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diff --git a/old/files/relative.htm b/old/files/relative.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..97319b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/files/relative.htm @@ -0,0 +1,17544 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> + +<!DOCTYPE html + PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd" > + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> + <head> + <title> + Uncle Daniel's Story, by John Mcelroy + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body { margin:5%; background:#faebd0; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } + hr { width: 50%; text-align: center;} + .foot { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3em; font-size: 90%; } + blockquote {font-size: 97%; font-style: italic; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + .mynote {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; padding: .5em; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 95%;} + .toc { margin-left: 10%; margin-bottom: .75em;} + .toc2 { margin-left: 20%;} + .indent5 { margin-left: 5%;} + .indent10 { margin-left: 10%;} + .indent15 { margin-left: 15%;} + .indent20 { margin-left: 20%;} + .indent30 { margin-left: 30%;} + div.fig { display:block; margin:0 auto; text-align:center; } + div.middle { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; } + .figleft {float: left; margin-left: 0%; margin-right: 1%;} + .figright {float: right; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 1%;} + .pagenum {display:inline; font-size: 100%; font-style:normal; + margin: 0; padding: 0; position: absolute; right: 1%; + text-align: right;} + .side { float: left; font-size: 75%; width: 25%; padding-left: 0.8em; + border-left: dashed thin; text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; + font-weight: bold; color: black; background: #eeeeee; border: solid 1px;} + p.pfirst, p.noindent {text-indent: 0} + span.dropcap { float: left; margin: 0 0.1em 0 0; line-height: 1 } + pre { font-style: italic; font-size: 90%; margin-left: 10%;} + --> +</style> + </head> + <body> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + +Project Gutenberg's Uncle Daniel's Story Of "Tom" Anderson, by John McElroy + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Uncle Daniel's Story Of "Tom" Anderson + And Twenty Great Battles + +Author: John McElroy + +Release Date: March 25, 2010 [EBook #31769] +Last Updated: October 31, 2012 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger + + + + + +</pre> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY + </h1> + <h2> + OF "TOM" ANDERSON + </h2> + <h4> + And + </h4> + <h2> + Twenty Great Battles. + </h2> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + By John McElroy + </h2> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h3> + 1886. + </h3> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + "UNCLE DANIEL" IS PRESENTED TO THE PUBLIC. A TRUTHFUL + PICTURE, IN STORY, BASED UPON EVENTS OF THE LATE WAR. THIS + VOLUME IS DEDICATED TO THE UNION SOLDIERS AND THEIR + CHILDREN. + + The Author +</pre> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h4> + New York, Jan. 1st, 1886. + </h4> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="tom0011 (222K)" src="images/tom0011.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="tom0012 (55K)" src="images/tom0012.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /> <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <blockquote> + <p class="toc"> + <big><b>CONTENTS</b></big> + </p> + <p> + <br /> <a href="#link2H_4_0001"> <b>UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY</b> </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0001"> CHAPTER I. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0002"> CHAPTER II. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0003"> CHAPTER III. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0004"> CHAPTER IV. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0005"> CHAPTER V. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0006"> CHAPTER VI. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0007"> CHAPTER VII. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0008"> CHAPTER VIII. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0009"> CHAPTER IX. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0010"> CHAPTER X. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0011"> CHAPTER XI. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0012"> CHAPTER XII. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0013"> CHAPTER XIII. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0014"> CHAPTER XIV. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0015"> CHAPTER XV. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0016"> CHAPTER XVI. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0017"> CHAPTER XVII. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0018"> CHAPTER XVIII. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0019"> CHAPTER XIX. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0020"> CHAPTER XX. </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#link2HCH0021"> CHAPTER XXI. </a> + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <blockquote> + <p class="toc"> + <big><b>ILLUSTRATIONS</b></big> + </p> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0001"> Uncle Daniel Telling his Story </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0002"> Tom and the Mob </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0003"> Death of Harvey Lyon </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0004"> The Charge of Col. Anderson's Regiment </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0005"> Pupils Attacking the Little Abolitionist </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0006"> Col. Anderson Wounded </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0007"> Uncle Daniel Meets Aunt Martha </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0008"> Ham Encounters the Rebels </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0009"> Knights of the Golden Circle Meeting in a + Barn </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0010"> Drinking to the Success of Treason </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0011"> Henry Lyon is Captured </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0012"> Death of General Lyon </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0013"> General Anderson Taking Command </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0014"> Anderson Overhears the Conspiracy </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0015"> The Murder of Steven Lyon </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0016"> Morganson's Raid </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0017"> A Spector Appears to the General </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0018"> Seraine With Henry at Pine Forest Prison </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0019"> Jackson Starts for Europe </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0020"> The Burning of the Will-o-the-wisp </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0021"> Thomlinson and Friends in Consultation </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0022"> Marriage of Henry and Seraine </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0023"> Gens. Silent and Meador in Conversation </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0024"> A Scene in the Trenches </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0025"> Mrs. Lyon Dies at Peter's Coffin </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0026"> Uncle Daniel Conferring With Lincoln and + Stanton </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0027"> The Shooting of President Lincoln by Wilkes + </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0028"> Murderous Assault Upon Gen. Anderson and + Family </a> + </p> + <p class="toc"> + <a href="#linkimage-0029"> Death of Uncle Daniel </a> + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> <a name="link2H_4_0001" id="link2H_4_0001"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <h1> + UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY. + </h1> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0001" id="link2HCH0001"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER I. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + DARK DAYS OF 1861.—A FATHER WHO GAVE HIS CHILDREN TO THE + COUNTRY.—RALLYING TO THE FLAG.—RAISING VOLUNTEERS IN + SOUTHERN INDIANA. + + "The more solitary, the more friendless, the more + unsustained I am, the more I will respect and rely upon + myself."—Charlotte Bronte +</pre> + <p> + ALLENTOWN is a beautiful little city of 10,000 inhabitants, situated on + the Wabash River, in Vigo County, Ind., in the vicinity of which several + railroads now center. It is noted for its elevated position, general + healthfulness, and for its beautiful residences and cultivated society. + Daniel Lyon located here in 1850. He was a man of marked ability and + undoubted integrity; was six feet two inches in height, well proportioned, + and of very commanding and martial appearance. In 1861, he was surrounded + by a large family, seven grown sons—James, David, Jackson, Peter, + Stephen, Henry and Harvey—all of whom were well educated, fond of + field sports and inclined to a military life. The mother, "Aunt Sarah," as + she was commonly called by the neighbors, was a charming, motherly, + Christian woman, whose heart and soul seemed to be wrapped up in the + welfare of her family. She was of short, thick build, but rather handsome, + with dark brown hair and large blue eyes, gentle and kind. Her politeness + and generosity were proverbial. She thought each of her seven sons a model + man; her loving remarks about them were noticeable by all. + </p> + <p> + Daniel Lyon is at present 85 years old, and lives with one of his + granddaughters—Jennie Lyon—now married to a man by the name of + James Wilson, in Oakland, Ind., a small town conspicuous only for its rare + educational facilities. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0001" id="linkimage-0001"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0017.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Uncle Daniel Telling his Story 017 " /> + </div> + <p> + On the evening of the 22d of February, 1884, a number of the neighbors, + among whom was Col. Daniel Bush, a gallant and fearless officer of the + Union side during the late war, and Dr. Adams, President of ——— + College, dropped in to see Uncle Daniel, as he is now familiarly called. + During the evening, Col. Bush, turning to the old veteran, said: + </p> + <p> + "'Uncle Daniel,' give us a story from some of your experiences during the + war." + </p> + <p> + The old man arose from his easy-chair and stood erect, his hair, as white + as snow, falling in profusion over his shoulders. His eyes, though dimmed + by age, blazed forth in youthful brightness; his frame shook with + excitement, his lips quivered, and tears rolled down the furrows of his + sunken cheeks. All were silent. He waved his hand to the friends to be + seated; then, drawing his big chair to the centre of the group, he sat + down. After a few moments' pause he spoke, in a voice tremulous with + emotion: + </p> + <p> + "My experience was vast. I was through the whole of the war. I saw much. + My story is a true one, but very sad. As you see, my home is a desolate + waste. My family consists now of only two grand-children; wife and sons + are all gone. I am all that is now left of my once happy family. My God! + My God! Why should I have been required to bear this great burden? But + pardon this weakness in an old man. I will now begin my story. + </p> + <p> + "In the month of ———, 1861, my nephew, 'Tom' Anderson,—I + called the boy Tom, as I learned to do so many years before, while + visiting at his father's; he was the son of my eldest sister,—his + wife, Mary, and their only child, a beautiful little girl of two years + (called Mary, for her mother), were visiting at my house. Their home was + in Jackson, Miss. One evening my good wife, Tom, his wife, my son Peter, + and I were sitting on our front porch discussing the situation, when we + heard a great noise a couple of blocks south of us. The young men stepped + out to see what the trouble was and in a very short time they returned + greatly excited. A company of men were marching down the street bearing + the American flag, when a number of rebel sympathizers had assaulted them + with stones, clubs, etc., and had taken their flag and torn it to shreds. + It seemed that a Mr. 'Dan' Bowen, a prominent man in that part of the + State, had been haranguing the people on the question of the war, and had + denounced it as 'an infamous Abolition crusade,' and the President as a + villainous tyrant,' and those who were standing by the Union as 'Lincoln's + hirelings, and dogs with collars around their necks.' This language + stirred up the blood of the worst element of the people, who sympathised + with secession, and had it not been for the timely interposition of many + good and worthy citizens, blood would have been shed upon the streets." + </p> + <p> + Here Col. Bush asked: + </p> + <p> + "What became of this man Bowen?" + </p> + <p> + "I understand that he now occupies one of the highest positions the people + of Indiana can give to one of her citizens. You see, my friends, that we + American people are going so fast that we pass by everything and forget + almost in a day the wrongs to our citizens and our country." + </p> + <p> + "But to return to what I was saying in connection with the young men. Tom + Anderson was in a state of great excitement. He said he had almost been + mobbed before leaving home for entertaining Union sentiments, and feared + that he could not safely return with his family. My son Peter suggested + that, perhaps, they (being young) owed a duty to their country and could + not perform it in a more satisfactory manner than to enter the service and + do battle for the old flag. To this suggestion no reply was made at the + time. I said to them: + </p> + <p> + "'This seems to me a very strange condition of things, to see a Government + like this threatened in its permanency by the very people that have + controlled and profited most by it.' Tom replied: + </p> + <p> + "'Uncle, I have given a great deal of thought to this subject. You know I + was born in Ohio. My father was an Episcopal minister, and settled in + Mississippi while I was but a boy. My father and mother are both buried + there, leaving me an only child. I grew up and there married my good wife, + Mary Whitthorne. We have lived happily together. I have had a good + practice at the law; have tried to reconcile myself to their theories of + human rights and 'rope-of-sand' government, but cannot. They are very <i>different</i> + from our Northern people—have <i>different</i> theories of + government and morals, with <i>different</i> habits of thought and action. + The Pilgrim Fathers of the North who landed at Plymouth Rock were men of + independence of thought; believed in Christianity, in education and + universal liberty. They and their progeny have moved almost on a line due + west, to the Pacific Ocean, infusing their energy, their ideas of + government, of civil liberty, of an advanced Christian civilization, with + a belief in man's equality before the law. These ideas and thoughts have + become imbedded in the minds of the Northern people so firmly that they + will fight to maintain them; will make them temporarily a success, and + would make them permanent but for their habit of moving so rapidly in the + direction of business and the accumulation of wealth, which prepares the + mind to surrender everything to the accomplishment of this single object. + The Southern inhabitants are almost entirely descended from impetuous, + hot-blooded people. Their ancestors that landed at Jamestown, and later + along the Southern Atlantic coast within our borders, were of an + adventurous and warlike people. Their descendants have driven westward + almost on a parallel line with the Northern people to the borders of + Mexico, occasionally lapping over the Northern line. Their thoughts, + ideas, manners and customs have been impressed upon the people wherever + they have gone, by the pretense, always foremost and uppermost, as if a + verity, that they were the most hospitable and chivalric of any people in + America. Their civilization was different. Their arguments were enforced + by the pistol and bowie-knife upon their equals, and slaves subjected to + their will by the lash and bloodhound—the death of a man, white or + black, being considered no more than merely a reduction of one in the + enumeration of population. They have opposed common schools for fear the + poorer classes of whites might have an opportunity of contesting at some + time the honors of office, that being the great ambition of Southern + society. They would not allow the slave to be educated for fear he might + learn that he was a man, having rights above the brute with which he has + always been held on a par. The aristocracy only were educated. And this + was generally done in the North, where the facilities were good; and by + sending them from home it kept down the envy and ambition of the poorer + classes, where, if they could have seen the opportunity of acquiring + knowledge it might have stimulated them to greater exertion for the + purpose of storing their minds with something useful in extricating + themselves from an obedience to the mere will of the dominating class. + Those people, one and all, no matter how ignorant, are taught to consider + themselves better than any other people save the English, whose sentiments + they inculcate. They are not in sympathy with a purely Republican system + of Government. They believe in a controlling class, and they propose to be + that class. I have heard them utter these sentiments so often that I am + sure that I am correct. They all trace their ancestry back to some + nobleman in some mysterious way, and think their blood better than that + which courses in the veins of any Northern man, and honestly believe that + one of them in war will be the equal of five men of the North. They think + because Northern men will not fight duels, they must necessarily be + cowards. In the first contest my judgment is that they will be successful. + They are trained with the rifle and shotgun; have taken more pains in + military drill than the people of the North, and will be in condition for + war earlier than the Union forces. They are also in better condition in + the way of arms than the Government forces will be. The fact that they had + control of the Government and have had all the best arms turned over to + them by a traitorous Secretary of War, places them on a war footing at + once, while the Government must rely upon purchasing arms from foreign + countries, and possibly of a very inferior character. Until foundries and + machinery for manufacturing arms can be constructed, the Government will + be in poor condition to equip troops for good and effective service. This + war now commenced will go on; the North will succeed; slavery will go down + forever; the Union will be preserved, and for a time the Union sentiment + will control the Government; but when reverses come in business matters to + the North, the business men there, in order to get the trade of the South, + under the delusion that they can gain pecuniarily by the change, will, + through some 'siren song,' turn the Government over again to the same + blustering and domineering people who have ever controlled it. This, + uncle, is the fear that disturbs me most at present.'" + </p> + <p> + "How prophetic," spoke up Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, yes," exclaimed all present. + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush at this point arose and walked across the floor. All eyes were + upon him. Great tears rolled down his bronzed cheeks. In suppressed tones + he said: + </p> + <p> + "For what cause did I lose my right arm?" + </p> + <p> + He again sat down, and for the rest of the evening seemed to be in deep + meditation. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel, resuming his story, said: + </p> + <p> + "Just as Tom had finished what he was saying, I heard the garden gate open + and shut, and David and Harvey appeared in the moonlight in front of the + porch. These were my second and youngest sons. David lived some five miles + from Allentown, on a farm, and Harvey had been staying at his house, + helping do the farm work. They were both very much excited. Their mother, + who had left. Mary Anderson in the parlor, came out to enjoy the fresh air + with us, and observing the excited condition of her two sons, exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + "'Why, my dear boys! what is the matter?' + </p> + <p> + "David spoke to his mother, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Do not get excited or alarmed when I tell you that Harvey and I have + made a solemn vow this evening that we will start to Washington city in + the morning.' + </p> + <p> + "'For what, my dear sons, are you going?' inquired the mother, much + troubled. + </p> + <p> + "'We are going to tender our services to the President in behalf of the + Union. Harvey is going along with me, believing it his duty. As I was + educated by the Government for the military service, I deem it my duty to + it, when in danger from this infamous and unholy rebellion, to aid in + putting it down.' + </p> + <p> + "Their mother raised her hands and thanked God that she had not taught + them lessons of patriotism in vain. She laid her head upon David's manly + breast and wept, and then clasped Harvey in her arms and blessed him as + her young and tender child, and asked God to preserve him and return him + safely to her, as he was her cherished hope. Peter, who had been silent + during the entire evening, except the bare suggestion to Tom to enter the + service, now arose from where he was sitting, and extending his hand to + David, said: + </p> + <p> + "'My old boy, I am with you. I shall commence at once to raise a company.' + </p> + <p> + "David turned to his mother and laughingly said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mother, you seem to have taught us all the same lesson.' + </p> + <p> + "His mother's eyes filled with tears as she turned away to seek Mary. She + found her in the parlor teaching her sweet little daughter her prayers. My + wife stood looking at the pretty picture of mother and child until little + Mary Anderson finished, kissed her mamma, and ran off to bed; then + entering the room she said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mary, my child, I am too weak to speak. I have held up as long as I can + stand it,' and then burst into tears. Mary sprang to her at once, clasping + her in her arms. + </p> + <p> + "'Dearest auntie, what is the matter? Are you ill? + </p> + <p> + "'No! no! my child; I am full of fear and grief; I tremble. My sons are + going to volunteer. I am grieved for fear they will never return. Oh! + Mary! I had such a terrible dream about all the family last night. Oh! I + cannot think of it; and yet I want them to go. God knows I love my + country, and would give all—life and everything—to save it. + No, I will not discourage them. I will tell you my dream when I have more + strength.' + </p> + <p> + "Just then my blessed old wife fainted. Mary screamed, and we all rushed + into the parlor and found her lying on the floor with Mary bending over, + trying to restore her. We were all startled, and quickly lifted her up, + when she seemed to revive, and was able to sit in a chair. In a few + moments she was better, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'I am all right now; don't worry. I was so startled and overcome at the + thought that so many of my dear children were going to leave me at once + and on such a perilous enterprise.' + </p> + <p> + "To this Peter answered: + </p> + <p> + "'Mother, you ought not to grieve about me. Being an old bachelor, there + will be but few to mourn if I should be killed.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; but, my son, your mother loves you all the same.' + </p> + <p> + "Just then a rap was heard at the window. It being open, a letter was + thrown in upon the floor. I picked it up. It was addressed to 'Thos. + Anderson.' I handed it to him. He opened it, and read it to himself, and + instantly turned very pale and walked the floor. His wife took his arm and + spoke most tenderly, asking what it was that troubled him. + </p> + <p> + "'Mary, dear, I will read it,' he said, and unfolding the letter, he read + aloud: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + "'Jackson, Miss., June — 1861. + + "'Dear Tom—You have been denounced to-day in resolutions as + a traitor to the Southern cause, and your property + confiscated. Serves you right. I am off to-morrow morning + for the Confederate Army. + Good-by. + Love to sister. + + "'Your enemy in war, + + "'JOS. WHITTHORNE. +</pre> + <p> + "'Mary sank into a chair. For a moment all were silent. At last Tom + exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + "'What is there now left for me?" + </p> + <p> + "His wife, with the stateliness of a queen, as she was, her black hair + clustering about her temples and falling around her shoulders and neck, + her bosom heaving, her eyes flashing fire, on her tip-toes arose to her + utmost height. All gazed upon her with admiration, her husband looking at + her with a wildness almost of frenzy. She clenched both hands and held + them straight down by her side, and exclaimed in a tone that would have + made a lion cower: + </p> + <p> + "'Would that I were a man! I would not stop until the last traitor begged + for quarter!' + </p> + <p> + "Tom flew to her and embraced her, exclaiming: + </p> + <p> + "'I was only waiting for that word.' + </p> + <p> + "She murmured: + </p> + <p> + "'My heavens, can it be that there are any of my blood traitors to this + country?' + </p> + <p> + "The household were by this time much affected. A long silence ensued, + which was broken by David, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Father, Harvey and I having agreed to go to Washington to enter the + army, I wish to make some arrangements for my family. You know I have + plenty for Jennie and the babies, and I want to leave all in your hands to + do with as if it were your own, so that the family will have such comforts + as they desire.' + </p> + <p> + "David's wife, Jennie, was a delightful little woman, with two beautiful + children—Jennie, named for her mother, and Sarah, for my wife. I + said to David that I would write to his brother James, who was a widower, + having no children, to come and stay with Jennie. I at once wrote James, + who was practicing medicine at Winchester, Va., that I feared it would be + 'unhealthy' for him there, so to come to me at once. This being done and + all necessary arrangements made, David and Harvey bade all an affectionate + farewell and started for their farm, leaving their mother and Mary in + tears. As their footsteps died away their mother went to the door, + exclaiming, "'Oh, my children! will I ever see you again?' "That night we + all joined in a general conversation on the subject of the war. It was + arranged that Peter should start next morning for Indianapolis to see the + Governor, and, if possible, obtain authority to raise a regiment under the + call of the President. This having been decided upon we all retired, + bidding each other good night. I presume there was little sleeping in our + house that night save what little Mary did, the poor child being entirely + unconscious of the excitement and distress in the family. The next morning + Peter took the train for Indianapolis, Tom went down town to ascertain the + latest news, and I took my horse and rode out to David's farm, leaving the + two women in tears, and little Mary inquiring: "'What is the matter, mamma + and aunty?' "I rode on in a deep study as to the outcome of all this + trouble. I came to David's house, unconscious for a moment as to where I + was, aroused, however, by hearing some one crying as if in despair. I + looked around and saw it was Jennie. She stood on the door-step in great + grief, the two children asking where their father had gone. "'Good + morning, my daughter,' I said, and, dismounting, I took her in my arms, + and laying her head on my shoulder she sobbed as if her heart would break. + </p> + <p> + "'O! my dear husband, shall I ever see him again? O! my children, what + shall I do?' was all she could say. + </p> + <p> + "I broke down completely, this was too much; the cries of the little + children for their papa and the tears of their mother were more than I + could stand. He had never left them before to be gone any great length of + time. I took Jennie and the children into the house. There was a + loneliness and a sadness about the situation that was unendurable, and I + at once ordered one of the farm hands to hitch the horses to the wagon and + put the family and their little traps in and get ready to take them to my + house, and turned David's house over to his head man, Joseph Dent (he + being very trusty) to take charge of until David should return. With these + arrangements I left with the family for Allentown. On our arrival the + meeting of the three women would have melted the heart of a stone. I + walked out to the barn and remained there for quite awhile, thinking + matters over to myself. When I returned to the house all had become quiet + and seemingly reconciled. For several days all was suspense; nothing had + been heard from any of our boys; I tried to keep away from the house as + much as possible to avoid answering questions asked by the women and the + poor little children, which I knew no more about than they did. But while + we were at breakfast on the morning of ———, Jennie was + speaking of going out to her house that day to look after matters at home + and see that all was going well. Just at this moment a boy entered with a + letter, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Burton sent me with this, thinking there might be something that you + would like to see.' + </p> + <p> + "Mr. B. was the Postmaster, and very kind to us. He was a true Union man, + but the opposition there was so strong that he was very quiet; he kept the + American flag flying over his office, which was burned on that account a + few nights later, as was supposed, by Southern sympathizing incendiaries. + These were perilous times in Southern Indiana." + </p> + <p> + "Yes! Yes!" said Col. Bush. "We had a taste of it in Southern Ohio, where + I then resided; I know all about it. The men who were for mobbing us at + that time are now the most prominent 'reformers,' and seem to be the most + influential persons. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel continued: + </p> + <p> + "I opened the letter and read it aloud. It ran substantially as follows: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + "'We arrived at Columbus, O., on the morning of ———, when + there was some delay. While walking about the depot I + chanced to meet your old friend the Governor. He was very + glad to see me, and said to me, "Lyon, you are the very man + I am looking for." I asked, "Why, Governor? I am on my way + to Washington to tender my services to the President in + behalf of the Union." The Governor answered, "You are + hunting service, I see. Well, sir, I have a splendid + regiment enlisted, but want to have a man of some experience + for their Colonel, and as you have been in the Regular Army + and maintained a good reputation, I will give you the + position if you will take it. I grasped him by the hand and + thanked him with all my heart. This was more than I could + have expected. So, you see, I start off well. We are now in + camp. I am duly installed as Colonel. Harvey has been + mustered in and I have him detailed at my headquarters. He + seems to take to soldiering very readily. I have written + Jennie all about matters. I hope she and my darling children + are well and as happy as can be under the circumstances. + + "'Your affectionate son, + + "'David Lyon.' +</pre> + <p> + "He did not know that I had them at my house, and all were assisting one + another to keep up courage. This letter affected the whole family, and + caused many tears to fall, in joy as well as grief; joy that he had + succeeded so well at the beginning, and grief at his absence. That evening + Jennie received her letter from the 'Colonel' as we now called him, all + becoming very military in our language. Her letter was of the same import, + but much of it devoted to family affairs. This made Jennie happy. We all + retired and rested well that night, after pleasing the children by telling + them about their father being a great soldier, and that they must be good + children, and in that way cause their mother to write pleasant things + about them to their good papa." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0002" id="link2HCH0002"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER II. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF THE "GAPS."—YOUNG HARVEY LYON BRUTALLY MURDERED.— + UNCLE DANIEL'S RETURN.—RAISING TROOPS IN SOUTHERN + INDIANA. + + "When sorrows come they come not single spies, but in + battalion." —-Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + "Three days later Peter returned from Indianapolis, with full authority + for Tom Anderson to recruit a regiment for the Union service. This was + very gratifying to him, and he said to his wife, 'Mary, my time will + come.' She appeared happy over the news, but her quivering lip, as she + responded, gave evidence of her fears that the trial to her was going to + be severe. My good wife then called us into tea, and when we were all + seated, Mary said to her: + </p> + <p> + "'Aunt Sarah, you have not yet told us your dream. Don't you remember, you + promised to tell it to me? Now let us hear it, please." + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, my child. It has troubled me very much; and yet I don't believe + there is any cause for alarm at what one may dream.' + </p> + <p> + "'Mother, let us hear it,' spoke up Peter; 'it might be something that I + could interpret. You know I try to do this sometimes; but I am not as + great a success as Daniel of old.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, my son, it was this: I thought your father and I were in the + garden. He was pulling some weeds from the flower-bed, when he was + painfully stung on both hands by some insect. Soon his fingers began + dropping off—all five from his right hand and his thumb and little + finger from his left.' + </p> + <p> + "Tom laughingly said, 'Uncle, hold up your hands;' which I did, saying, + 'You see my fingers are not gone.' Whereupon they all laughed except + Peter. + </p> + <p> + "My wife said to him: + </p> + <p> + "'My son, what is your interpretation of my dream! It troubles me.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, mother, I will not try it now. Let the war interpret it; it will + do it correctly, doubtless. Let us talk about something else. You know + dreams amount to nothing now-a-days.' + </p> + <p> + "During all this time, Peter wore a serious countenance. We discussed the + matter as to how Tom should go about raising his regiment. It was + understood that he should start out at once, and that Peter should take + the recruits, as fast as organized into companies, and place them in the + camp of instruction at Indianapolis. The next morning Tom opened a + recruiting office in Allentown, placed Peter temporarily in charge, and + started through the country making speeches to the people (he was quite an + orator), and soon succeeded in arousing patriotic sentiments in and about + Allentown. After raising two companies, he extended his operations, going + down on the O. & M. R. R. to Saco, a town then of about 1,000 + inhabitants. While addressing the people, a mob gathered and were about to + hang him. He stood them off until the Union people came to his rescue and + saved his life." + </p> + <p> + "That is just as it was where I lived," said Col. Bush. "I know of just + such a case, where a mob tried the same thing; some of them, however, + repented before they went to heaven, I hope." + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel continued: + </p> + <p> + "He left the town, however, under a guard and returned home. Soon after + this he made a second effort, by arming 20 resolute men of his recruits + with Colt's revolvers, which he procured from the Governor of the State, + and returned to Saco. He at once gave notice that he would speak the next + day. When the time arrived, he told his men to take positions in the + crowd, scattering as well as they could in his front. This done he + commenced his speech. Soon mutterings of the crowd could be heard, and + finally the storm came and they rushed towards the stand. He shouted at + the top of his voice, "Hold!" at the same time drawing his revolver, + declaring he would shoot the first man that advanced another step, and + also raising his left hand above his head. This was a signal for his men + to "fall in," and they all rushed into line in his front with drawn + weapons. The crowd instantly ran in all directions, much to the amusement + and gratification of Tom. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0002" id="linkimage-0002"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0030.jpg" width="100%" alt="Tom and the Mob 030 " /> + </div> + <p> + "There were some loyal men in that community, and before leaving Saco, Tom + had raised a full company. When the day came for them to leave, they + marched with the flag presented to them by the ladies of the town proudly + waving, and with drum and fife making all the noise possible. There was no + more disturbance there, except in secret. The 'secesh' element murdered + several soldiers afterwards, and continued secretly hostile to the success + of our army. In a few days after this Tom had recruited another company. + There seemed then to be an immediate demand for a regiment, with a brave + and daring officer, at the Capital, for some reason not then made known. + Tom was ordered to have his four companies mustered in, and, attached to + six already in camp; he was commissioned Colonel, and the regiment was + numbered the —— Indiana Infantry Volunteers. Tom Anderson + looked the soldier in every respect. He was five feet eleven, straight as + an arrow, well-built, large, broad shoulders, black eyes and hair, and + martial in his bearing. + </p> + <p> + "He placed his family in my charge. The next day after Tom had left (Peter + Lyon, my son, having gone before him with the recruits), my wife, Mary, + Jennie, the three children and myself, were all on the porch, when a tall + man, fully six feet, rather fine looking, made his appearance at the gate, + and asked if that was where Daniel Lyon lived. As I answered in the + affirmative, he opened the gate and walking in, saluted us all with: + </p> + <p> + "'How do you do? Do you not recognize me? I am James Lyon.' + </p> + <p> + "I sprang to him and grasped his hand, his mother threw her arms around + his neck and wept for joy, the other women greeted him heartily, and the + little children rushed to him. Although they had never seen him before, + they knew he was some one they were glad to see, as their fathers and + uncles, whom they knew, were gone from them. We all sat down and the + Doctor, as I must call him (being a physician by profession), gave us some + of his experiences of the last few weeks. When he received my letter and + commenced getting ready to leave, the people of Winchester suspected him + of preparing to go North to aid the Union, and so they threw his drugs + into the street, destroyed his books, and made him leave town a beggar. He + walked several miles, and finally found an old friend, who loaned him + money enough to get to my place." + </p> + <p> + Mr. Reeves, who was of the party, said: + </p> + <p> + "I have been through all that and more, too. I had to leave my wife and + family, and was almost riddled with bullets besides; but it is all past + now." + </p> + <p> + "I have been greatly interested, Uncle Daniel," said Dr. Adams, "and am + taking down all you say in shorthand, and intend to write it up." + </p> + <p> + "The next day," continued Uncle Daniel, "the newspapers had telegrams + stating that the troops at Columbus and other places had been ordered to + the East for active operations. I said to Dr. James that he must stay with + the family while I went to Washington, as I wanted to see the President on + matters of importance. The truth was, I wanted to see David and Harvey, as + well as the President. I started the next morning, after telling the women + and children to be of good cheer. + </p> + <p> + "When I reached Washington I found the army had moved to the front, and + was daily expecting an engagement, but I could not understand where. I at + once visited the President, to whom I was well known, and told him my + desire, which was to see my sons. He promptly gave me a note to the + Provost-Marshal, which procured me a pass through the lines. That night I + was in the camp of my son David, who, you remember, was a Colonel. After + our greeting we sat down by his camp chest, upon which was spread his + supper of cold meat, hard crackers and coffee, the whole lighted by a + single candle inserted in the shank of a bayonet which was stuck in the + ground. While enjoying the luxury of a soldier's fare I told him all about + the family, his own in particular. Harvey enjoyed the things said of him + by the children which I repeated. The Colonel, however, seemed thoughtful, + and did not incline to very much conversation. Looking up with a grave + face he said to me: + </p> + <p> + "'Father, to-morrow may determine the fate of the Republic. I am satisfied + that a battle, and perhaps a terrible one, will be fought very near + here.'" + </p> + <p> + 'I asked him about the armies, and he replied that we had a very large + army, but poorly drilled and disciplined; that the enemy had the advantage + in this respect. As to commanding officers, they were alike on both sides, + with but little experience in handling large armies. He suggested that we + retire to rest, so that we could be up early, but urged me to stay at the + rear, and not go where I would be exposed. To this I assented. Soon we + retired to our couches, which were on the ground, with but one blanket + apiece and no tent over us. I did not sleep that night. My mind was + wandering over the field in anticipation of what was to occur. + </p> + <p> + Early next morning I heard the orders given to march in the direction of + the gaps. Wagons were rolling along the road, whips were cracking, and + teamsters in strong language directing their mules; artillery was noisy in + its motion; the tramp of infantry was steady and continuous; cavalrymen + were rushing to and fro. I started to the rear, as my son had directed, + and ate my breakfast as I rode along. About 10 o'clock I heard musket + shots, and soon after artillery; then the musketry increased. I listened + for awhile. Troops were rushing past me to the front. As I was dressed in + citizen's clothes, the boys would occasionally call out to me, 'Old chap, + you had better get back;' but I could not. I was moved forward by some + strong impulse, I knew not what, and finally found myself nearing the + front with my horse on the run. Soon I could see the lines forming, and + moving forward into the woods in the direction of the firing, I watched + closely for my son's command, and kept near it, but out of sight of the + Colonel, as I feared he would be thinking of my being in danger, and might + neglect his duty. The battle was now fully opened—the artillery in + batteries opening along the line, the infantry heavily engaged, the + cavalry moving rapidly to our flanks. Steadily the line moved on, when + volley after volley rolled from one end of the line to the other. Now our + left was driven back, then the line adjusted and advanced again. The rebel + left gave way; then the center. Our cavalry charged, and our artillery was + advanced. A shout was heard all along the line, and steadily on our line + moved. The rebels stubbornly resisted, but were gradually giving way. The + commanding General rode along the line, encouraging all by saying: + </p> + <p> + "'The victory is surely ours, Press forward steadily and firmly; keep your + line closed up;' and to the officers, 'Keep your commands well in hand.' + </p> + <p> + "He felt that he had won the day. For hours the battle went steadily on in + this way. I rode up and down the line watching every movement. I took + position finally where I could see the enemy. I never expected to see + officers lead their men as the rebels did on that day. They would rally + their shattered ranks and lead them back into the very jaws of death. Many + fell from their horses, killed or wounded; the field was strewn with the + dead and dying; horses were running in different directions riderless. I + had never seen a battle, and this was so different from what I had + supposed from reading, I took it for granted that, both sides being + unacquainted with war, were doing many things not at all military. I + learned more about it afterward, however. From an eminence, where I had + posted myself, I could see a large column of fresh troops filing into the + plain from the hills some miles away. They were moving rapidly and coming + in the direction of the right flank of our army. I at once rode as fast as + I could to the left, where my son was inline, and for the first time that + day showed myself to him. He seemed somewhat excited when he saw me, and + asked: 'In Heaven's name what are you doing here?' + </p> + <p> + "I said: 'Never mind me, I am in no danger.' + </p> + <p> + "I then told him what I had seen, and he at once sent an orderly, with a + note to the General commanding. In a short time, however, we heard the + assault made on our right. It was terrific. Our troops gave way and + commenced falling back. The alarm seemed to go all along the line, and a + general retreat began without orders. Soon the whole army was leaving the + field, and without further resistance gave away the day. The rebel army + was also exhausted, and seemed to halt, in either joy or amazement, at the + action of our forces. + </p> + <p> + "Just as our army retired I found a poor young officer wounded. I let him + take my horse, thinking that I could walk as fast as the army could march. + I came to the place formerly occupied by my son's regiment. There I found + quite a number of wounded men, and my young son Harvey trying to help one + of his comrades from the field. + </p> + <p> + "Neither army was then in sight. I heard the sound of horses' hoofs; + looked up, and saw a cavalry troop coming. I supposed it to be our own, + and did not move. They dashed up where we were, and Col. Hunter, in + command, drew his sabre and cut my dear boy down. I caught him as he fell, + his head being cleft open. I burst out loudly in grief, and was seized as + a prisoner. I presume my dress and gray hair saved my life. I was torn + from my son and made to walk some three miles, to the headquarters of Gen. + Jones, who heard my story about my adventure and my dead boy. He at once + released me and sent an officer with me to that part of the field where my + dead child lay. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0003" id="linkimage-0003"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0035.jpg" width="100%" alt="Death of Harvey Lyon 035 " /> + </div> + <p> + "I shall ever respect Gen. Jones. He is still living, and respected highly + for his great soldierly qualities. I walked on the line of our retreat + until I came up with a man driving an ambulance. I took him back with me + and brought my son away from the field to the camp of his brother, whom I + found in great distress about Harvey, but he was not aware of what had + befallen him. I pointed to the ambulance, he looked and saw him lying + there dead. He fell on my neck and accused himself for having brought the + young boy away from home to encounter the perils of war. I was going to + take his body back to his mother, but the Colonel said: + </p> + <p> + "'No; bury him like a soldier on the battlefield.' + </p> + <p> + "So I gave way, and we buried him that night in the best manner we could. + He now lies in the cemetery at Arlington. My sorrow was great then, but I + am past it all now, and can grieve no more." + </p> + <p> + Col Bush here interrupted, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Uncle Daniel, you made a narrow escape. My heavens! to think of a father + carrying his young son dead from the battlefield, slain by an enemy in + such a villainous and dastardly way." + </p> + <p> + "What a blow to a father," said Dr. Adams. "Uncle Daniel, this Colonel was + a demon to strike down a youth while assisting a wounded comrade. He + deserved to be killed." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, it would seem so. I felt just as you do, and my son David uttered + many imprecations against him. But, you see, we forgave all these men and + acquited them of all their unholy deeds. Col. Hunter has become a very + prominent man since the war, and now holds a high position in one of the + Southern States. You know, in the South, the road to high position since + the war has been through the rebel camps." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, yes! Uncle Daniel, that is true. Not so, however, with us in the + North. The road to high position here is not through the Union camps, but + through wealth and the influence of what is called elegant society, where + no questions are asked as to how or where you got your money, so you have + it." + </p> + <p> + "It does seem so, Doctor, now; but it was not so in our earlier days. I am + sorry to confess that this change has taken place. + </p> + <p> + "After going through the scenes of this battle, now called the battle of + the 'Gaps,' and burying my son, I felt for the time as if I could have no + heart in anything the only thought on my mind was how to break the sad + news to his mother. The Colonel said he would keep the name from the list + of the dead until I could return home to be with the mother, so as to + console her in her grief. I bade my son, the Colonel, farewell. There he + stood, quiet and erect, the great tears rolling down his cheeks. I + commenced my sad journey alone. In going to Washington I overtook + straggling detachments, teams without drivers, and found on the road + general waste of army materials, and equipage of all kinds in large + quantities. Arriving in Washington, everything was in great confusion. The + old General then in command of all the forces was dignified and martial in + his every look and movement, but evidently much excited. There was no + danger, however, as both armies were willing to stand off without another + trial of arms for the present. I saw the President and told him what I had + witnessed, as well as my misfortune. I advised that no movement of our + forces be again attempted without further drilling and better discipline, + as I was sure good training would have prevented the disaster of that day. + On my way home I was oppressed with grief, causing many inquiries of me as + to my distress, which only made it necessary for me to repeat my sad story + over and over again until I reached Allentown. My friends, there was the + great test of my strength and manhood. How could I break this to my wife? + They had all heard the news of the battle, and were in sorrow over our + country's misfortune. On entering the gate all rushed out on the porch to + welcome me back, eager for news; but my countenance told the sad story. + The Doctor was the first to speak: + </p> + <p> + "'We know about the battle, father,' said he; 'but your face tells me + something has happened to the boys. What is it?' + </p> + <p> + "Sarah and the women stood as pale as death, but could not speak. Then I + broke down, but tried to be as calm as I could, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Our dear Harvey is killed.' + </p> + <p> + "My wife fell upon my neck and sobbed and cried aloud in despair until I + thought her heart would break. The children ran out to their mother, + crying: + </p> + <p> + "'Oh! mother, what is the matter? Is papa hurt? Is he shot?' + </p> + <p> + "They screamed, and the scene was one that would have melted the strongest + heart. James stood and gazed on the scene. When all 'became somewhat calm, + my wife was tenderly placed in bed, and Jennie, after hearing that the + Colonel was safe, staid with her. To the others I related my experience on + the battlefield, and the death of Harvey, his burial, my capture and + release, my arrival at and departure from Washington, and all up to the + time I reached home. The saddest time I ever spent in my life was during + the long, weary hours of that night; the attempt to reconcile my wife to + our sad fate, the fears expressed by the wives of the Colonel and Tom, the + questions of the children, and their grief and sobs for their Uncle Harvey—they + all loved him dearly; he had petted them and played with them frequently, + entertaining them in a way that children care so much for. Many days my + wife was confined to her bed, the Doctor keeping close watch over her. + Weeks of sadness and gloom in our household passed before we seemed to + take the matter as a part of what many would have to experience in this + dreadful and wicked attempt to destroy the peace and happiness of our + people. In the meantime, Col. Tom Anderson (as he was now a Colonel), and + my son Peter, who had been made a Captain in Col. Anderson's regiment, + came home to see us, and tried to make it as pleasant for us as could be + done under the circumstances. When Peter heard of Harvey's death, through + Col. Anderson, he was very much affected and wept bitterly. + </p> + <p> + "'That dream haunts me,' he said, 'by day and by night. I know my fate so + well.' + </p> + <p> + "This amazed the Colonel, and he asked Peter what he meant by this + nonsense. + </p> + <p> + "'I know,' said Peter, 'but—' + </p> + <p> + "'But what?' asked the Colonel. + </p> + <p> + "'Nothing,' replied Peter, and the conversation on that subject dropped + for the time being. + </p> + <p> + "The visit of Col. Tom and Capt. Peter, as we now out of courtesy called + them, made the time pass much more pleasantly. Col. Tom and the Doctor, + both being good conversationalists, kept the minds of the family as much + away from the battle of the Gaps as possible. The Doctor having lived in + Virginia and Col. Anderson in Mississippi, their conversation naturally + turned on the condition of the South. The Doctor said 'there are in + Virginia many Union men, but they were driven into secession by the + aggressiveness and ferocity of those desiring a separation from the + Government. + </p> + <p> + "'Those people are opposed to a Republican form of Government, and if they + succeed in gaining a separation and independence, sooner or later they + will take on the form of the English Government. They now regard the + English more favorably than they do the Northern people, and the most + surprising thing to me is to see the sentiment in the North in favor of + the success of this (the Southern) rebellion. True, it is confined to one + political party, but that is a strong party in the North as well as the + South. + </p> + <p> + "'One of the dangers that will confront us is the tiring out of our Union + people at some stage of the war, and following on that the success by the + sympathizers with the rebellion in the elections North. If this can be + brought about it will be done. This is part of the Southern programme, and + they have their men selected in every Northern State.'" + </p> + <p> + "'I have heard this discussed frequently, and their statements as to the + assurances that they have from all over the North—in New York, Ohio, + Pennsylvania, Indiana, Illinois, and so on. In Ohio, their chief adviser + from the North, Mr. Valamburg, resides. Such men as "Dan" Bowen and Thos. + A. Stridor, both very influential and prominent men, are regarded as ready + to act in concert with them at any moment. Should that party succeed, with + such men as I have mentioned as leaders, the independence of the + Confederacy would at once be acknowledged, on the ground that we have + failed to suppress the rebellion, and that a further continuance of the + war would only prove an absolute failure; and I fear that our Northern + peacemakers would then cry "peace! peace!" and acquiesce in this outrage + upon our Republic and our Christian civilization," 'Yes,' replied Col. + Tom; 'but, Doctor—there is a feature preceding that which should be + carefully considered. I fear, since I have heard what is going on here, + that these Northern secessionists and sympathizers will organize in our + rear and bring on war here at home. I was ordered to the Capital to watch + this movement. They are organizing all around us. I was about to be mobbed + near here for trying to raise troops for the Union army. Thos. A. Strider, + of whom you spoke, is doing everything he can to discourage enlistments. + He speaks of the Republican President as "a tyrant and this war as an + unholy abolition war," and people listen to him. He has been considered a + kind of oracle in this State for many years, as you know.' + </p> + <p> + "Just then Jennie returned from the post-office with two letters from Col. + David—one to her and one to the Doctor. This concluded the + conversation between Col. Tom and the Doctor. Jennie's letter gave her a + more complete description of the battle of the Gaps than any he had + heretofore sent. He spoke of my appearance on the ground and the tragic + death of Harvey. The household assembled and listened with great + attention, except my wife, who went weeping to her room, as she could not + hear of her boy without breaking down, wondering why it was her fate to be + so saddened thus early in the contest. The Doctor opened his letter and + found that the Assistant Surgeon of Col. David's regiment had died from a + wound received at the battle of the Gaps, and the Governor of Ohio had + commissioned Dr. James Lyon Assistant Surgeon at the request of the + Colonel. He was directed to report to his regiment at once. This was very + gratifying to the Doctor, as he felt inclined to enter the service. + </p> + <p> + When his mother heard this she again grew very melancholy, and seemed to + think her whole family were, sooner or later, to enter the army and + encounter the perils and vicissitudes of war. The next morning the Doctor + bade us all good-by, and left for the army of the East. The visit of Col. + Anderson and Pefer helped to distract our attention from the affliction + which was upon us. Peter, however, was very quiet and seemed in a deep + study most of the time. His mother finally asked him if he had thought of + her dream, saying it troubled her at times. He smiled, and answered: + </p> + <p> + "'Mother, I think this war will interpret it. You know there is nothing in + dreams,' thus hoping to put her mind at rest by his seeming indifference; + but he afterwards told Col. Anderson his interpretation." + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams here asked Uncle Daniel if he knew Peter's interpretation. + </p> + <p> + "Yes; it was certainly correct, and so it will appear to you as we proceed + in this narrative, should you wish to hear me through." + </p> + <p> + "My dear sir, I have never been so interested in all my life, and hope you + will continue until you tell us all. I am preserving every sentence." + </p> + <p> + "The day passed off quietly, and next morning Col. Anderson and Peter left + for their command. Mary was brave; she gave encouragement to her husband + and all others who left for the Union army. She was very loyal, and seemed + to be full of a desire to see the Union forces succeed in every contest. + In fact, the letter of her brother to her husband seemed to arouse her + almost to desperation; she went about quietly, but showed determination in + every movement. She taught her little daughter patriotism and devotion to + the cause of our country, and religiously believed that her husband would + yet make his mark as a gallant and brave man. She gave encouragement to my + good wife Sarah, and to Jennie, Col. David's wife. She told me afterwards, + out of the hearing of the others, that she hoped every man on the Union + side would enter the army and help crush out secession forever." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0003" id="link2HCH0003"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER III. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF TWO RIVERS.—COL. TOM ANDERSON MEETS HIS BROTHER- + IN-LAW.—UNCLE DANIEL BECOMES AN ABOLITIONIST.—A WINTER + CAMPAIGN AGAINST A REBEL STRONGHOLD. + + "Cease to consult; the time for action calls, + War, horrid war approaches."—Homer +</pre> + <p> + For a season battles of minor importance were fought with varying success. + In the meantime Col. Anderson had been ordered with his command to join + the forces of Gen. Silent, at Two Rivers. + </p> + <p> + Here there was quiet for a time. + </p> + <p> + "At length, however, orders came for them to move to the front. For a day + or so all was motion and bustle. Finally the army moved out, and after two + days' hard marching our forces struck the enemy's skirmishers. Our lines + moved forward and the battle opened. Col. Anderson addressed his men in a + few eloquent words, urging them to stand, never acknowledge defeat or + think of surrender. The firing increased and the engagement became + general. Gen. Silent sat on his horse near by, his staff with him, + watching the action. Col. Anderson was pressing the enemy in his front + closely, and as they gave way he ordered a charge, which was magnificently + executed. + </p> + <p> + "As the enemy gave back, evidently becoming badly demoralized, he looked + and beheld before him Jos. Whitthorne. + </p> + <p> + "The recognition was mutual, and each seemed determined to outdo the + other. Anderson made one charge after another, until the enemy in his + front under command of his wife's brother retreated in great confusion. + Col. Anderson, in his eagerness to capture Whitthorne, advanced too far to + the front of the main line, and was in great danger of being surrounded. + He perceived the situation in time, and at once changed front, at the same + time ordering his men to fix bayonets. Drawing his sword and rising in his + stirrups, he said: + </p> + <p> + "'Now, my men, let us show them that a Northern man is equal to any other + man.' + </p> + <p> + "He then ordered them forward at a charge bayonets, riding in the centre + of his regiment. Steadily on they went, his men falling at every step, but + not a shot did they fire, though they were moving almost up to the enemy's + lines. The rebel commander shouted to his men: + </p> + <p> + "'What are these? Are they men or machines?' + </p> + <p> + "The rebel line wavered a moment, and then gave way. At that instant a + shot struck Col. Anderson's horse and killed it, but the Colonel never + halted. He disengaged himself, and pushing forward on foot, regained his + line, and left the enemy in utter rout and confusion. Whitthorne was not + seen again that day by Anderson. The battle was still raging on all the + other parts of the line. First one side gained an advantage, then the + other, and so continued until night closed in on the combatants. A truce + was agreed to, and hostilities ceased for the time being. + </p> + <p> + "The Colonel worked most of the night, collecting his wounded and burying + his dead. His loss was quite severe, in fact, the loss was very heavy + throughout both armies. Late in the night, while searching between the + lines for one of his officers, he met Whitthorne. They recognized each + other. Col. Anderson said to him: + </p> + <p> + "'Jo, I am glad to see you, but very sorry that we meet under such + circumstances.' + </p> + <p> + "Whitthorne answered: + </p> + <p> + "'I cannot say that I am glad to see you, and had it not been for making + my sister a widow, you would have been among the killed to-day.' + </p> + <p> + "The Colonel turned and walked away without making any reply, but said to + himself: + </p> + <p> + "'Can that man be my wife's brother? I will not, however, condemn him; his + blood is hot now; he may have a better heart than his speech would + indicate." + </p> + <p> + "Thus meditating, he returned to his bivouac. In the morning the burying + parties were all that was to be seen of the enemy. He had retreated during + the night, and very glad were our forces, as the battle was well and hard + fought on both sides. The forces were nearly equal as to numbers. + </p> + <p> + "Col. Anderson did not see the General commanding for several days; when + he did the latter said to him: + </p> + <p> + "Colonel, you handle your men well; were you educated at a military + school?' + </p> + <p> + "The Colonel answered: + </p> + <p> + "'No; I am a lawyer.' + </p> + <p> + "General Silent remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'I am very sorry for that,' and walked on. + </p> + <p> + "Tom wrote his wife a full report of this battle. He called it the battle + of Bell Mountain. It is, however, called Two Rivers. He said that Gen. + Silent was a curious little man, rather careless in his dress; no military + bearing whatever, quite unostentatious and as gentle as a woman; that he + did not give any orders during the battle, but merely sat and looked on, + the presumption being that while everything was going well it was well + enough to let it alone. In his report he spoke highly of Col. Anderson as + an officer and brave man. + </p> + <p> + "This letter of the Colonel's filled his wife's heart with all the + enthusiasm a woman could possess. She was proud of her husband. She read + and re-read the letter to my wife and Jennie, and called her little + daughter and told her about her father fighting so bravely. We were all + delighted. He spoke so well of Peter also. Said 'he was as cool as an + icebox during the whole engagement.' He never mentioned to his wife about + meeting her brother Jo on the field until long afterwards. + </p> + <p> + "The troops of this army were put in camp and shortly recruited to their + maximum limit. Volunteering by this time was very active. No longer did + our country have to wait to drum up recruits. The patriotic fires were + lighted up and burning brightly: drums and the shrill notes of the fife + were heard in almost every direction. Sympathizers with rebellion had + hushed in silence for the present—but for the present only." + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0004" id="linkimage-0004"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0045.jpg" width="100%" + alt="The Charge of Col. Anderson's Regiment 045 " /> + </div> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel," said Major Isaac Clymer, who had been silent up to this + time, "I was in that engagement, in command of a troop of cavalry, and saw + Col. Anderson make his bayonet charge. He showed the most cool and daring + courage that I have ever witnessed during the whole war, and I was through + it all. Gen. Pokehorne was in command of the rebels, and showed himself + frequently that day, urging his men forward. He was afterwards killed at + Kensington Mountain, in Georgia. We got the information very soon after he + fell, from our Signal Corps. They had learned to interpret the rebel + signals, and read the news from their flags." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, I have heard it said by many that our Signal Corps could do that, + and I suppose the same was true of the other side." + </p> + <p> + "O, yes," said Col. Bush, "that was understood to be so, and towards the + end of the war we had to frequently change our signal signs to prevent + information being imparted in that way to our enemy." + </p> + <p> + "There was a Colonel," said Major Clymer, "from Arkansas, in command of a + rebel brigade, in that battle, who acted with great brutality. He found + some of our Surgeons on the field dressing the wounds of soldiers and + drove them away from their work and held them as prisoners while the + battle lasted, at the same time saying, with an oath, that the lives of + Abolitionists were not worth saving." + </p> + <p> + "Yes. The Colonel mentioned that in his letter and spoke of it when I saw + him. He said it was only one of the acts of a man instinctively barbarous. + His name was Gumber—Col. Gumber. He has been a prominent politician + since the war, holding important positions. You know, these matters are + like Rip Van Winkle's drinks—they don't count, especially against + them." + </p> + <p> + "'But among Christian people they should,' said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "'That is true, but it does not. There are two distinct civilizations in + this country, and the sooner our people recognize this fact the sooner + they will understand what is coming in the future. But, returning to my + story, the winter was now coming on, and I had to make provision for the + families that were in my charge, so I called the women together and had a + council as to what we would do for the best; the first thing was to + arrange about sending the little girls to school. After discussing it, we + concluded to start them the next day to the common school. Our public + schools were said to be very good. So the next morning my wife, Mary and + Jennie all started with the children to school. They saw the teacher and + talked with her, telling her that their fathers were in the army, and she + entered them in school. They came and went, back and forth, and seemed + greatly pleased during the first week, but on Wednesday of the second + week, they came running home crying and all dirty, saying that some of the + school children had pelted them with clods and pebbles, calling them + Abolitionists. Little Jennie said to me: + </p> + <p> + "'Grandpa, what is an Abolitionist?' + </p> + <p> + "I replied: 'One who desires the colored people to be free, and not sold + away to strangers like cattle.' + </p> + <p> + "'Grandpa, do white people sell colored people like they sell cows?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, my child.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, grandpa, is that right?' + </p> + <p> + "'I think not, my child. Would it be right for me to sell you away from + your mother and send you where you would never see her again?' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh! no, grandpa; you would not be so wicked as that. I would cry myself + to death; and mamma—what would she do without me, she loves me so?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, said little Sarah, 'I love sister, too. I would cry, too, if you + sent her away where I could not see her. Why, grandpa, people don't do + that, do they? Your are only fooling sister.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, no, child; in the South, where the war is, there are a great many + colored people living. They are called slaves. They work for their masters + and only get what they eat and wear, and their masters very often sell + them and send the men away from their wives and children, and their babies + away from their mothers and fathers.' + </p> + <p> + "'Grandpa, do they ever sell white people?' asked Jennie. + </p> + <p> + "'No, my child.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, why don't they sell white people, too?' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh, my child, the law only allows colored people to be sold.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, grandpa, I don't think any good people ever sell the little + children away from their mothers, any way.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, my child, nor any grown people either.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, grandpa, you wouldn't sell anybody, would you?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, my child, I would not.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, then, grandpa, you are an Abolitionist.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, in that sense I am.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, grandpa, I am one, too, and I will just say so at school, and will + tell the boys and girls who threw clods at us and called us Abolitionists + that they sell people like cows, and that they are not good people.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0005" id="linkimage-0005"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0048.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Pupils Attacking the Little Abolitionist 048 " /> + </div> + <p> + "'Yes,'said little Mary Anderson, 'I know what colored people are. They've + plenty of them down where we came from. They call them "niggers". They are + mighty good to me, grandpa, and my papa doesn't sell 'em. He is a good + man. He don't do bad like those rebels, does he, ma?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, my child, your papa does not sell anybody. He is against it. He + never owned anyone. He does not think it right to own people.' + </p> + <p> + "'No; my papa don't, does he, ma? He is going to fight the people that + sell other people, ain't he, ma?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, my darling; but don't say any more. Let us go in and get our tea, + and you will feel better.' + </p> + <p> + "This interference of little Mary and her mother let me out of a scrape, + for I say to you, friends, that I was getting into deep water and would + have very soon lost my soundings if Jennie and little Sarah had kept after + me much longer. You see, the truth is that I had never been an + Abolitionist, but a Freesoil Democrat; but soon I became a full-fledged + Abolitionist after our flag was fired upon by the Secessionists. + </p> + <p> + "However, we all entered the house, and after tea, the children being put + to bed, we held another council and decided that inasmuch as there was + such great excitement in the country, and Allentown being such a hot-hole + of rebel sympathizers, it was not safe even to allow our children to + attend the schools. Jennie, however, being a good scholar and having prior + to her marriage taught school, we unanimously elected her our family + teacher, and setting apart a room, duly installed her on the next Monday + morning over our Abolition school, as we found on the evening of our + discussion with the children that they had converted the household by + their innocent questions. + </p> + <p> + "The next day I rode out to my son David's farm and saw Joseph Dent, the + man whom I had left in charge. I inquired of him if everything was all + right about the place, and he told me that he had moved his family into + David's house, as he feared some damage might be done to it, having seen + several persons prowling about at different times. He did not know who + they were, but was sure they meant mischief, as they were very abusive of + the Colonel, calling him a 'Lincoln dog,' after the manner of Dan Bowen in + his speech. + </p> + <p> + "Joseph said he was now prepared for them; that he had another man staying + with him, and if I would go with him he would show me what they had done. + I did as he asked me, he led the way into the house and upstairs, where he + showed me a couple of holes cut through the wall in each room, just + beneath the eaves, and standing in the corner was a regular arsenal of war + materials. I said to him that he seemed to be in for war. The tears + started in his eyes, and he said: + </p> + <p> + "'Uncle Daniel, I am an old soldier; was in Capt. David's company when he + was in the Regular Army. I came to him three years ago when my enlistment + was out. I will defend everything on these premises with my life. I would + be in the army now with the Colonel (I am used to calling him Captain) if + he had not asked me to stay here and take care of his farm. These "secesh" + will not get away with me and my partner very easily, and should you hear + of this fort being stormed, you bring some men with you to pick up the + legs and pieces of the fellows who shall undertake it. Do not be afraid; + we will take care of all here.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, Joseph, I see that. I will tell Jennie, and also write the Colonel + how splendidly you are doing.' + </p> + <p> + "'Thanks,' said Joseph, giving me the regular soldier's salute. 'Is there + anything wanted at your house, sir? Tell the Colonel's wife that I will + bring down anything that she may be wanting at any time. I will certainly + bring a load of wood in to-morrow.' + </p> + <p> + "We were in the habit of getting many things from the farm—butter, + eggs, chickens, potatoes, etc. All our wood came from there. Joseph was + very useful in many ways. I returned home satisfied that all was going + well at the farm. + </p> + <p> + "The weather was now getting cold and disagreeable; too much so, it was + thought, for any very serious army movements on our Western lines. The + rebels had collected a very heavy force at Dolinsburg, situated on a high + ridge, with hills sloping down to Combination River, one of the + tributaries of the Ohio. Here they had built an immense fortress, with + wings running out from either side for a great distance; on the outer + walls were placed large guns, sweeping and commanding the river to the + north. The rebels were well prepared with all kinds of war materials, as + well as in the numbers of their effective force, to defend their works + against great odds. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent, who, it seems, always did everything differently from what + the enemy expected him to do, conceived the idea that he would try to + dislodge them. When the enemy heard that he was preparing to move against + them, they but laughed at such an attempt. + </p> + <p> + "The General, however, made ready, gave his orders, and his army was soon + in motion. The direction in which our army was to march was very soon + known, as it was impossible to keep any of our movements a secret, on + account of the great desire of newspapers to please everybody and keep + every one posted on both sides, the rebels as well as friends; which + prompted them to publish every movement made. This was called + 'enterprise,' and it has been considered patriotic devotion by many, + especially the gold gamblers and money kings. This was not permitted by + our enemies; the publication of any secret expedition or movement of their + forces, by any one inside of their lines, would cost him his life; and so + in any army save our Union army. Why was this? It does seem to me that + this ought not to have been so. I have often thought of it, and concluded + it must have been fear. 'The pen is mightier than the sword' has been + truthfully said. + </p> + <p> + "Our Congress was afraid of the press, and were not willing to make laws + stringent enough for the army on this subject. The President was nervous + in this respect, and commanding Generals were afraid of criticisms; so it + was the only class that had the privilege of doing and saying what it + wished to, and, my friends, that is one of our troubles even now. Our + statesmen are afraid to speak out and give their opinions, without first + looking around to see if any one has a pencil and notebook in his hand. + This is getting to be almost unbearable, to find some person in nearly + every small assemblage of people, on the street, in the hotel, in the + store, even in your own private house, reporting what you have for dinner, + what this one said about some other one, what this one did or said, or + expects to do or say in the future. But I am wandering from my story." + </p> + <p> + "Well, Uncle Daniel, your discussions on all subjects are interesting," + replied the Doctor. + </p> + <p> + "I have been thinking of what you said about the press during the war," + said Col. Bush; "and taking what you said upon the subject of our great + ambition here in the North to get money, and let all else take care of + itself, I can see that the same sordid spirit pervaded the press during + our war; fortunes were made by many newspapers in that way; everybody + bought papers then; we sold the news to our own people for money and + furnished it to the rebels gratis. Get money, get money; that is our worst + feature, and most dangerous one it is, for the country's welfare." + </p> + <p> + "I agree with you, Colonel," spoke up Maj. Clymer, "but I would rather + hear Uncle Daniel talk. On any other occasion I would be delighted to hear + you." + </p> + <p> + "I beg pardon, Uncle Daniel," replied the Colonel. "I will hereafter be a + patient and delighted auditor." + </p> + <p> + "Well, when the army was under way there was great excitement and alarm + throughout the North among the Union people. Our armies in the East had + not been successful, and the sympathizers with the rebellion all over the + country were again beginning to be rather saucy. They would enjoy getting + together and reading of our defeats and discuss, to our disadvantage, the + failures of our attempts to subdue the rebellion, and in this way made it + very uncomfortable for any person who loved his country and desired its + success. They would in every way try to discourage our people by saying + 'this movement now commencing will only be a repetition of what we have + already had so often lately in the East.' + </p> + <p> + "But our army moved on, and during the march to the vicinity of + Combination River they were met by the enemy frequently, who were trying + to impede their march, and several severe skirmishes and minor engagements + occurred. They were now within some twenty miles of Dolinsburg Fortress, + when a sharp and very decisive engagement took place between one battalion + of cavalry, two batteries of artillery, and three regiments of infantry on + our side, where Col. Anderson was the ranking officer, and therefore in + command, and five regiments of infantry, two batteries and one troop of + cavalry on the side of the rebels. They were posted behind a small stream, + known as Snake Creek, having steep banks. The action commenced, as usual, + with the skirmishers. After reconnoitering the position well, the Colonel + determined to send his cavalry and one regiment around some distance, so + as to cross the stream and strike the enemy's left flank. He could not + expect re-enforcements, if they might be needed, very soon, as he marched + on the extreme southern road, so as to form the junction with the other + troops on their extreme right, touching Combination River to the south of + the enemy's works, so as to be the extreme right flank of our army. The + enemy, finding his force was superior in numbers, attempted to cross the + stream with his infantry. The two batteries were opened and poured + shrapnel into the advancing column, dealing havoc and slaughter on all + sides. They tried to keep their line, but they soon staggered, halted, and + fell back. The Colonel then opened a destructive musketry fire all along + the line. Just at this moment he heard the attack of his regiment of + infantry and troop of cavalry on their flank. He quickly advanced across + the stream, and the enemy was in utter rout. + </p> + <p> + "He captured all his guns—six 12-pound Napoleons and four howitzers—and + a large number of prisoners. He followed closely on the rear of the enemy, + gathering in stragglers and squads of men until night closed in and + compelled him to desist and go into camp. When safety from surprise was + assured, he sent for one of the prisoners to get some information about + the road and the fortifications, commands, etc. After ascertaining many + things that he considered important, he found, upon further inquiry, that + his enemy upon that afternoon was commanded by Col. Jos. Whitthorne, his + wife's brother. He turned and said to Peter, who was standing near: + </p> + <p> + "'This man seems to be my evil genius. I hope I will not meet him again. + It seems hard that I am to continually meet my own kindred in combat. Is + it possible that these people are willing to spill the blood of their own + friends and kindred, merely because they have failed to retain power + longer, and for that reason will destroy the Government?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes," said Peter; 'they will never be content except when they can + control other people as well as the Government. But see here, Colonel, do + you see this?' showing him a great rent in the breast of his coat and + vest; 'a pretty close call, wasn't it?' + </p> + <p> + "'By George! it was that!' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, never mind; but was not this about as nice a little fight as you + would wish to have for an appetiser?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, you are quite right; and that reminds me that I have not had a bite + to eat since four o'clock this morning. By the way, have you any cold + coffee in your canteen?' + </p> + <p> + "'O, yes, I have learned to keep that on hand. Here, help yourself.' + </p> + <p> + "The Colonel took a good drink, and turned to Peter and said: + </p> + <p> + "'What is the matter with that coffee? + </p> + <p> + "'Nothing; it is only laced a little.' + </p> + <p> + "'Laced? What is that?' + </p> + <p> + "'Why, I put a little brandy in it, that's all.' + </p> + <p> + "'That's all, is it? Well! that is something I have learned. Let me taste + it again.' + </p> + <p> + "Which he did, as Peter afterwards said, until there was none left. I tell + you these poor fellows were excusable for occasionally warming up after a + hard march or a battle. I have learned to look very leniently on the + shortcomings in that direction of the poor old unfortunate fellows who are + going through this hard world without a penny, after having served their + country faithfully. I see them nearly every day, forgotten, neglected, no + home, no friends to care for them; and to see them when they pass by the + American flag always salute it. I hope their fate will be a better one in + the next world. + </p> + <p> + "I well remember that during the war every one who cared for his country + would say, 'God bless the Union soldier and his family.' We all prayed for + them then; the good women in church, at home, in the hospital, at the side + of the sick, wounded or dying soldier, prayed fervently for their safety + here and hereafter. We loved him then, and say we do yet; but we find the + same men who reviled him then, complaining about the pension list, and + some saying: 'The Confederates fought for what they believed to be right. + We are all American citizens. Why not put all on the same footing? Let us + be brothers.' I tell you, my friends, the people of this country are hard + to understand. I heard the President of the Southern Confederacy applauded + this year. I was saddened by this, and was glad that my time here could + not be regarded as of great duration. Can such things be? Am I dreaming? + Where am I? Is it possible that I am in Indiana and not in South Carolina? + Am I under the Union flag, and not the Confederate?" + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel here bowed his head, and in a whisper to himself, said: + </p> + <p> + "Is it so? Is it so?" + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0004" id="link2HCH0004"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER IV. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF DOLINSBURG.—HEROIC CONDUCT OF COL. TOM ANDERSON + —REPORTED DEAD.—HIS WIFE REFUSES TO BELIEVE THE REPORT. + + "There was speech in their dumbness, language in their very + gesture, they looked as they had heard of a world ransomed, + or one destroyed, a notable passion of wonder appeared in + them; but the wisest beholder, that knew no more but seeing + could not say, if the importance were joy or sorrow; but in + the extremity of the one it must needs be."—Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + The next morning the march was resumed. At an early hour the whole army + was in motion on different roads with the general understanding that the + command would close in line around the west side of the fortress that + afternoon. The weather being very disagreeable for marching, there was + delay on the roads, but, finally, late in the evening the army commenced + closing in and forming its line. The centre was commanded by General + Smote; the left, resting north, on the river, commanded by General + Waterberry, and the right, resting on an almost impassable slough, + connecting with the river, commanded by General McGovern. In moving into + position the place was found to be well protected by a heavy abatis and + chevaux-de-frise, from point to point, above and below the fortress. This + seemed impassable, and the enemy, seeing our army closing in around them, + kept up a terrible fire on our advancing columns, causing us very severe + loss in getting into position. It was at a late hour in the night (when + our lines were only partially formed) that our army rested, as best as + they could, in the snow and sleet; but not a murmur was heard. The next + morning our lines were advanced to the front and the impediments removed + as much as possible; though a severe and deadly fire was poured upon our + men most of the day. Late in the afternoon an assault was ordered in the + centre, and a bloody affair it was; again and again our brave fellows + moved on the works, but were as often driven back with severe loss. About + 'o'clock Gen. Silent came riding along with an orderly by his side, his + staff having been sent in different directions with orders. He came up to + where Col. Anderson was sitting on his horse, watching the engagement in + the centre. Gen. Silent, after passing the compliments of the day, said to + the Colonel: + </p> + <p> + "'Your engagement at Snake Creek (that being the name of the creek where + the Colonel met the enemy the day before) was a rather brilliant affair as + I learn it.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,'said the Colonel; 'it was my first attempt at commanding in a + battle, but we had the best of it.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the General; 'and now I want to see if you can do as well + here. I wish you to assault the enemy's works in this low ground on the + right, in order to draw some of his forces away from the centre; our + forces are having a hard time of it there.' + </p> + <p> + "Col. Anderson gave the order at once to prepare for action—knapsacks + and blankets were thrown off, and the assaulting column formed. The + General rode away after saying: + </p> + <p> + "'It is not imperative that you enter their works; but make the assault as + effectual as you can without too great a sacrifice of men.' + </p> + <p> + "The Colonel looked at the ground over which they must pass and viewed the + works with his glass, but said not one word save to give the command + 'Forward!' On, on they went, and as they moved under a torrent of leaden + hail, men fell dead and wounded at every step; but they went right up to + the mouths of the cannon. There they stood and poured volley after volley + into the enemy, until at last he began to give way, when re-enforcements + came from the centre, as was desired. The Colonel's force could stand no + longer. Sullenly they fell back to a strip of woods when night closed in, + and the battle ceased for the day. + </p> + <p> + "Our lines were much nearer the enemy than in the morning. + </p> + <p> + "The centre held their ground at last, and all was still, Part of the + night was employed in hunting the dead and wounded. Many were wounded and + frozen to death, being left on the ground during the night. The suffering + in front of Dolinsburg was something almost indescribable—it snowed, + sleeted, hailed and froze during the whole of the night. The troops did + not sleep, nor did they attempt it; they had to form into squads and walk + around trees all night. No fires could be lighted—they were so close + to the enemy's entrenchments. Just at daylight the sharp sound of their + skirmishers was heard. They had concluded to move out on our right and + attack us on our flank, and open the way for the escape of their army. On + they came. Our line was soon formed and our musketry opened. During the + night one of our batteries had been brought up and given position on a + slight elevation to the right of Col. Anderson's centre. The enemy opened + furiously on our line, and in a few minutes our battery was knocked to + pieces and was charged by infantry. Here there was a bloody conflict; men + fell by the score; the snow was reddened by the blood of both patriots and + traitors. The smoke seemed to hover around the trees and underbrush, as if + to conceal the contending forces from each other. The flame of musketry + and the red glare of the cannons lighted up the scene with a lurid tint. + Limbs fell from the trees, and the ground was mown as smoothly of weeds + and underbrush as if by a scythe. Our right was under orders to hold their + position at all hazards. The battle, dreadful and bloody, continued. By + degrees the troops on the right of Col. Anderson gave way and abandoned + the field. At noon but one regiment besides Col. Anderson's withstood the + enemy on the right of our line. They were terribly cut up, and having no + food, were nearly exhausted. Their ammunition was growing scarce, none + having been brought up to this point for their supply. In this condition + they stood like a wall, under the most galling fire of artillery and + musketry, their comrades falling like grass before the sickle. At length + the enemy's cavalry appeared in the rear; not in line, but as if observing + the battle with a view of taking advantage at the proper time of any + mishap that might occur in our lines. Col. Anderson seeing this, and + feeling that his command was now in great peril, conceived the idea of a + bayonet charge on the line to his front, and so ordered it. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0006" id="linkimage-0006"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0059.jpg" width="100%" alt="Col. Anderson Wounded 059 " /> + </div> + <p> + "His line moved forward, in a double-quick, and with a shout drove the + enemy, who was stampeded by the impetuous assault. The Colonel, being on + foot, led his men right up to the works, the enemy having been driven + inside. As he leaped forward to them, with sword in hand, calling to his + men, 'Come on, my boys,' he fell, as they then thought, mortally wounded. + The enemy seeing this made a fresh assault, and drove our force back. Col. + Anderson was left on the field supposed to be dead. The battle raged all + along the line. Our right was driven and forced under the brow of a hill. + While under this partial shelter a portion of the enemy made their escape + through this unoccupied part of the field. At this time our left made a + successful assault upon the works of the enemy, capturing their outer line + and forcing them into their more contracted lines but more strongly + fortified. The centre had made several ineffectual assaults and had lost + in killed and wounded very heavily. Re-enforcements came to the right, and + a renewal of the assault all along the line was ordered. To the work of + blood and death the men again came forward with a heroic will, and for + about an hour the battle was like the long roll on a thousand drums. The + air was filled with shells; the heavens were lighted up as if meteors were + flying in all directions; the rumbling of artillery was heard as batteries + changed position, and the loud commands of excited officers. On and on + moved the serried masses. As the lines opened by the dropping of the dead + and wounded, 'close up, boys,' could be heard. It was now about dusk. One + grand charge all along the line, one grand shout, 'up with the flag, + boys!'—all was over, the fortress was ours, and the Stars and + Stripes floated over Dolinsburg. That night, however, was a night of gloom + and sorrow in our army. Gen. McGovern was killed in the last assault. Gen. + Smote was badly wounded and died a few days later. Gen. Waterberry, a + brave and gallant officer, fell a few weeks later at the battle of + Pittskuk." + </p> + <p> + "I remember when Waterberry fell, poor fellow," said Col. Bush. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, many a poor fellow lost his life in those two battles. We captured a + great number of prisoners. Gen. Bertram surrendered. Many of his leading + officers were killed and wounded, and some made their escape through the + opening in our line on the right, where Col. Anderson fell wounded." + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams asked: "Uncle Daniel, did you ever hear of him? Was his body + found?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Doctor, and the story of that and his recovery is a very singular + one. Peter searched diligently for him, but failed to find him; this + distressed him so much that he decided to ask for a leave and return home, + so as to stay a short time with the family and do what he could to help us + bear the sorrow of the Colonel's supposed death. After our grief-stricken + family could have the patience to listen to his recitals, he gave us the + story just as I have told it. Mrs. Anderson, although stricken down with + grief, insisted that her husband was not killed, or he would have been + found among the slain; that a man of such marked features would have been + noticed by some one who did the interring. The Captain insisted that there + could be no doubt but that he was killed. Time passed on, but little Mary + would continually ask, 'If her papa was dead?' 'Was he shot?' Who had + killed him?' and a thousand other questions which constantly kept her + mother thinking of the Colonel's fate, and soon she determined to go in + search of him. Peter was leaving for his regiment, now under command of + Colonel Rice. Col. Anderson having been reported as killed, Rice had been + promoted Colonel, and the regiment had moved with the army in a + southwesterly direction some considerable distance from Dolinsburg. Still + there had been troops left there, so that it was perfectly safe to visit + the battle-field, there being no rebel force in that part of the country + at that time. I agreed to go with her, and made all the arrangements + necessary for the family; the farm of Col. David having been looked after, + and our family-school reorganized under Jennie, which had become + demoralized by the news of Col. Anderson's death. In the meantime we had + heard from Col. David and James, who were well, and also had letters from + Stephen and Henry; both had joined the army: Stephen in an infantry + regiment from Ohio, where he lived, and Henry in a cavalry regiment from + Michigan, where he had been employed for a time in surveying for a + company; so at this time I had one son left not yet in the army, he being + my third son, Jackson, who was then engaged in railroading in Minnesota. + We had not heard from him for some time, and his mother was sorely + troubled, expecting soon to hear of the last of the Lyons being in the + army. This, she thought, was a little more than ought to be required of + any one family." + </p> + <p> + "So say I, Uncle Daniel," spoke up several of the listeners. + </p> + <p> + "True, true; but our country's demands should be satisfied by her + citizens, no matter what they may be. Well, when all was arranged, Mary + Anderson and I started. We went as far as we could by cars and boat, and + then obtained horses and traveled on horseback to Dolinsburg. Coming to + the pickets we were halted, and, on telling our errand and where we were + from, we were taken to the headquarters of Col. Harden, who was in command + of the post. We were well received and most hospitably treated by himself + and officers. They all sympathized with Mrs. Anderson; knew of the + Colonel's gallant conduct in battle, but all thought there was no use of a + search for him; that he was certainly killed in charging the works near + the fort. They showed us where he made the assault. After resting for the + night we started on our search, Capt. Day accompanying us as guide and + protector. We first went to the place where the Colonel fell, but there + was nothing but long trenches, where the dead had been buried. We passed + over the battle-field, which was mowed down smoothly by bullets. Limbs of + trees had fallen in confusion, furrows were plowed in the ground by shell, + horses' skeletons, broken muskets, pieces of wagons, parts of caissons, + spokes, ammunition boxes, pieces of blankets, coats, pantaloons, parts of + tents—everything in pieces, the evidences of a great contest were + marked at every step. Late in the afternoon, worn out with walking and the + excitement, we returned, very much disheartened. We dined on soldier's + fare, which seemed to us delicious. After discussing the battle and the + probabilities of the result of the war until a late hour, we retired to + the camp cots for a night's rest. Next morning we got ready for a start. + Mary Anderson inquired of Col. Harden which way the rebels who got through + our lines had retreated. He answered her that they retreated on a road + along the river up stream some twenty-five miles, and then crossed on a + boat that had come down the river on its way to Dolinsburg, which was + stopped by the retreating rebels. Mary said: + </p> + <p> + "'Uncle Daniel, I am going to that place if I can be allowed to do so.' + </p> + <p> + "I replied: 'This would be a very tiresome and fruitless trip, my child; + but if you will be any better satisfied by doing so, I will make it with + you.' + </p> + <p> + "Col. Harden said he would send a small escort for protection, though + there was no danger of any force of the enemy, but there probably would be + some wicked people there who might do us some harm. He had our horses + brought out, and sent Capt. Day and ten mounted men with us. The road was + somewhat rough, but very passable for saddle-horses. When we had gone + about ten miles we met a colored boy, some fourteen years old, who said he + was going to Dolinsburg. Mrs. Anderson rode on with Capt. Day. The escort + was in front of them. I asked the boy why he was going to Dolinsburg. He + said he lived about ten miles further up the river, and that an old + colored woman, called 'Aunt Martha,' had sent him down to see if any + soldiers were at Dolinsburg; and if so, to tell them that there was a + Union officer at her house, sick. + </p> + <p> + "'Do you know his name?' I asked. + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir; but Aunt Martha calls him Massa Tom.' + </p> + <p> + "I trembled all over. My blood was hot and cold by turns. + </p> + <p> + "'When and how did he come there?" asked. + </p> + <p> + "He said that the rebels had left him. My brain was now dizzy, and I told + him to turn back and take me to the place. We rode past the rest of the + company while they were resting for a short time. I told them I would ride + on to the place where the river was crossed, and wait there for them. Mary + was hearing all she could from Capt. Day about the battle, and so she + raised no objections. I inquired of the boy as to the appearance of the + sick officer. He described him as very pale, black hair, eyes and beard. I + could understand his being pale, and felt sure it was Col. Anderson. I + asked the boy if he ever spoke to him. He said he had not, but Aunt Martha + talked to him about his wife and little girl and Uncle Daniel. I now was + positive it was Tom. I reeled in my saddle and nearly fell from my horse. + What should I do? I could not tell Mary, for if it proved not to be him + she would not be able to bear it. So I rode on. After a long time we came + to the house. It was some hundred paces from the road, a square log cabin + or hut, occupied by an old colored woman ('Aunt Martha ') and her + husband('Ham'), both over sixty years, I should judge. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0007" id="linkimage-0007"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0064.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Uncle Daniel Meets Aunt Martha 064 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The old aunty was in the yard, a smooth, hard, flat piece of ground, + fenced off by a low fence, about four rails high, which a man could easily + step over. I saluted her with: + </p> + <p> + "'How do you do, aunty, do you live here?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sa, I lives heah—me and Ham, my ole man. What is you, massa? + Is you Union or is you "Sesh?"' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh! I am a Union man,' I replied. + </p> + <p> + "'Den I is glad to see you. I'll jes' call Ham. He runned away when he + seed you. He's feared; yes, he's dat. He isn't gwine wid de "Sesh" any + mo'.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, aunty, have you a Union officer in your cabin, sick?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, now, massa, I'se jes' got to know who you is afore I 'fess on dat + case.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, aunty, I am Daniel Lyon, sometimes called "Uncle Daniel."' + </p> + <p> + "'Afore God, is dat you, Massa Lyon? Jes' get off yo' hoss an' wait rite + heah; I be back in a bit.' + </p> + <p> + "She hobbled in, evidently to speak to the Colonel. I waited quietly until + she returned. Just then the others came in sight, and I sent the boy to + halt them. Aunty came out so excited that she could hardly speak. + </p> + <p> + "'Sho' as you is born'd, dat Massa Tom knows you; but, sah, he's powerful + weak, an' you must exclose who yo' is to him in a most delicacious manner, + or you'll incite him. He's 'fraid, sah, dat you is a exposter.' + </p> + <p> + "'O, no, aunty, I am his uncle and benefactor.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yo'is what?' + </p> + <p> + "'His uncle,' + </p> + <p> + "'No, but de oder t'ing what you is?' + </p> + <p> + "'His benefactor.' + </p> + <p> + "'Glory to God! Is you? May de Laud shine his light in dis pore house, an' + brush away de fears ob dis misfortunate famly.' + </p> + <p> + "Then she called Ham. + </p> + <p> + "'Oh, yo' Ham, come heah.' + </p> + <p> + "I entered the cabin and beheld Col. Anderson, as pale as death, lying on + a poor, broken-down bed. I knelt by his side upon the floor and wept + aloud. The Colonel could only whisper. Extending his hand, while the great + tears were rolling down his face, he asked: + </p> + <p> + "'Is my wife with you? How is my child?' + </p> + <p> + "He was greatly excited and very weak. I arose from his bedside and told + him who were coming, and begged him to be calm. Aunty brought some cloths + and laid on his breast, saying to him: + </p> + <p> + "'Now, Massa Tom, you mus' be still. Don' be like I tole you. You mussent + get 'cited now—nuffln of the kine. Jes' see de folks like yo' allers + done. Dey's come a mighty long ways to fine yo'. Wish dey stay away 'til I + cure yo'; but spose it's all rite. De good Laud he done knowed de bes'. + Maybe de "Sesh" come take him some day afore long, so de Laud he knows + what he wants. Bress de good Laud.' + </p> + <p> + "'I went out to meet the others. Mary at once asked me what the matter + was. I spoke as gently as I could, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mary, Tom is still alive.' + </p> + <p> + "She instantly leaped from her horse and made for the cabin, and in an + instant was at the bedside of her husband, covering his face with kisses + and tears. Tom was too weak to more than whisper 'my dear wife,' and weep + in silence. Old Ham had come in, and stood in one corner of the room + looking on the scene with his hands locked together over his head. He was + heard to say over and over in a low tone: "'De Lord bress dese chilien.' + "Aunt Martha took hold of Mary, saying: "'Deah Misses, yo' jes' stop dat + cryin'. You ought to be 'joiced dat Massa Tom be libbin. You ought ter + seed him when de "Sesh" fotched him heah. I tell you dat was de time what + fotched me down, I done got rite on my old knees an' axed de good Laud to + spar dis good Massa Tom. I knowed him the berry minute I laid my eyes on + him. Many's de time I make his bed and cook his dinnah. I tell you all + about dat. Why, dem "Sesh," when dey fetch Massa Tom heah in de old wagon, + dey des frowed him out like he been a hog, and tole Ham an' me dat we mus' + dig a hole and put him in; dat we be killed if we don't. I done went and + looked at him, an' tole Ham dat he wasn't dead; dat he was wa'm an' + bredin. So Ham an' me jes' carried him into dis house, an' got blankets + and kivers, and wash him wid wa'm water, and took keer on him; setted up + all de time, one or bofe on us, and kep' him good an' wa'm, an yo' see + he's done gittin' well. De good Laud heah our prayers, an' he whisper to + pore ole Marfa dat he gwine to fetch him out for some good he gwine to do + for us pore people. Bress de Laud; he is good to us. I tell yo', de man + what said to dig a hole fo' him is a bad man; his name is Whitthorne. I + 'member de name kase I knowed de Whitthornes in Jackson, Miss., when I + libbed there. Yes, dat so.' + </p> + <p> + "At this Mary broke down again. She felt sure that this was some of her + people. Aunty continued: + </p> + <p> + "'Ole Massa Gawge (George), that we b'longed to, move upheah six year ago, + on dis place, from Jackson. He libbed up dar on the hill in dat white + house dat yo' see up dar, dat am locked up an' no one is in it. Dey got + lot ob t'ings in dar. When de Union whip de Sesh at Dolins-burg, and de + Sesh come dis way, gwine home or some-whar, den Massa Gawge an' all de + famly dey go, too, an' take all de niggers 'cepin' me an' Ham. Dey say + we's too ole, an' dey done lef us to take keer ob de place; dey leabe de + smoke-house so we kin git in an' git sumpin to eat. Well, dey is plenty in + dar, an' we lib all right, and, bress de Laud, dat save Massa Tom's life. + De good Laud fix it dat way, sho' as yo' born. He take tkeer ob de good + folks.' + </p> + <p> + "Old Ham, who had been silent, broke out: + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, dat's so, massa, dat's so. De Laud do do dis. He done told me up at + de smoke-house to take all dat we wanted, an' dat when Massa Tom done get + well, dat we mus go wid him 'way from heah an' lib with Massa Tom; dat de + Sesh kill us when dey find out we done cure him up. Yes, sah, de Laud say + dat to me, sho.' + </p> + <p> + "I said to him: 'Ham, are you sure the Lord said that; did you not dream + it, or was it not Aunt Martha that said it?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, massa, no; de Laud told me, sho! I know 'twas he. De words come + right down frough de smokehouse when I was gittin' meal to make de gruel + for Massa Tom. O, no, massa; Martha was down heah. I told Martha when I + come back.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Ham, what did Martha say?' + </p> + <p> + "'She say dat we must 'bey de Lord; dat he was mo' our massa den Massa + George; don't we b'longs to de Laud mo' dan to Massa George. Den I say + dat's well, Martha; you know, and if you b'lieve in dat we go. An' we is + gwine wid Massa, sho.' + </p> + <p> + "'If you should go, Ham, they would accuse us of stealing you, and have us + arrested for it.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, I doesn't know 'bout dat. I knows we can steal our ownself away, + an' go to de place whar Massa Tom lib; I knows dat. We's gwine; dat's done + fix; we's gwine.' + </p> + <p> + "The Colonel had been listening, and smiled to find that these two good + old people loved him so, and he nodded his head to Ham, which caused him + to laugh immoderately. + </p> + <p> + "'It's done fix,' said Ham, and he left the cabin. + </p> + <p> + "I said: 'Aunty, have you any children?' + </p> + <p> + "'Laud bless yo' good soul, we has six chilien some whar; don't know whar. + Massa George he sole our chilien 'way from us soon as dey was six year + old. I never see any ob dem since den; neber heard anything 'bout dem. He + sole 'em 'way down on de Gulf some whar; neber would tell us. Dey done + forgot us, or whar we lib, long go; dey so young when dey taken 'way, O, + dey do dat way, so de ole folks not fine 'em. I tell you, Massa Lyon, 'tis + purty hard on ole folks, to lose de chilien dat way. If dey die an' de + Laud take dem 'way, dat's all rite; de Laud know he own business; but when + dey sole 'way, dat hard. You see, dese people dey got chilien, but dey + tink we no keer for our'n. Dat is whar dey don't know. We does keer jes as + much as de white folks, but we can't help ourself, dats all. I tell you + dat's bad. O, I cry myself nearly to deff 'bout my chilien; but all do no + good; dey done gone; I neber see dem any mo'. If I was to, dey would not + know me, an' me not know dem; so no good now to cry any mo'; dey be all + dead, maybe—hope dey am—den dey work for de Laud and Master + all de time, and not be worked all de time fo' de people for nuffin' an' + doin' no good. Yes, I hope dey is all done dead. Wish I knowed dey was, + den I'd be feelin' good. You see, me an' Ham talked dis all ober. We neber + see our chilien no mo' no matter whar we is; so we am gwine where we will + be counted wid de people an' not wid de cattle. Yes, sah; dat's what we's + got in our heads; dar's no use tryin' to put it out; it in dar, an' dar it + stay. We's gwine, sho'.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, well, aunty, all right; I will see that you go. I will take the + consequences. I will not see as good an old couple as you are held like + cattle if I can help it.' + </p> + <p> + "The old woman shouted 'glory,' and hobbled out of the cabin, I presume, + to tell Ham what I had said. + </p> + <p> + "By this time the Colonel had recovered somewhat from his excitement, and + quietly and in a low voice told us how he came to be there. He said that + when he was wounded on the works of Dolinsburg and left for dead, that + some one came along and stanched the flow of blood by binding some cloth + around the wound saturated with something—his wound was through the + right breast, touching slightly the right lung—that in the + afternoon, when a portion of the rebel army passed over the ground that he + occupied, Col. Whitthorne, his wife's brother, discovered him and had him + placed in one of his ambulances, bringing him away; had no knowledge as to + what his intention was—whether to take him to some place of safety—some + hospital, or let him die and bury him where his remains could afterwards + be found by his family; that up to within a few days he had no idea where + he was; that these old colored people had kept his whereabouts a profound + secret, except among a few of their race whom they could trust; that when + he found a force was stationed at Dolinsburg, he got them to send there + and give the information, so that he might make some arrangement about + getting away, for fear of recapture by the enemy, and they had sent the + boy that we met. He was anxious to get away, and thought that he could + bear being moved in some easy conveyance to Dolinsburg in two or three + days' travel. We consulted together, and Capt. Day sent a messenger back + with a letter to Col. Harden, asking him to send an ambulance and a + surgeon the next day, we remaining with the Colonel until their coming. + There was plenty of fodder at the plantation barns, and the men took care + of the horses. Aunty prepared a sufficient quantity of wholesome food for + ourselves. We passed the night without much sleep, the Captain and I using + our chairs for beds, as there was not sufficient accommodation for us all; + Mrs. Anderson slept on the bed by her husband, and the men found + comfortable quarters in the stables. We enjoyed ourselves, however, + hearing Aunt Martha and Ham tell us how they had taken care of the + Colonel; how they had bathed and dressed his wound once each day with warm + water and poultices of white-oak ooze and slippery-elm bark; how they + stopped the bleeding with soot from the wooden chimney; how they dosed him + occasionally, when his wound seemed painful, with good whiskey that Ham + got up at the house on the hill (he had managed to force an entrance + somehow); and how every day they asked the Lord to heal his wound and make + him well, so he would take them away from their long suffering and unhappy + life. The story of the old woman was most interesting as well as very + amusing. The next morning we had bread, coffee and chicken, which was + relished by all, I assure you. The Colonel was fed on gruel and a piece of + chicken. Aunty, who had him entirely under her control, would not allow + him to eat anything else. After breakfast was over I asked Aunty how she + came to know Col. Anderson, and she in her way told me the story of her + having been hired out once by her master to Col. Anderson's family before + the Colonel was married, and she said: + </p> + <p> + "'Laud bressyou, chile, I know Massa Tom soon I put my eyes onto him. Yes, + sah. I neber let on, doe. He didn't know nuffin when they frowed him out + heah like a pig. No, sah. He was mos' dead, sho'. Dat's one time he mos' + done gone to glory, sho'. But he all right now; he come out. An' when he + do, oh, great Laud, don't I jes' want him to go for dem "Sesh." Yes, I + tell you, I do. Dar is no mistake on dat pint.' + </p> + <p> + "The day passed. The Colonel improved and conversed considerably with his + wife. We left them together all we could to enjoy their reunion. He was + very desirous of getting away and having the assistance of a surgeon, who, + however, could do no more for him than was being done. In the afternoon + late, however, there came an ambulance and the Post Surgeon. This seemed + to give new life and spirit to all. The Surgeon entered the cabin, and, + after pleasantly conversing about the Colonel with us, proceeded to make + an examination of his wound. Aunty was determined to be present. She + raised the Colonel up, and showed the Surgeon where the wound was, its + condition, etc. He said it was healing rapidly, and would be well soon, + but that he would be some considerable time gaining sufficient strength to + do any service. He said that aunty ought to have a diploma; that she had + treated him as skillfully as anyone could have done, and much better than + some might have done, Aunty at once replied: + </p> + <p> + "'I tell you where you gib de "'plomas." You jes' gib dem to de Laud. He + is de one what do dis work. I tell you, He keep Massa Tom for some good. I + don't know what, but he is got some good work afore he, sho' I tells you, + de Laud never show dis pore old nigger what to do, des like she be a + doctor, less He wanted Massa Tom to do something. He know what He wants. + He know all t'ings, de Bible say so, an' dats the book you can't 'spute.' + </p> + <p> + "We all agreed with aunty, and she was happy. The next morning the + ambulance was arranged in the best possible manner and the Colonel + tenderly carried out and laid in, his wife and Aunt Martha having a place + arranged so they could stay in the ambulance with him. We all started, old + Ham tying their belongings up in a couple of blankets and lashing them on + a horse loaned him by one of the escort. We were two days in making + Bolinsburg, but did it without any very great inconvenience or suffering + to the Colonel. When we arrived Col. Harden welcomed us most heartily, and + made all necessary arrangements for the comfort of Col. Anderson, as well + as the rest of us. I noticed that Col. Harden said nothing about the two + colored people, and did not seem to notice them, so I called his attention + to them. He looked at me rather quizzically and remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'Why, I did not observe any colored people. You did not bring any through + the lines, did you?' + </p> + <p> + "I took the hint, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'O, Colonel, what did I say? I was a little absent-minded being up with + Col. Anderson; and loss of sleep has bothered me." + </p> + <p> + "So, you see, I got out of the scrape. Orders then existed against + bringing colored people through the ines, as I learned afterwards. He + (Col. Harden) always said that he was color-blind, and could not + distinguish between the color of people. I remained several days, and Col. + Anderson continued to improve. I, however, felt that I ought to go home + and look after the family. So old Ham and I got ready, and bade good-by to + all, after returning thanks for the kindness shown us. We took the two + horses that Mary and I rode to Dolinsburg and made our way through in + several days to Allentown. I preferred to go all the way on horseback, to + save, perhaps, some trouble about Ham. He claimed to be freeborn and from + Ohio, where I formerly lived. This went as sound, and no trouble ensued. + Ham lived at our house and did chores for us and made himself generally + useful. I related the whole story to the family and made all happy, + especially little Mary Col. Anderson's child, who had the impression fixed + on her mind that her papa had been killed, like her Uncle Harvey. We + received letters from David and James, in the Eastern army; also, from + Stephen, who had marched with the regiment to which he belonged to the + Army of the Center, then in the western part of Kentucky, and on the way + to Pittskill Landing, where the Union forces were now concentrating. Henry + wrote that his regiment of cavalry had been ordered to the East to report + to Gen. Kilpatterson. Having heard from all our family, except Jackson, we + were again happy. We all longed for the day to come when Col. Anderson and + his wife would return home, and were anxious also to see the good old + colored woman who had been a mother to him during his illness. The + children especially asked me every day about Aunt Martha; how she looked? + if she was as black as Uncle Ham? and why Mr. George sold her children? + and in any other questions that could not well be answered." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, I knew Col. Harden, of whom you spoke," said Maj. Clymer. + "He was a good soldier, went all through the war, and died in 1868. He was + rather an old man for the service, and was never well after the war + closed." + </p> + <p> + "Yes; I heard of his death; I kept track of him up to that time; he was a + good man." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel," said Dr. Adams, "the implicit faith of those two old + colored people was an example that might well be followed by the masters + now." + </p> + <p> + "Yes; the colored people are the most faithful on the face of the earth, + and deserve better treatment than they are getting in the South." + </p> + <p> + "Why is it that they are deprived of their political rights in the + Southern States?" + </p> + <p> + "My dear sir, that is easily answered. As I have heretofore repeated in + the discussion of other points, the controlling element in the South is + now, as it ever has been, an aristocracy of and for power. They do not + intend that in any way or by any means, lawful or otherwise, the control + of their States shall pass out of their hands; by this means they will + control the General Government. It would be the same were these colored + people white; if they were poor and not of the ruling class, they would be + deprived of their rights in the same way. They believe that they were born + to control, and control they will, unless we shall find men hereafter in + charge of this Government with nerve enough to see that the rights of the + people are protected and enforced." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush, "another war will come some day, and it will + commence at the ballot-box. People will suffer just so long and no longer. + The idea that I gave my right arm away for a Government that allows its + citizens to be bulldozed and murdered merely for desiring to participate + in the affairs of the Republic. No, sir! I fight no more until I know what + I am fighting for and also that we will sustain the principles for which + we contended." + </p> + <p> + "This is a curious people. They are nearly ready for any kind of + government to-day, when only a few years ago they expended billions of + money and rivers of human blood for liberty, and now care nothing for it. + They made the gift of franchise to millions at a great sacrifice, and now + quietly smile at its surrender. O, yes; but how can you expect anything + else. Are we not apologizing every day for what we did? Do we not avoid + speaking of the war in the North? Are not some of our great leaders to-day + men who aided and sympathized with treason, while we teach kindness to our + erring brethren and forgive all? Do we not find our flag despised nearly + everywhere in the South? Do they not march under their State flags instead + of the Stars and Stripes? Are not all their monuments to rebel leaders and + Generals? Are not their school books full of Secession sentiments? Do they + not teach the children that we conquered them with hired Hessians? While + this is so in the South, and any allusion to the war in the North is + regarded as stirring up bad blood, is it not submissive, cowardly and + unworthy of any brave people, and will it not result finally in their + dominating over us? These are the reflections that annoy me in my old and + lonely days." + </p> + <p> + Here he stopped, was silent for a moment, then said in a low tone: + </p> + <p> + "Why should I have lived to tremble now for the future of my country." + </p> + <p> + The tears stood like crystals in his eyes, and he ceased to speak for the + present. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0005" id="link2HCH0005"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER V. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + ANOTHER GREAT BATTLE—TWO DAYS OF AWFUL FIGHTING AT + PITTSKILL LANDING—HARD-WON VICTORY-UNCLE DANIEL'S SONS BEAR + THEMSELVES GALLANTLY. + + "But whether on the scaffold high, Or in the battle's van, + The fittest place where man can die Is where he dies for man." + —Barry. +</pre> + <p> + "During the suspense great preparations were being made for the various + campaigns by the several ar-armies of the Union, which caused much + excitement throughout the country. The many prisoners captured at the fall + of Dolinsburg had been sent to different camps in the North. The secession + sympathizers were vieing with each other as to who should visit them the + oftenest and show them the greatest consideration. The whisperings of + releasing them and organizing for 'a fire in the rear,' as the saying + went, were loud and plentiful I traveled to Indianapolis and Chicago to + see if I could learn anything of a definite character on these points, and + at both places heard mutterings and threats that were calculated to + produce alarm and also to make any loyal man feel like beginning a war at + home. Everything that was being done by the authorities was denounced as + arbitrary and despotic—their acts as unconstitutional. In fact, no + satisfactory act had been performed by the Administration that was + calculated to assist in putting down the rebellion (according to their way + of thinking). When I returned home I found a letter from Peter, who had + been promoted to a Majority in his regiment. The Lieutenant-Colonel + (Rice), as I before stated, had been made Colonel, Major Pierce + Lieutenant-Colonel, and Capt. Lyon (Peter) Major. They had not as yet + learned of the discovery of Col. Anderson. I wrote to Peter, giving him in + full the details in reference to the Colonel, but told him not to reveal + the facts to a soul until it should be reported officially. In his letter, + however, he informed me of the massing of the rebel troops at Corin + Junction, and the like process going on at the High Banks, on the Little + Combination River, now called Pittskill Landing, and that he looked for + hot work as soon as the Army of the Center, under Buda, could make a + junction with Gen. Silent. When I read Peter's letter all the family were + anxious about his fate, should there be another battle fought. Old Ham was + present and seemed to be much interested in what I was saying. He had been + entertaining the three children with his simple stories about the 'Sesh,' + as he and Aunt Martha called the rebels. He spoke up, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Massa Daniel, I tells you da's no danger, sah. I had a dream 'bout dat. + Massa Peter am all right, sah; I tells you he is. I neber dreams 'bout + anything but what comes out good.' + </p> + <p> + "My wife asked Ham if he could interpret dreams. 'No, missis; I not know + 'bout dreams 'cept my own. I knows dat Massa Peter all right.' + </p> + <p> + "There was no way getting the cunning old darkey to tell his dream. My + wife said to him: + </p> + <p> + "'I am troubled about a dream that I had at the commencement of the war. + It distresses me still.' + </p> + <p> + "She then related her dream, and he broke out into a laugh, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, but you see, massa got all he hands, all he fingers; dey all dar—none + done gone. Dat dream all good, kase, you see, he fingers all right. O, + dat's nuffin. De bug he be Sesh; skare you, dat's all; bite de chilien + little spec, dat's all.' + </p> + <p> + "We all laughed at the curious speech of old Ham, and yet he sat down and + commenced counting his fingers, and said: "'How many chilien yo' got, + misses?' + </p> + <p> + "'Seven.' + </p> + <p> + "'Ham became silent, and nothing more could be got from him on the subject + of the dream. He never spoke of the matter again to any of us, except to + Peter. I found after all was over that he and Peter had the same + interpretation—strange, yet so true." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, what was the interpretation, may I inquire the second + time?" said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "It was very strange; but the interpretation is disclosed by the + casualties of war, and as we proceed you will recognize it. But to my + story: The rebel and Union forces were now confronting each other, and + each was constantly on the lookout for the movements of the other. About + midway between the camps of the two armies they were almost constantly + having skirmishes, sometimes with cavalry, and sometimes with infantry. + The successes were about equal. Peter related the story of an old colored + man, I presume something after the style of old Ham, meeting him while he + was making a reconnaissance with his regiment. The old darkey was tall and + very black, and was walking in great haste when Peter called to him: + </p> + <p> + "'Uncle, where are you going?' + </p> + <p> + "'Ise gwine to de ribber, sah. Ise ti'd ob de wa', Ise been cookin', sah, + for de 'Sesh.' He say he gwine to whip dem Yankees on de ribber,—dat + dey am gwine to come right on and drive dem in de ribber and drown dem + like cats; dat's what he say, sho'. I heah him wid dese old ears, I did.' + </p> + <p> + "'When did he say he was coming?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, massa, he say he comin' right off, sah; he say he kill 'em an' + drown 'em all afore de res' ob de Yankees come for help dem; dat's what he + say.' + </p> + <p> + "'Who was it said this?' + </p> + <p> + "'Why, sah, it wah de big Gen'l—de one what boss all de res'; he + name wah Massa Sydenton Jackson. He say he kill all ob you stone dead—he + not leab one ob em.' + </p> + <p> + "'If he is going to kill all of us, you don't want to go to our camp and + get killed, do you?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, sah; I doesn't spec' to git killed; I 'bout 'cluded dat I wait till + de shootin' git goin' pretty libely, den I jes' skip de ribber and neber + stop 'til I be done gone whar dey done got no wa'.' + </p> + <p> + "'How many soldiers have they in Gen. Jackson's army?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, I dunno, but I 'spec' dar am somewhar near a million ob dem, sah. + Dey's got de woods full ob hoss sogers, an' all de fiel's full ob 'em what + walks. Den dey got big guns wid hosses. Oh, Laudy, massa, I dunno, but + dey's heaps ob dem.' + </p> + <p> + "'What were they doing when you came away?" + </p> + <p> + "'Dey was campin' 'bout ten miles, I 'spose. I walk mighty fas', and I is + monstrous tired. When dey start dis mornin' I get outside and go in de + woods and keep whar I see dem all de way. When dey stop I keep on. Dey be + here in de mornin', sho'. I knows dey will, massa.' + </p> + <p> + "This being about all Peter could ascertain, he thought perhaps it would + be as safe back towards the main army, so he returned, bringing old 'Dick' + with him, that being his name. When Peter reported with Dick at + headquarters the General cross-questioned the old man in a manner that + would have done credit to a prosecuting attorney, and said to Peter: + </p> + <p> + "'Major, I guess the enemy intend to try our strength very soon.' + </p> + <p> + "He then said to Dick: + </p> + <p> + "'You can go around behind my quarters. You will find some colored people + there, with whom you will remain until after we have this fight. You can + then go where you please.' + </p> + <p> + "'Bress de Laud, Massa Genl, you gwine to make me stay heah and get + shotted?" + </p> + <p> + "'Well, I don't know whether you will get shot or not but you will stay as + I direct.' + </p> + <p> + "'Afore God, Massa Gen'l, you see dese heah 'backer sticks, (meaning his + legs), 'dey go, dey go if dey shoot; I can't hole 'em. I tried dem one + time, an' I tell you dey won't stay. You can't hole 'em, no, sah; dey git + ebery time—when you 'spec dem be stayin' dey's gwine.' + </p> + <p> + "The General laughed at his peculiar expressions and sent him away. The + position of the Union forces was an exceedingly good one for defensive + operations. The country all around was covered with heavy timber and very + thick underbrush, save a small opening or field on the right center and to + the rear of our right flank. The ground was very uneven, full of streams, + gulches, hills and hollows. The line of the Union troops stretched from + Hawk Run to Bull Gulch and Buck Lick Junction, the right resting on Hawk + Run and the left at or near the Junction, the center in heavy timber quite + a distance farther south than either flank. The right of the line was + commanded by Gen. Sherwood, the left by Gen. Prince; two divisions were in + reserve, commanded by Gen. Waterberry. The Army of the Center, under Gen. + Buda, was within communicating distance, but advancing very slowly, + causing some fear that they would not get to the field prior to the attack + being made by the enemy, who was in great force ready to be hurled against + our comparatively small army at any moment. + </p> + <p> + "The suspense must have been terrible for the time, but at last it was + over, for on the morning of the third day after Dick made his revelation + about the enemy's movements, our forces having become a little careless on + their front, the enemy were upon them without much warning. Just as Gen. + Sherwood was about to take his breakfast skirmishing commenced not more + than a mile from his camp, and nearer and nearer it seemed to approach our + lines. The 'long roll' was sounded and 'to arms' was the cry all along the + lines. The roads passing through the camp were leading in almost every + direction, affording the enemy ample opportunity for unfolding their line + all along our front by a very rapid movement, of which they took + advantage, and in rapid succession threw their divisions in line of battle + and moved with quick motion to the assault which was made simultaneously + along our front. From Peter's description it must have come like a + thunderbolt. They struck Sherwood's command on the center and right flank + and drove him from his first position back on the reserves and a part of + his command entirely from the field. So thoroughly were they demoralized + that they could not find time to return to their places during that day. + Sherwood tried to rally them, but could not; so he joined his remnant to + the first command he found, and continued resistance to the impetuous + assaults of the Confederates. + </p> + <p> + "The battle was now raging all along the line; our troops were in good + condition, and the ones that had won the victory at Dolinsburg were in no + wise discouraged. They came into action like veterans and stood the first + shock of the battle without the least movement to the rear or panic. Our + lines were again adjusted on the right, and one continuous rattle of + musketry from one end of the line to the other could be heard. There was + no chance for the operating of cavalry on either side. Artillery was run + up to the front by both armies. How the different arms rattled and + thundered. Batteries to the front, right and left rolled amid confusion + and death. Closer still the armies came until their eyes were seen and aim + taken as if in target practice. To the rear and front, as the armies + gained or lost a little of their ground, lay the dead and the wounded. The + shrieks and groans of the wounded and dying were unheeded; the crushing of + bones might also be heard as the artillery rushed from one part of the + lines to another. In this way the contest continued for the greater part + of the forenoon. At last our center was penetrated and our right was + forced back again with the center for the distance of perhaps a half mile. + Our left, having a better position, under Gen. Prince, held their ground, + and, turning their fire partially on the advancing column that was forcing + our right, checked them somewhat in their rapid advance. At this critical + moment our reserves came up in good style and entered the conflict. The + enemy were now steadily driven back to their original position. + </p> + <p> + "Over the field the Union and rebel soldiers lay side by side, dead and + wounded alike. They were seen helping one another, their anger and fury + soon subsiding when they found themselves helpless by the side of each + other, and, perhaps, often asking 'Why are we thus butchering one + another?' + </p> + <p> + "This bloody battle raged with a deadly fury unparalleled on the continent + up to that time. Louder and louder roared the artillery and more steadily + and sharply rattled the musketry. The smoke was rising in great clouds + from the field of carnage. Gen. Silent was very impatient on account of + the non-arrival of Gen. Buda, as well as Gen. Wilkins, whose division was + some six miles away to the rear, and was expected to come rapidly forward + and strike west of Hawk Run, on the left flank of the enemy; but no Buda + and no Wilkins came. The battle was then raging with great slaughter on + both sides. The entire Union force was now engaged, and the rebel + commander was bringing his reserves forward and re-enforcing his lines. He + could be seen re-organizing his forces and putting his reserves in line. + Gen. Jackson and his staff were seen riding along giving directions. He + had on his staff one Gen. Harrington, who seemed to be very active in + moving about. Soon another assault was made on our lines. The fresh troops + seemed to inspire them with new zeal, and on they came, steadily and + firmly, with a constant and heavy fire pouring into our lines. The assault + was resisted for some time. It seems that during this assault, their + Commander-in-Chief, Gen. Sydenton Jackson, was shot through the breast, + falling from his horse dead. At the fall of Jackson, Gen. Harrington + seemed to become crazed and rushed madly on, directing that every Yankee + be killed. 'Bayonet them!' 'Kill them like cats!' 'Let none escape,' he + cried. So on they came like a line of mad animals, sending forth such + unearthly yells as to induce the belief that all the fiends of the + infernal regions had been turned loose at once and led on by old Beelzebub + himself. On, on they came. Our line reeled and staggered under the + assault. A fresh column came up under Gen. Bolenbroke, and advanced + rapidly against our right flank, and bore down so heavily that our line on + the right and centre again gave way. In falling back, Gen. Waterberry, a + gallant officer who had brought up our reserves on our first repulse, was + killed while trying to rally his men. + </p> + <p> + "His death seemed to create a panic, and Gen. Sherwood was unable to hold + the men to their line. He would form and reform them, leading them + himself; but when he would look for the command he was trying to bring to + the front, he would find them going to the rear, making very good time. + </p> + <p> + "Peter's command was in this part of the line. He could hear this man + Harrington, as the rebels came rushing on, crying out: 'No quarter!' 'Kill + every Yankee!' 'Let none escape!' 'Rid the country of the last one!' 'Take + no prisoners!' The panic continued on our right, and at least one-half of + this part of Sherwood's command broke, and was utterly disorganized, + hiding behind trees, in hollows and ravines, to cover themselves from the + enemy. In great numbers they sought roads leading to the rear, and + followed them without knowing to what point they might lead. In this + demoralized condition of one portion of our army, despair seemed to set + in. Gen. Silent sat on his horse looking sadly at this condition of + things. He spoke not a word. Riding up to Sherwood, who was greatly + excited, he said: + </p> + <p> + "'General, can you not send word to Prince to fall back slowly? I see the + enemy will soon be on his flank.' + </p> + <p> + "As the General rode away he said: 'I cannot understand the delay of Buda + and Wilkins.' + </p> + <p> + "He sent orderlies immediately to hurry them up, giving imperative orders + to them 'to move to the field of battle as rapidly as possible.' In the + meantime Gen. Hudson had gone to the support of Prince; our forces on the + right having steadily fallen back. It was too late, however, to save him. + The enemy had surrounded him before Hudson could form on his right, and he + was compelled to surrender with a portion of his command, the rest having + fallen back and thereby saved themselves. Hudson joined on the remainder + of Prince's command and made resistance to the further advance of the + enemy. Our line, being again intact, fell back behind a ravine that + crossed the battlefield from northwest to southeast—from Moccasin + Run to the river. The enemy by this time were in possession of the camps + of the Union forces, and partially giving themselves up to plunder, the + battle gradually slackened until darkness closed in on the contending + armies The enemy occupied our camps during the night, intending the next + morning to capture what was left of our army. During the first part of the + night they kept up a fearful noise, evincing their joy over what they + thought a great victory. Gen. Silent, however, was engaged in arranging + his forces for an attack at daylight, being satisfied that he could + surprise the enemy and defeat him, as he would not expect our forces to + fight, and, therefore, take the noise of preparation for a retreat. The + column under Gen. Wilkins came up early that night and was posted on the + right of our army, with its right on Hawks Run. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Buda also arrived during the night and was given position on the + left, his left resting on the river. The center, held by Sherwood, was + re-enforced by Hudson and that portion of Prince's command not captured. + The artillery was put in battery in the center and on the right center, + and orders given for the men to replenish their boxes with ammunition, to + sleep on their arms, and at 4 o'clock in the morning to make a + simultaneous attack all along the line with infantry and artillery, moving + the artillery rapidly to the front. This being understood, all were quiet. + The enemy were so confident of having our army at their mercy that they + lighted fires and made night hideous with their howls. During the night + the leaves and grass were set on fire by some unknown means and burned + over the battlefield, causing great consternation, as many of the wounded + were yet lying where they fell. Their shrieks and appeals for help would + have made the tears come to the eyes of the most heartless. An allwise + Providence, however, heard their prayers and appeals for help, and the + windows of heaven were thrown open and the flood poured forth and subdued + the flames, saving many a poor fellow from dreadful torture and death. The + storm continued nearly all night swelling the little streams that ran + through the battlefield, causing the roads to become almost impassable. + The stragglers were collected and returned to their commands. + </p> + <p> + "At 4 o'clock the crack of musketry was heard, and soon after the + artillery from our lines opened and we were upon the rebels. They were + taken by surprise and thrown into confusion. The hurrying of officers from + one part of the field to another was distinctly heard by our men and + greatly encouraged our forces. On they moved, driving the enemy pell-mell + from our former camp. It was impossible, under our galling fire, for the + enemy to form in any compact line. They fell back as our troops advanced. + We struck them in front, on the flank, and, as they sometimes turned in + their retreat, in the rear. The slaughter for a time was terrible and + sickening. They were at last driven into the woods where they had formed + the day before. Here a lull came in the contest, and they took advantage + of it to form their line again, believing that our advantage could only be + temporary, having no knowledge of the number of our re-enforcements. When + they were in a condition to do so they advanced and took the aggressive. + On they came. Our line stood as immovable as a rock, received the shock of + their first assault, and then poured the missiles of death into their + ranks as if they were being rained down from the heavens. For a time the + lines both advanced slowly and dealt death into each other. The commands + from each army could be distinctly heard by the other. Harrington on the + rebel side was heard to say: + </p> + <p> + "'Charge the Lincoln hell-hounds! Give the cowardly dogs the bayonet!' + </p> + <p> + "This gave our troops that heard it a contempt for the man, and a + determination to receive the charge in a soldierly manner. They stood + silent until the enemy was within close musket range, and at the order—the + batteries having come up—everything opened and poured volley after + volley into the advancing columns, which swayed and halted; no power could + press them forward. Our forces seeing this, advanced steadily, firing as + they moved. At last the rebel line gave way and fled to the woods on their + left, taking shelter among the trees. The ground between the lines was now + literally covered with the killed and wounded. On our extreme left the + battle was still raging, and seemed to be going to our rear. Gen. Silent + rode away to this part of the field. Finding that our forces had fallen + back nearly to the junction of Bull Gulch and Buck Lick Run, he ordered + Hudson to move rapidly and strike the enemy in flank where the line had + been broken by the falling back of their left and center. This order was + executed with much alacrity and was a great success. Hudson struck the + detached portion of the enemy's army in flank and rear, and doubled them + up (over the very ground from which our forces had fallen back the day + before), capturing many prisoners and several pieces of artillery. Here he + met a young officer whom he had noticed moving rapidly to the front and + assaulting the enemy with his command at any and every point where he + could hit him. + </p> + <p> + "Hudson rode up to him and inquired his name. + </p> + <p> + "'My name, sir, is Stephen Lyon. I belong to an Ohio regiment. I joined + the Army of the Center only a short time since, and this is my first + battle. I have lost many men; my Colonel and Lieutenant-Colonel were both + killed, and I am the Major and now in command of the regiment.' + </p> + <p> + "This was my fifth son in line of birth, and sixth in the service. I am + digressing, however. Their conversation was here cut short, as Gen. Buda + had ordered an advance along his line, which was the left wing of the + army. The advance was duly made. The rebels, however, in the meantime had + been re-enforced on this part of their line. The contest, therefore, + became a very stubborn one on both sides. The advance of Buda was soon + checked, and the fighting became desperate. Both armies to our right + seemed to have partially ceased their advance, seemingly to understand how + the event was being decided on this part of the line. The enemy was driven + slowly to the rear for some distance. A halt then came and a rally on the + part of the rebels. They organized into column of regiments and made a + desperate attempt to break the center of our left. Buda massed his + artillery against them, keeping it well supported, and mowed them down + with shell and canister until they lay in piles on the ground. They + advanced to the assault three times with a heroism and desperation seldom + witnessed in any ancient or modern battle, but each time back were their + shattered columns sent in utter confusion. Thus the battle continued until + late in the afternoon, when both parties reorganized for a last and + desperate struggle. The lines of the enemy showed all along the skirts of + timber, leaving the open space to our right and center, and extending to + Buck Lick Run. Both seemed eager to make the attack, but our forces were + first in motion, and with a quick-step movement they advanced against the + enemy. The firing opened all along the line. First one and then the other + line staggered and swayed to and fro. The forces on both sides seemed + determined to win or die on their ground. At last Wilkins crossed Hawks + Run and struck the enemy in his flank, causing consternation to seize him, + and he gradually gave way, his left flank doubling back on the main line + nearer the center. At this moment Gen. Silent ordered an advance with + infantry and artillery simultaneously. This was executed in good order, + the firing again became general. The roar of artillery now was almost + deafening. The yell of the enemy was heard in every direction as though + assaulting, but they could no longer stand against our determined forces. + Steadily on the advance continued; the enemy stood, delivering his fire + with deadly results, until our army approached to the point where one or + the other must give way. The rebels, seeing that our force was coming with + a steady step and determination unmoved by their fire, broke in different + parts of their line, and finally the moment arrived when they could no + longer stand our deadly aim, and their whole line gave way. They retreated + through the woods and on different roads in great disorder; our forces + followed up their lines of retreat and kept a constant fire upon them + until night intervened, which protected them from any further disaster. + This closed one of the bloody battles of the war. That night our army + again slept upon their arms. Some supplies were brought to them during the + night, which stayed their hunger. The next morning the enemy was nowhere + to be seen or heard; he had made his retreat in the night, leaving many + wagons, ambulances and guns. The roads being made almost impassable by the + rain of the night before, their dead and wounded were left in our hands, + save those whom they had removed to the rear the night of the first day's + contest, when they held the ground. The battlefield presented a ghastly + and sickening sight,—the dead, the dying, the wounded; the hospital + in the rear, near the river; the parties burying the dead, finding Union + men and rebels piled up in heaps together; the long trenches being + prepared; the soldiers being wrapped in their blankets and buried without + any knowledge of who they were, or to what command they belonged; the + words of the dying to be taken back to their friends; the messages to fond + wives and blessed children; the moans and shrieks of the wounded as they + were carried on stretchers from where they had lain and suffered, some of + them, for two days and nights. + </p> + <p> + "These things, when first recited to me by my son Peter, filled me with + deep sorrow and pain. O, my friends, the suffering of our poor men for + their country was great-it was heartrending to hear of it. When the sick, + wounded and dead had been cared for, of course the army could not move + again very soon,—it must have rest and reorganization. So the camp + for the present was established a little in advance of the battle-ground. + Many were furloughed for a short time and returned home. My son Peter came + home on a leave, having been wounded late in the evening of the second + day. His wound being in his foot, he was unfitted for duty for some time. + His Lieutenant-Colonel having been killed that day, he was promoted to the + vacancy. + </p> + <p> + "While Peter was kept in the house (where he was confined by his wound), + he constantly entertained us by his recitals of all of these incidents and + movements that I have given to you in my poor way. It is a matter of great + interest to me to follow the history of men on both sides, and see what + their good or bad fortune may have been since. Now, on our side in this + great battle, Gen. Waterberry, one of our leading generals, was killed on + the first day. Gen. Hudson went through the war creditably and died away + from home in some of the South American states. Gen. Buda soon left the + army under a cloud, and I do not know what became of him. I think, + however, that he is dead. Wilkins went through the war with some credit to + himself, but was killed in Mexico afterwards in some of their periodical + revolutions." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, do you know the history of the rebel generals since the + war, who commanded in this battle of which you have been speaking?" asked + Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Oh, yes! You know Sydenton Jackson was killed on the first day. + Bolenbroke was in the rebel army up to its surrender, but died soon after + from dissipation, as I have been informed." + </p> + <p> + "I am curious to know what became of Dick, the darky," he said. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel smiled and said: "Dick, poor fellow, has not been seen since + his 'backer sticks' ran off with him, just as he said they would." + </p> + <p> + "What became of Harrington, who wanted every d—— Yankee killed + like cats—bayoneted—without any quarter being shown, etc.?" + </p> + <p> + "He went to Mexico after the war closed; could not live under 'Yankee' + rule. He there tried to assist in establishing an empire. Was regarded by + some of the Imperialists as suited to become a Duke. When the Empire fell, + and no further hope of a dukedom arose before his flattered vanity, he + came back, and is now one of the leading governmental reformers and placed + in official position by his party (how strange to say 'reformers'. They + were once known by a different name). But things are changing with the + seasons now. + </p> + <p> + "You see, this great battle of Pittskill Landing, following so soon after + the battle of Dolinsburg, had marked influence on the country. The people + began to see that the question of courage did not depend so much upon + where a man was born as it did on the amount of it he had when he was + born, and the principle for which he was contending, as well as drill and + discipline in his duty. The people in the North were beginning to learn + that every hill in the South was not mined and ready to be exploded, + blowing up everything that approached. After becoming cool they would ask + themselves as to where the powder could have been procured, etc." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Dr. Adams, "I remember well when it was reported, and believed + by many, that all the hills in Virginia, near Washington, were mined, and + that masked batteries were behind every bush." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, I know many would speak of those things to prove that the rebellion + could not be conquered, or any headway made against it. Just as though a + masked battery was any more dangerous than a battery uncovered; and + without reflecting as to the quantity of guns that would have been + required, and the number of men supporting the batteries at every place + where they were by the vivid imagination of many whose stories were + invented for the purpose of frightening the ignorant." + </p> + <p> + "The truth is that it was and is to me one of the great wonders how we + ever succeeded in putting down the rebellion, with nearly the entire South + in arms, while there were but few that were not in arms who did not + sympathize fully with those who were; and in the North a strong political + party, as an organization, prayed and worked for the success of secession + and rebellion. The only ones of the party who did not sympathize with the + rebellion were a few old men who knew the benefits of a government, those + who entered the Union army, those who had friends in the service, and + those who were taught to revere the Union in early youth. The remainder of + that party who desired our success were but few and far between. They are + now the ones, however, who saved the Government, preserved the + Constitution, the flag, and our honor, and are going to reform all abuses + and make everybody prosperous and happy. The Colonel here, who lost an arm + for his country, is laid aside as 'worthless crockery'; and as for myself, + who gave seven sons to the service of my country, I am of no use whatever. + Of course, I am very old, but I supposed that it would be considered an + honor to me to have made so great a sacrifice. So I went out to one of the + Reformers' meetings last Fall, and instead of being invited on the stand + and referred to as an old man who had given up his whole family for his + country's cause, I was permitted to sit on the ground and hear an old + Secessionist and rebel sympathizer extolled to the skies, with great + applause following, and one of our best and most gallant soldiers + ridiculed and abused as if he had been a pirate during the war. So it is + and so it goes. I am poor. So are all who spent their time in aiding our + country. The mistake we made was not to have staid at home and made + fortunes, and let these men, who "feathered their nests" during the war, + have gone and served in the army and showed their love of country. We + would now have been the patriots and the ones to be intrusted with public + affairs. + </p> + <p> + "But why should I care? I think I should not. But it is impossible for me + to lay aside my feelings on the subject of my country's welfare. I will go + down to my grave with the feeling that those who so loved their country + that they risked their lives for it are the safer ones to trust with its + control. I cannot see how those who did not wish the success of our + country and those who exerted every nerve to destroy it can be the best + persons in whose hands to place our vast interests. + </p> + <p> + "I may be wrong about this, however, and, therefore, will return to my + story, believing that the Lord doeth all things well. + </p> + <p> + "Peter and our family at home were sitting in the parlor. Jennie was + wrapping Peter's foot in cloths and bandages, when the conversation turned + on Col. David and Col. Anderson. Jennie had a letter from David but a day + or so before, which gave us the news of the good health of himself and + James, the doctor. It also informed her that Henry had been assigned to + duty in the same command with himself, which made it very pleasant for + them. My wife, Aunt Sarah, had received a letter from Mary Anderson a day + or so before which brought the gratifying intelligence that the Colonel + was improving rapidly and would be able soon to return to Allentown and + once more enjoy for a time the quiet of our home. He was informed that he + must not return to take the field again for some months. While I was at + home, trying to arrange the difficulty about the colonelcy of his + regiment, inasmuch as his discovery and return to Dolinsburg had not been + officially announced, I wrote to the President the situation, telling him + the whole story and calling his attention to the reports of the battles in + which the Colonel had participated, and asking that he give him + recognition by promotion to a Brigadier-Generalship. With this request the + President had kindly complied, and I had his commission in my possession, + which fact I kept a profound secret. Just then Peter said to me: + </p> + <p> + "'What can be done to arrange matters in Col. Tom's regiment? There is + Col. Rice, who, when Tom takes command or when the facts are ascertained, + will be reduced in his command as Lieutenant-Colonel, and I will go back + as Major. This I do not care for, but Col. Rice is a proud man, and will + dislike this, I fear. + </p> + <p> + "'Then he will show himself an unworthy officer. He should be glad that + his Colonel is alive and yield up the command gracefully.' + </p> + <p> + "'There is no other way for him to do,' said Peter; 'that is true.' + </p> + <p> + "Old Ham was sitting off to one side with little Mary Anderson on his lap. + The child had been listening to what was said about her father. She spoke + to Uncle Ham, as she, with the rest of the family, had learned to call + him, and asked: + </p> + <p> + "'When is papa coming home? Is he well? Is mamma well? How will they get + home?' and many other questions. + </p> + <p> + "Ham said, 'I doesn't know. Hopes he git heah all right.' + </p> + <p> + "The old fellow seemed rather serious, and finally he asked Aunt Sarah 'If + dat letta diin't say nuffln 'bout my ole woman Marfa.' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh, yes,' said my wife. 'Uncle Ham, you must pardon me; I was so engaged + talking to Peter and Uncle Daniel about our sons that I really neglected + to tell you. I will get the letter and read you what Mary says about your + wife.' + </p> + <p> + "She took the letter from her pocket and read to Uncle Ham that Martha was + well and so kind to Col. Tom, calling him her boy and saying 'the good + Laud' had saved him for some good purpose, and sent her love to her 'dear + ole Ham.' + </p> + <p> + "Ham broke into a laugh and said: 'Datfs it; dat's good. I knowed she say + jes' like dat. I tell you, Aunt Marfa, she be all right. She know + something I tell you she do.' + </p> + <p> + "He then entered into a disquisition on Aunt Martha to little Mary, until + she seemed to feel as much interested in Aunt Martha as did Uncle Ham. + </p> + <p> + "While we were enjoying the rest of the evening in conversation we heard a + noise coming from the children's bedroom. Jennie at once left us and + proceeded to the room and found little Sarah Lyon—David's youngest + child, then four years old—very sick with a violent attack of croup. + We at once sent for a physician. He came, examined her and pronounced her + very ill. He very soon gave her relief, that proved to be only temporary. + We watched her during the night. In the morning she had a violent fever, + and seemed to be very flighty. Everything was done for the blessed child, + but all in vain. That afternoon she passed away. This was another stroke + to our whole family. Jennie, her mother, was nearly frantic. This was the + first misfortune of any sort that had happened in David's family. We were + all cast down in grief, as we loved little Sarah. She had been named for + my wife, who had made the child a special pet. Little Mary and Jennie were + almost heartbroken by her death. They cried continually, and could not be + pacified for several days. I telegraphed her father, but it seems my + dispatch, for some unknown reason, was not delivered for three days. When + it was he was almost crazed by the unwelcome news. It was too late, + however, for him to come home. This seemed to sadden him. He was never + himself any more during his life. Little Sarah lies in the cemetery at + Allentown." + </p> + <p> + Here the old man broke down and wept bitterly for a time. When he + recovered he said: + </p> + <p> + "My friends, it seems to me strange that I should weep now. My sorrows are + passed. I am only waiting here below for the reward that true devotion + must bring in the other world. There is no recompense for it here. At + least, I have only found that which comes from the affections of a loving + family. Oh! why should my family all-all have been taken from me as they + were? Who has had such a hard fate as mine? Yes! yes! when I come to + reflect, many have. Yes! when all are gone—one or many—that is + all; we can lose no more. My country, O! my country, it was for thee they + died." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0006" id="link2HCH0006"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER VI. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + "K. G. C."—ORGANIZATION OF THE ENEMIES OF THE UNION IN THE + NORTH—PLOTTING EVERYWHERE—OBJECTS OF THE TRAITOROUS + LEAGUE. + + "The bay trees in our country are all withered, + And meteors fright the fixed stars of heaven— + The pale faced moon looks bloody on the earth, + And lean-looked prophets whisper fearful change, + Rich men look sad, and ruffians dance and leap." + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + "The loss of little Sarah had spread such a gloom over our household that + I felt a desire to be out at David's farm, away from the house, as much as + possible. Peter also seemed much depressed and showed a great desire to + return to his regiment. On one occasion, when Ham and I returned in the + evening, the conversation drifted in the direction of the absent ones in + the army, and to Harvey, who fell at the battle of the Gaps. My wife at + once alluded to her dream, which seemed to be preying upon her mind almost + constantly. Peter was silent, but I noticed that he dropped a tear. After + a moment he said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mother, you should not be constantly thinking of your strange dream. You + will become morbid on the subject, unless you drive it from your mind. + There is nothing in it that worrying will or can change. There can be + nothing sure in dreams, and if there is, you can only discover it in the + future. The war will reveal it all to you should there be anything in it." + </p> + <p> + "Ham must speak; it was thought by him to be his time. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, missus, de wah 'splain it all. Massa Peter and me talk 'bout dat. + No danger come out of dreams, you know.' + </p> + <p> + "'Why, Ham,' said Aunt Sarah, 'I thought you dreamed about Peter, and said + he was all right. You assured us of it; and you said that you always knew + by your dreams when matters were all right.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yeas, yeas, missus; but, you see, I be fool on dat. You see, Massa Peter + come back wid a so' foot, shot up putty bad. I got fool on dat dream. You + see, Marfa allers tells me 'bout de dreams. So you see, I jes' thought I + could tell, too. I miss it. Yeas, I miss him dat time. Marfa, she know, + she do. She tell you all 'bout dem when she comed.' + </p> + <p> + "Then he laughed a regular darky laugh, as I found he was sure to do, if + he concluded he had drawn you off on a 'false scent,' or heard anything + that pleased him. + </p> + <p> + "Aunt Sarah was relieved. The fact that Ham admitted that he was humbugged + by his own dream seemed to quiet her nerves; so she did not allude to her + dream again for a great while. But I could see plainly that Peter was very + much depressed whenever allusion was made to it. O, it was prophetic, + 'twas a revelation of dire calamities to follow, one after another. + </p> + <p> + "I could see it all when time unfolded the mystery, as it did, in regular + order. It was a warning so strangely imparted. But why, why this warning, + and why the calamities? That is the question which has been demanding an + answer so long; and yet no answer comes that seems to satisfy my mind. + Well, well, let that pass for the present. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning I sent Ham to the farm on horseback to bring some + vegetables. Early in the forenoon we heard a noise as if the running of a + horse down the street, and looking out saw Ham coming under heavy + pressure, with sails spread. I ran out on the porch, and Ham pulled in + opposite the little yard gate. I called to him, and asked what was the + trouble. The old darky was so scared that he stammered and made motions, + but I could get nothing of an intelligent character from him. I made him + dismount, tie up his horse, and come in. By this time the family were all + out inquiring into the trouble. Ham sat down on the edge of the porch near + the entrance and fanned himself with his hat. Great drops of perspiration + were rolling down his face. He seemed to be in much distress. Finally + Jennie said to him: + </p> + <p> + "'Ham, where is the lettuce, the asparagus, and the butter we sent you + after?' + </p> + <p> + "Ham, finding by this time that he was not dead, essayed to speak. He + raised himself to his full height. + </p> + <p> + "'W'y! W'y! Yeas! Yeas! De—de—de—dey done gone!' + </p> + <p> + "'Gone where?' asked Jennie. + </p> + <p> + "'Dey done gone on de road, missus. I jes' tell you-uns dey's Sesh in + heah. 'Spec dey got dem, dey eat dem for dey dinner. Dey got dem, sho.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, what about the "Sesh," as you call them? + </p> + <p> + "'O, I tole you all 'bout dem. 'Pore de Laud, I mus' rest fust. I is + powerful tired, missis—I is.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Ham, put up your horse and get over your fright, and then perhaps + you can explain more satisfactorily what has happened to you.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yeas, missus, I 'spect dat am de bes' way.' + </p> + <p> + "So, when Ham had cooled off, we had him give us his experience. He said: + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Massa Daniel, I jes' go to de farm and dar seed Massa Joseph Dent. + He fix up de littis, de 'sparagrass, and de eggs; and when dey all fix up + I get ready to come home. He says, "Ham, you see dem fellows down de road + dar?" I looked and seed 'em, and say "Yes, sah." Den he say, "Dey bad + man's dey is; kase dey's done bin heah all de mornin' lookin' round like + dey wants sumfin, and I watch 'em close; if dey boddersme dey ketch it, + sho;" dat's what he say! I done told Massa Dent dat I not feared. But dat + was a story, kase me was some skea'd. I gits on de hoss and corned right + on jes' like I wa'n't skea'd at all. I rides slow doe, kase as how I + wa'n't sho' 'bout dem mans. So I gits 'bout half way down the road home, + and dem mans—dar war free of dem; dar war free, sho', dey jes' steps + right in de road afore me and de hoss. I say "Good mornin," and takes off + my hat like a gemman. Dey say "Whar you goin', nigga?" Den I know'd who + dey is. When dey say "nigga," dat's nuff for dis child. I know'd dey be + "Sesh." Dat's what "Sesh" all call us—"niggas." I tells you, den I's + ska'd. One ob dem say, "What you got dar, nigga?" I say "wegetables for de + house." Ben dey say "Who house?' I told dem Massa Daniel. Den dey say, + "Dat ole Lyon? Dat ole Ablishner? Dat ole scoun'el what want to whip de + Souf? To free de niggas 'mongst us?" I say, "Don' know 'bout dat. Massa + Lyon not say nuffin to me 'bout dat." Den dey sajr, "Whar you come from, + anyhow?" I tole 'em I comed from up in de State whar Massa Daniel comed + from. Den dey swar dat I a liar; dat dey know'd Massa Daniel; dat he + fetched no niggas hyar from 'Hio. Den when dey say "'Hio," golly, I be + glad; kase I could't smell out de name afore; forgot him clar, sho'. Den I + say I comed from 'Hio awhile ago, an' stay wid you, kase I know'd you back + dar in 'Hio. Den dey ax me w'at town I comed from. Den dey get me. I + skea'd den. One of dem say, "O, he a d——d fool; he not know + nuffin." I say, "Yes, sah, sho'; dat's fac. I doesn't know nuffin'bout dem + matters what you say." Den dey laff. Yes, sah, dey laff. I start on. Den + dey say, "Nigga, stop dat hoss." De hoss stop. Yes, sah, den I be orful + skea'd. O, dey was de mos' wostest lookin' disciplinous "Sesh" you eber + did see wid yo' eyes. Dey had ole brown jeans coat an' britches. Dey look + like de "Sesh" what I seed when dey lef Col. Tom at my cabin.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, said Peter, 'they were escaped prisoners, I have no doubt, from + some place, and are hunting their way South.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sah,' said Ham; 'dat's it; dey 'scape and is gwine back to de reb's + army, sho': dat's who dey is. I know'd dey was "Sesh."' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, go on, Ham; tell us the rest,' said Aunt Sarah. I was so much + amused at Ham's story that I kept rather quiet. + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said Ham, 'den dey took de hoss by de bridle and made me git off. + I s'posed dey was gwine to take de hoss, but dey looked de hoss ober, and + say he no good, and gib de hoss back. I got on and dey all pull out + pistols and tell me to "git;" dat's wa't dey say, and sho' you bo'n, I git—an' + de lettice go one way, de 'sparagrass go anoder way, and eggs go de Lord + knows whar—to smash, I reckon. Dey all gone, sho,' an' I's hyar. Dey + shoot when I go. I 'spect I be kill; but I'm hyar, sho'; dis is ole Ham; + he 'scape.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0008" id="linkimage-0008"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0097.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Ham Encounters the Rebels 097 " /> + </div> + <p> + "We all laughed—in fact, could not help it. I told Ham that I would + go out with him the next day and we would see about this matter. Ham + withdrew, scratching his head and looking very serious. + </p> + <p> + "The next day I had the horses hitched to the wagon, and Peter feeling + that he had so far recovered that he could stand the ride, we went out + together. When we came to the place where Ham had met his three suspicious + looking friends we examined the spot, found Ham's lettuce, etc., scattered + somewhat over the ground, but could not see much evidence of anything + else. + </p> + <p> + "Ham said but little. Finally, I asked him which direction his friends had + gone from here. He at once pointed the way, saying, 'Doesn't you see de + track? Dar he go, Turn 'roun' and go back de same way he come.' + </p> + <p> + "We could see some indications that Ham's story might be true, but not + enough to be very satisfactory. However, we went along. When we arrived at + the farm and found Joseph Dent we had Ham relate his experience. Joseph + Dent said to come in the house. When we had all been seated, Joseph said: + </p> + <p> + "'Well, I have no doubt as to the truth of what Ham says. The same three + men (at least, I suppose them to be, from the description), came here last + night and forced me to let them stay in the house. I was not very fearful + of their doing me any harm, as I was watchful. My partner and myself could + have handled them if they had made any demonstration. We gave them their + suppers and a mug of ale and got them going, and found that they were + escaped rebels, who had been in prison camp at Indianapolis. They told us + that there was a plot to let all the prisoners loose and to raise an army + out of their friends North to commence war here, and in that way to have + the rebellion succeed.' + </p> + <p> + "Peter inquired how they came to tell so much about their plans. + </p> + <p> + "Joseph answered that he and his partner pretended to them that they were + in full sympathy with the rebellion, and were staying here only to have + the influence of Col. David to keep them out of the Union army, and that + if compelled at any time to join either army they would join the rebels. + </p> + <p> + "'Where have they gone?' inquired Peter. + </p> + <p> + "'They have gone into the country some twenty miles, to Collins Grove. + There is to be a political meeting there to-morrow, and they expect, as + they told us, that Thomas A. Strider, of Indianapolis, and Dan Bowen, also + of Indiana, were to be there, and through one of them they thought they + could obtain aid; that while in prison they had been initiated into a + society called the "Knights of the Golden Circle," which was a secession + organization, intended as an auxiliary force to the rebel army; that Dan + Bowen was one of their main men, and so called "Agitator"; that Thomas A. + Strider was Chief Counselor to the organization in Indiana; was to be in + Washington most of the time to "watch things" and to defend them at all + times when any of their order should be arrested or in any danger.' + </p> + <p> + "Peter and I went out to the barn and talked the matter over, and thought + that in such a case as this we would be justified in resorting to any + means or strategy to discover this secret organization and ascertain the + designs of its members. We concluded to get Joseph Dent, who was an old + soldier, and very bright, with an excellent memory, to join it and find + out all that he could about the organization. Agreeing to this, Peter + hobbled back on his crutches. He being a soldier made the proposition to + Dent, which he readily acceded to, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'I had thought of that myself, but feared that you might take me to be + too intimate with these people. I call them Secessionists and rebels. I + think, that if you agree, I will go down to this meeting to-morrow, and + when I come back will come to Allentown, as they might keep a watch on me + here.' + </p> + <p> + "With this understanding we returned, instructing Joseph Dent to stay as + long as might become necessary, in order to learn all that he could as to + the design of these people. After getting our supplies in the wagon we + returned home. On arriving we found all feeling very joyful over the fact + that Col. Anderson would be home in the course of a week. He had so + written to me. Aunt Sarah had opened and read the letter. Little Mary was + so delighted that she ran out and tried to tell us all that her father had + written. She would talk and stammer and draw a long breath, and then + commence again, and repeat until I had to tell her to rest and begin + slowly. When we got in we heard all. The two children were delighted at + the prospect of seeing Aunt Martha almost as much as seeing the Colonel + and his brave wife. Peter and I had to keep quiet about our program with + Joseph Dent, and therefore discussed other matters. During the evening + Peter concluded that he would not attempt returning to his regiment until + Col. Tom should arrive, so that he could arrange about the command and + take some word back to Col. Rice. (I said not one word about Tom's + commission as Brigadier, but continued the suggestion that Col. Rice could + not think of doing otherwise than turning over the command to Col. + Anderson.) Just then the post-boy came again with a letter. I opened it + and found it to be from my son Jackson, at St. Paul, Minn., (where he + resided and was engaged in railroad building,) stating that he considered + it his duty to enter the service of his country. Being young and healthy, + he said, no patriot in this crisis, blessed with good health, could afford + to remain out of the army; that the day would come when the question would + be asked of all such persons, 'Why did you not go to the war and fight for + your country?' Poor boy, if he were living now he would ask himself the + queston: 'Why did I go; for what did I peril my life?' Yes! yes! + </p> + <p> + "Well, I kept this from my wife, Aunt Sarah, for the time. She was so + worried about our family that I thought best to wait for a day or so, + inasmuch as she did not see me get the letter. A couple of days passed and + Joseph Dent came to our house. After seeing and speaking to Jennie about + the farm and her interest generally, and telling Aunt Sarah about Ham's + scare and joking him somewhat, he spoke to Peter and myself, and said that + he wanted to see us alone. + </p> + <p> + "We all went out to the barn, and there he told us all that he had heard + and seen—that he had gone to Collins' Grove; that there was a large + political meeting there; that Dan Bowen spoke in the most excited manner + of the wrongs and outrages, as he termed them, of the vile abolition + adminstration; that the Union soldiers were mere hirelings; that he hoped + none of his party would join the Abolition army to assist in robbing and + murdering our brethren down South. (Dent had noted these sayings in his + memorandum; he was a man of fair education and a close observer.) Bowen + was vociferously applauded during his remarks. Thos. A. Strider spoke + also; but he was not so vehement and abusive as Bowen, but was equally + strong against the war for the Union. Strider spoke of it as an unholy war + on our part, and all the acts of Congress and the President being + 'unauthorized and unconstitutional,' and that the war would be a failure + and ought to be; that he would not see money appropriated, if in his power + to prevent, to carry it on; that if the Government undertook to draft his + friends in Indiana as soldiers, he would defend any of them (free of + charge) that resisted such an unconstitutional proceeding. He continued in + this vein for an hour. These utterances were loudly applauded by the + majority of the audience. But, continuing, he stated that on that day he + came across the three escaped prisoners heretofore mentioned, and staid + with them during the speeches and agreed to all that was said, so as to + satisfy them of his strict adherence to their principles. + </p> + <p> + "They said to him that if he would remain that night they would initiate + him into their mysterious organization. He acceded to their proposition + without hesitation, and remained—not leaving them for an instant. In + the evening, shortly after dark, they were all conducted to a large empty + barn near by, and on entering it Dent found Thos. A. Strider presiding, + and Bowen lecturing on the designs and purposes of the Knights of the + Golden Circle. + </p> + <p> + "After he had explained the objects of the organization, an obligation was + administered to all who had not before been admitted and obligated. Dent, + being one who had not before joined, with others took the obligation, and + was then instructed in the signs, grips and passwords. He said that he + played it pretty well, so that he was thoroughly instructed, and kept + repeating them to himself, so that he might not forget any part. The + obligation pledged them to use all possible means in their power to aid + the rebels to gain their independence; to aid and assist prisoners to + escape; to vote for no one for office who was not opposed to the further + prosecution of the war, to encourage desertions from the Union army; to + protect the rebels in all things necessary to carry out their designs, + even to the burning and destroying of towns and cities, if necessary, in + order to produce the desired result. They were also directed to give + information at all times of any knowledge they might have of the movements + of our armies, and of the coming of soldiers to their homes; to use their + influence to prevent their return to the army. They were not even to + disclose the murder of any returned soldier or Union man, if done by any + one belonging to this organization. They were told in the instructions + that men were sent into our prisons to obligate and instruct all + prisoners, so that they could make themselves known in traveling, should + they escape; also, that the organization extended into Canada, as well as + every State in the North; that men in our army belonged to it, who would + retreat in battle, or surrender whenever they could do so; they could + always make themselves known to the rebel commanders; that the members + were in every way possible to foment jealousies and ill-feeling between + the Eastern and Western troops, and especially between the commanding + Generals of the two sections; they were to encourage the Western + volunteers not to allow themselves to be commanded by Eastern officers, + and especially were they to tickle the fancy and pride of the Eastern + officers and men, by encouraging them not to allow themselves to be + subjected to the control of the uneducated men of the West—in short, + every kind and character of argument was to be resorted to. In the event + of failure, any other means, no matter what, was to be employed to cause + failure on our part and success on theirs. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0009" id="linkimage-0009"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0103.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Knights of the Golden Circle Meeting in a Barn 103 " /> + </div> + <p> + "Peter wrote down every word told us by Dent, being very careful about the + signs and passwords. This being done, we cautioned-Dent to be extremely + careful in his conversations with others, and never to speak of this + organization to any one, for fear that he might get into trouble or suffer + in some way from its members. Dent bade us good day and left for home. We + returned to the house and there read over Peter's memorandum carefully, + and studied the signs and passwords so as to fully comprehend them. This, + to us, was a serious question. Peter felt as though there was much in this + to cause our country great trouble in addition to what was already upon + us. I said to Peter that I would at once write to the President and send + him all the statements as they were made to us by Dent, as well as suggest + to him the necessity of having this conspiracy (as it was nothing less) + ferreted out at once, which I did that day, and also suggested the arrest + and trial of all that could be found who were engaged in getting up these + organizations. I soon received a letter, not from the President, but from + another, which satisfied me that my letter had been received by the one + for whom it was intended. + </p> + <p> + "Very soon the whisperings and newspaper gossip showed plainly that there + were jealousies in the Army of the East as well as in the Army of the + Center. Officers were complaining of each other, and some were charging + ill-treatment on the part of the Administration, showing clearly that + there were influences silently at work. About this time I received a note + from Washington requesting me to come to that city. I prepared for the + trip. Bidding good-by to our family, and requesting Peter not to leave + until I should return, I was off, no one but Peter and my wife holding the + secret of my leaving home at this time. When I arrived at Washington I + proceeded to the Executive Mansion, sent in my name, and was at once + admitted. The President met me most cordially, and asked me to be seated. + He wrote a note and sent it out by a messenger, then turned to me and + entered into conversation about the health of our people, the crops of the + country, and the sentiments I found generally held among the people of the + West in reference to the war. I said to him that among the Union people + there was but one sentiment, and that was that the last man and last + dollar must be exhausted, if necessary, to put down the rebellion. He + grasped me by the hand warmly and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Lyon, my good friend, I am exceedingly glad to know that. I have been + hearing curious stories about your part of Indiana. The Governor of your + State seems to fear trouble from some cause.' + </p> + <p> + "'My dear Mr. President,' I said, 'do not misunderstand me. I do not mean + to say our people are united; it is only the Union people I had reference + to. There is a strong party in the State who are utterly opposed to the + prosecution of the war, and they are led on by very strong and influential + men.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the President, 'this man Strider is at the head of that + party. He is a smooth-talking fellow—rather an "Oily Gammon," very + shrewd, and hard to catch at any open or overt act. He has a way of + setting others on and keeping out himself. At least, I should so conclude + from what I have seen and know of him.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, Mr. President, you have estimated the man correctly,' was my reply. + </p> + <p> + "'Just at this point in the conversation, the Secretary of War came in. + The President was going to introduce me. + </p> + <p> + "'No introduction is necessary, Mr. President,' said the Secretary; 'this + is one of my old neighbors and friends.' + </p> + <p> + "'Our meeting was full of warmth and friendly greetings, having been + friends for many years in Ohio prior to my leaving the State. We were all + seated, and after some general conversation between the Secretary and + myself, the President remarked that he had sent for me, and on my + presenting myself he had sent for the Secretary of War for the purpose of + having a full conference in reference to the situation in the rear of the + army out West, and that from my letter to him he did not know of any one + who could give him that information better than myself. + </p> + <p> + "'By the way,' said he, 'what about your nephew, Anderson? He must be a + glorious fellow and a good soldier. Of course, you have received the + commission that the Secretary and I sent you for him?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes I thanks to you, Mr. President. He is improving very fast. His wound + will soon be well, and he will then be ready for the field again.' + </p> + <p> + "'Tell him,' said the President, 'that I will watch his career with great + interest. Coming from where he does, he must have good metal in him to + face his friends and relatives in taking the stand he has.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sir,' said I;'he is a true man, and his wife, though a Southern + woman, is one of the noblest of her sex, and as true a patriot as ever + lived.' + </p> + <p> + "'Your family are nearly all soldiers, I believe, Mr. Lyon,' said the + Secretary. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, Mr. Secretary; I had seven sons—five are in the army, one was + killed at the battle of the Gaps, and the seventh is on his way from St. + Paul to join it. God knows I have some interest in our success, and I will + go myself at any time should it be necessary.' + </p> + <p> + "'The President here interrupted: + </p> + <p> + "'No, Mr. Lyon, you must not. You have done enough. If this Government + cannot be saved without the eighth one of your family putting his life in + peril at your age, it cannot be saved. We will accept no more recruits + from the Lyon family.' + </p> + <p> + "'The President then asked me to give to the Secretary and himself the + situation in the West as nearly as I could, and especially in Indiana. + </p> + <p> + "I proceeded to state the situation—the bitterness of the opposition + to the Administration, as well as to the war, then being manifested by the + anti-war party, or, in other words, by the Democratic party as an + organization; the organized lodges of the Golden Circle, their objects and + designs, the influence they were to bring to bear, how they were to + operate and in what directions, the jealousies they were to engender + between the officers of the East and the West; the fact that they were to + release prisoners and to destroy towns and cities in the North, should it + become necessary. + </p> + <p> + "The President and Secretary both listened with grave attention, and + seemed to fully comprehend the situation. + </p> + <p> + "The President finally said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Secretary, this is a very serious matter, and is becoming more so + every day.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' replied the Secretary; 'you know, Mr. President, that we have + talked this over heretofore, but this revelation seems startling. I can + begin to see where the influence partly comes from which gives us so much + trouble with some of the officers of the Eastern army. At first I was + induced to believe that they were jealous of each other, but I am + beginning to think it comes from political influences in opposition to the + Administration, having a desire to change the policy of the Government in + reference to the war. Several of the senior officers in different commands + act as though they thought more of promotion and being assigned to large + commands than the success of our cause. They will not serve under any but + their own selection of commanders—at least, make opposition to doing + so. There seems to be a little coterie who think no one is suitable to + command except themselves. They have not been very successful so far, and + act as though they were determined that no one else should be. We have + relieved their chief and brought a new man to the field, and I do believe + that some of these men will not give him a cordial support. We must wait, + quietly, however, for developments. One thing is strange to me, and that + is that I find these complaining gentlemen all have been and now are in + sympathy with the party which is found in a great degree opposing the war. + I do not mean by this to impeach their patriotism, but to suggest that the + influences which operate upon them and flatter their vanity by suggestions + of presidency, cabinets, head of the army, future power, greatness, etc., + are not coming from the people or party in full accord with the + Administration and in favor of such a prosecution of the war as will + insure ultimate success.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said the President, 'we are in their power at the present, and + their demands upon the Administration are of a character to induce the + belief that they are preparing the road to an ultimate recognition of the + so-called Confederacy; but, gentlemen, they will not succeed.' (This he + said with much warmth.) 'I will not let them succeed. The Lord, in his own + good time, will raise up and develop some man of great genius as a + commander, and I am now patiently waiting for that time. I cannot put + these men aside now. The country would sympathize with them and feel that + I do not know as much about war as they do; but they will tell the tale on + themselves very soon, and then we will be completely justified in getting + rid of them. This war must go on for some time yet if the Union is to be + restored, and I have faith that it will be; but I am just now bothered + more about the condition in the rear than in the front; that will come out + all right in time. But if these Golden Circle organizations spread, as + they seem to be doing, in the West, where a great portion of our troops + must come from, and the people should once get the idea fixed in their + minds that the war must be a failure, and a fire in the rear is started of + great proportions, then what? Then will come the serious question. And + should the people pronounce at the next election against a further + prosecution of the war, there will be a secret understanding with those + who come into power that the so-called Confederacy is to be recognized, + and that will be the end.' + </p> + <p> + "'But, Mr. President, do you look for such a result?' I asked. + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir,' responded the President; 'I was only putting the worst side of + the case—just as I would look at the worst side of a client's case + in court. The people of this country love this republic too well to see it + go down marred and destroyed merely for the purpose of upholding the crime + and infamy of slavery. No, gentlemen, this Union will be restored. All the + rebels of the South, and all the sympathizers and Golden Circles of the + North cannot destroy it so long as there is one patriot left qualified to + lead an army. They will have to burn every city and assassinate every + leading man who is able to be a leader before our flag will go down in + gloom and disgrace. This they may try. God only knows what desperate men + will do to uphold an unholy cause.'" + </p> + <p> + "How prophetic this thought was," said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, it was really so. The very things mentioned were attempted, and an + organization completed for the purpose. They accomplished a part of their + hellish design, but they did not succeed to the extent contemplated. + </p> + <p> + "But to return to the conversation with the President and Secretary: + </p> + <p> + "The President then asked me if I would, in my own way, further ferret out + what was being done by this organization in the West and post him by + reports in writing as often as I could conveniently do so. + </p> + <p> + "I responded that I could not go into the lodges myself, but I would, in + every way that I could consistently, through others, obtain information + and send him. + </p> + <p> + "'This,' he said, 'was all that he could ask me to do, situated as I was.' + </p> + <p> + "This being all that was desired, the Secretary of War made out a pass + authorizing me to enter any and all of our lines or camps of prisoners, to + visit any and all hospitals—in fact, to go to and pass through all + places under military control in the United States. With this pass in my + pocket I bade good-by to the President and Secretary and left for home. + </p> + <p> + "When I returned I found that Col. Tom Anderson, his wife, and old Aunt + Martha had arrived. The family had a joyful meeting and had become settled + down. All were glad to see me. Col. Tom, his wife, and Aunt Martha had + many pleasant things to relate—how Tom recovered so rapidly; how + kind Col. Harden had been; what a good man Surg. Long was; how a band of + rebels came down the river to old George's farm, where Tom had been so + long; how they were surprised and captured by one of Col. Harden's + reconnoitering parties, and that they said they were sent to take Mr. + George's property away and to bring with them old Ham and Aunt Martha. + </p> + <p> + "Old Ham, being present, broke out in one of his characteristic laughs. + </p> + <p> + "'Ah! He-ogh. Fo' de good Laud, dat's de time dey miss der cotch. Dis + darky was done gone when dey comed. I know'd dey'd be dar sometime for dis + cat, and Marfa, too. I tells you, dey want her, dey do. She know how to + cook and do things, she do. Be a cole day when dey gits dis cat agin, + sho's you born'd.' + </p> + <p> + "Aunt Martha came in and said to Ham: + </p> + <p> + "'What you doin' heah, Ham?' + </p> + <p> + "'I's sympensizen wid dem "Sesh" what comed down to ole Massa George's + place back yonder for to fotch me and you back to de Missip. De cat done + gone. He-ah! he-ah!' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; but you ole fool, dey'd got you if it had not bin for me. I beg you + afore you goes to go wid Massa Daniel, you knows I did.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, Marfa, dat's so. I tole dem all de time dat you knows de bes'. + Don't I, Massa Daniel?' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh, yes, Ham,' I said. 'You always speak well of Martha, and what she + knows.' + </p> + <p> + "'Deed I do, Marfa; dat's so; I does, all de time.' + </p> + <p> + "'Dat's all right den, Ham. I forgib you all what you do, so you jes' git + out in de kitchen; dar's whar you blong. Dese folks spile you ef dey don't + mind deyselves. + </p> + <p> + "The family, or a considerable portion of them, again being together, we + naturally drifted in our conversation as to the war, it being uppermost in + everybody's mind at that time; so I found an opportunity to tell Col. + Anderson and Peter all about my trip, what had occurred, and what I had + promised to do. Peter said that I would have to be very cautious, and that + the first thing was to understand whether or not the Postmaster here could + be trusted. Should he allow it to be known that I was frequently + communicating with the President, the enemies at Allentown would manage in + some way to discover my communications, and thereby my life would be in + danger. + </p> + <p> + "I knew the Postmaster, however, and that he could be trusted; so that + part of the matter was settled. + </p> + <p> + "Colonel Anderson suggested that there should be no haste in settling the + arrangements; that it was of such importance that a little reflection + would do no harm; so we laid the matter over for the present." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel," said Col. Bush, "we who were in the army felt the + influence of the Knights of the Golden Circle. There was one time during + the war when we would have hundreds of desertions in a night; nor could we + stop it for a considerable length of time. We finally discovered that the + people opposed to the war were engaged in every possible way in + influencing the relatives of the soldiers. They would sometimes get their + wives to write about their sufferings, sickness in their families, and in + every way that it could be done they were rendered dissatisfied." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Maj. Clymer, "that is true in every respect. Part of my + command deserted, and I have found since the war that they were induced to + do so by these very influences." + </p> + <p> + "The situation at that time was very critical," said Dr. Adams. "I + remember well when mobs were organized and when soldiers were shot down on + the road in this vicinity while returning to their commands after being + home on a leave of absence. + </p> + <p> + "O, yes, those were perilous times for all who were in favor of their + country's success. Returning, however, to family matters: + </p> + <p> + "On the morning of the next day, after Peter, Col. Anderson and myself had + talked over the matter of my Washington trip, and sat down to breakfast, + Col. Anderson found a paper under his plate. All eyes were upon him, and + he turned his upon the paper. He read it, and looked at me as though he + understood it all, yet it was evidently a very happy surprise; he said not + one word, but handed it to his wife, supposing that the rest knew of it. + She jumped up from the table and threw her arms around my neck and wept + for joy. This procedure seemed to puzzle the rest of the family, as they + were totally ignorant of the contents of the paper. + </p> + <p> + "'Mother,' exclaimed Peter, 'what is all this?' + </p> + <p> + "Col. Anderson said: 'Aunt, do you not know what it is?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, indeed,' she replied. + </p> + <p> + "I then revealed the secret of my keeping the fact quiet about Tom having + been commissioned as a Brigadier-General + </p> + <p> + "Peter at once said: 'Well, that settles the question in our regiment; and + I am truly glad, for two reasons: first, that Col. Anderson has been + promoted, and, second, that it leaves our regiment intact.' + </p> + <p> + "All congratulated the Colonel and were happy over it. Old Aunt Martha who + was waiting on the table that morning shouted out 'Glory! Dat's jes' what + I sed; dat de good Laud was gwine to keep Massa Tom for some big thing, so + he do good. I know'd it.' + </p> + <p> + "We all felt that it was due him and all were glad. Upon looking up I + discerned tears in Jennie's eyes, I knew in a moment her thoughts, but + said not a word. Her darling child, Sarah, had died, and of course she was + sensitive and easily touched. After breakfast I took the first opportunity + to say to her: 'My dear child, don't feel badly; your husband's promotion + will come very soon.' + </p> + <p> + "This seemed to cheer her up, and all went on well and pleasantly. No one + seemed to understand Jennie's tears but myself, and I was very quiet on + the subject. Sure enough, the very next day she got a letter from David, + telling her that he had been promoted and assigned to the command of a + brigade. This made us all doubly happy, and caused us to forget our grief + for a time. The two children did not quite understand all this. But Aunt + Martha, to whom the children had become quite devoted, was in her very + peculiar way explaining it all to the children, and yet she knew but + little more about it than they did, and between her explanations and their + understanding of it, made it very amusing indeed. + </p> + <p> + "Two days afterwards Peter left for his command, which was still encamped + on the battle-field of Pittskill Landing. He felt as though he could do + camp duty if no more. He wore the same sad countenance that had become + fastened upon him since he had been pondering over his mother's dream. + </p> + <p> + "Col. Anderson was still very weak, but was nervous about the future and + extremely anxious to recover sufficiently to take the field. His bloodless + face and trembling motion showed that he couldn't perform field duty for + some time to come. He made a request, however, for the detail of Capt. + Day, of Col. Harden's regiment, as one of his aides-de-camp. The order for + the detail, in accordance with his wishes, he soon received, but delayed + sending it forward, leaving Capt. Day with Col. Harden until such time as + he should be able to be assigned to duty. In talking over with Gen. + Anderson the situation and the mission I had to perform, we concluded, + inasmuch as he was only slightly known through the West, that he could + travel through Ohio, Indiana and Illinois on a prospecting tour and be + less liable to suspicion than myself, known as I was in many parts of the + country, and that the journey was just what he needed to give him + strength. + </p> + <p> + "Preparatory to his undertaking the expedition we thought proper to visit + Joseph Dent on the farm, and have the General more fully posted in the + mysteries of the Golden Circle. We at once repaired to the farm. While + there Dent instructed him thoroughly, he having it at his tongue's end, as + he had been meeting with the Circle frequently in the neighborhood, under + the advice of Peter and myself. Gen. Anderson carefully wrote down + everything in his pocket memorandum book, and after frequently going over + the signs, manipulations, passwords, etc., with Dent, we left for home. + All the preliminaries were then arranged, so that the General was to start + as soon as he considered himself sufficiently strong to undergo the + fatigues of the journey. + </p> + <p> + "Late in the evening the form of a tall, well-proportioned man appeared at + the door and rapped. I said 'Come.' He entered, saying, 'Father, how are + you?' I saw it was my son Jackson, from St. Paul, Minn. After hearty + greetings, I introduced him to Gen. Anderson and wife. Aunt Sarah soon + entered the room, and the meeting between mother and son was most + touching. In the conversation that ensued Jackson soon disclosed the fact + that he was on his way to join the army somewhere, not entirely defined in + his own mind; but came by to pay a visit to us first. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson seemed at once to take a fancy to Jack son, and proposed + that he make application for a Captaincy in the Regular Army and be + assigned to him as one of his staff officers. This was readily acceded to + by my son. The papers were made out, and Jackson started for Washington + the next morning to make the request of the President, the understanding + being that he was to return to my house and await the future movements of + Gen. Anderson. His mother, hearing of this arrangement, was better + satisfied with it than she would have been if he had started out in some + regiment; but she wept bitter tears at the thought of all her sons + endangering their lives. + </p> + <p> + "She said to me: + </p> + <p> + "'Daniel, if our whole family, or a greater part of them should be lost, + who will remember it to our honor, and where will sympathy for us come + from? You know the youth who fired the Ephesian Dome is remembered, while + the builder is forgotten.' + </p> + <p> + "These words of my good wife are constantly ringing in my ears. How true! + how true!" + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0007" id="link2HCH0007"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER VII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + TRAITOR KNIGHTS—ORGANIZATION OF REBEL SYMPATHIZERS IN + INDIANA AND ILLINOIS—SIGNS AND SECRETS—GEN. ANDERSON'S + TOUR OF INVESTIGATION —THE GOLDEN CIRCLE. + + "O, Conspiracy, shame'st + Thou to show thy dangerous brow by night, + When folks are most free? O then, by day, + Where will thou find a cavern dark enough + To mask thy monstrous visage? + Seek none, conspiracy." + —Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + "Several days elapsed before Gen. Anderson felt that he could undertake + the journey contemplated. Finally he concluded that he would make the + effort. He thought it best for him to pass into Illinois first, as he + would not be known in that State. After arranging his matters and leaving + word for Jackson to remain at my house, (on his return from Washington, + should he succeed in obtaining the desired appointment,) until he returned + from his tour of investigation, he started. + </p> + <p> + "The first stopping place of the General was at Colestown, in Charles + County. There he remained several days, and found the most bitter feeling + existing between the political parties. He passed very easily among the + anti-war people for a Southerner and rebel. He made the acquaintance of + one Maj. Cornell, who was home on leave of absence. The General, finding + him a very intelligent and apparently an honorable, high-minded gentleman, + explained to him that he was not a rebel, but on a mission for the + Government. This made him all right with the loyal element, that could be + privately communicated with and trusted. + </p> + <p> + "He had noticed a gentleman, rather fine-looking, with the movements and + general appearance of a Southerner. He managed to get a good look in his + face, and recognized him as Mr. Jas. Walters, of Arkansas. He spoke to + him. The recognition was mutual; the General invited him to his room, and + there the knowledge of the Golden Circle was at once manifested. Neither + disclosed at first anything about himself, but finally the General told + Walters that he was up here North for his health, and to spy out the + situation and report the same. They soon became very confidential, and + Walters unbosomed himself to the General. He told him that he was + traveling under the guise of a real-estate agent, selecting land for some + large and wealthy firm, but in reality he was organizing the Knights of + the Golden Circle; that he had organized, some ten miles southeast of the + town, a lodge of sixty members. He gave all the names. In Colestown he had + another lodge, seventy strong, with Col. O. B. Dickens as Chief of the + Order for that Congressional district. + </p> + <p> + "During that evening he showed the General his lists and gave him the + names of men to go to in Vernon County, Jeffersonville, Fayetteville, + Franklin, Perryville, Fultonville and many other places in the state. + </p> + <p> + "Chicago being the main headquarters, he directed him (if he should go + there) to Morrison Buckner, John Walls, N. Judy Cornington, C. H. Eagle, + and many other prominent men who belonged to the organization and were in + direct communication with Windsor, Canada, where a portion of the main + directors and managers were stationed, and from whence they were sending + out organizers for the West. Walters told him that Indianapolis, Ind., was + one of the 'Head Centers,' and that Dodgers, Bowlens, Millington, Dorsing + and Byron were the Chiefs, with several so-called Agitators, and that Mr. + Strider was Supreme Counsel; that the organization was spreading rapidly; + that in Ohio, at Dayburg, was the Head Center; that along the great river + there were very many lodges and quite a number of members, but that it had + not been so long at work in Ohio as in Illinois and Indiana. Also, that + the Supreme Commander lived in Dayburg, O.; his name was given as + Valamburg; that in Kentucky and Missouri nearly all the people were + joining the order and sending men as fast as they could to the rebel army, + and at the proper time, when things were ripe for the people to rise, one + of the most popular officers in the rebel army, who lived in Missouri, + would be sent there with enough troops to protect himself until the + Knights could join him. + </p> + <p> + "He went on to say that Col. Burnett, of St. Louis, was Supreme Commander + for Missouri, and Marmalade was Chief Agitator; John Morganson was Supreme + Commander in Kentucky; that he was gathering men from there all the time; + that he was not only Supreme Commander of Kentucky, but appointed to make + excursions and raids into Ohio and Indiana, whenever the organization + should be considered strong enough to protect him. This, he said, was + considered one of the measures to be resorted to in order to frighten the + property-holders of the North, and thereby drive them into a peace-policy; + that if the North could be once thoroughly alarmed about the safety of + their property, the anti-war party would then carry an election, and that + would secure the recognition of the Southern Confederacy; that a perfect + understanding of this kind existed with the leaders of the Confederacy and + the leaders of the anti-war party North. He told the General that this + organization was first started in New York city by a man by the name of + McMasterson and some gentlemen from Richmond, who had passed through the + lines and gone there for this purpose; that there were at that time + 100,000 Knights in the State of New York; 80,000 in Ohio; 75,000 in + Indiana, and 50,000 in Illinois. + </p> + <p> + "He said it was thought that it would require about one year yet to get + the organization perfected and in good working order; that they had to + work very cautiously, and would have considerable trouble getting the + right kind of arms into their hands. There was no trouble, he said, in + having them all armed with pistols; 'for,' said Walters, 'these Yankees + are so fond of money that you can buy arms anywhere, if on hand. You can + get them made at some of the private arsenals, if you could assure them + against discovery. The intention, however, is to get all things ready by + the time of the next Presidential election, and if we do not whip them + before that time we will resort to such methods as will insure the + election of one of our friends, or one who believes that we can never be + subjugated.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0010" id="linkimage-0010"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0118.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Drinking to the Success of Treason 118 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The General responded to what he had said, and remarked that it did seem + that if those plans could be carried out that success must certainly + follow. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Walters; 'we must not and cannot fail. I tell you, when these + money-loving Yanks see their towns and cities threatened, prisoners turned + loose, maddened by confinement, and commence applying the torch, you will + hear peace! peace! for God's sake, give us peace! This will be the cry, + sir! Mind what I say!' + </p> + <p> + "Col. Walters by this time had disclosed the fact that he was a colonel in + the rebel army; he had pulled at his flask frequently, and was growing + quite eloquent. Gen. Anderson could not drink, and his looks gave him a + good excuse for not doing so. Finally Walters said: + </p> + <p> + "'Anderson, how did you get here, anyhow? The last time I saw you was at + Vicksburg, four years ago, attending court.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said the General, 'I might have asked you the same question.' + </p> + <p> + "'Now, don't play Yankee on me in answering my question by asking me + another.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, said the General, 'I was in Kentucky, and when I crossed the river + no one asked me any questions. I looked so ill and emaciated that they + thought I told them the truth when I said I wanted a change of climate—and + then, I am also playing the Union role, you know.' + </p> + <p> + "'Is it not very curious,' said Walters; 'I have traveled all over this + country, and no one has asked me a question as to where I came from or + what I am doing. In our country we would both have been in prison or hung + before this as spies. Don't you think so?' + </p> + <p> + "'We would have been in great danger,' said the General + </p> + <p> + "'Danger! Thunder!' said Walters; 'we would have pulled hemp before this.' + </p> + <p> + "It was then getting quite late, and the General began to excuse himself + on account of his health, and they finally spoke of meeting again + sometime, and bade each other good night. The General retired after + arranging to leave on the train in the morning for Chicago. Leaving + Coles-town at an early hour, he arrived in Chicago that evening and put up + at the Richmond House. In the course of the next day, by proper + management, he got acquainted with Walls, Morrison Buckner and Mr. Eagle. + This hotel seemed to be the common meeting-place for this class of men. + The subject of the war was discussed very freely by all of them. They + seemed to be very much exasperated about the course of the Administration, + denouncing its acts as revolutionary, arbitrary and unconstitutional. + Eagle seemed to be rather a good-natured fellow—dealt measurably in + jokes, as I took it. He said that he did not owe allegiance to any + country, as he understood it; that his father was French, his mother was + German, and he was born on English waters under the Italian flag; and that + he should claim protection from all until his nativity could be settled. + </p> + <p> + "The General said he rather took a liking to him. He finally explained to + the General, however, that he was from the South, but left there because + his health was not good enough to go into the Confederate army, and he + knew if he staid he would have been compelled to do so. In Chicago there + was no danger of having to go into either army; that a man could stay and + help the rebels more than if he we were South, and if they wanted him in + the army he could hire some fool to go and get shot in his place for a + hundred dollars. He said that there was another advantage—that the + people went so fast that they forgot which side you were on in a month, + and that you did not have to live there always to become a citizen. You + could go to Congress after you had been there a week, if you only knew how + to handle the 'boys.' + </p> + <p> + "'The General said that he was really amused at the fellow, but very soon + the Grand Head Center of the State came in and he was introduced to Mr. N. + Judy Cornington. + </p> + <p> + "'The General gave him the sign, which was at once recognized, and the + wink went round that the General was a brother. They conversed freely + about the condition of the country; the ultimate result of the war; what + must be done to bring about peace; how the Administration must be changed + and peaceful commercial relations established with the South, and the + Southern Confederacy recognized. To all this the General responded: + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; but suppose these things that you mention do not bring about the + result. What then?' + </p> + <p> + "'What then?' you ask, 'We will then resort to any and every means, no + matter what, for success. We are now in the same condition as the rebels + South. Should they fail we will have to go South, or forever be under the + ban of treason. You do not suppose that these people who support the Union + will ever trust any of us or any of our party again, should our friends + South fail, do you?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, what of it?' asked Mr. Buckner. 'I do not now, nor do I expect + hereafter to ask these people for anything. I am actuated by principle + purely, without reference to the future. Let the future take care of + itself.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, that is well enough, Mr. Buckner,' said Corning-ton, 'as a + sentiment just now; but some day we will feel differently, and our people, + who are now taking desperate chances, will want to have something to say. + You do not suppose that all these brave men who are now in the rebel army, + and their friends North, are going to allow these Abolitionists to run + this Government, even if we should not succeed.' + </p> + <p> + "'Do you think that these people North will care (after this thing is + over) anything about who shall be in power,' said Mr. Eagle. 'I tell you, + Mr. Cornington, that they will soon forget all about it. You show them + where the least taxes are and the most money to be made, and they will + throw patriotism to the dogs. Why, if the rebellion fails, I expect to see + Jeff. Davis' Cabinet, or part of them, running this Government, with him + behind them directing things. Yes, sir; no matter what occurs, we only + have to let these people go on making money, and we will look after the + politics. They will not take time to do it.' + </p> + <p> + "'Why, gentlemen, I expect to run the politics of this State yet. I intend + to make money now, and when the thing blows over I will then have leisure. + I do not care for the amount of money these Northern men want. When we + Southern men get enough to have a small income to live on, we turn our + attention to politics; and there is no trouble to run things if you only + attend to it. These rich fellows think all you have to do is to have + plenty of money, and if you want anything done in politics, buy it. There + is where they make their great mistake. You must work the boys—give + them a show along with you. The people all have their ambitions—some + great, some not so great, but all want a show. There are some men here in + this city who think they can buy the whole State. But they are mistaken; + when they try it they will discover their error. They will find the + fellows that play politics play the game well,' and so rattled on this man + Eagle. The General said that when he got started he was like a wound-up + clock—you either had to let it run down or smash it. + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said Cornington, 'Eagle, you seem to take rather a rosy view of + things. I do not look at matters quite in the same light that you do. I + want to see success assured; then matters may assume the shape you say. + But I fear if we fail the result will be otherwise.' + </p> + <p> + "Said Eagle: 'I tell you, sir, that no matter what happens, the brains and + courage and aggressiveness of the Southern people will control this + country, Union or no Union, and you will see it yet, if we live. But that + belief must not prevent us from doing our duty manfully. We must hang + together and terrify the Northern people.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Cornington, 'as was said by one of our fathers in the + Revolution, "we must hang together, or we will hang separately."' This + caused Eagle to laugh. + </p> + <p> + "'Oh I' said he, 'those old fellows were frightened into success, and you + must know that to alarm the North about their money and property being in + danger is the only road to success. You can't scare them about their + lives. Our people are mistaken on that point. They care much less for + their lives than for their "oil."' + </p> + <p> + "The General, after getting all the information he could as to the extent + of the organization, their designs and intended future operations, which + corresponded with what he had learned from Walters, promised to see them + again, and left that night for Dayburg, Ohio. On arriving there he tried + every way to obtain an interview with the Supreme Commander of the Golden + Circle of the United States, but in vain. His attempts were all thwarted + in one way or another. The Commander (Valamburg) must have had some fears + in reference to strangers. + </p> + <p> + "For three days the General tried to get a chance to see him, but could + not. He met, however, three men,—Pat Burke, Tim Collins and John + Stetson,—with whom he formed a slight acquaintance, and, on giving + them the signs and passwords of the Circle, was taken into their + confidence. They took him riding into the country and showed him several + large barns where they were in the habit of holding their meetings, and + gave him full information as to their prospects in reference to future + operations. The three men were Agitators or, in other words, Organizers. + </p> + <p> + "John Stetson had been in Dayburg about three months; was a Colonel in the + rebel army; had been a prisoner at Camp Chase, but in some mysterious way + was permitted to escape by putting on different clothes from his own, + which in some manner were smuggled in to him. He had shaven off his + whiskers and made a close crop of his hair, and was so changed in his + appearance that no one would have suspected that he was the same man. He + was known in prison, and so entered on the records, as Col. Jacob Reed, + 13th Ky. (Confederate) infantry. This man Stetson, alias 'Reed,' was very + communicative; told the General that if they did not succeed in working up + sufficient feeling in the Northern States to change the course of the + Administration that they would have to resort to other and more severe + methods—such as raiding in the North, destroying property, burning + cities, etc.; that the Confederacy must be successful; that they were now + in for it, and there must be no faltering; that there must be no sickly + sentiment about the means to be adopted hereafter; that fire and flood and + desolation were perfectly legitimate if necessity should ever demand the + use of different means from the present. He said that they could raid from + Kentucky and Missouri; that New York, Cleveland, Cincinnati and Chicago + had been agreed upon as the cities for destruction, if the time should + ever come for such action; that their friends in those cities could make + themselves whole from the wreck—at least, all that they particularly + cared for; so far as the property-holders who pretended to be their + friends were concerned, they did not care for them,—that they would + not help them any, and only wanted to fill their pockets out of the + general misfortunes of the Southern people. + </p> + <p> + "After the General had traveled around considerably with these men as + their friend and guest, he wished them success and health, bade them a + hearty good-bye, and left for Indianapolis to see the Governor, not + wishing to try experiments there, where he had been in camp so long. When + he arrived and had time to visit the Executive, he found him greatly + perplexed at what he had ascertained about the secret treasonable + organization in the State of Indiana. He asked the General a great many + questions about his recovery, his promotion, etc., and finally said: + </p> + <p> + "'I want you to help keep up the reputation of our State in the army.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson replied: + </p> + <p> + "'I hope, Governor, you will never have any cause for complaint in that + direction.' + </p> + <p> + "'No,' said the Governor; 'I hope I shall not! But,' said he, 'it begins + to look as though we might have trouble at home. These Golden Circles are + bound to give us trouble, and I fear very soon,' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the General, 'they are getting pretty numerous, and very bold + and exasperating at the same time. How many do you suppose there are in + this State, Governor? + </p> + <p> + "'I suppose there must be twenty or thirty thousand-enough for a pretty + good army. If they had any bold man to lead them, they could release our + prisoners here and destroy our city.' + </p> + <p> + "Seeing that the Governor exhibited some alarm, the General was afraid to + tell him then how many there actually were in the State. But very soon his + Adjutant-General came in, and in conversation raised the figures to some + forty or fifty thousand. The Governor looked surprised, and the General + thought that he might then disclose the facts as to numbers, and told the + Governor that he had found out means of ascertaining, and that their claim + for Indiana was 75,000. This seemed to startle him. He at once asked his + Adjutant-General how many regiments there were now in camp near the city, + and was informed that there were four, with a great many recruits in the + camp of instruction. He made many inquiries of the General as to how he + obtained his information. Gen. Anderson told him that he had obtained it + in various ways; that some of his friends had joined the organization and, + not believing in it, had posted him, under the seal of confidence. + </p> + <p> + "'Do you believe them?' inquired the Governor. + </p> + <p> + "'I most certainly do,' responded the General. + </p> + <p> + "The General then gave him the names of Strider, Bowen, Bowlens, + Millington, Dorsing and Byron as the leaders—Organizers, Agitators, + Commanders, etc.—for the State of Indiana. The Governor was + surprised at hearing some of the names, and said he had no doubt of + Strider being at the bottom of it, but that he would not be caught; that + when the trying time should come, if ever, he would turn up as counsel, + and in that way would get out of it, and thereby seal the mouths of the + criminals. + </p> + <p> + "He advised the Governor to keep a watch on some of these men, and he + would soon discover them; that they had not been long enough at this thing + to understand the necessary precaution. None had yet been caught and + punished, and they were not looking to the serious consequences to + themselves should they be exposed. + </p> + <p> + "He also asked the Governor to apprise the President of the United States + of the condition of these matters in the State, but at the same time not + to mention his name as the source of information. He bade the Governor + good-by and left for Camp Chase, Ohio, having, while in Indianapolis, + determined to return to Ohio and investigate the prisoners at Camp Chase. + When he arrived there, having no authority, he could not converse with the + prisoners alone; but, becoming acquainted with the Colonel commanding the + Camp, and explaining in confidence who he was and his mission, he was + allowed free access to the camp and to the prisoners. He soon picked out a + young man from Virginia—his appearance would indicate his age to be + about eighteen years. He told the General that he lived in the extreme + south-western part of what is now old Virginia. His name was Ridenbergen. + He said to the General that he had no cause to fight against the United + States, but that he was in now and proposed to fight it out. The General + having played the Southern dodge and sympathy with the rebellion in such a + way as to satisfy him, and also having given the sign of the Circle, which + this young Virginian seemed to well understand, there was no longer any + necessity for withholding anything in reference to their condition, + expectations of succor, release, etc. He told the General that John + Stetson, alias Col. Jacob Reed, of Dayburg, had been there frequently; + that only a few of them recognized him; of course no one 'peached,' as + they knew he was working for their benefit. + </p> + <p> + "He said our commander of the prison was not very observing; that quite a + number had escaped, and nothing was known or said about it; that others + answered for them, reported them sick, or gave some other excuse which was + always taken; that Stetson had brought in the rituals of the Golden + Circle, and that all of them who were intelligent enough to understand it, + were posted, and that some of the guards belonged and were constantly + making the signs to the Confederate officers inside. He had no doubt that + sooner or later they would be released. He had the same idea about how + they would ultimately succeed. This idea pervaded the minds of all with + whom he had spoken on the subject. Many leading men in Ohio were in accord + with all that they contemplated with reference to their release and the + future success of the Confederacy. + </p> + <p> + "He also said that the party in Ohio who were in sympathy with the + rebellion were quite outspoken, and were under the lead of a very able and + bold man. The General inquired of whom he had reference, and he said + Valamburg, of Dayburg. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' the General responded, 'I have heard of him frequently; but is he + a military man?' + </p> + <p> + "'No,' replied Ridenbergen; 'but we have them in the State in many places, + from the Confederate army, just waiting the sound of the bugle. But the + fears I have are as to the time. It takes so long to get everything ready—our + people have to move so cautiously.' + </p> + <p> + "'Have you heard that we are organizing for raids from Canada at some + future time?' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh, yes; that is understood. Many of our best and brightest men are over + there, at different points, preparing for it; but that is to be done only + when we must strike in Northern cities for the purpose of terrifying the + Northern property-holders; we must strike then where the greatest amount + of wealth is concentrated.' + </p> + <p> + "The General then said to him: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Ridenbergen, you are a young man. I hope to hear good things of you + in the future,' and bade him good-bye. + </p> + <p> + "The General arrived at Allentown the next day. After the family + greetings, kisses from his wife and little daughter, and a 'How ar' you, + Marsa Tom?' from Ham and a 'Bress de good Laud, heah you is agin!' from + Aunt Martha were over, the General related his trip to me in minute + detail, and told me that matters were much worse than he had any suspicion + of prior to his investigations. In speaking of those he had seen, and his + many talks with members of the Knights of the Golden Circle, his utter + contempt for them, and especially for many leading men who claimed to be + loyal to the Union, but did not like the unconstitutional manner of + prosecuting the war, he remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'There was but one of all of them that I have seen for whom I have any + sympathy or respect, and he is the young Virginian, Mr. Ridenbergen. I + rather liked the frankness of this young man. I am satisfied that at heart + he is not a rebel, but is young, and, after engaging in the rebellion, + will go as far as any one to make it a successful cause.' + </p> + <p> + "Just then Jackson came from the train and entered the house. + </p> + <p> + "'My! how well you are looking, Gen. Anderson, compared with your + appearance when I left. You must have been to some water-cure or have used + some kind of elixir of life,' was his first greeting. + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir,' replied the General; 'I have been marching, and it has brought + me out wonderfully.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, it has. Well, Jennie, I saw David, Dr. James and Henry. They are + all well and "spilin'" for a fight. David thinks that his brigade can + thrash the whole rebel army.' + </p> + <p> + "Little Jennie rushed to her Uncle Jackson, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Did you see my good papa?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, dear, I saw him, and he sent you a thousand kisses and asked all + about you.' + </p> + <p> + "Turning away, he said, 'Poor David, his heart is broken over the loss of + his little Sarah.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson said, 'Sit down, and tell us all about your visit. Were you + successful?' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh, yes; I am a full-fledged Captain in the 18th U. S. Inf., and + assigned, by order of the Secretary of War, as Aide-de-camp to Brig.-Gen. + Thomas Anderson, the hero.' + </p> + <p> + "'Stop, stop,' said the General; 'you must not commence that too soon. The + taffy part must be left off if you are to be on my staff.' + </p> + <p> + "'My dear,' said his wife, 'he can say that about you to me; for it's the + truth. Capt. Jackson, I will not get mad at you for speaking in a + complimentary manner about my husband.' + </p> + <p> + "'Hereafter I will repeat all the good things which I may have to say + about him to you; but you will tell him, and then he will get mad at me.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, he will not be mad; don't you know what peculiar animals men are?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, yes; they are rather peculiar,' said Jackson. 'They like + compliments when not deserving; but when deserving they then dislike them. + Is that not about the way with most men? I notice women are somewhat + differently constituted? Are they not?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, indeed; they always like compliments. Do they not, my dear?' + addressing her husband. + </p> + <p> + "'I have usually found it so,' replied the General. His wife ran into the + house, and laughingly said: + </p> + <p> + "'Well, I guess Tom has been trying his compliments on some one else. Has + he not, aunty?' addressing Aunt Martha. + </p> + <p> + "'God lub you' sole, chile, dese men, you can't tell nuffin 'bout dem, + sho'; but Massa Tom be all rite, I 'spect; I knows him; no fear 'bout him; + de good Laud spar' him for good work, sho'.' + </p> + <p> + "I asked the General to write out a full statement of all he had reported + to me. He did so that night, and the following day I mailed it to the + President with a private note accompanying. + </p> + <p> + "During the day Jackson entertained us with his visit to Washington, to + the army, and the pleasant time he passed in camp with his brothers. He + said that there was something wrong in that army; that the machinery did + not seem to work very smoothly, but that never having been a soldier, + perhaps he could not form a correct opinion. The sequel told the tale, + however." + </p> + <p> + "Well, Uncle Daniel, this Golden Circle discovery was most extraordinary," + said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes. It grew into greater proportions later on, however." + </p> + <p> + "I feel an interest in knowing what became of that young Virginian whom + Gen. Anderson met at Camp Chase; his name I forget, but have it written + down." + </p> + <p> + "Yes; you mean Mr. Ridenbergen?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes." + </p> + <p> + "I have learned that he went through the war on the rebel side unharmed, + after the war married in Pennsylvania, and is now one of the most + prominent men in Virginia. He espoused the advanced policy of the men who + saved the Union, and is now one of the leading opponents of the + unreconstructed in that State." + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel becoming very weak and exhausted, by an agreement with us, + the continuance of his story was postponed until another time. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0008" id="link2HCH0008"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER VIII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF PAGELAND—A VICTORY TURNED INTO A DEFEAT BY + TREACHERY—DEATH OF GEN. LYON—ON THE TRAIL OF THE KNIGHTS + OF THE GOLDEN CIRCLE. + + "Sorrow breaks seasons, and reposing hours, + Makes the night morning, and the noontide night." + —Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + "During the two weeks intervening, Dr. Adams was engaged in carefully + writing from his very full shorthand notes the relation of facts as given + by Uncle Daniel. At the appointed time all were again present, eager for a + continuance of this interesting and remarkable history of events only a + short time past, and yet almost forgotten. When all were seated Uncle + Daniel began: + </p> + <p> + "The time between the sending of my report to the President of Gen. + Anderson's trip and his answer, with further instructions, was + considerable. Finally, I received a letter from the Secretary of War, who + seemed very much gratified about the information that had been gathered, + as also at the manner in which it had been obtained. He requested that I + send or go myself to Canada and ascertain such further facts as I could in + reference to the conspiracy and the movements of the conspirators. Gen. + Anderson, my son Jackson, and myself held a consultation as to my going. + They thought the undertaking too hazardous for me to attempt, and finally + Jackson proposed that he would go himself, saying that it would be at + least two months before Gen. Anderson could again take the field for + active operations; in the meantime he (Jackson) could be profitably + employed in this business for the Government. This was agreed upon as the + better course to pursue. Jackson was at once given all the secrets of the + Circle as far as the General knew them. He studied the passwords, signs, + and their instructions until the General pronounced him sufficiently well + informed for a first class conspirator. And as soon as he could get + himself in readiness he started for Montreal, C. E., by way of New York. + During all this time the Circle had been busily at work, and the + excitement was increasing all over the country. + </p> + <p> + "The alarm for fear of the enemy in our rear was producing such a + condition of things as to endanger the safety of the people every where in + the West, and at this time much encouragement was given to our enemies at + home by the many failures of our armies in the East. The army, as before + stated, had been put under a new commander, Gen. Pike, and the displeasure + created among the ranking officers was easily to be seen by their language + and manner towards him. This feeling was constantly fed by disparaging + articles in the opposition press. The enemy in arms could easily see that + this was a golden opportunity, and they availed themselves of it. They + commenced a movement which indicated an advance against our forces. Gen. + Wall, of the rebel army, had by rapid marches put himself between Gen. + Pike and his base. This forced a movement on the part of our troops to the + rear, and necessitated an immediate attack upon Gen. Wall in order to + drive him back from the threatening position he occupied. The troops were + moved rapidly back in the direction of Cow Creek, where it was intended by + Gen. Pike to assault him. + </p> + <p> + "The army was at last all collected in easy supporting distance, and Pike + moved out with Gen. Horn's corps and assaulted Gen. Dawn's division of + Wall's army. The contest was a spirited one, and lasted until well in the + night. Dawn finally retreated. During the night all arrangements were made + for an advance. The next morning the General-in-chief of the rebel armies + was moving by forced marches in order to join Wall prior to any serious + engagement, and Pike was determined to attack Wall before the main army of + the enemy could arrive; but, to his utter astonishment, his forces under + Farlin, ordered to join him from the base of supplies, were not in motion + as yet, as he ascertained; and so with Fitzgibbon, who had been repeatedly + urged to come with all dispatch. This left Pike in such a condition that + he must delay his attack, which delay might bring great disaster to his + army. Pike sent his staff officers to notify those Generals of his desires + and intentions, which was done; but all manner of excuses were given for + the delay. Finally, the next day, when part of his forces had arrived, + Fitzgibbon coming up leisurely with his corps of magnificent soldiers, he + was forced to commence the battle in the absence of Farlin and his corps. + He moved out, putting his cavalry on the right flank, near Siddon Springs, + threatening the left of Wall's army, who were formed in line of battle at + or near a small town called Pageland. Rackett holding Pike's right, Shunk + in the center, and Brig-Gen. David Lyon on the left of Shunk, his left + resting on the edge of a grove of thick timber. The extreme left of the + command was held by Gen. Fitzgibbon's corps. It was understood that + Fitzgibbon would attack the enemy during the engagement on his right + flank, and in that way measurably destroy him. The troops being thus + disposed they were ordered to advance. The battle soon commenced by slight + cavalry skirmishing on our right. Our cavalry having met the cavalry of + the enemy, he, discovering our movements and positions, moved out to meet + us. The firing and cracking of carbines increased, until finally musketry + was distinguishable on the line fronting our cavalry. They soon asked for + support, which was sent, and the enemy driven back. At this time + skirmishing opened in several places on our infantry line, and continued + until our whole line was formed and advanced. The enemy having advantage + in position, did not advance to meet our forces, but held themselves in + readiness to receive any attack that our troops should make upon them, + Wall intending to save his men as much as possible, and to hold out until + the main rebel army should arrive. Finally an assault was ordered all + along the Une, and Wall was driven back to a deep depression in the + ground, behind which, on the rising slope beyond, he reformed his line. + Our forces pressed forward and assailed his left with great energy. Wall + gradually gave way and was being easily driven back, when all at once a + dash was made from the position to which they had been forced. This + onslaught was so vigorous and irresistible that our forces had to give way + and fall back to the main line. Gen. Rackett, seeing this dash of the + enemy, at once said: + </p> + <p> + "'These are fresh troops. They are re-enforcing from some other part of + the line.' + </p> + <p> + "This being communicated to the commanding General, he said they must have + weakened the center. In order to test this he ordered an assault to be + made at once upon their center. In this opinion he was correct. The + assault upon the enemy's center dislodged him and drove him in much + confusion back to another position. Our left then moved forward rapidly + with the same result, and the battle was going well and very + satisfactorily. Our right being then re-enforced, the enemy was driven + from his line at every point. Gen. Pike believing that he had the enemy in + a position where he could easily beat him, if his other forces would come + up promptly, sent to the rear to find Farlin, but he could not be found. + He said to one of his staff officers: + </p> + <p> + "'Does not this look as if I was betrayed?' + </p> + <p> + "The staff officer, now dead, replied: + </p> + <p> + "'General, this is what I have feared for some time. The movements of the + enemy look as though they were only fighting for time. You see how easily + they are forced back—in numbers engaged more than equal to ours.' + </p> + <p> + "'What of Fitzgibbon on the left? I have not heard a gun in that + direction.' + </p> + <p> + "'Nor will you,' replied the officer. + </p> + <p> + "'But he has orders to attack at once. He must attack very soon, I am + sure. How can he see and hear a battle like this without engaging?' + </p> + <p> + "The officer made no reply. The General thought he would ascertain, and + ordered his staff officer to proceed to the line of Gen. Lyon, and ask him + to feel out from his left for Fitzgibbon, and to open communication with + him. This order being executed, Gen. Lyon reported that he could not find + any force to his left, but at the same time reported that there was much + noise and dust in his front on the main road, and he feared + re-enforcements for the enemy. + </p> + <p> + "Just then Gen. Mcintosh reported with his command, which had been + marching from Fitzgibbon's rear for some time in order to reach the + battlefield. As soon as he had reported Gen. Pike directed that, as soon + as his command could rest, so as to be in condition to move forward, he + desired him to move up in support of Gen. Lyon; as he feared + re-enforcements were moving to his (Lyon's) front. + </p> + <p> + "Just about this, time Fitzgibbon had discovered much dust rising in the + direction of the south. He called the attention of some of his officers to + it, and proposed a retreat. But his command did not think a retreat + without losing a man or testing the enemy would look quite soldierly, and + the retreat was abandoned for the present; but in a few moments an immense + flock of wild pigeons (having been by some means disturbed,) came down + like a great cloud, and the roaring sound they produced in their flight so + startled Gen. Fitzgibbon that he thought a large corps of cavalry were + charging upon him. Thereupon he immediately ordered his men under cover + and to prepare for retiring, at the same time announcing that our forces + were evidently beaten. Gen. Mcintosh moved forward and at once engaged the + enemy, and the battle became general. + </p> + <p> + "The enemy, then evidently being re-enforced, made several desperate but + unsuccessful assaults upon our center; but soon fresh troops were thrown + in its support, and our lost ground regained. Our right at this time + pressed forward, and at once were hotly engaged. Our artillery now opened + from the different positions occupied by our batteries. The enemy's + batteries promptly replied. Our cav airy were ordered to try and penetrate + to the rear of the enemy. Here was a contest between cavalry. Carbines + cracked and rattled almost like the heavy musketry of infantry. Many a + horse was seen going at full speed over the field riderless. Many a + cavalryman fell. At last a charge with sabers drawn was ordered. The + sight, as described to me, was one of grandeur to behold. On to the charge + they went, each saber flashing in the sunlight. Crash went saber against + saber. Sparks flew as if from heated steel. 'Forward?' was heard on both + sides. Flashes of sparks and ringing sounds from the steel as saber came + against saber. Arms were gashed, hands and faces were cut, heads were + cleft, and sabers pierced the bodies of the troopers on either side. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0011" id="linkimage-0011"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0135.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Henry Lyon is Captured 135 " /> + </div> + <p> + "Back went the rebel cavalry and on against them our men were thrown, + until infantry came to the enemy's support, accompanied by a battery of + artillery. A deadly fire from both was poured into the ranks of our + horsemen. Our lines staggered, then recovered again, but could not + withstand both the infantry and artillery. They were compelled to fall + back. Many were unhorsed and quite a number captured. Among them was my + son Henry, of the Michigan Cavalry. His horse was killed, and his own back + injured in the fall, so that he could not make good his escape. (He was + sent to the rear. I heard nothing from him for months—only knew that + he was taken prisoner.) But the command again rallied and held their line + on the flank of our infantry. The artillery on the left of our line were + having a regular duel with several batteries of the enemy. Our center was + being sorely pressed again. Column after column assaulted and checked our + advance. Gen. Pike was very anxious about his support, and repeatedly sent + to find Farlin, but the same report was made each time, 'Not in sight; + cannot be found.' At last a report came that Farlin was some twenty miles + away, and moving very leisurely. + </p> + <p> + "'My God!' exclaimed Gen. Pike, 'my army is sacrificed. These men will not + support me. The battle is to be lost, and perhaps all depends upon the + issue here to-day. To win this battle makes our success sure; to lose it + may be the loss of all.' + </p> + <p> + "He called an officer and said, 'Take this written order to Fitzgibbon. He + must attack at once.' + </p> + <p> + "Fitzgibbon was found beneath the shade of a broad oak. He had not fired a + gun; his men were panting for a chance to enter the contest. As the + officer passed along they cried out, 'Why not put us into the fight?' How + is the battle going?' 'Are we driving them?' 'The rebs are being + re-enforced; we can see troops coming down by Pageland.' (The town was in + full view from where they were impatiently waiting for the command + 'Forward!') + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Fitzgibbon paid no attention to the order, except to say, 'Pike + doesn't know what he is doing.' + </p> + <p> + "The officer said, on returning, Fitzgibbon's men were lying by their + arms, (which were stacked,) and could be put into use instantly. The + General could not believe that the attack would not be made by Fitzgibbon. + The battle now was at white heat—infantry, artillery and cavalry + were all engaged. The lines swayed, sometimes the rebels were gaining + slight advantage, and then the forces on our side. Gen. David Lyon's + command was now all engaged. + </p> + <p> + "He drove the enemy through the woods where his left first rested. He was + handling his troops well. The commanding General came along where he was + engaged and complimented him very highly for the manner in which he was + succeeding on his part of the line. He then asked David (Gen. Lyon) if he + could hear any firing on his left. Gen. Lyon answered him in the negative. + </p> + <p> + "'Is it possible? Are you not mistaken? It seems to me that I can hear + it.9 + </p> + <p> + "'No, Gen. Pike,' said Gen. Lyon; 'you imagine so; for I assure you I have + watched and listened for some movement on my left. There has been none + whatever.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Shunk came up just at that moment and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Gen. Pike, Gen. Rackett is killed.' + </p> + <p> + "'Is that so? He was one of my most faithful Generals.' + </p> + <p> + "He sent an officer back to see that the next officer in rank should take + command at once. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Shunk said to Gen. Pike: + </p> + <p> + "'I fear that re-enforcements for the enemy are coming up. I have just + captured some prisoners, who say they have marched fifteen miles to-day, + and were put into the battle as soon as they arrived. They also say that + the commander of the rebel armies is not more than ten miles away with at + least 20,000 men.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, that may be so; but if Fitzgibbon will attack on the left, as I + have ordered him positively to do, and Gen. Farlin comes up—who is + not farther away than the rebel troops—we will be their equal in + numbers.' + </p> + <p> + "'Do you think Farlin is trying to get here, General?' + </p> + <p> + "'Why, he knows we are engaged. He is an old soldier and ought to do his + duty.' + </p> + <p> + "'True enough; but if he did not know his duty, and was not an old + soldier, he might come sooner than he will, knowing it. I do not like to + say so, General, but I have my suspicions that Farlin and Fitzgibbon do + not wish you to win this battle.' + </p> + <p> + "The conversation was here broken off. The enemy having made a desperate + assault on Shunk's command, he rode quickly away. By this time the battle + was terrific, and the slaughter terrible on both sides. The field was + beginning to look more like a slaughter-pen than anything else to which it + could be compared. Men were being brought to the rear on stretchers, and + also carried by their comrades without stretchers; in fact, you know it + was a very common thing for several men to take hold of one to help him to + the rear when sometimes the soldier had but a scratch.. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Horn, who had been in reserve up to this time, came up with his + command and supported Gen. Mcintosh, who was now hard pressed. When Gen. + Horn entered the field he could be heard far away, having a stentorian + voice. He advanced rapidly and drove the right of Wall back far from his + main line; but here, in close supporting distance, lay Longpath, with his + fresh troops. He waited until Horn's line was clear in advance of the main + line, and at once set upon him with great ferocity, driving him back on + Mcintosh, that portion of our line giving way for the moment. Gen. Lyon's + command was then furiously attacked by fresh troops. They stood the shock, + but had finally to give way. Pike witnessed this terrible fighting, and + said again, 'Can it be possible that Farlin will not get here in time to + save this battle?' He again rode up to Gen. Lyon and asked if he still + heard nothing on his left. The General answered 'No.' He then directed him + to send a courier through and communicate with Fitzgibbon. By this time + the heaviest fighting was on the right and center, the firing having + slackened on the left. The courier was gone but a short time, when he + returned and reported the enemy marching down a road to our left and + forming at right angles with our line. This was easily understood, and as + soon as possible our left was changed to face the troops so forming on and + across our flank. New troops were thrown in at this point, to enable + proper resistance to be made, their attack on our angle being made as a + diversion. + </p> + <p> + "This attack now having been repulsed, the enemy were driven back, and + quite a number of prisoners captured; the soldiers became much elated and + commenced cheering, which was taken up all along the line. On our left our + officers took it that Farlin had arrived, or that Fitzgibbon had sent word + that he was going to attack at once and relieve the situation, the + position of the troops facing our left being such that he could attack + them in the rear. But all were doomed to be disappointed. The rebels + forming on our left were troops just arriving and under the immediate + command of the General-in-chief of the rebel army. They were soon in + position, and their skirmishers moving through the woods in the direction + of our refused left. The situation was critical indeed. The commanding + General ordered all the artillery that could be brought into battery to be + placed in position on this flank. The line then held by Wall on his left + could not be abandoned, nor could he draw from his center, as he was being + pressed all along that part of the line. But on they came through the + woods. None but infantry could get through without great delay. They + opened fire. Our line gave way, and fell back to the support of the + batteries. Finally the batteries all opened, and like the roar of mighty + thunders was the noise. The earth shook as though an earthquake was + disturbing it. Fire was vomited forth as though it were from the mouth of + some burning volcano. Destruction and death were dealt out unsparingly to + the enemy. They started to charge the batteries, and with that hideous + yell that they seemed only to employ or understand, on they came. But + finally, when they could stand against the torrent of shot and shell no + longer, they broke to the rear in great confusion. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Pike saw the success, and exclaimed: 'If my other troops would only + come up, or Gen. Fitzgibbon attack, the day would soon be ours.' + </p> + <p> + "But he was doomed to further disappointment. They did not come up, + neither did they attack. The rebel General soon took in the whole + situation. He put his artillery in battery on a hill to the right of our + refused line, so as to concentrate his fire on the flank of our batteries + and force them to change position. This being done he opened some eighteen + guns. This forced a change in the position of our batteries, and there and + then commenced, one of the most destructive artillery duels that was ever + witnessed. Battery horses were killed on both sides, gunners blown to + pieces by shell, officers and men mangled, Gen. Mosely, on the rebel side, + had his head shot off, and a Colonel and two Captains were blown to pieces + on our side. While this duel was going on the rebel General was reforming + his men for another infantry attack on our left. At this moment Gen. Pike + said to Gen. Lyon: + </p> + <p> + "'General, I hear guns over to our left.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Lyon listened, and answered: + </p> + <p> + "'Well, General, I believe you are correct. I think I heard a gun.' + </p> + <p> + "Pike then believed that Fitzgibbon had made an attack, and would compel + the enemy to withdraw their forces directly on our left. But he was + mistaken. No attack was made except the one by the rebels. Very soon + afterwards they had completed their line, and, knowing the value of a + flank attack, again assaulted in the same manner as before. They came this + time with more caution than before, but with a stronger force. They opened + fire on both sides about the same time. The battle was now renewed all + along the line—cavalry, infantry and artillery. The Unes wavered + occasionally on both sides. The left of our line gave way at first, but + rallied again. Gen. Lyon rode up and down his line, cheering his men. He + led them again and again against the seeming adamantine wall of rebels, + and finally forced them back slowly, holding all the ground gained. By + this time our center was penetrated and broken. Our troops could not be + rallied for some time. The rebels seeing our confusion took advantage of + it, and with the intrepidity of so many demons made another attack on all + parts of the line and forced our whole line some distance to the rear. It + looked for an hour as though all was lost. At one time our lines seemed to + be melting away and becoming disorganized. They were rallied again, + however, and formed a new line about a mile in the rear of our first. Both + armies were exhausted. Fresh troops then to our aid would have settled the + fortunes of the day in our favor But they did not come. Gen. Pike thought + that whoever made the first attack would be successful, and ordered our + line forward. They moved cautiously, but steadily, attacking and driving + the enemy back. He kept falling back until he occupied his first line and + we ours. Our left, however, was soon struck by a division of fresh troops, + and was driven back some distance through the woods with great loss. My + dear son, Gen. Lyon, here, while rallying his men, was shot through the + heart and instantly killed." + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0012" id="linkimage-0012"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0142.jpg" width="100%" alt="Death of General Lyon 142 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The old man wept bitterly, and many tears rolled down the cheeks of his + listeners. When he could resume he said: + </p> + <p> + "If Fitzgibbon had attacked as was expected, our flank could not have been + turned, and the great slaughter that occurred on this part of the line + would have been avoided. Night here closed the day's slaughter with our + left completely turned and our troops demoralized. They passed the night + on their arms. The next morning at daylight the attack was resumed by the + rebels and our army was beaten. Gens. Stepleton and Kearnan fell on that + day, with many other brave officers and men. No battle lost during the war + fell with more crushing effect upon the loyal people than did the defeat + of the Army of the East at the battle of Pageland. The battle was lost by + the failure of Farlin and Fitzgibbon to support Gen. Pike. They did just + what the President and Secretary of War feared they would do—that + was, fail in supporting Pike, the new commander. Their idea was to dictate + the commander or not fight. One would think that men who had fed upon the + charity of the Government from youth to middle age would be inspired by a + more lofty feeling and sentiment. But this is a mistake. You cannot infuse + patriotism by drilling at a college or in the field. This comes from the + nursery of the mother. Nor can you put brains, commonsense or courage + where God has refused it. The question with these men was, 'Do you belong + to a certain chosen few?' If so, that was put above every other + consideration. A volunteer, no matter how much he might develop a genius + for military affairs, could have no recognition at their hands. + </p> + <p> + "The fact that Julius Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte were great generals + without military training except in the field proved nothing. If men like + those who first commanded our army in the East, and who formed the + coterie, had lived during the Revolutionary War, Washington and the best + of his generals would not have been permitted to have commanded a brigade, + if these men could have controlled as they did at the outbreak of the + rebellion. The same feeling has grown among our people since the war, + until the brains of a man cuts but little figure in matters connected with + governmental affairs. He must belong to one of two classes: either a snob + or one who has made a fortune. No matter whether he made it selling rotten + blankets to the Government, worthless arms for the soldiers, bad meat, + diseased horses, small mules, rotten and poorly-put-together harness, or + procured his money in some other way—if he has it, the conclusion is + at once that he is a great man and full of wisdom. These things are + unfortunate in a government like ours. But this is the tendency, and has + been for many years. Dash and swell is the motto now; it is growing more + in that direction every day. But I have wandered away from my subject. The + battlefield of Pageland and its surroundings was a sight to behold the day + after our defeat. The private soldiers felt outraged and officers were + discouraged, and many good people despaired of our final success. Even the + President was more despondent than he had ever been, but still had faith + in God and our cause. The losses on both sides were very great. The + country all around was by both sides turned into a great hospital. The + army was almost disorganized; it certainly was most thoroughly + demoralized. Gen. Pike was relieved, and McGregor put in command again. + Fitzgibbon was sent to the rear without a command. Farlin was everywhere + by every friend of his country severely censured. Fitzgibbon was denounced + as a traitor to his superior officer. + </p> + <p> + "The mournful part to myself and family had only in part come upon us. Dr. + James Lyon, having cut one of his hands in making an amputation, feared + bad results from the wound; for that reason he procured a leave of + absence, and accompanied the remains of his brother David home. I will not + attempt to describe to you the depth of grief in our family, from the + oldest to the youngest. It was greater than I now wish to recall, even + though so many years have passed since that melancholy scene. Suffice it + to say that Gen. David Lyon fills the grave of as gallant and noble a + soldier as ever drew a sword. He rests beside his wife and little daughter + Sarah in the cemetery at Allentown." + </p> + <p> + "The old man, overcome by this recital, could not speak for some time, but + finally continued: + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson was very sad. Dr. James was very restless with his hand, + which had commenced swelling and was becoming extremely painful. My wife + Sarah and Jennie (David's widow) were stricken down with fever, requiring + the constant attendance of Mary Anderson and Aunt Martha for many days + before their recovery was assured. In the meantime Peter arrived, the + wound in his foot having broken out again. When he came to his mother's + bedside she said: + </p> + <p> + "'O! Peter, my son, that horrible dream haunts me still.' + </p> + <p> + "This dream from the first had a very depressing effect upon Peter, though + he pretended to think nothing of it. We now commenced casting about to see + if there was any way to have Henry exchanged. He being merely a private + soldier, this was not so easy of accomplishment, as if he had been an + officer. During the evening, while we were engaged in conversation in the + parlor, Aunt Martha came in and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Uncle Daniel, dar's a young lady on de porch who wants to see you very + bad, she say, on mos' obticlar bizness.' + </p> + <p> + "'Tell her to come in,' was my answer. + </p> + <p> + "In a moment a very modest and rather pretty young lady walked in. She was + evidently greatly embarrassed. I arose, and extending my hand asked her to + be seated. She sat down for a moment, and then hesitatingly said: + </p> + <p> + "'Your wife is unwell, I understand, Mr. Lyon?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' I replied; 'very unwell. She has had a great sorrow recently.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sir; so I understand. I very much desired to see her, but will not + annoy her at this time. I had a matter about which I wished to speak with + her. You know, women give their confidence to one another; but I hope you + will allow me to give mine to you, as your wife is sick?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, my good girl; you can say what you wish to me.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Mr. Lyon'—she then hesitated. + </p> + <p> + "'I encouraged her to proceed. + </p> + <p> + "'Well, I am on my way South, and I wish your good offices in getting + through the lines.' + </p> + <p> + "'How can I assist you, my child?' + </p> + <p> + "'I hear, sir, that you are a great friend of the President, and I thought + perhaps you might intercede for me.' + </p> + <p> + "'May I inquire for what purpose you wish to go South? Do your people live + there?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir; I live in Michigan. I was never farther South than this place, + and this is my first visit here. My name is Seraine Whitcomb. I am going + South to see what I can do to have a young man exchanged who is now a + prisoner in the hands of the rebels. + </p> + <p> + "'Is he your brother?' I inquired. + </p> + <p> + "She blushed, and replied: + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir, he is not a relative; but one in whom I am much interested.' + </p> + <p> + "I saw through the whole matter at once, but did not press the young lady + further. If I had only known whom she meant I would have embraced her as + the greatest little heroine living. She said she only wished a letter from + me to the President; that she would do the rest herself. This letter I + gave her without further questions. She was so modest and yet so brave. + She took the letter, bade me good-by, and left. As she went out she + remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'Do not be surprised if you should receive a letter from me at some + future time.' + </p> + <p> + "After she had gone Peter remarked that perhaps she was sent down South by + the Golden Circle, and I might be bestowing favors on the wrong person. I + said, 'True, but I will take my chances on that girl's being honest, and, + not only honest, but a regular little heroine.' + </p> + <p> + "Here the conversation on this subject came to an end, and we took up the + condition of the army. Peter said the jealousies between officers in the + Army of the East were strange; that there was nothing of this kind among + the Western troops; that all seemed to have the same common purpose, and + that was success; but, said he, it may be partly accounted for in this, + that we are all alike unskilled in the arts of war, and do not know enough + to get up these conspiracies and jealousies. We are all volunteers, save + two or three, and all obey orders, and go into a battle to win, each one + believing he is doing the best fighting. It seems that at the battle of + Pageland the only object of some of the leading commanders was to find + some way to lose the battle and at the same time save their own scalps. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson said: + </p> + <p> + "'Well, I do not know how I may succeed as a commander; but I will have + the courage to relieve any man, and send him to the rear, of whom I may + have the least suspicion, whether it be for cowardice, want of good + intentions toward the Government, good faith toward his superior officer, + or for any other cause that might give uneasiness about his properly + performing his duty.' + </p> + <p> + "'That would seem to me to be the proper course for any commander of + forces,' I replied." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel," said Dr. Adams, "I am curious to know what became of those + two generals—Farlin and Fitzgibbon." + </p> + <p> + "Well, sir, the same power that is now rewarding those who struck us the + heaviest blows, both North and South, is paying homage to these men. They + are both held in high esteem by many people, and you would think they were + the only loyal men that were near the battlefield on that day." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush; "to have lost an arm or leg on the Union side is + like the brand of Cain nowadays; but to have been a rebel or to have + belonged to the Golden Circle, or failed in some way by which the rebels + profited or gained advantage, entitles one to a medal or some high + position of honor and emolument." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0009" id="link2HCH0009"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER IX. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF ANTLER'S RUN—SERAINE WHITCOMB LEAVES FOR THE + SOUTH—PLOTTING IN CANADA—DISCOVERY OF A CONSPIRACY AMONG + ARMY OFFICERS. + + "Yesterday was heard, + The roar of war; and sad the sight of maid, + Of mother, widow, sister, daughter, wife, + Stooping and weeping over senseless, cold, + Defaced, and mangled lumps of breathless earth, + Which had been husbands, fathers, brothers, sons, + And lovers, when that morning's sun arose. + —Pollock. +</pre> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson, Peter and myself concluded that we would again visit the + farm. There we found poor old Joseph Dent in utter despair on account of + his 'poor Captain' (as he called David) having been killed. He talked of + him in the most enthusiastic manner, and would then weep, saying 'the only + friend I had is gone, and I will not be satisfied until I can get even + with these rebels.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson said: 'Well, Joseph, what will you do?' + </p> + <p> + "Joseph was silent; as an old soldier he knew how to keep his thoughts to + himself. + </p> + <p> + "'Will you go to the war?' continued the General. + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir; I will stay here and take care of this farm for Mrs. Lyon and + little Jennie. They shall not suffer while I am able to look after them.' + </p> + <p> + "Old Ham thought he had a point, and said: 'Dat's good; dat's jes' what I + 'tend to do when Massa Tom git killed. Jes'so.' + </p> + <p> + "'Shut up, Ham. Your Massa Tom, as you call him, is not going to get + killed. There have been enough of the Lyon family killed already,' said + Peter. + </p> + <p> + "'Dat's so, Massa Peter. I not got dat in my kalkerlate, you see; but I + tell you I is monstrous feered 'bout dese matters; deys is heaps of people + gittin' killed, and most of dem is good peoples, so dey is. Can't tell who + nex', massa; can't tell, sah!' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Joseph, there will be no trouble about your staying. We want you + here on the farm,' I said. 'We are all very much distressed, but, at the + same time, we must look out for our country somewhat; and our family all + being in the army, of course we must expect some misfortunes. Have you + heard any more of the Golden Circle in this neighborhood?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, Uncle Daniel; they are at work, and since the defeat of our forces + at the battle of Pageland, they are outspoken about what they intend to + do; not only in aid of the rebellion, but they threaten the Union people + here at home—threaten to destroy their property, and make war in + Indiana if it becomes necessary, just as you have heretofore understood. I + am keeping close watch, and they will not be able to do any very great + harm here without my knowing it.' + </p> + <p> + "We cautioned Joseph, and told him to come in to our house frequently and + let us know what was going on. + </p> + <p> + "On returning home we found Aunt Sarah and Jennie much improved, but Dr. + James was suffering very great pain. The swelling was extending up his arm + from his hand. I said to him perhaps we had better have a physician. 'You + are suffering so much that I fear you are not in a condition to attend to + your own case.' He consented, and one was called in. On examination he + pronounced the trouble blood poisoning. James was greatly alarmed at this. + The physician commenced at once with the most radical treatment. The next + morning James seemed much easier, and looked as if he was coming out of it + all right. + </p> + <p> + "The next day, while we were sitting on the porch, the postman brought me + a letter, written in a delicate female hand. I read it and then called + Gen. Anderson and Peter to listen: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + "Washington, D. C. + + "My Dear Mr. Lyon, Allentown, Ind.: + + "Thanks for your very great kindness. I have the President's + pass through onr lines; when you hear from me again, I will + let you know about your son Henry. + + "Very respectfully, + + "SERAINE WHITCOMB." +</pre> + <p> + "'Well, well,' said Peter; 'that tells a tale. Now, father, I agree with + you. She is a brave girl; there is not more than one in a thousand like + her.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; but what does she mean by saying I will hear from my son?' + </p> + <p> + "'It will reveal itself,' said Peter. 'She is in love with Henry, and has + gone to look after him.' + </p> + <p> + "'Do you think so?' I inquired. 'Well, I do sincerely hope so.' + </p> + <p> + "Just then we saw Jackson coming. He came in, and after salutations and + greetings between us, he entered the house to see his mother, the Doctor, + and Jennie. He was much broken down over the death of his brother. The + news of the battle and the list of the dead in the papers having contained + David's name, he hastened home. He had, however, been very successful in + laying the foundation for probing many things which might be of vast + importance in the future. + </p> + <p> + "When he left home he first went to New York and had an interview with + McMasters and B. Wudd, who were the leading spirits in New York, and one + of them the principal man North in starting the organization. From these + men he learned much about what was going on in Canada; the fact that there + was no doubt that quite a number of Southern men were there with a large + amount of money with which to carry out any scheme that might be agreed + upon. These men in New York were in constant communication with those in + Canada; also, with leading men in Richmond. He managed to obtain a letter + of introduction from McMasters to the leading Knights of the Golden Circle + in Canada; this letter introduced him as William Jackson, of Memphis, + Tenn., and was directed to the Hon. Jacob Thomlinson. With this letter and + the information he had now obtained, he made his way home, feeling that he + could not undertake the further prosecution of his mission without + returning and consoling his mother and the family as much as he possibly + could in their distress. Knowing his mother's feeble condition he feared + the consequences of the heavy affliction that had fallen upon her during + the battle of Pageland—with one son a prisoner and another killed + outright. + </p> + <p> + "I wrote the President, and promised that later on I would have the Canada + mystery solved. Our people were in desperate straits. Our army had been + outnumbered and forced back to the position in front of Pageland; defeated + there, and forced to shelter itself in the rear of Cow Creek. It was now + broken and shattered, lying in defenses near the Capital, discouraged and + worn down by fatigue, wounds and disease. The outlook was anything but + bright. Commanders had been changed. Some of our best fighting generals + had lost their lives at Pageland. The country had but little confidence in + the staying or fighting qualities of the commander, Gen. McGregor, as he + had made no success heretofore. The rebel commander, well understanding + the situation, was moving rapidly up and along the south line of the Grand + River, evidently intending an invasion of the loyal States by penetrating + our lines and crossing at or near Brown's Ferry. Our lines were held at + this point by Gen. Milo, having in his command 10,000 men, who were all + surrendered at the demand of Gen. Wall without very much resistance. Wall + had slipped through the mountains like a cat, and was upon Milo before he + knew of his approach. This was very strange though, and hard to + understand, and only increased the fears and suspicions already existing + that something was out of joint, so that the machinery was working badly + in that army. + </p> + <p> + "'The enemy now had no impediment in the way of a rapid movement except + high waters, which seemed to interpose as the only power that could stop + their advance into the interior of our country and to the rear of our + capital, cutting off all communications to the North with the loyal + States. + </p> + <p> + "The administration was now in a position of great danger, in many + respects, not before contemplated. + </p> + <p> + "The rebel sympathizers and Golden Circles were loud in their denunciation + of the war and the party sustaining it. Thos. A. Strider and Dan Bowen + were traversing the state of Indiana, making inflammatory speeches, and + all over the North the same policy was being pursued by the anti-war + party. They alarmed the people by declaring that unless the war was + stopped our homes North would be invaded; that our armies could not cope + with the rebels. The only thing that seemed to put a check to their hopes, + operations and denunciations was the fact that our armies in the West were + having a continuation of victories. + </p> + <p> + "This being the situation of the armies and the condition of the minds of + the people, the loss of another great battle at this time would have + greatly prolonged the war, if it would not have been fatal to the ultimate + success of the Union cause. The authorities at Washington were doing + everything in their power to allay the excitement among the people, and at + the same time were trying to have the Army of the East put in motion so as + to pass down to Pottstown and interpose in front of the enemy; he + evidently intending to move by way of Brown's Ferry, throwing part of his + force on the Brown's Ferry road and a portion over into the Sheepstown + road, making a junction at or near Shapleyville. The Union forces were + expected to move across by Fardenburg, down the sloping mountains of + Cochineal and along and across Mad Valley to Pottstown, and take position + behind Antler's Run. But it seemed to be almost impossible to get Gen. + McGregor to put his army in motion. Many were the excuses made; want of + this thing to-day, and something else to-morrow—shoes, clothing, + blankets, and many other things—protracted the delay. Finally, the + President and Secretary of War being out of patience with his hesitancy + and excuses, the President directed the Secretary of War to order Gen. + McGregor to move without further delay. This seemed to be understood by + McGregor, and the next day everything about the camps was in a bustle, and + the Army of the East was again in motion; but the movements were slow, and + made in such a manner as not to inspire very great confidence in our + immediate success. The men and subordinate officers seemed resolute and + determined, but there was something surrounding all the movements that was + mysterious. + </p> + <p> + "The papers were full of all the movements, and were discussing the + probabilities, etc. Seeing this Gen. Anderson was fired with a desire to + at once return to the front. On account of his very weak and feeble + condition we tried to detain him, but in vain. + </p> + <p> + "He said: 'No, I am going to the front, and I wish to go to the East. Will + you ask by telegraph for such an assignment for me?' + </p> + <p> + "I answered that I would, and did so immediately. + </p> + <p> + "The next day he received a telegram from the Secretary of War, directing + him to report to Gen. McGregor for assignment to duty. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson said to Capt. Jackson: 'Your invasion of Canada will be + postponed until later. You will be ready to start in the morning with me + to the Army of the East.' + </p> + <p> + "He called old Ham, and repeated the order to him to be in readiness. + </p> + <p> + "Ham said: 'Afore de Lord, Massa Tom, you isn't gwine to be fitin' agin, + is you?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes! You get ready. Have your bedding and all your traps ready, if you + think you can stand to be shot at by the rebels.' + </p> + <p> + "'Shot at! Is you gwine to put me out to be snot at? Me done thought thar + war 'nuff white folks to get shotten at, widout de poor darkies like me.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; but you want to be free, do you not, Ham?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yeas; Massa Tom, I wants dat—I wants it bad; but how is gwine to + come?' + </p> + <p> + "'Fight for it. You are no better than I am, are you? Had you not as well + be shot as for me to be?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yeas, sir; dat am so. 'Specks de darkies got to fight. I'll fight, Massa + Tom, if you say so. Yes, I do. I stay wid you, I will sho'.' + </p> + <p> + "Old Martha happened to hear this, and broke forth: + </p> + <p> + "'Well, well, Massa Tom, I's sorry you is gwine to de wah agin. But it all + right. I tells you dat de good Laud save you up for some good. I jes' know + he do it all right. I take care of Missus Mary and de little gal; don't + you hab no fears 'bout dem. But you isn't gwine to hab Ham go, is you? If + you doz, dat ole fool he git kill. I 'spect he got no mo' sense dan jes' + git rite in whar dey is fitin?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, no, Marfa; you is wrong dar. I tell you dat you is. I stay by Massa + Tom.' + </p> + <p> + "Peter and Jackson laughed, and said to the General: + </p> + <p> + "'Ham thinks you will be in a safe place during the fighting.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, he seems to be of that impression. I think I may, perhaps, relieve + his mind somewhat,' said the General, with a smile. + </p> + <p> + "The General telegraphed Capt. Day at Dolensburg to report at once to him + at Gen. McGregor's Headquarters, Army of the East. The preliminaries being + arranged, all were to be ready early the next morning. The General and + Capt. Jackson having arranged and got ready their proper uniforms, horses, + mess-chest and everything that would be required in the field, they spent + the evening quietly. The Doctor was very sleepless, and suffered more than + usual, but was thought not to be in any immediate danger. My wife and + Jennie were now also quite recovered. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning, the General having procured a car for their horses, + camp equipage, etc., they took leave of the family, who were in tears, the + two little girls, Mary and Jennie, crying aloud. As the General, Capt. + Jackson and Ham walked away, Aunt Martha called after Ham: + </p> + <p> + "'Now, Ham, ef you eber spects to see me agin, don't you forgit your + prares ob a night, and de good Laud will fotch you back ef you do dat; but + He let you git kill like a cat when you done forget it. Do you mine me, + Ham?' + </p> + <p> + "Turning to me, she continued: 'I 'spect de rebs git dat darky,' then + going to the kitchen she gave vent to her grief. The poor old woman felt + as badly to part with her Ham as did Mary in parting from her General, but + gave expression to it in her own simple way. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0013" id="linkimage-0013"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0154.jpg" width="100%" + alt="General Anderson Taking Command 154 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The General, Jackson and Ham arrived safely at the headquarters of Gen. + McGregor, which were in the valley to the north and east of Cochineal + Mountains. His commands of infantry and artillery were variously located + on the mountains and in the valley, with his cavalry at Pottstown. It so + happened that one of the division commanders had been taken seriously ill, + and was sent to the rear. This gave an opportunity for Gen. Anderson to be + placed in command of a good division at once. To Anderson's great delight + Gen. McGregor ordered him to take command of this division. Having + reported, he sent immediately for all the commanding officers of the + division and made their acquaintance. He was greatly pleased with them and + they with him. He learned all he could in so short a time about the + troops, and at once took measures to put them in good condition. In a few + days Capt. James Day reported, and the General's military family was + organized, he having taken an Adjutant-General from the command. + </p> + <p> + "The army was now being rapidly put in good shape; a complete + re-organization was being effected, and all were feeling less discouraged. + They seemed to well understand that there was to be a great battle fought, + and the imperative necessity for a victory by our forces East at this + particular time. + </p> + <p> + "The enemy found means by which to pass the obstructions in his way, and + moved through the country in different directions. Finding that the + movements of our army were slow, he seemed to feel that there was no + immediate danger of a serious engagement. But the surrender of our forces + under Gen. Milo (who died immediately afterwards) so elated the rebel army + that they were determined to attack our forces whenever and wherever + opportunity offered. Both parties were, however, maneuvering for some + advantage; the General of the rebel forces holding McGregor off until his + force under Wall could come up from Brown's Ferry. The cavalry of both + armies were now scouting continuously for many miles on the flanks of the + armies. The pickets were out quite a distance in advance of the opposing + forces. No conflict had yet occurred between any of the outposts. Finally + the commander of the rebel forces selected his position and gave challenge + to our forces, with his rear to the Grand River, covering two main roads + leading to the rear, his front facing the winding course of Antler's Run, + his right resting on a bridge at the main crossing, his center occupying a + ridge commanding the open fields in his front, the right of his left and + right center resting on the junction of the two main roads, his extreme + left refused so as to form an angle at his left center, extending along + and through a skirt of heavy woods; his reserves to the rear on the roads, + so as to be thrown easily to the center or either flank in case of + necessity; the country to his front, right and left being very uneven, + full of gulches and ravines, difficult of passage, especially under fire. + So posted he flaunted the rebel flag in the face of our army, although at + this time his main support had not arrived from Brown's Ferry. But no + doubt existed in his mind, I presume, as to their coming up in good time. + McGregor did not then seem inclined to accept the challenge, His command + was moving slowly. Farlin, still in command of a corps (for shame be it + ever to our indulgent chiefs), was some distance away and did not arrive + on that day. So the armies rested. In the meantime Gen. Anderson was eager + for the fray. He visited Gen. McGregor's headquarters and indicated his + desire to bring on the engagement, saying very soon the enemy would be so + securely posted that it would be exceedingly difficult to dislodge him. To + this McGregor replied that he could not risk a battle without Farlin's + forces being up and in readiness to support our line. + </p> + <p> + "During the night Farlin came up. A battle must then and there be fought. + The whole country stood with bated breath awaiting the result, as all + understood that the rebels must be driven back on what they claimed as + their own ground, or our country was in imminent danger of becoming + demoralized should they see the battlefields changed to the North. + </p> + <p> + "When the morning came, the commands being in readiness, the movement of + our forces commenced. It was soon discovered that the main crossing of + Antler's Run was held by a strong force of the enemy, which compelled our + troops to seek for some other and less dangerous passage. This was found + to our right, facing the left of the enemy. His left being refused gave a + safer passage over the stream. The plan of battle was to throw Gen. Horn's + Corps at the upper crossing, assail the rebel left and, if successful, to + cross the left of our forces, under Gen. Broomfield, by assaulting the + enemy at the lower crossing, and if he could be driven from there, to + cross and assault his right, his center being too strongly posted to risk + an attack on it then. (Gen. Anderson had been assigned with his division + to Gen. Horn's Corps.) The crossing over on our right was effected without + much difficulty, and the enemy pressed back in the heavy woods. The enemy + were evidently holding and waiting, as no general engagement ensued. + Another corps crossed in the rear of Gen. Horn's and formed ready to + assault. Our left had not as yet been able to cross in front of the + enemy's right, and in this position we found ourselves,—part of our + army on the one side and part on the other of Antler's Run, in front of + the enemy; thus the two armies rested that night. Our intention being thus + revealed to the enemy, he had only to wait the attack, which they must + have concluded would be commenced at an early hour in the morning. The + night was most beautiful; the vault of heaven being studded with stars, so + that either army was in plain view of the other, at no very great distance + separated. During the night another of our corps crossed the Run at the + same crossing that Gen. Horn had passed over in the morning, and moved + down to the left and in front of the rebel center. Occasionally the + movement of this corps would be responded to with a few musket shots and a + few shells from a battery posted on the ridge in the rebel center. At an + early hour in the morning the Union forces took the initiative and hurled + Horn's Corps against the rebels' extreme left. The struggle was a severe + one—re-enforcements could not well be sent to the rebel left for + fear of the movement being now made against their right. The battle on the + left was at full height, and the lines swayed to and fro. Gen. Anderson + made a movement around a skirt of woods near a chapel, and charged the + enemy's lines, with sword drawn, leading his men in person. The assault + was of such an impetuous character as to send dismay into the ranks of the + enemy, and they gave way in confusion. Gen. Horn, however, advanced his + left and center farther to the front than should have been done without + other troops being in position to sustain the movement, and the rebel + center, with their left reformed behind the woods, fell upon Horn's left + and center with great energy and determination. The two columns now + engaged with dauntless courage on both sides. The combatants, equal in + mettle, faced each other in open field at very close range; each holding + his ground until it appeared as though none would be left alive on either + side. Neither line wavered, and it seemed as though the contest would only + be determined by a complete demolition of the two forces. Gen. Horn fell, + mortally wounded, and the command fell upon Gen. Simmons, who was killed + soon after taking command. At this time the killed and wounded of the + superior officers were such that it left Gen. Anderson the ranking General + of the corps. He at once assumed command, and could everywhere be seen + giving his orders and encouraging his men to stand. This they did until + the slaughter on both sides became a shocking sight to behold. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Hughes and Gen. Baily had fallen on the rebel side. The batteries + from our side were playing from a hill on the east side of Antler's Run, + pouring a galling enfilading fire into the rebel Une. Thus these lines + stood amid death and desolation in their ranks until the men themselves on + both sides, in order to stop the cruel slaughter of comrades, with one + accord ceased firing, and the officers sat on their horses looking at each + other as their forces slowly retired each to his rear. At this time, if + Gen. Far-lin had moved forward the day would have been won without further + slaughter. Gen. Anderson repeatedly sent word to him that if he would + attack the enemy he could be routed, as their left was almost destroyed; + but he did not assault at the opportune moment. + </p> + <p> + "It was then seen that nothing more than skirmishing had been going on + between the forces on the Union left and the rebel right. Gen. Broomfield + had not succeeded in crossing the run, and was held at bay by a small + force, thus enabling the rebel commander, after discovering this hesitancy + on our left, to concentrate on his left and center for the purpose of + renewing the conflict. His re-enforcements had now arrived from Brown's + Ferry, and he was eager to make an assault, being now satisfied that he + should take the aggressive. Our batteries had crossed the run, and were + supported on elevated ground by sufficient infantry, as we thought, for + their safety. The rebel forces moved from their cover behind the woods, + and were advancing to the crest of the ridge that ran across the open + field from north to south, the best position to occupy for vantage ground. + Gen. Anderson seeing this, determined to meet the attack and contest for + this ground. Both forces were now in motion, each determined the other + should not occupy this ridge. Orders were given to Gen. Broomfleld to + cross the run at once and attack the enemy's right. Gen. Mausker was + ordered to move on the left of Gen. Horn's Corps, now under Gen. Anderson, + and attack at once; Farlin being in reserve, perhaps, because he could not + be got anywhere else. + </p> + <p> + "The artillery was all across the run and ready for action. The cavalry + had crossed some miles above and to the north, and were ordered to charge + the enemy in the flank as soon as the engagement should be renewed. So on + came the troops of both armies, and when in close range, the firing + commenced again on our right and the rebel left, it continued all down the + line until all were engaged. The firing was terrible and most destructive. + Our batteries opened, and on in full charge came our cavalry. The rebel + infantry on the left prepared to receive the cavalry, kneeling on one knee + with fixed bayonets. What a charge that was, and what a slaughter! On came + the cavalry; on, on to the bayonet came horse and man. Clash against + bayonet came saber. Many the horse and man went on and over the bayonet in + that charge. Part of the cavalry halted and hesitated, some retiring to + the rear. Many an infantryman that did the same. Infantry and cavalrymen + were piled together in the long slumber of death. At last our cavalry had + to retire. While this tragedy was being enacted, the infantry on the + right, left and centre were also playing the role of death. Column after + column were hurled against each other, only to be repulsed. Our two corps + first drove the enemy back and occupied the ridge, and for awhile held + this advantage, until the whole rebel army, save a skirmish-line, was + withdrawn from the right and center, and concentrated on and against our + right. It looked as though the contest was now to be continued only on + this part of the line. Farlin was now in line on the left of Mausker. Many + of the enemy's troops were thrown in at this point who, not having been + engaged, were comparatively fresh. Their column was formed in two lines. + On and against our lines in quick succession they were thrown. Another + great slaughter then commenced and continued, line facing line in open + field. Gaps were made by falling men. The command on both sides could be + heard, 'Close up!' Never did men stand more courageously amid slaughter + and death. Gen. Anderson rode to the line and along its full length, sword + in hand, with a large white plume in his hat, that his men might recognize + him. Artillery roared and musketry rattled as if they were the hail and + thunder from a hundred clouds. Groans and shrieks were heard. The ground + was strewn with the dead and dying. As the lines finally gave way, the + spot could be designated by rows of the dead. Our line was now distended + and no reserves. The rebels were again re-enforced, Their dash and + desperation broke our center, and Farlin fell back. Gen. Mausker now fell, + shot through the head. His corps became demoralized and fell back in + fragments. Gen. Anderson tried to rally the lines, but could not, and was + compelled to fall back to the rear, where the artillery was posted. The + situation at this time was most critical. The General in command was + desperate. To lose this battle was his disgrace, having more troops than + the enemy, as it would also probably in a measure seal the fate of his + whole army. He at once gave Broomfield an imperative order to cross the + run at the point of the bayonet, and to advance upon and assault the + enemy's position, being his extreme right. This was done in good style, + the enemy driven at the point of the bayonet from the crossing and from + his position on his right. The contest was now changed from the enemy's + left to his right. Troops were thrown in on his right quickly, and the + battle became desperate on this end of the line. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson, discovering this, without orders rallied his men and all + others that he could, and made a furious attack again on the enemy's left, + driving him from the open field into the woods. He then ordered the + artillery to advance to the ridge occupied by our line, and from there + poured shot and shell into their ranks. The enemy became demoralized and + broke in many parts of his line, ours still advancing and Gen. Anderson + moving his artillery to the front as he could get position for it. The + enemy on their left commenced a retreat down the Sheepstown road in great + disorder. The batteries poured their deadly missiles after them, doing + great damage. Gen. Anderson pressed forward, believing that their army + could now in a great measure be destroyed before they could get back to a + strong defensive position for protection. Many prisoners were now being + captured. Gen. Broomfleld was following upon the Brown's Ferry road, when + darkness set in. An order was now received from Gen. McGregor to desist + from any further pursuit for the present. Gen. Anderson put his troops in + position for the night, and ordered up stores and supplies for their + comfort and made all necessary arrangements for an early movement in + pursuit of the enemy the next morning. After attending to these matters he + left Capt. Jackson Lyon and Capt. Bay, both of whom had been by the side + of the General during this terrible battle. The General with an Orderly + retired to the headquarters of the commanding General, which he found in a + small farmhouse some two miles to the east side of Antler's Run. When he + arrived he was welcomed very heartily and highly complimented by Gen. + McGregor. + </p> + <p> + "The General said: + </p> + <p> + "'Anderson, we will not attempt to follow these rebels. Our army is worn + out and so terribly damaged and demoralized that it would not do to risk + another assault, should the enemy make a stand, inasmuch as they would + have an advantageous position, which they certainly will, as they can + select where they will fight if we pursue.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Gen. Anderson; 'but, General, could we not press them so + close and worry them so as to keep them on the run, and virtually destroy + them before they can get back to their own ground? You know that while our + army is terribly mangled, the enemy is certainly in no better condition.' + </p> + <p> + "'That is true,' said Gen. McGregor; 'but I never have, nor will I ever + fight my army when in bad condition. But we will not discuss the matter + any further now. You will stay and get a bite to eat and take some rest, + but before doing that take a glass of wine.' + </p> + <p> + "'Thanks, General; I think I would enjoy a glass about this time.' + </p> + <p> + "After taking a glass together they sat down and had quite a conversation + on the events of the day. The house being very comfortably furnished with + beds and cots, Gen. McGregor said to Gen. Anderson, 'Lie down and rest + while the servants are preparing the supper.' + </p> + <p> + "The General did so, and dropped off to sleep. Soon some general officers + came in and were seated at a table, imbibing rather freely. The noise they + were making aroused the General from his slumbers. He recognized Farlin; + to the others he was afterwards introduced, being Gen. Bowlly Smite and + Gen. William Cross. The General did not rise, nor did he, by any means, + exhibit any knowledge of their presence. + </p> + <p> + "In the conversation between these three Generals they were discussing the + probable success of the war and the course of the Administration. + </p> + <p> + "Farlin said: 'I am very decidedly of the opinion that this war will last + for ten years, and finally the South will gain their independence. The + North will tire out, and the property-holders will get tired of paying + taxes. This war is very expensive, and the debt will eventually alarm the + country, so that they will be ready to accede to anything.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0014" id="linkimage-0014"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0162.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Anderson Overhears the Conspiracy 162 " /> + </div> + <p> + "Said Smite: 'Well; but what will become of everything? This Government is + not strong enough to stand this strain. It has not power, except it be + usurped, to prosecute the war against these Southern States. I do not + believe in a Republic anyway. We ought to have a government of central + force and power—a military government, or a monarchy, such as + England. Suppose we had such a government as that. We would not be + afflicted every now and then with new commanders that we who make + soldiering our profession know nothing and care nothing about, and cannot + allow to be placed over us when we can avoid it.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well; but,' said Cross, 'what can we do? That is what we should think + about. For instance, here, to-day, we have won a great battle. It is not + likely that either of us will be put in command of anything higher than a + corps. The command of the different armies will be given to some of those + pets who want to free the niggers; and I was told the other day in + Washington by Mr. Thos. A. Strider, who is one of the ablest men in this + country, that this Abolition President was going to try to set the slaves + free and thereby impoverish the South, so as to force them to lay down + their arms. He said that if this was done he would not be surprised if + Indiana would rise up in revolt. + </p> + <p> + "'If that be true, I will leave the army myself, said Smite.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, you are wrong,' said Cross. 'If this is the intention of the + Administration, we ought to organize the army on a better basis than it + now is, have McGregor relieve every one who is not his friend; and let us + urge him to march upon the Capital and there we can install him Dictator, + recognize the South's independence, with the understanding that they in + turn will send their army to the front near to us, so as to sustain him. + We could seize all armories, arsenals and war materials. The people would + then be powerless. England would at once recognize the South, and if we + can maintain ourselves six months, which we can easily do, the whole of + Europe would recognize our government.' + </p> + <p> + "'Just at this moment Gen. McGregor entered the room and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Gentlemen, I hope you have been enjoying yourselves. I have been out to + my Adjutant-General's office, dictating my orders for to-morrow. I hope + you have helped yourselves to my sherry and champagne. I had quite a good + lot of it brought on, not knowing how long this campaign might last.' + </p> + <p> + "Farlin said:'General, I would think that the campaign for the present is + almost over; our troops are in no condition for further offensive + operations.' + </p> + <p> + "'Do you think so?' said Gen. McGregor. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; most assuredly.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' added Smite; 'we are in no hurry; this war cannot be rushed + through; and if this Administration is going to do what I understand it + is, there are some of us who will not submit.' + </p> + <p> + "'What is that?' inquired McGregor. + </p> + <p> + "'Free the negroes. We will not stand that. We want you to be up and + dressed. We will put you in place of the Administration, and have the + country governed properly, make peace with the South and stop the war.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. McGregor here put his finger to his lips, indicating silence on + their part; and looking in the direction of the bed on which Gen. Anderson + was resting, all became silent on this subject, and commenced speaking of + the quality of the wine. Very soon supper was announced, and the messenger + was told to call Gen. Anderson. The General, turning over and groaning as + if awakening from a deep sleep, arose, and addressing Gen. McGregor, said: + </p> + <p> + "'General, I would have slept till morning, without intermission, had I + not been called.' + </p> + <p> + "'He was then introduced to Generals Cross and Smite, and all repaired to + their elegant meal, and there discussed the occurrences of the day, the + merits of the several officers who had fallen, etc. + </p> + <p> + "When supper was over, which continued quite late, Gen. Anderson repaired + to his own headquarters, which had been moved up to and in a depression or + cut near Antler's Run, on the east side. There he found his + Adjutant-General, a few darkies, and old Ham. + </p> + <p> + "'How are you, Ham?' inquired the General. 'Are you still alive? You did + not stay very close to me, to-day, so that you "might be safer," did you + Ham?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, Massa Tom. When you fust start out, I was gwine long wid you, but + you lef me, and den you said nuffin 'bout me comin' wid you, and I spose + you not kear 'bout habin me bodderin' you. Dat's all how it war, Massa + Tom.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, Ham, I see. Well, it is all right. You stay with the headquarters + and take care of my traps, and I will not ask you to take command of my + troops in time of battle.' + </p> + <p> + "Ham laughed one of his peculiar guffaws. + </p> + <p> + "'Yah! yah! Massa Tom. I speck dat is de bes' way. Doz you want sumfin to + eat? Got plenty of chicken. Dey git skeered at de fitin', and jes' cum + rite to de camp, sah. Yes, sah, dey am 'fraid of de Sesh, dey is; dey know + der friends, dese chickens do.' + </p> + <p> + "The General laughed, saying, 'Ham, are you quite sure they came into camp + alone?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sah, dey got in heah some way. I not fotched dem in. De fuss I + seed dem, dey in de corner ob de tent all scrouched up, so I spose dey + hidin' from de Sesh, and I jes' took 'em in to sabe dem. Yes, sah; dat's + de way it war.' + </p> + <p> + "Ham retired behind a tent, and laughed immoderately, saying 'I spect he + not keer bery much; I feels my way pretty good, I does.' + </p> + <p> + "The troops rested during the night, and next morning there were no rebels + in sight, and they were ordered into camp, and no further pursuit of the + enemy contemplated by the commanding General. They, however, were soon + required in another direction, for the purpose of protecting the Capital + of the Nation. Gen. Anderson's old wound re-opened, which caused him to + turn over his splendid command. At the suggestion of his surgeon, he with + his two Aides-de-camp and old Ham, returned to Allentown until such time + as he could again recover sufficiently to perform his duty. The President + hearing of his skill in maneuvering troops, and his gallant conduct on the + battlefield, at once promoted him to be a Major-General. + </p> + <p> + "Their return home, of course, made our family very happy again—only + marred by the continued severe illness of Dr. James. He had lingered for + months, sometimes improving, and then again suffering severely. He seemed + to revive and gain strength on the return of his friends. Capt. Day took + up his abode at Young's Hotel, and Capt. Jackson remained at home with us. + Peter returned in a few days, his foot being in a very bad condition, he + fearing that an amputation might become necessary without great care and + immediate rest. Thus our family were once more partly together, and + although some were suffering greatly, we enjoyed the recital of the battle + of Antler's Run, by both Capt. Jackson and the General The story of his + lying on the bed and hearing the suggestions of a conspiracy by the + superior officers of the Army of the East, caused me serious reflection. + The details of this conversation he gave me in confidence, having never + revealed it even to his staff officers. I at once repaired to the Capital, + and saw the President and Secretary of War, and stated to them the whole + of the conversation and the proposed scheme. They were almost dumbfounded. + The President thanked me saying: + </p> + <p> + "'I have now declared the slaves free. We will see what we will see.' "He + then remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'I have my eye on the man the Lord I think is raising up in order to + complete the work we have begun. These men must be held in our hands until + the right time arrives;' which he thought would not be very long. + </p> + <p> + "The Secretary of War was not so mild. Under a promise that I would still + prosecute my inquiries further into Canada and elsewhere I left for home. + On my arrival I found the Doctor much worse, and the family greatly + distressed. He lingered but a few days and passed away. You can see our + household was again in deep gloom. I will not speak of our grief. We were + a sorely stricken family." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0010" id="link2HCH0010"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER X. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + BATTLE OF MURPHY'S HILL.-THE MOST SANGUINARY FIGHTING OF THE + WAR.—-MURDER OF STEPHEN LYON.—UNCLE HAM GETS A STRONG + DISLIKE TO WAR. + + Generals 'gainst Generals grapple gracious God, + How honors Heaven heroic hardihood! + Infuriate, indiscriminate in ill, + Kindred kill kinsmen, kinsmen kindred kill, + Labor laid levels, longest, loftiest lines; + Men march 'mid mounds, 'mid molts, 'mid murderous mines, + —FINLEY +</pre> + <p> + "After the lapse of considerable time Gen. Anderson whether or not he had + recovered sufficiently to again take the field. His staff officers and his + wife were protesting that his strength was not sufficient. + </p> + <p> + "I said: 'Well, we will consider this matter at another time.' + </p> + <p> + "Aunt Martha called us; we all walked in and sat down to tea, Capt. Day + with us, having been with Gen. Anderson almost daily since his return. + While at the table my wife spoke of the absence of Stephen and Peter, + wishing them with us, and again alluded to her dream, saying that she had + dreamed it all over again last night, and that she thought there must be + some kind of a warning to her in it. + </p> + <p> + "Just at this moment I discovered old Ham standing in the corner very much + absorbed in counting his fingers. He seemed to be considerably bothered, + however, in making up the proper count. Aunt Sarah discovered him, and + said: + </p> + <p> + "'Ham, what are you doing? + </p> + <p> + "'Ham saw that his manner caused my wife (Aunt Sarah) to be disturbed, and + the old fox (for he was very sly) said: "'es, missus, I's—I's jes' + seein'w many is here, and how many dey is wid de oder boys what goed away, + so dat I know how many you is when you'uns is all togedder. I tell you, + dis am a big family—dat's all.' + </p> + <p> + "Old Martha, who was attending the table, spoke to Ham in her usual way, + saying: + </p> + <p> + "Ham, you jes' git out, you ole fool; go to de kitchen, whar you belongs.' + </p> + <p> + "When Ham left we finished our tea, but Aunt Sarah showed plainly that she + was very much troubled. She soon retired for the night, and the rest of us + conversed about the situation and Gen. Anderson's condition; he claiming + that he was strong, the rest of us to the contrary. We concluded to settle + it for the present by visiting the farm the next morning, which e did, + taking Ham with us as driver of our wagon. When we arrived Joseph Dent + invited us all into his house, and while making inquiries of him as to his + health, the condition of his stock, etc., a man came to the gate and + called for him. When he returned he said that this man was notifying him + that he must come to a meeting that night of the Golden Circle; that the + Circle had some very important business on hand. We encouraged him to go, + and to report to us at Allentown the next morning. Bent consented, saying + that the Circle had been exceedingly active; that an agent had been there + from Canada and had required them to make a selection of agents of their + Circle to be ready to do some particular work, which would be explained at + the proper time. He also gave us the names of two men, one of whom resided + in Allentown. This caused us to think seriously about the danger that we + might be in, as men coming from Canada might discover us in some way and + afterwards recognize any of us who should be in that country prying into + their designs. We left for home, and on the way noticed that Ham was + unusually quiet, but watchful. Finally, he concluded that it was his time + to speak, and turn ing to Gen. Anderson, said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mssa Gen'l, did you see dat man out at de barn, sir?' + </p> + <p> + "'No,' said the General. + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sah! dat was the wussest lookin' Sesh I eber did see. He war lyin' + in de hay, and when he look at me I lef; yes, sah, I lef. Somefin wrong + dar, sah. You better ax Massa Joseph, when he be down to de house, 'bout + dat.' + </p> + <p> + "We satisfied Ham by agreeing to find out on the next day; so we came + home, and were sitting on my portico talking about what was best to do, + when the General received a dispatch from Washington, stating that Gen. + Rosenfelt, commanding the Army of the Center, had asked for Gen. Anderson + to be assigned to him, which would be done whenever he was well enough to + take the field. The General was somewhat disappointed, as he wished to + return to the Army of the East, for reasons that you can understand from + what occurred in his hearing while at Gen. McGregor's headquarters. He was + a true soldier, however, and said not a word, but promptly telegraphed, + thanking them for the assignment, and saying he would report very soon. He + felt that he would be able to attend to duty without very great danger to + himself; so he directed Capt. Jackson, as we now called him, to get ready, + also Capt. Day, who had come in a few moments after the receipt of the + telegram. The young men seemed particularly well pleased. Capt. Jackson + felt that he would be with Peter and Stephen. Stephen had been promoted + and was now a Brigadier-General. So all seemed pleased, though I knew how + Gen. Anderson felt. + </p> + <p> + "The General sent a telegram to Gen. Rosenfelt, who was then encamped + between Nashua and Stone Run, Tenn., informing him that he would start for + his headquarters in about two days. He did not get away, however, as soon + as he stated. + </p> + <p> + "The next day Joseph Dent came, and was greatly delighted at something. So + we gave him a seat and cleared the decks, as you must know that these + secret matters about how information was obtained of which we were coming + in possession, other than in the ordinary course of things, was not told + to the whole household. Before proceeding, however, we asked him to tell + us who was in the barn at the farm the day before, that had so alarmed + Ham. He laughed and said it was his partner; so we dropped further + inquiry, but did not tell Ham. + </p> + <p> + "Joseph Dent said he attended the Circle the night before, as he had + promised, and that they were in great trouble. They had been advised that + the agents would not be needed for the present; that some scheme that was + on foot had been postponed, and that a consultation was to be held in + order to come to an understanding as to what course was to be pursued. He + said a man who was a stranger to him stated that two of their principal + men who were to carry out the scheme (whatever it might be) had been sent + to Europe, and that this left them in a condition so that they could not + proceed until they could work up their plan; that their plan or scheme was + being matured by the men, who were to obtain their material in England; + that it could not be done here without suspicion being aroused. This, he + said, was all that was said or done. So you see, this meeting evidently + had reference to some desperate undertaking, of which their leaders in + Indiana seemed to be posted as to the fact that something was to be done, + without knowing the details. This proved to us that they had communication + one lodge with another all over the country, and also with the heads of + the conspiracy, and therefore we would have to take every precaution in + all of our movements; but as we acted only through persons that we could + trust with our lives, we considered the matter comparatively safe, and + were very sure that we would be able to post the President at all times as + to what might be danger in the way of our success. + </p> + <p> + "The next day, when the family were informed that the General, Capt. + Jackson and Capt. Day must leave us, our house again became a scene of + distress. My wife cried all day long. Mary Anderson was nearer breaking + down than I had ever seen her since we heard that the General (then a + Colonel) was killed at Dolensburg. Jennie also nearly gave way. The two + children begged them most piteously not to go away to fight (as they + termed it) any more. + </p> + <p> + "Ham seemed rather serious, and did not relish the renewal of his + acquaintance with the Sesh, The next morning, all matters being arranged, + the General and his two aides, with old Ham, after taking leave of all the + family, left. The scene that followed in my household I will not attempt + to describe. Ham lingered a little behind, but finally he embraced Aunt + Martha, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Good-by, Marfa; I guess I'se a gone darky dis time. I tell you I do not + like de dream what I had.' + </p> + <p> + "'Go long, you ole fool; dreams 'mount to nuffin. You eats too much + cabbage las' night. Dats all what ails you. Dar's no danger you git kill. + You jes' go long wid Massa Tom. Dat's what you do.' "'All right, Marfa, I + do it. Good-by.' + </p> + <p> + "They arrived at Gen. Rosenfelt's headquarters (which were with his army) + and reported. Gen. Rosenfelt was very glad to see the General, and told + him that he would assign him to the command of a first-class division + under Gen. Papson, his army then being divided into three full corps, + commanded respectively by Papson, Gen. Critsinger and Gen. McCabe. His + army numbered, embracing all arms of the service, some 56,000 effective + men, and was well supplied with all necessary material for any kind of + movement. + </p> + <p> + "On the next morning Gen. Anderson was assigned to the command of such a + division as mentioned. He was well pleased with his corps commander, who + was a fine-looking man of middle age, very quiet and unostentatious. The + whole army seemed to be in splendid condition for a campaign. On looking + through his division that day he found Stephen Lyon in command of his + Third brigade, and Peter in command of one of Stephen's regiments. This + delighted the General, and he quickly said to Capt. Jackson: + </p> + <p> + "'Gen. Rosenfelt and Gen. Papson both being old friends of Uncle Daniel, I + suspect one of his letters might be found amongst the papers of both + Rosenfelt and Papson.' "'Capt. Jackson laughed and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Well, father has nothing else to do except to keep the President posted + and look after his children, which he faithfully does.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Gen. Anderson; 'he does his duty in all respects.' + </p> + <p> + "That afternoon Gen. Stephen Lyon and Col. Peter Lyon (being their + respective rank at that time) visited Gen. Anderson's headquarters, and of + course enjoyed themselves, each thanking the good fortune that had brought + them together. They discussed the situation, and Stephen was decidedly of + the opinion that unless we advanced at once and gave battle that the enemy + would do so, and the position we occupied not being a favorable one for + defense, he thought we could force a battle where our position would be + better. + </p> + <p> + "The enemy at this time were also in good condition, and were commanded by + Gen. Biggs, with three full corps, commanded respectively by Gen. + Polkhorn, Gen. Chatham and Gen. Harding. Biggs's command was disposed as + follows: Polkhorn's corps and three brigades of Harding's were at Murphy's + Hill; the remainder of Harding's corps to the southwest some twenty miles, + forming the left flank; the remainder of Biggs's army lay some twenty + miles to the south and east; on and in advance of his extreme left was one + division on the Nashua and Franktown road. In this position lay the rebel + army, in easy supporting distance to the center and main line, it having + been selected by Biggs as a good position on which to make his stand + against.our forces, his outposts being ordered to fall back should our + forces advance. The position was a good one, as it forced our army to + cross Stone Run in his front in any direction that our troops might + approach him. + </p> + <p> + "During the evening a lady came to our picket line and asked to be taken + to Gen. Rosenfelt's headquarters. This was done. When she appeared, Gen. + Rosenfelt recognized her as Mrs. Lotty Houghton, who had been employed, it + seems, by Jardine, Marshall & Co., northern manufacturers of cotton + goods, to purchase cotton and get it through our lines. They had a permit + to do so from the Treasury Department of the United States, and it seems + she was quite successful as one of the agents. The enemy were eager to + sell their cotton and our people anxious to get it. She went to and fro + with passes from both sides, neither believing she could give any + information that would be of importance to either side. She, however, was + an exceedingly bright woman, who noted in her mind everything she saw or + heard. She was as true and as loyal to the Union as any commander we had. + She asked the General for a private interview, and gave him the position + of the enemy, as I have before stated. This was the only certain + information he had up to this time as to their exact position. She also + told him that the reason she came to him now was that all the enemy's main + force of cavalry were gone. That of Morganson and Forester were far away + on raids, and would not be able to return in time to aid in a battle, + should Gen. Rosenfelt feel like assuming the offensive. She proposed to + him that she would go to Nashua and from thence down the Franktown road, + pass through the lines of the enemy, and come in their rear to Murphy's + Hill, where she was well known; remain there quietly with a lady friend, + and when she discovered anything that she considered absolutely important, + she would get through the lines some way and come to him with the + information. He was delighted at this proposition and said to her: + </p> + <p> + "'You shall be well rewarded for this.' + </p> + <p> + "She said, in reply: + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir; you mistake me. I am no spy! I give this information because it + comes to my knowledge without my seeking it, and not in any confidence. I + do this for the good of my country, and not for reward.' + </p> + <p> + "The General bowed and applauded her devotion to her government. She then + bade him good-by and left for Nashua, refusing an escort. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Rosenfelt sent for his corps commanders that evening, and explained + the situation as he understood it. After examining the map and showing his + officers the manner he desired an assault to be made, should he determine + to attack, all agreed that there was no cause for delay. + </p> + <p> + "The troops were in fine condition and 'eager for the fray.' The General + commanding told them to be ready to move at 'o'clock in the morning. He + would send them written instructions in the meantime. So he prepared his + orders and sent them out. First, his headquarters would be with those of + Gen. Papson's corps; that the army would march by three different roads, + leading from Nashua in a southerly direction. Gen. McCabe, with his + command, would march on the Franktown road; Gen. Papson, with his command, + being the center, on the Nolton and Shell-town Road; Critsinger on the + Murphy's Hill road. McCabe was to assail Harding's forces on his road; but + if Harding should fall back on the main rebel line, in that event McCabe + and Papson were both to bear to the left, so as to present an unbroken + front or line at or near Stone Run, opposite Murphy's Hill. The movement + commenced the next morning, but not so early as directed. During the march + McCabe ran against Harding's pickets, when a skirmish began. The rebel + forces fell back on their main line. Gen. McCabe was delayed for some + reason and did not reach Harding's main position that day, but on the + next. And when he did arrive, Harding had left and was far away on his + road to join Bigg's main force. The rain was now falling in torrents, and + Papson and Critsinger were troubled to get their trains through the mud + over very poor roads. When Gen. Rosenfelt's forces were finally + concentrated he was compelled to rest one day, he thought, in order not to + engage the enemy with his army in a tired and worn-out condition. + </p> + <p> + "The enemy had to march about the same distance, however, in order to make + their concentration of forces. The ground over which the battle must be + fought lies between Stone Run and Overman's Creek; it is slightly rolling + ground, with sticky, clayish soil, in which the roads are tortuous and + easily worked up by teams so as to become almost impassable. There were + clearings on this ground, but they alternated with a chaparral that was + almost impenetrable. There are three roads through this valley, between + the two streams, which converge on Murphy's Hill. + </p> + <p> + "Rosenfelt, after resting, formed his line with McCabe on the right, + Papson in the center, and Critsinger on the left, leaving Stone Run + between the enemy and himself. One or the other must cross this stream + sometime and somewhere during the engagement, in order to attack his + opponent. There is much in the first assault if made with decision. In the + evening, just before dark, one of McCabe's brigades struck one of + Wittington's (rebel) brigades. The contest was a severe one, in which our + forces were damaged very much. This ought to have proven that the enemy + were intending to cross the run and strike our right flank. But it did not + seem to disturb our commander in the least. That night Rosenfelt laid + before his corps commanders his plan of attack, which was to throw his + left across the run and attack and drive the rebel forces from Murphy's + Hill, and get between the hill and the enemy, and use the high ground for + artillery on the line and flank of the enemy; at the same time strike him + in the center with Papson, leaving McCabe to merely hold his line to + resist and not to attack. + </p> + <p> + "This being understood, all were to be ready the next morning to carry out + the plan of the battle laid down by the General commanding. During the day + Mrs. Lotty Houghton heard directly from one of the rebel officers that + they were to move that night all their available forces to our right and + attack us on our flank in the morning. So she concluded to leave that day, + in order to be out of the way of the battle, and started south. After + traveling several miles outside of the enemy's lines, she cut across to + the west and took the road leading from Nashua to Pulaston. Traveling on + that for some distance she struck across to the road from Nashua to + Murphy's Hill, following that until she came to our pickets, and there + asked to be shown to Army headquarters. She got in very late, and the + Sergeant made a mistake and took her to Gen. Papson. He did not know her + and was rather suspicious. She told him of the movement of the enemy. He + took her into his headquarters and sent out to find Gen. Rosenfelt. But he + could not be found. He was out somewhere looking after his lines. This + caused delay. He was not found until morning, and then not until after the + movement had commenced on his left. Critsinger was crossing the run in + front of Murphy's Hill. When Gen. Rosenfelt was informed that Mrs. + Houghton was in our lines, and of her statement made about the enemy, he + said: + </p> + <p> + "'It cannot be so. Biggs cannot suspect our movement. But even so, I will + crush his right, which he has left exposed, and carry out my plan before + he can do anything.' Gen. Rosenfelt superintended the crossing of the run + in person. He saw the moment approaching when he could throw himself with + a vastly superior force upon the isolated division that Gen. Biggs had + left at the hill—the rest of Biggs's command having crossed the run + to his left. At this juncture skirmish firing was heard, and in a very + short time sharp musketry burst forth on our extreme right. + </p> + <p> + "At once Rosenfelt questioned in his mind, could Biggs have guessed the + movement by which he was menaced? Was he endeavoring to forestall it, or + was this one of those encounters between pickets? Or had Mrs. Houghton + brought to him the correct information? He at once sent to have her + brought to him. But she had left for Nashua on the turnpike road, so as to + be out of the way, as well as out of danger. Very soon the facts were + revealed to him, when too late, however, to retrace his steps. There was + nothing left but to attack the isolated force at once, as McCabe had + stated that he could hold his position against any force that might attack + him. The battle had commenced on his right, and the rebels were pressing + forward and gaining very great advantage. Our forces were taken completely + by surprise on our right—the soldiers were in their tents, the + officers scattered; the Chief of Artillery was at the headquarters of Gen. + McCabe; the artillery horses had been taken to water, and in the great + haste to get under arms each regiment formed in front of their tents. On + came the rebel division, pouring a terrific fire into our ranks, advancing + at every discharge, and loading as they came. Our artillery was mixed up + and the portion of it that could be got into position was operated in + vain. The two forces came together and fought hand to hand amid a musketry + fire that struck friend and foe alike. Gen. John's brigade held their + ground manfully, but could not long withstand the impetuosity of the + attack and the superiority of numbers. Their line broke in several places, + and the batteries, deprived of horses, fell into the hands of the enemy. + Gen. Willis's brigade was totally routed and he made a prisoner. Kirkham's + brigade was broken to pieces and routed. The first assault did not last + long, but was extremely damaging to our forces. Thus attacked, our lines + were falling back in the direction of Overman's Creek, when Lawting's + rebel cavalry fell upon their flank, capturing many prisoners, guns, and + much camp equipage. Polkhorn now assaulted Gen. Davies' division with two + fresh divisions. Davies repulsed the first assault, but was struck in + flank by Clayber, which forced him back. Potter's brigade was by Clayber + entirely dispersed. By this time our right flank had been broken and + driven back on Hospital Hill, and finally from there. + </p> + <p> + "The rebel cavalry then came charging down, capturing many prisoners. Our + wagon trains, ammunition and rations were only saved by the action of one + regiment of our cavalry charging the rebel flank and forcing them back. + News reached Rosenfelt that his right was completely routed. He at once + countermanded his order to attack with his left, and moved to the right in + order to save a great disaster and perhaps his army. + </p> + <p> + "In the meantime Biggs was preparing to attack the center, and on came one + of his divisions in double column and struck the troops of a general who + was in waiting to receive them (Gen. Sherlin). The attack was quick and + terrible, but they were rolled back, attacked in turn, and the rebel loss + in one brigade was one-third of its force. Gen. Sull, one of our brave + officers, here lost his life while leading a charge. Rosenfelt and Gen. + Papson now commenced forming a new line, which had to be done under a + heavy fire, as the battle had extended down to and on the center. Sherlin + had fallen back to form on the new line. Rosen felt had become excited, + and was riding over the field with his hat off, ordering everything he + came to—batteries, regiments and companies. Papson, who was always + cool and calm in battle as on dress parade, had his corps well in hand, + and ordered Gen. Anderson, who was on his right and adjoining Sherlin, to + receive the enemy and give him the bayonet. There had been a cessation of + fighting for an hour, and the broken troops had commenced to re-organize + and get into line. Biggs, seeing that postponement would not do, ordered + up the division from Murphy's Hill, and again the battle commenced with + renewed vigor. Sherlin was assailed first by Polkhorn. Gen. Anderson now + seeing his chance, moved quickly to Sherlin's support, and with a dash + struck one of Polkhorn's divisions in flank, and almost annihilated it. + One of his brigades, Stephen Lyon commanding, was ordered to charge + against another division. This was handsomely done, and the rebels fell + back rapidly. At this time Biggs came into the fray, and led back his + broken brigades in person, but they fared the same as before. In this + assault Sherlin lost his other two brigade commanders, and had his troops + somewhat demoralized for a time; but they soon recovered and the attacking + commenced on our side. Our lines were moved forward and the battle was + furious; first an advantage was gained on the one side and then on the + other. At last our men became encouraged and were fighting with a firm + conviction that we were gaining ground and driving the enemy back. During + an hour of hard stand-up hand-to-hand fighting, officers and men fell like + the leaves of Autumn after a bitter frost. Night then closed in, leaving + the two armies facing each other. + </p> + <p> + "A profound silence prevailed during the night, interrupted only by the + groans and the shrieks of the wounded and dying, after a constant strife, + which had lasted for ten hours. No more sanguinary struggle for the length + of time was ever witnessed. During this day there was not a single + regiment of our troops that had not been more or less engaged. The enemy's + cavalry had crossed the run below our army and captured and destroyed a + great quantity of our provisions, ammunition, etc. That night no rations + were distributed. The poor boys gathered around the campfires and + anxiously inquired about missing comrades, and what of the day to-morrow. + Many of the soldiers thought our army surrounded. Three of our Generals + had fallen during the day, and many thousand poor soldiers were killed, + wounded and captured. + </p> + <p> + "That night Gens. Anderson and Sherlin met for the first time, and in + talking over the morrow both agreed that they would die on that ground or + win the battle, and they infused this same determination into all they + met. + </p> + <p> + "Biggs thought that Rosenfelt would retreat during the night. He could not + believe that he would undertake to maintain himself in the position in + which he bad been forced. He thought that he had only to wait until + morning to gather the fruits of a great victory. He was mistaken. The next + morning he found the Union forces in a compact line skirting the timber, + with hastily thrown-up earthworks. If Rosenfelt had made his movement, on + the information given by Mrs. Houghton, earlier in the day, instead of the + afternoon, he would, perhaps, have met with no disaster. But the next day, + when he found that Biggs did not attack, he determined to do so. He made + the same movement that he began the day before, and was driven back in his + first attempt to take the hill. He then began a general assault, and + retook all the positions lost the day before. The loss of the enemy was + very heavy, and the victory of the second day was complete. Gen. Anderson + moved out with his division by the side of Sherlin, and the two seemed to + vie with each other as to which could face the greatest danger. The rebels + lost two Generals, killed that day. In the two days' fighting the losses + on both sides were most serious. In the evening, after the battle was + concluded, as General Anderson was riding over the field near Hospital + Hill, he discovered a rebel officer leaning against the root of a tree. + There were two rebel soldiers with him. He was very pale, and not able to + speak in louder tones than a whisper. The General dismounted, giving his + reins to his orderly. Approaching the group, the two soldiers arose and + said: + </p> + <p> + "'General, we surrender.' + </p> + <p> + "The General replied: + </p> + <p> + "'That is not my purpose. I do not come to make prisoners, but to know if + I can be of any service to this wounded officer.' + </p> + <p> + "As the General spoke, the wounded officer said, in a whisper: + </p> + <p> + "'Tom, is that you?" + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the General, reaching out his hand to Capt. Whitthorne, in + whom he recognized his wife's cousin. + </p> + <p> + "Capt. Whitthorne took his hand and said: + </p> + <p> + "'I am dying. I want you to tell cousin Mary that I have never forgotten + her; I love her, and wish I could see her now. We will not speak of our + differences now; the approach of death softens our hearts. You are a brave + man, Tom. I am proud of you, even as an enemy. When I die, as I will in a + few minutes—I can only last a little while—will you bury me + just where I fell? There is the spot,' looking over his left shoulder and + asking one of the men to mark it. + </p> + <p> + "This exertion caused the blood to flow profusely, as he had been shot + through the lungs. + </p> + <p> + "In a few minutes he breathed his last. Gen. Anderson had him properly + interred at the place where he requested, and marked it with a headstone + with his name upon it. He wrote to his wife the facts as I have given them + to you. Gen. Anderson never alluded to him afterwards except in the most + respectful terms. When Mary, the General's wife, received a letter giving + an account of her cousin's death, she wept, but said nothing. + </p> + <p> + "But to return to the results of the battle: Biggs retreated and left the + field to Rosenfelt, who concluded to go into winter quarters instead of + making pursuit. He said it was necessary that his army should recuperate. + Wishing, however, to cover Nashua, he sent a command out to the west from + Murphy's Hill, on the road to Frank-town. It fell upon Stephen Lyon's + brigade to go. He was quite unwell, but would by this station have an + independent command—his brigade and two regiments of cavalry and two + batteries of artillery—consequently he was gratified by the order. + In marching the command moved slowly, there not being an urgent necessity + for their presence at Franktown. On the second day's march they halted and + had a luncheon at a spring by the roadside. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Stephen Lyon was lying on a mattress in an ambulance. When the + command had rested he sent them forward, remaining at the spring himself, + saying to his officers that he would come on after resting, as he could + soon overtake them. H e kept with him only one officer (Lieut. Curtis), + two orderlies and the driver, not dreaming of an enemy being in that part + of the country, as Biggs's army was many miles south of Stone Run, or + rather to the southeast at Tullahoming. + </p> + <p> + "Col. Joseph Whitthorne (then Brigadier-General), with a detachment of + cavalry, came dashing up. He captured Lieut. Curtis and the two orderlies + and driver, and then asked who the officer was that was lying in the + ambulance. On being told that it was Gen. Stephen Lyon, he replied: + </p> + <p> + "'I have sworn to kill him if I ever met him, for sending a spy into my + camp.' + </p> + <p> + "Stephen was unarmed, and protested that he knew nothing about the charges + alleged against him. But it did no good. Whitthorne ordered his men to + shoot him, and it was done and my poor boy was in this cold-blooded way + murdered by this gang of bushwhackers. My other sons had his body taken + back to Murphy's Hill and buried. I never knew who murdered him until the + war was over." + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0015" id="linkimage-0015"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0182.jpg" width="100%" + alt="The Murder of Steven Lyon 182 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The old man again broke down and for a time was unable to proceed, but at + last said: + </p> + <p> + "You can see how the fates were against my family. When the news was + received at home my poor wife could not rally under these successive + blows, and she lay sick for months. I thought she would soon follow the + poor boys. When she did recover it was only partially. She was never well + afterwards. + </p> + <p> + "After the battle, Gen. Anderson thought he would look up his military + family, as his headquarters had been sent to the rear during the conflict. + Capt. Day and Capt. Jackson were near him all the time, and were no better + posted than the General as to where the headquarters were. Finally they + were found some three miles to the rear. The orderlies, driver, cook, + etc., were found established at the headquarters; but old Ham, poor old + man, was nowhere to be found. A general search was at once instituted, and + finally he jumped up like a rabbit from some thick underbrush. When he + came out he looked all around, and at last realizing who the parties were + that had discovered him he threw up his hands and exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + "'Bress the good Laud, and you'uns are not all killed. Afo' de Laud I + never 'spected to see any you good people agin. And heah is Massa Gen'l + Tom, and Massa Jackson and Massa Capt. Day. Well! well! if dis isn't a + sprize to ole Ham.' + </p> + <p> + "The General said: + </p> + <p> + "'Ham, how did you get here? What made you run away? I thought you were + going to stay with us.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sah, I thought so, too; but, sah, de shell, de guns and de bums dey + all come rite down over whar I was, and I not know how to fight. One ob de + mans git me a gun and fix it up, and I git behind a tree and poke it out + and pull de trigger, and bress de Laud it shoot de wrong way and I fine + myself knocked ober away off from de tree. Den I said dis is no place for + dis darkey, and I gits; dats what I does, and I corned along pretty fas' + and I got wid de wagons, and pretty soon de hossmen ob de Sesh—I + b'leves dey calls 'em cabalry—dey come on de run and burned up de + wagons and slashed 'bout and cussed about de Yanks and swared about de + niggers and skeered me out ob my breff. Den I gits in de woods and creeps + under de brush and dar I stay, and sho' you born I thought ebery one was + killed, I wouldn't never come out if you hadn't found me, sho'. I done + thought I neber see Marfa no more. O, bress de Laud, I's hungry doe.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, come along, Ham; I guess I will have to send you home; you seem + not to take to war.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sah! Massa Gen'l, 'spect it be de bes'; for afore de Laud I feels + curous when you is fitin'. Somehow I doesn't jes' feel rite all de time + dey is shootin'. It seems dey would kill a darky jes'as quick as dey do a + white man.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the General; 'why not?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sah, I doesn't know why; it 'pears like dey wouldn't kill the + darkies when we work for dem so long. But de Sesh dey is quar folks dey + is; dey fight doe, don' dey, Massa Tom?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; they fight like other people.' + </p> + <p> + "By this time they were at headquarters, and Ham got hold of his namesake + and devoured it as a wild beast would have done. Ham was very serious and + finally said: + </p> + <p> + "'Massa Tom, I guess dey not fight any mo' berry soon, does dey?' + </p> + <p> + "The General replied that he did not know. + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said Ham, 'I guess I stay wid you a while longer. You won't write + home 'bout me gittin' in de bush, will you'uns?' + </p> + <p> + "'No; if you wish us not to do so.' + </p> + <p> + "'O, for de Laud's sake! Marfa she d neber lib wid dis darky no mo' if she + know what I do. You won't tell her, Massa Tom, will you?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, Ham; I will keep it a secret from her.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, den, I will try him once mo'. I 'spects I stay here nex' time. I + knows I do. O, I knows de nex' time, sho.' + </p> + <p> + "All right, Ham; you get around now and get our things together, and look + after my "traps."' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, massa, yes.' + </p> + <p> + "Ham's conduct and explanations afforded great amusement for the boys + around headquarters for some time. + </p> + <p> + "Capt. Zeke Inglesby said: + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, I did not know before that Gen. Stephen Lyon, who was + murdered at Bethesda Springs, was your son. I know all about his murder. I + belonged to his brigade. That dastardly murder was considered by all + soldiers as one of the most outrageous acts and cold-blooded murders ever + known in civilized warfare." + </p> + <p> + "Oh, yes. I grieved over his death very greatly, he being the second one + of our dear boys murdered outright—the fourth dead since the war + began. It chilled the blood of our whole family. The strangest thing to me + was how Gen. Anderson, Capt. Jackson and Col. Peter could restrain + themselves so as not to mention the name of his murderer, in all their + conversations about his death; but, as I said, I never knew who did it + until after the war. I could easily understand the reason for their not + telling the name. Mary Anderson, being his sister, was never told the + facts; nor my wife nor any of us at the time, the boys fearing that it + might cause an unpleasant feeling even to know the fact that a near + relative of one of our family could be such a barbarian. + </p> + <p> + "I was kept quite close at home for some months with our family, being + their only protection within call. During this time no man ever suffered + more in spirit. I can see it all before me now: my poor wife's agony, the + sorrowing of David's widow, Mary Anderson's trouble, the two poor little + children—their questions about their Uncle Stephen, who killed him, + and why? These questions I could not answer." + </p> + <p> + At this point Dr. Adams inquired if Gen. Rosenfelt ever expressed any + regret at not listening to the information imparted to him on the morning + of the battle. + </p> + <p> + "No, sir; I did not so understand." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, did you know anything of Mrs. Houghton after this?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes; she continued to do good service for our cause, as you will learn + hereafter." + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel here called in Mrs. Wilson. She was a bright and beautiful + woman. He took her in his arms and said to us: + </p> + <p> + "This dear child and one boy, the son of another of my boys, are all of + whom I can now boast." + </p> + <p> + His speech at this point was so pathetic and saddening, that the whole + party were unconsciously moved to tears. His voice trembled, and he slowly + walked out of the room, overwhelmed by the sad memories he had awakened. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0011" id="link2HCH0011"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XI. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + THE COURT-MARTIAL.—AT MURPHY'S HILL.—THE TWO OPPOSING + ARMIES AND THEIR MOVEMENTS.—JAMES WHITCOMB'S TRIAL.— + SENTENCED TO DEATH AND PARDONED BY THE PRESIDENT. + + "But mercy is above this sceptered sway, + It is enthroned in the heart of kings, + It is an attribute to God himself; + And earthly power doth then show likest God's, + When mercy seasons Justice." + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + "Gen. Biggs having taken up his position in the angle of the headwaters of + Goose River and Cane's Fork, near Tullahoming, in the midst of a rich + valley, Rosenfelt at once commenced repairing the railroads and throwing + up earthworks near Murphy's Hill, which almost encircled the entire place. + There he remained during the winter and following spring. The two armies + were principally engaged in watching each other, neither being willing to + risk an advance against the other. For several months this situation + continued. The only operations that marked this long period of inaction on + the part of the two armies were a series of small exploits which were + calculated to cause the two armies to degenerate into small bands, that + could only be employed in harassing their enemies. The rebels got ready, + however, and made the first attempt. Gen. Weller, with a brigade of + cavalry, pushed his way up within a few miles of Nashua, burned a railroad + bridge, then descended on the right bank of the Le-Harp River to the banks + of Combination River, and there seized several of our transports, which + were loaded with supplies. He burned these with all their cargoes. One of + our gunboats reached the scene of action just in time to also become a + prey to the flames. + </p> + <p> + "This act on the part of the rebel cavalrymen in its audacity seems to + have completely paralyzed our mounted troops, and Weller was permitted to + return entirely unmolested. In a very short time, elated by his success, + he concentrated a force of some 3,000 men under Gens. Forrester and + Lawting, with two batteries, within twenty miles of Nashua. Gen. + Rosenfelt, seeing that the rebels were riding all around and about him + with impunity, sent Gen. Davies with one division of infantry, and two + brigades of cavalry commanded by Gen. Minting, in order to hem Weller in + and 'bag him' and take him into camp, as the soldiers would say. Davies + marched from Murphy's Hill to Eagle Cove; Sleeman marched from Nashua with + a division of infantry, upon Tyrone; Minting moved away to the south by + way of Franktown, where the forces were all to close in like pulling the + drawstring of a bag and closing it over your game. But when opened there + was no Weller inside. The next heard of him he had pushed on far to the + northwest, and while our forces were closing in at Franktown, Weller had + again reached the borders of Combination River at Mariam's Crossing, and + appeared before Dolinsburg on the next day. You remember the great battle + fought at Dolinsburg, where Gen. Tom. Anderson was thought to have been + killed, but was found by me in the darky's cabin?" They answered: "Yes; + that could not be forgotten." "Well, gentlemen, this place was still + commanded by good old Col. Harden. He had but 700 men all told. The place + was encircled by parapets commanding the ravines north and south. In the + center the Colonel had constructed large earthworks, and mounted thereon + one 32-pounder. He also had a section of field-guns. The rebels lost no + time in making their dispositions, and were ready for the assault. Col. + Harden hastily made preparations to receive the enemy. He placed his women + and sick on a transport that lay at the wharf. That being done, the old + Colonel said to his men: 'Boys, here I will die before I will lower that + flag.' and his command all cheered him, and said 'we agree to that + sentiment.' + </p> + <p> + "Weller was now ready; he ordered Forrester and Law-ting to advance and + attack. But before doing so he thought it would be the more correct + warfare to summon the garrison to surrender. He did so by sending a flag + of truce and demanding a surrender of the fort. Col. Harden inquired by + what authority the surrender was demanded. The reply was that Gen. Weller + demanded it 'in the name of Jefferson Davis, President of the Southern + Confederacy.' + </p> + <p> + "'Tell Gen. Weller that if Mr. Davis is here in person I will see him; but + if Gen. Weller wants this fort he must take it at the point of the + bayonet. Col. Harden never surrenders to the enemy.' + </p> + <p> + "This was reported to Gen. Weller, and he remarked, 'We will see.' + </p> + <p> + "Forrester deployed his command and moved forward up the hill, but as he + galloped up under a heavy fire his loss was severe. The soldiers who were + defending that part of the outer works retreated inside of the heavy + fortifications. A murderous and destructive fire was now opened upon the + enemy from all sides of the works. + </p> + <p> + "Forrester fell back and formed a new line, and Weller put his whole force + in action. Lawting joined Forrester on the right, and the assault was + made. + </p> + <p> + "Old Col. Harden said: 'Boys, here they come; let them charge close up + before you fire. Fill that old 32-pounder with bullets on top of the + shell;' and they did. + </p> + <p> + "So Forrester charged with his men right up to the works. Col. Harden gave + the command 'Fire!' and with one volley from muskets and the old + 32-pounder the cavalry retreated in every direction; many horses and men + fell under this terrible fire. Our men leaped out of the works, and with + bayonets fixed charged down against Forrester's men and captured many of + them. Forrester's best Colonel was killed and his command routed and + demoralized. Lawting had captured the Cemetery Ridge, where some of Col. + Harden's men had made a stand, but finding they could not hold it, fell + back into the fort. Darkness here closed in and the old flag still floated + over Dolins-burg. During the night a gunboat came to the rescue. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning there were no rebels in sight, save killed and wounded. + Dolinsburg was never again assaulted by the enemy during the war. Col. + Harden was a brave man, and dearly beloved by my whole family; not alone + for his bravery, but for his kindness to Gen. Anderson during his stay at + the Colonel's Headquarters. + </p> + <p> + "Weller was being followed up by Davies, who had finally gotten on his + track. But he took another tack; he moved a short distance, as if + intending to meet Davies, and then suddenly wheeled to the right and + reached Center-town by way of Pinche's Factory, along the line of Goose + River. After fording the river he called a halt at Colesburg. His men were + now worn out with fatigue, and his horses totally unfitted for further + service until thoroughly recuperated. This ended Gen. Weller's exploits + for a considerable length of time. Just then another raider appeared upon + the scene—one Gen. Van Doring, in command of some 5,000 fresh + cavalry. This new force gave the enemy courage, and they at once renewed + their former audacity. They were determined to wipe out if possible the + terrible and painful result of their attack upon Col. Harden at + Dolinsburg, and immediately advanced within a short distance of + Rosenfelt's main encampment, drove in his outposts, and threatened his + short Une of communication with Nashua. By this time large re-enforcements + had arrived by way of transports up the Combination River to Nashua. + Sleeman's division had moved forward to the main force at Murphy's Hill. + The General felt that he must rid the country of these raiders, or his + situation would become intolerable. His detachments, except in large + bodies, could not venture out of camp without danger of being attacked by + rebel cavalry. Later on, one day, a report came that our outposts were + attacked and part of them captured within a few miles of his main army. + Rosenfelt was greatly excited to think that with his force of cavalry—one + brigade at Nashua, one at Franktown supported by a division of infantry at + each place, and two brigades at his main position—the rebels were + audacious enough to come in sight of his camp and menace him. Just at this + moment Gen. Sherlin, a small man, but a great soldier, came into his + headquarters and said: + </p> + <p> + "'General, how would you like to have an infantry commander take one of + your detachments of cavalry and try his hand on Van Doring, who, I + understand, is running round your camp playing marbles on your boys' + coat-tails?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sir,' said Rosenfelt, 'I wish we had some one like old Col. Harden + at Dolinsburg after this fellow Van Doring. Do you think you can run him + back on his own ground?' + </p> + <p> + "'I will try.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sir, you may try your hand to-day.' + </p> + <p> + "'All right,' said Sherlin; 'I am now ready, and I want only 1,000 men.' + </p> + <p> + "The General ordered two regiments to report; they did so promptly, and + were off. They started with Sherlin at their head, and were not long in + reaching Brady's Wood, where the enemy was strongly posted. Without + hesitating for one moment Sherlin attacked them and charged, saber in + hand. The contest was of short duration. The rebels had not seen that kind + of cavalry fighting before. They were soon routed and driven in great + disorder back to and across Goose River. Sherlin returned the next day + with 200 prisoners and a command of encouraged men. This aroused great + jealousy with the cavalry officers, and made him the subject of many + remarks. But he went quietly back to his command of infantry without any + exultation or mention of his victory. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Sherlin and Gen. Anderson that evening were speaking of our cavalry, + when Sherlin remarked that they only wanted some one to teach them how to + fight. + </p> + <p> + "'That is true,' said Gen. Anderson; 'we must obtain consent to go out and + attack the enemy whenever and wherever we may find him. We now have + re-enforcements, our army is fresh and well supplied in all respects.' + </p> + <p> + "The General commanding finding this feeling existing, and seeing that his + re-enforcements had all come forward and were in camp, amounting to some + 14,000, while Biggs had only received the 5,000 cavalry under Van Doring, + he felt that he could afford to make a forward movement and attack his + antagonist wherever he might be found. So he commenced by directing that + our forces were to make Goose River our line for the present, by first + driving the enemy to the south side of the same, and if possible force him + out of this part of the country. + </p> + <p> + "Sherlin's division and two brigades of cavalry were to march to Eagle + Cove and thence to Columbiana; Sleeman's division, with other troops, were + to form the center; the left was to move on Shelltown;—the whole to + concentrate on and along the north bank of Goose River. Gen. Corbin, being + in advance on the road leading to Columbiana, met Van Doring at Spring + Hill, and after five hours' hard fighting surrendered his whole command. + When this news reached Rosenfelt, who was still at Murphy's Hill, it + disturbed him much. The troops having now marched for a week over very bad + roads through rain and mud, he directed them to return to their former + positions, 'having accomplished all that the commanding General desired,' + as he said. + </p> + <p> + "Kentucky was at this time infested with raiders and guerrillas. Gen. + Broomfield, who had about that time been sent to the West to command the + Department of Kentucky, soon cleared that State of these pests. Their mode + of warfare on either side was merely harassing without accomplishing any + great results. Very soon Rosenfelt's troops were again within his old camp + lines, and Forrester commenced annoying him in many ways. Gen. Papson + being at Rosenfelt's Headquarters, in conversation remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'If you will allow Gen. Anderson, of my corps, to take command of a + division of your cavalry, and give him instructions that Forrester must be + driven beyond Goose River and kept there, I will guarantee good results.' + </p> + <p> + "Rosenfelt readily assented, and the arrangements were made and the order + given. The command started, and by rapid marches came up to Forrester at a + point near Auburnville, and drove him as far as Winter Hill, a point where + the general headquarters of the rebel cavalry had been for some days. Gen. + Anderson charged down upon them with his whole force in regular old + English cavalry style, with drawn sabers. The rebel cavalry made stubborn + resistance, but our force drove them from their position with much + slaughter. They retreated in great confusion, and were closely pursued and + sorely pressed until they were forced to cross Goose River at different + points. The country was now cleared of them for the present. Gen. Anderson + returned with 600 prisoners. This ended the raids, and our army was not + subjected to these harassing exploits again while it remained at Murphy's + Hill. During these many annoyances by the rebel cavalry our troops were + sent after them so frequently and marched so rapidly, and at times such + great distances, that they often became weary and footsore. + </p> + <p> + "The day after Gen. Anderson returned from driving Forrester out of this + portion of the country a division of infantry under Sleeman returned from + a very long and circuitous march. On the detail for guard duty that night + was a boy from one of the Michigan regiments, (the 1st Michigan I think,) + who during the night was found asleep on his watch. He was arrested and + taken to the guard-house. The young man was greatly troubled. He had been + a good soldier; had never shirked any duty imposed upon him. The next day + he was reported by Serg't Smith as being found asleep while on duty. This + was a serious matter,—the penalty being death if found guilty. The + report was taken to Gen. Sleeman, and by him transmitted to Gen. Rosenfelt + with a request that he order the Court-Martial, if one should be decided + upon. The General at once ordered the Court. I never have believed that + severe punishments in the army were productive of good discipline. The + best soldiers are the kindest men, and the most successful are those who + inflict the fewest severe punishments upon their men. The detail for the + Court was made and the charges filed. + </p> + <p> + "The Court held its sessions at Gen. Rosenfelt's Headquarters. The poor + boy was brought out of the guardhouse in the presence of the Court. He was + 20 years old, very slight, light complexion, light auburn hair, large blue + eyes, delicate frame, and, in fact, looked almost as much like a girl as a + boy. His appearance made a deep impression upon the members of the Court; + great sympathy was felt for him. The Judge-Advocate asked him if he had + any objections to the Court, which was composed of officers from Gen. + Sleeman's Division, with Gen. Sleeman as President of the Court. The boy + answered that he had no objections; 'for,' said he, 'I do not know any of + the officers. I know but few persons in the army. I know only my + messmates. I am not acquainted with any of the officers of my own company. + I know their names, but have no personal acquaintance with either of + them.' + </p> + <p> + "'Do you never talk with any of your company officers?' inquired the + Judge-Advocate. + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir,' replied the youth; 'I have never asked a favor since I have + been in the army. I have obeyed orders, and strictly performed my duty and + asked no questions.' + </p> + <p> + "'Have you any relatives?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sir; I have an aged father and mother, and one sister.' + </p> + <p> + "'What was your business before entering the service?' + </p> + <p> + "'I was a sales-boy in the wholesale dry-goods store of Baldwin & + Chandler, in Detroit, Mich., where my parents live.' + </p> + <p> + "'Have you written to your parents or sister since your arrest?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir; I asked permission to do so, but it was refused me.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Sleeman, an old man, full of sympathy and kind feelings, on the + impulse of the moment said, 'That was an outrage.' + </p> + <p> + "The Judge-Advocate reminded the General that such remarks were not proper + in the presence of the Court. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the General, 'I spoke before I thought; but the impropriety + of the remark does not change my opinion.' + </p> + <p> + "The charges were read to the boy, charging him that in this, 'he, James + Whitcomb, a private soldier, was regularly detailed and placed on guard + duty, and that he slept while on post in the face of the enemy, thereby + endangering the Army of the United States.' + </p> + <p> + "The Judge-Advocate advised the boy to plead 'not guilty,' which he did. + </p> + <p> + "Just at this moment Capt. Jackson Lyon came along where the Court was in + session, and for the first time heard of this trial. He listened for a + moment and heard the name of the boy mentioned, and it struck him at once + that it might be Seraine's brother. He waited until the Court adjourned + and asked permission to speak to the boy. It being granted, he ascertained + that James Whitcomb was the brother of Seraine, who had gone South in + search of Henry. He told the boy to be of good cheer—to admit + nothing; that when they proved the charge, as perhaps they would, to ask + permission to make a statement, and then to tell all about his march; the + reason for his inability to keep awake, and all about his condition on + that night, and that he, Capt. Jackson Lyon, would look after him; but not + to mention him as his friend, but as one only feeling a sympathy for him. + </p> + <p> + "Jackson wrote to me that day all about the case, and thought it was best + that his father and mother should not be made aware of his arrest and + trial, but that I should write to the President all about the case, and do + no more until he (Jackson) should arrive. My son Jackson was a very + cool-headed man, and always did everything in the manner that would create + the least excitement or suspicion. You see, he had a plan in a moment for + the safety of this poor boy. + </p> + <p> + "Well, to get back. The next day the Court reassembled at 12 o'clock and + proceeded with the trial. The witnesses were sworn. Serg't Smith exhibited + the detail for the guard, as well as the detail from the boy's company, + and the report of the detail to him with James Whitcomb's name on the + same. He then showed the time for the boy's guard-duty to commence on that + relief, and finally, by the Officer of the Guard who went around with the + relief guard, that the boy was found asleep and did not arouse from his + slumber when he was challenged, but that the Sergeant of the Guard had to + shake him quite hard to arouse him. This, you can see, was very strong and + hard to get over." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush, "that was a strong case. I was hoping to hear that + there was a mistake about it." + </p> + <p> + Maj. Clymer said: "Well, I hope he was acquitted. I have slept many a time + on my horse during a hard march, when if I had been placed on guard-duty I + would have gone to sleep in five minutes." + </p> + <p> + "So have I," said Capt. Zeke Inglesby. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, yes. I have no doubt of that; but it is not the men who commit acts + against law that are always punished, but those who are caught. These men + seemed to think this a terrible crime in this boy, and yet, perhaps, there + was not one of them who could have done differently under the same + circumstances. + </p> + <p> + "After the witnesses had been heard against the poor boy, he showed great + mental suffering and agony; the disgrace to his parents and sister was + what troubled him so much. His company officers were sworn, and stated + that prior to this no complaint had ever been made against the boy. That + although they only knew him as a soldier, they had always observed his + neatness and soldierly appearance and bearing; they all thought that the + march the two days before and until 9 o'clock the night on which he was + found asleep on post, was calculated to tire out a boy of his frail + organization. + </p> + <p> + "The Chief Surgeon stated that a boy of his constitution would be very + likely to drop to sleep anywhere after such a strain upon his physical + strength. + </p> + <p> + "This closed the evidence with the exception of one witness. The boy asked + if he could make a statement to the Court. Some discussion arose on this + point. The Court was cleared, and Jackson said that he afterwards learned + that old Gen. Sleeman grew very angry at the idea of refusing an innocent + boy a chance to say a word in his own defense. Finally, it was agreed that + the boy might make his statement. He arose, and, with a tremulous voice + and much agitation, said: + </p> + <p> + "'Gentlemen of the Court: I am a poor boy. My life is of no value to me, + and but little to my country. I have risked it several times without fear + or nervousness. For my parents' sake I would like to go through this war + with an honorable record. To take my life would do me but little harm. I + can meet death as a true soldier. But what can this great Government gain + by taking my life? You can inflict ruin, distress and misery upon an old + man and woman, and upon my queenly sister, who is now going through more + perils, if I am correctly informed, than any of us. I came to the army not + for gain. I was getting much more pay without risking my life, but I felt + it my duty to aid in sustaining our Government. I did not dream, however, + that in the event that I should escape death from the hands of the enemies + of our country that, for an unhappy result entirely unavoidable, my + comrades-in-arms would hasten to make a sacrifice of me. Were I guilty of + anything that I could have avoided, then I would not ask for leniency; but + this I could not avoid. That I slept on my post I will not deny; but I + pray you hear my excuse. It is this: Two days before this offense was + committed, we had marched through rain and mud some twenty miles in + pursuit (as it was said) of Forrester's cavalry. I did not see many horse + tracks in the road, however, and took it that our forces had captured all + their horses, and that the rebels were taking it on foot, as we were.' + </p> + <p> + "Here Gen. Sleeman laughed, and said <i>sotto voce</i>: 'That boy ought to + be put in command of our cavalry, instead of being shot.' + </p> + <p> + "'The night of this march my messmate, John Martin, a boy of my own age + and my neighbor before coming to the army, was taken quite ill. It was his + turn to be on guard. I took his guard duty that night, and was entirely + without sleep. When not on post I was attending to him, as he would have + done for me. The next day John was not able to carry his knapsack and gun + on the march, and as we had no transportation, I carried his as well as my + own. The burden was very great for me, and when we arrived in camp I was + completely exhausted. John was not able to stand my guard, and when I told + the Sergeant my condition, he would not excuse me, and gave as a reason + that I had no business to carry John's gun and knapsack, inasmuch as I had + no orders from him to do so. I think the Sergeant would do much better as + a General than as a Sergeant. I may do him injustice, and I would not do + that for the world, but I do believe that he entertains the same high + opinion of himself that I do of him.' + </p> + <p> + "At which remark old Gen. Sleeman laughed again, and said, so as to be + heard, 'That boy will be a man some day, and, by the eternal, it would be + a crime—yes, a murder—to shoot him.' + </p> + <p> + "Continuing, James Whitcomb said: 'This, gentlemen of the Court, is my + excuse, no more, no less. I hope that John Martin may be called to verify + my statement.' + </p> + <p> + "When the boy sat down the whole Court were in tears. + </p> + <p> + "John Martin was called, and he did verify everything that had been stated + by James Whitcomb. This closed the evidence in the case. The Court + adjourned until the next day at 12 o'clock. When they met they began the + consideration of the verdict. The Judge-Advocate charged the Court that + the evidence was clear and conclusive; that the law fixed the penalty; + that there was no way out of it; they must find the fact that he did sleep + on his post, and that fact being found, the verdict must be death. + </p> + <p> + "The Court was two days coming to a conclusion. When they did, my God, it + was enough to make a man's blood run cold in his veins. They found him + guilty on all the charges and specifications, and sentenced him to be shot + to death, with only ten days' respite. The sentence was approved, and + orders given to manacle the boy and double his guard. Gen. Sleeman raved + like a madman, and came near resigning; said if the boy was shot he would + at once resign. As soon as the judgment of the Court was known, Jackson + took a leave of absence for ten days and left on the train that evening + for home. He came, and on his arrival was looking like a ghost. All ran to + him to welcome him. + </p> + <p> + "He soon assumed his wonted calmness, and talked with his mother, Mary + Anderson and Jennie, as well as the little girls, telling them all about + the army. His mother was still sick in bed over the murder of our son + Stephen; but we all enjoyed seeing Jackson, and were glad to know that + Peter and Gen. Anderson were well. Our family, you will observe, was not + very large at this time. Jackson made Aunt Martha happy by telling her + that Ham was well, and was behaving splendidly. + </p> + <p> + "'Thank de good Laud for dat. I always 'spects to hear he killed. But I + knows Ham; he am awful coward. He allers runs off when dere is any danger. + I have to look out for dat.' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson had a full report of the proceedings of the Court-Martial so far + as the testimony and the boy's statement was concerned. He read the whole + statement over to Jennie (David's widow), Mary Anderson and myself. As he + read the boy's statement the two ladies burst into tears. Mary Anderson + arose and walked the floor, looking like a Queen, and seemingly much + excited. Finally she said—I shall ever remember her words: + </p> + <p> + "'My God, what does all this mean? Has the great Father forsaken this + family? Four have already lost their lives, and one now suffering in some + loathsome prison if alive; my husband and Peter nearly at death's door on + more than one occasion; Seraine Whitcomb, a lovely girl, with her only + brother in the army (he a mere boy), she leaves her old father and mother + to take the chances of her life through the lines searching for one of our + family, and now her only brother under sentence of death for what he could + not help doing. Capt. Jackson, what do you propose?' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson replied that some one must proceed to Washington at once, and + that he thought it was not best to let the boy's parents in Detroit know + the facts, they being old people and alone (according to the statement of + the boy), and as the young lady is doubtless searching for Henry, as we + all surmise from her letter to our father, it is certainly our duty to + look after this boy's case ourselves. I have only ten days' leave from my + duty, and therefore brought these papers, thinking that father might + perhaps go to see the President. + </p> + <p> + "Mary Anderson spoke up at once and said: + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir; no, sir. Your father will not go. He must not leave Aunt Sarah + in her present condition. I will go; yes, I will go at once. Get me a + ticket, I want no trunk; my satchel will do. I will be off on the first + train.' + </p> + <p> + "Jennie said, 'Why, Mary, you will not go, will you?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, I am going. I am determined to do so. It is settled; so do not + attempt to stop me.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said Jennie, 'Uncle Daniel, what shall we do?' + </p> + <p> + "I replied, 'She is determined on it, and we will just help her to get off + at once.' + </p> + <p> + "So the ticket was procured and Mary was off with a good-bye, taking with + her a full statement of the case made out by Jackson, also his letter, and + a letter from me to the President. Under the circumstances this was a + painful trip to her—the anxiety as to her success; the fact that she + knew nothing about the family in whose behalf she was enlisted. She a + stranger to the President, how should she approach him? What could she say + to him? Suppose he would refuse to interpose in behalf of the boy? And a + thousand inquiries would come to her mind to annoy her. She slept none on + her way, but finally arrived safely in Washington, and went directly to + the Executive Mansion without stopping to take a mouthful of food or a + moment's repose. + </p> + <p> + "When she reached the threshold of the mansion she came near fainting; her + courage and strength both seemed to leave her all at once. Presently her + strength returned, and she asked to be admitted. The usher said, 'I will + see,' and took her name to the President; also my letter. The President + was alone. She could not speak. The President came forward and took her by + the hand and greeted her most kindly, saying that he almost knew her; that + he knew much of her through me, as I had spoken of her in connection with + her husband. The President said: + </p> + <p> + "'Your brave husband is so well known to me through my friend Mr. Lyon, + and through his daring on the field, that you would need no introduction + more than that I should know who you are; and I take it that you are on an + errand of mercy, as I am sure you could not be here to ask anything for + your husband, as I would do anything for him, as he knows, merely for the + asking by himself or my friend Lyon.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, Mr. President; you will never be troubled by me in that way. I am + truly on an errand of mercy and justice'; and here she broke down and + wept. + </p> + <p> + "When she recovered she said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. President, my errand is to save the destruction of a good family.' + </p> + <p> + "She then recited the facts as to the two old people, and that Seraine, + the only daughter, was now on an errand of mercy South somewhere. + </p> + <p> + "The President replied that he remembered giving her a letter at the + request of his friend Daniel Lyon, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'My dear Mrs. Anderson, there is hardly anything that I would not do for + any of Mr. Lyon's family, as well as Gen. Anderson and yourself; and, + certainly, if to prevent a calamity to such a family as you describe Mr. + Whitcomb's to be, I would do anything that would be proper and reasonable + for me to do.' + </p> + <p> + "She was very much encouraged by these remarks, and began to feel more at + ease. + </p> + <p> + "The President, seeing this, asked her many questions about her husband's + health, and also about my family. When she spoke of Stephen's foul murder, + the President walked the floor and remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'Most diabolical—fiendish.'" + </p> + <p> + ("Little did he or she then suppose that it was her own brother that had + committed this wicked and cruel murder.") + </p> + <p> + "By this time she was so much encouraged that she handed him the letter + and statement of Jackson. + </p> + <p> + "The President read the letter, and then read and reread Jackson's + statement. Great tears rolled down his bronzed cheeks as he read the + statement. He tapped a bell, and sent for the Secretary of War. The + Secretary soon came, and greeted Mrs. Anderson very cordially on being + introduced. The President asked him to take a seat, and handed him the + statement. He read it, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'I will at once see if any papers in this case have been forwarded.' + </p> + <p> + "During all this time imagine the suspense and fears of Mary Anderson. + </p> + <p> + "The Secretary sent to the Judge-Advocate-General, and found that the + papers had just arrived. + </p> + <p> + "The President said: + </p> + <p> + "'Let them be brought to me immediately.' + </p> + <p> + "When they were placed before him he read them over carefully, remarking, + when he had finished, that they were exactly as stated by Capt. Lyon. He + handed them to the Secretary and asked him to read them, which he did, and + laid them down without a word of comment. + </p> + <p> + "After some conversation between the two men, the President turned to her + and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mrs. Anderson, cheer up, weep no more; your friend shall not be hurt! + Instead of showing himself unworthy of clemency he has proven himself a + noble boy. The kindness which he showed to his messmate and neighbor boy + was enough to have commended him to mercy. He should have been + complimented for his kindness and excused from duty, instead of having it + imposed upon him. You can go home and bear the glad tidings to his father + and mother that their boy shall be saved for a better fate.' + </p> + <p> + "Mary Anderson, trembling with emotion, said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. President, you are so very kind, sir. But, if you will pardon me, + his father and mother know nothing of their boy's trouble. We kept it from + them, believing it would have caused them great distress. We desire to + keep it from them.' + </p> + <p> + "'Do you say that his father and mother do not know of this, nor that you + are here?' + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. President, they are not aware of the case.' + </p> + <p> + "'Mrs. Anderson, that was very considerate in your friends and yourself, + to keep this from them for the present at least.' + </p> + <p> + "The President then wrote, with his own hand, a telegram, ordering the + suspension of sentence against James Whitcomb—that he had been fully + pardoned—signed it and sent it to the office with directions that + the dispatch be sent at once. Mary Anderson on her knees thanked the + President from the fullness of her heart. He bade her rise; said he had + done nothing that she should thank him for; that if he had permitted such + a sentence to be carried out he never could have forgiven himself. He bade + her go home and carry the good tidings to her friends. He told her to give + me and my family his kindest regards. She then left with a light heart. + </p> + <p> + "She went directly to the train, forgetting that she had eaten nothing + during the day. She returned to us one of the happiest persons that ever + lived, and you may depend upon it that we all shared in her joy. Capt. + Jackson had returned to his command prior to Mary's return from Wash + ington. When we all got through with the family talk and Mary had eaten + her dinner, she gave us a full account of her trip, her agonies and + sensations on meeting the President. She was exceedingly happy in her + details about her trip and her success; but, strange to say, she never + alluded to it again voluntarily, and would, as much as possible, avoid + conversation on the subject when spoken to in reference to it. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson had asked that James Whitcomb be detailed from his regiment + and assigned to him as an Orderly at his Headquarters, which was done. And + again all was moving on quietly in the field." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Capt. Inglesby, "as I before stated, there would have been + warm times in that camp had they shot that boy. The whole camp had heard + the facts about his helping his comrade, and the soldiers with one voice + said he should not be executed. His pardon was a Godsend to the officers + who were intending to carry out the sentence. During all my experience + (and I was through the whole war) I never knew such a mutinous feeling in + the army as that sentence created." + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams remarked that in all his reading and experience in life there + had not been a female character brought to his notice who had shown the + will, determination and good judgment that Mrs. Anderson had from the + beginning of the war; her fixed Union principles; her determination to + make any and all sacrifices for the cause of her country; her persistence + in hunting for her husband when all others were sure of his death at + Dolinsburg—few women like her have lived in our time. "God bless + her, whether she is living or dead!" + </p> + <p> + The tears rolled down the old man's cheeks, but he uttered not one word in + response. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0012" id="link2HCH0012"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + MORGANSON'S RAID AND BATTLE OF CHEROKEE RUN.—THE REBEL + CAVALRYMEN WHIRL THROUGH INDIANA AND OHIO.—BEATEN AND + CAPTURED.—KNIGHTS OF THE GOLDEN CIRCLE CONTINUE THEIR + MACHINATIONS. + + "If that rebellion + Came like itself, in base and abject routs, + Led on by bloody youth, guarded with rage, + You revered father, and these noble lords + Had not been here to dress the ugly form + Of base and bloody insurrection." + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + "After the long-continued idleness of the Army of the Center around + Murphy's Hill, the people began to clamor for a movement of some decisive + character. + </p> + <p> + "During Gen. Rosenfelt's inactivity, Gen. Silent had moved with the Army + of the West against Gen. Pendleton, who had continued to obstruct + Conception River by holding Victor's Hill, as well as the grand bluffs + below. Gen. Silent had made some of the most wonderful marches and + successes ever known. He had opened ways for the water to flow from the + river into the lands; had cut canals through at different points; had run + the batteries of an hundred guns with his transports laden with supplies + for his army; marched on the opposite side of the river below Pendleton, + crossing his army below the Grand Bluffs in one day and night; moved out + against the enemy, who was in superior force, cutting loose from his own + base of supplies, and fought him in six hardly-contested battles with + victorious results each time, and he finally succeeded in hemming + Pendleton inside his fortifications at Victor's Hill and forcing him, with + his entire army, to surrender unconditionally. + </p> + <p> + "The President had also in the meantime placed Gen. Meader in command of + the Army of the East on account of the constant failure of other + commanders during the Spring campaigns. Soon after assuming command Meador + had gained a great victory over the enemy at Gotlenburg, and had driven + him back across Grand River to his own ground. The enemy had become so + encouraged by his victories over our armies heretofore, that he concluded + to try a second invasion of the loyal States. + </p> + <p> + "The people who desired the success of the Union forces were greatly + rejoiced over the victory at Gotlenburg and in the West by Gen. Silent, + and by them Rosenfelt was constantly urged to do something by way of + giving some activity to his army. But he hesitated and thought the heat of + Summer was too great in that climate for his men to march and endure the + fatigues of a campaign. This was so discouraging to his troops that many + of them sought relief by obtaining a leave of absence and returning home + for a few days. Among those who returned were Gen. Anderson and my son + Peter. When they arrived at home all greeted them with many hearty + welcomes. My wife by this time had so far recovered as to be up a portion + of the day, and the return of the General and Peter seemed to revive her + drooping spirits. The children were overjoyed and Aunt Martha was as much + delighted as any of the family, and repeated her confidence in the "good + Laud's" having saved the General for some good purpose. Finally she could + not restrain herself any longer, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Massa Gen'l, what you do wid Ham? Whar is he? I 'spect he be kill and + you done 'eluded you not tell ole Marfa'. + </p> + <p> + "'No, Martha,' said the General; 'Ham is well. I left him with Capt. + Jackson and Capt. Day to take care of our traps.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, dat's all right. I feered he kill.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, Aunty; he is all right.' + </p> + <p> + "The next day Joseph Dent came in from the farm and told us he had learned + the night before that a meeting of a few of the leading men had been held + at Windsor, Canada, and that meetings were to be held at different places + in the Northern States by prominent Knights of the Circle to consider what + was best to be done, and also to appoint delegates to meet somewhere in + Canada at a time and place to be hereafter designated, and that several + propositions were being considered about work which would be undertaken + very soon; such as destroying property, raiding in the North, releasing + prisoners, etc. + </p> + <p> + "This information was of such a character that we deemed it important to + have a full report of what was at the time being done in Canada, as that + seemed to be the base of the enemy's operations for our part of the + country, and inasmuch as Peter had promised James Whitcomb, now Orderly to + Gen. Anderson, that he would go to Detroit and visit his aged parents and + satisfy them of his innocence should they have learned of his misfortune + in having been court-martialed and condemned, we concluded that this would + be an excellent opportunity for him to pass over to Windsor or elsewhere + in Canada and gather what information he could. This being understood, he + left at once, desirous that no time should be lost during his leave of + absence. + </p> + <p> + "The family being gathered in the parlor that evening, Gen. Anderson said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mary, now give us your experience as a visitor at the White House; how + the President appeared to you, etc.?' + </p> + <p> + "Mary related what had transpired in a modest way, saying in conclusion + that nothing but the feeling aroused in her breast by the outrage that was + about to be perpetrated upon that poor, innocent boy could have induced + her to have undertaken such an expedition. She said she could do anything + except to ask favors. Said she: + </p> + <p> + "'Tom, my dear, you need have no fears about my ever becoming a lobbyist + in Washington, or a courtier at the White House. I have tried appealing to + the President once, and although successful that time, and treated + courteously and kindly by that big-hearted and noble old patriot, yet I + have hardly recovered from my scare up to this time; and now I do hope + that you will never mention this again, for it does really give me a + palpitation of the heart whenever the subject is alluded to. I am a + coward, I know I am, and am frightened still.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Mary, you did a noble act, and I am the prouder of you for it.' He + kissed her and she sank down in her chair overcome with emotion. We then + changed the subject, and the General entertained us by recitals of the + trials and vicissitudes of the army. We were all enjoying the visit of the + General very much and hoped to have a pleasant time, but a few days after + his arrival the country about Allentown became greatly alarmed and + excited. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Morganson, of whom I have heretofore spoken, had crossed from + Kentucky at or near Louis City into Indiana, and was raiding the country, + taking horses, wagons, and all kinds of property that could serve any + purpose whatever in aiding the rebellion or in facilitating its movements. + Stores were pillaged, houses plundered, banks robbed, and farms laid + waste. The people were taken entirely by surprise, and the only thing that + could be resorted to to meet the emergency that was upon them, was for the + loyal citizens along the raider's path before and behind to assemble and + make resistance and obstruction to his march. Gen. Anderson, comprehending + the situation, at once gathered together a few men and started in pursuit + of Morganson. He collected men and material as he went. He also aroused + the people to action everywhere. Morganson's force was being recruited + from the Golden Circle as he passed through the country. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0016" id="linkimage-0016"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0206.jpg" width="100%" alt="Morganson's Raid 206 " /> + </div> + <p> + "That community was never so thoroughly excited before. Many murders were + committed on his line of march, and this one had lost his horses, that one + had his house plundered; this town had been sacked, and in some instances + burned, and so on. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson made his march as rapidly as he could with raw men and + horses. He finally struck Morganson's rear and forced him to make a stand. + Gen. Anderson dismounted his men and told every man to cover himself + behind a tree where it could be done. The contest lasted for about an + hour, when a small body of men who had been gathered together in advance + of the raiders, struck him in the rear, as he was then facing, and caused + a great stampede, and his force broke in various directions through the + woods. Morganson turned upon this small force and drove it back, making + his escape. Gen. Anderson followed him up closely, however, forcing him to + change his course in the direction of the river. Gen. Broomfield had + withdrawn a small force from Kentucky, which finally joined Gen. Anderson. + Morganson was preparing to cross the river at a point near an island, the + water being shallow there. Gen. Anderson with his raw recruits and about + 100 of Broom-field's men at once assaulted him, broke his line, and killed + and wounded many of his men as they were attempting to cross the river. + After hard fighting for a few moments Morganson and those of his command + that were still with him surrendered. + </p> + <p> + "This ended the raiders and their foolish exploits. The men who had + volunteered to follow Gen. Anderson were of all ages and sizes—from + the schoolboy to the grandfather. None of them had been in the army or at + any time seen service, so that they were without any sort of discipline, + with the exception of a few who were at home on furlough from their + regiments, and some of Gen. Broomfield's command. But Gen. Anderson said + that they fought like veterans, each one in his own way. Morganson and his + command were taken to Camp Chase for safe keeping, and Gen. Anderson + returned to Allentown to enjoy the leave of absence interrupted by the + raiders. + </p> + <p> + "Joseph Dent came in the next morning after Gen. Anderson's return, and + told us that when Morganson entered Indiana on his raid the Golden Circles + were notified, and were getting ready to join him and make war all over + the State, but that he appeared too soon for them; that on account of his + (Dent's) illness he had not been able to advise us earlier." + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams inquired who this Gen. Morganson was. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel said: "He was part of Forrester's command, that had raided + around Rosenfelt so much during the previous Winter and Spring. He had + crossed the Combination River to the east of Rosenfelt at Carthage, moving + nearly due south by way of Greenberry, avoiding all points at which there + were Union troops. He doubtless believed either that the members of the + Golden Circle were ready to join him, armed and equipped, or that his raid + would strike consternation into the hearts of the people, inasmuch as our + armies were all far away from where he proposed to lay the scene of his + audacious exploits. But he made a mistake when he began to take horses and + other property from all alike, whether Union men or rebel sympathizers. + This changed the sentiments of many people very rapidly." + </p> + <p> + Said Maj. Clymer: "What has become of Gen. Morgan-son? I have not heard of + him since the war." + </p> + <p> + "He was killed somewhere in Tennessee soon after his escape from Camp + Chase, so I have been informed. + </p> + <p> + "During Gen. Anderson's absence in pursuit of Morgan-son, Peter was + traveling rapidly through Canada. He returned the day following Gen. + Anderson's from his capture of the raiders. + </p> + <p> + "The people everywhere seemed to be greatly rejoiced at the General's + success. He received a great ovation from the citizens of Allentown, and + they cheered whenever he made his appearance. This caused him to keep very + close to the house, as he was not fond of demonstration. The people, + however, flocked to see him, and many of them could see great virtues in + our family who, prior to that time, did not know us because we were not + good enough for their society. So you see their own safety was the + patriotic spark that burned brightly in their bosoms. But this is human + nature. Selfishness seems to pervade nearly all, as is evidenced every + day. Many of those who wanted the rebellion to succeed did so not because + they were really rebels, but because they had said that we could not + conquer them, and were willing to see our Government destroyed, merely to + get a chance in the future to say to every one, 'I told you so.' These + people now want the Government placed in the hands of its enemies for the + same reason, so as to say, 'You cannot keep the control out of the hands + of such able and brave men as these.' Thus, you see, it is in many merely + a selfish pride of former expressed opinions." + </p> + <p> + "That is a new idea, Uncle Daniel," said Dr. Adams; "but I am not sure but + there is much in what you say." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Doctor; experience and close observation have taught me many things + that I would have been slow to believe years ago. I am wandering, however, + from what I was stating. + </p> + <p> + "The next evening after Peter's return we were all at tea and while at the + table Aunt Sarah, my good wife, asked Peter the condition of his foot. + Peter replied that it was nearly well; he did not suffer from it except + occasionally when he caught cold in it. + </p> + <p> + "'You must be very careful, Peter,' said she; 'I am fearful about it. You + know how your brother James lingered and finally died with a mere cut on + his hand. I was disturbed about your wound last night in my sleep. I was + dreaming about it.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, mother,' said Peter, 'you seem to be dreaming something + constantly, and will continue to do so, so long as you allow yourself to + be worried.' + </p> + <p> + "But Peter ceased speaking on the subject, and his face took the sad + expression that seemed to have fixed itself upon him. I then spoke up to + relieve the matter and said, 'Wife, you must not worry so much. You are + just able to be out, and I fear you will make yourself sick again. Peter + will take care of himself—at least I hope so.7 + </p> + <p> + "Aunt Martha seemed to be listening to our conversation, and (having been + greatly indulged by all our family on account of marked kindness to Gen. + Anderson as well as to all the rest of the family) here chimed in and + said: + </p> + <p> + "'Marsa Lyon, I tells you dat you is wrong on dat pint. De mans don't know + how to take kear of demsefs. Now, dars Ham. He's like to get kill any day, + he am. He don't know nuffin, he don't.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson and Peter laughed when she spoke of Ham getting killed. + Peter seemed to lose for the time-being his sad countenance, when he + remembered about Ham getting under the brush at Stone Run. + </p> + <p> + "Aunt Martha knew nothing about Ham's precipitate retreat during the last + battle, so she continued by saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Jes' see, Massa Tom, de Gen'l dar. Whar he bin if he lef wid de mans + when he got shotted at dat fight at Dolins-burg? He done bin dead sho. + Dars whar he bin. I tell you de good Laud know who he trus' him wid; yes + sah, he do. So he put him wid me and den he make my ole head cifer out de + cures what fotched him out. Jes' kase he want Marsa for good work, dat's + why. What would Ham do curin' him up? No, sah, he not know how, and de + Laud no trus' him.' + </p> + <p> + "Peter said: 'Aunt Martha, you rather like the Lord, I take it.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sah, I do. He be good. He fotched de poor darkies out ob workin' + all de time for nuffin for dem Sesh, and he know what he doin'. He goin' + to let dem Sesh 'spect dat dey whip dem Yanks affer while, but he not let + dem do it. He jes' coaxin' dem on till he git good men hold of de army, + den dey all git smash up. Jes' like Genl Tom, de Laud save him for dat. + Don't you see dat? My! when Marsa Tom git after dem Sesh, dey done gits + ebry time, dey do; don't dey, Marsa Lyon.' + </p> + <p> + "I agreed with her and the rest laughed. She finally cut her speech short + and retired to the kitchen. + </p> + <p> + "After tea Gen. Anderson gave us quite an amusing account of his little + improvised army that followed Morgan-son. He said no braver set of men + ever marched, but that it was very hard to tell his men from the raiders + when they got together; that some were riding in saddles and some without, + substituting a doubled up blanket or quilt; some were on old and some were + on young horses; some were on ponies and some on mules, some wore + 'stove-pipe' hats, some caps, some straw hats, and some were without + either. Some had on frock, some dress, and some round-coats, and many + entirely without coats of any kind; some with boots, some with shoes, and + some entirely barefoot. Take them all in all, they were in dress <i>à la</i> + Falstaff's troop, but they were a success, and did what the Army of the + Center, under Rosenfelt, had failed to do, and that was to capture the + rebel cavalry. This raid of Morganson was an audacious adventure, + doubtless encouraged by the Knights of the Golden Circle, and had he + waited long enough I have no doubt that we would have had an uprising in + Indiana that would have been very troublesome to put down. It was quite + fortunate that it occurred when it did." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Dr. Adams; "I have no doubt that plans were being perfected + about that time and later on for a general raiding and plunder of many + cities, as well as portions of the North outside of cities, where we could + be seriously damaged." + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel resumed, saying: "During that evening we discussed matters + generally, but Peter felt very much disappointed at his being absent in + Canada while Gen. Anderson was bagging Morganson. He said that it was just + his luck to miss everything of this kind, but that he always had the luck + to get into some hard place in front of the enemy, and usually get hurt in + some way or other, but that when it came to getting rebels into a place + where they could be easily whipped or captured or chased out of the + country, the luck seemed always to fall to Gen. Anderson. He turned to the + General, and with a twinkle of the eye asked him if he had Ham with him to + assist in hiving these Sesh. The General laughed and said no; that Ham was + back watching out for the Army of the Center and keeping Gen. Forrester + from coming in some morning and taking away our trunks and camp equipage. + At this they both laughed. + </p> + <p> + "Peter said: 'Ham will not have quite the trouble that we have all had + heretofore since Forrester's command has been depleted by Morganson's + capture.' + </p> + <p> + "'No,' replied the General; 'he will only need to watch one of them now.' + The conversation then turned on Peter's trip into Canada. + </p> + <p> + "I inquired if he saw Mr. and Mrs. Whitcomb. He said that he spent one + night at their house; said they were nice old people, very religious, and + lovely in every respect; that they were very proud of their children and + spoke of James as a brave and good boy. They knew nothing whatever about + his having been in trouble. When he told them that he knew him and that he + was on duty with Gen. Anderson, they were delighted, and asked many + questions about the army, our prospects, etc. They spoke of Seraine as + their lovely daughter; knew about her mission, her fondness for Henry, + and, in fact, gave him much information about Henry prior to the war that + we did not know. Altogether his stay with them was very pleasant. After + hearing about these good people, in whom we all felt an interest, I + insisted on his now giving us a full report of what he had found out about + the situation in Canada in reference to the conspiracy and conspirators. + </p> + <p> + "He stated that on leaving Detroit, Mich., he went directly to Windsor, + and while there became acquainted with several gentlemen, one from Chicago + in particular by the name of John Wall. Peter, having learned all about + the Golden Circle, their signs, passwords, etc., had no trouble in making + himself known, and, as he represented that he was from Nashville, Tenn., + he got along without being suspected by any one. Wall and he became + friends at once, and as they had rooms adjacent at the hotel they were + together the first night in Peter's room until very late. Wall knew all + about Morganson's raid, but not about his failure and capture. Peter + learned that on his way home from the Detroit papers. Wall told Peter that + he feared Morganson would not succeed in obtaining many recruits, as the + authorities in Canada at the head of the organization had not furnished + the arms that were promised to their friends in Indiana and Ohio; that he + was at that time there for the purpose of procuring arms for Illinois, and + that he had been sent there to see Mr. Jacob Thomlinson and a Mr. C. C. + Carey on that business. He said he was to have the arms smuggled through + to Chicago, where they would be subject to the orders of one Mr. N. Judy + Cornington, and that the intention was to release the prisoners at Chicago + and Bock Island at a time to be agreed upon for Camp Chase, Chicago, and + other places. At this point Gen. Anderson inquired if Wall was a man about + five feet eight inches in height, heavy build, gray eyes and light hair + mixed with gray, about half and half. Peter replied in the affirmative. + The General said: + </p> + <p> + "'He is the same man Wall that I met in company with Cornington, Buckner + and Eagle when I was in Chicago on my voyage of discovery.' + </p> + <p> + "'No doubt of it,' said Peter. Peter continued by saying that Wall gave + him full particulars as to what was intended. He said that so soon as arms + could be procured and the prisoners released it would be made so hot for + the Abolitionists, as he called the Union men, that they would be glad to + call their army back from the South in order to protect themselves against + fire and plunder in the North; that men were now organizing to burn many + of the cities North, and if that did not bring the Abolitionists to terms + other methods would be resorted to, but that the destruction of property + would be effective, as the North cared more for their property than they + did for the Government. The next day they met a man by the name of Tucker, + who was on his way to Montreal, where he was to meet Jacob Thomlinson and + Mr. Carey, in order to consult with them about what was to be done in the + direction mentioned by Wall. + </p> + <p> + "He said that arms must be procured at once; that the friends North were + ready but that no means had yet been provided so that they could act. He + thought that if Jacob Thomlinson did not have the arms in Canada he should + at once proceed or send to England for them; that he was ready himself to + perform the journey. To this Wall replied 'That is all that is wanted in + Illinois.' Tucker said that already men were in England procuring and + preparing material only recently discovered that would burn up all the + cities of the North without endangering the parties applying it, and + should this fail something else must be resorted to; that the Confederacy + could not and must not fail. He was in favor of assassinating every + leading man North if absolutely necessary to procure their independence. + </p> + <p> + "Peter met several other Southern men while in Canada, as well as quite a + number of Northern men, who were in the conspiracy, and said that they all + seemed to be imbued with the same feeling and spirit—a determination + to have the rebellion succeed at no matter what cost. In their desperation + he thought they would resort to any means, no matter how destructive, + barbarous, or murderous. He left Wall and Tucker, and visited one or two + other places, and then returned, as he thought he was meeting too many + Southern men who might afterwards recognize him. His statement only + strengthened what we already had reason to believe. Peter also said that + this man Tucker and Wall placed great reliance in Valamburg, of Ohio, and + Thomas A. Strider and Bowen, of Indiana, and felt sure that they would + arouse the people of the North against the Administration to such an + extent that the war men would be put out by the people, and anti-war men + put in their places, so that a recognition of the Southern Confederacy + would be assured. The only thing that seemed to alarm them was the success + of Silent at Victor's Hill and Meador at Gotlenburg. They said they had + fears that these two men were their greatest enemies, and would relieve + from the Union army all the officers who were not Abolitionists. They + seemed to mean all who were opposed to the Administration. They appeared + to understand but two classes of men in the North—their sympathizing + friends, and Abolitionists. + </p> + <p> + "I made Peter write out his statement and leave it with me. I sent it to + the President, and soon received his thanks through his Secretary. + </p> + <p> + "Two days later Gen. Anderson and Peter left for their commands, and on + their arrival at the Army of the Center they were most enthusiastically + received by officers and men. An officer said: + </p> + <p> + "'General, you had to go home to get a chance at the rebs.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' the General replied, 'Morganson and his men were merely visiting + up North during the vacation.' + </p> + <p> + "The General found his staff officers, orderlies, and old Ham at his + Headquarters. When he had seen them all and inquired as to their welfare, + he told James Whitcomb about Peter having seen his parents. This delighted + the boy very much to think that any of us should care enough about him to + seek out his father and mother. Ham, being present, concluded that it was + about his time to say a word, so he inquired of the General about Martha. + The General told him that she was well, and sent love to him, and said she + prayed for his safety. + </p> + <p> + "Ham laughed and said: 'I's not killed yet, but I 'spec' I will be some + day; for de nex' time I's gwine right into de fight, so I is. I jes' tell + you, Marsa Gen'l, I done sleep on dis, and jes' make up my mind dat I + fight dem Sesh de berry nex' time we git at em.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Ham,' said the General, 'I am not sure that we will need you to do + any fighting; but we would like it if you would stay around where we could + find you, the next battle in which we are engaged. Will you do that?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sah! I will, no mistake, dis time.' He got up pretty close to the + General, and said, 'Marsa Gen'l, you didn't tole Marfa 'bout I hidin' in + de bush, did you?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, Ham; we said nothing about it to any one.' + </p> + <p> + "'Thank you, Marsa Gen'l; thank you, sah. I go now an' look after de + hoses; I guess dey hungry.' + </p> + <p> + "'All right, Ham,' said the General; 'go on.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Rosenfelt at this time was reorganizing and putting his army in + shape for a forward movement. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Papson had been home, and had just returned and was changing some of + his divisions. In this change he had assigned some three more regiments to + Gen. Anderson, thereby making his division very strong. After the + reorganization had been completed, Rosenfelt called several of his + Generals together at his Headquarters and talked over the proposition to + advance upon the enemy, and found perfect unanimity among them in favor of + an early advance. He then said to them that he should move within ten + days. His Quartermasters and Commissaries were put to work and were busily + engaged in procuring supplies and having them loaded into the several + corps and division train-wagons. Everything was active in camp. The horses + and mules were being re-shod, and the sound of many anvils could be heard + both by day and by night. Officers were supplying their mess-chests and + obtaining extra supplies, as they supposed there would not be another + opportunity very soon. At this time the Army of the Center numbered some + 60,000 effective men, and was in splendid condition as to health, but had + grown somewhat lazy after so long a rest in camp with nothing to do. Gen. + Biggs, who was in his front, had scattered his forces very much, and while + he had fewer infantry than Rosenfelt, he had more cavalry. His cavalry, + however, had been diminished by the silly exploit of Morganson, who, as we + know, had been captured with many of his men, and those who were not + captured had concluded that raiding was unprofitable and did not return to + Bigg's army again. His force was divided about as follows: Polkhorn was at + Shell-town with about 20,000 men; Harding was at Waterhouse, to the right + some distance, with some 10,000 men; and at Tullahoming, with about 15,000 + men, lay Chatham in a well-intrenched position, his cavalry to the front + and left of his army about 8,000 strong. Gen. Bertram, who surrendered + Dolinsburg to Gen. Silent, was now holding Knoxburg and Chatteraugus with + some 18,000 men, about equally divided between the two places. + </p> + <p> + "Rosenfelt was now compelled to attack his intrenched position or move to + the left, thereby endangering his communication to the rear. This was + somewhat perplexing to him. In marching forward he would be obliged to + leave forces behind him to guard his communications, thereby constantly + diminishing his strength, while the enemy in falling back would lose none + of his strength. Looking at the situation after he was ready, he again + concluded not to move. This caused a terrible clamor both in and out of + the army. Finally he was ordered peremptorily to move forward against the + enemy. He obeyed the order, the army was put in motion, and a forward + movement began. The question was how to out maneuver Biggs. A feint was + made on Shelltown, which lay in the direct route of his march. This caused + Biggs to concentrate his forces at this point. While this movement was + being made our main forces were moved by rapid marches to Munster on the + enemy's right, which jeopardized his communications with Chatteraugus and + the valley south. + </p> + <p> + "Biggs now finding his forces flanked, and seeing the danger of being cut + off from a junction with Bertram, fled precipitately over the mountains to + Fayette. Rosenfelt finding that Biggs had retreated in such hot haste, was + deceived into the belief that Biggs had gone into Georgia at or near + Romulus, and on finding that Bertram had left Chatteraugus with his + command, concluded that the enemy were re-enforcing the rebel army in the + East, and therefore thought to push on with force enough to attack and + defeat him, at the same time holding the strong points in the rear. So he + sent Gen. Critsinger with his corps to Chatteraugus, and with the rest of + his force marched over the mountain into the valley, intending to have the + larger portion of Critsinger's Corps join him in the valley, and then to + move south. Instead, however, of Gen. Biggs having sent any portion of his + army to re-enforce the rebel army in the East, he was concentrating all + his forces at Fayette and quietly awaiting re-enforcements from the East. + Gen. Longpath, with a corps of 20,000 men, was moving on railroad cars as + rapidly as possible to the support of Biggs. Gen. Rosenfelt was now on the + road between Bridgeton and Fayette without any knowledge as to the + whereabouts of Biggs, and yet he was now within fifteen miles of him, and + Biggs with somewhere about 80,000 men was lying in wait for Rosenfelt's + advance. During this afternoon a lady came into camp and asked to be shown + to Gen. Rosenfelt's Headquarters. When she appeared to the General he at + once recognized Mrs. Houghton, who had made such a trip just before the + battle of Murphy's Hill, in order to give the General the movements of the + enemy on his right the night before the assault. The General was + exceedingly glad to see her. She was invited to partake of soldiers' fare, + and was very pleasantly entertained. As soon as she could get an + opportunity she said to the General: + </p> + <p> + "'Are yot going to meet Gen. Biggs with your army?' + </p> + <p> + "The General responded: 'Yes, if I can ever find him.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, General, if you continue marching in the direction that you are + now going, you will find him to-morrow.' + </p> + <p> + "The General laughed and said, 'I hope so; but, my dear lady, he is near + Romulus.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, General, he is not; he is at Fayette.' + </p> + <p> + "'At Fayette?' said the General with astonishment. 'You say he is at + Fayette?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sir, I do; I saw his camp this day; I was not in the camp, but in + sight of it. I have been at Smallwood, some fifteen miles south of + Fayette, and know that Gen. Long-path, with his corps from Gen. Law's + command in Virginia has joined Biggs. The last of these troops passed on + yesterday for Fayette, and I was told by a well-informed person that the + corps would increase Bigg's army to between eighty and ninety thousand + men.' + </p> + <p> + "'Impossible!' said Rosenfelt; 'he would not have more than sixty thousand + with these.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; but, General, you must know that 20,000 of the Victor's Hill + paroled prisoners captured by Gen. Silent have been collected together and + organized into a corps under Gen. Stephenson, and are now in camp with + Biggs.' + </p> + <p> + "'Is that so?' inquired Rosenfelt. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, General; what I have stated is true, and I hope you will believe me + this time. I once before took the chances of my life to give you correct + information, and had you believed my statement as then made to Gen. Papson + many a poor soldier might be living to-day who sleeps beneath the sod. I + come now as I did then, merely because I love my country, and for no other + reason. These rebels treat me kindly and never ask me a question which + would indicate their suspicion of me. I do not dislike them personally, + but I am an inborn Union woman, would make any sacrifice for the + preservation of our Government. General, you are in the greatest danger of + having your army destroyed. If I were a man and a General in command of + this army I would fall back at once to Chatteraugus and make resistance, + as they are sure to attack you in a very short time. The understanding + with them is that they must crush your army before re-enforcements arrive + to your support from the Army of the West, that army having cleared that + portion of the country of the enemy.' + </p> + <p> + "Rosenfelt said: 'If you had seen the army and made an estimate of its + strength, I would then have no doubt, but I am persuaded that you are + mistaken as to the whole rebel army being at Fayette. They say so to you, + but there is merely a force there to impede my march. It is a mere + outpost. Their main army is at Romulus, Ga.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, General, I should not like very much to see you move on this + outpost at Fayette, and I beseech you to send your scouts and find out the + exact situation before you make any further movement, as I assure you that + you will not proceed very far on this road without a great battle, and one + that you will have cause to remember the rest of your life.' + </p> + <p> + "And so he has." + </p> + <p> + "The General said: 'Well, it is best to proceed with great caution at all + times, and inasmuch as I know you feel sure of what you say, and having + given very correct information heretofore, I will halt for the day and + send my cavalry to Fayette and let them clear the town of the rebels.' + </p> + <p> + "'Mrs. Houghton laughed and said: 'General, you had better give orders to + have what will be left of them (if you should send them there with such + orders) return and let you know which road will be left to you to march + on, which ever direction you may wish to go.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the General, 'you seem to think we will not be strong enough + for the enemy.' + </p> + <p> + "'General, he has a great army.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Rosenfelt concluded that perhaps he had better be prepared, so he + placed Gen. McCabe's Corps on the right, Gen. Critsinger in the center; + Gen. Papson being some ten miles to his left near Cherokee Run, was + allowed to remain. His cavalry, under Gen. Straiter, was ordered to take + the main road to Fayette, and to enter the town if possible; but at all + events to feel the enemy and ascertain his position and force. The cavalry + were late in getting in motion, and when they had gone some ten miles the + darkness of the night impeded any rapid movement. But their orders were + such that they must move on. Soon they struck the rebel pickets, who + retired before them. Finally they approached the rebel camp which was + lighted and stretching out for miles to the east and south. The rebels had + discovered the approach of the cavalry and sent two regiments of infantry + on a side road to their rear, who opened on them from an unsuspected + quarter. This forced Gen. Straiter to strike off to his left, following a + road leading from Fayette to the old Mission House. By doing this he made + his escape with small loss, but was completely cut off from his retreat + back to Rosenfelt's Headquarters. He traveled all night and struck the + left of Gen. Papson's Corps at daylight, giving this information to + Papson, which was at once sent to Rosenfelt. Messengers were sent with all + dispatch to inform him of the situation, and not only so, but to say that + it looked as though the enemy were about moving, and Gen. Papson thought + they would be most likely to strike our left. This Rosenfelt did not + credit, as he could not see, if they intended an attack, why they would + not attack our right. In this he was mistaken. The enemy were intending to + turn our left, take possession of the Mission House road, and interpose + between Chatter-augus and our army, secure Chatteraugus and Bridgeton, + thereby taking possession of the lines of railroad between there and + Nashua, forcing Rosen felt away from his base of supplies, and, + eventually, to destroy and capture his army. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Papson, taking in the situation, ordered one of his divisions, with + Straiter's tired cavalry, at once on and across the road in rear of + Cherokee Run, holding two of the main crossings, at the same time + notifying Rosenfelt of his position and the reasons for it. In the + meantime Rosenfelt had concluded that the information given him by Mrs. + Houghton was in part correct. Having said this much to her, she asked to + be permitted to go into Chatteraugus, which she could do by crossing over + in the rear of the army to the Mission House road. Her request was + granted, and she started on her way. She had not traveled far before she + heard cannonading. She was then sure that the battle had begun. Rosenfelt + was greatly perplexed. Finally he agreed to Papson's suggestions, and + ordered Crit-singer's Corps to the left, and to join on to Papson's right. + By this time he could hear the sound of artillery in the distance, but + held McCabe, believing that the attack would most likely be made on that + road and on his right. Gen. Papson, seeing that one brigade of the enemy + had advanced to the crossing on Cherokee Run, did not hesitate, but + ordered Gen. Anderson to attack it, which he did at once. The contest was + a sharp one, but the enemy were driven back very much broken up, with + heavy loss in killed and wounded. Papson then threw Palmerston's division + in on the extreme left, on high ground, covering the road and crossing + well with artillery. In the afternoon a strong force under Polkhorn + advanced, and furiously attacked the two divisions under Anderson and + Palmerston. The contest raged for over an hour. + </p> + <p> + "Palmerston was driven from his position, and our cavalry, which had been + posted on his left, was broken into fragments. Gen. Anderson changed front + with his left brigade and struck Polkhorn in flank and forced him back on + his main line. Palmerston was now supported by Sherlin's division and his + former position retaken. By this time Longpath had come up on Polkhorn's + left and had assailed violently Critsinger's left, and after a severe + struggle, in which the loss was great on both sides, our lines gave way + and the rebels came through and down the slope of the hill in perfect + swarms. Papson, quietly and coolly, as if in church, threw a portion of + his corps into the breach and checked the advance. He then adjusted + Critsinger's line and moved at once against Longpath's right and broke it, + driving it back in great confusion. He then advanced his whole line and + drove the enemy back for some distance through the woods on to his + reserves, and in this position night closed in on the two armies. During + the night Rosen-felt came up with McCabe's Corps, which was now posted on + a ridge to the right of Critsinger. This being done, he had his corps + commanders assemble at his Headquarters, now near Papson. When all were + together the manner of the enemy's assault was stated and various views + given as to his number. Some contended that his whole army was engaged; + some, his right wing only. + </p> + <p> + "General Papson was of a different opinion. He thought that the day's + battle had been fought on the part of the enemy by his advance merely; + that he was marching rapidly, believing that he could pass around our left + flank on the Mission House Road, by way of Roseville, into Chatteraugus + without much of a struggle, thinking our army all to be on the Bridgeton + and Fayette road; that in the morning they would attack with their whole + force; and for that we should prepare during the night. Rosenfelt agreed + that all arrangements for a great battle must be made during the night. He + directed that the lines be adjusted and made as compact as possible, and + all be ready to receive their assault by daylight in the morning. He then + sent out to find his cavalry commander, Straiter. When found it was + ascertained that part of his command had retreated to Roseville. + </p> + <p> + "The General ordered him to get his command together that night and move + by daylight in the morning around our left, and on the right of the enemy, + and attack his right flank; to dismount his men and fight them as he would + infantry, and to fall back on Palmerston's left and there take his + position, and to maintain it if possible. He directed McCabe to refuse the + right of his line and to close up on the left with Critsinger. Papson he + directed to take command of the left and center and to advance, if he + should drive the enemy in the direction of the Mission House road, so as + to get the enemy across it if possible. The two armies could be heard + during the entire night moving into different positions. The movements of + the artillery sounded at times as if it was coming into the other's line. + Hospital parties could be heard on both sides in search of the wounded. + The light of the fires could be seen for miles on either side, where the + men were getting their scanty meals and perhaps their last one. Rosenfelt + was busy all night in giving directions for the morrow. He rode all along + his lines during the night. + </p> + <p> + "Biggs intended to make the assault at the opening of day the next + morning. Polkhorn was to move around and make an assault on our left and + center with one wing of the rebel army, composed of two corps. This attack + was delayed, however, by a heavy fog that hung over the field, lasting for + some two or three hours, giving Gen. Papson time to strengthen his lines. + At length the breathless suspense came to an end. Bolenbroke with a full + division had moved around on Papson's left flank (our cavalry failing to + get round as ordered) and made a most desperate assault. This was taken up + by successive Confederate divisions toward the center with a view of + getting possession of the road to Chatteraugus. Gen. Papson was equal to + the occasion, and Bolenbroke was soon hurled back in utter rout, two of + his Generals killed—Helmer and Deshling—and many of their men + and officers killed, wounded and taken prisoners. + </p> + <p> + "In the same manner were all attempts to break Papson's line abortive. + While these things were going well and Pap-son's command proving itself + the superior of the enemy, rolling him back in dismay, a terrible disaster + befell us on the right, which endangered the safety of our whole army. + </p> + <p> + "In the morning, very early, Rosenfelt, in passing along the lines of his + army, discovered that McCabe was stretched out like a string, with no + solidity whatever in his line; that Davies with his division was entirely + detached from the main line and isolated; and Critsinger was also + stretched over entirely too much ground. He at once ordered the proper + dispositions to be made, which was not attended to until late, and in + changing these divisions the movement was attended with the most fearful + results to our troops, a gap being opened in our front by the withdrawal + of one of our divisions to the rear, the place not being closed up, as it + should have been. On its discovery by the enemy, Longpath threw Hoadley's + division in at this point, at the same time assaulting our right flank + with Bertram's force. By this movement and assault on our flank our whole + right wing was utterly disorganized and demoralized. They rushed in every + direction. The commanders seemed to be stampeded and worse demoralized (if + such a thing could be) than even the men. The woods swarmed with + disorganized bands of men without officers. The whole right became a + confused mass, mingling together without any reference to organization. In + this mixed and confused condition they came like a rushing torrent through + the woods in all directions; but finally, getting the direction to the + northward, they bore everything along in the same direction. Rosen-felt, + by some means, was carried along by this moving mass in the direction of + Roseville, and, being now separated from the rest of the army, he + continued his way to Chatter-augus, the presumption at least being that he + went to Chatteraugus in order to collect together and reform his shattered + divisions, that Papson might be properly protected in his looked-for + retreat with the remainder of the army. + </p> + <p> + "When Papson was looked for he was not to be seen coming on the road. He + had met the shock which came upon him after the General commanding and the + whole right wing had abandoned the field, leaving him and his command to + take care of themselves. Papson stood like the pillars of Hercules, and + met every assault of the combined army of Biggs with his single corps. + Gen. Gregor came back from the retreating column with his command, as also + did several other brigades. They were reconstructed hurriedly and formed + in line in support of Papson. He soon distributed these troops and + strengthened his flank. He fell back to a ridge across the road over which + the enemy were moving, and here reformed his lines and encouraged his men. + Gens. Anderson and Sherlin were gathering and putting in line anywhere + that they could do so the men who had been lost from their commands on the + right. The rebels were now advancing on Papson with the assurance of an + easy and triumphant march upon Chatteraugus, where they expected to make + prisoners of Rosenfelt and his entire army. Papson was still receiving + companies and regiments returning to the field after finding that a + portion of our army stood its ground. Batteries that had been abandoned on + the field by McCabe and Crit-singer in their stampede were gathered and + put in position with other artillerymen to work them. Gen. Gregor was + moved to the right with his returned forces (who redeemed themselves at + once), he hurled one of Longpath's divisions from a hill on Papson's + right, where a flank attack was intended by the enemy. By this success we + gained the position that entirely protected our right. Papson now with his + small force was in a strong position. The fighting continued on different + parts of our line. Palmerston had been again driven from the left and Gen. + Anderson again sent to his support. He fell upon the enemy with his + command and drove him back with great slaughter. Palmerston was again + re-established, and, with his position strengthened, could now hold it. + The battle raged with great fury the full length of the line, and never + did a Spartan band stand more firmly than did our gallant men. At four + o'clock like a mighty tempest in all its most terrible fury did the + musketry and artillery of the enemy burst forth upon Papson's devoted + columns, the entire rebel forces moving down upon him in solid phalanx. + Our forces replied with all their artillery. The roar of the artillery, + with its blazing fire, the rattle of the musketry on both sides, equaled + any ever heard or witnessed. Solid masses boldly marched up in front of + Papson's lines, where they were literally mowed down by our musketry and + discharges of shrapnel and canister from our batteries. They would recoil + and then move forward again into the very jaws of death. You could see + them fall almost in heaps, as it were. + </p> + <p> + "This character of contest continued until darkness set in, our columns + not moving or swerving in the least. At dark the enemy retreated. The + victory of Gen. Papson was complete. Had the whole army remained and + supported Papson during the day a great battle would have been won by our + army, and Biggs driven out of the country, although his army was so + greatly in excess of Rosen-felt's in numbers. As the battle closed Papson + received orders from Rosenfelt at Chatteraugus to fall back to Rose-ville, + which was done. They encamped there for the night. Gen. Anderson and staff + were worn out and hungry. They hunted their Headquarters, but Headquarters + were not there. Old Ham was nowhere to be found, and no provision had been + made for anything to eat. Gen. Anderson was greatly annoyed, but thought + perhaps there was some excuse for it, as most of the men seemed to get + lost during the day. + </p> + <p> + "Capt. Day and my son Jackson said to the General: 'Perhaps he is with + Rosenfelt, assisting him in reorganizing the army in Chatteraugus.' + Matters were really too serious for jokes to be very amusing or + interesting at that time, so the conversations on the subject of Ham and + his whereabouts ceased. The next day they marched to Chatteraugus without + disturbance from the enemy. Many of our men remained on the battlefield + that night (compelled to do so from exhaustion) and came on to camp next + morning without the enemy coming in sight. Gen. Rosenfelt stated his loss + at 16,000, and Biggs admitted his to be 18,000. The army of Rosenfelt was + all collected and concentrated at Chatteraugus. + </p> + <p> + "When Gen. Anderson came into camp he had a search made for Headquarters + wagons and tents, as well as for Ham. Finally one of the orderlies found + Ham down under the bank near the river and brought him to Gen. Anderson. + When Ham saw the General he was delighted and called out: "'My Laud, Marsa + Gen'l, I 'spected you done dead!' "'Yes,' said the General; 'but it seems + you did not wait to see.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir; dat am so. I staid doe, Marsa Gen'l, jes' as long as anybody + else do whar I been. I tell you, our mans all git, dey do; and when I seed + dat big Gen'l what's ober all ob you'uns (what am his name)—when I + seed him a gittin' from dar, I 'eluded it war about time for dis ole nigga + to march on dis way, too. Dat Gen'l, he not ride slow, I tell you; he go + fas'. And, afore de Laud, I 'spected you ebery one killed or cotched by + dem Sesh; den whar's de use ob me stayin' any mo' at dat place, Marsa + Gen'l?' "'Well, Ham, did you ever study law?' "'No, sir; I 'spect not; I + dunno what it am.' "'I think you would have made a good lawyer, Ham.' + "'Well, Marsa Gen'l, de truf is, ole Ham no good for nuffin'. I cannot + stand dis fitin'; dat am de truf, Marsa Gen'l. So, you see, I is no good. + I stay all right jes' as long as it am all quiet; but whar am de use ob me + stayin' by myself?' + </p> + <p> + "The General laughed and said that was too good to keep. He let Ham off, + sending him out with Capt. Day and Jackson to get some tents and camp + equipage from the A. Q. M. The next day he amused himself telling Papson + and Sherlin what Ham said about 'no use for him to stay by hisself when de + big Gen'l gone.' They all enjoyed the joke except those that came in + early. Ham came back after a while to the General and begged him to + promise not to tell 'Marfa,' and then went off satisfied. + </p> + <p> + "Biggs soon followed up and took possession of the ridge to the east + running from the old Mission House to the Little Combination River, called + Middleton's Ridge, and also a spur branching off from the regular chain of + mountains down to the river west of Chatteraugus, known as Looking-Glass + Mountain. The line thus formed was in the shape of a horseshoe, and, with + the river washing the north side of the town, Rosenfelt was completely + encircled; the object of Biggs being to force a surrender by starving him + out, Biggs now fully commanding all Rosenfelt's communications both by + rail and river. This was the position of the two armies at this time. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent was ordered to leave Victor's Hill and proceed to + Chatteraugus, sending as many troops as could be spared from the Army of + the West. Gen. Meador was directed to send 20,000 men from the Army of the + East, in order to protect the communications of the Army of the Center. In + the meantime Broomfield had been ordered to move with his force, then in + Kentucky, on Knoxburg. Gen. Hord had come on transports up the Combination + River to Nashua with his corps from the Army of the East, and had sent + them in advance to protect the railroad between Nashua and Bridgeton. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent learning the situation, sent the troops forward from Victor's + Hill and hastened to the scene himself. The first order he issued in + connection with the Army of the Center was that of relieving Rosenfelt of + his command and placing Gen. Papson in his place. The condition of the + Army of the Center by this time was really frightful and perilous, and to + relieve this situation was the thing to be done, if possible. To this end + all the energy of the Chief was directed. To do this before an + unprovisioned army would be forced by starvation to surrender was the + problem. Gen. Silent telegraphed to Papson to hold out, and the answer + came, 'We will hold out until we starve.'" + </p> + <p> + "What a noble old Roman," said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush; "the old man had no superior in the army, either as + a patriot or fighter; he was like a rock when he once took his position + and got his lines formed." + </p> + <p> + "I knew him well," said Inglesby; "he was a noble man. He would have + starved to death in Chatteraugus before he would have surrendered." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, what has become of Gen. Rosenfelt?" inquired Maj. Clymer. + "He was a kind man, and I liked him very much, barring some faults." + </p> + <p> + "Yes. Well, he became soreheaded and got mad at the Administration, and + was exceedingly bitter on Gen. Silent for relieving him, and soon took + shelter under the wing of the anti-war party; but I have not heard of him + for many years. I think he went to some foreign country, then came back + and went to mining. I have no knowledge of his whereabouts now, however." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0013" id="link2HCH0013"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + GEN. SILENT GUIDED BY A SPECTER.—ARMY OF THE CENTER.— + BELEAGUERED AND HALF STARVED IN CHATTERAUGUS.—MIDDLETON'S + RIDGE.—GEN. SILENT'S FORCES SWEEP THE REBELS FROM THE + CREST. + + "O thou whose captain I account myself, + Look on my forces with a gracious eye. + Put in their hands thy bruising irons of wrath + That they may crush down with a heavy fall, + The usurping helmets of our adversaries. + Make us thy ministers of chastisement, + That we may praise thee in thy victory. + To thee I do commend my watchful soul. + Ere I let fall the windows of mine eyes, + Sleeping and waking, O, defend me..." + —Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + "The Army of the Center was now in a most deplorable condition. Gen. + Biggs's lines extended to the river above and below, so that the Union + army inside of Chatteraugus was practically invested, the rebel army being + so situated that every movement of our troops could be watched as + carefully as if they were all of the same army. The enemy persistently + threw shells into our camp and made it very uncomfortable both by day and + night. The rains had so swollen the river and damaged the roads that there + was no direction from which supplies could be drawn in wagons of + sufficient quantity to be of any very great assistance, had the rebels + only held the Une of communication by rail. Our whole command had to be + placed at once on half rations. Over 3,000 wounded soldiers were in camp + and hospital, suffering and dying for want of proper food and nourishment. + Forage for the animals could not be procured, and more than 10,000 died in + and about Chatteraugus. One-third of the artillery horses died, and the + remainder were unfitted for service. + </p> + <p> + "Biggs had cut off a train of supplies of medical stores for the wounded, + and the ammunition of our army was reduced to the minimum. In the battle + of Cherokee Run the men had thrown away and lost their blankets, so they + were exposed to the hot sun and the chilly nights, without blankets, + tents, food, or any of the comforts that even soldiers usually enjoy in + the field. When Rosenfelt started on the campaign his order was to take + but one blanket to each man, and no overcoats. In this condition they + could not retreat. They seemed doomed to surrender at no distant day. + </p> + <p> + "The enemy well knew the condition of our troops, being in possession of + the route to our depot of supplies, and the one by which re-enforcements + would reach our army. They apparently held our forces at their mercy. For + these reasons the enemy deemed it unnecessary to assault and lose lives in + an attempt to take what seemed secure. All that Biggs had to do, as he + thought, was to wait, and Chatteraugus would fall into his hands without a + struggle. Starvation would soon force terms, as retreat or re-enforcements + were considered alike impossible. No other portion of our armies was + reduced to such a terrible extremity during the war. + </p> + <p> + "This was the situation of the Army of the Center when Gen. Silent took + command of it. Biggs had sent his cavalry to the interior to watch all + movements on our part, and especially to prevent supplies from being + brought to or concentrated anywhere for our almost famished soldiers. + Weller and Lawting, in command of the rebel cavalry, captured and + destroyed in the Sewatch Valley 1,000 wagons loaded with supplies. They + also captured 700 wagons at Macklinville, with about 1,000 prisoners, and + at the same time destroyed millions of dollars of other property. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent had just arrived at Nashua, and, finding that the raiders + were burning wagon trains and railroad trains loaded with supplies, + collected all the cavalry he could, obtained horses and mounted two + regiments of infantry. Under a skillful officer he started them in pursuit + of Weller and Lawting, chasing them into Northern Alabama and capturing + near one-half of their commands. Gen. Silent had no means of getting into + Chatteraugus until Biggs's force at Bridgeton and on the river between + there and Chatteraugus could be dislodged and driven out of Looking-Glass + Valley, which ran down along the mountain side to the river. He had + difficulty in getting all the positions correctly. + </p> + <p> + "Finally he met Mrs. Houghton, who had come out from Chatteraugus prior to + its investment. She gave him the most satisfactory detailed statement that + he had received from any one as yet. In the interview she told him what + she was doing in that country and where she had been; what she had said to + General Rosenfelt the night before the battle of Murphy's Hill, and what + she told him the day before the battle at Cherokee Run. The General + questioned her as to the number of the enemy, the names of the commanders, + etc. When she gave the names of Longpath and Stephenson, the General said: + </p> + <p> + "'They are sending troops here from the rebel army East?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, General,' she replied; '20,000, I am sure, and I so told Gen. + Rosenfelt.' + </p> + <p> + "The General said: 'They are using the Victor's Hill prisoners?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said she; 'Gen. Stephenson is said to be in command of 20,000 of + them.' + </p> + <p> + "'But they have not been exchanged as yet?' + </p> + <p> + "As to that she did not know, but they were now in Gen. Bigg's army. Gen. + Silent thanked her and invited her to come to Chatteraugus when he should + take it; 'which,' he said, 'I mean to do in ten days from the day I open + the lines of communication, so as to get food to those starving soldiers.' + He then left her with many thanks for the information. + </p> + <p> + "The next day Mrs. Houghton sought Gen. Silent again and said to him: + </p> + <p> + "'General, there is one matter, which may be important, I did not think to + mention yesterday in our conversation.' + </p> + <p> + "'Pray, what is that?' said he. + </p> + <p> + "'Gen. Longpath is to start in a day or so to Knoxburg with his command, + in order to drive Broomfield from there, who they understand is now in + possession of that place.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said the General, 'that is of more importance to know than + anything you have told me.' + </p> + <p> + "'I am exceedingly glad then, General, that I thought of it.' + </p> + <p> + "The General then said to her: 'I am extremely curious to know how you + learned this.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sir, I visit hospitals on both sides, and many things are there + said that would not be told to anyone in camp. I had seen a sick rebel who + had just come into the city in citizen's clothes to be taken care of by + his friends, and you must not ask me who or where he is.' + </p> + <p> + "'No,' said the General, 'I will not. Good-by!' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent at once ordered Gen. Hord to concentrate his whole force at + Bridgeton as quickly as possible, and in three days the 20,000 men from + the Army of the East had secured Bridgeton and crossed over Little + Combination River on the road to Looking-Glass Valley. They moved forward, + driving Biggs before them, until they reached the western base of Coon's + Mountain, in order to pass into Looking-Glass Valley. At the point where + he was to enter the Valley the rebels made an assault upon his head of + column. Hord deployed his troops, advanced to the attack, and very soon + routed the enemy. The enemy now could very plainly detect and understand + the movement. Our troops went into camp at about six o'clock. + </p> + <p> + "The rebels could see that if this movement was successful re-enforcements + as well as supplies to the Union army would immediately be the result, and + they were bewildered and chagrined. At about one o'clock the same night, + Hord was attacked in force by the enemy. Gear's command first received the + assault. Hord at once moved to the support of Gear, but before reaching + him found a large rebel force posted on a range of hills which completely + commanded his line of march. These hills were steep and rugged. There was, + however, but one course left, and that was to assault. This was done in a + most gallant style. The hills were scaled and the enemy driven from them + with a loss of many prisoners, as well as killed and wounded. Gen. Gear + meanwhile had been contending against a superior force for two hours, and + though almost enveloped at one time by the enemy, he finally succeeded in + repelling the assault. The moonlight was so bright that the firing seemed + to light up the whole heavens, as if meteors were in every possible space. + The yells of the rebels, the running away of teams, the heavy sound of + artillery, were enough to 'frighten the souls of fearful adversaries.' + Mules broke away from their wagons and hitching places, some with halters, + some with harness and singletrees dangling at their heels. Horses neighing + and mules braying, all dashed in the direction of the enemy, who mistook + the fleeing animals for a cavalry charge, and fled in disorder and + confusion. At daylight the enemy had been repulsed at every point and our + route to Chatteraugus secured. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent had managed to communicate with Gen. Papson, and directed + that one of his divisions should cross over the river in front of his camp + in plain view of the enemy, and while the enemy were watching these + movements pontoon bridges were being laid across the river by the Engineer + Corps, they passing down the river beyond the left flank of the enemy in + the night time. Over this bridge crossed Palmerston's Division and joined + Hord, and by the next morning all the heights commanding the bridge and + Looking-Glass Valley were secured—communication opened by way of the + north side of the river by crossing the pontoon bridge, and on that very + day rations for the men were taken into Chatteraugus. Such a shout as went + up from the throats of nearly 50,000 men was perhaps never heard before + nor since. Gen. Silent entered Chatteraugus with the supplies for the + hungry, and was most gratefully received by officers and men. When this + line was opened the boys christened it 'Silent's cracker line.' + </p> + <p> + "The scene that followed the opening of this line of communication is not + to be described by any one. Poor fellows, they had suffered long and much. + They were patriots; but how many people remember it now?" + </p> + <p> + At this point the old man grew eloquent, and finally bowed his head for a + moment. Resuming, he said: + </p> + <p> + "In a very short time every one had gained confidence and courage, and was + again not only ready but eager for the fray. Biggs at once saw his peril. + Longpath was at Knoxburg trying to dislodge Broomfield, while Gen. Papson + was being rapidly re-enforced. And now the tables were turned. The rebels + no longer jeered at and tantalized our boys with inquiries as to when they + proposed to start for 'Pine Forest Prison.' Jeff Davis, the Confederate + President, had only a few days before visited Biggs's army and looked down + upon our starving soldiers. Our boys knew this, and would ask if Jeff + Devis would like to dine with Gen. Silent on hard-tack? + </p> + <p> + "Just at this time our forces were anxiously looking for the arrival of + the troops from the Army of the West, which they knew were marching with + all the energy they could to the aid of their comrades. So the next + morning the rebels were saluted with a shout that rang from the valley up + to the top of Looking-Glass Mountain and along Middle-ton's Ridge. It was + the arrival of Sherwood from Victor's Hill with two full corps of as good + soldiers as ever marched under the American flag. Cheer upon cheer from + both our armies rang out and gladdened the hearts of all. + </p> + <p> + "The next day Gen. Silent was handed a note by a cavalryman. He examined + it, and found that it bore information to the effect that Longpath had + failed to capture Knoxburg, but had been repulsed by Broomfield and was + then marching rapidly to re-enforce Biggs. On inquiry the General found + that the note was written by a lady, who was then some ten miles away at a + farmhouse. The cavalryman stated that she was very anxious that Gen. + Silent should get the note that day, and that she had also told him to say + to the General that she was the same lady who had given him certain + information at Nashua some days before, and that she informed the bearer + of the contents of the note and requested him to destroy it if in danger + of being captured. Gen. Silent consulted Gen. Papson and found that he had + implicit faith in her statements, as he said she had given Rosenfelt + truthful and important information twice as to the numbers and movements + of the enemy. Gen. Silent said: + </p> + <p> + "'This being so, we must drive Biggs from his position before Longpath can + join him.' + </p> + <p> + "It was then raining and blowing a perfect gale, and Gen. Papson said that + it might be well to delay until the storm was over. This Gen. Silent + assented to, but directed that all preparations be made for the attack, so + as to be in perfect readiness at a moment's notice. + </p> + <p> + "Sherwood, however, had not yet succeeded in getting to the position + assigned him. He was struggling against rain, wind, and high water. In + crossing Little Combination River to the north side the pontoon bridge + gave way, and Gen. Osterman and his division of Sherwood's command were + completely cut off and left on the south side of the stream. Silent + ordered him to proceed up the river to a point opposite Middleton's Ridge + with the remainder of his command. By this time the freshet was so great + that it was impossible to repair the bridge. So Osterman was ordered, if + he could not get across by eight o'clock the next morning, to report to + Gen. Hord. Sherwood finally succeeded in moving the rest of his command to + the point indicated. Pontoons were now necessary for bridging the river at + this point in order to cross the troops again over to the south side to + assault Middleton's Ridge, the point of it sloping down near to the river, + on which rested the rebel right flank. There were but few pontoons to be + obtained, and here the genius of man came well into play. Rafts and boats + of a rough character were at once improvised, and by the morning of the + 24th of November Sherwood's command was once more on the south side of the + river, with men, horses and artillery, ready for the assault. He was + moving in a drizzling rain, and as the clouds hung low his movement was + pretty well covered. He pushed forward with great rapidity and seized the + smaller hills near the river, driving the enemy therefrom, and at once + fortified them securely. + </p> + <p> + "The rebels now seeing this advantage made an ineffectual assault to + dislodge him. He had possession of two hills, with a depression in his + front between him and the main ridge, it being his objective point. The + mist and heaviness of the day prevented the enemy on Looking-Glass + Mountain from seeing or understanding the movement of Sherwood on the + right. Night closed in, and as the clouds cleared away, the light of the + camp fires revealed the position of both armies. Indeed, the night was + beautiful. The lights on the north side were made by those guarding the + camp of Sherwood, left in his movement, across the river. These lights of + the camp fires of both armies now formed a complete circuit, making a + grand picture. The stillness of the night was a warning to all that in the + morning work was to be done. + </p> + <p> + "About the hour of ten Gen. Silent was out looking at the lights, and in + order to form some opinion of the condition of the weather during the next + day, he strolled along the river bank alone. Stopping at no great distance + from one of the sentinels, he sat down upon a stone under a large tree, + the shadows of which obscured him from view. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0017" id="linkimage-0017"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0238.jpg" width="100%" + alt="A Spector Appears to the General 238 " /> + </div> + <p> + "While sitting absorbed in thought as to what the future would be to the + army then preparing for a desperate battle, a strange form seemed to + appear before him. He was at first startled, and then felt as though he + had dreamed, and was thereby deceiving himself. The object was apparently + a woman dressed in a long flowing robe of pure white. The features were + regularly formed; she had large blue eyes, long, auburn hair, and a light + shone about her which made every feature plain and visible to him. This + strange apparition did not speak, but pointed to Looking-Glass Mountain, + and passed her hand, extending her forefinger, as though tracing the + mountain along to where it dips down to the Roseville road. At this point + she held her finger pointing for some seconds. She then turned and pointed + to the end of Middleton's Ridge, near the river, and there hesitated; then + turned and pointed to the center of the ridge, near where Gen. Biggs's + Headquarters were afterwards located. Here she seemed to trace two lines + on the side of the ridge by passing her finger twice back and forth. She + hesitated at this point for some moments, finally pointing to the sky as + though calling attention to the stars. At this moment Gen. Silent arose + quite excited, and the strange specter vanished. He stood for some moments + motionless. He could not move, and was trembling with nervousness. Finally + he aroused himself and stepped to the spot where the strange figure had + appeared. There was nothing that could have been by dreamy imagination + distorted into such a form. He said to himself, 'I dreamed; I must have + dreamed; how could this be otherwise?' Just at this moment he saw a + sentinel walking his beat some paces away and approached him cautiously. + The sentinel challenged, and Silent went forward and gave the countersign. + He then told the sentinel who he was, and inquired if anything unusual was + going on. The sentinel replied in the negative. Silent then inquired if he + had seen nothing unusual. + </p> + <p> + "'No,' replied the sentinel, 'except that you have been sitting on the + stone under this tree for some time. I have been watching you, as I was + not aware of your business.' + </p> + <p> + "'You saw nothing else?' said the general + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir,' was the reply. + </p> + <p> + "The General then bade him good night and returned to his headquarters, + feeling pretty sure that he had fallen asleep and dreamed while sitting + under the tree. Yet he had a half lingering superstition on the subject, + and it annoyed him very much. He could not divine the meaning of it; + whether a dream or not he could not decide. He walked back and forth in a + very unusual manner. One of his staff inquired if anything had gone wrong + in the movements of the army. He said not, but inquired if all the + Orderlies were at their posts, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'I will want them very soon to take orders to the field. They must be + cautioned, also, as they will be in some danger in passing to where they + must go.' + </p> + <p> + "He then sat down and commenced dictating his orders. + </p> + <p> + "At midnight they were sent out to the different commanders. Hord was to + attack with all his force, assisted by Osterman's division, in the morning + at the earliest moment possible, and scale Looking-Glass Mountain. Gen. + Papson was to make a demonstration against the rebel center. + </p> + <p> + "The mountain is very steep and covered with trees and underbrush. Crags + jut out at every turn all over its sides, and at the summit a high crest + rises almost perpendicular 50 or 60 feet. Around the point of the mountain + nearest the river the enemy had heavy earthworks, held by one brigade. The + ridge or crest of the mountain was held by some 7,000 men, with many + pieces of artillery. Hord's command was all on the west side of the + mountain, entirely obscured from the sight of any of our troops who were + in the town of Chatteraugus, so that nothing could be seen except the + rebels who occupied the crest of the mountain. The movements of the enemy + proved clearly that some advance was being made. + </p> + <p> + "Gens. Silent and Papson stood on an earthwork on the north side of the + town near the river, where they could plainly see all the rebel lines. + Very soon the smoke and sounds of battle were seen and heard. Osterman had + attacked the rebels in their works at the foot of the mountain nearest the + river and driven them pell-mell out of their intrenchments, killing, + wounding and capturing a great number. At the same time Gen. Gear was + pushing up the mountain, his right passing directly under the muzzles of + the enemy's guns which were on the summit, climbing over logs, boulders + and crags, up hill and down, dislodging and driving the enemy wherever he + opposed. Up and on went our brave boys to the mouths of cannon and into + the very jaws of death. Gen. Silent, addressing Papson, said: + </p> + <p> + "'General, our men must be climbing up the mountain's side. The enemy + would not fire so rapidly nor such volleys unless our men were near them.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, I should think they would not,' said Papson. + </p> + <p> + "The fire flashed from their guns and muskets in the sunlight as though + the heavens were in a blaze. Soon batteries could be seen pulling out and + moving on the table of the mountain in the direction of the south. + </p> + <p> + "'Do you see that, Papson?' said Silent. 'They are getting ready to + retreat. See, they are sending their batteries out of danger!' + </p> + <p> + "Papson looked, but said not a word. Soon a portion of their infantry + moved in the same direction. The noise of artillery firing could be heard + no longer, but the rattle of musketry was becoming more distinct. The men + and officers who were not in the demonstration against Middleton's Ridge, + which was not a very heavy one, were standing and looking in breathless + silence at the upper table-land of Looking-Glass mountain. Finally our + line was seen moving up the crest, the men firing as they came, and such a + yell as arose from our men in the town of Chatteraugus was of the kind to + bring joy to a patriot's soul. On they went, the fire flashing from the + muzzles of their muskets. The rebels began to retreat, our men pressing + them until they were driven entirely from the mountain and across the + valley near the old Mission House, and nearly to the foot of Middleton's + Ridge. Papson's movement against the ridge, which was the enemy's right, + ceased, and Looking-Glass Mountain was ours. Joy was unconfined among our + troops. + </p> + <p> + "The poor fellows, who were nearly starved, acted as though they were + perfectly well and hearty, although they had had but little to eat for + weeks. + </p> + <p> + "This was only the beginning of the end at Chatteraugus. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent thought the rebels would now retreat into Georgia; but in + this he was mistaken. They strengthened their line on Middleton's Ridge + and extended it across the valley to where Looking-Glass Mountain slopes + down to the road from Roseville to Chatteraugus, and there they seemed + bent on staying. Two days later, finding the enemy again preparing for + battle, Gen. Silent issued his orders for a general assault. Sherwood at + early dawn was to attack the enemy on his right and drive him back if + possible on the southern portion of the ridge; Papson was to be ready to + assault in front at the moment when the commanding General should think + the proper time had arrived; Gen. Hord was to cross from Looking-Glass + Mountain over to the Roseville road and attack his left flank. + </p> + <p> + "The morning was clear and cold. Biggs's Headquarters could be seen on the + crest of Middleton's Ridge, near the center of his line. Gen. Silent + occupied a knob or high point near our lines that had been wrested from + the enemy in a skirmish the day before. All were anxiously waiting the + assault and final result. Now and again a shot would be heard, and then a + volley. There were skirmishings occasionally in different directions. On + Hord's line, as he advanced, slight skirmishing was kept up, and at the + base of the ridge a shot would be fired in the direction of where Papson + was forming his line. Finally shots were heard on our extreme left, then + more, then a piece of artillery, then a volley, then a battery opened, + then commands were heard and the battle began. Sherwood was moving against + the enemy's right flank. + </p> + <p> + "He attacked as ordered, but found the enemy in strong force and very + stubborn. The battle continued on this part of the line without any very + material advantage to either side. At about three o'clock Gen. Papson was + ordered not to delay his attack any longer, so at this time the movement + of the whole army against the enemy commenced. Papson attacked in double + column, Gens. Anderson and Sherlin leading the assault with their + divisions. In the center, at the first assault made on the rifle-pits at + the base of the ridge, our forces were not successful, and falling back + for a short distance they readjusted their lines, changed some of the + regiments, and moved forward again to the attack. This time the movement + was as if it were machinery in motion. + </p> + <p> + "When close to the enemy a bayonet charge was ordered, and against the foe + they drove the instruments of death. The men who were in this deadly + charge will never forget it. As they came with bayonets fixed and + directed, the enemy, seeing their determination, poured a deadly fire into + their ranks. Many a brave man fell, but on the lines swept over the + trenches. Here the rebels were killed and wounded in such numbers that + they lay one across another in great numbers. The enemy fell back, giving + up the trenches to our victorious troops, and retreated to their main + works on the top of the ridge. + </p> + <p> + "Our troops moved right on up the slope of the ridge, facing a shower of + shot and shell and musketry most destructive and deadly. Anderson and + Sherlin led the way. Commanders of corps, divisions and brigades vied with + one another as to who should reach the crest first. For a time it seemed + doubtful if any of them would succeed in accomplishing it. Our artillery + was in battery playing on the enemy from an eminence on the plateau east + of the town and between the two lines. Finally the guns of the enemy were + disabled, some dismounted, and others driven from their position. Our + whole line then made one desperate effort to scale the ridge and charge + the rebel works. With a mighty shout and 'Come on boys!' from Sherlin and + Anderson, the heights were scaled, and amid sickening scenes of blood and + death our brave boys stormed and captured their breast-works. Their center + was pierced and broken. They wavered and finally retreated down the + opposite slope of the ridge. Gen. Anderson seized one of our flags, + mounted the rebel works, and held it up so that our whole army might see + it, and they did. The sight of the old flag on the rebel works on + Middleton's Ridge, filled our men with joy and enthusiasm. They rushed + forward, shouting as they went. The men who had been shut up and nearly + starved, wept with joy unspeakable. + </p> + <p> + "Sherwood now doubled the enemy's flank back until they were retreating + and falling back on the two divisions of Anderson and Sherlin, who turned + and poured volleys into their rear. The retreat of Biggs's army now became + general We captured many prisoners. Just at this moment a rebel cavalry + officer on a white horse was seen dashing down the ridge from the + direction of the rebel left. He came within a short distance of our line + and took off his hat to our troops, as if he intended to surrender. + Turning on his horse he drew a revolver and flred. The ball struck Gen. + Anderson in the right shoulder, inflicting a severe and painful wound. + Gen. Anderson turned and saw him as he escaped down the side of the ridge. + Anderson recognized him, but did not say a word. Many shots were flred at + him by the soldiers, but he made good his escape. (It was Gen. Joseph + Whitthorne, the fiend.) Gen. Anderson was taken by Jackson and James + Whitcomb (who had been by his side during the whole of the engagement) + back to the town to be cared for by the Surgeon. Gen. Anderson inquired + after Capt. Day, and upon inquiry it was found that he had been severely + wounded during the last charge up the ridge, and had been carried in an + ambulance to the hospital. + </p> + <p> + "The battle was won. No rebel flag was insight, and the Stars and Stripes + w ed over Looking-Glass Mountain and Middleton's Ridge once more. Longpath + just reached Ringgold's Gap in time to meet his flying friends, who were + in a great state of demoralization. They had been utterly routed and + broken to pieces. Our army was in great glee and full of joy that night + and for many days thereafter. The Army of the Center had been in such bad + condition for so long a time—being hemmed in and starved—that + it became necessary to go into quarters for recuperation, and also to + refit and refurnish it with horses, mules, harness, etc. The troops were, + therefore, distributed at the most convenient points on the lines of our + communications. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent, now having put Gen. Biggs and his army in a condition of + harmlessness for the season, took up his headquarters at Nashua. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning after the battle, my son Jackson left Gen. Anderson (who + was comparatively easy, for his wound, though painful, was not considered + dangerous,) to search for Capt. Day. He found him in the officers' + hospital, wounded severely, shot through the bowels. He died that night. + This was sad news to the General, for he loved him as if he had been a + brother. He was buried at Chatter-augus. His friends were notified, and + removed his remains to the cemetery near Bloomington, Ill. He was a + gallant soldier, and had been so kind to Gen. Anderson that we all loved + him. His death caused nearly as much sadness in my family as the loss of + one of our own sons. + </p> + <p> + "My son Jackson, James Whitcomb and old Ham staid close by Gen. Anderson, + doing all they could to alleviate his sufferings. There was no suspicion + as to who had shot him. One day, however, he was suffering with a severe + fever, and in a delirium remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'Jo Whitthorne is my evil genius. He intends to murder me.' + </p> + <p> + "This he repeated so often that when he was sufficiently recovered Jackson + asked him if he remembered saying this? He replied that he did not. + Jackson told him that it had aroused his suspicions on the subject. He + then revealed the secret to Jackson under the seal of confidence, as he + said it would kill his wife if she knew it. Jackson afterwards revealed + the same to me, but no mention was ever made of it by either of us. + </p> + <p> + "Old Ham was so attentive and kind that no one asked him as to his + whereabouts during the battle. Jackson, however, found him under the bed + when they brought the General back from the field. The old man said that + he had been sick all day, and got under the bed to be out of the way. When + they came back he said to the General; 'I know you be kill' dat day or + hurted bery bad, kase I dream it. De good Laud tole me so when I sleep. No + 'sputin' it, sho, for de Laud allers tells me 'bout dese matters; and you + can ax Marfa if it is not so when you go home.' + </p> + <p> + "When the General recovered so as to think of these matters he dictated + his report to Jackson, who wrote it for him, in which he recommended Peter + for promotion, among many others, for gallant conduct, and also + recommended Orderly James Whitcomb for a Lieutenancy in the Regular Army. + These recommendations were complied with at once, and Peter was assigned + to the command of a brigade. James Whitcomb was assigned to the 13th U. S. + Inf., and detailed at Gen. Anderson's request as an Aide-de-Camp in place + of Capt. Day. The President sent Peter's commission to me and I took it to + him at Chatteraugus, in accordance with the wish of Gen. Anderson, who + desired to see me, and at the same time to keep from his wife and our + family the fact of his being wounded until he should be able to come home. + I found my sons both well and Gen. Anderson improving when I arrived. I + remained several days. I met Gen. Silent and had several conversations + with him. I found him well posted as to all matters North as well as + South. He said there was no danger of Biggs during that Winter. He could + not more than recuperate his army, and in the Spring, in all probability, + the rebel army in the center would have a new commander, as Biggs was a + great failure; that if he had moved against our forces when he had them + caged up before re-enforcements came, our army would have been compelled + to surrender. He also spoke of our danger in the North from the anti-war + party. He regarded it more dangerous than the rebel army. If they could + succeed in carrying the election the Confederacy would by them be + recognized and the Union dissolved. + </p> + <p> + "In a few days Gen. Anderson was adjudged by the Surgeon to be strong + enough to travel. He was granted an indefinite leave of absence by Gen. + Silent, who regarded him very highly as an able officer. Gen. Anderson, + myself, Jackson, James Whitcomb (now lieutenant), and Ham started for + Allentown. On arriving at home the family were overjoyed, surprised, and + grieved all at the same time—overjoyed at our return, surprised that + they had not heard of the General being wounded, and grieved at his + suffering. + </p> + <p> + "Lieut. James Whitcomb was introduced to the family, who were delighted to + see him. He left the same evening for his home in Detroit, and we were + together once more, save two sons, Peter and Henry. The meeting between + Ham and Aunt Martha was very affecting. Their manner and queer remarks + were laughable. Soon Aunt Martha came in to see her Marsa Gen'l Tom. She + hugged him and got down on her knees and prayed for him, and then said to + me: + </p> + <p> + "'Uncle Daniel, I bress de good Laud, for you bring Marsa Tom back. I cure + him, sho. I knows what to do; de Laud tell me, he do. He not goin' to let + Marsa Genl Tom die; no he not! He want him to whip de Sesh, he do. I + knows; de Laud tell me bout dat in de dream. He not fool dis old 'oinan; + he neber do. Ham, he dream 'bout dat when he down to de fight. He say he + sick when dey fight. How is dat, Uncle Daniel? Did Marsa Tom tell you? Was + he sick? He awful coward, Ham is, but if he sick, den all right; but when + he not been sick he must stay wid Marsa Gen'l to keep he things all right. + Ham say he do dat. I 'spect he do; he say so.' + </p> + <p> + "We told Aunt Martha that Ham was all right, and that pleased her, poor + old woman. She was pure gold; God never made a better heart under any + white skin than she had under her black one. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson had the best of attention, and improved daily until he + could walk about without pain, but he was not fit for duty for a + considerable time. The two children were delighted, and were full of + questions of all kinds. One day when they were trying to entertain the + General, his little daughter asked him who shot him. I saw the tears come + into his eyes, and he arose and walked out on the porch without making any + answer." + </p> + <p> + Just at this moment Mrs. Wilson came into the room, and Uncle Daniel took + her on his knee and kissed her, saying: + </p> + <p> + "Jennie, you are my all and only hope, save my poor grandson, that I now + have left. My time will soon come, however, when I can quietly quit this + world of trouble and care and find a home where works will have due + consideration; where those who serve in the army of the Lord will at least + be considered the equal of those who have been in rebellion against him. + </p> + <p> + "My good friends," said Uncle Daniel, "you may think strange of my + melancholy mood; but why should I desire to live longer and see what I do + and feel as I do constantly on account of the manner in which things are + now being conducted." + </p> + <p> + "I am not in any way surprised at your feeling as you do. I have felt and + do feel the same, though my misfortunes and troubles have not been severe + in comparison with yours," said Col. Bush. "But, Uncle Daniel, to call + your attention away from your sorrows for a moment, I am very desirous of + knowing what became of Mrs. Houghton." + </p> + <p> + "She remained in that part of the country during that Winter and until our + combined Armies of the Center and West commenced their next campaign, + during all of which time she kept our commanding Generals posted as to the + movements of the enemy, his strength, when troops were sent east or west, + where and how many; and when the troops were moved south in the Spring she + returned to New York, and, I have been informed, married again. I hope she + may be yet living and enjoying great happiness. She was a true woman. I + have not heard of her for many years, however." + </p> + <p> + "She was a heroine sure," said Col. Bush; "her movements were of a most + important character, Uncle Daniel." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Colonel, she was a true patriot, and loved her country for her + country's sake, and I hope the Lord has thrown fortune and pleasure in her + pathway. There were a great many patriotic and daring acts performed by + women during our war. God bless the good women. To our poor sick and + wounded soldiers they were like ministering angels, both in the camp and + hospitals." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0014" id="link2HCH0014"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIV. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + SERAINE WHITCOMB'S EXAMINATION OF THE REBEL PRISONS AND + HENRY LYON'S RELEASE.—MAN'S INHUMANITY.—SERAINE WHITCOMB + VISITS THE SOUTHERN PRISON PENS.—A SAD TALE OF WOE.— + GRAPHIC PICTURE OF SUFFERING, WRETCHEDNESS AND DEATH. + + "Oh war, thou son of hell, + Whom angry heavens do make their ministers, + Throw in the frozen bosoms of our past, + Hot coals of vengeance." + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + Uncle Daniel Lyon resumed his story by giving us a history of the + adventures of Miss Seraine Whitcomb, who, as had been discovered, was the + sister of James Whitcomb, now Aide-de-Camp to Gen. Anderson. He continued + by saying: + </p> + <p> + "Miss Seraine's journey to Richmond was accomplished by overcoming the + greatest of difficulties. The President's authority was good at every + point in and through the Union lines. But when she reached the rebel + pickets at or near the Rapidan she was placed under arrest as a spy, and + taken to the headquarters of the commander of the rebel army. She then + stated her case in a modest way, presenting the note given to her by our + President. Her story was so simple and reasonable that she was permitted + to enter Richmond in order to lay her case before President Davis. At the + same time the authorities at the rebel army headquarters had a lurking + suspicion of her on account of (as they thought) her pretended perilous + undertaking. Yet she was conducted to Richmond, and there took lodgings at + the Virginia Hotel, where she was subjected to a constant watch over her + every movement. She was in much doubt for several days what course to + pursue. There was great activity going on in making preparations for some + movement of the rebel army. She was not permitted to leave her hotel. + </p> + <p> + "She finally wrote a note to President Davis, stating that she wished to + be permitted to have an interview with him on a matter of grave import to + her; that she was alone and under a vigilant watch; that she thought she + could satisfy him of her harmless intentions. + </p> + <p> + "To this she received a very polite answer permitting her to see him at 11 + o'clock the following day, and informing her that he would send an escort. + </p> + <p> + "The next day, promptly at the time, an officer appeared and inquired if + Miss Seraine Whitcomb was in. She readily responded, and directed that he + be admitted. Presenting himself, he said he was Capt. T. P. Redingson. The + arrangements were soon agreed upon, and the two started for the Executive + office. The detention in the ante-room was-but slight, before they were + ushered into the presence of Mr. Davis. Seraine said he was seated in an + arm-chair, rather oldish and common. Mr. Davis rose and greeted her + pleasantly. He looked care-worn and haggard, and seemed thoughtful; but at + no time during the interview did he forget his genial, polite manner + toward her. She hardly knew what to say. After a short time he broke the + ice by asking her if he could serve her in any way. She gained courage + enough to tell him her whole story. She told him she would not give + information of any kind to any one in reference to what she might see or + hear while under his protection; that she wished to examine the prison + records for the name of her friend, Henry Lyon, who she hoped, through his + kindness, to find, and have exchanged. + </p> + <p> + "She seemed to touch a tender spot in his nature. He gave her a letter of + safe conduct through all the rebel lines, and authority to examine the + prisons and hospitals, exacting at the same time a pledge from her that + she would, when satisfied, return by way of Richmond and make a report to + him of all she should see and hear that was of interest in connection with + the prisons, the army, or other kindred subjects. With this understanding + and pledge on her part she gave him her thanks, with many good wishes for + his health. She then bade him good, good-by and returned to her hotel. + </p> + <p> + "Capt. Redingson, her escort, was very polite to her, and promised that he + would call the next day and make arrangements for her to visit the prisons + and examine the records or rolls of prisoners in Richmond. The next day at + ten o'clock the Captain called and escorted her to Libby. There she saw + such suffering as made her almost frantic, but she indulged in no remarks. + As she passed along the pallets of rotten straw, the tears would roll down + the sunken cheeks of their occupants as she uttered some kind word to + them. The rolls did not disclose the name of the one for whom she was in + search, and she returned with the Captain to her hotel. That night she + could not sleep. She had seen that day such sights as she had never + expected to witness, and could not have believed had she not looked upon + them with her own eyes. Men eating rotten food; many, very many, sick, + sore and distressed; quite a number without sufficient clothes to cover + their persons; no blankets; no way to send word to friends; no privileges + granted, their treatment harsh and brutal. For the least delinquency + inhuman punishment was inflicted. No prospect of help or relief of any + kind. All kinds of stories were told them of disasters to the 'Yanks,' as + the rebels called the Union soldiers. It was really a sickening sight to + behold. + </p> + <p> + "The next day they visited Belle Isle, and there found the same condition + of things. After an examination of records they returned to the Virginia + Hotel. Miss Seraine then concluded to leave for Salisbury. She asked the + Captain if he would be kind enough to see to getting her tickets and + placing her properly in charge of the conductor, with such instructions as + might enable her to avoid annoyance on her route. The next morning she was + feeling dull and heavy on account of having passed a restless night. The + shadows of that which she had seen during the day were continually before + her eyes. She got ready, however, and was soon put on the train by Capt. + Redingson, who knew the conductor and explained to him her situation and + desire to avoid annoyances. Then bidding the Captain good-by, with many + thanks for his kindness, she sat down in the car to pursue her weary + journey, with many ill forebodings. She looked out of the window over + valley, hill and stream, and as she passed on through that picturesque + country her eyes fairly feasted on the majestic scenery beautified by the + pines that tower heavenward along the line of the railroad. + </p> + <p> + "In her loneliness she could not resist the floodtide of hopes and fears + that swept through her mind—now hoping and then fearing that she + would not find Henry. If she should, would he be in the condition of the + poor, starved skeletons she had seen at Libby and Belle Isle? Could it be + possible that her lovable and gentle Henry could be so starved and harshly + treated by these people, who had been so polite and kind to her? 'No! no!' + she thought to herself; 'it cannot be.' The train sped along, and at night + she was in Salisbury. There she was taken to a hotel of limited + accommodations and worse attendance, as it was of the character so common + to that country in the days of slavery. Quite a number of sick rebel + officers, who had been sent there to recuperate, were in the hotel. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning it was discovered that a female 'Yank' was in the house, + and, the gossips whispered 'a spy!' Miss Seraine was unsuspecting, and + acted as if she had been a mere traveler in her own State. But very soon + an officer came and sat down by her and began a series of questions, all + of which she answered frankly. She told him her mission, and made inquiry + about the prisoners there, wishing to look for her friend, Henry Lyon. + This officer left her and went to the authorities and had her put under + arrest. At this she was frightened almost out of her wits. She wept and + begged, but nothing would do but she must have her baggage (merely a + satchel) examined. This done, they sent a lady with her to her room and + searched her person. Being so much alarmed, she did not think of her + letter from Mr. Davis. This was found in her pocket and declared a + forgery, as they thought if genuine she would have produced it sooner. + Finally the conductor who had brought the train through from Richmond + returned, and finding how matters were, relieved her situation + by-explaining it to the authorities. The officers and Mayor then hastened + to make apologies for their action and afterwards treated her very kindly, + and offered her every facility for the examination desired. Her search at + the place was as fruitless as heretofore. She found the condition of + things here as elsewhere with our poor prisoners—nothing but extreme + suffering and ill treatment. It was hard for her to understand how any + civilized people could find it in their hearts to treat human beings so + barbarously. + </p> + <p> + "She left Salisbury the first moment it was-possible for her to do so, and + made her way in great sadness to Pine Forest Prison, meeting with many + perplexing things on the way. As she neared Pine Forest she became nervous + and almost sick with fear that her mission would be a failure. Her + strength and resolution all at once seemed to fail her. But on she went, + between hope and despair. En route to this horrible place, all kinds of + phantoms rose before her mind. She would first see a starved human being, + and then a wild beast pursuing him; then the butchery and murder of the + victim; so that when she arrived at the village she was almost frantic and + nearly insane. A gentleman, seeing her lonely and peculiar situation, + assisted her to a house, where she procured quarters. + </p> + <p> + "It was not until the next morning that she made known her desire to visit + the prison. The lady of the house seemed to take in the situation, and, + instead of regarding her as a spy, felt a sympathy for her and willingly + rendered her all the assistance she could. Miss Seraine told her whole + story to her, and sought her aid in making the proper investigation. This + lady, Mrs. Lawton, made all necessary arrangements for the two to visit + the Superintendent at three o'clock that afternoon. Promptly at that hour + they started, and when they entered the Superintendent's office outside + the prison-pen they were received most courteously by Mr. Hibbard. At the + same time his face wore an expression that made Miss Seraine shudder. His + movements were sluggish, his manner uneasy. She hastened to make known to + him the cause of her visit, and at the same time presented Mr. Davis's + letter. He scanned the paper very closely without making any remark. The + arrangement being made to come at twelve o'clock the next day, they + returned to Mrs. Lawton's house. + </p> + <p> + "Mrs. Lawton was kind, and readily engaged in conversation, giving the + most horrible description and picture of the prison and the inhuman + treatment the prisoners were receiving. Seraine was silent, and refrained + from expressing opinions or making any remarks save to say that she had + been treated with great kindness and consideration by the officers she had + met. Mrs. Lawton gave her to understand that she had great sympathy for + the prisoners, and that she was not entirely in harmony with the + rebellion, although she had been a sufferer by the war, having lost her + husband in the Confederate service. She said she was living there merely + to make what she could by selling things to the soldiers when she was + permitted to do so. She had a great contempt for Mr. Hibbard, then keeper + of the prison. It seems Hibbard was only there temporarily. + </p> + <p> + "Miss Seraine slept but little that night,—she was so eager to + ascertain if Henry was, or if he had been, there. Next morning she arose + early and was ready for breakfast, though she ate but little. When the + hour of twelve o'clock arrived she and Mrs. Lawton repaired to the office + of Mr. Hibbard as per appointment. They were received in a very polite + manner, and informed that a guard would be sent through the grounds with + them. They asked if he could not accompany them, as they were very timid + about passing through without his presence. He finally consented to attend + them as guide and protector. + </p> + <p> + "'On first entering at the south gate they met a stench that almost + stifled them. As they passed along they saw the prisoners in groups, + standing and gazing at them with a stare like that of maniacs. Some were + moderately well clad, others almost in a state of nudity. The pen, for + that was what it really was, was in the most filthy condition that human + mind could imagine. As they passed along they could see the blush of shame + mantle the cheek of their escort. They walked through the center of the + grounds, being the dryest and most cleanly. To describe accurately the + suffering of the men, the filthy condition of this pen, and the ghastly + looks of those poor creatures, was more than any tongue or pen could do. + They came to where a portion of the sick were lying under a very poor + shelter, and there saw sick men with but little clothing and in all the + conditions of human suffering possible. Many were covered with ulcers from + scurvy, some were sick with fever, some with their teeth dropping out, + some dying with dysentery, some with old wounds not healed, some with + fresh ones made by their brutal keepers, and nearly all were literally + swarming with vermin. + </p> + <p> + "Miss Seraine became so sick at these sights that she was almost fainting, + and asked to return to the house and be permitted to come earlier the next + day, so as not to be in the pen during the midday heat. Her request was + granted, and they left the prison. She was greatly alarmed for fear she + would find Henry among this suffering class of sick men. The next day they + entered the prison at nine o'clock, and passing around on the north side + of the grounds found many cooking and eating their meals. There were no + satisfactory conveniences for cooking. A little fire and a few pans and + cups were all. The meat, what little they had, was broiled on coals. Many + took their meal and stirred it in a cup with the most disagreeable water + ever used, and drank it down without cooking. Hundreds had died within a + few days—some from sheer starvation, as they could no longer take + the food into their stomachs; some from scurvy, some from fever, and some + were murdered by the guards for passing beyond where ordered. How any one + could live in that polluted and poisonous atmosphere was the wonder. In + the inclosure there was a dirty, swampy piece of ground, with water + stinking with filth of a character sickening to behold. When the rain fell + all were subjected to the drenching cold bath. On the ground and in the + mud and the damp they lay. Many were there who during the prior Winter had + been so exposed as to have their feet frozen, until in many instances they + were rotting off. + </p> + <p> + "These sights were so shocking in all respects that Miss Seraine was + afraid to speak, (except to say a kind word, when permitted to do so,) to + any of the unfortunate men. It seemed to her that Hibbard knew where Henry + was, but was avoiding bringing her into his presence. So she said not a + word, but looked well at all in view as she passed along. + </p> + <p> + "The punishments for any and every little breach of discipline were of the + most outrageous character. She saw many persons with their hands tied + behind them, and others standing, with their thumbs run through loops of + cords tied up to posts. The guards were insolent and were constantly + damning the prisoners. Take it altogether—their dirty, filthy food, + their mode of cooking, their scanty rations, their clothes, the stinking + water they were forced to use, the treatment of the sick, the punishments + they were compelled to bear, the dirty, vile pen they were in, and the + poisonous atmosphere they were forced to breathe, there is no account + anywhere in the barbarous ages that ever did or could equal Pine Forest + Prison. + </p> + <p> + "Miss Seraine became sick and tired of the horrible sights, and at last + said to Mr. Hibbard that she did not wish to go around any more to look + upon the suffering prisoners, but desired to be taken where Mr. Lyon was, + if in the prison. He replied that he thought he was in the main hospital. + They directed their steps thither. On entering it she beheld so many + ghastly men at one view that she recoiled, and for a moment hesitated. + Recovering herself she proceeded. While passing along she beheld a young + man with sunken eyes, pale and ashy cheeks, lying on a board cot, so + emaciated that she had no thought of who it could be. But in a moment she + heard her name whispered, and saw a lean, bony hand reaching out towards + her. She looked at him, took his cold, withered hand, and spoke to him, + asking if she could do anything for him. He said: + </p> + <p> + "'I am Henry Lyon, Seraine. Do you not recognize me?' + </p> + <p> + "She fell into Mrs. Lawton's arms, exclaiming: 'My God!' When she revived + she fell upon Henry's neck and wept bitterly, exclaiming: + </p> + <p> + "'My Henry! my Henry! Can it be possible, can it be possible?' + </p> + <p> + "After some little conversation between them, she telling him that all + were well at home, etc., Hibbard informed her that the rules of the prison + would not allow any further interview at present." + </p> + <p> + "What a brute," interrupted Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Miss Seraine asked to see Surgeon Jones. She ascertained that Henry was + just recovering from an attack of typhoid fever and was now out of danger. + She obtained permission from the Surgeon to visit him daily while she + remained, and to bring him certain delicacies to eat. She then returned to + Henry and bade him an affectionate good-by, with a promise to see him + again. With a sad heart she retraced her steps to Mrs. Lawton's. Retiring + to her room she gave way to her grief and spent the remainder of the day + in tears. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0018" id="linkimage-0018"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0258.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Seraine With Henry at Pine Forest Prison 258 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The following day Mrs. Lawton again accompanied Seraine to the + prison-pen. They took some wine and cake to Henry. After being refreshed + he and Seraine had a long and pleasant interview, in which Seraine told + Henry all about her trip, etc. She told him she had decided to leave soon + for Richmond, and thence for home, but would try and arrange with the + Surgeon, (who seemed to have some humanity left,) for Mrs. Lawton to visit + and bring him some nourishment. The prison and the sights beheld by her + had quite affected her nerves. On returning to Mrs. Lawton's she was + suffering with a violent headache, and, going to her room, she remained in + bed for three days. + </p> + <p> + "Mrs. Lawton was very kind. She sat by her bedside and gave her a detailed + account of her own trials. She was a daughter of a Union man, and had + never lost her veneration for her country and the old flag. Although her + husband had lost his life in the Confederate army, she had not changed her + smothered feelings for the Union. She related to Seraine the many + villainous outrages perpetrated upon the Union prisoners by the inhuman + keepers and guards of this vile den. She told graphically of seven + fine-looking young men who were brought out of the prison for attempting + to escape, and shot in the presence of a crowd of jeering devils. Said + she: + </p> + <p> + "'If a man wishes to learn of "man's inhumanity to man," this is the + place.' + </p> + <p> + "She expressed her great desire to leave the place, as it was like + dwelling on the verge of the prison for the souls of the damned. Seraine + talked to her of her mission and what she desired to accomplish; also + asked her to keep a watchful eye on Henry, and when the time should come + for an exchange of prisoners to remind Hibbard of Henry as one to be sent + away, provided she could arrange the matter. Henry had been a prisoner now + for more than a year, and was naturally near the time for his exchange if + any one would look after the matter. After quite a delay on account of her + being taken sick again, the time came for her to leave for Richmond, and + after thanking Hibbard for his courtesy, and tendering manifold thanks to + Mrs. Lawton for her kindness and great care of her, as well as leaving + some money with Mrs. Lawton for Henry's benefit, and promising to write + from Richmond if permitted to do so, she embraced Mrs. Lawton as if she + were her mother, and with tearful eyes they separated. + </p> + <p> + "Soon Seraine was on her way to report to Mr. Davis, President of the C. + S. A., as she had promised to do, and also to effect an early exchange of + prisoners if possible. Her trip was a dreary one. She remained as quiet as + possible, having no one to cheer her on her way. On arriving at Richmond + she again stopped at the Virginia Hotel, and there again met Capt. + Redingson. He expressed pleasure at seeing her, and tendered his services + as escort and protector while in the city. After detailing some of her + experiences on her journey, and thanking him for his former politeness, + and also for his present proffered services, she requested him to bear her + compliments to President Davis and ask for an early interview, as she had + promised to return and report to him. The Captain readily assented, and on + returning that evening informed her that he would be pleased to accompany + her to the Executive Office the next day at eleven a.m., at which hour + President Davis would see her. She was very anxious and quite nervous + until the time arrived. Exactly at eleven o'clock the next day the Captain + came for her with a carriage, and very kindly attended her to the presence + of the President. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Davis met her with cordiality. He spoke to her about her perilous + undertaking, and hoped she had been treated kindly by his people. He also + inquired as to her success in finding her friend, to all of which she + responded that her treatment was kind, and her efforts were so far crowned + with success. She gave him an account of her journey and visits to the + prisons; her examination of them, and finally her success in finding Henry + at Pine Forest. She told him the truth about the prisons, the food, + raiment, and treatment of the prisoners. He answered in a manner rather + tender, and feelingly expressed his desire to have matters in this + direction improved, but regretted the impossibility of doing all things as + we might desire to have them done. He spoke of the barbarism of war and + its attendant cruelties. But he soon changed the subject, after thanking + her for her honesty and for having the nerve to tell him the truth. + </p> + <p> + "He then inquired what she desired in reference to her friend. She asked + for his release as the only means of saving his life. He responded that he + would order his exchange at once, and promised her that he should be on + the first boat or train sent North with prisoners. He also gave her + permission to write to Mrs. Lawton on this subject, provided she did not + use his name in connection with this promise. He then gave her a letter of + safe conduct through his lines and detailed Capt. Redingson to go with her + to our lines. Having accomplished the object for which she had gone South, + and reported fully and truthfully to Mr. Davis as she had promised to do, + she took leave of him with her best wishes for his personal welfare. He + bade her farewell and God-speed in a very kind and tender manner, so much + so that Seraine has ever spoken kindly of him as a man. + </p> + <p> + "She repaired to the hotel and told Capt. Redingson that she desired to + leave early the next morning for the Headquarters of the Union army. He + said he would call for her as requested, and they separated. Seraine, + after going to her room, wrote to Mrs. Lawton and inclosed a note to + Henry, merely telling him that she was well and on her way home, + encouraging him to bear up under his sufferings, etc. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning Capt. Redingson called according to his promise, and + they were off at once for the lines of the armies. On arriving at the + Headquarters of the Confederate army, they were nicely entertained by the + commanding General. They partook of a good meal and then rested for the + night, Seraine being cared for at a farm house near by. The next morning, + on being provided with a pass through the lines, they were conducted under + a flag of truce to the Headquarters of the Union army, some twenty miles + away. + </p> + <p> + "Seraine was received by the commanding General and taken care of. Capt. + Redingson, after having delivered his charge, returned with Seraine's + blessing for his kindness to her. After she had taken a rest she conversed + with Gen. Meador, who was then in command, and related to him her + experiences, at the same time keeping her promise to speak of nothing + pertaining to the Confederate army or any movements of the same. After a + night's rest she was sent under charge of an escort to Washington city, + where she stopped for several days, until she could see the President and + Secretary of War. She finally managed to have an interview with the + Secretary, and, after explaining who she was and her mission South, he + replied with some nervousness: + </p> + <p> + "'Henry Lyon' Is he a son of Daniel Lyon, of Allentown, Ind.?' + </p> + <p> + "On being answered in the affirmative, he exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + "'My God? what affliction that family has had! His oldest son died + recently, being the third son he has lost since this war began.' + </p> + <p> + "This was the first knowledge that Seraine had of the sad distress in the + family. She sighed and dropped a tear. The Secretary at once understood + the situation, and told her Henry Lyon should be looked after and properly + cared for. She asked if, when he was exchanged, he could not be discharged + from the service. She said that Mr. Lyon's seven sons were all in the + army, and three having lost their lives, she thought one ought to remain + at home to comfort the parents during their terrible trials. She struck a + tender chord in the Secretary's heart, and he replied: 'Yes; when he + returns, you write me and it shall be done, if he consents.' + </p> + <p> + "This brought joy to her very soul. She bade the Secretary good-by, saying + as she left that he would hear from her in due time. + </p> + <p> + "She then called at the President's and sent in his own letter which he + had given her when she started South, that she might thereby be recalled + to his memory. He sent for her at once. As she entered his office he arose + and greeted her most affectionately, calling her 'my child,' and bidding + her be seated. He commenced plying her with questions, and she told him + the whole story. When she related what she had seen in the rebel prisons, + his countenance saddened and tears fell from his eyes. He said: + </p> + <p> + "'This must be remedied somehow. Humanity revolts at retaliation in kind, + but in an instance like this it might be justified.' + </p> + <p> + "She told him what she desired, and what the Secretary had promised. He + replied: + </p> + <p> + "'My dear child, it shall be done. My old friend Lyon is making more + sacrifices than should be demanded of any one. I hope you will see him + soon, and when you do, tell him that I often think of him and his family, + as well as what they are doing for their country.' + </p> + <p> + "The President was a man of generous impulses. He had a very kind heart, + full of sympathy for humanity. + </p> + <p> + "She left the President with feelings of the deepest affection and + gratitude, having every assurance that her wishes would be complied with. + As she left, he bade her good-by, calling her his 'little heroine.' From + Washington she went to Baltimore, learning that some prisoners who had + been exchanged were to be landed there. She remained at the Burnett House, + most of the time in her room, not wishing to make any acquaintances, but + watching the papers closely to ascertain the time for the arrival of the + prisoners. One evening she learned that a vessel had come into port with + 200 prisoners. She hastened to the dock; arriving all out of breath, and + seeing the large crowd that was waiting she became very much excited, and + observing an officer in uniform she ventured to speak to him. It was Gen. + Shunk, of Ohio. She told him who she was, and also for whom she was + looking. He answered her very cordially, and said he knew Mr. Daniel Lyon, + formerly of Ohio, and inquired if the person in question was one of his + sons. She said he was, and he told her to wait and he would see, as he was + then in command at Baltimore. In a few moments he came back with the glad + tidings that Henry Lyon was among the prisoners. She was going to rush on + board the vessel, but the General detained her, informing her that it was + not allowable under the orders, but he would bring Henry to her as soon as + possible. Soon she saw Henry coming from the vessel, leaning upon the arm + of a comrade. He seemed to be very weak, and still looked like a mere + shadow. He was brought where she stood, trembling and almost fearing to + meet him lest his mind might have given way somewhat under the trying + ordeal through which he had just passed. She threw her arms around his + neck and wept aloud. A carriage was procured, and she accompanied him, by + permission, to the hospital where he was ordered to go. Reaching there, he + was placed in a nice clean ward. There they talked matters over, and Henry + agreed to the discharge from the service. Seraine left him with the + nurses, saying that she would return as soon as possible; at the same time + he was not to let his people know anything of his whereabouts. She left + that night for Washington. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning at the earliest hour that she could see the Secretary of + War, she made her appearance. On meeting the Secretary he recognized her, + and asked if she was after the discharge about which she agreed to write + to him. She replied that Henry was now at Baltimore, having been + exchanged. Then she told him of his condition. The Secretary at once + ordered the discharge made out, and as soon as it had passed through the + proper officers' hands and was returned to him he handed it to her, + saying: + </p> + <p> + "'You deserve this yourself, without any other consideration.' + </p> + <p> + "She again thanked the Secretary, and at once repaired to the President's + Mansion. When she was admitted, on seeing her the President guessed from + her bright countenance the whole story, and congratulated her most + heartily. She told him all, and showed him Henry's discharge and thanked + him for his kindness. He said: + </p> + <p> + "'May God bless you, my child, and give you both a safe journey home!' + </p> + <p> + "Returning to Baltimore, she made arrangements to have Henry placed in a + clean car and taken to Allentown. After they were under way she told him + about the discharge, and he was delighted. She telegraphed me to mee her + at the depot, but did not say one word about Henry. I read the dispatch to + the family, and many were the conjectures. Peter said she had not found + Henry, and a great variety of opinions were expressed. My wife burst into + tears, fell down on the sofa, and cried, saying she felt that Henry was + dead. Ham, hearing what was being said, concluded it was his turn to + guess; so he began: + </p> + <p> + "'You's all off de track. Ham sees it all frough de glass in he head, he + do.' + </p> + <p> + "'Go 'long wid you, you ole fool: since you's free you 'spec' you is big + and knows a heap. You doesn't know nuffin, you don't,' said Aunt Martha. + </p> + <p> + "'Well, alright, Marfa; 'spec' me not know bery much; but, sho's you is + born, dat boy all right; you see, you jes' wait. I say no mo', but I see + what is de matter. You jes' wait, dat's all you got to do.' + </p> + <p> + "The next morning I went down to the depot with a carriage, and there + found Seraine and Henry waiting for me. I embraced my poor boy, overcome + with grateful emotion. My joy was complete in finding him alive. He was a + living skeleton. We were not long in driving to the house. All were out on + the portico to see Seraine, no one but Ham expecting Henry with her. As + they all saw Henry the family leaped with joy, and rushing out to meet us, + but seeing Henry's ghastly appearance a sudden sadness came over all. We + helped him out of the carriage. He was completely overcome when he saw his + mother. She clasped him in her arms and cried piteously. He was assisted + into the house and laid upon the sofa. All seemed to have overlooked + Seraine in their great joy over Henry's return. I introduced her to each + one of the family including old Ham and Aunt Martha. + </p> + <p> + "'Didn't I see dem in my glass, Marfa; didn't I? What you got to say now?' + </p> + <p> + "'I 'spects you did, Ham; dey is heah, sho.' Bress de Laud; he bring dis + boy home. I not see him afore dem pizen Sesh fix him dat way! Dey starve + him. What did dey do to him to make him look like dat?' + </p> + <p> + "Soon we all got settled, and after breakfast we heard Seraine's story. + She was our heroine, and no mistake. No one of us could do too much for + her. My good wife wanted to have her for a daughter at once. She could not + let her go out of her sight for a moment. She hugged her, kissed her, + seemed almost to want to take her in her lap as a child; in fact, we all + loved her. She had gone through great perils to save our dear boy, and why + not love her I For some days we did nothing but talk over her journey-ings + and what she saw and did. She was the idol of our household. When Henry + had gained strength enough to bear up under the double shock, we told him + of the death of David and James, which painful news he had not heard + before. It took him many days to rally after this melancholy intelligence + of the fate of his dear brothers. After Henry was strong enough to walk + about without help Seraine thought she must leave us for a time and return + home. This saddened our hearts, as we had grown much attached to her. But + she and Henry talked the matter over, making their own arrangements, and + the next day Jackson escorted her to her home in Michigan. When she left, + no family ever wept more in sorrow at the departure of any one than did + ours. + </p> + <p> + "There was a mystery connected with her periling her life in the way she + did that I could not then solve, but I made no inquiry into her secret. + </p> + <p> + "Of the few left to us they were now once more nearly all together, and + further plans were in order." + </p> + <p> + At this point Dr. Adams said, "The horrors of those rebel prisons have + ever been like a specter before me whenever I hear them mentioned." + </p> + <p> + Judge Reed here interrupted, saying: "I indorse every word of Miss + Whitcomb's description of these prisons. I endured their horrors and + inhumanity for nine months, and she does not tell the half that might be + told. To show that Seraine's statement is not in the least exaggerated, I + have saved an article from the Sumter (S. C.) <i>Watchman</i>, published + in reference to the Florence Prison at that time, which seems to have + equaled the Pine Forest.". + </p> + <p> + Being asked to do so, Dr. Adams read as follows: + </p> + <p> + "The Camp we found full of what were once human beings, but who would + scarcely now be recognized as such. In an old field, with no inclosures + but the living wall of sentinels who guard them night and day, are several + thousand filthy, diseased, famished men, with no hope of relief, except by + death. A few dirty rags stretched on poles give some of them a poor + protection from the hot sun and heavy dews. All were in rags and barefoot, + and crawling with vermin. As we passed around the line of guards I saw one + of them brought out of his miserable booth by two of his companions and + laid upon the ground to die. He was nearly naked. His companions pulled + his cap over his face and straightened out his limbs. Before they turned + to leave him he was dead. A slight movement of the limbs and all was over—the + captive was free! The Commissary's tent was close by one side of the + square, and near it the beef was laid upon boards preparatory to its + distribution. This sight seemed to excite the prisoners as the smell of + blood does the beasts of the menagerie. They surged up as near the lines + as they were allowed, and seemed, in their eagerness, about to break over. + While we were on the ground a heavy rain came up, and they seemed to + greatly enjoy it, coming out <i>a paris naturalibus</i>, opening their + mouths to catch the drops, while one would wash off another with his + hands, and then receive from him the like kind of office. Numbers get out + at night and wander to the neighboring houses in quest of food. + </p> + <p> + "From the camp of the living we passed to the camp of the dead—the + hospital—a transition which reminded me of Satan's soliloquy— + </p> + <p> + "Which way I fly is hell; myself am hell, And in the lowest deeps, a lower + deep, Still threatening to devour me, opens wide." + </p> + <p> + "A few tents, covered with pine-tops, were crowded with the dying and the + dead in every stage of corruption. Some lay in prostrate helplessness; + some had crowded under the shelter of the bushes; some were rubbing their + skeleton limbs. Twenty or thirty of them die daily; most of these, as I + was informed, of the scurvy. The corpses laid by the roadside waiting for + the dead-cart, their glaring eyes turned to heaven, the flies swarming in + their mouths, their big-toes tied together with a cotton string, and their + skeleton arms folded on their breasts. You would hardly know them to be + men, so sadly do hunger, disease, and wretchedness change 'the human face + divine.' Presently came the carts; they were carried a little distance to + trenches dug for the purpose and tumbled in like so many dogs. A few + pine-tops were thrown upon the bodies, a few shovelfuls of dirt, and then + haste was made to open a new ditch for other victims. The burying party + were Yankees detailed for the work, an appointment which, as the Sergeant + told me, they consider a favor, for they get a little more to eat and + enjoy fresh air. + </p> + <p> + "Thus we see at one glance the three great scourges of mankind—war, + famine, and pestilence, and we turn from the spectacle sick at heart, as + we remember that some of our loved ones may be undergoing a similar + misery." + </p> + <p> + "This publication," said Col. Bush, "made in one of their own papers at + the time, proves that all that has ever been said of their treatment of + our prisoners is true." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Uncle Daniel, "and much more." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel," said Dr. Adams, "this Miss Seraine Whitcomb was, indeed, a + true woman, and, as the President well said, a 'little heroine.' I take it + she was rather small, from this expression of his." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, she was rather small, but a pure jewel." + </p> + <p> + "She was a woman of great determination, and loved purely and strongly. + There are but few instances of such pure devotion and rare patriotism to + be found in the annals of history. What feelings she must have had while + traveling through the Confederacy in such anguish and suspense. She was a + jewel, sure enough." + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush here interrupted, saying: "The condition of our poor soldiers in + the prisons she visited must have driven her almost insane. It certainly + drove many of the poor sufferers into a state or condition of insanity, in + which numbers died in their ravings and delirium." + </p> + <p> + "Is it not wonderful," said Dr. Adams, "how soon these barbarities and + inhumanities are forgotten by our people?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush; "but you must remember that our people are moving + too rapidly to look back upon scenes of distress. Money and power are now + the watchwords—throw patriotism to the dogs. It is not needed now to + save their property and their rights. You must remember that a man like + Hibbard, the deputy at Pine Forest Prison, who allowed men to be shot down + like dogs and starved like wild beasts, is now looked upon with more + consideration and favor than Uncle Daniel, who gave his whole family as a + sacrifice for his country. Did not this same Hibbard travel all through + our country last Fall making speeches? Was he not received with shouts by + our very neighbors, within a stone's throw of this dear old man, whose son + was starved near unto death in Pine Forest Prison by this man? Has he not + held high positions in his State since? And I would not be surprised to + hear that he had been appointed to some Foreign Mission, in order that he + may represent our country abroad in the true Christian spirit of our + advanced civilization!" + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Uncle Daniel; "when he was North on his stumping tour I + mentioned the fact of his inhumanity, and only received jeers from those + who heard me—some young students who were not old enough to be in + the war, and now feel that it must never be mentioned except in a whisper. + It seems that all the treason, infamy, and the barbarities and cruelties + practiced during that bloody period are now condoned, and the persons who + practiced the greater wrongs are made thereby the more respectable. Oh, + that I had not lived to see these things! It makes me almost doubt my own + existence. Sometimes I feel that it is all a dream." + </p> + <p> + Maj. Clymer, in order to draw the aged man's mind away from this + unpleasant theme, inquired if he knew what became of Mrs. Lawton. + </p> + <p> + "I cannot tell," said Uncle Daniel; "she and Seraine corresponded for a + number of years after the termination of the war. The last we ever heard + of her she had married with an Englishman and located in Canada. God + knows, I hope she may yet be living and happy. She was a noble woman. I + fear, however, that she, too, has passed away, as we have had no tidings + of her for many years." + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel at this time becoming weary and very melancholy, we excused + him for the present, and asked permission to return again, when he + promised that he would continue his narrative, and, bidding him + good-night, we left, with an increased desire to hear more from his honest + and truthful lips. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0015" id="link2HCH0015"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XV. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + PLOTS TO POISON AND BURN.—FIRE AND POISON.—THE PLOT TO + BURN NORTHERN CITIES AND SPREAD DISEASE.—THE SCHEME + AVENGED.—PART OF THE CHIEF PLOTTERS BURNED BY THEIR OWN + COMBUSTIBLES. + + "The earth had not + A hole to hide this deed." + —Shakespeare +</pre> + <p> + Some weeks having elapsed since Uncle Daniel was excused, we were anxious + to hear him further, and assembled again at Mr. Wilson's house. Uncle + Daniel was feeling quite well, greeted us pleasantly, and asked that we be + seated. After the compliments of the season, we inquired if he was ready + to continue his story. He replied that he was, and began by saying: + </p> + <p> + "After Jackson had returned from escorting Seraine to her home in Detroit, + we discussed the question as to what steps should now be taken. Gen. + Anderson was still quite feeble, his wound being very painful. It was + thought that it would require considerable time for him to recover + sufficiently to again be able to take the field. He thought it would, + perhaps, be several months. Jackson, after reflection, thought he would + continue his investigation of the Golden Circle conspiracy, and to do so + satisfactorily deemed it best for him to go to England and get on the + track of their allies in that country, and see what preparations were + being made abroad in connection with the leaders in this country. Gen. + Anderson thought this a good plan. Henry, who had been growing stronger, + said to Jackson, that while he (Jackson) was making his voyage of + discovery through parts of Europe, he would go to Canada as soon as he was + able to do so, and carry out the plans left unexecuted by Jackson at the + time he returned from New York. This arrangement being understood by all, + we sent Ham out to the farm, in order that Dent might be summoned to + Allentown to give us what information he had gathered, if any, during our + afflictions and consequent suspension of our operations in that direction. + </p> + <p> + "We directed Ham to bring Mr. Dent back with him the next morning. At ten + o'clock Joseph Dent and Ham arrived from the farm. As soon as we could + conveniently do so, we had an interview with Dent as to what was + transpiring in his immediate neighborhood among his friends, the Knights + of the Golden Circle. He related to us the facts in reference to a meeting + held two nights before, about which he had intended to come in that day + and tell us, if Ham had not come after him. The facts, as he stated them + to us, were these: + </p> + <p> + "A person by the name of Harris stated to his confederates that he was + just from Richmond, Va., at the same time claiming to be a member of the + Confederate Congress from Missouri. (A part of Missouri believed that it + had seceded, as you may remember, just as a few Counties in Kentucky + thought they had.) Harris had passed through the lines, coming through + West Virginia and Kentucky, as any one could have done at any time, and as + many doubtlesss did. His statement, as Dent told it to us, was this: That + he was sent by the President of the Confederate States (so-called), and + was on his way to Indianapolis to lay a plan before the leaders in this + and other States; thence he was to pass into Canada and meet the leaders + there, and in that way have prompt action and co-operation assured. His + greatest desire seemed to be to meet Mr. Thos. A. Strider, who, he said, + was one of their best and shrewdest advisers. His headquarters were to be + at Windsor, Canada. He directed the Lodge to which Dent belonged to be + ready at a moment's notice to do whatever might be directed from the + Supreme Council. He told his hearers to spread the alarm wherever they + could without being suspected, that there was to be a great destruction of + property in the North; that, he said, would terrify leading men and + property holders; and, in order to satisfy his confederates that there was + a basis for this statement, he disclosed a part of a plot that had been + proposed to Jefferson Davis and was soon to be carried out. It was that a + discovery had been recently made by a professor of chemistry, one + McCullough, by which towns and cities, and vessels coming in and going out + of our ports, could be easily burned without danger of discovery. With + this newly-discovered combustible material a general and wholesale + destruction of all kinds of destructible property was to be inaugurated. + Harris said that agents were to be employed all over the country, who were + to be selected from the members of the Knights and to be made up of the + most reliable and tried men; that this matter had been duly considered and + determined upon by the authorities at Richmond; that Jacob Thomlinson, C. + C. Carey and others were now on their way to England to meet Mr. + McCullough, who was already there, and where the destructive material was + to be manufactured and brought in an English vessel to Canada, as there + was noway of getting from the Confederate States to the place from which + they wished to operate without running the gauntlet, and perhaps meeting + with dangers not desirable to be encountered. This man Harris also + instructed all who heard him that the penalty now fixed by the authorities + in the Councils of the Knights for disclosing any of their secrets was + death, which might be inflicted by any of the Order ascertaining the fact + so that no doubt could exist as to the guilt of the person who had played + traitor to them. + </p> + <p> + "This, I could see, alarmed Dent and made him cautious and hesitating at + times when we would give expression to our utter abhorrence of the use of + such villainous means as seemed to be in contemplation by our enemies. We + constantly assured the old man, however, that he need have no fears of any + of us, which, of course, he had not; yet he was somewhat timid. He could + not tell which way Harris started from their meeting, nor how he was + traveling. This ended his recollection of Harris's statement. We then got + Dent again to repeat the signs, grips, passwords and instructions to Gen. + Anderson and Capt. Jackson, as well as to Henry, and so they found + themselves well posted. Then, thanking Dent and encouraging him to + persevere in his discoveries, we allowed him to go and make his + arrangements with David's widow about matters at the farm and then return + home. + </p> + <p> + "The next day I wrote to the President, giving him the history of matters + as detailed to us by Joseph Dent; also, the plan we had laid out for the + future. In a few days I received a note from Washington, unsigned, merely + saying, 'the plan is approved.' I knew from whom the note came, and was + well satisfied to have the plans carried out. + </p> + <p> + "The next day we received a letter from Peter, informing us that he was + well, and that the Army of the Center was in camp and were expecting a + long rest after the two great battles. This delighted my wife, as she felt + that while they were not moving, her boys were safe. By this time all + necessary arrangements had been made for Jackson's departure, and after + bidding his mother and the rest of us good-by he left for New York; from + there he expected to sail for Europe. On arriving at New York he called + upon Mc-Masterson and B. Wudd, and made satisfactory statements to them as + to the reasons for not going to Canada. After obtaining letters of + introduction to Jacob Thomlinson they proceeded to discuss the situation, + and from them he learned that preparations, such as had been detailed to + us by Dent, were evidently being made for great damage to towns, cities, + and property generally. He also obtained letters from McMasterson to some + important persons in London, where he professed to be going on some + mission for the rebels. The letters, as before, introduced Mr. Jackson, of + Memphis, Tenn. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0019" id="linkimage-0019"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0275.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Jackson Starts for Europe 275 " /> + </div> + <p> + "He sailed the following day and had a pleasant voyage. While on board the + vessel crossing the Atlantic he made the acquaintance of one Capt. + Redingson, a jolly, gentlemanly companion. They were very suspicious of + each other for some time, but finally Capt. Redingson gave him the sign of + the Golden Circle, to which Jackson responded. The friendship was then at + once established. Jackson carefully felt his way,—as you have seen, + he was a cautious man,—and finally discovered that Capt. Redingson + was well acquainted in Memphis. This rather placed Jackson in a dilemma, + as his letters located him at Memphis. Finally he turned the conversation + in the direction of building railroads, and finding that Capt. Redingson + knew nothing about railroads, he mentioned that he had been employed in + engineering work on the Memphis & Chattanooga Railroad. He said he + lived in Ohio, but claimed Memphis, Tenn., as his residence, inasmuch as + he was a rebel and would have nothing whatever to do with the North while + they were making war against his friends, as his people were all natives + of Virginia, he himself having been born there. This statement made all + things right, and the two had a jolly good time together the remainder of + the voyage. + </p> + <p> + "During one of their conversations Capt. Redingson, in relating some of + his war experiences, made mention of the fact that at one time, not long + past, he had met a young lady from Michigan in search of her sweetheart, + and that he had been her escort while she was at Richmond, and through + their lines to ours. At this moment Jackson told me that he came very near + spoiling everything by his agitation, but by rising and taking a glass of + water had time to recover, and then listened to the story with great + interest, asking a question occasionally. Capt. Redingson finally took a + small book from his pocket and read her name, 'Se-raine Whitcomb,' and + that of her lover, 'Henry Lyon,' and remarked, that he intended, if ever + he should have an opportunity, to find out the history of the two, as she + had impressed him very favorably, and, in fact, had excited his + admiration,—she was so gentle and frank, and withal so brave. + Jackson said at this point he again became very thirsty. + </p> + <p> + "Very soon the conversation took a turn in another direction, and Jackson + inquired if the Captain thought there were any persons in London looking + after the interests of the Confederacy, to which the Captain replied that + Jacob Thomlinson, C. C. Carey, and one or two others that he did not know, + were there on a secret mission, the nature of which was not fully known to + him, as he had only returned to Richmond from Mexico on one day and left + under orders the next, and had to run the blockade in order to get away. + His description of the passing of our vessels in the night out from + Wilmington in a vessel laden with cotton; the darkness, the stillness of + the night, the lights on our vessels, the fear of being discovered and + overtaken, the joy he experienced when they had passed our line and were + covered by one of their fast-running cruisers (the Susquehanna) was indeed + quite graphic. Jackson said that although the Captain was a rebel, and + perhaps engaged in running the blockade frequently, yet he was cheerful, + and took everything that seemed to be working against their success so + philosophically that he enjoyed his company, and rather liked him. During + the trip Capt. Redingson learned to like Jackson also, and made him a + confidant, promising to introduce him to many friends after they should + arrive, among whom he included Jacob Thomlinson, Carey, and many others. + He finally disclosed to Jackson the fact that he was sent by the + authorities at Richmond to London and Paris with a large amount of + Confederate bonds for sale, and that he would take Jackson with him to + visit the bankers, and also get him introduced, so that he might be + admitted to some of the Gentlemen's clubs, where he could hear much + discussion pro and con about the war. It seemed that Capt. Redingson had + been across several times on business for the Confederacy. + </p> + <p> + "When the vessel reached port, and all was ready, the two went out + together, and from Liverpool to London were engaged in conversation as to + how they could best manage to enjoy themselves while in London, and at the + same time attend to the business for which they were abroad. Jackson had + satisfied the Captain that he was going more to find out how the people + there felt, and the probabilities of the English Government rendering aid + to the Southern Confederacy, for the purpose of his speculating in bonds + and stocks, than for anything else, and at the same time to aid if he + could the friends of the Confederacy everywhere; and to use all means, no + matter what, for their success. They had not noticed any of the important + points until they came within some ten or twelve miles of London, when + their attention was attracted by the church and school buildings of + Harrow, beautifully situated on a hill rising from a plain. This + celebrated institution is one of the first in the Kingdom. It was founded + in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. Many distinguished men have been educated + there, among whom were Lord Byron, Sir Robert Peel, and Lord Palmerston. + After this the Captain and Jackson took much interest in the historic + objects presenting themselves till they reached London. + </p> + <p> + "On arriving they engaged rooms at the Charing Cross Hotel. During the + next day Capt. Redingson found his friend Jacob Thomlinson and brought him + to his room. Very soon after this he invited Jackson in and introduced him + as Mr. Win. Jackson, of Memphis, Tenn., a good and true friend of the + Confederacy, who was willing to do anything to aid in making the rebellion + a success. Mr. Thomlinson received him with much cordiality, and conversed + very freely, but cautiously. He was not quite as free and easy as Capt. + Redingson. Finally Mr. Thomlinson invited them to visit him at his hotel, + 'The Palace,' near Buckingham Palace, on the following evening, stating he + would have some friends who would be pleased to meet them. Jackson was + very desirous to accept this invitation, as perhaps the opportunity would + be afforded to get some information of value, and was consequently + delighted that Capt. Redingson promptly indicated their acceptance. + </p> + <p> + "In good season they made their toilets as if they were to meet the Queen + of England or the Prince of Wales, and set out for the Palace Hotel. On + arriving at the hotel and notifying Mr. Thomlinson of their presence, they + were ushered into his apartments, which they found were most elaborate and + elegant. + </p> + <p> + "On entering they were presented to Mr. C. C. Carey, Prof. McCullough, and + Dr. Blackman, of Kentucky. These men had the appearance of the Southern + aristocrats, except Prof. McCullough, whose manner and speech denoted + Northern antecedents. Jackson noted this particularly, and in the + subsequent conversation he learned that the Professor was of Northern + birth and education, having been, prior to 1860, professor of chemistry at + Princeton College, N. J. For a time the conversation ran on the voyage and + the many interesting places that should be visited by all travelers. + Before the evening was over, however, the topic was changed, and the + success of the Confederacy (as they were pleased to call it) became the + engrossing subject of discussion. + </p> + <p> + "Jackson was here tested and found not only sound in this, the most + interesting of all questions to them, but it was thought he might be made + very useful in assisting them in perfecting and executing their plans. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Thomlinson and Captain Redingson discussed the selling of bonds, + etc.; Thomlinson stating that the intention of the authorities at Richmond + was to have given him the bonds, but that they were not prepared in time, + as he had to leave at a certain date to escape the blockade, on account of + his previous relations with the United States Government. Captain + Redingson replied that he knew nothing about the business except from his + instructions, and he could not do otherwise than to obey them. + </p> + <p> + "After many suggestions it was finally understood that a meeting of the + gentlemen then present should be held every evening at the same rooms, + except when engagements otherwise should interfere. Capt. Redingson and + Jackson then took leave of the other parties and returned to their hotel. + </p> + <p> + "After going to their rooms Captain Redingson remarked that he wished + Jackson to stay with him and be his guest, as he feared he might need a + friend in future in reference to his business; that he desired him to + witness his transactions in reference to the sale of the bonds in his + custody. At the same time he asked Jackson if he had heard what Thomlinson + stated in reference to his (Thomlinson) being the one who was to have + placed the bonds. Jackson responded that he had. Redingson said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Jackson, I intend to deal honestly with my Government (meaning the + Confederacy) in this whole matter, and I do not intend that these bonds in + my possession shall be a missing 'Indian Trust Fund?' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson remarked, 'Why, Captain, what do you mean by Indian Trust Fund?' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh! nothing,' said the Captain; 'it was a mere idle remark.' + </p> + <p> + "This, however, opened a flood of light in upon Jackson's mind in + reference to matters of the past, in connection with certain frauds upon + the United States Government. He pretended not to understand the Captain, + however, and there the conversation on this subject dropped. Jackson + thanked the Captain for his generosity, but declined to accept his offer,—that + of being his guest while in London,—but said he would remain with + him as long as he could do so. They agreed that the next day they would + visit some few points of interest while resting and before starting into + business matters, and separated for the night. After Jackson had retired + to his room he jotted down what he had seen and heard, the names of those + whom he had met, etc., and at the same time he concluded there was a + chance for a fair-sized row between Jacob Thomlinson and Capt. Redingson. + </p> + <p> + "Evidently, the latter had but little confidence in the former, and was + determined to look well to his own matters of business. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning, after they had breakfasted, a programme was arranged + and they started out in a cab sightseeing. The first place of interest + visited was the monument at Fish-street Hill, near London Bridge, which + stands as the enduring monument to London's great fire in 1666. The next + place, which is usually the first one visited by travelers, was + Westminster Abbey—the shrine of the ashes of some of the most + illustrious and greatest of England's dead. They then visited the Temple, + being next in antiquarian interest; then St. Paul's Church, the Middle and + Inner Temple Hall, Middle Temple Library, Temple Gardens, and one or two + of the principal parks. By this time they had whiled away the most of the + day, and therefore returned to Charing Cross Hotel. + </p> + <p> + "After dinner that evening they again visited the rooms of Jacob + Thomlinson and found the same friends of the evening before. After + salutations, and the ordinary chat about London and the points visited by + each, the conversation again turned on the war at home. On this occasion + ways and means were discussed very freely. The Professor and Dr. Blackman + seemed to be really fiendish in their feelings and suggestions. The + Professor was very anxious that money should be obtained at once, in order + that the plan agreed to at Richmond should be entered upon without delay, + which was, as heretofore stated, that the material was to be made in large + quantities wherewith towns, cities and other property could be easily + burned without detection. Jackson inquired of the Professor what his + combustible was, to which he replied: + </p> + <p> + "'There are but two men who have the secret; it cannot be given without + the consent of both and in the presence of both. I can,' he continued, + 'burn the city of New York in one day or night by throwing this + preparation in eight or ten places at the same point of time, and no power + can prevent its success in making destruction certain. The person throwing + it can, by a certain gauge, give himself plenty of time to be entirely out + of the sight of any one who might chance to be near. In that way he would + not even be suspected. When the explosion takes place the flames will + instantly cover an entire block of buildings. It has been so thoroughly + tested that there is now no longer any doubt of the destructive power of + the material.' + </p> + <p> + "Capt. Redingson here interposed a question, desiring to know if this + would come within the range of civilized warfare? + </p> + <p> + "'Civilized warfare!' said Dr. Blackman; 'what do I care for the rules of + civilized warfare? Have not these Yankees destroyed our property? Are they + not setting our slaves free? Is not that destruction of our property + rights?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Capt. Redingson; 'but this is retaliation on property and + persons that are not doing any injury. You must remember that we have many + good friends North, and this mode of warfare would be the destruction of + women and children.' + </p> + <p> + "'Very well,' said Dr. Blackman; 'let that be so. If those people are, as + you say, our friends, let them join in and help us. They can stop this war + if they want to do so. No, sir! they are only pretended friends. They are + after the dollar, and play between the lines!' + </p> + <p> + "Jacob Thomlinson here spoke up, saying: 'You are quite right, Doctor; we + cannot look for help from any of those people, and the sooner we light up + their cities with a grand and bright light the better!' + </p> + <p> + "'Very well, gentlemen; I was merely wishing to understand the matter,' + said Capt. Redingson. + </p> + <p> + "Dr. Blackman by this time was walking to and fro across the room somewhat + excitedly. Halting in front of Capt. Redingson, he said: 'I presume that + your Christian sentiments would revolt at my proposition, and to which the + authorities have already assented.' + </p> + <p> + "'What is that?' quickly inquired Capt. Redingson. + </p> + <p> + "'It is to spread disease in the Northern cities and through the Northern + army.' + </p> + <p> + "The Captain promptly replied: 'Well, sir, this would be a novel way of + fighting battles. I had supposed that physicians were educated in the line + of preventing and curing diseases, and not in the practice of how to + spread them.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sir! as a principle, that is so; but in a case like this, where is + the difference between shooting a man to death and poisoning him to + death?' said the Doctor. + </p> + <p> + "'Doctor, I can see a very great difference. In the one case you fight + him, giving him an equal chance with yourself; in the other, you murder + him in the most dastardly and cowardly manner.' + </p> + <p> + "'I am greatly surprised at you, sir,' said the Doctor. 'I thought you + were one of our truest men?' + </p> + <p> + "'So I am,' responded the Captain. 'But, Doctor, we had better not discuss + this matter further. I shall obey my orders; but please excuse me from + anything more than to do so in the direction of which you were speaking.' + </p> + <p> + "During this discussion Jackson had remained silent. The Doctor, turning + to him, said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Jackson, what are your views on the subjects under discussion?' + </p> + <p> + "To this Jackson replied that, being unacquainted with the usages of war, + he was not competent to decide, but he thought while all parties + implicitly obey orders, he did not see that individual opinions cut very + much of a figure in the operations of a great war. + </p> + <p> + "Thomlinson said that was the most sensible solution of the question; that + he presumed there were a great many questions upon which we might all have + very different shades of opinion. + </p> + <p> + "'But, Doctor,' said Jackson, 'there is a difficulty in my mind as to how + you are to carry out your proposed plan.' + </p> + <p> + "'Not the slightest difficulty, sir. I have already made arrangements with + all the smallpox hospitals of England, so that instead of destroying or + burying in the ground the towels, sheets, covers, blankets, and + under-clothing, they are all to be boxed up tightly and covered with clean + blankets and sent to an out-of-the-way place which I have prepared. + </p> + <p> + "I am to pay for them on delivery. I have persons employed, all of whom + have passed through the most malignant forms of the disease. They are + collecting and having brought to this out-house those infected goods. When + I have a sufficient quantity of them I shall purchase a large amount of + material used by soldiers, such as handkerchiefs, stockings, underwear, + sheets for hospitals, etc., mix them with the infected goods, box them up + and ship them to the Sanitary Commission in New York by way of Canada for + distribution to the Union Soldiers, post hospitals, and sanitariums. I + shall go to the Charity Hospital Association here and get permission to + send them in their name; in fact, I have the permission now. They, of + course, do not know they are infected goods, but I have given them the + list of goods I intend to purchase, and they will give me the letter I + wish, turning the goods over to me as their agent to take them to New York + and present them to the Sanitary Commission for the Union armies. I have + given to them the name of James Churchill, of London.' + </p> + <p> + "'But, Doctor, how will you take them on board ship without danger to the + people on the vessel?' + </p> + <p> + "'Very easily, sir. There is not the slightest danger in doing so. I will + pack them inside fresh linens and blankets, with cotton and paper outside + of them, making the boxes of good material and very close in the joints. I + shall leave for New York in about one month, and I have no fears that I + will not succeed in doing great damage to the army, and also to the + members of the Sanitary Commission who handle the goods. I regard the + Commission as a set of scamps and hypocrites.' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson here interrupted, saying: 'Doctor, you seem to have your scheme + pretty well planned, and it looks as though it might be a success.' + </p> + <p> + "This Dr. Blackman seems to have been a communicative individual, and + Jackson having sounded him all that he wished at that time, the Captain + and Jackson took their leave and repaired to their hotel. When there the + Captain walked into Jackson's room and stood for a moment looking straight + into Jackson's face. Finally, he spoke in about these words: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Jackson, I am a rebel! I am what is called a traitor to the United + States Government. I am in favor of the whole country becoming one + universal wreck before I would submit to go back into the Union. But, sir, + I want you to remember, if you should ever think of Capt. Redingson in the + future, that his mother was a Christian woman, and taught her son to have + some of the instincts of humanity. No, sir; I am no murderer; no city + burner; no poisoner! I have listened to all these things and remained + partially silent. But, as God is my judge, I will not be a party to any of + these schemes. I will obey all legitimate orders, so far as money is + concerned, and as a soldier will do my duty; but no man has a right to + order me to commit murder or to perform inhuman acts, and I will not do + it!' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson listened to him, and then gave him his hand, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Captain, you are a man, and a gentleman, with true appreciation of what + may be justified in war, and that which cannot be.' + </p> + <p> + "The Captain said he would go the next day to see the syndicate that was + to take the bonds, and as soon as he could arrange his matters he would + leave London. + </p> + <p> + "Jackson told him he would go with him, and they parted for the night with + that understanding. + </p> + <p> + "The next day the Captain made a visit to the office of the syndicate, + where all the preliminaries were arranged. Jackson, at the Captain's + request, and in pursuance of their former understanding, accompanied him. + An arrangement was made for the Captain to meet these gentlemen the next + day at the Bank of England, where the bonds were to be verified with + papers sent by the Secretary of the Treasury of the Confederacy. Being + quite weary they did not that evening visit the rooms of Jacob Thomlinson. + After the Captain retired Jackson wrote to me a detailed statement of all + that had transpired, and directed his letter to his mother, so that no + suspicion could attach, not knowing what might happen. + </p> + <p> + "I will digress here a moment to say that the letter was received in the + due course of the mail. The statements it contained as to the proposed + schemes were so revolting that they struck terror to my very soul. I left + for Washington the next morning. On arriving there I laid the letter + before the President. He read it and seemed to be dumfounded. He finally + said: + </p> + <p> + "'Is it possible that such men live in this day and age?' + </p> + <p> + "He sent for the Secretary of War. The letter contained a minute + description of Dr. Blackman and Professor McCullough. Certain reliable + officers were at once detailed and dispatched to New York, with proper + authority to arrest either or both of these men, if they or either of them + should chance to enter that city. The President talked freely with me + after this was done, asking me many questions about the feelings of the + people. As soon as I could leave Washington I did so. Having performed my + errand I returned home and found Henry sufficiently recovered to undertake + his promised trip to Canada, and the day following my arrival he started. + I have wandered from the subject, however, and must get back to London." + </p> + <p> + "It is all interesting, Uncle Daniel," said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, yes! but I must get back to London. The day agreed upon the Captain + (Jackson accompanying him), met the gentlemen of the syndicate of the Bank + of England, and then and there the bonds in the possession of Capt. + Redingson were verified and found correct according to the Secretary's + letters. The bonds taken by the syndicate amounted to several millions of + dollars, and, much to the surprise of the Captain, the syndicate had + instructions also from the authorities at Richmond to place two millions + in the Bank of England to the credit of the Treasury of the Confederate + Government, one million in the Bank of France to the same credit, and one + million in the Bank of England to the credit of Jacob Thomlinson, and the + remainder (|50,000) to be paid to Capt. T. P. Redingson. This he placed to + his own credit. He then took a statement of the whole transaction from the + bank. After giving his signature, so that he might draw for his money, he + was then ready to leave. When asked if he knew Mr. Jacob Thomlinson, he + replied that he did, and then in turn asked the bank officer the same + question. He answered that Mr. Thomlinson was well known to the bank, and, + in fact, was then in the back room in consultation with some other + gentlemen. This seemed to nettle the Captain, as he felt that he was + watched by Thomlinson. Jackson asked the Captain if he was ready to + return. He signified that he was. They took leave of all the gentlemen, + and left for their hotel. + </p> + <p> + "That evening they visited the rooms of Jacob Thomlinson. Before starting + the Captain spoke rather angrily about Mr. Thomlinson's conduct and about + the amount of money placed to Thomlinson's credit. Jackson, being a very + deliberate man, advised the Captain not to have any discussion with + Thomlinson, but to take everything for granted and to agree to whatever + plans the gentlemen at the rooms might suggest; that he could leave the + country whenever he wished, and not meet them at any point in the United + States or Canada. The Captain, with some warmth, said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Jackson, I will not meet them anywhere away from here to assist in + carrying out their murderous plots and schemes! Thomlinson has the money + to his credit, and can buy and pay for what he pleases. I will no longer + be responsible; and the fact that so much money is placed to his credit + causes me to have suspicion that these schemes, as they say, have been + indorsed by the authorities at Richmond. Now, my dear sir, if I knew that + to be true, so help me Heaven, I would renounce the whole concern, as much + of a rebel as I am. I would go to Mexico or some other country and live. + What! I, Thomas P. Redingson, a man of reputation, born of Christian + parents, assisting in spreading disease amongst poor soldiers, who are + merely obeying the orders of their Government? No, sir! no sir! never I I + do not believe that the All-seeing God will allow this infamy to prosper.' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson then said: 'Captain, let us go; they may be waiting for us.' + </p> + <p> + "They proceeded to the meeting place. Upon entering they found all + present, and apparently feeling very much gratified at something. The + champagne was flowing freely and the conversation became quite loud. A new + face appeared in their midst. They were introduced to him. His name was + given as Dr. Mears, formerly of Washington City. In the course of the + evening it was disclosed that he was the man referred to by Prof. + McCullough as the only man other than himself possessing the secret of the + discovery of the great combustible that was to burn up the world. Jackson + excused himself from taking any wine on account of his head not being in + good condition. After many bumpers they all sat down to review the + situation. + </p> + <p> + "C. C. Carey said that the first thing now, since the necessary money had + been provided, was to ascertain what length of time would be necessary to + perfect the arrangements, as well as for Dr. Blackman to complete his + collection. + </p> + <p> + "Dr. Blackman, always loquacious, spoke up instantly, 'I will be ready in + two weeks.' + </p> + <p> + "Prof. McCullough thought it would require a greater length of time for + him and Dr. Mears to make proper preparations. He thought that four weeks + would be sufficient time. + </p> + <p> + "So it was finally decided that the three should make their arrangements + to be ready to sail within four weeks, and that they would sail on the + same vessel for Montreal, Canada. Jacob Thomlinson and C. C. Carey were to + precede them and have matters all prepared for taking care of and storing + their materials. The time was not then fixed for these gentlemen to sail, + but it was understood they should go in advance and make all the necessary + arrangements for quick and effective work as soon as the Professor and the + two Doctors should arrive in Montreal. The plan was that agents were to be + selected from their sworn friends of the Golden Circle, who were known to + be tried and true men of great daring and courage. These men were to be + placed at different points, where they were to be furnished with the + material and instructed by Prof. McCullough and Dr. Mears on their + arrival. Their operations were to be from Canada. The agents were to + operate against New York and New England towns and cities from Montreal; + also, against Buffalo and interior cities in the State of New York from + Toronto, and against Cleveland, Cincinnati and Chicago from Windsor. + </p> + <p> + "These preliminaries having been settled, the next inquiry was as to how + the money was to be placed to defray all the expenses. Mr. Thomlinson made + inquiry as to the amount that would be required. The estimates were made + at once by Dr. Blackman for his part, and by Prof. McCullough for the + 'fireworks,' as Redingson now called them. The two estimates footed up + $109,000. Thomlinson thought that would be very extravagant. The Professor + inquired if he knew the material to be used. Thomlinson admitted that he + did not. + </p> + <p> + "Jackson saw that Redingson was regarding Prof. McCullough, with a look of + intense curiosity. Nothing was said for some moments. The silence was + finally broken by Mr. Carey saying that he thought it might be a good plan + to have one of the party who was to remain in London to have the amount + placed to his credit somewhere, so that he could act as Treasurer for the + two divisions of labor, and draw all the checks or drafts necessary. Dr. + Blackman spoke to Thomlinson, saying that he thought well of that plan. + </p> + <p> + "'Well, gentlemen,' Mr. Thomlinson said, 'whom will you select?' + </p> + <p> + "Prof. McCullough said: 'I do not care; I am willing that Dr. Blackman + shall act if he will do so. What say you, Dr. Mears?' The Doctor assented, + and it was so arranged. + </p> + <p> + "Jacob Thomlinson said: 'All right, gentlemen; on tomorrow I will make the + deposit, and then Mr. Carey and myself will take the first chance for + getting to Canada, in in order to make the arrangements as now + understood.' At the same time he asked Capt. Redingson when and where + would his orders take him. + </p> + <p> + "The Captain replied that he should return to Richmond as soon as he could + get through the lines. Speaking to Jackson, he said: 'I suppose you will + remain in London for the present.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' replied Jackson; 'I shall look around the country some little + before returning.' + </p> + <p> + "They all agreed to have one final meeting the next evening, prior to + separating for their various destinations. Bidding each other good-night + they left. + </p> + <p> + "Capt. Redingson and Jackson wended their way to their hotel. After + arriving at their rooms Capt. Redingson commenced the conversation. You + will notice that these two men never talked on the street, or elsewhere + than in their room. Redingson said to Jackson: + </p> + <p> + "'Did you see how loath Thomlinson was to put money in any other hands + than his own?' + </p> + <p> + "'I saw some hesitancy,' said Jackson. + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sir, he proposes to spend only what is absolutely necessary. None + of it will ever find its way into the Confederate Treasury. He loves money + equal to any Yankee. But now, Mr. Jackson, what do you propose? Will you + return to New York, or will you remain here for a time? + </p> + <p> + "Said Jackson, 'I ought to return very soon, but I have learned but little + as yet in reference to the sentiments of the people in England, and am + thinking of remaining for a short time longer.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sir, if you have no objections, I will remain for a time with you. + I would like to see and learn more than I have about several matters. Let + us go to-morrow and take a look around. What do you say?' + </p> + <p> + "'Very well,' replied Jackson. + </p> + <p> + "'Good night,' said the Captain. + </p> + <p> + "When Jackson was alone, he wrote again under cover of his mother's name, + without signing his own, giving full details of the plan of attack on the + cities named, agents to be employed, etc. He gave the names of places in + Canada from which the attacks with fire were to be made. Thomlinson and + Carey's headquarters were to be at Montreal; therefore Jackson suggested + that I send for Henry and put him on the track, and for him to discover + the agents so they could be arrested, etc. This, he thought, could not be + risked in a letter to Canada. Hence, I wrote to Henry to come home. He + came at once. I gave him Jackson's letter and he studied it, making + diagrams, etc., and then returned to Canada, determined to get in with + these men and learn who their agents were, etc. I could not visit + Washington at that time, so I took the chances of a letter to the + President. He received my letter and took the proper precaution to have + careful watch for the developments of the dreadful wickedness. + </p> + <p> + "Now, let me return to the Captain and Jackson. According to their + agreement when we left them, the following morning they started out and + spent a day of great interest to them. While riding in a cab the Captain + said: 'I have a proposition to make to you, Mr. Jackson, which I will do + to-night. The more I reflect upon what certain men are going to attempt, + the more atrocious it appears to me.' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson looked at him, but with his usual caution made no response, + except that he would be glad to hear what he had to say. That night when + all the parties met at Jacob Thomlinson's rooms, as per engagement, all + were good natured and full of hope and belief as to their success and the + future triumph of the Confederate cause. In the conversation it seemed + that the Professor and Dr. Blackman had come to the conclusion that they + could be ready perhaps a week sooner than they had at first thought. Jacob + Thomlinson said: 'All right, gentlemen, the sooner the better.' + </p> + <p> + "He then revealed to them that he had that day chartered for safety a + fast-running steamer called the Will-o'-the-Wisp, to transport them and + their supplies of material from Liverpool to Montreal. The Captain and + officers were, he said, their friends, and ready to aid them in anything. + To Dr. Blackman he said: 'Take this letter; in it you will find full + instructions and memoranda, so that you can at any time communicate with + the Captain of the vessel. You had better send your material along with + some discreet person as rapidly as possible, and leave for Montreal the + first moment you can do so.' + </p> + <p> + "He also stated that he and Mr. Carey would leave London in the morning to + take passage from Liverpool to Montreal. The Messenger being the first + steamer to leave, they were going over in her. After some further talk of + no great importance, the Captain and Jackson bade good-by to all and + withdrew. + </p> + <p> + "After entering Jackson's room the Captain said: 'Mr. Jackson, I told you + last night that I could not see how the Living God could allow such + inhuman plans to succeed. Now, what I propose is this: for you and me to + remain and find if any vessel will leave for Montreal near the time, but + later than the Will-o'-the-Wisp, and that we take passage on her and + follow them. I am resolved that I will prevent this inhuman scheme from + being carried out. I do not believe that you will betray me, therefore I + tell you this. I do not now know how I am to do it, <i>but I will do it!</i> + What say you, sir? Are you a Christian man?' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson responded, saying, 'I am a man of but few words, and therefore + only say, give me your hand.' + </p> + <p> + "They elapsed hands and pledged fidelity to each other. + </p> + <p> + "'Now,' said the Captain, 'let us off for Paris to-morrow. We will not see + these men any more while here. We can watch the papers and learn about the + vessels, when they leave, etc.' + </p> + <p> + "This being agreed upon, the next day they were off. + </p> + <p> + "They visited Paris and quite a number of points of interest during the + delay of their friends in London. Finally, the Captain came to Jackson + with the Liverpool <i>Gazette</i> and showed him the advertisements. The + Will-o'-the-Wisp leaves Liverpool for Montreal, Canada, on Thursday, + ——— day of ———. + </p> + <p> + "'We must leave for Liverpool at once,' said the Captain, and in an hour + they were en route to London. + </p> + <p> + "Here they took the cars for Liverpool, and arrived the morning of the + departure of the parties with their fireworks, poisoned clothing, etc., on + the Will-o'-the-Wisp. She was a beauty—very long, with a sharp prow. + She sat in the water like a seafowl, and sped away out of port as if she + expected to attract the admiration of the immense throng on the wharf. + They soon ascertained that the Fairy Queen, a very fast-going steamer, + would leave the same evening for the same place,—Montreal, Canada,—and + at once engaged passage and went on board of her. + </p> + <p> + "During the day the Captain said: 'Mr. Jackson, you are not as much of a + talker as our friend Blackman. I do not believe there is one of the + friends whom we have met in London who could tell your full name, where + you were born, what your business is or has been, or where you intend + going.' + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir,' replied Jackson; 'I never intrude myself upon any one. These + gentlemen all seemed unreserved in their conversation, did they not? How + did they know that I could be trusted with their secrets?' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh! they knew that I would not have introduced you unless I knew you + were all right. And they do not seem to appreciate the enormity of what + they are doing. Oh! I did not tell you the curious dream that haunted me + in my sleep last night?' + </p> + <p> + "'No,' replied Jackson; 'will you tell me what it was?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sir. It was this: I dreamed that Dr. Mears and the Professor had + committed a murder in London, and were tried, convicted and hanged; they + were both cremated mated, and that you and I were invited to see it; then + their bodies were in a blaze like tinder, and soon became nothing but a + small quantity of ashes.' + </p> + <p> + "Jackson said that was a very singular dream. + </p> + <p> + "'But that was not all. I thought that Dr. Blackman was a perfect sight to + behold with smallpox, and that he was delirious, and jumped into the + Thames, and that you and I rescued him, took him to the hospital, and had + him attended to. I then awoke. The whole thing was so vivid to my mind + that I believed it to be true for a moment. What say you to this? I + believe somewhat in dreams, and fear that these reckless men will get into + trouble with their infernal machines, or fireworks, and poisons. They must + not be permitted to carry out their hellish purposes, as I told you, and + you agreed that they shall not do it. I will suffer death before I will + see these plots succeed and carry the guilty knowledge on my conscience + through life. I swear, if President Davis has sanctioned this, I hope the + Confederacy may sink into utter nothingness. What say you?' + </p> + <p> + "Said Jackson: 'I agree to all, except I do not believe in dreams.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, well, we shall see,' said the Captain. 'It is a warning of some + kind.9 + </p> + <p> + "That afternoon the vessel moved out of port in majestic style. The + steamer Fairy Queen was stylish and noted for speed. Nothing transpired to + cause any excitement until the sixth day out. They had spoken several + vessels on the voyage and found them moving on all right. On this day they + discovered a vessel far in advance of them. The Captain and Jackson were + on the deck, and concluded that it must be the Will-o'-the-Wisp. That + night they were coming close to her, when the Captain of the Fairy Queen + told them that the vessel in sight was the Will-o'-the-Wisp, and that she + was moving slower than usual. + </p> + <p> + "During the night, perhaps about two o'clock, they were aroused by + fog-horns and various noises. They arose and went out. It was dark and the + fog so dense that nothing could be seen. The fog-horns indicated that the + vessels were coming dangerously near to each other. The running to and fro + and the language of the Captain of the ship all betokened danger. + </p> + <p> + "By this time the passengers were all up and out in so many different + garbs that it was laughable, though the danger was imminent. The two + vessels were nearing each other in spite of all that could be done by + officers or crews. Finally the Fairy Queen was turned and run in the + contrary direction from her course, and by that movement we got out of the + swing of the Will-o'-the-Wisp. All remained up, filled with alarm. + </p> + <p> + "In the morning the fog lifted, and again they could see their way. The + Will-o'-the Wisp was still in view, but seemed to be struggling. Nearing + her again they found she was crippled in some way. The Captain of the + Fairy Queen spoke her and inquired her trouble, when he found one of her + shafts was broken. The arrangement was being made to get her tow-line and + aid her on her way. Just as they were fastening it they saw a stream of + fire pour from her that looked as if the whole ocean was in a blaze. Their + vessel had to cut loose and move rapidly to save herself. The fire seemed + to leap into and out of the water, like great burning shafts, seemingly + reaching the very heavens. It would then play on the surface of the water + and reach apparently miles away. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0020" id="linkimage-0020"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0284.jpg" width="100%" + alt="The Burning of the Will-o-the-wisp 284 " /> + </div> + <p> + "There was no possible means by which any assistance could be rendered. No + one could live near her, nor could a vessel of any kind approach. They + could hear such frightful shrieks as would have made a demon shudder. + Finally nothing could be seen save sheets of sulphurous flame jumping and + skipping over the water as if playing with the waves. Then all became + dark, and a streak of suffocating smoke hung over the water, as if a lake + of burning brimstone was belching forth over the sea. + </p> + <p> + "All on the Fairy Queen stood aghast and looked as though stricken with + paralysis. When the dark cloud of smoke had passed away there was nothing + in sight save one small boat, perhaps a mile away. The Will-o'-the-Wisp + was gone forever, and it looked as though all on board had gone with her. + The Fairy Queen steamed up and steered in the direction of the small boat, + and found that it contained but two persons. It was found that one sailor + and Dr. Blackman had escaped by cutting loose with the little boat when + the first signs of trouble were discovered. The doctor knew what was + coming, and made away for dear life. + </p> + <p> + "When Jackson and Capt. Redingson made themselves known to him he was + greatly surprised. They then talked the matter over, and all agreed that + all the schemes of the Professor and Dr. Blackman were at an end. + </p> + <p> + "Capt. Redingson turned to Jackson, saying, 'There is my dream.' + </p> + <p> + "Blackman said Dr. Mears and the Professor were lost, and their great + secret with them. + </p> + <p> + "Capt. Redingson asked how this fire could have occurred. + </p> + <p> + "The Doctor thought some of the Professor's material must have ignited in + some way. 'The truth is,' he said, 'the ship was wrapt in flames in an + instant. I saw this sailor jump into the life-boat, and I followed him. We + are the only ones of all on board that are saved. The rest were all burned + to death before they could possibly get from the vessel into the sea. + There has never been any such combustible made before, and perhaps never + will be again. But it is lost.' + </p> + <p> + "He seemed very despondent all the rest of the voyage. When they arrived + in Montreal and conveyed the sad intelligence to Jacob Thomlinson and Mr. + Carey, they were overwhelmed with disappointment. Their schemes were all + blasted and they were bewildered. + </p> + <p> + "Finally, after some days of talking and consulting, they concluded to + send Dr. Blackman to Richmond for instructions as to further operations. + The first news that reached Richmond of the burning of the + Will-o'-the-Wisp created great consternation. The loss of Prof. McCullough + and Dr. Mears was thought to be the severest blow they had received. + </p> + <p> + "Dr. Blackman left Jackson and Capt. Redingson to go to Richmond, but + which way he went they never knew. Capt. Redingson took passage for + Nassau, there to run the blockade, and was never heard of again by + Jackson. I hope he is alive, as I think he was at heart a good man, full + of noble impulses. Jackson was very fond of him, rebel as he was." + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush said: "Well, Prof. McCullough and Dr. Mears got their just + deserts; their own fireworks did the business." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, yes! but the innocent officers and crew suffered with them." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush, "but this had to be; the Lord did not intend that + such infamy should be permitted to succeed." + </p> + <p> + "But," said Maj. Clymer, "there was Dr. Blackman, just as bad as either of + the others; he escaped most miraculously." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush; "his material, however, was all lost, and he had a + warning against trying the same thing again. There was no great secret in + his material to be lost; but there was in the others', and the gain to + mankind was in the loss of their diabolical secret." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, what became of this vile conspirator, Dr. Blackman?" asked + Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Well, Doctor, I am sorry to be compelled, with shame, to state the fact, + but nevertheless it is a fact, that this same man, Dr. Blackman, has been + made Governor of one of the States since the war, and at the same time his + record was known by his constituents. But it did not seem to lose him any + friends with his party, but, on the contrary, seemed to help him. Yes, + yes, my friends, this is the sad phase of the whole matter. It matters not + what a man did if he was a rebel; but if a Union man, and he did the + slightest wrong, he was disgraced forever. None of the great and inhuman + wrongs are remembered against the individual rebels who violated every + instinct of humanity." + </p> + <p> + Here the old gentleman became silent, and placing his hands over his face, + wept like a child. At length he continued: + </p> + <p> + "I, with all my sacrifices, even here at home would be thrust aside in + order that the citizens might pay homage to the men who would have + afflicted their own household with loathsome disease, and at the same time + mocked at their calamity. If God wills, let it be so. I do not believe, + however, that He is doing more than trying the Nation, to see if our + people are worthy of such a Government as ours." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0016" id="link2HCH0016"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVI. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + A HAPPY WEDDING.—MARRIAGE OF SERAINE WHITCOMB AND HENRY + LYON.—FIRE AND PLAGUE.—THE PLOTTING IN CANADA TO BURN + CITIES AND SPREAD DISEASE. + + "I did not fall in love—I rose in love."—Bulwer. +</pre> + <p> + "After Jacob Thomlinson and C. C. Carey had recovered somewhat from their + alarm and demoralization, they spoke freely to their friends in Montreal + (and they had many there) about the burning of the Will-o'-the-Wisp, + saying it was a great loss to their interests, without specifying in what + way. In a few days Jackson, (after finding that they had invited + Valamburg, of Ohio, Strider, Bowen, and Bryan, of Indiana, for + consultation,) could remain no longer, as he would be known by Valamburg + at once. He bade his friends good-by, saying he would travel through the + West and would return if it became important to do so. He left for + Toronto, remained there a day or so, and then came to Windsor, where he + remained for several days. Finally he met Henry, who had just returned + from Montreal to Windsor, where he was known as Henry Davis. He was + introduced by Henry to one Samuel Wintergreen, who was in the employ of + the Confederacy, or, in other words, of the rebels, getting everything + ready for raids on the cities and villages in Ohio and Illinois. This man + was very shy of Jackson, but spoke freely on all subjects save what he was + himself doing. Henry and he were chums and seemed to understand each other + perfectly. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0021" id="linkimage-0021"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0299.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Thomlinson and Friends in Consultation 299 " /> + </div> + <p> + "Wintergreen was from Thomlinson's town in the South, and was fully + trusted and posted by him with all their plans and schemes. The only + remark he made to Jackson was that he knew, from Mr. Thomlinson, who + Jackson was, and merely asked if he saw the burning of the + Will-o'-the-Wisp; to which Jackson replied in the affirmative. Jackson and + Henry had arranged so that they should leave for Detroit the next day. + Henry informed Wintergreen that he must visit Detroit on matters of + importance, and that he might, perhaps, be detained for some considerable + time, but that he would keep his eyes and ears open at all times during + his absence. The next morning Jackson and Henry met in accordance with + their agreement and immediately left for Detroit. Upon arriving they drove + directly to the house of Mr. Whitcomb, where they found the old gentleman, + his wife, and Seraine; James, her brother, now a Lieutenant and + Aide-de-Camp to Gen. Anderson, having some time prior left for Allentown, + in order to be with the General, where he had since remained, giving to + him every attention. While spending a pleasant evening at the home of Mr. + and Mrs. Whitcomb, in conversation, in reference to the army, Henry + remarked that he longed to be in the cavalry service once more, so that he + might get even for the suffering he had experienced at the hands of our + enemies while nearly starving to death in Pine Forest Prison. + </p> + <p> + "Miss Seraine here spoke with much feeling, her eyes filling with tears as + she said: 'I think there are quite a sufficient number of your family + already in their graves by the hands of the rebels without any more of you + taking the chances of death that must be taken in the army.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Jackson; 'and there seems to be one less at almost every + turn. I feel that my time will surely come sooner or later, before this + war closes.' + </p> + <p> + "This was uttered in such a sad and melancholy tone that Henry could not + for a moment control his feelings. Recovering, he said: + </p> + <p> + "'It does seem that our family are struggling against fate; just think of + the barbarous manner in which Harvey was killed, and see how, recently, + the fiendish bushwhackers murdered poor brother Stephen. Would you not + desire to be avenged on such wretches as these? Ever since I heard this, + which was but a short while ago, (first told me by Seraine,) I have felt + almost desperate, and certainly very revengeful.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Jackson, 'revenge is saia to be sweet; but suppose you cannot + get it, and instead of being revenged, you lose your own life?' + </p> + <p> + "'That is not all, Capt. Lyon,' as Seraine called him by his title; 'Mr. + Henry Lyon promised me that he would not enter the service again, but that + he would stay at home and take care of his father and mother, and I hope + he will do so, and not break his promise to me. I have periled my life for + him, and would do the same again.' + </p> + <p> + "Henry clasped her in his arms and said: 'Seraine, I will do anything for + you, and now I want to say right here, in the presence of my brother, that + I am now and ever have been, ready to fulfill all of my promises to you.' + </p> + <p> + "Seraine looked him in the face and said: 'I have never doubted you, + Henry, nor do I now.' + </p> + <p> + "'Jackson here interrupted, and turning to Henry, said: 'What are your + promises to Seraine?' + </p> + <p> + "'That she and I would become man and wife whenever she should say that + the time had arrived to have the marriage take place. Is it not so, + Seraine?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, Henry, that is true; but I have never thought that the proper time + had arrived.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said Jackson, 'if you will allow me to suggest, I think the time + has now arrived. Seraine, your father and mother are growing old; your + only brother is in the army and may never return.' And to Henry he said: + 'Our mother and father are also growing feeble from so much grief. Mother, + I think, cannot survive very much longer, and all of us who are now left, + save yourself, are in the army. From our experience thus far the future is + not full of hope. You and Seraine may soon be all that are left of both + families, except, perhaps, some one or more of our parents. Now, Seraine, + let us get your father and mother to go with us to ALLentown, and there, + in the presence of both families who yet remain above the sod, (save + brother Peter, who cannot be with us,) have this marriage solemnized. + Henry, our mother and Jennie would be very happy over this, and so would + Mary Anderson and the children, all of whom love Seraine very much.' + </p> + <p> + "By this time the tears were rolling down Seraine's cheeks. Henry stood + looking at her, and grasping her by the hand, when Jackson had finished, + he led her into the presence of her father and mother and told them the + proposition, and asked them to consent. They gave Seraine to Henry, and + blessed them both as their children. Seraine, in answer to Henry, thought, + in consideration of the whole situation, that the time had come, and that + she would acquiesce in the arrangements as proposed by Jackson, who was + happier now than he had been since the beginning of the war, and so + expressed himself to Seraine and Henry. The next day being agreed upon for + their departure for ALLentown, Jackson repaired to his room, leaving Henry + and Seraine together to talk over the details of their prospective + marriage. + </p> + <p> + "Leaving Detroit the following morning they arrived at my house in the + afternoon and found a warm welcome awaiting them, my wife and the two + other ladies of my household doing everything to make Seraine's father and + mother feel that they were more than merely welcome. When we were all + together Jackson became spokesman, and waxed quite eloquent over the whole + affair. When he had finished Gen. Anderson cried out: + </p> + <p> + "'Bravo! Bravo! Henry and Seraine!' + </p> + <p> + "My wife drew Seraine to her bosom as she would have taken a child, and + embraced her and wept, until, from sympathy, we all were overcome with + emotion. The family congratulated Henry. The two little girls did not + quite understand it all, and began plying us with questions until we had + to explain all about it, and tell them Seraine was going to be their + 'aunty.' This delighted them, and they commenced climbing upon Henry's + lap, and questioning him about their 'Aunty Seraine,' until finally he + made his escape from the house. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0022" id="linkimage-0022"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0313.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Marriage of Henry and Seraine 313 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The preliminaries were soon arranged, and Mr. Whit-comb and I procured + the necessary license. I then called in our minister, the Rev. Mr. Lowe, + who performed the marriage ceremony in the parlor of our home. We were + very happy that evening in celebrating Henry's and Seraine's wedding, and + seemed to have forgotten for the time being all our misfortunes and + griefs. In speaking of Seraine's success in visiting the Southern + prison-pens and rescuing Henry, I came very near letting out the secret + kept from her father and mother about the visit of Mary Anderson to the + President in order to rescue her brother, but caught myself in time and + changed the conversation. Our minister, a truly loyal man, was most + enthusiastic over the marriage, insisting that this was just as it should + be, and at the same time expressing some surprise that it had not taken + place before. I said to him that I felt so, but had not interfered. I had + allowed the two young people to arrange the matter to suit themselves. I + must confess, however, that I was well pleased, and certainly should never + have been satisfied if Henry had not married Seraine. No more devoted + woman ever lived. + </p> + <p> + "Just at this moment Aunt Martha announced tea. We all entered the + dining-room and sat down to tea, as she called it, but found, instead, a + right royal wedding feast, which all enjoyed exceedingly. Young James + Whitcomb, who had been very quiet during the evening, though very + attentive to his mother and father, now asked the minister if he thought + it right for him to keep from his parents anything pertaining to himself + which might distress them in his absence. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Lowe replied that he thought they should know all. All turned and + looked at each other with surprise. The young man was silent for a moment, + and his great blue eyes filled with tears. He said: + </p> + <p> + "'I have never heretofore kept anything from my mother, father or sister, + and I am now fully determined to tell them all about myself.' + </p> + <p> + "We enjoyed our dinner, however, and joked Henry by telling him that + Seraine would have to look after him, as she had been doing all through + the war up to this time. + </p> + <p> + "Here Aunt Martha had to come in; we could not stop her. She said: + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, sah; dat gal takes kear of Marsa Henry. If it not done been for her + he done starved to deff, he would. Dem Sesh, dey be affer dis fambly. Dey + done kill mos' all, and am still affer you. I tells you, dey am; I knows + dem, I do. Marsa Henry, you mus' stay home wid de folks, you mus'.' + </p> + <p> + "At this my wife became much distressed. I told Aunt Martha to stop, which + she did. Aunt Sarah then referred to Peter, saying that her dreams were + now entirely about him, and that she was sorely troubled on his account. + Ham stood near by, listening, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'No mistake, Marsa Peter all right. I see him las' night in my head glass + when I's sleep. He all right, sho'.' + </p> + <p> + "By this time we had finished dinner, or tea, and were returning to the + sitting room, when James Whitcomb took his parents out on the veranda and + told them all about his trouble, the kindness of our family, Mary + Anderson's trip to see the President, his clemency, etc.; his present + situation, and how he obtained his position. We thought that this was a + mistake, but he felt relieved, and his parents and sister, after they were + satisfied of his having done no wrong intentionally, felt that it was the + best for them to know it. We had intended it should be kept from them, but + it was now no longer a secret in my family, and it was perhaps best that + his father and mother should know all. + </p> + <p> + "The next day Mr. and Mrs. Whitcomb thought that they must return home. + Mr. Whitcomb said to Henry and Seraine that they must come as soon as they + could do so to their house and make it their home, as he and his wife + being alone at such a time it was very hard, and made them discontented. + They thanked all of us for our watchfulness over their only son, and it + seemed that they could not thank the General and his wife sufficiently for + what they had done for him. They bade us all good-by and separated from + Henry and Seraine with many regrets. + </p> + <p> + "After they had gone Jackson entertained us by a recital of his visit to + Europe, and, in addition to what he had written me, he gave us all he had + seen and heard. His recital of the burning of the Will-o'-the Wisp was + quite graphic, and excited Henry and the General very much. No one except + those who were in the secret knew what she had on board, nor the + importance to the Confederacy of the men that were lost with her. The + language used by Gen. Anderson against such fiendishness as Jackson's + statement disclosed I will not attempt to repeat. It was strong and + denunciatory, such only as men like himself, versed in letters, could + employ. + </p> + <p> + "I requested Jackson to make me a detailed report from the day he left my + house up to the date of his return, which he did. I retained a copy of his + report, and still have it. We did not call on Henry for his report that + day, but on the next told Henry that if he could leave Seraine long enough + (you know how young people are), we would like him to tell us what he + learned in Canada. I really did not suppose that he could tell us a very + great deal of interest, as I presumed he had spent much of his time in + Detroit, as there was an attraction for him in that place which would + naturally draw him thither. He said, however, that he was ready to tell us + all that he had discovered in reference to the conspiracy; that when he + went to Canada he formed the acquaintance of a Mr. Samuel Wintergreen, and + soon they became great friends, as he satisfied Winter-green that he was + ready to carry out any plan to aid the Confederacy. The passwords, signs + and grips of the Golden Circle seemed to be all that any one needed in + order to be at once recognized as a friend to those people. In Canada the + people, almost without exception, were in sympathy with the rebellion. + After traveling for quite a while he came back to Windsor, and there again + met his friend Wintergreen. Remaining there for some time and talking with + many persons without any material results, Wintergreen invited Henry to + accompany him to Toronto, and finding nothing of importance there, they + left for Montreal On arriving at Montreal they found Jacob Thomlinson, C. + C. Carey, and many other distinguished men. Wintergreen met Jacob + Thomlinson, and reported to him that his friend of whom he had written was + with him. Thomlinson asked him to come to his rooms, and to bring his + friend Davis. That evening they visited Mr. Thomlinson, and found Mr. + Carey and two other gentlemen—a Mr. Landers and Ben Wudd. Henry was + presented as Henry Davis, one of the agents under Mr. Wintergreen who was + to assist (as it was then understood) in carrying out such plans as might + be agreed upon in the interest of the rebel or Confederate Government. + </p> + <p> + "They remained together till a late hour discussing various points. One of + the topics was the great loss the Confederacy had sustained in the burning + of the Will-o'-the-Wisp, in the material, and by the death of Prof. + McCul-lough and Dr. Mears, as they alone held the secret of manufacturing + the wonderful explosive. Thomlinson and Carey insisted that there should + be no let-up, and that they must now resort to other means, in which the + other gentlemen agreed. It was thought best to try releasing prisoners and + arming them and such others as would join them, and make portions of the + North a desolate waste, as they said was now being done in the South by + the Union army. Thomlinson said in reference to releasing prisoners that + he intended in a very short time to make preparations in Illinois for an + attack on Camp Douglas, near Chicago. + </p> + <p> + "'I think,' said he, 'that will result in the burning of the city. It is + one of the worst places in the North. The influence of Lincoln over the + people there is very great, and extremely bad for us, and that city must + be destroyed by some means. If the Will-o'-the Wisp had not been lost, + Chicago would now be in ashes.' + </p> + <p> + "After some further discussion on this subject, all went their way for the + night, with an understanding that there would be a meeting of delegates + from the Northern States, called by Jacob Thomlinson, to assemble at St. + Catharines in one month from that time, where many matters of interest + would be discussed and considered. Henry and Winter-green then returned to + Windsor with the understanding that they would attend the meeting at St. + Catharines. At Windsor, Henry and Jackson met, and that which followed + their meeting I have already stated. What Henry ascertained in Canada was + only important in this, that it had opened the way for discovering that + which was important to know, which probably would occur afterwards. I + requested Henry to do as Jackson was doing,—to write out his + statement in full. After both were prepared, I sent Henry with them to the + President. He thought it a little hard to be sent so summarily away from + his bride. The President received Henry with great kindness, and told him + to inform me that the whole matter had been more skillfully and + successfully managed than anything in this line since the war began. He + also said, that he and the Secretary of War could breathe freer since they + had learned the fate of the cargo of the Will-o'-the-Wisp, and that + McCullough and M ears had their deserts. + </p> + <p> + "The President requested Henry to continue his investigations, and + especially to attend the meeting of the leading Knights of the Golden + Circle, who were soon to meet at St. Catharines, in Canada, and send + through me, without delay, his report. The President inquired very + particularly about all our family, including Gen. Anderson and Jackson. He + also desired to know what had become of James Whitcomb and his sister. + Henry explained fully about them all, and when he mentioned that Seraine + was his wife, the President shook his hand most heartily, and told him + that he was a very fortunate man. + </p> + <p> + "When Henry returned home and had sufficient time for rest we held a + consultation, and agreed to the following plan: Henry was to start at once + with his wife for Detroit, leave her with her parents, and pass over to + Windsor, and there, in company with Wintergreen, visit all places that + Wintergreen might suggest, and then go to St. Catharines to the meeting + arranged for the delegates from the Golden Circle of the Northern States; + that when he had obtained information of any value, he was to return to + Detroit, write his report in full, give it to his wife Seraine, and she + was to come in person with it to me." + </p> + <p> + "She was a jewel," said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush; "there were but few like her." + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel continued: "Our lines of communication now being safely + established, we were all anxious for Henry's departure; therefore, Henry + and Seraine left for Detroit, leaving all of us almost heartbroken to be + forced to give them up. But the hope of seeing them very soon again + reconciled us to some extent. The two children said they loved their Aunty + Seraine so much that they did not wish her to go away any more. After they + were gone, it now being far into the Winter—in fact, Spring was + approaching—Gen. Anderson said he felt that he could again take the + field and perform his duty without endangering his health, and therefore + must make preparations for returning to his command. We tried to dissuade + him from it, but it was of no avail, so the next day he told the family + that he should leave very soon. In the conversation he said that he had + felt all the time that there was a void in his military family that could + not easily be filled. He felt the loss of Capt. Day very much, but said he + would try James Whitcomb thoroughly and had great hopes of him. Aunt + Martha was near by and heard what was said. She immediately hunted up Ham + and said: 'Marsa Gen'l is gwine off to fight dem Sesh agin, and I 'spect + he want Ham to go, too.' + </p> + <p> + "Ham said: 'Well, Marfa, maybe he not want me any more. I's not well; I's + got dem pains in de knees and de breas' and de shouldars and de stomach. + What is it dey calls dem pains?' + </p> + <p> + "'Rumatiks, you ole fool; doesn't you know nuffin'?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, Marfa, I not know nuffln'; you know I doesn't. I 'spect you better + told de Gen'l, Marfa, I's sick. I go off and die wid dem pains, den what + you do, Marfa? You be all by yerself, and don't you see dat won't do, + Marfa. No, indeed, dat won't do.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, now, Ham, I's not goin' to tell Marsa Gen'l no such way as dat. + No, sir. Ham, you jes' got to go wid de Gen'l; dat's what you do, so you + needn't be tucken sick jes' for to skeer me, kase I know you, Ham. You no + get kill. No, sah, no danger; so you jes' go, dats what you do.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Marfa, jes' as you say. If you say Ham go, he goes, dats all; but + de good Laud love you, Marfa, I's powerful sick, sho'.' + </p> + <p> + "'No you isn't; you play dat afore. I knows you, Ham; you knows I do. You + jes' stop dis rumatiks and go wid de Gen'l, dat's what you do. When did + you get sick? I not hear it afore. You not sick. Let me see you walk.' + </p> + <p> + "Old Ham hobbled off and Martha laughed at him. This nettled the old man + and he straightened up and said: 'Well, I guess I's not bery bad, but I's + not well, all de same.' + </p> + <p> + "I came up to them, and nothing more was said. + </p> + <p> + "I told Ham to go out to the farm and ask Joseph Dent to come into my + house in the morning. His sickness all left him and he did the errand. The + next morning Dent came in with Ham and we interrogated him on the question + of his friends and what they were doing. He said that two days prior to + this they had a meeting and were notified that they must change their name + to the 'Sons of Liberty'; that the object of their organization was + becoming too well known, and that they could not operate any longer under + their old name. This was being done all over the country and in Canada. He + also stated that Thos. A. Stridor had ordered them to send delegates to + Indianapolis secretly, in order to assist in appointing delegates to go to + St. Catharines, in Canada, in a few days, to consult as to the best means + to be adopted to aid their friends, as they had met with a great loss. + They had lost a ship and a valuable cargo, as well as their most important + men who were to operate in burning cities. This was so true of what had + occurred that we no longer had any doubt as to their certain communication + one with another, as well as their perfect organization. This was all they + did at that time. We excused Dent, and he returned home. + </p> + <p> + "That evening at tea my wife (Aunt Sarah) said to Jackson and the General + that she wished Peter to come home. + </p> + <p> + "'But,' said Jackson, 'mother, you must remember he has been promoted, and + is now a Brigadier-General commanding a brigade, and he cannot very well + get away. He might lose his command by leaving.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said his mother, 'I want to see him. I am dreaming about him + whenever asleep, and I feel there is something sure to happen to him. I + have seen all the rest of you who are alive, and I want to see him.' + </p> + <p> + "Here Jennie broke down and cried, remembering the death of her poor + husband when mention was made of all being present who were then alive. + Jackson spoke to Jennie and his mother and quieted them. We all repaired + to the sitting-room and talked over Gen. Anderson's returning to his + command. This was Saturday evening. So he instructed Capt. Jackson and + Lieut. Whitcomb to be ready on Monday morning, as they would then leave + for Chatteraugus. They were well pleased with the General's determination. + His poor wife was depressed, and said she felt as though he had made so + many narrow escapes that perhaps he might not escape again. But grief and + sorrow had been such constant visitors at our house that we were all + prepared for almost anything, and always looking for the worst. We enjoyed + ourselves, however, as best we could until Monday. Jackson took in the + situation, and kept us interested by giving accounts of many things seen + and heard by him in England. This was very interesting to us, but more + especially to the ladies and little girls. + </p> + <p> + "On Monday they left for their command. The parting with the family was + one of those affecting scenes natural under the circumstances. When poor + old Ham bade good-by to all, after kissing Aunt Martha, his wife, he + turned to my wife and Mary Anderson, and said: 'You need not to cry no + mo.' I be 'sponsible for de General and Capt. Jackson.' + </p> + <p> + "This was too much for Mary Anderson. Although weeping, she could not + restrain a smile, nor could the others; but Ham was in good faith, poor + old man. + </p> + <p> + "After they had gone I felt keenly, and drove out to the farm, and there + spent the rest of the day with Joseph Dent. He, however, knew nothing more + than he had disclosed to us, about which I have already spoken. On + returning in the evening I found all the family very lonely and solemn. + They felt the loss of that portion of our family who were compelled to + leave. Our little children climbed upon my knees and talked and chattered + about their Uncle Henry and Aunty Seraine, as well as the General and + Jackson, but 'Aunty Seraine' seemed to be the favorite. I did the best I + could to gratify them by trying to answer their questions. Some two weeks + had passed in this way when one morning I was notified to meet Seraine at + the depot. I did so and brought her to the house. When the very hearty and + affectionate greetings were over, and the two poor little girls had gotten + through climbing on Seraine and asking her questions, which she did the + best she could to answer, she gave me a paper which was Henry's report, + accompanied by a good letter from him, stating that he would come soon + himself. This was not signed. + </p> + <p> + "I carefully examined his report, and was almost dumfounded at some of his + statements; but he had gone into such minute details and given such + indubitable proofs that no one could for a moment doubt. Henry said that + on his arrival again at Windsor he met Wintergreen, and after + preliminaries were arranged they traveled about the country from one town + to another, until the time had arrived for the assembling of the prominent + friends of the rebellion at St. Catharines in accordance with Jacob + Thomlinson's request. They started for that place, and on arriving stopped + at the Victoria Hotel, where they met a great number of persons, strangers + to both, but well known in the Circle. Henry, on recovering from his + prison starving and sickness, had grown quite stout, and was so different + in his appearance from what he had ever been prior to his recovery that + his own acquaintances would not have recognized him, therefore he did not + feel that he was in any danger of being detected. He had heretofore + claimed to Wintergreen that he was from Parkersburg, W. Va., and having + been raised near there in Ohio could speak quite understandingly of the + country thereabouts, as well as about a number of people. + </p> + <p> + "On Wednesday, being the day fixed, quite a number of men from different + parts of the country assembled. Quite a large room in the rear of the + Victoria Hotel had been procured, in which the gentlemen were to meet, and + Wintergreen, having been designated by Jacob Thomlinson for that purpose, + notified the various delegates of the time and place of meeting. When all + were assembled each one was required to give the signs, grips and + passwords of the Golden Circle, or the 'Sons of Liberty,' as the name had + been changed within a few days from the Knights of the Golden Circle to + the Sons of Liberty. Henry did not find the slightest difficulty in being + recognized, as he had perfected himself in all the signs, grips and + passwords of the order in his travels with Wintergreen. + </p> + <p> + "After Jacob Thomlinson, Mr. Carey and their committee were satisfied as + to those present, they were called to order and seated in as regular a + manner as would have been done in any deliberative body, by Mr. Valamburg, + of Ohio, who, in taking the chair, said that as Grand Commander of all the + Sons of Liberty in the United States, Canada and the Southern Confederacy + he desired to occupy the time of the delegates for a few moments, in order + that he might explain the object for which they had met. The assembling at + that place, he said, was in order to be without the jurisdiction of the + United States; that while together and out of the way of danger they were + to deliberate in reference to matters that were best calculated to + effectively aid the Southern people, who were struggling for an + independent constitutional government; that the Government of the United + States had become intolerable in its oppressions and tyranny. He made a + long speech, presenting a list of abuses by our Government against the + Southern people, and urged the necessity for aid to the South at once, in + some way that would be most potent. When he took his seat he was loudly + applauded by all his hearers. In this meeting were B. Wudd and McMasterson + from New York, Mr. Woodsen and Mr. Moore from Pennsylvania, Valamburg and + Massey from Ohio, Dan Bowen and Dorsey (who was a substitute for Thos. A. + Strider) from Indiana, N. Judy Cornington and a Mr. Eagle from Illinois + (both from Chicago). Other States were represented—Missouri, + Kentucky, Iowa, Wisconsin, Maine and Massachusetts; but Henry did not give + the names of the delegates from those States. + </p> + <p> + "Many propositions were discussed. Jacob Thomlinson gave the full details + of what Prof. McCullough and Dr. Mears were preparing to do; their loss by + the burning of the Will-o'-the Wisp; also, Dr. Blackman's proposition and + the loss of his goods, and he now wanted to see what could be devised as + substitutes. All of the representatives present seemed to deeply deplore + the loss to the Confederacy of the secret only known to the men who went + down with the Will-o'-the Wisp. + </p> + <p> + "Jacob Thomlinson explained that he had been instructed by the authorities + at Richmond to lay several matters before this or any meeting they might + have of representative men from the North. It was desirable to have these + matters fully understood, so that the friends of the South in their + meetings could commit all who were willing to aid the South in carrying + out the various propositions. First, he would lay the message of President + Davis on only one important subject before this meeting. It was dated + January 13, 1863, and was in reference to the Proclamation of Emancipation + by Mr. Lincoln. Thomlinson said: + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Davis claims that "by it the negroes are encouraged to general + assassination of their masters by the insidious recommendation to abstain + from violence unless in necessary self-defense. Although our own + detestation of those who have attempted the most execrable measures + recorded in the history of guilty man is tempered by profound contempt for + the impotent rage which it discloses so far as regards the action of this + Government on such criminals as may attempt its execution, I confine + myself to informing you that I shall, unless in your wisdom you deem some + other course more expedient, deliver to the several States' authorities + all commissioned officers of the United States who may hereafter be + captured by our forces in any of the States embraced in the proclamation, + that they may deal with them in accordance with the laws of those States + providing for the punishment of those criminals engaged in inciting + servile insurrection."' + </p> + <p> + "At the conclusion of the reading of this extract loud cheers went up for + Jeff Davis. Jacob Thomlinson continued reading: + </p> + <p> + "'On the first day of May last the Confederate Congress passed a series of + resolutions. The fourth resolution declares that every white person, being + a commissioned officer, or acting as such, who during the present war + shall command negroes or mulattoes in arms against the Confederate States, + shall be deemed as inciting servile insurrection, and shall, if captured, + be put to death. The seventh resolution declares that all negroes and + mulattoes who shall engage in war, or shall be taken in arms against the + Confederate States, or shall give aid or comfort to the United States, + shall, when captured in the Confederate States, be delivered to the + authorities of the State or States in which they shall be captured, to be + dealt with according to the present or future laws of such States.' + </p> + <p> + "After reading the message and resolutions, he said that in order to + understand the full scope of both, it would be proper for him to state + that the laws of all the Southern States for the crime of inciting servile + insurrection fixed the penalty of death, so that the meaning of the whole + proposition is, that any white man commanding negroes or mulattoes, who + shall be captured, shall suffer death, and it will be the same when + negroes or mulattoes are captured in arms against the Confederacy. With + this explanation he submitted these documents, which were all printed and + distributed in confidence, and in this way Henry was enabled to give the + whole proceedings. Mr. Valamburg decided that the proposition might be + debated, and on this being so determined, Dan Bowen, of Indiana, arose and + made a most inflammatory speech. He said he was born in Virginia, and + would stand by her in her trials. He was in favor of Jeff Davis's message, + and not only so, but would favor the hanging of any white man who would + lead negroes against his Southern friends, and would sustain them in any + measure of punishment that they might adopt in such cases. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Eagle, of Illinois, made quite a speech on the same line. He was from + Kentucky originally, and was for the South getting their rights at any + cost. He said: 'Let blood flow like rivers, sir. Yes, sir; let fire rain + upon Northern cities, and let the destruction of property become general, + if necessary to produce the desired result. You must make the Northern + people feel poverty, sir, if you wish to succeed. They care more for their + property than for their lives. You must touch their pockets and then you + touch their hearts. They are a fast-going people. I would just as lief as + not they would know after the war is over, if it ever is, that I was in + this meeting. No matter how the war may terminate, they will forget it all + in a month, especially if times are good and money shall be plenty.' + </p> + <p> + "This caused a great laugh, and the speaking ended. The question was taken + and decided unanimously in favor of the proposition. None but delegates + were allowed to vote. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Carey then presented his views, which were that their Northern + friends must encourage raids and guerrilla warfare in their own States, + and that they must commence it themselves. Burning must be resorted to + when it could be done. He said that it had been so managed at Camp Chase + in Ohio, by their friend, the Grand Commander of the Sons of Liberty, that + a great many very excellent Confederate officers had made their escape, + and were ready at any time to take command of men whenever their friends + were ready, and that those officers were brave and fearless men ready to + undertake any kind of enterprise or daring exploit. He did not look for + any more foolish expeditions like the one made by Gen. Morganson. That it + was not successful is easily understood. The Southern people were in too + great haste in trying raids by large bodies of men where there were no + lines of escape or retreat." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Col. Bush; "they counted their chickens before they were + hatched." + </p> + <p> + "I think they were stale eggs," said Capt. Inglesby. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Carey said," continued Uncle Daniel, 'We have now entered upon a + system of small raids and destruction of property, so as to be very + effective. And although we fear that we cannot repair our loss in the kind + of material we had secured and had on board of the Will-o'-the-Wisp, yet + we may, by good management, in some degree compensate for it, and, in + order that you may understand how we propose to operate, I will read to + you the order of the Secretary of War of the Confederate States to one J. + C. S. Blackman, the brother of Dr. Blackman, whose poisoned goods were + lost on the Will-o'-the-Wisp. The order is dated Richmond, 1863, and + signed J. A. Seddon, Secretary of War, C. S. A., authorizing Blackman to + enlist a company of men, not to exceed fifty in number, for special + service on the Mississippi River. In lieu of pay or other compensation + they are to receive such percentage of the value of all property of the + United States or loyal people destroyed by them as may be awarded by an + officer selected by the Department in charge of such duty, but in no case + to exceed fifty per centum of the value.' + </p> + <p> + "Carey said that under this order it was understood as soon as Blackman + should enlist twenty-five men for this purpose he was to receive a + commission in the provisional army without pay. This commission was for + his protection in case he should be captured. Said he: + </p> + <p> + "'We are now issuing quite a number of these commissions, and much good + has already resulted. Blackman has destroyed a great quantity of property + on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. A man by the name of J. G. Beall, who + holds a like commission, has destroyed a great amount of supplies and + other property on the Chesapeake. He is near here now, has a vessel, and + is recruiting men for the Sons of Liberty in New York city, with a view of + running over to St. Albans, in Vermont, and is not only to destroy + property, but is to terrify those rich old Vermont Yanks out of their + wits. It is by such means that we must alarm the Northern property-holders + into peace measures and into voting the anti-war ticket. This is the only + sure way to success, in my opinion.' + </p> + <p> + "They all laughed and agreed that a St. Alban's raid would be a splendid + thing, as the old Yankees would do anything to save their money and + property. Mr. Carey continued: + </p> + <p> + "'I think Mr. Beall is known to Mr. Wudd and Mr. McMasterson.' + </p> + <p> + "They both replied that they knew him well, and he could be relied upon to + do whatever he should undertake. + </p> + <p> + "'Now,' said Mr. Carey, 'the prisoners at Camp Douglas, near Chicago, + Ill., and at Camp Chase, in Ohio, must be released. Mr. Thomlinson has the + money to pay all expenses. Cannot you men in the Northern States assist in + this? Can you not get up organizations such as Blackman and Beall have + done? The Richmond authorities will pay the same percentage for the + destruction of all property necessary for the use of the army, as they do + Blackman and Beall. Why, gentlemen, crops enough might be destroyed in one + night by a simultaneous move to very badly embarrass the prosecution of + the war.' + </p> + <p> + "A man by the name of Burnett H. Yonkers, who was present, said he would + undertake to release the Camp Douglas prisoners if the gentlemen here from + Chicago would render their assistance, to which the gentlemen replied that + they would give any aid in their power; that already there had been arms + sufficient for this purpose secured by Thomlinson and placed in the hands + of a friend in Chicago by the name of Wall; that if Mr. Yonkers should go + to Chicago on that business he should stop at the Richmond House and + inquire for Mr. John Wall, Mr. Morris Buckner, or either of the gentlemen + present; that any of the clerks of the Richmond House would know where to + send for either of the persons mentioned. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Walters, of Arkansas, being present, (the same that Gen. Anderson met + in Colestown, Ill.,) and being one of the chief Organizers, was asked in + reference to the condition of the Sons of Liberty. He said he had been + traveling for more than a year in the Northern States. He had never been + molested, nor had he been questioned as to his business. He had organized + thousands of Lodges and found the friends—that is to say, the common + people, who connected themselves with the order—ready and willing to + act at any time, and willing to do anything that was required. The only + trouble he found was in the cowardice of the leaders. To illustrate what + he meant, he said: 'I came from Indianapolis here. Thos. A. Stridor + promised me faithfully that he would be here, but you do not see him. He + is the one man of all others in the West who is expected to advise and + suggest.' + </p> + <p> + "Dan Bowen here interrupted, saying: 'Strider has been at work. He has + been in Washington, and has sown seeds of dissension in the army; has + created jealousies between the Eastern and Western commanders, and + produced much trouble on account of the Emancipation Proclamation.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Col. Walters, 'that I believe to be true; but why is he not + here? I see he sends a substitute; is he afraid? Mr. Eagle was correct + when he said the people of the North will forget all about the war in a + month, if you will only give them a chance to make money. I can go into + any city and proclaim myself in sympathy with the rebellion, and no one + will molest me. If we should fail, and our cause go down, it would not be + one year before Jeff Davis would be invited to attend agricultural shows + North, so as to draw a crowd and increase the gate money.' This caused + great laughter. 'I want now to ask my friend Bowen why his friend Thos. A. + Strider is not here.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said Bowen, 'I cannot say. I had hoped that he would be here, but + I find he is not.' + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Eagle, who seemed to be rather sarcastic, said he understood Strider + was compelled to stay at home on account of a cow case in which he was + employed. They laughed at this, and then proceeded to business. The + propositions and suggestions were all indorsed, and many promises made on + the part of each one present as to the part he would take in the matter + when he returned home. + </p> + <p> + "Jacob Thomlinson said to Mr. Yonkers that he wished him to remain a day + or so longer, as he desired to confer with him about the prisoners at + Chicago. He then made quite an address to those present, saying the + success of the Confederacy depended largely upon their friends in the + North; that if the war continued two or three years longer the supply of + men and money would fail. All their available men were in the army, and + there was now nowhere whence they could draw recruits. Their friends in + the North must wake up and help. They had friends enough in the North to + make the Confederacy a success in six months, if they would only come up + to the work manfully. "'Let our friends do as our friend Carey suggests, + get up raids, organize companies for spoils; this is seductive and + calculated to gather in young men. We will release our men who are now + prisoners and turn them loose full of fiendish revenge, and alarm our + enemies into peace measures. You who are our friends in the North must go + home determined to carry the next election. This is important. If we can + defeat Lincoln at the next Presidential election we are safe. The + watchword must be that the war has been a failure; that the North cannot + subdue the South; that foreign countries are ready to recognize the + Confederacy, which will involve the United States in other wars; that the + people are being taxed unmercifully; that the war should stop and the + unbearable taxation cease. Your next Democratic platform should start out + with the proposition that the war has been prosecuted only for the freedom + of the negroes, and not for the Union, and that their freedom can only be + maintained by the Union armies being entirely successful, and that during + years of horrible, bloody war the Government has failed to conquer the + rebellion and must continue to fail. Do this, and stand by it with a good + candidate, and you must succeed. I would suggest that you take your + "Little Napoleon," General Mac, for your candidate. He is exceedingly + popular with the soldiers of the East, and with the people also, as I am + told. The sympathy will be with him, having been relieved from the command + of the Eastern armies because he could not whip us, which was no fault of + his, as none of their commanders will succeed in doing that on our own + ground. We were foolish to undertake an invasion of the North. But no + matter, we will soon make up for this. If you will take up Little Mac + there will be no trouble in your giving him the nomination, and then one + united effort on the part of our party will send him into the White House. + If he can be elected that will end the war, as he is a peace man and a + Democrat. We would then have another advantage. Many of the officers of + the Union army of the East do not believe in our subjugation, and are + bitterly opposed to the Emancipation Proclamation. Some of them have large + commands. For instance, there is Gen. Farlan, who is a friend of mine of + long standing; he is violently opposed to the Lincoln administration, and + would at once favor a cessation of hostilities. So also is Gen. Smite and + General Cross, both leading Generals. I may also mention Gen. Fitzgibbon. + He has been ready for some time to stop the war, because he is thoroughly + satisfied that we have been wronged and oppressed. He is in favor of + putting Little Mac in as President. He would be ready for peace on our + terms, which would be to withdraw the Union forces and let us alone. We + have been robbed of our property, but should we gain our independence we + care nothing for this, as we would reclaim our slaves, such as have not + been stolen by the Abolition army. This, gentlemen, is what we desire and + expect you to aid us in securing. If these things all fail us we will, in + our desperation, make the homes of many of your Northern men miserable and + desolate.' + </p> + <p> + "When he was through with his suggestions they all cheered him, and each + one, by short speeches, pledged a faithful adherence to the Confederacy. + When they adjourned it was to meet again at some place in Canada to be + named by Jacob Thomlinson, and the representatives to be notified by Mr. + Valamburg. They separated with three cheers for the Confederacy." + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams said: "I am desirous of knowing if Jacob Thomlinson and Mr. + Carey are the same persons whom your son Jackson met in London?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes; they are the same men who were engaged in procuring explosives and + poisoned clothes, of which I have heretofore given you a full account." + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush asked if this man Blackman, who took out a commission in order + to depredate and plunder, is still living? + </p> + <p> + "Yes, he is not only living, but is now holding one of the highest + positions in the United States, as a Reformer." + </p> + <p> + "What?" said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, sir, as I once before have stated, his brother, who was to + distribute poisoned clothing to our soldiers and in our hospitals, was + made Governor of one of the adjacent States, and this marauder has been + given one of the highest and most honorable positions. But why? You look + surprised, Doctor. Has this not been so ever since the war? The most + desperate and reckless men have been given the highest places by the + opponents of the war, while our people, many of them, are only too glad to + find something against one of our good soldiers as an excuse for laying + him aside as useless furniture." + </p> + <p> + Said Maj. Clymer: "Valamburg is dead, I believe." + </p> + <p> + "Yes; he shot himself accidentally soon after the war, and died of his + wound." + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel proceeded by saying: "I made my arrangements to leave for + Washington at once, in order to have this information in the hands of the + President as soon as possible. I requested Seraine to remain with the rest + of the family until I should return, as I might wish to send some word to + Henry. When I arrived at Washington and called upon the President I told + him the reason I had not visited him recently, and why I had sent my son + with the last report. Our afflictions had been severe and my wife was in + such a condition, both in mind and body, that I really feared to leave + her, except under very extraordinary circumstances. The President was very + glad to see me and very grateful for what my sons were trying to do for + our country He asked after the health of my family, Gen. Anderson, and all + of whom he knew as in any way a part of us, and the poor man seemed almost + as much grieved over our misfortunes as myself. He seemed to be full of + hope, however, and spoke to me very freely about the war and our chances + of final success. + </p> + <p> + "He strode across the room and, turning to me, said: 'We are now on the + right road, I think. I have rid myself of some of those Generals that we + spoke about when we last met, and I intend to be rid of them for the + remainder of the war. If they want dictators, and will not obey the + President, they will have to organize outside of the army. I have now a + new commander for the Army of the East who seems to be doing well. I hope + he may continue as he began. He won the battle of Gotlenburg and broke the + rebel army to pieces. 'I think,' said he, 'that Gen. Meador should have + followed up his victory; but perhaps not. If he should not exactly fill + the bill my eye is on a Western man who seems to know what he is about, + and I think of bringing him East and giving him control of all the armies; + but I will determine this later.' + </p> + <p> + "I then gave him the statement made to me by Henry. He read it over + carefully, and in an excited manner ordered a messenger to go for the + Secretary of War. He soon arrived, and after greetings the President + handed the statement to the Secretary. He also read it carefully. They + then discussed the matter, and concluded to order an additional force to + Camp Chase, relieve the commandant, and place a more careful and efficient + officer in his place. This was done by telegraph, with a warning to the + new commander to look out for an attempt to release the prisoners. + </p> + <p> + "The Secretary said to the President: 'The rebels are desperate, and since + they lost their shipload of explosives and poisoned clothes, with their + two friends who were to carry out their plans, they are determined to + attempt something else equally desperate, and we must look for raids, fire + and plunder. By the way,' said the Secretary to me, 'that was rather a + nice thing your son Jackson did in finding out all their schemes in + London. Had it not been for his discovery we never would have known the + desperation and infamy to which those men were driven.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the President. 'Mr. Lyon, is he your eldest son now in the + army?' + </p> + <p> + "'I have but two left in the army—Jackson and Peter. The latter you + promoted for gallantry at Middleton Ridge. Jackson is now my oldest son in + the service.' + </p> + <p> + "'Mr. Secretary,' said the President, 'you will make out a commission for + him as Brigadier-General, and give it to Mr. Lyon to take home with him as + an evidence that we appreciate the services of his family, and especially + Jackson's great service in this most important matter.' + </p> + <p> + "I was visibly affected. The President saw it as he stood by a window for + a moment. I arose and thanked him. He said: + </p> + <p> + "'No, the obligation is the other way.' + </p> + <p> + "Just then a dispatch was handed the President, stating that quite a + number of prisoners had escaped from Camp Chase. He gave it to the + Secretary, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'I guess we were a little late in removing the commander of Camp Chase; + it ought to have been done sooner. Mr. Lyon,' said the President to me, + 'we will have to watch those fellows. They are doubtless up to some game.' + </p> + <p> + "He asked me to keep Henry in Canada if I thought he could do good by + staying there. I promised him to do so, and after getting Jackson's + commission and bidding the President good-by I left for home, feeling + gratified at the recognition given me. Arriving at home, I found my wife + better, and when she found that Jackson had a commission as + Brigadier-General she seemed so happy that we felt that she would entirely + recover. + </p> + <p> + "I placed Jackson's commission in an envelope with a letter explaining how + the President came to promote him. When the boy returned from the + post-office he brought me a morning paper containing an account of Beall's + raid on St. Albans, Vt.; how he had sacked the town, robbed the banks and + alarmed the people. I said to Seraine, 'There it is! They have carried out + the first part of their program, and we will soon hear of trouble in all + the prison camps. I regard this as the beginning of desperate work.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Seraine; 'Henry was very sure that they were desperately in + earnest; but I thought, perhaps, the warning we had given to the President + might save any further disaster in that direction.' + </p> + <p> + "Seraine remained about a week longer, and then left for Detroit. I sent a + letter to Henry, directing him to remain in Canada as long as necessary to + find out when, where and how they were to move and operate. My poor wife + was soon taken ill again, and was quite feeble and almost helpless for + some weeks. Aunt Martha was constantly by her bedside, waiting on her, as + well as trying to entertain her with her curious interpretations of dreams + and her experience while in slavery. My friends, this did not last a great + while. More sorrows soon came to us." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0017" id="link2HCH0017"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + MOBS IN THE NORTH.—LAWLESS VIOLENCE AND OUTRAGE BY REBEL + SYMPATHIZERS.—THE CLASH OF ARMS.—BATTLE OF THE CHAPARRAL + BETWEEN GEN. SILENT AND GEN. LAWS. + + "One day thou wilt be blest, + So still obey the guiding hand that fends + Thee safely through these wonders for sweet ends." + —Keats. +</pre> + <p> + "After the battle of Middleton's Ridge some rest for Papson's troops was + indispensable. As soon, how-ever, as it could be done consistently with + the condition of things, Gen. Silent issued orders from his headquarters, + then at Nashua, to Papson and Sherwood for a disposition of the troops to + be made so as to protect the lines of communication between Louis City, + Nashua and Chatteraugus north, and from Chatteraugus to Bridgeton, + Huntersville and De Kalb west. This distribution was speedily made. The + enemy was in no condition for serious offensive movements, and contented + himself during the Winter with a continuous harassing of our troops + whenever found in squads or small commands not sufficiently strong to make + effective resistance. + </p> + <p> + "Near Huntersville a man by the name of John Cotton, with somewhere + between fifty and one hundred men, was constantly raiding small corrals + where only a few guards were left to watch them. His business seemed to be + to steal mules and wagons, being one of the parties operating under a + contract to plunder for fifty per cent, of the property so taken. He had + the same authority and character of commission from the authorities at + Richmond as Blackman and Beall, of whom I have heretofore spoken. During + the Winter this man crossed the Little Combination River near Painter's + Rock, and made a raid on Gen. Chas. Ward's corrals. Ward had been notified + of the intention of John Cotton by a Union man named Harris, who resided + near Huntersville. Gen. Ward had a company of infantry under cover near + the corral, and about midnight Cotton made his appearance. The men who + were watching for him remained quiet until he was near the corral, and + then fired a volley into his raiders, killing three and wounding ten. They + then rushed at Cotton, and he, with nine of his men, were taken prisoners. + The wounded were cared for and the dead buried. The next day Gen. Ward + organized a drumhead court-martial and tried those captured who were not + wounded. The nine men claimed to have been forced into the service by + Cotton, and were sent to Nashua and put to work, under sentence. John + Cotton was treated differently. He was not troublesome again during the + time that our troops remained at Painter's Rock. The understanding South + and North among the friends of the rebellion was that raids were again to + commence whenever they could be made at all advantageous to our enemies. + </p> + <p> + "The Knights of the Golden Circle, or 'Sons of Liberty,' began to be open + and bold in their utterances and their villainous work. In New York they + aroused their friends and got up mobs of such magnitude that they could + only be suppressed by withdrawing troops from the field to operate against + them. The recruiting offices were mobbed, offices and papers burned, and + the officers brutally beaten; houses were set on fire in great numbers and + destroyed. Many large stores were broken open and plundered by the mob. + All helped themselves to dry goods, clothing, jewelry, watches, and + whatever they discovered. Innocent men were brutally murdered in the + streets. Women were driven from their houses and insulted in every + possible way. Hospitals and asylums for orphans were plundered and burned, + and the poor, helpless inmates driven into the streets. Children were + clubbed and brained by brutes for no other reason than that they were + colored. Wounded and sick soldiers were thrown on the sidewalks and left + without aid or assistance of any kind. Poor negro men were taken from + hacks and wagons and hanged to lampposts. In one instance a poor man was + cut into halves as if he were a slaughtered beast. Men were sent from + Canada, employed by Thomlinson and his co-conspirators, to come to New + York and aid in this inhuman butchery." + </p> + <p> + "My God! What brutality and inhuman cruelty! It does seem impossible that + such things could have transpired in a civilized community!" said Dr. + Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes," continued Uncle Daniel, "it would really seem so. Yet these things + did not only take place, but were carried on here in the North by the + anti-war party, and were well known by all who were old enough at the time + to understand matters; but they are now forgotten. Why, sir, mob violence + was resorted to in many places. Inflammatory speeches were made in every + community where they would be tolerated. Our people were alarmed + everywhere in the North, and were preparing for great trouble at home in + the absence of the army. Indiana was stirred up to white heat. Many + outrages were perpetrated on the State soldiers who returned home on a + furlough, and in many instances they were murdered. One old man by the + name of Banty, who had two sons in an Illinois regiment—they being + residents of that State at the outbreak of the rebellion—was tied to + a tree in the woods some distance from home, and remained in this + condition till rescued by his wife. It became so intolerable that troops + were held at Indianapolis for protection to the city and country. The + Governor, as well as other citizens, were threatened: + </p> + <p> + "In Ohio the same condition of things existed. Camp Chase was about to be + attacked. Troops had, of necessity, to be sent for the safe keeping of the + prisoners. + </p> + <p> + "At Coleston, Ill., the Knights of the Golden Circle attacked a squad of + Union soldiers, who had just returned home from the army on furlough, and + killed seven of them. In one county further south in Illinois, the name of + which I have forgotten, there were quite a number of soldiers killed in + secret. A man by the name of Geo. Akers, who had once been Sheriff of the + County, but at the time of which I am speaking was the Head Center of the + Golden Circle in that part of the country, was so strongly suspected of + having soldiers quietly 'put out of the way,' that a search of his + premises was made by a Provost Marshal, and in his mill, which was on his + place, were found many suits of Union soldiers' uniforms, evidently taken + from dead bodies. He was put in prison, but was aided to escape by his + brother conspirators. In the same County a soldier by the name of Stacks, + while home on a furlough, was called to his own door in the night and shot + by one Honeycliff. I give these instances merely to have you understand + the feeling and determination of the men in the North who sympathized with + the rebellion, to aid it in all ways and by any means, no matter how foul + or vile." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel," said Col. Bush, "I know about Akers and the cases you + mention in Illinois, as I was sent there at that time with a battalion to + look after those fellows, and you do not tell one-half the trouble there + was in that part of the country." + </p> + <p> + "No, I presume not; I only remember these facts in regard to matters in + that State that fastened themselves irrevocably upon my mind." + </p> + <p> + Said Dr. Adams: "It seems incredible that such things could have happened + in the North, where the same men now claim to have been loyal then." + </p> + <p> + "But, Doctor," said Col. Bush, "all these things did occur, though they + are now forgotten by many, and our young people, who know very little + about the war, except such things as they may gather from imperfect and + distorted histories, doubt the truthfulness of these facts, being unable + to understand why traitors should go unpunished. Why, Doctor, many of the + men who were harassing and alarming the people then as Knights of the + Golden Circle, are now the leading men in the communities where they were + then the most offensive to Union people and disloyal to their Government. + They have so managed as to be at the front politically, and if affairs + continue as they are now, and seem tending, very soon the same men will + claim that they put down the rebellion. They have already deceived many by + their self-assertion. You see, Doctor, the policy of not allowing + ourselves to speak of the war nor any of its concomitants, leaves the + young people in ignorance of what we suffered during its existence." + </p> + <p> + "That is true, I am sorry to say," replied Dr. Adams; "but we who do know + all about it should teach the present and coming generations these very + important facts. The difficulty is, however, that when you undertake it + many people insist that they wish to forget all about it, and that they do + not want their children to know anything of its horrors. But, Uncle + Daniel, please continue what you were telling us." + </p> + <p> + "The Richmond authorities," said Uncle Daniel, "had detached a portion of + Biggs's command under Gen. Brice, some 20,000 strong, and sent them into + Missouri, where they had made the homes of many Union people desolate, and + spread terror throughout that State and a portion of Kansas. Brice had + organized bands of marauders and bushwhackers, as they were termed, in the + same way and under the same character of agreements as made with Blackman + and others. Quartel's and Stringfinder's bands were the most destructive + to life and property, murdering Union men as they moved, and making the + country a desolate waste through which they passed. The smoke rising from + houses, barns, etc., could be seen in every direction. It could well have + been termed 'a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night.' + </p> + <p> + "At the same time the rebel cruisers were a terror on the high seas. The + Alabama, the Florida, and the Shenandoah were a dreaded scourge among our + merchantmen. Our commerce was being driven from the seas and passing under + the flags of other countries. + </p> + <p> + "'All these things were very discouraging to the loyal people of our + country, and at the same time greatly encouraged the rebels and their + allies and friends in the North. The demagogues of the anti-war party + traversed the whole country, haranguing the people, preaching peace and + crying high taxes, and insisting that the war had so far been a total + failure, and that it would not be any better in the future. In fact, they + were carrying out to the letter that which had been suggested by Valamburg + and his friends at St. Catharines, in Canada, at the meeting about which I + have heretofore spoken. Many of our best men had to return home from the + army for a brief period and canvass as stump orators before the people, in + order to quiet their apprehensions and fears as to the chances of our + ultimate success." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Capt. Inglesby, "I well remember the very great anxiety then + amongst our people. I returned home about the time mentioned, and the + question was constantly asked me if I thought we could ever suppress the + rebellion. All our successes during the Summer and Fall before seemed to + have had only a temporary effect upon our people. In fact, they were + easily discouraged during the whole period through which the war was + continued." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Col. Bush, that is easily accounted for. We left behind us an + element nearly or quite a majority; certainly so in many parts of our + country North, which was constantly decrying the war and the means which + were being used against the rebellion. Their constant talk in the same + direction could not help having a great influence, especially on the minds + of weak men, aud in many instances on those whose nearest and dearest + relatives were in the army taking the chances of their lives; and, as you + all well know, these pretended friends to our faces were in their hearts + wishing and praying for the success of our enemies." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, that is true; and it was strange and hard to understand at the time, + as these same people could have gained nothing by the success of the + rebellion. They lived North, and would have been equally despised by the + rebels (if they had succeeded) as a part of the Yankee Nation." + </p> + <p> + "Doubtless that would have been so, but it was not particularly the love + that they had for the rebels or their cause, but their hatred for the + party in power. They had been in power so long, that being ousted by the + voice of the people made a number of the leaders who had lost in the + political contest feel a desire to see the people who had beaten them lose + in the contest against the rebellion. They had said so many bitter things + against Mr. Lincoln and prophesied war and final separation between the + slave and free States, that they were willing to see the country destroyed + in order to be considered among the people as wise oracles and political + prophets; so that they made it their interest politically that the + rebellion should succeed. Many people were followers of these men in all + the States North. Out of this feeling grew and prospered the Knights of + the Golden Circle, or Sons of Liberty." + </p> + <p> + "Well, gentlemen," said Dr. Adams, "I agree with all you have said; but I + am growing somewhat impatient to again hear Uncle Daniel." + </p> + <p> + All were again listeners, and Uncle Daniel proceeded: + </p> + <p> + "I was speaking of the alarming condition of the country and the dangers + that were menacing peaceful citizens, as well as their property. I became + very much alarmed for the safety of the two families left in my charge. I + sent a letter to Henry to come with his wife and make my house his home + for the present. He and Seraine came at once, and were willing as well as + happy in remaining with us for a while, Seraine feeling satisfied that, as + her parents were two such quiet people, no harm could come to them. After + the excitement and confusion created by the delight in the household over + their arrival subsided, Henry took me aside and related his experience + since leaving home. + </p> + <p> + "He said that he remained quietly in Detroit for some time at his wife's + home. Then he went to Windsor, and there learned that the people of the + Confederacy were very much disheartened, but were making a desperate + effort to harass the armies of the Union, without fighting great battles, + until their armies were recuperated and filled up with new recruits; that + the plan was for their friends to confuse and excite the Northern people, + just as they were doing. He stated Jacob Thomlinson's plans just as they + were being literally carried out. After these plans were well on the way + in the direction of being fully executed, C. C. Carey left for Richmond, + and Jacob Thomlinson for London, accompanied by Mr. Wintergreen, who was + to act as his private secretary. On separating from Carey the + understanding was that they would remain away from Canada until the + political canvass for President had well advanced and until after the + nominations by both parties had been made. During their absence they were + to ascertain what new plans were being executed and what new schemes could + be put into operation during the Fall and Winter following. Henry said the + one mentioned was the only one matured, and that was being carried out. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent had now been promoted and ordered East, and Gen. Sherwood put + in command of the Center, with orders to make a campaign South, pushing + and pressing the enemy at every point possible. This movement was to and + did commence at the earliest possible moment in the Spring following. + Simultaneously with this a movement was made in the East against the + capital of the Confederacy. + </p> + <p> + "One evening, a few days prior to Gen. Silent's departure for the East in + pursuance of his orders, while walking out on the bank of the Combination + River a short distance from Nashua, as the shadows of night were quietly + gathering about him, a form seemed to stand before him, which, from its + appearance and the flowing white robes in which it was arrayed, he at once + recognized as the strange specter that had appeared to him while sitting + on a stone beneath a tree at Chatteraugus. Gen. Silent was startled for a + moment, but stood still with eyes fixed upon the apparition. Finally a + light, beautiful and dazzling, shone around the figure. He did not move. + It approached him, saying in a subdued, soft and melodious voice: + </p> + <p> + "'Gen. Silent, you have been selected to forever wipe out the crime of + slavery. This can only be done by suppressing the rebellion now in + progress against your Government, which must be completed within fourteen + months from this day or all will be lost. Start East at once; take no rest + with either of your great armies until this is accomplished. All is with + you. The matter is exclusively in your hands.' + </p> + <p> + "After speaking thus, the specter disappeared and all was still. He stood + for a moment, bewildered. When he had collected his thoughts he turned and + walked rapidly to his quarters, which were at the Nashua House. He entered + his room and sat for some time in deep meditation. While at Victor's Hill + he had thought of moving his army across to Mobile, and thence to Savannah + and North to the rear of Richmond. He was not a superstitious man, but at + the same time was forced by what he had seen and heard that night to + consider well that which seemed to be before him. The condition of the + armies of the Union, and also that of the rebels, was taken in at one + grasp of the mind. The East and West were carefully considered, and a plan + seemed to be placed before him that would certainly be successful. The + whole question of the suppression of the rebellion seemed to be disclosed + to his mind, and indelibly photographed thereon, as if in a vision from on + high. He could see his Army of the West and Center combined under one + commander, making their way against obstinate resistance to the sea; and + then coming north to the rear of Richmond, breaking the shell of the + Confederacy as it marched. At the same time he saw the great rebel army of + the East, under Laws, in Virginia, melt away before him, driven, + demoralized, and finally captured. This all seemed to be a dream, and yet + it was the true method to pursue in order to put down the rebellion. These + things were at once firmly fixed in his mind, and thus he would undertake + to bring success, should he be selected as the commander of all the armies + of the Union, as had just been indicated to him. + </p> + <p> + "Just then a rap was head at his door. 'Come in,' was the response, and + Gen. Anderson entered. Gen. Silent met him with great cordiality and asked + him to be seated. They conversed for some time on the subject of the war + and the probabilities of success. + </p> + <p> + "Finally Gen. Anderson said: 'General, this war can be concluded in but + one way, and that is by desperate fighting. The armies on both sides are + made up of Americans, each believing they are right, and numbers and + endurance will finally determine the contest, provided our people do not + become alarmed at the constant cry for peace by the Northern Golden + Circles and other sympathizers with the South.' + </p> + <p> + "'That is true,' said Gen. Silent; 'I feel more bitterness towards those + Northern croakers and sympathizers than I do toward the rebels in the + South, who take their lives and put them in chance for what they believe + to be right. Wrong as they are, they are better men than those who are + behind us trying to discourage us, and to encourage the rebels, without + the nerve to fight on either side.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said Anderson; 'I fully agree with you. Allow me to ask at about + what time will our Spring campaign begin?' + </p> + <p> + "'At the very first moment that we can move on the roads in safety. I am + now sending Sherwood with what troops are within his call from Victor's + Hill east to Meredith, breaking railroads, destroying bridges, etc., so + that when we commence our movements in the Spring, Biggs will have no line + save the one due south or east. We will then force him into the extreme + South or cause him to make a junction with the army in the East, under + Laws, where our Army of the West and Center must pursue him. The + destruction of the two great rebel armies must be our task. This done, the + rebellion will be at an end. This must be accomplished within the next + fourteen months; sooner if we can, but within that time we must succeed, + if at all, and I have no doubt whatever of a final triumph. The Almighty + is only permitting the continuation of this struggle in order that the + people shall become thoroughly satisfied with the destruction of slavery. + Whenever that time comes He will give our enemies over into our hands.' + </p> + <p> + "'Gen. Silent, your faith is certainly very strong.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; I am now thoroughly convinced in my own mind that within the time + mentioned our enemies will be at our feet. I am going East, where I am + ordered by the President for some purpose. I intend to lay my whole plan + before him and urge its adoption, believing that if followed the rebellion + will end as I have stated. Would you like to go East, Gen. Anderson, if I + should wish you to do so?' + </p> + <p> + "'I would certainly not disobey your orders, Gen. Silent, but I have a + good command, and one with which I am well acquainted, and perhaps I would + be of more service by remaining with it than by taking a new one. I did + have a great desire to be ordered East when I was sent here, but the + reasons for that desire do not now exist.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson then, in confidence, related to Gen. Silent what had + transpired at McGregor's headquarters the evening after the battle at + Antler's Run, which astonished Gen. Silent. He sat for some time without + making any remark. Finally he asked if the President and the Secretary of + War had this information. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson replied that they had. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent smiled, but said not a word. The conversation on this subject + then dropped. Gen. Silent inquired if he believed in dreams. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson answered in the negative; at the same time he said he had + heard on one or two occasions of very strange dreams, and one especially + that he was watching closely to see if it would turn out in accordance + with an interpretation given to it by a person whom he well knew. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent then asked him if he had ever seen anything that he could not + understand or account for. + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir,' replied Gen. Anderson. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent said no more, and it then being quite late they separated. + Gen. Silent left early next morning for the East. As soon as he could + reach Washington he appeared at the Executive Mansion and had an interview + with the President, when he was informed that he had been ordered East + with a view of putting him in command of all the armies of the United + States. He did not exhibit the least surprise at this, but at once + proceeded to lay his plans before the President and Secretary of War. The + plans were the same as suggested by him to Gen. Anderson. After careful + consideration they were approved. + </p> + <p> + "The President told Gen. Silent he now should have the full support of the + Government, with supreme command, and that the President would hold him + responsible for the suppression of the rebellion, and expect that the + enemy would be dispersed at an early day. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent replied that the rebellion would end within fourteen months. + </p> + <p> + "'Why fourteen months? Could you not say twelve?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, sir,' replied Silent; 'I put it fourteen. I hope to see it + accomplished at an earlier date, but within this time it will be done.' + </p> + <p> + "'Gen. Silent, I have a strange reason for saying twelve months,' and the + President laughed at the idea of having a superstition about dreams, 'but, + General last night I had such a curious dream that I must tell it to you. + I thought a strange man appeared in the presence of the Armies of the + West, riding upon a large brown horse, and that where-ever and whenever he + appeared the armies were successful; that this strange man would disappear + without uttering a word. This same strange man had appeared at the East, + and at his appearance the rebel armies laid down their arms and sued for + peace. In my dream peace was restored, but it lasted for only a short + time; the citizens of Maryland and Virginia conspired together and swept + down upon Washington, captured the city, burned the Government records, + and murdered many of our leading men, amongst whom was yourself. What do + you say to this, General? Can you interpret it?' + </p> + <p> + "'No, Mr. President, I cannot. I do not allow myself to think but very + little about dreams. They certainly can be nothing more than the + wanderings of the mind during sleep. But, Mr. President, since you have + taken me into your confidence I must confess that I am sometimes startled + by what seems to be an unfolding of events in the future.' + </p> + <p> + "Saying this much he relapsed into his wonted silence. After some further + conversation they separated. The next morning Gen. Silent left for the + Army of the East. He was received on his arrival in a manner that showed + their confidence in him as a great commander. He established his + headquarters in the field near Meador, and at once commenced giving + directions in his quiet way for reorganizing the troops and preparing in + every way for an early advance. His army was soon organized into three + corps,—Second, Fifth and Sixth,—commanded respectively by Gen. + Hanscom, Gen. Sedgewear and Gen. Warner; the Ninth (Independent) Corps, + under Broomneld, with the cavalry under Sher-lin, who had been ordered to + the East from the Army of the Center. + </p> + <p> + "My son Jackson, having been spoken of very highly to Gen. Silent by Gen. + Anderson, had also been ordered to the East and placed in command of a + brigade under Gen. Hanscom. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0023" id="linkimage-0023"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0347.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Gens. Silent and Meador in Conversation. 347 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The armies both in the East and the West being reorganized and in good + condition, Gen. Silent began his arrangements for an immediate movement. + The Armies of the West and Center now being combined under the command of + Sherwood were to move from Chatteraugus directly down the railroad against + Biggs,—or rather Jones, the new commander of the rebel forces. The + movement of the combined armies, East and West, against the enemy, was to + take place on the same day. The rebel army East was admirably posted for + defensive operations, provided they were to be attacked in their position. + Laws had his army divided into three corps, commanded respectively by + Ewelling on the right, A. P. Hiller on the left, and Longpath (who had + come from Biggs) as reserve in the rear; his cavalry by J. E. Seward. His + army was on the south bank of the Rapidan, and in rear of Mine Run, and + extending east to the spurs of the Blue Ridge, on the west and left flank, + protected by heavy earthworks. His forces and his movements were covered + by streams, forests, hills, and by a very heavy chaparral or copse for + miles in extent. + </p> + <p> + "Silent would not attack in his front, as Laws expected, but concluded to + plunge immediately into the chaparral and threaten Laws's right. This + would compel the enemy to give battle at once or retreat. So orders were + issued for the Army of the East to move at midnight, cross the Rapidan, + and march into the dense woods by the roads nearest the rebel lines. The + troops moved, and by dawn the next morning had possession of the crossings + and were passing over the river. By night of that day the army had crossed + with most of their trains. The cavalry had pushed forward and camped near + Sedgewear, who had gone into bivouac on the hill after crossing the + Rapidan. During the day our signal corps had read the signals of the + enemy, which were that Laws had discovered Silent's movements and was + making preparations to meet them. + </p> + <p> + "Silent had ordered Broomfield to move at once and make night marches so + as to be up in time. Sherlin was to move forward and attack the rebel + cavalry at Chancellor's City. Three times this army had crossed the + Rapidan before and as many times had been driven back. The question in the + minds of all was, 'Will Silent go on, or will he be forced to recross the + stream?' Laws was very confident that he would force him back. + </p> + <p> + "That night Silent received a telegram from Sherwood at Chatteraugus, + saying that his army had moved out that day and was near the enemy; also, + from Crooker and Boutler; all had moved. Thus Silent had all the armies of + the Republic, wherever they might be, at the same hour moving against the + enemy aggressively. No such movements had a parallel in history. The enemy + were menaced in every front, so that no portion could give aid or + re-enforcements to the other. + </p> + <p> + "Laws, when he saw the situation, determined to attack, believing that he + could assault Warner and drive him back before Hanscom (who had crossed + some miles from Warner) could come up to join on Warner's right. That + night Warner and Ewelling lay facing each other, nearly together. They + might easily have divided rations, though hidden from each other by the + dense forest. Yet, like the knowledge we all have by instinct of our near + approach to danger, they were each aware of the other's presence. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent ordered a change, so as to move his head of column direct for + the right flank of Laws's new position. Warner moved, with cavalry in + advance, to Craig's Meeting House, his left resting at Chaparral Tavern. + Sedge-wear was to join on his right, Hanscom to move from Chancellor City + to his support, and Sherlin on the left and in rear of Hanscom. + </p> + <p> + "Early in the morning the enemy appeared in Warner's front. One regiment + of cavalry had already been hurled back. Meador had made his disposition + in accordance with Silent's instructions. Broomfleld was now crossing the + river, and Silent waiting at the ford to see him; but learning of Laws's + movement, he went forward at once to Chaparral Tavern. This tavern was in + a low place, densely surrounded with trees and underbrush. Here Silent + placed his headquarters in the rear of Warner's Corps. The woods and + chaparral were so dense in all directions that neither army could + distinguish the line of the other. + </p> + <p> + "By 9 o'clock an occasional shot could be heard, and then the rattle of + musketry, as though a company or so had discharged their pieces. Presently + a few skirmishers would come back to the main line, asserting that the + enemy were in force in our front. Then orders would be given to advance + the skirmish-line and feel for the enemy. + </p> + <p> + "About 10 o'clock a shot from the artillery of the enemy announced the + fact that he was posting for resistance. Our line at once advanced as best + it could in the direction of the enemy. The musketry opened and continued + to increase until one whole division of our troops were engaged. The + artillery opened on both sides and roared as the mighty thunders. Musketry + rattled like hail on the housetops. The enemy in our front, Ewelling + commanding, was driven in great disorder for some distance by Griffith's + division, but the underbrush was so dense that no alignment could be made + with the troops. Regiments and brigades could not find each other. It + became impossible to have any unity of action. This same cause prevented + Sedgewear from joining on Warner's right or connecting with Griffith. This + left Griffith's flank exposed, and the rebels at once taking advantage of + this, forced him back again with the loss of some of his guns and quite a + number of prisoners. The rebels made no attempt to follow up their + advantage, but began at once erecting earthworks. + </p> + <p> + "Laws was attacked before he anticipated, although making a show of + readiness; but he was resting on ground familiar to him and wholly unknown + to our troops. Silent was notified of our repulse. It was apparent that + Laws's whole army was on the field, and meditated an attack before our + army could be brought into action. Sedgewear's troops were not all up; + Broomfield had not arrived, and Hanscom was not yet on the ground. This + was not quite what Gen. Silent had been accustomed to. His commands + heretofore were always at the spot on time when ordered, and generally + before the time appointed. + </p> + <p> + "He at once mounted his horse and rode in person to the front, in order to + get a view of the situation. He followed Warner on a narrow road, which + was thronged with troops in great disorder. Slight works thrown up by both + sides, in intervals of the fight, were very close together. He at once saw + from the nature of the surrounding country the importance of maintaining + Warner's position. On his return to his headquarters he dispatched + officers to hasten Sedgewear's and Broomfield's troops with all possible + speed. His wish now was to bring to bear as largo a force as possible + against Laws's left, in order to prevent the discovery of the great space + between Warner and Hanscom. Laws, however, had detected this gap, and was + forming Hiller's Corps to move through it. + </p> + <p> + "Geddis was now ordered to move at once and hold this part of the line + with his division of Warner's Corps against all force that might come + against him. This was the breathless time during the day. Geddis took the + position. Hiller moved against him, but Geddis held the point. Hanscom + came up, but his corps was far away to his rear. It was nearly two o'clock + before his troops came in sight, certainly none too soon. He at once + formed on Geddis's left. There was but one spot, on account of the density + of the forest, where artillery could be put in battery or used to any + advantage. Here Hanscom put all his artillery. At 2:30 he received orders + to attack Hiller at once in conjunction with Geddis, which he did. This + compelled Hanscom to move two of his divisions in support of Geddis, Burns + and Motley. The two lines had both approached until they were exceedingly + close together. + </p> + <p> + "The battle now commenced in great earnest on both sides, and was of a + most destructive and deadly character. The musketry firing was continuous + along the whole line. The remainder of Hanscom's Corps was ordered up and + went into action, having no time for protecting themselves. Several + desperate assaults were made by Hanscom and Geddis, but the enemy, having + the cover of the chaparral, were able to inflict great damage on our + forces. + </p> + <p> + "Silent, learning that our forces could not dislodge the enemy, sent a + force from Warner's left to relieve the troops who were so hotly engaged. + Accordingly one division under Gen. Walworth and one brigade under Roberts + were sent through the woods to the sound of battle. But they could not see + fifty yards before them on account of the underbrush. The roar of the + battle was like a continuous peal of thunder. Gen. Walworth tried to + penetrate the thick woods to relieve his comrades, but did not arrive + until nightfall. + </p> + <p> + "Sedgewear had now taken position on the right of Warner, and both of + their corps had been engaged during the afternoon. Sherlin had struck the + rebel cavalry near Ford's House and driven them back. He now held the + country to the left of Hanscom on the road to Spottsyl-vania. The night + had closed in and the two armies rested facing each other. The killed, + wounded and dying were strewn between the lines like leaves. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Meador and others came to Silent's Headquarters that night. One + corps in each army had not been engaged during the day, and so the battle + had but fairly commenced. Silent gave orders to assault the enemy the next + morning at five o'clock. Longpath on the side of the enemy, who had not + been engaged during the day, was moving that night to the support of + Hiller, evidently intending to crush our left. Geddis was ordered to + remain with Hanscom; Walworth was to assault Hiller's left, while Hanscom + made a front attack. Broomfield was to move to the gap between Walworth + and Warner's left. But Laws was preparing also for an attack, and made his + assault on our right a little before Hanscom made the attack contemplated + by Silent. + </p> + <p> + "The battle commenced by Ewelling assailing Wight. The fighting became + furious along Sedgewear's entire front and over and along Warner's line. + Burns and Motley, of Hanscom's Corps, advanced upon the enemy and + assaulted him with very great energy. Walworth now assaulted where he was + directed. The contest was a desperate one. The smoke rose through the + woods like a dense cloud. The artillery was brought to where it could be + used, and from both sides it belched forth its iron hail and sounded as if + the earth was breaking into a thousand fragments. The musketry rattled and + showered the leaden missiles of death in every direction. The yells and + shrieks of the wounded were enough to strike terror to the souls of the + strongest, during the whole time of this great battle of blood and death. + </p> + <p> + "The enemy were driven at every point, and retreated in great confusion. + Our troops undertook to pursue them through the thick woods and became + broken up and confused. Sherlin was now engaged with Seward's cavalry, + near the Todd House, in a terrible contest, The firing and shouting could + be heard by Hanscom's troops. Sherlin was victorious and Seward retreated. + </p> + <p> + "Up to this time Longpath had not taken the position assigned him, but now + moved rapidly against Hanscom's left. The contest was renewed. Silent and + Meador rode out to the front and looked over the ground. Silent never lost + confidence in the result for a moment. + </p> + <p> + "Longpath now assaulted with great vehemence; our advance brigade was + swept like chaff before the wind. The density of the brush was such that H + an scorn could not make his proper formation, and therefore had to fall + back to his position held early in the day. Walworth was driven back, and + in trying to rally his men was shot through the head and instantly killed. + Sedgewear's right was assailed and turned, losing many prisoners. He + rallied, however, and drove the enemy back again. Longpath being now + severely wounded, Laws led his corps in person. + </p> + <p> + "A simultaneous attack was now made by our forces. Broomfield assaulted + for the first time during the day, and the enemy were forced back. In this + assault my son Jackson, leading his brigade, was wounded and taken to the + rear. This was late in the afternoon. The woods had been on fire several + times during the day, but at this time the breastworks of some of our men + having been constructed of wood were fired by the musketry and blazed up, + catching the timber and leaves with which the ground was covered. The fire + became general and drove men in every direction, both Union and rebel. The + shrieks and screams of the poor wounded men who could not escape the + flames were heartrending. + </p> + <p> + "Darkness came on and the contest ceased. During the night Laws withdrew + the rebel army to his old line of works and gave up the idea of driving + Silent back across the Rapidan. Gen. Silent repaired to his headquarters, + where he received the reports of the commanding officers. Some were sure + that Laws would attack again the next morning. Some thought that we had + better retire across the Rapidan. At this Silent said not a word, but + smiled. He finally gave orders to be ready to meet the enemy the next + morning, and to attack him if he had not withdrawn. When he spoke of the + enemy withdrawing a look of surprise was on the faces of many. + </p> + <p> + "After they had all repaired to their respective quarters he went out to + look around, and while listening under a tree in order to hear any + movements that might be making in the enemy's lines, he was again startled + by the same spectral form that had appeared to him twice before. It + pointed in the direction of Richmond and spoke these words, 'Move on + to-morrow,' and disappeared. He was strangely affected by this, and became + quite nervous for a man of his stoicism. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0024" id="linkimage-0024"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0354.jpg" width="100%" + alt="A Scene in the Trenches 354 " /> + </div> + <p> + "He returned to his tent and inquired for his Adjutant-General. When he + reported, he asked if any further reports had come in, and was told that a + messenger had just arrived with dispatches announcing that Boutler had + moved on City Point, capturing it; that Sherwood expected to attack Jones + at Rocky Head on that day. Silent then went to bed and slept soundly. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning there was no enemy in sight. Gen. Silent advanced his + troops well to the front until satisfied that Laws had withdrawn. He gave + orders for taking care of the wounded and burying the dead. The wounded of + both armies were thickly strewn all over the battlefield. Many had + perished from the smoke and fire in the woods. It was a sight I do not + wish to describe if I could. + </p> + <p> + "That day Silent issued his orders for the army to make a night march by + the left flank in the direction of Spottsyl-vania. He and Meador started, + with the cavalry in advance, late in the afternoon, and as they passed + along the line going in that direction the boys understood it and cried + out, 'Good! good! No going back this time; we are going to Richmond,' and + they made the woods resound with shouts of joy. + </p> + <p> + "The next day about noon Sherlin was directed to move with his cavalry to + the rear of the enemy, cut the railroads, and destroy all the enemy's + supplies he could find. He moved at once. Silent notified Broomfield of + the resistance being made to our further advance, and ordered him to move + up as rapidly as possible. Skirmishing and sharp fighting between isolated + divisions and brigades occurred. Many officers and men were killed. Gen. + Sedgewear was among the killed on this morning, and Gen. H. G. Wight was + assigned to the command of his corps. This was the 9th day of the month, + and the armies had been marching and fighting five days. + </p> + <p> + "Silent's lines were now formed and ready to attack or resist. Thus they + lay during the fifth night. On the next morning orders were issued to + assault the enemy's center at 10 o'clock. Some movement of the enemy + delayed the assault, and about 1 o'clock the enemy pressed forward to + attack, which they did with great vigor. They were repulsed with great + loss and fell back in confusion. They reformed and came forward again. The + contest now became fierce and even terrific. They made their way close up + to Hanscom's front and delivered their fire in the very faces of our men. + Our line did not waver, but now opened such a terrible fire of musketry on + them that they broke in great disorder. + </p> + <p> + "In the very heat of the contest the woods had taken fire again, and the + flames were leaping along with frightful rapidity, destroying nearly + everything in their pathway. Our troops on this part of the line were + compelled to fall' back, leaving many poor fellows of both sides to + perish. Soon, however, the skirmishers were re-enforced and drove the + enemy for a mile into their entrenchments. + </p> + <p> + "It was now determined to make the assault contemplated in the morning. So + about 4 p.m. Silent ordered the assault. Warner and Wight were to move + simultaneously with Warner's and Gibbs's divisions, Motley to advance on + the left of Wight's Corps. Our troops had to advance up a densely-wooded + hill. Silent and Meador took position on an elevated point, but could see + little of the field, it was so overgrown with bushes. + </p> + <p> + "The battle had again commenced, our troops assaulting. A cloud of smoke + hung heavily over the field, lighted up occasionally by flashes from + artillery. The shouts of the commanders giving their orders, the yells of + the soldiers on both sides, as well as the groans of the wounded and + dying, could be distinctly heard in every direction. Across an open field, + then through heavy woods, across a soft morass in front of one division of + the enemy near the stream, went our lines, struggling forward under a most + galling fire until lost to view in a copse of wood and the smoke of + battle. Only our wounded now came staggering and crawling out from under + the cloud of smoke to the rear. These few moments of suspense were + terrible. Looking, listening and waiting, our troops at this moment + ascended the hill and stormed the enemy's works, but could not hold them + against the destructive fire. They fell back to their original line. + </p> + <p> + "On our left, at that moment, a great victory was being accomplished. Col. + Upson and Gen. Motley formed a storming party of some twelve regiments, + and drove right against the flank of the enemy. They rushed with such + impetuosity against the rebels that they could not withstand the assault. + Our forces captured an entire brigade and one battery of the enemy. + Hanscom now assaulted and broke the enemy's line, capturing many + prisoners. At six p.m. Broomfield attacked. Night closed with our columns + within one mile of Spottsylvania Court-house. The fighting of this day was + desperate, and the loss on both sides terrible. The suffering was great; + many were burned who had fallen wounded on the field. + </p> + <p> + "This was the sixth day of blood and death. Our forces held some 4,000 + prisoners, while the enemy had taken none from us save a few stragglers. + That night Boutler reported great success. Sherlin had got in the rear of + the enemy, destroyed ten miles of his railroad and nearly all of his + supplies of food and medical stores. Silent now ordered rest and + reconnoitering for the next day. + </p> + <p> + "So, on the following day, our lines were adjusted and reconnoissances + made, with full preparations for the ending of the great contest. Hanscom + was to move in the night so as to join Broomfield, and they were to attack + at 4 A. M. of the 12th. They moved into line not more than two-thirds of a + mile from the enemy. The ground was heavily wooded and ascended sharply + towards the enemy. In the morning a heavy fog lay close to the ground, but + at 4:35 the order to move forward was given. Burns and Barrow moved in + advance. The soldiers seemed to be urged forward by some kind of + inspiration, and finally broke into a double-quick, and with irresistible + force over the earthworks of the enemy they went. Both divisions entered + about the same time, and a most desperate battle here ensued. Muskets were + clubbed and bayonets and swords pierced many bodies on both sides. The + struggle was short, however, and resulted in our forces capturing some + 5,000 prisoners, twenty pieces of artillery, and thirty colors, with two + General officers. The rebels broke to the rear in great disorder, our men + pursuing them through the woods. Shouts of victory rent the air. + </p> + <p> + "Silent was now by a small fire, which was sputtering and spitting, the + rain coming down in uncomfortable quantities. Hanscom had taken and was + now holding the center of their line. He reported: 'Have just finished up + Jones and am going into Ewelling; many prisoners and guns.' + </p> + <p> + "The enemy made six assaults on Hanscom, which were repulsed. Broomfield + now reported that he had lost connection with Hanscom. Silent wrote him: + 'Push the enemy; that is the best way to make connection.' + </p> + <p> + "Desultory fighting continued until midnight, when the enemy gave up the + task of re-taking their lost line and retreated. Thus ended the eighth day + of marching and most desperate fighting ever known. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning an assault was made in order to take possession of high + ground near the court-house, which was a success, without any considerable + resistance. The rain was now falling in torrents. The roads became so + muddy that they were impassable, which prevented any further movement for + the present. The collecting of the wounded and burying the dead was a + sight to behold. The whole country back for miles was one continuous + hospital. Our losses were over 20,000, and no one could ever ascertain the + loss of the enemy; but it could not have been less than 30,000—including + prisoners. + </p> + <p> + "The howl that was set up by the Sons of Liberty and Copperheads excelled + anything that had ever been heard. Silent was a 'murderer,' a 'butcher,' a + 'brute,' an 'inhuman monster.' The enemy, however, were all right. They + were 'humane friends,' 'good Christians,' etc. The hypocrisy of this world + is perfectly amazing. + </p> + <p> + "At this time take a glance at the rebel capital. Boutler was within ten + miles; Sherlin's troopers were, many of them, inside the works on the + north side of Richmond. Sherwood was forcing the rebel Army of the Center. + Gen. Crookerhad cut all railroads between Tennessee and Richmond. All + lines of communication with Richmond were severed, and confusion and + terror reigned in the rebel capital. Jeff Davis contemplated flight, but + was prevented by those surrounding him. With all these evidences of our + final success and failure on their part, the anti-war party in the North + could find no words of contumely too severe for our successful commanders. + </p> + <p> + "Henry and I left for Washington, and in the confusion of everything I + finally found a surgeon by the name of Bliss, who informed me where I + could find my son Jackson. He had been brought to Washington and placed in + the Stone Mansion Hospital, on Meridian Hill. We lost no time in visiting + that place, and by permission of the surgeon in charge visited Jackson. We + found him with a high fever and some evidence of erysipelas. His wound was + in the right groin—a very dangerous wound. He talked quite freely, + and gave all kinds of messages for his mother, the family, and Gen. + Anderson, but said to us that he could live but a few days. + </p> + <p> + "'The fates are against our family,' said he. 'We will all go down sooner + or later. Mother is right.' + </p> + <p> + "We remained in Washington and gave Jackson all the attention we could. We + merely paid our respects to the President. He was so busy we could not + interrupt him. Joy was in the hearts of all loyal people, while curses + were upon the lips of every disloyal and anti-war Democrat in the whole + country. + </p> + <p> + "Jackson died from erysipelas on the sixth day after our arrival. This + shock almost broke me down. Henry was nearly frantic. Jackson was his + favorite brother. They had both been wanderers alike from home. We took + his remains to our home, had his funeral services in the church to which + his mother and I belonged, and buried him by the side of my son David, in + the Allentown Cemetery. + </p> + <p> + "You must imagine this blow to our family; I will not undertake to + describe our distress. His mother almost lost her mind, and for several + days she talked incessantly about Peter. She seemed to lose sight of all + else. Seraine was deeply affected. She thought very much of Jackson, he + being the one who brought about her union with Henry much sooner than, + perhaps, it would have occurred." + </p> + <p> + Just then Mrs. Wilson came in. We could see that she kept a close watch + over Uncle Daniel. He took her in his arms and said: + </p> + <p> + "My darling, I was just speaking of the death of your Uncle Jackson." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Grandpa; I well remember when you and Uncle Henry came home from + Washington with his remains; how we were all distressed; how Grandma's + mind was affected; and how poor old Aunt Martha cried and spoke of him. I + remember also that he was buried by the side of my poor father." + </p> + <p> + She ceased speaking and wept and sobbed, and finally she took her grandpa + by the hand and led him to his room. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0018" id="link2HCH0018"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVIII. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + OPERATIONS OF THE ARMY OF THE CENTER.—GEN. SHERWOOD'S + CAMPAIGN AGAINST GATE CITY.—HEAD'S ARMY DESTROYED.—GEN. + PAPSON'S GREAT VICTORIES AT FRANKTOWN AND NASHUA. + + "We die that our country may survive."—Lyon. +</pre> + <p> + "General Silent was now in command of all the armies of the United States, + having his Headquarters with the Army of the East, so that he might have + the immediate supervision of it. Sherwood, having been placed in command + of the Armies of the West, commenced organizing and concentrating his + forces for the Spring campaign, under the general plan suggested by Silent + and approved by the President and Secretary of War. The condition of + things in the North was as heretofore described. Sherwood was kept + continually on the alert, in order to meet the many raids that were being + made in his Department. + </p> + <p> + "About the 1st of April, Gen. Forrester, with a large cavalry force, again + moved north, marched between Big and Little Combination Rivers, and made + his way unmolested to Paduah, and there assaulted the Union garrison held + by Col. Heck, by whom he was badly beaten. He made his retreat, swinging + around to Conception River, and following that down to Fort Pillston, + which was held by a very small garrison of colored troops. After capturing + the post the unfortunate troops were most barbarously and inhumanly + butchered, no quarter being given. The poor colored soldiers and citizens + were shot down like so many wild beasts. Some were killed while imploring + their captors for mercy; others were tied to trees, fires built around + them made of fagots, and in that way burned to death. + </p> + <p> + "The sick and wounded fared no better. Such brutality is seldom resorted + to by the most barbarous of the savage Indian tribes. What do you suppose + would have been the fate of any Union officer who would have permitted + such conduct on the part of his command?" + </p> + <p> + "Why," said Col. Bush, "the officer would have been dismissed the service + in utter disgrace, and would not afterwards have been recognized as a + gentleman anywhere in the Northern States." + </p> + <p> + "No, sir," said Dr. Adams; "such officers would have been compelled to + change their names and to find homes in the mountains, where they would + have been unobserved." + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Uncle Daniel, "that would have been so with any of our troops; + yet you never hear this fact alluded to. It is lost sight of, and if you + should mention it publicly, you would only be criticised for so doing. Our + tradesmen and merchants want their Southern customers, and therefore, no + matter what their crimes may have been, they are hushed up and condoned. + But to return to my story. + </p> + <p> + "Sherwood had made his disposition for an advance, and on the same day + that the Army of the East commenced its movement to cross the Rapidan, his + army moved out against Gen. Jones, who had displaced Biggs and was in + command of the rebel Army of the Center. Sherwood's army moved in three + columns from and about Chatteraugus—Scovens on the left, Papson in + the center, and McFadden on the right. Papson moved directly against + Turner's Hill, and McFadden, by way of Gadden's Mill, to and through Snake + Gap, against Sarco. Papson had encountered the enemy at Rocky Head, and + failing to dislodge him, was ordered to the right in support of McFadden. + Jones fell back to Sarco and made a stand. Hord's Corps assaulted him in + front, Scovens on his right, Papson and McFadden on his left, McFadden + gaining the high ridges overlooking the fort and opened a destructive + artillery fire against it. + </p> + <p> + "Late in the evening, as night was closing in, Gen. Anderson ordered a + part of his command to assault and charge their works near the river, + south of the town. This was executed in gallant style, Gen. Ward leading + the charge. The firing all along both lines was picturesque. As volley + after volley was discharged, it reminded one of a line of Roman candles + shooting forth. Soon our troops succeeded in dislodging the enemy and + capturing his works, with many prisoners. This closed the contest; and + that night Jones, with his army, retreated, destroying bridges and all + else behind him. + </p> + <p> + "He was vigorously pushed by our army. Two days later Papson's head of + column struck the rear of the enemy between Caseyville and King's City. + Skirmishing commenced, and was kept up during the night. At this point + Jones had collected his whole army—three large corps, commanded by + Harding, Polkhorn and Head, numbering nearly as many men as Sherwood's + forces. During the night, however, the enemy retreated, and did it so + handsomely that the next morning there was nothing to be seen as evidence + of an enemy, save fresh earthworks. + </p> + <p> + "After remaining there several days waiting for supplies, etc., our forces + resumed their advance and moved rapidly in the direction of a town on the + Powder Springs road called Dalls; McFadden on the extreme right, Papson in + the center, and Scovens on the left. Hord, of Papson's army, in moving to + the crossing of Pumpkin Run, met the enemy, and was soon engaged in what + turned out to be a severe battle, lasting until quite in the night. This + checked the movement of the army under Papson, and changed the point to be + gained to Hopeful Church. There was continuous skirmishing and fighting at + this point at close range behind works for about five days. The losses, + however, were not very considerable on either side, both being under cover + of earthworks. The troops here were so situated in their lines and works + that both sides kept well down behind their cover. Finally our boys gave + it the name of 'Hell Hole.' + </p> + <p> + "McFadden having moved to Dalls, as ordered, was some miles away to the + right of the remainder of the forces. The enemy seeing this, concentrated + two whole corps and hurled them against the Fifteenth Corps, and one small + division on its left. The assault was made by Harding and Polkhorn on the + morning of the 28th of May, and lasted until late in the afternoon. This + was a fierce and very bloody battle, with quite a loss on both sides. The + enemy broke the line of our forces on the right and poured through the gap + like bees swarming, but the commander of the corps of 'Forty Bounds' was + equal to the occasion, charging them with reserve troops and driving them + back with great slaughter. From that time on, the day was in our favor. + The General who commanded the corps came down the line where bullets were + thickest, with hat in hand, cheering his men on to action and to victory; + with a shout that could only be given by that old, well-drilled corps, + which had never known defeat, they rushed forward against the enemy and + routed twice their number. Men who were in this battle say that the + soldiers and officers were more like enraged tigers than men. No power + could stay them when it came to their turn during the day to make an + assault, the enemy having made the first one. + </p> + <p> + "Two days after this brilliant victory they were ordered by Sherwood to + their left to join the right of Hord's command. The army now being in + compact form confronting the enemy, he withdrew to Bush and Kensington + Mountains, in front of Henrietta, covering the railroad to Gate City. Gen. + Sherwood moved his army on a parallel line to Shan tee, covering the + railroad to the rear, being our line of communication, directly + confronting the enemy on the Mountain ridge. The position of the enemy was + a good one; much better than our troops occupied. Thus, our forces were + 100 miles south of Chatteraugus. During the whole march it had been one + succession of skirmishes and battles, from Rocky Head to Kensington + Mountain. The skirmishes and battles were generally fought in dense woods, + and doubtless, in the rapid movements, many of our poor men, and also of + the enemy, were wounded and left to die in the forest. The enemy's lines + were several miles in length, covering those spurs—Kensington, Bush + and Pine Mountains. Our troops were pushing up as close as possible under + a continuous and heavy fire. While advancing our lines our forces could + see the signals of the enemy on the mountains, and very soon learned to + read them. + </p> + <p> + "In one of the forward movements on our extreme right a very sharp + artillery duel took place between Davies' artillery and Polkhorn's, who + formed the enemy's left. During this engagement Polkhorn was killed by one + of our round shots. Our signal officers interpreted the enemy's signals + stating his death. Our boys sent up a great shout. + </p> + <p> + "The enemy thereby discovered that our men could read their signals and at + once changed them, much to the chagrin of our Signal Corps. + </p> + <p> + "The railroad bridges that had been destroyed in our rear by the enemy on + their retreat having been repaired, the trains began running and bringing + up supplies. One day a train came in drawn by a very powerful engine. The + engineer concluded that he would tempt or alarm the enemy, so he put on a + full head of steam and started down the track as though he was going + directly into their lines. As soon as he came in sight—which was + unavoidable, as the road ran through an open field directly in front of + Kensington Mountain, and then curved to the left through a gap—they + opened a battery directed at the engine. Peal after peal was heard from + their guns, but the engineer ran the engine down to our skirmish line and + there held it for some moments, keeping up meanwhile the most hideous + whistling and bell ringing. The number of guns that opened fire and their + rapidity in firing was such that all along both lines they believed a + battle was raging. The engineer returned his engine to the train amid the + shouts of thousands of our troops. + </p> + <p> + "Our skirmishers were now close, approaching nearer and nearer every day + and night, the advance being made by regular stages. Several attempts were + made to double the skirmish-lines and move up the slope of the ridge, but + this could not be accomplished. Finally Gen. Anderson asked permission to + make a reconnaissance to our left and to the right and rear of the enemy, + or at least to find where his right rested. This was permitted, and Gen. + Anderson struck the enemy's cavalry some five miles to our extreme left, + driving them around the point of the mountain and capturing very nearly + two regiments. This at once disclosed the fact as to the exposed flank of + the enemy. He then moved back to his position in line and waited further + orders. + </p> + <p> + "Just about this date Gen. Sherwood received information that the + expedition up Blood River had failed, and that Forrester had defeated + Sturgeon and was now preparing to raid the railroads in our rear. This was + not very encouraging to our forces, but caused great joy in the rebel camp + in our front, as our forces learned. The next day the enemy made a feeble + attack on our right, but was handsomely repulsed by Gen. Hord's Corps. + Sherwood seemed determined to try to dislodge the enemy,—a flank + movement seemed to others to be the way to force the enemy from his lines + of works on the crest of the mountain. + </p> + <p> + "On the 27th of June, he ordered an assault on Little Kensington Mountain. + Our troops at the same time were to make demonstrations on all parts of + the line. McFadden assaulted, by order of the commander, the face of the + mountain, where there was no possibility of success. He was hurled back, + losing many officers and men. Papson assaulted on his right, where the + mountain sloped down to a low foothill with no rugged heights. Here the + enemy had strong earthworks, with an almost impenetrable abatis. One + division after another and one corps after another were hurled against + this breastwork, where fell many brave and gallant men and officers on + that fatal day. Papson did not believe our troops could take those strong + works, posted as the rebels were, but obeyed orders from his superior + officer. + </p> + <p> + "Towards noon our losses were heavy, and it seemed like leading men into + the very jaws of death to attempt another assault. Some of the officers, + as well as men, openly said it was most cruel and cold-blooded murder to + force men up against works where one man behind them would equal at least + four of the assaulting party. Yet another attack was ordered, and about + the middle of the afternoon all were ready. Sherwood was on a high hill a + good distance in the rear, where he could see all that was going on. + </p> + <p> + "The order was given to move forward. Gen. Anderson was put to the front, + my son Peter in command of his advance brigade. On, on they went, well + knowing that many a brave boy would fall to rise no more. Not a word was + spoken save the one of command. The line moved right on, the enemy pouring + shot and shell into our ranks. Our brave boys fell like grass before the + scythe. As our ranks thinned and gaps were made by shot and shell the + solemn command could be heard, 'Close up, my brave boys!' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson rode in full dress, with a long black plume in his hat. On + and on, to the very jaws of hell they went. When close up to the enemy + General Anderson raised his sword, the gleam of which could be seen afar + in the sunlight. He ordered a charge, and well was it made. Up, up, and + into the jaws of death they moved. But to take the works was impossible. + The whole line was now engaged. Finally our forces fell back. Gen. + Anderson held his men in their line. They were not dismayed. He was + finally ordered to fall back, and did so. Peter, my son, was shot through + the lungs. Sullenly and coolly did our men fall back, with curses many and + loud against the blunder. + </p> + <p> + "This was the first repulse to our army, and forced the commander a few + days later to do what should have been done without the loss of so many + men. He moved around against Jones's flank, which caused him to abandon + his line and fall back to Chatham River, into his heavy intrenchments + prepared some time before. + </p> + <p> + "My son Peter, during the evening after the battle, had been conveyed to + the hospital. As soon as Gen. Anderson could do so, he started to find + him. He found young Whit-comb with my son, whom the General had sent + earlier to look after him; also, old Ham, who was in the rear during the + engagement, not far from the hospital. When the General entered, Peter + recognized and greeted him, but added: + </p> + <p> + "'General, my time has come. When I go, that will be the last finger but + one. My mother's dream; O! how true! how true! This is not unexpected to + me, my dear General. + </p> + <p> + "I have been waiting for it. This morning, when I found what our orders + were, I committed my soul to God, and felt this to be my time.' + </p> + <p> + "The General said to him that he thought there was a chance for him to get + well. + </p> + <p> + "'No, no,' replied Peter; 'I may linger some time. The doctor thinks there + is a chance for me; but, no; I am sure this is only the fulfilling of my + mother's dream.'" + </p> + <p> + At this recital the old man wept and walked out of the room. Very soon, + however, he returned, and continued: + </p> + <p> + "Why should I grieve? I will soon see them all. I am very sure that I will + meet my good and brave family again in a better world." + </p> + <p> + "Amen!" said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel said: "Peter always believed there was something in his + mother's dream; and while Gen. Anderson was trying to encourage him, old + Ham spoke up: + </p> + <p> + "'Marsa Gen'l, dey's no use. I tell you dat dream am a fac'. It is, sho', + an' Marsa Peter he know it. I 'terpret dat for him; 'deed I did. I not + fool on dat. But, den, we mus' take keer ob him. I 'spec' he go home an' + see he mudder and fader. I 'spec' me better go wid him and tend to him. + Don't you fought so too, Marsa Gen'l?' + </p> + <p> + "The General told Ham he would see about it. Peter began to improve, and + it really seemed as if he would recover. I was informed by Gen. Anderson + of Peter's misfortune, but kept it from my family, except Henry, who was + at home, as I before stated, in order to aid me in protecting the family, + the country being in such an alarming condition. The growing belief in the + final success of Silent against Laws was quieting the people somewhat. + </p> + <p> + "I made an excuse to the family, so that Henry was sent South to see Peter + and bring him home if he should be able to stand the journey. I obtained a + pass for Henry from the President by letter, and he started to find his + brother. He told Seraine, however, before he started, what his mission + was. She was discreet, and did not speak of it to any one. + </p> + <p> + "During this time Sherwood moved out, McFadden on the extreme right, + Scovens in the center, and Papson on the left. About six miles on the road + leading to the crossing of the Chatham River Papson encountered the enemy + and passed the compliments of the Fourth of July with them, firing his + artillery loaded with shell into their lines. The celebration was kept up + in this way by both sides during the day, but the loss was not great on + either side. + </p> + <p> + "Just at this time Gen. Russell, under orders, left De Kalb, Ala., with + 2,000 cavalry, passing through the country and meeting but little + obstruction on his way. He finally struck the railroad west of Opelima and + destroyed it for many miles, making a successful raid. He reported to + Sherwood at Henrietta, with hundreds of horses and mules, supposed to have + followed him, on his return. + </p> + <p> + "Stoner was also to the west of our forces hunting for railroads, bridges, + etc., which might be useful to the enemy. McCabe was with his cavalry on + Soap Run, and one other division under Garner at Ross Mills, to the left + of our main army. + </p> + <p> + "McFadden with his army now moved to the left, by Ross Mills, across + Chatham River and down to De Kalb by way of Stonington's Mountain. Scovens + crossed the Chatham River near the mouth of Soap Run, and thereby occupied + the center. Papson crossed at or above the railroad bridge. The whole army + was now safely across the river and moving in the direction of Gate City. + McFadden had reached De Kalb and there connected with Scovens, who had + extended near to the Howland House. Papson was not so far advanced, + leaving quite a distance between him and Scovens. + </p> + <p> + "As Papson lay at Crab Apple Run, the men carelessly taking their rest in + fancied security, they were furiously attacked by Head's Corps. At first + our men were scattered in confusion, but were soon in line again, and the + battle raged with great fury. After some two hours' hard fighting the + enemy fell back and again occupied their breast-works. The losses on both + sides were heavy for the length of time they were engaged. + </p> + <p> + "On the same afternoon Gen. Legg's division had a very sharp contest for a + high hill in an open field to the left and south of the railroad from the + east to Gate City. Legg secured this hill, which overlooked the city and + was the key to the situation on the east side. + </p> + <p> + "On the 22d a great battle was fought over this ground by McFadden's army, + which was severe and bloody, lasting well into the night. Thousands were + slain on both sides. The field almost ran with blood. Gen. McFadden fell + early in the day, and the command then devolved upon another. The battle + was a success to the Union troops. It was a great victory. Many prisoners + and a great quantity of munitions of war fell into the hands of our + troops. Gen. Sherwood for some reason remained at the Howland House during + this battle, with Scovens, whose forces were not engaged. This battle + cannot be properly described in this narrative, nor will I attempt it. + </p> + <p> + "On the 28th another great battle was fought by the same gallant army as + on the 22d, without assistance, at a place called Ezra's House, on the + extreme right of our lines. Having been ordered to move round to the rear + of Scovens and Papson, after the 22d, they struck the enemy. During this + engagement the enemy made as many as seven different assaults upon our + line, but were repulsed with great loss each time. Night closed in and + ended the contest. The next morning the dead of the enemy lay in front of + our lines in rows and in piles. The enemy having retreated during the + night, our troops buried their dead, which numbered hundreds. One of their + Color-Sergeants, of a Louisiana regiment, was killed, and his flag taken + by a boy of an Ohio regiment within twenty feet of our lines. + </p> + <p> + "Skirmishing and fighting continued around and about Gate City for nearly + a month, during which time the losses on both sides were very serious. The + latter part of August a general movement to the flank and rear of the + enemy was made by the whole of the united forces. McFadden's army, now + commanded by Hord, moved on the right in the direction of Jonesville, and + a terrific battle ensued, lasting for some four hours. They fought against + two corps of rebels, which were driven back and through Jonesville to the + southward. + </p> + <p> + "Late in the night a great noise of bursting shell was heard to the north + and east of Jonesville. The heavens seemed to be in a blaze. The red + glare, as it reflected in beauty against the sky, was beyond brush or word + painting. The noise was so terrific that all the troops on the right felt + sure that a night attack had been made on Pap-son and that a terrible + battle was being fought. Couriers were sent hurriedly to the left to + ascertain the cause, and about daylight information was received that Head—who + was in command of the rebel forces, having succeeded Jones—had blown + up all his magazines, burned his storehouses of supplies, evacuated Gate + City, and was marching with his army rapidly in the direction of Loveland + Station. + </p> + <p> + "Thus the great rebel stronghold, Gate City, had fallen and was ours. The + joy in our army was indescribable. Sherwood moved on Loveland Station and + skirmished with the enemy during one afternoon, but no battle ensued; why, + has often been asked by our best-informed men. Our troops moved back on + the same road by which they had advanced to and around Gate City, and then + went into camp, remaining during the month of September with but little + activity. + </p> + <p> + "One day, at Gen. Sherwood's headquarters, Gen. Anderson was asked by + Sherwood if he was ever in the Regular Army. Gen. Anderson replied in the + negative. + </p> + <p> + "Sherwood said: 'I am sorry for that, as I would like to give you a larger + command. You are certainly a good soldier.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well,' said Gen. Anderson, 'is it not good soldiers that you want?' + </p> + <p> + "'That is true,' said Sherwood; 'but we are compelled to make this + distinction, where we have those who are or have been in the old army, or + have been educated at the Military Academy.' + </p> + <p> + "'But, General, suppose a man is or has been in the Regular Army or + educated at the Military Academy, and is not a successful General, how + will you then decide?' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Gen. Anderson, we have studied war and know all about it; you have + not. We must rely upon those who make it a profession. Papson, Scovens and + myself have considered the matter, and we cannot trust volunteers to + command large forces. We are responsible, you know.' + </p> + <p> + "'But, General, you seem to trust volunteers where there is hard fighting + to do, or where there is any desperate assault to be made.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, that is true; but we cannot afford to allow volunteers to be put + over Regular officers; Regulars do not like it, and we cannot do it.' + </p> + <p> + "'I have seen some of your volunteer officers and soldiers succeed where + your Regulars have failed. Should not such men be as much entitled to the + credit as if they were professional or Regular Army soldiers?' + </p> + <p> + "'There may be cases of that kind; but we will not discuss this further. I + can only say that while we have Regulars to command our armies, we will + see to it that they are given the places.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson was very angry, but said no more except 'good-by.' + </p> + <p> + "By this time Peter had so far recovered that the Surgeon felt it to be + safe to remove him. Henry, who had remained with him all this time, now + brought him home, with old Ham's assistance. Henry had kept me posted by + letter, and it was very hard at times to explain his absence. But when he + reached home, and the truth was revealed to my good wife, she was almost + frantic, and was unable to sit up. She talked continually of her dear son, + and was haunted day and night by her dream. Peter gained strength very + rapidly. The members of the household were at his service at all times. + The children could not understand so many coming home shot as they termed + it, and little Mary Anderson was continually inquiring of her mamma about + her dear papa, and if he was shot again! Our family had all become so + nervous that I was continually on the alert for fear of sickness being + produced by the constant strain. + </p> + <p> + "Old Ham and Aunt Martha had many things to say to each other. Ham's + experiences in battle very greatly amused Aunt Martha. They were both very + kind to Peter, but wore very serious countenances in our presence. Ham + would only talk to me about Peter, and would always say: 'I hopes dat + Marsa Peter git well, but I fears. Marsa Lyon, I tell's you dat dream of + de Madam, dat am bery bad. I fears de time am mighty nigh come.' + </p> + <p> + "Aunt Martha did not express any opinion, but would shake her head. Peter + kept the two little girls by him nearly all the time, petting them, but + conversed very seldom. He would talk to his mother occasionally, to keep + her mind away from her horrible dream. + </p> + <p> + "About the 1st of October we learned of the movements of large bodies of + the enemy's cavalry in Tennessee, raiding the railroads to the rear of + Sherwood's army. Head had thrown his army across Chatham River, below Gate + City, to the north, and moved parallel to the railroad, so that he could + strike and destroy our lines of communication at various points. Sherwood + was compelled to follow him. Our forces were stationed on the railroad at + many places. Gen. G. B. Ream, with one division, held Carter Station, + Etwau Bridge, Alletooning, Ainsworth, King's City, Adamsville, Sarco, and + north to Dallytown. Chatteraugus was held by Gen. Sleman with his + division, and Romulus by Cortez. All had orders to support any point that + should be attacked. Gen. Ream was of the opinion that Head would strike + the railroad at Alletooning, where a great quantity of supplies were + stored. + </p> + <p> + "Sherwood left Somers with his corps at Gate City and started north. He + arrived at Henrietta Just as Gen. Ream had got Cortez with his command at + Alletooning. Head was advancing on Alletooning by rapid marches. He + assaulted the garrison at once on his command's arrival The assault was + made with great determination, but it was not successful. His loss was + very great. He drew off and at once moved in the direction of Romulus. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Sherwood reached Carter Station, and was directing his movement in + order to protect the railroad and no more. Gen. Ream insisted to Gen. + Sherwood that Head's next move would be against Sarco. Sherwood did not + think Head would cross the Cussac River, and so commenced his march on + Romulus by way of King's City, and left the matter of protecting Sarco to + Gen. Ream, who procured trains and started all the troops he could get + together for that place. That night on the way they found the track torn + up. This was soon repaired, and the troops proceeded. At five o'clock Gen. + Head arrived in front of Sarco and demanded its surrender. Gen. Ream, + learning this, took the troops from the cars and marched from Cahoon, + sending the trains back for more re-enforcements. By daylight our troops + were in the fort and on the skirmish-line at Sarco. + </p> + <p> + "Ream at once sent word to Gen. Sherwood that Head was present with his + army in front of Sarco, and would like to pay his respects. About daylight + Head opened his artillery upon the forts, and sent forward his + skirmish-line. In the garrison every effort was made to impress Head with + the idea that Sherwood's main force was present. Every flag was displayed + on the forts and along the skirmish-line. Head kept up a continuous fire + on the forts during the day. Late in the afternoon re-enforcements + arrived. There were but 500; this was enough, however, to show that + re-enforcements were coming. The firing was kept up the most of the night; + the next morning the enemy was gone. + </p> + <p> + "He passed around Sarco and struck the railroad north of this place and + dismantled it for many miles, capturing every garrison north from Sarco to + Turner's Hill. Turning west from there he passed through Snake Gap, moving + in the direction of Alabama. Gen. Sherwood arrived at Sarco very soon and + was gratified that the place, with its great quantity of supplies, was + safe. He at once pushed out through Snake Gap in pursuit of Head. + </p> + <p> + "The next place that Head presented himself with his army was in front of + our garrison at De Kalb, Ala. He withdrew, however, and crossed into + Tennessee, where he rested for near a month, collecting supplies and + recruiting his army. + </p> + <p> + "Sherwood halted his army, and while resting made such dispositions as + were in accordance with the plan to be followed out in the near future. + </p> + <p> + "In the meantime the excitement in the North was very great. Jacob + Thomlinson had returned from Europe and was again in Canada with a large + sum of money, which was freely used in all the States North in attempting + to elect the Democratic candidate, 'Little Mack,' for President—the + man that Thomlinson had suggested in the meeting of the leaders of the + 'Sons of Liberty' at St. Catharines, Canada, of which I have heretofore + spoken. Mobs were now frequent, and bad blood was stirred up all over the + country. + </p> + <p> + "Finding the condition of things very unsatisfactory, I suggested to Henry + that he make a short visit to Canada. He did so, and returned to Allentown + four days before the Presidential election. He had met Wintergreen, who + had returned from England with Thomlinson. He disclosed to Henry the fact + that the rebels were greatly depressed, and were using all the money they + could to defeat the war candidate, Mr. Lincoln; and that the night before + the election a raid would be made on all the Northern prisons, so that + released prisoners might burn and destroy, and thereby cause such alarm on + the day of the election as to prevent as many as possible from going to + the polls. At the same time their friends were to be in possession of the + polls wherever they could. In this way they had hopes of carrying the + election. + </p> + <p> + "I sent this report to the President by letter, which he received in time + to have all the prison guards re-enforced. The attempt was made, however, + but defeated in every instance. In Chicago they were very near + accomplishing their designs. They had cut the water pipes and were making + preparations for the burning of the city. But the attack on the camp was + thwarted, and the leaders arrested and put in prison. John Wall, of whom I + have heretofore spoken, was one of the leaders, and was captured and + imprisoned. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Lincoln was triumphantly elected. Mr. Jacob Thomlinson's friend, + 'Little Mack,' as he called him, was ingloriously defeated. This + indorsement by the people of the war measures and the manner of their + execution was cheering to our loyal people, as well as to the armies and + their commanders. + </p> + <p> + "Soon after the election Sherwood abandoned pursuing Head, leaving the + States of Tennessee and Kentucky, with Head's army scattered along the + main thoroughfares, to be looked after by Papson, with his forces, + preferring himself to take the Armies of the Tennessee and Georgia and cut + loose and march unobstructed to the Sea. On the march, food for the troops + and animals was found in abundance, making this march really a picnic the + most of the way. + </p> + <p> + "While Sherwood was making this march, matters of great interest were + going on in Tennessee. On the last day of November the enemy, maddened by + disappointment in their failure in the North to carry the election and + have their Confederacy recognized, concluded to risk their all in a great + battle for the recapture of the State of Tennessee. Head, then in command + of an army increased to nearly 50,-000, moved across Goose Run and against + our forces at Franktown, where he at once assaulted Scovens, who had been + sent to oppose his advance. Our troops were behind intrenchments. He + attacked with fearful desperation. At no time during the war did any + commander on either side make a more furious and desperate assault than + was made by Head. After forming his lines in double column, he moved right + up to our works, where his men were mowed down by the hundreds. Gen. Pat + Cleber charged time and again with his division, and hurled them against + our works only to be as often driven back with great slaughter. At last, + in a fit of desperation, he led his men up to the very mouths of our + cannon and the muzzles of our muskets. He drove his spurs into his horse + until his forefeet rested on our parapet. In this position he and his + horse were riddled with bullets and fell into the trench, which was + literally running with blood. The desperation of the enemy was such that + they continued their murderous but ineffectual assaults until their men + were exhausted as well as dismayed at their great loss. Thirteen of his + commanding officers fell killed and wounded. Night forced him to desist. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning his men could not be brought to the slaughter again. The + bloody battle ended and Scoven's men withdrew to Nashua, three miles to + the South of which place Papson's army was intrenched. Wellston, in + command of about 8,000 cavalry, covered both flanks of our forces. It was + now getting along in December. The enemy moved forward and intrenched in + the front and within two miles of Papson. The weather became very bad for + any kind of movement. It rained, hailed, and sleeted until the country + around and about them became very muddy and swampy, and at times covered + with a sheet of sleet and ice. Papson hesitated to attack and Head could + not retreat; so there the two armies lay shivering in the cold, suffering + very greatly, both fearing to take any decisive steps. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent became quite impatient, believing it to be the time to + strike, as the enemy could not get away. Finally he concluded to relieve + Papson, but notified him of his order. Papson now made ready for an + assault. His command was posted as follows: Gen. A. J. Smithers on the + right, who was to assault the enemy's left, supported by Wellston's + cavalry; Ward was to support Smithers on his left, acting against Monterey + Hill, on the Hillston road; Scovens was to hold the interior line, being + the defense of Nashua. When the time arrived, all being in readiness, the + order was given. The enemy seemed to be totally unaware of the movement. + Smithers and Wellston moved out along the pike. Wheeling to the left they + at once advanced against the enemy. The cavalry first struck the enemy at + the Harden House, near Rich Earth Creek, and drove him back, capturing + many prisoners. One of Smithers's divisions moving with the cavalry, + captured two of the enemy's strong advance positions, with about 400 + prisoners. + </p> + <p> + "At this time Scovens's Corps was put in on Smithers's right, and the + advance was then made by the whole line. Ward's Corps now found the enemy + to Smithers's left, and Gen. Anderson led his command against Monterey + Hill and carried it, capturing a number of prisoners. Ward's Corps at once + advanced against the main line of the enemy, and after a bloody contest + carried it, capturing a great many prisoners, a number of pieces of + artillery, and many stands of colors. The enemy was now driven out of his + entire line of works and fell back to a second line at the base of Harpan + Hills, holding his line of retreat by way of Franktown. Night closed in + and stopped again the play of death. Our forces were now in possession of + sixteen pieces of artillery, with many officers and 1,200 prisoners, not + including wounded. Our troops bivouacked on their line of battle in order + to be ready for any movement in the morning. + </p> + <p> + "Ward's Corps at six in the morning moved south from Nashua, striking the + enemy and driving him some five miles, to Overton's Hill, where he had + thrown up works and was making a stand. Gen. Sleman now moved rapidly to + Gen. Ward's left. Scovens remained in his position of the last night. + Wellston moved to the enemy's rear and drew up his line across one of the + Franktown roads. + </p> + <p> + "About two o'clock one brigade of Ward's Corps, supported by Sleman's + division, assaulted Overton's Hill, which was the enemy's center. One of + Sleman's brigades was composed of colored troops. The ground over which + they had to assault was open. The enemy re-enforced his center. The + assault was made, but received by the enemy with a terrible shower of + grape, canister and musketry. Our forces moved steadily on, not wavering + in the least, until they had nearly reached the crest of the hill, when + the reserves of the enemy arose from behind their works and opened one of + the most destructive fires ever witnessed, causing our troops to first + halt and then fall back, leaving many dead and wounded, both black and + white indiscriminately, in the abatis and on the field. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Ward immediately re-formed his command, and all the forces of the + army moved simultaneously against the enemy's works, carrying every + position, breaking the lines in many places, and driving him in utter rout + from his position, capturing all his artillery and thousands of prisoners, + among whom were many officers, including four Generals. Ward and Wellston + pursued the fleeing enemy until by capture and other means Head's army was + entirely destroyed and wiped out of existence as an organization. It + appeared no more in the history of the great rebellion. Thus were + destroyed all the formidable forces of the enemy in the West. The army of + Papson now went into Winter quarters at different points which were + thought necessary to be garrisoned. + </p> + <p> + "Peter, by this time, was growing very weak, having had a relapse, + resulting in a very serious hemorrhage. At his request I had telegraphed + Gen. Papson, stating his great desire to see Gen. Anderson. Upon the + receipt of which, leave was immediately granted the General and he came + home, bringing Lieut. Whitcomb with him. On the way home people greeted + him everywhere with shouts of joy. They could now see that the end was + near, and they were overflowing with gratitude and good feeling. + </p> + <p> + "On their arrival you can imagine the joy of our household. The meeting + between him and Peter was most touching. Both wept like children. All were + much affected; even the two little children wept and sobbed aloud at the + bedside of their Uncle Peter. My wife was quite feeble. She greeted the + General as one of her own sons, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Our dear Peter is not going to live. I see it all, and I pray God that + he may take me also.' + </p> + <p> + "The General encouraged Peter all he could. Ham and Aunt Martha were as + delighted to see the General as were any of his family. We all tried to be + cheerful and in good spirits, but it was very hard to do this under the + circumstances. + </p> + <p> + "The next day after the General reached home he inquired of Ham why he did + not return to the army. Ham said: + </p> + <p> + "'I fuss done thought I would, and den I knowed I be no use, kase you so + far off, and I feared I not jes' safe gwine trough dem Sesh lines down + dar; and den I knowed, too, dat you kin git as many niggers as you wants + dat am jes' as good as Ham is, 'ceptin when you done wants good tings to + eat, sech like as chickens. Ham can allers get dem when dey is 'round and + skeered of the Sesh. I all de time noticed dey is powerful feared ob de + Sesh', Marsa Lyon. De General know dat am so.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Ham, you must be ready to go back with me when I return.' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh, yes, Marsa; oh, yes! I go all right; I will, sho' as you is bawn. + But I tells you dat Marsa Peter am powerful bad, he am, sho'. I dream it + all out las' night. Missus, she be right in dat. He be agoin' dis time, + and no mistake. Dat dream ob de Missus be all come 'round.' + </p> + <p> + "'That will do, Ham; you go and talk to Aunt Martha about your dreams.' + </p> + <p> + "'All right, Marsa, all right, sah; but you mine what I tole you.' + </p> + <p> + "The next day Joseph Dent came in, and we had a long conversation on the + subject of the war, the Golden Circle and the Sons of Liberty. He said + that they were alarmed, and quite a number had refused to meet recently, + but that the Grand Commander had issued a call for a meeting to be held in + Canada some time soon, where many of the leading men were again to + assemble and take into consideration some new plan for aiding the + rebellion. After he left for home the General, Henry and I consulted as to + the best plan to get at what those men in Canada were working up. They had + tried mobs and riots in New York and other places, had tried releasing + prisoners, burning and destroying cities, scattering disease in our + hospitals, and army raids, guerrilla warfare, etc., and had failed in all. + Now what next? We thought that it would be best for Henry and Seraine to + return to Detroit; that Henry again should visit Canada, and, by him the + information could be communicated to me. This being understood, they left + the next day. James Whitcomb, having gone immediately home on his arrival + at Allentown, would be with his parents and Seraine, while Henry should + visit in Canada. + </p> + <p> + "Peter was now apparently improving and we felt he might possibly recover. + The news of Sherwood's safe arrival at the Sea having been received, the + people were greatly rejoiced. They felt that the Spring campaign would + probably end the rebellion. The country was full of hope and the drooping + spirits of anxious people were much revived. Things went on in this way + and our family enjoyed themselves as best they could. Mary Anderson and + Jennie Lyon, David's widow, and the two little girls, made our home as + pleasant as possible But my poor wife grew weaker all the time, which gave + us much concern. + </p> + <p> + "Henry had arrived in Canada, and again found his friend Wintergreen. They + were now visiting different places. Henry had written Seraine and she came + down to Allentown, spending two days with us, and at the same time posting + the General and myself as to the movements of the conspirators. Thomlinson + had called the leaders of the Northern Sons of Liberty to again assemble + at St. Catharines the last Thursday in January. Henry had concluded to + remain and learn fully their intentions and schemes. I told Seraine to say + to him that his proposition to remain was approved. I sent to the + President the information and Henry's intention, in answer to which I + received a very kind and touching letter from one of his Secretaries, + exhibiting great sympathy for my family and deploring our misfortunes. + </p> + <p> + "Time moved on, and the General was preparing to leave for his command, + when Peter became very much worse; and, also, my wife was growing weaker + and losing her mind. Peter was coughing very often and having slight + hemorrhages. The physician pronounced him to be in a very critical + condition. One morning Aunt Martha came running into the parlor where the + family were sitting, and with much anxiety cried out: + </p> + <p> + "'Marsa Lyon and Marsa Gen'l, come to Marsa Peter, quick; 'cause he bleed + to deff if you not hurry.' + </p> + <p> + "We ran to him quickly. He was bleeding profusely, holding his head over + the edge of the bed. He could only speak in a gurgling whisper. He took me + by the hand and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Father, it is all over with me; soon there will be but one finger left.' + </p> + <p> + "We laid him back on the pillow, and without another word or struggle he + passed away. Good bless my poor son!" + </p> + <p> + "Amen!" said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + Uncle Daniel soon proceeded, saying: "But, my good friends, this was not + my only grief. We tried to keep his death from his mother. She, in her + delirium, was constantly speaking of her dear son Peter, and crying. She + seemed to have no thought except of Peter and the constant shadow of her + dream. The day of Peter's funeral her reason seemed to return and her + strength revived. She asked for all of us to come into her room, and we + did so. When she saw that Peter was not with us, she inquired why. I + answered that he could not come. I then broke down and left her room + weeping. She saw it, and, with strength that she had not shown for many + weeks, arose, and leaping to the floor rushed past all into the parlor, + and there saw Peter lying a corpse. She shrieked and fell on his remains. + We lifted her and carried her back to her bed. She was dead!" + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0025" id="linkimage-0025"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0382.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Mrs. Lyon Dies at Peter's Coffin 382 " /> + </div> + <p> + Uncle Daniel sank back into his chair overcome with his sorrows. The + severe trials through which he had passed, re-called again, opened the + flood of sorrow, which well nigh swept him away. We withdrew for the + present, with intense sympathy for the old hero and a feeling that the + Government had sadly neglected him. + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0019" id="link2HCH0019"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIX. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + THE SCHEME TO CAPTURE OR KILL THE PRESIDENT AND GEN. + SILENT.—A VILLANOUS PLOT.—THE RECKLESS AND DESPERATE + SCHEMES OF THE CONSPIRATORS.—THE PLAN REVEALED.—THE + PRESIDENT AND GEN. SILENT WARNED OF THEIR DANGER. + + "I could a tale unfold, whose lightest word + Would harrow up thy soul, freeze up thy young body." + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + "The death of my son Peter and my beloved wife cast such a deep gloom over + our household that it seemed we never could rally again to do anything for + ourselves or our country. Gen. Anderson returned to his command a sad and + despondent man. He had left Ham to look after things for us at home, our + family now being reduced to Jennie Lyon, Mary Anderson, the two children, + Ham, Martha and myself. We were lonely in the extreme, and seemed, for + some cause undis-coverable to us, to be drinking the bitter dregs from the + poisoned chalice. Ham and Aunt Martha saw my distress and tried in their + honest and simple way to pour consolation into my soul. The little + children, in their childish simplicity, seemed to be the only fountain + whence I could drink draughts of comfort in my lonely hours of distress. + Seraine came to our house to attend the funeral, as Henry could not reach + home in time to be with us and see the last of his mother and brother. I + wrote him by his wife and directed him to remain. He came to Detroit + terribly broken down with grief, and returned, sad and dejected, to + Canada. He was frequently interrogated as to the cause of his melancholy, + but parried it as best he could. + </p> + <p> + "About the 12th of February he returned to Detroit, and, bringing Seraine + with him, came to my house. Our meeting was mixed with joy and sadness. + The ladies, as well as my myself, were very much gratified at having dear + Seraine (as we all called her) with us again. She conversed so sensibly on + the subject of our misfortunes that she made us almost feel that they must + be for our good. + </p> + <p> + "As soon as we could do so, Henry and I sat down to talk over the + situation in Canada and the schemes of the conspirators. He reported to me + all he had seen or heard on the question of the war, stating in the + beginning that there was no time to lose. When he found Wintergreen they + set out for a trip through Canada. After visiting many places and meeting + various persons from the South who had been in Canada for the purpose of + aiding in carrying the Presidential election in favor of the anti-war or + Democratic party, but who had not been able to return since the election, + and were waiting, Micawber-like, for something to turn up, they had + finally arrived at Montreal, where they again met Joseph Thomlinson and + quite a number of faces to them unfamiliar. These persons were evidently + there for some purpose looking to the success of the rebellion. Thomlinson + received them kindly, inquired of Winter-green how he felt since his + return from London, and asked many questions about certain people at + Windsor. Henry was also interrogated as to how matters looked to him, to + which he answered that the signs were not so favorable as heretofore. + </p> + <p> + "Thomlinson went into a long disquisition on the recent campaigns. He + denounced Gen. Head, who had been so utterly destroyed by Papson, as a + 'brainless ass,' and spoke of Gen. Laws as having lost much of his vigor + and daring. He said that if Gen. Wall, their greatest General, was alive, + he would drive Silent out of Virginia in one month. He said that the + re-election of Lincoln was a severe blow to them; that they had been + deceived by their Northern friends. They had been led to believe that + there was no doubt of Little Mac's election, with a liberal expenditure of + money; that he had drawn checks and paid out for that purpose on behalf of + the Confederacy $1,100,000, and seemed to think that unless measures were + taken at once to strike consternation into the hearts of the Northern + people all would be lost; that the President of the Confederacy and his + Cabinet had been all along expecting some great result from the efforts of + their Northern allies, and especially from the efforts of Valamburg and + Thomas A. Strider. + </p> + <p> + "'True,' he said, 'Valamburg had been very much hampered by the suspicions + resting upon him in the minds of the people, but it was not so with + Strider. He could have done a great deal more if he had not been so timid. + He (Strider) seemed to think that he could secure the success of the + Confederacy by crippling the U. S. Government in opposing legislation and + breeding strife and jealousies in the Union armies. 'But,' he continued, + 'Lincoln is an old fox, and soon smelled out those little devices of + Strider. He has completely checkmated him and his friends who were acting + on his line, by relieving from command all those who were playing into + Stridor's hands, and has put in their places a set of fanatics, who are + fighting on moral grounds alone.' + </p> + <p> + "He spoke of Silent as a man who did not value life or anything else, + saying that he was a superstitious man, who believed that he was merely an + instrument in the hands of the Almighty to wipe out slavery. Not only so, + but believed that he was guided and directed in all his movements by the + mysterious hand of Providence. So he (Thomlinson) could not see the use of + relying longer on any satisfactory result to come from the course being + pursued by their Northern friends. He said they must act more openly, + energetically and promptly, if they were to help the Confederacy. + </p> + <p> + "There were two men present that Henry thought he had seen somewhere + before, but could not place them. One was a medium-sized man, with rather + dark complexion, dark hair, eyes and mustache. He was introduced as a Mr. + Wilkes. The other was a young man, perhaps thirty years of age, slight, + with brown hair, blue eyes and no beard, named John Page. These two men + seemed nervous and uneasy; they conversed but little. The man Wilkes + remarked that there was but one way, which was a part of every + insurrection, and he was in favor of that way. Page agreed with him, both + seeming to understand the proposition; yet it was not stated in the + conversation at that time what Wilkes meant by 'but one way.' + </p> + <p> + "Thomlinson made no answer to Wilkes or Page, but continued by saying: + </p> + <p> + "'I have called the leading men of our organization to meet again at St. + Catharines, on the first Tuesday in February, and at that time there must + be some scheme devised and agreed upon that will turn the scale, or all + will be lost, and we will all be wandering vagabonds over the face of the + earth.' + </p> + <p> + "Henry inquired if Mr. Carey was in the city. Thomlin-son said no; that he + was in Richmond, but would be at their meeting if he could get through the + lines, in doing which they had met with no trouble heretofore. + Winter-green said that the people where he had been, who were friendly, + were now very despondent and greatly alarmed for the safety of Richmond, + as well as the Confederacy; that everything seemed to be against them of + late. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' replied Thomlinson, 'we have much to discourage us, and at the + same time all can be regained that we have lost if our friends will settle + upon some good plan and carry it out. But it does seem that all our plans + and schemes so far have been abortive. Our first great scheme of burning + the Northern cities failed by the burning of the Will-o'-the-Wisp and the + loss of Dr. Mears and Prof. McCul-lough; and also of the material + accumulated by Dr. Black-man. We stirred up riots in New York city and + elsewhere in opposition to the draft, with a promise from Valamburg, + Strider, McMasterson, and B. Wudd that our friends would come to the + rescue and make resistance everywhere.. But these men failed to stand by + their promises. The inaugurating of riots and the employment of men to + engage in them cost the Confederacy $500,000. We undertook to release + prisoners from all the Northern prisons, We purchased arms and smuggled + them to our friends sufficient to have armed all the prisoners. This was + all that was wanting, our friends North stated to me; but when the time + came, which was the last night before the Presidential election, at Camp + Chase the effort was too feeble to be recognized, and at Chicago, where we + were assured that the prisoners would be released and the city burned and + destroyed, what was the result? They cut one or two water-pipes, and Wall, + Greenfel and Buckner were arrested. All our arms were found in Wall's + cellar, and taken possession of by our enemies. Mr. Eagle and Mr. N. Judy + Corn-ington were not on hand, neither as actors nor advisers; and so it + is. The arms, ammunition and hire for smuggling them through cost a half + million dollars. This kind of work will not do. It is not only expensive, + but fruitless.' + </p> + <p> + "He then stated to those present that he wished them all to attend the + next meeting, as mentioned, and to study up in the meantime, some + well-defined plan for successful operations. Henry and Wintergreen left + for other points, and returned to St. Catharines on the day appointed for + the meeting, where they met with many additional persons, strangers to + both of them. The delegates assembled in the same hall, in the rear of the + Victoria Hotel, as before. They were called to order by the Grand + Commander of the Sons of Liberty, Mr. Valamburg, of Dayburg, O. All were + seated and the roll was then called by Wintergreen, who was the Secretary. + </p> + <p> + "Illinois was first called. Wm. Spangler and John Richardson answered; + from Indiana, Messrs. Dorsing and Bowlin; Ohio, Valamburg and Massey; + Pennsylvania, Wovelson and Moore; New York, McMasterson and B. Wudd; + Missouri, Col. Burnett and Marmalade; Kansas, Stringfelter; Iowa, Neal + Downing; Wisconsin, Domblazer; Nebraska, Martin; Arkansas, Walters; + Connecticut, Eastman; Vermont, Phillips; Massachusetts, Perry; Maine, + Pillbox; Rhode Island, no answer; New Jersey, Rogers. Prom Richmond, for + the South, there were Thomlinson and C. C. Carey, the latter having just + arrived. Other names, not remembered, save those of Messrs. Wilkes and + Page, who were admitted as representing the District of Columbia. + </p> + <p> + "After the necessary examinations were made by a committee, the persons + mentioned, with several others, were admitted to seats in the assembly. + Henry was selected by Wintergreen to assist him in his duties as + Secretary. The preliminaries being settled, the Chairman (Valamburg) was + quite severe in his strictures against Dan Bowen, Thos. A. Strider, C. H. + Eagle and N. Judy Cornington for not attending, saying he had letters from + each of those gentlemen promising to be present. He characterized their + conduct as cowardly and they as sunshine friends, which was loudly + applauded by all. + </p> + <p> + "After remarks by quite a number of delegates on the situation and + probabilities of the success of the Confederacy, which were generally + tinged with ill-forebodings, a committee of five was appointed to take + into consideration and report to the assembly ways and means by which the + rebellion could be materially assisted. This report was to be submitted + the next day at 12 o'clock. The meeting then adjourned until that time. + </p> + <p> + "During the evening a variety of discussions were indulged in by various + delegates in favor of different schemes. Some went so far as to favor the + assassination of many of our leading men. Wilkes, Page, and quite a number + of persons from the South were in favor of assassinating the President and + Gen. Silent, with such others as the necessity of the case demanded. And + so the conversation and discussions ran until the meeting of delegates the + next day. + </p> + <p> + "At 12 o'clock the assembly was called to order by Valamburg. When the + roll had been called and all were quiet, the Chairman inquired of the + committee if they were ready to report. The Chairman, Mr. Carey, arose + with great dignity and responded that the committee, after due + consideration of the many suggestions submitted to them, were now ready to + report. He was invited to take the stand, which he did. + </p> + <p> + "He said that, preliminary to reporting, he desired to make an + explanation, which was as follows: That on his return from Montreal to + Richmond, since the Presidential election, in viewing the many disasters + that had recently befallen the Confederacy, the authorities at Richmond + suggested to him to ascertain if he could communicate in some way with the + newly elected Vice-President, and discover his attitude towards the people + of the South. This was accomplished by sending one of the Vice-President's + old friends from North Carolina to Nashua, who being a citizen, and not in + any way connected with the Confederate army, easily passed through the + Union lines to Nashua, where the Vice-President-elect was residing at the + time. There was no difficulty in agreeing to an interview between himself + and Carey, it being understood that Carey was to pass into Nashua in + disguise and let the Vice-President know in some way where he was + stopping, and the interview was then to be arranged. In pursuance of this + agreement, Carey made the trip to Nashua disguised as a Louis City + merchant, and passing by the name of Thos. E. Hope. He had no difficulty + in getting into Nashua, but for fear of recognition, went directly to the + house of a rebel friend by the name of Hanson, and remained in a room in + the rear of the second story of the house. Through the lady of the house + the Vice-President elect was informed of the presence of Mr. Carey. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning the Vice-President visited the house of Mr. Hanson, and + he and Carey had the contemplated interview. Carey said that in the + interview the Vice-President contended for peace on the terms of a + restored Union, but agreed with the Democrats of the North that the + restoration should be on the basis of the old Constitution. Carey said + that in answer to the question as to what he would do if he were + President, the Vice-President said that he would restore the Union if he + could on the old basis, but that the people were tired of war and taxes, + and that unless Silent could drive Laws out of Richmond, capture it, and + destroy the Confederate army during the next Spring campaign, the + Confederacy must be recognized and the war ended. + </p> + <p> + "At this the assembly heartily cheered. Carey also said that in answer to + the question as to the powers of the Vice-President, in case of the + absence of the President, if he should be so situated that he could not + return to perform the duties of the office, the Vice-President replied + that such a case as stated would certainly come under the provision of the + Constitution, wherein it is recited that in case of the death, + resignation, or inability of the President to discharge the powers and + duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President; + that under such circumstances he should at once assume the duties of the + office, but hoped that such a case would not arise while he was + Vice-President. + </p> + <p> + "Carey stated that the Vice-President said that he had always been a Union + man, but that he was a Democrat, and had never been anything else, and did + not propose to be; that he was placed on the Republican ticket without + being consulted. Therefore he did not feel under any obligations to that + party. He also stated that he recognized the fact that when it was evident + that the Union could be held together only by subjugating the people of + the South, it was statesmanship to let them go, and stop further + bloodshed. This also brought applause. + </p> + <p> + "Carey further stated that the Vice-President expressed a willingness to + meet privately with any of our leading men of the South at any time when + and where it could be done without danger to either party. With this the + interview ended. When the parties separated the Vice-President bade him + good-by and grasped his hand in the most friendly and cordial manner. He + said if Carey should experience any trouble in getting back to Richmond to + let him know. + </p> + <p> + "Carey left the next morning, and returning to Richmond reported the + interview precisely as it occurred, at which the authorities were greatly + pleased, and thought it opened a way for success, knowing the character of + the man, his stubbornness, his egotism, and that he possessed a belief + that he was destined to be President of the United States at some time. It + was not intended to say any more to him than to ascertain his views on a + given state of facts, and having accomplished this much, the authorities + at Richmond felt sure that if the President of the United States could by + some means be captured and spirited away, and Silent also, or either of + them, the success of the Confederacy would be assured beyond question. In + the event of the capture and hiding away of the President, the + Vice-President would surely assume the powers and duties of President. The + friends of the Confederacy in Congress could then so cripple the + Government that no doubt could longer exist of success. He said it was + thought that in the event the President could not be captured, a party + could be organized who could, without much risk, surprise and capture Gen. + Silent. This done, Laws would at once assume the aggressive, drive Meador + and his army back on Washington, and continue the war beyond the next + Spring, so that the friends of the Confederacy could regain strength, and, + with the Vice-President in favor of the recognition of the Confederate + Government, it could not be longer postponed. But the great thing to be + accomplished, he said, was the capture of Mr. Lincoln; that would end all + controversy. + </p> + <p> + "This seemed to strike the audience, and they cheered the proposition. + Carey then stated that this was the first proposition the committee + desired to present. He had other important ones, however, that must be + considered by the assembly. While in Richmond he found many men of great + courage and daring who were ready to do anything to bring success if they + could be sustained and protected. The authorities gave him the proposals + and directed him to lay them before this assembly. + </p> + <p> + "The second was made by a foreigner—a man of good family in Europe, + and a most daring and courageous man, an educated soldier, who had been + successful in very many daring enterprises heretofore. His proposition was + read to the assembly, being a verbatim copy of the one this party had made + to the President of the Confederacy through the Confederate Secretary of + War, which was as follows: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + "'Secretary of War of the Southern Confederacy. + + "'Sir: In reference to the subject upon which I had the + honor to converse with you yesterday, and on account of + which you bade me call to-day, I take herewith the freedom + to address this most respectful writing to you. Your Honor + seemed to hesitate in giving me an affirmative answer to my + statement because I was unknown to you. Permit me to remark + that, notwithstanding I can give you no references in this + country, I am, nevertheless, worthy of your high confidence. + My grandfather, Maj. Baron De Kalb, fell in the + Revolutionary War of this country. * * * I received an + education proportionate to the means of my parents, and + served in the Crimean war as Second Lieutenant of Engineers. + * * * I landed in Quebec, Canada, in November last, and + arrived in Washington, D. C, about three weeks ago. I cannot + perceive why you should require any references or + confidence, for I do not expect personally to reap any + benefit before the strict performance of what I undertake. + The task I know is connected with some danger, but never + will it, in any event, become known in the North that the + Southern Confederacy had anything whatever to do with it. + + "'The whole matter resolves itself, therefore, into this one + question: Does the Southern Confederacy consider the + explosion of the Federal Capitol at a time when Abe, his + myrmidons, and the Northern Congress are all assembled + together, of sufficient importance to grant me, in case of + success, a commission as Colonel of Topographical Engineers, + and the sum of $1,000,000? If so, your Honor may most + explicitly expect the transaction to be carried into + execution between the 4th and 6th of the month. * * * I + trust you will not press in regard to the manner in which I + intend to perform it, or anything connected with the + execution. + + "'In case of an affirmative answer there is no time to + spare; and to show you still further my sincerity, I will + even refrain from asking for any pecuniary assistance in + carrying the project through, notwithstanding my means are, + for such an undertaking, very limited, and that some funds + would materially lighten my task, diminish the danger, and + doubly insure success. * * * I intend to throw myself at a + convenient place into Maryland and to enter Washington by + way of Baltimore. + + "'Very respectfully, your obedient servant, "' + + (Signed) + C. L. V. DeKalb.' +</pre> + <p> + "Carey said that this man was in the employ of the Confederacy, but that + the authorities would not adopt his scheme without the indorsement of + their Northern friends, so that those friends could have warning and not + be endangered at the time. This man being a foreigner, and not + understanding the situation, regarded all Northern men alike and would + destroy one as soon as another. Therefore, those having the authority to + do so, would not accept the proposition unless due notice could be + secretly given, under the obligations of the Sons of Liberty, to their + friends in Congress. Carey said he thought this a very dangerous + undertaking on account of the friends who might be imperiled, but felt + that there was no doubt but it could be accomplished. + </p> + <p> + "Walters spoke up at this point, saying this proposition was not feasible + at all, and a number assented to his remark. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Carey said the third proposition was also in the form of a + communication, and was placed in his hands by the authorities in Richmond + for consideration by the Northern friends, and was in the following + language, which he proceeded to read: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + "'Boston P.O., Ga. "'Jefferson Davis. + + "'Sir: Having a desire to be of benefit to the Southern + States is the only excuse I can offer for addressing you + this letter; and believing the best plan would be to dispose + of the leading characters of the North, for that reason I + have experimented in certain particulars that will do this + without difficulty; although it is quite an underhanded + manner of warfare, and not knowing whether it would meet + with your approbation or not, prevents me from giving you a + full account of the material used, although I believe any + one of them would take the life of a Southern man in any way + they could. If you wish, write to me and get the whole + process. + + "'Hoping for your good health and future victory. "' + + (Signed) + J. S. Paramore.' +</pre> + <p> + "Said Carey: 'This man was sent for and closely examined as to what he + proposed, and by the experiments made by our best scientists they were of + opinion that his plan could be made a success, as the process was without + doubt effective. The question, however, was not as to the process by which + this could be done, but must we resort to it? Had all other means failed?' + </p> + <p> + "The other proposition was on the same line, but proposing a different + mode of execution, which Carey also read: + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + "'Headquarters 63d Ga. Reg't., + + "'Near Savannah. "'To President Davis. + + "'Mr. President: After long meditation and much reflection + on the subject of this communication, I have determined to + intrude it upon you, earnestly hoping my motives will + constitute a full vindication for such presumption on the + part of one so humble and obscure as myself, though I must + say that the evidences of your Christian humility almost + assure me. I propose, with your permission, to assist in + organizing a number of select men, say not less than 300 to + 500, to go into the United States and assassinate, for + instance, Seward, Lincoln, Greeley, Prentice, and others, + considering it necessary to the chances of success at this + time. I will only say a few words as to the opinion of its + effects. I have made it a point to elicit the opinion of + many men upon this subject, in whose good sense I have great + confidence, and while a difference of opinion to some extent + is almost inevitable, most have confidence in its benefit to + us. The most plausible argument seems to be that to impress + upon the Northern mind that for men in high places there to + wield their influence in favor of the barbarisms they have + been so cruelly practicing upon us is to jeopardize their + lives; for distinguished leaders there to feel that the + moment they array hordes for our desolation, at that moment + their existence is in the utmost peril—this would produce + hesitation and confusion that would hasten peace and our + independence. With these meager suggestions upon the subject + I will leave it for this time. If you deem the matter worthy + of any encouragement, and will so apprize me, I believe I + can give you such evidences of loyalty and integrity of + character as will entitle it to your consideration. So far + as I am concerned, I will say, however, that I was born and + raised in Middle Georgia. All my relationships and + affections are purely Southern. I was opposed to secession, + but am now committed to the death against subjugation or + reunion with men of whose instincts and moral character, + till this war, I was totally ignorant. If I have insulted + any scruple or religious principle of yours I beg to be + pardoned. I neglected to state in the proper place that I + am an officer in the volunteer service. + + "'Begging your respectful attention to this communication, + + "I am, your Excellency's most obedient servant, + + "'H. C. Durham, 63d Ga.' +</pre> + <p> + "The reading of this communication was received with cheers from quite a + number of those present, principally Southern men. Carey said that the + Secretary of War had sent for Durham, and that he was then at Richmond. He + was a fine looking, intelligent man, terribly in earnest. This was + thought, although there was hesitancy about it in the Cabinet, to be a + much more feasible undertaking than the attempt to explode the Capitol at + Washington. The necessity for some radical measure to be adopted and put + into execution at once was the reason for these documents having been + taken from the archives and placed in the present hands in their original + form. + </p> + <p> + "Lieut. W. Alston, of Sulphur Springs, Va., who was present, as stated by + Carey, also proposed to the authorities at Richmond to undertake to rid + the country of the Confederacy's most deadly enemies, and authorized the + committee to say that he, here and now, renewed his proposition; all of + which Carey submitted to the assembly for their consideration. + </p> + <p> + "The propositions having been submitted in due form, the Chairman stated + that they were before the assembly and open for consideration. Jacob + Thomlinson opened the discussion, and said that these propositions were of + the most vital importance; that the success of the Confederacy hung upon + the action of this assembly. The authorities were waiting with bated + breath until they could hear what their Northern friends would consider + proper and feasible to be at once entered upon. He wanted no more promises + without performance. He would save the Confederacy by any means if he + could, and would consider himself justified. If some of these measures had + been resorted to much earlier it would have been better. He said that war + was mere barbarism and cruelty; that plunder, burning, pillage and + assassination were merely the concomitants, and a part of the system, of + all wars; that when men make war it means crime, rapine and murder, and + those engaging in it should so understand. Each party is expected to + capture all of the enemy that can be so taken, and to kill all that + resist. It was proper to pick out and deliberately shoot down the + Generals. He asked if it would be any worse to secretly capture Lincoln + and Silent, the two leaders and commanders of all the United States + forces, or to assassinate either or both of them, than to shoot them near + our lines. He contended that if either or both of them should be seen near + the Confederate lines they would be shot down, and the persons doing it + would be rewarded with medals of honor, and would go down into history as + great patriots for performing the act. If this were true, as all must + concede, why should it be considered a dark and damnable deed in time of + war, when a great and dire necessity required, for two such tyrants to be + put out of the way in the cause of liberty? He insisted that no difference + could exist, save in the minds of individuals morbid on the subject of + human life. He said that he had witnessed enough shamming, and heard + enough shallow professions, and wanted no more of either; that the + promises of some of their Northern friends, already broken, had cost the + Confederacy millions of dollars in coin, and had left him individually + bankrupt and impoverished. There had been nothing but a series of failures + growing out of the pretenses of some of their Northern allies. He was very + severe on many of them, especially on Cornington and Eagle, of Chicago, + and Strider and Bowen, of Indiana, all of whom he charged with getting + large sums of money for use in the late election and for other purposes. + He said they neither accounted for its disposition, nor had they entered + an appearance, after promising on their obligation to do so. This he + considered the most unwarranted course of conduct of which any one could + have been guilty—no less than the deepest-dyed perfidy. When he + closed his speech he was cheered to the echo." Dr. Adams said: "This man + Thomlinson was a very brutal man in his instincts. He seemed also to have + been out of humor with his co-conspirators. He was certainly very angry + and much disappointed that his schemes had all failed. But how an + intelligent man could argue and justify assassination, as he seemed to do, + I cannot understand." + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush replied: "Doctor, you must see that this man, no matter what he + may have been in former years, had become a hardened, inhuman wretch. Do + you not remember that he was the same person who employed men to gather + poisoned clothes for the distribution of disease, as well as his attempt + to have our cities burned, but was thwarted by Divine Providence, in my + judgment?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes, I remember all this, and God knows that seemed the extreme of + barbarism and inhumanity; but his last proposition in his argument was + deliberate, cold-blooded murder in order to gain a political end; and to + think of Northern men listening at any time to such propositions without + remonstrance or disapproval in any way makes me shudder." + </p> + <p> + "They seemed to indorse it instead of manifesting disapproval," said + Ingelsby, "and I have no doubt they favored it, and in some way assisted + in trying to have it carried out." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, yes," said Uncle Daniel; "the half of the treachery and diabolical + deeds of many of our Northern men, now leaders, is not known or + understood; but, my dear friends, I will continue my story: + </p> + <p> + "When Thomlinson had concluded his remarks, Valamburg followed in a like + strain, and concluded with a 'so help him God' that he was ready for any + enterprise to serve-the Confederacy, no matter how dark nor how desperate + and bloody. This was received with a wild shout, as though some rebel + victory had been announced. + </p> + <p> + "Walters, of Arkansas, then addressed the assembly. He said he was in + favor of the first proposition; that there seemed to be something + practical in it. Since their last meeting he had been all over the North, + even in Washington city, and there was not the slightest difficulty in + passing to and fro without any questions being asked. He said he saw the + President riding out beyond Georgetown with only one person accompanying + him; that there would not have been the slightest trouble in five men + capturing him and crossing the river into Virginia, or retreating into + Maryland and passing along on byways with him to where he could have been + securely kept until a chance was afforded for conveying him to some more + secure place. So far as putting him out of the way was concerned, there + would not be the slightest difficulty in doing that, but he thought the + other the best, taking all things into consideration. The one would be + considered a clean trick, and perfectly legitimate warfare, while the + other would not, and would arouse the Northern people to more energetic + measures. He said that he did not think there would be very great + difficulty in capturing Silent; that he had made inquiry about him, and + found that he seldom had anything more than a few men as escort, and kept + but a small company as his headquarters guard; that 100 good, picked men + could capture him almost any night. If they even failed, it would only + make those who attempted it prisoners of war, so that they would be + exchanged. This, if accomplished, in case of either Lincoln or Silent, + would secure the Confederacy. With Lincoln captured, the Vice-President + would only be too glad to have an excuse for the recognition of the + Confederacy. With Silent captured, Gen. Laws would again be master of the + situation. Silent was the only match for him in the United States. So far + as the Vice-President was concerned, he was in a bad humor with the whole + administration. He (Walters) had seen him and conversed with him since the + time mentioned at which Mr. Carey had his interview. Walters had been at + Nashua, and remained for several days unmolested, and had talked freely + with quite a number of persons who were intimate with the Vice-President, + and who were conversant with his views and knew his feelings. He said that + the Vice-President suggested to him to get through the lines and go to + Richmond, and say to the authorities there that if he were President he + would recognize the Southern Confederacy; but he (Walters) did not then + have full confidence in what he was saying, as he was rather in his cups + at the time. But since he had heard what Mr. Carey had learned in his + interview with him he had no further reason to doubt his sincerity. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Wilkes here interposed and asked whether the whole question of + recognition by the Vice-President did not entirely depend upon the capture + and successful spiriting away of Lincoln. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Walters answered in the affirmative. + </p> + <p> + "Wilkes then said: 'Suppose this scheme should fail, what then?' + </p> + <p> + "'Walters remarked that that was a question to be determined by this + meeting, and that he did not wish to decide it in advance. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Spangler, from Illinois, said that he did not desire to detain the + assembly with a long speech, but he wished to impress upon the minds of + the delegates present that in the State from which he came, he did not + think the assassination of Lincoln and Silent would be indorsed, as it + would raise such a storm there that all their friends would be driven from + the State. He was in favor of their capture and, in fact, anything that + was thought necessary; but as he lived in the same town with Mr. Lincoln, + he would not like to be forced to stem the torrent if he, Lincoln, should + be assassinated. He would cheerfully vote for the first proposition, and + at the same time pay $100 into the general pool for that purpose. This + brought down the house—money seemed to be the one thing they greatly + desired. He said: 'Now, Mr. Chairman, who is the Treasurer?' + </p> + <p> + "The Chairman answered that Mr. Thomlinson had the disbursing as well as + the authority to receive all funds for the carrying out of the objects of + the meeting. + </p> + <p> + "'Then,' said Spangler, 'here is my $100.' handing it to Thomlinson. This + started the ball, and in a few minutes $5,000 were raised and handed over + to Thomlinson, who thanked the friends for their liberality. + </p> + <p> + "The debate here closed and the vote was taken on the propositions. The + Chairman said he would put the third, or last, proposition first, which + was, whether the assembly would indorse the proposition of Capt. Alston + and Mr. Durham, who proposed to organize a force and assassinate the + leading men of the North who are prominent in the war against the South, + and recommend the authorities of the Southern Confederacy to carry out the + proposed project. The question being stated, the vote was taken. Being + very close, the roll had to be called, and the proposition was lost by + three votes. + </p> + <p> + "The next proposition was the one submitted by De Kalb to the Confederacy, + to blow up the Capitol at Washington when Congress should be in session. + The vote being taken, this proposition was lost; it being deemed + inexpedient on account of the danger of destroying so many of their own + friends. + </p> + <p> + "The last proposition to be voted on was whether the assembly would + recommend to the authorities at Richmond to organize a force and capture + Lincoln and Silent, or either of them, and hold the captive or captives + until the Confederacy should be recognized. This question was taken and + carried unanimously with a great hurrah and three cheers for the man or + men who should accomplish this most desirable object. + </p> + <p> + "After the proposition had been agreed to, Mr. Page and Capt. Alston both + desired to know what was to be done, if anything, should this attempt to + capture those men fail. Quite a discussion here arose, during which + considerable feeling was shown on the part of some of the Southern men. + Finally they determined to recommend that Wilkes, Page, Alston and Durham + be put in charge and organize for the purpose mentioned, and that they + receive their instructions directly from Jacob Thomlinson. One of these + men should go to Richmond with C. C. Carey, and there meet Durham and + consult with the authorities as to the route to be adopted in getting into + and out of Washington, and the means to be resorted to for their + assistance and protection; also that, in the event of failure in capturing + either of those men, then in that case they, or some of them, were to + return to Canada and confer further with Thomlinson; and whatever measures + he and they should adopt that looked like bringing success were to be + carried out, with the understanding that the assembly here and now + assented to it; which it did, and appointed Mr. Thom-linson with power to + act as fully as if the matter had been laid before it and agreed to by a + vote. + </p> + <p> + "This concluded the business of the delegates, and they adjourned to meet + on the call of the Grand Commander at any future time when necessary for + the benefit of the cause of the Confederacy. Henry remained a day or so in + order to note any further developments. Carey and Page left at once for + Richmond, intending to make their way in disguise by rail into West + Virginia, and from there to Richmond. Wilkes started for New York and + Alston for Buffalo. They were to make their way to Baltimore, and meet + there on a certain day and remain until Page should return from Richmond + with Durham. They were then to have an understanding as to how they should + operate. Before leaving they all had a secret meeting with Thomlin-son, + but what instructions they received of a private nature Henry did not + know, except that he learned if their scheme should fail, one or more of + them were to return at once to Canada and consult further with Thomlinson + as to their future operations. + </p> + <p> + "'I required this to be written in full by Henry, and leaving him and his + wife, Seraine, with what of our family was now left, I telegraphed to the + President: + </p> + <p> + "'Stay indoors; important; am coming! + </p> + <p> + "(Signed)Daniel.' + </p> + <p> + "'I at once left for Washington, feeling that time was important. The + desperation of these men was such that they would undertake an enterprise + of any kind, and the condition of the Confederacy such that nothing less + than some heroic remedy would avail anything. + </p> + <p> + "When I arrived at Washington it was early in the morning. I directed my + steps toward the Executive Mansion. On arriving at the door the usher + recognized me, but said that the President had not been to breakfast. + </p> + <p> + "'I said: 'I do not wish to disturb him, but it is very important that I + see him before a crowd comes in. I will remain here.' + </p> + <p> + "He stepped in and very soon returned, and at once showed me to the + President's office up-stairs. He was waiting for me, and as I entered he + came forward with both hands extended, and said, 'My dear friend Lyon, how + are you?' + </p> + <p> + "I answered him as to my health in a sad tone. He spoke of my great + afflictions in the most tender manner, and inquired as to the telegram. + </p> + <p> + "'I said:'Mr. President, this paper,' handing him Henry's report,'will + explain it.' + </p> + <p> + "He said:'This is a long paper—as long as a President's message,' + and laughed, saying, 'I expect you have been writing one for me?' + </p> + <p> + "'I replied that it was an important message for a President. At this he + laughed, and said: + </p> + <p> + "'That is quite good, and is a very wise distinction; but,' said he, 'we + will not read it now. When we get our breakfast, that will do, will it + not?' + </p> + <p> + "I replied: 'Yes, perhaps it will.' + </p> + <p> + "He would have me take breakfast with him. His family only were present, + and we all conversed freely, but principally about the late election and + our success in the West against Head, and the prospects of Silent against + Laws. He was feeling very happy and confident of final victory. He told me + about having just returned with the Secretary of State from Hampton Roads, + where they had met the Vice-President of the Southern Confederacy and + others on a peace mission; 'but,' said he, 'it was the same kind of peace + that the Copperheads have been preaching, under instructions from Richmond + and the rebel agents in Canada, for three years.' + </p> + <p> + "After breakfast we returned to his office. He instructed his usher that + he could see no one for the present. Being seated, he drew the paper that + I had given him from his side pocket and commenced reading. Very soon he + exhibited some little excitement, rang his bell and sent for the Secretary + of War, who soon came in. After the Secretary had exchanged compliments + with me, the President continued reading. When he had finished he turned + to me and said: + </p> + <p> + "'This is the most extraordinary thing that I have ever read or heard of, + in or out of history. Mr. Secretary, please read this.' + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0026" id="linkimage-0026"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0404.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Uncle Daniel Conferring With Lincoln and Stanton 404 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The Secretary read it very carefully and remarked: 'This is what they are + coming to; they will stop at nothing. But the most surprising part of all + is the attitude of your Vice-President. What can he mean by hobnobbing + with those traitors and having interviews with one of their principal + leaders inside of our lines?' "'Yes,' said the President; 'this is + strange, indeed.' "After further conversation it was determined to have + the Cabinet officers meet that day. The President also directed the + Secretary of War to ask Gen. Silent to be at the Executive Mansion the + next morning. He asked me to remain in Washington and come to see him the + next day at 10 o'clock, and not to fail. I left, went to the Owen House + and took a room. + </p> + <p> + "While there I met a man in rather delicate health, who said his name was + Alston, that he was a Canadian, and had come to Washington on account of + the mildness of the climate. He was about five feet ten inches in height, + hazel eyes, light hair, with small goatee; was quite a nervous man, moving + his hands, or sitting down and immediately rising again, picking his + teeth, or pulling his goatee. I remembered the man's name as that of one + of the conspirators, and marked him well. On inquiry I found he had + arrived the day before and was intending, as he said, to remain for some + time in order to test the climate in his case. I stepped up to the War + Department, and finding my friend, the Secretary, in, I asked him to send + a detective with me, and he did so. I put him on the man and said no more + to any one until I met the President and others the next day. + </p> + <p> + "At 10 o'clock the following morning, I appeared at the Mansion and was + admitted at once. On entering the President's office I met Gen. Silent. + Having previously met him at Chatteraugus and elsewhere, he recognized me, + and after the usual compliments asked about Gen. Anderson. I told him + about my misfortunes, the last of which he was not aware of. He said no + more for a short time; he then asked me if Gen. Anderson would not like to + come East and have a better command. He said he did not think he had been + given a command equal to his ability; that he would order him East if + agreeable. I wrote the General as soon as I returned to my hotel. + </p> + <p> + "The conversation was then turned to the report of Henry. The President + seemed serious, and said the astounding statement about the Vice-President + worried him, and yet, he said, it was almost incredible. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent said he could believe it, but was very much surprised at his + having the interview and disclosing his opinions to our enemies. Silent + said he made some curious statements to him while he was making his + headquarters at Nashua, but he attributed it to Tennessee whisky more than + to any wrong motive in his mind, until he repeated the same things over + more than once. He thought strange of it, but did not mention the + conversation. + </p> + <p> + "'But,' said the Secretary, 'what do you say to the attempt they are to + make to capture you two gentlemen?' + </p> + <p> + "Silent said: 'That scheme has already failed. Our knowledge of the fact + defeats it. You must have a guard of at least one company of infantry at + or near the White House, and the officers must be notified, in confidence, + why they are placed here. There must be a company of cavalry ordered here + for escort to the President, and he must not go out of call of the guards + without an escort.' + </p> + <p> + "The President said: 'This will not look well, but I suppose I must do it + for safety. I do not like this Vice-President's talk; it worries me. But + how about yourself, Gen. Silent; they seem to be after you as well.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the General; 'but you must remember that I am surrounded by + an army, and this notice protects me. I will look after that hereafter. + The truth is, they might have caught me napping, as I have heretofore had + but a small guard. I will make it large enough when I return. My fears, + however, are very much increased, as I see that there were many of those + conspirators in favor of taking the proposition to assassinate instead of + capture. That can be done in spite of guards, by reckless men who will + take desperate chances. This is what we must look out for. I see that they + are to take orders from Jacob Thomlinson, who is a most reckless man, + without any of the instincts of humanity, and utterly without any regard + for the rules of civilized warfare. He is a very dangerous man if he has + about him those who will do his bidding. So look out, Mr. President; my + judgment is that you will be in imminent peril.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the President. 'Gen. Silent do you remember the dream I + repeated to you when you came to Washington?' + </p> + <p> + "'Oh, yes,' said Gen. Silent, 'perfectly; and in that dream I was to be + murdered as soon as the rebellion should be ended. But I do not feel + alarmed about myself; dreams, you know, Mr. President, go by contraries.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' said the President, 'I will not say that I believe in dreams, + neither do I; yet they make an impression on my mind.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent said no more on the subject, and the conversation on that + topic was dropped. + </p> + <p> + "'I was asked if I would send Henry back to Canada to watch further + developments. I assented. They all thought that perhaps in this way we + would be able to head off any further scheme as the one reported had been. + </p> + <p> + "I then related what I had discovered at the Owen House, and suggested a + close watch on this man Alston. The President took up the report, and + finding the name, thought there might be something in my suggestion. They + sent for the detective that I had placed to watch him, and he informed us + that this man drank pretty freely, and had disclosed to him while in his + cups the night before that he was from St. Catharine's, Canada; that he + had plenty of money in gold, and was desirous of finding some five or six + good, active, bold and daring young men, who would be likely to be fond of + an adventure. The detective was sent back at once with instructions to + arrest him and have him taken to Old Capitol Prison. If any questions + should be asked, he was to answer that the Secretary of War had directed + it. The next morning it was telegraphed all over the country that a Mr. + Alston was arrested in Washington for attempting to hire men to kidnap the + President; and so the scheme, was exploded. + </p> + <p> + "The next day I bade the President and the Secretary good-by, at the same + time warning the President of his great danger. He could not thank me + enough, he said, for my interest. Silent had left for the army. Just as I + was leaving, the President said to me in a whisper: + </p> + <p> + "'Look out for a great battle soon, and with it you will hear of the fall + of Richmond.' + </p> + <p> + "I thanked him for his confidence in me and left. On arriving at home I + found all well and very anxious to see me, as this had been my first + absence since the death of my wife and Peter. Henry had seen the notice of + Alston's arrest, and when I described him he said he was the right man. I + wrote to the President what Henry said, and Alston remained in prison. + </p> + <p> + "In a short time I heard from Gen. Anderson. He was willing to go East. I + telegraphed Gen. Silent and he ordered him to report at once. He came by + home on his way and remained over several days. Lieut. Whitcomb was with + him. While there I related all that had taken place. He thought Henry + should return at once to Canada, leaving Seraine with us. He said it would + be dangerous since Alston's arrest to risk writing, so Henry would have to + come to my house with any information that he might have. Henry left at + once and the General the next day. + </p> + <p> + "We were alone again. The women and children were weeping over the + departure of Henry and the General. Aunt Martha came in and said: + </p> + <p> + "'Bress de good Laud, chil'n, what is you cryin' 'bout. De Gen! all right; + dars no danger 'bout him; he am safe. De Laud protect him. He dun sabe him + all dis time for good. Don't you see de Sesh git whip whareber he goes? + Dey all done killed down whar he bin, and now dey jest' take him ober by + whar Marsa Linkum am, and de Sesh all git smash up ober dar de same way as + what dey is down whar he bin afore.' + </p> + <p> + "Old Ham chimed in: 'Yas, Marfa, dat am de fac\ You see, when I goes wid + Marsa Gen'l, he gets shotted nearly ebery time. I not understand dis, but + he not git any time hurt when I's away. How is dat, Marfa? Guess it best + for me not be wid him. I tell you I guess I see it all now; de Laud want + me to stay here wid dese womens and dese chil'ns, and Marsa Gen'l he not + t'ink ob dat, so de Laud jes' let him git hurted, so he hab to come and + stay wid de folks and hab me heah? Is dat it, Marfa?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, dat am de case; and I 'spec you is glad, kase you is a powerful + coward, Ham; you knows you is.' + </p> + <p> + "'Marfa, you neber see me fightin' dem Sesh. Else you not say dem hard + words 'bout Ham. No, indeed, you not know 'bout me.' + </p> + <p> + "'I 'specs dat's so, Ham. How many of de Sesh does you 'specs you is + killed?' + </p> + <p> + "'Don' know, don' know. I neber counted em; war too busy, Marfa.' + </p> + <p> + "This was getting Ham into a close place, and he retired. + </p> + <p> + "In a few days Henry returned and reported that the arrest of Alston had + alarmed the conspirators in Canada very greatly. Carey and Page were still + in Richmond. Wilkes had returned to Canada and had been at Montreal with + Thomlinson, but Henry could get nothing out of him, as Thomlinson thought + it best not to have any one know what was to be attempted unless they + could aid in carrying it out; but he said the country would be startled + very soon. Henry surmised what he meant, and as soon as he could get away + from Wintergreen he left for home. + </p> + <p> + "I sent him to the President with this information, also a letter calling + the President's attention to his great danger, and the danger in which the + country would be in the event that anything should occur that would put + the Vice-President in power. This was the last communication I ever had + with the best of all Presidents." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0020" id="link2HCH0020"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XX. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + COLLAPSE OF THE GREAT REBELLION.—LAWS' ARMY SURRENDERS.— + THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN. + + "After life's fitful fever, he sleeps well: + Treason has done his worst; nor steel nor poison, + Malice domestic, foreign envy, nothing + Can touch him farther." + —Shakespeare. +</pre> + <p> + "When I left off speaking of Gen. Silent and his command in the East, and + continued my story about the West and Center, you will remember that he + had passed through eight days of bloody contest with Laws. We must now + return to him and understand the condition of things on his line while + these events were transpiring in the North, in Canada, and in Sherwood's + department, of which I have given you a history. + </p> + <p> + "Silent moved out in the night time the last of May, and on June the first + found a heavy force in his front. Fighting at once began again. Sherlin + was in the advance, and by direction held his ground through that night. + By daylight support reached him and his position was secure. Silent now + established his headquarters at an old tavern, under wide-spreading trees, + at Cool Haven, some ten or twelve miles from the rebel Capital, and at + once assaulted Laws in his works. The Union troops charged with great dash + and heroism, taking the enemy's first line of rifle-pits; but the enemy, + falling back to his shorter and stronger line, was enabled to hold his + position and force our troops to abandon the assault. The contest + continued during the afternoon and evening. Our losses were quite heavy. + </p> + <p> + "On the next day a general assault was made, which resulted in our + repulse. The enemy being behind heavy earthworks, it proved too great a + task to dislodge him. Onr army was now intrenched, and heavy skirmishing + continued for several days. Laws made two assaults on our lines, but was + repulsed with severe loss on both occasions. + </p> + <p> + "A few more days of skirmishing and desultory fighting, and the campaign + closed for the season. During the Summer, Silent had succeeded in holding + Laws close to Richmond. The Copperhead press and orators of the North made + him the especial target for their calumny during the Presidential + campaign. This course was evidently directed from Richmond and Canada. + </p> + <p> + "The following September, Silent, with his usual vigor, began active + operations against the enemy. Sherlin was now in the valley of the + Shannon, operating against the rebel Gen. Dawn, and Silent was holding + Sentinel Point as his headquarters, and directing operations from there. + On the morning of the last day of September Boutler moved from Deep + Valley. Orden's Corps moved by the Veranda road close to the river, Burns + by the new Sales road, and the cavalry by the Derby road to our right. All + our forces were now moving in the direction of the rebel Capital. + </p> + <p> + "Our troops struck the rebel works and attacked them at five o'clock p.m., + and after desperate fighting for hours Fort Harris was taken, with its + fifteen guns and all its garrison; also, the line of works running down to + Champ's farm, with several hundred prisoners. Thus again the work of war + had begun in earnest. Silent stood on the side of the fort, and could with + his field-glass view the whole line of rebel works now held by them, as + well as see the church spires in Richmond. Our cavalry had advanced on our + right to within six miles of the Capital. This was very encouraging. Yet + many a bloody battle must be fought before the prize could be ours. + </p> + <p> + "Burns now made a gallant assault against the enemy's works in front of + his advance, but, unfortunately, was repulsed. This checked the advance of + our troops on this part of the line. Boutler's position now extended from + the river (James) to the Derby road, fronting Richmond. + </p> + <p> + "Meador's command was in front of Petersville. In the afternoon of the + next day Parker's Division of Warner's Corps was attacked near Boyd's + road. He was promptly re-enforced, and the rebels were repulsed with great + loss. Fort Harris was also assaulted with a view of recapture, as it was a + very important position. The attempt failed, and we still held the fort. + </p> + <p> + "Our right and left wings were now being slowly advanced in the direction + of the Capital, under the very eye of Laws, the rebel commander. He had + the advantage in this, that it would require a day for Silent to move from + one flank to the other, while Laws, holding the chord of the circle, could + re-enforce any part of his line in a few hours. Laws could not by any + possibility stretch his line much farther, while Silent was steadily + acquiring more ground. + </p> + <p> + "The greatest consternation now prevailed in the city of Richmond. Its + evacuation was seriously contemplated. The publication of the newspapers + was suspended, and the printers were called out to defend the city. Some + of the city police fell into our hands. Offices and shops were closed. The + church bells sounded the alarm. Guards were sent into the streets to + impress every able-bodied man. Members of the Government were sent into + the trenches, and all between the ages of fifteen and fifty-five were + ordered under arms. Laws stubbornly held his position. He could plainly + see that Silent was determined to fight it out and settle the contest in + and about Richmond, without being driven or drawn away, unless some alarm + at Washington should cause a change of his campaign. + </p> + <p> + "After many movements, counter-movements, and much fighting, of all which + I cannot speak in this narrative, Laws concluded to set Ewelling at the + work of threatening our Capital. He crossed the Potomac and turned and + threatened Washington, expecting Silent's army to be at once ordered to + its defense; but this made no impression on Silent. He sent Wight's Corps + to meet Ewelling and to follow him, which was done, and the danger to our + Capital passed. Ewelling struck for the Valley of the Shannon, passed into + Maryland and the border of Pennsylvania, levying contributions as he + marched through towns and country, returning with much booty to the valley + mentioned, joining Dawn. In the meantime Wight was following him. Sherlin + was sent to take command of these forces. He fell upon Ewelling and Dawn, + and almost annihilated their commands, driving what was left of them + entirely out of that part of the country, and making such a desolation + that another movement in that direction by the rebels would be wholly + impracticable. Leaving a sufficient force to prevent any further movement, + he returned to the army near Richmond, destroying railroads, canals, and + in fact nearly all the enemy's lines of communication of any advantage to + him. + </p> + <p> + "In the meantime an attempt was made by our forces in front of Petersville + to mine and blow up some of the enemy's main forts. The main sap was run + some 500 feet, until it was under a fort on Cemetery Hill. Wings were + constructed to the right and left of the sap or tunnel, so that about four + tons of powder were placed under the fort, tamped with sand bags and wood. + The intention was to explode the mine, and at the moment of the explosion + to open with all the artillery in this front on the enemy's lines, and to + rapidly move a storming column through the crater and carry the high + ground in rear, which, if in our possession, would command the city and + the enemy's works. At about 3:30 on the morning of the 30th of July the + fuse was lighted, but no explosion followed. Many attempts were made + before the powder ignited. The suspense was great. Silent was quietly + waiting to see the result. + </p> + <p> + "Finally the smoke was seen and the dead, heavy sound was heard, like unto + the mutterings of distant thunder or the rumblings of an earthquake. + Following this the whole surroundings were darkened, and up far in the air + were sent guns, gun-carriages, caissons, picks, shovels, timbers and human + beings. They went up in a confused mass and came down as though falling + from the clouds in fragments. Many poor fellows were blown to atoms. Our + artillery opened, and the cannonading that followed perhaps was never + equaled during the war. A column of infantry charged into the crater and + there hesitated and halted after capturing those who were left alive. This + hesitation gave the enemy time to recover from their astonishment and + alarm. They rallied and opened a terribly galling fire into the crater. + Support was sent in, which only made the confusion among our men the + greater. A cross-fire was now poured into them in the breach, and it was + turned into a great slaughter-pen. Both sides were slaughtered in great + numbers. Rebel and Union troops, white and colored men, were mixed + together, crying to one another for help. The scene, as described by those + who witnessed it, was one upon which no one could wish to dwell. Our + people felt this disaster as much as any during the war. It was used by + our enemies everywhere to prove our commander to be a heartless butcher. + </p> + <p> + "About this time an ordnance boat loaded with supplies of ammunition was + exploded at or near Silent's headquarters at Sentinel Point. The report + alarmed every one for miles around. The earth shook and trembled as if + this globe was dissolving. Fragments of shell, wood and human beings fell + about the locality like hail coming down. Men shrieked and ran wildly + about, thinking that the final end of all things was at hand. Silent was + near by, but uttered not a word. He entered his tent, quietly sat down, + and wrote a dispatch describing the disaster. + </p> + <p> + "Time wore on without any very great results either way, until the armies + were all ready for the final movement in the Spring following. Silent was + still steadily gaining ground to his left, and holding Laws close to his + lines, at the same time keeping his cavalry in motion, to the great + annoyance of the enemy. In February, 1865, when I was at the Capital, + where I met the President, Secretary of War and Gen. Silent, the campaign + of Sherwood north to the rear of Richmond was about commencing; but I was + not then aware of it. Gen. Silent was also getting ready for his final + move against Laws, though he was waiting for Sherwood and Scoven to make a + junction at or near Goldsburg, in North Carolina. + </p> + <p> + "In the meantime Charleston had been evacuated; Columbia, S. C, + surrendered, and many of our starving prisoners were there released from + their deadly and poisonous prison-pens, not fit for pigs, even, to live + in. Cotton had been piled in the streets of Columbia by the retreating + rebels and set on fire. When our troops entered the city they put the fire + out, as they thought. In the evening, however, the smoldering fire was + fanned into flames by a strong wind, and the burning flakes of cotton + lighting on and against houses, set them on fire. One division of our + forces worked hard to subdue the conflagration, but in vain. The flames + leaped from housetop to housetop, as if some unseen hand was aiding in the + terrible work of devastation. Men, women and children left their houses in + their night-dresses, screaming and crying for help. Nothing could be done + to allay the destruction. A great portion of the city was laid in ashes, + and many people were in the streets houseless and homeless. The troops of + Sherwood did all in their power to alleviate the suffering, by dividing + blankets and food, and also by taking as many families as could be placed + in the wagons to a point from whence they could take shipping North, + where, on their arrival, they were amply provided for. + </p> + <p> + "Again moving forward rapidly, Sherwood's left wing struck Harding's rebel + corps at Averyville, and drove it in rout from its position. Our left wing + then moved by rapid marches on the Burton and Goldsburg road, the right + wing moving on a shorter and more direct route in the same direction, many + miles to the south. At Burton's Cross-roads the head of column of the left + wing struck the rebel army under command of Gen. Jones, who had again been + placed at the head of the forces collected together since Head's defeat at + Nashua. His forces were now commanded by Harding, Biggs, Chatham and + Hamden, the latter commanding his cavalry. The Union forces, under Gen. + Somers, discovering that a large force was in their front, deployed two + divisions and attacked, but could not drive the enemy from his position. + Somers hastily constructed earthworks and held the enemy in his position + until the right wing, or a portion of it, could come to his relief. The + word was soon sent to the General commanding the right wing, and the + Fifteenth and Seventeenth Corps were dispatched at once to Burton's + Cross-roads. + </p> + <p> + "They arrived early on the next morning, having received the order late at + night. The General commanding the Fifteenth Corps, which was in the + advance, at once formed his leading division (Gen. Charles Ward's) and + charged the enemy's works. His men went on the run over the works and + right into his trenches, the General commanding the corps leading and + leaping his horse over the parapet in the midst of a shower of deadly + missiles. Our men captured the rebels who were in their front, and a + general stampede of the enemy followed, and in a short time Jones and his + whole command were hastily making their escape across Mill Run. The march + was not any farther impeded, and Sherwood's army marched to Goldsburg, + where, as before stated, they joined Scoven, and thus ended the hard + fighting of Sherwood's army. + </p> + <p> + "The President and Vice-President had been inaugurated, and the message of + the President was so mild and conciliatory, breathing forgiveness and + charity in such an honest and earnest spirit, that many thought it might + have some influence on the feelings of the enemy in respect to the Union + in which they had lived and controlled so long to their own advantage. But + no; the more he expressed sentiments of respect for their opinions the + more bitter they became, denouncing every expression of kindness as an + insult to their people; so that it was determined there should be no + let-up in any way whatever—no armistice nor rest, but when the + movement commenced, to let that end the rebellion before ceasing. The + country was now up to this point, and all were ready and fully prepared + for the result. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent had now directed Papson, as well as Sherwood, to keep their + cavalry at work in destroying lines of communication, bridges, and + supplies of the enemy. Willston in the West was operating south of + Tennessee, cutting off all chance of re-enforcements from that direction, + and Sherwood's cavalry in the direction of Augusta and northward, + performing the same character of service, while Sherlin was again marching + with 10,000 cavalry around Laws, making the whole country untenable for + want of facilities in gathering supplies, of which at this time the enemy + was in great need. The whole coast from Savannah to Newbern, with forts, + gunboats and munitions of war, was now in our hands, with 100,000 as good + soldiers as ever marched or fought a battle almost entirely untrammeled, + well supplied, and ready to drive Jones or any opposing force north back + to Laws, where the whole could be crushed at one blow. Sherwood was to so + conduct his movements as to detain Jones in his front until the 10th of + April, and then he was to move directly against him and drive and follow + him; but if possible, to get to the Roanoke River, so as to hold Laws in + his position. + </p> + <p> + "While Silent was preparing for his final movement against the enemy, + which was to commence on the 29th of March, Laws, suspecting the movement, + on the morning of the 25th, selecting the weakest point in our lines, as + he thought, assaulted the right of Meador's position in front of the Ninth + Corps. The point assaulted was a small fort known as Fort Sleman, where + the two opposing forces were not more than 200 yards separated from each + other. At dawn of day the rebels moved against this point with Gadden's + Corps, re-enforced by Bush Jones's division. Parker's pickets were + overwhelmed and the trenches taken by the enemy, so that the main line of + the Union forces was broken. The rebels now seeing their advantage wheeled + to the right and left, sweeping our lines before them, and capturing our + batteries, which they at once turned upon Fort Sleman. The fort made all + resistance possible, but, being assaulted in front, flank and rear, was + compelled to surrender. The guns of the fort were now turned upon our own + lines on either side with great effect, driving our men and taking + complete possession of this part of our intrenchments. + </p> + <p> + "General Parker at this juncture came upon the scene, brought up artillery + on the hills commanding the point attacked, and ordered his forces to + occupy the fort. General Hartley also moved up and massed his division and + assaulted the enemy as they were moving along our line. He checked their + advance, and, being re-enforced, drove Gad-den's Corps back, recaptured + the fort and all our abandoned lines, with 2,000 prisoners. Meador arrived + on the field and at once ordered Wight and Hume to advance on Parker's + left, which was promptly done, and that part of the enemy's picket-line + was taken, with many prisoners; so that the temporary success of the enemy + proved very expensive to him in the end. This was the only unprovoked + assault that Laws had made since the campaign of the Summer before. + </p> + <p> + "On the night after this assault Gen. Meador, General Orden and several + other Generals were at Gen. Silent's headquarters, discussing the + contemplated movement to be commenced on the 29th. The President had also + been down to see Silent, and agreed in every particular to his programme. + Gen. Tom Anderson was also present, having been ordered to Sentinel Point + for assignment to duty. He was introduced by Gen. Silent as an able and + brave officer. Gen. Orden said to Gen. Silent that he would be pleased to + have him assigned to his command; to which Silent answered that he would + speak to Anderson. + </p> + <p> + "When the movement was understood, preliminary thereto Gen. Orden was + directed to move the next day to the extreme left, in connection with and + in support of the cavalry under Sherlin, designed to prevent Laws from + finally retreating in that direction, as was thought he might attempt, in + order to make a junction with Jones and fight Sherwood's forces instead of + Silent. This was not desired, as the General commanding wished the army + that had always confronted Laws to have the honor of the capture of him + and his army. + </p> + <p> + "When all had left for their respective headquarters, Gen. Silent spoke to + Gen. Anderson of Gen. Orden's request. + </p> + <p> + "Anderson replied: 'General, assign me anywhere; I will try to do my duty + wherever I may be placed.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent then wrote the order and handed it to him, saying: 'You will + proceed to join Gen. Orden in the morning; he will move to the left during + the day.' Silent said that he would give him a larger command in a few + days, but could not do so then, as they were on the eve of the movement in + contemplation. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson expressed entire satisfaction, and directed Lieut. + Whitcomb, who was with him, to have preparations made for starting at + daylight the next morning. + </p> + <p> + "During the evening, they being entirely alone, General Silent said: 'Gen. + Anderson, do you remember a conversation we had at my rooms the night + before I left Nashua for the East?' + </p> + <p> + "'Very distinctly, General; I was much impressed by what you then said as + to your views in reference to crushing this rebellion within a certain + time, and the mode to be adopted for the accomplishment of this end.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, we will do it within the time mentioned. But do you remember my + asking you if you believed in dreams, and if you had ever seen anything + that you could not explain or understand?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, General, I well remember that also.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, sir, I desire to make a confidant of you in this particular. I do + not wish what I say known at this time.' + </p> + <p> + "'You can do so; I will not betray your confidence.' + </p> + <p> + "'I intended telling the President to-day,' continued Gen. Silent, 'but + was so taken up with other matters that I forgot it; and I feel a strange + kind of superstition that I may not see him again. He and I are both in + great danger, but I feel that I can protect myself better than he can + himself. I do not desire to tell this story to any of my family, as I do + not want them, or either of them, to become superstitious. It is so easy + for any of us to become so. I find even the President, as strong a man as + he is, somewhat so inclined.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson said: 'I am surprised at this. I did not suppose he was so; + but many strong people are, and many claim to have cause for being so.' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson then related my wife's dream to Gen. Silent, and told him + Peters interpretation of it, and said six of her sons were now dead—one + only (Henry) remaining alive. + </p> + <p> + "At this Gen. Silent became melancholy, and quietly responded, ''Tis + strange, indeed!' He then related to Gen. Anderson the fact of his having + seen a strange form in the night-time while under a tree at Chatteraugus; + also, the night that he met him at Nashua, as well as in the night near + his quarters while fighting the battle of the Chaparral, its indications + at Chatteraugus, and its indications to him at Nashua and in the + Chaparral. He said: + </p> + <p> + "'I have also seen the same spectral form to-night, saying to me: "Move to + the left rapidly; the enemy are all in your hands, and in half a moon all + will be prisoners." Gen. Anderson, what is this? Am I dreaming, or am I + laboring under some disease of the mind? I hope you will speak freely to + me as to what you think. I could not keep it longer. I must tell some one. + I feared I was becoming broken down in my brain power,—I have + studied over the military situation so much.' + </p> + <p> + '''No, General, you need not have any fears of that. You are as vigorous + in that respect as any man living. I cannot, however, explain this; nor + can I understand it. I will ask you, however, if you had this character of + campaign in your mind before you saw this strange apparition?' + </p> + <p> + '"Yes, I had a thought of it; but somehow this seemed to influence me not + to deviate in the least, and to give me faith and confidence in our final + success; and yet I cannot but believe this to be only an optical illusion. + It must be; it cannot, it seems to me, be otherwise.' + </p> + <p> + "'There is one thing, General: it appears to be leading you, or, at least, + helping your faith, in the right direction.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes; but, Gen. Anderson, it harasses me by day and by night. I cannot + keep it from my mind. I try to throw it off, but cannot. But we will speak + of this no more at present. I feel that my mind is greatly relieved since + I have given you my secret. What a strange feeling this is; but I believe + it is so with every person.' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, General, that is true. Things pent up in the mind and heart become + oppressive, and wear the mind until relieved. This seems to be our + safety-valve.' + </p> + <p> + "The conversation here ceased on this subject, and both retired to rest. + The next morning Gen. Anderson and his companion, Lieut. Whitcomb, left + very early for Gen. Or-den's headquarters. As they were leaving Gen. + Silent came out and spoke many kind words to Gen. Anderson. He said: + </p> + <p> + "'I feel much better this morning. I will be at the front to-day, and will + see you, perhaps.9 + </p> + <p> + "With a good-by they separated. When Gen. Anderson arrived at Gen. Orden's + headquarters he was ready to move his command to the left. He had been + telegraphed by Silent of Anderson's assignment, so the orders were ready, + and Gen. Anderson at once took command of a splendid division, getting + acquainted as best he could on the march that day. His command was in the + lead. Late in the afternoon he met Gen. Sherlin, who was overjoyed to see + him, saying: + </p> + <p> + "'Anderson, you have no time to learn the situation, but I want you to be + close to me. I will speak to Orden.' + </p> + <p> + "Their lines were formed that evening and all was in readiness for action. + On the afternoon of the 29th the Union line was continuous from + Appomattox, and still moving to the left. Silent said: + </p> + <p> + "'I feel now like ending the matter, if it is possible, before going + back.' + </p> + <p> + "The army of Silent was located about as hereinafter stated. Parker and + Wight held our line in front of Peters-ville, and Orden's line reached to + the crossing of Hatcher's Run. Hume had moved to the left of Orden, by + change of orders, and Warner was on the left of the moving column. Sherlin + was now at Dinwiddie, on our left flank, some five miles separated from + the left of our infantry. This movement was made late in the afternoon. + Our lines now covered the ground from Appomattox to Dinwiddie Courthouse. + Silent said: + </p> + <p> + "'Now, let us see what we can do with the enemy.' + </p> + <p> + "This portion of the country was covered with forests and swampy streams. + During the night the rain fell in torrents, and by the next morning it + seemed impossible for man or beast to move without sticking in the + quicksands. The rain continued, and a deep gloom seemed to settle over our + army. Some who were in Silent's confidence suggested a return to our + former lines, but Silent could not see how we could go back if not + forward. + </p> + <p> + "Just at this moment Sherlin came riding up, through rain and mud, and + suggested that an advance was sure of success. Silent at once gave him + orders to return and take possession of Five Forks. The enemy was now + confronted by our army at every point. + </p> + <p> + "Sherlin, on his return, at once sent one of his divisions forward. The + conditions of the roads prevented any serious assault with cavalry. Warner + was now advanced, extending his left across the Boydton road, He fortified + his position, but did not attack; the enemy were too strong in his front. + Hume, meanwhile, attacked the enemy and drove him from his advanced + position. On account of mud and bad roads no further movement was made + during that day. + </p> + <p> + "On the next day, however, as Silent had suggested to Meador, the enemy + made a heavy assault on Warner's left, and pressed his whole corps back + some distance. Hume sent Milo with his division to Warner's support. The + rebels were now checked. The Second Corps was sent to Milo and the enemy + were attacked in flank in front of Warner, and were driven back to their + original line. Warner now moved up, supported by Milo, and gained a + lodgment on the White Oak road. Sherlin was attacked near Dinwiddie and a + severe battle ensued, which continued until dark, Sherlin holding his + ground. + </p> + <p> + "Both parties lay upon their arms that night within a stone's throw of + each other. During the night the Fifth Corps was ordered to the support of + Sherlin. The enemy, discovering this movement, retreated early in the + morning, Sherlin following and assaulting them at every opportunity. Laws + had instructed his infantry and cavalry that Five Forks must be held. + Sherlin well knew the importance of this position; Petersville must fall + with this in our possession. He ordered Mullet to assault in front with + his cavalry, while the Fifth Corps, and McKenon, with his cavalry, were to + hold the White Oak road and to drive the enemy back toward Petersville. At + five o'clock the assault was made. The cavalry dismounted and fought on + foot. The division of the Fifth Corps under Griffith and one brigade under + Ames charged the rebel ranks, and under the inspiration of the bands + playing and the lead of the intrepid Sherlin, the works were stormed by + our men and the rebels routed, leaving 6,000 prisoners in our hands. Five + Forks was ours, and a noble day's work had been accomplished. This was the + first great battle fought in the last campaign against the rebel Capital. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Silent now ordered the enemy's works assaulted at three points at + four o'clock the next morning, April 2. Promptly on time Wight and Parker + moved against the strong works of the enemy in their front. They broke + over the enemy's picket-line with ease; but now in their front frowned + heavy earthworks and forts. They moved under a galling and deadly fire, + tearing away abatis and all kinds of obstructions until they came to the + main works. Here the contest was severe and bloody. Bayonets clashed and + musketry rattled; but our troops seemed to know that the end was near, and + nothing could stay or resist them. They climbed and leaped over parapet + and wall and into the enemy's trenches, capturing men and guns. The + advance of our men could not be stopped. They pressed forward to the + railroad, tore up the track, and turned and swept right and left down the + enemies' lines. Soon the whole line, from the point of attack to Hatcher's + Run, and all the artillery and forts were in our possession. + </p> + <p> + "Parker made his assault near the Jerusalem road. His column stormed and + carried the works in his front, capturing twelve pieces of artillery and + about 1,000 prisoners. + </p> + <p> + "Orden now assaulted, Gen. Anderson's division leading. The fighting was + severe, the rebels saw that this kind of fighting meant the capture of + Richmond. Anderson led his men in person, and was one of the first to + scale the enemy's works. The enemy retreated in great haste. Anderson + again recognized Joseph Whitthorne leading one of the brigades in retreat. + </p> + <p> + "'My God?' he exclaimed, 'am I always to meet this man in battle!' + </p> + <p> + "Orden turned his command to the right and joined on with Wight, and they + now made their lines strong in order to resist the enemy, as they expected + him to attempt a recapture. It had now become one continuous battlefield, + from Petersville to and beyond Five Forks. Silent now determined to face + Meador's entire command, as well as Orden's, in toward Petersville, and + take it if possible. The entire rebel army was rushing to the defense of + Petersville. Sherlin was moving on the White Oak road toward the city. + Laws was exerting himself to stay the tide. Gadden was ordered to drive + Parker back from his Une. Hiller and Mahoney were gathering all the + fragments of commands that they could find and reorganizing them. + Longpath, who had not been engaged, was ordered to cross the James River + to the south side, for the defense of this portion of the line. Laws + telegraphed his chief, the President of the Confederacy, of the imminent + danger to his army. + </p> + <p> + "The enemy now assailed Parker's line, which was on both sides of the + Jerusalem road, and several desperate efforts were made to dislodge him, + but being re-enforced he held his position. His line included several + forts, and also commanded the main bridge across the Appomattox, almost + the only exit then left to the enemy. The rebels were now concentrating + their forces within an interior line of very heavy works immediately + surrounding the city. There were, however, two strong forts outside of + this line not yet captured by our forces—Forts Gregg and Baldwin. + Orden was directed to take Fort Gregg, and two of his brigades, commanded + by Turnlee and Forest, made the assault. After one or two repulses they + succeeded in storming and capturing the entire garrison. Both sides fought + gallantly. It was finally taken at the point of the bayonet. + </p> + <p> + "Milo was now attacking the enemy near the intersection of the White Oak + and Claiborne roads, but finding him too well intrenched, had to fall back + some distance. + </p> + <p> + "Late in the afternoon Sherlin, with the Fifth Corps and a portion of his + cavalry, struck the enemy who had repulsed Milo in their works that day, + taking them in flank. He routed them, capturing nearly 1,000 prisoners. He + pursued, and struck them every opportunity, until finally they threw away + their arms and took shelter in the woods. Night covering their retreat the + darkness saved them. The day's work left about fifty pieces of artillery + and 12,000 prisoners in our hands. + </p> + <p> + "All west of the center of Laws's army had been driven by Sherlin across + the Appomattox, and the rest had been forced inside the interior lines + around Petersville, from which there was no escape save by bad roads—country + highways. Laws was now struggling to get his army out and escape, so as to + join Jones, and get the best terms he could after one more short campaign. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Hiller, of the rebel army, fell that day. Laws had him buried that + night, and after the last rites were paid, he rode with his staff out of + the city, and in accordance with orders previously given, the whole rebel + army, save a small picket-line, filed out and moved in the direction of + Amelia Court-house. Parker, under his orders to feel the enemy during the + night, discovered the movement, captured the rebel pickets, and the city + was surrendered at four o'clock the next morning. Laws burned behind him + the small bridges on the Appomattox and blew up his forts on the James + River. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning Silent ordered Meador immediately up the Appomatox + River. Sherlin was ordered to push for the Danville Railroad with Hume and + Griffith and all the cavalry. Orden was directed to push south-west, on + the Cox road. Silent waited until he got news of the surrender of the + rebel Capital and the flight of Davis and his Cabinet; then he pushed out + on the road to his army marching to intercept Laws. Mullett, being in the + advance, came upon the enemy at Deep Run, on the 3d of April, and then a + battle ensued, in which the rebels were defeated and put to flight. The + road was strewn with caissons, ammunition, clothing, and all kinds of + material used by an army. + </p> + <p> + "This was evidence of the great demoralization of the enemy. + </p> + <p> + "At 5 p.m. on the 4th, Sherlin, with the head of the column of the Fifth + Corps, arrived at Geterville, capturing Law's dispatch to Danville for + rations, his army being entirely destitute of food. He was at Amelia, but + our forces were in his front and in possession of the Danville road. + </p> + <p> + "On the 5th, Silent received information from Sherlin, that Laws and his + whole army were at Amelia, and that he (Sherlin) had possession of the + road to Burkesville. He sent Davies' division on a reconnaissance in the + direction of Painstown to see if any movement was being made by the enemy. + This command struck a train of wagons, burned them, and captured five + pieces of artillery and several hundred prisoners. The enemy moved out a + stronger force and renewed the contest, but were driven back. + </p> + <p> + "Meador had now arrived with his force and joined Sherlin, but failed to + attack, he being the senior and then in command. Silent rode late in the + night to Sherlin's headquarters, and at once ordered an attack at four in + the morning, but said that Laws would steal away that night. The next + morning he was gone, and changing his course, was now heading for + Lynchburg. Pursuit was immediately made. Hume struck the rear of the enemy + at Deatonville, and at once attacked him. Crooker and Mullett attacked the + enemy's wagon train in flank. Orden had arrived at Rice Station, and was + intrenched, so as to prevent any further movement of the enemy south. At + four o'clock Wight's Corps came up and at once went into action and + carried the road two miles south of Deatonville, breaking the enemy in + twain. Hume was on his rear and Sherlin on his flank. Hume here moved to + the right after one of the fragments, in the direction of the Appomattox. + </p> + <p> + "Wight now drove the enemy in his front two miles into a swampy, marshy + bottom of Sailor's Run. The cavalry were now to the left, where they were + burning and destroying the wagon trains of the enemy. The rebels in front + of Wight's Sixth Corps had crossed the run, and were throwing up + breastworks, Sherlin ordered the stream crossed and their works assaulted. + This was done by two divisions. The fight was a desperate one. The works + were carried on the enemy's left, but a division of the enemy came + sweeping down on our flank and drove the troops of the Sixth Corps back + across the stream. + </p> + <p> + "Just at this moment Mullett's division of cavalry came charging down on + the enemy's rear. The Sixth Corps again advanced, and a most desperate and + bloody hand-to-hand bayonet and saber contest now took place. Our + artillerymen opened on the lines of the enemy some twenty guns. Our lines + were now closing around them. Crooker had come up with his command and + closed the gap. The enemy threw down their arms and surrendered—7,000 + men and fourteen pieces of artillery, with Gen. Ewelling and his seven + subordinate Generals. This utterly destroyed the entire command that was + covering Laws's retreat. + </p> + <p> + "Hume had pursued the fragment of the enemy which he had opposed in the + morning to the mouth of the run, some fifteen miles, attacking and + fighting—a running battle all the day—as well as fording + streams, building bridges, etc. The last stand of the enemy was stubborn. + Hume's command was victorious. His captures during the day were four + pieces of artillery, thirteen stands of colors and about 2,000 prisoners. + Night now drew her curtain over the scene, and our troops lay down to + rest. + </p> + <p> + "The next day was used almost entirely in winding the coil more closely + around Laws's army. Hume and Crooker were on the north side of the river + confronting Laws; McKenon was at Prince Edwards; the cavalry column was + moving in the direction of Appomattox Station; the second and Sixth Corps + were moving to the north side of the river to attack the next day; Mullett + was pushed to the south side to Buffalo Station; the Fifth and + Twenty-fourth Corps were moving on Prospect Station, south of the river, + to prevent Laws from escaping in that direction; Orden was following + Sherlin, having taken with him Griffith, with instructions to attack the + head of Laws's column. The next morning news was received that Stoner had + entered Lynchburg and was holding it. During the greater part of the night + the armies of the Union were moving in the direction assigned them. Gen. + Silent occupied the old tavern at Farmville, where Laws had slept the + night before. + </p> + <p> + "After the last of his forces on this line had passed, Silent was sitting + quietly on the porch, thinking Laws must surrender the next morning. He + concluded to send him a note suggesting his surrender, to stop the further + effusion of blood, stating that the last few days must convince him of the + hopelessness of his cause. He sent the note. Soon after this he was about + to retire, when he heard his name pronounced. He looked and saw the same + form as heretofore mentioned, which spoke in these words: + </p> + <p> + "'Laws will not surrender if possible to escape with any portion of his + force. Do not let your army rest until he is surrounded completely.' + </p> + <p> + "Silent returned to the porch, and did not retire that night. About + midnight he received Laws's reply, saying he did not feel as Gen. Silent + thought on the subject of surrender, and during the night again moved out + in order to escape. + </p> + <p> + "On the morning of the 8th our forces moved at once. Slight contests only + occurred during the day. At night the head of our cavalry column reached + Appomattox Station. The enemy were coming in quite a force for supplies, + there being at the station four heavily-loaded trains, which had just + arrived, for Laws's army. One train was burned, and the others were sent + to Farmville. The enemy made an assault on our forces, but were repulsed, + 25 pieces of artillery and many prisoners falling into our hands. + </p> + <p> + "Sherlin was here, with no force as yet save two divisions of his cavalry. + He moved a force on the road in the direction of Farmville and found + Laws's whole army moving to Appomattox. Orden and Griffith were marching + rapidly to join Sherlin, and by marching all night reached Appomattox at 6 + A.M. on the morning of the 9th, just as Laws was moving his head of column + with the intention of brushing away Sherlin's cavalry and securing the + supplies. Laws had no suspicion of infantry having joined our cavalry at + Appomattox. Orden was the senior and commanded the two corps of infantry—his + own and Griffith's, formerly Warner's. These troops were deployed in line + of battle across the road where Laws must pass, the cavalry in front + covering the infantry. Crooker moved out and was soon hotly engaged with + the enemy. He fell back slowly, and finally our cavalry moved off to the + right, leaving the road apparently open to the rebels. They, seeing this, + sent up a shout and started as if to pursue the cavalry, when, to their + utter amazement, Gen. Tom Anderson came charging down at the head of his + division upon the head of Laws's column, and at the same time our battle + line advanced. The enemy were rolled back in great demoralization, our + lines pressing them on every side. + </p> + <p> + "Anderson was assaulting them in front. Griffith was on one flank, and + Sherlin, moving around quickly on the enemy's left, was just ordering a + charge, when Laws sent a flag of truce and asked for a cessation of + hostilities. The cordon was now complete. Laws and his army were at our + mercy. Laws surrendered his army that day, and thus the rebellion + virtually ended. + </p> + <p> + "The news sped on the wings of lightning, and the joy that found vent + throughout the North no pen could do justice to by way of description. Old + and young wept, embraced and shouted aloud, with their hearts full of the + glad tidings. None but the class of rebel sympathizers before mentioned + mourned at the sad fate of the enemy. + </p> + <p> + "The next day after the surrender of Laws, Gen. Anderson and his staff + were riding around the field taking observations. While passing down near + Longpath's Corps, suddenly a man in a rebel General's uniform, with two + other officers, came dashing up to the General and halted. It was Joseph + Whitthorne. He cried out: + </p> + <p> + "'Tom Anderson, is that you?' + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson responded affirmatively, at the same time saluting him in + proper military style. At this Whitthorne drew his pistol and was just in + the act of firing at the General, when Lieut. Whitcomb rushed at him and + ran him through with his sword. He fell from his horse and expired. Gen. + Anderson shed tears, but did not disclose to anyone present the close + relationship existing between them. This occurrence was of such a + character as might have caused trouble with the troops, so it was kept + quiet. The officers present on both sides deemed this course the best + under the circumstances. Lieut. Whitcomb never knew of the relationship, + Gen. Anderson's wife, Whitthorne's sister, always thought her brother was + killed in one of the last battles. The General revealed the facts only to + myself. + </p> + <p> + "The joy that now pervaded the North lasted for but a brief space of time + before sorrow and deep mourning took its place. + </p> + <p> + "You remember that Alston, one of the Canadian conspirators, had been + arrested and placed in prison at Washington on the charge that, he, with + others, were intending to attempt the capture of the President. This + having failed, doubtless the last resort had been agreed upon by + Thomlinson, Carey and their allies. Page had returned from Richmond with + Durham and met Wilkes at Baltimore, where this diabolical scheme was + agreed upon. The President, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of War, + and Gen. Silent were all to share the same fate. Wilkes, doubtless, with + his picked few, were to dog the President, Page the Secretary of State, + and Durham the Secretary of War, and others to in some way destroy Silent. + My son Henry returned from Canada on the 14th of April, and stated to me + that Wintergreen said the three above named were near Washington and would + do their work well, each selecting his man; that Thomlinson and Carey had + left for Europe on the 6th of April. + </p> + <p> + "Henry left that night for Washington with this information for the + President and his Secretaries. His trip, however, was for naught, as on + that night the assassins did their work in part. Wilkes did his, and Mr. + Lincoln, the noblest of all men, fell by the bullet of his murderer. Page + tried his hand, but failed to complete his task. Durham failed entirely + from some cause. + </p> + <p> + "Henry arrived in Washington the next evening, when he saw the Secretary + of War. He told him to say nothing, as they would all be put on their + guard by these facts being made public. Gen. Silent only escaped, as it + seemed, by a miracle, as he had agreed to accompany the President that + night and was only prevented by his wife's trunks with her wardrobe being + carried by Washington to Baltimore that afternoon. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0027" id="linkimage-0027"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0431.jpg" width="100%" + alt="The Shooting of President Lincoln by Wilkes 431 " /> + </div> + <p> + "The intelligence of Mr. Lincoln's death, as it trembled along the wires + on the morning of the 15th to every portion of this Republic, coming as it + did in the midst of universal rejoicing, firing of cannon and unfurling of + banners, struck dumb those who a moment before were shouting with joy. + Language nor pen can adequately express the horror and grief with which + the people were stricken. A Nation's shouts of joy and triumph at one + moment, were the next turned into grief and sorrow. The people were bowed + down and bathed in tears. The shadows of gloom were on every countenance. + The flags that were floating in triumph one moment were the next at + half-mast. Almost instantaneously all houses were draped in mourning. + Women ran into the streets wringing their hands and weeping aloud. + Children ran to and fro to learn the cause of the great change from joy to + overwhelming grief. Each family wept as though for the loss of their + first-born. The soldiers in the field had lost their idol; the colored + people had lost their deliverer from the wilderness of slavery. + </p> + <p> + "The people gathered in their places of worship and mingled their tears + with their prayers. A dark pall hung over the whole land. The people + seemed to lose heart. The very earth seemed to groan and cry out against + the horrible deed. The enemies of the Government were alarmed and shocked + at this terrible crime, growing out of their own course of conduct. + Foreign Governments were horrified at the atrocity of the fiendish + resentment shown. Many men became alarmed and hastened to leave the + country. Some left for Mexico, some for South America, and some for + Europe. + </p> + <p> + "The Vice-President had now taken the oath of office and had entered upon + the duties of President. Lincoln was dead; the last act in the bloody + drama on the program of the conspirators had been played." + </p> + <p> + <a name="link2HCH0021" id="link2HCH0021"> + <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> + </p> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </div> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXI. + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + SCHEME FOR A NEW REBELLION.—ANDREW JOHNSON AND HIS CO- + CONSPIRATORS.—THE GENERAL OF THE ARMY AND SECRETARY OF WAR + SAVE THE COUNTRY.—"TOM" ANDERSON'S BRUTAL MURDER.—UNCLE + DANIEL DIES. + + "Forgiveness to the injured does belong, + But they never pardon who have done the wrong." + —Dryden +</pre> + <p> + "Jones surrendered to Sherwood. Mobile had fallen Iand all the minor + commands in rebellion were trying to see which could get in first. The + President of the Confederacy had been captured by Wellston. Our great + armies were mustered out of the service, and peace once more reigned + throughout the land. The then President had by his declarations shown such + bitter hostility toward the leading rebels that they were greatly alarmed, + and many were leaving the country. The General of our armies had + established his headquarters at Washington, and all matters pertaining to + the future were now in the hands of the civil authorities. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson had returned to my house, where he found joy and happiness + in our little family at his safety after passing through the storm of this + great struggle. His wife and little Mary, as well as little Jennie, seemed + as though they would never get through kissing him. Henry and his wife + (Seraine) were now with-us. Lieut. Whitcomb returned to Detroit to his + parents. Gen. Anderson and Henry were all who were left of the eight of my + household who had entered the service. You can imagine the sadness this + brought back to me. David's wife (Jennie) became melancholy and more + depressed than usual. She was stricken with fever and died in about three + weeks after the General's return. This left this dear child"—pointing + to Jennie Wilson—"alone in the world, without a protector, save her + poor old grandfather. Mary Anderson, the General, Henry and Seraine were + all kind and willing to do anything for her that they could. She was sole + heir to her father's farm, which had been left in my hands, and naturally + looked to me, and so we have ever since lived together. + </p> + <p> + "Henry, Seraine, Gen. Anderson and his family stayed with me until the + General could determine whether he would remain North or venture to return + to his old home in Mississippi. Old Ham and Aunt Martha, after the murder + of Mr. Lincoln, seemed to have lost all energy, and were unusually silent + and melancholy, seldom speaking to any one, save in the expression of + their great joy at the safe return of their Marsa Gen'l.' One day, while + we were sitting on the porch, the General said to Ham, who had come to the + front of the house: + </p> + <p> + "'Ham, what is the matter with you and Aunt Martha? You seem to be in a + serious mood all the time, since my return?' + </p> + <p> + "'Yes, Marsa Gen'l, we is monstrous serious, sah. We feels bad 'bout Marsa + Lincum, what dem 'Sesh kill. He war our bes' frien', He make us free, and + we feel dat dar am some wrong somewhar, dat dem 'Sesh starve de Union + sogers; dey shoots dem when dey wants to, and dey kills our President, and + none of dem get hunged for dis. If dis is de way dat matters is a-gwine, + what am goin' to 'come of de darkies? Whar am dey gwine? What am gwine to + 'come ob Marfa and Ham? Dat's what am worryin' us.' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, Ham, you need not worry about that. You will be taken care of. I + will see to that.' + </p> + <p> + "Just then Aunt Martha came into the house, and hearing the conversation, + the good old woman became greatly excited. When she heard what the General + said to Ham she caught hold of the former, and in her way gave expression + to her feelings. She said: + </p> + <p> + "'Marsa Gen'l, I's mighty feered somethin' bad gwine to happen to us poor + colored folks. Dar frien's seem de only ones what get kill, and when dey + do de folks do nuffln wid de 'Sesh. Dey send dem home agin, so dat dey do + jes' what dey please. You mind what Aunt Marfa say, dem 'Sesh do wid de + darkies what dey wan' to in less den no time. Dey is free; I know dat; but + who dey work for? Mus' dey be under de same ones what sell dem before de + 'bellion? If dey is, den de 'Sesh make dem young darkies what's comin' on + b'lieve anything dey wants to; and afore dey is growd up dey be helpin' de + 'Sesh, and den what we do? I tells you dis bin on my min' and in Ham's + head, too. We trus' in de good Laud; and you, Marsa Gen'l, you kin fix + dis. I's sure you kin. De good Laud spare you for dis; I know he do. I's + sure dar was six mans in dis family, all kill, my good old missus die, den + my good young missus, she die; dey was all kill and die 'ceptin' you, and + I knows dat you are save to take keer of us darkies, or you bin kill long + afore dis!' + </p> + <p> + "'Well, aunty, I will do all I can for everybody. You and Ham shall be + cared for; have no fears about that.' + </p> + <p> + "'Dat be good. I always know you look after us, Marsa Gen'l, case we sabe + you life; but, den, my chillens, Laud knows whar dey is. Ham and me bin + talkin' 'bout dat. We wants dem to get long, but we not know dem, nor whar + dey am. Maybe we see dem some day.' + </p> + <p> + "'All right, aunty, we will talk about this hereafter.' + </p> + <p> + "Poor old darkies! They both went back to the kitchen better satisfied and + much happier." + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams said: "Uncle Daniel, Aunt Martha did not miss it very far, did + she?' + </p> + <p> + "No; the poor old woman had a presentiment that matters would not be as + peaceful and well for the colored people as was anticipated. + </p> + <p> + "Just at this time old man Joseph Dent rode up to the gate. He was as glad + to see the General as if he had been one of his own family. We talked over + the war, and praised the old man for the part he had played in assisting + us in discovering the plots of the conspirators. He returned to the farm + greatly delighted that his work was appreciated. + </p> + <p> + "We all remained at home for some time trying to shake off our many + sorrows. Mary Anderson and Seraine tried to make it pleasant for all. The + General interested us in giving his experiences, and Henry in turn his + with the conspirators. Time wore on, and finally Gen. Anderson concluded + to go to Colorado for the purpose of seeing what he could do in the mines, + leaving his wife and daughter still with me. Henry remained with us; he + and Seraine visiting occasionally with his friends at Detroit. + </p> + <p> + "Congress was engaged in trying to agree upon a plan for the + reconstruction of the South, as well as to reorganize the army. When the + law was passed for the latter purpose I was written to by the Secretary of + War in order to ascertain Gen. Anderson's whereabouts. I wrote him, giving + his address. The General was tendered a position in the army. He came home + and consulted his wife, but finally declined it. He recommended Lieut. + James Whitcomb, his Aid-de-Camp, Seraine's brother, for a position, and he + was appointed a Lieutenant in the cavalry arm of the service. He is still + alive and in the army, but transferred, as I understand, to a different + branch of the service. + </p> + <p> + "The General concluded to go to Washington city, where he remained some + weeks. On returning he thought he would settle there in the practice of + the law. His wife did not wish to go until he had tried the chances of + success. So it was arranged that his family should remain with me, his + wife wishing to return to her old home when she felt that it was safe for + the General. He returned to Washington, and did very well. + </p> + <p> + "By this time there seemed to be some friction between the President and + Congress. This condition of things continued, with ill-feeling, and the + breach still widening. The President differed widely with the Republican + majority, as well as the Secretary of War and the General of the Army, as + to the reconstruction of the States recently in rebellion. Every measure + that Congress would pass with a view of taking charge of the colored + people or aiding them in their perilous condition, was rejected by the + President, and had to be passed over his veto. It was the same with + matters in reference to reconstruction. He began haranguing the populace + from the balcony of the Executive Mansion, in order to create an + ill-feeling and prejudice in the minds of the people against their + representatives. + </p> + <p> + "He, however, very suddenly changed his views as to the proper treatment + for the leaders of the rebellion. Instead of wishing them tried and + punished, as formerly, he thought a portion of Congress should be tried + and punished. He turned his back on his Union friends and made the leading + rebels and their sympathizers of the North his confidants. Jefferson Davis + and all those under arrest for treason were, under his new programme, + released. He denounced leading Republicans as conspirators and traitors. + He was cajoled by every conspirator of the late rebellion. Finally the + visits of certain men from Maryland and Virginia became so frequent that + it aroused a suspicion in the minds of the Secretary of War and the Chief + of Staff to the General of the Army, and very soon this suspicion extended + to the General himself that a new conspiracy was being organized. The + General was led to believe this, first, on the ground that the President + at one time wanted all the leading men who had been paroled by the General + arrested and tried by the U. S. Court in Virginia. This the General of the + Army had resisted in such a manner as to cause quite a coolness between + the two. The same men that he at one time desired to see hanged had now + become his companions, confidential friends and advisers. + </p> + <p> + "Information was received about this time, through a source that could not + be doubted by the Secretary of War nor by the General of the Army, of a + programme which had been agreed upon by the President and certain rebels + claiming that their States were sovereign, were States now as ever, with + all their rights—that of representation included. The President + determined to issue his proclamation for an election of Senators and + Members of the House of Representatives from all the States lately in + rebellion, and if they came to Washington claiming their seats, and should + not be admitted by the Republican majority, he would organize a Congress + with the Southern members and the Northern Democrats, and as President + would recognize them as the Congress of the United States and send his + messages and communications accordingly. If the Republicans resisted he + would disperse them by force, and thereby make them the rebels against the + lawful Government, as he claimed, and in that way turn it over to its + enemies and their sympathizers, with himself as their chief instead of Mr. + Davis, holding the Capital and all the Government archives. If he could + induce the General of the Army to obey his orders he could carry out this + scheme; if not, he would get rid of the General and try and find some + other officer upon whom he could rely. To be prepared in case he could not + use the Commander of the Army, a force was to be organized in Maryland and + Virginia, which was to sweep down upon Washington and take possession + before outside forces could be organized against the President's + authority, using in connection with this force such of the army as would + obey him. He tested the General of the Army and found he could not use him + to aid in starting a new rebellion. He then concluded that he would send + him away to Mexico, and put in some pliant tool as Secretary of War, and + then put this scheme in operation. + </p> + <p> + "Just about this time an application was made to the General of the Army, + without coming through the Secretary of War, by the State of Maryland, for + its quota of arms. This at once struck the General as strange. He went to + the Secretary of War, and upon consultation the application was placed + among the relics of the past. In a day or so the President inquired of the + General if he had received such an application. The General said he had, + and was asked what he was going to do. He answered that it would be looked + into. This seemed to the General very unusual, for a President to be + looking after such things. + </p> + <p> + "I had gone to Washington to look after pay that was due three of my sons + when killed. While sitting with Gen. Anderson in his room, soon after my + arrival, a knock was heard at the door. A boy entered with a note from the + Secretary of War, saying he had just heard of my arrival and desired to + see me." + </p> + <p> + "The next morning as soon as I could I went to his office. When I met him + he was very cordial with me; conversed about the murder of Mr. Lincoln and + the utter collapse of the rebellion, as well as the great loss in my + family. I spoke to him about my business, and he at once directed matters + so that it would be attended to without delay. The Secretary then said to + me that it was through my direction that Mr. Lincoln and himself had been + able to thwart the late conspirators in many of their diabolical schemes + during the war, and that they failed only in one—that of preventing + the murder of the President. + </p> + <p> + "In speaking of this sad calamity the great tears stood in his eyes. + 'But,' said he, 'my dear friend Lyon, we are now standing upon the verge + of a volcano, and this time, if the schemes of the conspirators can be + carried out, we will be in more danger than ever; and we who have just put + this great rebellion down will be compelled to play the part of rebels + ourselves in the next great drama.' + </p> + <p> + "I was almost struck dumb by this announcement, and thought the Secretary + was perhaps unnecessarily alarmed at some minor matter. He rang his bell + for a messenger, and sent him across the street for the General of the + Army. He soon came in, and after pleasant greetings we all retired to the + Secretary's private room. There he was about to make me acquainted with + this whole matter, when the General said to the Secretary that he desired + his Chief of Staff to be present. He was sent for, and soon entered. I was + put under a pledge of secrecy, and then the whole scheme was revealed to + me as I have told it to you, except that it was given to me more in + detail. The name of their secret informant was given, and I was then truly + surprised and could no longer doubt the facts as to the conspiracy for the + second rebellion. The man who had unfolded the scheme to the Secretary of + War and to the General of the Army was a man of reputation in a marked + degree; had held a high position in the Confederate service, but had seen + enough of war, and also respected his parole to the General of our Army. + </p> + <p> + "The General did not know at what moment he might be relieved from the + command of the Army, and was therefore anxious that the Secretary of War + might in some way be prepared for the emergency, should it arise; but said + that he could not personally be a party to any preparations for such an + event while he was subject to the orders of the President. So he said that + he would retire, but would leave his Chief of Staff, who, he said, seemed + to be belligerent enough for any purpose. When the General withdrew the + Secretary said: + </p> + <p> + "'Now, Mr. Lyon, what can you do to aid us, or what do you suggest?' + </p> + <p> + "I said: 'Give me until this evening to reflect upon the matter and I will + meet you gentlemen here at any hour that may be agreed upon.' So eight + o'clock was designated, and we separated. + </p> + <p> + "During the day I made inquiry of Gen. Anderson about the disbanded + soldiers; how they, or some of them, could be organized in an emergency, + and supposed the case of the rebels trying their rebellion over again. He + laughed at the idea, but said there was but one condition of things that + could possibly bring about such a result, and that was if the President + should undertake the restoration of all the rebel States without the + action of Congress, as he had heard hinted by some leading rebels who had + recently been in Washington. + </p> + <p> + "I asked him if it would not be well for some men of influence to be on + the alert. + </p> + <p> + "'Yes,' he replied; 'there ought to be a secret force in Washington and + elsewhere, until the reconstruction of the rebel States is complete.' + </p> + <p> + "I said no more to him at this time on the subject. Gen. Anderson said he + would call and see the General of the Army in a day or so, as he had only + visited him occasionally since in Washington, but that his calls were + always made very pleasant. + </p> + <p> + "At eight o'clock sharp I went to the War Office and found the Secretary + and the Chief of Staff to the General waiting for me. We at once entered + into conversation on the subject of the conspiracy. I made the same + suggestion that Gen. Anderson had intimated to me, which was at once + discussed and thought to be a good proposition. But how could it be done + without the whole matter being made public in some way? The Secretary + thought this was a matter that should be kept within the knowledge of a + very few discreet men. + </p> + <p> + "'True,' said I; 'but you must have a nucleus here in Washington if you + can find the man to organize it. I know a man who would be perfectly safe, + but I have a suggestion in connection with him that I think better. It is + this: My son Henry is very anxious to go to the Black Hills, but that + country being unsafe, on account of the Indians, I have been thinking that + a large number of discharged soldiers would jump at an enterprise of this + kind. They could be organized and have it so arranged that they could be + got together quickly for any emergency; and if the emergency should not + arise, when the danger should be passed the General of the Army could + properly issue an order preventing any organization or combination of men + from entering the Black Hills country, and instruct the army in that part + of the West to carry out the order. This would let the men at the head of + the organization out of the scrape, and would afford them an ample excuse + for abandoning the enterprise.' + </p> + <p> + "The Secretary said: 'This seems feasible; who could you trust with this + management?' + </p> + <p> + "I replied: 'Gen. Tom Anderson.' + </p> + <p> + "'Just the man,' replied both gentlemen. + </p> + <p> + "'The Secretary said: 'This part is in your hands. We do not wish to see + anyone but you on this part of the plan. We will give our confidence to no + one else. We hope you will not delay. We will look out for Washington. You + need not hesitate; these two men, Gen. Anderson and your son, will be + amply compensated.' + </p> + <p> + "The Chief of Staff to the General then remarked: 'I think I know the man + to take hold of matters in Washington.' He then named a man who had been a + Union officer, and who was then in the city. He was sent for and had an + interview the following afternoon with the two gentlemen mentioned. I + immediately returned, met Gen. Anderson, and asked him to go with me to my + room. When there I laid the case before him fully, imposing entire + secrecy, should the terrible threatened disaster be averted, saying to him + that Henry, my son, being young and thoughtless, must not know the inside, + but must look upon it merely as a matter of precaution, and with the + intention of carrying out the Black Hills scheme in order to get into that + rich mineral country. + </p> + <p> + "The General readily assented to all, and at once prepared to return home + with me. He visited the General of the Army the following day. + </p> + <p> + "The next morning I again visited the Secretary of War, and explained to + him the General's readiness to act. He was delighted with the arrangement, + and said to me that I must return in two weeks and let him know how + matters were progressing; that it would not do to communicate in writing. + I bade him good-by, and the General and I left for home. + </p> + <p> + "On our arrival his wife and the two children were greatly delighted, as + well as the rest of the family, including Ham and Aunt Martha. His wife, + finding that he was to remain at home for some time, was extremely happy. + Henry was now called into council and put in possession of a part of our + plan. They at once went to work diligently, and in a very short time had + made up a secret organization with a view, as understood, of going to the + Black Hills, and by moving about in the country found that any number of + good soldiers could be rendezvoused at Indianapolis ready to move by rail + in any direction required, the Black Hills being the objective. + </p> + <p> + "Gov. Morton was sent for and had an interview with the Secretary of War. + What arrangement or understanding was had between them I did not know, nor + did I ever learn. The only thing he ever said to any of us was to Gen. + Anderson, that there were plenty of arms, etc., in Indianapolis, and if he + should ever have to start for the Black Hills to let him know at once. I + suspected that he was fully posted. + </p> + <p> + "I returned in about two weeks to Washington. In the meantime the + President had attempted to send the General of the Army out of the country + into Mexico, on some civil mission. The General had positively refused to + go. By this time there was quite a bitter feeling. The President expressed + himself freely. The General was silent. + </p> + <p> + "The Secretary of War had been requested to resign, which he had refused + to do, and the excitement was warming up considerably. Many telegrams were + coming to the General of the Army from his old soldiers, saying they were + ready to come to Washington in case of trouble with the President on the + question of the enforcement of his views against the action of Congress. + The General would destroy these telegrams as fast as they came. I told the + Secretary of the progress of Gen. Anderson and Henry in reference to the + Black Hills. He was very much gratified at the result. + </p> + <p> + "I was invited to come to the War Office at about 8:30 o'clock that + evening. On arriving I was admitted by the Secretary himself. Inside the + door I found a sentinel with musket in hand, regularly on duty. I said to + the Secretary, 'How is this?' His only reply was: 'It looks warlike, does + it not?' + </p> + <p> + "On entering his private room I found the Chief of Staff to the General of + the Army and two other gentlemen. One was a man whom I knew well, the same + mentioned by the parties as being the one to take care of Washington city. + The other gentleman I had never seen. He was a resident of Washington + city, had been a Colonel in the Union army, and was now acting as + Adjutant-General and organizer under the former. These men remained during + every night in the War Department with the Secretary of War, having spies + out in Baltimore and Richmond, as well as in Washington, and knew of every + movement that was going on. They also knew of every meeting of leading + rebels with the President. I learned that their organization, secretly + armed and equipped in Washington, amounted to over 2,000 men, the object + of which was not disclosed to the men more than that it was a military + organization in favor of the Union, and to be ready on call for any + emergency. + </p> + <p> + "If the President had attempted to carry out his scheme, and any movement + had been made from either Baltimore or Richmond, or from any part of any + State, the first prisoner would have been the President. The Secretary of + War determined that his Department should not go into the hands of any one + who would be subservient to any set of conspirators, or the President, who + was to be at the head of them. + </p> + <p> + "I returned home the next day full of alarm for our country. I greatly + feared another scene of blood and desolation. I was so worried over the + situation that my family thought me ill. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson returned that night from Indianapolis, and Henry from near + Fayette. I told the General what I had seen and learned. When I told him + how the gentleman in charge of the secret forces in Washington seemed to + feel, and that he would make the President a prisoner the first thing if + any move was made, he remarked: + </p> + <p> + "'That is the way to do it! Cut off the head the first blow, and the body + will soon die.' + </p> + <p> + "Things went on in this way for a time. The President had copies of + telegrams given him from the telegraph office, which were sent from + different parts of the country, tendering the services of different + organizations of soldiers to the General of the Army. He also discovered + in some way that he would be in danger should he attempt the use of force. + </p> + <p> + "The House of Representatives now presented articles of impeachment + against him. This alarmed his co-conspirators, and the embryo rebellion + collapsed. + </p> + <p> + "I have no doubt that if the President at that time had had a General of + the Army and a Secretary of War who could have been used by him to further + his and his co-conspirators' schemes, within ninety days from the time + when I first went to Washington, as stated, this country would have been + plunged into another bloody rebellion with an unscrupulous, courageous and + desperate man at the head of it, and at the same time in possession of the + Capital of the Nation. The country has never known what it escaped and + what it owes to those men—the Secretary of War and the General of + the Army and his Chief of Staff—for standing as they did against + these machinations." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel," said Dr. Adams, "why was this matter kept so profoundly + secret?" + </p> + <p> + "There were two reasons: First, the country was easily excited at the + time, and on that account, when the danger was passed, it was thought best + to say nothing, and all who knew of it had been put upon their honor not + to disclose it. Second, it could not be verified as to the co-conspirators + in Maryland and Virginia, and the plan agreed upon by them, without + involving a man heretofore mentioned, in high position among the very + persons who were conspiring to do the deed. His exposure would doubtless + have cost him his life; and I hope you will not now ask me to say whether + he is living or dead." + </p> + <p> + "I will inquire no further on this subject," said Dr. Adams, "but would + like to know what became of the Black Hills scheme?" + </p> + <p> + "That scheme failed at or about the same time of the collapse of the new + rebellion. + </p> + <p> + "Time passed, and finally the country got rid of this President by + electing the General of the Army. We all, or many of us at least, breathed + more freely. The reorganization of the South became a fixed fact, and the + machinery moved smoothly for awhile. My son Henry was still anxious to go + to work and try his fortune in the Black Hills country. About this time + his wife bore him a fine son. He therefore left her with me and started + fortune hunting. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson made a visit to his old home in Mississippi and was, to all + outward appearance, well received. He returned home, and, after talking + the matter over with his wife, they thought it would be safe to return. + The Union men were at that time in power in Mississippi, and many Northern + people were flocking there and purchasing property. Very soon the General + and his family got ready to leave Allentown for Jackson, Miss. When the + time came for them to leave, the sorrow with us all was very great. Mary + Anderson and Seraine wept, and held to one another, instinctively fearing + that this separation was forever. The two children, little Mary and + Jennie, shrieked and screamed, and begged not to be separated. The scene + was heartrending. I felt as though my last friend was leaving me. The + General and I acted like children. We both wept and embraced each other—neither + could speak. I held poor little Mary in my arms and bathed her blessed + cheeks with my tears. Old Ham and Aunt Martha would go with 'Marsa Gen'l' + They both wept and heaped blessings upon us all. As far off as we could + see the poor old people, they were bowing and bidding us good-by. God + bless their poor souls; they were as good and as kind a couple as ever + lived! + </p> + <p> + "Seraine and I had procured good help before they left, and were, in that + particular, in excellent shape; but when the General, his wife, little + Mary and the old couple left, it was desolate, sure enough. We were lonely + in the extreme. We had been so long together, and had passed through so + many trials, had grieved, and had experienced so many sorrows together, + that no one could describe our feelings. The General, however, felt that + he could do well again at his old home, and he thought the people down + there were reconstructed and satisfied with their wrong course. + </p> + <p> + "I spent most of my time out at the farm. I would take my Jennie, as I + called my granddaughter, with me and explain everything to her, as much to + employ my own mind as hers. Henry wrote us very often. He was delighted + with the country and was doing quite well; had made money, and was + investing it in property in Yankton. Seraine's father and mother visited + us frequently, and we were living as happily as we could under all the + circumstances. + </p> + <p> + "In a few months Gen. Anderson visited us. He was feeling satisfied with + his home and was doing well. He gave a glowing description of old Ham and + Aunt Martha's happiness now that they could see other colored people. The + President had offered him (Anderson) a foreign mission, which he had + declined on account of his fine prospects in his profession in + Mississippi. + </p> + <p> + "The next year after Henry left us he returned, but was determined to make + his new home his permanent one, and insisted on Jennie and I going with + him. He said he would not leave us alone, and would stay in Indiana if we + could not go with him and Seraine. He could not think of leaving Seraine + and his fine baby boy any more. I thought I ought not to interfere with + the boy's prospects, so I agreed to go with them. I rented my house, made + arrangements about the farm, and we all left for Yankton. Henry had + purchased a nice place, and we lived there very happily together. We kept + up our correspondence with Gen. Anderson and his family. + </p> + <p> + "One day Henry came into the house very much excited, saying that he had + just seen Wintergreen on the street, who pretended not to recognize him. + The town was settling up and growing very fast. Many people from the South + were coming into the Territory as well as the town. I told Henry to beware + of this man; that he, knowing that Henry had his secrets, might, through + fear, if nothing else, do him some harm. One day there were quite a number + of persons near a billiard hall, in a dispute about some matter. + Wintergreen was in the midst of the crowd. Henry stepped up out of + curiosity to ascertain the cause of the trouble. Wintergreen spied him, + drew his revolver, and shot him dead.' + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams exclaimed, "My God! Your last son!" + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Uncle Daniel with a tremulous voice, "this was the last of my + dear family. So you see, gentlemen, as I first stated, my home is + desolate. Why should I wish to buffet the world longer? This was the + fulfillment of my good wife's dream—the seven fingers were now gone. + </p> + <p> + "Wintergreen escaped. The distress of Henry's wife, as well as my own + grief, I will not undertake to describe. We conveyed his body to Allentown + and there laid him to rest with his mother and brothers. Gen. Anderson, + learning of our affliction, met us at our old home. Seraine and I remained + with our little family at Allentown, I getting back my house. I broke down + under this last sorrow, and was confined to the house for more than a + year. Seraine cared for me as she would for her own father, and this child + here, my dear Jennie, was with me and by my bedside nearly the whole time + of my sickness. God bless her!" + </p> + <p> + "So say we all!" was the response from those present. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson visited me several times during my illness. His wife and + little daughter came and spent a month with us, which added greatly to + what happiness we could then enjoy. + </p> + <p> + "The men who had been in rebellion now began to show their feeling and + take hold of the politics of the South. Gen. Anderson was very prominent + as a lawyer and a leader in political affairs in Mississippi. The rebels + now commenced to organize secret societies similar to those that were in + the North during the war. Another Presidential canvass came on, and the + then President was re-elected. Very soon political matters in that part of + the country, in State affairs, became very exciting. Prominent men were + threatened; colored men were whipped and driven away from meetings; raids + were made upon their houses in the night-time and many were murdered—some + white men sharing the same fate. + </p> + <p> + "Gen. Anderson used all of his influence to stay this tide of oppression + and wrong. He was threatened with violence, but did not believe they would + assault him. He was a brave man, and could not think of leaving his + friends, but determined to stand by them. Quite a number of Northern men + were driven from that part of the country, and their property destroyed. A + perfect reign of terror prevailed. + </p> + <p> + "The General moved into another county, so as to be out of the excitement + as much as possible. At a political meeting near the capital of the State, + Gen. McKee, a Northern man, without any provocation whatever, was brutally + assaulted and almost murdered for making a Republican speech. This + character of conduct continued until one day in court, where some of these + men were being tried for their outrages, the General denounced this course + as brutal, and such as ought to make barbarians blush. A mob collected + around the court-house and made threats of violence against him, + denouncing him as a ——- Yank and not fit to live. They then + and there notified him to leave the State within five days, and that if + found there longer than this his life should pay the forfeit. + </p> + <p> + "He had determined not to leave, so he prepared himself and remained at + home. At the end of the five days a mob collected about his house and + demanded that he leave at once. They were boisterous and threatening. One + of his neighbors was at his house and prepared to assist the General in + defense of his home and family. His wife and little girl were so much + alarmed that they screamed and cried for help. Finally the General, + standing in his door, flatly refused to leave. A volley was fired at him, + one shot taking effect in his right thigh. His little daughter ran to him + and threw her arms about his neck, shrieking and begging for her papa. His + neighbor fired from a window, wounding one of the mob. + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0028" id="linkimage-0028"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0449.jpg" width="100%" + alt="Murderous Assault Upon Gen. Anderson and Family 449 " /> + </div> + <p> + "This was like fanning the flame. They rushed upon the house, firing + indiscriminately. The General was shot three times and fell dead. His + little daughter, with her arms about his neck, received a shot in her left + breast, from which she died in a few minutes. His neighbor, Gibson, was as + brutally murdered in the house, being riddled with bullets. Old Ham ran + out of the kitchen to make his escape and was shot dead in the yard. Mary + Anderson fell senseless to the floor. Old Aunt Martha was the only soul + left to do anything. She was on her knees praying while the mob was doing + their desperate and bloody work. They retired yelling like Indians after + taking scalps. Poor old Martha ran to one of the neighbors for help, but + could get none from white people. A few old colored people gathered at the + house and cared as best they could for the dead. + </p> + <p> + "For two days this family of dead and stricken lay without a white person + coming to the house to aid or assist. The enemies would not, and the few + friends were afraid to do so. The General, little Mary, and Mr. Gibson + were buried by the colored people in the best manner they could. Mary + Anderson became a raving maniac and died in about one week after, and was + buried by the side of her husband and daughter, a minister and a few women + having come to look after her since the interment of the other dead. Old + Ham was laid away by the colored people. Aunt Martha was grieved beyond + expression, and alarmed for fear she also would be murdered. She prayed + night and day to be brought back to her 'Marsa Lyon.' + </p> + <p> + "The colored people, having great respect for the General and his family, + made up money enough to send Aunt Martha back to my house. A young colored + man ventured to come with her, for which I remunerated him. This poor old + woman's story was enough to melt the most obdurate heart. She talked + constantly of the General, his wife, little Mary, and poor old Ham, and + felt that the 'good Laud' had deserted them for some reason." + </p> + <p> + We were all dumfounded at the recital of these barbarous murders. + </p> + <p> + "My God!" exclaimed Dr. Adams, "what is this people coming to?" + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush shed tears, but could not speak. All were silent. Uncle Daniel + left the room, but returned in a few moments and said: + </p> + <p> + "My friends, you can now see why I so often have said, 'What have I to + live for?' Why should I desire to remain here and brood over my great + misfortunes and sorrows longer?" + </p> + <p> + Finally Col. Bush walked the floor, and in a most subdued tone, said: "For + such a man and so noble a family to die in such a villainous manner! Did + no one suffer punishment for this diabolical crime?" + </p> + <p> + "No, not one was punished. The matter was investigated, but that was all." + </p> + <p> + "Well, I have asked myself heretofore the question, why did I give my + right arm for such a Government? That such a man, who had served his + country as faithfully as he, could be thus brutally murdered, with his + family, and no one punished for it, is a marvel to me; and no doubt some + of his murderers are now holding high official position!" + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said Uncle Daniel, "one of the instigators of this crime has held + office ever since, as a Southern patriot who nobly assisted in ridding the + South of one of those Northern Yankees." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, what became of Aunt Martha?" inquired Maj. Clymer. + </p> + <p> + "Poor old woman, she lived with Seraine and me for about three years after + her return, when she sickened and died. When she spoke on any subject she + would finally get to those murders. They preyed upon her mind constantly, + and I think hastened her death." + </p> + <p> + "How strange that all who were connected with your household during the + war should have had such a fate!" + </p> + <p> + "Yes, my friends, it has been the one unaccountable mystery in my life. + Poor old Joseph Dent died in the same year, and I was left almost alone. + My dear Jennie, a few years ago, married Mr. Wilson, and I came to live + with them in Oakland. Seraine went to her father and mother in Michigan. + They are both alive and she remains with them. Her son Harvey—named + for his uncle, my youngest son, who was murdered at the battle of the + Gaps, if you remember—is now in Chicago working as one of the + cash-boys in a dry-goods store. I thought, as he was the last link in our + family, that the Government owed it to us to send him to the West Point + Military Academy, but I could not get him into the school. The member from + here was not favorable, inasmuch as he was an anti-war Democrat during the + rebellion. Harvey is making his own living now and I hope he may have a + bright future. He often comes to see us. Poor Seraine; when the boy could + not get into West Point, it almost broke her heart. She said to me: + </p> + <p> + "'Father, how shallow is this world. You, his grandfather, lost seven + sons, six in the army. This boy's father was starved near unto death in + Pine Forest Prison. I, his mother, risked my life in going through the + rebel lines to obtain his release. He was murdered by one of the + conspirators; and now we are forgotten. No one cares what we suffered + during and since the war. My son cannot even have the poor privilege of + being educated by the Government, when the sons of nearly every rebel + General who tried to destroy the Union are now under the guardianship of + the Government, being educated either at West Point for the army, or at + Annapolis for the navy.'" + </p> + <p> + Dr. Adams said: "This is hard; it is uncharitable, and shows a great want + of the proper gratitude that should be due under the circumstances." + </p> + <p> + Col. Bush said: "What does the Government or people care for those who + made the sacrifices? We are so far away from the war now in space of time, + that we are not only forgotten, but regarded as pests in society. Are the + people not grumbling about what has been done for the soldiers? Do they + not complain about our pensions? A few years more, however, and all of us + cripples, one-armed and one-legged and those who are wholly armless and + legless, will have passed away out of sight. The recognition now is not to + the victors, but to the vanquished. If you wish to be respected by a + certain class, North or South, only make it appear that you headed a band + of marauders during the war, dealing death to Union men and destroying + their property, and you will be invited to agricultural shows, to the + lecture halls, and upon the stump; and if still living in the South, you + will either be sent to the United States Senate, made Governor, or sent on + some foreign mission." + </p> + <p> + "Uncle Daniel, what became of Thomlinson and Carey, the Canadian + conspirators," inquired Inglesby. + </p> + <p> + "They are both dead, and many of their co-workers also. There has been a + very great mortality among the leaders of the rebellion. That is to say, + the older men—those who were somewhat advanced in years when it + began." + </p> + <p> + "Are many of the Northern men of whom you have spoken in your narratives + as rebel sympathizers, Knights of the Golden Circle, or Sons of Liberty, + still living?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes, they were generally young or middle-aged men, and with few + exceptions are still living, and are, almost without an exception, in some + official position—some of them in the highest and most honorable in + our Nation." + </p> + <p> + "This could not have occurred in any other Government than ours, and is + passing strange," said Dr. Adams. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, that is true; but do you not remember my mentioning the fact that + Hibbard, who was connected with one of the rebel prisons during the war, + came North last Fall to teach us our duty? I also said that probably he + would be sent abroad to impress some foreign country with our Christian + civilization." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, I well remember what you said." + </p> + <p> + "Well, I see by the papers that he has been appointed to a Foreign + Mission. I also see that a man of great brutality, who is said to have + been connected with one of the prisons in Richmond, has been put in charge + of all appointments in the greatest Department of the Government—the + Treasury." + </p> + <p> + "Are these things so? Can it be possible?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes, these are truths. This is merely testing us in order to see how much + the people will bear; and they seem to bear these things without a murmur. + The next will be stronger. If the people of the South see that they are + sustained in this by the people of the large cities North, on account of a + fear that they may lose Southern trade, what may they not demand? + Certainly, very soon nothing less than Vice-President will be accepted, + and the same people who sustain these things now will cry out that this is + right!" + </p> + <p> + "It does look so. I have been studying this question since you have been + reciting your experiences and giving the views of yourself and others, and + am now prepared to agree that greed is at the bottom of all this. This + same greed is one of the several dangers that threaten our country's + institutions to-day. It causes crimes and wrongs to be overlooked, and in + many cases defended, in order to gain influence with the people who are + determined by any means in their power to control the Government." + </p> + <p> + "Yes; and see the progress they are making in this direction. As I have + said, there is not a man, with but very few exceptions, North, who + denounced the war and those who were engaged in prosecuting it, who is not + in some official position. Turn to the South. So far as they are concerned + it may seem natural for them to select from their own class; but why + should the North fall in with them? You have given, in your answer to me, + the only reasonable answer—that of greed and gain; but to see this + great change in the minds of the people in so short a time is strange + indeed. Twenty years ago they were thundering at the very gates of our + Capital. To-day they control the country. There is not a man, save the + President of the Southern Confederacy and a very few of the leaders in the + war made to destroy our Government, who is not now in some honorable + position if he wishes to be. We find them representing us in the + first-class missions abroad, in the second-class and in the third-class; + and there not being high places enough of this kind, that the world may + know the Confederacy has been recognized fully by our people since its + downfall, those who were in high positions under it now take to the + Consulships and are accepting them as rapidly as can well be done. + </p> + <p> + "You find your Cabinet largely represented by their leading men, and many + of your Auditors, your Assistant Secretaries, Bureau officers, etc., are + of them. This not being satisfactory, all the other appointments South are + made up of those men to the exclusion of every one who was a Union man + before, during, or since the war. The Government not furnishing places + enough, all the State, county, and city offices South are filled in the + same manner by this same class. This still does not satisfy, and all men + sent to the United States Senate or to the House of Representatives from + the South, with only one or two exceptions, are of the same class. In fact + all of Jeff. Davis's Cabinet, his Senate and House of Representatives, and + his Generals that are living, and who desire, are holding official + positions of some kind. What does this argue? Does it not notify us who + have made sacrifices for this Union that our services are no longer + desired, and that we are waste material, of no further use for any + purpose? + </p> + <p> + "Who could have believed, while the war was going on, that this state of + things could ever have existed? Suppose this picture had been held up + before my seven dead sons when they entered the service. Suppose they + could have seen their mother's dream realized—all in their graves + beside their mother, and their father living on the charities of a + grandchild, laughed at in the streets by young men when speaking of the + wrongs inflicted by the rebellion, and told that this is of the past—how + many of them do you suppose would have gone right up to the enemy's guns + and been shot down in their young manhood? + </p> + <p> + "Suppose Gen. Tom Anderson could have seen a howling mob murdering his + family and no punishment for the murderers; would he have risked his life + hunting up the Knights of the Golden Circle and chancing it in battle, as + he did, for his country, that the rebels might control it, and that, too, + through the influence of the North, whose all was at stake, and whose + fortunes were saved and protected by such men as he? I doubt if patriotism + would have gone so far. Can you find me the patriot to-day that, deep down + in his heart, likes this condition of things?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes; but Uncle Daniel, these men are not rebels now. They are Democrats," + said Maj. Clymer. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, true; but they are no more Democrats now than they were then, and + they were no less Democrats then than they are now. But I should not say + more; I have had trouble enough. Why should I grieve for the condition of + things which were not expected? I and mine have paid dearly for this + lesson. I hope it may never fall to the lot of any one else to pass + through such an experience. I shall see but little more trouble. May God + forgive all and protect the right." + </p> + <p> + <a name="linkimage-0029" id="linkimage-0029"> + <!-- IMG --></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img src="images/tom0456.jpg" width="100%" alt="Death of Uncle Daniel 456 " /> + </div> + <p> + Uncle Daniel here ceased speaking and sank back in his chair. His + granddaughter came into the room. Seeing him, she screamed and fell upon + his neck. We moved quickly to him. He was dead. + </p> + <p> + THE END. <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Uncle Daniel's Story Of "Tom" Anderson, by +John McElroy + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK UNCLE DANIEL'S STORY *** + +***** This file should be named 31769-h.htm or 31769-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/1/7/6/31769/ + +Produced by David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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