sides being + unacquainted with war, were doing many things not at all military. I + learned more about it afterward, however. From an eminence, where I had + posted myself, I could see a large column of fresh troops filing into the + plain from the hills some miles away. They were moving rapidly and coming + in the direction of the right flank of our army. I at once rode as fast as + I could to the left, where my son was inline, and for the first time that + day showed myself to him. He seemed somewhat excited when he saw me, and + asked: 'In Heaven's name what are you doing here?' + </p> + <p> + “I said: 'Never mind me, I am in no danger.' + </p> + <p> + “I then told him what I had seen, and he at once sent an orderly, + with a note to the General commanding. In a short time, however, we heard + the assault made on our right. It was terrific. Our troops gave way and + commenced falling back. The alarm seemed to go all along the line, and a + general retreat began without orders. Soon the whole army was leaving the + field, and without further resistance gave away the day. The rebel army + was also exhausted, and seemed to halt, in either joy or amazement, at the + action of our forces. + </p> + <p> + “Just as our army retired I found a poor young officer wounded. I + let him take my horse, thinking that I could walk as fast as the army + could march. I came to the place formerly occupied by my son's + regiment. There I found quite a number of wounded men, and my young son + Harvey trying to help one of his comrades from the field. + </p> + <p> + “Neither army was then in sight. I heard the sound of horses' + hoofs; looked up, and saw a cavalry troop coming. I supposed it to be our + own, and did not move. They dashed up where we were, and Col. Hunter, in + command, drew his sabre and cut my dear boy down. I caught him as he fell, + his head being cleft open. I burst out loudly in grief, and was seized as + a prisoner. I presume my dress and gray hair saved my life. I was torn + from my son and made to walk some three miles, to the headquarters of Gen. + Jones, who heard my story about my adventure and my dead boy. He at once + released me and sent an officer with me to that part of the field where my + dead child lay. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0003" id="linkimage-0003"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0035.jpg" alt="Death of Harvey Lyon 035 " /> + </div> + <p> + “I shall ever respect Gen. Jones. He is still living, and respected + highly for his great soldierly qualities. I walked on the line of our + retreat until I came up with a man driving an ambulance. I took him back + with me and brought my son away from the field to the camp of his brother, + whom I found in great distress about Harvey, but he was not aware of what + had befallen him. I pointed to the ambulance, he looked and saw him lying + there dead. He fell on my neck and accused himself for having brought the + young boy away from home to encounter the perils of war. I was going to + take his body back to his mother, but the Colonel said: + </p> + <p> + “'No; bury him like a soldier on the battlefield.' + </p> + <p> + “So I gave way, and we buried him that night in the best manner we + could. He now lies in the cemetery at Arlington. My sorrow was great then, + but I am past it all now, and can grieve no more.” + </p> + <p> + Col Bush here interrupted, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Uncle Daniel, you made a narrow escape. My heavens! to think + of a father carrying his young son dead from the battlefield, slain by an + enemy in such a villainous and dastardly way.” + </p> + <p> + “What a blow to a father,” said Dr. Adams. “Uncle + Daniel, this Colonel was a demon to strike down a youth while assisting a + wounded comrade. He deserved to be killed.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, it would seem so. I felt just as you do, and my son David + uttered many imprecations against him. But, you see, we forgave all these + men and acquited them of all their unholy deeds. Col. Hunter has become a + very prominent man since the war, and now holds a high position in one of + the Southern States. You know, in the South, the road to high position + since the war has been through the rebel camps.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, yes! Uncle Daniel, that is true. Not so, however, with us in + the North. The road to high position here is not through the Union camps, + but through wealth and the influence of what is called elegant society, + where no questions are asked as to how or where you got your money, so you + have it.” + </p> + <p> + “It does seem so, Doctor, now; but it was not so in our earlier + days. I am sorry to confess that this change has taken place. + </p> + <p> + “After going through the scenes of this battle, now called the + battle of the 'Gaps,' and burying my son, I felt for the time + as if I could have no heart in anything the only thought on my mind was + how to break the sad news to his mother. The Colonel said he would keep + the name from the list of the dead until I could return home to be with + the mother, so as to console her in her grief. I bade my son, the Colonel, + farewell. There he stood, quiet and erect, the great tears rolling down + his cheeks. I commenced my sad journey alone. In going to Washington I + overtook straggling detachments, teams without drivers, and found on the + road general waste of army materials, and equipage of all kinds in large + quantities. Arriving in Washington, everything was in great confusion. The + old General then in command of all the forces was dignified and martial in + his every look and movement, but evidently much excited. There was no + danger, however, as both armies were willing to stand off without another + trial of arms for the present. I saw the President and told him what I had + witnessed, as well as my misfortune. I advised that no movement of our + forces be again attempted without further drilling and better discipline, + as I was sure good training would have prevented the disaster of that day. + On my way home I was oppressed with grief, causing many inquiries of me as + to my distress, which only made it necessary for me to repeat my sad story + over and over again until I reached Allentown. My friends, there was the + great test of my strength and manhood. How could I break this to my wife? + They had all heard the news of the battle, and were in sorrow over our + country's misfortune. On entering the gate all rushed out on the + porch to welcome me back, eager for news; but my countenance told the sad + story. The Doctor was the first to speak: + </p> + <p> + “'We know about the battle, father,' said he; 'but + your face tells me something has happened to the boys. What is it?' + </p> + <p> + “Sarah and the women stood as pale as death, but could not speak. + Then I broke down, but tried to be as calm as I could, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Our dear Harvey is killed.' + </p> + <p> + “My wife fell upon my neck and sobbed and cried aloud in despair + until I thought her heart would break. The children ran out to their + mother, crying: + </p> + <p> + “'Oh! mother, what is the matter? Is papa hurt? Is he shot?' + </p> + <p> + “They screamed, and the scene was one that would have melted the + strongest heart. James stood and gazed on the scene. When all 'became + somewhat calm, my wife was tenderly placed in bed, and Jennie, after + hearing that the Colonel was safe, staid with her. To the others I related + my experience on the battlefield, and the death of Harvey, his burial, my + capture and release, my arrival at and departure from Washington, and all + up to the time I reached home. The saddest time I ever spent in my life + was during the long, weary hours of that night; the attempt to reconcile + my wife to our sad fate, the fears expressed by the wives of the Colonel + and Tom, the questions of the children, and their grief and sobs for their + Uncle Harvey—they all loved him dearly; he had petted them and + played with them frequently, entertaining them in a way that children care + so much for. Many days my wife was confined to her bed, the Doctor keeping + close watch over her. Weeks of sadness and gloom in our household passed + before we seemed to take the matter as a part of what many would have to + experience in this dreadful and wicked attempt to destroy the peace and + happiness of our people. In the meantime, Col. Tom Anderson (as he was now + a Colonel), and my son Peter, who had been made a Captain in Col. Anderson's + regiment, came home to see us, and tried to make it as pleasant for us as + could be done under the circumstances. When Peter heard of Harvey's + death, through Col. Anderson, he was very much affected and wept bitterly. + </p> + <p> + “'That dream haunts me,' he said, 'by day and by + night. I know my fate so well.' + </p> + <p> + “This amazed the Colonel, and he asked Peter what he meant by this + nonsense. + </p> + <p> + “'I know,' said Peter, 'but—' + </p> + <p> + “'But what?' asked the Colonel. + </p> + <p> + “'Nothing,' replied Peter, and the conversation on that + subject dropped for the time being. + </p> + <p> + “The visit of Col. Tom and Capt. Peter, as we now out of courtesy + called them, made the time pass much more pleasantly. Col. Tom and the + Doctor, both being good conversationalists, kept the minds of the family + as much away from the battle of the Gaps as possible. The Doctor having + lived in Virginia and Col. Anderson in Mississippi, their conversation + naturally turned on the condition of the South. The Doctor said 'there + are in Virginia many Union men, but they were driven into secession by the + aggressiveness and ferocity of those desiring a separation from the + Government. + </p> + <p> + “'Those people are opposed to a Republican form of Government, + and if they succeed in gaining a separation and independence, sooner or + later they will take on the form of the English Government. They now + regard the English more favorably than they do the Northern people, and + the most surprising thing to me is to see the sentiment in the North in + favor of the success of this (the Southern) rebellion. True, it is + confined to one political party, but that is a strong party in the North + as well as the South. + </p> + <p> + “'One of the dangers that will confront us is the tiring out + of our Union people at some stage of the war, and following on that the + success by the sympathizers with the rebellion in the elections North. If + this can be brought about it will be done. This is part of the Southern + programme, and they have their men selected in every Northern State.'” + </p> + <p> + “'I have heard this discussed frequently, and their statements + as to the assurances that they have from all over the North—in New + York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Illinois, and so on. In Ohio, their + chief adviser from the North, Mr. Valamburg, resides. Such men as “Dan” + Bowen and Thos. A. Stridor, both very influential and prominent men, are + regarded as ready to act in concert with them at any moment. Should that + party succeed, with such men as I have mentioned as leaders, the + independence of the Confederacy would at once be acknowledged, on the + ground that we have failed to suppress the rebellion, and that a further + continuance of the war would only prove an absolute failure; and I fear + that our Northern peacemakers would then cry “peace! peace!” + and acquiesce in this outrage upon our Republic and our Christian + civilization,” 'Yes,' replied Col. Tom; 'but, + Doctor—there is a feature preceding that which should be carefully + considered. I fear, since I have heard what is going on here, that these + Northern secessionists and sympathizers will organize in our rear and + bring on war here at home. I was ordered to the Capital to watch this + movement. They are organizing all around us. I was about to be mobbed near + here for trying to raise troops for the Union army. Thos. A. Strider, of + whom you spoke, is doing everything he can to discourage enlistments. He + speaks of the Republican President as “a tyrant and this war as an + unholy abolition war,” and people listen to him. He has been + considered a kind of oracle in this State for many years, as you know.' + </p> + <p> + “Just then Jennie returned from the post-office with two letters + from Col. David—one to her and one to the Doctor. This concluded the + conversation between Col. Tom and the Doctor. Jennie's letter gave + her a more complete description of the battle of the Gaps than any he had + heretofore sent. He spoke of my appearance on the ground and the tragic + death of Harvey. The household assembled and listened with great + attention, except my wife, who went weeping to her room, as she could not + hear of her boy without breaking down, wondering why it was her fate to be + so saddened thus early in the contest. The Doctor opened his letter and + found that the Assistant Surgeon of Col. David's regiment had died + from a wound received at the battle of the Gaps, and the Governor of Ohio + had commissioned Dr. James Lyon Assistant Surgeon at the request of the + Colonel. He was directed to report to his regiment at once. This was very + gratifying to the Doctor, as he felt inclined to enter the service. + </p> + <p> + When his mother heard this she again grew very melancholy, and seemed to + think her whole family were, sooner or later, to enter the army and + encounter the perils and vicissitudes of war. The next morning the Doctor + bade us all good-by, and left for the army of the East. The visit of Col. + Anderson and Pefer helped to distract our attention from the affliction + which was upon us. Peter, however, was very quiet and seemed in a deep + study most of the time. His mother finally asked him if he had thought of + her dream, saying it troubled her at times. He smiled, and answered: + </p> + <p> + “'Mother, I think this war will interpret it. You know there + is nothing in dreams,' thus hoping to put her mind at rest by his + seeming indifference; but he afterwards told Col. Anderson his + interpretation.” + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams here asked Uncle Daniel if he knew Peter's interpretation. + </p> + <p> + “Yes; it was certainly correct, and so it will appear to you as we + proceed in this narrative, should you wish to hear me through.” + </p> + <p> + “My dear sir, I have never been so interested in all my life, and + hope you will continue until you tell us all. I am preserving every + sentence.” + </p> + <p> + “The day passed off quietly, and next morning Col. Anderson and + Peter left for their command. Mary was brave; she gave encouragement to + her husband and all others who left for the Union army. She was very + loyal, and seemed to be full of a desire to see the Union forces succeed + in every contest. In fact, the letter of her brother to her husband seemed + to arouse her almost to desperation; she went about quietly, but showed + determination in every movement. She taught her little daughter patriotism + and devotion to the cause of our country, and religiously believed that + her husband would yet make his mark as a gallant and brave man. She gave + encouragement to my good wife Sarah, and to Jennie, Col. David's + wife. She told me afterwards, out of the hearing of the others, that she + hoped every man on the Union side would enter the army and help crush out + secession forever.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0003" id="link2HCH0003"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER III. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF TWO RIVERS.—COL. TOM ANDERSON MEETS HIS BROTHER- + IN-LAW.—UNCLE DANIEL BECOMES AN ABOLITIONIST.—A WINTER + CAMPAIGN AGAINST A REBEL STRONGHOLD. + + “Cease to consult; the time for action calls, + War, horrid war approaches.”—Homer +</pre> + <p> + For a season battles of minor importance were fought with varying success. + In the meantime Col. Anderson had been ordered with his command to join + the forces of Gen. Silent, at Two Rivers. + </p> + <p> + Here there was quiet for a time. + </p> + <p> + “At length, however, orders came for them to move to the front. For + a day or so all was motion and bustle. Finally the army moved out, and + after two days' hard marching our forces struck the enemy's + skirmishers. Our lines moved forward and the battle opened. Col. Anderson + addressed his men in a few eloquent words, urging them to stand, never + acknowledge defeat or think of surrender. The firing increased and the + engagement became general. Gen. Silent sat on his horse near by, his staff + with him, watching the action. Col. Anderson was pressing the enemy in his + front closely, and as they gave way he ordered a charge, which was + magnificently executed. + </p> + <p> + “As the enemy gave back, evidently becoming badly demoralized, he + looked and beheld before him Jos. Whitthorne. + </p> + <p> + “The recognition was mutual, and each seemed determined to outdo the + other. Anderson made one charge after another, until the enemy in his + front under command of his wife's brother retreated in great + confusion. Col. Anderson, in his eagerness to capture Whitthorne, advanced + too far to the front of the main line, and was in great danger of being + surrounded. He perceived the situation in time, and at once changed front, + at the same time ordering his men to fix bayonets. Drawing his sword and + rising in his stirrups, he said: + </p> + <p> + “'Now, my men, let us show them that a Northern man is equal + to any other man.' + </p> + <p> + “He then ordered them forward at a charge bayonets, riding in the + centre of his regiment. Steadily on they went, his men falling at every + step, but not a shot did they fire, though they were moving almost up to + the enemy's lines. The rebel commander shouted to his men: + </p> + <p> + “'What are these? Are they men or machines?' + </p> + <p> + “The rebel line wavered a moment, and then gave way. At that instant + a shot struck Col. Anderson's horse and killed it, but the Colonel + never halted. He disengaged himself, and pushing forward on foot, regained + his line, and left the enemy in utter rout and confusion. Whitthorne was + not seen again that day by Anderson. The battle was still raging on all + the other parts of the line. First one side gained an advantage, then the + other, and so continued until night closed in on the combatants. A truce + was agreed to, and hostilities ceased for the time being. + </p> + <p> + “The Colonel worked most of the night, collecting his wounded and + burying his dead. His loss was quite severe, in fact, the loss was very + heavy throughout both armies. Late in the night, while searching between + the lines for one of his officers, he met Whitthorne. They recognized each + other. Col. Anderson said to him: + </p> + <p> + “'Jo, I am glad to see you, but very sorry that we meet under + such circumstances.' + </p> + <p> + “Whitthorne answered: + </p> + <p> + “'I cannot say that I am glad to see you, and had it not been + for making my sister a widow, you would have been among the killed to-day.' + </p> + <p> + “The Colonel turned and walked away without making any reply, but + said to himself: + </p> + <p> + “'Can that man be my wife's brother? I will not, + however, condemn him; his blood is hot now; he may have a better heart + than his speech would indicate.” + </p> + <p> + “Thus meditating, he returned to his bivouac. In the morning the + burying parties were all that was to be seen of the enemy. He had + retreated during the night, and very glad were our forces, as the battle + was well and hard fought on both sides. The forces were nearly equal as to + numbers. + </p> + <p> + “Col. Anderson did not see the General commanding for several days; + when he did the latter said to him: + </p> + <p> + “Colonel, you handle your men well; were you educated at a military + school?' + </p> + <p> + “The Colonel answered: + </p> + <p> + “'No; I am a lawyer.' + </p> + <p> + “General Silent remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'I am very sorry for that,' and walked on. + </p> + <p> + “Tom wrote his wife a full report of this battle. He called it the + battle of Bell Mountain. It is, however, called Two Rivers. He said that + Gen. Silent was a curious little man, rather careless in his dress; no + military bearing whatever, quite unostentatious and as gentle as a woman; + that he did not give any orders during the battle, but merely sat and + looked on, the presumption being that while everything was going well it + was well enough to let it alone. In his report he spoke highly of Col. + Anderson as an officer and brave man. + </p> + <p> + “This letter of the Colonel's filled his wife's heart + with all the enthusiasm a woman could possess. She was proud of her + husband. She read and re-read the letter to my wife and Jennie, and called + her little daughter and told her about her father fighting so bravely. We + were all delighted. He spoke so well of Peter also. Said 'he was as + cool as an icebox during the whole engagement.' He never mentioned + to his wife about meeting her brother Jo on the field until long + afterwards. + </p> + <p> + “The troops of this army were put in camp and shortly recruited to + their maximum limit. Volunteering by this time was very active. No longer + did our country have to wait to drum up recruits. The patriotic fires were + lighted up and burning brightly: drums and the shrill notes of the fife + were heard in almost every direction. Sympathizers with rebellion had + hushed in silence for the present—but for the present only.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0004" id="linkimage-0004"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0045.jpg" + alt="The Charge of Col. Anderson's Regiment 045 " /> + </div> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel,” said Major Isaac Clymer, who had been silent + up to this time, “I was in that engagement, in command of a troop of + cavalry, and saw Col. Anderson make his bayonet charge. He showed the most + cool and daring courage that I have ever witnessed during the whole war, + and I was through it all. Gen. Pokehorne was in command of the rebels, and + showed himself frequently that day, urging his men forward. He was + afterwards killed at Kensington Mountain, in Georgia. We got the + information very soon after he fell, from our Signal Corps. They had + learned to interpret the rebel signals, and read the news from their + flags.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, I have heard it said by many that our Signal Corps could do + that, and I suppose the same was true of the other side.” + </p> + <p> + “O, yes,” said Col. Bush, “that was understood to be so, + and towards the end of the war we had to frequently change our signal + signs to prevent information being imparted in that way to our enemy.” + </p> + <p> + “There was a Colonel,” said Major Clymer, “from + Arkansas, in command of a rebel brigade, in that battle, who acted with + great brutality. He found some of our Surgeons on the field dressing the + wounds of soldiers and drove them away from their work and held them as + prisoners while the battle lasted, at the same time saying, with an oath, + that the lives of Abolitionists were not worth saving.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes. The Colonel mentioned that in his letter and spoke of it when + I saw him. He said it was only one of the acts of a man instinctively + barbarous. His name was Gumber—Col. Gumber. He has been a prominent + politician since the war, holding important positions. You know, these + matters are like Rip Van Winkle's drinks—they don't + count, especially against them.” + </p> + <p> + “'But among Christian people they should,' said Dr. + Adams. + </p> + <p> + “'That is true, but it does not. There are two distinct + civilizations in this country, and the sooner our people recognize this + fact the sooner they will understand what is coming in the future. But, + returning to my story, the winter was now coming on, and I had to make + provision for the families that were in my charge, so I called the women + together and had a council as to what we would do for the best; the first + thing was to arrange about sending the little girls to school. After + discussing it, we concluded to start them the next day to the common + school. Our public schools were said to be very good. So the next morning + my wife, Mary and Jennie all started with the children to school. They saw + the teacher and talked with her, telling her that their fathers were in + the army, and she entered them in school. They came and went, back and + forth, and seemed greatly pleased during the first week, but on Wednesday + of the second week, they came running home crying and all dirty, saying + that some of the school children had pelted them with clods and pebbles, + calling them Abolitionists. Little Jennie said to me: + </p> + <p> + “'Grandpa, what is an Abolitionist?' + </p> + <p> + “I replied: 'One who desires the colored people to be free, + and not sold away to strangers like cattle.' + </p> + <p> + “'Grandpa, do white people sell colored people like they sell + cows?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, my child.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, grandpa, is that right?' + </p> + <p> + “'I think not, my child. Would it be right for me to sell you + away from your mother and send you where you would never see her again?' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh! no, grandpa; you would not be so wicked as that. I would + cry myself to death; and mamma—what would she do without me, she + loves me so?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, said little Sarah, 'I love sister, too. I would + cry, too, if you sent her away where I could not see her. Why, grandpa, + people don't do that, do they? Your are only fooling sister.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, no, child; in the South, where the war is, there are a + great many colored people living. They are called slaves. They work for + their masters and only get what they eat and wear, and their masters very + often sell them and send the men away from their wives and children, and + their babies away from their mothers and fathers.' + </p> + <p> + “'Grandpa, do they ever sell white people?' asked + Jennie. + </p> + <p> + “'No, my child.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, why don't they sell white people, too?' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh, my child, the law only allows colored people to be sold.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, grandpa, I don't think any good people ever sell + the little children away from their mothers, any way.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, my child, nor any grown people either.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, grandpa, you wouldn't sell anybody, would you?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, my child, I would not.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, then, grandpa, you are an Abolitionist.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, in that sense I am.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, grandpa, I am one, too, and I will just say so at + school, and will tell the boys and girls who threw clods at us and called + us Abolitionists that they sell people like cows, and that they are not + good people.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0005" id="linkimage-0005"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0048.jpg" + alt="Pupils Attacking the Little Abolitionist 048 " /> + </div> + <p> + “'Yes,' said little Mary Anderson, 'I know what + colored people are. They've plenty of them down where we came from. + They call them “niggers”. They are mighty good to me, grandpa, + and my papa doesn't sell 'em. He is a good man. He don't + do bad like those rebels, does he, ma?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, my child, your papa does not sell anybody. He is against + it. He never owned anyone. He does not think it right to own people.' + </p> + <p> + “'No; my papa don't, does he, ma? He is going to fight + the people that sell other people, ain't he, ma?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, my darling; but don't say any more. Let us go in + and get our tea, and you will feel better.' + </p> + <p> + “This interference of little Mary and her mother let me out of a + scrape, for I say to you, friends, that I was getting into deep water and + would have very soon lost my soundings if Jennie and little Sarah had kept + after me much longer. You see, the truth is that I had never been an + Abolitionist, but a Freesoil Democrat; but soon I became a full-fledged + Abolitionist after our flag was fired upon by the Secessionists. + </p> + <p> + “However, we all entered the house, and after tea, the children + being put to bed, we held another council and decided that inasmuch as + there was such great excitement in the country, and Allentown being such a + hot-hole of rebel sympathizers, it was not safe even to allow our children + to attend the schools. Jennie, however, being a good scholar and having + prior to her marriage taught school, we unanimously elected her our family + teacher, and setting apart a room, duly installed her on the next Monday + morning over our Abolition school, as we found on the evening of our + discussion with the children that they had converted the household by + their innocent questions. + </p> + <p> + “The next day I rode out to my son David's farm and saw Joseph + Dent, the man whom I had left in charge. I inquired of him if everything + was all right about the place, and he told me that he had moved his family + into David's house, as he feared some damage might be done to it, + having seen several persons prowling about at different times. He did not + know who they were, but was sure they meant mischief, as they were very + abusive of the Colonel, calling him a 'Lincoln dog,' after the + manner of Dan Bowen in his speech. + </p> + <p> + “Joseph said he was now prepared for them; that he had another man + staying with him, and if I would go with him he would show me what they + had done. I did as he asked me, he led the way into the house and + upstairs, where he showed me a couple of holes cut through the wall in + each room, just beneath the eaves, and standing in the corner was a + regular arsenal of war materials. I said to him that he seemed to be in + for war. The tears started in his eyes, and he said: + </p> + <p> + “'Uncle Daniel, I am an old soldier; was in Capt. David's + company when he was in the Regular Army. I came to him three years ago + when my enlistment was out. I will defend everything on these premises + with my life. I would be in the army now with the Colonel (I am used to + calling him Captain) if he had not asked me to stay here and take care of + his farm. These “secesh” will not get away with me and my + partner very easily, and should you hear of this fort being stormed, you + bring some men with you to pick up the legs and pieces of the fellows who + shall undertake it. Do not be afraid; we will take care of all here.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, Joseph, I see that. I will tell Jennie, and also write + the Colonel how splendidly you are doing.' + </p> + <p> + “'Thanks,' said Joseph, giving me the regular soldier's + salute. 'Is there anything wanted at your house, sir? Tell the + Colonel's wife that I will bring down anything that she may be + wanting at any time. I will certainly bring a load of wood in to-morrow.' + </p> + <p> + “We were in the habit of getting many things from the farm—butter, + eggs, chickens, potatoes, etc. All our wood came from there. Joseph was + very useful in many ways. I returned home satisfied that all was going + well at the farm. + </p> + <p> + “The weather was now getting cold and disagreeable; too much so, it + was thought, for any very serious army movements on our Western lines. The + rebels had collected a very heavy force at Dolinsburg, situated on a high + ridge, with hills sloping down to Combination River, one of the + tributaries of the Ohio. Here they had built an immense fortress, with + wings running out from either side for a great distance; on the outer + walls were placed large guns, sweeping and commanding the river to the + north. The rebels were well prepared with all kinds of war materials, as + well as in the numbers of their effective force, to defend their works + against great odds. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent, who, it seems, always did everything differently from + what the enemy expected him to do, conceived the idea that he would try to + dislodge them. When the enemy heard that he was preparing to move against + them, they but laughed at such an attempt. + </p> + <p> + “The General, however, made ready, gave his orders, and his army was + soon in motion. The direction in which our army was to march was very soon + known, as it was impossible to keep any of our movements a secret, on + account of the great desire of newspapers to please everybody and keep + every one posted on both sides, the rebels as well as friends; which + prompted them to publish every movement made. This was called 'enterprise,' + and it has been considered patriotic devotion by many, especially the gold + gamblers and money kings. This was not permitted by our enemies; the + publication of any secret expedition or movement of their forces, by any + one inside of their lines, would cost him his life; and so in any army + save our Union army. Why was this? It does seem to me that this ought not + to have been so. I have often thought of it, and concluded it must have + been fear. 'The pen is mightier than the sword' has been + truthfully said. + </p> + <p> + “Our Congress was afraid of the press, and were not willing to make + laws stringent enough for the army on this subject. The President was + nervous in this respect, and commanding Generals were afraid of + criticisms; so it was the only class that had the privilege of doing and + saying what it wished to, and, my friends, that is one of our troubles + even now. Our statesmen are afraid to speak out and give their opinions, + without first looking around to see if any one has a pencil and notebook + in his hand. This is getting to be almost unbearable, to find some person + in nearly every small assemblage of people, on the street, in the hotel, + in the store, even in your own private house, reporting what you have for + dinner, what this one said about some other one, what this one did or + said, or expects to do or say in the future. But I am wandering from my + story.” + </p> + <p> + “Well, Uncle Daniel, your discussions on all subjects are + interesting,” replied the Doctor. + </p> + <p> + “I have been thinking of what you said about the press during the + war,” said Col. Bush; “and taking what you said upon the + subject of our great ambition here in the North to get money, and let all + else take care of itself, I can see that the same sordid spirit pervaded + the press during our war; fortunes were made by many newspapers in that + way; everybody bought papers then; we sold the news to our own people for + money and furnished it to the rebels gratis. Get money, get money; that is + our worst feature, and most dangerous one it is, for the country's + welfare.” + </p> + <p> + “I agree with you, Colonel,” spoke up Maj. Clymer, “but + I would rather hear Uncle Daniel talk. On any other occasion I would be + delighted to hear you.” + </p> + <p> + “I beg pardon, Uncle Daniel,” replied the Colonel. “I + will hereafter be a patient and delighted auditor.” + </p> + <p> + “Well, when the army was under way there was great excitement and + alarm throughout the North among the Union people. Our armies in the East + had not been successful, and the sympathizers with the rebellion all over + the country were again beginning to be rather saucy. They would enjoy + getting together and reading of our defeats and discuss, to our + disadvantage, the failures of our attempts to subdue the rebellion, and in + this way made it very uncomfortable for any person who loved his country + and desired its success. They would in every way try to discourage our + people by saying 'this movement now commencing will only be a + repetition of what we have already had so often lately in the East.' + </p> + <p> + “But our army moved on, and during the march to the vicinity of + Combination River they were met by the enemy frequently, who were trying + to impede their march, and several severe skirmishes and minor engagements + occurred. They were now within some twenty miles of Dolinsburg Fortress, + when a sharp and very decisive engagement took place between one battalion + of cavalry, two batteries of artillery, and three regiments of infantry on + our side, where Col. Anderson was the ranking officer, and therefore in + command, and five regiments of infantry, two batteries and one troop of + cavalry on the side of the rebels. They were posted behind a small stream, + known as Snake Creek, having steep banks. The action commenced, as usual, + with the skirmishers. After reconnoitering the position well, the Colonel + determined to send his cavalry and one regiment around some distance, so + as to cross the stream and strike the enemy's left flank. He could + not expect re-enforcements, if they might be needed, very soon, as he + marched on the extreme southern road, so as to form the junction with the + other troops on their extreme right, touching Combination River to the + south of the enemy's works, so as to be the extreme right flank of + our army. The enemy, finding his force was superior in numbers, attempted + to cross the stream with his infantry. The two batteries were opened and + poured shrapnel into the advancing column, dealing havoc and slaughter on + all sides. They tried to keep their line, but they soon staggered, halted, + and fell back. The Colonel then opened a destructive musketry fire all + along the line. Just at this moment he heard the attack of his regiment of + infantry and troop of cavalry on their flank. He quickly advanced across + the stream, and the enemy was in utter rout. + </p> + <p> + “He captured all his guns—six 12-pound Napoleons and four + howitzers—and a large number of prisoners. He followed closely on + the rear of the enemy, gathering in stragglers and squads of men until + night closed in and compelled him to desist and go into camp. When safety + from surprise was assured, he sent for one of the prisoners to get some + information about the road and the fortifications, commands, etc. After + ascertaining many things that he considered important, he found, upon + further inquiry, that his enemy upon that afternoon was commanded by Col. + Jos. Whitthorne, his wife's brother. He turned and said to Peter, + who was standing near: + </p> + <p> + “'This man seems to be my evil genius. I hope I will not meet + him again. It seems hard that I am to continually meet my own kindred in + combat. Is it possible that these people are willing to spill the blood of + their own friends and kindred, merely because they have failed to retain + power longer, and for that reason will destroy the Government?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,” said Peter; 'they will never be content + except when they can control other people as well as the Government. But + see here, Colonel, do you see this?' showing him a great rent in the + breast of his coat and vest; 'a pretty close call, wasn't it?' + </p> + <p> + “'By George! it was that!' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, never mind; but was not this about as nice a little + fight as you would wish to have for an appetiser?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, you are quite right; and that reminds me that I have + not had a bite to eat since four o'clock this morning. By the way, + have you any cold coffee in your canteen?' + </p> + <p> + “'O, yes, I have learned to keep that on hand. Here, help + yourself.' + </p> + <p> + “The Colonel took a good drink, and turned to Peter and said: + </p> + <p> + “'What is the matter with that coffee? + </p> + <p> + “'Nothing; it is only laced a little.' + </p> + <p> + “'Laced? What is that?' + </p> + <p> + “'Why, I put a little brandy in it, that's all.' + </p> + <p> + “'That's all, is it? Well! that is something I have + learned. Let me taste it again.' + </p> + <p> + “Which he did, as Peter afterwards said, until there was none left. + I tell you these poor fellows were excusable for occasionally warming up + after a hard march or a battle. I have learned to look very leniently on + the shortcomings in that direction of the poor old unfortunate fellows who + are going through this hard world without a penny, after having served + their country faithfully. I see them nearly every day, forgotten, + neglected, no home, no friends to care for them; and to see them when they + pass by the American flag always salute it. I hope their fate will be a + better one in the next world. + </p> + <p> + “I well remember that during the war every one who cared for his + country would say, 'God bless the Union soldier and his family.' + We all prayed for them then; the good women in church, at home, in the + hospital, at the side of the sick, wounded or dying soldier, prayed + fervently for their safety here and hereafter. We loved him then, and say + we do yet; but we find the same men who reviled him then, complaining + about the pension list, and some saying: 'The Confederates fought + for what they believed to be right. We are all American citizens. Why not + put all on the same footing? Let us be brothers.' I tell you, my + friends, the people of this country are hard to understand. I heard the + President of the Southern Confederacy applauded this year. I was saddened + by this, and was glad that my time here could not be regarded as of great + duration. Can such things be? Am I dreaming? Where am I? Is it possible + that I am in Indiana and not in South Carolina? Am I under the Union flag, + and not the Confederate?” + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel here bowed his head, and in a whisper to himself, said: + </p> + <p> + “Is it so? Is it so?” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0004" id="link2HCH0004"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER IV. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF DOLINSBURG.—HEROIC CONDUCT OF COL. TOM ANDERSON + —REPORTED DEAD.—HIS WIFE REFUSES TO BELIEVE THE REPORT. + + “There was speech in their dumbness, language in their very + gesture, they looked as they had heard of a world ransomed, + or one destroyed, a notable passion of wonder appeared in + them; but the wisest beholder, that knew no more but seeing + could not say, if the importance were joy or sorrow; but in + the extremity of the one it must needs be.”—Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + The next morning the march was resumed. At an early hour the whole army + was in motion on different roads with the general understanding that the + command would close in line around the west side of the fortress that + afternoon. The weather being very disagreeable for marching, there was + delay on the roads, but, finally, late in the evening the army commenced + closing in and forming its line. The centre was commanded by General + Smote; the left, resting north, on the river, commanded by General + Waterberry, and the right, resting on an almost impassable slough, + connecting with the river, commanded by General McGovern. In moving into + position the place was found to be well protected by a heavy abatis and + chevaux-de-frise, from point to point, above and below the fortress. This + seemed impassable, and the enemy, seeing our army closing in around them, + kept up a terrible fire on our advancing columns, causing us very severe + loss in getting into position. It was at a late hour in the night (when + our lines were only partially formed) that our army rested, as best as + they could, in the snow and sleet; but not a murmur was heard. The next + morning our lines were advanced to the front and the impediments removed + as much as possible; though a severe and deadly fire was poured upon our + men most of the day. Late in the afternoon an assault was ordered in the + centre, and a bloody affair it was; again and again our brave fellows + moved on the works, but were as often driven back with severe loss. About + 'o'clock Gen. Silent came riding along with an orderly by his + side, his staff having been sent in different directions with orders. He + came up to where Col. Anderson was sitting on his horse, watching the + engagement in the centre. Gen. Silent, after passing the compliments of + the day, said to the Colonel: + </p> + <p> + “'Your engagement at Snake Creek (that being the name of the + creek where the Colonel met the enemy the day before) was a rather + brilliant affair as I learn it.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the Colonel; 'it was my first attempt + at commanding in a battle, but we had the best of it.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the General; 'and now I want to see + if you can do as well here. I wish you to assault the enemy's works + in this low ground on the right, in order to draw some of his forces away + from the centre; our forces are having a hard time of it there.' + </p> + <p> + “Col. Anderson gave the order at once to prepare for action—knapsacks + and blankets were thrown off, and the assaulting column formed. The + General rode away after saying: + </p> + <p> + “'It is not imperative that you enter their works; but make + the assault as effectual as you can without too great a sacrifice of men.' + </p> + <p> + “The Colonel looked at the ground over which they must pass and + viewed the works with his glass, but said not one word save to give the + command 'Forward!' On, on they went, and as they moved under a + torrent of leaden hail, men fell dead and wounded at every step; but they + went right up to the mouths of the cannon. There they stood and poured + volley after volley into the enemy, until at last he began to give way, + when re-enforcements came from the centre, as was desired. The Colonel's + force could stand no longer. Sullenly they fell back to a strip of woods + when night closed in, and the battle ceased for the day. + </p> + <p> + “Our lines were much nearer the enemy than in the morning. + </p> + <p> + “The centre held their ground at last, and all was still, Part of + the night was employed in hunting the dead and wounded. Many were wounded + and frozen to death, being left on the ground during the night. The + suffering in front of Dolinsburg was something almost indescribable—it + snowed, sleeted, hailed and froze during the whole of the night. The + troops did not sleep, nor did they attempt it; they had to form into + squads and walk around trees all night. No fires could be lighted—they + were so close to the enemy's entrenchments. Just at daylight the + sharp sound of their skirmishers was heard. They had concluded to move out + on our right and attack us on our flank, and open the way for the escape + of their army. On they came. Our line was soon formed and our musketry + opened. During the night one of our batteries had been brought up and + given position on a slight elevation to the right of Col. Anderson's + centre. The enemy opened furiously on our line, and in a few minutes our + battery was knocked to pieces and was charged by infantry. Here there was + a bloody conflict; men fell by the score; the snow was reddened by the + blood of both patriots and traitors. The smoke seemed to hover around the + trees and underbrush, as if to conceal the contending forces from each + other. The flame of musketry and the red glare of the cannons lighted up + the scene with a lurid tint. Limbs fell from the trees, and the ground was + mown as smoothly of weeds and underbrush as if by a scythe. Our right was + under orders to hold their position at all hazards. The battle, dreadful + and bloody, continued. By degrees the troops on the right of Col. Anderson + gave way and abandoned the field. At noon but one regiment besides Col. + Anderson's withstood the enemy on the right of our line. They were + terribly cut up, and having no food, were nearly exhausted. Their + ammunition was growing scarce, none having been brought up to this point + for their supply. In this condition they stood like a wall, under the most + galling fire of artillery and musketry, their comrades falling like grass + before the sickle. At length the enemy's cavalry appeared in the + rear; not in line, but as if observing the battle with a view of taking + advantage at the proper time of any mishap that might occur in our lines. + Col. Anderson seeing this, and feeling that his command was now in great + peril, conceived the idea of a bayonet charge on the line to his front, + and so ordered it. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0006" id="linkimage-0006"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0059.jpg" alt="Col. Anderson Wounded 059 " /> + </div> + <p> + “His line moved forward, in a double-quick, and with a shout drove + the enemy, who was stampeded by the impetuous assault. The Colonel, being + on foot, led his men right up to the works, the enemy having been driven + inside. As he leaped forward to them, with sword in hand, calling to his + men, 'Come on, my boys,' he fell, as they then thought, + mortally wounded. The enemy seeing this made a fresh assault, and drove + our force back. Col. Anderson was left on the field supposed to be dead. + The battle raged all along the line. Our right was driven and forced under + the brow of a hill. While under this partial shelter a portion of the + enemy made their escape through this unoccupied part of the field. At this + time our left made a successful assault upon the works of the enemy, + capturing their outer line and forcing them into their more contracted + lines but more strongly fortified. The centre had made several ineffectual + assaults and had lost in killed and wounded very heavily. Re-enforcements + came to the right, and a renewal of the assault all along the line was + ordered. To the work of blood and death the men again came forward with a + heroic will, and for about an hour the battle was like the long roll on a + thousand drums. The air was filled with shells; the heavens were lighted + up as if meteors were flying in all directions; the rumbling of artillery + was heard as batteries changed position, and the loud commands of excited + officers. On and on moved the serried masses. As the lines opened by the + dropping of the dead and wounded, 'close up, boys,' could be + heard. It was now about dusk. One grand charge all along the line, one + grand shout, 'up with the flag, boys!'—all was over, the + fortress was ours, and the Stars and Stripes floated over Dolinsburg. That + night, however, was a night of gloom and sorrow in our army. Gen. McGovern + was killed in the last assault. Gen. Smote was badly wounded and died a + few days later. Gen. Waterberry, a brave and gallant officer, fell a few + weeks later at the battle of Pittskuk.” + </p> + <p> + “I remember when Waterberry fell, poor fellow,” said Col. + Bush. + </p> + <p> + “Yes, many a poor fellow lost his life in those two battles. We + captured a great number of prisoners. Gen. Bertram surrendered. Many of + his leading officers were killed and wounded, and some made their escape + through the opening in our line on the right, where Col. Anderson fell + wounded.” + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams asked: “Uncle Daniel, did you ever hear of him? Was his + body found?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, Doctor, and the story of that and his recovery is a very + singular one. Peter searched diligently for him, but failed to find him; + this distressed him so much that he decided to ask for a leave and return + home, so as to stay a short time with the family and do what he could to + help us bear the sorrow of the Colonel's supposed death. After our + grief-stricken family could have the patience to listen to his recitals, + he gave us the story just as I have told it. Mrs. Anderson, although + stricken down with grief, insisted that her husband was not killed, or he + would have been found among the slain; that a man of such marked features + would have been noticed by some one who did the interring. The Captain + insisted that there could be no doubt but that he was killed. Time passed + on, but little Mary would continually ask, 'If her papa was dead?' + 'Was he shot?' Who had killed him?' and a thousand other + questions which constantly kept her mother thinking of the Colonel's + fate, and soon she determined to go in search of him. Peter was leaving + for his regiment, now under command of Colonel Rice. Col. Anderson having + been reported as killed, Rice had been promoted Colonel, and the regiment + had moved with the army in a southwesterly direction some considerable + distance from Dolinsburg. Still there had been troops left there, so that + it was perfectly safe to visit the battle-field, there being no rebel + force in that part of the country at that time. I agreed to go with her, + and made all the arrangements necessary for the family; the farm of Col. + David having been looked after, and our family-school reorganized under + Jennie, which had become demoralized by the news of Col. Anderson's + death. In the meantime we had heard from Col. David and James, who were + well, and also had letters from Stephen and Henry; both had joined the + army: Stephen in an infantry regiment from Ohio, where he lived, and Henry + in a cavalry regiment from Michigan, where he had been employed for a time + in surveying for a company; so at this time I had one son left not yet in + the army, he being my third son, Jackson, who was then engaged in + railroading in Minnesota. We had not heard from him for some time, and his + mother was sorely troubled, expecting soon to hear of the last of the + Lyons being in the army. This, she thought, was a little more than ought + to be required of any one family.” + </p> + <p> + “So say I, Uncle Daniel,” spoke up several of the listeners. + </p> + <p> + “True, true; but our country's demands should be satisfied by + her citizens, no matter what they may be. Well, when all was arranged, + Mary Anderson and I started. We went as far as we could by cars and boat, + and then obtained horses and traveled on horseback to Dolinsburg. Coming + to the pickets we were halted, and, on telling our errand and where we + were from, we were taken to the headquarters of Col. Harden, who was in + command of the post. We were well received and most hospitably treated by + himself and officers. They all sympathized with Mrs. Anderson; knew of the + Colonel's gallant conduct in battle, but all thought there was no + use of a search for him; that he was certainly killed in charging the + works near the fort. They showed us where he made the assault. After + resting for the night we started on our search, Capt. Day accompanying us + as guide and protector. We first went to the place where the Colonel fell, + but there was nothing but long trenches, where the dead had been buried. + We passed over the battle-field, which was mowed down smoothly by bullets. + Limbs of trees had fallen in confusion, furrows were plowed in the ground + by shell, horses' skeletons, broken muskets, pieces of wagons, parts + of caissons, spokes, ammunition boxes, pieces of blankets, coats, + pantaloons, parts of tents—everything in pieces, the evidences of a + great contest were marked at every step. Late in the afternoon, worn out + with walking and the excitement, we returned, very much disheartened. We + dined on soldier's fare, which seemed to us delicious. After + discussing the battle and the probabilities of the result of the war until + a late hour, we retired to the camp cots for a night's rest. Next + morning we got ready for a start. Mary Anderson inquired of Col. Harden + which way the rebels who got through our lines had retreated. He answered + her that they retreated on a road along the river up stream some + twenty-five miles, and then crossed on a boat that had come down the river + on its way to Dolinsburg, which was stopped by the retreating rebels. Mary + said: + </p> + <p> + “'Uncle Daniel, I am going to that place if I can be allowed + to do so.' + </p> + <p> + “I replied: 'This would be a very tiresome and fruitless trip, + my child; but if you will be any better satisfied by doing so, I will make + it with you.' + </p> + <p> + “Col. Harden said he would send a small escort for protection, + though there was no danger of any force of the enemy, but there probably + would be some wicked people there who might do us some harm. He had our + horses brought out, and sent Capt. Day and ten mounted men with us. The + road was somewhat rough, but very passable for saddle-horses. When we had + gone about ten miles we met a colored boy, some fourteen years old, who + said he was going to Dolinsburg. Mrs. Anderson rode on with Capt. Day. The + escort was in front of them. I asked the boy why he was going to + Dolinsburg. He said he lived about ten miles further up the river, and + that an old colored woman, called 'Aunt Martha,' had sent him + down to see if any soldiers were at Dolinsburg; and if so, to tell them + that there was a Union officer at her house, sick. + </p> + <p> + “'Do you know his name?' I asked. + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir; but Aunt Martha calls him Massa Tom.' + </p> + <p> + “I trembled all over. My blood was hot and cold by turns. + </p> + <p> + “'When and how did he come there?” asked. + </p> + <p> + “He said that the rebels had left him. My brain was now dizzy, and I + told him to turn back and take me to the place. We rode past the rest of + the company while they were resting for a short time. I told them I would + ride on to the place where the river was crossed, and wait there for them. + Mary was hearing all she could from Capt. Day about the battle, and so she + raised no objections. I inquired of the boy as to the appearance of the + sick officer. He described him as very pale, black hair, eyes and beard. I + could understand his being pale, and felt sure it was Col. Anderson. I + asked the boy if he ever spoke to him. He said he had not, but Aunt Martha + talked to him about his wife and little girl and Uncle Daniel. I now was + positive it was Tom. I reeled in my saddle and nearly fell from my horse. + What should I do? I could not tell Mary, for if it proved not to be him + she would not be able to bear it. So I rode on. After a long time we came + to the house. It was some hundred paces from the road, a square log cabin + or hut, occupied by an old colored woman ('Aunt Martha ') and + her husband('Ham'), both over sixty years, I should judge. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0007" id="linkimage-0007"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0064.jpg" alt="Uncle Daniel Meets Aunt Martha 064 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The old aunty was in the yard, a smooth, hard, flat piece of + ground, fenced off by a low fence, about four rails high, which a man + could easily step over. I saluted her with: + </p> + <p> + “'How do you do, aunty, do you live here?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sa, I lives heah—me and Ham, my ole man. What is + you, massa? Is you Union or is you “Sesh?”' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh! I am a Union man,' I replied. + </p> + <p> + “'Den I is glad to see you. I'll jes' call Ham. He + runned away when he seed you. He's feared; yes, he's dat. He + isn't gwine wid de “Sesh” any mo'.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, aunty, have you a Union officer in your cabin, sick?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, now, massa, I'se jes' got to know who you + is afore I 'fess on dat case.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, aunty, I am Daniel Lyon, sometimes called “Uncle + Daniel.”' + </p> + <p> + “'Afore God, is dat you, Massa Lyon? Jes' get off yo' + hoss an' wait rite heah; I be back in a bit.' + </p> + <p> + “She hobbled in, evidently to speak to the Colonel. I waited quietly + until she returned. Just then the others came in sight, and I sent the boy + to halt them. Aunty came out so excited that she could hardly speak. + </p> + <p> + “'Sho' as you is born'd, dat Massa Tom knows you; + but, sah, he's powerful weak, an' you must exclose who yo' + is to him in a most delicacious manner, or you'll incite him. He's + 'fraid, sah, dat you is a exposter.' + </p> + <p> + “'O, no, aunty, I am his uncle and benefactor.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yo'is what?' + </p> + <p> + “'His uncle,' + </p> + <p> + “'No, but de oder t'ing what you is?' + </p> + <p> + “'His benefactor.' + </p> + <p> + “'Glory to God! Is you? May de Laud shine his light in dis + pore house, an' brush away de fears ob dis misfortunate famly.' + </p> + <p> + “Then she called Ham. + </p> + <p> + “'Oh, yo' Ham, come heah.' + </p> + <p> + “I entered the cabin and beheld Col. Anderson, as pale as death, + lying on a poor, broken-down bed. I knelt by his side upon the floor and + wept aloud. The Colonel could only whisper. Extending his hand, while the + great tears were rolling down his face, he asked: + </p> + <p> + “'Is my wife with you? How is my child?' + </p> + <p> + “He was greatly excited and very weak. I arose from his bedside and + told him who were coming, and begged him to be calm. Aunty brought some + cloths and laid on his breast, saying to him: + </p> + <p> + “'Now, Massa Tom, you mus' be still. Don' be like + I tole you. You mussent get 'cited now—nuffln of the kine. Jes' + see de folks like yo' allers done. Dey's come a mighty long + ways to fine yo'. Wish dey stay away 'til I cure yo'; + but spose it's all rite. De good Laud he done knowed de bes'. + Maybe de “Sesh” come take him some day afore long, so de Laud + he knows what he wants. Bress de good Laud.' + </p> + <p> + “'I went out to meet the others. Mary at once asked me what + the matter was. I spoke as gently as I could, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mary, Tom is still alive.' + </p> + <p> + “She instantly leaped from her horse and made for the cabin, and in + an instant was at the bedside of her husband, covering his face with + kisses and tears. Tom was too weak to more than whisper 'my dear + wife,' and weep in silence. Old Ham had come in, and stood in one + corner of the room looking on the scene with his hands locked together + over his head. He was heard to say over and over in a low tone: “'De + Lord bress dese chilien.' “Aunt Martha took hold of Mary, + saying: “'Deah Misses, yo' jes' stop dat cryin'. + You ought to be 'joiced dat Massa Tom be libbin. You ought ter seed + him when de “Sesh” fotched him heah. I tell you dat was de + time what fotched me down, I done got rite on my old knees an' axed + de good Laud to spar dis good Massa Tom. I knowed him the berry minute I + laid my eyes on him. Many's de time I make his bed and cook his + dinnah. I tell you all about dat. Why, dem “Sesh,” when dey + fetch Massa Tom heah in de old wagon, dey des frowed him out like he been + a hog, and tole Ham an' me dat we mus' dig a hole and put him + in; dat we be killed if we don't. I done went and looked at him, an' + tole Ham dat he wasn't dead; dat he was wa'm an' bredin. + So Ham an' me jes' carried him into dis house, an' got + blankets and kivers, and wash him wid wa'm water, and took keer on + him; setted up all de time, one or bofe on us, and kep' him good an' + wa'm, an yo' see he's done gittin' well. De good + Laud heah our prayers, an' he whisper to pore ole Marfa dat he gwine + to fetch him out for some good he gwine to do for us pore people. Bress de + Laud; he is good to us. I tell yo', de man what said to dig a hole + fo' him is a bad man; his name is Whitthorne. I 'member de + name kase I knowed de Whitthornes in Jackson, Miss., when I libbed there. + Yes, dat so.' + </p> + <p> + “At this Mary broke down again. She felt sure that this was some of + her people. Aunty continued: + </p> + <p> + “'Ole Massa Gawge (George), that we b'longed to, move + upheah six year ago, on dis place, from Jackson. He libbed up dar on the + hill in dat white house dat yo' see up dar, dat am locked up an' + no one is in it. Dey got lot ob t'ings in dar. When de Union whip de + Sesh at Dolins-burg, and de Sesh come dis way, gwine home or some-whar, + den Massa Gawge an' all de famly dey go, too, an' take all de + niggers 'cepin' me an' Ham. Dey say we's too ole, + an' dey done lef us to take keer ob de place; dey leabe de + smoke-house so we kin git in an' git sumpin to eat. Well, dey is + plenty in dar, an' we lib all right, and, bress de Laud, dat save + Massa Tom's life. De good Laud fix it dat way, sho' as yo' + born. He take tkeer ob de good folks.' + </p> + <p> + “Old Ham, who had been silent, broke out: + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, dat's so, massa, dat's so. De Laud do do + dis. He done told me up at de smoke-house to take all dat we wanted, an' + dat when Massa Tom done get well, dat we mus go wid him 'way from + heah an' lib with Massa Tom; dat de Sesh kill us when dey find out + we done cure him up. Yes, sah, de Laud say dat to me, sho.' + </p> + <p> + “I said to him: 'Ham, are you sure the Lord said that; did you + not dream it, or was it not Aunt Martha that said it?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, massa, no; de Laud told me, sho! I know 'twas he. + De words come right down frough de smokehouse when I was gittin' + meal to make de gruel for Massa Tom. O, no, massa; Martha was down heah. I + told Martha when I come back.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Ham, what did Martha say?' + </p> + <p> + “'She say dat we must 'bey de Lord; dat he was mo' + our massa den Massa George; don't we b'longs to de Laud mo' + dan to Massa George. Den I say dat's well, Martha; you know, and if + you b'lieve in dat we go. An' we is gwine wid Massa, sho.' + </p> + <p> + “'If you should go, Ham, they would accuse us of stealing you, + and have us arrested for it.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, I doesn't know 'bout dat. I knows we can + steal our ownself away, an' go to de place whar Massa Tom lib; I + knows dat. We's gwine; dat's done fix; we's gwine.' + </p> + <p> + “The Colonel had been listening, and smiled to find that these two + good old people loved him so, and he nodded his head to Ham, which caused + him to laugh immoderately. + </p> + <p> + “'It's done fix,' said Ham, and he left the cabin. + </p> + <p> + “I said: 'Aunty, have you any children?' + </p> + <p> + “'Laud bless yo' good soul, we has six chilien some + whar; don't know whar. Massa George he sole our chilien 'way + from us soon as dey was six year old. I never see any ob dem since den; + neber heard anything 'bout dem. He sole 'em 'way down on + de Gulf some whar; neber would tell us. Dey done forgot us, or whar we + lib, long go; dey so young when dey taken 'way, O, dey do dat way, + so de ole folks not fine 'em. I tell you, Massa Lyon, 'tis + purty hard on ole folks, to lose de chilien dat way. If dey die an' + de Laud take dem 'way, dat's all rite; de Laud know he own + business; but when dey sole 'way, dat hard. You see, dese people dey + got chilien, but dey tink we no keer for our'n. Dat is whar dey don't + know. We does keer jes as much as de white folks, but we can't help + ourself, dats all. I tell you dat's bad. O, I cry myself nearly to + deff 'bout my chilien; but all do no good; dey done gone; I neber + see dem any mo'. If I was to, dey would not know me, an' me + not know dem; so no good now to cry any mo'; dey be all dead, maybe—hope + dey am—den dey work for de Laud and Master all de time, and not be + worked all de time fo' de people for nuffin' an' doin' + no good. Yes, I hope dey is all done dead. Wish I knowed dey was, den I'd + be feelin' good. You see, me an' Ham talked dis all ober. We + neber see our chilien no mo' no matter whar we is; so we am gwine + where we will be counted wid de people an' not wid de cattle. Yes, + sah; dat's what we's got in our heads; dar's no use + tryin' to put it out; it in dar, an' dar it stay. We's + gwine, sho'.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, well, aunty, all right; I will see that you go. I will + take the consequences. I will not see as good an old couple as you are + held like cattle if I can help it.' + </p> + <p> + “The old woman shouted 'glory,' and hobbled out of the + cabin, I presume, to tell Ham what I had said. + </p> + <p> + “By this time the Colonel had recovered somewhat from his + excitement, and quietly and in a low voice told us how he came to be + there. He said that when he was wounded on the works of Dolinsburg and + left for dead, that some one came along and stanched the flow of blood by + binding some cloth around the wound saturated with something—his + wound was through the right breast, touching slightly the right lung—that + in the afternoon, when a portion of the rebel army passed over the ground + that he occupied, Col. Whitthorne, his wife's brother, discovered + him and had him placed in one of his ambulances, bringing him away; had no + knowledge as to what his intention was—whether to take him to some + place of safety—some hospital, or let him die and bury him where his + remains could afterwards be found by his family; that up to within a few + days he had no idea where he was; that these old colored people had kept + his whereabouts a profound secret, except among a few of their race whom + they could trust; that when he found a force was stationed at Dolinsburg, + he got them to send there and give the information, so that he might make + some arrangement about getting away, for fear of recapture by the enemy, + and they had sent the boy that we met. He was anxious to get away, and + thought that he could bear being moved in some easy conveyance to + Dolinsburg in two or three days' travel. We consulted together, and + Capt. Day sent a messenger back with a letter to Col. Harden, asking him + to send an ambulance and a surgeon the next day, we remaining with the + Colonel until their coming. There was plenty of fodder at the plantation + barns, and the men took care of the horses. Aunty prepared a sufficient + quantity of wholesome food for ourselves. We passed the night without much + sleep, the Captain and I using our chairs for beds, as there was not + sufficient accommodation for us all; Mrs. Anderson slept on the bed by her + husband, and the men found comfortable quarters in the stables. We enjoyed + ourselves, however, hearing Aunt Martha and Ham tell us how they had taken + care of the Colonel; how they had bathed and dressed his wound once each + day with warm water and poultices of white-oak ooze and slippery-elm bark; + how they stopped the bleeding with soot from the wooden chimney; how they + dosed him occasionally, when his wound seemed painful, with good whiskey + that Ham got up at the house on the hill (he had managed to force an + entrance somehow); and how every day they asked the Lord to heal his wound + and make him well, so he would take them away from their long suffering + and unhappy life. The story of the old woman was most interesting as well + as very amusing. The next morning we had bread, coffee and chicken, which + was relished by all, I assure you. The Colonel was fed on gruel and a + piece of chicken. Aunty, who had him entirely under her control, would not + allow him to eat anything else. After breakfast was over I asked Aunty how + she came to know Col. Anderson, and she in her way told me the story of + her having been hired out once by her master to Col. Anderson's + family before the Colonel was married, and she said: + </p> + <p> + “'Laud bressyou, chile, I know Massa Tom soon I put my eyes + onto him. Yes, sah. I neber let on, doe. He didn't know nuffin when + they frowed him out heah like a pig. No, sah. He was mos' dead, sho'. + Dat's one time he mos' done gone to glory, sho'. But he + all right now; he come out. An' when he do, oh, great Laud, don't + I jes' want him to go for dem “Sesh.” Yes, I tell you, I + do. Dar is no mistake on dat pint.' + </p> + <p> + “The day passed. The Colonel improved and conversed considerably + with his wife. We left them together all we could to enjoy their reunion. + He was very desirous of getting away and having the assistance of a + surgeon, who, however, could do no more for him than was being done. In + the afternoon late, however, there came an ambulance and the Post Surgeon. + This seemed to give new life and spirit to all. The Surgeon entered the + cabin, and, after pleasantly conversing about the Colonel with us, + proceeded to make an examination of his wound. Aunty was determined to be + present. She raised the Colonel up, and showed the Surgeon where the wound + was, its condition, etc. He said it was healing rapidly, and would be well + soon, but that he would be some considerable time gaining sufficient + strength to do any service. He said that aunty ought to have a diploma; + that she had treated him as skillfully as anyone could have done, and much + better than some might have done, Aunty at once replied: + </p> + <p> + “'I tell you where you gib de “'plomas.” You + jes' gib dem to de Laud. He is de one what do dis work. I tell you, + He keep Massa Tom for some good. I don't know what, but he is got + some good work afore he, sho' I tells you, de Laud never show dis + pore old nigger what to do, des like she be a doctor, less He wanted Massa + Tom to do something. He know what He wants. He know all t'ings, de + Bible say so, an' dats the book you can't 'spute.' + </p> + <p> + “We all agreed with aunty, and she was happy. The next morning the + ambulance was arranged in the best possible manner and the Colonel + tenderly carried out and laid in, his wife and Aunt Martha having a place + arranged so they could stay in the ambulance with him. We all started, old + Ham tying their belongings up in a couple of blankets and lashing them on + a horse loaned him by one of the escort. We were two days in making + Bolinsburg, but did it without any very great inconvenience or suffering + to the Colonel. When we arrived Col. Harden welcomed us most heartily, and + made all necessary arrangements for the comfort of Col. Anderson, as well + as the rest of us. I noticed that Col. Harden said nothing about the two + colored people, and did not seem to notice them, so I called his attention + to them. He looked at me rather quizzically and remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'Why, I did not observe any colored people. You did not bring + any through the lines, did you?' + </p> + <p> + “I took the hint, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'O, Colonel, what did I say? I was a little absent-minded + being up with Col. Anderson; and loss of sleep has bothered me.” + </p> + <p> + “So, you see, I got out of the scrape. Orders then existed against + bringing colored people through the ines, as I learned afterwards. He + (Col. Harden) always said that he was color-blind, and could not + distinguish between the color of people. I remained several days, and Col. + Anderson continued to improve. I, however, felt that I ought to go home + and look after the family. So old Ham and I got ready, and bade good-by to + all, after returning thanks for the kindness shown us. We took the two + horses that Mary and I rode to Dolinsburg and made our way through in + several days to Allentown. I preferred to go all the way on horseback, to + save, perhaps, some trouble about Ham. He claimed to be freeborn and from + Ohio, where I formerly lived. This went as sound, and no trouble ensued. + Ham lived at our house and did chores for us and made himself generally + useful. I related the whole story to the family and made all happy, + especially little Mary Col. Anderson's child, who had the impression + fixed on her mind that her papa had been killed, like her Uncle Harvey. We + received letters from David and James, in the Eastern army; also, from + Stephen, who had marched with the regiment to which he belonged to the + Army of the Center, then in the western part of Kentucky, and on the way + to Pittskill Landing, where the Union forces were now concentrating. Henry + wrote that his regiment of cavalry had been ordered to the East to report + to Gen. Kilpatterson. Having heard from all our family, except Jackson, we + were again happy. We all longed for the day to come when Col. Anderson and + his wife would return home, and were anxious also to see the good old + colored woman who had been a mother to him during his illness. The + children especially asked me every day about Aunt Martha; how she looked? + if she was as black as Uncle Ham? and why Mr. George sold her children? + and in any other questions that could not well be answered.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, I knew Col. Harden, of whom you spoke,” said + Maj. Clymer. “He was a good soldier, went all through the war, and + died in 1868. He was rather an old man for the service, and was never well + after the war closed.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes; I heard of his death; I kept track of him up to that time; he + was a good man.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel,” said Dr. Adams, “the implicit faith of + those two old colored people was an example that might well be followed by + the masters now.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes; the colored people are the most faithful on the face of the + earth, and deserve better treatment than they are getting in the South.” + </p> + <p> + “Why is it that they are deprived of their political rights in the + Southern States?” + </p> + <p> + “My dear sir, that is easily answered. As I have heretofore repeated + in the discussion of other points, the controlling element in the South is + now, as it ever has been, an aristocracy of and for power. They do not + intend that in any way or by any means, lawful or otherwise, the control + of their States shall pass out of their hands; by this means they will + control the General Government. It would be the same were these colored + people white; if they were poor and not of the ruling class, they would be + deprived of their rights in the same way. They believe that they were born + to control, and control they will, unless we shall find men hereafter in + charge of this Government with nerve enough to see that the rights of the + people are protected and enforced.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush, “another war will come some day, + and it will commence at the ballot-box. People will suffer just so long + and no longer. The idea that I gave my right arm away for a Government + that allows its citizens to be bulldozed and murdered merely for desiring + to participate in the affairs of the Republic. No, sir! I fight no more + until I know what I am fighting for and also that we will sustain the + principles for which we contended.” + </p> + <p> + “This is a curious people. They are nearly ready for any kind of + government to-day, when only a few years ago they expended billions of + money and rivers of human blood for liberty, and now care nothing for it. + They made the gift of franchise to millions at a great sacrifice, and now + quietly smile at its surrender. O, yes; but how can you expect anything + else. Are we not apologizing every day for what we did? Do we not avoid + speaking of the war in the North? Are not some of our great leaders to-day + men who aided and sympathized with treason, while we teach kindness to our + erring brethren and forgive all? Do we not find our flag despised nearly + everywhere in the South? Do they not march under their State flags instead + of the Stars and Stripes? Are not all their monuments to rebel leaders and + Generals? Are not their school books full of Secession sentiments? Do they + not teach the children that we conquered them with hired Hessians? While + this is so in the South, and any allusion to the war in the North is + regarded as stirring up bad blood, is it not submissive, cowardly and + unworthy of any brave people, and will it not result finally in their + dominating over us? These are the reflections that annoy me in my old and + lonely days.” + </p> + <p> + Here he stopped, was silent for a moment, then said in a low tone: + </p> + <p> + “Why should I have lived to tremble now for the future of my + country.” + </p> + <p> + The tears stood like crystals in his eyes, and he ceased to speak for the + present. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0005" id="link2HCH0005"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER V. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ANOTHER GREAT BATTLE—TWO DAYS OF AWFUL FIGHTING AT + PITTSKILL LANDING—HARD-WON VICTORY-UNCLE DANIEL'S SONS BEAR + THEMSELVES GALLANTLY. + + “But whether on the scaffold high, Or in the battle's van, + The fittest place where man can die Is where he dies for man.” + —Barry. +</pre> + <p> + “During the suspense great preparations were being made for the + various campaigns by the several ar-armies of the Union, which caused much + excitement throughout the country. The many prisoners captured at the fall + of Dolinsburg had been sent to different camps in the North. The secession + sympathizers were vieing with each other as to who should visit them the + oftenest and show them the greatest consideration. The whisperings of + releasing them and organizing for 'a fire in the rear,' as the + saying went, were loud and plentiful I traveled to Indianapolis and + Chicago to see if I could learn anything of a definite character on these + points, and at both places heard mutterings and threats that were + calculated to produce alarm and also to make any loyal man feel like + beginning a war at home. Everything that was being done by the authorities + was denounced as arbitrary and despotic—their acts as + unconstitutional. In fact, no satisfactory act had been performed by the + Administration that was calculated to assist in putting down the rebellion + (according to their way of thinking). When I returned home I found a + letter from Peter, who had been promoted to a Majority in his regiment. + The Lieutenant-Colonel (Rice), as I before stated, had been made Colonel, + Major Pierce Lieutenant-Colonel, and Capt. Lyon (Peter) Major. They had + not as yet learned of the discovery of Col. Anderson. I wrote to Peter, + giving him in full the details in reference to the Colonel, but told him + not to reveal the facts to a soul until it should be reported officially. + In his letter, however, he informed me of the massing of the rebel troops + at Corin Junction, and the like process going on at the High Banks, on the + Little Combination River, now called Pittskill Landing, and that he looked + for hot work as soon as the Army of the Center, under Buda, could make a + junction with Gen. Silent. When I read Peter's letter all the family + were anxious about his fate, should there be another battle fought. Old + Ham was present and seemed to be much interested in what I was saying. He + had been entertaining the three children with his simple stories about the + 'Sesh,' as he and Aunt Martha called the rebels. He spoke up, + saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Massa Daniel, I tells you da's no danger, sah. I had a + dream 'bout dat. Massa Peter am all right, sah; I tells you he is. I + neber dreams 'bout anything but what comes out good.' + </p> + <p> + “My wife asked Ham if he could interpret dreams. 'No, missis; + I not know 'bout dreams 'cept my own. I knows dat Massa Peter + all right.' + </p> + <p> + “There was no way getting the cunning old darkey to tell his dream. + My wife said to him: + </p> + <p> + “'I am troubled about a dream that I had at the commencement + of the war. It distresses me still.' + </p> + <p> + “She then related her dream, and he broke out into a laugh, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, but you see, massa got all he hands, all he fingers; + dey all dar—none done gone. Dat dream all good, kase, you see, he + fingers all right. O, dat's nuffin. De bug he be Sesh; skare you, + dat's all; bite de chilien little spec, dat's all.' + </p> + <p> + “We all laughed at the curious speech of old Ham, and yet he sat + down and commenced counting his fingers, and said: “'How many + chilien yo' got, misses?' + </p> + <p> + “'Seven.' + </p> + <p> + “'Ham became silent, and nothing more could be got from him on + the subject of the dream. He never spoke of the matter again to any of us, + except to Peter. I found after all was over that he and Peter had the same + interpretation—strange, yet so true.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, what was the interpretation, may I inquire the second + time?” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “It was very strange; but the interpretation is disclosed by the + casualties of war, and as we proceed you will recognize it. But to my + story: The rebel and Union forces were now confronting each other, and + each was constantly on the lookout for the movements of the other. About + midway between the camps of the two armies they were almost constantly + having skirmishes, sometimes with cavalry, and sometimes with infantry. + The successes were about equal. Peter related the story of an old colored + man, I presume something after the style of old Ham, meeting him while he + was making a reconnaissance with his regiment. The old darkey was tall and + very black, and was walking in great haste when Peter called to him: + </p> + <p> + “'Uncle, where are you going?' + </p> + <p> + “'Ise gwine to de ribber, sah. Ise ti'd ob de wa', + Ise been cookin', sah, for de 'Sesh.' He say he gwine to + whip dem Yankees on de ribber,—dat dey am gwine to come right on and + drive dem in de ribber and drown dem like cats; dat's what he say, + sho'. I heah him wid dese old ears, I did.' + </p> + <p> + “'When did he say he was coming?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, massa, he say he comin' right off, sah; he say + he kill 'em an' drown 'em all afore de res' ob de + Yankees come for help dem; dat's what he say.' + </p> + <p> + “'Who was it said this?' + </p> + <p> + “'Why, sah, it wah de big Gen'l—de one what boss + all de res'; he name wah Massa Sydenton Jackson. He say he kill all + ob you stone dead—he not leab one ob em.' + </p> + <p> + “'If he is going to kill all of us, you don't want to go + to our camp and get killed, do you?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, sah; I doesn't spec' to git killed; I + 'bout 'cluded dat I wait till de shootin' git goin' + pretty libely, den I jes' skip de ribber and neber stop 'til I + be done gone whar dey done got no wa'.' + </p> + <p> + “'How many soldiers have they in Gen. Jackson's army?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, I dunno, but I 'spec' dar am somewhar near + a million ob dem, sah. Dey's got de woods full ob hoss sogers, an' + all de fiel's full ob 'em what walks. Den dey got big guns wid + hosses. Oh, Laudy, massa, I dunno, but dey's heaps ob dem.' + </p> + <p> + “'What were they doing when you came away?” + </p> + <p> + “'Dey was campin' 'bout ten miles, I 'spose. + I walk mighty fas', and I is monstrous tired. When dey start dis + mornin' I get outside and go in de woods and keep whar I see dem all + de way. When dey stop I keep on. Dey be here in de mornin', sho'. + I knows dey will, massa.' + </p> + <p> + “This being about all Peter could ascertain, he thought perhaps it + would be as safe back towards the main army, so he returned, bringing old + 'Dick' with him, that being his name. When Peter reported with + Dick at headquarters the General cross-questioned the old man in a manner + that would have done credit to a prosecuting attorney, and said to Peter: + </p> + <p> + “'Major, I guess the enemy intend to try our strength very + soon.' + </p> + <p> + “He then said to Dick: + </p> + <p> + “'You can go around behind my quarters. You will find some + colored people there, with whom you will remain until after we have this + fight. You can then go where you please.' + </p> + <p> + “'Bress de Laud, Massa Genl, you gwine to make me stay heah + and get shotted?” + </p> + <p> + “'Well, I don't know whether you will get shot or not + but you will stay as I direct.' + </p> + <p> + “'Afore God, Massa Gen'l, you see dese heah 'backer + sticks, (meaning his legs), 'dey go, dey go if dey shoot; I can't + hole 'em. I tried dem one time, an' I tell you dey won't + stay. You can't hole 'em, no, sah; dey git ebery time—when + you 'spec dem be stayin' dey's gwine.' + </p> + <p> + “The General laughed at his peculiar expressions and sent him away. + The position of the Union forces was an exceedingly good one for defensive + operations. The country all around was covered with heavy timber and very + thick underbrush, save a small opening or field on the right center and to + the rear of our right flank. The ground was very uneven, full of streams, + gulches, hills and hollows. The line of the Union troops stretched from + Hawk Run to Bull Gulch and Buck Lick Junction, the right resting on Hawk + Run and the left at or near the Junction, the center in heavy timber quite + a distance farther south than either flank. The right of the line was + commanded by Gen. Sherwood, the left by Gen. Prince; two divisions were in + reserve, commanded by Gen. Waterberry. The Army of the Center, under Gen. + Buda, was within communicating distance, but advancing very slowly, + causing some fear that they would not get to the field prior to the attack + being made by the enemy, who was in great force ready to be hurled against + our comparatively small army at any moment. + </p> + <p> + “The suspense must have been terrible for the time, but at last it + was over, for on the morning of the third day after Dick made his + revelation about the enemy's movements, our forces having become a + little careless on their front, the enemy were upon them without much + warning. Just as Gen. Sherwood was about to take his breakfast skirmishing + commenced not more than a mile from his camp, and nearer and nearer it + seemed to approach our lines. The 'long roll' was sounded and + 'to arms' was the cry all along the lines. The roads passing + through the camp were leading in almost every direction, affording the + enemy ample opportunity for unfolding their line all along our front by a + very rapid movement, of which they took advantage, and in rapid succession + threw their divisions in line of battle and moved with quick motion to the + assault which was made simultaneously along our front. From Peter's + description it must have come like a thunderbolt. They struck Sherwood's + command on the center and right flank and drove him from his first + position back on the reserves and a part of his command entirely from the + field. So thoroughly were they demoralized that they could not find time + to return to their places during that day. Sherwood tried to rally them, + but could not; so he joined his remnant to the first command he found, and + continued resistance to the impetuous assaults of the Confederates. + </p> + <p> + “The battle was now raging all along the line; our troops were in + good condition, and the ones that had won the victory at Dolinsburg were + in no wise discouraged. They came into action like veterans and stood the + first shock of the battle without the least movement to the rear or panic. + Our lines were again adjusted on the right, and one continuous rattle of + musketry from one end of the line to the other could be heard. There was + no chance for the operating of cavalry on either side. Artillery was run + up to the front by both armies. How the different arms rattled and + thundered. Batteries to the front, right and left rolled amid confusion + and death. Closer still the armies came until their eyes were seen and aim + taken as if in target practice. To the rear and front, as the armies + gained or lost a little of their ground, lay the dead and the wounded. The + shrieks and groans of the wounded and dying were unheeded; the crushing of + bones might also be heard as the artillery rushed from one part of the + lines to another. In this way the contest continued for the greater part + of the forenoon. At last our center was penetrated and our right was + forced back again with the center for the distance of perhaps a half mile. + Our left, having a better position, under Gen. Prince, held their ground, + and, turning their fire partially on the advancing column that was forcing + our right, checked them somewhat in their rapid advance. At this critical + moment our reserves came up in good style and entered the conflict. The + enemy were now steadily driven back to their original position. + </p> + <p> + “Over the field the Union and rebel soldiers lay side by side, dead + and wounded alike. They were seen helping one another, their anger and + fury soon subsiding when they found themselves helpless by the side of + each other, and, perhaps, often asking 'Why are we thus butchering + one another?' + </p> + <p> + “This bloody battle raged with a deadly fury unparalleled on the + continent up to that time. Louder and louder roared the artillery and more + steadily and sharply rattled the musketry. The smoke was rising in great + clouds from the field of carnage. Gen. Silent was very impatient on + account of the non-arrival of Gen. Buda, as well as Gen. Wilkins, whose + division was some six miles away to the rear, and was expected to come + rapidly forward and strike west of Hawk Run, on the left flank of the + enemy; but no Buda and no Wilkins came. The battle was then raging with + great slaughter on both sides. The entire Union force was now engaged, and + the rebel commander was bringing his reserves forward and re-enforcing his + lines. He could be seen re-organizing his forces and putting his reserves + in line. Gen. Jackson and his staff were seen riding along giving + directions. He had on his staff one Gen. Harrington, who seemed to be very + active in moving about. Soon another assault was made on our lines. The + fresh troops seemed to inspire them with new zeal, and on they came, + steadily and firmly, with a constant and heavy fire pouring into our + lines. The assault was resisted for some time. It seems that during this + assault, their Commander-in-Chief, Gen. Sydenton Jackson, was shot through + the breast, falling from his horse dead. At the fall of Jackson, Gen. + Harrington seemed to become crazed and rushed madly on, directing that + every Yankee be killed. 'Bayonet them!' 'Kill them like + cats!' 'Let none escape,' he cried. So on they came like + a line of mad animals, sending forth such unearthly yells as to induce the + belief that all the fiends of the infernal regions had been turned loose + at once and led on by old Beelzebub himself. On, on they came. Our line + reeled and staggered under the assault. A fresh column came up under Gen. + Bolenbroke, and advanced rapidly against our right flank, and bore down so + heavily that our line on the right and centre again gave way. In falling + back, Gen. Waterberry, a gallant officer who had brought up our reserves + on our first repulse, was killed while trying to rally his men. + </p> + <p> + “His death seemed to create a panic, and Gen. Sherwood was unable to + hold the men to their line. He would form and reform them, leading them + himself; but when he would look for the command he was trying to bring to + the front, he would find them going to the rear, making very good time. + </p> + <p> + “Peter's command was in this part of the line. He could hear + this man Harrington, as the rebels came rushing on, crying out: 'No + quarter!' 'Kill every Yankee!' 'Let none escape!' + 'Rid the country of the last one!' 'Take no prisoners!' + The panic continued on our right, and at least one-half of this part of + Sherwood's command broke, and was utterly disorganized, hiding + behind trees, in hollows and ravines, to cover themselves from the enemy. + In great numbers they sought roads leading to the rear, and followed them + without knowing to what point they might lead. In this demoralized + condition of one portion of our army, despair seemed to set in. Gen. + Silent sat on his horse looking sadly at this condition of things. He + spoke not a word. Riding up to Sherwood, who was greatly excited, he said: + </p> + <p> + “'General, can you not send word to Prince to fall back + slowly? I see the enemy will soon be on his flank.' + </p> + <p> + “As the General rode away he said: 'I cannot understand the + delay of Buda and Wilkins.' + </p> + <p> + “He sent orderlies immediately to hurry them up, giving imperative + orders to them 'to move to the field of battle as rapidly as + possible.' In the meantime Gen. Hudson had gone to the support of + Prince; our forces on the right having steadily fallen back. It was too + late, however, to save him. The enemy had surrounded him before Hudson + could form on his right, and he was compelled to surrender with a portion + of his command, the rest having fallen back and thereby saved themselves. + Hudson joined on the remainder of Prince's command and made + resistance to the further advance of the enemy. Our line, being again + intact, fell back behind a ravine that crossed the battlefield from + northwest to southeast—from Moccasin Run to the river. The enemy by + this time were in possession of the camps of the Union forces, and + partially giving themselves up to plunder, the battle gradually slackened + until darkness closed in on the contending armies The enemy occupied our + camps during the night, intending the next morning to capture what was + left of our army. During the first part of the night they kept up a + fearful noise, evincing their joy over what they thought a great victory. + Gen. Silent, however, was engaged in arranging his forces for an attack at + daylight, being satisfied that he could surprise the enemy and defeat him, + as he would not expect our forces to fight, and, therefore, take the noise + of preparation for a retreat. The column under Gen. Wilkins came up early + that night and was posted on the right of our army, with its right on + Hawks Run. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Buda also arrived during the night and was given position on + the left, his left resting on the river. The center, held by Sherwood, was + re-enforced by Hudson and that portion of Prince's command not + captured. The artillery was put in battery in the center and on the right + center, and orders given for the men to replenish their boxes with + ammunition, to sleep on their arms, and at 4 o'clock in the morning + to make a simultaneous attack all along the line with infantry and + artillery, moving the artillery rapidly to the front. This being + understood, all were quiet. The enemy were so confident of having our army + at their mercy that they lighted fires and made night hideous with their + howls. During the night the leaves and grass were set on fire by some + unknown means and burned over the battlefield, causing great + consternation, as many of the wounded were yet lying where they fell. + Their shrieks and appeals for help would have made the tears come to the + eyes of the most heartless. An allwise Providence, however, heard their + prayers and appeals for help, and the windows of heaven were thrown open + and the flood poured forth and subdued the flames, saving many a poor + fellow from dreadful torture and death. The storm continued nearly all + night swelling the little streams that ran through the battlefield, + causing the roads to become almost impassable. The stragglers were + collected and returned to their commands. + </p> + <p> + “At 4 o'clock the crack of musketry was heard, and soon after + the artillery from our lines opened and we were upon the rebels. They were + taken by surprise and thrown into confusion. The hurrying of officers from + one part of the field to another was distinctly heard by our men and + greatly encouraged our forces. On they moved, driving the enemy pell-mell + from our former camp. It was impossible, under our galling fire, for the + enemy to form in any compact line. They fell back as our troops advanced. + We struck them in front, on the flank, and, as they sometimes turned in + their retreat, in the rear. The slaughter for a time was terrible and + sickening. They were at last driven into the woods where they had formed + the day before. Here a lull came in the contest, and they took advantage + of it to form their line again, believing that our advantage could only be + temporary, having no knowledge of the number of our re-enforcements. When + they were in a condition to do so they advanced and took the aggressive. + On they came. Our line stood as immovable as a rock, received the shock of + their first assault, and then poured the missiles of death into their + ranks as if they were being rained down from the heavens. For a time the + lines both advanced slowly and dealt death into each other. The commands + from each army could be distinctly heard by the other. Harrington on the + rebel side was heard to say: + </p> + <p> + “'Charge the Lincoln hell-hounds! Give the cowardly dogs the + bayonet!' + </p> + <p> + “This gave our troops that heard it a contempt for the man, and a + determination to receive the charge in a soldierly manner. They stood + silent until the enemy was within close musket range, and at the order—the + batteries having come up—everything opened and poured volley after + volley into the advancing columns, which swayed and halted; no power could + press them forward. Our forces seeing this, advanced steadily, firing as + they moved. At last the rebel line gave way and fled to the woods on their + left, taking shelter among the trees. The ground between the lines was now + literally covered with the killed and wounded. On our extreme left the + battle was still raging, and seemed to be going to our rear. Gen. Silent + rode away to this part of the field. Finding that our forces had fallen + back nearly to the junction of Bull Gulch and Buck Lick Run, he ordered + Hudson to move rapidly and strike the enemy in flank where the line had + been broken by the falling back of their left and center. This order was + executed with much alacrity and was a great success. Hudson struck the + detached portion of the enemy's army in flank and rear, and doubled + them up (over the very ground from which our forces had fallen back the + day before), capturing many prisoners and several pieces of artillery. + Here he met a young officer whom he had noticed moving rapidly to the + front and assaulting the enemy with his command at any and every point + where he could hit him. + </p> + <p> + “Hudson rode up to him and inquired his name. + </p> + <p> + “'My name, sir, is Stephen Lyon. I belong to an Ohio regiment. + I joined the Army of the Center only a short time since, and this is my + first battle. I have lost many men; my Colonel and Lieutenant-Colonel were + both killed, and I am the Major and now in command of the regiment.' + </p> + <p> + “This was my fifth son in line of birth, and sixth in the service. I + am digressing, however. Their conversation was here cut short, as Gen. + Buda had ordered an advance along his line, which was the left wing of the + army. The advance was duly made. The rebels, however, in the meantime had + been re-enforced on this part of their line. The contest, therefore, + became a very stubborn one on both sides. The advance of Buda was soon + checked, and the fighting became desperate. Both armies to our right + seemed to have partially ceased their advance, seemingly to understand how + the event was being decided on this part of the line. The enemy was driven + slowly to the rear for some distance. A halt then came and a rally on the + part of the rebels. They organized into column of regiments and made a + desperate attempt to break the center of our left. Buda massed his + artillery against them, keeping it well supported, and mowed them down + with shell and canister until they lay in piles on the ground. They + advanced to the assault three times with a heroism and desperation seldom + witnessed in any ancient or modern battle, but each time back were their + shattered columns sent in utter confusion. Thus the battle continued until + late in the afternoon, when both parties reorganized for a last and + desperate struggle. The lines of the enemy showed all along the skirts of + timber, leaving the open space to our right and center, and extending to + Buck Lick Run. Both seemed eager to make the attack, but our forces were + first in motion, and with a quick-step movement they advanced against the + enemy. The firing opened all along the line. First one and then the other + line staggered and swayed to and fro. The forces on both sides seemed + determined to win or die on their ground. At last Wilkins crossed Hawks + Run and struck the enemy in his flank, causing consternation to seize him, + and he gradually gave way, his left flank doubling back on the main line + nearer the center. At this moment Gen. Silent ordered an advance with + infantry and artillery simultaneously. This was executed in good order, + the firing again became general. The roar of artillery now was almost + deafening. The yell of the enemy was heard in every direction as though + assaulting, but they could no longer stand against our determined forces. + Steadily on the advance continued; the enemy stood, delivering his fire + with deadly results, until our army approached to the point where one or + the other must give way. The rebels, seeing that our force was coming with + a steady step and determination unmoved by their fire, broke in different + parts of their line, and finally the moment arrived when they could no + longer stand our deadly aim, and their whole line gave way. They retreated + through the woods and on different roads in great disorder; our forces + followed up their lines of retreat and kept a constant fire upon them + until night intervened, which protected them from any further disaster. + This closed one of the bloody battles of the war. That night our army + again slept upon their arms. Some supplies were brought to them during the + night, which stayed their hunger. The next morning the enemy was nowhere + to be seen or heard; he had made his retreat in the night, leaving many + wagons, ambulances and guns. The roads being made almost impassable by the + rain of the night before, their dead and wounded were left in our hands, + save those whom they had removed to the rear the night of the first day's + contest, when they held the ground. The battlefield presented a ghastly + and sickening sight,—the dead, the dying, the wounded; the hospital + in the rear, near the river; the parties burying the dead, finding Union + men and rebels piled up in heaps together; the long trenches being + prepared; the soldiers being wrapped in their blankets and buried without + any knowledge of who they were, or to what command they belonged; the + words of the dying to be taken back to their friends; the messages to fond + wives and blessed children; the moans and shrieks of the wounded as they + were carried on stretchers from where they had lain and suffered, some of + them, for two days and nights. + </p> + <p> + “These things, when first recited to me by my son Peter, filled me + with deep sorrow and pain. O, my friends, the suffering of our poor men + for their country was great-it was heartrending to hear of it. When the + sick, wounded and dead had been cared for, of course the army could not + move again very soon,—it must have rest and reorganization. So the + camp for the present was established a little in advance of the + battle-ground. Many were furloughed for a short time and returned home. My + son Peter came home on a leave, having been wounded late in the evening of + the second day. His wound being in his foot, he was unfitted for duty for + some time. His Lieutenant-Colonel having been killed that day, he was + promoted to the vacancy. + </p> + <p> + “While Peter was kept in the house (where he was confined by his + wound), he constantly entertained us by his recitals of all of these + incidents and movements that I have given to you in my poor way. It is a + matter of great interest to me to follow the history of men on both sides, + and see what their good or bad fortune may have been since. Now, on our + side in this great battle, Gen. Waterberry, one of our leading generals, + was killed on the first day. Gen. Hudson went through the war creditably + and died away from home in some of the South American states. Gen. Buda + soon left the army under a cloud, and I do not know what became of him. I + think, however, that he is dead. Wilkins went through the war with some + credit to himself, but was killed in Mexico afterwards in some of their + periodical revolutions.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, do you know the history of the rebel generals since + the war, who commanded in this battle of which you have been speaking?” + asked Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Oh, yes! You know Sydenton Jackson was killed on the first day. + Bolenbroke was in the rebel army up to its surrender, but died soon after + from dissipation, as I have been informed.” + </p> + <p> + “I am curious to know what became of Dick, the darky,” he + said. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel smiled and said: “Dick, poor fellow, has not been seen + since his 'backer sticks' ran off with him, just as he said + they would.” + </p> + <p> + “What became of Harrington, who wanted every d—— Yankee + killed like cats—bayoneted—without any quarter being shown, + etc.?” + </p> + <p> + “He went to Mexico after the war closed; could not live under + 'Yankee' rule. He there tried to assist in establishing an + empire. Was regarded by some of the Imperialists as suited to become a + Duke. When the Empire fell, and no further hope of a dukedom arose before + his flattered vanity, he came back, and is now one of the leading + governmental reformers and placed in official position by his party (how + strange to say 'reformers'. They were once known by a + different name). But things are changing with the seasons now. + </p> + <p> + “You see, this great battle of Pittskill Landing, following so soon + after the battle of Dolinsburg, had marked influence on the country. The + people began to see that the question of courage did not depend so much + upon where a man was born as it did on the amount of it he had when he was + born, and the principle for which he was contending, as well as drill and + discipline in his duty. The people in the North were beginning to learn + that every hill in the South was not mined and ready to be exploded, + blowing up everything that approached. After becoming cool they would ask + themselves as to where the powder could have been procured, etc.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Dr. Adams, “I remember well when it was + reported, and believed by many, that all the hills in Virginia, near + Washington, were mined, and that masked batteries were behind every bush.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, I know many would speak of those things to prove that the + rebellion could not be conquered, or any headway made against it. Just as + though a masked battery was any more dangerous than a battery uncovered; + and without reflecting as to the quantity of guns that would have been + required, and the number of men supporting the batteries at every place + where they were by the vivid imagination of many whose stories were + invented for the purpose of frightening the ignorant.” + </p> + <p> + “The truth is that it was and is to me one of the great wonders how + we ever succeeded in putting down the rebellion, with nearly the entire + South in arms, while there were but few that were not in arms who did not + sympathize fully with those who were; and in the North a strong political + party, as an organization, prayed and worked for the success of secession + and rebellion. The only ones of the party who did not sympathize with the + rebellion were a few old men who knew the benefits of a government, those + who entered the Union army, those who had friends in the service, and + those who were taught to revere the Union in early youth. The remainder of + that party who desired our success were but few and far between. They are + now the ones, however, who saved the Government, preserved the + Constitution, the flag, and our honor, and are going to reform all abuses + and make everybody prosperous and happy. The Colonel here, who lost an arm + for his country, is laid aside as 'worthless crockery'; and as + for myself, who gave seven sons to the service of my country, I am of no + use whatever. Of course, I am very old, but I supposed that it would be + considered an honor to me to have made so great a sacrifice. So I went out + to one of the Reformers' meetings last Fall, and instead of being + invited on the stand and referred to as an old man who had given up his + whole family for his country's cause, I was permitted to sit on the + ground and hear an old Secessionist and rebel sympathizer extolled to the + skies, with great applause following, and one of our best and most gallant + soldiers ridiculed and abused as if he had been a pirate during the war. + So it is and so it goes. I am poor. So are all who spent their time in + aiding our country. The mistake we made was not to have staid at home and + made fortunes, and let these men, who “feathered their nests” + during the war, have gone and served in the army and showed their love of + country. We would now have been the patriots and the ones to be intrusted + with public affairs. + </p> + <p> + “But why should I care? I think I should not. But it is impossible + for me to lay aside my feelings on the subject of my country's + welfare. I will go down to my grave with the feeling that those who so + loved their country that they risked their lives for it are the safer ones + to trust with its control. I cannot see how those who did not wish the + success of our country and those who exerted every nerve to destroy it can + be the best persons in whose hands to place our vast interests. + </p> + <p> + “I may be wrong about this, however, and, therefore, will return to + my story, believing that the Lord doeth all things well. + </p> + <p> + “Peter and our family at home were sitting in the parlor. Jennie was + wrapping Peter's foot in cloths and bandages, when the conversation + turned on Col. David and Col. Anderson. Jennie had a letter from David but + a day or so before, which gave us the news of the good health of himself + and James, the doctor. It also informed her that Henry had been assigned + to duty in the same command with himself, which made it very pleasant for + them. My wife, Aunt Sarah, had received a letter from Mary Anderson a day + or so before which brought the gratifying intelligence that the Colonel + was improving rapidly and would be able soon to return to Allentown and + once more enjoy for a time the quiet of our home. He was informed that he + must not return to take the field again for some months. While I was at + home, trying to arrange the difficulty about the colonelcy of his + regiment, inasmuch as his discovery and return to Dolinsburg had not been + officially announced, I wrote to the President the situation, telling him + the whole story and calling his attention to the reports of the battles in + which the Colonel had participated, and asking that he give him + recognition by promotion to a Brigadier-Generalship. With this request the + President had kindly complied, and I had his commission in my possession, + which fact I kept a profound secret. Just then Peter said to me: + </p> + <p> + “'What can be done to arrange matters in Col. Tom's + regiment? There is Col. Rice, who, when Tom takes command or when the + facts are ascertained, will be reduced in his command as + Lieutenant-Colonel, and I will go back as Major. This I do not care for, + but Col. Rice is a proud man, and will dislike this, I fear. + </p> + <p> + “'Then he will show himself an unworthy officer. He should be + glad that his Colonel is alive and yield up the command gracefully.' + </p> + <p> + “'There is no other way for him to do,' said Peter; + 'that is true.' + </p> + <p> + “Old Ham was sitting off to one side with little Mary Anderson on + his lap. The child had been listening to what was said about her father. + She spoke to Uncle Ham, as she, with the rest of the family, had learned + to call him, and asked: + </p> + <p> + “'When is papa coming home? Is he well? Is mamma well? How + will they get home?' and many other questions. + </p> + <p> + “Ham said, 'I doesn't know. Hopes he git heah all right.' + </p> + <p> + “The old fellow seemed rather serious, and finally he asked Aunt + Sarah 'If dat letta diin't say nuffln 'bout my ole woman + Marfa.' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh, yes,' said my wife. 'Uncle Ham, you must + pardon me; I was so engaged talking to Peter and Uncle Daniel about our + sons that I really neglected to tell you. I will get the letter and read + you what Mary says about your wife.' + </p> + <p> + “She took the letter from her pocket and read to Uncle Ham that + Martha was well and so kind to Col. Tom, calling him her boy and saying + 'the good Laud' had saved him for some good purpose, and sent + her love to her 'dear ole Ham.' + </p> + <p> + “Ham broke into a laugh and said: 'Datfs it; dat's good. + I knowed she say jes' like dat. I tell you, Aunt Marfa, she be all + right. She know something I tell you she do.' + </p> + <p> + “He then entered into a disquisition on Aunt Martha to little Mary, + until she seemed to feel as much interested in Aunt Martha as did Uncle + Ham. + </p> + <p> + “While we were enjoying the rest of the evening in conversation we + heard a noise coming from the children's bedroom. Jennie at once + left us and proceeded to the room and found little Sarah Lyon—David's + youngest child, then four years old—very sick with a violent attack + of croup. We at once sent for a physician. He came, examined her and + pronounced her very ill. He very soon gave her relief, that proved to be + only temporary. We watched her during the night. In the morning she had a + violent fever, and seemed to be very flighty. Everything was done for the + blessed child, but all in vain. That afternoon she passed away. This was + another stroke to our whole family. Jennie, her mother, was nearly + frantic. This was the first misfortune of any sort that had happened in + David's family. We were all cast down in grief, as we loved little + Sarah. She had been named for my wife, who had made the child a special + pet. Little Mary and Jennie were almost heartbroken by her death. They + cried continually, and could not be pacified for several days. I + telegraphed her father, but it seems my dispatch, for some unknown reason, + was not delivered for three days. When it was he was almost crazed by the + unwelcome news. It was too late, however, for him to come home. This + seemed to sadden him. He was never himself any more during his life. + Little Sarah lies in the cemetery at Allentown.” + </p> + <p> + Here the old man broke down and wept bitterly for a time. When he + recovered he said: + </p> + <p> + “My friends, it seems to me strange that I should weep now. My + sorrows are passed. I am only waiting here below for the reward that true + devotion must bring in the other world. There is no recompense for it + here. At least, I have only found that which comes from the affections of + a loving family. Oh! why should my family all-all have been taken from me + as they were? Who has had such a hard fate as mine? Yes! yes! when I come + to reflect, many have. Yes! when all are gone—one or many—that + is all; we can lose no more. My country, O! my country, it was for thee + they died.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0006" id="link2HCH0006"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER VI. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + “K. G. C.”—ORGANIZATION OF THE ENEMIES OF THE UNION IN THE + NORTH—PLOTTING EVERYWHERE—OBJECTS OF THE TRAITOROUS + LEAGUE. + + “The bay trees in our country are all withered, + And meteors fright the fixed stars of heaven— + The pale faced moon looks bloody on the earth, + And lean-looked prophets whisper fearful change, + Rich men look sad, and ruffians dance and leap.” + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + “The loss of little Sarah had spread such a gloom over our household + that I felt a desire to be out at David's farm, away from the house, + as much as possible. Peter also seemed much depressed and showed a great + desire to return to his regiment. On one occasion, when Ham and I returned + in the evening, the conversation drifted in the direction of the absent + ones in the army, and to Harvey, who fell at the battle of the Gaps. My + wife at once alluded to her dream, which seemed to be preying upon her + mind almost constantly. Peter was silent, but I noticed that he dropped a + tear. After a moment he said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mother, you should not be constantly thinking of your + strange dream. You will become morbid on the subject, unless you drive it + from your mind. There is nothing in it that worrying will or can change. + There can be nothing sure in dreams, and if there is, you can only + discover it in the future. The war will reveal it all to you should there + be anything in it.” + </p> + <p> + “Ham must speak; it was thought by him to be his time. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, missus, de wah 'splain it all. Massa Peter and me + talk 'bout dat. No danger come out of dreams, you know.' + </p> + <p> + “'Why, Ham,' said Aunt Sarah, 'I thought you + dreamed about Peter, and said he was all right. You assured us of it; and + you said that you always knew by your dreams when matters were all right.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yeas, yeas, missus; but, you see, I be fool on dat. You see, + Massa Peter come back wid a so' foot, shot up putty bad. I got fool + on dat dream. You see, Marfa allers tells me 'bout de dreams. So you + see, I jes' thought I could tell, too. I miss it. Yeas, I miss him + dat time. Marfa, she know, she do. She tell you all 'bout dem when + she comed.' + </p> + <p> + “Then he laughed a regular darky laugh, as I found he was sure to + do, if he concluded he had drawn you off on a 'false scent,' + or heard anything that pleased him. + </p> + <p> + “Aunt Sarah was relieved. The fact that Ham admitted that he was + humbugged by his own dream seemed to quiet her nerves; so she did not + allude to her dream again for a great while. But I could see plainly that + Peter was very much depressed whenever allusion was made to it. O, it was + prophetic, 'twas a revelation of dire calamities to follow, one + after another. + </p> + <p> + “I could see it all when time unfolded the mystery, as it did, in + regular order. It was a warning so strangely imparted. But why, why this + warning, and why the calamities? That is the question which has been + demanding an answer so long; and yet no answer comes that seems to satisfy + my mind. Well, well, let that pass for the present. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning I sent Ham to the farm on horseback to bring some + vegetables. Early in the forenoon we heard a noise as if the running of a + horse down the street, and looking out saw Ham coming under heavy + pressure, with sails spread. I ran out on the porch, and Ham pulled in + opposite the little yard gate. I called to him, and asked what was the + trouble. The old darky was so scared that he stammered and made motions, + but I could get nothing of an intelligent character from him. I made him + dismount, tie up his horse, and come in. By this time the family were all + out inquiring into the trouble. Ham sat down on the edge of the porch near + the entrance and fanned himself with his hat. Great drops of perspiration + were rolling down his face. He seemed to be in much distress. Finally + Jennie said to him: + </p> + <p> + “'Ham, where is the lettuce, the asparagus, and the butter we + sent you after?' + </p> + <p> + “Ham, finding by this time that he was not dead, essayed to speak. + He raised himself to his full height. + </p> + <p> + “'W'y! W'y! Yeas! Yeas! De—de—de—dey + done gone!' + </p> + <p> + “'Gone where?' asked Jennie. + </p> + <p> + “'Dey done gone on de road, missus. I jes' tell you-uns + dey's Sesh in heah. 'Spec dey got dem, dey eat dem for dey + dinner. Dey got dem, sho.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, what about the “Sesh,” as you call them? + </p> + <p> + “'O, I tole you all 'bout dem. 'Pore de Laud, I + mus' rest fust. I is powerful tired, missis—I is.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Ham, put up your horse and get over your fright, and + then perhaps you can explain more satisfactorily what has happened to you.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yeas, missus, I 'spect dat am de bes' way.' + </p> + <p> + “So, when Ham had cooled off, we had him give us his experience. He + said: + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Massa Daniel, I jes' go to de farm and dar seed + Massa Joseph Dent. He fix up de littis, de 'sparagrass, and de eggs; + and when dey all fix up I get ready to come home. He says, “Ham, you + see dem fellows down de road dar?” I looked and seed 'em, and + say “Yes, sah.” Den he say, “Dey bad man's dey is; + kase dey's done bin heah all de mornin' lookin' round + like dey wants sumfin, and I watch 'em close; if dey boddersme dey + ketch it, sho;” dat's what he say! I done told Massa Dent dat + I not feared. But dat was a story, kase me was some skea'd. I gits + on de hoss and corned right on jes' like I wa'n't skea'd + at all. I rides slow doe, kase as how I wa'n't sho' + 'bout dem mans. So I gits 'bout half way down the road home, + and dem mans—dar war free of dem; dar war free, sho', dey jes' + steps right in de road afore me and de hoss. I say “Good mornin,” + and takes off my hat like a gemman. Dey say “Whar you goin', + nigga?” Den I know'd who dey is. When dey say “nigga,” + dat's nuff for dis child. I know'd dey be “Sesh.” + Dat's what “Sesh” all call us—“niggas.” + I tells you, den I's ska'd. One ob dem say, “What you + got dar, nigga?” I say “wegetables for de house.” Ben + dey say “Who house?' I told dem Massa Daniel. Den dey say, + “Dat ole Lyon? Dat ole Ablishner? Dat ole scoun'el what want + to whip de Souf? To free de niggas 'mongst us?” I say, “Don' + know 'bout dat. Massa Lyon not say nuffin to me 'bout dat.” + Den dey sajr, “Whar you come from, anyhow?” I tole 'em I + comed from up in de State whar Massa Daniel comed from. Den dey swar dat I + a liar; dat dey know'd Massa Daniel; dat he fetched no niggas hyar + from 'Hio. Den when dey say “'Hio,” golly, I be + glad; kase I could't smell out de name afore; forgot him clar, sho'. + Den I say I comed from 'Hio awhile ago, an' stay wid you, kase + I know'd you back dar in 'Hio. Den dey ax me w'at town I + comed from. Den dey get me. I skea'd den. One of dem say, “O, + he a d——d fool; he not know nuffin.” I say, “Yes, + sah, sho'; dat's fac. I doesn't know nuffin'bout + dem matters what you say.” Den dey laff. Yes, sah, dey laff. I start + on. Den dey say, “Nigga, stop dat hoss.” De hoss stop. Yes, + sah, den I be orful skea'd. O, dey was de mos' wostest lookin' + disciplinous “Sesh” you eber did see wid yo' eyes. Dey + had ole brown jeans coat an' britches. Dey look like de “Sesh” + what I seed when dey lef Col. Tom at my cabin.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, said Peter, 'they were escaped prisoners, I have + no doubt, from some place, and are hunting their way South.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sah,' said Ham; 'dat's it; dey + 'scape and is gwine back to de reb's army, sho': dat's + who dey is. I know'd dey was “Sesh.”' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, go on, Ham; tell us the rest,' said Aunt Sarah. + I was so much amused at Ham's story that I kept rather quiet. + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said Ham, 'den dey took de hoss by de + bridle and made me git off. I s'posed dey was gwine to take de hoss, + but dey looked de hoss ober, and say he no good, and gib de hoss back. I + got on and dey all pull out pistols and tell me to “git;” dat's + wa't dey say, and sho' you bo'n, I git—an' + de lettice go one way, de 'sparagrass go anoder way, and eggs go de + Lord knows whar—to smash, I reckon. Dey all gone, sho,' an' + I's hyar. Dey shoot when I go. I 'spect I be kill; but I'm + hyar, sho'; dis is ole Ham; he 'scape.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0008" id="linkimage-0008"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0097.jpg" alt="Ham Encounters the Rebels 097 " /> + </div> + <p> + “We all laughed—in fact, could not help it. I told Ham that I + would go out with him the next day and we would see about this matter. Ham + withdrew, scratching his head and looking very serious. + </p> + <p> + “The next day I had the horses hitched to the wagon, and Peter + feeling that he had so far recovered that he could stand the ride, we went + out together. When we came to the place where Ham had met his three + suspicious looking friends we examined the spot, found Ham's + lettuce, etc., scattered somewhat over the ground, but could not see much + evidence of anything else. + </p> + <p> + “Ham said but little. Finally, I asked him which direction his + friends had gone from here. He at once pointed the way, saying, 'Doesn't + you see de track? Dar he go, Turn 'roun' and go back de same + way he come.' + </p> + <p> + “We could see some indications that Ham's story might be true, + but not enough to be very satisfactory. However, we went along. When we + arrived at the farm and found Joseph Dent we had Ham relate his + experience. Joseph Dent said to come in the house. When we had all been + seated, Joseph said: + </p> + <p> + “'Well, I have no doubt as to the truth of what Ham says. The + same three men (at least, I suppose them to be, from the description), + came here last night and forced me to let them stay in the house. I was + not very fearful of their doing me any harm, as I was watchful. My partner + and myself could have handled them if they had made any demonstration. We + gave them their suppers and a mug of ale and got them going, and found + that they were escaped rebels, who had been in prison camp at + Indianapolis. They told us that there was a plot to let all the prisoners + loose and to raise an army out of their friends North to commence war + here, and in that way to have the rebellion succeed.' + </p> + <p> + “Peter inquired how they came to tell so much about their plans. + </p> + <p> + “Joseph answered that he and his partner pretended to them that they + were in full sympathy with the rebellion, and were staying here only to + have the influence of Col. David to keep them out of the Union army, and + that if compelled at any time to join either army they would join the + rebels. + </p> + <p> + “'Where have they gone?' inquired Peter. + </p> + <p> + “'They have gone into the country some twenty miles, to + Collins Grove. There is to be a political meeting there to-morrow, and + they expect, as they told us, that Thomas A. Strider, of Indianapolis, and + Dan Bowen, also of Indiana, were to be there, and through one of them they + thought they could obtain aid; that while in prison they had been + initiated into a society called the “Knights of the Golden Circle,” + which was a secession organization, intended as an auxiliary force to the + rebel army; that Dan Bowen was one of their main men, and so called + “Agitator”; that Thomas A. Strider was Chief Counselor to the + organization in Indiana; was to be in Washington most of the time to + “watch things” and to defend them at all times when any of + their order should be arrested or in any danger.' + </p> + <p> + “Peter and I went out to the barn and talked the matter over, and + thought that in such a case as this we would be justified in resorting to + any means or strategy to discover this secret organization and ascertain + the designs of its members. We concluded to get Joseph Dent, who was an + old soldier, and very bright, with an excellent memory, to join it and + find out all that he could about the organization. Agreeing to this, Peter + hobbled back on his crutches. He being a soldier made the proposition to + Dent, which he readily acceded to, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'I had thought of that myself, but feared that you might take + me to be too intimate with these people. I call them Secessionists and + rebels. I think, that if you agree, I will go down to this meeting + to-morrow, and when I come back will come to Allentown, as they might keep + a watch on me here.' + </p> + <p> + “With this understanding we returned, instructing Joseph Dent to + stay as long as might become necessary, in order to learn all that he + could as to the design of these people. After getting our supplies in the + wagon we returned home. On arriving we found all feeling very joyful over + the fact that Col. Anderson would be home in the course of a week. He had + so written to me. Aunt Sarah had opened and read the letter. Little Mary + was so delighted that she ran out and tried to tell us all that her father + had written. She would talk and stammer and draw a long breath, and then + commence again, and repeat until I had to tell her to rest and begin + slowly. When we got in we heard all. The two children were delighted at + the prospect of seeing Aunt Martha almost as much as seeing the Colonel + and his brave wife. Peter and I had to keep quiet about our program with + Joseph Dent, and therefore discussed other matters. During the evening + Peter concluded that he would not attempt returning to his regiment until + Col. Tom should arrive, so that he could arrange about the command and + take some word back to Col. Rice. (I said not one word about Tom's + commission as Brigadier, but continued the suggestion that Col. Rice could + not think of doing otherwise than turning over the command to Col. + Anderson.) Just then the post-boy came again with a letter. I opened it + and found it to be from my son Jackson, at St. Paul, Minn., (where he + resided and was engaged in railroad building,) stating that he considered + it his duty to enter the service of his country. Being young and healthy, + he said, no patriot in this crisis, blessed with good health, could afford + to remain out of the army; that the day would come when the question would + be asked of all such persons, 'Why did you not go to the war and + fight for your country?' Poor boy, if he were living now he would + ask himself the queston: 'Why did I go; for what did I peril my + life?' Yes! yes! + </p> + <p> + “Well, I kept this from my wife, Aunt Sarah, for the time. She was + so worried about our family that I thought best to wait for a day or so, + inasmuch as she did not see me get the letter. A couple of days passed and + Joseph Dent came to our house. After seeing and speaking to Jennie about + the farm and her interest generally, and telling Aunt Sarah about Ham's + scare and joking him somewhat, he spoke to Peter and myself, and said that + he wanted to see us alone. + </p> + <p> + “We all went out to the barn, and there he told us all that he had + heard and seen—that he had gone to Collins' Grove; that there + was a large political meeting there; that Dan Bowen spoke in the most + excited manner of the wrongs and outrages, as he termed them, of the vile + abolition adminstration; that the Union soldiers were mere hirelings; that + he hoped none of his party would join the Abolition army to assist in + robbing and murdering our brethren down South. (Dent had noted these + sayings in his memorandum; he was a man of fair education and a close + observer.) Bowen was vociferously applauded during his remarks. Thos. A. + Strider spoke also; but he was not so vehement and abusive as Bowen, but + was equally strong against the war for the Union. Strider spoke of it as + an unholy war on our part, and all the acts of Congress and the President + being 'unauthorized and unconstitutional,' and that the war + would be a failure and ought to be; that he would not see money + appropriated, if in his power to prevent, to carry it on; that if the + Government undertook to draft his friends in Indiana as soldiers, he would + defend any of them (free of charge) that resisted such an unconstitutional + proceeding. He continued in this vein for an hour. These utterances were + loudly applauded by the majority of the audience. But, continuing, he + stated that on that day he came across the three escaped prisoners + heretofore mentioned, and staid with them during the speeches and agreed + to all that was said, so as to satisfy them of his strict adherence to + their principles. + </p> + <p> + “They said to him that if he would remain that night they would + initiate him into their mysterious organization. He acceded to their + proposition without hesitation, and remained—not leaving them for an + instant. In the evening, shortly after dark, they were all conducted to a + large empty barn near by, and on entering it Dent found Thos. A. Strider + presiding, and Bowen lecturing on the designs and purposes of the Knights + of the Golden Circle. + </p> + <p> + “After he had explained the objects of the organization, an + obligation was administered to all who had not before been admitted and + obligated. Dent, being one who had not before joined, with others took the + obligation, and was then instructed in the signs, grips and passwords. He + said that he played it pretty well, so that he was thoroughly instructed, + and kept repeating them to himself, so that he might not forget any part. + The obligation pledged them to use all possible means in their power to + aid the rebels to gain their independence; to aid and assist prisoners to + escape; to vote for no one for office who was not opposed to the further + prosecution of the war, to encourage desertions from the Union army; to + protect the rebels in all things necessary to carry out their designs, + even to the burning and destroying of towns and cities, if necessary, in + order to produce the desired result. They were also directed to give + information at all times of any knowledge they might have of the movements + of our armies, and of the coming of soldiers to their homes; to use their + influence to prevent their return to the army. They were not even to + disclose the murder of any returned soldier or Union man, if done by any + one belonging to this organization. They were told in the instructions + that men were sent into our prisons to obligate and instruct all + prisoners, so that they could make themselves known in traveling, should + they escape; also, that the organization extended into Canada, as well as + every State in the North; that men in our army belonged to it, who would + retreat in battle, or surrender whenever they could do so; they could + always make themselves known to the rebel commanders; that the members + were in every way possible to foment jealousies and ill-feeling between + the Eastern and Western troops, and especially between the commanding + Generals of the two sections; they were to encourage the Western + volunteers not to allow themselves to be commanded by Eastern officers, + and especially were they to tickle the fancy and pride of the Eastern + officers and men, by encouraging them not to allow themselves to be + subjected to the control of the uneducated men of the West—in short, + every kind and character of argument was to be resorted to. In the event + of failure, any other means, no matter what, was to be employed to cause + failure on our part and success on theirs. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0009" id="linkimage-0009"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0103.jpg" + alt="Knights of the Golden Circle Meeting in a Barn 103 " /> + </div> + <p> + “Peter wrote down every word told us by Dent, being very careful + about the signs and passwords. This being done, we cautioned-Dent to be + extremely careful in his conversations with others, and never to speak of + this organization to any one, for fear that he might get into trouble or + suffer in some way from its members. Dent bade us good day and left for + home. We returned to the house and there read over Peter's + memorandum carefully, and studied the signs and passwords so as to fully + comprehend them. This, to us, was a serious question. Peter felt as though + there was much in this to cause our country great trouble in addition to + what was already upon us. I said to Peter that I would at once write to + the President and send him all the statements as they were made to us by + Dent, as well as suggest to him the necessity of having this conspiracy + (as it was nothing less) ferreted out at once, which I did that day, and + also suggested the arrest and trial of all that could be found who were + engaged in getting up these organizations. I soon received a letter, not + from the President, but from another, which satisfied me that my letter + had been received by the one for whom it was intended. + </p> + <p> + “Very soon the whisperings and newspaper gossip showed plainly that + there were jealousies in the Army of the East as well as in the Army of + the Center. Officers were complaining of each other, and some were + charging ill-treatment on the part of the Administration, showing clearly + that there were influences silently at work. About this time I received a + note from Washington requesting me to come to that city. I prepared for + the trip. Bidding good-by to our family, and requesting Peter not to leave + until I should return, I was off, no one but Peter and my wife holding the + secret of my leaving home at this time. When I arrived at Washington I + proceeded to the Executive Mansion, sent in my name, and was at once + admitted. The President met me most cordially, and asked me to be seated. + He wrote a note and sent it out by a messenger, then turned to me and + entered into conversation about the health of our people, the crops of the + country, and the sentiments I found generally held among the people of the + West in reference to the war. I said to him that among the Union people + there was but one sentiment, and that was that the last man and last + dollar must be exhausted, if necessary, to put down the rebellion. He + grasped me by the hand warmly and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Lyon, my good friend, I am exceedingly glad to know that. I + have been hearing curious stories about your part of Indiana. The Governor + of your State seems to fear trouble from some cause.' + </p> + <p> + “'My dear Mr. President,' I said, 'do not + misunderstand me. I do not mean to say our people are united; it is only + the Union people I had reference to. There is a strong party in the State + who are utterly opposed to the prosecution of the war, and they are led on + by very strong and influential men.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the President, 'this man Strider is + at the head of that party. He is a smooth-talking fellow—rather an + “Oily Gammon,” very shrewd, and hard to catch at any open or + overt act. He has a way of setting others on and keeping out himself. At + least, I should so conclude from what I have seen and know of him.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, Mr. President, you have estimated the man correctly,' + was my reply. + </p> + <p> + “'Just at this point in the conversation, the Secretary of War + came in. The President was going to introduce me. + </p> + <p> + “'No introduction is necessary, Mr. President,' said the + Secretary; 'this is one of my old neighbors and friends.' + </p> + <p> + “'Our meeting was full of warmth and friendly greetings, + having been friends for many years in Ohio prior to my leaving the State. + We were all seated, and after some general conversation between the + Secretary and myself, the President remarked that he had sent for me, and + on my presenting myself he had sent for the Secretary of War for the + purpose of having a full conference in reference to the situation in the + rear of the army out West, and that from my letter to him he did not know + of any one who could give him that information better than myself. + </p> + <p> + “'By the way,' said he, 'what about your nephew, + Anderson? He must be a glorious fellow and a good soldier. Of course, you + have received the commission that the Secretary and I sent you for him?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes I thanks to you, Mr. President. He is improving very + fast. His wound will soon be well, and he will then be ready for the field + again.' + </p> + <p> + “'Tell him,' said the President, 'that I will + watch his career with great interest. Coming from where he does, he must + have good metal in him to face his friends and relatives in taking the + stand he has.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sir,' said I; 'he is a true man, and his + wife, though a Southern woman, is one of the noblest of her sex, and as + true a patriot as ever lived.' + </p> + <p> + “'Your family are nearly all soldiers, I believe, Mr. Lyon,' + said the Secretary. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, Mr. Secretary; I had seven sons—five are in the + army, one was killed at the battle of the Gaps, and the seventh is on his + way from St. Paul to join it. God knows I have some interest in our + success, and I will go myself at any time should it be necessary.' + </p> + <p> + “'The President here interrupted: + </p> + <p> + “'No, Mr. Lyon, you must not. You have done enough. If this + Government cannot be saved without the eighth one of your family putting + his life in peril at your age, it cannot be saved. We will accept no more + recruits from the Lyon family.' + </p> + <p> + “'The President then asked me to give to the Secretary and + himself the situation in the West as nearly as I could, and especially in + Indiana. + </p> + <p> + “I proceeded to state the situation—the bitterness of the + opposition to the Administration, as well as to the war, then being + manifested by the anti-war party, or, in other words, by the Democratic + party as an organization; the organized lodges of the Golden Circle, their + objects and designs, the influence they were to bring to bear, how they + were to operate and in what directions, the jealousies they were to + engender between the officers of the East and the West; the fact that they + were to release prisoners and to destroy towns and cities in the North, + should it become necessary. + </p> + <p> + “The President and Secretary both listened with grave attention, and + seemed to fully comprehend the situation. + </p> + <p> + “The President finally said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Secretary, this is a very serious matter, and is + becoming more so every day.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' replied the Secretary; 'you know, Mr. + President, that we have talked this over heretofore, but this revelation + seems startling. I can begin to see where the influence partly comes from + which gives us so much trouble with some of the officers of the Eastern + army. At first I was induced to believe that they were jealous of each + other, but I am beginning to think it comes from political influences in + opposition to the Administration, having a desire to change the policy of + the Government in reference to the war. Several of the senior officers in + different commands act as though they thought more of promotion and being + assigned to large commands than the success of our cause. They will not + serve under any but their own selection of commanders—at least, make + opposition to doing so. There seems to be a little coterie who think no + one is suitable to command except themselves. They have not been very + successful so far, and act as though they were determined that no one else + should be. We have relieved their chief and brought a new man to the + field, and I do believe that some of these men will not give him a cordial + support. We must wait, quietly, however, for developments. One thing is + strange to me, and that is that I find these complaining gentlemen all + have been and now are in sympathy with the party which is found in a great + degree opposing the war. I do not mean by this to impeach their + patriotism, but to suggest that the influences which operate upon them and + flatter their vanity by suggestions of presidency, cabinets, head of the + army, future power, greatness, etc., are not coming from the people or + party in full accord with the Administration and in favor of such a + prosecution of the war as will insure ultimate success.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said the President, 'we are in their + power at the present, and their demands upon the Administration are of a + character to induce the belief that they are preparing the road to an + ultimate recognition of the so-called Confederacy; but, gentlemen, they + will not succeed.' (This he said with much warmth.) 'I will + not let them succeed. The Lord, in his own good time, will raise up and + develop some man of great genius as a commander, and I am now patiently + waiting for that time. I cannot put these men aside now. The country would + sympathize with them and feel that I do not know as much about war as they + do; but they will tell the tale on themselves very soon, and then we will + be completely justified in getting rid of them. This war must go on for + some time yet if the Union is to be restored, and I have faith that it + will be; but I am just now bothered more about the condition in the rear + than in the front; that will come out all right in time. But if these + Golden Circle organizations spread, as they seem to be doing, in the West, + where a great portion of our troops must come from, and the people should + once get the idea fixed in their minds that the war must be a failure, and + a fire in the rear is started of great proportions, then what? Then will + come the serious question. And should the people pronounce at the next + election against a further prosecution of the war, there will be a secret + understanding with those who come into power that the so-called + Confederacy is to be recognized, and that will be the end.' + </p> + <p> + “'But, Mr. President, do you look for such a result?' I + asked. + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir,' responded the President; 'I was only + putting the worst side of the case—just as I would look at the worst + side of a client's case in court. The people of this country love + this republic too well to see it go down marred and destroyed merely for + the purpose of upholding the crime and infamy of slavery. No, gentlemen, + this Union will be restored. All the rebels of the South, and all the + sympathizers and Golden Circles of the North cannot destroy it so long as + there is one patriot left qualified to lead an army. They will have to + burn every city and assassinate every leading man who is able to be a + leader before our flag will go down in gloom and disgrace. This they may + try. God only knows what desperate men will do to uphold an unholy cause.'” + </p> + <p> + “How prophetic this thought was,” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes, it was really so. The very things mentioned were attempted, + and an organization completed for the purpose. They accomplished a part of + their hellish design, but they did not succeed to the extent contemplated. + </p> + <p> + “But to return to the conversation with the President and Secretary: + </p> + <p> + “The President then asked me if I would, in my own way, further + ferret out what was being done by this organization in the West and post + him by reports in writing as often as I could conveniently do so. + </p> + <p> + “I responded that I could not go into the lodges myself, but I + would, in every way that I could consistently, through others, obtain + information and send him. + </p> + <p> + “'This,' he said, 'was all that he could ask me to + do, situated as I was.' + </p> + <p> + “This being all that was desired, the Secretary of War made out a + pass authorizing me to enter any and all of our lines or camps of + prisoners, to visit any and all hospitals—in fact, to go to and pass + through all places under military control in the United States. With this + pass in my pocket I bade good-by to the President and Secretary and left + for home. + </p> + <p> + “When I returned I found that Col. Tom Anderson, his wife, and old + Aunt Martha had arrived. The family had a joyful meeting and had become + settled down. All were glad to see me. Col. Tom, his wife, and Aunt Martha + had many pleasant things to relate—how Tom recovered so rapidly; how + kind Col. Harden had been; what a good man Surg. Long was; how a band of + rebels came down the river to old George's farm, where Tom had been + so long; how they were surprised and captured by one of Col. Harden's + reconnoitering parties, and that they said they were sent to take Mr. + George's property away and to bring with them old Ham and Aunt + Martha. + </p> + <p> + “Old Ham, being present, broke out in one of his characteristic + laughs. + </p> + <p> + “'Ah! He-ogh. Fo' de good Laud, dat's de time dey + miss der cotch. Dis darky was done gone when dey comed. I know'd dey'd + be dar sometime for dis cat, and Marfa, too. I tells you, dey want her, + dey do. She know how to cook and do things, she do. Be a cole day when dey + gits dis cat agin, sho's you born'd.' + </p> + <p> + “Aunt Martha came in and said to Ham: + </p> + <p> + “'What you doin' heah, Ham?' + </p> + <p> + “'I's sympensizen wid dem “Sesh” what comed + down to ole Massa George's place back yonder for to fotch me and you + back to de Missip. De cat done gone. He-ah! he-ah!' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; but you ole fool, dey'd got you if it had not bin + for me. I beg you afore you goes to go wid Massa Daniel, you knows I did.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, Marfa, dat's so. I tole dem all de time dat you + knows de bes'. Don't I, Massa Daniel?' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh, yes, Ham,' I said. 'You always speak well of + Martha, and what she knows.' + </p> + <p> + “'Deed I do, Marfa; dat's so; I does, all de time.' + </p> + <p> + “'Dat's all right den, Ham. I forgib you all what you + do, so you jes' git out in de kitchen; dar's whar you blong. + Dese folks spile you ef dey don't mind deyselves. + </p> + <p> + “The family, or a considerable portion of them, again being + together, we naturally drifted in our conversation as to the war, it being + uppermost in everybody's mind at that time; so I found an + opportunity to tell Col. Anderson and Peter all about my trip, what had + occurred, and what I had promised to do. Peter said that I would have to + be very cautious, and that the first thing was to understand whether or + not the Postmaster here could be trusted. Should he allow it to be known + that I was frequently communicating with the President, the enemies at + Allentown would manage in some way to discover my communications, and + thereby my life would be in danger. + </p> + <p> + “I knew the Postmaster, however, and that he could be trusted; so + that part of the matter was settled. + </p> + <p> + “Colonel Anderson suggested that there should be no haste in + settling the arrangements; that it was of such importance that a little + reflection would do no harm; so we laid the matter over for the present.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel,” said Col. Bush, “we who were in the army + felt the influence of the Knights of the Golden Circle. There was one time + during the war when we would have hundreds of desertions in a night; nor + could we stop it for a considerable length of time. We finally discovered + that the people opposed to the war were engaged in every possible way in + influencing the relatives of the soldiers. They would sometimes get their + wives to write about their sufferings, sickness in their families, and in + every way that it could be done they were rendered dissatisfied.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Maj. Clymer, “that is true in every respect. + Part of my command deserted, and I have found since the war that they were + induced to do so by these very influences.” + </p> + <p> + “The situation at that time was very critical,” said Dr. + Adams. “I remember well when mobs were organized and when soldiers + were shot down on the road in this vicinity while returning to their + commands after being home on a leave of absence. + </p> + <p> + “O, yes, those were perilous times for all who were in favor of + their country's success. Returning, however, to family matters: + </p> + <p> + “On the morning of the next day, after Peter, Col. Anderson and + myself had talked over the matter of my Washington trip, and sat down to + breakfast, Col. Anderson found a paper under his plate. All eyes were upon + him, and he turned his upon the paper. He read it, and looked at me as + though he understood it all, yet it was evidently a very happy surprise; + he said not one word, but handed it to his wife, supposing that the rest + knew of it. She jumped up from the table and threw her arms around my neck + and wept for joy. This procedure seemed to puzzle the rest of the family, + as they were totally ignorant of the contents of the paper. + </p> + <p> + “'Mother,' exclaimed Peter, 'what is all this?' + </p> + <p> + “Col. Anderson said: 'Aunt, do you not know what it is?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, indeed,' she replied. + </p> + <p> + “I then revealed the secret of my keeping the fact quiet about Tom + having been commissioned as a Brigadier-General + </p> + <p> + “Peter at once said: 'Well, that settles the question in our + regiment; and I am truly glad, for two reasons: first, that Col. Anderson + has been promoted, and, second, that it leaves our regiment intact.' + </p> + <p> + “All congratulated the Colonel and were happy over it. Old Aunt + Martha who was waiting on the table that morning shouted out 'Glory! + Dat's jes' what I sed; dat de good Laud was gwine to keep + Massa Tom for some big thing, so he do good. I know'd it.' + </p> + <p> + “We all felt that it was due him and all were glad. Upon looking up + I discerned tears in Jennie's eyes, I knew in a moment her thoughts, + but said not a word. Her darling child, Sarah, had died, and of course she + was sensitive and easily touched. After breakfast I took the first + opportunity to say to her: 'My dear child, don't feel badly; + your husband's promotion will come very soon.' + </p> + <p> + “This seemed to cheer her up, and all went on well and pleasantly. + No one seemed to understand Jennie's tears but myself, and I was + very quiet on the subject. Sure enough, the very next day she got a letter + from David, telling her that he had been promoted and assigned to the + command of a brigade. This made us all doubly happy, and caused us to + forget our grief for a time. The two children did not quite understand all + this. But Aunt Martha, to whom the children had become quite devoted, was + in her very peculiar way explaining it all to the children, and yet she + knew but little more about it than they did, and between her explanations + and their understanding of it, made it very amusing indeed. + </p> + <p> + “Two days afterwards Peter left for his command, which was still + encamped on the battle-field of Pittskill Landing. He felt as though he + could do camp duty if no more. He wore the same sad countenance that had + become fastened upon him since he had been pondering over his mother's + dream. + </p> + <p> + “Col. Anderson was still very weak, but was nervous about the future + and extremely anxious to recover sufficiently to take the field. His + bloodless face and trembling motion showed that he couldn't perform + field duty for some time to come. He made a request, however, for the + detail of Capt. Day, of Col. Harden's regiment, as one of his + aides-de-camp. The order for the detail, in accordance with his wishes, he + soon received, but delayed sending it forward, leaving Capt. Day with Col. + Harden until such time as he should be able to be assigned to duty. In + talking over with Gen. Anderson the situation and the mission I had to + perform, we concluded, inasmuch as he was only slightly known through the + West, that he could travel through Ohio, Indiana and Illinois on a + prospecting tour and be less liable to suspicion than myself, known as I + was in many parts of the country, and that the journey was just what he + needed to give him strength. + </p> + <p> + “Preparatory to his undertaking the expedition we thought proper to + visit Joseph Dent on the farm, and have the General more fully posted in + the mysteries of the Golden Circle. We at once repaired to the farm. While + there Dent instructed him thoroughly, he having it at his tongue's + end, as he had been meeting with the Circle frequently in the + neighborhood, under the advice of Peter and myself. Gen. Anderson + carefully wrote down everything in his pocket memorandum book, and after + frequently going over the signs, manipulations, passwords, etc., with + Dent, we left for home. All the preliminaries were then arranged, so that + the General was to start as soon as he considered himself sufficiently + strong to undergo the fatigues of the journey. + </p> + <p> + “Late in the evening the form of a tall, well-proportioned man + appeared at the door and rapped. I said 'Come.' He entered, + saying, 'Father, how are you?' I saw it was my son Jackson, + from St. Paul, Minn. After hearty greetings, I introduced him to Gen. + Anderson and wife. Aunt Sarah soon entered the room, and the meeting + between mother and son was most touching. In the conversation that ensued + Jackson soon disclosed the fact that he was on his way to join the army + somewhere, not entirely defined in his own mind; but came by to pay a + visit to us first. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson seemed at once to take a fancy to Jack son, and + proposed that he make application for a Captaincy in the Regular Army and + be assigned to him as one of his staff officers. This was readily acceded + to by my son. The papers were made out, and Jackson started for Washington + the next morning to make the request of the President, the understanding + being that he was to return to my house and await the future movements of + Gen. Anderson. His mother, hearing of this arrangement, was better + satisfied with it than she would have been if he had started out in some + regiment; but she wept bitter tears at the thought of all her sons + endangering their lives. + </p> + <p> + “She said to me: + </p> + <p> + “'Daniel, if our whole family, or a greater part of them + should be lost, who will remember it to our honor, and where will sympathy + for us come from? You know the youth who fired the Ephesian Dome is + remembered, while the builder is forgotten.' + </p> + <p> + “These words of my good wife are constantly ringing in my ears. How + true! how true!” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0007" id="link2HCH0007"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER VII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + TRAITOR KNIGHTS—ORGANIZATION OF REBEL SYMPATHIZERS IN + INDIANA AND ILLINOIS—SIGNS AND SECRETS—GEN. ANDERSON'S + TOUR OF INVESTIGATION —THE GOLDEN CIRCLE. + + “O, Conspiracy, shame'st + Thou to show thy dangerous brow by night, + When folks are most free? O then, by day, + Where will thou find a cavern dark enough + To mask thy monstrous visage? + Seek none, conspiracy.” + —Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + “Several days elapsed before Gen. Anderson felt that he could + undertake the journey contemplated. Finally he concluded that he would + make the effort. He thought it best for him to pass into Illinois first, + as he would not be known in that State. After arranging his matters and + leaving word for Jackson to remain at my house, (on his return from + Washington, should he succeed in obtaining the desired appointment,) until + he returned from his tour of investigation, he started. + </p> + <p> + “The first stopping place of the General was at Colestown, in + Charles County. There he remained several days, and found the most bitter + feeling existing between the political parties. He passed very easily + among the anti-war people for a Southerner and rebel. He made the + acquaintance of one Maj. Cornell, who was home on leave of absence. The + General, finding him a very intelligent and apparently an honorable, + high-minded gentleman, explained to him that he was not a rebel, but on a + mission for the Government. This made him all right with the loyal + element, that could be privately communicated with and trusted. + </p> + <p> + “He had noticed a gentleman, rather fine-looking, with the movements + and general appearance of a Southerner. He managed to get a good look in + his face, and recognized him as Mr. Jas. Walters, of Arkansas. He spoke to + him. The recognition was mutual; the General invited him to his room, and + there the knowledge of the Golden Circle was at once manifested. Neither + disclosed at first anything about himself, but finally the General told + Walters that he was up here North for his health, and to spy out the + situation and report the same. They soon became very confidential, and + Walters unbosomed himself to the General. He told him that he was + traveling under the guise of a real-estate agent, selecting land for some + large and wealthy firm, but in reality he was organizing the Knights of + the Golden Circle; that he had organized, some ten miles southeast of the + town, a lodge of sixty members. He gave all the names. In Colestown he had + another lodge, seventy strong, with Col. O. B. Dickens as Chief of the + Order for that Congressional district. + </p> + <p> + “During that evening he showed the General his lists and gave him + the names of men to go to in Vernon County, Jeffersonville, Fayetteville, + Franklin, Perryville, Fultonville and many other places in the state. + </p> + <p> + “Chicago being the main headquarters, he directed him (if he should + go there) to Morrison Buckner, John Walls, N. Judy Cornington, C. H. + Eagle, and many other prominent men who belonged to the organization and + were in direct communication with Windsor, Canada, where a portion of the + main directors and managers were stationed, and from whence they were + sending out organizers for the West. Walters told him that Indianapolis, + Ind., was one of the 'Head Centers,' and that Dodgers, + Bowlens, Millington, Dorsing and Byron were the Chiefs, with several + so-called Agitators, and that Mr. Strider was Supreme Counsel; that the + organization was spreading rapidly; that in Ohio, at Dayburg, was the Head + Center; that along the great river there were very many lodges and quite a + number of members, but that it had not been so long at work in Ohio as in + Illinois and Indiana. Also, that the Supreme Commander lived in Dayburg, + O.; his name was given as Valamburg; that in Kentucky and Missouri nearly + all the people were joining the order and sending men as fast as they + could to the rebel army, and at the proper time, when things were ripe for + the people to rise, one of the most popular officers in the rebel army, + who lived in Missouri, would be sent there with enough troops to protect + himself until the Knights could join him. + </p> + <p> + “He went on to say that Col. Burnett, of St. Louis, was Supreme + Commander for Missouri, and Marmalade was Chief Agitator; John Morganson + was Supreme Commander in Kentucky; that he was gathering men from there + all the time; that he was not only Supreme Commander of Kentucky, but + appointed to make excursions and raids into Ohio and Indiana, whenever the + organization should be considered strong enough to protect him. This, he + said, was considered one of the measures to be resorted to in order to + frighten the property-holders of the North, and thereby drive them into a + peace-policy; that if the North could be once thoroughly alarmed about the + safety of their property, the anti-war party would then carry an election, + and that would secure the recognition of the Southern Confederacy; that a + perfect understanding of this kind existed with the leaders of the + Confederacy and the leaders of the anti-war party North. He told the + General that this organization was first started in New York city by a man + by the name of McMasterson and some gentlemen from Richmond, who had + passed through the lines and gone there for this purpose; that there were + at that time 100,000 Knights in the State of New York; 80,000 in Ohio; + 75,000 in Indiana, and 50,000 in Illinois. + </p> + <p> + “He said it was thought that it would require about one year yet to + get the organization perfected and in good working order; that they had to + work very cautiously, and would have considerable trouble getting the + right kind of arms into their hands. There was no trouble, he said, in + having them all armed with pistols; 'for,' said Walters, + 'these Yankees are so fond of money that you can buy arms anywhere, + if on hand. You can get them made at some of the private arsenals, if you + could assure them against discovery. The intention, however, is to get all + things ready by the time of the next Presidential election, and if we do + not whip them before that time we will resort to such methods as will + insure the election of one of our friends, or one who believes that we can + never be subjugated.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0010" id="linkimage-0010"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0118.jpg" alt="Drinking to the Success of Treason 118 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The General responded to what he had said, and remarked that it did + seem that if those plans could be carried out that success must certainly + follow. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Walters; 'we must not and cannot + fail. I tell you, when these money-loving Yanks see their towns and cities + threatened, prisoners turned loose, maddened by confinement, and commence + applying the torch, you will hear peace! peace! for God's sake, give + us peace! This will be the cry, sir! Mind what I say!' + </p> + <p> + “Col. Walters by this time had disclosed the fact that he was a + colonel in the rebel army; he had pulled at his flask frequently, and was + growing quite eloquent. Gen. Anderson could not drink, and his looks gave + him a good excuse for not doing so. Finally Walters said: + </p> + <p> + “'Anderson, how did you get here, anyhow? The last time I saw + you was at Vicksburg, four years ago, attending court.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said the General, 'I might have asked you + the same question.' + </p> + <p> + “'Now, don't play Yankee on me in answering my question + by asking me another.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, said the General, 'I was in Kentucky, and when I + crossed the river no one asked me any questions. I looked so ill and + emaciated that they thought I told them the truth when I said I wanted a + change of climate—and then, I am also playing the Union role, you + know.' + </p> + <p> + “'Is it not very curious,' said Walters; 'I have + traveled all over this country, and no one has asked me a question as to + where I came from or what I am doing. In our country we would both have + been in prison or hung before this as spies. Don't you think so?' + </p> + <p> + “'We would have been in great danger,' said the General + </p> + <p> + “'Danger! Thunder!' said Walters; 'we would have + pulled hemp before this.' + </p> + <p> + “It was then getting quite late, and the General began to excuse + himself on account of his health, and they finally spoke of meeting again + sometime, and bade each other good night. The General retired after + arranging to leave on the train in the morning for Chicago. Leaving + Coles-town at an early hour, he arrived in Chicago that evening and put up + at the Richmond House. In the course of the next day, by proper + management, he got acquainted with Walls, Morrison Buckner and Mr. Eagle. + This hotel seemed to be the common meeting-place for this class of men. + The subject of the war was discussed very freely by all of them. They + seemed to be very much exasperated about the course of the Administration, + denouncing its acts as revolutionary, arbitrary and unconstitutional. + Eagle seemed to be rather a good-natured fellow—dealt measurably in + jokes, as I took it. He said that he did not owe allegiance to any + country, as he understood it; that his father was French, his mother was + German, and he was born on English waters under the Italian flag; and that + he should claim protection from all until his nativity could be settled. + </p> + <p> + “The General said he rather took a liking to him. He finally + explained to the General, however, that he was from the South, but left + there because his health was not good enough to go into the Confederate + army, and he knew if he staid he would have been compelled to do so. In + Chicago there was no danger of having to go into either army; that a man + could stay and help the rebels more than if he we were South, and if they + wanted him in the army he could hire some fool to go and get shot in his + place for a hundred dollars. He said that there was another advantage—that + the people went so fast that they forgot which side you were on in a + month, and that you did not have to live there always to become a citizen. + You could go to Congress after you had been there a week, if you only knew + how to handle the 'boys.' + </p> + <p> + “'The General said that he was really amused at the fellow, + but very soon the Grand Head Center of the State came in and he was + introduced to Mr. N. Judy Cornington. + </p> + <p> + “'The General gave him the sign, which was at once recognized, + and the wink went round that the General was a brother. They conversed + freely about the condition of the country; the ultimate result of the war; + what must be done to bring about peace; how the Administration must be + changed and peaceful commercial relations established with the South, and + the Southern Confederacy recognized. To all this the General responded: + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; but suppose these things that you mention do not bring + about the result. What then?' + </p> + <p> + “'What then?' you ask, 'We will then resort to any + and every means, no matter what, for success. We are now in the same + condition as the rebels South. Should they fail we will have to go South, + or forever be under the ban of treason. You do not suppose that these + people who support the Union will ever trust any of us or any of our party + again, should our friends South fail, do you?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, what of it?' asked Mr. Buckner. 'I do not + now, nor do I expect hereafter to ask these people for anything. I am + actuated by principle purely, without reference to the future. Let the + future take care of itself.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, that is well enough, Mr. Buckner,' said + Corning-ton, 'as a sentiment just now; but some day we will feel + differently, and our people, who are now taking desperate chances, will + want to have something to say. You do not suppose that all these brave men + who are now in the rebel army, and their friends North, are going to allow + these Abolitionists to run this Government, even if we should not succeed.' + </p> + <p> + “'Do you think that these people North will care (after this + thing is over) anything about who shall be in power,' said Mr. + Eagle. 'I tell you, Mr. Cornington, that they will soon forget all + about it. You show them where the least taxes are and the most money to be + made, and they will throw patriotism to the dogs. Why, if the rebellion + fails, I expect to see Jeff. Davis' Cabinet, or part of them, + running this Government, with him behind them directing things. Yes, sir; + no matter what occurs, we only have to let these people go on making + money, and we will look after the politics. They will not take time to do + it.' + </p> + <p> + “'Why, gentlemen, I expect to run the politics of this State + yet. I intend to make money now, and when the thing blows over I will then + have leisure. I do not care for the amount of money these Northern men + want. When we Southern men get enough to have a small income to live on, + we turn our attention to politics; and there is no trouble to run things + if you only attend to it. These rich fellows think all you have to do is + to have plenty of money, and if you want anything done in politics, buy + it. There is where they make their great mistake. You must work the boys—give + them a show along with you. The people all have their ambitions—some + great, some not so great, but all want a show. There are some men here in + this city who think they can buy the whole State. But they are mistaken; + when they try it they will discover their error. They will find the + fellows that play politics play the game well,' and so rattled on + this man Eagle. The General said that when he got started he was like a + wound-up clock—you either had to let it run down or smash it. + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said Cornington, 'Eagle, you seem to take + rather a rosy view of things. I do not look at matters quite in the same + light that you do. I want to see success assured; then matters may assume + the shape you say. But I fear if we fail the result will be otherwise.' + </p> + <p> + “Said Eagle: 'I tell you, sir, that no matter what happens, + the brains and courage and aggressiveness of the Southern people will + control this country, Union or no Union, and you will see it yet, if we + live. But that belief must not prevent us from doing our duty manfully. We + must hang together and terrify the Northern people.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Cornington, 'as was said by one of + our fathers in the Revolution, “we must hang together, or we will + hang separately.”' This caused Eagle to laugh. + </p> + <p> + “'Oh I' said he, 'those old fellows were + frightened into success, and you must know that to alarm the North about + their money and property being in danger is the only road to success. You + can't scare them about their lives. Our people are mistaken on that + point. They care much less for their lives than for their “oil.”' + </p> + <p> + “The General, after getting all the information he could as to the + extent of the organization, their designs and intended future operations, + which corresponded with what he had learned from Walters, promised to see + them again, and left that night for Dayburg, Ohio. On arriving there he + tried every way to obtain an interview with the Supreme Commander of the + Golden Circle of the United States, but in vain. His attempts were all + thwarted in one way or another. The Commander (Valamburg) must have had + some fears in reference to strangers. + </p> + <p> + “For three days the General tried to get a chance to see him, but + could not. He met, however, three men,—Pat Burke, Tim Collins and + John Stetson,—with whom he formed a slight acquaintance, and, on + giving them the signs and passwords of the Circle, was taken into their + confidence. They took him riding into the country and showed him several + large barns where they were in the habit of holding their meetings, and + gave him full information as to their prospects in reference to future + operations. The three men were Agitators or, in other words, Organizers. + </p> + <p> + “John Stetson had been in Dayburg about three months; was a Colonel + in the rebel army; had been a prisoner at Camp Chase, but in some + mysterious way was permitted to escape by putting on different clothes + from his own, which in some manner were smuggled in to him. He had shaven + off his whiskers and made a close crop of his hair, and was so changed in + his appearance that no one would have suspected that he was the same man. + He was known in prison, and so entered on the records, as Col. Jacob Reed, + 13th Ky. (Confederate) infantry. This man Stetson, alias 'Reed,' + was very communicative; told the General that if they did not succeed in + working up sufficient feeling in the Northern States to change the course + of the Administration that they would have to resort to other and more + severe methods—such as raiding in the North, destroying property, + burning cities, etc.; that the Confederacy must be successful; that they + were now in for it, and there must be no faltering; that there must be no + sickly sentiment about the means to be adopted hereafter; that fire and + flood and desolation were perfectly legitimate if necessity should ever + demand the use of different means from the present. He said that they + could raid from Kentucky and Missouri; that New York, Cleveland, + Cincinnati and Chicago had been agreed upon as the cities for destruction, + if the time should ever come for such action; that their friends in those + cities could make themselves whole from the wreck—at least, all that + they particularly cared for; so far as the property-holders who pretended + to be their friends were concerned, they did not care for them,—that + they would not help them any, and only wanted to fill their pockets out of + the general misfortunes of the Southern people. + </p> + <p> + “After the General had traveled around considerably with these men + as their friend and guest, he wished them success and health, bade them a + hearty good-bye, and left for Indianapolis to see the Governor, not + wishing to try experiments there, where he had been in camp so long. When + he arrived and had time to visit the Executive, he found him greatly + perplexed at what he had ascertained about the secret treasonable + organization in the State of Indiana. He asked the General a great many + questions about his recovery, his promotion, etc., and finally said: + </p> + <p> + “'I want you to help keep up the reputation of our State in + the army.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson replied: + </p> + <p> + “'I hope, Governor, you will never have any cause for + complaint in that direction.' + </p> + <p> + “'No,' said the Governor; 'I hope I shall not! + But,' said he, 'it begins to look as though we might have + trouble at home. These Golden Circles are bound to give us trouble, and I + fear very soon,' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the General, 'they are getting pretty + numerous, and very bold and exasperating at the same time. How many do you + suppose there are in this State, Governor? + </p> + <p> + “'I suppose there must be twenty or thirty thousand-enough for + a pretty good army. If they had any bold man to lead them, they could + release our prisoners here and destroy our city.' + </p> + <p> + “Seeing that the Governor exhibited some alarm, the General was + afraid to tell him then how many there actually were in the State. But + very soon his Adjutant-General came in, and in conversation raised the + figures to some forty or fifty thousand. The Governor looked surprised, + and the General thought that he might then disclose the facts as to + numbers, and told the Governor that he had found out means of + ascertaining, and that their claim for Indiana was 75,000. This seemed to + startle him. He at once asked his Adjutant-General how many regiments + there were now in camp near the city, and was informed that there were + four, with a great many recruits in the camp of instruction. He made many + inquiries of the General as to how he obtained his information. Gen. + Anderson told him that he had obtained it in various ways; that some of + his friends had joined the organization and, not believing in it, had + posted him, under the seal of confidence. + </p> + <p> + “'Do you believe them?' inquired the Governor. + </p> + <p> + “'I most certainly do,' responded the General. + </p> + <p> + “The General then gave him the names of Strider, Bowen, Bowlens, + Millington, Dorsing and Byron as the leaders—Organizers, Agitators, + Commanders, etc.—for the State of Indiana. The Governor was + surprised at hearing some of the names, and said he had no doubt of + Strider being at the bottom of it, but that he would not be caught; that + when the trying time should come, if ever, he would turn up as counsel, + and in that way would get out of it, and thereby seal the mouths of the + criminals. + </p> + <p> + “He advised the Governor to keep a watch on some of these men, and + he would soon discover them; that they had not been long enough at this + thing to understand the necessary precaution. None had yet been caught and + punished, and they were not looking to the serious consequences to + themselves should they be exposed. + </p> + <p> + “He also asked the Governor to apprise the President of the United + States of the condition of these matters in the State, but at the same + time not to mention his name as the source of information. He bade the + Governor good-by and left for Camp Chase, Ohio, having, while in + Indianapolis, determined to return to Ohio and investigate the prisoners + at Camp Chase. When he arrived there, having no authority, he could not + converse with the prisoners alone; but, becoming acquainted with the + Colonel commanding the Camp, and explaining in confidence who he was and + his mission, he was allowed free access to the camp and to the prisoners. + He soon picked out a young man from Virginia—his appearance would + indicate his age to be about eighteen years. He told the General that he + lived in the extreme south-western part of what is now old Virginia. His + name was Ridenbergen. He said to the General that he had no cause to fight + against the United States, but that he was in now and proposed to fight it + out. The General having played the Southern dodge and sympathy with the + rebellion in such a way as to satisfy him, and also having given the sign + of the Circle, which this young Virginian seemed to well understand, there + was no longer any necessity for withholding anything in reference to their + condition, expectations of succor, release, etc. He told the General that + John Stetson, alias Col. Jacob Reed, of Dayburg, had been there + frequently; that only a few of them recognized him; of course no one + 'peached,' as they knew he was working for their benefit. + </p> + <p> + “He said our commander of the prison was not very observing; that + quite a number had escaped, and nothing was known or said about it; that + others answered for them, reported them sick, or gave some other excuse + which was always taken; that Stetson had brought in the rituals of the + Golden Circle, and that all of them who were intelligent enough to + understand it, were posted, and that some of the guards belonged and were + constantly making the signs to the Confederate officers inside. He had no + doubt that sooner or later they would be released. He had the same idea + about how they would ultimately succeed. This idea pervaded the minds of + all with whom he had spoken on the subject. Many leading men in Ohio were + in accord with all that they contemplated with reference to their release + and the future success of the Confederacy. + </p> + <p> + “He also said that the party in Ohio who were in sympathy with the + rebellion were quite outspoken, and were under the lead of a very able and + bold man. The General inquired of whom he had reference, and he said + Valamburg, of Dayburg. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' the General responded, 'I have heard of + him frequently; but is he a military man?' + </p> + <p> + “'No,' replied Ridenbergen; 'but we have them in + the State in many places, from the Confederate army, just waiting the + sound of the bugle. But the fears I have are as to the time. It takes so + long to get everything ready—our people have to move so cautiously.' + </p> + <p> + “'Have you heard that we are organizing for raids from Canada + at some future time?' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh, yes; that is understood. Many of our best and brightest + men are over there, at different points, preparing for it; but that is to + be done only when we must strike in Northern cities for the purpose of + terrifying the Northern property-holders; we must strike then where the + greatest amount of wealth is concentrated.' + </p> + <p> + “The General then said to him: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Ridenbergen, you are a young man. I hope to hear good + things of you in the future,' and bade him good-bye. + </p> + <p> + “The General arrived at Allentown the next day. After the family + greetings, kisses from his wife and little daughter, and a 'How ar' + you, Marsa Tom?' from Ham and a 'Bress de good Laud, heah you + is agin!' from Aunt Martha were over, the General related his trip + to me in minute detail, and told me that matters were much worse than he + had any suspicion of prior to his investigations. In speaking of those he + had seen, and his many talks with members of the Knights of the Golden + Circle, his utter contempt for them, and especially for many leading men + who claimed to be loyal to the Union, but did not like the + unconstitutional manner of prosecuting the war, he remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'There was but one of all of them that I have seen for whom I + have any sympathy or respect, and he is the young Virginian, Mr. + Ridenbergen. I rather liked the frankness of this young man. I am + satisfied that at heart he is not a rebel, but is young, and, after + engaging in the rebellion, will go as far as any one to make it a + successful cause.' + </p> + <p> + “Just then Jackson came from the train and entered the house. + </p> + <p> + “'My! how well you are looking, Gen. Anderson, compared with + your appearance when I left. You must have been to some water-cure or have + used some kind of elixir of life,' was his first greeting. + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir,' replied the General; 'I have been + marching, and it has brought me out wonderfully.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, it has. Well, Jennie, I saw David, Dr. James and Henry. + They are all well and “spilin'” for a fight. David + thinks that his brigade can thrash the whole rebel army.' + </p> + <p> + “Little Jennie rushed to her Uncle Jackson, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Did you see my good papa?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, dear, I saw him, and he sent you a thousand kisses and + asked all about you.' + </p> + <p> + “Turning away, he said, 'Poor David, his heart is broken over + the loss of his little Sarah.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson said, 'Sit down, and tell us all about your + visit. Were you successful?' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh, yes; I am a full-fledged Captain in the 18th U. S. Inf., + and assigned, by order of the Secretary of War, as Aide-de-camp to + Brig.-Gen. Thomas Anderson, the hero.' + </p> + <p> + “'Stop, stop,' said the General; 'you must not + commence that too soon. The taffy part must be left off if you are to be + on my staff.' + </p> + <p> + “'My dear,' said his wife, 'he can say that about + you to me; for it's the truth. Capt. Jackson, I will not get mad at + you for speaking in a complimentary manner about my husband.' + </p> + <p> + “'Hereafter I will repeat all the good things which I may have + to say about him to you; but you will tell him, and then he will get mad + at me.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, he will not be mad; don't you know what peculiar + animals men are?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, yes; they are rather peculiar,' said Jackson. + 'They like compliments when not deserving; but when deserving they + then dislike them. Is that not about the way with most men? I notice women + are somewhat differently constituted? Are they not?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, indeed; they always like compliments. Do they not, my + dear?' addressing her husband. + </p> + <p> + “'I have usually found it so,' replied the General. His + wife ran into the house, and laughingly said: + </p> + <p> + “'Well, I guess Tom has been trying his compliments on some + one else. Has he not, aunty?' addressing Aunt Martha. + </p> + <p> + “'God lub you' sole, chile, dese men, you can't + tell nuffin 'bout dem, sho'; but Massa Tom be all rite, I + 'spect; I knows him; no fear 'bout him; de good Laud spar' + him for good work, sho'.' + </p> + <p> + “I asked the General to write out a full statement of all he had + reported to me. He did so that night, and the following day I mailed it to + the President with a private note accompanying. + </p> + <p> + “During the day Jackson entertained us with his visit to Washington, + to the army, and the pleasant time he passed in camp with his brothers. He + said that there was something wrong in that army; that the machinery did + not seem to work very smoothly, but that never having been a soldier, + perhaps he could not form a correct opinion. The sequel told the tale, + however.” + </p> + <p> + “Well, Uncle Daniel, this Golden Circle discovery was most + extraordinary,” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes. It grew into greater proportions later on, however.” + </p> + <p> + “I feel an interest in knowing what became of that young Virginian + whom Gen. Anderson met at Camp Chase; his name I forget, but have it + written down.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes; you mean Mr. Ridenbergen?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes.” + </p> + <p> + “I have learned that he went through the war on the rebel side + unharmed, after the war married in Pennsylvania, and is now one of the + most prominent men in Virginia. He espoused the advanced policy of the men + who saved the Union, and is now one of the leading opponents of the + unreconstructed in that State.” + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel becoming very weak and exhausted, by an agreement with us, + the continuance of his story was postponed until another time. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0008" id="link2HCH0008"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER VIII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF PAGELAND—A VICTORY TURNED INTO A DEFEAT BY + TREACHERY—DEATH OF GEN. LYON—ON THE TRAIL OF THE KNIGHTS + OF THE GOLDEN CIRCLE. + + “Sorrow breaks seasons, and reposing hours, + Makes the night morning, and the noontide night.” + —Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + “During the two weeks intervening, Dr. Adams was engaged in + carefully writing from his very full shorthand notes the relation of facts + as given by Uncle Daniel. At the appointed time all were again present, + eager for a continuance of this interesting and remarkable history of + events only a short time past, and yet almost forgotten. When all were + seated Uncle Daniel began: + </p> + <p> + “The time between the sending of my report to the President of Gen. + Anderson's trip and his answer, with further instructions, was + considerable. Finally, I received a letter from the Secretary of War, who + seemed very much gratified about the information that had been gathered, + as also at the manner in which it had been obtained. He requested that I + send or go myself to Canada and ascertain such further facts as I could in + reference to the conspiracy and the movements of the conspirators. Gen. + Anderson, my son Jackson, and myself held a consultation as to my going. + They thought the undertaking too hazardous for me to attempt, and finally + Jackson proposed that he would go himself, saying that it would be at + least two months before Gen. Anderson could again take the field for + active operations; in the meantime he (Jackson) could be profitably + employed in this business for the Government. This was agreed upon as the + better course to pursue. Jackson was at once given all the secrets of the + Circle as far as the General knew them. He studied the passwords, signs, + and their instructions until the General pronounced him sufficiently well + informed for a first class conspirator. And as soon as he could get + himself in readiness he started for Montreal, C. E., by way of New York. + During all this time the Circle had been busily at work, and the + excitement was increasing all over the country. + </p> + <p> + “The alarm for fear of the enemy in our rear was producing such a + condition of things as to endanger the safety of the people every where in + the West, and at this time much encouragement was given to our enemies at + home by the many failures of our armies in the East. The army, as before + stated, had been put under a new commander, Gen. Pike, and the displeasure + created among the ranking officers was easily to be seen by their language + and manner towards him. This feeling was constantly fed by disparaging + articles in the opposition press. The enemy in arms could easily see that + this was a golden opportunity, and they availed themselves of it. They + commenced a movement which indicated an advance against our forces. Gen. + Wall, of the rebel army, had by rapid marches put himself between Gen. + Pike and his base. This forced a movement on the part of our troops to the + rear, and necessitated an immediate attack upon Gen. Wall in order to + drive him back from the threatening position he occupied. The troops were + moved rapidly back in the direction of Cow Creek, where it was intended by + Gen. Pike to assault him. + </p> + <p> + “The army was at last all collected in easy supporting distance, and + Pike moved out with Gen. Horn's corps and assaulted Gen. Dawn's + division of Wall's army. The contest was a spirited one, and lasted + until well in the night. Dawn finally retreated. During the night all + arrangements were made for an advance. The next morning the + General-in-chief of the rebel armies was moving by forced marches in order + to join Wall prior to any serious engagement, and Pike was determined to + attack Wall before the main army of the enemy could arrive; but, to his + utter astonishment, his forces under Farlin, ordered to join him from the + base of supplies, were not in motion as yet, as he ascertained; and so + with Fitzgibbon, who had been repeatedly urged to come with all dispatch. + This left Pike in such a condition that he must delay his attack, which + delay might bring great disaster to his army. Pike sent his staff officers + to notify those Generals of his desires and intentions, which was done; + but all manner of excuses were given for the delay. Finally, the next day, + when part of his forces had arrived, Fitzgibbon coming up leisurely with + his corps of magnificent soldiers, he was forced to commence the battle in + the absence of Farlin and his corps. He moved out, putting his cavalry on + the right flank, near Siddon Springs, threatening the left of Wall's + army, who were formed in line of battle at or near a small town called + Pageland. Rackett holding Pike's right, Shunk in the center, and + Brig-Gen. David Lyon on the left of Shunk, his left resting on the edge of + a grove of thick timber. The extreme left of the command was held by Gen. + Fitzgibbon's corps. It was understood that Fitzgibbon would attack + the enemy during the engagement on his right flank, and in that way + measurably destroy him. The troops being thus disposed they were ordered + to advance. The battle soon commenced by slight cavalry skirmishing on our + right. Our cavalry having met the cavalry of the enemy, he, discovering + our movements and positions, moved out to meet us. The firing and cracking + of carbines increased, until finally musketry was distinguishable on the + line fronting our cavalry. They soon asked for support, which was sent, + and the enemy driven back. At this time skirmishing opened in several + places on our infantry line, and continued until our whole line was formed + and advanced. The enemy having advantage in position, did not advance to + meet our forces, but held themselves in readiness to receive any attack + that our troops should make upon them, Wall intending to save his men as + much as possible, and to hold out until the main rebel army should arrive. + Finally an assault was ordered all along the Une, and Wall was driven back + to a deep depression in the ground, behind which, on the rising slope + beyond, he reformed his line. Our forces pressed forward and assailed his + left with great energy. Wall gradually gave way and was being easily + driven back, when all at once a dash was made from the position to which + they had been forced. This onslaught was so vigorous and irresistible that + our forces had to give way and fall back to the main line. Gen. Rackett, + seeing this dash of the enemy, at once said: + </p> + <p> + “'These are fresh troops. They are re-enforcing from some + other part of the line.' + </p> + <p> + “This being communicated to the commanding General, he said they + must have weakened the center. In order to test this he ordered an assault + to be made at once upon their center. In this opinion he was correct. The + assault upon the enemy's center dislodged him and drove him in much + confusion back to another position. Our left then moved forward rapidly + with the same result, and the battle was going well and very + satisfactorily. Our right being then re-enforced, the enemy was driven + from his line at every point. Gen. Pike believing that he had the enemy in + a position where he could easily beat him, if his other forces would come + up promptly, sent to the rear to find Farlin, but he could not be found. + He said to one of his staff officers: + </p> + <p> + “'Does not this look as if I was betrayed?' + </p> + <p> + “The staff officer, now dead, replied: + </p> + <p> + “'General, this is what I have feared for some time. The + movements of the enemy look as though they were only fighting for time. + You see how easily they are forced back—in numbers engaged more than + equal to ours.' + </p> + <p> + “'What of Fitzgibbon on the left? I have not heard a gun in + that direction.' + </p> + <p> + “'Nor will you,' replied the officer. + </p> + <p> + “'But he has orders to attack at once. He must attack very + soon, I am sure. How can he see and hear a battle like this without + engaging?' + </p> + <p> + “The officer made no reply. The General thought he would ascertain, + and ordered his staff officer to proceed to the line of Gen. Lyon, and ask + him to feel out from his left for Fitzgibbon, and to open communication + with him. This order being executed, Gen. Lyon reported that he could not + find any force to his left, but at the same time reported that there was + much noise and dust in his front on the main road, and he feared + re-enforcements for the enemy. + </p> + <p> + “Just then Gen. Mcintosh reported with his command, which had been + marching from Fitzgibbon's rear for some time in order to reach the + battlefield. As soon as he had reported Gen. Pike directed that, as soon + as his command could rest, so as to be in condition to move forward, he + desired him to move up in support of Gen. Lyon; as he feared + re-enforcements were moving to his (Lyon's) front. + </p> + <p> + “Just about this, time Fitzgibbon had discovered much dust rising in + the direction of the south. He called the attention of some of his + officers to it, and proposed a retreat. But his command did not think a + retreat without losing a man or testing the enemy would look quite + soldierly, and the retreat was abandoned for the present; but in a few + moments an immense flock of wild pigeons (having been by some means + disturbed,) came down like a great cloud, and the roaring sound they + produced in their flight so startled Gen. Fitzgibbon that he thought a + large corps of cavalry were charging upon him. Thereupon he immediately + ordered his men under cover and to prepare for retiring, at the same time + announcing that our forces were evidently beaten. Gen. Mcintosh moved + forward and at once engaged the enemy, and the battle became general. + </p> + <p> + “The enemy, then evidently being re-enforced, made several desperate + but unsuccessful assaults upon our center; but soon fresh troops were + thrown in its support, and our lost ground regained. Our right at this + time pressed forward, and at once were hotly engaged. Our artillery now + opened from the different positions occupied by our batteries. The enemy's + batteries promptly replied. Our cav airy were ordered to try and penetrate + to the rear of the enemy. Here was a contest between cavalry. Carbines + cracked and rattled almost like the heavy musketry of infantry. Many a + horse was seen going at full speed over the field riderless. Many a + cavalryman fell. At last a charge with sabers drawn was ordered. The + sight, as described to me, was one of grandeur to behold. On to the charge + they went, each saber flashing in the sunlight. Crash went saber against + saber. Sparks flew as if from heated steel. 'Forward?' was + heard on both sides. Flashes of sparks and ringing sounds from the steel + as saber came against saber. Arms were gashed, hands and faces were cut, + heads were cleft, and sabers pierced the bodies of the troopers on either + side. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0011" id="linkimage-0011"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0135.jpg" alt="Henry Lyon is Captured 135 " /> + </div> + <p> + “Back went the rebel cavalry and on against them our men were + thrown, until infantry came to the enemy's support, accompanied by a + battery of artillery. A deadly fire from both was poured into the ranks of + our horsemen. Our lines staggered, then recovered again, but could not + withstand both the infantry and artillery. They were compelled to fall + back. Many were unhorsed and quite a number captured. Among them was my + son Henry, of the Michigan Cavalry. His horse was killed, and his own back + injured in the fall, so that he could not make good his escape. (He was + sent to the rear. I heard nothing from him for months—only knew that + he was taken prisoner.) But the command again rallied and held their line + on the flank of our infantry. The artillery on the left of our line were + having a regular duel with several batteries of the enemy. Our center was + being sorely pressed again. Column after column assaulted and checked our + advance. Gen. Pike was very anxious about his support, and repeatedly sent + to find Farlin, but the same report was made each time, 'Not in + sight; cannot be found.' At last a report came that Farlin was some + twenty miles away, and moving very leisurely. + </p> + <p> + “'My God!' exclaimed Gen. Pike, 'my army is + sacrificed. These men will not support me. The battle is to be lost, and + perhaps all depends upon the issue here to-day. To win this battle makes + our success sure; to lose it may be the loss of all.' + </p> + <p> + “He called an officer and said, 'Take this written order to + Fitzgibbon. He must attack at once.' + </p> + <p> + “Fitzgibbon was found beneath the shade of a broad oak. He had not + fired a gun; his men were panting for a chance to enter the contest. As + the officer passed along they cried out, 'Why not put us into the + fight?' How is the battle going?' 'Are we driving them?' + 'The rebs are being re-enforced; we can see troops coming down by + Pageland.' (The town was in full view from where they were + impatiently waiting for the command 'Forward!') + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Fitzgibbon paid no attention to the order, except to say, + 'Pike doesn't know what he is doing.' + </p> + <p> + “The officer said, on returning, Fitzgibbon's men were lying + by their arms, (which were stacked,) and could be put into use instantly. + The General could not believe that the attack would not be made by + Fitzgibbon. The battle now was at white heat—infantry, artillery and + cavalry were all engaged. The lines swayed, sometimes the rebels were + gaining slight advantage, and then the forces on our side. Gen. David Lyon's + command was now all engaged. + </p> + <p> + “He drove the enemy through the woods where his left first rested. + He was handling his troops well. The commanding General came along where + he was engaged and complimented him very highly for the manner in which he + was succeeding on his part of the line. He then asked David (Gen. Lyon) if + he could hear any firing on his left. Gen. Lyon answered him in the + negative. + </p> + <p> + “'Is it possible? Are you not mistaken? It seems to me that I + can hear it.9 + </p> + <p> + “'No, Gen. Pike,' said Gen. Lyon; 'you imagine so; + for I assure you I have watched and listened for some movement on my left. + There has been none whatever.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Shunk came up just at that moment and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Gen. Pike, Gen. Rackett is killed.' + </p> + <p> + “'Is that so? He was one of my most faithful Generals.' + </p> + <p> + “He sent an officer back to see that the next officer in rank should + take command at once. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Shunk said to Gen. Pike: + </p> + <p> + “'I fear that re-enforcements for the enemy are coming up. I + have just captured some prisoners, who say they have marched fifteen miles + to-day, and were put into the battle as soon as they arrived. They also + say that the commander of the rebel armies is not more than ten miles away + with at least 20,000 men.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, that may be so; but if Fitzgibbon will attack on the + left, as I have ordered him positively to do, and Gen. Farlin comes up—who + is not farther away than the rebel troops—we will be their equal in + numbers.' + </p> + <p> + “'Do you think Farlin is trying to get here, General?' + </p> + <p> + “'Why, he knows we are engaged. He is an old soldier and ought + to do his duty.' + </p> + <p> + “'True enough; but if he did not know his duty, and was not an + old soldier, he might come sooner than he will, knowing it. I do not like + to say so, General, but I have my suspicions that Farlin and Fitzgibbon do + not wish you to win this battle.' + </p> + <p> + “The conversation was here broken off. The enemy having made a + desperate assault on Shunk's command, he rode quickly away. By this + time the battle was terrific, and the slaughter terrible on both sides. + The field was beginning to look more like a slaughter-pen than anything + else to which it could be compared. Men were being brought to the rear on + stretchers, and also carried by their comrades without stretchers; in + fact, you know it was a very common thing for several men to take hold of + one to help him to the rear when sometimes the soldier had but a scratch.. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Horn, who had been in reserve up to this time, came up with + his command and supported Gen. Mcintosh, who was now hard pressed. When + Gen. Horn entered the field he could be heard far away, having a + stentorian voice. He advanced rapidly and drove the right of Wall back far + from his main line; but here, in close supporting distance, lay Longpath, + with his fresh troops. He waited until Horn's line was clear in + advance of the main line, and at once set upon him with great ferocity, + driving him back on Mcintosh, that portion of our line giving way for the + moment. Gen. Lyon's command was then furiously attacked by fresh + troops. They stood the shock, but had finally to give way. Pike witnessed + this terrible fighting, and said again, 'Can it be possible that + Farlin will not get here in time to save this battle?' He again rode + up to Gen. Lyon and asked if he still heard nothing on his left. The + General answered 'No.' He then directed him to send a courier + through and communicate with Fitzgibbon. By this time the heaviest + fighting was on the right and center, the firing having slackened on the + left. The courier was gone but a short time, when he returned and reported + the enemy marching down a road to our left and forming at right angles + with our line. This was easily understood, and as soon as possible our + left was changed to face the troops so forming on and across our flank. + New troops were thrown in at this point, to enable proper resistance to be + made, their attack on our angle being made as a diversion. + </p> + <p> + “This attack now having been repulsed, the enemy were driven back, + and quite a number of prisoners captured; the soldiers became much elated + and commenced cheering, which was taken up all along the line. On our left + our officers took it that Farlin had arrived, or that Fitzgibbon had sent + word that he was going to attack at once and relieve the situation, the + position of the troops facing our left being such that he could attack + them in the rear. But all were doomed to be disappointed. The rebels + forming on our left were troops just arriving and under the immediate + command of the General-in-chief of the rebel army. They were soon in + position, and their skirmishers moving through the woods in the direction + of our refused left. The situation was critical indeed. The commanding + General ordered all the artillery that could be brought into battery to be + placed in position on this flank. The line then held by Wall on his left + could not be abandoned, nor could he draw from his center, as he was being + pressed all along that part of the line. But on they came through the + woods. None but infantry could get through without great delay. They + opened fire. Our line gave way, and fell back to the support of the + batteries. Finally the batteries all opened, and like the roar of mighty + thunders was the noise. The earth shook as though an earthquake was + disturbing it. Fire was vomited forth as though it were from the mouth of + some burning volcano. Destruction and death were dealt out unsparingly to + the enemy. They started to charge the batteries, and with that hideous + yell that they seemed only to employ or understand, on they came. But + finally, when they could stand against the torrent of shot and shell no + longer, they broke to the rear in great confusion. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Pike saw the success, and exclaimed: 'If my other troops + would only come up, or Gen. Fitzgibbon attack, the day would soon be ours.' + </p> + <p> + “But he was doomed to further disappointment. They did not come up, + neither did they attack. The rebel General soon took in the whole + situation. He put his artillery in battery on a hill to the right of our + refused line, so as to concentrate his fire on the flank of our batteries + and force them to change position. This being done he opened some eighteen + guns. This forced a change in the position of our batteries, and there and + then commenced, one of the most destructive artillery duels that was ever + witnessed. Battery horses were killed on both sides, gunners blown to + pieces by shell, officers and men mangled, Gen. Mosely, on the rebel side, + had his head shot off, and a Colonel and two Captains were blown to pieces + on our side. While this duel was going on the rebel General was reforming + his men for another infantry attack on our left. At this moment Gen. Pike + said to Gen. Lyon: + </p> + <p> + “'General, I hear guns over to our left.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Lyon listened, and answered: + </p> + <p> + “'Well, General, I believe you are correct. I think I heard a + gun.' + </p> + <p> + “Pike then believed that Fitzgibbon had made an attack, and would + compel the enemy to withdraw their forces directly on our left. But he was + mistaken. No attack was made except the one by the rebels. Very soon + afterwards they had completed their line, and, knowing the value of a + flank attack, again assaulted in the same manner as before. They came this + time with more caution than before, but with a stronger force. They opened + fire on both sides about the same time. The battle was now renewed all + along the line—cavalry, infantry and artillery. The Unes wavered + occasionally on both sides. The left of our line gave way at first, but + rallied again. Gen. Lyon rode up and down his line, cheering his men. He + led them again and again against the seeming adamantine wall of rebels, + and finally forced them back slowly, holding all the ground gained. By + this time our center was penetrated and broken. Our troops could not be + rallied for some time. The rebels seeing our confusion took advantage of + it, and with the intrepidity of so many demons made another attack on all + parts of the line and forced our whole line some distance to the rear. It + looked for an hour as though all was lost. At one time our lines seemed to + be melting away and becoming disorganized. They were rallied again, + however, and formed a new line about a mile in the rear of our first. Both + armies were exhausted. Fresh troops then to our aid would have settled the + fortunes of the day in our favor But they did not come. Gen. Pike thought + that whoever made the first attack would be successful, and ordered our + line forward. They moved cautiously, but steadily, attacking and driving + the enemy back. He kept falling back until he occupied his first line and + we ours. Our left, however, was soon struck by a division of fresh troops, + and was driven back some distance through the woods with great loss. My + dear son, Gen. Lyon, here, while rallying his men, was shot through the + heart and instantly killed.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0012" id="linkimage-0012"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0142.jpg" alt="Death of General Lyon 142 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The old man wept bitterly, and many tears rolled down the cheeks of + his listeners. When he could resume he said: + </p> + <p> + “If Fitzgibbon had attacked as was expected, our flank could not + have been turned, and the great slaughter that occurred on this part of + the line would have been avoided. Night here closed the day's + slaughter with our left completely turned and our troops demoralized. They + passed the night on their arms. The next morning at daylight the attack + was resumed by the rebels and our army was beaten. Gens. Stepleton and + Kearnan fell on that day, with many other brave officers and men. No + battle lost during the war fell with more crushing effect upon the loyal + people than did the defeat of the Army of the East at the battle of + Pageland. The battle was lost by the failure of Farlin and Fitzgibbon to + support Gen. Pike. They did just what the President and Secretary of War + feared they would do—that was, fail in supporting Pike, the new + commander. Their idea was to dictate the commander or not fight. One would + think that men who had fed upon the charity of the Government from youth + to middle age would be inspired by a more lofty feeling and sentiment. But + this is a mistake. You cannot infuse patriotism by drilling at a college + or in the field. This comes from the nursery of the mother. Nor can you + put brains, commonsense or courage where God has refused it. The question + with these men was, 'Do you belong to a certain chosen few?' + If so, that was put above every other consideration. A volunteer, no + matter how much he might develop a genius for military affairs, could have + no recognition at their hands. + </p> + <p> + “The fact that Julius Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte were great + generals without military training except in the field proved nothing. If + men like those who first commanded our army in the East, and who formed + the coterie, had lived during the Revolutionary War, Washington and the + best of his generals would not have been permitted to have commanded a + brigade, if these men could have controlled as they did at the outbreak of + the rebellion. The same feeling has grown among our people since the war, + until the brains of a man cuts but little figure in matters connected with + governmental affairs. He must belong to one of two classes: either a snob + or one who has made a fortune. No matter whether he made it selling rotten + blankets to the Government, worthless arms for the soldiers, bad meat, + diseased horses, small mules, rotten and poorly-put-together harness, or + procured his money in some other way—if he has it, the conclusion is + at once that he is a great man and full of wisdom. These things are + unfortunate in a government like ours. But this is the tendency, and has + been for many years. Dash and swell is the motto now; it is growing more + in that direction every day. But I have wandered away from my subject. The + battlefield of Pageland and its surroundings was a sight to behold the day + after our defeat. The private soldiers felt outraged and officers were + discouraged, and many good people despaired of our final success. Even the + President was more despondent than he had ever been, but still had faith + in God and our cause. The losses on both sides were very great. The + country all around was by both sides turned into a great hospital. The + army was almost disorganized; it certainly was most thoroughly + demoralized. Gen. Pike was relieved, and McGregor put in command again. + Fitzgibbon was sent to the rear without a command. Farlin was everywhere + by every friend of his country severely censured. Fitzgibbon was denounced + as a traitor to his superior officer. + </p> + <p> + “The mournful part to myself and family had only in part come upon + us. Dr. James Lyon, having cut one of his hands in making an amputation, + feared bad results from the wound; for that reason he procured a leave of + absence, and accompanied the remains of his brother David home. I will not + attempt to describe to you the depth of grief in our family, from the + oldest to the youngest. It was greater than I now wish to recall, even + though so many years have passed since that melancholy scene. Suffice it + to say that Gen. David Lyon fills the grave of as gallant and noble a + soldier as ever drew a sword. He rests beside his wife and little daughter + Sarah in the cemetery at Allentown.” + </p> + <p> + “The old man, overcome by this recital, could not speak for some + time, but finally continued: + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson was very sad. Dr. James was very restless with his + hand, which had commenced swelling and was becoming extremely painful. My + wife Sarah and Jennie (David's widow) were stricken down with fever, + requiring the constant attendance of Mary Anderson and Aunt Martha for + many days before their recovery was assured. In the meantime Peter + arrived, the wound in his foot having broken out again. When he came to + his mother's bedside she said: + </p> + <p> + “'O! Peter, my son, that horrible dream haunts me still.' + </p> + <p> + “This dream from the first had a very depressing effect upon Peter, + though he pretended to think nothing of it. We now commenced casting about + to see if there was any way to have Henry exchanged. He being merely a + private soldier, this was not so easy of accomplishment, as if he had been + an officer. During the evening, while we were engaged in conversation in + the parlor, Aunt Martha came in and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Uncle Daniel, dar's a young lady on de porch who wants + to see you very bad, she say, on mos' obticlar bizness.' + </p> + <p> + “'Tell her to come in,' was my answer. + </p> + <p> + “In a moment a very modest and rather pretty young lady walked in. + She was evidently greatly embarrassed. I arose, and extending my hand + asked her to be seated. She sat down for a moment, and then hesitatingly + said: + </p> + <p> + “'Your wife is unwell, I understand, Mr. Lyon?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' I replied; 'very unwell. She has had a + great sorrow recently.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sir; so I understand. I very much desired to see her, + but will not annoy her at this time. I had a matter about which I wished + to speak with her. You know, women give their confidence to one another; + but I hope you will allow me to give mine to you, as your wife is sick?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, my good girl; you can say what you wish to me.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Mr. Lyon'—she then hesitated. + </p> + <p> + “'I encouraged her to proceed. + </p> + <p> + “'Well, I am on my way South, and I wish your good offices in + getting through the lines.' + </p> + <p> + “'How can I assist you, my child?' + </p> + <p> + “'I hear, sir, that you are a great friend of the President, + and I thought perhaps you might intercede for me.' + </p> + <p> + “'May I inquire for what purpose you wish to go South? Do your + people live there?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir; I live in Michigan. I was never farther South than + this place, and this is my first visit here. My name is Seraine Whitcomb. + I am going South to see what I can do to have a young man exchanged who is + now a prisoner in the hands of the rebels. + </p> + <p> + “'Is he your brother?' I inquired. + </p> + <p> + “She blushed, and replied: + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir, he is not a relative; but one in whom I am much + interested.' + </p> + <p> + “I saw through the whole matter at once, but did not press the young + lady further. If I had only known whom she meant I would have embraced her + as the greatest little heroine living. She said she only wished a letter + from me to the President; that she would do the rest herself. This letter + I gave her without further questions. She was so modest and yet so brave. + She took the letter, bade me good-by, and left. As she went out she + remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'Do not be surprised if you should receive a letter from me + at some future time.' + </p> + <p> + “After she had gone Peter remarked that perhaps she was sent down + South by the Golden Circle, and I might be bestowing favors on the wrong + person. I said, 'True, but I will take my chances on that girl's + being honest, and, not only honest, but a regular little heroine.' + </p> + <p> + “Here the conversation on this subject came to an end, and we took + up the condition of the army. Peter said the jealousies between officers + in the Army of the East were strange; that there was nothing of this kind + among the Western troops; that all seemed to have the same common purpose, + and that was success; but, said he, it may be partly accounted for in + this, that we are all alike unskilled in the arts of war, and do not know + enough to get up these conspiracies and jealousies. We are all volunteers, + save two or three, and all obey orders, and go into a battle to win, each + one believing he is doing the best fighting. It seems that at the battle + of Pageland the only object of some of the leading commanders was to find + some way to lose the battle and at the same time save their own scalps. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson said: + </p> + <p> + “'Well, I do not know how I may succeed as a commander; but I + will have the courage to relieve any man, and send him to the rear, of + whom I may have the least suspicion, whether it be for cowardice, want of + good intentions toward the Government, good faith toward his superior + officer, or for any other cause that might give uneasiness about his + properly performing his duty.' + </p> + <p> + “'That would seem to me to be the proper course for any + commander of forces,' I replied.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel,” said Dr. Adams, “I am curious to know + what became of those two generals—Farlin and Fitzgibbon.” + </p> + <p> + “Well, sir, the same power that is now rewarding those who struck us + the heaviest blows, both North and South, is paying homage to these men. + They are both held in high esteem by many people, and you would think they + were the only loyal men that were near the battlefield on that day.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush; “to have lost an arm or leg on + the Union side is like the brand of Cain nowadays; but to have been a + rebel or to have belonged to the Golden Circle, or failed in some way by + which the rebels profited or gained advantage, entitles one to a medal or + some high position of honor and emolument.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0009" id="link2HCH0009"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER IX. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF ANTLER'S RUN—SERAINE WHITCOMB LEAVES FOR THE + SOUTH—PLOTTING IN CANADA—DISCOVERY OF A CONSPIRACY AMONG + ARMY OFFICERS. + + “Yesterday was heard, + The roar of war; and sad the sight of maid, + Of mother, widow, sister, daughter, wife, + Stooping and weeping over senseless, cold, + Defaced, and mangled lumps of breathless earth, + Which had been husbands, fathers, brothers, sons, + And lovers, when that morning's sun arose. + —Pollock. +</pre> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson, Peter and myself concluded that we would again visit + the farm. There we found poor old Joseph Dent in utter despair on account + of his 'poor Captain' (as he called David) having been killed. + He talked of him in the most enthusiastic manner, and would then weep, + saying 'the only friend I had is gone, and I will not be satisfied + until I can get even with these rebels.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson said: 'Well, Joseph, what will you do?' + </p> + <p> + “Joseph was silent; as an old soldier he knew how to keep his + thoughts to himself. + </p> + <p> + “'Will you go to the war?' continued the General. + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir; I will stay here and take care of this farm for + Mrs. Lyon and little Jennie. They shall not suffer while I am able to look + after them.' + </p> + <p> + “Old Ham thought he had a point, and said: 'Dat's good; + dat's jes' what I 'tend to do when Massa Tom git killed. + Jes'so.' + </p> + <p> + “'Shut up, Ham. Your Massa Tom, as you call him, is not going + to get killed. There have been enough of the Lyon family killed already,' + said Peter. + </p> + <p> + “'Dat's so, Massa Peter. I not got dat in my kalkerlate, + you see; but I tell you I is monstrous feered 'bout dese matters; + deys is heaps of people gittin' killed, and most of dem is good + peoples, so dey is. Can't tell who nex', massa; can't + tell, sah!' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Joseph, there will be no trouble about your staying. + We want you here on the farm,' I said. 'We are all very much + distressed, but, at the same time, we must look out for our country + somewhat; and our family all being in the army, of course we must expect + some misfortunes. Have you heard any more of the Golden Circle in this + neighborhood?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, Uncle Daniel; they are at work, and since the defeat of + our forces at the battle of Pageland, they are outspoken about what they + intend to do; not only in aid of the rebellion, but they threaten the + Union people here at home—threaten to destroy their property, and + make war in Indiana if it becomes necessary, just as you have heretofore + understood. I am keeping close watch, and they will not be able to do any + very great harm here without my knowing it.' + </p> + <p> + “We cautioned Joseph, and told him to come in to our house + frequently and let us know what was going on. + </p> + <p> + “On returning home we found Aunt Sarah and Jennie much improved, but + Dr. James was suffering very great pain. The swelling was extending up his + arm from his hand. I said to him perhaps we had better have a physician. + 'You are suffering so much that I fear you are not in a condition to + attend to your own case.' He consented, and one was called in. On + examination he pronounced the trouble blood poisoning. James was greatly + alarmed at this. The physician commenced at once with the most radical + treatment. The next morning James seemed much easier, and looked as if he + was coming out of it all right. + </p> + <p> + “The next day, while we were sitting on the porch, the postman + brought me a letter, written in a delicate female hand. I read it and then + called Gen. Anderson and Peter to listen: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + “Washington, D. C. + + “My Dear Mr. Lyon, Allentown, Ind.: + + “Thanks for your very great kindness. I have the President's + pass through onr lines; when you hear from me again, I will + let you know about your son Henry. + + “Very respectfully, + + “SERAINE WHITCOMB.” + </pre> + <p> + “'Well, well,' said Peter; 'that tells a tale. + Now, father, I agree with you. She is a brave girl; there is not more than + one in a thousand like her.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; but what does she mean by saying I will hear from my + son?' + </p> + <p> + “'It will reveal itself,' said Peter. 'She is in + love with Henry, and has gone to look after him.' + </p> + <p> + “'Do you think so?' I inquired. 'Well, I do + sincerely hope so.' + </p> + <p> + “Just then we saw Jackson coming. He came in, and after salutations + and greetings between us, he entered the house to see his mother, the + Doctor, and Jennie. He was much broken down over the death of his brother. + The news of the battle and the list of the dead in the papers having + contained David's name, he hastened home. He had, however, been very + successful in laying the foundation for probing many things which might be + of vast importance in the future. + </p> + <p> + “When he left home he first went to New York and had an interview + with McMasters and B. Wudd, who were the leading spirits in New York, and + one of them the principal man North in starting the organization. From + these men he learned much about what was going on in Canada; the fact that + there was no doubt that quite a number of Southern men were there with a + large amount of money with which to carry out any scheme that might be + agreed upon. These men in New York were in constant communication with + those in Canada; also, with leading men in Richmond. He managed to obtain + a letter of introduction from McMasters to the leading Knights of the + Golden Circle in Canada; this letter introduced him as William Jackson, of + Memphis, Tenn., and was directed to the Hon. Jacob Thomlinson. With this + letter and the information he had now obtained, he made his way home, + feeling that he could not undertake the further prosecution of his mission + without returning and consoling his mother and the family as much as he + possibly could in their distress. Knowing his mother's feeble + condition he feared the consequences of the heavy affliction that had + fallen upon her during the battle of Pageland—with one son a + prisoner and another killed outright. + </p> + <p> + “I wrote the President, and promised that later on I would have the + Canada mystery solved. Our people were in desperate straits. Our army had + been outnumbered and forced back to the position in front of Pageland; + defeated there, and forced to shelter itself in the rear of Cow Creek. It + was now broken and shattered, lying in defenses near the Capital, + discouraged and worn down by fatigue, wounds and disease. The outlook was + anything but bright. Commanders had been changed. Some of our best + fighting generals had lost their lives at Pageland. The country had but + little confidence in the staying or fighting qualities of the commander, + Gen. McGregor, as he had made no success heretofore. The rebel commander, + well understanding the situation, was moving rapidly up and along the + south line of the Grand River, evidently intending an invasion of the + loyal States by penetrating our lines and crossing at or near Brown's + Ferry. Our lines were held at this point by Gen. Milo, having in his + command 10,000 men, who were all surrendered at the demand of Gen. Wall + without very much resistance. Wall had slipped through the mountains like + a cat, and was upon Milo before he knew of his approach. This was very + strange though, and hard to understand, and only increased the fears and + suspicions already existing that something was out of joint, so that the + machinery was working badly in that army. + </p> + <p> + “'The enemy now had no impediment in the way of a rapid + movement except high waters, which seemed to interpose as the only power + that could stop their advance into the interior of our country and to the + rear of our capital, cutting off all communications to the North with the + loyal States. + </p> + <p> + “The administration was now in a position of great danger, in many + respects, not before contemplated. + </p> + <p> + “The rebel sympathizers and Golden Circles were loud in their + denunciation of the war and the party sustaining it. Thos. A. Strider and + Dan Bowen were traversing the state of Indiana, making inflammatory + speeches, and all over the North the same policy was being pursued by the + anti-war party. They alarmed the people by declaring that unless the war + was stopped our homes North would be invaded; that our armies could not + cope with the rebels. The only thing that seemed to put a check to their + hopes, operations and denunciations was the fact that our armies in the + West were having a continuation of victories. + </p> + <p> + “This being the situation of the armies and the condition of the + minds of the people, the loss of another great battle at this time would + have greatly prolonged the war, if it would not have been fatal to the + ultimate success of the Union cause. The authorities at Washington were + doing everything in their power to allay the excitement among the people, + and at the same time were trying to have the Army of the East put in + motion so as to pass down to Pottstown and interpose in front of the + enemy; he evidently intending to move by way of Brown's Ferry, + throwing part of his force on the Brown's Ferry road and a portion + over into the Sheepstown road, making a junction at or near Shapleyville. + The Union forces were expected to move across by Fardenburg, down the + sloping mountains of Cochineal and along and across Mad Valley to + Pottstown, and take position behind Antler's Run. But it seemed to + be almost impossible to get Gen. McGregor to put his army in motion. Many + were the excuses made; want of this thing to-day, and something else + to-morrow—shoes, clothing, blankets, and many other things—protracted + the delay. Finally, the President and Secretary of War being out of + patience with his hesitancy and excuses, the President directed the + Secretary of War to order Gen. McGregor to move without further delay. + This seemed to be understood by McGregor, and the next day everything + about the camps was in a bustle, and the Army of the East was again in + motion; but the movements were slow, and made in such a manner as not to + inspire very great confidence in our immediate success. The men and + subordinate officers seemed resolute and determined, but there was + something surrounding all the movements that was mysterious. + </p> + <p> + “The papers were full of all the movements, and were discussing the + probabilities, etc. Seeing this Gen. Anderson was fired with a desire to + at once return to the front. On account of his very weak and feeble + condition we tried to detain him, but in vain. + </p> + <p> + “He said: 'No, I am going to the front, and I wish to go to + the East. Will you ask by telegraph for such an assignment for me?' + </p> + <p> + “I answered that I would, and did so immediately. + </p> + <p> + “The next day he received a telegram from the Secretary of War, + directing him to report to Gen. McGregor for assignment to duty. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson said to Capt. Jackson: 'Your invasion of Canada + will be postponed until later. You will be ready to start in the morning + with me to the Army of the East.' + </p> + <p> + “He called old Ham, and repeated the order to him to be in + readiness. + </p> + <p> + “Ham said: 'Afore de Lord, Massa Tom, you isn't gwine to + be fitin' agin, is you?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes! You get ready. Have your bedding and all your traps + ready, if you think you can stand to be shot at by the rebels.' + </p> + <p> + “'Shot at! Is you gwine to put me out to be snot at? Me done + thought thar war 'nuff white folks to get shotten at, widout de poor + darkies like me.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; but you want to be free, do you not, Ham?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yeas; Massa Tom, I wants dat—I wants it bad; but how + is gwine to come?' + </p> + <p> + “'Fight for it. You are no better than I am, are you? Had you + not as well be shot as for me to be?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yeas, sir; dat am so. 'Specks de darkies got to fight. + I'll fight, Massa Tom, if you say so. Yes, I do. I stay wid you, I + will sho'.' + </p> + <p> + “Old Martha happened to hear this, and broke forth: + </p> + <p> + “'Well, well, Massa Tom, I's sorry you is gwine to de + wah agin. But it all right. I tells you dat de good Laud save you up for + some good. I jes' know he do it all right. I take care of Missus + Mary and de little gal; don't you hab no fears 'bout dem. But + you isn't gwine to hab Ham go, is you? If you doz, dat ole fool he + git kill. I 'spect he got no mo' sense dan jes' git rite + in whar dey is fitin?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, no, Marfa; you is wrong dar. I tell you dat you is. I + stay by Massa Tom.' + </p> + <p> + “Peter and Jackson laughed, and said to the General: + </p> + <p> + “'Ham thinks you will be in a safe place during the fighting.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, he seems to be of that impression. I think I may, + perhaps, relieve his mind somewhat,' said the General, with a smile. + </p> + <p> + “The General telegraphed Capt. Day at Dolensburg to report at once + to him at Gen. McGregor's Headquarters, Army of the East. The + preliminaries being arranged, all were to be ready early the next morning. + The General and Capt. Jackson having arranged and got ready their proper + uniforms, horses, mess-chest and everything that would be required in the + field, they spent the evening quietly. The Doctor was very sleepless, and + suffered more than usual, but was thought not to be in any immediate + danger. My wife and Jennie were now also quite recovered. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning, the General having procured a car for their + horses, camp equipage, etc., they took leave of the family, who were in + tears, the two little girls, Mary and Jennie, crying aloud. As the + General, Capt. Jackson and Ham walked away, Aunt Martha called after Ham: + </p> + <p> + “'Now, Ham, ef you eber spects to see me agin, don't you + forgit your prares ob a night, and de good Laud will fotch you back ef you + do dat; but He let you git kill like a cat when you done forget it. Do you + mine me, Ham?' + </p> + <p> + “Turning to me, she continued: 'I 'spect de rebs git dat + darky,' then going to the kitchen she gave vent to her grief. The + poor old woman felt as badly to part with her Ham as did Mary in parting + from her General, but gave expression to it in her own simple way. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0013" id="linkimage-0013"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0154.jpg" alt="General Anderson Taking Command 154 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The General, Jackson and Ham arrived safely at the headquarters of + Gen. McGregor, which were in the valley to the north and east of Cochineal + Mountains. His commands of infantry and artillery were variously located + on the mountains and in the valley, with his cavalry at Pottstown. It so + happened that one of the division commanders had been taken seriously ill, + and was sent to the rear. This gave an opportunity for Gen. Anderson to be + placed in command of a good division at once. To Anderson's great + delight Gen. McGregor ordered him to take command of this division. Having + reported, he sent immediately for all the commanding officers of the + division and made their acquaintance. He was greatly pleased with them and + they with him. He learned all he could in so short a time about the + troops, and at once took measures to put them in good condition. In a few + days Capt. James Day reported, and the General's military family was + organized, he having taken an Adjutant-General from the command. + </p> + <p> + “The army was now being rapidly put in good shape; a complete + re-organization was being effected, and all were feeling less discouraged. + They seemed to well understand that there was to be a great battle fought, + and the imperative necessity for a victory by our forces East at this + particular time. + </p> + <p> + “The enemy found means by which to pass the obstructions in his way, + and moved through the country in different directions. Finding that the + movements of our army were slow, he seemed to feel that there was no + immediate danger of a serious engagement. But the surrender of our forces + under Gen. Milo (who died immediately afterwards) so elated the rebel army + that they were determined to attack our forces whenever and wherever + opportunity offered. Both parties were, however, maneuvering for some + advantage; the General of the rebel forces holding McGregor off until his + force under Wall could come up from Brown's Ferry. The cavalry of + both armies were now scouting continuously for many miles on the flanks of + the armies. The pickets were out quite a distance in advance of the + opposing forces. No conflict had yet occurred between any of the outposts. + Finally the commander of the rebel forces selected his position and gave + challenge to our forces, with his rear to the Grand River, covering two + main roads leading to the rear, his front facing the winding course of + Antler's Run, his right resting on a bridge at the main crossing, + his center occupying a ridge commanding the open fields in his front, the + right of his left and right center resting on the junction of the two main + roads, his extreme left refused so as to form an angle at his left center, + extending along and through a skirt of heavy woods; his reserves to the + rear on the roads, so as to be thrown easily to the center or either flank + in case of necessity; the country to his front, right and left being very + uneven, full of gulches and ravines, difficult of passage, especially + under fire. So posted he flaunted the rebel flag in the face of our army, + although at this time his main support had not arrived from Brown's + Ferry. But no doubt existed in his mind, I presume, as to their coming up + in good time. McGregor did not then seem inclined to accept the challenge, + His command was moving slowly. Farlin, still in command of a corps (for + shame be it ever to our indulgent chiefs), was some distance away and did + not arrive on that day. So the armies rested. In the meantime Gen. + Anderson was eager for the fray. He visited Gen. McGregor's + headquarters and indicated his desire to bring on the engagement, saying + very soon the enemy would be so securely posted that it would be + exceedingly difficult to dislodge him. To this McGregor replied that he + could not risk a battle without Farlin's forces being up and in + readiness to support our line. + </p> + <p> + “During the night Farlin came up. A battle must then and there be + fought. The whole country stood with bated breath awaiting the result, as + all understood that the rebels must be driven back on what they claimed as + their own ground, or our country was in imminent danger of becoming + demoralized should they see the battlefields changed to the North. + </p> + <p> + “When the morning came, the commands being in readiness, the + movement of our forces commenced. It was soon discovered that the main + crossing of Antler's Run was held by a strong force of the enemy, + which compelled our troops to seek for some other and less dangerous + passage. This was found to our right, facing the left of the enemy. His + left being refused gave a safer passage over the stream. The plan of + battle was to throw Gen. Horn's Corps at the upper crossing, assail + the rebel left and, if successful, to cross the left of our forces, under + Gen. Broomfield, by assaulting the enemy at the lower crossing, and if he + could be driven from there, to cross and assault his right, his center + being too strongly posted to risk an attack on it then. (Gen. Anderson had + been assigned with his division to Gen. Horn's Corps.) The crossing + over on our right was effected without much difficulty, and the enemy + pressed back in the heavy woods. The enemy were evidently holding and + waiting, as no general engagement ensued. Another corps crossed in the + rear of Gen. Horn's and formed ready to assault. Our left had not as + yet been able to cross in front of the enemy's right, and in this + position we found ourselves,—part of our army on the one side and + part on the other of Antler's Run, in front of the enemy; thus the + two armies rested that night. Our intention being thus revealed to the + enemy, he had only to wait the attack, which they must have concluded + would be commenced at an early hour in the morning. The night was most + beautiful; the vault of heaven being studded with stars, so that either + army was in plain view of the other, at no very great distance separated. + During the night another of our corps crossed the Run at the same crossing + that Gen. Horn had passed over in the morning, and moved down to the left + and in front of the rebel center. Occasionally the movement of this corps + would be responded to with a few musket shots and a few shells from a + battery posted on the ridge in the rebel center. At an early hour in the + morning the Union forces took the initiative and hurled Horn's Corps + against the rebels' extreme left. The struggle was a severe one—re-enforcements + could not well be sent to the rebel left for fear of the movement being + now made against their right. The battle on the left was at full height, + and the lines swayed to and fro. Gen. Anderson made a movement around a + skirt of woods near a chapel, and charged the enemy's lines, with + sword drawn, leading his men in person. The assault was of such an + impetuous character as to send dismay into the ranks of the enemy, and + they gave way in confusion. Gen. Horn, however, advanced his left and + center farther to the front than should have been done without other + troops being in position to sustain the movement, and the rebel center, + with their left reformed behind the woods, fell upon Horn's left and + center with great energy and determination. The two columns now engaged + with dauntless courage on both sides. The combatants, equal in mettle, + faced each other in open field at very close range; each holding his + ground until it appeared as though none would be left alive on either + side. Neither line wavered, and it seemed as though the contest would only + be determined by a complete demolition of the two forces. Gen. Horn fell, + mortally wounded, and the command fell upon Gen. Simmons, who was killed + soon after taking command. At this time the killed and wounded of the + superior officers were such that it left Gen. Anderson the ranking General + of the corps. He at once assumed command, and could everywhere be seen + giving his orders and encouraging his men to stand. This they did until + the slaughter on both sides became a shocking sight to behold. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Hughes and Gen. Baily had fallen on the rebel side. The + batteries from our side were playing from a hill on the east side of + Antler's Run, pouring a galling enfilading fire into the rebel Une. + Thus these lines stood amid death and desolation in their ranks until the + men themselves on both sides, in order to stop the cruel slaughter of + comrades, with one accord ceased firing, and the officers sat on their + horses looking at each other as their forces slowly retired each to his + rear. At this time, if Gen. Far-lin had moved forward the day would have + been won without further slaughter. Gen. Anderson repeatedly sent word to + him that if he would attack the enemy he could be routed, as their left + was almost destroyed; but he did not assault at the opportune moment. + </p> + <p> + “It was then seen that nothing more than skirmishing had been going + on between the forces on the Union left and the rebel right. Gen. + Broomfield had not succeeded in crossing the run, and was held at bay by a + small force, thus enabling the rebel commander, after discovering this + hesitancy on our left, to concentrate on his left and center for the + purpose of renewing the conflict. His re-enforcements had now arrived from + Brown's Ferry, and he was eager to make an assault, being now + satisfied that he should take the aggressive. Our batteries had crossed + the run, and were supported on elevated ground by sufficient infantry, as + we thought, for their safety. The rebel forces moved from their cover + behind the woods, and were advancing to the crest of the ridge that ran + across the open field from north to south, the best position to occupy for + vantage ground. Gen. Anderson seeing this, determined to meet the attack + and contest for this ground. Both forces were now in motion, each + determined the other should not occupy this ridge. Orders were given to + Gen. Broomfleld to cross the run at once and attack the enemy's + right. Gen. Mausker was ordered to move on the left of Gen. Horn's + Corps, now under Gen. Anderson, and attack at once; Farlin being in + reserve, perhaps, because he could not be got anywhere else. + </p> + <p> + “The artillery was all across the run and ready for action. The + cavalry had crossed some miles above and to the north, and were ordered to + charge the enemy in the flank as soon as the engagement should be renewed. + So on came the troops of both armies, and when in close range, the firing + commenced again on our right and the rebel left, it continued all down the + line until all were engaged. The firing was terrible and most destructive. + Our batteries opened, and on in full charge came our cavalry. The rebel + infantry on the left prepared to receive the cavalry, kneeling on one knee + with fixed bayonets. What a charge that was, and what a slaughter! On came + the cavalry; on, on to the bayonet came horse and man. Clash against + bayonet came saber. Many the horse and man went on and over the bayonet in + that charge. Part of the cavalry halted and hesitated, some retiring to + the rear. Many an infantryman that did the same. Infantry and cavalrymen + were piled together in the long slumber of death. At last our cavalry had + to retire. While this tragedy was being enacted, the infantry on the + right, left and centre were also playing the role of death. Column after + column were hurled against each other, only to be repulsed. Our two corps + first drove the enemy back and occupied the ridge, and for awhile held + this advantage, until the whole rebel army, save a skirmish-line, was + withdrawn from the right and center, and concentrated on and against our + right. It looked as though the contest was now to be continued only on + this part of the line. Farlin was now in line on the left of Mausker. Many + of the enemy's troops were thrown in at this point who, not having + been engaged, were comparatively fresh. Their column was formed in two + lines. On and against our lines in quick succession they were thrown. + Another great slaughter then commenced and continued, line facing line in + open field. Gaps were made by falling men. The command on both sides could + be heard, 'Close up!' Never did men stand more courageously + amid slaughter and death. Gen. Anderson rode to the line and along its + full length, sword in hand, with a large white plume in his hat, that his + men might recognize him. Artillery roared and musketry rattled as if they + were the hail and thunder from a hundred clouds. Groans and shrieks were + heard. The ground was strewn with the dead and dying. As the lines finally + gave way, the spot could be designated by rows of the dead. Our line was + now distended and no reserves. The rebels were again re-enforced, Their + dash and desperation broke our center, and Farlin fell back. Gen. Mausker + now fell, shot through the head. His corps became demoralized and fell + back in fragments. Gen. Anderson tried to rally the lines, but could not, + and was compelled to fall back to the rear, where the artillery was + posted. The situation at this time was most critical. The General in + command was desperate. To lose this battle was his disgrace, having more + troops than the enemy, as it would also probably in a measure seal the + fate of his whole army. He at once gave Broomfield an imperative order to + cross the run at the point of the bayonet, and to advance upon and assault + the enemy's position, being his extreme right. This was done in good + style, the enemy driven at the point of the bayonet from the crossing and + from his position on his right. The contest was now changed from the enemy's + left to his right. Troops were thrown in on his right quickly, and the + battle became desperate on this end of the line. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson, discovering this, without orders rallied his men and + all others that he could, and made a furious attack again on the enemy's + left, driving him from the open field into the woods. He then ordered the + artillery to advance to the ridge occupied by our line, and from there + poured shot and shell into their ranks. The enemy became demoralized and + broke in many parts of his line, ours still advancing and Gen. Anderson + moving his artillery to the front as he could get position for it. The + enemy on their left commenced a retreat down the Sheepstown road in great + disorder. The batteries poured their deadly missiles after them, doing + great damage. Gen. Anderson pressed forward, believing that their army + could now in a great measure be destroyed before they could get back to a + strong defensive position for protection. Many prisoners were now being + captured. Gen. Broomfleld was following upon the Brown's Ferry road, + when darkness set in. An order was now received from Gen. McGregor to + desist from any further pursuit for the present. Gen. Anderson put his + troops in position for the night, and ordered up stores and supplies for + their comfort and made all necessary arrangements for an early movement in + pursuit of the enemy the next morning. After attending to these matters he + left Capt. Jackson Lyon and Capt. Bay, both of whom had been by the side + of the General during this terrible battle. The General with an Orderly + retired to the headquarters of the commanding General, which he found in a + small farmhouse some two miles to the east side of Antler's Run. + When he arrived he was welcomed very heartily and highly complimented by + Gen. McGregor. + </p> + <p> + “The General said: + </p> + <p> + “'Anderson, we will not attempt to follow these rebels. Our + army is worn out and so terribly damaged and demoralized that it would not + do to risk another assault, should the enemy make a stand, inasmuch as + they would have an advantageous position, which they certainly will, as + they can select where they will fight if we pursue.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Gen. Anderson; 'but, General, could + we not press them so close and worry them so as to keep them on the run, + and virtually destroy them before they can get back to their own ground? + You know that while our army is terribly mangled, the enemy is certainly + in no better condition.' + </p> + <p> + “'That is true,' said Gen. McGregor; 'but I never + have, nor will I ever fight my army when in bad condition. But we will not + discuss the matter any further now. You will stay and get a bite to eat + and take some rest, but before doing that take a glass of wine.' + </p> + <p> + “'Thanks, General; I think I would enjoy a glass about this + time.' + </p> + <p> + “After taking a glass together they sat down and had quite a + conversation on the events of the day. The house being very comfortably + furnished with beds and cots, Gen. McGregor said to Gen. Anderson, 'Lie + down and rest while the servants are preparing the supper.' + </p> + <p> + “The General did so, and dropped off to sleep. Soon some general + officers came in and were seated at a table, imbibing rather freely. The + noise they were making aroused the General from his slumbers. He + recognized Farlin; to the others he was afterwards introduced, being Gen. + Bowlly Smite and Gen. William Cross. The General did not rise, nor did he, + by any means, exhibit any knowledge of their presence. + </p> + <p> + “In the conversation between these three Generals they were + discussing the probable success of the war and the course of the + Administration. + </p> + <p> + “Farlin said: 'I am very decidedly of the opinion that this + war will last for ten years, and finally the South will gain their + independence. The North will tire out, and the property-holders will get + tired of paying taxes. This war is very expensive, and the debt will + eventually alarm the country, so that they will be ready to accede to + anything.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0014" id="linkimage-0014"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0162.jpg" alt="Anderson Overhears the Conspiracy 162 " /> + </div> + <p> + “Said Smite: 'Well; but what will become of everything? This + Government is not strong enough to stand this strain. It has not power, + except it be usurped, to prosecute the war against these Southern States. + I do not believe in a Republic anyway. We ought to have a government of + central force and power—a military government, or a monarchy, such + as England. Suppose we had such a government as that. We would not be + afflicted every now and then with new commanders that we who make + soldiering our profession know nothing and care nothing about, and cannot + allow to be placed over us when we can avoid it.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well; but,' said Cross, 'what can we do? That is + what we should think about. For instance, here, to-day, we have won a + great battle. It is not likely that either of us will be put in command of + anything higher than a corps. The command of the different armies will be + given to some of those pets who want to free the niggers; and I was told + the other day in Washington by Mr. Thos. A. Strider, who is one of the + ablest men in this country, that this Abolition President was going to try + to set the slaves free and thereby impoverish the South, so as to force + them to lay down their arms. He said that if this was done he would not be + surprised if Indiana would rise up in revolt. + </p> + <p> + “'If that be true, I will leave the army myself, said Smite.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, you are wrong,' said Cross. 'If this is the + intention of the Administration, we ought to organize the army on a better + basis than it now is, have McGregor relieve every one who is not his + friend; and let us urge him to march upon the Capital and there we can + install him Dictator, recognize the South's independence, with the + understanding that they in turn will send their army to the front near to + us, so as to sustain him. We could seize all armories, arsenals and war + materials. The people would then be powerless. England would at once + recognize the South, and if we can maintain ourselves six months, which we + can easily do, the whole of Europe would recognize our government.' + </p> + <p> + “'Just at this moment Gen. McGregor entered the room and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Gentlemen, I hope you have been enjoying yourselves. I have + been out to my Adjutant-General's office, dictating my orders for + to-morrow. I hope you have helped yourselves to my sherry and champagne. I + had quite a good lot of it brought on, not knowing how long this campaign + might last.' + </p> + <p> + “Farlin said: 'General, I would think that the campaign for + the present is almost over; our troops are in no condition for further + offensive operations.' + </p> + <p> + “'Do you think so?' said Gen. McGregor. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; most assuredly.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' added Smite; 'we are in no hurry; this war + cannot be rushed through; and if this Administration is going to do what I + understand it is, there are some of us who will not submit.' + </p> + <p> + “'What is that?' inquired McGregor. + </p> + <p> + “'Free the negroes. We will not stand that. We want you to be + up and dressed. We will put you in place of the Administration, and have + the country governed properly, make peace with the South and stop the war.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. McGregor here put his finger to his lips, indicating silence + on their part; and looking in the direction of the bed on which Gen. + Anderson was resting, all became silent on this subject, and commenced + speaking of the quality of the wine. Very soon supper was announced, and + the messenger was told to call Gen. Anderson. The General, turning over + and groaning as if awakening from a deep sleep, arose, and addressing Gen. + McGregor, said: + </p> + <p> + “'General, I would have slept till morning, without + intermission, had I not been called.' + </p> + <p> + “'He was then introduced to Generals Cross and Smite, and all + repaired to their elegant meal, and there discussed the occurrences of the + day, the merits of the several officers who had fallen, etc. + </p> + <p> + “When supper was over, which continued quite late, Gen. Anderson + repaired to his own headquarters, which had been moved up to and in a + depression or cut near Antler's Run, on the east side. There he + found his Adjutant-General, a few darkies, and old Ham. + </p> + <p> + “'How are you, Ham?' inquired the General. 'Are + you still alive? You did not stay very close to me, to-day, so that you + “might be safer,” did you Ham?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, Massa Tom. When you fust start out, I was gwine long wid + you, but you lef me, and den you said nuffin 'bout me comin' + wid you, and I spose you not kear 'bout habin me bodderin' + you. Dat's all how it war, Massa Tom.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, Ham, I see. Well, it is all right. You stay with the + headquarters and take care of my traps, and I will not ask you to take + command of my troops in time of battle.' + </p> + <p> + “Ham laughed one of his peculiar guffaws. + </p> + <p> + “'Yah! yah! Massa Tom. I speck dat is de bes' way. Doz + you want sumfin to eat? Got plenty of chicken. Dey git skeered at de fitin', + and jes' cum rite to de camp, sah. Yes, sah, dey am 'fraid of + de Sesh, dey is; dey know der friends, dese chickens do.' + </p> + <p> + “The General laughed, saying, 'Ham, are you quite sure they + came into camp alone?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sah, dey got in heah some way. I not fotched dem in. + De fuss I seed dem, dey in de corner ob de tent all scrouched up, so I + spose dey hidin' from de Sesh, and I jes' took 'em in to + sabe dem. Yes, sah; dat's de way it war.' + </p> + <p> + “Ham retired behind a tent, and laughed immoderately, saying 'I + spect he not keer bery much; I feels my way pretty good, I does.' + </p> + <p> + “The troops rested during the night, and next morning there were no + rebels in sight, and they were ordered into camp, and no further pursuit + of the enemy contemplated by the commanding General. They, however, were + soon required in another direction, for the purpose of protecting the + Capital of the Nation. Gen. Anderson's old wound re-opened, which + caused him to turn over his splendid command. At the suggestion of his + surgeon, he with his two Aides-de-camp and old Ham, returned to Allentown + until such time as he could again recover sufficiently to perform his + duty. The President hearing of his skill in maneuvering troops, and his + gallant conduct on the battlefield, at once promoted him to be a + Major-General. + </p> + <p> + “Their return home, of course, made our family very happy again—only + marred by the continued severe illness of Dr. James. He had lingered for + months, sometimes improving, and then again suffering severely. He seemed + to revive and gain strength on the return of his friends. Capt. Day took + up his abode at Young's Hotel, and Capt. Jackson remained at home + with us. Peter returned in a few days, his foot being in a very bad + condition, he fearing that an amputation might become necessary without + great care and immediate rest. Thus our family were once more partly + together, and although some were suffering greatly, we enjoyed the recital + of the battle of Antler's Run, by both Capt. Jackson and the General + The story of his lying on the bed and hearing the suggestions of a + conspiracy by the superior officers of the Army of the East, caused me + serious reflection. The details of this conversation he gave me in + confidence, having never revealed it even to his staff officers. I at once + repaired to the Capital, and saw the President and Secretary of War, and + stated to them the whole of the conversation and the proposed scheme. They + were almost dumbfounded. The President thanked me saying: + </p> + <p> + “'I have now declared the slaves free. We will see what we + will see.' “He then remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'I have my eye on the man the Lord I think is raising up in + order to complete the work we have begun. These men must be held in our + hands until the right time arrives;' which he thought would not be + very long. + </p> + <p> + “The Secretary of War was not so mild. Under a promise that I would + still prosecute my inquiries further into Canada and elsewhere I left for + home. On my arrival I found the Doctor much worse, and the family greatly + distressed. He lingered but a few days and passed away. You can see our + household was again in deep gloom. I will not speak of our grief. We were + a sorely stricken family.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0010" id="link2HCH0010"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER X. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF MURPHY'S HILL.-THE MOST SANGUINARY FIGHTING OF THE + WAR.—-MURDER OF STEPHEN LYON.—UNCLE HAM GETS A STRONG + DISLIKE TO WAR. + + Generals 'gainst Generals grapple gracious God, + How honors Heaven heroic hardihood! + Infuriate, indiscriminate in ill, + Kindred kill kinsmen, kinsmen kindred kill, + Labor laid levels, longest, loftiest lines; + Men march 'mid mounds, 'mid molts, 'mid murderous mines, + —FINLEY +</pre> + <p> + “After the lapse of considerable time Gen. Anderson whether or not + he had recovered sufficiently to again take the field. His staff officers + and his wife were protesting that his strength was not sufficient. + </p> + <p> + “I said: 'Well, we will consider this matter at another time.' + </p> + <p> + “Aunt Martha called us; we all walked in and sat down to tea, Capt. + Day with us, having been with Gen. Anderson almost daily since his return. + While at the table my wife spoke of the absence of Stephen and Peter, + wishing them with us, and again alluded to her dream, saying that she had + dreamed it all over again last night, and that she thought there must be + some kind of a warning to her in it. + </p> + <p> + “Just at this moment I discovered old Ham standing in the corner + very much absorbed in counting his fingers. He seemed to be considerably + bothered, however, in making up the proper count. Aunt Sarah discovered + him, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Ham, what are you doing? + </p> + <p> + “'Ham saw that his manner caused my wife (Aunt Sarah) to be + disturbed, and the old fox (for he was very sly) said: “'es, + missus, I's—I's jes' seein'w many is here, + and how many dey is wid de oder boys what goed away, so dat I know how + many you is when you'uns is all togedder. I tell you, dis am a big + family—dat's all.' + </p> + <p> + “Old Martha, who was attending the table, spoke to Ham in her usual + way, saying: + </p> + <p> + “Ham, you jes' git out, you ole fool; go to de kitchen, whar + you belongs.' + </p> + <p> + “When Ham left we finished our tea, but Aunt Sarah showed plainly + that she was very much troubled. She soon retired for the night, and the + rest of us conversed about the situation and Gen. Anderson's + condition; he claiming that he was strong, the rest of us to the contrary. + We concluded to settle it for the present by visiting the farm the next + morning, which e did, taking Ham with us as driver of our wagon. When we + arrived Joseph Dent invited us all into his house, and while making + inquiries of him as to his health, the condition of his stock, etc., a man + came to the gate and called for him. When he returned he said that this + man was notifying him that he must come to a meeting that night of the + Golden Circle; that the Circle had some very important business on hand. + We encouraged him to go, and to report to us at Allentown the next + morning. Bent consented, saying that the Circle had been exceedingly + active; that an agent had been there from Canada and had required them to + make a selection of agents of their Circle to be ready to do some + particular work, which would be explained at the proper time. He also gave + us the names of two men, one of whom resided in Allentown. This caused us + to think seriously about the danger that we might be in, as men coming + from Canada might discover us in some way and afterwards recognize any of + us who should be in that country prying into their designs. We left for + home, and on the way noticed that Ham was unusually quiet, but watchful. + Finally, he concluded that it was his time to speak, and turn ing to Gen. + Anderson, said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mssa Gen'l, did you see dat man out at de barn, sir?' + </p> + <p> + “'No,' said the General. + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sah! dat was the wussest lookin' Sesh I eber did + see. He war lyin' in de hay, and when he look at me I lef; yes, sah, + I lef. Somefin wrong dar, sah. You better ax Massa Joseph, when he be down + to de house, 'bout dat.' + </p> + <p> + “We satisfied Ham by agreeing to find out on the next day; so we + came home, and were sitting on my portico talking about what was best to + do, when the General received a dispatch from Washington, stating that + Gen. Rosenfelt, commanding the Army of the Center, had asked for Gen. + Anderson to be assigned to him, which would be done whenever he was well + enough to take the field. The General was somewhat disappointed, as he + wished to return to the Army of the East, for reasons that you can + understand from what occurred in his hearing while at Gen. McGregor's + headquarters. He was a true soldier, however, and said not a word, but + promptly telegraphed, thanking them for the assignment, and saying he + would report very soon. He felt that he would be able to attend to duty + without very great danger to himself; so he directed Capt. Jackson, as we + now called him, to get ready, also Capt. Day, who had come in a few + moments after the receipt of the telegram. The young men seemed + particularly well pleased. Capt. Jackson felt that he would be with Peter + and Stephen. Stephen had been promoted and was now a Brigadier-General. So + all seemed pleased, though I knew how Gen. Anderson felt. + </p> + <p> + “The General sent a telegram to Gen. Rosenfelt, who was then + encamped between Nashua and Stone Run, Tenn., informing him that he would + start for his headquarters in about two days. He did not get away, + however, as soon as he stated. + </p> + <p> + “The next day Joseph Dent came, and was greatly delighted at + something. So we gave him a seat and cleared the decks, as you must know + that these secret matters about how information was obtained of which we + were coming in possession, other than in the ordinary course of things, + was not told to the whole household. Before proceeding, however, we asked + him to tell us who was in the barn at the farm the day before, that had so + alarmed Ham. He laughed and said it was his partner; so we dropped further + inquiry, but did not tell Ham. + </p> + <p> + “Joseph Dent said he attended the Circle the night before, as he had + promised, and that they were in great trouble. They had been advised that + the agents would not be needed for the present; that some scheme that was + on foot had been postponed, and that a consultation was to be held in + order to come to an understanding as to what course was to be pursued. He + said a man who was a stranger to him stated that two of their principal + men who were to carry out the scheme (whatever it might be) had been sent + to Europe, and that this left them in a condition so that they could not + proceed until they could work up their plan; that their plan or scheme was + being matured by the men, who were to obtain their material in England; + that it could not be done here without suspicion being aroused. This, he + said, was all that was said or done. So you see, this meeting evidently + had reference to some desperate undertaking, of which their leaders in + Indiana seemed to be posted as to the fact that something was to be done, + without knowing the details. This proved to us that they had communication + one lodge with another all over the country, and also with the heads of + the conspiracy, and therefore we would have to take every precaution in + all of our movements; but as we acted only through persons that we could + trust with our lives, we considered the matter comparatively safe, and + were very sure that we would be able to post the President at all times as + to what might be danger in the way of our success. + </p> + <p> + “The next day, when the family were informed that the General, Capt. + Jackson and Capt. Day must leave us, our house again became a scene of + distress. My wife cried all day long. Mary Anderson was nearer breaking + down than I had ever seen her since we heard that the General (then a + Colonel) was killed at Dolensburg. Jennie also nearly gave way. The two + children begged them most piteously not to go away to fight (as they + termed it) any more. + </p> + <p> + “Ham seemed rather serious, and did not relish the renewal of his + acquaintance with the Sesh, The next morning, all matters being arranged, + the General and his two aides, with old Ham, after taking leave of all the + family, left. The scene that followed in my household I will not attempt + to describe. Ham lingered a little behind, but finally he embraced Aunt + Martha, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Good-by, Marfa; I guess I'se a gone darky dis time. I + tell you I do not like de dream what I had.' + </p> + <p> + “'Go long, you ole fool; dreams 'mount to nuffin. You + eats too much cabbage las' night. Dats all what ails you. Dar's + no danger you git kill. You jes' go long wid Massa Tom. Dat's + what you do.' “'All right, Marfa, I do it. Good-by.' + </p> + <p> + “They arrived at Gen. Rosenfelt's headquarters (which were + with his army) and reported. Gen. Rosenfelt was very glad to see the + General, and told him that he would assign him to the command of a + first-class division under Gen. Papson, his army then being divided into + three full corps, commanded respectively by Papson, Gen. Critsinger and + Gen. McCabe. His army numbered, embracing all arms of the service, some + 56,000 effective men, and was well supplied with all necessary material + for any kind of movement. + </p> + <p> + “On the next morning Gen. Anderson was assigned to the command of + such a division as mentioned. He was well pleased with his corps + commander, who was a fine-looking man of middle age, very quiet and + unostentatious. The whole army seemed to be in splendid condition for a + campaign. On looking through his division that day he found Stephen Lyon + in command of his Third brigade, and Peter in command of one of Stephen's + regiments. This delighted the General, and he quickly said to Capt. + Jackson: + </p> + <p> + “'Gen. Rosenfelt and Gen. Papson both being old friends of + Uncle Daniel, I suspect one of his letters might be found amongst the + papers of both Rosenfelt and Papson.' “'Capt. Jackson + laughed and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Well, father has nothing else to do except to keep the + President posted and look after his children, which he faithfully does.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Gen. Anderson; 'he does his duty in + all respects.' + </p> + <p> + “That afternoon Gen. Stephen Lyon and Col. Peter Lyon (being their + respective rank at that time) visited Gen. Anderson's headquarters, + and of course enjoyed themselves, each thanking the good fortune that had + brought them together. They discussed the situation, and Stephen was + decidedly of the opinion that unless we advanced at once and gave battle + that the enemy would do so, and the position we occupied not being a + favorable one for defense, he thought we could force a battle where our + position would be better. + </p> + <p> + “The enemy at this time were also in good condition, and were + commanded by Gen. Biggs, with three full corps, commanded respectively by + Gen. Polkhorn, Gen. Chatham and Gen. Harding. Biggs's command was + disposed as follows: Polkhorn's corps and three brigades of Harding's + were at Murphy's Hill; the remainder of Harding's corps to the + southwest some twenty miles, forming the left flank; the remainder of + Biggs's army lay some twenty miles to the south and east; on and in + advance of his extreme left was one division on the Nashua and Franktown + road. In this position lay the rebel army, in easy supporting distance to + the center and main line, it having been selected by Biggs as a good + position on which to make his stand against.our forces, his outposts being + ordered to fall back should our forces advance. The position was a good + one, as it forced our army to cross Stone Run in his front in any + direction that our troops might approach him. + </p> + <p> + “During the evening a lady came to our picket line and asked to be + taken to Gen. Rosenfelt's headquarters. This was done. When she + appeared, Gen. Rosenfelt recognized her as Mrs. Lotty Houghton, who had + been employed, it seems, by Jardine, Marshall & Co., northern + manufacturers of cotton goods, to purchase cotton and get it through our + lines. They had a permit to do so from the Treasury Department of the + United States, and it seems she was quite successful as one of the agents. + The enemy were eager to sell their cotton and our people anxious to get + it. She went to and fro with passes from both sides, neither believing she + could give any information that would be of importance to either side. + She, however, was an exceedingly bright woman, who noted in her mind + everything she saw or heard. She was as true and as loyal to the Union as + any commander we had. She asked the General for a private interview, and + gave him the position of the enemy, as I have before stated. This was the + only certain information he had up to this time as to their exact + position. She also told him that the reason she came to him now was that + all the enemy's main force of cavalry were gone. That of Morganson + and Forester were far away on raids, and would not be able to return in + time to aid in a battle, should Gen. Rosenfelt feel like assuming the + offensive. She proposed to him that she would go to Nashua and from thence + down the Franktown road, pass through the lines of the enemy, and come in + their rear to Murphy's Hill, where she was well known; remain there + quietly with a lady friend, and when she discovered anything that she + considered absolutely important, she would get through the lines some way + and come to him with the information. He was delighted at this proposition + and said to her: + </p> + <p> + “'You shall be well rewarded for this.' + </p> + <p> + “She said, in reply: + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir; you mistake me. I am no spy! I give this + information because it comes to my knowledge without my seeking it, and + not in any confidence. I do this for the good of my country, and not for + reward.' + </p> + <p> + “The General bowed and applauded her devotion to her government. She + then bade him good-by and left for Nashua, refusing an escort. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Rosenfelt sent for his corps commanders that evening, and + explained the situation as he understood it. After examining the map and + showing his officers the manner he desired an assault to be made, should + he determine to attack, all agreed that there was no cause for delay. + </p> + <p> + “The troops were in fine condition and 'eager for the fray.' + The General commanding told them to be ready to move at 'o'clock + in the morning. He would send them written instructions in the meantime. + So he prepared his orders and sent them out. First, his headquarters would + be with those of Gen. Papson's corps; that the army would march by + three different roads, leading from Nashua in a southerly direction. Gen. + McCabe, with his command, would march on the Franktown road; Gen. Papson, + with his command, being the center, on the Nolton and Shell-town Road; + Critsinger on the Murphy's Hill road. McCabe was to assail Harding's + forces on his road; but if Harding should fall back on the main rebel + line, in that event McCabe and Papson were both to bear to the left, so as + to present an unbroken front or line at or near Stone Run, opposite Murphy's + Hill. The movement commenced the next morning, but not so early as + directed. During the march McCabe ran against Harding's pickets, + when a skirmish began. The rebel forces fell back on their main line. Gen. + McCabe was delayed for some reason and did not reach Harding's main + position that day, but on the next. And when he did arrive, Harding had + left and was far away on his road to join Bigg's main force. The + rain was now falling in torrents, and Papson and Critsinger were troubled + to get their trains through the mud over very poor roads. When Gen. + Rosenfelt's forces were finally concentrated he was compelled to + rest one day, he thought, in order not to engage the enemy with his army + in a tired and worn-out condition. + </p> + <p> + “The enemy had to march about the same distance, however, in order + to make their concentration of forces. The ground over which the battle + must be fought lies between Stone Run and Overman's Creek; it is + slightly rolling ground, with sticky, clayish soil, in which the roads are + tortuous and easily worked up by teams so as to become almost impassable. + There were clearings on this ground, but they alternated with a chaparral + that was almost impenetrable. There are three roads through this valley, + between the two streams, which converge on Murphy's Hill. + </p> + <p> + “Rosenfelt, after resting, formed his line with McCabe on the right, + Papson in the center, and Critsinger on the left, leaving Stone Run + between the enemy and himself. One or the other must cross this stream + sometime and somewhere during the engagement, in order to attack his + opponent. There is much in the first assault if made with decision. In the + evening, just before dark, one of McCabe's brigades struck one of + Wittington's (rebel) brigades. The contest was a severe one, in + which our forces were damaged very much. This ought to have proven that + the enemy were intending to cross the run and strike our right flank. But + it did not seem to disturb our commander in the least. That night + Rosenfelt laid before his corps commanders his plan of attack, which was + to throw his left across the run and attack and drive the rebel forces + from Murphy's Hill, and get between the hill and the enemy, and use + the high ground for artillery on the line and flank of the enemy; at the + same time strike him in the center with Papson, leaving McCabe to merely + hold his line to resist and not to attack. + </p> + <p> + “This being understood, all were to be ready the next morning to + carry out the plan of the battle laid down by the General commanding. + During the day Mrs. Lotty Houghton heard directly from one of the rebel + officers that they were to move that night all their available forces to + our right and attack us on our flank in the morning. So she concluded to + leave that day, in order to be out of the way of the battle, and started + south. After traveling several miles outside of the enemy's lines, + she cut across to the west and took the road leading from Nashua to + Pulaston. Traveling on that for some distance she struck across to the + road from Nashua to Murphy's Hill, following that until she came to + our pickets, and there asked to be shown to Army headquarters. She got in + very late, and the Sergeant made a mistake and took her to Gen. Papson. He + did not know her and was rather suspicious. She told him of the movement + of the enemy. He took her into his headquarters and sent out to find Gen. + Rosenfelt. But he could not be found. He was out somewhere looking after + his lines. This caused delay. He was not found until morning, and then not + until after the movement had commenced on his left. Critsinger was + crossing the run in front of Murphy's Hill. When Gen. Rosenfelt was + informed that Mrs. Houghton was in our lines, and of her statement made + about the enemy, he said: + </p> + <p> + “'It cannot be so. Biggs cannot suspect our movement. But even + so, I will crush his right, which he has left exposed, and carry out my + plan before he can do anything.' Gen. Rosenfelt superintended the + crossing of the run in person. He saw the moment approaching when he could + throw himself with a vastly superior force upon the isolated division that + Gen. Biggs had left at the hill—the rest of Biggs's command + having crossed the run to his left. At this juncture skirmish firing was + heard, and in a very short time sharp musketry burst forth on our extreme + right. + </p> + <p> + “At once Rosenfelt questioned in his mind, could Biggs have guessed + the movement by which he was menaced? Was he endeavoring to forestall it, + or was this one of those encounters between pickets? Or had Mrs. Houghton + brought to him the correct information? He at once sent to have her + brought to him. But she had left for Nashua on the turnpike road, so as to + be out of the way, as well as out of danger. Very soon the facts were + revealed to him, when too late, however, to retrace his steps. There was + nothing left but to attack the isolated force at once, as McCabe had + stated that he could hold his position against any force that might attack + him. The battle had commenced on his right, and the rebels were pressing + forward and gaining very great advantage. Our forces were taken completely + by surprise on our right—the soldiers were in their tents, the + officers scattered; the Chief of Artillery was at the headquarters of Gen. + McCabe; the artillery horses had been taken to water, and in the great + haste to get under arms each regiment formed in front of their tents. On + came the rebel division, pouring a terrific fire into our ranks, advancing + at every discharge, and loading as they came. Our artillery was mixed up + and the portion of it that could be got into position was operated in + vain. The two forces came together and fought hand to hand amid a musketry + fire that struck friend and foe alike. Gen. John's brigade held + their ground manfully, but could not long withstand the impetuosity of the + attack and the superiority of numbers. Their line broke in several places, + and the batteries, deprived of horses, fell into the hands of the enemy. + Gen. Willis's brigade was totally routed and he made a prisoner. + Kirkham's brigade was broken to pieces and routed. The first assault + did not last long, but was extremely damaging to our forces. Thus + attacked, our lines were falling back in the direction of Overman's + Creek, when Lawting's rebel cavalry fell upon their flank, capturing + many prisoners, guns, and much camp equipage. Polkhorn now assaulted Gen. + Davies' division with two fresh divisions. Davies repulsed the first + assault, but was struck in flank by Clayber, which forced him back. Potter's + brigade was by Clayber entirely dispersed. By this time our right flank + had been broken and driven back on Hospital Hill, and finally from there. + </p> + <p> + “The rebel cavalry then came charging down, capturing many + prisoners. Our wagon trains, ammunition and rations were only saved by the + action of one regiment of our cavalry charging the rebel flank and forcing + them back. News reached Rosenfelt that his right was completely routed. He + at once countermanded his order to attack with his left, and moved to the + right in order to save a great disaster and perhaps his army. + </p> + <p> + “In the meantime Biggs was preparing to attack the center, and on + came one of his divisions in double column and struck the troops of a + general who was in waiting to receive them (Gen. Sherlin). The attack was + quick and terrible, but they were rolled back, attacked in turn, and the + rebel loss in one brigade was one-third of its force. Gen. Sull, one of + our brave officers, here lost his life while leading a charge. Rosenfelt + and Gen. Papson now commenced forming a new line, which had to be done + under a heavy fire, as the battle had extended down to and on the center. + Sherlin had fallen back to form on the new line. Rosen felt had become + excited, and was riding over the field with his hat off, ordering + everything he came to—batteries, regiments and companies. Papson, + who was always cool and calm in battle as on dress parade, had his corps + well in hand, and ordered Gen. Anderson, who was on his right and + adjoining Sherlin, to receive the enemy and give him the bayonet. There + had been a cessation of fighting for an hour, and the broken troops had + commenced to re-organize and get into line. Biggs, seeing that + postponement would not do, ordered up the division from Murphy's + Hill, and again the battle commenced with renewed vigor. Sherlin was + assailed first by Polkhorn. Gen. Anderson now seeing his chance, moved + quickly to Sherlin's support, and with a dash struck one of Polkhorn's + divisions in flank, and almost annihilated it. One of his brigades, + Stephen Lyon commanding, was ordered to charge against another division. + This was handsomely done, and the rebels fell back rapidly. At this time + Biggs came into the fray, and led back his broken brigades in person, but + they fared the same as before. In this assault Sherlin lost his other two + brigade commanders, and had his troops somewhat demoralized for a time; + but they soon recovered and the attacking commenced on our side. Our lines + were moved forward and the battle was furious; first an advantage was + gained on the one side and then on the other. At last our men became + encouraged and were fighting with a firm conviction that we were gaining + ground and driving the enemy back. During an hour of hard stand-up + hand-to-hand fighting, officers and men fell like the leaves of Autumn + after a bitter frost. Night then closed in, leaving the two armies facing + each other. + </p> + <p> + “A profound silence prevailed during the night, interrupted only by + the groans and the shrieks of the wounded and dying, after a constant + strife, which had lasted for ten hours. No more sanguinary struggle for + the length of time was ever witnessed. During this day there was not a + single regiment of our troops that had not been more or less engaged. The + enemy's cavalry had crossed the run below our army and captured and + destroyed a great quantity of our provisions, ammunition, etc. That night + no rations were distributed. The poor boys gathered around the campfires + and anxiously inquired about missing comrades, and what of the day + to-morrow. Many of the soldiers thought our army surrounded. Three of our + Generals had fallen during the day, and many thousand poor soldiers were + killed, wounded and captured. + </p> + <p> + “That night Gens. Anderson and Sherlin met for the first time, and + in talking over the morrow both agreed that they would die on that ground + or win the battle, and they infused this same determination into all they + met. + </p> + <p> + “Biggs thought that Rosenfelt would retreat during the night. He + could not believe that he would undertake to maintain himself in the + position in which he bad been forced. He thought that he had only to wait + until morning to gather the fruits of a great victory. He was mistaken. + The next morning he found the Union forces in a compact line skirting the + timber, with hastily thrown-up earthworks. If Rosenfelt had made his + movement, on the information given by Mrs. Houghton, earlier in the day, + instead of the afternoon, he would, perhaps, have met with no disaster. + But the next day, when he found that Biggs did not attack, he determined + to do so. He made the same movement that he began the day before, and was + driven back in his first attempt to take the hill. He then began a general + assault, and retook all the positions lost the day before. The loss of the + enemy was very heavy, and the victory of the second day was complete. Gen. + Anderson moved out with his division by the side of Sherlin, and the two + seemed to vie with each other as to which could face the greatest danger. + The rebels lost two Generals, killed that day. In the two days' + fighting the losses on both sides were most serious. In the evening, after + the battle was concluded, as General Anderson was riding over the field + near Hospital Hill, he discovered a rebel officer leaning against the root + of a tree. There were two rebel soldiers with him. He was very pale, and + not able to speak in louder tones than a whisper. The General dismounted, + giving his reins to his orderly. Approaching the group, the two soldiers + arose and said: + </p> + <p> + “'General, we surrender.' + </p> + <p> + “The General replied: + </p> + <p> + “'That is not my purpose. I do not come to make prisoners, but + to know if I can be of any service to this wounded officer.' + </p> + <p> + “As the General spoke, the wounded officer said, in a whisper: + </p> + <p> + “'Tom, is that you?” + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the General, reaching out his hand to Capt. + Whitthorne, in whom he recognized his wife's cousin. + </p> + <p> + “Capt. Whitthorne took his hand and said: + </p> + <p> + “'I am dying. I want you to tell cousin Mary that I have never + forgotten her; I love her, and wish I could see her now. We will not speak + of our differences now; the approach of death softens our hearts. You are + a brave man, Tom. I am proud of you, even as an enemy. When I die, as I + will in a few minutes—I can only last a little while—will you + bury me just where I fell? There is the spot,' looking over his left + shoulder and asking one of the men to mark it. + </p> + <p> + “This exertion caused the blood to flow profusely, as he had been + shot through the lungs. + </p> + <p> + “In a few minutes he breathed his last. Gen. Anderson had him + properly interred at the place where he requested, and marked it with a + headstone with his name upon it. He wrote to his wife the facts as I have + given them to you. Gen. Anderson never alluded to him afterwards except in + the most respectful terms. When Mary, the General's wife, received a + letter giving an account of her cousin's death, she wept, but said + nothing. + </p> + <p> + “But to return to the results of the battle: Biggs retreated and + left the field to Rosenfelt, who concluded to go into winter quarters + instead of making pursuit. He said it was necessary that his army should + recuperate. Wishing, however, to cover Nashua, he sent a command out to + the west from Murphy's Hill, on the road to Frank-town. It fell upon + Stephen Lyon's brigade to go. He was quite unwell, but would by this + station have an independent command—his brigade and two regiments of + cavalry and two batteries of artillery—consequently he was gratified + by the order. In marching the command moved slowly, there not being an + urgent necessity for their presence at Franktown. On the second day's + march they halted and had a luncheon at a spring by the roadside. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Stephen Lyon was lying on a mattress in an ambulance. When the + command had rested he sent them forward, remaining at the spring himself, + saying to his officers that he would come on after resting, as he could + soon overtake them. H e kept with him only one officer (Lieut. Curtis), + two orderlies and the driver, not dreaming of an enemy being in that part + of the country, as Biggs's army was many miles south of Stone Run, + or rather to the southeast at Tullahoming. + </p> + <p> + “Col. Joseph Whitthorne (then Brigadier-General), with a detachment + of cavalry, came dashing up. He captured Lieut. Curtis and the two + orderlies and driver, and then asked who the officer was that was lying in + the ambulance. On being told that it was Gen. Stephen Lyon, he replied: + </p> + <p> + “'I have sworn to kill him if I ever met him, for sending a + spy into my camp.' + </p> + <p> + “Stephen was unarmed, and protested that he knew nothing about the + charges alleged against him. But it did no good. Whitthorne ordered his + men to shoot him, and it was done and my poor boy was in this cold-blooded + way murdered by this gang of bushwhackers. My other sons had his body + taken back to Murphy's Hill and buried. I never knew who murdered + him until the war was over.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0015" id="linkimage-0015"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0182.jpg" alt="The Murder of Steven Lyon 182 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The old man again broke down and for a time was unable to proceed, + but at last said: + </p> + <p> + “You can see how the fates were against my family. When the news was + received at home my poor wife could not rally under these successive + blows, and she lay sick for months. I thought she would soon follow the + poor boys. When she did recover it was only partially. She was never well + afterwards. + </p> + <p> + “After the battle, Gen. Anderson thought he would look up his + military family, as his headquarters had been sent to the rear during the + conflict. Capt. Day and Capt. Jackson were near him all the time, and were + no better posted than the General as to where the headquarters were. + Finally they were found some three miles to the rear. The orderlies, + driver, cook, etc., were found established at the headquarters; but old + Ham, poor old man, was nowhere to be found. A general search was at once + instituted, and finally he jumped up like a rabbit from some thick + underbrush. When he came out he looked all around, and at last realizing + who the parties were that had discovered him he threw up his hands and + exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + “'Bress the good Laud, and you'uns are not all killed. + Afo' de Laud I never 'spected to see any you good people agin. + And heah is Massa Gen'l Tom, and Massa Jackson and Massa Capt. Day. + Well! well! if dis isn't a sprize to ole Ham.' + </p> + <p> + “The General said: + </p> + <p> + “'Ham, how did you get here? What made you run away? I thought + you were going to stay with us.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sah, I thought so, too; but, sah, de shell, de guns and + de bums dey all come rite down over whar I was, and I not know how to + fight. One ob de mans git me a gun and fix it up, and I git behind a tree + and poke it out and pull de trigger, and bress de Laud it shoot de wrong + way and I fine myself knocked ober away off from de tree. Den I said dis + is no place for dis darkey, and I gits; dats what I does, and I corned + along pretty fas' and I got wid de wagons, and pretty soon de + hossmen ob de Sesh—I b'leves dey calls 'em cabalry—dey + come on de run and burned up de wagons and slashed 'bout and cussed + about de Yanks and swared about de niggers and skeered me out ob my breff. + Den I gits in de woods and creeps under de brush and dar I stay, and sho' + you born I thought ebery one was killed, I wouldn't never come out + if you hadn't found me, sho'. I done thought I neber see Marfa + no more. O, bress de Laud, I's hungry doe.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, come along, Ham; I guess I will have to send you home; + you seem not to take to war.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sah! Massa Gen'l, 'spect it be de bes'; + for afore de Laud I feels curous when you is fitin'. Somehow I doesn't + jes' feel rite all de time dey is shootin'. It seems dey would + kill a darky jes'as quick as dey do a white man.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the General; 'why not?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sah, I doesn't know why; it 'pears like + dey wouldn't kill the darkies when we work for dem so long. But de + Sesh dey is quar folks dey is; dey fight doe, don' dey, Massa Tom?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; they fight like other people.' + </p> + <p> + “By this time they were at headquarters, and Ham got hold of his + namesake and devoured it as a wild beast would have done. Ham was very + serious and finally said: + </p> + <p> + “'Massa Tom, I guess dey not fight any mo' berry soon, + does dey?' + </p> + <p> + “The General replied that he did not know. + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said Ham, 'I guess I stay wid you a while + longer. You won't write home 'bout me gittin' in de + bush, will you'uns?' + </p> + <p> + “'No; if you wish us not to do so.' + </p> + <p> + “'O, for de Laud's sake! Marfa she d neber lib wid dis + darky no mo' if she know what I do. You won't tell her, Massa + Tom, will you?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, Ham; I will keep it a secret from her.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, den, I will try him once mo'. I 'spects I + stay here nex' time. I knows I do. O, I knows de nex' time, + sho.' + </p> + <p> + “All right, Ham; you get around now and get our things together, and + look after my “traps.”' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, massa, yes.' + </p> + <p> + “Ham's conduct and explanations afforded great amusement for + the boys around headquarters for some time. + </p> + <p> + “Capt. Zeke Inglesby said: + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, I did not know before that Gen. Stephen Lyon, who was + murdered at Bethesda Springs, was your son. I know all about his murder. I + belonged to his brigade. That dastardly murder was considered by all + soldiers as one of the most outrageous acts and cold-blooded murders ever + known in civilized warfare.” + </p> + <p> + “Oh, yes. I grieved over his death very greatly, he being the second + one of our dear boys murdered outright—the fourth dead since the war + began. It chilled the blood of our whole family. The strangest thing to me + was how Gen. Anderson, Capt. Jackson and Col. Peter could restrain + themselves so as not to mention the name of his murderer, in all their + conversations about his death; but, as I said, I never knew who did it + until after the war. I could easily understand the reason for their not + telling the name. Mary Anderson, being his sister, was never told the + facts; nor my wife nor any of us at the time, the boys fearing that it + might cause an unpleasant feeling even to know the fact that a near + relative of one of our family could be such a barbarian. + </p> + <p> + “I was kept quite close at home for some months with our family, + being their only protection within call. During this time no man ever + suffered more in spirit. I can see it all before me now: my poor wife's + agony, the sorrowing of David's widow, Mary Anderson's + trouble, the two poor little children—their questions about their + Uncle Stephen, who killed him, and why? These questions I could not + answer.” + </p> + <p> + At this point Dr. Adams inquired if Gen. Rosenfelt ever expressed any + regret at not listening to the information imparted to him on the morning + of the battle. + </p> + <p> + “No, sir; I did not so understand.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, did you know anything of Mrs. Houghton after this?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes; she continued to do good service for our cause, as you will + learn hereafter.” + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel here called in Mrs. Wilson. She was a bright and beautiful + woman. He took her in his arms and said to us: + </p> + <p> + “This dear child and one boy, the son of another of my boys, are all + of whom I can now boast.” + </p> + <p> + His speech at this point was so pathetic and saddening, that the whole + party were unconsciously moved to tears. His voice trembled, and he slowly + walked out of the room, overwhelmed by the sad memories he had awakened. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0011" id="link2HCH0011"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XI. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + THE COURT-MARTIAL.—AT MURPHY'S HILL.—THE TWO OPPOSING + ARMIES AND THEIR MOVEMENTS.—JAMES WHITCOMB'S TRIAL.— + SENTENCED TO DEATH AND PARDONED BY THE PRESIDENT. + + “But mercy is above this sceptered sway, + It is enthroned in the heart of kings, + It is an attribute to God himself; + And earthly power doth then show likest God's, + When mercy seasons Justice.” + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + “Gen. Biggs having taken up his position in the angle of the + headwaters of Goose River and Cane's Fork, near Tullahoming, in the + midst of a rich valley, Rosenfelt at once commenced repairing the + railroads and throwing up earthworks near Murphy's Hill, which + almost encircled the entire place. There he remained during the winter and + following spring. The two armies were principally engaged in watching each + other, neither being willing to risk an advance against the other. For + several months this situation continued. The only operations that marked + this long period of inaction on the part of the two armies were a series + of small exploits which were calculated to cause the two armies to + degenerate into small bands, that could only be employed in harassing + their enemies. The rebels got ready, however, and made the first attempt. + Gen. Weller, with a brigade of cavalry, pushed his way up within a few + miles of Nashua, burned a railroad bridge, then descended on the right + bank of the Le-Harp River to the banks of Combination River, and there + seized several of our transports, which were loaded with supplies. He + burned these with all their cargoes. One of our gunboats reached the scene + of action just in time to also become a prey to the flames. + </p> + <p> + “This act on the part of the rebel cavalrymen in its audacity seems + to have completely paralyzed our mounted troops, and Weller was permitted + to return entirely unmolested. In a very short time, elated by his + success, he concentrated a force of some 3,000 men under Gens. Forrester + and Lawting, with two batteries, within twenty miles of Nashua. Gen. + Rosenfelt, seeing that the rebels were riding all around and about him + with impunity, sent Gen. Davies with one division of infantry, and two + brigades of cavalry commanded by Gen. Minting, in order to hem Weller in + and 'bag him' and take him into camp, as the soldiers would + say. Davies marched from Murphy's Hill to Eagle Cove; Sleeman + marched from Nashua with a division of infantry, upon Tyrone; Minting + moved away to the south by way of Franktown, where the forces were all to + close in like pulling the drawstring of a bag and closing it over your + game. But when opened there was no Weller inside. The next heard of him he + had pushed on far to the northwest, and while our forces were closing in + at Franktown, Weller had again reached the borders of Combination River at + Mariam's Crossing, and appeared before Dolinsburg on the next day. + You remember the great battle fought at Dolinsburg, where Gen. Tom. + Anderson was thought to have been killed, but was found by me in the darky's + cabin?” They answered: “Yes; that could not be forgotten.” + “Well, gentlemen, this place was still commanded by good old Col. + Harden. He had but 700 men all told. The place was encircled by parapets + commanding the ravines north and south. In the center the Colonel had + constructed large earthworks, and mounted thereon one 32-pounder. He also + had a section of field-guns. The rebels lost no time in making their + dispositions, and were ready for the assault. Col. Harden hastily made + preparations to receive the enemy. He placed his women and sick on a + transport that lay at the wharf. That being done, the old Colonel said to + his men: 'Boys, here I will die before I will lower that flag.' + and his command all cheered him, and said 'we agree to that + sentiment.' + </p> + <p> + “Weller was now ready; he ordered Forrester and Law-ting to advance + and attack. But before doing so he thought it would be the more correct + warfare to summon the garrison to surrender. He did so by sending a flag + of truce and demanding a surrender of the fort. Col. Harden inquired by + what authority the surrender was demanded. The reply was that Gen. Weller + demanded it 'in the name of Jefferson Davis, President of the + Southern Confederacy.' + </p> + <p> + “'Tell Gen. Weller that if Mr. Davis is here in person I will + see him; but if Gen. Weller wants this fort he must take it at the point + of the bayonet. Col. Harden never surrenders to the enemy.' + </p> + <p> + “This was reported to Gen. Weller, and he remarked, 'We will + see.' + </p> + <p> + “Forrester deployed his command and moved forward up the hill, but + as he galloped up under a heavy fire his loss was severe. The soldiers who + were defending that part of the outer works retreated inside of the heavy + fortifications. A murderous and destructive fire was now opened upon the + enemy from all sides of the works. + </p> + <p> + “Forrester fell back and formed a new line, and Weller put his whole + force in action. Lawting joined Forrester on the right, and the assault + was made. + </p> + <p> + “Old Col. Harden said: 'Boys, here they come; let them charge + close up before you fire. Fill that old 32-pounder with bullets on top of + the shell;' and they did. + </p> + <p> + “So Forrester charged with his men right up to the works. Col. + Harden gave the command 'Fire!' and with one volley from + muskets and the old 32-pounder the cavalry retreated in every direction; + many horses and men fell under this terrible fire. Our men leaped out of + the works, and with bayonets fixed charged down against Forrester's + men and captured many of them. Forrester's best Colonel was killed + and his command routed and demoralized. Lawting had captured the Cemetery + Ridge, where some of Col. Harden's men had made a stand, but finding + they could not hold it, fell back into the fort. Darkness here closed in + and the old flag still floated over Dolins-burg. During the night a + gunboat came to the rescue. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning there were no rebels in sight, save killed and + wounded. Dolinsburg was never again assaulted by the enemy during the war. + Col. Harden was a brave man, and dearly beloved by my whole family; not + alone for his bravery, but for his kindness to Gen. Anderson during his + stay at the Colonel's Headquarters. + </p> + <p> + “Weller was being followed up by Davies, who had finally gotten on + his track. But he took another tack; he moved a short distance, as if + intending to meet Davies, and then suddenly wheeled to the right and + reached Center-town by way of Pinche's Factory, along the line of + Goose River. After fording the river he called a halt at Colesburg. His + men were now worn out with fatigue, and his horses totally unfitted for + further service until thoroughly recuperated. This ended Gen. Weller's + exploits for a considerable length of time. Just then another raider + appeared upon the scene—one Gen. Van Doring, in command of some + 5,000 fresh cavalry. This new force gave the enemy courage, and they at + once renewed their former audacity. They were determined to wipe out if + possible the terrible and painful result of their attack upon Col. Harden + at Dolinsburg, and immediately advanced within a short distance of + Rosenfelt's main encampment, drove in his outposts, and threatened + his short Une of communication with Nashua. By this time large + re-enforcements had arrived by way of transports up the Combination River + to Nashua. Sleeman's division had moved forward to the main force at + Murphy's Hill. The General felt that he must rid the country of + these raiders, or his situation would become intolerable. His detachments, + except in large bodies, could not venture out of camp without danger of + being attacked by rebel cavalry. Later on, one day, a report came that our + outposts were attacked and part of them captured within a few miles of his + main army. Rosenfelt was greatly excited to think that with his force of + cavalry—one brigade at Nashua, one at Franktown supported by a + division of infantry at each place, and two brigades at his main position—the + rebels were audacious enough to come in sight of his camp and menace him. + Just at this moment Gen. Sherlin, a small man, but a great soldier, came + into his headquarters and said: + </p> + <p> + “'General, how would you like to have an infantry commander + take one of your detachments of cavalry and try his hand on Van Doring, + who, I understand, is running round your camp playing marbles on your boys' + coat-tails?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sir,' said Rosenfelt, 'I wish we had some + one like old Col. Harden at Dolinsburg after this fellow Van Doring. Do + you think you can run him back on his own ground?' + </p> + <p> + “'I will try.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sir, you may try your hand to-day.' + </p> + <p> + “'All right,' said Sherlin; 'I am now ready, and I + want only 1,000 men.' + </p> + <p> + “The General ordered two regiments to report; they did so promptly, + and were off. They started with Sherlin at their head, and were not long + in reaching Brady's Wood, where the enemy was strongly posted. + Without hesitating for one moment Sherlin attacked them and charged, saber + in hand. The contest was of short duration. The rebels had not seen that + kind of cavalry fighting before. They were soon routed and driven in great + disorder back to and across Goose River. Sherlin returned the next day + with 200 prisoners and a command of encouraged men. This aroused great + jealousy with the cavalry officers, and made him the subject of many + remarks. But he went quietly back to his command of infantry without any + exultation or mention of his victory. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Sherlin and Gen. Anderson that evening were speaking of our + cavalry, when Sherlin remarked that they only wanted some one to teach + them how to fight. + </p> + <p> + “'That is true,' said Gen. Anderson; 'we must + obtain consent to go out and attack the enemy whenever and wherever we may + find him. We now have re-enforcements, our army is fresh and well supplied + in all respects.' + </p> + <p> + “The General commanding finding this feeling existing, and seeing + that his re-enforcements had all come forward and were in camp, amounting + to some 14,000, while Biggs had only received the 5,000 cavalry under Van + Doring, he felt that he could afford to make a forward movement and attack + his antagonist wherever he might be found. So he commenced by directing + that our forces were to make Goose River our line for the present, by + first driving the enemy to the south side of the same, and if possible + force him out of this part of the country. + </p> + <p> + “Sherlin's division and two brigades of cavalry were to march + to Eagle Cove and thence to Columbiana; Sleeman's division, with + other troops, were to form the center; the left was to move on Shelltown;—the + whole to concentrate on and along the north bank of Goose River. Gen. + Corbin, being in advance on the road leading to Columbiana, met Van Doring + at Spring Hill, and after five hours' hard fighting surrendered his + whole command. When this news reached Rosenfelt, who was still at Murphy's + Hill, it disturbed him much. The troops having now marched for a week over + very bad roads through rain and mud, he directed them to return to their + former positions, 'having accomplished all that the commanding + General desired,' as he said. + </p> + <p> + “Kentucky was at this time infested with raiders and guerrillas. + Gen. Broomfield, who had about that time been sent to the West to command + the Department of Kentucky, soon cleared that State of these pests. Their + mode of warfare on either side was merely harassing without accomplishing + any great results. Very soon Rosenfelt's troops were again within + his old camp lines, and Forrester commenced annoying him in many ways. + Gen. Papson being at Rosenfelt's Headquarters, in conversation + remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'If you will allow Gen. Anderson, of my corps, to take + command of a division of your cavalry, and give him instructions that + Forrester must be driven beyond Goose River and kept there, I will + guarantee good results.' + </p> + <p> + “Rosenfelt readily assented, and the arrangements were made and the + order given. The command started, and by rapid marches came up to + Forrester at a point near Auburnville, and drove him as far as Winter + Hill, a point where the general headquarters of the rebel cavalry had been + for some days. Gen. Anderson charged down upon them with his whole force + in regular old English cavalry style, with drawn sabers. The rebel cavalry + made stubborn resistance, but our force drove them from their position + with much slaughter. They retreated in great confusion, and were closely + pursued and sorely pressed until they were forced to cross Goose River at + different points. The country was now cleared of them for the present. + Gen. Anderson returned with 600 prisoners. This ended the raids, and our + army was not subjected to these harassing exploits again while it remained + at Murphy's Hill. During these many annoyances by the rebel cavalry + our troops were sent after them so frequently and marched so rapidly, and + at times such great distances, that they often became weary and footsore. + </p> + <p> + “The day after Gen. Anderson returned from driving Forrester out of + this portion of the country a division of infantry under Sleeman returned + from a very long and circuitous march. On the detail for guard duty that + night was a boy from one of the Michigan regiments, (the 1st Michigan I + think,) who during the night was found asleep on his watch. He was + arrested and taken to the guard-house. The young man was greatly troubled. + He had been a good soldier; had never shirked any duty imposed upon him. + The next day he was reported by Serg't Smith as being found asleep + while on duty. This was a serious matter,—the penalty being death if + found guilty. The report was taken to Gen. Sleeman, and by him transmitted + to Gen. Rosenfelt with a request that he order the Court-Martial, if one + should be decided upon. The General at once ordered the Court. I never + have believed that severe punishments in the army were productive of good + discipline. The best soldiers are the kindest men, and the most successful + are those who inflict the fewest severe punishments upon their men. The + detail for the Court was made and the charges filed. + </p> + <p> + “The Court held its sessions at Gen. Rosenfelt's Headquarters. + The poor boy was brought out of the guardhouse in the presence of the + Court. He was 20 years old, very slight, light complexion, light auburn + hair, large blue eyes, delicate frame, and, in fact, looked almost as much + like a girl as a boy. His appearance made a deep impression upon the + members of the Court; great sympathy was felt for him. The Judge-Advocate + asked him if he had any objections to the Court, which was composed of + officers from Gen. Sleeman's Division, with Gen. Sleeman as + President of the Court. The boy answered that he had no objections; + 'for,' said he, 'I do not know any of the officers. I + know but few persons in the army. I know only my messmates. I am not + acquainted with any of the officers of my own company. I know their names, + but have no personal acquaintance with either of them.' + </p> + <p> + “'Do you never talk with any of your company officers?' + inquired the Judge-Advocate. + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir,' replied the youth; 'I have never asked + a favor since I have been in the army. I have obeyed orders, and strictly + performed my duty and asked no questions.' + </p> + <p> + “'Have you any relatives?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sir; I have an aged father and mother, and one sister.' + </p> + <p> + “'What was your business before entering the service?' + </p> + <p> + “'I was a sales-boy in the wholesale dry-goods store of + Baldwin & Chandler, in Detroit, Mich., where my parents live.' + </p> + <p> + “'Have you written to your parents or sister since your + arrest?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir; I asked permission to do so, but it was refused me.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Sleeman, an old man, full of sympathy and kind feelings, on + the impulse of the moment said, 'That was an outrage.' + </p> + <p> + “The Judge-Advocate reminded the General that such remarks were not + proper in the presence of the Court. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the General, 'I spoke before I + thought; but the impropriety of the remark does not change my opinion.' + </p> + <p> + “The charges were read to the boy, charging him that in this, + 'he, James Whitcomb, a private soldier, was regularly detailed and + placed on guard duty, and that he slept while on post in the face of the + enemy, thereby endangering the Army of the United States.' + </p> + <p> + “The Judge-Advocate advised the boy to plead 'not guilty,' + which he did. + </p> + <p> + “Just at this moment Capt. Jackson Lyon came along where the Court + was in session, and for the first time heard of this trial. He listened + for a moment and heard the name of the boy mentioned, and it struck him at + once that it might be Seraine's brother. He waited until the Court + adjourned and asked permission to speak to the boy. It being granted, he + ascertained that James Whitcomb was the brother of Seraine, who had gone + South in search of Henry. He told the boy to be of good cheer—to + admit nothing; that when they proved the charge, as perhaps they would, to + ask permission to make a statement, and then to tell all about his march; + the reason for his inability to keep awake, and all about his condition on + that night, and that he, Capt. Jackson Lyon, would look after him; but not + to mention him as his friend, but as one only feeling a sympathy for him. + </p> + <p> + “Jackson wrote to me that day all about the case, and thought it was + best that his father and mother should not be made aware of his arrest and + trial, but that I should write to the President all about the case, and do + no more until he (Jackson) should arrive. My son Jackson was a very + cool-headed man, and always did everything in the manner that would create + the least excitement or suspicion. You see, he had a plan in a moment for + the safety of this poor boy. + </p> + <p> + “Well, to get back. The next day the Court reassembled at 12 o'clock + and proceeded with the trial. The witnesses were sworn. Serg't Smith + exhibited the detail for the guard, as well as the detail from the boy's + company, and the report of the detail to him with James Whitcomb's + name on the same. He then showed the time for the boy's guard-duty + to commence on that relief, and finally, by the Officer of the Guard who + went around with the relief guard, that the boy was found asleep and did + not arouse from his slumber when he was challenged, but that the Sergeant + of the Guard had to shake him quite hard to arouse him. This, you can see, + was very strong and hard to get over.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush, “that was a strong case. I was + hoping to hear that there was a mistake about it.” + </p> + <p> + Maj. Clymer said: “Well, I hope he was acquitted. I have slept many + a time on my horse during a hard march, when if I had been placed on + guard-duty I would have gone to sleep in five minutes.” + </p> + <p> + “So have I,” said Capt. Zeke Inglesby. + </p> + <p> + “Yes, yes. I have no doubt of that; but it is not the men who commit + acts against law that are always punished, but those who are caught. These + men seemed to think this a terrible crime in this boy, and yet, perhaps, + there was not one of them who could have done differently under the same + circumstances. + </p> + <p> + “After the witnesses had been heard against the poor boy, he showed + great mental suffering and agony; the disgrace to his parents and sister + was what troubled him so much. His company officers were sworn, and stated + that prior to this no complaint had ever been made against the boy. That + although they only knew him as a soldier, they had always observed his + neatness and soldierly appearance and bearing; they all thought that the + march the two days before and until 9 o'clock the night on which he + was found asleep on post, was calculated to tire out a boy of his frail + organization. + </p> + <p> + “The Chief Surgeon stated that a boy of his constitution would be + very likely to drop to sleep anywhere after such a strain upon his + physical strength. + </p> + <p> + “This closed the evidence with the exception of one witness. The boy + asked if he could make a statement to the Court. Some discussion arose on + this point. The Court was cleared, and Jackson said that he afterwards + learned that old Gen. Sleeman grew very angry at the idea of refusing an + innocent boy a chance to say a word in his own defense. Finally, it was + agreed that the boy might make his statement. He arose, and, with a + tremulous voice and much agitation, said: + </p> + <p> + “'Gentlemen of the Court: I am a poor boy. My life is of no + value to me, and but little to my country. I have risked it several times + without fear or nervousness. For my parents' sake I would like to go + through this war with an honorable record. To take my life would do me but + little harm. I can meet death as a true soldier. But what can this great + Government gain by taking my life? You can inflict ruin, distress and + misery upon an old man and woman, and upon my queenly sister, who is now + going through more perils, if I am correctly informed, than any of us. I + came to the army not for gain. I was getting much more pay without risking + my life, but I felt it my duty to aid in sustaining our Government. I did + not dream, however, that in the event that I should escape death from the + hands of the enemies of our country that, for an unhappy result entirely + unavoidable, my comrades-in-arms would hasten to make a sacrifice of me. + Were I guilty of anything that I could have avoided, then I would not ask + for leniency; but this I could not avoid. That I slept on my post I will + not deny; but I pray you hear my excuse. It is this: Two days before this + offense was committed, we had marched through rain and mud some twenty + miles in pursuit (as it was said) of Forrester's cavalry. I did not + see many horse tracks in the road, however, and took it that our forces + had captured all their horses, and that the rebels were taking it on foot, + as we were.' + </p> + <p> + “Here Gen. Sleeman laughed, and said <i>sotto voce</i>: 'That + boy ought to be put in command of our cavalry, instead of being shot.' + </p> + <p> + “'The night of this march my messmate, John Martin, a boy of + my own age and my neighbor before coming to the army, was taken quite ill. + It was his turn to be on guard. I took his guard duty that night, and was + entirely without sleep. When not on post I was attending to him, as he + would have done for me. The next day John was not able to carry his + knapsack and gun on the march, and as we had no transportation, I carried + his as well as my own. The burden was very great for me, and when we + arrived in camp I was completely exhausted. John was not able to stand my + guard, and when I told the Sergeant my condition, he would not excuse me, + and gave as a reason that I had no business to carry John's gun and + knapsack, inasmuch as I had no orders from him to do so. I think the + Sergeant would do much better as a General than as a Sergeant. I may do + him injustice, and I would not do that for the world, but I do believe + that he entertains the same high opinion of himself that I do of him.' + </p> + <p> + “At which remark old Gen. Sleeman laughed again, and said, so as to + be heard, 'That boy will be a man some day, and, by the eternal, it + would be a crime—yes, a murder—to shoot him.' + </p> + <p> + “Continuing, James Whitcomb said: 'This, gentlemen of the + Court, is my excuse, no more, no less. I hope that John Martin may be + called to verify my statement.' + </p> + <p> + “When the boy sat down the whole Court were in tears. + </p> + <p> + “John Martin was called, and he did verify everything that had been + stated by James Whitcomb. This closed the evidence in the case. The Court + adjourned until the next day at 12 o'clock. When they met they began + the consideration of the verdict. The Judge-Advocate charged the Court + that the evidence was clear and conclusive; that the law fixed the + penalty; that there was no way out of it; they must find the fact that he + did sleep on his post, and that fact being found, the verdict must be + death. + </p> + <p> + “The Court was two days coming to a conclusion. When they did, my + God, it was enough to make a man's blood run cold in his veins. They + found him guilty on all the charges and specifications, and sentenced him + to be shot to death, with only ten days' respite. The sentence was + approved, and orders given to manacle the boy and double his guard. Gen. + Sleeman raved like a madman, and came near resigning; said if the boy was + shot he would at once resign. As soon as the judgment of the Court was + known, Jackson took a leave of absence for ten days and left on the train + that evening for home. He came, and on his arrival was looking like a + ghost. All ran to him to welcome him. + </p> + <p> + “He soon assumed his wonted calmness, and talked with his mother, + Mary Anderson and Jennie, as well as the little girls, telling them all + about the army. His mother was still sick in bed over the murder of our + son Stephen; but we all enjoyed seeing Jackson, and were glad to know that + Peter and Gen. Anderson were well. Our family, you will observe, was not + very large at this time. Jackson made Aunt Martha happy by telling her + that Ham was well, and was behaving splendidly. + </p> + <p> + “'Thank de good Laud for dat. I always 'spects to hear + he killed. But I knows Ham; he am awful coward. He allers runs off when + dere is any danger. I have to look out for dat.' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson had a full report of the proceedings of the Court-Martial + so far as the testimony and the boy's statement was concerned. He + read the whole statement over to Jennie (David's widow), Mary + Anderson and myself. As he read the boy's statement the two ladies + burst into tears. Mary Anderson arose and walked the floor, looking like a + Queen, and seemingly much excited. Finally she said—I shall ever + remember her words: + </p> + <p> + “'My God, what does all this mean? Has the great Father + forsaken this family? Four have already lost their lives, and one now + suffering in some loathsome prison if alive; my husband and Peter nearly + at death's door on more than one occasion; Seraine Whitcomb, a + lovely girl, with her only brother in the army (he a mere boy), she leaves + her old father and mother to take the chances of her life through the + lines searching for one of our family, and now her only brother under + sentence of death for what he could not help doing. Capt. Jackson, what do + you propose?' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson replied that some one must proceed to Washington at once, + and that he thought it was not best to let the boy's parents in + Detroit know the facts, they being old people and alone (according to the + statement of the boy), and as the young lady is doubtless searching for + Henry, as we all surmise from her letter to our father, it is certainly + our duty to look after this boy's case ourselves. I have only ten + days' leave from my duty, and therefore brought these papers, + thinking that father might perhaps go to see the President. + </p> + <p> + “Mary Anderson spoke up at once and said: + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir; no, sir. Your father will not go. He must not leave + Aunt Sarah in her present condition. I will go; yes, I will go at once. + Get me a ticket, I want no trunk; my satchel will do. I will be off on the + first train.' + </p> + <p> + “Jennie said, 'Why, Mary, you will not go, will you?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, I am going. I am determined to do so. It is settled; so + do not attempt to stop me.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said Jennie, 'Uncle Daniel, what shall we + do?' + </p> + <p> + “I replied, 'She is determined on it, and we will just help + her to get off at once.' + </p> + <p> + “So the ticket was procured and Mary was off with a good-bye, taking + with her a full statement of the case made out by Jackson, also his + letter, and a letter from me to the President. Under the circumstances + this was a painful trip to her—the anxiety as to her success; the + fact that she knew nothing about the family in whose behalf she was + enlisted. She a stranger to the President, how should she approach him? + What could she say to him? Suppose he would refuse to interpose in behalf + of the boy? And a thousand inquiries would come to her mind to annoy her. + She slept none on her way, but finally arrived safely in Washington, and + went directly to the Executive Mansion without stopping to take a mouthful + of food or a moment's repose. + </p> + <p> + “When she reached the threshold of the mansion she came near + fainting; her courage and strength both seemed to leave her all at once. + Presently her strength returned, and she asked to be admitted. The usher + said, 'I will see,' and took her name to the President; also + my letter. The President was alone. She could not speak. The President + came forward and took her by the hand and greeted her most kindly, saying + that he almost knew her; that he knew much of her through me, as I had + spoken of her in connection with her husband. The President said: + </p> + <p> + “'Your brave husband is so well known to me through my friend + Mr. Lyon, and through his daring on the field, that you would need no + introduction more than that I should know who you are; and I take it that + you are on an errand of mercy, as I am sure you could not be here to ask + anything for your husband, as I would do anything for him, as he knows, + merely for the asking by himself or my friend Lyon.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, Mr. President; you will never be troubled by me in that + way. I am truly on an errand of mercy and justice'; and here she + broke down and wept. + </p> + <p> + “When she recovered she said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. President, my errand is to save the destruction of a + good family.' + </p> + <p> + “She then recited the facts as to the two old people, and that + Seraine, the only daughter, was now on an errand of mercy South somewhere. + </p> + <p> + “The President replied that he remembered giving her a letter at the + request of his friend Daniel Lyon, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'My dear Mrs. Anderson, there is hardly anything that I would + not do for any of Mr. Lyon's family, as well as Gen. Anderson and + yourself; and, certainly, if to prevent a calamity to such a family as you + describe Mr. Whitcomb's to be, I would do anything that would be + proper and reasonable for me to do.' + </p> + <p> + “She was very much encouraged by these remarks, and began to feel + more at ease. + </p> + <p> + “The President, seeing this, asked her many questions about her + husband's health, and also about my family. When she spoke of + Stephen's foul murder, the President walked the floor and remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'Most diabolical—fiendish.'” + </p> + <p> + (“Little did he or she then suppose that it was her own brother that + had committed this wicked and cruel murder.”) + </p> + <p> + “By this time she was so much encouraged that she handed him the + letter and statement of Jackson. + </p> + <p> + “The President read the letter, and then read and reread Jackson's + statement. Great tears rolled down his bronzed cheeks as he read the + statement. He tapped a bell, and sent for the Secretary of War. The + Secretary soon came, and greeted Mrs. Anderson very cordially on being + introduced. The President asked him to take a seat, and handed him the + statement. He read it, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'I will at once see if any papers in this case have been + forwarded.' + </p> + <p> + “During all this time imagine the suspense and fears of Mary + Anderson. + </p> + <p> + “The Secretary sent to the Judge-Advocate-General, and found that + the papers had just arrived. + </p> + <p> + “The President said: + </p> + <p> + “'Let them be brought to me immediately.' + </p> + <p> + “When they were placed before him he read them over carefully, + remarking, when he had finished, that they were exactly as stated by Capt. + Lyon. He handed them to the Secretary and asked him to read them, which he + did, and laid them down without a word of comment. + </p> + <p> + “After some conversation between the two men, the President turned + to her and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mrs. Anderson, cheer up, weep no more; your friend shall not + be hurt! Instead of showing himself unworthy of clemency he has proven + himself a noble boy. The kindness which he showed to his messmate and + neighbor boy was enough to have commended him to mercy. He should have + been complimented for his kindness and excused from duty, instead of + having it imposed upon him. You can go home and bear the glad tidings to + his father and mother that their boy shall be saved for a better fate.' + </p> + <p> + “Mary Anderson, trembling with emotion, said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. President, you are so very kind, sir. But, if you will + pardon me, his father and mother know nothing of their boy's + trouble. We kept it from them, believing it would have caused them great + distress. We desire to keep it from them.' + </p> + <p> + “'Do you say that his father and mother do not know of this, + nor that you are here?' + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. President, they are not aware of the case.' + </p> + <p> + “'Mrs. Anderson, that was very considerate in your friends and + yourself, to keep this from them for the present at least.' + </p> + <p> + “The President then wrote, with his own hand, a telegram, ordering + the suspension of sentence against James Whitcomb—that he had been + fully pardoned—signed it and sent it to the office with directions + that the dispatch be sent at once. Mary Anderson on her knees thanked the + President from the fullness of her heart. He bade her rise; said he had + done nothing that she should thank him for; that if he had permitted such + a sentence to be carried out he never could have forgiven himself. He bade + her go home and carry the good tidings to her friends. He told her to give + me and my family his kindest regards. She then left with a light heart. + </p> + <p> + “She went directly to the train, forgetting that she had eaten + nothing during the day. She returned to us one of the happiest persons + that ever lived, and you may depend upon it that we all shared in her joy. + Capt. Jackson had returned to his command prior to Mary's return + from Wash ington. When we all got through with the family talk and Mary + had eaten her dinner, she gave us a full account of her trip, her agonies + and sensations on meeting the President. She was exceedingly happy in her + details about her trip and her success; but, strange to say, she never + alluded to it again voluntarily, and would, as much as possible, avoid + conversation on the subject when spoken to in reference to it. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson had asked that James Whitcomb be detailed from his + regiment and assigned to him as an Orderly at his Headquarters, which was + done. And again all was moving on quietly in the field.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Capt. Inglesby, “as I before stated, there + would have been warm times in that camp had they shot that boy. The whole + camp had heard the facts about his helping his comrade, and the soldiers + with one voice said he should not be executed. His pardon was a Godsend to + the officers who were intending to carry out the sentence. During all my + experience (and I was through the whole war) I never knew such a mutinous + feeling in the army as that sentence created.” + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams remarked that in all his reading and experience in life there + had not been a female character brought to his notice who had shown the + will, determination and good judgment that Mrs. Anderson had from the + beginning of the war; her fixed Union principles; her determination to + make any and all sacrifices for the cause of her country; her persistence + in hunting for her husband when all others were sure of his death at + Dolinsburg—few women like her have lived in our time. “God + bless her, whether she is living or dead!” + </p> + <p> + The tears rolled down the old man's cheeks, but he uttered not one + word in response. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0012" id="link2HCH0012"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + MORGANSON'S RAID AND BATTLE OF CHEROKEE RUN.—THE REBEL + CAVALRYMEN WHIRL THROUGH INDIANA AND OHIO.—BEATEN AND + CAPTURED.—KNIGHTS OF THE GOLDEN CIRCLE CONTINUE THEIR + MACHINATIONS. + + “If that rebellion + Came like itself, in base and abject routs, + Led on by bloody youth, guarded with rage, + You revered father, and these noble lords + Had not been here to dress the ugly form + Of base and bloody insurrection.” + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + “After the long-continued idleness of the Army of the Center around + Murphy's Hill, the people began to clamor for a movement of some + decisive character. + </p> + <p> + “During Gen. Rosenfelt's inactivity, Gen. Silent had moved + with the Army of the West against Gen. Pendleton, who had continued to + obstruct Conception River by holding Victor's Hill, as well as the + grand bluffs below. Gen. Silent had made some of the most wonderful + marches and successes ever known. He had opened ways for the water to flow + from the river into the lands; had cut canals through at different points; + had run the batteries of an hundred guns with his transports laden with + supplies for his army; marched on the opposite side of the river below + Pendleton, crossing his army below the Grand Bluffs in one day and night; + moved out against the enemy, who was in superior force, cutting loose from + his own base of supplies, and fought him in six hardly-contested battles + with victorious results each time, and he finally succeeded in hemming + Pendleton inside his fortifications at Victor's Hill and forcing + him, with his entire army, to surrender unconditionally. + </p> + <p> + “The President had also in the meantime placed Gen. Meader in + command of the Army of the East on account of the constant failure of + other commanders during the Spring campaigns. Soon after assuming command + Meador had gained a great victory over the enemy at Gotlenburg, and had + driven him back across Grand River to his own ground. The enemy had become + so encouraged by his victories over our armies heretofore, that he + concluded to try a second invasion of the loyal States. + </p> + <p> + “The people who desired the success of the Union forces were greatly + rejoiced over the victory at Gotlenburg and in the West by Gen. Silent, + and by them Rosenfelt was constantly urged to do something by way of + giving some activity to his army. But he hesitated and thought the heat of + Summer was too great in that climate for his men to march and endure the + fatigues of a campaign. This was so discouraging to his troops that many + of them sought relief by obtaining a leave of absence and returning home + for a few days. Among those who returned were Gen. Anderson and my son + Peter. When they arrived at home all greeted them with many hearty + welcomes. My wife by this time had so far recovered as to be up a portion + of the day, and the return of the General and Peter seemed to revive her + drooping spirits. The children were overjoyed and Aunt Martha was as much + delighted as any of the family, and repeated her confidence in the “good + Laud's” having saved the General for some good purpose. + Finally she could not restrain herself any longer, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Massa Gen'l, what you do wid Ham? Whar is he? I + 'spect he be kill and you done 'eluded you not tell ole Marfa'. + </p> + <p> + “'No, Martha,' said the General; 'Ham is well. I + left him with Capt. Jackson and Capt. Day to take care of our traps.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, dat's all right. I feered he kill.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, Aunty; he is all right.' + </p> + <p> + “The next day Joseph Dent came in from the farm and told us he had + learned the night before that a meeting of a few of the leading men had + been held at Windsor, Canada, and that meetings were to be held at + different places in the Northern States by prominent Knights of the Circle + to consider what was best to be done, and also to appoint delegates to + meet somewhere in Canada at a time and place to be hereafter designated, + and that several propositions were being considered about work which would + be undertaken very soon; such as destroying property, raiding in the + North, releasing prisoners, etc. + </p> + <p> + “This information was of such a character that we deemed it + important to have a full report of what was at the time being done in + Canada, as that seemed to be the base of the enemy's operations for + our part of the country, and inasmuch as Peter had promised James + Whitcomb, now Orderly to Gen. Anderson, that he would go to Detroit and + visit his aged parents and satisfy them of his innocence should they have + learned of his misfortune in having been court-martialed and condemned, we + concluded that this would be an excellent opportunity for him to pass over + to Windsor or elsewhere in Canada and gather what information he could. + This being understood, he left at once, desirous that no time should be + lost during his leave of absence. + </p> + <p> + “The family being gathered in the parlor that evening, Gen. Anderson + said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mary, now give us your experience as a visitor at the White + House; how the President appeared to you, etc.?' + </p> + <p> + “Mary related what had transpired in a modest way, saying in + conclusion that nothing but the feeling aroused in her breast by the + outrage that was about to be perpetrated upon that poor, innocent boy + could have induced her to have undertaken such an expedition. She said she + could do anything except to ask favors. Said she: + </p> + <p> + “'Tom, my dear, you need have no fears about my ever becoming + a lobbyist in Washington, or a courtier at the White House. I have tried + appealing to the President once, and although successful that time, and + treated courteously and kindly by that big-hearted and noble old patriot, + yet I have hardly recovered from my scare up to this time; and now I do + hope that you will never mention this again, for it does really give me a + palpitation of the heart whenever the subject is alluded to. I am a + coward, I know I am, and am frightened still.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Mary, you did a noble act, and I am the prouder of you + for it.' He kissed her and she sank down in her chair overcome with + emotion. We then changed the subject, and the General entertained us by + recitals of the trials and vicissitudes of the army. We were all enjoying + the visit of the General very much and hoped to have a pleasant time, but + a few days after his arrival the country about Allentown became greatly + alarmed and excited. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Morganson, of whom I have heretofore spoken, had crossed from + Kentucky at or near Louis City into Indiana, and was raiding the country, + taking horses, wagons, and all kinds of property that could serve any + purpose whatever in aiding the rebellion or in facilitating its movements. + Stores were pillaged, houses plundered, banks robbed, and farms laid + waste. The people were taken entirely by surprise, and the only thing that + could be resorted to to meet the emergency that was upon them, was for the + loyal citizens along the raider's path before and behind to assemble + and make resistance and obstruction to his march. Gen. Anderson, + comprehending the situation, at once gathered together a few men and + started in pursuit of Morganson. He collected men and material as he went. + He also aroused the people to action everywhere. Morganson's force + was being recruited from the Golden Circle as he passed through the + country. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0016" id="linkimage-0016"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0206.jpg" alt="Morganson's Raid 206 " /> + </div> + <p> + “That community was never so thoroughly excited before. Many murders + were committed on his line of march, and this one had lost his horses, + that one had his house plundered; this town had been sacked, and in some + instances burned, and so on. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson made his march as rapidly as he could with raw men + and horses. He finally struck Morganson's rear and forced him to + make a stand. Gen. Anderson dismounted his men and told every man to cover + himself behind a tree where it could be done. The contest lasted for about + an hour, when a small body of men who had been gathered together in + advance of the raiders, struck him in the rear, as he was then facing, and + caused a great stampede, and his force broke in various directions through + the woods. Morganson turned upon this small force and drove it back, + making his escape. Gen. Anderson followed him up closely, however, forcing + him to change his course in the direction of the river. Gen. Broomfield + had withdrawn a small force from Kentucky, which finally joined Gen. + Anderson. Morganson was preparing to cross the river at a point near an + island, the water being shallow there. Gen. Anderson with his raw recruits + and about 100 of Broom-field's men at once assaulted him, broke his + line, and killed and wounded many of his men as they were attempting to + cross the river. After hard fighting for a few moments Morganson and those + of his command that were still with him surrendered. + </p> + <p> + “This ended the raiders and their foolish exploits. The men who had + volunteered to follow Gen. Anderson were of all ages and sizes—from + the schoolboy to the grandfather. None of them had been in the army or at + any time seen service, so that they were without any sort of discipline, + with the exception of a few who were at home on furlough from their + regiments, and some of Gen. Broomfield's command. But Gen. Anderson + said that they fought like veterans, each one in his own way. Morganson + and his command were taken to Camp Chase for safe keeping, and Gen. + Anderson returned to Allentown to enjoy the leave of absence interrupted + by the raiders. + </p> + <p> + “Joseph Dent came in the next morning after Gen. Anderson's + return, and told us that when Morganson entered Indiana on his raid the + Golden Circles were notified, and were getting ready to join him and make + war all over the State, but that he appeared too soon for them; that on + account of his (Dent's) illness he had not been able to advise us + earlier.” + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams inquired who this Gen. Morganson was. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel said: “He was part of Forrester's command, that + had raided around Rosenfelt so much during the previous Winter and Spring. + He had crossed the Combination River to the east of Rosenfelt at Carthage, + moving nearly due south by way of Greenberry, avoiding all points at which + there were Union troops. He doubtless believed either that the members of + the Golden Circle were ready to join him, armed and equipped, or that his + raid would strike consternation into the hearts of the people, inasmuch as + our armies were all far away from where he proposed to lay the scene of + his audacious exploits. But he made a mistake when he began to take horses + and other property from all alike, whether Union men or rebel + sympathizers. This changed the sentiments of many people very rapidly.” + </p> + <p> + Said Maj. Clymer: “What has become of Gen. Morgan-son? I have not + heard of him since the war.” + </p> + <p> + “He was killed somewhere in Tennessee soon after his escape from + Camp Chase, so I have been informed. + </p> + <p> + “During Gen. Anderson's absence in pursuit of Morgan-son, + Peter was traveling rapidly through Canada. He returned the day following + Gen. Anderson's from his capture of the raiders. + </p> + <p> + “The people everywhere seemed to be greatly rejoiced at the General's + success. He received a great ovation from the citizens of Allentown, and + they cheered whenever he made his appearance. This caused him to keep very + close to the house, as he was not fond of demonstration. The people, + however, flocked to see him, and many of them could see great virtues in + our family who, prior to that time, did not know us because we were not + good enough for their society. So you see their own safety was the + patriotic spark that burned brightly in their bosoms. But this is human + nature. Selfishness seems to pervade nearly all, as is evidenced every + day. Many of those who wanted the rebellion to succeed did so not because + they were really rebels, but because they had said that we could not + conquer them, and were willing to see our Government destroyed, merely to + get a chance in the future to say to every one, 'I told you so.' + These people now want the Government placed in the hands of its enemies + for the same reason, so as to say, 'You cannot keep the control out + of the hands of such able and brave men as these.' Thus, you see, it + is in many merely a selfish pride of former expressed opinions.” + </p> + <p> + “That is a new idea, Uncle Daniel,” said Dr. Adams; “but + I am not sure but there is much in what you say.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, Doctor; experience and close observation have taught me many + things that I would have been slow to believe years ago. I am wandering, + however, from what I was stating. + </p> + <p> + “The next evening after Peter's return we were all at tea and + while at the table Aunt Sarah, my good wife, asked Peter the condition of + his foot. Peter replied that it was nearly well; he did not suffer from it + except occasionally when he caught cold in it. + </p> + <p> + “'You must be very careful, Peter,' said she; 'I + am fearful about it. You know how your brother James lingered and finally + died with a mere cut on his hand. I was disturbed about your wound last + night in my sleep. I was dreaming about it.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, mother,' said Peter, 'you seem to be + dreaming something constantly, and will continue to do so, so long as you + allow yourself to be worried.' + </p> + <p> + “But Peter ceased speaking on the subject, and his face took the sad + expression that seemed to have fixed itself upon him. I then spoke up to + relieve the matter and said, 'Wife, you must not worry so much. You + are just able to be out, and I fear you will make yourself sick again. + Peter will take care of himself—at least I hope so.7 + </p> + <p> + “Aunt Martha seemed to be listening to our conversation, and (having + been greatly indulged by all our family on account of marked kindness to + Gen. Anderson as well as to all the rest of the family) here chimed in and + said: + </p> + <p> + “'Marsa Lyon, I tells you dat you is wrong on dat pint. De + mans don't know how to take kear of demsefs. Now, dars Ham. He's + like to get kill any day, he am. He don't know nuffin, he don't.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson and Peter laughed when she spoke of Ham getting + killed. Peter seemed to lose for the time-being his sad countenance, when + he remembered about Ham getting under the brush at Stone Run. + </p> + <p> + “Aunt Martha knew nothing about Ham's precipitate retreat + during the last battle, so she continued by saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Jes' see, Massa Tom, de Gen'l dar. Whar he bin + if he lef wid de mans when he got shotted at dat fight at Dolins-burg? He + done bin dead sho. Dars whar he bin. I tell you de good Laud know who he + trus' him wid; yes sah, he do. So he put him wid me and den he make + my ole head cifer out de cures what fotched him out. Jes' kase he + want Marsa for good work, dat's why. What would Ham do curin' + him up? No, sah, he not know how, and de Laud no trus' him.' + </p> + <p> + “Peter said: 'Aunt Martha, you rather like the Lord, I take + it.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sah, I do. He be good. He fotched de poor darkies out + ob workin' all de time for nuffin for dem Sesh, and he know what he + doin'. He goin' to let dem Sesh 'spect dat dey whip dem + Yanks affer while, but he not let dem do it. He jes' coaxin' + dem on till he git good men hold of de army, den dey all git smash up. Jes' + like Genl Tom, de Laud save him for dat. Don't you see dat? My! when + Marsa Tom git after dem Sesh, dey done gits ebry time, dey do; don't + dey, Marsa Lyon.' + </p> + <p> + “I agreed with her and the rest laughed. She finally cut her speech + short and retired to the kitchen. + </p> + <p> + “After tea Gen. Anderson gave us quite an amusing account of his + little improvised army that followed Morgan-son. He said no braver set of + men ever marched, but that it was very hard to tell his men from the + raiders when they got together; that some were riding in saddles and some + without, substituting a doubled up blanket or quilt; some were on old and + some were on young horses; some were on ponies and some on mules, some + wore 'stove-pipe' hats, some caps, some straw hats, and some + were without either. Some had on frock, some dress, and some round-coats, + and many entirely without coats of any kind; some with boots, some with + shoes, and some entirely barefoot. Take them all in all, they were in + dress <i>à la</i> Falstaff's troop, but they were a success, and did + what the Army of the Center, under Rosenfelt, had failed to do, and that + was to capture the rebel cavalry. This raid of Morganson was an audacious + adventure, doubtless encouraged by the Knights of the Golden Circle, and + had he waited long enough I have no doubt that we would have had an + uprising in Indiana that would have been very troublesome to put down. It + was quite fortunate that it occurred when it did.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Dr. Adams; “I have no doubt that plans were + being perfected about that time and later on for a general raiding and + plunder of many cities, as well as portions of the North outside of + cities, where we could be seriously damaged.” + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel resumed, saying: “During that evening we discussed + matters generally, but Peter felt very much disappointed at his being + absent in Canada while Gen. Anderson was bagging Morganson. He said that + it was just his luck to miss everything of this kind, but that he always + had the luck to get into some hard place in front of the enemy, and + usually get hurt in some way or other, but that when it came to getting + rebels into a place where they could be easily whipped or captured or + chased out of the country, the luck seemed always to fall to Gen. + Anderson. He turned to the General, and with a twinkle of the eye asked + him if he had Ham with him to assist in hiving these Sesh. The General + laughed and said no; that Ham was back watching out for the Army of the + Center and keeping Gen. Forrester from coming in some morning and taking + away our trunks and camp equipage. At this they both laughed. + </p> + <p> + “Peter said: 'Ham will not have quite the trouble that we have + all had heretofore since Forrester's command has been depleted by + Morganson's capture.' + </p> + <p> + “'No,' replied the General; 'he will only need to + watch one of them now.' The conversation then turned on Peter's + trip into Canada. + </p> + <p> + “I inquired if he saw Mr. and Mrs. Whitcomb. He said that he spent + one night at their house; said they were nice old people, very religious, + and lovely in every respect; that they were very proud of their children + and spoke of James as a brave and good boy. They knew nothing whatever + about his having been in trouble. When he told them that he knew him and + that he was on duty with Gen. Anderson, they were delighted, and asked + many questions about the army, our prospects, etc. They spoke of Seraine + as their lovely daughter; knew about her mission, her fondness for Henry, + and, in fact, gave him much information about Henry prior to the war that + we did not know. Altogether his stay with them was very pleasant. After + hearing about these good people, in whom we all felt an interest, I + insisted on his now giving us a full report of what he had found out about + the situation in Canada in reference to the conspiracy and conspirators. + </p> + <p> + “He stated that on leaving Detroit, Mich., he went directly to + Windsor, and while there became acquainted with several gentlemen, one + from Chicago in particular by the name of John Wall. Peter, having learned + all about the Golden Circle, their signs, passwords, etc., had no trouble + in making himself known, and, as he represented that he was from + Nashville, Tenn., he got along without being suspected by any one. Wall + and he became friends at once, and as they had rooms adjacent at the hotel + they were together the first night in Peter's room until very late. + Wall knew all about Morganson's raid, but not about his failure and + capture. Peter learned that on his way home from the Detroit papers. Wall + told Peter that he feared Morganson would not succeed in obtaining many + recruits, as the authorities in Canada at the head of the organization had + not furnished the arms that were promised to their friends in Indiana and + Ohio; that he was at that time there for the purpose of procuring arms for + Illinois, and that he had been sent there to see Mr. Jacob Thomlinson and + a Mr. C. C. Carey on that business. He said he was to have the arms + smuggled through to Chicago, where they would be subject to the orders of + one Mr. N. Judy Cornington, and that the intention was to release the + prisoners at Chicago and Bock Island at a time to be agreed upon for Camp + Chase, Chicago, and other places. At this point Gen. Anderson inquired if + Wall was a man about five feet eight inches in height, heavy build, gray + eyes and light hair mixed with gray, about half and half. Peter replied in + the affirmative. The General said: + </p> + <p> + “'He is the same man Wall that I met in company with + Cornington, Buckner and Eagle when I was in Chicago on my voyage of + discovery.' + </p> + <p> + “'No doubt of it,' said Peter. Peter continued by saying + that Wall gave him full particulars as to what was intended. He said that + so soon as arms could be procured and the prisoners released it would be + made so hot for the Abolitionists, as he called the Union men, that they + would be glad to call their army back from the South in order to protect + themselves against fire and plunder in the North; that men were now + organizing to burn many of the cities North, and if that did not bring the + Abolitionists to terms other methods would be resorted to, but that the + destruction of property would be effective, as the North cared more for + their property than they did for the Government. The next day they met a + man by the name of Tucker, who was on his way to Montreal, where he was to + meet Jacob Thomlinson and Mr. Carey, in order to consult with them about + what was to be done in the direction mentioned by Wall. + </p> + <p> + “He said that arms must be procured at once; that the friends North + were ready but that no means had yet been provided so that they could act. + He thought that if Jacob Thomlinson did not have the arms in Canada he + should at once proceed or send to England for them; that he was ready + himself to perform the journey. To this Wall replied 'That is all + that is wanted in Illinois.' Tucker said that already men were in + England procuring and preparing material only recently discovered that + would burn up all the cities of the North without endangering the parties + applying it, and should this fail something else must be resorted to; that + the Confederacy could not and must not fail. He was in favor of + assassinating every leading man North if absolutely necessary to procure + their independence. + </p> + <p> + “Peter met several other Southern men while in Canada, as well as + quite a number of Northern men, who were in the conspiracy, and said that + they all seemed to be imbued with the same feeling and spirit—a + determination to have the rebellion succeed at no matter what cost. In + their desperation he thought they would resort to any means, no matter how + destructive, barbarous, or murderous. He left Wall and Tucker, and visited + one or two other places, and then returned, as he thought he was meeting + too many Southern men who might afterwards recognize him. His statement + only strengthened what we already had reason to believe. Peter also said + that this man Tucker and Wall placed great reliance in Valamburg, of Ohio, + and Thomas A. Strider and Bowen, of Indiana, and felt sure that they would + arouse the people of the North against the Administration to such an + extent that the war men would be put out by the people, and anti-war men + put in their places, so that a recognition of the Southern Confederacy + would be assured. The only thing that seemed to alarm them was the success + of Silent at Victor's Hill and Meador at Gotlenburg. They said they + had fears that these two men were their greatest enemies, and would + relieve from the Union army all the officers who were not Abolitionists. + They seemed to mean all who were opposed to the Administration. They + appeared to understand but two classes of men in the North—their + sympathizing friends, and Abolitionists. + </p> + <p> + “I made Peter write out his statement and leave it with me. I sent + it to the President, and soon received his thanks through his Secretary. + </p> + <p> + “Two days later Gen. Anderson and Peter left for their commands, and + on their arrival at the Army of the Center they were most enthusiastically + received by officers and men. An officer said: + </p> + <p> + “'General, you had to go home to get a chance at the rebs.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' the General replied, 'Morganson and his + men were merely visiting up North during the vacation.' + </p> + <p> + “The General found his staff officers, orderlies, and old Ham at his + Headquarters. When he had seen them all and inquired as to their welfare, + he told James Whitcomb about Peter having seen his parents. This delighted + the boy very much to think that any of us should care enough about him to + seek out his father and mother. Ham, being present, concluded that it was + about his time to say a word, so he inquired of the General about Martha. + The General told him that she was well, and sent love to him, and said she + prayed for his safety. + </p> + <p> + “Ham laughed and said: 'I's not killed yet, but I + 'spec' I will be some day; for de nex' time I's + gwine right into de fight, so I is. I jes' tell you, Marsa Gen'l, + I done sleep on dis, and jes' make up my mind dat I fight dem Sesh + de berry nex' time we git at em.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Ham,' said the General, 'I am not sure + that we will need you to do any fighting; but we would like it if you + would stay around where we could find you, the next battle in which we are + engaged. Will you do that?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sah! I will, no mistake, dis time.' He got up + pretty close to the General, and said, 'Marsa Gen'l, you didn't + tole Marfa 'bout I hidin' in de bush, did you?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, Ham; we said nothing about it to any one.' + </p> + <p> + “'Thank you, Marsa Gen'l; thank you, sah. I go now an' + look after de hoses; I guess dey hungry.' + </p> + <p> + “'All right, Ham,' said the General; 'go on.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Rosenfelt at this time was reorganizing and putting his army + in shape for a forward movement. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Papson had been home, and had just returned and was changing + some of his divisions. In this change he had assigned some three more + regiments to Gen. Anderson, thereby making his division very strong. After + the reorganization had been completed, Rosenfelt called several of his + Generals together at his Headquarters and talked over the proposition to + advance upon the enemy, and found perfect unanimity among them in favor of + an early advance. He then said to them that he should move within ten + days. His Quartermasters and Commissaries were put to work and were busily + engaged in procuring supplies and having them loaded into the several + corps and division train-wagons. Everything was active in camp. The horses + and mules were being re-shod, and the sound of many anvils could be heard + both by day and by night. Officers were supplying their mess-chests and + obtaining extra supplies, as they supposed there would not be another + opportunity very soon. At this time the Army of the Center numbered some + 60,000 effective men, and was in splendid condition as to health, but had + grown somewhat lazy after so long a rest in camp with nothing to do. Gen. + Biggs, who was in his front, had scattered his forces very much, and while + he had fewer infantry than Rosenfelt, he had more cavalry. His cavalry, + however, had been diminished by the silly exploit of Morganson, who, as we + know, had been captured with many of his men, and those who were not + captured had concluded that raiding was unprofitable and did not return to + Bigg's army again. His force was divided about as follows: Polkhorn + was at Shell-town with about 20,000 men; Harding was at Waterhouse, to the + right some distance, with some 10,000 men; and at Tullahoming, with about + 15,000 men, lay Chatham in a well-intrenched position, his cavalry to the + front and left of his army about 8,000 strong. Gen. Bertram, who + surrendered Dolinsburg to Gen. Silent, was now holding Knoxburg and + Chatteraugus with some 18,000 men, about equally divided between the two + places. + </p> + <p> + “Rosenfelt was now compelled to attack his intrenched position or + move to the left, thereby endangering his communication to the rear. This + was somewhat perplexing to him. In marching forward he would be obliged to + leave forces behind him to guard his communications, thereby constantly + diminishing his strength, while the enemy in falling back would lose none + of his strength. Looking at the situation after he was ready, he again + concluded not to move. This caused a terrible clamor both in and out of + the army. Finally he was ordered peremptorily to move forward against the + enemy. He obeyed the order, the army was put in motion, and a forward + movement began. The question was how to out maneuver Biggs. A feint was + made on Shelltown, which lay in the direct route of his march. This caused + Biggs to concentrate his forces at this point. While this movement was + being made our main forces were moved by rapid marches to Munster on the + enemy's right, which jeopardized his communications with + Chatteraugus and the valley south. + </p> + <p> + “Biggs now finding his forces flanked, and seeing the danger of + being cut off from a junction with Bertram, fled precipitately over the + mountains to Fayette. Rosenfelt finding that Biggs had retreated in such + hot haste, was deceived into the belief that Biggs had gone into Georgia + at or near Romulus, and on finding that Bertram had left Chatteraugus with + his command, concluded that the enemy were re-enforcing the rebel army in + the East, and therefore thought to push on with force enough to attack and + defeat him, at the same time holding the strong points in the rear. So he + sent Gen. Critsinger with his corps to Chatteraugus, and with the rest of + his force marched over the mountain into the valley, intending to have the + larger portion of Critsinger's Corps join him in the valley, and + then to move south. Instead, however, of Gen. Biggs having sent any + portion of his army to re-enforce the rebel army in the East, he was + concentrating all his forces at Fayette and quietly awaiting + re-enforcements from the East. Gen. Longpath, with a corps of 20,000 men, + was moving on railroad cars as rapidly as possible to the support of + Biggs. Gen. Rosenfelt was now on the road between Bridgeton and Fayette + without any knowledge as to the whereabouts of Biggs, and yet he was now + within fifteen miles of him, and Biggs with somewhere about 80,000 men was + lying in wait for Rosenfelt's advance. During this afternoon a lady + came into camp and asked to be shown to Gen. Rosenfelt's + Headquarters. When she appeared to the General he at once recognized Mrs. + Houghton, who had made such a trip just before the battle of Murphy's + Hill, in order to give the General the movements of the enemy on his right + the night before the assault. The General was exceedingly glad to see her. + She was invited to partake of soldiers' fare, and was very + pleasantly entertained. As soon as she could get an opportunity she said + to the General: + </p> + <p> + “'Are yot going to meet Gen. Biggs with your army?' + </p> + <p> + “The General responded: 'Yes, if I can ever find him.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, General, if you continue marching in the direction + that you are now going, you will find him to-morrow.' + </p> + <p> + “The General laughed and said, 'I hope so; but, my dear lady, + he is near Romulus.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, General, he is not; he is at Fayette.' + </p> + <p> + “'At Fayette?' said the General with astonishment. + 'You say he is at Fayette?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sir, I do; I saw his camp this day; I was not in the + camp, but in sight of it. I have been at Smallwood, some fifteen miles + south of Fayette, and know that Gen. Long-path, with his corps from Gen. + Law's command in Virginia has joined Biggs. The last of these troops + passed on yesterday for Fayette, and I was told by a well-informed person + that the corps would increase Bigg's army to between eighty and + ninety thousand men.' + </p> + <p> + “'Impossible!' said Rosenfelt; 'he would not have + more than sixty thousand with these.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; but, General, you must know that 20,000 of the Victor's + Hill paroled prisoners captured by Gen. Silent have been collected + together and organized into a corps under Gen. Stephenson, and are now in + camp with Biggs.' + </p> + <p> + “'Is that so?' inquired Rosenfelt. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, General; what I have stated is true, and I hope you + will believe me this time. I once before took the chances of my life to + give you correct information, and had you believed my statement as then + made to Gen. Papson many a poor soldier might be living to-day who sleeps + beneath the sod. I come now as I did then, merely because I love my + country, and for no other reason. These rebels treat me kindly and never + ask me a question which would indicate their suspicion of me. I do not + dislike them personally, but I am an inborn Union woman, would make any + sacrifice for the preservation of our Government. General, you are in the + greatest danger of having your army destroyed. If I were a man and a + General in command of this army I would fall back at once to Chatteraugus + and make resistance, as they are sure to attack you in a very short time. + The understanding with them is that they must crush your army before + re-enforcements arrive to your support from the Army of the West, that + army having cleared that portion of the country of the enemy.' + </p> + <p> + “Rosenfelt said: 'If you had seen the army and made an + estimate of its strength, I would then have no doubt, but I am persuaded + that you are mistaken as to the whole rebel army being at Fayette. They + say so to you, but there is merely a force there to impede my march. It is + a mere outpost. Their main army is at Romulus, Ga.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, General, I should not like very much to see you move + on this outpost at Fayette, and I beseech you to send your scouts and find + out the exact situation before you make any further movement, as I assure + you that you will not proceed very far on this road without a great + battle, and one that you will have cause to remember the rest of your + life.' + </p> + <p> + “And so he has.” + </p> + <p> + “The General said: 'Well, it is best to proceed with great + caution at all times, and inasmuch as I know you feel sure of what you + say, and having given very correct information heretofore, I will halt for + the day and send my cavalry to Fayette and let them clear the town of the + rebels.' + </p> + <p> + “'Mrs. Houghton laughed and said: 'General, you had + better give orders to have what will be left of them (if you should send + them there with such orders) return and let you know which road will be + left to you to march on, which ever direction you may wish to go.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the General, 'you seem to think we + will not be strong enough for the enemy.' + </p> + <p> + “'General, he has a great army.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Rosenfelt concluded that perhaps he had better be prepared, so + he placed Gen. McCabe's Corps on the right, Gen. Critsinger in the + center; Gen. Papson being some ten miles to his left near Cherokee Run, + was allowed to remain. His cavalry, under Gen. Straiter, was ordered to + take the main road to Fayette, and to enter the town if possible; but at + all events to feel the enemy and ascertain his position and force. The + cavalry were late in getting in motion, and when they had gone some ten + miles the darkness of the night impeded any rapid movement. But their + orders were such that they must move on. Soon they struck the rebel + pickets, who retired before them. Finally they approached the rebel camp + which was lighted and stretching out for miles to the east and south. The + rebels had discovered the approach of the cavalry and sent two regiments + of infantry on a side road to their rear, who opened on them from an + unsuspected quarter. This forced Gen. Straiter to strike off to his left, + following a road leading from Fayette to the old Mission House. By doing + this he made his escape with small loss, but was completely cut off from + his retreat back to Rosenfelt's Headquarters. He traveled all night + and struck the left of Gen. Papson's Corps at daylight, giving this + information to Papson, which was at once sent to Rosenfelt. Messengers + were sent with all dispatch to inform him of the situation, and not only + so, but to say that it looked as though the enemy were about moving, and + Gen. Papson thought they would be most likely to strike our left. This + Rosenfelt did not credit, as he could not see, if they intended an attack, + why they would not attack our right. In this he was mistaken. The enemy + were intending to turn our left, take possession of the Mission House + road, and interpose between Chatter-augus and our army, secure + Chatteraugus and Bridgeton, thereby taking possession of the lines of + railroad between there and Nashua, forcing Rosen felt away from his base + of supplies, and, eventually, to destroy and capture his army. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Papson, taking in the situation, ordered one of his divisions, + with Straiter's tired cavalry, at once on and across the road in + rear of Cherokee Run, holding two of the main crossings, at the same time + notifying Rosenfelt of his position and the reasons for it. In the + meantime Rosenfelt had concluded that the information given him by Mrs. + Houghton was in part correct. Having said this much to her, she asked to + be permitted to go into Chatteraugus, which she could do by crossing over + in the rear of the army to the Mission House road. Her request was + granted, and she started on her way. She had not traveled far before she + heard cannonading. She was then sure that the battle had begun. Rosenfelt + was greatly perplexed. Finally he agreed to Papson's suggestions, + and ordered Crit-singer's Corps to the left, and to join on to + Papson's right. By this time he could hear the sound of artillery in + the distance, but held McCabe, believing that the attack would most likely + be made on that road and on his right. Gen. Papson, seeing that one + brigade of the enemy had advanced to the crossing on Cherokee Run, did not + hesitate, but ordered Gen. Anderson to attack it, which he did at once. + The contest was a sharp one, but the enemy were driven back very much + broken up, with heavy loss in killed and wounded. Papson then threw + Palmerston's division in on the extreme left, on high ground, + covering the road and crossing well with artillery. In the afternoon a + strong force under Polkhorn advanced, and furiously attacked the two + divisions under Anderson and Palmerston. The contest raged for over an + hour. + </p> + <p> + “Palmerston was driven from his position, and our cavalry, which had + been posted on his left, was broken into fragments. Gen. Anderson changed + front with his left brigade and struck Polkhorn in flank and forced him + back on his main line. Palmerston was now supported by Sherlin's + division and his former position retaken. By this time Longpath had come + up on Polkhorn's left and had assailed violently Critsinger's + left, and after a severe struggle, in which the loss was great on both + sides, our lines gave way and the rebels came through and down the slope + of the hill in perfect swarms. Papson, quietly and coolly, as if in + church, threw a portion of his corps into the breach and checked the + advance. He then adjusted Critsinger's line and moved at once + against Longpath's right and broke it, driving it back in great + confusion. He then advanced his whole line and drove the enemy back for + some distance through the woods on to his reserves, and in this position + night closed in on the two armies. During the night Rosen-felt came up + with McCabe's Corps, which was now posted on a ridge to the right of + Critsinger. This being done, he had his corps commanders assemble at his + Headquarters, now near Papson. When all were together the manner of the + enemy's assault was stated and various views given as to his number. + Some contended that his whole army was engaged; some, his right wing only. + </p> + <p> + “General Papson was of a different opinion. He thought that the day's + battle had been fought on the part of the enemy by his advance merely; + that he was marching rapidly, believing that he could pass around our left + flank on the Mission House Road, by way of Roseville, into Chatteraugus + without much of a struggle, thinking our army all to be on the Bridgeton + and Fayette road; that in the morning they would attack with their whole + force; and for that we should prepare during the night. Rosenfelt agreed + that all arrangements for a great battle must be made during the night. He + directed that the lines be adjusted and made as compact as possible, and + all be ready to receive their assault by daylight in the morning. He then + sent out to find his cavalry commander, Straiter. When found it was + ascertained that part of his command had retreated to Roseville. + </p> + <p> + “The General ordered him to get his command together that night and + move by daylight in the morning around our left, and on the right of the + enemy, and attack his right flank; to dismount his men and fight them as + he would infantry, and to fall back on Palmerston's left and there + take his position, and to maintain it if possible. He directed McCabe to + refuse the right of his line and to close up on the left with Critsinger. + Papson he directed to take command of the left and center and to advance, + if he should drive the enemy in the direction of the Mission House road, + so as to get the enemy across it if possible. The two armies could be + heard during the entire night moving into different positions. The + movements of the artillery sounded at times as if it was coming into the + other's line. Hospital parties could be heard on both sides in + search of the wounded. The light of the fires could be seen for miles on + either side, where the men were getting their scanty meals and perhaps + their last one. Rosenfelt was busy all night in giving directions for the + morrow. He rode all along his lines during the night. + </p> + <p> + “Biggs intended to make the assault at the opening of day the next + morning. Polkhorn was to move around and make an assault on our left and + center with one wing of the rebel army, composed of two corps. This attack + was delayed, however, by a heavy fog that hung over the field, lasting for + some two or three hours, giving Gen. Papson time to strengthen his lines. + At length the breathless suspense came to an end. Bolenbroke with a full + division had moved around on Papson's left flank (our cavalry + failing to get round as ordered) and made a most desperate assault. This + was taken up by successive Confederate divisions toward the center with a + view of getting possession of the road to Chatteraugus. Gen. Papson was + equal to the occasion, and Bolenbroke was soon hurled back in utter rout, + two of his Generals killed—Helmer and Deshling—and many of + their men and officers killed, wounded and taken prisoners. + </p> + <p> + “In the same manner were all attempts to break Papson's line + abortive. While these things were going well and Pap-son's command + proving itself the superior of the enemy, rolling him back in dismay, a + terrible disaster befell us on the right, which endangered the safety of + our whole army. + </p> + <p> + “In the morning, very early, Rosenfelt, in passing along the lines + of his army, discovered that McCabe was stretched out like a string, with + no solidity whatever in his line; that Davies with his division was + entirely detached from the main line and isolated; and Critsinger was also + stretched over entirely too much ground. He at once ordered the proper + dispositions to be made, which was not attended to until late, and in + changing these divisions the movement was attended with the most fearful + results to our troops, a gap being opened in our front by the withdrawal + of one of our divisions to the rear, the place not being closed up, as it + should have been. On its discovery by the enemy, Longpath threw Hoadley's + division in at this point, at the same time assaulting our right flank + with Bertram's force. By this movement and assault on our flank our + whole right wing was utterly disorganized and demoralized. They rushed in + every direction. The commanders seemed to be stampeded and worse + demoralized (if such a thing could be) than even the men. The woods + swarmed with disorganized bands of men without officers. The whole right + became a confused mass, mingling together without any reference to + organization. In this mixed and confused condition they came like a + rushing torrent through the woods in all directions; but finally, getting + the direction to the northward, they bore everything along in the same + direction. Rosen-felt, by some means, was carried along by this moving + mass in the direction of Roseville, and, being now separated from the rest + of the army, he continued his way to Chatter-augus, the presumption at + least being that he went to Chatteraugus in order to collect together and + reform his shattered divisions, that Papson might be properly protected in + his looked-for retreat with the remainder of the army. + </p> + <p> + “When Papson was looked for he was not to be seen coming on the + road. He had met the shock which came upon him after the General + commanding and the whole right wing had abandoned the field, leaving him + and his command to take care of themselves. Papson stood like the pillars + of Hercules, and met every assault of the combined army of Biggs with his + single corps. Gen. Gregor came back from the retreating column with his + command, as also did several other brigades. They were reconstructed + hurriedly and formed in line in support of Papson. He soon distributed + these troops and strengthened his flank. He fell back to a ridge across + the road over which the enemy were moving, and here reformed his lines and + encouraged his men. Gens. Anderson and Sherlin were gathering and putting + in line anywhere that they could do so the men who had been lost from + their commands on the right. The rebels were now advancing on Papson with + the assurance of an easy and triumphant march upon Chatteraugus, where + they expected to make prisoners of Rosenfelt and his entire army. Papson + was still receiving companies and regiments returning to the field after + finding that a portion of our army stood its ground. Batteries that had + been abandoned on the field by McCabe and Crit-singer in their stampede + were gathered and put in position with other artillerymen to work them. + Gen. Gregor was moved to the right with his returned forces (who redeemed + themselves at once), he hurled one of Longpath's divisions from a + hill on Papson's right, where a flank attack was intended by the + enemy. By this success we gained the position that entirely protected our + right. Papson now with his small force was in a strong position. The + fighting continued on different parts of our line. Palmerston had been + again driven from the left and Gen. Anderson again sent to his support. He + fell upon the enemy with his command and drove him back with great + slaughter. Palmerston was again re-established, and, with his position + strengthened, could now hold it. The battle raged with great fury the full + length of the line, and never did a Spartan band stand more firmly than + did our gallant men. At four o'clock like a mighty tempest in all + its most terrible fury did the musketry and artillery of the enemy burst + forth upon Papson's devoted columns, the entire rebel forces moving + down upon him in solid phalanx. Our forces replied with all their + artillery. The roar of the artillery, with its blazing fire, the rattle of + the musketry on both sides, equaled any ever heard or witnessed. Solid + masses boldly marched up in front of Papson's lines, where they were + literally mowed down by our musketry and discharges of shrapnel and + canister from our batteries. They would recoil and then move forward again + into the very jaws of death. You could see them fall almost in heaps, as + it were. + </p> + <p> + “This character of contest continued until darkness set in, our + columns not moving or swerving in the least. At dark the enemy retreated. + The victory of Gen. Papson was complete. Had the whole army remained and + supported Papson during the day a great battle would have been won by our + army, and Biggs driven out of the country, although his army was so + greatly in excess of Rosen-felt's in numbers. As the battle closed + Papson received orders from Rosenfelt at Chatteraugus to fall back to + Rose-ville, which was done. They encamped there for the night. Gen. + Anderson and staff were worn out and hungry. They hunted their + Headquarters, but Headquarters were not there. Old Ham was nowhere to be + found, and no provision had been made for anything to eat. Gen. Anderson + was greatly annoyed, but thought perhaps there was some excuse for it, as + most of the men seemed to get lost during the day. + </p> + <p> + “Capt. Day and my son Jackson said to the General: 'Perhaps he + is with Rosenfelt, assisting him in reorganizing the army in Chatteraugus.' + Matters were really too serious for jokes to be very amusing or + interesting at that time, so the conversations on the subject of Ham and + his whereabouts ceased. The next day they marched to Chatteraugus without + disturbance from the enemy. Many of our men remained on the battlefield + that night (compelled to do so from exhaustion) and came on to camp next + morning without the enemy coming in sight. Gen. Rosenfelt stated his loss + at 16,000, and Biggs admitted his to be 18,000. The army of Rosenfelt was + all collected and concentrated at Chatteraugus. + </p> + <p> + “When Gen. Anderson came into camp he had a search made for + Headquarters wagons and tents, as well as for Ham. Finally one of the + orderlies found Ham down under the bank near the river and brought him to + Gen. Anderson. When Ham saw the General he was delighted and called out: + “'My Laud, Marsa Gen'l, I 'spected you done dead!' + “'Yes,' said the General; 'but it seems you did + not wait to see.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir; dat am so. I staid doe, Marsa Gen'l, jes' + as long as anybody else do whar I been. I tell you, our mans all git, dey + do; and when I seed dat big Gen'l what's ober all ob you'uns + (what am his name)—when I seed him a gittin' from dar, I + 'eluded it war about time for dis ole nigga to march on dis way, + too. Dat Gen'l, he not ride slow, I tell you; he go fas'. And, + afore de Laud, I 'spected you ebery one killed or cotched by dem + Sesh; den whar's de use ob me stayin' any mo' at dat + place, Marsa Gen'l?' “'Well, Ham, did you ever + study law?' “'No, sir; I 'spect not; I dunno what + it am.' “'I think you would have made a good lawyer, + Ham.' “'Well, Marsa Gen'l, de truf is, ole Ham no + good for nuffin'. I cannot stand dis fitin'; dat am de truf, + Marsa Gen'l. So, you see, I is no good. I stay all right jes' + as long as it am all quiet; but whar am de use ob me stayin' by + myself?' + </p> + <p> + “The General laughed and said that was too good to keep. He let Ham + off, sending him out with Capt. Day and Jackson to get some tents and camp + equipage from the A. Q. M. The next day he amused himself telling Papson + and Sherlin what Ham said about 'no use for him to stay by hisself + when de big Gen'l gone.' They all enjoyed the joke except + those that came in early. Ham came back after a while to the General and + begged him to promise not to tell 'Marfa,' and then went off + satisfied. + </p> + <p> + “Biggs soon followed up and took possession of the ridge to the east + running from the old Mission House to the Little Combination River, called + Middleton's Ridge, and also a spur branching off from the regular + chain of mountains down to the river west of Chatteraugus, known as + Looking-Glass Mountain. The line thus formed was in the shape of a + horseshoe, and, with the river washing the north side of the town, + Rosenfelt was completely encircled; the object of Biggs being to force a + surrender by starving him out, Biggs now fully commanding all Rosenfelt's + communications both by rail and river. This was the position of the two + armies at this time. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent was ordered to leave Victor's Hill and proceed to + Chatteraugus, sending as many troops as could be spared from the Army of + the West. Gen. Meador was directed to send 20,000 men from the Army of the + East, in order to protect the communications of the Army of the Center. In + the meantime Broomfield had been ordered to move with his force, then in + Kentucky, on Knoxburg. Gen. Hord had come on transports up the Combination + River to Nashua with his corps from the Army of the East, and had sent + them in advance to protect the railroad between Nashua and Bridgeton. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent learning the situation, sent the troops forward from + Victor's Hill and hastened to the scene himself. The first order he + issued in connection with the Army of the Center was that of relieving + Rosenfelt of his command and placing Gen. Papson in his place. The + condition of the Army of the Center by this time was really frightful and + perilous, and to relieve this situation was the thing to be done, if + possible. To this end all the energy of the Chief was directed. To do this + before an unprovisioned army would be forced by starvation to surrender + was the problem. Gen. Silent telegraphed to Papson to hold out, and the + answer came, 'We will hold out until we starve.'” + </p> + <p> + “What a noble old Roman,” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush; “the old man had no superior in + the army, either as a patriot or fighter; he was like a rock when he once + took his position and got his lines formed.” + </p> + <p> + “I knew him well,” said Inglesby; “he was a noble man. + He would have starved to death in Chatteraugus before he would have + surrendered.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, what has become of Gen. Rosenfelt?” inquired + Maj. Clymer. “He was a kind man, and I liked him very much, barring + some faults.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes. Well, he became soreheaded and got mad at the Administration, + and was exceedingly bitter on Gen. Silent for relieving him, and soon took + shelter under the wing of the anti-war party; but I have not heard of him + for many years. I think he went to some foreign country, then came back + and went to mining. I have no knowledge of his whereabouts now, however.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0013" id="link2HCH0013"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + GEN. SILENT GUIDED BY A SPECTER.—ARMY OF THE CENTER.— + BELEAGUERED AND HALF STARVED IN CHATTERAUGUS.—MIDDLETON'S + RIDGE.—GEN. SILENT'S FORCES SWEEP THE REBELS FROM THE + CREST. + + “O thou whose captain I account myself, + Look on my forces with a gracious eye. + Put in their hands thy bruising irons of wrath + That they may crush down with a heavy fall, + The usurping helmets of our adversaries. + Make us thy ministers of chastisement, + That we may praise thee in thy victory. + To thee I do commend my watchful soul. + Ere I let fall the windows of mine eyes, + Sleeping and waking, O, defend me...” + —Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + “The Army of the Center was now in a most deplorable condition. Gen. + Biggs's lines extended to the river above and below, so that the + Union army inside of Chatteraugus was practically invested, the rebel army + being so situated that every movement of our troops could be watched as + carefully as if they were all of the same army. The enemy persistently + threw shells into our camp and made it very uncomfortable both by day and + night. The rains had so swollen the river and damaged the roads that there + was no direction from which supplies could be drawn in wagons of + sufficient quantity to be of any very great assistance, had the rebels + only held the Une of communication by rail. Our whole command had to be + placed at once on half rations. Over 3,000 wounded soldiers were in camp + and hospital, suffering and dying for want of proper food and nourishment. + Forage for the animals could not be procured, and more than 10,000 died in + and about Chatteraugus. One-third of the artillery horses died, and the + remainder were unfitted for service. + </p> + <p> + “Biggs had cut off a train of supplies of medical stores for the + wounded, and the ammunition of our army was reduced to the minimum. In the + battle of Cherokee Run the men had thrown away and lost their blankets, so + they were exposed to the hot sun and the chilly nights, without blankets, + tents, food, or any of the comforts that even soldiers usually enjoy in + the field. When Rosenfelt started on the campaign his order was to take + but one blanket to each man, and no overcoats. In this condition they + could not retreat. They seemed doomed to surrender at no distant day. + </p> + <p> + “The enemy well knew the condition of our troops, being in + possession of the route to our depot of supplies, and the one by which + re-enforcements would reach our army. They apparently held our forces at + their mercy. For these reasons the enemy deemed it unnecessary to assault + and lose lives in an attempt to take what seemed secure. All that Biggs + had to do, as he thought, was to wait, and Chatteraugus would fall into + his hands without a struggle. Starvation would soon force terms, as + retreat or re-enforcements were considered alike impossible. No other + portion of our armies was reduced to such a terrible extremity during the + war. + </p> + <p> + “This was the situation of the Army of the Center when Gen. Silent + took command of it. Biggs had sent his cavalry to the interior to watch + all movements on our part, and especially to prevent supplies from being + brought to or concentrated anywhere for our almost famished soldiers. + Weller and Lawting, in command of the rebel cavalry, captured and + destroyed in the Sewatch Valley 1,000 wagons loaded with supplies. They + also captured 700 wagons at Macklinville, with about 1,000 prisoners, and + at the same time destroyed millions of dollars of other property. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent had just arrived at Nashua, and, finding that the + raiders were burning wagon trains and railroad trains loaded with + supplies, collected all the cavalry he could, obtained horses and mounted + two regiments of infantry. Under a skillful officer he started them in + pursuit of Weller and Lawting, chasing them into Northern Alabama and + capturing near one-half of their commands. Gen. Silent had no means of + getting into Chatteraugus until Biggs's force at Bridgeton and on + the river between there and Chatteraugus could be dislodged and driven out + of Looking-Glass Valley, which ran down along the mountain side to the + river. He had difficulty in getting all the positions correctly. + </p> + <p> + “Finally he met Mrs. Houghton, who had come out from Chatteraugus + prior to its investment. She gave him the most satisfactory detailed + statement that he had received from any one as yet. In the interview she + told him what she was doing in that country and where she had been; what + she had said to General Rosenfelt the night before the battle of Murphy's + Hill, and what she told him the day before the battle at Cherokee Run. The + General questioned her as to the number of the enemy, the names of the + commanders, etc. When she gave the names of Longpath and Stephenson, the + General said: + </p> + <p> + “'They are sending troops here from the rebel army East?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, General,' she replied; '20,000, I am sure, + and I so told Gen. Rosenfelt.' + </p> + <p> + “The General said: 'They are using the Victor's Hill + prisoners?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said she; 'Gen. Stephenson is said to be + in command of 20,000 of them.' + </p> + <p> + “'But they have not been exchanged as yet?' + </p> + <p> + “As to that she did not know, but they were now in Gen. Bigg's + army. Gen. Silent thanked her and invited her to come to Chatteraugus when + he should take it; 'which,' he said, 'I mean to do in + ten days from the day I open the lines of communication, so as to get food + to those starving soldiers.' He then left her with many thanks for + the information. + </p> + <p> + “The next day Mrs. Houghton sought Gen. Silent again and said to + him: + </p> + <p> + “'General, there is one matter, which may be important, I did + not think to mention yesterday in our conversation.' + </p> + <p> + “'Pray, what is that?' said he. + </p> + <p> + “'Gen. Longpath is to start in a day or so to Knoxburg with + his command, in order to drive Broomfield from there, who they understand + is now in possession of that place.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said the General, 'that is of more + importance to know than anything you have told me.' + </p> + <p> + “'I am exceedingly glad then, General, that I thought of it.' + </p> + <p> + “The General then said to her: 'I am extremely curious to know + how you learned this.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sir, I visit hospitals on both sides, and many things + are there said that would not be told to anyone in camp. I had seen a sick + rebel who had just come into the city in citizen's clothes to be + taken care of by his friends, and you must not ask me who or where he is.' + </p> + <p> + “'No,' said the General, 'I will not. Good-by!' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent at once ordered Gen. Hord to concentrate his whole + force at Bridgeton as quickly as possible, and in three days the 20,000 + men from the Army of the East had secured Bridgeton and crossed over + Little Combination River on the road to Looking-Glass Valley. They moved + forward, driving Biggs before them, until they reached the western base of + Coon's Mountain, in order to pass into Looking-Glass Valley. At the + point where he was to enter the Valley the rebels made an assault upon his + head of column. Hord deployed his troops, advanced to the attack, and very + soon routed the enemy. The enemy now could very plainly detect and + understand the movement. Our troops went into camp at about six o'clock. + </p> + <p> + “The rebels could see that if this movement was successful + re-enforcements as well as supplies to the Union army would immediately be + the result, and they were bewildered and chagrined. At about one o'clock + the same night, Hord was attacked in force by the enemy. Gear's + command first received the assault. Hord at once moved to the support of + Gear, but before reaching him found a large rebel force posted on a range + of hills which completely commanded his line of march. These hills were + steep and rugged. There was, however, but one course left, and that was to + assault. This was done in a most gallant style. The hills were scaled and + the enemy driven from them with a loss of many prisoners, as well as + killed and wounded. Gen. Gear meanwhile had been contending against a + superior force for two hours, and though almost enveloped at one time by + the enemy, he finally succeeded in repelling the assault. The moonlight + was so bright that the firing seemed to light up the whole heavens, as if + meteors were in every possible space. The yells of the rebels, the running + away of teams, the heavy sound of artillery, were enough to 'frighten + the souls of fearful adversaries.' Mules broke away from their + wagons and hitching places, some with halters, some with harness and + singletrees dangling at their heels. Horses neighing and mules braying, + all dashed in the direction of the enemy, who mistook the fleeing animals + for a cavalry charge, and fled in disorder and confusion. At daylight the + enemy had been repulsed at every point and our route to Chatteraugus + secured. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent had managed to communicate with Gen. Papson, and + directed that one of his divisions should cross over the river in front of + his camp in plain view of the enemy, and while the enemy were watching + these movements pontoon bridges were being laid across the river by the + Engineer Corps, they passing down the river beyond the left flank of the + enemy in the night time. Over this bridge crossed Palmerston's + Division and joined Hord, and by the next morning all the heights + commanding the bridge and Looking-Glass Valley were secured—communication + opened by way of the north side of the river by crossing the pontoon + bridge, and on that very day rations for the men were taken into + Chatteraugus. Such a shout as went up from the throats of nearly 50,000 + men was perhaps never heard before nor since. Gen. Silent entered + Chatteraugus with the supplies for the hungry, and was most gratefully + received by officers and men. When this line was opened the boys + christened it 'Silent's cracker line.' + </p> + <p> + “The scene that followed the opening of this line of communication + is not to be described by any one. Poor fellows, they had suffered long + and much. They were patriots; but how many people remember it now?” + </p> + <p> + At this point the old man grew eloquent, and finally bowed his head for a + moment. Resuming, he said: + </p> + <p> + “In a very short time every one had gained confidence and courage, + and was again not only ready but eager for the fray. Biggs at once saw his + peril. Longpath was at Knoxburg trying to dislodge Broomfield, while Gen. + Papson was being rapidly re-enforced. And now the tables were turned. The + rebels no longer jeered at and tantalized our boys with inquiries as to + when they proposed to start for 'Pine Forest Prison.' Jeff + Davis, the Confederate President, had only a few days before visited Biggs's + army and looked down upon our starving soldiers. Our boys knew this, and + would ask if Jeff Devis would like to dine with Gen. Silent on hard-tack? + </p> + <p> + “Just at this time our forces were anxiously looking for the arrival + of the troops from the Army of the West, which they knew were marching + with all the energy they could to the aid of their comrades. So the next + morning the rebels were saluted with a shout that rang from the valley up + to the top of Looking-Glass Mountain and along Middle-ton's Ridge. + It was the arrival of Sherwood from Victor's Hill with two full + corps of as good soldiers as ever marched under the American flag. Cheer + upon cheer from both our armies rang out and gladdened the hearts of all. + </p> + <p> + “The next day Gen. Silent was handed a note by a cavalryman. He + examined it, and found that it bore information to the effect that + Longpath had failed to capture Knoxburg, but had been repulsed by + Broomfield and was then marching rapidly to re-enforce Biggs. On inquiry + the General found that the note was written by a lady, who was then some + ten miles away at a farmhouse. The cavalryman stated that she was very + anxious that Gen. Silent should get the note that day, and that she had + also told him to say to the General that she was the same lady who had + given him certain information at Nashua some days before, and that she + informed the bearer of the contents of the note and requested him to + destroy it if in danger of being captured. Gen. Silent consulted Gen. + Papson and found that he had implicit faith in her statements, as he said + she had given Rosenfelt truthful and important information twice as to the + numbers and movements of the enemy. Gen. Silent said: + </p> + <p> + “'This being so, we must drive Biggs from his position before + Longpath can join him.' + </p> + <p> + “It was then raining and blowing a perfect gale, and Gen. Papson + said that it might be well to delay until the storm was over. This Gen. + Silent assented to, but directed that all preparations be made for the + attack, so as to be in perfect readiness at a moment's notice. + </p> + <p> + “Sherwood, however, had not yet succeeded in getting to the position + assigned him. He was struggling against rain, wind, and high water. In + crossing Little Combination River to the north side the pontoon bridge + gave way, and Gen. Osterman and his division of Sherwood's command + were completely cut off and left on the south side of the stream. Silent + ordered him to proceed up the river to a point opposite Middleton's + Ridge with the remainder of his command. By this time the freshet was so + great that it was impossible to repair the bridge. So Osterman was + ordered, if he could not get across by eight o'clock the next + morning, to report to Gen. Hord. Sherwood finally succeeded in moving the + rest of his command to the point indicated. Pontoons were now necessary + for bridging the river at this point in order to cross the troops again + over to the south side to assault Middleton's Ridge, the point of it + sloping down near to the river, on which rested the rebel right flank. + There were but few pontoons to be obtained, and here the genius of man + came well into play. Rafts and boats of a rough character were at once + improvised, and by the morning of the 24th of November Sherwood's + command was once more on the south side of the river, with men, horses and + artillery, ready for the assault. He was moving in a drizzling rain, and + as the clouds hung low his movement was pretty well covered. He pushed + forward with great rapidity and seized the smaller hills near the river, + driving the enemy therefrom, and at once fortified them securely. + </p> + <p> + “The rebels now seeing this advantage made an ineffectual assault to + dislodge him. He had possession of two hills, with a depression in his + front between him and the main ridge, it being his objective point. The + mist and heaviness of the day prevented the enemy on Looking-Glass + Mountain from seeing or understanding the movement of Sherwood on the + right. Night closed in, and as the clouds cleared away, the light of the + camp fires revealed the position of both armies. Indeed, the night was + beautiful. The lights on the north side were made by those guarding the + camp of Sherwood, left in his movement, across the river. These lights of + the camp fires of both armies now formed a complete circuit, making a + grand picture. The stillness of the night was a warning to all that in the + morning work was to be done. + </p> + <p> + “About the hour of ten Gen. Silent was out looking at the lights, + and in order to form some opinion of the condition of the weather during + the next day, he strolled along the river bank alone. Stopping at no great + distance from one of the sentinels, he sat down upon a stone under a large + tree, the shadows of which obscured him from view. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0017" id="linkimage-0017"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0238.jpg" alt="A Spector Appears to the General 238 " /> + </div> + <p> + “While sitting absorbed in thought as to what the future would be to + the army then preparing for a desperate battle, a strange form seemed to + appear before him. He was at first startled, and then felt as though he + had dreamed, and was thereby deceiving himself. The object was apparently + a woman dressed in a long flowing robe of pure white. The features were + regularly formed; she had large blue eyes, long, auburn hair, and a light + shone about her which made every feature plain and visible to him. This + strange apparition did not speak, but pointed to Looking-Glass Mountain, + and passed her hand, extending her forefinger, as though tracing the + mountain along to where it dips down to the Roseville road. At this point + she held her finger pointing for some seconds. She then turned and pointed + to the end of Middleton's Ridge, near the river, and there + hesitated; then turned and pointed to the center of the ridge, near where + Gen. Biggs's Headquarters were afterwards located. Here she seemed + to trace two lines on the side of the ridge by passing her finger twice + back and forth. She hesitated at this point for some moments, finally + pointing to the sky as though calling attention to the stars. At this + moment Gen. Silent arose quite excited, and the strange specter vanished. + He stood for some moments motionless. He could not move, and was trembling + with nervousness. Finally he aroused himself and stepped to the spot where + the strange figure had appeared. There was nothing that could have been by + dreamy imagination distorted into such a form. He said to himself, 'I + dreamed; I must have dreamed; how could this be otherwise?' Just at + this moment he saw a sentinel walking his beat some paces away and + approached him cautiously. The sentinel challenged, and Silent went + forward and gave the countersign. He then told the sentinel who he was, + and inquired if anything unusual was going on. The sentinel replied in the + negative. Silent then inquired if he had seen nothing unusual. + </p> + <p> + “'No,' replied the sentinel, 'except that you have + been sitting on the stone under this tree for some time. I have been + watching you, as I was not aware of your business.' + </p> + <p> + “'You saw nothing else?' said the general + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir,' was the reply. + </p> + <p> + “The General then bade him good night and returned to his + headquarters, feeling pretty sure that he had fallen asleep and dreamed + while sitting under the tree. Yet he had a half lingering superstition on + the subject, and it annoyed him very much. He could not divine the meaning + of it; whether a dream or not he could not decide. He walked back and + forth in a very unusual manner. One of his staff inquired if anything had + gone wrong in the movements of the army. He said not, but inquired if all + the Orderlies were at their posts, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'I will want them very soon to take orders to the field. They + must be cautioned, also, as they will be in some danger in passing to + where they must go.' + </p> + <p> + “He then sat down and commenced dictating his orders. + </p> + <p> + “At midnight they were sent out to the different commanders. Hord + was to attack with all his force, assisted by Osterman's division, + in the morning at the earliest moment possible, and scale Looking-Glass + Mountain. Gen. Papson was to make a demonstration against the rebel + center. + </p> + <p> + “The mountain is very steep and covered with trees and underbrush. + Crags jut out at every turn all over its sides, and at the summit a high + crest rises almost perpendicular 50 or 60 feet. Around the point of the + mountain nearest the river the enemy had heavy earthworks, held by one + brigade. The ridge or crest of the mountain was held by some 7,000 men, + with many pieces of artillery. Hord's command was all on the west + side of the mountain, entirely obscured from the sight of any of our + troops who were in the town of Chatteraugus, so that nothing could be seen + except the rebels who occupied the crest of the mountain. The movements of + the enemy proved clearly that some advance was being made. + </p> + <p> + “Gens. Silent and Papson stood on an earthwork on the north side of + the town near the river, where they could plainly see all the rebel lines. + Very soon the smoke and sounds of battle were seen and heard. Osterman had + attacked the rebels in their works at the foot of the mountain nearest the + river and driven them pell-mell out of their intrenchments, killing, + wounding and capturing a great number. At the same time Gen. Gear was + pushing up the mountain, his right passing directly under the muzzles of + the enemy's guns which were on the summit, climbing over logs, + boulders and crags, up hill and down, dislodging and driving the enemy + wherever he opposed. Up and on went our brave boys to the mouths of cannon + and into the very jaws of death. Gen. Silent, addressing Papson, said: + </p> + <p> + “'General, our men must be climbing up the mountain's + side. The enemy would not fire so rapidly nor such volleys unless our men + were near them.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, I should think they would not,' said Papson. + </p> + <p> + “The fire flashed from their guns and muskets in the sunlight as + though the heavens were in a blaze. Soon batteries could be seen pulling + out and moving on the table of the mountain in the direction of the south. + </p> + <p> + “'Do you see that, Papson?' said Silent. 'They are + getting ready to retreat. See, they are sending their batteries out of + danger!' + </p> + <p> + “Papson looked, but said not a word. Soon a portion of their + infantry moved in the same direction. The noise of artillery firing could + be heard no longer, but the rattle of musketry was becoming more distinct. + The men and officers who were not in the demonstration against Middleton's + Ridge, which was not a very heavy one, were standing and looking in + breathless silence at the upper table-land of Looking-Glass mountain. + Finally our line was seen moving up the crest, the men firing as they + came, and such a yell as arose from our men in the town of Chatteraugus + was of the kind to bring joy to a patriot's soul. On they went, the + fire flashing from the muzzles of their muskets. The rebels began to + retreat, our men pressing them until they were driven entirely from the + mountain and across the valley near the old Mission House, and nearly to + the foot of Middleton's Ridge. Papson's movement against the + ridge, which was the enemy's right, ceased, and Looking-Glass + Mountain was ours. Joy was unconfined among our troops. + </p> + <p> + “The poor fellows, who were nearly starved, acted as though they + were perfectly well and hearty, although they had had but little to eat + for weeks. + </p> + <p> + “This was only the beginning of the end at Chatteraugus. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent thought the rebels would now retreat into Georgia; but + in this he was mistaken. They strengthened their line on Middleton's + Ridge and extended it across the valley to where Looking-Glass Mountain + slopes down to the road from Roseville to Chatteraugus, and there they + seemed bent on staying. Two days later, finding the enemy again preparing + for battle, Gen. Silent issued his orders for a general assault. Sherwood + at early dawn was to attack the enemy on his right and drive him back if + possible on the southern portion of the ridge; Papson was to be ready to + assault in front at the moment when the commanding General should think + the proper time had arrived; Gen. Hord was to cross from Looking-Glass + Mountain over to the Roseville road and attack his left flank. + </p> + <p> + “The morning was clear and cold. Biggs's Headquarters could be + seen on the crest of Middleton's Ridge, near the center of his line. + Gen. Silent occupied a knob or high point near our lines that had been + wrested from the enemy in a skirmish the day before. All were anxiously + waiting the assault and final result. Now and again a shot would be heard, + and then a volley. There were skirmishings occasionally in different + directions. On Hord's line, as he advanced, slight skirmishing was + kept up, and at the base of the ridge a shot would be fired in the + direction of where Papson was forming his line. Finally shots were heard + on our extreme left, then more, then a piece of artillery, then a volley, + then a battery opened, then commands were heard and the battle began. + Sherwood was moving against the enemy's right flank. + </p> + <p> + “He attacked as ordered, but found the enemy in strong force and + very stubborn. The battle continued on this part of the line without any + very material advantage to either side. At about three o'clock Gen. + Papson was ordered not to delay his attack any longer, so at this time the + movement of the whole army against the enemy commenced. Papson attacked in + double column, Gens. Anderson and Sherlin leading the assault with their + divisions. In the center, at the first assault made on the rifle-pits at + the base of the ridge, our forces were not successful, and falling back + for a short distance they readjusted their lines, changed some of the + regiments, and moved forward again to the attack. This time the movement + was as if it were machinery in motion. + </p> + <p> + “When close to the enemy a bayonet charge was ordered, and against + the foe they drove the instruments of death. The men who were in this + deadly charge will never forget it. As they came with bayonets fixed and + directed, the enemy, seeing their determination, poured a deadly fire into + their ranks. Many a brave man fell, but on the lines swept over the + trenches. Here the rebels were killed and wounded in such numbers that + they lay one across another in great numbers. The enemy fell back, giving + up the trenches to our victorious troops, and retreated to their main + works on the top of the ridge. + </p> + <p> + “Our troops moved right on up the slope of the ridge, facing a + shower of shot and shell and musketry most destructive and deadly. + Anderson and Sherlin led the way. Commanders of corps, divisions and + brigades vied with one another as to who should reach the crest first. For + a time it seemed doubtful if any of them would succeed in accomplishing + it. Our artillery was in battery playing on the enemy from an eminence on + the plateau east of the town and between the two lines. Finally the guns + of the enemy were disabled, some dismounted, and others driven from their + position. Our whole line then made one desperate effort to scale the ridge + and charge the rebel works. With a mighty shout and 'Come on boys!' + from Sherlin and Anderson, the heights were scaled, and amid sickening + scenes of blood and death our brave boys stormed and captured their + breast-works. Their center was pierced and broken. They wavered and + finally retreated down the opposite slope of the ridge. Gen. Anderson + seized one of our flags, mounted the rebel works, and held it up so that + our whole army might see it, and they did. The sight of the old flag on + the rebel works on Middleton's Ridge, filled our men with joy and + enthusiasm. They rushed forward, shouting as they went. The men who had + been shut up and nearly starved, wept with joy unspeakable. + </p> + <p> + “Sherwood now doubled the enemy's flank back until they were + retreating and falling back on the two divisions of Anderson and Sherlin, + who turned and poured volleys into their rear. The retreat of Biggs's + army now became general We captured many prisoners. Just at this moment a + rebel cavalry officer on a white horse was seen dashing down the ridge + from the direction of the rebel left. He came within a short distance of + our line and took off his hat to our troops, as if he intended to + surrender. Turning on his horse he drew a revolver and flred. The ball + struck Gen. Anderson in the right shoulder, inflicting a severe and + painful wound. Gen. Anderson turned and saw him as he escaped down the + side of the ridge. Anderson recognized him, but did not say a word. Many + shots were flred at him by the soldiers, but he made good his escape. (It + was Gen. Joseph Whitthorne, the fiend.) Gen. Anderson was taken by Jackson + and James Whitcomb (who had been by his side during the whole of the + engagement) back to the town to be cared for by the Surgeon. Gen. Anderson + inquired after Capt. Day, and upon inquiry it was found that he had been + severely wounded during the last charge up the ridge, and had been carried + in an ambulance to the hospital. + </p> + <p> + “The battle was won. No rebel flag was insight, and the Stars and + Stripes w ed over Looking-Glass Mountain and Middleton's Ridge once + more. Longpath just reached Ringgold's Gap in time to meet his + flying friends, who were in a great state of demoralization. They had been + utterly routed and broken to pieces. Our army was in great glee and full + of joy that night and for many days thereafter. The Army of the Center had + been in such bad condition for so long a time—being hemmed in and + starved—that it became necessary to go into quarters for + recuperation, and also to refit and refurnish it with horses, mules, + harness, etc. The troops were, therefore, distributed at the most + convenient points on the lines of our communications. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent, now having put Gen. Biggs and his army in a condition + of harmlessness for the season, took up his headquarters at Nashua. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning after the battle, my son Jackson left Gen. + Anderson (who was comparatively easy, for his wound, though painful, was + not considered dangerous,) to search for Capt. Day. He found him in the + officers' hospital, wounded severely, shot through the bowels. He + died that night. This was sad news to the General, for he loved him as if + he had been a brother. He was buried at Chatter-augus. His friends were + notified, and removed his remains to the cemetery near Bloomington, Ill. + He was a gallant soldier, and had been so kind to Gen. Anderson that we + all loved him. His death caused nearly as much sadness in my family as the + loss of one of our own sons. + </p> + <p> + “My son Jackson, James Whitcomb and old Ham staid close by Gen. + Anderson, doing all they could to alleviate his sufferings. There was no + suspicion as to who had shot him. One day, however, he was suffering with + a severe fever, and in a delirium remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'Jo Whitthorne is my evil genius. He intends to murder me.' + </p> + <p> + “This he repeated so often that when he was sufficiently recovered + Jackson asked him if he remembered saying this? He replied that he did + not. Jackson told him that it had aroused his suspicions on the subject. + He then revealed the secret to Jackson under the seal of confidence, as he + said it would kill his wife if she knew it. Jackson afterwards revealed + the same to me, but no mention was ever made of it by either of us. + </p> + <p> + “Old Ham was so attentive and kind that no one asked him as to his + whereabouts during the battle. Jackson, however, found him under the bed + when they brought the General back from the field. The old man said that + he had been sick all day, and got under the bed to be out of the way. When + they came back he said to the General; 'I know you be kill' + dat day or hurted bery bad, kase I dream it. De good Laud tole me so when + I sleep. No 'sputin' it, sho, for de Laud allers tells me + 'bout dese matters; and you can ax Marfa if it is not so when you go + home.' + </p> + <p> + “When the General recovered so as to think of these matters he + dictated his report to Jackson, who wrote it for him, in which he + recommended Peter for promotion, among many others, for gallant conduct, + and also recommended Orderly James Whitcomb for a Lieutenancy in the + Regular Army. These recommendations were complied with at once, and Peter + was assigned to the command of a brigade. James Whitcomb was assigned to + the 13th U. S. Inf., and detailed at Gen. Anderson's request as an + Aide-de-Camp in place of Capt. Day. The President sent Peter's + commission to me and I took it to him at Chatteraugus, in accordance with + the wish of Gen. Anderson, who desired to see me, and at the same time to + keep from his wife and our family the fact of his being wounded until he + should be able to come home. I found my sons both well and Gen. Anderson + improving when I arrived. I remained several days. I met Gen. Silent and + had several conversations with him. I found him well posted as to all + matters North as well as South. He said there was no danger of Biggs + during that Winter. He could not more than recuperate his army, and in the + Spring, in all probability, the rebel army in the center would have a new + commander, as Biggs was a great failure; that if he had moved against our + forces when he had them caged up before re-enforcements came, our army + would have been compelled to surrender. He also spoke of our danger in the + North from the anti-war party. He regarded it more dangerous than the + rebel army. If they could succeed in carrying the election the Confederacy + would by them be recognized and the Union dissolved. + </p> + <p> + “In a few days Gen. Anderson was adjudged by the Surgeon to be + strong enough to travel. He was granted an indefinite leave of absence by + Gen. Silent, who regarded him very highly as an able officer. Gen. + Anderson, myself, Jackson, James Whitcomb (now lieutenant), and Ham + started for Allentown. On arriving at home the family were overjoyed, + surprised, and grieved all at the same time—overjoyed at our return, + surprised that they had not heard of the General being wounded, and + grieved at his suffering. + </p> + <p> + “Lieut. James Whitcomb was introduced to the family, who were + delighted to see him. He left the same evening for his home in Detroit, + and we were together once more, save two sons, Peter and Henry. The + meeting between Ham and Aunt Martha was very affecting. Their manner and + queer remarks were laughable. Soon Aunt Martha came in to see her Marsa + Gen'l Tom. She hugged him and got down on her knees and prayed for + him, and then said to me: + </p> + <p> + “'Uncle Daniel, I bress de good Laud, for you bring Marsa Tom + back. I cure him, sho. I knows what to do; de Laud tell me, he do. He not + goin' to let Marsa Genl Tom die; no he not! He want him to whip de + Sesh, he do. I knows; de Laud tell me bout dat in de dream. He not fool + dis old 'oinan; he neber do. Ham, he dream 'bout dat when he + down to de fight. He say he sick when dey fight. How is dat, Uncle Daniel? + Did Marsa Tom tell you? Was he sick? He awful coward, Ham is, but if he + sick, den all right; but when he not been sick he must stay wid Marsa Gen'l + to keep he things all right. Ham say he do dat. I 'spect he do; he + say so.' + </p> + <p> + “We told Aunt Martha that Ham was all right, and that pleased her, + poor old woman. She was pure gold; God never made a better heart under any + white skin than she had under her black one. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson had the best of attention, and improved daily until + he could walk about without pain, but he was not fit for duty for a + considerable time. The two children were delighted, and were full of + questions of all kinds. One day when they were trying to entertain the + General, his little daughter asked him who shot him. I saw the tears come + into his eyes, and he arose and walked out on the porch without making any + answer.” + </p> + <p> + Just at this moment Mrs. Wilson came into the room, and Uncle Daniel took + her on his knee and kissed her, saying: + </p> + <p> + “Jennie, you are my all and only hope, save my poor grandson, that I + now have left. My time will soon come, however, when I can quietly quit + this world of trouble and care and find a home where works will have due + consideration; where those who serve in the army of the Lord will at least + be considered the equal of those who have been in rebellion against him. + </p> + <p> + “My good friends,” said Uncle Daniel, “you may think + strange of my melancholy mood; but why should I desire to live longer and + see what I do and feel as I do constantly on account of the manner in + which things are now being conducted.” + </p> + <p> + “I am not in any way surprised at your feeling as you do. I have + felt and do feel the same, though my misfortunes and troubles have not + been severe in comparison with yours,” said Col. Bush. “But, + Uncle Daniel, to call your attention away from your sorrows for a moment, + I am very desirous of knowing what became of Mrs. Houghton.” + </p> + <p> + “She remained in that part of the country during that Winter and + until our combined Armies of the Center and West commenced their next + campaign, during all of which time she kept our commanding Generals posted + as to the movements of the enemy, his strength, when troops were sent east + or west, where and how many; and when the troops were moved south in the + Spring she returned to New York, and, I have been informed, married again. + I hope she may be yet living and enjoying great happiness. She was a true + woman. I have not heard of her for many years, however.” + </p> + <p> + “She was a heroine sure,” said Col. Bush; “her movements + were of a most important character, Uncle Daniel.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, Colonel, she was a true patriot, and loved her country for her + country's sake, and I hope the Lord has thrown fortune and pleasure + in her pathway. There were a great many patriotic and daring acts + performed by women during our war. God bless the good women. To our poor + sick and wounded soldiers they were like ministering angels, both in the + camp and hospitals.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0014" id="link2HCH0014"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIV. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + SERAINE WHITCOMB'S EXAMINATION OF THE REBEL PRISONS AND + HENRY LYON'S RELEASE.—MAN'S INHUMANITY.—SERAINE WHITCOMB + VISITS THE SOUTHERN PRISON PENS.—A SAD TALE OF WOE.— + GRAPHIC PICTURE OF SUFFERING, WRETCHEDNESS AND DEATH. + + “Oh war, thou son of hell, + Whom angry heavens do make their ministers, + Throw in the frozen bosoms of our past, + Hot coals of vengeance.” + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + Uncle Daniel Lyon resumed his story by giving us a history of the + adventures of Miss Seraine Whitcomb, who, as had been discovered, was the + sister of James Whitcomb, now Aide-de-Camp to Gen. Anderson. He continued + by saying: + </p> + <p> + “Miss Seraine's journey to Richmond was accomplished by + overcoming the greatest of difficulties. The President's authority + was good at every point in and through the Union lines. But when she + reached the rebel pickets at or near the Rapidan she was placed under + arrest as a spy, and taken to the headquarters of the commander of the + rebel army. She then stated her case in a modest way, presenting the note + given to her by our President. Her story was so simple and reasonable that + she was permitted to enter Richmond in order to lay her case before + President Davis. At the same time the authorities at the rebel army + headquarters had a lurking suspicion of her on account of (as they + thought) her pretended perilous undertaking. Yet she was conducted to + Richmond, and there took lodgings at the Virginia Hotel, where she was + subjected to a constant watch over her every movement. She was in much + doubt for several days what course to pursue. There was great activity + going on in making preparations for some movement of the rebel army. She + was not permitted to leave her hotel. + </p> + <p> + “She finally wrote a note to President Davis, stating that she + wished to be permitted to have an interview with him on a matter of grave + import to her; that she was alone and under a vigilant watch; that she + thought she could satisfy him of her harmless intentions. + </p> + <p> + “To this she received a very polite answer permitting her to see him + at 11 o'clock the following day, and informing her that he would + send an escort. + </p> + <p> + “The next day, promptly at the time, an officer appeared and + inquired if Miss Seraine Whitcomb was in. She readily responded, and + directed that he be admitted. Presenting himself, he said he was Capt. T. + P. Redingson. The arrangements were soon agreed upon, and the two started + for the Executive office. The detention in the ante-room was-but slight, + before they were ushered into the presence of Mr. Davis. Seraine said he + was seated in an arm-chair, rather oldish and common. Mr. Davis rose and + greeted her pleasantly. He looked care-worn and haggard, and seemed + thoughtful; but at no time during the interview did he forget his genial, + polite manner toward her. She hardly knew what to say. After a short time + he broke the ice by asking her if he could serve her in any way. She + gained courage enough to tell him her whole story. She told him she would + not give information of any kind to any one in reference to what she might + see or hear while under his protection; that she wished to examine the + prison records for the name of her friend, Henry Lyon, who she hoped, + through his kindness, to find, and have exchanged. + </p> + <p> + “She seemed to touch a tender spot in his nature. He gave her a + letter of safe conduct through all the rebel lines, and authority to + examine the prisons and hospitals, exacting at the same time a pledge from + her that she would, when satisfied, return by way of Richmond and make a + report to him of all she should see and hear that was of interest in + connection with the prisons, the army, or other kindred subjects. With + this understanding and pledge on her part she gave him her thanks, with + many good wishes for his health. She then bade him good, good-by and + returned to her hotel. + </p> + <p> + “Capt. Redingson, her escort, was very polite to her, and promised + that he would call the next day and make arrangements for her to visit the + prisons and examine the records or rolls of prisoners in Richmond. The + next day at ten o'clock the Captain called and escorted her to + Libby. There she saw such suffering as made her almost frantic, but she + indulged in no remarks. As she passed along the pallets of rotten straw, + the tears would roll down the sunken cheeks of their occupants as she + uttered some kind word to them. The rolls did not disclose the name of the + one for whom she was in search, and she returned with the Captain to her + hotel. That night she could not sleep. She had seen that day such sights + as she had never expected to witness, and could not have believed had she + not looked upon them with her own eyes. Men eating rotten food; many, very + many, sick, sore and distressed; quite a number without sufficient clothes + to cover their persons; no blankets; no way to send word to friends; no + privileges granted, their treatment harsh and brutal. For the least + delinquency inhuman punishment was inflicted. No prospect of help or + relief of any kind. All kinds of stories were told them of disasters to + the 'Yanks,' as the rebels called the Union soldiers. It was + really a sickening sight to behold. + </p> + <p> + “The next day they visited Belle Isle, and there found the same + condition of things. After an examination of records they returned to the + Virginia Hotel. Miss Seraine then concluded to leave for Salisbury. She + asked the Captain if he would be kind enough to see to getting her tickets + and placing her properly in charge of the conductor, with such + instructions as might enable her to avoid annoyance on her route. The next + morning she was feeling dull and heavy on account of having passed a + restless night. The shadows of that which she had seen during the day were + continually before her eyes. She got ready, however, and was soon put on + the train by Capt. Redingson, who knew the conductor and explained to him + her situation and desire to avoid annoyances. Then bidding the Captain + good-by, with many thanks for his kindness, she sat down in the car to + pursue her weary journey, with many ill forebodings. She looked out of the + window over valley, hill and stream, and as she passed on through that + picturesque country her eyes fairly feasted on the majestic scenery + beautified by the pines that tower heavenward along the line of the + railroad. + </p> + <p> + “In her loneliness she could not resist the floodtide of hopes and + fears that swept through her mind—now hoping and then fearing that + she would not find Henry. If she should, would he be in the condition of + the poor, starved skeletons she had seen at Libby and Belle Isle? Could it + be possible that her lovable and gentle Henry could be so starved and + harshly treated by these people, who had been so polite and kind to her? + 'No! no!' she thought to herself; 'it cannot be.' + The train sped along, and at night she was in Salisbury. There she was + taken to a hotel of limited accommodations and worse attendance, as it was + of the character so common to that country in the days of slavery. Quite a + number of sick rebel officers, who had been sent there to recuperate, were + in the hotel. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning it was discovered that a female 'Yank' + was in the house, and, the gossips whispered 'a spy!' Miss + Seraine was unsuspecting, and acted as if she had been a mere traveler in + her own State. But very soon an officer came and sat down by her and began + a series of questions, all of which she answered frankly. She told him her + mission, and made inquiry about the prisoners there, wishing to look for + her friend, Henry Lyon. This officer left her and went to the authorities + and had her put under arrest. At this she was frightened almost out of her + wits. She wept and begged, but nothing would do but she must have her + baggage (merely a satchel) examined. This done, they sent a lady with her + to her room and searched her person. Being so much alarmed, she did not + think of her letter from Mr. Davis. This was found in her pocket and + declared a forgery, as they thought if genuine she would have produced it + sooner. Finally the conductor who had brought the train through from + Richmond returned, and finding how matters were, relieved her situation + by-explaining it to the authorities. The officers and Mayor then hastened + to make apologies for their action and afterwards treated her very kindly, + and offered her every facility for the examination desired. Her search at + the place was as fruitless as heretofore. She found the condition of + things here as elsewhere with our poor prisoners—nothing but extreme + suffering and ill treatment. It was hard for her to understand how any + civilized people could find it in their hearts to treat human beings so + barbarously. + </p> + <p> + “She left Salisbury the first moment it was-possible for her to do + so, and made her way in great sadness to Pine Forest Prison, meeting with + many perplexing things on the way. As she neared Pine Forest she became + nervous and almost sick with fear that her mission would be a failure. Her + strength and resolution all at once seemed to fail her. But on she went, + between hope and despair. En route to this horrible place, all kinds of + phantoms rose before her mind. She would first see a starved human being, + and then a wild beast pursuing him; then the butchery and murder of the + victim; so that when she arrived at the village she was almost frantic and + nearly insane. A gentleman, seeing her lonely and peculiar situation, + assisted her to a house, where she procured quarters. + </p> + <p> + “It was not until the next morning that she made known her desire to + visit the prison. The lady of the house seemed to take in the situation, + and, instead of regarding her as a spy, felt a sympathy for her and + willingly rendered her all the assistance she could. Miss Seraine told her + whole story to her, and sought her aid in making the proper investigation. + This lady, Mrs. Lawton, made all necessary arrangements for the two to + visit the Superintendent at three o'clock that afternoon. Promptly + at that hour they started, and when they entered the Superintendent's + office outside the prison-pen they were received most courteously by Mr. + Hibbard. At the same time his face wore an expression that made Miss + Seraine shudder. His movements were sluggish, his manner uneasy. She + hastened to make known to him the cause of her visit, and at the same time + presented Mr. Davis's letter. He scanned the paper very closely + without making any remark. The arrangement being made to come at twelve o'clock + the next day, they returned to Mrs. Lawton's house. + </p> + <p> + “Mrs. Lawton was kind, and readily engaged in conversation, giving + the most horrible description and picture of the prison and the inhuman + treatment the prisoners were receiving. Seraine was silent, and refrained + from expressing opinions or making any remarks save to say that she had + been treated with great kindness and consideration by the officers she had + met. Mrs. Lawton gave her to understand that she had great sympathy for + the prisoners, and that she was not entirely in harmony with the + rebellion, although she had been a sufferer by the war, having lost her + husband in the Confederate service. She said she was living there merely + to make what she could by selling things to the soldiers when she was + permitted to do so. She had a great contempt for Mr. Hibbard, then keeper + of the prison. It seems Hibbard was only there temporarily. + </p> + <p> + “Miss Seraine slept but little that night,—she was so eager to + ascertain if Henry was, or if he had been, there. Next morning she arose + early and was ready for breakfast, though she ate but little. When the + hour of twelve o'clock arrived she and Mrs. Lawton repaired to the + office of Mr. Hibbard as per appointment. They were received in a very + polite manner, and informed that a guard would be sent through the grounds + with them. They asked if he could not accompany them, as they were very + timid about passing through without his presence. He finally consented to + attend them as guide and protector. + </p> + <p> + “'On first entering at the south gate they met a stench that + almost stifled them. As they passed along they saw the prisoners in + groups, standing and gazing at them with a stare like that of maniacs. + Some were moderately well clad, others almost in a state of nudity. The + pen, for that was what it really was, was in the most filthy condition + that human mind could imagine. As they passed along they could see the + blush of shame mantle the cheek of their escort. They walked through the + center of the grounds, being the dryest and most cleanly. To describe + accurately the suffering of the men, the filthy condition of this pen, and + the ghastly looks of those poor creatures, was more than any tongue or pen + could do. They came to where a portion of the sick were lying under a very + poor shelter, and there saw sick men with but little clothing and in all + the conditions of human suffering possible. Many were covered with ulcers + from scurvy, some were sick with fever, some with their teeth dropping + out, some dying with dysentery, some with old wounds not healed, some with + fresh ones made by their brutal keepers, and nearly all were literally + swarming with vermin. + </p> + <p> + “Miss Seraine became so sick at these sights that she was almost + fainting, and asked to return to the house and be permitted to come + earlier the next day, so as not to be in the pen during the midday heat. + Her request was granted, and they left the prison. She was greatly alarmed + for fear she would find Henry among this suffering class of sick men. The + next day they entered the prison at nine o'clock, and passing around + on the north side of the grounds found many cooking and eating their + meals. There were no satisfactory conveniences for cooking. A little fire + and a few pans and cups were all. The meat, what little they had, was + broiled on coals. Many took their meal and stirred it in a cup with the + most disagreeable water ever used, and drank it down without cooking. + Hundreds had died within a few days—some from sheer starvation, as + they could no longer take the food into their stomachs; some from scurvy, + some from fever, and some were murdered by the guards for passing beyond + where ordered. How any one could live in that polluted and poisonous + atmosphere was the wonder. In the inclosure there was a dirty, swampy + piece of ground, with water stinking with filth of a character sickening + to behold. When the rain fell all were subjected to the drenching cold + bath. On the ground and in the mud and the damp they lay. Many were there + who during the prior Winter had been so exposed as to have their feet + frozen, until in many instances they were rotting off. + </p> + <p> + “These sights were so shocking in all respects that Miss Seraine was + afraid to speak, (except to say a kind word, when permitted to do so,) to + any of the unfortunate men. It seemed to her that Hibbard knew where Henry + was, but was avoiding bringing her into his presence. So she said not a + word, but looked well at all in view as she passed along. + </p> + <p> + “The punishments for any and every little breach of discipline were + of the most outrageous character. She saw many persons with their hands + tied behind them, and others standing, with their thumbs run through loops + of cords tied up to posts. The guards were insolent and were constantly + damning the prisoners. Take it altogether—their dirty, filthy food, + their mode of cooking, their scanty rations, their clothes, the stinking + water they were forced to use, the treatment of the sick, the punishments + they were compelled to bear, the dirty, vile pen they were in, and the + poisonous atmosphere they were forced to breathe, there is no account + anywhere in the barbarous ages that ever did or could equal Pine Forest + Prison. + </p> + <p> + “Miss Seraine became sick and tired of the horrible sights, and at + last said to Mr. Hibbard that she did not wish to go around any more to + look upon the suffering prisoners, but desired to be taken where Mr. Lyon + was, if in the prison. He replied that he thought he was in the main + hospital. They directed their steps thither. On entering it she beheld so + many ghastly men at one view that she recoiled, and for a moment + hesitated. Recovering herself she proceeded. While passing along she + beheld a young man with sunken eyes, pale and ashy cheeks, lying on a + board cot, so emaciated that she had no thought of who it could be. But in + a moment she heard her name whispered, and saw a lean, bony hand reaching + out towards her. She looked at him, took his cold, withered hand, and + spoke to him, asking if she could do anything for him. He said: + </p> + <p> + “'I am Henry Lyon, Seraine. Do you not recognize me?' + </p> + <p> + “She fell into Mrs. Lawton's arms, exclaiming: 'My God!' + When she revived she fell upon Henry's neck and wept bitterly, + exclaiming: + </p> + <p> + “'My Henry! my Henry! Can it be possible, can it be possible?' + </p> + <p> + “After some little conversation between them, she telling him that + all were well at home, etc., Hibbard informed her that the rules of the + prison would not allow any further interview at present.” + </p> + <p> + “What a brute,” interrupted Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Miss Seraine asked to see Surgeon Jones. She ascertained that Henry + was just recovering from an attack of typhoid fever and was now out of + danger. She obtained permission from the Surgeon to visit him daily while + she remained, and to bring him certain delicacies to eat. She then + returned to Henry and bade him an affectionate good-by, with a promise to + see him again. With a sad heart she retraced her steps to Mrs. Lawton's. + Retiring to her room she gave way to her grief and spent the remainder of + the day in tears. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0018" id="linkimage-0018"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0258.jpg" + alt="Seraine With Henry at Pine Forest Prison 258 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The following day Mrs. Lawton again accompanied Seraine to the + prison-pen. They took some wine and cake to Henry. After being refreshed + he and Seraine had a long and pleasant interview, in which Seraine told + Henry all about her trip, etc. She told him she had decided to leave soon + for Richmond, and thence for home, but would try and arrange with the + Surgeon, (who seemed to have some humanity left,) for Mrs. Lawton to visit + and bring him some nourishment. The prison and the sights beheld by her + had quite affected her nerves. On returning to Mrs. Lawton's she was + suffering with a violent headache, and, going to her room, she remained in + bed for three days. + </p> + <p> + “Mrs. Lawton was very kind. She sat by her bedside and gave her a + detailed account of her own trials. She was a daughter of a Union man, and + had never lost her veneration for her country and the old flag. Although + her husband had lost his life in the Confederate army, she had not changed + her smothered feelings for the Union. She related to Seraine the many + villainous outrages perpetrated upon the Union prisoners by the inhuman + keepers and guards of this vile den. She told graphically of seven + fine-looking young men who were brought out of the prison for attempting + to escape, and shot in the presence of a crowd of jeering devils. Said + she: + </p> + <p> + “'If a man wishes to learn of “man's inhumanity to + man,” this is the place.' + </p> + <p> + “She expressed her great desire to leave the place, as it was like + dwelling on the verge of the prison for the souls of the damned. Seraine + talked to her of her mission and what she desired to accomplish; also + asked her to keep a watchful eye on Henry, and when the time should come + for an exchange of prisoners to remind Hibbard of Henry as one to be sent + away, provided she could arrange the matter. Henry had been a prisoner now + for more than a year, and was naturally near the time for his exchange if + any one would look after the matter. After quite a delay on account of her + being taken sick again, the time came for her to leave for Richmond, and + after thanking Hibbard for his courtesy, and tendering manifold thanks to + Mrs. Lawton for her kindness and great care of her, as well as leaving + some money with Mrs. Lawton for Henry's benefit, and promising to + write from Richmond if permitted to do so, she embraced Mrs. Lawton as if + she were her mother, and with tearful eyes they separated. + </p> + <p> + “Soon Seraine was on her way to report to Mr. Davis, President of + the C. S. A., as she had promised to do, and also to effect an early + exchange of prisoners if possible. Her trip was a dreary one. She remained + as quiet as possible, having no one to cheer her on her way. On arriving + at Richmond she again stopped at the Virginia Hotel, and there again met + Capt. Redingson. He expressed pleasure at seeing her, and tendered his + services as escort and protector while in the city. After detailing some + of her experiences on her journey, and thanking him for his former + politeness, and also for his present proffered services, she requested him + to bear her compliments to President Davis and ask for an early interview, + as she had promised to return and report to him. The Captain readily + assented, and on returning that evening informed her that he would be + pleased to accompany her to the Executive Office the next day at eleven + a.m., at which hour President Davis would see her. She was very anxious + and quite nervous until the time arrived. Exactly at eleven o'clock + the next day the Captain came for her with a carriage, and very kindly + attended her to the presence of the President. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Davis met her with cordiality. He spoke to her about her + perilous undertaking, and hoped she had been treated kindly by his people. + He also inquired as to her success in finding her friend, to all of which + she responded that her treatment was kind, and her efforts were so far + crowned with success. She gave him an account of her journey and visits to + the prisons; her examination of them, and finally her success in finding + Henry at Pine Forest. She told him the truth about the prisons, the food, + raiment, and treatment of the prisoners. He answered in a manner rather + tender, and feelingly expressed his desire to have matters in this + direction improved, but regretted the impossibility of doing all things as + we might desire to have them done. He spoke of the barbarism of war and + its attendant cruelties. But he soon changed the subject, after thanking + her for her honesty and for having the nerve to tell him the truth. + </p> + <p> + “He then inquired what she desired in reference to her friend. She + asked for his release as the only means of saving his life. He responded + that he would order his exchange at once, and promised her that he should + be on the first boat or train sent North with prisoners. He also gave her + permission to write to Mrs. Lawton on this subject, provided she did not + use his name in connection with this promise. He then gave her a letter of + safe conduct through his lines and detailed Capt. Redingson to go with her + to our lines. Having accomplished the object for which she had gone South, + and reported fully and truthfully to Mr. Davis as she had promised to do, + she took leave of him with her best wishes for his personal welfare. He + bade her farewell and God-speed in a very kind and tender manner, so much + so that Seraine has ever spoken kindly of him as a man. + </p> + <p> + “She repaired to the hotel and told Capt. Redingson that she desired + to leave early the next morning for the Headquarters of the Union army. He + said he would call for her as requested, and they separated. Seraine, + after going to her room, wrote to Mrs. Lawton and inclosed a note to + Henry, merely telling him that she was well and on her way home, + encouraging him to bear up under his sufferings, etc. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning Capt. Redingson called according to his promise, + and they were off at once for the lines of the armies. On arriving at the + Headquarters of the Confederate army, they were nicely entertained by the + commanding General. They partook of a good meal and then rested for the + night, Seraine being cared for at a farm house near by. The next morning, + on being provided with a pass through the lines, they were conducted under + a flag of truce to the Headquarters of the Union army, some twenty miles + away. + </p> + <p> + “Seraine was received by the commanding General and taken care of. + Capt. Redingson, after having delivered his charge, returned with Seraine's + blessing for his kindness to her. After she had taken a rest she conversed + with Gen. Meador, who was then in command, and related to him her + experiences, at the same time keeping her promise to speak of nothing + pertaining to the Confederate army or any movements of the same. After a + night's rest she was sent under charge of an escort to Washington + city, where she stopped for several days, until she could see the + President and Secretary of War. She finally managed to have an interview + with the Secretary, and, after explaining who she was and her mission + South, he replied with some nervousness: + </p> + <p> + “'Henry Lyon' Is he a son of Daniel Lyon, of Allentown, + Ind.?' + </p> + <p> + “On being answered in the affirmative, he exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + “'My God? what affliction that family has had! His oldest son + died recently, being the third son he has lost since this war began.' + </p> + <p> + “This was the first knowledge that Seraine had of the sad distress + in the family. She sighed and dropped a tear. The Secretary at once + understood the situation, and told her Henry Lyon should be looked after + and properly cared for. She asked if, when he was exchanged, he could not + be discharged from the service. She said that Mr. Lyon's seven sons + were all in the army, and three having lost their lives, she thought one + ought to remain at home to comfort the parents during their terrible + trials. She struck a tender chord in the Secretary's heart, and he + replied: 'Yes; when he returns, you write me and it shall be done, + if he consents.' + </p> + <p> + “This brought joy to her very soul. She bade the Secretary good-by, + saying as she left that he would hear from her in due time. + </p> + <p> + “She then called at the President's and sent in his own letter + which he had given her when she started South, that she might thereby be + recalled to his memory. He sent for her at once. As she entered his office + he arose and greeted her most affectionately, calling her 'my child,' + and bidding her be seated. He commenced plying her with questions, and she + told him the whole story. When she related what she had seen in the rebel + prisons, his countenance saddened and tears fell from his eyes. He said: + </p> + <p> + “'This must be remedied somehow. Humanity revolts at + retaliation in kind, but in an instance like this it might be justified.' + </p> + <p> + “She told him what she desired, and what the Secretary had promised. + He replied: + </p> + <p> + “'My dear child, it shall be done. My old friend Lyon is + making more sacrifices than should be demanded of any one. I hope you will + see him soon, and when you do, tell him that I often think of him and his + family, as well as what they are doing for their country.' + </p> + <p> + “The President was a man of generous impulses. He had a very kind + heart, full of sympathy for humanity. + </p> + <p> + “She left the President with feelings of the deepest affection and + gratitude, having every assurance that her wishes would be complied with. + As she left, he bade her good-by, calling her his 'little heroine.' + From Washington she went to Baltimore, learning that some prisoners who + had been exchanged were to be landed there. She remained at the Burnett + House, most of the time in her room, not wishing to make any + acquaintances, but watching the papers closely to ascertain the time for + the arrival of the prisoners. One evening she learned that a vessel had + come into port with 200 prisoners. She hastened to the dock; arriving all + out of breath, and seeing the large crowd that was waiting she became very + much excited, and observing an officer in uniform she ventured to speak to + him. It was Gen. Shunk, of Ohio. She told him who she was, and also for + whom she was looking. He answered her very cordially, and said he knew Mr. + Daniel Lyon, formerly of Ohio, and inquired if the person in question was + one of his sons. She said he was, and he told her to wait and he would + see, as he was then in command at Baltimore. In a few moments he came back + with the glad tidings that Henry Lyon was among the prisoners. She was + going to rush on board the vessel, but the General detained her, informing + her that it was not allowable under the orders, but he would bring Henry + to her as soon as possible. Soon she saw Henry coming from the vessel, + leaning upon the arm of a comrade. He seemed to be very weak, and still + looked like a mere shadow. He was brought where she stood, trembling and + almost fearing to meet him lest his mind might have given way somewhat + under the trying ordeal through which he had just passed. She threw her + arms around his neck and wept aloud. A carriage was procured, and she + accompanied him, by permission, to the hospital where he was ordered to + go. Reaching there, he was placed in a nice clean ward. There they talked + matters over, and Henry agreed to the discharge from the service. Seraine + left him with the nurses, saying that she would return as soon as + possible; at the same time he was not to let his people know anything of + his whereabouts. She left that night for Washington. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning at the earliest hour that she could see the + Secretary of War, she made her appearance. On meeting the Secretary he + recognized her, and asked if she was after the discharge about which she + agreed to write to him. She replied that Henry was now at Baltimore, + having been exchanged. Then she told him of his condition. The Secretary + at once ordered the discharge made out, and as soon as it had passed + through the proper officers' hands and was returned to him he handed + it to her, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'You deserve this yourself, without any other consideration.' + </p> + <p> + “She again thanked the Secretary, and at once repaired to the + President's Mansion. When she was admitted, on seeing her the + President guessed from her bright countenance the whole story, and + congratulated her most heartily. She told him all, and showed him Henry's + discharge and thanked him for his kindness. He said: + </p> + <p> + “'May God bless you, my child, and give you both a safe + journey home!' + </p> + <p> + “Returning to Baltimore, she made arrangements to have Henry placed + in a clean car and taken to Allentown. After they were under way she told + him about the discharge, and he was delighted. She telegraphed me to mee + her at the depot, but did not say one word about Henry. I read the + dispatch to the family, and many were the conjectures. Peter said she had + not found Henry, and a great variety of opinions were expressed. My wife + burst into tears, fell down on the sofa, and cried, saying she felt that + Henry was dead. Ham, hearing what was being said, concluded it was his + turn to guess; so he began: + </p> + <p> + “'You's all off de track. Ham sees it all frough de + glass in he head, he do.' + </p> + <p> + “'Go 'long wid you, you ole fool: since you's free + you 'spec' you is big and knows a heap. You doesn't know + nuffin, you don't,' said Aunt Martha. + </p> + <p> + “'Well, alright, Marfa; 'spec' me not know bery + much; but, sho's you is born, dat boy all right; you see, you jes' + wait. I say no mo', but I see what is de matter. You jes' + wait, dat's all you got to do.' + </p> + <p> + “The next morning I went down to the depot with a carriage, and + there found Seraine and Henry waiting for me. I embraced my poor boy, + overcome with grateful emotion. My joy was complete in finding him alive. + He was a living skeleton. We were not long in driving to the house. All + were out on the portico to see Seraine, no one but Ham expecting Henry + with her. As they all saw Henry the family leaped with joy, and rushing + out to meet us, but seeing Henry's ghastly appearance a sudden + sadness came over all. We helped him out of the carriage. He was + completely overcome when he saw his mother. She clasped him in her arms + and cried piteously. He was assisted into the house and laid upon the + sofa. All seemed to have overlooked Seraine in their great joy over Henry's + return. I introduced her to each one of the family including old Ham and + Aunt Martha. + </p> + <p> + “'Didn't I see dem in my glass, Marfa; didn't I? + What you got to say now?' + </p> + <p> + “'I 'spects you did, Ham; dey is heah, sho.' Bress + de Laud; he bring dis boy home. I not see him afore dem pizen Sesh fix him + dat way! Dey starve him. What did dey do to him to make him look like dat?' + </p> + <p> + “Soon we all got settled, and after breakfast we heard Seraine's + story. She was our heroine, and no mistake. No one of us could do too much + for her. My good wife wanted to have her for a daughter at once. She could + not let her go out of her sight for a moment. She hugged her, kissed her, + seemed almost to want to take her in her lap as a child; in fact, we all + loved her. She had gone through great perils to save our dear boy, and why + not love her I For some days we did nothing but talk over her journey-ings + and what she saw and did. She was the idol of our household. When Henry + had gained strength enough to bear up under the double shock, we told him + of the death of David and James, which painful news he had not heard + before. It took him many days to rally after this melancholy intelligence + of the fate of his dear brothers. After Henry was strong enough to walk + about without help Seraine thought she must leave us for a time and return + home. This saddened our hearts, as we had grown much attached to her. But + she and Henry talked the matter over, making their own arrangements, and + the next day Jackson escorted her to her home in Michigan. When she left, + no family ever wept more in sorrow at the departure of any one than did + ours. + </p> + <p> + “There was a mystery connected with her periling her life in the way + she did that I could not then solve, but I made no inquiry into her + secret. + </p> + <p> + “Of the few left to us they were now once more nearly all together, + and further plans were in order.” + </p> + <p> + At this point Dr. Adams said, “The horrors of those rebel prisons + have ever been like a specter before me whenever I hear them mentioned.” + </p> + <p> + Judge Reed here interrupted, saying: “I indorse every word of Miss + Whitcomb's description of these prisons. I endured their horrors and + inhumanity for nine months, and she does not tell the half that might be + told. To show that Seraine's statement is not in the least + exaggerated, I have saved an article from the Sumter (S. C.) <i>Watchman</i>, + published in reference to the Florence Prison at that time, which seems to + have equaled the Pine Forest.”. + </p> + <p> + Being asked to do so, Dr. Adams read as follows: + </p> + <p> + “The Camp we found full of what were once human beings, but who + would scarcely now be recognized as such. In an old field, with no + inclosures but the living wall of sentinels who guard them night and day, + are several thousand filthy, diseased, famished men, with no hope of + relief, except by death. A few dirty rags stretched on poles give some of + them a poor protection from the hot sun and heavy dews. All were in rags + and barefoot, and crawling with vermin. As we passed around the line of + guards I saw one of them brought out of his miserable booth by two of his + companions and laid upon the ground to die. He was nearly naked. His + companions pulled his cap over his face and straightened out his limbs. + Before they turned to leave him he was dead. A slight movement of the + limbs and all was over—the captive was free! The Commissary's + tent was close by one side of the square, and near it the beef was laid + upon boards preparatory to its distribution. This sight seemed to excite + the prisoners as the smell of blood does the beasts of the menagerie. They + surged up as near the lines as they were allowed, and seemed, in their + eagerness, about to break over. While we were on the ground a heavy rain + came up, and they seemed to greatly enjoy it, coming out <i>a paris + naturalibus</i>, opening their mouths to catch the drops, while one would + wash off another with his hands, and then receive from him the like kind + of office. Numbers get out at night and wander to the neighboring houses + in quest of food. + </p> + <p> + “From the camp of the living we passed to the camp of the dead—the + hospital—a transition which reminded me of Satan's soliloquy— + </p> + <p> + “Which way I fly is hell; myself am hell, And in the lowest deeps, a + lower deep, Still threatening to devour me, opens wide.” + </p> + <p> + “A few tents, covered with pine-tops, were crowded with the dying + and the dead in every stage of corruption. Some lay in prostrate + helplessness; some had crowded under the shelter of the bushes; some were + rubbing their skeleton limbs. Twenty or thirty of them die daily; most of + these, as I was informed, of the scurvy. The corpses laid by the roadside + waiting for the dead-cart, their glaring eyes turned to heaven, the flies + swarming in their mouths, their big-toes tied together with a cotton + string, and their skeleton arms folded on their breasts. You would hardly + know them to be men, so sadly do hunger, disease, and wretchedness change + 'the human face divine.' Presently came the carts; they were + carried a little distance to trenches dug for the purpose and tumbled in + like so many dogs. A few pine-tops were thrown upon the bodies, a few + shovelfuls of dirt, and then haste was made to open a new ditch for other + victims. The burying party were Yankees detailed for the work, an + appointment which, as the Sergeant told me, they consider a favor, for + they get a little more to eat and enjoy fresh air. + </p> + <p> + “Thus we see at one glance the three great scourges of mankind—war, + famine, and pestilence, and we turn from the spectacle sick at heart, as + we remember that some of our loved ones may be undergoing a similar + misery.” + </p> + <p> + “This publication,” said Col. Bush, “made in one of + their own papers at the time, proves that all that has ever been said of + their treatment of our prisoners is true.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Uncle Daniel, “and much more.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel,” said Dr. Adams, “this Miss Seraine + Whitcomb was, indeed, a true woman, and, as the President well said, a + 'little heroine.' I take it she was rather small, from this + expression of his.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, she was rather small, but a pure jewel.” + </p> + <p> + “She was a woman of great determination, and loved purely and + strongly. There are but few instances of such pure devotion and rare + patriotism to be found in the annals of history. What feelings she must + have had while traveling through the Confederacy in such anguish and + suspense. She was a jewel, sure enough.” + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush here interrupted, saying: “The condition of our poor + soldiers in the prisons she visited must have driven her almost insane. It + certainly drove many of the poor sufferers into a state or condition of + insanity, in which numbers died in their ravings and delirium.” + </p> + <p> + “Is it not wonderful,” said Dr. Adams, “how soon these + barbarities and inhumanities are forgotten by our people?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush; “but you must remember that our + people are moving too rapidly to look back upon scenes of distress. Money + and power are now the watchwords—throw patriotism to the dogs. It is + not needed now to save their property and their rights. You must remember + that a man like Hibbard, the deputy at Pine Forest Prison, who allowed men + to be shot down like dogs and starved like wild beasts, is now looked upon + with more consideration and favor than Uncle Daniel, who gave his whole + family as a sacrifice for his country. Did not this same Hibbard travel + all through our country last Fall making speeches? Was he not received + with shouts by our very neighbors, within a stone's throw of this + dear old man, whose son was starved near unto death in Pine Forest Prison + by this man? Has he not held high positions in his State since? And I + would not be surprised to hear that he had been appointed to some Foreign + Mission, in order that he may represent our country abroad in the true + Christian spirit of our advanced civilization!” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Uncle Daniel; “when he was North on his + stumping tour I mentioned the fact of his inhumanity, and only received + jeers from those who heard me—some young students who were not old + enough to be in the war, and now feel that it must never be mentioned + except in a whisper. It seems that all the treason, infamy, and the + barbarities and cruelties practiced during that bloody period are now + condoned, and the persons who practiced the greater wrongs are made + thereby the more respectable. Oh, that I had not lived to see these + things! It makes me almost doubt my own existence. Sometimes I feel that + it is all a dream.” + </p> + <p> + Maj. Clymer, in order to draw the aged man's mind away from this + unpleasant theme, inquired if he knew what became of Mrs. Lawton. + </p> + <p> + “I cannot tell,” said Uncle Daniel; “she and Seraine + corresponded for a number of years after the termination of the war. The + last we ever heard of her she had married with an Englishman and located + in Canada. God knows, I hope she may yet be living and happy. She was a + noble woman. I fear, however, that she, too, has passed away, as we have + had no tidings of her for many years.” + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel at this time becoming weary and very melancholy, we excused + him for the present, and asked permission to return again, when he + promised that he would continue his narrative, and, bidding him + good-night, we left, with an increased desire to hear more from his honest + and truthful lips. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0015" id="link2HCH0015"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XV. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + PLOTS TO POISON AND BURN.—FIRE AND POISON.—THE PLOT TO + BURN NORTHERN CITIES AND SPREAD DISEASE.—THE SCHEME + AVENGED.—PART OF THE CHIEF PLOTTERS BURNED BY THEIR OWN + COMBUSTIBLES. + + “The earth had not + A hole to hide this deed.” + —Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + Some weeks having elapsed since Uncle Daniel was excused, we were anxious + to hear him further, and assembled again at Mr. Wilson's house. + Uncle Daniel was feeling quite well, greeted us pleasantly, and asked that + we be seated. After the compliments of the season, we inquired if he was + ready to continue his story. He replied that he was, and began by saying: + </p> + <p> + “After Jackson had returned from escorting Seraine to her home in + Detroit, we discussed the question as to what steps should now be taken. + Gen. Anderson was still quite feeble, his wound being very painful. It was + thought that it would require considerable time for him to recover + sufficiently to again be able to take the field. He thought it would, + perhaps, be several months. Jackson, after reflection, thought he would + continue his investigation of the Golden Circle conspiracy, and to do so + satisfactorily deemed it best for him to go to England and get on the + track of their allies in that country, and see what preparations were + being made abroad in connection with the leaders in this country. Gen. + Anderson thought this a good plan. Henry, who had been growing stronger, + said to Jackson, that while he (Jackson) was making his voyage of + discovery through parts of Europe, he would go to Canada as soon as he was + able to do so, and carry out the plans left unexecuted by Jackson at the + time he returned from New York. This arrangement being understood by all, + we sent Ham out to the farm, in order that Dent might be summoned to + Allentown to give us what information he had gathered, if any, during our + afflictions and consequent suspension of our operations in that direction. + </p> + <p> + “We directed Ham to bring Mr. Dent back with him the next morning. + At ten o'clock Joseph Dent and Ham arrived from the farm. As soon as + we could conveniently do so, we had an interview with Dent as to what was + transpiring in his immediate neighborhood among his friends, the Knights + of the Golden Circle. He related to us the facts in reference to a meeting + held two nights before, about which he had intended to come in that day + and tell us, if Ham had not come after him. The facts, as he stated them + to us, were these: + </p> + <p> + “A person by the name of Harris stated to his confederates that he + was just from Richmond, Va., at the same time claiming to be a member of + the Confederate Congress from Missouri. (A part of Missouri believed that + it had seceded, as you may remember, just as a few Counties in Kentucky + thought they had.) Harris had passed through the lines, coming through + West Virginia and Kentucky, as any one could have done at any time, and as + many doubtlesss did. His statement, as Dent told it to us, was this: That + he was sent by the President of the Confederate States (so-called), and + was on his way to Indianapolis to lay a plan before the leaders in this + and other States; thence he was to pass into Canada and meet the leaders + there, and in that way have prompt action and co-operation assured. His + greatest desire seemed to be to meet Mr. Thos. A. Strider, who, he said, + was one of their best and shrewdest advisers. His headquarters were to be + at Windsor, Canada. He directed the Lodge to which Dent belonged to be + ready at a moment's notice to do whatever might be directed from the + Supreme Council. He told his hearers to spread the alarm wherever they + could without being suspected, that there was to be a great destruction of + property in the North; that, he said, would terrify leading men and + property holders; and, in order to satisfy his confederates that there was + a basis for this statement, he disclosed a part of a plot that had been + proposed to Jefferson Davis and was soon to be carried out. It was that a + discovery had been recently made by a professor of chemistry, one + McCullough, by which towns and cities, and vessels coming in and going out + of our ports, could be easily burned without danger of discovery. With + this newly-discovered combustible material a general and wholesale + destruction of all kinds of destructible property was to be inaugurated. + Harris said that agents were to be employed all over the country, who were + to be selected from the members of the Knights and to be made up of the + most reliable and tried men; that this matter had been duly considered and + determined upon by the authorities at Richmond; that Jacob Thomlinson, C. + C. Carey and others were now on their way to England to meet Mr. + McCullough, who was already there, and where the destructive material was + to be manufactured and brought in an English vessel to Canada, as there + was noway of getting from the Confederate States to the place from which + they wished to operate without running the gauntlet, and perhaps meeting + with dangers not desirable to be encountered. This man Harris also + instructed all who heard him that the penalty now fixed by the authorities + in the Councils of the Knights for disclosing any of their secrets was + death, which might be inflicted by any of the Order ascertaining the fact + so that no doubt could exist as to the guilt of the person who had played + traitor to them. + </p> + <p> + “This, I could see, alarmed Dent and made him cautious and + hesitating at times when we would give expression to our utter abhorrence + of the use of such villainous means as seemed to be in contemplation by + our enemies. We constantly assured the old man, however, that he need have + no fears of any of us, which, of course, he had not; yet he was somewhat + timid. He could not tell which way Harris started from their meeting, nor + how he was traveling. This ended his recollection of Harris's + statement. We then got Dent again to repeat the signs, grips, passwords + and instructions to Gen. Anderson and Capt. Jackson, as well as to Henry, + and so they found themselves well posted. Then, thanking Dent and + encouraging him to persevere in his discoveries, we allowed him to go and + make his arrangements with David's widow about matters at the farm + and then return home. + </p> + <p> + “The next day I wrote to the President, giving him the history of + matters as detailed to us by Joseph Dent; also, the plan we had laid out + for the future. In a few days I received a note from Washington, unsigned, + merely saying, 'the plan is approved.' I knew from whom the + note came, and was well satisfied to have the plans carried out. + </p> + <p> + “The next day we received a letter from Peter, informing us that he + was well, and that the Army of the Center was in camp and were expecting a + long rest after the two great battles. This delighted my wife, as she felt + that while they were not moving, her boys were safe. By this time all + necessary arrangements had been made for Jackson's departure, and + after bidding his mother and the rest of us good-by he left for New York; + from there he expected to sail for Europe. On arriving at New York he + called upon Mc-Masterson and B. Wudd, and made satisfactory statements to + them as to the reasons for not going to Canada. After obtaining letters of + introduction to Jacob Thomlinson they proceeded to discuss the situation, + and from them he learned that preparations, such as had been detailed to + us by Dent, were evidently being made for great damage to towns, cities, + and property generally. He also obtained letters from McMasterson to some + important persons in London, where he professed to be going on some + mission for the rebels. The letters, as before, introduced Mr. Jackson, of + Memphis, Tenn. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0019" id="linkimage-0019"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0275.jpg" alt="Jackson Starts for Europe 275 " /> + </div> + <p> + “He sailed the following day and had a pleasant voyage. While on + board the vessel crossing the Atlantic he made the acquaintance of one + Capt. Redingson, a jolly, gentlemanly companion. They were very suspicious + of each other for some time, but finally Capt. Redingson gave him the sign + of the Golden Circle, to which Jackson responded. The friendship was then + at once established. Jackson carefully felt his way,—as you have + seen, he was a cautious man,—and finally discovered that Capt. + Redingson was well acquainted in Memphis. This rather placed Jackson in a + dilemma, as his letters located him at Memphis. Finally he turned the + conversation in the direction of building railroads, and finding that + Capt. Redingson knew nothing about railroads, he mentioned that he had + been employed in engineering work on the Memphis & Chattanooga + Railroad. He said he lived in Ohio, but claimed Memphis, Tenn., as his + residence, inasmuch as he was a rebel and would have nothing whatever to + do with the North while they were making war against his friends, as his + people were all natives of Virginia, he himself having been born there. + This statement made all things right, and the two had a jolly good time + together the remainder of the voyage. + </p> + <p> + “During one of their conversations Capt. Redingson, in relating some + of his war experiences, made mention of the fact that at one time, not + long past, he had met a young lady from Michigan in search of her + sweetheart, and that he had been her escort while she was at Richmond, and + through their lines to ours. At this moment Jackson told me that he came + very near spoiling everything by his agitation, but by rising and taking a + glass of water had time to recover, and then listened to the story with + great interest, asking a question occasionally. Capt. Redingson finally + took a small book from his pocket and read her name, 'Se-raine + Whitcomb,' and that of her lover, 'Henry Lyon,' and + remarked, that he intended, if ever he should have an opportunity, to find + out the history of the two, as she had impressed him very favorably, and, + in fact, had excited his admiration,—she was so gentle and frank, + and withal so brave. Jackson said at this point he again became very + thirsty. + </p> + <p> + “Very soon the conversation took a turn in another direction, and + Jackson inquired if the Captain thought there were any persons in London + looking after the interests of the Confederacy, to which the Captain + replied that Jacob Thomlinson, C. C. Carey, and one or two others that he + did not know, were there on a secret mission, the nature of which was not + fully known to him, as he had only returned to Richmond from Mexico on one + day and left under orders the next, and had to run the blockade in order + to get away. His description of the passing of our vessels in the night + out from Wilmington in a vessel laden with cotton; the darkness, the + stillness of the night, the lights on our vessels, the fear of being + discovered and overtaken, the joy he experienced when they had passed our + line and were covered by one of their fast-running cruisers (the + Susquehanna) was indeed quite graphic. Jackson said that although the + Captain was a rebel, and perhaps engaged in running the blockade + frequently, yet he was cheerful, and took everything that seemed to be + working against their success so philosophically that he enjoyed his + company, and rather liked him. During the trip Capt. Redingson learned to + like Jackson also, and made him a confidant, promising to introduce him to + many friends after they should arrive, among whom he included Jacob + Thomlinson, Carey, and many others. He finally disclosed to Jackson the + fact that he was sent by the authorities at Richmond to London and Paris + with a large amount of Confederate bonds for sale, and that he would take + Jackson with him to visit the bankers, and also get him introduced, so + that he might be admitted to some of the Gentlemen's clubs, where he + could hear much discussion pro and con about the war. It seemed that Capt. + Redingson had been across several times on business for the Confederacy. + </p> + <p> + “When the vessel reached port, and all was ready, the two went out + together, and from Liverpool to London were engaged in conversation as to + how they could best manage to enjoy themselves while in London, and at the + same time attend to the business for which they were abroad. Jackson had + satisfied the Captain that he was going more to find out how the people + there felt, and the probabilities of the English Government rendering aid + to the Southern Confederacy, for the purpose of his speculating in bonds + and stocks, than for anything else, and at the same time to aid if he + could the friends of the Confederacy everywhere; and to use all means, no + matter what, for their success. They had not noticed any of the important + points until they came within some ten or twelve miles of London, when + their attention was attracted by the church and school buildings of + Harrow, beautifully situated on a hill rising from a plain. This + celebrated institution is one of the first in the Kingdom. It was founded + in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. Many distinguished men have been educated + there, among whom were Lord Byron, Sir Robert Peel, and Lord Palmerston. + After this the Captain and Jackson took much interest in the historic + objects presenting themselves till they reached London. + </p> + <p> + “On arriving they engaged rooms at the Charing Cross Hotel. During + the next day Capt. Redingson found his friend Jacob Thomlinson and brought + him to his room. Very soon after this he invited Jackson in and introduced + him as Mr. Win. Jackson, of Memphis, Tenn., a good and true friend of the + Confederacy, who was willing to do anything to aid in making the rebellion + a success. Mr. Thomlinson received him with much cordiality, and conversed + very freely, but cautiously. He was not quite as free and easy as Capt. + Redingson. Finally Mr. Thomlinson invited them to visit him at his hotel, + 'The Palace,' near Buckingham Palace, on the following + evening, stating he would have some friends who would be pleased to meet + them. Jackson was very desirous to accept this invitation, as perhaps the + opportunity would be afforded to get some information of value, and was + consequently delighted that Capt. Redingson promptly indicated their + acceptance. + </p> + <p> + “In good season they made their toilets as if they were to meet the + Queen of England or the Prince of Wales, and set out for the Palace Hotel. + On arriving at the hotel and notifying Mr. Thomlinson of their presence, + they were ushered into his apartments, which they found were most + elaborate and elegant. + </p> + <p> + “On entering they were presented to Mr. C. C. Carey, Prof. + McCullough, and Dr. Blackman, of Kentucky. These men had the appearance of + the Southern aristocrats, except Prof. McCullough, whose manner and speech + denoted Northern antecedents. Jackson noted this particularly, and in the + subsequent conversation he learned that the Professor was of Northern + birth and education, having been, prior to 1860, professor of chemistry at + Princeton College, N. J. For a time the conversation ran on the voyage and + the many interesting places that should be visited by all travelers. + Before the evening was over, however, the topic was changed, and the + success of the Confederacy (as they were pleased to call it) became the + engrossing subject of discussion. + </p> + <p> + “Jackson was here tested and found not only sound in this, the most + interesting of all questions to them, but it was thought he might be made + very useful in assisting them in perfecting and executing their plans. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Thomlinson and Captain Redingson discussed the selling of + bonds, etc.; Thomlinson stating that the intention of the authorities at + Richmond was to have given him the bonds, but that they were not prepared + in time, as he had to leave at a certain date to escape the blockade, on + account of his previous relations with the United States Government. + Captain Redingson replied that he knew nothing about the business except + from his instructions, and he could not do otherwise than to obey them. + </p> + <p> + “After many suggestions it was finally understood that a meeting of + the gentlemen then present should be held every evening at the same rooms, + except when engagements otherwise should interfere. Capt. Redingson and + Jackson then took leave of the other parties and returned to their hotel. + </p> + <p> + “After going to their rooms Captain Redingson remarked that he + wished Jackson to stay with him and be his guest, as he feared he might + need a friend in future in reference to his business; that he desired him + to witness his transactions in reference to the sale of the bonds in his + custody. At the same time he asked Jackson if he had heard what Thomlinson + stated in reference to his (Thomlinson) being the one who was to have + placed the bonds. Jackson responded that he had. Redingson said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Jackson, I intend to deal honestly with my Government + (meaning the Confederacy) in this whole matter, and I do not intend that + these bonds in my possession shall be a missing 'Indian Trust Fund?' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson remarked, 'Why, Captain, what do you mean by Indian + Trust Fund?' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh! nothing,' said the Captain; 'it was a mere + idle remark.' + </p> + <p> + “This, however, opened a flood of light in upon Jackson's mind + in reference to matters of the past, in connection with certain frauds + upon the United States Government. He pretended not to understand the + Captain, however, and there the conversation on this subject dropped. + Jackson thanked the Captain for his generosity, but declined to accept his + offer,—that of being his guest while in London,—but said he + would remain with him as long as he could do so. They agreed that the next + day they would visit some few points of interest while resting and before + starting into business matters, and separated for the night. After Jackson + had retired to his room he jotted down what he had seen and heard, the + names of those whom he had met, etc., and at the same time he concluded + there was a chance for a fair-sized row between Jacob Thomlinson and Capt. + Redingson. + </p> + <p> + “Evidently, the latter had but little confidence in the former, and + was determined to look well to his own matters of business. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning, after they had breakfasted, a programme was + arranged and they started out in a cab sightseeing. The first place of + interest visited was the monument at Fish-street Hill, near London Bridge, + which stands as the enduring monument to London's great fire in + 1666. The next place, which is usually the first one visited by travelers, + was Westminster Abbey—the shrine of the ashes of some of the most + illustrious and greatest of England's dead. They then visited the + Temple, being next in antiquarian interest; then St. Paul's Church, + the Middle and Inner Temple Hall, Middle Temple Library, Temple Gardens, + and one or two of the principal parks. By this time they had whiled away + the most of the day, and therefore returned to Charing Cross Hotel. + </p> + <p> + “After dinner that evening they again visited the rooms of Jacob + Thomlinson and found the same friends of the evening before. After + salutations, and the ordinary chat about London and the points visited by + each, the conversation again turned on the war at home. On this occasion + ways and means were discussed very freely. The Professor and Dr. Blackman + seemed to be really fiendish in their feelings and suggestions. The + Professor was very anxious that money should be obtained at once, in order + that the plan agreed to at Richmond should be entered upon without delay, + which was, as heretofore stated, that the material was to be made in large + quantities wherewith towns, cities and other property could be easily + burned without detection. Jackson inquired of the Professor what his + combustible was, to which he replied: + </p> + <p> + “'There are but two men who have the secret; it cannot be + given without the consent of both and in the presence of both. I can,' + he continued, 'burn the city of New York in one day or night by + throwing this preparation in eight or ten places at the same point of + time, and no power can prevent its success in making destruction certain. + The person throwing it can, by a certain gauge, give himself plenty of + time to be entirely out of the sight of any one who might chance to be + near. In that way he would not even be suspected. When the explosion takes + place the flames will instantly cover an entire block of buildings. It has + been so thoroughly tested that there is now no longer any doubt of the + destructive power of the material.' + </p> + <p> + “Capt. Redingson here interposed a question, desiring to know if + this would come within the range of civilized warfare? + </p> + <p> + “'Civilized warfare!' said Dr. Blackman; 'what do + I care for the rules of civilized warfare? Have not these Yankees + destroyed our property? Are they not setting our slaves free? Is not that + destruction of our property rights?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Capt. Redingson; 'but this is + retaliation on property and persons that are not doing any injury. You + must remember that we have many good friends North, and this mode of + warfare would be the destruction of women and children.' + </p> + <p> + “'Very well,' said Dr. Blackman; 'let that be so. + If those people are, as you say, our friends, let them join in and help + us. They can stop this war if they want to do so. No, sir! they are only + pretended friends. They are after the dollar, and play between the lines!' + </p> + <p> + “Jacob Thomlinson here spoke up, saying: 'You are quite right, + Doctor; we cannot look for help from any of those people, and the sooner + we light up their cities with a grand and bright light the better!' + </p> + <p> + “'Very well, gentlemen; I was merely wishing to understand the + matter,' said Capt. Redingson. + </p> + <p> + “Dr. Blackman by this time was walking to and fro across the room + somewhat excitedly. Halting in front of Capt. Redingson, he said: 'I + presume that your Christian sentiments would revolt at my proposition, and + to which the authorities have already assented.' + </p> + <p> + “'What is that?' quickly inquired Capt. Redingson. + </p> + <p> + “'It is to spread disease in the Northern cities and through + the Northern army.' + </p> + <p> + “The Captain promptly replied: 'Well, sir, this would be a + novel way of fighting battles. I had supposed that physicians were + educated in the line of preventing and curing diseases, and not in the + practice of how to spread them.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sir! as a principle, that is so; but in a case like + this, where is the difference between shooting a man to death and + poisoning him to death?' said the Doctor. + </p> + <p> + “'Doctor, I can see a very great difference. In the one case + you fight him, giving him an equal chance with yourself; in the other, you + murder him in the most dastardly and cowardly manner.' + </p> + <p> + “'I am greatly surprised at you, sir,' said the Doctor. + 'I thought you were one of our truest men?' + </p> + <p> + “'So I am,' responded the Captain. 'But, Doctor, + we had better not discuss this matter further. I shall obey my orders; but + please excuse me from anything more than to do so in the direction of + which you were speaking.' + </p> + <p> + “During this discussion Jackson had remained silent. The Doctor, + turning to him, said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Jackson, what are your views on the subjects under + discussion?' + </p> + <p> + “To this Jackson replied that, being unacquainted with the usages of + war, he was not competent to decide, but he thought while all parties + implicitly obey orders, he did not see that individual opinions cut very + much of a figure in the operations of a great war. + </p> + <p> + “Thomlinson said that was the most sensible solution of the + question; that he presumed there were a great many questions upon which we + might all have very different shades of opinion. + </p> + <p> + “'But, Doctor,' said Jackson, 'there is a + difficulty in my mind as to how you are to carry out your proposed plan.' + </p> + <p> + “'Not the slightest difficulty, sir. I have already made + arrangements with all the smallpox hospitals of England, so that instead + of destroying or burying in the ground the towels, sheets, covers, + blankets, and under-clothing, they are all to be boxed up tightly and + covered with clean blankets and sent to an out-of-the-way place which I + have prepared. + </p> + <p> + “I am to pay for them on delivery. I have persons employed, all of + whom have passed through the most malignant forms of the disease. They are + collecting and having brought to this out-house those infected goods. When + I have a sufficient quantity of them I shall purchase a large amount of + material used by soldiers, such as handkerchiefs, stockings, underwear, + sheets for hospitals, etc., mix them with the infected goods, box them up + and ship them to the Sanitary Commission in New York by way of Canada for + distribution to the Union Soldiers, post hospitals, and sanitariums. I + shall go to the Charity Hospital Association here and get permission to + send them in their name; in fact, I have the permission now. They, of + course, do not know they are infected goods, but I have given them the + list of goods I intend to purchase, and they will give me the letter I + wish, turning the goods over to me as their agent to take them to New York + and present them to the Sanitary Commission for the Union armies. I have + given to them the name of James Churchill, of London.' + </p> + <p> + “'But, Doctor, how will you take them on board ship without + danger to the people on the vessel?' + </p> + <p> + “'Very easily, sir. There is not the slightest danger in doing + so. I will pack them inside fresh linens and blankets, with cotton and + paper outside of them, making the boxes of good material and very close in + the joints. I shall leave for New York in about one month, and I have no + fears that I will not succeed in doing great damage to the army, and also + to the members of the Sanitary Commission who handle the goods. I regard + the Commission as a set of scamps and hypocrites.' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson here interrupted, saying: 'Doctor, you seem to have + your scheme pretty well planned, and it looks as though it might be a + success.' + </p> + <p> + “This Dr. Blackman seems to have been a communicative individual, + and Jackson having sounded him all that he wished at that time, the + Captain and Jackson took their leave and repaired to their hotel. When + there the Captain walked into Jackson's room and stood for a moment + looking straight into Jackson's face. Finally, he spoke in about + these words: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Jackson, I am a rebel! I am what is called a traitor to + the United States Government. I am in favor of the whole country becoming + one universal wreck before I would submit to go back into the Union. But, + sir, I want you to remember, if you should ever think of Capt. Redingson + in the future, that his mother was a Christian woman, and taught her son + to have some of the instincts of humanity. No, sir; I am no murderer; no + city burner; no poisoner! I have listened to all these things and remained + partially silent. But, as God is my judge, I will not be a party to any of + these schemes. I will obey all legitimate orders, so far as money is + concerned, and as a soldier will do my duty; but no man has a right to + order me to commit murder or to perform inhuman acts, and I will not do + it!' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson listened to him, and then gave him his hand, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Captain, you are a man, and a gentleman, with true + appreciation of what may be justified in war, and that which cannot be.' + </p> + <p> + “The Captain said he would go the next day to see the syndicate that + was to take the bonds, and as soon as he could arrange his matters he + would leave London. + </p> + <p> + “Jackson told him he would go with him, and they parted for the + night with that understanding. + </p> + <p> + “The next day the Captain made a visit to the office of the + syndicate, where all the preliminaries were arranged. Jackson, at the + Captain's request, and in pursuance of their former understanding, + accompanied him. An arrangement was made for the Captain to meet these + gentlemen the next day at the Bank of England, where the bonds were to be + verified with papers sent by the Secretary of the Treasury of the + Confederacy. Being quite weary they did not that evening visit the rooms + of Jacob Thomlinson. After the Captain retired Jackson wrote to me a + detailed statement of all that had transpired, and directed his letter to + his mother, so that no suspicion could attach, not knowing what might + happen. + </p> + <p> + “I will digress here a moment to say that the letter was received in + the due course of the mail. The statements it contained as to the proposed + schemes were so revolting that they struck terror to my very soul. I left + for Washington the next morning. On arriving there I laid the letter + before the President. He read it and seemed to be dumfounded. He finally + said: + </p> + <p> + “'Is it possible that such men live in this day and age?' + </p> + <p> + “He sent for the Secretary of War. The letter contained a minute + description of Dr. Blackman and Professor McCullough. Certain reliable + officers were at once detailed and dispatched to New York, with proper + authority to arrest either or both of these men, if they or either of them + should chance to enter that city. The President talked freely with me + after this was done, asking me many questions about the feelings of the + people. As soon as I could leave Washington I did so. Having performed my + errand I returned home and found Henry sufficiently recovered to undertake + his promised trip to Canada, and the day following my arrival he started. + I have wandered from the subject, however, and must get back to London.” + </p> + <p> + “It is all interesting, Uncle Daniel,” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes, yes! but I must get back to London. The day agreed upon the + Captain (Jackson accompanying him), met the gentlemen of the syndicate of + the Bank of England, and then and there the bonds in the possession of + Capt. Redingson were verified and found correct according to the Secretary's + letters. The bonds taken by the syndicate amounted to several millions of + dollars, and, much to the surprise of the Captain, the syndicate had + instructions also from the authorities at Richmond to place two millions + in the Bank of England to the credit of the Treasury of the Confederate + Government, one million in the Bank of France to the same credit, and one + million in the Bank of England to the credit of Jacob Thomlinson, and the + remainder (|50,000) to be paid to Capt. T. P. Redingson. This he placed to + his own credit. He then took a statement of the whole transaction from the + bank. After giving his signature, so that he might draw for his money, he + was then ready to leave. When asked if he knew Mr. Jacob Thomlinson, he + replied that he did, and then in turn asked the bank officer the same + question. He answered that Mr. Thomlinson was well known to the bank, and, + in fact, was then in the back room in consultation with some other + gentlemen. This seemed to nettle the Captain, as he felt that he was + watched by Thomlinson. Jackson asked the Captain if he was ready to + return. He signified that he was. They took leave of all the gentlemen, + and left for their hotel. + </p> + <p> + “That evening they visited the rooms of Jacob Thomlinson. Before + starting the Captain spoke rather angrily about Mr. Thomlinson's + conduct and about the amount of money placed to Thomlinson's credit. + Jackson, being a very deliberate man, advised the Captain not to have any + discussion with Thomlinson, but to take everything for granted and to + agree to whatever plans the gentlemen at the rooms might suggest; that he + could leave the country whenever he wished, and not meet them at any point + in the United States or Canada. The Captain, with some warmth, said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Jackson, I will not meet them anywhere away from here to + assist in carrying out their murderous plots and schemes! Thomlinson has + the money to his credit, and can buy and pay for what he pleases. I will + no longer be responsible; and the fact that so much money is placed to his + credit causes me to have suspicion that these schemes, as they say, have + been indorsed by the authorities at Richmond. Now, my dear sir, if I knew + that to be true, so help me Heaven, I would renounce the whole concern, as + much of a rebel as I am. I would go to Mexico or some other country and + live. What! I, Thomas P. Redingson, a man of reputation, born of Christian + parents, assisting in spreading disease amongst poor soldiers, who are + merely obeying the orders of their Government? No, sir! no sir! never I I + do not believe that the All-seeing God will allow this infamy to prosper.' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson then said: 'Captain, let us go; they may be waiting + for us.' + </p> + <p> + “They proceeded to the meeting place. Upon entering they found all + present, and apparently feeling very much gratified at something. The + champagne was flowing freely and the conversation became quite loud. A new + face appeared in their midst. They were introduced to him. His name was + given as Dr. Mears, formerly of Washington City. In the course of the + evening it was disclosed that he was the man referred to by Prof. + McCullough as the only man other than himself possessing the secret of the + discovery of the great combustible that was to burn up the world. Jackson + excused himself from taking any wine on account of his head not being in + good condition. After many bumpers they all sat down to review the + situation. + </p> + <p> + “C. C. Carey said that the first thing now, since the necessary + money had been provided, was to ascertain what length of time would be + necessary to perfect the arrangements, as well as for Dr. Blackman to + complete his collection. + </p> + <p> + “Dr. Blackman, always loquacious, spoke up instantly, 'I will + be ready in two weeks.' + </p> + <p> + “Prof. McCullough thought it would require a greater length of time + for him and Dr. Mears to make proper preparations. He thought that four + weeks would be sufficient time. + </p> + <p> + “So it was finally decided that the three should make their + arrangements to be ready to sail within four weeks, and that they would + sail on the same vessel for Montreal, Canada. Jacob Thomlinson and C. C. + Carey were to precede them and have matters all prepared for taking care + of and storing their materials. The time was not then fixed for these + gentlemen to sail, but it was understood they should go in advance and + make all the necessary arrangements for quick and effective work as soon + as the Professor and the two Doctors should arrive in Montreal. The plan + was that agents were to be selected from their sworn friends of the Golden + Circle, who were known to be tried and true men of great daring and + courage. These men were to be placed at different points, where they were + to be furnished with the material and instructed by Prof. McCullough and + Dr. Mears on their arrival. Their operations were to be from Canada. The + agents were to operate against New York and New England towns and cities + from Montreal; also, against Buffalo and interior cities in the State of + New York from Toronto, and against Cleveland, Cincinnati and Chicago from + Windsor. + </p> + <p> + “These preliminaries having been settled, the next inquiry was as to + how the money was to be placed to defray all the expenses. Mr. Thomlinson + made inquiry as to the amount that would be required. The estimates were + made at once by Dr. Blackman for his part, and by Prof. McCullough for the + 'fireworks,' as Redingson now called them. The two estimates + footed up $109,000. Thomlinson thought that would be very extravagant. The + Professor inquired if he knew the material to be used. Thomlinson admitted + that he did not. + </p> + <p> + “Jackson saw that Redingson was regarding Prof. McCullough, with a + look of intense curiosity. Nothing was said for some moments. The silence + was finally broken by Mr. Carey saying that he thought it might be a good + plan to have one of the party who was to remain in London to have the + amount placed to his credit somewhere, so that he could act as Treasurer + for the two divisions of labor, and draw all the checks or drafts + necessary. Dr. Blackman spoke to Thomlinson, saying that he thought well + of that plan. + </p> + <p> + “'Well, gentlemen,' Mr. Thomlinson said, 'whom + will you select?' + </p> + <p> + “Prof. McCullough said: 'I do not care; I am willing that Dr. + Blackman shall act if he will do so. What say you, Dr. Mears?' The + Doctor assented, and it was so arranged. + </p> + <p> + “Jacob Thomlinson said: 'All right, gentlemen; on tomorrow I + will make the deposit, and then Mr. Carey and myself will take the first + chance for getting to Canada, in in order to make the arrangements as now + understood.' At the same time he asked Capt. Redingson when and + where would his orders take him. + </p> + <p> + “The Captain replied that he should return to Richmond as soon as he + could get through the lines. Speaking to Jackson, he said: 'I + suppose you will remain in London for the present.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' replied Jackson; 'I shall look around the + country some little before returning.' + </p> + <p> + “They all agreed to have one final meeting the next evening, prior + to separating for their various destinations. Bidding each other + good-night they left. + </p> + <p> + “Capt. Redingson and Jackson wended their way to their hotel. After + arriving at their rooms Capt. Redingson commenced the conversation. You + will notice that these two men never talked on the street, or elsewhere + than in their room. Redingson said to Jackson: + </p> + <p> + “'Did you see how loath Thomlinson was to put money in any + other hands than his own?' + </p> + <p> + “'I saw some hesitancy,' said Jackson. + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sir, he proposes to spend only what is absolutely + necessary. None of it will ever find its way into the Confederate + Treasury. He loves money equal to any Yankee. But now, Mr. Jackson, what + do you propose? Will you return to New York, or will you remain here for a + time? + </p> + <p> + “Said Jackson, 'I ought to return very soon, but I have + learned but little as yet in reference to the sentiments of the people in + England, and am thinking of remaining for a short time longer.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sir, if you have no objections, I will remain for a + time with you. I would like to see and learn more than I have about + several matters. Let us go to-morrow and take a look around. What do you + say?' + </p> + <p> + “'Very well,' replied Jackson. + </p> + <p> + “'Good night,' said the Captain. + </p> + <p> + “When Jackson was alone, he wrote again under cover of his mother's + name, without signing his own, giving full details of the plan of attack + on the cities named, agents to be employed, etc. He gave the names of + places in Canada from which the attacks with fire were to be made. + Thomlinson and Carey's headquarters were to be at Montreal; + therefore Jackson suggested that I send for Henry and put him on the + track, and for him to discover the agents so they could be arrested, etc. + This, he thought, could not be risked in a letter to Canada. Hence, I + wrote to Henry to come home. He came at once. I gave him Jackson's + letter and he studied it, making diagrams, etc., and then returned to + Canada, determined to get in with these men and learn who their agents + were, etc. I could not visit Washington at that time, so I took the + chances of a letter to the President. He received my letter and took the + proper precaution to have careful watch for the developments of the + dreadful wickedness. + </p> + <p> + “Now, let me return to the Captain and Jackson. According to their + agreement when we left them, the following morning they started out and + spent a day of great interest to them. While riding in a cab the Captain + said: 'I have a proposition to make to you, Mr. Jackson, which I + will do to-night. The more I reflect upon what certain men are going to + attempt, the more atrocious it appears to me.' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson looked at him, but with his usual caution made no response, + except that he would be glad to hear what he had to say. That night when + all the parties met at Jacob Thomlinson's rooms, as per engagement, + all were good natured and full of hope and belief as to their success and + the future triumph of the Confederate cause. In the conversation it seemed + that the Professor and Dr. Blackman had come to the conclusion that they + could be ready perhaps a week sooner than they had at first thought. Jacob + Thomlinson said: 'All right, gentlemen, the sooner the better.' + </p> + <p> + “He then revealed to them that he had that day chartered for safety + a fast-running steamer called the Will-o'-the-Wisp, to transport + them and their supplies of material from Liverpool to Montreal. The + Captain and officers were, he said, their friends, and ready to aid them + in anything. To Dr. Blackman he said: 'Take this letter; in it you + will find full instructions and memoranda, so that you can at any time + communicate with the Captain of the vessel. You had better send your + material along with some discreet person as rapidly as possible, and leave + for Montreal the first moment you can do so.' + </p> + <p> + “He also stated that he and Mr. Carey would leave London in the + morning to take passage from Liverpool to Montreal. The Messenger being + the first steamer to leave, they were going over in her. After some + further talk of no great importance, the Captain and Jackson bade good-by + to all and withdrew. + </p> + <p> + “After entering Jackson's room the Captain said: 'Mr. + Jackson, I told you last night that I could not see how the Living God + could allow such inhuman plans to succeed. Now, what I propose is this: + for you and me to remain and find if any vessel will leave for Montreal + near the time, but later than the Will-o'-the-Wisp, and that we take + passage on her and follow them. I am resolved that I will prevent this + inhuman scheme from being carried out. I do not believe that you will + betray me, therefore I tell you this. I do not now know how I am to do it, + <i>but I will do it!</i> What say you, sir? Are you a Christian man?' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson responded, saying, 'I am a man of but few words, and + therefore only say, give me your hand.' + </p> + <p> + “They elapsed hands and pledged fidelity to each other. + </p> + <p> + “'Now,' said the Captain, 'let us off for Paris + to-morrow. We will not see these men any more while here. We can watch the + papers and learn about the vessels, when they leave, etc.' + </p> + <p> + “This being agreed upon, the next day they were off. + </p> + <p> + “They visited Paris and quite a number of points of interest during + the delay of their friends in London. Finally, the Captain came to Jackson + with the Liverpool <i>Gazette</i> and showed him the advertisements. The + Will-o'-the-Wisp leaves Liverpool for Montreal, Canada, on Thursday, + ——— day of ———. + </p> + <p> + “'We must leave for Liverpool at once,' said the + Captain, and in an hour they were en route to London. + </p> + <p> + “Here they took the cars for Liverpool, and arrived the morning of + the departure of the parties with their fireworks, poisoned clothing, + etc., on the Will-o'-the-Wisp. She was a beauty—very long, + with a sharp prow. She sat in the water like a seafowl, and sped away out + of port as if she expected to attract the admiration of the immense throng + on the wharf. They soon ascertained that the Fairy Queen, a very + fast-going steamer, would leave the same evening for the same place,—Montreal, + Canada,—and at once engaged passage and went on board of her. + </p> + <p> + “During the day the Captain said: 'Mr. Jackson, you are not as + much of a talker as our friend Blackman. I do not believe there is one of + the friends whom we have met in London who could tell your full name, + where you were born, what your business is or has been, or where you + intend going.' + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir,' replied Jackson; 'I never intrude + myself upon any one. These gentlemen all seemed unreserved in their + conversation, did they not? How did they know that I could be trusted with + their secrets?' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh! they knew that I would not have introduced you unless I + knew you were all right. And they do not seem to appreciate the enormity + of what they are doing. Oh! I did not tell you the curious dream that + haunted me in my sleep last night?' + </p> + <p> + “'No,' replied Jackson; 'will you tell me what it + was?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sir. It was this: I dreamed that Dr. Mears and the + Professor had committed a murder in London, and were tried, convicted and + hanged; they were both cremated mated, and that you and I were invited to + see it; then their bodies were in a blaze like tinder, and soon became + nothing but a small quantity of ashes.' + </p> + <p> + “Jackson said that was a very singular dream. + </p> + <p> + “'But that was not all. I thought that Dr. Blackman was a + perfect sight to behold with smallpox, and that he was delirious, and + jumped into the Thames, and that you and I rescued him, took him to the + hospital, and had him attended to. I then awoke. The whole thing was so + vivid to my mind that I believed it to be true for a moment. What say you + to this? I believe somewhat in dreams, and fear that these reckless men + will get into trouble with their infernal machines, or fireworks, and + poisons. They must not be permitted to carry out their hellish purposes, + as I told you, and you agreed that they shall not do it. I will suffer + death before I will see these plots succeed and carry the guilty knowledge + on my conscience through life. I swear, if President Davis has sanctioned + this, I hope the Confederacy may sink into utter nothingness. What say + you?' + </p> + <p> + “Said Jackson: 'I agree to all, except I do not believe in + dreams.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, well, we shall see,' said the Captain. 'It + is a warning of some kind.9 + </p> + <p> + “That afternoon the vessel moved out of port in majestic style. The + steamer Fairy Queen was stylish and noted for speed. Nothing transpired to + cause any excitement until the sixth day out. They had spoken several + vessels on the voyage and found them moving on all right. On this day they + discovered a vessel far in advance of them. The Captain and Jackson were + on the deck, and concluded that it must be the Will-o'-the-Wisp. + That night they were coming close to her, when the Captain of the Fairy + Queen told them that the vessel in sight was the Will-o'-the-Wisp, + and that she was moving slower than usual. + </p> + <p> + “During the night, perhaps about two o'clock, they were + aroused by fog-horns and various noises. They arose and went out. It was + dark and the fog so dense that nothing could be seen. The fog-horns + indicated that the vessels were coming dangerously near to each other. The + running to and fro and the language of the Captain of the ship all + betokened danger. + </p> + <p> + “By this time the passengers were all up and out in so many + different garbs that it was laughable, though the danger was imminent. The + two vessels were nearing each other in spite of all that could be done by + officers or crews. Finally the Fairy Queen was turned and run in the + contrary direction from her course, and by that movement we got out of the + swing of the Will-o'-the-Wisp. All remained up, filled with alarm. + </p> + <p> + “In the morning the fog lifted, and again they could see their way. + The Will-o'-the Wisp was still in view, but seemed to be struggling. + Nearing her again they found she was crippled in some way. The Captain of + the Fairy Queen spoke her and inquired her trouble, when he found one of + her shafts was broken. The arrangement was being made to get her tow-line + and aid her on her way. Just as they were fastening it they saw a stream + of fire pour from her that looked as if the whole ocean was in a blaze. + Their vessel had to cut loose and move rapidly to save herself. The fire + seemed to leap into and out of the water, like great burning shafts, + seemingly reaching the very heavens. It would then play on the surface of + the water and reach apparently miles away. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0020" id="linkimage-0020"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0284.jpg" alt="The Burning of the Will-o-the-wisp 284 " /> + </div> + <p> + “There was no possible means by which any assistance could be + rendered. No one could live near her, nor could a vessel of any kind + approach. They could hear such frightful shrieks as would have made a + demon shudder. Finally nothing could be seen save sheets of sulphurous + flame jumping and skipping over the water as if playing with the waves. + Then all became dark, and a streak of suffocating smoke hung over the + water, as if a lake of burning brimstone was belching forth over the sea. + </p> + <p> + “All on the Fairy Queen stood aghast and looked as though stricken + with paralysis. When the dark cloud of smoke had passed away there was + nothing in sight save one small boat, perhaps a mile away. The Will-o'-the-Wisp + was gone forever, and it looked as though all on board had gone with her. + The Fairy Queen steamed up and steered in the direction of the small boat, + and found that it contained but two persons. It was found that one sailor + and Dr. Blackman had escaped by cutting loose with the little boat when + the first signs of trouble were discovered. The doctor knew what was + coming, and made away for dear life. + </p> + <p> + “When Jackson and Capt. Redingson made themselves known to him he + was greatly surprised. They then talked the matter over, and all agreed + that all the schemes of the Professor and Dr. Blackman were at an end. + </p> + <p> + “Capt. Redingson turned to Jackson, saying, 'There is my + dream.' + </p> + <p> + “Blackman said Dr. Mears and the Professor were lost, and their + great secret with them. + </p> + <p> + “Capt. Redingson asked how this fire could have occurred. + </p> + <p> + “The Doctor thought some of the Professor's material must have + ignited in some way. 'The truth is,' he said, 'the ship + was wrapt in flames in an instant. I saw this sailor jump into the + life-boat, and I followed him. We are the only ones of all on board that + are saved. The rest were all burned to death before they could possibly + get from the vessel into the sea. There has never been any such + combustible made before, and perhaps never will be again. But it is lost.' + </p> + <p> + “He seemed very despondent all the rest of the voyage. When they + arrived in Montreal and conveyed the sad intelligence to Jacob Thomlinson + and Mr. Carey, they were overwhelmed with disappointment. Their schemes + were all blasted and they were bewildered. + </p> + <p> + “Finally, after some days of talking and consulting, they concluded + to send Dr. Blackman to Richmond for instructions as to further + operations. The first news that reached Richmond of the burning of the + Will-o'-the-Wisp created great consternation. The loss of Prof. + McCullough and Dr. Mears was thought to be the severest blow they had + received. + </p> + <p> + “Dr. Blackman left Jackson and Capt. Redingson to go to Richmond, + but which way he went they never knew. Capt. Redingson took passage for + Nassau, there to run the blockade, and was never heard of again by + Jackson. I hope he is alive, as I think he was at heart a good man, full + of noble impulses. Jackson was very fond of him, rebel as he was.” + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush said: “Well, Prof. McCullough and Dr. Mears got their just + deserts; their own fireworks did the business.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, yes! but the innocent officers and crew suffered with them.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush, “but this had to be; the Lord did + not intend that such infamy should be permitted to succeed.” + </p> + <p> + “But,” said Maj. Clymer, “there was Dr. Blackman, just + as bad as either of the others; he escaped most miraculously.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush; “his material, however, was all + lost, and he had a warning against trying the same thing again. There was + no great secret in his material to be lost; but there was in the others', + and the gain to mankind was in the loss of their diabolical secret.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, what became of this vile conspirator, Dr. Blackman?” + asked Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Well, Doctor, I am sorry to be compelled, with shame, to state the + fact, but nevertheless it is a fact, that this same man, Dr. Blackman, has + been made Governor of one of the States since the war, and at the same + time his record was known by his constituents. But it did not seem to lose + him any friends with his party, but, on the contrary, seemed to help him. + Yes, yes, my friends, this is the sad phase of the whole matter. It + matters not what a man did if he was a rebel; but if a Union man, and he + did the slightest wrong, he was disgraced forever. None of the great and + inhuman wrongs are remembered against the individual rebels who violated + every instinct of humanity.” + </p> + <p> + Here the old gentleman became silent, and placing his hands over his face, + wept like a child. At length he continued: + </p> + <p> + “I, with all my sacrifices, even here at home would be thrust aside + in order that the citizens might pay homage to the men who would have + afflicted their own household with loathsome disease, and at the same time + mocked at their calamity. If God wills, let it be so. I do not believe, + however, that He is doing more than trying the Nation, to see if our + people are worthy of such a Government as ours.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0016" id="link2HCH0016"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVI. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + A HAPPY WEDDING.—MARRIAGE OF SERAINE WHITCOMB AND HENRY + LYON.—FIRE AND PLAGUE.—THE PLOTTING IN CANADA TO BURN + CITIES AND SPREAD DISEASE. + + “I did not fall in love—I rose in love.”—Bulwer. +</pre> + <p> + “After Jacob Thomlinson and C. C. Carey had recovered somewhat from + their alarm and demoralization, they spoke freely to their friends in + Montreal (and they had many there) about the burning of the Will-o'-the-Wisp, + saying it was a great loss to their interests, without specifying in what + way. In a few days Jackson, (after finding that they had invited + Valamburg, of Ohio, Strider, Bowen, and Bryan, of Indiana, for + consultation,) could remain no longer, as he would be known by Valamburg + at once. He bade his friends good-by, saying he would travel through the + West and would return if it became important to do so. He left for + Toronto, remained there a day or so, and then came to Windsor, where he + remained for several days. Finally he met Henry, who had just returned + from Montreal to Windsor, where he was known as Henry Davis. He was + introduced by Henry to one Samuel Wintergreen, who was in the employ of + the Confederacy, or, in other words, of the rebels, getting everything + ready for raids on the cities and villages in Ohio and Illinois. This man + was very shy of Jackson, but spoke freely on all subjects save what he was + himself doing. Henry and he were chums and seemed to understand each other + perfectly. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0021" id="linkimage-0021"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0299.jpg" + alt="Thomlinson and Friends in Consultation 299 " /> + </div> + <p> + “Wintergreen was from Thomlinson's town in the South, and was + fully trusted and posted by him with all their plans and schemes. The only + remark he made to Jackson was that he knew, from Mr. Thomlinson, who + Jackson was, and merely asked if he saw the burning of the Will-o'-the-Wisp; + to which Jackson replied in the affirmative. Jackson and Henry had + arranged so that they should leave for Detroit the next day. Henry + informed Wintergreen that he must visit Detroit on matters of importance, + and that he might, perhaps, be detained for some considerable time, but + that he would keep his eyes and ears open at all times during his absence. + The next morning Jackson and Henry met in accordance with their agreement + and immediately left for Detroit. Upon arriving they drove directly to the + house of Mr. Whitcomb, where they found the old gentleman, his wife, and + Seraine; James, her brother, now a Lieutenant and Aide-de-Camp to Gen. + Anderson, having some time prior left for Allentown, in order to be with + the General, where he had since remained, giving to him every attention. + While spending a pleasant evening at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Whitcomb, in + conversation, in reference to the army, Henry remarked that he longed to + be in the cavalry service once more, so that he might get even for the + suffering he had experienced at the hands of our enemies while nearly + starving to death in Pine Forest Prison. + </p> + <p> + “Miss Seraine here spoke with much feeling, her eyes filling with + tears as she said: 'I think there are quite a sufficient number of + your family already in their graves by the hands of the rebels without any + more of you taking the chances of death that must be taken in the army.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Jackson; 'and there seems to be one + less at almost every turn. I feel that my time will surely come sooner or + later, before this war closes.' + </p> + <p> + “This was uttered in such a sad and melancholy tone that Henry could + not for a moment control his feelings. Recovering, he said: + </p> + <p> + “'It does seem that our family are struggling against fate; + just think of the barbarous manner in which Harvey was killed, and see + how, recently, the fiendish bushwhackers murdered poor brother Stephen. + Would you not desire to be avenged on such wretches as these? Ever since I + heard this, which was but a short while ago, (first told me by Seraine,) I + have felt almost desperate, and certainly very revengeful.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Jackson, 'revenge is saia to be + sweet; but suppose you cannot get it, and instead of being revenged, you + lose your own life?' + </p> + <p> + “'That is not all, Capt. Lyon,' as Seraine called him by + his title; 'Mr. Henry Lyon promised me that he would not enter the + service again, but that he would stay at home and take care of his father + and mother, and I hope he will do so, and not break his promise to me. I + have periled my life for him, and would do the same again.' + </p> + <p> + “Henry clasped her in his arms and said: 'Seraine, I will do + anything for you, and now I want to say right here, in the presence of my + brother, that I am now and ever have been, ready to fulfill all of my + promises to you.' + </p> + <p> + “Seraine looked him in the face and said: 'I have never + doubted you, Henry, nor do I now.' + </p> + <p> + “'Jackson here interrupted, and turning to Henry, said: + 'What are your promises to Seraine?' + </p> + <p> + “'That she and I would become man and wife whenever she should + say that the time had arrived to have the marriage take place. Is it not + so, Seraine?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, Henry, that is true; but I have never thought that the + proper time had arrived.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said Jackson, 'if you will allow me to + suggest, I think the time has now arrived. Seraine, your father and mother + are growing old; your only brother is in the army and may never return.' + And to Henry he said: 'Our mother and father are also growing feeble + from so much grief. Mother, I think, cannot survive very much longer, and + all of us who are now left, save yourself, are in the army. From our + experience thus far the future is not full of hope. You and Seraine may + soon be all that are left of both families, except, perhaps, some one or + more of our parents. Now, Seraine, let us get your father and mother to go + with us to ALLentown, and there, in the presence of both families who yet + remain above the sod, (save brother Peter, who cannot be with us,) have + this marriage solemnized. Henry, our mother and Jennie would be very happy + over this, and so would Mary Anderson and the children, all of whom love + Seraine very much.' + </p> + <p> + “By this time the tears were rolling down Seraine's cheeks. + Henry stood looking at her, and grasping her by the hand, when Jackson had + finished, he led her into the presence of her father and mother and told + them the proposition, and asked them to consent. They gave Seraine to + Henry, and blessed them both as their children. Seraine, in answer to + Henry, thought, in consideration of the whole situation, that the time had + come, and that she would acquiesce in the arrangements as proposed by + Jackson, who was happier now than he had been since the beginning of the + war, and so expressed himself to Seraine and Henry. The next day being + agreed upon for their departure for ALLentown, Jackson repaired to his + room, leaving Henry and Seraine together to talk over the details of their + prospective marriage. + </p> + <p> + “Leaving Detroit the following morning they arrived at my house in + the afternoon and found a warm welcome awaiting them, my wife and the two + other ladies of my household doing everything to make Seraine's + father and mother feel that they were more than merely welcome. When we + were all together Jackson became spokesman, and waxed quite eloquent over + the whole affair. When he had finished Gen. Anderson cried out: + </p> + <p> + “'Bravo! Bravo! Henry and Seraine!' + </p> + <p> + “My wife drew Seraine to her bosom as she would have taken a child, + and embraced her and wept, until, from sympathy, we all were overcome with + emotion. The family congratulated Henry. The two little girls did not + quite understand it all, and began plying us with questions until we had + to explain all about it, and tell them Seraine was going to be their + 'aunty.' This delighted them, and they commenced climbing upon + Henry's lap, and questioning him about their 'Aunty Seraine,' + until finally he made his escape from the house. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0022" id="linkimage-0022"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0313.jpg" alt="Marriage of Henry and Seraine 313 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The preliminaries were soon arranged, and Mr. Whit-comb and I + procured the necessary license. I then called in our minister, the Rev. + Mr. Lowe, who performed the marriage ceremony in the parlor of our home. + We were very happy that evening in celebrating Henry's and Seraine's + wedding, and seemed to have forgotten for the time being all our + misfortunes and griefs. In speaking of Seraine's success in visiting + the Southern prison-pens and rescuing Henry, I came very near letting out + the secret kept from her father and mother about the visit of Mary + Anderson to the President in order to rescue her brother, but caught + myself in time and changed the conversation. Our minister, a truly loyal + man, was most enthusiastic over the marriage, insisting that this was just + as it should be, and at the same time expressing some surprise that it had + not taken place before. I said to him that I felt so, but had not + interfered. I had allowed the two young people to arrange the matter to + suit themselves. I must confess, however, that I was well pleased, and + certainly should never have been satisfied if Henry had not married + Seraine. No more devoted woman ever lived. + </p> + <p> + “Just at this moment Aunt Martha announced tea. We all entered the + dining-room and sat down to tea, as she called it, but found, instead, a + right royal wedding feast, which all enjoyed exceedingly. Young James + Whitcomb, who had been very quiet during the evening, though very + attentive to his mother and father, now asked the minister if he thought + it right for him to keep from his parents anything pertaining to himself + which might distress them in his absence. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Lowe replied that he thought they should know all. All turned + and looked at each other with surprise. The young man was silent for a + moment, and his great blue eyes filled with tears. He said: + </p> + <p> + “'I have never heretofore kept anything from my mother, father + or sister, and I am now fully determined to tell them all about myself.' + </p> + <p> + “We enjoyed our dinner, however, and joked Henry by telling him that + Seraine would have to look after him, as she had been doing all through + the war up to this time. + </p> + <p> + “Here Aunt Martha had to come in; we could not stop her. She said: + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, sah; dat gal takes kear of Marsa Henry. If it not done + been for her he done starved to deff, he would. Dem Sesh, dey be affer dis + fambly. Dey done kill mos' all, and am still affer you. I tells you, + dey am; I knows dem, I do. Marsa Henry, you mus' stay home wid de + folks, you mus'.' + </p> + <p> + “At this my wife became much distressed. I told Aunt Martha to stop, + which she did. Aunt Sarah then referred to Peter, saying that her dreams + were now entirely about him, and that she was sorely troubled on his + account. Ham stood near by, listening, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'No mistake, Marsa Peter all right. I see him las' + night in my head glass when I's sleep. He all right, sho'.' + </p> + <p> + “By this time we had finished dinner, or tea, and were returning to + the sitting room, when James Whitcomb took his parents out on the veranda + and told them all about his trouble, the kindness of our family, Mary + Anderson's trip to see the President, his clemency, etc.; his + present situation, and how he obtained his position. We thought that this + was a mistake, but he felt relieved, and his parents and sister, after + they were satisfied of his having done no wrong intentionally, felt that + it was the best for them to know it. We had intended it should be kept + from them, but it was now no longer a secret in my family, and it was + perhaps best that his father and mother should know all. + </p> + <p> + “The next day Mr. and Mrs. Whitcomb thought that they must return + home. Mr. Whitcomb said to Henry and Seraine that they must come as soon + as they could do so to their house and make it their home, as he and his + wife being alone at such a time it was very hard, and made them + discontented. They thanked all of us for our watchfulness over their only + son, and it seemed that they could not thank the General and his wife + sufficiently for what they had done for him. They bade us all good-by and + separated from Henry and Seraine with many regrets. + </p> + <p> + “After they had gone Jackson entertained us by a recital of his + visit to Europe, and, in addition to what he had written me, he gave us + all he had seen and heard. His recital of the burning of the Will-o'-the + Wisp was quite graphic, and excited Henry and the General very much. No + one except those who were in the secret knew what she had on board, nor + the importance to the Confederacy of the men that were lost with her. The + language used by Gen. Anderson against such fiendishness as Jackson's + statement disclosed I will not attempt to repeat. It was strong and + denunciatory, such only as men like himself, versed in letters, could + employ. + </p> + <p> + “I requested Jackson to make me a detailed report from the day he + left my house up to the date of his return, which he did. I retained a + copy of his report, and still have it. We did not call on Henry for his + report that day, but on the next told Henry that if he could leave Seraine + long enough (you know how young people are), we would like him to tell us + what he learned in Canada. I really did not suppose that he could tell us + a very great deal of interest, as I presumed he had spent much of his time + in Detroit, as there was an attraction for him in that place which would + naturally draw him thither. He said, however, that he was ready to tell us + all that he had discovered in reference to the conspiracy; that when he + went to Canada he formed the acquaintance of a Mr. Samuel Wintergreen, and + soon they became great friends, as he satisfied Winter-green that he was + ready to carry out any plan to aid the Confederacy. The passwords, signs + and grips of the Golden Circle seemed to be all that any one needed in + order to be at once recognized as a friend to those people. In Canada the + people, almost without exception, were in sympathy with the rebellion. + After traveling for quite a while he came back to Windsor, and there again + met his friend Wintergreen. Remaining there for some time and talking with + many persons without any material results, Wintergreen invited Henry to + accompany him to Toronto, and finding nothing of importance there, they + left for Montreal On arriving at Montreal they found Jacob Thomlinson, C. + C. Carey, and many other distinguished men. Wintergreen met Jacob + Thomlinson, and reported to him that his friend of whom he had written was + with him. Thomlinson asked him to come to his rooms, and to bring his + friend Davis. That evening they visited Mr. Thomlinson, and found Mr. + Carey and two other gentlemen—a Mr. Landers and Ben Wudd. Henry was + presented as Henry Davis, one of the agents under Mr. Wintergreen who was + to assist (as it was then understood) in carrying out such plans as might + be agreed upon in the interest of the rebel or Confederate Government. + </p> + <p> + “They remained together till a late hour discussing various points. + One of the topics was the great loss the Confederacy had sustained in the + burning of the Will-o'-the-Wisp, in the material, and by the death + of Prof. McCul-lough and Dr. Mears, as they alone held the secret of + manufacturing the wonderful explosive. Thomlinson and Carey insisted that + there should be no let-up, and that they must now resort to other means, + in which the other gentlemen agreed. It was thought best to try releasing + prisoners and arming them and such others as would join them, and make + portions of the North a desolate waste, as they said was now being done in + the South by the Union army. Thomlinson said in reference to releasing + prisoners that he intended in a very short time to make preparations in + Illinois for an attack on Camp Douglas, near Chicago. + </p> + <p> + “'I think,' said he, 'that will result in the + burning of the city. It is one of the worst places in the North. The + influence of Lincoln over the people there is very great, and extremely + bad for us, and that city must be destroyed by some means. If the Will-o'-the + Wisp had not been lost, Chicago would now be in ashes.' + </p> + <p> + “After some further discussion on this subject, all went their way + for the night, with an understanding that there would be a meeting of + delegates from the Northern States, called by Jacob Thomlinson, to + assemble at St. Catharines in one month from that time, where many matters + of interest would be discussed and considered. Henry and Winter-green then + returned to Windsor with the understanding that they would attend the + meeting at St. Catharines. At Windsor, Henry and Jackson met, and that + which followed their meeting I have already stated. What Henry ascertained + in Canada was only important in this, that it had opened the way for + discovering that which was important to know, which probably would occur + afterwards. I requested Henry to do as Jackson was doing,—to write + out his statement in full. After both were prepared, I sent Henry with + them to the President. He thought it a little hard to be sent so summarily + away from his bride. The President received Henry with great kindness, and + told him to inform me that the whole matter had been more skillfully and + successfully managed than anything in this line since the war began. He + also said, that he and the Secretary of War could breathe freer since they + had learned the fate of the cargo of the Will-o'-the-Wisp, and that + McCullough and M ears had their deserts. + </p> + <p> + “The President requested Henry to continue his investigations, and + especially to attend the meeting of the leading Knights of the Golden + Circle, who were soon to meet at St. Catharines, in Canada, and send + through me, without delay, his report. The President inquired very + particularly about all our family, including Gen. Anderson and Jackson. He + also desired to know what had become of James Whitcomb and his sister. + Henry explained fully about them all, and when he mentioned that Seraine + was his wife, the President shook his hand most heartily, and told him + that he was a very fortunate man. + </p> + <p> + “When Henry returned home and had sufficient time for rest we held a + consultation, and agreed to the following plan: Henry was to start at once + with his wife for Detroit, leave her with her parents, and pass over to + Windsor, and there, in company with Wintergreen, visit all places that + Wintergreen might suggest, and then go to St. Catharines to the meeting + arranged for the delegates from the Golden Circle of the Northern States; + that when he had obtained information of any value, he was to return to + Detroit, write his report in full, give it to his wife Seraine, and she + was to come in person with it to me.” + </p> + <p> + “She was a jewel,” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush; “there were but few like her.” + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel continued: “Our lines of communication now being safely + established, we were all anxious for Henry's departure; therefore, + Henry and Seraine left for Detroit, leaving all of us almost heartbroken + to be forced to give them up. But the hope of seeing them very soon again + reconciled us to some extent. The two children said they loved their Aunty + Seraine so much that they did not wish her to go away any more. After they + were gone, it now being far into the Winter—in fact, Spring was + approaching—Gen. Anderson said he felt that he could again take the + field and perform his duty without endangering his health, and therefore + must make preparations for returning to his command. We tried to dissuade + him from it, but it was of no avail, so the next day he told the family + that he should leave very soon. In the conversation he said that he had + felt all the time that there was a void in his military family that could + not easily be filled. He felt the loss of Capt. Day very much, but said he + would try James Whitcomb thoroughly and had great hopes of him. Aunt + Martha was near by and heard what was said. She immediately hunted up Ham + and said: 'Marsa Gen'l is gwine off to fight dem Sesh agin, + and I 'spect he want Ham to go, too.' + </p> + <p> + “Ham said: 'Well, Marfa, maybe he not want me any more. I's + not well; I's got dem pains in de knees and de breas' and de + shouldars and de stomach. What is it dey calls dem pains?' + </p> + <p> + “'Rumatiks, you ole fool; doesn't you know nuffin'?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, Marfa, I not know nuffln'; you know I doesn't. + I 'spect you better told de Gen'l, Marfa, I's sick. I go + off and die wid dem pains, den what you do, Marfa? You be all by yerself, + and don't you see dat won't do, Marfa. No, indeed, dat won't + do.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, now, Ham, I's not goin' to tell Marsa Gen'l + no such way as dat. No, sir. Ham, you jes' got to go wid de Gen'l; + dat's what you do, so you needn't be tucken sick jes' + for to skeer me, kase I know you, Ham. You no get kill. No, sah, no + danger; so you jes' go, dats what you do.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Marfa, jes' as you say. If you say Ham go, he + goes, dats all; but de good Laud love you, Marfa, I's powerful sick, + sho'.' + </p> + <p> + “'No you isn't; you play dat afore. I knows you, Ham; + you knows I do. You jes' stop dis rumatiks and go wid de Gen'l, + dat's what you do. When did you get sick? I not hear it afore. You + not sick. Let me see you walk.' + </p> + <p> + “Old Ham hobbled off and Martha laughed at him. This nettled the old + man and he straightened up and said: 'Well, I guess I's not + bery bad, but I's not well, all de same.' + </p> + <p> + “I came up to them, and nothing more was said. + </p> + <p> + “I told Ham to go out to the farm and ask Joseph Dent to come into + my house in the morning. His sickness all left him and he did the errand. + The next morning Dent came in with Ham and we interrogated him on the + question of his friends and what they were doing. He said that two days + prior to this they had a meeting and were notified that they must change + their name to the 'Sons of Liberty'; that the object of their + organization was becoming too well known, and that they could not operate + any longer under their old name. This was being done all over the country + and in Canada. He also stated that Thos. A. Stridor had ordered them to + send delegates to Indianapolis secretly, in order to assist in appointing + delegates to go to St. Catharines, in Canada, in a few days, to consult as + to the best means to be adopted to aid their friends, as they had met with + a great loss. They had lost a ship and a valuable cargo, as well as their + most important men who were to operate in burning cities. This was so true + of what had occurred that we no longer had any doubt as to their certain + communication one with another, as well as their perfect organization. + This was all they did at that time. We excused Dent, and he returned home. + </p> + <p> + “That evening at tea my wife (Aunt Sarah) said to Jackson and the + General that she wished Peter to come home. + </p> + <p> + “'But,' said Jackson, 'mother, you must remember + he has been promoted, and is now a Brigadier-General commanding a brigade, + and he cannot very well get away. He might lose his command by leaving.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said his mother, 'I want to see him. I am + dreaming about him whenever asleep, and I feel there is something sure to + happen to him. I have seen all the rest of you who are alive, and I want + to see him.' + </p> + <p> + “Here Jennie broke down and cried, remembering the death of her poor + husband when mention was made of all being present who were then alive. + Jackson spoke to Jennie and his mother and quieted them. We all repaired + to the sitting-room and talked over Gen. Anderson's returning to his + command. This was Saturday evening. So he instructed Capt. Jackson and + Lieut. Whitcomb to be ready on Monday morning, as they would then leave + for Chatteraugus. They were well pleased with the General's + determination. His poor wife was depressed, and said she felt as though he + had made so many narrow escapes that perhaps he might not escape again. + But grief and sorrow had been such constant visitors at our house that we + were all prepared for almost anything, and always looking for the worst. + We enjoyed ourselves, however, as best we could until Monday. Jackson took + in the situation, and kept us interested by giving accounts of many things + seen and heard by him in England. This was very interesting to us, but + more especially to the ladies and little girls. + </p> + <p> + “On Monday they left for their command. The parting with the family + was one of those affecting scenes natural under the circumstances. When + poor old Ham bade good-by to all, after kissing Aunt Martha, his wife, he + turned to my wife and Mary Anderson, and said: 'You need not to cry + no mo.' I be 'sponsible for de General and Capt. Jackson.' + </p> + <p> + “This was too much for Mary Anderson. Although weeping, she could + not restrain a smile, nor could the others; but Ham was in good faith, + poor old man. + </p> + <p> + “After they had gone I felt keenly, and drove out to the farm, and + there spent the rest of the day with Joseph Dent. He, however, knew + nothing more than he had disclosed to us, about which I have already + spoken. On returning in the evening I found all the family very lonely and + solemn. They felt the loss of that portion of our family who were + compelled to leave. Our little children climbed upon my knees and talked + and chattered about their Uncle Henry and Aunty Seraine, as well as the + General and Jackson, but 'Aunty Seraine' seemed to be the + favorite. I did the best I could to gratify them by trying to answer their + questions. Some two weeks had passed in this way when one morning I was + notified to meet Seraine at the depot. I did so and brought her to the + house. When the very hearty and affectionate greetings were over, and the + two poor little girls had gotten through climbing on Seraine and asking + her questions, which she did the best she could to answer, she gave me a + paper which was Henry's report, accompanied by a good letter from + him, stating that he would come soon himself. This was not signed. + </p> + <p> + “I carefully examined his report, and was almost dumfounded at some + of his statements; but he had gone into such minute details and given such + indubitable proofs that no one could for a moment doubt. Henry said that + on his arrival again at Windsor he met Wintergreen, and after + preliminaries were arranged they traveled about the country from one town + to another, until the time had arrived for the assembling of the prominent + friends of the rebellion at St. Catharines in accordance with Jacob + Thomlinson's request. They started for that place, and on arriving + stopped at the Victoria Hotel, where they met a great number of persons, + strangers to both, but well known in the Circle. Henry, on recovering from + his prison starving and sickness, had grown quite stout, and was so + different in his appearance from what he had ever been prior to his + recovery that his own acquaintances would not have recognized him, + therefore he did not feel that he was in any danger of being detected. He + had heretofore claimed to Wintergreen that he was from Parkersburg, W. + Va., and having been raised near there in Ohio could speak quite + understandingly of the country thereabouts, as well as about a number of + people. + </p> + <p> + “On Wednesday, being the day fixed, quite a number of men from + different parts of the country assembled. Quite a large room in the rear + of the Victoria Hotel had been procured, in which the gentlemen were to + meet, and Wintergreen, having been designated by Jacob Thomlinson for that + purpose, notified the various delegates of the time and place of meeting. + When all were assembled each one was required to give the signs, grips and + passwords of the Golden Circle, or the 'Sons of Liberty,' as + the name had been changed within a few days from the Knights of the Golden + Circle to the Sons of Liberty. Henry did not find the slightest difficulty + in being recognized, as he had perfected himself in all the signs, grips + and passwords of the order in his travels with Wintergreen. + </p> + <p> + “After Jacob Thomlinson, Mr. Carey and their committee were + satisfied as to those present, they were called to order and seated in as + regular a manner as would have been done in any deliberative body, by Mr. + Valamburg, of Ohio, who, in taking the chair, said that as Grand Commander + of all the Sons of Liberty in the United States, Canada and the Southern + Confederacy he desired to occupy the time of the delegates for a few + moments, in order that he might explain the object for which they had met. + The assembling at that place, he said, was in order to be without the + jurisdiction of the United States; that while together and out of the way + of danger they were to deliberate in reference to matters that were best + calculated to effectively aid the Southern people, who were struggling for + an independent constitutional government; that the Government of the + United States had become intolerable in its oppressions and tyranny. He + made a long speech, presenting a list of abuses by our Government against + the Southern people, and urged the necessity for aid to the South at once, + in some way that would be most potent. When he took his seat he was loudly + applauded by all his hearers. In this meeting were B. Wudd and McMasterson + from New York, Mr. Woodsen and Mr. Moore from Pennsylvania, Valamburg and + Massey from Ohio, Dan Bowen and Dorsey (who was a substitute for Thos. A. + Strider) from Indiana, N. Judy Cornington and a Mr. Eagle from Illinois + (both from Chicago). Other States were represented—Missouri, + Kentucky, Iowa, Wisconsin, Maine and Massachusetts; but Henry did not give + the names of the delegates from those States. + </p> + <p> + “Many propositions were discussed. Jacob Thomlinson gave the full + details of what Prof. McCullough and Dr. Mears were preparing to do; their + loss by the burning of the Will-o'-the Wisp; also, Dr. Blackman's + proposition and the loss of his goods, and he now wanted to see what could + be devised as substitutes. All of the representatives present seemed to + deeply deplore the loss to the Confederacy of the secret only known to the + men who went down with the Will-o'-the Wisp. + </p> + <p> + “Jacob Thomlinson explained that he had been instructed by the + authorities at Richmond to lay several matters before this or any meeting + they might have of representative men from the North. It was desirable to + have these matters fully understood, so that the friends of the South in + their meetings could commit all who were willing to aid the South in + carrying out the various propositions. First, he would lay the message of + President Davis on only one important subject before this meeting. It was + dated January 13, 1863, and was in reference to the Proclamation of + Emancipation by Mr. Lincoln. Thomlinson said: + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Davis claims that “by it the negroes are + encouraged to general assassination of their masters by the insidious + recommendation to abstain from violence unless in necessary self-defense. + Although our own detestation of those who have attempted the most + execrable measures recorded in the history of guilty man is tempered by + profound contempt for the impotent rage which it discloses so far as + regards the action of this Government on such criminals as may attempt its + execution, I confine myself to informing you that I shall, unless in your + wisdom you deem some other course more expedient, deliver to the several + States' authorities all commissioned officers of the United States + who may hereafter be captured by our forces in any of the States embraced + in the proclamation, that they may deal with them in accordance with the + laws of those States providing for the punishment of those criminals + engaged in inciting servile insurrection.”' + </p> + <p> + “At the conclusion of the reading of this extract loud cheers went + up for Jeff Davis. Jacob Thomlinson continued reading: + </p> + <p> + “'On the first day of May last the Confederate Congress passed + a series of resolutions. The fourth resolution declares that every white + person, being a commissioned officer, or acting as such, who during the + present war shall command negroes or mulattoes in arms against the + Confederate States, shall be deemed as inciting servile insurrection, and + shall, if captured, be put to death. The seventh resolution declares that + all negroes and mulattoes who shall engage in war, or shall be taken in + arms against the Confederate States, or shall give aid or comfort to the + United States, shall, when captured in the Confederate States, be + delivered to the authorities of the State or States in which they shall be + captured, to be dealt with according to the present or future laws of such + States.' + </p> + <p> + “After reading the message and resolutions, he said that in order to + understand the full scope of both, it would be proper for him to state + that the laws of all the Southern States for the crime of inciting servile + insurrection fixed the penalty of death, so that the meaning of the whole + proposition is, that any white man commanding negroes or mulattoes, who + shall be captured, shall suffer death, and it will be the same when + negroes or mulattoes are captured in arms against the Confederacy. With + this explanation he submitted these documents, which were all printed and + distributed in confidence, and in this way Henry was enabled to give the + whole proceedings. Mr. Valamburg decided that the proposition might be + debated, and on this being so determined, Dan Bowen, of Indiana, arose and + made a most inflammatory speech. He said he was born in Virginia, and + would stand by her in her trials. He was in favor of Jeff Davis's + message, and not only so, but would favor the hanging of any white man who + would lead negroes against his Southern friends, and would sustain them in + any measure of punishment that they might adopt in such cases. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Eagle, of Illinois, made quite a speech on the same line. He + was from Kentucky originally, and was for the South getting their rights + at any cost. He said: 'Let blood flow like rivers, sir. Yes, sir; + let fire rain upon Northern cities, and let the destruction of property + become general, if necessary to produce the desired result. You must make + the Northern people feel poverty, sir, if you wish to succeed. They care + more for their property than for their lives. You must touch their pockets + and then you touch their hearts. They are a fast-going people. I would + just as lief as not they would know after the war is over, if it ever is, + that I was in this meeting. No matter how the war may terminate, they will + forget it all in a month, especially if times are good and money shall be + plenty.' + </p> + <p> + “This caused a great laugh, and the speaking ended. The question was + taken and decided unanimously in favor of the proposition. None but + delegates were allowed to vote. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Carey then presented his views, which were that their Northern + friends must encourage raids and guerrilla warfare in their own States, + and that they must commence it themselves. Burning must be resorted to + when it could be done. He said that it had been so managed at Camp Chase + in Ohio, by their friend, the Grand Commander of the Sons of Liberty, that + a great many very excellent Confederate officers had made their escape, + and were ready at any time to take command of men whenever their friends + were ready, and that those officers were brave and fearless men ready to + undertake any kind of enterprise or daring exploit. He did not look for + any more foolish expeditions like the one made by Gen. Morganson. That it + was not successful is easily understood. The Southern people were in too + great haste in trying raids by large bodies of men where there were no + lines of escape or retreat.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Col. Bush; “they counted their chickens + before they were hatched.” + </p> + <p> + “I think they were stale eggs,” said Capt. Inglesby. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Carey said,” continued Uncle Daniel, 'We have now + entered upon a system of small raids and destruction of property, so as to + be very effective. And although we fear that we cannot repair our loss in + the kind of material we had secured and had on board of the Will-o'-the-Wisp, + yet we may, by good management, in some degree compensate for it, and, in + order that you may understand how we propose to operate, I will read to + you the order of the Secretary of War of the Confederate States to one J. + C. S. Blackman, the brother of Dr. Blackman, whose poisoned goods were + lost on the Will-o'-the-Wisp. The order is dated Richmond, 1863, and + signed J. A. Seddon, Secretary of War, C. S. A., authorizing Blackman to + enlist a company of men, not to exceed fifty in number, for special + service on the Mississippi River. In lieu of pay or other compensation + they are to receive such percentage of the value of all property of the + United States or loyal people destroyed by them as may be awarded by an + officer selected by the Department in charge of such duty, but in no case + to exceed fifty per centum of the value.' + </p> + <p> + “Carey said that under this order it was understood as soon as + Blackman should enlist twenty-five men for this purpose he was to receive + a commission in the provisional army without pay. This commission was for + his protection in case he should be captured. Said he: + </p> + <p> + “'We are now issuing quite a number of these commissions, and + much good has already resulted. Blackman has destroyed a great quantity of + property on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. A man by the name of J. G. + Beall, who holds a like commission, has destroyed a great amount of + supplies and other property on the Chesapeake. He is near here now, has a + vessel, and is recruiting men for the Sons of Liberty in New York city, + with a view of running over to St. Albans, in Vermont, and is not only to + destroy property, but is to terrify those rich old Vermont Yanks out of + their wits. It is by such means that we must alarm the Northern + property-holders into peace measures and into voting the anti-war ticket. + This is the only sure way to success, in my opinion.' + </p> + <p> + “They all laughed and agreed that a St. Alban's raid would be + a splendid thing, as the old Yankees would do anything to save their money + and property. Mr. Carey continued: + </p> + <p> + “'I think Mr. Beall is known to Mr. Wudd and Mr. McMasterson.' + </p> + <p> + “They both replied that they knew him well, and he could be relied + upon to do whatever he should undertake. + </p> + <p> + “'Now,' said Mr. Carey, 'the prisoners at Camp + Douglas, near Chicago, Ill., and at Camp Chase, in Ohio, must be released. + Mr. Thomlinson has the money to pay all expenses. Cannot you men in the + Northern States assist in this? Can you not get up organizations such as + Blackman and Beall have done? The Richmond authorities will pay the same + percentage for the destruction of all property necessary for the use of + the army, as they do Blackman and Beall. Why, gentlemen, crops enough + might be destroyed in one night by a simultaneous move to very badly + embarrass the prosecution of the war.' + </p> + <p> + “A man by the name of Burnett H. Yonkers, who was present, said he + would undertake to release the Camp Douglas prisoners if the gentlemen + here from Chicago would render their assistance, to which the gentlemen + replied that they would give any aid in their power; that already there + had been arms sufficient for this purpose secured by Thomlinson and placed + in the hands of a friend in Chicago by the name of Wall; that if Mr. + Yonkers should go to Chicago on that business he should stop at the + Richmond House and inquire for Mr. John Wall, Mr. Morris Buckner, or + either of the gentlemen present; that any of the clerks of the Richmond + House would know where to send for either of the persons mentioned. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Walters, of Arkansas, being present, (the same that Gen. + Anderson met in Colestown, Ill.,) and being one of the chief Organizers, + was asked in reference to the condition of the Sons of Liberty. He said he + had been traveling for more than a year in the Northern States. He had + never been molested, nor had he been questioned as to his business. He had + organized thousands of Lodges and found the friends—that is to say, + the common people, who connected themselves with the order—ready and + willing to act at any time, and willing to do anything that was required. + The only trouble he found was in the cowardice of the leaders. To + illustrate what he meant, he said: 'I came from Indianapolis here. + Thos. A. Stridor promised me faithfully that he would be here, but you do + not see him. He is the one man of all others in the West who is expected + to advise and suggest.' + </p> + <p> + “Dan Bowen here interrupted, saying: 'Strider has been at + work. He has been in Washington, and has sown seeds of dissension in the + army; has created jealousies between the Eastern and Western commanders, + and produced much trouble on account of the Emancipation Proclamation.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Col. Walters, 'that I believe to be + true; but why is he not here? I see he sends a substitute; is he afraid? + Mr. Eagle was correct when he said the people of the North will forget all + about the war in a month, if you will only give them a chance to make + money. I can go into any city and proclaim myself in sympathy with the + rebellion, and no one will molest me. If we should fail, and our cause go + down, it would not be one year before Jeff Davis would be invited to + attend agricultural shows North, so as to draw a crowd and increase the + gate money.' This caused great laughter. 'I want now to ask my + friend Bowen why his friend Thos. A. Strider is not here.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said Bowen, 'I cannot say. I had hoped + that he would be here, but I find he is not.' + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Eagle, who seemed to be rather sarcastic, said he understood + Strider was compelled to stay at home on account of a cow case in which he + was employed. They laughed at this, and then proceeded to business. The + propositions and suggestions were all indorsed, and many promises made on + the part of each one present as to the part he would take in the matter + when he returned home. + </p> + <p> + “Jacob Thomlinson said to Mr. Yonkers that he wished him to remain a + day or so longer, as he desired to confer with him about the prisoners at + Chicago. He then made quite an address to those present, saying the + success of the Confederacy depended largely upon their friends in the + North; that if the war continued two or three years longer the supply of + men and money would fail. All their available men were in the army, and + there was now nowhere whence they could draw recruits. Their friends in + the North must wake up and help. They had friends enough in the North to + make the Confederacy a success in six months, if they would only come up + to the work manfully. “'Let our friends do as our friend Carey + suggests, get up raids, organize companies for spoils; this is seductive + and calculated to gather in young men. We will release our men who are now + prisoners and turn them loose full of fiendish revenge, and alarm our + enemies into peace measures. You who are our friends in the North must go + home determined to carry the next election. This is important. If we can + defeat Lincoln at the next Presidential election we are safe. The + watchword must be that the war has been a failure; that the North cannot + subdue the South; that foreign countries are ready to recognize the + Confederacy, which will involve the United States in other wars; that the + people are being taxed unmercifully; that the war should stop and the + unbearable taxation cease. Your next Democratic platform should start out + with the proposition that the war has been prosecuted only for the freedom + of the negroes, and not for the Union, and that their freedom can only be + maintained by the Union armies being entirely successful, and that during + years of horrible, bloody war the Government has failed to conquer the + rebellion and must continue to fail. Do this, and stand by it with a good + candidate, and you must succeed. I would suggest that you take your + “Little Napoleon,” General Mac, for your candidate. He is + exceedingly popular with the soldiers of the East, and with the people + also, as I am told. The sympathy will be with him, having been relieved + from the command of the Eastern armies because he could not whip us, which + was no fault of his, as none of their commanders will succeed in doing + that on our own ground. We were foolish to undertake an invasion of the + North. But no matter, we will soon make up for this. If you will take up + Little Mac there will be no trouble in your giving him the nomination, and + then one united effort on the part of our party will send him into the + White House. If he can be elected that will end the war, as he is a peace + man and a Democrat. We would then have another advantage. Many of the + officers of the Union army of the East do not believe in our subjugation, + and are bitterly opposed to the Emancipation Proclamation. Some of them + have large commands. For instance, there is Gen. Farlan, who is a friend + of mine of long standing; he is violently opposed to the Lincoln + administration, and would at once favor a cessation of hostilities. So + also is Gen. Smite and General Cross, both leading Generals. I may also + mention Gen. Fitzgibbon. He has been ready for some time to stop the war, + because he is thoroughly satisfied that we have been wronged and + oppressed. He is in favor of putting Little Mac in as President. He would + be ready for peace on our terms, which would be to withdraw the Union + forces and let us alone. We have been robbed of our property, but should + we gain our independence we care nothing for this, as we would reclaim our + slaves, such as have not been stolen by the Abolition army. This, + gentlemen, is what we desire and expect you to aid us in securing. If + these things all fail us we will, in our desperation, make the homes of + many of your Northern men miserable and desolate.' + </p> + <p> + “When he was through with his suggestions they all cheered him, and + each one, by short speeches, pledged a faithful adherence to the + Confederacy. When they adjourned it was to meet again at some place in + Canada to be named by Jacob Thomlinson, and the representatives to be + notified by Mr. Valamburg. They separated with three cheers for the + Confederacy.” + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams said: “I am desirous of knowing if Jacob Thomlinson and + Mr. Carey are the same persons whom your son Jackson met in London?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes; they are the same men who were engaged in procuring explosives + and poisoned clothes, of which I have heretofore given you a full account.” + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush asked if this man Blackman, who took out a commission in order + to depredate and plunder, is still living? + </p> + <p> + “Yes, he is not only living, but is now holding one of the highest + positions in the United States, as a Reformer.” + </p> + <p> + “What?” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes, sir, as I once before have stated, his brother, who was to + distribute poisoned clothing to our soldiers and in our hospitals, was + made Governor of one of the adjacent States, and this marauder has been + given one of the highest and most honorable positions. But why? You look + surprised, Doctor. Has this not been so ever since the war? The most + desperate and reckless men have been given the highest places by the + opponents of the war, while our people, many of them, are only too glad to + find something against one of our good soldiers as an excuse for laying + him aside as useless furniture.” + </p> + <p> + Said Maj. Clymer: “Valamburg is dead, I believe.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes; he shot himself accidentally soon after the war, and died of + his wound.” + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel proceeded by saying: “I made my arrangements to leave + for Washington at once, in order to have this information in the hands of + the President as soon as possible. I requested Seraine to remain with the + rest of the family until I should return, as I might wish to send some + word to Henry. When I arrived at Washington and called upon the President + I told him the reason I had not visited him recently, and why I had sent + my son with the last report. Our afflictions had been severe and my wife + was in such a condition, both in mind and body, that I really feared to + leave her, except under very extraordinary circumstances. The President + was very glad to see me and very grateful for what my sons were trying to + do for our country He asked after the health of my family, Gen. Anderson, + and all of whom he knew as in any way a part of us, and the poor man + seemed almost as much grieved over our misfortunes as myself. He seemed to + be full of hope, however, and spoke to me very freely about the war and + our chances of final success. + </p> + <p> + “He strode across the room and, turning to me, said: 'We are + now on the right road, I think. I have rid myself of some of those + Generals that we spoke about when we last met, and I intend to be rid of + them for the remainder of the war. If they want dictators, and will not + obey the President, they will have to organize outside of the army. I have + now a new commander for the Army of the East who seems to be doing well. I + hope he may continue as he began. He won the battle of Gotlenburg and + broke the rebel army to pieces. 'I think,' said he, 'that + Gen. Meador should have followed up his victory; but perhaps not. If he + should not exactly fill the bill my eye is on a Western man who seems to + know what he is about, and I think of bringing him East and giving him + control of all the armies; but I will determine this later.' + </p> + <p> + “I then gave him the statement made to me by Henry. He read it over + carefully, and in an excited manner ordered a messenger to go for the + Secretary of War. He soon arrived, and after greetings the President + handed the statement to the Secretary. He also read it carefully. They + then discussed the matter, and concluded to order an additional force to + Camp Chase, relieve the commandant, and place a more careful and efficient + officer in his place. This was done by telegraph, with a warning to the + new commander to look out for an attempt to release the prisoners. + </p> + <p> + “The Secretary said to the President: 'The rebels are + desperate, and since they lost their shipload of explosives and poisoned + clothes, with their two friends who were to carry out their plans, they + are determined to attempt something else equally desperate, and we must + look for raids, fire and plunder. By the way,' said the Secretary to + me, 'that was rather a nice thing your son Jackson did in finding + out all their schemes in London. Had it not been for his discovery we + never would have known the desperation and infamy to which those men were + driven.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the President. 'Mr. Lyon, is he your + eldest son now in the army?' + </p> + <p> + “'I have but two left in the army—Jackson and Peter. The + latter you promoted for gallantry at Middleton Ridge. Jackson is now my + oldest son in the service.' + </p> + <p> + “'Mr. Secretary,' said the President, 'you will + make out a commission for him as Brigadier-General, and give it to Mr. + Lyon to take home with him as an evidence that we appreciate the services + of his family, and especially Jackson's great service in this most + important matter.' + </p> + <p> + “I was visibly affected. The President saw it as he stood by a + window for a moment. I arose and thanked him. He said: + </p> + <p> + “'No, the obligation is the other way.' + </p> + <p> + “Just then a dispatch was handed the President, stating that quite a + number of prisoners had escaped from Camp Chase. He gave it to the + Secretary, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'I guess we were a little late in removing the commander of + Camp Chase; it ought to have been done sooner. Mr. Lyon,' said the + President to me, 'we will have to watch those fellows. They are + doubtless up to some game.' + </p> + <p> + “He asked me to keep Henry in Canada if I thought he could do good + by staying there. I promised him to do so, and after getting Jackson's + commission and bidding the President good-by I left for home, feeling + gratified at the recognition given me. Arriving at home, I found my wife + better, and when she found that Jackson had a commission as + Brigadier-General she seemed so happy that we felt that she would entirely + recover. + </p> + <p> + “I placed Jackson's commission in an envelope with a letter + explaining how the President came to promote him. When the boy returned + from the post-office he brought me a morning paper containing an account + of Beall's raid on St. Albans, Vt.; how he had sacked the town, + robbed the banks and alarmed the people. I said to Seraine, 'There + it is! They have carried out the first part of their program, and we will + soon hear of trouble in all the prison camps. I regard this as the + beginning of desperate work.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Seraine; 'Henry was very sure that + they were desperately in earnest; but I thought, perhaps, the warning we + had given to the President might save any further disaster in that + direction.' + </p> + <p> + “Seraine remained about a week longer, and then left for Detroit. I + sent a letter to Henry, directing him to remain in Canada as long as + necessary to find out when, where and how they were to move and operate. + My poor wife was soon taken ill again, and was quite feeble and almost + helpless for some weeks. Aunt Martha was constantly by her bedside, + waiting on her, as well as trying to entertain her with her curious + interpretations of dreams and her experience while in slavery. My friends, + this did not last a great while. More sorrows soon came to us.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0017" id="link2HCH0017"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + MOBS IN THE NORTH.—LAWLESS VIOLENCE AND OUTRAGE BY REBEL + SYMPATHIZERS.—THE CLASH OF ARMS.—BATTLE OF THE CHAPARRAL + BETWEEN GEN. SILENT AND GEN. LAWS. + + “One day thou wilt be blest, + So still obey the guiding hand that fends + Thee safely through these wonders for sweet ends.” + —Keats. +</pre> + <p> + “After the battle of Middleton's Ridge some rest for Papson's + troops was indispensable. As soon, how-ever, as it could be done + consistently with the condition of things, Gen. Silent issued orders from + his headquarters, then at Nashua, to Papson and Sherwood for a disposition + of the troops to be made so as to protect the lines of communication + between Louis City, Nashua and Chatteraugus north, and from Chatteraugus + to Bridgeton, Huntersville and De Kalb west. This distribution was + speedily made. The enemy was in no condition for serious offensive + movements, and contented himself during the Winter with a continuous + harassing of our troops whenever found in squads or small commands not + sufficiently strong to make effective resistance. + </p> + <p> + “Near Huntersville a man by the name of John Cotton, with somewhere + between fifty and one hundred men, was constantly raiding small corrals + where only a few guards were left to watch them. His business seemed to be + to steal mules and wagons, being one of the parties operating under a + contract to plunder for fifty per cent, of the property so taken. He had + the same authority and character of commission from the authorities at + Richmond as Blackman and Beall, of whom I have heretofore spoken. During + the Winter this man crossed the Little Combination River near Painter's + Rock, and made a raid on Gen. Chas. Ward's corrals. Ward had been + notified of the intention of John Cotton by a Union man named Harris, who + resided near Huntersville. Gen. Ward had a company of infantry under cover + near the corral, and about midnight Cotton made his appearance. The men + who were watching for him remained quiet until he was near the corral, and + then fired a volley into his raiders, killing three and wounding ten. They + then rushed at Cotton, and he, with nine of his men, were taken prisoners. + The wounded were cared for and the dead buried. The next day Gen. Ward + organized a drumhead court-martial and tried those captured who were not + wounded. The nine men claimed to have been forced into the service by + Cotton, and were sent to Nashua and put to work, under sentence. John + Cotton was treated differently. He was not troublesome again during the + time that our troops remained at Painter's Rock. The understanding + South and North among the friends of the rebellion was that raids were + again to commence whenever they could be made at all advantageous to our + enemies. + </p> + <p> + “The Knights of the Golden Circle, or 'Sons of Liberty,' + began to be open and bold in their utterances and their villainous work. + In New York they aroused their friends and got up mobs of such magnitude + that they could only be suppressed by withdrawing troops from the field to + operate against them. The recruiting offices were mobbed, offices and + papers burned, and the officers brutally beaten; houses were set on fire + in great numbers and destroyed. Many large stores were broken open and + plundered by the mob. All helped themselves to dry goods, clothing, + jewelry, watches, and whatever they discovered. Innocent men were brutally + murdered in the streets. Women were driven from their houses and insulted + in every possible way. Hospitals and asylums for orphans were plundered + and burned, and the poor, helpless inmates driven into the streets. + Children were clubbed and brained by brutes for no other reason than that + they were colored. Wounded and sick soldiers were thrown on the sidewalks + and left without aid or assistance of any kind. Poor negro men were taken + from hacks and wagons and hanged to lampposts. In one instance a poor man + was cut into halves as if he were a slaughtered beast. Men were sent from + Canada, employed by Thomlinson and his co-conspirators, to come to New + York and aid in this inhuman butchery.” + </p> + <p> + “My God! What brutality and inhuman cruelty! It does seem impossible + that such things could have transpired in a civilized community!” + said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” continued Uncle Daniel, “it would really seem so. + Yet these things did not only take place, but were carried on here in the + North by the anti-war party, and were well known by all who were old + enough at the time to understand matters; but they are now forgotten. Why, + sir, mob violence was resorted to in many places. Inflammatory speeches + were made in every community where they would be tolerated. Our people + were alarmed everywhere in the North, and were preparing for great trouble + at home in the absence of the army. Indiana was stirred up to white heat. + Many outrages were perpetrated on the State soldiers who returned home on + a furlough, and in many instances they were murdered. One old man by the + name of Banty, who had two sons in an Illinois regiment—they being + residents of that State at the outbreak of the rebellion—was tied to + a tree in the woods some distance from home, and remained in this + condition till rescued by his wife. It became so intolerable that troops + were held at Indianapolis for protection to the city and country. The + Governor, as well as other citizens, were threatened: + </p> + <p> + “In Ohio the same condition of things existed. Camp Chase was about + to be attacked. Troops had, of necessity, to be sent for the safe keeping + of the prisoners. + </p> + <p> + “At Coleston, Ill., the Knights of the Golden Circle attacked a + squad of Union soldiers, who had just returned home from the army on + furlough, and killed seven of them. In one county further south in + Illinois, the name of which I have forgotten, there were quite a number of + soldiers killed in secret. A man by the name of Geo. Akers, who had once + been Sheriff of the County, but at the time of which I am speaking was the + Head Center of the Golden Circle in that part of the country, was so + strongly suspected of having soldiers quietly 'put out of the way,' + that a search of his premises was made by a Provost Marshal, and in his + mill, which was on his place, were found many suits of Union soldiers' + uniforms, evidently taken from dead bodies. He was put in prison, but was + aided to escape by his brother conspirators. In the same County a soldier + by the name of Stacks, while home on a furlough, was called to his own + door in the night and shot by one Honeycliff. I give these instances + merely to have you understand the feeling and determination of the men in + the North who sympathized with the rebellion, to aid it in all ways and by + any means, no matter how foul or vile.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel,” said Col. Bush, “I know about Akers and + the cases you mention in Illinois, as I was sent there at that time with a + battalion to look after those fellows, and you do not tell one-half the + trouble there was in that part of the country.” + </p> + <p> + “No, I presume not; I only remember these facts in regard to matters + in that State that fastened themselves irrevocably upon my mind.” + </p> + <p> + Said Dr. Adams: “It seems incredible that such things could have + happened in the North, where the same men now claim to have been loyal + then.” + </p> + <p> + “But, Doctor,” said Col. Bush, “all these things did + occur, though they are now forgotten by many, and our young people, who + know very little about the war, except such things as they may gather from + imperfect and distorted histories, doubt the truthfulness of these facts, + being unable to understand why traitors should go unpunished. Why, Doctor, + many of the men who were harassing and alarming the people then as Knights + of the Golden Circle, are now the leading men in the communities where + they were then the most offensive to Union people and disloyal to their + Government. They have so managed as to be at the front politically, and if + affairs continue as they are now, and seem tending, very soon the same men + will claim that they put down the rebellion. They have already deceived + many by their self-assertion. You see, Doctor, the policy of not allowing + ourselves to speak of the war nor any of its concomitants, leaves the + young people in ignorance of what we suffered during its existence.” + </p> + <p> + “That is true, I am sorry to say,” replied Dr. Adams; “but + we who do know all about it should teach the present and coming + generations these very important facts. The difficulty is, however, that + when you undertake it many people insist that they wish to forget all + about it, and that they do not want their children to know anything of its + horrors. But, Uncle Daniel, please continue what you were telling us.” + </p> + <p> + “The Richmond authorities,” said Uncle Daniel, “had + detached a portion of Biggs's command under Gen. Brice, some 20,000 + strong, and sent them into Missouri, where they had made the homes of many + Union people desolate, and spread terror throughout that State and a + portion of Kansas. Brice had organized bands of marauders and + bushwhackers, as they were termed, in the same way and under the same + character of agreements as made with Blackman and others. Quartel's + and Stringfinder's bands were the most destructive to life and + property, murdering Union men as they moved, and making the country a + desolate waste through which they passed. The smoke rising from houses, + barns, etc., could be seen in every direction. It could well have been + termed 'a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night.' + </p> + <p> + “At the same time the rebel cruisers were a terror on the high seas. + The Alabama, the Florida, and the Shenandoah were a dreaded scourge among + our merchantmen. Our commerce was being driven from the seas and passing + under the flags of other countries. + </p> + <p> + “'All these things were very discouraging to the loyal people + of our country, and at the same time greatly encouraged the rebels and + their allies and friends in the North. The demagogues of the anti-war + party traversed the whole country, haranguing the people, preaching peace + and crying high taxes, and insisting that the war had so far been a total + failure, and that it would not be any better in the future. In fact, they + were carrying out to the letter that which had been suggested by Valamburg + and his friends at St. Catharines, in Canada, at the meeting about which I + have heretofore spoken. Many of our best men had to return home from the + army for a brief period and canvass as stump orators before the people, in + order to quiet their apprehensions and fears as to the chances of our + ultimate success.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Capt. Inglesby, “I well remember the very + great anxiety then amongst our people. I returned home about the time + mentioned, and the question was constantly asked me if I thought we could + ever suppress the rebellion. All our successes during the Summer and Fall + before seemed to have had only a temporary effect upon our people. In + fact, they were easily discouraged during the whole period through which + the war was continued.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, Col. Bush, that is easily accounted for. We left behind us an + element nearly or quite a majority; certainly so in many parts of our + country North, which was constantly decrying the war and the means which + were being used against the rebellion. Their constant talk in the same + direction could not help having a great influence, especially on the minds + of weak men, aud in many instances on those whose nearest and dearest + relatives were in the army taking the chances of their lives; and, as you + all well know, these pretended friends to our faces were in their hearts + wishing and praying for the success of our enemies.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, that is true; and it was strange and hard to understand at the + time, as these same people could have gained nothing by the success of the + rebellion. They lived North, and would have been equally despised by the + rebels (if they had succeeded) as a part of the Yankee Nation.” + </p> + <p> + “Doubtless that would have been so, but it was not particularly the + love that they had for the rebels or their cause, but their hatred for the + party in power. They had been in power so long, that being ousted by the + voice of the people made a number of the leaders who had lost in the + political contest feel a desire to see the people who had beaten them lose + in the contest against the rebellion. They had said so many bitter things + against Mr. Lincoln and prophesied war and final separation between the + slave and free States, that they were willing to see the country destroyed + in order to be considered among the people as wise oracles and political + prophets; so that they made it their interest politically that the + rebellion should succeed. Many people were followers of these men in all + the States North. Out of this feeling grew and prospered the Knights of + the Golden Circle, or Sons of Liberty.” + </p> + <p> + “Well, gentlemen,” said Dr. Adams, “I agree with all you + have said; but I am growing somewhat impatient to again hear Uncle Daniel.” + </p> + <p> + All were again listeners, and Uncle Daniel proceeded: + </p> + <p> + “I was speaking of the alarming condition of the country and the + dangers that were menacing peaceful citizens, as well as their property. I + became very much alarmed for the safety of the two families left in my + charge. I sent a letter to Henry to come with his wife and make my house + his home for the present. He and Seraine came at once, and were willing as + well as happy in remaining with us for a while, Seraine feeling satisfied + that, as her parents were two such quiet people, no harm could come to + them. After the excitement and confusion created by the delight in the + household over their arrival subsided, Henry took me aside and related his + experience since leaving home. + </p> + <p> + “He said that he remained quietly in Detroit for some time at his + wife's home. Then he went to Windsor, and there learned that the + people of the Confederacy were very much disheartened, but were making a + desperate effort to harass the armies of the Union, without fighting great + battles, until their armies were recuperated and filled up with new + recruits; that the plan was for their friends to confuse and excite the + Northern people, just as they were doing. He stated Jacob Thomlinson's + plans just as they were being literally carried out. After these plans + were well on the way in the direction of being fully executed, C. C. Carey + left for Richmond, and Jacob Thomlinson for London, accompanied by Mr. + Wintergreen, who was to act as his private secretary. On separating from + Carey the understanding was that they would remain away from Canada until + the political canvass for President had well advanced and until after the + nominations by both parties had been made. During their absence they were + to ascertain what new plans were being executed and what new schemes could + be put into operation during the Fall and Winter following. Henry said the + one mentioned was the only one matured, and that was being carried out. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent had now been promoted and ordered East, and Gen. + Sherwood put in command of the Center, with orders to make a campaign + South, pushing and pressing the enemy at every point possible. This + movement was to and did commence at the earliest possible moment in the + Spring following. Simultaneously with this a movement was made in the East + against the capital of the Confederacy. + </p> + <p> + “One evening, a few days prior to Gen. Silent's departure for + the East in pursuance of his orders, while walking out on the bank of the + Combination River a short distance from Nashua, as the shadows of night + were quietly gathering about him, a form seemed to stand before him, + which, from its appearance and the flowing white robes in which it was + arrayed, he at once recognized as the strange specter that had appeared to + him while sitting on a stone beneath a tree at Chatteraugus. Gen. Silent + was startled for a moment, but stood still with eyes fixed upon the + apparition. Finally a light, beautiful and dazzling, shone around the + figure. He did not move. It approached him, saying in a subdued, soft and + melodious voice: + </p> + <p> + “'Gen. Silent, you have been selected to forever wipe out the + crime of slavery. This can only be done by suppressing the rebellion now + in progress against your Government, which must be completed within + fourteen months from this day or all will be lost. Start East at once; + take no rest with either of your great armies until this is accomplished. + All is with you. The matter is exclusively in your hands.' + </p> + <p> + “After speaking thus, the specter disappeared and all was still. He + stood for a moment, bewildered. When he had collected his thoughts he + turned and walked rapidly to his quarters, which were at the Nashua House. + He entered his room and sat for some time in deep meditation. While at + Victor's Hill he had thought of moving his army across to Mobile, + and thence to Savannah and North to the rear of Richmond. He was not a + superstitious man, but at the same time was forced by what he had seen and + heard that night to consider well that which seemed to be before him. The + condition of the armies of the Union, and also that of the rebels, was + taken in at one grasp of the mind. The East and West were carefully + considered, and a plan seemed to be placed before him that would certainly + be successful. The whole question of the suppression of the rebellion + seemed to be disclosed to his mind, and indelibly photographed thereon, as + if in a vision from on high. He could see his Army of the West and Center + combined under one commander, making their way against obstinate + resistance to the sea; and then coming north to the rear of Richmond, + breaking the shell of the Confederacy as it marched. At the same time he + saw the great rebel army of the East, under Laws, in Virginia, melt away + before him, driven, demoralized, and finally captured. This all seemed to + be a dream, and yet it was the true method to pursue in order to put down + the rebellion. These things were at once firmly fixed in his mind, and + thus he would undertake to bring success, should he be selected as the + commander of all the armies of the Union, as had just been indicated to + him. + </p> + <p> + “Just then a rap was head at his door. 'Come in,' was + the response, and Gen. Anderson entered. Gen. Silent met him with great + cordiality and asked him to be seated. They conversed for some time on the + subject of the war and the probabilities of success. + </p> + <p> + “Finally Gen. Anderson said: 'General, this war can be + concluded in but one way, and that is by desperate fighting. The armies on + both sides are made up of Americans, each believing they are right, and + numbers and endurance will finally determine the contest, provided our + people do not become alarmed at the constant cry for peace by the Northern + Golden Circles and other sympathizers with the South.' + </p> + <p> + “'That is true,' said Gen. Silent; 'I feel more + bitterness towards those Northern croakers and sympathizers than I do + toward the rebels in the South, who take their lives and put them in + chance for what they believe to be right. Wrong as they are, they are + better men than those who are behind us trying to discourage us, and to + encourage the rebels, without the nerve to fight on either side.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said Anderson; 'I fully agree with you. + Allow me to ask at about what time will our Spring campaign begin?' + </p> + <p> + “'At the very first moment that we can move on the roads in + safety. I am now sending Sherwood with what troops are within his call + from Victor's Hill east to Meredith, breaking railroads, destroying + bridges, etc., so that when we commence our movements in the Spring, Biggs + will have no line save the one due south or east. We will then force him + into the extreme South or cause him to make a junction with the army in + the East, under Laws, where our Army of the West and Center must pursue + him. The destruction of the two great rebel armies must be our task. This + done, the rebellion will be at an end. This must be accomplished within + the next fourteen months; sooner if we can, but within that time we must + succeed, if at all, and I have no doubt whatever of a final triumph. The + Almighty is only permitting the continuation of this struggle in order + that the people shall become thoroughly satisfied with the destruction of + slavery. Whenever that time comes He will give our enemies over into our + hands.' + </p> + <p> + “'Gen. Silent, your faith is certainly very strong.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; I am now thoroughly convinced in my own mind that + within the time mentioned our enemies will be at our feet. I am going + East, where I am ordered by the President for some purpose. I intend to + lay my whole plan before him and urge its adoption, believing that if + followed the rebellion will end as I have stated. Would you like to go + East, Gen. Anderson, if I should wish you to do so?' + </p> + <p> + “'I would certainly not disobey your orders, Gen. Silent, but + I have a good command, and one with which I am well acquainted, and + perhaps I would be of more service by remaining with it than by taking a + new one. I did have a great desire to be ordered East when I was sent + here, but the reasons for that desire do not now exist.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson then, in confidence, related to Gen. Silent what had + transpired at McGregor's headquarters the evening after the battle + at Antler's Run, which astonished Gen. Silent. He sat for some time + without making any remark. Finally he asked if the President and the + Secretary of War had this information. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson replied that they had. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent smiled, but said not a word. The conversation on this + subject then dropped. Gen. Silent inquired if he believed in dreams. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson answered in the negative; at the same time he said he + had heard on one or two occasions of very strange dreams, and one + especially that he was watching closely to see if it would turn out in + accordance with an interpretation given to it by a person whom he well + knew. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent then asked him if he had ever seen anything that he + could not understand or account for. + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir,' replied Gen. Anderson. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent said no more, and it then being quite late they + separated. Gen. Silent left early next morning for the East. As soon as he + could reach Washington he appeared at the Executive Mansion and had an + interview with the President, when he was informed that he had been + ordered East with a view of putting him in command of all the armies of + the United States. He did not exhibit the least surprise at this, but at + once proceeded to lay his plans before the President and Secretary of War. + The plans were the same as suggested by him to Gen. Anderson. After + careful consideration they were approved. + </p> + <p> + “The President told Gen. Silent he now should have the full support + of the Government, with supreme command, and that the President would hold + him responsible for the suppression of the rebellion, and expect that the + enemy would be dispersed at an early day. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent replied that the rebellion would end within fourteen + months. + </p> + <p> + “'Why fourteen months? Could you not say twelve?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, sir,' replied Silent; 'I put it fourteen. I + hope to see it accomplished at an earlier date, but within this time it + will be done.' + </p> + <p> + “'Gen. Silent, I have a strange reason for saying twelve + months,' and the President laughed at the idea of having a + superstition about dreams, 'but, General last night I had such a + curious dream that I must tell it to you. I thought a strange man appeared + in the presence of the Armies of the West, riding upon a large brown + horse, and that where-ever and whenever he appeared the armies were + successful; that this strange man would disappear without uttering a word. + This same strange man had appeared at the East, and at his appearance the + rebel armies laid down their arms and sued for peace. In my dream peace + was restored, but it lasted for only a short time; the citizens of + Maryland and Virginia conspired together and swept down upon Washington, + captured the city, burned the Government records, and murdered many of our + leading men, amongst whom was yourself. What do you say to this, General? + Can you interpret it?' + </p> + <p> + “'No, Mr. President, I cannot. I do not allow myself to think + but very little about dreams. They certainly can be nothing more than the + wanderings of the mind during sleep. But, Mr. President, since you have + taken me into your confidence I must confess that I am sometimes startled + by what seems to be an unfolding of events in the future.' + </p> + <p> + “Saying this much he relapsed into his wonted silence. After some + further conversation they separated. The next morning Gen. Silent left for + the Army of the East. He was received on his arrival in a manner that + showed their confidence in him as a great commander. He established his + headquarters in the field near Meador, and at once commenced giving + directions in his quiet way for reorganizing the troops and preparing in + every way for an early advance. His army was soon organized into three + corps,—Second, Fifth and Sixth,—commanded respectively by Gen. + Hanscom, Gen. Sedgewear and Gen. Warner; the Ninth (Independent) Corps, + under Broomneld, with the cavalry under Sher-lin, who had been ordered to + the East from the Army of the Center. + </p> + <p> + “My son Jackson, having been spoken of very highly to Gen. Silent by + Gen. Anderson, had also been ordered to the East and placed in command of + a brigade under Gen. Hanscom. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0023" id="linkimage-0023"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0347.jpg" + alt="Gens. Silent and Meador in Conversation. 347 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The armies both in the East and the West being reorganized and in + good condition, Gen. Silent began his arrangements for an immediate + movement. The Armies of the West and Center now being combined under the + command of Sherwood were to move from Chatteraugus directly down the + railroad against Biggs,—or rather Jones, the new commander of the + rebel forces. The movement of the combined armies, East and West, against + the enemy, was to take place on the same day. The rebel army East was + admirably posted for defensive operations, provided they were to be + attacked in their position. Laws had his army divided into three corps, + commanded respectively by Ewelling on the right, A. P. Hiller on the left, + and Longpath (who had come from Biggs) as reserve in the rear; his cavalry + by J. E. Seward. His army was on the south bank of the Rapidan, and in + rear of Mine Run, and extending east to the spurs of the Blue Ridge, on + the west and left flank, protected by heavy earthworks. His forces and his + movements were covered by streams, forests, hills, and by a very heavy + chaparral or copse for miles in extent. + </p> + <p> + “Silent would not attack in his front, as Laws expected, but + concluded to plunge immediately into the chaparral and threaten Laws's + right. This would compel the enemy to give battle at once or retreat. So + orders were issued for the Army of the East to move at midnight, cross the + Rapidan, and march into the dense woods by the roads nearest the rebel + lines. The troops moved, and by dawn the next morning had possession of + the crossings and were passing over the river. By night of that day the + army had crossed with most of their trains. The cavalry had pushed forward + and camped near Sedgewear, who had gone into bivouac on the hill after + crossing the Rapidan. During the day our signal corps had read the signals + of the enemy, which were that Laws had discovered Silent's movements + and was making preparations to meet them. + </p> + <p> + “Silent had ordered Broomfield to move at once and make night + marches so as to be up in time. Sherlin was to move forward and attack the + rebel cavalry at Chancellor's City. Three times this army had + crossed the Rapidan before and as many times had been driven back. The + question in the minds of all was, 'Will Silent go on, or will he be + forced to recross the stream?' Laws was very confident that he would + force him back. + </p> + <p> + “That night Silent received a telegram from Sherwood at + Chatteraugus, saying that his army had moved out that day and was near the + enemy; also, from Crooker and Boutler; all had moved. Thus Silent had all + the armies of the Republic, wherever they might be, at the same hour + moving against the enemy aggressively. No such movements had a parallel in + history. The enemy were menaced in every front, so that no portion could + give aid or re-enforcements to the other. + </p> + <p> + “Laws, when he saw the situation, determined to attack, believing + that he could assault Warner and drive him back before Hanscom (who had + crossed some miles from Warner) could come up to join on Warner's + right. That night Warner and Ewelling lay facing each other, nearly + together. They might easily have divided rations, though hidden from each + other by the dense forest. Yet, like the knowledge we all have by instinct + of our near approach to danger, they were each aware of the other's + presence. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent ordered a change, so as to move his head of column + direct for the right flank of Laws's new position. Warner moved, + with cavalry in advance, to Craig's Meeting House, his left resting + at Chaparral Tavern. Sedge-wear was to join on his right, Hanscom to move + from Chancellor City to his support, and Sherlin on the left and in rear + of Hanscom. + </p> + <p> + “Early in the morning the enemy appeared in Warner's front. + One regiment of cavalry had already been hurled back. Meador had made his + disposition in accordance with Silent's instructions. Broomfleld was + now crossing the river, and Silent waiting at the ford to see him; but + learning of Laws's movement, he went forward at once to Chaparral + Tavern. This tavern was in a low place, densely surrounded with trees and + underbrush. Here Silent placed his headquarters in the rear of Warner's + Corps. The woods and chaparral were so dense in all directions that + neither army could distinguish the line of the other. + </p> + <p> + “By 9 o'clock an occasional shot could be heard, and then the + rattle of musketry, as though a company or so had discharged their pieces. + Presently a few skirmishers would come back to the main line, asserting + that the enemy were in force in our front. Then orders would be given to + advance the skirmish-line and feel for the enemy. + </p> + <p> + “About 10 o'clock a shot from the artillery of the enemy + announced the fact that he was posting for resistance. Our line at once + advanced as best it could in the direction of the enemy. The musketry + opened and continued to increase until one whole division of our troops + were engaged. The artillery opened on both sides and roared as the mighty + thunders. Musketry rattled like hail on the housetops. The enemy in our + front, Ewelling commanding, was driven in great disorder for some distance + by Griffith's division, but the underbrush was so dense that no + alignment could be made with the troops. Regiments and brigades could not + find each other. It became impossible to have any unity of action. This + same cause prevented Sedgewear from joining on Warner's right or + connecting with Griffith. This left Griffith's flank exposed, and + the rebels at once taking advantage of this, forced him back again with + the loss of some of his guns and quite a number of prisoners. The rebels + made no attempt to follow up their advantage, but began at once erecting + earthworks. + </p> + <p> + “Laws was attacked before he anticipated, although making a show of + readiness; but he was resting on ground familiar to him and wholly unknown + to our troops. Silent was notified of our repulse. It was apparent that + Laws's whole army was on the field, and meditated an attack before + our army could be brought into action. Sedgewear's troops were not + all up; Broomfield had not arrived, and Hanscom was not yet on the ground. + This was not quite what Gen. Silent had been accustomed to. His commands + heretofore were always at the spot on time when ordered, and generally + before the time appointed. + </p> + <p> + “He at once mounted his horse and rode in person to the front, in + order to get a view of the situation. He followed Warner on a narrow road, + which was thronged with troops in great disorder. Slight works thrown up + by both sides, in intervals of the fight, were very close together. He at + once saw from the nature of the surrounding country the importance of + maintaining Warner's position. On his return to his headquarters he + dispatched officers to hasten Sedgewear's and Broomfield's + troops with all possible speed. His wish now was to bring to bear as largo + a force as possible against Laws's left, in order to prevent the + discovery of the great space between Warner and Hanscom. Laws, however, + had detected this gap, and was forming Hiller's Corps to move + through it. + </p> + <p> + “Geddis was now ordered to move at once and hold this part of the + line with his division of Warner's Corps against all force that + might come against him. This was the breathless time during the day. + Geddis took the position. Hiller moved against him, but Geddis held the + point. Hanscom came up, but his corps was far away to his rear. It was + nearly two o'clock before his troops came in sight, certainly none + too soon. He at once formed on Geddis's left. There was but one + spot, on account of the density of the forest, where artillery could be + put in battery or used to any advantage. Here Hanscom put all his + artillery. At 2:30 he received orders to attack Hiller at once in + conjunction with Geddis, which he did. This compelled Hanscom to move two + of his divisions in support of Geddis, Burns and Motley. The two lines had + both approached until they were exceedingly close together. + </p> + <p> + “The battle now commenced in great earnest on both sides, and was of + a most destructive and deadly character. The musketry firing was + continuous along the whole line. The remainder of Hanscom's Corps + was ordered up and went into action, having no time for protecting + themselves. Several desperate assaults were made by Hanscom and Geddis, + but the enemy, having the cover of the chaparral, were able to inflict + great damage on our forces. + </p> + <p> + “Silent, learning that our forces could not dislodge the enemy, sent + a force from Warner's left to relieve the troops who were so hotly + engaged. Accordingly one division under Gen. Walworth and one brigade + under Roberts were sent through the woods to the sound of battle. But they + could not see fifty yards before them on account of the underbrush. The + roar of the battle was like a continuous peal of thunder. Gen. Walworth + tried to penetrate the thick woods to relieve his comrades, but did not + arrive until nightfall. + </p> + <p> + “Sedgewear had now taken position on the right of Warner, and both + of their corps had been engaged during the afternoon. Sherlin had struck + the rebel cavalry near Ford's House and driven them back. He now + held the country to the left of Hanscom on the road to Spottsyl-vania. The + night had closed in and the two armies rested facing each other. The + killed, wounded and dying were strewn between the lines like leaves. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Meador and others came to Silent's Headquarters that + night. One corps in each army had not been engaged during the day, and so + the battle had but fairly commenced. Silent gave orders to assault the + enemy the next morning at five o'clock. Longpath on the side of the + enemy, who had not been engaged during the day, was moving that night to + the support of Hiller, evidently intending to crush our left. Geddis was + ordered to remain with Hanscom; Walworth was to assault Hiller's + left, while Hanscom made a front attack. Broomfield was to move to the gap + between Walworth and Warner's left. But Laws was preparing also for + an attack, and made his assault on our right a little before Hanscom made + the attack contemplated by Silent. + </p> + <p> + “The battle commenced by Ewelling assailing Wight. The fighting + became furious along Sedgewear's entire front and over and along + Warner's line. Burns and Motley, of Hanscom's Corps, advanced + upon the enemy and assaulted him with very great energy. Walworth now + assaulted where he was directed. The contest was a desperate one. The + smoke rose through the woods like a dense cloud. The artillery was brought + to where it could be used, and from both sides it belched forth its iron + hail and sounded as if the earth was breaking into a thousand fragments. + The musketry rattled and showered the leaden missiles of death in every + direction. The yells and shrieks of the wounded were enough to strike + terror to the souls of the strongest, during the whole time of this great + battle of blood and death. + </p> + <p> + “The enemy were driven at every point, and retreated in great + confusion. Our troops undertook to pursue them through the thick woods and + became broken up and confused. Sherlin was now engaged with Seward's + cavalry, near the Todd House, in a terrible contest, The firing and + shouting could be heard by Hanscom's troops. Sherlin was victorious + and Seward retreated. + </p> + <p> + “Up to this time Longpath had not taken the position assigned him, + but now moved rapidly against Hanscom's left. The contest was + renewed. Silent and Meador rode out to the front and looked over the + ground. Silent never lost confidence in the result for a moment. + </p> + <p> + “Longpath now assaulted with great vehemence; our advance brigade + was swept like chaff before the wind. The density of the brush was such + that H an scorn could not make his proper formation, and therefore had to + fall back to his position held early in the day. Walworth was driven back, + and in trying to rally his men was shot through the head and instantly + killed. Sedgewear's right was assailed and turned, losing many + prisoners. He rallied, however, and drove the enemy back again. Longpath + being now severely wounded, Laws led his corps in person. + </p> + <p> + “A simultaneous attack was now made by our forces. Broomfield + assaulted for the first time during the day, and the enemy were forced + back. In this assault my son Jackson, leading his brigade, was wounded and + taken to the rear. This was late in the afternoon. The woods had been on + fire several times during the day, but at this time the breastworks of + some of our men having been constructed of wood were fired by the musketry + and blazed up, catching the timber and leaves with which the ground was + covered. The fire became general and drove men in every direction, both + Union and rebel. The shrieks and screams of the poor wounded men who could + not escape the flames were heartrending. + </p> + <p> + “Darkness came on and the contest ceased. During the night Laws + withdrew the rebel army to his old line of works and gave up the idea of + driving Silent back across the Rapidan. Gen. Silent repaired to his + headquarters, where he received the reports of the commanding officers. + Some were sure that Laws would attack again the next morning. Some thought + that we had better retire across the Rapidan. At this Silent said not a + word, but smiled. He finally gave orders to be ready to meet the enemy the + next morning, and to attack him if he had not withdrawn. When he spoke of + the enemy withdrawing a look of surprise was on the faces of many. + </p> + <p> + “After they had all repaired to their respective quarters he went + out to look around, and while listening under a tree in order to hear any + movements that might be making in the enemy's lines, he was again + startled by the same spectral form that had appeared to him twice before. + It pointed in the direction of Richmond and spoke these words, 'Move + on to-morrow,' and disappeared. He was strangely affected by this, + and became quite nervous for a man of his stoicism. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0024" id="linkimage-0024"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0354.jpg" alt="A Scene in the Trenches 354 " /> + </div> + <p> + “He returned to his tent and inquired for his Adjutant-General. When + he reported, he asked if any further reports had come in, and was told + that a messenger had just arrived with dispatches announcing that Boutler + had moved on City Point, capturing it; that Sherwood expected to attack + Jones at Rocky Head on that day. Silent then went to bed and slept + soundly. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning there was no enemy in sight. Gen. Silent advanced + his troops well to the front until satisfied that Laws had withdrawn. He + gave orders for taking care of the wounded and burying the dead. The + wounded of both armies were thickly strewn all over the battlefield. Many + had perished from the smoke and fire in the woods. It was a sight I do not + wish to describe if I could. + </p> + <p> + “That day Silent issued his orders for the army to make a night + march by the left flank in the direction of Spottsyl-vania. He and Meador + started, with the cavalry in advance, late in the afternoon, and as they + passed along the line going in that direction the boys understood it and + cried out, 'Good! good! No going back this time; we are going to + Richmond,' and they made the woods resound with shouts of joy. + </p> + <p> + “The next day about noon Sherlin was directed to move with his + cavalry to the rear of the enemy, cut the railroads, and destroy all the + enemy's supplies he could find. He moved at once. Silent notified + Broomfield of the resistance being made to our further advance, and + ordered him to move up as rapidly as possible. Skirmishing and sharp + fighting between isolated divisions and brigades occurred. Many officers + and men were killed. Gen. Sedgewear was among the killed on this morning, + and Gen. H. G. Wight was assigned to the command of his corps. This was + the 9th day of the month, and the armies had been marching and fighting + five days. + </p> + <p> + “Silent's lines were now formed and ready to attack or resist. + Thus they lay during the fifth night. On the next morning orders were + issued to assault the enemy's center at 10 o'clock. Some + movement of the enemy delayed the assault, and about 1 o'clock the + enemy pressed forward to attack, which they did with great vigor. They + were repulsed with great loss and fell back in confusion. They reformed + and came forward again. The contest now became fierce and even terrific. + They made their way close up to Hanscom's front and delivered their + fire in the very faces of our men. Our line did not waver, but now opened + such a terrible fire of musketry on them that they broke in great + disorder. + </p> + <p> + “In the very heat of the contest the woods had taken fire again, and + the flames were leaping along with frightful rapidity, destroying nearly + everything in their pathway. Our troops on this part of the line were + compelled to fall' back, leaving many poor fellows of both sides to + perish. Soon, however, the skirmishers were re-enforced and drove the + enemy for a mile into their entrenchments. + </p> + <p> + “It was now determined to make the assault contemplated in the + morning. So about 4 p.m. Silent ordered the assault. Warner and Wight were + to move simultaneously with Warner's and Gibbs's divisions, + Motley to advance on the left of Wight's Corps. Our troops had to + advance up a densely-wooded hill. Silent and Meador took position on an + elevated point, but could see little of the field, it was so overgrown + with bushes. + </p> + <p> + “The battle had again commenced, our troops assaulting. A cloud of + smoke hung heavily over the field, lighted up occasionally by flashes from + artillery. The shouts of the commanders giving their orders, the yells of + the soldiers on both sides, as well as the groans of the wounded and + dying, could be distinctly heard in every direction. Across an open field, + then through heavy woods, across a soft morass in front of one division of + the enemy near the stream, went our lines, struggling forward under a most + galling fire until lost to view in a copse of wood and the smoke of + battle. Only our wounded now came staggering and crawling out from under + the cloud of smoke to the rear. These few moments of suspense were + terrible. Looking, listening and waiting, our troops at this moment + ascended the hill and stormed the enemy's works, but could not hold + them against the destructive fire. They fell back to their original line. + </p> + <p> + “On our left, at that moment, a great victory was being + accomplished. Col. Upson and Gen. Motley formed a storming party of some + twelve regiments, and drove right against the flank of the enemy. They + rushed with such impetuosity against the rebels that they could not + withstand the assault. Our forces captured an entire brigade and one + battery of the enemy. Hanscom now assaulted and broke the enemy's + line, capturing many prisoners. At six p.m. Broomfield attacked. Night + closed with our columns within one mile of Spottsylvania Court-house. The + fighting of this day was desperate, and the loss on both sides terrible. + The suffering was great; many were burned who had fallen wounded on the + field. + </p> + <p> + “This was the sixth day of blood and death. Our forces held some + 4,000 prisoners, while the enemy had taken none from us save a few + stragglers. That night Boutler reported great success. Sherlin had got in + the rear of the enemy, destroyed ten miles of his railroad and nearly all + of his supplies of food and medical stores. Silent now ordered rest and + reconnoitering for the next day. + </p> + <p> + “So, on the following day, our lines were adjusted and + reconnoissances made, with full preparations for the ending of the great + contest. Hanscom was to move in the night so as to join Broomfield, and + they were to attack at 4 A. M. of the 12th. They moved into line not more + than two-thirds of a mile from the enemy. The ground was heavily wooded + and ascended sharply towards the enemy. In the morning a heavy fog lay + close to the ground, but at 4:35 the order to move forward was given. + Burns and Barrow moved in advance. The soldiers seemed to be urged forward + by some kind of inspiration, and finally broke into a double-quick, and + with irresistible force over the earthworks of the enemy they went. Both + divisions entered about the same time, and a most desperate battle here + ensued. Muskets were clubbed and bayonets and swords pierced many bodies + on both sides. The struggle was short, however, and resulted in our forces + capturing some 5,000 prisoners, twenty pieces of artillery, and thirty + colors, with two General officers. The rebels broke to the rear in great + disorder, our men pursuing them through the woods. Shouts of victory rent + the air. + </p> + <p> + “Silent was now by a small fire, which was sputtering and spitting, + the rain coming down in uncomfortable quantities. Hanscom had taken and + was now holding the center of their line. He reported: 'Have just + finished up Jones and am going into Ewelling; many prisoners and guns.' + </p> + <p> + “The enemy made six assaults on Hanscom, which were repulsed. + Broomfield now reported that he had lost connection with Hanscom. Silent + wrote him: 'Push the enemy; that is the best way to make connection.' + </p> + <p> + “Desultory fighting continued until midnight, when the enemy gave up + the task of re-taking their lost line and retreated. Thus ended the eighth + day of marching and most desperate fighting ever known. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning an assault was made in order to take possession of + high ground near the court-house, which was a success, without any + considerable resistance. The rain was now falling in torrents. The roads + became so muddy that they were impassable, which prevented any further + movement for the present. The collecting of the wounded and burying the + dead was a sight to behold. The whole country back for miles was one + continuous hospital. Our losses were over 20,000, and no one could ever + ascertain the loss of the enemy; but it could not have been less than + 30,000—including prisoners. + </p> + <p> + “The howl that was set up by the Sons of Liberty and Copperheads + excelled anything that had ever been heard. Silent was a 'murderer,' + a 'butcher,' a 'brute,' an 'inhuman monster.' + The enemy, however, were all right. They were 'humane friends,' + 'good Christians,' etc. The hypocrisy of this world is + perfectly amazing. + </p> + <p> + “At this time take a glance at the rebel capital. Boutler was within + ten miles; Sherlin's troopers were, many of them, inside the works + on the north side of Richmond. Sherwood was forcing the rebel Army of the + Center. Gen. Crookerhad cut all railroads between Tennessee and Richmond. + All lines of communication with Richmond were severed, and confusion and + terror reigned in the rebel capital. Jeff Davis contemplated flight, but + was prevented by those surrounding him. With all these evidences of our + final success and failure on their part, the anti-war party in the North + could find no words of contumely too severe for our successful commanders. + </p> + <p> + “Henry and I left for Washington, and in the confusion of everything + I finally found a surgeon by the name of Bliss, who informed me where I + could find my son Jackson. He had been brought to Washington and placed in + the Stone Mansion Hospital, on Meridian Hill. We lost no time in visiting + that place, and by permission of the surgeon in charge visited Jackson. We + found him with a high fever and some evidence of erysipelas. His wound was + in the right groin—a very dangerous wound. He talked quite freely, + and gave all kinds of messages for his mother, the family, and Gen. + Anderson, but said to us that he could live but a few days. + </p> + <p> + “'The fates are against our family,' said he. 'We + will all go down sooner or later. Mother is right.' + </p> + <p> + “We remained in Washington and gave Jackson all the attention we + could. We merely paid our respects to the President. He was so busy we + could not interrupt him. Joy was in the hearts of all loyal people, while + curses were upon the lips of every disloyal and anti-war Democrat in the + whole country. + </p> + <p> + “Jackson died from erysipelas on the sixth day after our arrival. + This shock almost broke me down. Henry was nearly frantic. Jackson was his + favorite brother. They had both been wanderers alike from home. We took + his remains to our home, had his funeral services in the church to which + his mother and I belonged, and buried him by the side of my son David, in + the Allentown Cemetery. + </p> + <p> + “You must imagine this blow to our family; I will not undertake to + describe our distress. His mother almost lost her mind, and for several + days she talked incessantly about Peter. She seemed to lose sight of all + else. Seraine was deeply affected. She thought very much of Jackson, he + being the one who brought about her union with Henry much sooner than, + perhaps, it would have occurred.” + </p> + <p> + Just then Mrs. Wilson came in. We could see that she kept a close watch + over Uncle Daniel. He took her in his arms and said: + </p> + <p> + “My darling, I was just speaking of the death of your Uncle Jackson.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, Grandpa; I well remember when you and Uncle Henry came home + from Washington with his remains; how we were all distressed; how Grandma's + mind was affected; and how poor old Aunt Martha cried and spoke of him. I + remember also that he was buried by the side of my poor father.” + </p> + <p> + She ceased speaking and wept and sobbed, and finally she took her grandpa + by the hand and led him to his room. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0018" id="link2HCH0018"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVIII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + OPERATIONS OF THE ARMY OF THE CENTER.—GEN. SHERWOOD'S + CAMPAIGN AGAINST GATE CITY.—HEAD'S ARMY DESTROYED.—GEN. + PAPSON'S GREAT VICTORIES AT FRANKTOWN AND NASHUA. + + “We die that our country may survive.”—Lyon. +</pre> + <p> + “General Silent was now in command of all the armies of the United + States, having his Headquarters with the Army of the East, so that he + might have the immediate supervision of it. Sherwood, having been placed + in command of the Armies of the West, commenced organizing and + concentrating his forces for the Spring campaign, under the general plan + suggested by Silent and approved by the President and Secretary of War. + The condition of things in the North was as heretofore described. Sherwood + was kept continually on the alert, in order to meet the many raids that + were being made in his Department. + </p> + <p> + “About the 1st of April, Gen. Forrester, with a large cavalry force, + again moved north, marched between Big and Little Combination Rivers, and + made his way unmolested to Paduah, and there assaulted the Union garrison + held by Col. Heck, by whom he was badly beaten. He made his retreat, + swinging around to Conception River, and following that down to Fort + Pillston, which was held by a very small garrison of colored troops. After + capturing the post the unfortunate troops were most barbarously and + inhumanly butchered, no quarter being given. The poor colored soldiers and + citizens were shot down like so many wild beasts. Some were killed while + imploring their captors for mercy; others were tied to trees, fires built + around them made of fagots, and in that way burned to death. + </p> + <p> + “The sick and wounded fared no better. Such brutality is seldom + resorted to by the most barbarous of the savage Indian tribes. What do you + suppose would have been the fate of any Union officer who would have + permitted such conduct on the part of his command?” + </p> + <p> + “Why,” said Col. Bush, “the officer would have been + dismissed the service in utter disgrace, and would not afterwards have + been recognized as a gentleman anywhere in the Northern States.” + </p> + <p> + “No, sir,” said Dr. Adams; “such officers would have + been compelled to change their names and to find homes in the mountains, + where they would have been unobserved.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Uncle Daniel, “that would have been so with + any of our troops; yet you never hear this fact alluded to. It is lost + sight of, and if you should mention it publicly, you would only be + criticised for so doing. Our tradesmen and merchants want their Southern + customers, and therefore, no matter what their crimes may have been, they + are hushed up and condoned. But to return to my story. + </p> + <p> + “Sherwood had made his disposition for an advance, and on the same + day that the Army of the East commenced its movement to cross the Rapidan, + his army moved out against Gen. Jones, who had displaced Biggs and was in + command of the rebel Army of the Center. Sherwood's army moved in + three columns from and about Chatteraugus—Scovens on the left, + Papson in the center, and McFadden on the right. Papson moved directly + against Turner's Hill, and McFadden, by way of Gadden's Mill, + to and through Snake Gap, against Sarco. Papson had encountered the enemy + at Rocky Head, and failing to dislodge him, was ordered to the right in + support of McFadden. Jones fell back to Sarco and made a stand. Hord's + Corps assaulted him in front, Scovens on his right, Papson and McFadden on + his left, McFadden gaining the high ridges overlooking the fort and opened + a destructive artillery fire against it. + </p> + <p> + “Late in the evening, as night was closing in, Gen. Anderson ordered + a part of his command to assault and charge their works near the river, + south of the town. This was executed in gallant style, Gen. Ward leading + the charge. The firing all along both lines was picturesque. As volley + after volley was discharged, it reminded one of a line of Roman candles + shooting forth. Soon our troops succeeded in dislodging the enemy and + capturing his works, with many prisoners. This closed the contest; and + that night Jones, with his army, retreated, destroying bridges and all + else behind him. + </p> + <p> + “He was vigorously pushed by our army. Two days later Papson's + head of column struck the rear of the enemy between Caseyville and King's + City. Skirmishing commenced, and was kept up during the night. At this + point Jones had collected his whole army—three large corps, + commanded by Harding, Polkhorn and Head, numbering nearly as many men as + Sherwood's forces. During the night, however, the enemy retreated, + and did it so handsomely that the next morning there was nothing to be + seen as evidence of an enemy, save fresh earthworks. + </p> + <p> + “After remaining there several days waiting for supplies, etc., our + forces resumed their advance and moved rapidly in the direction of a town + on the Powder Springs road called Dalls; McFadden on the extreme right, + Papson in the center, and Scovens on the left. Hord, of Papson's + army, in moving to the crossing of Pumpkin Run, met the enemy, and was + soon engaged in what turned out to be a severe battle, lasting until quite + in the night. This checked the movement of the army under Papson, and + changed the point to be gained to Hopeful Church. There was continuous + skirmishing and fighting at this point at close range behind works for + about five days. The losses, however, were not very considerable on either + side, both being under cover of earthworks. The troops here were so + situated in their lines and works that both sides kept well down behind + their cover. Finally our boys gave it the name of 'Hell Hole.' + </p> + <p> + “McFadden having moved to Dalls, as ordered, was some miles away to + the right of the remainder of the forces. The enemy seeing this, + concentrated two whole corps and hurled them against the Fifteenth Corps, + and one small division on its left. The assault was made by Harding and + Polkhorn on the morning of the 28th of May, and lasted until late in the + afternoon. This was a fierce and very bloody battle, with quite a loss on + both sides. The enemy broke the line of our forces on the right and poured + through the gap like bees swarming, but the commander of the corps of + 'Forty Bounds' was equal to the occasion, charging them with + reserve troops and driving them back with great slaughter. From that time + on, the day was in our favor. The General who commanded the corps came + down the line where bullets were thickest, with hat in hand, cheering his + men on to action and to victory; with a shout that could only be given by + that old, well-drilled corps, which had never known defeat, they rushed + forward against the enemy and routed twice their number. Men who were in + this battle say that the soldiers and officers were more like enraged + tigers than men. No power could stay them when it came to their turn + during the day to make an assault, the enemy having made the first one. + </p> + <p> + “Two days after this brilliant victory they were ordered by Sherwood + to their left to join the right of Hord's command. The army now + being in compact form confronting the enemy, he withdrew to Bush and + Kensington Mountains, in front of Henrietta, covering the railroad to Gate + City. Gen. Sherwood moved his army on a parallel line to Shan tee, + covering the railroad to the rear, being our line of communication, + directly confronting the enemy on the Mountain ridge. The position of the + enemy was a good one; much better than our troops occupied. Thus, our + forces were 100 miles south of Chatteraugus. During the whole march it had + been one succession of skirmishes and battles, from Rocky Head to + Kensington Mountain. The skirmishes and battles were generally fought in + dense woods, and doubtless, in the rapid movements, many of our poor men, + and also of the enemy, were wounded and left to die in the forest. The + enemy's lines were several miles in length, covering those spurs—Kensington, + Bush and Pine Mountains. Our troops were pushing up as close as possible + under a continuous and heavy fire. While advancing our lines our forces + could see the signals of the enemy on the mountains, and very soon learned + to read them. + </p> + <p> + “In one of the forward movements on our extreme right a very sharp + artillery duel took place between Davies' artillery and Polkhorn's, + who formed the enemy's left. During this engagement Polkhorn was + killed by one of our round shots. Our signal officers interpreted the + enemy's signals stating his death. Our boys sent up a great shout. + </p> + <p> + “The enemy thereby discovered that our men could read their signals + and at once changed them, much to the chagrin of our Signal Corps. + </p> + <p> + “The railroad bridges that had been destroyed in our rear by the + enemy on their retreat having been repaired, the trains began running and + bringing up supplies. One day a train came in drawn by a very powerful + engine. The engineer concluded that he would tempt or alarm the enemy, so + he put on a full head of steam and started down the track as though he was + going directly into their lines. As soon as he came in sight—which + was unavoidable, as the road ran through an open field directly in front + of Kensington Mountain, and then curved to the left through a gap—they + opened a battery directed at the engine. Peal after peal was heard from + their guns, but the engineer ran the engine down to our skirmish line and + there held it for some moments, keeping up meanwhile the most hideous + whistling and bell ringing. The number of guns that opened fire and their + rapidity in firing was such that all along both lines they believed a + battle was raging. The engineer returned his engine to the train amid the + shouts of thousands of our troops. + </p> + <p> + “Our skirmishers were now close, approaching nearer and nearer every + day and night, the advance being made by regular stages. Several attempts + were made to double the skirmish-lines and move up the slope of the ridge, + but this could not be accomplished. Finally Gen. Anderson asked permission + to make a reconnaissance to our left and to the right and rear of the + enemy, or at least to find where his right rested. This was permitted, and + Gen. Anderson struck the enemy's cavalry some five miles to our + extreme left, driving them around the point of the mountain and capturing + very nearly two regiments. This at once disclosed the fact as to the + exposed flank of the enemy. He then moved back to his position in line and + waited further orders. + </p> + <p> + “Just about this date Gen. Sherwood received information that the + expedition up Blood River had failed, and that Forrester had defeated + Sturgeon and was now preparing to raid the railroads in our rear. This was + not very encouraging to our forces, but caused great joy in the rebel camp + in our front, as our forces learned. The next day the enemy made a feeble + attack on our right, but was handsomely repulsed by Gen. Hord's + Corps. Sherwood seemed determined to try to dislodge the enemy,—a + flank movement seemed to others to be the way to force the enemy from his + lines of works on the crest of the mountain. + </p> + <p> + “On the 27th of June, he ordered an assault on Little Kensington + Mountain. Our troops at the same time were to make demonstrations on all + parts of the line. McFadden assaulted, by order of the commander, the face + of the mountain, where there was no possibility of success. He was hurled + back, losing many officers and men. Papson assaulted on his right, where + the mountain sloped down to a low foothill with no rugged heights. Here + the enemy had strong earthworks, with an almost impenetrable abatis. One + division after another and one corps after another were hurled against + this breastwork, where fell many brave and gallant men and officers on + that fatal day. Papson did not believe our troops could take those strong + works, posted as the rebels were, but obeyed orders from his superior + officer. + </p> + <p> + “Towards noon our losses were heavy, and it seemed like leading men + into the very jaws of death to attempt another assault. Some of the + officers, as well as men, openly said it was most cruel and cold-blooded + murder to force men up against works where one man behind them would equal + at least four of the assaulting party. Yet another attack was ordered, and + about the middle of the afternoon all were ready. Sherwood was on a high + hill a good distance in the rear, where he could see all that was going + on. + </p> + <p> + “The order was given to move forward. Gen. Anderson was put to the + front, my son Peter in command of his advance brigade. On, on they went, + well knowing that many a brave boy would fall to rise no more. Not a word + was spoken save the one of command. The line moved right on, the enemy + pouring shot and shell into our ranks. Our brave boys fell like grass + before the scythe. As our ranks thinned and gaps were made by shot and + shell the solemn command could be heard, 'Close up, my brave boys!' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson rode in full dress, with a long black plume in his + hat. On and on, to the very jaws of hell they went. When close up to the + enemy General Anderson raised his sword, the gleam of which could be seen + afar in the sunlight. He ordered a charge, and well was it made. Up, up, + and into the jaws of death they moved. But to take the works was + impossible. The whole line was now engaged. Finally our forces fell back. + Gen. Anderson held his men in their line. They were not dismayed. He was + finally ordered to fall back, and did so. Peter, my son, was shot through + the lungs. Sullenly and coolly did our men fall back, with curses many and + loud against the blunder. + </p> + <p> + “This was the first repulse to our army, and forced the commander a + few days later to do what should have been done without the loss of so + many men. He moved around against Jones's flank, which caused him to + abandon his line and fall back to Chatham River, into his heavy + intrenchments prepared some time before. + </p> + <p> + “My son Peter, during the evening after the battle, had been + conveyed to the hospital. As soon as Gen. Anderson could do so, he started + to find him. He found young Whit-comb with my son, whom the General had + sent earlier to look after him; also, old Ham, who was in the rear during + the engagement, not far from the hospital. When the General entered, Peter + recognized and greeted him, but added: + </p> + <p> + “'General, my time has come. When I go, that will be the last + finger but one. My mother's dream; O! how true! how true! This is + not unexpected to me, my dear General. + </p> + <p> + “I have been waiting for it. This morning, when I found what our + orders were, I committed my soul to God, and felt this to be my time.' + </p> + <p> + “The General said to him that he thought there was a chance for him + to get well. + </p> + <p> + “'No, no,' replied Peter; 'I may linger some time. + The doctor thinks there is a chance for me; but, no; I am sure this is + only the fulfilling of my mother's dream.'” + </p> + <p> + At this recital the old man wept and walked out of the room. Very soon, + however, he returned, and continued: + </p> + <p> + “Why should I grieve? I will soon see them all. I am very sure that + I will meet my good and brave family again in a better world.” + </p> + <p> + “Amen!” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel said: “Peter always believed there was something in his + mother's dream; and while Gen. Anderson was trying to encourage him, + old Ham spoke up: + </p> + <p> + “'Marsa Gen'l, dey's no use. I tell you dat dream + am a fac'. It is, sho', an' Marsa Peter he know it. I + 'terpret dat for him; 'deed I did. I not fool on dat. But, + den, we mus' take keer ob him. I 'spec' he go home an' + see he mudder and fader. I 'spec' me better go wid him and + tend to him. Don't you fought so too, Marsa Gen'l?' + </p> + <p> + “The General told Ham he would see about it. Peter began to improve, + and it really seemed as if he would recover. I was informed by Gen. + Anderson of Peter's misfortune, but kept it from my family, except + Henry, who was at home, as I before stated, in order to aid me in + protecting the family, the country being in such an alarming condition. + The growing belief in the final success of Silent against Laws was + quieting the people somewhat. + </p> + <p> + “I made an excuse to the family, so that Henry was sent South to see + Peter and bring him home if he should be able to stand the journey. I + obtained a pass for Henry from the President by letter, and he started to + find his brother. He told Seraine, however, before he started, what his + mission was. She was discreet, and did not speak of it to any one. + </p> + <p> + “During this time Sherwood moved out, McFadden on the extreme right, + Scovens in the center, and Papson on the left. About six miles on the road + leading to the crossing of the Chatham River Papson encountered the enemy + and passed the compliments of the Fourth of July with them, firing his + artillery loaded with shell into their lines. The celebration was kept up + in this way by both sides during the day, but the loss was not great on + either side. + </p> + <p> + “Just at this time Gen. Russell, under orders, left De Kalb, Ala., + with 2,000 cavalry, passing through the country and meeting but little + obstruction on his way. He finally struck the railroad west of Opelima and + destroyed it for many miles, making a successful raid. He reported to + Sherwood at Henrietta, with hundreds of horses and mules, supposed to have + followed him, on his return. + </p> + <p> + “Stoner was also to the west of our forces hunting for railroads, + bridges, etc., which might be useful to the enemy. McCabe was with his + cavalry on Soap Run, and one other division under Garner at Ross Mills, to + the left of our main army. + </p> + <p> + “McFadden with his army now moved to the left, by Ross Mills, across + Chatham River and down to De Kalb by way of Stonington's Mountain. + Scovens crossed the Chatham River near the mouth of Soap Run, and thereby + occupied the center. Papson crossed at or above the railroad bridge. The + whole army was now safely across the river and moving in the direction of + Gate City. McFadden had reached De Kalb and there connected with Scovens, + who had extended near to the Howland House. Papson was not so far + advanced, leaving quite a distance between him and Scovens. + </p> + <p> + “As Papson lay at Crab Apple Run, the men carelessly taking their + rest in fancied security, they were furiously attacked by Head's + Corps. At first our men were scattered in confusion, but were soon in line + again, and the battle raged with great fury. After some two hours' + hard fighting the enemy fell back and again occupied their breast-works. + The losses on both sides were heavy for the length of time they were + engaged. + </p> + <p> + “On the same afternoon Gen. Legg's division had a very sharp + contest for a high hill in an open field to the left and south of the + railroad from the east to Gate City. Legg secured this hill, which + overlooked the city and was the key to the situation on the east side. + </p> + <p> + “On the 22d a great battle was fought over this ground by McFadden's + army, which was severe and bloody, lasting well into the night. Thousands + were slain on both sides. The field almost ran with blood. Gen. McFadden + fell early in the day, and the command then devolved upon another. The + battle was a success to the Union troops. It was a great victory. Many + prisoners and a great quantity of munitions of war fell into the hands of + our troops. Gen. Sherwood for some reason remained at the Howland House + during this battle, with Scovens, whose forces were not engaged. This + battle cannot be properly described in this narrative, nor will I attempt + it. + </p> + <p> + “On the 28th another great battle was fought by the same gallant + army as on the 22d, without assistance, at a place called Ezra's + House, on the extreme right of our lines. Having been ordered to move + round to the rear of Scovens and Papson, after the 22d, they struck the + enemy. During this engagement the enemy made as many as seven different + assaults upon our line, but were repulsed with great loss each time. Night + closed in and ended the contest. The next morning the dead of the enemy + lay in front of our lines in rows and in piles. The enemy having retreated + during the night, our troops buried their dead, which numbered hundreds. + One of their Color-Sergeants, of a Louisiana regiment, was killed, and his + flag taken by a boy of an Ohio regiment within twenty feet of our lines. + </p> + <p> + “Skirmishing and fighting continued around and about Gate City for + nearly a month, during which time the losses on both sides were very + serious. The latter part of August a general movement to the flank and + rear of the enemy was made by the whole of the united forces. McFadden's + army, now commanded by Hord, moved on the right in the direction of + Jonesville, and a terrific battle ensued, lasting for some four hours. + They fought against two corps of rebels, which were driven back and + through Jonesville to the southward. + </p> + <p> + “Late in the night a great noise of bursting shell was heard to the + north and east of Jonesville. The heavens seemed to be in a blaze. The red + glare, as it reflected in beauty against the sky, was beyond brush or word + painting. The noise was so terrific that all the troops on the right felt + sure that a night attack had been made on Pap-son and that a terrible + battle was being fought. Couriers were sent hurriedly to the left to + ascertain the cause, and about daylight information was received that Head—who + was in command of the rebel forces, having succeeded Jones—had blown + up all his magazines, burned his storehouses of supplies, evacuated Gate + City, and was marching with his army rapidly in the direction of Loveland + Station. + </p> + <p> + “Thus the great rebel stronghold, Gate City, had fallen and was + ours. The joy in our army was indescribable. Sherwood moved on Loveland + Station and skirmished with the enemy during one afternoon, but no battle + ensued; why, has often been asked by our best-informed men. Our troops + moved back on the same road by which they had advanced to and around Gate + City, and then went into camp, remaining during the month of September + with but little activity. + </p> + <p> + “One day, at Gen. Sherwood's headquarters, Gen. Anderson was + asked by Sherwood if he was ever in the Regular Army. Gen. Anderson + replied in the negative. + </p> + <p> + “Sherwood said: 'I am sorry for that, as I would like to give + you a larger command. You are certainly a good soldier.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well,' said Gen. Anderson, 'is it not good + soldiers that you want?' + </p> + <p> + “'That is true,' said Sherwood; 'but we are + compelled to make this distinction, where we have those who are or have + been in the old army, or have been educated at the Military Academy.' + </p> + <p> + “'But, General, suppose a man is or has been in the Regular + Army or educated at the Military Academy, and is not a successful General, + how will you then decide?' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Gen. Anderson, we have studied war and know all about + it; you have not. We must rely upon those who make it a profession. + Papson, Scovens and myself have considered the matter, and we cannot trust + volunteers to command large forces. We are responsible, you know.' + </p> + <p> + “'But, General, you seem to trust volunteers where there is + hard fighting to do, or where there is any desperate assault to be made.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, that is true; but we cannot afford to allow volunteers + to be put over Regular officers; Regulars do not like it, and we cannot do + it.' + </p> + <p> + “'I have seen some of your volunteer officers and soldiers + succeed where your Regulars have failed. Should not such men be as much + entitled to the credit as if they were professional or Regular Army + soldiers?' + </p> + <p> + “'There may be cases of that kind; but we will not discuss + this further. I can only say that while we have Regulars to command our + armies, we will see to it that they are given the places.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson was very angry, but said no more except 'good-by.' + </p> + <p> + “By this time Peter had so far recovered that the Surgeon felt it to + be safe to remove him. Henry, who had remained with him all this time, now + brought him home, with old Ham's assistance. Henry had kept me + posted by letter, and it was very hard at times to explain his absence. + But when he reached home, and the truth was revealed to my good wife, she + was almost frantic, and was unable to sit up. She talked continually of + her dear son, and was haunted day and night by her dream. Peter gained + strength very rapidly. The members of the household were at his service at + all times. The children could not understand so many coming home shot as + they termed it, and little Mary Anderson was continually inquiring of her + mamma about her dear papa, and if he was shot again! Our family had all + become so nervous that I was continually on the alert for fear of sickness + being produced by the constant strain. + </p> + <p> + “Old Ham and Aunt Martha had many things to say to each other. Ham's + experiences in battle very greatly amused Aunt Martha. They were both very + kind to Peter, but wore very serious countenances in our presence. Ham + would only talk to me about Peter, and would always say: 'I hopes + dat Marsa Peter git well, but I fears. Marsa Lyon, I tell's you dat + dream of de Madam, dat am bery bad. I fears de time am mighty nigh come.' + </p> + <p> + “Aunt Martha did not express any opinion, but would shake her head. + Peter kept the two little girls by him nearly all the time, petting them, + but conversed very seldom. He would talk to his mother occasionally, to + keep her mind away from her horrible dream. + </p> + <p> + “About the 1st of October we learned of the movements of large + bodies of the enemy's cavalry in Tennessee, raiding the railroads to + the rear of Sherwood's army. Head had thrown his army across Chatham + River, below Gate City, to the north, and moved parallel to the railroad, + so that he could strike and destroy our lines of communication at various + points. Sherwood was compelled to follow him. Our forces were stationed on + the railroad at many places. Gen. G. B. Ream, with one division, held + Carter Station, Etwau Bridge, Alletooning, Ainsworth, King's City, + Adamsville, Sarco, and north to Dallytown. Chatteraugus was held by Gen. + Sleman with his division, and Romulus by Cortez. All had orders to support + any point that should be attacked. Gen. Ream was of the opinion that Head + would strike the railroad at Alletooning, where a great quantity of + supplies were stored. + </p> + <p> + “Sherwood left Somers with his corps at Gate City and started north. + He arrived at Henrietta Just as Gen. Ream had got Cortez with his command + at Alletooning. Head was advancing on Alletooning by rapid marches. He + assaulted the garrison at once on his command's arrival The assault + was made with great determination, but it was not successful. His loss was + very great. He drew off and at once moved in the direction of Romulus. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Sherwood reached Carter Station, and was directing his + movement in order to protect the railroad and no more. Gen. Ream insisted + to Gen. Sherwood that Head's next move would be against Sarco. + Sherwood did not think Head would cross the Cussac River, and so commenced + his march on Romulus by way of King's City, and left the matter of + protecting Sarco to Gen. Ream, who procured trains and started all the + troops he could get together for that place. That night on the way they + found the track torn up. This was soon repaired, and the troops proceeded. + At five o'clock Gen. Head arrived in front of Sarco and demanded its + surrender. Gen. Ream, learning this, took the troops from the cars and + marched from Cahoon, sending the trains back for more re-enforcements. By + daylight our troops were in the fort and on the skirmish-line at Sarco. + </p> + <p> + “Ream at once sent word to Gen. Sherwood that Head was present with + his army in front of Sarco, and would like to pay his respects. About + daylight Head opened his artillery upon the forts, and sent forward his + skirmish-line. In the garrison every effort was made to impress Head with + the idea that Sherwood's main force was present. Every flag was + displayed on the forts and along the skirmish-line. Head kept up a + continuous fire on the forts during the day. Late in the afternoon + re-enforcements arrived. There were but 500; this was enough, however, to + show that re-enforcements were coming. The firing was kept up the most of + the night; the next morning the enemy was gone. + </p> + <p> + “He passed around Sarco and struck the railroad north of this place + and dismantled it for many miles, capturing every garrison north from + Sarco to Turner's Hill. Turning west from there he passed through + Snake Gap, moving in the direction of Alabama. Gen. Sherwood arrived at + Sarco very soon and was gratified that the place, with its great quantity + of supplies, was safe. He at once pushed out through Snake Gap in pursuit + of Head. + </p> + <p> + “The next place that Head presented himself with his army was in + front of our garrison at De Kalb, Ala. He withdrew, however, and crossed + into Tennessee, where he rested for near a month, collecting supplies and + recruiting his army. + </p> + <p> + “Sherwood halted his army, and while resting made such dispositions + as were in accordance with the plan to be followed out in the near future. + </p> + <p> + “In the meantime the excitement in the North was very great. Jacob + Thomlinson had returned from Europe and was again in Canada with a large + sum of money, which was freely used in all the States North in attempting + to elect the Democratic candidate, 'Little Mack,' for + President—the man that Thomlinson had suggested in the meeting of + the leaders of the 'Sons of Liberty' at St. Catharines, + Canada, of which I have heretofore spoken. Mobs were now frequent, and bad + blood was stirred up all over the country. + </p> + <p> + “Finding the condition of things very unsatisfactory, I suggested to + Henry that he make a short visit to Canada. He did so, and returned to + Allentown four days before the Presidential election. He had met + Wintergreen, who had returned from England with Thomlinson. He disclosed + to Henry the fact that the rebels were greatly depressed, and were using + all the money they could to defeat the war candidate, Mr. Lincoln; and + that the night before the election a raid would be made on all the + Northern prisons, so that released prisoners might burn and destroy, and + thereby cause such alarm on the day of the election as to prevent as many + as possible from going to the polls. At the same time their friends were + to be in possession of the polls wherever they could. In this way they had + hopes of carrying the election. + </p> + <p> + “I sent this report to the President by letter, which he received in + time to have all the prison guards re-enforced. The attempt was made, + however, but defeated in every instance. In Chicago they were very near + accomplishing their designs. They had cut the water pipes and were making + preparations for the burning of the city. But the attack on the camp was + thwarted, and the leaders arrested and put in prison. John Wall, of whom I + have heretofore spoken, was one of the leaders, and was captured and + imprisoned. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Lincoln was triumphantly elected. Mr. Jacob Thomlinson's + friend, 'Little Mack,' as he called him, was ingloriously + defeated. This indorsement by the people of the war measures and the + manner of their execution was cheering to our loyal people, as well as to + the armies and their commanders. + </p> + <p> + “Soon after the election Sherwood abandoned pursuing Head, leaving + the States of Tennessee and Kentucky, with Head's army scattered + along the main thoroughfares, to be looked after by Papson, with his + forces, preferring himself to take the Armies of the Tennessee and Georgia + and cut loose and march unobstructed to the Sea. On the march, food for + the troops and animals was found in abundance, making this march really a + picnic the most of the way. + </p> + <p> + “While Sherwood was making this march, matters of great interest + were going on in Tennessee. On the last day of November the enemy, + maddened by disappointment in their failure in the North to carry the + election and have their Confederacy recognized, concluded to risk their + all in a great battle for the recapture of the State of Tennessee. Head, + then in command of an army increased to nearly 50,-000, moved across Goose + Run and against our forces at Franktown, where he at once assaulted + Scovens, who had been sent to oppose his advance. Our troops were behind + intrenchments. He attacked with fearful desperation. At no time during the + war did any commander on either side make a more furious and desperate + assault than was made by Head. After forming his lines in double column, + he moved right up to our works, where his men were mowed down by the + hundreds. Gen. Pat Cleber charged time and again with his division, and + hurled them against our works only to be as often driven back with great + slaughter. At last, in a fit of desperation, he led his men up to the very + mouths of our cannon and the muzzles of our muskets. He drove his spurs + into his horse until his forefeet rested on our parapet. In this position + he and his horse were riddled with bullets and fell into the trench, which + was literally running with blood. The desperation of the enemy was such + that they continued their murderous but ineffectual assaults until their + men were exhausted as well as dismayed at their great loss. Thirteen of + his commanding officers fell killed and wounded. Night forced him to + desist. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning his men could not be brought to the slaughter + again. The bloody battle ended and Scoven's men withdrew to Nashua, + three miles to the South of which place Papson's army was + intrenched. Wellston, in command of about 8,000 cavalry, covered both + flanks of our forces. It was now getting along in December. The enemy + moved forward and intrenched in the front and within two miles of Papson. + The weather became very bad for any kind of movement. It rained, hailed, + and sleeted until the country around and about them became very muddy and + swampy, and at times covered with a sheet of sleet and ice. Papson + hesitated to attack and Head could not retreat; so there the two armies + lay shivering in the cold, suffering very greatly, both fearing to take + any decisive steps. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent became quite impatient, believing it to be the time to + strike, as the enemy could not get away. Finally he concluded to relieve + Papson, but notified him of his order. Papson now made ready for an + assault. His command was posted as follows: Gen. A. J. Smithers on the + right, who was to assault the enemy's left, supported by Wellston's + cavalry; Ward was to support Smithers on his left, acting against Monterey + Hill, on the Hillston road; Scovens was to hold the interior line, being + the defense of Nashua. When the time arrived, all being in readiness, the + order was given. The enemy seemed to be totally unaware of the movement. + Smithers and Wellston moved out along the pike. Wheeling to the left they + at once advanced against the enemy. The cavalry first struck the enemy at + the Harden House, near Rich Earth Creek, and drove him back, capturing + many prisoners. One of Smithers's divisions moving with the cavalry, + captured two of the enemy's strong advance positions, with about 400 + prisoners. + </p> + <p> + “At this time Scovens's Corps was put in on Smithers's + right, and the advance was then made by the whole line. Ward's Corps + now found the enemy to Smithers's left, and Gen. Anderson led his + command against Monterey Hill and carried it, capturing a number of + prisoners. Ward's Corps at once advanced against the main line of + the enemy, and after a bloody contest carried it, capturing a great many + prisoners, a number of pieces of artillery, and many stands of colors. The + enemy was now driven out of his entire line of works and fell back to a + second line at the base of Harpan Hills, holding his line of retreat by + way of Franktown. Night closed in and stopped again the play of death. Our + forces were now in possession of sixteen pieces of artillery, with many + officers and 1,200 prisoners, not including wounded. Our troops bivouacked + on their line of battle in order to be ready for any movement in the + morning. + </p> + <p> + “Ward's Corps at six in the morning moved south from Nashua, + striking the enemy and driving him some five miles, to Overton's + Hill, where he had thrown up works and was making a stand. Gen. Sleman now + moved rapidly to Gen. Ward's left. Scovens remained in his position + of the last night. Wellston moved to the enemy's rear and drew up + his line across one of the Franktown roads. + </p> + <p> + “About two o'clock one brigade of Ward's Corps, + supported by Sleman's division, assaulted Overton's Hill, + which was the enemy's center. One of Sleman's brigades was + composed of colored troops. The ground over which they had to assault was + open. The enemy re-enforced his center. The assault was made, but received + by the enemy with a terrible shower of grape, canister and musketry. Our + forces moved steadily on, not wavering in the least, until they had nearly + reached the crest of the hill, when the reserves of the enemy arose from + behind their works and opened one of the most destructive fires ever + witnessed, causing our troops to first halt and then fall back, leaving + many dead and wounded, both black and white indiscriminately, in the + abatis and on the field. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Ward immediately re-formed his command, and all the forces of + the army moved simultaneously against the enemy's works, carrying + every position, breaking the lines in many places, and driving him in + utter rout from his position, capturing all his artillery and thousands of + prisoners, among whom were many officers, including four Generals. Ward + and Wellston pursued the fleeing enemy until by capture and other means + Head's army was entirely destroyed and wiped out of existence as an + organization. It appeared no more in the history of the great rebellion. + Thus were destroyed all the formidable forces of the enemy in the West. + The army of Papson now went into Winter quarters at different points which + were thought necessary to be garrisoned. + </p> + <p> + “Peter, by this time, was growing very weak, having had a relapse, + resulting in a very serious hemorrhage. At his request I had telegraphed + Gen. Papson, stating his great desire to see Gen. Anderson. Upon the + receipt of which, leave was immediately granted the General and he came + home, bringing Lieut. Whitcomb with him. On the way home people greeted + him everywhere with shouts of joy. They could now see that the end was + near, and they were overflowing with gratitude and good feeling. + </p> + <p> + “On their arrival you can imagine the joy of our household. The + meeting between him and Peter was most touching. Both wept like children. + All were much affected; even the two little children wept and sobbed aloud + at the bedside of their Uncle Peter. My wife was quite feeble. She greeted + the General as one of her own sons, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Our dear Peter is not going to live. I see it all, and I + pray God that he may take me also.' + </p> + <p> + “The General encouraged Peter all he could. Ham and Aunt Martha were + as delighted to see the General as were any of his family. We all tried to + be cheerful and in good spirits, but it was very hard to do this under the + circumstances. + </p> + <p> + “The next day after the General reached home he inquired of Ham why + he did not return to the army. Ham said: + </p> + <p> + “'I fuss done thought I would, and den I knowed I be no use, + kase you so far off, and I feared I not jes' safe gwine trough dem + Sesh lines down dar; and den I knowed, too, dat you kin git as many + niggers as you wants dat am jes' as good as Ham is, 'ceptin + when you done wants good tings to eat, sech like as chickens. Ham can + allers get dem when dey is 'round and skeered of the Sesh. I all de + time noticed dey is powerful feared ob de Sesh', Marsa Lyon. De + General know dat am so.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Ham, you must be ready to go back with me when I + return.' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh, yes, Marsa; oh, yes! I go all right; I will, sho' + as you is bawn. But I tells you dat Marsa Peter am powerful bad, he am, + sho'. I dream it all out las' night. Missus, she be right in + dat. He be agoin' dis time, and no mistake. Dat dream ob de Missus + be all come 'round.' + </p> + <p> + “'That will do, Ham; you go and talk to Aunt Martha about your + dreams.' + </p> + <p> + “'All right, Marsa, all right, sah; but you mine what I tole + you.' + </p> + <p> + “The next day Joseph Dent came in, and we had a long conversation on + the subject of the war, the Golden Circle and the Sons of Liberty. He said + that they were alarmed, and quite a number had refused to meet recently, + but that the Grand Commander had issued a call for a meeting to be held in + Canada some time soon, where many of the leading men were again to + assemble and take into consideration some new plan for aiding the + rebellion. After he left for home the General, Henry and I consulted as to + the best plan to get at what those men in Canada were working up. They had + tried mobs and riots in New York and other places, had tried releasing + prisoners, burning and destroying cities, scattering disease in our + hospitals, and army raids, guerrilla warfare, etc., and had failed in all. + Now what next? We thought that it would be best for Henry and Seraine to + return to Detroit; that Henry again should visit Canada, and, by him the + information could be communicated to me. This being understood, they left + the next day. James Whitcomb, having gone immediately home on his arrival + at Allentown, would be with his parents and Seraine, while Henry should + visit in Canada. + </p> + <p> + “Peter was now apparently improving and we felt he might possibly + recover. The news of Sherwood's safe arrival at the Sea having been + received, the people were greatly rejoiced. They felt that the Spring + campaign would probably end the rebellion. The country was full of hope + and the drooping spirits of anxious people were much revived. Things went + on in this way and our family enjoyed themselves as best they could. Mary + Anderson and Jennie Lyon, David's widow, and the two little girls, + made our home as pleasant as possible But my poor wife grew weaker all the + time, which gave us much concern. + </p> + <p> + “Henry had arrived in Canada, and again found his friend + Wintergreen. They were now visiting different places. Henry had written + Seraine and she came down to Allentown, spending two days with us, and at + the same time posting the General and myself as to the movements of the + conspirators. Thomlinson had called the leaders of the Northern Sons of + Liberty to again assemble at St. Catharines the last Thursday in January. + Henry had concluded to remain and learn fully their intentions and + schemes. I told Seraine to say to him that his proposition to remain was + approved. I sent to the President the information and Henry's + intention, in answer to which I received a very kind and touching letter + from one of his Secretaries, exhibiting great sympathy for my family and + deploring our misfortunes. + </p> + <p> + “Time moved on, and the General was preparing to leave for his + command, when Peter became very much worse; and, also, my wife was growing + weaker and losing her mind. Peter was coughing very often and having + slight hemorrhages. The physician pronounced him to be in a very critical + condition. One morning Aunt Martha came running into the parlor where the + family were sitting, and with much anxiety cried out: + </p> + <p> + “'Marsa Lyon and Marsa Gen'l, come to Marsa Peter, + quick; 'cause he bleed to deff if you not hurry.' + </p> + <p> + “We ran to him quickly. He was bleeding profusely, holding his head + over the edge of the bed. He could only speak in a gurgling whisper. He + took me by the hand and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Father, it is all over with me; soon there will be but one + finger left.' + </p> + <p> + “We laid him back on the pillow, and without another word or + struggle he passed away. Good bless my poor son!” + </p> + <p> + “Amen!” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel soon proceeded, saying: “But, my good friends, this was + not my only grief. We tried to keep his death from his mother. She, in her + delirium, was constantly speaking of her dear son Peter, and crying. She + seemed to have no thought except of Peter and the constant shadow of her + dream. The day of Peter's funeral her reason seemed to return and + her strength revived. She asked for all of us to come into her room, and + we did so. When she saw that Peter was not with us, she inquired why. I + answered that he could not come. I then broke down and left her room + weeping. She saw it, and, with strength that she had not shown for many + weeks, arose, and leaping to the floor rushed past all into the parlor, + and there saw Peter lying a corpse. She shrieked and fell on his remains. + We lifted her and carried her back to her bed. She was dead!” + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0025" id="linkimage-0025"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0382.jpg" + alt="Mrs. Lyon Dies at Peter's Coffin 382 " /> + </div> + <p> + Uncle Daniel sank back into his chair overcome with his sorrows. The + severe trials through which he had passed, re-called again, opened the + flood of sorrow, which well nigh swept him away. We withdrew for the + present, with intense sympathy for the old hero and a feeling that the + Government had sadly neglected him. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0019" id="link2HCH0019"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIX. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + THE SCHEME TO CAPTURE OR KILL THE PRESIDENT AND GEN. + SILENT.—A VILLANOUS PLOT.—THE RECKLESS AND DESPERATE + SCHEMES OF THE CONSPIRATORS.—THE PLAN REVEALED.—THE + PRESIDENT AND GEN. SILENT WARNED OF THEIR DANGER. + + “I could a tale unfold, whose lightest word + Would harrow up thy soul, freeze up thy young body.” + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + “The death of my son Peter and my beloved wife cast such a deep + gloom over our household that it seemed we never could rally again to do + anything for ourselves or our country. Gen. Anderson returned to his + command a sad and despondent man. He had left Ham to look after things for + us at home, our family now being reduced to Jennie Lyon, Mary Anderson, + the two children, Ham, Martha and myself. We were lonely in the extreme, + and seemed, for some cause undis-coverable to us, to be drinking the + bitter dregs from the poisoned chalice. Ham and Aunt Martha saw my + distress and tried in their honest and simple way to pour consolation into + my soul. The little children, in their childish simplicity, seemed to be + the only fountain whence I could drink draughts of comfort in my lonely + hours of distress. Seraine came to our house to attend the funeral, as + Henry could not reach home in time to be with us and see the last of his + mother and brother. I wrote him by his wife and directed him to remain. He + came to Detroit terribly broken down with grief, and returned, sad and + dejected, to Canada. He was frequently interrogated as to the cause of his + melancholy, but parried it as best he could. + </p> + <p> + “About the 12th of February he returned to Detroit, and, bringing + Seraine with him, came to my house. Our meeting was mixed with joy and + sadness. The ladies, as well as my myself, were very much gratified at + having dear Seraine (as we all called her) with us again. She conversed so + sensibly on the subject of our misfortunes that she made us almost feel + that they must be for our good. + </p> + <p> + “As soon as we could do so, Henry and I sat down to talk over the + situation in Canada and the schemes of the conspirators. He reported to me + all he had seen or heard on the question of the war, stating in the + beginning that there was no time to lose. When he found Wintergreen they + set out for a trip through Canada. After visiting many places and meeting + various persons from the South who had been in Canada for the purpose of + aiding in carrying the Presidential election in favor of the anti-war or + Democratic party, but who had not been able to return since the election, + and were waiting, Micawber-like, for something to turn up, they had + finally arrived at Montreal, where they again met Joseph Thomlinson and + quite a number of faces to them unfamiliar. These persons were evidently + there for some purpose looking to the success of the rebellion. Thomlinson + received them kindly, inquired of Winter-green how he felt since his + return from London, and asked many questions about certain people at + Windsor. Henry was also interrogated as to how matters looked to him, to + which he answered that the signs were not so favorable as heretofore. + </p> + <p> + “Thomlinson went into a long disquisition on the recent campaigns. + He denounced Gen. Head, who had been so utterly destroyed by Papson, as a + 'brainless ass,' and spoke of Gen. Laws as having lost much of + his vigor and daring. He said that if Gen. Wall, their greatest General, + was alive, he would drive Silent out of Virginia in one month. He said + that the re-election of Lincoln was a severe blow to them; that they had + been deceived by their Northern friends. They had been led to believe that + there was no doubt of Little Mac's election, with a liberal + expenditure of money; that he had drawn checks and paid out for that + purpose on behalf of the Confederacy $1,100,000, and seemed to think that + unless measures were taken at once to strike consternation into the hearts + of the Northern people all would be lost; that the President of the + Confederacy and his Cabinet had been all along expecting some great result + from the efforts of their Northern allies, and especially from the efforts + of Valamburg and Thomas A. Strider. + </p> + <p> + “'True,' he said, 'Valamburg had been very much + hampered by the suspicions resting upon him in the minds of the people, + but it was not so with Strider. He could have done a great deal more if he + had not been so timid. He (Strider) seemed to think that he could secure + the success of the Confederacy by crippling the U. S. Government in + opposing legislation and breeding strife and jealousies in the Union + armies. 'But,' he continued, 'Lincoln is an old fox, and + soon smelled out those little devices of Strider. He has completely + checkmated him and his friends who were acting on his line, by relieving + from command all those who were playing into Stridor's hands, and + has put in their places a set of fanatics, who are fighting on moral + grounds alone.' + </p> + <p> + “He spoke of Silent as a man who did not value life or anything + else, saying that he was a superstitious man, who believed that he was + merely an instrument in the hands of the Almighty to wipe out slavery. Not + only so, but believed that he was guided and directed in all his movements + by the mysterious hand of Providence. So he (Thomlinson) could not see the + use of relying longer on any satisfactory result to come from the course + being pursued by their Northern friends. He said they must act more + openly, energetically and promptly, if they were to help the Confederacy. + </p> + <p> + “There were two men present that Henry thought he had seen somewhere + before, but could not place them. One was a medium-sized man, with rather + dark complexion, dark hair, eyes and mustache. He was introduced as a Mr. + Wilkes. The other was a young man, perhaps thirty years of age, slight, + with brown hair, blue eyes and no beard, named John Page. These two men + seemed nervous and uneasy; they conversed but little. The man Wilkes + remarked that there was but one way, which was a part of every + insurrection, and he was in favor of that way. Page agreed with him, both + seeming to understand the proposition; yet it was not stated in the + conversation at that time what Wilkes meant by 'but one way.' + </p> + <p> + “Thomlinson made no answer to Wilkes or Page, but continued by + saying: + </p> + <p> + “'I have called the leading men of our organization to meet + again at St. Catharines, on the first Tuesday in February, and at that + time there must be some scheme devised and agreed upon that will turn the + scale, or all will be lost, and we will all be wandering vagabonds over + the face of the earth.' + </p> + <p> + “Henry inquired if Mr. Carey was in the city. Thomlin-son said no; + that he was in Richmond, but would be at their meeting if he could get + through the lines, in doing which they had met with no trouble heretofore. + Winter-green said that the people where he had been, who were friendly, + were now very despondent and greatly alarmed for the safety of Richmond, + as well as the Confederacy; that everything seemed to be against them of + late. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' replied Thomlinson, 'we have much to + discourage us, and at the same time all can be regained that we have lost + if our friends will settle upon some good plan and carry it out. But it + does seem that all our plans and schemes so far have been abortive. Our + first great scheme of burning the Northern cities failed by the burning of + the Will-o'-the-Wisp and the loss of Dr. Mears and Prof. + McCul-lough; and also of the material accumulated by Dr. Black-man. We + stirred up riots in New York city and elsewhere in opposition to the + draft, with a promise from Valamburg, Strider, McMasterson, and B. Wudd + that our friends would come to the rescue and make resistance everywhere.. + But these men failed to stand by their promises. The inaugurating of riots + and the employment of men to engage in them cost the Confederacy $500,000. + We undertook to release prisoners from all the Northern prisons, We + purchased arms and smuggled them to our friends sufficient to have armed + all the prisoners. This was all that was wanting, our friends North stated + to me; but when the time came, which was the last night before the + Presidential election, at Camp Chase the effort was too feeble to be + recognized, and at Chicago, where we were assured that the prisoners would + be released and the city burned and destroyed, what was the result? They + cut one or two water-pipes, and Wall, Greenfel and Buckner were arrested. + All our arms were found in Wall's cellar, and taken possession of by + our enemies. Mr. Eagle and Mr. N. Judy Corn-ington were not on hand, + neither as actors nor advisers; and so it is. The arms, ammunition and + hire for smuggling them through cost a half million dollars. This kind of + work will not do. It is not only expensive, but fruitless.' + </p> + <p> + “He then stated to those present that he wished them all to attend + the next meeting, as mentioned, and to study up in the meantime, some + well-defined plan for successful operations. Henry and Wintergreen left + for other points, and returned to St. Catharines on the day appointed for + the meeting, where they met with many additional persons, strangers to + both of them. The delegates assembled in the same hall, in the rear of the + Victoria Hotel, as before. They were called to order by the Grand + Commander of the Sons of Liberty, Mr. Valamburg, of Dayburg, O. All were + seated and the roll was then called by Wintergreen, who was the Secretary. + </p> + <p> + “Illinois was first called. Wm. Spangler and John Richardson + answered; from Indiana, Messrs. Dorsing and Bowlin; Ohio, Valamburg and + Massey; Pennsylvania, Wovelson and Moore; New York, McMasterson and B. + Wudd; Missouri, Col. Burnett and Marmalade; Kansas, Stringfelter; Iowa, + Neal Downing; Wisconsin, Domblazer; Nebraska, Martin; Arkansas, Walters; + Connecticut, Eastman; Vermont, Phillips; Massachusetts, Perry; Maine, + Pillbox; Rhode Island, no answer; New Jersey, Rogers. Prom Richmond, for + the South, there were Thomlinson and C. C. Carey, the latter having just + arrived. Other names, not remembered, save those of Messrs. Wilkes and + Page, who were admitted as representing the District of Columbia. + </p> + <p> + “After the necessary examinations were made by a committee, the + persons mentioned, with several others, were admitted to seats in the + assembly. Henry was selected by Wintergreen to assist him in his duties as + Secretary. The preliminaries being settled, the Chairman (Valamburg) was + quite severe in his strictures against Dan Bowen, Thos. A. Strider, C. H. + Eagle and N. Judy Cornington for not attending, saying he had letters from + each of those gentlemen promising to be present. He characterized their + conduct as cowardly and they as sunshine friends, which was loudly + applauded by all. + </p> + <p> + “After remarks by quite a number of delegates on the situation and + probabilities of the success of the Confederacy, which were generally + tinged with ill-forebodings, a committee of five was appointed to take + into consideration and report to the assembly ways and means by which the + rebellion could be materially assisted. This report was to be submitted + the next day at 12 o'clock. The meeting then adjourned until that + time. + </p> + <p> + “During the evening a variety of discussions were indulged in by + various delegates in favor of different schemes. Some went so far as to + favor the assassination of many of our leading men. Wilkes, Page, and + quite a number of persons from the South were in favor of assassinating + the President and Gen. Silent, with such others as the necessity of the + case demanded. And so the conversation and discussions ran until the + meeting of delegates the next day. + </p> + <p> + “At 12 o'clock the assembly was called to order by Valamburg. + When the roll had been called and all were quiet, the Chairman inquired of + the committee if they were ready to report. The Chairman, Mr. Carey, arose + with great dignity and responded that the committee, after due + consideration of the many suggestions submitted to them, were now ready to + report. He was invited to take the stand, which he did. + </p> + <p> + “He said that, preliminary to reporting, he desired to make an + explanation, which was as follows: That on his return from Montreal to + Richmond, since the Presidential election, in viewing the many disasters + that had recently befallen the Confederacy, the authorities at Richmond + suggested to him to ascertain if he could communicate in some way with the + newly elected Vice-President, and discover his attitude towards the people + of the South. This was accomplished by sending one of the Vice-President's + old friends from North Carolina to Nashua, who being a citizen, and not in + any way connected with the Confederate army, easily passed through the + Union lines to Nashua, where the Vice-President-elect was residing at the + time. There was no difficulty in agreeing to an interview between himself + and Carey, it being understood that Carey was to pass into Nashua in + disguise and let the Vice-President know in some way where he was + stopping, and the interview was then to be arranged. In pursuance of this + agreement, Carey made the trip to Nashua disguised as a Louis City + merchant, and passing by the name of Thos. E. Hope. He had no difficulty + in getting into Nashua, but for fear of recognition, went directly to the + house of a rebel friend by the name of Hanson, and remained in a room in + the rear of the second story of the house. Through the lady of the house + the Vice-President elect was informed of the presence of Mr. Carey. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning the Vice-President visited the house of Mr. + Hanson, and he and Carey had the contemplated interview. Carey said that + in the interview the Vice-President contended for peace on the terms of a + restored Union, but agreed with the Democrats of the North that the + restoration should be on the basis of the old Constitution. Carey said + that in answer to the question as to what he would do if he were + President, the Vice-President said that he would restore the Union if he + could on the old basis, but that the people were tired of war and taxes, + and that unless Silent could drive Laws out of Richmond, capture it, and + destroy the Confederate army during the next Spring campaign, the + Confederacy must be recognized and the war ended. + </p> + <p> + “At this the assembly heartily cheered. Carey also said that in + answer to the question as to the powers of the Vice-President, in case of + the absence of the President, if he should be so situated that he could + not return to perform the duties of the office, the Vice-President replied + that such a case as stated would certainly come under the provision of the + Constitution, wherein it is recited that in case of the death, + resignation, or inability of the President to discharge the powers and + duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President; + that under such circumstances he should at once assume the duties of the + office, but hoped that such a case would not arise while he was + Vice-President. + </p> + <p> + “Carey stated that the Vice-President said that he had always been a + Union man, but that he was a Democrat, and had never been anything else, + and did not propose to be; that he was placed on the Republican ticket + without being consulted. Therefore he did not feel under any obligations + to that party. He also stated that he recognized the fact that when it was + evident that the Union could be held together only by subjugating the + people of the South, it was statesmanship to let them go, and stop further + bloodshed. This also brought applause. + </p> + <p> + “Carey further stated that the Vice-President expressed a + willingness to meet privately with any of our leading men of the South at + any time when and where it could be done without danger to either party. + With this the interview ended. When the parties separated the + Vice-President bade him good-by and grasped his hand in the most friendly + and cordial manner. He said if Carey should experience any trouble in + getting back to Richmond to let him know. + </p> + <p> + “Carey left the next morning, and returning to Richmond reported the + interview precisely as it occurred, at which the authorities were greatly + pleased, and thought it opened a way for success, knowing the character of + the man, his stubbornness, his egotism, and that he possessed a belief + that he was destined to be President of the United States at some time. It + was not intended to say any more to him than to ascertain his views on a + given state of facts, and having accomplished this much, the authorities + at Richmond felt sure that if the President of the United States could by + some means be captured and spirited away, and Silent also, or either of + them, the success of the Confederacy would be assured beyond question. In + the event of the capture and hiding away of the President, the + Vice-President would surely assume the powers and duties of President. The + friends of the Confederacy in Congress could then so cripple the + Government that no doubt could longer exist of success. He said it was + thought that in the event the President could not be captured, a party + could be organized who could, without much risk, surprise and capture Gen. + Silent. This done, Laws would at once assume the aggressive, drive Meador + and his army back on Washington, and continue the war beyond the next + Spring, so that the friends of the Confederacy could regain strength, and, + with the Vice-President in favor of the recognition of the Confederate + Government, it could not be longer postponed. But the great thing to be + accomplished, he said, was the capture of Mr. Lincoln; that would end all + controversy. + </p> + <p> + “This seemed to strike the audience, and they cheered the + proposition. Carey then stated that this was the first proposition the + committee desired to present. He had other important ones, however, that + must be considered by the assembly. While in Richmond he found many men of + great courage and daring who were ready to do anything to bring success if + they could be sustained and protected. The authorities gave him the + proposals and directed him to lay them before this assembly. + </p> + <p> + “The second was made by a foreigner—a man of good family in + Europe, and a most daring and courageous man, an educated soldier, who had + been successful in very many daring enterprises heretofore. His + proposition was read to the assembly, being a verbatim copy of the one + this party had made to the President of the Confederacy through the + Confederate Secretary of War, which was as follows: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + “'Secretary of War of the Southern Confederacy. + + “'Sir: In reference to the subject upon which I had the + honor to converse with you yesterday, and on account of + which you bade me call to-day, I take herewith the freedom + to address this most respectful writing to you. Your Honor + seemed to hesitate in giving me an affirmative answer to my + statement because I was unknown to you. Permit me to remark + that, notwithstanding I can give you no references in this + country, I am, nevertheless, worthy of your high confidence. + My grandfather, Maj. Baron De Kalb, fell in the + Revolutionary War of this country. * * * I received an + education proportionate to the means of my parents, and + served in the Crimean war as Second Lieutenant of Engineers. + * * * I landed in Quebec, Canada, in November last, and + arrived in Washington, D. C, about three weeks ago. I cannot + perceive why you should require any references or + confidence, for I do not expect personally to reap any + benefit before the strict performance of what I undertake. + The task I know is connected with some danger, but never + will it, in any event, become known in the North that the + Southern Confederacy had anything whatever to do with it. + + “'The whole matter resolves itself, therefore, into this one + question: Does the Southern Confederacy consider the + explosion of the Federal Capitol at a time when Abe, his + myrmidons, and the Northern Congress are all assembled + together, of sufficient importance to grant me, in case of + success, a commission as Colonel of Topographical Engineers, + and the sum of $1,000,000? If so, your Honor may most + explicitly expect the transaction to be carried into + execution between the 4th and 6th of the month. * * * I + trust you will not press in regard to the manner in which I + intend to perform it, or anything connected with the + execution. + + “'In case of an affirmative answer there is no time to + spare; and to show you still further my sincerity, I will + even refrain from asking for any pecuniary assistance in + carrying the project through, notwithstanding my means are, + for such an undertaking, very limited, and that some funds + would materially lighten my task, diminish the danger, and + doubly insure success. * * * I intend to throw myself at a + convenient place into Maryland and to enter Washington by + way of Baltimore. + + “'Very respectfully, your obedient servant, “' + + (Signed) + C. L. V. DeKalb.' +</pre> + <p> + “Carey said that this man was in the employ of the Confederacy, but + that the authorities would not adopt his scheme without the indorsement of + their Northern friends, so that those friends could have warning and not + be endangered at the time. This man being a foreigner, and not + understanding the situation, regarded all Northern men alike and would + destroy one as soon as another. Therefore, those having the authority to + do so, would not accept the proposition unless due notice could be + secretly given, under the obligations of the Sons of Liberty, to their + friends in Congress. Carey said he thought this a very dangerous + undertaking on account of the friends who might be imperiled, but felt + that there was no doubt but it could be accomplished. + </p> + <p> + “Walters spoke up at this point, saying this proposition was not + feasible at all, and a number assented to his remark. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Carey said the third proposition was also in the form of a + communication, and was placed in his hands by the authorities in Richmond + for consideration by the Northern friends, and was in the following + language, which he proceeded to read: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + “'Boston P.O., Ga. “'Jefferson Davis. + + “'Sir: Having a desire to be of benefit to the Southern + States is the only excuse I can offer for addressing you + this letter; and believing the best plan would be to dispose + of the leading characters of the North, for that reason I + have experimented in certain particulars that will do this + without difficulty; although it is quite an underhanded + manner of warfare, and not knowing whether it would meet + with your approbation or not, prevents me from giving you a + full account of the material used, although I believe any + one of them would take the life of a Southern man in any way + they could. If you wish, write to me and get the whole + process. + + “'Hoping for your good health and future victory. “' + + (Signed) + J. S. Paramore.' +</pre> + <p> + “Said Carey: 'This man was sent for and closely examined as to + what he proposed, and by the experiments made by our best scientists they + were of opinion that his plan could be made a success, as the process was + without doubt effective. The question, however, was not as to the process + by which this could be done, but must we resort to it? Had all other means + failed?' + </p> + <p> + “The other proposition was on the same line, but proposing a + different mode of execution, which Carey also read: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + “'Headquarters 63d Ga. Reg't., + + “'Near Savannah. “'To President Davis. + + “'Mr. President: After long meditation and much reflection + on the subject of this communication, I have determined to + intrude it upon you, earnestly hoping my motives will + constitute a full vindication for such presumption on the + part of one so humble and obscure as myself, though I must + say that the evidences of your Christian humility almost + assure me. I propose, with your permission, to assist in + organizing a number of select men, say not less than 300 to + 500, to go into the United States and assassinate, for + instance, Seward, Lincoln, Greeley, Prentice, and others, + considering it necessary to the chances of success at this + time. I will only say a few words as to the opinion of its + effects. I have made it a point to elicit the opinion of + many men upon this subject, in whose good sense I have great + confidence, and while a difference of opinion to some extent + is almost inevitable, most have confidence in its benefit to + us. The most plausible argument seems to be that to impress + upon the Northern mind that for men in high places there to + wield their influence in favor of the barbarisms they have + been so cruelly practicing upon us is to jeopardize their + lives; for distinguished leaders there to feel that the + moment they array hordes for our desolation, at that moment + their existence is in the utmost peril—this would produce + hesitation and confusion that would hasten peace and our + independence. With these meager suggestions upon the subject + I will leave it for this time. If you deem the matter worthy + of any encouragement, and will so apprize me, I believe I + can give you such evidences of loyalty and integrity of + character as will entitle it to your consideration. So far + as I am concerned, I will say, however, that I was born and + raised in Middle Georgia. All my relationships and + affections are purely Southern. I was opposed to secession, + but am now committed to the death against subjugation or + reunion with men of whose instincts and moral character, + till this war, I was totally ignorant. If I have insulted + any scruple or religious principle of yours I beg to be + pardoned. I neglected to state in the proper place that I + am an officer in the volunteer service. + + “'Begging your respectful attention to this communication, + + “I am, your Excellency's most obedient servant, + + “'H. C. Durham, 63d Ga.' +</pre> + <p> + “The reading of this communication was received with cheers from + quite a number of those present, principally Southern men. Carey said that + the Secretary of War had sent for Durham, and that he was then at + Richmond. He was a fine looking, intelligent man, terribly in earnest. + This was thought, although there was hesitancy about it in the Cabinet, to + be a much more feasible undertaking than the attempt to explode the + Capitol at Washington. The necessity for some radical measure to be + adopted and put into execution at once was the reason for these documents + having been taken from the archives and placed in the present hands in + their original form. + </p> + <p> + “Lieut. W. Alston, of Sulphur Springs, Va., who was present, as + stated by Carey, also proposed to the authorities at Richmond to undertake + to rid the country of the Confederacy's most deadly enemies, and + authorized the committee to say that he, here and now, renewed his + proposition; all of which Carey submitted to the assembly for their + consideration. + </p> + <p> + “The propositions having been submitted in due form, the Chairman + stated that they were before the assembly and open for consideration. + Jacob Thomlinson opened the discussion, and said that these propositions + were of the most vital importance; that the success of the Confederacy + hung upon the action of this assembly. The authorities were waiting with + bated breath until they could hear what their Northern friends would + consider proper and feasible to be at once entered upon. He wanted no more + promises without performance. He would save the Confederacy by any means + if he could, and would consider himself justified. If some of these + measures had been resorted to much earlier it would have been better. He + said that war was mere barbarism and cruelty; that plunder, burning, + pillage and assassination were merely the concomitants, and a part of the + system, of all wars; that when men make war it means crime, rapine and + murder, and those engaging in it should so understand. Each party is + expected to capture all of the enemy that can be so taken, and to kill all + that resist. It was proper to pick out and deliberately shoot down the + Generals. He asked if it would be any worse to secretly capture Lincoln + and Silent, the two leaders and commanders of all the United States + forces, or to assassinate either or both of them, than to shoot them near + our lines. He contended that if either or both of them should be seen near + the Confederate lines they would be shot down, and the persons doing it + would be rewarded with medals of honor, and would go down into history as + great patriots for performing the act. If this were true, as all must + concede, why should it be considered a dark and damnable deed in time of + war, when a great and dire necessity required, for two such tyrants to be + put out of the way in the cause of liberty? He insisted that no difference + could exist, save in the minds of individuals morbid on the subject of + human life. He said that he had witnessed enough shamming, and heard + enough shallow professions, and wanted no more of either; that the + promises of some of their Northern friends, already broken, had cost the + Confederacy millions of dollars in coin, and had left him individually + bankrupt and impoverished. There had been nothing but a series of failures + growing out of the pretenses of some of their Northern allies. He was very + severe on many of them, especially on Cornington and Eagle, of Chicago, + and Strider and Bowen, of Indiana, all of whom he charged with getting + large sums of money for use in the late election and for other purposes. + He said they neither accounted for its disposition, nor had they entered + an appearance, after promising on their obligation to do so. This he + considered the most unwarranted course of conduct of which any one could + have been guilty—no less than the deepest-dyed perfidy. When he + closed his speech he was cheered to the echo.” Dr. Adams said: + “This man Thomlinson was a very brutal man in his instincts. He + seemed also to have been out of humor with his co-conspirators. He was + certainly very angry and much disappointed that his schemes had all + failed. But how an intelligent man could argue and justify assassination, + as he seemed to do, I cannot understand.” + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush replied: “Doctor, you must see that this man, no matter + what he may have been in former years, had become a hardened, inhuman + wretch. Do you not remember that he was the same person who employed men + to gather poisoned clothes for the distribution of disease, as well as his + attempt to have our cities burned, but was thwarted by Divine Providence, + in my judgment?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, I remember all this, and God knows that seemed the extreme of + barbarism and inhumanity; but his last proposition in his argument was + deliberate, cold-blooded murder in order to gain a political end; and to + think of Northern men listening at any time to such propositions without + remonstrance or disapproval in any way makes me shudder.” + </p> + <p> + “They seemed to indorse it instead of manifesting disapproval,” + said Ingelsby, “and I have no doubt they favored it, and in some way + assisted in trying to have it carried out.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, yes,” said Uncle Daniel; “the half of the + treachery and diabolical deeds of many of our Northern men, now leaders, + is not known or understood; but, my dear friends, I will continue my + story: + </p> + <p> + “When Thomlinson had concluded his remarks, Valamburg followed in a + like strain, and concluded with a 'so help him God' that he + was ready for any enterprise to serve-the Confederacy, no matter how dark + nor how desperate and bloody. This was received with a wild shout, as + though some rebel victory had been announced. + </p> + <p> + “Walters, of Arkansas, then addressed the assembly. He said he was + in favor of the first proposition; that there seemed to be something + practical in it. Since their last meeting he had been all over the North, + even in Washington city, and there was not the slightest difficulty in + passing to and fro without any questions being asked. He said he saw the + President riding out beyond Georgetown with only one person accompanying + him; that there would not have been the slightest trouble in five men + capturing him and crossing the river into Virginia, or retreating into + Maryland and passing along on byways with him to where he could have been + securely kept until a chance was afforded for conveying him to some more + secure place. So far as putting him out of the way was concerned, there + would not be the slightest difficulty in doing that, but he thought the + other the best, taking all things into consideration. The one would be + considered a clean trick, and perfectly legitimate warfare, while the + other would not, and would arouse the Northern people to more energetic + measures. He said that he did not think there would be very great + difficulty in capturing Silent; that he had made inquiry about him, and + found that he seldom had anything more than a few men as escort, and kept + but a small company as his headquarters guard; that 100 good, picked men + could capture him almost any night. If they even failed, it would only + make those who attempted it prisoners of war, so that they would be + exchanged. This, if accomplished, in case of either Lincoln or Silent, + would secure the Confederacy. With Lincoln captured, the Vice-President + would only be too glad to have an excuse for the recognition of the + Confederacy. With Silent captured, Gen. Laws would again be master of the + situation. Silent was the only match for him in the United States. So far + as the Vice-President was concerned, he was in a bad humor with the whole + administration. He (Walters) had seen him and conversed with him since the + time mentioned at which Mr. Carey had his interview. Walters had been at + Nashua, and remained for several days unmolested, and had talked freely + with quite a number of persons who were intimate with the Vice-President, + and who were conversant with his views and knew his feelings. He said that + the Vice-President suggested to him to get through the lines and go to + Richmond, and say to the authorities there that if he were President he + would recognize the Southern Confederacy; but he (Walters) did not then + have full confidence in what he was saying, as he was rather in his cups + at the time. But since he had heard what Mr. Carey had learned in his + interview with him he had no further reason to doubt his sincerity. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Wilkes here interposed and asked whether the whole question of + recognition by the Vice-President did not entirely depend upon the capture + and successful spiriting away of Lincoln. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Walters answered in the affirmative. + </p> + <p> + “Wilkes then said: 'Suppose this scheme should fail, what + then?' + </p> + <p> + “'Walters remarked that that was a question to be determined + by this meeting, and that he did not wish to decide it in advance. + </p> + <p> + “Mr. Spangler, from Illinois, said that he did not desire to detain + the assembly with a long speech, but he wished to impress upon the minds + of the delegates present that in the State from which he came, he did not + think the assassination of Lincoln and Silent would be indorsed, as it + would raise such a storm there that all their friends would be driven from + the State. He was in favor of their capture and, in fact, anything that + was thought necessary; but as he lived in the same town with Mr. Lincoln, + he would not like to be forced to stem the torrent if he, Lincoln, should + be assassinated. He would cheerfully vote for the first proposition, and + at the same time pay $100 into the general pool for that purpose. This + brought down the house—money seemed to be the one thing they greatly + desired. He said: 'Now, Mr. Chairman, who is the Treasurer?' + </p> + <p> + “The Chairman answered that Mr. Thomlinson had the disbursing as + well as the authority to receive all funds for the carrying out of the + objects of the meeting. + </p> + <p> + “'Then,' said Spangler, 'here is my $100.' + handing it to Thomlinson. This started the ball, and in a few minutes + $5,000 were raised and handed over to Thomlinson, who thanked the friends + for their liberality. + </p> + <p> + “The debate here closed and the vote was taken on the propositions. + The Chairman said he would put the third, or last, proposition first, + which was, whether the assembly would indorse the proposition of Capt. + Alston and Mr. Durham, who proposed to organize a force and assassinate + the leading men of the North who are prominent in the war against the + South, and recommend the authorities of the Southern Confederacy to carry + out the proposed project. The question being stated, the vote was taken. + Being very close, the roll had to be called, and the proposition was lost + by three votes. + </p> + <p> + “The next proposition was the one submitted by De Kalb to the + Confederacy, to blow up the Capitol at Washington when Congress should be + in session. The vote being taken, this proposition was lost; it being + deemed inexpedient on account of the danger of destroying so many of their + own friends. + </p> + <p> + “The last proposition to be voted on was whether the assembly would + recommend to the authorities at Richmond to organize a force and capture + Lincoln and Silent, or either of them, and hold the captive or captives + until the Confederacy should be recognized. This question was taken and + carried unanimously with a great hurrah and three cheers for the man or + men who should accomplish this most desirable object. + </p> + <p> + “After the proposition had been agreed to, Mr. Page and Capt. Alston + both desired to know what was to be done, if anything, should this attempt + to capture those men fail. Quite a discussion here arose, during which + considerable feeling was shown on the part of some of the Southern men. + Finally they determined to recommend that Wilkes, Page, Alston and Durham + be put in charge and organize for the purpose mentioned, and that they + receive their instructions directly from Jacob Thomlinson. One of these + men should go to Richmond with C. C. Carey, and there meet Durham and + consult with the authorities as to the route to be adopted in getting into + and out of Washington, and the means to be resorted to for their + assistance and protection; also that, in the event of failure in capturing + either of those men, then in that case they, or some of them, were to + return to Canada and confer further with Thomlinson; and whatever measures + he and they should adopt that looked like bringing success were to be + carried out, with the understanding that the assembly here and now + assented to it; which it did, and appointed Mr. Thom-linson with power to + act as fully as if the matter had been laid before it and agreed to by a + vote. + </p> + <p> + “This concluded the business of the delegates, and they adjourned to + meet on the call of the Grand Commander at any future time when necessary + for the benefit of the cause of the Confederacy. Henry remained a day or + so in order to note any further developments. Carey and Page left at once + for Richmond, intending to make their way in disguise by rail into West + Virginia, and from there to Richmond. Wilkes started for New York and + Alston for Buffalo. They were to make their way to Baltimore, and meet + there on a certain day and remain until Page should return from Richmond + with Durham. They were then to have an understanding as to how they should + operate. Before leaving they all had a secret meeting with Thomlin-son, + but what instructions they received of a private nature Henry did not + know, except that he learned if their scheme should fail, one or more of + them were to return at once to Canada and consult further with Thomlinson + as to their future operations. + </p> + <p> + “'I required this to be written in full by Henry, and leaving + him and his wife, Seraine, with what of our family was now left, I + telegraphed to the President: + </p> + <p> + “'Stay indoors; important; am coming! + </p> + <p> + “(Signed)Daniel.' + </p> + <p> + “'I at once left for Washington, feeling that time was + important. The desperation of these men was such that they would undertake + an enterprise of any kind, and the condition of the Confederacy such that + nothing less than some heroic remedy would avail anything. + </p> + <p> + “When I arrived at Washington it was early in the morning. I + directed my steps toward the Executive Mansion. On arriving at the door + the usher recognized me, but said that the President had not been to + breakfast. + </p> + <p> + “'I said: 'I do not wish to disturb him, but it is very + important that I see him before a crowd comes in. I will remain here.' + </p> + <p> + “He stepped in and very soon returned, and at once showed me to the + President's office up-stairs. He was waiting for me, and as I + entered he came forward with both hands extended, and said, 'My dear + friend Lyon, how are you?' + </p> + <p> + “I answered him as to my health in a sad tone. He spoke of my great + afflictions in the most tender manner, and inquired as to the telegram. + </p> + <p> + “'I said: 'Mr. President, this paper,' handing him + Henry's report, 'will explain it.' + </p> + <p> + “He said: 'This is a long paper—as long as a President's + message,' and laughed, saying, 'I expect you have been writing + one for me?' + </p> + <p> + “'I replied that it was an important message for a President. + At this he laughed, and said: + </p> + <p> + “'That is quite good, and is a very wise distinction; but,' + said he, 'we will not read it now. When we get our breakfast, that + will do, will it not?' + </p> + <p> + “I replied: 'Yes, perhaps it will.' + </p> + <p> + “He would have me take breakfast with him. His family only were + present, and we all conversed freely, but principally about the late + election and our success in the West against Head, and the prospects of + Silent against Laws. He was feeling very happy and confident of final + victory. He told me about having just returned with the Secretary of State + from Hampton Roads, where they had met the Vice-President of the Southern + Confederacy and others on a peace mission; 'but,' said he, + 'it was the same kind of peace that the Copperheads have been + preaching, under instructions from Richmond and the rebel agents in + Canada, for three years.' + </p> + <p> + “After breakfast we returned to his office. He instructed his usher + that he could see no one for the present. Being seated, he drew the paper + that I had given him from his side pocket and commenced reading. Very soon + he exhibited some little excitement, rang his bell and sent for the + Secretary of War, who soon came in. After the Secretary had exchanged + compliments with me, the President continued reading. When he had finished + he turned to me and said: + </p> + <p> + “'This is the most extraordinary thing that I have ever read + or heard of, in or out of history. Mr. Secretary, please read this.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0026" id="linkimage-0026"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0404.jpg" + alt="Uncle Daniel Conferring With Lincoln and Stanton 404 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The Secretary read it very carefully and remarked: 'This is + what they are coming to; they will stop at nothing. But the most + surprising part of all is the attitude of your Vice-President. What can he + mean by hobnobbing with those traitors and having interviews with one of + their principal leaders inside of our lines?' “'Yes,' + said the President; 'this is strange, indeed.' “After + further conversation it was determined to have the Cabinet officers meet + that day. The President also directed the Secretary of War to ask Gen. + Silent to be at the Executive Mansion the next morning. He asked me to + remain in Washington and come to see him the next day at 10 o'clock, + and not to fail. I left, went to the Owen House and took a room. + </p> + <p> + “While there I met a man in rather delicate health, who said his + name was Alston, that he was a Canadian, and had come to Washington on + account of the mildness of the climate. He was about five feet ten inches + in height, hazel eyes, light hair, with small goatee; was quite a nervous + man, moving his hands, or sitting down and immediately rising again, + picking his teeth, or pulling his goatee. I remembered the man's + name as that of one of the conspirators, and marked him well. On inquiry I + found he had arrived the day before and was intending, as he said, to + remain for some time in order to test the climate in his case. I stepped + up to the War Department, and finding my friend, the Secretary, in, I + asked him to send a detective with me, and he did so. I put him on the man + and said no more to any one until I met the President and others the next + day. + </p> + <p> + “At 10 o'clock the following morning, I appeared at the + Mansion and was admitted at once. On entering the President's office + I met Gen. Silent. Having previously met him at Chatteraugus and + elsewhere, he recognized me, and after the usual compliments asked about + Gen. Anderson. I told him about my misfortunes, the last of which he was + not aware of. He said no more for a short time; he then asked me if Gen. + Anderson would not like to come East and have a better command. He said he + did not think he had been given a command equal to his ability; that he + would order him East if agreeable. I wrote the General as soon as I + returned to my hotel. + </p> + <p> + “The conversation was then turned to the report of Henry. The + President seemed serious, and said the astounding statement about the + Vice-President worried him, and yet, he said, it was almost incredible. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent said he could believe it, but was very much surprised + at his having the interview and disclosing his opinions to our enemies. + Silent said he made some curious statements to him while he was making his + headquarters at Nashua, but he attributed it to Tennessee whisky more than + to any wrong motive in his mind, until he repeated the same things over + more than once. He thought strange of it, but did not mention the + conversation. + </p> + <p> + “'But,' said the Secretary, 'what do you say to + the attempt they are to make to capture you two gentlemen?' + </p> + <p> + “Silent said: 'That scheme has already failed. Our knowledge + of the fact defeats it. You must have a guard of at least one company of + infantry at or near the White House, and the officers must be notified, in + confidence, why they are placed here. There must be a company of cavalry + ordered here for escort to the President, and he must not go out of call + of the guards without an escort.' + </p> + <p> + “The President said: 'This will not look well, but I suppose I + must do it for safety. I do not like this Vice-President's talk; it + worries me. But how about yourself, Gen. Silent; they seem to be after you + as well.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the General; 'but you must remember + that I am surrounded by an army, and this notice protects me. I will look + after that hereafter. The truth is, they might have caught me napping, as + I have heretofore had but a small guard. I will make it large enough when + I return. My fears, however, are very much increased, as I see that there + were many of those conspirators in favor of taking the proposition to + assassinate instead of capture. That can be done in spite of guards, by + reckless men who will take desperate chances. This is what we must look + out for. I see that they are to take orders from Jacob Thomlinson, who is + a most reckless man, without any of the instincts of humanity, and utterly + without any regard for the rules of civilized warfare. He is a very + dangerous man if he has about him those who will do his bidding. So look + out, Mr. President; my judgment is that you will be in imminent peril.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the President. 'Gen. Silent do you + remember the dream I repeated to you when you came to Washington?' + </p> + <p> + “'Oh, yes,' said Gen. Silent, 'perfectly; and in + that dream I was to be murdered as soon as the rebellion should be ended. + But I do not feel alarmed about myself; dreams, you know, Mr. President, + go by contraries.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' said the President, 'I will not say that I + believe in dreams, neither do I; yet they make an impression on my mind.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent said no more on the subject, and the conversation on + that topic was dropped. + </p> + <p> + “'I was asked if I would send Henry back to Canada to watch + further developments. I assented. They all thought that perhaps in this + way we would be able to head off any further scheme as the one reported + had been. + </p> + <p> + “I then related what I had discovered at the Owen House, and + suggested a close watch on this man Alston. The President took up the + report, and finding the name, thought there might be something in my + suggestion. They sent for the detective that I had placed to watch him, + and he informed us that this man drank pretty freely, and had disclosed to + him while in his cups the night before that he was from St. Catharine's, + Canada; that he had plenty of money in gold, and was desirous of finding + some five or six good, active, bold and daring young men, who would be + likely to be fond of an adventure. The detective was sent back at once + with instructions to arrest him and have him taken to Old Capitol Prison. + If any questions should be asked, he was to answer that the Secretary of + War had directed it. The next morning it was telegraphed all over the + country that a Mr. Alston was arrested in Washington for attempting to + hire men to kidnap the President; and so the scheme, was exploded. + </p> + <p> + “The next day I bade the President and the Secretary good-by, at the + same time warning the President of his great danger. He could not thank me + enough, he said, for my interest. Silent had left for the army. Just as I + was leaving, the President said to me in a whisper: + </p> + <p> + “'Look out for a great battle soon, and with it you will hear + of the fall of Richmond.' + </p> + <p> + “I thanked him for his confidence in me and left. On arriving at + home I found all well and very anxious to see me, as this had been my + first absence since the death of my wife and Peter. Henry had seen the + notice of Alston's arrest, and when I described him he said he was + the right man. I wrote to the President what Henry said, and Alston + remained in prison. + </p> + <p> + “In a short time I heard from Gen. Anderson. He was willing to go + East. I telegraphed Gen. Silent and he ordered him to report at once. He + came by home on his way and remained over several days. Lieut. Whitcomb + was with him. While there I related all that had taken place. He thought + Henry should return at once to Canada, leaving Seraine with us. He said it + would be dangerous since Alston's arrest to risk writing, so Henry + would have to come to my house with any information that he might have. + Henry left at once and the General the next day. + </p> + <p> + “We were alone again. The women and children were weeping over the + departure of Henry and the General. Aunt Martha came in and said: + </p> + <p> + “'Bress de good Laud, chil'n, what is you cryin' + 'bout. De Gen! all right; dars no danger 'bout him; he am + safe. De Laud protect him. He dun sabe him all dis time for good. Don't + you see de Sesh git whip whareber he goes? Dey all done killed down whar + he bin, and now dey jest' take him ober by whar Marsa Linkum am, and + de Sesh all git smash up ober dar de same way as what dey is down whar he + bin afore.' + </p> + <p> + “Old Ham chimed in: 'Yas, Marfa, dat am de fac\ You see, when + I goes wid Marsa Gen'l, he gets shotted nearly ebery time. I not + understand dis, but he not git any time hurt when I's away. How is + dat, Marfa? Guess it best for me not be wid him. I tell you I guess I see + it all now; de Laud want me to stay here wid dese womens and dese chil'ns, + and Marsa Gen'l he not t'ink ob dat, so de Laud jes' let + him git hurted, so he hab to come and stay wid de folks and hab me heah? + Is dat it, Marfa?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, dat am de case; and I 'spec you is glad, kase you + is a powerful coward, Ham; you knows you is.' + </p> + <p> + “'Marfa, you neber see me fightin' dem Sesh. Else you + not say dem hard words 'bout Ham. No, indeed, you not know 'bout + me.' + </p> + <p> + “'I 'specs dat's so, Ham. How many of de Sesh does + you 'specs you is killed?' + </p> + <p> + “'Don' know, don' know. I neber counted em; war + too busy, Marfa.' + </p> + <p> + “This was getting Ham into a close place, and he retired. + </p> + <p> + “In a few days Henry returned and reported that the arrest of Alston + had alarmed the conspirators in Canada very greatly. Carey and Page were + still in Richmond. Wilkes had returned to Canada and had been at Montreal + with Thomlinson, but Henry could get nothing out of him, as Thomlinson + thought it best not to have any one know what was to be attempted unless + they could aid in carrying it out; but he said the country would be + startled very soon. Henry surmised what he meant, and as soon as he could + get away from Wintergreen he left for home. + </p> + <p> + “I sent him to the President with this information, also a letter + calling the President's attention to his great danger, and the + danger in which the country would be in the event that anything should + occur that would put the Vice-President in power. This was the last + communication I ever had with the best of all Presidents.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0020" id="link2HCH0020"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XX. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + COLLAPSE OF THE GREAT REBELLION.—LAWS' ARMY SURRENDERS.— + THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN. + + “After life's fitful fever, he sleeps well: + Treason has done his worst; nor steel nor poison, + Malice domestic, foreign envy, nothing + Can touch him farther.” + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + “When I left off speaking of Gen. Silent and his command in the + East, and continued my story about the West and Center, you will remember + that he had passed through eight days of bloody contest with Laws. We must + now return to him and understand the condition of things on his line while + these events were transpiring in the North, in Canada, and in Sherwood's + department, of which I have given you a history. + </p> + <p> + “Silent moved out in the night time the last of May, and on June the + first found a heavy force in his front. Fighting at once began again. + Sherlin was in the advance, and by direction held his ground through that + night. By daylight support reached him and his position was secure. Silent + now established his headquarters at an old tavern, under wide-spreading + trees, at Cool Haven, some ten or twelve miles from the rebel Capital, and + at once assaulted Laws in his works. The Union troops charged with great + dash and heroism, taking the enemy's first line of rifle-pits; but + the enemy, falling back to his shorter and stronger line, was enabled to + hold his position and force our troops to abandon the assault. The contest + continued during the afternoon and evening. Our losses were quite heavy. + </p> + <p> + “On the next day a general assault was made, which resulted in our + repulse. The enemy being behind heavy earthworks, it proved too great a + task to dislodge him. Onr army was now intrenched, and heavy skirmishing + continued for several days. Laws made two assaults on our lines, but was + repulsed with severe loss on both occasions. + </p> + <p> + “A few more days of skirmishing and desultory fighting, and the + campaign closed for the season. During the Summer, Silent had succeeded in + holding Laws close to Richmond. The Copperhead press and orators of the + North made him the especial target for their calumny during the + Presidential campaign. This course was evidently directed from Richmond + and Canada. + </p> + <p> + “The following September, Silent, with his usual vigor, began active + operations against the enemy. Sherlin was now in the valley of the + Shannon, operating against the rebel Gen. Dawn, and Silent was holding + Sentinel Point as his headquarters, and directing operations from there. + On the morning of the last day of September Boutler moved from Deep + Valley. Orden's Corps moved by the Veranda road close to the river, + Burns by the new Sales road, and the cavalry by the Derby road to our + right. All our forces were now moving in the direction of the rebel + Capital. + </p> + <p> + “Our troops struck the rebel works and attacked them at five o'clock + p.m., and after desperate fighting for hours Fort Harris was taken, with + its fifteen guns and all its garrison; also, the line of works running + down to Champ's farm, with several hundred prisoners. Thus again the + work of war had begun in earnest. Silent stood on the side of the fort, + and could with his field-glass view the whole line of rebel works now held + by them, as well as see the church spires in Richmond. Our cavalry had + advanced on our right to within six miles of the Capital. This was very + encouraging. Yet many a bloody battle must be fought before the prize + could be ours. + </p> + <p> + “Burns now made a gallant assault against the enemy's works in + front of his advance, but, unfortunately, was repulsed. This checked the + advance of our troops on this part of the line. Boutler's position + now extended from the river (James) to the Derby road, fronting Richmond. + </p> + <p> + “Meador's command was in front of Petersville. In the + afternoon of the next day Parker's Division of Warner's Corps + was attacked near Boyd's road. He was promptly re-enforced, and the + rebels were repulsed with great loss. Fort Harris was also assaulted with + a view of recapture, as it was a very important position. The attempt + failed, and we still held the fort. + </p> + <p> + “Our right and left wings were now being slowly advanced in the + direction of the Capital, under the very eye of Laws, the rebel commander. + He had the advantage in this, that it would require a day for Silent to + move from one flank to the other, while Laws, holding the chord of the + circle, could re-enforce any part of his line in a few hours. Laws could + not by any possibility stretch his line much farther, while Silent was + steadily acquiring more ground. + </p> + <p> + “The greatest consternation now prevailed in the city of Richmond. + Its evacuation was seriously contemplated. The publication of the + newspapers was suspended, and the printers were called out to defend the + city. Some of the city police fell into our hands. Offices and shops were + closed. The church bells sounded the alarm. Guards were sent into the + streets to impress every able-bodied man. Members of the Government were + sent into the trenches, and all between the ages of fifteen and fifty-five + were ordered under arms. Laws stubbornly held his position. He could + plainly see that Silent was determined to fight it out and settle the + contest in and about Richmond, without being driven or drawn away, unless + some alarm at Washington should cause a change of his campaign. + </p> + <p> + “After many movements, counter-movements, and much fighting, of all + which I cannot speak in this narrative, Laws concluded to set Ewelling at + the work of threatening our Capital. He crossed the Potomac and turned and + threatened Washington, expecting Silent's army to be at once ordered + to its defense; but this made no impression on Silent. He sent Wight's + Corps to meet Ewelling and to follow him, which was done, and the danger + to our Capital passed. Ewelling struck for the Valley of the Shannon, + passed into Maryland and the border of Pennsylvania, levying contributions + as he marched through towns and country, returning with much booty to the + valley mentioned, joining Dawn. In the meantime Wight was following him. + Sherlin was sent to take command of these forces. He fell upon Ewelling + and Dawn, and almost annihilated their commands, driving what was left of + them entirely out of that part of the country, and making such a + desolation that another movement in that direction by the rebels would be + wholly impracticable. Leaving a sufficient force to prevent any further + movement, he returned to the army near Richmond, destroying railroads, + canals, and in fact nearly all the enemy's lines of communication of + any advantage to him. + </p> + <p> + “In the meantime an attempt was made by our forces in front of + Petersville to mine and blow up some of the enemy's main forts. The + main sap was run some 500 feet, until it was under a fort on Cemetery + Hill. Wings were constructed to the right and left of the sap or tunnel, + so that about four tons of powder were placed under the fort, tamped with + sand bags and wood. The intention was to explode the mine, and at the + moment of the explosion to open with all the artillery in this front on + the enemy's lines, and to rapidly move a storming column through the + crater and carry the high ground in rear, which, if in our possession, + would command the city and the enemy's works. At about 3:30 on the + morning of the 30th of July the fuse was lighted, but no explosion + followed. Many attempts were made before the powder ignited. The suspense + was great. Silent was quietly waiting to see the result. + </p> + <p> + “Finally the smoke was seen and the dead, heavy sound was heard, + like unto the mutterings of distant thunder or the rumblings of an + earthquake. Following this the whole surroundings were darkened, and up + far in the air were sent guns, gun-carriages, caissons, picks, shovels, + timbers and human beings. They went up in a confused mass and came down as + though falling from the clouds in fragments. Many poor fellows were blown + to atoms. Our artillery opened, and the cannonading that followed perhaps + was never equaled during the war. A column of infantry charged into the + crater and there hesitated and halted after capturing those who were left + alive. This hesitation gave the enemy time to recover from their + astonishment and alarm. They rallied and opened a terribly galling fire + into the crater. Support was sent in, which only made the confusion among + our men the greater. A cross-fire was now poured into them in the breach, + and it was turned into a great slaughter-pen. Both sides were slaughtered + in great numbers. Rebel and Union troops, white and colored men, were + mixed together, crying to one another for help. The scene, as described by + those who witnessed it, was one upon which no one could wish to dwell. Our + people felt this disaster as much as any during the war. It was used by + our enemies everywhere to prove our commander to be a heartless butcher. + </p> + <p> + “About this time an ordnance boat loaded with supplies of ammunition + was exploded at or near Silent's headquarters at Sentinel Point. The + report alarmed every one for miles around. The earth shook and trembled as + if this globe was dissolving. Fragments of shell, wood and human beings + fell about the locality like hail coming down. Men shrieked and ran wildly + about, thinking that the final end of all things was at hand. Silent was + near by, but uttered not a word. He entered his tent, quietly sat down, + and wrote a dispatch describing the disaster. + </p> + <p> + “Time wore on without any very great results either way, until the + armies were all ready for the final movement in the Spring following. + Silent was still steadily gaining ground to his left, and holding Laws + close to his lines, at the same time keeping his cavalry in motion, to the + great annoyance of the enemy. In February, 1865, when I was at the + Capital, where I met the President, Secretary of War and Gen. Silent, the + campaign of Sherwood north to the rear of Richmond was about commencing; + but I was not then aware of it. Gen. Silent was also getting ready for his + final move against Laws, though he was waiting for Sherwood and Scoven to + make a junction at or near Goldsburg, in North Carolina. + </p> + <p> + “In the meantime Charleston had been evacuated; Columbia, S. C, + surrendered, and many of our starving prisoners were there released from + their deadly and poisonous prison-pens, not fit for pigs, even, to live + in. Cotton had been piled in the streets of Columbia by the retreating + rebels and set on fire. When our troops entered the city they put the fire + out, as they thought. In the evening, however, the smoldering fire was + fanned into flames by a strong wind, and the burning flakes of cotton + lighting on and against houses, set them on fire. One division of our + forces worked hard to subdue the conflagration, but in vain. The flames + leaped from housetop to housetop, as if some unseen hand was aiding in the + terrible work of devastation. Men, women and children left their houses in + their night-dresses, screaming and crying for help. Nothing could be done + to allay the destruction. A great portion of the city was laid in ashes, + and many people were in the streets houseless and homeless. The troops of + Sherwood did all in their power to alleviate the suffering, by dividing + blankets and food, and also by taking as many families as could be placed + in the wagons to a point from whence they could take shipping North, + where, on their arrival, they were amply provided for. + </p> + <p> + “Again moving forward rapidly, Sherwood's left wing struck + Harding's rebel corps at Averyville, and drove it in rout from its + position. Our left wing then moved by rapid marches on the Burton and + Goldsburg road, the right wing moving on a shorter and more direct route + in the same direction, many miles to the south. At Burton's + Cross-roads the head of column of the left wing struck the rebel army + under command of Gen. Jones, who had again been placed at the head of the + forces collected together since Head's defeat at Nashua. His forces + were now commanded by Harding, Biggs, Chatham and Hamden, the latter + commanding his cavalry. The Union forces, under Gen. Somers, discovering + that a large force was in their front, deployed two divisions and + attacked, but could not drive the enemy from his position. Somers hastily + constructed earthworks and held the enemy in his position until the right + wing, or a portion of it, could come to his relief. The word was soon sent + to the General commanding the right wing, and the Fifteenth and + Seventeenth Corps were dispatched at once to Burton's Cross-roads. + </p> + <p> + “They arrived early on the next morning, having received the order + late at night. The General commanding the Fifteenth Corps, which was in + the advance, at once formed his leading division (Gen. Charles Ward's) + and charged the enemy's works. His men went on the run over the + works and right into his trenches, the General commanding the corps + leading and leaping his horse over the parapet in the midst of a shower of + deadly missiles. Our men captured the rebels who were in their front, and + a general stampede of the enemy followed, and in a short time Jones and + his whole command were hastily making their escape across Mill Run. The + march was not any farther impeded, and Sherwood's army marched to + Goldsburg, where, as before stated, they joined Scoven, and thus ended the + hard fighting of Sherwood's army. + </p> + <p> + “The President and Vice-President had been inaugurated, and the + message of the President was so mild and conciliatory, breathing + forgiveness and charity in such an honest and earnest spirit, that many + thought it might have some influence on the feelings of the enemy in + respect to the Union in which they had lived and controlled so long to + their own advantage. But no; the more he expressed sentiments of respect + for their opinions the more bitter they became, denouncing every + expression of kindness as an insult to their people; so that it was + determined there should be no let-up in any way whatever—no + armistice nor rest, but when the movement commenced, to let that end the + rebellion before ceasing. The country was now up to this point, and all + were ready and fully prepared for the result. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent had now directed Papson, as well as Sherwood, to keep + their cavalry at work in destroying lines of communication, bridges, and + supplies of the enemy. Willston in the West was operating south of + Tennessee, cutting off all chance of re-enforcements from that direction, + and Sherwood's cavalry in the direction of Augusta and northward, + performing the same character of service, while Sherlin was again marching + with 10,000 cavalry around Laws, making the whole country untenable for + want of facilities in gathering supplies, of which at this time the enemy + was in great need. The whole coast from Savannah to Newbern, with forts, + gunboats and munitions of war, was now in our hands, with 100,000 as good + soldiers as ever marched or fought a battle almost entirely untrammeled, + well supplied, and ready to drive Jones or any opposing force north back + to Laws, where the whole could be crushed at one blow. Sherwood was to so + conduct his movements as to detain Jones in his front until the 10th of + April, and then he was to move directly against him and drive and follow + him; but if possible, to get to the Roanoke River, so as to hold Laws in + his position. + </p> + <p> + “While Silent was preparing for his final movement against the + enemy, which was to commence on the 29th of March, Laws, suspecting the + movement, on the morning of the 25th, selecting the weakest point in our + lines, as he thought, assaulted the right of Meador's position in + front of the Ninth Corps. The point assaulted was a small fort known as + Fort Sleman, where the two opposing forces were not more than 200 yards + separated from each other. At dawn of day the rebels moved against this + point with Gadden's Corps, re-enforced by Bush Jones's + division. Parker's pickets were overwhelmed and the trenches taken + by the enemy, so that the main line of the Union forces was broken. The + rebels now seeing their advantage wheeled to the right and left, sweeping + our lines before them, and capturing our batteries, which they at once + turned upon Fort Sleman. The fort made all resistance possible, but, being + assaulted in front, flank and rear, was compelled to surrender. The guns + of the fort were now turned upon our own lines on either side with great + effect, driving our men and taking complete possession of this part of our + intrenchments. + </p> + <p> + “General Parker at this juncture came upon the scene, brought up + artillery on the hills commanding the point attacked, and ordered his + forces to occupy the fort. General Hartley also moved up and massed his + division and assaulted the enemy as they were moving along our line. He + checked their advance, and, being re-enforced, drove Gad-den's Corps + back, recaptured the fort and all our abandoned lines, with 2,000 + prisoners. Meador arrived on the field and at once ordered Wight and Hume + to advance on Parker's left, which was promptly done, and that part + of the enemy's picket-line was taken, with many prisoners; so that + the temporary success of the enemy proved very expensive to him in the + end. This was the only unprovoked assault that Laws had made since the + campaign of the Summer before. + </p> + <p> + “On the night after this assault Gen. Meador, General Orden and + several other Generals were at Gen. Silent's headquarters, + discussing the contemplated movement to be commenced on the 29th. The + President had also been down to see Silent, and agreed in every particular + to his programme. Gen. Tom Anderson was also present, having been ordered + to Sentinel Point for assignment to duty. He was introduced by Gen. Silent + as an able and brave officer. Gen. Orden said to Gen. Silent that he would + be pleased to have him assigned to his command; to which Silent answered + that he would speak to Anderson. + </p> + <p> + “When the movement was understood, preliminary thereto Gen. Orden + was directed to move the next day to the extreme left, in connection with + and in support of the cavalry under Sherlin, designed to prevent Laws from + finally retreating in that direction, as was thought he might attempt, in + order to make a junction with Jones and fight Sherwood's forces + instead of Silent. This was not desired, as the General commanding wished + the army that had always confronted Laws to have the honor of the capture + of him and his army. + </p> + <p> + “When all had left for their respective headquarters, Gen. Silent + spoke to Gen. Anderson of Gen. Orden's request. + </p> + <p> + “Anderson replied: 'General, assign me anywhere; I will try to + do my duty wherever I may be placed.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent then wrote the order and handed it to him, saying: + 'You will proceed to join Gen. Orden in the morning; he will move to + the left during the day.' Silent said that he would give him a + larger command in a few days, but could not do so then, as they were on + the eve of the movement in contemplation. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson expressed entire satisfaction, and directed Lieut. + Whitcomb, who was with him, to have preparations made for starting at + daylight the next morning. + </p> + <p> + “During the evening, they being entirely alone, General Silent said: + 'Gen. Anderson, do you remember a conversation we had at my rooms + the night before I left Nashua for the East?' + </p> + <p> + “'Very distinctly, General; I was much impressed by what you + then said as to your views in reference to crushing this rebellion within + a certain time, and the mode to be adopted for the accomplishment of this + end.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, we will do it within the time mentioned. But do you + remember my asking you if you believed in dreams, and if you had ever seen + anything that you could not explain or understand?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, General, I well remember that also.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, sir, I desire to make a confidant of you in this + particular. I do not wish what I say known at this time.' + </p> + <p> + “'You can do so; I will not betray your confidence.' + </p> + <p> + “'I intended telling the President to-day,' continued + Gen. Silent, 'but was so taken up with other matters that I forgot + it; and I feel a strange kind of superstition that I may not see him + again. He and I are both in great danger, but I feel that I can protect + myself better than he can himself. I do not desire to tell this story to + any of my family, as I do not want them, or either of them, to become + superstitious. It is so easy for any of us to become so. I find even the + President, as strong a man as he is, somewhat so inclined.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson said: 'I am surprised at this. I did not + suppose he was so; but many strong people are, and many claim to have + cause for being so.' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson then related my wife's dream to Gen. Silent, + and told him Peters interpretation of it, and said six of her sons were + now dead—one only (Henry) remaining alive. + </p> + <p> + “At this Gen. Silent became melancholy, and quietly responded, + ''Tis strange, indeed!' He then related to Gen. Anderson + the fact of his having seen a strange form in the night-time while under a + tree at Chatteraugus; also, the night that he met him at Nashua, as well + as in the night near his quarters while fighting the battle of the + Chaparral, its indications at Chatteraugus, and its indications to him at + Nashua and in the Chaparral. He said: + </p> + <p> + “'I have also seen the same spectral form to-night, saying to + me: “Move to the left rapidly; the enemy are all in your hands, and + in half a moon all will be prisoners.” Gen. Anderson, what is this? + Am I dreaming, or am I laboring under some disease of the mind? I hope you + will speak freely to me as to what you think. I could not keep it longer. + I must tell some one. I feared I was becoming broken down in my brain + power,—I have studied over the military situation so much.' + </p> + <p> + ''No, General, you need not have any fears of that. You are as + vigorous in that respect as any man living. I cannot, however, explain + this; nor can I understand it. I will ask you, however, if you had this + character of campaign in your mind before you saw this strange apparition?' + </p> + <p> + '“Yes, I had a thought of it; but somehow this seemed to + influence me not to deviate in the least, and to give me faith and + confidence in our final success; and yet I cannot but believe this to be + only an optical illusion. It must be; it cannot, it seems to me, be + otherwise.' + </p> + <p> + “'There is one thing, General: it appears to be leading you, + or, at least, helping your faith, in the right direction.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes; but, Gen. Anderson, it harasses me by day and by night. + I cannot keep it from my mind. I try to throw it off, but cannot. But we + will speak of this no more at present. I feel that my mind is greatly + relieved since I have given you my secret. What a strange feeling this is; + but I believe it is so with every person.' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, General, that is true. Things pent up in the mind and + heart become oppressive, and wear the mind until relieved. This seems to + be our safety-valve.' + </p> + <p> + “The conversation here ceased on this subject, and both retired to + rest. The next morning Gen. Anderson and his companion, Lieut. Whitcomb, + left very early for Gen. Or-den's headquarters. As they were leaving + Gen. Silent came out and spoke many kind words to Gen. Anderson. He said: + </p> + <p> + “'I feel much better this morning. I will be at the front + to-day, and will see you, perhaps.9 + </p> + <p> + “With a good-by they separated. When Gen. Anderson arrived at Gen. + Orden's headquarters he was ready to move his command to the left. + He had been telegraphed by Silent of Anderson's assignment, so the + orders were ready, and Gen. Anderson at once took command of a splendid + division, getting acquainted as best he could on the march that day. His + command was in the lead. Late in the afternoon he met Gen. Sherlin, who + was overjoyed to see him, saying: + </p> + <p> + “'Anderson, you have no time to learn the situation, but I + want you to be close to me. I will speak to Orden.' + </p> + <p> + “Their lines were formed that evening and all was in readiness for + action. On the afternoon of the 29th the Union line was continuous from + Appomattox, and still moving to the left. Silent said: + </p> + <p> + “'I feel now like ending the matter, if it is possible, before + going back.' + </p> + <p> + “The army of Silent was located about as hereinafter stated. Parker + and Wight held our line in front of Peters-ville, and Orden's line + reached to the crossing of Hatcher's Run. Hume had moved to the left + of Orden, by change of orders, and Warner was on the left of the moving + column. Sherlin was now at Dinwiddie, on our left flank, some five miles + separated from the left of our infantry. This movement was made late in + the afternoon. Our lines now covered the ground from Appomattox to + Dinwiddie Courthouse. Silent said: + </p> + <p> + “'Now, let us see what we can do with the enemy.' + </p> + <p> + “This portion of the country was covered with forests and swampy + streams. During the night the rain fell in torrents, and by the next + morning it seemed impossible for man or beast to move without sticking in + the quicksands. The rain continued, and a deep gloom seemed to settle over + our army. Some who were in Silent's confidence suggested a return to + our former lines, but Silent could not see how we could go back if not + forward. + </p> + <p> + “Just at this moment Sherlin came riding up, through rain and mud, + and suggested that an advance was sure of success. Silent at once gave him + orders to return and take possession of Five Forks. The enemy was now + confronted by our army at every point. + </p> + <p> + “Sherlin, on his return, at once sent one of his divisions forward. + The conditions of the roads prevented any serious assault with cavalry. + Warner was now advanced, extending his left across the Boydton road, He + fortified his position, but did not attack; the enemy were too strong in + his front. Hume, meanwhile, attacked the enemy and drove him from his + advanced position. On account of mud and bad roads no further movement was + made during that day. + </p> + <p> + “On the next day, however, as Silent had suggested to Meador, the + enemy made a heavy assault on Warner's left, and pressed his whole + corps back some distance. Hume sent Milo with his division to Warner's + support. The rebels were now checked. The Second Corps was sent to Milo + and the enemy were attacked in flank in front of Warner, and were driven + back to their original line. Warner now moved up, supported by Milo, and + gained a lodgment on the White Oak road. Sherlin was attacked near + Dinwiddie and a severe battle ensued, which continued until dark, Sherlin + holding his ground. + </p> + <p> + “Both parties lay upon their arms that night within a stone's + throw of each other. During the night the Fifth Corps was ordered to the + support of Sherlin. The enemy, discovering this movement, retreated early + in the morning, Sherlin following and assaulting them at every + opportunity. Laws had instructed his infantry and cavalry that Five Forks + must be held. Sherlin well knew the importance of this position; + Petersville must fall with this in our possession. He ordered Mullet to + assault in front with his cavalry, while the Fifth Corps, and McKenon, + with his cavalry, were to hold the White Oak road and to drive the enemy + back toward Petersville. At five o'clock the assault was made. The + cavalry dismounted and fought on foot. The division of the Fifth Corps + under Griffith and one brigade under Ames charged the rebel ranks, and + under the inspiration of the bands playing and the lead of the intrepid + Sherlin, the works were stormed by our men and the rebels routed, leaving + 6,000 prisoners in our hands. Five Forks was ours, and a noble day's + work had been accomplished. This was the first great battle fought in the + last campaign against the rebel Capital. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Silent now ordered the enemy's works assaulted at three + points at four o'clock the next morning, April 2. Promptly on time + Wight and Parker moved against the strong works of the enemy in their + front. They broke over the enemy's picket-line with ease; but now in + their front frowned heavy earthworks and forts. They moved under a galling + and deadly fire, tearing away abatis and all kinds of obstructions until + they came to the main works. Here the contest was severe and bloody. + Bayonets clashed and musketry rattled; but our troops seemed to know that + the end was near, and nothing could stay or resist them. They climbed and + leaped over parapet and wall and into the enemy's trenches, + capturing men and guns. The advance of our men could not be stopped. They + pressed forward to the railroad, tore up the track, and turned and swept + right and left down the enemies' lines. Soon the whole line, from + the point of attack to Hatcher's Run, and all the artillery and + forts were in our possession. + </p> + <p> + “Parker made his assault near the Jerusalem road. His column stormed + and carried the works in his front, capturing twelve pieces of artillery + and about 1,000 prisoners. + </p> + <p> + “Orden now assaulted, Gen. Anderson's division leading. The + fighting was severe, the rebels saw that this kind of fighting meant the + capture of Richmond. Anderson led his men in person, and was one of the + first to scale the enemy's works. The enemy retreated in great + haste. Anderson again recognized Joseph Whitthorne leading one of the + brigades in retreat. + </p> + <p> + “'My God?' he exclaimed, 'am I always to meet this + man in battle!' + </p> + <p> + “Orden turned his command to the right and joined on with Wight, and + they now made their lines strong in order to resist the enemy, as they + expected him to attempt a recapture. It had now become one continuous + battlefield, from Petersville to and beyond Five Forks. Silent now + determined to face Meador's entire command, as well as Orden's, + in toward Petersville, and take it if possible. The entire rebel army was + rushing to the defense of Petersville. Sherlin was moving on the White Oak + road toward the city. Laws was exerting himself to stay the tide. Gadden + was ordered to drive Parker back from his Une. Hiller and Mahoney were + gathering all the fragments of commands that they could find and + reorganizing them. Longpath, who had not been engaged, was ordered to + cross the James River to the south side, for the defense of this portion + of the line. Laws telegraphed his chief, the President of the Confederacy, + of the imminent danger to his army. + </p> + <p> + “The enemy now assailed Parker's line, which was on both sides + of the Jerusalem road, and several desperate efforts were made to dislodge + him, but being re-enforced he held his position. His line included several + forts, and also commanded the main bridge across the Appomattox, almost + the only exit then left to the enemy. The rebels were now concentrating + their forces within an interior line of very heavy works immediately + surrounding the city. There were, however, two strong forts outside of + this line not yet captured by our forces—Forts Gregg and Baldwin. + Orden was directed to take Fort Gregg, and two of his brigades, commanded + by Turnlee and Forest, made the assault. After one or two repulses they + succeeded in storming and capturing the entire garrison. Both sides fought + gallantly. It was finally taken at the point of the bayonet. + </p> + <p> + “Milo was now attacking the enemy near the intersection of the White + Oak and Claiborne roads, but finding him too well intrenched, had to fall + back some distance. + </p> + <p> + “Late in the afternoon Sherlin, with the Fifth Corps and a portion + of his cavalry, struck the enemy who had repulsed Milo in their works that + day, taking them in flank. He routed them, capturing nearly 1,000 + prisoners. He pursued, and struck them every opportunity, until finally + they threw away their arms and took shelter in the woods. Night covering + their retreat the darkness saved them. The day's work left about + fifty pieces of artillery and 12,000 prisoners in our hands. + </p> + <p> + “All west of the center of Laws's army had been driven by + Sherlin across the Appomattox, and the rest had been forced inside the + interior lines around Petersville, from which there was no escape save by + bad roads—country highways. Laws was now struggling to get his army + out and escape, so as to join Jones, and get the best terms he could after + one more short campaign. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Hiller, of the rebel army, fell that day. Laws had him buried + that night, and after the last rites were paid, he rode with his staff out + of the city, and in accordance with orders previously given, the whole + rebel army, save a small picket-line, filed out and moved in the direction + of Amelia Court-house. Parker, under his orders to feel the enemy during + the night, discovered the movement, captured the rebel pickets, and the + city was surrendered at four o'clock the next morning. Laws burned + behind him the small bridges on the Appomattox and blew up his forts on + the James River. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning Silent ordered Meador immediately up the Appomatox + River. Sherlin was ordered to push for the Danville Railroad with Hume and + Griffith and all the cavalry. Orden was directed to push south-west, on + the Cox road. Silent waited until he got news of the surrender of the + rebel Capital and the flight of Davis and his Cabinet; then he pushed out + on the road to his army marching to intercept Laws. Mullett, being in the + advance, came upon the enemy at Deep Run, on the 3d of April, and then a + battle ensued, in which the rebels were defeated and put to flight. The + road was strewn with caissons, ammunition, clothing, and all kinds of + material used by an army. + </p> + <p> + “This was evidence of the great demoralization of the enemy. + </p> + <p> + “At 5 p.m. on the 4th, Sherlin, with the head of the column of the + Fifth Corps, arrived at Geterville, capturing Law's dispatch to + Danville for rations, his army being entirely destitute of food. He was at + Amelia, but our forces were in his front and in possession of the Danville + road. + </p> + <p> + “On the 5th, Silent received information from Sherlin, that Laws and + his whole army were at Amelia, and that he (Sherlin) had possession of the + road to Burkesville. He sent Davies' division on a reconnaissance in + the direction of Painstown to see if any movement was being made by the + enemy. This command struck a train of wagons, burned them, and captured + five pieces of artillery and several hundred prisoners. The enemy moved + out a stronger force and renewed the contest, but were driven back. + </p> + <p> + “Meador had now arrived with his force and joined Sherlin, but + failed to attack, he being the senior and then in command. Silent rode + late in the night to Sherlin's headquarters, and at once ordered an + attack at four in the morning, but said that Laws would steal away that + night. The next morning he was gone, and changing his course, was now + heading for Lynchburg. Pursuit was immediately made. Hume struck the rear + of the enemy at Deatonville, and at once attacked him. Crooker and Mullett + attacked the enemy's wagon train in flank. Orden had arrived at Rice + Station, and was intrenched, so as to prevent any further movement of the + enemy south. At four o'clock Wight's Corps came up and at once + went into action and carried the road two miles south of Deatonville, + breaking the enemy in twain. Hume was on his rear and Sherlin on his + flank. Hume here moved to the right after one of the fragments, in the + direction of the Appomattox. + </p> + <p> + “Wight now drove the enemy in his front two miles into a swampy, + marshy bottom of Sailor's Run. The cavalry were now to the left, + where they were burning and destroying the wagon trains of the enemy. The + rebels in front of Wight's Sixth Corps had crossed the run, and were + throwing up breastworks, Sherlin ordered the stream crossed and their + works assaulted. This was done by two divisions. The fight was a desperate + one. The works were carried on the enemy's left, but a division of + the enemy came sweeping down on our flank and drove the troops of the + Sixth Corps back across the stream. + </p> + <p> + “Just at this moment Mullett's division of cavalry came + charging down on the enemy's rear. The Sixth Corps again advanced, + and a most desperate and bloody hand-to-hand bayonet and saber contest now + took place. Our artillerymen opened on the lines of the enemy some twenty + guns. Our lines were now closing around them. Crooker had come up with his + command and closed the gap. The enemy threw down their arms and + surrendered—7,000 men and fourteen pieces of artillery, with Gen. + Ewelling and his seven subordinate Generals. This utterly destroyed the + entire command that was covering Laws's retreat. + </p> + <p> + “Hume had pursued the fragment of the enemy which he had opposed in + the morning to the mouth of the run, some fifteen miles, attacking and + fighting—a running battle all the day—as well as fording + streams, building bridges, etc. The last stand of the enemy was stubborn. + Hume's command was victorious. His captures during the day were four + pieces of artillery, thirteen stands of colors and about 2,000 prisoners. + Night now drew her curtain over the scene, and our troops lay down to + rest. + </p> + <p> + “The next day was used almost entirely in winding the coil more + closely around Laws's army. Hume and Crooker were on the north side + of the river confronting Laws; McKenon was at Prince Edwards; the cavalry + column was moving in the direction of Appomattox Station; the second and + Sixth Corps were moving to the north side of the river to attack the next + day; Mullett was pushed to the south side to Buffalo Station; the Fifth + and Twenty-fourth Corps were moving on Prospect Station, south of the + river, to prevent Laws from escaping in that direction; Orden was + following Sherlin, having taken with him Griffith, with instructions to + attack the head of Laws's column. The next morning news was received + that Stoner had entered Lynchburg and was holding it. During the greater + part of the night the armies of the Union were moving in the direction + assigned them. Gen. Silent occupied the old tavern at Farmville, where + Laws had slept the night before. + </p> + <p> + “After the last of his forces on this line had passed, Silent was + sitting quietly on the porch, thinking Laws must surrender the next + morning. He concluded to send him a note suggesting his surrender, to stop + the further effusion of blood, stating that the last few days must + convince him of the hopelessness of his cause. He sent the note. Soon + after this he was about to retire, when he heard his name pronounced. He + looked and saw the same form as heretofore mentioned, which spoke in these + words: + </p> + <p> + “'Laws will not surrender if possible to escape with any + portion of his force. Do not let your army rest until he is surrounded + completely.' + </p> + <p> + “Silent returned to the porch, and did not retire that night. About + midnight he received Laws's reply, saying he did not feel as Gen. + Silent thought on the subject of surrender, and during the night again + moved out in order to escape. + </p> + <p> + “On the morning of the 8th our forces moved at once. Slight contests + only occurred during the day. At night the head of our cavalry column + reached Appomattox Station. The enemy were coming in quite a force for + supplies, there being at the station four heavily-loaded trains, which had + just arrived, for Laws's army. One train was burned, and the others + were sent to Farmville. The enemy made an assault on our forces, but were + repulsed, 25 pieces of artillery and many prisoners falling into our + hands. + </p> + <p> + “Sherlin was here, with no force as yet save two divisions of his + cavalry. He moved a force on the road in the direction of Farmville and + found Laws's whole army moving to Appomattox. Orden and Griffith + were marching rapidly to join Sherlin, and by marching all night reached + Appomattox at 6 A.M. on the morning of the 9th, just as Laws was moving + his head of column with the intention of brushing away Sherlin's + cavalry and securing the supplies. Laws had no suspicion of infantry + having joined our cavalry at Appomattox. Orden was the senior and + commanded the two corps of infantry—his own and Griffith's, + formerly Warner's. These troops were deployed in line of battle + across the road where Laws must pass, the cavalry in front covering the + infantry. Crooker moved out and was soon hotly engaged with the enemy. He + fell back slowly, and finally our cavalry moved off to the right, leaving + the road apparently open to the rebels. They, seeing this, sent up a shout + and started as if to pursue the cavalry, when, to their utter amazement, + Gen. Tom Anderson came charging down at the head of his division upon the + head of Laws's column, and at the same time our battle line + advanced. The enemy were rolled back in great demoralization, our lines + pressing them on every side. + </p> + <p> + “Anderson was assaulting them in front. Griffith was on one flank, + and Sherlin, moving around quickly on the enemy's left, was just + ordering a charge, when Laws sent a flag of truce and asked for a + cessation of hostilities. The cordon was now complete. Laws and his army + were at our mercy. Laws surrendered his army that day, and thus the + rebellion virtually ended. + </p> + <p> + “The news sped on the wings of lightning, and the joy that found + vent throughout the North no pen could do justice to by way of + description. Old and young wept, embraced and shouted aloud, with their + hearts full of the glad tidings. None but the class of rebel sympathizers + before mentioned mourned at the sad fate of the enemy. + </p> + <p> + “The next day after the surrender of Laws, Gen. Anderson and his + staff were riding around the field taking observations. While passing down + near Longpath's Corps, suddenly a man in a rebel General's + uniform, with two other officers, came dashing up to the General and + halted. It was Joseph Whitthorne. He cried out: + </p> + <p> + “'Tom Anderson, is that you?' + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson responded affirmatively, at the same time saluting + him in proper military style. At this Whitthorne drew his pistol and was + just in the act of firing at the General, when Lieut. Whitcomb rushed at + him and ran him through with his sword. He fell from his horse and + expired. Gen. Anderson shed tears, but did not disclose to anyone present + the close relationship existing between them. This occurrence was of such + a character as might have caused trouble with the troops, so it was kept + quiet. The officers present on both sides deemed this course the best + under the circumstances. Lieut. Whitcomb never knew of the relationship, + Gen. Anderson's wife, Whitthorne's sister, always thought her + brother was killed in one of the last battles. The General revealed the + facts only to myself. + </p> + <p> + “The joy that now pervaded the North lasted for but a brief space of + time before sorrow and deep mourning took its place. + </p> + <p> + “You remember that Alston, one of the Canadian conspirators, had + been arrested and placed in prison at Washington on the charge that, he, + with others, were intending to attempt the capture of the President. This + having failed, doubtless the last resort had been agreed upon by + Thomlinson, Carey and their allies. Page had returned from Richmond with + Durham and met Wilkes at Baltimore, where this diabolical scheme was + agreed upon. The President, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of War, + and Gen. Silent were all to share the same fate. Wilkes, doubtless, with + his picked few, were to dog the President, Page the Secretary of State, + and Durham the Secretary of War, and others to in some way destroy Silent. + My son Henry returned from Canada on the 14th of April, and stated to me + that Wintergreen said the three above named were near Washington and would + do their work well, each selecting his man; that Thomlinson and Carey had + left for Europe on the 6th of April. + </p> + <p> + “Henry left that night for Washington with this information for the + President and his Secretaries. His trip, however, was for naught, as on + that night the assassins did their work in part. Wilkes did his, and Mr. + Lincoln, the noblest of all men, fell by the bullet of his murderer. Page + tried his hand, but failed to complete his task. Durham failed entirely + from some cause. + </p> + <p> + “Henry arrived in Washington the next evening, when he saw the + Secretary of War. He told him to say nothing, as they would all be put on + their guard by these facts being made public. Gen. Silent only escaped, as + it seemed, by a miracle, as he had agreed to accompany the President that + night and was only prevented by his wife's trunks with her wardrobe + being carried by Washington to Baltimore that afternoon. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0027" id="linkimage-0027"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0431.jpg" + alt="The Shooting of President Lincoln by Wilkes 431 " /> + </div> + <p> + “The intelligence of Mr. Lincoln's death, as it trembled along + the wires on the morning of the 15th to every portion of this Republic, + coming as it did in the midst of universal rejoicing, firing of cannon and + unfurling of banners, struck dumb those who a moment before were shouting + with joy. Language nor pen can adequately express the horror and grief + with which the people were stricken. A Nation's shouts of joy and + triumph at one moment, were the next turned into grief and sorrow. The + people were bowed down and bathed in tears. The shadows of gloom were on + every countenance. The flags that were floating in triumph one moment were + the next at half-mast. Almost instantaneously all houses were draped in + mourning. Women ran into the streets wringing their hands and weeping + aloud. Children ran to and fro to learn the cause of the great change from + joy to overwhelming grief. Each family wept as though for the loss of + their first-born. The soldiers in the field had lost their idol; the + colored people had lost their deliverer from the wilderness of slavery. + </p> + <p> + “The people gathered in their places of worship and mingled their + tears with their prayers. A dark pall hung over the whole land. The people + seemed to lose heart. The very earth seemed to groan and cry out against + the horrible deed. The enemies of the Government were alarmed and shocked + at this terrible crime, growing out of their own course of conduct. + Foreign Governments were horrified at the atrocity of the fiendish + resentment shown. Many men became alarmed and hastened to leave the + country. Some left for Mexico, some for South America, and some for + Europe. + </p> + <p> + “The Vice-President had now taken the oath of office and had entered + upon the duties of President. Lincoln was dead; the last act in the bloody + drama on the program of the conspirators had been played.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0021" id="link2HCH0021"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> -- </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXI. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + SCHEME FOR A NEW REBELLION.—ANDREW JOHNSON AND HIS CO- + CONSPIRATORS.—THE GENERAL OF THE ARMY AND SECRETARY OF WAR + SAVE THE COUNTRY.—“TOM” ANDERSON'S BRUTAL MURDER.—UNCLE + DANIEL DIES. + + “Forgiveness to the injured does belong, + But they never pardon who have done the wrong.” + —Dryden +</pre> + <p> + “Jones surrendered to Sherwood. Mobile had fallen Iand all the minor + commands in rebellion were trying to see which could get in first. The + President of the Confederacy had been captured by Wellston. Our great + armies were mustered out of the service, and peace once more reigned + throughout the land. The then President had by his declarations shown such + bitter hostility toward the leading rebels that they were greatly alarmed, + and many were leaving the country. The General of our armies had + established his headquarters at Washington, and all matters pertaining to + the future were now in the hands of the civil authorities. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson had returned to my house, where he found joy and + happiness in our little family at his safety after passing through the + storm of this great struggle. His wife and little Mary, as well as little + Jennie, seemed as though they would never get through kissing him. Henry + and his wife (Seraine) were now with-us. Lieut. Whitcomb returned to + Detroit to his parents. Gen. Anderson and Henry were all who were left of + the eight of my household who had entered the service. You can imagine the + sadness this brought back to me. David's wife (Jennie) became + melancholy and more depressed than usual. She was stricken with fever and + died in about three weeks after the General's return. This left this + dear child”—pointing to Jennie Wilson—“alone in + the world, without a protector, save her poor old grandfather. Mary + Anderson, the General, Henry and Seraine were all kind and willing to do + anything for her that they could. She was sole heir to her father's + farm, which had been left in my hands, and naturally looked to me, and so + we have ever since lived together. + </p> + <p> + “Henry, Seraine, Gen. Anderson and his family stayed with me until + the General could determine whether he would remain North or venture to + return to his old home in Mississippi. Old Ham and Aunt Martha, after the + murder of Mr. Lincoln, seemed to have lost all energy, and were unusually + silent and melancholy, seldom speaking to any one, save in the expression + of their great joy at the safe return of their Marsa Gen'l.' + One day, while we were sitting on the porch, the General said to Ham, who + had come to the front of the house: + </p> + <p> + “'Ham, what is the matter with you and Aunt Martha? You seem + to be in a serious mood all the time, since my return?' + </p> + <p> + “'Yes, Marsa Gen'l, we is monstrous serious, sah. We + feels bad 'bout Marsa Lincum, what dem 'Sesh kill. He war our + bes' frien', He make us free, and we feel dat dar am some + wrong somewhar, dat dem 'Sesh starve de Union sogers; dey shoots dem + when dey wants to, and dey kills our President, and none of dem get hunged + for dis. If dis is de way dat matters is a-gwine, what am goin' to + 'come of de darkies? Whar am dey gwine? What am gwine to 'come + ob Marfa and Ham? Dat's what am worryin' us.' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, Ham, you need not worry about that. You will be taken + care of. I will see to that.' + </p> + <p> + “Just then Aunt Martha came into the house, and hearing the + conversation, the good old woman became greatly excited. When she heard + what the General said to Ham she caught hold of the former, and in her way + gave expression to her feelings. She said: + </p> + <p> + “'Marsa Gen'l, I's mighty feered somethin' + bad gwine to happen to us poor colored folks. Dar frien's seem de + only ones what get kill, and when dey do de folks do nuffln wid de 'Sesh. + Dey send dem home agin, so dat dey do jes' what dey please. You mind + what Aunt Marfa say, dem 'Sesh do wid de darkies what dey wan' + to in less den no time. Dey is free; I know dat; but who dey work for? Mus' + dey be under de same ones what sell dem before de 'bellion? If dey + is, den de 'Sesh make dem young darkies what's comin' on + b'lieve anything dey wants to; and afore dey is growd up dey be + helpin' de 'Sesh, and den what we do? I tells you dis bin on + my min' and in Ham's head, too. We trus' in de good + Laud; and you, Marsa Gen'l, you kin fix dis. I's sure you kin. + De good Laud spare you for dis; I know he do. I's sure dar was six + mans in dis family, all kill, my good old missus die, den my good young + missus, she die; dey was all kill and die 'ceptin' you, and I + knows dat you are save to take keer of us darkies, or you bin kill long + afore dis!' + </p> + <p> + “'Well, aunty, I will do all I can for everybody. You and Ham + shall be cared for; have no fears about that.' + </p> + <p> + “'Dat be good. I always know you look after us, Marsa Gen'l, + case we sabe you life; but, den, my chillens, Laud knows whar dey is. Ham + and me bin talkin' 'bout dat. We wants dem to get long, but we + not know dem, nor whar dey am. Maybe we see dem some day.' + </p> + <p> + “'All right, aunty, we will talk about this hereafter.' + </p> + <p> + “Poor old darkies! They both went back to the kitchen better + satisfied and much happier.” + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams said: “Uncle Daniel, Aunt Martha did not miss it very far, + did she?' + </p> + <p> + “No; the poor old woman had a presentiment that matters would not be + as peaceful and well for the colored people as was anticipated. + </p> + <p> + “Just at this time old man Joseph Dent rode up to the gate. He was + as glad to see the General as if he had been one of his own family. We + talked over the war, and praised the old man for the part he had played in + assisting us in discovering the plots of the conspirators. He returned to + the farm greatly delighted that his work was appreciated. + </p> + <p> + “We all remained at home for some time trying to shake off our many + sorrows. Mary Anderson and Seraine tried to make it pleasant for all. The + General interested us in giving his experiences, and Henry in turn his + with the conspirators. Time wore on, and finally Gen. Anderson concluded + to go to Colorado for the purpose of seeing what he could do in the mines, + leaving his wife and daughter still with me. Henry remained with us; he + and Seraine visiting occasionally with his friends at Detroit. + </p> + <p> + “Congress was engaged in trying to agree upon a plan for the + reconstruction of the South, as well as to reorganize the army. When the + law was passed for the latter purpose I was written to by the Secretary of + War in order to ascertain Gen. Anderson's whereabouts. I wrote him, + giving his address. The General was tendered a position in the army. He + came home and consulted his wife, but finally declined it. He recommended + Lieut. James Whitcomb, his Aid-de-Camp, Seraine's brother, for a + position, and he was appointed a Lieutenant in the cavalry arm of the + service. He is still alive and in the army, but transferred, as I + understand, to a different branch of the service. + </p> + <p> + “The General concluded to go to Washington city, where he remained + some weeks. On returning he thought he would settle there in the practice + of the law. His wife did not wish to go until he had tried the chances of + success. So it was arranged that his family should remain with me, his + wife wishing to return to her old home when she felt that it was safe for + the General. He returned to Washington, and did very well. + </p> + <p> + “By this time there seemed to be some friction between the President + and Congress. This condition of things continued, with ill-feeling, and + the breach still widening. The President differed widely with the + Republican majority, as well as the Secretary of War and the General of + the Army, as to the reconstruction of the States recently in rebellion. + Every measure that Congress would pass with a view of taking charge of the + colored people or aiding them in their perilous condition, was rejected by + the President, and had to be passed over his veto. It was the same with + matters in reference to reconstruction. He began haranguing the populace + from the balcony of the Executive Mansion, in order to create an + ill-feeling and prejudice in the minds of the people against their + representatives. + </p> + <p> + “He, however, very suddenly changed his views as to the proper + treatment for the leaders of the rebellion. Instead of wishing them tried + and punished, as formerly, he thought a portion of Congress should be + tried and punished. He turned his back on his Union friends and made the + leading rebels and their sympathizers of the North his confidants. + Jefferson Davis and all those under arrest for treason were, under his new + programme, released. He denounced leading Republicans as conspirators and + traitors. He was cajoled by every conspirator of the late rebellion. + Finally the visits of certain men from Maryland and Virginia became so + frequent that it aroused a suspicion in the minds of the Secretary of War + and the Chief of Staff to the General of the Army, and very soon this + suspicion extended to the General himself that a new conspiracy was being + organized. The General was led to believe this, first, on the ground that + the President at one time wanted all the leading men who had been paroled + by the General arrested and tried by the U. S. Court in Virginia. This the + General of the Army had resisted in such a manner as to cause quite a + coolness between the two. The same men that he at one time desired to see + hanged had now become his companions, confidential friends and advisers. + </p> + <p> + “Information was received about this time, through a source that + could not be doubted by the Secretary of War nor by the General of the + Army, of a programme which had been agreed upon by the President and + certain rebels claiming that their States were sovereign, were States now + as ever, with all their rights—that of representation included. The + President determined to issue his proclamation for an election of Senators + and Members of the House of Representatives from all the States lately in + rebellion, and if they came to Washington claiming their seats, and should + not be admitted by the Republican majority, he would organize a Congress + with the Southern members and the Northern Democrats, and as President + would recognize them as the Congress of the United States and send his + messages and communications accordingly. If the Republicans resisted he + would disperse them by force, and thereby make them the rebels against the + lawful Government, as he claimed, and in that way turn it over to its + enemies and their sympathizers, with himself as their chief instead of Mr. + Davis, holding the Capital and all the Government archives. If he could + induce the General of the Army to obey his orders he could carry out this + scheme; if not, he would get rid of the General and try and find some + other officer upon whom he could rely. To be prepared in case he could not + use the Commander of the Army, a force was to be organized in Maryland and + Virginia, which was to sweep down upon Washington and take possession + before outside forces could be organized against the President's + authority, using in connection with this force such of the army as would + obey him. He tested the General of the Army and found he could not use him + to aid in starting a new rebellion. He then concluded that he would send + him away to Mexico, and put in some pliant tool as Secretary of War, and + then put this scheme in operation. + </p> + <p> + “Just about this time an application was made to the General of the + Army, without coming through the Secretary of War, by the State of + Maryland, for its quota of arms. This at once struck the General as + strange. He went to the Secretary of War, and upon consultation the + application was placed among the relics of the past. In a day or so the + President inquired of the General if he had received such an application. + The General said he had, and was asked what he was going to do. He + answered that it would be looked into. This seemed to the General very + unusual, for a President to be looking after such things. + </p> + <p> + “I had gone to Washington to look after pay that was due three of my + sons when killed. While sitting with Gen. Anderson in his room, soon after + my arrival, a knock was heard at the door. A boy entered with a note from + the Secretary of War, saying he had just heard of my arrival and desired + to see me.” + </p> + <p> + “The next morning as soon as I could I went to his office. When I + met him he was very cordial with me; conversed about the murder of Mr. + Lincoln and the utter collapse of the rebellion, as well as the great loss + in my family. I spoke to him about my business, and he at once directed + matters so that it would be attended to without delay. The Secretary then + said to me that it was through my direction that Mr. Lincoln and himself + had been able to thwart the late conspirators in many of their diabolical + schemes during the war, and that they failed only in one—that of + preventing the murder of the President. + </p> + <p> + “In speaking of this sad calamity the great tears stood in his eyes. + 'But,' said he, 'my dear friend Lyon, we are now + standing upon the verge of a volcano, and this time, if the schemes of the + conspirators can be carried out, we will be in more danger than ever; and + we who have just put this great rebellion down will be compelled to play + the part of rebels ourselves in the next great drama.' + </p> + <p> + “I was almost struck dumb by this announcement, and thought the + Secretary was perhaps unnecessarily alarmed at some minor matter. He rang + his bell for a messenger, and sent him across the street for the General + of the Army. He soon came in, and after pleasant greetings we all retired + to the Secretary's private room. There he was about to make me + acquainted with this whole matter, when the General said to the Secretary + that he desired his Chief of Staff to be present. He was sent for, and + soon entered. I was put under a pledge of secrecy, and then the whole + scheme was revealed to me as I have told it to you, except that it was + given to me more in detail. The name of their secret informant was given, + and I was then truly surprised and could no longer doubt the facts as to + the conspiracy for the second rebellion. The man who had unfolded the + scheme to the Secretary of War and to the General of the Army was a man of + reputation in a marked degree; had held a high position in the Confederate + service, but had seen enough of war, and also respected his parole to the + General of our Army. + </p> + <p> + “The General did not know at what moment he might be relieved from + the command of the Army, and was therefore anxious that the Secretary of + War might in some way be prepared for the emergency, should it arise; but + said that he could not personally be a party to any preparations for such + an event while he was subject to the orders of the President. So he said + that he would retire, but would leave his Chief of Staff, who, he said, + seemed to be belligerent enough for any purpose. When the General withdrew + the Secretary said: + </p> + <p> + “'Now, Mr. Lyon, what can you do to aid us, or what do you + suggest?' + </p> + <p> + “I said: 'Give me until this evening to reflect upon the + matter and I will meet you gentlemen here at any hour that may be agreed + upon.' So eight o'clock was designated, and we separated. + </p> + <p> + “During the day I made inquiry of Gen. Anderson about the disbanded + soldiers; how they, or some of them, could be organized in an emergency, + and supposed the case of the rebels trying their rebellion over again. He + laughed at the idea, but said there was but one condition of things that + could possibly bring about such a result, and that was if the President + should undertake the restoration of all the rebel States without the + action of Congress, as he had heard hinted by some leading rebels who had + recently been in Washington. + </p> + <p> + “I asked him if it would not be well for some men of influence to be + on the alert. + </p> + <p> + “'Yes,' he replied; 'there ought to be a secret + force in Washington and elsewhere, until the reconstruction of the rebel + States is complete.' + </p> + <p> + “I said no more to him at this time on the subject. Gen. Anderson + said he would call and see the General of the Army in a day or so, as he + had only visited him occasionally since in Washington, but that his calls + were always made very pleasant. + </p> + <p> + “At eight o'clock sharp I went to the War Office and found the + Secretary and the Chief of Staff to the General waiting for me. We at once + entered into conversation on the subject of the conspiracy. I made the + same suggestion that Gen. Anderson had intimated to me, which was at once + discussed and thought to be a good proposition. But how could it be done + without the whole matter being made public in some way? The Secretary + thought this was a matter that should be kept within the knowledge of a + very few discreet men. + </p> + <p> + “'True,' said I; 'but you must have a nucleus here + in Washington if you can find the man to organize it. I know a man who + would be perfectly safe, but I have a suggestion in connection with him + that I think better. It is this: My son Henry is very anxious to go to the + Black Hills, but that country being unsafe, on account of the Indians, I + have been thinking that a large number of discharged soldiers would jump + at an enterprise of this kind. They could be organized and have it so + arranged that they could be got together quickly for any emergency; and if + the emergency should not arise, when the danger should be passed the + General of the Army could properly issue an order preventing any + organization or combination of men from entering the Black Hills country, + and instruct the army in that part of the West to carry out the order. + This would let the men at the head of the organization out of the scrape, + and would afford them an ample excuse for abandoning the enterprise.' + </p> + <p> + “The Secretary said: 'This seems feasible; who could you trust + with this management?' + </p> + <p> + “I replied: 'Gen. Tom Anderson.' + </p> + <p> + “'Just the man,' replied both gentlemen. + </p> + <p> + “'The Secretary said: 'This part is in your hands. We do + not wish to see anyone but you on this part of the plan. We will give our + confidence to no one else. We hope you will not delay. We will look out + for Washington. You need not hesitate; these two men, Gen. Anderson and + your son, will be amply compensated.' + </p> + <p> + “The Chief of Staff to the General then remarked: 'I think I + know the man to take hold of matters in Washington.' He then named a + man who had been a Union officer, and who was then in the city. He was + sent for and had an interview the following afternoon with the two + gentlemen mentioned. I immediately returned, met Gen. Anderson, and asked + him to go with me to my room. When there I laid the case before him fully, + imposing entire secrecy, should the terrible threatened disaster be + averted, saying to him that Henry, my son, being young and thoughtless, + must not know the inside, but must look upon it merely as a matter of + precaution, and with the intention of carrying out the Black Hills scheme + in order to get into that rich mineral country. + </p> + <p> + “The General readily assented to all, and at once prepared to return + home with me. He visited the General of the Army the following day. + </p> + <p> + “The next morning I again visited the Secretary of War, and + explained to him the General's readiness to act. He was delighted + with the arrangement, and said to me that I must return in two weeks and + let him know how matters were progressing; that it would not do to + communicate in writing. I bade him good-by, and the General and I left for + home. + </p> + <p> + “On our arrival his wife and the two children were greatly + delighted, as well as the rest of the family, including Ham and Aunt + Martha. His wife, finding that he was to remain at home for some time, was + extremely happy. Henry was now called into council and put in possession + of a part of our plan. They at once went to work diligently, and in a very + short time had made up a secret organization with a view, as understood, + of going to the Black Hills, and by moving about in the country found that + any number of good soldiers could be rendezvoused at Indianapolis ready to + move by rail in any direction required, the Black Hills being the + objective. + </p> + <p> + “Gov. Morton was sent for and had an interview with the Secretary of + War. What arrangement or understanding was had between them I did not + know, nor did I ever learn. The only thing he ever said to any of us was + to Gen. Anderson, that there were plenty of arms, etc., in Indianapolis, + and if he should ever have to start for the Black Hills to let him know at + once. I suspected that he was fully posted. + </p> + <p> + “I returned in about two weeks to Washington. In the meantime the + President had attempted to send the General of the Army out of the country + into Mexico, on some civil mission. The General had positively refused to + go. By this time there was quite a bitter feeling. The President expressed + himself freely. The General was silent. + </p> + <p> + “The Secretary of War had been requested to resign, which he had + refused to do, and the excitement was warming up considerably. Many + telegrams were coming to the General of the Army from his old soldiers, + saying they were ready to come to Washington in case of trouble with the + President on the question of the enforcement of his views against the + action of Congress. The General would destroy these telegrams as fast as + they came. I told the Secretary of the progress of Gen. Anderson and Henry + in reference to the Black Hills. He was very much gratified at the result. + </p> + <p> + “I was invited to come to the War Office at about 8:30 o'clock + that evening. On arriving I was admitted by the Secretary himself. Inside + the door I found a sentinel with musket in hand, regularly on duty. I said + to the Secretary, 'How is this?' His only reply was: 'It + looks warlike, does it not?' + </p> + <p> + “On entering his private room I found the Chief of Staff to the + General of the Army and two other gentlemen. One was a man whom I knew + well, the same mentioned by the parties as being the one to take care of + Washington city. The other gentleman I had never seen. He was a resident + of Washington city, had been a Colonel in the Union army, and was now + acting as Adjutant-General and organizer under the former. These men + remained during every night in the War Department with the Secretary of + War, having spies out in Baltimore and Richmond, as well as in Washington, + and knew of every movement that was going on. They also knew of every + meeting of leading rebels with the President. I learned that their + organization, secretly armed and equipped in Washington, amounted to over + 2,000 men, the object of which was not disclosed to the men more than that + it was a military organization in favor of the Union, and to be ready on + call for any emergency. + </p> + <p> + “If the President had attempted to carry out his scheme, and any + movement had been made from either Baltimore or Richmond, or from any part + of any State, the first prisoner would have been the President. The + Secretary of War determined that his Department should not go into the + hands of any one who would be subservient to any set of conspirators, or + the President, who was to be at the head of them. + </p> + <p> + “I returned home the next day full of alarm for our country. I + greatly feared another scene of blood and desolation. I was so worried + over the situation that my family thought me ill. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson returned that night from Indianapolis, and Henry from + near Fayette. I told the General what I had seen and learned. When I told + him how the gentleman in charge of the secret forces in Washington seemed + to feel, and that he would make the President a prisoner the first thing + if any move was made, he remarked: + </p> + <p> + “'That is the way to do it! Cut off the head the first blow, + and the body will soon die.' + </p> + <p> + “Things went on in this way for a time. The President had copies of + telegrams given him from the telegraph office, which were sent from + different parts of the country, tendering the services of different + organizations of soldiers to the General of the Army. He also discovered + in some way that he would be in danger should he attempt the use of force. + </p> + <p> + “The House of Representatives now presented articles of impeachment + against him. This alarmed his co-conspirators, and the embryo rebellion + collapsed. + </p> + <p> + “I have no doubt that if the President at that time had had a + General of the Army and a Secretary of War who could have been used by him + to further his and his co-conspirators' schemes, within ninety days + from the time when I first went to Washington, as stated, this country + would have been plunged into another bloody rebellion with an + unscrupulous, courageous and desperate man at the head of it, and at the + same time in possession of the Capital of the Nation. The country has + never known what it escaped and what it owes to those men—the + Secretary of War and the General of the Army and his Chief of Staff—for + standing as they did against these machinations.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel,” said Dr. Adams, “why was this matter + kept so profoundly secret?” + </p> + <p> + “There were two reasons: First, the country was easily excited at + the time, and on that account, when the danger was passed, it was thought + best to say nothing, and all who knew of it had been put upon their honor + not to disclose it. Second, it could not be verified as to the + co-conspirators in Maryland and Virginia, and the plan agreed upon by + them, without involving a man heretofore mentioned, in high position among + the very persons who were conspiring to do the deed. His exposure would + doubtless have cost him his life; and I hope you will not now ask me to + say whether he is living or dead.” + </p> + <p> + “I will inquire no further on this subject,” said Dr. Adams, + “but would like to know what became of the Black Hills scheme?” + </p> + <p> + “That scheme failed at or about the same time of the collapse of the + new rebellion. + </p> + <p> + “Time passed, and finally the country got rid of this President by + electing the General of the Army. We all, or many of us at least, breathed + more freely. The reorganization of the South became a fixed fact, and the + machinery moved smoothly for awhile. My son Henry was still anxious to go + to work and try his fortune in the Black Hills country. About this time + his wife bore him a fine son. He therefore left her with me and started + fortune hunting. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson made a visit to his old home in Mississippi and was, + to all outward appearance, well received. He returned home, and, after + talking the matter over with his wife, they thought it would be safe to + return. The Union men were at that time in power in Mississippi, and many + Northern people were flocking there and purchasing property. Very soon the + General and his family got ready to leave Allentown for Jackson, Miss. + When the time came for them to leave, the sorrow with us all was very + great. Mary Anderson and Seraine wept, and held to one another, + instinctively fearing that this separation was forever. The two children, + little Mary and Jennie, shrieked and screamed, and begged not to be + separated. The scene was heartrending. I felt as though my last friend was + leaving me. The General and I acted like children. We both wept and + embraced each other—neither could speak. I held poor little Mary in + my arms and bathed her blessed cheeks with my tears. Old Ham and Aunt + Martha would go with 'Marsa Gen'l' They both wept and + heaped blessings upon us all. As far off as we could see the poor old + people, they were bowing and bidding us good-by. God bless their poor + souls; they were as good and as kind a couple as ever lived! + </p> + <p> + “Seraine and I had procured good help before they left, and were, in + that particular, in excellent shape; but when the General, his wife, + little Mary and the old couple left, it was desolate, sure enough. We were + lonely in the extreme. We had been so long together, and had passed + through so many trials, had grieved, and had experienced so many sorrows + together, that no one could describe our feelings. The General, however, + felt that he could do well again at his old home, and he thought the + people down there were reconstructed and satisfied with their wrong + course. + </p> + <p> + “I spent most of my time out at the farm. I would take my Jennie, as + I called my granddaughter, with me and explain everything to her, as much + to employ my own mind as hers. Henry wrote us very often. He was delighted + with the country and was doing quite well; had made money, and was + investing it in property in Yankton. Seraine's father and mother + visited us frequently, and we were living as happily as we could under all + the circumstances. + </p> + <p> + “In a few months Gen. Anderson visited us. He was feeling satisfied + with his home and was doing well. He gave a glowing description of old Ham + and Aunt Martha's happiness now that they could see other colored + people. The President had offered him (Anderson) a foreign mission, which + he had declined on account of his fine prospects in his profession in + Mississippi. + </p> + <p> + “The next year after Henry left us he returned, but was determined + to make his new home his permanent one, and insisted on Jennie and I going + with him. He said he would not leave us alone, and would stay in Indiana + if we could not go with him and Seraine. He could not think of leaving + Seraine and his fine baby boy any more. I thought I ought not to interfere + with the boy's prospects, so I agreed to go with them. I rented my + house, made arrangements about the farm, and we all left for Yankton. + Henry had purchased a nice place, and we lived there very happily + together. We kept up our correspondence with Gen. Anderson and his family. + </p> + <p> + “One day Henry came into the house very much excited, saying that he + had just seen Wintergreen on the street, who pretended not to recognize + him. The town was settling up and growing very fast. Many people from the + South were coming into the Territory as well as the town. I told Henry to + beware of this man; that he, knowing that Henry had his secrets, might, + through fear, if nothing else, do him some harm. One day there were quite + a number of persons near a billiard hall, in a dispute about some matter. + Wintergreen was in the midst of the crowd. Henry stepped up out of + curiosity to ascertain the cause of the trouble. Wintergreen spied him, + drew his revolver, and shot him dead.' + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams exclaimed, “My God! Your last son!” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Uncle Daniel with a tremulous voice, “this + was the last of my dear family. So you see, gentlemen, as I first stated, + my home is desolate. Why should I wish to buffet the world longer? This + was the fulfillment of my good wife's dream—the seven fingers + were now gone. + </p> + <p> + “Wintergreen escaped. The distress of Henry's wife, as well as + my own grief, I will not undertake to describe. We conveyed his body to + Allentown and there laid him to rest with his mother and brothers. Gen. + Anderson, learning of our affliction, met us at our old home. Seraine and + I remained with our little family at Allentown, I getting back my house. I + broke down under this last sorrow, and was confined to the house for more + than a year. Seraine cared for me as she would for her own father, and + this child here, my dear Jennie, was with me and by my bedside nearly the + whole time of my sickness. God bless her!” + </p> + <p> + “So say we all!” was the response from those present. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson visited me several times during my illness. His wife + and little daughter came and spent a month with us, which added greatly to + what happiness we could then enjoy. + </p> + <p> + “The men who had been in rebellion now began to show their feeling + and take hold of the politics of the South. Gen. Anderson was very + prominent as a lawyer and a leader in political affairs in Mississippi. + The rebels now commenced to organize secret societies similar to those + that were in the North during the war. Another Presidential canvass came + on, and the then President was re-elected. Very soon political matters in + that part of the country, in State affairs, became very exciting. + Prominent men were threatened; colored men were whipped and driven away + from meetings; raids were made upon their houses in the night-time and + many were murdered—some white men sharing the same fate. + </p> + <p> + “Gen. Anderson used all of his influence to stay this tide of + oppression and wrong. He was threatened with violence, but did not believe + they would assault him. He was a brave man, and could not think of leaving + his friends, but determined to stand by them. Quite a number of Northern + men were driven from that part of the country, and their property + destroyed. A perfect reign of terror prevailed. + </p> + <p> + “The General moved into another county, so as to be out of the + excitement as much as possible. At a political meeting near the capital of + the State, Gen. McKee, a Northern man, without any provocation whatever, + was brutally assaulted and almost murdered for making a Republican speech. + This character of conduct continued until one day in court, where some of + these men were being tried for their outrages, the General denounced this + course as brutal, and such as ought to make barbarians blush. A mob + collected around the court-house and made threats of violence against him, + denouncing him as a ——- Yank and not fit to live. They then + and there notified him to leave the State within five days, and that if + found there longer than this his life should pay the forfeit. + </p> + <p> + “He had determined not to leave, so he prepared himself and remained + at home. At the end of the five days a mob collected about his house and + demanded that he leave at once. They were boisterous and threatening. One + of his neighbors was at his house and prepared to assist the General in + defense of his home and family. His wife and little girl were so much + alarmed that they screamed and cried for help. Finally the General, + standing in his door, flatly refused to leave. A volley was fired at him, + one shot taking effect in his right thigh. His little daughter ran to him + and threw her arms about his neck, shrieking and begging for her papa. His + neighbor fired from a window, wounding one of the mob. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0028" id="linkimage-0028"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0449.jpg" + alt="Murderous Assault Upon Gen. Anderson and Family 449 " /> + </div> + <p> + “This was like fanning the flame. They rushed upon the house, firing + indiscriminately. The General was shot three times and fell dead. His + little daughter, with her arms about his neck, received a shot in her left + breast, from which she died in a few minutes. His neighbor, Gibson, was as + brutally murdered in the house, being riddled with bullets. Old Ham ran + out of the kitchen to make his escape and was shot dead in the yard. Mary + Anderson fell senseless to the floor. Old Aunt Martha was the only soul + left to do anything. She was on her knees praying while the mob was doing + their desperate and bloody work. They retired yelling like Indians after + taking scalps. Poor old Martha ran to one of the neighbors for help, but + could get none from white people. A few old colored people gathered at the + house and cared as best they could for the dead. + </p> + <p> + “For two days this family of dead and stricken lay without a white + person coming to the house to aid or assist. The enemies would not, and + the few friends were afraid to do so. The General, little Mary, and Mr. + Gibson were buried by the colored people in the best manner they could. + Mary Anderson became a raving maniac and died in about one week after, and + was buried by the side of her husband and daughter, a minister and a few + women having come to look after her since the interment of the other dead. + Old Ham was laid away by the colored people. Aunt Martha was grieved + beyond expression, and alarmed for fear she also would be murdered. She + prayed night and day to be brought back to her 'Marsa Lyon.' + </p> + <p> + “The colored people, having great respect for the General and his + family, made up money enough to send Aunt Martha back to my house. A young + colored man ventured to come with her, for which I remunerated him. This + poor old woman's story was enough to melt the most obdurate heart. + She talked constantly of the General, his wife, little Mary, and poor old + Ham, and felt that the 'good Laud' had deserted them for some + reason.” + </p> + <p> + We were all dumfounded at the recital of these barbarous murders. + </p> + <p> + “My God!” exclaimed Dr. Adams, “what is this people + coming to?” + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush shed tears, but could not speak. All were silent. Uncle Daniel + left the room, but returned in a few moments and said: + </p> + <p> + “My friends, you can now see why I so often have said, 'What + have I to live for?' Why should I desire to remain here and brood + over my great misfortunes and sorrows longer?” + </p> + <p> + Finally Col. Bush walked the floor, and in a most subdued tone, said: + “For such a man and so noble a family to die in such a villainous + manner! Did no one suffer punishment for this diabolical crime?” + </p> + <p> + “No, not one was punished. The matter was investigated, but that was + all.” + </p> + <p> + “Well, I have asked myself heretofore the question, why did I give + my right arm for such a Government? That such a man, who had served his + country as faithfully as he, could be thus brutally murdered, with his + family, and no one punished for it, is a marvel to me; and no doubt some + of his murderers are now holding high official position!” + </p> + <p> + “Yes,” said Uncle Daniel, “one of the instigators of + this crime has held office ever since, as a Southern patriot who nobly + assisted in ridding the South of one of those Northern Yankees.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, what became of Aunt Martha?” inquired Maj. + Clymer. + </p> + <p> + “Poor old woman, she lived with Seraine and me for about three years + after her return, when she sickened and died. When she spoke on any + subject she would finally get to those murders. They preyed upon her mind + constantly, and I think hastened her death.” + </p> + <p> + “How strange that all who were connected with your household during + the war should have had such a fate!” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, my friends, it has been the one unaccountable mystery in my + life. Poor old Joseph Dent died in the same year, and I was left almost + alone. My dear Jennie, a few years ago, married Mr. Wilson, and I came to + live with them in Oakland. Seraine went to her father and mother in + Michigan. They are both alive and she remains with them. Her son Harvey—named + for his uncle, my youngest son, who was murdered at the battle of the + Gaps, if you remember—is now in Chicago working as one of the + cash-boys in a dry-goods store. I thought, as he was the last link in our + family, that the Government owed it to us to send him to the West Point + Military Academy, but I could not get him into the school. The member from + here was not favorable, inasmuch as he was an anti-war Democrat during the + rebellion. Harvey is making his own living now and I hope he may have a + bright future. He often comes to see us. Poor Seraine; when the boy could + not get into West Point, it almost broke her heart. She said to me: + </p> + <p> + “'Father, how shallow is this world. You, his grandfather, + lost seven sons, six in the army. This boy's father was starved near + unto death in Pine Forest Prison. I, his mother, risked my life in going + through the rebel lines to obtain his release. He was murdered by one of + the conspirators; and now we are forgotten. No one cares what we suffered + during and since the war. My son cannot even have the poor privilege of + being educated by the Government, when the sons of nearly every rebel + General who tried to destroy the Union are now under the guardianship of + the Government, being educated either at West Point for the army, or at + Annapolis for the navy.'” + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams said: “This is hard; it is uncharitable, and shows a great + want of the proper gratitude that should be due under the circumstances.” + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush said: “What does the Government or people care for those + who made the sacrifices? We are so far away from the war now in space of + time, that we are not only forgotten, but regarded as pests in society. + Are the people not grumbling about what has been done for the soldiers? Do + they not complain about our pensions? A few years more, however, and all + of us cripples, one-armed and one-legged and those who are wholly armless + and legless, will have passed away out of sight. The recognition now is + not to the victors, but to the vanquished. If you wish to be respected by + a certain class, North or South, only make it appear that you headed a + band of marauders during the war, dealing death to Union men and + destroying their property, and you will be invited to agricultural shows, + to the lecture halls, and upon the stump; and if still living in the + South, you will either be sent to the United States Senate, made Governor, + or sent on some foreign mission.” + </p> + <p> + “Uncle Daniel, what became of Thomlinson and Carey, the Canadian + conspirators,” inquired Inglesby. + </p> + <p> + “They are both dead, and many of their co-workers also. There has + been a very great mortality among the leaders of the rebellion. That is to + say, the older men—those who were somewhat advanced in years when it + began.” + </p> + <p> + “Are many of the Northern men of whom you have spoken in your + narratives as rebel sympathizers, Knights of the Golden Circle, or Sons of + Liberty, still living?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, they were generally young or middle-aged men, and with few + exceptions are still living, and are, almost without an exception, in some + official position—some of them in the highest and most honorable in + our Nation.” + </p> + <p> + “This could not have occurred in any other Government than ours, and + is passing strange,” said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + “Yes, that is true; but do you not remember my mentioning the fact + that Hibbard, who was connected with one of the rebel prisons during the + war, came North last Fall to teach us our duty? I also said that probably + he would be sent abroad to impress some foreign country with our Christian + civilization.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, I well remember what you said.” + </p> + <p> + “Well, I see by the papers that he has been appointed to a Foreign + Mission. I also see that a man of great brutality, who is said to have + been connected with one of the prisons in Richmond, has been put in charge + of all appointments in the greatest Department of the Government—the + Treasury.” + </p> + <p> + “Are these things so? Can it be possible?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes, these are truths. This is merely testing us in order to see + how much the people will bear; and they seem to bear these things without + a murmur. The next will be stronger. If the people of the South see that + they are sustained in this by the people of the large cities North, on + account of a fear that they may lose Southern trade, what may they not + demand? Certainly, very soon nothing less than Vice-President will be + accepted, and the same people who sustain these things now will cry out + that this is right!” + </p> + <p> + “It does look so. I have been studying this question since you have + been reciting your experiences and giving the views of yourself and + others, and am now prepared to agree that greed is at the bottom of all + this. This same greed is one of the several dangers that threaten our + country's institutions to-day. It causes crimes and wrongs to be + overlooked, and in many cases defended, in order to gain influence with + the people who are determined by any means in their power to control the + Government.” + </p> + <p> + “Yes; and see the progress they are making in this direction. As I + have said, there is not a man, with but very few exceptions, North, who + denounced the war and those who were engaged in prosecuting it, who is not + in some official position. Turn to the South. So far as they are concerned + it may seem natural for them to select from their own class; but why + should the North fall in with them? You have given, in your answer to me, + the only reasonable answer—that of greed and gain; but to see this + great change in the minds of the people in so short a time is strange + indeed. Twenty years ago they were thundering at the very gates of our + Capital. To-day they control the country. There is not a man, save the + President of the Southern Confederacy and a very few of the leaders in the + war made to destroy our Government, who is not now in some honorable + position if he wishes to be. We find them representing us in the + first-class missions abroad, in the second-class and in the third-class; + and there not being high places enough of this kind, that the world may + know the Confederacy has been recognized fully by our people since its + downfall, those who were in high positions under it now take to the + Consulships and are accepting them as rapidly as can well be done. + </p> + <p> + “You find your Cabinet largely represented by their leading men, and + many of your Auditors, your Assistant Secretaries, Bureau officers, etc., + are of them. This not being satisfactory, all the other appointments South + are made up of those men to the exclusion of every one who was a Union man + before, during, or since the war. The Government not furnishing places + enough, all the State, county, and city offices South are filled in the + same manner by this same class. This still does not satisfy, and all men + sent to the United States Senate or to the House of Representatives from + the South, with only one or two exceptions, are of the same class. In fact + all of Jeff. Davis's Cabinet, his Senate and House of + Representatives, and his Generals that are living, and who desire, are + holding official positions of some kind. What does this argue? Does it not + notify us who have made sacrifices for this Union that our services are no + longer desired, and that we are waste material, of no further use for any + purpose? + </p> + <p> + “Who could have believed, while the war was going on, that this + state of things could ever have existed? Suppose this picture had been + held up before my seven dead sons when they entered the service. Suppose + they could have seen their mother's dream realized—all in + their graves beside their mother, and their father living on the charities + of a grandchild, laughed at in the streets by young men when speaking of + the wrongs inflicted by the rebellion, and told that this is of the past—how + many of them do you suppose would have gone right up to the enemy's + guns and been shot down in their young manhood? + </p> + <p> + “Suppose Gen. Tom Anderson could have seen a howling mob murdering + his family and no punishment for the murderers; would he have risked his + life hunting up the Knights of the Golden Circle and chancing it in + battle, as he did, for his country, that the rebels might control it, and + that, too, through the influence of the North, whose all was at stake, and + whose fortunes were saved and protected by such men as he? I doubt if + patriotism would have gone so far. Can you find me the patriot to-day + that, deep down in his heart, likes this condition of things?” + </p> + <p> + “Yes; but Uncle Daniel, these men are not rebels now. They are + Democrats,” said Maj. Clymer. + </p> + <p> + “Yes, true; but they are no more Democrats now than they were then, + and they were no less Democrats then than they are now. But I should not + say more; I have had trouble enough. Why should I grieve for the condition + of things which were not expected? I and mine have paid dearly for this + lesson. I hope it may never fall to the lot of any one else to pass + through such an experience. I shall see but little more trouble. May God + forgive all and protect the right.” + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0029" id="linkimage-0029"> + <!-- IMG --> -- </a> + </p> + <div class="fig"> + <img src="images/tom0456.jpg" alt="Death of Uncle Daniel 456 " /> + </div> + <p> + Uncle Daniel here ceased speaking and sank back in his chair. His + granddaughter came into the room. Seeing him, she screamed and fell upon + his neck. We moved quickly to him. He was dead. + </p> + <p> + THE END. <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Uncle Daniel's Story Of “Tom” Anderson, by +John McElroy + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY *** + +***** This file should be named 31769-h.htm or 31769-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/1/7/6/31769/ + +Produced by David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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