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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:59:50 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:59:50 -0700 |
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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/33596-h.zip b/33596-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..62bbb7d --- /dev/null +++ b/33596-h.zip diff --git a/33596-h/33596-h.htm b/33596-h/33596-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a47c059 --- /dev/null +++ b/33596-h/33596-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,18138 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<html> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content= + "text/html; charset=us-ascii"> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of Mary, Help of + Christians, by Rev. Bonaventure Hammer, O.F.M. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + + + h1 { text-align: center } + h2 { text-align: center } + h3 { text-align: center } + .imprimi {margin-left:10%} + .nihil {margin-left:20%} + .imprimatur {margin-left: 15%} + .indent {margin-left:75%} + .indent_small { margin-left:5%} + body { margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%} + </style> + </head> + <body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Mary, Help of Christians, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Mary, Help of Christians + And the Fourteen Saints Invoked as Holy Helpers: + Instructions, Novenas and Prayers with Thoughts of the + Saints for Every Day in the Year + +Author: Various + +Contributor: John J. Burke + +Editor: Bonaventure Hammer + +Release Date: August 31, 2010 [EBook #33596] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MARY, HELP OF CHRISTIANS *** + + + + +Produced by Michael Gray, the Diocese of San Jose + + + + + +</pre> + + <p align="center"> + MARY, THE HELP OF CHRISTIANS + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + MARY, HELP OF CHRISTIANS + </h1> + <h3> + AND THE + </h3> + <h2> + Fourteen Saints Invoked as Holy Helpers + </h2><br> + <h2> + Instructions, Legends, Novenas and Prayers + </h2> + <p align="center"> + WITH + </p> + <h2> + Thoughts of the Saints for Every Day in the Year + </h2><br> + <br> + <p align="center"> + COMPILED BY + </p> + <h2> + REV. BONAVENTURE HAMMER, O.F.M. + </h2><br> + <br> + <p align="center"> + TO WHICH IS ADDED AN APPENDIX ON THE + </p> + <h2> + Reasonableness of Catholic Ceremonies and Practices + </h2> + <h3> + BY REV. JOHN J. BURKE + </h3><br> + <br> + <hr width="30%"> + <br> + <br> + <p align="center"> + NEW YORK, CINCINNATI, CHICAGO + </p> + <h3> + BENZIGER BROTHERS + </h3> + <p align="center"> + PRINTERS TO THE HOLY APOSTOLIC SEE<br> + PUBLISHERS OF BENZINGER'S MAGAZINE + </p><br> + <br> + <p> + <img src="images/imprimi.jpg" alt= + "Imprimi Permittitur"><br> + <span class="imprimi">FR. CHRYSOSTOMUS THEOBALD, + O.F.M.,</span><br> + <span class="imprimi"><i>Minister + Provincialis.</i></span><br> + <span class="imprimi">Cincinnati, Ohio, die 30, Martii, + 1908.</span> + </p> + <p> + <img src="images/nihil.jpg" alt="Nihil Obstat"><br> + <span class="nihil">REMY LAPORT, S.T.L.,</span><br> + <span class="nihil"><i>Censor Librorum.</i></span> + </p> + <p> + <img src="images/imprimatur.jpg" alt="Imprimatur"><br> + <span class="imprimatur">JOHN M. FARLEY,</span><br> + <span class="imprimatur"><img src="images/cross.jpg" + alt="A cross">Archbishop of New York.</span> + </p><br> + <br> + <p> + NEW YORK, March 4, 1909. + </p><br> + <br> + <p align="center"> + COPYRIGHT, 1909, BY BENZIGER BROTHERS. + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="preface" id="preface">PREFACE</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+1">T</font>HE contents of the following + pages are based on the Catholic doctrine of the + veneration and invocation of the saints, and of the + efficacy of the prayer of intercession. The legends of + the individual "Holy Helpers" were compiled from + authors whose writings have the approval of the Church. + </p> + <p> + In compliance with the decrees of Pope Urban VIII of + 1625, 1631, and 1634, the compiler formally declares + that he submits everything contained in this little + book to the infallible judgment of the Church, and that + he claims no other than human credibility for the + facts, legends, and miracles related, except where the + Church has otherwise decided. + </p> + <p class="indent"> + THE COMPILER. + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + Contents + </h1> + <p> + <a href="#preface">PREFACE</a> + </p> + <h1> + PART I<br> + The Veneration and Invocation of Saints and the + Efficacy of Prayer + </h1> + <h2> + CHAPTER I + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#I-I">THE VENERATION AND INVOCATION OF + SAINTS</a> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER II + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#I-II">EFFICACY OF THE INTERCESSION OF THE + SAINTS</a> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER III + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#I-III">FOR WHAT THE INTERCESSION OF THE + SAINTS MAY AND SHOULD BE INVOKED</a> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER IV + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#I-IV">THE QUALITIES OF PRAYER</a> + </p> + <h1> + PART II<br> + Mary, the Help of Christians<br> + Novenas in Preparation for the Principal Feasts of the + Blessed Virgin + </h1> + <p> + <a href="#rules">RULES FOR THE PROPER OBSERVANCE OF + NOVENAS</a><br> + <a href="#manner">ON THE MANNER OF READING THE + MEDITATIONS AND OBSERVING THE PRACTICES</a> + </p> + <h2> + INTRODUCTION + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#Mary">MARY, THE HELP OF CHRISTIANS</a> + </p> + <h2> + I. NOVENA IN HONOR OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION OF THE + BLESSED VIRGIN MARY + </h2> + <p> + FIRST DAY.—<a href="#Immaculate_Conception_1">THE + PREDESTINATION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY</a><br> + SECOND DAY.—<a href= + "#Immaculate_Conception_2">MARY'S IMMACULATE + CONCEPTION</a><br> + THIRD DAY.—<a href= + "#Immaculate_Conception_3">MARY, THE VICTRIX OF + SATAN</a><br> + FOURTH DAY.—<a href= + "#Immaculate_Conception_4">MARY WITHOUT ACTUAL + SIN</a><br> + FIFTH DAY.—<a href= + "#Immaculate_Conception_5">MARY, FULL OF GRACE</a><br> + SIXTH DAY.—<a href= + "#Immaculate_Conception_6">MARY, OUR REFUGE</a><br> + SEVENTH DAY.—<a href= + "#Immaculate_Conception_7">MARY, THE MOTHER OF + CHASTITY</a><br> + EIGHTH DAY.—<a href= + "#Immaculate_Conception_8">THE IMAGE OF THE IMMACULATE + CONCEPTION</a><br> + NINTH DAY.—<a href="#Immaculate_Conception_9">THE + FEAST OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION</a><br> + </p> + <h2> + II. NOVENA IN HONOR OF THE NATIVITY OF THE BLESSED + VIRGIN MARY + </h2> + <p> + FIRST DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_1">THE BIRTH OF + MARY</a><br> + SECOND DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_2">MARY, THE ELECT + OF GOD</a><br> + THIRD DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_3">MARY, THE CHILD + OF ROYALTY</a><br> + FOURTH DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_4">MARY, THE CHILD + OF PIOUS PARENTS</a><br> + FIFTH DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_5">MARY'S + SUPERNATURAL PREROGATIVES</a><br> + SIXTH DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_6">MARY, THE JOY OF + THE MOST HOLY TRINITY</a><br> + SEVENTH DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_7">THE ANGELS + REJOICE AT MARY'S BIRTH</a><br> + EIGHTH DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_8">THE JOY OF THE + JUST IN LIMBO AT MARY'S BIRTH</a><br> + NINTH DAY.—<a href="#Nativity_9">THE HOLY NAME OF + MARY</a> + </p> + <h2> + III. NOVENA FOR THE FEAST OF THE ANNUNCIATION OF THE + BLESSED VIRGIN MARY + </h2> + <p> + FIRST DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_1">THE + ANNUNCIATION</a><br> + SECOND DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_2">THE IMPORT + OF THE ANGEL'S SALUTATION</a><br> + THIRD DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_3">THE EFFECT + OF THE ANGEL'S SALUTATION</a><br> + FOURTH DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_4">MARY'S + QUESTION</a><br> + FIFTH DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_5">THE + SOLUTION</a><br> + SIXTH DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_6">MARY'S + CONSENT</a><br> + SEVENTH DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_7">MARY'S + FORTITUDE IN SUFFERING</a><br> + EIGHTH DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_8">MARY, THE + MOTHER OF GOD</a><br> + NINTH DAY.—<a href="#Annunciation_9">MARY OUR + MOTHER</a> + </p> + <h2> + IV. NOVENA IN HONOR OF THE SEVEN SORROWS OF MARY + </h2> + <p> + FIRST DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_1">DEVOTION TO THE + SEVEN SORROWS OF MARY</a><br> + SECOND DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_2">MARY'S FIRST + SORROW: SIMEON'S PROPHECY IN THE TEMPLE</a><br> + THIRD DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_3">MARY'S SECOND + SORROW: THE FLIGHT INTO EGYPT</a><br> + FOURTH DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_4">MARY'S THIRD + SORROW: JESUS LOST IN JERUSALEM</a><br> + FIFTH DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_5">MARY'S FOURTH + SORROW: SHE MEETS JESUS CARRYING HIS CROSS</a><br> + SIXTH DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_6">MARY'S FIFTH + SORROW: BENEATH THE CROSS</a><br> + SEVENTH DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_7">MARY'S SIXTH + SORROW: THE TAKING DOWN OF JESUS' BODY FROM THE + CROSS</a><br> + EIGHTH DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_8">MARY'S SEVENTH + SORROW: JESUS IS BURIED</a><br> + NINTH DAY.—<a href="#Sorrows_9">WHY MARY HAD TO + SUFFER</a> + </p> + <h2> + V. NOVENA FOR THE FEAST OF THE ASSUMPTION OF THE + BLESSED VIRGIN MARY + </h2> + <p> + FIRST DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_1">MARY'S DEATH + WAS WITHOUT PAIN</a><br> + SECOND DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_2">AT MARY'S + TOMB</a><br> + THIRD DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_3">THE EMPTY + TOMB</a><br> + FOURTH DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_4">REASONS FOR + THE BODILY ASSUMPTION OF MARY INTO HEAVEN</a><br> + FIFTH DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_5">MARY'S + GLORIOUS ENTRANCE INTO HEAVEN</a><br> + SIXTH DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_6">MARY CROWNED + IN HEAVEN</a><br> + SEVENTH DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_7">MARY'S BLISS + IN HEAVEN</a><br> + EIGHTH DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_8">MARY, THE + QUEEN OF MERCY</a><br> + NINTH DAY.—<a href="#Assumption_9">MARY IN HEAVEN + THE HELP OF CHRISTIANS ON EARTH</a> + </p> + <h1> + PART III<br> + The Fourteen Holy Helpers + </h1> + <h2> + CHAPTER I + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#fourteen">THE FOURTEEN HOLY HELPERS</a> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER II + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#legends">LEGENDS</a> + </p> + <h2> + THE LEGENDS OF THE FOURTEEN HOLY HELPERS + </h2> + <p> + I.—<a href="#legend_1">ST. GEORGE, MARTYR</a><br> + II.—<a href="#legend_2">ST. BLASE, BISHOP AND + MARTYR</a><br> + III.—<a href="#legend_3">ST. ERASMUS, BISHOP AND + MARTYR</a><br> + IV.—<a href="#legend_4">ST. PANTALEON, PHYSICIAN + AND MARTYR</a><br> + V.—<a href="#legend_5">ST. VITUS, MARTYR</a><br> + VI.—<a href="#legend_6">ST. CHRISTOPHORUS, + MARTYR</a><br> + VII.—<a href="#legend_7">ST. DIONYSIUS, BISHOP + AND MARTYR</a><br> + VIII.—<a href="#legend_8">ST. CYRIACUS, DEACON + AND MARTYR</a><br> + IX.—<a href="#legend_9">ST. ACHATIUS, + MARTYR</a><br> + X.—<a href="#legend_10">ST. EUSTACHIUS, + MARTYR</a><br> + XI.—<a href="#legend_11">ST. GILES, HERMIT AND + ABBOT</a><br> + XII.—<a href="#legend_12">ST. MARGARET, VIRGIN + AND MARTYR</a><br> + XIII.—<a href="#legend_13">ST. CATHERINE, VIRGIN + AND MARTYR</a><br> + XIV.—<a href="#legend_14">ST. BARBARA, VIRGIN AND + MARTYR</a> + </p> + <h1> + PART IV<br> + I. Novenas to the Holy Helpers + </h1> + <h2> + NOVENA TO EACH OF THE HOLY HELPERS + </h2> + <p> + I.—<a href="#helper_1">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + GEORGE</a><br> + II.—<a href="#helper_2">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + BLASE</a><br> + III.—<a href="#helper_3">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + ERASMUS</a><br> + IV.—<a href="#helper_4">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + PANTALEON</a><br> + V.—<a href="#helper_5">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + VITUS</a><br> + VI.—<a href="#helper_6">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + CHRISTOPHORUS</a><br> + VII.—<a href="#helper_7">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + DIONYSIUS</a><br> + VIII.—<a href="#helper_8">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + CYRIACUS</a><br> + IX.—<a href="#helper_9">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + ACHATIUS</a><br> + X.—<a href="#helper_10">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + EUSTACHIUS</a><br> + XI.—<a href="#helper_11">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + GILES</a><br> + XII.—<a href="#helper_12">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + MARGARET</a><br> + XIII.—<a href="#helper_13">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + CATHERINE</a><br> + XIV.—<a href="#helper_14">NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. + BARBARA</a> + </p> + <h2> + NOVENA TO ALL THE HOLY HELPERS + </h2> + <p> + FIRST DAY.—<a href="#all_helpers_1">THE DEVOTION + TO THE FOURTEEN HOLY HELPERS</a><br> + SECOND DAY.—<a href="#all_helpers_2">THE DESTINY + OF MAN</a><br> + THIRD DAY.—<a href="#all_helpers_3">THE VIRTUE OF + FAITH</a><br> + FOURTH DAY.—<a href="#all_helpers_4">THE VIRTUE + OF HOPE</a><br> + FIFTH DAY.—<a href="#all_helpers_5">THE LOVE OF + GOD</a><br> + SIXTH DAY.—<a href="#all_helpers_6">THE VIRTUE OF + CHARITY</a><br> + SEVENTH DAY.—<a href="#all_helpers_7">HUMAN + RESPECT</a><br> + EIGHTH DAY.—<a href= + "#all_helpers_8">PRAYER</a><br> + NINTH DAY.—<a href= + "#all_helpers_9">PERSEVERANCE</a> + </p> + <h1> + II. Prayers and Petitions + </h1> + <h2> + PRAYERS OF PETITION AND INTERCESSION + </h2> + <p> + I.—<a href="#holy_helpers_intercession1">THREE + INVOCATIONS</a><br> + II.—<a href="#holy_helpers_intercession2">PRAYER + IN ILLNESS</a><br> + III.—<a href="#holy_helpers_intercession3">PRAYER + FOR THE SICK</a><br> + IV.—<a href="#holy_helpers_intercession4">PRAYER + OF PARENTS FOR THEIR CHILDREN</a><br> + V.—<a href="#holy_helpers_intercession5">PRAYER OF + CHILDREN FOR THEIR PARENTS</a><br> + VI.—<a href="#holy_helpers_intercession6">PRAYER + FOR MARRIED PEOPLE</a> + </p> + <h1> + PART V<br> + General Devotions + </h1> + <p> + <a href="#morning_prayers">MORNING PRAYERS</a><br> + <a href="#evening_prayers">EVENING PRAYERS</a><br> + <a href="#prayers_at_mass">PRAYERS AT HOLY MASS</a><br> + <a href="#prayers_after_mass">PRAYERS AFTER + MASS</a><br> + <a href="#confession_prayers">PRAYERS FOR + CONFESSION</a><br> + <span class="indent_small"><a href="#bcon">Before + Confession</a></span><br> + <span class="indent_small"><a href="#acon">After + Confession</a></span><br> + <a href="#communion_prayers">PRAYERS FOR HOLY + COMMUNION</a><br> + <span class="indent_small"><a href="#bcom">Before + Communion</a></span><br> + <span class="indent_small"><a href="#acom">After + Communion</a></span><br> + <a href="#blessed_sacrament">VISIT TO THE BLESSED + SACRAMENT</a><br> + <a href="#sacred_heart">PRAYER TO THE SACRED HEART OF + JESUS</a><br> + <a href="#suffering_jesus">PRAYERS TO JESUS + SUFFERING</a><br> + <a href="#stations_of_the_cross">THE STATIONS OF THE + CROSS</a><br> + <a href="#suffering_redeemer">PRAYER TO OUR SUFFERING + REDEEMER</a><br> + <a href="#blessed_virgin">PRAYER TO THE BLESSED VIRGIN + MARY</a><br> + <a href="#salvation">PRAYER FOR ALL THINGS NECESSARY TO + SALVATION</a> + </p> + <h2> + THE FOUR APPROVED LITANIES + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#litany_of_most_holy_name">LITANY OF THE MOST + HOLY NAME OF JESUS</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_sacred_heart">LITANY OF THE SACRED + HEART OF JESUS</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">LITANY OF LORETO, IN HONOR + OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_saints">LITANY OF ALL SAINTS</a> + </p> + <h1> + PART VI<br> + Thoughts and Counsels of the Saints for Every Day of + the Year + </h1> + <p> + <a href="#jan">JANUARY</a><br> + <a href="#feb">FEBRUARY</a><br> + <a href="#mar">MARCH</a><br> + <a href="#apr">APRIL</a><br> + <a href="#may">MAY</a><br> + <a href="#jun">JUNE</a><br> + <a href="#jul">JULY</a><br> + <a href="#aug">AUGUST</a><br> + <a href="#sep">SEPTEMBER</a><br> + <a href="#oct">OCTOBER</a><br> + <a href="#nov">NOVEMBER</a><br> + <a href="#dec">DECEMBER</a> + </p> + <h1> + PART VII<br> + Reasonableness of Catholic Ceremonies and Practices + </h1> + <p> + <a href="#ceremonies">THE CEREMONIES OF THE CATHOLIC + CHURCH</a><br> + I.—<a href="#ceremony_1">Ceremonies Necessary to + Divine Worship</a><br> + II.—<a href="#ceremony_2">Vestments Used by the + Priest at Mass</a><br> + III.—<a href="#ceremony_3">Ceremonies of the + Mass</a> + </p> + <p> + <a href="#practices">THE PRACTICES OF THE CATHOLIC + CHURCH</a><br> + I.—<a href="#practice_1">Vespers and + Benediction</a><br> + II.—<a href="#practice_2">Devotion to the Blessed + Sacrament</a><br> + III.—<a href="#practice_3">Holy Communion</a><br> + IV.—<a href="#practice_4">Confirmation</a><br> + V.—<a href="#practice_5">Honoring the Blessed + Virgin</a><br> + VI.—<a href="#practice_6">Confession of + Sin</a><br> + VII.—<a href="#practice_7">Granting + Indulgences</a><br> + VIII.—<a href="#practice_8">The Last + Sacraments</a><br> + IX.—<a href="#practice_9">Praying for the + Dead</a><br> + X.—<a href="#practice_10">Praying to the + Saints</a><br> + XI.—<a href="#practice_11">Crucifixes, Relics, and + Images</a><br> + XII.—<a href="#practice_12">Some + Sacramentals—The Books Used by the Priest, the + Sign of the Cross, Holy Water, Blessed Candles, Palm + and Ashes, Holy Oils, Scapulars, Medals, Agnus Dei, + Prayers, Litanies, Rosary, Angelus, Stations, Funeral + Service, and Various Blessings</a><br> + XIII.—<a href="#practice_13">The Celebration of + Feasts</a><br> + XIV.—<a href="#practice_14">Infant Baptism</a><br> + XV.—<a href="#practice_15">The Marriage + Tie—One and Indissoluble</a><br> + XVI.—<a href="#practice_16">Respect Shown to + Ecclesiastical Superiors</a><br> + XVII.—<a href="#practice_17">Celibacy</a><br> + XVIII.—<a href="#practice_18">Conclusion</a> + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + PART I + </h1> + <h2> + The Veneration and Invocation of Saints, and the + Efficacy of Prayer + </h2><br> + <br> + <h2> + "Remember your prelates who have spoken the word of God + to you; whose faith follow, considering the end of + their conversation" (<i>Heb.</i> xiii. 7). + </h2><br> + <h2> + "Wherefore I beseech you, be ye followers of me, as I + am also of Christ" (<i>1 Cor.</i> iv. 16). + </h2><br> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/presentation_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/presentation.jpg" alt= + "Presentation of Mary in the temple."></a><br> + Presentation of Mary in the temple. + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="I-I" id="I-I">CHAPTER I</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Veneration and Invocation of Saints + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>N THE Creed of the Council of + Trent, which the Catholic Church places before the + faithful as the Rule of Faith, we read: "I firmly + believe that the saints reigning with Christ are to be + venerated and invoked." + </p> + <p> + The Church therefore teaches, first, that it is right + and pleasing to God to venerate the saints and to + invoke their intercession; and second, that it is + useful and profitable to eternal salvation for us to do + so. + </p> + <p> + The veneration of the saints is useful and profitable + to us. Men conspicuous in life for knowledge, bravery, + or other noble qualities and unusual merits are honored + after death. Why, then, should Catholics not be + permitted to honor the heroes of their faith, who + excelled in the practice of supernatural virtue and are + in special grace and favor with God? That this + veneration is profitable to us is evident from the fact + that the example of the saints incites us to imitate + them to the best of our ability. + </p> + <p> + The veneration of the saints is not only in full accord + with the demands of reason, but we are, moreover, + enjoined explicitly by Holy Scripture to venerate the + memory of the holy patriarchs and prophets: "Let us now + praise men of renown, and our fathers in their + generation" (<i>Ecclus</i>. xliv. 1). "And their names + continue for ever, the glory of the holy men remaining + unto their children" (<i>Ecclus</i>. xlvi. 15). + </p> + <p> + Reason and Holy Scripture, then, are in favor of the + veneration of the saints. We find it practised, + therefore, also in the early Church. She was convinced + from the very beginning of its propriety and utility. + As early as the first century the memorial day of the + martyrs' death was observed by the Christians. They + assembled at the tombs of the sainted victims of pagan + cruelty and celebrated their memory by offering up the + Holy Sacrifice over their relics. We know this not only + from the testimony of the earliest ecclesiastical + writers, as Origen, Tertullian, and St. Cyprian, but + also from the history of St. Ignatius the Martyr (d. + 107), and of St. Polycarp of Smyrna (d. 166). Over one + hundred panegyrics of various saints written by St. + Augustine are still extant. + </p> + <p> + And why should it not be right and useful to invoke the + <i>intercession</i> of the saints? Everybody deems it + proper to ask a pious friend for his prayers. St. Paul + the Apostle recommended himself to the prayers of the + faithful (<i>Rom.</i> xv. 30), and God Himself + commanded the friends of Job to ask Him for His + intercession that their sin might not be imputed to + them (<i>Job</i> xlii. 8). How, then, can it be wrong + or superfluous to invoke the intercession of the saints + in heaven? The saints are <i>willing</i> to invoke + God's bounty in our favor, for they love us. They are + <i>able</i> to obtain it for us, because God always + accepts their prayer with complacency. That they really + hear our prayer and intercede with God for us is + clearly shown by many examples in Holy Scripture. And + if, according to the testimony of St. James (v. 16), + the prayer of the just man here on earth availeth much + with God, how much more powerful, then, must be the + prayer of the saints, who are united with God in heaven + in perfect love and are, so to say, partakers of His + infinite goodness and omnipotence? + </p> + <p> + A most striking proof of the efficacy of the prayers of + the saints is the numerous miracles wrought and the + many favors obtained at all times through their + intercession. Among these miracles are a great number + whose authenticity was declared by the Church after the + most scrupulous and strict investigation, as the acts + of canonization prove. + </p> + <p> + That the invocation of the saints was a practice of the + early Church is proved by the numerous inscriptions on + the tombs of the Roman catacombs preserved to this day. + We read there, for instance, on the tomb of Sabbatius, + a martyr, "Sabbatius, O pious soul, pray and intercede + for your brethren and associates!" On another tomb is + inscribed, "Allicius, thy spirit is blessed; pray for + thy parents!" And again, "Jovianus, live in God, and + pray for us!" + </p> + <p> + We have also the testimony of one of the greatest + thinkers and Protestant philosophers, Leibnitz, for the + claim that the veneration and invocation of the saints + is founded in reason, on Holy Scripture, and on the + tradition of the Church. He writes: "Because we justly + expect great advantage by uniting our prayers with + those of our brethren here on earth, I can not + understand how it can be called a crime if a person + invokes the intercession of a glorified soul, or an + angel. If it be really idolatry or a detestable cult to + invoke the saints and the angels to intercede for us + with God, I do not comprehend how Basil, Gregory + Nazianzen, Ambrose, and others, who were hitherto + considered saints, can be absolved from idolatry or + superstition. To continue in such a practice would + indeed not be a small defect in the Fathers, such as is + inherent in human nature—it would be an enormous + public crime. For if the Church, even in those early + times, was infected with such abominable errors, let + any one judge for himself what the Christian faith + would eventually come to. Would not Gamaliel's + proposition, to judge whether Christ's religion be + divine or human from its effects, result in its + disfavor?" + </p> + <p> + But whilst the Catholic Church practises and recommends + the veneration and invocation of the saints, she does + not teach us to honor and invoke them as we do God, nor + to pray to them as we do to Him. She makes a great + distinction. + </p> + <p> + The veneration of the saints differs from the worship + of God in the following: + </p> + <p> + 1. We <i>adore</i> God as our supreme Lord. We + <i>honor</i> the saints as His faithful servants and + friends. + </p> + <p> + 2. We <i>adore</i> God for His own sake. We + <i>honor</i> the saints for the gifts and prerogatives + with which God endowed them. + </p> + <p> + Therefore there is a difference between the prayer to + God and the invocation of the saints. We pray to God + asking Him to help us by His omnipotence: we pray to + the saints to help us by their intercession with God. + </p> + <p> + Our veneration of the saints should consist, primarily, + in the imitation of their virtues. It is truly + profitable only when we are intent upon following their + example; for only by imitating their virtues shall we + share their eternal bliss in heaven. A veneration which + contents itself with honoring the saints without + imitating their virtues is similar to a tree that + produces leaves and blossoms but bears no fruit. + </p> + <p> + The saints themselves desire that we should follow + their example. Each of them, so to say, exhorts us with + St. Paul, "Be ye followers of me, as I also am of + Christ" (<i>1 Cor.</i> iv. 16). There is no age, no + sex, no station in life for which the Catholic Church + has not saints, whose example teaches us to avoid sin + and to observe faithfully the commandments of God and + the Church at this or that age, or in this or that + station. Therefore the principal object of our + invocation of the saints ought to be the obtaining of + their help in following their example. Thus we shall + move them to come to our aid all the more readily. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="I-II" id="I-II">CHAPTER II</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Efficacy of the Intercession of the Saints + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+2">N</font>OTHING is more consoling and + comforting than the assurance that in the saints of + heaven we have powerful protectors and advocates with + God. Through their intercession they obtain for us from + Him the grace to lead a virtuous life and to gain + heaven. + </p> + <p> + However, is there any reasonable doubt that the saints + are able to render us such a service? In virtue of the + communion of saints, which comprises the Church + militant on earth, the Church suffering in purgatory, + and the Church triumphant in heaven, all members of the + Church are members of one body, whose head is Christ. + Hence the saints are united with us in spirit, though + separated from us in body. United with Christ, they are + imbued with a superior knowledge, and through Him, the + All-Knowing, they know everything that concerns us, and + for which we have recourse to them in prayer. + </p> + <p> + Our confidence in the intercessory power of the saints + is founded on their relation to God and to us. As + friends of God they have influence with Him now, even + more than during their sojourn on earth, because their + intercessory power is one of their glorious + prerogatives in heaven. Their love of God and their + charity for their fellow-men, and the zeal for the + salvation of souls resulting therefrom, together with + their conformity with Christ, induces them to use their + influence readily in our favor. Because God dispenses + His gifts according to His own adorable will, it may + please Him to grant a certain favor at the particular + intercession of a certain saint; hence it is not + superstition to invoke His aid in such cases. Moreover, + we justly place our confidence in saints whom we have + selected to be our special patrons, or who were given + us as such by ecclesiastical authority. + </p> + <p> + By the intercession of the saints the mediatorship of + Christ is not set aside or restricted. The power of + intercession, the intercession itself, and its + invocation are an effect of the grace of Christ; + therefore He remains our only mediator. God remains Our + Lord and Father, although men share in His lordship and + paternity; for all power and authority comes from God, + who is pleased to operate in His creatures through + other creatures. Hence, only a dependent mediatorship + can be ascribed to the saints. Whoever admits that the + living can pray for each other can not denounce the + intercession of the saints as an usurpation of the + mediatorship of Christ. The saints are not the authors + and dispensers of grace and heavenly gifts, but they + are able to obtain them for us from God. + </p> + <p> + The saints, moreover, do not only pray for mankind in + general, but for their clients in particular. As + co-reigners with Christ, the denizens of heaven have + knowledge of the conditions and events of His kingdom; + hence the saints may pray for us individually; + therefore it is permissible and profitable for us to + invoke them. It is obvious that the knowledge of + individual occurrences does not mar the bliss of the + saints. How they gain this knowledge is not clear to + the spiritual authors; but most of them incline to the + view that they attain it by direct divine mediation. + God reveals our condition and our invocation to the + saints. + </p> + <p> + Can we doubt the willingness of the saints to aid us by + their intercession? According to St. Paul, charity is + the greatest of all virtues. If, then, the saints, + whilst on earth loved their fellow-men, cared for and + prayed for them, how much more will they do so now, + when their charity is perfected? They, too, were + pilgrims on earth, who had to suffer the adversities + and miseries of life and therefore know by experience + how sorely in need of divine assistance we poor mortals + are. Persons who have themselves experienced trials + have more compassion for the adversities of others. + Therefore it is certain that the saints have compassion + on us, that they wish our prayers to be heard and bring + them before the throne of God. "The saints," says St. + Augustine, "being secure of their eternal welfare, are + intent upon ours." Holy Scripture establishes this + beyond doubt, saying that the saints bring the prayers + of the faithful before the throne of God (<i>Apoc.</i> + v. 8). + </p> + <p> + Or is there any one that doubts the <i>efficacy</i> of + the saints' prayer with God? At any rate, we must + concede that their prayer is more effectual than ours; + for they are confirmed in justice, and therefore + friends and favorites of God, whilst we are sinners, of + whom Holy Scripture says, "The Lord is far from the + wicked, and He will hear the prayers of the just" + (<i>Prov.</i> xv. 29). On this subject, let us hear St. + Basil in his panegyric on the Forty Martyrs: "You often + wanted to find an intercessor: here you have forty who + intercede unanimously for you. Are you in distress? + Have recourse to the holy martyrs. Rejoicing, do the + same. The former that you may find relief, the latter + that you may continue to prosper. These saints hear the + mother praying for her children, the wife invoking aid + for her sick or absent husband. O brave and victorious + band, protectors of mankind, generous intercessors when + invoked, be our advocates with God!" + </p> + <p> + There is no doubt, then, that during our earthly + pilgrimage the saints are our intercessors with God. + True, we know that there is One who guides our + destinies and whose providence watches over all; but + who would not choose, also, to have a friend already + abiding with God, sharing His bliss and confirmed for + ever in His grace, and who therefore is in a position + to aid us, and certainly will do so if we invoke Him? + </p> + <p> + The following is an example illustrating the power of + the saints' intercession with God: + </p> + <p> + Basilides was one of the guards that led St. Potamiana + to a martyr's death. Whilst the rest of the soldiers + and the crowd of spectators insulted the holy virgin, + he treated her with great respect and protected her + from the assaults of the rabble. The martyr thanked him + for his kindness, and promised to pray for him when she + came into God's presence. A few days after her death + the grace of God touched Basilides' heart, and he + professed himself a Christian. His comrades at first + imagined that he was jesting. But when he persevered in + the confession of the Faith, he was brought before the + judge, who sentenced him to be beheaded next day. Taken + to prison, he was baptized, and at the appointed time, + executed. + </p> + <p> + What else but the intercession of the saint whom he had + befriended obtained for this heathen the grace of the + Faith and martyrdom? Convinced of the power of the + intercession of the saints, Origen writes: "I will fall + on my knees, and because I am unworthy to pray to God + on account of my sins, I will invoke all the saints to + come to my aid. O ye saints of God, I, filled with + sadness, sighing and weeping, implore you; intercede + for me, a miserable sinner, with the Lord of mercies!" + </p> + <h1> + <a name="I-III" id="I-III">CHAPTER III</a> + </h1> + <h2> + For What the Intercession of the Saints May and Should + be Invoked + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>T IS obvious that there are + objects to attain which we ought not to pray. We shall + try to specify them as follows: + </p> + <p> + 1. <i>We may not pray for things that are evil or + injurious in themselves, or injurious on account of + circumstances.</i> Amongst these are comprised all + those that are opposed to the salvation of the person + praying, or of some one else. It is contrary to the + very idea of prayer that God should grant to His + creature anything evil, anything that is in itself, and + not only by abuse, harmful. Prayer, according to the + rules of morality, must have for its object only the + attainment of whatever is good and profitable, and only + then is it heard by God. + </p> + <p> + 2. <i>Things completely indifferent are not comprised + in the efficacy of prayer. Hence prayer imploring for + temporal goods is heard only inasmuch as they relate to + the salvation of souls.</i> Reason, as well as faith, + teaches us that God orders all His actions first for + the promotion of His glory, and secondly for the + salvation of souls. Matters, therefore, that are either + in general, or on account of circumstances, positively + indifferent, must be excluded from the general plan of + God's providence when there is question of His positive + agency, and not simply of His permission. It is obvious + that temporal goods, such as health, wealth, etc., are + classed with things indifferent, in as far as they are + not connected with the moral order. + </p> + <p> + Thus considered, the various goods of the temporal + order do, or at least may, under certain conditions, + co-operate unto man's salvation, and then they belong + to the supernatural order. As such, the efficacy of + prayer in their regard must be judged according to the + principles applying to the latter. + </p> + <p> + 3. <i>All those things which any one can obtain himself + without extraordinary effort, are not comprised within + the scope of prayer.</i> This restriction results from + the very nature of prayer. Obviously, prayer is not the + only means by which man can obtain those things which, + on the one hand, he momentarily does not possess, and + which, on the other hand, are necessary or advantageous + for his supernatural life. As a rule, man can, by labor + and application, procure his sustenance. Persons unable + to work can have recourse to the charity of their + fellow-men, and will, as a rule, find the necessary + assistance. In regard to salvation, it must first be + ascertained whether in many or at least in some cases, + the faithful co-operation with the graces which God + gives to all men is not sufficient. + </p> + <p> + Considered from this view, we may, and even must, in a + certain sense say: When there is question of attaining + specified goods and specified graces, prayer is often + not the primary, but only the secondary and subordinate + means. From this premise follows that God in His wise + providence does not have regard for our prayer when we + easily can help ourselves, either by our own exertion + and industry, or by the faithful cooperation with + graces already received, or by the reception of the + holy sacraments. This self-evident idea is expressed in + Holy Scripture as follows, "Because of the cold the + sluggard would not plow; he shall beg therefore in the + summer, and it shall not be given him" (<i>Prov.</i> + xx. 4). For this reason formal miracles are, as a rule, + not to be expected from the efficacy of prayer. God + ordained the world and its course in such a manner, + that mankind in general and each individual in + particular can be provided, without the intervention of + a miracle, with all things necessary for their temporal + and eternal welfare. + </p> + <p> + Theologians, therefore, teach that to ask God for a + miracle, generally, is the same as to tempt Him. This + rule, however, admits of exceptions. And if we may, in + exceptional cases, ask for miracles, we may, logically, + expect them; for miracles in general are not excluded + from the plan of divine Providence. They are rather an + essential part of the existing order of God's + government of the world. At most we may say: As + miracles of their nature belong among the extraordinary + manifestations of Providence, they are not obtained by + the prayer of each and every one, but only in + exceptional cases. + </p> + <p> + However, if we consider how feeble and helpless man's + nature is, even with the assistance of divine grace, we + may not apply the above principles too strictly. This, + for the following reason: Cases in which we can not + help ourselves with the aid of the grace given us are + rare. Therefore God gives us, in reward of our + confident prayer, not only that which is strictly + necessary, but also that which is profitable and + conducive to our welfare. This being so, the logical + deduction is, that God is willing to hear our prayer + not only when we, of ourselves, are totally incapable + of helping ourselves, but also when great difficulties + beset us in this our self-help. Hence, in a certain + sense, we may maintain that in the work of our + salvation prayer and its efficacy must be considered, + together with the sacraments, as one of the chief + means, and not as a mere accessory. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/annunciation_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/annunciation.jpg" alt= + "The Annunciation"></a><br> + The Annunciation. + </p> + <p> + This limitation of the main principle is founded on the + generality of the divine promises concerning the + hearing of prayer, and on the great goodness and bounty + of God in which these promises originated. When man, + making use of all the means placed at his disposal, can + not help himself, a cry for help is sent to Heaven is + not presumptuous or unreasonable, and therefore the + hope of being heard is not unfounded or in vain. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="I-IV" id="I-IV">CHAPTER IV</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Qualities of Prayer + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+2">F</font>OR greater convenience of + explanation, we condense the various qualities of + prayer taught by theologians as conditions of its + efficacy into the following four: (1) Devotion; (2) + Confidence; (3) Perseverance; (4) Resignation to the + will of God. + </p> + <p> + Treating of prayer, some theological authors demand, + above all, the intention of praying. This intention is + indeed so necessary that it does not belong to the + qualities or attributes of prayer, but to its very + essence. For whosoever has not the intention or will to + pray may recite a formula of prayer with the greatest + attention, yet does not really and truly pray. + </p> + <p> + Again, the teachers of the spiritual life tell us that + prayer must be "in the name of Jesus." This being a + condition insisted upon by our divine Lord Himself, it + also belongs to the essence of prayer. It means that we + offer up our prayer to God in the name of Jesus His + Son, that is, with reference to Him and in the firm + confidence that we shall be heard on His account and + because of His promises. Again, to pray in the name of + Jesus means to pray according to His manner and in His + spirit. + </p> + <p> + We now proceed to explain the qualities of true prayer: + </p> + <p> + 1. <i>Devotion.</i>—What is meant by devotion in + prayer? Devotion in prayer means: (<i>a</i>) that our + prayer must be attentive; that is, the person praying + must direct his thoughts as uninterruptedly as possible + to his prayer, <i>viz.,</i> to the formula he uses to + state the object of his desires, and above all to God, + to whom his prayer is directed. (<i>b</i>) The person + praying must know and acknowledge his own needs, and + that of himself he has no claims whatsoever on God, and + thus engender in himself sentiments of true humility, + (<i>c</i>) These sentiments must, moreover, embrace + reverence for God and the acknowledgment of dependence + on Him, thus giving to prayer the character of piety, + (<i>d</i>) All this must culminate in full abandonment + to God, the Giver of all good things. This abandonment + is an essential part of our divine cult. + </p> + <p> + As to the question whether devotion, and what grade of + it, is necessary in prayer, and whether prayer without + it loses its entire efficacy, and especially its + imploring efficiency, it is evident that prayer without + devotion is ineffective; it is simulation. An example + of this, that is, of a man pretending to pray and not + praying in reality, is given us in the parable of the + Pharisee and the Publican (<i>Luke</i> xviii. 10-12). + To determine accurately what grade of devotion, that + is, what degree of attention, humility, and piety is + necessary to render prayer from a formality into a + reality, is possible only when all the circumstances, + dispositions, and qualities of mind of the person + praying can be taken into account. Suffice it to remark + that when all the other conditions, together with the + intention of praying, combine, strict but reliable + theologians declare that the true essence of prayer is + compatible with a less degree of attention and + recollection. + </p> + <p> + 2. <i>Confidence.</i>—There is no doubt but that + strong confidence, or the firm hope of being heard, + contributes much to the perfection of prayer and + renders it especially effective. Therefore confidence, + like devotion or attention, must be reckoned among the + essential qualities or attributes of prayer. For it is + inconceivable that a rational being should resolve on + presenting a petition when he has not the least hope of + its being granted. In this case his petition would be + entirely useless, and therefore irrational. Again, it + is inconceivable that God should have regard for a + prayer or the petition of a man who has absolutely no + confidence in His mercy. A prayer without confidence is + hypocrisy, rather than true and sincere supplication. + If we address a petition to God without the confidence + that He can and will grant it, He must rather feel + offended than honored thereby. How, then, shall He feel + moved to grant us new benefits? If we nevertheless + receive them, it is the effect of His bountiful + goodness, and not the result of our sham prayer. + </p> + <p> + Therefore, to be effective, our prayer must be inspired + by confidence. The apostle St. James inculcates this, + saying: "But let him ask in faith, nothing wavering; + for he that wavereth is like a wave of the sea, which + is moved and carried about by the wind. Therefore let + not that man think that he shall receive any thing of + the Lord" (<i>James</i> i. 6-7). By these words the + apostle designates not a common and ordinary + confidence, but one firm and steadfast. At the same + time he speaks in general; that is, his words have + reference not only to extraordinary petitions, but to + everything for which we are accustomed to pray. + </p> + <p> + Moreover, the explicit and positive promises made by + Christ in regard to prayer manifestly have the purpose + of inspiring the person praying with firm confidence + and the sure hope of being heard. If, then, our prayer + be wanting in this quality, we do not pray in the + spirit of Christ, nor in the terms in which we ought to + pray, and can not claim the fulfilment of His promises. + </p> + <p> + 3. <i>Perseverance.</i>—To understand properly in + how far perseverance is a quality of prayer, we must, + above all, know what may be the objects of our prayer. + Of these there are three classes. To the first class + belong those cases in which a person needs divine help + at the present moment or at least at a time definitely + near, and seeks it through prayer. Such a petition + would be, for instance, to obtain the necessary and + effective aid of divine grace for overcoming an + existing transient temptation, or the conversion of a + certain sinner approaching death. To the second class + belongs the avoidance of temporal evils, or of + continuous temptations, or the conversion of a certain + sinner now in good health. To the third class belong + such benefits which can be granted only for a later + period, perhaps at the hour of death. The grace of + final perseverance is the foremost among these. + </p> + <p> + Having stated the preliminary conditions, the answer to + the question of perseverance in prayer is: + </p> + <p> + <i>a.</i> Inasmuch as our prayer is directed toward the + attainment of benefits of the first class, that is, of + graces which we need immediately, perseverance can + obviously not be an essential condition of our prayer. + Either we can not attain our object by prayer, or a + transient prayer which has the other necessary + qualities must suffice for its attainment. The first + supposition is contrary to the divine promises; + therefore the alternative must stand. + </p> + <p> + <i>b.</i> When there is question of benefits and graces + of the second and third class, we must concede that + perseverance or continuance in prayer is neither + impossible, nor is it unreasonable. God is willing to + grant us His almighty help, but at the same time He + desires that we, being convinced of its necessity, + implore it all the more eagerly, and thereby become + more worthy to receive it when He shall be pleased to + grant our petitions. Therefore + </p> + <p> + 4. <i>Resignation</i> to the will of God is a necessary + condition for the efficacy of our prayer. This quality + of our prayer needs no lengthy explanation; its + application to prayer is self-evident. + </p> + <p> + Finally the petition for a certain benefit, in order to + be reasonable and permissible, must include the + following two attributes: (<i>a</i>) The object prayed + for must not be harmful, but profitable; (<i>b</i>) it + must not be opposed to the will of God. + </p> + <p> + <i>Conclusions.</i>—Careful observation will + convince us that prayer is often wanting in one or more + of the above qualities. Often that which one seeks to + obtain by prayer is not promotive of God's glory and of + the salvation of souls, even considered from a human + point of view, much less in the designs of Providence. + </p> + <p> + In cases where the object of prayer in itself presents + no difficulties, it is often defective for want of + devotion or perseverance. But oftenest our prayer is + wanting in confidence and trust, which want originates + in the feeble faith of the person praying, or in too + little reliance on the promises of Christ and in the + merits of His redemption. Thus there is nothing to + surprise us if we are not heard. + </p> + <p> + Again, we must never forget that very many, and + generally the most precious gifts of divine grace are + bestowed secretly. Remember the many and great benefits + conferred daily and hourly by God on mankind, + universally and individually. Considering them, it is + presumption to maintain that in a special case the + prayer of the Church, or of a community, or of an + individual, was not granted. The opposite is fully + proved by the goodness, bounty, and mercy which God + shows so profusely to us. + </p> + <p> + We must, moreover, never lose sight of the principle + that the promises made to prayer concern directly only + the supernatural order of salvation. To the goods of + the temporal order they are applicable only relatively. + If we, therefore, experience that our prayers relative + to temporal things remain unheard, we must, instead of + doubting the divine promises, be firmly convinced that + the attainment of the object for which we prayed was, + under the circumstances, not conducive to our real + welfare. We must, moreover, be convinced that God, in + order not to leave our petition ungranted, conferred on + us some other real benefit. + </p> + <p> + Finally, when the refusal of our prayer is clearly and + unmistakably established, the reasons for this may be + the following: (<i>a</i>) Perhaps the person praying + was wanting in effort, or in cooperation with graces + formerly received, a deficiency which can not be + repaired by prayer alone. (<i>b</i>) Or the prayer + itself is wanting in one or the other necessary + qualities, especially in confidence. (<i>c</i>) God + does not intend to refuse the desired grace, but, for + reasons of His own, delays it (<i>d</i>) God gives us + in place of what we asked some other grace more + salutary to us. + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + PART II + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Help of Christians + </h2> + <h2> + Novenas in Preparation for the Principal Feasts of the + Blessed Virgin + </h2><br> + <br> + <h2> + "Holy Mary, aid the miserable, assist the desponding, + strengthen the weak, pray for the people, plead for the + clergy, intercede for the devout female sex. Let all + who have recourse to thee experience the efficacy of + thy help!"—HOLY CHURCH. + </h2><br> + <br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="rules" id="rules">Rules</a> for the Proper + Observance of Novenas + </h1> + <p align="center"> + <i>By St. Alphonsus Liguori</i> + </p> + <p> + 1. <font size="+2">T</font>HE soul must be in the state + of grace; for the devotion of a sinful heart pleases + neither God nor the saints. + </p> + <p> + 2. We must persevere, that is, the prayers for each day + of the novena must never be omitted. + </p> + <p> + 3. If possible, we should visit a church every day, and + there implore the favor we desire. + </p> + <p> + 4. Every day we ought to perform certain specified acts + of exterior self-denial and interior mortification, in + order to prepare us thereby for the reception of grace. + </p> + <p> + 5. It is most important that we receive holy communion + when making a novena. Therefore prepare yourself well + for it. + </p> + <p> + 6. After obtaining the desired grace for which the + novena was made, do not omit to return thanks to God + and to the saint through whose intercession your + prayers were heard. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="manner" id="manner">On the Manner</a> of + Reading the Meditations and Observing the Practices + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+2">H</font>OLY SCRIPTURE says, "Before + prayer prepare thy soul; and be not as a man that + tempteth God" (<i>Eccles.</i> xviii. 23). Therefore + place yourself in the presence of God, invoke the + assistance of the Holy Ghost, and make a most sincere + act of contrition for your sins. Offer up to God your + will, your intellect, and your memory, so that your + prayer may be pleasing to God and serve to promote your + spiritual welfare. + </p> + <p> + Then read the meditation slowly, reflecting on each + point of the thought or mystery treated, and consider + what you can learn from it, and for what grace you + ought to implore God. This is the principal object to + be attained by mental prayer. + </p> + <p> + Never rise from your prayer without having formed some + special resolution for practical observance. The + practices at the end of each consideration in the + following novenas will aid you to do so. Finally, ask + for grace to carry out effectively your good purposes, + and thank God for enlightening your mind during the + meditation. + </p> + <h1> + Introduction + </h1> + <h2> + <a name="Mary" id="Mary">Mary</a>, the Help of + Christians + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+2">N</font>O CATHOLIC denies that Our Lord + Jesus Christ is the only mediator through whose merits + we became reconciled to God. Nevertheless, it is a + doctrine of our faith that God willingly grants us + grace if the saints, and especially the Blessed Virgin + Mary, the queen of saints, intercede for us. If the + saints, during their life on earth, were so potent with + God that through their prayers the blind obtained + sight, the deaf hearing, and the dumb speech, that the + sick of all conditions were healed, the dead restored + to life, and the most obstinate sinners converted; if + thousands of other miracles in the order of nature and + of grace were performed through their intercession; + what, then, will not she obtain for us from God, whose + virtue and merits transcend those of all the saints, + and who did more for the greater honor and glory of God + than they all? Mary is the queen of saints not only + because she is the Mother of the Most High, but also + because her sanctity is more perfect than theirs, and + she therefore thrones above them all in heaven. Hence + the favor with which God regards her, and consequently + the power of her intercession with Him is so much the + greater. + </p> + <p> + If Mary's sanctity thus impressively illustrates the + potency of her intercession, the contemplation of her + dignity as the Mother of God does still more so. Mary + brought forth Him who is the Almighty. She calls Him + her Son, who by the word of His omnipotence created + from out of nothing the whole world with all its + beauties, and who can call into being countless + millions of other worlds. She calls Him her Son, whose + throne is heaven and whose footstool is the earth, who + governs all nature with almighty power and reveals His + name to mankind through the most astounding miracles. + In a word, Mary calls Him her Son, whose omnipotence + fills heaven and earth; and this great, almighty God, + who honors her as His Mother and has wrought in her + such great things, will He not heed her word of + intercession, and hear her pleading for those who have + recourse to her? On earth He was subject to her. Her + intercession moved Him to exercise His omnipotent power + at the wedding feast at Cana; and now, when He has + glorified and raised her up so high He would let her + invoke Him in vain? No, it is inconceivable that God + should not hear the prayers of His Mother! + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/visitation_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/visitation.jpg" alt="The Visitation"></a><br> + THE BLESSED VIRGIN VISITS ST. ELIZABETH + </p> + <p> + The holy Fathers and Doctors of the Church vie with + each other in proclaiming the power of Mary's + intercession with the Heart of her divine Son. Some say + that having been subject to her on earth, He desires to + be so in heaven, inasmuch as to refuse her nothing she + asks. Hence St. Bernard calls her the "Intercessory + Omnipotence." Indeed, when all the angels and saints in + heaven join in supplication to God, their prayers are + but those of servants; but when Mary prays her + intercession is that of His Mother. + </p> + <p> + Therefore we can not sufficiently thank God for having + given us in Mary so powerful an advocate. St. Bernard + aptly says: "The angel announces, 'thou hast found + grace before God.' O supreme happiness! Mary shall + always find grace. And what else could we wish? If we + seek grace, let us seek it through Mary; for what she + seeks, she finds. Never can she plead ineffectually." + </p> + <p> + God, then, who in His infinite mercy has been pleased + to provide for all our needs, desires through Mary to + console us, to comfort us, to remove all distrust, to + strengthen our hope. How consoling to him who calls + upon God in sore distress, or implores His pardon for + sins committed, is the thought that at the throne of + divine Mercy he has in Mary an advocate as mighty as + she is gracious, who supplements his great unworthiness + by her sublime dignity, and who makes good the defects + of his prayer by her intercession! Therefore St. + Bonaventure exclaims: "Verily, great is Our Lord's + mercy! That we, through fear of our divine Judge, + depart not forever from Him, He gave us His own Mother + for our advocate and mediatrix of grace." + </p> + <h1> + I.<br> + Novena in Honor of the Immaculate Conception of the + Blessed Virgin Mary + </h1> + <p align="center"> + INDULGENCES + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>O ALL the faithful who by + themselves or with others, in church or at home, with + at least contrite heart and devotion, shall make this + novena: (1) 300 days indulgence for each of the nine + days; (2) a plenary indulgence on one day of the novena + or of the eight days following it. (Pius IX, January 5, + 1849.) Conditions: Confession, communion, and prayer, + according to the intentions of the Holy Father. + </p> + <p> + <i>Remark.</i>—Whenever, in the following pages, + an indulgence is said to be granted "under the usual + conditions," these conditions are the same as above. + </p> + <p> + <i>Note.</i>—The above indulgences may also be + gained for making the novena at any other time of the + year, and are not attached to any prescribed formula of + prayer. The same applies to all other novenas in honor + of the Blessed Virgin. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_1" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_1">FIRST DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Predestination of the Blessed Virgin Mary + </h2> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prep_immaculate_conception" id= + "prep_immaculate_conception">PREPARATORY PRAYER</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>N THY conception, O Virgin + Mary, thou wast immaculate; pray for us to the Father, + whose Son Jesus, conceived in thy womb by the Holy + Ghost, thou didst bring forth. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 200 days, every time. (Pius VI, November + 21, 1793.) + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">H</font>OLY Church, our Mother, + purposely gathered into the season of Advent everything + which might contribute to assist us in preparing for + the coming of the Redeemer. Purity of heart is the most + necessary and helpful requirement for receiving God + worthily, and for participating in the fruits of our + Redemption through Christ. To remind us of this, Holy + Church celebrates the feast of the Immaculate + Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, this primary + feast of purity, in Advent. + </p> + <p> + The Church, moreover, intends to remind us that the + coming of Christ, our promised Redeemer, depended on + the consent of the Blessed Virgin. The Redeemer could + not appear before she was born of whom He was to be + born. The aurora must precede the rising sun. Thus also + Mary, the spiritual aurora, had to be conceived and + born before the appearance of the Sun of Justice in + this world. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>N MARY appeared the woman who + was to crush the serpent's head, who was to repair by + her willing co-operation with God's designs the damage + wrought by the disobedience of our first parents, and + who was to become our mother and mighty advocate with + God. + </p> + <p> + The designs of God concerning Mary were fully + accomplished. God also has designs concerning us. Our + life was planned by Him from all eternity, and we were + destined to co-operate with Him harmoniously and + conscientiously in working out our salvation. Have we + corresponded with God's designs? Did we not oppose them + by yielding to our evil inclinations and passions? What + a disparity between God's intentions concerning us and + our own co-operation, between His merciful designs and + our cowardly resistance to them! + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prayer_Immaculate_Conception" id= + "prayer_Immaculate_Conception">PRAYER OF THE CHURCH</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">O</font> GOD, who through the + immaculate conception of the Virgin didst prepare a + worthy dwelling-place for Thy divine Son; grant that, + as in view of Thy Son Thou didst preserve her from all + taint, so Thou wouldst vouchsafe unto us that cleansed + from all sin by her intercession we too may arrive at + Thine eternal glory. Through the same Christ our Lord. + Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">B</font>EHOLD, Virgin immaculate, at + thy sacred feet I bow, while my heart overflows with + joy in union with thine own, because from eternity thou + wast the Mother-elect of the eternal Word, and was + preserved stainless from the taint of Adam's sin. + Forever praised, forever blessed be the Most Holy + Trinity, who in thy conception poured out upon thy soul + the riches of that matchless privilege. I humbly pray + thee, most gracious Mother, obtain for me the grace to + overcome the bitter results of original sin. Make me + victorious over them, that I may never cease to love my + God. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="ejac_Immaculate_Conception" id= + "ejac_Immaculate_Conception"><i>Ejaculation</i></a> + </p> + <p> + O Mary, conceived without sin, pray for us who have + recourse to thee! + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 100 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, March 25, + 1884.) + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_2" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_2">SECOND DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Immaculate Conception + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_immaculate_conception">Preparatory + Prayer (p. 51).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">A</font>CCORDING to the definition of + Pope Pius IX, the immaculate conception of the Blessed + Virgin Mary is that privilege by which she was + preserved, in view of the merits of our Saviour Jesus + Christ, from original sin in the first moment of her + conception. + </p> + <p> + By solemnly proclaiming the dogma of Mary's immaculate + conception, the Church confirmed anew the fundamental + principles of Christianity which in our times are so + frequently attacked, derided, or forgotten. God + reserved the solemn proclamation of this dogma, which + seemingly has no practical bearing on the Christian + life, for our age, to recall to our mind the doctrines + resulting from it. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>HE most important of these + doctrines is that of original sin, which to-day is + rejected by many as a debasement of human nature, and + is forgotten by others as having no practical influence + on our moral state. By the promulgation of the doctrine + of the immaculate conception of the Blessed Virgin + Mary, the Church solemnly declares and defines as an + article of faith, that the Blessed Virgin Mary is + conceived without the stain of original sin by a + special privilege and grace of God. If, then, Mary's + sinlessness is an exception, the general rule remains + in force, and all other human beings enter this world + in the state of original sin. + </p> + <p> + Thus, by the proclamation of the dogma of the + immaculate conception, the Church combats human pride + and sensuality, the foremost vices of the age. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_Immaculate_Conception">Prayer of the + Church (p. 53).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>ARY, unsullied lily of heavenly + purity, I rejoice with thee, because at thy + conception's earliest dawn thou wast full of grace and + endowed with the perfect use of reason. I thank and + adore the ever-blessed Trinity, who gave thee such high + gifts. I am overwhelmed with shame in thy presence, to + see myself so poor in grace. O thou who wast filled + with heavenly grace, impart some portion of it to my + soul, and make me share the treasures of thy immaculate + conception. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_Immaculate_Conception">Ejaculation (p. + 54).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_3" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_3">THIRD DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Victrix of Satan + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_immaculate_conception">Preparatory + Prayer (p. 51).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>HE immaculate conception of the + Blessed Virgin Mary inaugurated the fulfilment of the + divine promise made to our first parents in paradise in + the words addressed to the serpent: "I shall put + enmities between thee and the woman, and thy seed and + her seed; she shall crush thy head" (<i>Gen.</i> iii. + 15). Mary is the woman in whom Satan never had a part. + Her intimate connection with God was announced by the + angel: "Hail, full of grace; the Lord is with thee." + Now was fulfilled the saying of the Psalmist, "The Most + High hath sanctified His own tabernacle. God is in the + midst thereof, it shall not be moved: God will help it + in the morning early" (<i>Ps.</i> xlv. 5-6). Mary was + chosen to be the glorious tabernacle of the Son of God + "in the morning early," that is, in the first moment of + her existence. God called her into being that she might + assume the exalted dignity of the Mother of His Son, + and therefore granted her the singular privilege of + exemption from original sin. In her were fulfilled + Solomon's prophetic words of praise, "Thou art all + fair, O my love, and there is not a spot in thee" + (<i>Cant.</i> iv. 7). It was in view of her Son's + merits applied to her beforehand that God thus produced + in her the image of the new man regenerated in the Holy + Ghost. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>HE spirit of darkness holds + mankind enslaved, but one human being escapes him. A + destructive fire lays waste the whole earth, but one + tree remains unscathed. A terrible tyrant conquers the + whole world, but one fortified city repels his + assaults. This human being retaining liberty, this tree + escaping destruction, this city repelling the enemy's + attack is the Blessed Virgin Mary. + </p> + <p> + Will the almighty and merciful God, who has + accomplished such great things in Mary, who has + selected her for His Mother, not listen to her prayers + when she intercedes for us? St. William of Paris + exclaims: "No other created being can obtain for us so + many and so great graces from God as His Mother. By the + all-powerful might of her intercession He honors her + not only as His handmaid, but also as His Mother." + Therefore we ought not be surprised when the holy + Fathers maintain that a single sigh of Mary is more + effective with God than the combined intercession of + all the angels and saints. If, then, Mary's power is so + great, she will surely hear us when we invoke her help + in our combat with Satan. Having conquered him herself, + she will also help us to conquer him. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_Immaculate_Conception">Prayer of the + Church (p. 53).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>ARY, thou mystical rose of + purity, my heart rejoices with thine at the glorious + triumph which thou didst gain over the infernal serpent + by thy immaculate conception, and because thou wast + conceived without stain of original sin. I thank and + praise with my whole heart the ever-blessed Trinity, + who granted thee this glorious privilege; and I pray + thee to obtain for me strength to overcome all the + wiles of the infernal foe, and never to stain my soul + with sin. Be thou mine aid; make me, by thy protection, + victorious over the common foe of our eternal welfare. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_Immaculate_Conception">Ejaculation (p. + 54).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_4" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_4">FOURTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary without Actual Sin + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_immaculate_conception">Preparatory + Prayer (p. 51).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>ARY conceived without sin is + the most blessed daughter of the eternal Father, the + real and true Mother of the divine Son, the elect + spouse of the Holy Ghost. But in the world, in what + condition do we behold her? She dwells not in a + splendid palace; she is not surrounded by a retinue of + servants ready at every moment to do her bidding; she + is not exempt from trials and suffering. On the + contrary, she is poor; she lives in obscurity, and + suffered so much on earth that, without shedding her + blood, she merits to be styled the queen of martyrs. + Her heart was transfixed with the sword of sorrow. Mary + is not exempt from tribulations and adversity; but one + thing God does not permit to touch her, <i>i.e.,</i> + sin. Hence Holy Church applies to her the words, "Thou + art all fair, O my love, and there is not a spot in + thee" (<i>Cant.</i> iv. 7). + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>HOUGH we were not preserved + from sin like Mary, yet God in His ineffable goodness + and mercy granted us the grace to be cleansed from sin + and to be clothed with the garment of sanctifying grace + in Baptism. No treasure of the world can be compared + with this prerogative. But as we bear this grace in a + fragile vase, we must be most careful to protect and + preserve it in ourselves and others from all danger. + Let the Blessed Virgin Mary be our example. Well + knowing the inestimable value of the grace conferred + upon her, she guarded it with the greatest care. + Although exempt from concupiscence and "full of grace," + she was so distrustful of herself as if she were in + continual danger. How much more, then, must we use + precaution to preserve in ourselves and in others this + treasure of grace, since we feel in ourselves + constantly the law of the flesh, which resists the law + of the spirit, and urges us on to evil, whilst the + world and the devil never weary in placing snares for + us in order to accomplish our ruin. Therefore let us + have recourse to Mary, and invoking her aid bravely + resist all temptations. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_Immaculate_Conception">Prayer of the + Church (p. 53).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>IRROR of holy purity, Mary, + Virgin immaculate, great is my joy while I consider + that, from thy immaculate conception, the most sublime + and perfect virtues were infused into thy soul, and + with them all the gifts of the Holy Ghost. I thank and + praise the Most Holy Trinity, who bestowed on thee + these high privileges. I pray thee, gentle Mother, + obtain for me grace to practise virtue, and to make me + worthy to become partaker of the gifts and graces of + the Holy Ghost. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_Immaculate_Conception">Ejaculation (p. + 54).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_5" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_5">FIFTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, Full of Grace + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_immaculate_conception">Preparatory + Prayer (p. 51).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">S</font>ATAN'S relation to God as His + child was severed by sin. The beautiful image of God + imprinted on man's soul was disfigured by it. But with + the immaculate conception of Mary, a being full of + grace, an object of God's supreme complacency entered + this world. After the lapse of four thousand years God, + in His wisdom, power, and love, for the first time + again created a human being in that state in which He + had originally created our first parents. Mary, from + the first moment of her existence was, in virtue of the + sanctifying grace infused into her soul, most + intimately united with God, and endowed with the most + precious gifts of heaven. Because she was predestined + to become the Mother of the Redeemer of mankind, it was + befitting that she should unite in herself all the + gifts becoming to such an ineffable dignity. Hence she + surpassed in grace and holiness all other created + beings, and was consecrated a worthy temple of the + incarnate Word. Therefore she was saluted by the angel + as "full of grace," and the Church, in our behalf, + addresses the Almighty: "O God, who through the + immaculate conception of the Virgin didst prepare a + worthy dwelling-place for Thy divine Son; grant, that, + as in view of the death of that Son Thou didst preserve + her from all taint, so Thou wouldst vouchsafe unto us + that, cleansed from all sin by her intercession, we too + may arrive at Thine eternal glory." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>HE world considers men + according to their rank and station, their wealth and + knowledge. God recognizes in them but one difference, + that caused by the presence or absence of sanctifying + grace in their soul. A soul in the state of sanctifying + grace is God's friend; without it, His enemy. A man + dying in the state of sanctifying grace is sure of + eternal bliss. Therefore we ought to prize this grace + above all else, and do everything in our power to + preserve it. St. Leo exhorts us, "Recognize, O man, thy + dignity! As thou hast received divine grace, beware of + returning to your former sinful condition by a wicked + life." + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_Immaculate_Conception">Prayer of the + Church (p. 53).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>ARY, bright moon of purity, I + rejoice with thee, because the mystery of thy + immaculate conception was the beginning of salvation + for the race of man and the joy of the whole world. I + thank and bless the ever-blessed Trinity, who thus did + magnify and glorify thee; and I beg of thee to obtain + for me the grace so to profit by thy dear Son's death + and passion, that His precious blood may not have been + shed in vain for me upon the cross, but that, after a + holy life, I may reach heaven in safety. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_Immaculate_Conception">Ejaculation (p. + 54).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_6" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_6">SIXTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, Our Refuge + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_immaculate_conception">Preparatory + Prayer (p. 51).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E CARRY the precious treasure + of sanctifying grace in a frail vessel. Our inclination + to evil remains with us, and continues to impel us to + that which is forbidden. On whom shall we call for aid? + Call on Mary! She is conceived without sin. She, the + lily among thorns, who never lost God's friendship, is + our advocate. Let her, who was found worthy to become + the Mother of our Redeemer, inspire you with trust and + confidence. The Church invokes her as the refuge of + sinners, and under no other title does she show her + love for us more convincingly and her power with God + more efficiently. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/adoration_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/adoration.jpg" alt="The Adoration"></a><br> + THE ADORATION OF THE SHEPHERDS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E MAY trust confidently in + Mary's intercession and aid in all temptations and + trials, if we but have recourse to her. Therefore St. + John Damascene writes: "Come to my aid, O Mother of my + Redeemer! Thou art my help, my consolation in life. + Come to my aid, and I shall escape unscorched from the + fire of temptation; amongst a thousand I shall remain + unharmed; I shall brave the storms of assault + unwrecked. Thy name is my shield, thy help my armor, + thy protection my defense. With thee I boldly attack + the enemy and drive him off in confusion; through thee + I shall achieve a triumphant victory." In all + temptations, therefore, let us have recourse to Mary + and through her intercession we shall overcome them. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_Immaculate_Conception">Prayer of the + Church (p. 53).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>ARY immaculate, most brilliant + star of purity, I rejoice with thee because thy + immaculate conception has bestowed upon the angels in + paradise the greatest joy. I thank and bless the + ever-blessed Trinity, who enriched thee with this high + privilege. O let me, too, one day enter into this + heavenly joy, in the company of angels, that I may + praise and bless thee, world without end. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_Immaculate_Conception">Ejaculation (p. + 54).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_7" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_7">SEVENTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Mother of Chastity + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_immaculate_conception">Preparatory + Prayer (p. 51).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">H</font>OLY Scripture and the Fathers + agree in the statement that the Blessed Virgin Mary + made the vow of perpetual virginity. For when the + Archangel Gabriel brought God's message to the + immaculate spouse of St. Joseph, that she was to become + the Mother of the Most High, she asked, "How shall this + be done, because I know not man?" (<i>Luke</i> i. 34.) + Indeed, Mary would not have been, in the full and most + excellent sense of the word, the "Virgin of virgins," + had she not from her own free choice vowed her + virginity to God. + </p> + <p> + During the whole Christian era there have been heroic + souls who made the vow of perpetual chastity, + consecrating themselves to God. Trusting in the + powerful protection of the immaculate Virgin, they + persevered in their resolve to bear this priceless + treasure before God's throne despite the dangers of the + world, the temptations of concupiscence, and the + assaults of hell, and with the help of the queen of + virgins they achieved a triumphant victory. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">S</font>INCE the fall of Adam our + senses are in rebellion against the law of God. "I see + another law in my members, fighting against the law of + my mind, and captivating me in the law of sin" + (<i>Rom.</i> vii. 23). Chastity is the virtue which + causes us the greatest struggles. St. Augustine says: + "The fiercest of all combats is the one for the + preservation of chastity, and we must engage in it + every day." Fierce as this combat is, the aid which + Mary gives her children to achieve victory is + all-powerful. She sustains them by her maternal love + and protection. Those who lead a chaste life receive + the Divine Spirit, are happy in this life, and will + receive a special crown in heaven. + </p> + <p> + Among the means for the preservation of chastity, the + following are specially recommended: The assiduous and + constant practice of self-denial; the frequentation of + the sacraments; the daily invocation of Mary for her + aid and protection; scrupulous avoidance of the + occasions of sin. St. Chrysostom writes: "He errs who + believes that he can overcome his sensual propensities + and preserve chastity by his own efforts. God's mercy + must extinguish nature's ardor." Have recourse to the + intercession of the immaculate Virgin and rest assured + that you will obtain this mercy. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_Immaculate_Conception">Prayer of the + Church (p. 53).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>ARY immaculate, rising morn of + purity, I rejoice with thee, gazing in wonder upon thy + soul confirmed in grace from the very first moment of + thy conception, and rendered inaccessible to sin. I + thank and magnify the ever-blessed Trinity, who chose + thee from all our race for this special privilege. Holy + Virgin, obtain for me utter and constant hatred of all + sin above every other evil, and let me rather die than + ever again fall into sin. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_Immaculate_Conception">Ejaculation (p. + 54).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_8" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_8">EIGHTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Image of the Immaculate Conception + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_immaculate_conception">Preparatory + Prayer (p. 51).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">C</font>HRISTIAN art represents the + Immaculate Conception as follows: The Blessed Virgin + appears standing on a globe, about which is coiled a + serpent holding an apple in its mouth. One of Mary's + feet rests upon the serpent, the other is placed on the + moon. Her eyes are raised toward heaven; her hands are + either joined in prayer, or she holds a lily in her + right, and places the left on her breast. Her dress is + white; her ample mantle is of blue color. A crown of + twelve stars encircles her head. These emblems typify + in a most striking manner Mary's power and glory. "And + a great sign appeared in heaven. A woman clothed with + the sun, and the moon under her feet, and on her head a + crown of twelve stars" (<i>Apoc.</i> xii. 1). + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>HE representation of the + Immaculate Conception is very instructive. (1) Mary + appears standing on the globe. This signifies that + being human, she belongs to the earth, and yet is + exalted above the world and sin; also, that she + trampled under foot earthly possessions, vanities, and + joys. (2) A serpent is coiled about the globe, bearing + an apple in its mouth. This reminds us of the fall of + our first parents, and of the consequences of their + sin. (3) Mary's foot rests on the serpent, indicating + that she never was under Satan's dominion, but was + preserved from sin in the first moment of her + existence. (4) Mary stands on the moon. The moon, on + account of its changes, is an emblem of inconstancy. We + see it at Mary's feet, to be reminded that we ought to + be constant in faith and virtue. (5) Mary wears a + crown, to indicate that she is a queen. The crown is + composed of twelve stars: she is the queen of heaven. + (6) Mary's dress is white, to denote her spotless + purity and innocence. (7) She folds her hands in + prayer, reminding us to imitate her example. (8) Or she + holds a lily in her right hand, to indicate her + virginity and chastity, and the sweet odor of her + virtues. (9) Mary's mantle is blue, which color is + emblematic of humility. Its folds are ample, to remind + us that all who have recourse to her find a secure + refuge in all dangers and necessities. + </p> + <p> + Therefore let us invoke her intercession in the words + of Holy Church: "We fly to thy patronage, O holy Mother + of God. Despise not our petitions, and deliver us from + all danger, O ever glorious and blessed Virgin!" + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_Immaculate_Conception">Prayer of the + Church (p. 53).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">O</font> SPOTLESS sun! O Virgin Mary! I + congratulate thee. I rejoice with thee because in thy + conception God gave thee grace greater and more + boundless than He ever shed on all His angels and all + the saints, together with all their merits. I am + thankful and I marvel at the surpassing beneficence of + the ever-blessed Trinity, who conferred on thee this + privilege. O make me correspond with the grace of God + and never abuse it. Change this heart of mine; make me + now begin to amend my life. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_Immaculate_Conception">Ejaculation (p. + 54).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Immaculate_Conception_9" id= + "Immaculate_Conception_9">NINTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Feast of the Immaculate Conception + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_immaculate_conception">Preparatory + Prayer (p. 51).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">E</font>ARLY in the Christian era the + feast of Mary's immaculate conception was observed in + several countries. St. Anselm, Bishop of Canterbury, + introduced it in England. A great number of Popes + favored the doctrine of Mary's absolute sinlessness, + and the adversaries of the Immaculate Conception were + bidden to be silent and not publicly assert or defend + their view. In 1477, Pope Sixtus IV prescribed the + feast of the Immaculate Conception to be observed in + the whole Church, and made it obligatory on priests to + recite the special canonical office and to use the Mass + formula published for the purpose. In 1846, the bishops + of the United States assembled in plenary council in + Baltimore elected the Blessed Virgin under the title of + her immaculate conception Patroness of the Church in + their country. + </p> + <p> + Finally, Pope Pius IX, after consulting with the + bishops throughout the world, and having implored the + Holy Ghost for His guidance in prayer and fasting, + promulgated, on December 8, 1854, the dogma which + teaches that the Blessed Virgin Mary was in her + conception, by a special grace and through the merits + of her divine Son, preserved from the stain of original + sin. This doctrine was received throughout the world + with ineffable joy; and, indeed, no one who loves the + Blessed Virgin can help rejoicing at this her most + glorious privilege. + </p> + <p> + The invocation, "Queen conceived without the stain of + original sin," was added to the Litany of Loreto. In + 1866, at the Second Plenary Council in Baltimore, the + feast of the Immaculate Conception was raised to the + rank of a holyday of obligation for the Church of the + United States. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>N THE inscrutable designs of + His providence God ordained that the mystery of the + immaculate conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary should + be proclaimed an article of faith as late as the middle + of the nineteenth century. But, then, its proclamation + was attended by circumstances that undeniably proved + that the Holy Father in pronouncing the dogma had been + inspired and guided by the Holy Ghost. + </p> + <p> + Let us praise God and thank Him for bestowing this + glorious privilege on our beloved Mother, and let us + often invoke her under her favorite title, the + Immaculate Conception. St. Alphonsus Liguori tells us + that the devotion to this mystery is especially + efficacious in overcoming the temptations of impurity. + Therefore he was accustomed to recommend to his + penitents thus tempted to recite three times every day + the Hail Mary in honor of Mary immaculate. And the + Venerable John of Avila assures us that he never found + any one who practised a true devotion to the Immaculate + Conception of Mary, who did not in a short time obtain + the gift of that virtue which renders us so dear to her + immaculate heart. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_Immaculate_Conception">Prayer of the + Church (p. 53).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">O</font> LIVING light of holiness, + model of purity, Mary immaculate, virgin and mother! As + soon as thou wast conceived thou didst profoundly adore + thy God, giving Him thanks that in thee the ancient + curse was revoked, and blessing came again upon the + sinful sons of Adam. O make this blessing kindle in my + heart love for God; and do thou fan this flame of love + within me, that I may love Him constantly and one day + in heaven eternally enjoy Him, there to thank Him more + and more fervently for all the wondrous privileges + conferred on thee, and to rejoice with thee for thy + high crown of glory. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_Immaculate_Conception">Ejaculation (p. + 54).</a> + </p> + <h1> + II.<br> + Novena in Honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin + Mary + </h1><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_1" id="Nativity_1">FIRST DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Birth of Mary + </h2> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prep_nativity" id="prep_nativity">PREPARATORY + PRAYER</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E FLY to thy patronage, O holy + Mother of God. Despise not our petitions in our + necessities, and deliver us from all dangers, O ever + glorious and blessed Virgin! + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>ARY is born! The dawn + announcing the coming salvation of mankind is at hand. + The deep significance of Mary's birth is expressed in + the words of the Church: "Thy birth, O virgin Mother of + God, has brought joy to the world; for from thee is to + come forth the Sun of Justice, Christ our Lord, to + dispel the curse and bring the blessing, to conquer + death and bring us everlasting life. On this day a + light broke forth to brighten the paths of men through + all time. Let us, then, rejoice in Mary's coming." + </p> + <p> + Equally expressive and touching are the reflections of + that great Doctor of the Church, St. Augustine: "The + day has dawned, the long-wished-for day of the blessed + and venerable Virgin Mary. Well may this earth of ours + rejoice and be glad for having been honored and + sanctified by the birth of such a virgin." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">L</font>ET us, then, rejoice in Mary's + coming. Let us hail the birth of her who attained the + dignity of mother without losing the high privilege of + a virgin. Let us imitate her holy life, that she may + become our intercessor before the throne of her Son, + our judge and redeemer. By becoming the Mother of God + she became also our Mother. As Mother of the Redeemer + she is also the Mother of the redeemed. Richard of St. + Lawrence writes: "If we desire grace and help, let us + have recourse to Mary and we shall obtain what we + desire." For, as St. Alphonsus remarks: "All graces and + gifts which God has resolved to bestow upon us He gives + us through the hands of Mary." + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prayer_nativity" id="prayer_nativity">PRAYER + OF THE CHURCH</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">G</font>RANT to us, Thy servants, we + beseech Thee, O Lord, the gift of heavenly grace; that + to those for whom the delivery of the Blessed Virgin + was the commencement of salvation, the commemoration of + her nativity may give increasing peace. Through Christ + our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>OST lovely child, who by thy + birth hast comforted the world, made glad the heavens, + struck terror into hell, brought help to the fallen, + consolation to the sad, health to the sick, joy to all; + we pray thee with all fervent love, be thou born again + in spirit in our souls through thy most holy love. + Renew our fervor in thy service, rekindle in our hearts + the fire of thy love, and bid all virtues blossom + there, which may cause us to find more and more fervor + in thy gracious eyes. O Mary, may we feel the saving + power of thy sweetest name! Let it ever be our comfort + to call on that great name in all our troubles; let it + be our hope in dangers, our shield in temptation, and + in death our last aspiration. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="ejac_nativity" id= + "ejac_nativity"><i>Ejaculation</i></a> + </p> + <p> + O Mary, who didst come into the world free from stain: + obtain of God for me that I may leave it without sin! + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 100 days, once a day. (Pius IX, March 27, + 1863.) + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_2" id="Nativity_2">SECOND DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Elect of God + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_nativity">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 74).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E FIND the explanation of the + great prerogatives and privileges which God bestowed + upon the Blessed Virgin Mary by reflecting on her + singular and glorious predestination. From all eternity + she was predestined to become the Mother of His divine + Son; therefore, says Pope Pius IX, God loved her above + all created beings, and in His special predilection + made her the object of His divine complacency. With + singular appropriateness we may apply to her the words + of Holy Scripture, "I have loved thee with an + everlasting love" (<i>Jer.</i> xxxi. 3). The eternal + Father regarded Mary as His beloved Daughter; the + divine Son honored her as His dearest Mother; the Holy + Ghost loved her as His spotless Spouse. "And," says St. + Anselm, "they loved each other with an affection + unsurpassed by any other." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>NSPIRED by the contemplation of + Mary's extraordinary privileges, St. Anselm exclaims: + "Thou, O Mary, art more exalted than the patriarchs, + greater than the martyrs, more glorious than the + confessors, purer than the virgins, and therefore thou, + alone, canst achieve more than they can without thee." + Let us, then, rejoice that we possess such a powerful + advocate in heaven, and let us place implicit trust in + her. But let us also co-operate with the graces and + favors which she obtains for us. Moreover, let us + remember that we grievously offend God and Mary if we + abuse what we obtain through her intercession to + gratify our evil inclinations, and that the graces she + obtains for us for our salvation will redound to our + ruin if we do not use them for the glory of God and the + promotion of our soul's welfare. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_nativity">Prayer of the Church (p. + 75).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E HAIL thee, Mary, who, sprung + from the royal line of David, didst come forth to the + light of heaven with high honor from the womb of holy + Anna, thy most happy mother. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_nativity">Ejaculation (p. 76).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_3" id="Nativity_3">THIRD DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Child of Royalty + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_nativity">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 74).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">A</font>CCORDING to her lineage, as + traced in two Gospels, Mary numbers among her paternal + and maternal ancestors the holiest and most renowned + personages of the Old Testament. We find amongst them + Abraham, the friend of God, the father of Israel and of + all the faithful; then David, the man after God's own + heart, the inspired Royal Prophet; and Solomon, the + wise and mighty king, and the whole line of the kings + of Juda. On her mother's side she belonged to the tribe + of Levi, and was descended from its noblest and most + prominent family, that of Aaron the High Priest, and + was therefore a relative of the High Priests of the Old + Testament. Thus royal and sacerdotal prestige + distinguished Mary's lineage. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>HE Blessed Virgin was not proud + of her illustrious ancestry, and not depressed because + of the downfall of her family, but applied herself + diligently to adhere to the faith and follow the + example of her ancestors. Remembering the wicked + members of her family, she learned from them that + temporal greatness, success, wealth, and glory are more + dangerous to virtue than poverty, retirement, and work. + Let us imitate Mary's example. Even possessed of the + most excellent prestiges of the natural order, of + ourselves we are nothing. "What hast thou that thou + hast not received? And if thou hast received, why dost + thou glory as if thou hadst not received?" (1 + <i>Cor.</i> iv. 7.) Therefore do not overestimate + yourself; do not be conceited; do not strive for + praise, honors, and high station; be not boastful or + arrogant; do not presume on your merits; rather be + distrustful of yourself and patiently bear affronts, + neglect, and humiliations. However poor you may be, be + content with your lot, remembering the words of the + Apostle: "They that will become rich fall into + temptation, and into the snare of the devil, and into + many unprofitable and hurtful desires which draw men + into destruction and perdition. For the desire of money + is the root of all evils: which some coveting have + erred from the faith, and have entangled themselves in + many sorrows" (1 <i>Tim.</i> vi. 9, 10). + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_nativity">Prayer of the Church (p. + 75).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + WE HAIL thee, O Mary, heavenly babe, white dove of + purity, who, despite the infernal serpent, was + conceived free from the taint of Adam's sin. With all + our hearts we pray thee to vouchsafe in thy goodness to + come down again and be born in spirit in our souls, + that, led captive by thy loveliness and sweetness, they + may ever live united to thy most sweet and loving + heart. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_nativity">Ejaculation (p. 76).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/purification_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/purification.jpg" alt= + "The Purification"></a><br> + THE PURIFICATION. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_4" id="Nativity_4">FOURTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Child of Pious Parents + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_nativity">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 74).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>RADITION tells us that Mary's + parents were called Joachim and Anna. The holy Fathers + rival each other in praising the virtue of this holy + couple. St. Epiphanius writes: "Joachim and Anna were + pleasing in the sight of God because of the holiness of + their lives." St. Andrew of Crete remarks: "Joachim was + eminent for the mildness and fortitude of his + character. The law of God was his rule of life. He was + just, and never relaxed in the fervor of his love of + God. Anna was no less noted for her meekness, + continence, and chastity." St. Jerome relates: "The + life of this holy couple was simple and just before the + Lord, edifying and virtuous before men." St. John + Damascene exclaims: "O happy, chaste, and immaculate + couple, Joachim and Ann! You are known, according to + the Lord's word, by your fruit. Your life was pleasing + in the sight of God, and worthy of her who was born of + you." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>T is a great blessing, and one + to be esteemed more highly than wealth and high + station, to have God-fearing, pious parents. For their + sake God is gracious to the children and lavishes His + gifts on them. It is certainly a great privilege to be + offered up to God immediately after birth by the hands + of a pious mother. To have, from childhood up, the + example and guidance of virtuous parents is certainly + of the greatest importance. St. Chrysostom writes: "The + parents' example is the book from which the child + learns." A pious bishop was wont to say: "The good + example of the parents is the best catechism and the + truest mirror that a family can have." If Christian + parents imitate the example of Joachim and Ann the + blessing of God will rest on them and on their + children; for because her parents were so dear to Mary, + she will not refuse to join them in their prayers for + us. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_nativity">Prayer of the Church (p. + 75).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E HAIL thee, brightest morn, + forerunner of the heavenly Sun of Justice, who didst + first bring light to earth. Humbly prostrate, with all + our hearts we pray thee to vouchsafe in thy goodness to + be born again in spirit in our souls, that, led captive + by thy loveliness and sweetness, they may ever live + united to thy most sweet and loving heart. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_nativity">Ejaculation (p. 76).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_5" id="Nativity_5">FIFTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Supernatural Prerogatives + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_nativity">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 74).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">M</font>ARY was the masterpiece of + God's creation; her soul was the most perfect ever + dwelling in a human body. A pious tradition tells us + that she possessed the use of reason much earlier than + other children. Her intellect was illuminated by + supernatural light; her will was exempt from + concupiscence. Being preserved from original sin, she + surpassed in holiness, from the first moment of her + existence, all angels and men. She possessed all + virtues in the highest degree, because of her faithful + co-operation with sanctifying grace and with the + countless actual graces granted to her. She lived in + constant communion with God, undisturbed by evil + inclinations from within or temptations from without. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">T</font>HROUGH the effects of original + sin we have lost the supernatural prerogative of + original justice, and even after receiving sanctifying + grace in holy Baptism we are exposed to many + temptations. Our life is a constant warfare. We must, + however, not despair in this struggle, for if we are + true children of Mary she will come to our aid. In all + temptations Mary is the "Help of Christians" if we have + recourse to her. But if we wish her to help us, we must + not expose ourselves unnecessarily to temptation. "He + that loveth danger shall perish in it" (<i>Ecclus.</i> + iii. 27). This sad experience has come to many. Let us, + therefore, avoid the danger and occasion of sin; and + whenever evil approaches us in any shape, let us call + upon Mary, and we may rest assured that she will assist + us. "I shall certainly triumph over my enemies," + exclaims St. Alphonsus, "if I place my trust in thee, O + Mary, and if thou art my shield and protection against + them." + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_nativity">Prayer of the Church (p. + 75).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E HAIL thee, O chosen one! who + like the untarnished sun didst burst forth into being + in the dark night of sin. Humbly prostrate at thy feet, + O Mary, we give thee our homage, and with all our + hearts we pray thee to vouchsafe in thy goodness to be + born again in our souls, that, led captive by thy + loveliness and sweetness, they may ever live united to + thy most sweet and loving heart. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_nativity">Ejaculation (p. 76).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_6" id="Nativity_6">SIXTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Joy of the Most Holy Trinity + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_nativity">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 74).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>N THE child Mary the eternal + Father beheld His unsullied glorious image, which image + had been defaced in all other human beings by original + and actual sin. What a joy to Him to behold this + stainless, immaculate child! And how great must have + been the joy of the Son of God at the birth of her who + was to be His Mother! From her He was to take that + sacred body in which He was to dwell on earth, the + blood of which He was to shed on the cross for our + redemption, and in which He was to return to heaven to + sit at the right hand of the Father. He will call her + Mother, and regard her with all the filial tenderness + of a child for his mother. She will love Him in return + with a true mother's affection and devotion. As the + Mother of Sorrows she will weep over His inanimate body + taken down from the cross. But like Himself, she will + leave the tomb, and reign at His side as the queen of + heaven. How great, then, must have been His joy at the + birth of this child! + </p> + <p> + The Holy Ghost, too, rejoiced at Mary's birth. He + infused into her the plenitude of His holy love, for + she was destined to become the Mother of God. And how + Mary will love God, from whom she received so many and + so great graces, and whom she is to bear in her arms as + her real and true Son! This, her divine Son's love for + mankind, will be imparted also to her. Therefore the + Holy Ghost rejoices at this child, who received into + her heart the fulness of His grace, and shall be the + helper of those who have recourse to her. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">R</font>AISE your spirit above time and + space; try to contemplate well the mystery of Mary's + predestination. To make us realize the great privileges + conferred upon her, the Church applies to her the words + of Holy Scripture, "He that shall find me, shall find + life, and have salvation from the Lord" (<i>Prov.</i> + viii. 35). Only when we consider Mary as the Mother of + God, do we arrive at a right conception of her great + dignity. Hence St. Bonaventure exclaims, "God might + have created a more beautiful world; He might have made + heaven more glorious; but it was impossible for Him to + exalt a creature higher than Mary in making her His + Mother." + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_nativity">Prayer of the Church (p. + 75).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E HAIL thee, beauteous moon, O + Mary most holy, who didst shed light upon a world + wrapped in the densest darkness of sin. Humbly + prostrate at thy feet, we give thee our homage, and + with all our hearts we pray thee to vouchsafe in thy + goodness to be born again in spirit in our souls, that + led captive by thy loveliness and sweetness they may + ever live united to thy most sweet and loving heart. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_nativity">Ejaculation (p. 76).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_7" id="Nativity_7">SEVENTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Angels Rejoice at Mary's Birth + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_nativity">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 74).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">D</font>ESCRIBING God's power and + wisdom as shown in creation, Holy Scripture, according + to the explanation of the Fathers, introduces Him as + saying, "When the morning stars praised me together, + and all the sons of God made a joyful melody" + (<i>Job</i> xxxviii. 7), and by these words intends to + convey with what joy the angels praised God's + omnipotence on beholding the wonders of creation. What, + then, must have been their joy on beholding this new + wonder of divine power and wisdom, the child Mary, + destined to be their queen. Filled with admiration they + exclaimed, "Who is she that cometh forth as the morning + rising, fair as the moon, bright as the sun, terrible + as an army set in array?" (<i>Cant.</i> vi. 9.) And + moreover, if, as Our Lord declares, the angels rejoice + at the conversion of a sinner, how great must have been + their joy at the birth of her who was to be the refuge + of sinners and the mother of Him who was to be the + Redeemer of sinners? Again, the angels rejoiced at + Mary's birth, because she would fill, through the + salvation of mankind by her divine Son, the places made + vacant in heaven by the apostate angels. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">G</font>OOD children rejoice on the + birthday of their parents and gratefully remember all + the benefits they have received from them. Thus should + we, also, celebrate the nativity of the Blessed Virgin + by a grateful remembrance of the innumerable graces, + individual and general, we received through her + intercession. In acknowledging Mary's co-operation with + our salvation, Holy Church calls her our mediatrix, and + greets her as the "Cause of our joy," because, though + we receive grace from Christ, it comes to us through + her mediation. What cause, then, have we not for + rejoicing at her birth! Again, greeting Mary as the + cause of our joy, let us remember the protection she + extended to the Church in times of adversity and + persecution; let us, furthermore, remember all the + graces which, according to the holy Fathers, are + dispensed to us by Mary's hands. "Of her plenitude," + says St. Bonaventure, "we have all received; the + captive liberty, the sick health, the sad consolation, + the sinner pardon, the just grace." Therefore the + Church invokes Mary as the mother of mercy, the health + of the sick, the comforter of the afflicted, the refuge + of sinners, the help of Christians, in a word, as the + cause of our joy. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_nativity">Prayer of the Church (p. + 75).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E HAIL thee, fair soul of Mary, + who from all eternity wast God's, and God's alone; + sanctuary and living temple of the Holy Ghost; sun + without blemish, because free from original sin. With + all our hearts we pray to thee, O Mary, to vouchsafe in + thy goodness to be born again in spirit in our souls, + that, led captive by thy loveliness and sweetness, they + may ever live united to thy most sweet and loving + heart. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_nativity">Ejaculation (p. 76).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_8" id="Nativity_8">EIGHTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Joy of the Just in Limbo at Mary's Birth + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_nativity">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 74).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">F</font>OR four thousand years the just + in limbo sighed for redemption, and sent up to Heaven + the plaintive cry, "O that Thou wouldst rend the + heavens, and wouldst come down!" (<i>Is.</i> xiv. 1.) + "Drop down dew, ye heavens, from above, and let the + clouds rain the just; let the earth be opened and bud + forth a Saviour" (<i>Is.</i> xlv. 8). What joy must + have filled the souls of the just when they heard the + welcome tidings of the birth of Mary, the virgin Mother + of the promised Messias; how great their consolation at + the rising of that dawn which preceded the Sun of + Justice, whose splendor was to illuminate the darkness + of them that sat in the shadow of death! + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">A</font> JOY similar to that which + filled the captive souls in limbo at Mary's birth now + fills the souls in purgatory when we implore her to + come to their relief. Contemplating the immense love of + the Most Holy Trinity for Mary, we may not doubt but + that, by her intercession, she might at once deliver + all the suffering souls from their prison, if such were + in accordance with God's will. But God's wisdom and + providence have decreed otherwise. Therefore Mary does + not pray for the release of all souls in purgatory, but + recommends them, in conformity with God's will, to His + mercy. St. Bernardine of Sienna applies to Mary the + words of Holy Scripture, "I have penetrated into the + bottom of the deep and have walked in the waves of the + sea" (<i>Ecclus.</i> xxiv. 8), and says: "She descends + into that sea of suffering and soothes the pains of the + poor souls." St. Denis the Carthusian remarks, that + when the name of Mary is mentioned in purgatory, the + souls there imprisoned experience the same relief as + when a sick person hears words of consolation on his + bed of pain. + </p> + <p> + Therefore let us entrust our prayers for the souls in + purgatory to Mary. She will present our petitions to + God, and thus presented, He will speedily hear and + graciously grant them. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_nativity">Prayer of the Church (p. + 75).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E HAIL thee, strong child, who + didst put to flight all hell and the powers of + darkness. We give thee our homage, and with all our + hearts we pray thee to vouchsafe in thy goodness to be + born again in spirit in our souls, that, led captive by + thy loveliness and sweetness, they may ever live united + to thy most sweet and loving heart. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_nativity">Ejaculation (p. 76).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Nativity_9" id="Nativity_9">NINTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Holy Name of Mary + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_nativity">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 74).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">S</font>T. ALPHONSUS writes of the name + of Mary: "This name was neither invented on earth, nor + imposed by human agency. It came from heaven and was + given to the Mother of God by divine command." Just as + it is a peculiar glory of our Saviour's name, that "God + hath given Him a name which is above all names, that in + the name of Jesus every knee should bow of those that + are in heaven, on earth, and under the earth" + (<i>Philipp.</i> ii. 9), thus it also behooves that + Mary, the most perfect, the most pure, and most exalted + of all created beings, should receive a most holy, + lovely, and powerful name. St. Methodius declares that + the name of Mary is so rich in grace and blessing, that + no one can pronounce it devoutly without at the same + time receiving a spiritual favor. Bl. Jordan exclaims: + "Let a heart be ever so obdurate, let a man even + despair of God's mercy, if he have recourse to thee, O + Mary, virgin most clement, he can not fail to be + softened and filled with confidence if he invokes thy + name; for thou wilt inspire him with hope in God's + mercy, pardon, and grace." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">I</font>T IS, then, meet and just that + we should devoutly honor and praise the name of Mary. + Let us never mention it except in reverence and + devotion. Let us invoke Mary by it in all dangers of + body and soul, mindful of the words of St. Bernard: "O + sinner, when the floods and tempests of this earthly + life overwhelm thee so that thou canst not firmly set + thy foot, turn not away thy gaze from the light of this + guiding star. When the storms of temptation assail + thee, and the rocks and quicksands of vexation and + trial threaten to shatter thy bark of hope, look up to + that bright star in the heavens, and call on the name + of Mary. When the billows of pride and of ambition, + when the floods of calumny are about to submerge thee, + look up to this star and call on the name of Mary. When + anger, avarice, and concupiscence convulse the peace of + thy soul, look up to this star and call on Mary. When + thy sins rise up like hideous monsters before thy + troubled vision, when thy conscience stings thee, when + the terrors of future judgment fill thee with deadly + anguish, when gloom and sadness overpower thee, when + thou findest thyself on the brink of hellish despair, + take courage; think of Mary, and thou wilt find from + thy own inward experience how true are the sayings of + those who tell thee that the name of the Blessed Virgin + is 'Star of the Sea,' the name of the Virgin is Mary." + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_nativity">Prayer of the Church (p. + 75).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+2">W</font>E HAIL thee, beloved child + Mary, adorned with every virtue, immeasurably above all + the saints, and therefore worthy Mother of the Saviour + of the world, who by the operation of the Holy Ghost + didst bring forth the incarnate Word. We give thee our + homage, and with all our hearts we pray thee to + vouchsafe in thy goodness to be born again in our + souls, that, led captive by thy loveliness and + sweetness, they may ever live united to thy most sweet + and loving heart. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_nativity">Ejaculation (p. 76).</a> + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + III<br> + Novena for the Feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed + Virgin Mary + </h1><br> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_1" id="Annunciation_1">FIRST + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Annunciation + </h2> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prep_annunciation" id= + "prep_annunciation">PREPARATORY PRAYER</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>Y QUEEN, my Mother, remember I + am thine own. Keep me, guard me, as thy property and + possession! + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 40 days, every time. (Pius IX, August 5, + 1851.) + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>T NAZARETH, a mountain village + in Judea, lived poor and in obscurity Mary, the virgin + selected by God to become the Mother of His Son. On + March 25th she was in prayer in her chamber, and + perhaps sent up to heaven the yearning petition, "Drop + down dew, ye heavens, from above, and let the clouds + rain the just; let the earth be opened and bud a + Saviour" (<i>Is.</i> xlv. 8). Behold, suddenly the + chamber is suffused by a heavenly light. The archangel + Gabriel stands reverently before her and says, "Hail, + full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou + among women. And when Mary heard the angel's words, she + was troubled at his saying, and thought with herself + what manner of salutation this should be" (<i>Luke</i> + i. 28, 29). + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE angel's salutation comprises + two titles of ineffable greatness. Mary is called "full + of grace," because of her innocence and purity; she is + called "blessed among women," because she is the elect + Mother of God. Never before was a human being thus + greeted. It was God Himself who sent the message to + Mary. A good angel now repaired the harm once done by a + bad angel. For Lucifer, the fallen angel, seduced Eve + to sin and thereby caused the ruin of the whole human + race; now another angel, Gabriel, was sent to announce + the glad tidings to Mary, that she was to conceive the + Redeemer from sin, who was to accomplish the salvation + of mankind. + </p> + <p> + Mary was troubled at the angel's words, and reflected + on the meaning of the message. St. Ambrose writes: + "Mary was troubled, not because the angel was a + heavenly spirit, but because he appeared to her in the + form of a youth. Still more was she troubled at the + praises spoken to her. She was innocent and humble, and + therefore reflected on the meaning of the message. She + had always considered herself as a poor and unknown + virgin; she deemed herself unworthy of God's grace; + therefore she was troubled at the salutation. In that + decisive moment she was and remained our model." + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/flight_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/flight.jpg" alt= + "The Flight into Egypt"></a><br> + THE FLIGHT INTO EGYPT + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prayer_annunciation" id= + "prayer_annunciation">PRAYER OF THE CHURCH</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">P</font>OUR forth, we beseech Thee, O + Lord, Thy grace into our hearts, that we unto whom the + Incarnation of Christ Thy Son was made known by the + message of an angel, may, by His passion and cross, be + brought to the glory of the resurrection. Through the + same Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>ITH wonder I revere thee, + holiest Virgin Mary; for of all God's creatures thou + wast the humblest on the very day of thy annunciation, + when God Himself exalted Thee to the sublime dignity of + His own Mother. O mightiest Virgin, make me, wretched + sinner that I am, know the depths of my own + nothingness, and make me humble myself at last with all + my heart, beneath the feet of all men. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i><a name="ejac_annunciation" id= + "ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation</a></i> + </p> + <p> + Virgin Mary, Mother of God, pray to Jesus for me! + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 50 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, March 20, + 1894.) + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_2" id="Annunciation_2">SECOND + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Import of the Angel's Salutation + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_annunciation">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 95).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">"H</font>AIL, full of grace!" Mary was + greeted as full of grace by the Giver of grace Himself. + The angel's salutation meant: "The grace of God has + preserved thee from all sin. Neither the stain of + original sin, nor the guilt of actual sin, ever + obscured the mirror of thy soul. By the special favor + of God the most sublime virtues were infused into thy + soul." + </p> + <p> + "The Lord is with thee." From all eternity the Lord was + with Mary. He was with her not only as He is with His + whole creation, but He was with her in a special + manner. The eternal Father was with her from all + eternity as with His beloved Daughter. The divine Son + was with her from all eternity as with His chosen + Mother. The Holy Ghost was with her from all eternity + as with His beloved Spouse. This intimate union never + was disrupted. Therefore Mary is "Blessed among women," + and ever was, and ever shall be the beloved of the + Lord. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">C</font>ONSIDER how Mary receives the + angel's message. She is troubled, she is disturbed at + the praise, at the reverence of the angel. What an + example of humility! Let us imitate her in this virtue + by the acknowledgment before God of our weakness, our + unworthiness, our nothingness, and by ordering our + whole being accordingly. Humility renders us pleasing + in the sight of God and makes us susceptible of His + grace. Hence St. Augustine writes: "God resists the + proud and gives His grace to the humble. What a + terrible punishment for the proud, what a splendid + reward for the humble! The proud man resembles a rock, + the humble man a beautiful valley. The grace of God + descends from heaven like a gentle rain. It can not + penetrate the rock of pride, and hence the proud man + loses God's grace and love. But in the valley of + humility the waters of divine grace can diffuse + themselves and fructify the soul of the humble man, so + that it may bring forth fruit unto eternal life." + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_annunciation">Prayer of the Church (p. + 97).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MARY, holiest Virgin, who, + when the archangel Gabriel hailed thee in thy + annunciation, and thou wast raised by God above all + choirs of the angels, didst confess thyself "the + handmaid of the Lord"; do thou obtain for me true + humility and a truly angelic purity, and so to live on + earth as ever to be worthy of the blessings of God. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation (p. 97).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_3" id="Annunciation_3">THIRD + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Effect of the Angel's Salutation + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_annunciation">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 95).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE effect of the angel's + salutation on Mary was striking. Imbued with sentiments + quite different from ours, she was troubled at the + praise addressed to her. Meanwhile she is silent and + considers within herself what might be the meaning of + these words. And now the angel calls her by name, + saying, "Fear not, Mary, for thou hast found grace with + God. Behold thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and shalt + bring forth a son, and thou shalt call His name Jesus. + He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the + Most High, and the Lord God shall give unto Him the + throne of David His father: and He shall reign in the + house of Jacob for ever, and of His kingdom there shall + be no end" (<i>Luke</i> i. 30-33). + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ET us admire the prudence + shining forth in Mary. After hearing the angel's words + of praise she was silent and thought within herself + what kind of a salutation this was. She is very careful + and prudent. On this her conduct St. Thomas Aquinas + remarks: "Mary did not refuse to believe, nor did she + receive the message with credulity. She avoided Eve's + gullibility and the distrust of Zachary the high + priest." And St. Bernard writes: "Mary preferred to + remain silent in humility, rather than to speak + inconsiderately." Let us strive always to speak and act + with deliberation. Our conversation ought always to be + judicious; for often a word spoken inconsiderately + causes bitter regret. St. Thomas Aquinas observes: + "Song was given to a number of creatures, but human + beings alone were endowed with the faculty of speech, + to indicate that in speaking we should use our reason." + And St. Chrysostom says: "Let us always guard our + tongue; not that it should always be silent, but that + it should speak at the proper time." + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_annunciation">Prayer of the Church (p. + 97).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> REJOICE with thee, O Virgin + ever blessed, because by thy humble word of consent + thou didst draw down from the bosom of the eternal + Father the divine Word into thy own pure bosom. O draw, + then, ever my heart to God; and with God bring grace + into my heart that I may ever sincerely bless thy word + of consent, so mighty and so efficacious. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation (p. 97).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_4" id="Annunciation_4">FOURTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Question + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_annunciation">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 95).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>ELL versed as Mary was in Holy + Scripture, she fully understood the words she had heard + and knew their great import. She was destined to become + the Mother of the Most High, the Son of God. But there + is an obstacle which prevents her from giving immediate + assent. She has solemnly vowed her virginity to God. + Not knowing how the mystery announced to her was to be + accomplished, and intent above all on keeping inviolate + her vow, she interrupts her silence by the short but + comprehensive question, "How shall this be done, + because I know not man?" (<i>Luke</i> i. 34.) This is + the first word of Mary recorded in the Gospel. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">"H</font>OW shall this be done, because + I know not man?" Truly a momentous question, proceeding + from her knowledge of the great excellence and value + before God of virginity, which, before Mary, was + unknown to the world. + </p> + <p> + Let us follow Mary's example and esteem holy purity and + chastity above all things. Let us remember how highly + Holy Scripture extols this virtue. "O how beautiful is + the chaste generation with glory; for the memory + thereof is immortal, because it is known both with God + and with men" (<i>Wis.</i> iv. 1). St. Athanasius + writes: "O chastity, thou precious pearl, found by few, + even hated by some, and sought only by those who are + worthy of thee! Thou art the joy of the prophets, the + ornament of the apostles, the life of the angels, the + crown of the saints." Let us therefore carefully guard + this inestimable treasure. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_annunciation">Prayer of the Church (p. + 97).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY, mighty Virgin, thou who on + the day of thy annunciation wast found by the archangel + so prompt and ready to do God's will, and to correspond + with the desires of the august Trinity, who wished for + thy consent in order to redeem the world; obtain for me + that, whatever happens, good or ill, I may turn to my + God, and with resignation say, "Be it done unto me + according to thy word." + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation (p. 97).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_5" id="Annunciation_5">FIFTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Solution + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_annunciation">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 95).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE angel explains to Mary how, + without detriment to her virginity, she will become a + mother. He says, "The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, + and the power of the Most High shall overshadow thee. + And therefore also the Holy which shall be born of thee + shall be called the Son of God" (<i>Luke</i> i. 35). + St. Bernard remarks: "Let him who can, comprehend it. + Who, but that most happy Virgin who was worthy to + experience the influence and effect of the power of the + Most High and to penetrate this sublime mystery, can + understand how the divine Light was poured into the + Virgin's womb? The Most Holy Trinity alone co-operated + in the sacred act, and it remains an impenetrable + mystery to all, except to her who was called to so + sublime a destiny." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY did not entertain a single + doubt concerning the wonders which the angel announced + to her about the coming Messias and His kingdom. She + believed with simple faith the words of the heavenly + messenger. Only about that which concerned her + personally she asked a question. When the wonderful + mystery was explained to her, she did not ask how this + <i>can</i> be done, but only how it <i>shall</i> be + done. And after the angel had declared to her that she + shall conceive by the Holy Ghost, she was fully + resigned and announced her implicit belief in these + humble words: "Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it + done to me according to thy word" (<i>Luke</i> i. 38). + Therefore the Holy Ghost Himself praised her by the + mouth of Elizabeth: "Blessed art thou that hast + believed" (<i>Luke</i> i. 45). + </p> + <p> + Let us remain steadfast in the profession of all + articles of faith, and let us oppose, like a strong + shield, the words, "Nothing is impossible with God," to + all attacks of unbelievers, and to all doubts that may + arise in our own minds. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_annunciation">Prayer of the Church (p. + 97).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY most holy, I see that thy + obedience united thee so closely to God, that all + creation never shall know again union so fair and so + perfect. I am overwhelmed with confusion in seeing how + my sins have separated me from God. Help me, then, + gentle Mother, to repent sincerely of my sins, that I + may be reunited to thy loving Jesus. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation (p. 97).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_6" id="Annunciation_6">SIXTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Consent + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_annunciation">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 95).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>E ADMIRE the creative word of + God, by which heaven and earth were called into + existence. But Mary's word, "Be it done to me according + to thy word," is even mightier and more efficacious; + for it commands the obedience even of the almighty + Creator. Without this word of humility and obedience + the incarnation of our divine Saviour would not have + been accomplished. Mary does not say, "I accept the + proposal, I agree to the proposition," nor does she use + other words of similar import. She simply says, "Be it + done to me according to thy word." It was not her own + choice, nor her own decision, but a voluntary, full, + and complete surrender to the will of God that the + message found in Mary's soul, which was expressed in + these words. What a source of consolation to her in the + subsequent sorrowful and afflicted stages of her life + was this complete surrender to God's will! It comprised + the tranquilizing assurance that He to whose designs + she submitted, would endow her with the fortitude and + strength necessary to co-operate with them. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">J</font>UST as our divine Lord Himself + became obedient unto death, thus also His incarnation + and the motherhood of Mary were the result of + obedience. Again, in contemplating the works that in + the course of time were undertaken in the Church for + the glory of God and the salvation of man, we find that + only those were really great, effective, and enduring, + which had their beginning, continuation, and + consummation in obedience. + </p> + <p> + Rejoice, then, if it is your happy lot to walk in the + safe path of obedience. Avail yourself of every + opportunity to submit your will to the will of your + Superiors. They are the representatives of God. By + obeying them we fulfil His will, not the will of men. + St. Bonaventure calls obedience the key of heaven. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_annunciation">Prayer of the Church (p. + 97).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OLIEST Mary, if through thy + modesty thou wert troubled at the appearance of the + archangel Gabriel in thy dwelling, I am terrified at + the sight of my monstrous pride. By thy incomparable + humility, which brought forth God for men, reopened + paradise and let the captive souls go free from their + prison, draw me, I pray thee, out of the deep pit into + which my sins have cast me, and make me save my soul. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation (p. 97).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_7" id="Annunciation_7">SEVENTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Fortitude in Suffering + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_annunciation">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 95).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LTHOUGH Mary's consent was + free, and freely given, she was clearly convinced and + perfectly conscious of the responsibility, the + obligations, and the duties involved by that consent, + and which she now assumed. Great are the duties and + tearful the days of a mother who has to raise her Son, + who is also God, to be sacrificed on the cross. Mary + assumes with the dignity this responsibility. She + consents to conceive the Son of God, to give birth to + Him, to nourish Him, to educate Him for the ignominious + death of the cross. When she pronounced the words, "Be + it done," her eyes were fixed on the distant tragedy of + Golgotha, on the cross towering upon its height. Yet + she accepts it, together with the dignity of Mother of + God. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY, in consenting to become + the Mother of Jesus, became not only His Mother, but + the Mother of all mankind. She became, for all time, + the refuge of sinners, the health of the sick, the + intercessor with God for man; she consented to exercise + a mother's love for suffering and sinful humanity. But + alas, how many of those adopted by Mary as her children + under the cross of her dying Son are unworthy of her + mother love! How many are rebellious children, who fill + her heart with sorrow and anguish! Others, faithless + and obdurate, become a reproach to her. Have you, + during your past life, always been a good child of this + loving Mother? Are you to her an honor or a disgrace, a + joy or a sorrow? + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_annunciation">Prayer of the Church (p. + 97).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HOUGH my tongue is unhallowed, + yet, purest Virgin, I presume to hail thee every day + with the angel's salutation, "Hail Mary, full of + grace!" From my heart, I pray thee, pour into my soul a + little of that mighty grace wherewith the Holy Spirit, + overshadowing thee, filled thee to the full. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation (p. 97).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_8" id="Annunciation_8">EIGHTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Mother of God + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_annunciation">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 95).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY'S true greatness consists + in her having been chosen the Mother of God. This + sublime dignity, pre-eminently her own and shared by no + other creature, elevates her to a station inconceivably + exalted. Mother of God! St. Peter Damian thus gives + expression to his conception of this dignity: "In what + words may mortal man be permitted to pronounce the + praises of her who brought forth that divine Word who + lives for all eternity? Where can a tongue be found + holy and pure enough to eulogize her who bore the + author of all created things, whom the elements praise + and obey in fear and trembling? When we essay to extol + a martyr's constancy, to recount his heroic acts of + virtue, to describe his devotion to his Saviour's cause + and honor, we are supplied with words by facts and + occurrences that belong to the province of human + experience. But when we undertake to describe the + glories of the Blessed Virgin, we are on unknown + ground, on a subject transcending all human effort. We + fail to find words suitable to portray her sublime + prerogatives, privileges, and mysteries." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. ANSELM, writing on the + motherhood of Mary, says: "It was eminently just and + proper that the creature chosen to be the Mother of God + should shine with a luster of purity far beyond + anything conceivable in any other creature under + heaven. For it was to her that the eternal Father + decreed to give His only-begotten Son, whom He loves as + Himself; and to give Him in such a mysterious manner + that He should be at the same time the Son of God and + the Son of the Virgin Mary. She must indeed be purity + itself, whom the Son of God elected as His Mother, and + who was the chosen Spouse of the Holy Ghost, to be + overshadowed by Him to bring forth the Second Person of + that Most Blessed Trinity from whom He Himself + proceeds." + </p> + <p> + Let us honor the virgin Mother with filial devotion, + gratefully greeting her often in the words of the + angel, "Hail Mary, full of grace!" Let us remember that + God alone is above Mary, and beneath her is all that is + not God. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_annunciation">Prayer of the Church (p. + 97).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> BELIEVE, holiest Mary, that + almighty God was ever with thee from thy conception, + and is, by His incarnation, still more closely united + to thee. Make it thy care, I pray thee, that I may be + with that same Lord Jesus ever one heart and soul by + means of sanctifying grace. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation (p. 97).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Annunciation_9" id="Annunciation_9">NINTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, Our Mother + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_annunciation">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 95).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY could not consent to become + the Mother of the Redeemer without including in her + consent those to be redeemed. "She bore one man," says + St. Antonine, "and thereby has borne all men again. + Beneath the cross of her divine Son she has reborne us + to life with great pain, just as Eve our first mother, + has borne us under the tree of forbidden fruit unto + death. That there be no doubt concerning it, her divine + Son made this declaration in His last will." "When + therefore Jesus had seen His Mother and the disciple + standing whom He loved, He saith to His Mother, Woman, + behold thy son. After that He saith to the disciple, + Behold thy Mother" (<i>John</i> xix. 26 27). She gave + up her Son for the redemption of mankind, and He gave + us, in the person of His beloved disciple St. John, to + her as her children, declaring her our Mother. From + that moment we belong to Mary, and Mary belongs to us: + "Behold thy Mother!" + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/rest_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/rest.jpg" alt="The rest in Egypt"></a><br> + THE REST IN EGYPT + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY loves us because she loves + God, and because God loves us. She loves us as her + brethren who share human nature with her. She loves us + as her children, whom she has borne to eternal life. + She loves us because we are miserable and helpless. + True, we offended her divine Son, but she knows our + frailty, our blindness, the assaults of the flesh and + the devil to which we are exposed; and by all this she + is moved to come to our aid. + </p> + <p> + Do not, however, imagine that this good and amiable + Mother will hear your call for assistance if you + continue to offend her divine Son with malice prepense. + To obtain her aid you must make yourself in a manner + worthy of it. This you do by striving to imitate her + virtues. Or is there anything in her example that we + are unable to imitate? True, we can not attain to her + perfection in virtue, but we can copy it to a certain + degree. To follow Mary's example there is no need of + performing miracles, of having ecstasies, or of doing + any other extraordinary deeds. All that is necessary is + to persevere faithfully in the ordinary duties of life, + and to perform them to the best of our ability. + </p> + <p> + "Behold thy Mother!" These words of our dying Lord were + addressed to the beloved disciple St. John, but were + intended for all mankind. Even as Mary never ceases to + be the Mother of God, she never will cease to be our + Mother. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_annunciation">Prayer of the Church (p. + 97).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> HOLIEST Mary, bless me, my + heart and my soul, as thou thyself wast ever blessed of + God among all women; for I have this sure hope, dear + Mother, that if thou bless me while I live, then, when + I die, I shall be blessed of God in the everlasting + glory of heaven. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_annunciation">Ejaculation (p. 97).</a> + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + IV<br> + Novena in Honor of the Seven Sorrows of Mary + </h1><br> + <br> + <p> + NOTE.—Besides the indulgences granted for every + novena in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary by Pius IX, + Pope Leo XIII, January 27, 1888, granted that all the + faithful may gain, on the <i>third Sunday in + September</i>, being the second feast of the Seven + Sorrows of Mary (the other is observed on the Friday + before Palm Sunday), a plenary indulgence <i>as + often</i> as they visit, after confession and + communion, a church where the Archconfraternity of the + Seven Sorrows is canonically established, and pray + there for the intention of the Holy Father. This + indulgence is applicable to the souls in purgatory. + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_1" id="Sorrows_1">FIRST DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Devotion to the Seven Sorrows of Mary + </h2> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prep_sorrows" id="prep_sorrows">PREPARATORY + PRAYER</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>ID me bear, O + Mother blessed,<br> + On my heart the wounds impressed<br> + Suffered by the Crucified! + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 300 days, once a day. A plenary indulgence, + on any one day, in each month, to those who shall have + practised this devotion for a month, saying besides + seven Hail Marys, followed each time by the above + invocation. Conditions: Confession, communion, and + prayer for the intentions of the Pope. (Pius IX, June + 18, 1876.) + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">F</font>ROM the dolorous way of Our + Lord's passion Holy Church selected fourteen incidents + to place before us for consideration, which are called + the Stations of the Cross. In the same manner the pious + devotion of the faithful selected seven events in the + life of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and gives itself to + their religious contemplation. They are: (1) Simeon's + prophecy in the Temple; (2) the flight into Egypt with + the divine Child; (3) the loss of the divine Child at + Jerusalem; (4) Mary's meeting with her Son bearing the + cross; (5) Mary beneath the cross; (6) Mary receives + the body of her Son from the cross; (7) the placing of + Jesus' body in the tomb. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">"F</font>ORGET not the sorrows of thy + mother" (<i>Ecclus.</i> vii. 29). According to this + exhortation of Holy Scripture it is our duty to + remember and meditate often on the sorrows of the + Blessed Virgin Mary. We ought never to forget that our + sins were the cause of the sufferings and death of + Jesus, and therefore also of the sorrows of Mary. + </p> + <p> + Holy Church celebrates two feasts in honor of the + sorrows of Mary; she approved of the Rosary and of many + other devotions in honor of the Seven Dolors, and + enriched them with numerous indulgences. Let us + practise these devotions to enkindle in our hearts a + true and ardent love for our sorrowful Mother. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prayer_sorrows" id="prayer_sorrows">PRAYER OF + THE CHURCH</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">G</font>RANT, we beseech Thee, O Lord + Jesus Christ, that the most blessed Virgin Mary, Thy + Mother, may intercede for us before the throne of Thy + mercy, now and at the hour of our death, through whose + most holy soul, in the hour of Thine own passion, the + sword of sorrow passed. Through Thee, Jesus Christ, + Saviour of the world, who livest and reignest with the + Father and the Holy Ghost, for ever and ever. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">E</font>VER glorious Blessed Virgin + Mary, queen of martyrs, mother of mercy, hope, and + comfort of dejected and desolate souls, through the + sorrows that pierced thy tender heart I beseech thee + take pity on my poverty and necessities, have + compassion on my anxieties and miseries. I ask it + through the mercy of thy divine Son; I ask it through + His immaculate life, bitter passion, and ignominious + death on the cross. As I am persuaded that He honors + thee as His beloved Mother, to whom He refuses nothing, + let me experience the efficacy of thy powerful + intercession, according to the tenderness of thy + maternal affection, now and at the hour of my death. + Amen. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="ejac_sorrows" id= + "ejac_sorrows"><i>Ejaculation</i></a> + </p> + <p> + Mother of Sorrows, queen of martyrs, pray for us! + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_2" id="Sorrows_2">SECOND DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's First Sorrow: Simeon's Prophecy in the Temple + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_sorrows">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 115).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">F</font>ORTY days after the birth of + our divine Saviour, Mary His Mother fulfilled the law + of Moses by offering Him to His divine Father in the + Temple. "And behold there was a man in Jerusalem named + Simeon, and this man was just and devout, waiting for + the consolation of Israel, and the Holy Ghost was in + Him. And he received an answer from the Holy Ghost, + that he should not see death before he had seen the + Christ of the Lord. And he came by the Spirit into the + temple. And when His parents brought in the child + Jesus, to do for Him according to the custom of the + law, he also took Him into his arms, and blessed God, + and said: Now dost Thou dismiss Thy servant, O Lord, + according to Thy word, in peace; because my eyes have + seen Thy salvation, which Thou hast prepared before the + face of all peoples. A light to the revelation of the + gentiles and the glory of Thy people Israel. And His + father and mother were wondering at these things which + were spoken concerning Him. And Simeon blessed them, + and said to Mary His Mother: Behold this child is set + for the fall and for the resurrection of many in + Israel, and for a sign which shall be contradicted; and + thy own soul a sword shall pierce, that out of many + hearts thoughts may be revealed" (<i>Luke</i> ii. + 25-35). + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY was familiar with the + predictions of the prophets and knew that ignominy, + sorrow, and suffering would be her divine Son's portion + throughout His earthly career. But to have this secret + of her anxious soul thus publicly and solemnly declared + by Simeon, was a sharp thrust of that seven-edged sword + which was to pierce her loving heart. In spirit she + viewed that boundless, surging sea of trials, pain, and + death on which her Son was to be tossed about, and was + willing to be engulfed in its bitter waters. Her + affliction would have scarcely been greater had the + death sentence of her divine Son been pronounced then + and there and put into execution. What a sorrow, what + an affliction, what a trial for such a tender Mother! + Well might she exclaim with the Royal Prophet: "My life + is wasted with grief, and my years in sighs" + (<i>Ps.</i> xxx. 11). Let us often contemplate this + sorrow, and excite our hearts to a tender compassion + with the Mother of Sorrows. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_sorrows">Prayer of the Church (p. + 117).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing + Mary, in the grief thy tender heart underwent when the + holy old man Simeon prophesied to thee. Dear Mother, by + thy heart then so afflicted, obtain for me the virtue + of humility and the gift of the holy fear of God. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_sorrows">Ejaculation (p. 118).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_3" id="Sorrows_3">THIRD DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Second Sorrow: The Flight into Egypt + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_sorrows">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 115).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">F</font>OR the second time the sword of + sorrow pierced Mary's heart when she was commanded to + fly into Egypt with her divine Child. Without + manifesting undue perplexity or discontent, she hastily + gathered a few necessaries for the journey, while St. + Joseph saddled the beast of burden. Then taking the + infant Jesus into her arms and pressing Him to her + throbbing heart, the holy pilgrims set forth into the + cold, starry night, away to a foreign land, through the + trackless desert, and into a heathen country. Arrived + in Egypt, the experience of Bethlehem was renewed; no + one gave them shelter. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">D</font>URING this second great sorrow, + what was Mary's behavior? She was content to fulfil the + will of God; she did not ask for reasons, or complain + of the fatigues of the journey, but preserved her peace + of heart amid all the trials of this severe probation. + She is poor, but her poverty does not render her + unhappy or querulous. If God sends us trials, we ought + not murmur or complain. Following the example of Mary, + let us bear them submissively. If we suffer patiently + with Mary on earth, we shall enjoy eternal bliss with + her in heaven. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_sorrows">Prayer of the Church (p. + 117).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing + Mary, for the anxiety which thy most tender heart + underwent during thy flight into Egypt and thy sojourn + there. Dear Mother, by thy heart then so sorrowful, + obtain for me the virtue of liberality, especially + toward the poor, and the gift of piety. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_sorrows">Ejaculation (p. 118).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_4" id="Sorrows_4">FOURTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Third Sorrow: Jesus Lost in Jerusalem + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_sorrows">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 115).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>HO can describe Mary's sorrow + when, returning from Jerusalem, she missed her divine + Son? With St. Joseph she retraced her steps in anxious + search of Him whom her soul loved. She went to all her + relatives and acquaintances in Jerusalem, but heard no + tidings of her lost Child. She passed three long days + of anxiety in her search, and this constitutes her + third sorrow. Of it, Origen writes: "On account of the + ineffable love of Mary for her divine Son, she suffered + more by His loss than the martyrs suffered amid the + most cruel tortures." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>N MEDITATING on this sorrow of + Mary, we ought to remember how indifferent so many + Christians are after having lost God by sin. They feel + no compunction, no sorrow at having offended Him, and + yet they can weep at the loss of a trifle; they shed + copious tears when their will is crossed, or when they + receive a deserved reprimand; but for the loss of their + God they have not a tear. They have lost Him, perhaps + years ago, and never make the least effort to find Him. + Pray to the sorrowful Mother that she preserve you from + such a deplorable fate! + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_sorrows">Prayer of the Church (p. + 117).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing + Mary, for the terrors felt by thy anxious heart when + thou didst lose thy dear Son, Jesus. Dear Mother, by + thy heart, then so agitated, obtain for me the virtue + of chastity, and with it the gift of knowledge. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_sorrows">Ejaculation (p. 118).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_5" id="Sorrows_5">FIFTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Fourth Sorrow: She Meets Jesus Carrying His + Cross + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_sorrows">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 115).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE time was at hand when + mankind's redemption was to be accomplished. Already + the divine Victim of our sins is bearing the instrument + of our salvation. Torn by the cruel scourging, crowned + with thorns, and covered with blood He proceeds on His + way to Calvary, and in this pitiful condition meets His + blessed Mother. What a spectacle, what a sight for a + Mother such as Mary! Anxious to look upon her, and with + one fond glance to thank her for her heroic, unselfish + love, He made an effort to change His bowed position + beneath the cross, feebly raised His head, and directed + toward her one loving glance of ineffable anguish, + mingled with grateful recognition and humble + resignation. Then the sad procession moves on, Mary + following her divine Son on His way to death. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>E, BY our sins, placed into the + hands of the Jews and executioners the weapons by which + Jesus suffered, and thus we thrust the sword of sorrow + into Mary's heart. We repeat this, in a certain sense, + as often as we commit a grievous sin, because we + thereby number ourselves among those whom the Apostle + describes as "crucifying again to themselves the Son of + God, and making Him a mockery" (<i>Heb.</i> vi. 6). + Cardinal Hugo writes: "Sinners crucify, as far as is in + them, Christ our Lord, because they repeat the cause of + His crucifixion." Doing this, we thrust anew the sword + of sorrow into Mary's heart. Let this consideration + fill us with hatred for and fear of sin. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_sorrows">Prayer of the Church (p. + 117).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing + Mary, for the shock thy mother heart experienced when + Jesus met thee as He carried His cross. Dear Mother, by + that heart of thine, then so afflicted, obtain for me + the virtue of patience and the gift of fortitude. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_sorrows">Ejaculation (p. 118).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_6" id="Sorrows_6">SIXTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Fifth Sorrow: Beneath the Cross + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_sorrows">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 115).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>T THE crucifixion of Jesus the + soul of Mary was plunged into a sea of sorrow when she + stood three hours under the cross. Writhing in + excruciating pain, the Son of God hung upon the tree of + disgrace and infamy, yet Mary continued to stand at its + foot, tearful, grieving, yet persevering, filled with + anguish because she could do nothing to help Him. + Another great sorrow befell the heart of Mary when she + slowly withdrew her tearful gaze from the face of + Jesus, and cast her weeping eyes upon the cold and + indifferent world that lay in darkness around and about + Calvary. And yet, "When Jesus therefore had seen His + Mother and the disciple standing whom He loved, He + saith to His Mother, Woman, behold Thy son. After that + He saith to the disciple, Behold thy Mother" + (<i>John</i> xix. 26, 27). + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HESE words, "Behold thy son, + behold thy Mother," contain and express the mystery of + unbounded love, which Jesus has for all mankind, but + more especially for the Church which is appointed and + authorized to lead men to salvation. O blessed, O happy + bequest! It was not enough for the love of Jesus to + have restored heaven to us by His atoning death; He + wished also to give us His dearest Mother. And she has + always shown herself as such. To each of us + individually she was and is a kind and loving Mother. + Give thanks to her, bless and praise her for having + adopted you as her child, and strive to become worthy + of so great a privilege. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_sorrows">Prayer of the Church (p. + 117).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing + Mary, for the martyrdom thy generous heart bore so + nobly whilst thou didst stand by Jesus agonizing. Dear + Mother, by thy heart then so cruelly martyred, obtain + for me the virtue of temperance and the gift of + counsel. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_sorrows">Ejaculation (p. 118).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_7" id="Sorrows_7">SEVENTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Sixth Sorrow: The Taking Down of Jesus' Body + from the Cross + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_sorrows">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 115).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>HO can describe the sorrow and + anguish of Mary's heart when the body of Jesus was + taken from the cross, when her tearful eyes fell upon + His disfigured features! The pure and holy and + beauteous form of her Son was a mass of clotted blood + and unsightly wounds; and yet, disfigured as it was, + there shone in His countenance a clear, calm expression + of divine majesty. Now Mary views the wounds of that + sacred body; she looks at the gap made in His side by + the cruel spear, and can almost see the Sacred Heart of + Jesus, all bruised and broken for love of man. Before + her vision passes in detail His life and her own. + Memory presents to her mind every day and hour of their + quiet, happy life at Nazareth. Is it to be wondered, + then, that at this bitter moment her sorrow was so + great that, as St. Anselm observes, she should have + died had she not been sustained by a miracle of divine + omnipotence? + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font>UGHT not the contemplation of + the sorrows of our blessed Mother confirm us in + patience, in resignation to the will of God in our + trials and sufferings? If the Son of God said of + Himself: "Ought not Christ to have suffered these + things, and so to enter into His glory?" (<i>Luke</i> + xxiv. 26); if the most pure and holy Mother of God, + despite her great prerogatives and merits, had to + suffer a sorrow so ineffable, do not murmur if the word + of Christ is addressed also to you: "And he that taketh + not up his cross and followeth Me, is not worthy of Me" + (<i>Matt.</i> x. 38). + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_sorrows">Prayer of the Church (p. + 117).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing + Mary, for the pain thou didst suffer when the body of + thy divine Son, taken down all torn and bloody from the + cross, was placed in thy arms. Dear Mother, by thy + heart pierced through, obtain for me the virtue of + fraternal charity and the gift of understanding. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_sorrows">Ejaculation (p. 118).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/ontheroad_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/ontheroad.jpg" alt= + "On the Way to Jerusalem"></a><br> + ON THE WAY TO JERUSALEM + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_8" id="Sorrows_8">EIGHTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Seventh Sorrow: Jesus is Buried + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_sorrows">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 115).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE sacrifice for the redemption + of the world was accomplished. "And Joseph, taking the + body, wrapt it up in a clean linen cloth, and laid it + in his own new monument, which he had hewed out in a + rock. And he rolled a great stone to the door of the + monument, and went his way" (<i>Matt.</i> xxvii. 59). + Mary also took part in the burial of her beloved Son, + though the evangelists do not mention her name amongst + those who were present on that mournful occasion. + Never, most assuredly, was human soul visited by such + woe and desolation, as that which overwhelmed hers as + she cast a last glance on the precious remains of her + dead Son. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ET us learn of the sorrowful + Mother at the tomb of her divine Son submission to + God's holy will in all things, but especially when He + takes from us one of our dear ones. Again, the + contemplation of the sufferings of Mary should fortify + us in patience, whenever God is pleased to visit us + with a light and small cross of affliction, or even + with a sorrow that causes our heart to bleed. It should + inspire us with a filial confidence in Mary, who thus + suffered for us and gave her divine Son for our + salvation. We can and ought to prove our love for her, + not by sentimental feelings of affection, but by a + sincere hatred of sin and great fervor in the service + of her divine Son. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_sorrows">Prayer of the Church (p. + 117).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing + Mary, for the anguish felt by thy loving heart when + Jesus' body was laid in the sepulcher. Dear Mother, by + all the bitterness of desolation thou didst know, + obtain for me the virtue of diligence and the gift of + wisdom. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_sorrows">Ejaculation (p. 118).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Sorrows_9" id="Sorrows_9">NINTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Reasons Why Mary Had to Suffer + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_sorrows">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 115).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE reasons why God permitted + Mary to suffer so much may be briefly stated as + follows: He did so from His love for Mary and from His + love for us. He did so from His love for Mary, because + by suffering she merited greater glory in heaven. As + Mother of the Crucified she persevered beneath the + cross, and now she thrones in heaven as the glorious + Mother of the risen Redeemer. Because she shared in His + suffering, she now shares His glory. Again, God + permitted Mary to suffer because He loved us. If she + had not experienced such bitter sorrow, we would not + have recourse to her, for whosoever has not suffered + himself can not have sympathy with the sufferings of + others. Mary knows the pangs of sorrow by experience, + and therefore knows also how to console and help us. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>ECAUSE she herself drained the + most bitter cup of sorrow, Mary is always willing to + help those who invoke her aid. But above all she is + inclined to help repentant sinners, because she knows + how great the price of their redemption was, paid by + the blood of her divine Son. She is able to help us, + because, after God, she is most powerful; she is most + willing to help us, because she loves us, whom God so + has loved "as to give His only-begotten Son" + (<i>John</i> iii. 16). Let us, therefore, have recourse + to her in all our needs, and we shall experience the + power of her help in life and death. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_sorrows">Prayer of the Church (p. + 117).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font> COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing + Mary, for all thy sorrows. I beseech thee, dear Mother, + by thy heart pierced through by them, obtain for me + full abandonment to the will of God in everything and + perseverance to the end. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_sorrows">Ejaculation (p. 118).</a> + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + V<br> + Novena for the Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed + Virgin Mary + </h1><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_1" id="Assumption_1">FIRST DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Death was without Pain + </h2> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prep_assumption" id= + "prep_assumption">PREPARATORY PRAYER</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MARY, Virgin most blessed and + Mother of Our Lord and Redeemer Jesus Christ, through + thy mercy I beseech thee to come to my aid, and to + inspire me with such confidence in thy power, that I + may have recourse to thee, pray to thee, and implore + thy aid in all needs of soul and body. + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY, the virgin Mother of God, + was conceived without original sin. She never dimmed + the luster of sanctifying grace which beautified her + soul by actual sin. Nevertheless she had to pass + through the dark portal of death before she was + assumed, body and soul, into heaven. She had not been + endowed with the privilege of immortality with which + God had invested our first parents in paradise. It was + meet that she should be like unto her divine Son in + everything, even in death. But as she had drained the + bitter cup of suffering during her whole life, and + especially when standing beneath the cross, her death + was to be free from pain and suffering. She quietly + passed away yielding up her spirit in a yearning desire + to be united forever with her divine Son in heaven. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>F YOU have dispossessed your + heart of all unruly attachment to the goods and + enjoyments of this earth, you, too, may hope for a + happy and tranquil transition from this land of exile + to your home in heaven. Therefore, if you are still + attached to the transitory things of this life, + disengage your heart from them now. The voluntary + renouncement of earthly goods alone is meritorious + before God. The separation from them enforced by the + strong hand of death is of no supernatural value. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prayer_assumption" id= + "prayer_assumption">PRAYER OF THE CHURCH</a> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>E BESEECH Thee, O Lord, pardon + the shortcomings of Thy servants; that we who, by our + own works, are not able to please Thee, may be saved by + the intercession of the Mother of Thy Son, Our Lord + Jesus Christ. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MOST benign Mother Mary! I + rejoice that by thy happy and tranquil death the + yearning of thy heart was appeased, and thy life, so + rich in merit and sacrifice, received its crown. I + rejoice that after passing from this life, thou, O most + loving Mother, wast made the glorious and powerful + queen of heaven and dost exercise thy influence as such + for the benefit of thy frail, exiled children on earth. + Obtain for me, I beseech thee, a happy death, that I + may praise and glorify thy might and kindness forever + in heaven. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="ejac_assumption" id= + "ejac_assumption"><i>Ejaculation</i></a> + </p> + <p> + Sweet heart of Mary be my salvation! + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. (1) 100 days, every time. (2) A plenary + indulgence, once a month, on any day, to all who shall + have said it every day for a month, under the usual + conditions. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_2" id="Assumption_2">SECOND DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + At Mary's Tomb + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_assumption">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 133).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>N ANCIENT legend relates that, + led by Heaven, all the Apostles, except St. Thomas, + assembled at the Blessed Virgin's death-bed. After she + had breathed forth her pure spirit, her sacred remains + were prepared for the grave by wrapping the body in new + white linen and decking it with flowers. Meanwhile the + apostles, assembled in another room, sang psalms and + hymns in praise of their departed Mother. The apostles, + all the disciples, and the faithful dwelling in + Jerusalem followed the blessed remains to the grave + chanting psalms and hymns. Arrived in the valley of + Josaphat, the body was gently placed in a sepulcher of + stone not far from the Garden of Olives. After the + entombment the apostles and crowds of the faithful + lingered near the sacred spot in prayer, meditation, + and chanting of psalms in which angels' voices were + heard to mingle. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">J</font>OIN in spirit with the apostles + and faithful in their prayer and meditation at the + grave of our blessed Mother. Contemplate and review her + whole life. Could a course like hers have terminated + more appropriately than with so beautiful, painless, + and tranquil a passing away? Prepare yourself even now + for your departure from this life. Do not postpone the + settlement of your affairs, spiritual and temporal, + until the last uncertain hours. Above all, remove now, + or as soon as possible, all doubts, anxieties, and + irregularities of conscience, because delay is + dangerous and leads to impenitence, and because in the + last hours the powers of hell usually assail the + departing soul with all their might. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_assumption">Prayer of the Church (p. + 134).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">G</font>LORIOUS Virgin, who for thy + consolation didst deserve to die comforted by the sight + of thy dear Son Jesus, and in the company of the + apostles and angels; pray for us, that at that awful + moment we, too, may be comforted by receiving Jesus in + the most holy Eucharist, and may feel thee nigh when we + breathe forth our soul. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_assumption">Ejaculation (p. 135).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_3" id="Assumption_3">THIRD DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Empty Tomb + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_assumption">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 133).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. JOHN DAMASCENE writes: "St. + Thomas was not with the other apostles when the Blessed + Virgin died, but arrived in Jerusalem on the third day + after that event. Ardently desiring to see once more + and to venerate the sacred body which had given flesh + and blood to his beloved Master, the grave was opened + for this purpose. The body could nowhere be seen, and a + delicious perfume filled the empty tomb. The apostles + then became convinced that as God had preserved the + body of Mary free from sin before, in, and after the + birth of His Son, He was pleased likewise, after her + death, to preserve that same body from corruption, and + to glorify it in heaven." + </p> + <p> + A council held in Jerusalem in the year 1672 declared: + "It is beyond all doubt that the Blessed Virgin is not + only a great and miraculous sign on earth, because she + bore God in the flesh and yet remained a virgin, but + she is also a great and miraculous sign in heaven, + because she was taken up thither with soul and body. + For although her sinless body was enclosed in the tomb, + yet, like the body of Our Lord, it arose on the third + day and was carried up to heaven." + </p> + <p> + Although the doctrine of the bodily assumption of Mary + into heaven was not defined by the Church as an article + of faith in the strict sense, yet the learned Pope + Benedict XIV remarks, "It would be presumptuous and + blameworthy in any one to call into doubt or to + question this beautiful and consoling belief of ages." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ET us rejoice at the thought of + the glorious resurrection of our dear Mother. Let us + unite ourselves in spirit with the apostles in heaven + and with Holy Church to congratulate her on this + extraordinary privilege. But let us also rejoice at the + thought of our own resurrection. True, it shall not + take place immediately after death, but it is therefore + not the less certain, and it depends on us to make it + glorious and blessed. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_assumption">Prayer of the Church (p. + 134).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of + God, Mary! As thy sacred body after death was preserved + from corruption, and united with thy sinless soul was + borne to heaven by the angels; obtain for me the grace + that my life and death be holy, so that on the Day of + Judgment I may arise to glory everlasting. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_assumption">Ejaculation (p. 135).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_4" id="Assumption_4">FOURTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Reasons for the Bodily Assumption of Mary into Heaven + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_assumption">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 133).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">1. T</font>HE wages of sin is death. + Now, as the Blessed Virgin from the first moment of her + existence was preserved from all sin, and even from + original sin, it necessarily follows that death could + have no permanent dominion over her, and that her body + would not be permitted to see corruption. + </p> + <p> + 2. This sinless body had been the medium by which the + body of Our Lord Jesus Christ, who was the conqueror of + death, had been formed. How, then, could such a highly + privileged body, a pure and virginal body, be permitted + to pass through corruption and decay? + </p> + <p> + 3. As Mary had yielded up her sacred person to be a + dwelling-place for the Lord of heaven, it seems fitting + that this same Lord, in His turn, should give the + kingdom of heaven to her as her resting-place. St. + Bernard expresses this sentiment as follows: "When Our + Lord came into this world, Mary furnished Him with the + noblest dwelling on earth, the temple of her virginal + womb. In return, the Lord on this day raises her up to + the highest throne in heaven." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>F YOU desire to look forward to + death without fear, and to expect your dissolution with + confidence, follow the Apostle's injunction, + "Therefore, whilst we have time, let us work good" + (<i>Gal.</i> vi. 10). Avoid sin, perform good works, be + patient in affliction, and strive to expiate the + punishment due to your sins by voluntary acts of + penance, thus reducing your inclination to sin. + Therefore offer up to God every morning, in a spirit of + penitence, all your labors, trials, and sufferings. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_assumption">Prayer of the Church (p. + 134).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of + God, Mary! I beseech thee through the ineffable glory + thou didst make for thy departure from this world by a + life of retirement, full of merits and virtue, + dedicated to God alone; obtain for me the grace that, + following thy example, I may detach my heart from this + world, and patiently bear affliction and adversity, + carefully avoid sin, and always strive to advance in + the love of God. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_assumption">Ejaculation (p. 135).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_5" id="Assumption_5">FIFTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Glorious Entrance into Heaven + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_assumption">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 133).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font> JOY greater than human heart + can conceive fills the heavenly spirits when a soul + enters heaven to receive her reward. What jubilant + transports, then, must those have been with which they + hailed the entrance into heavenly bliss of the most + pure and holy Virgin, the Mother of the Son of God, + body and soul, transfigured in glory! And she is, and + shall be, for all eternity, their mistress and queen! + What an ineffable joy, too, for the Blessed Virgin, to + behold the countless numbers of angels, to admire their + beauty, their purity, their intense love of God! But as + the feeble light of a candle disappears before the + splendor of the sun's rays, thus are these choirs of + angels obscured by the ineffable glory of her divine + Son coming to welcome His Mother. Who can describe this + affecting meeting? What a superabundant reward for + affliction and suffering! What an ocean of joy and + bliss, when the Son of God presented His Mother before + the throne of His heavenly Father, who greeted her as + His beloved Daughter! What a joy to behold the Holy + Ghost, whose pure Spouse she had been even on earth! + These transports of bliss baffle all attempts at + description. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HOUGH we are unable to have an + adequate perception of Mary's glory in heaven, by which + she is raised above all angels and saints, yet it is in + our power to do one thing; we can rejoice at the glory + of our blessed Mother, and join the heavenly spirits + and the saints in paying homage to her. Let us resolve + to do this, and never to forget that Mary attained to + the largest share of her divine Son's glory because she + was foremost in sharing His sufferings. Let this + encourage us to bear our cross, to bear it with our + Saviour even to the height of Calvary, there to die + with Him. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_assumption">Prayer of the Church (p. + 134).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of + God, Mary! I beseech thee through the preparation with + which thou wast glorified by God—by the Father as + His most beloved Daughter, by the Son as His immaculate + Mother, and by the Holy Ghost as His most pure + Spouse—in heaven; obtain for me the grace to + share to some extent this thy glory, and therefore to + live so that I may deserve it. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_assumption">Ejaculation (p. 135).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_6" id="Assumption_6">SIXTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary Crowned in Heaven + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_assumption">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 133).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY'S glory received its + culmination by her coronation as queen of heaven and + earth. It was meet that in her should be fulfilled the + words of Holy Scripture: "Come from Libanus, my Spouse, + come, thou shalt be crowned" (<i>Cant.</i> iv. 8), and + that her own prophetic words, "He hath put down the + mighty from their seat, and hath exalted the humble" + (<i>Luke</i> i. 52), should be exemplified in her. For + it was reasonable and becoming that she, who once with + Jesus wore the crown of shame and contempt, should now + share with Him the crown of immortal glory. It was but + fair and just that the immaculate being who was chosen, + above all inhabitants of heaven and earth, to be the + true and worthy Mother of God, should now be solemnly + installed over all creatures in heaven and on earth as + the queen of angels and men, and that to her should be + offered homage, praise, and honor by the blessed + spirits and by the souls of the saints. But the crown + which she received is not one made of gold and precious + stones; it is composed of the virtues with which Mary, + in faithful co-operation with divine grace, embellished + herself; it consists, too, of all the homage and glory + which she receives as queen of heaven. The most + precious gem in this crown is the filial love and + gratitude Jesus shows toward His Mother in heaven. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>NDEED, "eye hath not seen, ear + hath not heard, neither has it entered into the heart + of man," what the heavenly Father has prepared in the + mansions of eternal bliss for His beloved Daughter, the + Son for His Blessed Mother, and the Holy Ghost for His + chosen Spouse. She is now queen of heaven and earth; of + heaven, for she is the queen of all angels and saints; + of earth, for as Mother of God she is the Mother of all + mankind, the mediatrix between the Redeemer and the + redeemed. + </p> + <p> + You, too, may contribute a gem toward the crown of your + heavenly Mother by paying her filial homage, imitating + her virtues, and preserving, for the love of her, your + innocence and purity of heart. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_assumption">Prayer of the Church (p. + 134).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/finding_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/finding.jpg" alt= + "The Blessed Virgin and St. Joseph Finding Jesus in the Temple"></a><br> + + THE BLESSED VIRGIN AND ST. JOSEPH FINDING JESUS IN THE + TEMPLE + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of + God, Mary! I beseech thee through the everlasting crown + of glory with which God has crowned thee queen of + heaven and earth; obtain for me through thy mighty + intercession the grace to persevere in virtue to the + end, so that finally I may attain the crown of bliss + prepared by God for those that love Him. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_assumption">Ejaculation (p. 135).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_7" id="Assumption_7">SEVENTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary's Bliss in Heaven + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_assumption">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 133).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>CCORDING to Holy Scripture and + the doctrine of the Church, there are in heaven various + grades of glory and bliss, according to the rank and + merit of the saints. They probably attain this higher + grade of glory and bliss by the increase of their + ability to enjoy the happiness of heaven. Their + intellect is enabled to contemplate more profoundly the + incomprehensible essence of God; their power of + perception is augmented so that they may more readily + recognize and admire the splendor of the angels, + saints, and heavenly mansions; their will is enabled to + be united, in a higher degree, with God. From this we + may conclude that Mary's bliss in heaven transcends all + human conception. Her heavenly glory and reward + consists in the perfect adaptation of her whole being + to the enjoyment of God and of eternal bliss. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>OOK up, Christian soul, to this + great and brilliant queen of heaven. She is your gentle + Mother and assures you of her help, and the diadem she + wears upon her brow is a proof that she has the power + to help you. Do not, therefore, refuse the hand of this + mighty friend in heaven, for she will lift you from the + depths of your misery, from the rocky shoals of + temptation, and lead you strong and victorious into the + presence of her divine Son. Thus you will enter into a + new and supernatural life in Christ, to share in the + grace-laden mysteries of His life, passion, and + triumph. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_assumption">Prayer of the Church (p. + 134).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GREAT and glorious queen of + heaven, Mary! I beseech thee by that exalted throne + upon which God has raised thee above all angels and + saints; let me one day appear amongst them to join them + in their praise of thee. Obtain for me the grace that I + may never cease to honor thee as thou dost deserve to + be honored, and thereby to become worthy of thy mighty + protection in life and death. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_assumption">Ejaculation (p. 135).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_8" id="Assumption_8">EIGHTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary, the Queen of Mercy + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_assumption">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 133).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY is, then, a queen, + but—what a consolation to know it!—a queen + always mild and gentle, always willing to confer + benefits upon us. Hence the Church teaches us to call + her the Mother of mercy. The pious and learned author + Gerson says: "God's dominion comprises justice and + mercy. He divided it, retaining the administration of + justice for Himself, and relinquishing, in a certain + sense, the dispensation of mercy to Mary, by conferring + through her hands all graces He grants to mankind." How + consoling, then, the assurance that our merciful Mother + is so mighty and so loving a queen! + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>O GREAT is the tenderness of + Mary's maternal heart "that never was it heard that any + one who fled to her protection, implored her help, and + sought her intercession was left unaided." How many + prayers, petitions, and thanksgivings ascend daily to + the throne of this our exalted and merciful + protectress! There is not a cry of an afflicted, + struggling, and suffering soul that she does not + graciously hear. Join, therefore, confidently in the + prayer of Holy Church, "Hail, holy queen, Mother of + mercy!" Approach her with filial trust. Neglect not to + honor her yourself, and do all in your power to lead + others to do her honor. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_assumption">Prayer of the Church (p. + 134).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of + God, Mary! Holy Church teaches me that despite the + glory to which thou wast exalted, thou didst not forget + thy miserable clients, and that in heaven thy mercy is + still greater than it was during thy life on earth. + Therefore I come to thee and trustingly lay at thy feet + all my needs, miseries, and petitions. My queen, my + Mother, turn not thy gracious eyes from me. Remember me + with thy divine Son; cease not to pray for me and take + me under thy protection, so that I may finally have the + happiness to see and praise thee in thy glory for ever + and ever. + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_assumption">Ejaculation (p. 135).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="Assumption_9" id="Assumption_9">NINTH DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Mary in Heaven, the Help of Christians on Earth + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_assumption">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 133).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY'S help as Mother of mercy + is not confined to individuals. She is the protectress + and helper of the whole Church. All over the earth, + wherever we cast our glance, in the records of the + history of times long past and those of recent + occurrence, we find testimony of the graces and + benefits obtained through her intercession. The feasts + celebrated by the Church throughout the year, what are + they but evidences of gratitude offered to the queen of + heaven for the oftentimes miraculous delivery from war, + pestilence, and other great afflictions? Hence she is + rightly invoked as the "Help of Christians." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>N OUR days, too, storms and + dangers threaten the Church. Let us, therefore, by + calling on Mary for help, do our part toward shortening + the days of visitation and trial. Let us not confine + our petitions to her within the narrow limits of our + own personal needs, but let us join in the cry for help + ascending to the Mother of mercy throughout all + Christendom. Let us daily, for Holy Church, send up our + petition to Mary's heavenly throne: "Help of + Christians, pray for us!" + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_assumption">Prayer of the Church (p. + 134).</a><br> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of + God, Mary, queen of heaven! Forget us not. Thou art the + help of Christians; lighten our tribulations, and help + us with motherly intercession at the throne of thy + divine Son. With Holy Church I join in the petition to + thee: "Holy Mary, aid the miserable, assist the + desponding, strengthen the weak, pray for the people, + plead for the clergy, intercede for the devout female + sex. Let all who have recourse to thee experience the + efficacy of thy help!" + </p> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc.<br> + <a href="#ejac_assumption">Ejaculation (p. 135).</a> + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + PART III + </h1> + <h2> + The Fourteen Holy Helpers + </h2><br> + <br> + <h2> + "The souls of the just are in the hand of God, and the + torment of death shall not touch them. In the sight of + the unwise they seemed to die, and their departure was + taken for misery, and their going away from us for + utter destruction; but they are in peace. And though in + the sight of men they suffered torments, their hope is + full of immortality. Afflicted in a few things, in many + they shall be well rewarded; because God has tried them + and found them worth of Himself" (<i>Wis.</i> iii 1-5.) + </h2><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="fourteen" id="fourteen">CHAPTER I</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Fourteen Holy Helpers + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>MONG the saints who in Catholic + devotion are invoked with special confidence, because + they have proved themselves efficacious helpers in + adversity and difficulties, there is a group venerated + under the collective name of Holy Helpers. They are: + </p> + <p> + 1. St. George, Martyr.<br> + 2. St. Blase, Bishop and Martyr.<br> + 3. St. Pantaleon, Martyr.<br> + 4. St. Vitus, Martyr.<br> + 5. St. Erasmus, Bishop and Martyr.<br> + 6. St. Christophorus, Martyr.<br> + 7. St. Dionysius, Bishop and Martyr.<br> + 8. St. Cyriacus, Martyr.<br> + 9. St. Achatius, Martyr.<br> + 10. St. Eustachius, Martyr.<br> + 11. St. Giles, Abbot.<br> + 12. St. Catherine, Virgin and Martyr.<br> + 13. St. Margaret, Virgin and Martyr.<br> + 14. St. Barbara, Virgin and Martyr. + </p> + <p> + The reason why these saints are invoked as a group is + said to have been an epidemic which devastated Europe + from 1346 to 1349. It was called the Plague, or "Black + Death," and among its symptoms were the turning black + of the tongue, parching of the throat, violent + headache, fever, and boils on the abdomen. The malady + attacked its victims suddenly, bereft them of reason, + and caused death in a few hours, so that many died + without the last sacraments. Fear caused many attacks + and disrupted social and family ties. To all + appearances, the disease was incurable. + </p> + <p> + During this period of general affliction the people in + pious confidence turned toward Heaven, and had recourse + to the intercession of the saints, praying to be spared + an attack, or to be cured when stricken. Among the + saints invoked since the earliest times of the Church + as special patrons in certain diseases were: St. + Christopher and St. Giles against the plague, St. + Dionysius against headache, St. Blase against ills of + the throat, St. Catherine against those of the tongue, + St. Erasmus against those of the abdomen, St. Barbara + against fever, St. Vitus against epilepsy. St. + Pantaleon was the patron of physicians, St. Cyriacus + was had recourse to in temptations, especially in those + at the hour of death; St. Achatius was invoked in death + agony; Sts. Christopher, Barbara, and Catherine were + appealed to for protection against a sudden and + unprovided death; the aid of St. Giles was implored for + making a good confession; St. Eustachius was patron in + all kinds of difficulties, and, because peculiar + circumstances separated him for a time from his family, + he was invoked also in family troubles. Domestic + animals, too, being attacked by the plague, Sts. + George, Erasmus, Pantaleon, and Vitus were invoked for + their protection. It appears from the invocation of + these saints, so widespread in olden times during the + plague and other epidemics, that their being grouped as + the Fourteen Holy Helpers originated in a like + visitation. + </p> + <p> + The fourteen saints venerated as the Holy Helpers are + represented with the symbols of their martyrdom, or + with the insignia of their state of life; also, as a + group of children. The latter representation is + accounted for as follows: + </p> + <p> + The abbey of Langheim, in the diocese of Bamberg, + Bavaria, owned a farm on which the monks kept their + flocks. The sheep were tended by shepherds, who led + them along the hillsides, where they grazed quietly + during the day, and were driven home in the evening. + </p> + <p> + On the evening of September 22, 1445, a young shepherd, + Herman Leicht, who was gathering his flock for the + homeward drive, heard what seemed to him to be the cry + of a child, and looking about, saw a child sitting in a + field near by. Surprised, and wondering how the child + came there, he was about to approach, when it + disappeared. Feeling rather disturbed, the boy returned + to his flock. After reaching it, he turned to look back + to the place where he had seen the apparition. There + the child sat again, this time in a circle of light, + and between two burning candles. Terrified at this + second apparition, he made the sign of the cross. The + child smiled, as if to encourage him, and he was about + to approach it again, when it vanished a second time. + Greatly perplexed, he drove his flock home and informed + his parents of the occurrence. But they called the + apparition a delusion and told him not to mention it to + any one. Nevertheless, feeling uneasy, and desiring an + explanation, he went to the monastery and related his + experience to one of the Fathers, who advised him to + ask the child, if it ever should appear to him again, + what it wanted. + </p> + <p> + Nearly a year later, June 28, 1446, the eve of the + feast of Sts. Peter and Paul, the child again appeared + to the boy in the same place as before and about + sunset; but this time it was surrounded by thirteen + other children, all in a halo of glory. He boldly + approached the group and asked the child he had + formerly seen in the name of the Father, and of the + Son, and the Holy Ghost, what it desired. The child + replied: "We are the Fourteen Helpers, and desire that + a chapel be built for us. Be thou our servant, and we + shall serve thee." Then the group of children + disappeared, and the shepherd boy was filled with + heavenly consolation. + </p> + <p> + The following Sunday, after he had driven his flock to + the pasture, it seemed to him that he saw two lighted + candles descending from the sky to the place where he + had seen the apparition. A woman who was passing at the + time declared that she also saw them. The boy hastened + to the monastery and told about the two apparitions. + The abbot, Frederic IV, and the rest of the community, + were not inclined to believe in the apparition, and + ascribed it to the boy's visionary fancy. But when, in + the course of time, several extraordinary favors were + granted to people who prayed at the place of the + apparition, the monks built a chapel there. It was + begun in 1447, and finished and dedicated next year + under the invocation of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the + Fourteen Holy Helpers. The bishop granted an indulgence + for the day of the anniversary of the dedication, the + Papal Nuncio, Cardinal Joannes, granted another, and + Pope Nicholas V a third. These indulgences, and a + number of other spiritual privileges granted to the + chapel, attracted a great many visitors, so that it + became a place of pious pilgrimage. Elector Frederic + III, in fulfilment of a vow made when beset with + difficulties, visited the chapel in 1485. Emperor + Ferdinand also visited it and left, as a votive + offering, his gold pectoral chain on the altar. + </p> + <p> + Devotion to the Fourteen Holy Helpers continued to + spread. In 1743, a magnificent church, to replace the + old chapel, was begun, and completed in 1772. Churches + and altars in honor of these saints are found in Italy, + Austria, Tyrol, Hungary, Bohemia, Switzerland, and + other countries of Europe. In the United States of + America two churches are dedicated under the invocation + of the Holy Helpers: one in Baltimore, Md., the other + in Gardenville, N. Y. Wherever and whenever invoked, + these saints have proved themselves willing helpers in + all difficulties, vicissitudes, and trials of their + faithful clients. + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="legends" id="legends">CHAPTER II</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Legends + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>EFORE proceeding to relate the + lives of the Fourteen Holy Helpers, we deem it + opportune to define the term usually applied to the + narrative of the lives of the saints. + </p> + <p> + The histories of the saints are called Legends. This + word is derived from the Latin, and signifies something + that is to be read, a passage the reading of which is + prescribed. The legends of the saints are the lives of + the holy martyrs and confessors of the Faith. Some of + them occur in the Roman Breviary which the Catholic + clergy is obliged to read every day. + </p> + <p> + Joseph von Goerres, an illustrious champion of the + Church during the first half of the nineteenth century, + writes as follows concerning legends: + </p> + <p> + "The histories of the lives of the saints were gathered + from the earliest times. A collection of such histories + is found in 'The Golden Legend.' The Passionales, too, + containing the life of a saint for every day in the + year, belong to this sort of literature. In Germany + these histories were at first translations from the + Latin; later, they were written in the native idiom, + and, in style, were of a charming simplicity. At that + time, when the upper classes did not yet judge + themselves too highly cultivated to share in the Faith, + and not too privileged to join in the sentiments and + affections of the people, and were therefore more in + harmony with the lower ranks of society, these legends + were in general circulation among all classes: among + the wealthy in manuscript, among the poor orally and in + the form in which they had become acquainted with them + in church and elsewhere. + </p> + <p> + "In early times the science of criticism was unknown; + therefore little care was exercised in separating the + poetic additions from the authentic legends, especially + as the Church had not yet spoken on the subject. Faith + was yet of that robust sort which is not affected by + miraculous occurrences. Nearly all Europe then still + accepted the adage now current only in Spain, 'It is + better sometimes to believe what can not be established + as truth, than to lose a single truth by want of + faith.' But later the science of criticism came into + its rights. The Church established canonical rules, + according to which a strict investigation of all the + facts submitted to her judgment was to be made, and + rejected everything that could not stand the most rigid + examination. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/sorrows_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/sorrows.jpg" alt= + "Mary, the Mother of Sorrows"></a><br> + MARY, THE MOTHER OF SORROWS + </p> + <p> + "Then Art devoted itself to that legendary lore which + the Church, declaring it outside of her domain, + permitted to be embellished at will. Thus poetic + legends were multiplied, their authors being more or + less convinced that the reader would be able to + distinguish truth from poetical embellishment. The + common people continued to make little distinction and + did not permit criticism to influence their ancient + beliefs. They regarded these legends as they regard the + pictures of the saints; not as portraits of the persons + depicted—for in the very next church the same + saint might be represented in a quite different + manner— but as illustrations, more or less apt, + whose object was to attract the attention by their + artistic character and thus to draw the mind to the + contemplation of their original, and by it to God, and + thereby serve the purpose of edification." + </p> + <p> + If we are not devoid of all sentiments of piety, the + history of the combats and victories of the saints and + martyrs, and the narrative of the miracles wrought + through their intercession before and after their + death, will always be a source of joy and consolation + to us, and will tend to animate us with similar + fortitude and love of virtue. + </p> + <p> + The legends of the Fourteen Holy Helpers are replete + with the most glorious examples of heroic firmness and + invincible courage in the profession of the Faith, + which ought to incite us to imitate their fidelity in + the performance of the Christian and social duties. If + they, with the aid of God's grace, achieved such + victories, why should not we, by the same aid, be able + to accomplish the little desired of us? God rewarded + His victorious champions with eternal bliss; the same + crown is prepared for us, if we but render ourselves + worthy of it. God placed the seal of miracles on the + intrepid confession of His servants; and a mind imbued + with the spirit of faith sees nothing extraordinary + therein, because our divine Saviour Himself said, + "Amen, amen I say to you, he that believeth in Me, the + works that I do, he also shall do, and greater than + these shall he do" (<i>John</i> xiv. 12). In all the + miraculous events wrought in and by the saints appears + only the victorious omnipotent power of Jesus Christ, + and the living faith in which His servants operated in + virtue of this power. To obliterate the miracles that + appear in the lives of the saints, or even to enfeeble + their import by the manner of relating them, would rob + these legends of their intrinsic value. If our age is + no longer robust enough to acknowledge the effects of + divine omnipotence and grace, it does not follow that + they must be disavowed or denied. + </p><br> + <h1> + The Legends of the Fourteen Holy Helpers + </h1><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="legend_1" id="legend_1">I.</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. George, Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+1">S</font>T. GEORGE is honored throughout + Christendom as one of the most illustrious martyrs of + Jesus Christ. In the reign of the first Christian + emperors numerous churches were erected in his honor, + and his tomb in Palestine became a celebrated place of + pilgrimage. But his history is involved in great + obscurity, as no early records of his life and + martyrdom are at present in existence. The following + are the traditions concerning him which have been + handed down to us by the Greek historians, and which + are celebrated in verse by that illustrious saint and + poet of the eighth century, St. John Damascene. + </p> + <p> + St. George is said to have been born in Cappadocia of + noble Christian parents. After the death of his father, + he traveled with his mother into Palestine, of which + she was a native. There she possessed a considerable + estate, which fell to him upon her death. Being strong + and robust in body, he embraced the profession of a + soldier, and was made a tribune, or colonel, in the + army. His courage and fidelity attracted the attention + of Emperor Diocletian, who bestowed upon him marks of + special favor. When that prince declared war against + the Christian religion, St. George laid aside the signs + of his rank, threw up his commission, and rebuked the + emperor for the severity of his bloody edicts. He was + immediately cast into prison, and alternate threats and + promises were employed to induce him to apostatize. As + he continued firm, he was put to the torture and + tormented with great cruelty. "I despise your + promises," he said to the judge, "and do not fear your + threats. The emperor's power is of short duration, and + his reign will soon end. It were better for you, to + acknowledge the true God and to seek His kingdom." + Thereupon a great block of stone was placed on the + breast of the brave young officer, and thus he was left + in prison. + </p> + <p> + Next day he was bound upon a wheel set with sharp + knives, and it was put in motion to cut him to pieces. + Whilst suffering this cruel torture, he saw a heavenly + vision, which consoled and encouraged him, saying, + "George, fear not; I am with thee." His patience and + fortitude under the torments inflicted on him so + affected the numerous pagan spectators that many of + them were converted to the Faith and suffered martyrdom + for it. On the next day, April 23, 303, St. George was + led through the city and beheaded. This took place at + Lydda, the city in which, as we read in the Acts of the + Apostles (ix.), St. Peter healed a man sick with the + palsy. + </p> + <p> + St. George is usually represented as a knight tilting + against a dragon; but this is only emblematical of the + glorious combat in which he encountered and overthrew + the devil, winning for himself thereby a martyr's + crown. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>E TOO, like St. George, often + have opportunity to confess our faith in Christ. We + confess it by patiently bearing adversity, by + suppressing our evil inclinations, by suffering + injustice without retaliating evil for evil, by using + every opportunity of performing deeds of charity, by + devoting ourselves unremittingly to our daily duties, + by carefully guarding our tongue, etc. Examine yourself + whether you have not often denied your Faith, if not in + words, through your works. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who dost rejoice us by + the merits and intercession of Thy blessed martyr + George; graciously grant that we, who through him + implore Thee for Thy bounty, may receive thereby the + gift of Thy grace. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_2" id="legend_2">II</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Blase, Bishop and Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. BLASE was born at Sebaste, + Armenia. He became a physician, but at the same time + devoted himself zealously to the practice of his + Christian duties. His virtuous conduct gained for him + the esteem of the Christian clergy and people to such a + degree, that he was elected bishop of his native city. + Henceforth he devoted himself to ward off the dangers + of soul from the faithful, as he had hitherto been + intent on healing their bodily ills. To all, he was a + shining example of virtue. + </p> + <p> + During the reign of Emperor Licinius a cruel + persecution of Christians broke out. The persecutors + directed their fury principally against the bishops, + well knowing that when the shepherd is stricken the + flock is dispersed. Listening to the entreaties of the + faithful, and mindful of the words of Our Lord, "When + they shall persecute you in this city, flee into + another" (<i>Matt.</i> x. 23), St. Blase hid himself in + a cave. But one day the prefect Agricola instituted a + chase, and his party discovered the holy bishop and + brought him before their master. + </p> + <p> + St. Blase remained steadfast in the Faith, and by its + able confession and defense attracted the attention of + the attendants at his trial. The cruel tyrant had him + bound and tortured with iron combs. After suffering + these torments with great patience and meekness, the + saint was cast into prison. He was kept there a long + time, because the prefect hoped to exhaust his powers + of endurance, and to bring him to sacrifice to the + idols. His jailer permitted the holy bishop to receive + visitors in his prison, and many sick and suffering + availed themselves of this privilege. He cured some of + them and gave good advice to others. + </p> + <p> + One day a mother brought to him her boy, who, while + eating, had swallowed a fishbone, which remained in his + throat, and, causing great pain, threatened + suffocation. St. Blase prayed and made the sign of the + cross over the boy, and behold, he was cured. For this + reason the saint is invoked in throat troubles. + </p> + <p> + At length the holy bishop was again brought before the + judge and commanded to sacrifice to the idols. But he + said: "Thou art blind, because thou art not illuminated + by the true light. How can a man sacrifice to idols, + when he adores the true God alone? I do not fear thy + threats. Do with me according to thy pleasure. My body + is in thy power, but God alone has power over my soul. + Thou seekest salvation with the idols; I hope and trust + to receive it from the only true and living God whom I + adore." + </p> + <p> + Then the prefect sentenced him to death. St. Blase was + beheaded, suffering death for the Faith February 3, + 316. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. BLASE gave us a glorious + example of fortitude in the confession of the Faith. + According to the teaching of St. Paul, confession of + the Faith is necessary for our salvation. He says, "For + if thou confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and + believe in thy heart that God hath raised Him up from + the dead, thou shalt be saved. For with the heart we + believe unto justice, but with the mouth confession is + made unto salvation" (<i>Rom.</i> x. 9, 10). We are, + therefore, not permitted to be silent, much less to + agree, when our Faith, and whatever is connected + therewith, as the sacraments, ceremonies, priests, + etc., are ridiculed and reviled. Parents especially + must be most careful in speaking of these subjects + before their children and servants, and do so only with + due reverence. + </p> + <p> + On the contrary, we must confess our Faith, and if + necessary, defend it against all attacks. Often one + serious word will suffice to silence a calumniator of + the Faith and cause him to blush. We must confess our + Faith not only in the bosom of our family, but also in + public. We must let our fellow-men know that we are + true Catholics, who adhere to our Faith from + conviction, without regard to what others say of us, or + how they judge us, remembering the words of Our Lord, + "Every one, therefore, that shall confess me before + men, I will also confess him before my Father who is in + heaven" (<i>Matt.</i> x. 32). + </p> + <p> + It was remarked above that St. Blase is the patron + invoked in throat troubles. Therefore the Church, on + his feast, February 3, gives a special blessing, at + which she prays over those receiving it: "By the + intercession of St. Blase, bishop and martyr, may God + deliver thee from all ills of the throat and from all + other ills; in the name of the Father, and of the Son, + and of the Holy Ghost. Amen." Do not neglect to receive + this blessing, if you have the opportunity. The + blessings of the Church are powerful and effective, for + she is God's representative on earth. Therefore her + blessing is God's blessing, and is always effective, + except we ourselves place an obstacle in its way. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + O God, who dost rejoice us through the memory of Thy + blessed bishop and martyr Blase: graciously grant us, + that we, who honor his memory, may experience his + protection. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_3" id="legend_3">III</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Erasmus, Bishop and Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE pious historians of the + early Christian times state, as a rule, only what the + saints did and suffered for the Faith, and how they + died. They deemed the martyrs' glorious combat and + their victorious entrance into heaven more instructive, + and therefore more important, than a lengthy + description of their lives. + </p> + <p> + Hence we know little of the native place and the youth + of St. Erasmus, except that at the beginning of the + fourth century of the Christian era he was bishop of + Antioch in Asia Minor, the city where the name of + "Christian" first came into use. When a long and cruel + persecution broke out under the Emperor Diocletian, St. + Erasmus hid himself in the mountains of the Libanon, + and led there, for some years, an austere life of + penance and fasting. Finally he was discovered and + dragged before the judge. + </p> + <p> + At first, persuasions and kindness were employed to + induce him to deny the Faith, but when these efforts + failed recourse was had to the most cruel torments. He + was scourged, and finally cast into a caldron filled + with boiling oil, sulphur, and pitch. In this seething + mass God preserved him from harm, and by this miracle + many spectators were converted to the Faith. Still more + enraged thereat, the judge ordered the holy bishop to + be thrown into prison and kept there in chains till he + died of starvation. But God delivered him, as He had + once delivered St. Peter. One night an angel appeared + to him and said: "Erasmus, follow me! Thou shalt + convert a great many." Thus far he had led numbers to + the Faith by suffering, now he was to convert + multitudes as a missionary. + </p> + <p> + Delivered from prison by the power of God, he went + forth into many lands and preached the Faith. Mighty in + word and deed, he wrought many miracles and converted + great numbers of heathens. At length he came to Italy, + where Emperor Maximin persecuted the Christians as + fiercely as did Diocletian in the East. As soon as + Maximin heard of Erasmus and the conversions effected + by his preaching and miracles, he ordered the slaughter + of three hundred of the converts. Erasmus himself was + most cruelly tortured, but to no purpose. He remained + firm. Then cast into prison, he was again liberated by + an angel. + </p> + <p> + At last the hour of deliverance came to this valiant + and apostolic confessor and martyr of Christ. He heard + a heavenly voice, saying: "Erasmus, come now to the + heavenly city and rest in the place which God has + prepared for thee with the holy martyrs and prophets. + Enjoy now the fruit of thy labor. By thee I was honored + in heaven and on earth." Erasmus, looking toward + heaven, saw a splendid crown, and the apostles and + prophets welcoming him. He bowed his head, saying: + "Receive, O Lord, the soul of thy servant!" and + peacefully breathed forth his spirit on June 2, 308. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE tortures which St. Erasmus + suffered for the Faith seem almost incredible, and the + events related of him are truly wonderful. Martyrdom + and miracles illustrated the doctrine he preached; he + converted multitudes and gained the crown of heaven. + </p> + <p> + Perhaps you say that in our times there are no longer + any martyrs, at least not in civilized countries. Are + you quite sure of it? St. Augustine writes: "Peace also + has its martyrs." It is certainly not easy to suffer + torments like the martyrs and to receive finally the + death-dealing blow of the sword. But is it not also a + martyrdom to suffer for years the pains of a lingering + illness? Again, how difficult the combat with the + world, the flesh, and the powers of hell! How carefully + must we watch and pray to gain the victory! This is our + martyrdom. Let us imitate the example of the holy + martyrs in bearing the trials and sufferings of life, + and we shall receive, as they did, the crown of heaven. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who dost give us joy + through the memory of Thy holy martyrs, graciously + grant that we may be inflamed by their example, in + whose merits we rejoice. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_4" id="legend_4">IV</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Pantaleon, Physician and Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. PANTALEON was physician to + Emperor Maximin and a Christian, but he fell through a + temptation which is sometimes more dangerous than the + most severe trials by the fiercest torments. This + temptation was the bad example of the impious, + idolatrous courtiers with whom the young physician + associated. He was seduced by them and abandoned the + Faith. But the grace of God called him, and he obeyed. + </p> + <p> + Hermolaus, a zealous priest, by prudent exhortation + awakened Pantaleon's conscience to a sense of his + guilt, and brought him back into the fold of the + Church. Henceforth he devoted himself ardently to the + advancement of the spiritual and temporal welfare of + his fellow-citizens. First of all he sought to convert + his father, who was still a heathen, and had the + consolation to see him die a Christian. He divided the + ample fortune which he inherited amongst the poor and + the sick. As a physician, he was intent on healing his + patients both by physical and by spiritual means. + Christians he confirmed in the practice and confession + of the Faith, and the heathens he sought to convert. + Many suffering from incurable diseases were restored to + health by his prayer and the invocation of the holy + name of Jesus. His presence was everywhere fraught with + blessings and consolation. + </p> + <p> + St. Pantaleon yearned to prove his fidelity to the + Faith by shedding his blood for it, and the opportunity + came to him when his heathen associates in the healing + art denounced him to the emperor as a zealous + propagator of Christianity. He was brought up before + the emperor's tribunal and ordered to sacrifice to the + idols. He replied: "The God whom I adore is Jesus + Christ. He created heaven and earth, He raised the dead + to life, made the blind see and healed the sick, all + through the power of His word. Your idols are dead, + they can not do anything. Order a sick person to be + brought here, one declared incurable. Your priests + shall invoke their idols for him and I shall call on + the only true God, and we shall see who is able to help + him." The proposal was accepted. A man sick with the + palsy was brought, who could neither walk nor stand + without help. The heathen priests prayed for him, but + in vain. Then Pantaleon prayed, took the sick man by + the hand, and said: "In the name of Jesus, the Son of + God, I command thee to rise and be well." And the + palsied man rose, restored to perfect health. + </p> + <p> + By this miracle a great number of those present were + converted. But the emperor and the idolatrous priests + were all the more enraged. Maximin now attempted to + gain Pantaleon by blandishments and promises to deny + the Faith, but without success. Then he had recourse to + threats, and as they too availed nothing, he proceeded + to have them put into execution. The brave confessor of + the Faith was tortured in every conceivable manner. + Finally he was nailed to a tree, and then beheaded. The + priest Hermolaus and the brothers Hermippos and + Hermocrates suffered death with him, in the year 308. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>APPY are they who, whatever may + be their station or calling in life, are intent on + bringing those with whom they come into contact under + the influence of religion. But, alas, too many do just + the reverse. They permit themselves to be led astray by + bad example, and set aside the claims of the Church as + too severe and exacting. How do you act in this regard? + Do you shun the company of the wicked? A proverb says: + "Tell me in whose company you are found, and I will + tell you who you are." Bad company insensibly + undermines faith and morals, overcomes the fear of evil + and the aversion to it and weakens the will. "He that + loveth danger shall perish in it" (<i>Ecclus</i>. iii. + 27). + </p> + <p> + As soon as St. Pantaleon came to a sense of his + apostasy, he repented and returned to the practice of + the Faith. He did this despite the knowledge that he + thereby incurred hatred and persecution. The true + Christian will ever follow the dictates of conscience + and please God, whether he thereby incur the + displeasure of men or not. If, to please men, we become + remiss in the service of God, we show that we fear and + love Him less than men. What a lamentable folly! Of + whom have we to expect greater benefits or to fear + greater evils—from God or man? Do not act thus + unwisely; rather imitate St. Pantaleon, and live for + God and His service. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LMIGHTY God, grant us through + the intercession of Thy blessed martyr Pantaleon to be + delivered and preserved from all ills of the body, and + from evil thoughts and influences in spirit. Through + Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/mother_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/mother.jpg" alt= + "Our Lord in the Lap of His Blessed Mother"></a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_5" id="legend_5">V</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St Vitus, Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. VITUS belonged to a noble + pagan family of Sicily, and was born about the year + 291, at Mazurra. His father, Hylas, placed him in early + childhood in charge of a Christian couple named + Modestus and Crescentia, who raised him in the + Christian faith, and had him baptized. He grew in years + and in virtue, till, at the age of twelve, he was + claimed by his father, who, to his great anger, found + him a fervent Christian. Convinced, after many + unsuccessful attempts, that stripes and other + chastisements would not induce him to renounce the + Faith, his father delivered the brave boy up to + Valerian, the governor, who in vain employed every + artifice to shake his constancy. Finally he commanded + Vitus to be scourged, but when two soldiers were about + to execute this order their hands and those of Valerian + were suddenly lamed. The governor ascribed this to + sorcery, yet he invoked Vitus' help, and behold, when + the Christian boy made the sign of the cross over the + lamed members, they were healed. Then Valerian sent him + back to his father, telling him to leave no means + untried to induce his son to sacrifice to the idols. + </p> + <p> + Hylas now tried blandishments, pleasures, and + amusements to influence the brave boy. He even sent a + corrupt woman to tempt him, and for that purpose locked + them both together in one room. But Vitus, who had + remained firm amid tortures, resisted also the + allurements of sensuality. Closing his eyes, he knelt + in prayer, and behold, an angel appeared, filling the + room with heavenly splendor, and stood at the youth's + side. Terrified, the woman fled. But even this miracle + did not change the obstinate father. + </p> + <p> + Finally Vitus escaped, and with Modestus and Crescentia + fled to Italy. They landed safe in Naples, and there + proclaimed Christ wherever they had an opportunity. + Their fervor and many miracles which they wrought + attracted the attention of Emperor Diocletian to them. + He ordered them to be brought before his tribunal, + which being done, he at first treated them kindly, + employing blandishments and making promises to induce + them to renounce Christ. When this had no effect, they + were cruelly tormented, but with no other result than + confirming them in their constancy. Enraged, the + emperor condemned them to be thrown to the wild beasts. + But the lions and tigers forgot their ferocity and + cowered at their feet. Now Diocletian, whose fury knew + no bounds, ordered them to be cast into a caldron of + molten lead and boiling pitch. They prayed, "O God, + deliver us through the power of Thy name!" and behold, + they remained unharmed. Then the emperor condemned them + to the rack, on which they expired, in the year 303. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE heroic spirit of martyrdom + exhibited by St. Vitus was owing to the early + impressions of piety which he received through the + teaching and example of his virtuous foster-parents. + The choice of teachers, nurses, and servants who have + the care of children is of the greatest importance on + account of the influence they exert on them. The pagan + Romans were most solicitous that no slave whose speech + was not perfectly elegant and graceful should have + access to children. Shall a Christian be less careful + as to their virtue? It is a fatal mistake to imagine + that children are too young to be infected with the + contagion of vice. No age is more impressionable than + childhood; no one observes more closely than the young, + and nothing is so easily acquired by them as a spirit + of vanity, pride, revenge, obstinacy, sloth, etc., and + nothing is harder to overcome. What a happiness for a + child to be formed to virtue from infancy, and to be + instilled from a tender age with the spirit of piety, + simplicity, meekness, and mercy! Such a foundation + being well laid, the soul will easily, and sometimes + without experiencing severe conflicts, rise to the + height of Christian perfection. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>E BESEECH Thee, O Lord, to + graciously grant us through the intercession of Thy + blessed martyrs Vitus, Modestus, and Crescentia, that + we may not proudly exalt ourselves, but serve Thee in + humility and simplicity, so as to avoid evil and to do + right for Thy sake. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_6" id="legend_6">VI</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Christophorus, Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>N ANCIENT tradition concerning + St. Christophorus relates: He was born in the land of + Canaan, and was named Reprobus, that is Reprobate, for + he was a barbarous heathen. In stature and strength he + was a giant. Thinking no one his like in bodily vigor, + he resolved to go forth in search of the mightiest + master and serve him. In his wanderings, he met with a + king who was praised as the most valorous man on earth. + To him he offered his services and was accepted. The + king was proud of his giant and kept him near his + person. One day a minstrel visited the king's castle, + and among the ballads he sung before the court was one + on the power of Satan. At the mention of this name the + king blessed himself, making the sign of the cross. + Reprobus, wondering, asked him why he did that. The + king replied: "When I make this sign, Satan has no + power over me." Reprobus rejoined: "So thou fearest the + power of Satan? Then he is mightier than thou, and I + shall seek and serve him." + </p> + <p> + Setting forth to seek Satan, he came into a wilderness. + One dark night he met a band of wild fellows riding + through the forest. It was Satan and his escort. + Reprobus bravely accosted him, saying he wished to + serve him. He was accepted. But soon he was convinced + that his new master was not the mightiest on earth. For + one day, whilst approaching a crucifix by the wayside, + Satan quickly took to flight, and Reprobus asked him + for the reason. Satan replied: "That is the image of my + greatest enemy, who conquered me on the cross. From him + I always flee." When Reprobus heard this, he left the + devil, and went in search of Christ. + </p> + <p> + In his wanderings, he one day came to a hut hidden in + the forest. At its door sat a venerable old man. + Reprobus addressed him, and in the course of the + conversation that ensued the old man told him that he + was a hermit, and had left the world to serve Christ, + the Lord of heaven and earth. "Thou art my man," cried + Reprobus; "Christ is He whom I seek, for He is the + strongest and the mightiest. Tell me where I can find + Him." + </p> + <p> + The hermit then began instructing the giant about God + and the Redeemer, and concluded by saying: "He who + would serve Christ must offer himself entirely to Him, + and do and suffer everything for His sake. His reward + for this will be immense and will last forever." + Reprobus now asked the hermit to allow him to remain, + and to continue to instruct him. The hermit consented. + When Reprobus was fully instructed, he baptized him. + After his baptism, a great change came over the giant. + No longer proud of his great size and strength, he + became meek and humble, and asked the hermit to assign + to him some task by which he might serve God, his + master. "For," said he, "I can not pray and fast; + therefore I must serve God in some other way." The + hermit led him to a broad and swift river nearby, and + said: "Here build thyself a hut, and when wanderers + wish to cross the river, carry them over for the love + of Christ." For there was no bridge across the river. + </p> + <p> + Henceforth, day and night, whenever he was called, + Reprobus faithfully performed the task assigned to him. + One night he heard a child calling to be carried across + the river. Quickly he rose, placed the child on his + stout shoulder, took his staff and walked into the + mighty current. Arrived in midstream, the water rose + higher and higher, and the child became heavier and + heavier. "O child," he cried, "how heavy thou art! It + seems I bear the weight of the world on my shoulder." + And the child replied, "Right thou art. Thou bearest + not only the world, but the Creator of heaven and + earth. I am Jesus Christ, thy King and Lord, and + henceforth thou shalt be called Christophorus, that is, + Christ-bearer. Arrived on yonder shore, plant thy staff + in the ground, and in token of my power and might + tomorrow it shall bear leaves and blossoms." + </p> + <p> + And the child disappeared. On reaching the other shore, + Christophorus stuck his staff into the ground, and + behold, it budded forth leaves and blossoms. Then, + kneeling, he promised the Lord to serve Him ever + faithfully. He kept his promise, and thenceforth became + a zealous preacher of the Gospel, converting many to + the Faith. On his missionary peregrinations he came + also to Lycia, where, after his first sermon, eighteen + thousand heathens requested baptism. When Emperor + Decius heard of this, he sent a company of four hundred + soldiers to capture Christophorus. To these he preached + so convincingly, that they all asked for baptism. + Decius became enraged thereat and had him cast into + prison. There he first treated him with great kindness, + and surrounded him with every luxury to tempt him to + sin, but in vain. Then he ordered him to be tortured in + the most cruel manner, until he should deny the Faith. + He was scourged, placed on plates of hot iron, boiling + oil was poured over and fire was lighted under him. + When all these torments did not accomplish their + purpose, the soldiers were ordered to shoot him with + arrows. This, too, having no effect, he was beheaded, + on July 25, 254. + </p> + <p> + Two great saints refer to the wonderful achievements of + St. Christophorus. St. Ambrose mentions that this saint + converted forty-eight thousand souls to Christ. St. + Vincent Ferrer declares, that when the plague + devastated Valencia, its destructive course was stayed + through the intercession of St. Christophorus. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE legend of St. Christophorus + conveys a wholesome truth. We ought all to be + Christ-bearers, by preserving in our hearts faith, + hope, and charity, and by receiving Our Lord worthily + in holy communion. He alone is worthy of our service. + In the service that we owe to men, we ought to serve + God by doing His will. We can not divide our heart, for + Our Lord Himself says, "No man can serve two masters" + (<i>Matt</i>. vi. 24). If you serve the world, it + deceives you, for it can not give you what it promises. + If you serve sin, Satan is your master. He, too, + deceives his servants, and leads them to perdition. + Christ on the cross conquered these two tyrants, and + with His help you can also vanquish them. Therefore, + give yourself to Him with all your heart, and you shall + find peace in this world, and eternal bliss in the + next. St. Augustine learned this truth by sad + experience, and therefore exclaims: "Thou hast created + us for Thee, O Lord, and our heart is restless till it + rests in Thee." + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">G</font>RANT us, almighty God, that + whilst we celebrate the memory of Thy blessed martyr + St. Christophorus, through his intercession the love of + Thy name may be increased in us. Through Christ our + Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_7" id="legend_7">VII</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Dionysius, Bishop and Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>HEN St. Paul the Apostle, in + the year of Our Lord 51, came to Athens to preach the + Gospel, he was summoned to the Areopagus, the great + council which determined all religious matters. Among + the members of this illustrious assembly was Dionysius. + His mind had already been prepared to receive the good + tidings of the Gospel by the miraculous darkness which + overspread the earth at the moment of Our Lord's death + on the cross. He was at that time at Heliopolis, in + Egypt. On beholding the sun obscured in the midst of + its course, and this without apparent cause, he is said + to have exclaimed: "Either the God of nature is + suffering, or the world is about to be dissolved." When + St. Paul preached before the Areopagus in Athens, + Dionysius easily recognized the truth and readily + embraced it. + </p> + <p> + The Apostle received him among his disciples, and + appointed him bishop of the infant Church of Athens. As + such he devoted himself with great zeal to the + propagation of the Gospel. He made a journey to + Jerusalem to visit the places hallowed by the footsteps + and sufferings of our Redeemer, and there met the + Apostles St. Peter and St. James, the evangelist St. + Luke, and other holy apostolic men. He also had the + happiness to see and converse with the Blessed Virgin + Mary, and was so overwhelmed by her presence that he + declared, that if he knew not Jesus to be God, he would + consider her divine. + </p> + <p> + The idolatrous priests of Athens were greatly alarmed + at the many conversions resulting from the eloquent + preaching of Dionysius, and instigated a revolt against + him. The holy bishop left Athens, and, going to Rome, + visited the Pope, St. Clement. He sent him with some + other holy men to Gaul. Some of his companions remained + to evangelize the cities in the south, while Dionysius, + with the priest Rusticus and the deacon Eleutherius + continued their journey northward as far as Lutetia, + the modern Paris, where the Gospel had not yet been + announced. Here for many years he and his companions + labored with signal success, and finally obtained the + crown of martyrdom on Oct. 9, 119. Dionysius was + beheaded at the advanced age of 110 years. + </p> + <p> + The spot where the three martyrs Dionysius, Rusticus, + and Eleutherius suffered martyrdom, is the well-known + hill of Montmartre. An ancient tradition relates that + St. Dionysius, after his head was severed from his + body, took it up with his own hands and carried it two + thousand paces to the place where, later, a church was + built in his honor. The bodies of the martyrs were + thrown into the river Seine, but taken up and honorably + interred by a Christian lady named Catulla not far from + the place where they had been beheaded. The Christians + soon built a chapel on their tomb. + </p> + <p> + St. Dionysius was not only a great missionary and + bishop, but also one of the most illustrious writers of + the early Church. Some of his works, which are full of + Catholic doctrine and Christian wisdom, are still + extant, and well worthy of a convert and disciple of + St. Paul, whose spirit they breathe. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE apostolic men like St. + Dionysius, who converted so many to Christ, were filled + with His spirit, and acted and lived for Him alone. + They gave their lives to spread His religion, convinced + that the welfare of individuals and nations depends + upon it. + </p> + <p> + On religion depends the security and stability of all + government and of society. Human laws are too weak to + restrain those who disregard and despise the law of + God. Unless a man's conscience is enlightened by + religion and bound by its precepts, his passions will + so far enslave him, that the impulse of evil + inclinations will prompt him to every villainy of which + he hopes to derive an advantage, if he can but + accomplish his purpose secretly and with impunity. + </p> + <p> + True religion, on the contrary, insures comfort, peace, + and happiness amid the sharpest trials, safety in death + itself, and after death the most glorious and eternal + reward in God. How grateful, therefore, must we be to + the men who preached the true religion amid so many + difficulties, trials, and persecutions; and also to + those who preach it now, animated by the same spirit. + And how carefully should we avoid all persons, books, + and periodicals that revile and calumniate our holy + Faith, and attempt its subversion! + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst confer on Thy + blessed servant Dionysius the virtue of fortitude in + suffering, and didst join with him Rusticus and + Eleutherius, to announce Thy glory to the heathens, + grant, we beseech Thee, that following them, we may + despise, for the love of Thee, the pleasures of this + world, and that we do not recoil from its adversities. + Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_8" id="legend_8">VIII</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Cyriacus, Deacon and Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">E</font>MPEROR MAXIMIN in token of his + gratitude to Diocletian, who had ceded the western half + of his empire to him, ordered the building of that + magnificent structure in Rome, whose ruins are still + known as the "Baths of Diocletian." The Christians + imprisoned for the Faith were compelled to labor under + cruel overseers at this building. A zealous Christian + Roman, touched with pity at this moving spectacle, + resolved to employ his means in improving the condition + of these poor victims of persecution. + </p> + <p> + Among the deacons of the Roman Church at that time was + one by the name of Cyriacus, who was distinguished by + his zeal in the performance of all good works. Him, + with two companions, Largus and Smaragdus, the pious + Roman selected for the execution of his plan. Cyriacus + devoted himself to the work with great ardor. One day, + whilst visiting the laborers to distribute food amongst + them, he observed a decrepit old man, who was so feeble + that he was unable to perform his severe task. Filled + with pity, Cyriacus offered to take his place. The aged + prisoner consenting, the merciful deacon thenceforth + worked hard at the building. But after some time he was + discovered, and cast into prison. There he again found + opportunity to exercise his zeal. Some blind men who + had great confidence in the power of his prayer, came + to ask him for help in their affliction, and he + restored their sight. He and his companions spent three + years in prison, and during that time he healed many + sick and converted a great number of heathens from the + darkness of paganism. + </p> + <p> + Then Emperor Diocletian's little daughter became + possessed by an evil spirit, and no one was able to + deliver her from it. To the idolatrous priests who were + called, the evil spirit declared that he would leave + the girl only when commanded to do so by Cyriacus, the + deacon. He was hastily summoned, and prayed and made + the sign of the cross over the girl, and the evil + spirit departed. The emperor loved his daughter, + therefore he was grateful to the holy deacon, and + presented him with a house, where he and his companions + might serve their God unmolested by their enemies. + </p> + <p> + About this time the daughter of the Persian King Sapor + was attacked by a similar malady, and when he heard + what Cyriacus had done for Diocletian's daughter, he + wrote to the emperor, asking him to send the Christian + deacon. It was done, and Cyriacus, on foot, set out for + Persia. Arrived at his destination, he prayed over the + girl and the evil spirit left her. On hearing of this + miracle, four hundred and twenty heathens were + converted to the Faith. These the saint instructed and + baptized, and then set out on his homeward journey. + </p> + <p> + Returned to Rome, he continued his life of prayer and + good works. But when Diocletian soon afterward left for + the East, his co-emperor Maximin seized the opportunity + to give vent to his hatred for the Christians, and + renewed their persecution. One of the first victims was + Cyriacus. He was loaded with chains and brought before + the judge, who first tried blandishments and promises + to induce him to renounce Christ and to sacrifice to + the idols, but in vain. Then the confessor of Christ + was stretched on the rack, his limbs torn from their + sockets, and he was beaten with clubs. His companions + shared the same tortures. Finally, when the emperor and + the judge were convinced that nothing would shake the + constancy of the holy martyrs, they were beheaded. They + gained the crown of glory on March 16, 303. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>N THE life of St. Cyriacus two + virtues shine forth in a special manner; his love of + God and his charity toward his fellow-men. His love of + God impelled him to sacrifice all, even his life, for + His sake, thereby fulfilling the commandment: "Thou + shalt love the Lord thy God with thy whole heart, and + with thy whole soul, and with thy whole mind" + (<i>Matt</i>. xxii. 37). A greater love of God no man + can have than giving his life for Him. + </p> + <p> + St. Cyriacus also fulfilled the other commandment, of + which Our Lord declared, "And the second is like to + this: Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself" + (<i>Matt</i>. xxii. 39). He helped his + fellow-Christians to bear their burdens, relieved them + in their sufferings, assisted and encouraged them by + word and deed, and edified them by his example. His + sole aim was to do good to all men, mindful of the + words of the Royal Prophet: "Blessed is he that + understandeth concerning the needy and the poor" + (<i>Ps</i>. xl. 2). He was so imbued with the virtue of + charity, that he was disposed even to sacrifice his + life for the relief and assistance of others. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/tomb_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/tomb.jpg" alt= + "The Holy Women at the Tomb"></a><br> + THE HOLY WOMEN AT THE TOMB + </p> + <p> + How shall we justify our unfeeling hardness of heart, + by which we seek every trifling pretense to exempt us + from the duty of aiding the unfortunate? Remember the + threat of the apostle, "Judgment without mercy to him + that hath not done mercy" (<i>James</i> ii. 13). + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who rejoicest us by the + remembrance of Thy blessed martyrs Cyriacus, Largus, + and Smaragdus; grant, we beseech Thee, that we, by + celebrating their memory, may imitate their fortitude + in suffering. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_9" id="legend_9">IX</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Achatius, Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font>F THE saints named Achatius, + that one is reckoned among the Holy Helpers who, as a + Roman soldier, died for Christ. + </p> + <p> + Achatius was a native of Cappadocia and as a youth + joined the Roman army during the reign of Emperor + Hadrian, attaining the rank of captain. One day, when + leading his company against the enemy, he heard a voice + saying to him, "Call on the God of Christians!" He + obeyed, was instructed, and received Baptism. Filled + with zeal, he henceforth sought to convert also the + pagan soldiers of the army. When the emperor heard of + this, Achatius was thrown into prison, then placed on + the rack, bound to a post and scourged, because he + refused to offer sacrifice to the idols. When all these + tortures availed nothing, he was brought before the + tribune Bibianus. + </p> + <p> + Asked by him what was his name and country, Achatius + replied, "My name is Christian, because I am a follower + of Christ; men call me Achatius. My country is + Cappadocia. There my parents lived; there I was + converted to the Christian faith, and was so inspired + by the combats and sufferings of the Christian martyrs + that I am resolved to shed my blood for Christ to + attain heaven." Then Bibianus ordered him to be beaten + with leaden clubs, after which he was loaded with + chains and returned to the prison. + </p> + <p> + After Achatius had been in prison seven days, Bibianus + was called to Byzantium, and ordered all prisoners to + be transported there. On the journey Achatius suffered + greatly, for his entire body was covered with wounds, + his chains were galling, the guards were cruel and the + roads were bad. He thought himself dying. Praying to + God, a voice from the clouds answered him, "Achatius, + be firm!" The soldiers of the guard were terrified and + asked each other, "What is this? How can the clouds + have a voice?" Many prisoners were converted. Next day + some of the converts saw a number of men in shining + armor speaking to Achatius, washing his wounds and + healing them, so that not even a scar remained. + </p> + <p> + Arrived in Byzantium the saint was again cast into + prison, and after seven days dragged before the judge. + When neither promises nor the most cruel torments shook + the constancy of the brave confessor of the Faith, the + judge sent him to Flaccius, the proconsul of Thracia, + who imprisoned him for five days, and meanwhile read + the records of his former trials. Then he ordered him + to be beheaded. Achatius suffered death for Christ on + May 8, 311. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>CHATIUS manfully and without + fear confessed the Faith amid persecutions and + sufferings. We, too, are often placed in circumstances + where the profession of our Faith and the practice of + the virtues inculcated by it cause us trials. But so + deplorable are the effects of sensuality, avarice, and + ambition, and such is the laxity and spiritual + callousness of many Christians, that there is real + cause for every one to be filled with alarm for the + safety of his soul. It is not the crowd we are to + follow, but the precepts of the Gospel. Therefore we + ought to strive to give a good example by our faithful + compliance with the demands of religion. For Our Lord + Himself exhorts us: "So let your light shine before + men, that they may see your good works, and glorify + your Father, who is in heaven" (<i>Matt.</i> v. 16). + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who dost give us joy + through the remembrance of Thy blessed martyrs, + Achatius and his companions; grant, we beseech Thee, + that we may be inflamed by the example of those for + whose merits we rejoice. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_10" id="legend_10">X</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Eustachius, Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>T THE beginning of the second + century, during the reign of Emperor Trajan, there + lived in Rome a famous general by the name of Placidus, + who was distinguished among his fellow-citizens for his + wealth and military prowess. It happened one day, that + while following the chase he became separated from his + companions, and was pursuing with eagerness a stag of + extraordinary size, when suddenly it turned toward him, + and he beheld raised aloft between its antlers the + image of Jesus Christ suspended on the cross. At the + same time our blessed Saviour addressed him in loving + words, inviting him henceforth to follow Him by + embracing the Christian faith, and to make eternal life + in future the object of his pursuit. + </p> + <p> + Faithful to the grace which he had received, Placidus + on his return home communicated the heavenly vision to + his wife Tatiana, who informed him that she too had + been favored with a heavenly apparition. Together they + went immediately to the Pope, related their experience, + and after due instruction received Baptism. + </p> + <p> + At the sacred font Placidus received the name of + Eustachius, and his wife was called Theopista, while + his sons were baptized by the names of Agapitus and + Theopistus. + </p> + <p> + Upon returning to the spot where he first received the + call, Eustachius was favored with another communication + from Our Lord, announcing to him that he was destined + to endure many and great afflictions for the sake of + Christ. It was not long before his faith and patience + were put to a severe trial. Stripped of all his + possessions and forced to flee from the fury of the + persecution, he was reduced to extreme distress, and in + the course of his wanderings was by a series of + calamitous events separated from his wife and children, + of whom he lost all trace. For many years he dwelt in a + remote spot, following the occupation of a farm + laborer, until he was found by the messengers of the + emperor, who was sadly in need of the skill of his + former general, because a fierce war had broken out, in + which the Romans sustained severe losses. + </p> + <p> + Being again invested with the command of the imperial + troops, Eustachius set out for the seat of war, and + achieved a decisive victory. In the course of his march + he had the happiness, by a singular providence of God, + to recover his wife and children, with whom he returned + to Rome. His entrance into the city was attended with + great rejoicings, and many were the congratulations + which he received on his extraordinary good fortune. + But soon afterward a solemn sacrifice of thanksgiving + to the pagan deities was proclaimed, in which he was + ordered by the emperor to take a part. Upon his + refusal, after every effort had been made to shake his + constancy, he was condemned to be exposed to the lions + in the public amphitheater along with his wife and + children. Finally, as the savage animals, laying aside + their natural ferocity, refused to injure the + confessors of Christ, Eustachius and his family were by + order of the emperor enclosed in the body of an immense + brazen bull, which was heated by means of a great fire + enkindled beneath. The last moments of these heroic + martyrs was spent in chanting the divine praises, in + the midst of which their happy souls passed to the + enjoyment of everlasting bliss. Their bodies, + miraculously preserved uninjured, were buried with + great devotion by the faithful Christians, and were + afterward transferred to a magnificent church erected + in their honor. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OW inspiring, to see a great + man preferring justice, truth, and religion to the + favor of the mighty, readily quitting estate, friends, + country, and even sacrificing life, rather than consent + to do violence to his conscience; and to see him, at + the same time, meek, humble, patient in suffering, + forgiving sincerely and loving his unjust and + treacherous persecutors! Passion and revenge often + beget anger and triumph over virtue and integrity. + Ambition and the desire of wealth may, for a time, urge + men on to brave danger, but finally they reduce them to + the most abject slavery, and result in grievous crimes + and misery. Religion alone is the source of charity, + magnanimity, and true courage. It so enlightens the + mind, as to place a man above the vicissitudes of the + world; it renders him steadfast and calm in adversity, + preserves him from error, teaches him to bear injustice + and calumny in a tranquil spirit, and gives him that + ineffable peace and joy which springs from the + conviction that God's will is always most just and holy + and that He protects, aids, and rewards His servants. + </p> + <p> + Does religion exert this powerful influence on us? Do + we show it in our actions and conduct? Our courage and + constancy must be apparent not only when we encounter + danger and opposition, but also when our evil + propensity urges us to yield to temptations that + present sin to us in the guise of pleasure. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who dost permit us to + celebrate the remembrance of Thy blessed martyrs, + Eustachius and companions, grant us, that we may enjoy + their company in eternal bliss. Through Christ our + Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_11" id="legend_11">XI</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Giles, Hermit and Abbot + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>THENS, in Greece, was the + native city of St. Giles. He was of noble parentage, + and devoted himself from early youth to piety and + learning. After the death of his parents he distributed + his rich inheritance to the poor, and to escape the + applause of men for his charity left his country to + bury himself in obscurity. + </p> + <p> + He sailed for France, and on his arrival there retired + to a deserted country near the mouth of the river + Rhone. Later he made his abode near the river Gard, and + finally buried himself in a forest in the diocese of + Nimes. In this solitude he passed many years, living on + wild herbs and roots, with water for his drink. It is + related that for some time a hind came daily to be + milked by him, thus furnishing him additional + sustenance. Here he lived, disengaged from earthly + cares, conversing only with God, and engaged in the + contemplation of heavenly things. + </p> + <p> + One day the king instituted a great hunt in the forest + where Giles lived, and encountered the hind. Giving + chase, the royal hunter was led to the saint's hut, + where the panting animal had sought refuge. The king + inquired who he was, and was greatly edified at the + holiness of his life. The fame of the saintly hermit + now spread far and wide, and was much increased by the + many miracles wrought through his intercession. The + king tried to persuade him to leave his solitude, but + prevailed upon him only in so far, that Giles accepted + several disciples and founded a monastery in which the + rule of St. Benedict was observed, and of which he was + chosen the abbot. He governed his community wisely and + well, and at the earnest solicitation of his monks was + ordained priest. + </p> + <p> + The fame of St. Giles' sanctity induced the Frankish + King, Charles Martel to call him to his court to + relieve him of a great trouble of conscience. The saint + made the journey, and told the king that he would find + relief and comfort only by the sincere confession of a + sin which he had hitherto concealed. The king followed + his advice, found interior peace and dismissed Giles + with many tokens of gratitude. On his homeward journey + the saint raised the recently deceased son of a + nobleman to life. + </p> + <p> + After a short stay in his monastery St. Giles went to + Rome, to obtain from the Pope the confirmation of some + privileges and the apostolic blessing for his + community. The Pope granted his wishes, and presented + him, besides, with two grand and beautifully carved + doors of cedar wood for his church. + </p> + <p> + St. Giles died at a ripe old age on September 1, 725. + Many miracles were wrought at his tomb. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. GILES left his native + country and retired into solitude to escape the notice + and applause of the world, and served God as a recluse. + To lead such a life, there must be a special call from + God. It is not suited to all, and even inconsistent + with the duties of most men. But all are capable of + disengaging their affections from the inordinate + attachment to creatures, and of attaining to a pure and + holy love of God. By making the service of God the + motive of their thoughts and actions, they will + sanctify their whole life. + </p> + <p> + In whatever conditions of life we may be placed, we + have opportunities of subduing our evil inclinations + and mortifying ourselves by frequent self-denials, of + watching over our hearts and purifying our senses by + recollection and prayer. Thus each one, in his station + of life, may become a saint, by making his calling an + exercise of virtue and his every act a step higher to + perfection and eternal glory. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> LORD, we beseech Thee to let + us find grace through the intercession of thy blessed + confessor Giles; that what we can not obtain through + our merits be given us through his intercession. + Through Christ our Lord Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_12" id="legend_12">XII</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Margaret, Virgin and Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. MARGARET was the daughter of + a pagan priest at Antioch. She lost her mother in + infancy and was placed in the care of a nurse in the + country, who was a Christian, and whose first care was + to have her little charge baptized and to give the + child a Christian education. Margaret grew up a modest, + pious virgin, and when she returned to her father he + was charmed with the grace and virtue of his daughter. + He regretted only one thing; she took no part in the + worship of the idols. When she told him the reason he + was greatly displeased, for she stated that she was a + Christian, and that nothing should separate her from + the love of Christ. + </p> + <p> + Her father tried every means to change her mind, and + when all his endeavors failed became enraged and drove + her forth from his house. Margaret returned to her + nurse and became her servant, doing all kinds of menial + work, and at the same time perfecting herself in + virtue. + </p> + <p> + About this time Emperor Diocletian began to persecute + the Christians. One day Alybrius, the prefect of the + city, saw Margaret, and fell in love with her. He sent + a messenger to ask her in marriage. The pious virgin + was filled with consternation at the proposal and + replied to the messenger: "I can not be espoused to + your master, because I am the spouse of Our Lord Jesus + Christ. I am promised to Him, and to Him I wish to + belong." When the prefect heard this, he became furious + with rage, and gave orders to have the virgin brought + to him by force. When she appeared before him he thus + addressed her: "What is your name and condition?" She + replied: "I am called Margaret, and belong to a noble + family. I adore Christ and serve Him." The prefect now + advised her to abandon the worship of a crucified God. + Margaret asked him, "How do you know that we worship a + crucified God?" The prefect replied: "From the books of + the Christians." Margaret continued: "Why did you not + read further on? The books of the Christians would have + told you that the Crucified rose on the third day, and + that He ascended into heaven. Is it love of truth to + believe in the abasement of Christ and to reject His + glorification, when both are related in the selfsame + book?" + </p> + <p> + At this reproof the prefect became angry and ordered + the tender virgin to be cruelly scourged, placed on the + rack, and torn with iron combs. Then she was cast into + prison. There Margaret fervently thanked God for the + victory she had achieved and implored His help for the + combat yet in store for her. Suddenly there appeared to + her the arch-enemy of mankind in the shape of a furious + dragon, threatening to swallow her. The brave virgin + feared him not, but made the sign of the cross, and the + monster vanished. Then her desolate prison cell became + suffused with heavenly light, and her heart was filled + with divine consolation. At the same time her terrible + wounds were suddenly healed, and not the least scar was + left. + </p> + <p> + Next day Margaret was again brought before the prefect. + Surprised at her complete recovery from the effects of + his cruelty, he remarked that no doubt it was due to + the power of the pagan gods, and exhorted her to show + her gratitude to them by sacrificing to the idols. + Margaret maintained that she had been healed by the + power of Christ alone and declared that she despised + the heathen gods. At this, the rage of Alybrius knew no + bounds. He ordered lighted torches to be applied to + Margaret's body, and then had her cast into icy water + to intensify her torture. But scarcely had this been + done when a violent earthquake occurred. Her bonds were + severed and she rose unscathed from the water, without + a mark of the burns caused by the flaming torches. On + witnessing this miracle, a great number of spectators + were converted to the Faith. + </p> + <p> + Finally the prefect ordered Margaret to be beheaded. + Her glorious martyrdom and death occurred about the + year 275. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE history of the virgin martyr + St. Margaret teaches us that we can and ought to serve + God even in youth. In the Old Law God commanded all the + first-born and the first-fruits to be offered to Him. + "Thou shalt not delay to pay thy tithes and + first-fruits. Thou shalt give the first-born of thy + sons to Me" (<i>Ex.</i> xxii. 29). + </p> + <p> + Certainly our whole life ought to be dedicated to the + service of God; but from the above command we are to + understand that God especially desires our service + during the early years of our life. They are our + first-fruits. St. Augustine calls the years of youth + the blossoms, the most beautiful flowers of life, and + St. Thomas Aquinas writes: "What the young give to God + in their early years, they give of the bloom, of the + full vigor and beauty of life." + </p> + <p> + Youth is the age beset with countless temptations. + Safety is found only in the service of God, by + obedience, humility, and docility. This is not so + difficult as it appears, and Our Lord Himself invites + you to His service, saying: "My son, give Me thy heart" + (<i>Prov.</i> xxiii. 26), and, "Taste and see that the + Lord is sweet" (<i>Ps.</i> xxxiii. 9). + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>E BESEECH Thee, O Lord, grant + us Thy favor through the intercession of Thy blessed + virgin and martyr Margaret, who pleased Thee by the + merit of her purity and by the confession of Thy might. + Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_13" id="legend_13">XIII</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St Catherine, Virgin and Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. CATHERINE was a native of + Alexandria, Egypt, a city then famous for its schools + of philosophy. She was a daughter of Costis, + half-brother of Constantine, and of Sabinella, queen of + Egypt. Her wisdom and acquirements were remarkable, the + philosophy of Plato being her favorite study. While + Catherine was yet young her father died, leaving her + heiress to the kingdom. Her love of study and + retirement displeased her subjects, who desired her to + marry, asserting that her gifts of noble birth, wealth, + beauty, and knowledge should be transmitted to her + children. + </p> + <p> + The princess replied that the husband whom she would + wed must be even more richly endowed than herself. His + blood must be the noblest, his rank must surpass her + own, his beauty without comparison, his benignity great + enough to forgive all offences. The people of + Alexandria were disheartened, for they knew of no such + prince; but Catherine remained persistent in her + determination to wed none other. + </p> + <p> + Now, it happened that a certain hermit who lived near + Alexandria had a vision in which he saw the Blessed + Virgin, who sent him to tell Catherine that her divine + Son was the Spouse whom she desired. He alone possessed + all, and more, than the requirements she demanded. The + holy man gave Catherine a picture of Jesus and Mary; + and when the princess had gazed upon the face of Christ + she loved Him so that she could think of naught else, + and the studies in which she had been wont to take + delight became distasteful to her. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/pentecost_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/pentecost.jpg" alt= + "The Descent of the Holy Ghost on the Blessed Virgin and the Apostles"></a><br> + + THE DESCENT OF THE HOLY GHOST ON THE BLESSED VIRGIN AND + THE APOSTLES + </p> + <p> + One night Catherine dreamed that she accompanied the + hermit to a sanctuary, whence angels came to meet her. + She fell on her face before them, but one of the + angelic band bade her, "Rise dear sister Catherine, for + the King of glory delighteth to honor thee." She rose + and followed the angels to the presence of the queen of + heaven, who was surrounded by angels and saints and was + beautiful beyond description. The queen welcomed her + and led her to her divine Son, Our Lord. But He turned + from her, saying: "She is not fair and beautiful enough + for me." + </p> + <p> + Catherine awoke at these words and wept bitterly until + morning. She then sent for the hermit and inquired what + would make her worthy of the heavenly Bridegroom. The + saintly recluse instructed her in the true Faith and, + with her mother, she was baptized. That night, in a + dream, the Blessed Virgin and her divine Son again + appeared to her. Mary presented her to Jesus, saying: + "Behold, she has been regenerated in the water of + Baptism." Then Christ smiled on her and plighted His + troth to her by putting a ring on her finger. When she + awoke the ring was still there, and thenceforth + Catherine despised all earthly things and longed only + for the hour when she should go to her heavenly + Bridegroom. + </p> + <p> + After the death of Sabinella, Emperor Maximin came to + Alexandria and declared a persecution against the + Christians. Catherine appeared in the temple and held + an argument with the tyrant, utterly confounding him. + The emperor ordained that fifty of the most learned men + of the empire be brought to dispute with her; but, + sustained by the power of God, Catherine not only + vanquished them in argument, but converted them to the + true Faith. In his fury Maximin commanded that the new + Christians be burned; and Catherine comforted them, + since they could not be baptized, by telling them that + their blood should be their baptism and the flames + their crown of glory. + </p> + <p> + The emperor then tried other means to overcome the + virtue of the noble princess; but, failing to do this, + he ordered her to be cast into a dungeon and starved to + death. Twelve days later, when the dungeon was opened, + a bright light and fragrant perfume filled it, and + Catherine, who had been nourished by angels, came forth + radiant and beautiful. On seeing this miracle, the + empress and many noble Alexandrians declared themselves + Christians, and suffered death at the command of the + emperor. + </p> + <p> + Catherine was not spared, for Maximin made a further + attempt to win her. He offered to make her mistress of + the world if she would but listen to him, and when she + still spurned his proposals, he ordered her to the + torture. She was bound to four spiked wheels which + revolved in different directions, that she might be + torn into many pieces. But an angel consumed the wheels + by fire, and the fragments flying around killed the + executioners and many of the spectators. The tyrant + then ordered her to be scourged and beheaded. The + sentence was carried into effect on November 25, 307. + </p> + <p> + A pious legend, recognized by the Church, says that + angels bore Catherine's body to Mount Sinai, and buried + it there. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. CATHERINE, for her erudition + and the spirit of piety by which she sanctified it, was + chosen the model and patroness of Christian + philosophers. + </p> + <p> + Learning, next to virtue, is the noblest quality and + ornament of the human mind. Profane science teaches + many useful truths, but when compared with the + importance of the study of the science of the saints, + they are of value only inasmuch as when made + subservient to the latter. The study of the saints was + to live in the spirit of Christ. This science is taught + by the Church, and acquired by listening to her + instructions, by pious reading and meditation. + </p> + <p> + Be intent on learning this science, and order your life + according to its rules. It is the "one thing + necessary," for it is the foundation of all wisdom and + true happiness. "The fear of the Lord is the beginning + of wisdom" (<i>Ps.</i> cx. 10). + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst give the law to + Moses on the summit of Mount Sinai, and by the holy + angels didst miraculously transfer there the body of + blessed Catherine, virgin and martyr; grant us, we + beseech Thee, to come, through her intercession, to the + mountain which is Christ. Through the same Christ our + Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="legend_14">XIV</a> + </h1> + <h2> + St. Barbara, Virgin and Martyr + </h2> + <p align="center"> + LEGEND + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">N</font>ICOMEDIA, a city in Asia Minor, + was St. Barbara's birthplace. Her father Dioscurus was + a pagan. Fearing that his only child might learn to + know and love the doctrines of Christianity, he shut + her up in a tower, apart from all intercourse with + others. Nevertheless Barbara became a Christian. She + passed her time in study, and from her lonely tower she + used to watch the heavens in their wondrous beauty. She + soon became convinced that the "heavens were telling + the glory of God," a God greater than the idols she had + been taught to worship. Her desire to know that God was + in itself a prayer which He answered in His own wise + way. + </p> + <p> + The fame of Origen, that famous Christian teacher in + Alexandria, reached even the remote tower, and Barbara + sent a trusty servant with the request that he would + make known to her the truth. Origen sent her one of his + disciples, disguised as a physician, who instructed and + baptized her. She practised her new religion discreetly + while waiting for a favorable opportunity of + acquainting her father with her conversion. + </p> + <p> + This opportunity came in a short time. Some workmen + were sent by Dioscurus to make another room in the + tower, and when they had made two windows she directed + them to make a third. When her father saw this + additional window, he asked the reason for it. She + replied, "Know, my father, that the soul receives light + through three windows, the Father, the Son, and the + Holy Ghost, and the three are one." The father became + so angry at this discovery of her having become a + Christian, that he would have killed his daughter with + his sword, had she not fled to the top of the tower. He + followed her, and finally had her in his power. First + he wreaked his vengeance on her in blows, then + clutching her by the hair he dragged her away and + thrust her into a hut to prevent her escape. Next he + tried every means to induce her to renounce her faith; + threats, severe punishments, and starvation had no + effect on the constancy of the Christian maiden. + </p> + <p> + Finding himself powerless to shake his daughter's + constancy, Dioscurus delivered her to the proconsul + Marcian, who had her scourged and tortured, but without + causing her to deny the Faith. During her sufferings, + her father stood by, exulting in the torments of his + child. Next night, after she had been taken back to + prison, Our Lord appeared to her and healed her wounds. + When Barbara appeared again before him, Marcian was + greatly astonished to find no trace of the cruelties + that had been perpetrated on her body. Again she + resisted his importunities to deny the Faith, and when + he saw that all his efforts were in vain, he pronounced + the sentence of death. Barbara was to be beheaded. Her + unnatural father claimed the privilege to execute it + with his own hands, and with one blow severed his + daughter's head from her body, on December 4, 237. + </p> + <p> + At the moment of the saint's death a great tempest + arose and Dioscurus was killed by lightning. Marcian, + too, was overtaken by the same fate. + </p> + <p align="center"> + LESSON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>INCE early times St. Barbara is + invoked as the patroness against lightning and + explosions, and is called upon by those who desire the + sacraments of the dying in their last illness, and many + are the instances of the efficacy of her intercession. + </p> + <p> + We all wish for a happy and blessed death. To attain + it, we must make the preparation for it the great + object of our life; we must learn to die to the world + and to ourselves, and strive after perfection in + virtue. There is no greater comfort in adversity, no + more powerful incentive to withdrawing our affections + from this world, than to remember the blessing of a + happy death. Well prepared, death may strike us in any + form whatsoever, and however suddenly, it will find us + ready. + </p> + <p> + We can be guilty of no greater folly than to delay our + preparation for death, repentance, the reception of the + sacraments, and the amendment of our life, from day to + day, from the time of health to the time of illness, + and in illness to the very last moments, thinking that + even then we can obtain pardon. St. Augustine observes: + "It is very dangerous to postpone the performance of a + duty on which our whole eternity depends to the most + inconvenient time, the last hour." And St. Bernard + remarks: "In Holy Scripture we find one single instance + of one who received pardon at the last moment. He was + the thief crucified with Jesus. He is alone, that you + despair not; he is alone, also, that you sin not by + presumption on God's mercy." If you, therefore, wish + for a happy death, prepare for it in time. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer of the Church</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who among the wonders of + Thy might didst grant the victory of martyrdom also to + the weaker sex, graciously grant us that we, by + recalling the memory of Thy blessed virgin and martyr + Barbara, through her example may be led to Thee. + Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + PART IV + </h1> + <h2> + I<br> + Novenas to the Holy Helpers + </h2><br> + <h2> + II<br> + Prayers and Petitions + </h2><br> + <br> + <h2> + "In every thing by prayer and supplication with + thanksgiving let your petitions be made known to God" + (<i>Philipp.</i> iv. 6). + </h2> + <h2> + "God is wonderful in His saints. The God of Israel is + He who will give power and strength to His people; + blessed be God" (<i>Ps.</i> lxvii. 36). + </h2><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + Novena to Each of the Holy Helpers + </h1> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prep_helper" id="prep_helper">PREPARATORY + PRAYER</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>For Each of the Following Novenas</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LMIGHTY and eternal God! With + lively faith and reverently worshiping Thy divine + Majesty, I prostrate myself before Thee and invoke with + filial trust Thy supreme bounty and mercy. Illumine the + darkness of my intellect with a ray of Thy heavenly + light and inflame my heart with the fire of Thy divine + love, that I may contemplate the great virtues and + merits of the saint in whose honor I make this novena, + and following his example imitate, like him, the life + of Thy divine Son. + </p> + <p> + Moreover, I beseech Thee to grant graciously, through + the merits and intercession of this powerful Helper, + the petition which through him I humbly place before + Thee, devoutly saying, "Thy will be done on earth as it + is in heaven." Vouchsafe graciously to hear it, if it + redounds to Thy greater glory and to the salvation of + my soul. Amen. + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="helper_1" id="helper_1">I</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. George + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. GEORGE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst grant to St. + George strength and constancy in the various torments + which he sustained for our holy faith; we beseech Thee + to preserve, through his intercession, our faith from + wavering and doubt, so that we may serve Thee with a + sincere heart faithfully unto death. Through Christ our + Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. GEORGE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">F</font>AITHFUL servant of God and + invincible martyr, St. George; favored by God with the + gift of faith, and inflamed with an ardent love of + Christ, thou didst fight valiantly against the dragon + of pride, falsehood, and deceit. Neither pain nor + torture, sword nor death could part thee from the love + of Christ. I fervently implore thee for the sake of + this love to help me by thy intercession to overcome + the temptations that surround me, and to bear bravely + the trials that oppress me, so that I may patiently + carry the cross which is placed upon me; and let + neither distress nor difficulties separate me from the + love of Our Lord Jesus Christ. Valiant champion of the + Faith, assist me in the combat against evil, that I may + win the crown promised to them that persevere unto the + end. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i><a name="prayer_helper" id= + "prayer_helper">Prayer</a></i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>Y LORD and my God! I offer up + to Thee my petition in union with the bitter passion + and death of Jesus Christ, Thy Son, together with the + merits of His immaculate and blessed Mother, Mary ever + virgin, and of all the saints, particularly with those + of the holy Helper in whose honor I make this novena. + </p> + <p> + Look down upon me, merciful Lord! Grant me Thy grace + and Thy love, and graciously hear my prayer. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_2" id="helper_2">II</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Blase + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. BLASE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, deliver us through the + intercession of Thy holy bishop and martyr Blase, from + all evil of soul and body, especially from all ills of + the throat; and grant us the grace to make a good + confession in the confident hope of obtaining Thy + pardon, and ever to praise with worthy lips Thy most + holy name. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. BLASE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. BLASE, gracious benefactor + of mankind and faithful servant of God, who for the + love of our Saviour didst suffer so many tortures with + patience and resignation; I invoke thy powerful + intercession. Preserve me from all evils of soul and + body. Because of thy great merits God endowed thee with + the special grace to help those that suffer from ills + of the throat; relieve and preserve me from them, so + that I may always be able to fulfil my duties, and with + the aid of God's grace perform good works. I invoke thy + help as special physician of souls, that I may confess + my sins sincerely in the holy sacrament of Penance and + obtain their forgiveness. I recommend to thy merciful + intercession also those who unfortunately concealed a + sin in confession. Obtain for them the grace to accuse + themselves sincerely and contritely of the sin they + concealed, of the sacrilegious confessions and + communions they made, and of all the sins they + committed since then, so that they may receive pardon, + the grace of God, and the remission of the eternal + punishment. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_3" id="helper_3">III</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St Erasmus + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. ERASMUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, grant us through the + intercession of Thy dauntless bishop and martyr + Erasmus, who so valiantly confessed the Faith, that we + may learn the doctrine of this faith, practise its + precepts, and thereby be made worthy to attain its + promises. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. ERASMUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OLY martyr Erasmus, who didst + willingly and bravely bear the trials and sufferings of + life, and by thy charity didst console many + fellow-sufferers; I implore thee to remember me in my + needs and to intercede for me with God. Staunch + confessor of the Faith, victorious vanquisher of all + tortures, pray to Jesus for me and ask Him to grant me + the grace to live and die in the Faith through which + thou didst obtain the crown of glory. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_4" id="helper_4">IV</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena to St. Pantaleon + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. PANTALEON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst give to St. + Pantaleon the grace of exercising charity toward his + fellow-men by distributing his goods to the poor, and + hast made him a special patron of the sick, grant, that + we, too, show our charity by works of mercy; and + through the intercession of this Thy servant preserve + us from sickness. But if it be Thy will that illness + should afflict us, give us the grace to bear it + patiently, and let it promote our soul's salvation. + Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. PANTALEON + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. PANTALEON, who during life + didst have great pity for the sick and with the help of + God didst often relieve and cure them; I invoke thy + intercession with God, that I may obtain the grace to + serve Him in good health by cheerfully fulfilling the + duties of my state of life. But if it be His holy will + to visit me with illness, pain, and suffering, do thou + aid me with thy powerful prayer to submit humbly to His + chastisements, to accept sickness in the spirit of + penance and to bear it patiently according to His holy + will. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/communion_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/communion.jpg" alt= + "The Blessed Virgin Receives Holy Communion from St. John"></a><br> + + THE BLESSED VIRGIN RECEIVES HOLY COMMUNION FROM ST. + JOHN + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_5" id="helper_5">V</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Vitus + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. VITUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">G</font>RANT us, O God, through the + intercession of St. Vitus, a due estimation of the + value of our soul and of its redemption by the precious + blood of Thy Son Jesus Christ; so that, for its + salvation, we bear all trials with fortitude. Give this + Thy youthful servant and heroic martyr as a guide and + protector to Christian youths, that following his + example they may after a victorious combat receive the + crown of justice in heaven. Through Christ our Lord. + Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. VITUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. VITUS, glorious martyr of + Christ; in thy youth thou wast exposed to violent and + dangerous temptations, but in the fear of God and for + the love of Jesus thou didst victoriously overcome + them. O amiable, holy youth, I implore thee by the love + of Jesus, assist me with thy powerful intercession to + overcome the temptations to evil, to avoid every + occasion of sin, and thus to preserve spotless the robe + of innocence and sanctifying grace, and to bring it + unstained to the judgment-seat of Jesus Christ, that I + may forever enjoy the beatific vision of God which is + promised to the pure of heart. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_6" id="helper_6">VI</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Christophorus + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. CHRISTOPHORUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst make St. + Christophorus a true Christ-bearer, who converted + multitudes to the Christian faith, and who didst give + him the grace to suffer for Thy sake the most cruel + torments; through the intercession of this saint we + implore Thee to protect us from sin, the only real + evil. Preserve us, also, against harmful elementary + forces, such as earthquake, lightning, fire, and flood. + Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. CHRISTOPHORUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">G</font>REAT St. Christophorus, seeking + the strongest and mightiest master thou didst find him + in Jesus Christ, the almighty God of heaven and earth, + and didst faithfully serve Him with all thy power to + the end of thy life, gaining for Him countless souls + and finally shedding thy blood for Him; obtain for me + the grace to bear Christ always in my heart, as thou + didst once bear Him on thy shoulder, so that I thereby + may be strengthened to overcome victoriously all + temptations and resist all enticements of the world, + the devil, and the flesh, and that the powers of + darkness may not prevail against me. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_7" id="helper_7">VII</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Dionysius + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. DIONYSIUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst confer Thy + saving faith on the people of France through Thy holy + bishop and martyr Dionysius, and didst glorify him + before and after his martyrdom by many miracles; grant + us through his intercession that the Faith practised + and preached by him be our light on the way of life, so + that we may be preserved from all anxieties of + conscience, and if by human frailty we have sinned, we + may return to Thee speedily by true penance. Through + Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. DIONYSIUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">G</font>LORIOUS servant of God, St. + Dionysius, with intense love thou didst devote thyself + to Christ after learning to know Him through the + apostle St. Paul, and didst preach His saving name to + the nations, to bring whom to His knowledge and love + thou didst not shrink from martyrdom; implore for me a + continual growth in the knowledge and love of Jesus, so + that my restless heart may experience that peace which + He alone can give. Help me by thy powerful intercession + with God to serve Him with a willing heart, to devote + myself with abiding love to His service, and thereby to + attain the eternal bliss of heaven. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_8" id="helper_8">VIII</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Cyriacus + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. CYRIACUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst grant to St. + Cyriacus the grace of heroic charity and trustful + resignation to Thy holy will; bestow upon us, through + his intercession, the grace to walk before Thee in + self-denying charity and to know and fulfil Thy will in + all things. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. CYRIACUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. CYRIACUS, great servant of + God, loving Christ with all thy heart, thou didst for + His sake also love thy fellow-men, and didst serve them + even at the peril of thy life, for which charity God + rewarded thee with the power to overcome Satan, the + arch-enemy, and to deliver the poor obsessed from his + dreadful tyranny; implore for me of God an effective, + real, and true charity. Show thy power over Satan also + in me; deliver me from his influence when he tries to + tempt me. Help me to repel his assaults and to gain the + victory over him in life and in death. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_9" id="helper_9">IX</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Achatius + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. ACHATIUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst fortify Thy + holy martyr Achatius with constancy and trustful + reliance on Thee in death; grant us through his + intercession at the hour of our death to be free from + all anxiety and victorious in our last combat with the + enemy. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. ACHATIUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">V</font>ALIANT martyr of Christ, St. + Achatius, who preached Christ faithfully before kings + and judges, and didst gain the victory over the enemies + of God; help me through thy powerful intercession to + resist and gain the victory over all the enemies of my + salvation, over the world and its allurements, over the + concupiscence of the flesh, and over the temptations of + Satan. I implore thee particularly to assist me in my + agony, when the powers of hell rise against me to rob + my soul. Then do thou come to my aid and repel the + assaults of the enemy, so that I surrender my soul into + the hands of my Redeemer in faith, hope, and charity, + and confiding in His infinite merits. Through the same + Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_10" id="helper_10">X</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Eustachius + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. EUSTACHIUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst lead Thy holy + martyr Eustachius safely through many trials and + dangers to the glorious crown of martyrdom; enlighten + and strengthen us through his intercession, that we + persevere in Thy love amid the trials of this life, and + by resignation to Thy holy will come forth from the + darkness of this earth into the light of Thy eternal + glory. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. EUSTACHIUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>EROIC servant of God, St. + Eustachius, cast from the height of earthly glory and + power into the deepest misery, thou wast engaged for a + long time in the labor of a menial servant, eating the + bitter bread of destitution; but never didst thou + murmur against the severe probation to which God + subjected thee. I implore thee to aid me with thy + powerful intercession, that in all conditions I may + resign myself to the holy will of God, and particularly + that I may bear poverty and its consequences with + patience, trusting in God's providence, completely + resigned to the decrees of Him who humbles and exalts, + chastises and heals, sends trials and consolations, and + who has promised to those who follow Him in the spirit + of poverty His beatific vision throughout all eternity. + Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_11" id="helper_11">XI</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Giles + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. GILES + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, we beseech Thee to grant + us through the merits and intercession of St. Giles to + flee from the vanity and praise of this world, to avoid + carefully all occasions of sin, to cleanse our hearts + from all wickedness by a sincere confession, to leave + this world in Thy love and rich in good works, and to + find Thee gracious on the day of judgment. Through + Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. GILES + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">Z</font>EALOUS follower of Christ, St. + Giles; from early youth thou didst take to heart the + words of our Saviour: "Learn of Me, because I am meek + and humble of heart." Therefore thou didst flee from + the praise and honors of the world, and wast rewarded + with the grace to preserve thy heart from all sin and + to persevere in a holy life to a ripe old age. I, on my + part, through pride, self-confidence, and negligence, + yielded to my evil inclinations, and thereby sinned + grievously and often, offending my God and Lord, my + Creator and Redeemer, my most loving Father. Therefore + I implore thee to help me through thy mighty + intercession to be enlightened by the Holy Ghost, that + I may know the malice, grievousness, and multitude of + my sins, confess them humbly, fully, and contritely, + and receive pardon, tranquillity of heart, and peace of + conscience from God. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_12" id="helper_12">XII</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Margaret + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. MARGARET + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, grant us through the + intercession of thy holy virgin and martyr Margaret, + undauntedly to confess the Faith, carefully to observe + the chastity of our state of life, and to overcome the + temptations of the world, the devil, and the flesh, and + thereby escape the punishments of eternal damnation. + Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. MARGARET + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. MARGARET, holy virgin and + martyr, thou didst faithfully preserve the robe of holy + innocence and purity, valiantly resisting all the + blandishments and allurements of the world for the love + of thy divine Spouse, Jesus Christ; help me to overcome + all temptations against the choicest of all virtues, + holy purity, and to remain steadfast in the love of + Christ, in order to preserve this great gift of God. + Implore for me the grace of perseverance in prayer, + distrust of myself, and flight from the occasions of + sin, and finally the grace of a good death, so that in + heaven I may "follow the Lamb whithersoever He goeth." + Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_13" id="helper_13">XIII</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Catherine + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. CATHERINE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst distinguish Thy + holy virgin and martyr Catherine by the gift of great + wisdom and virtue, and a victorious combat with the + enemies of the Faith; grant us, we beseech Thee, + through her intercession, constancy in the Faith and + the wisdom of the saints, that we may devote all the + powers of our mind and heart to Thy service. Through + Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. CATHERINE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>T. CATHERINE, glorious virgin + and martyr, resplendent in the luster of wisdom and + purity; thy wisdom refuted the adversaries of divine + truth and covered them with confusion; thy immaculate + purity made thee a spouse of Christ, so that after thy + glorious martyrdom angels carried thy body to Mount + Sinai. Implore for me progress in the science of the + saints and the virtue of holy purity, that vanquishing + the enemies of my soul, I may be victorious in my last + combat and after death be conducted by the angels into + the eternal beatitude of heaven. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="helper_14" id="helper_14">XIV</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Novena in Honor of St. Barbara + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_helper">Preparatory Prayer (p. 219).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. BARBARA + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who didst adorn Thy holy + virgin and martyr Barbara with extraordinary fortitude + in the confession of the Faith, and didst console her + in the most atrocious torments; grant us through her + intercession perseverance in the fulfilment of Thy law + and the grace of being fortified before our end with + the holy sacraments, and of a happy death. Through + Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF ST. BARBARA + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>NTREPID virgin and martyr, St. + Barbara, through thy intercession come to my aid in all + needs of my soul. Obtain for me the grace to be + preserved from a sudden and unprovided death; assist me + in my agony, when my senses are benumbed and I am in + the throes of death. Then, O powerful patroness of the + dying, come to my aid! Repel from me all the assaults + and temptations of the evil one, and obtain for me the + grace to receive before death the holy sacraments, that + I breathe forth my soul confirmed in faith, hope, and + charity, and be worthy to enter eternal glory. Amen. + </p> + <p> + St. Barbara, at my last end<br> + Obtain for me the Sacrament;<br> + Assist one in that direst need<br> + When I my God and Judge must meet:<br> + That robed in sanctifying grace<br> + My soul may stand before His face. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#prayer_helper">Prayer (p. 221).</a> + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + Novena to All the Fourteen Holy Helpers + </h1> + <p align="center"> + <a name="prep_all_helpers" id= + "prep_all_helpers">PREPARATORY PRAYER</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>(By St Alphonsus Liguori.)</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">G</font>REAT princes of heaven, Holy + Helpers, who sacrificed to God all your earthly + possessions, wealth, preferment, and even life, and who + now are crowned in heaven in the secure enjoyment of + eternal bliss and glory; have compassion on me, a poor + sinner in this vale of tears, and obtain for me from + God, for whom you gave up all things and who loves you + as His servants, the strength to bear patiently all the + trials of this life, to overcome all temptations, and + to persevere in God's service to the end, that one day + I too may be received into your company, to praise and + glorify Him, the supreme Lord, whose beatific vision + you enjoy, and whom you praise and glorify for ever. + Amen. + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_1" id="all_helpers_1">FIRST + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Devotion to the Fourteen Holy Helpers + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE practice of honoring and + invoking the saints to obtain, through their + intercession, help in the various needs of body and + soul, is as old as the Church. At what period, however, + the custom of having recourse to the fourteen saints + called Holy Helpers originated, is unknown. + Nevertheless it is certain that each one of them was + invoked for his intercession with God since his + entrance into heaven. Prayer is the Christian's + resource in every difficulty: and difficulties and + trials are never wanting on earth. + </p> + <p> + Because the needs of mankind on earth are various, the + faithful selected certain saints as intercessors in + certain cases of distress, and obtained relief; hence + these saints came to be regarded as special patrons in + such trials, and were called Holy Helpers. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>AKE this novena with full + confidence in the power of the intercession of the + Fourteen Holy Helpers. During their earthly life they + devoted their whole energy to the spreading of God's + kingdom and the relief and succor of their fellow-men. + Much more efficiently can they do so now when they are + in the enjoyment of eternal happiness, and can + supplicate for us at the very throne of God. + </p> + <p> + The saints <i>can</i> help us through their + intercession. God hears their prayers and He wrought + miracles to confirm us in this belief, even whilst His + servants sojourned here on earth. They <i>desire</i> + and are willing to help us. St. Bernard says: "In + heaven hearts do not grow cold; they are rather + rendered more affectionate and tender. By receiving the + crown of justice the saints were not hardened against + the sufferings of their brethren on earth." + </p> + <p> + Therefore, in calling on them, have full confidence in + their power and ability to come to your aid. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>E BESEECH Thee, O Lord, to hear + the prayer which we send up to Thee in honor of Thy + glorified servants, the Fourteen Holy Helpers: and as + we can not rely upon our own justice, grant our + petition through the intercession of those whose merits + have made them especially dear to Thee. Through Christ + our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/death_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/death.jpg" alt= + "Death of the Blessed Virgin"></a><br> + DEATH OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="litany_all_helpers" id= + "litany_all_helpers">LITANY OF THE FOURTEEN HOLY + HELPERS</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ORD, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, have mercy on us.<br> + Lord, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, hear us.<br> + Christ, graciously hear us.<br> + God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us.<br> + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on + us.<br> + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us.<br> + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us.<br> + Holy Mary, queen of martyrs, pray for us.<br> + St. Joseph, helper in all needs, pray for us.<br> + Fourteen Holy Helpers, pray for us.<br> + St. George, valiant martyr of Christ, pray for us.<br> + St. Blase, zealous bishop and benefactor of the poor, + pray for us.<br> + St. Erasmus, mighty protector of the oppressed, pray + for us.<br> + St. Pantaleon, miraculous exemplar of charity, pray for + us.<br> + St. Vitus, special protector of chastity, pray for + us.<br> + St. Christophorus, mighty intercessor in dangers, pray + for us.<br> + St. Dionysius, shining mirror of faith and confidence, + pray for us.<br> + St. Cyriacus, terror of hell, pray for us.<br> + St. Achatius, helpful advocate in death, pray for + us.<br> + St. Eustachius, exemplar of patience in adversity, pray + for us.<br> + St. Giles, despiser of the world, pray for us.<br> + St. Margaret, valiant champion of the Faith, pray for + us.<br> + St. Catherine, victorious defender of the Faith and of + purity, pray for us.<br> + St. Barbara, mighty patroness of the dying, pray for + us.<br> + All ye Holy Helpers, pray for us.<br> + All ye saints of God, pray for us.<br> + In temptations against faith, pray for us.<br> + In adversity and trials, pray for us.<br> + In anxiety and want, pray for us.<br> + In every combat, pray for us.<br> + In every temptation, pray for us.<br> + In sickness, pray for us.<br> + In all needs, pray for us.<br> + In fear and terror, pray for us.<br> + In dangers of salvation, pray for us.<br> + In dangers of honor, pray for us.<br> + In dangers of reputation, pray for us.<br> + In dangers of property, pray for us.<br> + In dangers by fire and water, pray for us.<br> + Be merciful, spare us, O Lord!<br> + Be merciful, graciously hear us, O Lord!<br> + From all sin, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + From Thy wrath, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + From the scourge of earthquake, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + From plague, famine, and war, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + From lightning and storms, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + From a sudden and unprovided death, deliver us, O + Lord.<br> + From eternal damnation, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + Through the mystery of Thy holy incarnation, deliver + us, O Lord.<br> + Through Thy birth and Thy life, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + Through Thy cross and passion, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + Through Thy death and burial, deliver us, O Lord.<br> + Through the merits of Thy blessed Mother Mary, deliver + us, O Lord.<br> + Through the merits of the Fourteen Holy Helpers, + deliver us, O Lord.<br> + On the Day of Judgment, deliver us, O Lord!<br> + We sinners, beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou spare us, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou pardon us, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou convert us to true penance, we beseech Thee, + hear us.<br> + That Thou give and preserve the fruits of the earth, we + beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou protect and propagate Thy holy Church, we + beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou preserve peace and concord among the nations, + we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou give eternal rest to the souls of the + departed, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou come to our aid through the intercession of + the Holy Helpers, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. George Thou + preserve us in the Faith, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Blase Thou confirm + us in hope, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Erasmus Thou + enkindle in us Thy holy love, we beseech Thee, hear + us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Pantaleon Thou + give us charity for our neighbor, we beseech Thee, hear + us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Vitus Thou teach + us the value of our soul, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Christophorus Thou + preserve us from sin, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Dionysius Thou + give us tranquillity of conscience, we beseech Thee, + hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Cyriacus Thou + grant us resignation to Thy holy will, we beseech Thee, + hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Eustachius Thou + give us patience in adversity, we beseech Thee, hear + us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Achatius Thou + grant us a happy death, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Giles Thou grant + us a merciful judgment, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Margaret Thou + preserve us from hell, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Catherine Thou + shorten our purgatory, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of St. Barbara Thou + receive us in heaven, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That through the intercession of all the Holy Helpers + Thou wilt grant our prayers, we beseech Thee, hear + us.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, + spare us, O Lord.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, + graciously hear us, O Lord.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, + have mercy on us, O Lord. + </p> + <p> + V. Pray for us, ye Fourteen Holy Helpers. + </p> + <p> + R. That we may be made worthy of the promise of Christ. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Let us Pray</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LMIGHTY and eternal God, who + hast bestowed extraordinary graces and gifts on Thy + saints George, Blase, Erasmus, Pantaleon, Vitus, + Christophorus, Dionysius, Cyriacus, Eustachius, + Achatius, Giles, Margaret, Catherine, and Barbara, and + hast illustrated them by miracles; we beseech Thee to + graciously hear the petitions of all who invoke their + intercession. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p> + O God, who didst miraculously fortify the Fourteen Holy + Helpers in the confession of the Faith; grant us, we + beseech Thee, to imitate their fortitude in overcoming + all temptations against it, and protect us through + their intercession in all dangers of soul and body, so + that we may serve Thee in purity of heart and chastity + of body. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION OF THE HOLY HELPERS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">F</font>OURTEEN Holy Helpers, who + served God in humility and confidence on earth and are + now in the enjoyment of His beatific vision in heaven; + because you persevered till death you gained the crown + of eternal life. Remember the dangers that surround us + in this vale of tears, and intercede for us in all our + needs and adversities. Amen. + </p> + <p> + Fourteen Holy Helpers, select friends of God, I honor + you as mighty intercessors, and come with filial + confidence to you in my needs, for the relief of which + I have undertaken to make this novena. Help me by your + intercession to placate God's wrath, which I have + provoked by my sins, and aid me in amending my life and + doing penance. Obtain for me the grace to serve God + with a willing heart, to be resigned to His holy will, + to be patient in adversity and to persevere unto the + end, so that, having finished my earthly course, I may + join you in heaven, there to praise for ever God, who + is wonderful in His saints. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_2" id="all_helpers_2">SECOND + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Destiny of Man + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE Holy Helpers faithfully + co-operated with God's designs concerning their eternal + destiny. No obstacle could prevail on them to stray + from the path of duty. Always and everywhere they + fulfilled the will of God. + </p> + <p> + You, too, have an eternal destiny. You are not your own + master, but belong to God, whose servant and property + you are. Therefore you must obey Him, and not your own + inclinations; you must do His will, and not your own. + God had the right of requiring our submission to Him + without giving us a reward, because He is Our Lord; + nevertheless He promised to give us Himself in reward + for our faithful service. Ought this not be sufficient + inducement for us to serve Him zealously and + gratefully? + </p> + <p> + Remember, moreover, that you shall be unhappy both in + this and in the next world if you do not give yourself + entirely to God, for whom you were created. St. + Augustine says: "Thou hast created us for Thee, O Lord, + and our heart remains restless till it rests in Thee." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HANK God for the undeserved + grace of creation and redemption. Make an act of + contrition for having served Him so negligently. + Promise amendment, and invoke the aid of God's grace + through the intercession of the Holy Helpers. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, who according to the + decrees of Thy providence hast created man for eternal + bliss; grant, through the intercession of the Holy + Helpers, that I may attain to my destiny by being + united with Thee in this life and loving and praising + Thee for ever in heaven. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_all_helpers">Litany and Prayers (p + 240).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_3" id="all_helpers_3">THIRD + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Virtue of Faith + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE Holy Helpers were so + thoroughly imbued with the virtue of divine faith, that + they believed its sacred truths with perfect + abandonment of their intellect, will, liberty, and + whole being. They wavered not amid the severest + torments, but remained firm until death in the + confession of Christ. + </p> + <p> + Our time is noted for assaults on the Faith and on the + Church that teaches it. The Church, the depository of + divine revelation, is blasphemed in her doctrine, in + her precepts, in her sacraments, in her ministers, in + her cult, in her entire essence. Were you never ashamed + of your Catholic name? What cowardliness, what + timidity, what downright malice! + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">R</font>EVIVE your faith by the + consideration of the example of the Holy Helpers. Do + not, from human respect, neglect the sanctification of + the Lord's Day, the observance of days of fast and + abstinence, the reception of the holy sacraments, the + profession of your belief in the real presence of Our + Lord in the Blessed Sacrament, etc. Meditate frequently + on the words of Christ: "He that shall deny Me before + men, I will also deny him before My Father who is in + heaven" (<i>Matt.</i> x. 33). + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, I beseech Thee, through + the faith of the Holy Helpers, grant me the grace to + treasure in my heart the doctrines of our holy faith, + to believe them firmly, to confess them bravely, and to + live according to their precepts, that through that + same faith I may become worthy to be admitted to Thy + beatific vision in heaven. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_all_helpers">Litany and Prayers (p + 240).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_4" id="all_helpers_4">FOURTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Virtue of Hope + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">"H</font>OPE confoundeth not" + (<i>Rom.</i> v. 6). According to the commentators these + words of Holy Scripture are to be understood in the + sense that our works must be in conformity with that + which is the object of our hope; that is, we must live + in such a manner that we really merit the reward of + heaven. + </p> + <p> + We sin against hope also by presumption in God's mercy, + by despair, and by over-confidence in our own + righteousness. According to Holy Scripture we can not, + of our own efficacy, perform a good act, but can do all + in Him that strengthens us. + </p> + <p> + All these truths are exemplified in the lives of the + Holy Helpers. Their hope was based on the firm + foundation of faith, and consequently, like it, firm, + constant, and unwavering. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>IKE the Holy Helpers, hope to + obtain from God all things necessary to salvation, for + "the Lord is good to them that hope in Him, to the soul + that seeketh Him" (<i>Lam.</i> iii. 25). Live so that + He can fulfil His promises. Place no obstacle to His + bounty and might by a sinful life. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">E</font>TERNAL God of love and mercy, I + thank Thee for all the benefits Thou hast conferred + upon me, and hope to obtain, through the intercession + of the Holy Helpers, all the graces necessary for my + salvation. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_all_helpers">Litany and Prayers (p + 240).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_5" id="all_helpers_5">FIFTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Love of God + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE love of God which inflamed + the Holy Helpers showed forth in their whole life, and + particularly at their death. We, too, ought to be + inflamed with such love, for without it faith, wisdom, + the gift of tongues, and good works in general, avail + nothing; for the love of God must inspire them all. + "And we know that to them that love God, all things + work together unto good" (<i>Rom.</i> viii. 28). Such, + and such alone, will receive the crown of life. Did not + God love us first? To redeem us from sin and eternal + death He spared not His only begotten, divine Son. All + goods of life and fortune are gifts of His love, + evidences of His infinite love. And we find it + difficult to return this love? How ungrateful not to + love God with your whole heart! + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>MITATE the Holy Helpers in + their ardent love of God. Implore their intercession to + obtain it. Meditate often on God's love for you, and + your heart will be enflamed with love for Him. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD of mercy and love, I thank + Thee from all my heart for the countless graces which + Thy infinite love has bestowed on me. By the ardent + love which the Holy Helpers had for Thee, I implore + Thee to enkindle in my heart the flame of Thy love, so + that I may remain in Thee and Thou in me. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_all_helpers">Litany and Prayers (p + 240).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_6" id="all_helpers_6">SIXTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + The Virtue of Charity + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">C</font>HARITY is one of the + fundamental virtues of the Christian religion. The + moral doctrine preached by Christ is comprised in the + words: "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with thy whole + heart, and with thy whole soul, and with thy whole + mind. This is the greatest and the first commandment. + And the second is like to this. Thou shalt love thy + neighbor as thyself. On these two commandments + dependeth the whole law and the prophets" (<i>Matt.</i> + xxii. 37-40). + </p> + <p> + As in everything else, the Holy Helpers are our + exemplars also in charity. Charity consists in wishing + well to our fellow-men, rejoicing with the glad and + sympathizing with the sad, doing good to all, excusing + their faults whenever possible, disclosing them only + when necessary, being friendly, indulgent, meek, and + helpful toward them. We love our neighbor if we succor + the poor and distressed, if we harbor no envy for the + rich, if we esteem the just for their virtue, and + hate—not the sinner—but sin. We love our + neighbor if we are not content with harboring these + sentiments in our heart, but show them by our actions. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">E</font>NDEAVOR to exercise this + charity according to the spirit of Christ. The love of + your neighbor must not be a sentimental affection; it + must not originate in casual qualities of character or + rank, in inclination, etc., but must have the love of + God for its motive. We must exercise charity toward all + because God wills it, and in the manner in which He + wills it. "Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD of charity, who dost will + that I love my neighbor for Thy sake, grant me the + grace, through the intercession of the Holy Helpers, to + be animated with that spirit of charity which embraces + all and excludes none, which "is patient, kind, envieth + not, dealeth not perversely, is not puffed up, is not + ambitious, seeketh not her own, is not provoked to + anger, thinketh no evil, rejoiceth not in iniquity, but + rejoiceth with the truth, beareth all things, believeth + all things, endureth all things, and never falleth + away" (1 <i>Cor.</i> xiii. 4-8). Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_all_helpers">Litany and Prayers (p + 240).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_7" id="all_helpers_7">SEVENTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Human Respect + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>Y THE conscientious fulfilment + of the duties of their state of life the Holy Helpers + show us that the will of God alone was the motive of + all their actions. Human respect, regard for the + opinion of others, did not influence them. + </p> + <p> + The cowardly fear, "What will people say?" was the ruin + of many a soul. The enemy of mankind is ever intent + upon preventing us from doing good through human + respect. He insinuates that virtue and piety are out of + date and ridiculed. From human respect many a person + boasts of that which ought to make him blush; he thinks + it discreditable to be less remiss in his religious + obligations than others. Ought the opinion and ridicule + of the world influence us to prevent our pleasing God? + St. Paul says: "If I yet pleased men, I should not be + the servant of Christ" (<i>Gal.</i> i. 10). Our Lord + Himself tells us, "He that shall deny Me before men, I + will also deny him before My Father who is in heaven" + (<i>Matt.</i> x. 33). + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font>UR Lord says: "So let your + light shine before men, that they may see your good + works and glorify your Father who is in heaven" + (<i>Matt.</i> v. 16). Do not stray from the path of + duty on account of human respect; do not let yourself + be influenced by the judgments of the world. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ERCIFUL God, who gavest the + Holy Helpers the grace to fulfil Thy will regardless of + human respect; grant that we may obtain through their + intercession and merits the courage to despise the + opinion of men, and ever serve Thee with a fearless + heart. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_all_helpers">Litany and Prayers (p + 240).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_8" id="all_helpers_8">EIGHTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Prayer + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE Holy Helpers, well knowing + the efficacy of prayer, assiduously devoted themselves + to it. From it they drew that wonderful strength which + sustained them in their combat for the Faith. + </p> + <p> + Prayer is the elevation of the mind to God, intercourse + with Him by acts of adoration, praise, thanksgiving, + and petition. St. Chrysostom says of prayer: "Without + prayer it is impossible to lead a good life; for no one + can practise virtue except he humbly implores God for + it, who alone can give him the necessary strength. Who + ceases to love and practise prayer, no longer possesses + the gifts of the Spirit. But he that perseveres in the + service of God, and deems it an irreparable loss to + miss constant prayer, possesses every virtue and is a + friend of God." + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font>FFER yourself at the beginning + of each day to God, and thereby you will belong to Him + throughout its whole course. Renew your consecration to + Him frequently during the day by short acts of virtue + and especially by a good intention, thus rendering all + your work a prayer, and you will attain perfection. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, I implore Thee through + the merits and intercession of the Holy Helpers, to + grant me the spirit of prayer, that following their + example I may walk in Thy presence and ever enjoy the + consolation of intercourse with Thee. Through Christ + our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_all_helpers">Litany and Prayers (p + 240).</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="all_helpers_9" id="all_helpers_9">NINTH + DAY</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Perseverance + </h2> + <p> + <a href="#prep_all_helpers">Preparatory Prayer (p. + 237).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + MEDITATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font> VICTORIOUS death was the + reward of the Holy Helpers' perseverance in the service + of God. During this novena you have, no doubt, formed + many good resolutions, exclaiming with the Royal + Prophet, "And I said, now I have begun" (<i>Ps.</i> + lxxvi. 11). But it happens that many, despite their + good will, become remiss in the pursuit of virtue. + Satan is assiduously trying to accomplish their ruin, + representing to them and exaggerating the difficulties + to be encountered on the path of virtue. They hesitate, + falter, and finally turn back. This is the most + unfortunate happening that can occur. Of the condition + of such a one Our Lord Himself says: "When the unclean + spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh through places + without water, seeking rest; and not finding, he saith: + 'I will return into my house whence I came out.' And + when he is come, he findeth it swept and garnished. + Then he goeth and taketh with him seven spirits more + wicked than himself, and entering in they dwell there. + And the last state of that man becometh worse than the + first" (<i>Luke</i> xi. 24-26). Are these words not a + sufficient warning to encourage us to persevere in our + good resolves? + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/assumption_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/assumption.jpg" alt= + "Assumption of the Blessed Virgin into Heaven"></a><br> + ASSUMPTION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN INTO HEAVEN. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PRACTICE + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>N concluding this novena, + survey again the depth of that incomprehensible + eternity which is awaiting you. Contemplate in spirit + the endless chain of centuries following each other + there in reward or in punishment. Does this thought not + banish all the difficulties of perseverance? + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, whose mercies are + infinite and whose goodness is without limit, I beseech + Thee through the merits and intercession of the Holy + Helpers, grant me the grace of perseverance in Thy love + and service to the end. Thou, who dost dispense so many + favors through the Holy Helpers, despise not my prayer, + but graciously hear and grant it. Amen. + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_all_helpers">Litany and Prayers (p + 240).</a> + </p> + <p align="center"> + CONCLUDING PRAYER + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> FAITHFUL servants of God and + powerful protectors of man, Holy Helpers! Since Our + Lord appointed you the heavenly advocates for our needs + on earth, I confidently turn to you for help in my + distress. Countless numbers praise you for aiding them + with counsel in doubt, with consolation in anxiety, + with health in illness, with safety in danger, with + delivery from prison, and with help and assistance in + all tribulations. Therefore I, too, have recourse to + you, and implore you not to refuse me your aid. + </p> + <p> + Give thanks to God for me for all the graces He granted + me during this novena. I ascribe them to your great + merits and powerful intercession. I thank you all + together, and each one in particular, for your interest + in my favor before the throne of God. I commend myself + to your continued protection, that I may one day be + united with you in heaven, there to thank the Giver of + all good things and to praise Him for all eternity. + Amen. + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + Prayers of Petition and Intercession + </h1><br> + <h1> + <a name="holy_helpers_intercession1" id= + "holy_helpers_intercession1">I. Three Invocations</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">1. G</font>REAT friends of God, Holy + Helpers, humbly saluting and venerating you, I implore + your help and intercession. Bring my prayers before the + throne of the Most Holy Trinity, so that I may + experience in all the difficulties and trials of life + the mercy of the eternal Father, the love of the + incarnate divine Son, and the assistance of the Holy + Ghost; that despondency may not depress me when God's + wise decree imposes on my shoulders a heavy burden. + Above all, I implore your assistance at the hour of + death. Help me then to gain the victory over the + temptations and assaults of Satan, and to leave this + world hopefully trusting in God's mercy, to join you in + heaven, there to praise Him for ever and ever. Amen. + </p> + <p> + 2. With confiding trust I turn to you, Holy Helpers, + who were selected by God before many other saints to be + the special intercessors and advocates of the + distressed. Obtain for me strength and courage to + struggle and suffer on earth for the glory of God, for + the propagation of our holy faith, and for my own + perfection. You are fruitful branches of the true and + living vine, Jesus Christ, for whom you heroically + suffered hunger and thirst, persecution and ignominy, + afflictions and adversity, tortures and death. Here on + earth you were true disciples and dauntless martyrs of + Christ. Assist me to follow your example and to suffer + for His sake, so that I may not be parted from Him as a + useless member, but persevere in His service despite + all trials and tribulations of life. Knowing my + inconstancy and weakness, I have recourse to you, O + glorious members of the Church triumphant, and implore + you to support my feeble prayers, and to bear them + before the throne of the Almighty, who, for your sake, + will hear them. Amen. + </p> + <p> + 3. Great friends and servants of God, Holy Helpers! + Humbly saluting and venerating you, I implore your help + and intercession. God has promised and granted that + whosoever invokes your aid shall be relieved in his + needs and succored at the hour of death. Therefore I + have recourse to you and confidently implore your aid. + I am surrounded by difficulties and my soul is + oppressed with grief. Burdened with sins, the fear of + God's rigorous judgment appalls me, whilst Satan ceases + not to exert all his power to accomplish my eternal + ruin. + </p> + <p> + Therefore I implore your assistance, powerful Holy + Helpers, in my dire distress. By the penitential life + you led, by the cruel tortures you suffered, and by + your holy death I entreat you to pray for me. Obtain + for me the remission of my sins and perseverance to the + end in God's grace. Assist me in my agony and protect + me against the wily assaults of Satan, that through + your help I may die a happy death and enter a blissful + eternity. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="holy_helpers_intercession2" id= + "holy_helpers_intercession2">II. Prayer in Illness</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">C</font>OMPASSIONATE Holy Helpers, who + restored health to so many through the power of the + name of Jesus; behold me suffering from bodily illness + and from wounds of the soul. Implore the kind, merciful + Good Samaritan, your and my Lord Jesus Christ, to heal + the wounds of my soul by washing them in His most + precious blood, and to quicken my spirit by His + sanctifying grace. If it, then, be God's holy will and + for the welfare of my soul, let me experience the + powerful effect of your intercession, that, restored to + health, I may serve God with greater fervor, and + promote your veneration together with so many who + experienced your help in illness and suffering. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="holy_helpers_intercession3" id= + "holy_helpers_intercession3">III. Prayer for the + Sick</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ERCIFUL Holy Helpers, look + benignly upon me, who implore your intercession for a + sick person. Our Lord and Redeemer Jesus Christ, who + Himself went about healing and doing good, appointed + you the special protectors and intercessors of the + sick, and restored to bodily and spiritual health many + for whom you prayed. Encouraged thereby to invoke you, + I implore you to offer up to His sacred Heart all the + pains and torments He suffered during His bitter + passion. Offer up to Him also your own sufferings for + God's glory, which you underwent during life, and in + death; offer up to Him all the anguish and distress + suffered by the sick person for whom I invoke your + intercession. Ask Him to restore him to health of body, + and to infuse into his soul the grace of salvation, so + that he may devote his life with renewed vigor to the + service of God and to the fulfilment of his duties, and + thereby gather rich merits for eternity. + </p> + <p> + But if God, in the designs of His providence, should + otherwise dispose, implore for the sick person patience + in his illness, resignation to the divine will, and the + grace of a happy death. Assist him in his agony, and + conduct his soul to the throne of the Almighty. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="holy_helpers_intercession4" id= + "holy_helpers_intercession4">IV. Prayer of Parents for + Their Children</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OLY Helpers, assist me to give + thanks to God for blessing me with children. Having + received them from Him, it is my duty to train them for + His service. Therefore I commend them to your special + protection. Guard them from sin, help them to know and + fulfil their duties, preserve them from all harm of + body and soul; pray for them that they may be and + remain children of God, For me, obtain the grace always + to take good care of them, to edify them by good + example, to punish their faults wisely, to preserve + their innocence, and to instruct them unto piety, so + that they and I may together enjoy the eternal + happiness of heaven. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="holy_helpers_intercession5" id= + "holy_helpers_intercession5">V. Prayer of Children for + Their Parents</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OLY Helpers, mighty + intercessors with God in all necessities; God strictly + commanded that children should love, honor, and obey + their parents. Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ + Himself gave them the example of submission and + obedience by being subject to His mother and + foster-father. I commend myself to your powerful + intercession and implore you to obtain for me the grace + to follow His example. For my parents I implore + protection from all evil of body and soul, a long and + prosperous life, and a happy death. Reward them for all + the care, anxiety, labor, and trouble which they + underwent patiently for my sake with the eternal crown + of heavenly glory. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="holy_helpers_intercession6" id= + "holy_helpers_intercession6">VI. Prayer of Married + People</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OLY Helpers, powerful + intercessors at the throne of God, by whose providence + we were indissolubly joined in holy wedlock through the + sacramental bonds of matrimony; obtain for us, through + your intercession, the grace to dwell together in + mutual love and peace, and to fulfil faithfully the + duties of our state of life; that following the example + of the saints and elect who lived in wedlock, we may + merit God's grace and blessing by a virtuous life here + on earth, and united in heaven praise and bless Him for + ever. Amen. + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + PART V + </h1> + <h2> + General Devotions + </h2><br> + <br> + <h2> + "The Lord is nigh unto all them that call upon Him, to + all that call upon Him in truth. He will do the will of + them that fear Him, and He will bear their prayer and + save them" (<i>Ps.</i> cxliv. 18, 19). + </h2><br> + <h2> + "Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation, instant in + prayer" (<i>Rom.</i> xii. 12). + </h2><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="morning_prayers" id="morning_prayers">Morning + Prayers</a> + </h1> + <p> + On awaking, sign yourself with the sign of the cross, + saying: + </p> + <p> + <img src="images/cross.jpg" alt="cross"> <font size= + "+3">I</font>N THE name of the Father, and of the Son, + and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. + </p> + <p> + I rise in the name of Our Lord Jesus Christ, who + redeemed me by His precious blood. Bless, guide, and + protect me from all evil, O Lord! Strengthen me to all + good and lead me to eternal life. Amen. + </p> + <p> + After dressing, kneel and say: + </p> + <p> + My Lord and my God! I prostrate myself before the + throne of Thy divine Majesty, and give Thee infinite + thanks, O Lord, that I have passed this night safely + and have not died in my sins, but was preserved by Thy + bounty for Thy further service. + </p> + <p> + I offer up to Thee all that I shall do and suffer + to-day, and unite it with the prayers, labors, and + sufferings of Our Lord Jesus Christ and of His blessed + Mother Mary. + </p> + <p align="center"> + OFFERING + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>AKE, O Lord, and receive all my + liberty, my memory, my understanding, and my whole + will. Thou hast given me all that I am and all that I + possess; I surrender it all to Thee that Thou mayest + dispose of it according to Thy will. Give me only Thy + love and Thy grace; with these I will be rich enough, + and will have no more to desire. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 300 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, May 26, + 1883.) + </p> + <h2> + Acts of Faith, Hope, and Charity + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>Y LORD and God! I most firmly + believe all that Thou hast revealed and all that Thy + holy Church believes and teaches, because Thou, who art + infallible Truth, hast so revealed and commanded. + </p> + <p> + My Lord and God! Because Thou art almighty, infinitely + good and merciful, I hope that by the merits of the + passion and death of Jesus Christ, our Saviour, Thou + wilt grant me eternal life, which Thou hast promised to + all who shall do the works of a good Christian, as I + purpose to do by Thy help. + </p> + <p> + My Lord and God! Because Thou art the highest and most + perfect good, I love Thee with my whole heart, and + above all things; and rather than offend Thee, I am + ready to lose all things else; and for Thy love, I love + and desire to love my neighbor as myself. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. (1) A plenary indulgence, once a month, for + devoutly making these acts daily; under the usual + conditions. (2) A plenary indulgence at the hour of + death, under the same conditions. (3) Seven years and + seven quarantines, every time. (Benedict XIV, January + 28, 1728.) The same Pope declared that it is not + necessary to use any set formula, but that any form of + words may be used, provided it expresses the particular + motive of each of the three theological virtues. + </p> + <h2> + To the Blessed Virgin Mary + </h2> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>Y QUEEN, my Mother! I give + myself entirely to thee; and to show my devotion to + thee I consecrate to thee this day my eyes, my ears, my + mouth, my heart, my whole being, without reserve. + Wherefore, good Mother, as I am thine own, keep me, + guard me, as thy property and possession. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. (1) 100 days, once a day. (2) A plenary + indulgence, once a month, for saying it every day; + under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, Aug. 5, 1851.) + </p> + <h2> + To the Angel Guardian + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>NGEL of God, my guardian + dear,<br> + To whom His love committed me here,<br> + Ever this day be at my side,<br> + To light and guard, to rule and guide! Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. (1) 100 days, every time. (2) A plenary + indulgence on the feast of the holy Guardian Angels, + for saying it morning and evening throughout the year; + under the usual conditions. (3) A plenary indulgence at + the hour of death, for saying it often during life. + (Pius VI, Oct 2, 1795, and June 11, 1796.) (4) A + plenary indulgence, once a month, for saying it daily; + under the usual conditions. (Pius VII, May 15, 1821.) + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="evening_prayers" id="evening_prayers">Evening + Prayers</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">E</font>TERNAL and merciful God! I + adore Thee and give Thee thanks for all the graces and + benefits which Thou hast conferred upon me during my + whole life, and particularly during this day. May the + saints and elect, especially the Holy Helpers, praise + and thank Thee for me. + </p> + <p> + Enlighten me now through Thy holy Spirit, and let me + know whether and how I have offended Thee to-day in + thought, word, deed, and omission of duty. + </p> + <p> + Examine your conscience. + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Contrition + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MY God! I am deeply sorry for + all my sins, for those I committed to-day, and for + those of my whole life, because thereby I offended Thy + supreme and most loving goodness. Pardon me for the + sake of Jesus, Thy Son, who shed His most precious + blood on the cross for our sins. With the help of Thy + grace, I firmly resolve to amend my life, and rather to + die than again offend Thee by a mortal sin. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PETITION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">P</font>ROTECT me and mine and all men + during this night, and through the intercession of the + blessed Virgin Mary and of the Holy Helpers preserve us + from all dangers of body and soul. Keep away from us + sickness, fire, and calamities of every kind. Protect + us against the assaults of the wicked and of Satan. + Into Thy hands I commend my body and soul; let me rest + in Thy most holy wounds. + </p> + <p> + Visit, we beseech Thee, O Lord, this habitation, and + repel from it all the snares of the enemy; let Thy holy + angels dwell herein to preserve us in peace, and may + Thy blessings be upon us for ever. Through Christ our + Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h2> + To the Sacred Heart of Jesus + </h2> + <p align="center"> + (<i>Prayer of St Alphonsus.</i>) + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>DORABLE Heart of my Jesus, + Heart created expressly for the love of men! Until now + I have shown toward Thee only ingratitude. Pardon me, O + my Jesus! Heart of my Jesus, abyss of love and of + mercy, how is it possible that I do not die of sorrow + when I reflect on Thy goodness to me and my ingratitude + to Thee? Thou, my Creator, after having created me, + hast given Thy blood and Thy life for me; and, not + content with this, Thou hast invented a means of + offering Thyself up every day for me in the Holy + Eucharist, exposing Thyself to a thousand insults and + outrages. O Jesus, do Thou wound my heart with a great + contrition for my sins, and a lively love for Thee. + Through Thy tears and Thy blood give me the grace of + perseverance in Thy fervent love until I breathe my + last sigh. Amen. + </p> + <h2> + To the Blessed Virgin Mary + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">R</font>EMEMBER, O most gracious Virgin + Mary, that never was it known that any one who fled to + thy protection, implored thy help, and sought thy + intercession, was left unaided. Inspired with this + confidence, I fly unto thee, O Virgin of virgins, my + Mother! To thee I come; before thee I stand, sinful and + sorrowful. O Mother of the Word incarnate, despise not + my petitions, but in thy mercy hear and answer me. + Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. (1) 300 days, every time, (2) A plenary + indulgence, once a month, for having said it daily; + under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, December 11, + 1846.) + </p> + <p> + <a href="#litany_of_loreto">Litany of Loreto (p. + 322).</a> + </p> + <h2> + To St. Joseph + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">G</font>UARDIAN of virgins and father, + holy Joseph, to whose faithful care Christ Jesus, very + innocence, and Mary, Virgin of virgins, were committed; + I pray and beg of thee by these dear pledges, Jesus and + Mary, free me from all uncleanness, and make me with + spotless mind, pure heart, and chaste body, ever most + chastely to serve Jesus and Mary all the days of my + life. Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 100 days, once a day. (Pius IX, Feb. 4, + 1877.) + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/crowning_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/crowning.jpg" alt= + "The Crowning of the Blessed Virgin in Heaven"></a><br> + THE CROWNING OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN IN HEAVEN. + </p> + <h2> + Before Retiring + </h2> + <p align="center"> + (<i>Prayer of St. Alphonsus.</i>) + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>Y LORD and God Jesus Christ! I + adore Thee and give Thee thanks for all the graces + which Thou hast granted me to-day. I offer up to Thee + my rest and every moment of this night, and implore + Thee to preserve me from all sin. Therefore I place + myself into the wound of Thy sacred side, and beneath + the protecting mantle of my Mother Mary. May Thy holy + angels assist me and watch over my peace, and may Thy + holy blessing remain with me. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 60 days, once a day, also for the souls in + purgatory. (Leo XIII, June 30, 1898.) + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">J</font>ESUS, Mary, and Joseph, I give + you my heart and my soul. + </p> + <p> + Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, assist me in my last agony. + </p> + <p> + Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, may I breathe forth my soul in + peace with you. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 100 days for the recital of any one of + these invocations, 300 days for all three. (Pius VII, + Aug. 26, 1814.) + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="prayers_at_mass" id="prayers_at_mass">Prayers + at Holy Mass</a> + </h1> + <h2> + Preparatory Prayer + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LMIGHTY and eternal God! I + appear in Thy presence to assist at the most holy + sacrifice of the body and blood of Jesus Christ, Thy + Son, my Redeemer, and to offer it up jointly with the + priest and the faithful here present, in grateful + remembrance of His passion and death, for the promotion + of Thy glory, and for my salvation. Together with all + the holy Masses that are celebrated throughout the + world, I offer up this august sacrifice for the + following intentions: To adore Thee, O my God, as Thou + dost deserve to be adored; to give Thee due thanks for + the innumerable benefits which I owe to Thy bounty; to + make reparation for the many offenses I have committed; + to appease Thy just anger, and to invoke Thy infinite + mercy for me, for Thy holy Church, for the whole world, + and for the souls in purgatory. Amen. + </p> + <h2> + At the Beginning of Mass + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> HEAVENLY Father! Hear the + prayer of Thy holy Church invoking Thy divine Majesty + in the name of Our Lord Jesus Christ, to come to the + aid of Thy children in all their needs. Turn not from + us Thy gracious eyes, but deliver us from all evil, so + that we may live to please Thee, die in Thy love, and + enter the kingdom of glory. Amen. + </p> + <h2> + At the Gospel + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LMIGHTY God, Thou source of all + truth, holiness, and justice; having spoken in the Old + Law by the mouth of Thy prophets, Thou spokest in the + fulness of time through Thy divine Son Jesus Christ, + and speakest now through Thy holy Church, appointed by + Thee the Teacher of truth. We thank Thee for the saving + doctrines entrusted to her for our good, and implore + Thy grace to practise them and to please Thee by all + our actions. + </p> + <h2> + At the Credo + </h2> + <p> + Say the Apostles' Creed. + </p> + <h2> + At the Offering + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LMIGHTY and eternal God! Look + graciously on the forms of bread and wine offered up to + Thee on the altar by the priest, imploring Thee to + bless and sanctify them for the eucharistic sacrifice + of the New Law. With this sacrifice, O my God, I offer + up to Thee my heart with all its affections, desires, + and inclinations. Sanctify my thoughts, words, and + deeds, that they may become a sacrifice acceptable and + pleasing to Thee. + </p> + <h2> + At the Preface + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>O THEE, O Lord, I raise my + heart in gratitude for all Thy mercies. For truly meet + and just, right and salutary is it for us to give Thee + always and everywhere praise and thanks, O holy Lord, + almighty Father and eternal God, through Christ our + Lord; through whom the angels and archangels, the + cherubs and the seraphs praise Thy majesty and adore + Thy might. With them I unite my voice, joining in their + hymns of praise, and saying: + </p> + <h2> + At the Sanctus + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OLY, holy, holy, Lord, God of + hosts. Heaven and earth are filled with Thy glory. + Hosanna in the highest. + </p> + <p> + Blessed is He that cometh in the name of the Lord. + Hosanna in the highest. + </p> + <h2> + At the Canon + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD! Let my prayer be + acceptable to Thee, and graciously hear the + intercession which I make confiding in the virtue of + this holy sacrifice. I commend to Thy mercy our holy + Father, N., our bishop, N., and all bishops and priests + of Thy holy Church. Let Thy kingdom be spread more and + more all over the earth; grant peace and concord to the + nations; protect our country; preserve peace and love + in all families. Remember graciously my parents, + brothers, sisters, and relatives, my benefactors, my + enemies, and all for whom I am in justice or charity + bound to pray. + </p> + <h2> + At the Elevation + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>AIL, thou body of my Saviour, + conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of Mary the + immaculate Virgin! With profound humility I adore Thee. + Lord, have mercy on me! + </p> + <p> + Eternal Father, I offer Thee the precious blood of + Jesus, in satisfaction for my sins, and for the wants + of holy Church. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 100 days, every time. (Pius VII, Sept. 22, + 1817.) + </p> + <h2> + After the Elevation + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>OST amiable Jesus! Thou art now + present on the altar, God and man, really, truly, and + essentially. Divine victim for our sins, have mercy on + us! Be our mediator with Thy Father; avert from us the + punishment we have deserved for our sins, deliver us + from all dangers that threaten us, and from all evil. + Promote the welfare of Thy Church, and remember in Thy + mercy those who have gone before us with the sign of + faith and rest in peace. (<i>Remember the departed for + whom you intend to pray.</i>) + </p> + <p> + To these, O Lord, and to all that sleep in Christ, + grant, we beseech Thee, a place of refreshment, light, + and peace. + </p> + <p> + Also to us sinners, Thy servants, confiding in the + multitude of Thy mercies, grant some part and + fellowship with Thy saints, through whose intercession + we invoke Thy favor, and into whose company we beseech + Thee to admit us, not in consideration of our merit, + but of Thy own pardon. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <h2> + At the Pater Noster + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>NSTRUCTED by Thy saving + precepts and following Thy divine directions, we + presume to say: + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. + </p> + <h2> + At the Agnus Dei + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>AMB of God, who takest away the + sins of the world, have mercy on us. + </p> + <p> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, + have mercy on us. + </p> + <p> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, + give us peace. + </p> + <h2> + At Communion + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ORD, I am not worthy that Thou + shouldst enter under my roof; say but the word, and my + soul shall be healed. (<i>Three times.</i>) + </p> + <h2> + Spiritual Communion + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS, I firmly believe that + Thou art truly present in the Blessed Sacrament. I see + Thee therein full of love, willing to pardon us, + anxious to be united with us. I wish most earnestly to + respond to this Thy desire and love. I detest all the + sins by which I have ever displeased Thee. Pardon me, O + Lord! I desire to receive Thee into my heart, and since + I now can not receive Thee sacramentally, come at least + spiritually to me. + </p> + <p> + I embrace Thee, I unite myself with Thee as if Thou + wert really present in my heart. With all my love I + cling to Thee. Preserve me from sin, that I may never + be separated from Thee, but remain united with Thee for + ever. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 60 days, once a day. Also for the suffering + souls. (Leo XIII, June 30, 1893.) + </p> + <h2> + At the Blessing + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>LESS me, O Lord, by the hand of + Thy priest, and let the power of this blessing remain + upon me for ever. In the name of the Father, and of the + Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. + </p> + <h2> + At the Last Gospel + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS, incarnate Word of the + eternal Father, Thou true light which enlightens the + world! I give thanks to Thee at all times for having + dwelt among us, the only-begotten Son of the Father, + full of grace and truth. Amen. + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="prayers_after_mass" id= + "prayers_after_mass">Prayers after Mass</a> + </h1> + <p> + Hail Mary, etc. (<i>Three times.</i>) + </p> + <h2> + Salve Regina + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>AIL, holy queen, Mother of + mercy, our life, our sweetness, and our hope! To thee + do we cry, poor banished children of Eve; to thee do we + send up our sighs, mourning and weeping in this vale of + tears. Turn then, most gracious advocate, thine eyes of + mercy toward us, and after this our exile show unto us + the blessed fruit of thy womb, Jesus. O clement, O + loving, O sweet Virgin Mary! + </p> + <p> + V. Pray for us, O holy Mother of God. + </p> + <p> + R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of + Christ. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Let Us Pray.</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, our refuge and our + strength! Look down with favor upon Thy people crying + to Thee; and through the intercession of the glorious + and immaculate Virgin Mary, Mother of God, of her + spouse, blessed Joseph, of thy holy apostles Peter and + Paul, and all Thy saints, mercifully and graciously + hear the prayers which we pour forth to Thee for the + conversion of sinners and for the liberty and + exaltation of holy mother Church. Through Christ our + Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p> + St. Michael the archangel, defend us in battle; be our + protection against the malice and snares of the devil. + Command him, O God, we humbly beseech Thee, and do + thou, O prince of the heavenly hosts, by the divine + power, cast into hell Satan and the other evil spirits + who roam through the world seeking the ruin of souls. + Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 300 days. (Leo XIII, September 25, 1888.) + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="confession_prayers" id= + "confession_prayers">Prayers for Confession</a> + </h1> + <h2> + <a name="bcon" id="bcon">Before Confession</a> + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ERCIFUL God! I give infinite + thanks to Thee for the many and great graces Thou hast + bestowed upon me during my whole life. Would that I had + never been ungrateful to Thee, that I never had + offended Thee. But I have sinned exceedingly and often, + and have done so again since my last confession. + Therefore I come to Thee, imploring Thee in profoundest + humility to give me Thy light and Thy grace, that I may + know and acknowledge all my sins, faults, and + transgressions, be truly sorry for them, sincerely + confess them, do penance, and amend my life; for Thy + greater glory and for the salvation of my soul. + </p> + <p> + Examine your conscience. + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>UPREME God and Lord! A poor + sinner, I cast myself at the throne of Thy divine + Majesty, and contritely confess that I have sinned in + thought, word, and deed, and through the omission of my + duties. I am heartily sorry that I was ungrateful to + Thee and have deserved to be punished in this life and + in the life to come. Above all I am sorry because by my + sins I have offended Thee, my supreme and infinite God, + who art worthy to be loved and honored above all else + for Thy supreme goodness and mercy. I detest and abhor + my sins above all other evils, and wish I had never + committed them. Humbly I implore Thy pardon, and + confidently hope to obtain it through the merits of the + blood of Jesus Christ shed for us poor sinners, and + through those of the Blessed Virgin Mary, of the Holy + Helpers, and of all the saints. + </p> + <p> + I firmly purpose to amend my life, to avoid all + occasions of sin, to use the means for conquering my + passions, and to practise virtue by ordering my life + according to Thy divine will and pleasure, and rather + to die than to offend Thee again, my God and Lord. I am + now ready to make reparation to Thy divine Justice for + all the offenses of which I have been guilty against + Thee, as far as is in my power. Therefore I will + confess my sins sincerely, contritely, fully, and + perform the penance imposed upon me. + </p> + <p> + Before entering the confessional. + </p> + <p> + The Lord be in my heart and on my lips that I may + worthily and competently confess my sins. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="acon" id="acon">After Confession</a> + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD of infinite mercy! I give + Thee due thanks, and praise Thee for having admitted me + to the confession of my sins and for having, through + Thy minister, granted me absolution for them. I implore + Thee by the merits of Jesus Christ, Thy Son, of Mary, + His most blessed Mother, of the Holy Helpers, and of + all the saints, to accept my confession, and in Thy + infinite mercy to condone and amend all the defects and + faults I committed in making it, and to ratify in + heaven the absolution I received on earth. + </p> + <p> + O my Jesus! How blind I was in not knowing Thee and + preferring transitory beauty and earthly attractions to + Thy grace and love, and thereby offending Thee! Now I + acknowledge my fault, and am convinced that it is my + duty and privilege to love Thee above all things. Too + late I have learned it, but I shall zealously strive to + make reparation for my past neglect. Therefore I + renounce the pleasures, vanities, and joys of this + deceitful world, and abhor sin and all that leads to + it. In the future nothing shall ever part me from Thy + love. From this moment on I am resolved nevermore to + offend Thee. Confirm, O Jesus, this my resolution, and + with Thy almighty power strengthen my frailty. Seal my + purpose of amendment with the bestowal of Thy grace, + and preserve me in Thy grace and love unto the end. + Amen. + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="communion_prayers" id= + "communion_prayers">Prayers for Holy Communion</a> + </h1> + <p align="center"> + <a name="bcom" id="bcom">BEFORE COMMUNION</a> + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Faith + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>Y LORD and Saviour Jesus + Christ! I firmly believe that Thou art really present + in the Blessed Sacrament. I believe it contains Thy + body and blood, Thy soul and divinity. I acknowledge + these truths, I believe these wonders. I adore Thy + power which has wrought them; I praise Thy infinite + goodness which has prepared them for me. "I will praise + Thee, my God, with my whole heart, and will recount all + Thy admirable works; I will rejoice in Thee, and bless + Thy holy name" (<i>Ps.</i> ix. 2, 3). In this faith, + and with this acknowledgment, I presume to approach + this adorable banquet, wherein Thou bestowest on me the + divine food of Thy body and blood to nourish my soul. + Grant, O Jesus, that I may approach Thee with such a + sense of reverence and humility as is due to Thy divine + Majesty. Who am I, O God, that Thou shouldst work such + wonders for my sake? Grant, O Lord, that I be not + altogether unworthy of them, and that I may now receive + Thee with a pure heart, a clean conscience, and a + sincere and lively faith. Pardon my sins, which have + rendered me most unworthy to approach Thee. I detest + them from the bottom of my heart, because they are + displeasing to Thee, my God. I renounce them for ever, + and promise to be faithful to Thee. + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Hope + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>N THEE, sweet Jesus, I place + all my hope, because Thou alone art my salvation, my + strength, my refuge, and the foundation of all my + happiness. Were it not for the confidence I place in + Thy merits, and in the precious blood Thou didst shed + for my redemption, I would not presume to partake of + this banquet. Encouraged, therefore, by Thy goodness, I + come to Thee as one sick to his physician, as a + condemned criminal to his powerful intercessor. Heal me + as my physician, and as my powerful advocate deliver me + from the sentence of sin and death. It is in Thy mercy + that I put all my trust. Have pity, therefore, O Jesus, + on me, and save me, for Thou forsakest none that place + their hope in Thee. + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Love + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> DIVINE Redeemer, how strong + was the force of Thy love, that, being about to depart + from this world to Thy eternal Father, Thou didst + provide for us this divine banquet, enriched with all + heavenly sweetness! It was through an excess of Thy + love that Thou hast left us Thy body and blood for the + food and nourishment of our souls; that, as Thou didst + unite Thyself to our humanity, so we might be partakers + of Thy divinity. I desire to love Thee, my Jesus, who + art my only comfort in this place of banishment, the + only hope of my infirm soul, my happiness above all I + can enjoy in this life. I love Thee, my God, with my + whole heart, with my whole soul, and with all my mind + and strength. I wish that, as every moment is an + increase of my life, so it may also be of my love + toward Thee. I desire, with all the affections and + powers of my soul, that, as the inmost thanks are due + to Thee, so they may be returned to Thee by all the + faithful, for this divine food, which is our + refreshment, support, strength, armor, and defense in + all our miseries; and that my love may never cease, + inflame my heart with the fire of heaven, that it may + continue burning till, nature and corruption being + consumed, I may at length be transformed into Thee. + Come, O Lord, hasten to release me from the bonds of + sin, and prepare me for the blessing Thou art now about + to bestow on me. + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Desire + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>Y LORD and Saviour, Jesus + Christ! "As the heart panteth after the fountains of + waters so my soul panteth after Thee, O God!" + (<i>Ps.</i> xlii. 1). Tired with my own evil ways, I + now return to Thee, to taste Thy banquet, that my soul + may be refreshed. I henceforth despise all human + consolations, that I may be comforted by Thee, my only + good, my God and Saviour, whom I love above all things + and desire to entertain within my heart with as much + devotion and affection as is conceived by Thy chosen + servants, who now sit at Thy table in celestial bliss. + And however I may have been wanting hitherto in my + duty, I now for ever renounce my folly and weakness, + and from my heart request that for the future my joy, + my relief, my treasure, and rest may be entirely + centered in Thee. May I never desire anything besides + Thee, and may all things seem contemptible and as + nothing without Thee, O my God! + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Fear + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MY God and Saviour, it is with + fear and trembling that I approach Thy banquet, having + nothing to confide in but Thy goodness and mercy, being + of myself a sinner, destitute of all virtue. My soul + and body are defiled with many crimes, my thoughts and + tongue have been under no restraint. I have frequently + resolved to amend, and yet where do I remain but in the + midst of sin and vice? How little pains do I take to + recover from this misery and return to Thee, to whom I + have repeatedly promised to be faithful! These thoughts + cause me to fear that what Thou hast mercifully + ordained for my salvation, I should now receive to my + judgment and condemnation. In this wretched condition I + hasten to Thee; to Thee I expose all my wounds, to Thee + I disclose my depravity. Look, therefore, on me with + the eyes of compassion, and have mercy on me, O Lord + and Saviour! + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/mother_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/mother.jpg" alt= + "The Mother of Our Saviour"></a><br> + THE MOTHER OF OUR SAVIOUR. + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Humility + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> IMMENSE, almighty, and + incomprehensible God, who am I, that Thou shouldst + vouchsafe to come to be my food, and to take Thy + habitation within my soul? The consideration of Thy + greatness and my unworthiness penetrates me with awe + and confusion. With the utmost sincerity I can only + declare the extent of my misery, and admire that + infinite goodness which induces Thee to visit + personally the lowest and basest of Thy creatures. + Receive, then, Thy unworthy servant into the + compassionate arms of Thy mercy. Cast all my sins out + of Thy sight, and with the tenderness of a loving + father extend Thy arms to receive me; and let me + effectually experience the truth of Thy prophet's + words: "A sacrifice to God is an afflicted spirit; a + contrite and humble heart, O God, Thou wilt not + despise" (<i>Ps.</i> l. 19). + </p> + <p align="center"> + IMMEDIATELY BEFORE COMMUNION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ORD, I am not worthy that Thou + shouldst enter under my roof: say but the word, and my + soul shall be healed. + </p> + <p> + The body of Our Lord Jesus Christ preserve my soul to + life everlasting. + </p><br> + <p align="center"> + <a name="acom" id="acom">AFTER COMMUNION</a> + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Thanksgiving + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS, my God and Saviour! I + return Thee thanks for having, out of Thy pure mercy, + without any desert of mine, been pleased to feed my + soul with Thine own most sacred body and blood. Suffer + me sooner to be forgetful of myself than to be ever + unmindful of this great favor. Although I have hitherto + been ungrateful, with the help of Thy grace I shall be + so no more. But what return can I make Thee, being of + myself insolvent, indigent, and miserable? The + sacrifice of all that I am or have is not worthy to be + presented to Thee; but, behold I offer Thee Thyself, + and consider all my debts as abundantly discharged. May + Thy infinite mercy be for ever exalted for having given + me such an excellent means of repaying Thee to the + full. O that I could ever remember Thee, think of Thee, + ever love Thee alone! Imprint the memory of what Thou + didst for me so deeply in my heart, that I spend my + whole life in thanking Thee for all Thy benefits, but + especially for this banquet of Thy love. Amen. + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Adoration + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">U</font>NDER the sacred veil of Thy + eucharistic presence, where Thy love of man conceals + the splendor of Thy majesty, I most humbly adore Thee, + O almighty God! The grandeur of the heavens is as + nothing in Thy sight; they shall perish, but Thou shalt + remain for ever. The earth Thou hast poised in Thy + hand. The ocean is before Thee but as a drop of water. + All nature bows and trembles in Thy presence. How, + then, shall I extol Thee, immortal King of glory? What + homage can I give in proportion to Thy greatness? Thou + art the perfect image of Thy Father's substance. Thou + art the splendor of His glory. Thou art His almighty + Word, supporting all things. Thee He has seated at His + right hand. Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever; a + scepter of justice is the scepter of Thy reign. I bow + before Thy sacred Majesty. I acknowledge with the + sincerest gratitude that Thou art my redeemer, my + creator, the supreme arbiter of my eternal destiny. I + desire to humble myself as profoundly for Thy sake as + Thou art humbled for my love in the center of my soul, + and to consecrate to the glory of Thy name the whole + extent of my being. Amen. + </p> + <h2> + An Act of Oblation + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MY Saviour! What pledge can I + give as an earnest of the gratitude I owe to Thee? I + have nothing worthy of Thee, and if I had, I have + nothing but what is Thine on several accounts. But such + is Thy goodness as to be content to accept from us what + is already Thine. Wherefore, behold, I offer to Thee my + body and soul, which are both now sanctified by the + honor of Thy divine presence. I consecrate them to Thee + for ever, since Thou hast chosen them for Thy temple; + my body to be continually employed in Thy service, and + nevermore to become an instrument of sin; my soul to + know Thee, to love Thee and be evermore faithful to + Thee. And as I am now resolved to serve Thee with body + and soul, I will take pains to correct their evil + inclinations. I will declare war against myself, + renounce my wonted pleasures, my delights, my passions, + my anger, my self-love, my pride, my own will, and, in + fine, whatever may offend Thee. + </p> + <h2> + Offering and Petition + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LMIGHTY God, I offer Thee this + holy communion in union with the superabundant merits + of Jesus Christ, Thy beloved Son, and the infinite love + of His adorable Heart; in union with the Blessed Virgin + and the ardent love of her immaculate heart; in union + with the Holy Helpers and all the happy souls who enjoy + Thy glorious vision in heaven, and with all the just on + earth. O my God and Saviour, Jesus Christ, present in + me in the eucharistic species; fill me with that lively + faith, profound humility, tender confidence, pure + conscience, and ardent love, with which so many happy + souls are inflamed in partaking of this sacred banquet, + and supply by Thy mercy all my deficiencies. I offer my + communion to render Thee the honor and glory which are + due to Thy infinite majesty; to satisfy Thy justice, + which I have provoked by my sins; to thank Thee for the + innumerable benefits which I have received from Thy + bounty; and to obtain from Thy infinite mercy the + graces necessary for me; particularly the grace to + subdue my predominant passion and to acquire the virtue + in which I am most deficient; but especially the grace + of a happy death. + </p> + <p> + I likewise offer my communion, O merciful Father, in + memory of the passion and death of Thy dear Son, my + divine Redeemer, to love Him with more ardor and + perfection; to participate in the merits of His labors + and sufferings; to acquire His spirit; to imitate His + virtues; to model my life on His, and to make His + adorable Heart a public reparation for all the + sacrilegious communions, irreverences, and profanations + which are committed against Him in this sacrament of + His love. I offer it to thank Thee, O God, for all the + graces Thou hast bestowed on mankind, particularly for + all those Thou hast conferred on Thy blessed Mother, on + all the angels and saints, especially on my guardian + angel, on my holy patron, and on the Holy Helpers. I + offer it, likewise, for the triumph of our holy + religion, for the exaltation of the Catholic Church, + for the conversion of infidels, heretics, schismatics, + and all those who are in the unhappy state of sin. Also + for the needs of my relatives, friends, benefactors, + and enemies; for the perseverance of the just, the + comfort of the afflicted, and the deliverance of the + souls in purgatory; in a word, for all those for whom I + am bound to pray; and I desire to enter into the + intentions requisite for gaining the indulgences + granted by the Church to-day for worthy communicants. + </p> + <p align="center"> + INVOCATIONS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>OUL of Christ, sanctify me!<br> + Body of Christ, save me!<br> + Blood of Christ, inebriate me!<br> + Water from the side of Christ, wash me!<br> + Passion of Christ, strengthen me!<br> + O good Jesus, hear me!<br> + Within Thy wounds, hide me!<br> + Permit me not to be separated from Thee!<br> + From the malignant enemy defend me!<br> + In the hour of my death call me!<br> + And bid me come to Thee,<br> + That, with Thy saints, I may praise Thee<br> + For ever and ever. Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence, (1) 300 days, every time. (2) 7 years, once + a day, after receiving communion. (3) A plenary + indulgence, once a month, to all who have the pious + custom of saying it at least once a day for a month; + under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, January 9, 1854.) + </p> + <h2> + Prayer to Jesus Crucified + </h2> + <p> + <img src="images/crucifix.jpg" alt= + "A crucifix"><font size="+3">L</font>OOK down upon me, + good and gentle Jesus, while before Thy face I humbly + kneel, and with burning soul pray and beseech Thee to + fix deep in my heart lively sentiments of faith, hope, + and charity, true contrition for my sins, and a firm + purpose of amendment; while I contemplate with great + love and tender pity Thy five wounds, pondering over + them within me, and calling to mind the words which + David Thy prophet said of Thee, my Jesus: "They pierced + my hands and my feet; they numbered all my bones" + (<i>Ps.</i> xxi. 17, 18). + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. A plenary indulgence, under the usual + conditions, if said before an image or picture of the + crucified Redeemer, after holy communion. (Pius IX, + July 31, 1858.) + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="blessed_sacrament" id= + "blessed_sacrament">Visit to the Blessed Sacrament</a> + </h1> + <p align="center"> + (<i>Prayer of St. Alphonsus.</i>) + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ORD Jesus Christ, who through + the love which Thou bearest to man, dost remain with + them day and night in this sacrament, full of mercy and + love, expecting, inviting, and receiving all who come + to visit Thee; I believe that Thou art present in the + Sacrament of the Altar. From the abyss of my + nothingness I adore Thee, and I thank Thee for all the + favors which Thou hast bestowed upon me, particularly + for having given me Thyself in this sacrament, for + having given me for my advocate Thy most holy Mother + Mary, and for having called me to visit Thee in this + church. + </p> + <p> + I this day salute Thy most loving Heart, and I wish to + salute it for three ends: first, in thanksgiving for + this great gift; second, in compensation for all the + injuries Thou hast received from Thy enemies in this + sacrament; third, I wish by this visit to adore Thee in + all places in which Thou art least honored and most + abandoned in this holy sacrament. My Jesus, I love Thee + with my whole heart. I am sorry for having hitherto + offended Thy infinite goodness. I purpose, with the + assistance of Thy grace, nevermore to offend Thee; and + at this moment, miserable as I am, I consecrate my + whole being to Thee. I give Thee my entire will, all my + affections and desires, and all that I have. From this + day forward, do what Thou wilt with me and with + whatsoever belongs to me. I ask and desire only Thy + holy love, the gift of final perseverance, and the + perfect accomplishment of Thy will. I recommend to Thee + the souls in purgatory, particularly those who were + most devoted to the Blessed Sacrament and to most holy + Mary; and I also recommend to Thee all poor sinners. + Finally, my dear Saviour, I unite all my affections + with the affections of Thy most loving Heart; and thus + united I offer them to Thy eternal Father, and I + entreat Him, in Thy name and for Thy sake, to accept + them. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. (1) 300 days, every time this prayer is + said before the Blessed Sacrament. (2) A plenary + indulgence, once a month, for saying it every day for a + month; under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, Sept. 7, + 1854.) + </p> + <h1> + <a name="sacred_heart" id="sacred_heart">An Act of + Oblation to the Sacred Heart</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">D</font>IVINE Heart of my Jesus! I + adore Thee with all the powers of my soul, which I + consecrate to Thee for ever, with my thoughts, my + words, my works, and my whole self. I purpose to offer + to Thee, as far as I can, acts of adoration, love, and + glory, like unto those which Thou offerest to Thy + eternal Father. Be Thou, I beseech Thee, the repairer + of my transgressions, the protector of my life, my + refuge and asylum in the hour of death. By Thy sighs, + and by that sea of bitterness in which Thou wast + plunged for me throughout Thy whole mortal life, grant + me true contrition for my sins, contempt of earthly + things, a burning desire of eternal glory, trust in Thy + infinite merits, and final perseverance in Thy grace. + </p> + <p> + Heart of Jesus, all love! I offer Thee these humble + prayers for myself and for all who unite with me in + spirit to adore Thee. Vouchsafe out of Thy great + goodness to hear and answer them, chiefly for that one + among us who will first end this mortal life. Sweet + Heart of Jesus! pour into his heart, in his death + agony, Thine inward consolations; receive him within + Thy sacred wound; cleanse him from all stains in that + furnace of love, so that Thou mayest soon open to him + the gates of Thy eternal glory, there to intercede with + Thee for all those who tarry yet in this land of exile. + </p> + <p> + Most holy Heart of my most loving Jesus! For myself, a + wretched sinner, and for all who unite with me in + adoring Thee, I purpose to renew and offer to Thee + these acts of adoration and these prayers at every + moment and to the last instant of my life. I recommend + to Thee, my Jesus, our holy Church, Thy well-beloved + spouse and our true mother; the souls who are following + the path of justice, poor sinners, the afflicted, the + dying, all men on the face of the entire earth. Let not + Thy blood be shed in vain for them; and vouchsafe, + lastly, to apply it for the relief of the souls in + purgatory, and above all, for those who in life were + foremost in their devotion to Thee. + </p> + <p> + Most loving heart of Mary, which, amongst the hearts of + all God's creatures, is at once the purest and the most + inflamed with love for Jesus, and the most + compassionate toward us poor sinners, obtain for us + from the Heart of Jesus, our Redeemer, all graces which + we ask of thee. Mother of mercies, one throb, a single + beat of thy burning heart, offered by thee to the Heart + of Jesus, has power to console us to the full. Grant + us, then, this favor. And then the Heart of Jesus, + through the filial love He had for thee, and will ever + have, will not fail to hear and answer our request. + Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + DAILY OFFERING + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> LORD Jesus Christ! In union + with that divine intention, with which Thou, whilst on + earth, didst give praise to God through Thy most sacred + Heart, and which Thou dost still everywhere offer to + Him in the Holy Eucharist, even to the consummation of + the world; I, in imitation of the most sacred heart of + the ever-immaculate Virgin Mary, do most cheerfully + offer to Thee, during this entire day, all my thoughts + and intentions, all my affections and desires, my words + and all my works. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 100 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, Dec. 19, + 1885.) + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Ejaculation</i> + </p> + <p> + Jesus, meek and humble of heart, make my heart like + unto Thine! + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 300 days, once a day. (Pius IX, January 25, + 1858.) + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a name="suffering_jesus" id="suffering_jesus">PRAYERS + TO JESUS SUFFERING</a> + </p> + <h1> + <a name="stations_of_the_cross" id= + "stations_of_the_cross">The Stations of the Cross</a> + </h1> + <p align="center"> + PREPARATORY PRAYER + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>OST merciful Jesus! With a + contrite heart and penitent spirit I bow down in + profound humility before Thy divine majesty. I adore + Thee as my supreme Lord and master; I believe in Thee, + I hope in Thee, I love Thee above all things. I am + heartily sorry for having offended Thee, my supreme and + only good. I resolve to amend my life; and though I am + unworthy to obtain mercy, yet the sight of Thy holy + cross, on which Thou didst die, inspires me with hope + and consolation. I will therefore meditate on Thy + sufferings, and visit the stations of Thy passion in + company with Thy sorrowful Mother and my guardian + angel, with the intention of promoting Thy glory and + saving my soul. + </p> + <p> + I desire to gain all the indulgences granted for this + exercise, for myself and for the suffering souls in + purgatory. O merciful Redeemer, who hast said; "And I, + if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all things + to myself," draw my heart and my love to Thee, that I + may perform this devotion as perfectly as possible, and + that I may live and die in union with Thee. Amen. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Before Every Station</i> + </p> + <p> + We adore Thee, O Christ, and praise Thee: Because by + Thy holy cross Thou hast redeemed the world. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>After Every Station</i> + </p> + <p> + Lord Jesus, crucified: Have mercy on us. + </p> + <h2> + First Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS IS CONDEMNED TO DEATH + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">J</font>ESUS, most innocent, who + neither did nor could commit sin, was condemned to + death, and, moreover, to the ignominious death of the + cross. To remain a friend of Caesar, Pilate delivered + Him to His enemies. A fearful crime—to condemn + innocence to death, and to offend God, in order not to + displease men. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> INNOCENT Jesus, having sinned + I am guilty of eternal death, but Thou dost willingly + accept the unjust sentence of death, that I might live. + For whom, then, shall I henceforth live, if not for + Thee, my Lord? Should I desire to please men, I could + not be Thy servant. Let me, therefore, rather displease + men and all the world than not please Thee, O Jesus. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Second Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS CARRIES HIS CROSS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font>N BEHOLDING the cross, our + divine Saviour most willingly stretched out His + bleeding arms, lovingly embraced it, tenderly kissed + it, and placing it on His bruised shoulder, despite His + exhaustion joyfully carried it. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MY Jesus, I can not be Thy + friend and follower if I refuse to carry the cross. O + dearly beloved cross, I embrace thee, I kiss thee, I + rejoice to receive thee from the hands of God. Far be + it from me to glory in anything save in the cross of my + Lord and Redeemer. By it the world shall be crucified + to me, and I to the world, that I may be Thine for + ever. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail, Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Third Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS FALLS THE FIRST TIME + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font>UR dear Saviour carrying the + cross was so weakened by its heavy weight as to fall + exhausted to the ground. Our sins and misdeeds were the + heavy burden which oppressed Him; the cross was to Him + light and sweet, but our sins were galling and + insupportable. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MY Jesus! Thou didst bear my + burden and the heavy weight of my sins. Should I, then, + not bear in union with Thee my easy burden of suffering + and accept the sweet yoke of Thy commandments? Thy yoke + is sweet and Thy burden light; I therefore willingly + accept it. I will take up Thy cross and follow Thee. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Fourth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS MEETS HIS AFFLICTED MOTHER + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OW painful and how sad it must + have been for Mary, the sorrowful Mother, to behold her + beloved Son laden with the burden of the cross! What + unspeakable pangs her most tender heart experienced! + How earnestly she yearned to die instead of, or at + least with, Jesus! Implore this sorrowful Mother that + she assist you in the hour of your death. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS, O Mary! I am the cause + of the great and manifold pains which pierce your + loving hearts. O that my heart also would feel and + experience at least some of your sufferings! O Mother + of sorrows, let me participate in the sufferings which + thou and thy Son endured for me, and let me experience + thy sorrow, that, afflicted with thee, I may enjoy thy + assistance in the hour of my death. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href= + "images/immaculateconception_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/immaculateconception.jpg" alt= + "The Immaculate Conception"></a><br> + THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION. + </p> + <h2> + Fifth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + SIMON OF CYRENE HELPS JESUS TO CARRY THE CROSS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">S</font>IMON of Cyrene was compelled to + help Jesus carry His cross, and Jesus accepted His + assistance. How willingly He would permit you also to + carry the cross! He calls you, but you hear Him not; He + invites you, but you decline. What a reproach, to bear + the cross reluctantly! + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS! Whosoever does not take + up His cross and follow Thee is not worthy of Thee. + Behold, I join Thee in the way of Thy cross; I will be + Thy assistant, following Thy footsteps, that I may come + to Thee in eternal life. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Sixth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + VERONICA WIPES THE FACE OF JESUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>MPELLED by devotion and + compassion, Veronica presents her veil to Jesus to wipe + His disfigured face. And Jesus imprints on it His holy + countenance; a great recompense for so slight a + service. What return do you make to your Saviour for + His great and manifold benefits? + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>OST merciful Jesus! What return + shall I make for all the benefits Thou didst bestow on + me? Behold, I consecrate myself entirely to Thy + service. I offer and consecrate to Thee my heart. + Imprint upon it Thy sacred image, never to be effaced + again by sin. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Seventh Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS FALLS THE SECOND TIME + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">J</font>ESUS, suffering under the + weight of His cross, again falls to the ground; but His + cruel executioners do not permit Him to rest a moment. + Pushing and striking Him, they urge Him onward. It is + the frequent repetition of our sins which oppresses + Jesus. Witnessing this, how can I continue to sin? + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS, son of David, have + mercy on me! Offer me Thy helping hand, and aid me that + I may not fall again into my former sins. From this + very moment I will earnestly strive to reform; + nevermore will I sin. Do Thou, O sole support of the + weak, by Thy grace, without which I can do nothing, + strengthen me to carry out faithfully this my + resolution. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Eighth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + THE DAUGHTERS OF JERUSALEM WEEP OVER JESUS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HESE devoted women, moved by + compassion, weep over the suffering Saviour. But He + turns to them, saying, "Weep not for Me, who am + innocent, but weep for yourselves and for your + children." Weep thou also; for there is nothing more + pleasing to Our Lord, and nothing more profitable for + thyself, than tears shed from contrition for thy sins. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS, who shall give to my + eyes a torrent of tears, that day and night I may weep + for my sins? I beseech Thee through Thy bloody tears to + move my heart by Thy divine grace, so that from my eyes + tears may flow abundantly, and I may weep all days over + Thy sufferings, and still more over their cause, my + sins. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail, Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Ninth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS FALLS THE THIRD TIME + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">J</font>ESUS, arriving exhausted at the + foot of Calvary, falls for the third time to the + ground. His love for us is not exhausted, not + diminished. What a fearfully oppressive burden our sins + must be to cause Jesus to fall so often! Had He, + however, not taken them upon Himself, they would have + plunged us into the abyss of hell. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>OST merciful Jesus! I return + Thee infinite thanks for not permitting me to continue + in sin, and to fall, as I have so often deserved, into + the depths of hell. Enkindle in me an earnest desire of + amendment. Let me never again relapse, but vouchsafe me + Thy grace to persevere to the end of my life. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Tenth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS IS STRIPPED OF HIS GARMENTS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>FTER arriving on Calvary, our + Saviour was cruelly despoiled of His garments. How + painful must this have been, because they adhered to + His wounded and torn body, and with them parts of His + bloody skin were removed! All the wounds of Jesus are + renewed. He is despoiled of His garments that He might + die possessed of nothing. How happy shall I die after + laying aside my former self with all evil inclinations + and desires! + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>NDUCE me, O Jesus! to lay aside + my former self, and to be renewed according to Thy will + and desire. I will not spare myself, however painful + this should be for me; despoiled of things temporal, of + my own will, I desire to die, in order to live for Thee + for ever. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Eleventh Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS IS NAILED TO THE CROSS + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">J</font>ESUS, being stripped of His + garments, was violently thrown upon the cross, and His + hands and feet were most cruelly nailed thereto. In + such excruciating torments He remained silent, because + it thus pleased His heavenly Father. He suffered + patiently because He suffered for us. How do I act in + suffering and affliction? How fretful and impatient, + how full of complaints I am! + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS, gracious Lamb of God! I + renounce for ever my impatience. Crucify, O Lord, my + flesh and its concupiscences. Scorch, scathe, and + punish me in this world; do but spare me in the next! I + commit my destiny to Thee, resigning myself to Thy holy + will; may it be done in all things. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <h2> + Twelfth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS IS RAISED UPON THE CROSS, AND DIES + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>EHOLD Jesus crucified! Behold + the wounds He received for the love of you! His whole + appearance betokens love. His head is bent to kiss you; + His arms are extended to embrace you; His Heart is open + to receive you. O superabundance of love! Jesus, the + Son of God dies that man may live and be delivered from + everlasting death. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MOST amiable Jesus! Who will + grant me that I may die for love of Thee? I will at + least endeavor to die to the world. How must I regard + the world and its vanities, when I behold Thee hanging + on the cross, covered with wounds? O Jesus, receive me + into Thy wounded Heart; I belong entirely to Thee; for + Thee alone do I desire to live and to die. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc + </p> + <h2> + Thirteenth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS IS TAKEN DOWN FROM THE CROSS, AND PLACED IN THE + ARMS OF HIS MOTHER + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">J</font>ESUS did not descend from the + cross, but remained on it till after His death. And + when taken down from it, He, in death as in life, + rested on the bosom of His Mother. Persevere in your + resolutions of reform, and do not part from the cross; + he that persevereth to the end shall be saved. + Consider, moreover, how pure the heart should be that + receives the body and blood of Christ in the adorable + Sacrament of the Altar. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> LORD Jesus! Thy lifeless body, + mangled and torn, found a worthy resting-place on the + bosom of Thy virgin Mother. Have I not compelled Thee + often to dwell in my heart, full of sin and impurity as + it was? Create in me a new heart, that I may worthily + receive Thy most sacred body in holy communion, and + that Thou mayest remain in me, and I in Thee, for all + eternity. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc + </p> + <h2> + Fourteenth Station + </h2> + <p align="center"> + JESUS IS LAID IN THE SEPULCHER + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE body of Jesus is laid in a + stranger's tomb. He who in this world had not whereupon + to rest His head, would not even have a grave of His + own, because He was not of this world. You, who are so + attached to the world, henceforth despise it, that you + may not perish with it. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Prayer</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> JESUS, Thou hast set me apart + from the world; what, then, shall I seek therein? Thou + hast created me for heaven; what, then, have I to do + with the world? Depart from me, deceitful world, with + Thy vanities! Henceforth I will follow the way of the + cross traced out for me by my Redeemer, and journey + onward to my heavenly home, there to dwell for ever and + ever. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + </p> + <p align="center"> + CONCLUSION + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LMIGHTY and eternal God, + merciful Father, who hast given to the human race Thy + beloved Son as an example of humility, obedience, and + patience, to precede us on the way of life, bearing the + cross; graciously grant, that we, inflamed by His + infinite love, may take up the sweet yoke of His + Gospel, together with the mortification of the cross, + following Him as His true disciples, so that we shall + one day rise gloriously with Him, and joyfully hear the + final sentence: "Come, ye blessed of my Father, and + possess the kingdom which has been prepared for you + from the beginning," where Thou reignest with the + Father and the Holy Ghost, and where we hope to reign + with Thee throughout all eternity. Amen. + </p> + <h1> + <a name="suffering_redeemer" id= + "suffering_redeemer">Prayer to Our Suffering + Redeemer</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MY Lord Jesus Christ! Who, to + redeem the world, didst vouchsafe to be born amongst + men, to be circumcised, to be rejected and persecuted + by the Jews, to be betrayed by the traitor Judas with a + kiss, and as a lamb, gentle and innocent, to be bound + with cords and dragged, in scorn, before the tribunals + of Annas, Caiphas, Pilate, and Herod; who didst suffer + Thyself to be accused by false witnesses, to be torn by + the scourge and overwhelmed with ignominy; to be spit + upon, to be crowned with thorns, buffeted, struck with + a reed, blindfolded, stripped of Thy garments; to be + nailed to the cross and raised on it between two + thieves; to be given gall and vinegar to drink, and to + be pierced with a lance; do Thou, O Lord, by these Thy + most sacred pains, which I, all unworthy, call to mind, + and by Thy holy cross and death, save me from the pains + of hell, and vouchsafe to bring me whither Thou didst + bring the good thief who was crucified with Thee, who + with the Father and the Holy Ghost, livest and reignest + God, for ever and ever. Amen. + </p> + <p> + Our Father, Hail Mary, and Glory be to the Father, + etc., five times. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. (1) 300 days, once a day. (2) A plenary + indulgence, under the usual conditions, on any one of + the last three days of the month, after saying this + prayer daily for a month. (Pius VII, August 25, 1820.) + </p> + <h1> + <a name="blessed_virgin" id="blessed_virgin">Prayer to + the Blessed Virgin Mary</a> + </h1> + <p align="center"> + (<i>By St. Alphonsus.</i>) + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>OST holy and immaculate virgin, + O my Mother, thou who art the Mother of my Lord, the + queen of the world, the advocate, hope, and refuge of + sinners! I, the most wretched among them, come now to + thee. I venerate thee, great queen, and give thee + thanks for the many favors thou hast bestowed on me in + the past. Most of all do I thank thee for having saved + me from hell, which I so often deserved. I love thee, + Lady most worthy of love, and by the love which I bear + thee I promise ever in the future to serve thee, and to + do what in me lies to win others to thy love. In thee I + put all my trust, all my hope of salvation. Receive me + as thy servant, and cover me with the mantle of thy + protection, thou who art the Mother of mercy! And since + thou hast so much power with God, deliver me from all + temptations, or at least obtain for me the grace ever + to overcome them. From thee I ask a true love of Jesus + Christ, and the grace of a happy death. O my Mother, by + thy love for God I beseech thee to be at all times my + helper, but above all at the last moment of my life. + Leave me not until thou seest me safely in heaven, + there for endless ages to bless thee and sing thy + praises. Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence, (1) 300 days, every time. (2) A plenary + indulgence, once a month, for having said it daily + during the month; under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, + Sept. 7, 1854.) + </p> + <h1> + <a name="salvation" id="salvation">Prayer for All + Things Necessary for Salvation</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> MY God! I believe in Thee; do + Thou strengthen my faith. All my hopes are in Thee; do + Thou secure them. I love Thee with my whole heart; + teach me to love Thee more and more. I am sorry that I + have offended Thee; do Thou increase my sorrow. I adore + Thee as my first beginning; I aspire after Thee as my + last end. I give Thee thanks as my constant benefactor; + I call upon Thee as my sovereign protector. Vouchsafe, + O my God, to conduct me by Thy wisdom, to restrain me + by Thy justice, to comfort me by Thy mercy, to defend + me by Thy power. To Thee I desire to consecrate all my + thoughts, my actions, and my sufferings, that I + henceforward may think only of Thee, speak only of + Thee, and ever refer all my actions to Thy greater + glory, and suffer willingly whatever Thou shalt + appoint. O Lord, I desire that in all things Thy will + be done, because it is Thy will, and in the manner that + Thou willest. I beg of Thee to enlighten my + understanding, to inflame my will, to purify my body, + and to sanctify my soul. Give me strength, O my God, to + expiate my offenses, to overcome my temptations, to + subdue my passions, to acquire the virtues proper for + my state. Fill my heart with tender affection for Thy + goodness, a hatred of my faults, a love for my + neighbor, and a contempt for the world. Let me always + be submissive to my superiors, condescending to my + inferiors, faithful to my friends, and charitable to my + enemies. Assist me to overcome sensuality by + mortification, avarice by almsdeeds, anger by meekness, + and tepidity by zeal. O my God, make me prudent in my + undertakings, courageous in dangers, patient in + affliction, and humble in prosperity. Grant that I may + be ever attentive at my prayers, temperate at my meals, + diligent in my employments, and constant in my + resolutions. Let my conscience be ever upright and + pure, my exterior modest, my conversation edifying, my + comportment regular. Assist me, that I may continually + labor to overcome nature, correspond with Thy grace, + keep Thy commandments, and work out my salvation. + Discover to me, O my God, the nothingness of this + world, the greatness of heaven, the shortness of time, + the length of eternity. Grant that I may be prepared + for death, fear Thy judgments, escape hell, and, in the + end, obtain heaven. + </p> + <p> + All that I have asked for myself I confidently ask for + others; for my family, my relations, my benefactors, my + friends, and also for my enemies. I ask it for the + whole Church, for all the orders of which it is + composed; more especially for our Holy Father, the + Pope; for our bishop, for our pastors, and for all who + are in authority; also for all those for whom Thou + desirest that I should pray. Give them, O Lord, all + that Thou knowest to be conducive to Thy glory and + necessary for their salvation. Strengthen the just in + virtue, convert sinners, enlighten infidels, heretics, + and schismatics; console the afflicted, give to the + faithful departed rest and eternal life; that together + we may praise, love, and bless Thee for all eternity. + Amen. + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + The Four Approved Litanies + </h1><br> + <h1> + <a name="litany_of_most_holy_name" id= + "litany_of_most_holy_name">Litany of the Most Holy Name + of Jesus</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ORD, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, have mercy on us.<br> + Lord, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, hear us.<br> + Jesus, graciously hear us.<br> + God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us.<br> + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on + us.<br> + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us.<br> + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, Son of the living God, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, splendor of the Father, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, brightness of eternal light, have mercy on + us.<br> + Jesus, king of glory, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, sun of justice, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, Son of the Virgin Mary, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus amiable, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus admirable, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, powerful God, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, Father of the world to come, have mercy on + us.<br> + Jesus, angel of the great council, have mercy on + us.<br> + Jesus most powerful, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus most patient, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus most obedient, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus meek and humble of heart, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, lover of chastity, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, lover of us, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, God of peace, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, author of life, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, model of all virtues, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, zealous for souls, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, our God, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, our refuge, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, father of the poor, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, treasure of the faithful, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, good shepherd, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, true light, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, eternal wisdom, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, infinite goodness, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, our way and our life, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, joy of angels, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, king of patriarchs, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, master of the apostles, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, teacher of the evangelists, have mercy on + us.<br> + Jesus, strength of martyrs, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, light of confessors, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, purity of virgins, have mercy on us.<br> + Jesus, crown of all saints, have mercy on us.<br> + Be merciful, spare us, O Jesus.<br> + Be merciful, graciously hear us, O Jesus.<br> + From all evil, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + From all sin, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + From Thy wrath, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + From the snares of the devil, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + From the spirit of fornication, deliver us, O + Jesus.<br> + From eternal death, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + From the neglect of Thy inspirations, deliver us, O + Jesus.<br> + By the mystery of Thy holy incarnation, deliver us, O + Jesus.<br> + By Thy nativity, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy infancy, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy most divine life, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy labors, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy agony and passion, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy cross and dereliction, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy languors, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy death and burial, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy resurrection, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy ascension, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy joys, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + By Thy glory, deliver us, O Jesus.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Spare us, O Jesus.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Graciously hear us, O Jesus.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Have mercy on us, O Jesus.<br> + Jesus, hear us.<br> + Jesus, graciously hear us. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Let us pray</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> LORD Jesus Christ, who hast + said: Ask, and ye shall receive; seek, and ye shall + find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you: + mercifully attend to our supplications, and grant us + the gift of Thy divine charity, that we may ever love + Thee with our whole hearts, and never desist from Thy + praise. + </p> + <p> + Give us, O Lord, a perpetual fear and love of Thy holy + name, for Thou never ceasest to direct and govern by + Thy grace those whom Thou instructest in the solidity + of Thy love; who livest and reignest world without end. + Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 300 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, January + 16, 1886.) + </p><br> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/children_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/children.jpg" alt= + "The Children's Offering"></a><br> + THE CHILDREN'S OFFERING. + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="litany_of_sacred_heart" id= + "litany_of_sacred_heart">Litany of the Sacred Heart of + Jesus</a> + </h1> + <p align="center"> + (<i>Approved by Pope Leo XIII, April 2, 1899.</i>) + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ORD, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, have mercy on us.<br> + Lord, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, hear us.<br> + Christ, graciously hear us.<br> + God, the Father of heaven, have mercy on us.<br> + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on + us.<br> + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us.<br> + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, Son of the eternal Father, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, formed by the Holy Ghost in the womb of + the Virgin Mother, have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, substantially united to the Word of + God, have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, of infinite majesty, have mercy on + us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, sacred temple of God, have mercy on + us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, tabernacle of the Most High, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, house of God and gate of heaven, have + mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, burning furnace of charity, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, abode of justice and love, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, full of goodness and love, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, abyss of all virtues, have mercy on + us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, most worthy of all praise, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, king and center of all hearts, have + mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, in whom are all the treasures of wisdom + and knowledge, have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, in whom dwells the fulness of divinity, + have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, in whom the Father was well pleased, + have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, of whose fulness we have all received, + have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, desire of the everlasting hills, have + mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, patient and most merciful, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, enriching all who invoke Thee, have + mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, fountain of life and holiness, have + mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, propitiation for our sins, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, loaded down with opprobrium, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, bruised for our offences, have mercy on + us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, obedient unto death, have mercy on + us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, pierced with a lance, have mercy on + us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, source of all consolation, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, our life and resurrection, have mercy + on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, our peace and reconciliation, have + mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, victim for sin, have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, salvation of those who trust in thee, + have mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, hope of those who die in Thee, have + mercy on us.<br> + Heart of Jesus, delight of all the saints, have mercy + on us.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Spare us, O Lord.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Graciously hear us, O Lord.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Have mercy on us, O Lord.<br> + V. Jesus, meek and humble of Heart:<br> + R. Make our hearts like unto Thine. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Let us pray</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> ALMIGHTY and eternal God! Look + upon the Heart of Thy dearly beloved Son, and upon the + praise and satisfaction He offers Thee in the name of + sinners and of those who seek Thy mercy; be Thou + appeased, and grant us pardon in the name of the same + Jesus Christ, Thy Son; who liveth and reigneth with + Thee, in the unity of the Holy Ghost, world without + end. Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. 300 days. (Leo XIII, April 2, 1899.) + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="litany_of_loreto" id="litany_of_loreto">The + Litany of Loreto</a> + </h1> + <p align="center"> + <i>In Honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ORD, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, have mercy on us.<br> + Lord, have mercy on us,<br> + Christ, hear us.<br> + Christ, graciously hear us.<br> + God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us.<br> + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on + us.<br> + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us.<br> + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us.<br> + Holy Mary, pray for us.<br> + Holy Mother of God, pray for us.<br> + Holy Virgin of virgins, pray for us.<br> + Mother of Christ, pray for us.<br> + Mother of divine grace, pray for us.<br> + Mother most pure, pray for us.<br> + Mother most chaste, pray for us.<br> + Mother inviolate, pray for us.<br> + Mother undefiled, pray for us.<br> + Mother most amiable, pray for us.<br> + Mother most admirable, pray for us.<br> + Mother of good counsel, pray for us.<br> + Mother of our Creator, pray for us.<br> + Mother of our Redeemer, pray for us.<br> + Virgin most prudent, pray for us.<br> + Virgin most venerable, pray for us.<br> + Virgin most renowned, pray for us.<br> + Virgin most powerful, pray for us.<br> + Virgin most merciful, pray for us.<br> + Virgin most faithful, pray for us.<br> + Mirror of justice, pray for us.<br> + Seat of wisdom, pray for us.<br> + Cause of our joy, pray for us.<br> + Spiritual vessel, pray for us.<br> + Vessel of honor, pray for us.<br> + Singular vessel of devotion, pray for us.<br> + Mystical rose, pray for us.<br> + Tower of David, pray for us.<br> + Tower of ivory, pray for us.<br> + House of gold, pray for us.<br> + Ark of the covenant, pray for us.<br> + Gate of heaven, pray for us.<br> + Morning star, pray for us.<br> + Health of the sick, pray for us.<br> + Refuge of sinners, pray for us.<br> + Comforter of the afflicted, pray for us.<br> + Help of Christians, pray for us.<br> + Queen of angels, pray for us.<br> + Queen of patriarchs, pray for us.<br> + Queen of prophets, pray for us.<br> + Queen of apostles, pray for us.<br> + Queen of martyrs, pray for us.<br> + Queen of confessors, pray for us.<br> + Queen of virgins, pray for us.<br> + Queen of all saints, pray for us.<br> + Queen conceived without original sin, pray for us.<br> + Queen of the most holy rosary, pray for us.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Spare us, O Lord.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Graciously hear us, O Lord.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Have mercy on us, O Lord.<br> + V. Pray for us, O holy Mother of God:<br> + R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of + Christ. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Let us pray</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">P</font>OUR forth, we beseech Thee, O + Lord, Thy grace into our hearts, that we, to whom the + incarnation of Christ Thy Son was made known by the + message of an angel, may by His passion and cross be + brought to the glory of His resurrection. Through the + same Christ our Lord. Amen. + </p> + <p> + V. Pray for us, O holy Mother of God.<br> + R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of + Christ. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Let us pray</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">V</font>OUCHSAFE, O Lord, that we may + be helped by the merits of Thy most holy Mother's + spouse; that what of ourselves we can not obtain may be + given us through his intercession. Who livest and + reignest, world without end. Amen. + </p> + <p> + Indulgence. (1) 300 days, every time. (2) A plenary + indulgence on the following five feasts of the Blessed + Virgin: Immaculate Conception, Nativity, Purification, + Annunciation, and Assumption; under the usual + conditions, to all who shall have said it daily during + the year. (Pius VII, September 30, 1817.) These + indulgences are granted for the litany alone; hence the + prayers following it may be omitted. + </p><br> + <h1> + <a name="litany_of_saints" id="litany_of_saints">Litany + of the Saints</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">L</font>ORD, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, have mercy on us.<br> + Lord, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, hear us.<br> + Christ, graciously hear us.<br> + God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us.<br> + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on + us.<br> + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us.<br> + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us.<br> + Holy Mary, pray for us.<br> + Holy Mother of God, pray for us.<br> + Holy Virgin of virgins, pray for us.<br> + St. Michael, pray for us.<br> + St. Gabriel, pray for us.<br> + St. Raphael, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy angels and archangels, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy orders of blessed spirits, pray for us.<br> + St. John Baptist, pray for us.<br> + St. Joseph, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy patriarchs and prophets, pray for us.<br> + St. Peter, pray for us.<br> + St. Paul, pray for us.<br> + St. Andrew, pray for us.<br> + St. James, pray for us.<br> + St. John, pray for us.<br> + St. Thomas, pray for us.<br> + St. James, pray for us.<br> + St. Philip, pray for us.<br> + St. Bartholomew, pray for us.<br> + St. Matthew, pray for us.<br> + St. Simon, pray for us.<br> + St. Thaddaeus, pray for us.<br> + St. Mathias, pray for us.<br> + St. Barnabas, pray for us.<br> + St. Luke, pray for us.<br> + St. Mark, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy apostles and evangelists, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy disciples of Our Lord, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy innocents, pray for us.<br> + St. Stephen, pray for us.<br> + St. Lawrence, pray for us.<br> + St. Vincent, pray for us.<br> + SS. Fabian and Sebastian, pray for us.<br> + SS. John and Paul, pray for us.<br> + SS. Cosmas and Damian, pray for us.<br> + SS. Gervaise and Protaise, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy martyrs, pray for us.<br> + St. Sylvester, pray for us.<br> + St. Gregory, pray for us.<br> + St. Ambrose, pray for us.<br> + St. Augustine, pray for us.<br> + St. Jerome, pray for us.<br> + St. Martin, pray for us.<br> + St. Nicholas, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy bishops and confessors, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy doctors, pray for us.<br> + St. Anthony, pray for us.<br> + St. Benedict, pray for us.<br> + St. Bernard, pray for us.<br> + St. Dominic, pray for us.<br> + St. Francis, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy priests and levites, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy monks and hermits, pray for us.<br> + St. Mary Magdalen, pray for us.<br> + St. Agatha, pray for us.<br> + St. Lucy, pray for us.<br> + St. Agnes, pray for us.<br> + St. Cecilia, pray for us.<br> + St. Catherine, pray for us.<br> + St. Anastasia, pray for us.<br> + All ye holy virgins and widows, pray for us.<br> + All ye men and women, saints of God: Make intercession + for us.<br> + Be merciful: Spare us, O Lord.<br> + Be merciful: Graciously hear us, O Lord.<br> + From all evil, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + From all sin, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + From a sudden and unprovided death, O Lord, deliver + us.<br> + From the snares of the devil, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + From anger, hatred, and ill will, O Lord, deliver + us.<br> + From the spirit of fornication, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + From lightning and tempest, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + From the scourge of earthquake, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + From pestilence, famine, and war, O Lord, deliver + us.<br> + From everlasting death, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + Through the mystery of Thy holy incarnation, O Lord, + deliver us.<br> + Through Thy coming, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + Through Thy nativity, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + Through Thy baptism and holy fasting, O Lord, deliver + us.<br> + Through Thy cross and passion, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + Through Thy death and burial, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + Through Thy holy resurrection, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + Through Thy admirable ascension, O Lord, deliver + us.<br> + Through the coming of the Holy Ghost, the Comforter, O + Lord, deliver us.<br> + In the Day of Judgment, O Lord, deliver us.<br> + We sinners, Beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou spare us, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou pardon us, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe to bring us to true penance, we + beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe to govern and preserve Thy holy + Church, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe to preserve our apostolic prelate + and all ecclesiastical orders in holy religion, we + beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe to humble the enemies of Thy holy + Church, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe to give peace and true concord to + Christian kings and princes, we beseech Thee, hear + us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe to grant peace and unity to all + Christian people, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe to confirm and preserve us in Thy + holy service, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou lift up our minds to heavenly desires, we + beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou render eternal good things to all our + benefactors, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou deliver our souls and those of our brethren, + kinsfolk, and benefactors from eternal damnation, we + beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe to give and preserve the fruits of + the earth, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe eternal rest to all the faithful + departed, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + That Thou vouchsafe graciously to hear us, we beseech + Thee, hear us.<br> + Son of God, we beseech Thee, hear us.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Spare us, O Lord.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Graciously hear us, O Lord.<br> + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: + Have mercy on us, O Lord.<br> + Christ, hear us.<br> + Christ, graciously hear us.<br> + Lord, have mercy on us.<br> + Christ, have mercy on us.<br> + Lord, have mercy on us.<br> + Our Father, etc.<br> + V. And lead us not into temptation.<br> + R. But deliver us from evil. + </p> + <p align="center"> + PSALM LXIX + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>NCLINE unto my aid, O God: O + Lord, make haste to help me.<br> + Let them be confounded and ashamed: that seek after my + soul.<br> + Let them be turned backward and blush for shame: that + desire evils unto me.<br> + Let them be presently turned away blushing for shame, + that say to me: Tis well, 'tis well.<br> + Let all that seek Thee rejoice and be glad in Thee: and + let such as love Thy salvation say always, The Lord be + magnified.<br> + But I am needy and poor: O God, help Thou me.<br> + Thou art my helper and my deliverer: O Lord, make no + delay.<br> + Glory be to the Father, etc.<br> + V. Save Thy servants:<br> + R. Trusting in Thee, O my God.<br> + V. Be unto us, O God, a tower of strength:<br> + R. From the face of the enemy.<br> + V. Let not the enemy prevail against us:<br> + R. Nor the son of iniquity have power to hurt us.<br> + V. O Lord, deal not with us according to our sins:<br> + R. Neither reward us according to our iniquities.<br> + V. Let us pray for our chief bishop, N.<br> + R. The Lord preserve him, and give him life, and make + him blessed upon earth, and deliver him not up to the + will of his enemies.<br> + V. Let us pray for our benefactors:<br> + R. Vouchsafe, O Lord, for Thy name's sake, to reward + with eternal life all those who have done us good.<br> + V. Let us pray for the faithful departed:<br> + R. Eternal rest give to them, O Lord, and let perpetual + light shine upon them.<br> + V. May they rest in peace.<br> + R. Amen.<br> + V. For our absent brethren:<br> + R. O my God, save Thy servants trusting in Thee.<br> + V. Send them help, O Lord, from Thy holy place:<br> + R. And from Sion protect them.<br> + V. O Lord, hear my prayer:<br> + R. And let my cry come unto Thee. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <i>Let us pray</i> + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font> GOD, whose property it is + always to have mercy and to spare, receive our + petitions, that we, and all Thy servants who are bound + by the chain of sin, may, in the compassion of Thy + goodness, mercifully be absolved. + </p> + <p> + Hear, we beseech Thee, O Lord, the prayer of Thy + suppliants, and pardon the sins of them that confess to + Thee, that of Thy bounty Thou mayest grant us pardon + and peace. + </p> + <p> + Out of Thy clemency, O Lord, show Thy unspeakable mercy + to us, that so Thou mayest both acquit us of our sins + and deliver us from the punishment we deserve for them. + </p> + <p> + O God, who by sin art offended and by penance pacified, + mercifully regard the prayers of Thy people who make + supplication to Thee, and turn away the scourges of Thy + anger, which we deserve for our sins. + </p> + <p> + O almighty and eternal God, have mercy on Thy servant + N., our chief bishop, and direct him, according to Thy + clemency, in the way of everlasting salvation, that, by + Thy grace, he may desire the things that are agreeable + to Thy will, and perform them with all his strength. + </p> + <p> + O God, from whom all holy desires, righteous counsels, + and just works do come, give to Thy servants that peace + which the world can not give; that, our hearts being + disposed to keep Thy commandments, and the fear of + enemies being taken away, the times, by Thy protection, + may be peaceable. + </p> + <p> + Inflame, O Lord, our reins and hearts with the fire of + the Holy Spirit; to the end that we may serve Thee with + a chaste body, and please Thee with a clean heart. + </p> + <p> + O God, the Creator and Redeemer of all the faithful, + give to the souls of Thy servants departed the + remission of all their sins, that by pious + supplications they may obtain the pardon they have + always desired. + </p> + <p> + Direct, we beseech Thee, O Lord, our actions by Thy + holy inspirations, and carry them on by Thy gracious + assistance; that every prayer and work of ours may + always begin from Thee, and by Thee be happily ended. + </p> + <p> + Almighty and eternal God, who hast dominion over the + living and the dead, and art merciful to all whom Thou + foreknowest shall be Thine by faith and good works; we + humbly beseech Thee that they for whom we have purposed + to offer our prayers, whether this present world still + detains them in the flesh, or the next world has + already received them divested of their bodies, may, by + the clemency of Thine own goodness and the intercession + of Thy saints, obtain pardon and full remission of all + their sins. Through Our Lord Jesus Christ, who liveth + and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, + world without end. Amen. + </p> + <p> + V. O Lord, hear my prayer.<br> + R. And let my cry come unto Thee.<br> + V. May the almighty and merciful Lord graciously hear + us.<br> + R. Amen.<br> + V. May the souls of the faithful departed through the + mercy of God rest in peace.<br> + R. Amen. + </p><br> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/help_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/help.jpg" alt= + "Mary, Help of Christians"></a><br> + MARY, HELP OF CHRISTIANS. + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + PART VI + </h1> + <h2> + Thoughts and Counsels of the Saints for Every Day of + the Year + </h2><br> + <br> + <br> + <h2> + "Every day will I bless Thee, and I will praise Thy + name forever" (<i>Ps.</i> cxliv. 2). + </h2><br> + <br> + <h1> + Thoughts and Counsels of the Saints for every Day in + the Year + </h1> + <h2> + <a name="jan" id="jan">January</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HERE are two guarantees of a + wise rule of conduct: the thought before action, and + self-command afterward.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + When we receive with an entire and perfect resignation + the afflictions which God sends us they become for us + favors and benefits; because conformity to the will of + God is a gain far superior to all temporal + advantages.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + All perfection consists in the love of God; and the + perfection of divine love consists in the union of our + will with that of God.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + Leave to every one the care of what belongs to him, and + disturb not thyself with what is said or done in the + world.—ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Place before your eyes as models for imitation, not the + weak and cowardly, but the fervent and + courageous.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + Prayer is a pasturage, a field, wherein all the virtues + find their nourishment, growth, and strength.—ST. + CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + A single act of resignation to the divine will in what + it ordains contrary to our desires, is of more value + than a hundred thousand successes conformable to our + will and taste.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + The shortest, yea, the only way to reach sanctity, is + to conceive a horror for all that the world loves and + values.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + As long as we are in this mortal life, nothing is more + necessary for us than humility.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + Learning without humility has always been pernicious to + the Church; and as pride precipitated the rebellious + angels from heaven, it frequently causes the loss of + learned men.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + Why remain sad and idle? Why exhaust thyself in the + anguish of melancholy? Have courage, do violence to + thyself; meditate on the passion of Jesus Christ, and + thou shalt overcome thy sorrow.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + Here is the difference between the joys of the world + and the cross of Jesus Christ: after having tasted the + first, one is disgusted with them; and on the contrary, + the more one partakes of the cross, the greater the + thirst for it.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + When the sky is free from clouds we can see more + clearly the brightness of the sun. In like manner, when + the soul is free from sin and the gloom of passion, it + participates in the divine light.—VEN. LOUIS DE + GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + Our works are of no value if they be not united to the + merits of Jesus Christ.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + If we are very determined to mortify ourselves and not + to be too much occupied with our corporal health, we + will soon, by the grace of God, become masters of our + bodies.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + In every creature, however small it be, we may see a + striking image of divine wisdom, power, and + goodness.—VEN. BARTHOLOMEW OF MARTYRS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + Time is but a period. It passes like the lightning + flash. Suffering passes with time; suffering, then, is + very short.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + In order to bear our afflictions with patience, it is + very useful to read the lives and legends of the saints + who endured great torments for Jesus Christ.—ST. + TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + Open thine ears to the voices of nature, and thou shalt + hear them in concert inviting thee to the love of + God.—VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + On the feasts of the saints consider their virtues, and + beseech God to deign to adorn you with them.—ST. + TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + When faith grows weak, all virtues are weakened. When + faith is lost, all virtues are lost—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + A precious crown is reserved in heaven for those who + perform all their actions with all the diligence of + which they are capable; for it is not sufficient to do + our part well; it must be done more than + well.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + Nothing created has ever been able to fill the heart of + man. God alone can fill it infinitely.—ST. THOMAS + AQUINAS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + We should only make use of life to grow in the love of + God.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + In vain men try. They can never find in creatures + sincere affection, perfect joy, or true + peace.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + God is supreme strength, fortifying those who place + their trust and confidence in Him.—ST. CATHERINE + OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + God gives each one of us sufficient grace ever to know + His holy will, and to do it fully.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + Shun useless conversation. We lose by it both time and + the spirit of devotion.—ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + The upright intention is the soul of our actions. It + gives them life and makes them good.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + The truth of faith alone, deeply graven in the soul, is + sufficient to encourage us to very perfect works; for + it strengthens man and increases his charity.—ST. + TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 31 + </p> + <p> + It is folly not to think of death. It is greater folly + to think of it, and not prepare for it.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="feb" id="feb">February</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE most perfect and meritorious + intention is that by which, in all our actions, we have + in view only the good pleasure of God and the + accomplishment of His holy will.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + Mary's sorrow was less when she saw her only Son + crucified, than it is now at the sight of men offending + Him by sin.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + There is nothing more unreasonable than to estimate our + worth by the opinion of others. Today they laud us to + the skies, to-morrow they will cover us with + ignominy.—VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + Act as if every day were the last of your life, and + each action the last you perform.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Perfection consists in renouncing ourselves, in + carrying our cross, and in following Jesus Christ. Now, + he who renounces himself most perfectly carries his + cross the best and follows nearest to Jesus Christ is + he who never does his own will, but always that of + God.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + That which would have easily been remedied at first, + becomes incurable by time and habit—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + Among the gifts of grace which the soul receives in + holy communion there is one that must be numbered among + the highest. It is, that holy communion does not permit + the soul to remain long in sin, nor to obstinately + persevere in it.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + Be assured that one great means to find favor when we + appear before God is to have pardoned the injuries we + have received here below.—VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + Woe to him who neglects to recommend himself to Mary, + and thus closes the channel of grace!—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + It is folly to leave your goods where you can never + return, and to send nothing to that place where you + must remain for ever.—VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + Discretion is necessary in spiritual life. It is its + part to restrain the exercises in the way of + perfection, so as to keep us between the two + extremes.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + By denying our self-love and our inclinations in little + things, we gradually acquire mortification and victory + over ourselves.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + Should we fall a thousand times in a day, a thousand + times we must rise again, always animated with + unbounded confidence in the infinite goodness of + God.—VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + God's way in dealing with those whom He intends to + admit soonest after this life into the possession of + His everlasting glory, is to purify them in this world + by the greatest afflictions and trials.—ST. + IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + After the flower comes the fruit: we receive, as the + reward of our fatigues, an increase of grace in this + world, and in the next the eternal vision of + God.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + God refuses no one the gift of prayer. By it we obtain + the help that we need to overcome disorderly desires + and temptations of all kinds.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + To establish ourselves in a virtue it is necessary to + form good and practical resolutions to perform certain + and determined acts of that virtue, and we must, + moreover, be faithful in executing them.—ST. + VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + Love ought to consist of deeds more than of + words.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + There are many things which seem to us misfortunes and + which we call such; but if we understood the designs of + God we would call them graces.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + Let us abandon everything to the merciful providence of + God.—BL. ALBERT THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + Jesus Christ, our great Model, suffered much for us; + let us bear our afflictions cheerfully, seeing that + through them we have the happiness of resembling + Him.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + Remember that virtue is a very high and rugged + mountain, difficult to ascend, and requiring much + fatigue and exertion before we arrive at the summit to + rest.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + Labor to conquer yourself. This victory will assure you + a brighter crown in heaven than they gain whose + disposition is more amiable.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + We should not examine articles of faith with a curious + and subtle spirit. It is sufficient for us to know that + the Church proposes them. We can never be deceived in + believing them.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + We should guard against jealousy, and even the + slightest sentiment thereof. This vice is absolutely + opposed to a pure and sincere zeal for the glory of + God, and is a certain proof of secret and subtle + pride.— ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + Charity requires us always to have compassion on human + infirmity.—ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + When one does not love prayer, it is morally impossible + for him to resist his passions.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + Docility and easy acquiescence with good advice are the + signs of a humble heart.—VEN. JULIENNE MOREL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + There is nothing richer, nothing surer, nothing more + agreeable than a good conscience.—BL. BARTHOLOMEW + OF MARTYRS. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="mar" id="mar">March</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>T SEEMS as if God granted to + other saints to free us from some particular + needfulness; but I know by experience that the glorious + St. Joseph assists us generally in all our + necessities.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + A most powerful and efficacious remedy for all evils, a + means of correcting all imperfections, of triumphing + over temptation, and preserving our hearts in an + undisturbed peace, is conformity with the will of + God.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + It often happens that when we take less care of our + body, we have better health than when we bestow upon it + too much care.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + Do nothing, say nothing before considering if that + which you are about to say or do is pleasing to God, + profitable to yourself, and edifying to your + neighbor.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Sometimes God leaves us for a long time unable to + effect any good, that we may learn to humble ourselves, + and never to glory in our efforts.— ST. VINCENT + FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + We easily lose peace of mind, because we make it + depend, not on the testimony of a good conscience, but + on the judgment of men.—BL. BARTHOLOMEW OF + MARTYRS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + You may fast regularly, give alms, and pray without + ceasing, but as long as you hate your brother, you will + not be numbered among the children of God.—VEN. + LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + He who at the hour of death finds himself protected by + St. Joseph, will certainly experience great + consolation.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + Take care that the worldling does not pursue with + greater zeal and anxiety the perishable goods of this + world than you do the eternal.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + We should consider our departed brethren as living + members of Jesus Christ, animated by His grace, and + certain of participating one day of His glory. We + should therefore love, serve, and assist them as far as + is in our power.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + Control thy senses, guard thy mouth, bridle thy tongue, + subjugate thy heart, bear all provocation with charity, + and thou shalt perfectly fulfil the will of + God.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + Our perfection consists in uniting our will so + intimately with God's will, that we will only desire + what He wills. He who conforms most perfectly to the + will of God will be the most perfect + Christian.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + Humility, modesty, sobriety, purity, piety, and + prudence, with meekness, ornament the soul, and make us + live on earth a truly angelic life.—BL. JORDAN OF + SAXONY. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + In recalling to mind the life and actions of the + saints, walk in their footsteps as much as possible, + and humble thyself if thou canst not attain to their + perfection.—ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + When the devil again tempts you to sin, telling you + that God is merciful, remember that the Lord showeth + mercy to them that fear Him, but not to them who + despise Him.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + In prayer we should particularly combat our predominant + passion or evil inclination. We should devote continual + attention to it, because when it is once conquered we + will easily obtain the victory over all our other + faults.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + I will carefully consider how, on the day of judgment, + I would wish to have discharged my office or my duty; + and the way I would wish to have done it then I shall + do now.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + It is well to deny ourselves that which is permitted, + in order to avoid more easily that which is + not.—ST. BENEDICT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + I have noticed that all persons who have true devotion + to St. Joseph and tender him special honor, are very + much advanced in virtue, for he takes great care of + souls who recommend themselves to him; and I have never + asked of him anything which he did not obtain for + me.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + He who forgets himself in the service of God may be + assured that God will not forget Him.—ST. + IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + Let all our actions be directed to the end that God may + be glorified in all things.—ST. BENEDICT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + He who suffers in patience, suffers less and saves his + soul. He who suffers impatiently, suffers more and + loses his soul.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + When we remember or hear that the enemies of the Church + burn and destroy God's temples, we should grieve + therefor; but we should also rejoice much when we see + new ones built, and we should co-operate in their + erection as much as we possibly can.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + We should carefully beware of giving ourselves so + completely to any employment as to forget to have + recourse to God from time to time.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + Our Lady, deign to intercede for us sinners with thy + divine Son, our Lord, and obtain of Him a blessing for + us in our trials and tribulations!—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + Whoever would follow Jesus Christ, must walk in His + footsteps, if he would not go astray.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + Let us thank God for having called us to His holy + faith. It is a great gift, and the number of those who + thank God for it is small.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + The trials of life cease to oppress us if we accept + them for the love of God.—VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + If you wish to take up your abode in the tabernacle of + the heavenly kingdom, you must reach there through your + good works, without which you can not hope to + enter.—ST. BENEDICT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + It is a great folly to be willing to violate the + friendship of God, rather than the law of human + friendship.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 31 + </p> + <p> + When the afflictions of this life overcome us, let us + encourage ourselves to bear them patiently by the hope + of heaven.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="apr" id="apr">April</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>O PUT into practice the + teachings of our holy faith, it is not enough to + convince ourselves that they are true; we must love + them. Love united to faith makes us practise our + religion.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + Unite all your works to the merits of Jesus Christ, and + then offer them up to the eternal Father if you desire + to make them pleasing to Him.— ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + God pardons sin; but He will not pardon the will to + sin.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + It is a fault, not a virtue, to wish your humility + recognized and applauded.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Before engaging in your private devotions, perform + those which obedience and your duty toward your + neighbor impose upon you in such a manner as to make an + abnegation of self.—VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + The world is full of inconstancy; its friendship ceases + the moment there is no advantage to be expected from + us.—BL. JOHN TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + There is nothing better to display the truth in an + excellent light, than a clear and simple statement of + facts.—ST. BENEDICT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + Be careful and do not lightly condemn the actions of + others. We must consider the intention of our neighbor, + which is often good and pure, although the act itself + seems blameworthy.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + He who does not overcome his predominant passion is in + great danger of being lost. He who does overcome it + will easily conquer all the rest.— ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + To conquer himself is the greatest victory that man can + gain.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + A soul which does not practise the exercise of prayer + is very like a paralyzed body which, though possessing + feet and hands, makes no use of them.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + When you do a good action, have the intention of first + pleasing God, and then of giving good example to your + neighbor.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + The grace of perseverance is the most important of all; + it crowns all other graces.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + Prayer is the only channel through which God's great + graces and favors may flow into the soul; and if this + be once closed, I know no other way He can communicate + them.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + To acquire courage it is very useful to read the lives + of the saints, especially of those who, after living in + sin, attained great sanctity.— ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + The truly humble reject all praise for themselves, and + refer it all to God.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + Prayer should be effective and practical, since it has + for its end the acquisition of solid virtue and the + mortification of the passions.—ST. VINCENT DE + PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + We do not keep an account of the graces which God has + given us, but God our Lord keeps an account of them. He + has fixed the measure thereof.— ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + The more guilty we are, the greater must be our + confidence in Mary. Therefore, courage, timid soul; let + Mary know all thy misery, and hasten with joy to the + throne of mercy.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + Evil is often more hurtful to the doer than to the one + against whom it is done.—ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + During life despise that which will avail you nothing + at the hour of death.—ST. ANSELM. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + He who fails to reflect before acting, walks with his + eyes shut and advances with danger. He also falls very + often, because the eye of reflection does not enable + him to see whither his footsteps lead.—ST. + GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + Sanctity and perfection consist not in fine words, but + in good actions.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + As patience leads to peace, and study to science, so + are humiliations the path that leads to + humility.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + Do not disturb yourself with vain curiosity concerning + the affairs of others, nor how they conduct themselves, + unless your position makes it your duty to do + so.—VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + The deceitful charms of prosperity destroy more souls + than all the scourges of adversity.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + The first degree of humility is the fear of God, which + we should constantly have before our eyes.—VEN. + LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + He who cheerfully endures contempt and is happy under + crosses and affliction, partakes of the humility and + sufferings of Our Lord.—ST. MECHTILDIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + He who is resigned to the divine will shall always + surmount the difficulties he meets with in the service + of God. The Lord will accomplish His designs concerning + him.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + Consent to suffer a slight temporary pain, that so thou + mayst avoid the eternal pains which sin + deserves.—ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="may" id="may">May</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">M</font>ARY was the most perfect among + the saints only because she was always perfectly united + to the will of God.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + After the love which we owe Jesus Christ, we must give + the chief place in our heart to the love of His Mother + Mary.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + When we feel our cross weighing upon us, let us have + recourse to Mary, whom the Church calls the "Consoler + of the Afflicted."—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + The devotions we practise in honor of the glorious + Virgin Mary, however trifling they be, are very + pleasing to her divine Son, and He rewards them with + eternal glory.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + There is nothing which is more profitable and more + consoling to the mind than to frequently remember the + Blessed Virgin.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + Blessed are the actions enclosed between two Hail + Marys.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + Let us consider what the glorious Virgin endured, and + what the holy apostles suffered, and we shall find that + they who were nearest to Jesus Christ were the most + afflicted.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + The servants of Mary who are in purgatory receive + visits and consolations from her.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + If you persevere until death in true devotion to Mary, + your salvation is certain.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + He who remembers having invoked the name of Mary in an + impure temptation, may be sure that he did not yield to + it.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + Mary being destined to negotiate peace between God and + man, it was not proper that she should be an accomplice + in the disobedience of Adam.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + Mary having co-operated in our redemption with so much + glory to God and so much love for us, Our Lord ordained + that no one shall obtain salvation except through her + intercession.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + He who wishes to find Jesus will do so only by having + recourse to Mary.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + Mary having always lived wholly detached from earthly + things and united with God, death, which united her + more closely to Him, was extremely sweet and agreeable + to her.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + Mary being in heaven nearer to God and more united to + Him, knows our miseries better, compassionates them + more, and can more efficaciously assist us.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + The Virgin Mother, all pure and all white, will make + her servants pure and white.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + To assure our salvation it does not suffice to call + ourselves children of Mary, therefore let us always + have the fear of God.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + Let us offer ourselves without delay and without + reserve to Mary, and beg her to offer us herself to + God.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + Such is the compassion, such the love which Mary bears + us, that she is never tired of praying for + us.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + O Queen of heaven and earth! The universe would perish + before thou couldst refuse aid to one who invokes thee + from the depth of his heart.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + O most blessed Virgin, who declarest in thy Canticle + that it is owing to thy humility that God hath done + great things in thee, obtain for me the grace to + imitate thee, that is, to be obedient; because to obey + is to practise humility.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + May the two names so sweet and so powerful, of Jesus + and Mary, be always in our hearts and on our + lips!—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + Whatsoever we do, we can never be true children of + Mary, unless we are humble.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + Let us highly esteem devotion to the Blessed Virgin, + and let us lose no opportunity of inspiring others with + it.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + As a mother feels no disgust in dressing the sores of + her child, so Mary, the heavenly infirmarian, never + refuses to care for sinners who have recourse to + her.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + Each of our days is marked with the protection of Mary, + who is exceedingly anxious to be our Mother, when we + desire to be her children.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + When the devil wishes to make himself master of a soul, + he seeks to make it give up devotion to Mary.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + Let us have recourse to Mary; for of all creatures she + is the highest, the purest, the most beautiful, and the + most loving.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + Let the name of Mary be ever on your lips, let it be + indelibly engraven on your heart. If you are under her + protection, you have nothing to fear; if she is + propitious, you will arrive at the port of + salvation.— ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + Know that of all devotions the most pleasing to Mary is + to have frequent recourse to her, asking for + favors.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 31 + </p> + <p> + Let the servants of Mary perform every day, and + especially on Saturday, some work of charity for her + sake.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="jun" id="jun">June</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">C</font>AN WE, amongst all hearts, find + one more amiable than that of Jesus? It is on His Heart + that God looks with special complacency—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + One must wage war against his predominant passion, and + not retreat, until, with God's help, he has been + victorious.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + An act of perfect conformity to the will of God unites + us more to Him than a hundred other acts of + virtue.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + The love of God inspires the love of our neighbor, and + the love of our neighbor serves to keep alive the love + of God.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Live always in the certainty that whatever happens to + you is the result of divine Providence; because nothing + hard or laborious falls to your lot without the Lord + permitting it.—VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + Whatsoever good work you undertake, pray earnestly to + God that He will enable you to bring it to a successful + termination.—ST. BENEDICT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + What is a fruitless repentance, defiled almost + immediately by new faults?—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + You propose to give up everything to God; be sure, + then, to include yourself among the things to be given + up.—ST. BENEDICT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + If you can find a place where God is not, go there and + sin with impunity.—ST. ANSELM. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + He can not err who is constantly with the visible Head + which Jesus Christ has left to His Church, as its + foundation, rule, teacher, and defender of the + Faith.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + The more numerous the gifts we have received from God, + the greater the account we must render to + Him.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + True penance consists in regretting without ceasing the + faults of the past, and in firmly resolving to never + again commit that which is so deplorable.—ST. + BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/sacredheart_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/sacredheart.jpg" alt= + "The Sacred Heart of Mary"></a><br> + THE SACRED HEART OF MARY + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + We are not raised the first day to the summit of + perfection. It is by climbing, not by flying, that we + arrive there.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + What we do for ourselves during life is more certain + than all the good we expect others to do for us after + death.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + Idleness begets a discontented life. It develops + self-love, which is the cause of all our misery, and + renders us unworthy to receive the favors of divine + love.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + Have death always before your eyes as a salutary means + of returning to God.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + If the devil tempts me by the thought of divine + justice, I think of God's mercy; if he tries to fill me + with presumption by the thought of His mercy, I think + of His justice.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + In time of temptation continue the good thou hast begun + before temptation.—ST. VINCENT FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + In the eyes of the sovereign Judge the merit of our + actions depends on the motives which prompted + them.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + The benefits to be derived from spiritual reading do + not merely consist in impressing on the memory the + precepts set forth, but in opening the heart to them, + that they may bear fruit.—VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + As clouds obscure the sun, so bad thoughts darken and + destroy the brightness of the soul.—VEN. LOUIS OF + GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + To judge rightly of the goodness and perfection of any + one's prayer, it is sufficient to know the disposition + he takes to it, and the fruits he reaps from + it.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + To commence many things and not to finish them is no + small fault; we must persevere in whatever we undertake + with upright intention and according to God's + will.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + The perfect champion is he who establishes complete + control over his mind by overcoming temptations and the + inclination of his nature to sin.—VEN. JOHN + TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + If the love of God is in your heart, you will + understand that to suffer for God is a joy to which all + earthly pleasures are not to be compared.—ST. + IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + The world around us is, as it were, a book written by + the finger of God; every creature is a word on the + page. We should apply ourselves well to understand the + signification of the volume.—VEN. BARTHOLOMEW OF + MARTYRS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + A man of prayer is capable of everything. He can say + with St. Paul, "I can do all things in Him who + strengthened me."—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + Whilst here below our actions can never be entirely + free from negligence, frailty, or defect; but we must + not throw away the wheat because of the + chaff.—VEN. JOHN TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + Strive always to preserve freedom of spirit, so that + you need do nothing with the view of pleasing the + world, and that no fear of displeasing it will have + power to shake your good resolutions.—VEN. LOUIS + DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + Wo to us poor sinners if we had not the Divine + Sacrifice to appease the Lord!—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="jul" id="jul">July</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OW few there are who avail + themselves of the precious blood of Jesus to purchase + their salvation!—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + O Queen of heaven and earth! Thou art the gate of mercy + ever open, never closed. The universe must perish + before he who invokes thee from his heart is refused + assistance.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + Our Faith will never be true unless it is united to + that of St. Peter and the Pontiff, his + successors.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + Short pleasures and long sufferings are all the world + can give.—VEN. JOHN TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Learn to be silent sometimes for the edification of + others, that you may learn how to speak + sometimes.—ST. VINCENT FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + Gratitude for graces received is a most efficacious + means of obtaining new ones.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + To a useless question we should answer only by + silence.—ST. VINCENT FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + We should not judge things by their exterior or + appearance, but consider what they are in the sight of + God, and whether they be according to His good + pleasure.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + Preserve purity of conscience with care, and never do + anything to sully it or render it less agreeable to + God.—ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + Give not thyself too much to any one. He who gives + himself too freely is generally the least + acceptable.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + Affliction strengthens the vigor of our soul, whereas + happiness weakens it.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + To acquire purity of the soul, it is necessary to guard + against passing judgment on our neighbor, or useless + remarks on his conduct.—ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + Turn away the eyes of thy body and those of thy mind + from seeing others, that thou mayest be able to + contemplate thyself.—ST. VINCENT FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + The brightest ornaments in the crown of the blessed in + heaven are the sufferings which they have borne + patiently on earth.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + We are not innocent before God if we punish that which + we should pardon, or pardon that which we should + punish.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + Is there any one in the world who has invoked thee, O + Mary, without having felt the benefit of thy + protection, which is promised to those who invoke thy + mercy?—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + It is the key of obedience that opens the door of + paradise. Jesus Christ has confided that key to His + vicar, the Pope, Christ on earth, whom all are obliged + to obey even unto death.—ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + It is true that God promises forgiveness if we repent, + but what assurance have we of obtaining it + to-morrow?—VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + We should offer ourselves and all we have to God, that + He may dispose of us according to His holy will, so + that we may be ever ready to leave all and embrace the + afflictions that come upon us.—ST. VINCENT DE + PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + No one has a right to mercy who can not himself show + mercy.—VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + We should reflect on all our actions, exterior and + interior, and before we commence, examine well if we + are able to finish them.—VEN. JOHN TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + The reason why the lukewarm run so great a risk of + being lost is because tepidity conceals from the soul + the immense evil which it causes.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + We should learn of Jesus Christ to be meek and humble + of heart, and ask Him unceasingly for these two + virtues. We ought, particularly, to avoid the two + contrary vices which would cause us to destroy with one + hand what we seek to raise with the other.—ST. + VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + The sufferings endured for God are the greatest proof + of our love for Him.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + It is in vain that we cut off the branches of evil, if + we leave intact the root, which continually produces + new ones.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + How little is required to be a saint! It suffices to do + in all things the will of God.—ST. VINCENT DE + PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + Wouldst thou know what thou art? Thou art that to which + thy heart turns the most frequently.—VEN. + BARTHOLOMEW OF MARTYRS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + When you covet that which delights you, think not only + of the sweet moments of enjoyment, but of the long + season of regret which must follow.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + They who voluntarily commit sin show a contempt for + life eternal, since they willingly risk the loss of + their soul.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + It suffices not to perform good works; we must do them + well, in imitation of Our Lord Jesus Christ, of whom it + is written, "He doeth all things well."—ST. + VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 31 + </p> + <p> + Put not off till to-morrow what you can do + today.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="aug" id="aug">August</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">C</font>HRIST Himself guides the bark + of Peter. For this reason it can not perish, although + He sometimes seems to sleep.—ST. ANTONINUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + Prayer teaches us the need of laying before God all our + necessities, of corresponding with His grace, of + banishing vice from our heart and of establishing + virtue in it.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + Take this to heart: Owe no man anything. So shalt thou + secure a peaceful sleep, an easy conscience, a life + without inquietude, and a death without + alarm.—VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + If you would know whether you have made a good + confession, ask yourself if you have resolved to + abandon your sins.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + He who does that which is displeasing to himself has + discovered the secret of pleasing God.—ST. + ANSELM. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + An ordinary action, performed through obedience and + love of God, is more meritorious than extraordinary + works done on your own authority—VEN. LOUIS DE + BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + Vigilance is rendered necessary and indispensable, not + only by the dangers that surround us, but by the + delicacy, the extreme difficulty of the work we all + have to engage in the work of our salvation.—VEN. + LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + Among the different means that we have of pleasing God + in all that we do, one of the most efficacious is to + perform each of our actions as though it were to be the + last of our life.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + I have to seek only the glory of God, my own + sanctification, and the salvation of my neighbor. I + should therefore devote myself to these things, if + necessary, at the peril of my life.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + Idleness is hell's fishhook for catching + souls.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + Whoever imagines himself without defect has an excess + of pride. God alone is perfect.—ST. ANTONINUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + As we take the bitterest medicine to recover or + preserve the health of the body, we should cheerfully + endure sufferings, however repugnant to nature, and + consider them efficacious remedies which God employs to + purify the soul and conduct it to the perfection to + which He called it.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + To give up prayer because we are often distracted at it + is to allow the devil to gain his cause.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + Curb the desire of display, and do nothing from human + respect.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + O Mary, vessel of purest gold, ornamented with pearls + and sapphires, filled with grace and virtue, thou art + the dearest of all creatures to the eyes of eternal + Wisdom.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + We must be careful not to omit our prayers, confession, + communion, and other exercises of piety, even when we + find no consolation in them.—ST. VINCENT FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + Let us leave to God and to truth the care of our + justification, without trying to excuse ourselves, and + peace will truly spring up within us.— VEN. JOHN + TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + Read good and useful books, and abstain from reading + those that only gratify curiosity.—ST. VINCENT DE + PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + So great is the goodness of God in your regard, that + when you ask through ignorance for that which is not + beneficial, He does not grant your prayer in this + matter, but gives you something better + instead.—ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + Men can use no better arms to drive away the devil, + than prayer and the sign of the cross.—ST. + TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + He who knows well how to practise the exercise of the + presence of God, and who is faithful in following the + attraction of this divine virtue, will soon attain a + very high degree of perfection.—ST. VINCENT DE + PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + One of the most admirable effects of holy communion is + to preserve the soul from sin, and to help those who + fall through weakness to rise again. It is much more + profitable, then, to approach this divine Sacrament + with love, respect, and confidence, than to remain away + through an excess of fear and scrupulosity.—ST. + IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + Let us remember that every act of mortification is a + work for heaven. This thought will make all suffering + and weariness sweet.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + Correction should be given calmly and with discernment, + at seasonable times, according to the dictates of + reason, and not at the impulse of anger.—VEN. + LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + There is nothing more certain, nothing more agreeable, + nothing richer than a good conscience.—VEN. + BARTHOLOMEW OF MARTYRS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + God, to procure His glory, sometimes permits that we + should be dishonored and persecuted without reason. He + wishes thereby to render us conformable to His Son, who + was calumniated and treated as a seducer, as an + ambitious man, and as one possessed.—ST. VINCENT + DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + All that God gives us and all that He permits in this + world have no other end than to sanctify us in + Him.—ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + If you can not mortify your body by actual penance, + abstain at least from some lawful pleasure.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + One whose heart is embittered can do nothing but + contend and contradict, finding something to oppose in + every remark.—VEN. JULIENNE MOREL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + Without prayer we have neither light nor strength to + advance in the way which leads to God.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 31 + </p> + <p> + I have never gone out to mingle with the world without + losing something of myself.—BL. ALBERT THE GREAT. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="sep" id="sep">September</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>E who perseveres with constancy + and fervor will, without fail, raise himself to a high + degree of perfection.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + An upright intention is the soul of our actions. It + gives them life, and makes them good.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + You wish to reform the world: reform yourself, + otherwise your efforts will be in vain.—ST. + IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + Let all thy care be to possess thy soul in peace and + tranquillity. Let no accident be to thee a cause of + ill-humor.—ST. VINCENT FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Humility is a fortified town; it repels all attacks. + The sight of it obliges the enemy to turn and + flee.—VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + The world is deceitful and inconstant. When fortune + forsakes us, friendship takes flight.—BL. HENRY + SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + Perform all your actions in union with the pure + intention and perfect love with which Our Lord did all + things for the glory of God and the salvation of the + world.—ST. MECHTILDIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + An air of meekness and a modest speech are pleasing + alike to God and men.—VEN. JOHN TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + The saints owed to their confidence in God that + unalterable tranquillity of soul, which procured their + perpetual joy and peace, even in the midst of + adversities.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + Look not to the qualities thou mayest possess, which + are wanting to others; but look to those which others + possess and which are wanting to thee, that thou mayest + acquire them.—VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + Your heart is not so narrow that the world can satisfy + it entirely; nothing but God can fill it.—ST. + IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + If you wish to raise a lofty edifice of perfection, + take humility for a foundation.—ST. THOMAS + AQUINAS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + It ordinarily happens that God permits those who judge + others, to fall into the same or even greater + faults.—ST. VINCENT FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + Raise thy heart and thy love toward the sweet and most + holy cross, which soothes every pain!—ST. + CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + Often read spiritual books; then, like a sheep, + ruminate the food thou hast taken, by meditation and a + desire to practise the holy doctrine found + therein.—ST. ANTONINUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + Love others much, but visit them seldom.—ST. + CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + God sends us trials and afflictions to exercise us in + patience and teach us sympathy with the sorrows of + others.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + Armed with prayer, the saints sustained a glorious + warfare and vanquished all their enemies. By prayer, + also, they appeased the wrath of God, and obtained from + Him all they desired.—VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + All souls in hell are there because they did not pray. + All the saints sanctified themselves by + prayer.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + The thought of the presence of God renders us familiar + with the practice of doing in all things His holy + will.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + If we consider the number and excellence of the virtues + practised by the saints, we must feel the inefficiency + and imperfection of our actions.— ST. VINCENT + FERRER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + Prayer without fervor has not sufficient strength to + rise to heaven.— ST. BERNARD. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + The path of virtue is painful to nature when left to + itself; but nature, assisted by grace, finds it easy + and agreeable.—VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + Always give the preference to actions which appear to + you the most agreeable to God, and most contrary to + self-love.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + As the branch separated from the roots soon loses all + life and verdure, so it is with good works which are + not united with charity.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + We should constantly thank the Lord for having granted + us the gift of the true faith, by associating us with + the children of the holy Catholic Church.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + We should not spare expense, fatigue, nor even our + life, when there is a question of accomplishing the + holy will of God.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + Some are unable to fast or give alms; there are none + who can not pray.— ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + We meet with contradictions everywhere. If only two + persons are together they mutually afford each other + opportunities of exercising patience, and even when one + is alone there will still be a necessity for this + virtue, so true it is that our miserable life is full + of crosses.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + We should bear our sufferings in expiation for our + sins, to merit heaven, and to please God.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="oct" id="oct">October</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">A</font>LWAYS give good example: teach + virtue by word and deed. Example is more powerful than + discourse.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + If thou wouldst glory, let it be in the Lord, by + referring everything to Him, and giving to Him all the + honor and glory.—VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + There is nothing more holy, more eminently perfect, + than resignation to the will of God, which confirms us + in an entire detachment from ourselves, and a perfect + indifference for every condition in which we may be + placed.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + Prayer consists not in many words, but in the fervor of + desire, which raises the soul to God by the knowledge + of its own nothingness and the divine + goodness.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Let us make up for lost time. Let us give to God the + time that remains to us.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + When thou feelest thyself excited, shut thy mouth and + chain thy tongue.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + If it was necessary that Christ should suffer and so + enter by the cross into the kingdom of His Father, no + friend of God should shrink from suffering.—VEN. + JOHN TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + We should grieve to see no account made of time, which + is so precious; to see it employed so badly, so + uselessly, for it can never be recalled.—BL. + HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + Every time that some unexpected event befalls us, be it + affliction, or be it spiritual or corporal consolation, + we should endeavor to receive it with equanimity of + spirit, since all comes from the hand of God.—ST. + VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + There are some who sin through frailty, or through the + force of some violent passion. They desire to break + these chains of death; if their prayer is constant they + will be heard.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + "Thy will be done!" This is what the saints had + continually on their lips and in their + hearts.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + He who would be a disciple of Jesus Christ must live in + sufferings; for "The servant is not greater than the + Master."—VEN. JOHN TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + He who submits himself to God in all things is certain + that whatever men say or do against him will always + turn to his advantage.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + If he be blind who refuses to believe in the truths of + the Catholic faith, how much blinder is he who + believes, and yet lives as if he did not + believe!—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + There is no affliction, trial, or labor difficult to + endure, when we consider the torments and sufferings + which Our Lord Jesus Christ endured for us.—ST. + TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + Outside of God nothing is durable. We exchange life for + death, health for sickness, honor for shame, riches for + poverty. All things change and pass away.—ST. + CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + If you would keep yourself pure, shun dangerous + occasions. Do not trust your own strength. In this + matter we can not take too much precaution.— ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + After knowing the will of God in regard to a work which + we undertake, we should continue courageously, however + difficult it may be. We should follow it to the end + with as much constancy as the obstacles we encounter + are great.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + In your prayers, if you would quickly and surely draw + upon you the grace of God, pray in a special manner for + our Holy Church and all those connected with + it.—VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + Prayer is our principal weapon. By it we obtain of God + the victory over our evil inclinations, and over all + temptations of hell.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + We should never abandon, on account of the difficulties + we encounter, an enterprise undertaken with due + reflection.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + Being all members of the same body, with the same head, + who is Christ, it is proper that we should have in + common the same joys and sorrows.— VEN. LOUIS DE + GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + We should be cordial and affable with the poor, and + with persons in humble circumstances. We should not + treat them in a supercilious manner. Haughtiness makes + them revolt. On the contrary, when we are affable with + them, they become more docile and derive more benefit + from the advice they receive.—ST. VINCENT DE + PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + Let not confusion for thy fault overwhelm thee with + despair, as if there were no longer a remedy.—ST. + CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + As all our wickedness consists in turning away from our + Creator, so all our goodness consists in uniting + ourselves with Him.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + That which we suffer in the accomplishment of a good + work, merits for us the necessary graces to insure its + success.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + We ought to have a special devotion to those saints who + excelled in humility, particularly to the Blessed + Virgin Mary, who declares that the Lord regarded her on + account of her humility.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + He who wishes to find Jesus should seek Him, not in the + delights and pleasures of the world, but in + mortification of the senses.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + Let us not despise, judge, or condemn any one but + ourselves; then our cross will bloom and bear + fruit.—VEN. JOHN TAULER. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + It is rarely that we fall into error if we are humble + and trust to the wisdom of others, in preference to our + own judgment.—VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 31 + </p> + <p> + The best of all prayers is that in which we ask that + God's holy will be accomplished, both in ourselves and + in others.—VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="nov" id="nov">November</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>E SHOULD honor God in His + saints, and beseech Him to make us partakers of the + graces He poured so abundantly upon them.—ST. + VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + We may have a confident hope of our salvation when we + apply ourselves to relieve the souls in purgatory, so + afflicted and so dear to God.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + The example of the saints is proposed to every one, so + that the great actions shown us may encourage us to + undertake smaller things.—VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + Let us read the lives of the saints; let us consider + the penances which they performed, and blush to be so + effeminate and so fearful of mortifying our + flesh.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + The greatest pain which the holy souls suffer in + purgatory proceeds from their desire to possess God. + This suffering especially afflicts those who in life + had but a feeble desire of heaven.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + Death is welcome to one who has always feared God and + faithfully served Him.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + True humility consists in being content with all that + God is pleased to ordain for us, believing ourselves + unworthy to be called His servants.— ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + The best preparation for death is a perfect resignation + to the will of God, after the example of Jesus Christ, + who, in His prayer in Gethsemani prepared Himself with + these words, "Father, not as I will, but as Thou + wilt."—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + The errors of others should serve to keep us from + adding any of our own to them.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + There is more security in self-denial, mortification, + and other like virtues, than in an abundance of + tears.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + A resolute will triumphs over everything with the help + of God, which is never wanting.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + If humble souls are contradicted, they remain calm; if + they are calumniated, they suffer with patience; if + they are little esteemed, neglected, or forgotten, they + consider that their due; if they are weighed down with + occupations, they perform them cheerfully.—ST. + VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + When we have to reply to some one who speaks harshly to + us, we must always do it with gentleness. If we are + angry, it is better to keep silence.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + The two principal dispositions which we should bring to + holy communion are detachment from creatures, and the + desire to receive Our Lord with a view to loving Him + more in the future.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + In doing penance it is necessary to deprive oneself of + as many lawful pleasures as we had the misfortune to + indulge in unlawful ones.—ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + In raising human nature to heaven by His ascension, + Christ has given us the hope of arriving thither + ourselves.—ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + It is useless to subdue the flesh by abstinence, unless + one gives up his irregular life, and abandons vices + which defile his soul.—ST. BENEDICT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + No prayers are so acceptable to God as those which we + offer Him after communion.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + It avails nothing to subdue the body, if the mind + allows itself to be controlled by anger.—ST. + GREGORY THE GREAT. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + What is it that renders death terrible? Sin. We must + therefore fear sin, not death.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + The Blessed Virgin is of all the works of the Creator + the most excellent, and to find anything in nature more + grand one must go to the Author of nature + Himself.—ST. PETER DAMIAN. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + If we would advance in virtue, we must not neglect + little things, for they pave the way to + greater.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + When one has fallen into some fault, what better remedy + can there be than to have immediate recourse to the + Most Blessed Sacrament?—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + Afflictions are the most certain proofs that God can + give us of His love for us.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + Is it not a great cruelty for us Christians, members of + the body of the Holy Church, to attack one + another?—ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + The Church is the pillar and ground of truth, and her + infallibility admits of no doubt.—VEN. LOUIS DE + GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + He who truly loves his neighbor and can not + efficaciously assist him, should strive at least to + relieve and help him by his prayers.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + We should blush for shame to show so much resentment at + what is done or said against us, knowing that so many + injuries and affronts have been offered to our Redeemer + and the saints.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + The reason why so many souls who apply themselves to + prayer are not inflamed with God's love is, that they + neglect to carefully prepare themselves for + it.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + It is absolutely necessary, both for our advancement + and the salvation of others, to follow always and in + all things the beautiful light of faith.—ST. + VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="dec" id="dec">December</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + 1 + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">I</font>F WE consider all that is + imperfect and worldly in us, we shall find ample reason + for abasing ourselves before God and man, before + ourselves and our inferiors.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 2 + </p> + <p> + No one should think or say anything of another which he + would not wish thought or said of himself.—ST. + TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 3 + </p> + <p> + We should study the interests of others as our own, and + be careful to act on all occasions with uprightness and + loyalty.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 4 + </p> + <p> + It is God Himself who receives what we give in charity, + and is it not an incomparable happiness to give Him + what belongs to Him, and what we have received from His + goodness alone?—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 5 + </p> + <p> + Let your constant practice be to offer yourself to God, + that He may do with you what He pleases.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 6 + </p> + <p> + It is not enough to forbid our own tongue to murmur; we + must also refuse to listen to murmurers.—VEN. + LOUIS DE GRANADA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 7 + </p> + <p> + We can obtain no reward without merit, and no merit + without patience.— ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 8 + </p> + <p> + No harp sends forth such sweet harmonies as are + produced in the afflicted heart by the holy name of + Mary. Let us kneel to reverence this holy, this sublime + name of Mary!—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 9 + </p> + <p> + The life of a true Christian should be such that he + fears neither death nor any event of his life, but + endures and submits to all things with a good + heart.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 10 + </p> + <p> + We should abandon ourselves entirely into the hands of + God, and believe that His providence disposes + everything that He wishes or permits to happen to us + for our greater good.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 11 + </p> + <p> + Regulate and direct all your actions to God, offering + them to Him and beseeching Him to grant that they be + for His honor and glory.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/most_pure_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/most_pure.jpg" alt= + "Hail, Virgin Most Pure!"></a><br> + HAIL, VIRGIN MOST PURE! + </p> + <p align="center"> + 12 + </p> + <p> + Conformity to the will of God is an easy and certain + means of acquiring a great treasure of graces in this + life.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 13 + </p> + <p> + Do not consider what others do, or how they do it; for + there are but few who really work for their own + sanctification.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 14 + </p> + <p> + To-day God invites you to do good; do it therefore + to-day. To-morrow you may not have time, or God may no + longer call you to do it.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 15 + </p> + <p> + To advance in the way of perfection it does not suffice + to say a number of weak prayers; our principal care + should be to acquire solid virtues.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 16 + </p> + <p> + Humility is the virtue of Our Lord Jesus Christ, of His + blessed Mother, and of the greatest saints. It embraces + all virtues and, where it is sincere, introduces them + into the soul.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 17 + </p> + <p> + It will be a great consolation for us at the hour of + death to know that we are to be judged by Him whom we + have loved above all things during life.—ST. + TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 18 + </p> + <p> + Humble submission and obedience to the decrees of the + Sovereign Pontiffs are good means for distinguishing + the loyal from the rebellious children of the + Church.—ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 19 + </p> + <p> + The devil attacks us at the time of prayer more + frequently than at other times. His object is to make + us weary of prayer.—BL. HENRY SUSO. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 20 + </p> + <p> + It is an act as rare as it is precious, to transact + business with many people, without ever forgetting God + or oneself.—ST. IGNATIUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 21 + </p> + <p> + God is our light. The farther the soul strays away from + God, the deeper it goes into darkness.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 22 + </p> + <p> + True Christian prudence makes us submit our intellect + to the maxims of the Gospel without fear of being + deceived. It teaches us to judge things as Jesus Christ + judged them, and to speak and act as He did.—ST. + VINCENT DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 23 + </p> + <p> + Remember that men change easily, and that you can not + place your trust in them; therefore attach yourself to + God alone.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 24 + </p> + <p> + If we secretly feel a desire to appear greater or + better than others, we must repress it at + once.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 25 + </p> + <p> + The King of heaven deigned to be born in a stable, + because He came to destroy pride, the cause of man's + ruin.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 26 + </p> + <p> + To save our souls we must live according to the maxims + of the Gospel, and not according to those of the + world.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 27 + </p> + <p> + Be gentle and kind with every one, and severe with + yourself.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 28 + </p> + <p> + If you wish to be pleasing to God and happy here below, + be in all things united to His will.—ST. + ALPHONSUS. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 29 + </p> + <p> + In proportion as the love of God increases in our soul, + so does also the love of suffering.—ST. VINCENT + DE PAUL. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 30 + </p> + <p> + He who keeps steadily on without pausing, will reach + the end of his path and the summit of + perfection.—ST. TERESA. + </p> + <p align="center"> + 31 + </p> + <p> + The past is no longer yours; the future is not yet in + your power. You have only the present wherein to do + good.—ST. ALPHONSUS. + </p><br> + <br> + <br> + <h1> + PART VII + </h1> + <h2> + Reasonableness of Catholic Ceremonies and Practices + </h2><br> + <br> + <h2> + "Let the children of Israel make the Phase in due time + . . . according to all the ceremonies thereof" + (<i>Num.</i> ix 2, 3). + </h2><br> + <br> + <h1> + Reasonableness of Catholic Ceremonies and Practices + </h1> + <h2> + "The priest shall be vested with the tunic" + (<i>Lev.</i> vi. 10). + </h2> + <h2> + "And he made, of violet and purple, scarlet and fine + linen, the vestments for Aaron to wear when he + ministered in the holy places, as the Lord commanded + Moses" (<i>Ex.</i> xxxix. 1). + </h2> + <h2> + "In every place there is sacrifice and there is offered + to My name a clean offering" (<i>Malach.</i> i. 11). + </h2> + <h2> + "And another Angel came and stood before the altar, + having a golden censer: and there was given to him much + incense, that he should offer of the prayers of all + saints upon the golden altar, which is before the + throne of God" (<i>Apoc.</i> viii. 3). + </h2><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="ceremonies" id="ceremonies">The Ceremonies of + the Catholic Church</a> + </h1> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE Catholic Church in the + celebration of Mass and in the administration of the + sacraments employs certain forms and rites. These are + called ceremonies. By these ceremonies the Church + wishes to appeal to the heart as well as to the + intellect, and to impress the faithful with sentiments + of faith and piety. + </p> + <p> + What is more capable of raising the heart and mind of + man to God than a priest celebrating Mass? What more + inspiring than some of our sacred music? + </p> + <p> + How beneficial and how lasting the impression formed by + the ceremonies of the Church, the following incident + will show: + </p> + <p> + One of our missionaries once went to visit a tribe of + Indians who had been deprived of a priest for nearly + half a century. After traveling through the forest for + some days he came near their village. + </p> + <p> + 'Twas Sunday morning. Suddenly the silence was broken + by a number of voices singing in unison. He stopped to + listen. To his great astonishment he distinguished the + music of a Mass, and of Catholic hymns well known to + him. + </p> + <p> + What could be more touching than this simple, savage + people endeavoring to celebrate the Lord's Day as they + had been taught by the priest fifty years before? What + more elevating than those sacred songs—the + <i>Stabat Mater</i>, the <i>O Salutaris</i>, or the + <i>Te Deum</i>—uttered by pious lips and + resounding through the forest primeval? What better + evidence could we have of the beneficial effects of our + ceremonies in raising the heart to God? + </p> + <p> + And yet few things connected with our holy religion + have been more frequently subjected to ridicule than + her ceremonies. People scoff at them, laugh at them, + call them foolish and unreasonable. Those people do not + stop to consider that by doing so they, themselves, are + acting most unreasonably. For no reasonable person, no + judge, will condemn another without hearing both sides + of the question. + </p> + <p> + These wiseacres, however, flatter themselves that they + know all about the Catholic Church and her ceremonies + without hearing her side of the case. Hence the + misunderstandings and misrepresentations regarding her + that exist among well-meaning people. + </p> + <p> + If people would but learn to speak about that which + they knew and understood; if they would accord to the + Catholic Church the same treatment as to other + institutions; if they would examine both sides of the + question before criticising and ridiculing her + teachings and her ceremonies; if they would but treat + her with that openness, that fairness, that candor, + that honesty characteristic of the American citizen + when dealing with other questions—what a vast + amount of ignorance, of prejudice, of sin would be + avoided! + </p> + <p> + We claim that ceremonies used in the worship of God are + reasonable, because they were sanctioned by God in the + Old Testament and by Jesus Christ and His apostles in + the New Law. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="ceremony_1" id="ceremony_1">I.</a> Ceremonies + Necessary to Divine Worship + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE angels are pure spirits. + They have no body. Consequently the worship they render + God is spiritual, interior. + </p> + <p> + The heavenly bodies are not spiritual, but entirely + material substances. They render God a sort of external + worship according to the words of the prophet Daniel, + "Sun and moon bless the Lord, . . . stars of heaven + bless the Lord. Praise and exalt Him forever." Man has + a soul, a spiritual substance similar to the heavenly + bodies. He should, therefore, honor God by the twofold + form of worship, interior and exterior. + </p> + <p> + "God is a spirit; and they that adore Him must adore + Him in spirit and in truth" (<i>John</i> iv. 24). + </p> + <p> + From these words of the beloved disciple we are not to + conclude that interior worship is prescribed as the + only essential, and exterior worship condemned. True + piety must manifest itself externally. Man naturally + manifests his feelings by outward signs and ceremonies. + </p> + <p> + The Catholic Church recognizes that man has a heart to + be moved as well as an intellect to be enlightened. She + enlightens the intellect by her good books, sermons, + etc.; and she moves the heart by the grandeur of her + ceremonies. + </p> + <p> + If any one doubts that God considers ceremonies + necessary to divine worship, let him read the books of + Leviticus and Exodus. Almost the whole of these books + treats of the rites and ceremonies used by the then + chosen people of God in their public worship. + </p> + <p> + The 26th, 27th, and 28th chapters of Exodus prescribe + the form of the tabernacle and its appurtenances, the + size of the altar and the oil for the lamps, and the + holy vestments which Aaron and his sons were to wear + during the performance of the public ceremonies. + </p> + <p> + The book of Leviticus treats more particularly of the + sacrifices, rites, and ceremonies of the priests and + Levites. + </p> + <p> + "And the Lord called Moses, and spoke to him from the + tabernacle of the testimony, saying: Speak to the + children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: The man + among you that shall offer to the Lord a sacrifice of + the cattle, that is, offering victims of oxen and + sheep, if his offering be a holocaust and of the herd, + he shall offer a male, without blemish, at the door of + the tabernacle of the testimony, to make the Lord + favorable to him. And he shall put his hand upon the + head of the victim, and it shall be acceptable and help + to his expiation" (<i>Lev.</i> i. 1 <i>et seq.</i>). + </p> + <p> + After enumerating all the sacrifices and ceremonies, + the sacred writer closes the book of Leviticus with the + words, "These are the precepts which the Lord commanded + Moses for the children of Israel in Mount Sinai," thus + showing that He considers ceremonies necessary to + divine worship. + </p> + <p> + The religion instituted by Our Lord and Saviour Jesus + Christ is more spiritual than that of the Old Law. + Nevertheless He did not discard ceremonies. In the + Garden of Gethsemani He fell upon His knees in humble + supplication. He went in procession to Jerusalem + preceded by a great multitude strewing palm-branches on + the road and singing, "Hosanna to the Son of David." + Before He cured the deaf and dumb man, He put His + fingers into his ears and touched his tongue with + spittle, and looking up to heaven He groaned and said, + "Ephpheta," which is, "Be thou opened." + </p> + <p> + At the Last Supper He invoked a blessing on the bread + and wine, and after the supper He chanted a hymn with + His disciples—ceremonies similar to those used in + the Mass. When He imparted the Holy Ghost to His + apostles, He breathed upon them. In a similar way they + and their successors communicated the Holy Ghost upon + others by breathing upon them, laying their hands upon + them and praying over them, when conferring the + sacrament of Holy Orders. + </p> + <p> + St. James directs that if any man is sick he shall call + in a priest of the Church, who shall anoint him with + oil, as is done in the sacrament of Extreme Unction. + </p> + <p> + We must, therefore, admit that ceremonies used in the + worship of God are reasonable, since they are + sanctioned by God in the Old Law and by Jesus Christ + and His apostles in the New Testament. + </p> + <p> + All these acts of Our Saviour—the prostration in + the Garden, the procession to Jerusalem, the touching + of the deaf man's ears, the chanting of the hymn, the + laying on of hands, the anointing of the sick—are + but so many ceremonies serving as models of the + ceremonies used by the Catholic Church in her public + worship and in the administration of her sacraments. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="ceremony_2" id="ceremony_2">II. Vestments Used + by the Priest at Mass</a> + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>EFORE entering upon an + explanation of the ceremonies of the Mass, which is our + principal act of public worship, let us examine the + meaning of the vestments worn by the priest during the + celebration of that august sacrifice. First, it is well + to remember that these vestments come down to us from + the time of the apostles, and have the weight of + antiquity hanging upon them. Hence, if they did not + demand our respect as memorials of Christ, they are at + least deserving of attention on account of their + antiquity. + </p> + <p> + The 28th chapter of Exodus tells us the sacred + vestments God wished the priests of the Old Law to wear + during the public worship. "And these shall be the + vestments which they shall make: a rational and an + ephod, a tunic and a straight linen garment, a mitre + and a girdle. They shall make the holy vestments for + thy brother Aaron and his sons, that they may do the + office of priesthood unto Me." As God in the Old Law + prescribed vestments for the priests, so the Church, + guided by God, prescribes sacred vestments to be worn + by the priest of the New Law while engaged in the + sacred mysteries. + </p> + <p> + The long black garment which the priest wears around + the church in all the sacred functions is called a + <i>cassock</i>. Kings and officers of the army wear a + special uniform when performing their public duties; + priests wear <i>cassocks</i> and other special garments + when performing their public duties. These vestments + are used to excite the minds of the faithful to the + contemplation of heavenly things. + </p> + <p> + Who, for example, can behold the cross on the chasuble + the priest wears without thinking of all Christ + suffered for us on the cross? As the priest in + celebrating Mass represents the person of Christ, and + the Mass represents His passion, the vestments he wears + represent those with which Christ was clothed at the + time of the passion. + </p> + <p> + The first vestment the priest puts on over the + <i>cassock</i> is called an <i>amice</i>. It is made of + linen, and reminds us of the veil that covered the face + of Jesus when His persecutors struck Him. (<i>Luke</i> + xxii. 64.) + </p> + <p> + When the priest puts on the <i>amice</i> he first + places it on his head, thus recalling to mind the crown + of thorns that pierced the head of Jesus. + </p> + <p> + The <i>alb</i> (from <i>albus</i>, white) represents + the white garment with which Christ was vested by Herod + when sent back to Pilate dressed as a fool. + (<i>Luke</i> xxii. 11.) + </p> + <p> + White is emblematic of purity. Hence the wearer is + reminded of that purity of mind and body which he + should have who serves the altar of the Most High. + </p> + <p> + The <i>cincture</i>, or girdle, as well as the + <i>maniple</i> and <i>stole</i>, represent the cords + and bands with which Christ was bound in the different + stages of His passion. St. Matthew says in the 22d + verse of the 27th chapter, "They brought Him + <i>bound</i> and delivered Him to Pontius Pilate, the + governor." + </p> + <p> + The <i>chasuble</i>, or outer vestment the priest + wears, represents the purple garment with which Christ + was clothed as a mock king. "And they clothed Him with + purple" (<i>Mark</i> xv. 17). Upon the back of the + <i>chasuble</i> you see a cross. This represents the + cross Christ bore on His sacred shoulders to Calvary, + and upon which He was crucified. + </p> + <p> + In these vestments, that is, in the <i>chasuble</i>, + <i>stole</i>, and <i>maniple</i>, the Church uses five + colors—white, red, purple, green, and black. + </p> + <p> + White, which is symbolic of purity and innocence, is + used on the feasts of Our Lord, of the Blessed Virgin, + of the angels, and of the saints that were not martyrs. + </p> + <p> + Red, the symbol of fortitude, is used on the feast of + Pentecost, of the Exaltation of the Cross, of the + apostles and martyrs. + </p> + <p> + Purple, or violet (the color of penance), is used in + Advent and Lent. + </p> + <p> + Green (the color of hope) is used on all Sundays when + no special feast is celebrated, except the Sundays of + Lent and Advent. + </p> + <p> + Black (the color of mourning) is used on Good Friday + and during the celebration of Mass for the dead. + </p> + <p> + Thus we see that each vestment and color used has a + special significance. + </p> + <p> + All are calculated to attract our attention, elevate + our minds to God, and fill us with a desire to do + something for Him Who has done so much for us—to + at least keep His commandments. + </p> + <p> + One word about the use of Latin in the celebration of + Mass will perhaps be appropriate here. History tells us + that when Christianity was established the Roman Empire + had control of nearly all of Europe, Asia, and Africa. + Wherever the Roman flag floated to the breeze the Latin + language was spoken, just as English is spoken where + the sovereign of Great Britain or the President of the + United States holds sway. The Church naturally adopted + in her liturgy the language spoken by the people. + </p> + <p> + In the beginning of the fifth century vast hordes of + barbarians began to come from the north of Europe and + spread desolation over the fairest portions of the + Roman Empire. Soon the Empire was broken up. New + kingdoms began to be formed, new languages to be + developed. The Latin finally ceased to be a living + language. The Church retained it in her liturgy, 1st, + because, as her doctrine and liturgy are unchangeable, + she wishes the language of her doctrine and liturgy to + be unchangeable; 2d, because, as the Church is spread + over the whole world, embracing in her fold children of + all climes, nations, and languages—as she is + universal—she must have a universal language; 3d, + because the Catholic clergy are in constant + communication with the Holy See, and this requires a + uniform language. + </p> + <p> + Besides, when a priest says Mass the people, by their + English Missals or other prayer-books, are able to + follow him from beginning to end. + </p> + <p> + The Mass is a sacrifice. The prayers of the Mass are + offered to God. Hence when the priest says Mass he is + speaking not to the people, but to God, to whom all + languages are equally intelligible. Are not these + sufficient reasons for the use of the Latin language? + Are not good Catholics more attentive, more devout at + Mass than others at their prayer-meetings? The good + Catholic knows that the Mass represents the passion and + death of Christ; that the passion and death of Christ + are the sinner's only refuge, the just man's only hope; + that it can not but be good and wholesome to turn our + minds and our hearts toward this subject; that frequent + meditation on Christ's passion will move us to avoid + sin, which caused it; and that nothing can more + efficaciously cause us to think of Christ's passion and + death than the holy sacrifice of the Mass. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="ceremony_3" id="ceremony_3">III. Ceremonies of + the Mass</a> + </h2> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE Mass is the great sacrifice + of the New Law. It was foreshadowed by all the + sacrifices ordained by God in the Old Law. They were + shadows; it is the substance. + </p> + <p> + We learn from Genesis of the fall of man. Universal + tradition, as well as Scripture, informs us that the + creature formerly became guilty in the eyes of the + Creator. All nations, all peoples, endeavored to + appease the anger of Heaven and believed that a victim + was necessary for this purpose. Hence sacrifices have + been offered from the beginning of the human race. + </p> + <p> + Cain and Abel offered victims; the one the first fruits + of the earth, the other the firstlings of the flock. + Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Melchisedech worshiped this + way, and their worship was acceptable to God. + Everywhere, even among the heathen, you find the altar, + the priest, and the sacrifice. As we learn from + Leviticus and other portions of the Old Testament, God + Himself carefully prescribed the quality, manner, + number, and place of the various sacrifices which He + was pleased to accept from the hands of His chosen + people. From this fact that sacrifice has ever formed a + prominent feature in the worship of all people, we + conclude that it belongs to the essentials of religion, + and that Christians to-day should have an altar of + which, as St. Paul says, "they can not eat who serve + the tabernacle." + </p> + <p> + The sacrifices of the Old Law were provisional and + prefigured the great sacrifice of the New Law foretold + by the prophet Malachy. This glorious prophecy of + Malachy, "From the rising of the sun even to the going + down My name is great among the Gentiles; in every + place there is sacrifice, and there is offered to My + name a clean offering; for My name is great among the + Gentiles, saith the Lord of Hosts"—this glorious + prophecy is fulfilled only by the great sacrifice of + the Catholic Church. We alone can say with St. Paul, + "<i>Habemus altare</i>" "We have an altar" and a true + sacrifice. Of all the blessings bequeathed by Jesus + Christ to His Church, there is none better, none + greater, none holier than the holy sacrifice of the + Mass. It is the sacrifice of His own body and blood + offered to the heavenly Father under the appearances of + bread and wine. It was instituted by Our Lord at the + Last Supper, when He took bread and wine in His sacred + hands and blessed them, saying, "This is My body. . . . + This is My blood. . . . Do this for a remembrance of + Me." + </p> + <p> + He instituted the holy Mass in order to represent and + continue the sacrifice of Calvary. St Paul says, in his + first epistle to the Corinthians, xi. 26, that it was + instituted to show the death of the Lord until His + second coming. After the consecration, which the priest + effects by saying over the bread and wine the same + words which Jesus Christ said at the Last Supper, there + is no longer bread and wine, but the true and living + Jesus Christ, God and man, hidden under the appearances + of bread and wine, just as in the manger He was hidden + under the appearance of an infant. The priest offers + Him up to His heavenly Father in the name of the + Catholic Church, or rather He offers Himself up, and we + can confidently hope that we will obtain more through + prayers at the holy Mass than through our own unaided + prayers. In order to have part in the holy sacrifice of + the Mass a person should follow the actions and prayers + of the priest, especially at the offertory, + consecration, and communion; meditate on the passion of + Christ; say the rosary or the prayers in the + prayer-books, at the same time uniting his intention + with the intention of the sacrificing priest. + </p> + <p> + The sacrifice of the Mass is a true sacrifice, because + it is the oblation of a victim to God to represent by + its destruction or change His supreme dominion over + life and death. It is offered to satisfy our four great + debts and wants in adoration to God on account of His + omnipotence, in thanksgiving for His benefits, in + atonement for our sins, and to obtain His assistance in + difficulties and temptations. The holy Mass obtains for + us all graces and blessings, temporal and spiritual. + </p> + <p> + Since the Mass is the highest act of public worship, it + is proper that it should be celebrated with fitting + sacred ceremonies. Every ceremony which the Church + prescribes has its deep significance. All tend to bring + before our minds the mystery of the passion. + </p> + <p> + The <i>altar</i>, which is reached by means of steps, + represents Mount Calvary, upon which Christ died with + His arms extended as if to enfold all men as brothers. + The <i>crucifix</i> recalls Jesus dying on the cross. + The <i>lighted candles</i> are symbols of the faith and + devotion which ought to burn in the hearts of the + faithful when present at Mass. The <i>sacred + vestments</i>, embroidered with the sign of the cross, + indicate that the priest is the minister and visible + representative of Jesus Christ, the invisible priest. + The sign of the cross made many times by the priest + over the host and chalice reminds us that we offer to + God the divine Victim of the cross, and that we ought + to unite ourselves to Him by loving the cross, by + patience and Christian penance. We genuflect because + Our Lord is really present. If we know He is not + present on the altar we bow in honor of the place where + He sometimes reposes. <i>Holy water</i> is used to + signify that our souls must be pure if we wish God to + answer our prayers. <i>Incense</i> is used at solemn + High Mass and at Vespers. It is symbolic of prayer, + agreeably to the words of the 140th psalm: "Let my + prayer, O Lord, be directed as incense in Thy sight." + And St. John, describing the heavenly Jerusalem in the + 8th chapter of the Apocalypse, says: "Another angel + came, and stood before the altar, having a golden + censer; and there was given him much incense, that he + should offer of the prayers of all saints upon the + golden altar which is before the throne of God." + </p> + <p> + The sacrifice of the Mass, then, is the sacrifice of + Calvary, since the same Victim is offered up and by the + same High Priest, Jesus Christ. The Emanuel, the God + with us, the thought of whom made the prophets tremble + centuries before He came, that divine Teacher who loves + to dwell with the children of men, the Catholic Church + beholds dwelling in the midst of us on our altars. If + you have visited some of our ancient cathedrals, or any + of our magnificent modern churches, and admired the + varied ornaments or artistic wonders therein; if you + have ever been present at our religious solemnities and + witnessed the gravity of our ceremonies, the beauty of + the chants, the piety of the adorers; if you have + reflected upon the spirit of sacrifice and + self-forgetfulness so common to Catholicism and so + unknown elsewhere—that spirit which moves + thousands of the young of both sexes to forsake the + world and devote themselves to the care of the sick, + the education of the young, and to other works of + charity—if you have witnessed these things and + reflected upon them, you can not but have asked + yourself why are such gorgeous temples built; why such + magnificent works of art as displayed on the altar, the + sacred vessels, paintings, and other things in the + church? What prompts such sacrifices? And the answer + will be, because the church is the edifice where God in + the holy Mass daily renews the prodigies of His mercy, + and it can never be worthy of His love; because God, + who sacrificed Himself for us, is ever with us in the + Blessed Sacrament of the altar, to soothe our cares and + answer our prayers. Yes, the grand feature of the + Catholic Church is the holy altar. On the altar is the + tabernacle for the residence of the Lord of Hosts. + </p> + <p> + There our "hidden God," Jesus in the Eucharist, dwells + night and day in the midst of His people, saying to + them with words of love, "Come to me all you that are + burdened and heavy laden, and I will refresh you." + </p> + <p> + The Mass, independent of its sacrificial aspect, + consists of the best prayers ever uttered. The priest + begins by making the sign of the cross, "In the name of + the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost." + This sign is an epitome of the Christian's belief in + the unity and trinity of God and in the incarnation and + death of Jesus Christ. After making the sign of the + cross he repeats the 42d psalm, "Judge me, O God," and + then makes an humble confession of his sins to God. He + ascends the altar and nine times asks God to have mercy + on him, <i>Kyrie Eleison</i>; then follows the + beautiful hymn the shepherds heard the angels singing + at the birth of the Saviour, <i>Gloria in Excelsis + Deo</i>. + </p> + <p> + The prayer of the feast, the epistle and gospel follow, + and then the sermon in the vernacular is usually + preached. After the Nicene Creed, <i>Credo in Unum + Deum</i>, the priest makes the offering of bread and + wine. He then washes the tips of his fingers, saying: + "I will wash my hands among the innocent," by which he + is reminded to be free from stain to offer worthily the + Holy Sacrifice. + </p> + <p> + The preface, canon, and solemn words of consecration + follow, during which the bread and wine are changed by + the power of Jesus Christ into His body and blood. In a + short time he comes to the best of all prayers, the + prayer taught us by Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, + the Our Father, <i>Pater Noster</i>. The <i>Agnus + Dei</i> follows, then the communion, when he partakes + of the consecrated bread and wine, and afterward gives + holy communion to the faithful. He then continues the + Mass, gives his blessing, and finishes the Mass with + the beginning of the Gospel of St. John. Hence you see + that, besides the great sacrifice which makes it an act + worthy of God, the Mass consists of the best of all + prayers. + </p> + <p> + From what has been said it is evident that ceremonies + in the worship of God are reasonable, being sanctioned + by God in the Old and New Testaments; that the holy + sacrifice of the Mass is the greatest of all acts of + worship; and that the Catholic Church in using + ceremonies is but following the example of Our Lord and + Saviour Jesus Christ and His apostles. St. John in the + Book of Revelations tells us that before the throne of + God angels stand with golden censers, multitudes from + all nations follow and adore the Lamb, while virgins + sing the new song which they alone can utter. So, too, + before the throne of God on earth we swing our censers, + multitudes from all nations prostrate themselves in + adoration, the sweet incense of their praise and prayer + ascends to the throne of grace, their minds are + enlightened by God's word, while their hearts are + raised to God by the grandeur of our ceremonies. + </p> + <p> + The Son of God, after having taught us by His word, + shown us by His example, and merited for us by His + grace the virtues necessary for salvation, wished to + institute the holy sacrifice of the Mass, that He might + come Himself in the Holy Sacrament and imprint them + upon us. Of these virtues, the most important are + <i>humility</i>, <i>purity</i>, <i>obedience</i>, + <i>patience</i>, and <i>charity</i>. + </p> + <p> + Let us always ask God when present at the holy Mass for + a lively faith in His <i>Real Presence</i>, an ardent + love for Him in the Blessed Sacrament of the altar, and + the grace to imitate His humility, His purity, His + meekness, obedience, patience, and charity <i>here</i>, + and enjoy His presence forever <i>hereafter</i>. + </p> + <p> + The following beautiful words of Cardinal Newman show + that the Mass is something more than a mere form of + words, and that ceremonies are reasonable as well as + necessary in its celebration: + </p> + <p> + "To me nothing is so consoling, so piercing, so + thrilling, so overcoming, as the Mass said as it is + among us. I could attend Masses forever and not be + tired. It is not a mere form of words—it is a + great action, the greatest action that can be on earth. + It is not the invocation merely, but, if I dare use the + word, the evocation of the Eternal. He becomes present + on the altar in flesh and blood, before Whom angels bow + and devils tremble. This is that awful event which is + the scope and the interpretation of every part of the + solemnity. Words are necessary, but as means, not as + ends; they are not mere addresses to the throne of + grace, they are instruments of what is far higher, of + consecration, of sacrifice. + </p> + <p> + "They hurry on as if impatient to fulfil their mission. + Quickly they go, for they are awful words of sacrifice; + they are a work too great to delay upon, as when it was + said in the beginning, 'What thou doest, do quickly.' + Quickly they pass, for the Lord Jesus goes with them, + as He passed along the lake in the days of His flesh, + quickly calling first one and then another; quickly + they pass, because as the lightning which shineth from + one part of the heaven unto the other, so is the coming + of the Son of Man. + </p> + <p> + "Quickly they pass, for they are as the words of Moses, + when the Lord came down in the cloud, calling on the + name of the Lord as He passed by, 'The Lord, the Lord + God, merciful and generous, long suffering, and + abundant in goodness and truth.' And as Moses on the + mountain, so we, too, make haste and bow our heads to + the earth and adore. + </p> + <p> + "So we, all around, each in his place, look for the + great Advent 'waiting for the moving of the water,' + each in his place, with his own heart, with his own + wants, with his own prayers, separate but concordant, + watching what is going on, watching its progress, + uniting in its consummation; not painfully, and + hopelessly following a hard form of prayer from + beginning to end, but like a concert of musical + instruments each different, but concurring in sweet + harmony, we take our post with God's priest, supporting + him, yet guided by him. There are little children + there, and old men, and simple laborers, and students + in seminaries, priests preparing for Mass, priests + making their thanksgiving, there are innocent maidens, + and there are penitent sinners; but out of these many + minds rises one Eucharistic hymn, and the great action + is the measure and the scope of it." + </p><br> + <br> + <h1> + <a name="practices" id="practices">The Practices of the + Catholic Church</a> + </h1><br> + <h2> + <a name="practice_1" id="practice_1">I. Vespers and + Benediction</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Remember that thou keep holy the Sabbath day" + (<i>Ex</i>. xx. 8). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HIS commandment teaches us that + God wills the whole Sunday to be spent in His honor. We + should sanctify it by good works, and by assisting at + divine service. On that day servile works and improper + amusements are forbidden. A salutary rest and moderate + recreation are allowed, but never at the expense of + duties of obligation. After hearing Mass on Sunday + morning, which is obligatory on all Catholics, there is + no better way of sanctifying the remainder of the day + than by attending Vespers and Benediction. + </p> + <p> + The Vesper service is a small portion of the divine + office, which priests must recite daily, for God's + honor and glory. It consists of five of the psalms of + David (Dixit Dominus, Ps. 109; Confitebor tibi, Ps. + 110; Beatus vir, Ps. 111; Laudate pueri, Ps. 112; In + exitu Israel, Ps. 113, or Laudate Dominum, Ps. 116), a + hymn, the Magnificat, or canticle of the Virgin Mary, + from the first chapter of St. Luke, and some prayers. + Is it not reasonable thus to praise God in psalms and + hymns and spiritual canticles? + </p> + <p> + Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament usually follows + Vespers. The Catholic Church teaches that Jesus Christ + is really present in the Blessed Sacrament. The + reasonableness of this teaching will be seen in the + following article. + </p> + <p> + Since Jesus Christ is present, He ought to be adored by + the faithful. Faithful adorers frequently visit Him in + the Blessed Sacrament and worship Him in "spirit and in + truth." Hence, the Blessed Sacrament is kept in the + Tabernacle on our altars to soothe our cares, answer + our prayers, and be ready at any time to be + administered to the sick and dying. + </p> + <p> + Besides our private devotion to the Blessed Sacrament, + the Church has appointed solemn rites to show publicly + our faith and devotion toward the Real Presence of + Jesus Christ. These rites are processions on Corpus + Christi, the Forty Hours' devotion, and, especially, + the rite called Benediction. + </p> + <p> + When it is time for Benediction many candles are + lighted on the altar. This is done to show our faith in + the Real Presence of Jesus Christ. If He were not + present, this display would be unreasonable, + unnecessary, and meaningless. But the candles we light, + the incense we burn, the flowers and other ornaments we + use to decorate the altar, and all that we do for Our + Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ can not be too much. + </p> + <p> + Everything being prepared, the priest takes the Blessed + Sacrament out of the tabernacle, and, placing it in the + ostensorium, exposes it on an elevated throne, while + the choir sings in honor of the Blessed Sacrament the + hymn "O Salutaris Hostia," "O Saving Host." The priest + incenses Our Lord in the Blessed Sacrament, as, + according to the Apocalypse, angels do in heaven. + Another hymn or a litany follows; after which is sung + the "Tantum Ergo," "Down in adoration falling," + followed by a prayer by the priest. Then in the midst + of a solemn silence (except that a small bell is + tinkled) the priest takes the monstrance, or + ostensorium, containing the Blessed Sacrament, and, + turning toward the people, makes with it the sign of + the cross over them, thus blessing the faithful with + the Most Holy One. + </p> + <p> + This is certainly a most touching and impressive rite + even to those who do not believe in it. Cardinal Newman + calls it one of the most beautiful, natural, and + soothing practices of the Church. No one will deny that + this practice, or rite of the Church, is reasonable, if + Jesus Christ is really present in the Blessed + Sacrament. That He is really present is our belief. + This being our belief, is it not reasonable to light + candles as a sign of spiritual joy, and thus to show + our faith in Him who is the light of the world? He gave + us all that we have. He gave us the beautiful world we + dwell upon with its variety of scenery—with its + snow-capped mountains, its green-carpeted hills, and + its blooming valleys. He has no need of our gifts; for + the earth is His "and the fulness thereof." Yet as He + was pleased to receive the gifts of the Magi and the + precious ointment of Mary, so, too, is He pleased to + receive our offerings. And is anything too good, too + beautiful, too precious, for Him? Can the altar on + which He dwells be too richly adorned? Are the pure + candles we light, the sweet incense we burn, the choice + flowers and costly ornaments with which we decorate the + altar, too much to use in honor of Our Lord and our + God? Yes, the Catholic practice or rite of Benediction + is dictated by right reason. Everything connected with + Benediction is reasonable, beautiful, and suggestive of + the <i>noblest sentiments of the heart of man</i>. + </p> + <p align="center"> + <a href="images/starofsea_large.jpg"><img src= + "images/starofsea.jpg" alt= + "Mary, Star of the Sea"></a><br> + MARY, STAR OF THE SEA + </p><br> + <h2> + <a name="practice_2" id="practice_2">II. Devotion to + the Blessed Sacrament</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "And whilst they were at supper, Jesus took bread, and + blessed, and broke, and gave to His disciples, and + said: take ye and eat. This is My body" (<i>Matt</i>. + xxvi. 26). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">P</font>ERHAPS no mystery of revelation + has been so universally attacked as the Real Presence + of Jesus Christ in the Blessed Sacrament of the Altar. + </p> + <p> + By the Real Presence is meant that Jesus Christ is + really and truly, body and blood, soul and divinity, + present in the Blessed Sacrament, under the form and + appearance of bread and wine. + </p> + <p> + This teaching of the Church is in perfect agreement + with Scripture, tradition, and reason. + </p> + <p> + If the reader will take up his Bible and read carefully + the 6th chapter of the Gospel according to St. John; + the 26th chapter, 26th, 27th, and 28th verses of St. + Matthew; the 14th chapter, 22d verse of St. Mark; the + First Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians, 10th + chapter, 16th verse, as well as other portions of the + New Testament, he will certainly see that the Catholic + teaching and practice concerning the Real Presence of + Jesus Christ in the Blessed Sacrament are founded on + Scripture. In this 6th chapter of St. John, we learn + that before instituting the Blessed Sacrament Our + Saviour wished to announce or promise it to His + disciples in order to prepare them for it. He first + gave them a figure of the Blessed Sacrament in the + multiplication of the five loaves of bread by which He + fed five thousand persons. After this miracle He told + them that He would give them bread superior to that + which they had eaten, and that this bread was His own + flesh and blood. "The bread that I will give is My + flesh, for the life of the world." It is almost + impossible to understand these words of Our Lord in any + other than a literal sense. He was so understood by + those who heard Him. "How can this man give us his + flesh to eat?" they said, and many withdrew from Him. + It is but reasonable to believe that if He did not wish + to be understood in a literal sense He would have told + His hearers so, rather than have them leave Him. + </p> + <p> + This promise of a doctrine so difficult to understand + was fulfilled at the Last Supper. + </p> + <p> + Then Jesus took bread, and blessed, and broke, and gave + to His disciples, and said: "Take ye and eat. This is + My body." And taking the chalice He gave thanks; and + gave to them, saying: "Drink ye all of this. For this + is My blood of the new testament which shall be shed + for many for the remission of sins." + </p> + <p> + "Do this for a commemoration of Me." + </p> + <p> + These are substantially the words of SS. Matthew, Mark, + Luke, and of the apostle Paul. + </p> + <p> + In the 10th chapter of the First Epistle to the + Corinthians, St. Paul says: "The chalice of benediction + which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of + Christ? And the bread which we break, is it not the + partaking of the body of the Lord?" + </p> + <p> + Any one of these texts abundantly proves the Catholic + doctrine of the Real Presence, and shows the + reasonableness of the Catholic practice regarding the + Blessed Sacrament. Reflect upon them. Reflect + especially upon the words of Christ, "This is My body." + Think what an insult it is to the divinity and veracity + of Christ to doubt His word, because you can not + understand how what appears to be bread is in reality + His own body and blood. + </p> + <p> + If you remember that Jesus Christ is God, that He had + the power to make this change, that He could confer + this power on others, as the apostles and their + successors, that He did so when He said: "Do this in + commemoration of Me," and that this change at the + present time as at the time of the apostles is made by + His almighty power, you will have no difficulty in + believing it. + </p> + <p> + The belief and practice of the Catholic Church of + to-day regarding the Blessed Sacrament is the same as + it was in every age since the time of Christ. The + history of every century tells us this. The Fathers, + Doctors, and Church writers of every age say the same. + If it were not so, some one ought to be able to find + the time when the doctrine was invented, and the person + who invented it. But, since no one has been able to + find the inventor of this doctrine and practice, the + time or place of the invention, we rightly conclude + that they came down to us from the time of Christ, and + had Christ for an author. (Berengarius, in the eleventh + century, was the first who denied this doctrine.) If, + then, Christ is the author, is not the Catholic + practice reasonable? + </p> + <p> + But I don't understand the Catholic doctrine regarding + the Blessed Sacrament, some one may say; therefore it + is contrary to reason. Dear reader, did the consummate + puerility, silliness, foolishness of such an objection + ever present itself to you? Do you understand the + Blessed Trinity? And is it contrary to reason? No. + Although above reason, it is not against it. Do you + understand how Jesus Christ is both God and man? Do you + understand any mystery? No. If you did it would no + longer be a mystery. For a mystery is something above + human intelligence. It is something incomprehensible to + us, for it pertains to the divine intelligence. And as + well might you attempt to pour the mighty ocean into a + small hole on the shore, as attempt to hold with your + limited capacity the illimitable ocean of divinity. The + proper office of reason is to examine the evidences of + revelation, and see if God has spoken. But it + constitutes no part of its office to dispute the word + of God. That God has spoken is evident from the + fulfilment of many prophecies and the authority of many + miracles. That these prophecies have been fulfilled, + and these miracles performed, is as certain as is any + historical fact. Reason teaches us this. It teaches us, + too, that no one but God (or by the power of God) can + prophesy; no one but God can derogate from the order of + nature, by the performance of a miracle. Reason teaches + us, then, that God has spoken. When we know God speaks, + genuine reason will dictate that we humbly believe His + holy word. Thus will true reason ever act. And when God + says, "This is My body," it will not hesitate to + believe. + </p> + <p> + We all believe that at the baptism of Our Saviour by + St. John Baptist, the Holy Ghost appeared in the form + of a dove. Now, is it not as reasonable for Jesus + Christ, the second person of the Blessed Trinity, to + appear in the form of bread as it was for the Holy + Ghost, the third person of the Trinity, to appear in + the form of a dove? We must therefore admit that the + Catholic doctrine of the Real Presence of Jesus Christ + in the Blessed Sacrament is reasonable; that it has + been believed by the Christian Church of every age from + the time of Christ until the present time; and that it + is taught by SS. Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, and by + St. Paul in clear and unmistakable terms. + </p> + <p> + Now, dear reader, since Jesus Christ is really present, + is not the Catholic practice regarding the Blessed + Sacrament reasonable? Should we not honor Our Lord and + Our God? Should we not adore Him as really present in + the Blessed Sacrament? Should we not frequently receive + Him with pure and contrite hearts? Should we not, when + we enter the church, genuflect, bend the knee in His + honor? Should we not show Him every mark of respect and + devotion? Can we do too much in His honor? Let us, + then, adore Our Lord and Our God, for we are His people + and the sheep of His pasture. Let us return love for + love to the great King of suffering, who was born for + love of us, who died for love of us, and who, for love + of us, remains ever with us in the Blessed Sacrament. + Let us ask that our faith and love may persevere to the + end; that loving and adoring Him here in the Blessed + Sacrament of His love, <i>we may be united with Him + forever hereafter</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_3" id="practice_3">III.</a> Holy + Communion + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "He that eateth this bread shall live forever" + (<i>John</i> vi. 59) + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">H</font>OLY communion is receiving the + body and blood of Christ in the Blessed Sacrament. The + clergy when saying Mass, except on Good Friday, receive + under both forms. When not celebrating Mass, they + receive only the one kind, the consecrated bread. In + the early ages of the Church communion was given to the + people under both forms. + </p> + <p> + The faithful, however, could, if they wished, dispense + with one form and receive under the form of bread. This + shows that the Church always taught that Christ is + entire both under the form of bread and under the form + of wine. At one time the faithful received under both + forms; now they receive under one form, the form of + bread. It is merely a matter of discipline, which the + Church could change, if circumstances demanded it. + Whether you receive under one form or both, you receive + whole and entire the body and blood of Christ. This is + clearly taught by St. Paul in the 11th chapter of the + First Epistle to the Corinthians, where he says: + "Whosoever shall eat this bread, <i>or</i> drink the + chalice of the Lord <i>unworthily</i>, shall be guilty + of the body <i>and</i> blood of the Lord." + </p> + <p> + How could a person eating that bread unworthily be + guilty of the body and blood of the Lord, unless the + body and blood of the Lord were there under the form of + bread? + </p> + <p> + Since Jesus Christ is whole and entire under the form + of bread, as well as under the form of wine, the + practice of the Catholic Church of giving holy + communion under one form is reasonable. + </p> + <p> + Good Christians frequently receive their Lord and their + God in holy communion. He inspires them with feelings + of love, gratitude, and adoration. He reminds them to + think frequently of their Creator—to give Him + their first thoughts in the morning and their last in + the evening. He gives them strength to restrain their + guilty passions. + </p> + <p> + Holy Communion is the seed of immortality. "He that + eateth this bread <i>shall live forever</i>." + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_4" id="practice_4">IV. + Confirmation</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Then they laid their hands upon them, and they + received the Holy Ghost" (<i>Acts</i> viii. 17). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>EFORE the coming of the Holy + Ghost on Pentecost, the apostles were weak and + vacillating. One of them betrayed his Master for thirty + pieces of silver; another—the Prince of the + Apostles, he whom Christ afterward made head of His + Church—thrice denied his Lord and his God. + </p> + <p> + After the descent of the Holy Ghost, what a change! + What a wonderful transformation! They who before had + been as timid as the lamb, as changeable as the + chameleon's hue, became now as bold as the lion, as + firm as Gibraltar's rock. + </p> + <p> + In a similar way does Confirmation act on the receiver. + Confirmation is that sacrament in which, by the + imposition of the bishop's hands, we receive the Holy + Ghost to make us strong and perfect Christians and + soldiers of Jesus Christ. It is the second in the order + of the sacraments, because the early Christians were + accustomed to receive it immediately after Baptism. In + the 8th chapter of the Acts of the Apostles we find the + first recorded instance of the administering of + Confirmation by the apostles. Here we are told that St. + Peter and St. John confirmed the Samaritans who had + been baptized by Philip. "They prayed for them that + they might receive the Holy Ghost. . . . Then they laid + their hands upon them, and they received the Holy + Ghost." In a similar way does the bishop, the successor + of the apostles, administer Confirmation at the present + day. First, he turns toward those to be confirmed and + says: "May the Holy Ghost come down upon you and the + power of the Most High keep you from sin." Then + extending his hands over them he prays that they may + receive the Holy Ghost. + </p> + <p> + In the 6th verse of the 19th chapter of the Acts the + sacred writer, after telling about the baptism of the + disciples at Ephesus, adds: "And when Paul had laid his + hands upon them the Holy Ghost came on them." In the + 6th chapter of the Epistle to the Hebrews St. Paul + mentions Confirmation, the laying on of hands, with + Baptism and Penance, as among the principal practices + of Christianity. + </p> + <p> + The sacrament of Confirmation has been administered to + the faithful of every age from the time of Christ until + the present. We learn this from the Fathers and writers + of the various ages. Among them St. Clement says: "All + must make haste to be confirmed by a bishop, and + receive the sevenfold grace of the Holy Ghost." The + practice of administering Confirmation is founded on + tradition, then, as well as on Scripture. Is it not + reasonable to believe and practise that which the + Christian Church of every age believed and practised? + </p> + <p> + The apostles of Christ administered Confirmation by + praying that the faithful may receive the Holy Ghost + and laying their hands upon them. The successors of the + apostles do likewise. Who will say that this practice + is not reasonable? Baptism gives spiritual life; + Confirmation increases it. Baptism makes persons + children of God; Confirmation strengthens them, causes + them to grow, and makes them strong men and soldiers of + Jesus Christ. + </p> + <p> + All the morality of life is implied in the sacrament of + Confirmation. It strengthens man, it gives him courage + to confess God; and as sin is the denial of God, + whoever has courage to confess <i>God will practise + virtue</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_5" id="practice_5">V. Honoring the + Blessed Virgin</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "The angel Gabriel was sent from God . . . to a Virgin + . . . and the Virgin's name was Mary. And the angel + being come in said to her: Hail, full of grace, the + Lord is with thee; blessed art thou among women" + (<i>Luke</i> i. 26, 28). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "From henceforth all generations shall call me blessed" + (<i>Luke</i> i. 48). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HESE words from St. Luke show + that the Catholic practice of honoring Mary is + scriptural. We alone fulfil the prophecy, "From + henceforth all generations shall call me blessed." If + Mary was so pure that the archangel Gabriel could + salute her as full of grace; if she was so perfect as + to be honored, respected, and loved by her divine Son, + Jesus Christ, is it not reasonable that we, too, should + honor, respect, and love her? + </p> + <p> + How we honor the sword of Washington! What a cluster of + tender recollections clings to the staff of Franklin! + Is there a loyal American citizen who does not think + with feelings of love and respect of the mother of our + Revolutionary hero, or who would not doff his hat at + the unveiling of a statue of the sage of Monticello? + And why? Is it on account of their intrinsic merit? No. + We honor them principally on account of the relation + they bear to those three brightest stars in the + American firmament. So it is with the honor we show to + Mary, the Mother of God. Although she was an example of + all virtues, we honor her principally because it was + through her instrumentality He was born by whom we + achieved not civil liberty, but the liberty of the + children of God. She did not draw lightning from + heaven, nor the scepter from kings; but she brought + forth Him who is the Lord of heaven and King of kings. + </p> + <p> + The principal reason, then, why we honor Mary is + because she is the Mother of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus + Christ. This honor consists of love, respect, and + veneration. We love her with an interior love, a love + proceeding from the heart; nor should we fear to let + this love appear outwardly. When others revile her, + speak disrespectfully of her, we should shrink from the + very idea of acting similarly toward her. We should + then remember that she is the Mother of Our Saviour, + and should ask ourselves how we would have acted toward + her had we lived in her day and been witnesses of the + honor shown her by her divine Son. By so doing we will + show her that love which is her due. Our respect, our + veneration for her, should be affectionate and deep. + When we remember that it was her hand that first lifted + from the ground and received in maternal embrace the + sacred body of Jesus, just born and just dead; when we + think how respectfully Elizabeth greeted her; when we + recall to mind the reverent salutation of the + archangel; when we consider the honor shown her by the + apostles and by her own divine Son, can we help feeling + a deep love, respect, and veneration for her? You see, + dear reader, honoring Mary is scriptural and + reasonable. + </p> + <p> + But if we should honor her principally because she is + the Mother of God, we should also honor her because she + is the peerless glory, the matchless jewel of her sex. + She constitutes a sole exception to a general law. Sin + never contaminated, never touched her fair soul. This + is what we mean by the Immaculate Conception. + </p> + <p> + God created the first man free from sin. But he + transgressed the law of God, and, by his transgression, + all his posterity are born in sin and conceived in + iniquity. For St. Paul says: "By one man sin entered + into this world, and by sin death; and so death passed + upon all men, in whom all have sinned" (<i>Rom.</i> v. + 12). But God promised that the woman, Mary, should + crush the head of the serpent. Now if she was to crush + the head of the serpent, it was fit that she should + never be under his power, that she should be pure, free + from sin of every kind. + </p> + <p> + There have been exceptions to all general laws. At the + time of the deluge Noe was saved. Lot was saved from + the destruction of Sodom. In like manner, the Blessed + Virgin is an exception to the general law that all + sinned in Adam. Isaias and St. John Baptist were + sanctified in their mother's womb. Was it any more + difficult for God to sanctify Mary at the moment of her + conception, at the moment of the union of her soul with + her body? God chose His own Mother. If He had the power + to choose her did He not also have the power to + preserve her from original sin? And does it not appear + to you most fitting that God, the Holy Ghost, should + preserve His spouse, and God, the Son, His Mother, from + sin of every kind? + </p> + <p> + "Hail, full of grace," the angel said to her. If she + was full of grace, no vacancy was left for sin. Grace + denotes the absence of sin, as light denotes the + absence of darkness. Hence if Mary was full of grace, + she was never subject to sin; she was always pure and + her conception immaculate. It is but natural, then, + that we arrive at the belief in the Immaculate + Conception, at the belief in the sinlessness, the + spotlessness of the Blessed Virgin from the very + beginning of her existence. If we honor Mary + principally because the angel honored her, because God + honored her, we honor her, also, because of her + immaculate conception and total freedom from sin. She + was a model of all virtues. Is it not reasonable, then, + to honor Mary, to love her, and to believe that she + loves us? If we honor the good and virtuous, where can + we find a nobler example of virtue than Mary? What a + beautiful model Mary is for Christians, and especially + for Christian women! Good Catholic mothers are + continually urging upon their daughters the necessity + of choosing as a model Mary, the true type of female + excellence. In Mary you find all that is tender, + loving, constant, and true. In her you find all + virtues. In her humility she refused the highest + honors; while in patience she endured more anguish and + agony than any other creature on earth. + </p> + <p> + Mary is a creature of God. As the praise we bestow on a + beautiful picture redounds to the glory of the artist, + so the honor we give Mary redounds to God, since we + honor her for His sake. Let us honor her. That person + who honors the Blessed Virgin; who loves, respects, and + venerates her as the Mother of God; who takes her as a + model and imitates her virtues; who prays to her in + trials and afflictions and asks her intercession with + her divine Son, does not only act in a reasonable + manner, but such action is certain to make the path + through this world smooth and easy and at the same time + safe to a life of <i>eternal happiness</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_6" id="practice_6">VI. Confession of + Sin</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Whom when He saw He said: Go, show yourselves to the + priests" (<i>Luke</i> xvii. 14). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "Receive ye the Holy Ghost; whose sins ye shall + forgive, they are forgiven them, and whose sins ye + shall retain, they are retained" (<i>John</i> xx. 23). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE whole of the life of Our + Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ may be summed up in these + words of the Acts: "He went about doing good." He + healed the sick, gave sight to the blind, hearing to + the deaf, and raised the dead to life. + </p> + <p> + The healing of the body, however, was to Him a + secondary object. The healing of the soul was His + mission on earth. He frequently called the attention of + His followers to this. For example, He cured the man of + the palsy to prove that as man He had the power to + forgive sins. Another example is when He gives us in + the cure of the lepers a figure of sin and its cure. + </p> + <p> + Leprosy has always been considered a figure of sin. As + leprosy covers the body and makes it disgusting and + frightful to behold, so sin covers the soul and makes + it hideous in the sight of God. The Old Law required + lepers to separate themselves from society until their + cure was certified to by the priests who were appointed + for this purpose. Our Lord has been pleased, in the New + Law, to institute a similar method for the cure of the + more fatal leprosy of sin. The spiritual leper, the + sinner, is to show himself to the priest, make known + the diseased state of his soul, and submit to the + inspection and treatment of the priest, who is the + divinely appointed physician of the soul. But should we + not go directly to God, since God alone has power to + justify us? It is true, God alone can effect our + justification; but He has appointed the priest to judge + in His place and pass sentence in His name. To the + priests He has said: "Whatsoever you shall bind upon + earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatsoever you + shall loose upon earth shall be loosed also in heaven" + (<i>Matt.</i> xviii. 18); and again: "Whose sins you + shall forgive, they are forgiven, and whose sins you + shall retain, they are retained" (<i>John</i> xx. 23). + These two texts clearly show that auricular confession + as practised in the Catholic Church was taught by + Christ. For how could the apostles and their + successors, the pastors of the Church, know what sins + to bind and retain and what sins to loose and forgive + unless the sins were confessed to them and they were + allowed to judge? + </p> + <p> + No matter how numerous or how great these are, provided + they are confessed with a sincere repentance, they will + be forgiven. And they will be forgiven by the power of + the priest. Properly speaking, God alone has power to + forgive sins. But no one will deny that He has power to + confer this power on others. He communicated this power + to His apostles and commanded them, in turn, to + communicate it to others by means of the Sacrament of + Holy Orders. + </p> + <p> + That Our Saviour communicated this power to His + apostles is evident from the words of St. John: "As the + Father hath sent Me I also send you. Receive ye the + Holy Ghost; whose sins you shall forgive, they are + forgiven." But sin was to continue till the end of the + world. Hence the necessity of the means of forgiving + sin being coextensive with sin. As the people receive + from the priests the Word of God and the cleansing from + sin in Baptism, so also do they receive from them the + cleansing from sin in confession. + </p> + <p> + It is certain that the apostles conferred the power of + forgiving sins upon others, if we find that those whom + the apostles ordained this power. But we find this to + be the case. + </p> + <p> + From the time of Christ until the present the writers + of every age tell us that confession of sins was + practised. St. John, who lived until the beginning of + the second century, says in the 1st chapter of his + First Epistle: "If we confess our sins, He is faithful + and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from + all iniquity." + </p> + <p> + St. Cyprian, who wrote in the third century, says: "Let + each of you confess his faults, and the pardon imparted + by the priest is acceptable before God." + </p> + <p> + St. Ambrose, in the fourth century, wrote: "The poison + is sin; the remedy, the accusation of one's crime. The + poison is iniquity: confession is the remedy." + </p> + <p> + St. Augustine, who lived in the fifth century, seems to + be talking to some people of the present day, who say + they confess in private to God, when he says: "Let no + one say to himself, I do penance to God in private, I + do it before God. Is it then in vain that Christ hath + said: 'Whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be + loosed in heaven'? Is it in vain that the keys have + been given to the Church? Do we make void the Gospel? + void the words of Christ?" + </p> + <p> + These first five centuries were the golden age of + Christianity. All admit that the doctrines and + practices of those early centuries were pure and + undefiled, as they came from Christ. But among the + practices of the time we find confession. Hence it is a + reasonable practice, because conformable to Christ's + teaching. We might continue quotations from writers of + every century from the sixth to the nineteenth, showing + that the teaching and practice of confession did not + vary through the lapse of ages from the time of Christ + until the present day. But this is unnecessary. The + quotations from the first five centuries show that the + power of forgiving sin was not only communicated by + Christ to His apostles, but by them to their successors + by means of the sacrament of Holy Orders. What would be + the necessity of this power if they could not exercise + it in confession? If, as some say, priests invented + confession, some one ought to find out and tell us when + and where it was invented, and why they did not exempt + themselves from such a humiliating practice. + </p> + <p> + Confession alone, however, will be of no avail without + contrition. Contrition is a sincere sorrow and + detestation for sin with a firm determination to sin no + more. To the truly humble and sorrowful sinner + confession is not a punishment, but a remedy for a + tortured conscience. The most painful secret to be kept + by a heart not yet corrupted by disease is the secret + of sin and crime. The soul that loves God hates sin and + desires to separate herself from it. To this desire is + associated the desire of expiating it. All, from the + mother who questions her child about wrongdoing to the + judge who interrogates the criminal, recognize in + spontaneous confession an expiatory power. + </p> + <p> + Confession, it is true, is necessarily accompanied by + shame and humiliation. This humiliation is diminished + by the knowledge that it is of divine origin and that + eternal silence is divinely imposed upon him who + receives it. Priests never divulge what they know from + the confessional. They have been ill-treated, as was + Father Kohlmann in this country; have even been + tortured and cruelly put to death, as was St. John + Nepomucene, in order to extort from them knowledge they + gained in the confessional, but without avail. For what + they knew through the tribunal of penance, they knew as + ministers of God. And as it is better to obey God than + man, no minister of state could force them to divulge + that which the laws of God forbid. + </p> + <p> + Only sinners, who after a thorough preparation, a + sincere sorrow, and a good confession, can realize the + soothing and beneficial effects of confession, and feel + with David, "Blessed are they whose sins are forgiven." + If you have ever noticed such after leaving the + confessional you could see joy beaming on their + countenances, as if a heavy burden had been removed. + </p> + <p> + Confession quiets the conscience. But this is only one + of the benefits it confers upon those who practise + going to confession. It has also a salutary influence + upon their morals; for one of its necessary conditions + is promise of amendment. + </p> + <p> + The pagans of the first centuries were aware of the + guiding and reforming power of the confessional. + Voltaire, the leading infidel of the last century, one + who made sport of everything Christian, says that + "there is, perhaps, no wiser institution, and that + confession is an excellent thing, a restraint upon + inveterate crime, a very good practice to prevent the + guilty from falling into despair and relapsing into + sin, to influence hearts full of hate to forgive and + robbers to make restitution—that the enemies of + the <i>Romish</i> Church who have opposed so beneficial + an institution have taken from man the greatest + restraint that can be put upon crime." While his + everyday experience forced these words of praise from + the arch-infidel, his hatred of the Church creeps out + in the word "Romish." + </p> + <p> + Confession of sin, as we have seen, is a <i>reasonable + practice</i>, because it was taught by Jesus Christ, + and by His apostles and their successors from Christ's + time until the present; but <i>especially</i> because + it has the power of soothing and pacifying the + conscience by freeing it from the torture of sin, the + poison of crime. It is not strange, then, that it is so + dear to virtuous souls. It is offensive only to those + whose hearts are so hardened as to blunt the sting of + remorse. Confession is Christianity using its moral + power to correct and perfect the individual. In the + confessional the minister of God is continually coming + in contact with hearts in which reigns an idol that he + overthrows, a bad practice that he causes to cease, or + some injustice that he has repaired. + </p> + <p> + Confession is one of the gates by which Christianity + penetrates the interior man, wipes away stains, heals + diseases, and sows therein the seeds of virtue. The + lives and experience of millions are witness of the + truth of this. Is it not, then, a reasonable, a + beneficial practice? It is only the malicious or the + ignorant who calumniate the practice and the + consecrated minister who sits in judgment in the sacred + tribunal. Those who lay aside their prejudice and study + the question soon become convinced of its divine + origin. A little study and reflection will show them + that confession of sin benefits society by preventing + crimes that would destroy government, cause riots, and + fill prisons; that it promotes human justice, makes men + better, nobler, purer, higher, and more Godlike; that + it soothes the sorrowful heart whose crime might make + the despairing suicide; and that individuals and + families who frequently, intelligently, and properly + approach this fountain of God's grace will receive His + blessing here <i>and a pledge of His union + hereafter</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_7" id="practice_7">VII. Granting + Indulgences</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Whatsoever you shall bind upon earth shall be bound in + heaven, and whatsoever you shall loose upon earth shall + be loosed also in heaven" (Matt xviii. 18). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">O</font>F THE many practices of the + Church, few have been the cause of more controversy + than that of granting indulgences. Though not the + cause, the granting of an indulgence furnished a + pretext for Luther's apostasy. Leo X, who was Pope at + that time, desiring to complete St. Peter's at Rome, + appealed to all Catholics for financial aid. There was + certainly nothing wrong in this. With these alms it was + intended that the most magnificent Christian temple in + the world would be completed. + </p> + <p> + "Majesty, Power, Glory, Strength, and + Beauty, all are aisled<br> + In this eternal ark of worship + undefiled." + </p> + <p> + All who contributed toward the completion of St. + Peter's and complied with the necessary conditions were + granted an indulgence. + </p> + <p> + The alms were not one of the indispensable conditions. + Those conditions were a sincere repentance and + confession. Hence, those who did not contribute could + gain the indulgence. Perhaps the Dominican Tetzel, who + was chosen to announce the indulgence, exceeded his + powers and made them serve his own ends. + </p> + <p> + His action in the affair was not approved by Rome. If + it is certain that the Pope did nothing wrong in asking + for aid to build that beautiful monument to religion, + it is equally certain that he did nothing wrong, that + he did not exceed the limits of his powers when he + granted the indulgence. In order to understand this, we + must have a clear idea of what is meant by an + indulgence. + </p> + <p> + You frequently hear it said that it is the forgiveness + of sin, or that it is a permission given to commit sin. + It is neither the one nor the other. An indulgence is + not the forgiveness of sin. In fact, an indulgence can + not be gained until sin has been forgiven. One of the + necessary conditions for gaining an indulgence is + confession. + </p> + <p> + Neither is an indulgence a license, a permission to + commit sin. No one, not even God Himself, could give + permission to commit sin. For God is all good, and + although all powerful He can not sanction that which is + evil in itself. It would be contrary to His very + nature. An indulgence, then, is not what it has been + painted. Having seen what an indulgence is not, let us + see what it is. It is a remission of the whole or a + part of the debt of temporal punishment due to sin + after the guilt and eternal punishment have been + forgiven in the sacrament of Penance. + </p> + <p> + In the early ages of the Church notorious sinners, + after being absolved, were sentenced to long public + penances. By sincere sorrow, an indulgence or remission + of some of the time was granted them. Public confession + and public penances have passed away. These public + penances are replaced by pious devotions. Upon the + performance of certain pious devotions the Church at + times grants an indulgence; that is, a remission of + such temporal punishment as is equivalent to the + canonical penances corresponding to the sins committed. + </p> + <p> + Attached to every mortal sin, besides the guilt, is the + punishment incurred. This punishment is eternal and + temporal. That there is this twofold punishment we + learn from various places in the Bible. We have an + example in the sin of David. God sent the prophet + Nathan to warn him of his guilt. When Nathan rebuked + the king, he confessed his sin with signs of true + contrition. Then Nathan told him that God had forgiven + his sin, but that many temporal punishments would + follow. When God forgave the sin, the guilt and eternal + punishment were taken away; but temporal punishment + remained. Other examples could be cited, but this is + sufficient to show that there is a twofold kind of + punishment—eternal and temporal. In confession + the guilt and eternal punishment are taken away, but + not always the temporal punishment. This temporal + punishment is what is taken away in whole by a plenary + and in part by a partial indulgence. + </p> + <p> + In a similar manner we have a twofold punishment + attached to crime in this world. A man commits a crime. + He is sentenced to a term in the penitentiary. After + spending his time of punishment he comes back to + society, but finds he has another punishment to undergo + in being avoided by his friends and others. + </p> + <p> + The practice of granting indulgences was founded on + many passages of Scripture, both of the Old and New + Testament. In the 12th chapter of the book of Numbers + we learn that Mary, the sister of Moses, was forgiven a + sin which she had committed. But God inflicted upon her + the penalty of leprosy. This was a temporal punishment. + By the prayer of Moses an indulgence was granted; for + God took away the temporal punishment. + </p> + <p> + Our divine Lord left with His Church the power of + granting indulgences, as we learn from His words taken + from St. Matthew: "Whatsoever you shall loose upon + earth shall be loosed also in heaven." This promise + implies the power of loosing not only from sin and its + eternal punishment, but also the power of releasing the + bond of temporal punishment, of freeing from everything + that would prevent the soul from entering the kingdom + of heaven. St. Paul granted an indulgence to the + incestuous Corinthian, as we learn from the 2d chapter + of his Second Epistle to the Corinthians. By the power + and authority which he received from Christ, he granted + the Corinthian pardon from performing a certain + penance. This penance was a temporal punishment. The + apostle took away the temporal punishment. That is an + indulgence. + </p> + <p> + Non-Catholics grant a kind of plenary indulgence to + every one by saying that works of penance are + unnecessary. The practice of the Catholic Church of + granting an indulgence only to the deserving is + certainly more conformable to Scripture as well as more + reasonable. + </p> + <p> + Experience teaches us the utility of indulgences. They + encourage the faithful to frequent the sacraments, to + repent, to do acts of penance, and perform works of + piety, charity, and devotion. + </p> + <p> + A practice productive of such beneficial results is + reasonable; it is also reasonable because it is + sanctioned by Scripture and the Church of every age. + For God would not sanction it nor could the Church + practise it if it were <i>not conformable to + reason</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_8" id="practice_8">VIII. The Last + Sacraments</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Is any man sick among you? Let him bring in the + priests of the Church, and let them pray over him, + anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord: And the + prayer of faith shall save the sick man, and the Lord + shall raise him up, and if he be in sins they shall be + forgiven him" (<i>James</i> v. 14, 15). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>Y THESE words St. James + admonishes Christians when sick to do that which Our + Saviour had previously directed to be done. This you + will learn from the 6th chapter of St. Mark: "And [the + apostles] anointed with oil many that were sick." + </p> + <p> + The historians of the first centuries tell us that the + early Christians were as anxious to receive the last + sacraments as are the Catholics of our own day. St. + Cesarius, in the fifth century, writes: "As soon as a + person falls dangerously sick, he receives the body and + blood of Jesus Christ. Then his body is anointed, and + thus is fulfilled what stands written: 'Is any man sick + among you? Let him call in the priests of the Church, + and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil.'" + What the Christians of the first centuries did, we do; + and we do it by the direction of Jesus Christ and of + St. James. + </p> + <p> + Penance, Holy Eucharist, and Extreme Unction are + administered to the sick and are known as the last + sacraments. The priest first hears the sick person's + confession, then he administers holy communion. + Afterward he administers the sacrament of Extreme + Unction—last anointing. + </p> + <p> + This sacrament aids the sick to bear their sufferings + with patience. It wipes away sin, even mortal sin if + the person is unable to confess; and it purifies the + soul for its entrance into heaven. The other sacraments + assist us in making our lives holy like the life of our + divine Model. This sacrament assists in making our + death holy, like the death of Jesus. The sacrament of + Baptism met us at our entrance into this world; the + sacrament of Extreme Unction will be our guide at our + departure to the other world. Religion, which rocked us + in the cradle of life, will lull us to sleep in the + cradle of death. + </p> + <p> + Go to the bedside of the dying Catholic and you will + see the reasonableness of the practice of calling the + priest to administer the last sacraments. After the + sacraments have been administered, peace and joy and + contentment are visible on the countenance of the sick + person. He clings no more to the things of earth. His + thoughts are centered in heaven. The minister of God + consoles him with the thought of immortality and the + resurrection of the body. He soon hears the singing of + the angelic choir; and breathing the sweet names of + Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, his soul takes its flight to + the <i>regions of eternal bliss</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_9" id="practice_9">IX. Praying for + the Dead</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "It is therefore a holy and wholesome thought to pray + for the dead, that they may be loosed from their sins" + (<i>2 Mach</i>. xii. 46). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">N</font>O ONE will deny that the + practice of praying for the dead is reasonable, if the + dead are benefited by our prayers. That our prayers are + beneficial to the departed we will endeavor to show. We + are taught by revelation that besides heaven and hell, + a state of everlasting pleasure and a state of eternal + pain, there also exists a middle state of punishment + for those who die in venial sin, or who have not + sufficiently satisfied the justice of God for mortal + sins already forgiven. + </p> + <p> + The people of God in the Old Law believed, and Jesus + Christ and His apostles in the New Law taught, the + existence of this middle state. In the Second Book of + Machabees, quoted above, we read that the pious general + Judas Machabeus having made a collection, "sent twelve + thousand drachmas of silver to Jerusalem for sacrifices + to be offered for the dead [soldiers], thinking well + and religiously concerning the resurrection [for if he + had not hoped that they that were slain should rise + again, it would have seemed superfluous and vain to + pray for the dead], and because he considered that they + who had fallen asleep with godliness had great grace + laid up for them. It is, therefore, a holy and + wholesome thought to pray for the dead that they may be + loosed from their sins." If prayers were not beneficial + to the dead, God would not have sanctioned them. + </p> + <p> + This is exactly the practice of the Catholic Church. We + pray and offer sacrifices for the souls in purgatory, + just as Judas Machabeus did. Even if the Books of + Machabees were not inspired, it is historically true + that the Jews and almost all nations of antiquity + believed in the existence of purgatory and the utility + of prayers for the souls detained there. This universal + consent is the voice of nature and of God. Hence we see + that the practice of praying for the dead is + reasonable. + </p> + <p> + This practice is in accordance with the teaching of + Christ. In the 12th chapter, 32d verse, of St. Matthew, + He says: "He that shall speak against the Holy Ghost, + it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this world nor + in the world to come." + </p> + <p> + These words teach us that some sins will be pardoned in + the life to come. They can not be pardoned in heaven, + since nothing defiled can enter heaven; nor can they be + pardoned in hell, out of which there is no redemption, + for "their worm shall not die, and their fire shall not + be quenched." Therefore, there must be a state in the + next world where sins will be forgiven, and we call + that place or state purgatory. And the existence of + purgatory implies the necessity of praying for those + detained there. The belief in the existence of + purgatory and the practice of praying for the faithful + departed have existed in the Church from the time of + its foundation. + </p> + <p> + Tertullian, who lived in the second century, considered + it a solemn duty, whose obligation came down from the + apostles, to offer sacrifices and prayers for the + faithful departed. St. Augustine says: "The whole + Church received from the tradition of the Fathers to + pray for those who died in the communion of the body + and blood of Christ." The dying request of St. Monica, + the mother of St. Augustine, is well known. "I request + you," she said, "that wherever you may be, you will + remember me at the altar of the Lord." And he assures + us that he frequently and fervently prayed for her + soul. + </p> + <p> + The teaching of the Church of every age confirms the + teaching of the Old and New Testament regarding + purgatory and praying for the dead. To one who believes + in heaven and hell, a place of eternal pleasure and of + eternal punishment, the doctrine of purgatory must + appear as a necessity, and the practice of praying for + the dead reasonable. For it is certain that nothing + defiled can enter heaven. But it is possible that many + die guilty of but slight sins. Therefore, it must be + said that these are damned, which is impious and + absurd; that what is defiled can enter heaven, which is + unscriptural; or that there is a purgatory, a state in + which such souls are made pure as the driven snow, so + that they can enter into the presence of their Maker. + For an infinitely just God can not condemn to the same + eternal punishment the child who dies guilty of a + slight fault and the hardened murderer. No. He will + render to every one according to his works. + </p> + <p> + The doctrine of purgatory, then, is reasonable as well + as scriptural and traditional. Reasonable, too, is the + practice of praying for the dead, for they are still + members of the Church. All the members of the Church, + consisting of the church militant on earth, the church + triumphant in heaven, and the church suffering in + purgatory, are one family bound together by the bond of + charity. The members of the Church on earth pray to + those in heaven, who love us and pray for us; and we + pray for those in purgatory. They are God's friends + deprived of heaven for a time. As those in heaven + rejoice when one sinner does penance, so those in + purgatory hear us, see us, love us, and are helped by + our prayers. We love them and never cease to pray for + them and offer the Holy Sacrifice for them. Even the + unbeliever will stand or kneel by the remains of his + departed friend and offer a prayer for him, thus + showing that praying for the dead is reasonable and the + natural dictate of the human heart. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_10" id="practice_10">X. Praying to + the Saints</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "And may the angel that delivereth me from all evils + bless these boys" (<i>Gen</i>. xlviii. 16). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "So I say to you there shall be joy before the angels + of God upon one sinner doing penance" (<i>Luke</i> xv. + 10). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "For in the resurrection they [the saints] shall be as + the angels of God in heaven" (<i>Matt</i>. xxii. 10). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE saints are friends of God. + They are like the angels in heaven. We honor them, not + as we honor God, but on account of the relation they + bear to God. They are creatures of God, the work of His + hands. When we honor them, we honor God; as when we + praise a beautiful painting, we praise the artist. + </p> + <p> + We do not believe that the saints can help us of + themselves. But we ask them to "pray for us." We + believe that everything comes to us "through Our Lord + Jesus Christ." With these words all our prayers end. It + is useful, salutary, and reasonable to pray to the + saints and ask them to pray for us. No doubt all will + admit the reasonableness of this practice if the saints + can hear and help us. + </p> + <p> + That they hear and help us is evident from many + passages of Scripture. The patriarch Jacob would not + have prayed to the angel to bless his grandchildren + Manasses and Ephraim (as we learn he did from + <i>Gen</i>. xlviii.), unless he knew the angel could do + so. + </p> + <p> + We are informed (<i>Luke</i> xv.) that the angels + rejoice when one sinner does penance. We are also + informed (<i>Matt</i> xxii.) that the saints are like + the angels—<i>i.e.</i>, have the same happiness + and knowledge. + </p> + <p> + Hence the saints, as well as the angels, can hear us, + can help us, and are acquainted with our actions, + words, and thoughts. + </p> + <p> + It is generally conceded that it is reasonable to ask + pious persons on earth to pray for us. St. Paul, in his + epistles, frequently asks the Christians to pray for + him. "Brethren," he says, "pray for us." It is well + known that God was pleased to answer the prayer of + Abraham in favor of Abimelech. "More things are wrought + by prayer than this world knows of." Now, if we poor + sinners here on earth do not pray in vain for one + another, will the saints in heaven, the friends of God, + who rejoice when a sinner does penance, pray in vain + for us? No. We have hosts of friends in heaven to speak + a good word for us. And as a child who has disobeyed + his parents wisely asks a better brother or sister to + intercede with his parents for mercy, so, too, having + disobeyed our heavenly Father by sin, we have recourse + to others better than ourselves, to our better brothers + and sisters, the Blessed Virgin and saints, to + intercede with God for us. + </p> + <p> + Is not this a reasonable practice? + </p> + <p> + If your mother or sister crosses the sea she will + continue to pray for you. And if she crosses the sea of + death will she forget you? No. The love she bore you + here will continue in heaven. She will pray for you, + and the "Lord will hear the prayers of the just." Ask + the saints to pray to your God and their God for you. + Honor God by honoring His friends and asking their + intercession. And all your friends in heaven will unite + in praying to the Father of us all that one day all who + love God and His friends, the saints, may be admitted + with them into the <i>company of the Saint of saints, + Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.</i> + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_11" id="practice_11">XI. Crucifixes, + Relics, and Images</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Thou shalt not make to thyself a graven thing, nor the + likeness of anything that is in the heaven above, or in + the earth beneath, nor of those things that are in the + waters under the earth. Thou shalt not adore them nor + serve them" (<i>Ex</i>. xx. 4, 5). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HIS first commandment teaches + us to adore God alone. It does not forbid the making of + images, but it forbids the adoring of them, worshiping + them as gods. This would be idolatry. If the making of + images were forbidden, it would be improper to have + images or pictures of our friends. + </p> + <p> + It has frequently been said that Catholics ate + idolaters, because they have in their churches + crucifixes, relics, and images of the saints, which + they honor. Perhaps many of those who accuse us of + idolatry, if asked, could not tell what idolatry is. + Idolatry is giving to a creature (whether a crucifix, + an image, or any created thing) that honor which + belongs to God. + </p> + <p> + The honor we give those sacred things is a relative + honor. We honor them on account of the relation they + bear to God and His friends, the saints. + </p> + <p> + Every Catholic, even the child, is taught the + difference between the idol of the pagan and a Catholic + image. Pagans looked upon their idols as gods. They + thought these senseless objects had power, + intelligence, and other attributes of the Deity. They + worshiped them as gods and thought they could assist + them. Hence they were image-worshipers or idolaters. + </p> + <p> + Catholics know full well that images have no + intelligence to understand, no power to assist them. + They do not adore nor serve them. That would be + idolatry. It would be breaking the first commandment. + They do not say when praying before the crucifix or + image of a saint, "I adore thee, O Crucifix"; nor "Help + me, O Image," But they say, "I adore thee, O God, whose + cruel death is represented by this crucifix," or "Pray + for me, O saint represented by this image." + </p> + <p> + We have images, pictures, and relics of Our Lord, His + Blessed Mother, and the saints, for the same reason + that we have relics and portraits of George Washington, + Abraham Lincoln, or of our relatives and friends. They + remind us of the original. Who can look upon the + crucifix or upon a picture of the Crucifixion without + being reminded of all the sufferings of Our Lord and + Saviour Jesus Christ? + </p> + <p> + And who can seriously contemplate those sufferings, + borne for us so patiently, without being moved to pity + and to repentance? Such a person will be moved to say + with the heart if not with the lips: "Oh, my God, I am + sorry for having offended Thee and caused Thee such + suffering. Grant that I may love Thee with my whole + heart and never more offend Thee." + </p> + <p> + Catholics, as we have seen, adore God alone. They honor + the Blessed Virgin and saints represented by images. + They use these holy pictures and statues to beautify + the house of God. These pictures are also a source of + instruction. They are a profession of our faith. If you + enter a house and see on one side of the room a picture + of the Blessed Virgin, Cardinal Gibbons, or of Pope Leo + XIII, and on the other a picture of Lincoln, Cleveland, + or Washington, you will at once know the religious + faith as well as the political belief or patriotism of + the occupant. + </p> + <p> + By the aid of the relics of the martyrs we are reminded + of all they suffered for the faith. By the use of + religious pictures, our devotion is increased and we + are stimulated to imitate the virtues of the saints + represented. + </p> + <p> + If it is reasonable to have pictures of our martyred + President and relics of our Revolutionary heroes that + we may be reminded of their patriotism, it is none the + less reasonable to have pictures and relics of Our + Lord, the Blessed Virgin, and the saints, that we may + be reminded of their virtues. By imitating their + virtues here, we may be <i>happy with them + hereafter</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_12" id="practice_12">XII. Some + Sacramentals</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Pray without ceasing" (<i>2 Thess</i>. v. 17). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "Every creature is sanctified by the word of God and + prayer" (<i>1 Tim</i>. 4, 5). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">B</font>Y SACRAMENTALS we mean the + various prayers, blessings, ceremonies and pious + practices of the Church. Here mention will be made of + some of the most common of the sacramentals that have + not already been treated. Sacramentals, like + sacraments, have an outward sign; the latter, however, + were instituted by Christ, the former by the Church, + and while the latter always give grace if we place no + obstacle in the way, the former do not give grace, but + excite good thoughts, increase devotion, and raise the + mind to God. + </p> + <p> + The chief sacramentals that have not been mentioned are + the books used by the priest in the performance of his + sacred duties, the sign of the cross, holy water, + blessed candles, blessed palm and ashes, holy oils, + scapulars, medals, Agnus Dei, prayers, litanies, + rosary, the Angelus, stations, the funeral service, and + various blessings. + </p> + <p> + The books used by the priest in the performance of his + sacred duties are the <i>Missal</i>, which contains the + Masses for the various feasts of the ecclesiastical + year; the <i>Breviary</i>, in which is the office + recited by the priest every day; and the <i>Ritual</i>, + where is to be found the form of administering the + different sacraments, the funeral service, and the + various benedictions. + </p> + <p> + The sacramental of most frequent use in the Church is + the <i>sign of the cross</i>. It is used to remind us + of the Passion and Death of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus + Christ on the cross. The cross is the emblem of the + Christian, the "sign of the Son of Man." It is an act + of faith in the principal truths of Christianity. When + we say the words, "In the name," we profess our faith + in the unity of God, which means that there is but one + God; "of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy + Ghost," are a profession of faith in the + Trinity—<i>i.e.</i>, that there are three divine + persons in one God. The form of the cross which we + trace with our right hand from our forehead to our + breast, and then from the left to the right shoulder, + is a profession of faith in the Incarnation of the Son + of God, who became man and died on the cross for our + redemption. Tertullian and other writers of the early + ages of the Church tell us that before every action, + before rising or retiring, before meals, at every step, + "we impress on our forehead the sign of the cross." The + Catholic Church of to-day, in accordance with the + teachings of Christ, His apostles, and their successors + of all time, teaches her children to put their trust in + the merits of Jesus Christ's sufferings on the cross, + and to do everything "in the name of the Father and of + the Son and of the Holy Ghost." + </p> + <p> + <i>Holy water</i> is water blessed by a priest. During + the blessing beautiful prayers are recited. These + prayers express the spiritual blessings the Church + wishes to follow all who use it. The Church uses holy + water in all the benedictions and some of her + sacraments. It is placed at the doors of her churches, + that all who enter may use it and be reminded of that + purity of heart which it symbolizes. Holy water is also + kept in the houses of Catholics, to be used in times of + trial and when the priest comes to administer the + sacraments. + </p> + <p> + The <i>blessed candles</i> used in the service of the + Church receive their special blessing on Candlemas Day. + We use these lighted candles at different times to + remind us of Jesus, who is the "Light of the world." + Catholics always keep a blessed candle in the house. + The Church puts a lighted candle in our hand at our + baptism, and wishes us to die with one in our hand, to + remind us to hope in Him who is our Light and the light + of the world. + </p> + <p> + On Ash Wednesday <i>ashes</i> are blessed and put on + the forehead of the faithful in the form of a cross, + with the words, "Remember, man, that thou art dust and + unto dust thou shalt return," to remind them that they + are only dust and ashes. These are the ashes of burnt + <i>palms</i> blessed the Palm Sunday of the previous + year. These palms are blessed in memory of the + triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem, when the + people spread palm branches along the way. This palm + should remind us to perform faithfully our duty if we + wish to enjoy the palm of victory. + </p> + <p> + The <i>holy oils</i> are blessed by the bishop on Holy + Thursday of each year. They are of three kinds: oil of + the sick, used in the sacrament of Extreme Unction; oil + of the Catechumens, used in blessing baptismal water + and in the sacrament of Baptism; and Holy Chrism, used + in the preparation of baptismal water in the ceremonies + of Baptism, Confirmation, and at the consecration of a + bishop, of churches, altars, bells and chalices. The + olive oil used should remind us of Our Saviour's + <i>passion</i> in the Garden of Olives. + </p> + <p> + <i>Agnus Deis</i> (blessed by the Pope), + <i>scapulars</i>, and <i>medals</i> are small articles + worn by Catholics to remind them of Our Lord (the Lamb + of God), of the Blessed Virgin, and of the saints. They + are emblems of the Christian, as the starry banner is + the emblem of the American; and as the flag of our + country shows that we are under the protection of the + Government of the United States, so the Agnus Dei, + scapulars, and medals show that we are under the + protection of Jesus Christ, His Blessed Mother, and His + saints. + </p> + <p> + <i>Prayer</i> is the elevation of our mind and heart to + God to ask Him for all blessings, temporal and + spiritual. Prayer is necessary to salvation. We are + taught in St. Luke (xviii.) to pray always and faint + not. We should pray with attention and devotion, with + confidence and humility. We are told in the Lord's + Prayer to pray for others as well as for ourselves, and + God's choicest blessings will be granted us through + Jesus Christ Our Lord. The best of all prayers is the + one God taught us—the Lord's Prayer. Other + prayers common in the Church are Litanies, Rosaries, + the Angelus, Stations, and the Funeral Service for the + dead. The Litanies most in use in the Church are the + Litany of All Saints, of the Blessed Virgin, of the + Holy Name of Jesus. In these Litanies we ask God to + have mercy on us and the saints to pray for us; but we + ask everything through Jesus Christ Our Lord. Few + practices of the Church are more widespread than the + <i>Rosary</i> of the Blessed Virgin. It consists of the + best of all prayers—the Apostles' Creed, the Our + Father, three Hail Marys, and the Glory be to the + Father; then the Our Father and ten Hail Marys repeated + five times. This constitutes the beads, or one-third + part of the Rosary. During the recitation of these + prayers the mind should be occupied meditating on the + principal mysteries of the life of Our Lord. These + mysteries are divided into the five joyful mysteries: + the Annunciation by the angel Gabriel, the Visitation + of the Blessed Virgin to St. Elizabeth, the Birth of + Our Lord, the Presentation, and the Finding in the + Temple; the five sorrowful mysteries: the Agony in the + Garden, the Scourging, the Crowning with Thorns, the + Carrying of the Cross, and the Crucifixion; and the + five glorious mysteries: the Resurrection, the + Ascension, the Descent of the Holy Ghost, the + Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, and the Crowning of + the Blessed Virgin in heaven. Any one of these + mysteries furnishes sufficient material to occupy the + mind of man for hours. These mysteries contain the + whole history of the Redemption. The prayers and + meditations of the Rosary satisfy the minds of the + humblest, while they are sufficient to occupy the + attention of the most exalted and most cultivated. The + <i>Angelus</i> is a beautiful prayer, said morning, + noon, and night. In Catholic countries the bell is + rung, when all cease their occupations, kneel, and + recite: "The angel of the Lord declared unto Mary, and + she conceived by the Holy Ghost"—a Hail Mary. + "Behold the handmaid of the Lord—be it done unto + me according to Thy Word"—a Hail Mary. "And the + Word was made flesh, and dwelt amongst us"—a Hail + Mary. The prayer: "Pour forth, we beseech Thee, O Lord, + Thy grace into our hearts, that we, to whom the + Incarnation of Christ, Thy Son, was made known by the + message of an angel, may by His passion and cross be + brought to the glory of His resurrection, through the + same Christ Our Lord. Amen." By this beautiful practice + we show in a special manner our faith in the + Incarnation of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. + </p> + <p> + The <i>Stations of the Cross</i> are fourteen paintings + representing the various stages of the passion and + death of Our Redeemer. The faithful pass from station + to station and meditate upon that feature of the + passion represented by each station. Tradition tells us + that from the beginning pious pilgrims were accustomed + to tread the path and bedew with their tears the way + sanctified by our Saviour on that sorrowful journey + from Pilate's tribunal to Calvary's heights. But + Jerusalem falling into the hands of infidels, and many + being unable to visit those holy places, permission was + obtained to erect in churches fourteen crosses and + pictures commemorating these sorrowful acts. From these + stations all can meditate upon the sufferings of our + Saviour, and learn from Him submission to God's holy + will, patience, charity, and forgiveness of injuries. + </p> + <p> + The <i>funeral service</i> of the Catholic Church is + beautiful, touching, and instructive. After blessing, + strengthening, and encouraging us through life with her + sacraments; after fortifying our souls for the last + great struggle, she follows us beyond the grave with + her blessings, her prayers, and her sacrifices. + "Eternal rest give unto them, O Lord," she prays; "and + let perpetual light shine upon them. May they rest in + peace." + </p> + <p> + There are various other prayers and blessings used by + the Church on special occasions. In fact, the Church + blesses everything she uses. This blessing of the + priest is not such an absurd thing as some imagine it + to be; it is rather a most reasonable practice. It is + simply a prayer said by the priest, asking God to send + His blessing upon the person or thing indicated. People + of all denominations say grace before meals, asking God + to bless the food they are about to use. This is + precisely what the priest does when blessing anything. + He uses different forms of prayer ordained by the + Church to implore God's blessing upon the water, + candles, and other things before using them. This + blessing of churches, water, candles, and other things + has its foundation on Scripture. We read in the Old + Testament of the solemn blessing of the Temple of + Solomon. St. Paul tells us that "every creature is + sanctified by the word of God and prayer." Churches, + water, candles, bells, books, persons, and other things + blessed by the Church are creatures. Therefore we are + following St. Paul in blessing them, for every creature + is sanctified by the word of God and prayer. + </p> + <p> + We do not claim that those articles that are blessed + have any efficacy in themselves; but we hope and pray + that God in His infinite goodness and mercy may render + those blessed articles beneficial to those using them, + may protect them and lead them to <i>His blessed abode + above, where all is peace and light and love.</i> + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_13" id="practice_13">XIII. The + Celebration of Feasts</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Seven days shalt thou celebrate feasts to the Lord thy + God, in the place which the Lord shalt choose" + (<i>Deut</i>. xvi. 15). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "If he will not hear the Church, let him be to thee as + the heathen and the publican" (<i>Matt.</i> xviii. 17). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">F</font>ROM these texts we learn that + besides the Sunday God wishes certain other days to be + observed religiously, and that the Church has the power + of designating these days. + </p> + <p> + As the State sets aside certain national holidays in + commemoration of its founder or of the Declaration of + Independence, so the Church sets aside these holidays + in honor of Jesus Christ, the Blessed Virgin, and the + saints. + </p> + <p> + Besides the feasts celebrated on Sundays, there are in + this country but six holidays of obligation. Three of + these are commemorative of events in the life of Our + Lord: Christmas, the Circumcision, and the Ascension; + two, the Immaculate Conception and the Assumption, in + honor of the Blessed Virgin; and one in honor of God's + saints—the Feast of All Saints. + </p> + <p> + The ecclesiastical year begins in Advent. Advent is a + period of about four weeks of penance and prayer + preparatory to the great feast of Christmas and + corresponding to the penitential season of Lent before + Easter. During the ecclesiastical year, the first of + the feasts of obligation in the order of time is the + feast of the <i>Immaculate Conception</i>. + </p> + <p> + It is celebrated on the 8th of December. On this day we + commemorate the fact that Mary was immaculate when she + first came into being in her mother's womb; that she + was always pure; that sin never touched her fair soul. + Immaculate Conception, as you will see in the article + on the Blessed Virgin, means that she was always free + from sin. + </p> + <p> + The great feast of <i>Christmas</i>, in honor of the + birth of Jesus Christ, is celebrated on December 25th. + This feast is a time of joy and peace to all mankind, + and is celebrated by the Church with much pomp and + ceremony. + </p> + <p> + The festival of the <i>Circumcision</i> is kept on the + first day of the new year. It is commemorative of Our + Lord's strict observance of the law by submitting to + the Jewish ceremony of circumcision. We solemnly + celebrate the day in honor of our merciful Lord, who is + our model in all things. + </p> + <p> + Next in the order of time is the feast of the + <i>Ascension</i>. It is kept forty days after the grand + feast of Easter, and is in honor of Our Lord's glorious + ascension into heaven. + </p> + <p> + The <i>Assumption</i> of the Blessed Virgin, celebrated + the 15th of August, is commemorative of the glorious + taking up to heaven of Mary, soul and body. (This is a + pious tradition.) + </p> + <p> + <i>All Saints'</i> Day is November 1st. Every day is a + saint's day. There is not a day that the Catholic + Church does not celebrate a feast in honor of some + special mystery or saint. But as there are more saints + in heaven than could be thus specially honored, she + sets aside this one day every year in honor of all the + saints in heaven. + </p> + <p> + There are various other important feasts, some of which + fall on Sunday; but these we have mentioned being + feasts of obligation to be observed as Sunday, it was + thought that it would not be uninteresting to give a + short explanation of them. + </p> + <p> + On them we honor God and His special friends. Let us + always, by faith, hope, and love, <i>bear Jesus in our + minds and hearts</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_14" id="practice_14">XIV. Infant + Baptism</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "Amen, amen, I say to thee, unless a man be born again + of water and the Holy Ghost, he can not enter into the + kingdom of God" (<i>John</i> iii 5). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>HILE most Christians admit the + necessity of Baptism for adults, the Catholic Church is + alone in insisting upon the practice of infant Baptism. + This practice is in accordance with the teaching of St. + John, quoted above. It is also in accordance with + apostolic teaching and practice. + </p> + <p> + We read in the 16th chapter of the Acts of the Apostles + that St. Paul baptized Lydia "and her household," and + that the keeper of the prison was converted and "was + baptized and presently all his family." Among these + families it is but reasonable to suppose that there + were some infants. + </p> + <p> + Infant Baptism was the practice of the apostles; it was + the practice of the Christians of the early Church, as + Origen tells us. The Church received the tradition from + the apostles to give Baptism to infants, and it has + been the practice of the Church from the time of Christ + until the present. + </p> + <p> + St. Paul tells us that Adam's sin was transmitted to + all his posterity. "Wherefore as by one man sin entered + into this world, and by sin death, and so death passed + unto all men in whom all have sinned" (<i>Rom</i>. v. + 12). Every infant, according to St. Paul, is born to + sin—original sin. But as Baptism takes away + original sin, and as nothing defiled can enter heaven + (<i>Apoc</i>. xxi.), Baptism of infants is necessary to + open for them the gates of heaven. + </p> + <p> + Baptism may be validly administered by dipping, + sprinkling, or pouring. The method practised in this + part of Christendom is pouring the water on the head of + the person to be baptized, saying at the same time: "I + baptize thee in the name of the Father and of the Son + and of the Holy Ghost." + </p> + <p> + The reasonableness of the practice of baptizing infants + will be evident if we remember that Christ taught the + necessity of baptism for all when He said: "Unless a + man be born again of water and the Holy Ghost, he can + not enter into the kingdom of God"; and that He + declared little children capable of entering into the + kingdom of God when He said: "Suffer little children to + come unto Me and forbid them not, for of such is the + kingdom of heaven." + </p> + <p> + Now, if infants are capable of entering heaven (and + Christ so declares), they must be capable of receiving + Baptism, without which Christ says no one can enter the + kingdom of God. + </p> + <p> + While in adults faith and sorrow for sin are required + before receiving Baptism, no disposition is required in + infants. + </p> + <p> + They contracted original sin without their knowledge; + without their knowledge they are freed from it. + </p> + <p> + By Baptism they are made heirs of the kingdom of + heaven. + </p> + <p> + They can be made heirs of property, of a kingdom on + earth without their consent; why not also of the + kingdom of heaven? + </p> + <p> + Baptism is the first of the seven sacraments which the + Church confers upon man. It cleanses us from original + sin (actual sin also if the recipient be guilty of + any), makes us Christians, children of God, and heirs + of heaven. It prepares us for the reception of the + other sacraments. By Baptism we all contracted the + obligation of believing and practising the doctrines of + Jesus Christ as taught us by the true Church. We fulfil + this obligation by <i>leading a truly Christian + life</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_15" id="practice_15">XV. The Marriage + Tie—One and Indissoluble</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "But I say to you that whosoever shall put away his + wife, excepting for the cause of fornication, maketh + her to commit adultery; and he that shall marry her + that is put away committeth adultery" (<i>Matt</i>. v. + 33). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "What, therefore, God hath joined together, let no man + put asunder" (<i>Matt</i>. xix. 5, 6). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">F</font>EW practices of the Church have + been productive of more good to society than that + concerning Christian marriage. The Christian family is + the foundation of Christian society, and Christian + marriage is the basis of the Christian family. Without + marriage neither the family nor society could exist. + Marriage was instituted by God before society existed, + and, as a natural consequence, it is subject not to the + laws of society, but to the laws of God and His Church. + The principal law and necessary condition of Christian + marriage is its unity and indissolubility. It is the + union of one man with one woman for the purposes + intended by the Creator, which union is to last as long + as both survive. Such was marriage in the beginning; to + such it was restored by our Saviour when He made it a + sacrament of His law and a type of His union with His + Church. + </p> + <p> + The practice of the Catholic Church in not permitting a + divorce that will allow either party to marry during + the life of the other, is clearly taught by Jesus + Christ in the 5th chapter of Matthew: "He who puts away + his wife maketh her to commit adultery, and he that + marrieth her committeth adultery." + </p> + <p> + No human power can break the bond of marriage. "What + God hath joined together, let no man put asunder." It + is the work of God. Let no man dare meddle with it. St. + Paul teaches the same when he says in the 39th verse of + the 7th chapter of the First Epistle to the + Corinthians: "A woman is bound by the law as long as + her husband liveth; but if her husband die, she is at + liberty, let her marry whom she will." The practice of + the Catholic Church is conformable to this teaching of + Christ, St. Paul, the apostles, and their successors. + </p> + <p> + In defence of this practice of forbidding divorce, + since marriage is one and indissoluble, the Catholic + Church has had many a severe conflict. And had she not + fought this battle bravely for the sanctity, the unity, + and the indissolubility of the marriage tie, Europe and + America would today be in as degraded a condition as + are the Mahometan and other nations where the laws of + marriage are disregarded. For divorces are not only + contrary to Christ's teaching concerning the sanctity, + unity, and indissolubility of the marriage tie, but are + also subversive of society. They sever the marriage tie + inasmuch as the law of man can do it. If the marriage + tie is loosened, the family is dissolved; and if the + family is dissolved, society, the state, falls to ruin. + Divorce destroys conjugal love, causes unhappiness, + renders the proper education of children impossible, + and often leads to terrible crimes. Is it not + reasonable as well as scriptural to forbid it? + </p> + <p> + The Christian husband and wife, knowing the sanctity, + the unity, and the indissolubility of the marriage tie, + live in love and peace and honor together; together + they rear the issue of their union, teaching them to be + good children, good citizens, and good Christians; + together, after a long, a prosperous, and a happy + union, they return to dust; and together they will meet + again beyond the confines of the tomb—<i>yes, + they will meet to part no more</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_16" id="practice_16">XVI. Respect + Shown to Ecclesiastical Superiors</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "We are ambassadors for Christ; God, as it were, + exhorting by us" (<i>2 Cor</i>. v. 20). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "As the Father sent me, I also send you" (<i>John</i> + xx. 21). + </p> + <p align="center"> + "Go ye into the whole world and preach the Gospel to + every creature" (<i>Mark</i> xvi. 15). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE respect Catholics have for + the bishops and priests of the Church is often a matter + of surprise to those not of the Faith. They do not + understand, as Catholics do, that the priests are + "ambassadors for Christ" sent to "preach the Gospel to + every creature." For Christ instituted the priesthood + to carry on divine worship, to govern the Church, to + preach His doctrine, and to administer the sacraments. + </p> + <p> + As in the Old Law God chose His priests from among the + family of Aaron, so in the New Law He chooses them from + among those whom His apostles and their successors see + fit to ordain. Priests and other ministers of the + Church receive in the sacrament of Holy Orders the + power and grace to perform their sacred duties. If we + would but consider seriously for a moment the + importance of these duties and the great dignity of the + minister of God, we would have no difficulty in + understanding the reasonableness of the Catholic + practice of showing profound respect to God's + priesthood. + </p> + <p> + The priest is the minister of Jesus Christ, who chose + him that he might obtain for himself the greatest good + and in return bestow this good upon his fellow-man. + Jesus Christ chose him that he might aid Him in the + work for which He came on earth. What a noble mission! + What important duties! What a great dignity! To aid + Jesus Christ in saving souls, to teach them the truths + of salvation, to loose them from their sins, to offer + the eucharistic sacrifice for them, to pray for them, + to minister unto them, and to fill them with Heaven's + choice blessings; for such a high mission, for such + important duties did Jesus Christ choose the priest. If + his duties are so important, his dignity must be + correspondingly great. + </p> + <p> + On the banks of the Lake of Genesareth the Great + Teacher chose Peter as His vicar and head of His + Church. As the pontiff could not be everywhere, Peter + and the other apostles imposed hands on others as the + needs of the growing Church demanded. They understood + that it was by a living, teaching ministry this work of + salvation was to be carried on. For we find it recorded + in the 14th chapter of the Acts that Paul and Barnabas + ordained priests in Lystra and Iconium. + </p> + <p> + Paul also consecrated Titus Bishop of Crete, for the + express purpose of ordaining others. Thus we see that + as Christ was sent by the Father, the apostles by + Christ, so, too, is the priest invested with the same + power "for the perfecting of the saints, for the work + of the ministry and for the edification of the body of + Christ" (<i>Eph</i>. iv. 12), and that no one but a + priest divinely called, rightly ordained, and + legitimately sent has power from God to teach God's + words to the faithful. He is the ambassador of God, + commissioned to do His work with His authority; the + vicar of Christ continuing the work He commenced; and + the organ of the Holy Ghost for the sanctification of + souls. He is ever imitating his model, going "about + doing good." He devotes his life to alleviate the + sufferings of men. To spend one's life instructing man + is but second in importance to alleviating his + sufferings. This the priest is ever doing. He rescued + us from barbarism; saved for us at the risk of his life + the Holy Scriptures, the classics of Greece and Rome, + and the writings of the Fathers; founded the great + universities of Europe; and is to-day, as in the past, + the greatest educator in the world. He does all this + for love of God. Do you wonder, then, that Catholics + love and revere their priests? + </p> + <p> + Nowhere can there be found a body of men or a series of + rulers so venerable, so renowned for wisdom, justice, + charity, and holiness, as the Popes, bishops, and + priests of the Catholic Church in every age, <i>from + the time of Christ until the present</i>. + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_17" id="practice_17">XVII. + Celibacy</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "He who is unmarried careth about the things of the + Lord, how he may please God" (<i>i Cor</i>. vii. 32). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">T</font>HE Catholic Church recognizes + matrimony as a holy state. She recommends celibacy to + those desiring greater perfection, and enjoins it on + her priests because, as St. Paul says, "He who is + unmarried careth about the things of the Lord." It is + said that the life of the priest is a hard, lonely one, + and that it is unscriptural. Let us see. That his life + is one of hardships is certain. His path is by no means + one of roses; it is rather one covered with thorns. The + young man knows this well before he enters it. With a + full knowledge of its duties and responsibilities, he + willingly enters the priesthood. He knows well that it + is a life full of trials and crosses. He knows, too, + that the whole life of Jesus Christ, from the stable of + Bethlehem to the cross on Calvary's heights, was one + continuous trial, cross, mortification; and that the + life of every follower, especially every minister, of + Jesus Christ should be fashioned after that of his + divine model. "If any man will come after Me," He says + in the 16th chapter of St. Matthew, "let him deny + himself, take up his cross and follow Me." The + disciple, the minister of Christ, is not above his + Master; and it is not becoming that the path of the + disciple or minister should be covered with flowers + while that of the Master was strewn with thorns and + sprinkled with His own precious blood. + </p> + <p> + Yes, the priest's life is one of trials, crosses, and + hardships. But the more trials he has to bear, the more + crosses he has to carry, the more hardships he has to + endure, the greater is his resemblance to his model, + Jesus Christ; and if he bears those trials, crosses, + and hardships, which he shares with his Master here, + with a proper spirit, the more certain he is of sharing + with Him a happy eternity hereafter. + </p> + <p> + But is the life of celibacy unscriptural? No. In fact, + few questions are more clearly defined in Holy + Scripture than that of religious celibacy. St. Paul, in + the 7th chapter of the First Epistle to the + Corinthians, says: "I would have you without + solicitude. He who is unmarried careth for the things + of the Lord, how he may please God; but he who is + married careth about the things of the world, how he + may please his wife, and is divided. And the unmarried + woman and virgin thinketh about the things of the Lord, + how she may be holy in body and spirit. But she that is + married thinketh about the things of the world, how she + may please her husband. Therefore," he concludes, "he + that giveth his virgin in marriage doth well; and he + who giveth her not doth better." Could language be + clearer? Marriage is good; celibacy is better. + </p> + <p> + "He that is unmarried careth about the things of the + Lord, how he may please God." This teaching of St. Paul + is the teaching of the Church— that marriage is + honorable, is good, but that there is a better, a + holier state for those who are called by the grace of + God to embrace it. + </p> + <p> + Religious celibacy is one of the principal reasons why + the Catholic priest and missionary will risk all + dangers, overcome all obstacles, face all terrors, and + in time of plague expose himself to death in its most + disgusting forms for the good of his fellow-man. + </p> + <p> + All are acquainted with the noble examples of numbers + of priests and Sisters of Charity who, at the risk of + their own lives, voluntarily nursed the sick and dying + during the yellow-fever scourge in the South a few + years ago. Do you think they would have done so had + they families depending upon them? No; they would have + cared for the things of this world. Jesus Christ has + said: "Greater love than this no man hath, that a man + give up his life for his fellow-man." This the good + priest is ever doing, ever ready to do. Although death + stares him in the face, he never shrinks from his post + of duty, never abandons his flock while there is a + wound to heal, a soul to save. + </p> + <p> + When his duty calls him, he is not afraid of death, + because St. Paul says: "<i>He who is without a wife is + solicitous about the things of the Lord.</i>" + </p> + <h2> + <a name="practice_18" id="practice_18">XVIII. + Conclusion</a> + </h2> + <p align="center"> + "If thou wilt enter into life keep the commandments" + (<i>Matt</i>. xix. 17). + </p> + <p> + <font size="+3">W</font>HEN Jesus Christ died on the + cross for us, He did so in order to lead us into life, + to open heaven for all mankind. How important our + salvation must be, then, for which Christ shed His + precious blood. If it is important, He must have taught + us how to attain it. This, too, He did by the words, + "keep the commandments." + </p> + <p> + To assist us in keeping the commandments He left a + representative on earth. His Church, whose ministers + were to teach all nations, is this representative. To + her He said: "He that hears you, hears Me." + </p> + <p> + The night before He died He instituted the adorable + sacrifice of the Mass, saying: "This is My body . . . + This is My blood which shall be shed for you." He then + gave the apostles and their successors power to do what + He had just done: "Do this in commemoration of Me." He + also gave them power to baptize, to forgive sins, to + bless, to be "dispensers of the mysteries of God." He + gave them power to confer these powers on others. "As + the Father sent Me [<i>i.e.</i>, with the same power] I + also send you." To these apostles and their successors + He spoke when He said that He would remain with them + until the consummation of the world. To them and the + Church He said: "He that hears you hears Me." What the + Church teaches, then, Christ teaches. + </p> + <p> + As, in the natural order, man is born, grows to + manhood, is nourished, and if sick needs proper food + and remedies: so, in the supernatural order, there is a + birth, it is Baptism; there is a manly growth, it is + Confirmation; there is a nourishing food, it is the + Holy Eucharist, the Bread of Life; there is a medicinal + remedy against death, it is Penance; and there is a + balm to heal the wounds, the scars of sin, it is + Extreme Unction. These are some of the channels through + which God's grace flows into our souls to assist us to + keep the commandments. + </p> + <p> + The practices of the Church naturally flow from her + teachings. She teaches that there is but one God, the + creator and Lord of heaven and earth and all things; + that man by his reason alone can find out this truth; + that the order, beauty, and harmony of the works of + nature show God's work; but that there are some truths + which the deepest intellect of man can never fathom. + Hence she teaches that God has revealed certain truths; + such as the mysteries of the Holy Trinity, the + Incarnation, and the Blessed Sacrament. When we know + that God has revealed these truths we are acting + reasonably not only in believing them, but also in + showing our belief by practices of respect, adoration, + and love. + </p> + <p> + The Church teaches that we must not only believe, but + practise our religion. For faith alone will not save + us. "Faith without works is dead." To have these works + we must "keep the commandments." We must love God above + all things and our neighbor as ourselves. All the + commandments are comprised in this. In fact, the + essence of Christianity is charity. + </p> + <p> + Where will you find charity practised in reality except + in the Catholic Church? If you wish to see the truth of + this, visit our larger towns and cities, and you will + find hundreds of hospitals, asylums, schools, and other + charitable institutions in which are thousands of the + children of the Catholic Church, who have left + everything to alleviate every ill that flesh is heir + to, and follow the meek and humble Jesus in His mission + of love. + </p> + <p> + The Catholic Church alone teaches, as Jesus taught + while on earth, the duty of penance. "If any man will + come after Me, let him deny himself, take up his cross + and follow Me." According to Christ's teaching, the + Church sets aside the penitential season of Lent and + other times of mortification. + </p> + <p> + The Church also teaches that we must not only be + faithful in the observance of the practices of + religion, but that we must also live in peace and + justice and charity with all mankind, and die with a + hope beyond the grave. If we love God we will + faithfully observe the practices of the Church; these + practices will assist us in keeping the commandments, + by which we will enter into life. + </p> + <p> + We have seen that the various ceremonies and practices + of the Catholic Church are dictated by right reason; + that they are the rational deduction from Christ's + teaching; that they obtain for us divine grace, excite + pious thoughts, and elevate our minds to God; and that + a true Christian is one who not only believes but also + practises the teachings of Christ and His Church. The + observance of these pious practices of the Church makes + us Christians in fact as well as in name. They assist + us to keep the commandment and to live in accordance + with our faith. By faithfully observing them, we show + that we are not ashamed to be Christ's followers. And + if we follow Him, who is the way, the truth, and the + life, we will not walk in darkness; but will enter by + the narrow way into the presence of truth itself, <i>in + the regions of eternal light</i>. + </p><br> + <br> + <p align="center"> + PRINTED BY BENZINGER BROTHERS, NEW YORK + </p> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Mary, Help of Christians, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MARY, HELP OF CHRISTIANS *** + +***** This file should be named 33596-h.htm or 33596-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/3/5/9/33596/ + +Produced by Michael Gray, the Diocese of San Jose + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Mary, Help of Christians + And the Fourteen Saints Invoked as Holy Helpers: + Instructions, Novenas and Prayers with Thoughts of the + Saints for Every Day in the Year + +Author: Various + +Contributor: John J. Burke + +Editor: Bonaventure Hammer + +Release Date: August 31, 2010 [EBook #33596] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MARY, HELP OF CHRISTIANS *** + + + + +Produced by Michael Gray, the Diocese of San Jose + + + + + MARY, THE HELP OF CHRISTIANS + + + + MARY, HELP OF CHRISTIANS + AND THE + Fourteen Saints Invoked as Holy Helpers + + Instructions, Legends, Novenas and Prayers + WITH + Thoughts of the Saints for Every Day in the Year + + + + COMPILED BY + REV. BONAVENTURE HAMMER, O.F.M. + + + + TO WHICH IS ADDED AN APPENDIX ON THE + Reasonableness of Catholic Ceremonies and Practices + BY REV. JOHN J. BURKE + + +--- + + + NEW YORK, CINCINNATI, CHICAGO + BENZIGER BROTHERS + + PRINTERS TO THE HOLY APOSTOLIC SEE + PUBLISHERS OF BENZINGER'S MAGAZINE + + + + Imprimi Permittitur. + FR. CHRYSOSTOMUS THEOBALD, O.F.M., + _Minister Provincialis._ + Cincinnati, Ohio, die 30, Martii, 1908. + + Nihil Obstat. + REMY LAPORT, S.T.L., + _Censor Librorum._ + + Imprimatur. + JOHN M. FARLEY, + Archbishop of New York. + + + + NEW YORK, March 4, 1909. + + COPYRIGHT, 1909, BY BENZIGER BROTHERS. + + + +PREFACE + +THE contents of the following pages are based on the Catholic doctrine +of the veneration and invocation of the saints, and of the efficacy of +the prayer of intercession. The legends of the individual "Holy Helpers" +were compiled from authors whose writings have the approval of the +Church. + +In compliance with the decrees of Pope Urban VIII of 1625, 1631, and +1634, the compiler formally declares that he submits everything +contained in this little book to the infallible judgment of the Church, +and that he claims no other than human credibility for the facts, +legends, and miracles related, except where the Church has otherwise +decided. + + THE COMPILER. + + + Contents + + PREFACE + + PART I + The Veneration and Invocation of Saints and the Efficacy of Prayer + + CHAPTER I + THE VENERATION AND INVOCATION OF SAINTS + + CHAPTER II + EFFICACY OF THE INTERCESSION OF THE SAINTS + + CHAPTER III + FOR WHAT THE INTERCESSION OF THE SAINTS MAY AND SHOULD BE INVOKED + + CHAPTER IV + THE QUALITIES OF PRAYER + + PART II + Mary, the Help of Christians + Novenas in Preparation for the Principal Feasts of the Blessed Virgin + + RULES FOR THE PROPER OBSERVANCE OF NOVENAS + ON THE MANNER OF READING THE MEDITATIONS AND OBSERVING THE PRACTICES + + INTRODUCTION + + MARY, THE HELP OF CHRISTIANS + + I. NOVENA IN HONOR OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION OF THE BLESSED +VIRGIN MARY + + FIRST DAY.--THE PREDESTINATION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY + SECOND DAY.--MARY'S IMMACULATE CONCEPTION + THIRD DAY.--MARY, THE VICTRIX OF SATAN + FOURTH DAY.--MARY WITHOUT ACTUAL SIN + FIFTH DAY.--MARY, FULL OF GRACE + SIXTH DAY.--MARY, OUR REFUGE + SEVENTH DAY.--MARY, THE MOTHER OF CHASTITY + EIGHTH DAY.--THE IMAGE OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION + NINTH DAY.--THE FEAST OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION + + II. NOVENA IN HONOR OF THE NATIVITY OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY + + FIRST DAY.--THE BIRTH OF MARY + SECOND DAY.--MARY, THE ELECT OF GOD + THIRD DAY.--MARY, THE CHILD OF ROYALTY + FOURTH DAY.--MARY, THE CHILD OF PIOUS PARENTS + FIFTH DAY.--MARY'S SUPERNATURAL PREROGATIVES + SIXTH DAY.--MARY, THE JOY OF THE MOST HOLY TRINITY + SEVENTH DAY.--THE ANGELS REJOICE AT MARY'S BIRTH + EIGHTH DAY.--THE JOY OF THE JUST IN LIMBO AT MARY'S BIRTH + NINTH DAY.--THE HOLY NAME OF MARY + + III. NOVENA FOR THE FEAST OF THE ANNUNCIATION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN +MARY + + FIRST DAY.--THE ANNUNCIATION + SECOND DAY.--THE IMPORT OF THE ANGEL'S SALUTATION + THIRD DAY.--THE EFFECT OF THE ANGEL'S SALUTATION + FOURTH DAY.--MARY'S QUESTION + FIFTH DAY.--THE SOLUTION + SIXTH DAY.--MARY'S CONSENT + SEVENTH DAY.--MARY'S FORTITUDE IN SUFFERING + EIGHTH DAY.--MARY, THE MOTHER OF GOD + NINTH DAY.--MARY OUR MOTHER + + IV. NOVENA IN HONOR OF THE SEVEN SORROWS OF MARY + + FIRST DAY.--DEVOTION TO THE SEVEN SORROWS OF MARY + SECOND DAY.--MARY'S FIRST SORROW: SIMEON'S PROPHECY IN THE TEMPLE + THIRD DAY.--MARY'S SECOND SORROW: THE FLIGHT INTO EGYPT + FOURTH DAY.--MARY'S THIRD SORROW: JESUS LOST IN JERUSALEM + FIFTH DAY.--MARY'S FOURTH SORROW: SHE MEETS JESUS CARRYING HIS CROSS + SIXTH DAY.--MARY'S FIFTH SORROW: BENEATH THE CROSS + SEVENTH DAY.--MARY'S SIXTH SORROW: THE TAKING DOWN OF JESUS' BODY FROM +THE CROSS + EIGHTH DAY.--MARY'S SEVENTH SORROW: JESUS IS BURIED + NINTH DAY.--WHY MARY HAD TO SUFFER + + V. NOVENA FOR THE FEAST OF THE ASSUMPTION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY + + FIRST DAY.--MARY'S DEATH WAS WITHOUT PAIN + SECOND DAY.--AT MARY'S TOMB + THIRD DAY.--THE EMPTY TOMB + FOURTH DAY.--REASONS FOR THE BODILY ASSUMPTION OF MARY INTO HEAVEN + FIFTH DAY.--MARY'S GLORIOUS ENTRANCE INTO HEAVEN + SIXTH DAY.--MARY CROWNED IN HEAVEN + SEVENTH DAY.--MARY'S BLISS IN HEAVEN + EIGHTH DAY.--MARY, THE QUEEN OF MERCY + NINTH DAY.--MARY IN HEAVEN THE HELP OF CHRISTIANS ON EARTH + + PART III + The Fourteen Holy Helpers + + CHAPTER I + THE FOURTEEN HOLY HELPERS + + CHAPTER II + LEGENDS + + THE LEGENDS OF THE FOURTEEN HOLY HELPERS + I.--ST. GEORGE, MARTYR + II.--ST. BLASE, BISHOP AND MARTYR + III.--ST. ERASMUS, BISHOP AND MARTYR + IV.--ST. PANTALEON, PHYSICIAN AND MARTYR + V.--ST. VITUS, MARTYR + VI.--ST. CHRISTOPHORUS, MARTYR + VII.--ST. DIONYSIUS, BISHOP AND MARTYR + VIII.--ST. CYRIACUS, DEACON AND MARTYR + IX.--ST. ACHATIUS, MARTYR + X.--ST. EUSTACHIUS, MARTYR + XI.--ST. GILES, HERMIT AND ABBOT + XII.--ST. MARGARET, VIRGIN AND MARTYR + XIII.--ST. CATHERINE, VIRGIN AND MARTYR + XIV.--ST. BARBARA, VIRGIN AND MARTYR + + PART IV + I. Novenas to the Holy Helpers + + NOVENA TO EACH OF THE HOLY HELPERS + I.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. GEORGE + II.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. BLASE + III.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. ERASMUS + IV.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. PANTALEON + V.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. VITUS + VI.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. CHRISTOPHORUS + VII.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. DIONYSIUS + VIII.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. CYRIACUS + IX.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. ACHATIUS + X.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. EUSTACHIUS + XI.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. GILES + XII.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. MARGARET + XIII.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. CATHERINE + XIV.--NOVENA IN HONOR OF ST. BARBARA + + NOVENA TO ALL THE HOLY HELPERS + + FIRST DAY.--THE DEVOTION TO THE FOURTEEN HOLY HELPERS + SECOND DAY.--THE DESTINY OF MAN + THIRD DAY.--THE VIRTUE OF FAITH + FOURTH DAY.--THE VIRTUE OF HOPE + FIFTH DAY.--THE LOVE OF GOD + SIXTH DAY.--THE VIRTUE OF CHARITY + SEVENTH DAY.--HUMAN RESPECT + EIGHTH DAY.--PRAYER + NINTH DAY.--PERSEVERANCE + + II. Prayers and Petitions + + PRAYERS OF PETITION AND INTERCESSION + + I.--THREE INVOCATIONS + II.--PRAYER IN ILLNESS + III.--PRAYER FOR THE SICK + IV.--PRAYER OF PARENTS FOR THEIR CHILDREN + V.--PRAYER OF CHILDREN FOR THEIR PARENTS + VI.--PRAYER FOR MARRIED PEOPLE + + PART V + General Devotions + + MORNING PRAYERS + EVENING PRAYERS + PRAYERS AT HOLY MASS + PRAYERS AFTER MASS + PRAYERS FOR CONFESSION + Before Confession + After Confession + PRAYERS FOR HOLY COMMUNION + Before Communion + After Communion + VISIT TO THE BLESSED SACRAMENT + PRAYER TO THE SACRED HEART OF JESUS + PRAYERS TO JESUS SUFFERING + THE STATIONS OF THE CROSS + PRAYER TO OUR SUFFERING REDEEMER + PRAYER TO THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY + PRAYER FOR ALL THINGS NECESSARY TO SALVATION + + THE FOUR APPROVED LITANIES + LITANY OF THE MOST HOLY NAME OF JESUS + LITANY OF THE SACRED HEART OF JESUS + LITANY OF LORETO, IN HONOR OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY + LITANY OF ALL SAINTS + + PART VI + Thoughts and Counsels of the Saints for Every Day of the Year + + JANUARY + FEBRUARY + MARCH + APRIL + MAY + JUNE + JULY + AUGUST + SEPTEMBER + OCTOBER + NOVEMBER + DECEMBER + + PART VII + Reasonableness of Catholic Ceremonies and Practices + + THE CEREMONIES OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH + I.--Ceremonies Necessary to Divine Worship + II.--Vestments Used by the Priest at Mass + III.--Ceremonies of the Mass + + THE PRACTICES OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH + I.--Vespers and Benediction + II.--Devotion to the Blessed Sacrament + III.--Holy Communion + IV.--Confirmation + V.--Honoring the Blessed Virgin + VI.--Confession of Sin + VII.--Granting Indulgences + VIII.--The Last Sacraments + IX.--Praying for the Dead + X.--Praying to the Saints + XI.--Crucifixes, Relics, and Images + XII.--Some Sacramentals--The Books Used by the Priest, the Sign of +the Cross, Holy Water, Blessed Candles, Palm and Ashes, Holy Oils, +Scapulars, Medals, Agnus Dei, Prayers, Litanies, Rosary, Angelus, +Stations, Funeral Service, and Various Blessings + XIII.--The Celebration of Feasts + XIV.--Infant Baptism + XV.--The Marriage Tie--One and Indissoluble + XVI.--Respect Shown to Ecclesiastical Superiors + XVII.--Celibacy + XVIII.--Conclusion + + + +PART I + +The Veneration and Invocation of Saints, and the Efficacy of Prayer + + +"Remember your prelates who have spoken the word of God to you; whose +faith follow, considering the end of their conversation" (_Heb._ xiii. +7). + +"Wherefore I beseech you, be ye followers of me, as I am also of Christ" +(_1 Cor._ iv. 16). + + +[Illustration: Presentation of Mary in the temple.] + + + +CHAPTER I + +The Veneration and Invocation of Saints + +IN THE Creed of the Council of Trent, which the Catholic Church places +before the faithful as the Rule of Faith, we read: "I firmly believe +that the saints reigning with Christ are to be venerated and invoked." + +The Church therefore teaches, first, that it is right and pleasing to +God to venerate the saints and to invoke their intercession; and second, +that it is useful and profitable to eternal salvation for us to do so. + +The veneration of the saints is useful and profitable to us. Men +conspicuous in life for knowledge, bravery, or other noble qualities and +unusual merits are honored after death. Why, then, should Catholics not +be permitted to honor the heroes of their faith, who excelled in the +practice of supernatural virtue and are in special grace and favor with +God? That this veneration is profitable to us is evident from the fact +that the example of the saints incites us to imitate them to the best of +our ability. + +The veneration of the saints is not only in full accord with the demands +of reason, but we are, moreover, enjoined explicitly by Holy Scripture +to venerate the memory of the holy patriarchs and prophets: "Let us now +praise men of renown, and our fathers in their generation" (_Ecclus_. +xliv. 1). "And their names continue for ever, the glory of the holy men +remaining unto their children" (_Ecclus_. xlvi. 15). + +Reason and Holy Scripture, then, are in favor of the veneration of the +saints. We find it practised, therefore, also in the early Church. She +was convinced from the very beginning of its propriety and utility. As +early as the first century the memorial day of the martyrs' death was +observed by the Christians. They assembled at the tombs of the sainted +victims of pagan cruelty and celebrated their memory by offering up the +Holy Sacrifice over their relics. We know this not only from the +testimony of the earliest ecclesiastical writers, as Origen, Tertullian, +and St. Cyprian, but also from the history of St. Ignatius the Martyr +(d. 107), and of St. Polycarp of Smyrna (d. 166). Over one hundred +panegyrics of various saints written by St. Augustine are still extant. + +And why should it not be right and useful to invoke the _intercession_ +of the saints? Everybody deems it proper to ask a pious friend for his +prayers. St. Paul the Apostle recommended himself to the prayers of the +faithful (_Rom._ xv. 30), and God Himself commanded the friends of Job +to ask Him for His intercession that their sin might not be imputed to +them (_Job_ xlii. 8). How, then, can it be wrong or superfluous to +invoke the intercession of the saints in heaven? The saints are +_willing_ to invoke God's bounty in our favor, for they love us. They +are _able_ to obtain it for us, because God always accepts their prayer +with complacency. That they really hear our prayer and intercede with +God for us is clearly shown by many examples in Holy Scripture. And if, +according to the testimony of St. James (v. 16), the prayer of the just +man here on earth availeth much with God, how much more powerful, then, +must be the prayer of the saints, who are united with God in heaven in +perfect love and are, so to say, partakers of His infinite goodness and +omnipotence? + +A most striking proof of the efficacy of the prayers of the saints is +the numerous miracles wrought and the many favors obtained at all times +through their intercession. Among these miracles are a great number +whose authenticity was declared by the Church after the most scrupulous +and strict investigation, as the acts of canonization prove. + +That the invocation of the saints was a practice of the early Church is +proved by the numerous inscriptions on the tombs of the Roman catacombs +preserved to this day. We read there, for instance, on the tomb of +Sabbatius, a martyr, "Sabbatius, O pious soul, pray and intercede for +your brethren and associates!" On another tomb is inscribed, "Allicius, +thy spirit is blessed; pray for thy parents!" And again, "Jovianus, live +in God, and pray for us!" + +We have also the testimony of one of the greatest thinkers and +Protestant philosophers, Leibnitz, for the claim that the veneration and +invocation of the saints is founded in reason, on Holy Scripture, and on +the tradition of the Church. He writes: "Because we justly expect great +advantage by uniting our prayers with those of our brethren here on +earth, I can not understand how it can be called a crime if a person +invokes the intercession of a glorified soul, or an angel. If it be +really idolatry or a detestable cult to invoke the saints and the angels +to intercede for us with God, I do not comprehend how Basil, Gregory +Nazianzen, Ambrose, and others, who were hitherto considered saints, can +be absolved from idolatry or superstition. To continue in such a +practice would indeed not be a small defect in the Fathers, such as is +inherent in human nature--it would be an enormous public crime. For if +the Church, even in those early times, was infected with such abominable +errors, let any one judge for himself what the Christian faith would +eventually come to. Would not Gamaliel's proposition, to judge whether +Christ's religion be divine or human from its effects, result in its +disfavor?" + +But whilst the Catholic Church practises and recommends the veneration +and invocation of the saints, she does not teach us to honor and invoke +them as we do God, nor to pray to them as we do to Him. She makes a +great distinction. + +The veneration of the saints differs from the worship of God in the +following: + +1. We _adore_ God as our supreme Lord. We _honor_ the saints as His +faithful servants and friends. + +2. We _adore_ God for His own sake. We _honor_ the saints for the gifts +and prerogatives with which God endowed them. + +Therefore there is a difference between the prayer to God and the +invocation of the saints. We pray to God asking Him to help us by His +omnipotence: we pray to the saints to help us by their intercession with +God. + +Our veneration of the saints should consist, primarily, in the imitation +of their virtues. It is truly profitable only when we are intent upon +following their example; for only by imitating their virtues shall we +share their eternal bliss in heaven. A veneration which contents itself +with honoring the saints without imitating their virtues is similar to a +tree that produces leaves and blossoms but bears no fruit. + +The saints themselves desire that we should follow their example. Each +of them, so to say, exhorts us with St. Paul, "Be ye followers of me, as +I also am of Christ" (_1 Cor._ iv. 16). There is no age, no sex, no +station in life for which the Catholic Church has not saints, whose +example teaches us to avoid sin and to observe faithfully the +commandments of God and the Church at this or that age, or in this or +that station. Therefore the principal object of our invocation of the +saints ought to be the obtaining of their help in following their +example. Thus we shall move them to come to our aid all the more +readily. + + + +CHAPTER II + +Efficacy of the Intercession of the Saints + +NOTHING is more consoling and comforting than the assurance that in the +saints of heaven we have powerful protectors and advocates with God. +Through their intercession they obtain for us from Him the grace to lead +a virtuous life and to gain heaven. + +However, is there any reasonable doubt that the saints are able to +render us such a service? In virtue of the communion of saints, which +comprises the Church militant on earth, the Church suffering in +purgatory, and the Church triumphant in heaven, all members of the +Church are members of one body, whose head is Christ. Hence the saints +are united with us in spirit, though separated from us in body. United +with Christ, they are imbued with a superior knowledge, and through Him, +the All-Knowing, they know everything that concerns us, and for which we +have recourse to them in prayer. + +Our confidence in the intercessory power of the saints is founded on +their relation to God and to us. As friends of God they have influence +with Him now, even more than during their sojourn on earth, because +their intercessory power is one of their glorious prerogatives in +heaven. Their love of God and their charity for their fellow-men, and +the zeal for the salvation of souls resulting therefrom, together with +their conformity with Christ, induces them to use their influence +readily in our favor. Because God dispenses His gifts according to His +own adorable will, it may please Him to grant a certain favor at the +particular intercession of a certain saint; hence it is not superstition +to invoke His aid in such cases. Moreover, we justly place our +confidence in saints whom we have selected to be our special patrons, or +who were given us as such by ecclesiastical authority. + +By the intercession of the saints the mediatorship of Christ is not set +aside or restricted. The power of intercession, the intercession itself, +and its invocation are an effect of the grace of Christ; therefore He +remains our only mediator. God remains Our Lord and Father, although men +share in His lordship and paternity; for all power and authority comes +from God, who is pleased to operate in His creatures through other +creatures. Hence, only a dependent mediatorship can be ascribed to the +saints. Whoever admits that the living can pray for each other can not +denounce the intercession of the saints as an usurpation of the +mediatorship of Christ. The saints are not the authors and dispensers of +grace and heavenly gifts, but they are able to obtain them for us from +God. + +The saints, moreover, do not only pray for mankind in general, but for +their clients in particular. As co-reigners with Christ, the denizens of +heaven have knowledge of the conditions and events of His kingdom; hence +the saints may pray for us individually; therefore it is permissible and +profitable for us to invoke them. It is obvious that the knowledge of +individual occurrences does not mar the bliss of the saints. How they +gain this knowledge is not clear to the spiritual authors; but most of +them incline to the view that they attain it by direct divine mediation. +God reveals our condition and our invocation to the saints. + +Can we doubt the willingness of the saints to aid us by their +intercession? According to St. Paul, charity is the greatest of all +virtues. If, then, the saints, whilst on earth loved their fellow-men, +cared for and prayed for them, how much more will they do so now, when +their charity is perfected? They, too, were pilgrims on earth, who had +to suffer the adversities and miseries of life and therefore know by +experience how sorely in need of divine assistance we poor mortals are. +Persons who have themselves experienced trials have more compassion for +the adversities of others. Therefore it is certain that the saints have +compassion on us, that they wish our prayers to be heard and bring them +before the throne of God. "The saints," says St. Augustine, "being +secure of their eternal welfare, are intent upon ours." Holy Scripture +establishes this beyond doubt, saying that the saints bring the prayers +of the faithful before the throne of God (_Apoc._ v. 8). + +Or is there any one that doubts the _efficacy_ of the saints' prayer +with God? At any rate, we must concede that their prayer is more +effectual than ours; for they are confirmed in justice, and therefore +friends and favorites of God, whilst we are sinners, of whom Holy +Scripture says, "The Lord is far from the wicked, and He will hear the +prayers of the just" (_Prov._ xv. 29). On this subject, let us hear St. +Basil in his panegyric on the Forty Martyrs: "You often wanted to find +an intercessor: here you have forty who intercede unanimously for you. +Are you in distress? Have recourse to the holy martyrs. Rejoicing, do +the same. The former that you may find relief, the latter that you may +continue to prosper. These saints hear the mother praying for her +children, the wife invoking aid for her sick or absent husband. O brave +and victorious band, protectors of mankind, generous intercessors when +invoked, be our advocates with God!" + +There is no doubt, then, that during our earthly pilgrimage the saints +are our intercessors with God. True, we know that there is One who +guides our destinies and whose providence watches over all; but who +would not choose, also, to have a friend already abiding with God, +sharing His bliss and confirmed for ever in His grace, and who therefore +is in a position to aid us, and certainly will do so if we invoke Him? + +The following is an example illustrating the power of the saints' +intercession with God: + +Basilides was one of the guards that led St. Potamiana to a martyr's +death. Whilst the rest of the soldiers and the crowd of spectators +insulted the holy virgin, he treated her with great respect and +protected her from the assaults of the rabble. The martyr thanked him +for his kindness, and promised to pray for him when she came into God's +presence. A few days after her death the grace of God touched Basilides' +heart, and he professed himself a Christian. His comrades at first +imagined that he was jesting. But when he persevered in the confession +of the Faith, he was brought before the judge, who sentenced him to be +beheaded next day. Taken to prison, he was baptized, and at the +appointed time, executed. + +What else but the intercession of the saint whom he had befriended +obtained for this heathen the grace of the Faith and martyrdom? +Convinced of the power of the intercession of the saints, Origen writes: +"I will fall on my knees, and because I am unworthy to pray to God on +account of my sins, I will invoke all the saints to come to my aid. O ye +saints of God, I, filled with sadness, sighing and weeping, implore you; +intercede for me, a miserable sinner, with the Lord of mercies!" + + + +CHAPTER III + +For What the Intercession of the Saints May and Should be Invoked + +IT IS obvious that there are objects to attain which we ought not to +pray. We shall try to specify them as follows: + +1. _We may not pray for things that are evil or injurious in themselves, +or injurious on account of circumstances._ Amongst these are comprised +all those that are opposed to the salvation of the person praying, or of +some one else. It is contrary to the very idea of prayer that God should +grant to His creature anything evil, anything that is in itself, and not +only by abuse, harmful. Prayer, according to the rules of morality, must +have for its object only the attainment of whatever is good and +profitable, and only then is it heard by God. + +2. _Things completely indifferent are not comprised in the efficacy of +prayer. Hence prayer imploring for temporal goods is heard only inasmuch +as they relate to the salvation of souls._ Reason, as well as faith, +teaches us that God orders all His actions first for the promotion of +His glory, and secondly for the salvation of souls. Matters, therefore, +that are either in general, or on account of circumstances, positively +indifferent, must be excluded from the general plan of God's providence +when there is question of His positive agency, and not simply of His +permission. It is obvious that temporal goods, such as health, wealth, +etc., are classed with things indifferent, in as far as they are not +connected with the moral order. + +Thus considered, the various goods of the temporal order do, or at least +may, under certain conditions, co-operate unto man's salvation, and then +they belong to the supernatural order. As such, the efficacy of prayer +in their regard must be judged according to the principles applying to +the latter. + +3. _All those things which any one can obtain himself without +extraordinary effort, are not comprised within the scope of prayer._ +This restriction results from the very nature of prayer. Obviously, +prayer is not the only means by which man can obtain those things which, +on the one hand, he momentarily does not possess, and which, on the +other hand, are necessary or advantageous for his supernatural life. As +a rule, man can, by labor and application, procure his sustenance. +Persons unable to work can have recourse to the charity of their +fellow-men, and will, as a rule, find the necessary assistance. In +regard to salvation, it must first be ascertained whether in many or at +least in some cases, the faithful co-operation with the graces which +God gives to all men is not sufficient. + +Considered from this view, we may, and even must, in a certain sense +say: When there is question of attaining specified goods and specified +graces, prayer is often not the primary, but only the secondary and +subordinate means. From this premise follows that God in His wise +providence does not have regard for our prayer when we easily can help +ourselves, either by our own exertion and industry, or by the faithful +cooperation with graces already received, or by the reception of the +holy sacraments. This self-evident idea is expressed in Holy Scripture +as follows, "Because of the cold the sluggard would not plow; he shall +beg therefore in the summer, and it shall not be given him" (_Prov._ xx. +4). For this reason formal miracles are, as a rule, not to be expected +from the efficacy of prayer. God ordained the world and its course in +such a manner, that mankind in general and each individual in particular +can be provided, without the intervention of a miracle, with all things +necessary for their temporal and eternal welfare. + +Theologians, therefore, teach that to ask God for a miracle, generally, +is the same as to tempt Him. This rule, however, admits of exceptions. +And if we may, in exceptional cases, ask for miracles, we may, +logically, expect them; for miracles in general are not excluded from +the plan of divine Providence. They are rather an essential part of the +existing order of God's government of the world. At most we may say: As +miracles of their nature belong among the extraordinary manifestations +of Providence, they are not obtained by the prayer of each and every +one, but only in exceptional cases. + +However, if we consider how feeble and helpless man's nature is, even +with the assistance of divine grace, we may not apply the above +principles too strictly. This, for the following reason: Cases in which +we can not help ourselves with the aid of the grace given us are rare. +Therefore God gives us, in reward of our confident prayer, not only that +which is strictly necessary, but also that which is profitable and +conducive to our welfare. This being so, the logical deduction is, that +God is willing to hear our prayer not only when we, of ourselves, are +totally incapable of helping ourselves, but also when great difficulties +beset us in this our self-help. Hence, in a certain sense, we may +maintain that in the work of our salvation prayer and its efficacy must +be considered, together with the sacraments, as one of the chief means, +and not as a mere accessory. + +[Illustration: The Annunciation] + +This limitation of the main principle is founded on the generality of +the divine promises concerning the hearing of prayer, and on the great +goodness and bounty of God in which these promises originated. When man, +making use of all the means placed at his disposal, can not help +himself, a cry for help is sent to Heaven is not presumptuous or +unreasonable, and therefore the hope of being heard is not unfounded or +in vain. + + + +CHAPTER IV + +The Qualities of Prayer + +FOR greater convenience of explanation, we condense the various +qualities of prayer taught by theologians as conditions of its efficacy +into the following four: (1) Devotion; (2) Confidence; (3) Perseverance; +(4) Resignation to the will of God. + +Treating of prayer, some theological authors demand, above all, the +intention of praying. This intention is indeed so necessary that it does +not belong to the qualities or attributes of prayer, but to its very +essence. For whosoever has not the intention or will to pray may recite +a formula of prayer with the greatest attention, yet does not really and +truly pray. + +Again, the teachers of the spiritual life tell us that prayer must be +"in the name of Jesus." This being a condition insisted upon by our +divine Lord Himself, it also belongs to the essence of prayer. It means +that we offer up our prayer to God in the name of Jesus His Son, that +is, with reference to Him and in the firm confidence that we shall be +heard on His account and because of His promises. Again, to pray in the +name of Jesus means to pray according to His manner and in His spirit. + +We now proceed to explain the qualities of true prayer: + +1. _Devotion._--What is meant by devotion in prayer? Devotion in prayer +means: (_a_) that our prayer must be attentive; that is, the person +praying must direct his thoughts as uninterruptedly as possible to his +prayer, _viz.,_ to the formula he uses to state the object of his +desires, and above all to God, to whom his prayer is directed. (_b_) The +person praying must know and acknowledge his own needs, and that of +himself he has no claims whatsoever on God, and thus engender in himself +sentiments of true humility, (_c_) These sentiments must, moreover, +embrace reverence for God and the acknowledgment of dependence on Him, +thus giving to prayer the character of piety, (_d_) All this must +culminate in full abandonment to God, the Giver of all good things. This +abandonment is an essential part of our divine cult. + +As to the question whether devotion, and what grade of it, is necessary +in prayer, and whether prayer without it loses its entire efficacy, and +especially its imploring efficiency, it is evident that prayer without +devotion is ineffective; it is simulation. An example of this, that is, +of a man pretending to pray and not praying in reality, is given us in +the parable of the Pharisee and the Publican (_Luke_ xviii. 10-12). To +determine accurately what grade of devotion, that is, what degree of +attention, humility, and piety is necessary to render prayer from a +formality into a reality, is possible only when all the circumstances, +dispositions, and qualities of mind of the person praying can be taken +into account. Suffice it to remark that when all the other conditions, +together with the intention of praying, combine, strict but reliable +theologians declare that the true essence of prayer is compatible with a +less degree of attention and recollection. + +2. _Confidence._--There is no doubt but that strong confidence, or the +firm hope of being heard, contributes much to the perfection of prayer +and renders it especially effective. Therefore confidence, like devotion +or attention, must be reckoned among the essential qualities or +attributes of prayer. For it is inconceivable that a rational being +should resolve on presenting a petition when he has not the least hope +of its being granted. In this case his petition would be entirely +useless, and therefore irrational. Again, it is inconceivable that God +should have regard for a prayer or the petition of a man who has +absolutely no confidence in His mercy. A prayer without confidence is +hypocrisy, rather than true and sincere supplication. If we address a +petition to God without the confidence that He can and will grant it, He +must rather feel offended than honored thereby. How, then, shall He feel +moved to grant us new benefits? If we nevertheless receive them, it is +the effect of His bountiful goodness, and not the result of our sham +prayer. + +Therefore, to be effective, our prayer must be inspired by confidence. +The apostle St. James inculcates this, saying: "But let him ask in +faith, nothing wavering; for he that wavereth is like a wave of the sea, +which is moved and carried about by the wind. Therefore let not that man +think that he shall receive any thing of the Lord" (_James_ i. 6-7). By +these words the apostle designates not a common and ordinary confidence, +but one firm and steadfast. At the same time he speaks in general; that +is, his words have reference not only to extraordinary petitions, but to +everything for which we are accustomed to pray. + +Moreover, the explicit and positive promises made by Christ in regard to +prayer manifestly have the purpose of inspiring the person praying with +firm confidence and the sure hope of being heard. If, then, our prayer +be wanting in this quality, we do not pray in the spirit of Christ, nor +in the terms in which we ought to pray, and can not claim the fulfilment +of His promises. + +3. _Perseverance._--To understand properly in how far perseverance is a +quality of prayer, we must, above all, know what may be the objects of +our prayer. Of these there are three classes. To the first class belong +those cases in which a person needs divine help at the present moment or +at least at a time definitely near, and seeks it through prayer. Such a +petition would be, for instance, to obtain the necessary and effective +aid of divine grace for overcoming an existing transient temptation, or +the conversion of a certain sinner approaching death. To the second +class belongs the avoidance of temporal evils, or of continuous +temptations, or the conversion of a certain sinner now in good health. +To the third class belong such benefits which can be granted only for a +later period, perhaps at the hour of death. The grace of final +perseverance is the foremost among these. + +Having stated the preliminary conditions, the answer to the question of +perseverance in prayer is: + +_a._ Inasmuch as our prayer is directed toward the attainment of +benefits of the first class, that is, of graces which we need +immediately, perseverance can obviously not be an essential condition of +our prayer. Either we can not attain our object by prayer, or a +transient prayer which has the other necessary qualities must suffice +for its attainment. The first supposition is contrary to the divine +promises; therefore the alternative must stand. + +_b._ When there is question of benefits and graces of the second and +third class, we must concede that perseverance or continuance in prayer +is neither impossible, nor is it unreasonable. God is willing to grant +us His almighty help, but at the same time He desires that we, being +convinced of its necessity, implore it all the more eagerly, and thereby +become more worthy to receive it when He shall be pleased to grant our +petitions. Therefore + +4. _Resignation_ to the will of God is a necessary condition for the +efficacy of our prayer. This quality of our prayer needs no lengthy +explanation; its application to prayer is self-evident. + +Finally the petition for a certain benefit, in order to be reasonable +and permissible, must include the following two attributes: (_a_) The +object prayed for must not be harmful, but profitable; (_b_) it must not +be opposed to the will of God. + +_Conclusions._--Careful observation will convince us that prayer is +often wanting in one or more of the above qualities. Often that which +one seeks to obtain by prayer is not promotive of God's glory and of the +salvation of souls, even considered from a human point of view, much +less in the designs of Providence. + +In cases where the object of prayer in itself presents no difficulties, +it is often defective for want of devotion or perseverance. But oftenest +our prayer is wanting in confidence and trust, which want originates in +the feeble faith of the person praying, or in too little reliance on the +promises of Christ and in the merits of His redemption. Thus there is +nothing to surprise us if we are not heard. + +Again, we must never forget that very many, and generally the most +precious gifts of divine grace are bestowed secretly. Remember the many +and great benefits conferred daily and hourly by God on mankind, +universally and individually. Considering them, it is presumption to +maintain that in a special case the prayer of the Church, or of a +community, or of an individual, was not granted. The opposite is fully +proved by the goodness, bounty, and mercy which God shows so profusely +to us. + +We must, moreover, never lose sight of the principle that the promises +made to prayer concern directly only the supernatural order of +salvation. To the goods of the temporal order they are applicable only +relatively. If we, therefore, experience that our prayers relative to +temporal things remain unheard, we must, instead of doubting the divine +promises, be firmly convinced that the attainment of the object for +which we prayed was, under the circumstances, not conducive to our real +welfare. We must, moreover, be convinced that God, in order not to leave +our petition ungranted, conferred on us some other real benefit. + +Finally, when the refusal of our prayer is clearly and unmistakably +established, the reasons for this may be the following: (_a_) Perhaps +the person praying was wanting in effort, or in cooperation with graces +formerly received, a deficiency which can not be repaired by prayer +alone. (_b_) Or the prayer itself is wanting in one or the other +necessary qualities, especially in confidence. (_c_) God does not intend +to refuse the desired grace, but, for reasons of His own, delays it +(_d_) God gives us in place of what we asked some other grace more +salutary to us. + + + +PART II + +Mary, the Help of Christians + +Novenas in Preparation for the Principal Feasts of the Blessed Virgin + + +"Holy Mary, aid the miserable, assist the desponding, strengthen the +weak, pray for the people, plead for the clergy, intercede for the +devout female sex. Let all who have recourse to thee experience the +efficacy of thy help!"--HOLY CHURCH. + + + +Rules for the Proper Observance of Novenas + +_By St. Alphonsus Liguori_ + +1. THE soul must be in the state of grace; for the devotion of a sinful +heart pleases neither God nor the saints. + +2. We must persevere, that is, the prayers for each day of the novena +must never be omitted. + +3. If possible, we should visit a church every day, and there implore +the favor we desire. + +4. Every day we ought to perform certain specified acts of exterior +self-denial and interior mortification, in order to prepare us thereby +for the reception of grace. + +5. It is most important that we receive holy communion when making a +novena. Therefore prepare yourself well for it. + +6. After obtaining the desired grace for which the novena was made, do +not omit to return thanks to God and to the saint through whose +intercession your prayers were heard. + + + +On the Manner of Reading the Meditations and Observing the Practices + +HOLY SCRIPTURE says, "Before prayer prepare thy soul; and be not as a +man that tempteth God" (_Eccles._ xviii. 23). Therefore place yourself +in the presence of God, invoke the assistance of the Holy Ghost, and +make a most sincere act of contrition for your sins. Offer up to God +your will, your intellect, and your memory, so that your prayer may be +pleasing to God and serve to promote your spiritual welfare. + +Then read the meditation slowly, reflecting on each point of the thought +or mystery treated, and consider what you can learn from it, and for +what grace you ought to implore God. This is the principal object to be +attained by mental prayer. + +Never rise from your prayer without having formed some special +resolution for practical observance. The practices at the end of each +consideration in the following novenas will aid you to do so. Finally, +ask for grace to carry out effectively your good purposes, and thank God +for enlightening your mind during the meditation. + + +Introduction + +Mary, the Help of Christians + +NO CATHOLIC denies that Our Lord Jesus Christ is the only mediator +through whose merits we became reconciled to God. Nevertheless, it is a +doctrine of our faith that God willingly grants us grace if the saints, +and especially the Blessed Virgin Mary, the queen of saints, intercede +for us. If the saints, during their life on earth, were so potent with +God that through their prayers the blind obtained sight, the deaf +hearing, and the dumb speech, that the sick of all conditions were +healed, the dead restored to life, and the most obstinate sinners +converted; if thousands of other miracles in the order of nature and of +grace were performed through their intercession; what, then, will not +she obtain for us from God, whose virtue and merits transcend those of +all the saints, and who did more for the greater honor and glory of God +than they all? Mary is the queen of saints not only because she is the +Mother of the Most High, but also because her sanctity is more perfect +than theirs, and she therefore thrones above them all in heaven. Hence +the favor with which God regards her, and consequently the power of her +intercession with Him is so much the greater. + +If Mary's sanctity thus impressively illustrates the potency of her +intercession, the contemplation of her dignity as the Mother of God does +still more so. Mary brought forth Him who is the Almighty. She calls Him +her Son, who by the word of His omnipotence created from out of nothing +the whole world with all its beauties, and who can call into being +countless millions of other worlds. She calls Him her Son, whose throne +is heaven and whose footstool is the earth, who governs all nature with +almighty power and reveals His name to mankind through the most +astounding miracles. In a word, Mary calls Him her Son, whose +omnipotence fills heaven and earth; and this great, almighty God, who +honors her as His Mother and has wrought in her such great things, will +He not heed her word of intercession, and hear her pleading for those +who have recourse to her? On earth He was subject to her. Her +intercession moved Him to exercise His omnipotent power at the wedding +feast at Cana; and now, when He has glorified and raised her up so high +He would let her invoke Him in vain? No, it is inconceivable that God +should not hear the prayers of His Mother! + +[Illustration: The Blessed Virgin visits St. Elizabeth] + +The holy Fathers and Doctors of the Church vie with each other in +proclaiming the power of Mary's intercession with the Heart of her +divine Son. Some say that having been subject to her on earth, He +desires to be so in heaven, inasmuch as to refuse her nothing she asks. +Hence St. Bernard calls her the "Intercessory Omnipotence." Indeed, when +all the angels and saints in heaven join in supplication to God, their +prayers are but those of servants; but when Mary prays her intercession +is that of His Mother. + +Therefore we can not sufficiently thank God for having given us in Mary +so powerful an advocate. St. Bernard aptly says: "The angel announces, +'thou hast found grace before God.' O supreme happiness! Mary shall +always find grace. And what else could we wish? If we seek grace, let us +seek it through Mary; for what she seeks, she finds. Never can she plead +ineffectually." + +God, then, who in His infinite mercy has been pleased to provide for all +our needs, desires through Mary to console us, to comfort us, to remove +all distrust, to strengthen our hope. How consoling to him who calls +upon God in sore distress, or implores His pardon for sins committed, is +the thought that at the throne of divine Mercy he has in Mary an +advocate as mighty as she is gracious, who supplements his great +unworthiness by her sublime dignity, and who makes good the defects of +his prayer by her intercession! Therefore St. Bonaventure exclaims: +"Verily, great is Our Lord's mercy! That we, through fear of our divine +Judge, depart not forever from Him, He gave us His own Mother for our +advocate and mediatrix of grace." + + + +I. + +Novena in Honor of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary + +INDULGENCES + +TO ALL the faithful who by themselves or with others, in church or at +home, with at least contrite heart and devotion, shall make this novena: +(1) 300 days indulgence for each of the nine days; (2) a plenary +indulgence on one day of the novena or of the eight days following it. +(Pius IX, January 5, 1849.) Conditions: Confession, communion, and +prayer, according to the intentions of the Holy Father. + +_Remark._--Whenever, in the following pages, an indulgence is said to be +granted "under the usual conditions," these conditions are the same as +above. + +_Note._--The above indulgences may also be gained for making the novena +at any other time of the year, and are not attached to any prescribed +formula of prayer. The same applies to all other novenas in honor of the +Blessed Virgin. + + +FIRST DAY + +Predestination of the Blessed Virgin Mary + +PREPARATORY PRAYER + +IN THY conception, O Virgin Mary, thou wast immaculate; pray for us to +the Father, whose Son Jesus, conceived in thy womb by the Holy Ghost, +thou didst bring forth. + +Indulgence. 200 days, every time. (Pius VI, November 21, 1793.) + +MEDITATION + +HOLY Church, our Mother, purposely gathered into the season of Advent +everything which might contribute to assist us in preparing for the +coming of the Redeemer. Purity of heart is the most necessary and +helpful requirement for receiving God worthily, and for participating in +the fruits of our Redemption through Christ. To remind us of this, Holy +Church celebrates the feast of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed +Virgin Mary, this primary feast of purity, in Advent. + +The Church, moreover, intends to remind us that the coming of Christ, +our promised Redeemer, depended on the consent of the Blessed Virgin. +The Redeemer could not appear before she was born of whom He was to be +born. The aurora must precede the rising sun. Thus also Mary, the +spiritual aurora, had to be conceived and born before the appearance of +the Sun of Justice in this world. + +PRACTICE + +IN MARY appeared the woman who was to crush the serpent's head, who was +to repair by her willing co-operation with God's designs the damage +wrought by the disobedience of our first parents, and who was to become +our mother and mighty advocate with God. + +The designs of God concerning Mary were fully accomplished. God also has +designs concerning us. Our life was planned by Him from all eternity, +and we were destined to co-operate with Him harmoniously and +conscientiously in working out our salvation. Have we corresponded with +God's designs? Did we not oppose them by yielding to our evil +inclinations and passions? What a disparity between God's intentions +concerning us and our own co-operation, between His merciful designs and +our cowardly resistance to them! + +PRAYER OF THE CHURCH + +O GOD, who through the immaculate conception of the Virgin didst prepare +a worthy dwelling-place for Thy divine Son; grant that, as in view of +Thy Son Thou didst preserve her from all taint, so Thou wouldst +vouchsafe unto us that cleansed from all sin by her intercession we too +may arrive at Thine eternal glory. Through the same Christ our Lord. +Amen. + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +BEHOLD, Virgin immaculate, at thy sacred feet I bow, while my heart +overflows with joy in union with thine own, because from eternity thou +wast the Mother-elect of the eternal Word, and was preserved stainless +from the taint of Adam's sin. Forever praised, forever blessed be the +Most Holy Trinity, who in thy conception poured out upon thy soul the +riches of that matchless privilege. I humbly pray thee, most gracious +Mother, obtain for me the grace to overcome the bitter results of +original sin. Make me victorious over them, that I may never cease to +love my God. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +_Ejaculation_ +O Mary, conceived without sin, pray for us who have recourse to thee! + +Indulgence. 100 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, March 25, 1884.) + + + +SECOND DAY + +Mary's Immaculate Conception + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +ACCORDING to the definition of Pope Pius IX, the immaculate conception +of the Blessed Virgin Mary is that privilege by which she was preserved, +in view of the merits of our Saviour Jesus Christ, from original sin in +the first moment of her conception. + +By solemnly proclaiming the dogma of Mary's immaculate conception, the +Church confirmed anew the fundamental principles of Christianity which +in our times are so frequently attacked, derided, or forgotten. God +reserved the solemn proclamation of this dogma, which seemingly has no +practical bearing on the Christian life, for our age, to recall to our +mind the doctrines resulting from it. + +PRACTICE + +THE most important of these doctrines is that of original sin, which +to-day is rejected by many as a debasement of human nature, and is +forgotten by others as having no practical influence on our moral state. +By the promulgation of the doctrine of the immaculate conception of the +Blessed Virgin Mary, the Church solemnly declares and defines as an +article of faith, that the Blessed Virgin Mary is conceived without the +stain of original sin by a special privilege and grace of God. If, then, +Mary's sinlessness is an exception, the general rule remains in force, +and all other human beings enter this world in the state of original +sin. + +Thus, by the proclamation of the dogma of the immaculate conception, the +Church combats human pride and sensuality, the foremost vices of the +age. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MARY, unsullied lily of heavenly purity, I rejoice with thee, because at +thy conception's earliest dawn thou wast full of grace and endowed with +the perfect use of reason. I thank and adore the ever-blessed Trinity, +who gave thee such high gifts. I am overwhelmed with shame in thy +presence, to see myself so poor in grace. O thou who wast filled with +heavenly grace, impart some portion of it to my soul, and make me share +the treasures of thy immaculate conception. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +THIRD DAY + +Mary, the Victrix of Satan + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE immaculate conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary inaugurated the +fulfilment of the divine promise made to our first parents in paradise +in the words addressed to the serpent: "I shall put enmities between +thee and the woman, and thy seed and her seed; she shall crush thy head" +(_Gen._ iii. 15). Mary is the woman in whom Satan never had a part. Her +intimate connection with God was announced by the angel: "Hail, full of +grace; the Lord is with thee." Now was fulfilled the saying of the +Psalmist, "The Most High hath sanctified His own tabernacle. God is in +the midst thereof, it shall not be moved: God will help it in the +morning early" (_Ps._ xlv. 5-6). Mary was chosen to be the glorious +tabernacle of the Son of God "in the morning early," that is, in the +first moment of her existence. God called her into being that she might +assume the exalted dignity of the Mother of His Son, and therefore +granted her the singular privilege of exemption from original sin. In +her were fulfilled Solomon's prophetic words of praise, "Thou art all +fair, O my love, and there is not a spot in thee" (_Cant._ iv. 7). It +was in view of her Son's merits applied to her beforehand that God thus +produced in her the image of the new man regenerated in the Holy Ghost. + +PRACTICE + +THE spirit of darkness holds mankind enslaved, but one human being +escapes him. A destructive fire lays waste the whole earth, but one tree +remains unscathed. A terrible tyrant conquers the whole world, but one +fortified city repels his assaults. This human being retaining liberty, +this tree escaping destruction, this city repelling the enemy's attack +is the Blessed Virgin Mary. + +Will the almighty and merciful God, who has accomplished such great +things in Mary, who has selected her for His Mother, not listen to her +prayers when she intercedes for us? St. William of Paris exclaims: "No +other created being can obtain for us so many and so great graces from +God as His Mother. By the all-powerful might of her intercession He +honors her not only as His handmaid, but also as His Mother." Therefore +we ought not be surprised when the holy Fathers maintain that a single +sigh of Mary is more effective with God than the combined intercession +of all the angels and saints. If, then, Mary's power is so great, she +will surely hear us when we invoke her help in our combat with Satan. +Having conquered him herself, she will also help us to conquer him. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MARY, thou mystical rose of purity, my heart rejoices with thine at the +glorious triumph which thou didst gain over the infernal serpent by thy +immaculate conception, and because thou wast conceived without stain of +original sin. I thank and praise with my whole heart the ever-blessed +Trinity, who granted thee this glorious privilege; and I pray thee to +obtain for me strength to overcome all the wiles of the infernal foe, +and never to stain my soul with sin. Be thou mine aid; make me, by thy +protection, victorious over the common foe of our eternal welfare. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +FOURTH DAY + +Mary without Actual Sin + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +MARY conceived without sin is the most blessed daughter of the eternal +Father, the real and true Mother of the divine Son, the elect spouse of +the Holy Ghost. But in the world, in what condition do we behold her? +She dwells not in a splendid palace; she is not surrounded by a retinue +of servants ready at every moment to do her bidding; she is not exempt +from trials and suffering. On the contrary, she is poor; she lives in +obscurity, and suffered so much on earth that, without shedding her +blood, she merits to be styled the queen of martyrs. Her heart was +transfixed with the sword of sorrow. Mary is not exempt from +tribulations and adversity; but one thing God does not permit to touch +her, _i.e.,_ sin. Hence Holy Church applies to her the words, "Thou art +all fair, O my love, and there is not a spot in thee" (_Cant._ iv. 7). + +PRACTICE + +THOUGH we were not preserved from sin like Mary, yet God in His +ineffable goodness and mercy granted us the grace to be cleansed from +sin and to be clothed with the garment of sanctifying grace in Baptism. +No treasure of the world can be compared with this prerogative. But as +we bear this grace in a fragile vase, we must be most careful to protect +and preserve it in ourselves and others from all danger. Let the Blessed +Virgin Mary be our example. Well knowing the inestimable value of the +grace conferred upon her, she guarded it with the greatest care. +Although exempt from concupiscence and "full of grace," she was so +distrustful of herself as if she were in continual danger. How much +more, then, must we use precaution to preserve in ourselves and in +others this treasure of grace, since we feel in ourselves constantly the +law of the flesh, which resists the law of the spirit, and urges us on +to evil, whilst the world and the devil never weary in placing snares +for us in order to accomplish our ruin. Therefore let us have recourse +to Mary, and invoking her aid bravely resist all temptations. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MIRROR of holy purity, Mary, Virgin immaculate, great is my joy while I +consider that, from thy immaculate conception, the most sublime and +perfect virtues were infused into thy soul, and with them all the gifts +of the Holy Ghost. I thank and praise the Most Holy Trinity, who +bestowed on thee these high privileges. I pray thee, gentle Mother, +obtain for me grace to practise virtue, and to make me worthy to become +partaker of the gifts and graces of the Holy Ghost. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +FIFTH DAY + +Mary, Full of Grace + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +SATAN'S relation to God as His child was severed by sin. The beautiful +image of God imprinted on man's soul was disfigured by it. But with the +immaculate conception of Mary, a being full of grace, an object of God's +supreme complacency entered this world. After the lapse of four thousand +years God, in His wisdom, power, and love, for the first time again +created a human being in that state in which He had originally created +our first parents. Mary, from the first moment of her existence was, in +virtue of the sanctifying grace infused into her soul, most intimately +united with God, and endowed with the most precious gifts of heaven. +Because she was predestined to become the Mother of the Redeemer of +mankind, it was befitting that she should unite in herself all the gifts +becoming to such an ineffable dignity. Hence she surpassed in grace and +holiness all other created beings, and was consecrated a worthy temple +of the incarnate Word. Therefore she was saluted by the angel as "full +of grace," and the Church, in our behalf, addresses the Almighty: "O +God, who through the immaculate conception of the Virgin didst prepare a +worthy dwelling-place for Thy divine Son; grant, that, as in view of the +death of that Son Thou didst preserve her from all taint, so Thou +wouldst vouchsafe unto us that, cleansed from all sin by her +intercession, we too may arrive at Thine eternal glory." + +PRACTICE + +THE world considers men according to their rank and station, their +wealth and knowledge. God recognizes in them but one difference, that +caused by the presence or absence of sanctifying grace in their soul. A +soul in the state of sanctifying grace is God's friend; without it, His +enemy. A man dying in the state of sanctifying grace is sure of eternal +bliss. Therefore we ought to prize this grace above all else, and do +everything in our power to preserve it. St. Leo exhorts us, "Recognize, +O man, thy dignity! As thou hast received divine grace, beware of +returning to your former sinful condition by a wicked life." + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MARY, bright moon of purity, I rejoice with thee, because the mystery of +thy immaculate conception was the beginning of salvation for the race of +man and the joy of the whole world. I thank and bless the ever-blessed +Trinity, who thus did magnify and glorify thee; and I beg of thee to +obtain for me the grace so to profit by thy dear Son's death and +passion, that His precious blood may not have been shed in vain for me +upon the cross, but that, after a holy life, I may reach heaven in +safety. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +SIXTH DAY + +Mary, Our Refuge + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +WE CARRY the precious treasure of sanctifying grace in a frail vessel. +Our inclination to evil remains with us, and continues to impel us to +that which is forbidden. On whom shall we call for aid? Call on Mary! +She is conceived without sin. She, the lily among thorns, who never lost +God's friendship, is our advocate. Let her, who was found worthy to +become the Mother of our Redeemer, inspire you with trust and +confidence. The Church invokes her as the refuge of sinners, and under +no other title does she show her love for us more convincingly and her +power with God more efficiently. + +[Illustration: The Adoration of the Shepherds] + +PRACTICE + +WE MAY trust confidently in Mary's intercession and aid in all +temptations and trials, if we but have recourse to her. Therefore St. +John Damascene writes: "Come to my aid, O Mother of my Redeemer! Thou +art my help, my consolation in life. Come to my aid, and I shall escape +unscorched from the fire of temptation; amongst a thousand I shall +remain unharmed; I shall brave the storms of assault unwrecked. Thy name +is my shield, thy help my armor, thy protection my defense. With thee I +boldly attack the enemy and drive him off in confusion; through thee I +shall achieve a triumphant victory." In all temptations, therefore, let +us have recourse to Mary and through her intercession we shall overcome +them. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MARY immaculate, most brilliant star of purity, I rejoice with thee +because thy immaculate conception has bestowed upon the angels in +paradise the greatest joy. I thank and bless the ever-blessed Trinity, +who enriched thee with this high privilege. O let me, too, one day enter +into this heavenly joy, in the company of angels, that I may praise and +bless thee, world without end. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +SEVENTH DAY + +Mary, the Mother of Chastity + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +HOLY Scripture and the Fathers agree in the statement that the Blessed +Virgin Mary made the vow of perpetual virginity. For when the Archangel +Gabriel brought God's message to the immaculate spouse of St. Joseph, +that she was to become the Mother of the Most High, she asked, "How +shall this be done, because I know not man?" (_Luke_ i. 34.) Indeed, +Mary would not have been, in the full and most excellent sense of the +word, the "Virgin of virgins," had she not from her own free choice +vowed her virginity to God. + +During the whole Christian era there have been heroic souls who made the +vow of perpetual chastity, consecrating themselves to God. Trusting in +the powerful protection of the immaculate Virgin, they persevered in +their resolve to bear this priceless treasure before God's throne +despite the dangers of the world, the temptations of concupiscence, and +the assaults of hell, and with the help of the queen of virgins they +achieved a triumphant victory. + +PRACTICE + +SINCE the fall of Adam our senses are in rebellion against the law of +God. "I see another law in my members, fighting against the law of my +mind, and captivating me in the law of sin" (_Rom._ vii. 23). Chastity +is the virtue which causes us the greatest struggles. St. Augustine +says: "The fiercest of all combats is the one for the preservation of +chastity, and we must engage in it every day." Fierce as this combat is, +the aid which Mary gives her children to achieve victory is +all-powerful. She sustains them by her maternal love and protection. +Those who lead a chaste life receive the Divine Spirit, are happy in +this life, and will receive a special crown in heaven. + +Among the means for the preservation of chastity, the following are +specially recommended: The assiduous and constant practice of +self-denial; the frequentation of the sacraments; the daily invocation +of Mary for her aid and protection; scrupulous avoidance of the +occasions of sin. St. Chrysostom writes: "He errs who believes that he +can overcome his sensual propensities and preserve chastity by his own +efforts. God's mercy must extinguish nature's ardor." Have recourse to +the intercession of the immaculate Virgin and rest assured that you will +obtain this mercy. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MARY immaculate, rising morn of purity, I rejoice with thee, gazing in +wonder upon thy soul confirmed in grace from the very first moment of +thy conception, and rendered inaccessible to sin. I thank and magnify +the ever-blessed Trinity, who chose thee from all our race for this +special privilege. Holy Virgin, obtain for me utter and constant hatred +of all sin above every other evil, and let me rather die than ever again +fall into sin. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +EIGHTH DAY + +The Image of the Immaculate Conception + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +CHRISTIAN art represents the Immaculate Conception as follows: The +Blessed Virgin appears standing on a globe, about which is coiled a +serpent holding an apple in its mouth. One of Mary's feet rests upon the +serpent, the other is placed on the moon. Her eyes are raised toward +heaven; her hands are either joined in prayer, or she holds a lily in +her right, and places the left on her breast. Her dress is white; her +ample mantle is of blue color. A crown of twelve stars encircles her +head. These emblems typify in a most striking manner Mary's power and +glory. "And a great sign appeared in heaven. A woman clothed with the +sun, and the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve +stars" (_Apoc._ xii. 1). + +PRACTICE + +THE representation of the Immaculate Conception is very instructive. (1) +Mary appears standing on the globe. This signifies that being human, she +belongs to the earth, and yet is exalted above the world and sin; also, +that she trampled under foot earthly possessions, vanities, and joys. +(2) A serpent is coiled about the globe, bearing an apple in its mouth. +This reminds us of the fall of our first parents, and of the +consequences of their sin. (3) Mary's foot rests on the serpent, +indicating that she never was under Satan's dominion, but was preserved +from sin in the first moment of her existence. (4) Mary stands on the +moon. The moon, on account of its changes, is an emblem of inconstancy. +We see it at Mary's feet, to be reminded that we ought to be constant in +faith and virtue. (5) Mary wears a crown, to indicate that she is a +queen. The crown is composed of twelve stars: she is the queen of +heaven. (6) Mary's dress is white, to denote her spotless purity and +innocence. (7) She folds her hands in prayer, reminding us to imitate +her example. (8) Or she holds a lily in her right hand, to indicate her +virginity and chastity, and the sweet odor of her virtues. (9) Mary's +mantle is blue, which color is emblematic of humility. Its folds are +ample, to remind us that all who have recourse to her find a secure +refuge in all dangers and necessities. + +Therefore let us invoke her intercession in the words of Holy Church: +"We fly to thy patronage, O holy Mother of God. Despise not our +petitions, and deliver us from all danger, O ever glorious and blessed +Virgin!" + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O SPOTLESS sun! O Virgin Mary! I congratulate thee. I rejoice with thee +because in thy conception God gave thee grace greater and more boundless +than He ever shed on all His angels and all the saints, together with +all their merits. I am thankful and I marvel at the surpassing +beneficence of the ever-blessed Trinity, who conferred on thee this +privilege. O make me correspond with the grace of God and never abuse +it. Change this heart of mine; make me now begin to amend my life. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +NINTH DAY + +The Feast of the Immaculate Conception + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +EARLY in the Christian era the feast of Mary's immaculate conception was +observed in several countries. St. Anselm, Bishop of Canterbury, +introduced it in England. A great number of Popes favored the doctrine +of Mary's absolute sinlessness, and the adversaries of the Immaculate +Conception were bidden to be silent and not publicly assert or defend +their view. In 1477, Pope Sixtus IV prescribed the feast of the +Immaculate Conception to be observed in the whole Church, and made it +obligatory on priests to recite the special canonical office and to use +the Mass formula published for the purpose. In 1846, the bishops of the +United States assembled in plenary council in Baltimore elected the +Blessed Virgin under the title of her immaculate conception Patroness of +the Church in their country. + +Finally, Pope Pius IX, after consulting with the bishops throughout the +world, and having implored the Holy Ghost for His guidance in prayer and +fasting, promulgated, on December 8, 1854, the dogma which teaches that +the Blessed Virgin Mary was in her conception, by a special grace and +through the merits of her divine Son, preserved from the stain of +original sin. This doctrine was received throughout the world with +ineffable joy; and, indeed, no one who loves the Blessed Virgin can help +rejoicing at this her most glorious privilege. + +The invocation, "Queen conceived without the stain of original sin," was +added to the Litany of Loreto. In 1866, at the Second Plenary Council in +Baltimore, the feast of the Immaculate Conception was raised to the rank +of a holyday of obligation for the Church of the United States. + +PRACTICE + +IN THE inscrutable designs of His providence God ordained that the +mystery of the immaculate conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary should +be proclaimed an article of faith as late as the middle of the +nineteenth century. But, then, its proclamation was attended by +circumstances that undeniably proved that the Holy Father in pronouncing +the dogma had been inspired and guided by the Holy Ghost. + +Let us praise God and thank Him for bestowing this glorious privilege on +our beloved Mother, and let us often invoke her under her favorite +title, the Immaculate Conception. St. Alphonsus Liguori tells us that +the devotion to this mystery is especially efficacious in overcoming the +temptations of impurity. Therefore he was accustomed to recommend to his +penitents thus tempted to recite three times every day the Hail Mary in +honor of Mary immaculate. And the Venerable John of Avila assures us +that he never found any one who practised a true devotion to the +Immaculate Conception of Mary, who did not in a short time obtain the +gift of that virtue which renders us so dear to her immaculate heart. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O LIVING light of holiness, model of purity, Mary immaculate, virgin and +mother! As soon as thou wast conceived thou didst profoundly adore thy +God, giving Him thanks that in thee the ancient curse was revoked, and +blessing came again upon the sinful sons of Adam. O make this blessing +kindle in my heart love for God; and do thou fan this flame of love +within me, that I may love Him constantly and one day in heaven +eternally enjoy Him, there to thank Him more and more fervently for all +the wondrous privileges conferred on thee, and to rejoice with thee for +thy high crown of glory. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +II + +Novena in Honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary + + + +FIRST DAY + +The Birth of Mary + +PREPARATORY PRAYER + +WE FLY to thy patronage, O holy Mother of God. Despise not our petitions +in our necessities, and deliver us from all dangers, O ever glorious and +blessed Virgin! + +MEDITATION + +MARY is born! The dawn announcing the coming salvation of mankind is at +hand. The deep significance of Mary's birth is expressed in the words of +the Church: "Thy birth, O virgin Mother of God, has brought joy to the +world; for from thee is to come forth the Sun of Justice, Christ our +Lord, to dispel the curse and bring the blessing, to conquer death and +bring us everlasting life. On this day a light broke forth to brighten +the paths of men through all time. Let us, then, rejoice in Mary's +coming." + +Equally expressive and touching are the reflections of that great Doctor +of the Church, St. Augustine: "The day has dawned, the long-wished-for +day of the blessed and venerable Virgin Mary. Well may this earth of +ours rejoice and be glad for having been honored and sanctified by the +birth of such a virgin." + +PRACTICE + +LET us, then, rejoice in Mary's coming. Let us hail the birth of her who +attained the dignity of mother without losing the high privilege of a +virgin. Let us imitate her holy life, that she may become our +intercessor before the throne of her Son, our judge and redeemer. By +becoming the Mother of God she became also our Mother. As Mother of the +Redeemer she is also the Mother of the redeemed. Richard of St. Lawrence +writes: "If we desire grace and help, let us have recourse to Mary and +we shall obtain what we desire." For, as St. Alphonsus remarks: "All +graces and gifts which God has resolved to bestow upon us He gives us +through the hands of Mary." + +PRAYER OF THE CHURCH + +GRANT to us, Thy servants, we beseech Thee, O Lord, the gift of heavenly +grace; that to those for whom the delivery of the Blessed Virgin was the +commencement of salvation, the commemoration of her nativity may give +increasing peace. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MOST lovely child, who by thy birth hast comforted the world, made glad +the heavens, struck terror into hell, brought help to the fallen, +consolation to the sad, health to the sick, joy to all; we pray thee +with all fervent love, be thou born again in spirit in our souls through +thy most holy love. Renew our fervor in thy service, rekindle in our +hearts the fire of thy love, and bid all virtues blossom there, which +may cause us to find more and more fervor in thy gracious eyes. O Mary, +may we feel the saving power of thy sweetest name! Let it ever be our +comfort to call on that great name in all our troubles; let it be our +hope in dangers, our shield in temptation, and in death our last +aspiration. + +_Ejaculation_ + +O Mary, who didst come into the world free from stain: obtain of God for +me that I may leave it without sin! + +Indulgence. 100 days, once a day. (Pius IX, March 27, 1863.) + + + +SECOND DAY + +Mary, the Elect of God + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +WE FIND the explanation of the great prerogatives and privileges which +God bestowed upon the Blessed Virgin Mary by reflecting on her singular +and glorious predestination. From all eternity she was predestined to +become the Mother of His divine Son; therefore, says Pope Pius IX, God +loved her above all created beings, and in His special predilection made +her the object of His divine complacency. With singular appropriateness +we may apply to her the words of Holy Scripture, "I have loved thee with +an everlasting love" (_Jer._ xxxi. 3). The eternal Father regarded Mary +as His beloved Daughter; the divine Son honored her as His dearest +Mother; the Holy Ghost loved her as His spotless Spouse. "And," says St. +Anselm, "they loved each other with an affection unsurpassed by any +other." + +PRACTICE + +INSPIRED by the contemplation of Mary's extraordinary privileges, St. +Anselm exclaims: "Thou, O Mary, art more exalted than the patriarchs, +greater than the martyrs, more glorious than the confessors, purer than +the virgins, and therefore thou, alone, canst achieve more than they can +without thee." Let us, then, rejoice that we possess such a powerful +advocate in heaven, and let us place implicit trust in her. But let us +also co-operate with the graces and favors which she obtains for us. +Moreover, let us remember that we grievously offend God and Mary if we +abuse what we obtain through her intercession to gratify our evil +inclinations, and that the graces she obtains for us for our salvation +will redound to our ruin if we do not use them for the glory of God and +the promotion of our soul's welfare. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WE HAIL thee, Mary, who, sprung from the royal line of David, didst come +forth to the light of heaven with high honor from the womb of holy Anna, +thy most happy mother. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +THIRD DAY + +Mary, the Child of Royalty + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +ACCORDING to her lineage, as traced in two Gospels, Mary numbers among +her paternal and maternal ancestors the holiest and most renowned +personages of the Old Testament. We find amongst them Abraham, the +friend of God, the father of Israel and of all the faithful; then David, +the man after God's own heart, the inspired Royal Prophet; and Solomon, +the wise and mighty king, and the whole line of the kings of Juda. On +her mother's side she belonged to the tribe of Levi, and was descended +from its noblest and most prominent family, that of Aaron the High +Priest, and was therefore a relative of the High Priests of the Old +Testament. Thus royal and sacerdotal prestige distinguished Mary's +lineage. + +PRACTICE + +THE Blessed Virgin was not proud of her illustrious ancestry, and not +depressed because of the downfall of her family, but applied herself +diligently to adhere to the faith and follow the example of her +ancestors. Remembering the wicked members of her family, she learned +from them that temporal greatness, success, wealth, and glory are more +dangerous to virtue than poverty, retirement, and work. Let us imitate +Mary's example. Even possessed of the most excellent prestiges of the +natural order, of ourselves we are nothing. "What hast thou that thou +hast not received? And if thou hast received, why dost thou glory as if +thou hadst not received?" (1 _Cor._ iv. 7.) Therefore do not +overestimate yourself; do not be conceited; do not strive for praise, +honors, and high station; be not boastful or arrogant; do not presume on +your merits; rather be distrustful of yourself and patiently bear +affronts, neglect, and humiliations. However poor you may be, be content +with your lot, remembering the words of the Apostle: "They that will +become rich fall into temptation, and into the snare of the devil, and +into many unprofitable and hurtful desires which draw men into +destruction and perdition. For the desire of money is the root of all +evils: which some coveting have erred from the faith, and have entangled +themselves in many sorrows" (1 _Tim._ vi. 9, 10). + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WE HAIL thee, O Mary, heavenly babe, white dove of purity, who, despite +the infernal serpent, was conceived free from the taint of Adam's sin. +With all our hearts we pray thee to vouchsafe in thy goodness to come +down again and be born in spirit in our souls, that, led captive by thy +loveliness and sweetness, they may ever live united to thy most sweet +and loving heart. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + +[Illustration: The Purification] + + + +FOURTH DAY + +Mary, the Child of Pious Parents + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +TRADITION tells us that Mary's parents were called Joachim and Anna. The +holy Fathers rival each other in praising the virtue of this holy +couple. St. Epiphanius writes: "Joachim and Anna were pleasing in the +sight of God because of the holiness of their lives." St. Andrew of +Crete remarks: "Joachim was eminent for the mildness and fortitude of +his character. The law of God was his rule of life. He was just, and +never relaxed in the fervor of his love of God. Anna was no less noted +for her meekness, continence, and chastity." St. Jerome relates: "The +life of this holy couple was simple and just before the Lord, edifying +and virtuous before men." St. John Damascene exclaims: "O happy, chaste, +and immaculate couple, Joachim and Ann! You are known, according to the +Lord's word, by your fruit. Your life was pleasing in the sight of God, +and worthy of her who was born of you." + +PRACTICE + +IT is a great blessing, and one to be esteemed more highly than wealth +and high station, to have God-fearing, pious parents. For their sake God +is gracious to the children and lavishes His gifts on them. It is +certainly a great privilege to be offered up to God immediately after +birth by the hands of a pious mother. To have, from childhood up, the +example and guidance of virtuous parents is certainly of the greatest +importance. St. Chrysostom writes: "The parents' example is the book +from which the child learns." A pious bishop was wont to say: "The good +example of the parents is the best catechism and the truest mirror that +a family can have." If Christian parents imitate the example of Joachim +and Ann the blessing of God will rest on them and on their children; for +because her parents were so dear to Mary, she will not refuse to join +them in their prayers for us. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WE HAIL thee, brightest morn, forerunner of the heavenly Sun of Justice, +who didst first bring light to earth. Humbly prostrate, with all our +hearts we pray thee to vouchsafe in thy goodness to be born again in +spirit in our souls, that, led captive by thy loveliness and sweetness, +they may ever live united to thy most sweet and loving heart. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +FIFTH DAY + +Mary's Supernatural Prerogatives + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +MARY was the masterpiece of God's creation; her soul was the most +perfect ever dwelling in a human body. A pious tradition tells us that +she possessed the use of reason much earlier than other children. Her +intellect was illuminated by supernatural light; her will was exempt +from concupiscence. Being preserved from original sin, she surpassed in +holiness, from the first moment of her existence, all angels and men. +She possessed all virtues in the highest degree, because of her faithful +co-operation with sanctifying grace and with the countless actual graces +granted to her. She lived in constant communion with God, undisturbed by +evil inclinations from within or temptations from without. + +PRACTICE + +THROUGH the effects of original sin we have lost the supernatural +prerogative of original justice, and even after receiving sanctifying +grace in holy Baptism we are exposed to many temptations. Our life is a +constant warfare. We must, however, not despair in this struggle, for if +we are true children of Mary she will come to our aid. In all +temptations Mary is the "Help of Christians" if we have recourse to her. +But if we wish her to help us, we must not expose ourselves +unnecessarily to temptation. "He that loveth danger shall perish in it" +(_Ecclus._ iii. 27). This sad experience has come to many. Let us, +therefore, avoid the danger and occasion of sin; and whenever evil +approaches us in any shape, let us call upon Mary, and we may rest +assured that she will assist us. "I shall certainly triumph over my +enemies," exclaims St. Alphonsus, "if I place my trust in thee, O Mary, +and if thou art my shield and protection against them." + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WE HAIL thee, O chosen one! who like the untarnished sun didst burst +forth into being in the dark night of sin. Humbly prostrate at thy feet, +O Mary, we give thee our homage, and with all our hearts we pray thee to +vouchsafe in thy goodness to be born again in our souls, that, led +captive by thy loveliness and sweetness, they may ever live united to +thy most sweet and loving heart. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +SIXTH DAY + +Mary, the Joy of the Most Holy Trinity + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +IN THE child Mary the eternal Father beheld His unsullied glorious +image, which image had been defaced in all other human beings by +original and actual sin. What a joy to Him to behold this stainless, +immaculate child! And how great must have been the joy of the Son of God +at the birth of her who was to be His Mother! From her He was to take +that sacred body in which He was to dwell on earth, the blood of which +He was to shed on the cross for our redemption, and in which He was to +return to heaven to sit at the right hand of the Father. He will call +her Mother, and regard her with all the filial tenderness of a child for +his mother. She will love Him in return with a true mother's affection +and devotion. As the Mother of Sorrows she will weep over His inanimate +body taken down from the cross. But like Himself, she will leave the +tomb, and reign at His side as the queen of heaven. How great, then, +must have been His joy at the birth of this child! + +The Holy Ghost, too, rejoiced at Mary's birth. He infused into her the +plenitude of His holy love, for she was destined to become the Mother of +God. And how Mary will love God, from whom she received so many and so +great graces, and whom she is to bear in her arms as her real and true +Son! This, her divine Son's love for mankind, will be imparted also to +her. Therefore the Holy Ghost rejoices at this child, who received into +her heart the fulness of His grace, and shall be the helper of those who +have recourse to her. + +PRACTICE + +RAISE your spirit above time and space; try to contemplate well the +mystery of Mary's predestination. To make us realize the great +privileges conferred upon her, the Church applies to her the words of +Holy Scripture, "He that shall find me, shall find life, and have +salvation from the Lord" (_Prov._ viii. 35). Only when we consider Mary +as the Mother of God, do we arrive at a right conception of her great +dignity. Hence St. Bonaventure exclaims, "God might have created a more +beautiful world; He might have made heaven more glorious; but it was +impossible for Him to exalt a creature higher than Mary in making her +His Mother." + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WE HAIL thee, beauteous moon, O Mary most holy, who didst shed light +upon a world wrapped in the densest darkness of sin. Humbly prostrate at +thy feet, we give thee our homage, and with all our hearts we pray thee +to vouchsafe in thy goodness to be born again in spirit in our souls, +that led captive by thy loveliness and sweetness they may ever live +united to thy most sweet and loving heart. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +SEVENTH DAY + +The Angels Rejoice at Mary's Birth + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +DESCRIBING God's power and wisdom as shown in creation, Holy Scripture, +according to the explanation of the Fathers, introduces Him as saying, +"When the morning stars praised me together, and all the sons of God +made a joyful melody" (_Job_ xxxviii. 7), and by these words intends to +convey with what joy the angels praised God's omnipotence on beholding +the wonders of creation. What, then, must have been their joy on +beholding this new wonder of divine power and wisdom, the child Mary, +destined to be their queen. Filled with admiration they exclaimed, "Who +is she that cometh forth as the morning rising, fair as the moon, bright +as the sun, terrible as an army set in array?" (_Cant._ vi. 9.) And +moreover, if, as Our Lord declares, the angels rejoice at the conversion +of a sinner, how great must have been their joy at the birth of her who +was to be the refuge of sinners and the mother of Him who was to be the +Redeemer of sinners? Again, the angels rejoiced at Mary's birth, because +she would fill, through the salvation of mankind by her divine Son, the +places made vacant in heaven by the apostate angels. + +PRACTICE + +GOOD children rejoice on the birthday of their parents and gratefully +remember all the benefits they have received from them. Thus should we, +also, celebrate the nativity of the Blessed Virgin by a grateful +remembrance of the innumerable graces, individual and general, we +received through her intercession. In acknowledging Mary's co-operation +with our salvation, Holy Church calls her our mediatrix, and greets her +as the "Cause of our joy," because, though we receive grace from Christ, +it comes to us through her mediation. What cause, then, have we not for +rejoicing at her birth! Again, greeting Mary as the cause of our joy, +let us remember the protection she extended to the Church in times of +adversity and persecution; let us, furthermore, remember all the graces +which, according to the holy Fathers, are dispensed to us by Mary's +hands. "Of her plenitude," says St. Bonaventure, "we have all received; +the captive liberty, the sick health, the sad consolation, the sinner +pardon, the just grace." Therefore the Church invokes Mary as the mother +of mercy, the health of the sick, the comforter of the afflicted, the +refuge of sinners, the help of Christians, in a word, as the cause of +our joy. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WE HAIL thee, fair soul of Mary, who from all eternity wast God's, and +God's alone; sanctuary and living temple of the Holy Ghost; sun without +blemish, because free from original sin. With all our hearts we pray to +thee, O Mary, to vouchsafe in thy goodness to be born again in spirit in +our souls, that, led captive by thy loveliness and sweetness, they may +ever live united to thy most sweet and loving heart. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +EIGHTH DAY + +The Joy of the Just in Limbo at Mary's Birth + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +FOR four thousand years the just in limbo sighed for redemption, and +sent up to Heaven the plaintive cry, "O that Thou wouldst rend the +heavens, and wouldst come down!" (_Is._ xiv. 1.) "Drop down dew, ye +heavens, from above, and let the clouds rain the just; let the earth be +opened and bud forth a Saviour" (_Is._ xlv. 8). What joy must have +filled the souls of the just when they heard the welcome tidings of the +birth of Mary, the virgin Mother of the promised Messias; how great +their consolation at the rising of that dawn which preceded the Sun of +Justice, whose splendor was to illuminate the darkness of them that sat +in the shadow of death! + +PRACTICE + +A JOY similar to that which filled the captive souls in limbo at Mary's +birth now fills the souls in purgatory when we implore her to come to +their relief. Contemplating the immense love of the Most Holy Trinity +for Mary, we may not doubt but that, by her intercession, she might at +once deliver all the suffering souls from their prison, if such were in +accordance with God's will. But God's wisdom and providence have decreed +otherwise. Therefore Mary does not pray for the release of all souls in +purgatory, but recommends them, in conformity with God's will, to His +mercy. St. Bernardine of Sienna applies to Mary the words of Holy +Scripture, "I have penetrated into the bottom of the deep and have +walked in the waves of the sea" (_Ecclus._ xxiv. 8), and says: "She +descends into that sea of suffering and soothes the pains of the poor +souls." St. Denis the Carthusian remarks, that when the name of Mary is +mentioned in purgatory, the souls there imprisoned experience the same +relief as when a sick person hears words of consolation on his bed of +pain. + +Therefore let us entrust our prayers for the souls in purgatory to Mary. +She will present our petitions to God, and thus presented, He will +speedily hear and graciously grant them. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WE HAIL thee, strong child, who didst put to flight all hell and the +powers of darkness. We give thee our homage, and with all our hearts we +pray thee to vouchsafe in thy goodness to be born again in spirit in our +souls, that, led captive by thy loveliness and sweetness, they may ever +live united to thy most sweet and loving heart. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +NINTH DAY + +The Holy Name of Mary + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the Novena). + +MEDITATION + +ST. ALPHONSUS writes of the name of Mary: "This name was neither +invented on earth, nor imposed by human agency. It came from heaven and +was given to the Mother of God by divine command." Just as it is a +peculiar glory of our Saviour's name, that "God hath given Him a name +which is above all names, that in the name of Jesus every knee should +bow of those that are in heaven, on earth, and under the earth" +(_Philipp._ ii. 9), thus it also behooves that Mary, the most perfect, +the most pure, and most exalted of all created beings, should receive a +most holy, lovely, and powerful name. St. Methodius declares that the +name of Mary is so rich in grace and blessing, that no one can pronounce +it devoutly without at the same time receiving a spiritual favor. Bl. +Jordan exclaims: "Let a heart be ever so obdurate, let a man even +despair of God's mercy, if he have recourse to thee, O Mary, virgin most +clement, he can not fail to be softened and filled with confidence if he +invokes thy name; for thou wilt inspire him with hope in God's mercy, +pardon, and grace." + +PRACTICE + +IT IS, then, meet and just that we should devoutly honor and praise the +name of Mary. Let us never mention it except in reverence and devotion. +Let us invoke Mary by it in all dangers of body and soul, mindful of the +words of St. Bernard: "O sinner, when the floods and tempests of this +earthly life overwhelm thee so that thou canst not firmly set thy foot, +turn not away thy gaze from the light of this guiding star. When the +storms of temptation assail thee, and the rocks and quicksands of +vexation and trial threaten to shatter thy bark of hope, look up to that +bright star in the heavens, and call on the name of Mary. When the +billows of pride and of ambition, when the floods of calumny are about +to submerge thee, look up to this star and call on the name of Mary. +When anger, avarice, and concupiscence convulse the peace of thy soul, +look up to this star and call on Mary. When thy sins rise up like +hideous monsters before thy troubled vision, when thy conscience stings +thee, when the terrors of future judgment fill thee with deadly anguish, +when gloom and sadness overpower thee, when thou findest thyself on the +brink of hellish despair, take courage; think of Mary, and thou wilt +find from thy own inward experience how true are the sayings of those +who tell thee that the name of the Blessed Virgin is 'Star of the Sea,' +the name of the Virgin is Mary." + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the Novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WE HAIL thee, beloved child Mary, adorned with every virtue, +immeasurably above all the saints, and therefore worthy Mother of the +Saviour of the world, who by the operation of the Holy Ghost didst bring +forth the incarnate Word. We give thee our homage, and with all our +hearts we pray thee to vouchsafe in thy goodness to be born again in our +souls, that, led captive by thy loveliness and sweetness, they may ever +live united to thy most sweet and loving heart. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the Novena). + + + +III + +Novena for the Feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary + +FIRST DAY + +The Annunciation + +PREPARATORY PRAYER + +MY QUEEN, my Mother, remember I am thine own. Keep me, guard me, as thy +property and possession! + +Indulgence. 40 days, every time. (Pius IX, August 5, 1851.) + +MEDITATION + +AT NAZARETH, a mountain village in Judea, lived poor and in obscurity +Mary, the virgin selected by God to become the Mother of His Son. On +March 25th she was in prayer in her chamber, and perhaps sent up to +heaven the yearning petition, "Drop down dew, ye heavens, from above, +and let the clouds rain the just; let the earth be opened and bud a +Saviour" (_Is._ xlv. 8). Behold, suddenly the chamber is suffused by a +heavenly light. The archangel Gabriel stands reverently before her and +says, "Hail, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou +among women. And when Mary heard the angel's words, she was troubled at +his saying, and thought with herself what manner of salutation this +should be" (_Luke_ i. 28, 29). + +PRACTICE + +THE angel's salutation comprises two titles of ineffable greatness. Mary +is called "full of grace," because of her innocence and purity; she is +called "blessed among women," because she is the elect Mother of God. +Never before was a human being thus greeted. It was God Himself who sent +the message to Mary. A good angel now repaired the harm once done by a +bad angel. For Lucifer, the fallen angel, seduced Eve to sin and thereby +caused the ruin of the whole human race; now another angel, Gabriel, was +sent to announce the glad tidings to Mary, that she was to conceive the +Redeemer from sin, who was to accomplish the salvation of mankind. + +Mary was troubled at the angel's words, and reflected on the meaning of +the message. St. Ambrose writes: "Mary was troubled, not because the +angel was a heavenly spirit, but because he appeared to her in the form +of a youth. Still more was she troubled at the praises spoken to her. +She was innocent and humble, and therefore reflected on the meaning of +the message. She had always considered herself as a poor and unknown +virgin; she deemed herself unworthy of God's grace; therefore she was +troubled at the salutation. In that decisive moment she was and remained +our model." + +[Illustration: The Flight into Egypt] + +PRAYER OF THE CHURCH + +POUR forth, we beseech Thee, O Lord, Thy grace into our hearts, that we +unto whom the Incarnation of Christ Thy Son was made known by the +message of an angel, may, by His passion and cross, be brought to the +glory of the resurrection. Through the same Christ our Lord. Amen. + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +WITH wonder I revere thee, holiest Virgin Mary; for of all God's +creatures thou wast the humblest on the very day of thy annunciation, +when God Himself exalted Thee to the sublime dignity of His own Mother. +O mightiest Virgin, make me, wretched sinner that I am, know the depths +of my own nothingness, and make me humble myself at last with all my +heart, beneath the feet of all men. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +_Ejaculation_ + +Virgin Mary, Mother of God, pray to Jesus for me! + +Indulgence. 50 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, March 20, 1894.) + + + +SECOND DAY + +The Import of the Angel's Salutation + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +"HAIL, full of grace!" Mary was greeted as full of grace by the Giver of +grace Himself. The angel's salutation meant: "The grace of God has +preserved thee from all sin. Neither the stain of original sin, nor the +guilt of actual sin, ever obscured the mirror of thy soul. By the +special favor of God the most sublime virtues were infused into thy +soul." + +"The Lord is with thee." From all eternity the Lord was with Mary. He +was with her not only as He is with His whole creation, but He was with +her in a special manner. The eternal Father was with her from all +eternity as with His beloved Daughter. The divine Son was with her from +all eternity as with His chosen Mother. The Holy Ghost was with her from +all eternity as with His beloved Spouse. This intimate union never was +disrupted. Therefore Mary is "Blessed among women," and ever was, and +ever shall be the beloved of the Lord. + +PRACTICE + +CONSIDER how Mary receives the angel's message. She is troubled, she is +disturbed at the praise, at the reverence of the angel. What an example +of humility! Let us imitate her in this virtue by the acknowledgment +before God of our weakness, our unworthiness, our nothingness, and by +ordering our whole being accordingly. Humility renders us pleasing in +the sight of God and makes us susceptible of His grace. Hence St. +Augustine writes: "God resists the proud and gives His grace to the +humble. What a terrible punishment for the proud, what a splendid reward +for the humble! The proud man resembles a rock, the humble man a +beautiful valley. The grace of God descends from heaven like a gentle +rain. It can not penetrate the rock of pride, and hence the proud man +loses God's grace and love. But in the valley of humility the waters of +divine grace can diffuse themselves and fructify the soul of the humble +man, so that it may bring forth fruit unto eternal life." + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O MARY, holiest Virgin, who, when the archangel Gabriel hailed thee in +thy annunciation, and thou wast raised by God above all choirs of the +angels, didst confess thyself "the handmaid of the Lord"; do thou obtain +for me true humility and a truly angelic purity, and so to live on earth +as ever to be worthy of the blessings of God. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +THIRD DAY + +The Effect of the Angel's Salutation + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE effect of the angel's salutation on Mary was striking. Imbued with +sentiments quite different from ours, she was troubled at the praise +addressed to her. Meanwhile she is silent and considers within herself +what might be the meaning of these words. And now the angel calls her by +name, saying, "Fear not, Mary, for thou hast found grace with God. +Behold thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and shalt bring forth a son, and +thou shalt call His name Jesus. He shall be great, and shall be called +the Son of the Most High, and the Lord God shall give unto Him the +throne of David His father: and He shall reign in the house of Jacob for +ever, and of His kingdom there shall be no end" (_Luke_ i. 30-33). + +PRACTICE + +LET us admire the prudence shining forth in Mary. After hearing the +angel's words of praise she was silent and thought within herself what +kind of a salutation this was. She is very careful and prudent. On this +her conduct St. Thomas Aquinas remarks: "Mary did not refuse to believe, +nor did she receive the message with credulity. She avoided Eve's +gullibility and the distrust of Zachary the high priest." And St. +Bernard writes: "Mary preferred to remain silent in humility, rather +than to speak inconsiderately." Let us strive always to speak and act +with deliberation. Our conversation ought always to be judicious; for +often a word spoken inconsiderately causes bitter regret. St. Thomas +Aquinas observes: "Song was given to a number of creatures, but human +beings alone were endowed with the faculty of speech, to indicate that +in speaking we should use our reason." And St. Chrysostom says: "Let us +always guard our tongue; not that it should always be silent, but that +it should speak at the proper time." + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I REJOICE with thee, O Virgin ever blessed, because by thy humble word +of consent thou didst draw down from the bosom of the eternal Father the +divine Word into thy own pure bosom. O draw, then, ever my heart to God; +and with God bring grace into my heart that I may ever sincerely bless +thy word of consent, so mighty and so efficacious. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +FOURTH DAY + +Mary's Question + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +WELL versed as Mary was in Holy Scripture, she fully understood the +words she had heard and knew their great import. She was destined to +become the Mother of the Most High, the Son of God. But there is an +obstacle which prevents her from giving immediate assent. She has +solemnly vowed her virginity to God. Not knowing how the mystery +announced to her was to be accomplished, and intent above all on keeping +inviolate her vow, she interrupts her silence by the short but +comprehensive question, "How shall this be done, because I know not +man?" (_Luke_ i. 34.) This is the first word of Mary recorded in the +Gospel. + +PRACTICE + +"HOW shall this be done, because I know not man?" Truly a momentous +question, proceeding from her knowledge of the great excellence and +value before God of virginity, which, before Mary, was unknown to the +world. + +Let us follow Mary's example and esteem holy purity and chastity above +all things. Let us remember how highly Holy Scripture extols this +virtue. "O how beautiful is the chaste generation with glory; for the +memory thereof is immortal, because it is known both with God and with +men" (_Wis._ iv. 1). St. Athanasius writes: "O chastity, thou precious +pearl, found by few, even hated by some, and sought only by those who +are worthy of thee! Thou art the joy of the prophets, the ornament of +the apostles, the life of the angels, the crown of the saints." Let us +therefore carefully guard this inestimable treasure. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MARY, mighty Virgin, thou who on the day of thy annunciation wast found +by the archangel so prompt and ready to do God's will, and to correspond +with the desires of the august Trinity, who wished for thy consent in +order to redeem the world; obtain for me that, whatever happens, good or +ill, I may turn to my God, and with resignation say, "Be it done unto me +according to thy word." + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +FIFTH DAY + +The Solution + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE angel explains to Mary how, without detriment to her virginity, she +will become a mother. He says, "The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and +the power of the Most High shall overshadow thee. And therefore also the +Holy which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God" (_Luke_ +i. 35). St. Bernard remarks: "Let him who can, comprehend it. Who, but +that most happy Virgin who was worthy to experience the influence and +effect of the power of the Most High and to penetrate this sublime +mystery, can understand how the divine Light was poured into the +Virgin's womb? The Most Holy Trinity alone co-operated in the sacred +act, and it remains an impenetrable mystery to all, except to her who +was called to so sublime a destiny." + +PRACTICE + +MARY did not entertain a single doubt concerning the wonders which the +angel announced to her about the coming Messias and His kingdom. She +believed with simple faith the words of the heavenly messenger. Only +about that which concerned her personally she asked a question. When the +wonderful mystery was explained to her, she did not ask how this _can_ +be done, but only how it _shall_ be done. And after the angel had +declared to her that she shall conceive by the Holy Ghost, she was fully +resigned and announced her implicit belief in these humble words: +"Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it done to me according to thy +word" (_Luke_ i. 38). Therefore the Holy Ghost Himself praised her by +the mouth of Elizabeth: "Blessed art thou that hast believed" (_Luke_ i. +45). + +Let us remain steadfast in the profession of all articles of faith, and +let us oppose, like a strong shield, the words, "Nothing is impossible +with God," to all attacks of unbelievers, and to all doubts that may +arise in our own minds. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +MARY most holy, I see that thy obedience united thee so closely to God, +that all creation never shall know again union so fair and so perfect. I +am overwhelmed with confusion in seeing how my sins have separated me +from God. Help me, then, gentle Mother, to repent sincerely of my sins, +that I may be reunited to thy loving Jesus. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +SIXTH DAY + +Mary's Consent + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +WE ADMIRE the creative word of God, by which heaven and earth were +called into existence. But Mary's word, "Be it done to me according to +thy word," is even mightier and more efficacious; for it commands the +obedience even of the almighty Creator. Without this word of humility +and obedience the incarnation of our divine Saviour would not have been +accomplished. Mary does not say, "I accept the proposal, I agree to the +proposition," nor does she use other words of similar import. She simply +says, "Be it done to me according to thy word." It was not her own +choice, nor her own decision, but a voluntary, full, and complete +surrender to the will of God that the message found in Mary's soul, +which was expressed in these words. What a source of consolation to her +in the subsequent sorrowful and afflicted stages of her life was this +complete surrender to God's will! It comprised the tranquilizing +assurance that He to whose designs she submitted, would endow her with +the fortitude and strength necessary to co-operate with them. + +PRACTICE + +JUST as our divine Lord Himself became obedient unto death, thus also +His incarnation and the motherhood of Mary were the result of obedience. +Again, in contemplating the works that in the course of time were +undertaken in the Church for the glory of God and the salvation of man, +we find that only those were really great, effective, and enduring, +which had their beginning, continuation, and consummation in obedience. + +Rejoice, then, if it is your happy lot to walk in the safe path of +obedience. Avail yourself of every opportunity to submit your will to +the will of your Superiors. They are the representatives of God. By +obeying them we fulfil His will, not the will of men. St. Bonaventure +calls obedience the key of heaven. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +HOLIEST Mary, if through thy modesty thou wert troubled at the +appearance of the archangel Gabriel in thy dwelling, I am terrified at +the sight of my monstrous pride. By thy incomparable humility, which +brought forth God for men, reopened paradise and let the captive souls +go free from their prison, draw me, I pray thee, out of the deep pit +into which my sins have cast me, and make me save my soul. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +SEVENTH DAY + +Mary's Fortitude in Suffering + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +ALTHOUGH Mary's consent was free, and freely given, she was clearly +convinced and perfectly conscious of the responsibility, the +obligations, and the duties involved by that consent, and which she now +assumed. Great are the duties and tearful the days of a mother who has +to raise her Son, who is also God, to be sacrificed on the cross. Mary +assumes with the dignity this responsibility. She consents to conceive +the Son of God, to give birth to Him, to nourish Him, to educate Him for +the ignominious death of the cross. When she pronounced the words, "Be +it done," her eyes were fixed on the distant tragedy of Golgotha, on the +cross towering upon its height. Yet she accepts it, together with the +dignity of Mother of God. + +PRACTICE + +MARY, in consenting to become the Mother of Jesus, became not only His +Mother, but the Mother of all mankind. She became, for all time, the +refuge of sinners, the health of the sick, the intercessor with God for +man; she consented to exercise a mother's love for suffering and sinful +humanity. But alas, how many of those adopted by Mary as her children +under the cross of her dying Son are unworthy of her mother love! How +many are rebellious children, who fill her heart with sorrow and +anguish! Others, faithless and obdurate, become a reproach to her. Have +you, during your past life, always been a good child of this loving +Mother? Are you to her an honor or a disgrace, a joy or a sorrow? + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +THOUGH my tongue is unhallowed, yet, purest Virgin, I presume to hail +thee every day with the angel's salutation, "Hail Mary, full of grace!" +From my heart, I pray thee, pour into my soul a little of that mighty +grace wherewith the Holy Spirit, overshadowing thee, filled thee to the +full. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +EIGHTH DAY + +Mary, the Mother of God + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +MARY'S true greatness consists in her having been chosen the Mother of +God. This sublime dignity, pre-eminently her own and shared by no other +creature, elevates her to a station inconceivably exalted. Mother of +God! St. Peter Damian thus gives expression to his conception of this +dignity: "In what words may mortal man be permitted to pronounce the +praises of her who brought forth that divine Word who lives for all +eternity? Where can a tongue be found holy and pure enough to eulogize +her who bore the author of all created things, whom the elements praise +and obey in fear and trembling? When we essay to extol a martyr's +constancy, to recount his heroic acts of virtue, to describe his +devotion to his Saviour's cause and honor, we are supplied with words by +facts and occurrences that belong to the province of human experience. +But when we undertake to describe the glories of the Blessed Virgin, we +are on unknown ground, on a subject transcending all human effort. We +fail to find words suitable to portray her sublime prerogatives, +privileges, and mysteries." + +PRACTICE + +ST. ANSELM, writing on the motherhood of Mary, says: "It was eminently +just and proper that the creature chosen to be the Mother of God should +shine with a luster of purity far beyond anything conceivable in any +other creature under heaven. For it was to her that the eternal Father +decreed to give His only-begotten Son, whom He loves as Himself; and to +give Him in such a mysterious manner that He should be at the same time +the Son of God and the Son of the Virgin Mary. She must indeed be purity +itself, whom the Son of God elected as His Mother, and who was the +chosen Spouse of the Holy Ghost, to be overshadowed by Him to bring +forth the Second Person of that Most Blessed Trinity from whom He +Himself proceeds." + +Let us honor the virgin Mother with filial devotion, gratefully greeting +her often in the words of the angel, "Hail Mary, full of grace!" Let us +remember that God alone is above Mary, and beneath her is all that is +not God. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I BELIEVE, holiest Mary, that almighty God was ever with thee from thy +conception, and is, by His incarnation, still more closely united to +thee. Make it thy care, I pray thee, that I may be with that same Lord +Jesus ever one heart and soul by means of sanctifying grace. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +NINTH DAY + +Mary, Our Mother + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +MARY could not consent to become the Mother of the Redeemer without +including in her consent those to be redeemed. "She bore one man," says +St. Antonine, "and thereby has borne all men again. Beneath the cross +of her divine Son she has reborne us to life with great pain, just as +Eve our first mother, has borne us under the tree of forbidden fruit +unto death. That there be no doubt concerning it, her divine Son made +this declaration in His last will." "When therefore Jesus had seen His +Mother and the disciple standing whom He loved, He saith to His Mother, +Woman, behold thy son. After that He saith to the disciple, Behold thy +Mother" (_John_ xix. 26 27). She gave up her Son for the redemption of +mankind, and He gave us, in the person of His beloved disciple St. John, +to her as her children, declaring her our Mother. From that moment we +belong to Mary, and Mary belongs to us: "Behold thy Mother!" + +[Illustration: The rest in Egypt] + +PRACTICE + +MARY loves us because she loves God, and because God loves us. She loves +us as her brethren who share human nature with her. She loves us as her +children, whom she has borne to eternal life. She loves us because we +are miserable and helpless. True, we offended her divine Son, but she +knows our frailty, our blindness, the assaults of the flesh and the +devil to which we are exposed; and by all this she is moved to come to +our aid. + +Do not, however, imagine that this good and amiable Mother will hear +your call for assistance if you continue to offend her divine Son with +malice prepense. To obtain her aid you must make yourself in a manner +worthy of it. This you do by striving to imitate her virtues. Or is +there anything in her example that we are unable to imitate? True, we +can not attain to her perfection in virtue, but we can copy it to a +certain degree. To follow Mary's example there is no need of performing +miracles, of having ecstasies, or of doing any other extraordinary +deeds. All that is necessary is to persevere faithfully in the ordinary +duties of life, and to perform them to the best of our ability. + +"Behold thy Mother!" These words of our dying Lord were addressed to the +beloved disciple St. John, but were intended for all mankind. Even as +Mary never ceases to be the Mother of God, she never will cease to be +our Mother. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O HOLIEST Mary, bless me, my heart and my soul, as thou thyself wast +ever blessed of God among all women; for I have this sure hope, dear +Mother, that if thou bless me while I live, then, when I die, I shall be +blessed of God in the everlasting glory of heaven. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +IV + +Novena in Honor of the Seven Sorrows of Mary + +NOTE.--Besides the indulgences granted for every novena in honor of the +Blessed Virgin Mary by Pius IX, Pope Leo XIII, January 27, 1888, granted +that all the faithful may gain, on the _third Sunday in September_, +being the second feast of the Seven Sorrows of Mary (the other is +observed on the Friday before Palm Sunday), a plenary indulgence _as +often_ as they visit, after confession and communion, a church where the +Archconfraternity of the Seven Sorrows is canonically established, and +pray there for the intentions of the Holy Father. This indulgence is +applicable to the souls in purgatory. + + + +FIRST DAY + +Devotion to the Seven Sorrows of Mary + +PREPARATORY PRAYER + + BID me bear, O Mother blessed, + On my heart the wounds impressed + Suffered by the Crucified! + +Indulgence. 300 days, once a day. A plenary indulgence, on any one day, +in each month, to those who shall have practised this devotion for a +month, saying besides seven Hail Marys, followed each time by the above +invocation. Conditions: Confession, communion, and prayer for the +intentions of the Pope. (Pius IX, June 18, 1876.) + +MEDITATION + +FROM the dolorous way of Our Lord's passion Holy Church selected +fourteen incidents to place before us for consideration, which are +called the Stations of the Cross. In the same manner the pious devotion +of the faithful selected seven events in the life of the Blessed Virgin +Mary, and gives itself to their religious contemplation. They are: (1) +Simeon's prophecy in the Temple; (2) the flight into Egypt with the +divine Child; (3) the loss of the divine Child at Jerusalem; (4) Mary's +meeting with her Son bearing the cross; (5) Mary beneath the cross; (6) +Mary receives the body of her Son from the cross; (7) the placing of +Jesus' body in the tomb. + +PRACTICE + +"FORGET not the sorrows of thy mother" (_Ecclus._ vii. 29). According to +this exhortation of Holy Scripture it is our duty to remember and +meditate often on the sorrows of the Blessed Virgin Mary. We ought never +to forget that our sins were the cause of the sufferings and death of +Jesus, and therefore also of the sorrows of Mary. + +Holy Church celebrates two feasts in honor of the sorrows of Mary; she +approved of the Rosary and of many other devotions in honor of the Seven +Dolors, and enriched them with numerous indulgences. Let us practise +these devotions to enkindle in our hearts a true and ardent love for our +sorrowful Mother. + +PRAYER OF THE CHURCH + +GRANT, we beseech Thee, O Lord Jesus Christ, that the most blessed +Virgin Mary, Thy Mother, may intercede for us before the throne of Thy +mercy, now and at the hour of our death, through whose most holy soul, +in the hour of Thine own passion, the sword of sorrow passed. Through +Thee, Jesus Christ, Saviour of the world, who livest and reignest with +the Father and the Holy Ghost, for ever and ever. Amen. + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +EVER glorious Blessed Virgin Mary, queen of martyrs, mother of mercy, +hope, and comfort of dejected and desolate souls, through the sorrows +that pierced thy tender heart I beseech thee take pity on my poverty and +necessities, have compassion on my anxieties and miseries. I ask it +through the mercy of thy divine Son; I ask it through His immaculate +life, bitter passion, and ignominious death on the cross. As I am +persuaded that He honors thee as His beloved Mother, to whom He refuses +nothing, let me experience the efficacy of thy powerful intercession, +according to the tenderness of thy maternal affection, now and at the +hour of my death. Amen. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +_Ejaculation_ + +Mother of Sorrows, queen of martyrs, pray for us! + + + +SECOND DAY + +Mary's First Sorrow: Simeon's Prophecy in the Temple + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +FORTY days after the birth of our divine Saviour, Mary His Mother +fulfilled the law of Moses by offering Him to His divine Father in the +Temple. "And behold there was a man in Jerusalem named Simeon, and this +man was just and devout, waiting for the consolation of Israel, and the +Holy Ghost was in Him. And he received an answer from the Holy Ghost, +that he should not see death before he had seen the Christ of the Lord. +And he came by the Spirit into the temple. And when His parents brought +in the child Jesus, to do for Him according to the custom of the law, he +also took Him into his arms, and blessed God, and said: Now dost Thou +dismiss Thy servant, O Lord, according to Thy word, in peace; because my +eyes have seen Thy salvation, which Thou hast prepared before the face +of all peoples. A light to the revelation of the gentiles and the glory +of Thy people Israel. And His father and mother were wondering at these +things which were spoken concerning Him. And Simeon blessed them, and +said to Mary His Mother: Behold this child is set for the fall and for +the resurrection of many in Israel, and for a sign which shall be +contradicted; and thy own soul a sword shall pierce, that out of many +hearts thoughts may be revealed" (_Luke_ ii. 25-35). + +PRACTICE + +MARY was familiar with the predictions of the prophets and knew that +ignominy, sorrow, and suffering would be her divine Son's portion +throughout His earthly career. But to have this secret of her anxious +soul thus publicly and solemnly declared by Simeon, was a sharp thrust +of that seven-edged sword which was to pierce her loving heart. In +spirit she viewed that boundless, surging sea of trials, pain, and death +on which her Son was to be tossed about, and was willing to be engulfed +in its bitter waters. Her affliction would have scarcely been greater +had the death sentence of her divine Son been pronounced then and there +and put into execution. What a sorrow, what an affliction, what a trial +for such a tender Mother! Well might she exclaim with the Royal Prophet: +"My life is wasted with grief, and my years in sighs" (_Ps._ xxx. 11). +Let us often contemplate this sorrow, and excite our hearts to a tender +compassion with the Mother of Sorrows. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing Mary, in the grief thy tender heart +underwent when the holy old man Simeon prophesied to thee. Dear Mother, +by thy heart then so afflicted, obtain for me the virtue of humility and +the gift of the holy fear of God. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +THIRD DAY + +Mary's Second Sorrow: The Flight into Egypt + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +FOR the second time the sword of sorrow pierced Mary's heart when she +was commanded to fly into Egypt with her divine Child. Without +manifesting undue perplexity or discontent, she hastily gathered a few +necessaries for the journey, while St. Joseph saddled the beast of +burden. Then taking the infant Jesus into her arms and pressing Him to +her throbbing heart, the holy pilgrims set forth into the cold, starry +night, away to a foreign land, through the trackless desert, and into a +heathen country. Arrived in Egypt, the experience of Bethlehem was +renewed; no one gave them shelter. + +PRACTICE + +DURING this second great sorrow, what was Mary's behavior? She was +content to fulfil the will of God; she did not ask for reasons, or +complain of the fatigues of the journey, but preserved her peace of +heart amid all the trials of this severe probation. She is poor, but her +poverty does not render her unhappy or querulous. If God sends us +trials, we ought not murmur or complain. Following the example of Mary, +let us bear them submissively. If we suffer patiently with Mary on +earth, we shall enjoy eternal bliss with her in heaven. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing Mary, for the anxiety which thy most +tender heart underwent during thy flight into Egypt and thy sojourn +there. Dear Mother, by thy heart then so sorrowful, obtain for me the +virtue of liberality, especially toward the poor, and the gift of piety. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +FOURTH DAY + +Mary's Third Sorrow: Jesus Lost in Jerusalem + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +WHO can describe Mary's sorrow when, returning from Jerusalem, she +missed her divine Son? With St. Joseph she retraced her steps in anxious +search of Him whom her soul loved. She went to all her relatives and +acquaintances in Jerusalem, but heard no tidings of her lost Child. She +passed three long days of anxiety in her search, and this constitutes +her third sorrow. Of it, Origen writes: "On account of the ineffable +love of Mary for her divine Son, she suffered more by His loss than the +martyrs suffered amid the most cruel tortures." + +PRACTICE + +IN MEDITATING on this sorrow of Mary, we ought to remember how +indifferent so many Christians are after having lost God by sin. They +feel no compunction, no sorrow at having offended Him, and yet they can +weep at the loss of a trifle; they shed copious tears when their will is +crossed, or when they receive a deserved reprimand; but for the loss of +their God they have not a tear. They have lost Him, perhaps years ago, +and never make the least effort to find Him. Pray to the sorrowful +Mother that she preserve you from such a deplorable fate! + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing Mary, for the terrors felt by thy +anxious heart when thou didst lose thy dear Son, Jesus. Dear Mother, by +thy heart, then so agitated, obtain for me the virtue of chastity, and +with it the gift of knowledge. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +FIFTH DAY + +Mary's Fourth Sorrow: She Meets Jesus Carrying His Cross + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE time was at hand when mankind's redemption was to be accomplished. +Already the divine Victim of our sins is bearing the instrument of our +salvation. Torn by the cruel scourging, crowned with thorns, and covered +with blood He proceeds on His way to Calvary, and in this pitiful +condition meets His blessed Mother. What a spectacle, what a sight for a +Mother such as Mary! Anxious to look upon her, and with one fond glance +to thank her for her heroic, unselfish love, He made an effort to change +His bowed position beneath the cross, feebly raised His head, and +directed toward her one loving glance of ineffable anguish, mingled with +grateful recognition and humble resignation. Then the sad procession +moves on, Mary following her divine Son on His way to death. + +PRACTICE + +WE, BY our sins, placed into the hands of the Jews and executioners the +weapons by which Jesus suffered, and thus we thrust the sword of sorrow +into Mary's heart. We repeat this, in a certain sense, as often as we +commit a grievous sin, because we thereby number ourselves among those +whom the Apostle describes as "crucifying again to themselves the Son of +God, and making Him a mockery" (_Heb._ vi. 6). Cardinal Hugo writes: +"Sinners crucify, as far as is in them, Christ our Lord, because they +repeat the cause of His crucifixion." Doing this, we thrust anew the +sword of sorrow into Mary's heart. Let this consideration fill us with +hatred for and fear of sin. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing Mary, for the shock thy mother heart +experienced when Jesus met thee as He carried His cross. Dear Mother, by +that heart of thine, then so afflicted, obtain for me the virtue of +patience and the gift of fortitude. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +SIXTH DAY + +Mary's Fifth Sorrow: Beneath the Cross + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +AT THE crucifixion of Jesus the soul of Mary was plunged into a sea of +sorrow when she stood three hours under the cross. Writhing in +excruciating pain, the Son of God hung upon the tree of disgrace and +infamy, yet Mary continued to stand at its foot, tearful, grieving, yet +persevering, filled with anguish because she could do nothing to help +Him. Another great sorrow befell the heart of Mary when she slowly +withdrew her tearful gaze from the face of Jesus, and cast her weeping +eyes upon the cold and indifferent world that lay in darkness around and +about Calvary. And yet, "When Jesus therefore had seen His Mother and +the disciple standing whom He loved, He saith to His Mother, Woman, +behold Thy son. After that He saith to the disciple, Behold thy Mother" +(_John_ xix. 26, 27). + +PRACTICE + +THESE words, "Behold thy son, behold thy Mother," contain and express +the mystery of unbounded love, which Jesus has for all mankind, but more +especially for the Church which is appointed and authorized to lead men +to salvation. O blessed, O happy bequest! It was not enough for the love +of Jesus to have restored heaven to us by His atoning death; He wished +also to give us His dearest Mother. And she has always shown herself as +such. To each of us individually she was and is a kind and loving +Mother. Give thanks to her, bless and praise her for having adopted you +as her child, and strive to become worthy of so great a privilege. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing Mary, for the martyrdom thy generous +heart bore so nobly whilst thou didst stand by Jesus agonizing. Dear +Mother, by thy heart then so cruelly martyred, obtain for me the virtue +of temperance and the gift of counsel. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +SEVENTH DAY + +Mary's Sixth Sorrow: The Taking Down of Jesus' Body from the Cross + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +WHO can describe the sorrow and anguish of Mary's heart when the body of +Jesus was taken from the cross, when her tearful eyes fell upon His +disfigured features! The pure and holy and beauteous form of her Son was +a mass of clotted blood and unsightly wounds; and yet, disfigured as it +was, there shone in His countenance a clear, calm expression of divine +majesty. Now Mary views the wounds of that sacred body; she looks at the +gap made in His side by the cruel spear, and can almost see the Sacred +Heart of Jesus, all bruised and broken for love of man. Before her +vision passes in detail His life and her own. Memory presents to her +mind every day and hour of their quiet, happy life at Nazareth. Is it to +be wondered, then, that at this bitter moment her sorrow was so great +that, as St. Anselm observes, she should have died had she not been +sustained by a miracle of divine omnipotence? + +PRACTICE + +OUGHT not the contemplation of the sorrows of our blessed Mother confirm +us in patience, in resignation to the will of God in our trials and +sufferings? If the Son of God said of Himself: "Ought not Christ to have +suffered these things, and so to enter into His glory?" (_Luke_ xxiv. +26); if the most pure and holy Mother of God, despite her great +prerogatives and merits, had to suffer a sorrow so ineffable, do not +murmur if the word of Christ is addressed also to you: "And he that +taketh not up his cross and followeth Me, is not worthy of Me" (_Matt._ +x. 38). + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing Mary, for the pain thou didst suffer +when the body of thy divine Son, taken down all torn and bloody from the +cross, was placed in thy arms. Dear Mother, by thy heart pierced +through, obtain for me the virtue of fraternal charity and the gift of +understanding. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + +[Illustration: On the Way to Jerusalem] + + + +EIGHTH DAY + +Mary's Seventh Sorrow: Jesus is Buried + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE sacrifice for the redemption of the world was accomplished. "And +Joseph, taking the body, wrapt it up in a clean linen cloth, and laid it +in his own new monument, which he had hewed out in a rock. And he rolled +a great stone to the door of the monument, and went his way" (_Matt._ +xxvii. 59). Mary also took part in the burial of her beloved Son, though +the evangelists do not mention her name amongst those who were present +on that mournful occasion. Never, most assuredly, was human soul visited +by such woe and desolation, as that which overwhelmed hers as she cast a +last glance on the precious remains of her dead Son. + +PRACTICE + +LET us learn of the sorrowful Mother at the tomb of her divine Son +submission to God's holy will in all things, but especially when He +takes from us one of our dear ones. Again, the contemplation of the +sufferings of Mary should fortify us in patience, whenever God is +pleased to visit us with a light and small cross of affliction, or even +with a sorrow that causes our heart to bleed. It should inspire us with +a filial confidence in Mary, who thus suffered for us and gave her +divine Son for our salvation. We can and ought to prove our love for +her, not by sentimental feelings of affection, but by a sincere hatred +of sin and great fervor in the service of her divine Son. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing Mary, for the anguish felt by thy loving +heart when Jesus' body was laid in the sepulcher. Dear Mother, by all +the bitterness of desolation thou didst know, obtain for me the virtue +of diligence and the gift of wisdom. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +NINTH DAY + +Reasons Why Mary Had to Suffer + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE reasons why God permitted Mary to suffer so much may be briefly +stated as follows: He did so from His love for Mary and from His love +for us. He did so from His love for Mary, because by suffering she +merited greater glory in heaven. As Mother of the Crucified she +persevered beneath the cross, and now she thrones in heaven as the +glorious Mother of the risen Redeemer. Because she shared in His +suffering, she now shares His glory. Again, God permitted Mary to suffer +because He loved us. If she had not experienced such bitter sorrow, we +would not have recourse to her, for whosoever has not suffered himself +can not have sympathy with the sufferings of others. Mary knows the +pangs of sorrow by experience, and therefore knows also how to console +and help us. + +PRACTICE + +BECAUSE she herself drained the most bitter cup of sorrow, Mary is +always willing to help those who invoke her aid. But above all she is +inclined to help repentant sinners, because she knows how great the +price of their redemption was, paid by the blood of her divine Son. She +is able to help us, because, after God, she is most powerful; she is +most willing to help us, because she loves us, whom God so has loved "as +to give His only-begotten Son" (_John_ iii. 16). Let us, therefore, have +recourse to her in all our needs, and we shall experience the power of +her help in life and death. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +I COMPASSIONATE thee, sorrowing Mary, for all thy sorrows. I beseech +thee, dear Mother, by thy heart pierced through by them, obtain for me +full abandonment to the will of God in everything and perseverance to +the end. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +V + +Novena for the Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary + + + +FIRST DAY + +Mary's Death was without Pain + +PREPARATORY PRAYER + +O MARY, Virgin most blessed and Mother of Our Lord and Redeemer Jesus +Christ, through thy mercy I beseech thee to come to my aid, and to +inspire me with such confidence in thy power, that I may have recourse +to thee, pray to thee, and implore thy aid in all needs of soul and +body. + +MEDITATION + +MARY, the virgin Mother of God, was conceived without original sin. She +never dimmed the luster of sanctifying grace which beautified her soul +by actual sin. Nevertheless she had to pass through the dark portal of +death before she was assumed, body and soul, into heaven. She had not +been endowed with the privilege of immortality with which God had +invested our first parents in paradise. It was meet that she should be +like unto her divine Son in everything, even in death. But as she had +drained the bitter cup of suffering during her whole life, and +especially when standing beneath the cross, her death was to be free +from pain and suffering. She quietly passed away yielding up her spirit +in a yearning desire to be united forever with her divine Son in heaven. + +PRACTICE + +IF YOU have dispossessed your heart of all unruly attachment to the +goods and enjoyments of this earth, you, too, may hope for a happy and +tranquil transition from this land of exile to your home in heaven. +Therefore, if you are still attached to the transitory things of this +life, disengage your heart from them now. The voluntary renouncement of +earthly goods alone is meritorious before God. The separation from them +enforced by the strong hand of death is of no supernatural value. + +PRAYER OF THE CHURCH + +WE BESEECH Thee, O Lord, pardon the shortcomings of Thy servants; that +we who, by our own works, are not able to please Thee, may be saved by +the intercession of the Mother of Thy Son, Our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O MOST benign Mother Mary! I rejoice that by thy happy and tranquil +death the yearning of thy heart was appeased, and thy life, so rich in +merit and sacrifice, received its crown. I rejoice that after passing +from this life, thou, O most loving Mother, wast made the glorious and +powerful queen of heaven and dost exercise thy influence as such for the +benefit of thy frail, exiled children on earth. Obtain for me, I beseech +thee, a happy death, that I may praise and glorify thy might and +kindness forever in heaven. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +_Ejaculation_ + +Sweet heart of Mary be my salvation! + +Indulgence. (1) 100 days, every time. (2) A plenary indulgence, once a +month, on any day, to all who shall have said it every day for a month, +under the usual conditions. + + + +SECOND DAY + +At Mary's Tomb + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +AN ANCIENT legend relates that, led by Heaven, all the Apostles, except +St. Thomas, assembled at the Blessed Virgin's death-bed. After she had +breathed forth her pure spirit, her sacred remains were prepared for the +grave by wrapping the body in new white linen and decking it with +flowers. Meanwhile the apostles, assembled in another room, sang psalms +and hymns in praise of their departed Mother. The apostles, all the +disciples, and the faithful dwelling in Jerusalem followed the blessed +remains to the grave chanting psalms and hymns. Arrived in the valley of +Josaphat, the body was gently placed in a sepulcher of stone not far +from the Garden of Olives. After the entombment the apostles and crowds +of the faithful lingered near the sacred spot in prayer, meditation, and +chanting of psalms in which angels' voices were heard to mingle. + +PRACTICE + +JOIN in spirit with the apostles and faithful in their prayer and +meditation at the grave of our blessed Mother. Contemplate and review +her whole life. Could a course like hers have terminated more +appropriately than with so beautiful, painless, and tranquil a passing +away? Prepare yourself even now for your departure from this life. Do +not postpone the settlement of your affairs, spiritual and temporal, +until the last uncertain hours. Above all, remove now, or as soon as +possible, all doubts, anxieties, and irregularities of conscience, +because delay is dangerous and leads to impenitence, and because in the +last hours the powers of hell usually assail the departing soul with all +their might. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +GLORIOUS Virgin, who for thy consolation didst deserve to die comforted +by the sight of thy dear Son Jesus, and in the company of the apostles +and angels; pray for us, that at that awful moment we, too, may be +comforted by receiving Jesus in the most holy Eucharist, and may feel +thee nigh when we breathe forth our soul. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +THIRD DAY + +The Empty Tomb + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +ST. JOHN DAMASCENE writes: "St. Thomas was not with the other apostles +when the Blessed Virgin died, but arrived in Jerusalem on the third day +after that event. Ardently desiring to see once more and to venerate the +sacred body which had given flesh and blood to his beloved Master, the +grave was opened for this purpose. The body could nowhere be seen, and a +delicious perfume filled the empty tomb. The apostles then became +convinced that as God had preserved the body of Mary free from sin +before, in, and after the birth of His Son, He was pleased likewise, +after her death, to preserve that same body from corruption, and to +glorify it in heaven." + +A council held in Jerusalem in the year 1672 declared: "It is beyond all +doubt that the Blessed Virgin is not only a great and miraculous sign on +earth, because she bore God in the flesh and yet remained a virgin, but +she is also a great and miraculous sign in heaven, because she was taken +up thither with soul and body. For although her sinless body was +enclosed in the tomb, yet, like the body of Our Lord, it arose on the +third day and was carried up to heaven." + +Although the doctrine of the bodily assumption of Mary into heaven was +not defined by the Church as an article of faith in the strict sense, +yet the learned Pope Benedict XIV remarks, "It would be presumptuous and +blameworthy in any one to call into doubt or to question this beautiful +and consoling belief of ages." + +PRACTICE + +LET us rejoice at the thought of the glorious resurrection of our dear +Mother. Let us unite ourselves in spirit with the apostles in heaven and +with Holy Church to congratulate her on this extraordinary privilege. +But let us also rejoice at the thought of our own resurrection. True, it +shall not take place immediately after death, but it is therefore not +the less certain, and it depends on us to make it glorious and blessed. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of God, Mary! As thy sacred body after +death was preserved from corruption, and united with thy sinless soul +was borne to heaven by the angels; obtain for me the grace that my life +and death be holy, so that on the Day of Judgment I may arise to glory +everlasting. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +FOURTH DAY + +Reasons for the Bodily Assumption of Mary into Heaven + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +1. THE wages of sin is death. Now, as the Blessed Virgin from the first +moment of her existence was preserved from all sin, and even from +original sin, it necessarily follows that death could have no permanent +dominion over her, and that her body would not be permitted to see +corruption. + +2. This sinless body had been the medium by which the body of Our Lord +Jesus Christ, who was the conqueror of death, had been formed. How, +then, could such a highly privileged body, a pure and virginal body, be +permitted to pass through corruption and decay? + +3. As Mary had yielded up her sacred person to be a dwelling-place for +the Lord of heaven, it seems fitting that this same Lord, in His turn, +should give the kingdom of heaven to her as her resting-place. St. +Bernard expresses this sentiment as follows: "When Our Lord came into +this world, Mary furnished Him with the noblest dwelling on earth, the +temple of her virginal womb. In return, the Lord on this day raises her +up to the highest throne in heaven." + +PRACTICE + +IF YOU desire to look forward to death without fear, and to expect your +dissolution with confidence, follow the Apostle's injunction, +"Therefore, whilst we have time, let us work good" (_Gal._ vi. 10). +Avoid sin, perform good works, be patient in affliction, and strive to +expiate the punishment due to your sins by voluntary acts of penance, +thus reducing your inclination to sin. Therefore offer up to God every +morning, in a spirit of penitence, all your labors, trials, and +sufferings. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of God, Mary! I beseech thee through the +ineffable glory thou didst make for thy departure from this world by a +life of retirement, full of merits and virtue, dedicated to God alone; +obtain for me the grace that, following thy example, I may detach my +heart from this world, and patiently bear affliction and adversity, +carefully avoid sin, and always strive to advance in the love of God. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +FIFTH DAY + +Mary's Glorious Entrance into Heaven + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +A JOY greater than human heart can conceive fills the heavenly spirits +when a soul enters heaven to receive her reward. What jubilant +transports, then, must those have been with which they hailed the +entrance into heavenly bliss of the most pure and holy Virgin, the +Mother of the Son of God, body and soul, transfigured in glory! And she +is, and shall be, for all eternity, their mistress and queen! What an +ineffable joy, too, for the Blessed Virgin, to behold the countless +numbers of angels, to admire their beauty, their purity, their intense +love of God! But as the feeble light of a candle disappears before the +splendor of the sun's rays, thus are these choirs of angels obscured by +the ineffable glory of her divine Son coming to welcome His Mother. Who +can describe this affecting meeting? What a superabundant reward for +affliction and suffering! What an ocean of joy and bliss, when the Son +of God presented His Mother before the throne of His heavenly Father, +who greeted her as His beloved Daughter! What a joy to behold the Holy +Ghost, whose pure Spouse she had been even on earth! These transports of +bliss baffle all attempts at description. + +PRACTICE + +THOUGH we are unable to have an adequate perception of Mary's glory in +heaven, by which she is raised above all angels and saints, yet it is in +our power to do one thing; we can rejoice at the glory of our blessed +Mother, and join the heavenly spirits and the saints in paying homage to +her. Let us resolve to do this, and never to forget that Mary attained +to the largest share of her divine Son's glory because she was foremost +in sharing His sufferings. Let this encourage us to bear our cross, to +bear it with our Saviour even to the height of Calvary, there to die +with Him. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of God, Mary! I beseech thee through the +preparation with which thou wast glorified by God--by the Father as His +most beloved Daughter, by the Son as His immaculate Mother, and by the +Holy Ghost as His most pure Spouse--in heaven; obtain for me the grace +to share to some extent this thy glory, and therefore to live so that I +may deserve it. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +SIXTH DAY + +Mary Crowned in Heaven + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +MARY'S glory received its culmination by her coronation as queen of +heaven and earth. It was meet that in her should be fulfilled the words +of Holy Scripture: "Come from Libanus, my Spouse, come, thou shalt be +crowned" (_Cant._ iv. 8), and that her own prophetic words, "He hath put +down the mighty from their seat, and hath exalted the humble" (_Luke_ i. +52), should be exemplified in her. For it was reasonable and becoming +that she, who once with Jesus wore the crown of shame and contempt, +should now share with Him the crown of immortal glory. It was but fair +and just that the immaculate being who was chosen, above all inhabitants +of heaven and earth, to be the true and worthy Mother of God, should now +be solemnly installed over all creatures in heaven and on earth as the +queen of angels and men, and that to her should be offered homage, +praise, and honor by the blessed spirits and by the souls of the saints. +But the crown which she received is not one made of gold and precious +stones; it is composed of the virtues with which Mary, in faithful +co-operation with divine grace, embellished herself; it consists, too, +of all the homage and glory which she receives as queen of heaven. The +most precious gem in this crown is the filial love and gratitude Jesus +shows toward His Mother in heaven. + +PRACTICE + +INDEED, "eye hath not seen, ear hath not heard, neither has it entered +into the heart of man," what the heavenly Father has prepared in the +mansions of eternal bliss for His beloved Daughter, the Son for His +Blessed Mother, and the Holy Ghost for His chosen Spouse. She is now +queen of heaven and earth; of heaven, for she is the queen of all angels +and saints; of earth, for as Mother of God she is the Mother of all +mankind, the mediatrix between the Redeemer and the redeemed. + +You, too, may contribute a gem toward the crown of your heavenly Mother +by paying her filial homage, imitating her virtues, and preserving, for +the love of her, your innocence and purity of heart. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +[Illustration: The Blessed Virgin and St. Joseph Finding Jesus in the +Temple] + +_Prayer_ + +O GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of God, Mary! I beseech thee through the +everlasting crown of glory with which God has crowned thee queen of +heaven and earth; obtain for me through thy mighty intercession the +grace to persevere in virtue to the end, so that finally I may attain +the crown of bliss prepared by God for those that love Him. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +SEVENTH DAY + +Mary's Bliss in Heaven + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +ACCORDING to Holy Scripture and the doctrine of the Church, there are in +heaven various grades of glory and bliss, according to the rank and +merit of the saints. They probably attain this higher grade of glory and +bliss by the increase of their ability to enjoy the happiness of heaven. +Their intellect is enabled to contemplate more profoundly the +incomprehensible essence of God; their power of perception is augmented +so that they may more readily recognize and admire the splendor of the +angels, saints, and heavenly mansions; their will is enabled to be +united, in a higher degree, with God. From this we may conclude that +Mary's bliss in heaven transcends all human conception. Her heavenly +glory and reward consists in the perfect adaptation of her whole being +to the enjoyment of God and of eternal bliss. + +PRACTICE + +LOOK up, Christian soul, to this great and brilliant queen of heaven. +She is your gentle Mother and assures you of her help, and the diadem +she wears upon her brow is a proof that she has the power to help you. +Do not, therefore, refuse the hand of this mighty friend in heaven, for +she will lift you from the depths of your misery, from the rocky shoals +of temptation, and lead you strong and victorious into the presence of +her divine Son. Thus you will enter into a new and supernatural life in +Christ, to share in the grace-laden mysteries of His life, passion, and +triumph. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O GREAT and glorious queen of heaven, Mary! I beseech thee by that +exalted throne upon which God has raised thee above all angels and +saints; let me one day appear amongst them to join them in their praise +of thee. Obtain for me the grace that I may never cease to honor thee as +thou dost deserve to be honored, and thereby to become worthy of thy +mighty protection in life and death. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +EIGHTH DAY + +Mary, the Queen of Mercy + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +MARY is, then, a queen, but--what a consolation to know it!--a queen +always mild and gentle, always willing to confer benefits upon us. Hence +the Church teaches us to call her the Mother of mercy. The pious and +learned author Gerson says: "God's dominion comprises justice and mercy. +He divided it, retaining the administration of justice for Himself, and +relinquishing, in a certain sense, the dispensation of mercy to Mary, by +conferring through her hands all graces He grants to mankind." How +consoling, then, the assurance that our merciful Mother is so mighty and +so loving a queen! + +PRACTICE + +SO GREAT is the tenderness of Mary's maternal heart "that never was it +heard that any one who fled to her protection, implored her help, and +sought her intercession was left unaided." How many prayers, petitions, +and thanksgivings ascend daily to the throne of this our exalted and +merciful protectress! There is not a cry of an afflicted, struggling, +and suffering soul that she does not graciously hear. Join, therefore, +confidently in the prayer of Holy Church, "Hail, holy queen, Mother of +mercy!" Approach her with filial trust. Neglect not to honor her +yourself, and do all in your power to lead others to do her honor. + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of God, Mary! Holy Church teaches me that +despite the glory to which thou wast exalted, thou didst not forget thy +miserable clients, and that in heaven thy mercy is still greater than it +was during thy life on earth. Therefore I come to thee and trustingly +lay at thy feet all my needs, miseries, and petitions. My queen, my +Mother, turn not thy gracious eyes from me. Remember me with thy divine +Son; cease not to pray for me and take me under thy protection, so that +I may finally have the happiness to see and praise thee in thy glory for +ever and ever. + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +NINTH DAY + +Mary in Heaven, the Help of Christians on Earth + +Preparatory Prayer (located on the first day of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +MARY'S help as Mother of mercy is not confined to individuals. She is +the protectress and helper of the whole Church. All over the earth, +wherever we cast our glance, in the records of the history of times long +past and those of recent occurrence, we find testimony of the graces and +benefits obtained through her intercession. The feasts celebrated by the +Church throughout the year, what are they but evidences of gratitude +offered to the queen of heaven for the oftentimes miraculous delivery +from war, pestilence, and other great afflictions? Hence she is rightly +invoked as the "Help of Christians." + +PRACTICE + +IN OUR days, too, storms and dangers threaten the Church. Let us, +therefore, by calling on Mary for help, do our part toward shortening +the days of visitation and trial. Let us not confine our petitions to +her within the narrow limits of our own personal needs, but let us join +in the cry for help ascending to the Mother of mercy throughout all +Christendom. Let us daily, for Holy Church, send up our petition to +Mary's heavenly throne: "Help of Christians, pray for us!" + +Prayer of the Church (located on the first day of the novena). + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of approved litanies). + +_Prayer_ + +O GLORIOUS Virgin and Mother of God, Mary, queen of heaven! Forget us +not. Thou art the help of Christians; lighten our tribulations, and help +us with motherly intercession at the throne of thy divine Son. With Holy +Church I join in the petition to thee: "Holy Mary, aid the miserable, +assist the desponding, strengthen the weak, pray for the people, plead +for the clergy, intercede for the devout female sex. Let all who have +recourse to thee experience the efficacy of thy help!" + +Hail Mary, etc. + +Ejaculation (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +PART III + +The Fourteen Holy Helpers + + +"The souls of the just are in the hand of God, and the torment of death +shall not touch them. In the sight of the unwise they seemed to die, and +their departure was taken for misery, and their going away from us for +utter destruction; but they are in peace. And though in the sight of men +they suffered torments, their hope is full of immortality. Afflicted in +a few things, in many they shall be well rewarded; because God has tried +them and found them worth of Himself" (_Wis._ iii 1-5.) + + + +CHAPTER I + +The Fourteen Holy Helpers + +AMONG the saints who in Catholic devotion are invoked with special +confidence, because they have proved themselves efficacious helpers in +adversity and difficulties, there is a group venerated under the +collective name of Holy Helpers. They are: + + 1. St. George, Martyr. + 2. St. Blase, Bishop and Martyr. + 3. St. Pantaleon, Martyr. + 4. St. Vitus, Martyr. + 5. St. Erasmus, Bishop and Martyr. + 6. St. Christophorus, Martyr. + 7. St. Dionysius, Bishop and Martyr. + 8. St. Cyriacus, Martyr. + 9. St. Achatius, Martyr. + 10. St. Eustachius, Martyr. + 11. St. Giles, Abbot. + 12. St. Catherine, Virgin and Martyr. + 13. St. Margaret, Virgin and Martyr. + 14. St. Barbara, Virgin and Martyr. + +The reason why these saints are invoked as a group is said to have been +an epidemic which devastated Europe from 1346 to 1349. It was called the +Plague, or "Black Death," and among its symptoms were the turning black +of the tongue, parching of the throat, violent headache, fever, and +boils on the abdomen. The malady attacked its victims suddenly, bereft +them of reason, and caused death in a few hours, so that many died +without the last sacraments. Fear caused many attacks and disrupted +social and family ties. To all appearances, the disease was incurable. + +During this period of general affliction the people in pious confidence +turned toward Heaven, and had recourse to the intercession of the +saints, praying to be spared an attack, or to be cured when stricken. +Among the saints invoked since the earliest times of the Church as +special patrons in certain diseases were: St. Christopher and St. Giles +against the plague, St. Dionysius against headache, St. Blase against +ills of the throat, St. Catherine against those of the tongue, St. +Erasmus against those of the abdomen, St. Barbara against fever, St. +Vitus against epilepsy. St. Pantaleon was the patron of physicians, St. +Cyriacus was had recourse to in temptations, especially in those at the +hour of death; St. Achatius was invoked in death agony; Sts. +Christopher, Barbara, and Catherine were appealed to for protection +against a sudden and unprovided death; the aid of St. Giles was implored +for making a good confession; St. Eustachius was patron in all kinds of +difficulties, and, because peculiar circumstances separated him for a +time from his family, he was invoked also in family troubles. Domestic +animals, too, being attacked by the plague, Sts. George, Erasmus, +Pantaleon, and Vitus were invoked for their protection. It appears from +the invocation of these saints, so widespread in olden times during the +plague and other epidemics, that their being grouped as the Fourteen +Holy Helpers originated in a like visitation. + +The fourteen saints venerated as the Holy Helpers are represented with +the symbols of their martyrdom, or with the insignia of their state of +life; also, as a group of children. The latter representation is +accounted for as follows: + +The abbey of Langheim, in the diocese of Bamberg, Bavaria, owned a farm +on which the monks kept their flocks. The sheep were tended by +shepherds, who led them along the hillsides, where they grazed quietly +during the day, and were driven home in the evening. + +On the evening of September 22, 1445, a young shepherd, Herman Leicht, +who was gathering his flock for the homeward drive, heard what seemed to +him to be the cry of a child, and looking about, saw a child sitting in +a field near by. Surprised, and wondering how the child came there, he +was about to approach, when it disappeared. Feeling rather disturbed, +the boy returned to his flock. After reaching it, he turned to look back +to the place where he had seen the apparition. There the child sat +again, this time in a circle of light, and between two burning candles. +Terrified at this second apparition, he made the sign of the cross. The +child smiled, as if to encourage him, and he was about to approach it +again, when it vanished a second time. Greatly perplexed, he drove his +flock home and informed his parents of the occurrence. But they called +the apparition a delusion and told him not to mention it to any one. +Nevertheless, feeling uneasy, and desiring an explanation, he went to +the monastery and related his experience to one of the Fathers, who +advised him to ask the child, if it ever should appear to him again, +what it wanted. + +Nearly a year later, June 28, 1446, the eve of the feast of Sts. Peter +and Paul, the child again appeared to the boy in the same place as +before and about sunset; but this time it was surrounded by thirteen +other children, all in a halo of glory. He boldly approached the group +and asked the child he had formerly seen in the name of the Father, and +of the Son, and the Holy Ghost, what it desired. The child replied: "We +are the Fourteen Helpers, and desire that a chapel be built for us. Be +thou our servant, and we shall serve thee." Then the group of children +disappeared, and the shepherd boy was filled with heavenly consolation. + +The following Sunday, after he had driven his flock to the pasture, it +seemed to him that he saw two lighted candles descending from the sky to +the place where he had seen the apparition. A woman who was passing at +the time declared that she also saw them. The boy hastened to the +monastery and told about the two apparitions. The abbot, Frederic IV, +and the rest of the community, were not inclined to believe in the +apparition, and ascribed it to the boy's visionary fancy. But when, in +the course of time, several extraordinary favors were granted to people +who prayed at the place of the apparition, the monks built a chapel +there. It was begun in 1447, and finished and dedicated next year under +the invocation of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Fourteen Holy Helpers. +The bishop granted an indulgence for the day of the anniversary of the +dedication, the Papal Nuncio, Cardinal Joannes, granted another, and +Pope Nicholas V a third. These indulgences, and a number of other +spiritual privileges granted to the chapel, attracted a great many +visitors, so that it became a place of pious pilgrimage. Elector +Frederic III, in fulfilment of a vow made when beset with difficulties, +visited the chapel in 1485. Emperor Ferdinand also visited it and left, +as a votive offering, his gold pectoral chain on the altar. + +Devotion to the Fourteen Holy Helpers continued to spread. In 1743, a +magnificent church, to replace the old chapel, was begun, and completed +in 1772. Churches and altars in honor of these saints are found in +Italy, Austria, Tyrol, Hungary, Bohemia, Switzerland, and other +countries of Europe. In the United States of America two churches are +dedicated under the invocation of the Holy Helpers: one in Baltimore, +Md., the other in Gardenville, N. Y. Wherever and whenever invoked, +these saints have proved themselves willing helpers in all difficulties, +vicissitudes, and trials of their faithful clients. + + + +CHAPTER II + +Legends + +BEFORE proceeding to relate the lives of the Fourteen Holy Helpers, we +deem it opportune to define the term usually applied to the narrative of +the lives of the saints. + +The histories of the saints are called Legends. This word is derived +from the Latin, and signifies something that is to be read, a passage +the reading of which is prescribed. The legends of the saints are the +lives of the holy martyrs and confessors of the Faith. Some of them +occur in the Roman Breviary which the Catholic clergy is obliged to read +every day. + +Joseph von Goerres, an illustrious champion of the Church during the +first half of the nineteenth century, writes as follows concerning +legends: + +"The histories of the lives of the saints were gathered from the +earliest times. A collection of such histories is found in 'The Golden +Legend.' The Passionales, too, containing the life of a saint for every +day in the year, belong to this sort of literature. In Germany these +histories were at first translations from the Latin; later, they were +written in the native idiom, and, in style, were of a charming +simplicity. At that time, when the upper classes did not yet judge +themselves too highly cultivated to share in the Faith, and not too +privileged to join in the sentiments and affections of the people, and +were therefore more in harmony with the lower ranks of society, these +legends were in general circulation among all classes: among the wealthy +in manuscript, among the poor orally and in the form in which they had +become acquainted with them in church and elsewhere. + +"In early times the science of criticism was unknown; therefore little +care was exercised in separating the poetic additions from the authentic +legends, especially as the Church had not yet spoken on the subject. +Faith was yet of that robust sort which is not affected by miraculous +occurrences. Nearly all Europe then still accepted the adage now current +only in Spain, 'It is better sometimes to believe what can not be +established as truth, than to lose a single truth by want of faith.' But +later the science of criticism came into its rights. The Church +established canonical rules, according to which a strict investigation +of all the facts submitted to her judgment was to be made, and rejected +everything that could not stand the most rigid examination. + +[Illustration: Mary, the Mother of Sorrows] + +"Then Art devoted itself to that legendary lore which the Church, +declaring it outside of her domain, permitted to be embellished at will. +Thus poetic legends were multiplied, their authors being more or less +convinced that the reader would be able to distinguish truth from +poetical embellishment. The common people continued to make little +distinction and did not permit criticism to influence their ancient +beliefs. They regarded these legends as they regard the pictures of the +saints; not as portraits of the persons depicted--for in the very next +church the same saint might be represented in a quite different manner-- +but as illustrations, more or less apt, whose object was to attract the +attention by their artistic character and thus to draw the mind to the +contemplation of their original, and by it to God, and thereby serve the +purpose of edification." + +If we are not devoid of all sentiments of piety, the history of the +combats and victories of the saints and martyrs, and the narrative of +the miracles wrought through their intercession before and after their +death, will always be a source of joy and consolation to us, and will +tend to animate us with similar fortitude and love of virtue. + +The legends of the Fourteen Holy Helpers are replete with the most +glorious examples of heroic firmness and invincible courage in the +profession of the Faith, which ought to incite us to imitate their +fidelity in the performance of the Christian and social duties. If they, +with the aid of God's grace, achieved such victories, why should not we, +by the same aid, be able to accomplish the little desired of us? God +rewarded His victorious champions with eternal bliss; the same crown is +prepared for us, if we but render ourselves worthy of it. God placed the +seal of miracles on the intrepid confession of His servants; and a mind +imbued with the spirit of faith sees nothing extraordinary therein, +because our divine Saviour Himself said, "Amen, amen I say to you, he +that believeth in Me, the works that I do, he also shall do, and greater +than these shall he do" (_John_ xiv. 12). In all the miraculous events +wrought in and by the saints appears only the victorious omnipotent +power of Jesus Christ, and the living faith in which His servants +operated in virtue of this power. To obliterate the miracles that appear +in the lives of the saints, or even to enfeeble their import by the +manner of relating them, would rob these legends of their intrinsic +value. If our age is no longer robust enough to acknowledge the effects +of divine omnipotence and grace, it does not follow that they must be +disavowed or denied. + + + +The Legends of the Fourteen Holy Helpers + +I. + +St. George, Martyr + +LEGEND + +ST. GEORGE is honored throughout Christendom as one of the most +illustrious martyrs of Jesus Christ. In the reign of the first Christian +emperors numerous churches were erected in his honor, and his tomb in +Palestine became a celebrated place of pilgrimage. But his history is +involved in great obscurity, as no early records of his life and +martyrdom are at present in existence. The following are the traditions +concerning him which have been handed down to us by the Greek +historians, and which are celebrated in verse by that illustrious saint +and poet of the eighth century, St. John Damascene. + +St. George is said to have been born in Cappadocia of noble Christian +parents. After the death of his father, he traveled with his mother into +Palestine, of which she was a native. There she possessed a considerable +estate, which fell to him upon her death. Being strong and robust in +body, he embraced the profession of a soldier, and was made a tribune, +or colonel, in the army. His courage and fidelity attracted the +attention of Emperor Diocletian, who bestowed upon him marks of special +favor. When that prince declared war against the Christian religion, St. +George laid aside the signs of his rank, threw up his commission, and +rebuked the emperor for the severity of his bloody edicts. He was +immediately cast into prison, and alternate threats and promises were +employed to induce him to apostatize. As he continued firm, he was put +to the torture and tormented with great cruelty. "I despise your +promises," he said to the judge, "and do not fear your threats. The +emperor's power is of short duration, and his reign will soon end. It +were better for you, to acknowledge the true God and to seek His +kingdom." Thereupon a great block of stone was placed on the breast of +the brave young officer, and thus he was left in prison. + +Next day he was bound upon a wheel set with sharp knives, and it was put +in motion to cut him to pieces. Whilst suffering this cruel torture, he +saw a heavenly vision, which consoled and encouraged him, saying, +"George, fear not; I am with thee." His patience and fortitude under the +torments inflicted on him so affected the numerous pagan spectators that +many of them were converted to the Faith and suffered martyrdom for it. +On the next day, April 23, 303, St. George was led through the city and +beheaded. This took place at Lydda, the city in which, as we read in the +Acts of the Apostles (ix.), St. Peter healed a man sick with the palsy. + +St. George is usually represented as a knight tilting against a dragon; +but this is only emblematical of the glorious combat in which he +encountered and overthrew the devil, winning for himself thereby a +martyr's crown. + +LESSON + +WE TOO, like St. George, often have opportunity to confess our faith in +Christ. We confess it by patiently bearing adversity, by suppressing our +evil inclinations, by suffering injustice without retaliating evil for +evil, by using every opportunity of performing deeds of charity, by +devoting ourselves unremittingly to our daily duties, by carefully +guarding our tongue, etc. Examine yourself whether you have not often +denied your Faith, if not in words, through your works. + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who dost rejoice us by the merits and intercession of Thy blessed +martyr George; graciously grant that we, who through him implore Thee +for Thy bounty, may receive thereby the gift of Thy grace. Through +Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +II + +St. Blase, Bishop and Martyr + +LEGEND + +ST. BLASE was born at Sebaste, Armenia. He became a physician, but at +the same time devoted himself zealously to the practice of his Christian +duties. His virtuous conduct gained for him the esteem of the Christian +clergy and people to such a degree, that he was elected bishop of his +native city. Henceforth he devoted himself to ward off the dangers of +soul from the faithful, as he had hitherto been intent on healing their +bodily ills. To all, he was a shining example of virtue. + +During the reign of Emperor Licinius a cruel persecution of Christians +broke out. The persecutors directed their fury principally against the +bishops, well knowing that when the shepherd is stricken the flock is +dispersed. Listening to the entreaties of the faithful, and mindful of +the words of Our Lord, "When they shall persecute you in this city, flee +into another" (_Matt._ x. 23), St. Blase hid himself in a cave. But one +day the prefect Agricola instituted a chase, and his party discovered +the holy bishop and brought him before their master. + +St. Blase remained steadfast in the Faith, and by its able confession +and defense attracted the attention of the attendants at his trial. The +cruel tyrant had him bound and tortured with iron combs. After suffering +these torments with great patience and meekness, the saint was cast into +prison. He was kept there a long time, because the prefect hoped to +exhaust his powers of endurance, and to bring him to sacrifice to the +idols. His jailer permitted the holy bishop to receive visitors in his +prison, and many sick and suffering availed themselves of this +privilege. He cured some of them and gave good advice to others. + +One day a mother brought to him her boy, who, while eating, had +swallowed a fishbone, which remained in his throat, and, causing great +pain, threatened suffocation. St. Blase prayed and made the sign of the +cross over the boy, and behold, he was cured. For this reason the saint +is invoked in throat troubles. + +At length the holy bishop was again brought before the judge and +commanded to sacrifice to the idols. But he said: "Thou art blind, +because thou art not illuminated by the true light. How can a man +sacrifice to idols, when he adores the true God alone? I do not fear thy +threats. Do with me according to thy pleasure. My body is in thy power, +but God alone has power over my soul. Thou seekest salvation with the +idols; I hope and trust to receive it from the only true and living God +whom I adore." + +Then the prefect sentenced him to death. St. Blase was beheaded, +suffering death for the Faith February 3, 316. + +LESSON + +ST. BLASE gave us a glorious example of fortitude in the confession of +the Faith. According to the teaching of St. Paul, confession of the +Faith is necessary for our salvation. He says, "For if thou confess with +thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and believe in thy heart that God hath raised +Him up from the dead, thou shalt be saved. For with the heart we believe +unto justice, but with the mouth confession is made unto salvation" +(_Rom._ x. 9, 10). We are, therefore, not permitted to be silent, much +less to agree, when our Faith, and whatever is connected therewith, as +the sacraments, ceremonies, priests, etc., are ridiculed and reviled. +Parents especially must be most careful in speaking of these subjects +before their children and servants, and do so only with due reverence. + +On the contrary, we must confess our Faith, and if necessary, defend it +against all attacks. Often one serious word will suffice to silence a +calumniator of the Faith and cause him to blush. We must confess our +Faith not only in the bosom of our family, but also in public. We must +let our fellow-men know that we are true Catholics, who adhere to our +Faith from conviction, without regard to what others say of us, or how +they judge us, remembering the words of Our Lord, "Every one, therefore, +that shall confess me before men, I will also confess him before my +Father who is in heaven" (_Matt._ x. 32). + +It was remarked above that St. Blase is the patron invoked in throat +troubles. Therefore the Church, on his feast, February 3, gives a +special blessing, at which she prays over those receiving it: "By the +intercession of St. Blase, bishop and martyr, may God deliver thee from +all ills of the throat and from all other ills; in the name of the +Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen." Do not neglect to +receive this blessing, if you have the opportunity. The blessings of the +Church are powerful and effective, for she is God's representative on +earth. Therefore her blessing is God's blessing, and is always +effective, except we ourselves place an obstacle in its way. + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who dost rejoice us through the memory of Thy blessed bishop and +martyr Blase: graciously grant us, that we, who honor his memory, may +experience his protection. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +III + +St. Erasmus, Bishop and Martyr + +LEGEND + +THE pious historians of the early Christian times state, as a rule, only +what the saints did and suffered for the Faith, and how they died. They +deemed the martyrs' glorious combat and their victorious entrance into +heaven more instructive, and therefore more important, than a lengthy +description of their lives. + +Hence we know little of the native place and the youth of St. Erasmus, +except that at the beginning of the fourth century of the Christian era +he was bishop of Antioch in Asia Minor, the city where the name of +"Christian" first came into use. When a long and cruel persecution broke +out under the Emperor Diocletian, St. Erasmus hid himself in the +mountains of the Libanon, and led there, for some years, an austere life +of penance and fasting. Finally he was discovered and dragged before the +judge. + +At first, persuasions and kindness were employed to induce him to deny +the Faith, but when these efforts failed recourse was had to the most +cruel torments. He was scourged, and finally cast into a caldron filled +with boiling oil, sulphur, and pitch. In this seething mass God +preserved him from harm, and by this miracle many spectators were +converted to the Faith. Still more enraged thereat, the judge ordered +the holy bishop to be thrown into prison and kept there in chains till +he died of starvation. But God delivered him, as He had once delivered +St. Peter. One night an angel appeared to him and said: "Erasmus, follow +me! Thou shalt convert a great many." Thus far he had led numbers to the +Faith by suffering, now he was to convert multitudes as a missionary. + +Delivered from prison by the power of God, he went forth into many lands +and preached the Faith. Mighty in word and deed, he wrought many +miracles and converted great numbers of heathens. At length he came to +Italy, where Emperor Maximin persecuted the Christians as fiercely as +did Diocletian in the East. As soon as Maximin heard of Erasmus and the +conversions effected by his preaching and miracles, he ordered the +slaughter of three hundred of the converts. Erasmus himself was most +cruelly tortured, but to no purpose. He remained firm. Then cast into +prison, he was again liberated by an angel. + +At last the hour of deliverance came to this valiant and apostolic +confessor and martyr of Christ. He heard a heavenly voice, saying: +"Erasmus, come now to the heavenly city and rest in the place which God +has prepared for thee with the holy martyrs and prophets. Enjoy now the +fruit of thy labor. By thee I was honored in heaven and on earth." +Erasmus, looking toward heaven, saw a splendid crown, and the apostles +and prophets welcoming him. He bowed his head, saying: "Receive, O Lord, +the soul of thy servant!" and peacefully breathed forth his spirit on +June 2, 308. + +LESSON + +THE tortures which St. Erasmus suffered for the Faith seem almost +incredible, and the events related of him are truly wonderful. Martyrdom +and miracles illustrated the doctrine he preached; he converted +multitudes and gained the crown of heaven. + +Perhaps you say that in our times there are no longer any martyrs, at +least not in civilized countries. Are you quite sure of it? St. +Augustine writes: "Peace also has its martyrs." It is certainly not easy +to suffer torments like the martyrs and to receive finally the +death-dealing blow of the sword. But is it not also a martyrdom to suffer +for years the pains of a lingering illness? Again, how difficult the +combat with the world, the flesh, and the powers of hell! How carefully +must we watch and pray to gain the victory! This is our martyrdom. Let us +imitate the example of the holy martyrs in bearing the trials and +sufferings of life, and we shall receive, as they did, the crown of +heaven. + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who dost give us joy through the memory of Thy holy martyrs, +graciously grant that we may be inflamed by their example, in whose +merits we rejoice. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +IV + +St. Pantaleon, Physician and Martyr + +LEGEND + +ST. PANTALEON was physician to Emperor Maximin and a Christian, but he +fell through a temptation which is sometimes more dangerous than the +most severe trials by the fiercest torments. This temptation was the bad +example of the impious, idolatrous courtiers with whom the young +physician associated. He was seduced by them and abandoned the Faith. +But the grace of God called him, and he obeyed. + +Hermolaus, a zealous priest, by prudent exhortation awakened Pantaleon's +conscience to a sense of his guilt, and brought him back into the fold +of the Church. Henceforth he devoted himself ardently to the advancement +of the spiritual and temporal welfare of his fellow-citizens. First of +all he sought to convert his father, who was still a heathen, and had +the consolation to see him die a Christian. He divided the ample fortune +which he inherited amongst the poor and the sick. As a physician, he was +intent on healing his patients both by physical and by spiritual means. +Christians he confirmed in the practice and confession of the Faith, and +the heathens he sought to convert. Many suffering from incurable +diseases were restored to health by his prayer and the invocation of the +holy name of Jesus. His presence was everywhere fraught with blessings +and consolation. + +St. Pantaleon yearned to prove his fidelity to the Faith by shedding his +blood for it, and the opportunity came to him when his heathen +associates in the healing art denounced him to the emperor as a zealous +propagator of Christianity. He was brought up before the emperor's +tribunal and ordered to sacrifice to the idols. He replied: "The God +whom I adore is Jesus Christ. He created heaven and earth, He raised the +dead to life, made the blind see and healed the sick, all through the +power of His word. Your idols are dead, they can not do anything. Order +a sick person to be brought here, one declared incurable. Your priests +shall invoke their idols for him and I shall call on the only true God, +and we shall see who is able to help him." The proposal was accepted. A +man sick with the palsy was brought, who could neither walk nor stand +without help. The heathen priests prayed for him, but in vain. Then +Pantaleon prayed, took the sick man by the hand, and said: "In the name +of Jesus, the Son of God, I command thee to rise and be well." And the +palsied man rose, restored to perfect health. + +By this miracle a great number of those present were converted. But the +emperor and the idolatrous priests were all the more enraged. Maximin +now attempted to gain Pantaleon by blandishments and promises to deny +the Faith, but without success. Then he had recourse to threats, and as +they too availed nothing, he proceeded to have them put into execution. +The brave confessor of the Faith was tortured in every conceivable +manner. Finally he was nailed to a tree, and then beheaded. The priest +Hermolaus and the brothers Hermippos and Hermocrates suffered death with +him, in the year 308. + +LESSON + +HAPPY are they who, whatever may be their station or calling in life, +are intent on bringing those with whom they come into contact under the +influence of religion. But, alas, too many do just the reverse. They +permit themselves to be led astray by bad example, and set aside the +claims of the Church as too severe and exacting. How do you act in this +regard? Do you shun the company of the wicked? A proverb says: "Tell me +in whose company you are found, and I will tell you who you are." Bad +company insensibly undermines faith and morals, overcomes the fear of +evil and the aversion to it and weakens the will. "He that loveth danger +shall perish in it" (_Ecclus_. iii. 27). + +As soon as St. Pantaleon came to a sense of his apostasy, he repented +and returned to the practice of the Faith. He did this despite the +knowledge that he thereby incurred hatred and persecution. The true +Christian will ever follow the dictates of conscience and please God, +whether he thereby incur the displeasure of men or not. If, to please +men, we become remiss in the service of God, we show that we fear and +love Him less than men. What a lamentable folly! Of whom have we to +expect greater benefits or to fear greater evils--from God or man? Do +not act thus unwisely; rather imitate St. Pantaleon, and live for God +and His service. + +_Prayer of the church_ + +ALMIGHTY God, grant us through the intercession of Thy blessed martyr +Pantaleon to be delivered and preserved from all ills of the body, and +from evil thoughts and influences in spirit. Through Christ our Lord. +Amen. + +[Illustration: Our Lord in the Lap of His Blessed Mother] + + + +V + +St Vitus, Martyr + +LEGEND + +ST. VITUS belonged to a noble pagan family of Sicily, and was born about +the year 291, at Mazurra. His father, Hylas, placed him in early +childhood in charge of a Christian couple named Modestus and Crescentia, +who raised him in the Christian faith, and had him baptized. He grew in +years and in virtue, till, at the age of twelve, he was claimed by his +father, who, to his great anger, found him a fervent Christian. +Convinced, after many unsuccessful attempts, that stripes and other +chastisements would not induce him to renounce the Faith, his father +delivered the brave boy up to Valerian, the governor, who in vain +employed every artifice to shake his constancy. Finally he commanded +Vitus to be scourged, but when two soldiers were about to execute this +order their hands and those of Valerian were suddenly lamed. The +governor ascribed this to sorcery, yet he invoked Vitus' help, and +behold, when the Christian boy made the sign of the cross over the lamed +members, they were healed. Then Valerian sent him back to his father, +telling him to leave no means untried to induce his son to sacrifice to +the idols. + +Hylas now tried blandishments, pleasures, and amusements to influence +the brave boy. He even sent a corrupt woman to tempt him, and for that +purpose locked them both together in one room. But Vitus, who had +remained firm amid tortures, resisted also the allurements of +sensuality. Closing his eyes, he knelt in prayer, and behold, an angel +appeared, filling the room with heavenly splendor, and stood at the +youth's side. Terrified, the woman fled. But even this miracle did not +change the obstinate father. + +Finally Vitus escaped, and with Modestus and Crescentia fled to Italy. +They landed safe in Naples, and there proclaimed Christ wherever they +had an opportunity. Their fervor and many miracles which they wrought +attracted the attention of Emperor Diocletian to them. He ordered them +to be brought before his tribunal, which being done, he at first treated +them kindly, employing blandishments and making promises to induce them +to renounce Christ. When this had no effect, they were cruelly +tormented, but with no other result than confirming them in their +constancy. Enraged, the emperor condemned them to be thrown to the wild +beasts. But the lions and tigers forgot their ferocity and cowered at +their feet. Now Diocletian, whose fury knew no bounds, ordered them to +be cast into a caldron of molten lead and boiling pitch. They prayed, "O +God, deliver us through the power of Thy name!" and behold, they +remained unharmed. Then the emperor condemned them to the rack, on which +they expired, in the year 303. + +LESSON + +THE heroic spirit of martyrdom exhibited by St. Vitus was owing to the +early impressions of piety which he received through the teaching and +example of his virtuous foster-parents. The choice of teachers, nurses, +and servants who have the care of children is of the greatest importance +on account of the influence they exert on them. The pagan Romans were +most solicitous that no slave whose speech was not perfectly elegant and +graceful should have access to children. Shall a Christian be less +careful as to their virtue? It is a fatal mistake to imagine that +children are too young to be infected with the contagion of vice. No age +is more impressionable than childhood; no one observes more closely than +the young, and nothing is so easily acquired by them as a spirit of +vanity, pride, revenge, obstinacy, sloth, etc., and nothing is harder to +overcome. What a happiness for a child to be formed to virtue from +infancy, and to be instilled from a tender age with the spirit of piety, +simplicity, meekness, and mercy! Such a foundation being well laid, the +soul will easily, and sometimes without experiencing severe conflicts, +rise to the height of Christian perfection. + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +WE BESEECH Thee, O Lord, to graciously grant us through the intercession +of Thy blessed martyrs Vitus, Modestus, and Crescentia, that we may not +proudly exalt ourselves, but serve Thee in humility and simplicity, so +as to avoid evil and to do right for Thy sake. Through Christ our Lord. +Amen. + + + +VI + +St. Christophorus, Martyr + +LEGEND + +AN ANCIENT tradition concerning St. Christophorus relates: He was born +in the land of Canaan, and was named Reprobus, that is Reprobate, for he +was a barbarous heathen. In stature and strength he was a giant. +Thinking no one his like in bodily vigor, he resolved to go forth in +search of the mightiest master and serve him. In his wanderings, he met +with a king who was praised as the most valorous man on earth. To him he +offered his services and was accepted. The king was proud of his giant +and kept him near his person. One day a minstrel visited the king's +castle, and among the ballads he sung before the court was one on the +power of Satan. At the mention of this name the king blessed himself, +making the sign of the cross. Reprobus, wondering, asked him why he did +that. The king replied: "When I make this sign, Satan has no power over +me." Reprobus rejoined: "So thou fearest the power of Satan? Then he is +mightier than thou, and I shall seek and serve him." + +Setting forth to seek Satan, he came into a wilderness. One dark night +he met a band of wild fellows riding through the forest. It was Satan +and his escort. Reprobus bravely accosted him, saying he wished to serve +him. He was accepted. But soon he was convinced that his new master was +not the mightiest on earth. For one day, whilst approaching a crucifix +by the wayside, Satan quickly took to flight, and Reprobus asked him for +the reason. Satan replied: "That is the image of my greatest enemy, who +conquered me on the cross. From him I always flee." When Reprobus heard +this, he left the devil, and went in search of Christ. + +In his wanderings, he one day came to a hut hidden in the forest. At its +door sat a venerable old man. Reprobus addressed him, and in the course +of the conversation that ensued the old man told him that he was a +hermit, and had left the world to serve Christ, the Lord of heaven and +earth. "Thou art my man," cried Reprobus; "Christ is He whom I seek, for +He is the strongest and the mightiest. Tell me where I can find Him." + +The hermit then began instructing the giant about God and the Redeemer, +and concluded by saying: "He who would serve Christ must offer himself +entirely to Him, and do and suffer everything for His sake. His reward +for this will be immense and will last forever." Reprobus now asked the +hermit to allow him to remain, and to continue to instruct him. The +hermit consented. When Reprobus was fully instructed, he baptized him. +After his baptism, a great change came over the giant. No longer proud +of his great size and strength, he became meek and humble, and asked the +hermit to assign to him some task by which he might serve God, his +master. "For," said he, "I can not pray and fast; therefore I must serve +God in some other way." The hermit led him to a broad and swift river +nearby, and said: "Here build thyself a hut, and when wanderers wish to +cross the river, carry them over for the love of Christ." For there was +no bridge across the river. + +Henceforth, day and night, whenever he was called, Reprobus faithfully +performed the task assigned to him. One night he heard a child calling +to be carried across the river. Quickly he rose, placed the child on his +stout shoulder, took his staff and walked into the mighty current. +Arrived in midstream, the water rose higher and higher, and the child +became heavier and heavier. "O child," he cried, "how heavy thou art! It +seems I bear the weight of the world on my shoulder." And the child +replied, "Right thou art. Thou bearest not only the world, but the +Creator of heaven and earth. I am Jesus Christ, thy King and Lord, and +henceforth thou shalt be called Christophorus, that is, Christ-bearer. +Arrived on yonder shore, plant thy staff in the ground, and in token of +my power and might tomorrow it shall bear leaves and blossoms." + +And the child disappeared. On reaching the other shore, Christophorus +stuck his staff into the ground, and behold, it budded forth leaves and +blossoms. Then, kneeling, he promised the Lord to serve Him ever +faithfully. He kept his promise, and thenceforth became a zealous +preacher of the Gospel, converting many to the Faith. On his missionary +peregrinations he came also to Lycia, where, after his first sermon, +eighteen thousand heathens requested baptism. When Emperor Decius heard +of this, he sent a company of four hundred soldiers to capture +Christophorus. To these he preached so convincingly, that they all asked +for baptism. Decius became enraged thereat and had him cast into prison. +There he first treated him with great kindness, and surrounded him with +every luxury to tempt him to sin, but in vain. Then he ordered him to be +tortured in the most cruel manner, until he should deny the Faith. He +was scourged, placed on plates of hot iron, boiling oil was poured over +and fire was lighted under him. When all these torments did not +accomplish their purpose, the soldiers were ordered to shoot him with +arrows. This, too, having no effect, he was beheaded, on July 25, 254. + +Two great saints refer to the wonderful achievements of St. +Christophorus. St. Ambrose mentions that this saint converted +forty-eight thousand souls to Christ. St. Vincent Ferrer declares, +that when the plague devastated Valencia, its destructive course +was stayed through the intercession of St. Christophorus. + +LESSON + +THE legend of St. Christophorus conveys a wholesome truth. We ought all +to be Christ-bearers, by preserving in our hearts faith, hope, and +charity, and by receiving Our Lord worthily in holy communion. He alone +is worthy of our service. In the service that we owe to men, we ought to +serve God by doing His will. We can not divide our heart, for Our Lord +Himself says, "No man can serve two masters" (_Matt_. vi. 24). If you +serve the world, it deceives you, for it can not give you what it +promises. If you serve sin, Satan is your master. He, too, deceives his +servants, and leads them to perdition. Christ on the cross conquered +these two tyrants, and with His help you can also vanquish them. +Therefore, give yourself to Him with all your heart, and you shall find +peace in this world, and eternal bliss in the next. St. Augustine +learned this truth by sad experience, and therefore exclaims: "Thou hast +created us for Thee, O Lord, and our heart is restless till it rests in +Thee." + +_Prayer of the church_ + +GRANT us, almighty God, that whilst we celebrate the memory of Thy +blessed martyr St. Christophorus, through his intercession the love of +Thy name may be increased in us. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +VII + +St. Dionysius, Bishop and Martyr + +LEGEND + +WHEN St. Paul the Apostle, in the year of Our Lord 51, came to Athens to +preach the Gospel, he was summoned to the Areopagus, the great council +which determined all religious matters. Among the members of this +illustrious assembly was Dionysius. His mind had already been prepared +to receive the good tidings of the Gospel by the miraculous darkness +which overspread the earth at the moment of Our Lord's death on the +cross. He was at that time at Heliopolis, in Egypt. On beholding the sun +obscured in the midst of its course, and this without apparent cause, he +is said to have exclaimed: "Either the God of nature is suffering, or +the world is about to be dissolved." When St. Paul preached before the +Areopagus in Athens, Dionysius easily recognized the truth and readily +embraced it. + +The Apostle received him among his disciples, and appointed him bishop +of the infant Church of Athens. As such he devoted himself with great +zeal to the propagation of the Gospel. He made a journey to Jerusalem to +visit the places hallowed by the footsteps and sufferings of our +Redeemer, and there met the Apostles St. Peter and St. James, the +evangelist St. Luke, and other holy apostolic men. He also had the +happiness to see and converse with the Blessed Virgin Mary, and was so +overwhelmed by her presence that he declared, that if he knew not Jesus +to be God, he would consider her divine. + +The idolatrous priests of Athens were greatly alarmed at the many +conversions resulting from the eloquent preaching of Dionysius, and +instigated a revolt against him. The holy bishop left Athens, and, going +to Rome, visited the Pope, St. Clement. He sent him with some other holy +men to Gaul. Some of his companions remained to evangelize the cities in +the south, while Dionysius, with the priest Rusticus and the deacon +Eleutherius continued their journey northward as far as Lutetia, the +modern Paris, where the Gospel had not yet been announced. Here for many +years he and his companions labored with signal success, and finally +obtained the crown of martyrdom on Oct. 9, 119. Dionysius was beheaded +at the advanced age of 110 years. + +The spot where the three martyrs Dionysius, Rusticus, and Eleutherius +suffered martyrdom, is the well-known hill of Montmartre. An ancient +tradition relates that St. Dionysius, after his head was severed from +his body, took it up with his own hands and carried it two thousand +paces to the place where, later, a church was built in his honor. The +bodies of the martyrs were thrown into the river Seine, but taken up and +honorably interred by a Christian lady named Catulla not far from the +place where they had been beheaded. The Christians soon built a chapel +on their tomb. + +St. Dionysius was not only a great missionary and bishop, but also one +of the most illustrious writers of the early Church. Some of his works, +which are full of Catholic doctrine and Christian wisdom, are still +extant, and well worthy of a convert and disciple of St. Paul, whose +spirit they breathe. + +LESSON + +THE apostolic men like St. Dionysius, who converted so many to Christ, +were filled with His spirit, and acted and lived for Him alone. They +gave their lives to spread His religion, convinced that the welfare of +individuals and nations depends upon it. + +On religion depends the security and stability of all government and of +society. Human laws are too weak to restrain those who disregard and +despise the law of God. Unless a man's conscience is enlightened by +religion and bound by its precepts, his passions will so far enslave +him, that the impulse of evil inclinations will prompt him to every +villainy of which he hopes to derive an advantage, if he can but +accomplish his purpose secretly and with impunity. + +True religion, on the contrary, insures comfort, peace, and happiness +amid the sharpest trials, safety in death itself, and after death the +most glorious and eternal reward in God. How grateful, therefore, must +we be to the men who preached the true religion amid so many +difficulties, trials, and persecutions; and also to those who preach it +now, animated by the same spirit. And how carefully should we avoid all +persons, books, and periodicals that revile and calumniate our holy +Faith, and attempt its subversion! + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who didst confer on Thy blessed servant Dionysius the virtue of +fortitude in suffering, and didst join with him Rusticus and +Eleutherius, to announce Thy glory to the heathens, grant, we beseech +Thee, that following them, we may despise, for the love of Thee, the +pleasures of this world, and that we do not recoil from its adversities. +Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +VIII + +St. Cyriacus, Deacon and Martyr + +LEGEND + +EMPEROR MAXIMIN in token of his gratitude to Diocletian, who had ceded +the western half of his empire to him, ordered the building of that +magnificent structure in Rome, whose ruins are still known as the "Baths +of Diocletian." The Christians imprisoned for the Faith were compelled +to labor under cruel overseers at this building. A zealous Christian +Roman, touched with pity at this moving spectacle, resolved to employ +his means in improving the condition of these poor victims of +persecution. + +Among the deacons of the Roman Church at that time was one by the name +of Cyriacus, who was distinguished by his zeal in the performance of all +good works. Him, with two companions, Largus and Smaragdus, the pious +Roman selected for the execution of his plan. Cyriacus devoted himself +to the work with great ardor. One day, whilst visiting the laborers to +distribute food amongst them, he observed a decrepit old man, who was so +feeble that he was unable to perform his severe task. Filled with pity, +Cyriacus offered to take his place. The aged prisoner consenting, the +merciful deacon thenceforth worked hard at the building. But after some +time he was discovered, and cast into prison. There he again found +opportunity to exercise his zeal. Some blind men who had great +confidence in the power of his prayer, came to ask him for help in their +affliction, and he restored their sight. He and his companions spent +three years in prison, and during that time he healed many sick and +converted a great number of heathens from the darkness of paganism. + +Then Emperor Diocletian's little daughter became possessed by an evil +spirit, and no one was able to deliver her from it. To the idolatrous +priests who were called, the evil spirit declared that he would leave +the girl only when commanded to do so by Cyriacus, the deacon. He was +hastily summoned, and prayed and made the sign of the cross over the +girl, and the evil spirit departed. The emperor loved his daughter, +therefore he was grateful to the holy deacon, and presented him with a +house, where he and his companions might serve their God unmolested by +their enemies. + +About this time the daughter of the Persian King Sapor was attacked by a +similar malady, and when he heard what Cyriacus had done for +Diocletian's daughter, he wrote to the emperor, asking him to send the +Christian deacon. It was done, and Cyriacus, on foot, set out for +Persia. Arrived at his destination, he prayed over the girl and the evil +spirit left her. On hearing of this miracle, four hundred and twenty +heathens were converted to the Faith. These the saint instructed and +baptized, and then set out on his homeward journey. + +Returned to Rome, he continued his life of prayer and good works. But +when Diocletian soon afterward left for the East, his co-emperor Maximin +seized the opportunity to give vent to his hatred for the Christians, +and renewed their persecution. One of the first victims was Cyriacus. He +was loaded with chains and brought before the judge, who first tried +blandishments and promises to induce him to renounce Christ and to +sacrifice to the idols, but in vain. Then the confessor of Christ was +stretched on the rack, his limbs torn from their sockets, and he was +beaten with clubs. His companions shared the same tortures. Finally, +when the emperor and the judge were convinced that nothing would shake +the constancy of the holy martyrs, they were beheaded. They gained the +crown of glory on March 16, 303. + +LESSON + +IN THE life of St. Cyriacus two virtues shine forth in a special manner; +his love of God and his charity toward his fellow-men. His love of God +impelled him to sacrifice all, even his life, for His sake, thereby +fulfilling the commandment: "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with thy +whole heart, and with thy whole soul, and with thy whole mind" (_Matt_. +xxii. 37). A greater love of God no man can have than giving his life +for Him. + +St. Cyriacus also fulfilled the other commandment, of which Our Lord +declared, "And the second is like to this: Thou shalt love thy neighbor +as thyself" (_Matt_. xxii. 39). He helped his fellow-Christians to bear +their burdens, relieved them in their sufferings, assisted and +encouraged them by word and deed, and edified them by his example. His +sole aim was to do good to all men, mindful of the words of the Royal +Prophet: "Blessed is he that understandeth concerning the needy and the +poor" (_Ps_. xl. 2). He was so imbued with the virtue of charity, that +he was disposed even to sacrifice his life for the relief and assistance +of others. + +[Illustration: The Holy Women at the Tomb.] + +How shall we justify our unfeeling hardness of heart, by which we seek +every trifling pretense to exempt us from the duty of aiding the +unfortunate? Remember the threat of the apostle, "Judgment without mercy +to him that hath not done mercy" (_James_ ii. 13). + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who rejoicest us by the remembrance of Thy blessed martyrs +Cyriacus, Largus, and Smaragdus; grant, we beseech Thee, that we, by +celebrating their memory, may imitate their fortitude in suffering. +Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +IX + +St. Achatius, Martyr + +LEGEND + +OF THE saints named Achatius, that one is reckoned among the Holy +Helpers who, as a Roman soldier, died for Christ. + +Achatius was a native of Cappadocia and as a youth joined the Roman army +during the reign of Emperor Hadrian, attaining the rank of captain. One +day, when leading his company against the enemy, he heard a voice saying +to him, "Call on the God of Christians!" He obeyed, was instructed, and +received Baptism. Filled with zeal, he henceforth sought to convert also +the pagan soldiers of the army. When the emperor heard of this, Achatius +was thrown into prison, then placed on the rack, bound to a post and +scourged, because he refused to offer sacrifice to the idols. When all +these tortures availed nothing, he was brought before the tribune +Bibianus. + +Asked by him what was his name and country, Achatius replied, "My name +is Christian, because I am a follower of Christ; men call me Achatius. +My country is Cappadocia. There my parents lived; there I was converted +to the Christian faith, and was so inspired by the combats and +sufferings of the Christian martyrs that I am resolved to shed my blood +for Christ to attain heaven." Then Bibianus ordered him to be beaten +with leaden clubs, after which he was loaded with chains and returned to +the prison. + +After Achatius had been in prison seven days, Bibianus was called to +Byzantium, and ordered all prisoners to be transported there. On the +journey Achatius suffered greatly, for his entire body was covered with +wounds, his chains were galling, the guards were cruel and the roads +were bad. He thought himself dying. Praying to God, a voice from the +clouds answered him, "Achatius, be firm!" The soldiers of the guard were +terrified and asked each other, "What is this? How can the clouds have a +voice?" Many prisoners were converted. Next day some of the converts saw +a number of men in shining armor speaking to Achatius, washing his +wounds and healing them, so that not even a scar remained. + +Arrived in Byzantium the saint was again cast into prison, and after +seven days dragged before the judge. When neither promises nor the most +cruel torments shook the constancy of the brave confessor of the Faith, +the judge sent him to Flaccius, the proconsul of Thracia, who imprisoned +him for five days, and meanwhile read the records of his former trials. +Then he ordered him to be beheaded. Achatius suffered death for Christ +on May 8, 311. + +LESSON + +ACHATIUS manfully and without fear confessed the Faith amid persecutions +and sufferings. We, too, are often placed in circumstances where the +profession of our Faith and the practice of the virtues inculcated by it +cause us trials. But so deplorable are the effects of sensuality, +avarice, and ambition, and such is the laxity and spiritual callousness +of many Christians, that there is real cause for every one to be filled +with alarm for the safety of his soul. It is not the crowd we are to +follow, but the precepts of the Gospel. Therefore we ought to strive to +give a good example by our faithful compliance with the demands of +religion. For Our Lord Himself exhorts us: "So let your light shine +before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father, +who is in heaven" (_Matt._ v. 16). + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who dost give us joy through the remembrance of Thy blessed +martyrs, Achatius and his companions; grant, we beseech Thee, that we +may be inflamed by the example of those for whose merits we rejoice. +Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +X + +St. Eustachius, Martyr + +LEGEND + +AT THE beginning of the second century, during the reign of Emperor +Trajan, there lived in Rome a famous general by the name of Placidus, +who was distinguished among his fellow-citizens for his wealth and +military prowess. It happened one day, that while following the chase he +became separated from his companions, and was pursuing with eagerness a +stag of extraordinary size, when suddenly it turned toward him, and he +beheld raised aloft between its antlers the image of Jesus Christ +suspended on the cross. At the same time our blessed Saviour addressed +him in loving words, inviting him henceforth to follow Him by embracing +the Christian faith, and to make eternal life in future the object of +his pursuit. + +Faithful to the grace which he had received, Placidus on his return home +communicated the heavenly vision to his wife Tatiana, who informed him +that she too had been favored with a heavenly apparition. Together they +went immediately to the Pope, related their experience, and after due +instruction received Baptism. + +At the sacred font Placidus received the name of Eustachius, and his +wife was called Theopista, while his sons were baptized by the names of +Agapitus and Theopistus. + +Upon returning to the spot where he first received the call, Eustachius +was favored with another communication from Our Lord, announcing to him +that he was destined to endure many and great afflictions for the sake +of Christ. It was not long before his faith and patience were put to a +severe trial. Stripped of all his possessions and forced to flee from +the fury of the persecution, he was reduced to extreme distress, and in +the course of his wanderings was by a series of calamitous events +separated from his wife and children, of whom he lost all trace. For +many years he dwelt in a remote spot, following the occupation of a farm +laborer, until he was found by the messengers of the emperor, who was +sadly in need of the skill of his former general, because a fierce war +had broken out, in which the Romans sustained severe losses. + +Being again invested with the command of the imperial troops, Eustachius +set out for the seat of war, and achieved a decisive victory. In the +course of his march he had the happiness, by a singular providence of +God, to recover his wife and children, with whom he returned to Rome. +His entrance into the city was attended with great rejoicings, and many +were the congratulations which he received on his extraordinary good +fortune. But soon afterward a solemn sacrifice of thanksgiving to the +pagan deities was proclaimed, in which he was ordered by the emperor to +take a part. Upon his refusal, after every effort had been made to shake +his constancy, he was condemned to be exposed to the lions in the public +amphitheater along with his wife and children. Finally, as the savage +animals, laying aside their natural ferocity, refused to injure the +confessors of Christ, Eustachius and his family were by order of the +emperor enclosed in the body of an immense brazen bull, which was heated +by means of a great fire enkindled beneath. The last moments of these +heroic martyrs was spent in chanting the divine praises, in the midst of +which their happy souls passed to the enjoyment of everlasting bliss. +Their bodies, miraculously preserved uninjured, were buried with great +devotion by the faithful Christians, and were afterward transferred to a +magnificent church erected in their honor. + +LESSON + +HOW inspiring, to see a great man preferring justice, truth, and +religion to the favor of the mighty, readily quitting estate, friends, +country, and even sacrificing life, rather than consent to do violence +to his conscience; and to see him, at the same time, meek, humble, +patient in suffering, forgiving sincerely and loving his unjust and +treacherous persecutors! Passion and revenge often beget anger and +triumph over virtue and integrity. Ambition and the desire of wealth +may, for a time, urge men on to brave danger, but finally they reduce +them to the most abject slavery, and result in grievous crimes and +misery. Religion alone is the source of charity, magnanimity, and true +courage. It so enlightens the mind, as to place a man above the +vicissitudes of the world; it renders him steadfast and calm in +adversity, preserves him from error, teaches him to bear injustice and +calumny in a tranquil spirit, and gives him that ineffable peace and joy +which springs from the conviction that God's will is always most just +and holy and that He protects, aids, and rewards His servants. + +Does religion exert this powerful influence on us? Do we show it in our +actions and conduct? Our courage and constancy must be apparent not only +when we encounter danger and opposition, but also when our evil +propensity urges us to yield to temptations that present sin to us in +the guise of pleasure. + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who dost permit us to celebrate the remembrance of Thy blessed +martyrs, Eustachius and companions, grant us, that we may enjoy their +company in eternal bliss. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +XI + +St. Giles, Hermit and Abbot + +LEGEND + +ATHENS, in Greece, was the native city of St. Giles. He was of noble +parentage, and devoted himself from early youth to piety and learning. +After the death of his parents he distributed his rich inheritance to +the poor, and to escape the applause of men for his charity left his +country to bury himself in obscurity. + +He sailed for France, and on his arrival there retired to a deserted +country near the mouth of the river Rhone. Later he made his abode near +the river Gard, and finally buried himself in a forest in the diocese of +Nimes. In this solitude he passed many years, living on wild herbs and +roots, with water for his drink. It is related that for some time a hind +came daily to be milked by him, thus furnishing him additional +sustenance. Here he lived, disengaged from earthly cares, conversing +only with God, and engaged in the contemplation of heavenly things. + +One day the king instituted a great hunt in the forest where Giles +lived, and encountered the hind. Giving chase, the royal hunter was led +to the saint's hut, where the panting animal had sought refuge. The king +inquired who he was, and was greatly edified at the holiness of his +life. The fame of the saintly hermit now spread far and wide, and was +much increased by the many miracles wrought through his intercession. +The king tried to persuade him to leave his solitude, but prevailed upon +him only in so far, that Giles accepted several disciples and founded a +monastery in which the rule of St. Benedict was observed, and of which +he was chosen the abbot. He governed his community wisely and well, and +at the earnest solicitation of his monks was ordained priest. + +The fame of St. Giles' sanctity induced the Frankish King, Charles +Martel to call him to his court to relieve him of a great trouble of +conscience. The saint made the journey, and told the king that he would +find relief and comfort only by the sincere confession of a sin which he +had hitherto concealed. The king followed his advice, found interior +peace and dismissed Giles with many tokens of gratitude. On his homeward +journey the saint raised the recently deceased son of a nobleman to +life. + +After a short stay in his monastery St. Giles went to Rome, to obtain +from the Pope the confirmation of some privileges and the apostolic +blessing for his community. The Pope granted his wishes, and presented +him, besides, with two grand and beautifully carved doors of cedar wood +for his church. + +St. Giles died at a ripe old age on September 1, 725. Many miracles were +wrought at his tomb. + +LESSON + +ST. GILES left his native country and retired into solitude to escape +the notice and applause of the world, and served God as a recluse. To +lead such a life, there must be a special call from God. It is not +suited to all, and even inconsistent with the duties of most men. But +all are capable of disengaging their affections from the inordinate +attachment to creatures, and of attaining to a pure and holy love of +God. By making the service of God the motive of their thoughts and +actions, they will sanctify their whole life. + +In whatever conditions of life we may be placed, we have opportunities +of subduing our evil inclinations and mortifying ourselves by frequent +self-denials, of watching over our hearts and purifying our senses by +recollection and prayer. Thus each one, in his station of life, may +become a saint, by making his calling an exercise of virtue and his +every act a step higher to perfection and eternal glory. + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O LORD, we beseech Thee to let us find grace through the intercession of +thy blessed confessor Giles; that what we can not obtain through our +merits be given us through his intercession. Through Christ our Lord +Amen. + + + +XII + +St. Margaret, Virgin and Martyr + +LEGEND + +ST. MARGARET was the daughter of a pagan priest at Antioch. She lost her +mother in infancy and was placed in the care of a nurse in the country, +who was a Christian, and whose first care was to have her little charge +baptized and to give the child a Christian education. Margaret grew up a +modest, pious virgin, and when she returned to her father he was charmed +with the grace and virtue of his daughter. He regretted only one thing; +she took no part in the worship of the idols. When she told him the +reason he was greatly displeased, for she stated that she was a +Christian, and that nothing should separate her from the love of Christ. + +Her father tried every means to change her mind, and when all his +endeavors failed became enraged and drove her forth from his house. +Margaret returned to her nurse and became her servant, doing all kinds +of menial work, and at the same time perfecting herself in virtue. + +About this time Emperor Diocletian began to persecute the Christians. +One day Alybrius, the prefect of the city, saw Margaret, and fell in +love with her. He sent a messenger to ask her in marriage. The pious +virgin was filled with consternation at the proposal and replied to the +messenger: "I can not be espoused to your master, because I am the +spouse of Our Lord Jesus Christ. I am promised to Him, and to Him I wish +to belong." When the prefect heard this, he became furious with rage, +and gave orders to have the virgin brought to him by force. When she +appeared before him he thus addressed her: "What is your name and +condition?" She replied: "I am called Margaret, and belong to a noble +family. I adore Christ and serve Him." The prefect now advised her to +abandon the worship of a crucified God. Margaret asked him, "How do you +know that we worship a crucified God?" The prefect replied: "From the +books of the Christians." Margaret continued: "Why did you not read +further on? The books of the Christians would have told you that the +Crucified rose on the third day, and that He ascended into heaven. Is it +love of truth to believe in the abasement of Christ and to reject His +glorification, when both are related in the selfsame book?" + +At this reproof the prefect became angry and ordered the tender virgin +to be cruelly scourged, placed on the rack, and torn with iron combs. +Then she was cast into prison. There Margaret fervently thanked God for +the victory she had achieved and implored His help for the combat yet in +store for her. Suddenly there appeared to her the arch-enemy of mankind +in the shape of a furious dragon, threatening to swallow her. The brave +virgin feared him not, but made the sign of the cross, and the monster +vanished. Then her desolate prison cell became suffused with heavenly +light, and her heart was filled with divine consolation. At the same +time her terrible wounds were suddenly healed, and not the least scar +was left. + +Next day Margaret was again brought before the prefect. Surprised at her +complete recovery from the effects of his cruelty, he remarked that no +doubt it was due to the power of the pagan gods, and exhorted her to +show her gratitude to them by sacrificing to the idols. Margaret +maintained that she had been healed by the power of Christ alone and +declared that she despised the heathen gods. At this, the rage of +Alybrius knew no bounds. He ordered lighted torches to be applied to +Margaret's body, and then had her cast into icy water to intensify her +torture. But scarcely had this been done when a violent earthquake +occurred. Her bonds were severed and she rose unscathed from the water, +without a mark of the burns caused by the flaming torches. On witnessing +this miracle, a great number of spectators were converted to the Faith. + +Finally the prefect ordered Margaret to be beheaded. Her glorious +martyrdom and death occurred about the year 275. + +LESSON + +THE history of the virgin martyr St. Margaret teaches us that we can and +ought to serve God even in youth. In the Old Law God commanded all the +first-born and the first-fruits to be offered to Him. "Thou shalt not +delay to pay thy tithes and first-fruits. Thou shalt give the first-born +of thy sons to Me" (_Ex._ xxii. 29). + +Certainly our whole life ought to be dedicated to the service of God; +but from the above command we are to understand that God especially +desires our service during the early years of our life. They are our +first-fruits. St. Augustine calls the years of youth the blossoms, the +most beautiful flowers of life, and St. Thomas Aquinas writes: "What the +young give to God in their early years, they give of the bloom, of the +full vigor and beauty of life." + +Youth is the age beset with countless temptations. Safety is found only +in the service of God, by obedience, humility, and docility. This is not +so difficult as it appears, and Our Lord Himself invites you to His +service, saying: "My son, give Me thy heart" (_Prov._ xxiii. 26), and, +"Taste and see that the Lord is sweet" (_Ps._ xxxiii. 9). + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +WE BESEECH Thee, O Lord, grant us Thy favor through the intercession of +Thy blessed virgin and martyr Margaret, who pleased Thee by the merit of +her purity and by the confession of Thy might. Through Christ our Lord. +Amen. + + + +XIII + +St Catherine, Virgin and Martyr + +LEGEND + +ST. CATHERINE was a native of Alexandria, Egypt, a city then famous for +its schools of philosophy. She was a daughter of Costis, half-brother of +Constantine, and of Sabinella, queen of Egypt. Her wisdom and +acquirements were remarkable, the philosophy of Plato being her favorite +study. While Catherine was yet young her father died, leaving her +heiress to the kingdom. Her love of study and retirement displeased her +subjects, who desired her to marry, asserting that her gifts of noble +birth, wealth, beauty, and knowledge should be transmitted to her +children. + +The princess replied that the husband whom she would wed must be even +more richly endowed than herself. His blood must be the noblest, his +rank must surpass her own, his beauty without comparison, his benignity +great enough to forgive all offences. The people of Alexandria were +disheartened, for they knew of no such prince; but Catherine remained +persistent in her determination to wed none other. + +Now, it happened that a certain hermit who lived near Alexandria had a +vision in which he saw the Blessed Virgin, who sent him to tell +Catherine that her divine Son was the Spouse whom she desired. He alone +possessed all, and more, than the requirements she demanded. The holy +man gave Catherine a picture of Jesus and Mary; and when the princess +had gazed upon the face of Christ she loved Him so that she could think +of naught else, and the studies in which she had been wont to take +delight became distasteful to her. + +[Illustration: The Descent of the Holy Ghost on the Blessed Virgin and +the Apostles.] + +One night Catherine dreamed that she accompanied the hermit to a +sanctuary, whence angels came to meet her. She fell on her face before +them, but one of the angelic band bade her, "Rise dear sister Catherine, +for the King of glory delighteth to honor thee." She rose and followed +the angels to the presence of the queen of heaven, who was surrounded by +angels and saints and was beautiful beyond description. The queen +welcomed her and led her to her divine Son, Our Lord. But He turned from +her, saying: "She is not fair and beautiful enough for me." + +Catherine awoke at these words and wept bitterly until morning. She then +sent for the hermit and inquired what would make her worthy of the +heavenly Bridegroom. The saintly recluse instructed her in the true +Faith and, with her mother, she was baptized. That night, in a dream, +the Blessed Virgin and her divine Son again appeared to her. Mary +presented her to Jesus, saying: "Behold, she has been regenerated in the +water of Baptism." Then Christ smiled on her and plighted His troth to +her by putting a ring on her finger. When she awoke the ring was still +there, and thenceforth Catherine despised all earthly things and longed +only for the hour when she should go to her heavenly Bridegroom. + +After the death of Sabinella, Emperor Maximin came to Alexandria and +declared a persecution against the Christians. Catherine appeared in the +temple and held an argument with the tyrant, utterly confounding him. +The emperor ordained that fifty of the most learned men of the empire be +brought to dispute with her; but, sustained by the power of God, +Catherine not only vanquished them in argument, but converted them to +the true Faith. In his fury Maximin commanded that the new Christians be +burned; and Catherine comforted them, since they could not be baptized, +by telling them that their blood should be their baptism and the flames +their crown of glory. + +The emperor then tried other means to overcome the virtue of the noble +princess; but, failing to do this, he ordered her to be cast into a +dungeon and starved to death. Twelve days later, when the dungeon was +opened, a bright light and fragrant perfume filled it, and Catherine, +who had been nourished by angels, came forth radiant and beautiful. On +seeing this miracle, the empress and many noble Alexandrians declared +themselves Christians, and suffered death at the command of the emperor. + +Catherine was not spared, for Maximin made a further attempt to win her. +He offered to make her mistress of the world if she would but listen to +him, and when she still spurned his proposals, he ordered her to the +torture. She was bound to four spiked wheels which revolved in different +directions, that she might be torn into many pieces. But an angel +consumed the wheels by fire, and the fragments flying around killed the +executioners and many of the spectators. The tyrant then ordered her to +be scourged and beheaded. The sentence was carried into effect on +November 25, 307. + +A pious legend, recognized by the Church, says that angels bore +Catherine's body to Mount Sinai, and buried it there. + +LESSON + +ST. CATHERINE, for her erudition and the spirit of piety by which she +sanctified it, was chosen the model and patroness of Christian +philosophers. + +Learning, next to virtue, is the noblest quality and ornament of the +human mind. Profane science teaches many useful truths, but when +compared with the importance of the study of the science of the saints, +they are of value only inasmuch as when made subservient to the latter. +The study of the saints was to live in the spirit of Christ. This +science is taught by the Church, and acquired by listening to her +instructions, by pious reading and meditation. + +Be intent on learning this science, and order your life according to its +rules. It is the "one thing necessary," for it is the foundation of all +wisdom and true happiness. "The fear of the Lord is the beginning of +wisdom" (_Ps._ cx. 10). + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who didst give the law to Moses on the summit of Mount Sinai, and +by the holy angels didst miraculously transfer there the body of blessed +Catherine, virgin and martyr; grant us, we beseech Thee, to come, +through her intercession, to the mountain which is Christ. Through the +same Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +XIV + +St. Barbara, Virgin and Martyr + +LEGEND + +NICOMEDIA, a city in Asia Minor, was St. Barbara's birthplace. Her +father Dioscurus was a pagan. Fearing that his only child might learn to +know and love the doctrines of Christianity, he shut her up in a tower, +apart from all intercourse with others. Nevertheless Barbara became a +Christian. She passed her time in study, and from her lonely tower she +used to watch the heavens in their wondrous beauty. She soon became +convinced that the "heavens were telling the glory of God," a God +greater than the idols she had been taught to worship. Her desire to +know that God was in itself a prayer which He answered in His own wise +way. + +The fame of Origen, that famous Christian teacher in Alexandria, reached +even the remote tower, and Barbara sent a trusty servant with the +request that he would make known to her the truth. Origen sent her one +of his disciples, disguised as a physician, who instructed and baptized +her. She practised her new religion discreetly while waiting for a +favorable opportunity of acquainting her father with her conversion. + +This opportunity came in a short time. Some workmen were sent by +Dioscurus to make another room in the tower, and when they had made two +windows she directed them to make a third. When her father saw this +additional window, he asked the reason for it. She replied, "Know, my +father, that the soul receives light through three windows, the Father, +the Son, and the Holy Ghost, and the three are one." The father became +so angry at this discovery of her having become a Christian, that he +would have killed his daughter with his sword, had she not fled to the +top of the tower. He followed her, and finally had her in his power. +First he wreaked his vengeance on her in blows, then clutching her by +the hair he dragged her away and thrust her into a hut to prevent her +escape. Next he tried every means to induce her to renounce her faith; +threats, severe punishments, and starvation had no effect on the +constancy of the Christian maiden. + +Finding himself powerless to shake his daughter's constancy, Dioscurus +delivered her to the proconsul Marcian, who had her scourged and +tortured, but without causing her to deny the Faith. During her +sufferings, her father stood by, exulting in the torments of his child. +Next night, after she had been taken back to prison, Our Lord appeared +to her and healed her wounds. When Barbara appeared again before him, +Marcian was greatly astonished to find no trace of the cruelties that +had been perpetrated on her body. Again she resisted his importunities +to deny the Faith, and when he saw that all his efforts were in vain, he +pronounced the sentence of death. Barbara was to be beheaded. Her +unnatural father claimed the privilege to execute it with his own hands, +and with one blow severed his daughter's head from her body, on December +4, 237. + +At the moment of the saint's death a great tempest arose and Dioscurus +was killed by lightning. Marcian, too, was overtaken by the same fate. + +LESSON + +SINCE early times St. Barbara is invoked as the patroness against +lightning and explosions, and is called upon by those who desire the +sacraments of the dying in their last illness, and many are the +instances of the efficacy of her intercession. + +We all wish for a happy and blessed death. To attain it, we must make +the preparation for it the great object of our life; we must learn to +die to the world and to ourselves, and strive after perfection in +virtue. There is no greater comfort in adversity, no more powerful +incentive to withdrawing our affections from this world, than to +remember the blessing of a happy death. Well prepared, death may strike +us in any form whatsoever, and however suddenly, it will find us ready. + +We can be guilty of no greater folly than to delay our preparation for +death, repentance, the reception of the sacraments, and the amendment of +our life, from day to day, from the time of health to the time of +illness, and in illness to the very last moments, thinking that even +then we can obtain pardon. St. Augustine observes: "It is very dangerous +to postpone the performance of a duty on which our whole eternity +depends to the most inconvenient time, the last hour." And St. Bernard +remarks: "In Holy Scripture we find one single instance of one who +received pardon at the last moment. He was the thief crucified with +Jesus. He is alone, that you despair not; he is alone, also, that you +sin not by presumption on God's mercy." If you, therefore, wish for a +happy death, prepare for it in time. + +_Prayer of the Church_ + +O GOD, who among the wonders of Thy might didst grant the victory of +martyrdom also to the weaker sex, graciously grant us that we, by +recalling the memory of Thy blessed virgin and martyr Barbara, through +her example may be led to Thee. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + + +PART IV + +I + +Novenas to the Holy Helpers + +II + +Prayers and Petitions + + +"In every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your +petitions be made known to God" (_Philipp._ iv. 6). + +"God is wonderful in His saints. The God of Israel is He who will give +power and strength to His people; blessed be God" (_Ps._ lxvii. 36). + + + +Novena to Each of the Holy Helpers + +PREPARATORY PRAYER + +_For Each of the Following Novenas_ + +ALMIGHTY and eternal God! With lively faith and reverently worshiping +Thy divine Majesty, I prostrate myself before Thee and invoke with +filial trust Thy supreme bounty and mercy. Illumine the darkness of my +intellect with a ray of Thy heavenly light and inflame my heart with the +fire of Thy divine love, that I may contemplate the great virtues and +merits of the saint in whose honor I make this novena, and following his +example imitate, like him, the life of Thy divine Son. + +Moreover, I beseech Thee to grant graciously, through the merits and +intercession of this powerful Helper, the petition which through him I +humbly place before Thee, devoutly saying, "Thy will be done on earth as +it is in heaven." Vouchsafe graciously to hear it, if it redounds to Thy +greater glory and to the salvation of my soul. Amen. + +I + +Novena in Honor of St. George + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. GEORGE + +O GOD, who didst grant to St. George strength and constancy in the +various torments which he sustained for our holy faith; we beseech Thee +to preserve, through his intercession, our faith from wavering and +doubt, so that we may serve Thee with a sincere heart faithfully unto +death. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. GEORGE + +FAITHFUL servant of God and invincible martyr, St. George; favored by +God with the gift of faith, and inflamed with an ardent love of Christ, +thou didst fight valiantly against the dragon of pride, falsehood, and +deceit. Neither pain nor torture, sword nor death could part thee from +the love of Christ. I fervently implore thee for the sake of this love +to help me by thy intercession to overcome the temptations that surround +me, and to bear bravely the trials that oppress me, so that I may +patiently carry the cross which is placed upon me; and let neither +distress nor difficulties separate me from the love of Our Lord Jesus +Christ. Valiant champion of the Faith, assist me in the combat against +evil, that I may win the crown promised to them that persevere unto the +end. + +_Prayer_ + +MY LORD and my God! I offer up to Thee my petition in union with the +bitter passion and death of Jesus Christ, Thy Son, together with the +merits of His immaculate and blessed Mother, Mary ever virgin, and of +all the saints, particularly with those of the holy Helper in whose +honor I make this novena. + +Look down upon me, merciful Lord! Grant me Thy grace and Thy love, and +graciously hear my prayer. Amen. + + + +II + +Novena in Honor of St. Blase + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. BLASE + +O GOD, deliver us through the intercession of Thy holy bishop and martyr +Blase, from all evil of soul and body, especially from all ills of the +throat; and grant us the grace to make a good confession in the +confident hope of obtaining Thy pardon, and ever to praise with worthy +lips Thy most holy name. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. BLASE + +ST. BLASE, gracious benefactor of mankind and faithful servant of God, +who for the love of our Saviour didst suffer so many tortures with +patience and resignation; I invoke thy powerful intercession. Preserve +me from all evils of soul and body. Because of thy great merits God +endowed thee with the special grace to help those that suffer from ills +of the throat; relieve and preserve me from them, so that I may always +be able to fulfil my duties, and with the aid of God's grace perform +good works. I invoke thy help as special physician of souls, that I may +confess my sins sincerely in the holy sacrament of Penance and obtain +their forgiveness. I recommend to thy merciful intercession also those +who unfortunately concealed a sin in confession. Obtain for them the +grace to accuse themselves sincerely and contritely of the sin they +concealed, of the sacrilegious confessions and communions they made, and +of all the sins they committed since then, so that they may receive +pardon, the grace of God, and the remission of the eternal punishment. +Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +III + +Novena in Honor of St Erasmus + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. ERASMUS + +O GOD, grant us through the intercession of Thy dauntless bishop and +martyr Erasmus, who so valiantly confessed the Faith, that we may learn +the doctrine of this faith, practise its precepts, and thereby be made +worthy to attain its promises. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. ERASMUS + +HOLY martyr Erasmus, who didst willingly and bravely bear the trials and +sufferings of life, and by thy charity didst console many +fellow-sufferers; I implore thee to remember me in my needs and to +intercede for me with God. Staunch confessor of the Faith, victorious +vanquisher of all tortures, pray to Jesus for me and ask Him to grant me +the grace to live and die in the Faith through which thou didst obtain +the crown of glory. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +IV + +Novena to St. Pantaleon + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. PANTALEON + +O GOD, who didst give to St. Pantaleon the grace of exercising charity +toward his fellow-men by distributing his goods to the poor, and hast +made him a special patron of the sick, grant, that we, too, show our +charity by works of mercy; and through the intercession of this Thy +servant preserve us from sickness. But if it be Thy will that illness +should afflict us, give us the grace to bear it patiently, and let it +promote our soul's salvation. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. PANTALEON + +ST. PANTALEON, who during life didst have great pity for the sick and +with the help of God didst often relieve and cure them; I invoke thy +intercession with God, that I may obtain the grace to serve Him in good +health by cheerfully fulfilling the duties of my state of life. But if +it be His holy will to visit me with illness, pain, and suffering, do +thou aid me with thy powerful prayer to submit humbly to His +chastisements, to accept sickness in the spirit of penance and to bear +it patiently according to His holy will. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + +[Image: The Blessed Virgin Receives Holy Communion from St. John.] + + + +V + +Novena in Honor of St. Vitus + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. VITUS + +GRANT us, O God, through the intercession of St. Vitus, a due estimation +of the value of our soul and of its redemption by the precious blood of +Thy Son Jesus Christ; so that, for its salvation, we bear all trials +with fortitude. Give this Thy youthful servant and heroic martyr as a +guide and protector to Christian youths, that following his example they +may after a victorious combat receive the crown of justice in heaven. +Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. VITUS + +ST. VITUS, glorious martyr of Christ; in thy youth thou wast exposed to +violent and dangerous temptations, but in the fear of God and for the +love of Jesus thou didst victoriously overcome them. O amiable, holy +youth, I implore thee by the love of Jesus, assist me with thy powerful +intercession to overcome the temptations to evil, to avoid every +occasion of sin, and thus to preserve spotless the robe of innocence and +sanctifying grace, and to bring it unstained to the judgment-seat of +Jesus Christ, that I may forever enjoy the beatific vision of God which +is promised to the pure of heart. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +VI + +Novena in Honor of St. Christophorus + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. CHRISTOPHORUS + +O GOD, who didst make St. Christophorus a true Christ-bearer, who +converted multitudes to the Christian faith, and who didst give him the +grace to suffer for Thy sake the most cruel torments; through the +intercession of this saint we implore Thee to protect us from sin, the +only real evil. Preserve us, also, against harmful elementary forces, +such as earthquake, lightning, fire, and flood. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. CHRISTOPHORUS + +GREAT St. Christophorus, seeking the strongest and mightiest master thou +didst find him in Jesus Christ, the almighty God of heaven and earth, +and didst faithfully serve Him with all thy power to the end of thy +life, gaining for Him countless souls and finally shedding thy blood for +Him; obtain for me the grace to bear Christ always in my heart, as thou +didst once bear Him on thy shoulder, so that I thereby may be +strengthened to overcome victoriously all temptations and resist all +enticements of the world, the devil, and the flesh, and that the powers +of darkness may not prevail against me. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +VII + +Novena in Honor of St. Dionysius + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. DIONYSIUS + +O GOD, who didst confer Thy saving faith on the people of France through +Thy holy bishop and martyr Dionysius, and didst glorify him before and +after his martyrdom by many miracles; grant us through his intercession +that the Faith practised and preached by him be our light on the way of +life, so that we may be preserved from all anxieties of conscience, and +if by human frailty we have sinned, we may return to Thee speedily by +true penance. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. DIONYSIUS + +GLORIOUS servant of God, St. Dionysius, with intense love thou didst +devote thyself to Christ after learning to know Him through the apostle +St. Paul, and didst preach His saving name to the nations, to bring whom +to His knowledge and love thou didst not shrink from martyrdom; implore +for me a continual growth in the knowledge and love of Jesus, so that my +restless heart may experience that peace which He alone can give. Help +me by thy powerful intercession with God to serve Him with a willing +heart, to devote myself with abiding love to His service, and thereby to +attain the eternal bliss of heaven. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +VIII + +Novena in Honor of St. Cyriacus + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. CYRIACUS + +O GOD, who didst grant to St. Cyriacus the grace of heroic charity and +trustful resignation to Thy holy will; bestow upon us, through his +intercession, the grace to walk before Thee in self-denying charity and +to know and fulfil Thy will in all things. Through Christ our Lord. +Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. CYRIACUS + +ST. CYRIACUS, great servant of God, loving Christ with all thy heart, +thou didst for His sake also love thy fellow-men, and didst serve them +even at the peril of thy life, for which charity God rewarded thee with +the power to overcome Satan, the arch-enemy, and to deliver the poor +obsessed from his dreadful tyranny; implore for me of God an effective, +real, and true charity. Show thy power over Satan also in me; deliver me +from his influence when he tries to tempt me. Help me to repel his +assaults and to gain the victory over him in life and in death. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +IX + +Novena in Honor of St. Achatius + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. ACHATIUS + +O GOD, who didst fortify Thy holy martyr Achatius with constancy and +trustful reliance on Thee in death; grant us through his intercession at +the hour of our death to be free from all anxiety and victorious in our +last combat with the enemy. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. ACHATIUS + +VALIANT martyr of Christ, St. Achatius, who preached Christ faithfully +before kings and judges, and didst gain the victory over the enemies of +God; help me through thy powerful intercession to resist and gain the +victory over all the enemies of my salvation, over the world and its +allurements, over the concupiscence of the flesh, and over the +temptations of Satan. I implore thee particularly to assist me in my +agony, when the powers of hell rise against me to rob my soul. Then do +thou come to my aid and repel the assaults of the enemy, so that I +surrender my soul into the hands of my Redeemer in faith, hope, and +charity, and confiding in His infinite merits. Through the same Christ +our Lord. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +X + +Novena in Honor of St. Eustachius + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. EUSTACHIUS + +O GOD, who didst lead Thy holy martyr Eustachius safely through many +trials and dangers to the glorious crown of martyrdom; enlighten and +strengthen us through his intercession, that we persevere in Thy love +amid the trials of this life, and by resignation to Thy holy will come +forth from the darkness of this earth into the light of Thy eternal +glory. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. EUSTACHIUS + +HEROIC servant of God, St. Eustachius, cast from the height of earthly +glory and power into the deepest misery, thou wast engaged for a long +time in the labor of a menial servant, eating the bitter bread of +destitution; but never didst thou murmur against the severe probation to +which God subjected thee. I implore thee to aid me with thy powerful +intercession, that in all conditions I may resign myself to the holy +will of God, and particularly that I may bear poverty and its +consequences with patience, trusting in God's providence, completely +resigned to the decrees of Him who humbles and exalts, chastises and +heals, sends trials and consolations, and who has promised to those who +follow Him in the spirit of poverty His beatific vision throughout all +eternity. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +XI + +Novena in Honor of St. Giles + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. GILES + +O GOD, we beseech Thee to grant us through the merits and intercession +of St. Giles to flee from the vanity and praise of this world, to avoid +carefully all occasions of sin, to cleanse our hearts from all +wickedness by a sincere confession, to leave this world in Thy love and +rich in good works, and to find Thee gracious on the day of judgment. +Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. GILES + +ZEALOUS follower of Christ, St. Giles; from early youth thou didst take +to heart the words of our Saviour: "Learn of Me, because I am meek and +humble of heart." Therefore thou didst flee from the praise and honors +of the world, and wast rewarded with the grace to preserve thy heart +from all sin and to persevere in a holy life to a ripe old age. I, on my +part, through pride, self-confidence, and negligence, yielded to my evil +inclinations, and thereby sinned grievously and often, offending my God +and Lord, my Creator and Redeemer, my most loving Father. Therefore I +implore thee to help me through thy mighty intercession to be +enlightened by the Holy Ghost, that I may know the malice, grievousness, +and multitude of my sins, confess them humbly, fully, and contritely, +and receive pardon, tranquillity of heart, and peace of conscience from +God. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +XII + +Novena in Honor of St. Margaret + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. MARGARET + +O GOD, grant us through the intercession of thy holy virgin and martyr +Margaret, undauntedly to confess the Faith, carefully to observe the +chastity of our state of life, and to overcome the temptations of the +world, the devil, and the flesh, and thereby escape the punishments of +eternal damnation. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. MARGARET + +ST. MARGARET, holy virgin and martyr, thou didst faithfully preserve the +robe of holy innocence and purity, valiantly resisting all the +blandishments and allurements of the world for the love of thy divine +Spouse, Jesus Christ; help me to overcome all temptations against the +choicest of all virtues, holy purity, and to remain steadfast in the +love of Christ, in order to preserve this great gift of God. Implore for +me the grace of perseverance in prayer, distrust of myself, and flight +from the occasions of sin, and finally the grace of a good death, so +that in heaven I may "follow the Lamb whithersoever He goeth." Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +XIII + +Novena in Honor of St. Catherine + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. CATHERINE + +O GOD, who didst distinguish Thy holy virgin and martyr Catherine by the +gift of great wisdom and virtue, and a victorious combat with the +enemies of the Faith; grant us, we beseech Thee, through her +intercession, constancy in the Faith and the wisdom of the saints, that +we may devote all the powers of our mind and heart to Thy service. +Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. CATHERINE + +ST. CATHERINE, glorious virgin and martyr, resplendent in the luster of +wisdom and purity; thy wisdom refuted the adversaries of divine truth +and covered them with confusion; thy immaculate purity made thee a +spouse of Christ, so that after thy glorious martyrdom angels carried +thy body to Mount Sinai. Implore for me progress in the science of the +saints and the virtue of holy purity, that vanquishing the enemies of my +soul, I may be victorious in my last combat and after death be conducted +by the angels into the eternal beatitude of heaven. Amen. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +XIV + +Novena in Honor of St. Barbara + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of Part IV). + +PRAYER IN HONOR OF ST. BARBARA + +O GOD, who didst adorn Thy holy virgin and martyr Barbara with +extraordinary fortitude in the confession of the Faith, and didst +console her in the most atrocious torments; grant us through her +intercession perseverance in the fulfilment of Thy law and the grace of +being fortified before our end with the holy sacraments, and of a happy +death. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF ST. BARBARA + +INTREPID virgin and martyr, St. Barbara, through thy intercession come +to my aid in all needs of my soul. Obtain for me the grace to be +preserved from a sudden and unprovided death; assist me in my agony, +when my senses are benumbed and I am in the throes of death. Then, O +powerful patroness of the dying, come to my aid! Repel from me all the +assaults and temptations of the evil one, and obtain for me the grace to +receive before death the holy sacraments, that I breathe forth my soul +confirmed in faith, hope, and charity, and be worthy to enter eternal +glory. Amen. + + St. Barbara, at my last end + Obtain for me the Sacrament; + Assist one in that direst need + When I my God and Judge must meet: + That robed in sanctifying grace + My soul may stand before His face. + +Prayer (located in St. George's novena). + + + +Novena to All the Fourteen Holy Helpers + +PREPARATORY PRAYER + +_(By St Alphonsus Liguori.)_ + +GREAT princes of heaven, Holy Helpers, who sacrificed to God all your +earthly possessions, wealth, preferment, and even life, and who now are +crowned in heaven in the secure enjoyment of eternal bliss and glory; +have compassion on me, a poor sinner in this vale of tears, and obtain +for me from God, for whom you gave up all things and who loves you as +His servants, the strength to bear patiently all the trials of this +life, to overcome all temptations, and to persevere in God's service to +the end, that one day I too may be received into your company, to praise +and glorify Him, the supreme Lord, whose beatific vision you enjoy, and +whom you praise and glorify for ever. Amen. + +FIRST DAY + +The Devotion to the Fourteen Holy Helpers + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE practice of honoring and invoking the saints to obtain, through +their intercession, help in the various needs of body and soul, is as +old as the Church. At what period, however, the custom of having +recourse to the fourteen saints called Holy Helpers originated, is +unknown. Nevertheless it is certain that each one of them was invoked +for his intercession with God since his entrance into heaven. Prayer is +the Christian's resource in every difficulty: and difficulties and +trials are never wanting on earth. + +Because the needs of mankind on earth are various, the faithful selected +certain saints as intercessors in certain cases of distress, and +obtained relief; hence these saints came to be regarded as special +patrons in such trials, and were called Holy Helpers. + +PRACTICE + +MAKE this novena with full confidence in the power of the intercession +of the Fourteen Holy Helpers. During their earthly life they devoted +their whole energy to the spreading of God's kingdom and the relief and +succor of their fellow-men. Much more efficiently can they do so now +when they are in the enjoyment of eternal happiness, and can supplicate +for us at the very throne of God. + +The saints _can_ help us through their intercession. God hears their +prayers and He wrought miracles to confirm us in this belief, even +whilst His servants sojourned here on earth. They _desire_ and are +willing to help us. St. Bernard says: "In heaven hearts do not grow +cold; they are rather rendered more affectionate and tender. By +receiving the crown of justice the saints were not hardened against the +sufferings of their brethren on earth." + +Therefore, in calling on them, have full confidence in their power and +ability to come to your aid. + +_Prayer_ + +WE BESEECH Thee, O Lord, to hear the prayer which we send up to Thee in +honor of Thy glorified servants, the Fourteen Holy Helpers: and as we +can not rely upon our own justice, grant our petition through the +intercession of those whose merits have made them especially dear to +Thee. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +[Image: Death of the Blessed Virgin] + +LITANY OF THE FOURTEEN HOLY HELPERS + + LORD, have mercy on us. + Christ, have mercy on us. + Lord, have mercy on us. + Christ, hear us. + Christ, graciously hear us. + God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us. + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on us. + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us. + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us. + Holy Mary, queen of martyrs, pray for us. + St. Joseph, helper in all needs, pray for us. + Fourteen Holy Helpers, pray for us. + St. George, valiant martyr of Christ, pray for us. + St. Blase, zealous bishop and benefactor of the poor, pray for us. + St. Erasmus, mighty protector of the oppressed, pray for us. + St. Pantaleon, miraculous exemplar of charity, pray for us. + St. Vitus, special protector of chastity, pray for us. + St. Christophorus, mighty intercessor in dangers, pray for us. + St. Dionysius, shining mirror of faith and confidence, pray for us. + St. Cyriacus, terror of hell, pray for us. + St. Achatius, helpful advocate in death, pray for us. + St. Eustachius, exemplar of patience in adversity, pray for us. + St. Giles, despiser of the world, pray for us. + St. Margaret, valiant champion of the Faith, pray for us. + St. Catherine, victorious defender of the Faith and of purity, pray +for us. + St. Barbara, mighty patroness of the dying, pray for us. + All ye Holy Helpers, pray for us. + All ye saints of God, pray for us. + In temptations against faith, pray for us. + In adversity and trials, pray for us. + In anxiety and want, pray for us. + In every combat, pray for us. + In every temptation, pray for us. + In sickness, pray for us. + In all needs, pray for us. + In fear and terror, pray for us. + In dangers of salvation, pray for us. + In dangers of honor, pray for us. + In dangers of reputation, pray for us. + In dangers of property, pray for us. + In dangers by fire and water, pray for us. + Be merciful, spare us, O Lord! + Be merciful, graciously hear us, O Lord! + From all sin, deliver us, O Lord. + From Thy wrath, deliver us, O Lord. + From the scourge of earthquake, deliver us, O Lord. + From plague, famine, and war, deliver us, O Lord. + From lightning and storms, deliver us, O Lord. + From a sudden and unprovided death, deliver us, O Lord. + From eternal damnation, deliver us, O Lord. + Through the mystery of Thy holy incarnation, deliver us, O Lord. + Through Thy birth and Thy life, deliver us, O Lord. + Through Thy cross and passion, deliver us, O Lord. + Through Thy death and burial, deliver us, O Lord. + Through the merits of Thy blessed Mother Mary, deliver us, O Lord. + Through the merits of the Fourteen Holy Helpers, deliver us, O Lord. + On the Day of Judgment, deliver us, O Lord! + We sinners, beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou spare us, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou pardon us, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou convert us to true penance, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou give and preserve the fruits of the earth, we beseech Thee, +hear us. + That Thou protect and propagate Thy holy Church, we beseech Thee, hear +us. + That Thou preserve peace and concord among the nations, we beseech +Thee, hear us. + That Thou give eternal rest to the souls of the departed, we beseech +Thee, hear us. + That Thou come to our aid through the intercession of the Holy +Helpers, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. George Thou preserve us in the +Faith, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Blase Thou confirm us in hope, we +beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Erasmus Thou enkindle in us Thy +holy love, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Pantaleon Thou give us charity +for our neighbor, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Vitus Thou teach us the value of +our soul, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Christophorus Thou preserve us +from sin, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Dionysius Thou give us +tranquillity of conscience, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Cyriacus Thou grant us +resignation to Thy holy will, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Eustachius Thou give us patience +in adversity, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Achatius Thou grant us a happy +death, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Giles Thou grant us a merciful +judgment, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Margaret Thou preserve us from +hell, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Catherine Thou shorten our +purgatory, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of St. Barbara Thou receive us in +heaven, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That through the intercession of all the Holy Helpers Thou wilt grant +our prayers, we beseech Thee, hear us. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, spare us, O Lord. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, graciously hear +us, O Lord. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, have mercy on us, +O Lord. + +V. Pray for us, ye Fourteen Holy Helpers. + +R. That we may be made worthy of the promise of Christ. + +_Let us Pray_ + +ALMIGHTY and eternal God, who hast bestowed extraordinary graces and +gifts on Thy saints George, Blase, Erasmus, Pantaleon, Vitus, +Christophorus, Dionysius, Cyriacus, Eustachius, Achatius, Giles, +Margaret, Catherine, and Barbara, and hast illustrated them by miracles; +we beseech Thee to graciously hear the petitions of all who invoke their +intercession. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +O God, who didst miraculously fortify the Fourteen Holy Helpers in the +confession of the Faith; grant us, we beseech Thee, to imitate their +fortitude in overcoming all temptations against it, and protect us +through their intercession in all dangers of soul and body, so that we +may serve Thee in purity of heart and chastity of body. Through Christ +our Lord. Amen. + +INVOCATION OF THE HOLY HELPERS + +FOURTEEN Holy Helpers, who served God in humility and confidence on +earth and are now in the enjoyment of His beatific vision in heaven; +because you persevered till death you gained the crown of eternal life. +Remember the dangers that surround us in this vale of tears, and +intercede for us in all our needs and adversities. Amen. + +Fourteen Holy Helpers, select friends of God, I honor you as mighty +intercessors, and come with filial confidence to you in my needs, for +the relief of which I have undertaken to make this novena. Help me by +your intercession to placate God's wrath, which I have provoked by my +sins, and aid me in amending my life and doing penance. Obtain for me +the grace to serve God with a willing heart, to be resigned to His holy +will, to be patient in adversity and to persevere unto the end, so that, +having finished my earthly course, I may join you in heaven, there to +praise for ever God, who is wonderful in His saints. Amen. + + + +SECOND DAY + +The Destiny of Man + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE Holy Helpers faithfully co-operated with God's designs concerning +their eternal destiny. No obstacle could prevail on them to stray from +the path of duty. Always and everywhere they fulfilled the will of God. + +You, too, have an eternal destiny. You are not your own master, but +belong to God, whose servant and property you are. Therefore you must +obey Him, and not your own inclinations; you must do His will, and not +your own. God had the right of requiring our submission to Him without +giving us a reward, because He is Our Lord; nevertheless He promised to +give us Himself in reward for our faithful service. Ought this not be +sufficient inducement for us to serve Him zealously and gratefully? + +Remember, moreover, that you shall be unhappy both in this and in the +next world if you do not give yourself entirely to God, for whom you +were created. St. Augustine says: "Thou hast created us for Thee, O +Lord, and our heart remains restless till it rests in Thee." + +PRACTICE + +THANK God for the undeserved grace of creation and redemption. Make an +act of contrition for having served Him so negligently. Promise +amendment, and invoke the aid of God's grace through the intercession of +the Holy Helpers. + +_Prayer_ + +O GOD, who according to the decrees of Thy providence hast created man +for eternal bliss; grant, through the intercession of the Holy Helpers, +that I may attain to my destiny by being united with Thee in this life +and loving and praising Thee for ever in heaven. Amen. + +Litany and Prayers (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +THIRD DAY + +The Virtue of Faith + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE Holy Helpers were so thoroughly imbued with the virtue of divine +faith, that they believed its sacred truths with perfect abandonment of +their intellect, will, liberty, and whole being. They wavered not amid +the severest torments, but remained firm until death in the confession +of Christ. + +Our time is noted for assaults on the Faith and on the Church that +teaches it. The Church, the depository of divine revelation, is +blasphemed in her doctrine, in her precepts, in her sacraments, in her +ministers, in her cult, in her entire essence. Were you never ashamed of +your Catholic name? What cowardliness, what timidity, what downright +malice! + +PRACTICE + +REVIVE your faith by the consideration of the example of the Holy +Helpers. Do not, from human respect, neglect the sanctification of the +Lord's Day, the observance of days of fast and abstinence, the reception +of the holy sacraments, the profession of your belief in the real +presence of Our Lord in the Blessed Sacrament, etc. Meditate frequently +on the words of Christ: "He that shall deny Me before men, I will also +deny him before My Father who is in heaven" (_Matt._ x. 33). + +_Prayer_ + +O GOD, I beseech Thee, through the faith of the Holy Helpers, grant me +the grace to treasure in my heart the doctrines of our holy faith, to +believe them firmly, to confess them bravely, and to live according to +their precepts, that through that same faith I may become worthy to be +admitted to Thy beatific vision in heaven. Amen. + +Litany and Prayers (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +FOURTH DAY + +The Virtue of Hope + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +"HOPE confoundeth not" (_Rom._ v. 6). According to the commentators +these words of Holy Scripture are to be understood in the sense that our +works must be in conformity with that which is the object of our hope; +that is, we must live in such a manner that we really merit the reward +of heaven. + +We sin against hope also by presumption in God's mercy, by despair, and +by over-confidence in our own righteousness. According to Holy Scripture +we can not, of our own efficacy, perform a good act, but can do all in +Him that strengthens us. + +All these truths are exemplified in the lives of the Holy Helpers. Their +hope was based on the firm foundation of faith, and consequently, like +it, firm, constant, and unwavering. + +PRACTICE + +LIKE the Holy Helpers, hope to obtain from God all things necessary to +salvation, for "the Lord is good to them that hope in Him, to the soul +that seeketh Him" (_Lam._ iii. 25). Live so that He can fulfil His +promises. Place no obstacle to His bounty and might by a sinful life. + +_Prayer_ + +ETERNAL God of love and mercy, I thank Thee for all the benefits Thou +hast conferred upon me, and hope to obtain, through the intercession of +the Holy Helpers, all the graces necessary for my salvation. Through +Christ our Lord. Amen. + +Litany and Prayers (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +FIFTH DAY + +The Love of God + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE love of God which inflamed the Holy Helpers showed forth in their +whole life, and particularly at their death. We, too, ought to be +inflamed with such love, for without it faith, wisdom, the gift of +tongues, and good works in general, avail nothing; for the love of God +must inspire them all. "And we know that to them that love God, all +things work together unto good" (_Rom._ viii. 28). Such, and such alone, +will receive the crown of life. Did not God love us first? To redeem us +from sin and eternal death He spared not His only begotten, divine Son. +All goods of life and fortune are gifts of His love, evidences of His +infinite love. And we find it difficult to return this love? How +ungrateful not to love God with your whole heart! + +PRACTICE + +IMITATE the Holy Helpers in their ardent love of God. Implore their +intercession to obtain it. Meditate often on God's love for you, and +your heart will be enflamed with love for Him. + +_Prayer_ + +O GOD of mercy and love, I thank Thee from all my heart for the +countless graces which Thy infinite love has bestowed on me. By the +ardent love which the Holy Helpers had for Thee, I implore Thee to +enkindle in my heart the flame of Thy love, so that I may remain in Thee +and Thou in me. Amen. + +Litany and Prayers (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +SIXTH DAY + +The Virtue of Charity + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +CHARITY is one of the fundamental virtues of the Christian religion. The +moral doctrine preached by Christ is comprised in the words: "Thou shalt +love the Lord thy God with thy whole heart, and with thy whole soul, and +with thy whole mind. This is the greatest and the first commandment. And +the second is like to this. Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. On +these two commandments dependeth the whole law and the prophets" +(_Matt._ xxii. 37-40). + +As in everything else, the Holy Helpers are our exemplars also in +charity. Charity consists in wishing well to our fellow-men, rejoicing +with the glad and sympathizing with the sad, doing good to all, excusing +their faults whenever possible, disclosing them only when necessary, +being friendly, indulgent, meek, and helpful toward them. We love our +neighbor if we succor the poor and distressed, if we harbor no envy for +the rich, if we esteem the just for their virtue, and hate--not the +sinner--but sin. We love our neighbor if we are not content with +harboring these sentiments in our heart, but show them by our actions. + +PRACTICE + +ENDEAVOR to exercise this charity according to the spirit of Christ. The +love of your neighbor must not be a sentimental affection; it must not +originate in casual qualities of character or rank, in inclination, +etc., but must have the love of God for its motive. We must exercise +charity toward all because God wills it, and in the manner in which He +wills it. "Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." + +_Prayer_ + +O GOD of charity, who dost will that I love my neighbor for Thy sake, +grant me the grace, through the intercession of the Holy Helpers, to be +animated with that spirit of charity which embraces all and excludes +none, which "is patient, kind, envieth not, dealeth not perversely, is +not puffed up, is not ambitious, seeketh not her own, is not provoked to +anger, thinketh no evil, rejoiceth not in iniquity, but rejoiceth with +the truth, beareth all things, believeth all things, endureth all +things, and never falleth away" (1 _Cor._ xiii. 4-8). Amen. + +Litany and Prayers (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +SEVENTH DAY + +Human Respect + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +BY THE conscientious fulfilment of the duties of their state of life the +Holy Helpers show us that the will of God alone was the motive of all +their actions. Human respect, regard for the opinion of others, did not +influence them. + +The cowardly fear, "What will people say?" was the ruin of many a soul. +The enemy of mankind is ever intent upon preventing us from doing good +through human respect. He insinuates that virtue and piety are out of +date and ridiculed. From human respect many a person boasts of that +which ought to make him blush; he thinks it discreditable to be less +remiss in his religious obligations than others. Ought the opinion and +ridicule of the world influence us to prevent our pleasing God? St. Paul +says: "If I yet pleased men, I should not be the servant of Christ" +(_Gal._ i. 10). Our Lord Himself tells us, "He that shall deny Me before +men, I will also deny him before My Father who is in heaven" (_Matt._ x. +33). + +PRACTICE + +OUR Lord says: "So let your light shine before men, that they may see +your good works and glorify your Father who is in heaven" (_Matt._ v. +16). Do not stray from the path of duty on account of human respect; do +not let yourself be influenced by the judgments of the world. + +_Prayer_ + +MERCIFUL God, who gavest the Holy Helpers the grace to fulfil Thy will +regardless of human respect; grant that we may obtain through their +intercession and merits the courage to despise the opinion of men, and +ever serve Thee with a fearless heart. Amen. + +Litany and Prayers (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +EIGHTH DAY + +Prayer + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +THE Holy Helpers, well knowing the efficacy of prayer, assiduously +devoted themselves to it. From it they drew that wonderful strength +which sustained them in their combat for the Faith. + +Prayer is the elevation of the mind to God, intercourse with Him by acts +of adoration, praise, thanksgiving, and petition. St. Chrysostom says of +prayer: "Without prayer it is impossible to lead a good life; for no one +can practise virtue except he humbly implores God for it, who alone can +give him the necessary strength. Who ceases to love and practise prayer, +no longer possesses the gifts of the Spirit. But he that perseveres in +the service of God, and deems it an irreparable loss to miss constant +prayer, possesses every virtue and is a friend of God." + +PRACTICE + +OFFER yourself at the beginning of each day to God, and thereby you will +belong to Him throughout its whole course. Renew your consecration to +Him frequently during the day by short acts of virtue and especially by +a good intention, thus rendering all your work a prayer, and you will +attain perfection. + +_Prayer_ + +O GOD, I implore Thee through the merits and intercession of the Holy +Helpers, to grant me the spirit of prayer, that following their example +I may walk in Thy presence and ever enjoy the consolation of intercourse +with Thee. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +Litany and Prayers (located on the first day of the novena). + + + +NINTH DAY + +Perseverance + +Preparatory Prayer (located at the start of the novena). + +MEDITATION + +A VICTORIOUS death was the reward of the Holy Helpers' perseverance in +the service of God. During this novena you have, no doubt, formed many +good resolutions, exclaiming with the Royal Prophet, "And I said, now I +have begun" (_Ps._ lxxvi. 11). But it happens that many, despite their +good will, become remiss in the pursuit of virtue. Satan is assiduously +trying to accomplish their ruin, representing to them and exaggerating +the difficulties to be encountered on the path of virtue. They hesitate, +falter, and finally turn back. This is the most unfortunate happening +that can occur. Of the condition of such a one Our Lord Himself says: +"When the unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh through places +without water, seeking rest; and not finding, he saith: 'I will return +into my house whence I came out.' And when he is come, he findeth it +swept and garnished. Then he goeth and taketh with him seven spirits +more wicked than himself, and entering in they dwell there. And the last +state of that man becometh worse than the first" (_Luke_ xi. 24-26). Are +these words not a sufficient warning to encourage us to persevere in our +good resolves? + +[Image: Assumption of the Blessed Virgin into Heaven.] + +PRACTICE + +IN concluding this novena, survey again the depth of that +incomprehensible eternity which is awaiting you. Contemplate in spirit +the endless chain of centuries following each other there in reward or +in punishment. Does this thought not banish all the difficulties of +perseverance? + +_Prayer_ + +O GOD, whose mercies are infinite and whose goodness is without limit, I +beseech Thee through the merits and intercession of the Holy Helpers, +grant me the grace of perseverance in Thy love and service to the end. +Thou, who dost dispense so many favors through the Holy Helpers, despise +not my prayer, but graciously hear and grant it. Amen. + +Litany and Prayers (located on the first day of the novena). + +CONCLUDING PRAYER + +O FAITHFUL servants of God and powerful protectors of man, Holy Helpers! +Since Our Lord appointed you the heavenly advocates for our needs on +earth, I confidently turn to you for help in my distress. Countless +numbers praise you for aiding them with counsel in doubt, with +consolation in anxiety, with health in illness, with safety in danger, +with delivery from prison, and with help and assistance in all +tribulations. Therefore I, too, have recourse to you, and implore you +not to refuse me your aid. + +Give thanks to God for me for all the graces He granted me during this +novena. I ascribe them to your great merits and powerful intercession. I +thank you all together, and each one in particular, for your interest in +my favor before the throne of God. I commend myself to your continued +protection, that I may one day be united with you in heaven, there to +thank the Giver of all good things and to praise Him for all eternity. +Amen. + + + +Prayers of Petition and Intercession + +I. Three Invocations + +1. GREAT friends of God, Holy Helpers, humbly saluting and venerating +you, I implore your help and intercession. Bring my prayers before the +throne of the Most Holy Trinity, so that I may experience in all the +difficulties and trials of life the mercy of the eternal Father, the +love of the incarnate divine Son, and the assistance of the Holy Ghost; +that despondency may not depress me when God's wise decree imposes on my +shoulders a heavy burden. Above all, I implore your assistance at the +hour of death. Help me then to gain the victory over the temptations and +assaults of Satan, and to leave this world hopefully trusting in God's +mercy, to join you in heaven, there to praise Him for ever and ever. +Amen. + +2. With confiding trust I turn to you, Holy Helpers, who were selected +by God before many other saints to be the special intercessors and +advocates of the distressed. Obtain for me strength and courage to +struggle and suffer on earth for the glory of God, for the propagation +of our holy faith, and for my own perfection. You are fruitful branches +of the true and living vine, Jesus Christ, for whom you heroically +suffered hunger and thirst, persecution and ignominy, afflictions and +adversity, tortures and death. Here on earth you were true disciples and +dauntless martyrs of Christ. Assist me to follow your example and to +suffer for His sake, so that I may not be parted from Him as a useless +member, but persevere in His service despite all trials and tribulations +of life. Knowing my inconstancy and weakness, I have recourse to you, O +glorious members of the Church triumphant, and implore you to support my +feeble prayers, and to bear them before the throne of the Almighty, who, +for your sake, will hear them. Amen. + +3. Great friends and servants of God, Holy Helpers! Humbly saluting and +venerating you, I implore your help and intercession. God has promised +and granted that whosoever invokes your aid shall be relieved in his +needs and succored at the hour of death. Therefore I have recourse to +you and confidently implore your aid. I am surrounded by difficulties +and my soul is oppressed with grief. Burdened with sins, the fear of +God's rigorous judgment appalls me, whilst Satan ceases not to exert all +his power to accomplish my eternal ruin. + +Therefore I implore your assistance, powerful Holy Helpers, in my dire +distress. By the penitential life you led, by the cruel tortures you +suffered, and by your holy death I entreat you to pray for me. Obtain +for me the remission of my sins and perseverance to the end in God's +grace. Assist me in my agony and protect me against the wily assaults of +Satan, that through your help I may die a happy death and enter a +blissful eternity. Amen. + + +II. Prayer in Illness + +COMPASSIONATE Holy Helpers, who restored health to so many through the +power of the name of Jesus; behold me suffering from bodily illness and +from wounds of the soul. Implore the kind, merciful Good Samaritan, your +and my Lord Jesus Christ, to heal the wounds of my soul by washing them +in His most precious blood, and to quicken my spirit by His sanctifying +grace. If it, then, be God's holy will and for the welfare of my soul, +let me experience the powerful effect of your intercession, that, +restored to health, I may serve God with greater fervor, and promote +your veneration together with so many who experienced your help in +illness and suffering. Amen. + +III. Prayer for the Sick + +MERCIFUL Holy Helpers, look benignly upon me, who implore your +intercession for a sick person. Our Lord and Redeemer Jesus Christ, who +Himself went about healing and doing good, appointed you the special +protectors and intercessors of the sick, and restored to bodily and +spiritual health many for whom you prayed. Encouraged thereby to invoke +you, I implore you to offer up to His sacred Heart all the pains and +torments He suffered during His bitter passion. Offer up to Him also +your own sufferings for God's glory, which you underwent during life, +and in death; offer up to Him all the anguish and distress suffered by +the sick person for whom I invoke your intercession. Ask Him to restore +him to health of body, and to infuse into his soul the grace of +salvation, so that he may devote his life with renewed vigor to the +service of God and to the fulfilment of his duties, and thereby gather +rich merits for eternity. + +But if God, in the designs of His providence, should otherwise dispose, +implore for the sick person patience in his illness, resignation to the +divine will, and the grace of a happy death. Assist him in his agony, +and conduct his soul to the throne of the Almighty. Amen. + +IV. Prayer of Parents for Their Children + +HOLY Helpers, assist me to give thanks to God for blessing me with +children. Having received them from Him, it is my duty to train them for +His service. Therefore I commend them to your special protection. Guard +them from sin, help them to know and fulfil their duties, preserve them +from all harm of body and soul; pray for them that they may be and +remain children of God. For me, obtain the grace always to take good +care of them, to edify them by good example, to punish their faults +wisely, to preserve their innocence, and to instruct them unto piety, so +that they and I may together enjoy the eternal happiness of heaven. +Amen. + +V. Prayer of Children for Their Parents + +HOLY Helpers, mighty intercessors with God in all necessities; God +strictly commanded that children should love, honor, and obey their +parents. Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ Himself gave them the example +of submission and obedience by being subject to His mother and +foster-father. I commend myself to your powerful intercession and +implore you to obtain for me the grace to follow His example. For my +parents I implore protection from all evil of body and soul, a long +and prosperous life, and a happy death. Reward them for all the care, +anxiety, labor, and trouble which they underwent patiently for my sake +with the eternal crown of heavenly glory. Amen. + +VI. Prayer of Married People + +HOLY Helpers, powerful intercessors at the throne of God, by whose +providence we were indissolubly joined in holy wedlock through the +sacramental bonds of matrimony; obtain for us, through your +intercession, the grace to dwell together in mutual love and peace, and +to fulfil faithfully the duties of our state of life; that following the +example of the saints and elect who lived in wedlock, we may merit God's +grace and blessing by a virtuous life here on earth, and united in +heaven praise and bless Him for ever. Amen. + + + +PART V + +General Devotions + + +"The Lord is nigh unto all them that call upon Him, to all that call +upon Him in truth. He will do the will of them that fear Him, and He +will bear their prayer and save them" (_Ps._ cxliv. 18, 19). + +"Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation, instant in prayer" (_Rom._ +xii. 12). + + + +Morning Prayers + +On awaking, sign yourself with the sign of the cross, saying: + +IN THE name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. + +I rise in the name of Our Lord Jesus Christ, who redeemed me by His +precious blood. Bless, guide, and protect me from all evil, O Lord! +Strengthen me to all good and lead me to eternal life. Amen. + +After dressing, kneel and say: + +My Lord and my God! I prostrate myself before the throne of Thy divine +Majesty, and give Thee infinite thanks, O Lord, that I have passed this +night safely and have not died in my sins, but was preserved by Thy +bounty for Thy further service. + +I offer up to Thee all that I shall do and suffer to-day, and unite it +with the prayers, labors, and sufferings of Our Lord Jesus Christ and of +His blessed Mother Mary. + +OFFERING + +TAKE, O Lord, and receive all my liberty, my memory, my understanding, +and my whole will. Thou hast given me all that I am and all that I +possess; I surrender it all to Thee that Thou mayest dispose of it +according to Thy will. Give me only Thy love and Thy grace; with these I +will be rich enough, and will have no more to desire. + +Indulgence. 300 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, May 26, 1883.) + + + +Acts of Faith, Hope, and Charity + +MY LORD and God! I most firmly believe all that Thou hast revealed and +all that Thy holy Church believes and teaches, because Thou, who art +infallible Truth, hast so revealed and commanded. + +My Lord and God! Because Thou art almighty, infinitely good and +merciful, I hope that by the merits of the passion and death of Jesus +Christ, our Saviour, Thou wilt grant me eternal life, which Thou hast +promised to all who shall do the works of a good Christian, as I purpose +to do by Thy help. + +My Lord and God! Because Thou art the highest and most perfect good, I +love Thee with my whole heart, and above all things; and rather than +offend Thee, I am ready to lose all things else; and for Thy love, I +love and desire to love my neighbor as myself. + +Indulgence. (1) A plenary indulgence, once a month, for devoutly making +these acts daily; under the usual conditions. (2) A plenary indulgence +at the hour of death, under the same conditions. (3) Seven years and +seven quarantines, every time. (Benedict XIV, January 28, 1728.) The +same Pope declared that it is not necessary to use any set formula, but +that any form of words may be used, provided it expresses the particular +motive of each of the three theological virtues. + + +To the Blessed Virgin Mary + +Hail Mary, etc. + +MY QUEEN, my Mother! I give myself entirely to thee; and to show my +devotion to thee I consecrate to thee this day my eyes, my ears, my +mouth, my heart, my whole being, without reserve. Wherefore, good +Mother, as I am thine own, keep me, guard me, as thy property and +possession. + +Indulgence. (1) 100 days, once a day. (2) A plenary indulgence, once a +month, for saying it every day; under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, +Aug. 5, 1851.) + + +To the Angel Guardian + + ANGEL of God, my guardian dear, + To whom His love committed me here, + Ever this day be at my side, + To light and guard, to rule and guide! Amen. + +Indulgence. (1) 100 days, every time. (2) A plenary indulgence on the +feast of the holy Guardian Angels, for saying it morning and evening +throughout the year; under the usual conditions. (3) A plenary +indulgence at the hour of death, for saying it often during life. (Pius +VI, Oct 2, 1795, and June 11, 1796.) (4) A plenary indulgence, once a +month, for saying it daily; under the usual conditions. (Pius VII, May +15, 1821.) + + + +Evening Prayers + +ETERNAL and merciful God! I adore Thee and give Thee thanks for all the +graces and benefits which Thou hast conferred upon me during my whole +life, and particularly during this day. May the saints and elect, +especially the Holy Helpers, praise and thank Thee for me. + +Enlighten me now through Thy holy Spirit, and let me know whether and +how I have offended Thee to-day in thought, word, deed, and omission of +duty. + +Examine your conscience. + + +An Act of Contrition + +O MY God! I am deeply sorry for all my sins, for those I committed +to-day, and for those of my whole life, because thereby I offended Thy +supreme and most loving goodness. Pardon me for the sake of Jesus, Thy +Son, who shed His most precious blood on the cross for our sins. With +the help of Thy grace, I firmly resolve to amend my life, and rather to +die than again offend Thee by a mortal sin. + +PETITION + +PROTECT me and mine and all men during this night, and through the +intercession of the blessed Virgin Mary and of the Holy Helpers preserve +us from all dangers of body and soul. Keep away from us sickness, fire, +and calamities of every kind. Protect us against the assaults of the +wicked and of Satan. Into Thy hands I commend my body and soul; let me +rest in Thy most holy wounds. + +Visit, we beseech Thee, O Lord, this habitation, and repel from it all +the snares of the enemy; let Thy holy angels dwell herein to preserve us +in peace, and may Thy blessings be upon us for ever. Through Christ our +Lord. Amen. + + +To the Sacred Heart of Jesus + +(_Prayer of St Alphonsus._) + +ADORABLE Heart of my Jesus, Heart created expressly for the love of men! +Until now I have shown toward Thee only ingratitude. Pardon me, O my +Jesus! Heart of my Jesus, abyss of love and of mercy, how is it possible +that I do not die of sorrow when I reflect on Thy goodness to me and my +ingratitude to Thee? Thou, my Creator, after having created me, hast +given Thy blood and Thy life for me; and, not content with this, Thou +hast invented a means of offering Thyself up every day for me in the +Holy Eucharist, exposing Thyself to a thousand insults and outrages. O +Jesus, do Thou wound my heart with a great contrition for my sins, and a +lively love for Thee. Through Thy tears and Thy blood give me the grace +of perseverance in Thy fervent love until I breathe my last sigh. Amen. + + +To the Blessed Virgin Mary + +REMEMBER, O most gracious Virgin Mary, that never was it known that any +one who fled to thy protection, implored thy help, and sought thy +intercession, was left unaided. Inspired with this confidence, I fly +unto thee, O Virgin of virgins, my Mother! To thee I come; before thee I +stand, sinful and sorrowful. O Mother of the Word incarnate, despise not +my petitions, but in thy mercy hear and answer me. Amen. + +Indulgence. (1) 300 days, every time, (2) A plenary indulgence, once a +month, for having said it daily; under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, +December 11, 1846.) + +Litany of Loreto (located in the list of litanies). + + +To St. Joseph + +GUARDIAN of virgins and father, holy Joseph, to whose faithful care +Christ Jesus, very innocence, and Mary, Virgin of virgins, were +committed; I pray and beg of thee by these dear pledges, Jesus and Mary, +free me from all uncleanness, and make me with spotless mind, pure +heart, and chaste body, ever most chastely to serve Jesus and Mary all +the days of my life. Amen. + +Indulgence. 100 days, once a day. (Pius IX, Feb. 4, 1877.) + +[Illustration: The Crowning of the Blessed Virgin in Heaven.] + + +Before Retiring + +(_Prayer of St. Alphonsus._) + +MY LORD and God Jesus Christ! I adore Thee and give Thee thanks for all +the graces which Thou hast granted me to-day. I offer up to Thee my rest +and every moment of this night, and implore Thee to preserve me from all +sin. Therefore I place myself into the wound of Thy sacred side, and +beneath the protecting mantle of my Mother Mary. May Thy holy angels +assist me and watch over my peace, and may Thy holy blessing remain with +me. + +Indulgence. 60 days, once a day, also for the souls in purgatory. (Leo +XIII, June 30, 1898.) + +INVOCATION + +JESUS, Mary, and Joseph, I give you my heart and my soul. + +Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, assist me in my last agony. + +Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, may I breathe forth my soul in peace with you. + +Indulgence. 100 days for the recital of any one of these invocations, +300 days for all three. (Pius VII, Aug. 26, 1814.) + + + +Prayers at Holy Mass + + +Preparatory Prayer + +ALMIGHTY and eternal God! I appear in Thy presence to assist at the most +holy sacrifice of the body and blood of Jesus Christ, Thy Son, my +Redeemer, and to offer it up jointly with the priest and the faithful +here present, in grateful remembrance of His passion and death, for the +promotion of Thy glory, and for my salvation. Together with all the holy +Masses that are celebrated throughout the world, I offer up this august +sacrifice for the following intentions: To adore Thee, O my God, as Thou +dost deserve to be adored; to give Thee due thanks for the innumerable +benefits which I owe to Thy bounty; to make reparation for the many +offenses I have committed; to appease Thy just anger, and to invoke Thy +infinite mercy for me, for Thy holy Church, for the whole world, and for +the souls in purgatory. Amen. + + +At the Beginning of Mass + +O HEAVENLY Father! Hear the prayer of Thy holy Church invoking Thy +divine Majesty in the name of Our Lord Jesus Christ, to come to the aid +of Thy children in all their needs. Turn not from us Thy gracious eyes, +but deliver us from all evil, so that we may live to please Thee, die in +Thy love, and enter the kingdom of glory. Amen. + + +At the Gospel + +ALMIGHTY God, Thou source of all truth, holiness, and justice; having +spoken in the Old Law by the mouth of Thy prophets, Thou spokest in the +fulness of time through Thy divine Son Jesus Christ, and speakest now +through Thy holy Church, appointed by Thee the Teacher of truth. We +thank Thee for the saving doctrines entrusted to her for our good, and +implore Thy grace to practise them and to please Thee by all our +actions. + + +At the Credo + +Say the Apostles' Creed. + +At the Offering + +ALMIGHTY and eternal God! Look graciously on the forms of bread and wine +offered up to Thee on the altar by the priest, imploring Thee to bless +and sanctify them for the eucharistic sacrifice of the New Law. With +this sacrifice, O my God, I offer up to Thee my heart with all its +affections, desires, and inclinations. Sanctify my thoughts, words, and +deeds, that they may become a sacrifice acceptable and pleasing to Thee. + + +At the Preface + +TO THEE, O Lord, I raise my heart in gratitude for all Thy mercies. For +truly meet and just, right and salutary is it for us to give Thee always +and everywhere praise and thanks, O holy Lord, almighty Father and +eternal God, through Christ our Lord; through whom the angels and +archangels, the cherubs and the seraphs praise Thy majesty and adore Thy +might. With them I unite my voice, joining in their hymns of praise, and +saying: + + +At the Sanctus + +HOLY, holy, holy, Lord, God of hosts. Heaven and earth are filled with +Thy glory. Hosanna in the highest. + +Blessed is He that cometh in the name of the Lord. Hosanna in the +highest. + + +At the Canon + +O GOD! Let my prayer be acceptable to Thee, and graciously hear the +intercession which I make confiding in the virtue of this holy +sacrifice. I commend to Thy mercy our holy Father, N., our bishop, N., +and all bishops and priests of Thy holy Church. Let Thy kingdom be +spread more and more all over the earth; grant peace and concord to the +nations; protect our country; preserve peace and love in all families. +Remember graciously my parents, brothers, sisters, and relatives, my +benefactors, my enemies, and all for whom I am in justice or charity +bound to pray. + + +At the Elevation + +HAIL, thou body of my Saviour, conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of Mary +the immaculate Virgin! With profound humility I adore Thee. Lord, have +mercy on me! + +Eternal Father, I offer Thee the precious blood of Jesus, in +satisfaction for my sins, and for the wants of holy Church. + +Indulgence. 100 days, every time. (Pius VII, Sept. 22, 1817.) + + +After the Elevation + +MOST amiable Jesus! Thou art now present on the altar, God and man, +really, truly, and essentially. Divine victim for our sins, have mercy +on us! Be our mediator with Thy Father; avert from us the punishment we +have deserved for our sins, deliver us from all dangers that threaten +us, and from all evil. Promote the welfare of Thy Church, and remember +in Thy mercy those who have gone before us with the sign of faith and +rest in peace. (_Remember the departed for whom you intend to pray._) + +To these, O Lord, and to all that sleep in Christ, grant, we beseech +Thee, a place of refreshment, light, and peace. + +Also to us sinners, Thy servants, confiding in the multitude of Thy +mercies, grant some part and fellowship with Thy saints, through whose +intercession we invoke Thy favor, and into whose company we beseech Thee +to admit us, not in consideration of our merit, but of Thy own pardon. +Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + + +At the Pater Noster + +INSTRUCTED by Thy saving precepts and following Thy divine directions, +we presume to say: + +Our Father, etc. + + +At the Agnus Dei + +LAMB of God, who takest away the sins of the world, have mercy on us. + +Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, have mercy on us. + +Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, give us peace. + + +At Communion + +LORD, I am not worthy that Thou shouldst enter under my roof; say but +the word, and my soul shall be healed. (_Three times._) + + +Spiritual Communion + +O JESUS, I firmly believe that Thou art truly present in the Blessed +Sacrament. I see Thee therein full of love, willing to pardon us, +anxious to be united with us. I wish most earnestly to respond to this +Thy desire and love. I detest all the sins by which I have ever +displeased Thee. Pardon me, O Lord! I desire to receive Thee into my +heart, and since I now can not receive Thee sacramentally, come at least +spiritually to me. + +I embrace Thee, I unite myself with Thee as if Thou wert really present +in my heart. With all my love I cling to Thee. Preserve me from sin, +that I may never be separated from Thee, but remain united with Thee for +ever. + +Indulgence. 60 days, once a day. Also for the suffering souls. (Leo +XIII, June 30, 1893.) + + +At the Blessing + +BLESS me, O Lord, by the hand of Thy priest, and let the power of this +blessing remain upon me for ever. In the name of the Father, and of the +Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. + + +At the Last Gospel + +O JESUS, incarnate Word of the eternal Father, Thou true light which +enlightens the world! I give thanks to Thee at all times for having +dwelt among us, the only-begotten Son of the Father, full of grace and +truth. Amen. + + + +Prayers after Mass + +Hail Mary, etc. (_Three times._) + + +Salve Regina + +HAIL, holy queen, Mother of mercy, our life, our sweetness, and our +hope! To thee do we cry, poor banished children of Eve; to thee do we +send up our sighs, mourning and weeping in this vale of tears. Turn +then, most gracious advocate, thine eyes of mercy toward us, and after +this our exile show unto us the blessed fruit of thy womb, Jesus. O +clement, O loving, O sweet Virgin Mary! + +V. Pray for us, O holy Mother of God. + +R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ. + +_Let Us Pray._ + +O GOD, our refuge and our strength! Look down with favor upon Thy people +crying to Thee; and through the intercession of the glorious and +immaculate Virgin Mary, Mother of God, of her spouse, blessed Joseph, of +thy holy apostles Peter and Paul, and all Thy saints, mercifully and +graciously hear the prayers which we pour forth to Thee for the +conversion of sinners and for the liberty and exaltation of holy mother +Church. Through Christ our Lord. Amen. + +St. Michael the archangel, defend us in battle; be our protection +against the malice and snares of the devil. Command him, O God, we +humbly beseech Thee, and do thou, O prince of the heavenly hosts, by the +divine power, cast into hell Satan and the other evil spirits who roam +through the world seeking the ruin of souls. Amen. + +Indulgence. 300 days. (Leo XIII, September 25, 1888.) + + + +Prayers for Confession + + +Before Confession + +MERCIFUL God! I give infinite thanks to Thee for the many and great +graces Thou hast bestowed upon me during my whole life. Would that I had +never been ungrateful to Thee, that I never had offended Thee. But I +have sinned exceedingly and often, and have done so again since my last +confession. Therefore I come to Thee, imploring Thee in profoundest +humility to give me Thy light and Thy grace, that I may know and +acknowledge all my sins, faults, and transgressions, be truly sorry for +them, sincerely confess them, do penance, and amend my life; for Thy +greater glory and for the salvation of my soul. + +Examine your conscience. + +SUPREME God and Lord! A poor sinner, I cast myself at the throne of Thy +divine Majesty, and contritely confess that I have sinned in thought, +word, and deed, and through the omission of my duties. I am heartily +sorry that I was ungrateful to Thee and have deserved to be punished in +this life and in the life to come. Above all I am sorry because by my +sins I have offended Thee, my supreme and infinite God, who art worthy +to be loved and honored above all else for Thy supreme goodness and +mercy. I detest and abhor my sins above all other evils, and wish I had +never committed them. Humbly I implore Thy pardon, and confidently hope +to obtain it through the merits of the blood of Jesus Christ shed for us +poor sinners, and through those of the Blessed Virgin Mary, of the Holy +Helpers, and of all the saints. + +I firmly purpose to amend my life, to avoid all occasions of sin, to use +the means for conquering my passions, and to practise virtue by ordering +my life according to Thy divine will and pleasure, and rather to die +than to offend Thee again, my God and Lord. I am now ready to make +reparation to Thy divine Justice for all the offenses of which I have +been guilty against Thee, as far as is in my power. Therefore I will +confess my sins sincerely, contritely, fully, and perform the penance +imposed upon me. + +Before entering the confessional. + +The Lord be in my heart and on my lips that I may worthily and +competently confess my sins. + + + +After Confession + +O GOD of infinite mercy! I give Thee due thanks, and praise Thee for +having admitted me to the confession of my sins and for having, through +Thy minister, granted me absolution for them. I implore Thee by the +merits of Jesus Christ, Thy Son, of Mary, His most blessed Mother, of +the Holy Helpers, and of all the saints, to accept my confession, and in +Thy infinite mercy to condone and amend all the defects and faults I +committed in making it, and to ratify in heaven the absolution I +received on earth. + +O my Jesus! How blind I was in not knowing Thee and preferring +transitory beauty and earthly attractions to Thy grace and love, and +thereby offending Thee! Now I acknowledge my fault, and am convinced +that it is my duty and privilege to love Thee above all things. Too late +I have learned it, but I shall zealously strive to make reparation for +my past neglect. Therefore I renounce the pleasures, vanities, and joys +of this deceitful world, and abhor sin and all that leads to it. In the +future nothing shall ever part me from Thy love. From this moment on I +am resolved nevermore to offend Thee. Confirm, O Jesus, this my +resolution, and with Thy almighty power strengthen my frailty. Seal my +purpose of amendment with the bestowal of Thy grace, and preserve me in +Thy grace and love unto the end. Amen. + + + +Prayers for Holy Communion + + + +BEFORE COMMUNION + + +An Act of Faith + +MY LORD and Saviour Jesus Christ! I firmly believe that Thou art really +present in the Blessed Sacrament. I believe it contains Thy body and +blood, Thy soul and divinity. I acknowledge these truths, I believe +these wonders. I adore Thy power which has wrought them; I praise Thy +infinite goodness which has prepared them for me. "I will praise Thee, +my God, with my whole heart, and will recount all Thy admirable works; I +will rejoice in Thee, and bless Thy holy name" (_Ps._ ix. 2, 3). In this +faith, and with this acknowledgment, I presume to approach this adorable +banquet, wherein Thou bestowest on me the divine food of Thy body and +blood to nourish my soul. Grant, O Jesus, that I may approach Thee with +such a sense of reverence and humility as is due to Thy divine Majesty. +Who am I, O God, that Thou shouldst work such wonders for my sake? +Grant, O Lord, that I be not altogether unworthy of them, and that I may +now receive Thee with a pure heart, a clean conscience, and a sincere +and lively faith. Pardon my sins, which have rendered me most unworthy +to approach Thee. I detest them from the bottom of my heart, because +they are displeasing to Thee, my God. I renounce them for ever, and +promise to be faithful to Thee. + + +An Act of Hope + +IN THEE, sweet Jesus, I place all my hope, because Thou alone art my +salvation, my strength, my refuge, and the foundation of all my +happiness. Were it not for the confidence I place in Thy merits, and in +the precious blood Thou didst shed for my redemption, I would not +presume to partake of this banquet. Encouraged, therefore, by Thy +goodness, I come to Thee as one sick to his physician, as a condemned +criminal to his powerful intercessor. Heal me as my physician, and as my +powerful advocate deliver me from the sentence of sin and death. It is +in Thy mercy that I put all my trust. Have pity, therefore, O Jesus, on +me, and save me, for Thou forsakest none that place their hope in Thee. + + +An Act of Love + +O DIVINE Redeemer, how strong was the force of Thy love, that, being +about to depart from this world to Thy eternal Father, Thou didst +provide for us this divine banquet, enriched with all heavenly +sweetness! It was through an excess of Thy love that Thou hast left us +Thy body and blood for the food and nourishment of our souls; that, as +Thou didst unite Thyself to our humanity, so we might be partakers of +Thy divinity. I desire to love Thee, my Jesus, who art my only comfort +in this place of banishment, the only hope of my infirm soul, my +happiness above all I can enjoy in this life. I love Thee, my God, with +my whole heart, with my whole soul, and with all my mind and strength. I +wish that, as every moment is an increase of my life, so it may also be +of my love toward Thee. I desire, with all the affections and powers of +my soul, that, as the inmost thanks are due to Thee, so they may be +returned to Thee by all the faithful, for this divine food, which is our +refreshment, support, strength, armor, and defense in all our miseries; +and that my love may never cease, inflame my heart with the fire of +heaven, that it may continue burning till, nature and corruption being +consumed, I may at length be transformed into Thee. Come, O Lord, hasten +to release me from the bonds of sin, and prepare me for the blessing +Thou art now about to bestow on me. + + +An Act of Desire + +MY LORD and Saviour, Jesus Christ! "As the heart panteth after the +fountains of waters so my soul panteth after Thee, O God!" (_Ps._ xlii. +1). Tired with my own evil ways, I now return to Thee, to taste Thy +banquet, that my soul may be refreshed. I henceforth despise all human +consolations, that I may be comforted by Thee, my only good, my God and +Saviour, whom I love above all things and desire to entertain within my +heart with as much devotion and affection as is conceived by Thy chosen +servants, who now sit at Thy table in celestial bliss. And however I may +have been wanting hitherto in my duty, I now for ever renounce my folly +and weakness, and from my heart request that for the future my joy, my +relief, my treasure, and rest may be entirely centered in Thee. May I +never desire anything besides Thee, and may all things seem contemptible +and as nothing without Thee, O my God! + + +An Act of Fear + +O MY God and Saviour, it is with fear and trembling that I approach Thy +banquet, having nothing to confide in but Thy goodness and mercy, being +of myself a sinner, destitute of all virtue. My soul and body are +defiled with many crimes, my thoughts and tongue have been under no +restraint. I have frequently resolved to amend, and yet where do I +remain but in the midst of sin and vice? How little pains do I take to +recover from this misery and return to Thee, to whom I have repeatedly +promised to be faithful! These thoughts cause me to fear that what Thou +hast mercifully ordained for my salvation, I should now receive to my +judgment and condemnation. In this wretched condition I hasten to Thee; +to Thee I expose all my wounds, to Thee I disclose my depravity. Look, +therefore, on me with the eyes of compassion, and have mercy on me, O +Lord and Saviour! + +[Illustration: The Mother of Our Saviour.] + + +An Act of Humility + +O IMMENSE, almighty, and incomprehensible God, who am I, that Thou +shouldst vouchsafe to come to be my food, and to take Thy habitation +within my soul? The consideration of Thy greatness and my unworthiness +penetrates me with awe and confusion. With the utmost sincerity I can +only declare the extent of my misery, and admire that infinite goodness +which induces Thee to visit personally the lowest and basest of Thy +creatures. Receive, then, Thy unworthy servant into the compassionate +arms of Thy mercy. Cast all my sins out of Thy sight, and with the +tenderness of a loving father extend Thy arms to receive me; and let me +effectually experience the truth of Thy prophet's words: "A sacrifice to +God is an afflicted spirit; a contrite and humble heart, O God, Thou +wilt not despise" (_Ps._ l. 19). + +IMMEDIATELY BEFORE COMMUNION + +LORD, I am not worthy that Thou shouldst enter under my roof: say but +the word, and my soul shall be healed. + +The body of Our Lord Jesus Christ preserve my soul to life everlasting. + + + +AFTER COMMUNION + + +An Act of Thanksgiving + +O JESUS, my God and Saviour! I return Thee thanks for having, out of Thy +pure mercy, without any desert of mine, been pleased to feed my soul +with Thine own most sacred body and blood. Suffer me sooner to be +forgetful of myself than to be ever unmindful of this great favor. +Although I have hitherto been ungrateful, with the help of Thy grace I +shall be so no more. But what return can I make Thee, being of myself +insolvent, indigent, and miserable? The sacrifice of all that I am or +have is not worthy to be presented to Thee; but, behold I offer Thee +Thyself, and consider all my debts as abundantly discharged. May Thy +infinite mercy be for ever exalted for having given me such an excellent +means of repaying Thee to the full. O that I could ever remember Thee, +think of Thee, ever love Thee alone! Imprint the memory of what Thou +didst for me so deeply in my heart, that I spend my whole life in +thanking Thee for all Thy benefits, but especially for this banquet of +Thy love. Amen. + + +An Act of Adoration + +UNDER the sacred veil of Thy eucharistic presence, where Thy love of man +conceals the splendor of Thy majesty, I most humbly adore Thee, O +almighty God! The grandeur of the heavens is as nothing in Thy sight; +they shall perish, but Thou shalt remain for ever. The earth Thou hast +poised in Thy hand. The ocean is before Thee but as a drop of water. All +nature bows and trembles in Thy presence. How, then, shall I extol Thee, +immortal King of glory? What homage can I give in proportion to Thy +greatness? Thou art the perfect image of Thy Father's substance. Thou +art the splendor of His glory. Thou art His almighty Word, supporting +all things. Thee He has seated at His right hand. Thy throne, O God, is +for ever and ever; a scepter of justice is the scepter of Thy reign. I +bow before Thy sacred Majesty. I acknowledge with the sincerest +gratitude that Thou art my redeemer, my creator, the supreme arbiter of +my eternal destiny. I desire to humble myself as profoundly for Thy sake +as Thou art humbled for my love in the center of my soul, and to +consecrate to the glory of Thy name the whole extent of my being. Amen. + + +An Act of Oblation + +O MY Saviour! What pledge can I give as an earnest of the gratitude I +owe to Thee? I have nothing worthy of Thee, and if I had, I have nothing +but what is Thine on several accounts. But such is Thy goodness as to be +content to accept from us what is already Thine. Wherefore, behold, I +offer to Thee my body and soul, which are both now sanctified by the +honor of Thy divine presence. I consecrate them to Thee for ever, since +Thou hast chosen them for Thy temple; my body to be continually employed +in Thy service, and nevermore to become an instrument of sin; my soul to +know Thee, to love Thee and be evermore faithful to Thee. And as I am +now resolved to serve Thee with body and soul, I will take pains to +correct their evil inclinations. I will declare war against myself, +renounce my wonted pleasures, my delights, my passions, my anger, my +self-love, my pride, my own will, and, in fine, whatever may offend +Thee. + + +Offering and Petition + +ALMIGHTY God, I offer Thee this holy communion in union with the +superabundant merits of Jesus Christ, Thy beloved Son, and the infinite +love of His adorable Heart; in union with the Blessed Virgin and the +ardent love of her immaculate heart; in union with the Holy Helpers and +all the happy souls who enjoy Thy glorious vision in heaven, and with +all the just on earth. O my God and Saviour, Jesus Christ, present in me +in the eucharistic species; fill me with that lively faith, profound +humility, tender confidence, pure conscience, and ardent love, with +which so many happy souls are inflamed in partaking of this sacred +banquet, and supply by Thy mercy all my deficiencies. I offer my +communion to render Thee the honor and glory which are due to Thy +infinite majesty; to satisfy Thy justice, which I have provoked by my +sins; to thank Thee for the innumerable benefits which I have received +from Thy bounty; and to obtain from Thy infinite mercy the graces +necessary for me; particularly the grace to subdue my predominant +passion and to acquire the virtue in which I am most deficient; but +especially the grace of a happy death. + +I likewise offer my communion, O merciful Father, in memory of the +passion and death of Thy dear Son, my divine Redeemer, to love Him with +more ardor and perfection; to participate in the merits of His labors +and sufferings; to acquire His spirit; to imitate His virtues; to model +my life on His, and to make His adorable Heart a public reparation for +all the sacrilegious communions, irreverences, and profanations which +are committed against Him in this sacrament of His love. I offer it to +thank Thee, O God, for all the graces Thou hast bestowed on mankind, +particularly for all those Thou hast conferred on Thy blessed Mother, on +all the angels and saints, especially on my guardian angel, on my holy +patron, and on the Holy Helpers. I offer it, likewise, for the triumph +of our holy religion, for the exaltation of the Catholic Church, for the +conversion of infidels, heretics, schismatics, and all those who are in +the unhappy state of sin. Also for the needs of my relatives, friends, +benefactors, and enemies; for the perseverance of the just, the comfort +of the afflicted, and the deliverance of the souls in purgatory; in a +word, for all those for whom I am bound to pray; and I desire to enter +into the intentions requisite for gaining the indulgences granted by the +Church to-day for worthy communicants. + +INVOCATIONS + + SOUL of Christ, sanctify me! + Body of Christ, save me! + Blood of Christ, inebriate me! + Water from the side of Christ, wash me! + Passion of Christ, strengthen me! + O good Jesus, hear me! + Within Thy wounds, hide me! + Permit me not to be separated from Thee! + From the malignant enemy defend me! + In the hour of my death call me! + And bid me come to Thee, + That, with Thy saints, I may praise Thee + For ever and ever. Amen. + + +Indulgence, (1) 300 days, every time. (2) 7 years, once a day, after +receiving communion. (3) A plenary indulgence, once a month, to all who +have the pious custom of saying it at least once a day for a month; +under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, January 9, 1854.) + + +Prayer to Jesus Crucified + +[Illustration: A crucifix] + +LOOK down upon me, good and gentle Jesus, while before Thy face I humbly +kneel, and with burning soul pray and beseech Thee to fix deep in my +heart lively sentiments of faith, hope, and charity, true contrition for +my sins, and a firm purpose of amendment; while I contemplate with great +love and tender pity Thy five wounds, pondering over them within me, and +calling to mind the words which David Thy prophet said of Thee, my +Jesus: "They pierced my hands and my feet; they numbered all my bones" +(_Ps._ xxi. 17, 18). + +Indulgence. A plenary indulgence, under the usual conditions, if said +before an image or picture of the crucified Redeemer, after holy +communion. (Pius IX, July 31, 1858.) + + + +Visit to the Blessed Sacrament + +(_Prayer of St. Alphonsus._) + +LORD Jesus Christ, who through the love which Thou bearest to man, dost +remain with them day and night in this sacrament, full of mercy and +love, expecting, inviting, and receiving all who come to visit Thee; I +believe that Thou art present in the Sacrament of the Altar. From the +abyss of my nothingness I adore Thee, and I thank Thee for all the +favors which Thou hast bestowed upon me, particularly for having given +me Thyself in this sacrament, for having given me for my advocate Thy +most holy Mother Mary, and for having called me to visit Thee in this +church. + +I this day salute Thy most loving Heart, and I wish to salute it for +three ends: first, in thanksgiving for this great gift; second, in +compensation for all the injuries Thou hast received from Thy enemies in +this sacrament; third, I wish by this visit to adore Thee in all places +in which Thou art least honored and most abandoned in this holy +sacrament. My Jesus, I love Thee with my whole heart. I am sorry for +having hitherto offended Thy infinite goodness. I purpose, with the +assistance of Thy grace, nevermore to offend Thee; and at this moment, +miserable as I am, I consecrate my whole being to Thee. I give Thee my +entire will, all my affections and desires, and all that I have. From +this day forward, do what Thou wilt with me and with whatsoever belongs +to me. I ask and desire only Thy holy love, the gift of final +perseverance, and the perfect accomplishment of Thy will. I recommend to +Thee the souls in purgatory, particularly those who were most devoted to +the Blessed Sacrament and to most holy Mary; and I also recommend to +Thee all poor sinners. Finally, my dear Saviour, I unite all my +affections with the affections of Thy most loving Heart; and thus united +I offer them to Thy eternal Father, and I entreat Him, in Thy name and +for Thy sake, to accept them. + +Indulgence. (1) 300 days, every time this prayer is said before the +Blessed Sacrament. (2) A plenary indulgence, once a month, for saying it +every day for a month; under the usual conditions. (Pius IX, Sept. 7, +1854.) + + + +An Act of Oblation to the Sacred Heart + +DIVINE Heart of my Jesus! I adore Thee with all the powers of my soul, +which I consecrate to Thee for ever, with my thoughts, my words, my +works, and my whole self. I purpose to offer to Thee, as far as I can, +acts of adoration, love, and glory, like unto those which Thou offerest +to Thy eternal Father. Be Thou, I beseech Thee, the repairer of my +transgressions, the protector of my life, my refuge and asylum in the +hour of death. By Thy sighs, and by that sea of bitterness in which Thou +wast plunged for me throughout Thy whole mortal life, grant me true +contrition for my sins, contempt of earthly things, a burning desire of +eternal glory, trust in Thy infinite merits, and final perseverance in +Thy grace. + +Heart of Jesus, all love! I offer Thee these humble prayers for myself +and for all who unite with me in spirit to adore Thee. Vouchsafe out of +Thy great goodness to hear and answer them, chiefly for that one among +us who will first end this mortal life. Sweet Heart of Jesus! pour into +his heart, in his death agony, Thine inward consolations; receive him +within Thy sacred wound; cleanse him from all stains in that furnace of +love, so that Thou mayest soon open to him the gates of Thy eternal +glory, there to intercede with Thee for all those who tarry yet in this +land of exile. + +Most holy Heart of my most loving Jesus! For myself, a wretched sinner, +and for all who unite with me in adoring Thee, I purpose to renew and +offer to Thee these acts of adoration and these prayers at every moment +and to the last instant of my life. I recommend to Thee, my Jesus, our +holy Church, Thy well-beloved spouse and our true mother; the souls who +are following the path of justice, poor sinners, the afflicted, the +dying, all men on the face of the entire earth. Let not Thy blood be +shed in vain for them; and vouchsafe, lastly, to apply it for the relief +of the souls in purgatory, and above all, for those who in life were +foremost in their devotion to Thee. + +Most loving heart of Mary, which, amongst the hearts of all God's +creatures, is at once the purest and the most inflamed with love for +Jesus, and the most compassionate toward us poor sinners, obtain for us +from the Heart of Jesus, our Redeemer, all graces which we ask of thee. +Mother of mercies, one throb, a single beat of thy burning heart, +offered by thee to the Heart of Jesus, has power to console us to the +full. Grant us, then, this favor. And then the Heart of Jesus, through +the filial love He had for thee, and will ever have, will not fail to +hear and answer our request. Amen. + +DAILY OFFERING + +O LORD Jesus Christ! In union with that divine intention, with which +Thou, whilst on earth, didst give praise to God through Thy most sacred +Heart, and which Thou dost still everywhere offer to Him in the Holy +Eucharist, even to the consummation of the world; I, in imitation of the +most sacred heart of the ever-immaculate Virgin Mary, do most cheerfully +offer to Thee, during this entire day, all my thoughts and intentions, +all my affections and desires, my words and all my works. + +Indulgence. 100 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, Dec. 19, 1885.) + +_Ejaculation_ + +Jesus, meek and humble of heart, make my heart like unto Thine! + +Indulgence. 300 days, once a day. (Pius IX, January 25, 1858.) + + + +PRAYERS TO JESUS SUFFERING + +The Stations of the Cross + +PREPARATORY PRAYER + +MOST merciful Jesus! With a contrite heart and penitent spirit I bow +down in profound humility before Thy divine majesty. I adore Thee as my +supreme Lord and master; I believe in Thee, I hope in Thee, I love Thee +above all things. I am heartily sorry for having offended Thee, my +supreme and only good. I resolve to amend my life; and though I am +unworthy to obtain mercy, yet the sight of Thy holy cross, on which Thou +didst die, inspires me with hope and consolation. I will therefore +meditate on Thy sufferings, and visit the stations of Thy passion in +company with Thy sorrowful Mother and my guardian angel, with the +intention of promoting Thy glory and saving my soul. + +I desire to gain all the indulgences granted for this exercise, for +myself and for the suffering souls in purgatory. O merciful Redeemer, +who hast said; "And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all +things to myself," draw my heart and my love to Thee, that I may perform +this devotion as perfectly as possible, and that I may live and die in +union with Thee. Amen. + +_Before Every Station_ + +We adore Thee, O Christ, and praise Thee: Because by Thy holy cross Thou +hast redeemed the world. + +_After Every Station_ + +Lord Jesus, crucified: Have mercy on us. + + +First Station + +JESUS IS CONDEMNED TO DEATH + +JESUS, most innocent, who neither did nor could commit sin, was +condemned to death, and, moreover, to the ignominious death of the +cross. To remain a friend of Caesar, Pilate delivered Him to His +enemies. A fearful crime--to condemn innocence to death, and to offend +God, in order not to displease men. + +_Prayer_ + +O INNOCENT Jesus, having sinned I am guilty of eternal death, but Thou +dost willingly accept the unjust sentence of death, that I might live. +For whom, then, shall I henceforth live, if not for Thee, my Lord? +Should I desire to please men, I could not be Thy servant. Let me, +therefore, rather displease men and all the world than not please Thee, +O Jesus. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +Second Station + +JESUS CARRIES HIS CROSS + +ON BEHOLDING the cross, our divine Saviour most willingly stretched out +His bleeding arms, lovingly embraced it, tenderly kissed it, and placing +it on His bruised shoulder, despite His exhaustion joyfully carried it. + +_Prayer_ + +O MY Jesus, I can not be Thy friend and follower if I refuse to carry +the cross. O dearly beloved cross, I embrace thee, I kiss thee, I +rejoice to receive thee from the hands of God. Far be it from me to +glory in anything save in the cross of my Lord and Redeemer. By it the +world shall be crucified to me, and I to the world, that I may be Thine +for ever. + +Our Father, etc. Hail, Mary, etc + + +Third Station + +JESUS FALLS THE FIRST TIME + +OUR dear Saviour carrying the cross was so weakened by its heavy weight +as to fall exhausted to the ground. Our sins and misdeeds were the heavy +burden which oppressed Him; the cross was to Him light and sweet, but +our sins were galling and insupportable. + +_Prayer_ + +O MY Jesus! Thou didst bear my burden and the heavy weight of my sins. +Should I, then, not bear in union with Thee my easy burden of suffering +and accept the sweet yoke of Thy commandments? Thy yoke is sweet and Thy +burden light; I therefore willingly accept it. I will take up Thy cross +and follow Thee. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc, + + +Fourth Station + +JESUS MEETS HIS AFFLICTED MOTHER + +HOW painful and how sad it must have been for Mary, the sorrowful +Mother, to behold her beloved Son laden with the burden of the cross! +What unspeakable pangs her most tender heart experienced! How earnestly +she yearned to die instead of, or at least with, Jesus! Implore this +sorrowful Mother that she assist you in the hour of your death. + +_Prayer_ + +O JESUS, O Mary! I am the cause of the great and manifold pains which +pierce your loving hearts. O that my heart also would feel and +experience at least some of your sufferings! O Mother of sorrows, let me +participate in the sufferings which thou and thy Son endured for me, and +let me experience thy sorrow, that, afflicted with thee, I may enjoy thy +assistance in the hour of my death. + +[Illustration: The Immaculate Conception.] + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +Fifth Station + +SIMON OF CYRENE HELPS JESUS TO CARRY THE CROSS + +SIMON of Cyrene was compelled to help Jesus carry His cross, and Jesus +accepted His assistance. How willingly He would permit you also to carry +the cross! He calls you, but you hear Him not; He invites you, but you +decline. What a reproach, to bear the cross reluctantly! + +_Prayer_ + +O JESUS! Whosoever does not take up His cross and follow Thee is not +worthy of Thee. Behold, I join Thee in the way of Thy cross; I will be +Thy assistant, following Thy footsteps, that I may come to Thee in +eternal life. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +Sixth Station + +VERONICA WIPES THE FACE OF JESUS + +IMPELLED by devotion and compassion, Veronica presents her veil to Jesus +to wipe His disfigured face. And Jesus imprints on it His holy +countenance; a great recompense for so slight a service. What return do +you make to your Saviour for His great and manifold benefits? + +_Prayer_ + +MOST merciful Jesus! What return shall I make for all the benefits Thou +didst bestow on me? Behold, I consecrate myself entirely to Thy service. +I offer and consecrate to Thee my heart. Imprint upon it Thy sacred +image, never to be effaced again by sin. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +Seventh Station + +JESUS FALLS THE SECOND TIME + +JESUS, suffering under the weight of His cross, again falls to the +ground; but His cruel executioners do not permit Him to rest a moment. +Pushing and striking Him, they urge Him onward. It is the frequent +repetition of our sins which oppresses Jesus. Witnessing this, how can I +continue to sin? + +_Prayer_ + +O JESUS, son of David, have mercy on me! Offer me Thy helping hand, and +aid me that I may not fall again into my former sins. From this very +moment I will earnestly strive to reform; nevermore will I sin. Do Thou, +O sole support of the weak, by Thy grace, without which I can do +nothing, strengthen me to carry out faithfully this my resolution. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +Eighth Station + +THE DAUGHTERS OF JERUSALEM WEEP OVER JESUS + +THESE devoted women, moved by compassion, weep over the suffering +Saviour. But He turns to them, saying, "Weep not for Me, who am +innocent, but weep for yourselves and for your children." Weep thou +also; for there is nothing more pleasing to Our Lord, and nothing more +profitable for thyself, than tears shed from contrition for thy sins. + +_Prayer_ + +O JESUS, who shall give to my eyes a torrent of tears, that day and +night I may weep for my sins? I beseech Thee through Thy bloody tears to +move my heart by Thy divine grace, so that from my eyes tears may flow +abundantly, and I may weep all days over Thy sufferings, and still more +over their cause, my sins. + +Our Father, etc. Hail, Mary, etc. + + +Ninth Station + +JESUS FALLS THE THIRD TIME + +JESUS, arriving exhausted at the foot of Calvary, falls for the third +time to the ground. His love for us is not exhausted, not diminished. +What a fearfully oppressive burden our sins must be to cause Jesus to +fall so often! Had He, however, not taken them upon Himself, they would +have plunged us into the abyss of hell. + +_Prayer_ + +MOST merciful Jesus! I return Thee infinite thanks for not permitting me +to continue in sin, and to fall, as I have so often deserved, into the +depths of hell. Enkindle in me an earnest desire of amendment. Let me +never again relapse, but vouchsafe me Thy grace to persevere to the end +of my life. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +Tenth Station + +JESUS IS STRIPPED OF HIS GARMENTS + +AFTER arriving on Calvary, our Saviour was cruelly despoiled of His +garments. How painful must this have been, because they adhered to His +wounded and torn body, and with them parts of His bloody skin were +removed! All the wounds of Jesus are renewed. He is despoiled of His +garments that He might die possessed of nothing. How happy shall I die +after laying aside my former self with all evil inclinations and +desires! + +_Prayer_ + +INDUCE me, O Jesus! to lay aside my former self, and to be renewed +according to Thy will and desire. I will not spare myself, however +painful this should be for me; despoiled of things temporal, of my own +will, I desire to die, in order to live for Thee for ever. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +Eleventh Station + +JESUS IS NAILED TO THE CROSS + +JESUS, being stripped of His garments, was violently thrown upon the +cross, and His hands and feet were most cruelly nailed thereto. In such +excruciating torments He remained silent, because it thus pleased His +heavenly Father. He suffered patiently because He suffered for us. How +do I act in suffering and affliction? How fretful and impatient, how +full of complaints I am! + +_Prayer_ + +O JESUS, gracious Lamb of God! I renounce for ever my impatience. +Crucify, O Lord, my flesh and its concupiscences. Scorch, scathe, and +punish me in this world; do but spare me in the next! I commit my +destiny to Thee, resigning myself to Thy holy will; may it be done in +all things. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +Twelfth Station + +JESUS IS RAISED UPON THE CROSS, AND DIES + +BEHOLD Jesus crucified! Behold the wounds He received for the love of +you! His whole appearance betokens love. His head is bent to kiss you; +His arms are extended to embrace you; His Heart is open to receive you. +O superabundance of love! Jesus, the Son of God dies that man may live +and be delivered from everlasting death. + +_Prayer_ + +O MOST amiable Jesus! Who will grant me that I may die for love of Thee? +I will at least endeavor to die to the world. How must I regard the +world and its vanities, when I behold Thee hanging on the cross, covered +with wounds? O Jesus, receive me into Thy wounded Heart; I belong +entirely to Thee; for Thee alone do I desire to live and to die. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc + + +Thirteenth Station + +JESUS IS TAKEN DOWN FROM THE CROSS, AND PLACED IN THE ARMS OF HIS MOTHER + +JESUS did not descend from the cross, but remained on it till after His +death. And when taken down from it, He, in death as in life, rested on +the bosom of His Mother. Persevere in your resolutions of reform, and do +not part from the cross; he that persevereth to the end shall be saved. +Consider, moreover, how pure the heart should be that receives the body +and blood of Christ in the adorable Sacrament of the Altar. + +_Prayer_ + +O LORD Jesus! Thy lifeless body, mangled and torn, found a worthy +resting-place on the bosom of Thy virgin Mother. Have I not compelled +Thee often to dwell in my heart, full of sin and impurity as it was? +Create in me a new heart, that I may worthily receive Thy most sacred +body in holy communion, and that Thou mayest remain in me, and I in +Thee, for all eternity. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc + + +Fourteenth Station + +JESUS IS LAID IN THE SEPULCHER + +THE body of Jesus is laid in a stranger's tomb. He who in this world had +not whereupon to rest His head, would not even have a grave of His own, +because He was not of this world. You, who are so attached to the world, +henceforth despise it, that you may not perish with it. + +_Prayer_ + +O JESUS, Thou hast set me apart from the world; what, then, shall I seek +therein? Thou hast created me for heaven; what, then, have I to do with +the world? Depart from me, deceitful world, with Thy vanities! +Henceforth I will follow the way of the cross traced out for me by my +Redeemer, and journey onward to my heavenly home, there to dwell for +ever and ever. + +Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc. + + +CONCLUSION + +ALMIGHTY and eternal God, merciful Father, who hast given to the human +race Thy beloved Son as an example of humility, obedience, and patience, +to precede us on the way of life, bearing the cross; graciously grant, +that we, inflamed by His infinite love, may take up the sweet yoke of +His Gospel, together with the mortification of the cross, following Him +as His true disciples, so that we shall one day rise gloriously with +Him, and joyfully hear the final sentence: "Come, ye blessed of my +Father, and possess the kingdom which has been prepared for you from the +beginning," where Thou reignest with the Father and the Holy Ghost, and +where we hope to reign with Thee throughout all eternity. Amen. + + + +Prayer to Our Suffering Redeemer + +O MY Lord Jesus Christ! Who, to redeem the world, didst vouchsafe to be +born amongst men, to be circumcised, to be rejected and persecuted by +the Jews, to be betrayed by the traitor Judas with a kiss, and as a +lamb, gentle and innocent, to be bound with cords and dragged, in scorn, +before the tribunals of Annas, Caiphas, Pilate, and Herod; who didst +suffer Thyself to be accused by false witnesses, to be torn by the +scourge and overwhelmed with ignominy; to be spit upon, to be crowned +with thorns, buffeted, struck with a reed, blindfolded, stripped of Thy +garments; to be nailed to the cross and raised on it between two +thieves; to be given gall and vinegar to drink, and to be pierced with a +lance; do Thou, O Lord, by these Thy most sacred pains, which I, all +unworthy, call to mind, and by Thy holy cross and death, save me from +the pains of hell, and vouchsafe to bring me whither Thou didst bring +the good thief who was crucified with Thee, who with the Father and the +Holy Ghost, livest and reignest God, for ever and ever. Amen. + +Our Father, Hail Mary, and Glory be to the Father, etc., five times. + +Indulgence. (1) 300 days, once a day. (2) A plenary indulgence, under +the usual conditions, on any one of the last three days of the month, +after saying this prayer daily for a month. (Pius VII, August 25, 1820.) + + + +Prayer to the Blessed Virgin Mary + +(_By St. Alphonsus._) + +MOST holy and immaculate virgin, O my Mother, thou who art the Mother of +my Lord, the queen of the world, the advocate, hope, and refuge of +sinners! I, the most wretched among them, come now to thee. I venerate +thee, great queen, and give thee thanks for the many favors thou hast +bestowed on me in the past. Most of all do I thank thee for having saved +me from hell, which I so often deserved. I love thee, Lady most worthy +of love, and by the love which I bear thee I promise ever in the future +to serve thee, and to do what in me lies to win others to thy love. In +thee I put all my trust, all my hope of salvation. Receive me as thy +servant, and cover me with the mantle of thy protection, thou who art +the Mother of mercy! And since thou hast so much power with God, deliver +me from all temptations, or at least obtain for me the grace ever to +overcome them. From thee I ask a true love of Jesus Christ, and the +grace of a happy death. O my Mother, by thy love for God I beseech thee +to be at all times my helper, but above all at the last moment of my +life. Leave me not until thou seest me safely in heaven, there for +endless ages to bless thee and sing thy praises. Amen. + +Indulgence, (1) 300 days, every time. (2) A plenary indulgence, once a +month, for having said it daily during the month; under the usual +conditions. (Pius IX, Sept. 7, 1854.) + + + +Prayer for All Things Necessary for Salvation + +O MY God! I believe in Thee; do Thou strengthen my faith. All my hopes +are in Thee; do Thou secure them. I love Thee with my whole heart; teach +me to love Thee more and more. I am sorry that I have offended Thee; do +Thou increase my sorrow. I adore Thee as my first beginning; I aspire +after Thee as my last end. I give Thee thanks as my constant benefactor; +I call upon Thee as my sovereign protector. Vouchsafe, O my God, to +conduct me by Thy wisdom, to restrain me by Thy justice, to comfort me +by Thy mercy, to defend me by Thy power. To Thee I desire to consecrate +all my thoughts, my actions, and my sufferings, that I henceforward may +think only of Thee, speak only of Thee, and ever refer all my actions to +Thy greater glory, and suffer willingly whatever Thou shalt appoint. O +Lord, I desire that in all things Thy will be done, because it is Thy +will, and in the manner that Thou willest. I beg of Thee to enlighten my +understanding, to inflame my will, to purify my body, and to sanctify my +soul. Give me strength, O my God, to expiate my offenses, to overcome my +temptations, to subdue my passions, to acquire the virtues proper for my +state. Fill my heart with tender affection for Thy goodness, a hatred of +my faults, a love for my neighbor, and a contempt for the world. Let me +always be submissive to my superiors, condescending to my inferiors, +faithful to my friends, and charitable to my enemies. Assist me to +overcome sensuality by mortification, avarice by almsdeeds, anger by +meekness, and tepidity by zeal. O my God, make me prudent in my +undertakings, courageous in dangers, patient in affliction, and humble +in prosperity. Grant that I may be ever attentive at my prayers, +temperate at my meals, diligent in my employments, and constant in my +resolutions. Let my conscience be ever upright and pure, my exterior +modest, my conversation edifying, my comportment regular. Assist me, +that I may continually labor to overcome nature, correspond with Thy +grace, keep Thy commandments, and work out my salvation. Discover to me, +O my God, the nothingness of this world, the greatness of heaven, the +shortness of time, the length of eternity. Grant that I may be prepared +for death, fear Thy judgments, escape hell, and, in the end, obtain +heaven. + +All that I have asked for myself I confidently ask for others; for my +family, my relations, my benefactors, my friends, and also for my +enemies. I ask it for the whole Church, for all the orders of which it +is composed; more especially for our Holy Father, the Pope; for our +bishop, for our pastors, and for all who are in authority; also for all +those for whom Thou desirest that I should pray. Give them, O Lord, all +that Thou knowest to be conducive to Thy glory and necessary for their +salvation. Strengthen the just in virtue, convert sinners, enlighten +infidels, heretics, and schismatics; console the afflicted, give to the +faithful departed rest and eternal life; that together we may praise, +love, and bless Thee for all eternity. Amen. + + + +The Four Approved Litanies + + + +Litany of the Most Holy Name of Jesus + + LORD, have mercy on us. + Christ, have mercy on us. + Lord, have mercy on us. + Jesus, hear us. + Jesus, graciously hear us. + God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us. + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on us. + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us. + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us. + Jesus, Son of the living God, have mercy on us. + Jesus, splendor of the Father, have mercy on us. + Jesus, brightness of eternal light, have mercy on us. + Jesus, king of glory, have mercy on us. + Jesus, sun of justice, have mercy on us. + Jesus, Son of the Virgin Mary, have mercy on us. + Jesus amiable, have mercy on us. + Jesus admirable, have mercy on us. + Jesus, powerful God, have mercy on us. + Jesus, Father of the world to come, have mercy on us. + Jesus, angel of the great council, have mercy on us. + Jesus most powerful, have mercy on us. + Jesus most patient, have mercy on us. + Jesus most obedient, have mercy on us. + Jesus meek and humble of heart, have mercy on us. + Jesus, lover of chastity, have mercy on us. + Jesus, lover of us, have mercy on us. + Jesus, God of peace, have mercy on us. + Jesus, author of life, have mercy on us. + Jesus, model of all virtues, have mercy on us. + Jesus, zealous for souls, have mercy on us. + Jesus, our God, have mercy on us. + Jesus, our refuge, have mercy on us. + Jesus, father of the poor, have mercy on us. + Jesus, treasure of the faithful, have mercy on us. + Jesus, good shepherd, have mercy on us. + Jesus, true light, have mercy on us. + Jesus, eternal wisdom, have mercy on us. + Jesus, infinite goodness, have mercy on us. + Jesus, our way and our life, have mercy on us. + Jesus, joy of angels, have mercy on us. + Jesus, king of patriarchs, have mercy on us. + Jesus, master of the apostles, have mercy on us. + Jesus, teacher of the evangelists, have mercy on us. + Jesus, strength of martyrs, have mercy on us. + Jesus, light of confessors, have mercy on us. + Jesus, purity of virgins, have mercy on us. + Jesus, crown of all saints, have mercy on us. + Be merciful, spare us, O Jesus. + Be merciful, graciously hear us, O Jesus. + From all evil, deliver us, O Jesus. + From all sin, deliver us, O Jesus. + From Thy wrath, deliver us, O Jesus. + From the snares of the devil, deliver us, O Jesus. + From the spirit of fornication, deliver us, O Jesus. + From eternal death, deliver us, O Jesus. + From the neglect of Thy inspirations, deliver us, O Jesus. + By the mystery of Thy holy incarnation, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy nativity, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy infancy, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy most divine life, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy labors, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy agony and passion, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy cross and dereliction, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy languors, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy death and burial, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy resurrection, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy ascension, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy joys, deliver us, O Jesus. + By Thy glory, deliver us, O Jesus. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Spare us, O Jesus. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Graciously hear +us, O Jesus. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Have mercy on us, +O Jesus. + Jesus, hear us. + Jesus, graciously hear us. + +_Let us pray_ + +O LORD Jesus Christ, who hast said: Ask, and ye shall receive; seek, and +ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you: mercifully attend +to our supplications, and grant us the gift of Thy divine charity, that +we may ever love Thee with our whole hearts, and never desist from Thy +praise. + +Give us, O Lord, a perpetual fear and love of Thy holy name, for Thou +never ceasest to direct and govern by Thy grace those whom Thou +instructest in the solidity of Thy love; who livest and reignest world +without end. Amen. + +Indulgence. 300 days, once a day. (Leo XIII, January 16, 1886.) + +[Illustration: The Children's Offering.] + + + +Litany of the Sacred Heart of Jesus + +(_Approved by Pope Leo XIII, April 2, 1899._) + + LORD, have mercy on us. + Christ, have mercy on us. + Lord, have mercy on us. + Christ, hear us. + Christ, graciously hear us. + God, the Father of heaven, have mercy on us. + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on us. + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us. + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, Son of the eternal Father, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, formed by the Holy Ghost in the womb of the Virgin +Mother, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, substantially united to the Word of God, have mercy on +us. + Heart of Jesus, of infinite majesty, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, sacred temple of God, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, tabernacle of the Most High, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, house of God and gate of heaven, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, burning furnace of charity, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, abode of justice and love, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, full of goodness and love, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, abyss of all virtues, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, most worthy of all praise, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, king and center of all hearts, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, in whom are all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge, +have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, in whom dwells the fulness of divinity, have mercy on +us. + Heart of Jesus, in whom the Father was well pleased, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, of whose fulness we have all received, have mercy on +us. + Heart of Jesus, desire of the everlasting hills, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, patient and most merciful, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, enriching all who invoke Thee, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, fountain of life and holiness, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, propitiation for our sins, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, loaded down with opprobrium, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, bruised for our offences, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, obedient unto death, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, pierced with a lance, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, source of all consolation, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, our life and resurrection, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, our peace and reconciliation, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, victim for sin, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, salvation of those who trust in thee, have mercy on +us. + Heart of Jesus, hope of those who die in Thee, have mercy on us. + Heart of Jesus, delight of all the saints, have mercy on us. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Spare us, O Lord. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Graciously hear +us, O Lord. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Have mercy on us, +O Lord. + V. Jesus, meek and humble of Heart: + R. Make our hearts like unto Thine. + +_Let us pray_ + +O ALMIGHTY and eternal God! Look upon the Heart of Thy dearly beloved +Son, and upon the praise and satisfaction He offers Thee in the name of +sinners and of those who seek Thy mercy; be Thou appeased, and grant us +pardon in the name of the same Jesus Christ, Thy Son; who liveth and +reigneth with Thee, in the unity of the Holy Ghost, world without end. +Amen. + +Indulgence. 300 days. (Leo XIII, April 2, 1899.) + + + +The Litany of Loreto + +_In Honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary_ + + LORD, have mercy on us, + Christ, have mercy on us. + Lord, have mercy on us, + Christ, hear us. + Christ, graciously hear us. + God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us. + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on us. + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us. + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us. + Holy Mary, pray for us. + Holy Mother of God, pray for us. + Holy Virgin of virgins, pray for us. + Mother of Christ, pray for us. + Mother of divine grace, pray for us. + Mother most pure, pray for us. + Mother most chaste, pray for us. + Mother inviolate, pray for us. + Mother undefiled, pray for us. + Mother most amiable, pray for us. + Mother most admirable, pray for us. + Mother of good counsel, pray for us. + Mother of our Creator, pray for us. + Mother of our Redeemer, pray for us. + Virgin most prudent, pray for us. + Virgin most venerable, pray for us. + Virgin most renowned, pray for us. + Virgin most powerful, pray for us. + Virgin most merciful, pray for us. + Virgin most faithful, pray for us. + Mirror of justice, pray for us. + Seat of wisdom, pray for us. + Cause of our joy, pray for us. + Spiritual vessel, pray for us. + Vessel of honor, pray for us. + Singular vessel of devotion, pray for us. + Mystical rose, pray for us. + Tower of David, pray for us. + Tower of ivory, pray for us. + House of gold, pray for us. + Ark of the covenant, pray for us. + Gate of heaven, pray for us. + Morning star, pray for us. + Health of the sick, pray for us. + Refuge of sinners, pray for us. + Comforter of the afflicted, pray for us. + Help of Christians, pray for us. + Queen of angels, pray for us. + Queen of patriarchs, pray for us. + Queen of prophets, pray for us. + Queen of apostles, pray for us. + Queen of martyrs, pray for us. + Queen of confessors, pray for us. + Queen of virgins, pray for us. + Queen of all saints, pray for us. + Queen conceived without original sin, pray for us. + Queen of the most holy rosary, pray for us. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Spare us, O Lord. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Graciously hear +us, O Lord. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Have mercy on us, +O Lord. + V. Pray for us, O holy Mother of God: + R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ. + +_Let us pray_ + +POUR forth, we beseech Thee, O Lord, Thy grace into our hearts, that we, +to whom the incarnation of Christ Thy Son was made known by the message +of an angel, may by His passion and cross be brought to the glory of His +resurrection. Through the same Christ our Lord. Amen. + + V. Pray for us, O holy Mother of God. + R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ. + +_Let us pray_ + +VOUCHSAFE, O Lord, that we may be helped by the merits of Thy most holy +Mother's spouse; that what of ourselves we can not obtain may be given +us through his intercession. Who livest and reignest, world without end. +Amen. + +Indulgence. (1) 300 days, every time. (2) A plenary indulgence on the +following five feasts of the Blessed Virgin: Immaculate Conception, +Nativity, Purification, Annunciation, and Assumption; under the usual +conditions, to all who shall have said it daily during the year. (Pius +VII, September 30, 1817.) These indulgences are granted for the litany +alone; hence the prayers following it may be omitted. + + + +Litany of the Saints + + LORD, have mercy on us. + Christ, have mercy on us. + Lord, have mercy on us. + Christ, hear us. + Christ, graciously hear us. + God the Father of heaven, have mercy on us. + God the Son, Redeemer of the world, have mercy on us. + God the Holy Ghost, have mercy on us. + Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us. + Holy Mary, pray for us. + Holy Mother of God, pray for us. + Holy Virgin of virgins, pray for us. + St. Michael, pray for us. + St. Gabriel, pray for us. + St. Raphael, pray for us. + All ye holy angels and archangels, pray for us. + All ye holy orders of blessed spirits, pray for us. + St. John Baptist, pray for us. + St. Joseph, pray for us. + All ye holy patriarchs and prophets, pray for us. + St. Peter, pray for us. + St. Paul, pray for us. + St. Andrew, pray for us. + St. James, pray for us. + St. John, pray for us. + St. Thomas, pray for us. + St. James, pray for us. + St. Philip, pray for us. + St. Bartholomew, pray for us. + St. Matthew, pray for us. + St. Simon, pray for us. + St. Thaddaeus, pray for us. + St. Mathias, pray for us. + St. Barnabas, pray for us. + St. Luke, pray for us. + St. Mark, pray for us. + All ye holy apostles and evangelists, pray for us. + All ye holy disciples of Our Lord, pray for us. + All ye holy innocents, pray for us. + St. Stephen, pray for us. + St. Lawrence, pray for us. + St. Vincent, pray for us. + SS. Fabian and Sebastian, pray for us. + SS. John and Paul, pray for us. + SS. Cosmas and Damian, pray for us. + SS. Gervaise and Protaise, pray for us. + All ye holy martyrs, pray for us. + St. Sylvester, pray for us. + St. Gregory, pray for us. + St. Ambrose, pray for us. + St. Augustine, pray for us. + St. Jerome, pray for us. + St. Martin, pray for us. + St. Nicholas, pray for us. + All ye holy bishops and confessors, pray for us. + All ye holy doctors, pray for us. + St. Anthony, pray for us. + St. Benedict, pray for us. + St. Bernard, pray for us. + St. Dominic, pray for us. + St. Francis, pray for us. + All ye holy priests and levites, pray for us. + All ye holy monks and hermits, pray for us. + St. Mary Magdalen, pray for us. + St. Agatha, pray for us. + St. Lucy, pray for us. + St. Agnes, pray for us. + St. Cecilia, pray for us. + St. Catherine, pray for us. + St. Anastasia, pray for us. + All ye holy virgins and widows, pray for us. + All ye men and women, saints of God: Make intercession for us. + Be merciful: Spare us, O Lord. + Be merciful: Graciously hear us, O Lord. + From all evil, O Lord, deliver us. + From all sin, O Lord, deliver us. + From a sudden and unprovided death, O Lord, deliver us. + From the snares of the devil, O Lord, deliver us. + From anger, hatred, and ill will, O Lord, deliver us. + From the spirit of fornication, O Lord, deliver us. + From lightning and tempest, O Lord, deliver us. + From the scourge of earthquake, O Lord, deliver us. + From pestilence, famine, and war, O Lord, deliver us. + From everlasting death, O Lord, deliver us. + Through the mystery of Thy holy incarnation, O Lord, deliver us. + Through Thy coming, O Lord, deliver us. + Through Thy nativity, O Lord, deliver us. + Through Thy baptism and holy fasting, O Lord, deliver us. + Through Thy cross and passion, O Lord, deliver us. + Through Thy death and burial, O Lord, deliver us. + Through Thy holy resurrection, O Lord, deliver us. + Through Thy admirable ascension, O Lord, deliver us. + Through the coming of the Holy Ghost, the Comforter, O Lord, deliver +us. + In the Day of Judgment, O Lord, deliver us. + We sinners, Beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou spare us, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou pardon us, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe to bring us to true penance, we beseech Thee, hear +us. + That Thou vouchsafe to govern and preserve Thy holy Church, we beseech +Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe to preserve our apostolic prelate and all +ecclesiastical orders in holy religion, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe to humble the enemies of Thy holy Church, we +beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe to give peace and true concord to Christian kings +and princes, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe to grant peace and unity to all Christian people, +we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe to confirm and preserve us in Thy holy service, we +beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou lift up our minds to heavenly desires, we beseech Thee, hear +us. + That Thou render eternal good things to all our benefactors, we +beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou deliver our souls and those of our brethren, kinsfolk, and +benefactors from eternal damnation, we beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe to give and preserve the fruits of the earth, we +beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe eternal rest to all the faithful departed, we +beseech Thee, hear us. + That Thou vouchsafe graciously to hear us, we beseech Thee, hear us. + Son of God, we beseech Thee, hear us. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Spare us, O Lord. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Graciously hear +us, O Lord. + Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world: Have mercy on us, +O Lord. + Christ, hear us. + Christ, graciously hear us. + Lord, have mercy on us. + Christ, have mercy on us. + Lord, have mercy on us. + Our Father, etc. + V. And lead us not into temptation. + R. But deliver us from evil. + +PSALM LXIX + + INCLINE unto my aid, O God: O Lord, make haste to help me. + Let them be confounded and ashamed: that seek after my soul. + Let them be turned backward and blush for shame: that desire evils +unto me. + Let them be presently turned away blushing for shame, that say to me: +Tis well, 'tis well. + Let all that seek Thee rejoice and be glad in Thee: and let such as +love Thy salvation say always, The Lord be magnified. + But I am needy and poor: O God, help Thou me. + Thou art my helper and my deliverer: O Lord, make no delay. + Glory be to the Father, etc. + V. Save Thy servants: + R. Trusting in Thee, O my God. + V. Be unto us, O God, a tower of strength: + R. From the face of the enemy. + V. Let not the enemy prevail against us: + R. Nor the son of iniquity have power to hurt us. + V. O Lord, deal not with us according to our sins: + R. Neither reward us according to our iniquities. + V. Let us pray for our chief bishop, N. + R. The Lord preserve him, and give him life, and make him blessed upon +earth, and deliver him not up to the will of his enemies. + V. Let us pray for our benefactors: + R. Vouchsafe, O Lord, for Thy name's sake, to reward with eternal life +all those who have done us good. + V. Let us pray for the faithful departed: + R. Eternal rest give to them, O Lord, and let perpetual light shine +upon them. + V. May they rest in peace. + R. Amen. + V. For our absent brethren: + R. O my God, save Thy servants trusting in Thee. + V. Send them help, O Lord, from Thy holy place: + R. And from Sion protect them. + V. O Lord, hear my prayer: + R. And let my cry come unto Thee. + +_Let us pray_ + +O GOD, whose property it is always to have mercy and to spare, receive +our petitions, that we, and all Thy servants who are bound by the chain +of sin, may, in the compassion of Thy goodness, mercifully be absolved. + +Hear, we beseech Thee, O Lord, the prayer of Thy suppliants, and pardon +the sins of them that confess to Thee, that of Thy bounty Thou mayest +grant us pardon and peace. + +Out of Thy clemency, O Lord, show Thy unspeakable mercy to us, that so +Thou mayest both acquit us of our sins and deliver us from the +punishment we deserve for them. + +O God, who by sin art offended and by penance pacified, mercifully +regard the prayers of Thy people who make supplication to Thee, and turn +away the scourges of Thy anger, which we deserve for our sins. + +O almighty and eternal God, have mercy on Thy servant N., our chief +bishop, and direct him, according to Thy clemency, in the way of +everlasting salvation, that, by Thy grace, he may desire the things that +are agreeable to Thy will, and perform them with all his strength. + +O God, from whom all holy desires, righteous counsels, and just works do +come, give to Thy servants that peace which the world can not give; +that, our hearts being disposed to keep Thy commandments, and the fear +of enemies being taken away, the times, by Thy protection, may be +peaceable. + +Inflame, O Lord, our reins and hearts with the fire of the Holy Spirit; +to the end that we may serve Thee with a chaste body, and please Thee +with a clean heart. + +O God, the Creator and Redeemer of all the faithful, give to the souls +of Thy servants departed the remission of all their sins, that by pious +supplications they may obtain the pardon they have always desired. + +Direct, we beseech Thee, O Lord, our actions by Thy holy inspirations, +and carry them on by Thy gracious assistance; that every prayer and work +of ours may always begin from Thee, and by Thee be happily ended. + +Almighty and eternal God, who hast dominion over the living and the +dead, and art merciful to all whom Thou foreknowest shall be Thine by +faith and good works; we humbly beseech Thee that they for whom we have +purposed to offer our prayers, whether this present world still detains +them in the flesh, or the next world has already received them divested +of their bodies, may, by the clemency of Thine own goodness and the +intercession of Thy saints, obtain pardon and full remission of all +their sins. Through Our Lord Jesus Christ, who liveth and reigneth with +Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, world without end. Amen. + + V. O Lord, hear my prayer. + R. And let my cry come unto Thee. + V. May the almighty and merciful Lord graciously hear us. + R. Amen. + V. May the souls of the faithful departed through the mercy of God +rest in peace. + R. Amen. + +[Illustration: Mary, Help of Christians.] + + + +PART VI + +Thoughts and Counsels of the Saints for Every Day of the Year + + +"Every day will I bless Thee, and I will praise Thy name forever" (_Ps._ +cxliv. 2). + + + +Thoughts and Counsels of the Saints for every Day in the Year + + + +January + +1 + +THERE are two guarantees of a wise rule of conduct: the thought before +action, and self-command afterward.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +2 + +When we receive with an entire and perfect resignation the afflictions +which God sends us they become for us favors and benefits; because +conformity to the will of God is a gain far superior to all temporal +advantages.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +3 + +All perfection consists in the love of God; and the perfection of divine +love consists in the union of our will with that of God.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +4 + +Leave to every one the care of what belongs to him, and disturb not +thyself with what is said or done in the world.--ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + +5 + +Place before your eyes as models for imitation, not the weak and +cowardly, but the fervent and courageous.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +6 + +Prayer is a pasturage, a field, wherein all the virtues find their +nourishment, growth, and strength.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +7 + +A single act of resignation to the divine will in what it ordains +contrary to our desires, is of more value than a hundred thousand +successes conformable to our will and taste.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +8 + +The shortest, yea, the only way to reach sanctity, is to conceive a +horror for all that the world loves and values.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +9 + +As long as we are in this mortal life, nothing is more necessary for us +than humility.--ST. TERESA. + +10 + +Learning without humility has always been pernicious to the Church; and +as pride precipitated the rebellious angels from heaven, it frequently +causes the loss of learned men.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +11 + +Why remain sad and idle? Why exhaust thyself in the anguish of +melancholy? Have courage, do violence to thyself; meditate on the +passion of Jesus Christ, and thou shalt overcome thy sorrow.--BL. HENRY +SUSO. + +12 + +Here is the difference between the joys of the world and the cross of +Jesus Christ: after having tasted the first, one is disgusted with them; +and on the contrary, the more one partakes of the cross, the greater the +thirst for it.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +13 + +When the sky is free from clouds we can see more clearly the brightness +of the sun. In like manner, when the soul is free from sin and the gloom +of passion, it participates in the divine light.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +14 + +Our works are of no value if they be not united to the merits of Jesus +Christ.--ST. TERESA. + +15 + +If we are very determined to mortify ourselves and not to be too much +occupied with our corporal health, we will soon, by the grace of God, +become masters of our bodies.--ST. TERESA. + +16 + +In every creature, however small it be, we may see a striking image of +divine wisdom, power, and goodness.--VEN. BARTHOLOMEW OF MARTYRS. + +17 + +Time is but a period. It passes like the lightning flash. Suffering +passes with time; suffering, then, is very short.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +18 + +In order to bear our afflictions with patience, it is very useful to +read the lives and legends of the saints who endured great torments for +Jesus Christ.--ST. TERESA. + +19 + +Open thine ears to the voices of nature, and thou shalt hear them in +concert inviting thee to the love of God.--VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + +20 + +On the feasts of the saints consider their virtues, and beseech God to +deign to adorn you with them.--ST. TERESA. + +21 + +When faith grows weak, all virtues are weakened. When faith is lost, all +virtues are lost--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +22 + +A precious crown is reserved in heaven for those who perform all their +actions with all the diligence of which they are capable; for it is not +sufficient to do our part well; it must be done more than well.--ST. +IGNATIUS. + +23 + +Nothing created has ever been able to fill the heart of man. God alone +can fill it infinitely.--ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + +24 + +We should only make use of life to grow in the love of God.--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +25 + +In vain men try. They can never find in creatures sincere affection, +perfect joy, or true peace.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +26 + +God is supreme strength, fortifying those who place their trust and +confidence in Him.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +27 + +God gives each one of us sufficient grace ever to know His holy will, +and to do it fully.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +28 + +Shun useless conversation. We lose by it both time and the spirit of +devotion.--ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + +29 + +The upright intention is the soul of our actions. It gives them life and +makes them good.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +30 + +The truth of faith alone, deeply graven in the soul, is sufficient to +encourage us to very perfect works; for it strengthens man and increases +his charity.--ST. TERESA. + +31 + +It is folly not to think of death. It is greater folly to think of it, +and not prepare for it.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + + + +February + +1 + +THE most perfect and meritorious intention is that by which, in all our +actions, we have in view only the good pleasure of God and the +accomplishment of His holy will.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +2 + +Mary's sorrow was less when she saw her only Son crucified, than it is +now at the sight of men offending Him by sin.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +3 + +There is nothing more unreasonable than to estimate our worth by the +opinion of others. Today they laud us to the skies, to-morrow they will +cover us with ignominy.--VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + +4 + +Act as if every day were the last of your life, and each action the last +you perform.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +5 + +Perfection consists in renouncing ourselves, in carrying our cross, and +in following Jesus Christ. Now, he who renounces himself most perfectly +carries his cross the best and follows nearest to Jesus Christ is he who +never does his own will, but always that of God.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +6 + +That which would have easily been remedied at first, becomes incurable +by time and habit--ST. IGNATIUS. + +7 + +Among the gifts of grace which the soul receives in holy communion there +is one that must be numbered among the highest. It is, that holy +communion does not permit the soul to remain long in sin, nor to +obstinately persevere in it.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +8 + +Be assured that one great means to find favor when we appear before God +is to have pardoned the injuries we have received here below.--VEN. +LOUIS OF GRANADA. + +9 + +Woe to him who neglects to recommend himself to Mary, and thus closes +the channel of grace!--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +10 + +It is folly to leave your goods where you can never return, and to send +nothing to that place where you must remain for ever.--VEN. LOUIS OF +GRANADA. + +11 + +Discretion is necessary in spiritual life. It is its part to restrain +the exercises in the way of perfection, so as to keep us between the two +extremes.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +12 + +By denying our self-love and our inclinations in little things, we +gradually acquire mortification and victory over ourselves.--ST. TERESA. + +13 + +Should we fall a thousand times in a day, a thousand times we must rise +again, always animated with unbounded confidence in the infinite +goodness of God.--VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + +14 + +God's way in dealing with those whom He intends to admit soonest after +this life into the possession of His everlasting glory, is to purify +them in this world by the greatest afflictions and trials.--ST. +IGNATIUS. + +15 + +After the flower comes the fruit: we receive, as the reward of our +fatigues, an increase of grace in this world, and in the next the +eternal vision of God.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +16 + +God refuses no one the gift of prayer. By it we obtain the help that we +need to overcome disorderly desires and temptations of all kinds.--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +17 + +To establish ourselves in a virtue it is necessary to form good and +practical resolutions to perform certain and determined acts of that +virtue, and we must, moreover, be faithful in executing them.--ST. +VINCENT DE PAUL. + +18 + +Love ought to consist of deeds more than of words.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +19 + +There are many things which seem to us misfortunes and which we call +such; but if we understood the designs of God we would call them +graces.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +20 + +Let us abandon everything to the merciful providence of God.--BL. ALBERT +THE GREAT. + +21 + +Jesus Christ, our great Model, suffered much for us; let us bear our +afflictions cheerfully, seeing that through them we have the happiness +of resembling Him.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +22 + +Remember that virtue is a very high and rugged mountain, difficult to +ascend, and requiring much fatigue and exertion before we arrive at the +summit to rest.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +23 + +Labor to conquer yourself. This victory will assure you a brighter crown +in heaven than they gain whose disposition is more amiable.--ST. +IGNATIUS. + +24 + +We should not examine articles of faith with a curious and subtle +spirit. It is sufficient for us to know that the Church proposes them. +We can never be deceived in believing them.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +25 + +We should guard against jealousy, and even the slightest sentiment +thereof. This vice is absolutely opposed to a pure and sincere zeal for +the glory of God, and is a certain proof of secret and subtle pride.-- +ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +26 + +Charity requires us always to have compassion on human infirmity.--ST. +CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +27 + +When one does not love prayer, it is morally impossible for him to +resist his passions.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +28 + +Docility and easy acquiescence with good advice are the signs of a +humble heart.--VEN. JULIENNE MOREL. + +29 + +There is nothing richer, nothing surer, nothing more agreeable than a +good conscience.--BL. BARTHOLOMEW OF MARTYRS. + + + +March + +1 + +IT SEEMS as if God granted to other saints to free us from some +particular needfulness; but I know by experience that the glorious St. +Joseph assists us generally in all our necessities.--ST. TERESA. + +2 + +A most powerful and efficacious remedy for all evils, a means of +correcting all imperfections, of triumphing over temptation, and +preserving our hearts in an undisturbed peace, is conformity with the +will of God.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +3 + +It often happens that when we take less care of our body, we have better +health than when we bestow upon it too much care.--ST. TERESA. + +4 + +Do nothing, say nothing before considering if that which you are about +to say or do is pleasing to God, profitable to yourself, and edifying to +your neighbor.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +5 + +Sometimes God leaves us for a long time unable to effect any good, that +we may learn to humble ourselves, and never to glory in our efforts.-- +ST. VINCENT FERRER. + +6 + +We easily lose peace of mind, because we make it depend, not on the +testimony of a good conscience, but on the judgment of men.--BL. +BARTHOLOMEW OF MARTYRS. + +7 + +You may fast regularly, give alms, and pray without ceasing, but as long +as you hate your brother, you will not be numbered among the children of +God.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +8 + +He who at the hour of death finds himself protected by St. Joseph, will +certainly experience great consolation.--ST. TERESA. + +9 + +Take care that the worldling does not pursue with greater zeal and +anxiety the perishable goods of this world than you do the eternal.--ST. +IGNATIUS. + +10 + +We should consider our departed brethren as living members of Jesus +Christ, animated by His grace, and certain of participating one day of +His glory. We should therefore love, serve, and assist them as far as is +in our power.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +11 + +Control thy senses, guard thy mouth, bridle thy tongue, subjugate thy +heart, bear all provocation with charity, and thou shalt perfectly +fulfil the will of God.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +12 + +Our perfection consists in uniting our will so intimately with God's +will, that we will only desire what He wills. He who conforms most +perfectly to the will of God will be the most perfect Christian.--ST. +VINCENT DE PAUL. + +13 + +Humility, modesty, sobriety, purity, piety, and prudence, with meekness, +ornament the soul, and make us live on earth a truly angelic life.--BL. +JORDAN OF SAXONY. + +14 + +In recalling to mind the life and actions of the saints, walk in their +footsteps as much as possible, and humble thyself if thou canst not +attain to their perfection.--ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + +15 + +When the devil again tempts you to sin, telling you that God is +merciful, remember that the Lord showeth mercy to them that fear Him, +but not to them who despise Him.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +16 + +In prayer we should particularly combat our predominant passion or evil +inclination. We should devote continual attention to it, because when it +is once conquered we will easily obtain the victory over all our other +faults.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +17 + +I will carefully consider how, on the day of judgment, I would wish to +have discharged my office or my duty; and the way I would wish to have +done it then I shall do now.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +18 + +It is well to deny ourselves that which is permitted, in order to avoid +more easily that which is not.--ST. BENEDICT. + +19 + +I have noticed that all persons who have true devotion to St. Joseph and +tender him special honor, are very much advanced in virtue, for he takes +great care of souls who recommend themselves to him; and I have never +asked of him anything which he did not obtain for me.--ST. TERESA. + +20 + +He who forgets himself in the service of God may be assured that God +will not forget Him.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +21 + +Let all our actions be directed to the end that God may be glorified in +all things.--ST. BENEDICT. + +22 + +He who suffers in patience, suffers less and saves his soul. He who +suffers impatiently, suffers more and loses his soul.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +23 + +When we remember or hear that the enemies of the Church burn and destroy +God's temples, we should grieve therefor; but we should also rejoice +much when we see new ones built, and we should co-operate in their +erection as much as we possibly can.--ST. TERESA. + +24 + +We should carefully beware of giving ourselves so completely to any +employment as to forget to have recourse to God from time to time.--ST. +TERESA. + +25 + +Our Lady, deign to intercede for us sinners with thy divine Son, our +Lord, and obtain of Him a blessing for us in our trials and +tribulations!--ST. IGNATIUS. + +26 + +Whoever would follow Jesus Christ, must walk in His footsteps, if he +would not go astray.--ST. TERESA. + +27 + +Let us thank God for having called us to His holy faith. It is a great +gift, and the number of those who thank God for it is small.--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +28 + +The trials of life cease to oppress us if we accept them for the love of +God.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +29 + +If you wish to take up your abode in the tabernacle of the heavenly +kingdom, you must reach there through your good works, without which you +can not hope to enter.--ST. BENEDICT. + +30 + +It is a great folly to be willing to violate the friendship of God, +rather than the law of human friendship.--ST. TERESA. + +31 + +When the afflictions of this life overcome us, let us encourage +ourselves to bear them patiently by the hope of heaven.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + + + +April + +1 + +TO PUT into practice the teachings of our holy faith, it is not enough +to convince ourselves that they are true; we must love them. Love united +to faith makes us practise our religion.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +2 + +Unite all your works to the merits of Jesus Christ, and then offer them +up to the eternal Father if you desire to make them pleasing to Him.-- +ST. TERESA. + +3 + +God pardons sin; but He will not pardon the will to sin.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +4 + +It is a fault, not a virtue, to wish your humility recognized and +applauded.--ST. BERNARD. + +5 + +Before engaging in your private devotions, perform those which obedience +and your duty toward your neighbor impose upon you in such a manner as +to make an abnegation of self.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +6 + +The world is full of inconstancy; its friendship ceases the moment there +is no advantage to be expected from us.--BL. JOHN TAULER. + +7 + +There is nothing better to display the truth in an excellent light, than +a clear and simple statement of facts.--ST. BENEDICT. + +8 + +Be careful and do not lightly condemn the actions of others. We must +consider the intention of our neighbor, which is often good and pure, +although the act itself seems blameworthy.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +9 + +He who does not overcome his predominant passion is in great danger of +being lost. He who does overcome it will easily conquer all the rest.-- +ST. ALPHONSUS. + +10 + +To conquer himself is the greatest victory that man can gain.--ST. +IGNATIUS. + +11 + +A soul which does not practise the exercise of prayer is very like a +paralyzed body which, though possessing feet and hands, makes no use of +them.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +12 + +When you do a good action, have the intention of first pleasing God, and +then of giving good example to your neighbor.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +13 + +The grace of perseverance is the most important of all; it crowns all +other graces.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +14 + +Prayer is the only channel through which God's great graces and favors +may flow into the soul; and if this be once closed, I know no other way +He can communicate them.--ST. TERESA. + +15 + +To acquire courage it is very useful to read the lives of the saints, +especially of those who, after living in sin, attained great sanctity.-- +ST. ALPHONSUS. + +16 + +The truly humble reject all praise for themselves, and refer it all to +God.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +17 + +Prayer should be effective and practical, since it has for its end the +acquisition of solid virtue and the mortification of the passions.--ST. +VINCENT DE PAUL. + +18 + +We do not keep an account of the graces which God has given us, but God +our Lord keeps an account of them. He has fixed the measure thereof.-- +ST. ALPHONSUS. + +19 + +The more guilty we are, the greater must be our confidence in Mary. +Therefore, courage, timid soul; let Mary know all thy misery, and hasten +with joy to the throne of mercy.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +20 + +Evil is often more hurtful to the doer than to the one against whom it +is done.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +21 + +During life despise that which will avail you nothing at the hour of +death.--ST. ANSELM. + +22 + +He who fails to reflect before acting, walks with his eyes shut and +advances with danger. He also falls very often, because the eye of +reflection does not enable him to see whither his footsteps lead.--ST. +GREGORY THE GREAT. + +23 + +Sanctity and perfection consist not in fine words, but in good +actions.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +24 + +As patience leads to peace, and study to science, so are humiliations +the path that leads to humility.--ST. BERNARD. + +25 + +Do not disturb yourself with vain curiosity concerning the affairs of +others, nor how they conduct themselves, unless your position makes it +your duty to do so.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +26 + +The deceitful charms of prosperity destroy more souls than all the +scourges of adversity.--ST. BERNARD. + +27 + +The first degree of humility is the fear of God, which we should +constantly have before our eyes.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +28 + +He who cheerfully endures contempt and is happy under crosses and +affliction, partakes of the humility and sufferings of Our Lord.--ST. +MECHTILDIS. + +29 + +He who is resigned to the divine will shall always surmount the +difficulties he meets with in the service of God. The Lord will +accomplish His designs concerning him.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +30 + +Consent to suffer a slight temporary pain, that so thou mayst avoid the +eternal pains which sin deserves.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + + + +May + +1 + +MARY was the most perfect among the saints only because she was always +perfectly united to the will of God.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +2 + +After the love which we owe Jesus Christ, we must give the chief place +in our heart to the love of His Mother Mary.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +3 + +When we feel our cross weighing upon us, let us have recourse to Mary, +whom the Church calls the "Consoler of the Afflicted."--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +4 + +The devotions we practise in honor of the glorious Virgin Mary, however +trifling they be, are very pleasing to her divine Son, and He rewards +them with eternal glory.--ST. TERESA. + +5 + +There is nothing which is more profitable and more consoling to the mind +than to frequently remember the Blessed Virgin.--ST. TERESA. + +6 + +Blessed are the actions enclosed between two Hail Marys.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +7 + +Let us consider what the glorious Virgin endured, and what the holy +apostles suffered, and we shall find that they who were nearest to Jesus +Christ were the most afflicted.--ST. TERESA. + +8 + +The servants of Mary who are in purgatory receive visits and +consolations from her.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +9 + +If you persevere until death in true devotion to Mary, your salvation is +certain.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +10 + +He who remembers having invoked the name of Mary in an impure +temptation, may be sure that he did not yield to it.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +11 + +Mary being destined to negotiate peace between God and man, it was not +proper that she should be an accomplice in the disobedience of +Adam.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +12 + +Mary having co-operated in our redemption with so much glory to God and +so much love for us, Our Lord ordained that no one shall obtain +salvation except through her intercession.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +13 + +He who wishes to find Jesus will do so only by having recourse to +Mary.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +14 + +Mary having always lived wholly detached from earthly things and united +with God, death, which united her more closely to Him, was extremely +sweet and agreeable to her.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +15 + +Mary being in heaven nearer to God and more united to Him, knows our +miseries better, compassionates them more, and can more efficaciously +assist us.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +16 + +The Virgin Mother, all pure and all white, will make her servants pure +and white.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +17 + +To assure our salvation it does not suffice to call ourselves children +of Mary, therefore let us always have the fear of God.--ST. TERESA. + +18 + +Let us offer ourselves without delay and without reserve to Mary, and +beg her to offer us herself to God.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +19 + +Such is the compassion, such the love which Mary bears us, that she is +never tired of praying for us.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +20 + +O Queen of heaven and earth! The universe would perish before thou +couldst refuse aid to one who invokes thee from the depth of his +heart.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +21 + +O most blessed Virgin, who declarest in thy Canticle that it is owing to +thy humility that God hath done great things in thee, obtain for me the +grace to imitate thee, that is, to be obedient; because to obey is to +practise humility.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +22 + +May the two names so sweet and so powerful, of Jesus and Mary, be always +in our hearts and on our lips!--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +23 + +Whatsoever we do, we can never be true children of Mary, unless we are +humble.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +24 + +Let us highly esteem devotion to the Blessed Virgin, and let us lose no +opportunity of inspiring others with it.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +25 + +As a mother feels no disgust in dressing the sores of her child, so +Mary, the heavenly infirmarian, never refuses to care for sinners who +have recourse to her.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +26 + +Each of our days is marked with the protection of Mary, who is +exceedingly anxious to be our Mother, when we desire to be her +children.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +27 + +When the devil wishes to make himself master of a soul, he seeks to make +it give up devotion to Mary.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +28 + +Let us have recourse to Mary; for of all creatures she is the highest, +the purest, the most beautiful, and the most loving.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +29 + +Let the name of Mary be ever on your lips, let it be indelibly engraven +on your heart. If you are under her protection, you have nothing to +fear; if she is propitious, you will arrive at the port of salvation.-- +ST. BERNARD. + +30 + +Know that of all devotions the most pleasing to Mary is to have frequent +recourse to her, asking for favors.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +31 + +Let the servants of Mary perform every day, and especially on Saturday, +some work of charity for her sake.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + + + +June + +1 + +CAN WE, amongst all hearts, find one more amiable than that of Jesus? It +is on His Heart that God looks with special complacency--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +2 + +One must wage war against his predominant passion, and not retreat, +until, with God's help, he has been victorious.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +3 + +An act of perfect conformity to the will of God unites us more to Him +than a hundred other acts of virtue.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +4 + +The love of God inspires the love of our neighbor, and the love of our +neighbor serves to keep alive the love of God.--ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + +5 + +Live always in the certainty that whatever happens to you is the result +of divine Providence; because nothing hard or laborious falls to your +lot without the Lord permitting it.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +6 + +Whatsoever good work you undertake, pray earnestly to God that He will +enable you to bring it to a successful termination.--ST. BENEDICT. + +7 + +What is a fruitless repentance, defiled almost immediately by new +faults?--ST. BERNARD. + +8 + +You propose to give up everything to God; be sure, then, to include +yourself among the things to be given up.--ST. BENEDICT. + +9 + +If you can find a place where God is not, go there and sin with +impunity.--ST. ANSELM. + +10 + +He can not err who is constantly with the visible Head which Jesus +Christ has left to His Church, as its foundation, rule, teacher, and +defender of the Faith.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +11 + +The more numerous the gifts we have received from God, the greater the +account we must render to Him.--ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + +12 + +True penance consists in regretting without ceasing the faults of the +past, and in firmly resolving to never again commit that which is so +deplorable.--ST. BERNARD. + +[Illustration: The Sacred Heart of Mary.] + +13 + +We are not raised the first day to the summit of perfection. It is by +climbing, not by flying, that we arrive there.--ST. BERNARD. + +14 + +What we do for ourselves during life is more certain than all the good +we expect others to do for us after death.--ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + +15 + +Idleness begets a discontented life. It develops self-love, which is the +cause of all our misery, and renders us unworthy to receive the favors +of divine love.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +16 + +Have death always before your eyes as a salutary means of returning to +God.--ST. BERNARD. + +17 + +If the devil tempts me by the thought of divine justice, I think of +God's mercy; if he tries to fill me with presumption by the thought of +His mercy, I think of His justice.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +18 + +In time of temptation continue the good thou hast begun before +temptation.--ST. VINCENT FERRER. + +19 + +In the eyes of the sovereign Judge the merit of our actions depends on +the motives which prompted them.--ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + +20 + +The benefits to be derived from spiritual reading do not merely consist +in impressing on the memory the precepts set forth, but in opening the +heart to them, that they may bear fruit.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +21 + +As clouds obscure the sun, so bad thoughts darken and destroy the +brightness of the soul.--VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + +22 + +To judge rightly of the goodness and perfection of any one's prayer, it +is sufficient to know the disposition he takes to it, and the fruits he +reaps from it.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +23 + +To commence many things and not to finish them is no small fault; we +must persevere in whatever we undertake with upright intention and +according to God's will.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +24 + +The perfect champion is he who establishes complete control over his +mind by overcoming temptations and the inclination of his nature to +sin.--VEN. JOHN TAULER. + +25 + +If the love of God is in your heart, you will understand that to suffer +for God is a joy to which all earthly pleasures are not to be +compared.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +26 + +The world around us is, as it were, a book written by the finger of God; +every creature is a word on the page. We should apply ourselves well to +understand the signification of the volume.--VEN. BARTHOLOMEW OF +MARTYRS. + +27 + +A man of prayer is capable of everything. He can say with St. Paul, "I +can do all things in Him who strengthened me."--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +28 + +Whilst here below our actions can never be entirely free from +negligence, frailty, or defect; but we must not throw away the wheat +because of the chaff.--VEN. JOHN TAULER. + +29 + +Strive always to preserve freedom of spirit, so that you need do nothing +with the view of pleasing the world, and that no fear of displeasing it +will have power to shake your good resolutions.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +30 + +Wo to us poor sinners if we had not the Divine Sacrifice to appease the +Lord!--ST. ALPHONSUS. + + + +July + +1 + +HOW few there are who avail themselves of the precious blood of Jesus to +purchase their salvation!--ST. IGNATIUS. + +2 + +O Queen of heaven and earth! Thou art the gate of mercy ever open, never +closed. The universe must perish before he who invokes thee from his +heart is refused assistance.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +3 + +Our Faith will never be true unless it is united to that of St. Peter +and the Pontiff, his successors.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +4 + +Short pleasures and long sufferings are all the world can give.--VEN. +JOHN TAULER. + +5 + +Learn to be silent sometimes for the edification of others, that you may +learn how to speak sometimes.--ST. VINCENT FERRER. + +6 + +Gratitude for graces received is a most efficacious means of obtaining +new ones.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +7 + +To a useless question we should answer only by silence.--ST. VINCENT +FERRER. + +8 + +We should not judge things by their exterior or appearance, but consider +what they are in the sight of God, and whether they be according to His +good pleasure.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +9 + +Preserve purity of conscience with care, and never do anything to sully +it or render it less agreeable to God.--ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + +10 + +Give not thyself too much to any one. He who gives himself too freely is +generally the least acceptable.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +11 + +Affliction strengthens the vigor of our soul, whereas happiness weakens +it.--ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + +12 + +To acquire purity of the soul, it is necessary to guard against passing +judgment on our neighbor, or useless remarks on his conduct.--ST. +CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +13 + +Turn away the eyes of thy body and those of thy mind from seeing others, +that thou mayest be able to contemplate thyself.--ST. VINCENT FERRER. + +14 + +The brightest ornaments in the crown of the blessed in heaven are the +sufferings which they have borne patiently on earth.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +15 + +We are not innocent before God if we punish that which we should pardon, +or pardon that which we should punish.--ST. BERNARD. + +16 + +Is there any one in the world who has invoked thee, O Mary, without +having felt the benefit of thy protection, which is promised to those +who invoke thy mercy?--ST. BERNARD. + +17 + +It is the key of obedience that opens the door of paradise. Jesus Christ +has confided that key to His vicar, the Pope, Christ on earth, whom all +are obliged to obey even unto death.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +18 + +It is true that God promises forgiveness if we repent, but what +assurance have we of obtaining it to-morrow?--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +19 + +We should offer ourselves and all we have to God, that He may dispose of +us according to His holy will, so that we may be ever ready to leave all +and embrace the afflictions that come upon us.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +20 + +No one has a right to mercy who can not himself show mercy.--VEN. LOUIS +DE GRANADA. + +21 + +We should reflect on all our actions, exterior and interior, and before +we commence, examine well if we are able to finish them.--VEN. JOHN +TAULER. + +22 + +The reason why the lukewarm run so great a risk of being lost is because +tepidity conceals from the soul the immense evil which it causes.--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +23 + +We should learn of Jesus Christ to be meek and humble of heart, and ask +Him unceasingly for these two virtues. We ought, particularly, to avoid +the two contrary vices which would cause us to destroy with one hand +what we seek to raise with the other.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +24 + +The sufferings endured for God are the greatest proof of our love for +Him.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +25 + +It is in vain that we cut off the branches of evil, if we leave intact +the root, which continually produces new ones.--ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + +26 + +How little is required to be a saint! It suffices to do in all things +the will of God.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +27 + +Wouldst thou know what thou art? Thou art that to which thy heart turns +the most frequently.--VEN. BARTHOLOMEW OF MARTYRS. + +28 + +When you covet that which delights you, think not only of the sweet +moments of enjoyment, but of the long season of regret which must +follow.--ST. BERNARD. + +29 + +They who voluntarily commit sin show a contempt for life eternal, since +they willingly risk the loss of their soul.--ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + +30 + +It suffices not to perform good works; we must do them well, in +imitation of Our Lord Jesus Christ, of whom it is written, "He doeth all +things well."--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +31 + +Put not off till to-morrow what you can do today.--ST. IGNATIUS. + + + +August + +1 + +CHRIST Himself guides the bark of Peter. For this reason it can not +perish, although He sometimes seems to sleep.--ST. ANTONINUS. + +2 + +Prayer teaches us the need of laying before God all our necessities, of +corresponding with His grace, of banishing vice from our heart and of +establishing virtue in it.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +3 + +Take this to heart: Owe no man anything. So shalt thou secure a peaceful +sleep, an easy conscience, a life without inquietude, and a death +without alarm.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +4 + +If you would know whether you have made a good confession, ask yourself +if you have resolved to abandon your sins.--ST. BERNARD. + +5 + +He who does that which is displeasing to himself has discovered the +secret of pleasing God.--ST. ANSELM. + +6 + +An ordinary action, performed through obedience and love of God, is more +meritorious than extraordinary works done on your own authority--VEN. +LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +7 + +Vigilance is rendered necessary and indispensable, not only by the +dangers that surround us, but by the delicacy, the extreme difficulty of +the work we all have to engage in the work of our salvation.--VEN. LOUIS +DE GRANADA. + +8 + +Among the different means that we have of pleasing God in all that we +do, one of the most efficacious is to perform each of our actions as +though it were to be the last of our life.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +9 + +I have to seek only the glory of God, my own sanctification, and the +salvation of my neighbor. I should therefore devote myself to these +things, if necessary, at the peril of my life.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +10 + +Idleness is hell's fishhook for catching souls.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +11 + +Whoever imagines himself without defect has an excess of pride. God +alone is perfect.--ST. ANTONINUS. + +12 + +As we take the bitterest medicine to recover or preserve the health of +the body, we should cheerfully endure sufferings, however repugnant to +nature, and consider them efficacious remedies which God employs to +purify the soul and conduct it to the perfection to which He called +it.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +13 + +To give up prayer because we are often distracted at it is to allow the +devil to gain his cause.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +14 + +Curb the desire of display, and do nothing from human respect.--ST. +VINCENT DE PAUL. + +15 + +O Mary, vessel of purest gold, ornamented with pearls and sapphires, +filled with grace and virtue, thou art the dearest of all creatures to +the eyes of eternal Wisdom.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +16 + +We must be careful not to omit our prayers, confession, communion, and +other exercises of piety, even when we find no consolation in them.--ST. +VINCENT FERRER. + +17 + +Let us leave to God and to truth the care of our justification, without +trying to excuse ourselves, and peace will truly spring up within us.-- +VEN. JOHN TAULER. + +18 + +Read good and useful books, and abstain from reading those that only +gratify curiosity.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +19 + +So great is the goodness of God in your regard, that when you ask +through ignorance for that which is not beneficial, He does not grant +your prayer in this matter, but gives you something better instead.--ST. +BERNARD. + +20 + +Men can use no better arms to drive away the devil, than prayer and the +sign of the cross.--ST. TERESA. + +21 + +He who knows well how to practise the exercise of the presence of God, +and who is faithful in following the attraction of this divine virtue, +will soon attain a very high degree of perfection.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +22 + +One of the most admirable effects of holy communion is to preserve the +soul from sin, and to help those who fall through weakness to rise +again. It is much more profitable, then, to approach this divine +Sacrament with love, respect, and confidence, than to remain away +through an excess of fear and scrupulosity.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +23 + +Let us remember that every act of mortification is a work for heaven. +This thought will make all suffering and weariness sweet.--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +24 + +Correction should be given calmly and with discernment, at seasonable +times, according to the dictates of reason, and not at the impulse of +anger.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +25 + +There is nothing more certain, nothing more agreeable, nothing richer +than a good conscience.--VEN. BARTHOLOMEW OF MARTYRS. + +26 + +God, to procure His glory, sometimes permits that we should be +dishonored and persecuted without reason. He wishes thereby to render us +conformable to His Son, who was calumniated and treated as a seducer, as +an ambitious man, and as one possessed.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +27 + +All that God gives us and all that He permits in this world have no +other end than to sanctify us in Him.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +28 + +If you can not mortify your body by actual penance, abstain at least +from some lawful pleasure.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +29 + +One whose heart is embittered can do nothing but contend and contradict, +finding something to oppose in every remark.--VEN. JULIENNE MOREL. + +30 + +Without prayer we have neither light nor strength to advance in the way +which leads to God.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +31 + +I have never gone out to mingle with the world without losing something +of myself.--BL. ALBERT THE GREAT. + + + +September + +1 + +HE who perseveres with constancy and fervor will, without fail, raise +himself to a high degree of perfection.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +2 + +An upright intention is the soul of our actions. It gives them life, and +makes them good.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +3 + +You wish to reform the world: reform yourself, otherwise your efforts +will be in vain.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +4 + +Let all thy care be to possess thy soul in peace and tranquillity. Let +no accident be to thee a cause of ill-humor.--ST. VINCENT FERRER. + +5 + +Humility is a fortified town; it repels all attacks. The sight of it +obliges the enemy to turn and flee.--VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + +6 + +The world is deceitful and inconstant. When fortune forsakes us, +friendship takes flight.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +7 + +Perform all your actions in union with the pure intention and perfect +love with which Our Lord did all things for the glory of God and the +salvation of the world.--ST. MECHTILDIS. + +8 + +An air of meekness and a modest speech are pleasing alike to God and +men.--VEN. JOHN TAULER. + +9 + +The saints owed to their confidence in God that unalterable tranquillity +of soul, which procured their perpetual joy and peace, even in the midst +of adversities.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +10 + +Look not to the qualities thou mayest possess, which are wanting to +others; but look to those which others possess and which are wanting to +thee, that thou mayest acquire them.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +11 + +Your heart is not so narrow that the world can satisfy it entirely; +nothing but God can fill it.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +12 + +If you wish to raise a lofty edifice of perfection, take humility for a +foundation.--ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + +13 + +It ordinarily happens that God permits those who judge others, to fall +into the same or even greater faults.--ST. VINCENT FERRER. + +14 + +Raise thy heart and thy love toward the sweet and most holy cross, which +soothes every pain!--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +15 + +Often read spiritual books; then, like a sheep, ruminate the food thou +hast taken, by meditation and a desire to practise the holy doctrine +found therein.--ST. ANTONINUS. + +16 + +Love others much, but visit them seldom.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +17 + +God sends us trials and afflictions to exercise us in patience and teach +us sympathy with the sorrows of others.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +18 + +Armed with prayer, the saints sustained a glorious warfare and +vanquished all their enemies. By prayer, also, they appeased the wrath +of God, and obtained from Him all they desired.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +19 + +All souls in hell are there because they did not pray. All the saints +sanctified themselves by prayer.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +20 + +The thought of the presence of God renders us familiar with the practice +of doing in all things His holy will.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +21 + +If we consider the number and excellence of the virtues practised by the +saints, we must feel the inefficiency and imperfection of our actions.-- +ST. VINCENT FERRER. + +22 + +Prayer without fervor has not sufficient strength to rise to heaven.-- +ST. BERNARD. + +23 + +The path of virtue is painful to nature when left to itself; but nature, +assisted by grace, finds it easy and agreeable.--VEN. LOUIS OF GRANADA. + +24 + +Always give the preference to actions which appear to you the most +agreeable to God, and most contrary to self-love.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +25 + +As the branch separated from the roots soon loses all life and verdure, +so it is with good works which are not united with charity.--ST. GREGORY +THE GREAT. + +26 + +We should constantly thank the Lord for having granted us the gift of +the true faith, by associating us with the children of the holy Catholic +Church.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +27 + +We should not spare expense, fatigue, nor even our life, when there is a +question of accomplishing the holy will of God.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +28 + +Some are unable to fast or give alms; there are none who can not pray.-- +ST. ALPHONSUS. + +29 + +We meet with contradictions everywhere. If only two persons are together +they mutually afford each other opportunities of exercising patience, +and even when one is alone there will still be a necessity for this +virtue, so true it is that our miserable life is full of crosses.--ST. +VINCENT DE PAUL. + +30 + +We should bear our sufferings in expiation for our sins, to merit +heaven, and to please God.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + + + +October + +1 + +ALWAYS give good example: teach virtue by word and deed. Example is more +powerful than discourse.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +2 + +If thou wouldst glory, let it be in the Lord, by referring everything to +Him, and giving to Him all the honor and glory.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +3 + +There is nothing more holy, more eminently perfect, than resignation to +the will of God, which confirms us in an entire detachment from +ourselves, and a perfect indifference for every condition in which we +may be placed.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +4 + +Prayer consists not in many words, but in the fervor of desire, which +raises the soul to God by the knowledge of its own nothingness and the +divine goodness.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +5 + +Let us make up for lost time. Let us give to God the time that remains +to us.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +6 + +When thou feelest thyself excited, shut thy mouth and chain thy +tongue.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +7 + +If it was necessary that Christ should suffer and so enter by the cross +into the kingdom of His Father, no friend of God should shrink from +suffering.--VEN. JOHN TAULER. + +8 + +We should grieve to see no account made of time, which is so precious; +to see it employed so badly, so uselessly, for it can never be +recalled.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +9 + +Every time that some unexpected event befalls us, be it affliction, or +be it spiritual or corporal consolation, we should endeavor to receive +it with equanimity of spirit, since all comes from the hand of God.--ST. +VINCENT DE PAUL. + +10 + +There are some who sin through frailty, or through the force of some +violent passion. They desire to break these chains of death; if their +prayer is constant they will be heard.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +11 + +"Thy will be done!" This is what the saints had continually on their +lips and in their hearts.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +12 + +He who would be a disciple of Jesus Christ must live in sufferings; for +"The servant is not greater than the Master."--VEN. JOHN TAULER. + +13 + +He who submits himself to God in all things is certain that whatever men +say or do against him will always turn to his advantage.--ST. VINCENT DE +PAUL. + +14 + +If he be blind who refuses to believe in the truths of the Catholic +faith, how much blinder is he who believes, and yet lives as if he did +not believe!--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +15 + +There is no affliction, trial, or labor difficult to endure, when we +consider the torments and sufferings which Our Lord Jesus Christ endured +for us.--ST. TERESA. + +16 + +Outside of God nothing is durable. We exchange life for death, health +for sickness, honor for shame, riches for poverty. All things change and +pass away.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +17 + +If you would keep yourself pure, shun dangerous occasions. Do not trust +your own strength. In this matter we can not take too much precaution.-- +ST. ALPHONSUS. + +18 + +After knowing the will of God in regard to a work which we undertake, we +should continue courageously, however difficult it may be. We should +follow it to the end with as much constancy as the obstacles we +encounter are great.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +19 + +In your prayers, if you would quickly and surely draw upon you the grace +of God, pray in a special manner for our Holy Church and all those +connected with it.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + +20 + +Prayer is our principal weapon. By it we obtain of God the victory over +our evil inclinations, and over all temptations of hell.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +21 + +We should never abandon, on account of the difficulties we encounter, an +enterprise undertaken with due reflection.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +22 + +Being all members of the same body, with the same head, who is Christ, +it is proper that we should have in common the same joys and sorrows.-- +VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +23 + +We should be cordial and affable with the poor, and with persons in +humble circumstances. We should not treat them in a supercilious manner. +Haughtiness makes them revolt. On the contrary, when we are affable with +them, they become more docile and derive more benefit from the advice +they receive.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +24 + +Let not confusion for thy fault overwhelm thee with despair, as if there +were no longer a remedy.--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +25 + +As all our wickedness consists in turning away from our Creator, so all +our goodness consists in uniting ourselves with Him.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +26 + +That which we suffer in the accomplishment of a good work, merits for us +the necessary graces to insure its success.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +27 + +We ought to have a special devotion to those saints who excelled in +humility, particularly to the Blessed Virgin Mary, who declares that the +Lord regarded her on account of her humility.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +28 + +He who wishes to find Jesus should seek Him, not in the delights and +pleasures of the world, but in mortification of the senses.--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +29 + +Let us not despise, judge, or condemn any one but ourselves; then our +cross will bloom and bear fruit.--VEN. JOHN TAULER. + +30 + +It is rarely that we fall into error if we are humble and trust to the +wisdom of others, in preference to our own judgment.--VEN. LOUIS DE +BLOIS. + +31 + +The best of all prayers is that in which we ask that God's holy will be +accomplished, both in ourselves and in others.--VEN. LOUIS DE BLOIS. + + + +November + +1 + +WE SHOULD honor God in His saints, and beseech Him to make us partakers +of the graces He poured so abundantly upon them.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +2 + +We may have a confident hope of our salvation when we apply ourselves to +relieve the souls in purgatory, so afflicted and so dear to God.--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +3 + +The example of the saints is proposed to every one, so that the great +actions shown us may encourage us to undertake smaller things.--VEN. +LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +4 + +Let us read the lives of the saints; let us consider the penances which +they performed, and blush to be so effeminate and so fearful of +mortifying our flesh.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +5 + +The greatest pain which the holy souls suffer in purgatory proceeds from +their desire to possess God. This suffering especially afflicts those +who in life had but a feeble desire of heaven.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +6 + +Death is welcome to one who has always feared God and faithfully served +Him.--ST. TERESA. + +7 + +True humility consists in being content with all that God is pleased to +ordain for us, believing ourselves unworthy to be called His servants.-- +ST. TERESA. + +8 + +The best preparation for death is a perfect resignation to the will of +God, after the example of Jesus Christ, who, in His prayer in Gethsemani +prepared Himself with these words, "Father, not as I will, but as Thou +wilt."--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +9 + +The errors of others should serve to keep us from adding any of our own +to them.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +10 + +There is more security in self-denial, mortification, and other like +virtues, than in an abundance of tears.--ST. TERESA. + +11 + +A resolute will triumphs over everything with the help of God, which is +never wanting.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +12 + +If humble souls are contradicted, they remain calm; if they are +calumniated, they suffer with patience; if they are little esteemed, +neglected, or forgotten, they consider that their due; if they are +weighed down with occupations, they perform them cheerfully.--ST. +VINCENT DE PAUL. + +13 + +When we have to reply to some one who speaks harshly to us, we must +always do it with gentleness. If we are angry, it is better to keep +silence.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +14 + +The two principal dispositions which we should bring to holy communion +are detachment from creatures, and the desire to receive Our Lord with a +view to loving Him more in the future.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +15 + +In doing penance it is necessary to deprive oneself of as many lawful +pleasures as we had the misfortune to indulge in unlawful ones.--ST. +GREGORY THE GREAT. + +16 + +In raising human nature to heaven by His ascension, Christ has given us +the hope of arriving thither ourselves.--ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. + +17 + +It is useless to subdue the flesh by abstinence, unless one gives up his +irregular life, and abandons vices which defile his soul.--ST. BENEDICT. + +18 + +No prayers are so acceptable to God as those which we offer Him after +communion.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +19 + +It avails nothing to subdue the body, if the mind allows itself to be +controlled by anger.--ST. GREGORY THE GREAT. + +20 + +What is it that renders death terrible? Sin. We must therefore fear sin, +not death.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +21 + +The Blessed Virgin is of all the works of the Creator the most +excellent, and to find anything in nature more grand one must go to the +Author of nature Himself.--ST. PETER DAMIAN. + +22 + +If we would advance in virtue, we must not neglect little things, for +they pave the way to greater.--ST. TERESA. + +23 + +When one has fallen into some fault, what better remedy can there be +than to have immediate recourse to the Most Blessed Sacrament?--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +24 + +Afflictions are the most certain proofs that God can give us of His love +for us.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +25 + +Is it not a great cruelty for us Christians, members of the body of the +Holy Church, to attack one another?--ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA. + +26 + +The Church is the pillar and ground of truth, and her infallibility +admits of no doubt.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +27 + +He who truly loves his neighbor and can not efficaciously assist him, +should strive at least to relieve and help him by his prayers.--ST. +TERESA. + +28 + +We should blush for shame to show so much resentment at what is done or +said against us, knowing that so many injuries and affronts have been +offered to our Redeemer and the saints.--ST. TERESA. + +29 + +The reason why so many souls who apply themselves to prayer are not +inflamed with God's love is, that they neglect to carefully prepare +themselves for it.--ST. TERESA. + +30 + +It is absolutely necessary, both for our advancement and the salvation +of others, to follow always and in all things the beautiful light of +faith.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + + + +December + +1 + +IF WE consider all that is imperfect and worldly in us, we shall find +ample reason for abasing ourselves before God and man, before ourselves +and our inferiors.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +2 + +No one should think or say anything of another which he would not wish +thought or said of himself.--ST. TERESA. + +3 + +We should study the interests of others as our own, and be careful to +act on all occasions with uprightness and loyalty.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +4 + +It is God Himself who receives what we give in charity, and is it not an +incomparable happiness to give Him what belongs to Him, and what we have +received from His goodness alone?--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +5 + +Let your constant practice be to offer yourself to God, that He may do +with you what He pleases.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +6 + +It is not enough to forbid our own tongue to murmur; we must also refuse +to listen to murmurers.--VEN. LOUIS DE GRANADA. + +7 + +We can obtain no reward without merit, and no merit without patience.-- +ST. ALPHONSUS. + +8 + +No harp sends forth such sweet harmonies as are produced in the +afflicted heart by the holy name of Mary. Let us kneel to reverence this +holy, this sublime name of Mary!--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +9 + +The life of a true Christian should be such that he fears neither death +nor any event of his life, but endures and submits to all things with a +good heart.--ST. TERESA. + +10 + +We should abandon ourselves entirely into the hands of God, and believe +that His providence disposes everything that He wishes or permits to +happen to us for our greater good.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +11 + +Regulate and direct all your actions to God, offering them to Him and +beseeching Him to grant that they be for His honor and glory.--ST. +TERESA. + +[Illustration: Hail, Virgin Most Pure!] + +12 + +Conformity to the will of God is an easy and certain means of acquiring +a great treasure of graces in this life.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +13 + +Do not consider what others do, or how they do it; for there are but few +who really work for their own sanctification.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +14 + +To-day God invites you to do good; do it therefore to-day. To-morrow you +may not have time, or God may no longer call you to do it.--ST. +ALPHONSUS. + +15 + +To advance in the way of perfection it does not suffice to say a number +of weak prayers; our principal care should be to acquire solid +virtues.--ST. TERESA. + +16 + +Humility is the virtue of Our Lord Jesus Christ, of His blessed Mother, +and of the greatest saints. It embraces all virtues and, where it is +sincere, introduces them into the soul.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +17 + +It will be a great consolation for us at the hour of death to know that +we are to be judged by Him whom we have loved above all things during +life.--ST. TERESA. + +18 + +Humble submission and obedience to the decrees of the Sovereign Pontiffs +are good means for distinguishing the loyal from the rebellious children +of the Church.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +19 + +The devil attacks us at the time of prayer more frequently than at other +times. His object is to make us weary of prayer.--BL. HENRY SUSO. + +20 + +It is an act as rare as it is precious, to transact business with many +people, without ever forgetting God or oneself.--ST. IGNATIUS. + +21 + +God is our light. The farther the soul strays away from God, the deeper +it goes into darkness.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +22 + +True Christian prudence makes us submit our intellect to the maxims of +the Gospel without fear of being deceived. It teaches us to judge things +as Jesus Christ judged them, and to speak and act as He did.--ST. +VINCENT DE PAUL. + +23 + +Remember that men change easily, and that you can not place your trust +in them; therefore attach yourself to God alone.--ST. TERESA. + +24 + +If we secretly feel a desire to appear greater or better than others, we +must repress it at once.--ST. TERESA. + +25 + +The King of heaven deigned to be born in a stable, because He came to +destroy pride, the cause of man's ruin.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +26 + +To save our souls we must live according to the maxims of the Gospel, +and not according to those of the world.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +27 + +Be gentle and kind with every one, and severe with yourself.--ST. +TERESA. + +28 + +If you wish to be pleasing to God and happy here below, be in all things +united to His will.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + +29 + +In proportion as the love of God increases in our soul, so does also the +love of suffering.--ST. VINCENT DE PAUL. + +30 + +He who keeps steadily on without pausing, will reach the end of his path +and the summit of perfection.--ST. TERESA. + +31 + +The past is no longer yours; the future is not yet in your power. You +have only the present wherein to do good.--ST. ALPHONSUS. + + + +PART VII + +Reasonableness of Catholic Ceremonies and Practices + + +"Let the children of Israel make the Phase in due time . . . according +to all the ceremonies thereof" (_Num._ ix 2, 3). + + +Reasonableness of Catholic Ceremonies and Practices + + +"The priest shall be vested with the tunic" (_Lev._ vi. 10). + +"And he made, of violet and purple, scarlet and fine linen, the +vestments for Aaron to wear when he ministered in the holy places, as +the Lord commanded Moses" (_Ex._ xxxix. 1). + +"In every place there is sacrifice and there is offered to My name a +clean offering" (_Malach._ i. 11). + +"And another Angel came and stood before the altar, having a golden +censer: and there was given to him much incense, that he should offer of +the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar, which is before the +throne of God" (_Apoc._ viii. 3). + + + +The Ceremonies of the Catholic Church + +THE Catholic Church in the celebration of Mass and in the administration +of the sacraments employs certain forms and rites. These are called +ceremonies. By these ceremonies the Church wishes to appeal to the heart +as well as to the intellect, and to impress the faithful with sentiments +of faith and piety. + +What is more capable of raising the heart and mind of man to God than a +priest celebrating Mass? What more inspiring than some of our sacred +music? + +How beneficial and how lasting the impression formed by the ceremonies +of the Church, the following incident will show: + +One of our missionaries once went to visit a tribe of Indians who had +been deprived of a priest for nearly half a century. After traveling +through the forest for some days he came near their village. + +'Twas Sunday morning. Suddenly the silence was broken by a number of +voices singing in unison. He stopped to listen. To his great +astonishment he distinguished the music of a Mass, and of Catholic hymns +well known to him. + +What could be more touching than this simple, savage people endeavoring +to celebrate the Lord's Day as they had been taught by the priest fifty +years before? What more elevating than those sacred songs--the _Stabat +Mater_, the _O Salutaris_, or the _Te Deum_--uttered by pious lips and +resounding through the forest primeval? What better evidence could we +have of the beneficial effects of our ceremonies in raising the heart to +God? + +And yet few things connected with our holy religion have been more +frequently subjected to ridicule than her ceremonies. People scoff at +them, laugh at them, call them foolish and unreasonable. Those people do +not stop to consider that by doing so they, themselves, are acting most +unreasonably. For no reasonable person, no judge, will condemn another +without hearing both sides of the question. + +These wiseacres, however, flatter themselves that they know all about +the Catholic Church and her ceremonies without hearing her side of the +case. Hence the misunderstandings and misrepresentations regarding her +that exist among well-meaning people. + +If people would but learn to speak about that which they knew and +understood; if they would accord to the Catholic Church the same +treatment as to other institutions; if they would examine both sides of +the question before criticising and ridiculing her teachings and her +ceremonies; if they would but treat her with that openness, that +fairness, that candor, that honesty characteristic of the American +citizen when dealing with other questions--what a vast amount of +ignorance, of prejudice, of sin would be avoided! + +We claim that ceremonies used in the worship of God are reasonable, +because they were sanctioned by God in the Old Testament and by Jesus +Christ and His apostles in the New Law. + + + +I. Ceremonies Necessary to Divine Worship + +THE angels are pure spirits. They have no body. Consequently the worship +they render God is spiritual, interior. + +The heavenly bodies are not spiritual, but entirely material substances. +They render God a sort of external worship according to the words of the +prophet Daniel, "Sun and moon bless the Lord, . . . stars of heaven +bless the Lord. Praise and exalt Him forever." Man has a soul, a +spiritual substance similar to the heavenly bodies. He should, +therefore, honor God by the twofold form of worship, interior and +exterior. + +"God is a spirit; and they that adore Him must adore Him in spirit and +in truth" (_John_ iv. 24). + +From these words of the beloved disciple we are not to conclude that +interior worship is prescribed as the only essential, and exterior +worship condemned. True piety must manifest itself externally. Man +naturally manifests his feelings by outward signs and ceremonies. + +The Catholic Church recognizes that man has a heart to be moved as well +as an intellect to be enlightened. She enlightens the intellect by her +good books, sermons, etc.; and she moves the heart by the grandeur of +her ceremonies. + +If any one doubts that God considers ceremonies necessary to divine +worship, let him read the books of Leviticus and Exodus. Almost the +whole of these books treats of the rites and ceremonies used by the then +chosen people of God in their public worship. + +The 26th, 27th, and 28th chapters of Exodus prescribe the form of the +tabernacle and its appurtenances, the size of the altar and the oil for +the lamps, and the holy vestments which Aaron and his sons were to wear +during the performance of the public ceremonies. + +The book of Leviticus treats more particularly of the sacrifices, rites, +and ceremonies of the priests and Levites. + +"And the Lord called Moses, and spoke to him from the tabernacle of the +testimony, saying: Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say +to them: The man among you that shall offer to the Lord a sacrifice of +the cattle, that is, offering victims of oxen and sheep, if his offering +be a holocaust and of the herd, he shall offer a male, without blemish, +at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony, to make the Lord +favorable to him. And he shall put his hand upon the head of the victim, +and it shall be acceptable and help to his expiation" (_Lev._ i. 1_ et +seq._). + +After enumerating all the sacrifices and ceremonies, the sacred writer +closes the book of Leviticus with the words, "These are the precepts +which the Lord commanded Moses for the children of Israel in Mount +Sinai," thus showing that He considers ceremonies necessary to divine +worship. + +The religion instituted by Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ is more +spiritual than that of the Old Law. Nevertheless He did not discard +ceremonies. In the Garden of Gethsemani He fell upon His knees in humble +supplication. He went in procession to Jerusalem preceded by a great +multitude strewing palm-branches on the road and singing, "Hosanna to +the Son of David." Before He cured the deaf and dumb man, He put His +fingers into his ears and touched his tongue with spittle, and looking +up to heaven He groaned and said, "Ephpheta," which is, "Be thou +opened." + +At the Last Supper He invoked a blessing on the bread and wine, and +after the supper He chanted a hymn with His disciples--ceremonies +similar to those used in the Mass. When He imparted the Holy Ghost to +His apostles, He breathed upon them. In a similar way they and their +successors communicated the Holy Ghost upon others by breathing upon +them, laying their hands upon them and praying over them, when +conferring the sacrament of Holy Orders. + +St. James directs that if any man is sick he shall call in a priest of +the Church, who shall anoint him with oil, as is done in the sacrament +of Extreme Unction. + +We must, therefore, admit that ceremonies used in the worship of God are +reasonable, since they are sanctioned by God in the Old Law and by Jesus +Christ and His apostles in the New Testament. + +All these acts of Our Saviour--the prostration in the Garden, the +procession to Jerusalem, the touching of the deaf man's ears, the +chanting of the hymn, the laying on of hands, the anointing of the +sick--are but so many ceremonies serving as models of the ceremonies +used by the Catholic Church in her public worship and in the +administration of her sacraments. + + + +II. Vestments Used by the Priest at Mass + +BEFORE entering upon an explanation of the ceremonies of the Mass, which +is our principal act of public worship, let us examine the meaning of +the vestments worn by the priest during the celebration of that august +sacrifice. First, it is well to remember that these vestments come down +to us from the time of the apostles, and have the weight of antiquity +hanging upon them. Hence, if they did not demand our respect as +memorials of Christ, they are at least deserving of attention on account +of their antiquity. + +The 28th chapter of Exodus tells us the sacred vestments God wished the +priests of the Old Law to wear during the public worship. "And these +shall be the vestments which they shall make: a rational and an ephod, a +tunic and a straight linen garment, a mitre and a girdle. They shall +make the holy vestments for thy brother Aaron and his sons, that they +may do the office of priesthood unto Me." As God in the Old Law +prescribed vestments for the priests, so the Church, guided by God, +prescribes sacred vestments to be worn by the priest of the New Law +while engaged in the sacred mysteries. + +The long black garment which the priest wears around the church in all +the sacred functions is called a _cassock_. Kings and officers of the +army wear a special uniform when performing their public duties; priests +wear _cassocks_ and other special garments when performing their public +duties. These vestments are used to excite the minds of the faithful to +the contemplation of heavenly things. + +Who, for example, can behold the cross on the chasuble the priest wears +without thinking of all Christ suffered for us on the cross? As the +priest in celebrating Mass represents the person of Christ, and the Mass +represents His passion, the vestments he wears represent those with +which Christ was clothed at the time of the passion. + +The first vestment the priest puts on over the _cassock_ is called an +_amice_. It is made of linen, and reminds us of the veil that covered +the face of Jesus when His persecutors struck Him. (_Luke_ xxii. 64.) + +When the priest puts on the _amice_ he first places it on his head, thus +recalling to mind the crown of thorns that pierced the head of Jesus. + +The _alb_ (from _albus_, white) represents the white garment with which +Christ was vested by Herod when sent back to Pilate dressed as a fool. +(_Luke_ xxii. 11.) + +White is emblematic of purity. Hence the wearer is reminded of that +purity of mind and body which he should have who serves the altar of the +Most High. + +The _cincture_, or girdle, as well as the _maniple_ and _stole_, +represent the cords and bands with which Christ was bound in the +different stages of His passion. St. Matthew says in the 22d verse of +the 27th chapter, "They brought Him _bound_ and delivered Him to Pontius +Pilate, the governor." + +The _chasuble_, or outer vestment the priest wears, represents the +purple garment with which Christ was clothed as a mock king. "And they +clothed Him with purple" (_Mark_ xv. 17). Upon the back of the +_chasuble_ you see a cross. This represents the cross Christ bore on His +sacred shoulders to Calvary, and upon which He was crucified. + +In these vestments, that is, in the _chasuble_, _stole_, and _maniple_, +the Church uses five colors--white, red, purple, green, and black. + +White, which is symbolic of purity and innocence, is used on the feasts +of Our Lord, of the Blessed Virgin, of the angels, and of the saints +that were not martyrs. + +Red, the symbol of fortitude, is used on the feast of Pentecost, of the +Exaltation of the Cross, of the apostles and martyrs. + +Purple, or violet (the color of penance), is used in Advent and Lent. + +Green (the color of hope) is used on all Sundays when no special feast +is celebrated, except the Sundays of Lent and Advent. + +Black (the color of mourning) is used on Good Friday and during the +celebration of Mass for the dead. + +Thus we see that each vestment and color used has a special +significance. + +All are calculated to attract our attention, elevate our minds to God, +and fill us with a desire to do something for Him Who has done so much +for us--to at least keep His commandments. + +One word about the use of Latin in the celebration of Mass will perhaps +be appropriate here. History tells us that when Christianity was +established the Roman Empire had control of nearly all of Europe, Asia, +and Africa. Wherever the Roman flag floated to the breeze the Latin +language was spoken, just as English is spoken where the sovereign of +Great Britain or the President of the United States holds sway. The +Church naturally adopted in her liturgy the language spoken by the +people. + +In the beginning of the fifth century vast hordes of barbarians began to +come from the north of Europe and spread desolation over the fairest +portions of the Roman Empire. Soon the Empire was broken up. New +kingdoms began to be formed, new languages to be developed. The Latin +finally ceased to be a living language. The Church retained it in her +liturgy, 1st, because, as her doctrine and liturgy are unchangeable, she +wishes the language of her doctrine and liturgy to be unchangeable; 2d, +because, as the Church is spread over the whole world, embracing in her +fold children of all climes, nations, and languages--as she is +universal--she must have a universal language; 3d, because the Catholic +clergy are in constant communication with the Holy See, and this +requires a uniform language. + +Besides, when a priest says Mass the people, by their English Missals or +other prayer-books, are able to follow him from beginning to end. + +The Mass is a sacrifice. The prayers of the Mass are offered to God. +Hence when the priest says Mass he is speaking not to the people, but to +God, to whom all languages are equally intelligible. Are not these +sufficient reasons for the use of the Latin language? Are not good +Catholics more attentive, more devout at Mass than others at their +prayer-meetings? The good Catholic knows that the Mass represents the +passion and death of Christ; that the passion and death of Christ are +the sinner's only refuge, the just man's only hope; that it can not but +be good and wholesome to turn our minds and our hearts toward this +subject; that frequent meditation on Christ's passion will move us to +avoid sin, which caused it; and that nothing can more efficaciously +cause us to think of Christ's passion and death than the holy sacrifice +of the Mass. + + + +III. Ceremonies of the Mass + +THE Mass is the great sacrifice of the New Law. It was foreshadowed by +all the sacrifices ordained by God in the Old Law. They were shadows; it +is the substance. + +We learn from Genesis of the fall of man. Universal tradition, as well +as Scripture, informs us that the creature formerly became guilty in the +eyes of the Creator. All nations, all peoples, endeavored to appease the +anger of Heaven and believed that a victim was necessary for this +purpose. Hence sacrifices have been offered from the beginning of the +human race. + +Cain and Abel offered victims; the one the first fruits of the earth, +the other the firstlings of the flock. Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and +Melchisedech worshiped this way, and their worship was acceptable to +God. Everywhere, even among the heathen, you find the altar, the priest, +and the sacrifice. As we learn from Leviticus and other portions of the +Old Testament, God Himself carefully prescribed the quality, manner, +number, and place of the various sacrifices which He was pleased to +accept from the hands of His chosen people. From this fact that +sacrifice has ever formed a prominent feature in the worship of all +people, we conclude that it belongs to the essentials of religion, and +that Christians to-day should have an altar of which, as St. Paul says, +"they can not eat who serve the tabernacle." + +The sacrifices of the Old Law were provisional and prefigured the great +sacrifice of the New Law foretold by the prophet Malachy. This glorious +prophecy of Malachy, "From the rising of the sun even to the going down +My name is great among the Gentiles; in every place there is sacrifice, +and there is offered to My name a clean offering; for My name is great +among the Gentiles, saith the Lord of Hosts"--this glorious prophecy is +fulfilled only by the great sacrifice of the Catholic Church. We alone +can say with St. Paul, "_Habemus altare_" "We have an altar" and a true +sacrifice. Of all the blessings bequeathed by Jesus Christ to His +Church, there is none better, none greater, none holier than the holy +sacrifice of the Mass. It is the sacrifice of His own body and blood +offered to the heavenly Father under the appearances of bread and wine. +It was instituted by Our Lord at the Last Supper, when He took bread and +wine in His sacred hands and blessed them, saying, "This is My body. . . +. This is My blood. . . . Do this for a remembrance of Me." + +He instituted the holy Mass in order to represent and continue the +sacrifice of Calvary. St Paul says, in his first epistle to the +Corinthians, xi. 26, that it was instituted to show the death of the +Lord until His second coming. After the consecration, which the priest +effects by saying over the bread and wine the same words which Jesus +Christ said at the Last Supper, there is no longer bread and wine, but +the true and living Jesus Christ, God and man, hidden under the +appearances of bread and wine, just as in the manger He was hidden under +the appearance of an infant. The priest offers Him up to His heavenly +Father in the name of the Catholic Church, or rather He offers Himself +up, and we can confidently hope that we will obtain more through prayers +at the holy Mass than through our own unaided prayers. In order to have +part in the holy sacrifice of the Mass a person should follow the +actions and prayers of the priest, especially at the offertory, +consecration, and communion; meditate on the passion of Christ; say the +rosary or the prayers in the prayer-books, at the same time uniting his +intention with the intention of the sacrificing priest. + +The sacrifice of the Mass is a true sacrifice, because it is the +oblation of a victim to God to represent by its destruction or change +His supreme dominion over life and death. It is offered to satisfy our +four great debts and wants in adoration to God on account of His +omnipotence, in thanksgiving for His benefits, in atonement for our +sins, and to obtain His assistance in difficulties and temptations. The +holy Mass obtains for us all graces and blessings, temporal and +spiritual. + +Since the Mass is the highest act of public worship, it is proper that +it should be celebrated with fitting sacred ceremonies. Every ceremony +which the Church prescribes has its deep significance. All tend to bring +before our minds the mystery of the passion. + +The _altar_, which is reached by means of steps, represents Mount +Calvary, upon which Christ died with His arms extended as if to enfold +all men as brothers. The _crucifix_ recalls Jesus dying on the cross. +The _lighted candles_ are symbols of the faith and devotion which ought +to burn in the hearts of the faithful when present at Mass. The _sacred +vestments_, embroidered with the sign of the cross, indicate that the +priest is the minister and visible representative of Jesus Christ, the +invisible priest. The sign of the cross made many times by the priest +over the host and chalice reminds us that we offer to God the divine +Victim of the cross, and that we ought to unite ourselves to Him by +loving the cross, by patience and Christian penance. We genuflect +because Our Lord is really present. If we know He is not present on the +altar we bow in honor of the place where He sometimes reposes. _Holy +water_ is used to signify that our souls must be pure if we wish God to +answer our prayers. _Incense_ is used at solemn High Mass and at +Vespers. It is symbolic of prayer, agreeably to the words of the 140th +psalm: "Let my prayer, O Lord, be directed as incense in Thy sight." And +St. John, describing the heavenly Jerusalem in the 8th chapter of the +Apocalypse, says: "Another angel came, and stood before the altar, +having a golden censer; and there was given him much incense, that he +should offer of the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which is +before the throne of God." + +The sacrifice of the Mass, then, is the sacrifice of Calvary, since the +same Victim is offered up and by the same High Priest, Jesus Christ. The +Emanuel, the God with us, the thought of whom made the prophets tremble +centuries before He came, that divine Teacher who loves to dwell with +the children of men, the Catholic Church beholds dwelling in the midst +of us on our altars. If you have visited some of our ancient cathedrals, +or any of our magnificent modern churches, and admired the varied +ornaments or artistic wonders therein; if you have ever been present at +our religious solemnities and witnessed the gravity of our ceremonies, +the beauty of the chants, the piety of the adorers; if you have +reflected upon the spirit of sacrifice and self-forgetfulness so common +to Catholicism and so unknown elsewhere--that spirit which moves +thousands of the young of both sexes to forsake the world and devote +themselves to the care of the sick, the education of the young, and to +other works of charity--if you have witnessed these things and reflected +upon them, you can not but have asked yourself why are such gorgeous +temples built; why such magnificent works of art as displayed on the +altar, the sacred vessels, paintings, and other things in the church? +What prompts such sacrifices? And the answer will be, because the church +is the edifice where God in the holy Mass daily renews the prodigies of +His mercy, and it can never be worthy of His love; because God, who +sacrificed Himself for us, is ever with us in the Blessed Sacrament of +the altar, to soothe our cares and answer our prayers. Yes, the grand +feature of the Catholic Church is the holy altar. On the altar is the +tabernacle for the residence of the Lord of Hosts. + +There our "hidden God," Jesus in the Eucharist, dwells night and day in +the midst of His people, saying to them with words of love, "Come to me +all you that are burdened and heavy laden, and I will refresh you." + +The Mass, independent of its sacrificial aspect, consists of the best +prayers ever uttered. The priest begins by making the sign of the cross, +"In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost." This +sign is an epitome of the Christian's belief in the unity and trinity of +God and in the incarnation and death of Jesus Christ. After making the +sign of the cross he repeats the 42d psalm, "Judge me, O God," and then +makes an humble confession of his sins to God. He ascends the altar and +nine times asks God to have mercy on him, _Kyrie Eleison_; then follows +the beautiful hymn the shepherds heard the angels singing at the birth +of the Saviour, _Gloria in Excelsis Deo_. + +The prayer of the feast, the epistle and gospel follow, and then the +sermon in the vernacular is usually preached. After the Nicene Creed, +_Credo in Unum Deum_, the priest makes the offering of bread and wine. +He then washes the tips of his fingers, saying: "I will wash my hands +among the innocent," by which he is reminded to be free from stain to +offer worthily the Holy Sacrifice. + +The preface, canon, and solemn words of consecration follow, during +which the bread and wine are changed by the power of Jesus Christ into +His body and blood. In a short time he comes to the best of all prayers, +the prayer taught us by Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, the Our +Father, _Pater Noster_. The _Agnus Dei_ follows, then the communion, +when he partakes of the consecrated bread and wine, and afterward gives +holy communion to the faithful. He then continues the Mass, gives his +blessing, and finishes the Mass with the beginning of the Gospel of St. +John. Hence you see that, besides the great sacrifice which makes it an +act worthy of God, the Mass consists of the best of all prayers. + +From what has been said it is evident that ceremonies in the worship of +God are reasonable, being sanctioned by God in the Old and New +Testaments; that the holy sacrifice of the Mass is the greatest of all +acts of worship; and that the Catholic Church in using ceremonies is but +following the example of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ and His +apostles. St. John in the Book of Revelations tells us that before the +throne of God angels stand with golden censers, multitudes from all +nations follow and adore the Lamb, while virgins sing the new song which +they alone can utter. So, too, before the throne of God on earth we +swing our censers, multitudes from all nations prostrate themselves in +adoration, the sweet incense of their praise and prayer ascends to the +throne of grace, their minds are enlightened by God's word, while their +hearts are raised to God by the grandeur of our ceremonies. + +The Son of God, after having taught us by His word, shown us by His +example, and merited for us by His grace the virtues necessary for +salvation, wished to institute the holy sacrifice of the Mass, that He +might come Himself in the Holy Sacrament and imprint them upon us. Of +these virtues, the most important are _humility_, _purity_, _obedience_, +_patience_, and _charity_. + +Let us always ask God when present at the holy Mass for a lively faith +in His _Real Presence_, an ardent love for Him in the Blessed Sacrament +of the altar, and the grace to imitate His humility, His purity, His +meekness, obedience, patience, and charity _here_, and enjoy His +presence forever _hereafter_. + +The following beautiful words of Cardinal Newman show that the Mass is +something more than a mere form of words, and that ceremonies are +reasonable as well as necessary in its celebration: + +"To me nothing is so consoling, so piercing, so thrilling, so +overcoming, as the Mass said as it is among us. I could attend Masses +forever and not be tired. It is not a mere form of words--it is a great +action, the greatest action that can be on earth. It is not the +invocation merely, but, if I dare use the word, the evocation of the +Eternal. He becomes present on the altar in flesh and blood, before Whom +angels bow and devils tremble. This is that awful event which is the +scope and the interpretation of every part of the solemnity. Words are +necessary, but as means, not as ends; they are not mere addresses to the +throne of grace, they are instruments of what is far higher, of +consecration, of sacrifice. + +"They hurry on as if impatient to fulfil their mission. Quickly they go, +for they are awful words of sacrifice; they are a work too great to +delay upon, as when it was said in the beginning, 'What thou doest, do +quickly.' Quickly they pass, for the Lord Jesus goes with them, as He +passed along the lake in the days of His flesh, quickly calling first +one and then another; quickly they pass, because as the lightning which +shineth from one part of the heaven unto the other, so is the coming of +the Son of Man. + +"Quickly they pass, for they are as the words of Moses, when the Lord +came down in the cloud, calling on the name of the Lord as He passed by, +'The Lord, the Lord God, merciful and generous, long suffering, and +abundant in goodness and truth.' And as Moses on the mountain, so we, +too, make haste and bow our heads to the earth and adore. + +"So we, all around, each in his place, look for the great Advent +'waiting for the moving of the water,' each in his place, with his own +heart, with his own wants, with his own prayers, separate but +concordant, watching what is going on, watching its progress, uniting in +its consummation; not painfully, and hopelessly following a hard form of +prayer from beginning to end, but like a concert of musical instruments +each different, but concurring in sweet harmony, we take our post with +God's priest, supporting him, yet guided by him. There are little +children there, and old men, and simple laborers, and students in +seminaries, priests preparing for Mass, priests making their +thanksgiving, there are innocent maidens, and there are penitent +sinners; but out of these many minds rises one Eucharistic hymn, and the +great action is the measure and the scope of it." + + + +The Practices of the Catholic Church + +I. Vespers and Benediction + +"Remember that thou keep holy the Sabbath day" (_Ex_. xx. 8). + +THIS commandment teaches us that God wills the whole Sunday to be spent +in His honor. We should sanctify it by good works, and by assisting at +divine service. On that day servile works and improper amusements are +forbidden. A salutary rest and moderate recreation are allowed, but +never at the expense of duties of obligation. After hearing Mass on +Sunday morning, which is obligatory on all Catholics, there is no better +way of sanctifying the remainder of the day than by attending Vespers +and Benediction. + +The Vesper service is a small portion of the divine office, which +priests must recite daily, for God's honor and glory. It consists of +five of the psalms of David (Dixit Dominus, Ps. 109; Confitebor tibi, +Ps. 110; Beatus vir, Ps. 111; Laudate pueri, Ps. 112; In exitu Israel, +Ps. 113, or Laudate Dominum, Ps. 116), a hymn, the Magnificat, or +canticle of the Virgin Mary, from the first chapter of St. Luke, and +some prayers. Is it not reasonable thus to praise God in psalms and +hymns and spiritual canticles? + +Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament usually follows Vespers. The +Catholic Church teaches that Jesus Christ is really present in the +Blessed Sacrament. The reasonableness of this teaching will be seen in +the following article. + +Since Jesus Christ is present, He ought to be adored by the faithful. +Faithful adorers frequently visit Him in the Blessed Sacrament and +worship Him in "spirit and in truth." Hence, the Blessed Sacrament is +kept in the Tabernacle on our altars to soothe our cares, answer our +prayers, and be ready at any time to be administered to the sick and +dying. + +Besides our private devotion to the Blessed Sacrament, the Church has +appointed solemn rites to show publicly our faith and devotion toward +the Real Presence of Jesus Christ. These rites are processions on Corpus +Christi, the Forty Hours' devotion, and, especially, the rite called +Benediction. + +When it is time for Benediction many candles are lighted on the altar. +This is done to show our faith in the Real Presence of Jesus Christ. If +He were not present, this display would be unreasonable, unnecessary, +and meaningless. But the candles we light, the incense we burn, the +flowers and other ornaments we use to decorate the altar, and all that +we do for Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ can not be too much. + +Everything being prepared, the priest takes the Blessed Sacrament out of +the tabernacle, and, placing it in the ostensorium, exposes it on an +elevated throne, while the choir sings in honor of the Blessed Sacrament +the hymn "O Salutaris Hostia," "O Saving Host." The priest incenses Our +Lord in the Blessed Sacrament, as, according to the Apocalypse, angels +do in heaven. Another hymn or a litany follows; after which is sung the +"Tantum Ergo," "Down in adoration falling," followed by a prayer by the +priest. Then in the midst of a solemn silence (except that a small bell +is tinkled) the priest takes the monstrance, or ostensorium, containing +the Blessed Sacrament, and, turning toward the people, makes with it the +sign of the cross over them, thus blessing the faithful with the Most +Holy One. + +This is certainly a most touching and impressive rite even to those who +do not believe in it. Cardinal Newman calls it one of the most +beautiful, natural, and soothing practices of the Church. No one will +deny that this practice, or rite of the Church, is reasonable, if Jesus +Christ is really present in the Blessed Sacrament. That He is really +present is our belief. This being our belief, is it not reasonable to +light candles as a sign of spiritual joy, and thus to show our faith in +Him who is the light of the world? He gave us all that we have. He gave +us the beautiful world we dwell upon with its variety of scenery--with +its snow-capped mountains, its green-carpeted hills, and its blooming +valleys. He has no need of our gifts; for the earth is His "and the +fulness thereof." Yet as He was pleased to receive the gifts of the Magi +and the precious ointment of Mary, so, too, is He pleased to receive our +offerings. And is anything too good, too beautiful, too precious, for +Him? Can the altar on which He dwells be too richly adorned? Are the +pure candles we light, the sweet incense we burn, the choice flowers and +costly ornaments with which we decorate the altar, too much to use in +honor of Our Lord and our God? Yes, the Catholic practice or rite of +Benediction is dictated by right reason. Everything connected with +Benediction is reasonable, beautiful, and suggestive of the _noblest +sentiments of the heart of man_. + +[Illustration: Mary, Star of the Sea.] + + + +II. Devotion to the Blessed Sacrament + +"And whilst they were at supper, Jesus took bread, and blessed, and +broke, and gave to His disciples, and said: take ye and eat. This is My +body" (_Matt_. xxvi. 26). + +PERHAPS no mystery of revelation has been so universally attacked as the +Real Presence of Jesus Christ in the Blessed Sacrament of the Altar. + +By the Real Presence is meant that Jesus Christ is really and truly, +body and blood, soul and divinity, present in the Blessed Sacrament, +under the form and appearance of bread and wine. + +This teaching of the Church is in perfect agreement with Scripture, +tradition, and reason. + +If the reader will take up his Bible and read carefully the 6th chapter +of the Gospel according to St. John; the 26th chapter, 26th, 27th, and +28th verses of St. Matthew; the 14th chapter, 22d verse of St. Mark; the +First Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians, 10th chapter, 16th verse, +as well as other portions of the New Testament, he will certainly see +that the Catholic teaching and practice concerning the Real Presence of +Jesus Christ in the Blessed Sacrament are founded on Scripture. In this +6th chapter of St. John, we learn that before instituting the Blessed +Sacrament Our Saviour wished to announce or promise it to His disciples +in order to prepare them for it. He first gave them a figure of the +Blessed Sacrament in the multiplication of the five loaves of bread by +which He fed five thousand persons. After this miracle He told them that +He would give them bread superior to that which they had eaten, and that +this bread was His own flesh and blood. "The bread that I will give is +My flesh, for the life of the world." It is almost impossible to +understand these words of Our Lord in any other than a literal sense. He +was so understood by those who heard Him. "How can this man give us his +flesh to eat?" they said, and many withdrew from Him. It is but +reasonable to believe that if He did not wish to be understood in a +literal sense He would have told His hearers so, rather than have them +leave Him. + +This promise of a doctrine so difficult to understand was fulfilled at +the Last Supper. + +Then Jesus took bread, and blessed, and broke, and gave to His +disciples, and said: "Take ye and eat. This is My body." And taking the +chalice He gave thanks; and gave to them, saying: "Drink ye all of this. +For this is My blood of the new testament which shall be shed for many +for the remission of sins." + +"Do this for a commemoration of Me." + +These are substantially the words of SS. Matthew, Mark, Luke, and of the +apostle Paul. + +In the 10th chapter of the First Epistle to the Corinthians, St. Paul +says: "The chalice of benediction which we bless, is it not the +communion of the blood of Christ? And the bread which we break, is it +not the partaking of the body of the Lord?" + +Any one of these texts abundantly proves the Catholic doctrine of the +Real Presence, and shows the reasonableness of the Catholic practice +regarding the Blessed Sacrament. Reflect upon them. Reflect especially +upon the words of Christ, "This is My body." Think what an insult it is +to the divinity and veracity of Christ to doubt His word, because you +can not understand how what appears to be bread is in reality His own +body and blood. + +If you remember that Jesus Christ is God, that He had the power to make +this change, that He could confer this power on others, as the apostles +and their successors, that He did so when He said: "Do this in +commemoration of Me," and that this change at the present time as at the +time of the apostles is made by His almighty power, you will have no +difficulty in believing it. + +The belief and practice of the Catholic Church of to-day regarding the +Blessed Sacrament is the same as it was in every age since the time of +Christ. The history of every century tells us this. The Fathers, +Doctors, and Church writers of every age say the same. If it were not +so, some one ought to be able to find the time when the doctrine was +invented, and the person who invented it. But, since no one has been +able to find the inventor of this doctrine and practice, the time or +place of the invention, we rightly conclude that they came down to us +from the time of Christ, and had Christ for an author. (Berengarius, in +the eleventh century, was the first who denied this doctrine.) If, then, +Christ is the author, is not the Catholic practice reasonable? + +But I don't understand the Catholic doctrine regarding the Blessed +Sacrament, some one may say; therefore it is contrary to reason. Dear +reader, did the consummate puerility, silliness, foolishness of such an +objection ever present itself to you? Do you understand the Blessed +Trinity? And is it contrary to reason? No. Although above reason, it is +not against it. Do you understand how Jesus Christ is both God and man? +Do you understand any mystery? No. If you did it would no longer be a +mystery. For a mystery is something above human intelligence. It is +something incomprehensible to us, for it pertains to the divine +intelligence. And as well might you attempt to pour the mighty ocean +into a small hole on the shore, as attempt to hold with your limited +capacity the illimitable ocean of divinity. The proper office of reason +is to examine the evidences of revelation, and see if God has spoken. +But it constitutes no part of its office to dispute the word of God. +That God has spoken is evident from the fulfilment of many prophecies +and the authority of many miracles. That these prophecies have been +fulfilled, and these miracles performed, is as certain as is any +historical fact. Reason teaches us this. It teaches us, too, that no one +but God (or by the power of God) can prophesy; no one but God can +derogate from the order of nature, by the performance of a miracle. +Reason teaches us, then, that God has spoken. When we know God speaks, +genuine reason will dictate that we humbly believe His holy word. Thus +will true reason ever act. And when God says, "This is My body," it will +not hesitate to believe. + +We all believe that at the baptism of Our Saviour by St. John Baptist, +the Holy Ghost appeared in the form of a dove. Now, is it not as +reasonable for Jesus Christ, the second person of the Blessed Trinity, +to appear in the form of bread as it was for the Holy Ghost, the third +person of the Trinity, to appear in the form of a dove? We must +therefore admit that the Catholic doctrine of the Real Presence of Jesus +Christ in the Blessed Sacrament is reasonable; that it has been believed +by the Christian Church of every age from the time of Christ until the +present time; and that it is taught by SS. Matthew, Mark, Luke, and +John, and by St. Paul in clear and unmistakable terms. + +Now, dear reader, since Jesus Christ is really present, is not the +Catholic practice regarding the Blessed Sacrament reasonable? Should we +not honor Our Lord and Our God? Should we not adore Him as really +present in the Blessed Sacrament? Should we not frequently receive Him +with pure and contrite hearts? Should we not, when we enter the church, +genuflect, bend the knee in His honor? Should we not show Him every mark +of respect and devotion? Can we do too much in His honor? Let us, then, +adore Our Lord and Our God, for we are His people and the sheep of His +pasture. Let us return love for love to the great King of suffering, who +was born for love of us, who died for love of us, and who, for love of +us, remains ever with us in the Blessed Sacrament. Let us ask that our +faith and love may persevere to the end; that loving and adoring Him +here in the Blessed Sacrament of His love, _we may be united with Him +forever hereafter_. + + + +III. Holy Communion + +"He that eateth this bread shall live forever" (_John_ vi. 59) + +HOLY communion is receiving the body and blood of Christ in the Blessed +Sacrament. The clergy when saying Mass, except on Good Friday, receive +under both forms. When not celebrating Mass, they receive only the one +kind, the consecrated bread. In the early ages of the Church communion +was given to the people under both forms. + +The faithful, however, could, if they wished, dispense with one form and +receive under the form of bread. This shows that the Church always +taught that Christ is entire both under the form of bread and under the +form of wine. At one time the faithful received under both forms; now +they receive under one form, the form of bread. It is merely a matter of +discipline, which the Church could change, if circumstances demanded it. +Whether you receive under one form or both, you receive whole and entire +the body and blood of Christ. This is clearly taught by St. Paul in the +11th chapter of the First Epistle to the Corinthians, where he says: +"Whosoever shall eat this bread, _or_ drink the chalice of the Lord +_unworthily_, shall be guilty of the body _and_ blood of the Lord." + +How could a person eating that bread unworthily be guilty of the body +and blood of the Lord, unless the body and blood of the Lord were there +under the form of bread? + +Since Jesus Christ is whole and entire under the form of bread, as well +as under the form of wine, the practice of the Catholic Church of giving +holy communion under one form is reasonable. + +Good Christians frequently receive their Lord and their God in holy +communion. He inspires them with feelings of love, gratitude, and +adoration. He reminds them to think frequently of their Creator--to give +Him their first thoughts in the morning and their last in the evening. +He gives them strength to restrain their guilty passions. + +Holy Communion is the seed of immortality. "He that eateth this bread +_shall live forever_." + + + +IV. Confirmation + +"Then they laid their hands upon them, and they received the Holy Ghost" +(_Acts_ viii. 17). + +BEFORE the coming of the Holy Ghost on Pentecost, the apostles were weak +and vacillating. One of them betrayed his Master for thirty pieces of +silver; another--the Prince of the Apostles, he whom Christ afterward +made head of His Church--thrice denied his Lord and his God. + +After the descent of the Holy Ghost, what a change! What a wonderful +transformation! They who before had been as timid as the lamb, as +changeable as the chameleon's hue, became now as bold as the lion, as +firm as Gibraltar's rock. + +In a similar way does Confirmation act on the receiver. Confirmation is +that sacrament in which, by the imposition of the bishop's hands, we +receive the Holy Ghost to make us strong and perfect Christians and +soldiers of Jesus Christ. It is the second in the order of the +sacraments, because the early Christians were accustomed to receive it +immediately after Baptism. In the 8th chapter of the Acts of the +Apostles we find the first recorded instance of the administering of +Confirmation by the apostles. Here we are told that St. Peter and St. +John confirmed the Samaritans who had been baptized by Philip. "They +prayed for them that they might receive the Holy Ghost. . . . Then they +laid their hands upon them, and they received the Holy Ghost." In a +similar way does the bishop, the successor of the apostles, administer +Confirmation at the present day. First, he turns toward those to be +confirmed and says: "May the Holy Ghost come down upon you and the power +of the Most High keep you from sin." Then extending his hands over them +he prays that they may receive the Holy Ghost. + +In the 6th verse of the 19th chapter of the Acts the sacred writer, +after telling about the baptism of the disciples at Ephesus, adds: "And +when Paul had laid his hands upon them the Holy Ghost came on them." In +the 6th chapter of the Epistle to the Hebrews St. Paul mentions +Confirmation, the laying on of hands, with Baptism and Penance, as among +the principal practices of Christianity. + +The sacrament of Confirmation has been administered to the faithful of +every age from the time of Christ until the present. We learn this from +the Fathers and writers of the various ages. Among them St. Clement +says: "All must make haste to be confirmed by a bishop, and receive the +sevenfold grace of the Holy Ghost." The practice of administering +Confirmation is founded on tradition, then, as well as on Scripture. Is +it not reasonable to believe and practise that which the Christian +Church of every age believed and practised? + +The apostles of Christ administered Confirmation by praying that the +faithful may receive the Holy Ghost and laying their hands upon them. +The successors of the apostles do likewise. Who will say that this +practice is not reasonable? Baptism gives spiritual life; Confirmation +increases it. Baptism makes persons children of God; Confirmation +strengthens them, causes them to grow, and makes them strong men and +soldiers of Jesus Christ. + +All the morality of life is implied in the sacrament of Confirmation. It +strengthens man, it gives him courage to confess God; and as sin is the +denial of God, whoever has courage to confess _God will practise +virtue_. + + + +V. Honoring the Blessed Virgin + +"The angel Gabriel was sent from God . . . to a Virgin . . . and the +Virgin's name was Mary. And the angel being come in said to her: Hail, +full of grace, the Lord is with thee; blessed art thou among women" +(_Luke_ i. 26, 28). + +"From henceforth all generations shall call me blessed" (_Luke_ i. 48). + +THESE words from St. Luke show that the Catholic practice of honoring +Mary is scriptural. We alone fulfil the prophecy, "From henceforth all +generations shall call me blessed." If Mary was so pure that the +archangel Gabriel could salute her as full of grace; if she was so +perfect as to be honored, respected, and loved by her divine Son, Jesus +Christ, is it not reasonable that we, too, should honor, respect, and +love her? + +How we honor the sword of Washington! What a cluster of tender +recollections clings to the staff of Franklin! Is there a loyal American +citizen who does not think with feelings of love and respect of the +mother of our Revolutionary hero, or who would not doff his hat at the +unveiling of a statue of the sage of Monticello? And why? Is it on +account of their intrinsic merit? No. We honor them principally on +account of the relation they bear to those three brightest stars in the +American firmament. So it is with the honor we show to Mary, the Mother +of God. Although she was an example of all virtues, we honor her +principally because it was through her instrumentality He was born by +whom we achieved not civil liberty, but the liberty of the children of +God. She did not draw lightning from heaven, nor the scepter from kings; +but she brought forth Him who is the Lord of heaven and King of kings. + +The principal reason, then, why we honor Mary is because she is the +Mother of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. This honor consists of +love, respect, and veneration. We love her with an interior love, a love +proceeding from the heart; nor should we fear to let this love appear +outwardly. When others revile her, speak disrespectfully of her, we +should shrink from the very idea of acting similarly toward her. We +should then remember that she is the Mother of Our Saviour, and should +ask ourselves how we would have acted toward her had we lived in her day +and been witnesses of the honor shown her by her divine Son. By so doing +we will show her that love which is her due. Our respect, our veneration +for her, should be affectionate and deep. When we remember that it was +her hand that first lifted from the ground and received in maternal +embrace the sacred body of Jesus, just born and just dead; when we think +how respectfully Elizabeth greeted her; when we recall to mind the +reverent salutation of the archangel; when we consider the honor shown +her by the apostles and by her own divine Son, can we help feeling a +deep love, respect, and veneration for her? You see, dear reader, +honoring Mary is scriptural and reasonable. + +But if we should honor her principally because she is the Mother of God, +we should also honor her because she is the peerless glory, the +matchless jewel of her sex. She constitutes a sole exception to a +general law. Sin never contaminated, never touched her fair soul. This +is what we mean by the Immaculate Conception. + +God created the first man free from sin. But he transgressed the law of +God, and, by his transgression, all his posterity are born in sin and +conceived in iniquity. For St. Paul says: "By one man sin entered into +this world, and by sin death; and so death passed upon all men, in whom +all have sinned" (_Rom._ v. 12). But God promised that the woman, Mary, +should crush the head of the serpent. Now if she was to crush the head +of the serpent, it was fit that she should never be under his power, +that she should be pure, free from sin of every kind. + +There have been exceptions to all general laws. At the time of the +deluge Noe was saved. Lot was saved from the destruction of Sodom. In +like manner, the Blessed Virgin is an exception to the general law that +all sinned in Adam. Isaias and St. John Baptist were sanctified in their +mother's womb. Was it any more difficult for God to sanctify Mary at the +moment of her conception, at the moment of the union of her soul with +her body? God chose His own Mother. If He had the power to choose her +did He not also have the power to preserve her from original sin? And +does it not appear to you most fitting that God, the Holy Ghost, should +preserve His spouse, and God, the Son, His Mother, from sin of every +kind? + +"Hail, full of grace," the angel said to her. If she was full of grace, +no vacancy was left for sin. Grace denotes the absence of sin, as light +denotes the absence of darkness. Hence if Mary was full of grace, she +was never subject to sin; she was always pure and her conception +immaculate. It is but natural, then, that we arrive at the belief in the +Immaculate Conception, at the belief in the sinlessness, the +spotlessness of the Blessed Virgin from the very beginning of her +existence. If we honor Mary principally because the angel honored her, +because God honored her, we honor her, also, because of her immaculate +conception and total freedom from sin. She was a model of all virtues. +Is it not reasonable, then, to honor Mary, to love her, and to believe +that she loves us? If we honor the good and virtuous, where can we find +a nobler example of virtue than Mary? What a beautiful model Mary is for +Christians, and especially for Christian women! Good Catholic mothers +are continually urging upon their daughters the necessity of choosing as +a model Mary, the true type of female excellence. In Mary you find all +that is tender, loving, constant, and true. In her you find all virtues. +In her humility she refused the highest honors; while in patience she +endured more anguish and agony than any other creature on earth. + +Mary is a creature of God. As the praise we bestow on a beautiful +picture redounds to the glory of the artist, so the honor we give Mary +redounds to God, since we honor her for His sake. Let us honor her. That +person who honors the Blessed Virgin; who loves, respects, and venerates +her as the Mother of God; who takes her as a model and imitates her +virtues; who prays to her in trials and afflictions and asks her +intercession with her divine Son, does not only act in a reasonable +manner, but such action is certain to make the path through this world +smooth and easy and at the same time safe to a life of _eternal +happiness_. + + + +VI. Confession of Sin + +"Whom when He saw He said: Go, show yourselves to the priests" (_Luke_ +xvii. 14). + +"Receive ye the Holy Ghost; whose sins ye shall forgive, they are +forgiven them, and whose sins ye shall retain, they are retained" +(_John_ xx. 23). + +THE whole of the life of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ may be summed +up in these words of the Acts: "He went about doing good." He healed the +sick, gave sight to the blind, hearing to the deaf, and raised the dead +to life. + +The healing of the body, however, was to Him a secondary object. The +healing of the soul was His mission on earth. He frequently called the +attention of His followers to this. For example, He cured the man of the +palsy to prove that as man He had the power to forgive sins. Another +example is when He gives us in the cure of the lepers a figure of sin +and its cure. + +Leprosy has always been considered a figure of sin. As leprosy covers +the body and makes it disgusting and frightful to behold, so sin covers +the soul and makes it hideous in the sight of God. The Old Law required +lepers to separate themselves from society until their cure was +certified to by the priests who were appointed for this purpose. Our +Lord has been pleased, in the New Law, to institute a similar method for +the cure of the more fatal leprosy of sin. The spiritual leper, the +sinner, is to show himself to the priest, make known the diseased state +of his soul, and submit to the inspection and treatment of the priest, +who is the divinely appointed physician of the soul. But should we not +go directly to God, since God alone has power to justify us? It is true, +God alone can effect our justification; but He has appointed the priest +to judge in His place and pass sentence in His name. To the priests He +has said: "Whatsoever you shall bind upon earth shall be bound in +heaven, and whatsoever you shall loose upon earth shall be loosed also +in heaven" (_Matt._ xviii. 18); and again: "Whose sins you shall +forgive, they are forgiven, and whose sins you shall retain, they are +retained" (_John_ xx. 23). These two texts clearly show that auricular +confession as practised in the Catholic Church was taught by Christ. For +how could the apostles and their successors, the pastors of the Church, +know what sins to bind and retain and what sins to loose and forgive +unless the sins were confessed to them and they were allowed to judge? + +No matter how numerous or how great these are, provided they are +confessed with a sincere repentance, they will be forgiven. And they +will be forgiven by the power of the priest. Properly speaking, God +alone has power to forgive sins. But no one will deny that He has power +to confer this power on others. He communicated this power to His +apostles and commanded them, in turn, to communicate it to others by +means of the Sacrament of Holy Orders. + +That Our Saviour communicated this power to His apostles is evident from +the words of St. John: "As the Father hath sent Me I also send you. +Receive ye the Holy Ghost; whose sins you shall forgive, they are +forgiven." But sin was to continue till the end of the world. Hence the +necessity of the means of forgiving sin being coextensive with sin. As +the people receive from the priests the Word of God and the cleansing +from sin in Baptism, so also do they receive from them the cleansing +from sin in confession. + +It is certain that the apostles conferred the power of forgiving sins +upon others, if we find that those whom the apostles ordained this +power. But we find this to be the case. + +From the time of Christ until the present the writers of every age tell +us that confession of sins was practised. St. John, who lived until the +beginning of the second century, says in the 1st chapter of his First +Epistle: "If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us +our sins and to cleanse us from all iniquity." + +St. Cyprian, who wrote in the third century, says: "Let each of you +confess his faults, and the pardon imparted by the priest is acceptable +before God." + +St. Ambrose, in the fourth century, wrote: "The poison is sin; the +remedy, the accusation of one's crime. The poison is iniquity: +confession is the remedy." + +St. Augustine, who lived in the fifth century, seems to be talking to +some people of the present day, who say they confess in private to God, +when he says: "Let no one say to himself, I do penance to God in +private, I do it before God. Is it then in vain that Christ hath said: +'Whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven'? Is it +in vain that the keys have been given to the Church? Do we make void the +Gospel? void the words of Christ?" + +These first five centuries were the golden age of Christianity. All +admit that the doctrines and practices of those early centuries were +pure and undefiled, as they came from Christ. But among the practices of +the time we find confession. Hence it is a reasonable practice, because +conformable to Christ's teaching. We might continue quotations from +writers of every century from the sixth to the nineteenth, showing that +the teaching and practice of confession did not vary through the lapse +of ages from the time of Christ until the present day. But this is +unnecessary. The quotations from the first five centuries show that the +power of forgiving sin was not only communicated by Christ to His +apostles, but by them to their successors by means of the sacrament of +Holy Orders. What would be the necessity of this power if they could not +exercise it in confession? If, as some say, priests invented confession, +some one ought to find out and tell us when and where it was invented, +and why they did not exempt themselves from such a humiliating practice. + +Confession alone, however, will be of no avail without contrition. +Contrition is a sincere sorrow and detestation for sin with a firm +determination to sin no more. To the truly humble and sorrowful sinner +confession is not a punishment, but a remedy for a tortured conscience. +The most painful secret to be kept by a heart not yet corrupted by +disease is the secret of sin and crime. The soul that loves God hates +sin and desires to separate herself from it. To this desire is +associated the desire of expiating it. All, from the mother who +questions her child about wrongdoing to the judge who interrogates the +criminal, recognize in spontaneous confession an expiatory power. + +Confession, it is true, is necessarily accompanied by shame and +humiliation. This humiliation is diminished by the knowledge that it is +of divine origin and that eternal silence is divinely imposed upon him +who receives it. Priests never divulge what they know from the +confessional. They have been ill-treated, as was Father Kohlmann in this +country; have even been tortured and cruelly put to death, as was St. +John Nepomucene, in order to extort from them knowledge they gained in +the confessional, but without avail. For what they knew through the +tribunal of penance, they knew as ministers of God. And as it is better +to obey God than man, no minister of state could force them to divulge +that which the laws of God forbid. + +Only sinners, who after a thorough preparation, a sincere sorrow, and a +good confession, can realize the soothing and beneficial effects of +confession, and feel with David, "Blessed are they whose sins are +forgiven." If you have ever noticed such after leaving the confessional +you could see joy beaming on their countenances, as if a heavy burden +had been removed. + +Confession quiets the conscience. But this is only one of the benefits +it confers upon those who practise going to confession. It has also a +salutary influence upon their morals; for one of its necessary +conditions is promise of amendment. + +The pagans of the first centuries were aware of the guiding and +reforming power of the confessional. Voltaire, the leading infidel of +the last century, one who made sport of everything Christian, says that +"there is, perhaps, no wiser institution, and that confession is an +excellent thing, a restraint upon inveterate crime, a very good practice +to prevent the guilty from falling into despair and relapsing into sin, +to influence hearts full of hate to forgive and robbers to make +restitution--that the enemies of the _Romish_ Church who have opposed so +beneficial an institution have taken from man the greatest restraint +that can be put upon crime." While his everyday experience forced these +words of praise from the arch-infidel, his hatred of the Church creeps +out in the word "Romish." + +Confession of sin, as we have seen, is a _reasonable practice_, because +it was taught by Jesus Christ, and by His apostles and their successors +from Christ's time until the present; but _especially_ because it has +the power of soothing and pacifying the conscience by freeing it from +the torture of sin, the poison of crime. It is not strange, then, that +it is so dear to virtuous souls. It is offensive only to those whose +hearts are so hardened as to blunt the sting of remorse. Confession is +Christianity using its moral power to correct and perfect the +individual. In the confessional the minister of God is continually +coming in contact with hearts in which reigns an idol that he +overthrows, a bad practice that he causes to cease, or some injustice +that he has repaired. + +Confession is one of the gates by which Christianity penetrates the +interior man, wipes away stains, heals diseases, and sows therein the +seeds of virtue. The lives and experience of millions are witness of the +truth of this. Is it not, then, a reasonable, a beneficial practice? It +is only the malicious or the ignorant who calumniate the practice and +the consecrated minister who sits in judgment in the sacred tribunal. +Those who lay aside their prejudice and study the question soon become +convinced of its divine origin. A little study and reflection will show +them that confession of sin benefits society by preventing crimes that +would destroy government, cause riots, and fill prisons; that it +promotes human justice, makes men better, nobler, purer, higher, and +more Godlike; that it soothes the sorrowful heart whose crime might make +the despairing suicide; and that individuals and families who +frequently, intelligently, and properly approach this fountain of God's +grace will receive His blessing here _and a pledge of His union +hereafter_. + + + +VII. Granting Indulgences + +"Whatsoever you shall bind upon earth shall be bound in heaven, and +whatsoever you shall loose upon earth shall be loosed also in heaven" +(Matt xviii. 18). + +OF THE many practices of the Church, few have been the cause of more +controversy than that of granting indulgences. Though not the cause, the +granting of an indulgence furnished a pretext for Luther's apostasy. Leo +X, who was Pope at that time, desiring to complete St. Peter's at Rome, +appealed to all Catholics for financial aid. There was certainly nothing +wrong in this. With these alms it was intended that the most magnificent +Christian temple in the world would be completed. + + "Majesty, Power, Glory, Strength, and Beauty, all are aisled + In this eternal ark of worship undefiled." + +All who contributed toward the completion of St. Peter's and complied +with the necessary conditions were granted an indulgence. + +The alms were not one of the indispensable conditions. Those conditions +were a sincere repentance and confession. Hence, those who did not +contribute could gain the indulgence. Perhaps the Dominican Tetzel, who +was chosen to announce the indulgence, exceeded his powers and made them +serve his own ends. + +His action in the affair was not approved by Rome. If it is certain that +the Pope did nothing wrong in asking for aid to build that beautiful +monument to religion, it is equally certain that he did nothing wrong, +that he did not exceed the limits of his powers when he granted the +indulgence. In order to understand this, we must have a clear idea of +what is meant by an indulgence. + +You frequently hear it said that it is the forgiveness of sin, or that +it is a permission given to commit sin. It is neither the one nor the +other. An indulgence is not the forgiveness of sin. In fact, an +indulgence can not be gained until sin has been forgiven. One of the +necessary conditions for gaining an indulgence is confession. + +Neither is an indulgence a license, a permission to commit sin. No one, +not even God Himself, could give permission to commit sin. For God is +all good, and although all powerful He can not sanction that which is +evil in itself. It would be contrary to His very nature. An indulgence, +then, is not what it has been painted. Having seen what an indulgence is +not, let us see what it is. It is a remission of the whole or a part of +the debt of temporal punishment due to sin after the guilt and eternal +punishment have been forgiven in the sacrament of Penance. + +In the early ages of the Church notorious sinners, after being absolved, +were sentenced to long public penances. By sincere sorrow, an indulgence +or remission of some of the time was granted them. Public confession and +public penances have passed away. These public penances are replaced by +pious devotions. Upon the performance of certain pious devotions the +Church at times grants an indulgence; that is, a remission of such +temporal punishment as is equivalent to the canonical penances +corresponding to the sins committed. + +Attached to every mortal sin, besides the guilt, is the punishment +incurred. This punishment is eternal and temporal. That there is this +twofold punishment we learn from various places in the Bible. We have an +example in the sin of David. God sent the prophet Nathan to warn him of +his guilt. When Nathan rebuked the king, he confessed his sin with signs +of true contrition. Then Nathan told him that God had forgiven his sin, +but that many temporal punishments would follow. When God forgave the +sin, the guilt and eternal punishment were taken away; but temporal +punishment remained. Other examples could be cited, but this is +sufficient to show that there is a twofold kind of punishment--eternal +and temporal. In confession the guilt and eternal punishment are taken +away, but not always the temporal punishment. This temporal punishment +is what is taken away in whole by a plenary and in part by a partial +indulgence. + +In a similar manner we have a twofold punishment attached to crime in +this world. A man commits a crime. He is sentenced to a term in the +penitentiary. After spending his time of punishment he comes back to +society, but finds he has another punishment to undergo in being avoided +by his friends and others. + +The practice of granting indulgences was founded on many passages of +Scripture, both of the Old and New Testament. In the 12th chapter of the +book of Numbers we learn that Mary, the sister of Moses, was forgiven a +sin which she had committed. But God inflicted upon her the penalty of +leprosy. This was a temporal punishment. By the prayer of Moses an +indulgence was granted; for God took away the temporal punishment. + +Our divine Lord left with His Church the power of granting indulgences, +as we learn from His words taken from St. Matthew: "Whatsoever you shall +loose upon earth shall be loosed also in heaven." This promise implies +the power of loosing not only from sin and its eternal punishment, but +also the power of releasing the bond of temporal punishment, of freeing +from everything that would prevent the soul from entering the kingdom of +heaven. St. Paul granted an indulgence to the incestuous Corinthian, as +we learn from the 2d chapter of his Second Epistle to the Corinthians. +By the power and authority which he received from Christ, he granted the +Corinthian pardon from performing a certain penance. This penance was a +temporal punishment. The apostle took away the temporal punishment. That +is an indulgence. + +Non-Catholics grant a kind of plenary indulgence to every one by saying +that works of penance are unnecessary. The practice of the Catholic +Church of granting an indulgence only to the deserving is certainly more +conformable to Scripture as well as more reasonable. + +Experience teaches us the utility of indulgences. They encourage the +faithful to frequent the sacraments, to repent, to do acts of penance, +and perform works of piety, charity, and devotion. + +A practice productive of such beneficial results is reasonable; it is +also reasonable because it is sanctioned by Scripture and the Church of +every age. For God would not sanction it nor could the Church practise +it if it were _not conformable to reason_. + + + +VIII. The Last Sacraments + +"Is any man sick among you? Let him bring in the priests of the Church, +and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the +Lord: And the prayer of faith shall save the sick man, and the Lord +shall raise him up, and if he be in sins they shall be forgiven him" +(_James_ v. 14, 15). + +BY THESE words St. James admonishes Christians when sick to do that +which Our Saviour had previously directed to be done. This you will +learn from the 6th chapter of St. Mark: "And [the apostles] anointed +with oil many that were sick." + +The historians of the first centuries tell us that the early Christians +were as anxious to receive the last sacraments as are the Catholics of +our own day. St. Cesarius, in the fifth century, writes: "As soon as a +person falls dangerously sick, he receives the body and blood of Jesus +Christ. Then his body is anointed, and thus is fulfilled what stands +written: 'Is any man sick among you? Let him call in the priests of the +Church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil.'" What the +Christians of the first centuries did, we do; and we do it by the +direction of Jesus Christ and of St. James. + +Penance, Holy Eucharist, and Extreme Unction are administered to the +sick and are known as the last sacraments. The priest first hears the +sick person's confession, then he administers holy communion. Afterward +he administers the sacrament of Extreme Unction--last anointing. + +This sacrament aids the sick to bear their sufferings with patience. It +wipes away sin, even mortal sin if the person is unable to confess; and +it purifies the soul for its entrance into heaven. The other sacraments +assist us in making our lives holy like the life of our divine Model. +This sacrament assists in making our death holy, like the death of +Jesus. The sacrament of Baptism met us at our entrance into this world; +the sacrament of Extreme Unction will be our guide at our departure to +the other world. Religion, which rocked us in the cradle of life, will +lull us to sleep in the cradle of death. + +Go to the bedside of the dying Catholic and you will see the +reasonableness of the practice of calling the priest to administer the +last sacraments. After the sacraments have been administered, peace and +joy and contentment are visible on the countenance of the sick person. +He clings no more to the things of earth. His thoughts are centered in +heaven. The minister of God consoles him with the thought of immortality +and the resurrection of the body. He soon hears the singing of the +angelic choir; and breathing the sweet names of Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, +his soul takes its flight to the _regions of eternal bliss_. + + + +IX. Praying for the Dead + +"It is therefore a holy and wholesome thought to pray for the dead, that +they may be loosed from their sins" (_2 Mach_. xii. 46). + +NO ONE will deny that the practice of praying for the dead is +reasonable, if the dead are benefited by our prayers. That our prayers +are beneficial to the departed we will endeavor to show. We are taught +by revelation that besides heaven and hell, a state of everlasting +pleasure and a state of eternal pain, there also exists a middle state +of punishment for those who die in venial sin, or who have not +sufficiently satisfied the justice of God for mortal sins already +forgiven. + +The people of God in the Old Law believed, and Jesus Christ and His +apostles in the New Law taught, the existence of this middle state. In +the Second Book of Machabees, quoted above, we read that the pious +general Judas Machabeus having made a collection, "sent twelve thousand +drachmas of silver to Jerusalem for sacrifices to be offered for the +dead [soldiers], thinking well and religiously concerning the +resurrection [for if he had not hoped that they that were slain should +rise again, it would have seemed superfluous and vain to pray for the +dead], and because he considered that they who had fallen asleep with +godliness had great grace laid up for them. It is, therefore, a holy and +wholesome thought to pray for the dead that they may be loosed from +their sins." If prayers were not beneficial to the dead, God would not +have sanctioned them. + +This is exactly the practice of the Catholic Church. We pray and offer +sacrifices for the souls in purgatory, just as Judas Machabeus did. Even +if the Books of Machabees were not inspired, it is historically true +that the Jews and almost all nations of antiquity believed in the +existence of purgatory and the utility of prayers for the souls detained +there. This universal consent is the voice of nature and of God. Hence +we see that the practice of praying for the dead is reasonable. + +This practice is in accordance with the teaching of Christ. In the 12th +chapter, 32d verse, of St. Matthew, He says: "He that shall speak +against the Holy Ghost, it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this +world nor in the world to come." + +These words teach us that some sins will be pardoned in the life to +come. They can not be pardoned in heaven, since nothing defiled can +enter heaven; nor can they be pardoned in hell, out of which there is no +redemption, for "their worm shall not die, and their fire shall not be +quenched." Therefore, there must be a state in the next world where sins +will be forgiven, and we call that place or state purgatory. And the +existence of purgatory implies the necessity of praying for those +detained there. The belief in the existence of purgatory and the +practice of praying for the faithful departed have existed in the Church +from the time of its foundation. + +Tertullian, who lived in the second century, considered it a solemn +duty, whose obligation came down from the apostles, to offer sacrifices +and prayers for the faithful departed. St. Augustine says: "The whole +Church received from the tradition of the Fathers to pray for those who +died in the communion of the body and blood of Christ." The dying +request of St. Monica, the mother of St. Augustine, is well known. "I +request you," she said, "that wherever you may be, you will remember me +at the altar of the Lord." And he assures us that he frequently and +fervently prayed for her soul. + +The teaching of the Church of every age confirms the teaching of the Old +and New Testament regarding purgatory and praying for the dead. To one +who believes in heaven and hell, a place of eternal pleasure and of +eternal punishment, the doctrine of purgatory must appear as a +necessity, and the practice of praying for the dead reasonable. For it +is certain that nothing defiled can enter heaven. But it is possible +that many die guilty of but slight sins. Therefore, it must be said that +these are damned, which is impious and absurd; that what is defiled can +enter heaven, which is unscriptural; or that there is a purgatory, a +state in which such souls are made pure as the driven snow, so that they +can enter into the presence of their Maker. For an infinitely just God +can not condemn to the same eternal punishment the child who dies guilty +of a slight fault and the hardened murderer. No. He will render to every +one according to his works. + +The doctrine of purgatory, then, is reasonable as well as scriptural and +traditional. Reasonable, too, is the practice of praying for the dead, +for they are still members of the Church. All the members of the Church, +consisting of the church militant on earth, the church triumphant in +heaven, and the church suffering in purgatory, are one family bound +together by the bond of charity. The members of the Church on earth pray +to those in heaven, who love us and pray for us; and we pray for those +in purgatory. They are God's friends deprived of heaven for a time. As +those in heaven rejoice when one sinner does penance, so those in +purgatory hear us, see us, love us, and are helped by our prayers. We +love them and never cease to pray for them and offer the Holy Sacrifice +for them. Even the unbeliever will stand or kneel by the remains of his +departed friend and offer a prayer for him, thus showing that praying +for the dead is reasonable and the natural dictate of the human heart. + + + +X. Praying to the Saints + +"And may the angel that delivereth me from all evils bless these boys" +(_Gen_. xlviii. 16). + +"So I say to you there shall be joy before the angels of God upon one +sinner doing penance" (_Luke_ xv. 10). + +"For in the resurrection they [the saints] shall be as the angels of God +in heaven" (_Matt_. xxii. 10). + +THE saints are friends of God. They are like the angels in heaven. We +honor them, not as we honor God, but on account of the relation they +bear to God. They are creatures of God, the work of His hands. When we +honor them, we honor God; as when we praise a beautiful painting, we +praise the artist. + +We do not believe that the saints can help us of themselves. But we ask +them to "pray for us." We believe that everything comes to us "through +Our Lord Jesus Christ." With these words all our prayers end. It is +useful, salutary, and reasonable to pray to the saints and ask them to +pray for us. No doubt all will admit the reasonableness of this practice +if the saints can hear and help us. + +That they hear and help us is evident from many passages of Scripture. +The patriarch Jacob would not have prayed to the angel to bless his +grandchildren Manasses and Ephraim (as we learn he did from _Gen_. +xlviii.), unless he knew the angel could do so. + +We are informed (_Luke_ xv.) that the angels rejoice when one sinner +does penance. We are also informed (_Matt_ xxii.) that the saints are +like the angels--_i.e._, have the same happiness and knowledge. + +Hence the saints, as well as the angels, can hear us, can help us, and +are acquainted with our actions, words, and thoughts. + +It is generally conceded that it is reasonable to ask pious persons on +earth to pray for us. St. Paul, in his epistles, frequently asks the +Christians to pray for him. "Brethren," he says, "pray for us." It is +well known that God was pleased to answer the prayer of Abraham in favor +of Abimelech. "More things are wrought by prayer than this world knows +of." Now, if we poor sinners here on earth do not pray in vain for one +another, will the saints in heaven, the friends of God, who rejoice when +a sinner does penance, pray in vain for us? No. We have hosts of friends +in heaven to speak a good word for us. And as a child who has disobeyed +his parents wisely asks a better brother or sister to intercede with his +parents for mercy, so, too, having disobeyed our heavenly Father by sin, +we have recourse to others better than ourselves, to our better brothers +and sisters, the Blessed Virgin and saints, to intercede with God for +us. + +Is not this a reasonable practice? + +If your mother or sister crosses the sea she will continue to pray for +you. And if she crosses the sea of death will she forget you? No. The +love she bore you here will continue in heaven. She will pray for you, +and the "Lord will hear the prayers of the just." Ask the saints to pray +to your God and their God for you. Honor God by honoring His friends and +asking their intercession. And all your friends in heaven will unite in +praying to the Father of us all that one day all who love God and His +friends, the saints, may be admitted with them into the _company of the +Saint of saints, Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ._ + + + +XI. Crucifixes, Relics, and Images + +"Thou shalt not make to thyself a graven thing, nor the likeness of +anything that is in the heaven above, or in the earth beneath, nor of +those things that are in the waters under the earth. Thou shalt not +adore them nor serve them" (_Ex_. xx. 4, 5). + +THIS first commandment teaches us to adore God alone. It does not forbid +the making of images, but it forbids the adoring of them, worshiping +them as gods. This would be idolatry. If the making of images were +forbidden, it would be improper to have images or pictures of our +friends. + +It has frequently been said that Catholics ate idolaters, because they +have in their churches crucifixes, relics, and images of the saints, +which they honor. Perhaps many of those who accuse us of idolatry, if +asked, could not tell what idolatry is. Idolatry is giving to a creature +(whether a crucifix, an image, or any created thing) that honor which +belongs to God. + +The honor we give those sacred things is a relative honor. We honor them +on account of the relation they bear to God and His friends, the saints. + +Every Catholic, even the child, is taught the difference between the +idol of the pagan and a Catholic image. Pagans looked upon their idols +as gods. They thought these senseless objects had power, intelligence, +and other attributes of the Deity. They worshiped them as gods and +thought they could assist them. Hence they were image-worshipers or +idolaters. + +Catholics know full well that images have no intelligence to understand, +no power to assist them. They do not adore nor serve them. That would be +idolatry. It would be breaking the first commandment. They do not say +when praying before the crucifix or image of a saint, "I adore thee, O +Crucifix"; nor "Help me, O Image," But they say, "I adore thee, O God, +whose cruel death is represented by this crucifix," or "Pray for me, O +saint represented by this image." + +We have images, pictures, and relics of Our Lord, His Blessed Mother, +and the saints, for the same reason that we have relics and portraits of +George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, or of our relatives and friends. +They remind us of the original. Who can look upon the crucifix or upon a +picture of the Crucifixion without being reminded of all the sufferings +of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ? + +And who can seriously contemplate those sufferings, borne for us so +patiently, without being moved to pity and to repentance? Such a person +will be moved to say with the heart if not with the lips: "Oh, my God, I +am sorry for having offended Thee and caused Thee such suffering. Grant +that I may love Thee with my whole heart and never more offend Thee." + +Catholics, as we have seen, adore God alone. They honor the Blessed +Virgin and saints represented by images. They use these holy pictures +and statues to beautify the house of God. These pictures are also a +source of instruction. They are a profession of our faith. If you enter +a house and see on one side of the room a picture of the Blessed Virgin, +Cardinal Gibbons, or of Pope Leo XIII, and on the other a picture of +Lincoln, Cleveland, or Washington, you will at once know the religious +faith as well as the political belief or patriotism of the occupant. + +By the aid of the relics of the martyrs we are reminded of all they +suffered for the faith. By the use of religious pictures, our devotion +is increased and we are stimulated to imitate the virtues of the saints +represented. + +If it is reasonable to have pictures of our martyred President and +relics of our Revolutionary heroes that we may be reminded of their +patriotism, it is none the less reasonable to have pictures and relics +of Our Lord, the Blessed Virgin, and the saints, that we may be reminded +of their virtues. By imitating their virtues here, we may be _happy with +them hereafter_. + + + +XII. Some Sacramentals + +"Pray without ceasing" (_2 Thess_. v. 17). + +"Every creature is sanctified by the word of God and prayer" (_1 Tim_. +4, 5). + +BY SACRAMENTALS we mean the various prayers, blessings, ceremonies and +pious practices of the Church. Here mention will be made of some of the +most common of the sacramentals that have not already been treated. +Sacramentals, like sacraments, have an outward sign; the latter, +however, were instituted by Christ, the former by the Church, and while +the latter always give grace if we place no obstacle in the way, the +former do not give grace, but excite good thoughts, increase devotion, +and raise the mind to God. + +The chief sacramentals that have not been mentioned are the books used +by the priest in the performance of his sacred duties, the sign of the +cross, holy water, blessed candles, blessed palm and ashes, holy oils, +scapulars, medals, Agnus Dei, prayers, litanies, rosary, the Angelus, +stations, the funeral service, and various blessings. + +The books used by the priest in the performance of his sacred duties are +the _Missal_, which contains the Masses for the various feasts of the +ecclesiastical year; the _Breviary_, in which is the office recited by +the priest every day; and the _Ritual_, where is to be found the form of +administering the different sacraments, the funeral service, and the +various benedictions. + +The sacramental of most frequent use in the Church is the _sign of the +cross_. It is used to remind us of the Passion and Death of Our Lord and +Saviour Jesus Christ on the cross. The cross is the emblem of the +Christian, the "sign of the Son of Man." It is an act of faith in the +principal truths of Christianity. When we say the words, "In the name," +we profess our faith in the unity of God, which means that there is but +one God; "of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost," are a +profession of faith in the Trinity--_i.e._, that there are three divine +persons in one God. The form of the cross which we trace with our right +hand from our forehead to our breast, and then from the left to the +right shoulder, is a profession of faith in the Incarnation of the Son +of God, who became man and died on the cross for our redemption. +Tertullian and other writers of the early ages of the Church tell us +that before every action, before rising or retiring, before meals, at +every step, "we impress on our forehead the sign of the cross." The +Catholic Church of to-day, in accordance with the teachings of Christ, +His apostles, and their successors of all time, teaches her children to +put their trust in the merits of Jesus Christ's sufferings on the cross, +and to do everything "in the name of the Father and of the Son and of +the Holy Ghost." + +_Holy water_ is water blessed by a priest. During the blessing beautiful +prayers are recited. These prayers express the spiritual blessings the +Church wishes to follow all who use it. The Church uses holy water in +all the benedictions and some of her sacraments. It is placed at the +doors of her churches, that all who enter may use it and be reminded of +that purity of heart which it symbolizes. Holy water is also kept in the +houses of Catholics, to be used in times of trial and when the priest +comes to administer the sacraments. + +The _blessed candles_ used in the service of the Church receive their +special blessing on Candlemas Day. We use these lighted candles at +different times to remind us of Jesus, who is the "Light of the world." +Catholics always keep a blessed candle in the house. The Church puts a +lighted candle in our hand at our baptism, and wishes us to die with one +in our hand, to remind us to hope in Him who is our Light and the light +of the world. + +On Ash Wednesday _ashes_ are blessed and put on the forehead of the +faithful in the form of a cross, with the words, "Remember, man, that +thou art dust and unto dust thou shalt return," to remind them that they +are only dust and ashes. These are the ashes of burnt _palms_ blessed +the Palm Sunday of the previous year. These palms are blessed in memory +of the triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem, when the people spread +palm branches along the way. This palm should remind us to perform +faithfully our duty if we wish to enjoy the palm of victory. + +The _holy oils_ are blessed by the bishop on Holy Thursday of each year. +They are of three kinds: oil of the sick, used in the sacrament of +Extreme Unction; oil of the Catechumens, used in blessing baptismal +water and in the sacrament of Baptism; and Holy Chrism, used in the +preparation of baptismal water in the ceremonies of Baptism, +Confirmation, and at the consecration of a bishop, of churches, altars, +bells and chalices. The olive oil used should remind us of Our Saviour's +_passion_ in the Garden of Olives. + +_Agnus Deis_ (blessed by the Pope), _scapulars_, and _medals_ are small +articles worn by Catholics to remind them of Our Lord (the Lamb of God), +of the Blessed Virgin, and of the saints. They are emblems of the +Christian, as the starry banner is the emblem of the American; and as +the flag of our country shows that we are under the protection of the +Government of the United States, so the Agnus Dei, scapulars, and medals +show that we are under the protection of Jesus Christ, His Blessed +Mother, and His saints. + +_Prayer_ is the elevation of our mind and heart to God to ask Him for +all blessings, temporal and spiritual. Prayer is necessary to salvation. +We are taught in St. Luke (xviii.) to pray always and faint not. We +should pray with attention and devotion, with confidence and humility. +We are told in the Lord's Prayer to pray for others as well as for +ourselves, and God's choicest blessings will be granted us through Jesus +Christ Our Lord. The best of all prayers is the one God taught us--the +Lord's Prayer. Other prayers common in the Church are Litanies, +Rosaries, the Angelus, Stations, and the Funeral Service for the dead. +The Litanies most in use in the Church are the Litany of All Saints, of +the Blessed Virgin, of the Holy Name of Jesus. In these Litanies we ask +God to have mercy on us and the saints to pray for us; but we ask +everything through Jesus Christ Our Lord. Few practices of the Church +are more widespread than the _Rosary_ of the Blessed Virgin. It consists +of the best of all prayers--the Apostles' Creed, the Our Father, three +Hail Marys, and the Glory be to the Father; then the Our Father and ten +Hail Marys repeated five times. This constitutes the beads, or one-third +part of the Rosary. During the recitation of these prayers the mind +should be occupied meditating on the principal mysteries of the life of +Our Lord. These mysteries are divided into the five joyful mysteries: +the Annunciation by the angel Gabriel, the Visitation of the Blessed +Virgin to St. Elizabeth, the Birth of Our Lord, the Presentation, and +the Finding in the Temple; the five sorrowful mysteries: the Agony in +the Garden, the Scourging, the Crowning with Thorns, the Carrying of the +Cross, and the Crucifixion; and the five glorious mysteries: the +Resurrection, the Ascension, the Descent of the Holy Ghost, the +Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, and the Crowning of the Blessed Virgin +in heaven. Any one of these mysteries furnishes sufficient material to +occupy the mind of man for hours. These mysteries contain the whole +history of the Redemption. The prayers and meditations of the Rosary +satisfy the minds of the humblest, while they are sufficient to occupy +the attention of the most exalted and most cultivated. The _Angelus_ is +a beautiful prayer, said morning, noon, and night. In Catholic countries +the bell is rung, when all cease their occupations, kneel, and recite: +"The angel of the Lord declared unto Mary, and she conceived by the Holy +Ghost"--a Hail Mary. "Behold the handmaid of the Lord--be it done unto +me according to Thy Word"--a Hail Mary. "And the Word was made flesh, +and dwelt amongst us"--a Hail Mary. The prayer: "Pour forth, we beseech +Thee, O Lord, Thy grace into our hearts, that we, to whom the +Incarnation of Christ, Thy Son, was made known by the message of an +angel, may by His passion and cross be brought to the glory of His +resurrection, through the same Christ Our Lord. Amen." By this beautiful +practice we show in a special manner our faith in the Incarnation of Our +Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. + +The _Stations of the Cross_ are fourteen paintings representing the +various stages of the passion and death of Our Redeemer. The faithful +pass from station to station and meditate upon that feature of the +passion represented by each station. Tradition tells us that from the +beginning pious pilgrims were accustomed to tread the path and bedew +with their tears the way sanctified by our Saviour on that sorrowful +journey from Pilate's tribunal to Calvary's heights. But Jerusalem +falling into the hands of infidels, and many being unable to visit those +holy places, permission was obtained to erect in churches fourteen +crosses and pictures commemorating these sorrowful acts. From these +stations all can meditate upon the sufferings of our Saviour, and learn +from Him submission to God's holy will, patience, charity, and +forgiveness of injuries. + +The _funeral service_ of the Catholic Church is beautiful, touching, and +instructive. After blessing, strengthening, and encouraging us through +life with her sacraments; after fortifying our souls for the last great +struggle, she follows us beyond the grave with her blessings, her +prayers, and her sacrifices. "Eternal rest give unto them, O Lord," she +prays; "and let perpetual light shine upon them. May they rest in +peace." + +There are various other prayers and blessings used by the Church on +special occasions. In fact, the Church blesses everything she uses. This +blessing of the priest is not such an absurd thing as some imagine it to +be; it is rather a most reasonable practice. It is simply a prayer said +by the priest, asking God to send His blessing upon the person or thing +indicated. People of all denominations say grace before meals, asking +God to bless the food they are about to use. This is precisely what the +priest does when blessing anything. He uses different forms of prayer +ordained by the Church to implore God's blessing upon the water, +candles, and other things before using them. This blessing of churches, +water, candles, and other things has its foundation on Scripture. We +read in the Old Testament of the solemn blessing of the Temple of +Solomon. St. Paul tells us that "every creature is sanctified by the +word of God and prayer." Churches, water, candles, bells, books, +persons, and other things blessed by the Church are creatures. Therefore +we are following St. Paul in blessing them, for every creature is +sanctified by the word of God and prayer. + +We do not claim that those articles that are blessed have any efficacy +in themselves; but we hope and pray that God in His infinite goodness +and mercy may render those blessed articles beneficial to those using +them, may protect them and lead them to _His blessed abode above, where +all is peace and light and love._ + + + +XIII. The Celebration of Feasts + +"Seven days shalt thou celebrate feasts to the Lord thy God, in the +place which the Lord shalt choose" (_Deut_. xvi. 15). + +"If he will not hear the Church, let him be to thee as the heathen and +the publican" (_Matt._ xviii. 17). + +FROM these texts we learn that besides the Sunday God wishes certain +other days to be observed religiously, and that the Church has the power +of designating these days. + +As the State sets aside certain national holidays in commemoration of +its founder or of the Declaration of Independence, so the Church sets +aside these holidays in honor of Jesus Christ, the Blessed Virgin, and +the saints. + +Besides the feasts celebrated on Sundays, there are in this country but +six holidays of obligation. Three of these are commemorative of events +in the life of Our Lord: Christmas, the Circumcision, and the Ascension; +two, the Immaculate Conception and the Assumption, in honor of the +Blessed Virgin; and one in honor of God's saints--the Feast of All +Saints. + +The ecclesiastical year begins in Advent. Advent is a period of about +four weeks of penance and prayer preparatory to the great feast of +Christmas and corresponding to the penitential season of Lent before +Easter. During the ecclesiastical year, the first of the feasts of +obligation in the order of time is the feast of the _Immaculate +Conception_. + +It is celebrated on the 8th of December. On this day we commemorate the +fact that Mary was immaculate when she first came into being in her +mother's womb; that she was always pure; that sin never touched her fair +soul. Immaculate Conception, as you will see in the article on the +Blessed Virgin, means that she was always free from sin. + +The great feast of _Christmas_, in honor of the birth of Jesus Christ, +is celebrated on December 25th. This feast is a time of joy and peace to +all mankind, and is celebrated by the Church with much pomp and +ceremony. + +The festival of the _Circumcision_ is kept on the first day of the new +year. It is commemorative of Our Lord's strict observance of the law by +submitting to the Jewish ceremony of circumcision. We solemnly celebrate +the day in honor of our merciful Lord, who is our model in all things. + +Next in the order of time is the feast of the _Ascension_. It is kept +forty days after the grand feast of Easter, and is in honor of Our +Lord's glorious ascension into heaven. + +The _Assumption_ of the Blessed Virgin, celebrated the 15th of August, +is commemorative of the glorious taking up to heaven of Mary, soul and +body. (This is a pious tradition.) + +_All Saints'_ Day is November 1st. Every day is a saint's day. There is +not a day that the Catholic Church does not celebrate a feast in honor +of some special mystery or saint. But as there are more saints in heaven +than could be thus specially honored, she sets aside this one day every +year in honor of all the saints in heaven. + +There are various other important feasts, some of which fall on Sunday; +but these we have mentioned being feasts of obligation to be observed as +Sunday, it was thought that it would not be uninteresting to give a +short explanation of them. + +On them we honor God and His special friends. Let us always, by faith, +hope, and love, _bear Jesus in our minds and hearts_. + + + +XIV. Infant Baptism + +"Amen, amen, I say to thee, unless a man be born again of water and the +Holy Ghost, he can not enter into the kingdom of God" (_John_ iii 5). + +WHILE most Christians admit the necessity of Baptism for adults, the +Catholic Church is alone in insisting upon the practice of infant +Baptism. This practice is in accordance with the teaching of St. John, +quoted above. It is also in accordance with apostolic teaching and +practice. + +We read in the 16th chapter of the Acts of the Apostles that St. Paul +baptized Lydia "and her household," and that the keeper of the prison +was converted and "was baptized and presently all his family." Among +these families it is but reasonable to suppose that there were some +infants. + +Infant Baptism was the practice of the apostles; it was the practice of +the Christians of the early Church, as Origen tells us. The Church +received the tradition from the apostles to give Baptism to infants, and +it has been the practice of the Church from the time of Christ until the +present. + +St. Paul tells us that Adam's sin was transmitted to all his posterity. +"Wherefore as by one man sin entered into this world, and by sin death, +and so death passed unto all men in whom all have sinned" (_Rom_. v. +12). Every infant, according to St. Paul, is born to sin--original sin. +But as Baptism takes away original sin, and as nothing defiled can enter +heaven (_Apoc_. xxi.), Baptism of infants is necessary to open for them +the gates of heaven. + +Baptism may be validly administered by dipping, sprinkling, or pouring. +The method practised in this part of Christendom is pouring the water on +the head of the person to be baptized, saying at the same time: "I +baptize thee in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy +Ghost." + +The reasonableness of the practice of baptizing infants will be evident +if we remember that Christ taught the necessity of baptism for all when +He said: "Unless a man be born again of water and the Holy Ghost, he can +not enter into the kingdom of God"; and that He declared little children +capable of entering into the kingdom of God when He said: "Suffer little +children to come unto Me and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom +of heaven." + +Now, if infants are capable of entering heaven (and Christ so declares), +they must be capable of receiving Baptism, without which Christ says no +one can enter the kingdom of God. + +While in adults faith and sorrow for sin are required before receiving +Baptism, no disposition is required in infants. + +They contracted original sin without their knowledge; without their +knowledge they are freed from it. + +By Baptism they are made heirs of the kingdom of heaven. + +They can be made heirs of property, of a kingdom on earth without their +consent; why not also of the kingdom of heaven? + +Baptism is the first of the seven sacraments which the Church confers +upon man. It cleanses us from original sin (actual sin also if the +recipient be guilty of any), makes us Christians, children of God, and +heirs of heaven. It prepares us for the reception of the other +sacraments. By Baptism we all contracted the obligation of believing and +practising the doctrines of Jesus Christ as taught us by the true +Church. We fulfil this obligation by _leading a truly Christian life_. + + + +XV. The Marriage Tie--One and Indissoluble + +"But I say to you that whosoever shall put away his wife, excepting for +the cause of fornication, maketh her to commit adultery; and he that +shall marry her that is put away committeth adultery" (_Matt_. v. 33). + +"What, therefore, God hath joined together, let no man put asunder" +(_Matt_. xix. 5, 6). + +FEW practices of the Church have been productive of more good to society +than that concerning Christian marriage. The Christian family is the +foundation of Christian society, and Christian marriage is the basis of +the Christian family. Without marriage neither the family nor society +could exist. Marriage was instituted by God before society existed, and, +as a natural consequence, it is subject not to the laws of society, but +to the laws of God and His Church. The principal law and necessary +condition of Christian marriage is its unity and indissolubility. It is +the union of one man with one woman for the purposes intended by the +Creator, which union is to last as long as both survive. Such was +marriage in the beginning; to such it was restored by our Saviour when +He made it a sacrament of His law and a type of His union with His +Church. + +The practice of the Catholic Church in not permitting a divorce that +will allow either party to marry during the life of the other, is +clearly taught by Jesus Christ in the 5th chapter of Matthew: "He who +puts away his wife maketh her to commit adultery, and he that marrieth +her committeth adultery." + +No human power can break the bond of marriage. "What God hath joined +together, let no man put asunder." It is the work of God. Let no man +dare meddle with it. St. Paul teaches the same when he says in the 39th +verse of the 7th chapter of the First Epistle to the Corinthians: "A +woman is bound by the law as long as her husband liveth; but if her +husband die, she is at liberty, let her marry whom she will." The +practice of the Catholic Church is conformable to this teaching of +Christ, St. Paul, the apostles, and their successors. + +In defence of this practice of forbidding divorce, since marriage is one +and indissoluble, the Catholic Church has had many a severe conflict. +And had she not fought this battle bravely for the sanctity, the unity, +and the indissolubility of the marriage tie, Europe and America would +today be in as degraded a condition as are the Mahometan and other +nations where the laws of marriage are disregarded. For divorces are not +only contrary to Christ's teaching concerning the sanctity, unity, and +indissolubility of the marriage tie, but are also subversive of society. +They sever the marriage tie inasmuch as the law of man can do it. If the +marriage tie is loosened, the family is dissolved; and if the family is +dissolved, society, the state, falls to ruin. Divorce destroys conjugal +love, causes unhappiness, renders the proper education of children +impossible, and often leads to terrible crimes. Is it not reasonable as +well as scriptural to forbid it? + +The Christian husband and wife, knowing the sanctity, the unity, and the +indissolubility of the marriage tie, live in love and peace and honor +together; together they rear the issue of their union, teaching them to +be good children, good citizens, and good Christians; together, after a +long, a prosperous, and a happy union, they return to dust; and together +they will meet again beyond the confines of the tomb--_yes, they will +meet to part no more_. + + + +XVI. Respect Shown to Ecclesiastical Superiors + +"We are ambassadors for Christ; God, as it were, exhorting by us" (_2 +Cor_. v. 20). + +"As the Father sent me, I also send you" (_John_ xx. 21). + +"Go ye into the whole world and preach the Gospel to every creature" +(_Mark_ xvi. 15). + +THE respect Catholics have for the bishops and priests of the Church is +often a matter of surprise to those not of the Faith. They do not +understand, as Catholics do, that the priests are "ambassadors for +Christ" sent to "preach the Gospel to every creature." For Christ +instituted the priesthood to carry on divine worship, to govern the +Church, to preach His doctrine, and to administer the sacraments. + +As in the Old Law God chose His priests from among the family of Aaron, +so in the New Law He chooses them from among those whom His apostles and +their successors see fit to ordain. Priests and other ministers of the +Church receive in the sacrament of Holy Orders the power and grace to +perform their sacred duties. If we would but consider seriously for a +moment the importance of these duties and the great dignity of the +minister of God, we would have no difficulty in understanding the +reasonableness of the Catholic practice of showing profound respect to +God's priesthood. + +The priest is the minister of Jesus Christ, who chose him that he might +obtain for himself the greatest good and in return bestow this good upon +his fellow-man. Jesus Christ chose him that he might aid Him in the work +for which He came on earth. What a noble mission! What important duties! +What a great dignity! To aid Jesus Christ in saving souls, to teach them +the truths of salvation, to loose them from their sins, to offer the +eucharistic sacrifice for them, to pray for them, to minister unto them, +and to fill them with Heaven's choice blessings; for such a high +mission, for such important duties did Jesus Christ choose the priest. +If his duties are so important, his dignity must be correspondingly +great. + +On the banks of the Lake of Genesareth the Great Teacher chose Peter as +His vicar and head of His Church. As the pontiff could not be +everywhere, Peter and the other apostles imposed hands on others as the +needs of the growing Church demanded. They understood that it was by a +living, teaching ministry this work of salvation was to be carried on. +For we find it recorded in the 14th chapter of the Acts that Paul and +Barnabas ordained priests in Lystra and Iconium. + +Paul also consecrated Titus Bishop of Crete, for the express purpose of +ordaining others. Thus we see that as Christ was sent by the Father, the +apostles by Christ, so, too, is the priest invested with the same power +"for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry and for +the edification of the body of Christ" (_Eph_. iv. 12), and that no one +but a priest divinely called, rightly ordained, and legitimately sent +has power from God to teach God's words to the faithful. He is the +ambassador of God, commissioned to do His work with His authority; the +vicar of Christ continuing the work He commenced; and the organ of the +Holy Ghost for the sanctification of souls. He is ever imitating his +model, going "about doing good." He devotes his life to alleviate the +sufferings of men. To spend one's life instructing man is but second in +importance to alleviating his sufferings. This the priest is ever doing. +He rescued us from barbarism; saved for us at the risk of his life the +Holy Scriptures, the classics of Greece and Rome, and the writings of +the Fathers; founded the great universities of Europe; and is to-day, as +in the past, the greatest educator in the world. He does all this for +love of God. Do you wonder, then, that Catholics love and revere their +priests? + +Nowhere can there be found a body of men or a series of rulers so +venerable, so renowned for wisdom, justice, charity, and holiness, as +the Popes, bishops, and priests of the Catholic Church in every age, +_from the time of Christ until the present_. + + + +XVII. Celibacy + +"He who is unmarried careth about the things of the Lord, how he may +please God" (_i Cor_. vii. 32). + +THE Catholic Church recognizes matrimony as a holy state. She recommends +celibacy to those desiring greater perfection, and enjoins it on her +priests because, as St. Paul says, "He who is unmarried careth about the +things of the Lord." It is said that the life of the priest is a hard, +lonely one, and that it is unscriptural. Let us see. That his life is +one of hardships is certain. His path is by no means one of roses; it is +rather one covered with thorns. The young man knows this well before he +enters it. With a full knowledge of its duties and responsibilities, he +willingly enters the priesthood. He knows well that it is a life full of +trials and crosses. He knows, too, that the whole life of Jesus Christ, +from the stable of Bethlehem to the cross on Calvary's heights, was one +continuous trial, cross, mortification; and that the life of every +follower, especially every minister, of Jesus Christ should be fashioned +after that of his divine model. "If any man will come after Me," He says +in the 16th chapter of St. Matthew, "let him deny himself, take up his +cross and follow Me." The disciple, the minister of Christ, is not above +his Master; and it is not becoming that the path of the disciple or +minister should be covered with flowers while that of the Master was +strewn with thorns and sprinkled with His own precious blood. + +Yes, the priest's life is one of trials, crosses, and hardships. But the +more trials he has to bear, the more crosses he has to carry, the more +hardships he has to endure, the greater is his resemblance to his model, +Jesus Christ; and if he bears those trials, crosses, and hardships, +which he shares with his Master here, with a proper spirit, the more +certain he is of sharing with Him a happy eternity hereafter. + +But is the life of celibacy unscriptural? No. In fact, few questions are +more clearly defined in Holy Scripture than that of religious celibacy. +St. Paul, in the 7th chapter of the First Epistle to the Corinthians, +says: "I would have you without solicitude. He who is unmarried careth +for the things of the Lord, how he may please God; but he who is married +careth about the things of the world, how he may please his wife, and is +divided. And the unmarried woman and virgin thinketh about the things of +the Lord, how she may be holy in body and spirit. But she that is +married thinketh about the things of the world, how she may please her +husband. Therefore," he concludes, "he that giveth his virgin in +marriage doth well; and he who giveth her not doth better." Could +language be clearer? Marriage is good; celibacy is better. + +"He that is unmarried careth about the things of the Lord, how he may +please God." This teaching of St. Paul is the teaching of the Church-- +that marriage is honorable, is good, but that there is a better, a +holier state for those who are called by the grace of God to embrace it. + +Religious celibacy is one of the principal reasons why the Catholic +priest and missionary will risk all dangers, overcome all obstacles, +face all terrors, and in time of plague expose himself to death in its +most disgusting forms for the good of his fellow-man. + +All are acquainted with the noble examples of numbers of priests and +Sisters of Charity who, at the risk of their own lives, voluntarily +nursed the sick and dying during the yellow-fever scourge in the South a +few years ago. Do you think they would have done so had they families +depending upon them? No; they would have cared for the things of this +world. Jesus Christ has said: "Greater love than this no man hath, that +a man give up his life for his fellow-man." This the good priest is ever +doing, ever ready to do. Although death stares him in the face, he never +shrinks from his post of duty, never abandons his flock while there is a +wound to heal, a soul to save. + +When his duty calls him, he is not afraid of death, because St. Paul +says: "_He who is without a wife is solicitous about the things of the +Lord._" + + + +XVIII. Conclusion + +"If thou wilt enter into life keep the commandments" (_Matt_. xix. 17). + +WHEN Jesus Christ died on the cross for us, He did so in order to lead +us into life, to open heaven for all mankind. How important our +salvation must be, then, for which Christ shed His precious blood. If it +is important, He must have taught us how to attain it. This, too, He did +by the words, "keep the commandments." + +To assist us in keeping the commandments He left a representative on +earth. His Church, whose ministers were to teach all nations, is this +representative. To her He said: "He that hears you, hears Me." + +The night before He died He instituted the adorable sacrifice of the +Mass, saying: "This is My body . . . This is My blood which shall be +shed for you." He then gave the apostles and their successors power to +do what He had just done: "Do this in commemoration of Me." He also gave +them power to baptize, to forgive sins, to bless, to be "dispensers of +the mysteries of God." He gave them power to confer these powers on +others. "As the Father sent Me [_i.e._, with the same power] I also send +you." To these apostles and their successors He spoke when He said that +He would remain with them until the consummation of the world. To them +and the Church He said: "He that hears you hears Me." What the Church +teaches, then, Christ teaches. + +As, in the natural order, man is born, grows to manhood, is nourished, +and if sick needs proper food and remedies: so, in the supernatural +order, there is a birth, it is Baptism; there is a manly growth, it is +Confirmation; there is a nourishing food, it is the Holy Eucharist, the +Bread of Life; there is a medicinal remedy against death, it is Penance; +and there is a balm to heal the wounds, the scars of sin, it is Extreme +Unction. These are some of the channels through which God's grace flows +into our souls to assist us to keep the commandments. + +The practices of the Church naturally flow from her teachings. She +teaches that there is but one God, the creator and Lord of heaven and +earth and all things; that man by his reason alone can find out this +truth; that the order, beauty, and harmony of the works of nature show +God's work; but that there are some truths which the deepest intellect +of man can never fathom. Hence she teaches that God has revealed certain +truths; such as the mysteries of the Holy Trinity, the Incarnation, and +the Blessed Sacrament. When we know that God has revealed these truths +we are acting reasonably not only in believing them, but also in showing +our belief by practices of respect, adoration, and love. + +The Church teaches that we must not only believe, but practise our +religion. For faith alone will not save us. "Faith without works is +dead." To have these works we must "keep the commandments." We must love +God above all things and our neighbor as ourselves. All the commandments +are comprised in this. In fact, the essence of Christianity is charity. + +Where will you find charity practised in reality except in the Catholic +Church? If you wish to see the truth of this, visit our larger towns and +cities, and you will find hundreds of hospitals, asylums, schools, and +other charitable institutions in which are thousands of the children of +the Catholic Church, who have left everything to alleviate every ill +that flesh is heir to, and follow the meek and humble Jesus in His +mission of love. + +The Catholic Church alone teaches, as Jesus taught while on earth, the +duty of penance. "If any man will come after Me, let him deny himself, +take up his cross and follow Me." According to Christ's teaching, the +Church sets aside the penitential season of Lent and other times of +mortification. + +The Church also teaches that we must not only be faithful in the +observance of the practices of religion, but that we must also live in +peace and justice and charity with all mankind, and die with a hope +beyond the grave. If we love God we will faithfully observe the +practices of the Church; these practices will assist us in keeping the +commandments, by which we will enter into life. + +We have seen that the various ceremonies and practices of the Catholic +Church are dictated by right reason; that they are the rational +deduction from Christ's teaching; that they obtain for us divine grace, +excite pious thoughts, and elevate our minds to God; and that a true +Christian is one who not only believes but also practises the teachings +of Christ and His Church. The observance of these pious practices of the +Church makes us Christians in fact as well as in name. They assist us to +keep the commandment and to live in accordance with our faith. By +faithfully observing them, we show that we are not ashamed to be +Christ's followers. And if we follow Him, who is the way, the truth, and +the life, we will not walk in darkness; but will enter by the narrow way +into the presence of truth itself, _in the regions of eternal light_. + + +PRINTED BY BENZINGER BROTHERS, NEW YORK + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Mary, Help of Christians, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MARY, HELP OF CHRISTIANS *** + +***** This file should be named 33596.txt or 33596.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/3/5/9/33596/ + +Produced by Michael Gray, the Diocese of San Jose + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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