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diff --git a/3246-h/3246-h.htm b/3246-h/3246-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9613061 --- /dev/null +++ b/3246-h/3246-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2198 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> + + <title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 365.</title> + + <style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {margin-right: 40%; margin-left: 40%; width: 20%;} + + .note, .footnote + {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum + {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem + {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;} + + .figure + {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;} + .figure img + {border: none;} + .figure p + + .side { float:right; + font-size: 75%; + width: 25%; + padding-left:10px; + border-left: dashed thin; + margin-left: 10px; + text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; + font-weight: bold; + font-style: italic;} + --> + </style> +</head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, No. 365, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, No. 365 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: July 10, 2004 [EBook #3246] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders + + + + + +</pre> + + <hr class="full" /> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page241" name="page241"></a>[pg 241]</span> + + <h1>THE MIRROR<br /> + OF<br /> + LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1> + <hr class="full" /> + + <table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date"> + <tr> + <td align="left"><b>Vol. XIII, No. 365.</b></td> + <td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, APRIL 11, 1829.</b></td> + <td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + + + + + +<h2>OLD SOMERSET HOUSE.</h2> + +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href="images/365-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/365-1.png" alt="OLD SOMERSET HOUSE" /></a> OLD SOMERSET HOUSE.</div> + + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page242" name="page242"></a>[pg 242]</span> + +<p>The Engraving on the annexed page is, perhaps, one of the greatest +antiquarian treasures it has for some time been our good fortune to +introduce to the readers of the MIRROR. It represents the original +SOMERSET HOUSE, which derived its name from Edward Seymour, Duke of +Somerset, maternal uncle to Edward VI., and Protector of the realm during +most of the reign of that youthful sovereign. The time at which this +nobleman commenced his magnificent palace (called <i>Somerset House</i>) has +been generally faxed at the year 1549; but that he had a residence on +this spot still earlier, is evident from two of his own letters, as well +as from his "cofferer's" account, which states that from April 1, 1548, +to October 7, 1551, "the entire cost of Somerset House, up to that +period, amounted to 10,091<i>l</i>. 9<i>s</i>. 2<i>d</i>." By comparing this sum with +the value of money in the present day, we may form some idea of the +splendour of the Protector's palace, as well as from Stow, who, in his +"Survaie," second edition, published in 1603, styles it "a large and +beautiful house, but yet unfinished." The architect is supposed to have +been John of Padua, who came to England in the reign of Henry VIII.—this +being one of the first buildings designed from the Italian orders that +was ever erected in this kingdom. Stow tells us there were several +buildings pulled down to make room for this splendid structure, among +which he enumerates the original parish church of St. Mary-le-Strand; +Chester's or Strand Inne; a house belonging to the Bishop of Llandaff; +"in the high street a fayre bridge, called <i>Strand Bridge</i>, and under it +a lane or waye, down to the landing-place on the banke of Thames;" and +the <i>Inne</i> or London lodging of the Bishop of Chester and the Bishop of +Worcester. Seymour states, that the site of St. Mary's church became a +part of the garden of Somerset House; and that when the Protector pulled +down the old church, he promised to build a new one for the parishioners, +but his death prevented his fulfilling that engagement. The Strand Bridge +formed part of the public highway; and through it, according to Maitland, +"ran a small watercourse from the fields, which, gliding along a lane +below, had its influx to the Thames near Somerset Stairs."<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a></p> + +<p>Besides the places above mentioned, the palace-building Protector pulled +down part of the Priory church of St. John, Clerkenwell, a chapel and +cloisters near St. Paul's cathedral, for the sake of the materials. He +was, however, soon overtaken by justice, for in the proclamation, October +8, 1549, against the Duke of Somerset, previously to his arrest, he is +charged with "enriching himselfe," and building "sumptuous and faire +houses," during "all times of the wars in France and Scotland, leaving +the king's poore soldiers unpaid of their wages." After the attainder and +execution of the Protector, on Tower Hill, January 22, 1552-3, Somerset +Place devolved to the Crown, and was conferred by the king upon his +sister, the Princess Elizabeth, who resided here during her short visit +to the court in the reign of Queen Mary. Elizabeth, after her succession +to the throne, lent Somerset Place to Lord Hunsdon, (her chamberlain,) +whose guest she occasionally became. He died here in 1596. On the death +of Elizabeth, it appears to have become a jointure-house, or dotarial +palace, of the queens' consort; of whom Anne of Denmark, queen of James +I. kept a splendid court here. Arthur Wilson, in his "History of King +James," generally calls this mansion "the queen's palace in the Strand;" +but it was more commonly called Denmark House; and Strype says that by +the queen "this house was much repaired and beautified, and improved by +new buildings and enlargements. She also brought hither water from Hyde +Park in pipes." Dr. Fuller remarks that this edifice was so tenacious of +the name of the Duke of Somerset, "though he was not full five years +possessor of it, that he would not change a duchy for a kingdom, when +solemnly proclaimed by King James, Denmark House, from the king of +Denmark lodging therein, and his sister, Queen Anne, repairing thereof."</p> + +<p>Pennant says, "Inigo Jones<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> built the back-front and water-gate about +the year 1623;" but it may be questioned whether these were not the new +buildings spoken of as having been previously raised by Anne of Denmark. +Pennant likewise speaks of the chapel which was begun by Jones in the +same year.</p> + +<p>Denmark House was next fitted up for Henrietta Maria, queen of Charles +I., and settled on her for life. By her marriage articles, extraordinary +concessions were made in favour of the Catholics. The queen was not only +allowed to have, herself, the free exercise of the "Roman Catholic +Apostolic religion," but all her <span class="pagenum"><a id="page243" name="page243"></a>[pg 243]</span> children were to be brought up in the +same faith; she was to have a chapel in all the royal palaces; a bishop +of her own faith was to be her almoner; twenty-eight priests, or +ecclesiastics, were to serve in her chapel; the domestics of her +household were to be French Catholics, &c. Thus, this mansion became the +very focus of Catholicism, and a convent of Capuchin friars was +established here by the queen. At length, in 1642, it was ordered by the +Parliament that "the altar and chapel in <i>Somerset House</i> be forthwith +burnt," and that the Capuchins be "sent into France."</p> + +<p>In 1659, the Commons resolved that Somerset House, with all its +appurtenances, should be sold for the partial discharge of the great +arrears due to the army; and Ludlow states, that it was sold for +10,000<i>l</i>. except the chapel; but the restoration of King Charles +prevented the agreement from being fulfilled.</p> + +<p>This mansion was frequently used for the state reception of the remains +of deceased persons of high rank previously to their interment. The +Protector, Oliver Cromwell, was laid in state here; and Ludlow states, +that the folly and profusion of this display so provoked the people, that +they "threw dirt, in the night, on his escutcheon, that was placed over +the great gate of Somerset House." After the restoration of Charles II. +Somerset House reverted to the queen dowager, who returned to England in +1660; went back to France, but returning in 1662, she took up her +residence at Somerset House; when Cowley and Waller wrote some courtly +verses in honour of this edifice, the latter complimenting the queen with +Somerset House rising at her command, "like the <i>first creation</i>."</p> + +<p>In 1670, the remains of Monck, Duke of Albemarle, were laid here "for +many weeks in royal state." For several years subsequently to this period +the mansion was but little occupied; but in 1677, the Prince of Orange, +afterwards William III., resided here for a short period prior to his +marriage. In 1678, Somerset House became the reputed, if not the real +scene of the mysterious murder of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey, which is +attributed to the Papists connected with the chapel establishment of +Catherine of Braganza, queen of Charles II.; to whom this mansion was +destined, contingently, as a jointure-house, and who was occasionally +lodged here when Charles's gallantries had rendered it incompatible for +her to be at Whitehall. On the king's decease, in 1685, she removed +hither entirely, and kept her court here till 1692, when she departed for +Portugal, leaving her palace to the Earl of Faversham, who continued to +inhabit it till after the decease of the queen dowager in 1705.</p> + +<p>From a description about 1720, we learn that "the stately piles of new +brick houses on both sides of Somerset House, much eclipse that palace." +At the entrance from the Strand, "is a spacious square court, garnished +on all sides with rows of freestone buildings, and at the front is a +piazza, with stone pillars, and a pavement of freestone. Besides this +court there are other larger ones, which are descended towards the river +by spacious stairs of freestone. The outward beauty of this court appears +by a view from the water, having a good front, and a most pleasant +garden, which runs to the water side. More westward is a large yard +adjoining to the Savoy, made use of for a coach-house and stables; at the +bottom of which are stairs, much used by watermen, this being a noted +place for landing and taking water at." The water gate was ornamented +with the figures of Thames and Isis, and in the centre of the +water-garden was a statue. The principal garden was a kind of raised +terrace, (ascended by steps from the water side) in which there was a +large basin, once dignified with a fountain. The ground was laid out in +parterres, near the angles of which statues were placed; one of them, a +Mercury, in brass, had been appraised, in 1649, at 500<i>l</i>.</p> + +<p>In the early part of the last century, Somerset House was occasionally +appropriated to masquerades and other court entertainments. In the reign +of George II. William, Prince of Orange, resided here a short time; and +in 1764, the hereditary Prince of Brunswick became an inmate, prior to +his nuptials with the Princess Augusta, sister to George III. In April, +1763, a splendid fete was given here to the Venetian ambassadors, who +were entertained several days in this mansion.</p> + +<p>In the year 1761, the second of his late majesty, Somerset House was +settled on the queen consort, in the event of her surviving the king; but +in April, 1775, in consequence of a royal message to Parliament, it was +resolved, that "Buckingham House, now called the Queen's House," should +be settled on her majesty in lieu of the former, which was to be vested +in the king, his heirs and successors, "for the purpose of erecting and +establishing certain public offices." An act was consequently passed in +the same year, and shortly afterwards the building of the present stately +pile was commenced under the superintendence of the late Sir William +Chambers. Extensive, however, <span class="pagenum"><a id="page244" name="page244"></a>[pg 244]</span> as the buildings are, the original plan +has never been fully executed, and the eastern side is altogether +unfinished. The splendour of the building is, however, shortly to be +completed by the erection of another wing, to be appropriated as the +King's College; and surveys have already been made for this purpose.</p> + +<p>The print represents the original mansion, or, we should rather say, city +of mansions, with its monastic chapel, and geometrical gardens, laid out +in the trim style of our forefathers. The suite of state apartments in +the principal front was very splendid, and previously to their being +dismantled by Sir William Chambers, they exhibited a sorry scene of royal +finery and attic taste. Mouldering walls and decayed furniture, broken +casements, falling roofs, and long ranges of uninhabited and +uninhabitable apartments, winding stairs, dark galleries, and long +arcades—all combined to present to the mind in strong, though gloomy +colours, a correct picture of the transitory nature of sublunary +splendour.</p> + +<p>In the distance of the print is the celebrated Strand maypole, although +its situation there does not coincide with that marked out in more recent +prints. The original of our Engraving is a scarce print, by Hollar, who +died in 1677.</p> + +<p>In the year 1650, an act was passed for the sale of the "honours, manors, +and lands heretofore belonging to the late king, queen, and prince," for +the payment of the army; and under that act were sold several tenements, +&c. "belonging unto Somerset House." In this list were several signs, and +it is remarkable, that the <i>Red Lion</i>, (opposite the <i>Office of the +Mirror</i>, and at the corner of Catherine-street, in the Strand) is the +only one which now remains. The <i>Lion</i> may still be seen on the front of +the house. The Red Lion wine vaults, three doors from this corner was +probably named from the above, since nearly every house formerly had its +sign.</p> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>JERUSALEM.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>City of God—thy palaces o'erthrown—</p> +<p>Thy nation branded—tribes o'er earth dispersed:</p> +<p>Thy temple ruin'd, and thy glory fled,—</p> +<p>Speak of thy impious crimes, thy daring guilt,</p> +<p>And tell a tale whose lines are traced in blood.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i10"> No more from hence ascends</p> +<p>The sacrificial smoke; the priest no more</p> +<p>Sheds blood of lambs, to expiate thy crimes—</p> +<p>Crimes foul as hell—crimes which the blood of Him,</p> +<p>Who came from heaven to die for guilty man,</p> +<p>Alone could purge,—and innocence impart.</p> +<p>Here holy David tuned his harp to strains</p> +<p>Sublime as those of angels, when he sung</p> +<p>In dulcet melody the praise of Him</p> +<p>Who should redeem from guilt the sons of man,</p> +<p>And rescue who in Him believed from death—</p> +<p>That second death—of which the first is type.</p> +<p>Here lived—here died—whom prophets long foretold,</p> +<p>Whom angels worship and whom seraphs praise,</p> +<p>The Son of God, mysterious God-Man:</p> +<p>He was rejected by the Jew; and here—</p> +<p>To fill the awful measure of their guilt—</p> +<p>At noon, a deed was done, without a peer;</p> +<p>A deed, unequalled since the world began,</p> +<p>The masterpiece of sin, of crime the chief;</p> +<p>At which the sun grew dark, earth's pillars shook,</p> +<p>Chaotic gloom as erst o'erspread the land,</p> +<p>And nature frowned at insults paid her God—</p> +<p>The crucifixion of His only Son.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">Here now the banner of the prophet false,</p> +<p>Unfolds its silken folds to taunt the Jew;</p> +<p>The moslem minarets lift high their heads.</p> +<p>And raise their summits in the placid sky—</p> +<p>As tho' to rouse from his deep lethargy</p> +<p>The hardened Jew; to wrest from Paynim hordes</p> +<p>The Holy City, once the abode of God.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">But shall Mohammed's banner ever float</p> +<p>On Salem's ruins? Shaft her sacred dust</p> +<p>Where Christ has shed His blood, by infidels</p> +<p>Be ever trodden down? Shall her temple</p> +<p>Prostrate lie, to cause the impious mock</p> +<p>Of Mussulmen for ever? It may not be.</p> +<p>Ere many years wane in eternity,</p> +<p>That banner shall be plucked from its proud height—</p> +<p>Those tow'ring minarets shall fall to earth</p> +<p>And God again be worshipp'd thro' the land.</p> +<p>David's fair city shall be then rebuilt;</p> +<p>Her pristine beauty shall be far surpassed</p> +<p>By more than mortal splendour; her temple</p> +<p>Point high its turrets to the skies—and He,</p> +<p>The God of Hosts with glory fill the place!</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>S.J.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>PARLIAMENTS, ANCIENT AND MODERN.</h2> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>Chamberlayne in his <i>Notitia Angliæ</i>, says, "Before the conquest, the +great council of the king, consisting only of the great men of the +kingdom, was called <i>Magnatum Conventus</i>, or else <i>Prælatorum Procerumque +Concilium</i>, and by the Saxons in their own tongue <i>Micel Gemote</i>,<a id="footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> the +great assembly; after the conquest about the beginning of King Edward I., +some say in the time of Henry I., it was called by the French word +<i>Parlementum</i>, from <i>Parler</i>, to talk together; still consisting (as +divers authors affirm) only of the great men of the nation, until the +reign of Henry III. when the commons <span class="pagenum"><a id="page245" name="page245"></a>[pg 245]</span> also were called to sit in +parliament; for divers authors presume to say, the first writs to be +found in records, sent forth to them, bear date 49 Henry III. Yet some +antiquaries are of opinion, that long before, nothing of moment wherein +the lives or estates of the common people of England were concerned, ever +passed without their consent."</p> + + +<p>In Edward the Third's time, an act of parliament, made in the reign of +William the Conqueror, was pleaded in the case of the Abbey of St. +Edmund's Bury, and judicially allowed by the court. Hence it appears that +parliaments or general councils are coeval with the kingdom itself.</p> + +<p>Sir Walter Raleigh thinks the Commons were first called on the 17th of +Henry I.</p> + +<p><i>Parliamentum de la Blande</i>, was a denomination to a parliament in Edward +the Second's time, whereto the barons came armed against the two +Spencers, with coloured bands on their sleeves for distinction.</p> + +<p><i>Parliamentum Insanum</i>, was a parliament held at Oxford, anno 41 Henry +III. so called, because the lords came with great retinues of armed men +to it; and many things were violently transacted therein against the +king's prerogative.</p> + +<p><i>Parliamentum Indoctorum</i>, was a parliament held at Coventry, 6th Henry +VI. whereunto by special precept to the sheriffs of the several counties, +no lawyer, or person skilled in the law was to be called.</p> + +<p><i>Parliamentum Diabolicum</i>, was a parliament held at Coventry, 38th Henry +VI. wherein Edward, Earl of March (afterwards king) and several others +were attainted. The acts passed therein were annulled in the succeeding +parliament.</p> + +<p>"In 1524, April 15, (says Stowe) a parliament was begun at the Blacke +Friers, wherein was demanded a subsidy of £800,000. to be raised of goods +and lands, four shillings in every pound; and in the end was granted two +shillings. This parliament was adjourned to Westminster, among the blacke +monks, and ended in the king's palace there the 14th of August, at nine +of the clocke in the night, and was therefore called the <i>Blacke +Parliament</i>."</p> + +<p>Parliaments formerly sat in Westminster Hall and the Chapter house. "In +1397, (says Pennant) when in the reign of Richard II. the hall was +extremely ruinous, he built a temporary room for his parliament formed +with wood, covered with tiles. It was open on all sides, that the +constituents might see every thing that was said and done; and to secure +freedom of debate, he surrounded the house with 4,000 Cheshire archers, +with bows bent, and arrows knocked ready to shoot. This fully answered +the intent, for every sacrifice was made to the royal presence."</p> + +<p>The place where the commons of Great Britain, now hold their assemblies, +was built by king Stephen, and dedicated to his namesake the +proto-martyr. It was beautifully rebuilt by Edward III. in 1347, and by +him made a collegiate church, and a dean and twelve secular priests +appointed. Soon after its surrender to Edward VI. it was applied to its +present use. The revenues at that period were not less than £1,085 a +year.</p> + +<p>When the royal assent (says de Lolme) is given to a public bill, the +clerk says, <i>le Roy le veut</i>. If the bill be a private one, he says, +<i>soit fait comme il est désiré</i>. If the bill has subsidies for its +objects, he says, <i>le Roy remercie ses loyaux sujets, accepte leur +benevolence ainsi le veut</i>. Lastly, if the King does not think proper to +assent to the bill, the clerk says, <i>le Roy s'en avisera</i>; which is a +mild way of giving a refusal. This custom was introduced at the conquest, +and has been continued, like other matters of form, which sometimes exist +for ages after the real substance of things has been altered; and judge +Blackstone expresses himself on this subject in the following words:—"A +badge, it must be owned, (now the only one remaining) of conquest; and +which one would wish to see fall into total oblivion, unless it be +reserved as a solemn memento to remind us that our liberties are mortal, +having once been destroyed by a foreign power." (De Lolme.) Under the +walls of the <i>legal</i> parliament, there is held an <i>illegal</i> parliament, +composed of <i>livery</i> men, who assemble in the members' servants +waiting-room. Every year, a speaker or chairman is chosen, and each +member addresses the other by the title his master bears. In case of +disputes, &c., the speaker (who sits in an elevated chair) decides, and +if there is any unparliamentary conduct, the party is fined.</p> + +<p>This <i>ground</i> parliament has powers peculiar to itself, and never +interferes with the <i>upper</i> parliament under the same roof, its powers +not being so great as the "<i>Senatus populusque Romanus</i>." It is an annual +parliament, but does not extend to universal suffrage. The members vacate +their <i>seats</i> or <i>stands</i>, when discharged by their masters in the +<i>upper</i>, or legal parliament. This parliament prints no journals, its +<i>acts</i> not extending beyond the room, except when the <i>Irish members turn +out</i> in palace yard. N.B. No member can be admitted till the fees <span class="pagenum"><a id="page246" name="page246"></a>[pg 246]</span> are +paid. For further information relating to this self-elected parliament, +see the rules and regulations over the mantelpiece in the room.</p> + +<p>P.T.W.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>Fine Arts.</h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>THE COLOSSEUM.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>The legitimate name of Mr. Hornor's colossal edifice in the Regent's +Park, we believe, was first set forth as the Gyrôrama, Girorama, +Panopticon, or General View. The Catholic Church of Berlin, although +diminutive in proportion to the Marylebone wonder, is, with the solitary +exception of the Pantheon at Rome, the only structure, perhaps, that +bears any resemblance to it in form and feature.</p> + +<p>The porch, or, more properly speaking, the ôropylaion, or +fore-temple, is about the height of our Pantheon facade in Oxford Street; +and the apex of the dome may probably correspond in elevation with the +roof of that building. The whole effect, however, when viewed from the +great square in front of the opera house at Berlin, is extremely +pleasing; and, associating itself by general outline with the ideas of +the grand prototype of the eternal city, derives a degree of importance +which a minuter inspection would not confer. There are numerous churches +in Berlin, but three only which lay claim to particular notice, St. +Nicolas, the French Church, (standing on one side of the above mentioned +square) and the Catholic Church. The architecture of these is not pure in +any single instance; it having been the prevailing taste of the period +when they were erected to over-charge the building with ornament, and +substitute one or more gorgeous embellishments as appendages to the +design, for that chaste and elegant simplicity which is so essential a +part of grandeur. Accordingly we find several of the largest +ecclesiastical edifices, the site and contour of which would otherwise +entitle them to distinction, disfigured by some overpowering +frontispizio, and presenting a complication of decorative details which +distort the outline, and, in spite of toilsome and finished sculpture, +mar the truth and elegance of classic design.</p> + +<p>There are seven doors surmounted by tablets of tolerably good sculpture +from scriptural history, five in the front and two at the sides of the +porch, the pediment of which rests on six columns of the Ionic order, and +is enriched by alto relievos, illustrative of our Saviour's ministry, as +also by marble statues representing the Virtues, &c. The entablature +bears an inscription relative to the occasion and date of this building +being erected in the last century. The interior is plain, and more +conspicuous for an accumulation of dirt and dust (a very common +characteristic of Berlin) than of ornament; the four-and-twenty +Corinthian columns, however, which contribute their support to the dome +are imposing in their appearance. The high altar and sacristy are +constructed in a recess formed by the annexation of a small chancel to +the rotunda. This church, built of freestone, stands in an angle of the +Place des Gens d' Armes, immediately behind the great Salle des +Spectacles (schauspielhaus) or theatre, in one of the finest squares of +Berlin. With the exception of a few small chapels, it is the only +Catholic place of worship in that city, the religion of Prussia being +chiefly Lutheran.</p> + +<p>J.R.</p> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>HOGARTH.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + + +<p>An interesting discovery of paintings by Hogarth, viz. "The Modern +Midnight Conversation," and the "Hudson's Bay Company's Porters going to +Dinner," was made about three years' ago, upon the demolition of the old +Elephant public-house, Fenchurch-street.<a id="footnotetag4" name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> The pictures were the +undoubted productions of Hogarth, something more than one hundred years +since, at which time he lodged there. The house was known as the Elephant +and Castle, where it had been customary for the parochial authorities to +have an entertainment, the celebration of which, from some cause, was +unexpectedly removed to Harry the Eighth's head, opposite, and still in +the same line of business. This removal being mentioned to our artist on +his return home at night, irritated him not a little, at what he +considered the neglect with which he had been treated in not being +invited as formerly. He therefore went over to the King's Head, where +some discussion took place, which it is supposed was not very amicable, +as he left them (as the clock indicates, at past four in the morning,) +threatening to stick them all up on the walls of the tap-room in the +Elephant and Castle, which, as an eminent modern artist said, most +emphatically, upon his first seeing the picture after it had been removed +and placed on canvass,—Hogarth had done <i>Con Amore</i>.</p> + +<p>The proposition being made to the host, he agreed to wipe out Hogarth's +score upon his completing the picture, which attracted much company; so +that, although the house lost the dinner party, it gained <span class="pagenum"><a id="page247" name="page247"></a>[pg 247]</span> by persons +coming to see the parochial authorities <i>stuck up on the walls</i>. Some +time after, the score again raised its head, when mine host, for the +purpose of clearing it off, and to make the tap-room more uniform, +proposed to Hogarth the subject of the Hudson's Bay Company's porters +going to dinner; they at that time, as they still do, frequenting the +house. This picture represents Fenchurch-street as it appeared more than +a century ago, with the old Magpie and Punch Bowl public-house in the +distance, which house has not long since been taken down. The Elephant +public-house was taken down and rebuilt in 1826, and is now occupied by +Mrs. Eaton, in whose family the business has been for more than a hundred +years, and from whom these particulars have been obtained. The first +named picture is considered to be the original from which Hogarth +afterwards painted the one known as the "Modern Midnight Conversation," +in which there are one or two figures less than in the original. Orator +Henley and the other principal characters, occupy the same situation in +both performances.</p> + +<p>Mr. Soane, the architect, upon hearing of the present condition of the +pictures, said, that he in early life, while at Rome, knew that various +attempts had been made for the purpose of removing oil paintings from +walls, but without success, and expressed himself highly gratified at the +result of the exertions of the persons who bought and removed them at no +small risk and expense, viz. Mr. Lyon, 5, Apollo-buildings, East-street, +Walworth, and Mr. H.E. Hall, a Leicestershire gentleman of great +ingenuity; who have placed them for sale in the gallery of Mr. Penny, in +Pall Mall.</p> + +<p>A CONSTANT READER.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>Old Poets.</h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>AMBITION.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Ambition is a vulture vile,</p> +<p>That feedeth on the heart of pride,</p> +<p>And finds no rest, when all is tried,</p> +<p>For worlds cannot confine the one</p> +<p>Th' other lists and bounds hath none</p> +<p>And both subvert the mind, the state,</p> +<p>Procure destruction, envy, hate.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>S. DANIELL.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>HEAVEN.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>In this great temple richly beautified,</p> +<p>Pav'd all with stars, dispers'd on Sapphire flower,</p> +<p>The clerk is a pure angel sanctified,</p> +<p>The Judge our High Messiah full of power,</p> +<p>The Apostles his assistants every hour,</p> +<p class="i4">The jury saints, the verdict innocent,</p> +<p class="i4">The sentence, come ye blessed to my tent.</p> +<p>The spear that pierc'd his side, the writing pen,</p> +<p>Christ's blood the ink, red ink for prince's name,</p> +<p>The vailes great breach, the miracles for men,</p> +<p>The sight is show of them that long dead came</p> +<p>From their old graves, restored to living fame.</p> +<p class="i4">And that last, signet passing all the rest,</p> +<p class="i4">Our souls discharg'd by <i>consummatum est</i>.</p> +<p>Here endless joy is their perpetual cheer</p> +<p>Their exercise, sweet songs of many parts.</p> +<p>Angels their choir, whose symphony to hear</p> +<p>Is able to provoke conceiving hearts</p> +<p>To misconceive of all enticing art</p> +<p class="i4">The ditty praise, the subject is the Lord,</p> +<p class="i4">That times their gladsome spirit to this accord.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>TH. STOKER.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>DEATH.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Is't not God's deed whatever thing is done</p> +<p>In heaven and earth? Did not he all create</p> +<p>To die again? all ends that were begun;</p> +<p>Their times in his eternal books of fate</p> +<p>Are written sure, and have their certain date,</p> +<p>Who then can strive with strong necessity,</p> +<p>That holds the world in his still changing state?</p> +<p>Or shun the death ordain'd by destiny,</p> +<p>When hour of death is come, let none ask whence or why.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>SPENSER.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>FRAUD.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Fraud showed in comely clothes a lovely look,</p> +<p>An humble cast of eye, a sober pace;</p> +<p>And so sweet speech, a man might her have took</p> +<p>For him that said "<i>Hail Mary full of grace;</i>"</p> +<p>But all the rest deformedly did look.</p> +<p>As full of filthiness and foul disgrace;</p> +<p>Hid under long, large garments that she wore,</p> +<p>Under the which, a poisoned knife she bore.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>SIR J. HARRINGTON.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>VIRTUE.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>What one art thou thus in torn weeds yclad?</p> +<p>Virtue, in price, whom ancient sages had—</p> +<p>Why poorly clad? for fading goods past care—</p> +<p>Why double fac'd? I mark each fortunes rare;</p> +<p>This bridle, what? mind's rages to restrain—</p> +<p>Why bear you tools? I love to take great pain—</p> +<p>Why wings? I teach above the stars to fly—</p> +<p>Why tread your death? I only cannot die.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>WYAT.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>TEMPERANCE.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Of all God's works which doth this world adorn,</p> +<p>There is none more fair and excellent</p> +<p>Than is man's body, both for power and form,</p> +<p>Whilst it is kept in sober government,</p> +<p>But none than it more foul and indecent,</p> +<p>Distempered through misrules and passions base,</p> +<p>It grows a monster and incontinent,</p> +<p>Doth lose his dignity and native grace.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>SPENSER.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>PLEASURE.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Never have unjust pleasures been complete</p> +<p>In joys entire: but still fear kept the door.</p> +<p>And held back something from that hell of sweet,</p> +<p>To intersour unsure delights the more</p> +<p>For never did all circumstances meet</p> +<p>With those desires that were conceiv'd before,</p> +<p>Something must still be left to cheer our sin,</p> +<p>And give a touch of what should not have been.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>DANIELL.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>MAN.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>He that compar'd man's body to a host</p> +<p>Said that the hands were scouts discovering harms,</p> +<p>The feet were horsemen thundering on the coast,</p> +<p>The breast and stomach foemen, huge in swarms,</p> +<p>But for the head in sovereignty did boast,</p> +<p>It captain was, director of alarms,</p> +<p class="i2">Whose rashness if it hazarded any ill,</p> +<p class="i2">Not he alone, but all the host did spill.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>MARKHAM.</p> + +<hr /> + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page248" name="page248"></a>[pg 248]</span> +<h3>SOLITARINESS.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Sweet solitary life thou true repose,</p> +<p>Wherein the wise contemplate heaven aright,</p> +<p>In thee no dread of war or worldly foes,</p> +<p>In thee no pomp seduceth mortal sight.</p> +<p class="i2">In thee no wanton cares to win with words,</p> +<p class="i2">Nor lurking toys which silly life affords.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>D. LODGE.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>REST.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i10"> What so strong</p> +<p>But wanting rest, will also want of might?</p> +<p>The sun that measures heaven all day long,</p> +<p>At night doth bathe his steeds th' ocean waves among.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>SPENSER.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>WILL.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>A stronger hand restrains our wilful powers.</p> +<p>A will must rule above the will of ours,</p> +<p>Not following what our vain desires do woo,</p> +<p>For virtue's sake, but what we only do.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>DRAYTON.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>CONTENT.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>He only lives most happily</p> +<p>That's free and far from majesty—</p> +<p>Can live content although unknown—</p> +<p>He fearing none, none fearing him—</p> +<p>Meddling with nothing but his own—</p> +<p>While gazing eyes at crowns grow dim.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>KYD.</p> + +<hr /> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Content feeds not on glory nor on pelf,</p> +<p>Content can be contented with herself.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>BASTARD.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>Notes of a Reader.</h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>DERBY AND NOTTINGHAM.</h3> + + +<p>We trust we have consulted the profitable amusement of the reader, in +condensing the following very interesting facts from the <i>Second Part of +Sir Richard Phillips's Personal Tour through the United Kingdom</i>; since, +as the author observes, "if the less active districts of the home +counties afforded materials worthy of attention, the more industrious +counties of DERBY and NOTTINGHAM are not less likely to add interest to +the pen of an observer. In truth, the public spirit which more actively +prevails in these counties, added facilities to inquiry; while the +objects described have so many peculiar features, that a full and popular +account of them must be as new to the nation at large as they were to the +writer."</p> + +<h4><i>Derby.</i></h4> + +<p>After passing a pleasant night and morning near Swarkeston, I drove eight +miles, through a country of limestone and gypsum; of activity and great +beauty, to the centrical and classical town of Derby. In position, it is +the centre of the kingdom, not only geographically, but commercially.—It +is forty miles within the manufacturing circle, passing southward, and +from forty to sixty miles around, there is the most industrious space on +the globe; while no one can think about Derby, without associating the +names of Darwin, in poetry and philosophy; of Wright, in painting; and of +the Strutts, as the patrons of all the useful and elegant arts. I entered +Derby, therefore, with agreeable associations, and they have since been +realized.</p> + +<p>Taken altogether, Derby is a medium town, between a manufacturing and a +genteel one. This, in variety, is an advantage, for while the +manufacturers are improved in manners, gentility is more substantial. It +is neither wholly vulgar, like some places, nor poor and proud, like +others. For its size, it is a rich town. I was told, there are five or +six persons in it worth £100,000. and upwards, each, and as many more +worth 30 or £40,000. In most country towns there are fewer such, but +Derby is fortunate in its geographical and natural position, and in the +prudence of its genius and industry.</p> + +<h4><i>Cotton Spinning</i>.</h4> + +<p>I proceeded to Belper, eight miles, to view the superb establishment of +the Messrs. Strutt, as cotton spinners. The excellent road, which +continues to Matlock, and the north, lay through the most delightfully +variegated country which I had seen since I left Hertfordshire. The +village of Duffield, in a valley of the Derwent, with houses on the steep +eastern bank, and woods to the top, is one of the prettiest to be seen. +On crossing the river, I beheld long lines of cottages, built for the +residence of the families employed in Messrs. Strutts' smaller factory at +Melford. Passing this, the extensive but straggling and picturesque town +of Belper, covered the eastern hill. What remains of the old town, is not +a tithe of the present one, and the whole is now supported by Messrs. +Strutts' gigantic mills.</p> + +<p>I approached these with mingled pleasure and astonishment. A manufactory, +in such hands, presented none of the usual drawbacks on one's feelings. +They never discharge their workmen; and good conduct is a life interest +in comfort! The picturesque beauty of the situation, the height and +extent of the buildings, and the increase of the busy throng, as I +entered the yard, was exhilarating. The effect grew as I approached, for +the distance of two or three hundred yards, the noise, produced by the +united rattling of thousands of small wheels, was like the sound of a +hail storm on a large sky-light, or the fall of an immense sheet of +water.</p> + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page249" name="page249"></a>[pg 249]</span> + +<p>There are five oblong factories and two circular ones. The five are six +stories high, with ten or twelve windows on each story, so that in the +five there are, at least, as many regular windows as days in the year. +The circular buildings have forty or fifty more.</p> + +<p>In this establishment, and at Melford, Messrs. Strutt employ, at present, +about 1,300 hands of both sexes and different ages, and spin about 18 +tons, or 40,000 lbs. of cotton per week. The average fineness may be +taken at 20 hanks to the pound, and hence, as each hank is 840 yards, or +nearly half a mile, every pound is nearly ten miles, and the whole, about +400,000 miles are produced in about sixty-six working hours. In round +numbers, this is 6,000 miles per hour, or 100 miles a minute. What an +astonishing effect of the combination of mechanism! What an inconceivable +miracle, if it might not be witnessed by their favour at any time!</p> + +<p>Nor should it be forgotten, that every fibre passes through no less than +ten sets of machinery, hence, the united spindles and threads travel +through 1,000 miles a minute. The noise of their united frictions and +collisions, and the united hum of thousands of little spindles, each +revolving 4,000 times a minute, may, therefore, be accounted for, but can +never be conceived, unless heard in the midst of them.</p> + +<p>It would be tedious to dwell on the well-known process of cotton +spinning; but as this manufactory produces the cleanest and most perfect +yarn made in England, of its numbers from 6 to 100, it may be worth while +to state, that this perfection appears to arise, from the systematic +perfection of all the machines, and from the astonishing cleanness of +every part of this great factory. The wheels are as bright as the grate +of a good housewife's drawing-room; every action is complete in its way, +and though cotton is a dusty article, yet I no where saw either dirt or +dust. At the same time, order prevails throughout, for as the main shaft +gives no respite to the carding, roving, and spinning machines, so every +attendant diligently and silently watches the lines of bobbins which are +performing their miraculous evolutions, while the other apparatus are +correcting and regulating the stages and steps of the production.</p> + +<p>The whole is turned by eight or nine water wheels, of about twenty-four +feet diameter, and twenty feet in length. The fall is about twenty feet, +and the admirable contrivances of revolving balls (adopted in the +steam-engine) are affixed, to render the power uniform, by varying the +depth of the falling stream. In truth, it is one of the features of the +entire establishment, that all, that can be performed by machinery, is so +performed, and that the machinery is the very best for its purpose, and +in many instances which I witnessed, as true, as decided in its action.</p> + +<p>After the thread is wound into hanks, it is bleached at a distinct +manufactory for that purpose; but as bleaching is a mere chemical +operation, and the means are either known and not curious, or secret, and +not proper to inquire about, I did not visit this branch of the +establishment.</p> + +<p>The first of the works on this spot, was built by Mr. Jedediah Strutt, +father of the brothers, William, George, and Joseph, about fifty years +since. Arkwright invented the spinning machines, while a barber's +apprentice. He was joined by one Need, and they expended £14,000. with +uncertain success. Wright, the banker, of Nottingham, hesitated to make +further advances, and, at this juncture, they were joined by Mr. Jedediah +Strutt, a careful man, with the necessary credit or capital, and the +result was, the realization of princely fortunes, and the enriching even +the nation itself. On the expiration of their partnership, Arkwright went +on by himself at Cromford, and the Strutts for themselves at Belper. A +spirit of detraction would make it appear that Arkwright stole the +invention of another, but Mr. William Strutt, who knew him well, and is a +competent judge on such subjects, assured me that Arkwright was a man of +very superior talents as a mechanic, and quite equal to such an +invention. I saw two portraits of him in Mr. Strutt's house, and no +higher proof could be given of his personal respect for Arkwright, while +he never failed to speak of him with enthusiasm, as a man of original +talents.</p> + +<h4><i>Derby Silk Trade</i>.</h4> + +<p>Silk throwing is a considerable trade in Derby. Sir Thomas Lombe's famous +machinery has not, however, been used for some years, but improved +machinery, which performs twice the work, in less room, is now adopted. +The chief throwsters are Messrs. Bridget, Taylor, Adcock, Butterworth, +Moore and Gibson, Devenport and Forster. The silks, as imported, chiefly +from Bengal and China, are in what are called books of 10 lb. of which +ten form a bale, and the business of the throwster is to wind it, from +the plats or skeins upon bobbins; and from these, it is twisted into two, +three, or <span class="pagenum"><a id="page250" name="page250"></a>[pg 250]</span> more threads. The price for throwing is from 1<i>s</i>. 9<i>d</i>. to +2<i>s</i>. for Bengals, and from 2<i>s</i>. 9<i>d</i>. to 3<i>s</i>. per lb. for China. About +1,500 lbs. a week are thrown, employing from 1,000 to 1,200 men, women, +and children. The price used to be 4<i>s</i>. a lb. but a fall has taken +place, within the last fifteen years, in this article of labour, as well +as in every other.</p> + +<p>I heard much from all the manufacturers of Derby, of the mechanical +ingenuity of Mr. James Fox, of Chester Road, on the banks of the Derwent. +I paid him a visit, and beheld his powerful iron lathes, twenty-four feet +long, used by machine makers for planing iron. Here I saw iron cut in +groves or squared with great simplicity, by duly adjusting the velocity +so as to generate no heat, for a velocity, which generates heat, destroys +the tool. These lathes, Mr. Fox makes for machinists in all parts of the +kingdom, and gets from £200. to £700. for them. The castings are made at +Morley Park; and I was sorry to learn that they are now delivered at £7. +a ton instead of £30. the usual and legitimate price. In truth, the +depression of the iron trade is as great or greater than that of the +other staples of the kingdom.</p> + +<p>The number of cotton frames employed by the above, is from 3,000 to 4,000 +dispersed over the town and country; and the number of silk frames is +about 1,000. The average earnings of the cotton hands are from 7<i>s</i>. to +10<i>s</i>. per week, but many frames are worked by young persons both male +and female. The silk hands earn about 12<i>s</i>. or 15<i>s</i>.</p> + +<h4><i>Petrifaction Manufactory.</i></h4> + +<p>A manufactory, at once local and elegant, exists at Derby, which excites +the attention and loosens the purse-strings of most strangers. It is the +spar-manufactory of Mr. Hall, and in it, he converts the petrified sports +of nature, in the Derbyshire hills, into the luxuries of civil life. +Those in London, who desire to see the products of these works, may +behold them at Mawe's, in the Strand; but all, who visit Derby, will not +fail to call upon Mr. Hall, who is as courteous as he is ingenious. +Amythistine and other spars, white and variegated marble, alabaster, &c. +are here formed in a series of workshops, aided by a steam engine, into +vases, columns, obelisks, &c. &c. Tasteful statuaries are also employed, +in converting the same materials into dogs, horses, sheep, cows, &c. for +chimney ornaments; and Mr. Hall has likewise imitated the best vases, and +some of the structures of Egypt, with exact transcripts of their +inscriptions. In these works, in polishing, sawing, fashioning, &c. he +employs numerous hands; and persons, whom he may indulge, with a view of +the details, will be instructed and gratified.</p> + +<h4><i>The Arkwrights</i>.</h4> + +<p>Cromford is an immense establishment; but being inferior in magnitude to +Belper, and of the same description, I forbear to enlarge upon it. Here +the late Sir Richard Arkwright established the first cotton-spinning +mill, and from the poverty of a barber's apprentice, became one of the +wealthiest merchants in the united kingdom. The concern is now carried on +by his son, and I found that his work-people were in the same state of +comfort, as those of the Messrs. Strutt.</p> + +<p>The present Mr. Arkwright, son of Sir Richard, is between seventy and +eighty, and by the power of unparalleled capital and habits of frugality, +he is considered the most wealthy person in Europe. I heard his +accumulations estimated at six, eight, and even ten millions; and he +spends but 2 or £3,000. per annum. He has eight children, and provides +liberally for them, and I heard some anecdotes of his munificence to the +deserving, but do not consider myself at liberty to repeat them. His +habits lead him to continue in business, though the profits are now +trifling. Those of his father and his own, formerly, were 2 or 300 per +cent, but competition has now rendered them nearly nominal.</p> + +<h4><i>A Village Funeral</i>.</h4> + +<p>At Ashford, my sympathy was strongly excited by the procession of a +village funeral, in which the affections of the people seemed concerned. +I found on inquiry, that the corpse was the wife of the schoolmaster, +who, in her prime, and in the enjoyment of general esteem, had been cut +off in childbirth. The clergyman headed the procession. The coffin was +borne by eight females, in white hoods and scarfs, and was followed by +the unhappy husband, who conferred great effect, in the display of his +grief, by carrying in his arms two young children, the offspring of the +deceased. A long train of mourners followed, and I question whether more +tears are shed, or more sensibility exhausted, at funerals accompanied +with heraldic pomp, than in this simple display of natural affection. I +drew up my horse as the procession passed, and the affair threw a gloom +over my spirits, in which it seemed as though the village at large +partook. The funeral group, with the father and his children, and the +sorrowful countenances of the <span class="pagenum"><a id="page251" name="page251"></a>[pg 251]</span> well disposed population, would have made +a beautiful subject for a sentimental painter.</p> + +<h4><i>Leicester, Derby, and Nottingham</i>.</h4> + +<p>The present population of these triangular midland towns, are, Leicester, +35,000; Derby, 22,000; and Nottingham, 50,000, in round numbers, and this +adds sufficiently to the last population returns. The proportional +comfort in each, respectively is 8, 10, and 5—the good taste, 6, 7, and +4—the manners, 5, 8, and 4—the wealth, 4, 6, and 5—the style of the +towns, 4, 8, and 2—the industry, 6, 5, and 8—the political spirit, 4, +3, and 10—the religious fervour, 5, 4, and 10—the returns in trade, 5, +6, and 10—the superfices, 6, 4, and 6—the poverty, 6, 2, and 10—the +literature, 4, 5, and 4—the musical taste, 5, 3, and 2. Of course, in +assigning these numbers, I may err in a fraction; but I make my +determinations on my own observations and personal impressions, after +diligently observing each place.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>Spirit Of The Public Journals.</h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>THE FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE.</h3> + + +<p>Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs (or as he distinguished himself on +his new visiting cards, H.A.C. Stubbs) had taken up his abode in one of +the demi-fashionable squares, among judges, physicians, barristers, and +merchants, at the north side of the metropolis. Being the only lawfully +begotten issue of his father, when the frail Angelina made it impossible +he should have any brothers and sisters, he succeeded, by will, to +three-fourths of the late Mr. Jonathan Stubbs's property, and, by oxalic +acid, to the remaining fourth;<a id="footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> the affair being too sudden to permit +of any further testamentary dispositions, or of any of those benevolent +codicils, which sometimes have the effect of tapering down primary +bequests, like Prior's Emma, "fine by degrees and beautifully less." Upon +a fair computation, after a few trifling legacies were paid, and all +debts satisfied, young Mr. Stubbs might calculate his inheritance, in +India stock, Bank stock, houses, canal shares, and exchequer bills, at +nearly eighty thousand pounds.</p> + +<p>His education had not been neglected; that is to say, his father sent +him, at nine years old, to one of those suburban seminaries for "<i>young +gentlemen</i>," usually kept by elderly gentlemen, who know what it is to +have been deprived of similar advantages in their own youth. They feel, +therefore, a laudable gratification in enabling the rising generation to +pluck some of that fruit from the tree of knowledge which they themselves +never tasted at all. Here he remained till he was nearly seventeen; and +here he acquired a little French, a little Greek, a little Latin, a +little mathematics, a little logic, and a little geography, "with the use +of the globes." In short, he brought away with him a little learning, for +the obtaining of which his father had not paid a little money. He +subsequently enlarged his Lilliputian stock of ideas, by assiduously +prosecuting his studies at home, three days a-week, and three hours +a-day, when he was attended by masters in elocution, Italian, boxing, +fencing, and the other sciences. This eager cultivation of his mind he +pursued till he was two and twenty, and then took his station in about +the third degree of fashionable society, as a scholar and a man of taste. +His father had determined he should be a <i>gentleman</i>, and therefore very +properly guarded against the "anachronism," as he used to call it, of +giving him a profession. It is believed, (at least it has been +inculcated,) that there exists, in every human mind, a master, or ruling +passion—a predominating inclination towards some particular object or +pursuit. Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, was in this respect, as +well as in many others, like the rest of his species. He had <i>his</i> ruling +passion, and, but that his father had made him a GENTLEMAN, he was sure +nature had intended him for the Roscius of his age. From his earliest +childhood, when he used to recite, during the Christmas holidays, "<i>Pity +the sorrows of a poor old man</i>," and astonish his father's porter (who +had a turn that way himself) with his knowing, <i>all by heart</i>, "My name +is Norval, on the Grampian hills,"—to his more matured efforts of, "Most +potent, grave, and reverend signiors," or, "My liege, I did deny no +prisoners,"—the idea of being an actor had constantly fascinated his +imagination.</p> + +<p>It was a natural consequence of this <span class="pagenum"><a id="page252" name="page252"></a>[pg 252]</span> theatrical ardour, that Mr. Stubbs +eagerly cultivated the acquaintance of tragedians, comedians, managers, +and dramatic writers. It was his supreme delight to have them at his +table; and as he kept a good table, gave good wines, and excelled in his +<i>cuisine</i>, it was a delight he could command whenever he chose. He had +the <i>entré</i>, also, of the green-room at both theatres, and acquired an +intimate knowledge of all the feuds, rivalries, managerial oppressions, +intrigues, burlesque dignity, and solemn plausibilities, of that mimic +world. Living thus in an atmosphere electrical, as it were, with +excitement, it is no wonder that, by degrees, he became less and less +sensitive with regard to that ambiguous difficulty which had hitherto +impeded the gratification nearest his heart.</p> + +<p>It happened one morning while Mr. Stubbs was sipping his chocolate and +reading, in the Morning Post, a criticism upon a new tragedy which had +been most righteously damned the night before, that his intimate friend +Mr. Peaess, the manager of —— theatre dropped in. After the usual +salutations were exchanged, and Mr. Peaess had remarked that it was a +fine morning, and Mr. Stubbs had added that it was a windy one, Mr. +Stubbs fell into a brown study. His mind laboured with a gigantic +purpose. It was a moment on which hung indescribable consequences.—Shall +I? Will he? Yes!—yes!—And he did! He imparted to his friend, the +manager, his resolution to make his FIRST APPEARANCE. He fixed upon +Hamlet, chiefly because the character was so admirably diversified by +Shakspeare, that it presented opportunities for the display of an equal +diversity of talent in its representative.</p> + +<p>He made no secret of his intention among his friends, and one, in +particular, was privy to his whole course of preparation. This was Mr. +McCrab, a pungent little personage, whose occasional petulance and +acrimony, however they might rankle and fester in more sensitive natures, +were never known to curdle the bland consciousness of self-esteem which +dwelt, like a perpetual spring, upon the mind of Mr. Stubbs. Mr. McCrab +was himself an amateur actor; he had also written a tolerably successful +comedy, as well as an unsuccessful tragedy; and he was, besides, a +formidable critic, whose scalping strictures, in a weekly journal, were +the terror of all authors and actors who were either unable or unwilling +to dispense turtle and champagne.</p> + +<p>Mr. Stubbs, it should be mentioned, considered himself a profound reader +of Shakspeare, and believed he had discovered many hitherto concealed +beauties in the wonderful productions of that writer. He prided himself, +too, upon the critical acumen and philosophical penetration with which he +had elicited various qualities intended by the poet to belong to his +characters; and he had often said if he had been an actor he should have +established quite a new method of playing several of them. He was now +about to become an actor, and he resolved, in his very first essay, to +introduce one of his novelties, or new readings. What this was, will be +best explained in the following conversation, which took place between +himself and Mr. McCrab upon the subject.</p> + +<p>"Depend upon it, my dear McCrab," said Stubbs, taking down a volume of +Shakspeare from his shelves, "depend upon it, I am borne out in my +opinion, novel as it is, by the text of the immortal author himself; and +I shall <i>stuff</i> the character when I play it. I maintain Hamlet ought to +be"——"A Falstaff in little, I suppose," interrupted McCrab. "No," +rejoined Stubbs, "he should not be exactly corpulent—but rather +<i>embonpoint</i>, as the saying is—sleek—plumpish—in good condition as it +were."</p> + +<p>"You talk of the text of Shakspeare as your authority," replied +McCrab,—"I will appeal to the text too—and I will take the description +of Hamlet by Ophelia, after her interview with him. What is her language?</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>'Oh what a noble mind is here o'erthrown!</p> +<p>The expectancy and rose of the fair state:</p> +<p>The <i>glass</i> of <i>fashion</i> and the <i>mould</i> of <i>form</i>,</p> +<p>The <i>observed</i> of all <i>observers</i>.'</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>This eulogium paints in distinct colours what should be the personation +of Hamlet on the stage. It demands, not a little fellow, five feet five, +by three feet four, as you will be, if you <i>stuff</i> the character as you +call it, but rather what Hamlet himself describes his father to have +been,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>'A combination, and a form indeed.</p> +<p>Where every god did seem to set his seal,</p> +<p>To give the world assurance of a man.'"</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>"Never mind my height," said Stubbs, elevating his head, and raising his +chin an inch or two out of his neckcloth.—"Garrick, you know, was none +so tall; and yet I fancy he was considered a tolerably good actor in his +day. But you remember the lines of Charles Churchill,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>'There are, who think the stature all in all,</p> +<p>Nor like a hero if he is not tall.</p> +<p>The feeling sense all other wants supplies—</p> +<p>I rate no actor's merit from his size.</p> +<p>Superior height requires superior grace,</p> +<p>And what's a giant with a vacant face?'"</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>"Very true," answered McCrab, "and, <span class="pagenum"><a id="page253" name="page253"></a>[pg 253]</span> to follow up your theory, were I +asked, what is an actor? I should answer,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>''Tis he who gives my breast a thousand pains:</p> +<p>Can make me <i>feel</i> each passion that he <i>feigns</i>;</p> +<p>Enrage, compose with more than magic art,—</p> +<p>With pity and with horror tear my heart.'</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>But, come; let me hear your reasons for believing that Hamlet ought to be +a portly gentleman. I see you are ready with them."</p> + +<p>"I am," said Stubbs, "and I'll bet the receipts of the house, on my first +appearance, against those of your next comedy, that I convince you I am +right before I have done. Now, mark,—or, as Horatio says,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>'Season your admiration for awhile,</p> +<p>With an attent ear, till I may deliver,</p> +<p>Upon the witness of these same pages,</p> +<p>This marvel to you.'</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>Ha! ha! that is apt," continued Mr. Stubbs, with a simper.</p> + +<p>"For God's love, let me hear," added McCrab—"I hope that's apt too."</p> + +<p>"If," said Mr. Stubbs, looking exceedingly grave, "if, I say, we take the +first soliloquy of Hamlet—almost the first words he utters—we shall +find a striking allusion to his habit of body; and not only shall we be +struck by the allusion, but, I contend, the whole force and meaning of +the passage are lost, unless the speaker can lay his hands upon a goodly +paunch, as he exclaims,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>'Oh! that this <i>too too solid flesh</i> would melt.</p> +<p>Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew.'</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>We are not to suppose Hamlet speaks metaphorically, but physically; and +his corporeal appearance should be an illustration of his words. He is +already weary of the world—he wishes to die—but 'the Everlasting has +fixed his canon against <i>self</i>-slaughter,' and, therefore, he prays for +natural dissolution, by any wasting disease, which may 'thaw' and +dissolve his 'too too solid flesh.' This, perhaps, you will consider +merely conjectural criticism: plausible, but not demonstrative. I own it +has a higher character in my eyes; and, unless I am greatly mistaken, +even the ghost of his own father glances at his adipose tendency, when he +says,</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i10"> 'I find thee apt</p> +<p>But duller shouldst thou be than the fat weed</p> +<p>That roots itself in ease on Lethe's wharf,</p> +<p>Wouldst thou not stir in this.'</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>That is, according to my reading, 'fat as thou art, thou wouldst be +duller than the fat weed of Lethe if you did not bestir yourself in this +business.' Observe, too, with what propriety Shakspeare has here employed +the word 'stir,' it being a well-known fact that corpulent persons have a +strong disinclination to locomotion. And Hamlet himself, (in his +interview with <i>Rosencrantz</i> and <i>Guildenstern</i>,) makes a pointed +allusion to the indolence and lethargy which so commonly accompany +obesity. 'I have of late,' he says, 'but wherefore I know not, <i>lost all +my mirth</i>, foregone all <i>custom of exercises</i>, and, indeed, it goes so +<i>heavily</i> with my disposition,' &c. &c. Now what is this, I would fain +know, if it be not the natural complaint of a man suffering under the +oppression of too much flesh? or, as he afterwards expresses it, with +another allusion to his fatness, 'to <i>grunt</i> and <i>sweat</i>, under a weary +life?' You have quoted the language of Ophelia in support of the common +notions with regard to the personation of this character; but you forget +the remarkable expression she uses when describing to her father the +unexpected visit of 'Lord Hamlet,' while she was 'sewing in her closet:</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>'At last, a little shaking of mine arm,</p> +<p>And thrice his head thus waving up and down,</p> +<p>He raised a sigh so piteous and profound,</p> +<p>As it did seem to shatter all <i>his</i> bulk,</p> +<p>And end his being.'</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>What say you to this?—<i>His</i> bulk! The sigh was so profound, that it +seemed to shatter even <i>his</i> bulk! I fancy I might rest my case here, and +win my wager, eh? But I am too skilful a general to throw away my +strength at the beginning of a battle. If I have not already beaten you +from your last strong hold—from your last defence—I have a <i>corps de +reserve</i>, which will at once decide the victory. You remember the +concluding scene, I suppose—the fencing bout between Hamlet and Laertes? +What do you think of the following little bit of dialogue?</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>'<i>Laertes</i>.—A touch—a touch,—I do confess.</p> +<p><i>King</i>.—Our son shall win.</p> +<p><i>Queen</i>.—He's fat and scant of breath. Here,</p> +<p>Hamlet, take my napkin—rub thy brows</p> +<p>——Come, let me wipe thy face!'</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>Do you not imagine you see the pursy Prince, purring and blowing and +sweating with the exertion he had made, and 'larding the lean earth,' +like another Falstaff almost? Nay, the very words, 'Come let me wipe thy +face,' are addressed by Doll Tearsheet to Falstaff, when he was heated by +his pursuit of Pistol:—'Alas, poor ape, how thou sweatest! Come, let me +wipe thy face.' Hem!" (quoth Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs) "I +have done—and pause for a reply."</p> + +<p>"You'll be horribly laughed at," said McCrab, "if you do make Hamlet a +fat little fellow."</p> + +<p>"Shall I?" exclaimed Stubbs, with a contented chuckle, and rubbing his +hands "shall I be horribly laughed at?"</p> + +<p>"Ay," replied McCrab, "and gloriously gibbetted the next day, in all the + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page254" name="page254"></a>[pg 254]</span> papers, for your Sancho Panza exhibition."</p> + +<p>"Pooh!" ejaculated Stubbs, "pooh! pooh! what care I for the rascally +papers? Don't I know what sort of critics they are who guide the public +taste, and fulminate their mighty WE in the columns of a newspaper."</p> + +<p>(<i>To be concluded in our next.</i>)</p> + +<hr /> + + + +<h3>LONDON LYRICS.</h3> + +<h4>THE AUCTIONEER'S ODE TO MERCURY.</h4> + +<center><i>Air.—A German Bravura.</i></center> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Hermes, god of cheats and chatter,</p> +<p class="i2">Wave thy smooth caduceus here—</p> +<p>Now that, pulpit-propp'd, I flatter;</p> +<p>Hermes, god of cheats and chatter,</p> +<p>Smile, oh smile on Mr. Smatter,</p> +<p class="i2">Aid an humble Auctioneer!</p> +<p>Wave thy smooth caduceus here,</p> +<p>O'er an humble Auctioneer!</p> +<p>With its virtues tip my hammer,</p> +<p class="i2">Model my Grammar,</p> +<p class="i2">Nor let me stammer.</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>First, here's Sackbut's Song of Slaughter;</p> +<p>Verse and prose, the Laureat Otter,</p> +<p>Floats along, diluting song</p> +<p>In milk and water.</p> +<p>Next (who'll buy?) here's Love in Little,</p> +<p>Smooth as glass and eke as brittle;</p> +<p>Here are posies, lilies, roses,</p> +<p>Cupid's slumbers—out in numbers,</p> +<p>Pouting, fretting, fly-not-yetting,</p> +<p>Rosa's lip and Rosa's sign—</p> +<p>For one pound six—who'll buy, who'll buy?</p> +<p>Here's Doctor Aikin, Sims on Baking,</p> +<p>Booth in Cato quoting Plato,</p> +<p>Jacob Tonson, Doctor Johnson,</p> +<p>Russia binding, touch and try—</p> +<p>Nothing bid—who'll buy, who'll buy?</p> +<p>Here's Mr. Hayley, Doctor Paley,</p> +<p>Arthur Murphy, Tommy Durfey,</p> +<p>Mrs. Trimmer's little Primer,</p> +<p>Buckram binding, touch and try—</p> +<p>Nothing bid—who'll buy, who'll buy?</p> +<p>Here's Colley Cibber, Bruce the fibber,</p> +<p>Plays of Cherry, ditto Merry,</p> +<p class="i2">Tickle, Mickle,</p> +<p>When I bow and when I wriggle,</p> +<p>With a simper and a giggle,</p> +<p>Ears regaling, bidders nailing,</p> +<p>Ladies utter in a flutter—</p> +<p>"Mister Smatter, how you chatter,</p> +<p>Dear, how clever! well, I never</p> +<p>Heard so eloquent a man!"</p> + </div><div class="stanza"> +<p>Tropes purloining, graces coining,</p> +<p>Glibly I, without repentance,</p> +<p>Clip each sentence.</p> +<p>But, to give each lot its station,</p> +<p class="i2">Ere from pulpit I dismount</p> +<p>God of recapitulation,</p> +<p class="i2">Hermes, aid me while I count—</p> +<p>Aikin, Baking, Cato, Plato,</p> +<p>Cibber, Fibber—Cherry, Merry,</p> +<p>Hayley, Paley—Secker, Decker,</p> +<p>Tickle, Mickle—Tonson, Johnson,</p> +<p class="i2">Literary Caliban.</p> +<p>Forty-seven! Oh, far too thrifty—</p> +<p>Thank'ee, Ma'am—two places—fifty!</p> +<p>Must it go? oh, surely no!</p> +<p>Only eye me, then deny me.</p> +<p>When I bow and when I wriggle,</p> +<p>With a simper and a giggle,</p> +<p>Ears regaling, bidders nailing,</p> +<p>Ladies utter in a flutter—</p> +<p>"Mister Smatter, how you chatter—</p> +<p>Dear, how clever! well, I never</p> +<p>Heard so eloquent a man!"</p> +<p>Tongue of Mentor, lungs of Stentor,</p> +<p class="i2">Hermes, thou hast made mine own.</p> +<p>Cox and Robins own, with sobbings,</p> +<p>I'm the winner; Dyke and Skinner</p> +<p class="i2">Never caught so glib a tone.</p> +<p>Dull and misty, Squibb and Christie,</p> +<p>When I mount look pale and wan—</p> +<p>Going, going, going—gone!</p> + </div> </div> + +<p><i>New Monthly Magazine</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>Spirit of Discovery.</h2> + +<hr /> + + +<h3><i>Altitude of certain Buildings</i>.</h3> + + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i10"> metres.</p> +<p>The highest Pyramid in Egypt- - - - - - - - - - - -146</p> +<p>The Cathedral at Anvers - - - - - - - - - - - - - 144</p> +<p>The Cathedral at Strasburg - - - - - - - - - - - - 142</p> +<p>The Steeple of St. Stephen, at Vienna, (Austria) - 138</p> +<p>The Steeple of St. Martin, at Landshut - - - - - - 137</p> +<p>St. Peter's, at Rome - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -132</p> +<p>The Steeple of St. Michael, at Hamboro' - - - - - 130.5</p> +<p>The Steeple of St. Peter, at Hamboro' - - - - - - 119</p> +<p>St. Paul's Cathedral, at London - - - - - - - - - 109.7</p> +<p>The Cathedral of Ulm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -109.4</p> +<p>The Cathedral of Milan - - - - - - - - - - - - - 109</p> +<p>The Tower of the Asinelli, at Bologna - - - - - - 107</p> +<p>The Dome of the Invalids, at Paris - - - - - - - - 105</p> +<p>The Cathedral of Magdebourg - - - - - - - - - - - -101.6</p> +<p>The Cupola of the Pantheon, at Paris - - - - - - - 79</p> +<p>The Balustrade of Notre Dame, at Paris - - - - - - 66</p> +<p>The metre is 39.37 inches.—<i>From the French</i>.</p> + </div> </div> + + +<h3><i>Prevention of Fire in Theatres</i>.</h3> + +<p>In consequence of the frequent occurrence of fires in theatres, +particular precautions have been taken with the theatre of the Port St. +Martin, at Paris. A thick wall of hewn stone separates the audience part +from the scenic part of the house; all the doors in it are of iron, and +may be shut instantly, in case of fire; finally, the insulation of the +spectators from the stage is made perfect by means of a screen of plates +of iron, which falls down before the stage. This screen, which weighs +between 1,200 and 1,300 pounds, is easily worked by two men, and slides +up and down upon guides, so as readily to take its place. Besides these +precautions, reservoirs of water are established in the roof, which may +be connected, when necessary, with vessels of compressed air, and made to +throw a powerful jet over a very large part of the building.—<i>French +Paper</i>.</p> + + +<h3><i>Tanning</i>.</h3> + +<p>A tanner, named Rapedius, of Bern Castel, on the Moselle, has discovered +a <span class="pagenum"><a id="page255" name="page255"></a>[pg 255]</span> new species of tan proper for dressing leather. It is the plant known +by the name of Bilberry or Whortleberry, (Vaccinium Myrtilus or +Myrtillis,) which should be gathered in spring, because at this season it +dries more readily, and is more easily ground. Three pounds and a half of +this tan suffice for dressing a pound of leather, while six pounds are +required from the oak to produce the same effect. By this new process, +tanners can gain four months out of the time required for preparing +strong leather. A commission having been appointed at Treves to examine +the leather so prepared, reported, that they had never seen any as good, +and that every pair of shoes made therefrom lasts two months more than +what are manufactured from common leather; that the skin of the neck, +which it is difficult to work, becomes strong and elastic like that of +the other parts. The shrub should not be pulled up, but cut with a bill, +to obtain the reproduction of the plant the following year. When cut, +damp does not deteriorate it, which is not the case with oak bark, which +loses ten per cent. of its value by being wetted.—<i>From the French</i>.</p> + + +<h3><i>Spiders</i>.</h3> + +<p>It would be very interesting to know whether the gossamer threads thrown +out by these insects are in an excited state of electricity: their +divergent state would seem to imply they were; for there seems to be no +other natural cause which could prevent them from coming together, +especially before the insect had left its resting-place. If electric, +then neighbouring bodies, as the hand or branches of a tree, or a stick, +&c., would attract them; but care would be required in making the +experiment, from the readiness with which these threads would move upon +disturbance of the air. If electric, then it would be important to know +whether they were positive or negative; which their attraction, or +repulsion, by a stick of sealing-wax, rubbed on the sleeve of a coat, +would at once determine. It is well known that these threads are almost +perfect insulators of electricity, and would retain a charged state for a +long time in a dry sunny atmosphere.—<i>Brande's Journal</i>.</p> + + +<h3><i>Method of obtaining Roses of all kinds twice in the Year</i>.</h3> + +<p>The following directions, by M. Douette Richardot, are to enable the +amateur to gather as fine roses in September as he did in the preceding +June:—1. Immediately after the first flowering, the shrub is to be +deprived of every leaf, and those branches which have borne roses cut so +that only two or three buds shall remain. The cutting of the weaker +branches may be in a less degree. If the weather be dry when the leaves +are removed, it will be necessary to thoroughly water the stem, for +several days, with the rose of the watering-pot: in this way the sap will +not be arrested. 2. Then the brush is to be used, and the rose tree well +cleansed by it, so that all mouldiness shall disappear: this operation is +very easy after an abundant rain. 3. The earth about the rose tree is to +be disturbed, and then twenty-four sockets of calves' feet are to be +placed in the earth round the stem, and about four inches distant from +it. The hoofs of young calves are the best, and give a vivid colour and +agreeable perfume to the roses. These are to be placed with the points +downwards, so that the cups shall be nearly level with the surface of the +earth, and the plant well surrounded. This operation is to be repeated in +the November following. These hoofs, dissolved by the rain or the +waterings, form an excellent manure, which hastens the vegetation, and +determines the reproduction of flowers. 4. Two waterings per week will +suffice in ordinary weather, and they should be made with the rose of the +watering-pot, so that the hoofs may be filled; but, if the atmosphere is +dry, it will be necessary to water the plants every evening; and in the +latter case it will be necessary, from time to time, to direct the stream +of water on to the head of the tree.—<i>From the French</i>.</p> + + +<h3><i>American Sea-Serpent</i>.</h3> + +<p>Mr. Samuel Mitchell has, in his "Summary of the Progress of Natural +Science for the last few Years," given an amusing account of the progress +of sea-serpentism. It was read before the New York Lyceum, and is +inserted in the American Journal of Science, although not thought +conclusive by its learned editor, Dr. Silliman. The first sea-serpent was +a steam-boat, which, being established at Boston to coast along the +shore, and from its powers and capabilities competent to injure the +business of small boats, was described as a sea-serpent that had been +seen off Nahant and Gloucester, and had probably come there to consume +all the small fish in the place. This was received by many as a serious +account, and believed accordingly.</p> + +<p>Another sea-serpent history arose from the circumstance, that a small +sloop, called the Sea-Serpent, having been passed by another vessel, the +captain of the latter, when asked, upon his arrival at home, for news, +said he had seen a sea-serpent, and then described its bunches on the +back, <span class="pagenum"><a id="page256" name="page256"></a>[pg 256]</span> the action of its tail, and other parts; all of which being +understood literally, actually appeared in print, as evidence for the +existence of the animal.</p> + +<p>Then a piece of the skin of the bony scaled pike was taken for part of a +sea-serpent's hide. A speckled mother duck, with a numerous brood of +young ones swimming after her in a line on Lake Ontario, was described as +the sea-serpent itself. And from such occurrences as these, perhaps, +mingled with careless observation of the motions and appearances of +porpuses, basking sharks, and balænopterous whales, appears to have +originated every thing that has been said about American +sea-serpents.—<i>Brande's Jour</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + +<h2>The Gatherer.</h2> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>SHAKSPEARE.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>ELEGANT COMPLIMENT.</h3> + +<p>A French officer, having arrived at the court of Vienna, the empress, +knowing that he had seen the Princess de * * *, asked him if he thought +this princess was, as reported, the handsomest person in the world? +"Madam," replied the officer, "I thought so yesterday."</p> + +<hr /> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Should women sit in parliament,</p> +<p class="i2">A thing unprecedented,</p> +<p>A great part of the nation, then</p> +<p class="i2">Would be Miss-Represented.</p> + </div> </div> + +<hr /> + +<h3>ON A STONE IN THE WALL OF CHISWICK CHURCHYARD.</h3> + +<p>This wall was made at ye charges of ye Right Honorable and <i>trulie pious</i> +Lorde Francis Russell, Earle of Bedford, out of true zeale and care for +ye keeping of this church-yard, and ye <i>wardrobe of Godd's saints</i>, whose +bodies lay <i>theirin</i> buried from <i>violation by swine</i>, and other +prophanation.—So witnesseth William Walker, Vo. A.D. 1623.</p> + +<p>O.W.</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>A singular custom was formerly observed in the city of Middelburg, in the +Netherlands. When any inhabitant died, a bundle of straw was placed +before the house, with the ears towards the street, if the deceased was a +man; but towards the house, if a woman.</p> + +<p>G.W.N.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>SINGULAR SUICIDE.</h3> + +<p>In 1767, a gentleman, named Davers, (who was descended from Sir Robert +Davers, of Roughham, in the county of Suffolk, bart.) died at the Angel +Inn, Islington, by poison. A card, which he was seen to write a few hours +before his death, contained the following words:—"Descended from an +ancient and honourable family, I have, for fifteen years past, suffered +more indigence than ever gentleman before submitted to. I am neglected by +my acquaintance, traduced by my enemies, and insulted by the vulgar." +Beneath the above was written:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"Of laudanum, an ample dose</p> +<p>Must all my present ills compose;</p> +<p>But the best of laudanum all,</p> +<p>I want; not resolution, but a ball."</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>G.W.N.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>POLYGAMY.</h3> + +<p>It is well known that the Turks avoid answering questions put to them +concerning their religion, to prevent being exposed to criticism and +raillery. A lady of quality reproached a Turkish ambassador, on the +Mahometan religion allowing them to have several wives. The ambassador, +without entering into any discussion, replied, "It permits it, that we +may be able to find in several, all the graces which are concentrated in +you alone."</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>John Daens, merchant and citizen of Antwerp, having lent the Emperor +Charles V. a million of gold, invited his majesty to dinner. After a +royal entertainment, he threw the emperor's bond into a fire made of +cinnamon.</p> + +<p>G.W.N.</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>Purchasers of the MIRROR, who may wish to complete their sets are +informed, that every volume is complete in itself, and may be purchased +separately. The whole of the numbers are now in print, and can be +procured by giving an order to any Bookseller or Newsvender.</p> + +<p>Complete sets Vol I. to XII. in boards, price £3. 5<i>s</i>. half bound, £4. +2<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>LIMBIRD'S EDITIONS.</h3> + +<p>CHEAP and POPULAR WORKS published at the MIRROR OFFICE in the Strand, +near Somerset House.</p> + +<p>The ARABIAN NIGHTS' ENTERTAINMENTS. Embellished with nearly 150 +Engravings. Price 6s. 6d. boards.</p> + +<p>The TALES of the GENII. Price 2s.</p> + +<p>The MICROCOSM By the Right Hon. G. CANNING. &c. Price 2s.</p> + +<p>PLUTARCH'S LIVES, with Fifty Portraits, 2 vols. price 13s. boards.</p> + +<p>COWPER'S POEMS, with 12 Engravings, price 3s. 6d. boards.</p> + +<p>COOK'S VOYAGES, 2 vols. price 8s. boards.</p> + +<p>The CABINET of CURIOSITIES: or WONDERS of the WORLD DISPLAYED Price 5s. +boards.</p> + +<p>BEAUTIES of SCOTT, 2 vols. price 7s. boards.</p> + +<p>The ARCANA of SCIENCE for 1828. Price 4s. 6d.</p> + +<p>Any of the above Works can be purchased in Parts.</p> + +<p>GOLDSMITH'S ESSAYS. Price 8d.</p> + +<p>DR. FRANKLIN'S ESSAYS. Price 4s. 2d.</p> + +<p>BACON'S ESSAYS Price 8d.</p> + +<p>SALMAGUNDI. Price 1s. 8d.</p> + +<hr /> + +<p><i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD 143, Strand. (near Somerset House,) +London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market', Leipsic; and by all +Newsmen and Booksellers.</i></p> + + + + +<hr class="full" /> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a><p>The present <i>Strand Lane</i> (as it would seem to have been +called in Strype's time) skirts the eastern side of Somerset House, and +forms a boundary between the parishes of St. Mary and St. Clement Danes. +At its stairs, which are still, as formerly, "a place of some note to +take water at," is the outlet of a small underground stream.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a><p>Inigo Jones died at Somerset House, July 21, 1651.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a><p>Or Wittenagemote, i.e. assembly of wise men.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a><p> Of this house, we have given an accurate Engraving at page 8 +in the present volume.</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b><a href="#footnotetag5">(return)</a><p>Mr. Jonathan Stubbs retired from business long before he +reached his grand climacteric, to his country house at Newington Butts, +with the solid dignity of at least half a plum. What length of years +might have been in store for him, if he had regularly taken Dr. James's +analeptic pills, it is impossible to say; but not doing so, he had +occasion to send the coachman one night for an ounce of Epsom salts. They +proved to be oxalic acid; and stomach-pumps not being then in existence, +there was an inevitable termination to the existence of Mr. Stubbs. An +"extraordinary sensation," as the newspapers have it, was produced in +Newington Butts by this dreadful catastrophe.</p></blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD 143, Strand. (near Somerset House,) +London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all +Newsmen and Booksellers.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, No. 365, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE *** + +***** This file should be named 3246-h.htm or 3246-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/2/4/3246/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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